davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1944-06-30
Politics and the War

Nothing could better demonstrate
the strength and resiliency of our
American democracy than the fact
that we do not hesitate to enter
upon potentially explosive presi-
Dental campaign at a time when
we are engaged in the deadliesr and
most far-reaching war in our his
tory. In neither of our major parties
are there any serious misgivings
that the great political debate i'm
mediately ahead will interfere in the
slightest degree with the Nations
gigantic military operations. On
that much at least-as Governor
Dewey declared in his acceptance
speech-on the aim to inflict a total
defeat upon the Axis and on the
corollary aim to cooperate with our
Allies in establishing an enduring
peace, we are unshakably united as
a people, irrespective of whether
we are Republicans or Democrats.
In emphasizing the existence of
this basic unity, Governor Dewey
has spoken words which are bound
to add to the growing gloom OF our
enemies. It has been said more than
once in the past that both Berlin
and Tokyo o. particularly Berlin
looked forward to the forthcoming
electioneering with high hopes that
1t would serve. somehow, to ease the
Immense pressure now being exerted
against them from every direction.
We were to become divided over
domestic issues. Our foreign policy
was to be made political football.
Our national air was to be filled with
bitter recriminations and name
calling. And violent campaign ar
guments in general were to confuse
and distract us to such an extent
that the overall Allied war effort
would be appreciably slowed down,
perhaps enough to rob us of total
victory and give the Nazis and the
Japanese a chance to escape the
full consequences of their crimes
against the civilized world.
Such wishful hopes as these have
unquestionably suggested them
selves to our enemies. Only four
years ago, on the basis OF much the
same kind OF thinking, they believed
that we were going to continue
arguing among ourselves over ESQ
lationism" and "interventionism"
until the very weight Of words would
bog us down in inaction and make
us too late with anything we might
do to help the cause Of our own and
other peoples freedom. They did
hot know America then. They do
not know America now. For they
are historically ignorant OF our po-
litical Spirit-a spirit which, to para
phrase Washington, means that the
name Of American" which belongs
to us, must always exalt our patriot
ism above party or faction whenever
our country is in danger.
Bred into the bones OF America,
this spirit was clearly in evidence at
the Republican convention and 1t
Will undoubtedly be equally In evi-
dence when the Democrats convene.
II is the secret Of our strength as a
Nation Of free men. and because OF
Evening star., 1944-06-30
On the Record
By Dorothy Thomb bson

CHICAGO, Ill, June 30.-This has
been remarkably unconventional con-
vention. 1t has unanimously nominated
Tor President a candidate 1t did not
want, and one who probably did not
want the nomination. It has nomtA
mated for Vice President the popular
Republican choice for President and
IN the course OF the convention has given
him ovations out of all proportion to
those accorded Gov. Dewey.
1t has drawn up straight nationalist
and back-to-normalcy platform under
a paper-thin veneer OF internationalism
and hodgepodge Of vote-catching ap-
peals addressed to every conceivable
minority group. And few hours after
the platform had been adopted, it has
listened to an acceptance speech in
which the platform was completely ie-
nored and even, by every inference,
Considering the fact that 5000 peo-
pie crowded the stadium last night.
nlling 1t for the first time during the
entire convention, one may say that
Gov. Dewey's speech was practically
received in complete silence. At no
time was he interrupted BY more than
perfuiactory applause. The ovation at
the end iasted only few seconds.
It Is true that this was brand-new
audience Of convention delegates. It
has been estimated that no more than
ID or 16 per cent had ever attended
nationa! convention before. Perhaps
they Old not know the tricks. They did
not drown out the band with their
cneers; they stopped and listened to it,
Perhaps. also, they had reached the
point OF almost utter prostration from
the heat which descended like humid
log upon the city with the convention
and lifted Immediately after Gov. Dewey
nnlshed his acceptance speech. Today
Is glorious, cool and bright
But despite the strange atmosphere of
Evening star., 1944-06-30
Smithsonian Secretaries

