davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1944-09-01
Bottle of Supply

"Hell LIE IuIl story is written
OF the Invasion of Normandy and
the subsequent advance through
france, one OF its most fascinating
chapters will describe the methods
used to keep the troops supplied,
not only with the food and ammu-
milton and fuel needed to make
possible the lightninglike stabs into
enemy territory but with the re-
placements, in both men and mate
rial, which kept the front-line troops
fresh and vigorous for continued
assault.
In a message to Lieutenant Cen
eral Brehon Somervell, commanding
general of Army Service Forces,
urging that the flow of supplies be
maintained, Allied Supreme Com
mander Eisenhower merely limited
yesterday at the proportions of the
job that has been done. In the first
seventy days after the invasion (to-
day is D plus eighty-six) some of
the losses in equipment that had
to be replaced were 2,4OO auto
matte rifles, 1,75O quarter-ton trucks,
$500 mortars, $4,000 miles of wire
and 900 tanks, for the ground forces
alone. The air force was losing, in
comparable period, 5000 airplanes,
while dropping some $4,000 tons of
bombs and consuming over 44,000,-
600 gallons of aviation gasoline.
The news of our advances is
enough to show that the losses were
made good, that the requirements
were there and that the astronom-
ical tonnage required for mere
maintenance OF the men in the
field, large part of which was car
ried across the Atlantic, got there
In time. For unless those things
required of the Army Service Forces
had been done, and done we'll, the
ground and air forces would have
been held back far more effectively
than the best the Germans ever
could have done. The triumph of
our arms abroad has been in great
measure due to the triumph in keep
Ing them supplied.
There is still another story to be
told in connection with replace
ments, which relates to the system
OF keeping the fighting divisions re-
plenished with fresh men. It's de-
tails probably will await the end of
the battle for Germany. But it may
reflect, in the telling, as much credit
on the Chief of Staff as anything
he has done in making our Army
what it is today. The quick replace
ment of battle casualties has been
an overwhelming factor in the abil-
ity of our troops to keep up
steady advance.
Evening star., 1944-09-01
This Changing World
BY ConsfansiSs Brescn

In some American and British mili-
tary quarters. last Tuesdays broadcast
by 1t. Gen. Kurt Dittmar. spokesman
for the Nazi high command, is not
interpreted as necessarily preparing
the German people for immediate sur
render Gen Dittmar's Commute speech
Is considered As notice to the Allies
that unless they are willing to soften
their unconditional demands, the Ger
mans will fight to the bitter end behind
fortified positions in East Prussia and
on the Rhine.
The Nazi general, who in the past has
been very candid about the actual mill
tary situation, gave his German audi
ence correct black picture Of the mill
tary situation in the hope of galvanizing
them behind Hitler for do or die"
resistance against overwhelming odds.
In the meantime, German diplomats
In neutral countries are explaining for
the benefit OF the Allied representatives
that unless some responsible government
is allowed to take over in the Reich
there will be unbelievable chaos which
in the end will hamper our efforts
These German diplomats go on to say
that the Free Germany Committee.
which was formed year ago in Moscow
and consists of large and ever
increasing number of high-ranking gen.
erals, has little chance of establishing
itself in the Reich as a government The
failure of the July 20 plot organized by
Gen. Beck has greatly discredited both
the old army and the junkers
Some time before the coup. when the
German people still looked to their old
generals to get them out of trouble, the
field marshals and generals who were
prisoners of war in Russia may have
been received as saviors of the Reich
Himmler, however. took good care to
discredit these men. Now. despite their
explanations that they have surrendered
for the sake of the fatherland, they
seem to have lost all hold on the country.
+E*
The theme of these German diplomats
Is dovetailed with Gen. Dittmar's broad
cast and is intended to serve as warm
ing to the Allies that there still is q
great punch left in the German forces
who can continue to fight-according to
these spokesmen-for long time. Gen.
Dittmar told us plainly that the Ger
man high command intends to evacuate
all of France and the rest of the occu-
pied territories in Southern Europe. But
he also told us that unless an accept
able" peace Is offered. the German
people will prefer to die behind the
Evening star., 1944-09-01
Revelation

