davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1944-08-23
BY DWIGHT L. PITKIN,
Associated Press Foreign Stan.

| HoooSiutco IiCoS TSlClSH otdA
The Germans entered Paris on
June IA, 1910, in lightning con-
quest of France that stunned q
world which thought the French
Army and the Maginot Line in
vincible.
They goose-stepped up the broad
Champs Elysees and under the Arc
de Triomphe built by Napoleon.
Hitler came and gloated atop the
Eiffel Tower.
The German occupation forces
sought to win the French to their
side, needing them with propa-
ganda that the democracy of the
Third Republic was decadent and
that France had a place in the Ger
man new totalitarian order A small
minority which always had been
Fascist minded collaborated, but
silently and hopefully awaited the
day of liberation. A vast under
ground army was organized through
out France.
City Rebellious Four Years.
The city was rebellious and hun
CRY during four years OF Nazl
activity.
1t was city that had experienced
four years of queueing up for food
cycling or walking to work, curfew
hours, firing squads, black markets
and the strutting of Nazi officers
who monopolized the best hotels,
the best shows and all the comforts
that prewar Paris had enjoyed.
Paris had suffered from Allied
air raids against German targets
within the area of the capital
such as the Renault Works and
lie Bourget Airfield. German radio
broadcasts perhaps had exaggerated
civilian casualties, which were es-
timated in the thousands. But Paris
had suffered more than in the
World War when the Germans be-
sieged the city from distance of
20 miles and fired shells from long
range guns that left scars still
visible on some of the melloW-gray
buildings.
Since the German occupation,
Paris, whose preWar population was
1929, ,746, has been virtually a ghost
city, its young men prisoners of war
in Germany, children evacuated to
the countryside, monuments stand
ing like stage scenery at the end OF
a play ready to be packed and cart
ed away. Lack of fuel shut down the
Metro (subWay) System. There was
no gasoline to operate the big green
buses or taXicabs.
Parisians Pulled Into Shell.
During the occupation the Paris
ians pulled into a shell. Their re-
lations with the Germans were usu-
ally correct and polite, but there
was frigidity the Germans could
not mistake. At streetside cafes the
Parisians sat apart from the Ger
mans.
The Germans carried on their
customary anti-Semitic campaign
rounding up thousands of Jews, who
were sent away to concentration
camps. A puppet press followed the
Nazi line. When the Germans Or
dered all Jews to wear black and
yellow stars as Identification, Gallo
humor had its answer. Non-Jewish
Parisians blosSomed out with black
and yellow breast kerchiefs.
Police raids became routine as the
Evening star., 1944-08-23
Allied Planes Chase
Fleeing Nazis; Smash
900 Tanks, Blast Rails
BY the Associated Press.

~ tuc AoSOCiHtco EEeeD.
LONDON, Aug. 23.-Allied aerial
forces today resumed their assaults
on the fleeing Germans In Northern
France as the weather showed signs
Of clearing. Headquarters announced
they had smashed 90 assorted
tanks, locomotives, railway cars ana
other vehicles In sweeps from the
Seine mouth to the south of Paris
in the last "a hours.
The German radio, meanwhile,
announced that for the third
straight day Allied Mediterranean-
based bombers and fighters were at
lacking targets In the Danube re-
gion.
From their northern bases, the
Allied Air Forces yesterday fiew
l,400 sorties-only about one eighth
Of their D-day record, but much
better than the previous day, when
the weather stopped all flying.
The battered German Air Force
threw 100 or more planes into the
battle area. Thirty-one were shot
down and six more were destroyed
on the ground against a loss of two
Allied planes reported so far.
German fighter planes appeared
yesterday to oppose the massive
U. s. 18th Air Force bombing assault
against Silesian and Austrian oil
targets and 81 were shot down, an
ofi1cial announcement from Rome
said today.
American losses were 80 heavy
bombers and six other aircraft, from
all operations.
approximately 200 NaM fighters
attacked the American formations
which bombed oil refineries, storage
tanks and other vital fuel install
lations at Odertal In German Silesaa
and at Korneuburg and Lobau near
Vienna.
The fiercest battles were fought
by Liherators and escorting Light
nings over Lobau where max also
was intense.
Evening star., 1944-08-23
Mrs. Houpt Will Face
Citizenship Hearing
BY the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
CHICAGO, Aug. 23.-Mrs. Erna
Haupt, once convicted of treason
but discharged by the Government
after having won a new trial, sur
rendered to immigration authorities
yesterday to undergo denaturaliza-
ton proceedings
Prosecutor Harry Connaughton
said Mrs. Haupt would be placed
in the House of Good Shepherd
until September, when she will ap-
pear before an enemy alien hear
ing board.
Mrs. Haupt is the mother of Her.
bert Haupt, executed Nazi saboteur
and the wife of Hans Max Haupt
who was sentenced to life impris-
onment for treason by aiding Her.
bert in plans to cripple American
war industry.
Evening star., 1944-08-23
Paris RebeIIious and Hunqroy
For -Four Years Under Nozi Rule

