davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1944-04-18
South Carolina Will End
Primary To Ban Negroes

Coluub'a. =. e. Nprl i"-NirD
South Carrlna l"gi-l. |c'cr-
min1truu 80 insure their dominant
Democratic party, traditional white
supremacy by d,vorCng prumaric,
and state government approached
lullillm"ui to-day Is more than 100
bill. repeating scores Of primary
laws nCmCd enactment.
"WC'll iiElu en- 1T the polls" Rep
rC,,nidtivc John -. Lone, al Union.
said 10 the possibility jh1i Che Nc
gro might t!y ~ vote IL vug White
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1944-04-18
Cologne Blasted
BY British Planes
In Night Attack S

London. April I8-(APD-RAr
Mesquite b"mbcrS blasted the
RhincIand city of Cologne last
night anh at | y. m. q a. m.
iNTl today the German radio
warned that enemy formations
are approaching northwest Ger
many"
The air ministry announced
mat one plane was lost during
the night operations. which also
included min" laying operations.
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1944-04-18
Knox Says
Jap Area To
Be Seized
Date of Invasion
Is Not Determined:
Pacific Is Active

Washington. April lS-tAP)
Invasion of a part Of the Jap
ancSc kurilc island chain reach
my north from the enemy home
land may be expected, Secretary
of the Navy Knox said today.
ASKED Il, - news conference vvhc-
'h"r II w1S likely that the United
States would attempt 10 take that is
land group IN the north Pacific. nc
replied. Sometime sure, but nobody
knows when"
The discussion was prompted by
the increasing regularity OF Amcri-
can bombing raids on islands i'm tho
rh'in. which rHicuds from the .Iapr-
rc=c mainland north L. the Russian
hhmChHtl.a peninsula.
Among tn" bases which have beer
struck frequently There. particularly
N the last ilNc daya, Is Ma'-uwa.
less than JOn mile. from thu MAIN
iauu Oi Japan.
hu">, discussing the war in the
Pacific, said that development,
have bern confined 10 bpmbIrti
mcni oi The kurilcN and continu-
iiig aerial assaults on enemy no
AitIuns cut off from Suppiirs in
the eastern MarShalIS, and the
regular bombing of the enemy
bases in tho Caroline islands
group including Truk and P0-
napc.
He said The Japanese evidently
were trying their best To Get some
supplies into the Isolated BASES IN
ihr CIa;ClA pui.i Ot the mlu-Parl,I,
MdrshallS, but without much suc-
cess. From SIX 10 ten DargcS 4 ,!ay
are being sunk as they attempt To-
ram supplies INTO the bases" thC
Navy secretary said.
Meanwhile. General Douglas
MacArlhur's southwest Pacific
headquarters reported new sue
ccSscs ny Allied air and ground
I0rccS in their OficnSivcS against
Japrn"S bases along the New
Guinea coast.
General MaCArthur'S daily COM
mun.qUr told OF Il heavy bombing
attack on llOllandIa. Dutch New
Guinea. where aIrdromcs were BLAST
cu and supply Installations. Icitics
AMI coastal Vessel were lett blazing
Australian ground fighters who
captured BO@HdIIm April -. have
progressed two miles along the 10.
mIIc-Iong road no!thward 10 NIadana
without cncoWntCrinG enemy upposi-
non. Australian imperial forces head
quarters reported. 1t appeared that
inc japanese were CVdCualIng the
area. officers SuId.
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1944-04-18
w IA 4 HEHk
IiOE NOKIIIIAKNIIN

FOR NORTH CARODINA
Increasing cloudy aud warmer
today and tonight, with scattered
showers and hundrr>hUwcrs
wednesday partly cloudy and
mild. with scattered showers IN
east pnrliOn>.
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1944-04-18

CCon'lnucd IN Page Fun
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1944-04-18

Meanwhile. General Douglas
MarArlhur'S southwest Pacific
headquarters reported new sue
ceSscs ny Allied air and ground
I"rccs in their OffcnSivcS against
Japrn"S bases along the New
Guinea coast
Evening star., 1944-10-26

