davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1944-09-06
And Now BuIquriu

II Russia's eleventh. hour declara-
ton of war against Bulgaria was
designed to give speed and direction
to that country's wobbling efforts to
break with Hitler it has abundantly
accomplished It's purpose.
The Bulgars have been sending
out peace feelers since mid-August,
but they have seemed to want peace
without incurring any of the penal
ties of defeat. What they have
sought is a neutral status, a neu-
trality which would not involve any
unpleasantness with the Germans
and under which they might hope
to retain some Of the territory
notably Macedonia and Thrace-
which they seized by force OF arms
as allies of the Nazis. But these
ambitions have enlisted scant sup
port in the Allied capitals.
Last month the Bulgars sent an
armistice delegation to Cairo to
discuss surrender terms. It does not
appear, however, that any terms
have yet been offered, and the men,
bers of the delegation are virtual
prisoners in Cairo. Meanwhile, the
Russians announced their declara-
ton OF war, and a new Bulgarian
government promptly applied to
Moscow for an armistice. Whether
the Russians will grant terms in di-
rect negotiations with Sofia remains
to be seen. If that is done, however,
= it will only serve to add to the
confusion OF an already confused
picture, for the negotiations with
the Bulgarian delegation in Cairo
have been carried on by the Euro
pean Advisory Commission, of which
Russia is member.
What does stand out clearly is the
essential fact that Bulgaria, for all
practical purposes, has lost another
war. Like the Firms and the Ro-
manians, the Bulgars have gambled
and lost. They will now have to
accept the best peace that they can
get, and their prospects are not
frightened by the impairment Of
their friendly relations with Russia,
which they had been able to preserve
until the last minute while fighting
on the side of Hitler.
The real story of why the Russians
have tolerated this relationship, of
what advantages they derived from
the maintenance of diplomatic 'rela-
tions with the Bulgars, has not been
told. 1t will make interesting read
ing when the facts come out.
Evening star., 1944-09-06
On the Record
By Dorothy Thompson

Last week the Russians marched into
the Romanian capital Of Bucharest. 1t
does not take much imagination to
know that for large groups OF the
population, at least, this event was ac-
companied by terrified apprehension.
The first press dispatch said the re-
ception was quiet" and at least one
American resident was approached by
q wealthy Romanian friend with the
request to hide his jewels. One must
recall that the armistice, which King
Michael had proclaimed on August %
had not yet been granted on August
81 when Russian troops entered the
capital. So the Romanian declaration
of friendship with the Allies, was still
unilateral.
So now the "Bolsheviks" we're COM
ing, bringing God knows what retribu-
ton! For no one can say that the poor
RomanianS-or ut least their govern
ment-had behaved handsomely during
this war. xThey behaved abominably.
Before this war they belonged to the
Little Entente and had a mutual se-
curity treaty with Czechoslovakia and
Yugoslavia. Furthermore, they had ac-
ceptedsa British guaranty of their ter
ritory. similar to that given Poland.
Nevertheless they turned against their
Allies-who were responsible for the
creation OF greater Romania in the
first place-when Russia was attacked
by the then-winning Germans, and
participated actively throughout the
whole Russian war.
The Russians also have publicly ac-
cused them. on the radio, of war crimes
of looting and numbering.
So they had every reason to be very
quiet when the Russians marched into
Bucharest.
The Romanians also were reported
to have been stunned" by the spec
tacle OF the Russian equipment-mostly
American For the first time the Ro-
manian people saw a show of mechan-
ical and mobile force that they had
thought, previously, was a monopoly
Of the Germans The result of such a
deployment of power could easily have
been Tightening terror.
Evening star., 1944-09-06

mated at : million dollars. Asta6
writer for the Canadian Press
chronicles the fact that the trem-
ors in that vicinity were accom-
panied BY - roar which sounded
~ though Ill hell had opened"
But no lives were lost, nor Is there
much, II any, peril OF any real dis
aster on the eastern side OF the con-
tinent. DR.. Walter II. Bucher Of
Columbia University gives It as his
considered opinion that there Is
about as much chance Of = man
in this section Of the planet being
hurt by an earthquake Is there 4 Of
his being injured by = meteorite
falling from the sky. There are
meteors falling al the time," he
declares, but there is no record Of
any one being hit by one"
Evening star., 1944-09-06
Announces Vote for MIR. Dewe,

