davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1944-12-31
By Margaret Bourke White
(Sin1on & SchuSter; $3.)

By Margaret Bourke White
(Simon G. Schuster;; 49,
Reviewed by MARGARET CHILD.
Margaret Bourke- White had an
assignment for Life to photograph
death-death along a muddy Italian
road, on a crude field hospital
operating table, death from a BOBBY
trap and from starvation. Her sub
jects were generals and privates,
peasants and Bailey Bridges. Her
setting, the Casino Valley, that hot
spot on the road to Rome whose toll
Of soldier lives earned for it the
bitter nickname, Purple Heart
Valley"
The story that Miss Bourke- White
has written about her five months
assignment on and behind the front
lines at Casino emerges as one of
the best reports on the European
war yet published. She is possessed
of a pen as Photographic as her
Rolleifiex, which makes her prose
descriptions as expressive as the
pictures which accompany them.
The coordination of text and
illustration employed gives the
reader an exciting sensation of being
Johnny-on-the-spot right along with
the author.
While explaining the integrated
functions Of the combat engineers,
service forces, Medical Corps, air,
Evening star., 1944-12-31
Van Paasem to Stress Effect
|Of War ON Little PeOble'

about people like us, people you've
grown up with and bump into con-
stantly."
He plans to make his book more
than series Of vignettes-almost a
novel in treatment. He will trace
the development of each character
and he himself will furnish the con-
tinuity that binds them together.
Mr.. Van Paasen wrote "The DAYS
OF Our Years." "The Time Is Now
THAT Day Alone" and "The For
gotten Ally" He went to college
In Canada and in the last war served
with the Canadian forces in France
He has worked on a number OF
American newspapers as a reporter
editorial writer and columnist.
Evening star., 1944-12-31

mandate, always took box of
cigars on his birthday-not the
merchant birthday, but the boys.
Il couldn't understand why" Mr..
Van Paasen explained, until my
mother, feeling 1 was old enough
to understand, told me. When I
was born she was near death. NV
father had rushed away to get the
doctor, but hadn't returned. No one
was in the house. But the Jew
learned and ran there himself and
took care of things until l was
born and mother was all right. She
never forgot"
They Didn't Return.
The merchant, he learned, had
been sent away with other Jewish
citizens to Poland They didn't re-
turn. They never will.
There was another boy In the
town whom Mr.. Van Paasen does
not remember pleasantly. He was
inclined to be bully. Today he's
Toon Mussert, the Quisling of Hol-
land.
The author found more about
others he had grown up with. Long
before, 1t may be guessed, he had
realized there was a book in what
he was doing. So he's writing it, a
story of the "old boys" in the town
on the Mas River and what hap
pened to them when the whole
world shook with war. He hasn't
decided what the book will be
called. Perhaps something like:
THE Glass of 1906"
The Little People.
They were just average, ordinary
boys in an average town." Mr.. Van
Paasen remarked when he was here
few days ago for a lecture. And
it's the effect of this war, with all
its horrors, its enslavement of whole
nations, on little people that inter-
ests me. A lot has been written
about the leaders, but not enough
Evening star., 1944-12-31
They Called 1t Purple Heart Valley

infantry and artillery, she makes
the men behind these arms as in
teresting as characters in novel
Particularly is this true of Gary
Cooperish Corpl. jess Padgitt, the
infantry guard turned photog-
rapher's assistant.
The photographs are superb. We
believe some of them equal if not
excel anything the author has done
before. When the conditions under
which they were taken are con-
stdered their excellence becomes all
the more noteworthy.
Definitely book to be read.
Evening star., 1944-12-31

