davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1944-06-15
Consumer Owned
Cooperdtives Win
Boost From AFL
Members Benefit BY Receiv-
ing High QuulitY Goods
At Fair Prices

Washington (FP).-Organization of
indorsed by the ALL in Labor's Month
ly Survey, which said that in these
days Of high prices and poor quality
goods in the stores, union members
are awake to consumers problems.
Unions protect our income when we
receive ii, but how can we protect
ourselves when we spend It? Many
union members have already found the
answer: organize consumers coopera-
tives; own and control the stores that
serve you"
After pointing out the democratic
organization of cooperatives, wherein
business is decided by majority vote,
the Survey said that in nearly 30
cities AFL members are buying from
coOperatives and benefitting by high
quality goods at fair prices. These
stores serve more than 10000 union
members and do a business of over
S12 million dollars annually. These
stores also turn over $4,000 to their
members in cash savings per year"
More than j y million families in
the L. s. are members of co-ops, and
sales in all co-ops reached nearly d
billion dollars in 1913, the article said
More than 5000 coop retail stores are
selling groceries, gasoline, farm equip
ment, clothing and other items These
stores have Joined together and set up
80 wholesale houses to save them
money in buying in huge quantities.
These wholesale co-ops now have 112
factories, owned by the people. includ-
ing -four mills canneries, gasoline re-
fneries, bakeries and other factories
producing foods, etc. Co-ops return to
their members all savings made by
tories, wholesalers, and retail
stores, amounting to So million a
year.
Especially indorsed by the Survey
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1944-06-15
NUTRITION AND LABOR
SHOPPING HABITS

was to be expected, most of the people
buying at this time were working
people The greatest percentage of non
working shoppers was found in the
more exclusive neighborhood.
Unless they are needed for carrying
groceries, or perhaps for selection of
groceries, il is advisable to shop un-
accompanied by children, pals, or hus-
bands. OF the 300 shoppers observed,
four per cent were non-buyers.
Although if general shoppers are
considerate, they can improve their
conduct, especially at the cash regis
ter. The number of cashier lines in
the grocery stores visited for the re-
cent survey varied from one to three,
and all were crowded. observations
were made at the first as well as at
the last of the week. Even the store
with three lines there was no lull be-
tween ) 30 and 6 80 D. IN. Some Gus
toners waited as long as 20 minutes
to pay their bill.
Many stores had two attendants at
tdtH cash lSSlstti. otits " tiitil tic
food and one to count the ration points
and pack the food.
The average number of customers per
cash register per hour was 67. This
number indicates efficiency on the part
of the grocery stores and cooperation
on the part of the shoppers.
Several customers had their ration
points already counted. Others wasted
time by digging into their purses III
search of them. a few overpurchased
their rationed allotment and caused
the cashier some trouble in recalculat-
ing. One woman had az penny savings
bank to cash in. Another wasted time
closing her purse. A third attempted
conversation with the cashier.
(NIore articles TO follow
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1944-06-15
Ask Confessional
(Continued From PAGE One)

hood due to an awakened interest in
unionism by employees of unorganized
Industries
Brother Coffey appointed a Fifth
War Bond drive sales committee, con
sisting of Brother Malpass chairman,
assisted by i rot hers Kale, Ellis,
Thompson, Greene, Killinger and Sis
ters Fey Appleman, Alexander and
kirkenbaughn. With the neighbors'
sons ordered into battle on many
fronts, we're called upon to swing
haymaker from the pay envelope
Brother Willard Rowe, recently re-
turned from the Pacific Islands, spent
short time in the shop.
Brothers John Gusz, X. Vance, X
Tolliver, +. Wagstaff, Biddy Wycoff,
III. Lucas, III. Triesler, X. Palmer, re
Gently graduates of boot training, spent
their first furlough with their families
in Cambridge and report everything
ship-shape.- c. Id
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1944-06-15

was the Rochdale plan for coop
stores.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1944-06-15
= - y e y e
OBITUARY
CHARLES EARL REED
T. !: !. 4 4 I. 4 T. 4 T. 4 + Z. = + =