Germans sought to stif1e the de-
veloping underground army Youths
were rounded up for forced labor ir
German war factories.
Reprisal executions were frequent
Fifty Parisians were shot for the
killing of one Nazi lieutenant. But
stern Nazi measures did not pre-
vent sabotage.
Tried to Remain Gay.
Paris made some semblance oi
keeping up theatrical activities and
cultural life Sacha Guitry pro-
duced new plays. The well-to-dc
tried to keep up an appearance OF
gaiety. But a good prewar meal
cost 10000 francs (nominally $4OO).
Fashion designers attempted tc
keep their concerns going by Great
ing new styles which found an out
let through Switzerland.
Most of Paris famous attractions
are believed to have escaped dam.
age during the occupation. The
Eiffel Tower, at one time reported
scrapped to provide the Nazi.
needed metal, still stands. Other
special attractions are the famous
boulevards, the many bridges ano
squares; the formal parks, the
Tuileries Gardens, the Bois de
Boulogne; the fine churches OF
which Notre Dame is best known
notable buildings including the
Louvre, the Hotel des Invalides, the
Pantheon, the Palais Royal and the
opera.
Most famous of the squares are
the Place de la Concorde, where
Marie Antoinette was executed, and
the Arc de Triomphe de l'Etoile on
summit at the end of the Champs
ElyseeS. Under this arch Frances
unknown soldier of the World War
is entombed.
During the occupation the Gus
todians of the shrine were fined
5000 francs for exceeding the gas
quota allotted for the flame burning
over the tomb. But the Nazis never
dared extinguish this flame.
Evening star., 1944-08-23
MoIotov Halls Steps
Being Taken Here 10
Secure World Peace
BY the Associated Press.

| BY the Associated Press.
MOSCOW, Aug. 23.-Confidence
that the Allied powers would shape
postwar world free of aggres-
sion was expressed yesterday by
Vyacheslav Molotov, Soviet Com
missar for Foreign Affairs, and
United States Ambassador w. Averell
Hartman.
The occasion was presentation of
1876 American military awards to
officers and men of the Red Army
Mr.. Molotov formally accepted the
decorations on behalf of the Soviet
Union In a ceremony at Mr.. Har-
riman's residence, attended by dip
lomats and army officers of both
nations.
Referring to the joint blows falling
on Germany from several sides, Mr.
Molotov said: More and more
people in our enemy's camp realize
the hopelessness of the situation and
their closeness to disaster.
Halls Farley Here.
Delegates Of the United States,
Great Britain and the USSR are
starting in Washington today to
fulfill the task imposed on them to
start developing the principles of
international safety and organiza-
ton indispensable to safeguard a
permanent peace.
THE success of this is assured by
the goodwill of peace-loving nations
and increased consciousness of the
necessity of dependable guarantees
against instigators of new wars"
The Foreign Commissar gravely
mentioned the sacrifices of his army
and nation "in a war forced upon
our peaceful people by Hitler and
criminal Fascist government"
He added that "out of the fire of
Evening star., 1944-08-23
Security
Continued From First Page :,