mails is practice which rests on broad
and general considerations and not
on precise rules. 1t seems that an
armistlce stipulation or a treaty
provision could overcome the diff
Guilty suggested by Coleman VS.. Ten
nessee. Our Civil War ended with
out treaty of peace and there was,
of course, no stipulation for the sur
render of Union soldiers charged
with war crimes committed in the
territory of the Southern States.
Now If the basic jurisdiction of the
national courts of the invaded coun-
try can be established, it seems that
such courts would have power to
hold that very many of the war
crimes in the occupied countries
have had no connection whatever
with legitimate military operations.
The contentious of the German de-
PENDANTS in the cases to be tried in
France, that they were acting under
military orders, or that the acts in
question were permissible under the
laws of war, would then appear as
efforts to establish legal justifica-
tions or excuses for the wrongful
acts.
Outside Laws Of War.
Now if, in the judgment of
the French courts, the excuse of
military necessity, or of authorize
ton from the laws of war, is not
Substantiated in a particular in
stance, then the case may we'll be
regarded as outside of the laws of
war altogether, and the pre-exist-
ing territorial law may well be held
to be applicable to the full extent.
To use an expressive legal phrase,
the acts of German military men
in France, under such assumptions,
would be ultra wires, that is, beyond
their capacity as military men, and
therefore not subject only to the
so-called laws of war. The same
holds true, Of course, as to German
soldiers in other countries, and as
to the japanese in the Philippines
or in China.
Space is lacking for any attempt
to do anything like real justice to
Prof. Glueck's forceful argument In
favor Of the jurisdiction of a spe-
cially constituted international tri-
bunal. The interesting question as
to the responsibility of the heads
OF state in Germany, Italy and
Japan must also be put to one side.
We owe Prof. Glueck a heavy
debt of gratitude for his most in
structive and stimulating book.
Undoubtedly, Prof. Glueck's work
Is the most scholarly and COM
prehensive treatment Of this vitality
important subject that has yet ap-
peared in the United States.
Thoughtful Americans should ac-
cept the challenge to give this whole
intricate problem earnest and pro-
longed attention.
Evening star., 1944-12-31
War Criminals,
Their Prosecution
And Punishment

By Sheldon Glueck, professor
OF criminal la1D and crinlinol-
ogy, HdrUard Unipersity
(Knopt; So
Reviewed by CHARLES S.COLLIER,
Professor of Law George Washington
University.
War Criminals" by Sheldon Glueck
is significant book which has come
off the presses at exactly the right
time. Public opinion in the United
States on the subject of the legality
and even the practical advisability
of the punishment of war criminals
is today in thoroughly fluid state
There is still time, however, for such
thoughtful discussion of the complex
and difficult issues involved, as may
lead to the establishment of salts
factory consensus with respect to
this important matter.
Evening star., 1944-12-31
THE SUNDAY STAR, Washington, D. G.
SUNDAY, DECEMBER ~ }eu
Public Library
Book Pointers
WASHINGTON IN PICTURES.
By Ethel a. L. Lacy,
Curator. Washinstoniana Division,
WsShington Public Library.

Curator. Washinstoniana Division,
WASHINGTON Public Library.
American Historical Prints, Early
Views Of American Cities, Etc, From
the Phelps Stokes and Other Collec-
tions," published by the New York
Library, has fine reproductions Of
early Washington views and build
ings. Illustrations of both modern
and historic buildings may be seen
in Our Nations Capital" by Mary
E. Browning, and in "Our Wash
ington," prepared by the Federal
Writers Project.
Prints and description of the
house and grounds found in "Lee
Mansion" by Randle B. Truett, will
prove particularly meaningful either
before or after visit to Arlington
The series of volumes of Records
of the Columbia Historical Society,"
1897-1942, has been rendered in
creasingly useful by publication
within the year of an index to it.
illustrations by Newman F. McGirr
Evening star., 1944-12-31

on the states"
the independent
nations, as such,
and not operat-
ing so as to
establish by its
own force any
specific criminal
liability on the
part Of individ-
uals. Under this
view the Ger
man State, for
example, would
be responsible in
an international
forum for all the
Evening star., 1944-12-31

~ LII. JORn mason BTO1On,
U. S. N. r.. (McGra10-H
Whittlesey House; $2.75J
Reviewed by LUCY McCLENON.
Here is D day. Here it is for
every one to share and for posterity
to see how 1t was. Here it is in
prose for which the word graphic
is hopelessly small, an incredible
blend Of powerful emotion and ma
tured reason that brings the impact
of the event to the reader so pierre
ingly that he staggers wide-eyed
from page to page.
The reportorial narrative begins,
in pulsating present tense, aboard
the flagship Augusta on June s.
Once the boat moves and lifts the
bristling suspense, Mr. Brown flashes
back to that earlier invasion, the
preparatory one which our forces
made of England. This background
is filled in expertly, answering ques-
tions which many must have asked,
and is built up skillfully to join
again the vital march of those June
days for which every one worked
and waited. The account is pre-
sented by a Navy man, but his in
sight and his visits ashore provide
glnnpses Of the activities Of other
services as well.
Not limiting himself to his own
presentation, Mr.. Brown has gath
cred together revelatory series of
illustrations by artists and photog-
raphers of the Navy.
The reader is carried safely past
the first landings to the time when
Gen. Bradley moves his headquar-
ters ashore in France and the naval
forces begin to slip into routine Of
keeping supply lines open and land.
ing reinforcements. The whole
thing is an objective reporting jot
embellished by a fine-grained in.
tellect. 1t is book for any one te
read and understand, but it is like
wise writer's book, book for any
one who prizes real artistry of con-
Iception and brilliant use of the Eng
lish language.
Yet between these covers IS more
than a magnifcently scaled review
of world-sized drama-an urgent
plea, wrung from the heart and
mind Of man able to see. feel and
report this drama, that the worlds
emphasis in the future be placed on
gallant living even more than it now
is on gallant dying. Without de-
tracing from the greatness of the
courage and sacrifices which have
Evening star., 1944-12-31
Einstein

