davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Imperial Valley press., 1944-01-28
Former Director
OF owl Claims
$4,000 Met Death
(Continued from page l.

Continued from page l.
danger of our position. Much OF
our military and naval activities In
those regions had to remain mill
tary secrets, but there could have
been no Justification for completely
drawing the curtain.
THAT kind of censorship lullS us
into indifference and may, If we
put up with it, destroy cur free
dom"
Hoyt also criticized government
officials who warned ,repatriates
arriving recently on the exchange
liner Gripsholm against talking OF
Japanese atrocities for fear Of re-
prisals among prisoners still held
by the Japanese.
URGES FULL REPORTS
"I don't agree with this" he said.
IF we tell the story OF japanese
bestiality, frankly and boldly, and
as a part of each days news,
think the japanese will treat their
captives better. With the war 60
ing against them, they will fear
to do otherwise
Hoyt said he did not charge
there was malicious obstructioniSm
or a sinister conspiracy to withhold
the truth from the people of this
nation"
ut lis simply that there are toe
many men in the army and navy
sustained by too many like men in
civil life, who do not think it neces-
sary to keep the people informed.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-01-28

Private Sol Rowlett was home on
leave recently from the army air
force base hospital at Alliance,
Nebraska, where he is stationed.
His wife, the former Eula Mae
Jones. returned to Nebraska with
her husband. They wrote relatives
that there is plenty of snow and ice
there.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-01-28
Warren Prison
Bill Nearing
Vote in Senate
Continued from page

Continued from page l
have the plan introduced in a
separate bill.
Donaghue testified that around
5000C0 persons from Los Angeles
county alone were in the service
and overseas in war work and would
be eligible to vote under the alb
sent ballot plan. He favored Jor-
dams proposal for combining the
two primary elections as giving more
time for mailing ballots.
Assemblyman Francis Dunn, CD
Oakland, declared that there was
little use of providing for soldier
voting in the May presidential pri-
mary since there would be only
Gov. Warren on the Republican
ticket and President Roosevelt on
the Democratic ballot
MUSTER OUT PAY
The assembly rules committee
recommended adoption of a joint
resolution requesting congress to
adopt mastering out pay plan
for servicemen giving one addi-
tional months pay for each month
OF active service up to IL, to apply
to all men not eligible for retire
ment
The governor sent his appoint
ment of Julian H. Alec, San Fran
cisco, as a member of the state
board of prison directors to the
senate for confirmation. 1t was
referred to the rules committee and
Jerrold Seawell, CR0, Roseville,
committee chairman, said hearing
would be set probably for Saturday.
Alec has been Under attack by other
members of the prison board.
Only senator Thomas Heating,
CD, San Rafael, voted In the SEN
ate committee against recommend
ing the prison bill.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-01-28

all schools in the city working to-
gether in one unit No credit will
be given for the purchase of bonds
and stamps except those purchased
by the pupils and faculty On Janu-
airy Is alone purchased S2,4S8.35
worth and on the days sales on
January 25 totaled S5,22215. These
schools also are trying to name a
Cornell training plane.
Central Union High school sold
S2.63975 worth of bonds during
January, Mrs. Finney was informed.
The peak of the drive among the
schools in the northern part of the
county will start next week.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-01-28
700 Prisoners
Slain by Jops
lContinued from page

