davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-04-01
Uncle Roy's Corner

where does meerschaum come
from?" asks Edward Foelsch, and he
adds, II believe it comes out of a
mine, but others tell me 1t is a sea
foam"
Meerschaum is mineral which
is something like clay Most of the
worlds supply comes from mines in
Asia Minor, but 1t also Is found in
Greece and few other places.
When this mineral is dry 1t Is 50
light that it will float on water.
Masses of 1t have been seen floating
on the Black Sea from time to time.
probably coming from banks which
caved in. The ability of the sub
stance to float explains the name
"meerschaum," which means sea
foam," but it is not composed of
frothy water.
Where did the name Peru come
from?" asks Loretta Maggie.
1t Is believed that Peru was named
after an Indian chief. This chief
was known as "Biru" and had con-
troll over an area in the northwest
ern corner Of South America.
Spanish soldiers invaded the land
of this chief in 1915 and again in
1922. They called the section they
conquered the province of "Biru."
Later, 1t seems, the name was used
for great stretch of land to the
south, the Spaniards and natives
changing it to "Piru" or Peru"
| Another question, which fits the
present date, has been asked by more
than one person:
How did April Fools day get
started?"
No one knows exactly how this
odd custom was started, but it seems
most likely to have come from a
change in the calendar.
Long ago, in France and elsewhere,
this year opened on March IS in
stead OF January 1. The French
celebrated the new year with feast
ing from March Is to April and
the chief feast came on the list Of
April.
France adopted the LIST Of Janu-
airy as New Year day shortly after
1882, but many persons still feasted
on the LIST of April. Those who did
that seem to have earned the name
of April fish," For many years
Frenchmen have called any one
fooled on this date a poisson d.
dAvril," or April fish,"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-04-01
I~eA @1
Waits to Apologize

SALT LAKE CITY pa woman
here from Provo, Utah. provided a
new ending to the old story about
trying to post a letter in a fire
alarm box. She quickly realized the
error, but wouldn't leave until the
f1remen had arrived so she could
apologize.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-04-01

URGENTLY NEEDED.
viii pay ali cash for nice privately
owned car. Phone North 3273 %
WILL PAY TOP CASH PRICES
For Any Make or Model Car
a.. PACKARD MOTOR SALES CO.
S&4@ 24th 81. NV. RE. 0l23.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-04-01
10 THE EVENING STAR, Washington, D. c.
AUTOMOBILES FOR SALE Cont,

PLYMOUTH 1887 sedan radio, heater,
new battery. good tires. ST. 6759. -
PLYMOUTH 1898 bus. coupe, $3.50: seen
al day Sunday. is SIND St sc, Tin
PONTIAC 1898 de luxe 2-door sedan; Mo-
ttorola radio; heater good tires cleRns ex-
RI ia4i e;cxI: club coupe. Sid
srs. 5000 Georgia ave. sH' .iiSI0' '"'
PONTIAC 1941 2-door coach: radio. heater
PVT. owner. UN. 1921 between 8 am.
And pm. weekdays,
PONTIAC 1910 COW. 5-pass. coupe; radio
tires; new top: S1,175, Uptown. Motors,
5l3Q Wisconsin ave- wo. 9s47. Open
PONTIAC 1e41 "so Torpedo sedan: gray
hntsh; l owner: immaculate interior, radio,
Wheeler, Inc, 4Sl0 Wisconsin. OR. Io@0.
PONTIACS tSD 1941 sedans. sedanettes
and sport coupes; nice selection. Arcade
Pontlac Co, 1897 Irving st. NV. AID. $500.
PONTIAC %" club coupe; heater. radio.
poeo 1 1T q, 60 San be seen at 1872 18th St
PoNTIAC G 1910 Torpedo 4door; radio
and heater: excel cond. throughout: $4,000
mi: Sl,045 cash or best offer. Can be
sen Rsn S12 sslgo ave, Silver sprins No
sTuDE sd * Re- 1s a. CONN Commander coupe
radlo and heater, very fine condition inside
snd out. fine running motor. See this car
e fiafs st. you nw BUY D1 6f D. Butler Co. l12l
sTuDEBAKER Is41 Champion 2-door
seoans neater and oYerdrlve. beautiful ma
room finish. This car is a good value. Lee
u PSMa,lsr Ga o3e 1l2l a1St st NV: d, ono
soo good Call evenings or Sunday, Temple
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-04-01
ResourcefuE Bid

