davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Dirva = Field. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1915-current, 1944-08-04

gime and desired to see a good
neighbor policy between the Baltic
States and Russia. However, the
1910 "elections", on which the Rus
slams base their illegal" right to
Sovietize Lithuania, Latvia and Es
tonia, are nothing but "a brutal
Justification" of the will of the in
habitants of those. countries. The
Lithuanian and Estonian Social De-
mocrats have concurred in the
statement of the Latvian comraded.
AMONG the three women ap-
pointed immigrant inspectors at
Detroit, Mich, one is the Lithua-
nian girl, Anna Stankus whose two
Dirva = Field. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1915-current, 1944-08-04
sANGLIES . padetis

ne5us tokia kritiska kaip per
eta ziema, skelbia Mayoras
Lausche, po ANGLES pardave-
iu susirinkimo, atlaikyto sio-
mis- dienomis, aptarimui ir ap-
sirupinimui anglimi ateinanciai
ziemai. Angles visi gales gau-
ii 80 MUGS. savo normalio SUI
vartoiimo.
Bet pataria seimoms pirktis
angli dabar, anksciau negu uz-
klups Salciai.
Dirva = Field. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1915-current, 1944-08-04
NELAINES darbuose CT

velande per Balandzio, Gegu-
zes ir Birzelio m3nesius Symet
buvo ir retesnes ir menkesnes
lyginant SUI tue pat bertainiu
1943 metals. zinios patiektos
is 928 industriniu imoniu.
Pernai ia laikotarpi nelai-
miu darbuose istiko 2,484, sy-
met 2,063. Tx mirciu nelai-
minguose atsitikimuose lake
darbo symet per tuos 3 meme
sius buvo 7, pernai 6. Nete-
kimas pir$to ar daugiau per
mai buvo 45 ir symet tick per
ta bertaini.-
Dirva = Field. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1915-current, 1944-08-04
BY Maj. Gen.
David Prescott Barrows

(The Detroit Times, July 22, 1944)
The Hindenburg-L -Ludendorff Line
of 1915, which sufficed to protect
German gains against Russia un-
til the end of 1918, has been quick
ly abandoned by the Germans in
the face of the present driving at
tack of the Red armies in Poland.
There are five small countries
affected by recent Russian success.
They are the countries of the
Films, lying north of the Gulf of
Finland, the Estonians, south of
the Gulf, the Latvians, the Lithua-
mans and finally the Germans of
East Prussia.
None of the first four are Rus
sian; neither are they Slavic peo-
Piles related to the Russians. like
the Poles, the Czechs, the Yugo-
slavs and the Bulgarians.
Neither are they Germanic or
Teutonic.
They are what are left of races
pushed out of central Europe
against the Baltic coast in times
that predate written history.
In the eighteenth century they
were conquered by the czars and
annexed to the Russian Empire.
ss y y
Before the first World War ended
the revolution in Russia early in
1917 proclaimed the autonomy of
these peoples, and with Russian
acquiescence, they were recognized
as Independent republics by the
treaties of 1919.
During the period from 1919 to
1889 all made definite progress.
They prospered to such a degree
that their well being, as noted by
travellers, contrasted favorably with
the conditions in Soviet Russia, ad-
jecent to them.
In the reconstruction of their
economical and political life, in
many cases they were led by ma
tives who had had a residence in
the United States and whose the
cries of living had been built upon
American standards.
1t is Stalin's ambition to re-es-
tablish the empire of the czars as
it existed at it's heights of extent
and power.
To this end, in the alliance bet
ween Stain and Hitler in 1889,
there were secret agreements that
the German assault upon Poland
would be accompanied by a Rus
sian invasion of eastern Poland and
Russian reconquest of the Baltic
states. v
SO thoroughly was this agreed
upon that when the German and
Russian armies had crushed Polish
resistance. and the republics south
of the Gulf of Finland had beer
conquered by Russia, Hitler eva.
cuated the German elements from
these countries and settled them
upon the lands wrested from the
Poles.
Stain then attacked Finland and
after a very bloody defense, the
Firms were forced to yield parts
of their territory, including the
port of Viipuri.
81 y >.
The situation changed sensation
ally again when German armies oc
cupied the Baltic states.
The reverses which the German
armies are now suffering on al
Dirva = Field. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1915-current, 1944-08-04
eNUSIZUDE.

