davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1944-02-16
Degree Conferred

The Entered Apprentice degree
was conferred on four candidates
at the special communication of
Phoenix Lodge number 10. F. and
A. NJ, Tuesday evening in the Ma.
sonic Temple lodge room. James
Bell .worshipful master, presided
in the East and announced that the
Entered Apprentice degree will be
conferred on candidates again next
Tuesday evening.
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1944-02-16
ATTENTION
CITY SUBSCRIBERS

Ths YpsiIanti Daily .'ress
wishes all subscribers to re-
ceive their papers regularly
and promptly. In case OF poor
or non.delivery OF the Daily
Press phone the Press Office
at 40 before 5 p. m. or . .. m.
Saturday.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1944-11-23
Meany Assai|s Delay In Raising Pay
BAKERS UNION HEAD
STRESSES IMPORTANCE
OF ORGANIZATION

Indianapolis OLNS)-Emphasizine
the importance of organization in the
period after the war, William c,
Birthright, general president-secre-
tary-treasurer of the Journeymer
BARRIERS. Hairdressers and Cosmetol-
ogists' International Union says in
the unions official journal:
eve face postwar period which
can be one of continuous economic
improvement if we will thoroughly
organize and render service to our
fellow-workers through our organiza-
tion. Waiting for the postwar period
will not accomplish this result. 1t is
our duty and responsibility to prepare
ourselves now with organization ma
chinery to meet the adjustment
period, and to continue to hold our
economic gains through collective
understanding.
81 urge our local union officers and
to be ready to give the
fullest service to maintain our pres
ent economic standards. Our services
TO promote our own national preser-
walton through organization is the
responsibility of every officer and
of our organization and in
dustry. And by these services we as
sure our fellow workers of our con-
tinued place in the economic sum-"
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1944-11-23
u. s. AGENCY ASKS
RESEARCH TO DEVELOP
BUILDING MATERIALS

Washington, ID. C. QLNS). - Re
search aimed at the development oi
more efficient building materials anc
to devise more effective means OF
using them so that far greater pro
portion of American families can af-
ford to buy new homes was recon-
mended in study OF Housing
Costs" made public by the National
Housing Agency.
The study disclosed that 60 per
cent of the total cost of an average
single family dwelling is represented
by the "shell" of the house the
structural enclosure, including the
foundation, roof, floors and walls.
Therefore, it was concluded that the
most promising approach to bringing
down the cost of a house lies in the
field of devising new and less costly
materials out of which the "shell" is
constructed.
A foreword to the MIA report,
which was prepared by the Technical
Division, declared: "If housing is to
assume its proper place in the ma
tional economy, costs must be sub
stantially reduced without sacrificing
standards of quality"
The report considered only items of
cost involved in he construction, main
tenance and ownership of houses. AL
though it was limited to single family
houses, most Of the conclusions reach
ed apply to rental properties as well.
The report did not include a study Of
methods of financing but said:
although the reduction of interest
rates, property taxes, and mainten
ance expenses are important in any
of ways to reduce the
cost of owning or renting houses, by
far the most effective way to reduce
cost of home ownership is
to secure reductions in the capital
cost of the house and land"
For example, the survey showed,
that if 20 per cent reduction in the
cost of the property Gland and house)
is achieved, it is more than 3 times
as effective in reducing monthly costs
as 20 per cent reduction in the rate
of interest charged for mortgage
loan
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1944-11-23
Members Of


(Confinned From PAGE Onr)
ress over such targets as Berlin,
Dusseldorf and other hot targets in
the Ruhr, including one in which his
was the only plane to return of the
entire squadron. Jack is now taking
well deserved rest at our Atlantic
City Air Base.
Our contribution to the $5500O
War Chest Drive for Trenton's quota
was substantial and we wish to thank
our members for their support in this
worthy cause.
One Of the prime purposes of your
union is to protect you from the un-
fair practices of the speed merchant
who would make your days work un-
bearable and an impossibility to pro-
duce a first class days work. A mem
Der brought before us for this offense,
pleaded guilty and was fined six
months dues.
Our entertainment committee did
a swell job on the food and refresh
ments and anyone not going home
full of vitamins was on diet. -
o. c. As.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1944-11-23
Green. MednY. Woll
Head Union Fund