North's bid of three diamonds Is
the salient feature of this hand.
For many years experts have used
cue bids usually for slam purposes)
to, show suit controls. Recently
these control-showing bids have
been extended to show stopper in
suit previously unbid, to invite a
no-trump bid from partner. In the
hand above South's jump to three
clubs on the second round forced
North to continue to game con-
tract. OF course, North could have
bid three no-trump, since he held
the diamond ace, but he could see
absolutely no advantage in having
the lead come up to his bare dia-
mond ace. On the other hand, If,
as actually proved to be the case.
South held the diamond queen. a
lead Up to his hand would insure
two diamond shoppers.
The results bore out North's rea-
soning. West opened a diamond.
South won with the queen and
easily made four no-trump. But if
North had bid three no-trump East
would have opened the diamond
jack through South's queen. East
and West would then win four dia-
mond tricks and the ace of hearts.
Yesterday you were Howard
Schenken's partner. Both sides
were vulnerable. You dealt and
held:
AA106532
0KJ982
| %
4 10
Answer - Pass. Your hand Is
strong; but, for that very reason,
you can safely pass because you
can enter the bidding If some one
else opens it. You do not have as
much in high cards as your partner
could reasonably expect if you
opened the bidding.
Question No. 1850.
Today you hold the same hand
and the bidding continues:
You Jacoby Schenken Lightner
Pass Pass 10 Pass
Co
What do you bid? (Answer Mon
day.
Relessed by the Bell Syndicate. Inc)
The Four Aces will be pleased to an
sswer letters from readers If a stamped
| l3-centl, self-addressed envelope is in
closed with each Communication i'd
dressed to the Four Aces, care OF The
evening Star; II you desire the pocket
outline OF the Four Aces system OF
contract bridge. send with your request
70 % the -Four Aces care OF The Evening
large-size envelope and you will receive
an Outline without any charge
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-04-01
ETTER-OUT

Remove letter
called Tor IN the last column Print
nte the WORD from which
correctly, it's caused by combustion.
Answer Yesterdays LETTER-OUT i
ter-Out
CP) IMPEL-LIME (crus fruit
C) DISASTER-STRIDES takes lonpse
tP) AMPERES-RESEAM AGAIN.
'E) GENTIIE-TINGLE do co,d,
tR) PORTRAIT-PATRIOT The his country N''
Montana labor news., 1944-04-20
MONTGOMERY-W WARD
CASE TO ROOSEVELT

WASHINGTON-FP)-The National
War Labor Board indicated here April
IA that it would refer the Montgomery
Ward case to President Roosevelt for
action without issuing a back-to work
order to the firms striking employees.
Approximately $500 workers affiliated
with the United Retail Wholesale & De-
partment Store Employees (CIO) left their
jobs in Chicago and Kansas City because
of the c%ompany's failure to extend their
union contract during negotiations.
Montgomery Ward has been fighting
u%nionization Of its workers in the courts.
in nationally distributed newspaper adj
v%ertisements and on the radio. IL has
been firmly attacked by the wLB, in
Guiding its public and management mem-
bers, for its failure to abide by the
boards regulations and orders.
In a recent case in Baltimore, a WLB
panel reported to the regional board
recommending maintenance Of member
ship provisions in a contract between the
order house and the International
Longshoremens & Warehousemens union
(CIO). Tt supported its action by say
ing 1.-THE union has no reason to rely Oh
the good will Of the company and that
it has genuine cause to fear that efforts
will be made to bypass it,"
Montana labor news., 1944-04-20
TRANSFERS HOLD
CONVENTION AT
MISSOULA APRIL l6