Dumbarton conversations he said
he would go very far to comply
with any request made by Secretary
Hull. subject to keeping in touch
with Gov. Dewey"
Whether he stays or not, he made
1t clear, he would expect that Mr.,
Hull would keep him and Gov,
Dewey constantly informed of the
progress of the Dumbarton talks
because Il think it would be diff
cult to cooperate without definite
information.
Cooperation in the sense of Re-
publican support for the peace or
ganization plans worked out under
the Democratic administration. Mr..
Dulles said. does not mean complete
removal of the subject from cam
paign discussion. He said it should
not preclude free public discussion
oy political leaders in the months
ahead.
Evening star., 1944-08-23
CIO Is Not Immune
To Probe, BiddIe Saws
BY the Associated Press

BY the Associated Press.
LOS ANGELES, Aug. 23.-Attor-
ney General Biddle told a civic
luncheon meeting yesterday the CIO
Political Action Committee will be
subject to inquiry on any possible
violations of the Smith -Connally
Act and the Corrupt Practices Act,
the same as any other organiza-
ton"
And the FBI will examine the
C1O books, as it will of all organiza-
tions," Mr.. Biddle told a Town Hall
meeting, ito see that the Hatch
Acts $4,000 limit on appropriations
for a single candidate has not been
exceeded"
Evening star., 1944-08-23
Dr.. Max Hoffman Dies

ST. PAUL, Mimi, Aug. 23 R.-
DR.. Max Hoffman. 48, one of Min
nesota's best known internal med
icine specialists, died suddenly Nom
day night while visiting friends. He
was nationally known for his re-
search work In the field of hormones,
conducted in laboratory here under
a Federal grant.
Evening star., 1944-08-23
Stimson Investigates
Withdrawal Of -Four
Writer'S From France

The War Department today was
investigating the report that the
9th Air Force had ordered four cor
respondents out of France for re-
portedly failing to give adequate
publicity to the air units activities
Secretary Stimson took cogni-
zance Of the incident late yesterday
and called on Allied headquarters
for full details.
At the same time the New York
Post, whose representative, Stanley
Frank, was one of the men involved,
filed protests at supreme Allied
headquarters and In Washington,
and the War and Navy Departments
Correspondents Association like
wise called for an explanation.
Supreme headquarters has an
neunced that the four men were
being withdrawn, and sent back to
England, In accordance with a pol
Icy Of rotation. ..
Order Deferred 10 Days.
The New York Herald Tribune
first publicized the affair in a copy
righted dispatch from France yes
terday asserting the men were
ordered out of that war theater
apparently because their work has
not measured up to standards set
by publicity minded 9th Air Force
officers"
Supreme headquarters. In reply
said the order was based on the
policy of supreme headquarters to
rotate war correspondents so that
all assigned to this theater will have
an opportunity to cover the war.
Headquarters also announced the
effective date of the order had been
deferred 10 days.
The correspondents are Gordon
Gammack, Des Moines Register and
Tribune; Mr.. Frank; Lee McCardell,
Baltimore Sun, and an artist, John
A. Groth Of Parade.
The War and Navy Department
Correspondents Association sent a
letter to Secretary Stimson through
Maj. Gen. A. D. Surles, Army direc-
tor Of public relations, asking these
questions:
Have correspondents accredited
to the 9th Air Force headquarters
been ordered to leave the combat
theater?
IF such orders were issued, what
were the reasons?
Asked About Publicity Standards.
. THE charge is made that four
correspondents failed to measure
up to publicity standards set by
high ranking officers of the 9Th
Air Force; what are those standards,
and by whom were they set?
us 1t true that 9th Air Force pub
lie relations officers informed cor
respondents at that headquarters
they would lose their accreditation
unless they devoted most of their
attention to publicity for the 9th
Air Force? If so, by what authority
were such threats made?
"Is it true that the 9Th Air Force
took Is correspondents to its head
quarters. then informed the men
there were too many of them and
some would have to leave?
what investigation is the War
Department making of this incident,
and what is the departments atti-
tude? Are the reported actions of
the 9th Air Forces public relations
officer reflection of War Depart
ment policy? Does the department
condone and uphold such action by
theater commanderS2"
Evening star., 1944-08-23

