davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1944-02-08
Privute Initiutive Essential
Prom the Montreal Star,

The great necessity for a continuation
Of initiative in Canadian enterprise was
one Of the themes featured In the ad-
dress Of Lewis L. Lang, president of
the Mutual Life Assurance Co. Of Cam
ada, at the annual meeting. Basing his
argument on the axiom that where men
are denied freedom of choice and action,
initiative disappears and gives way to
inertia and inefdciency, Mr.. Lang de-
clared that 1t would indeed be lament
able If, after making all sacrifices of an
all-out war to defeat tyranny, Canadians
found themselves in the grasp Of . rigid
governmental system of control, and
added:' 1T seems now as certain rs
anything can we'll be that for some time
at least Canada will have neither q COM
plete system Of governmental control
and ownership nor one entirely free
from governmental control"
Mr.. Lang admitted that we must ex-
pect, for time at least after the war
ends, more government control and di-
rection than before the war, and said
that the great majority OF Canadians
recognize these facts, but that they hope
and should strive to insure that the
final mingling Of government control
and free enterprise will be such as will
result in the greatest and most varied
opportunities for the further develop
ment Of the capacity for individual
achievement which the Canadian people
have demonstrated % effectively
throughout their history. 7
Evening star., 1944-02-08

high command is compelled to with
draw its armies to other theaters of
operation.
On the other hand, If the Nazis, de-
spite their heavy reinforcements of the
last 10 days, are compelled to yield, it
appears likely that they will take adj
vantage OF the flexibility of their forces
and withdraw them we'll beyond Rome
to the strongly fortified positions along
the Po River. There they hope to hold
on for long time with a much smaller
force.
X X
1t is believed in many quarters in
Washington that the Casino battle
will determine the fate of Rome. 1t Is
Evening star., 1944-02-08
For Certain Birds

Chant loudly your ,Delcome
For robin and Dren
Which, sensing the springtin,e,
Are ,Uith US again;
For blackbird returning
Whose glittering sheen
Makes hieroglyph patterns
On earth's tender green;
Sing praise for the bluebird
Who goes hurtling by:
Springs symbol OF happiness
Dropped from the sky.
But I'll sing a pdean
For birds that remained
To brape the cold tUith US
When summer had ,Oaned;
- The pigeon tDho strolled
On the ice-copered street;
The dauntless broUn spdrroU
Who chirruped through sleet,
The diDe-bombing bluejay,
The junco, blithe, small,
And eUen the startling
Who n1dddened Us all.
A Welcome to all the birds
Back in the trees
But orchids to those
Who tDers not absentees.
3. r. WILLIAMS.
Evening star., 1944-02-08
TUESDAY. February 8, 1914
Shelling the Homeland

II the japanese people have the
means OF knowing what is happen
Ing in the Pacific, they must realize
by now that the tide of battle has
shifted and that the triumph which
once seemed to close at hand is
slowly but surely being converted
into inevitable defeat.
The reduction of the Marshall
Islands, supposedly an almost i'm
pregnable Japanese outpost, was &C
compllshed with the support of
American naval units which have
been described as the most powerful
naval force ever assembled in the
Pacific. In all, some 2,0OO,OO0 tons
OF American warships participated,
steaming into this enemy strong
hold in almost contemptuous def
ance OF the japanese Navy and Air
Force. This, of itself, must have
been enough to shake the japanese
people. But when they learned
that, almost simultaneously, another
American naval force was assaulting
Paramushiro, thousands of miles
away, the effect on their morale
must have been depressing indeed.
This northern task force, of un-
disclosed strength, steamed into
Japan's home waters and shelled
Paramushiro for twenty minutes.
Except for return fire from shore
batteries, it was not challenged by
the enemy. There has been no an
nouncement OF the extent of the
physical damage inflicted, but an
uninterrupted twenty minute she'll
Ing can be very destructive. Prob
ably even more important, however,
is the psychological effect of this
bold attack on Japan's homeland,
1900 miles by air from Toxic.
1t the people of Japan know all
OF this, they must wonder how it
happens that an American Navy,
which, according to their govern
ment, was destroyed at Pearl Har-
Dor, and then promoted from a
fourth-rate to no better than a
second-rate. force, can inflict dam
age OF this sort in such widely sep
arated theaters. Perhaps they are
beginning to suspect that they have
not been told all the facts of war
as 1t is waged by a decadent de-
rocracy which would not and could
not fight.
Evening star., 1944-02-08