William Green, president of the
American Federation of Labor, will
serve as honorary chairman of the
Free Trade Union Committee of the
Labor League for Human Rights,
Matthew Woll, president of the Com
mittee, announced this week. George
Meany, secretary treasurer of the
AFL, will act as honorary secretary.
The Free Trade Union Committee,
Mr.. Woll said in making this an
nouncement, has been set up to aid in
the rebuilding of democratic trade
union movements in Europe, Asia,
and South America. A minimum of
81 100000 will be raised from AFL
members through the Committee in
order to supply vitality needed prac-
tical assistance to the democratic
forces Within labor movements
abroad.
Arrangements have been made for
meeting to be held in New Orleans
during the AFL convention, at which
delegates to the convention and other
AFL officials will be fully informed
of the aims of the Free Trade Unoin
Committee, the reasons for it's or
ganization, and the methods by which
the Committees mllion-dollar fund
will be raised, administered and dis
bursed
In accepting the position of honor
airy chairman Of the Free Trade
Union Committee, Mr.. Green wrote:
Freedom from Nazi domination is
a fact in France, Belgium, Luxem-
bourg, and parts of Italy and Hol-
land. 1t is fast approaching for the
other occupied countries of Europe.
But freedom from the consequences
of Nazi rule will not be fact for the
workers of these countries until their
free trade union movements have
been strengthened and rebuilt, until
a democratic labor movement can be-
gin to regain for workers abroad all
the rights which have been lost in the
last four tragic years.
"The democratic forces in the trade
union movement abroad are continu-
ing in their fight against all forms of
totalitarianism, and in the fight for
political and industrial democracy
they will have the whoehearted sup
port of the American Federation of
Labor"
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1944-11-23

faClnS Tor QemODlllZaClOn.
Views similar to those of DR..
Waller have been expressed by MEM
bers of the American Federation Of
Teachers.
Schools are now so seriously under
stated that they cannot completely
counteract the inevitable chaotic
conditions of the postwar period"
DR.. Waller told the Council on HUI
man Relations of the New Jersey
Education Association. He predicted
for this period not only increased
juvenile delinquency as a result of
"our neglect of our public school sys
TENS which we have allowed to de-
teriorate beyond all reason" but fur
ther declines in standards of morality
and family life.
Solution Held Imperative
However, the veterans problem is
the most important" DR..
Waller added. "Its solution is crucial.
We must avoid our policy of paying
too little to the wrong people and pro-
vide help and understanding, which
can only be furnished on the COM
munity level"
The CT Bill of Rights does not
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1944-11-23
Nationwide Bible
Reading Endorsed
BY Labor Leaders
Passages For 33-DdY Period
Chosen Through Notion
wide Poll

New York City OLNS)-A Nation
wide Bible Reading from Thanksgiv-
ing to Christmas, in which millions of
American service men and women
and their families and great numbers
of other Americans are expected to
join, is being sponsored by the Ameri-
can Bible Society and two national
sponsoring committees formed for
this purpose.
The national sponsoring committee
of laymen, composed of leaders in
various fields, includes William
Green, president of the American
Federation of Labor and A. F. Whit
ney, president of the Brotherhood Of
Railroad Trainmen.
Announcing the nationwide Bible
reading, the American Bible Society
said:
Hundreds of thousands of men
and women in the armed forces and
multitudes at home are finding the
Bible an inspiration and guide now
as never before. BY more extended
and simultaneous reading now by
those in service and by those of us at
home a spiritual bond will be created
that will be full of meaning for
of families and that will
make a priceless contribution to their
hope and faith.
Through a nationwide poll of pas
tors and Army and Navy chaplains,
Bible passages most helpful in times
like these have been chosen. The pas
sages receiving the largest number of
votes are being designated one for
each Of the 33 days between Thanks
giving and Christmas. Bookmark
eafets listing the passages with
helpful suggestions on how to get the
most out of the reading are being
in large quantities s to
churches and chaplains for wide dis
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1944-11-23
Smith Committee
Booking Drive To
Loot War Workers
Virginion Employs Pressure
Tactics To Weoken
Rent Control

