davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1944-12-22

and adequate requirements have
failed to arrive. The bottom here
has been scraped. Yet the Negro
fighter group has demonstrated
toughness, skill and intelligence
which may assure Negroes a place
in postwar aviation.
AS raw pilots they won COM
mendation from Gen. Montgomery
for their part in the Italian cam
paign. They supported the British
9Th Army by dive bombing, and
strating enemy machine-gun nests,
tanks, transportation and artillery
installations.
The Record
The Negro fighter pilots have
been in overseas combat 10 months.
They have seen action over Munich,
Vienna, Toulon, Ploesti, Sofia, Bel
grade, Friedrichshafen, Budapest
and Salerno. They have provided
cover for heavy bombers, patrolled
harbors, conveyed ships, hunted
U-boats and made reconnaissance
flights. In one days operation over
the Anzio beachhead they shot
down II enemy fighters and
bombers.
This group is made up of four
all-Negro fighter squadrons. 1t
forms a unique organization, for it
comprises every department for
keeping pilots flying, from mess
and maintenance to ornaments, en-
cheering, morale and administra-
ton. Every aspect of the groups
duty routines duplicates that of
every U. S. fighter group. Every
function is performed by Negro
personnel.
The educational level of the
group is high. Nearly 80 per cent
of the combined air and ground
personnel have attended college.
Significantly, of the more than 200
Negro commissioned officers three
quarters were born and reared in
the North; those from below the
Mason-Dixon line form the great
bulk of enlisted men.
First Opportunities
Some are sons of tenant farmers,
cotton pickers and sharecroppers.
One confessed he had never earned
more than 10 cents a day before
being inducted. Another had never
seen a wrench before he became an
Air Force mechanic. They are get
ting opportunities for the first time
and are making the most of them.
But the fact is that this is a
glorified Jim Crow organization
and it is for this very reason, the
pilots claim, that the personnel
situation is critical. While, as an
all-Negro organization, it admitted
ly provided new opportunities, they
say it also has serious drawbacks.
These they describe as follows:
The inexperience of Negro Off
GERS, pilots and mechanics who do
not have the opportunity to asso-
ciate with veterans before going
into action.
Lack of a steady flow of replace
ments caused by the pattern of
drawing pilots from only the Negro
air schools. The number of pilots
being trained has been reduced.
Lack of proper orientation in
combat tactics before coming over
seas, because their white instruc-
tors were without combat expert
ence.
Unfamiliarity with the type Of
aircraft pilots will fly in combat.
Mental strain of competition
Continued on Page 81
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1944-12-22
Sergeant James
Clardy Home
From Italy

Sgt. James Clardy has returned
from Italy and is at home on a
3O-day furlough visiting his par
ents, Mr.. and Mrs. F. C. Clardy,
and his sister, Erma, 2437 9th
Ave. S.
Another brother, Felix, also a
serviceman, is in Italy Corp. Carl
Wade, Jr., a Minneapolis boy, and
Sgt. James are in the same COM
pany in Italy.
Mrs. Clardy, his mother, is i'll
at her home.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1944-12-22
Uncle Samuel'S
Got Him

Harvey Harris, sos Iglehart
Ave-, was indicted into the United
States Army, Wednesday morning,
Dec. 20, at the st. Paul Armory.
He has two brothers in the armed
forces, Noel, a sergeant somewhere
in the Southwest Pacific, and Pri-
vate Frank, at Camp Van Dorm,
Mississippi.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1944-12-22
St. Peter Senior
Choir To Sing
messiah" Dec. "a

The Senior Choir of st. Peters
A. NJ. E. Church will present the
anthem, Messiah" by Handel, at
their music recital Sunday evening,
Dec. "a, at 1880 p. m. in the Church
auditorium. Mrs. Emma Simms is
director of the choir.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1944-12-22
PLAY At Halle q

"Susanna's Christmas Auction"
a play, will be given at the Halle
Q. Brown House, Sunday evening
at a pm. The players are children
between the ages of five and IL.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1944-12-22
Twin City Churches
Plan Special Services
Sunday, Christmas Eve

