davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-10-09
The Puttern Is Set

Governor Deweys speech at
Charleston, W. Va, indicates that
the pattern OF his presidential cam
paign is set. He has made his prin-
clpal points. Apparently he will
concentrate from now until election
day on driving them home.
In his earlier speeches, Governor
Dewey declared his position with
respect to foreign policy, labor, agri-
culture, social security, taxation,
racial minorities, etc. In future
addresses, as at Charleston, he prob
ably will review these statements.
But as the campaign draws to a close
his main objective evidently will be
to uncover and exploit the weak
points in the record of the New Deal.
One of these vulnerable points is
the campaign alliance between the
Roosevelt forces and the Com
munlSts. This is undoubtedly en-
barraSsing to the President and his
Democratic supporters. 1t may even
be a case of the Communists re-
fusing to take mo" for an answer.
but so long as the President is going
to be the beneficiary of the Com
munist vote, Mr. Dewey is deter
mined to take all the political adj
vantage to be gained from the
emphatic dislike which the Amer
lean people have for our domestic
communists and all their works.
This is the reason for his emphasis
on the Presidents soft disclaimer"
OF Communist support and his effort
to show that the Communists are
backing the New Deal, not because
they love it, but for sinister purposes
OF their own. They 'love to fish in
troubled waters" and, according to
Governor Dewey, the fishing will be
better for them if the New Deal
remains in power for another four
years.
The Republican candidate also
made the most of what he termed
the administrations "bungling" of
conversion for war production. Mr..
Dewey concentrated his fire on the
prize monstrosity" of the old Office
of Production Management, which
the President set up under the CO.
equal direction of William Knudsen
and Sidney Hillman. That was an
outstanding. example of bad admin
istration, a setup which could not
possibly function successfully. Yet,
the President, at the time, brushed
aside all. criticism in his confidence
that the arrangement was a good
one. OF course, it failed, land he
substituted something else, but it is
a vulnerable point in his record and
MIR. Dewey has legitimate reason to
cite it as an argument in support
OF his contention that "it Is time
for a change"
With the election only four weeks
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-10-09

half = decade OF bitter struggle.
Greek armies were in control OF
Koritza and other portions Of the
territory from October. 1910, until
April, 1941, when the Germans came
to the aid OF their Italian allies.
The Statesman's Yearbook for 1913
says: 1.-THE Albanians are in revolt.
At the end Of 1912 four guerrilla
groups were operating in the coun-
try. There have been sabotage
and organized resistance especially
among students and young people
In general"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-10-09
Spring Measuring

Ttotce since you left has springtime so,D
unturled
Her green and yelloto banners oper
iearth.
At first gaze no heed the ciyclinu ,porld
Had dared tnu1de my loneliness NTH
mirth
OF crocns heads Qutck-popping IN the
Idtrn,
OF lilac buds forgetting promised sno,o.
OF 1cillo,ns trying golden sunlight on
or noticed in iDhat patterns soft
n1oies 90.
1t seemed the changing seasons told
again
The long hours OF your absence. Then
/ knetD
Each blessed spring adpanced the mo-
nlent iUhen
The door tDould open on the dreamed
OF you.
As measure OF your conntag. then, n,y
dear,
! DO accept The sprtngtids o. this reorf
VIRGINIA SCOTT MINER.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-10-09

pose. They use the few good battalions
they do have over and over again, shift
ing them hastily from one point to
another. Consequently they suffer dis
proportionately heavy losses, and while
their local counterthrusts are fierce
enough, there has not been enough
punch to them to effect anything more
than q temporary and entirely local
check to the American infantry.
The result has been that the LIST
Army has pushed through the zone in
which the permanent Notifications are
TO be encountered, and is now con-
fronted by earthworks -trenches-which
the Germans have hastily dug opposite
the American area of penetration. We
should not sell the trench too short. It
Is good shelter for defending infantry,
and it has the virtue Of being FORTH
cation which the infantry can make for
itself overnight, and exactly where 1t
is wanted.
But it has the defect of being dificult
to conceal, especially when newly dug.
Airplanes can spot it, and bring to bear
upon 1t heavy concentrations of artillery
fire. II the present good weather con-
tinues, therefore, the progress Of the
LIST Army should now be somewhat
faster because its artillery can be Of
more help to the infantry against tar
gets which are easier to register upon.
But 1t is interesting to observe that
Gen. Eisenhower is still doing business
along the well-developed lines which
brought him victory in Tunisia, Sicily
and Normandy.
He continues to make war by capital
izing upon the difficulties and shortages
of his enemy. Having offered by the
attack Of the LIST Army q threat which
the enemy dares not ignore, and which,
II it Is to be stopped must attract to
that part Of the enemys defensive zone
something much more formidable in the
way Of mobile reserves than has yet
appeared there, he now hurls In another
major attack between Metz and Nancy
which has the effect Of pinning down
the enemy reserves on that part Of the
front.
AS this attack progressed It follows
almost rs q mathematical conclusion to
any one who has taken note Of the
Eisenhower offensive methods, that
there will be q third blow, aimed at .
part Of the front where enemy weakness
has developed because Of the enemy's
necessities elsewhere.
(cepsrisht ele<4.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-10-09
Small Nations Preferred

