davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1944-03-23
Maj. George Fielding Eliot

that the Mariana Islands, central sec
tor in Japan's inner defensive belt, are
within reach of our long striking arm.
Guam, with it's 225 square miles of area,
is particularly attractive speculative
target for a coming blow, though
whether or not this blow can be the
next one Is a question.
Wherever it may fall, it does seem
to be coming. The Pacific atmosphere
is electrically charged with expectancy.
The interval since the last big smash
to the westward has not, of course,
been wasted; not a second of it. Our
air power has been Systematically re-
ducing the fighting capacity of the iso-
lated Japanese island garrisons Our
supply services have been hard at work
building up the great depots of stores
needed for the next move, replenish-
ing expended ammunition, bringing
forward fresh men. The indefatigable
SeabeeS, the very backbone of our mo-
bile fighting power, have been building
air strips, docks, barracks, storehouses,
roads and doing everything else needful
to convert coral atolls into bases for the
greatest amphibious armada the world
has ever seen. Some of the warships
have been back to Pearl Harbor for
necessary repairs; destroyers and sub
marines have been taking turns in 60
ing alongside their depot ships to take
on supplies, ammunition torpedoes and
fuel, and to carry out minor repair pro-
grams; still other ships have been car
ry1ng out special training programs. 1t
is all in preparation for the next move.
But as we wait impatiently for the
news, we should realize how much effort
it takes to carry on this war in the far
reaches OF the vast Pacific. Every shell
that is fired, every bomb that is dropped,
every torpedo that is launched against
the enemy has to be manufactured in
the United States, carried on a railroad
train to Pacific seaport, put aboard a
supply ship, brought out to an island
depot, and from thence transferred to
the fighting unit which is to use it. The
islands of the Pacific produce none of
these things themselves, nor do they
produce spare parts, or gasoline, or lu-
bricating oil, or fuel of any kind, or
building material or anything else (save
perhaps limited quantities of some sorts
of food which a huge American fight
ing force needs in such enormous guam
titles. All this has to be brought out
Evening star., 1944-03-23
Constantine BrOtVn

The Secretary of State may havs
aimed these lofty ideals at the nations
which are now under the Nazi yoke.
But he speaks in the name of the
American Government which represents
the American people and his beliefs will
reach every corner Of the world
AT present Finland, one of the small
est nations in Europe, is fighting a
suicidal battle against Russia for the
sole purpose of defending her freedom.
The United States Government has
friendly relations with that northern
democracy and the words of Mr.. Hull
are bound to reach the Finnish people.
Only week ago President Roosevelt,
who Is in full possession of all the facts
concerning Finland, urged the Helsinki
government to detach itself from the
Nazis and accept Russian peace terms.
The Firms rejected those terms because
they are convinced that even by sacri-
f1cing sections Of the republics territory
they are not certain of maintaining
their sovereignty.
Mr.. Hulls words will be hailed in Fin
land because the Firms fulfill all the
requirements he set forth in his expose
of Americas political objectives under
the heading Liberty"
Whether Mr.. Hull consulted the Brit
ish and Russian governments before re-
leasing his political philosophy to the
public is not known. If he did, which
seems somewhat doubtful, his views,
while not binding to the other Allies.
have certain international political
weight. But If London and Moscow have
been as ignorant of his action as we
have been of many of theirs, we may
soon hear the usual unofficial comments
from both capitals.
Evening star., 1944-03-23

the party. He Is not seeking merely his
own aggrandizement
Mr.. Willkie, in the opinion of this
writer, has already done much for the
Republican party, but whether the Re-
publican party likes to be prodded is
another thing. Certainly this prodding
has not endeared him to many Of the
organization leaders. His appeal now
is to the rank and file of the Republi-
cans and Independents, over the heads
OF the politicians. If he is to win the
presidential nomination, he must show
conclusively his voting strength, and
that is what he is seeking to do here in
Wisconsin
The crowds which have turned out to
hear Mr.. Willkie have been good, when
the fact that the people are engrossed
in the war and with rationing, price
control and taxes is considered They
have listened to him with respect and
attention. But there has been no wild
response, no cheering and throwing of
hats in the air. His appeal has been
reasoned rather than emotional. This
may account for lack of enthusiasm. Or
it may be that many of the people who
have come to see and hear him are
there out of curiosity, while they really
prefer some other nominee.
X
One thing is noticeable in these
crowds, and it may be significant in the
national political campaign this year.
The people are for the most part old or
over military age, or very young. The
great mass Of men and women in the
20S and 30S are in the armed forces or in
war plants. and that is the group which
usually tears the roof of at political
rallies.
President Roosevelt, since 1892, has
changed the Democratic party until
Evening star., 1944-03-23
lnterlude

