davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-07-08
goth Vet Pitches
In On Home Front

Captain James T. Wiley. Of the
goth Pursuit Squadron. who less
than a month ago was exposing
himself to flax as often as three
times a day while dive-bombing the
enemy's gun positions in the Casino
area OF Central Italy. was welcomed
home by residents OF Pittsburgh last
week. Captain Wiley is in this coun-
try on leave.
The celebration was a feature Of
the Fifth War Loan drive In the
Smoky City" II was sponsored
jointly by the Pittsburgh Courier
and the Citizens War Bond COM
mittee. and many bonds were sold.
Captain Wiley received from Mrs.
Jessie Vsnn. treasurer of the Pitts
burgh Courier. $500 bond as q
gift OF the Citizens committee.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-07-08
Highland Park
Sailor Slain In
South Pacific

Mr.. and Mrs. George Davis. 1908
Kendall street. Highland Park, we're
notified by telegram Saturday that
their son. Seaman Second Glass
James Thomas DAVIS. "a. had been
killed IN action IN New Guinea.
Al the same time his wife. Mrs
Elzora Davis. 6337 Stanford avenue.
also received a telegram from the
Navy telling OF his death
Davis was drafted last November
while employed at the Ford plant.
He was born in Cincinnati. but had
been here since 1912. He was a
former student Of Highland PARK
high school.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-07-08
NAACP Legal Body
Explains Position

A clarlhcation OF NAACP proce-
dure IN legal cases was issued by
the Legal Redress committee OF the
Detroit Branch NAACP OF which
Atty. Willis NJ Graves is chairman
Other members Of the committee
are Attys. Elvin l.. Davenport, Rob-
ert j. Evans, and Frances NJ Dent
The Detroit Branch Of the
NAACP has always been interested
in any case where injustice Is done
because OF race. creed, or color Re-
Gently the aid OF the association has
been asked on matters which do not
come within the purpose OF the or
Ranizstion. In order TO explain fully
the associations policy on legal mat
tcrs We are issuing this statement:
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-07-08
NY Supreme Court
Justice Aids Man

:, New York State Supreme court
justice. William H. Murray. recently
castigated lawless law enforcement
brought out by John Sonny Jones
Of Albany. N. Y. Jones insists he
was beaten and suspended head
down from a window in the State
ONCE building by state troopers.
Justice Murray held that Jones had
a right to know the names OF the
troopers and anyone else present on
the twenty-ninth floor OF the build
ing where the alleged assault occur
red on Feb. IS.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-07-08
Judge Disn,isses
Lettering Charge

tNAACPl-Judge George T Muir
ply. one OF the judges ~ the Re-
corder's Court, Traffic Ordinance
Division. dismissed charges of lott
ering against Rufus Z. Guice and
Henry Thornton, Wednesday. June
28 Guice and Thornton were rep
resented by Attorney Edward NJ
Turner. who was assigned to the
case by the Legal Regress Commit
Ne OF the NAACP
Accused Of lettering on the corner
~ Garfield and Besubien streets. on
the evening Of May 3. the defend
ants who are employees Of the
Pullman company. denied the al
legations OF the police and told OF
brutality by the patrolman who
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-07-08
Soldiers Stage
Riot In Boston;
2OAre Arrested

MISUNDERSTANDING the action or
police In attempting to stop group
OF service men from drinking in q
doorway. more than 200 Negro sol-
diers were involved in q riot with
police here Sunday night. Police ar
rested 20 Of the soldiers.
The rioting occurred in the Rox-
bury district. and was not squelched
until reserves had been called and
joined with military police TO dis
perse the soldiers. Those arrested
were charged with carrying knives
and disorderly conduct
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-07-08

made the arrest Brutality charges
have been filed with the police
commissioned by the NAACP and
are under investigation.
According To Guice. he and his
wife and Henry Thornton were re-
turning from Eastwood Park about
1890 pm. When they reached the
corner Of Garfield and Brush on
their way home. they net r. ID.
Hughes and Joe Howard. pullman
porters who share the same runs
with them. PsuSing momen;sriiy TO
speak TO their friends. they were
told in q discourteous manner 10
get moving-get off the corner" by
DTsee DIsMIssEs. Page q
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-07-08
Pleads Guilty To
Killing His Wife

