davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1944-12-27

The completion in just over two
months of the conquest of Leyte Is
land is a splendid tribute to the fight
ing power of the American forces
under the command of Gen. Macarthur
and to the leadership and military
ability of Macarthur and his immediate
subordinates-Lt Gems Kreuger and
Kenney and Vice Admiral Kinkaid
This Is a clear-cut victory over the
Japanese all the way around. It in
volved the defeat Of the Japanese Navy,
with heavy losses, by the American Pa
cific Ocean forces under Admiral Nimitz,
with Admiral Halsey's Sd Fleet bearing
q major part as we'll as Kinkaid's 7th
Fleet. It involved the smashing Of the
Japanese air power In the Philippines,
again with Sd Fleet carrier-based air
craft doing a great deal of the work.
As for the Leyte operation itself, we
have seen the American 9Th Army, In
cluding seven divisions all told, under
Kruger, carry out an operation which
involved no less than the destruction OF
the Japanese 35th Army, which left on
its lost battlefields no less than $4,000
dead, and is estimated to have lost an
other $4,000, largely in the sinking OF
transports endeavoring against every
sort of odds to bring reinforcements to
Leyte. This has been accomplished at
cost Of no more than $500 American
dead and 8,400 wounded. Well indeed
has Gen. Macarthur earned the five
stars Of a general OF the Army.
Nor did he wait to complete the final
mopping up OF Leyte before extending
his grip on the Central Philippines.
There seems no doubt that the Leyte
operation, both In It's initiation and In
the date Of It's completion, is we'll ahead
OF schedule; the advance to Mindoro Is
certainly beyond the timetable plans,
weeks II not months ahead Of the time
when 1t was thought possible that we
should be established on the western
edge Of the Philippine Archipelago. It
must not be forgotten that this unex-
heavy strain on the whole trans-Pacific
supply system, demanding more ship
ping, more base material, quicker turn
around and enormous quantities Of sup
piles Of all sorts, with constant revision
OF shipping priorities, entailing all along
the way from San Francisco and Seattle
to the Philippines q vast amount Of
heartbreaking labor on the part Of
every one concerned, but 50 far the
demands are being met, the supplies are
coming through, the fight is being car
ried to the enemy.
It remains to be seen what the enemy's
reaction will be. He can hardly hope to
drive US out Of Leyte. II none Of his
counterenorts could avail while there
was stu Q Japanese Army fighting "a the
Evening star., 1944-12-27
Confidence Expressed

Confidence Expressed
To the Editor Of The Star:
From whence came "our easy opti-
mism" In regard to winning the war
against Germany?
Well, to be perfectly frank, 1t came
from the propaganda machine which
foolishly has been telling us that the
German war factories have been
bombed of the map. that the Russians
have been killing or capturing from
5000 to 10000 Germans daily. that our
airmen have been shooting down Ger
mans like helpless sparrows, ETC., etc.
However, despite such misleading
propaganda, and also the present Ger
man drive, I, for one, have no uneasi-
ness about the final outcome OF this
war. know that II the three great
nations of Russia. England and the
United States finally do not whip the
single and comparatively smaller ma
ton Of Germany. 1t will be either be-
cause they do not want to do so, or be-
cause Divine Providence actually Is with
the Germans-which, OF course, is alb
surd. j. ]. sPERRY..
Evening star., 1944-12-27
Frosted Window

Upon radiant loom OF polished glass.
And into upright todrp OF oltstsn.n1
iDhfte,
Skilled icy fingers ,Dope q mystery
Throughout the frozen Intervals o1
night.
The crystal bobbin pound With crystal
thread
Flashed In and out White magic
came In ptew,
Design OF foiDer, spsre and lsatv trond.
A. inch bv inch the fabric ,Dondsr
0retr.
1y daton, II seemed, the once familiar
room,
70 ~ % trurmlv intimate, had pTotDn
So t0pestTisd and 20 c0thedrGl-ltks
We scascslv dared to ciatm Il - our
Own. ROSE NYNA YHu1no.
Evening star., 1944-12-27
The End on Leyte