The March 10ind plays capricious inter-
ludeS
As 1rlnter'S long dnddnte dies a10au.
With futed notes, tender theme in
trudeS
SOFT as the loUely aridS of Mau
But scarcely can the listening ear re-
jOice
Before again the stormy trumpets
blO1D
And 1cinHy RACES dropn the sweeter
DOice,
As early fo1OerS are often choked NTH
Listen. The fttM music in the trees
MlngleS the GgeleSS themes OF death
and birth
The old goes out Nth mailing eleQies,
But songs OF spring that GLADDEN.
heaDen and earth
Bid the heart turn from mourntM By
gone things
To sun and folOerS and bright, impds-
stoned ,Dtngs.
INEZ BARCLAY KIRBY.
Evening star., 1944-03-23

from the United States, across $500
miles of sea (the steaming distance
from San Francisco to our advance
base at Eniwetok). That means, at
normal convoy speeds, 375-400 hours of
steaming, or say to weeks, allowing
for at least one stop en- route. And
this is only one small part of the i'm
mense task of building up secure and
adequate and mobile base and supply
system for our great fighting force and
literally carrying that system forward
with us from island to island all the
way across the widest ocean in the
world
So don't be impatient If 1t seems a
long time between innings in this vast
game of Pacific warfare Look at the
score-board instead: We're coming from
behind, we've got a heavy handicap to
overcome, but we're chalking up the
runs now, snd our side is coming TO
bat again,
Evening star., 1944-03-23
GOHld Lincoln

some Of its older members do not recoc-
nize 1t. He has done it, however, since
he entered the White House. Mr.. Willkie.
on the oher hand, Is trying to change
the Republican party before he gets into
control of the Government He Is
preaching constantly the cause of inter-
national collaboration and of human
values" Both are sound causes. But
they have been preached also by Mr..
Roosevelt, who called them human
rights" as opposed to property rights"
MIR. Willkie has adopted human values
His difference with Mr.. Roosevelt in his
support Of social advantages lies in the
fact that he insists the Roosevelt way is
to have paternal government do the
job. Carried to its ultimate conclusion.
Mr.. Willkie, has said, the Roosevelt way
will mean absolute Government control
OF the American people-and no private
initiative and freedom.
In Wisconsin, where Mr.. Willkie Is
seeking the backing Of its "a delegates
to the Republican National Convention,
his real fight is against Gov. Thomas
Dewey of New York. What In effect he
tells the Republicans is Nominate Dewey
and die; nominate me and live" Dewey
against Roosevelt will lose, he says. Gen.
Macarthur and former Gov. Stassen of
Minnesota are the other candidates in
the Wisconsin race Mr.. WILKES real
opponent however, Is Gov Dewey.
Mr.. Willkie has never yet said cata-
gorically he will support the nominee
OF the convention. 1t may be he will
consider the price too high to pay for his
franchise In the Republican party. This
does not mean, however, he will start
third party, or jump to the Democratic
party. He might just remain quiet.
Evening star., 1944-03-23

ilent in 1910. What he is striving to-
day to do is to pay his debt to the party
by leading 1t on paths of virtue. These
paths look to close cooperation with
the rest of the world to keep the peace
in the future and to the recognition of
human values" If the Republican
party is to win, he has said, it must re-
form and follow these paths. 1t is that
or die.
This places Mr.. Willkie squarely in
the role of a reformer Instead of
stressing to the utmost the old argu-
ment OF political battle, Throw the
rascals out" Mr.. Willkie is telling the
Republicans they must show themselves
worthy if they are to be victorious-and
that if they do not, they will not be
entitled to win. This is the service, he
has said, which he is seeking to do for
Evening star., 1944-03-23