Grafton, W. Va = Word has just
been received Of the death of Pfc.
Charles Earl Reed, 81, Route 1, which
occurred in Italy while he was M the
line Of active duty.
A former employee of the Carr
China Company and member of Local
Union No %, ~ II. Of o. T., he was
the son of Mrs. Ollie Reed and had
attended public schools in this county.
Death was reported to have occurred
on April 1, 1914.
son of the late Marcellas Reed
who died here in 1912, he was a native
Of this county and is survived by his
mother and the following brothers and
sisters Pfc William Reed, somewhere
overseas; Sgt. John Fl. Reed Of Cherry
Point, y. G.; Edward Thomas Reed Of
Parkyiew James Reed of Parkview:
Mrs. Thelma Card of Wellsville Ohio;
and Mrs. Louise Kennedy and Miss
Edna Reed both of Grafton
was the Rochdale plan for coop
stores
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1944-06-15
President Sends
(Continued From Paae OneJ

Secondly, it unanimously adopted
visions of the peace settlement.
Thirdly, it unanimously adopted
resolutions concerning the economic
policies, international and national, re-
quired for the attainment of the social
detectives of the United Nations
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1944-06-15
Time Your Shopping InteIligently

Did YOU know that 81 million United
States Citizens are working today?
And that 16 million citizens are work
ing who were not working in 1910!
That is why the stores, often under
stated, are so crowded after working
hours.
Forty-five per cent of our p0pula-
tion is gainfully employed, 80 per cent
is of school age or pre-school age. The
other % per cent are non-gainfully
employed adults, most of whom are
housewives. The burden of housework
has increased with the war. The short
age of household help, the curtailment
of delivery services, the packing of
additional lunches, and disrupted home
living caused by shift work have all
called for more effort and greater re-
sponsibility on the part of the home
maker Yet, when we take note of the
fact that many women are working as
well as keeping house, we wonder If
there is not some way for everyone to
cooperate in relieving them of unnec-
essary toll and wasted time. Would it
be possible for these people to have
exclusive use of the grocery stores
during afterwork hours?
Evidence that many people are
aware of their duty in this respect
was found in recent observations of
late-afternoon shopping in some Wash
ington grocery stores. Visits were
made to four stores which cater to
DeOple of various economic levels. AS
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1944-06-15
Lively Meeting
(Continued From Pare Onel

(COnffnned From Page OneJ
service boys at our meetings. Aviation
Cadet Samuel Bourne attended our
last meeting. Good Luck Sam, come
see us again,
We are glad to see Brother Hugh
Allison back on his feet again after a
recent operation.
Don't forget to buy that Extra Bond
TO help bring the boys home soon.--
o. c. Sc
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1944-06-15
American Valuation Justified

A discussion of the tariff rates them
selves assumes increased Importance
when it is recognized that in the main
our tariff duties are levied on foreign
valuation, Il system of valuation not
alone unfair to American producers,
but, equally discriminating as between
competitive producers Of our principal
commercial nations. in fact, under our
foreign valuation system, those nations
are favored whose people suffer the
greatest submerged standards of life
and work. They are the greatest bene-
ficiaries under our present system. par
ticularly the japanese and peoples of
other low standard and semienslaved
nations.
All engaged in the American chemi-
cal industry should be grateful for the
foresight, the patience and energy of
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1944-06-15

the late Frank Garvin, who, in 1920
%, realizing the unfair and discrim-
inatory advantages which the German
cartelized chemical industry had over
its American competitors in the Ameri-
can market, prevailed on Congress to
levy tariff rates on imports of chemi-
cal products on the value of competi-
tive American products.
This system of fevying duties on the
American selling price, of American
valuation enabled the American chem
ical industry to be in Il position to
render to our nation and its allies the
valient, patriotic and all-imp0rtant
service SO essential to our victory in
this colossal and worldwide devastat
ing war.
Trade in the postwar period We
fear, will not be governed upon an in
be governed by production costs or by
prices, domestic or foreign Instead it
will be controlled by the political and
economic Objectives of each nation con
cerned with maintaining domestic EN-
ployment Ii is. our further judgment
that i'm time, when an expanded pro
duction capacity will again be realized
by the leading industrial and CONNER
cial nations abroad, that the nations
confronted with surpluses, and, for
other considerations will be prepared
for large scale export dumping wher-
ever and whenever possible.
We should be prepared at all times
and under all circumstances to protect
our own market and our own people
and be ready to meet whatever emer-
gency may arise. SO far as lies within
our power and influence let us aid
other nations and peoples to attain
higher standards of life and of work,
and enlarge and enrich the markets of
the world. In so doing, let us not be
unmindful that the interests of Amer
lea are of foremost consideration. But
regardless of whatever policy or rela
is to govern, let it be formu-
lated and arrived at in open concert,
by democratic procedure, and not by
methods or means.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1944-06-15
Asks Assistance
(Continued From Page One)

