davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1944-11-17
War Fund Workers
Sill Have Hopes Of
Attaining Their Goal
CompQion OffieioIIy
Closed but $73.S9I in
Gifts Will Be Sought

The 1880 900 Community War
Fund drive stood oficially closed
today with $4,776.109, subscribed,
representing 984 per cent of the goal
and the largest amount of money
ever raised in Washington's 17-yeaH
history Of community drives.
Campaign leaders hope to raise
the remaining $73,891 by next We'd
nesday through quiet solicitation Of
an estimated 14,500 contributors not
yet reached.
I'VE are not through" Herbert L.
Willett, jr., executive director of the
fund, said. There is no reason why
we should not get this $73,891."
Postcampaign Meeting.
Mr.. Willetts explained to solicitors
attending the final report meeting
In the United States Chamber Of
Commerce yesterday that last year
nearly $4,000 was contributed
between the official close of the
campaign and Thanksgiving Day.
For that reason, campaign leaders
have scheduled meeting at pm.
Thanksgiving Eve. Wednesday, at
war fund headquarters, 1l01 M street
NV, to count the postcampaign
gifts.
The estimate of 14,5o0 givers still
to be reached came from team lead
ers, who estimated 5000 Federal erar
ployes not yet solicited; business die
vision, $500, and residential solici-
tors, 1000. Number of contributors
since the Campaign opened October
Is, Mr.. Willett said, has been 381 ,976.
Coleman Jennings, campaign
chairman, emphasized that he had
kept his promise to close the public
campaign yesterday, whether the
full goal was reached or not. He
praised the 10000 solicitors, who
raised "the largest amount of money
ever collected" in Washington's IL
year history of community drives.
Asking for additional contributions
to put the war FUND over its goal
by Thanksgiving, Mr.. Jennings said:
This is genuine attempt to
make Thanksgiving Day a victory
day for the war fund-to give WASH
ington a chance to celebrate
Thanksgiving with the conscious
ness that this victory has made
possible many thanksgiving days for
many people through the world this
coming year."
Praise for Counties.
The campaign leaders praised the
four counties associated with WASH
ington in the drive, who reached
5000 more contributors than the
1900 reached last year. All coun-
ties oversubscribed their quotas by
at least Is per cent. The three Dis
trict divisions have not yet made
their quotas.
4 County totals are: Prince Georges
!. $46, ,977-23 per cent oversubscribed;
; Arlington, s41,294 - l79 per cent
over; Fairfax, s46 ,969-17 per cen
over. and Montgomery. SIP, ,16s-1,
. per cent over. @
, District division totals are: Gov
: ernment, $2,357 Gil - SO per cent
business, 1886, 6,655-97.9 per cent
and residential, s574,130 - "a PEI
: cent.
Evening star., 1944-11-17
|187De|inqueneyCase
Listed for 3 Months
In Prince Georges
II Offenses Committed
By koncounty Juveniles,
Survey DiscIoses

A total Of 1877 cases Of juvenile
delinquency were reported in Prince
Georges County for the three
month period beginning with July,
q survey conducted by The Bulle-
tin, monthly publication of the
Prince Georges County Police Boys
Club, shows.
OF these, however, II ofienses
were committed by non-county
Juveniles, reducing the strictly
county" juvenile cases to 116, 1t was
explained.
A breakdown of county cases re-
vealed that 43 offenses were re-
ported in July, 43 in August and 80
in September. The Bulletin attrib-
uted the drop in September to the
opening of school.
The survey said 4S of the 1l6 Of
fenses were committed by colored
children. Only eight of the 116 Of
fenses involved girls, none of which
was sex case.
A further breakdown showed the
offenses were committed in the fol-
lowing age groups:
Age 8, one case; age 8, two cases
10, six cases; IL, one case; IL, six
cases; 13, six cases; ID, twelve cases
Is, seven cases; l6, twenty -one
cases: II, twenty-seyen cases; 18,
eight cases; 10, twelve cases, and
20, seven cases.
The offenses, of which five were
committed by members of the Po-
lice Boys Club. ranged from dis
orderly conduct to assault with q
dangerous weapon.
Declaring the rate of law VIOLA
tions involving Police Boys Club
members for the three e-month period
was only about a tenth of per
cent, editors of the Bulletin cited
these figures to support their con-
tention that the club Is q "prac-
ticai and effective preventive OF
il1vopiIe do1iunt1aprv
Evening star., 1944-11-17
Frederick Residents
Limited on Wuter Use
BY the Associated Press.

