davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-06-10

that the goal will automatically be
reached
Totals for three reports are 1912
members. SO, 1883. Meetings dur
ing the remainder OF this week are
expected TO swell the total TO with
in a few thousand Of the goal.
The Army division is leading,
Navy is second, Aircorps third. and
Labor fourth. in the drive. Leading
division leaders are Mrs. Ardelia
Heath and William Gardner OF the
Army: Celillus Curry and Fred
Green of the Navy. Aircorps is led
by Moses l.. Walker and Mrs. Es-
ther j. Lowe and Herbert Thomp-
son. William Kennedy Jr., is lead
e. of the Labor division.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-06-10
NO ISOLATIONISTS

DESPITE Gerald H. Smith and his ilk who are
irving to make the Middle-west safe for bigoted
nationalist who refuse TO recognize Americas re-
sponsibility for creating a world order OF mutual
respect and goodwill between nations and peoples, the
Negro leaders Of Detroit not lSolationsts ms
was evident at luncheon given last ffday by the
Michigan Chronicle and the lnterraclal committee
of the NAA.CP. in honor of the recently elected
officers of the Consular Corps in Detroit The views
expressed by our community leaders at the iuncheon
indicated quite clearly that there is genuine concern
among our people over international relationships.
They know that international patterns affect and IN
fluence relationships between minority groups with
in our nation and that what happens on the world
stage is related to our national life They know that
# democratic concepts win worldwide acceptance,
our democratic principles at home will be strength
ened immeasuraby.
The Consul for Great Britain, Cyril Cane, who
Is also the Dean of the Detroit Consular corps,
stressed the potentialities for new era OF goodwin
between nations and races which can be built upon
the new knowledge we are gaining OF one another
in the present cooperative effort to RID the world OF
fascist tyranny Ignorance of one another nurtufeS
distrust and according to Consul Cane, we are very
ant 70 hate most those whom we know least about.
This is very old truth which questions today
We have seen it demonstrated in own city where
Negroes and whites stand on opposite sdes OF lhe
wall of color and confound themselves with mutual
suspicious
There was unanimous agreement among the
Consular officers that the SNUG little world IN
which each nation thought only in terms OF Its ma
Eonal interests is giving way to a new order when
must be firmly built upon international and inter-
racial goodwill in order to foresta the recurrence OF
war and wanton violence. We too share this view
and extend if further to the relationships between
groups within nations. Partisan bigots who insist
upon white supremacy in the South are standing IN
the way of the harmonious functionng of our democ-
racy at home as the German nationalist who shout
Aryan supremacy have stood in the way OF harmony
abroad Peace, like freedom, cannot be monopolzed'
they must be shared to exist at all.
AS our boys on the battlefronts hasten the END
of this goba war, we on the home front must seek
to champion these truths which are the fruits OF
bloody experience and hasten the overthrow OF the
prime causes of human conflict. Negroes of Amerl-
ca have part to play in these affairs no matter
how remote the relationship between our plight IN
this country and international affairs may SEEM
Our aspirations for liberty and equality are shared
BY peoples everywhere And if we can trust history
we may be sure that those who struggle against IN
Justice and tyranny will always need allies.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-06-10
YMCA Has Boys
Fun Program, To
Begin June II

Annual summer fun program
sponsored by the boys department
OF the St Antoine Y NC a. will be-
gin on Saturday. June Il. with a
picnic at Joe Louis Springhill
Farm.
The YMCA. Is especially or
gained 10 give boys an opportunity
To make valuable use Of their leis-
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-06-10
Ask Mayor To Vote
For Housing Bill

NEW YORK The National Ne.
gro Congress here this week urcel
Mayor laGuardia to vote in favor
OF the DatiS-lsaacs bill passed bv
INC New York City Council barring
Jim-Crow IN al future hous 20
projects receiving city aid.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-06-10
CHEMIST HALL HoNoRED

PETERSBURG. Va. - CAMP -
The only honorary degree be-
slowed by Virginia State college
mis- year was given 20 Lloyd A..
Hall. widely known chemist OF Chi
cago who was awarded the degree,
doctor II science,
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-06-10
FIRST RED CROSS

