davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1944-01-23
British Coal Miners
GET Raise in Paw
National Tribunal Sets
Rote for 100000

BY the Associated Press.
LONDON, Jan. pa national
minimum weekly wage for Britains
100000 coal miners-s20 for expe-
rienced underground workers and
$l8 for surface workers-was an
nounced tonight by the National
Tribunal for Industry.
Whether the new scale, which Is
effective Immediately, would quiet
the unrest in the industry with the
worst strike record in Britain re-
manned to be seen.
1t marks an increase of up to
S3.4O over the old minimum set in
1912, but falls below the demands
of the Miners Federation for mini
NUNS of $24 for the men in the pits
and s22 for those doing surface
work.
The first comment came from
Will LaWther, president of the
Miners Federation, who said:
The Federation is bound to ac-
cept the decision. Whether we
agree with the findings is another
matter"
The new scale makes special pro-
visions for trainees-youths drafted
for the mines under the labor con-
scription laW-and awards double
rates for weekend work and
bonuses for overtime.
Evening star., 1944-01-23
Clark Delighted With Progress
Casualties in Landings Light
Operation Like Military Exercise
Against Small Enemy Detochments

One officer newly returned from
the beaches described the operation
as like a military exercise in Cali
fornia."
Some opposition had been ex-
pected; there was almost none
There was no opposition from
coastal batteries.
American troops landed without
trouble. Not even the slender
coastal garrison seemed to be in
position, and among the early
prisoners taken were four drunken
Germans.
British troops on landing had to
contend with mines and wire which
caused few casualties.
Immediately on getting ashore,
Allied forces started inland, meeting
only small detachments of the
enemy.
Occasionally long-range enemy
guns fired, but with little effect.
Success of the bold plan had ex-
ceeded even the expectations of high
Allied officers who planned it.
Evening star., 1944-01-23
President Names Special Board
To Rescue European Refuqees

restricted authority to develop plans
and inaugurate effective measures
for (a) the rescue, transportation.
maintenance and relief of the VIC
Tins of enemy oppression, and (b)
the establishment of havens of tenn
porary refuge for such victims"
A white House statement accom-
panying the order said the Presi-
dent stressed that it was urgent
that action be taken at once to fore
stall the plan of the Nazis to ex-
terminate all the Jews and other
prosecuted minorities 0 Europe. -
There was, however, nothing to in
dicate the manner in which the
problem may be attacked.
The board was directed to seek
the cooperation of foreign govern
ments in carrying out the program,
while the State, War and Treasury
Departments were named speci-
(See REFUGEES, Page A-5.)
Evening star., 1944-01-23
.WPB Recommends
Halt in Expansion
OF Seven Steel Plants
Action Is Second Step
To Reduce Production
Of Surplus Material
By JAMES Y. NEWTON.

The War Production Board
yesterday recommended to the
Defense Plant Corp. termination
of work on seven additional steel
plant expansion projects costing
S97 100000, because the steel to
be produced in the plants is not
needed in the war program.
Some of the mills are nearly
completed.
The action was the second step
to reduce steel-producing facilities
and follows closely the WPB move
to cut down the output of alum
mum. The agency's Steel Division
previously recommended abandon.
ment of five projects to save man.
power and prevent unnecessary
Government expenditures for un-
needed steel capacity.
WPB Vice Chairman Charles E
Wilson, meanwhile, told an industry
group that the date for resumption
of production of mechanical re-
Ifrigerators and similar heavy civil
ian goods cannot be determined now
Mr.. Wilson said materials are
available, but labor cannot be as
signed to turn these materials into
refrigerators" He said labor al
ready Is scarce in some areas, and
within the next six months many
men will be drafted from industry
Must Remain Flexible.
Our Army and Navy face what
is probably the most perilous un-
dertaking in military history" Mr.
Wilson told the Refrigerator In
dustry Advisory Committee. IN
dustry must be kept flexible, so that
| it will be able to meet the require
mentS for increased war production
that may result from impending
military operations.
The steel divisions recommends.
tion to Defense Plant Corp. is an
other indication of the easing OF
military requirements for steel.
surplus already exists, estimated by
some officials at more than 1000 ,OOC
tons, The metal was on the "criti-
cal" list as recently as six months
ago when WPB opened an industry
wide drive for greater output.
officials would make no estimate
of the savings to be accomplished
if the Defense Plant Corp. halts
work on the projects. Numerous
contractors and slbcontractors are
involved, and details of the cancella.
tions will be the subject of long con.
ferences, WPB said.
All the projects which the WIPE
recommended for cancellation were
designed originally to increase tn.
supplies of alloy and high quality
carbon steel.
The Republic Steel Corp. electric
furnace plant at South Chicago
(See STEEL Page A-140
Evening star., 1944-01-23
BY HAIG NICHOLSON,

