davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1944-06-25

The Chinese government tells them
there will be $4,000, 900 Chinese who will
need the barest necessities.
China says these people can start to
rebuild their lives with this simple be-
ginning for each person: One suit of
cotton underwear, one cotton stuffed
outside suit, one cotton blanket and
one cotton padded quilt. She is suggest
ing that half the cotton be sent to
China's looms, the other half to be
made up here. This would take 5000, 900
bales of raw cotton, employ $4,000
American cotton field workers and TO-
900 mill workers for a year.
This is just small segment of the
l0-year program which Generalissimo
Chang Kai-shek has worked out.
Some of those plans, now on paper
in great detail, have been passed along
to the China America council which Is
working with both the American and
Chinese governments.
incidentally, it's the first time the
United States Government has frankly
collaborated with American business
men to find foreign markets, although
many other governments have always
done it.
China is just as anxious to collabo-
rate.
China thinks she should become in
dustrialized but to do it she needs
machine tools, steel, hydroelectric
plants. She plans seven huge industrial
Evening star., 1944-06-25

Rallroads-China must repair 1850
miles OF railroads at cost of 500 .OOO,-
600, using 456,0OO tons of rails 861O
coaches and freight cars, and 76O loco
motives, She plans 14,30O miles of new
railroads, at $5O0OOO, 900, using 2.28s 900
tons of rails, 24,0OO coaches and freight
cars, and $500 locomotives She wants
to double-track 1850 miles, for another
$4,000, 600
China depends on both river and
coastal movement of her corps, pro-
duced by 80 per cent of her people.
For coastal service alone she will need
l6o ships, 100000 TONS and another
100000 tons for the big rivers. She also
wants 460 tramp ships to run where it's
proftable with salt, COAL bean cakes,
gypsum, iron ore, beans and rice, and
so large Pacific liners.
China's medical needs are so great
they're measured in tons, while this
country has 100000 stockpile and
the War Department is rushing a sur
vey to find an outlet for it.
China wants to move fast to stop
postwar epldemicS, for which she would
need $500 tons of medicines, and an
other $4,000 tons for medical centers
which will treat refugees returning to
their homes once the Japanese leave.
Chang plans to open, in 10 years,
82l00 large and small hospitals.
China needs 12,OO0,OOO new homes.
Chang plans simple house OF Is by
Evening star., 1944-06-25

areas over her vast terrain, each with
It's own Pittsburgh. She thinks much
of 1t depends on American cooperation.
Some of her most powerful say, IF
China can't industrialize she'll have to
pull in her belt, as Russia did, and turn
Communist"
There are stumbling blocks. One of
the most important is the inadeouacv
OF Chinese laws protecting investments,
patents, trade marks, insurance and
the like
So the China America council has a
legal division burning midnight oil,
going over Chinas national laws with
Chinese lawyers and the State Depart
ment, to suggest a proper commercial
code.
Some 10000, 900 Chinese communists
in the northwest cause unease among
possible investors, but American busi-
ness is betting that China will take the
other road-toward industrial democ-
racy.
The China America council expects
China to have several state-controlled
industries, at least for the first post
war years. But they reason that will
be necessary, in some industries, be-
cause of the postwar chaos.
So here are some of Chinas needs
over which American businessmen are
comforting with the hope that Chinas
markets and American factories can
work out q trade deal:
Evening star., 1944-06-25
By Siqrid 4rne.

AS your train takes you through
North Carolinas s textile towns at night
the lights of the window walled mills
glow continuously. The spindles hum "a
hours day. The Army and Navy need
shirts, shorts, sheets, towels and slacks
tons of them.
But after the war ends we won't use
that much cotton goods. IF the spindIes
slow down, men and women will be out
of work, won't need new shoes. If the
shoemakers don't work, neither tex
tile worker nor shoemaker will be buy
ing from the overcoat- maker. Wen be
on the old unemployment merry-go-
round again.
There's a group of businessmen here
struggling to cut that gordon knot by
looking for markets in China. They
call themselves the China America
Council of Commerce and Industry, Inc.
They've tackled the problem of how
to keep part of Americas 1400O00O0 at
work to turn out the mountain of things
China's 450,00O,O00 need. at reasonable
profit.
They include such well known in
dustrialiSt as Thomas j. Watson of
dustrialists as Thomas J. Watson of In
ternational Business Machines, Charles
Edison, Jack Frye of Transcontinental,
Clark Minor of international General
Electric, A. c. Cameron of Goodyear
and Charles Hook of American Rolling
Mill and many others.
Evening star., 1944-06-25

