davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1944-03-24
Dapid Laurence

In war some mistakes are inevitable.
The Navy has made its mistakes as
well as the Army. The loss of four
cruisers at night in 1912 in the Solo
mons, when the Japanese caught us
by surprise in harbor, is a case in
point. But the news was announced
shortly thereafter, though the blame
for what happened has never been dis
closed for fear, it is understood Of
hurting the feelings of another country
whose naval officer had a primary re-
sponsibility in the affair. Other mis-
takes have doubtless occurred in firing
on ground troops with ones own artil-
lery.
The answer to all this is relent-
less study of the facts by disinterested
tribunals and the fostering of a spirit
of cooperation between the armed
services at all levels. Coordination on
paper must always be supplemented
by wholehearted cooperation in the
field not only at the top level but all
along the line
1t would be interesting to know what
actual planning was done in North
Africa in advance of the Sicilian opera
ton by all branches of the armed serv-
ices concerned and whether the sending
Of the air-borne troops at night into a
location close to the firing line was a
laSt-minute decision or whether it was
anticipated in advance as a military
operation. 1t would be interesting to
know just which branch of our armed
services is really responsible for the
loss of the 40 American boys It's
an unpleasant subject but in the end
constructive results can flow from ex-
amining unpleasant subjects even willis
the war is in progress
Reproduction Rights Reserved)
Evening star., 1944-03-24

by the planes, and that the Associated
Press dispatch of last week which ex-
pressed the view of naval authorities in
the area abroad to the effect that the
air forces operated separately in this
venture was inaccurate.
2. The air forces enjoy autonomy Of
authority only at the top level of the
staff, but not in the field, where they
operate under orders of the theater COM
mander and on no front is an air off,
Ger in overall command.
3. The air forces are not using their
energies to promote a separate or inde-
pendent air force, but are devoting
their attention to the problems of the
war. They feel they have been unfairly
criticized for their part in the Sicilian
episode.
+
4. The headquarters viewpoint of the
Army takes broad view OF the whole
Evening star., 1944-03-24

are sadly handicapped in their defense
OF Myitkytna, and it is hardly to be
wondered at that Allied forces have
been making steady progress If our
air-borne troops can maintain their
grip on the railway and the river, the
ability Of the Japanese in North Burma
to go on fighting will come to an end
when their last cartridge and their
last shell have been fired. Allied forces
have already reported considerable cap
lures of Japanese material of war,
which will not help to improve the
japanese situation.
OF course, our air-borne forces are in
a dangerous position indeed. They are
right in the middle of an enemy held
country, dependent for the time being
entirely on air support and supply The
enemy will make desperate efforts to
wipe them out. for If he loses Myitkyina
and Bhamo, it will not be very long
before the Ledo road will be extended
to those points, and Bhamo already has
a good road connection with the Burma
road to Running. In other words, what
we are playing for is the reopening Of
road traffic between China and India,
and we are in fair way to accom-
plish 1t.
X
The natural Japanese reaction, aside
from operations directly against our
road-blocking enterprise, is to intensity
the offensive west of the Chindwin
River, toward Imphal. But this seems
desperate business, undertaken very
largely as a diversion, and q not too
hNy M -
superiority, for one thing, must make
the supply of any considerable japanese
force extremely precarious, the more so
the farther the Japanese get from their
river bases along the Chindwin. There
seems no reason to suppose that the
Japaneseedyance On 1mphal cannot be
Evening star., 1944-03-24
This Changing World

pansion at the expense Of their neigh
bors. Under the circumstances, It Is
impossible to say that those who have
accepted the charter at its face value
consider 1t other than an "inflexible"
document. Frontiers and forms Of gov
ernment are necessarily flexible. They
have been so ever since the beginning
of history.
And the President and Prime
Minister recognized this fact when
desire no territorial changes that do
not accord with the freely expressed
wishes of the peoples concerned; or,
when they solemnly declared that
they respect the right of all peoples
to choose the form Of government under
which they will live. :"
These carefully worded sentences pro-
vided for territorial transfers and gov
ernment changes, but recognized the
immutable right of the nations thus
concerned to decide on them of their
own free will. The postwar physical
aspect of the world was thus recognized
as being flexible, but the right of the
peoples themselves to consent and decide
about these changes was infiexible.
Since December T. 1941, the foreign
policy of this country has been based on
the lofty idealism inherent in the Amer
ican people. From the practical point
Of view, however, the administration has
endeavored to dovetail this idealism with
a practical policy based on maintaining
at all cost the unity of the United Ma
tions. In the last IL months, in par
ticular. criticism of the policies OF the
other members of the United Nations
was frowned on because, we were told,
1t might jeopardiZe the war effort.
Evening star., 1944-03-24
Criticism in War