6y tIle ASSoCIhItu FleSS-
FREDERICK, Md, Nov. 1.-THE
water shortage is so bad in Fred
erick these days that it Is unlawful
to use city water to scrub your porch
or wash your car.
A decree issued by Mayor Hugh v.
Gittinger bans all but most neces-
sary use of water from the city's
mains. The shortage has been caused
by drop in supplies from the water
source at Fishing Greek and a cur.
tailment of output from the Linga-
more filtration plant while new in.
stallations are being made.
Evening star., 1944-11-17
New Polio Case Reported

A new case of poliomyelitis, a 5.
year-old girl from Arlington, was
reported today at Children,s Hos
pital. The Health Department said
the new case raised the total in
Metropolitan Washington since July
l to 331.
Evening star., 1944-11-17

"a g ~ . ~ "a = "
American troops,
In the Vosges
foo t hills in
F. ra nee until
they were res
cued by in
fantrymen, has
" ritten his
mother that his
group flew so
low tn a t the
German anti
aircraft guns
" ere firing
doWnhiu at u.s.
LIT. Gtll,s
Evening star., 1944-11-17
ing men reported

Apperson, Bentley
Monroe, William r
Lilliard, William D.
Harris, Lloyd W.
Greenwood, Cecil r.
Morgan, Maloney
Gilfillan, j. M, jr.
CHM, w. A., jr.
Bonamarte, E. L.
Bayol, Jules, jr,
Tomlin, Thomas E.
Fisher, George H.
Martin, David w.
Payne, Donald E.
Robey, Milton E.
Waddell, Leach E.
Harris, E. S., jr.
Poladian, j. H., jr.
Butts, Raymond B.
Hall, George W.
Harlow, Curtis r.
King, Robert K.
Reynolds, John r.
Cliff, Charles M.
Evening star., 1944-11-17
Al From Alexandra
Inducted Into Service

A group of Al men was indicted
into the armed forces from Alexan-
dria today, rs of them 18-year-olds
and % fathers, many of whom have
been reclassified in the last few
weeks. This Is the only November
induction from the city. The follow
ing men reported.
Evening star., 1944-11-17
Yonks Flew So Low Nuzi Guns
Fired Down Hill, 1t. Gill Suys

It. William Fl. GIL, jr., Silver
Spring bomber pilot whose unit
dropped supplies to = detachment
Evening star., 1944-11-17

mother, Mrs. II. Wn. II. GsH.
Howard =. daul, STA Colesville
Evening star., 1944-11-17

Burner, W. L.. tr.
Seese. Robert M.
Bright, Harry N.
Clemetns. Luther H.
Childress, c. F..
Duncan, Samuel G,
Smith, Rufus E.
Brula, Stephen
bennington, Samuel
Colasanto, Michael /
Peyton, Howard C.
Rich. James w.
Layne, Albert D.
Haas, Fred p, jr.
Fletcher, Frank A.
johnson, George r.
Shamburg, John M.
Robinson, Joe B.
McEWan, Robert R.
Mcdonald. Forist ],
Jackiel, Joseph
Breeden, Harm
Moore, Walter p.
Evening star., 1944-11-17

The next regular blood don
visit will be November "a.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1944-01-29
Disagreement Over Effect
Of Jap Atrocity Stories

Washington, Jan. 29.-(AP)-ITopc
mat relentless publicity may force
Japan'S war lords to cease the tor
ltirc and murder of helpless Amer
lcan prisoners was tempered in high
quarters of the government today
by grove concern that il might have
an opposite effect.
These two reactions. inquiry re-
Vealcd, stem from fundamental
disagreement involving chiefly the
armed services and Office of War
information over the wisdom the
fh'lippine atrocity story. jointly is
sued by the War and Navy Depart
incntS yesterday after being held
secret for many months.
but whatcvcr the reason behind
me disclosure, so far as its effect on
INC Japanese may be concerned, Of
liclals agreed that no single am
.n"unccmcnt has so infuriatcd the
american people or produced such
pl'lcr determination for vengeance
SINCE word flashes over the wire
,,wo years ago that Pearl HarbOr had
been attacked.
whether the announcement signal
ca q new policy remained uncertain
IN the absence of any official COM
n,tment on that point. IL was con
s'0ered certain, however, that other
Henderson daily dispatch., 1944-01-29
76 Nurses
Are Prisoners
Of Japanese