always the point of vital interest in ma
tional political conventions. the Re-
publicans have also to name a vice
presidential candidate and to adopt a
party platform.
1t is not straying from the truth to
say that every Republican Governor
and Mr. Dirksen and Comdr Stassen-
are all potential Vice President NOM
inees, except Gov. Dewey. Two of the
Governors have been mentioned widely
for second place on the ticket, Gov.
Warren of California and Gov Bricker
OF Ohio. Both have declared they are
not candidates for this nomination.
Gov. Warren has told his intimates he
does not want it. Gov. .Bricker is q
candidate for the presidential nomina-
ton and as such could not afford to
evince interest in the second place
Certainly not until the presidential
nomination has been made.
The two men occupy different posi-
tions. Gov. Warren has two more years
to serve of his present term as Governor.
Gov. Bricker's term expires at the close
of this year and he is not candidate
to succeed himself-although he might
have been, under Ohio law, both can
didate for Governor and for the presi-
Dental nomination.
Bricker May Be Second Choice.
If Gov. Bricker makes good showing
in the presidential balloting-and it is
conceded he will have more delegate
votes than any other candidate except
Dewey-he may be in strategic position
for vice presidential nomination.
Gov. Griswold of Nebraska. another
Middle Westerner, has his supporters
for second place on the ticket Comdr.
Stassen, according to his friends would
not be interested in such a nomination
Unless he can be nominated for Presi-
dent he will prefer to stay in the Navy.
He is only 81 years old. Some of the
Republican leaders fear that if Dewey
who Is AZ years of age-the same age as
was Theodore Roosevelt when he first
entered the White House as President
and Stasser, 81, made up the party
ticket the Democrats would seek to ridi-
cule 1t as Boy Scout ticket.
Usually the party nominee for Presi-
dent has something to say about the
choice OF his running mate If Dewey
is the nominee, undoubtedly he will be
asked about the vice presidential NOM
ination. The convention, however, may
take the matter into its own hands
In that event Warren might easily be
the choice, and a choice by no means
displeasing to Gov. Dewey
Plans have been made to place the
names of Gov. Bricker, Comdr. Stassen
and Mr.. Dirksen before the convention
for the presidential nomination. Gov.
Bricker will be nominated by Mayor
James Garfield Stewart of Cincinnati
the Republican nominee for Governor
Evening star., 1944-06-25

See DE GAULLE. Page ca
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-02-23
At AnziO

Probably not since Stalingrad has there been
more desperate fighting in this war than went
OIL for forty-eight hours at the Anzio beach
head, in which the forces commanded by
General Mark Clark first blocked the Ger
man thrust and later threw the enemy back
across corpse-littered ground toward Carrece-
to from which Marshall Kesserling launched
his power drive.
General Clark has faced such heavy odds
thst This achievement is little less than mi
rsculous.
If stamina and will to win are a vital
factor in this battle, as they certainly are,
victory ultimately will rest upon the shoulders
of Clarks men.
But stamina and determination, however
much they contribute to success, are but two
factors in it. Another is air support, which
is being given with tremendous strength and
effect by the Allied Air Forces Still another
is naval support. This too is forthcoming and,
in fact, is playing an important part in the
er agement. Of equal Importance is supply,
which presents a difficult problem since all
supplies must arrive by water, an operation
which seems to be meeting with success.
Any fair appraisal of the Anzio situation,
however, must take cognizance of the enemy S
manpower, his easier transportation facilities
both for renforcements and supplies, and par
ticularly the value to Berlin of a success
in Italy.
German morale, at home and in the field
would receive a great boost if word could
be spread of an Allied defeat in Italy This,
obviously, accounts for the Nazi decision to
concentrate all available strength in this bat
tie.
II also precludes any reason to count the
battle all but won by the valiant forces led
by General Clark.
The battle is not won, nor will it be until
Kesserling and all his minions have been
forced back not only from their present bases
but from Rome and far to the north The
way the fighting is going now gives promise
that this will be done. The Germans are
weakening, but they will not collapse over
night.
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-02-23
Stamps And Tokens

