davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Dickenson County herald. [volume] (Clintwood, Va.) 1939-195?, 1944-12-21
Hu||'s Trade Principles
Backed by Stettinius
New Policy Shapes as State Department Is
RemodeIed to Attend to United States
Commercial Interests.
By BAUKHAGE
Ne,Us analyst and Commentator

There would be nothing to raise
the eyebrow of past secretaries OF
state, of a Hay or Hughes, a Kel-
logg or even a Madison-in the
items now officially listed-such as
the direction of our IS embassies
and % Legations, nor the description
of the duties of ambassadors, minis
tiers and consular officers, nor the
head of protocol or of the divisions
which deal with passports and
treaties. They all fit into the tradi-
tional atmosphere of gold seals, tail
coats and top hats.
But what about aviation and ship
ping?
And what about the whole great,
new office of wartime economic &C
tivity," many of whose functions
will be continued when peace comes.
Here is lodged the responsibility for
Initiation" - that means the alpha
and the omega-of the coordination
not only Of policy but of faction"
on such a highly businesslike mat
ter as the procurement of all essen
tial war materials from foreign
countries.
You may be the 1owliest or the
mightiest of importers or exporters,
but if you wish to buy or sell such
materials you will have to talk with
a representative of the department
of state.
Then there is complete ''office of
economic affairs" Here again
action as well as policy concerning
protection and promotion of all
American commercial and agricul-
tural interests in foreign nations is
initiated that sounds more like
Kansas City or Madison avenue or
Wall street than Pennsylvania ave-
nue. or Downing street.
And those are only part Of a mod
ern diplomats duties. There is also
the tariff, trade treaties and agree
Dickenson County herald. [volume] (Clintwood, Va.) 1939-195?, 1944-12-21
Foreign Policy
Must Interest Nation

And that brings me to the last OBJ
servation which is the most impor-
tant: the formatio7 Of a definite
American foreign policy.
The reason why we have had mo
foreign policy" in the past is be-
cause the people have been too busy
with their own affairs to demand any
special treatment for other coun-
tries except that they be let alone.
But increasingly since World War I,
the people have come to realize that
the consequences of acts of govern
ment which affect other nations are
very likely to react on the individ-
ual Americans private affairs.
It is fairly well established by this
time that one reason why we had
depression in the '30s was that the
world went broke and wouldn't buy
from us. Less broadly realized but
growing clearer to most people is
the fact that although we loaned
money abroad to nations with which
to buy their goods, when we refused
to buy their goods (shut them out
with high tariffs) they couldn't earn
the money to repay us. Then they
went broke and we lost our trade as
we'll as our money. Other ma
lions which might have bought spent
their money to get ready for a war
which eventually stopped all buying.
Now many of the best business
brains of the country have walked
up to the fact that If this nation is
going to achieve prosperity after
the war, it is going to have some
thing to say about foreign policy
that will produce stable world.
In democracy there can be no
foreign policy unless the people
make it, and - unless foreign af-
fairs become personal affairs, the
people do not express themselves.
Their public servants do the best
they can in the short period OF their
terms or periods of influence. The
permanent members of the foreign
service move along according to a
pattern which has little to do with
the swift vicissitudes Of present
day life and, until recently, no more
attuned to the healthy and human
sounds and scenes in field and mar
ket-place than an ancient princeling
surrounded by courtiers and serv-
ing-men.
Dickenson County herald. [volume] (Clintwood, Va.) 1939-195?, 1944-12-21

ments and international commercial
policy as we'll, in just one division
of the Office of economic affairs.
In addition, there is a monetary
division, and (believe it or noD la
Dor relations and another separate
unit to deal with-that essential to
the American home (when it gets
on wheels again)-petroleum. . -
Dickenson County herald. [volume] (Clintwood, Va.) 1939-195?, 1944-12-21
Oh What Fun 1t Is to Make Furniture
For That Charming Little Doll House
By Ruth Wyeth Spears

nished with attractive pieces
made from things you have on
hand.
patterns or dimensions for all the pieces
of this furniture with illustrated directions
for making Patterns and directions are
also given for the lamps and other &C.
ycessories. Pattern 273 gives all directions
for making the doll house. Patterns are Is
cents each. Send direct to:
Dickenson County herald. [volume] (Clintwood, Va.) 1939-195?, 1944-12-21
.yz}gT zgSa
m!,1::5:||S:::::T]I71lz|I|sS;:I

