davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1944-08-22
German 18th Army
By Maj. George Fielding Eliot

are Of the defensive type, sadly lack
ing in transport and unable to man
euver quickly to meet the onset OF the
tremendously powerful and swift-mov-
ing Allied forces. We are seeing what
happens in such a situation in South
ern France, where all the German de-
fensive divisions in that area have been
able to do is to sit tight in Cannes,
Toulon. AK and Marseille. Let the
Allies occupy the whole country and
wait to be attacked. The same, also,
has been true in Brittany There is
no hope and no future In more static,
local defense Of that eort. 1t can be
contained, by-passed and left behind.
Can any Of the German armor get
away from the debacle south of the
Seine? Possibly some of it can, but
not very much. The losses of German
tanks from our air and artillery fire
have been extremely heavy-enough to
account for the bulk of the equipment
Of all the German armored divisions
known to have been with the 7th
Army. There are reports that some
Of the IS formations, many of which
were armored, are getting away by the
process Of leaving Wehrmacht troops
behind to hold of pursuit.
%Ak -
And then some of them will be cut
oil even on the other side Of the Seine.
The comparatively inlmobile German
troops Of the 18th Army cannot move
quickly enough to give proper shelter
to their fugitive comrades. The Amer
ican bridgehead across the Seine in the
vicinity Of Nantes Gassicourt may be
only the first Of several, and it is quite
conceivable that the Allied intention Is
to drive north from the Seine to the
coast in the direction Of Dieppe.
1t Is interesting to note that 1t is
into this peninsula that the principal
German crossings of the Seine are now
IN progress, at Quilleboeuf, Duclair and
Caudebecq. While there is, of course.
no certainty as to Allied plans, one
might keep in mind that this terrain
Is suitable for the use of air-borne
troops, and that the recent organiza-
ton Of complete air-borne army under
1t. Gen. Brereton indicates an antici-
patton Of Supreme Allied Headquarters
Of the need for large force which could
quickly intervene in q situation of Just
the type which Is now shaping up i'm
mediAtely north Of the lower course Of
the Seine.
tcos,risht ie44 The Tribune e.,
Evening star., 1944-08-22

aim of this flowing oratory was to throw
dust In the eyes Of the people who then
believed that their great statesmen actu-
ally had worked out q solution to cure
the major ills OF the world.
There are those who maintain that the
conception Of absolute secrecy adopted
by the State Department and apparently
by the British and Russian delegations
Is entirely wrong. Nothing can be kept
strictly secret at any international con-
ference where there are necessarily
divergences Of views. This has been
proved conclusively at past conferences
where somebody always spilled the
beans. 1t happened at Versailles as it
did ut all succeeding conference.-the
cluding the one at Teheran-which was
80 strongly guarded by Russian GPU
men.
The policy of keeping the press-that
is to say, the public-from vital parleys
generally rebounds on the officials who
are 50 iu-advised as to believe that the
people they are representing must be
kept In the dark until final agreement
has been reached. Rumors sometimes
based on only q spark Of truth, are
circulated freely and given full credence
by those who are purposely being kept
in ignorance. When several nations
with divergent points Of view gather
behind closed doors to discuss vital
political problems. there is a good chance
that one Of them will feel hurt and the
reaction Of her delegates Is to give a
hint to its own newspapermen of what
is going on.
These men, in turn. whisper to their
colleagues and before long, unless there
Is drastic censorship on what actually
Is published a somewhat insignificant
incident becomes a major issue In print.
Henry L. Stimson, who was one OF our
wisest Secretaries Of State and repre-
sented the American Government at the
London Naval Conference, soon learned
that secrecy does not pay when the
divergent interests of several countries
are involved. He arrived in London
firmly determined that the only news
should be given in thoroughly expur-
gated form by his press officers. He
soon abandoned this policy, when he
realized that the rumor nursery was
providing the American reporters with
half truths drawn from foreign delega-
tions and that these were far more
harmful than the real, though some
times unpleasant, truth.
Evening star., 1944-08-22
The End in Siaht