The Smithsonian Institution is
what its secretaries have made it. Be-
ginning with the fundamental con-
ception of its founder, it has been
in the words of william Howard
Taft-"the incubator of American
science" The essential ideal of in
creasing knowledge as we'll as diff
fusing it easily might have been
interpreted in relatively inconse-
quential ways. Instead, under q
succession of five secretaries, it has
been a kind of dynamo, skillfully
directed into creative activity useful
to the generality of men.
Each of the administrative heads
of the Smithsonian came to fame
through original research. Joseph
Henry, who served as secretary from
1846 to 1873, was a physicist of dis
tinction. Spencer Fullerton Baird,
a biologist remembered for his zeal
as collector and organizer of facts
about the practice Of life, followed
between 1873 and 1887. Samuel
Pierpont Langley, astronomer and
aeronautic theorist, from 1887 to
1906, and Charles Doolittle Walcott,
geologist and paleontologist, from
1907 to 1927, maintained the tradi-
tions OF their predecessors yet added
contributions definitely their own.
Charles Greeley Abbot, the fifth
executive officer of the whole inclu-
sive institution, grew up to the work
and, now retiring, is privileged to
look back upon a period of marvel
Gus expansion. He is the first
Smithsonian secretary voluntarily to
relinquish his responsibilities. His
choice, OF course, will be law to his
friends. They are glad that he
means to continue his study of solar
phenomena with freedom from rou-
tine obligations.
Meanwhile, DR.. Alexander Wet
more, a well and favorably known
biologist and ornithologist, is to be
acting head. He, too, has been edu-
Gated in the institution legend of
progressive enterprise. One of his
problems will be to acquire the
physical facilities-the new buildings
which the Smithsonian presently
needs as never before. Director of
the National Museum since 1925, he
is abundantly familiar with the re-
quirementS.
Evening star., 1944-06-30

So far as the American people are
concerned, the Atlantic Charter still
appears to be the foundation Of our
foreign policy. But this document has
been greatly "wAtered" In recent months.
Prime Minister Churchill's speech Of
last month In which he mentioned the
charter as mere general directive at
the next peace table and the admins
tration's waverins In Its previous strong
stand regarding minor war associates
makes 1t obvious that the charter Is be-
ing set aside rs venerable document"
~ 4
Neither the public nor Senate Foreign
Relations Committee have ever been
given . clear picture of what actual
commitments have been given to the
U. s. s. r. and Great Britain.
The commitments are known to the
very few who have attended the Casa
blanca and Teheran meetings. An at
tempt by the Senate committee In April,
1943, to discover the details Of the Casa
blanca discussions were frustrated. The
Secretary Of State. who had not at
tended the conference, spoke for more
than two hours but could not enlighten
the Senators. The others who were sum.
moned before the committee, including
Gen. George Q. Marshall, were unable
to divulge any important facts since at
Casablanca military and political factors
were interlocked and came under the
heading OF military secrets.
The Teheran converse tions and COM
mitments came under the same heading.
Hence the full extent Of the agreements
among the big three are known by only
few men In the United States, Great
Britain and Russia.
Under these circumstances the blue
prints OF the postwar world are known
IN this country only to the Chief Execu-
tive, who is honor bound by them. Thev
do not have the approval Of the Senate,
They are not binding, however, to those
who may succeed the present admins
tration.
The Republicans have pledged them
selves to prosecute the war relentlessly
until the enemy has been brought to his
knees and made powerless to resume an
aggressive war. But they are not bound
to any commitments the Chief Executive
may have found necessary to make in
order to bring about the present military
condition. 1
It Is obvious that Americas major
associates In the war are wondering
what will happen to the blueprints
drafted with the consent and approval
OF President Roosevelt In the event
another man takes his place.
Evening star., 1944-06-30
Porutrooper

The Romany urge wds fttul thino,
In persimmon days and ,Dith ndlldrds
on ,Ding;
And you liked to stroll In the blue.
stem Dith Roper,
Where ,oild-grapes hung purple be.
yond the red cloper.
Then a bugle note came in a poignant
tDdy-
4 clear high call-and you could not
stay.
This time you haze wandered too far
too jdr;;
You hurdle the clouds, not the pds-
ture-bnr
At ,ohip-poor- hour, Uhen, the
chores are over,
We keep our -uioit-yo1y mother
and Rorer.
MARY PEERY WHITAKER.
Evening star., 1944-06-30
This Changing World
By Constantine Brorn

