davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-05-12
BUREAUCRACY HIT
BY Sen. FERGUSON
Scion And Advisor To FDR
Debate Merits And De-
merits OF System

CHARLOTTE, May IL Up -
Jonathan Daniels, an avowed bu-
reaucrat, and Senator Homer Fer
guson, a Michigan Republican, de-
bated the merits and dement's Of
bureaucracy in nationwide ra-
dio- program broadcast h e r e to-
night.
Daniels, an adviser to President
Roosevelt and former editor of the
News and Observer, Raleigh, said
bureaucracy in peace and in war
is the human governmental ma
ehinery we Americans put togeth-
er ourselves to make America
mean what we intend it to mean
to do what we want it to do. -
"It is t m e,'' he declared,
Somebody broke the political pot
overlooking with libel of the Amer
lean public service and public SER
wants"
On the other hand, Senator Fer
guson defined bureaucracy as 1.-The
administrative device by which the
power of ruling clique is Sc
cured and perpetuated.
bureaucracy cannot be defend
ed" he asserted. LAS method
of administering the affairs of the
people it is totally indefensible. I"
The debate was broadcast over
the Blue network on the "Ameri-
cas- Town Meeting of the airs
program. George v. Denny, Jr.,
president Of the Town Hall, Inc,
New York, was moderator.
Daniels defended the size of the
nations civilian payroll as essen
tial to the war effort.
ION March 81, 1914, as any
critic of bureaucracy will tell you, :"
he said, 'there were 2,839,000 paid
Continued on Page Five; Col. 81
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-05-12
House IS SPLIT
ON BIG CT BILL

WASHINGTON, May Ii lR -
A controversy over educational
provisions of the &C. I. Bill OF
Rights" split the House into two
groups today, each accusing the
other of seeking to impose bureau.
cratic control from Washington
over state and private schools.
The first Of probably four days
of debate on the overall veterans
benefits measure found little in
dispute except the provision for
sending qualified veterans to
school after the war and paying
their tuition and subsistence.
However, there is a likelihood
that before vote on final pass
age, scheduled for next Thursday
an attempt will be made to broad
en- unemployment compensa-
ton provisions.
AS passed by the Senate, the
legislation called for a maximum
of So weeks of unemployment com
pensation. T h House veterans
committee trimmed the coverage
period to 26 weeks.
Opening debate, Chairman Ran
kill D-Miss.) of the veterans
committee estimated that the
overall cost of the legislation in
its present form would be $780,
100000. Those figures, he told the
House, we're based on estimates
of the Veterans Administration,
which would administer most OF
its provisions.
Rankin and other members OF
his committee commended t h t
many of a group of educational
leaders who met here last week
and criticized the bill as a menace
to state control of schools had not
even seen it.
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-05-12
SWEEPING NEW DRAFT DETERRENT PLAN REVEALED
transportation Network
Given Devastating Raid

LONDON, Friday, May 12.-R)-
The Nazis' anti-invasion transpor-
tation network was given its most
devastating pounding of the war
yesterday by 1000 Allied warplanes
which dropped 700 tons of bombs,
and early today Raj night raiders
carried the offensive into its 18th
consecutive day with a new attack
on the coast of northern France.
The seaside town of Folkstone,
on England's channel shore, rever-
berated from the shock of the high
explosives blasting targets in the
darkness across the Strait of Do
yer.
The raid lasted only a short time,
starting soon after a great force
of heavy bombers roared across to
the continent, and appeared to be
concentrated in the vicinity of the
port of Boulogne. But while it last
ed the ground around Folkestone
trembled and windows and dishes
ratified.
The daylight raids by American
and British formations made up of
all types of bombers and fighters
mauled 10 different Nazi rail cen
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-05-12
STIMSON AYERS
NAILS HARD HIT