Profit hungry land ords have
launched another drive to high-pres-
sure the Office of Price Administra-
tion into breaking down its rent con-
troll program.
The opening gun is to be fired by a
special House committee, headed by
Congressman Howard W. Smith, re-
dictionary Virginian and large prop
erty owner.
Smith has called hearings and de-
clares he intends to "rake OPA Off
cials over the Goals"
The object is to get the OPA to
repeal or modify regulations to per-
NIT landlords to demand security
deposits" from tenants - in other
words, to demand prepayment Of rent
in excess of OPA ceilings.
The OPA declares it was compelled
to outlaw this practice because it was
being used as means of evading
rent ceilings and was threatening the
success of the control program.
IL OPA were to submit to the de-
mands of the Smith committee, it
would result in the payment over a
short period of 400,000,O00 above
maximum rents, OPA officials said.
They denied that security de-
posits" are necessary to protect land
lords against damage done by war
workers.
Scurrilous Attack On Workers
u
the patriotic war worker who has up
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1944-11-23
Employment Gdin
Cited In Report
Fight On Child Labor Loses
Ground As Totdl Rises
To 100000

New York City QLNS)-Organizet
labor's warnings against lowering O.
child labor standards are borne ou
by National Child Labor Commit
tee report, revealing unprecedented
wartime increases in employment o.
boys and girls, both legal and illegal
With the rise in child labor have
come drops in school enrolment anc
lowering Of legislative standards
which trade unionists and sociologists
declare promise no good for the fu-
ture of the nation.
The child labor committees report
marking it's 10th anniversary, is by
Mrs. Gertrude Folks Zimand, general
secretary. Titled "The Long Road"
the report was written by Mrs. Flor
ence Taylor of the committees staff.
Reverse Trends Noted
Advances in child labor and COM
pulsory education laws had brought
about a marked decrease in child la
Dor and marked increase in school
attendance during the 40 years since
the National Child Labor Committee
began it's activities in 1904" the COM
mittee said.
High school enrolment, which in
creased by 100000 students between
1920 and 1910 to reach an all-time
high of 7,244,00Q students in 1910,
went into reverse then; there are
1,C00,C00,000 fewer students in high
school today than in 1910. This loss
is mainly due, not to the draft but
to the great increase in the number
of boys and girls who have left school
to work." lHa
The report pointed out that at the
time of peak enrolment the number
of employed children Ia to II years
old had decreased to $4,000, or L.
100000 less than had been employed
in 1920
The reverse trend that started with
the war and reduced high school Ell
rollment by 100000 students-turn-
ing it back to the 1884 level-also
raised the number of employed chill
dren Ia to II years old to 100000,
or 100000 more than in 1920.
State Law Weaknesses Cited
''The flood of bills to relax child
labor and compulsory educa zion
laws" the report added, $50 far has
been held in check sufficiently to pre-
vent wholesale breakdown of legal
but the flood of young
children into industry has been
to check because of exist
ing weaknesses in state laws, most of
which still permit children to leave
school for work at IA, and many of
which fail to set any age or hour
limits for large number Of occupa-
tions.
"The amount of illegal employment
that has sprung up along with legal
has made the problem of
enforcement almost insuperable, for
most of the children are employed in
thousands of small local establish
ments and the large majority of
states have no more inspectors than
they had before the child employment
boom.'
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1944-11-23

Occasionally we entertain the awful
that we bore some people as
painfully as certain people bore us.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1944-11-23