the armed forces, free from any posi-
bility of civilian or local interference
The Ministers of War and Navy, and
the chiefs Of staff OF the two services,
were all given the right of direct access
to the Emperor; which meant that the
service ministers (who were required to
be officers on the active list) could
always bypass the Premier, and that
each chief of staff. If he thought fit,
could always bypass his own minister.
No nonsense about decentralization of
civil superiority to the military power
in that arrangement! The leaders of
Japan were not preparing an instrument
for the defense Of japanese territory
and Japanese rights, but an instrument
Of conquest, to be welded by a single
hand.
Contrast this with the armies of the
wealth. the great dominions have been
extremely jealous Of their military
rights. One of the earliest demands Of
each, as it grew toward nationhood, has
been the exclusion from its territory of
United Kingdom garrisons. Each has
formed its own military forces, con-
trolled entirely by its own government;
though for obvious reasons they all use
the same training manuals end send Sc
lected officers to British military schools.
AS for the United Kingdom, the crown
possesses the right to have an army at
all only on years sufferance; the Army
Act (annuaD must be repassed each year
by Parliament in order for the British
Army to have legal right to exist In
Switzerland, the several cantons jealous
ly retain their control of enlistments,
etc. and the appointment of officers up
to the rank of captain. In the United
States, the size of the Regular Army Is
restricted by Congress, and in time OF
peace the States possess great deal Of
authority over their National Guards,
though training and organization are
kept uniform throughout the nation.
Thus the Russian action in decentral-
izing military control and administra-
ton to any degree is perfectly clear
announcement of peaceful intent toward
Russias neighbors. It will not serve for
the Russian-haters to claim that this
is an insincere and really meaningless
gesture, for human beings do not react
that way. When a local Soviet is given
military authority, some at least Of its
members will take that authority seri-
ously.
It will never be possible for the CEN
trail government at Moscow. TO act with
Evening star., 1944-02-08
Letters to The Star
Blames Maryland Executives
for School System Faults

To Editor Of The Evening Star:
So the public is apathetic about the
Maryland State public school system!
Thus we are told in the address given
at the University of Maryland by Thom-
as G. Pullen, jr., superintendent of
State schools as reported in The Star
Of February 2.
Mr.. Pullen is right about the apathy,
but the parents who have worked so
hard for better results feel that it ap-
plies to the school executives rather
than to the public.
After a serious and exhaustive study
OF our problems, some of us in PTA
work have drawn the following con-
cluSions:
We think that the progressive methA
DDS followed In the Maryland schools
are fine when properly carried out. But
this system Is not successful unless the
greatest skill, from top to bottom, is
applied. The technique is designed to
be used In small classes with the high
est type of supervision. These condi-
tions do not prevail in Maryland.
Since emphasis Is placed on commu-
nifty living and social science rather
than the basic subjects, many diver
sions from regular classes are encour-
aged. Seasonal parties PLAYS, basket
ball games, paper collections, bond
drives and other projects too frequent
ly take the place of essential school
work. These activities are desirable
but for the most part could be carries
on outside OF classroom hours.
The window dressing of this system
apparently comes before the needs of
basic education. Furthermore, the
children become Indifferent toward the
repetition of courses on community liv-
ing. Good study habits and a cultural
background are not developed.
We feel that our children are not
being given all that they could assimi-
late. The level of their work is not
checked by standard tests. They do
not have effective English courses. They
are not given national and world his
tory. but they are encouraged to do
postwar planning in the seventh grade!
1t would be wise If the executives of
our State school system read the signs
Of dissatisfaction and took steps to-
ward improving the situation. We are
spending lot of tax money on educa-
ton and not getting enough for it. It
Is entirely possible that the trouble
with our school system is apathy at the
top rather than on the part of the pub
lie. whom Mr.. Pullen has seen fit to
criticize. BERNICE WILSON.
Rockville, Md.
Evening star., 1944-02-08

the same degree Of complete dictatorial
control in military affairs which it
might have exercised before the recent
decisions were announced. Hereafter
or, at least. after this war is over-the
local Soviets will assume, in whole or
in part. the authority given to them by
the new plan, and there will inevitably
be friction unless they are allowed to
have what has been promised them.
This action by the Russian govern
ment should, therefore serve to increase
American and British confidence in
Russian good intentions, and thus con-
tribute materially to the cooperation
OF the three great powers on which not
only victory but the building of just
and lasting peace to follow victory must
ultimately depend.
(Copyright, 1914, New York Tribune, Incl
Evening star., 1944-02-08

