davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-04-29
BY EI.NIE PYLE

NAPLES, - by wireless) - A
Red Cross worker rides each hos
pital ship, not only to do anything
for the wounded she can, but also
to help keep the ships staff and
crew happy.
On our ship the Red Cross girl
was Percy Gill, of Palo Alto, Cal.
1She used to teach physical educa-
ton at Castilleja School for Girls.
After supper she passed out a
bottle of Coca-Cola to every man
on the ship. 1t was the first time
most of the boys had had one since
leaving America. The merchant
marine seamen in the crew always
help her pass the cokes around.
Miss Gill has a tiny office filled
with books, toilet supplies, musical
instruments and magazines. As
soon as the wounded men are
brought aboard she gives every one
a pack of cigarets and a tooth
brush, for most of them have lost
their gear.
AS they are swung aboard, you
see some completely empty-hand
ed and others carrying their pitiful
little possessions in their tin hats
balanced on their stomachs. Some
have on hospital pajamas, some
just o. D. shirts, some only thei1
dirty gray underwear.
Miss Gill does not intrude her
self on the men, for she knows
that the most badly wounded want
to be left alone. Now and Their
she'll give a boy a book and dis
cover that he's still looking at the
same page three hours later. An
other boy used his as a fan al
afternoon.
Miss Gill has books in French
and in German too. Every ship
load has few wounded prisoners
We had two on my trip. One was
a startled looking German kic
whose card showed him to be only
l q. L
the same as anybody else.
Miss GilPs musical warehouse
includes an accordion, four guitars
a violin, two banjos, two saxo
phones, clarinet, a trombone, ane
two dozen harmonious. She doesn'
have many requests for either thu
musical instruments or the book!
on these short trips between tn,
beachhead and Naples, for there
hardly time. But on the long tril
back to America they are god
send, for the men are feeling bette.
by then and time goes slowly. o.
one 16-day trip across the ocean
the wounded men read 5000 book
an average of six to a man.
It is a relief and a comfort TO-
men to be on a hospital ship afte,
their months of mud and cold ane
misery and danger and finally thu
agony of their wounding. 1t is ;
relief because the hospital ship i
so little like war, and because thos'
,, who operate it are in world apar
from the world these men hav'
known.
There's no blackout at all No
body is ever dirty or cold. Cabin
windows have no shutters. You cal
smoke on deck. Big spotlight
slung on brackets point their daz
cling beams at the big red eros
painted on the ships sides.
The ship takes it's course far Out
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-04-29
DECISION CRITICIZED

WASHINGTON, April %. III
The Office of Price Admins
tratio ntoday criticized recen'
interstate commerce comllllS-
sion decision ordering mira
state railroad fares in AIaOd,
ma, Kentucky, Tennessee d."
North Carolina Increased 10 ~i'
interstate level as IAN una"
full violatio of the reserve coH
stitutional rights and power o.
the states.
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-04-29
KILLED IN WRECK

CHARLOTTE, April 28-lR-2nd
1t. Robert S. Fulstone, 81, one
time Santa Clara football player,
was killed last night in the wreck
Of a light attack plane near Nor
ris Field. His home was at Fres-
no. Calf
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-04-29

Guidance demands surrender of self-suf-
fciency :. 1t is the shifting of life from
self.will to God s-will i. Instead of guild
ance being spiritual luxury for rare souls
it is minimum necessity for every Chris
tain soul: GAS many as are led by the
Spirit of God, they are the sons of God"
No leadership, no sonship. Guidance is the
essence of Christianity.
STANLEY JONES.
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-04-29
Our Chief Aim
TOP OF THE MORNING

To aid IN every way The prosecution Of
the war to complete Victory.
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-04-29

Wilmington, N.
April %, 1914
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-12-03

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jump with JOY when gifted with
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ALL enveIoping wroporound
thickIy tufted with fluffy cot
ton chenille. Wide orroy Of
dreamy coIors-olI washable.
Sizes 10 to l6-------S5.95
Girls shop-Fourth Floor
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-12-03

