davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1944-12-07

1t has been generally expected that
the President would appoint Mr. Wallace
to cabinet Office or to some other i'm
portant post. But whether Mr.. Wallace
has such an appointment or not, he is
likely to remain leader among the lib
erals, and to become a candidate for the
presidential nomination - unless Mr..
Roosevelt himself should yield to impor-
tunities that he run for fifth term.
Mr.. Wallace owed his place in the
Government primarily to President
Roosevelt. who took him into the cabi-
net as his first Secretary of Agriculture
and who later, In 1910, picked him for
the vice presidential nomination. Mr.
Wallace this year had progressed so far
on his own as to become real con-
tender for denomination as Vice Presi-
dent, with the backing of the CIO and
some Of the liberal groups in the Demo-
cratic party.
1t NAV be that the President will
bring other men prominently into the
governmental picture during the next
few years-men who will be considered
for presidential nomination. For it is
not expected that the President will
himself be a candidate again. AS of
today. there are no Democratic Cover
nors of States who loom as presidential
possibilities. There are no Democratic
members Of Congress who are men
toned as possible selections of their
party for such nomination, with the
exception of Senator Byrd of Virginia,
who would be acceptable only to the
more conservative Democrats, and Sen
ator Truman of Missouri, who becomes
Vice President January TO-
The Missouri Senator may or may not
become a real contender in the 1948
Democratic National Convention. He
was picked for the vice presidential
nomination by the President and some
of the party leaders because big ele-
ment in the last national convention was
opposed to the denomination of Mr.. WAL
lace. Senator Truman was acceptable to
this element, and he was accepted by
Sidney Hillman and Phillip Murray of
the CIO when they found it impossible
to get Mr. Wallace.
Who the President would support for
a presidential nomination in 1948 is
likely to remain conundrum for q long
time to come
Evening star., 1944-12-07

and meaningless terms. Further
more, there were to be no public
hearings - the medium through
which public opinion for or against
the proposal could have been
formed. In brief, it appeared that
purely selfish interests were at work
in the Senate, and that as result
this first experiment in postwar in
ternational economic cooperation
was never to see the light of day.
There is nothing new about this
death in i committee technique. It
has been used by administration
forces to bury such measures as the
Smith labor bill and the Hobbs anti
racketeering bill-both passed over
whelmingly in the House-in Senate
committees. But it is a practice that
cannot be reconciled in any cir
cumstance with sound principles OF
government, and it is gratifying that
the Senate has decided not to resort
to it in the case of the proposed oil
treaty.
Evening star., 1944-12-07

to be standing more or less on the
sidelines. enunciating the admirable
principles to which 1t proposes to
adhere, but keeping silent as to its
plan. If it has a plan, for giving
effect to those principles in the face
of British and Russian moves which
may be deemed inimical to them.
In this connection. it is interest
ing to note the Associated Press
report from American Officials"
that the apparent split with Brit
ain would not be permitted to be-
come serious" 1t is to be hoped that
this proves to be correct, but If that
comment represents the real view
of this Government, it is only
natural to wonder why the conflict
was forced into the open and how
it is to be composed at time when
the seething forces at work in Eu-
rope promise to drive us farther
and farther apart.
Evening star., 1944-12-07
The Political Mill
By Gould Lincoln

President Roosevelt recently has
brought into the limelight of high ap-
pointment Edward R. Stettinius, jr.,
whose nomination to be Secretary of
State was approved by the Senate with
Only one vote cast against him. Not
only does this place Mr.. Stettinius at
the head of the department dealing
with foreign affairs at a time of vital
interest, but 1t makes him next in line
of succession as Chief Executive in
the event Of the disability or death Of
the President and Vice President
The appointment Of Mr.. Stettinius
to his present post may be the fore
runner of other new faces in the ad-
ministration. Indeed, this already has
been the case in the State Department.
The appointment of Joseph c. Grew
to be Undersecretary, and of William
L. Clayton, Archibald MacLeish and
Nelson A Rockefeller to be Assistant
Secretaries, means real shake-up.
In Washington, every move is weighed
in the scales of politics. Within "a
hours there was discussion of Mr.. Stet-
tinius as a potential Democratic NOM
inee for President in 1948 His new
position, of great Importance because
of the war and the peace which must
be made eventually, not to mention the
creation of an international organiza-
ton with American participation, is
called an excellent springboard, if the
new Secretary of State becomes out
standing in his handling of foreign
relations. The President himself will
deal with foreign policies-as he has
in the past. This, however, did not
prevent former Secretary Hull from
winning the high regard and respect
of the American people, and of other
governments.
Further, the appointment as Secre-
tary of State did not go, as some pre-
dicted it would, to Vice President Wal
lace. Mr. Wallace has already been
boosted for the Democratic presidential
nomination four years hence by the
CIO delegates at their national conven-
ton. Unless there is big shift in
sentiment, the leaders of this labor Or
ganiZation will go down the line for
Mr.. Wallace in 1948. He was their
choice above all others for the Demo-
cratic vice presidential nomination this
wear
Evening star., 1944-12-07
Bad Legislation