/ -" 80 oihJ b"uet "Ahb bitN Shph-
nese should seek to minimize the
Importance of Leyte now that Gen.
eral MacArthurs men. with splen-
did assistance from the Navy, have
seized full control Of that strategi-
cally located member Of the Philip
pine Island group.
The Japanese commander In the
Philippines. General Tomoyukl Yam
ashita. who was going to demand
General MacArthut's "uncondltion-
al surrender" dismlsses the loss Of
Ieyte as a matter of small impor-
tanee. why should japan worry
about an island or two--we've got
lots of them" WAS his comment.
But that was not the Japanese line
while they were still fighting for
Leyte.
Some two weeks ago The Tokyo
radio. exhorting yamashitn's troops
to greater effort. said that. for ia
pan. the battle for Leyte WAS mot
battle which decides whether we
lose one corner Of the Philippines.
but IT Ia a great decisive battle on
which the life OF the Greater East
Asia war depends. for II decides
whether we lose our sea routes to
Our southern regions That un-
u'lestlonably comes closer TO repre-
senting the real Japanese estimate
OF Leyte's Importance than does the
after he-event comment Of the de-
feated General Yamashita.
The best evidence OF this IL 10 be
found, not in Japanese words, but
in Japanese deeds. They fought des-
perately TO throw the Americans
out OF Leyte. The futile defense OF
the island, and OF neighboring
Samar, cost them 113,221 men. Our
own losses In killed, wounded and
missing were 11217. The Japanese
risked their dwindling navy in a
bold attempt to cripple the Ameri-
can invasion. and 1t was badly
trounced. In addition, the Japanese
have lost 2,74o planes in the fight,
Al transports and 27 warships-a
toll which does not include the en-
emy losses in the Leyte Gulf naval
battle on october rs.
BY any standard, that Is a high
price to pay for an unsuccessful at
tempt to hold an island or two,
when Japan, as General Yamashita
would have us believe, has so many
islands. The truth is, Of course,
that Japan was not fighting for
Leyte as such. What was worrying
the Japanese was the grave threat
to their north-south shipping lanes
which grows out Of the loss Of Leyte
and the landing on Mindoro.
In their home islands, the Japa-
nese look to this shipping route to
bring them between seventy and
eighty million tons year of water
borne-cargo, including about rs per
cent of their indispensable oil sup
plies. They also must depend
to large extent on the water route
to send requirements and supplies
to their garrisons in the South Pa
cific, Burma, Malaga and China.
Consequently, any American lodg-
ment in the Philippines, which
brings nearer the day when Amer
lean surface raiders, planes and SUBJ
marines, will cut that supply line
necessarily is a matter of gravest
concern to Tokyo.
Perhaps that is why Emperor HI
rohito told the opening session OF
the Japanese Diet yesterday that
the war situation is becoming
more critical" despite the mag
nif1cent achievements of the Japa-
nese Army and Navy in destroying
the powerful enemy"
Evening star., 1944-12-27
Atlantic Charter Discussed

SAhoASlS NAl01 ISI DiSCuSSSO
To the Editor Of The star
II the President wants to sacrifice
the Atlantic Charter on the altar Of
expediency, then in Heavens name
let him be frank about it, instead Of
pretending the charter never was
signed.
If the words Of Mr.. Churchill and
Mr.. Roosevelt-the heads of two great
countries-cannot be trusted in this
matter, then their words cannot be
trusted in any other matter, any time.
anywhere.
The people Of this war-weAry world,
with the blood Of their children cry
ing from the ground, are begging for
the bread OF hope. They are being
given only the stone Of despair
PAULINE D. TAYLOR.
Friendly, Md.
Evening star., 1944-12-27
OVERALL Objective