Muffle your dream girl in downy-
soft quilt thot's all warmth and lowell
ness! 1t might we'll be this enchanting
poisIey-printed striped royon crepe
thot's in wonderful ooors on q white
background. Completely lined. Sizes
u to --------Sl9.95
Evening star., 1944-03-07

not, Of course, for publication. At the
present moment, having watched De
Gaulle make Giraud disappear with a
pass Of his hand, our attitude seems
to be: We'll, what do you know"
This Is valid, as an expression, but
IL needs more nouns and stuff in 1t
before it can be considered a foreign
policy.
On Spain we have said, "So!" and on
Italy we have said, Well now," and on
Finland We have said, "Aha!" There
was some question about adding that
saucy exclamation point to our official
policy on Finland. But, risk naught.
gain naught. So, only waiting for peace
negotiations between Finland and
Russia to begin, we plunged in daringly
and said that there ought to be peace
negotiations
AS to how this dark Chekhovian mood.
this grunting of meaningless monosyl-
tables, has managed to overcome free
and proud America, many books can,
and undoubtedly will, be written. I have
written much about a strange American
flight from reality"
And now, look, London has asked us
TO send some one over to say just what
our ideas are about the political future
OF Europe. Mr.. Stettinius is scheduled
to go. London news writer's say, in
kindly fashion, that they know we can
not speak as clearly as we might on ac-
count OF constitutional problems, and
this being an election year, and all, but
they do think 1t is time we said what is
Evening star., 1944-03-07
Samuel Grafton

IN our minds. They don't want IN r,,s,
40, Dut tne war Is going on five years old,
, Dus IL USED TO be Russia to which the
woi,o once addressed these earnest ap-
peals 70 come clean. 1t used to be Rms.
sia whicn europe could not understand.
IL 1elt that 1t knew America like its own
mother. A'' o"h
HOW did this strange reversal eono.
ABOUT, SO that now it is the East which
caus on the West to break out Of the
oark circle into the light? It is so odd to
near old Europe imploring young Amer
lea to speak its mind.
no longer think, as once did that
IL Is any one mans fault. Mr.. Ronse-
Veits or Mr.. Hull's, or anybody's. havs
worse fear now; that this indecisive-
ness In foreign policy is true and leeiti.
mate expression of national inde-
clslVeness; that We are so obsessed with
our own political quarrel between right
and lett at home, that we are unable to
give clear answers to questions invo,v.
Ing the right and the left abroad. so
t,iat foreign political problems find us
gianclng furtively at each other, and
staining desperately. Oddly, the Con-
serVatlVe Prime Minister of a less in
terna!ly contentious nation finds him.
self able to be more liberal than we
Nothlng Is holding us back but o,,r-
selves. When you add up the price of in
ternal disunity, be sure to put in that
at the height of the worlds crisis II
placed us in the curious position of being
uraple TO say anything better than "IJn :"
Evening star., 1944-03-07
MAJ. George Fielding Eliot

which latter point is already threat
ened by the Russians from the north
east.
Thus even the capture of Tarnopol
would not completely sever this vital
line OF communications as long as Pros
kurov continues in German hands But
there can be no doubt that the fall of
Volochinsk will much reduce the volume
OF traffic which can be handled to and
from the Bug-Dnieper area and to that
extent will weaken the German fighting
power there.
II the Russians were to capture Pros
kurov as we'll as Volochinsk, that would
be quite another matter. So far, they
are not making progress in that di-
rect1on, as indicated by the fact that
they do not yet claim the capture of
StarokonStantinov, about half way be-
tween Russian-held Shapetovka and
Proskurov
This suggests that the German "bolt
positions" which cover the vital rail-
way farther east have been extended to
cover Proskurov as well. But this is no
assurance that these positions cannot be
broken through or outf1anked.
Should Proskurov fall, the next
question would be whether the Ger
mans could Immediately restore the
situation by counterattack. Normally,
one would think this rather likely. They
have much better communications west
OF their positions than the Russians
have to the east. The German-Polish
railway system is able to deliver troops
and supplies well up to the front. The
Russians, on the other hand, are very
extended, and have been compelled to
hold off their present offensive for
weeks while they improved their lines
of communication. Moreover, the
Russians are in a deep salient, open to
attack on both sides.
But at this point in our analysis,
we come back to the ever-recurrent
problem of German manpower, in terms
Evening star., 1944-03-07

