davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
St. Paul recorder., 1944-03-17

lesson the white man has tried
for centuries to keep from them
through the necessity of their use
to combat a common enemy.
Constructive criticism of the
failure of the army and the armed
forces in general to break down
the bars of discrimination and seq
regation should continue by all
means. But this criticism must be
constructive if it is to be at all
effective. The fact that Negroes
today are more sensitive than Jews
on the race question shows that the
policy of criticizing without rhyme
or reason just for the exercise,
more or less, has had a bad effect.
A reason for this situation as per-
tains to Negroes is that criticism
has gotten out of bounds in that
there is no central channel through
which SUCH criticism can be strained
of excess verbage and pointed
along one consistent line. This
brings up the fact that the lack of
the one thing all Negroes want has
never been stated.
The favOrs the army and
the armed forces are doing for
the Negro are thus lost under
the barrage of complaints that
food the war department, the
White House and the various gov
ernmental agencies who have the
job to service racial minOrities. The
constructive thing, it would seem,
would be to recognize the advan-
tages military training under war
time conditions offer the Negro
race as a whole, and to demand
more of them. Once these are
obtained, then seems the time to
demand more of the other things
we all want. Right now the con-
tinual howl for more Negro combat
divisions seems to gain little or
no response from the men most con-
cerned-the men in the service. It
is felt by them, and I have talked
to hundreds, that they're doing all
right as they are-getting highly
technical training free, getting ex-
ercise and instruction in clean,
wholesome living without getting
shot up and killed.
The boys in the camps and those
overseas aren't registering the COM
plants. The complaints that pour
into the War Department are from
men too old or too scared to tote
a gun and who refused to join the
Boy Scouts when they were kids
so afraid were they of a uniform.
Professional agitators, however,
have their place and use. While the
soldiers and sailors aren't squawk-
ing about inactivity in so far as
battle action is concerned, the fact
remains that to build records for
the future, the Negro must in many
instances, be prepared to make the
supreme sacrifice. The question in
the minds of those on the sacrifcial
altar is: GAIL of US shouldn't be
killed. If we are, who's going to be
alive to come back to lead the race
in the greater fight it faces after
the war is over?"
St. Paul recorder., 1944-03-17
Hold Fast

Give out, give all, but don't give in,
Tough easy, lfe's worth livin'
Take it all with heart undaunted,
Your surrender's always wanted
Look up, look out, but don't look down,
Keep just your feet upon the ground,
Win or lose, run each out,
Concede-but never face about.
Contend, defend, but don't depend,
Without some snare folks seldom lend
Great favors oft won by tact,
Yet all is lost when none's paid back.
Bow low, bow down, but don't bow out,
Confidence stave off rout,
The moment folks think they don't need you,
They're choosing someone to succeed you.
Hold on, hold high, hold fast,
You must hold firm if you're to last
Don't lose your grip you can't relax,
One slip, your neck the wellground axe!
james T. Logan
St. Paul recorder., 1944-03-17

School lesson last Sunday. Easter
services will be held at 9:3O a. m.
Sunday, April 9, and decision day in
the Sunday School department will
be held on Palm Sunday.
St. Paul recorder., 1944-03-17
Camphor Memorial Methodist