OF the document is its hardness. Had
President Roosevelt or Mr.. Hull pre-
sented these II points either at Moscow
or Teheran and had they obtained the
approval of the Russian and British
governments there is no question that
this would have been an invaluable con-
tribution to the solution of the political
problems threatening the unity of the
United Nations.
AS it is, Mr.. Hull's declaration is a
unilateral expression by the United
States which does not have the indorse-
ment so far as is known. of either Mos
COW or London.
Under the circumstances, it is hard to
conceive that it will affect to an appre-
ciable extent the difficulties which the
big three are now encountering in the
political field. 1t might be taken as an
Evening star., 1944-03-23
Our Submarine Losses

The loss of another American
submarine-the fourth announced
in a period Of eight days-adds
emphasis to Admiral Kings recent
statement on the improvement of
japanese defenses against our
undersea raiders. At the same time,
however, it reflects the ever
increasing activity of those raiders.
Since the start of the war, % of
them have been Sunk-three by &C
cident and 20 in combat: most
Of them presumably going down in
the Pacific. AS against this, they
have taken a toll of 492 japanese
vessels definitely sunk. 36 more
probably sunk and ia damaged,
score in which every Navy man who
wears a dolphin on his breast may
take special pride, knowing that he
IS hitting the TOTO war machine in
one Of the places where it hurts
most. In the face of such attrition-
particularly deadly because Hiro-
hito'S empire is SO heavily dependent
on shipping-the enemy is unques
tionably making every effort to
apply the strongest possible counter
measures, so that some increase in
our own losses must be expected.
But as Secretary Knox has pointed
out. our gallant submarine crews,
who do their work quietly with a
minimum of. fanfare or publicity,
can be counted upon to keep steadily
improving their own techniques
along with expanding their numbers
and stepping up the frequency of
their attacks. Numerically, As indi-
Gated In recent days. the rate of
Evening star., 1944-03-23
Forgotten Bottulions
From the Newton Kansan.


Every concession that has been made
to organized workers in their fights for
higher wages, and every rise in the cost
of living has been a defeat for about
100000 men and women engaged in
the arts and sciences, teachers, preach
ers, in Offices, small industries and
stores, who constitute the forgotten
battalions" Of the Nations white-collar
army Of final and last-ditch defense.
That does not have a pleasant sound,
but that is the way 1t is. This unsung
branch of the United States home front
wears no uniform, wears no badge, gets
no overtime and makes no headlines,
but it would be impossible to win this
war or any war without 1t. Caught
between the grinding stones of soaring
living costs and fixed earnings. these
soldiers are battling quietly, to date,
without much complaint but a bit
grimly, trying to hold their sector in
the fight for freedom
Evening star., 1944-03-23
This Changing World

smplifcation of the Atlantic Charter.
But observers VINO have been discussing
principles of the Charter with Our policy
trainers see no change in the general
situation
The American government has never
repudiated the charter. But it has often
taken realistic view when discussing
questions such as the future of Poland,
admitting that we neither could nor
would fight Russia If she decided to
incorporate with the u S. S. r. the ter
ritories within her periphery.
Mr.. Hull and his associates who helped
draft the 17-point plan discard the
fundamental theory that war is an in
strument of policy and not policy in
itself when they maintain in the pre-
amble that at the present time, the
paramount aim of our foreign policy is
to defeat our enemies as quickly as
possible"
There can be no such foreign policy.
This is the business of the military men.
They are planning the defeat of the
enemy and are looking to our diplomats
to employ their skill so that those who
win military victory will not be de-
prived of their fruits by inadequate dip
d. lomatic preparation.
Mr.. Hull makes q strong statement
which may have important political re-
percussions when he declares that
There is no surer way for men and for
nations to show themselves worthy of
liberty than to fight for its preservation
in any way that is open to them, against
those who would destroy it for ALL Never
did palmer duty to fight against its
foes devolve upon all people who prize
liberty and who all aspire to it,
Evening star., 1944-03-23

internal affairs as
she pleases.
But Pre- 81 d e n t
Farrell of Argen-
tina is a Fascist,
and he has usurped
power, as FaScists
do, for the express,
purpose of interfer-
ing with the free
dom of Argentina
to manage her in
ternal affairs as she
pleaSeS.
.(The last thing in
the world that Pres
ident Farrell wants
Evening star., 1944-03-23
FinIund's Choice