He Knew
"Father says will you lend him
your shovel?" said the small boy.
Haven't you forgotten some
thing, my boy?" asked the polite
neighbor.
ooh, yes!" was the quick reply,
"Father said, If the old duffer re-
fuses, try next door. ;"
A Bit Late
Joan-How did the corporal get that
black eye?
Jasper-He kissed the bride after the
ceremony.
Joan-But isn't that the usual custom, !?
Jasper-Maybe, but this Was sir months
after the ,0edding.
Dickenson County herald. [volume] (Clintwood, Va.) 1939-195?, 1944-12-21
NelD Functions
Added to Office

When I sat down the other day
and ran over some of the new Of
fees and divisions and branches that
are sheltered beneath the old rocco
CO rooftree which were not even a
wink in the most progressive states
mans eye when I first walked its
marble corridors, l had quite a
shock.
Dickenson County herald. [volume] (Clintwood, Va.) 1939-195?, 1944-12-21
WNU Service, Union Trust Building,
Washington, ID. G..


One of my punster colleagues
asked the question the other day: Is
there any significance as far as
United States foreign policy is con-
cerned, in the fact that the nick
name of Edward Stettinius, the new
secretary of state, is ''Stet'?
(For the benefit of you who do
not handle type or typewriters,
"stet'' means 'let it stand" and is
usually written beside a sentence
or paragraph in manuscript which
had been marked out by error)
Observers have already expressed
the opinion that the policies of Sec
rotary of State Hull, resigned, will
undoubtedly be carried out by his
successor but many have over
looked the fact that the two men
have in common a certain for
mula" which is characteristic of the
most important trend in the state
department policy of recent years.
Although it was perhaps his char
acter and his integrity which did
more than anything else to carve
the name of Cordell Hull deep in the
annals of American craftsmanship,
those qualities were not the only
ones which influenced President
Roosevelt when he chose the stall
wart Tennesseean to occupy the
highest office in the cabinet.
Most important recommendation
was Cordell Hull's long and single
minded study Of, and the complete
ness of his belief in, the i'm
portance of international CONNER
cial relations and the vital role they
play in the whole economic struc-
ture of domestic as well as world
affairs.
I have dealt with that philosophy
of Secretary Hull frequently in these
columns. Suffice it to say that the
war and the study Of postwar prob
lens has already proved the neces-
sity of International trade agree
ments, one concrete product of this
theory which the secretary espoused
SO intellectually.
The trend is generally recognized,
but not many persons realize how
the growing Importance of CONNER
cial negotiations on the highest dip
lomatic level has revolutionized the
functions of the state department.
Still more important is the fact that
an awakened interest in the impor-
lance of international trade is
actually creating a United States
foreign policy, something which dip
lomatists have always declared
never really existed in the sense
that other nations have fixed poll
cies in dealing with their neighbor
nations.
The link between Secretary Stet-
tinius and his predecessor is based
upon this same influence. Both men,
despite their highly different back
grounds, have similar formula"
the formula for relating Ameri-
can trade to American diplomacy.
Secretary Hull was the first man
to- head our state department who
believed that trade relations have
in them the roots of war and peace.
Edward Stettinius is the first secre-
tary Of state who comes to the office
with training in industry. Gle left
NeW Functions
Added to Office
When I sat down the other day
Dickenson County herald. [volume] (Clintwood, Va.) 1939-195?, 1944-12-21
Counted In!