CamphOr Memorial Methodist
Church Notes: A good attendance
was registered at the morning wor-
ship service last Sunday. Rev.
Clarence T. r. Nelson, pastor, read
and explained the general rules of
The Methodist Church. The men,
bers and friends present at the SER
vice responded very generously to
the appeal made by James C. Curtis,
chairman of the Stewart Board, and
$109.4O was raised on the balance
due on the pastors salary before he
goes to conference on March 26.
The pastor preached a brief, but
timely sermon on the subject Goods
Great Love for Man"
After the sermon, the altar was
filled with those seeking prayer.
Five persons joined the church.
They are Mrs. Clara Bell Lowery
and her two sons, Wilson and Ed
ward, from the Methodist Church,
West Point, Miss; Mrs. Mabel Ellis,
from the Grant Memorial A. M. E..
Church, Chicago, and Naomi Zach
ary on profession of faith. Visitors
included Roger Neal of the U. S.
Navy, a brother Of Cecil, Earsell
and Bishop Neal; C. H. Griffin, W.
Squire Neal and John Furr, who is
an assistant at the Neal Funeral
Home.
Goods Great Desire for Man"
will be the subject of the sermon
at II a. m. Sunday, March 10, by
our pastor, Rev. Nelson. A pro-
gram of unusual interest will be
rendered at 7:45 p. m. Rev. A.
Beckendorf, who was missionary
in the Philippines, will show pic
lures of these islands, that have
been in enemy hands for two years.
Rev. Beckendorf will render several
whistling solos, accompanied by his
wife.
The Annual Conference Roll Call
will be made on Sunday, March 26,
and Rev. Nelson will preach his
final sermon before going to the
annual conference at II a. m. Visi-
tors and new members will be the
special guests, with the pastor,
from z to 9 p. m. the same day.
Pilgrim Baptist Church: At the
morning services last Sunday, Rev.
S. E. Ware, pastor of Pilgrim,
preached on the second words from
the cross, '"This day Thou shalt be
with Me in Paradise" Mrs. Winona
Minis, guest soloist, sang, Glide Me
in Thou Bosom" and "Just Wait a
Little While" Pfc. Ira D. Dorsey,
on furlough from Ft. Belvoire, Va,
Pvt. Bofe Adams, Atlanta, Ga,
Miss I. Myrtle Garden, from st.
Philips Church, John Patton, from
St. James A. M. E. Church, and
C. L. Rogers, New Industrial Sec
retary of the st. Paul Urban
League, were among the visitors.
The flowers on the altar were
given by Mrs. I. B. Smith in men,
ory of Mrs. Florence Brown.
Rev. Wares sermon next Sunday
morning will be "My God, My God,
Why Hast Thou Forsaken Me?"
A. J. Thornton, Minneapolis, will
be guest soloist.
The twilight services will be COM
bined with the observances of the
forty-fourth anniversary services of
the Ladies' Aid Society at A p. m.
DR.. Isaac Fisher will be the speaker.
Rev. David Ramsey, assistant
Chaplain. reviewed the Sunday
Evening star., 1944-05-19
Soerubuiu
Continued From First Page.)

surface fighting ships and subma-
rines-the latter craft to which the
Dutch gave much attention. Later
extensive seaplane facilities also
were installed.
Soerabaja, which fell to the Japa-
nese in March, 1912, at that time was
the last big Pacific naval base west
OF Hawaii available to the Allies.
The Dutch, however, saw to it that
little was left for the immediate use
of the enemy. Oil storage tanks and
docks and other maritime facilities
were dynamited.
But the japanese have had more
than two years to rebuild and in
stall new equipment.
Damage to or destruction of these
facilities will further aggravate the
maritime difficulties of the Japa-
neSe.
Netherlands officials believe that
IN addition to the military value of
an attack on Soreabaja, it demon
strates to the native population of
the Indies the growing weakness of
their japanese conquerors and
shows the intention of the Dutch to
return. A large majority of the
moro than 100000 population of
Java Is native. Soerabaja's normal
population was $4,000.
Evening star., 1944-05-19
WoIIoce's II Votes Top Poll
In Senate on Vice President

vote each: Circuit Judge Sherman
Minton, former Indiana Senator:
Henry ]. Kaiser, shipbuilder; Gov.
j. M. Broughton of North Carolina
and James A. Farley, New York
State Democratic chairman.
OF those unwilling to express a
choice, three said they were against
Mr.. Wallace's denomination and one
said a Southerner ought to be
chosen. On the other hand, some
OF those who named others as their
personal choice said they were pre-
pared to support Mr.. Wallace if the
President should indicate he wants
the same ticket in 1914 as that
which won in 1910.
Although Mr.. Wallace was two
to-one favOrite over the next high
est man, 20 votes were cast for other
potential candidates despite his po-
sition as presiding officer of the
Senate. This apparently repre-
sented a belief on the part of some
of the Senators that another can
didate would strengthen q ticket
more than Mr.. wallace.
Evening star., 1944-05-19
Printers Return to Work
At Wilkes-Borre Popers

