davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1944-10-22
luke Box Reformed
From the Richmond (va.) Times-Dispatch

1rom the Richmond (Va.) Times-Dfspatch
Jack Schneider, director of the Fort
Hamilton Service Mems Center In
Brooklyn, N. Y, has got something. He
has started what Git is devoutly to be
hopeD may be revolution in juke-box
circles.
AS every one should know by this time,
Juke box is mechanical gadget, mui-
ticolored and looking something like a
dlpsomaniac's nightmare, that plays rec
ords. More often than not, it is loud
and raucous.
The Brooklyn service center's luke
box, however, is different. Push but
ton, and instead of hi-de-ho, out come
the sweet notes of a Bach or Brahms
composition.
Fort Hamilton is an embarkation and
deDarkation point. The men who ar
rive there, Mr. Schroeder observes. are
in somber mood their nerves are taut.
they want to relax" Boogie-woogie and
Jive sets them on edge Mr.. Schneider
hit on the bright idea of furnishing
soothing music for the boys
Soldiers who have heard about Bee
thoven or Mozart only vaguely threaten
to wear out the classical juke box In
short order. With commendable insight
MIR Schneider noted that In the case
OF the men at Fort Hamilton, ''it was
not question Of having the tradition
OF great music, but the feeling that
great music could give them the peace
they were seeking"
Some day-who knows?-the people
who supply juke boxes with the shrek
ing, nerve-tearing jingles which are
played night and day may awaken to
the fact that this contrtvance can be
more than N instrument Of torture.
Evening star., 1944-10-22
Remedy and Relief

Inc extraordinary SedltlOn trlal
now in progress serves to dramatize
the wholly Illogical and inherently
unwise system under which attor-
neys assigned by the court to de-
fend INDECENT clients in criminal
cases receive no compensation for
their services. AS pointed out in an
excellent article in The Star by Car
ter Brooke Jones last July, some of
the able attorneys assigned to the
defense in the sedition case face a
real financial catastrophe as a re-
suit of their loss of regular legal
work during this interminable trial.
In getting behind legislation, al
ready introduced by Representative
Magnuson of Washington, to COM
pensate court-appointed attorneys
in Federal criminal cases, the Dis
trict Bar Association is looking to
the remedy of condition which
has been long since corrected in
some other jurisdictions and which
should not be permitted to exist
here. Aside from the financial
losses to the attorneys, which may
or may not be offset later on by
more remunerative court assign
ments, the system of unpaid defense
attorneys does not work to the best
interests of the defendants. Not
only do the lawyers receive no com
pensation for their personal serv-
ices, but there is no allowance for
expenses incurred in preparation of
cases. While most of the attorneys
who assume court assignments as a
matter of duty and as a matter of
honor put forth their best efforts,
every legitimate expense involved in
the preparation of a case should be
charged to public funds-not left to
the lawyers judgment of what he
can afford to spend out of his own
pocket
The fine conception of justice
underlying the traditional volun-
teer service of lawyers would be
strengthened, rather than weak
ened, by a fair system of compen-
sation. This would not eliminate
the public service character of
court-assigned defense work. The
judges themselves could be counted
upon to retain the spirit of the pres
ent system, without demanding ex-
cessive personal sacrifice on the
part of volunteer counsel.
Evening star., 1944-10-22
Munich and the Czechs

With Russian forces now in Czecho-
slovakia in strength and with at
least third of the country's east
ernmoSt province already liberated,
1t is at once grimly satisfying and
instructive to recall that it was at
this time six years ago-six years
ago, plus three weeks - that the
Munich pact was signed.
The signing was on September 80.
Under the terms agreed upon by
Hitler, Mussolini, Daladier and
Chamberlain, the Czechs were de-
prived of the Sudetenland, and by
October 10 all of that rich region
was taken over by the NaZis. The
high-water mark of appeasemenS
had been reached, and with sigh
of relief a good part of the world
now looked forward to peace in our
time"
But the optimists failed to reckon
with the Fuehrer's sense of honor
or with the dark and ambitious
plans he had laid. Soon enough the
rude awakening came, making clear
that the pact was a mere piece of
paper to him and that he was no
more appeasable than the hungriest
and most savage of tigers. Bit by
bit, the Republic of Czechoslovakia
fell. Six months after Munich-on
March 14-the whole of it had been
gobbled up by the Nazis and Hitler
himself proclaimed its finish. From
then on-with Poland slated as the
next victim-there could be only
war in our time, or else there could
be only the surrender of free men
everywhere to the New Order"
Today, six years later, we see
history turned almost full circle.
Russia, which was not consulted at
Munich, now Is in the process of
1iberating the sacrificed republic,
and the Czechoslovak government in
London can count upon being home
Evening star., 1944-10-22