his shirt sleeves. At his side was Miss
Grace Tully, his personal secretary.
He looked at the newsmen smilingly
and asked how they happened to be
sticking around at that time of day
(5:18 pm, EWT). Then he got to
business.
He called them in, he said. to give
them flash-and it is a flash.
Received Report.
Mr.. Roosevelt said he had just re-
ceived a call from Admiral William
D. Leahy, his chief of staff, who had
some news from the Navy. He picked
up a piece of paper from a desk
and read this penciled note:
The President received today a
report from Admiral Halsey that the
Japanese Navy in the Philippine
area has been defeated, seriously
damaged and routed by the United
States Navy in that area"
He read slowly No sooner had
he finished than the reporters were
running for their telephones. Two
of them checked themselves momen-
tarily at the study door to observe
White House tradition:
Thank you, Mr., President" "
That's the way all White House news
conferences end
Evening star., 1944-10-26
laps Admit Sinking
OF One Batt|eship,
Damaging Of Another
BY the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
The Japanese in a broadcast
today admitted one battleship
was sunk and another damaged
in fighting with American war
ships in the Leyte Gulf area.
The broadcast, which quoted an
imperial japanese headquarters
communique, was recorded by
the Federal Communications
Commission.
The communique referred to the
fighting on Leyte itself and de-
clared japanese forces had inter
cepted approximately three Amer
lean division landed south of Taclo-
ban and in the vicinity of Dulag
since October 20 and that fierce
fighting is continuing.
The imperial headquarters text
continued:
Our feet during the early dawn
Vi oCCOUcI I'd udoIiCu h1eo hEyLc
Gulf and carried out strong attacks
against the enemy forces. Total war
results as ascertained up to the
present time attained within Leyte
Gulf area follows:
Five transports sunk, II set
ablaZe, four grounded and two
heavily damaged. Two carriers
heavily damaged, one battleship
grounded, two heavily damaged. Two
cruisers sunk, three heavily dam
aged. One destroyer sunk, three
heavily damaged. Seventeen large
type landing craft sunk and two
either heavily damaged or set ablaze
Our losses: Besides one battle
ship sunk and one substantially
damaged, some of our planes are
either self-blasted or have not yet
returned"
Yesterday the japanese admitted
the loss of three warships, two
cruisers and a destroyer.
Some japanese propagandists
made extravagant claims which
contradicted others and kept the
Federal Communication Commission
monitors busy recording them.
While one broadcast claimed that
"at this very moment our violent
attacks are being concentrated upon
the enemy" another said 1T has
been confirmed that our forces have
defeated the enemy
Another propagandist said:
We can anticipate the day when
the arrogant enemy American fleet
will quit and fee as a defeated
fleet"
Evening star., 1944-10-26

northward highway running through
the valley.
Armored units and forward patrols
of the 7th Division are tanning out
from the San Pablo Burauen area
toward Dagami, another important
road junction near the highways
center.
A second American column also
appeared headed toward Dagami
Elements of the Goth Division, ad-
vancing from Tanghas on the coast,
are approaching Tabontabon, an
inland river town miles southeast
Of Dagami.
On the northern end OF the trap
other units are pushing out from
Palo toward Santa Fe. They seized
hill position west of Palo and cap
tured Tanauan. miles to the south.
Aircraft continued their compre-
hensive assaults against other flank
islands in the Central Philippines.
Mindanao and Southwest Pacific
targets. In widespread raids 81
small freighters and coastal vessels
were sunk or damaged and a 5000
ton freighter- transport damaged.
Evening star., 1944-10-26
Philippines
Continued From First Page.)

where Japanese defenders are being
crowded, captured Burauen. a key
road juncture miles inland from
Dulag. Armor-led infantrymer of
the oath Corps broke into the town.
after taking nearby San Pablo and
its cluster of airfields.
On the extreme northern front,
the 10th Corps completed shore-to-
shore movements which seized the
southern coast OF Samar Island and
sent American units to the north
ern tip of Leyte The landing on
Samar, fifth Philippine island to
be invaded. was reported Monday
and confirmed in today's commu-
nique.
The maneuver gave the Americans
control of San Juanico Strait, the
narrow, crooked waterway dividing
Leyte and Samar. The main jap
anese supply line for supplies and
reinforcements from the north thus
has been severed.
Liberation troops have swept 20
miles northward of Tacloban, the
communique reported Apparently
they will curve around the northern
tip of Leyte to drive wedge in
japanese communications with Mas
bate, main island to the northwest
japanese forces in this sector "are
disintegrating," the announcement
added.
Carrier planes turned back a
large-scale japanese daylight as
sault Tuesday on American ship
ping in Leyte Gulf. Fifty-three
japanese planes were shot down in
dogfghts and antiaircraft fire de-
stroyed three more.
Ground forces easily repulsed" a
japanese night counterattack and
have throttled local assaults and in
filtration attempts.
The three -pronged drive on Leyte
Valley is designed to pocket the jap
anese without escape or to force
them into the hills where, Gen
Macarthur has said, their supply
problems would become acute"
Burauen, at the southern end OF
the squeeze, is the juncture for an
east-west road from Dulag, followed
by the doughboys. and the main
Evening star., 1944-10-26
Jap Naval Attack on Macarthur
Stopped by Kinkoid's Audocity
Foe Opened Bottle
With Bold Strike
In Surigoo Stroit
BY the Associated Press.