COLUMBUS. Ohio-LANP)- NJ.
Mary Garter Miner. ore Of ne
Younger social workers in Co,um-
OJS, became the first case WORKER
VITA the home service staff or the
columbus chapter Of the American
Rcd Cross with her appointment
LIST week.,
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-06-10

urc time, engaging in gym. swim
ming. outings. outdoor games and
educational trips.
Evening star., 1944-10-17
The Introvert

MY mind and are ,Dary friends OF oil
Who happen by. In triendliness De
might
Extend hand in ans,Der to call
Or pass a tDord In Jest. but let
one sign
OF fellowship appear, the n,erest trace
OF faith IL, totdt TOE are, or might
soon be,
And ,De ,pithdrap, thro,o masks upon
the face,
And back to,pdrd isolate security.
For shame, you say, to trust no man.
and let
No friend approach? Know then,
that once our door
Was Uide to any one, and once ,ce did
forget
The best OF men are rich. the worst
are poor
In tDhat ye treasure most. MY mind
and
Hold dear our pealth. We do not
tDdste or buy.
eERaT. HAROLD APPLEBAUM,
q. 9. A.
Evening star., 1944-10-17

be measured by several circumstances
Of which the most important u probably
Russian supply difnculties, due to the
enormous length and circuitous nature
Of the Russian line of communications.
A second circumstance is the actual
military and political course of events
in Hungary; whether the Germans and
the local Nazis, for example, are able
to make q strong defense of Budapest,
on the Stalingrad order, which seems
unlikely from this distance, but cannot
be ruled out.
A good deal also depends on whether
the Hungarian troops quit in q body,
or whether some Of them keep on fight-
ing while other quit and yet others turn
on the Germans. The Germans are
reported rushing an IS division from
Austria toward Budapest; something
may depend on whether this division
gets there before the Hungarian 1st
Army enters the capital. There are
great many imponderables in the tim
ing of the whole Hungarian affair.
y
What seems plain right now is that
the last German ally is gone. The
Germans may kidnap or kill the Re-
ernment, they may for the time being
control Budapest itself, but they cannot
command the loyalty of the Hungarian
people or Of the Hungarian Army The
people and the army know that they
are being asked to fight and die, not
for Hungary's interests, but for Ger
many's. They know that they are being
made substitutes for that German man
power of which Germany is now so
desperately short. They know that
Hungary's future depends, not on Ger
many, but on the victorious United Ma
tions
At last, then, Germany stands alone
Her dupes and her victims have escaped
her clutches. Her allies, If she ever
had any true allies, have deserted her
losing cause. Back to the wall, ringed
round by the swords of inexorable JUS
tice which German violence and Ger
man cruelty have unsheathed against
her, Germany stands In savage de-
flance, while those who In her day Of
triumph fiocked to her banners creep
away into the shadows or join the
forces that are closing In for the final
reckoning.
fCnnvpiehf 1oAl>
Evening star., 1944-10-17
Last German Allv
By Maj. George FieIdins Eliot

The occurrences in Hungary almost
certainly mark the detection from the
German cause of the last of Germany's 5
satellites.
Despite the reaction Of German and
Hungarian Nazi elements in Budapest
it is hardly to be expected that after
the regents broadcast announcing that
armistice terms are being sought, the
soldiers of the Hungarian Army will
have any wish to die for Germany. It
is natural enough that the Hungarian
Naxis in the capital should seek to
save their own lives, or at least prolong
them by the few days which may be
gained; for they could scarcely expect
to escape the fate that has befallen
those Of their ilk In Romania. But the
army is not in the capital: it Is at the
front, and it is on the attitude Of the
army that the immediate future Of
Hungary now depends
The Hungarian 1st Army (reportedly
six divisions, is said to be marching
on Budapest to put an end to the NaI
coup. This army has been on the
northeast frontier, and 1t is quite pos
sible that it has no German troops with
it who could act to impede its move
from this area have, no doubt, been
struggle still raging In the vicinity Of
Debrecon.
Along the southern front, from Deb
recon to Szeged, the Hungarian I'd and
Sd Armies (probably totaling II divi-
sions), have been engaged in trying to
hold back the Russian advance across
the plains toward Budapest. With
them are about an equal number OF
German divisions. 1t Is hardly con-
ceivable that the Germans can tight
the Russians with one hand and with
the other force the Hungarians to stick
with them The Hungarians have only
to quit fighting to render the position
of the German troops desperate in
deed; If the Hungarians turn on the
Germans and attack them, the result
should be debacle.
A good deal, of course, depends on
the dispositions of the forces II the
German divisions are scattered among
the Hungarians,q as has been the Ger
man custom in the past when lighting
alongside an ally Of doubtful tendencies,
then there should be little doubt a. to
the fate OF the German units II the
Hungarians quit. II the German divi-
sions are all together under one army
command, 1t may still be possible for
them to withdraw in good order, but
they will not get far unless they get
help from Germany
\
At best, therefore, the Germans can
hope to make q fight somewhere in
Hungary at the price Of sending re-
Inducements from the Reich-at q
moment when every German soldier is
urgently needed to defend Germany It
self. At worst, they may see the
destruction Of the u divisions they al
ready have in Hungary, and they may
ind themselves under the necessity OF
defending the Moravian gateway and
the Valley Of the Danube against Rus
stan assault.
OF course there viii be . time In
tsevaL IA interval who6s length VIII
Evening star., 1944-10-17
Mr.. Turkinqton on Peuce