incident and says the transports were
under the command of the general in
charge of operations and that the air
forces operated solely as aerial truck
drivers, merely delivering men from one
destination to another as ordered.
5. The operation was highly compli-
Gated amphibious movement involving
delicate questions of timing and location.
Orders were issued, but, with 5000 ships
at sea in that area and with many Of
the troops in action for the first time,
it appears that orders were not always
understood or properly delivered. This
is also the detached viewpoint of Army
headquarters here.
6. AS for suppression or withholding
Of the news for eight months, this is
explained as the responsibility of the
commander in the local theater of
operations affected, and though Wash
ington may think certain things should
be announced, the local commander
evidently has the final say. In this
instance the local commander presum-
ably felt that to disclose any part of
the facts would have required further
disclosure and that this would have
affected operations to come.
X 4
The foregoing explanation does clear
up the point that the overall orders
for the dispatching of transport planes
did not come from the Air Forces and
that it was not done on their initiativ
Tt also explains why the news was not
Immediately revealed, but it will be
asked why, after month or so had
elapsed, the public could not have been
told the facts instead of having them
leak out accidentally and thus necessi-
tate an official statement only when
the leak occurred.
Evening star., 1944-03-24

from the north another Chinese column
is over the pass at Sumprabum and is
moving toward Myitkyina.
Nor is this ALL A statement in Thurs
days communique from New Delhi that
Allied aircraft are supporting our
ground troops in the Mawlu and Indaw
areas gives us a clear indication of the
location of our air-borne forces: Mawlu
and Indaw are stations on the railway
from Mandalay to Myitkyina, about 100
miles below the latter point. At Indaw,
the branch line to Katha leaves the
main line; Katha is only about Is miles
east of Indaw, and it lies on the IRA
waddy River, which is the only other
supply line for Myitkyina and also for
the Japanese base at Bhamo. There
fore II our air-borne troops also control
Katha, as is quite possible, they have
cut both the rail and river supply lines
Of all the Japanese troops in North
Burma.
=
f9ndAr thee conditions tia lam nase
Evening star., 1944-03-24
Letters to The Star
MIR. Baruch Warns of Delay
Tn Postwar Plann;ns

To the Editor OF The Star:
am always interested in the attitude
of The Star on any matter Of public
concern. Consequently upon my return
from a short holiday following the con-
clusion OF my report concerning war
and postwar adjustments, read with
great satisfaction your editorial express
sion OF February 20, as well as that Of
February 49,
You are entirely right when you in
dicate that there Is no reason for Con-
gress to be apprehensive over the find
ings Of Mr.. Hancock and myself We
never contemplated, rs some Of the law
makers seem to think, .by-passing Con-
gress. On the contrary, we assumed
from the start that our report would
get nowhere unless there was complete
cooperation between the Executive and
Congress. A reading Of the report will
clearly reveal that Congress would lay
down whatever policies 1t feels are wise
and desirable. 1t is left open to Con-
gress to enact our recommendation into
law or others which it might conclude
were more to the point. However, / do
hope that our lawmakers are not focus
ing their attention more on postwar
problems than upon the necessity for
developing plans for currently stimu-
lating our war effort and adjusting that
effort from time to time to the needs
of peace as conditions will justify.
I must sound one note of warning and
that Is that unless action is had
promptly, the passage of time will work
very seriously against us and the fore
shadowing of peace will not find us
engaged in the process of adjusting our
selves to the return Of normal conditions.
You may recall that our report promised
an adventure in prosperity should we
fully prepare ourselves for the end of
hostilities during the period of transi-
tion from war to peace am fearful
we shall have an adventure in adversity
should steps not be taken quickly.
BERNARD NJ BARUCH.
Evening star., 1944-03-24