ROSEVILLE-Pleading guilty TO
manslsughter in the fatal shooting
Of his wife. Alice. IS. Luther Ford.
IS. $50 Edmund place. Detroit. was
sentenced last Friday to 10 10 Is
years in prison by Circuit Judge
Alton II. Noe.
Ford came TO Roseville last June
l2 and shot his estrsnged wife FIVE
times
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-07-08

ing aggregationS; Nine Lillian
Evanti. internationally famous col
oratura soprano. Porua White.
highly regarded Canadian singer,
and Richard Bonelli. top star OF the
Metropolitan Opera company.
Others TO appear are Eddie South,
Dark Angel Of the Violin" w c.
Handy. noted composer and Father
Of the Blues" Madame Pia Icy. cclc-
bratcd Romanian coloratura So
prano: Gertrude Wilson. OF Detroit,
who Sunday was acclaimed Ameri-
cas- outstanding Young singer OF
1914: and Laurence Watson, well
known young concert tenor.
In addition. Leroy Smith and his
famous Victory Recording orchestra
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-07-08
~- See DENIED. Page 4
Husband Stabbed
In Heart By Wife

Golden Durr, so. 2643 Jay street,
was i'm serious condition in Re-
cciving hospital this week as result
Of stab wound in the heart. His
wife. Mary Lee Durr. was ques-
toned by police after DUR had been
stabbed during an argument in
their home.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-07-08

Governor Harry r. Kelly was
asked by Gloster B. Current, execu-
tive secretary OF the Detroit branch
NAACP. TO state his position rela-
tive TO Establishment, OF FEPC in
Michigan. Kelly'S attention was
called TO the Republican platform
on permanent legislation for fair
employment practices and told by
Current that we are hopeful that
Republicans in our own state will
take a similar position and work
for the establishment Of state legis-
lation in Michigan
The letter further asked:
AS a candidate for governor, do
you favor establishment OF a state
FEPC. and would you be willing
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-07-08

according to the recently pub
lished outline OF NAACP Legal pro-
cedure. the legal work OF the
NAACP consists Of two general
types: ID defending pennies Ne.
groes who are the victims OF injus-
tice solely because OF race or color.
and 90 affirmative legal action 10
compel the enforcement OF laws
prohibiting discrimination because
OF race or color In the first cate
CORY are cases where innocent Ne
groes are about 10 be convicted or
have been convicted by juries from
which all Negroes have been sys.
temstically excluded, or convicted
.-.s . .~,n
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-07-08
PROSECUTOR is
TAKEN TO TASK
FOR Blu N CLING
Investigation o { II 8
Office Asked BY CIO
Committee

Frantically seeking TO stave OF
defeat by Candidate Gerald K.
O'Brien on Tuesday. July IL. Wayne
County's double-tslking Prosecutor
William bowling. who is telling Ne
gro audiences one story and white
audiences another, was fatty con-
denned by the Wayne County Clio
Political Action committee last
Friday.
William Stevenson, PAC clrairs
mins 1s1nn = k1ha1f q his 60
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-07-08
PAR TROOPERS
WILL JU MP IN.
DETROIT SUNDAY.
16 Men And Dog To
Participate In War
Bond Sale