Continued from page l.
digger - responsible for 100000
years if necessary"
japanese brutality toward war
prisoners-So horrible that the
three officers who reported it said
the heroes of Bataan and Corregi-
dor never would have surrendered
had they known the fate in store
for them was not confined 70
Americans and FilipinoS.
In London, British Foreign Secre-
tary Anthony Eden reported SINH
lar atrocities against British and
Indian war captiveS. He said the
British government was making
the story public only because all
efforts to obtain satisfaction from
Japan had failed.
The American report proved con-
cluSively that the ia apanese have
Scrapped all civilized rules of treat
ment of war prisoners.
The report added new and ugly
chapter to the story of Japanese
atrocities made so clear when the
Tokyo government, again in COM
plete violation of accepted rules
of war, executed some of the cap
tured American flierS who took
part in the historic April, 1912 raids
on Japan's principal cities.
FACTS DISCLOSED
The report disclosed these facts:
At Camp O'Donnel, about 220O
American prisoners from Bataan
died during April and May of 1912.
The death rate among Filipino
prisoners was higher. BY October.
another 5000 Americans had died
at Camp Cabanatuan and $500 9TH
erS were in such condition that
American doctors were certain all
would die.
Thus, of the approximately 90
600 American fighting men in the
Philippines when the end came,
at least 7700 were dead or dying by
October of 1912. How many more
have died since then is a problem
almost too grisly to consider, for
the death toll on some occasions
reached so a day.
For full week after the Ameri-
can defenders of Corregidor had
surrendered, they were denied food
Then they received meager portions
OF rice and SardineS.
TO SLAPE JOBS ~
Many technical men-at least 400
and possibly l400-were shipped off
to Japan for slave labor in war fac
tories in complete defiance of the
Geneva convention on prisoner
treatment to which Japan claims
she is abiding.
At least three Americans and
three Filipinos were buried alive
Others were beheaded.
Many were given the Sun-treat-
ment, a form of torture in which
they were forced to remain under
the blistering sun with no cover.
ing.
A nightmariSh memory to the
men who escaped was what the
prisoners called the march of
death. With no food, water or
shelter from the sun, they were
forced to make 12-day march for
85 miles to work in labor battal-
ions.
Those WHO fell screaming in
agony CT approaching death were
beaten with sticks, whipped or shot
if they dared ask for food or water.
Some were run over by Japanese
trucks-deliberat
Men who once weighed 200 pounds
shrank to 80, became human skele-
J tons, and died by the hundreds. Di-
arrhea and dysentary were almost
universal, as was beri-beri.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-01-28

A change of address was received
by relatives this week for Private
A. Mancha. He has been in North
Africa and Italy with tank de-
stroyer battalion but now Is in
England Private Mancha is only
II years of age and has been in the
service since last June.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-01-28
STARTS JAIL TERM

RICIfMOND, Cal, Jan. 28. lUP)
Found guilty of lettering a six
year old girl in their apartment
while they worked on a Richmond
shipyard swing shift, Marshall F
Scarborough, 26, began serving 6
90-day Jail sentence Friday and hi;
welder wife, Gladys, 25, was on six
months probation.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-01-28
ESCAPEE PLEADS GUILTY

Emiliano Cuiroz Friday pleaded
guilty in Imperial county superior
court to a charge of escaping from
the Calexico jail while being held
there pending investigation. He was
arrested in Brawley several months
after his Jail break.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-01-28
lets's All BACK THE ATTACK!
BUY BONDS IN THE
4th WAR LOAN DRIVE!
TRY OVERNIGHT CARE
FOR miserable COLDS

the way grandma did. She used mutton
suet she medicatcd herself to relieve
colds coughing and muscle aches. Now
mothers just rub on Penetro. Has basf
containing old reliable mutton suet witt
modern scientific medication added
25c, double supply 35c. Get Pene'
Imperial Valley press., 1944-01-28
PAYS FINE, BILL

Jerome Stevens, charged with
defrauding an innkeeper in polio :
court Friday morning, paid a fine
of $40 and also paid his account
due to Francis MaHaffey, who for
merly operated the Central club
The bill was for $20.50.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-01-28