ny tuc hSsOClhteu FTesk.
GEN. MacARTHUR'S HEAD
QUARTERS, Philippines, Oct. 90
Had 1t not been for Vice Admiral
Thomas Kinkaid's decision to meet
audacity with audacity. Gen. Mac
Arthurs Leyte beachhead and sup
porting vessels in San Pedro harbor
might have been under fire of jap
anese battleship guns this morning
The Japanese opened The first
phase of the Battle of Leyte Gulf
with bold strike through Surigac
Strait
American PIT boats sighted the
enemy shortly after midnight yes.
terday and roared in for a brave
but unsuccessful, attack. Destroy.
ers followed in with CLOSELY
pressed torpedo attack which sent
Japanese battleships reeling under
the impact of direct hits.
Battleships under command OF
Rear Admiral Jesse Oldendorf, some
Of which had been resurrected from
the mud of Pearl Harbor, then
opened up with their big guns.
One Japanese battleship was Sc,
afire and left dead in the water,
with a Japanese destroyer attempt
ing to take off survivors. The re-
naming enemy ships. all of which
are believed to have suffered dam.
age, broke off action and retired
with Navy Avenger torpedo bomb
ers pressing home attacks.
A second Japanese battleship was
last seen burning and steamine
slowly into the Sula Sea.
While the Surigao action was
under way Rear Admiral Thomas
Sprague signaled that his "jeep'
carrier force was under gunfire of
the east coast of Samar Island
northeast of Leyte.
The japanese force attacking the
carriers comprised battleships, s
cruisers and II destroyers. ONLY
the little flattop and a few small
men OF war stood in the way of this
powerful battle force which an.
peared to be bent on bludgeoning its
way into Leyte Gulf in the rear Of
Admiral Kinkaids already engaged
Surigao force.
Admiral Sprague's Wildcat Aveng.
Evening star., 1944-10-26
Philippines Victory
May Shorten War
By Several Months !
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
The defeat handed the Japa-
nese Navy in Philippine waters
brought to Washington and the
Nation today the cheering
thought that the whole course
Of the war may now be changed
and victory brought months
nearer.
These great expectations were
tempered in some degree by i'm
patience to hear final details.
Some naval observers are inclined
to check the fragmentary reports
of damage against estimates of the
size of the japanese fleet. They
point out that Japan has been
credited with at least dozen each
of battleships and first-line aircraft
carriers. Early reports of the Philip
pines battle mention one battle
ship sunk, two probably sunk, an
aircraft carrier sunk, one probably
sunk and another damaged. Several
cruisers and destroyers also were
sunk or damaged.
On the other hand, the optimistic
tones of the first reports seem to
indicate that much more extensive
damage might have been inflicted.
/ Admiral Ernest J. King, Navy
commander in chief, before an
nouncement of the American vic
tory. had told newsmen that "prac-
tically ALL of the Japanese fleet was
involved IN the Philippines action.
King Offers Explanation.
Admiral King indicated that two
principal purposes might have been
considered by the Japanese high
command when the enemy fleets
turned toward the Philippines-O
a junction of Japanese forces in the
homeland and those about to be cut
off in the Singapore area by Amer
lean invasion of the Philippines and
Cd an effort to halt American lib
Grafton of the island group.
One illustration of the interlock-
ing nature of all warfare is in an
opinion expressed by strategists Of
the Army Air Forces that the Phil
ippine sea-air events will help re-
lieve the grave" japanese offensive
threat to advanced bases in China
of the United States 14th Air Force
"As long as the enemy is faced
with the threat of severe air losses
in the Pacific, it appears he will
risk as few aircraft as possible in
either offensive or defensive air
combat in China" an AAF authority
said.
China Threat Cited.
Recently reinforced Japanese
ground troops are, however, press
ing what he described as danger
Gus threat to advance bases at
Liuchow and Manning in Southern
China.
The fall of Liuchow and Manning,
he said, would reduce draStically
the effectiveness of B-24 bomber at
tacks on shipping along the China
coast, and probably eliminate such
attacks in the Formosa Strait.
President Roosevelt took a per-
Sonal hand in getting the news of
the Philippine victory to the people.
He called in the six reporters who
were at the White House at the
time-late in the afternoon.
The President sat at his desk in
Evening star., 1944-10-26
japanese Bomb Kills
"A. P. Writer on Leyte
BY the Associated Press.

