davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1944-05-28

Mrs. Lee was left behind in charge of
Arlington and, realizing that her estate
would in all probability be debatable
territory between the contending forces,
she made hasty preparations to leave
there by removing many of the precious
relics OF the Washington family farther
to the south, she herself soon going to
Ravensworth, the home of relatives,
near Fairfax Court House. a1~ 20 .
First Soldier Buried
The first burial of soldier in Arling-
ton was that of L. Reinhardt, a Con-
federate soldier of the 23d North Caro-
lima Regiment, which took place on May
13, 1864, and the following day, IL Union
soldiers were inferred in the presence
of President Lincoln. The Confederate
soldier, Reinhardt, was a prisoner of
war and had died In the military hos
pital nearby.
This estate was part of the grant
or patent from Sir William Berkeley,
Governor of Virginia, to Robert Howser,
dated october 81, 1863, under which
John and Gerard Alexander asserted
title as late as 1735. Gerard Alexander
by his will, August 8, 1850, devised the
same to his son Gerard and said Gerard
and his wife Jane conveyed the same
to John Parke Custis by deed dated
December Is, 1f7S.
John Parke Gusts died intestate on
November S, 1871, and the estate de-
scended to his son, George Washington
Evening star., 1944-05-28

United States Supreme Court decision
IN his favor, and In 1883 he accepted
$150,000 from the Government for for
ever parting with the title.
Dared All and Died
One can sometimes learn more from
the dead than from the living, and this
cemetery in particular teaches many
valuable lessons Men of the greatest
note and renown in their day lie here
in silence and repose.
Indeed, we cannot show these men
too much respect, for all the honor and
prosperity our country has enjoyed in
the past is due almost entirely to the
Army and Navy and the men who have
led its legions. And it is upon such
brave men that our future depends.
True patriotism is matter of prin-
ciple and not a matter of dollars and
cents, and the writer never realized
this more than he did as he copied the
following inscription ON the Confederate
Monument in beautiful Arlington:
mot for Fame or Repard,
Not for Place or for Rank,
Not Lured by Ambition
Or Goaded By Necessity,
But in Simple
Obedience to DUTY,
As They Understood 1t,
These Men Suffered All,
Sacrificed All,
Dared .AI-ond Died."
Evening star., 1944-05-28

the drawing room Of the mansion, on
Thursday, June 80, 1881.
Little of this important event seems
to be recorded. The National Inteln-
gencer for July 8, 1881, gives simply the
following notice:
'Marriage-At Arlington House, by
the Rev. DR.. Keith, 1t. Robert Lee OF
the United States Corps Of Engineers,
to Miss Mary A. R. Gusts, only daughter
of G. w. p. Gusts, Esq"
Elsewhere we are told there were in
attendance at the wedding six brides
maids, one of whom was Britannia Peter,
a cousin, who later married Capt. Bev-
erly Kennon, U. s. NJ, and who lived In
Tudor Place. It was this naval officer
who lost his life on February 20, 1874,
while on the trial trip of the Princeton,
on the Potomac, when a gun exploded
killing, besides Commodore Kennen,
Secretary Abel P. Upshur of the Navy,
David Gardner, former State Senator
of New York, and several Others They
were buried from the east room of the
White House.
In connection with the marriage of
Gen. Lee, an amusing story is told, as
follows:
I'm the early evening preceding the
hour fixed for the ceremony, a heavy
thunderstorm came up, rather unfortu-
nately for the Rev. Mr.. Meade, who was
yet on the road, and who reached the
house thoroughly drenched. 1t was i'm
Evening star., 1944-05-28

was at field hospital. He's at Halloran
now, with kidney gone, but looking
like new recruit and taking weekend
leaves in New York City.
Pvt. Joseph Rosenstein Is cheerful
blue-eyed fellow who was wounded just
year ago in Tunisia. He answered
what was the matter with him with a
big grin and II got the business"
The business was a horrible chest
wound that ripped his lung when he
laid on land mine"
My lieutenant wanted to carry me
back" but he didn't have to. The
medics were right there That was at
I in the morning. don't remember the
trip, but I came to at twilight and my
lung had been scanned up"
Even parachute troops have their own
medics who Jump with them. Sergt.
William Radigan, who says, You get
medical aid quicker than you do on
maneuvers,' told of buddy in Italy.
"As far as We could see, the top of his
head was gone. I've Just heard he is up
and around"
But death from violence Is not the
only concern of the armed services
Evening star., 1944-05-28
What Army Means by Too Old to Fight