Senator Tydings was acting for a
Maryland constituent when he
blocked-after battle of proxies
Senate District Committee approval
OF a. bill which would prevent erec-
ton of an apartment house at Six
teenth and Shepherd streets north
west. But he did a sound piece of
work for the citizens of Washington.
II that bill became law, it would
create dangerous precedent.
The facts in what already has be-
come a celebrated zoning case show
that the land involved was zoned
to permit construction of an apart
ment house until after it had been
bought for that purpose. It's avail
ability for any other commercial use
would be economically infeasible be-
cause OF the cost placed on the land
as an apartment site. The Zoning
Commission decision, preventing use
of the land for an apartment site,
was appealed and in the District
Court the Zoning Commissions &C
ton was termed arbitrary and un-
reasonable. On the face of it, it was
Just that.
The Court of Appeals, ruling on
the right of protesting citizens to
intervene in support of the Zoning
Commission decision. upheld that
right without passing on the merits
OF the case itself. The Supreme
Court denied a petition for certi-
orari, and the case may be reargued
with the neighborhood citizens pre-
sentlng their side. That, of course, is
the orderly method of disposing of
the controversy. But in the mean
time the processes of the Zoning
Commission and the courts were
by-passed in an attempt to obtain
legislation arbitrarily banning erec-
ton of the apartment house. This
was the legislation which Senator
TydingS was able to block.
In the meantime, it has been sug-
geSted that the controversy be
compromised by having the Gov
ernment (the Taxpayers buy the
land for park use. Here the con-
trolling decision should rest on the
desirability of the land as park
property and the public's need for
that land as park 1t should not
rest on sympathetic desire to
rescue a distressed citizen who
bought the land on the logical as
sumption that he could use it for an
apartment house, or to please nearby
property owners who are against the
apartment house. Most important of
all is the fact that settlement of
these issues should be left to the
Zoning Commission and the courts.
They should not be settled by legis-
lation passed at the behest of people
with the know how" influence to
get such things done.
Evening star., 1944-12-07
Mr.. Eden's Reply

Anthony Eden. Britain's Foreign
Secretary. has replied to our State
Departments pointed comment on
the Sforza affair by bluntly assert
ing that the British government
"has a perfect right" to express an
opinion to another government about
a minister under conditions such as
those prevailing in Italy
In other words, Mr.. Eden has no
apology to make for Britain's sue
cessful intercession against the
selection of Count Carlo Sforza as
Italys Foreign Minister, and the in
ference is that under comparable
circumstances Britain would do the
same thing again. At the same time,
our own Government has put itself
on record as being out of sympathy
with the British veto of Count
Sforza, and as being even more
strongly opposed to any attempt by
any country to pursue similar
course with respect to "the govern
ments of the United Nations in their
liberated territories" This latter
phrase seems broad enough to in
clude Greece, Poland and other
small countries similarly situated.
The immediate effect of this is
to bring into the open and appar-
emily to solidify a conflict between
the British and ourselves which has
been shaping up for some time. On
its face. and on the basis of known
facts, 1t is not a matter calculated
to destroy Anglo-American cooper
alton in political matters arising out
of the war. But if relations are to
become worse instead of better,
which seems possible, and if the
basis of our disagreement with Brit
ain is broad enough to include dis
agreement with Russia, as seems
wholly probable, then it is easy to
believe that the wartime structure
OF Allied unity is beginning to dis
integrate under the stresses i'm
posed by the crosscurrents of
unreconciled postwar policies.
The British, in line with what they
conceive to be their national in
cerests, obviously are striving to
repair political fences according to
their own specifications in areas of
Europe deemed to fall within their
sphere of influence" The Russians,
with equal obviousness and with
less regard for the sensibilities of
their Allies, are doing likewise.
Meanwhile, the United States seems
Evening star., 1944-12-07

