Evening star., 1944-04-23
Postwar
CONTINUED From Page CID

tllCl, SO1C UOtIi W uldke SdIlCClOIlS
stick and to stop a third world war.
But there is special postscript
for today's neutrals, as well as
others, regarding that.
mo state" says the plan, would
be free to Illustrate the effort of the
community of states by relying upon
the 18th century law of neutrality"
Sanctions, the army setup, Coop
eration-all things actually depend
ent in the long run on the spirit with
which regulations are administered
and abided by-are meticulously left
for the assembly to work out.
Sovereign Rights Guarded.
The plan also is careful to leave
elbow room for nations which are
self : conscious about sovereign
rights"
Tt names only one situation under
which the assembly could interfere
with nation on its home territory:
that is, when nation is permitting
what looks like preparation for war.
A patent example (this plan names
no definite examples and nations,
but they're obvious enough) was the
Nazi buildup in Germany.
The plan seems to run into two
fuzzy situations: Where the world
assembly would be faced with using
a very tangible army against very
Intangible situation-with resulting
howls.
How could this world army be used
| II it was found that private business
OF one OF the antiaggressor nations
was selling oil to an aggressor or
would-be aggressor. And just how to
you use an army against a radio
propaganda system, or even decide
when a radio program ceases to be-
come factual and becomes an in
otter to war?
The plan states, in this regard.
that acceptable definitions will have
to be mountaineering, correctly,
that the first thing to be defined will
be the word war" itself.
AS for the setup itself, all nations
would be taken in as soon as pos
sible, thereby putting Germany on
an equal footing with her victims.
Somebody's going to howl about
that.
Peaceful Means Provided.
But the blocs will remain, and
there seems every likelihood that
Germany would be outvoted on any
Iunpalatable new aggrandizement
schemes, regardless of what intimi-
datlon or cajolery she might use in
an effort to form a bloc of her own.
For more civilized governments
the plan provides peaceful means to
settle disputes. Any country which
believes its rights are being stepped
on could apply to the Permanent
Court of international Justice. That
court already has settled 81 such
disputes and would be incorporated
IN the new system.
II the dlSputants accept the courts
ruling there Is, naturally, no need
for the international army. And
the thought of that army, lust at
the end of a long distance phone.
should certainly lend new weight to
the courts decisions.
This program meets most of the
worries of those who are opposing
various United States of Europe"
plans which have. been put forward.
They fear that Germany. with her
industrial strength, in purely
European group, would shortly dom
mate the European continent and,
without a gun fired, conquer the
continent through the storehouse
door.
But the prospects for a European
federation are outside the Carnegie
plan picture.
AS for the proposed assembly.
there is always the possibility of two
almost equally powerful blocs being
formed, much as the slavery and
abolltlonist blocs led to the Amer
ican Civil War
However, recent history shows that
the world is slow to choose sides for
q war. Suposing this community
OF states" had existed when Italy
grabbed Ethiopia, or when Japan
grabbed Manchuria?
Those isolated incidents could
have been stopped by an interna-
tlonal army, making it doubtful that
Germany would have had the temer-
ity to start her grabs.
There is no way of knowing or
even guessing whether such a plan
will work, or even whether it will
be adopted. Like all the plans anv
one can devise, it would depend on
the goodwill of the participants, on
whether the nations have discov-
cred any new wisdom in I'VE must
all hang together, or assuredly we
snail all hang separately"-spoken
during the signing of the Declara-
ton of Independence, July 4, 1776.
the day that tied together the stray
American Colonies, which faced
many problems now faced by whole
nations in this shrunken world.
Distribnted by the Associated Press)