total defeat of our common enemy,
Hitler, and FaSciSm."
The awards were distributed to all
ranks OF the Red Army, from private
to lieutenant general, and included
the Legion Of Merit, Distinguished
Service Cross, Silver Star, Distin-
guished Flying Cross.
Evening star., 1944-08-23
Capt. WiIkinson's Wife
Files AnnuIment Suit

BY the Associated Press.
SANTA MONICA, Calf, Aug
23.-Mrs. Lawrienne Taylor Wilkin-
son, %. filed suit yesterday for an.
nulment Of her marriage to former
Capt. Morrison J. Wilkinson, jr.
convicted by an Army court MARTA
last June of criminal assault anc
bigamy, and discharged from the
service
He just used us, baby and me
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-06-24
Nv HERMAN T. SMITH
Correspondent on Tour of US.
Naval Bases for NNPA

U. S. NAVAL AIR STATION,
Seattle. Wash.-"The Country Club
Of Navy" is the name most often
used by naval personnel in this Sec
ton when referring 20 this active
base. After visiting here I easily
understand why the name Is APP
piled.
The base is located in Sands Point,
a suburban section of Seattle, and
long before Pearl Harbor was a
busting naval outpost from which
many OF our important aircraft took
of for peaceful missions through
out the world.
The atmosphere OF the base,
though cloaked in wartime secrecy
resem bles that OF a college campus.
Being a permanent base. most OF the
buildings are constructed OF brick
with a design OF attractIveneSS as
well as comfort.
Recrestional facilities here rival
that OF the most exclusive country
clubs in America. There is a lovely
swimming pool IN which swimming
classes are held and water shows
put on. regularly; a bowling alley
for all base personnel. where the
pin boys are service men who re-
ceive the ten cents line charge
for the alleys Many a service man
in need OF funds has replenished
MS purse in this manner. There is
a completely equipped gymnasium
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-06-24
Detroit Men
RehabiHtated
At Kees[er

KEESLER FIELD. Biloxi. Miss
Former residents OF Detroit, Mich.
two in all. have reported at this unit
Of the Army Air Forces Training
Command.
They are now beginning training.
classification. and medical and psy-
Geological tests 10 determine qualifi-
cations as pre-avia,ion cadets. Upon
successful completion of this phase
they will be sent either 10 colleges
or universities for five months fur
Their study Some. qualified by their
previous academic background. may
be sent from Keesler Field directly
10 a pre-flight center for cadet
training
The soldiers reporting here in
clude:
Pvt. Ralph w Mason. son Of Mrs.
Ruby Msyfield. 1855 West Grand
boulevard. Detroit. Mich.
Pvt Louis A. Wilson, son OF Mr..
and Mrs John Wilson. 354 Owen.
Detroit Mich
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-06-24
MORE. MICHIGAN
men TRAIN AS.
PILOTS At TAT.