yourselves to rise up against them
when the time comes and when the
signal is given {. The choice is still
yours"
Evening star., 1944-06-13

States since those days Of 1940--
when France fell--in raising and
equipping and transporting our
fighting forces, and in producing
weapons and supplies for war. has
been nothing short Of miracle. 1t
was largely due to American team
work--teamwork among capital and
labor and agriculture, between the
armed forces and the civilian econ
omy-indeed among all of them.
! And every one who bought War
bond helped-and helped nightly!
There are still many people In the
United States who have not bought
War bonds, or who have not bought
as many as they can afford. Every
one knows for himself whether he
falls into that category or not. In
some cases his neighbors know also.
To the consciences of those people.
this appeal by the President of the
United States is very much in order.
All OF the things which we use in
this war, everything we send to
our fighting Allies, costs money!
lot of money. One sure way every
man, woman and child can keep
faith with those who have given,
and are giving, their lives. Is to
provide the money which is needed
to win the final victory.
I urge all Americans 10 buy War
bonds without stint. Swell the
mighty chorus to bring us nearer
to victory!
Evening star., 1944-06-13

and political critics, some of whom
were doing more good for Hitler
than for the United States.
Offensive All Over World.
Today we are on the offensive all
over the world-bringing the attack
to our enemies.
In the Pacific. by relentless sub
marine and naval attacks, amphibi-
Gus thrusts, and ever-mounting air
attacks, we have deprived the Japs
of the power to check the momen-
tum Of our growing and ever
advancing military forces. We have
reduced their shipping by more than
100000 tons. We have overcome
their original advantage in the air.
We have cut off from return to
the homeland tens of thousands of
beleaguered Japanese troops who
new face starvation or surrender.
We have cut down their naval
strength, so that for many months
they have avoided all risk of en-
counter with our Naval forces.
True, we still have long way to
Tokyo. But, carrying out our orig
inal strategy of eliminating our
European enemy first and then
turning all our strength to the Pa
cific, we can force the japanese tc
unconditional surrender or to ma
tional suicide much more rapidly
than has been thought possible.
Against Three Walls.
Turning now to our enemy who
4 is first on the list for destruction
Germany has her back against the
wall-in fact three walls at once
On the south-We have broker
the German hold on Central Italy
On June 4, the city of Rome fell
to the Allied Armies. Allowing the
enemy no respite, the Allies are now
pressing hard on the heels of the
Germans as they retreat northwards
In eyer-groWing confusion.
On the east-Our gallant Soviet
Allies have driven the enemy back
from the lands which were invaded
three years ago. Great Soviet
armies are now initiating crushing
blows.
Overhead-Vast Allied air fleets
OF bombers and fighters have been
waging bitter air war over Ger
many and Western Europe. They
have had two major objectiyes: To
Evening star., 1944-06-13

are feeling the shortage. Counters
in the multiple units are closed fol
days at a time until enough help
can be found to man them, Gov
ernment officials who used to be
served in separate dining rooms now
have to fetch their own trays.
For every person employed, two
leave" said an association official
I'VE don't know where they go
Sometimes 80 workers stay off the
job in single unit. Then we have
to close down counters. We can use
several hundred more people"
Restaurant officials explained they
always lost some workers in the
summer, but never have been in a
situation as tight as this. One of
them suggested that the schools
should induce vacationing students
to work to keep restaurants open.
Evening star., 1944-06-13