The lettering is plain: one need but look
Upon the starred inscriptions OF the
night,
Upon the meadows ,otldfo,Dsr- -scribbled
book,
or on domed chronicles OF Alpins
tphite.
One need but piep the drifting spirals
traced
BY culture ,oinos, the yello,Utng of the
corn, -
To knotD the cosmos not dusty iDaste
That eyeless king Mischance directs
In scorn.
The lettering u plain: in hill and sky,
In ,oave and forest and the mind o.
man,
The signature Of Purpose heapen-high
Is ,Uritten for the seeing gaze to scan,
And he tDho reads iDiH neper ask again
Why truth lies curtainsd from the
sight o. men.
STANTON A. COBLENTZ. -
Evening star., 1944-09-01

among the millions Of the bereaved
In nearly every corner OF the globe.
The crime is q crime done by Hit
Ter and his co-conspirators, but We
are not entirely without blame to
the extent that we lacked the will to
stop them when there was still time.
The lesson should be well learned by
now. Without international collab-
grafton Of the most earnest and far
seeing kind, our world tomorrow will
be in danger of becoming not unlike
the lemming that rushes headlong
to self-destruction In the sea. The
past five years should have made at
least that much clear to all of us.
Evening star., 1944-09-01

strongly fortified positions which defend
the Reich.
The Allied generals in the field take
little stock In the German contention
that the Siegfried and the Konigsberg-
Insterborg Lines are tmpregnable. No
fortifications, regardless Of how power
full and we'll built they may be- can last
II the men behind them lack the heart
to Tight. We saw in 1910 how quickly the
Maginot Line fell. Although there still
are many instances in which the Ger
man lighting men and particularly the
SIS and Elite Corps are resisting fiercely
against overwhelming odds, there Is
ample reason to believe that the morale
OF the German Army on the whole Is
deteriorating.
The continued retreat in France under
the strong hammeriYg OF the Allied air
forces and the American and British
artillery is likely to hurt the Nazi morale
further. The rush for cover of Ger
many's satellites also Is 4 strong con-
tributing factor to the break of the
Wehrmacht's will to fight. Moreover,
the loss of the oil fields of Romania and
the loss OF the rich agricultural lands
in the Balkans and in Western Europe
will necessarily produce a decrease in
the German rations at home and at the
front. Both will lead to further deteri-
Grafton of the morale OF the German
people.
But while the military men discount
German threats of q prolonged re-
Sistance within the Reich, the diplomats
are concerned over the fact that there
may be no government empowered to
sign an armistice and make official the
total surrender Of Germany to the
Allies After the German collapse in
1918 responsible government under
President Ebert was formed in Berlin
In few hours. This government repre-
sented the German people and had full
power to send delegates to sign the
Compiegne armistice with Marshal Focn.
A state Of chaos. with possibly a
number of governments within the
Reich, will not have the same right to
speak for the Germans. From the mill
tary point of view this may not matter
since the Allies are determined to occupy
the whole of Germany and place 1t under
their military control. But from the
point of view of international law, which
still is recognized by the Allied govern
mepts. 1t will be impossible to enforce
certain matters such as confiscation of
the German holdings in neutral coun-
tries.
Evening star., 1944-09-01
Mr.. Truman Accepts

In his formal acceptance of the
Democratic vice presidential nomi-
nation, Senator Truman laid the
foundations of campaign that will
conform closely to the pattern es-
tablished at his partys Chicago con-
vention and in the Presidents own
acceptance speech.
Senator Truman did not attack
the Republican nominees as indi-
viduals, refraining even from men
ton of their names. He did not dis
cuss his own qualifications for the
office he seeks, offering nothing
more than unfailing support of
President Roosevelt.
The President, as Mr.. Truman
sees it, is literally indispensable. On
the face of his address, there is no
other Democrat, much less any Re-
publican, who can successfully lead
the country through the next four
years. The Missouri Senator did not
stress the Commander in Chief
appeal, which once loomed large in
Democratic strategy. The war is
too near over for that. Instead, he
argued that the reelection of Mr..
Roosevelt is the only way we can be
assured of establishing successful
peace and solving our postwar do
mestic problems. In a word, the
issue, as he puts it, is experience
versus inexperience.
The extent to which that appeal
will be successful on election day Is
any mans guess. 1t has formed the
essential basis of Mr.. Roosevelt's
campaign strategy in the past two
elections. And without it he would
have small chance of winning this
year. The Republicans may say
that this is nonsense, that it Is
absurd to contend that over period
of sixteen years there was but one
man qualified to serve the country
as it's President. They may ask
what we will do in 1948, or in 1852,
when, no doubt, there will be new
crises, and when the people will
have to choose another political
leader. But the chances are that
this line of attack, standing alone,
will not suffice. There are many
Independent voters today who are
Impressed by the argument that
eperienes anA competency 90 hand
Evening star., 1944-09-01
Five Years of War
By Maj. Geoy9e Fielding Eliot