The State Teamsters held its annual
meeting in the Labor Temple at Mis-
soula Sunday. April 16. Delegates were
present from every local in the state, in
Guiding executive board members of the
Transfers Joint Council. Some of the
members of the executive board also act
as delegates. The rules of the organi-
cation provide that it is necessary for
executive board members of the various
locals be present in order to hold a state
election. The election of officers took
place Sunday, April Is, and the follow
ing were elected:
Norman Sloan, Helena, president.
Harvey Lynde, Billings, vice president.
Austin G. Thompson, Great Falls, sec
retary-treasurer
Frank j. Birmingham, Butte, recording
secretary.
Trustees are Pete Baron Of Missoula,
John Mogus of Anaconda, with the newly
elected trustee, Walter Drost, of Havre.
Mayor Dewitt Mason of Missoula vel
coined the convention to the Garden
City and wished the deliberations to be
constructive and successful.
Matters of Importance affecting the
Transfers Unions were taken up and
the delegates went on record in favor
Of united postwar economic planning.
Montana labor news., 1944-04-20
PRICE CONTROL ACT
UNDER ATTACK

Congressman Scanlon of Pennsylvania
last week released a letter Of invitation
signed by nine other congressman, to
an emergency conference to save the
price control act, on April 1920 in the
Caucus room of the old House Office
Building. This committee is composed
of congressman who have fought repeat
ed threats to our stabilized war economy.
Known originally as the Fighting Forty
the congressional participants have now
grown to 60 ana are still growing.
Within the last year the Congressional
Committee for the protection Of Con-
sumers has held two conferences in sup
port Of the administration subsidy pro
gram, both of which were given enthusi-
astic support by delegates from white
collar, church, labor, veteran, farm and
consumer groups.
The letter of invitation to the present
conference said in part:
we have before us one of the most
important undertakings in the achieve
ment Of a stable wartime economy that
has yet faced this Congress. on June
Goth of this year the present Emergency
Price Control law expires. Unless this
law is reenacted every price and rent
ceiling, all authority for wage stabiliza-
ton, will become null and void and we
will be faced with unbridled initiation.
Of course every sane person is patiently
in favor of wartim control of our econ
omy and against initiation. Nevertheless
we have seen numerous threats to these
existing controls in the form of emascu-
latlng amendments proposed to be writ
ten into the law. price control for the
other fellow is a popular slogan Of the
special interest groups who are swarm
ing into the Capitol seeking relief.
Because of this dangerous p%redicament
of our sterilization program on the eve
of the mightiest engagement of our
armed forces we are calling a conference
to save the price control act, on April
18th and 10th"
This letter of invitation has been
signed by the following congressman:
Thomas E. scanlon, Chairman, Pa;
Howard McMurray, Wis. VIM. A. Row
an, Ill. Thomas Ford. Cal Maurice
Sullivan. New; Usher l. Bmdick. N. D.;
Anne j.. Forand, r. T.; Charles A. VOL
verton, N. j.; d. K. Hoch, Pa, and John
d. Dingell, Mich.
Montana labor news., 1944-04-20
MEDICAL TRUST
.SCARES DOCTORS