WILKES-BARRE, Pa, May 10
Capitalization of the Wilkes
Barre Times-Leader Evening News
and the Wilkes-Barre Record
(morning) was resumed today as
printers returned to work after an
ll-day stoppage in a contract dis
pute. 80
The Wilkes-B Barre Publishing Co.
publisher of both dailies, announced
that an agreement was reached with
Local 1877, international Typograph-
1cal Union, yesterday afternoon.
The local said the proposal was
ratified at membership meeting
this morning.
Under the agreement, the parties
signed q contract for the period
October !, 1912, to October l, 1943.
and arranged to resume negotia-
tions for 1914 contract Tuesday at
a session to be attended by Harry
Young, representing the United
States Cancellation Service.
The contract embodied a 81 a
week wage increase authorized by
the Newspaper Panel of the Sixth
Regional War Labor Board. The
dispute had been over what period
should be covered in contract en-
bodying this increase.
The publishing company said in a
statement last night that the Con-
ciliation Service representative was
sent here "to return the local news
papers to the public at this critical
period in American history"
Evening star., 1944-05-19

ed the Distinguished Service Medal
for commanding the Air Forces In
the early Soloanons campaign.
Hoover Directed Aircraft.
Admiral Hoover was commander
of the Central Pacific force and di-
rector of all shore-based aircraft in
the invasion Of the Marshall Islands.
During the last war he commanded
a destroyer in European waters. He
became an aviator in 1929 and since
has commanded carriers. He also
served as commander Of the Carib-
bean Sea frontier until August, 1943.
when he was assigned to the Pacific
Fleet.
Capt. Owen attended Mckinley
High School and George Washing
ton University before serving In the
Navy In the last war as patrol
plane pilot OF the coast Of Ireland.
He also was a pilot on the first
transcontinental flight Of naval air
craft in 1921.
Evening star., 1944-05-19
|MacArthur's Seizure
OF Wakde Gives Him
Strategic Air Base
By the Associated Press,

By the Associated Press.
ADVANCED ALLIED HEAD
QUARTERS, New Guinea, May
19.-Another lightning stab in
Gen. Douglas MacArthur's ac-
celerated Philippines bound Of
fensive today gave the Allies
virtual possession of strategic
Wakde Island, a potential base
for:
/. Throwing a fighter-plane UNI
brella for bombers over all the rest
of Japanese held Northwestern New
Guinea;
2. Battering Halmahera, enemy
island guardian between Gen. Mac
Arthur and the Philippines, to which
he has vowed to return
8. Pounding Palau, japanese naval
stronghold along the Carolines ap-
proaches to the Philippines.
4. Increasing bomber blows against
the Netherlands Indies.
Gen. MacArthurs latest leap
frogging tactics, covered by air and
naval bombardment, gave him most
of Wakde Island and a quickly
widened beachhead on the adjacent
Dutch New Guinea mainland within
36 hours, today's communique dis
closed.
An American amphibious task
force landed hardened 9Th Army
troops, veterans of the Hollandia-
Aitape landings less than a month
ago, on the mainland beach near
Toem. ITO miles northwest of Hol-
landia, at dawn Wednesday.
BY nightfall, thev had famed out
up and down the coast for miles
and taken small Insoemanai Island,
southernmost of the two comprising
Wakde.
These landings were unopposed.
"The enemy was completely sur
prised and his defense negligible, ~
the communique said
Rocket guns and naval guns
bombers and fighters blasted the
Evening star., 1944-05-19
19-Yeor-OId Tony Of Brooklyn
Enters Battle Without q Worry