Representing the Combined Allied Pres
Distributed by the Associated Press)
WITH THE 5th ARMY IN ITALY
Jan. 22-Gen. Mark Clark today
made a dawn to dusk visit to the
new 5th Army landing areas south
Of Rome, where he saw American
and British forces pressing forward
against a sofar almost invisible
enemy.
On returning from there, Ger.
Clark smilingly told me he was
delighted with progress being made
The position tonight is that the
landing forces, which include Ameri-
can Rangers and British Comman-
dos, are steadily progressing inland
to their first objectives.
Allied and naval military losses
and casualties have been unbeliev-
ably light considering the size of the
forces employed. Casualties among
troops were caused principally b,
mines.
Evening star., 1944-01-23
Royburn Tells Party Leaders
COP Can't Defeat Roosevelt
Wallace Insists New Deal Isn't Dead;
Dinner Marked by Presidents Absence

Speaker Rayburn predicted at
last nights Jackson Day dinner
the people of America would
never turn their backs on the
leadership of Franklin D. Roose-
welt and elect a Republican
President next November.
Twelve hundred Democrats also
heard Vice President Wallace de-
clare, with equal vehemence, that
"the New Deal is not dead. If it
were dead, the Democratic party
would be dead, and we'll dead"
In that statement, the Vice Presi-
dent clashed violently with some
members Of his party who have an
nounced the demise of the New
Evening star., 1944-01-23
NOTICE TO ADVERTISERS
AND READERS

The Star regrets the necessity of limiting the
OF display advertising to be used by all its customers during
each month of the first quarter of 1914 to Is of
amount used by them in the month during the first
quarter of 1943.
This further reduction is made necessary by the
order of the War Production Board drastcay limiting
amount OF paper that be used by all metropolitan
papers of the United States
The Star appreciates the friendly operation
advertisers in making previous reductions in .her Of
space The Stars problem is to meet 18
increase in circulation during the past with about
Il per cent less paper AS The Stars circulation always has
been confined almost entirely to the Washington trading
for distribution the afternoon Sunday morning
there opportunity to by eliminating advertising
from advance editions curang circulation
Many economies in the of have been effected
to comply in letter and spirit with restricting
paper and at the time to preserve possible
The Stars full of the readers
and advertisers
Evening star., 1944-01-23
Custom Seizures Rise:
More Thon 500 Liquor

By the Associated Press.
Treasury officials said yesterday
seizures for violations of custom
regulations increased somewhat
in 1943 over 1912, with liquor &C.
counting for more than half of the
seizures, but with no evidence that
m-running such as marked the
prohibition era had been resumed
They said most of the liquor
seizures involved from one to sew.
eral bottles rather than. large ship
ments.
Evening star., 1944-01-23
BY the Associated Press

by tne Associated freSS.
The Army and Navy Register said
yesterday that there are "rumors
that American snipers in the jungle
war, wearing camoufage suits, are
"summarily executed as spies" when
caught by the Japanese.
The unofficial service publication
said that raises question of def
milton under international law. The
Register quoted international law
as saying that a person can be con-
sidered a spy only when acting
clandestinely or on false pretenses
he obtains or endeavors to obtain
information and that thus soldiers
not wearing disguise" are not
spies.
The Register then said the jungle
fighter, in his camouflage suit, I'm
tends not to look like a soldier, but
rather like an inamimate quantity
of green leaves"
Evening star., 1944-01-23