From the st. Louis Post Dispatch.
After our full need OF unhappy ex-
perience under the present policy, surely
1t is time to ask the farm bloc to con-
slider the long-run interest of farmers.
rather than their immediate interest In
cotton and wheat subsidies.
Evening star., 1944-12-27
A Marines Best Wishes

To the Editor Of The Star:
lay In the United States Naval
Hospital, New River. N. c.. suffer-
ing with . broken ankle, and I re-
allied 1t would be impossible for me to
be home for Christmas. But I also
thought Of the many men who will be
on the front lines, fighting for what
they know Is right. They, too. would
not be able to be home on the sacred
day.
30 say to the fighting men wher-
ever they may be, In France, Germany,
Italy. or in the South Pacific: ITO each
and every one Of you, wish you the
best Of luck In lo45. Whatever be your
task. may It soon be done-so that you
all will be home Tor many . Christmas
to come"
0oRPL4 D. =. GLASS, o. 3. N. q.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-09-16
Virginia College
President GiDen
Praise For Work

INSTITUTE, w. Va. - President
John w. Davis Of West Virginia
State college was the recipient OF
many congratulations upon the COM
pletion Of his twenty-fifth year as
head of the nationally known edu'
cational institution. On Sept. j,
1914, President Davis began his
twenty-sixth year.
Interviewed in the midst OF his
numerous activities in the interest
OF the state and the nation, the dy-
manic executive of the frequently
cited Land Grant College expressed
his chief concern with the continued
progress OF the educational record
made by the famous college OF the
Kanawha Valley. Her graduates are
engaged in all the varied works OF
the nation. More than 700 alumni
and alumnae are in the war service.
West Virginia State College Will
open this year on September IL.
An unprecedented number OF APP
plications for dormitory space in-
dicates large enrolment. Although
the military demands Of the nation
have taken many Of the boys who
normally would be registered in
classes, the prospective list both OF
pre-war males and those who have
been honorably discharged from the
service 10 take advantage OF the
rehabilitation program will give
fairly high male enrolment.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-09-16
BY JOE FELMET.
Field Investigator, Workers
Defense League

A Workers Defense League In
vestigation in Fort Lauderdale
and other parts OF Broward coun-
". Fla. % miles north OF Miami,
revealed the false arrests OF APP
proximately IS Negro laborers on
alleged charges % vagrancy and
imposition without trials OF fines
ranging from $40 TO $35.
The mass arrests followed an
enforced labor decree by Sheriff
Walter Clark last September I'M
der which persons found idle on
the city streets were subject 70 ar
rest. About half OF the arrested
Negroes were members OF Local
1926. international Lon9shoremen's
Association tAFL). employed reg
ularly at Port Everglades. a COM
mercial harbor on the waterfront
AZ Fort Lsuderdale. and all, the
WDL investi CATION showed, pos
sessed means Of support. The Ne
groes obtained release from the
county Jail after paying fines ar
bitrarily imposed by the sheriff's
Office, without their ever appear
ing before a judge or having an
attorney TO defend them.
Fourteen men AMI women were
arrested on February 9. 1914.
when they refused to pick beans
on the farm OF Mayor Dewey
Hawkins Of Oakland Park. nine
miles north OF Fort Lauderdale.
after they determined that the
beans had been picked twice be-
fore and were not abundant
enough TO make the work profit
able 10 them. In the second case
which the WDL investigated, ap-
proximately IS men were arrested
on March "a and Is, 1914, in the
Negro business district o. Fort
Lauderdale during their hours of
from work.
Workers Tell Story
On the morning OF Wednesday.
February 2. driver with a truck
appeared in the Fort Lauderdale
Negro residential district for the
purpose OF securing group OF
Negroes 20 60 to the farm OF May
or Hawkins AZ Oakland Park %
pick string beans. The driver told
the persons who were assembled
that Hawkins was paying soc per
hamper for bean picking and that
he had "hrst and second pick
ingS"
Eight women. six men and Ave
children agreed 10 60 70 the Haw-
kins farm. When they arrived al
the farm, they waited until the
dew had dried and then prepared
10 90 out into the field 70 begin
picking. Various members of the
party inspected the field by walk
ing along the rows in order 70 de-
termine the abundancY OF the
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-09-16