In making this announcement the
British leader left the impression that
he did not regard the charter as in
flexible. This indication already lis
creating repercussions in American
quarters which are considering that
honorable" document as the ideologi-
cal foundation for Americas participa-
tion in the war.
+
The charter contains only guiding
principles. President Roosevelt and
Prime Minister Churchill purposely
avoided any concrete matters such as
future boundaries and set forth only
cardinal points which should be applied
to all peace-loving and decent nations.
1t also contained the hope that after
the war all nations would behave in
civilized manner and abandon ag-
gressive intentions and territorial ex-
Evening star., 1944-03-24
Bolstering the Balkans

1t is difficult as yet to appraise
the scope and character of German
moves in the satellite countries of
Southeastern Europe. The military
occupation of Hungary is obviously
part of general tightening of Ger
man control throughout this region,
but it is hard to say how much of
this is done to forestall rebellious
detection and how much to set up
more efficient defense against a
contingent Russian invasion.
1t is important to remember that
Hungary has hitherto been much
less under direct German control
than either Rumania or Bulgaria.
The original agreement between
Budapest and Berlin was that Ger
man troops should not be quartered
IN Hungary, but should be merely
accorded full transit privileges.
This corresponded to the situation
which then existed. Hungary was
far removed from any but the Yugo-
slav battlefront, and that was
quickly cleared up by the German
military triumph in the spring of
1941. BY contrast, Rumania and
Bulgaria were both vital military
bases for German activities in the
Eastern Mediterranean and against
Russia. Furthermore, Rumania
contained GermanyS main natural
source of oil. Hence, those countries
have continuously harbored large
German forcesswhich are instantly
available for occupation purposes,
whereas in Hungary German troops
have to be brought in for garrison
duty.
1t is unlikely that much effective
resistance can be expected in either
Hungary or Rumania. even should
the native authorities be replaced
by what amounts to German mill
tary regime. Unouestionably the
great majority of the people in both
countries are disillusioned, disaf-
fected, and eager to get out of the
war. But fear of Soviet Russia is
widespread, and neither country,
Evening star., 1944-03-24
Red Cross DEVELOPMENT

Miss Mabel T. Boardman, in her
book entitled Under the Red Cross
Flag at Home and Abroad" explains
that prior to the organization of
the International Red Cross 'provi-
sion for the care Of the sick and
wounded was an idea of extremely
slow development" Something, how
ever, had been attempted-even
among peoples of very limited cul-
ture. In ancient Egypt physicians
were employed by the state for the
service OF soldiers gratuitously. Men
skilled in the removal OF arrows are
mentioned in the chronicles of the
Trojan War, and Homer himself,
though blind, possessed such knowl-
edge OF wounds that, according to
De Quincy, he was fitted - . for
the post of house surgeon In q
modern hospital"
But Alexander the Great engaged
physicians only for his own imme-
diate staff, and the ordinary enlisted
troopers of his armies were left to
shift for themselves. A similar care
lessneSs seems to have characterized
other Eastern commanders, possibly
as result of the proverbial fatalism
of the Orient and the notion that
life is cheap implicit therein. Miss
Boardman says: THE military hos
pital dates from the time of
the Roman Empire" and further
observes: Consideration for the
soldier was not confined to the
Romans, for Tacitus gives accounts
of the wives Of the Germans dressing
the warriors wounds" Also, "a
touch of the Red Cross spirit mani
tested itself after a battle a thou
sand years ago, when Haldera of
Iceland called to the women of her
household, Let us go and dress the
wounds Of the warriors, be they
friends or foes"
Not until the Crimean War,
however, did people commonly be-
gan to realize the Importance of
making provision for the sick and
wounded in any measure equal to
existing need in periods of bitter
conflict between nations. 1t was the
example of Florence Nightingale and
thlrty-eight associated nurses at
Scutari in 1854 that furnished the
inspiration to others" which is the
driving force of the Red Cross now.
So compelling is its appeal in the
prevailing crisis that the average
citizen gladly responds to it. If some
individuals require repeated urging,
the apparent neglect is not due to
misunderstanding of the humane
objective of the campaign. The lag
in the 1914 drive in Washington must
be attributable to some other diff
Guilty. Baltimore already has sub
scribed more than a hundred thou
sand dollars above it's quota. The
sum still to be raised in the Nations
Capital and its environs is ST 1,162,301.
Those who have not yet enlisted
are asked to send their contributions
to War Fund headquarters, 1915 H
street Northwest, as promptly as
possible.
Evening star., 1944-03-24
The Nights Are Iona