YugoSlavia and Greece. as well as OF
Belgium and Of Luxembourg, all seem
near at hand.
The German beast is dying. In its
death throes, 1t still spits venom in the
form of flying bombs At its victorious
foes. But its planes have been stricken
from the air, its ships sunk beneath the
sea and its armies, broken and deci-
mated, reel back and ever back toward
the frontiers Of Germany.
In the Pacific, Japan is still relatively
untouched. True, japanese air power
now has only defensive strength. The
Japanese fleet has been 50 reduced that
1t turks within its own protected waters,
not daring to accept the guage Of battle.
But the Japanese Army has lost only
outlying detachments. It still rules the
major part of Japan's original conquests.
1t has not yet been brought to .
major action.
Nevertheless, for Japan. too, the day
of reckoning is painfully close at hand.
American amphibious power, striking
across the Pacific and up from Australia
In giant strides, has preached the inner
lines Of Japan's seward defenses and
established American bases only 1900
miles from Tokyo. The sacred" soil
of Japan itself has felt the f,rst blows
of the coming avalance Of bombs. On
land, while the Japanese have achieved
some local successes in China, they have
been driven headlong from North
Burma. and their much-vaunted "inva-
sion" Of India has been rolled back in
decisive defeat to the Chindwin River.
-
or the war against Japan it may
therefore be said that 1t has reached,
at the end Of the fifth year of this war,
roughly the same stage which the war
against Germany had reached Just .
year ago. The turn to the offensive has
come on all the outward fronts which
Japan is seeking to defend. The period
Of preparation Is drawing to q close. The
Allied power IL gathering In the positions
which have been won. This year has
been the year Of decision for the Ger
man war. The year to come win be the
year Of decision for Japan.
tceesrisht 1914. New Yesk Tribune msJ
Evening star., 1944-09-01

Five years of the most terrible war
in history have passed.
During those years the peoples Of the
United Nations have endured many
trials, have suffered many disappoint-
ments, have sustained cruel losses.
But at the end Of the nth year they
stand today in the full tide OF victory
on every front. A year ago 1t was only
possible to say that we were on the
Threshold OF victory. The turn to the
offensive had come, but the great often
sive strokes themselves were yet to be
mounted; everywhere we were In the
preparatory stages, selling those posi-
tions from which during the past year
we have flung our thunderbolts against
our shrinking foes.
During the fifth year Of this war the
German invaders have been driven
headlong from the soil of Russia. The
Red Army is rolling into the Baltic
States across the plains Of Poland. and
deep into Romania in pursuit of the
beaten enemy, and 1t Is battering at
the historic gateways Of East Prussia.
The liberation of France has virtu-
ally been achieved. The tricolor flies
once more over Paris, Marseille and
many another French city. France re-
born has risen In arms to take her place
beside her ancient Allies.
X -
The vaunted Atlantic Wall has crum-
bled at touch. The power Of Britain
and America pours through the breach,
is deployed across the breadth Of France,
striking northward and eastward toward
the Rhine. OF the four German armies
which held Western Europe, one has
been destroyed, one has been reduced
to a f1eeting remnant in the south, one
appears to have disintegrated due to
the demands of the others, and the only
remaining one Is in course of encircle-
ment in Northern France, hopelessly
outnumbered.
Italy, Romania, Bulgaria have deserted
the German cause. Hungary. Slovakia
and Finland would do likewise save that
for the moment they are overawed by
German troops which are badly needed
elsewhere. The liberation Of Poland,
Evening star., 1944-09-01

In hand. Nor is Governor Dewey
apt to change their minds simply
by denying that this is 30. If he
is to meet the Democratic strategy,
he viii have to convince the people
that he Is qualified to serve as Presi-
dent despite his relative inexperi-
ence In national and international
affairs. He will have to demon
strate that he has a program as
good or better than the Presidents
program, and that he is capable Of
putting it into effect.
Evening star., 1944-09-01
WHY the DeIuy?

