davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1944-03-18
A Glance At
The Negroes
Economic Future
By James A. White

The economic committee of the
Negro Chamber Of Commerce, J. A.
White, President J. L. Reddix, Prof.
A. v. Battle and DR.. A. H. Mccoy,
are making plans to assemble data
that may be used in constructing
a postwar economic structure for
Jackson Negroes. First a survey
will be made to determine the num-
Der of Negro businesses, their econ
omic value, the number of people
they employ, the volume of bust
ness they do, etc. Second, a sur
vey will be made to determine the
types of businesses best adapted to
resources of the Negroes of Jackson,
the amount of capital needed for
the successful operation of each
type of business and some sugges-
tionS how many Negroes with a
little money may pool the resour-
ces IN such a way to gain the
confidence of Negroes in coopera-
tive efforts, and the respect of other
people. Ideas will be exchanged
with the National Negro Business
League and other Negro organiza-
tons that have information on Ne
gro business.
The Social Science Department
of Jackson College has been placed
at the disposal of the economic
committee to facilitate the max
ing of these surveys The commit
tee is saking the support of all
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1944-03-18

A Goebbels communique says of
bombing, Owing to the German
defense, which went into action i'm
mediately, the American attack did
not achieve a cohesive effect" May
be not but afterwards the targets
didn't either.
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1944-03-18
BY Norman Wilson

EDWARDS, Miss, Feb. 26.-Edu-
Gators and professional men and
women embracing the four corners
of the state of Mississippi met in
their annual session at Southern
Christian Institute with President
Edward Tademy presiding-some
came by train; some by bus and
some by foot.
The theme was Victory Through
Education"
Among the pivotal topics for dis
cussion were the following: How
Can the Schools Promote Victory
Through Education? How Can the
Church and Other Agencies Pro-
mote Victory Through Education?
Judge Luther Manship of Jack
son brought to the group some very
needed and urgent facts of Juve-
nile delinquency. He said that the
l8-year-old group led all other age
levels in delinquency, with IT.
year-olds, following. There is. 81
percent increase in delinquency
among girls over the pre-war level;
96 percent for prostitution and up
wards to 100 percent increase in
drunkardness-41 percent of youth
under 81 committed robbery.
Other inspiring speakers on the
panel with Judge Manship, were:
Miss f. S. Powell, Rev. w. K. Fox,
Mr.. H. c. Harper, Miss Ruth Car
ryer, and Mr. James Gooden, lead
er.
Group singing was beautifully led
by Mrs. James Gooden, with Mrs.
A. M. Rogers at the piano. Miss
Cecilia Walker, director of Yazoo
High School Chorus, and Mrs. Ger
trude Jackson, director of Music at
Southern Christian Institute pre-
sented outstanding musical prog
rams in the Afternoon session.
President John Long should be
commended for bringing these fine
people to Southern Christian In
stitute last Saturday.
The officers elected for the next
two years are as follows:
President-Mr. A. J. Finch.
Vice President-Dean Lionel B.
Frazier
Secretary--Mrs. H. C. Hubbard.
Assistant Secretary-Mrs. Bertha
Carter.
Treasurer-Mr. James Gooden.
Registrar-Mrs. Zadie Harvey.
The meeting for next year is to
be held in Canton, Miss.
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1944-03-18

Climaxing the Teachers Meeting
was basketball game between S.
c. /. and the Y. NJ. c. A. team of
Vicksburg. The "Y" team won
1920 by the sensational playing
of Coach Albert Watts. The other
players for the "Y" were Robert
Wise, Eugene Cody, William Mitch
ell, Charles Hillard and Jessie
Parks.
The S. c. I. players were o. S.
Johnson, Robert Howard, Albert
Lee, Leonard Pale, Wallace Nee vi
B. L. Jacobs, Marcellus Smith, w.
Dillon, Leroy Jackson and Robert
Lynn.
Referee, Mr.. Reuben Turner, Tou-
galoo College.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-09-10

a Wheaties man. He understands
the lure of that famous second
helping flavor. Too. he's cooper
ating with Uncle Sans request
that we eat better breakfasts.
II your morning meal Is on the
minus side. here's swell way to
help bring il up to par: include big
bowls OF milk, fruit and Wheaties,
breakfast of Champions" Co
getting nourishment here, Wheat
les being flakes of whole wheat.
Free, New "Menu and Shop
ping Guide" for point rationing.
Handy reference list of rationed
foods with space for point values.
Space for menus. Grocery check
lists, To get your pad, mail post
card today to General Mills, Inc,
Dept. 1913, Minneapolis Is, MINI.
GENERAL MILLS, INC.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-09-10