In his latest statement as COM
mander of Allied land forces under
General Eisenhower, General Mont
gomery leaves no room for doubt
about the magnitude Of what has
been achieved in France since the
break-through out OF the narrow
confines OF the Cotentin Peninsula.
Paying special tribute to the sensa-
tional American drive and properly
emphasizing the vital contribution
made by the air forces and by Brit
ish, Canadian and Polish troops, he
now declares without reservation
that the German armies have SUI
fered a decisive defeat.
General Montgomery is driven by
a desire to finish of the business in
record time" a desire enthusiastic
cally shared by all the men under
him. The end OF the war is in
sight" he says, and although much
remains to be done, it will now be
done the more easily" because of
the great victory already won and be-
cause Of the additional impetus and
inspiration that that victory is bound
to impart to the mighty team"
responsible for it. The main objec-
tive continues to be the destruction
OF the harried remnants OF the
enemy's shattered forces In France.
The liberation of Paris and the seiz-
ure OF Hitler's flying bomb sites are
merely incidental to this, for, as one
Allied officer has put it, we're shak-
ing the tree to uproot the German
Army, not primarily to get the fruit"
But, incidental though it may be,
the fruit is highly important. AL.
ready half isolated by American
armor, Paris in itself is a great prize,
II only for political and psychologi-
cal reasons. And although launch
ing sites for the flying bomb exist
in Belgium, the elimination of those
in the Pas de Calais area is more
than likely to put major crimp in
Hitler's use of this weapon. Thus,
by smashing across the Seine to
effect another development Of the
enemy, our forces place themselves
within 80 miles Of those sites and
promise to bring some relief to the
suffering London region even while
they continue chopping up the re-
treating German armies.
Taken as a whole, the situation in
France with annihilation facing
the enemy in the northwest and
with our invading Allied armies
steadily gaining in the south-fully
justifles General Montgomery's high
degree of optimism. Every sign sug-
gests that the entire country will be
swept clear of the Nazis in the rela-
lively near future. Indeed, with the
Russians still pounding ahead in
Poland, we seem clearly to be near
ing that day when the European
'theater OF combat will consist of
nothing but Germany itself. And
when that time comes, despite what
ever miracle weapons" he may have
up his sleeve, Hitler will hardly be
able to keep on shooting for long.
The end is truly in sight.
Evening star., 1944-08-22
The Law Needs Chonoino
From the Detroit News.

from the Detroit News
No good can come of the MONTGOMERY
Ward case unless it is understood that
what needs criticism in the particular
connection is the law itself, not the
execution OF it. The public has been
struck by the glaring contrast between
the seizure of this retail business and
the failure to act with an equal show
OF decisiveness against the endless sue.
cession OF strikes in war plants. Re.
sentiment thus has been focused on ths
Governments war labor policies and its
lndlnerence to gross violation of the
antistrike pledge. This feeling could
be turned to useful account but will
not be, if expended on extraneous issues.
IT ought to be understood that the
remedy must come, not from any mere
change in the Presidents attitude
however desirable that might be-bus
by changing the law.
Evening star., 1944-08-22
charges which have not yet been

charges which have not yet been
proved.
Meanwhile, 1t Is interesting to note
Admiral Kimmel's assertion that the
Roberts report does not contain "the
basic truths" of the Pearl Harbor
catastrophe and his statement that
the people of this country will be
amazed" by the truth when it final-
ly comes out. This is the first time
he has spoken in such vein, and 1t
indicates the sensational nature OF
the defense at the court-martial,
when the time Gomez to hold 1t.
Evening star., 1944-08-22
This Changing World
By Cossfsntjxs Byo,Cn