Aiidllu IeJeCJlOn OF Lne Russian
armistice terms and the tone of the
Soviet reply combine to diminish
the hope that the Finnish people
might somehow escape the full fury
of this war. The Soviet statement,
after reviewing the fruitlesS nego-
tiations with Finland, concluded
with the observation that the
Finnish government has taken
upon itself full responsibility for
what will follow" Presumably, that
language means that Russia now in
tends to use its enormous power to
crush Finland, and since it can
scarcely be doubted that the Soviets
have the military means of doing
this, one naturally wonders why the
Firms made what for them may
prove to be such a painful choice.
1t is reasonable to believe that the
prime consideration in the Finnish
decision was a profound distrust of
Russia. On their face, the armistice
terms proposed by Moscow were
regarded in this country and in
Britain as being surprisingly lenient.
Apparently. however, the Finnish
government was skeptical of the
meaning of these terms, and re-
garded them as a preliminary move
designed to weaken Finland to such
an extent that she would have to
accept whatever permanent peace
terms Russia might eventually see
fit to impose. On the basis of this
suspicion, plus the Russian refusal
to discuss the armiStice as distin-
guished from the peace terms. the
proposals were rejected. In effect,
Finland has said that she would
rather continue the fight than stake
her future on the good faith of the
Russian government.
The Soviets. in their turn. may be
expected to resent the implications
of Finland's attitude. They have no
sympathy with the contention that
Finland has been fighting a sort of
war within war. intended only to
safeguard her independence. AS
Moscow sees it. Finland has been an
active and willing military ally of
the Germans. In the Russian view,
Finland's role in the war has been an
opportunistic one-an endeavor to
capitalize on what, in 1941, was re-
garded as the irresistible might of
the German Army, with the hope of
regaining all of the territory lost
In the Russo-Finnish War, and then
some. Furthermore. now that all
hope of German victory Is gone,
the Soviets presumably do not feel
that Finland is in any position to
bargain and to say what she will
not accept In the way of armistice
terms.
There is little to be gained from
speculation as to the results likely
to flow from this impaSse The
Firms are a clear minded people,
and they must realize the hopeless
ness of their military situation. If
convinced that Russia Is not going
to modify the armistice terms. the
Finnish government may yet accept
them. But If this is not to be the
case-if Finland elects to go down
f1ghting-it is to be hoped that there
are no illusions In Helsinki with re-
gard either to the intent or the abil-
ity Of the United States and Britain
to shield the Firms from what will
be the harsh ultimate consequences
Of that choice There Is a very
genuine sympathy in the United
States for Finland, but there are
also hard realities of war which
cannot be ignored.
Evening star., 1944-03-23

is to let Argentina manage her in
ternal affairs as she pleases That is
why he heads a movement which sup
presses newspapers, dismisses pro-
democratic college professors. jails
liberals and manufactures presidents
without the formality of electionsD
So now we get into the wonderful
metaphysical question of whether, in
interfering with a man who is obvious
ly interfering with the freedom of
Evening star., 1944-03-23

Washington an d
have returned to
their posts. Such a
prolonged absence
from his theater of
a commander in
chief is to be justi-
fed only on the
ground of a ma jor
change in plans. In
this case, such a
change seems likely
to be an accelera =
ton of our offensive
time table, as a re-
suit of the remark
a b lie ACCOMPLISH
Evening star., 1944-03-23
Up to EIeunor?

From the Lawrence Journal-World.
Washington writers are speculating on.
Henry Wallaces chances of being nomi-
mated for Vice President. Apparently
nobody has thought to find out whether
Mrs. Roosevelt wants him on the ticket.
She persuaded an unwilling convention
to put him there in 1910.
Evening star., 1944-03-23

their losses may rise slightly. pro-
portionately, though. in relation to
the accelerated activity. there may
be no increase whatever. Which is
something that must depress the
japanese very much, since the out
look for their shipping clearly seems
to be one of more and more sinkings.
not only numerically but proper
tionately as we'll.
Evening star., 1944-03-23
Fears "Traitor Contractors"