another problem to the German high
command and Nazi forces stationed In
Bulgaria would have to be reinforced to
seal the gates to the Danube from the
potential Turkish menace. :"
The Turks have a good army but
lack modern equipment such as planes
and tanks. Necessary supplies have
been rushed from England to fill some
of the gaps since the spring of I943.
Lease-lend supplies we're stopped when
the Turks showed no disposition to
hasten their operations against the Axis,
explaining that the probable occupation
of Istanbul would be a handicap to the
Allies and that they themselves, with
out the aid of the British and American
forces. could not hope to expel the
Germans and Bulgarians from the
former capital of Turkey.
Il -
However, the real reason behind the
Turkish governments attitude is said
to be that they were not definitely
given assurances by London and WASH
ngton that the question of Istanbul
and the Dardanelles would not be re-
opened at the future conference. More
over, in the event of retahatory at
tack from the Axis, Turkey would have
to accept, as member of the United
Nations Russian military assistance.
And Ankara was afraid that these
forces would not leave Istanbul and the
Dardanelles after the Axis defeat.
An incident which occurred In 1899 is
still fresh in the memory of the Turkish
government. Representatives from Tur-
key, Finland and the Baltic states went
to Moscow to discuss a friendly under
standing with the U. S. S. r. The Turk
lsh representative was the present Prime
Minister, Sukru Saracoglu. Preliminary
conversations with Assistant Foreign
Commissar Potemkin convinced him
that one of the essential conditions of a
Turkish Soviet cooperation was the ac-
ceptance by Turkey of two or three Red
Army divisions to protect the neutrality
Evening star., 1944-03-07
Neutral Listening Posts

The neutraPs lot, like the Gilber-
tian policeman's, is mot a happy
one" This is especially true of the
present war, which is literally
worldwide and in which all nations
are, directly or indirectly, involved.
What any nonbelligerent nation
does affects, to some extent, the
course of the conflict. This is true
If it maintains the strictest neutral
ity, conforming scrupulously to the
tenets OF international law.
To be genuinely neutral, a nation
must treat both sets Of belligerents
alike. This means, with other
things, that it maintains diplomatic
and commercial relations with the
belligerents, all of whom have their
diplomatic and consular stats in
the neutral country. These foreign
agents have the right to communi-
cate with their home governments,
and to do so in code. Even though
they keep meticulously within the
letter OF international law, these
agents are enabled to gather much
information regarding their
enemies, often of great Importance,
and to pass it on promptly to the,
home authorities. The neutral is,
thus inevitably a valuable listening
post.
We have had a conspicuous in
stance of this in the Western Hemi-
sphere with the case of Argentina.
OF course, Argentine neutrality has
been far from even-handed. Yet
its International value to the Axis
would have been a vexatiouS prob
lem for us and our Allies if Argen-
tina had been model of neutral
rectitude.
In Europe, the listening post"
problem is much more serious, be-
cause there are half a dozen such
vantage points, some of them so
geographically situated that Axis
agents can observe the strategic
and diplomatic activities of the
United Nations with maximum
effect. Fire. for instance, abuts on
Northern Ireland and lies athwart
the Atlantic sea lanes. Axis agents
legally in Dublin and elsewhere can
not be prevented from learning
much of what is afoot regarding our
projected invasion Of Western Eu-
rope. The same is even truer of
Spain and Spanish-occupied Tan
gier, which together straddle the
Straits of Gibraltar, through which
our fleets and conveys to the Medi-
terranean must pass. Also, nearby
Portugal offers supplementary OBJ
servational facilities. At the other
end of the Mediterranean is neutral
Turkey, in the north is neutral
Sweden. while neutral Switzerland
lies at Europe's very heart.
These conSidera tions are increas-
ingly vexatious to United Nations
strategy and diplomacy as the ini-
tiative in both fields is being stepped
Evening star., 1944-03-07
G0Hld Lincoln