your fleet guarantees freedom" Is
the slogan for Navy Day, Friday,
October 27. On this occasion, when
public attention is focused on the
material aspects of our first line of
defense" it is fitting and proper
that we should review what has been
done to guarantee the right OF per-
sonnel to freedom of worship"
Men aboard warships, marines in
the Pacific, Seabees in isolated out
posts and the men and the women
who man the Navy's shore establish
ments at home and abroad look to
the more than 1900 chaplains pro-
vided in order that no one shall
be denied the right of freedom of
worship"
On October /, more than 500 Navy
chaplains were aboard ships, nearly
1000 were serving men and women
of the Navy, Marine Corps and
Coast Guard establishments in this
country. and approximately TOO were
on duty at shore establishments and
battlefields beyond the continental
limits. One hundred and thirty
clergymen are now in training at
the Chaplains' School, Williams
burg, Va, and in Viz colleges and
theological seminaries; 400 more men
are preparing for the naval chap
laincy.
Last year chaplains conducted more
than 10000 services of divine wor-
ship, with an attendance of some
25,000,000, and made plans which
enabled 1000 groups of men to at
tend services on other ships or sta
tions.
In addition to efforts to provide
adequate opportunities for formal
public worship, chaplains visited
100000 sick and imprisoned, per-
formed more than $4,000 baptisms
and II 800 marriages They con-
Quoted 5000 funerals, delivered 1000
addresses in civilian churches, and,
Evening star., 1944-10-22

again in the not-too-distant future.
Allied with the Soviet Union in a
20-year treaty, 1t will follow the Red
Army into the country and take over
the administration of noncombat
areas in accordance with an agree
ment much like that existing be-
tween General Eisenhower's supreme
command and the De Gaulle regime
in France.
After having passed through the
Munich imposed dissolution, after
having been swept away by Hitler's
treachery and ambition, after hav-
ing endured six years of bitter trial
and terror, Czechoslovakia thus is
nearing the day of it's restoration,
the day when it will come into its
own again May it live long.
Evening star., 1944-10-22
The Moscow ToIks

The ten-day conversations in the
Kremlin between Prime Minister
Winston Churchill, Marshal Stain
and their respective Foreign Min
listers, Anthony Eden and Mr.. Molo-
tov, have been concluded and a
joint official communique has been
issued concerning the deliberations.
The first thing to be noted in this
short but pithy document is that
military as we'll as diplomatic mat
ters were discussed. Public atten-
ton has been so focused upon
political issues that it is well to be
reminded that the war against
Germany still goes on and must be
won before the reshaping of Europe
can defnitively be undertaken.
Having made that point clear, the
communique lists three specific
aspects among the many political
questions of common interest" on
which free and intimate exchange
of views took place" These con-
cerned Poland, Bulgaria and Yugo-
slavia, respectively.
1t is no secret that the Polish
question is the most pressing issue
between London and Moscow, and
the communique frankly admits
that it was not settled, though as
serting that important progressR
was made toward it's solution. We
know that the conferences between
the two Polish regimes which went
on concurrently with the Churchill
Stain talks were suspended" and
that Premier Mikolajczyk returned
to London for further consultation
with his government-in-ex We
also know that renewed attacks
have been made upon that govern
ment by organs of the Lublin regime
that has Moscow backing. This
indicates that no immediate solu-
ton is in sight, but it may also be
legitimately inferred that a rupture
has been avoided and that renewed
efforts to effect a compromise can
be anticipated.
More hopefully definitive are the
communicates clauses regarding
Bulgaria and Yugoslavia. The
arnistice negotiated between Rus
sia and a new Bulgarian regime,
Russophile in character, had given
rise to apprehensions concerning
Greek territories occupied by Bull
garian troops under agreements
made when that country was
member of the Axis. This issue
apparently has been disposed of,
and the Bulgarian troops have
evacuated all Greek territory.
Regarding Yugoslavia, we are in
formed that Britain and Russia
have agreed "to pursue a Joint
policy" both in the expulsion of the
Germans and in the solution of
internal difficulties" between the
government-in-ex headed by
King Peter and the National Lib
Grafton regime headed by Marshal
Tito. The communique states that
the Anglo-Russian objective is a
union" between the two regimes,
reserving the right of the Yugoslav
people themselves to settle their own
form of government in the postwar
period. Such solution, if effectu-
ated would remove one of the most
difficult questions in an admittedly
complex Balkan situation.
Evening star., 1944-10-22