heretofore of submitting the American
Governments objections to Britains
policies in secret communications, Mr..
Stettinius adopted the more fortnight
course of airing the whole matter in
public when he announced that I'VE
expect the Italians to work out their
problems of government along demo-
cratic lines, without influence from
outside"
Mr.. Stettinius then added the sig
niflcant statement that this policy
would apply to an even more pronounced
degree with regard to governments Of
the United Nations In their liberated
territories" This last portion of the
American diplomatic bombshell is being
interpreted to mean that all members
of the United Nations, Greece, Yugo-
slavia, Poland and the others, should
straighten out their internal problems
in accordance with the wishes of their
own people. From the reports received
by the State Department from its own
sources, it is obvious to our policy franz
ers that this Is not the case in most
of the liberated United Nations coun-
tries where the liberating armies are
forcing puppet government on the help
less and hard-tried peoples.
Some hopeful diplomats read in Mr..
Stettinius' note an attempt to restore,
possibly by indirect means, some of the
more important paragraphs Of the At
lantic Charter such as the one which
says that the signatories wish to see
sovereign rights and elf-government
restored to those who have been for
Cibly deprived of them
Secretary Stettinius' note 70 Britain
was important because the powerful
American Government spoke out its
mind and told its people about it. But
1t is even more important because it
may mean a break with the past and
the adoption Of foreign policy in
which we will tell our war associates
without fear what our political war
aims are. The administration may have
come to realize in the light of the many
incidents which have occurred in the
last few months that plain talking is
the best way to keep the United Nations
aligned as homogeneous body.
Evening star., 1944-12-07
This Changing World
By Consfanfine Broom

The first cleavage over policies between
the American and British governments
has come to public notice through the
warning issued Tuesday by Secretary Of
State Stettinius, who sharply disagreed
with British attempts to influence in
ternal affairs of Italy.
The picture in Italy is extremely con-
fusing to the average observer. The
reason is that although more than year
has passed since the signing of the
armistice between Italy and the Allied
powers no one knows what it contains.
1t is assumed that there are, besides the
usual military clauses, a number of DO
htical matters which the Allied gov
ernments prefer to keep away from their
own people. There can be no other
explanation as to why the armistice
terms have not been made public.
The military security Of the Allied
forces in Italy no longer can be jeop-
ardized by the disclosure of the POLITICAL
terms of armistice. There are all kinds
OF rumors to the effect that the govern
ment of Field Marshal Pietro Badoglio
which signed the unconditional sur
render has agreed to important political
and territorial concessions to Great
Britain. But 1t is difficult to find out
the truth since the armistice terms are
still one Of the closest guarded secrets
Of the war.
1t is possible that the definite posi-
tion adopted by the British government
regarding the inclusion of Count Sforza
in the latest cabinet reshuf1e in Rome
is based on certain clauses of the
armistice. This is matter known only
to members of the inner circle of the
Big Three who today are dealing with
the fate of the European nations, Allied
or enemy
Many diplomats, however, read in Mr..
Stettinius' statement thorough de-
parture in the policy of the United
States Government in It's dealings with
the political questions in Europe. The
statement of the new Secretary of State
can be interpreted as applying to every
one OF the liberated" countries which is
now submitted to political high-pressure
from the 'liberating" country.
Instead of following the course adopted
Evening star., 1944-12-07
We May Learn
From the Vancouver Province.