should set at rest all doubt as to the
responsibility for these messages. one
of which brought the dramatic revolt
of Senate Majority Leader Barkley.
Mr.. Nicholson refers to the Presidents
genial trait of sending people away
satisfied that he is quite in accord with
them" He lists as examples the belief
James A. Farley had that the President
would not run for third term, and the
oeiief that three eminent Democrats
nad In 1910 that the President had
given each Of them the green light"
1or the vice presidential nomination
ana 1t turned out to be Mr.. Wallace,
VINO was none of the three.
X X
Further, Mr.. Nicholson writes of the
PRESIDENTS methods of making certain"
An instance OF this was his sending
marry hopkins to Chicago to run the
convention in 1910, ignoring Mr.. Farley
Muo was chairman OF the Democratic
Natlonai Committee. MY personal
yieW, says Mr.. Nicholson, '1s that the
Flesloent 1eu short OF his usual political
acumen" in this. NA
Mr.: Nicholson hazards guess that
WI. rarley, VINO Is opposing a fourth
IeIhn Ior tne president, will do what he
ol9 In lS4o; that he will amass as MANY
delegates In the national convention a.
ne can against Mr.. Roosevelt, and when
Mr. Hoosevelt is nominated, he viii vote
lor tne ticket and take no further part.
certainly from all sides the Democrats
supporting Mr.. Roosevelt are holding
on. olive branches to Mr.. Farley.
All PRESIDENTS, Mr.. Nicholson insists
~ i'oss oe poilticians-and Mr.. Roosevelt
- roosevelt were the haloed Gala
a .aau ne mas been pictured" he saws
w mi.noue guile. frank, trusting, self
enaclng, totally altruistic-he would
never have been Governor or PresiSsnt
or ANYTHING else except perhaps an
evangelical person" an
Evening star., 1944-03-07
Hospital

Here IN this room, thoughts and the
moments mesh like gears
The throat contracts; the tree pushes
its Shado1O beyond the pane.
Through mouths OF glass, square pools
OF sun splash on the floor.
We match the creeping uarn,th of that
light
Dragged in and dragged out ouer the
10dllS and the enduring Sills
Then the smoke of the darkness rises,
seeping upon all things
Until the groaoing dagger OF the light
shall come again.
And the cloSeneSs OF this room the
pressure OF the sick eyes,
Burning through the ,Dalls OF flesh; the
sick eyes follolUing,
And the sick brain and bones tollo,Ding
and crying tonelessly
At the solid forms floating in and out
OF reach
Despair and death are arm in arm, in
the lake OF those eyes,
The troubled l0aUes OF them dashinq
unepen photographs.
Ocean OF ceiling. one swimming fy up
squirting branches through the door,
And the floors shouing the forms of the
people into air
All covered Dtth the film OF sickness, the
sick droning OF the heart,
And bitter silence crying for the oit
OF darkness.
DANIEL sMYTHE.
Evening star., 1944-03-07

They have lost their strategic freedom
of action in that respect by clinging too
long to their advance positions in South
Russia.
1t will be advisable to view this situ-
alton coolly and carefully. Nothing is
to be gained by anticipating success
which has not yet been fully achieved
on the other hand, we must keep in
mind the great results which the Rus
slams may achieve if they can hold
their present gains and, particularly, if
they can expand them in the directions
which will bring them to full fruition.
X
To begin with, the capture of the
rail station at Volochinsk does not
wholly cut off the main supply route
of the German armies on the Bug and
in the Dnieper bend. 1t does cut the
main line of the now famous Warsaw
LWoW-Odessa railway; but it cuts it
west of the junction of Proskurov,
where bypass line comes in on the
south-a line which connects with the
main German-Polish railway system
both directly (via Stanislaw) and also
by way Of branch line to Tarnopol,
Evening star., 1944-03-07

western frontiers. He has said that
territory should be taken from Germany
to compensate Poland for any lands
which must be turned over to Russia.
On this subject we, the Americans,
have said exactly: "Hmmmr
Some reporters say they have heard
high-ranking Washington official
utter the comment: 'Mmmm!" but
this Is unverifled.
X
We have watched the rise of De Gaulle
for almost four years. Our attitude
toward him has been little clearer
than our attitude on the Polish ques-
ton, some of our officials even going
so far as to say, occasionally, "Nn-nnl"
Evening star., 1944-03-07

President Ismet Inonu. who has asked
them to guarantee Turkeys territorial
integrity after the war. The American
and British leaders are said to have
assured him that Turkey need fear
nothing from Russia, but were not
willing to record their guarantees on
paper.
Turkey could have been of great help
to the Allies in military way if major
campaign across the Eastern Mediter-
ranean had been started. She could
have taken the risk of having the Ger
mans and the Bulgarians occupy Istan-
bull. A final Allied victory would have
evicted the Axis from the key port
between the Mediterranean and the
Black Sea. But when 1t became obvious
that the Eastern Mediterranean and the
Balkans were going to play only
secondary role in the summer campaign
the Turks felt it was no longer imper-
ative that they join the Allies actively
in the war The Allies and particularly
the Russians took a different view.
They feel that the entrance OF the
Turkish armies in the fight would add
Evening star., 1944-03-07
Note to Ivory Tower Men
TO the Editor of The Star.