under their supervision and guidance,
8,400 men and women completed the
formahties of becoming members of
churches of their own choice.
Last June, Admiral Roy Ingersoll,
commander in chief of the Allan
tic Fleet, called the part played by
the navies on D day the silent pow
er." He referred to the genius of
men who planned and made pos
sible the clearance of Atlantic sea
lanes, the men who protected the
supply routes, the men who co-ordi-
mated the fire power and the land
ing of men and material.
Like the silent power" Of our
Navy, the silent power which the
Apostle Paul calls the power of
God" cannot be weighed or charted
or evaluated. Our chaplains, as
shepherds of this silent power, are
privileged to strive to provide a spir-
itual ministry that will stand guard
over mems souls in the conflict be-
tween the awful Job of war and
their belief in Almighty God
We Of the Navy always have been
gratified by the spontaneous tribute
which civil groups and organizations
pay our branch of the military. As
Chief of the Chaplain Corps, United
States Navy, I would urge that this
years Navy Day be not only one of
tribute to the men who will fight
the war to its conclusion, but a day
of remembrance and prayer for
those who have made the greatest
sacrifice.
Let us all remember, too. the fam
lilies of these brave men. May God
in His infinite mercy give them
strength and courage. Let us not
cease to pray for His guidance to
the end that we may attain the
bright goal for which these sacrifices
have been made-that our faith
shall not stand In the wisdom of
men, but in the power of God"
Evening star., 1944-10-22
Antwerp and the ScheIdt

The gigantic battle panorama
unfolding on Germany's western
border from Holland to Switzerland
and highlighted by the death
grapple amid the ruins of Aachen
should not lead us to overlook the
separate struggle waged chiefly by
Canadian troops for the seaward
approaches to Antwerp. The stra-
tegical significance of this tactically
minor operation can hardly be
overestimated: because full use of
this great port would do more than
anything else to solve the supply
problem which is our greatest han
dicap to sustained offensive opera
tions against Germany.
Antwerp is situated just where
the River Scheldt widens into an
estuary with a depth capable of
floating the largest ships. However,
it is more than 80 miles from the
North Sea, the estuary following a
tortuous course through the fiat
delta region of Southern Holland.
This region is a maze of peninsulas
and islands, much of 1t being re-
claimed land below sea level at
high tide. This does not show on
ordinary maps, but Typographical
chart makes plain the basic situa-
ton.
The key to Antwerp is the sea
entrance to the Scheldt, where the
estuary narrows to about three
miles in width and is dominated by
powerful forts with long range guns,
both on the southern side, which is
mainland, and on the northern side,
which is an island known as Wal
cheren, on which is the subsidiary
port Of Flushing. All this is Dutch
territory, though Antwerp itself is
Belgian. The "Scheldt Question"
has bothered European diplomacy
for centuries and was finally solved
many years ago when the Dutch
abolished tolls for Antwerp shipping
but kept tight hold on the rivers
mouth. That Dutch Notifications
system, elaborated for generations
by the Dutch and further strength
ened since the German occupation,
presents formidable military prob
lem for the Canadians. The Ger
mans have broken the dykes and
created extensive water belts around
their coastal garrisons. They are
also reported to be obstructing the
river channel at various points by
sinking concrete filled ships, laying
mines, and otherwise making trou-
BILE which may take long time for
Allied engineers to undo, even after
German resistance is overcome.
Thus Antwerp cannot be expected
to be in operation this autumn.
Nevertheless. the opening of this
great port has high logistical
priority. Fortunately. the Germans
either did not have time or neglected
to demolish the port installations
as they did most of the French har-
bors, and what damage they did do
to Antwerp presumably is being
repaired since we occupied it some
weeks ago. Once in normal opera
ton, it should work a major trans
formation in the Allied supply situa-
..~-l over most of the Western Front.
Evening star., 1944-10-22
Bologna