Deal. He appeared also 20 be hold
ing aloft the New Deal as a slogan
for the coming national political
campaign, though President Roose-
welt has suggested that it was out
moded" and win the war" was
more appropriate.
The dinner, unlike Jackson Day
dinners of the past, was without
either Mr.. Roosevelt's presence or a
radio speech from him. The bur-
den of carrying the Democratic
torch was left to the Vice President
and Mr.. Rayburn. The huge dining
hall of the MayhoWer Hotel was
filled with great and the near great
in the Democratic party, many of
(See DINNER page Az
Evening star., 1944-01-23
Henry Ford II Elected
Vice President of Firm

BY the Associated Press.
DETROIT, Jan. 22.-The election
of Henry Ford II as vice president
OF the Ford Motor Co. was an.
nounced at the company offices here
today.
The announcement said Mr.. Ford
26, already a member of the Boare
OF Directors, will devote consider.
able attention to the development
of the distribution and sales de.
partment
Evening star., 1944-01-23
Mogdeburg Burning as
Allies Again Hit Berlin
And Rocket Coust'
SPAATZ PREDICTS NAZI AIR
FORCE Will Be Knocked Out
1hlS summer. Page A-3
By the Associated Press.


BY the Associated Press.
LONDON, Jan. 22.-The CEN
tral German industrial city of
Magdeburg was ablaze tonight
after a terrific hammering by the
RAF which brought to a climax
a mighty 26-hour~ aerial battle
involving perhaps 5000 Allied
planes.
Large sections of the city, a rail
junction harboring wide variety of
war industries, were left in flames
by a deluge of more than 1000 long
tons of explosives and incendiaries
dropped with saturating effect in
"a minutes by planes which flew
more than 500 miles to reach their
targets.
The assault brought to at least
$500 tons the total weight of bombs
hurled on Europe by Allied air
armadas in two nights and a day.
An RAF assault on Berlin Thurs
day night and an American heavy
bomber pounding of the rocket
gun coast" of France Friday were
the other principal raids.
Berlin Blasted Again.
While the Raj was pulverizing
Magdeburg, capital of the Prussian
province of Saxony lying on the
left bank of the Elbe 83 miles
southwest Of Berlin, smaller fleets
of four -engined Lancasters and
plywood Mosquitoes again visited
bomb-scarred Berlin, and the Ger
mans unwrapped a new type of
night raider to make their heaviest
assault in year against London.
t The widespread night operations
cost the British So bombers, one OF
the heaviest losses suffered by the
Raj, although a total of around
1000 planes were believed to have
been involved, so that the losses
were probably were kept down te
5 per cent.
In an effort puny by comparison
Hitler sent 80 planes against Britain
in two waves, but only 80 reached
London and at least 10 were shot
down by British night fighters ane
ground defenses. They dropped 81
tons of bombs on Britain.
A German military spokesman
quoted by the Berlin radio said thai
the planes used by the German.
were of a type so far unknown tt
the enemy" He added that moth.
ing further can be said for the time
Evening star., 1944-01-23
Nazis Get Vital Goods
lin Franco Debt Deal,
u. 5. Officials Hear
Reich to Receive
400, 900, 900 Pesetos
For Buying in Spain
BY BLAIR BOLLES.