Washington. Jan. 29-(AP)-Scv-
cnty women rurScS Of the army and
navy apparently arc still prisoners
OF the Japanese. captured when the
Philippines fell.
Army files show that sc army
nurses arc prisoners. Persons re-
Gently returned 10 this country in
AN exchange of intcrnccs, saw that
ten navy nurses brought into Ma
Mia in carly 1912 (possibly taken
=: the time naval installations in tho
Manila area were capturcd) also
arc held by the enemy.
The army nurses arc of the VAL
iant little band OF women who
through the long. hot despairinp
days Of the Batan campaign nursed
more than 5000 wounded and sicle
Ihcn on April :. 1912. they were
taken to temporary safety at the
fortress Of Ccrrigidor. until that
fortress was taken by the enemy a
month later.
a total Of 88 army nurses were
on Bataan and Corregidor as the
ncninslila campaign began TO draw
10 \ close. On June 1. 1912. Con-
cral Macarthur reported thai %
nurses had arrived in Australia and
'hat nearly all' of them cscaned
only few days before the fail NJ
Corregidor. ~
Henderson daily dispatch., 1944-01-29

nc rt-SjCkCning incidents were still
tO be told.
The question of fundamental gov
crnmCnt policy was further compli-
Gated by the apparent lack Of Il full.
on-thc-rCCord explanation OF why il
was finally decided TO put out the
report of the Philippine tragedy.
However. this apparently was the
situation:
Aftch the three officers who made
the report N. d escaped from the
Philippines in the fall of 1912. re-
turned 60 Washington and recorded
their experiences. there began long
debate inside the government over
whether The information should be
made public.
Officials of the Owl. whose Job it
is 10 inform the American people Of
the kind of enemies they face, argued
in favor Of release on the ground
that the people nTvc right TO know
the full facts.
Opposition 10 this position came
largely from the armed services.
Many high officers felt thm this dis
closure might bring further torture
and suffering for the prisoners who
survived ~ Japanese hands and also
Nigh, interfere with diplomatic cf-
Iorts " improve their conditions.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1944-01-29
Famous Editor
Dies Today

Emporia. Kansas. Jan. 29-(AD
William Allen White, famous cdi-
tor Of the Empora Gazette and
widely known as the sage of EN-
Doria.' died quietly today. He wa:
rs years old.
White had been in failing health
for nearly year. He entered the
Mayo clinic at Rochester, Mimi. last
October and submitted 10 major
operation. a month later he re-
turned 10 Emporia but was unable
to resume his usual duties.
White. who bought tho Gazette in
1895 with $4,000 he borrowed. was
the friend and counsellor of prcsi-
dents and governors. In his later
years he was an elder statesman oC
the Republican party. He wrote nu-
mcrous books. most of which con-
CcrnCd politics and political figures.
Funeral arrangements have not
Leen made.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1944-01-29
VolkhovArm
Pushes Near
Warsaw Line
Action on Moscow
Line Wins Citation
From Marshal Stain