TUSKEGEE ARMY AIR FIELD.
Ala.-At the Tuskegee Army Air
Field Negro youths are following
in the footsteps OF the men that
have preceded them in the all-Negro
units now overseas. They are daily
In search of knowledge which will
make them members OF the great
fleet OF aerial fighters for the allied
nations.
The men from Michigan who re-
Gently completed their primary
flight training at Moten Field, Tus-
kegee Institute. Ala. and have been
assigned TO the Tuskegee Army Air
Field where they will begin basic
flight training are Aviation Cadets
Allen H. Turner of Flint. Mich:
elias NJ. Jenkins OF Lansing. Mich;
James w. Brown and Atha j. Baugh
OF Detroit. Mich.
Cadet Turner OF 1924 Everett
Ftreet, Flint. Mich, was employed
by the Ford Motor company, prior
to enterins the armed forces.
Cadet jenkins. son Of Mrs. Bertha
Jenkins Of 1900 William street. Lam
sing. Mich. formerly attended
Michigan State college His brother.
A-C William c. Jenkins. is also
undergoing aviation cadet training
OF this station.
Cadet Brown is the son OF Mr..
and Mrs. James Brown OF 1910
Twelfth street. Detroit. Mich.
Cadet Baugh. son Of Mrs Odessa
Bsugh of 1923 st. Aubin. Detroit,
Mich. is former member OF the
city champion swimming team.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-06-24
Local Lads Train At
Naval Country Club

where classes in the art OF self de-
tense are taught, several baseball
diamonds and two soccer fields. For
the officers there is even a nine
hole golf course.
There is absolutely no segrega-
ton on the base and the approx
mately four hundred Negroes sta
toned here enjoy all of the base
facilities without discrimination of
any kind. The men all eat. sleep.
play and work together according
10 their rank and rating. in perfect
harmony and seeing this unity
makes you feel that il such were
the case throughout America. nc
power on earth could threaten our
happiness.
While in the assembly repair
shop talked with some OF the other
Negroes working there. They are
Otis D. Holland. SIC. from Detroit:
Ezell c. Hairston. SIC. from Pitts
burgh. Pa: Hiram Johnson, Sic,
Riverton. ". j.; George Wilbur,
Sic, Detroit: James Johnson. Sic,
Philadelphia; Hugh E. Jones. Sic.
NY.C: Love r. Waters, Sic, At
lantic City, N. j.; J. A. Scott. Sic,
Buffalo. n. Y: Phillip Dennis, Sic,
Pennsgrove. ". j.: Albert Thomp-
son, Sic. North Bergen. N. j.;
Charles E. Cummings, AM3c, Old
Orchard Beach, Me; Leon Penneck.
Sic. Philadelphia: Frederick Brown,
Sic, Chicago. III: George Crunkla-
ton. Sic. New Castle. Pa: Eugene
Johnson. SEC. Washington. D. c.:
Alvin n. Morrison, AMMO. Mar
tinsburgh. w. Va. and James N.
Maynard. Sic, Pittsburgh.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-06-24
Is More Michigan
Men Training At
Great Lakes Post

GREAT LAKES. Ill. - Recruit
training at the U. S. Naval Training
Center here has begun for 10 Michi-
gan state Negro bluejackets this
week.
Some men. having past expert
ences in any of the trades used by
the navy, may be given petty officer
ratings upon completion of this
recruit training period.
The new recruits are: John T.
Hinton Jr.. %: Amos Jones. 10:
Hamilton J. Benham. 10. David NJ.
Burch. II: Oliver n. Woods, 10:
Edgar Jones Jr.. Is: Norris F.
Clemons. 80: Louis A. Curry, %;
James F. Washington. %; Booker
Williams, l8; Edward Wilson. 26:
Reuben H. Moore. Is; Roy Butler
Jr.. %. Detroit, Mich: Charles NJ.
Lloyd. Is; julius Floyd, II. Port
Huron. Mich; Clarence E. Burks, IS,
Flint, Mich; Clarence Hamilton, 10,
Kalamazoo. Mich: John T. Duren,
Is, Mt. Clemens. Mich.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-06-24
JOE LOUIS, GREAT BOOST TO GI MORALE
Veteran Regular
Navy Man Made
Warrant Officer