Negro paratroopers will give an
exhibition jump in Detroit with
full combat equipment Sunday aft
ernoon, July 9, the Michigan
Chronicle was informed Monday.
The exact hour and place from
which the men will jump has not
been announced.
Sixteen men and two officers.
along with their mascot dog, will
make the jump, according TO Major
Homer Roberts, who stated that the
exhibitiou was suggested by the
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-07-08

ana sre SeiSed'7is1 q 0baf a. ~
rious war planfx
Saturday evening. from 7:30 to
$50. they will participate in the
war bond rally at Bond Square on
Washington boulevard. Following
the rally the men will be enter
tanned by the local War Bond Com
miitee. They will leave the city
Sunday following their jump ex-
hibition.
The paratroopers are all volun-
teers and have undergone months
of rigorous training. Actual battle
tactics will be demonstrated here,
and the men will use regular para
chute. This will be the first pub
lie exhibition staged by Negro para
troopers.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-07-08

Music Festival
Crown Won By
Detroit Girl

CHICAGO, I'll. - Especially
Gertrude Wilson. sens a
tional young dramatic soprano
Of Detroit, sang her way into
first place Sunday at Metro
politan Community church, in
the anal additions in the Search
For Talent Contest sponsored by the
sth annual American Negro Music
Festival.
The big festival opens here In
Chicago Saturday night. July .. at
White Sox Ball Park Second prize
In the finals Sunday went to Gladys
:beape enh ~ - awsrlloo
.,' q;
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-07-08

|tcA {nM1nept14 npeeelD1s Ceeln-
and the 81 Louis ArguA
Ia addition 20 the anal winners,
the contestants were Lucy Berry.
soprano Of ST. Louis. Karen Saun-
derA soprano. OF Cincinnati. and
Anne Cooper Edwards. soprano. Of
44l2 Wabash avenue, Chicago. and
Roy L. Wilson. baritone. Of Louis
vile. ,,.
Cash Prizes
The three winners will be pre-
sented their prizes OF $500. 500 and
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-07-08

~-See QUIZ. Page 4
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-07-08

~ See COMPLAINT. Page S
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-07-08

- See SING. Page 4
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-07-08

DTsee EXPLAINS. Page 4
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-07-08

~ See FESTIVAL, Page {
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-07-08

Nsee BLASTED. Page 4
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-07-08

DT'see DIsMIssEs. Page =
The Wyandotte news-herald. (Wyandotte, Mich.) 1943-1963, 1944-10-26

Whatsoever things were written
aforetime were written for our
learning, that we through patience
and comfort of the scriptures might
have hope. - Romans 1874.
The Wyandotte news-herald. (Wyandotte, Mich.) 1943-1963, 1944-10-26
CATHOLIC
COLUMN
WHY DON'T PRIESTS MARRY?

Let's put it this way: suppose they
did marry. We have about $4,000
priests in the country. The addition
of a "Rev. Mrs" to each parish
would raise the population Of our
rectories to 72,OO0. If each had three
children (our Church breaches
against birth-prevention in season
and out of season., the total would
climb to 10000. AS it is, the usual
pastor gets about 500 month, out
Of which he must keep the table.
The usual assistant priest gets only
SGT out of which half goes for board.
1t wouldn't go very far toward keep
ing a family!
Our priests are, most of them, con-
stantly on the move. They must be
prepared to transfer from one end
Of the diocese to the other at a
weeks notice. What matters it il
they move from a nine-room house
to a four-room bungalow? All the
priest really needs is a study and
some corner for his cot. With wife
and family in the picture, the case
is altered. And, you may believe
this or not, some parishes don't pay
their pastor salary. They simply
haven't any money. He lives from
hand to mouth as best he can; it is
a galaday when he can scrape
enough together for a new hat. A
man doesn't mind so much for him
self, but it hurts when he feels that
he is working a hardship on those
he loves.
Then think of how a priest is
bound by his office to assist the
dying. Scarlet fever, smallpox, in
fantile paralysis-it makes no diff
ference. There is, no telling how
many germs hop into his pockets
| as ne ministers 10 the patent. He
doesn't care for himself. He is alone
If he dies-all right; if he lives
all right. That's no skin off anyone'S
shins. But if there were a wife
and a few children
Above all reasons is the fact that
Jesus never married, and our priests
take him as their model. Frankly, it:
hard to stay unmarried through
reasons Of faith. It's good to marry
yes; but it's better still to give ur
all thought of wife and family ir
imitation of Him who said: "Anc
for their sakeS, 1 sanctify2 myself
that they also might be Sanctifiec
through the truth. John xvii, 10
The Wyandotte news-herald. (Wyandotte, Mich.) 1943-1963, 1944-10-26
ISPARS to End
Recruiting; VIII
Go Overseas