London, Jan. 90 (AP) -
Troops of Gnccral X. A. Mcrct-
skov S Nolkhov army drove to-
day toward the Lcningrad-
Pskov-Warsaw railway, single
rail avenue of retreat left to
the German forces bleow Len.
ingrad, after cutting the im-
portant Lcningrad-Nitbsk line
west of Lake linen and clear
ing the Moscow Leningrad
trunk railway of all but one
zone of resistance.
McrCtSkov'S moppng up opera
tionS on the Mcscow-L -Lcningrad rail-
way, ClimaXcd by the capture Of
Lyuban and four other stations on
The line, won q citation from Prem
;cr Satin iii special order OF The
day. Moscow said complete occu-
patton Of the railway was expected
hourly with the capture OF Chu-
dcvo, lSat Gcrman-hcld station IS
miles southeast of Lcningrad.
Stain said that the German gar
r!son in Chudovo lis cncirclcd and
- DClilS dnn!hllatcd.
General Lconid \. Govorov's
Lcningrad army, meanwhile, had
pushed down the cast-wcst outer
belt line below Lcningrad to within
81 miles of the EStonian border. the
Russian cOmmuniquc reported. and
also was dcploying 10 the south
from VOlo@ovo and Krasnogvar-
dclsi. capturing the towns of Re-
polka and kobrino, the latter Il
strongpoint II miles south Of Kras-
nosvardcisll on the railway TO Psllov
and Warsaw.
MerctSkov's left wing had cut the
LcnlnGrad-VitCbsk railway in al
least two places between the juno.
lion points 70 BatetSkaya and Dno,
according To the Moscow war buIlc-
tin. German forces remaining in
the scmi-circular arc of the Red
armies had only one rail retreat
opcn-thc Lcningrad-P d-Psl5ov-Warsnw
line 30 miles to the west, and
NeretskoV'S SncarhcadS were plrnr-
ing TO plug that gap as quickly as
possible
In his westward drive. Mcrctslzcv
had captured the town Of Starry
Shimsk. Just west of Lake linen.
10 peril the important rail junction
of ShimSk on tho rail line 10 Sta
raya Russia. German base south of
the lake on Il railway leading west
10 Dno and PSkov.
The Russian CommuniuHc gave
little news of fighting on other sec
tors of the long front.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1944-01-29
URGES RETURN OF
SEIZED PROPERTY

ll"ookcn, N, J.-Urging immediate
action. the Hubokcn Chamber of
Commerce has launched a nation
".d" move looking 10 the return To
PRIV L. ownership and local tax rolls.
at the close of the war, of the billions
"i dollars worth Of property taken
over by the government for war,
purposes.
I'm brochure treating extensively
ol In" famous "Hoboken piers case,
subject OF many Congressional COM
mi'i"c hearings, the organization
cites lis own community's bitter and
continuing experience" in a lruitlcss
'"cniy-two-ycar fight 10 regain a
Ndiu bic stretch of lis watcrtron;
property, taken over by the govern
mcnt III 1917 and retained ever since.
Warning that other communities
may lose in this war" as Hobokcn
d!d IN the first World War. the Ho-
bokCn Chamber estimates that Fed
crd control of the City'S piers term
maj mas cost the community over
Si2OO0.O0O in taxes and millions of
dollars in damage 10 local business
and employment.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1944-01-29
War Prisoner
Toll In Burma
Reported High

ChunGking. Jan. 29-(AP)-Thc
japanese GirdinG themselves for Ill"
battle Of Burma. are rushing con-
struciiOn Of railway from Thai
land Ia southern Burma al CAL
inuS expenditure of the lives of
British empire prisoners of war ard
Chinese civilians, according 10 re-
ports from reputable eye witnesses.
The railway is being cut through
some Of the worlds worst Jungle
dense masses Of luXuriart vcgcta-
;icn never before disturbed by white
man-and many Australians. British
and Indian prisoners and Chinese
forced labOrCrs were said 10 have
died where they worked and were
buried where they fell like dogs"
The reports. which came on the
heels of disclosures by Washington
mad London Of brutal Japanese
treatment OF prisoners. said four out
of every six Chinese engaged in
forced labor in the jungle Of Thai
land died and mortality among the
Europcans was as high or higher.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1944-01-29
' engeance Vowed
On Pacific Coast
For Jap Atrocities

San Francisco. Jan. 80 - (AP) -
Vows of vengeance and demands
for rctributiOn swept the war-con-
SciouS Pacific coast today as the re-
actions of horror TO the stories OF
Japanese atrocities mounted 10 ncw
heights.
SO acute was the feeling in many
localities on the west coast. home
oi more than 100000 persons of jap
ancestry prior TO Pearl Harbor. that
1t. DCioS {. Emmons. commanding
general OF the western defense COM
mand. cautioned against individual
retaliation in this country.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1944-01-29
Frankfort Raid Is Largest
In Sth Air Force History
Second Successive
RAF Blow at Berlin
Made Friday Night