After three and a half years in
Alaska and the Aleutian Islands,
Corporal Orval E. Baxter is home
for a three-week'S visit in Ell Centre
with his parents. Mr.. and Mrs. j.
H. Baxter, and his five sisters and
two brothers all in El Centre. He
is with an army anti-aircraft unit,
Word was received from his BROTH
er. Ray Baxter, a seaman third
class in the navy, that he is in a
hospital somewhere in the south
Pacific war zone. He wrote his
mother that he is getting along
satisfactorily and will soon be back
on duty again.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-02-13

only a matter of time be-
fore the firebrand Of the
rails is apprehended.
The odds against a fire.
bug getting away with his
crime are about 1000 10 /.
The forces of law and
order have learned more
about arsonists, and how
they operate, than any other
law.breakerS. First, detec-
tiveS know the psychology
cal pattern that governs
most firebugs, and. second,
the give-away methods of
these crooks usually lead
10 their arrest.
Such criminals usually
are OF two kinds 49, they
either set blazes for a thrill
or to collect the insurance.
The thrill fiend is the
most dangerous because he
gives little thought to the
consequences.
1t is only when a pyro.
maniac comes along with a
new trick, like the incen-
diary tossing trai n-rider,
that the police are stumped
but even then, they are
baffled only temporarily.
To start a fire, and leave
no trace of the method
used, is, according TO the
experts, almost impossible.
Today fire departments
are equipped with every
thing from cameras for
photographing evidence TO
atmosphere preservers"-
bottles in which air samples
from the burning building
are caught and later ana
lyZed in the laboratory TO
provide clues.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-02-13

lust about the time police
think they have learned
- every diabolic trick of
the firebug along comes
some crackpot with a new
twist to the fiendiSh art Of
arson.
The latest fire.setting
trick popped up recently in
the Midwest where detec-
tives are on the hunt for a
warped in d ivid al who
losses incendiary torches
from express trains.
Probably the mad, rail
riding pyromaniac would
still have the authorities
baffled by his mysterious
tricks had not a bus driver
seen one of his torches
to S S e d from a Chicago.
bound train.
The driver, Elmer Beale,
waiting at a railway cross.
ing near Madison, NViscon.
sin, told how he observed
what looked like a bundle
of newspapers thrown from
a window of the express.
A few seconds after the
package hit the ground, it
burst into flame, starting
a marsh grass fire. Before
the blaze was brought un-
der control, the buildings
of the Madison Gun Club
were damaged, and the
flames were licking at
plane-filled hangers of the
Royal Airport and a 10000
gallon tank Of gasoline.
About $50 acres of grass.
land were burned over.
Now that police have dis.
covered the newest tech
nique of setting fires, it is
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-02-13
So tomorrow morning reach for your
Schick Injector Razor

Compare omorrowS shave with the you had today
smoorhnes and You'll welcome back the
shaving luxury Schck Injector features the only
basic improvements safety design in 40 years make
possible:
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-02-13

PS Spread the good word that these blades back
you have spare Schck Injector Razor pass along friend
thar he, know real shaving luxury For though
sufficient number of blades available still can't
the material for Schiok Injector Razors.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-10-15

WALL WASHfNC-20 ylt exp Paper
and kslsomine cleaned. Waite Wogs-
rnsn ID asa
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-10-15

8 Al MACHINE SHOP. 44Os2 Yoit.
Wayns. Aircraft P1rtA d. 1sls.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1944-09-21

Joe Boyd of Wyola and his
brother, Mark Boyd of Pittsburg,
were business callers in Hardin
on Wednesday. Mark Boyd is
spending a short vacation at
the Boyd ranch near Wyola.
Mrs. Harold wilkins of Port
land, Ore, Mrs. Gerald Patton
Of Bend, Ore, arrived in Har-
din Monday to visit at the home
Of their mother, Mrs. Ida
Taught. Mrs. Bernard Taught of
Greycliff is also visiting here.
WE HAVE Norge Oil heaters.
All SizeS-au prices. Hardin
Auto and Supply Co.
Mrs. Beulah Pemberton and
daughter of Wakenda, Mo-, and
Miss Karleen Pemberton of Kan
sas City, Mo-, spent the week
with Mr.. and Mrs. Taylor Elder
and family of Halfway.
HARDIN DRUG CO., A. M
Hicks. Let us be your prescrip-
ton druggist. 27-tf
Mr. and Mrs. Lee Curry and
family of st. Xavier, Mr.. and
Mrs. Taylor Elder and family of
Hallway, Glen Elder of Hardin
and Mrs. Beulah Pemberton and
daughter of Wakenda. Mo, were
In Fromberg on Sunday and
brought a load of apples home
with them.
RUMMAGE SALE. Catholic
Ladies, Sept. 80, in the Savoy
cafe building. 1872
Mr.. and Mrs Steve Teller and
Mrs. Taylor Elder were business
callers in Billings Saturday.
Mrs. Paul Wight and Mrs. C.
E. Ford were business callers in
Billings on Monday of this week.
MI. and Mrs. Bill Frazer of
Sarpy are spending a few days
this week in Billings.
WE ARE agents for American
Express Money Orders. Hardin
Drug Co. A. M. Hicks.
Miss Wanda Fitzpatrick was a
Billings caller Saturday.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1944-09-21
LOCALS
: PHONE YOUR NEWS ITEMS no NO. 8