val y NLoIltI
To the Editor Of The Star:
Congress could abolish the thoroughly
discredited cost-plus systems and other
unethlcal trade practices now employed
to cheat the Government in connection
with construction contracts by simply
enacting H. r. 1852. recently intro
duced by Representative Thad F. Wa
sielewski of Wisconsin.
His. carefully worked out, most timely
proposal practically would eliminate dis
honest contractors. 1t would save the
Government much priceless time and
many millions of dollars annually, dur
ing the war and after victory is
achieved.
Crooked, disloyal constructors still are
brazenly robbing the Government right
and left in spite of the dire threats
made against them by prominent Con-
gressmen and the startling exposures
of their skulduggery published almost
daily by the leading newspapers of the
country.
1t is indeed high time for the men,
bers of both houses to get together
and pass law designed to bring about
the badly needed reforms promised bv
II. r. 1852. The aitor-contractors ac-
tually will bankrupt this country and
bring about our defeat by Japan and
Germany unless they are exterminated
without delay. RHEA SCOTT.
Tells Reason for Candidacv,
To the Editor of The Star;
In seeking the COP nomination
for United States Senator, am not IN
tereSted in proving whether or not
Mayor McKeldin and Galen TAFT really
are the leaders of the party in Mary
land-Which seems TO be the chief, if
not the only, concern of Messrs Rob-
ertSon and Randall
When I announced my candidacy last
fall, l did SO in the belief that if
nominated I could help put MARYLAND
IN the Republican column in Noyem-
ber
Our next President will need a ma
Jorlty in the Senate and House of Rep
reSentatlVes. 1t is my purpose TO help
him get that majority, as it is all too
plain, already, that a President without
the support of Congress Is bad for The
country. RIVES MATTHEWS.
Evening star., 1944-03-23

this crucial moment
has no fixed foreign
policy, Secretary of
State Hull released
on Tuesday night a
d o c u nj e II t setting
forth the principles
of Americas aims in
foreign affairs.
The II poin t s
brought forth by our
distinguished Secre-
tary of State embody
most of the ideals
for which this coun-
try is fighting. The
principal drawback
Evening star., 1944-03-23

W / S h to oppos e
Franklin D. Roose-
velt for the presi-
dency next Novem-
ber. 1t is a battle
within a battle and
the burden of his
present attack is
against a other Re-
publican possibilities
for the nomination.
T h e Republican
party, Mr.. Willkie
has told his audi
ences, did him great
honor when it NOM
mated him for Pres
Evening star., 1944-03-23
The Political Mill

KENOSHA. Wis.-Wendell L. Willkie,
crusader, is on the march across Wis
consin. His immediate battle is to con-
Evening star., 1944-03-23
I'd Rather Be RIGHT

Mr.. Sumner Welles is upset because
he thinks that, by opposing President
Farrell, we are interfering with the
freedom of Argentina to manage her
Evening star., 1944-03-23
Pacific Moves

The time seems ripe for another
American blow in the Pacific.
Admiral Nimitz and some of his prin-
cipal subordinates have recently been in
Evening star., 1944-03-23

Spurred by increasing criticism from
Congress and the newspapers and by
mounting uneasiness among the public
over the theory that the United States at
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-11-19
GERMANS ABANDON
ALBANIAN CAPITAL

LONDON, Nov. 1e-tR-German
troops have abandoned Tirana, Al
bantam capital across the Adriatic
sea from the heel Of Italy, after a
fierce street battle with Partisan
units which temporarily encircled
the Axis garrison, the Nazi news
agency DNB announced tonight.
A Yugoslav communique broad
cast by Marshal Tito's headquar-
tiers said the battle inside the CAPT.
tai lasted several days.
DNB referred to German rear
guards" which were said to have
broken out Of an enlightenment,
fleeing northward along the road
to Scutari. Both the Berlin and
Yugoslav versions of the Albanian
front said the Germans still held
the port Of Durazzo, 20 miles west
OF Tiarana; Scutari, IS miles on
the north, and Kukes, SO miles to
the northeast.
The German retreat from Tirana
is being harried constantly by the
partisan National Army of Liber-
ation,'s the Yugoslav commune
que said.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-11-19

sleeping sickness and the scourse
Of man and beast alike in many
parts OF Africa, has long made it
seem practically impossible to
promote dairy projects there. But
missionaries in Metet, in the Cam.
eroons, report going dairy prof.
ect as part of their agricultural
program this year. Many precau-
tons have to be taken and hypo-
dermlc injections have to be given
regularly to keep the cows living
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-11-19

and healthy. But the effort is not
too much, they say, when they see
the two dozen untainted children
Of leper parents and the nursery
orphans thriving on fresh milk,
and when the missionary can see
his own folk supplied with fresh
milk, cottage cheese and untinned
butter for the first time in all
their years in Africa, while the
African learns the use and benefit
Of those essentials.