There had been one or two
stormy scenes during the match,
the visiting team apparently dis
agreeing with the referees deci-
sions.
AS the two teams went off the
field, one of the home players re-
marked:
Fancy you being licked! And
us playing a man short, tool"
"Man short nothing" snapped
one of the visitors. "You had 10
players and referee, didn't
your"
Dickenson County herald. [volume] (Clintwood, Va.) 1939-195?, 1944-12-21
Wedding Bellies

Joan = Brides always wear
white because it's the happiest
day of their life.
Bill-Yes, and the grooms wear
black because.
Evening star., 1944-11-01
No Compromise

The NaZis went to unusual lengths
the other day to get the people of
the Reich to listen to their radios at
a certain hour. When the hour came,
the voice of DR.. Paul Joseph Goeb-
bels filled the air with a barrage of
warnings and exhortations. Once
again there were hints that "deci-
sive secret weapons" would soon hit
the Allies, but no prospect of victory
was held out. Germany, said the
doleful voice, must fight on solely
to attain a peace guaranteeing its
existence, for "it is certain that we
would have only hell on earth to
expect if we were to lay down our
arms"
DR.. Goebbels went on to say that
by continuing their resistance, the
German people would discourage us
from carrying on "a war of uncer-
tain and indefinite Duration" his
implied promise being that in this
way the will-to-fight of the Allied
powers would eventually be broken
and compromise peace negotiated.
To yield now, he said, to surrender
now, would be merely an invitation
to "the enemy in the west" to trans
form the Reich into "a potato
patch" and to "the enemy in the
east" to let loose mass terrorism. I"
Quite obviously the purpose of
his message was twofold first, to
frighten Germany into last-ditch
defensive stand, and second, to
direct to the United Nations propa-
ganda designed to soften our deter
mination to demand unconditional
surrender.
On the same day that Goebbels
spoke, however, Prime Minister
Churchill, in a report to the House
of Commons on the recent confer
ence in Moscow, was answering him
at least in part. The enemy was
gambling on two things, said Mr..
Churchill-first, on the chance that
we might grow weary of the struggle,
and second, on the possibility of a
split among Russia, Britain and
the United States. But as Commons
heard, this is a gamble bound to
fail: LET all hope die in German
breasts that there will be the slight
est division or weakening among the
forces that are crowding in upon
them and will crush the life out Of
their resistance"
1t is possible that Goebbels, by
painting terrifying picture Of their
Evening star., 1944-11-01
On the Record
By Dorothy Thombson

II come back again today to the
naval battle in Philippine waters, it is
because the perspectives on 1t would
furnish material, not for a series OF
columns, but for volumes-as, in the
future, it will. do not believe the
American people have realized what it
means, not only for the war, but for our
position in the world.
AS battle between our feet and the
greatest Asiatic feet, it is comparable to
the defeat of the Spanish Armada. The
defeat of that armada in the days of
Queen Elizabeth destroyed Spain as a
world power It made England Spain's
successor and the unoisputed master of
The seas-tne only worldwide element
of those days-from then until our own
times.
In that succeeding epoch Of Pax
Britannica" was demonstrated the rela-
tionship between naval power and power
itself. And in this Battle Of the Philip
pines the United States has reinstated
the leadership of Western civiliza ton for
at least hundred years to come.
But more than that has happened.
In one of his last speeches the President
made the statement that our Navy alone
is now greater than all the navies of the
world combined. That is significant in
itself, but it is only statistical state
ment.
We knew before the present war that
Russia had the largest land army on
earth. But that alone did not give the
Soviet Union an adequate place among
he uyhc 10 RI
army met its supreme test and proved
its superiority over the technically and
tradtionally best competitor-the Wehr-
macht-did the statistical argument be-
come a political fact of vast importance.
In the same way, the battle in the
Philippines has transformed statistical
fact into political reality.
The Japanese have proved in their
short naval history that they are
capable of challenging great Western
powers. When they destroyed the Rus
sian navy in 1904, there was already the
premonition of a coming challenge to
America. In reality, that was the birth
of Japan as a great naval power.
But it could be argued that the Rus
sian feet was not comparable to that of
true naval power. But when, in the
early days OF this war, the japanese
sank the two British battleships, the
Prince of Wales and the Repulse. the
whole British nation was rocked. A sea-
minded people realized what it meant
That blow to British naval prestige
followed closely our disaster at Pearl
Harbor At one blow We were thrown
out OF the Eastern Pacific, and its rich
Evening star., 1944-11-01