1t is not the days I fear
But the nights are long.
Since you tolloiDed d bugle calling
Stilled is my song.
The 10ind sighs in the tree-tops
And the branches ,Deep
While am shut inside
Where the hours creep.
Letters lDere some small comfort
But notD there are none;
lie and ,Ddit in the darkness
For the rising sun.
Though this seems forever and eper,
I pray to be strong;
1t Is not the days fear,
But the nights are long.
ALICE CRAIG ftEDHEAD.
Evening star., 1944-03-24

American SITUATION.
An election at a
crisis in a war Is an
unique political lux
ul'y. No other coun-
try with representa- l.
tive government has
a constitution which
compels 1t to throw
its national and in
ternational policies
into the arena OF
public debate every
four years no matter
what the circum-
stances.
There Is only one
Evening star., 1944-03-24

base at Myitkyina,
the northernmost
rail terminus of the
country.
Chinese and Amer
lean troops of Gen.
Stilwell's command
have gained control
of the Hukawng
Valley, and have
forced the pass lead
ing southwark into
the Mogaung Valley
which gives direct
access to the rail
way just below Myit-
kyina Meanwhile
Evening star., 1944-03-24

a haste and with
such poor materials
that today 1t needs
a thorough redeco-
ration.
Prime M n / S ter
Churchill proposes
to do the job. He
q n n o u n ce d on
Thursday that in
his orld- / d e
broadcast next Sun
day he would deal
at length with such
matters as "the
present status and
Qualification. of the
AAI ~ - -
Evening star., 1944-03-24

W n gunfire h a 8
brought fort h in
formal explanations
from Army Air Force
sources and from
other War Depart
ment sources.
These may be sum-
married. as follows:
/. The A y Air
Forces contend that
they had not the re-
motest responsibility
for the orders that
sent the troop trans
ports into action or
for the course taken
Evening star., 1944-03-24
Burma Campaign

1t is now clear that what the Japa-
nese are worrying over in Burma is
the very considerable, and increasing,
danger to their main North Burma
Evening star., 1944-03-24

The beautiful theological building
constructed in August, 1o41, to shelter
the most cherished hopes Of the human
race must have been built in such
Evening star., 1944-03-24
On the Record

The United States allows itself ex-
pensive luxuries, and one OF them is
political parties, unwilling to subject
their partisanship to the realities of the
Evening star., 1944-03-24

Publication Of certain criticism In
these dispatches recently concerning the
loss of 410 American lives and % trans
port planes in Sicily last july due to our
Evening star., 1944-03-24


other powerful political democracy left
on the globe-the British. The British
can change their Prime Minister any
minute, through vote of the House Of
Commons. BY that power they greatly
influence his policies. But they exercise
it over specific issues and are not COM
PEELED at stated times to risk complete
overthrow of government and the set
ting adrift of all its policies, past
and present.
The House of Commons Is averaged.
1t has sat since 1885. There is no doubt
that a new election would immensely
increase the power of labor. Yet no re-
sponsible labor leader is pressing for a
general election before the end of the
European war.
There is nothing in the American Con-
stitution that creates political parties,
or prevents them from exercising self
discipline. There is nothing in the Con-
stitution to prevent the Republicans
from nominating Mr. Roosevelt with a
Republican Vice President Actually, in
many local elections, both parties do
nominate the same candidate. This
Evening star., 1944-03-24

Under these conditions, the Japanes.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-05-16
H. P. toHonOr
New Citizens

More than 1.150 new and pros
pective citizens viii be honored at
the 4 Am an American Day eX-
ercises 10 be held by the Highland
Park Citizenship Bureau Saturday
at $50 p. m. at the Highland Park
High School Auditorium. z
The observance VIII be one of
many held throughout the cisv 10
pay tribute 10 those who either
by coming Of age or by naturaliza-
ton. have acquired the fun status
Of American citizenship within the
last year.
4 rally viii I've held Sunday at
2 p. m Al the Belle Isle band
stand under the sponsorship Of the
department Of parks and recrea-
ton. Another Will he held AZ 730
p m Sunday IN the Detroit In
stitute Of Arts Auditorium.
Dearborn and surrounding COM
munitieS will observe the event
with a rally az the FordSon High
School at Sis p m. Thursday.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-05-16
I Admit Thefts
From Wi||owRun