DETROIT-(FP)-In order to intimi-
date progressive doctors into keeping
silent on their approval Of the Wagner
Murray-Dngeu social security bill with
it's health insurance section, the Woyne
County Detroit) Medical society is put
ting every member on the spot.
President Wyman D. Barrett, M. D.,
of the society not only sem out a ques-
tionnaire to every member but also sent
out the following followup to put them
on record:
MY dear doctor-We find in going over
our records that you did not reply to
the QUESTIONABLE relative to the Wag-
ner-Murray-Dingel bill. We are in no
way trying coe-cion, as we were accused
of at the Lawyers Guild meeting, but We
would like to have an expression from
the profession whether or not they are
in favor of this bill. It is not necessary
for you to sign the card. 1t is suffi-
Gent if you will simply answer yes or
no"
Progressive doctors suspect that the
medical trust is resorting to some con-
cealed method of keeping tab on who
answers how.
The bill, cordially Endorsed by the AFL
and CLIO, is being fought tooth and nail
by the upper crust Of doctors and by the
patent medicine takers. the insurance
rackets and most Of the daily press, ac-
cording to union Spokesman fav9ring
federal health insurance for everybody
through a payroll tax.
Montana labor news., 1944-04-20
Elizabeth Ireland
Files for Office

HELENA.-Miss Elizabeth Ireland Of
Havre, state superintendent Of public
instruction, Monday filed with Secretary
Of State sam w. Mitchell a petition for
the Republican nomination for her pres
ent office at the July primary.
Miss Ireland is completing her third
term in the office. She was elected first
in 1928, reelected in 1892, and elected
again in 1910 after losing the office in
1896. She was the only successful Re
publican candidate fora state office in
1882.
In her statement Miss ireland pledged
to advocate a good business administra-
ton for every school district, keeping
yearly expenditures within yearly re
ceipts," and ito work for a good school
for every boy and girl in Montana, re-
CARELESS Of place of residence or eco
nomic status
Montana labor news., 1944-04-20
Who OWNS The
WATERS OF THE
MISSOURI RIVER?

Who owns the waters Of the great big
turbulent Missouri river and who has
the right to control the use of such
waters?
We know that these waters are the
public heritage of all Of the people Of
the state and the right to control same
should be and forever remain in the
state.
There has recently terminated a law
suit in which the right of the state to
this water was seriously threatened. In
fact a judgment of the federal district
court for the District of Montana, in
effect took control Of these waters from
the state and granted such control to a
private corporation. 1t was only by a
reversal Of such judgmen tin the circuit
court of appeals that this great asset
so essential for the future development
of the state was saved for the people.
This law suit was brought by the Mon
tana Power company against the State
Water Conservation Board Of the state
of Montana and the Broadwater Mis-
souri, Water Users Association.
The action has been pending for
nearly five years. The complaint was
filed on May %, 1889. Prior to that
time the State Water Conservation
Board had investigated the matter Of
constructing a project to secure a supply
Of water from the Missouri river for tie
use of farmers in the vicinity of Toston
and Townsend, Mont. This water is alb
s%olutely necessary for the farmers in
this area in order to mature their crops,
and to maintain their livelihood. For
more than forty years it has been well
known that this water was needed for
these lands. The project was approved
in a memorial Of the state legislature
in 1887 with scarcely a dissenting vote.
In its complaint, in the United States
district court, the power company
claimed the right to all of the waters
flowing in the Missouri river at its sew
eral %hydroelectric plants. 1t alleged
that it was using and will continue to
use for its electrical development AL
Continued on Page Two
Montana labor news., 1944-04-20
COST OF LIVING
FIGURES CAPITALS
BIGGEST BATTLE