There VIII be special music programs and at
many of the Twin City churches Christmas Eve Sunday
December "a
Sunday morning, Dec "a the eleven o'clock service at
Pilgrim Baptist Church. ST. Paul. chldrens Christmas
told by Rev Foyd Massey Jr will precede the sermon
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1944-12-22
Christmas Carol
Concert Dec. "a

A City wide Christmas Carol
Concert will be the feature of the
evening at the Halle Q. Brown
Salon, Sunday, Dec. "a, at S:l5 pm.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1944-12-22

Do your Christmas Shopping
with friendly firms whose ads are
usually found in this paper.-adv.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1944-12-22

Supreme Court Says r. r.
Unions & Companies Can't
Make Race-Bar Contracts
Especially

WASHINGTON D. c. (NNPA)-In far-reaching
decision important economically Negroes the Texas
White Primary decision politically the Supreme Court
today decided unanimously that the Railway Labor Act i'm
union representative of craft the obligation
represent the interests of all it's members mpartay and
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1944-12-22

a good JralC 1oE
a newspaper cor
respondent and
columnist because
there's too fine a
line between SEN
timentalism and
emotiona | i S m 4.
And when one be-
comes emotional
in this business,
he often loses his
sight on the tar
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1944-12-22
Negro Flyer Unit Is
Facing Collapse From
Lack of Requirements
Fails to Get Adequate requirements
By Roi Ottley

NJ
Rome Dec 1The aNegro fighter group of the
commanded by Col o. Davis of Brig
highest ranking Negro officer in the u Army
possible collapse as a unit.
The offered by members of the
sufficient Casualties have depleted their ranks
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1944-12-22
UncOvering
Washington
By Harry s. McAlpin

Every now and then l get senti-
mental. It's a great temptation to
give in to the feeling. But it's not
. asJ +ro;t for
The Dayton forum. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1913-1949, 1944-11-03
THE FORUM

4. Fear of Roosevelt not
serving his term with Harry
s. Truman becoming Presi-
dent.
5. The refusal Of the Dem
ocratic Convention to 60 on
record for the establishment
of a Fair Employment Prac-
tices Commission; for investi-
cation with correction of the
mistreatMent of soldiers in
the Army, ad for tni-pon tax
and anti-lynching legislation.
s. Because Governor Dewey
is q young and able admins
traitor and has gone on record
for full citizenship for colored
citizens; jobs for all; relief
for any awaiting employ
ment; old age pensions and
benefits for unemployed ser
wants and farmers, endorse
ment Of the Republican plat
form pledging FEPC; investi-
|sgation Of mistreatment of
soldiers; and anti-poll tax and
arh-lynching legislation.
Z. Dewey's outstanding ap-
pointments Of Negroes to
official administrative jobs.
The Dayton forum. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1913-1949, 1944-11-03
Or. c. B. Powell Says Combined
Circulation Of Negro Papers For
Dewey Is Il Per Cent

dianapolis RECORDER TN
diana), Los Angeles SENTI-
MEL. (Cal.), HERALD :
NEWS (N.J.l, and the Black
DISPATCH (Okla.), with q
Combined circulation of 213,-
600.
Combined circulation Of
newspapers for the Dewey
Bricker ticket 49, 900 or
E71%.
Combined circulation Of
newspapers for the Roosevelt
Truman ticket - 32O,O0 or
29es Of the total number Of
newspapers.
DIR. Powell stated that q
summary of the reasons given
IN editorials for the support
of Dewey istas follows:
E /. The abuse and Jim crow
of over 500, ,OpO Negro soldiers
in the armed! forces.
2. No particular grievance
against Roosevelt personally,
but against his Democratic
Party which is dominated by
southern politicians advocat-
, ing white supremacy
3. The throwing overheard
Of Henry A. Wallace for vice
president and the selection OF
the southerner Harry s. Tru-
man.
The Dayton forum. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1913-1949, 1944-11-03