green valley behind us which is
Garigliano. Then he pointed to
the other side of the valley.
"All those hills back there" he
said. "They took a lot of fighting,
too. Hundreds of other guys have
done this before. This time it's
my turn. Well, I'm glad we are
going to 60 ahead again. I figure
the right thing for us to do is get
on with the fighting and get this
damn thing over with. No, I'm not
afraid now. All those guys have
done it. So can l."
Tony went back to his sewing and
I looked around. The men were
sitting in small groups talking
softly. Now and then, a laugh rang
out. Men were cleaning their guns
and checking over their equipment
Near us, a tall fellow with curly,
blond hair was stuff1ng rife shells
deep into the pocket of his combat
jacket, he saw me looking at him
and grinned sheepishly.
Pleased With Picture of Family.
I'm just testing 1t out to see
how many I can carry because I'm
going out loaded for bear" he said.
Tony looked up from his sewing
again.
II got a swell letter from home
yesterday" he said, with lot of
pictures of the family" He tapped
his breast pocket. Il got them right
here-I'm going to take them on
with me. What a break having
those pictures come up now"
A big shell from our artillery in
the valley rustled through the air
on its way to the German lines.
Tony pulled the last stitch tight and
bit off the thread.
my mother wrote and said she
hoped we'd get along again soon
and that she knew when we got
started we were going to really give
them the business" he said. "It's
swell to know that she isn't worried
so much. She's got the right spirit,
Evening star., 1944-05-19
Woman Dies of Burns
After Row With Husband

Mrs. Sarah F. Edwards, %, COL
ored, 80 Fenton court NV, who
police said, drenched her clothing
with kerosene and then ignited it
with match following an argument
with her husband Wednesday, died
of burns last night in Gallnger
Hospital.
DR.. A. Magruder Macdonald, Dis
trict coroner, is investigating. He
will question James Edwards, the
woman's husband, today, police said
Evening star., 1944-05-19

argued today the extension move
should be in separate bill and
that the extension should be "tem-
porary," until Congress has passed
permanent legislation.
Burton at Hearing.
Senator Burton was hearing testi-
mony on the need of new and better
housing for colored families. Mrs.
Virginia r. Mcclure, chairman OF
the Emergency Committee on Hous-
ing in Metropolitan Washington
and Mrs. Pauline R. Coggs, execu-
tive secretary of the Washington
Urban League, testified.
Tomorrow, at another session, the
Burton subcommittee will hear pro-
posals by Maj. Gen. U. S. Grant
III, chairman of the Park and
Planning Commission, and Corpora
ton Counsel Richmond B. Keech
on legislation needed to postpone
the dead line on alley occupancy
and other steps necessary to permit
continuation of the NCHA program
until Congress passes bill govern
ing the future rehousing program.
Evening star., 1944-05-19
Er the AsSnciatad press

by the Associated Press.
Forty-one Democratic Senators
naming their choices for the partys
vice presidential nomination in an
Associated Press poll today gave II
votes to Incumbent Henry A. Wal
lace and split the rest among 10
other possible candidates.
Fifty-three of the Senates So
Democrats were asked to name their
personal choice for second place on
a ticket most of them now believe
will be headed by President Roose-
welt. Give could not be reached).
Of those polled, IL said they had
not made up their minds; sup
ported Speaker Rayburn of the
House; each voted for Senate Ma
jority Leader Barkley, and chair
man Truman of the Senate's War
Investigating Committee, and 4
named War Mobilization Director
James F. Byrnes, a former South
Carolina Senator.
Three members suggested Senator
Gillette of Iowa, Senator OMaho-
ney Of Wyoming was the choice of
two and the following received ope
Evening star., 1944-05-19