At seventy-five years OF age, Booth
Harrington, the novelist, certainly
is entitled to his own opinion about
what is wrong with the world and
how it might be cured. His contri-
button to the most recent issue of
World Affairs, the quarterly maga-
zine of the American Peace Society,
deserves careful reading if only be-
cause it is carefully-thoughtfully
and sympathetically-written by a
master of English prose.
Mr.. Harrington individualizes the
problem of harmony among nations.
For every living being" he declares.
"the question of his own personal
future hangs upon the future of this
violently changing world" The Gus
tom or habit of armed strife between
governments, it is his belief, bears
a comparative relation with the
practice of dueling between men.
Even when almost everybody felt
earnestly that private killing
Ought to be stopped most
people said: No, that could never
be done.' Yet dueling was forbidden.
In the same fashion, Mr.. Tarking-
ton insists: 1--WE can outlaw war and
do itnow. Less than one-tenth
of one per cent of the population of
this earth would prefer not to out
law war; all the rest of us wish to
do. it." But he argues that: I'VE
must not waste time attempting to
prevent the causes of war" any more
than 1--WE" outlawed private murder
"by eliminating the causes OF
murder"
Mr.. Harrington then warns against
well-intentioned yet confusing "the-
orists and philanthrcpists" who
wish to identify their social and
economic aims with "our co-opera-
ton with other nations to prevent
future wars" The single purpose"
Of such cooperation, he affirms,
should be "to outlaw the interna-
tional killing itself" His method
is simple enough
We can have International peace
II we can persuade a strong majority
of other nations, say forty, to join us
in ganging up Immediately on any
disturber of it. This would mean a
general treaty and an international
commission with power to watch the
military organizations maintained by
, every nation and notify all parties
to the general treaty II any govern
ment enlarged It's military forces
beyond specified limit suflcient to
do that governments share in MAIN
tanning international peace.
Now, Of course, this IL an amateurs
view. Mr.. Tarkingtou does not
Evening star., 1944-10-17

the Japanese F1eet-a strong force COM
posed Of battleships, cruisers, plane car
riers and the usual auxiliaries-decided
not to make contact. His hasty with
drawal to the safety Of his base was
explained then by the fact that he had
sent from his carriers too many planes
to help the Saipan garrisons. None OF
them returned and he could not engage
the American force because Of lack of
adequate air power.
Although the task force under Ad-
miral Mitscher wanted to pursue the
Withdrawing enemy, this was not pos
sible at the time because the Japs had
large number of land-based planes
In the Philippines and 1t would have
been taking too much risk to fieht
close to the enemy bases in those
islands.
The situation has changed somewhat.
The Japs' air bases at Formosa have
been severely damaged and it is not
likely that they can be of much use
for some time to come. For some time
the Philippines have been under con-
slant air attack by American planes
and while the destruction of the air
bases in these islands has not been
as complete as at Formosa, the Japa-
nese power has been severely curtailed
there also.
But the arrival Of American task
forces right under the nose of. the
Japanese home feet may compel the
Tokyo high command, for the sake of
maintaining its prestige within the
country, to order out the fleet. Our
naval chieftains hope the question of
prestige, which plays such an important
role with the japanese military clique,
will prevail over the overcautiousness
displayed so far in the Pacific.
Should this happen, and naval sources
believe the issue will be decided within
the next few days, we shall hear for
the first time of real first class naval
battle between the two forces-one, the
American which has desperately at,
tempted to draw the japanese out: the
other, the Japanese, which has been
temporizing In the hope that 1t some
day may catch the American naval
commanders OF their guard.
Evening star., 1944-10-17
This Changing World
Bv Constantine Brown