Announces Vote for MIR. Dewey
To the Editor Of The STAR
May enter the Roosevelt Willkie-
Dewey discussion touched Oh by Mar
garete Parks, with particular reference
to Robert G. Mede's letter Of August %?
believe that Mr.. Mede has outlined
some fundamental truths expressing the
viewpoint Of the average American
pretty well, even II many never have
troubled to carry the analysis out so
completely.
What I'd like to suggest is that Mr..
Mede, and others with the courage to
have open minds, consider well r. D. RS
record In both domestic and foreign
fields before being Influenced by cam
paign promises, which have proved 80
empty in the past. Treatment of home
problems during the war years has been
negligent and inefficient; and the foreign
score of the Commander In Chief"
doesn't look good when analyzed. Start
ing with the ignoring of Ambassador
Crews warnings Of Japans intentions as
early as January, 1941, and running on
through the political muddle in North
Africa, and junking Of the Atlantic
Charter. it looks Is though we need q
change; and I, for one die-hard Demo-
crat, am going to vote for Gov. Dewey
next November. We all are agreed that
Mr.. willkie would not have provided
much change. w. G. B.
Evening star., 1944-09-06

But later reports that came from
Bucharest showed q complete change In
public opinion. Suddenly there was
jubilation in the streets; Russian troops
were pelted with flowers. What had
happened?
In the first place, the Germans, with
that lack Of psychological insight which
has distinguished their behavior in every
country, bombed Bucharest It was
completely senseless; 1t was a pure act
OF revenge. Romanians had fought with
them and Germans had lived on the
fat of the land in Bucharest. The Ro-
manian government had helped their
war machine to the utmost--with food
and precious oil. Now, with the Ger
mans completely defeated In Russia,
Romania was trying to get out. This
was sumcient for an egregious act OF
,reprisal. The Romanian chief of stan,
Gen. Archip, had not even sounded an
alarm when he heard German planes
approaching Bucharest, because he
could not believe that they would be
hostile.
That German behavior therefore.
prepared the soil for a better reception
for the "Bolsheviks," who have been
1941. as wild beasts with knives in their
teeth.
But now what did the Russians do?
The Red Army arrived in Bucharest
with Romanian prisoners from Stalin-
grad, These did not arrive in chains,
but as liberated men. And Is Russian
troops poured through the Capital these
released prisoners, wild with Joy to be
nome again, paraded in uniform before
massed crowds in the heart Of the city.
This was . masterpiece Of Russian
propaganda. 1t was q complete sur
prise. In combination with the great
display Of force. it said more loudly
than any words: He who attacks Russia
will die or be imprisoned. He who
makes friends with Russia will be free.
No one will caA the Russians softies.
But in their sovereign victory, they
snow foresight and insight of the pop
ular mind.
Released b. the Bell Syndicate. Ine.)
Evening star., 1944-09-06
White Elephunt TobIe

Nor rare nor beautiful nor uery old,
But sons time, sonss ,phere, they were
household gods,
Not to Be purchased for their ipeight n
gold.
The mandarin that stu bentonly mods,
Remembering hon In the long ago
Tbs children a. q treat tpould be al.
lotced
70 make his regal head s,Day to and
The shepherdess once gilded, gay and
proud,
Who has xoso orimy gray and dusty
look,
But through the CRIME her dainty little
fingers
Stig clasp 9 fragment Of beyfbboned
crook,
And IN her pose coQuettishxess stil
fingers; y
Upon her hat vague faded roses bloom. ).
She once 1d0eNed shadotDv best Yoonsl
NEz SHELDON TYLER.
Evening star., 1944-09-06
The Air and Germany