) val. po pietu, nuo nauJo di-
dzi0jo Main Avenue tito nu-
soko ir uzsimuSe Theo. Ueb-
bing, 40 m. amziaus, is Bay
Village. Jis buvo tevas A val
kQ, kuriu vienas jau tarnauja
prekiniame karo laivyne. Jis
turejes nervu suirima if de-
neSveikatos nedirbO.
Dirva = Field. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1915-current, 1944-08-04
PE MIRCIU VIRs so DlENU

Trafiko nelaimes CIeVelande
per virs menesi laiko iStisai
Xxi Sios savait6s neturejo nei
vienos mirtinos. Taip Xxi Siol
symet uzmu5tQ skaicius stow
45, pernai buvo ST per tick
pat laiko.
Dirva = Field. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1915-current, 1944-08-04

sOHIO Valstijos izde pra-
dzioje siu metu buvo apie 1872
milijonai dolariQ. Izdas isau-
go del to kad karo metu mega
lima isleisti pinigu nauju ke-
liu, tiltu ir siaip valstijos sta
tybai.
Dirva = Field. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1915-current, 1944-08-04
APSIVEDA

Povilo ir Adeles Armulevi-
ciu dukte Giedrute isteka uz
William Nichols. Sliubas atsi-
bus sestadieni, Rugp. ), nuo
1900 val. diena, Old Stone
Church, ant Public Square.
Jaunieji pasiryze isvaziuoti
Kanada praleisti savo honey
moon. Sugryze apsigyvens
su sesere Biruta, 133O8 Ben
wood ave.
Dirva = Field. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1915-current, 1944-08-04
sKARO reikmenu dirbtuv6

Clevelande gavo Karo Darbo
jiegu komisijos sutikima init
j darba darbininkus atejusius
j pacia dirbtuve darbo jiesko-
ii, nors nustatymas vra darEi-
ninkus samdyti per U. S. En-
ployment Service biura.
Dirva = Field. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1915-current, 1944-08-04
10 METU

Petras il Alvina SalaseviJiu-
te Luizai Liepos 20 d. minejo
savo 10 metu vedybu sukaktu-
yes. Jie yra zinomi Lietuviu
megejai artistai, ir dabar au-
gina dukrele, kuri taip pat yra
kelis kartus rasirodzius sceno-
ie.
Dirva = Field. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1915-current, 1944-08-04
sSPROGIMAS.

iStiko didelis sprogimas Natio-
nal Smelling Co., prie E. 14O
gatves, kur sunaikinta daug
magnesiumo, nuostoliu pada-
ryta w apie S500,000.
Dirva = Field. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1915-current, 1944-08-04
DINGO

Ona Baltrukoniene gavo Ii
MIA is Karo vadovybes kad jos
sunus Vincas dingo be zinios
po music Prancuzijoje. Linke-
tina kad atsirastu sveikas.
Dirva = Field. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1915-current, 1944-08-04
KARSCIAI

Pereita savaite orui kick at
vesus diena-kita. sia savaite
vel prasidejo rekordiniai karS-
ciai, temperature virsija 80 ir
95 laipsnius.
Dirva = Field. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1915-current, 1944-08-04

Mazu namu savininku susi-
rinkimas bus laikomas Rugp.-
Aug. 9, nuo 8 val. vakare, Lie
tuviu saleje. Visi nariai yra
praSomi dalyvauti, mes yra
svarbip reikalu ir paaiskinimu
paciu namu savininku naudai.
Kviecia Valdyba.
Dirva = Field. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1915-current, 1944-08-04

sOHIO valstijOje Liepos pa
baigoje infantile paralizium
sirgo 66 asmenys, kas yra pa
lyginamai daug, mes per pir-
mus 7 menesius 1913 metals
tokiu sirgimu buvo tik Is.
Dirva = Field. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1915-current, 1944-08-04

SERGA. Margaret Patravi-
ciene, p. Armulevicienes sesuo,
turejo operacija Polytechnic Ii
gonineje. Dabar taisosi.
Dirva = Field. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1915-current, 1944-08-04
Signal Corps Photo

Signal Corps Photo
Keeling out wire from an RI 81,
in the steaming jungles of New
Georgia-rain, insects and the ever
lasting muck.
The jungle is definitely Jap in
tested as well, but your War Bonds
can be mighty effective Jap in
secticide. Buy them and hold 'em! (!
u. S. Treasury Department
Dirva = Field. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1915-current, 1944-08-04

The situation changed sensation
ally again when German armies oc-
cupied the Baltic states.
The reverses which the German
armies are now suffering on all
Evening star., 1944-02-06
BY Joseph H. Baird.