was a great aerial battle, in which
63 American bombers were lost.
The Mediterranean Allied Air
Force, which was diverted from the
CO. ordinated north-south offensive
week ago for close support of
Allied armies in the new Italian
drive, broke its end of the lull yester-
day with an attack on the Romanian
oil reflneries at PIoesti and rail
yards in Yugoslavia at Belgrade and
Mis-, and in Romania at Turnu-
Severn. At least 13 Of more than
100 German fighters encountered at
Ploesti were shot down.
Evening star., 1944-05-19
$1,000 Workers Kepi
Off Job by Strikes in
Scattered Sections
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
More than a dozen labor disputes
in widely scattered sections of the
country continued today, keeping
an estimated $4,000 workers away
from their jobs.
While controversies at some
plants have reached the stage
whereby employees Immediately re-
turned to work and others were to
resume their jobs Monday, new dis
putes halted operations at other in
dustries.
The work stoppages, none affect
ing more than 1000 employees at
any individual plant, involved
variety of industries and touched
four sections of the country-in the
East, South, Midwest and West.
Strike of $4,000 Averted.
In Michigan, where disputes in
Detroit and other cities had slowed
production in war plants, operations
were returning to normal. A threat
ened general strike of $4,000 mem
bers Of Detroit locals of the AFL
Teamsters Union was averted yes
terday, following the end of the
strike of the independent Fore
mans Association of America
Wednesday.
The proposed teamsters' strike
was prevented after conference of
regional War Labor Board officials
and spokesmen for rival AFL and
CIO unions. Spokesmen for the CIO
United Brewery, Flour, Cereal and
Soft Drink Workers agreed to with
draw pickets from a Detroit soft
drink plant involved in a. jurisdic-
tional controversy between the CIO
affiliate and the rival AFL teamsters
Two Walkouts End.
Workers in two plants ended their
walkouts last night, while in Birm-
ingham, two separate disputes
caused 1900 employees to leave their
jobs. About 1900 workers of the
Pullman Standard Car Manufactur-
ing Co. walked out, virtually stop
ping production of freight cars at
the Bessemer plant, while approxi-
mately 1000 miners walked out of
SOul o1l lAAlllSlldkkl COdA llllllCS.
The 5000 striking employees of the
Mack Manufacturing Co. of Allen
town, Pa, voted last night to return
to work, accepting recommendations
of United Automobile Workers
Union leaders. In response to a
plea from leader of the Interna-
tional Brotherhood of Structural,
Bridge and Ornamental Workers
(AFL), between 300 and 425 iron
workers and riggers returned to their
jobs on a war project near Clinton,
Tenn.
A strike of 125 AFL machinists
which has been in effect week at
the Granite City, ILL.,, Steel Co,
forced halt in production of steel
plates for the Navy.
The War Labor Board today di-
rected union officials to call off the
strike, declaring it "is seriously
interfering with the production of
critical material necessary to the
effective prosecution of the war and
must be terminated Immediately.
The board said approximately
1900 workers were idle.
Evening star., 1944-05-19
way for the Yanks coming out of
the landing boats.

way for the Yanks coming out OF
the landing boats.
BY noon yesterday, they had
stormed ashore on Insoemoear
(Wakde) behind a whitening barrage
OF bursting rockets, shells and bomb
ers. There was japanese pillbox re-
sistance here but not much Within
an hour the Yanks had pinned the
enemy defenders back against
Wakde's vital airfield. 1t was the
last-ditch stand for the Japanese
whom, Gen. MacArthur's communi-
que said, "our troops are rapidly
overcoming"
Possession of the airfield, the gen.
erals communique said, will give
us adequate air coverage over all of
Dutch New Guinea and success of
the operation presages reconquest of
the entire province"
At last report, the Yanks were
running against heavy mortar fire
as they fought for the 4,7O0-foot
coral runway. Up to that time, they
Evening star., 1944-05-19
Raids
Continued From First Page. }