The race for President of the United
States is being followed abroad with
greater interest than any other previous
campaign.
So far as the war Is concerned, none
of the Axis powers could derive the
slightest degree Of comfort from the
speech of the Republican nominee,
Gov Thomas E. Dewey. He appeared
as determined as President Roosevelt
to continue to fight until Japan and
Germany are utterly defeated. In spite
of views to the contrary expressed by
some of the Republican members of
the House, Mr.. Dewey has fully indorsed
the unconditional surrender slogan
adopted at Casablanca in 1943.
The military aspects Of the war
against the Axis are now very clear.
Last year about this time the task
ahead still was gigantic and complete
victory was distant. Politically the in
ternational picture was equally compn-
Gated and uncertain.
To-day the military situation is far
better than the most optimistic observ-
ers dared hope; the defeat Of the Nazis
Is looked on as q question Of months
and the destruction of the Japanese
military forces in spite of their successes
In China, may come less than 4 year
after the NaM collapse.
But while our war associates are now
certain of victory and about Americas
effort, regardless of who is elected Pres
ident In November, they are concerned
about the political aspects OF . change
Of administration.
II the Republican party wins, the new
President and his cabinet would be un-
shackled by any commitments" obli-
cations and promises which may have
been made by his predecessor
Our policy is clear so far as the
prosecution of the war Is concerned. In
Secretary ofsState Hull's own words,
the principal objective OF our foreign
policy Is to win the war.
But behind this very general promise
the foreign policy as was determined
at Teheran is a closed book for the
American people. They try in vain to
learn from the maze of rumors, inspired
magazine articles and occasional hints
from the White House what was de-
cided behind the closed doors of the
Russian Embassy In the Iranian capi-
tai. 1t was there that President Roose.
welt, Premier Stain and Prime Minister
Churchill and their interpreters spent
many weary hours Strengthening out
the Allies strategy on the basis Of
political deals.
Evening star., 1944-06-30

organized apathy In which Gov. Dewey
delivered his speech, it was 4 MASTER
piece. The shortest statement made by
any speaker, statement totally devoid
OF slogans, wisecracks or pathetic ora
tory, 1t opened totally new type of
campaigning.
1t was speech made to a skeptical
generation, allergic to oratory and
cynical OF politicians. It was modern
IN temper and in delivery and com
pletely without demagoguery.
One swallow does not make a summer
nor one speech q candidate or q cam
paien. But Gov. Dewey has already
done the entire American Nation 4
distinguished service. He has cut OF
IN two paragraphs the hopes undoubt-
edly entertained by the Axis powers that
cnange OF government In WASHINGTON
might bring divisions among Allies ana
oner the hope Of an easier and earlier
peace
His unequivocal statement that there
would be no change whatever In military
conduct Of the war was accompanied bv
straight message to all our Allies.
pled2ing complete unity ito the limit Of
our resources and manpower." And to
the Axis he made the grim promise that
this campaign will strengthen with
every day the will to victory" and that
with every day you further delay sur
render the consequences to you win be
more severe"
II could very well be argued that Il
would be Gov Dewey's political disad-
vantage to have the Germans surrender
70 PRESIDENT Roosevelt as Americas rep
Iesentative, with the consequence that
tne fIesioent might be involved in peace
negouatlons during the election, q stu.
4.ion wnlcn would probably re-elect him.
II tnat ldea crossed Gov. Dewey's mind
ne repuo1ated 1t. That is one up for
MN IN tne opinion Of this commentator.
(Released BY the Bell Syndicate, Inc,1
Evening star., 1944-06-30

are in trapped-animal position.
The changed tune of their Propa-
ganda Ministry is therefore entirely
understandable and we can expect
1t to grow gloomier and gloomier, If
not hysterical, as our Allied armies
make 1t altogether clear that this Is
indeed "the last hour for Germany"
and that nothing now can stop the
sand from running to the bottom of
the glass.
Evening star., 1944-06-30
Interpreting the Platform