WASHINGTON, May H. R -
Secretary of War Stimson, in a
war review, stressed again today
the heavy damage being inflicted
by allied air forces on European
communication lines vital to Ger
man movement of armies and sup
plies to combat any invasion
A week ago the war secretary
expressed the opinion that such
damage was beyond the Nazis'
ability to repair and he told a
news conference today the enemy
is falling still farther behind in
efforts both to improvise COM
munications and conserve defen-
sive fighter plane strength.
1.-THE enemy's transported ton
system in northwestern Europe
appears to have been shaken bad
ly," Stimson said. 1.-The Nazi
fighter force has been reduced and
enemy air opposition is sporadic,
but they can still muster consider
able strength in the air to meet
an attack which they consider
threatens vital installation.
On other fronts, he reported:
The enemy withdrew three to II
miles along a 20-mile front near
the Adriatic en- of the line in Italy
with the British 9th Army advanc-
ing. Allied air operations based in
Italy are growing in power, and
the attacks on Bucharest railway
yards have disorganized and shat
tered traffic into that area. The
capacity of oil refineries at Ploesti
has been reduced at least tenn
porarily to less than one fourth
normal.
The Red Arny's capture of Sc
vastopol, completing the Crimean
campaign, gives the Soviet forces
sea and air bases to dominate the
Black sea and threaten the Ro-
manian coast, and also frees the
Soviet armies in the Crimea for
use elsewhere.
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-05-12
-
mes Benson
q Be Made
City: Manager
ACTION IS EXPECTED
A. c. Nichols Granted
Leave OF Absence By
The City

City Clerk James r. Benson will
be designated today by the city
council as acting city manager of
Wilmington during the extended
absence of City Manager A. c..
Nichols. Mayor Pro Tenn w.
Ronald Lane disclosed last night.
MIR. Nichols has been granted
leave from his duties for a month,
and has gone to Clearwater, Fla,
where funeral services for his wife
will be held this afternoon.
The official action making Mr..
Benson acting city manager is to
be taken at 10 o'clock this morn
ing at continued meeting of the
council that was adjourned Wed
nesday morning after a brief pray
err in respect to the memory OF
Mrs. Nichols.
Mr.. Lane will preside at the
council session in the absence from
the city of Mayor Bruce B. Gamer
on. Other council members due to
attend are G.. S. Currin and r. S.
LeGWin. Robert Romeo, fifth men,
Der of the council, is not expected
to be present due to his absence
fro mthe city.
The acting city manager has
been city clerk and city accoun-
tant since 1888, and has been con-
nected with the city for the past
20 years. He served as cashier of
che water department and as city
tax collector prior to becoming
city clerk and city accountant.
Mr.. Benson, who was born in
1896, is married and has two
daughters and one son. He is chair
man of the. board of deacons of
the Presbyterian Church of the
Covenant and a member of the
American Legion, the Lions club
and the Free Masons.
During the council session today,
a measure to amend the taxicab
parking ordinance will come up
for adoption which will abolish the
two spaces set aside for taxicab
parking at the A.C.L. station.
Rather than reserving only two
spaces for taxis when sometimes
20 meet a train and then having
their parking spaces denied to the
public at hours other than train
time, the measure will mean that
taxis can park about the station
the same as private cars at train
time and then leave all parking
space available to others at times
when trains are not due.
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-05-12

BUYS
MURCHIS0N BLDG.

GREENSBORO, May II. - Up
In transaction involving $780,
900 the jefferson Standard Life
Insurance company today purchas-
ed the entire capital stock OF
Southeastern Realty company, OF
Greensboro, Wilmington, Raleigh,
Spencer, and Burlington.
Julian Price, jefferson Standard
president, announced that the
stock. consisting of 2,146 shares,
was purchased from Oscar w.
Burnett. Thomas c. Darst, Jr., and
associates, of Greensboro, who as
principals had acquired the secur-
tiles from members of the Cone
family, who had owned the SoSh-
eastern firm since May, 1896.
Real estate which the Jefferson
Standard acquired by its pur-
chase of the stock includes, IN
Greensboro, the nine-story South
eastern building at Jefferson
square. the building occupied by
Montaldo's at North Elm and Gas
ton streets, and several dwelling
houses; in Raleigh, the History
building occupied by Security Ma
tional bank and other offices; If
Wilmington, the 10-story Murchi'
son building occupied by Security
National Bank and other offices
in Burlington, a nine-story struc
ture occupied by Security Nation
al Bank and other offices; and II
Spencer, three-story building oc'
cupied by a drug store, the pos
office and other offices.
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-05-12

plying to telegram from White,
who asked Dewey to help break
a threatened Senate filibuster
against long-pending anti-poll
tax bill, the New York governor
said in part:
Il have always fought against
the poll tax and every other de-
vice to deprive free people of their
votes.''
White quickly telegraphed in re-
ply:
ITO say that one is against the
poll tax but refrain from advocat-
ing specific steps to abolish it is
not enouguh."
White, in asking Dewey's aid,
had spoken of the governors
strategic position" in Republican
party affairs, an obvious reference
to the fact that the New Yorker
has long lead in pledged dele
gates for the COP presidential
nomination. In his reply to Dew
Continued on Page Five; Col. 81
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-05-12
B. M. MORRISON RESIGNS
BOARD OFHEALHPC
VEHEMENT PROTEST.
Resignation Presented To
Board Members At
Monthly Meet