Nearly every American can remember
listening, as schoolboy, to fervid flights
of Fourth of July oratory in which the
system Of checks and balances" writ
ten into the Constitution was lauded as
being the apotheosis of wisdom.
Certainly the separation of powers
among the executive, judicial and leg
islative branches of the Government
has made for honesty and has served as
a bulwark against dictators. But many
authorities on political science-among
them Woodrow Wilson-frmly believed
that the too-rigid isolation of the three
branches of the Government into water
tight compartments (Which, incidentally,
has more root in custom than in the
Constitution) has made the Federal
machinery cumbersome and has thwart-
ed the development of realistic, effec-
tive American foreign policy.
The American system, many authori-
ties hold, has serious need of a forum
where lawmakers and administrators
can meet to thresh out their common
problems. To supply that is the intent
and purpose of a resolution now before
Congress.
Resolution Introduced.
This resolution, now before the Rules
Committee, was introduced by a youth
full member of the House, Representative
Estes Kefauver of Tennessee, a graduate
of the Yale Law School and thorough
student of American Constitution his
tory.
His resolution provides in part:
There shall be held in the House
Immediately following the reading of the
journal on at least one day in each
period of two calendar weeks, but not
oftener than one day in any one calen-
der week, a question PERIOD which shall
not consume more than two hours, dur
ing which heads of departments and
independent agencies are requested to
answer orally written and oral questions
propounded by members of the House.
Each written question shall be sub
mitted in triplicate to the committee
having jurisdiction of the subject matter
of such question, and, if approved by
such committee, one copy shall be trans
mitted to the head of the department
Evening star., 1944-02-06
BY Armand L. Bird,
Associated Press Staff Writer.

SILVER CITY, Idaho. - You would
call this old mining village ghost town
but William Hawes, St, self proclaimed
Mayor, chief of police and No. land
only-citizen, says "It amt So
Hawes still is confident that Silver
City will one day make comeback,
even since his last sidekick, Carl john
son, II, citizen No. 2" left for warmer
climes.
"The combination of cold winters and
loneliness in Silver City is just too
damned much for me-" said the depart
ing johnson.
Hawes wasn't outwardly disturbed at
the prospect of being alone in the city
where 45-caliber Colts once were the
law. He has couple of hobbies-in
winter, he tinkers with the 16-horse-
power motorcycle engine that runs his
bug" little automobile fashioned
along the lines of racing machine
popular in 1915; in summers, he takes
pick and shovel and heads for the
nearby mountains. He has been digging
for silver for years.
Some day Silver City will boom again
and I'm going to be all set" He says,
II know these hills like book and have
some likely spots marked. There's still
a lot of possibilities for this country"
Rationing of food and clothing doesn't
bother Hawes. His larder Is we'll stocked
with canned goods, and when he needs
supplies like bacon, flour or baking pow
der, he hikes over to Murphy, the Owyhee
Evening star., 1944-02-06
BY Casper Names.

Truk. The island Of Truk. Center
Of the base of the Japanese fleet. A
controlling point In the battle Of the
Pacific. Yet vitally needed information
on 1t was unavailable at the outbreak
Of war.
Military men sought geographical,
marine facts. But military, civilian and
governmental sources Of highly detailed
photographic and Photographic informa-
tion were almost completely lacking.
The War and Navy Departments were
extremely anxious for further informa-
ton. Then some one suggested, "Why
not call Col. Martin at the Library of
Congress? He might help"
And help he did. Col Lawrence Mar
tin, in charge Of the Map Division of the
Library Of Congress, reached back into
the recesses Of his memory and brought
to light small book long since for
gotten. 1t was Cruising Along the By
ways OF the Pacific" published by Prof.
William H. Hobbs OF the University of
Michigan in 1928. When the book was
Evening star., 1944-02-06

opportunity to learn to read and write,
the Rev. Mr.. Hung recalled. Chief rea-
son for this was the almost incredible
complexity of written Chinese, which
has 10000 characters and was largely
unrelated to the spoken language.
The use of imagery and extreme con-
ciseness in literary Chinese creates a sit
uation under which one scholarly Chinese
could read to another equally well edu-
Gated Chinese and yet convey nothing
more than an unrelated tumble of words.
A generation ago, DR.. HUI Shih, later
Chinese Ambassador to Washington, led
the break away from ivory tower clas-
sicism and brought written language
within the scope and interest of the
average Chinese.
Now, through the efforts of DR.. Y c.
James Yen, China's pioneer in the Mass
Education Movement, and his disciples,
this simplified written Chinese language
is being taught all over unoccupied
China.
New National Language.
The new language is called Kuo Yu-
the national language. 1t is based on
the great Mandarin dialect spoken by
a majority of the Chinese in China
residents of North China and the vast
interior.
Most of Washington's Chinese, how
ever, emigrated from South China. They
Evening star., 1944-02-06