Although overshadowed by the
news of great Allied victories on the
ground, the blows struck by Anglo
American bombers against the Nazis
in recent weeks have been the
mightiest in the history of air power.
Of1cial figures from London show
that in August the Royal Air Force
and the United States Strategic Air
Forces, operating mainly from bases
in Britain, unleashed a total Of 1885,
IT'S tons of explosives and incendi-
aries on enemy targets from one end
of Europe to the other.
This figure, which does not cover
the devastating operations of Allied
tactical air forces supporting the
land armies now cutting the Nazis
to pieces, breaks all previous records.
1t means that wholly apart from
what has been hitting him from the
sky in the immediate battle areas,
the enemy since August / has had
unloaded on him, behind the lines,
an average Of 5000 tons of bombs
day. BY comparison this makes the
blitz against England-terrible as
that was-seem like mere pinprick
IN retrospect, the Luftwaffe having
been able to drop only a total of
$1,000 tons, or less than 200 daily, in
the last three months of 1910 when
the effort to knock out England was
at its height
Since August /, in other words,
American and British strategic
bombers have been carrying out
against the Nazis on offensive about
80 times more powerful than the
Luftwaffe's strongest effort against
England. And now that at least IS
airfields has passed into our hands
in France alone, with many others
waiting for US in the Low Countries,
this offensive can be stepped up at
will. Coupled with what our Allied
forces have at their disposal in Italy
and in Eastern Europe from Finland
southwark to Romania, this is rap
idly putting Germany into a position
where 1t can be almost literally
blown of the map, no matter how
desperately 1t may try to hold back
our armies on the ground.
Never did the German people
foresee, when their Luftwaffe was
exultantly pulverizing cities like
Warsaw and Rotterdam, that this
day Of retributive justice would be
visited upon them. Leaving aside
what our land forces are doing, our
air power seems virtually enough In
atself to finish OF the beast now
Evening star., 1944-09-06
Tells His Views of Jail

To the Editor of The Star:
The Washington Federation Of
Churches. cniticizing the "lack Of an
intelligent method" for dealing with
drunkenness at the District jail. really
makes me laugh. Is that the only thing
''the federation" can find wrong at the
District Jail?
Is there any committee from "the
federation" that ever takes the time or
the trouble-to visit that placer
There are many things wrong with
the District Jail. The guards are un-
derpaid and overworked. More guards
are needed but because of the low salary
paid few will take the jobs. Guards
have worked there for many years with
out any increase OF pay.
Another thing, there should be some
arrangement to let the guards eat at
the District Jail. They now are ex-
pected to do duty eight hours and more
without warm food. All they have is
the cold sandwiches that they bring in
with them.
Before "the federation" starts any
reforms IN the District Jail get more
guards there. Then the inmates Tin
Guiding the drunks). can Be dealt with.
Let the Federation Of Churches form
a social welfare unit to help those un-
fortunates In the jail 70 start life anew.
/ have seen things IN the District jail
that I never believed existed In this
great land of ours.
EDWARD JAMES SMYTHE.
Evening star., 1944-09-06
This Changing World.
By CONsf0NfiNe Brose,N

4. AS4he war against Germany reaches
~ climax high of1cials In Warrington
and London are still discussing what 70
% with Hitler. According to them. no
may become one Of the manys postwar
problems.
The United Nations governments have
pledged themselves to bring to hook the
Fuehrer and his henchmen who have
been the cause Of the present conilasra-
tion and Of untold cruelty to innocent
people. They viii be judged and pun
lshed In accordance with their crimes.
This should be easy after the collapse
ofthe German armies. Unlike the sit-
uation after the World War when the
Kaiser and the crown prince Of Ger
many were able to find refuge In neu-
tral Holland, there ID not = single neu-
trail country in either hemisphere which
would be willing to accept Hitler or any
Of his associates ~ political refugees.
Their civil crimes are such that inter-
national law cannot cover them. Should
any OF them succeed In escaping the
Reich they would be handed over to
the Allies for judgment as ordinary
criminals.
hut there are many high officials in
the United States and Britain who be-
lieve that the best thing that could hap
pen to the world would be wholesale
massacre Of the Mani chiefs by the Ger
man people themselves, thus saving us
the worry and the headaches Of an In
ternAttonal trial. There is always q
danger that the defense under such
circumstances may make 1t appear in
the eyes OF the German people that
these criminals have been the victims
Of revenge" Today and within the
next few years the feelings and the
thoughts Of the German people are i'm
material.
But in years to come, since 1t Is un-
likely that we will purge" the 79,QO0.-
900 Germans who live within the Reich,
1t might be dangerous If Hitler, Goer-
ing and the other top-ranking MANS
were elevated to the rank Of martyrs"
Either q mass massacre by the Germans
themselves or trial Of Hitler and his
henchmen by his own people with the
understanding that they would be
hanged would avoid the possibility Of
the Nad chieftains becoming martyrs
long after this war is over.
In some quarters it is considered that
the escape Of the Nazi leaders to neu-
tral country and their extradition to
Evening star., 1944-09-06