by tne ASSOCIATED PfeSs.
SAN FRANCISCO, Oct. 26.-
Asahel (Ace) Bush's luck ran out
yesterday. The 31-year-old Associ.
ated Press war correspondent wa.
killed by japanese bomb at Taclo.
ban, liberated capital of Leyte Is.
land in the Philippines.
His death was reported by c
Yates Mcdaniel, chief of the A. P
staff covering the Philippine inva.
sion. Mr.. Mcdaniel said Mr.. Bush
had just covered a phase of the
epochal naval battle off Leyte wher
Japanese planes raided Tacloban
Mr.. Bush was killed outright.
He was the 10th civilian newsmar
killed in the Pacific theater but the
first Associated Press man to die ir
the line of duty in that area.
His widow, the former Fac Cornish
Despair, and daughter, Margarer
Ann, 8, survive.
Mr.. Bush was killed exactly ont
year after he left San Francisco fol
Australia.
He joined the A. P. at Salt LAX.
City July 2, 1899, and was trans.
ferred to the San Francisco burea,
in April, 1941.
His tour of duty in Australia in.
cluded covering headquarters oi
Gen. Douglas Macarthur. Wher
Gen. Macarthur moved to New
Guinea, Ace went along.
During the Hollandia invasion II
New Guinea, Ace sat down to writ,
his story in an abandoned Japanes,
ammunition dump. Minutes aftel
he finished his story, he left. A jar
plane came over and dropped on.
bomb. 1t hit the dump.
Gen. Douglas Macarthur sent tn,
following message to Kent Cooper
executive director of the Associated
Press:
II have learned with deep regre
OF the death by enemy action o
Asahel Bush. Bush was a credi
to the profession he 10 ably repre-.
sented. He was admired by all
Please convey my sincere sympath,
= his loved oz,ss."
Evening star., 1944-10-26
Fleet
Continued From First Page)

Continued From First Page)
Japanese finally escaped under
cover of black night.
In this engagement the Jap losses
were:
One large carrier exploded and
sunk previously reported.
One large carrier severely dam
aged by bombs and torpedoes and
believed sunk previously reported
damaged.
One light carrier definitely sunk
previously reported damaged.
Two battleships probably sunk
! previously unreported,
Two light cruisers definitely sunk
| previously unreported.
Others Damaged.
Two battleships, three cruisers and
number of destroyers withdrew
northward in a damaged condition
previously unreported).
Additional details of the Monday
Tuesday battle Of the Sibuyan Sea
gave these figures:
One heavy cruiser sunk (pre-
viously reported damaged.
Four battleships heavily damaged
by bombs and left the scene at low
speed trailing oil previously re-
ported damaged.
One cruiser sunk by ships gun
fire previously reported damaged
under general statement regarding
light units.
Sinking of these two cruisers ano
damaging of four battleships and q
destroyer was believed to duplicate
damage reported few hours earlier
in Macarthur communique.
Nothing further was reported re-
garding the Sulu Sea engagements
in which Admiral Nimitz has said
two battleships were damaged and
one cruiser and four destroyers were
stated.
The three-day series of engage
ments began late Monday and con-
tinued into Wednesday morning
until every japanese ship still afloat
had turned its stern toward Admiral
Halsey and was fleeing with all speed
possible in a crippled condition.
Apparently only the blackness of
the night made it possible for the
crippled survivors of the Mikado' S
forces to disperse and flee from the
wrath Of the Halsey- -Mitscher car
rier pilots.
This second battle of the Philip
pines Sea-Admiral Raymond A.
Spruance directed the first on June
10, when his carrier planes sank or
damaged nearly a score of enemy
ships-very probably has made pos
sible an attack against the Jap
anese homeland itself in the not
distant future.
Bulk Of Fleet Engaged.
Admiral Ernest j. King, COM
mander in chief of the United States
Fleet, said the bulk of the imperial
fleet was engaged in the battles
around the Philippines. Admiral
Nimitz previously said major units
OF the imperial fleet were defeated
Evening star., 1944-10-26
| in the first battle of the Philippines