would shoot them. He announced
10 them that he had q gun In his
possession and made u gesture to-
ward his pocket as il reaching for
It. the Negroes reported.
The Negroes offered to 20 back
to the field and pick enough beans
to pay Hawkins for the gas he had
used for the trip to Fort Lauder
dale. but Hawkins was not willing
to make such a compromise. say
ing Zlat he did not want them to
work il ne had 70 force" them.
He called his field walker and or
dered him 70 go after Chief Dep
uty Sheriff Robert H. Clark OF
Broward County. When Chief Dep
-uty Sheriff Clark and Florida
State Police officer arrived on the
scene, Hawkins asked Clark 10 ar
rest the Negroes. He said that he
did not want them 70 20 back TO
pick beans to pay for the gasoline.
and asked Clark to take them to
Jail
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-09-16
Race NeusreeLs
OF Troops Show
MUasion Roles

NEW YORK-Assistant Secretary
OF War John J. McCloy announced
that the War Department is taking
neWsreel footage OF the accomplish
ments Of Negro soldiers in France
and other parts OF the European
theatre OF operations. which will be
available TO all neWSreel companies.
In letter to Walter White, Mr..
McCloy stated. Carlton Moss, who
played the leading role in The Ne
gro Soldier" has been sent to the
European Theatre OF Operations by
the War Department. Mr.. Moss has
been working with Signal Corps
directors and cameramen filming a
comprehensive record Of the work
Of Negro soldiers both in combat
and in the vital job OF speeding
supplies to the front"
The information came in response
10 the NAACP's letter OF August "a
10 Secretary Of War Stimson asking
that the War Department do more
TO assure broad film coverage Of the
activities OF Negro troops. Newsreel
companies have been advised and
urged to make available this ma
terial. 1T is our hope" said Mr.
White, that you will utilize this
as far as possible for dis
tribution 10 white as well as Negro
theatres"
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-09-16
TEXAS WHITES
ATTACK NEGRO
FOR 10 TIN c

The charge that Cecil Poole. a
Negro resident Of Cameron. Texas.
was attacked by three white men
on the streets near the front Of the
Newton County court house because
he voted in the Texas Democratic
primary was made by Rev Aron
s. Gilmsrtin. national chairman of
the Workers Defense League IN q
letter 10 Assistant Attorney General
Tom c. Clark. requesting. IAN IN.
Nesugaiion OF the violation ~ the
civil rights OF Cecil Poole by the
Department Of Justice"
The letter further states that.
After the beating he was orue,ed
o. leave town and was later notified
that ne had been discharged a.
. member OF the Newton County
Agricultural Extension staff lie
had been employed by the County
for five years and had never had
any complaints against him before
this event The order 10 leave
Newton County was gwen 20 Poole
by q white bailin who observed the
attack on Poole
An investigation az the violation
OF civil rights 81 Cecil Poole by the
Department II Justice j. surely ~
order. The recen; decision of the
Supreme Court granting Negroes
the right 10 vote in primaries IS
meaningless. IL attacks Ike thls can
continue. II seems evident that
county officials were part Of the
attempt 10 drive Poole out Of the
county and 10 intimidste Negro
VOTERS"
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-09-16
OLDEST C.rlLEN BURIED