the Rsich - ordinary criminals would
b by far the hest solution Tor the Allies.
Emperor Wilhelm and the entire Hc-
henzollern family lost out completely In
Germany because the Kaiser and his
sons ran away like towards when defeat
became inevitable. Had they placed
themselves at the head Of the army and
fought to the last It IL probable that
the history Of Germany would have been
different. In the course Of events, In
stead Of having the Austrian house
painter with his paychopathic gang -
the leaders Of the German people, Ger
many eventually might have restored
one Of the many members OF the impe-
rial family at the helm Of state. s
But the desertion Of the Hohenzol-
lerns disguised the Germans. It Is true
that they went from bad to worse when
they accepted Hitler.
In 1918 David Lloyd George and
Georges Clemenceau saw clearly that
trial by an Allied tribunal Of the Ger
man ruling families might make them
into martyrs" They accepted with In
difference the fact that the German
Emperor and his heir to the throne
found refuge In Holland. Although
they could have exercised real pressure
on the Dutch government to extradite
the imperial refugees they let them live
In . luxurious refuge and made no OBJ
lection when Crown Prince Frederick
William returned to Germany.
-
The situation today Is not similar to
that Of 26 years ago. The hold Of the
Austrian upstart on HIS subjects was
not based on ancestors" VINO had helped
build Germany from nothing to first
class power. Nevertheless there are
many In Washington and London who
believe that If Hitler and his gang were
wiped out by their own people, such
action would dispose Of a victim"
around whose name German NATIONAL
lists might rally in future years.
The names Of Kosciuszko in Poland,
Racozy in Hungary. Prinzip, the assas-
sin of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, the
Austrian heir to the throne, in 1914, and
many others are still awakening nation
alistic sentiments among their own peo-
pie. OF course, no one can compare the
Polish and Hungarian national heroes
with Hitler. But history can be doctored
after many years have passed into max
ing man Of Hitler's type into . ma
tional hero should this appear conven-
lent to the interests Of certain groups.
Evening star., 1944-09-06
German Army Strength
By Maj. George Fiel1inf Eliot

Can the Germans make q stand along
the line Of the Rhine and the West
Wall-that Is. on the fortified defensive
zones Of the German western frontier?
There has been considerable doubt ex-
pressed in informed quarters on this
point. This doubt is based on the Ger
man difficulties in the matter of trained
fighting manpower. No fortresses, no
river lines are defensible unless there
are enough well-trained, well-equipped
and well-commanded soldiers to defend
them.
Let us see what the German resources
in the west amount to.
To begin WITH there were 65 German
divisions in France. Belgium and the
Netherlands on D-day, divided among
four armies: The 7th and 18th along
the Channel coast, the 1st in Southwest
ern France, the 18th on the French
Mediterranean coast Three additional
divisions are known to have been
brought in since, one from Denmark and
two from Poland, plus possibly two or
three more from Northern Italy, but the
latter information is uncertain. Let us
say 68 divisions all told.
OF these. according to Gen. Eisen-
hower's report, Is have been destroyed
in Northern France up to August IS, and
1 are isolated in Brittany or the Chan
mel Islands. That leaves 80 divisions.
Eighteen more Of these have been very
badly cut up and have suffered severe
losses" in Northern France, which means
that they are reduced to mere frag-
ments, having perhaps the fighting
power Of regimental combat team
each. That, too, Is the status Of the
remaining three divisions of the 10Th
Army. the other three having been elm
mated in Marseille, Toulon and else
where in Southern France.
That leaves the Germans grand
total Of is intact divisions plus 81 "frag-
ments." But considerable number Of
these divisions, many Of which were Inn
mobile garrison units, have now been
cut OF along the Pas-de-Calais coast,
ets tnotably the big pocket In the for
est Of Compiegne) far behind the Allied
lines. II We count three fragments as
equaling one division and make rough
estimate Of eight divisions cut on We
shall arrive at = figure Of the equivalent
Of IA divisions which probably repre-
. sents the total remainder Of their
western forces which the Germans can
hope TO pull back to their Rhine de-
lenses.
Obviously this Is by no means enough
to hold front extending from the sea
/. Ton the coast Of Holland to the Swiss
frontier In the vicinity Of the Belfort
Gap. + the Germans must depend On
what = IN q thei4 wee&ssn axmies,
Evening star., 1944-09-06
Asks About Polish Exiles