Casualties" remarks the owl mat
ter Of factly, "are to be expected In the
form Of bruises, broken ankles and legs,
even broken shoulders. Here a young
mans endurance and recuperative pow
er prove their value"
In both the paratroopers and the in
fantry, however, the training Itself is
enough to make the civilian Mr.. Smith
begin to suspect he's on old man before
his time
Bar acrobaticS, among other things,
test the prospective paratrooper. The
infantryman, during his training, makes
continuous marches Of IS miles in 8
hours and 8 miles In Q hours, carrying
sometimes so pounds of equipment. He
slithers through mud and wire. with
machine gun~ bullets whipping 80 inches
above the ground and land mines ex-
ploding around him.
Testing Toughness
In other tests the infantryman is
asked to do approximately IS pushups,
run 300 yards in As seconds, make IS
yard dash in 20 seconds with a man his
own weight on his back and complete in
80 seconds 70-yard zigzag utility run,
during which he has to run, crawl, creep
and Jump.
Even the Engineer Corps, which, last
spring launched recruiting campaign
for skilled construction workers over 80.
now Is putting the emphasis on younger
men. Many OF the over-38 recruits had
to be released for physical reasons. The
older men now are usually routed into
depot or maintenance work.
Engineer specialist battalions, estab-
lshed just two years ago as the Engi-
neer Amphibious Command, also require
the kind Of stamina spelled by youth.
Their field is the beachhead, their duty
to unload the boats and get the supplies
across the beach and under cover.
While the fighting men push inland
to deploy for f-protection, as well as
attack, the engineer shore regiments
must remain under fire for hours on the
beach without even taking time out to
fight back
Reports from the front, according to
the owl, emphasize the physical en-
durance required TO wade in waist-deep
water and plod through sand carrying
boxes, removing mines, laying wire roads
without pause for rest or sleep.
Even truck drivers of the Army
Transportation Corps have to be young
for front-line duty, although generally
the age Of men in that corps runs
higher than the average age of the
Army.
The Transportation Corps points out
that driving a truck in battle area
takes qualities far different from those
needed for the same work in a rear
section, and different again from oper-
ating locomotive, maintaining track,
riding and repairing harbor craft or
managing traffic at control center.
A truck driver at the front may have
to stay behind the wheel for 18 hours at
Evening star., 1944-05-28
He Roller Skates at II

which he's the oldest skating member.
Yes, I guess I attract bit Of at
tention," he says. But like to skate,
so I skate. I'm not self conscious.
The neighbors used to stare when
Bostwick, cigar in mouth, emerged from
his home, sat down on the steps,
strapped on his rollers and tipped away.
The kids still stare, but mainly to
pick up pointers.
DO the airplane for us, Mr.. Bost-
wick" they shout, and he cheerfully
obliges. Sometimes when he speeds
down the street, laughing youngsters
chase him for a block or so, but few
can keep up.
He says he just came naturally by the
knack of roller skating. He'd been an
ice skating enthusiast since boyhood.
This is wonderful exercise, too" he
said. "If I sat on the porch in rock
ing chair, I'd stiffen up like an old
man."
AS 1t is he's in fine fettle. He's feet
IL, weighs 1876 pounds and says he al
ways feels chipper.
Evening star., 1944-05-28
BV Miriam Gutenberg

A civilian in his 30s may consider
himself in his prime, but to the Army
he's an old man.
That's what the War Department has
been contending for months. Now an
Office of War Information report has
been issued to back it up.
OF course, there are places where an
older man comes in handy. He gives
balance to company of young fire.
brands or his experience may be just
the thing to put power shovel back
in working order.
But when it comes to the front lines,
take it, "a hours day.
Strictest application Of age limits Is
for pilot training. Old age begins over
rs among the pilot candidates. In the
air, eyesight, hearing, reaction time may
all spell the difference between life and
death.
Medical officers point out the flyer is
a ground animal projected by modern
air combat into attitudes of 10000 to 4o,-
600 feet. Warm clothing can protect
him against so below zero temperatures
and tank can supply oxygen, but
changes in air pressure test the delicate
tissues and tubes of his ears and may
cause infections accentuated by any
physical weakness.
Then there are the "bends"-bubbles
OF gas forming in the joints and fatty
tissues. It's an intensely painful ailment
which, doctors report, occurs much more
frequently among older men-that is,
those over 26.
tank, however, in the opinion OF
Ground Forces officers, can be Just as
trying for an older man. Mr.. Smith may
go to the gym regularly in civilian life
and consider himself pretty flt, but he
may change his mind in tank.
Men Who "Can Take IT.
Ground Forces officers contend it
takes an especially tough man to stand
the roar and thunder of a tank, the
close quarters, the bruising and jostling
he gets despite the best shock absorp-
ton science can devise.
While his own guns are blasting in
his ears and the enemy firing back, while
his tank goes over an obstacle, knocks
over tree, hurtles down a. steep hill
and takes off over the crest of another,
he must keep his equilibrium and move
levers and triggers and hold his sights.
Youth Is underlined again among the
paratroopers, where an age limit Of 80
IS imposed. Even young man may
"olackout" when an opening parachute
puts a sudden halt to his free fall
through the air.
paratrooper, points out the owl,
must be agile to land in the correct
posture, shed his chute quickly and
avoid injury. He may land on stony
ground. in the branches OF tree or in
the water with the ever-present threat
OF enemy strafing.
Evening star., 1944-05-28