advanced to Bologna, city dis
tinguished for art and science
hundreds OF years prior to its
achievement of modern celebrity in
relation to the manufacture of a
popular variety of sausage. Both
the ancient Umbrian and the rich
Etruscan civilizations f1owered in
the neighborhood six or seven CEN
turies before Christ. The original
name of the town was Felsina Later,
it was called Bononia Romano. Be-
cause of it's wealth and it's frontier
position at the foot of the northern
slope of the Apennines the bar
barians from beyond the Alps re-
peatedly raided it. The Lombards
and the Franks were in possession
of the place for generations. but
even under their reign it prospered.
A charter of civic freedom was
granted by the Emperor Henry v,
yet the community sided with the
Guelphs or papal party in the strug-
gle with the imperial Ghibellines.
Bitter rivalry with Modena led to
conflict terminating in a fierce
and bloody battle at Fossalta in 1249,
victory for the Bolognese which,
however, unfortunately was Cancelled
by defeat at Zappolino in 1925.
Three local families-the Pepoli,
the Visconti and the Bentivoglio-
from about 1884 onward successfully
provided rulers for the city who
were, in effect, despots more or less
benign. 1t was under their protec-
ton that Bologna reached the apex
OF its fame. Pope julius II brought
it into the Papal States by force
of military might in 1906, and so it
stayed until the epoch of Napoleon.
A British expedition occupied the
town and its environs in 1914. Sub
sequently, an Austrian garrison held
the citizens in check until the
formation of the kingdom of Italy
in 1860.
But Bologna's history is less i'm
portant than the culture of its
people which somehow always has
persisted Independent of political
developments. The city is a metrop-
oils of brick. Nowhere else on earth
has baked mud been used to create
so many fascinating structures. The
medieval Bolognese architects were
men of excelling genius. Their
Romanesque and Gothic churches,
arcades, leaning towers, palaces,
schools, monasteries and converts
have attracted many thousands of
visitors including numerous Amer
leans who never will forget their
beauty. Scores of talented painters,
sculptors, workers in iron and
bronze, carvers Of wood, glaciers,
mosaic designers and other orna-
menters of these buildings were
laboring in the same exuberant
Renaissance period. The center OF
all the vast activity was the uni
versity, the oldest in italy and one
of the Oldest In the world, estab-
lished by Irnerius between 1910 and
HOO. From it Oxford and Cam
bridge, Harvard and Yale and
Princeton descend: within It's walls
Evening star., 1944-10-22

was done on the interior surfaces Of
the IL floors Of the building. The
Star for October 20, 1894, said that
work had been started on March S
Of the same year and was expected to
be finished by November IS. T. F.
Schneider was the architect and owner.
He proposed to charge SIS month
for single rooms, s42 for two rooms
and bath. "A months rate for board
ers" patronizing the restaurant, it was
specified, will be $35." The suggestion
was offered that: This mode of living
= growing more popular"
Evening star., 1944-10-22

the human body first was dissected
and the principle OF galvanism dis
covered; to its students the great
women savants, Novella d'Andrea,
Laura Bassi and Clotilde Tafmbroni,
lectured; of its books Cardinal
Mezzofanti, Byron's interpreter"
was custodian.
Evening star., 1944-10-22
Yes, Soon!

From the Memphis Commercial Appeal.
1t won't be long now until the Ger
mans are arguing in the vein of the
man who killed his father and mother
and begged the judge to have mercy on
him because he was an orphan.
Evening star., 1944-10-22
Message IN Advance of Navy Day
By Robert D. Workman,

Captain, Ch c., U. ~; Director, Chaplatns' Division
Evening star., 1944-10-22
Fifty Years Ago

The Star for October 16. 1894, con-
tanned an editorial reading in part as
The Apache sentinel., 1944-09-08
Post Stockade Det. Service
Command Unit No. 1922

A very timely subject was the topic
of discussion at Fridays meeting. The
question: What We Should Do with
Germany and Japan After the War"
was discussed, with Lieutenant Lee,
our Orientation Officer, presenting
some interesting material for general
consideration by the group. Main basis
for discussion was a series of letters
written to Yank Magazine by GIs
from various war fronts, presenting
their ideas on how this important
question should he dealt with. Each
proposal in turn was considered by
the group, its possibilities and limita-
tionS discussed. In summing up, it was
the consensus of opinion that those
plans which called for definite, con-
crete actions on the part of the vic
tors, rather than too idealistic pipe
dreams of Utopian world plan,
should be more favorably considered
In concluding. Lieutenant Lee point
ed out that by no means should the
subject material presented at our
meeting be accepted by those in at
tendance as the final and authorita-
tive word on the matter, but rather
that it was, presented with7the idea
offs opening up new chann els of
thought He urged all present, indi-
vidually or as to groups, to further
pursue the subjects that come up from
time to time in our meetings, citing
the many sources of material at hand
for reference and study.
GALL CORRS
The Apache sentinel., 1944-09-08
Unit Reporter
Post Hq. Det. Sou. 1922