WASHINGTON.-FP)-One Of the
biggest though least bloody battles in
Washington is being fought over the cost
of living.
There are lots of figuerers and they all
say figures don't lie. But that's the only
point on which the contenders agree.
Is the cost Of living stationary, in
creasing or decreasing?
On April 10 the Worn and bedroggled
Department of Labor's Bureau Of Labor
Statistics won a new champion in the
form of the National Industrial Con-
ference Board.
The NICB is supported by business
management and its statement challenges
the assertion by the AFL and CLIO mem
bers of the Presidents cost of Icing com
mittee that the BIS index is an made
quate gauge for making wage adjust
ments.
AFL Sec. Treas. George Meany and
CLIO Vice Pres. R. j.. Thomas conclude in
their recent report that living costs have
gone up 43.5 per cent in the past th1ee
years. The BIS index for the same
period shows only 234.
But the labor members were not de-
pending on their own figures alone. They
brought in another federal agency, the
Dept. of Agriculture's bureau of agri-
cultural economics, which released fig
ures showing the cost of living for farm
ers has increased 42.6 per cent.
With AFL and CLIO conducting all
out drives to obtain wage increases
through a realistic revision of the Little
Steel formula, the fight to determine
which index and set of figures to use is
becoming increasingly important.
Although the management o%rganiza-
ton, NICB, did not issue any figure Of
its own, the two industry members of
the Presidents cost of living committee,
H. B. Horton and George K. Bait, de-
livered it to the White House and said
that for the present they'd not offer any
factual evidence of their own.
The NICB report said an analysis Of
the Meany-T Thomas conclusions and
other data leads to the inescapable con
that the labor members report
does not invalidate the historic measures
Of changes in living costs used by the
BIS and the NICB.
Montana labor news., 1944-04-20

, Free enterprise must and can yield
full employment and abundance for all
in postwar America, spokesman for the
AFL, farmers and administration agreed.
Industry will need the cooperation Of
federal, state and local governments, AFL
Sec.-Treas. George Meany and War
Mannower Commissioner Paul v. McNutt
added. Full employment will not lust
happen'-it must be written into law
and planned for by government, Pres.
James Patton Of the National Farmers
Union underlined.
Big business, represented by Pres.
Robert Gaylord Of the Natl. Assn. Of
Manufacturers and Pres. Eric Johnston
Of the u. s.. Chamber of Commerce, had
other ideas about free enterprise after
the war. Free enterprise means getting
rid Of New Deal legislation, taxing profits,
curling monopolies and protecting labor
and removing the present administra-
ton, they asserted. And free enterprise
cannot promise full employment or
plenty for the people, they explained.
Terming Jobs for all a dream plan
ners' promise Gaylord warned: There
is going to be tough eoingJparticularly
in the transition period. There is going
to be some unavoidable ~dislocation in
employment But people should not
"holler for government help" he said, or
else the enterprise system might never
get its chance to function successfully. e"
Johnston, whose speech was telephoned
from Seattle, echoed the warning Of IN
employment ahead and the emphasis on
going back to private enterprise freed
from government control"
In further contrast to the picture
painted by the NAM and C. of c. leaders.
McNutt declared that by extending into
the peace the wartime cooperation Of
industry, labor and government, I'VE can
create an economy Of abundance that
will outstrip any prosperity this country
has ever known and make it endure. We
can guarantee every mar and woman
who wishes to work a fulltime job at a
fair wage"
Declaring that genuine free enter
prise for farm people could best be salts
fled by making sure every one in the
U. S. had enough to eat and enough to
wear, Patton said that can be achieved
through full use Of all our human and
material resources, full production, fun
employment, fair distribution Of income
and fr,I oooet7r,Dffo, -
This will not Just happen" he warned,
and it cannot be left to independent
planning of farmers, labor and industry
or to "the mystic operation of socalled
free private enterprise"
Ultimately" Patton said, "full en-
ployment can be brought about only by
actions that go beyond planning and
discussion, that go beyond informal
agreements, and are finally written into
legislation policies and adequate provi-
sions for reaching the desired goal"
Whether the necessary public planning
will take place depends on the political
action taken by the people in the cleo
ton, he indicated.
Montana labor news., 1944-04-20
Teachers to Hold
BANQUET TONIGHT