Dr 2 M. Morrison terminated
eoven wears of service az a mem
ber of the Consolidated Board OF
Health when he resigned yester-
dav in vehement y-otest' of the
manner in which Mayor Cameron
recently criticized the functionlng
of the department.
The resignation was presented
n hoard members at Thursdays
monthly meeting and on motion OF
Dr J. C. Wessell the letter was
tabled without action. Board mem
hers said they hoped to persuade
DR. Morrison to reconsider. How
ever DR.. Morrison stated unequiv-
ocall v last night that his resigna-
ton was effective as of May IL
and that he intended to attend no
further meetings making it imper-
ative that his successor be named
at the next meeting.
Dr.. Morrison's letter of resigna-
ion addressed 10 Addison Hew-
ett ST.. Chairman of the board
of Health and County Commission,
read in full:
"Inasmuch as l vehemently pro-
test the manner in which the May
or has rebuked the Consolidated
Board of Health, and DR.. Elliot
in particular, for what has been
termed the '1ethargy' f the
Board in performing it's duties;
and
"Inasmuch as I greatly resent
tbe fact that this issue has been
presented to the public from
biased point of view; and
"Inasmuch as it appears, and
actions indicate, that the Consoll-
dated Board of Health is destined
to become political issue; and
"Inasmuch as the unwarranted
charges against t h Consolidated
Board of Health, and its subse-
quent damaging publicity, W ere
accomplished in an unethical man
ner:
I hereby tender my resignation
as the dental member of the Con-
solidated Board of Health to be-
come effective as of this day."
The issue regarding the func-
tloning of the board grew out OF
charges by Mayor Cameron that
some tenement dwellings were I'M
fit for human habitation and had
not been properly inspected by
sanitary inspectors of the Board
Of Health. DR.. Elliot stated at that
time the Mayor had mistaken rub
Dish for unsanitary conditions, and
that in spite of being understaffed,
Continued on Page Three; Col. y
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-05-12
SUMMONED
TO SEEK B 0DIES
Former Constable Called In
Effort To Locate Three
Drowned Children

William H. Ezzell, a former con-
stable who is noted for his success
in recovering lost articles from 10.
cal waterways, has been summon.
ed by authorities IN an effort tc
locate the bodies of three children
believed to have drowned late
Wednesday afternoon, when they
fell into the intracoastal waterway
near Carolina Beach
During his eight years as con.
stable here, Ezzell supervised the
recovery of six persons from the
inland waterway. He says that the
bodies of the children will prob.
ably be found about half mile up
(south) the waterway from where
they fell into the water.
Ezzen said that he would start
operations looking to the recovery
OF the three early Friday morn
ing, and late last night issued
an appeal to all fishermen and
So!olers IN the area where the
children are believed to have per-
1shed to be on the lookout for their
bodies. He says the three bodies
Will probably be very close to.
gether.
Dragging operations will be be.
gun at low tide Friday, which will
be about a. m.
All day yesterday a diver from
the North Carolina Shipbuildins
company undertook a search foj
the bodies, but was unsuccessful
me children. Norlene, Ray, ano
Jimmy Holt, were playing on the
bank when Jimmy, aged d sud.
denly slid into the water 20 feet
below. Ray, aged S, soon fol.
Continued on Page Five: Col 2,
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-05-12
By PUGH MOORE

SOMEWHERE IN BRITAIN,
May 11-R-Gen. Dwight D. Esien-
hover unveiled today an organiza-
ton all set to march into Germany
beside the conquering troops and
rule villages, cities and the whole
Reich with a military iron hand.
Correspondents were given
look at the training center of these
military rulers, while across the
Channel the Germans disposed
their forces and continued their
endless guessing of when and
where the Allied commander
would strike.
The organization is known as the
G-5 Civil affairs) section of Gen.
Eisenhower's supreme head
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-05-12