Spread on warm or cooled cake.
Place about inches under broiler
low heat until mixture bubbles and
browns g to 5 MINI. Watch it, say
my staff at General Milisi
WHOLE GRAIN food values in our
Wheaties! Two B vitamins, iron,
food-enerey. Here's type of cereal
listed in Uncle Sam Basic 7 Food
Rules. Also seCond-helpin9 good.
So light, crisp, and tasty.
'Wh-sties' "Breskiast Of Champions"
sa1 Betty Croker" are registered
u4de marks OF Csnsral Mills,
Inc Copyfi ght i,44, Geo.
ersl Nils Inc.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-09-10

MUSr be that the bus's
Guiding Spirit IS himself
Proletarec. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1906-19??, 1944-02-09
THE SOLDIERS AND THE WORKERS

Soldiers and the war-Workers are N the same side. working and
fighting for the sam end. The best efforts of all are essential to victory.
n great majority of soldiers come from working-class homes. Many
millions of them are the sons and brothers of trade unionists. When the
war is over fighters and workers will have the same interest in getting
back to a peace basis, securing employment, making America a land
for safe and prosperous living.
Anyone who tries to drive a wedge between these two great bodies
OF citizens must have the most sinister of motives. Yet many respectable
newspapers and men high in u national councils have done their worst
IN TINS direction. The deliberate playing up of slight and sporadic diff
cu1les has beer a part of this propaganda effort. AS Hitler long ago said.
you car talk enough about anything to make people think it important.
II news meets kept printing stories about every soldier who goes A. w
Q. L., and gets drunk, they could give the impression that our Army is
DO good. The polntless repetition of talk about strikes gives a completely
iaIse picture OF our industrial workers and of their efforts.
There are other parts of the picture which could be played up-but
are not. The Office of War Information has announced RECENTLY that
deaths and injuries in Wr plants caused, during 1913 the loss of 27O
600 900 man days, Or the equivalent of the removal of nearly a million
workers. Since Pearl Harbor there have been lin our mines and factories
$500 deathS-7500 more than III military dead. The permanently
disabled add up to 100000, and those temporarily injured number
4,5O0OO0. These figures combined amount to so times the number of
American wounded and missing on all the battle fronts.
Newspapers and politicians who spend space and time to smear
rouse the soldiers and sailors against workers arr a. fraitor-
Gus IS any man who might, let us say, incite the Army against the Navy.
The New Leader
Proletarec. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1906-19??, 1944-02-09
Optimism--or Wash S!

A writer in Federated Press, from which source the Labor press
sets a large portion of its news, contains the following statement:
The Teheran conference-at which Roosevelt, Churchill and Stain
pledged their nations to work together in the peace that will follow
was the most dramatic guarantee that the United Nations will stay in
business after the war"
We say right here that we'd hate to hand that statement to our
readers without comment and expect them to believe it.
The !Teheran conference, and all that those attending it said, is a
guarantee of-nothing at all. How could anyone believe that the pledges
of diplomats arc prophetic?
We have not forgotten that
France and Russia were mutually bound to preserve Czechoslovakia
and did nothing to halt the German rape of that nation.
Little Finland" who paid her debts on the line was white and
Russia was black-umtl eXpediency and the Hitler offensive made
russia white and Finland black.
Russian and Germany began fighting each other only a few months
after a mutual agreement of cooperation.
Polish integrity was guaranteed by Britain and Poland became the
immediate cause of the British declaration of war-and now that Russia
wants a slice of what was once Poland, many British and American
patriots have discovered that Poland is not all Polish" but that, by
right, certain sections of Poland arr really Russian.
Guarantees? :. Bunk! What abodt the japanese rape of Man
chuko and the italian violation of Ethiopian violation of guarantees
offered by the League of Nations? What about all the secret and open
treaties and covenants that have been violated time and again down
through history?
There is only one thing guaranteed And that is that, after this war
as before, all nations will seek their own advantage-or the advantage
of their ruling classes. Treaties and alliances there may be. But they
will be kept only sc long as they are convenient and profitable.
The allies of World War l are the enemies of today; note those
monkeys the Japs. And the allies of today may be the enemies Of
tomorrow; note the complaint of certain United States Senators about
how Britain, even now, is conserving its resources and building its power
against the best interests of the United States; note Josef Stains war
ming to Willkie-a warning that he really was addressing to Churchill
and Roosevelt-against interfering in Russias program for Poland.
United Nations in business after the war? We wouldn't bet our own
money that they'll all be in business for the duraton-not after that
report that Stains Pravda published about a possible British-Nazi
separate peace!
Only a common danger can long unite the predatory rulers of the
world. As soon as the danger is removed they will again become indi-
vidual dogs wanting the same bone. A Peoples International is all that
can make unity real and misunderstanding Labor Advocate.
Proletarec. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1906-19??, 1944-02-09
THE BLIND LEADING
BLIND