By Dimitri Marianof and
Palma Wayne. Doubleday,
Doran; s2.75.)
Reviewed by PHILIP H. LOVE.
Dimitri Marianof married Prof.
Einstein's stepdaughter and, for
eight years, lived in the scientists S
household. That is this biography's
greatest strength-and also its
greatest weakness. It has enabled
Mr.. Marianoff to gather a vast
amount of information about his
subject that would not be available
to other biographers. But, on the
other hand, it has resulted in such
warm affection for the subject as to
prevent the author from being COM
pletely objective. After that has
been said, however. the fact remains
that the book tells Prof. Einstein's
life story in warm and human
style, and explains his scientific
work in language that the layman
can understand. And that, in the
opinion of this reviewer, at least,
makes it worthwhile
Evening star., 1944-12-31
Full Impact Of Mvasiom Sweep
Is Tbrillimgly Recorded

blossomed in these war days, nor
from the rightness of the causes for
which we fight, Mr.. Brown reminds
us that only a higher, because more
sustained brand of courage can
bring the kind of peace which will
keep these things from being ma
cabre mockeries.
Evening star., 1944-12-31

By Louise Field Cooper Double
day, Doran;; s2.50J
Here are two volumes of gently
humorous papers, very much alike
in spirit. Theodore Pratt has been
contributing to magazines for years
mildly satirical articles on his re-
actions to places and people and
now offers collection. They take
in events in several countries, as the
title indicates-France, Spain and
the land of Manhattan. They all
read very much like one another
and all are quite pleasant. Louise
Field Cooper also has contributed
her things to magazines. For the
most part they deal with the comic
adventures of the Findlays, a nice
modern American family which has
taken in two little English girls for
the duration. Mrs. Findlay Is the
narrator and through her humorous
mind one sees the daily struggles of
the household with the usual house.
hold minutiae-the struggle which
determines whether home is pleas
ant or the opposite.
Such pieces collected tend to be
repetitious, but that is all the re-
viewer can say on the contrary side.
NC. R.
Evening star., 1944-12-31
Brief Reviews
MYSTERIES.

Cry Murder, by Edith Howe.
(Mill) A famous actress returns to
her home town, where everybody
hates her, and is murdered. Lively.
1920 PM, by William Gilmore
Beymer. (Whittlessey) Thriller on
the imagined destruction of the
head NaziS. Lively.
PICTURES.
Woodrow Wilson rs the Camera
Saw Him, by Gerald w. johnson.
(Harpers.) A book Of photographs
of the former President, with brief
Interpretation Of his career. valu-
able historical item.
Evening star., 1944-12-31

its nationals under its authority.
But this would not include the Grim
inal responsibility of German citi-
zens in non-German courts.
Prof. Glueck discusses all OF these
difficulties and gives consideration
to the alternative (but not mutually
exclusive) suggestions that such
trials might be instituted either in
German or japanese courts, or in
the national courts of countries oc-
cupied by German or japanese
forces, or in specially constituted
courts administering either the ma
tional laws of several nations or a
set of judge-made rules derived
from international law.
1t is in respect to these proposed
mixed international tribunals that
the legal difficulties as to the legal
jurisdiction of the tribunal and
the sources of the applicable law
for establishing individual criminal
responsibility are especially serious.
Trial in German courts would be
largely futile, as shown by the rec
ord of the Leipzig Tribunal set up
pursuant to the Treaty OF Versailles
to deal with individuals charged
with war crimes in the first World
War.
In French Courts.
II trials of war criminals are ar
ranged in the national courts of
France, for war crimes committed
in French territory, the legal diff
culties are minimized. The exist
ing French criminal code would pro-
vide specific punishment and spe-
ciflc procedure, for crimes like mur-
der, mayhem and rape, as well as
crimes against property rights.
This French law vas in existence at
the time of the acts complained of.
Also the French law would have
the appropriate territorial applica-
ton. Thus the objection as to try
ing these accused persons by ex
post facto laws or by ex territorial
laws would be avoided.
The difficulty as to personal
jurisdiction in a legal sense over
the soldiers OF an invading army
could be overcome by provisions in
the armistice and in the definitive
treaties of peace. Under the doc
trine of Coleman VS.. Tennessee, 81
U. S. 500, 'The fact that war is
waged between two countries mega
tives the possibility of Jurisdiction
being exercised by the tribunals of
one country over persons engaged
in the military service of the other
while engaged in such service" But
the decision in Coleman VS.. Tennes-
see, which dealt with the criminal
responsibility of a Union soldier
in the courts of a State which had
seeded from the Union, is not
necessarily controlling as to the
punishment of German and Japa-
nese war criminals.
The fundamental requirements of
definite pre-existing law and of fair
ness in the procedure (full hearing,
opportunity to examine witnesses,
etc. are not involved. The fact of
basic territorial jurisdiction is i'm
portant, in spite of the normal terri
torial immunities of the invading
soldiery. There are many cases where
two jurisdictions may claim conflict
Ing rights and extradition Of erimi-
Evening star., 1944-12-31
One-Mon Air Force
By Capt. Don S. Gentle, as tol('
to Ira Wolfert. FISCHER. $685.