Marching with military precision,
members of the WAC paraded
through the city last evening Of
ficially opening National WAC
Week. The parade was headed by
the land Band of the AAA> School
at Camp Davis, and lead by Capt.
Marjorie Phillips, commander Oh
the WAC Detachment AAA School,
Capt. Ruth Virden, commander Oh
the WAC Deta chment Station COM
plement and 1t. Margaret Lenzer'
WAC Recruiting officer.
Starting at Front and MarKe.
Streets the parade wound up Front
Street past the reviewing stand al
the Post Office up to Grace Street
east on Grace to Third, marching
soAh on 3rd ST. to Market and emu
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-05-12
Governmental Organization To Rule
Liberated Nations Is Disclosed

quarters, and it will function in
Germany just as AMG does in
Italy.
Besides Germany, the civil af-
fairs section is ready to operate
temporarily in France, Holland
and other occupied countries OF
western Europe, but not as a mill
tary government.
The top officer is 1t. Gen. A. E..
Grassett, Canadian-born member
of the Royal Engineers.
The ranking American is Orig.
Gen. Aulius c. Holmes, Kansan
who in peace was diplomat and
businessman, and who accompa-
MED 1t. Gen. Mark Clark on his
daring pre-invasion subn1Arine trip
to North Africa. Later he was
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-05-12

Eisenhower's chief of the military
government section.
Chief Of operations is Brig. Gen
Frank J. McSherry, Washington, D.
c., who was the first United Slater
officer to enter Naples.
Spokesman said that in friuldly
countries, a civil affairs team Of
from 10 to A officers and men
would enter village, province or
city accompanied by representa-.
tive 70 the government in exile.
In the case Of France, it will be
Gen. Charles DeGaulle's national
committee Of liberation.
Agreements for the administra.
ton of liberated Norway, Belgium
Continued on Page Five; Col.
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-05-12
STAY in SCHOOL.
YOUTH IS TOLD
JACKSONVILLE, N. C. May. Il

JACKSONVILLE, N. C. May. II.
- Urging the continuance of
education for the training of an
enlightened and educated leader
ship of youth after the war, Colo
mel Adam E. Potts, camp COM
mander of Camp Davis, nearby
antiaircraft artillery training CEN
ter, addressed the graduating class
of Jacksonville High School to-
night.
'It is of paramount impor-
tance." said Col. Potts, that we
guard against III e confusion of
youth. Hitler used this method to
win and inspire the youth of Ger
many to prosecute his sinister de-
signs on Europe and the world.
A confused group is an enslaved
group. If ever we needed clear
Continued on Page Five; Col. q
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-05-12

tiers as well as other targets. The
attackers encountered little fight
er opposition ana varying degrees
OF anti-aircraft fire.
The U. S. strategic Air Forces,
announcing the results of assaults
on II German-used railway yards
in Belgium, France, Luxembourg
and western Germany by the
Eighth Air Force, reported 16 hea-
Wy bombers and ten fighters failed
to return.
Eighteen enemy planes were shot
down in these operations, three by
gunners abroad the bombers and
Is by the escorting fighters.
Bombs were dropped in clear
weather with generally satisfac-
tory results" the communique said.
Enemy fighter opposition was
weak
In addition to the attacks by
F'ortresses and Liberators of the
Eighth Air Force, other Allied
planes-medium, light and fighter
bombers and fighters-swept back
and forth across France and the
Continued on Page Five; Col. 81
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-05-12
National WAC Week Is Opened Here
With Bio Parade In Downtown Area

ING at Water St. Members of the
reviewing stand were Ronald Lane,
mayor pro tenn, 1t. Col. Victor
Glines, representing Brig. Gen.
Rrvan l.. Milburn, commandment OF
the AAA School at Camp Davis,
Col R. S. Williams, 1t. Col. P. H.
Brewster, Camp Davis, Capt. Oil
yer {. Hobson, Bluethenthal Field,
III W. L. Hutto representing the
captain of the port OF the Coast
Guard, and 1t. Gussie Ilefner, for
mer recruiting officer in Whining
ton.l
After the parade, program was
presented by the WAC at the
Bailey Theatre opened by Lane,
who proclaimed the beginning Of
National WAC Week. 1t. Hefner
r.
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-05-12

held an interview with Sgt. Nell
McCaslin of Chicago whom she de-
scribed as IAN average American
girl who had found her place in
the, Wac. Sgt. McCaslin told of
how she enjoyed life in the WAC,
and her job in the payment de-
partment of the Finance Office,
adding that there was always
enough recreation in the WAC. "A
dance every night, if you can take
it. - she said.
1t. Victor Glines addressed the
audience urging the women pre-
sent to fill the many interesting
vacancies in the WAC. He praised
the work of the WAC, stating that
Continued on Page Seven; Col. II
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-05-12
MEN 80 and OVER
Necessary" Men Between
1873 Provided Civil
liam Status
FOR THE TIME BEING
Program Revised By Direc-
tor; Farmers Not AZ
fected By Order
FOR THE TIME BEING