London, Jan. % - (AP) -
The Eighth Army air force
sent the greatest number Of
heavy bomberS in its history
well over S00-in a thunderouS
assault aga n ) / industrial
Frankfort today even as Ber-
lin smoked and burned anew
from last nights second heavy
RAF blow in row.
Fighter escorts probably number
ing several hundred accompanied
and assisted the Libcrators ard
Flying FortrcsscS in the blow at
the highly-IndustrialiZcd German
city. Losses were not announced
immediately.
Swedish reports said the complete
evacuation OF burning Berlin was
contemplated. and The NaziS clamp
cd tight censorship on details of
the second successive devastating
RAF blow TO mop up the rubblc-
Strcwn capital.
MI Swedish correspondents made
II clear the attack was one of the
S"yCrCSt yC, directed against Berlin.
Although 'hc air ministry'S C0u-
muniquc gave few details, there was
little doubt this second successive
assault IN the mOpping up opera
tons against the battered and torn
city Was Il paralyZing blow.
NaIi sources themselves ackuo'yl-
edged every large damage"
1t was the third raid by Allied
heavy humbCrS from Britain ia ci
houra-iollOwing close on the Amer
lean daylight stroke YESTERDAY
against mystery targets nj the Pas
dc Calais coastal region of Frame.
II brought the total bomb weight
on Ecrlin since the start of the
campaign Nov. rs 10 about 10000
long tons of CXpIcSivCs-approxi-
ma'ciy twice the amount that WITS
required TO dcvaStatC Hamburg, u
city less than half as big.
The 18th attack on Berlin came
while thC Germans were giving
London the Tooth alert of the war.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1944-01-29
Georgia Vote
Bill Not AS
Good AS N. G.
In The Sir Walter Hotel.
Daily Dispatch Bureau.
BY LYNN NJSBET

Raleigh, Jan. 29.-First copy OF
the Georgia Soldier-vOting law 10
reach North Carolina officials show
ed up on Attorney General Harry
McMull1n's desk Friday. Mcmillan
h. not had time to study il but per-
mIttcd the newspaper boys 10 look it
over. Cursury reading indicates that
despite Il lot OF Dragging about what
Georgia has done 10 give the sol
dlcrS voting privilege, the provisions
are still less adequate than those III
effect III North Carolina.
Instead OF being handled by the
regular election machinery, the SOL
der vote will be administered by q
special War Ballot Commission. There
Is no provision fox q secret ballot, and
all soldier ballots must be voted al
al the court house precinct rather
than in the home precinct OF the
voter. Provision IS made for regis
tratIOn by mail and poll lax pay
mcntS for service men arc viewed for
the duration.
Because IN Georgia primaries and
conventions normally come closer 10
election day than IN this state, the
regular statute governing these dates
Is suspended and parties may Out are
not required tu) hold nominating
conventions and primaries Il more
convenient times.
Meantime, the North Carolina State
Board OF Elections has been called by
Chairman JoynCr 10 meet IN the hall
of the house of representatives at
RWclgn next Wednesday, February
>. at II o'clock Ia adopt rules and
regulations for facilitating the sol
Henderson daily dispatch., 1944-01-29
Abdication OF
kirlg Is Asked

New York, Jan. 29.-(AP)-ThC
Bari radio announced that a congress,
of five anti-:asciSt Italian parties
opened in that southern Italian city
today in an atmosphere OF "patrio-
tism and enthusiasm aTi that alb
dication of King Vittnri Emmanuclc
was Immediately ISkcd by BcncclCttu
Crocc, veteran Italian philosopher.
Crocc was named president of the
conference, said the broadcast as re-
ported by the L. S. foreign intClli-
gcncc service. and nc was quoted as
declaring in his opening address that
Italy wants a SERIOUS government
a capable and honest administration
and Il worthy place in the European
community of nations.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1944-01-29
Troops Near
Appian Way
And Railway
Nazis Suffer Badly
From Air Attack on
Shipping of Allies