To the Editor Of The Star:
A nation is a spiritual entity having
definite land boundaries Citizenship
Is spiritual relation of an individual
to the national group. Nationality can
be changed. Nations come and 60.
Politics is q function of the spirit.
Nations comprise people of different
colors and different languages. Some
are large and some are little. Some small
nations, like Great Britain, are very
great in their influence upon the affairs
OF the world and some large nations,
like Brazil, have very little world wide
influence.
Race is of the flesh. Language is of
the tongue. Government is of the mo-
ment. But nationality Is Of the spirit
Sumner Welles wants to make three
nations out Of Germany on the theory
that q small nation is less dangerous
than large one. Only few years ago
Germany was many nations, but today
1t is one nation and no physical bar
riers can do what Mr.. Welles wants
done.
The problem of Germany is spiritual
problem. 1t Is not matter of size.
Hitler's Fortress Europa" was big
enough but 1t was not spiritual entity.
The division of Germany will have to
be spiritual or 1t will not divide. Until
some Germans can be alienated from
Schopenhauer and Nietzsche there will
be no division of Germany.
Now as to the United Nations, great
nations and small can be united not
upon the basis Of exact proportional
representation, but upon q basis of
spiritual equality.
This does not mean that Costa Rica
and the United States shall have an
equal voice in determining when and
where the fleet shall tight. Quite the
contrary. Spiritual equality means
equality O, rights and duties and power,
but certainly not in violation of pro-
portionality.
The organization Of the League of
Nations was an honest attempt at spir-
itual equality. De Valera Of Ireland was
once the president of the league. Ham
bro Of Norway still is president.
Great nations and small can work
together on a basis Of spiritual equality,
but not on a basis Of physical equality.
There Is need to explore this matter
of the spiritual equality. OF nations as
wei as of men.
In honor, in self government, in sane
tity Of boundaries, in property rights,
in security from attack and in internal
sovereignty the smallest nation is equal
to the largest. But In powers, and con-
sequently In duties and responsibilities,
they cannot be equal
The United Nations will have to be
organized on the basis Of the spiritual
equality Of nations.
RALPH ALBERTSON.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-10-09
German Defensive Zones
By Mai. Georee Fieldins Eliot

AS we consider the nature of the
fighting on the LIST Army front we
should keep in mind that what we
call for convenience The Siegfried
Line" is not really line at all, but a
deep defensive zone where the Germans
have not only constructed Notifications
and obstacles but are also taking adj
vantage Of every terrain feature for
defensive purposes.
In this area, the permanent works
appear to consist mainly of tank OBJ
stacles and pillboxes. The tank obstacles
are not, apparently, disposed in great
depth. There were one or two belts Of
the curiously shaped concrete dragons
teeth" near the frontier, but no front
report has mentioned finding these
things farther back. In any case, these
obstacles are perfectly visible, and they
do no more than impose delay because
they can be broken through by we'll
equipped engineers without great diff
Guilty.
Their purpose is to prevent sudden
surprise attack by an overwhelming
force Of armored troops. They serve
that purpose when they make the at
GdCkCI pdpSc W UIcdk
thus giving due warning OF his APP
proach.
Behind these obstacles, the Germans
appear to have had considerable num-
Der of well-camouflaged infantry fire.
positions (pillboxes) providing concealed
shelter and good fields of fire for ma
chine guns, automatic rifles and 81
millimeter cannon. Other infantry
groups were found in fortified buildings,
in woods and in trenches.
The Germans appear to have made
great use Of mortars, and these plus
their mobile artillery have been their
chief reliance In support Of the pillboxes.
There do not, however, seem to have
been any OF the great concrete. forts,
armed with heavy cannon, which are,
to be found in the older part Of the
Siegfried Line farther south, on the
former French German frontier. The
German artillery opposing the LIST Army
has been entirely mobile.
- $3.50
However, the heart and soul of any
effective defensive lies In cotnterattack,
and this has been the principal German
weakness. They have not enough good
mfanhy e enough afnsoe for this pun.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-10-09
Objection Registered
To the Editor of The Star:

To the Editor Of The Star:
The protesting home owners Of square
81, possible site Of the new GNU med
ical school and hospital, have been ac-
cused OF attempting to hinder the war
effort, in view of the fact that addi-
tional disqualification is needed for
civilians. But II 1t is true that the new
school and hospital are needed to beat
the Germans and the Japs. we suggest
that the FWA officials are hindering
the war effort by not selecting empty
land where no home owners would be
evicted and where work could be started
Immediately. G.R.C.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-10-09

from tomorrow, the Republicans will
put more and more emphasis on
attack. Governor Dewey, having
stated his own position, may be
expected now to hammer away at
the New Deal and to capitalize on
its failures and the i'll will which
has been building up against it.
That would seem to be his best
chance, and he undoubtedly will
make the most Of 1t.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-10-09
Letters to The Star
Tells How Word Democracy"
Gradually Became Respectable

SAs AAOV VOIu D0N1OCTdCy
Gradually Became Respectable
70 the Editor Of The Star:
The Presidents recent reference to
the loose use of the word Communism"
and his evident desire to disassociate
his campaign from the support Of the
comrades (Which seems to be no more
welcome TO him than the expressed
ardor Of the Rev. Gerald Smith for
Gov. Bricker is pleasing to that worthy
Ohioan) recalls some little known facts
in our history:
Democracy" was political smear
word In the early days OF the republic.
Democracy was loosely applied to the
feared rule of illiterate radical rabble
rousers. 1t was hurled by the Federal
lists at their opponents. Far from being
accepted by them, they denied the
charge, and called themselves the RE
publican party" It may pain our proud
"Jeffersonian Democrats" to learn that
in none of his public papers did the
sage of Monticello ever admit being a
Democrat" or defend in such terms
the principles Of democracy"
James Madison likewise avoided the
term, as did even Andrew jackson.
According to Prof Charles A. Beard, it
was not until 1910 that the large num-
Der Of plain people Boosting that they
were Democrats" prompted timid poll
ticians to espouse the term "democ-
racy" and the name Democratic party"
was used. Then for so more years no
Republican president ever claimed to
be part and parcel Of the American
Democracy" Prof. Beard declares that
1t was not until Woodrow Wilson tried
to make the world safe for democ-
racy" that the term attained a full
status of responsibility.
once knew an old banker who was
terribly upset when another bank opened
In his little town. To his dying day
he never referred to any Of the oficers
and directors in the rival institution ex-
cept as "Bolsheviks"
DWIGHT T. SCOTT.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-10-09
On the Record
By Dorothy Thomson

As the war approaches its end, 1t
becomes naked struggle for power and
position, as between the Allies, and
naked struggle for survival as far as
the Germans are concerned. Both facts
will prolong the European war.
The second fall of Warsaw is q pecu-
liar tragedy, for it occurs when our
armies are advancing From this dis
lance, and in the fog OF propaganda 1t
Is impossible to Judge whether Warsaw
might have been saved had the Soviet
Government decided on q different
. strategy. At the moment when the Po-
lish uprising occurred-on August /
the Russians were massing their forces
for push into Romania and the Bal
kans. Yet 1t Is difficult to believe that
collaboration between Polish and Soviet
forces regarding the timing might not
have been worked out
Premier Stanislaw Mikolajczyk was
In Moscow, just before the uprising &C.
CURED, and certainly must have dis
cussed 1t, in however tentative terms.
1t would seem that there was some
parallel with Paris. There 1t was the
ambition OF the French Resistance
Forces to conquer the French capital
themselves, and not get it back as wholly
a gift of the Allied armies. The Poles
must have had the same hope.
The Paris rising disconcerted Anglo
American plans. for 1t did not fit into
Gen. Eisenhower's tactics. Nevertheless
we went to the aid Of the French. De-
spite considerable animosity toward the
De Gaulle Government, our opposition
did not include the hope that his forces
would fail
The Soviets have different attitude.
1t Is easy to construe purely military
reasons for letting the opportunity to
AID Warsaw pass. In the Russo-Polish
war Of 1920, the Russians lost their CAM
paign in the battle for Warsaw. Since
then, that battle has been q major OBJ
ject OF study in Russian military schools,
and Soviet strategists have had definite
ideas of how to avoid a similar disaster.
They planned to outfiank Warsaw, and
conquer the Polish capital as the END
result Of great campaign.
But the Soviets do not seem to have
laid the plan convincingly before Pre-
mier Mikolajczyk. And this fits in with
the Soviet policy right along-to let
other people make fools Of themselves,
If they wish to.
At any rate, the fall Of Warsaw and
the capture by the Germans of Gen.
Dor has had definite political results.
The s. days uprising destroyed the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-10-09
This Changing World
By L0Nsf0nfine By0svn