Most Americans are tolerant of
races, national origins, and reli-
gions other than their own. This is
not true in every case, however,
and SO we need frequent reminders
that racial discrimination and reli-
gious prejudice and bigotry have
no place in this country.
At the present time there is a
large scale offensive to wipe out
discrimination against Negroes, and
to gain for them the same oppor-
tunities for employment and pro-
motion enjoyed by white citizens.
This has proved to be a big under
taking and little progress has been
made.
We have noticed that among the
leaders of organizations taking q
prominent part in the fight Tor the
Negro, are some who themselves
are not free of religious prejudice.
This, perhaps, explains their failure
to win adherents to the Negro
cause. A blind man makes a poor
guide.-The Brewery Worker.
Proletarec. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1906-19??, 1944-02-09
Bogeymon Revived

The refusal Of the American Federation of Labor to participate in
a conference With British and Soviet trade unions is a blunder which
affects more than the leaders who committed it,
The federation executive council takes the view that Russias
unions arc not free, but subservient to the Soviet state. and that
American unions therefore cannot meet them on common ground. They
RAISE the further issue that any invitation for a joint conference should
come from the International Federation of Trade Unions. instead of
solely from the British Trades Union Congress
ms sounds hke the reasoning of men completely ignorant of the
MOSCOW and Teheran conferences. The structure of the Soviet nation.
and of its trade unions a well, is different from ours. But it is absurd
9 conclude, from these differences, that British, American and Russian
organized workers do not have connon problems, n that the welfare
OF workers everywhere would not be helped by an exchange of infor-
nation and ideas. For the A. F. of L. to draw back, al if contact with
SOVIET trade unions would bring contamination, is to revert to the old
doctrine Of untouchabiliy which for 20 vars harmed the relations of
Russia mad the Western democracies. American unions have n reason
to tear that, as a result of contacts, they would lose their freedom.
clpate IN the conference. The A. F. of L. leadership should have been
equally quick to recognize that abstract differences in economic and
political structures. must not be allowed to obstruct friendly co-opera-
ton with Russia in all areas of common interest-The Chicago Sun.
Proletarec. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1906-19??, 1944-02-09
STRIKE LOSSES

The press of the nation plays up
strikes as though it were the only
news available and as though the
earth we're ready to collapse be-
cause of some labor difficulty.
November's strike losses were
tremendous the press of the ma
ton points out, but that same press
doesn't go to the trouble of getting
the true facts.
Measured in the number of man
days put in by labor, the loss by
strikes is SO small as to be hardly
worth mentioning.
Actually, the total amount of
time lost in November was only
n third of One per cent of the
total time labor put in.
But nothing is said Of labor's con-
tribution of some 1882 per cent of
its total time at war labor. Oh, no,
the only mention in the press is Of
the n third of one per cent Of the
days lost by strikes.
Another proof that labor needs
a good daily labor press.
We pause to wonder how many
"man-days'' were lost to industry
through absence of the big shots
Proletarec. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1906-19??, 1944-02-09
LIVING COSTS JUMP
AZ PCT. SINCE 194l,
IHINRICHS ADMITS