1t. Elizabeth G.. BARNES an
nounced today that general recruit
ing of Spars is to end on the Spars
second anniversary, November %.
She also gave additional information
on Spars being authorized to serve
overseas.
The full authorized strength Of the
Spars is expected to be reached by
then she said, and recruiting after
that date will be limited to replace
ments and special ratings. 1t Is ex-
pected that the demand for radio
operators, cooks, bakers, and phar-
macists mates will continue.
Applications are being accepted
now for overseas duty she revealed
An increase of ten percent in base
pay is being granted Spar Officers
serving overseas. Enlisted Spars are
given twenty per cent over base
pay.
Living quarters are being prepared
now for two hundred Spars in Ha-
wall, and three hundred in Alaska
1t. BARNES urged women desiring
to enlist to make application early to
avoid last minute confusion. The
recruiting office for this area Is al
531 Lafayette Bldg, in Detroit.
The Wyandotte news-herald. (Wyandotte, Mich.) 1943-1963, 1944-10-26
Youth Problems
viii Be Theme of
Parent Meeting

Youths problems and what the
parents can do, about them will be
the central theme of the Parent
Education Institute to be held at
Detroit, November II.
Sponsored by the University OF
Michigan and the Michigan Con-
gress of Parents and Teachers. the
Institute this year is being held in
five lower peninsula cities where
formerly a single all-state session
was held each year. Cooperating or
CARNATIONS are the Michigan Child
Study Association and the Ameri-
can Association Of University
Women.
Speakers will include: DR.. Joseph
Miller, director of guidance of the
Child Study Institute of the Toledo,
Ohio. juvenile court; DR.. Fred T.
Mitchell, dean of men at Michigan
State College; Mrs. Belle Farley
Murray, lecturer on parents educa-
ton at the University; DR.. Ralph
Ojeman, associate professor Of psy-
chology at the University of Iowa !;
Mrs. Bonaro Wilkinson Overstreet,
New York psychologist and author.
At the evening session DR.. James
K. Pollock, professor of political
science at the University, will speak
on Soviet Russia and the Peace.
At the morning session following
registration at am. there will be
a presentation of a shelf of the new
boys and girls books by Mrs. Beth
A. Simpson. of the Library Exten-
sion Service of the University. At
the afternoon session there will be
display of books on parent edu-
cation in connection with Mrs. Muir
rays talk. Also at the afternoon
meeting there will be a showing OF
of the new sound movie in techni-
color, Michigan on the March"
The Wyandotte news-herald. (Wyandotte, Mich.) 1943-1963, 1944-10-26
Organizations
MARINE CORPS
LEAGUE AUXILIARY

Members of the Down River Ma
rine Corps League Auxiliary will
attend a pot-luck Halloween party
to be held in the club rooms on No
vember at $50 pm. Masquerade
costumes will be worn to the affair
At the last meeting of the Auxil-
iary, Mrs. Viola Smith, past presi-
dent, was appointed entertainment
chairman, and Mrs. Lila Qualey
was appointed chairman of collec-
tons received in tin cans placed
in stores for cigarette money for
Marines. Mrs. Leona Paddock is
chairman of tickets for an afghan
which will be ratified at later date.
She will be assisted by Mrs. Mabel
Baird.
The Auxiliary has sent "A Christ
mas boxes overseas to members sons
who are in service and to sons of
members who are serving in other
branches of the service.
The Wyandotte news-herald. (Wyandotte, Mich.) 1943-1963, 1944-10-26
Republicans Set
Radio Schedule