TAoh tuc vancouver FToVluce.
We ought to remind ourselves of the
terrible truth contained in that French
saying, that the more things change, the
more they are still the same. The
parallels between this war and that
other ought to be enough to give us
pause in all our counsels for the future.
Do what we may, it seems that we shall
have to tread in ancient ways and
almost certainly we shall find ourselves
coming home to familiar consequences.
This is not to say that we can run
away from the eternal argument about
war and peace and it is not to say that
we ought not to hammer out the issue
between ourselves trying to learn q
little better wisdom out OF yesterday g
failures. But if we learn any wisdom
at all we shall beware OF all the prom
isers Of the new heaven and the new
earth.
Evening star., 1944-12-07
Materiel and Men
By Maj. George Fielding Eliot

ment Of foot-troops, walls are loop
holed, the houses are connected by a
trench system enabling movement Of
the garrison under cover from point to
point Machine guns are established so
as to have interlocking fields of fire
over the whole area of approach; NOR
tars are sited to cover dead ground"
that is, ground where the slope gives
shelter to attacking troops from ma
chine-gun fire.
g In attacking such a position, our in
fantry can hardly 60 in unsupported
and try to overcome the German re-
sistance by killing the garrison at close
quarters. Too many of our men would
be killed before they got to close quar-
ters. First of all, the barbed wire must
be cut by mortar fire (Which takes a
tremendous lot Of ammunition even to
cut a path for a single platoon), then
the tank-traps must be blasted Cf tanks
are to be used), and mineields must be
cleared by our engineers, or by the min
ing platoons OF our infantry; and these
troops must be covered by fire while
they are doing their necessary tasks.
Meanwhile our artillery and the in
fantry weapons (howitzers and mortars)
gun and mortar positions, disclosed
when they open fire, and trying to
destroy the hidden weapons. Our own
machine guns are keeping down the
fire of the enemy as far as they can
In the course of all this firing, gen.
orally the walls of the houses are
knocked down and become heaps of
rubble, which form parapets and over
head cover for the cellar defenses in
which the enemy now takes refuge.
Frequently these are so deep and so
well protected by the rubble above that
only direct hit by q heavy -caliber shell
or a very large airplane bomb will
penetrate them. The extent of the air
assistance in this phase is a matter Of
weather.
When all that can be done in the
way of preparation has been accom-
plished the attacking infantry goes in
for the final assault.
The cost in life in this final assault
is almost invariably measured by the
thoroughness with which the prepara-
tion has been carried out; and that Is
In turn dependent on the amount Of
ammunition and the number of sup
porting weapons available to the COM
mander responsible for the attack, and
to the efficient working Of his supply
system.
We had better stop asking ourselves:
"How much is enough?" and operate on
Gen. Somervell's answer to that ques-
ton: There cannot be too much"
tcoDyrisht ls44.)
Evening star., 1944-12-07

1t. Gen. Brehon Somervell, COM
manding general of the Army Service
Forces, made a speech Wednesday morn
ing before the National Association of
Manufacturers.
That speech will be widely reported
1t should be. 1t should be read by all
Americans here at home-by every
member Of the home-front section of
our national war team.
invite your attention particularly
to these words of the man on whose
shoulders rests the responsibility for
supplying our troops with the weapons
and munitions they need for victory:
This Nation has committed its troops
to fighting this war in one specific
fashion-with an Overwhelming supe-
riority of materiel.
I'VE are productive and resource
full people. Knowing our power to pro-
duce, We sent our men into war with
this promise:
'We shall have an overpowering
weight of everything it takes to win.
You shall have this weight because
time and thus lives will be saved
You shall have this weight because
we would rather fire a ton of munitions
than lose single American soldier.
"Of course we cannot fight war
without losing lives. There has been no
hesitancy on the part of our combat
forces to lay down their lives in order
to win. But they can win more quickly
and at less COST If they are given, the
full scale of weapons and munitions
which they need, than if they are re-
quired to win without this full, over
whelming support from the home
'front.'
Let us translate this statement into
a hypothetical but typical situation.
In the Rhineland the German defense
centers around the use of villages and
small towns as strong points. Since the
villages are built astride the roads and
the small towns generally control juno
tions of minor roads, such resistance
must be knocked out before our highly
mechanical and motorized army can
advance; or, having advanced, before
its supply system can operate to full
efficiency.
Most German houses In this area are
built Of stone or brick. Most of them
have cellars. Most villages also have
few larger buildings, even more
stoutly constructed than the dwelling
houses such as churches, barracks.
public buildings, small factories, and
the like.
In preparing such a village for de-
tense, tank-traps are constructed in
areas where tanks might move in, the
approaches are obstructed by barbed
wire and other obstacles 10 the move
Evening star., 1944-12-07
Waiting