war international formation, in which
one communist state stood, in ideologi-
cal isolation, against many capitalist
states 1t is now a case of many and
many.
So long as it was a case Of the one
and the many, an ineradicable taint
of temperatures hung over the Soviet
experiment. The one exception in an
otherwise orthodox world must always
seem like a freak, a sport, an entity
which has not quite proved its right to
life.
49,
But now that it Is a case of the many
and the many, this old ne-sided
Evening star., 1944-02-08

mensions. Peopled by not much
more than ten or fifteen thousand
natives-few of them Japanese-the
Marshalls will probably present a
relatively simple problem in military
government, but they will serve
nonetheless as a valuable proving
ground for the pattern of control
to be put in operation when our
forces smash their way into the
more complex and populous areas of
the Pacific.
Evening star., 1944-02-08
Red Political Offensive

Soviet diplomacy Is moving as
fast and as aggressively as the So
Wet armies. In both cases the STRAIT
egy is one Of closely synchronized
blows on several fronts. Last Sun
day witnessed the simultaneous
launching of three political drives,
directed respectively against Poland,
Bulgaria and Finland.
The Polish drive is the most i'm
portant, especially for It's wider
implications. Last Saturday the
Ukrainian Soviet Republic set up
its own Department of Foreign Al
fairs, under the recent constitu-
tional change whereby each of the
16 members of the Soviet Union
has diplomatic powers. The new
Ukrainian Foreign Minister is none
other than Alexander Korneichuk,
formerly Soviet Vice Commissar of
Foreign Affairs and husband of
Wanda Wasilewska, leader of the
Moscow sponsored Free Poland"
Committee. Within "a hours, the
Ukrainian diplomatic represent
ative" at Moscow appealed to Stain
to include in the Ukrainian Soviet
Republic Polish territory west of the
Curzon Line, which Moscow had
previously intimated would be the
basis for the new Polish-Soviet
border. Also, the official Moscow
radio declared in a broadcast that
a new democratic Poland" would
arise thus establishing "all condi-
tionS for friendly cooperation Of
the Ukrainian and Polish peoples"
The broadcast further stated: 1.-The
emigre Polish government Gn Lon
dom not infrequently displays its
lmperialiSt pro-Fascist tendencies
In its politics. and it is obvious that
such tendencies preclude even the
possibility Of friendly agreement"
Taken together, this would seem to
mean that Moscow intends to ignore
the Polish government in London,
which America and Britain recog-
nlze, and will deal henceforth only
with the Free Polish regime now
In Moscow. 1t will be interesting
to see whether the White Russian
Soviet Republic, when it gets its
new Foreign Ministry, will likewise
make claims on Polish territory.
Moscows diplomatic drive on Bull
garia was likewise started over the
radio in the form of a bitter attack
on the Bulgarian government for
lending its territory to Germany for
operations against Russia and its
army for use against the Yugoslavs.
1t is to be remembered that Moscow
has never broken diplomatic rela-
tlons with Sofia and that the two
countries are still technically neu-
tral toward each other. Also, Mos
COW has hitherto refrained from
press attacks on Bulgaria."--~~>--',.,.-..--2.
The third offensive, military in
form, was stiff air raid on Hell
.Sinki,s the capital of Finland the
nrst in almost two years. Its polit-
lcal character, however, is obvious.
The raid is a brusque warning for
Finland not only to get out of the
war, but apparently to surrender at
discretion. because Tass, the official
Soviet news agency, denies recent
reports in foreign countries that
peace negotiations between Finland
and Russia had been started.
Thus, on every front, Soviet diplo-
macy appears to be moving swiftly
strongly and uncompromisingly for
the attainment of its own detectives
in its own way.
Evening star., 1944-02-08

to have been modelled on those at
Versailles in France. Prior to 1918
Peterhof attracted tourists because
OF the treasures In its picture
galleries. How much Of the collec-
ton was left by the Bolsheviks to be
destroyed by Hitler's arsonists is an
open question.
Evening star., 1944-02-08

warning us about
the coming Russian
conquest of the WORLD
are very wrong in
deed. A government
which is planning q
war Of conquest, as
alter Lippmann
has already pointed
out, does not decen-
tralize its army; II
seeks rather for the
utmost in central
lied control.
Your intending
conqueror wants hi.
arnned fOrres the in
Evening star., 1944-02-08

military manage
ment, for the sake
OF securing l6 votes
at the peace table
That Is a ward
heeler's a n lysis,
and it displays the
ward -heeler's special
qualities Of intense
shrewdness and in
tense blindness.
Something far
more complex than
a vote-grab Is in
tended. First Of all,
the new Soviet move
breaks uD the pre-
Evening star., 1944-02-08