If a worker who received $1,400 a
year in 1941 is not earning more
than $4,000 now, the chance is he
and his family are hungry.
That is a fair Interpretation of
testimony before a Senate commit
tee recently by A.. F. HinrichS, act
He declared that there has been a
AZ per cent rise in living costs since
1941, which is not far from esti-
mates submitted to the committee
by spokesman for organized labor.
Hindricks stuck to his contention
that the 23,4 per cent rise reported
in the official cost-of-living index is
correct, but he added that higher
taxes and other factors facing the
housewife are not included in the
index.
The index, Hinrichs declared, ac-
curately reflects changes in unit
prices and is appropriate to the mar
row statistical purposes which ii
purports to serve. However, he adj
ded, it does not pretend to measure
actual overall changes in living
costs, including changes resulting
from wartime shortages of some
commodities and the poorer quality
consumers are compelled to take
because of widespread substitution
and adulteration.
Proletarec. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1906-19??, 1944-02-09
Decd Horses Do Not PIow

How much of the industrial plant we have built for wal will turn
cut to be useful in peace? Our total industrial plant is now 70 percent
greater than it was when wa broke out in 1899. Put that to work
and peacetime prosperity should be just around the cornec?
No, says the kiH-joy National Industrial Conference Board. That
employers organization finds that less than a fifth of the number of
war plants will be of substantial use in peace. OF the $27, SOC, 600 900
spent for war plants some $12 OOO 100000 went for nonindustrial
plants. Of the remaining SIS 500, 900 900 worth of plant and equipment
it is hardly possible that more than SIS 1000, 900 900 worth will be use
full for peacetime production.
It's the old story. You can't eat powder and you can't wear cannon.
After a. war, most of the war investments III dead horses, and there's
no use to cry about it.
But it is worth while to think about how to pay for the dead horses.
A speaker before the National Manufacturers Association thinks
we should prepare to raise nine billions of dollars per year for 100 years
to pay off the war debt, which he figures will be $500, 600 900 900. This
would be paying $780, 900, 900 O00-or just 100 billion short of a tri1ion
dollars, for III horses-mos1y dead ones. Figures such as those explain
why some people m studying the Capital Levy al a means of writing
off some dead horses-United Mine Workers Journal.
Proletarec. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1906-19??, 1944-02-09
"BLUEPRINTS OF POST
WAR r

A few days ago Stuart Chase, an
able economist who is also blessed
with common sense, and Paul Hoff-
man, president of the Studebaker
Corporation, presented to a Wash
ington audience "blueprints for q
postwar world Both agreed that
full employment was the key to
our economic problems.
Chase argued that industry should
be encouraged in every reasonable
way TO provide the jobs. If indus
try slowed up, he would have the
government step in with public
works, social security and other
devices. He gave this set-up a
fancy name, compensatory eco
nocy." Despite the name, his idea
is excellent.
Hoffman predicted there would
be a tremendous demand for goods
after the war and insisted it would
be possible to provide jobs for
from $4,000, 900 to So, 900, 900 work.
ers and they could boost produc-
ton 1872 per cent above 1910.
Putting it in a nutshell: Every
thing depends on our success in
providing jobs at proper wages. If
we do that, we will weather the
storm. If we make only a half
hearted effort, we are in for
trouble. - Labor.
Proletarec. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1906-19??, 1944-02-09
WHY ARE MUNITION
MAKERS SMILING?

How should war contracts be
adjusted" after actual fighting
ceases? Billions are involved. Un-
less someone is on guard to protect
his interests, Uncle Sam will liter
ally ''lose his shirt" Comptroller
General Lindsay Warren has been
displaying danger signals for more
than a year. Apparently he has
been pushed aside. The munitions
makers have won a big victory.
An adjustment plan has been
drafted by Barney Baruch, "As-
sistant Presidents Byrness and
John Hancock, a New York banker.
The details have not been given to
the public, but the munitions-mak-
r r smiling contentedly. For
the, record" they may protest a
little, but they are sure Baruch
Byrnes and Hancock will take
care of them" They are not likely
to be disappointed.
What would happen if the adj
ministration named three trade
union leaders to determine how
war workers should be demobilized
and compensated, or three dirt
farmers to arrange a postwar pro-
gram for agriculture? We leave the
answer to the imagination of oul
readers. - Labor.
Proletarec. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1906-19??, 1944-02-09
MISS KELLEMS DEFIES
UNCLE SAM