Our Orientation Class of Friday aft
ernoon was especially interesting, dis
cussion being led by LIT. Col. Nelson,
Special Service officer, and 1t. Lowry,
Education and Information officer.
Col. Nelson gave a graphic recapitula-
tion of the war on both fronts, con-
Guiding with the fact that the Amer
lean s6Tlier was the best paid, the
best equipped and best informed SOL
der in the world today. He admon-
ished his listeners to take advantage
of sthe numerous courses offered by
the Military Institute of the Armed
Forces of the Nation which have an
enrolment greater than all the col
leges combined in the country
1t. Lowry answered the galaxy of
questions that was submitted by the
class in tip top manner, imparting to
the interrogators the desired infOr-
nation and satisfying them beyond
Ffasonable doubt. 1t. Smith, our very
The Apache sentinel., 1944-09-08
Special Service Group
Holds Meeting At USO

On Tuesday, August 30, the Post
Special Service representatives, un-
der the Craftsmanship of Col. G. F.
E. Nelson, held one of their regular
meetings at the USO Club in FRY.
The group coming at the special in
vitation of Mr.. w. P. Adkins. USO
director, enjoyed the variety afford
ed by new setting.
More than fifteen persons were
present and several of these saw
the USO Club for the first time. The
meeting was held on the lawn and
after matters of a business nature
were disposed of the members pres
ent were treated with the serving of
a tasty plate luncheon. The USO
staff expressed pleasure to have
Special Service hold its meeting on
their home grounds and extends an
invitation foT other clubs and civic
groups to make use of it's building
and facilities.
The Apache sentinel., 1944-09-08
Orientotion Quiz
Column
To Qualify For
ORIENTATION HONOR ROLL
AND AWARDS
Clip and Send Quiz with Answers
to
Post OrientatiOn Officer
c/O Special Service Building
Fort Huachuca

l. Any soldier may procure a post
card application for a State absentee
ballot.
True. False. . O
2.Any member of, or attached to,
the armed forces on active duty is
entitled to vote. ~4L 70 I5niIaC Sui
sg True...E False. :. a.
8. To be eligible to vote by State
absentee ballot, the voter must have
reached his twenty-first birthday on
or before Nov 7, 1914, unless he be
a resident OF Georgia.
True. -. q False. e.
4. A commissioned, non-commiS-
stoned, or warrant officer has the
approval of the War Department to
advise any soldier as to his choice
of candidate.
True. N False. D
5. Your full name, grade, serial
number, military unit, and military
address must be stated in your letter
to the Secretary of State of your
home state regarding your eligibility.
True. False. :. q
6. The soldier must furnish proof
The Apache sentinel., 1944-09-08
Library Notes

The three Libraries have recently
received from Ninth Service Com
mand Library Depot copies of Bib
biography on Postwar Readjustment
for Service Men and Women" The
photography is bound in pamphlet
form and is 40 pages in length. Ma
terial is divided and arranged under
the following headings: Reorienta-
ton, Rehabilitation, Employment.
Readjustment for the. Handicapped,
Organizations and Agencies, and
Bibliographies.
References are to magazine arti-
cles, encyclopedia articles and COM
plete books. In some cases the refer
ences are annotated. 1t is hoped
that this source of material will be
of value to any personnel working
with the many problems of postwar
readjuStment.
The Apache sentinel., 1944-09-08
Medical Detachment

Our discussion for the week was
concerned with our enemies. We have
them both on the run. The war in Eu-
rope shows that where there is unity
there is strength. We and our allies
are striking Germany from four sides.
The surrender of Romania gives eVi-
dence that the power of Germany is
weakening. We shall win and when
victory comes each one of us will be
free again to engage in the peaceful
pursuits of life. During the discussion,
the fact was emphasized that we
should not allow ourselves to become
lax about our duties due to the favor
able trend of the war. We have not
yet attained victory. Our enemies are
tough and stubborn. Many large bat
ties are Vet to be fOught