GREAT LAKES. Ill. Warrant
Pay Clerk Willie Powell. the second
Negro TO be appointed a warrant
officer, has reported 10 Great Lakes
Naval Training Center for duty.
Powell, who is A years OF age. and
has served more than % years in
the navy was at sea when the first
group OF Negro officers was APP
pointed. He is the only Negro regu-
lar navy man who has been APP
pointed.
This veteran navy man, native
OF Cordova, Tenn. was raised in
ST. Louis where he first enlisted in
the first World War. He was as
signed TO service on the Panaman,
a Merchant . arine ship transport
ing troops. After a short tenure OF
service on the Panaman he was
advanced in rate TO ships cook,
second class; he held this rating
when he was transferred 10 the
destroyer U.S.S. ST. Clair carrying
troops 10 France. He served aboard
the st. Clair and the destroyer Var
brough during his second hitch in
the navy and earned the rating Of
ships cook, first class. His third en-
listment sent him 10 the Asiatic
fleet where he served until 1882.
From 1882 until 1885 he was in the
Yangtze River Patrol serving his
fourth hitch. Upon returning TO the
States in 1885 he was made chief
commissary steward and placed in
charge Of the experimental shop
and classroom of the cooks and
bakers school at San Diego. Calf
After serving in this capacity for
three years he was assigned to the
Light Cruiser U.S.S. Cincinnati and
was subsequently, transferred to the
fleet reserve after 20 years AID five
months service.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-06-24
WOUNDED YANkS
OVERLOOKED At
VIEW OF CHAMP

HEADQUARTERS. EUROPEAN
THEATER OF OPERATIONS 1t
was a clear day along the coast OF
England and most OF the American
troops lying in n hospital could see
the shadowy outline OF France
across the channel.
But 10 one soldier, an infantry
man from Tennessee. the channel
was dark. He had been seriously
wounded in an accidental explosion
during maneuvers. and his eyes
were heavily bandaged TO keep out
the slightest trace OF light.
This was the setting when Staff
Sergeant Joe Louis walked into the
hospital.
When the Tennesseean heard that
the champ was there he begged a
soldier attendant 10 remove his BAN
dages so he could get a glimpse of
the worlds heavyweight boxing
champion.
ITS strictly against orders" the
soldier said. but III ask the doctor"
The doctor, major, came in,
sounded stern No" and turned to
walk away.
But sir" the wounded soldier
pleaded. Just let me have a look
at him. III take my chances on my
eyesight
Joe and his troupe we're now
standing beside the soldier. The
major glanced at Louis. then at the
boy on the bed He carefully re-
moved the bandages. put some
medicine in his eyes and held them
open with his fingers while the SOL
der took quick look at the champ.
The Tennessean smiled and Louis
smiled back, but Joe had tears in
his eyes.
Experiences like that tear his
heart out" said Captain Fred Maly.
of San Antonio. Texas, who has
charge of the Louis party. But he
does that sort of thing everywhere
we. 60 and it makes him feel as
though he is really doing something
worthwhile.
Il remember the day we were
at an airfield for an impromptu
show and big American bomber
came limping in from a raid on
Germany. II was shot to pieces and
only two of its motors were run
ming.
The plane crashed at the edge Of
the field and only three Of the crew
escaped with their lives. We hurried
to the wreckage and Joe placed the
head of a wounded airman on his
knee.
When the flier regained con-
sciousness he looked up into the
face of the champ and said: Well
I'll be damned-Joe Louis
The airman had never seen Joe
before. You can imagine what a
surprise il was"
Since coming TO the European
Theater Of Operations April Of
this year, Louis has appeared be-
fore thousands Of American troops,
many Of them in isolated areas. He
and his troupe have put on sched-
uled exhibitions and numerous i'm
promptu shc.Ss at hospitals, air
ijelds. ports. Red Cross clubs and
maneuver areas.
Joe claims he has no plans for
the future as a prixefighter.
Il don't know what I'm going TO
do any more than you know when
you're going home" he told q SOL
der reporter.
Then with broad smile he added:
"Of course. w all want to 60 home"
Louis still gets plenty Of fan mail.
hundreds Of letters each week.
I'VE only answer the ones from
soldiers now" said Sergeant Eddie
Green, who accompanies Sergeant
Louis. II write them and Joe signs
them. We can't send pictures as we
once did because Of the printing
paper shortage"