Mrs Sarah Alice Moore, "a. who
died al Hurley hospital Wednesday.
Aug. 80, was buried last WeK. Fu-
ne. al services were held at the Can
aan Baptist church with Rev James
Dudley officiating. The burial WIS
al Rivelrest cemetery. Mrs. Moore(
had lived in Flint Is years She was
born in Gaffney, S. C., the daughter
OF Eugene and Elisa beth Simpson.
She was married in Flint in 1927.
She was member OF Shiloh Bap-
tist church. Surviving are: husband,
William A.; father. Eugene +. Simp-
son, two sisters of Chicago and Phil
adelphia. Pa, and seven children
Sheridan Galloway. A. who also
died at Hurley hospital. Sept 2, was
buried Saturday. Funeral serv-
ices were held from Mt Olive Bap-
fist church. The Rev. r. r. Turpin
officiated. Burial was in Riverrest
cemetery. Surviving are; mother,
Mrs. Katie Galloway; two brothers,
one Of Texarkana. Ark; the other,
Augustus Galloway, two sisters.
nieces and nephews Of Flint
John William Lyons. SO, SIS f.
Wellington, who died Sept. 4. was
buried Thursday. Sept 7. Funeral
services were held at Quinn Chapel
AME. church, where he was d
member with the Rev W. A. Order
officiating. Burial was at RiverreSt
cemetery. He was born in Leslie.
Mich. and lived in Flint for more
than % years. He was a barber and
noted for his skill i'm ice skating
He taught many to skate. Surviving
are; wife. Mamie Lyons. two sis
tiers Of Mason. Mich; one Of Flint.
Mrs Edna Jones and several neph-
ews and nieces.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-09-16
NAACP Endorses
An Amended War
Surplus Bill

WASHINGTON. D. c. - The
NAACP sent wires 10 Congressman
John j. Cochran ID. st. LoulsD.
Charles l.. Clifford tR, Mass. and
George N Bender tR.. Ohio, en-
dorsing adoption Of the War Surplus
Property Bill. HR. SIPS. as amended
by the Senate August Is.
The bill in its present form in
cludes an amendment by Senator
Wagner prohibiting discrimination
IN the disposal Of surplus war prop
cry. 1t requires the head Of the
Surplus Property Administration to
devise ways and means and pre-
scribe appropriate regulations and
directives 10 prevent any discrimi-
nation against persons institutions
and corporations in the disposal,
distribution and use Of any govern
ment property covered by this Act
on account OF race, creed or color"
Other groups who have joined
with the NAACP in endorsing the
bill include: r. B. Atwood, secre-
tary, Association OF Presidents OF
Negro Land Grant Colleges; William
NJ Rich, president National Con-
ference OF Hospital Administrators
and Walter Ridley, president Of
American Teachers Association.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-09-16
F'OrmerGM Worker
Promoted To Pfc.
In South Pacific

Somewhere in the SCUM Pacific,
while serving at this island base
with an Engineer Dump Truck
Company, a unit of the Armys
Services OF Supply Forces. Edward
Graves. who formerly was employed
by General Motors. has been pro-
noted from private first class TO
technician fifth grade.
Corporal Graves IS serving with
unit that work both day and night
10 keep the stream Of men and
equipment moving to the fighting
fronts.
The son OF Mr.. and Mrs George
Graves, 1885 Waterloo street, Cor
po"al Graves entered the army
June l943. and came overseas JAN
uary 1914. He received basic train
ing at Camp Ellis, III.
He has three brothers in the serv-
ice, Pvt. George Graves and Pvt.
Harold Graves in the air corps;
CPL Oscar Graves.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-09-16
ADJOURN WRIT,
N AY NAME 5
IN WAR; AN 7