booty-the East Indies, Malaga, the
Philippines-fell into Japanese hands.
But the inevitable course of history
cannot be changed by a single treach-
erous trick or mighty blow.
The Japanese could have succeeded
only If We had succumbed, through
decadence or internal division. Actually
that blow set America on her feet And
once she rose to her feet, that thing
happened which was preordained should
happen. The Battle of the Philippines
is only demonstration Of something
that has been slowly developing during
the last generation.
Almost against the will of the Amer
ican people, by sheer weight of Its vi
tality its geography and its engineering
sklls, this country has been pushed into
the leading place among world powers
At no time has there been a competi-
tive race with the British master of the
seas. But when the world struggle
forced the mobilization of all forces, the
inherent truth about America came out:
she Is without question the supreme
naval power OF the earth
Today this means air power as we'll as
ships. And again, the factors that
created our naval supremacy created our
air supremacy, and for world power the
two are one.
The deeper significance OF this will be
felt only by far-sighted Americans, to-
day and tomorrow. 1t will be realized by
all Americans in the coming decades In
the waters of the Philippines not only
was the Japanese feet destroyed. but
traditional America was destroyed
There may be those who will deplore
this and look back to the days of Little
America" remembering with nostalgia
her ancient Independent detachment
from the earth. But they will waste
stheir tears, because history does not stop
because Of nostalgias.
In history, through all the centuries,
the grasp Of naval power has invariably
been the forerunner Of new epoch for
the country that obtained it. Before the
destruction Of the Spanish Armada,
England was Shakespeare's little island
and the great explorers and openers of
the globe were Spanish and Portuguese
1t was not British world travellers who
created British world influence, but
British naval power which created the
travellers who carried the influence.
And so these last few days will affect
the minds, habits. visions and RESPONSE
bilities of Americans yet unborn. They
will not be like us, who see these great
events, almost with bewilderment, hardly
with realization, against the background
OF provincial America At one single
leap We have outrun the runners-and
we cannot plod back to the starting line.
tReleased b. the Bell Syndicate, 1nc)
Evening star., 1944-11-01
Facing Some Facts

In warning of the possibility of
failure in the Community War Fund
campaign this year the campaign
leaders are not admitting failure
They are pointing out facts which
must be recognized If failure is to
be prevented.
They know that failure to reach
the goal in cash and pledges this
year would be inexcusable
They know the money to reach
this goal is available in Washington.
All the usual indices, such as bank
deposits, volume of retail business,
wages and employment, show that
people have money and are spend
ing it.
The leaders know the goal is not
too high. They know it from their
analysis of the pattern of giving.
Some of the teams and units and
contributors are doing more than is
expected of them. The Navy De-
partment, for instance, exceeded its
quota by 40 per cent. Other teams
and units and contributors, all
made up of the same kind of people,
are not doing what was expected
Everybody understands the difficult
ties. Every worker shares the diff
ficulties. But to make the campaign
succeed, there must be something
like equal response up and down the
line. The teams that exceed their
quotas cannot overcome the deficits
of the teams that fail.
The need underlying this goal is
there. Each of the individual
agency budgets has been combed
over at least three times to elimi-
nate unjustified requests or exces-
sive demands. The amount sought,
in each case, has been pared to the
minimum by disinterested citizens,
playing no favorites. In a world full
OF misery and suffering it would be
impossible to exaggerate this need.
Yet the need has not been measured
in terms of what is required to
minister to it. 1t is measured by
reasonable estimates of what the
community can give.
We will not fall down in this
campaign If there is willing work
all along the front. We will fall
down, as we have done before, un-
less there is more equality of effort,
unless those who are behind now
can make some effort approximating
that of those who are ahead.
Washington cannot afford failure
In the War Fund campaign.
Evening star., 1944-11-01
This Changing World
By CoHsf0nfine Broyn