Ration stamps and tokens will jointly be
the OPA's extra-legal tender at the stores
starting on February 81, which is Sunday
When stores are closed. What seems to invite
more attention than this ignorance of the
calendar and common practice among mer.
chants, however, is the confusion the use OF
tokens and stamps simultaneously and inter.
changaoly is liable to create for the public.
The Associated Press had made a noble
effort to give the people a clear explanation
OF the project. Its summary may be of help
to some bewildered souls, and is therefore
reproduced here. For the first time green
stamps will be offered as change One-point
brown stamps for meat are currently being
used In this manner and the policy will be
continued during the change-over to the token
plan.
The last of the, green stamps-K, and
NJ and the Brown-Y and r will be valid
through March 20 and will be worth 8, S, Z
and l points, as at present.
Ration Book -Four blue stamps A8, B8, c.
Do and E8-each with 1O-point value-wil
be valid for processed foods from Feb. q
through May 20.
| Blue tokens-and through March 20, one
point green stamps-will be given as change
for both sets Of processed food stamps.
Red 10-point stamps 49, B8 and CO in Bool
-Four will be good from Feb. ~ through Ma,
20, while stamps Do E8 and F8 will be gooe
March IL through May 20.
Change for the two sets Of meat stamp!
will be given in red tokens and-througf
March 20-in one-point brown stamps.
II it is as vague, despite the APPS flint
attempt to make it clear, to you as it i.
to US, think what it will be for the mar
behind the counter.
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-02-23
Our Chief Aim
London Bombings

In bombing London again the German Luft
waite seeks more than revenge for the de
struction Allied Air Forces have. wrought ir
Berlin. This is of secondary Importance tt
them now.
What the Nazi high command is trying te
do is disrupt the Allied invasion schedule
Any interruption in this program the enemy
can create now will prolong the conflict and
any delay in the final surrender will, the
Germans believe, strengthen the possibility OF
negotiating peace and continue the Prus
sian war machine in existence to fight again
in another generation.
The German Army is fighting for its life.
Its leaders unquestionably understand that
they cannot win this war. What they are
after is peace compromise which will not
include their extinction.
They and their progenitors for centuries
have lived by war. They cannot now be recon-
ciled to dying by war.
Thew know that unconditional surrender
which has been set by the Allies as the
only terms upon which they can have peace
will be their undoing, and nothing is further
from their minds than to give up warmaking.
Hence we find them bombing London, put
ting their left foot forward in Italy, fighting
delaying battles in Russia, with the hope of
effecting stalemate and having compel
ling voice at the peace table.
If the peace now protagonists could but
read Alright the signs of the times they would
awaken to the fact that they are aiding and
abetting Prussansm which has disturbed the
peace of the world for two thousand years.
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-02-23

or a letter from E1izur Yale Smith, historian
| for the Federal Hall Memorial Associates,
who announced that he was on the trail OF
the missing document She found it in a
drawer marked 'Z-mscellaneous maps. ="
Apparently file clerks were as prone to err
some years ago as railroad superintendent
find them now The copy is in a good state
of preservation and fully legible.
Its discovery is interesting, of course, but
the Bill of Rights itself is of greater interest
than any copy of it ever made. It's guaran-
tees ought to be studied more closely, it's
purpose better understood and its provisions
more strictly enforced in these benighted
times The menace Of totalitarianism which
surrounds us would be swept away and the
United States emerge from this terrible con-
flict again free country, if the Bill of Rights
exercised the dominant influence upon all gov
ernmental decisions. There would be no more
fiat rule, no bureaucratic dictation, if it were
restored to its original place in federal ad-
ministration.
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-02-23
BY JOHN SELBY

"The Collected Works of Mrs.
Peter Willoughby, "by Mary Eliza
beth Plummer little, Brown; $2)
A couple of years ago Mary
Elizabeth Plummer began publish
ing in the Atlantic Monthly series
of pieces about one Mrs. Peter
Willoughby. Mrs. Willoughby is a
synthesis of Miss Plummer. of the
average woman Of good back.
ground" of the typical New York
er, of the woman a mother Of three
children grows to be. Bat she is
more, because she represents the
great American desire to be i'm
portant. Mrs. Willoughby was al
ways struggling to write, OF to
astound the neighbors by spouting
Portuguese at them. She hoped to
produce a diary that would reflect
her era and herself cher charming
SELF. She would also have enjoyed
membership in the Council OF
Learned Societies, and the Ameri-
can Academy of Arts and Letters.
Now these pieces have been
brought together in a book called
THE Collected Works of Mrs.
Peter Willoughby." DO not know
how to describe the product ex-
actly, although do know that a
good many people will think OF
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-02-23
Draft Board Is Seeking
| Addresses Of Fourteen