in the first battle of the Philippines
Sea.
Accepting those statements at face
value, the obvious deduction is that
the Japanese may not have a great
force left af1oat. They would thus
be forced to defend the homeland
largely with land-based planes. Sc
far these have proved pretty poor
weapon in Japanese hands against
superior American forces.
Heavy losses of carriers probably
leaves the Empire with very few
fattops. These, presumably, are
being held for emergency use neal
the homeland
Japan's losses in battleships
cruisers and destroyers has also beer
very heavy. But whatever ships in
these categories remain afloat ano
in battle condition, will be impotent
without strong aerial protection.
Admiral Halsey-Bull Halsey they
named him years ago for his tena.
cious fighting enthusiastically ha!
achieved measure of the success!
he long dreamed of in conflic
against the enemy.
He took the flrst carrier Horne
nearly to Tokyo to launch Maj. Gen
James Doolittle's bombers for .theil
April 18, 1912, raid on the Japanes,
capital and the great Yokohams
shipyards. He roamed the Pacific
from Pearl Harbor until September
1912, when he was made commando
of the South Pacific and began +.
campaign which cleared the Jap
anese out of the Solomons, o.
trapped them there to face starva.
ton.
Admiral Halsey returned to activ,
sea duty as commander of the Sc
Fleet only a few months ago, ane
Evening star., 1944-10-26
Reports 10 Clear kimmeI
And Short, Taft Believes
6y the Associated Press,

6y the Associated Press.
CINCINNATI, Oct. Ex-senator
Taft, Republican, of Ohio asserted
last night Army and Navy reports
on the Pearl Harbor disaster are
being kept secret because they
would show 'inexcusable neglect
on the part of the administration
Speaking at a dinner given by
hometown Republicans in his hon
or, the Senator expressed belief
that the reports exonerate Admiral
Husband E. Kimmel and 1t. Gen
Walter G. Short, commanders at
Pearl Harbor when the Japanese
attacked He also voiced belief the
documents would be withheld until
after the November election.
In an impromptu talk at the an
nual convention of the Ohio Petro-
leum Marketers' Association in Co.
lumbus, Senator Taft said the
Anglo American petroleum agree
ment might be the biggest cartel
ever SEEN"
Evening star., 1944-10-26
P. Wirephoto.

shortly swept the Far Western Pa
cific to within 200 miles of Japan
with devastating raids on Palau
Marcus. the Ryukyu Islands, For
mosa and the Philippines.
He has long prayed fervently for
a chance to engage the japanese in
mortal combat-confiden he could
shorten the war by many months
with decisive victory.
He believed he finally had the
power TO crush any force the Nip
ponese dared to send against him
1t was a radical change from the
many months in the Solomons when
almost any cove would have shell
tered the comparatively few war
ships he was forced to call his feet
Admiral Halsey often said he
would steam into Yokohoma Harbol
itself-the front door of Tokyo-ii
necessary to force the imperial navy
into battle.
Evening star., 1944-10-26
Super Fortress Raid
On Kyushu Air Base
Called Successful
BY the Associated Press.


A B-29 BASE IN WEST CHINA.
Oct. 26.-Striking again at the JAP
anese mainland, a strong force OF
United States Super Fortresses at
tackled the Omura airbase on Kyushu
Island yesterday, and returning
pilots said last night the target area
was perfectly patterned by bombs.
Maj. Gen. Curtis Lemay described
the assault as highly successful
The area embraces one of the moss
important aircraft assembly plants
in the Japanese home islands. Pill
lars of smoke and fame were OBJ.
served
IF Tokyo Rose says we missed the
objective, Hirohito's ancestors ought
to be turning back-flips in their
graves for shame" declared Col. w.
H. Blanchard, group commander.
Antiaircraft fire was moderate. bu.
more accurate than In previous B-2s
sorties over Japan, the flyers said.
Several planes returned from the
6,000-mile ound-trip with fax holes.
Fighter opposition varied, but in
most cases they stayed at a safe
distance.
A broadcast Japanese communioue
asserted five of the Super Fortresses
were shot down and 19 others sub
stantially damaged" An American
cOmmuniuue said one was lost.
Evening star., 1944-10-26
| Japan Protests
| u. S. freeing
or philippines
3u the Associatad prass

BY tQe ASSOclaleo Press.
SAN FRANCISCO, Oct. 26.-
japanese propagandists have pro-
tested Indignantly against the de-
scription of American Philippines
forces as a "liberating army" be-
cause, they said, Japan already ha,
granted the Philippines their "in-
dependence"
Sadao Iguchi, spokesman for the
japanese Board Of Information, was
quoted by the Japanese radio AZ
saying it was utterly preposterous'
for Gen. Macarthur to think OF
liberating" the Philippines. Japan
he exclaimed, had given the Philip.
pines their freedom October IA, 1943
The broadcast was recorded by
the Federal Communications Com
mission.
Evening star., 1944-10-26

ers took of into a fortunate south
east wind which enabled the car
riers to run from the enemy and a
the same time launch their aircraft
(The dispatch, transmitted by
voicecast, ended here but Gen.
Macarthur reported that the
planes from the flattops drove off
the attacking japanese and units
and forced it to retire to the
north)
Evening star., 1944-10-26
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