By capt. Don 5. Gent1te, as tOl(
to Ira Woltert. FISCHER. $1.25.J
Reviewed by PHILIP H. LOVE.
Don Salvatore Gentle (pro-
nounced Jentilly), whose immigrar
parents found peace and happines
in Piqua, Ohio, always wanted to fl,
So on the day the Germans invade,
Poland he joined the RAF. He wa
not long out of high school, and h;
flying experience consisted of a fe-
hours at the controls of a flivve
plane. The rest of Don Gentle
story-of how he shot down MOI
than 80 Nazi planes in combat, IT,
equivalent of nearly two Luftwaf1
squadrons-is familiar to readers
The Star, as it was published ser.
ally in this newspaper some tin
ago. 1t makes a slight book-onl
|55 pages, in fact-but it is We
worth reading.
Evening star., 1944-12-31
The Wind on the Moon
By Eric Linklater. (Macmil
Inn. S275

By Eric Linklater. (Macmil-
lam: S2.75.J
In this new volume, Eric Linklater
turns his unpredictable pen to a
Juvenile His story is of two little
modern English girls who, by their
friendship with witch, find out
how to turn into kangaroos They
visit the main street of their native
village in the new guise and create
such sensation as would delight any
groWnup, much more any child
Then. imbued with their sense of
superiority to their once respected
elders, they resume their natural
shapes but carry on their mad
pranks. How they made an English
judge change his mind cit had not
been changed for years and smelled
badly, how they overthreW a die
tator on the continent of Europe
and yet other things make fasci-
mating story.
Evening star., 1944-12-31
By Mary.Carfer Roberts
CAPTAIN From CASTLE
By nluel Shell1barger.
little, BrODn;: $3.)

By Samuel Shellabarger
little, BroUn; $3)
In the class OF the genuine high
flynn romantic thriller is this novel
on the conquest of Mexico, some
thing to rate with the best of Du-
mas or Charles Kingsley's West
ward Ho!" 1t has that feeling OF
life which, when it is present, dis
tinguishes the inspired historical
novel from the dogged. 1t leaps out
of the field of research into an al
most cinemalike field of action. Its
characters, though they are roman
tic types, also in the cinema sense,
are capable of arousing the read
er's affection and enmity - you
cheer for the hero and hiss the viii
lain. On the whole it is as talented
a romance as you are apt to find.
Right from the start it has vii
lain and hero in mortal enmlty.
The noble young hidalgo of CASTLE
is. to put it vulgarly, framed by an
adversary who wants his family
-,tates. and is turned over to the
Iol1o" oOAAiS 81 aSoSAA2S
bcenes of what used to go on behind
dungeon walls and the hero, with
the intervention of the lovely tavern
lass, then makes good his escape to
the New World where he joins the
expedition of fernando Cortez. To
his felicity, the lovely tavern gal
comes on about the next boat and
all seems to be perfect. But the
villain still pursues. In Mexico he
goes on framing. Sword play,
escapes, Imprisonment. lovers part
ed, lovers united-all that dear old
stuff goes into the tale with quite
astonishing freshness. Mr.. Shella-
barger, we are told, is well-ground-
ed scholar of the period, but it
seems evident that he is something
more than that-a very good nov
elist. His book is long and, quite
literally, it has not dull moment
The reviewer commends it with en-
thusiaSm.
Evening star., 1944-12-31
Best Sellers