The American Government
has learned from Madrid that
the Nazis and Gen. Francisco
Franco have agreed to a partial
settlement of Spain's civil war
debt to Germany in a way that
marks a setback for the United
States and its Allies in their eco
nomic battle against the Axis.
Through the settlement the Axis
obtains approximately 100000
600 Spanish pesetas to use for
purchase of strategic materials
in Spain.
The settlement, in effect, cuts
Spain's debt to l00000.000 reichs-
marks. 1t is understood that sum.
translated into pesetas at the rate
OF four pesetas to the mark, is to
be used by the Germans for buy
ing Spanish raw materials. Spain
then agrees to put the 100000
pesetas at Germanys disposal to
buy goods which the United States
and Great Britain have been sue
cessful in keeping the Nazis from
getting wolfram, mercury, pyrites
and oranges. The debt was incurred
during the Spanish civil war.
For Spain, SO far as the fiscal
transaction goes it is a case of pull
ing the 400,O0O,O0O pesetas out of
one pocket and putting them bacs
into the other, but the deal is emf
nently worthwhile to Germany be-
cause it means possession of the
all-important buying power now.
Spain has refused to sell to Ger
many on credit basis and the
United Nations have been fortunate
in possessing pesetas when Germany
(Cao CpANTCH Do0n IN
Evening star., 1944-01-23
Party Leaders
Back 4th Term
For Roosevelt
Urge Him to Stoy
As World Leader: -:
Honneeon Elected
(Tert OF committee resolution
on Page At.
BY GOULD LINCOLN.

President Roosevelt was $50
licited" by the Democratic
National Committee, meeting
here yesterday, to continue "as
our great world humanitarian
leader"
The resolution, adopted unani-
mously and enthusiastically, was
interpreted by committee members
as an appeal to the President to
run for a fourth term-though it
avoided mentioning fourth term
in those specific words.
The action of the committee was
another boost in the fast rolling
drive to convince the President he
must run again.
During its five-hour session the
committe, through its speakers, held
out an olive branch to former
Democratic National Chairman
James A. Farley, urging him to give
his full support to the Democratic
ticket to be named at the coming
national convention. Mr.. Farley
has been and is strongly opposed
to a fourth-term nomination.
Hannegan New Chairman.
The committee transacted con-
siderable business during its single
session at the Mayflower Hotel 1t
accepted the resignation of Post
master General Walker as national
chairman and elected in his place
Robert E. Hannegsn, 40-year- -old
political leader of St. Louis Demo-
Gratis.
Mr.. Hannegan, who since October
has been commissioner Of internal
revenue, resigned that Office in a
letter to Mr.. Roosevelt before his
election as national chairman. He
also issued statement in which
he declared, Il will not in the
future seek to return to that Office"
/ In resigning, Mr.. Walker empha-
sized that his action had no connec-
ton with the four-term question.
He gave as his reason the war-swol-
len business of the Post Office De-
partment which he said required
his full attention and energy.
In an exchange of letters. the
President said he had been i'm
pressed by the" vigorous and cons
petent" way Mr. Hannegan under
took the duties of commissioner and
expressed my continuing good
wishes and confidence"
No Second Jim Farley"
In taking over the chair at the
committee session, Mr.. Hannegan
disclaimed any right to the title
of second Jim Farley" as James
P. Aylward, Missouri committeeman,
called him in making the nomina-
ton.
Il don't think we'n ever have an
other Jim Farley" he said I'm
just plain, ordinary, 100 per cent
organization Democrat
The committee voted to hold the
1914 national convention in Chicago,
on invitation of Mayor Edward J.
Kelly, Illinois national committee
man. Detroit, the only other city
to make a bid for the convention,
withdrew its invitation when a roll
call of the committee had gone far
, enough to show conclusively that
Chicago was the overwhelming
, choice.
The date of the convention was
left to Mr.. Hannegan. Later in an
!, interview the chairman said he
, would make a decision as soon as
possible 1t has been supposed the
convention would meet the latter
part of July, some weeks after the
, Republican National Convention.
Mr.. Hannegan's attention was
(See DEMOCRATS, Page AID
Evening star., 1944-01-23
Russian Army
Drawing Near
Vital Rail Hub
70 Towns Liberated,
$500 Germans Killed
In Leningrod Area
BY the Associated Press