Parke Custis by the law primogeniture.
Upon his death, in 1857, his daughter,
Mrs. Robert E. Lee, became seized of
life estate, the remainder going to her
son, George w. c. Lee, in fee simple.
On January ii, 1884 pursuant to the
provisions of the Direct Tax Act the
property was bought in by the Govern
ment at a tax sale for $26,100, the de-
linquent tax being only $9207, and this
amount, it seems, had been rendered by
Mrs. Lee through a Mr.. Fendall
After the death of Mrs. Lee in No.
vember, 1873, her surviving son, George
Washington Custis Lee, being entitled
to the estate as remainderman, sought
through the Government to obtain pos
session of the property, but without sue
cess and was forced to take the matter
into the courts. After much litigation,
he finally succeeded in obtaining
Evening star., 1944-05-28
BY Jack Smith,

PHILADELPHIA.-W William c. Bost-
wick. white-haired and 70, stroked his
mustache and philosophized:
Some old men like to sit and talk,
others like to sleep and eat. As for me.
like to roller skate"
He sure does.
The old gentleman. distinguished
looking in Anthony Eden hat and natty
business suit. has done so many figure
eights and other nipups on the streets
OF his West Philadelphia neighborhood
that he's worn out four pairs of skates
and a boxful of spare wheels since 1898.
He skates almost every day when the
weather is fair; sometimes when 1t
isn't.
He skates to market basket in hand.
He skates to an insurance office a
mile away to visit men with whom he
worked before he retired in 1941.
And he skates to Ardmore-s miles
away-for meetings of the Philadelphia
Skating Club and Humane Society, Of
Evening star., 1944-05-28
Monuments in Arlington Cemetery the graves of George
Washington Parke Gusts and his 10ife, Mara Lee Gusts

possible for him to conduct the cere-
mony without some change of rainent,
and they were obliged to supply him
with suit of clothes belonging to Mr..
Custis, father of the bride. Unluckily
for the At of these garments, Mr.. Gusts
was short and stout, the clergyman tall
and thin, and he presented ludicrous
appearance to those who saw him in his
borrowed plumage. However, the ample
folds OF the surplice covered all the
defects, and the guests were unaware Of
the awkward predicament of the digni-
fed divine"
It may be that Mr.. Meade assisted
at the marriage, otherwise the name
Meade in this story is an error, since
the participating clergyman's name was
Keith.
When the Civil War came on and
Gen. Lee took sides with the South,
Evening star., 1944-05-28

$4,000 doctors-one-third of the Nations
supply. They also must fight disease
and forestall epidemics.
In World War las in every other
war-more men died of disease than
were killed In action. The disease death
rate of this war is only one-twentieth
as high.
Your boys chances of mourning tu-
berculosis is only one-tenth what it was
in the last war. The death rate from
meningitis is one-ninth of the 1888
figure.
Typhus fever and lockjaw-killers in
the last war-have been reduced to an
indecipherable dot on the medical map.
Venereal rate is 26 out of 1000, the
lowest at any time in peace or war.
Malaria is this wars No. l disease.
Where every precaution can be taken,
as in Southern Army camps, the Incl
dence has been reduced to the remark.
able low of 06 per cent
The new "life assurances" of this war
cannot save a soldier from instant
death, but they can restore more of the
wounded to a useful life than in any
previous war.
Evening star., 1944-05-28