records Of all the basic language groups
for the language training work of the
Special Service Division.
Photoduplication, or microfilming, has
skyrocketed since December 7, 1941, to
the point where over q million and
quarter exposures have been made in
the Library's own laboratory. United
States Navy enlisted personnel opera
tors produced good portion of this
amount.
The hricrofllm Reading Room has
grown from small affair last year to
one containing 9,045 reels of microfilm
of all periods and types, the majority
OF the reels being Of the full length OF
100 feet One reel of this length repro
duces TOO pages of newspapers or ap-
proximately 2,40O pages of smaller text.
Use Of the service by the war agencies
and departments is heavy.
The extensive use of the Library Of
Congress reference service has also heen
greatly stepped up. Decisions affecting
important phases Of foreign policy may
hinge upon quick reference service by
the Library. Sometimes these decisions
may hinge upon quotations cited in
heated debate. Animation or refuta-
ton may rest upon the exact words used,
Evening star., 1944-02-06

speak Cantonese, another important
dialect, and this has led to = COM
promise at the Build-Up- Your Nation
School.
Instead Of the national language,
beginners are taught Cantonese. At the
time they enter the classes, most Of the
children speak some Cantonese learned
from their parents Continued study
increases their vocabulary and gives
them a purer pronunciation. Then
after they reach the schools advanced
classes-they are given additional in
struction in Kuo Yu. Thus, student
who completes the course offered at the
Build Up -Your-Nation School receives
a foundation which will allow further
study in both Cantonese and the ma
tiona1 language.
Few Word Sounds.
Compared with English, Chinese has
few separate word sounds. In Cantonese
there are said to be only between 800
and 900 word sounds, and in other
Chinese dialects even fewer.
AS result, each "word'-so far as
pronunciation goes - turns out to be
many different words. Distinctions are
made by the tone in which 1t is pro-
nounced, whether it is coupled with
another word, its position in sentence
and other factors.
Evening star., 1944-02-06

CONTINUED On Page C-6J
Evening star., 1944-02-06
He's the Last Citizen
Of Old Silver City

County seat rs miles away, and loads up.
Had little trouble with those ration
books" he admits, "but everythings
OK. now"
In his extra-spare time, Hawes keeps
tab on the remaining buildings and
houses in Silver City-he gets "a big kick
out of rambling round"
In the early 19O0s Silver City was a
typical Western mining boom town and
once had population of 10000. Old
newspapers and records credit the near
by gold and silver mines with saving the
United States from financial collapse
after the Civil War. Most of the shafts
now worked out-were dug in the sides
of War Eagle and Florida Mountains
which tower 5000 feet.
Still standing on hill in Silver City
are the old Idaho Hotel, the Masonic
Temple, the Catholic Church and the
old Stoddard Home, once regarded as
palatial mansion. Also remaining are
the ruins of an old Jail which was burned
down by prisoner.
The end of Silver City as mining
town began about 1910 when the mighty
Trade Dollar mine closed. Miners and
hangers-on moved; some going to Ne
vada or California and new gold and
silver strikes; others headed for the
Yukon
In 1884 Silver City endured its greatest
indignity when the county seat was
moved to Murphy. During the past few
years, Southwestern Idaho contractors
have torn down sole OF the old build
ings to salvage the lumber they con-
tanned.
Evening star., 1944-02-06
Library Of Congress Becomes Arsenal
OF Vital Wartime Information

the Library Of Congress Map Division
reproduced $40 maps; since Pearl Har-
Dor, more than 1900 maps have been
reproduced for service use. In some
fields, the increase has been as much as
80 per cent.
AS certain places come into the news,
the call for detailed maps increase. Oc-
castonally, however, events move so fast
the division cannot keep pace. Col.
Martin said this was true when Kiev
fell. I'VE were all ready to make a map
OF Kiev, but the Russians took it so
quickly we could not get it out in time"
Library's Wartime Role.
The contribution OF the Library of
Congress is more widely spread than
just making maps available. As ex-
pressed by Luther Evans, chief assist
ant librarian, in radio address: 1T is
making efforts to secure information
OF every sort about the important areas
OF the world which is believed to possess
any value in insuring the successful de-
tense OF our country and the Waging OF
total war against any aggressor ma
tion."
The reference service to readers L.
Eliminates the change in reading de-
Evening star., 1944-02-06