LONDON, Sunday, Jan. 23.-
The Russians, pursuing the
beaten German besiegers of
Leningrad, have closed to with
in 6 miles of the great rail hub
of Krasnogvardeisk controlling
the trunk railways to Estonia
and Poland while other forces to
the east have cleared a second
Leningrad-MoscoW rail route and
are advancing to free the third.
The Moscow midnight bulletin,
recorded by the Soviet monitor
said 10 towns and hamlets were
taken and over $500 Germans were
killed in the Leningrad area. In
one sector a group of Germans fed
in panic when Soviet advance
surprised them, and on all sectors
many prisoners and much booty
were captured.
Many Germans laid down their
arms and surrendered in the for
ests west Of Novgorod, less than 100
miles south of Leningrad as the
Russians cleaned out the last poe
kets of surrounded Nazis. The rail-
way station of latino, 20 miles
north of Novgorod, and two other
unnamed stations were captured
after fierce battle, the communi-
que said.
Reds Gain in South.
Gains were also made in south
ern White Russia where seven COM
munities were taken as the forces
Of Gen. Konstantine Rokossovsky
reached out from captured Kahn
kovichi through the Pripet marshes
The Leningrad fighting saw the
days greatest advances as Gen
Leonid A. Govorov's forces captured
Komolovo and Zaitsevo, both miles
northwest of Krasnogvardeisk.
In the north. after capturing Mga
Friday, the Russians opened the
railway from Leningrad to Moscow
via Mga, Volkhov, Vologda and
Yaroslavl. BY yesterdays gains the
Russians cleared the Leningrad tc
Moscow line via Mga, Kurishi and
Ovinishche, which is shorter.
However, the Russians are now
driving for the double-tracked main
line through Kolpino-Tosna and
Kalinin, the most efficient route be-
tween the Soviet Unions two largest
cities. Swinging in from the east
where Mga was captured, the Red
Army troops were only II miles
northeast of Tosno with the capture
Of Voskresenskoye.
Would Unite Cities.
With the fall of the long-held
Nazi strongpoint of Mga, the Red
Army seized the key to the German
Notifications southeast of Leningrad
and raced ahead to wipe out Nazi
troops still holding a 6O-mile stretch
OF the rail line linking the old
Czarist and new Soviet capitals.
This Nazi-held portion runs from
the vicinity of Kolpino, Is miles
southeast of Leningrad, to Volk-
hovo. Liberation of the railway
would provide a powerful supply
backbone for the Russians, and once
again unite the efforts of the two
greatest cities of the Soviet Union
From the southern shores of Lake
linen, below toppled Novgorod
northward to the Baltic coast, the
German army was trying to avert
a major military disaster.
In many sectors their dead were
being counted by the thousands and
in liberated Leningrad long lines of
prisoners already were moving
through the streets, it was disclosed
in Soviet dispatches to Moscow.
1t appeared certain that the Ger
mans could not escape losing many
more than the 10000 killed and
(See RUSSIA, Page AID
Evening star., 1944-01-23
Germans Reported Fleeing North
After Surprise Allied Landing
Outf|anks Defenses Near Rome
Heavy Air Attacks
Hit Supply Lines
To Tie Up Enemy
By the Associated Press.
Allied prTp