Time seems an endless thing to US ,Dho
Ddit
Till the return to all that pe hare
been:
Mother to son, Sweetheart or pite to
mate;
All as tDe tpere WitHout ,par betDeen.
Yours Is tDditing, too, NTH those pho
share
Your screaming darkness fanked NTH
flame and foe,
Enjoying US, not guessing our despair
That only hear the minutes come and
90.
Toddy's peace for " Hes only IN the
dream
OF some tomorrow phen memory 70
patched.
A crazy quilt tohers symmetry wiH
gleam
Sdpe for tioo squares, odd placed and
fIy-ntdtched;
With one design too quiet. one too bold.
But all IN oil comfort In the cold.
ETHEL BARNETT DE VITO.
Evening star., 1944-12-07
Encourage the Tourist
From the Clay Center Dispatch.

Kansas is to make extra efforts TO
secure tourist visitors In the postwar
years. Good enough. Kansas is in the
center of the Nation. Travellers going
in almost any direction will find 1t fire.
quently to their advantage to cross this
State. Often it will offer the shortest
route; often the best weather for travel.
Kansas has an excellent system of high
ways leading in almost any direction.
Morever, the better acquainted with
Kansas the Nation becomes, the more
will this State be appreciated. En-
courage tourists. Everybody will benefit
thereby.
Evening star., 1944-12-07
Welcome Decision

The Senate's decision to hold
public hearings on the proposed oil
treaty with Britain will be welcomed
as a change of heart that is con-
sistent with good government.
The indications last week were
that the treaty, which had been
months in the making, was going to
be quietly buried in the Senate
Foreign Relations Committee. It's
defects, If any, had never been de-
fined, except in the most general
Evening star., 1944-12-07

1t is customary on maps to record
our advance into Germany by a
solid line indicating the present
front and dotted one for last
weeks. In other words, the enemy
has folded on the dotted line.
Evening star., 1944-12-07
Sad View of Alternatives

Od0 T0W UI fAIV0TI1dI1VCS
To the Editor of The Star
To say that the American people
themselves elect candidate Is a mis-
statement of fact.
The two parties offered the same
policies, both domestic and foreign
Why? Simply because the people who
control one party likewise hold power
in the other party to the same extent.
These are the moguls of the Wall
Street, who think only in terms of inter-
national finance.
To choose between the two parties
is similar to making choice between
rattlesnake and cottonmouth moe
caSin. PAT McCORQUEDALE.
Proletarec. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1906-19??, 1944-02-23
JosKooYEN:

Finska 81 iSce izhod v mir.
Tudi Washingtonu so il sveto-
vail, da je zanjo najboljse, ako
Sc izmota IL vojne ko nitro mo-
goce.
Tako Sc zakljucuje tragicno
poglavje dezele, Xxi Sc je junija
1871 med prvimi pridruzila
zmagovitemu pohodu do takrat
nepremagljivih nacijskih ar
mad. Tudi Ogrsko in Rumunijo
caka ista usoda.
V Italiji Sc vrse text boji. Ia
vezniska kampanja v Mi je mar
sikoga r~azocarala, posebno Sc IT,
ste, XII SO pricakovali italijanske
pomoci V Mi. Tisto "mehko ire
busje Evrope", kot SO imenovali
juno Italijo, Sc je spremenilo
v precej trdno nemsko hrbteni-
See. Nasim ljudem DO dalo Sc
precej truda in zrtev, in vzelo
DO precej casa, predno DO kaj
dosezenega.
Kar Sc Italijanov tice, sal tt
sti, XII SO polozaj razumeli, so cd
prebivalstva V I~taliji pricakova-
Ii pray malo ali pa mic. Severna
Italia, kjer je najvec antifasi-
stow, je v nemskih rokah. Juzna
Italia, katera je bila vedno ma
zadnjaSka in klerikalna, pa ne
pomeni veliko. In Sc tisto malo
gibanja, kar ga je bilo v Mi pro-
tifasisticnega ter pripravljenega
"a BOZ, so zavezniki strli, ko SO
jim ponovno naprtili kralia in
Badoglia ma ramo. Kaj misliio
zavezniki S to idejo, ie menda
znano samo MIN. Skoro gotovo
je to %ponovitev iste taktike, kot
SO jo vrSili v francoski Afriki.
Gotovo pa je, da to njihovo po-
cetje ne DO navduSilo zasuznie-
no Evropo.