over Osnabruck, where the "heavies'
bombed railroad yards last Saturday
in the concluding strike from Brit
ain in the month-long offensive.
Berlin or its environs apparently
took a heavy pasting, because DNB
on returning to the air after the
shutdown started confused repeat
broadcast of yesterdays high COM
mand communique.
The same thing happened after
the big American raid on Berlin
April 20, and apparently was due
to disruption of broadcasting facili-
ties presumably located in or close
to Berlin. Transocean, meanwhile
merely beat out its code inter
val" signal minute after minute
also a symptom of disruption.
On the April % raid there also
Evening star., 1944-05-19

had lost only four men since they
hit the beach at Toem. Twenty
eight were wounded. Thirty Japa-
nese were killed.
Headquarters spokesmen said the
Wakde strip was 50 situated that
1t could be heightened to 1000 feet
enough for Liberators to take of
with a full load.
Evening star., 1944-05-19
BY NEWBOLD MOVES, Jr.,
Star War Correspondent,

WITH THE 5th ARMY, May 13
(Delayed Antonio Leonardo Vim
cenzo Bocchicchio, naked to the
waist, sat on hillside rock day be-
fore yesterday, just out of sight of
the enemy, summing himself and
carefully sewing white strips of cloth
on the sleeves of his shirt so that
when the attack came nobody would
mistake him for one of the Ger
mans. All around here on the hill
side other Americans were doing the
same thing.
Tony is not here today. He is out
ahead of us fighting his way against
whitening enemy fire through the
stone and barbed-wire mountain de-
fenses of the Gustav Line. You
have read lot by now about what
he and others are doing, but l
thought you might like to know
how he felt in those few hours be-
fore he started. He happens to come
from Brooklyn and is only 10, but
that is not important. He seemed
to me to be thoroughly typical OF
the bunch up here, although he
isn't very laxative.
This was to be his first attack
though he had been at the front
several months. He had grown
used to the sounds of shells and
had been out on patrol, but had
never seen a battle.
Says Germans Should Worry.
mo-" he said, "this is first time.
No, I'll not worry. Why should
be worried? It's those guys over
there who ought to do the worry
ing. Wait till we get out of here
you'll see I know we're going to
take that hill. They won: be able
to hold u.s."
Probably it was not the right
thing to do, but I asked him again
whether he was not afraid for him.
self. He thought about it for a
few seconds, looking back across the
Evening star., 1944-05-19
PTA Here to Present
BuIIet Tomorrow Niqht

A ballot and tap dancing recital.
featuring 10 children in dancing
classes Of the Cooke Elementary
School, win be presented at 8 pm.
tomorrow by the District Congress
Of Parents and Teachers.
Evening star., 1944-05-19
D. {. Man Nominated
Vice Admiral, Another
To Be Commodore

President Roosevelt today NOM
mated two rear admirals, one OF
them from Washington to be vice
admirals. and Washington cap
tain to be a commodore.
Nominated to be vice admirals were
Rear Admiral Marc A. Mitscher,
Westchester Apartments, command
er of the airplane carrier Hornet
when she carried the Doolittle
bombers on the Tokyo raid, and
Rear Admiral John H. Hoover OF
Hillsboro, Wis.
Both had held the rank of vice
admiral while commanding task
forces in the Pacific, but the new
nominations will assure them the
advanced rank for the duration re-
gardless Of their assignments.
Capt. George T. Owen, Highland
Apartments, was nominated to be
commodore.
Mitscher Headed Task Forces.
Admiral Mitscher also command
ed the carrier task force supporting
the units which captured the Mar
shall Islands and delivered q neu-
tralizing blow at Wake Island, and
he was in command of the force
which struck at Palau and other
enemy strongholds March 20 and 80.
He has served several tours of
duty here, commanding the Naval
Air Station at Anacostia, and serv-
ing in the Navy Departments Bu-
reau of Aeronautics. He was award