The Butte Teachers union will hold
a banquet tonight at $50 o'clock in the
Finlen hotel to celebrate its tenth an
niversary and to hear irwin R. Kuenzli,
ecretary-treasure of the American Fed
Grafton of Teachers.
Ruth MCGEE will be postmaster. The
speakers will be introduced by Mary Nc
NeNelis, union president. Miss Gisela
Granting is chairman of the arrange
ments committee.
The program Of entertainment will in
clude: Toast to local 1872 by Miss Anna
O'Brien. response, Superintendent Of
Schools Lowell johnson; vocal solo, Miss
Marguerite Manning: musical reading,
Memories" Mrs. Fulton Grant Kelleher;
violin solo, Miss Ester Finnevid; group
singing, with Miss Emil Sherman as ac-
companist.
Montana labor news., 1944-04-20
Butte Marine Receives
Promotion While Fighting
JAMS in New Britain

CAPE GLOUCESTER, New Britain
Delayed Marine Private First Glass A.
w. Carey, 20, of SOB West Broadway,
Butte. recently was promoted to his
present rank here.
The young Marine celebrated his
twentieth birthday February 9 fighting
Japs on the front lines.
After attending high school in Lincoln
and Butte, he went to work for the Ana
conda Copper Mining company in Butte.
He entered the Marine corps January
IA, 1913.
His parents, Mr.. and Mrs. Al Carey.
live in Butte.
Montana labor news., 1944-04-20
Public Invited to
Hear Melbv

Mothers, wives and sweehearts Of men
in the service are invited to attend an
open meeting of the American War Dads
which will be held at the American Lee
gion hall Thursday night. DR.. E. D.
Melby chancellor Of the Greater Uni
versity Of Montana, will be the speaker.
He will discuss some phases Of postwar
matters as relates to the men in the
armed forces.
The meeting will start at 8 o'clock.
Two special entertainment numbers will
be offered, it was stated by Fred I. Root,
chairman of the program committee.
Stanley Babcock is president of the Or
ga~nization.
Montana labor news., 1944-04-20
.BROAS T WORK OF
POSED
In UNION RESOLUTION

The following resolution was sponsored
by the Building Service Employees Inter
national Union, Local 6, 1862 Third
avenue, Seattle, Wash. It very definite
ly opens up new fields of information
and should be a factor in developing
interest in political democracy:
Requesting That the Proceedings Of
Congress Be Broadcast So That the
People Will Understand Clearly
the Functions of Democracy
in the Making
WHEREAs-The affairs of Congress
and of government in general are vital
to every citizen; and
WHEREAS-No present method exists
to provide full information to the aver
age citizen about the real happenings in
our Congress; and
NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS. is the simplest and
most effective medium for c|ommunicat-
ing with every American in every part
Of the country; and
WHEREAS-New Zealand adopted a
program of short-Wave ~broadcasts of the
proceedings of its parliament, and has
successfully demonstrated that full
knowledge by citizens of the affair of
government stimulates and strengthens
the democratic system; and
WHEREAS-Our Congress could lease
radio time from one or more networks,
several important and powerful stations,
or broadcast by short-waye all important
debates, excepting such matters as might
ieopardize national security during this
war;
NOW THEREFORE BE IT RESOLVED
That we propose and urge upon Con-
gress enactment Of the necessary meas
ures to establish a nationwide broadcast
Of its proceedings; and be it further
RESOLVED That we communicate
with each political party asking that
this proposal be considered and included
in the program adopted at its next con-
vention; ana be it further
RESOLVED-That a copy Of this Reso-
luton be sent to Vice President Wallace,
to the members of Congress, to the press,
and to the sponsors.
Montana labor news., 1944-04-20
Fox Theater Opens
With Evening Shows

Welcome news to the people Of ButJe
was the announcement that the man
agement Of the Fox Theater corporation
intends to open the Fox theater on
West Park street. According to Mr..
Hansen pictures will be shown every
evening throughout the week but no
matinees. A popular price of 80 cents
Will be charged and this includes the
tax. Mr.. Hansen has secured a number
Of high class films which assures Butte
theater goers of excellent entertainment.