written, the Japanese were most CO.
operative. They not only allowed the
author to tell about the islands, but
actually helped him tahe pictures. The
book answered perfectly the needs Of
the Navy.
Need for War Maps.
This was only one OF numerous In
quiries directed at the Map Division
All kinds were asked, some worded so
the division could not know to what
use the material was to be put. How
ever. one thing was and is clear, the
need for maps, old and new, is impera-
ative. Since the war began. map service
has been Is times greater than normal.
In 1888, an ordinary year, there were
1856 calls for maps; in 1912, the number
rose to 11,056
Information needed is frequently Of
a confidential nature. Other inquiries
have dealt with sources not available
in other map libraries or not easily
bought. All treat with regions where
fighting is taking or will take place. To
answer queries the Map Division has
1922 084 maps, views aliases. books and
pamphlets. In 1902, two years after
the Library Of Congress opened, it had
7 maps and 6 aliases.
A map service directly affecting the
political home front is set up in the
Speakers lobby in the House of Rep
resentatives. The suggestion was made
by Representative Robert Secrest, Dem
ocrat, of Ohio, now in the Navy and
was put into being by the Library Of
Congress on February /, 1912.
Maps for Congressmen.
Maps showing every part Of the world
are hung in the lobby. The active thea
ters of war are indicated by flags and
pins setting forth the disposition Of
United Nations and enemy troops. The
Library keeps these maps up to date
every morning so members Of Congress
can tell at glance where the fronts
are and how the war is going in each
sector. In addition, there is q 30-inch
globe, comprehensive gazetteer, world
atlas and maps from newspapers, maga-
zines and books at hand. Congress can
not complain it does not know what
is happening on the many, far-f1ung
fronts in this war.
Army demands are numerous and al
ways urgent. In normal year, 1899,
Evening star., 1944-02-06

or independent agency concerned, with
an invitation to appear before the House,
and one copy to the Committee on Rules
with request for allotment Of time In
question period to answer such ques-
ton
The resolution goes on to provide that
If the Executive agrees to appear before
the House, the Rules Committee shall
set time for his reception. One-half
of the period the official is in the House
would be used by him to answer the
written questions of policy asked him.
During the remainder of his time, men,
Evening star., 1944-02-06
Children Study Chinese
BY Bob Lewis.

Just as the greatest and wisest Chinese
scholars have done for hundred gen.
erations, the tiny boys and girls at
Washington's Build : Up Your Nation
School were studying their lessons
aloud.
"Hsiao, hsiao, mao.
"Hsiao, hsiao, mao.
'Tiao, tiao, tiao"
The youngish. earnest teacher, Miss
King-Ho Chue, said:
"This Is the very first lesson In the
book and they must repeat and repeat
and repeat. They must learn the pro-
nunciation correctly-and it isn't easy.
show them how to hold their mouth,
their tongue and their teeth to make the
right sounds. They watch me- They
listen. Then they say the words"
The subdued sing-song went on in the
classroom.
''Hsiao, hsiao, mao.
'Hsiao, hsiao, mao.
'"Tiao, tiao, t'iao."
Miss Chue smiled. She said:
"They are saying: Little, little cat.
A1AeeACs A2ttAC Sdos ohhApp JUMP, JUMP
We make the lessons very simple in the
beginning"
However simple or complex the Chi
nese language may seem to the So chill
dren attending the classes two hours
day, five days week, Miss Chue says
that spelling, at least, holds no terrors.
There Is No Spelling.
I'm Chinese" she said, smiling again,
"there is no spelling. There is no word,
even, for spelling. There are no ABC's."
Born in China and school teacher
and principal there until she came to
the United States seven years ago, Miss
Chue holds master of arts degree
from George Washington University and
a bachelor of divinity degree for three
years study at Hartford Theological
Seminary for Religious Education.
She speaks fluent English, her voice
soft and quick. She arranges her long
Evening star., 1944-02-06


Thus the word pronounced "shih" has
many more than 80 different meanings,
in addition to synonyms, among them
meanings 50 varied as history" IAN
army" "a non," "a corpse" poetry" Ito
love-" "stone," ito eat" "ofhcer," "a
house" and affair
Another complexity Is tho lack Of
written characters for many quite re-
spectacle words. On the other hand, 4
great number Of words are exclusively
literary and never would be understood
in conversation.
Pace Is Not Hurried.
AS the children begin to learn this
Enthusiastically difficult language, with its
tabled store Of wisdom, their pace is not
hurried.
II never rush them" Miss Chue ex-
planned. II want them to know how
to read, understand, speak and write
each word so they will never forget"
Miss Chue believes that Chinese chill
dren have racial instinct to learn
their own language very quickly"
On each slender brush used by the
children instead Of pen is inscribed:
"The spirit Of service"
Translating those words, Miss Chue
said:
THE name of our school has a deep
meaning for us. We really want to
build up our nation"