Republican State Central Com
mittee chairman, John Dethmers,
has announced the radio schedule
for the national ticket for the rest
of the campaign and the state tick
ct for the next few weeks.
From October II to November 6
Governor Dewey will speak on six
occasions. New York will be the
scene of Gov. DeweyS broadcast Oct.
81 over NBC from 8 to $50 pm.
He will be introduced by Governor
Leverette Saltonstall from Mechan-
les Hall in Boston when he speaks
from there on November over NBC
from $50 to p. m. CWT. Dewey
will wind up his active campaign
on November in Madison Square
Gardens with a speech over NBC
and CHS at $50 to 10 p. m. CWT.
On election eve the Governor will
speak over the four major networks
from 10 to 1918 p. m.
Vice-presidential candidate. John
w. Bricker, will speak twice over
the same period. He spoke from San
Diego, California on October II over
the Blue Network from 10 to 1890
| u m. CWT On October 81 he will
address a rally in the Ivanhoe Tenn
pie at Kansas City which will be
broadcast over NBC from $50 to
10 p. m. CWT.
The state ticket will continue with
its Tuesday and Thursday night
broadcasts at 1918 over the Michi-
gan Radio Network.
The Wyandotte news-herald. (Wyandotte, Mich.) 1943-1963, 1944-10-26

Trust Truth rights
WI give you all that beings to the Eddy.
The Wyandotte news-herald. (Wyandotte, Mich.) 1943-1963, 1944-10-26
Surprise Party Fetes
Soldier on Furlouuh

Saturday evening, surprise party
was held at the home of Mr.. and
Mrs. w. Lebrych, Fifteenth street
in honor of Private Henry Smolin-
ski. who is home on a ten-day fur
Tough.
Halloween was used as the deco
rative theme and a large sign read
welcome Home, Hank"
Those attending were Mrs Chel-
stowski, Mamie Pruski, Chester
Chelstowski, Mrs. Klejment ano
daughter. Dolly, Helen Ardo, Marie
and Helen Opoka, Lottie Janiszew-
ski, Mr. and Mrs. Tony Janiszewski
Ollie Sowa, Al Trust, Theresa Le-
brych, Wally Maya, Mrs. Walter
Opoka, Pfc. Aloysius Truskowski
home on a 14-day furlough from
Camp Chaffee, Arkansas.
The Wyandotte news-herald. (Wyandotte, Mich.) 1943-1963, 1944-10-26

The fight against tuberculosis is
still on. This is one war We can help
to win by buying Christmas seals.
The area of the pupil OF the hu-
man eye, when fully expanded is
about go times greater than when
fully contracted
The Wyandotte news-herald. (Wyandotte, Mich.) 1943-1963, 1944-10-26
ELMER GEE LEAVES
FOR FLORIDA HOME

Mr.. and Mrs. Peter Sovey Of
Etral Beach, gave a surprise fare
well party feting Mr.. and Mrs
Elmer Gee, Saturday evening.
Forty-seven guests were present
A luncheon was served and a gift
was given to both Mr.. and Mrs. Gee
TIL Gees will leave this week for
their winter home at Lakeworth
Florida.
There are $500 known species of
sponges.
The Wyandotte news-herald. (Wyandotte, Mich.) 1943-1963, 1944-10-26
Mystery Tale
Starts at Fox

THE Climax, a technicolor mys.
terry tale starring Susanna Foster
Turhan Bey and Boris Karloff
opens at the Fox Theater this Fri.
day.
A companion feature will be
shown.
The Wyandotte news-herald. (Wyandotte, Mich.) 1943-1963, 1944-10-26
MOORE WILL
LECTURE AT
TOWN HALL

H. Napier Moore, one of Canada S
most brilliant speakers and journa-
lists will lecture at Detroit Town
Hall in the Fisher Theatre, Wednes-
day morning, November l at II
o'clock.
In his talk, the distinguished Can
adam will answer some of the ques-
tons which Americans are asking
today: Where does Canada stand in
relation to the British Empire-to
the postwar world? What Of her
future? What is the truth about the
French CanadianP Just how is Can
ada governed? What is the signifi-
canoe of her political parties? Is
Socialism a possibility?
Advance reservations for the lee
ture may be obtained at Grinnelrs
Music House, Ra. 1924.
The Wyandotte news-herald. (Wyandotte, Mich.) 1943-1963, 1944-10-26