destroy German war industries
which maintain the German armies
and air forces. and to shoot the
German Luftwaffe out OF the air
AS result German production has
been whitfield down continuously
and the German fighter force now
has only a fraction of It's former
power.
This great air campaign, strategic
and tactical will continue-with in
creasing power.
On the weSt-The hammer blow
which struck the coast of France
last Tuesday morning, was the cul-
nina ton of many months of care
full planning and strenuous prepa-
ration.
Millions Of tons of weapons and
supplies, and hundreds of thousands
of men assembled in England are
now being poured into the great
battle in Europe.
From the standpoint of our en-
emy We have achieved the impos-
sible. We have broken through their
supposedly impregnable wall in
Northern France. The assault has
been costly in men and materials.
Some of our landings were desperate
adventures; but from advices re-
lceived so far. the losses were lower
than our commanders had estimated
would occur. We have established
a firm foothold, and are now pre-
pared to meet the inevitable Coun-
terattacks of the Germans with
power and confidence. We all pray
that we will have far more than a
Arm foothold.
All Worked Together.
Americans have all worked to-
gether to make this day possible.
The liberation forces now stream
ing across the channel, and up the
beaches and down the highways of
France are using thousands ane
thousands of planes and ships anc
tanks and heavy guns. They are
carrying with them many thousands
Of items needed for their dangerous
stupendous undertaking. There is 6
a shortage of nothing-nothing!
This must continue.
What has been done In the United
Evening star., 1944-06-13

Following is the teTt OF Presi-
dent RooSeUeltS radio address in
conjunction Nth the War Bond
rally at Terarkana opening the
Fifth War Loan driUe:
All our fighting men overseas to-
day have their appointed stations
on the far-f1ung battlefrontS of the
world We at home have ours, too.
We need, and are proud of, our
lighting men-most decidedly. But,
during the anxious times ahead, let
us not forget that they need us, too.
1t goes almost without saying that
we must continue to forge the
weapons of victory--the hundreds of
thousands Of items, large and small,
essential to the waging of the war.
This has been the major task from
the very start. 1t is still a ma jor
task This is the very worst time
for any war worker to think of
leaving his machine or to look for
a peacetime job.
Must Provide Funds.
And it goes almost without saying,
too, that We must continue to pro-
vide our Government with the funds
necessary for waging war not only
by the payment of taxes-which,
after all, is an obligation of citizen
Iship-but also by the purchase of
War bonds-an act of free choice
which every citizen has to make
for himself under the guidance of
his own conscience.
Whatever else any of us may be
doing, the purchase of War bonds
and stamps is something all of us
can do and should do to help win
the war.
I am happy to report tonight that
it is something which nearly every
one seems to be doing Although
there are now approximately 81, ,00O,-
900 persons who have or earn some
form of income Including the
armed forces), 100000 persons
have already bought War bonds
They have bought more than 60O,-
10000 individual bonds: their pur-
.chases have totaled more than $32.-
900, 100000. These are the purchases
of individual men, women and chill
dren.
Stuff of America.
Anyone who would have said this
was possible few years ago would
have been put down as a starry
eyed visionary. OF such visions.
however. is the stuff of America
fashioned. OF course, there are
always pessimists with us. I am re-
minded of the fact that after the
fall OF France in 1910 I asked for
the production by the United States
Of $4,000 airplanes per year.
l was called crazy-it was said
that the figure was fantastic: that
it could not be done Today we are
building airplanes at the rate of
100000 a year.
There is direct connection be-
tween the bonds you have bought
and the stream of men and equip
ment now rushing over the English
Evening star., 1944-06-13
Text of Presidents Plea to Buy War Bonds
Sees Defeat of Jopon Nearer Than Many Believed
If Nation Continues to Forge Weapons Of Victory