With the reported capture OF Foochow,
the last free Chinese port on the China
Sea, the situation of the Chungking
government has become even more pre-
carious
The loss Of the city cannot, Of course,
seriously affect the resistance left in the
Chungking armies. But 1t Is an addi-
tional blow to the already greatly weak
ened prestige Of Generalissimo Chang
Kai-shek.
How much longer the Chungking
regime can last Is q matter Of sEecula-
ton. But all reports from the Far East
indicate there Is little resistance left in
that government which for seven years
has fought the japanese and has at
tempted to establish democratic system
OF government throughout China.
Last week Gen. Chang expressed him.
self plainly when his spokesman took
exception to Prime Minister Churchills
statement that supplies have been
reaching the Chinese over the Hump in
larger quantities than ever before. In
siding with the British Prime Minister,
President Roosevelt himself admitted
that out Of an average OF 10000 tons Of
supplies month sent to China large
portion was devoted to Mai. Gen. Claire
L. Chennaults 18th Air Force. Some
Chinese ofncials place the Agure at IS
per cent.
Few supplies could be made available
to organize an effective army, although
the personnel for such an army was
available. The Chinese also point out
that in that last few months serious
epidemics have broken out in the
country and there is not enough medi-
cines and serums to cope with them.
: On the other hand, the Chungking
ofacials say that the Communist armies
are receiving more supplies from Russia
than Gen. Chang is receiving from the
Allies. While no spectacular amounts
are sent to the Communists either be-
cause of the difficulties of transporta-
ton there is continuous trickle of
military supplies which eventually will
make the Communist army superior to
Chiang's army.
The Communists no longer are Tight
ing the Japanese. According to the
Chinese. they are preparing for the time
when Gen. Chang collapses and will
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-10-09
Pots Calling Kettles
To the Editor Of The Star:

To the Editor Of The Star:
In his latest speech, President Roose-
welt pointed opt that it has been the
habit OF Fascists to call those who dis
agree with them Communists" But he
never mentioned that 1t also has been
the habit Of Communists to call those
who disasrss with them @Fascists."
]. =. 2OaNY.
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1944-09-30
Duck" Units Do
Great Supply
Job in France

With u. S. Army Forces in
France - One of the wars great
est jobs of supplying the front lines
with food and ammunition is cred
tied to Negro amphibious truck
companies which landed in France
with the invasion army and have
been working day and night ever
since.
A duck" travelling on land looks
like big whale numbering down
the road at so miles an hour, but in
water all but the rims of the top
structure are submerged. The ducks
go dashing down the beaches and
head straight out into the water
where the driver shifts the under
carriage propeller into action and
white foam starts to boil up from
behind. An empty duck will buck
head on into Is foot wave and
keep right on going to the next one.
General Eisenhower has watched
and commented favorably on the
operations of duck companies on
several occasions. And both the
King of England and Prime Minis
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1944-09-30

Mr.. H. D. Watts of Berkeley, Ca,
who was recent visitor In the city
as guest of his mother-in-law, Mrs.
Fannie Washington and sister, Miss
w. B. Brown, Savage street.
Before coming to Jackson, Mr..
Watts visited in Beloid, Wis, where
he was joined by his mother, Mrs.
Disken Watts who came to Jackson
with him.
Both visitors were tended many
social coutresies by Mrs. Washing
ton and Miss Brown, including a
motor trip to Piney Woods Coun-
try Life School where they were
guests in the home of Mrs. Nellie
Bass. Others who made the trip
to Piney Woods were: Mrs. Geral-
dine Rawls and Mrs. Ida Golden.
Mr.. Watts is the husband of Mrs.
Virginia Watts, nee Virginia Wash
eington and both he and his wife
are former graduates of Piney
Woods Country Life School
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1944-09-30
Seth Annual Session OF State
Federation Clubs To Meet In
Jackson, November 2-3
Theme of Meet: "The Task Is Our
Face It,"