The House Labor Committee,
which has been consistently ame-
nable to the will of the administra-
ton, has decided to postpone further
hearings on a bill to create a per-
manent Fair Employment Practices
Committee until after the November
elections.
With reference To this decision,
Representative La Toilette, Repub-
lican, of Indiana. author OF the bill,
told the House on Monday: Il am
sorry to have to say that it looks
as though this bill is being bottled
up In committee during the election
campaign only because the Demo-
cratic party platform evaded the
issue of discrimination in employ
ment. I hope I am wrong because
discrimination in employment is an
issue which should transcend party
lines. 1t Is an issue on which all OF
us who are up for reelection must
stand squarely and be counted" Mr..
La Toilette then called upon "the
Democratic party and its candidate
for President to explain why
it has permitted or ordered its
Labor Committee chairman to hold
up this legislation until after the
coming election
A Senate subcommittee opened
hearing Wednesday on a companion
FEPC bill. and it will be instructive
to follow its legislative history. For
if this bill is likewise bottled up in
committee it will be quite reasonable
to assume that the Democrats In
Congress and the administration are
lodging an issue which could be ex-
pected to have serious repercussions
among their supporters in the
Southern States.
Evening star., 1944-09-01
Nerve Warfare
Prom the Victoria Times.

From the Victoria Times.
One Of the characteristics OF nerve
warfare Is that it Is felt not only by the
enemy. but also by the side that prose-
cutes 1t. If it Is effective in giving the
enemy the jitters, then 1t is certain to
create . degree Of tension and expect.
ancy on our own side. This Is by no
means bad thing, Of course, unless It
turns to restlessness and disappointment
ut the delay. Here Is something to
guard against.
Evening star., 1944-09-01
Ballot a Badge

To the Editor of The Star:
1t is surprising that David Lawrence
allowed his antagonism to the admins
tration to lead him into such a state
ment as that the soldier should be told
that "he is just as good an American
when he withholds his vote as when
he casts it."
The sounder view, regardless of party.
is that so forcefully expressed by How
ard Fast, for both civilians and soldiers:
Let us not talk any more of the right
to vote :. or the privilege! 1t is a
duty! 1t is the first and foremost duty
OF a citizen Of democracy! Only by
use Of the ballot can he justify the very
word democracy. Only by use of the
ballot can he express the freedom for
which Americans are dying. We vote
only because brave men have died for
that right; but this democracy of ours
for which they fight, cannot endure un-
less we 60 forth to the polls on election
day, fully conscious of our duty, our re-
sponsibility. and our necessity. Above
all things, the ballot is the badge of
freedom Americans wear!"
THOMAS H. DANIEL.
Columbia, 8. c.
Evening star., 1944-09-01
Surely!
TO the Editor of The Star:

TO the Editor OF The Star:
Hey, what do you mean by printing
letter from somebody named u. g." in
which he says that Mrs. Edith Nourse
Rogers is fine, gracious. warm-hearted.
intelligent lady, with the Implication
that I think differently? Just for the
record. think she is all of those things,
and good looking. besides.
LOWELL ANLNT.
Evening star., 1944-09-01

In East Africa is found a rare
tortoise which has a thin, flexible
shell and can flatten itself to crawl
into crevices and hide. M. Laval
must be wishing he were similarly
equipped these days.
Evening star., 1944-09-01

Two tanks, one Yank and one
German, crashed on q highway in
France. It was the latter vehicle
which got the ticket.
Evening star., 1944-09-01
Slums Blamed for Crime