The whereabouts of IA Negloeo
who failed to report on February
4 for pre-induction physical exam kan.
nations are being sought by VI"
Draft Board No. l. ,,
They are: Thomas S. A0rald ans
Go P. R. Albright, P. 0. BOX i sts
Linville; Ruben D. Barnhaf', o oos
Red Cross St.; Collie LarkihS, Wv
Dawson St.; James W. CnflS.''
Apt. 2O-D, New Brooklyn Hom e.
John Skipper, POI S. 18TH o ii,
Alonza Washington, $40 RuSST 1a3
Alley; Frank L. McCrimmon' " 10. =.
W. 129th ST., New York, N. e. -. :.
Harry L. Conyers, 1902 N, 7t IL g..
Giles Bullock, 615 Campbell o..
Colon McDuffy, Ais Swami ~ ~,
Freddie L. Johnson, 5O4 > g. ,''
St.; Willie James, 1926 flaming os'.
David Owens, 915 Meadows AT e.
James E. Smith, 1875 Wicklltie d.
Newark, N. j. Ia.
The board is also seeking 10 ~
cate George Melvin WllIIL ,o'o5
1904 North Tenth street, VINO laii''
to fill out a questionable. ,rt
All addresses are those -a5 s
known by the draft board ana d." !,
information about these me" -
desired,
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-02-23
Overstepping Their Rights

There was recently an election held in West
Derbyshire, England, for the purpose Of send
ing a representative from that district to the
House of Commons The winner was one
Charlie" White. He defeated a member Of
the ancient and honorable Cavendish family.
We know nothing of the comparative fitness
of these candidates and have no particular
interest in local election in England. What
does interest us, however, is that short
time before the polls were opened Prime Min
lister Winston Churchill issued a letter en-
dorsing the candidacy of the Marques of
Harrington, the Cavedish aspirant. The voters
of West Derbyshire, exercising their demo-
cratic right to select their own representa-
tive, ignored their Premiers favorite, as they
had a right to do.
The case is worth noting in this country
where the President has so far departed from
his Constitutional rights as to recommend the
defeat or urge the election of certain candi.
dates for public office obviously for the same
reason Mr.. Churchill voiced favoritism for
one of West Derbyshire's candidate, to wit,
that his presence in the post to which he
aspired would be to his political advantage.
President Roosevelt, as well as Prime Min
lister Churchill, upon occasion overlooks the
fact that he is the steward of the people,
elected by their free choice, and has no right
to seek to influence the peoples selection OF
other stewards. The very foundation of de.
mocracy is the right of the people to choose
their own stewards by popular VOTE When
this right is denied them, or when a high
executive seeks to influence them to support
his favorites or defeat his political foe, he
is very near the borderline between dernoc
racy and dictatorship.
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-02-23
The Literary Guidepost

Mrs. Mianive--'' when they reac
it. Miss Plummer does not espe
clally center her book on the war
although this is reflected in the
text. Still, the feeling is not un.
like Jan Struther's book. although
the writing is better and it hits
closer home. Ev bod y has
known an American like Mrs
Peter Willoughby; he has loved
her too, her daintiness, her vague
ambitions, her good will, her in.
ability to concentrate. Mrs. Will.
loughby always saw the result, and
rarely did more than start toward
it.
This is the sort of idea that de.
mands perfect treatment. Miss
Plummer has been amazingly sue.
cessful. The humor is subtle
enough, but NOBODY could miss it.
the SMILES and such are always
pat, and the choice of background
detail is perfect.
So that the precise, though
elastic, use of words is perhaps
MISS Plummet's forte. Mrs. Will.
loughby's husband once said his
wlfe was always beautiful, sell
oon sad, and never dull" This is
an exact description of THE Col
lected Works of Mrs. Peter Will
loughby" as well. In addition, the
book is UNIQUE in America.
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-02-23

