davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1944-02-07
Constantine BrO1Vu

advance until the reserves from the
east arrived. Meanwhile, the 10th Ger
man Army, composed Of veterans from
Russia and men who fought in Sicily,
was sent to meet the Allied forces ad-
vancing from Nettuno. Weather con-
ditions favored the Nazis. Fog, rain and
mist prevented the Allied commander
from making full use OF our air superior
ity and permitted the concentration Of
the Nazi divisions Of the 10th Army.
BY taking advantage of the inability
Of the Allied aviation to interfere with
the Nazi lines of communications and
by moving in trucks and other motor
vehicles during the night, Rommel man.
aged to bring in at least three and prob
ably four divisions to meet the advancing
Allies.
Although the situation on the Net
tuno front had improved slightly Sat-
urday, it continues to be extremely un-
comfortable not SO much because OF
the powerful German attacks but be-
cause the 5th Army has made little or
no progress. Unless Gen. Clark's REIN
forced army succeeds in breaking the
deadlock on the Casino front the dar-
ing and successful landing operation at
Nettuno may have been in vain.
Evening star., 1944-02-07

to overcome tho Nad resistance at
Casino. Then Gen. Clark's divisions
could have moved northward and make
q junction with the forces landed at
Nettuno. The entire strategy of this
otherwise risky maneuver was predicat-
ed on the ability of overpowering the
Nazis facing the 5th Army.
To reach our strategic objective,
Rome, 1t was necessary to have troops
converging from two sides.
For this reason picked American and
British units were delegated to land in
the Nettuno area. The operation was
accomplished with slight loss.
The Germans are in desperate need
OF military success. Marshal Erwin
Rommel. who Is said to have returned
to Italy, saw his chance when the
Gustav line, instead of being broken,
was only dented. He issued orders
that Casino be held at any cost and
at the same time he ordered the with
drawal Of forces from the British anchor
on the Adriatic front. He rushed them
to the Casino front.
Rommel even decided to use, for the
first time in many months, planes in
large numbers to hold Gen. Clarks
Evening star., 1944-02-07
Dorothy Thompson

impossibility of standing alone, he will
choose between alternatives. Many fac
tors will enter into that choice, such as
raphy and protection against this or
that possible enemy.
The new structure Of the Soviet Union
presents no claims whatsoever But 1t
provides the mechanism and structure
through which petitions for membership
could be considered.
There are countries much nearer than
France, where such alternatives are Ger
tain to be considered. There is, for
instance, China. There Is, for instance,
Yugoslavia-a country of great un-
developed economic resources; there is,
for instance, Finland, that once, under
the Tsars, had something of that
autonomy now offered every state of the
Soviet Union. There are, for instance,
the new countries of the Middle East,
just awakening into national conscious
ness. And there is, for instance-and in
the long run-Germany.
AS student of the Soviet Unions
foreign policy, have always been i'm
pressed with the way in which it re-
serves to itself unlimited possibilities
within clear plan, without committing
itself to any fixed program. There is no
question that this new step has i'm
mensely widened the possibilities The
extent to which they can be exploited,
however, depends not alone upon the
Soviet Union, but upon the policies Of
Britain and America
The Soviet Union has entered into
open competition, by open diplomacy,
for focal position as the magnet of
Europe and Asia. If the western powers
should think to answer this by force.
they would be misled Force has abb
solute limits in this world. Or if they
think to answer it by letting nature take
its course, fear they will find that
planless world is at great disadvantage
with one which has a clear concept.
The only possible answer is a western
plan more attractive to the peoples.
released by the Bell Syndicate Incl
Evening star., 1944-02-07

The first of the things that happened
was that Mr.. Willkie made a speech
assailing both the administration and
Congress for the utter inadequacy Of
their tax programs and urging taxes
to raise $16,000,000 ,00O twice as much
as the Treasury and eight times as much
as Congress has proposed. 1t was not
to be expected that in either congress
sional or administration circles there
would be a favorable response to Mr..
WILKES proposals. but the response in
the country generally as reflected by
the press was extraordinarily favorable.
For this there were three strong rea-
sons
First, what he said was true; second,
it was courageous; third, it was realistic.
There is no denying these things. At
the same time that Mr. Willkie swept
aside the nonsense talked by New Deal
ers like Mr.. Henry Wallace about the
size of our debt being something not
to worry about, he swept aside the
administration and congressional fear
of levyinR adequate taxes prior to an
Evening star., 1944-02-07
As MONDAY, February 7. 1914
A Post of Responsibility