duction and full employment" Meany
asserted.
"Dehation and depression mean" +"
he continued, "that the high hopes OF
our soldiers and workers for post
war world of full production and full
employment will not be realized.
High Wage Economy Vital
"In the final analysis, this means
that while we now can clearly en-
vision victory on the fighting fronts,
we can just as clearly see complete
economic defeat and chaos on the
home front after the war.
Meany declared that the policy of
winning the peace" was linked with
jobs at decent wages for millions OF
American soldiers once the war is
over. Up to now, however, he said,
"the idea of jobs for all after the war
has been just so much talk"
He asserted that there could not be
full employment or high national
income or 60,C00,000 jobs except on
"the basis of high-wage economy"
Ridiculous Suggestion" Hit
He opposed the idea that rigid
curbs on wages be maintained until
the end of the war, when hourly wage
rates would be raised "high enough
to provide the same pay envelope for
4O-hour week as the worker is now
getting for 48-hour week with over
time rates.
"What this means, in effect" he de-
clared, ais to continue the wage
freeze and when plants are shutting
down by thousands all over the coun-
try and when mass unemployment is
an accomplished fact, we should in
crease wage rates 30 per cent over
our present rates." L,aycatoo
"This suggestion is so ridiculous
that it scarcely needs comment. The
tendency of all employers would be to
reduce rather than to maintain or
raise wage rates. The time to provide
for the adequate purchasing power
we must have for full postwar en-
ployment is now"
Higher Pay Benefits All
In ending his address, Meany point
ed out that the AFL has been fight
ing for action on the vital problem
Of wages for many months, said the
federation was making the fight out
of desire to serve the interests of the
nation as whole and added:
Increased purchasing power in the
hands of the consumer is a good thing |
for the manufacturer, the merchant
and the banker, just as it is good
thing for the working man.
"If the manufacturer, the merchant |
and the banker want postwar pros
perity instead of WPA and home re-
lief, they must do more than wish
and hope. They can and should join
with labor in its fight for high-wage
economy in the postwar days without
which we cannot realize our ardent /
hopes for full production, and full
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1944-11-23

I'm not sure which is more exhaust
ing-talking or listening.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1944-11-23
Educator Asks Immediate
Return Of 100000 Teachers
Now In The Armed Forces {
SCHOOLS HELD SERIOUSLY UNDERSTAFFED;
SEE INCREASE IN JUVELINE DELINQUENCY

New York City QLN Schools throughout the nation will
be able their the solution the veterans prob
lens unless the 100000 teachers in military service
turned to their casrooms possible Dr. Willard Waller
Associate Profess Sociology at Barnard College, warned here
Urging approval of resolution asking immediate return of
trained teachers to civilian lfe Dr. Waller said
GAS teachers spared should be returned at
their communities The others should priority
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1944-11-23

rooted himself and his family to make
an essential contribution to the war
effort" an OPA official said.
"Such a statement comes with poor
grace from landlords who are at
tempting to exploit the emergency by
evading the rent control laws and
keeping essential war workers from
moving to critical war jobs by charg-
ing prohibitive security deposits!"
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1944-11-23
AFI Official, CONDEMNS
FROZEN WAGE POLICY AS
NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS.
HOME FRONT CHAOS SEEN UNLESS
PAY POLICY IS SPEEDILY CHANGED

Washington, D. c. QLNS)-Uness the governments wage
policy changed the nation faces defeat chaos the home
'front.' George Meany American Federation of Labor secretary
treasurer declared in nationwide radio address,
1.-The present frozen policy stands almost
mounabe obstacle in the of postwar domestic Of
full employment" Secretary Treasurer Meany warned
An extended period of deaon and depression is coming
wage freeze policy modified to the extent
vital purchasing must have for full
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1944-11-23
War Labor Board Approves
Retroactive Pay Increases

New York City (lLNS).-The Re-
gional War Labor Board has APP
proved retroactive wage increases for
24,00 service workers in lofts, office
and apartment buildings here. Union
officials say the retroactive increase
will amount to $l,C06,000 and with an
additional $630,000 payable until the
end of the contract, bringing the an
nual amount of the increases to about
81 ,636,000
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1944-11-23

solve the veterans problem," nor
will any legislation, DR.. Waller said.
Behind any program must be an en-
lightened public opinion and in the
program school executives and out
standing teachers must serve as
leaders, he asserted.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1944-11-23
HOLIDAY TRAVEL CURB ASKED

Washington, D. C. (ILNS). = En-
ployers, governmental and private,
have been asked not to grant leaves
or time-off to workers, where inter-
city travel is involved, from Dec. Ia
through Jan. 8. The office of Defense
Transportation made the request in
an effort to curb holiday-season
travel
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1944-11-23
The Four Freedoms

fConfinned From Pa0r One)
pires and to assist with the division
of Europe for Moscow and London?
eff the latter is true, we may as
well start getting ready for World
War III now"
The Daily Alaska empire., 1944-02-25