In the first place,
t h e Republicans
and anti = Federal
ballot Democrats in
the House stood up
and were counted"
in a direct vote on
the administrations
sponsored w orle Y
bill identical with
the Senate's Lucas
Green bilD. They
did not have to do
so, under the parlia-
m e n t ary situation
that prevailed in the
House. They could
Evening star., 1944-02-08

campaign IN Italy.
Should the Nazis
prev ent the 5th
Army from breaking
through at Casino,
blocking a junction
between 1t. Gen.
Mark Clark's troops
and Gen. Sir Har-
old Alex a n d e RS
beachhead force 8
below Rome, there is
little hope Of much
further progress in
Italy. In that event
we must expect a
stalemate until such
time as the German
Evening star., 1944-02-08
Condemns Japanese "Americans."


To the Editor Of The Star:
What specific measures are being
taken to determine the loyalty of
those japanese Americans" not
avowedly pro-Japanese?
Many people say. You cannot tell
a loyal Jap from a disloyal one Japa-
nese-"Americans" themselves invite
these suspicious in too many cases
by their uncommunicative, unsocial
attitude.
Why cannot this beclouded and un-
healthy situation be cleared up once
and for all by ceasing the quibbling
and adopting \ Arm policy that will
require from each and every Japanese
American" as the price Of enjoying the
privileges Of American citizenship, not
only positive and whole-hearted
declaration of allegiance, but also def
mite, personal participation in the war
effort by military service, home-front
activities, bond buying. ETC.? II they
will not thus gladly and substantially
prove their loyalty after the oppor-
tunity is given them. surely not even
the honorable" Japanese government
could find logical grounds to protest
against necessary measures leading to
their deportation.
Isn't it about time for Arm and
realistic action instead of uncertain,
weakened experimentation?
Los Gatos, Calf. JON SMELL.
Evening star., 1944-02-08
Awakening" Seen Coming.

"Awakening Seen Coming.
TO the Editor Of The Star:
For more than 10 years, with voice
and pen, have been trying to arouse
every one I could to realize what an
awful condition our national leadership
was drifting into.
It seems now that the awakening Is
drawing nearer If we muddle into four
more years of Government mismanage-
ment, we are gone as democracy.
Instead Of people being the masters
Of Government they are its servants.
Regardless of party, we should vote for
those who are most against the enemies
of our country at home.
OFT RAIDER.
Princeton. w Va.
Evening star., 1944-02-08

1t is hoped that our forces in the
Marshalls have heard Tojo's broad
cast explaining that he has cleverly
lured Americans into trap there for
destruction. These men need a good
laugh every now and then.
Evening star., 1944-02-08
I'd Rather Be Right

1t is kind OF crude, Tammanyish
approach to say that the Soviet state
has split itself into 16 republics, in
dependent as to foreign policy and
Evening star., 1944-02-08
Russian Might Split Up Maj George Fielding Eliot

The decentralization of the Russian
military establishment. as recently an
nounced, suggests that the people who
have spent SO much time and effort
Evening star., 1944-02-08
The Political Mill

The attempt of the administration
to make the Federal ballot for soldier
voting major political issue in the
coming campaign is not. working out.
Evening star., 1944-02-08
This Changing World

The battles now in progress on the
Anzio- -Nettuno and Casino fronts will
Evening star., 1944-02-08
Testifes to Trust in Leaders

To the Editor Of The Star:
It is regrettable that SO many Of us
are becoming impatient with the high
commands disposition of our armed
forces. This Is world war and the
high command has a world plan de-
signed to bring victory at the earliest
possible moment.
AS an overseas veteran OF the last
war and one who has made seven at
tempts to get into this one. am dis
appointed in some of those who charge
other than patriotic motives to the men
who are directing the war effort. OF
course, I do not know what plans the
War and Navy Departments have, but
am certain that they represent the calm
and patriotic judgment of men who want
to win this war as quickly as possible.
The Bataan outrage story was re-
leased at the proper time to release it.
Yet we have some who say that 1t was
released to sell War Bonds. A cry goes
up to do something in the Pacific, and
few days later the story breaks that
the greatest operation of the war is
being joined in the Marshall Islands.
know the great sorrows of the moth
ers and fathers of America. I know,
too, the impatience some must feel with
the apparent slow progress that we are
making, but there is nothing more i'm
portant to us all than the destruction Of
the ruthless and barbarous forces that
nearly achieved dominance in this world
Of ours. l.. J. D.
Evening star., 1944-02-08