Not only his good record of ac-
complishment in local legislation,
but the subjects for future legisla-
ton which have claimed his major
interest have made Senator Nc
Carran's service as chairman of the
Senate District Committee of dis
tinct benefit to this community.
1t is gratifying to learn from him
that his resignation of the chair
manship will not affect his partici-
patton in the continued search for
the best solution of such problems
as the grant of effective franchise to
citizens Of Washington; improve
ment and expansion of hospital and
public health facilities; reorganiza-
tion of the water supply and distri-
button systems, in which the people
OF Washington are the heaviest in
vestors and the National Govern
ment the exclusively controlling
chief beneficiary; the assignment of
proper jursidictional control over
the mo mans land" which has been
created by expansion of the Federal
establishment into adjacent Mary
land and Virginia, and more equit-
able and dependable system of di-
viding National Capital expenses
between the Nation and the local
taxpayer.
Senator Bilbo's succession to the
Craftsmanship gives him the oppor-
tunity and incentive to carry on the
work of developing the Capital in
accordance with the pattern out
lined by a long and for the most
part distinguished list of Senators
who have filled this post. Those
who have worked for the best inter-
ests of Washington have contributed
something to- the best interests of
the Nation and have enjoyed the
satisfaction of having taken part in
permanent and constructive accom-
plishment. To refer to the chair
man of the Senate or House legisla-
tive committee as Mayor" of Wash
ington is to belittle an Office which
in reality is the post of laison be-
tween the National Government and
the Nations city, one which is
worthy of the highest efforts of those
whom the accidents of seniority, in
House and Senate, place in control.
Senator BIbo will find his tasks
as chairman lightened and made
pleasant in proportion to his own
work in behalf of sound, progressive
government Of Washington.
Evening star., 1944-02-07
Frank K. Kent

Gen. Macarthur. Gov. Stassen and Gov
Dewey have taken steps to enter their
favorltes. Thus, the Republican voters
in that State will have four names from
which to choose, but only one-Mr.
Willkie-will be an open and avowed
candidate for the presidency. The other
three are what has been called shadow
candidates" Gov. Dewey, for example
has declared himself not a candidate
And it can only be conjectured-though
not many have doubts on this score
that he will accept if nominated. The
same is true of Gen. Macarthur and
Gov. Stassen.
One in the Army, the other in the
Navy, both are barred from candida
torial activity or passivity. Yet, with
Mr.. Willkie, they will all be voted on in
the Wisconsin primaries. The outcome
will be interesting and perhaps sig
niflcant. This, however is true-even
though Mr.. Willkie should be beaten
and by Gov. Dewey, who was born in
Wisconsin-it will not mean the elirni-
nation of Mr.. Willkie. He will still be
"in there pitching; the fight will be by
no means over.
Last week Mr.. WILKES candidacy
certainly seemed in a soggy and sagging
condition. Today, and as a result of his
own utterances, it is in a firmer, more
vibrant state. In the next five months
1t easily may go up and down several
times. What its condition will be when
the convention convenes it is impossible
to forecast. But this seems sure-de-
spite the number, ferocity and strength
OF his party enemies, the idea that he is
licked man and there is nothing now
IN the way Of the Dewey draft is not
we'll founded. 1t may turn out that way
and the odds still favor it-but it
should be clear by now that Mr. Willkie
is an uphill fighter who never stops 60
ing until here isn't any place to go. He
seems an especially hard man for a
shadow candidate to beat.
Evening star., 1944-02-07
Oil and Foreign Policy