Mrs. Harry Henderson, A/C
Harry Henderson. Jr., Barbara
and Mrs. J. N. Thompson were
in Billings on Wednesday,.
Mrs. Carl Long and mother,
Mrs. Holey, now living in Calf
ornia, spent the week end in
Hardin as house guests of Mrs.
w. A. Russell.
On Sunday Mrs. w. A. Russell,
Mrs. Carl Long, Mrs. Holey and
Mrs. Juel Ottun and children
were dinner guests at the home
of Mrs. Lille Ann Macleod.
Miss Eileen Plumb left Mon
day evening to resume her stud
les at Montana University in
Mlssoula: Miss Plumb is presi-
dent of Pan Hellanic this year.
She has been visiting at the
home OF her mother, Mrs. Mar
garet Plumb.
Miss Joyce Hitchcock. who is
spending a vacation at the home
OF her parents in Crow Agency,
was in Hardin Tuesday evening
and attended Rainbow installa-
ton.
RUMMAGE SALE. Catholic
Ladies, Sept. 80, in the Savoy
cafe building. 1872
The Misses Jeanne and Janice
Kelley left Thursday for Mis-
soula where they are enrolled
in the university.
WE HAVE Norge Oil heaters.
All sizes-an prices: Hardin
Auto and Supply Co.
Miss Frances Dehnert left
this week for MiSsoula, where
she will enroll as a sophomore
IN the university. Miss Dehn-
ert attended All Saints College
at Vicksburg, Miss, last year.
Mrs. Thelma Hyde and her
daughter, Thelma, left Thursday
for Missoula, where Miss Hyde
will enroll in a course in beauty
culture.
Mrs. Pink Johnson of LaureI
visited at the home of her sister,
Mrs. A. Buzzetti on Friday of
last week.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1944-09-21
OSEN STUDENT
BODY PRESIDENT

The Associated Students of
Billings Polytechnic Institute
have reelected Miss Helen KAN
erzeu of Hardin president for
the 1944-45 year, according to
pr. Ernest T. Eaton, Poly presi-
dent.
GWendolyn Warren of Rock
1old, ILL.,, was made vice presi-
dent; Bertha Dean Rankin of
Ferdig, treasurer; and G.. How
ard Mccormick, faculty sponsor.
The Associated Students
through its senate, officers and
committees carries on tine social
and extra-curricular activities
In cooperation with faculty re-
representatives..
Miss Kamerzell is a Junior who
IS preparing herself to become a
commercial teacher. She is a
graduate of Hardin high school.
AT the Poly she is also co-editor
of the Polygraph, college paper,
and IS president of the Masuued
1lnespianS, dramatics club.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1944-09-21