To the Editor Of The Star:
The article, tRepatriating Millions
Torn From Homes Mighty Task" by
Joseph H. Baird in the Sunday Star for
September J, is Of q particularly poig-
nant interest to persons whose family
members are among those tragic
millions.
Most strangely, however, Mr.. Baird
does not mention the plight Of the
other millions deported to Siberia
whom even the international Red Gross
cannot reach. Are they to be forgotten
by the United Nations Relief and Re-
habilitation Administration? Are they
to remain slaves the remainder Of their
lives. away from their families, their
country, deprived even Of their citi-
senship3 Does not the principle of
Justice apply to them also?
These are the burning questions that
torture many heart today. VIII there
- - 0ADWoeS 4 1O1.k
Evening star., 1944-09-06
Earthquake Danger

People may believe what they
like about earthquakes. Some, Of
course, will be more easily fright
ened about them than others. The
greatest fear commonly is expressed
by persons who have lived in those
portions of the globe which have the
newest contours. It Is a fearsome
experience to have the ground un-
der ones feet thoroughly agitated.
Yet the number of individuals who
have quit California or Mexico or
Chile because Of the tremors there
is few. The generality of human
beings are not amenable to being
scared even by nature on a ram
page.
In the neighborhood of Washing
ton, anyway, the crust of the planet
is believed to be well settled" The
whole Atlantic seaboard, geologists
say, is very old. It's backbone" is
the Appalachian range of noun
tains, a chain of rounded hills
which long ages ago looked like the
Rockies do now. The explanation
Of their present appearance is that
they have been worn down"
through hundreds OF centuries. It
is not often that their substructure
Is disturbed. The movements felt
from Quebec to Wisconsin and vir-
ginia early yesterday morning were
"the most severe" ever recorded in
New York by living seismologists,
but the Rev. Father Joseph Lynch
of Fordham University summed up
the professional point Of view by
suggesting that in Japan they prob
ably would have been ignored.
At the epicenter Of the trouble,
however, 1t did not 60 unnoticed.
Cornwall, Ontario, reports damage
to public buildings and homes est.
Evening star., 1944-09-06
Criticizes Spenders Again

To the Editor of The Star:
William Gladstone said: "One example
is worth . thousand arguments" For
. decade, the New Dealers argued furi-
ously regarding the desirability of spend-
ing our way out Of trouble into Utopia,
but the example they set Of throwing
the taxpayers money all over the land
scape destroyed respect for money while
fostering waste and creating grave fears
concerning our financial future.
Today the national debt apparently Is
headed for the half-a-trillion mark with
q ceiling not even in sight. It Is inter-
esting to note that two members of the
Briti$h House of Lords recently said,
Britain is broke"
Only crackpots could believe that this
Nation could keep piling up deficits at
the expense Of weary taxpayers without
courting fiscal chaos. The time is over
due to elect men wf.o believe In balanc-
ing budgets.
EDMUND K. GOLDsBOROUGH.
Evening star., 1944-09-06
The Tomato

Historians no doubt will recall
1914 as the year which brought de-
feat to Germany. Others will re-
member it as the Year OF the
Tomato. It has come into its own.
It has done even more. It has
assumed q commanding, II not over
whelming position in many WASH
ington homes. It is . leading topic
Of conversation, . compulsory ele-
ment of diet, . never lending chal-
lenge to the housewife to eat all
you can and can all you can't. It
is the Victory gardeners most sat-
isfactory experiment. It is good to
look upon and it is prolific to an
astonishing degree.
Yet in some respects it suggests
a Frankenstein creation. The frail
little plants Of early June have now
become monstrous growths. The
neat little stakes which once sup
ported them have been replaced by
heavy timbers. And that first ex-
cited gathering Of luscious, red fruit
has now become a daily and rather
appalling harvest. The successful
Victory gardener is confronted not
only with platters Of cold, sliced
tomatoes, but with baked tomatoes,
stuffed tomatoes, stewed tomatoes,
fried tomatoes-tomatoes served in
every form that human ingenuity
can devise, and on every occasion
that manners will permit. Raw to-
matoes on the kitchen shelves, to-
matoes in rows of jars, tomato
pickle, tomato ketchup, tomato this
and tomato that. And for every
tomato plucked from the vine, two
will be there tomorrow.
There must be an end to it some
time. Something, like the first frost,
eventually will put a stop to this
astounding manifestation of natures
bounty. But none too soon.