Hearing on writ for three men
and two women, accused OF a gamb-
ling conspiracy. was adjourned last
week until Sept. Is. II was disclosed
this week by Sergeant Clayton
Nowlin OF vice and racket squad.
Possibilities that warrants may be
issued against the six was also dis
closed by Nowlin. Those against
whom warrants may be issued are
Francis Roberts. 40. Of l405 Nc
Dougall. alleged head OF the mutuais
syndicate; Forest Gamble, AZ. of SOLO
Brush street. apartment II: Craig
Roberts, rs. OF 1892 Northfeld Mana
Watson. 80, and Dawn Watson, 20,
both OF 81 Trowbridge.
Claude Hurry. 80, OF $50 Chandler
was listed as a police witness in
the alleged conspiracy following a
police raid several weeks ago by
officers investigating the activities
OF the former B & o Mutusls Syn
dicate.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-09-16
Florida Negroes In
Mass Arrests Plot

beans. Their judgment was that
the beans were third pickings and
that they would not be able to
gather enough beans TO make the
work profitable. Their decision
was TO leave the Hawkins farm
and begin walking along the high
way in search OF another bean
field in which they might work.
Threatens Workers
But when they started toward
the highway, Hawkins met and
stopped them at bridge on his
farm road. He declared that he
was out Of patience with pickers
who walked away from his field.
He complained that he had used
valuable gasoline TO go after them
and told them they ought TO be
put across a log and stropped.' He
admitted that the beans had been
picked twice before. but insisted
that they were las good as first
and second pickings."
Hawkins threatened that. II any
OF them crossed, the bridge. he
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-09-16
Pushes Boy Friend
Thru Store Window

Walter Keys, %. OF 28s Harper
street told police that his girl
friend. Dolly Ross, OF POI f. Forest
avenue. had pushed him through
a store window.
He was treated a. Receiving hos
pital FOR a lacerated forehead and
right hand.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-09-16
List Deaths OF
Five DetrOiters

Several Detroiters died last week
o. natural causes. so police records
disclosed this week. They we're Har-
riSon Otto Weary. 33. OF 202l Beau
bien street; Bobber Pullen. 81. Of
300 Erskine; Charity Graves. 48,
OF 603 Melbourne: Vera Johnson,
-, o. !7S42 Wexford and Eva Hous-
ton, as. OF 1901 Edison street.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-09-16
sERGEANTs, SEAMAN HOME

Sgt Olander Steele who was IN
Quoted in 1912 is home on furlough
10 visit his parents Mr.. and Mrs.
Mann Steele OF Wellington and
other relatives and friends. Sgt.
Steele is with the engineers. His
brother. Nelson Steele, pfc. who
was indicted last year, Is serving
in the medics al camp in Texas;
Sgt Orlander is in Camp Ellis, Ill.
X * X
Sgt Geo. w. Williams, indicted
this year. was here this week To
visit his parents Mr. and Mrs Geo.
w Williams Of Saginaw and Okie
Anderson. the Anderson family Of
Flint. The Sergeant did not talk
much. He has his Special Orders. "
He will see action soon. Corporal
Elliot Williams. brother, has been
somewhere in the $. Pacific. in the
Bougainville for more than Ia
months
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-09-16
WORLD WAR A, VETERAN HOME
Having seen much action in Mort

Africa. Italy and
Sicily Primous
! GiSt arrived
home last week
His mother, Mrs,
Ida Mae GIst. Of
W q ba sh. Ark
was here with
his wife a n d
many friends 10
greet him on his
arrival II is be-
lieved that ne
Will release a
story Of his ex-
perlenCe soon,
he has nothing
l,-Ant ., .
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-09-16
VISITS NEW YORK CITY

MIS-, Ethel Davis ~ Ninth street.
arrived last weekend from a week
IN New York City. N. Y. visiting
her sister, Mrs. Mary Wilson Of
Eighth avenue. up in Harlem. Mrs.
Wilson was highly entertained by
her sister and many new acquaint-
anceS The Finite had the pleas
ure OF meeting in person Father
Divine
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-09-16

the proud par
Cnts - Seaman
Walter Gilmore.
was officially in
for m e q that
their son Is on a
L. 5 Ship Of
war which was
chrIStened re-
Gently. Seaman
Gilmore and his
wife was here
visiting his par
ents last month.