A mind conscious of integrity
scorns to say more than it means to
perform. - Robert Burns.
The Nome nugget., 1944-03-01
Nome Directory

ACCOUNTING, INCOME TAX
 AND SOCIAL SECURITY r. o. Box 156 Nome, Alaska
The Nome nugget., 1944-03-01
CARNIVAL HELD FOR CTS

HEADQUARTERS. ALASKAN DEPARTMENT = Soldier winter sports teams, representing stations from Nome to Attu, are on their way to Fort Richardson for the Alaskan Departments first Win. ter Sports Carnival.
 Highlight of the carnival, chairmaned by Col. John M. Ham, .ilton, is expected to be Q hockey match between teams from the Canadian Arny's Pacific Com mand and Fort Richardson.
 Indoor and outdoor sports. to include boxing, hockey speed and figure skating, slalon and cross country skiing and snowshoe races are on the program.
 Plans are now being made to bring two Hollywood actresses to the carnival to present trophies to the winning teams and indi- Viduals.
The Nome nugget., 1944-03-01
ADDITIONAL HONORS FOR ARMY SCOUTS

HEADQUARTERS, ALASKAN DEPARTMENT Additional honors for the Alaskan Scouts were announced recently when a detachment of the combat intel ligence platoon was awarded a battle honor citation by the War Department for its part in the bat tie of Attu.
 Captain Robert H. Thompson. of Moccasin, Mont, led the detach- nent of 25 men who landed northwest of Red Beach, Attu and covered the initial reconnais- sance of that beach. Thereafter the unit served as a reconnaissance and covering detachment for the northern landing force and con- tributed materially to the succets of the operations" the citation said
 Another veteran unit of Alas kan service, Company A, 4th h. fantry, also received battle hon. ors. The unit was cited for it's at tack of the precipitious peaks on Fish Hook ridge overlooking Chichagof valley.
 Positions held by the Japanese on these heights dominated the approaches to the valley" the ci- tation said. By. determined action on the part of the entire com pany, the capture of these strate- gic points was accomplished, al lowing the advance of the balance of the attacking forces"
 Other units to receive battle honors for their part in the bat
The Nome nugget., 1944-03-01
AERIAL SUPPLY CONSIDERED IMPORTANT

TALKEETNA, Alaska - The importance of aerial supply for troops engaged in an assault move ment over the rugged terrain found in this area of Alaska has been demonstrated in maneuvers now i'll progress north of here.
 Troops of the Alaskan Depart nent Provisional Training Unit, using snowshoes, have moved out far in advance of their supply hauling tractor trains, held up by rivers only partially frozen despite temperatures as low as 52 degrees below zero.
 Army planes are making regu- lar trips from Elmendorff Field, near Anchorage, to drop boxes of the Arny's "Ten-in- One" rations, which include everything from soap and cigarettes to variety of food, to enable the strangely garbed soldiers to continue their advance.
 It was found that the most sat- isfactory method is to drop sup plies without parachutes from a low altitude, A few cans are dented; but nothing has been damaged so as to be unusable. '
 This. was first attempted from a two-motored cargo plane, but a slower 'single-motored cabin plane was found more satisfactory and
The Nome nugget., 1944-03-01

terrain of alternate ravines and ridges has made the problem of supply. the biggest one faced by the force. The big caterpillar tractors, after unsuccessful at tempts to cross streams on cor duroy-ice bridges. finally managed to ford the Talkeetna river and at last reports were attempting q crossing of the Susitna river, sev- eral miles to the rear of the main body of troops.
 The war games. which will carry the troops to Mt. Mckinley Park station, are scheduled 10 end around March lSt.