WASHINGTON, May II. - (R) -
A blanket draft deferment for IAN
indefinite period was ordered To-
night for all men 80 and over in
essential industry, and necessary,
men OF rs through 2s were prom.
lsed civilian status for the time
being"
Maj. Gen. Lewis B. Hershev.
selectlve service director, told a
news conference he hoped for the
time being would mean SIX
months or longer, he said.
A more definite prediction can.
not be made, Hershey said, be.
cause the trend of casualties and
strategic Developments canno: be
forecast. 1t appeared likely. how.
ever, that men over 20 will not be
called this year, and possibly not
to1 the durat ton.
Hershey instructed local draft
boards to review Immediately the
cases OF men in both age groups
Who have been classified Ia. and
to grant occupation deferments in
line with the broad new policy.
Agricultural workers are not af-
fected by today's revisions be-
Cause farm deferments are fixed
specifically by law and other
rules govern their draft status.
Agriculture is on the essential list.
however.
Hershey asserted employers
should appeal any contrary deci-
sion made by a local board.
II board cannot meet its month.
~ draft calls without dipping into
the necessary men of 1928 or in
to the 3O-and- up group in essential
industry, Hershey declared: THE
board should let the calls ride"
I'VE believe there are entirely
adequate resources of manpower in
the 1925 group and among older
men not in essential lines of work"
he explained. eff one board has to
pass up its call, other boards will
have enough people,
Men through 81 previously have
been eligible for occupational de-
ferment only if they were "neces-
sary' or key" men. This yard
stick still applies to men 26 through
~, but even an unskilled worker
in an essential activity now may
be deferred.
Hershey explained the policy
is subject to adjustment as war
needs change, and emphasized that
local boards still have power to
take man, even in an essential
industry, "if the board believes he
is not making the best use of his
efforts in the war
The new action automatically
dissolves the temporary stay of
inductions of men over 26 in war;
supporting industries, Hershey
said, SO that boards may resume
the induction of men not covered
by the new standards.
Local draft boards in determine
ing eligibility for deferments will
be guided by selective services
basic list of IS essential activities,
but they may enlarge the list at
their discretion.
There will be no easing Of the
rigid requirements now in effect for
occupational deferments for regis
trants 10 through Is.
The attention now centered on
the 10 through Is groups will be
removed to the 26 through 20 reg
istrants when they are needed by
the armed forces and the supply OF
Continued on Page Three; Col. 81
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-05-12
Direct Expenditures
For War On Increase

WASHINGTON, May /. -(P)-
The war to date has cost this coun.
try, in direct expenditures, abou
S178, 500, 900, 900.
This amount covers spending fol
war activities since July /, 1910.
Last month war spending averag.
ed 1924, 100000 a day. For the first
eight business days Of May, the
rate was $4,000, 900 a day.
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-05-12
Big Bomber Crashes;
Explosion Rocks CITY

LONDON, May II. - R - An
American bomber whose crew had
bailed out crashed in the streets
of Chichester today with an ex-
plosion that injured a score of
persons seriously and shook the
entire city.
The plane struck school whose
children had just left, one engine
smashing through the wall.
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-05-12
American Casualties
Pass 100000 Mark;
27,297 Now Dead

WASHINGTON, May IL R -
American war casualties passed
the 200, OO0-mark this week as the
addition of 3,613 names brought
the total since the war began to
201,454.
The additions compared with S.
005 casualties recorded in the pre-
vious week.
The new figures added 722 to
the army's list of dead, raising
it to 27,297, and 229 to the navy's
bringing it to 1921.
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-05-12
YESTERDAYS RESULTS
National League

National League
Brooklyn 2 st. Louis l.
Boston 7; Pittsburgh 2.
Chicago S; Philadelphia 3.
Cincinnati 4; New York 3.
American League
New York S; Detroit 2.
Cleveland 7; Boston 6.
Chicago 4; Philadelphia 2.
Washington 4; st. Louis 2.
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-05-12
Opposition To Poll Tax
Is Voiced By Gov. Dewey

WASHINGTON, May 11-NF9-Gov. Thomas E. Dew
ey of New York voiced his opposition to poll taxes today
but Walter White secretary of the National Association
for the Advancement of Coored People, promptly declared
the Republican governors statement "is enough
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-05-12

NORTH CAROLINA: PARTLY c,o,ar ns
continued warm today.
Temperatures yesterday:
High: 78-Low: g..
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-05-12

CONTINUED on Page Five; Col. 81