The most dramatic development Of
naval warfare in the Pacific Is likely to
come In the next few days, II the Japa-
nese Fleet which Tokyo says has put out
to sea meets the units under the COM
mand OF Admiral Halsey. =
So far there Is no information from
the American high command OF what
actually occurred In the twofold opera
tions against Formosa and Luzon,. 600
miles apart, except that they have been
highly successful and have brought
about the destruction of more than 600
Jap planes and q number Of transports
and auxiliaries. No large or medium
size enemy ship was hit for the simple
reason that there was none in that area.
Japanese reports Of severe losses suf-
fered by the American task forces have
received no confirmation from respon-
sible Washington quarters. The reason
nothing has been said as yet is that the
units OF the task forces must remain
silent until they return to their bases.
Those who are accustomed to reading
Japanese communiques believe, however,
that they are exaggerated as usual. For
reasons Of military security and naval
strategy, there Is no intimation rs to
how much the Japanese Admiralty has
embellished Its ofIlcial announcements.
1t seems probable. however, that An
order to save face, the japanese naval
command has ordered a portion of the
home fleet to come out and. fight the
American raiders. No contact has been
made yet, although 1t is hoped in Ameri-
can naval quarters that the Japanese
Fleet or major portion of it which has
been so elusive in the last II months
may risk a battle. This probably would
be the most welcome news the Navy has
had In months.
1t Is recalled that during last sum-
mer's operations at Saipan the japanese
high command ordered part OF its feet.
based at that time in the Philippines
and supported by units from the main
Singapore base. to save Saipan by at
tacking the American task force which
was covering landing operations.
For several days Admirals King,
Nimitz and Halsey hoped the Japanese
would give battle. The commander OF
Evening star., 1944-10-17
HopIess Hungary

The extraordinary succession of
events which took place last Sunday
in Budapest, the Hungarian capital,
reveals the chaotic plight of that
unfortunate country. Though the
details are still obscure, the general
picture looks like a telescoped YER
sion of what occurred in Italy be-
tween the fall of Fascism and the
Allied occupation of Rome. Certainly,
Hungary's present condition again
shows how woeful is the path of
escape from the Axis for any nation
which tries to repudiate the fateful
partnership entered into with Nazi
Germany.
With Russian armies sweeping
across the open Hungarian plains
and vaulting the waterline of the
Tisza, the last frail natural barrier
before the capital, Hungary's strate-
gic position has become untenable
This was publicly acknowledged by
Admiral Nicholas Horthy, titular
head of the Hungarian government,
when he announced over the radio
that, as Regent, he had asked the
Allies to grant Hungary an armistice.
However, 1t should be carefully noted
that this was not an acknowledge
ment of unconditional surrender. It
was a request for terms and was
coupled with the statement that the
Hungarian Army would continue to
fight with undiminished vigor."
This Is close parallel with the
action of Marshal Badoglio, who
coupled his proclamation that armi-
stice negotiations had been begun
with the qualification that, mean
while, "the war goes on"
In Hungary, however, events moved
much faster than in Italy. Only
three hours after Admiral Horthy's
broadcast, a leading Hungarian Nazi
went on the air to say that a new
government had been installed,
pledged to fight beside Germany to
the bitter end. Apparently coup
detat had been pulled of by native
Nazis backed by overwhelming Ger
man forces either in Budapest from
the start or rushed thither from
Vienna, which is only trifle over
100 miles away. Meanwhile, Horthy
and all leading anti-Nazis have been
reported arrested by the Gestapo
and shipped to Germany.
What will now happen is highly
uncertain. 1t should be remembered
that the Hungarian Army, though
technically under native command,
has long been integrated with the
German for practical purposes and
has been deliberately sandwiched in
with German and other puppet
troops. 1t will thus be impracticable
for the Hungarian Army to change
sides as whole even If it wished to
do so. The probabilities are that
some units will surrender easily to
the advancing Russians while others
will resist, either under compulsion
or genuinely because of anti-Russian
fears coupled with aversion to Mos
cows Romania and Yugoslav allies.
Thus Hungary, like Italy may be-
come a battle-ground of opposed
native factions, as we'll as OF con-
tending foreign armies.
Evening star., 1944-10-17
The Political Mill
By GoHld Lincoln