The veil of secrecy With which the
state Department has decided = cover
the Dumbarton OalEs security conference
u likely to harm rather than helm the
preliminary talks which are said to be
regarded by the Big Three - one Of
the milestones Of postwar security.
Behind closed doors the delegates Of
the United States, Great Britain and
Russia viii discuss the question OF the
formation Of m international force to
prevent the outbreak OF wars in he
future. The American people are ex-
pected to furnish an important contin-
gent OF men and much war material for
such purpose.
Yet the public, which Is footing the
bill. will not know how our principal
war associates intend to handle the
situation. Nothing will be known for
some time about whether the American
forces will be incorporated into 4 great
international police army or whether 1t
will be given the task Of taking care of
certain areas.
The State Department explains that
the Dumbarton Oaks parley Is not actu-
ally conference but only preliminary
excnange OF views among the represent
aoAVCc Va tAlC HAIOI AAlcS 10 QeteTMlne q
program for the future security OF the
world. Once this program has been
established, another meeting-a full
hedged conference, with high ranking
delegates. advisers, secretaries and the
inevitable propaganda services-will be
held. The public then will be given all
the news that safely can be given out.
- -
Previous experiences show, however,
that these minor exchange OF views"
are far more important than full -dress
conferences because 1t is the behind
closed doors" that great decisions are
reached. Full-dress conferences with
headline names among the delegates are
held only after the main decisions have
been taken and later confirmed-again
secretly-by the heads Of state or their
chief lieutenants.
At all the international gatherings,
beginning with the ill-fated Versailles
conference, little happened at the pie
nary sessions. All the work was done by
experts In committee in secret and in
secluded gathering Of the Big Four"
The plenary sessions were occupied with
long and sometimes tedious speeches in
which silver -tongued statesmen poured
out pleasant generalities. The principal
Evening star., 1944-08-22

The most interesting military ques-
ton to be asked at the moment Is:
Can the Germans make another major
stand in France?
We could probably answer this ques-
ton If we knew how much Of the Ger
man 18th Army has been involved in
7th Army.
guarding the robot-bomb coast. Up to
a few days ago, there was evidence that
the Germans were keeping 1t intact
for that purpose. But as the Allied
blows began to smash into the German
front along the old Normandy line from
Caen to st. Lo and Lessay, there Is
evidence that the 18th Army was called
upon for help. When the American
break through west of st. Lo carried
past Avranches. leaving the German
left flank In the air, Won Kluege tried
to restore the situation by hurting four
Of his best Panzer divisions in . west-
ward counterattack across the Amer
lean supply roads. To do this. he had
to weaken his right wing, the vital
Caen hinge" of his whole position. He
must have known that his greatest dam
ger then lay In the British Canadian
break-through In the direction of Fa-
laise-so at this point, apparently, he
again called on the 18th Army for
more troops to bolster up this eastern
part Of his front.
These various reinforcements have
become involved in the disaster which
has overtaken the 7th Army. In
what shape has the 18th Army been
left? II we knew that, We could make
much more accurate analysis Of the
immediate future of the Battle of
France One or two points, even now,
are clear
We must remember that the bulk OF
the German armored and motorized di-
visions in France were already with the
7th Army. The 18th Army con-
sisted for the most part Of defensive
divisions, which do not have much
motor transport and therefore lack mo-
bility. It had few first-class infantry
divisions, and perhaps one or two ar
mored divisions, and 1t would be these
two types Of divisions which were sent
to help the 7th Army, since they
are the only divisions which could be
moved.
We may assume that almost ali the
remaining divisions Of the 18th Army
Evening star., 1944-08-22
PIonninq for Peace