To the Editor of The Star:
There has been loose and unsound
reasoning in some of the discussions on
the punishment of the war criminals
plans which not only prolong this war
but also would lay the base for future
wars more horrible than the war in
which We are now engaged Specifically
those plans of exterminating races of
people, whether yellow or white, Japa-
nese or German.
These abstract discussions on the
punishment of the war criminals are
harmful to the war effort. The sole
basis for any discussion Of this topic
is that it aids our fight to win the war
and peace and as such 1t is political
weapon. Some have attempted to
divorce politics from the war but it is
just as impossible as taking being from
life. War is only a continuation of the
political struggle by the most violent
means, the military, but war is sub
servient to politics.
Those who arrogantly place all the
blame upon the German or Japanese
people for starting the war had better
ask themselves in what ivory tower they
secluded themselves when we acquiesced
to fascism in Italy and Germany by
recognizing those governments which
ruthlessly suppressed any forms of
democracy and the democratic elements
in those countries.
Where were these people when our
Government was giving the japanese
war lords notes of protest while supply
ing them with scrap iron and gasoline to
invade China? Where were these gentle
men when our State Department, carry
ing out the wishes of our Government,
helped to destroy the Spanish republic
by putting an embargo on it?
If we hope to see lasting peace after
we help win the war, we must assess
a little of the blame upon our own
political immaturity, our lack of under
standing of the need to aid the political
struggles of our neighbors for freedom
and democracy, our willingness to do
business with reaction and fascism. It
was good business then, and now we
are paying for it.
We must be cognizant of the fact
that the majority of the peoples in
the fascist countries are as much en-
slaved as the peoples in the conquered
countries, for faScism is the rule by the
use OF force of small minority of the
people over the majority.
And recognizing that fact, we must
utilize these peoples desires for peace,
freedom and security, to strike a blow
at the enemys most vulnerable spot, rne
home front. We can accomplish this
by encouraging their anti-fascist leaders
to set up governments in exile and
apply as a yardstick to their receiving
supplies and recognition the amount of
damage they do to the common enemy.
This step by our Government and the
United Nations would hasten the ending
OF the war and provide a foundation
Tor. permanent peace. We give these
people something to fight for with us
and do not repeat the race theories of
the Nazis and have them fight against
us to the bitter end We need not fear
that these people who have tasted the
dregs of human misery and degradation
under fascism and in concentration
camps will permit any of the villains
who have terrorlzed and besmirched
their nation to escape just punishment
r. STEIN
Evening star., 1944-03-07

OF organized and equipped offensive.
DIVISIONS. Can the Germans find enough
DIVISIONS Tor the huge task of oustinp
the Russians from their present and
prospective gains? No doubt the Ger
mans nave been planning to switch
troops from North Russia to South
Russia. troops gained by tie shortening
of their lines.
But there hardly has leen time for
thlS, nor have the mort lern lines as
yet been shortened suff ;iently to give
much margin in released divisions
Even If the Germans now abandoned
PskoV and go straight back to the
DVlna, they will not be able Gin all
probability to get cash" returns in
tlme TO save themselves in the south
Inc reserves for this counterattack. IL
IL Is to be launched with any hope of
success, must come from elsewhere.
Then from where? OF course. Won
Mannstein would give his eye teeth for
the 10 (perhaps 20 or 2D German di-
visions now locked in battle with the
Allied armies in Italy. Have the Ger.
mans paid too high a Russian price
Tor the holding of barren italian noun
talns? 1t is quite possible. Do they
have sufficient central reserve to
make this further expenditure In
Russia? Possibly they have, but at
the cost of depriving their Western
front OF the support of any central
reserve at all, should one be needed
there.
Somehow, somewhere, they must find
the troops they need, or else. If the
Russians can push on to Tarnopol and
especially to Proskurov, the German
high command must see It's southern
army'group entirely cut off from direct
communication with GERMANY and
made dependent for supply, reinforce
ment and also for withdrawal on the
Rumanian railways and the uncertain
passages of the River Dnieper
tcopyright, 1914. N. =. Tribune. Ine)