Within the last few days practi-
cally every daily paper in the land
proudly displayed, generally on its
first page, a story about Miss Wv
len KellemS, described as "a West
port, Conn, industrialist and war
plant owner"
Addressing a civic group" in
Kansas City, Miss Kellems amour
ced that she had not paid her DE
cember Is, 1943, income tax" and
she called on "all business men" to
join her ''in defying the govern
ment'' by refusing to pay their tax
es and placing the money thus saw
ed in reserves to be used after the
war is over.
Suppose someone, who isn't col
lecting profits from a war contract,
made that statement. What would
happen? Above all, suppose the
culprit were a trade unionist? Can't
you see the scare headlines in the
newspapers: TRADE Unionist De-
fies Uncle Sam; Refuses to Pay His
Taxes and Calls on All Other Trade
Unionists to Follow His Example?
It's different when a wealthy in
dustrialist unfolds the flag of re
volt and announces she will have
nothing to do with a government
which takes her dollars away from
her-even in war times.-Labor.
Proletarec. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1906-19??, 1944-02-09
After Unconditional Surrender"
What Kind of Peace and for Whom?
By S. HoFsEs, Editor, Reading Labor Advocate

order of domestic Socialism-Well
I'm still better off than that other
agitator, who ended up by being
crucified.
Anyway, 1 can only tell MY
story.
Now, as before the war began,
war is the natural consequence of a
system of human exploitation and
class conflict. War fits with capital
ism. Peace doesn't. And so we have
war.
If this war ends-whether now
or some time in the future and
whether by complete conquest or
by negotiation-With the private
profit system still a going concern,
then the people who r in control
of that system-namely, the own
ing class - will end it the way
THEY want it to end and establish
the rules of life THEY want to es-
tablish for THEIR advantage.
And then, to be sure, we shall
again move forward to a new con-
flict and a new war.
What ] submit is that the task of
Workers-and for all people of
good will is the building Of a
society in which peace will be as
logical as war is logical under a
society Of human exploitation.
Socialism first! That's the task at
hand for people who want to be
secure and free!
Yes,.it's an old story. No, the peo-
pie have not listened to it.
That's why the last peace was a
phoney, despite the high idealism
Of Woodrow Wilson's IA points.
And that's why millions Of the best
boys of all nations are dying on
battlefields now.
The negotiation of masters has
lever brought freedom to slaves.
Nor have their compacts kept the
peace for long.
Proletarec. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1906-19??, 1944-02-09

/ don't suppose there are many
Americans outside of insane asyl-
ums who would mourn if peace
would come to the world this very
minute. Moreover, it seems to me
that anybody who does any think
ing at all must realize that, for all
the blatant talk about "uncondi-
tional surrender" the terms upon
which nations will live together
simply must be ultimately nego-
tiated.
And yet, the appearance of liter
allure from an organization calling
itself ''The Peace Now Movement
and the plea of that movement for
a negotiated peace now, leaves me
c%old--just as I expect l shall be
cold at the wars end when, and if,
it comes with the same old econom-
ic masters in control of the nego-
tiating nations.
It's so very important who does
the negotiating, and SO apparent
that the people now in a position to
negotiate will argue and plan to-
ward, and not away from, the ex-
ploitation of workers for the adj
vantage of owners, that | must in
sist that the Inauguration of an
order of economic and social demo-
cracy here at home is the first
thing that should absorb the in
terest Of American workers.
And unless that first thing is
done first--NOW, while the War is
going on - the detectives of the
war, which ever our president feels
obliged to emphasize to justify the
war itself, will be forgotten and
discarded just as surely as the high
ideals that justified World War I
were scrapped when the shooting
stopped and the rulers Of labor-ex-
plotting nations met to bargain,
plot and negotiate"
1t was my evaluation of the inn
portance of who does the negOtia-
ting that caused me to approve the
recent action of the Socialist Par
tvs national executives when they
warned against negotiating with
fascists. They are opposed to that.
And SO, l take it, they must be op-
posed, or at the very least indifer-
ent, to negotiations that may be
managed by native labor exploiters
whose highest hope is power and
whose dollar patriotism is patiently
international.
1t may be recalled that this col
m raised the question who and
why when Wendell Willkie re-
turned from a flying trip around
the world with the news that what
the world needs is a program of
economic internationalism." Then,
as now, it seemed important to
know who would be IN control OF
the world and of the nations of the
world. Because, workers just can't
expect much in the way of liberty
from any agreement that their ex-
ploiters find mutually satisfactory.
Seek We first the kingdom of
God" was the advice of al earlier
agitator, who promised that when
that Kingdom is found all else
would be added.
And if | am greeted with super
cilious smiles when | advise anyone
who may listen to seek first the