Inc representatives OF the govern
ments of Britain, Russia and the
United States, in their statements
at the opening of the preliminary
security discussions at Dumbarton
Oaks, have analyzed the problem of
the maintenance of peace with ad-
mirable clarity. They know what
needs to be done to prevent another
world war, and, in a general way at
least, they know how they propose
to do 1t. What remains is the trans
lation of these concepts into a fn-
ished plan and functioning organ
ization. That will be a long step,
but 1t can and must be taken.
In his brief remarks at the open
Ing OF the session, Secretary of State
Hull outlined the problem in Ian
guage that was both forceful and
clear. This war came upon the
world because men refused to take
to heart the lessons of the conflict
which ended on November II, 1918.
When the aggressors were moving
swiftly toward this war, the peace
loving states were paralyzed by
lack of unity growing out of their
inability or unwillingness to under
stand the nature of the peril con-
fronting them. Finally, at the elev-
enth hour, they came to stand to-
gether, and through the exercise of
their united strength they are fast
bringing the war-makers to their
doom. But the peaceful states, and
the world at large, have had to pay
a frightful price for their long reluc-
tance to make common cause
against the common danger.
Citing this record, Mr.. Hull rightly
contends that our only hope for the
future lies in unity for common
action toward common good and
and against common peril" How is
this unity to be maintained and ef-
fectively implemented?
The Secretary of State mentions
some OF the conditions. The "insti-
tutional foundations" for a Just and
enduring peace must support ar
rangements for the peaceful settle
ment OF international disputes and
for tine joint use of force, if neces-
sary, to prevent or suppress threats
to the peace or breaches of the
peace" This cannot be done
through the instrumentalities of the
Big Three" or the Big Four" alone.
1T cannot be emphasized too often
that the principle of the sovereign
equality of all loving states.
irrespective OF size and strength, as
partners in system of order under
law, must constitute the foundation
OF any future international organi-
cation for the maintenance of peace
and security" Finally, there is full
aWareness that no institution, such
as the one now in contemplation,
will endure unless there is behind it
considered and complete popular
support"
These understandings are the
basic materials with which the dele
gates to the conference at Dunbar
ton Oaks must begin their labors.
1t will bear repeating that the task
OF converting the basic understand
ings into finished plan and organi-
zation is not going to be an easy one.
But it will also bear repeating that
the task is one which can and must
be performed.
Evening star., 1944-08-22

developed since 1918 gives US IN idea
Of what may flow from the grim
novelties being introduced today.
The prospect Is sobering and star
tling enough to make lasting peace
seem imperative, lest civilization in
another Is or 80 years be engulfed
in q struggle even more terrible than
the one convulsing it now.
Evening star., 1944-08-22
Dumburton Ouks

One Of the constructive effects of
the present international conference
In Washington will be to make
Dumbarton Oaks famous through
out the world. The beauty OF the
house, its furnishings, decorations
and grounds is certain to remain in
the memory Of all participants in
the meetings. For the information
OF Americans as well as visitors from
abroad, a few words Of explanation
OF the history Of the property may
be offered.
The land, it seems, was acquired
from Thomas Beall by william H.
Dorsey, first Judge of the local
Orphans Court, in the administra-
ton OF Thomas Jefferson in 1900.
His house was constructed between
1900 and 1904. It was sold then to
Robert Beverly of Essex County.
Virginia. whose wife was Jane. a
sister Of Colonel John Tayloe, the
builder OF the celebrated Octagon
House. The Beverlys owned the
place until 1922, when it passed to
James E. Calhoun OF South Carolina
and thus became the residence of
his brother, John c. Calhoun, secre-
tary OF War under James Monroe
and Vice President with John Quincy
Adams and Andrew jackson. Called
Acrolophos and Monterey at dif-
ferent periods, the whole estab-
lishment was bought by Edward M.
Linthicum in l846. The next pro-
prietor was Colonel Henry M. Blount,
from whom the mansion and its
immediate surroundings received its
present name. Much more i'm.
portant, however, were the costly
improvements added by Robert
Woods Bliss, former Ambassador to
the Argentine Republic, and his
wife, during their tenancy beginning
about a decade ago. Harvard Uni
versity is the actual holder of the
deed, but the people OF Washington
especially and their guests are the
benef1ciaries Of their exquisite taste.
discrimination and generosity.
Evening star., 1944-08-22
Impossible Miracle