Channel for the liberation of
Europe. There is direct connec-
ton between your War bonds and
every part of this global war today.
Tonight. therefore, on the open
ing of this Fifth War Loan drive,
it is appropriate for us to take a
broad look at this panorama of
world war, for the success or failure
of the drive is going to have so
much to do with the speed with
which we can accomplish victory
and peace.
While I know that the chief in
terest tonight is centered on the
English Channel and on the beaches
and farms and cities of Normandy
we should not lose sight of the fact
that our armed forces are engaged
on other battlefronts all over the
world, and that no one front can
be considered alone without its
proper relation to all.
1t is worth while to make over all
comparisons with the past. Com
pare today with just two years ago
June, 1912. At that time Ger
many was in control of practically
all of Europe, and was steadily driv-
ing the Russians back toward the
Ural Mountains. Germany was
practically in control of North
Africa and the Mediterranean, and
was beating at the gates of the Sue7
Canal, the route to India. Italy was
still an important military and sup
ply factor-as subsequent, long cam
paigns proved.
Japan was in control of the west
ern Aleutian Islands, and in the
South Pacific was knocking at the
gates of Australia and New Zealand
and also threatening India She
had seized control of nearly one-half
of the Central Pacific.
American armed forces on land
and sea and in the air were still
very definitely on the defensive, and
in the building-up stage. Our Allies
were bearing the heat and the brunt
Of the attack.
In 1912 Washington heaved a sigh
of relief that the First War Bond
issue had been cheerfully oversub-
scribed by the American people. In
those days America was still hearing
from many amateur strategists"
Evening star., 1944-06-13
WurLo
Continued From First Page.)

Continued From First Page)
worth of bonds from Frank w. Lee.
chairman of the labor division of
the campaign, at the exhibit grounds
last night.
This purchase. plus an estimated
$4,000 in War Bonds sold at the air
show yesterday at the three bond
booths, brings the total Of bonds
sold at the exhibit since its Sunday
opening to sl,3l5.256.
The second Government agency
TO exceed its quota for the District
campaign, the Agricultural Adjust
ment Agency. today reported sub
scriptions of s74,272 in War Bonds,
or 1913 per cent of the $50, 1893 goal.
This figure represents increased
payroll deductions, cash and
pledges. Six divisions within the
scribed better than 100 per cent of
their individual quotas. They are
Southern, l6l per cent; North Cen
tral. $50 per cent; Office of the
Chief, $50 per cent: Western, ll9
per cent; East Central, 116 per
cent, and Northeast, l09 per cent.
Some 300 employees Of the Solid
Fuels and Coal Mines Administra-
ton reported yesterday it had ex-
ceeded its $4,000 extra cash pur-
chase goal by several hundred dol
. lars in a single days canvass.
John M Sherman. 7436 Georgia
avenue NV. an employe of The
Star Club, yesterday bought two $500
War Bonds, one in the name of his
son, John Francis Sherman, a cadet
bomber pilot now training in Cali
fornia, and another for his daugh-
ter, Miss Anna G. Sherman, an en-
ploye at the Navy Yard
Grover B. Hill, Undersecretary of
Agriculture and assistant war food
administrator, was guest speaker at
agriculture night last night at
The air combat equipment exhibit
show which featured members of
the cast of This Is the Army,
headed by Sergt Philip Truck
An appeal to the Italian residents
Of the District urging the purchase
Of War Bonds for the support Of the
Allied armies of liberation in Italy
was broadcast in Italian this morn
ing over Station WWDC by Mrs
Mae Vagnerini. 2l6 Eleventh street
S.W, native OF Tuscany, Italy
Mrs. Vagnerini has a son in the
United States Army who was citec
twice in action in the South Pacific
Meanwhile, it was announced that
the Fayer collection of portraits OF
United Nations leaders and soldier,
will be on display at Jelleffs de-
Evening star., 1944-06-13

partment store, F street between
Twelfth and Thirteenth streets
NV, during the campaign, begin
ming tomorrow, Flag Day.
Evening star., 1944-06-13
Restaurants
% Portraits in Exhibit.
Continued From First Page '

many other employees are doing
double jobs. an Official Of the res
taurant chain said.
Soda fountains in Peoples Drug
Stores are so per cent short of help
an Official Of the chain said. Parts
of the counters have been closed
and sometimes. after pm, the en-
tire counters are shut down. Self
service arrangements are being tried
at some of the counters.
The Sc cafeteria units operated by
the Welfare and Recreation Associ-
alton in Government buildings also