FICTION.
Earth and High Heaven, by
Gwethalyn Graham.
The Green Years, by A. j.
Cronin.
Green Dolphin Street, by
Elizabeth Goudge.
Forever Amber, by Kathleen
Winsor.
Hard Facts, by Howard
Spring.
NONFICTTON.
The World of Washington
Irving, by Van Wyck Brooks.
The Time for Decision, by
Sumner Welles.
Anna and the King Of Siam,
by Margaret Landon.
There's No Place Like Wash
ington, by Vera Bloom.
Yankee From Olympus, by
Catherine Drinker Bowen.
Evening star., 1944-12-31
Many a WotchfuI Niqht

By 1t. John Mason BroUn,
U. S. N. r.. (McGra10-H
WhittleSey House; S2.75.)
Evening star., 1944-12-31
PerHs in Provence and
Other TcHish Places
Love and Admiration

By Theodore Pratt. (DueH
Sloan & Pedrce; S2.)
Evening star., 1944-12-31
BIOGRAPHIES.

Among biographies two have out
ranked all others in popularity and
have also established their claims to
excellence. These are Yankee From
Olympus" the life Of Justice Oliver
Evening star., 1944-12-31

There is still another difficulty due
to the fact that international law
has in most situations been regard
ed as set of rules operating legally
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-03-05

the Hilchie home, as related by Mr..
Ililchie, his wife, Ethel; his daughter,
Catherine; and others indicated some
thing strange at work.
First they reported, the washing
machine moved across the floor Then
a table, at which Mrs. Hilchie and
three Of her children were seated,
tipped floorward.
Next scissors on a shelf trembled
ana shook, and edged forward A
bowl of soup levitated itself and
tipped in GATHERINGS lap.
An alarm clock hurled itself from
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-03-05

bowling death hov's." according -
Mrs. Hilchic. Then more weird things
happened.
From the second floor a pillow. l.
boxes of soap flakes and other articles
fell down the stairs.
While / was examining Mrs. Hi
chic, 1 tea pot flew off a hook i'm the
kitchen and whisked by the head Of
the oldest HilChie girl, Gladys. p
l did not see this, but heard The crash
of the pot and Gladys scream.
Then, one day, 10 Cathcrine's
amazcmcnt an egg jumped into the
frying pan on the kitchen stove. and
butter followed the egg as though
propelled by unseen hands.
Catherine. her mother and sister
Gladys consulted the ouija board
in search for a clue 10 the mystery
of the strange happenings that has
upset them and the neighborhood.
IN the United States in recent
years, similar 'Visitations" have up-
set two Southern communities. At
Jonesville, La, Alice Belle Kirby. -
years old, was the center Of tclckcn-
etc manifestations.
Then. there was the Bertha Sybcrt
case. One morning Mr.. Sybcrt and
his mother went into Bertha's bed.
room demanding that she stop her
bouncing, but when she convinced
them that she could not stop. they
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-03-05
and still more all over the

and still more all over the
house.
one evening Mrs. Hill
chic was descending me stairs. when
something grasped the heel OF her
house slipper. The heel was Wrcnchcd
off by an invisible force.
a day or two later, the same thing
happened. This time, Mrs. HilChie
was thrown down the stairs, break
ing an ankle bone.
investigation revealed that all the
mysterious manifestations appeared
TO have taken place in the presence,
and the unknown-to-herself Coopera.
ton of Catherine
In other words, il is a clear case
of "telekinesis;' that is, the unex-
planned displacement OF objects and
sounds.
The telekinetic phenomena, unlike
poltergeist manifestations, appear to
be attached 10 a particular person
or persons.
This phenomenon, occurring widely,
and going back 10 remote time, sug-
gests that ii may have originated in
fetishism among savages.
Theories propOundcd by some psy-
chic investigators 10 account for tele-
klnesis phenomenon are:
/. That the individual involved sub
consciously assists in producing all
OF the strange phenomena.
2. That invisible carnations, pro-
duced by unknown forces, actually
are peculiar 10 certain persons. These
carnations are deduCcd, from their
manifestations, TO be- psychic semi.
flexible rods projecting from the
body of the telekiniZcd person. The
end portions, being struck sharply on
floor table, chair or other body
cause the rapS or knocks.
The night preceding my arrival at
the Hilchie home, Catherine saw "a
queer looking mans face with bushy
hair appear al the window
Recently, a stray dog came
10 the home and took
10 sitting on the - E'4
doorstep and IVA
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-03-05

trlcd n holding her
down. The mattress
continued tossing.
Then, all three got on
the bed but II kept
night on bouncing Just
the same.
Investigation OF tel
cklnctic phenomena
goes on. The theory
OF the psychic rod