From the Topeka Capital.
Celluloid, the first plastic, was devel-
oped in 1869 on wood pulp base. al
q result of a search for q substitute for
ivory billiard balls-but they can't grow
hair on plastics, either.
Evening star., 1944-08-22

Some doctors charge such high
fees that patients wish the OPA
would establish a reasonable healing
price on their services.
Evening star., 1944-08-22

The feature In the European the
ater OF war is the dizzy reel of
German armies trying to escape.
Evening star., 1944-08-22
Letters to The Star
Denies There il Wasted Blood
In Red Gross Plasma
10 the Editor Of The star:

10 the Editor Of me star:
understand story Is going the
rounds which may retard the important
and necessary Red Gross blood donor
campaign.
1t is reported that 70 much blood IL
being donated that 3 considerable pro-
portion OF each gift Is thrown away.
This Ii untrue!
Blood consists Of 4 fluid called
"plasma" in which are suspended red
and white blood corpuscles. This is
called whole blood" The corpuscles
contain elements which must match the
blood OF the donee In order to avoid
illness or even death to the donee.
The plasuna. on the other hand, may be
used Unfortunately and Is safe wheth.
er the two bloods match or not.
On the battlefield or the warship in
action there il not time to match the
bloods Of the donor and the donee and
practicability demands that plasma be
used as quick, safe method Of saving
life.
Therefore. the corpuscles are removed
from most Of the blood specimens and
the remaining plasma is dried and sent
overseas. The remaining corpuscles are
useful when made into q paste which is
applied to ulcers and slow healing
wounds. Healing thereby is acceler-
ated remarkably.
1t Is important at this time for the
public to know that no part OF the
blood Is wasted; and / hope that this
explanation will stop repetition Of the
story which prompted this letter.
The Red Cross needs donors and the
blood given at this time will mean the
return to their homes Of soldiers or
sailors who otherwise would die of
wounds.
Why not give some blood tomorrow?
The experience will be interesting, pain
less and perfectly safe.
JAMES A. CANNON. ND, F.A.C.s.
Evening star., 1944-08-22

fre1efs Republican Nominee
TO the Editor Of The Star:
In answer to the recent letter of Mar
guerite Parks, offer the following COM
ments with regard to . Roosevelt WILL
kie coalition:
Being 4 Texas Democrat by choice
and not q New Dealer, 1t is rather dif-
dcult to see how this could be accom-
plished. True, Wendell Willkie is an
exact prototype of Mr.. Roosevelt and
that is the probable reason that he
withdrew from the presidential race.
The handwriting was on the wall and
Mr.. Wilkie knew it.
And speaking of liberalism" whoever
heard Of Republican being liberal7
Perhaps the lady meant liberal, as IA
practiced by the New Deal-liberal with
everybody else's money.
There Is nothing, In my opinion,
which would be more repulsive. The
very thought Is nAuseating.
Why not do the right thing next No.
vember? shelve the New Deal with all
Of its CIo, Sidney Hillman, Kelly ma
chine, lame-duck bureaucratic bunglers
substitute real red-blooded American
party, ana elect to ONCE 1 man who be-
heves in government "of, by and for the
people" LEA6UM G. JONES.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-03-05
HOUSES FoR sEIE-EHsr
BENNINGTON. M MACK
Irl.rraaLaHa Enaaa.n-

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bedrooms. > regDlar sire bedrooms
sll-iiie bath separate Tie snow e.
Gar Wood heating unit kuofff pre-
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Zoe 60Ni62 and many other features
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rFftfuFFT rfntfA Under CorsfrLct1n-
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Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-03-05
HOOVER. 1889
Mary Grove s Nile Sec

WfIy IIONe D Nile SEC.
Attractive So fscs brick gar rat
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Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-03-05
ELMER NJ. CLARK

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Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-03-05
Income Bung. Tor Sole-West

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Move quick steam 2 gar ask
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Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-03-05
FLATS FOR SALE-EAST

ANDEFDON SIS furnished lower
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Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-03-05
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