Mrs. I. l.. Dehnert and her
daughter Frances and Mrs. Eric
Walker were Billings callers on
Saturday.
Frank Elder of Washington ar
rived in Hardin on Monday to
visit friends and relatives.
Mrs. Mary Haverfield and her
daughters Mary Jane and Judy
of Billings were week end guests
at the home of Mr.. and Mrs. w.
L. Bell.
WE HAVE Norge Oil heaters.
ALI SlzeS-au prices. Hardin
Auto and Supply Co.
DR.. and Mrs. Vernon Wolf
left last Sunday for Kirkville,
MO-, where they will visit for
a short time.
Mrs. L. R. Cool will have
charge of the Wednesday after
noon surgical dressing class in
the absence of Mrs. J. j. Jack
son.
Mrs. Fred Waterman left Sat-
urday for Casper, Wyo., where
she will visit at the home of
her daughter, Mrs. Lynn Bent
ley and family.
Elmer Skeie left Saturday on
a business trip in the east.
Mr.. and Mrs. Walter Brekke
and son Gordon returned to
Hardin last Wednesday evening
from Grand Forks, N. D., where
they have been helping on
their farm for the last few
weeks.
MIR. and Mrs. Charles Egnew
are the parents of a son born
on Friday, Sept. 16 in a Billings
hospital. He has been named
Robert Charles.
Fred Lipp was a Sunday din
ner guest at the home of Mr..
and Mrs. r. P. Ross.
Mrs. Charles Sweeney. Mrs.
David Mann and Mrs. Maynard
SarleS were Billings shoppers on
Tuesday.
Mrs. Carrie Hulstone of
Roundup was a week end guest
at the home of MI. and Mrs.
Hollis Johnson.
Mrs. Ruby Muffin was a din
ner guest at the M. D. Holmes
home on Sunday.
Matt Tschirgi of Wyola was a
business caller in Hardin on
Wednesday of this week.
RUMMAGE SALE. Catholic
Ladies, Sept. 80, in the Savoy
cafe building. 1872
Mrs. A. R. Koebbe arrived
home Wednesday evening from
Ogden, Utah, where she has
been visiting for the past few
weeks with her daughter.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1944-09-21
H8X Nlws OF U
&|# ~ "t S1:sosM

Mrs. Gerald Shines received a
phone call from ner husband,
Corporal Gerald Shines on Mon
day evening. Cpl. Shines has
just returned to the United
States on is in the General Hos
pital in San Francisco.
Pfc. Willard Lindsey of Lodge
Grass is home On a furlough
and is visiting at the home of
his parents, MIR. and Mrs. Harry
Lindsey. Pfc. Lindsey has lust
returned from 18 months over
seas duty.
AMIN BIC Dannie H. Lautt
son of Mr.. and Mrs. Ed Lautt
is spending a IL day leave IN
Hardin. Lautt is stationed at
Memphis, Tenn, with the II. s
Naval air station.
Air Cadet Harry Henderson
arrived in Hardin Sunday even
ing to visit at the home of his
parents, Mr.. and Mrs. Harry
Henderson. A/C Henderson mas
been stationed at San Luis OBJ
isbo, Calf, and will go to pre-
flight training school at St.
MaryS, Calf.
Mr.. and Mrs. c. S. Elder re-
ceiVed word from their son. Pvt.
Charles Elder that he has been
transferred from New Zealand
to New Guinea and is in the
message center there.
TVS Alvin Hocnhalter, who
has been spending a furlough
at the home of his parents. Mr.
and Mrs. c. c. Hochhalter. will
leave this week end to report.
back to camp at San Diego,
Calf.
Seaman 1/c Eugene Borgess. of
Crow Agency Monday evening to
spend a leave at the home of
his parents. Mr.. and Mrs. E. H,
B1oggess. Seaman Borgess. will
leave Sunday to report back to
the Great Lakes Naval training
center.
Oru was received here this
week by Mrs. Eli LaFranier of
Hardin that her son, Seaman
1/c. Francis A. LaFranier has
arrived safely at a station on
Guam. Francis left for overseas
duty in July.
MI. and Mrs. Charles Clement
received word this week that
their son-in-law, 1t. Wayne
Schug has been promoted to the
rank of first lieutenant. It.
Schug is stationed in England
with the Eighth air force and is
bombardler. His wife, the for
mer Betty Clement, is with her
sister, Mrs. Jordon in San Fer
nando, Calf.
Word was received this week
by Mr.. and Mrs. Charles Gle
ment that their son, Clarence,
is in a hospital in Sidney, Aus
tralia with a tropical fever.
Clarence has served 80 months
In the medical corps overseas.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1944-09-21
ARTICLES
IN MAGAZINE