Governor Dewey's first press con-
ference since accepting the Repub-
lican presidential nomination was
used by him to begin the important
process of interpreting his party's
platform.
Political platforms almost invari-
ably are hodge-podge of compro-
mise and concession-an effort to be
all things to all men, and therefore
meaningless. The party candidate,
however, If he is man Of strength
with convictions of his own, will
devote an important part of his
campaign to setting forth his in
terpretations OF the various planks,
and it is these interpretations which
generally become the real platform.
At the press conference, Governor
Dewey gave his Interpretation Of
the Republican foreign trade plank.
This statement of policy, as it ap-
pears in the platform, is ambiguous,
but it could very easily be interpreted
to mean that the Republicans, If
elected, would cut the heart out OF
the reciprocal trade agreement pro-
gram In favor OF a return to the
Grundy high tariff policies of the
1920s, which many hold largely
responsible for our economic collapse.
Mr.. Dewey, however, interprets the
plank otherwise. It's essence, he
declared, is in the part which says
that the United States will partici-
pate with and work with other
nations to promote international
trade. Answering a specific ques-
ton as to his views on the reciprocal
trade program, which is the antith-
esis OF the high tariff policy, Mr..
Dewey, while claiming Republican
authorship of the program, said that
1t had been carried out ABLY" by
Secretary Hull and that he hoped
the Republicans would continue in
his footsteps. In these words, the
candidate repudiates the suggestion
that Republican policy is to return
to the days when we protected"
our economy with excessive tariffs
at the price of running it.
The party's labor plank is another
which lends itself to critical inter-
probation by Mr.. Dewey. In one
section OF this plank the Republicans
condemn the freezing of wages at
arbitrary levels and the binding Of
men to their jobs as destructive to
the advancement Of a free people,"
No slightest hint in those words of
recognition that wage freezing and
Job freezing are necessary war meas
ures, limited to the duration Of the
war. On the contrary, it is q purely
political bid for labor votes, and it is
unworthy of a party which hopes to
be returned to power in a time of
extreme crisis. But here again, the
candidate can interpret the plank
and insert the qualifications which
the platform makers expediently
omitted.
MI. Dewey has given every evidence
that he is man of sincerity and
high integrity. These are qualities
which the American people will in
sist upon in a candidate before
consenting to change of admins
tration, and in this respect Mr..
Dewey's real opportunity lies in the
direction of a fortnight and un-
equivocal campaign statement as to
what the platform would mean to
him as President of the United
States. There is no reason to doubt
that this statement will be forth
Nnns{no
Evening star., 1944-06-30
Questions Robot Story

To the Editor of The Star:
The Star for June 26 carried a special
news item headlined: Robot Planes
Date Back Is Years"
Is this an example of misleading pub
licity? I do not believe that the Ma
tional Inventors Council has a working
knowledge of the engine driving the
enemy winged bomb.
ARTHUR HALSTED.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-09-08
Troys Take Tilt
From Phoners
By 4 to z Score

Troys upset Telephone Company
q to ? in Thursday nights softball
game when Schumard allowed only
four hits, struck cut 1O and walked
only three. Seven errors by the
Phone team contributed to the out
come. TroyS had a scant two hits.
Baptists and B & G School are
slated to fight it out Friday night.
1t will be a bid by B & G to hold a
place in the upper half OF the
standing bracket since TrCys moved
out of the fourth place tie by Win
ming Thursday night. The School
meets the ascending Navy Flyers in
the final game of the season next
Thursday night while Troys tackle
Sandy Beach in the last tilt.
Arrangements still are to be made
for playing two postponed games,
but neither will affect the leaders
in the last half of the season.
Another, and probably two, ALL
Star games are under consideration
in addition to the playoff game
between first and second half PEN
nant winners. Linescores:
R.H. E.
Telephone Co. 200 600 % 4 7
Troys ....................--022 600 "a l
Batteries-Proscal and Benson;
Schumard and Shuck.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-09-08
Stages Gridders
Meet Blue Devils

STOCKTON, Sept. 8. UP)-The
west coast collegiate football sea-
son opens here Friday night with
Coach Amos Alonzo Stages College
of Pacific Tigers playing host to the
fleet City Blue Devils Of Camp
Shoemaker, California.
Ambrose SCHNEIDER. former ALI
American back for the University
of Southern California and now a
navy athletic instructor, is expect
ed to take advantage OF his eligibil-
ity to play in College of Pacific s
service games.
Stagg has built his offensive
around the passing OF Fred Klem-
enok, 165-pound former University
of San Francisco star, while Lieu
tenant (JG) Mike Malevich, Blue
Devil coach, is depending on Bob
Brumely, fancy running back from
Rice university. with Gerald Rice
of Dallas at left half.
Jim Turner. 205-pound tackle
from San Francisco State: Bob
Muenter, fullback, and Bill Mil
haupt, end. are veterans cf last
years COP team. Outstanding
linesman of the Fleet City II is
Charles Braun, tackle.
The game is scheduled for BaX-
ter stadium at p. M, preceded by
ceremonies in honor of Stagg, 80
year-old grand old man of foot
ball" who is beginning his 55th
season as coach
Imperial Valley press., 1944-09-08