. stretch, with mud rocks and shell
holes sapping his strength. OF course.
keen eyes are essential, particularly
good night vision, but resistance to
fatigue may mean the difference be-
tween getting food and ammunition to
the front or into ditch.
Army transportation oficials cite the
battle Of the volturno River in italy as
an example Of what front-line truck
drivers have to take. For DAYS and
nights at time quartermaster men
operating with the TRANSFORMATION
Corps had to ply 90 miles and back
between the beaches and the battle.
driving IL to IA hours out of a. In
another phase of the Italian battle.
security required locating supply
dump where drivers had to help lift
each truck in and out of the dump with
winch.
At base sections, q little extra ma
turity may come in handy, the trans
portation officials admit, since aga
reduces the tendency to recklessness.
Experience sometimes is an important
factor. Railroad men who have learned
their trade through long civilian service
are freighting material right up to the
railroads of the war areas such as the
India Burma theater.
Physical Fitness
Although Army officials admit that
the determining factor is not mans
chronological age, but his physical con-
dition and fitness for the job, training
officers of the Transportation Corps find
it advisable to intermingle some young
men even in the battalions where great
experience is the prime qualification.
Like the Transportation Corps, the
Signal Corps also is inclined to place
men with less physical stamina in the
rear areas. That's why the Signal
Corps prefers young men. They can be
shifted as needed from the rear to the
front lines, where stringing line calls
for the utmost in endurance. Once
started, this job must be carried through
without interruption regardless of how
long it takes or how hard the going
becomes.
The Signal Corps recognizes that
some older men may be able to endure
hardships with the younger, and in rear
echelon units such duties as rebuilding
radio sets take years Of experience.
The older man without technical ex-
perience, however, has to prove he can
take 1t" before the Army ships him
overseas with combat units. If he's
overseas now, it's because he has proved
he can stand as much as the hoy
soldiers" in training course as much
like battle as the Army can make it.
The Army can line up an imposing
array of statistics-the number of men
rejected for obvious defects at draft
boards, those rejected at induction sta
tions, the disease and discharge rates
to back up its contention that 'its a
young mans war"
Evening star., 1944-05-28
Arlington, Burial Place
Of the Nations Heroes

be IN substantial condition and is
about as near the original as any build
ing of its age could be. 1t was designed
after the Temple of Theseus, at Athens,
with walls Of brick, succeed, the bricks
used having been made on what Is now
the Fort Myer property. The tall,
massive columns which may be seen at
a great distance are of a most perfect
Greek type of architecture. Prior to the
Civil War it was by many considered
the finest specimen of residence in
the Southern States. and today only the
White House and Mount Vernon can be
said to be better known.
Once a Picnic Spot
Mr.. Custis was one of the most popular
men in and around Washington and his
handsome estate was always open to
picnic parties from the Capital City up
to the time of his death. He even pro-
vided tables and benches for those wish
ing to avail themselves of his hospitality.
the only restriction being against the
bringing upon the grounds of intoxi-
eating liquors. He was a ready speaker
and was frequently invited to speak at
public meetings and to deliver the ora
ton on patriotic holidays. In addition
to this he painted many scenes of the
Revolutionary War, wrote number Of
historic plays and, above all, loved to
speak in reverent terms of the Father
of His Country, of whose immediate
family he was the last survivor.
Although the history Of Arlington is
replete with its gay and sad events, no
doubt the most interesting thing to take
place here during the life of Mr.. Gusts
was the marriage of his only child and
daughter, Mary Ann Randolph Gusts,
to 1t. Robert E. Lee, the ceremony being
performed by the Rev. Reuel Keith, in
Evening star., 1944-05-28
Arlington Mansion

After the death of his grondmother
he made his home for two years with
his sister, Mrs Lewis. In 1902, in an
ticipation of his marriage to Miss Fitz-
hugh, which occurred two years later,
he had plans drawn for Arlington
House-or, as We of the present day
usually call it, Arlington Mansion
which was begun the following year. 1t
was here he brought his 16-year- -old
bride and here that he breathed his
last, his wife having preceded him to
the grave by about four years.
The builder of this historic home
came by the original property through
the death of his father, John Parke
Gusts, before mentioned, the latter hav-
ing purchased it on December Is, 1778.
from Gerard Alexander, paying 1,100
pounds in Virginia currency for the
tract, which then contained 1,10O acres.
The old mansion after lapse of more
than century and quarter, seems to
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-01-03
Wire YOUR
OHRSE'eSSRRHiaEl.