But now that It Is case Of the many
and the many. this old one-sided
The Valley settler., 1944-07-21

ROAD FPOM VALDEZ TO
 FAIRBANDS OFTEN
 Word hes been received from Harry Le'fott who left here about June l with Clay Johnson for Valdez and Fai rpanks, that the road at Val iaz has been repaired and open- ed to civilian traffic. Mir. LeMott met his son at Valdez and they are now 1 n .Fai rbe nks and expect to vi- sit fri ends in Palmer soon.
The Valley settler., 1944-07-21

DRS. HOEFN AND ANDREWS ON VACATION
 Doctors Hoehr and Andrew to- pether wi tin their ami ly and Hi1ya Stenve1 are taking much needed vacation.
 They ere expected back about Ju " 25. During their absence only em@r4 encie es i'll be cared for at tn local hospital.
The Valley settler., 1944-07-21

TO VISIT IT TIT sTAT[.S
 Mrs. N. P. Mul1oney ano My John Long are expecting to 1eavt this week end for the Stat s. }. Long will visit wi tn her !" rent; at Spokane, Washington
 Mrs. M1llaney will visit f. Ca1ifornia for while, then 60 m to St. Louis, Miss olri anG Wash g. ton D. c.
The Valley settler., 1944-07-21

CAR STAMPS ON SALE AT ?. 0.
 The mott O, ve,.icle st,mps will be sold at the Post Office only through the month Of J.ly.
 After Anaust l they ", Il neve to be. pocured from the Collector of internal Revenue in Tecomr Washing ton.
 Be wise and buy your stamp TOW.
The Valley settler., 1944-07-21

RICHARD MoHAN's HAVE f Df rt9HTER
 Mir. and Mrs. Richerd ! chan en- nounce the birth of 6 danshte wei ehina eight pounds, 5 ounces. The little miss has been ns ned Carmel Lee.
 Mrs. Mohan is thr for 1er .~'" "Doodles" Lee and Is makir her ue at the present wi tn her grandparents at Forest Lake, Minnes otn.
 Mrs. Mohan is the deu It r of MT. and Mrs. F. s. Lee, local redi- dents.
 MT. Mohan is with the Armed Forces.
The Valley settler., 1944-07-21

MRS. McMAHAN APP POINTED TO o.P.i The local Office Of Price = ministreti ion announces the appos |. ment of Mrs. Gladys McMahan, to as War Price end Rat oning Bo, rd. l 5 McMehan will serve in the capacity of Cons tuners Service member.
 Mrs. McMahan has lived in 1 . Territory for eighteen years.
The Valley settler., 1944-07-21
FISHING REPORTED GOOD

UUL
 AT WILLOW.
 The past two weeks many fish st olies have reg ched Pa Inner that the fishi ns at Willow has besn very good. Severel perties returned last week wi tn good catches of Gray ling end Dolly Warden Trout.
The Valley settler., 1944-07-21

MRS. ERICKSON IS FoSPITALIzED
 Mrs. Carl Fri cks on, formerly a Pe liner resident is recovering from @ aopendi citis opereti ion in the Gov ermant Hospital in Anch orage.
 Mrs. Fri ckson recently receiv- ec letter from her son Gene. He tc them Of his mining expert fences Everytr ine- is sent in and out by plana. He is some wher in Brazil
 Gene Erickson is graduate of the University of Alaska.
Evening star., 1944-02-29
Coin Dealers 5 Conviction
In Nuxi Plot Reversed
y the Assooiatod YYoee.

~ sne Aeooetaeo4 xxo1g.
CHICAGO. Fsb. 2e.-Ths United
States Circuit Court Of Appsals'yes-
tsrday rsvsrssd the conviction o.
Prank 3. Smith. . rare-coin dealer,
accused of trying to acquire and
export gold bullion to Germany.
The unanimous decision OF the
judges held there was insufacient
evidence to convict smith, who wa
sentenced last fall to : year and I
day IN Federal prison m I charge
q conspiracy to violate the Trading
With-th Enemy Act.
The court, however, uphald q simi-
lar sentence Tor Smiths co-defend-
ant, Ebridgs Gerry Bates, an elec-
trical supply salesman.
At the TRIAL Smith, DAtes and Kurt
|E. 6chimkuS, Z research chemist
were charged with trying TO- buy
more than 1000 ounces Of gold fo1
shipment to Germany. Schimku,
was acquitted BY the jury.