ing the Dewey-Bricker ticket,
all are in non-poll tax states,
Daily WORKER (Commu-
nist).
and Of the papers supporting
the Roosevelt Truman ticket,
two are in poll-tax states and
The Negro newspapers with
a circulation Of 10000 or
more with ro ABC rating
divide as follows: for the
DeWey-Bricker ticket Phila-
delphia TRIBUNE (Pa.)
DENT (Pa.) CALL ! POST
tOhio) Detroit TRIBUNE
the other one is edited by a
regular contributor to the
| Mich Chicago WORLD
m.) Los Angeles TRIBUNE
(Cal.), Kansas City PLAIN
DEALER tKans.), Louisville
LEADER (Ky), st. Louis
AMERICAN MO-, Ohio
State News tOhio,, with a
combined circulat.. Il Of IT.
900.
For the Roosevelt Truman
Chicago DEFENDER
(nl.), Michigan CHRONICLE
(Mich.), Chicago BEE (Tll.),
California EAGLE lCal. !,
New York AGE (N.Y.), st.
Louis ARGUS mo-, Louis
vile DEFENDER (Ky.), In
The Dayton forum. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1913-1949, 1944-11-03

AL along the line sweep Of - thousands
Of Negro railroad men work keep the victory trains
rolling the Pennsylvania Railroad, boys At the
frents want for nothing!
The Dayton forum. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1913-1949, 1944-11-03

New York DR.. G.. B.
Powell, Assistant Director of
Publicity Of the, Republican
National Campaign Commit
tee, stated that progressive
educational, economic and po-
litical gains by the Negro
have been brought about
mainly through the Negro
Press. He further stated that
it is interesting to note how
the Negro newspapers are di-
vided in the present Presi-
Dental campaign.
His analysis shows that the
newspapers with An Audit
Bureau Of Circulation rating
are divided as follows: for the
Dewey Bricker ticket Pitts
burgh COURIER (Pa.), Afro
American Newspapers, md. !,
Amsterdam NEWS IN. ~
and the Kansas City CALL
(Mo.) with q combined circu-
lation Of 604, 900. For the
Roosevelt Truman ticket -
Norfolk JOURNAL & GUIDE
(Va.). Peoples VOICE IN.
" and the Houston INFOR-
MER (Texas) with a COM
bined circulation of LOT 900.
He stated that 1t Is signi-
ficent to note that of the
newspapers that are support
The Dayton forum. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1913-1949, 1944-11-03
WITH A BUCKEYE IN
CONGRESS
Continued from Page z

Continued from Page 2
ing to Commodity Credit Cor
poration officials at Washing
ton their lack of sufficient
storage facilities to permit
them to accept ali of the soy
beans being offered under the
government guaranteed price
system, and are urging some
action be taken to relieve the
market glut which now exists.
At the time the government
first embarked upon it's SYM
thetic rubber program Repre-
sentatives in Congress from
the rural areas insisted alco-
hol be used for producing the
new product, rather than Oil,
of which there was already q
scarcity. They likewise con-
tended the alcohol process
would produce more rubber,
more quickly and more cheap
ly than any other. Govern
ment experts decided other
wise, and scheduled the
greater part Of the synthetic
| rubber production from oil.
However, the Congressional
contentious have been proven
correct in practice. Up to date
| approximately three fourths
Of all the synthetic rubber
produced in this country has
/ come from alcohol and only
slightly more than one-fourth
from the oil process, although
much more public money has
been invested in the oil plants
than in those where the alco-
hol method is used. Postwar
use Of grain in making sym
thetic rubber from alcohol is
being strongly recommended
| by the Gillette Committee Of
| the Senate as a better and
cheaper outlet for surplus
grain than any other plan yet
suggested to care for farm
over-production.
The Dayton forum. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1913-1949, 1944-11-03