Two men were held under $500
bond each today 7lter admitting
the theft of $500 in tools and
parts from the Willow Run
bomber plant.
John Maslaney, q. Walled
Lake, former state police officer,
and Bert E. Newkirk. 50, Monroe,
owner Of the Brass Clearance Co.
face federal grand jury action
after their arraignment and guilty
plea before U. S. Commissioner j.
Stanley Hurd.
Both men worked for the
bomber plant last fall, when New
kirk organized the brass firm.
through which the tools were
sold, according to FBI Chief Rob-
.eTt J. Guerln.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-05-16
NewSpdpermdn Freed
OF Charge as Jap Spy

NEW YORK. May Is GNS)-
Frederick II. Wright, 4l-ycar-old
New York -RewSpaperman--
night was acquitted of charges
that he acted as a Japanese
agent in this country before Pearl
Harbor without notifying the
state department.
Wright has been employed as
copy editor by the New York
Daily News.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-05-16
Fight on Paralysis
On Nationwide Basis

NEW YORK. May If (INS)-
Basil O'connor. president of the
National Foundation for InlantIie
PARALYSIS. announced today at the
organizations scmiannual confer
ence that plans were being laid
10 combat the disease on nation
wide scale this year
Among the measures 10 he
taken, ne said, va be placing
respirators at strategic points,
and tabulatiuC hospital facilities
and available nurses, doctors and
technIclanS.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-05-16
Doctor Warns
Don't Neglect
Athletes Foot

Athletes Foot u dangerous, stubborn
akin infection So. at first Cgn Of itching,
cracked or peeling skin between your
toes az on your feet--use Dr. Schools
soivex--the original prescription Of this
famous authority on diseases and do
formities OF the feet, DR.. Schools soivex
relieves intense itching OF Athlete's Foot.
Kills flingi on contact Aids rapid heal
ing. LIQUID or Ointment-5Oc- Insist on
DR.. Schools solvex. At Drug. Shoe and
Departrnent Stores.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-05-16

John Maslaney, p. of
Walled Lake, who with Bert
f. Newkirk, So, of Monroe,
pleaded guilty before L. S.
Commissioner j. s. Hurd
to theft of $500 in tools
and parts from Willow Run.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-05-16
Rescued Missionaries Safe

ALLIED no. AUSTRALIA,
May 16 GNS)-Nine American
missionaries rescued from the
japanese when American troops
captured Hollandia were disclosed
today TO have arrived safely in
Australia.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-05-16

Order War Stamps delivered
10 your home by your Detroit
Times carrier.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-05-16

ADvERTIsEMENT
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-11-15
Edison Phenomenon

Burns Cody of the Detroit Edi-
son Co. passes along this choice bit.
II seems that residents in the
neighborhood OF Oakman boule-
ward and fireman. just inside the
Dearborn limits. are registering
great establishment over an APP
parent phenomenon. Although the
leaves of the trees all over the
city had long since turned brown
and blown off, those on the tops
Of the trees out there are still
green as a ST. Patrick's Day four
leaf clover.
Edison's experts solved the rid
die and explained that a special
installation OF lights-demonstrat-
ing the latest in modern street
lighting-threw so much heat al
night that he leaves Of nearby
branches were unouched by frost
And if that sounds daffy, Burns
tells me that the farmers over at
Monroe are using installations OF
intro red lamps 10 keep the
strawberries from getting FROST
bitten.
It's your turn now.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-11-15
PENALIZE LITTLE MANI

Another New York reader asks.
isn't il better that there be
few shyster lawyers who
make fees by bringing nuisance
suits against corporations, than
for thousands of stockholders to
be penalized by INSCRIPTIONS
corporation officials, who cause
such losses as In the insult.
Strauss. and many other eases 80
Answer: Yes. | do not think
that your question is quite fair,
however, and do not believe the
alternatives are confined 10 a
choice between shyster lawyers
and such losses as those borne
by the Insult stockholders. What
we should do is 10 protect both
corporation arrangements and
stockholders. The
arrangements shuld be protected
from trivial, malicious, or preda-
tory suits brought by stockhold-
ers. At the same time. stock
holders should be protected. %
by reasonable rights TO informa-
ton and TO bring suit. and (2) by
government regulation.
My ideas are set forth in my
book entitled business organiza-
ton and combination 1880, PIP.
419-A74