which the defending champion, Ell
mer Cities of Stockton, was knocked
cut of the running.
Rosburg defeated Milton Ross of
Berkeley, four and three in yester-
days opening round as elites lost
to Tom Draper, San Diego, 4 and 2.
Rosburg is assured of stiff compe-
tition when he meets Ralph Hall,
Oakland, in the second round today.
Hall has won four out of six times
in previous play with the school,
boy.
Ernie Pieper Jr., San Jose; John
Dawson, Los Angeles. and Jack
Gate, Santa Barbara, other strong
title contenders. came through first
round competition with flying COL
orS.
Pieper, state open champion, took
three and one victory over Neil
Whitney, OXnard and Gage won
from Frank HiXon, Pasadena, two
and enc. Dawson marked up a six
and five win over Jack Mackey, Los
Angeles.
Dick Wright, Menlo Park, put
1885 title winner Jack Gaines, Glen
dale, out of the running with a
six and five win.
Other first-round scores:
Ralph Hall, Oakland, defeated
Barge Pease, Alhambra, four and
three.
Fred Gordon, Los Angeles, de-
feated Walter Buerman, Beverly
Hills, two and one.
F. II. Hunter Los Angeles, de-
feated j. w. Ecklund, MADEIRA, four
and two.
Bcb HARVARD, Beverly Hills, de-
feated Lee Wheaton, Hawthorne,
two and one.
Bert Stamps, San Jose, defeated
Aldo Galletti, Camp Roberts. five
and four.
Gerald Hardy, Fresno, defeated
Elmer Skillicon, Watsonville, one
up.
Verne Callison, Sacramento de-
feated Bob Harris, San Jose, Cne up.
Jack LOVegren, Merced. defeated
Ed LoWery, San Francisco, one up.
Ralph Wolf. Los Angeles. defeated
Terry Garth, Texas, five and three.
Bill Fritz, San Francisco, defeated
Lido Landi, San Francisco, one up.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-09-08
NJ. L. STOCKS

Nex York. se4f s. UP1-Volume fell
off sharply on the stock exchange market
FrIdny and prices steadied. then advanced
Tnadesily over "a broad list IN contrast
with previous sessions of the week when
sharp declines pnedominated.
Fridays Improvement followed fair
sized recovery in the last few minutes of
trading yesterday when rails made the
best group showing In the current ses-
sion the advances were distributed more
widely Some Of them ranged TO a point
or more In the leaders, while special
stocks In a few instances rose ? points
on better
Steel and automobile issues failed To
idin the upturn and most Of them had
minor losses. Enough rails rose 10 hold
the average firm. Norfolk x Western rose
more than point Preferred stocks of
The utilities weak yesterday rallied.
Certain-Teed preferred rose more than
? points pepsi-Cola. strong spot IN the
previous session, gained more than point
on active turnover. Graham-Paige was
active IN the low-priced motors. Amuse-
Inenis rose under the leadership OF Loew 5.
Closing Dow-Jones averages: industrials
1881 off 097; rails 1892. off O.02i
utilities 2449 up O.O9; IS stocks "a,
unchanged.
sales were 62s. $50 shares compared
with ! Az. TO Thursday. Curb sales to
tailed III, SOS shares against 31u2lo
Thursday.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-09-08
l.. A. STOCKS

Los Angeles, Sept. s CUP)-Stocks held
even Friday on the Los Angeles exchange
with eight issues up, eight down and SIN
unchanged. Midday sales moved souO
shares.
The list: Barker Bros. common 100 al
16ls. up 4 Blue Diamond 100 al 2.4O'
unchanged; Western Air Lines 100 at TO-
down y Transamerica 100 al Sla. up = :
Pacific Lighting 100 at asa, down = ;
Edison common 100 at "a -, down =
FdAon 81 per cent 100 at 305s up L (;
Richfield 100 at ga unchanged; Republic
Petroleum 100 at 59s. unchanged; Sunray
100 at s.. unchanged: Union OIL 100 at
1SSs, up = Gladding Mclean 100 at 1873 =
down \ Hudson 200 al Is, down = !;
Ryan 100 at 3ts unchanged Farnsworth
100 at II, up L.