approval of the Kingdom of Saudi
Arabia and the sheikdom Of Kuwait,
the United States Government will
soon make highly significant
debut in the international oil busi-
ness. the primary objective being to
implement American foreign policy
and to make long term provision for
the petroleum needs of our armed
forces in the event of future emer-
gencies and Sin view of the obliga-
tions this country must assume for
the maintenance of collective secur-
ity in the postwar world"
This is the chief meaning of the
agreement just reached between
Secretary Ickes' Petroleum Reserves
Corporation and three private Amer
lean companies holding concessions
in Saudi Arabia and Kuwait. Under
the agreement, the Government pro-
poses to build, own and operate a
1,200-mile pipe line from the Per-
sian Gulf to "a point on the Eastern
Mediterranean" at cost of between
1870 and 165 million dollars, all OF
which-plus interest and a per-
centage of profit yet to be decided
upon-is to be returned to the Gov
ernment within a period of Is years.
For their part, the companies
undertake to maintain from their
immensly productive concessions a
reserve "for the account of the
United States" of about one billion
barrels of crude oil petroleum. Fur
ther. although the Government is
not obligated to purchase all or even
a part of this reserve, it will have
the right to do so at any time for a
period of so years, and, in addition,
in the event of war or some emer-
gency, it will have an option to buy
the entire output of the companies
over and above the reserve. The
companies undertake also to do the
following: Cd To make the reserve
available for sale at any time to our
armed forces at Is per cent below
the regular market price; (2) to
give notice to the State Department
and the Petroleum Reserves Corpo-
ration before negotiating with for
eign governments for the sale of
any of their Saudi Arabia and
Kuwait production, and CD not to
sell "to any government or the
nationals of any government when,
in the opinion of the Department
of State, such sales would be unwise
in the light of United States foreign
policy and the requirements of col
lective security"
Wholly apart from the size of the
reserve established "a billion barrels
represent enough to supply our
armed forces for several years, even
at their present record rate of con-
sumption), the agreement is spec
tacularly meaningful step. Never
before has our Government been in
such partnership in the interna-
tional oil business and never before
has it thus linked itself with private
enterprise to promote and fortify
foreign policy. To that extent, the
development is experimental in the
extreme and needs to be studied
with the greatest care. 1t bears the
complete Endorsement of the PreSi-
dent and the State, War and Navy
Departments, but how other nations
are likely to react to it, or whether
Evening star., 1944-02-07
Written in Snow

Although you neDer see them run
Beneath the brilliance OF the sun,
The tin,id beasts 1Dho lope the night
Record their deeds on crystal Dhite.
The dainty feet and dragging tail
OF deer mice lace the dritted trail.
In the SDd1np man may trace
A rabbit to its secret place
Beneath the spra,Dling lavender
OF briStly juniper.
From its den, upon hill,
A tor trail minds, as for trails Dill,
Single footed through a 1Dood,
And boding anything but good.
Where pointed footprints OF deer
Run unmiSt0kdbly and clear
FolloD >. tolloiD tollo,U after ..
Not 1Dith malice but Uith LAUGHTER
For they ,Oho 1Ddlk through new-laid
sn0D
Walk NTH Uo,der a. they 90.
HARRY ELMORE HURD.
Evening star., 1944-02-07
The Great Game of Politics

election No other presidential candi-
date. in or out Of the White House,
has talked this kind of straight stuff
to the people. On the contrary, all of
them. including Mr.. Roosevelt, have
evaded and avoided, obviously feeling
that any candidate who favored really
drastic taxation would suffer at the
polls.
Apparently Mr.. Willxie has higher
opinion of the American people than
the rest of them Whether this will
prove justified time will tell, but at
any rate he reaped an immediate re-
ward in a Journalistic praise such as
has not been given any aspirant for
Office in long time. The powerful
New York Times came out so strongly
for his nomination as to leave little
doubt of its support should he be nomi-
mated The New York Herald Tribune
found additional reason for his success.
Various other important papers, both
Democratic and Republican, congratu-
lated and commended.
Altogether it was an almost unprece-
dented and unusually spontaneous
tribute, and started Mr.. Willkie off on
his three weeks tour of the West with
his spirits buoyant and his prospects
brighter. This Western trip also called
attention to the singularly interesting
situation in Wisconsin, in which State
presidential primaries will be held early
in April. Mr.. Willkie announced some
time ago that he would enter these
primaries though his friends pointed
out that he is weaker in the Middle
West than on either the East or West
Coast, and that, particularly in Wis
consin, where the La Toilette isolation
tradition has been so deeply ingrained,
the Willkie international cooperation
views are not popular.
In Wisconsin the consent of the man
is not required to enter him in the pri-
maries-and, because of this, friends of
Evening star., 1944-02-07

can play a constructive part in the
restoration of France itself when
the hour OF liberation from German
domination arrives.
Not all the difficulties have yet
been ironed out. It may be some
time before full diplomatic recog-
milton of the committee will be
accorded by Washington and Lon
don. But the trend toward an
effective understanding is clearly
evident, and time may do the rest.
Evening star., 1944-02-07

doubt t ere are
some japanese left
on a few of the is
lands of the atollS;
possibly some resist
ance may be en-
countered on Eba-
don Island, at the
extreme western tip,
which has not yet
b e e n seriously a t.
tackled. But this is
a secondary affair.
We have the air
base on Roi, the sea-
plane base on Ebeye,
the air and naval
Evening star., 1944-02-07
Postwar Rehabilitation
From the Montreal La Presse:

IlIt NdUHCIeHI DN FrtSSe.
The studies and enquiries systemati-
cally followed by the committees of the
Canadian Manufacturers Association
have convinced it that cit is, above all,
the intelligence, the initiative and the
work of the people, acting as individuals
or as members Of private companies and
groups bound together by common in
terests, that may be counted on for tbs
elaboration and execution for plans Of
postwar rehabilitation.
Evening star., 1944-02-07

regarding the ability
OF the divisions
landed at Nettuno to
hold their present
positions; they may
have to move west
ward to the beaches
where they landed
originally. Because
Of the protection of
the shellflre from
b a t I'll e S h ips and
cruisers, it is likely
that the Allies could
keep the Germans
from following them.
Under the circum-
Evening star., 1944-02-07

that it Is a maneu-
yer for more votes
at a peace confer
ence, I want to add
that this enormous
change should not
be regarded as oc-
curing for any spe-
ciflc purpose, except
the ever-present one
of security through
power. 1t must be
seen and assessed
inside the frame
work of the world
situation.
EarlY in Decem-
Evening star., 1944-02-07

strikingly confirmed
by the events OF the
last few days. AS a
result, quite a.few of
the politicians and
observers who had
become convinced
that the question of
the Republican pres
idential nomination
was no longer open
a n d t h at G ov.
Dewey would d be
drafted" have had
to revise their opin-
ion-at least to the
point of agreeing
that the fpht isn't q
Evening star., 1944-02-07

stances Gen. Clark Is expected TO renew
his effort to break the stubborn re-
sistance of the German Gustav line
even if 1t were to prove to be costlier
than anticipated.
When the Nettuno operation was
undertaken it had been assumed that
the 5th Army would be in a position
Evening star., 1944-02-07

their policies can be readily fitted in
with 1t, remains to be seen. More
over, private industry in general
will have reason to inspect it most
closely, even though Secretary Ickes
makes special point of being re-
assuring on that score.
Evening star., 1944-02-07
On the Record

I have called these columns on the
Molotov announcement "The Soviet
Commonwealth" because this is really
the transformation proposed
Having dismissed the childish idea
Evening star., 1944-02-07
This Changing World

Unless the forces Of 1t. Gen. Mark w.
Clark can break through the German
defense lines at Casino, some military
Observers here have serious misgiyings
Evening star., 1944-02-07

An Army dog, thought by most
soldiers to be insane, is said to prefer
K-rations to steak. Evidently this
somewhat dubious delicacy has at
least limited application as a K-9
ration.
Evening star., 1944-02-07

1t may be considered that Kwajalein
Atoll, central base of the Japanese de-
fense system in the Marshall Islands,
is now firmly in American hands. No
Evening star., 1944-02-07

The shortage of golf balls has had
at least one good effect on the mo-
rale of addicts to the game Any
shot is a good one now if the ball
can be found afterWard.
Evening star., 1944-02-07

Those who pointed out some time ago
that Mr.. Willkie is not man who can
be counted out in a fight until it is
all over had their judgment rather
Evening star., 1944-02-07
Letters to The Star
Fear of Communism Prompts
Doubt Concerning Russia.