BY tne Associated Press.
ALLIED HEADQUARTERS, AL.
giers, Jan. 22.-American anc
British troops by the thousands
landed practically without oppo-
sition on the beaches south OF
Rome and moved inland today
in a daring, successful sea-borne
blow that completely surprised
the Germans and deeply out
f1anked the powerful Gustav
and Adolf Hitler" defense lines
The Germans placed the scene
16 to % miles south of Rome on a
3O-mile fiat coast between the Tibe1
River mouth and the resort town
of Nettuno, and they admitted loss
Of Nettuno harbor.
Allied headquarters merely said
1t was south of Rome but officially
described the assault as another
phase in our objective to take
Rome" The landings caught the
Nazis by complete surprise" and
constitute grave menace" to
enemy communications, headquar-
ters said.
Troops who splashed ashore met
Slight" resistance and are making
satisfactory progress" in their
drive inland, it was announced
hours after the predawn onslaught.
Timed With Land Offensive.
Admittedly hazardous gamble,
the great amphibious stroke that
ended the Italian deadlock was
timed perfectly with a new general
5th Army offensive on the land front
which fully occupied the stubborn
German 10th Army.
tThe NBC correspondent in
Naples reported the Germans
facing the old front in the Liri
Valley have started to break,
and enemy vehicles now are re-
ported moving northward
Kenneth Dixon, Associated Press
correspondent who flew over the
beaches south of Rome, said Ger
man anti-aircraft fire at road
junction town was so slight that the
Nazis either were dispensing their
weapons or retreating.
(The Germans contended in
DNB dispatch to European pa
pers outside Germany that the
landing is no surprise to the Ger
man military command" which
had been convinced ut would be
necessary" They said Nazi re-
serves appeared on the scene as
soon as the enemy operation had
been carried out" and now were
engaged in heavy fighting"
Stockholm dispatches quoted
German military spokesman as
stressing the seriousness of the
situation)
Nazi Air Opposition Nom Existent.
Don Whitehead, Associated Press
correspondent, who accompanied
tllc 1OlSC 1S Pi SoNlipo-
tive. of the combined American
press, wrote that the 2 am. land
ing was so easy and simply done
and caught the Germans SO COM
pletely by surprise that as I write
this dispatch six hours after the
landing, American troops are lit
orally standing with their mouths
open and shaking their heads in
utter amazement."
'I still don't believe it," a 5th
Army infantryman, veteran of
other amphibious operations, told
him.
While landing craft swarmed on
to the beaches of Rome's one-time
bathing resorts, Allied airmen said
fCoo Dooo
Evening star., 1944-01-23

(See ITALY, Page A-4)
Evening star., 1944-01-23

(See PACIFIC, Page A-8.)
Evening star., 1944-01-23

(See RAIDS, Page A-8.)
Evening star., 1944-01-23

(See SPANISH, Page A-10.
Evening star., 1944-01-23

The Evening and Sunday Star is
delivered in the city and suburbs at
8Oc per month when Sundays; 90c
per month when S Sundays. The
Night Final Edition and Sunday,
Morning Star at 90c when Sun
days; $100 when Sundays.
Evening star., 1944-01-23

(See STEEL, Page A-14)
Evening star., 1944-01-23

(see WAR BONDS, Page A-5J
Evening star., 1944-01-23

(See DINNER, Page A-6J
Evening star., 1944-01-23

See RUSSIA, Page A-12.)
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-04-28
Young Mother Wants
TO Adopt Baby Girl
War Problem Clinic

War Problem Clinic:
] am the young mother ~ 10
H4eRth-eld boy, have good htts.
hand, a nice home. and Just about
everything a girl would want
When my baby was born was
told there would he no more chill
dren for five or six years. but my
husband and / both want little
girl now. DO you feel We would
he taking the right steps ny trying
10 adopt one? As my husband has
= very bad heart. there is little
chance of his being drafted
MRS. r. J. c.
ttEsT Mrs ". J. G.:
Are Won sure that the medical
phase Of your problem IL COM
pletely answered?
III there IL any possibility NJ
having your own child, II would
he hundred-fold better than
seeking adoption as solution.
Parents who try 10 find healthy
babies for adoption frequently
face n long frustrating expert
ence. There are about 90 good
applicants for every baby that
becomes available. II Is not an
easy solution.
May l urge YOU tn consult n
specialist for expert advice.
MRS. IRENE r. MURPHY,
Family and Child Welfare Secra-
tary, Council Of Social Agencies.