Evening star., 1944-08-29
Peace Terms Question
Avoided at Dumburton

Peace ] erms Question
Avoided at Dumburton
Action Taken to Speed Postwar
Security Plans, Says Lawrence
By David Laurence
Although no ofhcial announcement
has been made. the most important de-
cision concerning the scope Of the
Dumbarton Oaks conference was
reached many weeks ago and that was
to separate the making Of specific peace
terms for the occupation Of Germany
and Japan from the mechanism to be
known as the international security or
ganization.
Thus the larger organization will
come into being as soon as the member
governments can ratify the proposed
charter. This may be within q few
months but Germany and Japan, Of
course, will not be members.
Such questions, therefore, as the in
dustrialization of the Ruhr and the
military agreements for the handling
of the German and Japanese armies
and navies and air forces are not being
discussed at all by the diplomatic rep
resentatives of Russia, Britain and the
United States gathered here but will be
reserved for the parleys to be held after
hostilities have ceased.
The theory back of this arrangement
Is that the permanent world peace Or
ganization can begin to function, so
far as all countries except Germany and
Japan are concerned, and that If and
when these two countries qualify,
which may be matter of years, they
will be admitted to the international
security organization and given its pro-
lection and their share of its RESPONSE
bilities.
Point Cleared for Dewey.
Hence Gov. Dewey's proposal concern
ing the industrialization of the Ruhr, for
example, was evidently made under a
misapprehension as to the subjects be-
fore the Dumbarton Oaks conference.
The point has since been made clear
to John Foster Dulles, representative Of
Gov. Dewey in the conference with Sec
retary Hull
The broad outlines of the interna-
tional security organization have been
revealed to Republican as well as Demo-
cratic members of Congress and there
Is general unanimity of support for
what is known as the American plan.
There is, indeed, considerable enthusi-
asm for the proposals as being the
kind that American public opinion will
support because they are in conformity
with American constitutional safe
guards with respect to the employment
OF force in given contingencies.
What the terms of agreement will
some day be between the United States
and Great Britain with reference to the
handling Of defeated Germany is some
thing which the so-called European Ad-
visory Commission, sitting now in Lon
don, is believed to be developing. These
terms are essentially of military ma
ture, and in policing Germany 1t is in
tended that the United States, Great
Britain and Russia shall undertake to
do it for period of at least five years.
Later the general international organi-
zation fully organized, will assume re-
| sponsibility for this and other tasks of
world peace
Period Of Transition.
1t may be that the period Of transi-
ton will be shorter than five years. Ger
tainly the military chiefs of Britain
Russia and the United States will enter
at first into detailed agreement which
Will keep the present military collabo-
ration in force Indefinitely. Hence the
combined chiefs of staff will continue
its existence long after the armistice
Is signed or peace treaty arranged.
1t means that the present military
combination will not be dissolved until
a substitute force such as the general
international organization later may ar
range to mobilize is a reality.
Meanwhile, the continuance of Mill
tary collaboration, insofar as the United
States is concerned, will have to be
sanctioned by both houses of Congress
since 1t will involve an extension of the
present declaration of a state of war,
Provision will have to be made, how
ever, for the issuance of formal proc
lamation of state of peace to end
the use of powers inside the United
States but funds will have to be appro.
priated and authority given by Con-
gress for an extension of the present
war powers by means of sort of post
war supplement.
Congress will very likely approve OF
the arrangement because it can come
up for revision at any time by any Con-
gress as circumstances change. The
process thus will differ from the peace
negotiations that ended the World War
In due time Germany and Japan will
sign peace treaty but it is probable
that this will come before our Senate
only when qualified government has
emerged In each enemy country worthy
OF recognition and sufficiently trust
worthy to fulfill international respon-
Sihi1itioS