A summary of the editor
ials for the support of the
Roosevelt Truman ticket is as
follows:
1. Public housing; new
schools; aid to farmers; New
Deal Public Works Admins
tration; National Youth Ad-
ministration; Civilian Conser-
Walton Corps; Federal Emer-
gercy Relief; and Social Sc
curity.
nappd) ,.OS.o m m cmfwyppp
2. Mrs. Roosevelt has been
a friend and has spoken out
for the Negro.
The Dayton forum. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1913-1949, 1944-11-03
9TH OHIO
DISTRICT
Our Representative
In CONGRESS
REPUBLICAN TICKET

Clarence J. Brown has been most valuable Com
rressman in these troublesome times. He has proven
his worth to the District and the Nation lie has
worked long hours with great diligence and IN
teipence to serve his District in the emergency
His training and experience are needed in the trying
days ahead
AS business man, newspaper publisher, farmer
anl former state official he knows the problems OF the
people Of The 7th District and the State OF Ohio, and
has fought for their best interests at all times
He has long been known as the friend ana
champion OF the men and III our fighting forces
He has demonstrated sympathetic understanding
of their problems and has voted and worked of 'hef
welfare and in the interest of all veterans anh thef de
pendenfs.
He has given 100 per cent support 70 the Waf
effort He pledges his every endeavof toward bringing
about lust and lasting peace under system that VIII
properly protect the rights Of America and each IN
divdua citizen.
He ii champion of the free enterprise SYSTEM
under representative form Of government, which VIII
guarantee to all citizens the opportunity NJ work fof
fair compensation and to enjoy the fruits q their
labor and industry.
Let's keep a Good Man ia Congress
BROWN FOR CONGRESS COMMITTEE
r RI Hawar nd arIuan. #
The Durant news. (Durant, Miss.) 1882-1985, 1944-10-19
Durlz%snts 5000
Quota On War Fund

Durant is in sight Of its $4,000 quota
in the National War Fund drive, said
II. L. Harrington, community chairmsa
today. Over s13oO.Oo has been given and
pledged in Durant, Mr.. Harrington stss-
ed and urged that everyone give a.
much as possible when called upon in
order that the drive might be complet-
ed this week.
Members of the Rotary Club are serv-
ing as a committee to solicit in the
business section and Mrs. ]. W. Nor
wood, women's chairman, is assisted BY
a committee of sixteen in making q
house-to-house canvass in every section
of town.
Women helping on this canvass ara
Mesdames Gordan Allen, A. A.. Chris
topher, w. H. Grist, H. A. Causey. Miles
Ray, Clay Gum, Brooks Davis, E. r.
Gibson, r. E. Moore, ]. r. Joyce, 8. C..
Ray, Byron Ray, Miss Beall, Miss Willie
Martha Elmore, Mesdames C. A. Wat
kins, H. L. Harrington, J. o. LAnfair
and Bill Burnley.
The Durant news. (Durant, Miss.) 1882-1985, 1944-10-19
Herman Odom, Jr.
Tukes Combat TRAINING

Keesler Field, Biloxi. Speculative.
Herman W. Odom, Jr., son of Mr.. and
Mrs. Herman Odom, Durant, today COM
pleted the first leg of a training pro-
gram that will qualify him for dual du-
ties as a member of combat air crew.
He wa graduated from the Army Air
Forces Training Commands B-24 Liber-
ator bomber mechanics school at KEGS
Ter Field. With II weeks of aircraft
maintenance and emergency operations
training behind him, he will complete
his Air Forces schooling at another sta
ton.
During the last seven days of his
course, he logged several hours in a
B-24 Liberator bomber in the practice
performance of the duties of ar aerial
engineer. He previously had been skill
ed in the fundamentals of the Liberia
tors fuel, electrical, engine, hydraulic
and propeller system.
The Durant news. (Durant, Miss.) 1882-1985, 1944-10-19
National War Fund Drive