Allied Headquarters, Algicrs,
Jan. 20 - (AP) - American
beachhead troops, striking to-
ward the Appian Way and the
main rail line to the Cassino
front. have advanced to within
light artillery range of Cister-
MA aStridc both arteries ii
miles north of Anzio, it was an
nounccd today.
AT the same time other Allied
forces pushing north from Anzio up
the AcziatC road captured a bridge
Two miles beyond Carruccto where
the British routed a German unit
thursday. This Allied force was
about 10 miles southeast Of Rome.
ana Twelve miles north of Anzio
The Germans launched heavy air
attacks against shipping on the
Dcachhcad yesterday and again suf-
iercd badly at the hands of the AL
lied air forces which shot down u
enemy planes over the area.
Fourteen more plares were shot
down during Il heavy bomber raid
on Fclrara. The days total bag
N"S az -N't|s I!t!a4l LOT a loss OF
five Allied planes.
Violent fighting ragged north of
Casino where American tanks and
Infantry hacked out gains agaist
fierce opposition and repeated coun-
ter-attacks. Farther north. French
troops seized two hills north of Bel
Ncdcrc mountain and smashed down
three German counter thrusts.
Action on the fan-shaped invasion
front brought spectacular artillery
warshipS supported the drive as
fire from British and American
well as great aerial duels.
The navy reported that the Ger
mans had been pushed back out of
| range OF guns of destroycrs. but still
were being hammered by cruisers.
| which reach between seven and
/ eight miles inland. Naval guns also
/ blasted at Formia. on the Gulf of
Gaeta TO the south, and continued
! their haTasSing fire into the night.
Fighting was waged in a driving
transform. but in spite of the wca-
| thcr sky battles over the beach,
head continued in violence un-
| matched since the last stages of tho
TuniSian campaign.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1944-01-29
Spain Must
Choose Side

Washington. Jan. 29-(AF)-Thc
implication today of the Allied Chok-
ing off of oil shipments TO Spain
was that unless General Franco
stopped helping the axis, other
drastic blows may follow.
In effect. The action announced
by The State Department yesterday
told Franco that il is time for him
10 decide which team he wants to
play with. and act accordingly.
Bv hitting Spaiu'S economic SyS-
tenn. the concerted move apparently
was intended 10 force Franco out
Of .hc paradoXical situation where
Spai" has been u mon -bclligCrCnt'
showing warmncSS toward the Al
lies as war progressed in their favor.
yet continuing ~ aid the aXis.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1944-01-29

mcn' orders for tho employer and
the VINO will refuse to assist in thc
procurement ni uthc. employees.
)r. Dorton said. 1T is a terrible
thing Tor morale The man in uucs-
lion believes that since his employer
has refused tu let him work until thc
'imc he goes into the army there
VIII bC no guarantee that his lob
viii TIC waiting for him after the
war. II is a very unpairiotic practice
and we arc going TO fight ii 10 the
,nd.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1944-01-29
MANY ATTEND BUTNER
RELIGIOUS SERVICES

Camp Butncr, Jan. 29.-A total of
il.1'6 soldiers attended the 212 re-
HGIuuS services conducted at the
Camp Butncr chapclS during Dec
rmhcr, says a report To the Fourth
Service Command chaplain in Allan
Ia. covering chaplainS' activities 1t
TINS post for the month.
In addition TO the services in the
pos; chapcls, the chaplains conducted
three services in civilian commun-
ihcS near the camp. Other activities
outlined in the report included: 63G
personal interviews. 203 hospital
visits TO soldier patients. 10 welfare
cases handled. one soldier marriage
performed, and one baptism.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1944-01-29

These three at0lls in Japan'S GEN.
trail Pacific baSiicn have between
them undergone 73 raids i'm the last
two months. Last night the navy
curily told of the latest raids which
occurred Thursday:
"WOtiC was attacked i'm the after
noon by medium bombcrs. Fires were
started among ground facilities.
olive bumbcrS and fighters made
late afternoon attack on Mill,
bombing and S,rafing It's airdromc
installations and gun cmplaccmCnt5.
One of our dive bombcrs was shot
down.
"Hcavy bomhcrs dropped more
than 20 tons of bombs on TurOa, in
the NHloCl p a,ull. at dusk, causing
damage i'm the cantonmCnt area. All
of our plane returned"
The Marshall blastCrs extended
their punchca 10 Nauru, an island
west OF the GllhCrtS and south of the
MarShalIs. giving i It's firS; pounding
since December %. Medium bomb
crS attacked ground instalL.t tiOnS in
daylight assaults.