an independent candidate dividing the
vote.
Gov. Dwight Griswold, Republican,
Will be Reelected by big vote. He is
opposed by weak candidate, George
w. Olsen, who won the Democratic
gubernatorial nomination in a field of
four or five candidates. Olsen, an en-
ploye in the Martin Nebraska Bomber
Plant cafeteria, is at odds with the State
Democratic campaign director, William
Ritchie.
Mr.. Olsen was affronted because he
was not given place as representative
OF Nebraska on the Democratic pro-,
gram which followed President Roose-
velt's address to party workers October
5. Mr.. Ritchie spoke for the State.
However, Mr.. Olsen has been invited
to sit on the platform when Vice Presi-
dent Wallace speaks here Friday night
The prohibition issue has raised It's
head again in Nebraska. Voters are
asked to pass on proposed State dry
law. The proposal was initiated and
placed on the ballot through the ef-
forts Of the so-called Allied Dry Forces
OF Nebraska. 1t is strongly opposed by
war veteran organizations The drys
and their opponents are both claiming
victory.
The Omaha World Herald is fight
ing the proposed dry law. The Cham
Der Of Commerce of Omaha has called
attention to the fact that the Ne
braska revenue from the liquor tax
for the year ls43 was $2,52o000. OF
that amount $1,9l9,112 was allocated to
the State assistant fund. for the aged
and dependent child and the blind.
The rest was distributed among the
counties, cities and schools.
II prohibition is adopted, this revenue
will cease, and the money must be
found through some other form of taxa
ton.
Evening star., 1944-10-17
Victory Has d Price

Auc JdpdIlcSe nave annllllate0'
the American Fleet more than once
since Pearl Harbor, claiming fantas-
TIC phantom victories when actually
they have suffered heavy defeats.
Until we hear more from Admiral
Nimitz, therefore, Tokyo's reports on
the Formosa -Luzon naval air battle
must be read with the greatest res
ervation. At the same time however,
they cannot be laughed off entirely,
for there may be elements of truth
In them that will make sobering
stories when our own command feels
free to give us the details of what
has been happening.
There can be little doubt that one
OF the major battles of the war with
5apan-perhaps the greatest so far
has been taking place in the West
ern Pacific, involving not only mas
sive operations by our Third Fleet
but also the heaviest blows yet
struck by our China-bas Super
Fortresses. The main object of our
attack has been Formosa, a vital
segment of the enemys imperial
lifelines and one of his most impor-
tant bases, located deep within his
inner defense area as a bastion of
immense strategical value in rela-
ton to the Philippines, the Chinese
coast and the japanese homeland
itself. Accordingly, in view of the
stakes involved, it would be little
short Of miraculous if our forces
striking in this area could do so at
no cost.
The part played by the japanese
Fleet In the battle has not been
made clear, but our own naval forces
have unquestionably been engaged
In flaming action, their daring opera
tlons having taken them we'll within
range of the enemy's shore-based
aircraft, not to mention his sub
marines. Admiral Ninitz himself
refers to strong counterattacks"
launched against our units by "nu-
merous' planes, so that whether or
not Japan's Navy has come out in
strength, we would be counting too
much on sheer good fortune to ex-
pect that our warships have been
unscathed. In such an engagement,
the chances are all to the contrary
and some measure of loss must be
anticipated as being almost inevi-
table.
On the basis of past experience. of
course, we can be reasonably sure
that the current Tokyo claims are
vastly, exaggerated. But it is a fact
that the closer we get to Japan's
vitals, the more opposition we are
likely to meet on land, on sea and
In the air. Victory does not come
cheap, and the price it exacts cannot
be avoided, which is one of the hard
realities of war. If we learn that
our Third Fleet around Formosa has
suffered some losses-fine ships and
brave men-we shall have to take
that as the Third Fleet itself will
take it-resolutely, with an inten-
sif1ed determination to drive on
harder than ever until the day
comes when our Far Eastern enemy
Is rendered permanently incapable
OF working evil in the world again.