This week all over Holmes county public-spirited and
patriotic citizens are taking time off from their jobs and
other duties to canvass their respective towns and COM
munities in the interest of the National War Fund drive.
The National War Fund, as everyone knows, supports
the USO in this country and abroad for the benefit OF
American servicemen; it makes possible the sending OF
life-giving and soul-lifting packages to American prison
ers of war in prison camps afar. The National War FUND
gives a measure of relief to our Allies. In short, every
organization it contributes to or supports is worthy and
deserving of the utmost in support from every American
citizen who has respect for humanity and any apprecla-
ton for the efforts of our own American soldiers.
Every citizen of this county will do his best to make
a substantial contribution to this drive, we are certain.
1t is little enough to back them up with a few dollars
when our fighting men are giving their lives.
Holmes county has been given a quota of S~13,275.OO.
This is a substantial sum and every citizen must do his
share if we are to achieve what has been set as our part.
Lexington's share of this quota is $4,000 and in
cludes money to support Boy Scout work.
Durant's quota is 100000 and includes money to
support the Boy Scouts.
The men and women who are taking the lead in
soliciting for the National War Fund in your community
should receive your sincere respect and admiration for the
job they are doing. They feel the obligation to be good
soldiers on the home front and help do what they can to
support our men in the service. They deserve support,
given ungrudgingly and ~cheerfully. We are certain they
can count upon it for the most part for we have few slack
ers in Holmes county.
The Durant news. (Durant, Miss.) 1882-1985, 1944-10-19
HiIund Fined 500
By Judge Davis

Perkins Hiland was fined 800 on a
charge of fleeing from the scene OF an
Incident in Circuit Court in Lexington
Wednesday by Judge S. F. Davis.
Inland was bound over to the Grand
Jury on a charge of manslaughter from
Justice of the Peace Court IN Durant
N connection with the death of Gene
Cole, Commercial-Appeal distributor
Young Cole was run over on highway
81 in Durant several weeks ago and Ia
ter died of injuries received in the ac-
cident.
The Grand Jury did not indict nm
for manslaughter.
Hiland entered a plea of guilty to the
charge of failure to stop n renoer
aid to Eugene Cole, Jr., whom ne hao
injured in an automobile accident. rms
was not tried by jury being com
prised by the lawyers in the case ana
aoreed upon by the state and defendent'
The Durant news. (Durant, Miss.) 1882-1985, 1944-10-19
|6th War Loan Drive
Begins Nov. 70
|Eiohteen Million Quota

Mississippi's E-bond quota for the
Sixth War Loan drive, November 70 to
December IS, is SIS, 900 900, Rex J..
Brown, State Chairman, and Frank X,
Mccoy, Jr.. Vice-Chairman, announced
here Friday upon their return from a
conference with national and regional
War Finance leaders in New Orleans
The states quota for all other securi-
ties is 500 ,O0O. 900, the officials said
adding that major emphasis Will again
be placed on E-bond sales and personal
solicitation. Quotas for the Sixth war
Loan are slightly less than for the 5th
War Loan.
Individual county quotas will be an
nounced prior to a series OF district
me.tinys over the state, to begin Dc
cher 30. Mr.. Brown and Mr.. MeGeoy
revealed.
"County quotas will be based on up
to-date factors showing the war boho
buying ability of the counties theS
stated. Counties will receive their
ouotas in plenty of time to break them
down to geographical areas, and county
leaders should De III d ppSi'''H
sign community workers their quotas
at these meetings. s.
They explained that experience IN
the past proved that counties wh'ch
broke quotas down to biographies
areas ..were in better position to reaeh
the;r goals" The breaking down oil
Quotas was termed the strongest rec
concentration made to the State war
Finance Committee by county leaders
Meanwhile, the two officials announc
ed that County organizations are al
most completely intact" and ready fof
me next camnaign. Only a few changes
have been r.ade in the state se'-up
.aey said, a,scrting that MISSISSIPPI
natriotic leaders are sticking by their
ounsn plans are being made to reach
the states E-quota at least two weeks
'afore the end of the drive and wen
ahead Of the Christmas season they
said. adding that it will take real per
sonal work to accomplish the task
The Durant news. (Durant, Miss.) 1882-1985, 1944-10-19
California Cafe Is
Open For Business