munication with the White House.
 The President himself disclosed he was out of town when he urged Senator Barkley not to resign, but no official explanation of his ab- sence was forthcoming.
 Roosevelt, however, contracted in fluenza shortly after Christmas, and the case was severe enough for him to drop ten pounds in weight. His physician, Admiral McIntire, has been urging him to get out of the capital and take it easy for a time and regain his health.
 On only a few occasions since Pearl Harbor have reporters been invited to travel with the President. This is the first instance in which because of important news develop mefts, they have followed the Presi- dential party without invitation.
 In Washington, Presidential Sec retary Stephen Early reported the President is keeping in closest touch with the White House, and any news from him will be given out at the White House, because while he is away he is strictly off the record. :"
The Daily Alaska empire., 1944-02-25
5TEYR PLANT. I5SMASHEDBY. WELLINGT0N5.
Austrian F Factory City Is Pounded as Fires Blaze
 from Former Raid

1 NAPLES, Feb. 25 = Royal Air Force Wellingtons from Italy smashed a German aircraft factory at Steyr, Austria. last night, while lit was still blazing from the Fort ress attacks of the two preceding days.
 The Mediterranean Allied Air Force announced that one forma- tion of Wellingtons bombed the Daimler factory. while larger Vel lington formations attacked the built up areas and the railroad. Reconnaissance showed extensive damage to the Steyr plants.
 Swarms of German fighters came about 100 miles ahead of the tar gets yesterday and met. the Fort resses near Klagenfurt just across the Alps and stuck with the raiders through an hour of furious battle until after the bomb runs.
 Sixteen Fortresses were lost and 36 German craft downed
The Daily Alaska empire., 1944-02-25

home. in business and in all rela- tions.
 "Remember that this is America and that you are now Americans and that we should have no lan- guage here but our language, and that our American laws and GUS toms are now your laws and GUS toms and should be universally used and applied by you and all who live under our flag
 Tn this country, every man is a king We, the people, are the sov- ereigns. We make our own laws, through our elected representatives and enforce them in the same way.
 Hence it is your duty to study and understand our government and how it functions, as well as our problems, so that you may take your place among us as intelligent, re- sponsible citizens, capable of coping with our problems, and of helping us to make our now common country a better, freer and happier country than it has ever been before"
 The program was highligted by a color guard from the American Le- zion and the Oath of Allegiance to the United States was led by Rob- ert E. Coughlin, Clerk of the Court.
 Pledge of Allegiance to the Flag was led by Edward L. Keithahn, Commander of the Juneau Post, American Legion, and the presenta- tion of the United States Flags to the class was made by M E. Mon aele. Past Exalted Ruler of the B. P. O. Elks.
 Following is list of the new citi- zens:
 Alex Adolf, Kalia Albegoff, George Nicolas Angel. Martin Antonsen, John Bear, John Ellis Bellman, Sigurd Bendiksen, Mary Burke, Chris Elas Botagov, Arne Rangvald Dorum, Minnie Edson, Marye Berne Ehler, Mike Gemoff, Al Holmes, Alex Kalisoff, Julius Lund, John Makela. John Maurstad, John Walfrid Will helm Mortinson, Frances Ann Nell son, Jacob Martin Olsen, Katherine Therese Pasquan, Hjalmar Peterson, Martin Johansen Rian, Agnes Will son Reiss, Edith Murphy Robertson, Ali Andersen Skaflestad, Isabelle Skuse, Stephen Stanworth. Francis Theodore Sterling, Lucia Stromberg, Berthe Helen Vienola, Roy Holmes Whitmore.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1944-02-25
DRAGER IS C0NTE5TINC
 FILING NOW
Anchorage Candidate for Attorney General
 Files Suit

ANCHORAGE, Alaska, Feb. 25.- Karl Drager. Democratic candidate for Territorial attorney general, filed action in U. s. District Court here seeking to restrain Alaska election officials from printing the names of his opponents on the primary election ballots on the grounds they failed to properly file their candidates.
 Drager seeks to eliminate the names of Ralph J. Rivers of Fair banks, Democrat, and Harry G. Mccain, Ketchikan, Republican, from the ballot because they sub mitted their declarations to Juneau by radiogram, instead of sending signed and sworn statements as the law requires.
 Should the court sustain Dragers action he will be without opposi- tion in the April primaries and the general election.
 Hearing in the action has been set for Monday.