Alcorn, Miss.-Mrs. M M HUI
bert, president of the Mississippi
State Federation of Colored Wo-
mems Clubs has just released a
tentative program for the Both an
nual session to be held at the Cen
trail M E. church, Jackson, Novem-
Der 2 and 3. The theme of the
convention, says Mrs. Hubert is,
THE Task Is Ours-Face It." hav-
ing in our thinking the place of
club women in the postwar world
program"
The executive board, of which
Mrs. L. T. Miller, Yazoo City, is
chairman will hold its meeting in
the forenoon of November 2. The
Junior Federation, sponsored by
Mrs. c. A. Hall. will hold an ora
torical contest November 3. The
subject of the orations will be
How Can 1, A Club Girl, Best
Serve My Community's and My
Country's Needs?" Cash prizes will
be awarded the winners.
Reports on the Lawrence c.
Jones Essay Contest will be heard
at the federation. This contest pro-
vides thirty dollars in cash prizes
to elementary and high school pu-
pills who write on the subject" The
Value of a Recreation Center" The
contest closes December 25.
Principal L. c. Jones of Piney
Woods sponsors the contest to a
rouse interest in recreation as a ba-
sic need for children and adults
and as a means of informing the
public of the recreation center at
Clinton, which is being developed
by the Mississippi State Federation
with the support of the Boy Scouts,
extension service, and other agen-
cies.
Club women form all over the
State will attend the Jackson meet
ing. Other officers of the fedora
ton includes: Mrs. M. ]. Lyells.
scorn, vice president; Mrs c. w
Williams, Oakley, second vice pre-
sident; Mrs. A. M. Redmond, Jack
son, secretary; Mrs. L. T. Ellis,
Laurel, assistant secretary; Mrs. f.
H. Strother, Vicksburg, correspond
ing SECRETARY; Mrs. l.. c. Jefferson,
Vicksburg, treasurer; Mrs. NJ. F.
Rowan, Alcorn, organizer; Mrs. M
B. R. Warren. Vicksburg, chaplain;
Mrs. Nellie Bass, Piney Woods
auditor; Mrs. A. w. Dumas, Sr.,
Natchez, parliamentarian; Mrs. T.
B. Coleman, Natchez, pianist; Mrs
r, M. Tademy, co-director of Jun
ior federation.
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1944-09-30
Negro Troops
Supply Tons Of
Food Daily

Headquarters, Advanced Section,
Communications Zone, France =
The 3264th quartermaster service
company has certainly kept the
stomachs of the men of the First
and Third Armies well filled, by
supplying them with more than
100000 pounds of food daily, via
a quartermaster supply depot not
far behind the lines in the adj
vanced section in France.
According to First Lieutenant
Lester w. Gordon, of 1925 Pacific
street, Brooklyn, NY, that was the
average amount of rations handled
daily by this one Negro company
alone during the most difficult
phases of the drive for France and
in the maintenance of supplies dur
ing the most speedy advances.
The unit, which landed in Eng
land on July IL, 1912, waded in to
the beachheads in France on June
80, and took over the job of sup
plying the front lines. 1t struck its
high mark at Bouteville, in Nor
mandy, with the 800 tons being
rushed, by convoy, right up to the
fighting men at the front. For three
weeks it supplied the advance
points on the front lines, and has
done the same job during the past
month.
The 3264th is commanded by
First Lieutenant Leroy E. Tyler,
white, of 125 Hewitt street, Tren-
ton, N. j. It has another Negro Of
ficer, in addition to Lieutenant
Gordon. He is Second Lieutenant
Leonard w. Cobb, ST., of 229 Cor
nell Avenue, Drexel, Dayton, Ohio,
who joined them in February, 1914.
First Sergeant of the company is
James Rufus Blackwell, of 1903
31st Avenue, Meridian, Miss, son
of Mr.. and Mrs. George w. Black
well.
The men work round the clock
on regular shifts, and accomplish
their tasks with such efficiency,
that, according to Master Sergeant
Paul j. McCannon, of Sullivan,
Ind, who is in charge of the depot
labor and operations unit: Its the
best damned company in the United
States army"