Friends of Charlie Dinas are glad to
welcome him back to the California
Cafe which ne has operated in Durant
for more than twenty years. Mr.. Dinas
mas been operating the Victory Cafe at
Duck Hill since the opening of Camp
Mccain and has now closed that place.
Since Mccain no longer has troops.
The California has been completely
redecorated and tho kitchen has been
modernized and completely done over
New tables, chairs and fixtures have
been installed and the whole cafe pre-
sents an attractive appearance.
The public is invited to visit the
California for a meal or a snack. Steaks,
chops, oysters are now . specially.
The Durant news. (Durant, Miss.) 1882-1985, 1944-10-19
Ii. Johnny Dinas Is
Wounded In Action

Mr.. and Mrs. A. X. Dinas, Of Durant,
have received word that their son, 1t
Johnny A.. Dinas has been wounded in
action in Italy where he has been fight
ing since the invasion Of that country.
The letter was dictated by Johnny to
a Red Cross girl and was written Oct
5th. He merely stated that he had been
wounded in the chest, thigh and both
legs and that his injuries were not so
serious. He said he was getting wonder
full care from the doctors and nurses
and a lot of attention from the Red
Cross girls and had everything he could
possibly want to eat or drink and plenty
of magazines, etc, to amuse himself
with.
A wide circle Of friends in Durant and
Holmes county hope that he will soon
be completely recovered.
The Durant news. (Durant, Miss.) 1882-1985, 1944-10-19
Memorial Service
Held Here Sunday

Beautiful memorial services were held
Sunday afternoon at the Presbyterian
Church honoring four Durant men who
have given their lives in the service of
their country during the Second World
War.
The service was sponsored by the
Preston Hudson Post No. 10 of the
American Legion and was planned and
conducted by Post Commander s. r,
King, assisted by other L~egionnaires
and members of the Legion Auxiliary.
Boys honored at this service were
NM Edward Beachman who lost his
life in the Merchant Marine in Deem
Der, 1912; Pfc. Rupert Harold Ellard
who died in the service Of his country;
Pvt. Delma Bishop, who was killed at
%Cherbourg Peninsula June IL, 1914;
Pfc. Corbett Penton, who was killed in
France July 18th, 1914.
Participating in the memorial service
were Mrs. F. V. McCullar, head Of the
Legion Auxiliary, j. G.. Jacobs, LIST Vice
commander of the local Post and Jones
Hand, End Vice-commander Of the Post
Mayor w. E.. Howell, Rev. II. s. Robin
son. Mrs. H. L. Harrington, Mrs. W. P.
Taylor. Mrs. Dan Comfort and c. H,
Carruth.
Phil Terry and II. II. Dodson, color
bearers for the Durant Post, did the
Flag honors.
The American Legion's Gold Star cita-
II - A. C-.----.- -..1 Ia
tificates were given the next Of kin by
Commander King in the impressive SER
vice.
Mrs. S. X. King had charge Of the
music.
The Durant news. (Durant, Miss.) 1882-1985, 1944-10-19
Jock Browns Observe
64th Anniversary

Mr.. and Mrs. Jack Brown, of Sails,
observed their Gath wedding anniversary
Sunday evening with an open house
from six to nine o'clock at which time
their many friends called to wish them
many more years of welded happiness.
Mrs. c. A. Knott g~raciously presided
at the coffee table and Mrs. A. L.. Stew
ems, also of Durant, assisted in the serv-
ing.
Among those going from Durant to
this delightful affair we're Mr.. Pugh
Winborn, Mrs. Florence Majors. Mr.. and
Mrs. Knott and family, Mrs. J. M. How
ard, Mrs. Ida Cargill, Mrs. NJ. T. Will
liams, Mrs. J. +. Steen. Miss Pearl Me-
gee and Mrs. Stevens.