TO the Editor OF The Star:
In the last war we were fighting to
make the world safe for democracy and
now it seems that we are fighting to
make the world safe for communism.
Russia is winning this war and will
dictate the peace The United States
and Britain are doing but very little of
the fighting in Europe, and they GER
tainly will not receive much considera-
tion at the time that the conditions for
peace come up for discussion. This is
evident by the refusal of Russia to sur
render her claims to Poland. Much as
we rejoice over Russian victories, we
must not forget that Hitler and Stain
were partners in the crime of aggression
in 1899. When the armies of Russia
overrun Western Europe, it will mean
the end of political freedom there.
Anthony Eden had the courage to
state recently that Britain will not
recognize any changes made by aggres-
sion. GU" Government, due to the fear
of offending Russia has not backed
this up. On the contrary, we have done
everything possible to appease the
worlds worst dictatorship.
Let us 60 back 20 years when the
communist reign of terror was going
on in Italy The rabble had confiscated
the factories of Brescia and Milan, tied
up the railways and no doubt would
have butchered the royal family as was
done In Russia. l was conducting a
party OF tourists in Italy at that time,
and I well remember how grateful the
Americans were to see law and order
restored by the conservative element.
who were actually obliged TO join the
Fascist party in self-defense. l do not
condone the crimes of that party after
they joined with Hitler, but we must
admit that they saved Italy from some
thing worse in 1922 We should also
remember that King Victor Emmanuel
was our faithful ally in the last war and
was forced against his will into the Hit
Ter combination
Americans certainly do not want COM
munlsm in this country and if we free
Europe from Nazi dictatorship only to
let it fall into the hands of another
type of dictatorship, We shall have
fought in vain. DORE WALTEN.
Member of the Royal Association Of
Architects of Belgium.
Evening star., 1944-02-07
Colored Aviators Praised.

TO the Editor Of The Star
The photograph of the heroic mem
bers OF the United States Army Air
Forces 99th Fighter Squadron in The
Star for February 2 is of interest to
thousands OF regular readers of your
newspaper. This photo-feature also
brings to mind the valiant fight COM
petent colored American aviators and
interested civilian citizens have had to
put up for the recognition of good pilot
material-with merit and fitness as the
sole determining factors.
The good records of colored American
aviators who joined the Royal Canadian
All Force during World War I are
generally known. But little has been
gotten over to the public about the
achievements of brilliant succession
OF colored aviators who have been max
ing significant contributions to the
whole science of air navigation from
Bessie Coleman, some IS years ago, to
James l.. H. Peck, John o. Hopkins, ir.;
Villa Brown, 1t. John Pinkett Charles
Malcolm Ashe and others today. In
fact, these contributions in aviation be-
came so significant that the 927 IL
censed colored aviators in this country
at the time of Pearl Harbor became
threat" to the idea of making the
Army Air Corps an exclusive gentle
mems club. and did much to upset the
low USAAF Negro quota" which linn
tied air combat colored trainees to 80
men year.
In protest against the by-passing Of
colored manpower in the field of COM
bat aviation, Judge William H. Hastie
resigned his position as civilian aide
to the Secretary of War. This hap
pened last January.
Today Negro quotas" continue to
exist in USAAF training. While these
quotas" have been revised to include
colored trainees in fighter, group and
medium bomber squadrons. no colored
American eligibles have been assigned
to heavy bomber groups-although Eng
lands Royal Air Force integrates its
qualified colored colonials and has
found them measuring up to the Ger
many-smashing tasks, night after night.
DUTTON FERGUSON.
Evening star., 1944-02-07
Objects to Political Campaign

ODJectS TO fOlltlCal Campaign
To the Editor Of The Star:
After reading the daily papers, listen
ing to the radio and above all, using
our heads, how can any sane person
countenance the political campaign We
have in prospect?
Think of the number of men concen-
trating on political affairs, and lavishly
spending money that should be used for
the war only. 1t is stupid to say that to
omit an election is breaking the law,
tampering with the Constitution, etc.
Circumstances alter cases more strongly
in war than at any other time, and some
laws must be suspended for the dura-
ton to meet unforeseen conditions
The President has done good job SO
far as the war itself is concerned, and
it is no time for new-broom experiments
Haven't we, the people, ills enough to
bear without inviting others we know
not Of? Certainly the country can't
afford the waste of money involved in a
campaign that is practically foregone
conclusion anyway. E. L. S.
Evening star., 1944-02-07

Editorial Commended
To the Editor Of The Star:
Your editorial, "a Man to Remember" :"
Is a masterpiece
CLAUDE WETMORE,
Evening star., 1944-02-07
Asks Why Japan Was Favored

To the Editor Of The Star:
President Roosevelt, Secretary Hull
and members of Congress express them
selves, and rightly so, as being greatly
incensed because of Japan's cruelty to
American and Philippine prisoners of
war. But why did the administration
and Congress, several years ago, turn a
deaf ear to the petitions of protest made
to them by many citizens of the United
States against the sale of scrap iron,
gasoline and oil to Japan?
WILLIAM H. HARGROVE.
California, Mo.