The manpower shortage need
not affect Junior, says Mrs.
Charles Murdoch of Wyola in
the Young Mothers Exchange in
the October issue of Better
Homes and Gardens. Mrs. Muir
dock has submitted several ideas
for making over first garments
and first bedding too so they'll
see Junior through the winter.
Maybe he had some of those
little strawberries of "hug-me-
light" sweaters. They make
beautiful shirts or soakers.
OutgroWn sweaters can be con-
Verted into grand wooden under
shirts with merely a twist of the
scissors.
Baby's first blankets can serve
again this winter. Only odds
and ends of yarn to crochet
the blankets together are needed.
Bright color schemes concocted
in this way are said to have
special baby appeal"
Here is another cold weather
idea from Mrs. Murdoch. In cold
weather a toddler can use leg
gings which are easily made
from an adults old wooden socks.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1944-09-21

bonds and add to their future
payment funds in federal land
banks. They can use money in
these funds to make payments
on their future loans in less fav-
orable times. If farmers main
tain these savings and do not
waste them in farm land specu-
lation such as prevailed after the
first World War, they will be in
a better position to face recon-
version from war to peace than
at any time in the history of
the country, the governor said.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1944-09-21
PVT. HERBEL,
Is GRADUATED

Pvt. Emanuel E. Herbel was
graduated from the airplane
armorers school at Lowry field
In Denver on Aug. 2, it was an
nounced here. His work was es-
pecially concerned with BIAS.
Those who attended his gradu-
alton included his parents, MIR.
and Mrs. Dave Herbel, ST., Mrs.
Ray Kurtz and children and
Mrs. Jacob Metzker.
Pvt. Herbel has been transfer
red to Laredo, Tex, for an eight
weeks course in gunnery.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1944-09-21
FARMERS ARE RE-
PAYING LOANS

Farm Credit administration
borrowers with land bank and
commissioner loans repaid four
times more than they borrowed
during the year ended June 80,
making farmers equities in their
farms highest in Is years, the
governor of the FCA reported.
Farmers also have used their
increased income to buy War
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1944-09-21
SPEAKS AT WINNETT

J. J: Ping, Worthy Grand Pa
iron, o. u. S, was guest speaker
at the silver jubilee of Rlmrock
Chapter at Wlnnett On Sept. 20.
This is the home chapter of
Fast Grand Matron Mrs. Bertha
WeilOff,
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1944-09-21
MERL HOLMES
IS WOUNDED

MI. and Mrs. Allen Romine
have received a letter from Pfc,
Merl F. Holmes, formerly of Har-
din, stating that he is recover
ing from serious wounds receiv-
ed on D Day of the Normandy
invasion.
Pfc. Holmes has been overseas
about nine months. Previous to
entering the service, he spent
several summers in Hardin and
on tine Sarpy ranch of his uncle,
Charles Holmes.
His wife resides in Coulterville,
III.
Holmes was able to see the light
er side of his predicament, as
evidenced by this quotation
from his letter, They say travel
on the continent broadens one
I'll say it flattened mel"
The Hardin Tribune-Herald
has rolls of two inch brown gum
med paper for sealing packages
and boxes.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1944-09-21

Shop in Hardin!
The Nome nugget., 1944-11-17

tempates early demobiization, Admiral Donohue said that in keeping with navy policy, Coast Guardsmen will continue to serve until the war with Japan ends.
 Occasionally men over 38 or those with physical disabilities will be discharged" he stated, "but each release will be based on the case of the individual, not as part of mass program. Ex- cept in the event of serious physical disability, all those re- ceiving discharges must first prove that they will be a greater asset to the nation as civilians. |"
 Wherever possible, he contin- ued, men will be mustered out at discharge center nearest their home. These demobiization headquarters are being set up now, he said, but will not be in full operation until the end of hte war.
 "The war has proved conclus- ively that a strong navy is truly our first line of defense," he de- clared.