Slums Blamed for Crime
l am In no way connected with the
Juvenile Court, but I have given con-
siderable time and thought to the prob
lem of crime.
F. G. c. tells us of youthful offenders
who have committed minor infractions
OF the law and are not sent to Jail but
put on probation and their names kept
secret "A more complete setup for the
building OF criminals" says T. G. c.,
could hardly be imagined" would
like to point out . much more efficient
setup for criminal building. and I don't
have to use my imagination because it
is an old, old story.
First Of all, we have the initial breed
Ing spot Of criminals-the slune. You
haven't seen them? OF course not, be-
cause they are hidden. You see, the
French architect who planned the city
was not thinking Of poverty. but of
plenty. 20 he laid 1t out In huge blocks
Later, when property became expen-
sive, these blocks were subdivided with
alleys and crudely constructed houses
built along them. How would you like
to have your front room (or maybe
your only room face on an ugly alley?
If you had lived your formative years
In house that had little or no plumb
Ing II you'd had to sleep on the floor
with the rest Of the family, or If you'd
been hungry and cold half the time,
maybe you would feel like snatching a
purse from = stranger in the street.
Nonsense" you may say; but So
Geological studies have proven the truth
OF my statements. The slums are a pri-
mary school of crime. After several
years in this school, the prospective
criminal decides to do something to
even things up. We'll, lets give him
good 5-year stretch in a nice, strict
reform school. That ought to fix him!"
you answer
So now We come to the secondary
school Of crime-the reform school.
Here he gets q much more deeply i'm
bedded sense Of social injustice. But
that's all right-heu II get even, no mat
ter how long he has to wait. And while
he's waiting, he is learning lots From
the other. more hardened criminals he
is learning hundreds of tricks of the
trade.
The more years in reform school, the
better equipped he becomes for a life
OF crime. But. shall We say. by some
miracle he does decide to reform-what
then? Can he get any kind of decent
job? OF course not, he is a marked
man; the doors Of opportunity are
closed tighter than ever.
1t we want to stop crime, We first
must remove the slums which are, I
repeat, the breeding place of crime. The
next best solution is to take the GRIM
inal at the start of his career and try
to convince him that if he lives hon.
eStly he will get a break. Ak II
Evening star., 1944-09-01
Letters to The Star
Doctrine of "Solid South" Seen
As Tradition ONLY

To the Editor Of The Star:
Each day 1t becomes more evident
that President Roosevelt's chances OF
reelection hinge less upon the judg-
ment of the voters than upon q tradi-
ton.
Political expediency occasioned the
violation of the two-term tradition in
the last election; in 1914, the same in
dividuals who harangued against the
two-term tradition piously are appeal
ing for continuance Of another custom
that Of solid South" support of the
Democratic nominee regardless of whom
or what he may be or what the South
may desire.
Unquestionably, the tradition of a
'sold South" has less justification un-
der democratic practice than the two
term principle; but to assure his re-
election the President must do every
thing possible to keep the South from
breaking this unreasonable tradition
A recent poll indicates that the
Presidents strength is least among
those States where two-party govern
ment exists; the overwhelming bulk of
his electoral support will come from the
solid South" There is little doubt
that If these States were to split their
vote in the same proportion as the re-
mainder OF the Nation, President Roose-
welt would be defeated decisively.
1t is an unhappy situation when
candidate for the presidency must de-
pend upon a tradition in order to win
an election. This is particularly true
when it is made clear that this candi-
date was not the nominee of the States
which will do the most toward electing
him.
The majority of the Southern States
repudiated President Roosevelt at the
Chicago convention. In spite of this,
the Presidents supporters assert full
claim to the South's 155 electoral votes.
1t, therefore, is gratifying news to learn
that number of the Democratic elec-
tors of the South are planning to break
with tradition to the extent of refus-
ing to support the Democratic nominee.
To the millions of antiadministra.
ton voters in the Southern States, such
action indirectly will provide a vehi-
Gle for registering their dissatisfaction.
1t IS hoped that this break with ira
dition Is an omen of a restoration OF
the South's political independence.
ARTHUR FULLER SOUTHER
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1944-03-11

Sports
The Goodman Athletic Club, mo-
tored to Richland Thursday, re-
turning game of ball, We en-
joyed it very much yet the visit
ing team lost both games.
The Bethlehem School athletic
boys were on Goodman campus
Friday evening for a game. The
visiting team lost the game.
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1944-03-11
What Would Happen?

If frankie Macky could really
win Jessie Jackson's hearth. James
Miller would get hepped to his self
and get him a girl friend? Alther
Lee Mitchell would stop doing the
Canal street and sand in school?
Rosie Lee would stop pretending
that William Thomas is her boy
friend?
It seems that Fred Lane has an
afafir and don't know anything
about it. The lucky lady is Fannie
Mae Baily $50 she thinks). She
seems to want to hitch him whether
he says so or not. Watch yourself,
Fannie Mae. the boys may not like
you. Percy Winters and Robbie
Rogers are really on the beam.