The Argentine situation is becoming
more complex by the week, and 1t Is
freely admitted in diplomatic circles that
1t Is none too clear even to some Of the
high Washington oficials, let alone the
public.
When the new Argentine government,
now headed by President Gen. Farrell,
took over the reins after the coup of
June, 1943, there we're various charges
Z as there have been since-that Argen-
tina's leaders were pro-Nazi. While on
the face this indeed appeared to be true;
1t has appeared since that 1t was more
pro-Argentina than pro-anything else.
1t has seemed more to be question of
playing both sides of the fence.
One of the most prosperous countries
In South America, Argentina is big i'm
porter of raw materials and with the
country's present government as ma
chine-minded" as it is she has been
forced to import greater and greater
quantities of equipment and materials
with which to equip and supply the many
Industrial plants built in the last few
years. Argentina at the moment has
more money than ever before.
With 1t all, the unofficial embargo on
products and the frowning faces of
Washington officials do not appear to
have cause1 tuch concern to Gen. Far
rells regime. 1he Argentinians are re-
ported able to get all the products they
need from nations which are on the
United States preferred" trade list.
Argentine trade with Brazil has
doubled in the last few months and
commerce with other countries has
jumped AS well. Imports from Great
Britain have slumped in the last nine
months, as was to be expected, because
Britain has little to export But trade
Evening star., 1944-11-01
Trouble at WLB

Recent developments within the
War Labor Board clearly reveal the
inherent deficiencies in that i'm
portant agency.
The board is composed of repre-
sentatives of the public, industry
and labor, According to Chairman
William H. Davis, the labor and
industry members are not really
special pleaders for their respective
groups. Actually, he has said, they,
too, serve as public representatives.
But this is an assumption which
does not square with the record.
There are four labor members on
the board. two from the AFL and
two from the CIO. AS of this
moment, however, the board is
functioning without participation
OF the AFL members, who, for
reasons of union politics, have re-
fused to take part in the boards
current consideration of the supple
mental demands of the CIO in the
steel case. The AFL members have
insisted that the board make a
report to the President on the break
ing OF the Little Steel formula.
Until that is done, they say, the
AFL will not participate in the
consideration of other wage matters.
Back OF this attitude is a long
standing rivalry between the AFL
and CIO, each seeking a basis for
claiming credit" for whatever
modification Of the formula may
be decided upon. This, as Mr.. Davis
probably would agree, hardly can
be described as a course of conduct
that is consistent with disinterested
public service.
There is suspicion, however, that
the CIO and the public members of
the board also are influenced by po-
litical considerations in this matter.
The steel case has been awaiting
action since last February. Early
this month it was indicated that at
least the first part of the boards
report-that dealing with labor's de-
mand for a wage increase in excess
of the Little Steel formula-would
be sent to the White House before
November 7. A little later there were
threats that the labor members
would 60 directly to the White House
with demand that the formula be
revised upward without further de-
lay. Either of these moves, in ad-
vance of the election, might have
been embarrassing to the President,
and it now appears that nothing will
be put before him by the board until
after the votes have been counted.
The AFL members, apparently re-
garding this as subordination of
their demands to political conven-
ience, have called what amounts to
. strike against the board. There
Evening star., 1944-11-01

future under Allied occupation, may
succeed in hoodwinking the German
people into the belief that they are
really fighting for their own skins
now and not merely to extend the
Nazi hierarchy's lease on power and
life. But sooner or later even the
most unintelligent citizen of the
Reich must surely see through that.
BY land and air, in any event, Ger
many is going to be pounded until
it submits. Nothing Hitler, Goeb-
bells or the Gestapo may say or do
will effect a compromise on that.
This time, unlike the last, our VIC
tory must be so total and uncond-
ditional that the Fatherland will
not feel eager, in another genera
ton or so, to take up the sword
again against mankind.