Wire your congressman Immediately TO adopt
legislation that will provide years pay for every
honorabiy discharged service man he is returned
TO civilian life
Let's not have any bemedaled apple peddlers after
this war
Register your protest against the neglect Of the
wounded disabled and mentally sick of the armed
forces who have been discharged without any pro-
vision for their and treatment
Telegraph your congressman ITO act Immediately
20 provide years pay for those brave who have
fought and bled to preserve the American way of life
This is urgent. Telegraph today.
Iite Tine congressman thi, Fr~t District
Gcfl. g. SadoUS5. second Far\C Kitchener. sixth William
L. Eaeertt Seventh Jesse p Wo.cot eighth Fred T. Crav-
lol1. tenth Roy O Woodr. thirteenth George ID OBuen
fourteenth Louis R4baut fifteenth john T. Dngeni
te Uti Joll >l-rpeaFt. fturtrrU.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-01-03
New Guinea
.D:sEbS Doomed

GEN. MacARTHUR'S HQ N NEW GUINEA,
Jan.3 UNS)-Jap forces trapped on the north coast
OF New G8ifea through astuplisc landing operation
by troops Of the United States Sixth Army faced
humiliation today.
The amphibous operation effected dawn Sunday
under Of heavy bobardment bewldered the laps
and The landing SaIdor carried out without loss
lauk troops swept ashore onto three beaches and
promptly seized the halbor and aricds the rs
miles northwest Of the Allied base of Fiushhafen and 80
mules southeast of the important Jap base Of Madang
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-01-03

some are manned, some are
victims of nervous exhaustion
the new term for shell-shock
some are sufferers from heart.
--r----r---r--,-. 7rr-fr-T TIT 'vy-7OUS
disorders Most of them have
been discharged from American
camps. a small number are
battle casualties, Just released
frem government hospitals.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-01-03
Must Be Pampered

Because of shattered nerves.
NSIdly unpleasant memories. they
cannot boz placed luSt anywhere
New Jobs must bC created OF
openings found where they can
be- used best. NOT tor The good 8t
industry primarily hut tor their
welfare
Then There are those who have
lost arms on hands or fingers. feet
on legs eyes or hearing. They
Too must be Seit->u>tdnug
il is serious problem 10 man
agemont and 10 labor but ts
CONTINUED on Page >. Col. p
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-01-03
City Rejects
Race Fee of
$1,000 Day

Mayor Jeffries today fatty re-
iected an offer of the Detroit
Racing Association 10 pay a
straight fee Of $1,000 day DUR
ing It's season instead of the
mayors proposed 5 per cent ex-
wise tax on pari-mutuel betting.
Clarence r. Lhr. representative
OF the association, and David
Crowley. counsel, declared the tax
would put the Detroit track out
of business, and submitted a
financial statement of this sea-
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-01-03
ISL BLOCkBUSTERS

Wave after wave OF Britain ~
biggest bOmbor> crashed two and
f6UT-tUU blockbu~tcrS and thou
sands Of inccndiaries down on
Berlin in the pre-daWn raid.
sticking old fires and sending
new CONGREGATIONS racing through
the world most bombed city
Although tho main targets app
parently lay I'm The citys indus
rNai outs kIrt~ bombs We're
dropped M the already devastated
confer oil the capital Swedish re-
ports said Tire Relch~Ch3UCclicry
fronts on WfIhelm>platz not far
from The battered Wlhclm>uaS>e
and inter den Linden
other reports originating IN
France SAID tine German govern
meuf ha1 trdercd evacuation 0t
another ! 100000 women. children
-tnd aged -Iom Berlin virtually
Continued ON Page ,, Col. -
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-01-03

Nazis Say They're Moving
Westward in Russia

NEW YORK Jan. ? GNS) An
other d vices 70 explain away
their various retreats ln Russia
having been tried The Germans
found a new one today
Taken from q Naz news report
received boz Stockholm and relayed
Ny NBC. the FORMULAS was
Our eastern front from
Nitebsk 60 the Black Sea -
moving westward
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-01-03
Yanks Meet Slight Resistance

The entire landing force described "sizabe "
Ihe-troups met only light resistance which quickly
brushed aside.
Captured Sador is about 100 miles northwest Of
Butcher Point from which Australian troops which seized
Fnshhaen advancing crush the Japs in wise
formed by the ncwly-landed Americans
The trapped laps confined in narrow coastal
corridnr little than hrce mes Rlde On ono LES