vea1S the progressivenesS OF modern railroad
are riding our trains who have never ridden
men. 1t says, in part: Thousands of people
them before, and the memories of their ex-
periences with the railroads will be lasting
ones-and will decide what their future at
titudes toward the railroads will be- If every
railroad employe with whom they come in
contact is courteous and considerate, their
impressions of the railroads will in all likeli-
hood be permanently favorable One ill-man-
nered, discourteous employee cannot only mar
a passengers trip, but perhaps make him,
or her, a permanent enemy Of the railroads.
We recognize the strain under which
passenger conductors, ticket sellers, informa-
ton clerks, dining car crews and others hand
ling passenger traffic are working. But
we cannot consistently endorse or recommend
any other than a strong and positive policy
for the utmost possible courtesy and consid-
Grafton in dealing with our railroad patrons.
And we stress that the time is now The
report then makes specific recommendations
for Installing in employees pride in railroad
ing and an honest urge to be courteous.
The railroads, in common with other pri-
vate enterprise must fight a competitive bat
tie for existence not jot less exacting than
is faced by the proprietor of the smallest
pop corn stand. The only difference is that
the latter must sell good pop corn to stay
in business, while the life of the railroads
depends upon good transportation service.
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-02-23
With Ernie Pyle

Now and then we'd get clear I'M
der the blanket and light cigar
cite and hide il under the blanket
when we puffed it. Over on the fa-
hillside where the Germans were
we could see distant light. We
finally decided it was probably a
lamp in some unwilling Italian
farmhouse.
For a little while there was a
sudden splurge of flares in the
distance. The first was orange
and then came some in green, and
then white and then some more
orange ones. Our coldiers couldn't
tell whether they were German o.
ours.
Between flashes of artillery We
could hear quite loud blasts of ma
chine guns. Even I can distinguish
between a German machine gun
and ours for theirs is much faster.
Machine guns are rarely fired
except in flashes, so the barrel
won't get too hot, but once some
Jerry just held the trigger down
and let her roll for about fifteen
seconds. boy. he'll have to put
on a new barrel after that one,"
a soldier said.
The time dragged on and we
grew colder and sitter. At last,
nearly at midnight, the phone rang
in the stiffness of our pigshed. It
was the order to CO.
One of the boys said, Its going
to be bitch of a thing to move.
The ground is slick and you can't
see your hand in front of you"
One sergeant went out to start
the word for the company to as
semble. Another disconnected the
field telephone and carried it un-
der his arm. Everybody wrestled
INTO the harness of his heavy packs.
Assemble down by the kitchen
tent" the Lieutenant told the first
sergeant. "Platoons will form in
this order - headquarters, third,
first, second, and heavy weapons.
Let's go.s
The first sergeant moved off.
moved after him. The first two
steps were fine On The third step
l went down into a ditch and said
a bad word. That's the way it was
with everybody all the rest of the
night
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-02-23
ANDREWS BECOMES
CAPTAIN OF PORT

Lieutenant Commander Ira Al
drews, USCG, mas assumed the du-
ties as captain of the port here
as successor to Lieutenant Com
mande- R. w. Thresher, who has
been ordered to sea duty as com.
manding officer of new Coast
Guard cutter, it was announced
Tuesday.
Commander AndrewS, Virgi1i-
an, came from Washington, D. c.,
where he was commanding officer
of the Coast Guard forces on the
Potomac river. During his q
years in the Coast Guard, he has
been stationed at San Francisco,
Seattle and other coastal cities.
Commander Thresher had been
captain of the port here since De-
cember 16, 1871, when the office
was established. During the first
World War he served in the Naval
Reserve as an ensign, resiging in
1923 to accept an appointment in
the U. S. Coast Guard as warrant
officer. He was promoted at vari.
Gus times to his present rank OF
lieutenant commander.
All the time Commander Thresh-
er has been in the Coast Guard
service he has been on sea duty,
with the exception of three years
spent as training officer at the U.
S. Coast Guard Academy, N W
London, Conn, and the time he
was captain of the port.
The responsibility of the captain
of the port is to safeguard the
Port of Wilmington, including
piers, wharves, terminals, other
harbor installations, and all ships
in the hacbor, and to guard all
harbor entrances within his 'juris-
diction.
The area in which Commander
Andrews holds Jurisdiction covers
the section from the southern line
of the Fifth Naval district Cons
low county linel to the North Car.
DINA South Carolina border, in
Guiding all the coastline of Pen
der, New Hanover and Brunswick
counties, and all navigable
streams within North Carolina,
with the exception Of those in the
Fifth Naval district.