davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Imperial Valley press., 1944-06-20
Planes
Sweep
Reich
Smash Germans
DwindIins
Oil Supplies

LONDON, June 20. (UP)
"A record fleet of 2,250 Am
erican heavy bombers and
fighters blasted four big Nazi oil
centers into roaring pillars of fire
Tuesday.
The mighty blow at the heart of
the German war machine evoked
only meager opposition from the
battered LuftWaffe.
Switching suddenly from the
tactical campaign against enemy
communications in northern France,
the 9th air force sent we'll over 1900
Flying FortreSses and Liberators
and half as many fighters over
northwestern Germany to bomb and
burn synthetic and natural oil re-
fineries at Hamburg, Hanover
Magdeburg, and Poelitz.
The staggering blow at Germany's
fast dwindling oil resources was
carried out in perfect weather that
enabled the American sky giants to
lay their high explosives and in
cendiaries squarely across the tar
gets.
They came over their objectives
almost unopposed and left great
billoWing columns of smoke and
flame towering thousands of feet
in the air. Two hundred miles
away on their homeward flight, the
American creWmen still saw black
smoke clouds, evidence of the sue
cess of their attack.
All Germany seemed to have
been the target and all Germany
seemed to be on fire said Second
Lieutenant Arthur I. Stecher, Los
Angeles, Calf, Fortress navigator
Imperial Valley press., 1944-06-20
Navajo Soldier
Makes Trinkets
From Nazi Plane

WINDOW ROCK, Ariz., June
20. CUP)-Thomas Jose, Nav
ajo Silversmith, now with the
armed forces in Italy, is turn
ing his spare time into cash at
the expense of German night
fighter planes.
I'm making bracelets out of
German airplanes," Jose said.
THE planes are the ones which
come around at night and our
men shoot them down. They
make beautiful bracelets"
Jose says that he has made
two of them and sold them for
SIS each.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-06-20
Plane Plants Get
S300,000,000 in
Speed up Orders

LOS ANGELES, June 20. CUP)-
Aircraft plants in the Los Angeles
area have received contracts total
ing an additional $300,000,000, Louis
M. Dreves, head of the area pro-
duction urgency committee, an
Tuesday.
The new contracts are a part of
eec-up production program which
will eventually include nearly all
local war industries, he said.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-06-20

MEXIA, Tex, June 20.
(UP)-The case of the "lit
UP" meat, which has baffled
city health Investigators since its
discovery Monday by a frightened
Negro. was turned over to the de-
partment of veterinary surgery at
Texas A. & M. university Tuesday.
DR.. C. P. Mckenzie, city health
officer, said he had IAN idea" what
caused the meat to give off ghost
ly phosphorescent glow, but he re-
Imperial Valley press., 1944-06-20

LONDON, June 20. (UP)
Production Minister Oliver
Lyttelton said Tuesday in a
speech on Anglo American rela-
tions and mutual lend-leaSe that
"it is travesty on history ever to
say that America was forced into
the war"
America provoked Japan to such
ar extent that ''the Japanese were
forced to attack the Americans at
Pearl Harbor," Lyttelton said in
Imperial Valley press., 1944-06-20
MOSCOW, June 20. (UP)

MOSCOW, June 20. (UP)
Soviet vanguards reached
the outskirts of Viipuri, back
door to the Finnish mainland and
Helsinki, Tuesday and front dis
patches indicated the enemy'S re-
treat had been turned into rout.
Infantry converging on Viipuri over
highways and forest trails on big
arc from southwest to east, captur-
ed town after town intact and swept
on in pursuit of the fleeing Firms.
The Finnish army appeared to
have been disorganized completely
by the Red army's swift smashing
of the Mannerheim line and two
other defense lines farther south
| in the Karelian ISthmuS in the
first II Gays of an offensive design
ed to knock Finland out Of the war.
FALL OF CITY NEARS
diminish quarters in Stockholm
forecast the fall of Viipuri within
43 hours. Helsinki dispatches said
trucks and buses had been rushed
from Helsinki to speed the evacua-
ton of Viipuri and reported the
Finnish political situation appear
ed very delicate.D
Widening their breach in the
Mannerheim line to at least 81
miles, the Red army drove across
the outer approaches of Viipuri
Finlands third largest city, with
increasing momentum while Soviet
artillery, WarshipS and planes
clamped a tight blockade on Viipuri
bay to prevent enemy ships from
escaping to the Gulf of Finland.
SINK 16 SHIPS
In addition, planes of the Red
banner Baltic fleet sank at least
l6 enemy ships, including six trans
ports, in the Gulf of Finland. Twen-
ty-tWo German and Finnish planes
were shot down in aerial combat.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-06-20

fused to divulge it until we are
certain"
Discovery of the phenomenon was
reported yesterday by frightened
Negro who rushed into the police
station screaming:
my meat, it's all lit up
Police and health officers check
ed his icebox and confirmed his
story. A check of meat stores re-
vealed the same phenomenon in
five of them.
The state health department, aid
ed by several doctors and officers
Imperial Valley press., 1944-06-20
5000 Jews Lost
In Rome Area

ROME, June 20. CUP)-The news
paper II Tempo estimated Tuesday
that of ll000 Jewish residents in
Rome, 5000 disappeared curing
German occupation as the result
of wholesale arrests and deporta-
tions carried on by Nazi police.
The newspaper also said that the
Germans ransacked the synagogue
in Rome and carried away all the
historic books and documents.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-06-20
Unionist Police
Fired by Chief

JACKSON, Miss, June 20. up
Civilian volunteers, aided by mill
tary police from the nearby Jackson
air base, patrolled the streets CT
this city of $1,000 population Tues
day after majority of its police
officers was dismissed by orders
of the city council for belonging to
a new organized union.
Only 35 members of the regular
police force were available for pa
troll duty, including office workers.
The remaining Al police and detec-
tives were dismissed Monday, but
Imperial Valley press., 1944-06-20

refused to turn in their badges as
ordered by Chic. OF Police j. ID.
Holden.
Civilians, composed mostly of
businessmen who volunteered TO
police the blocks in which their
establishments were located, gave
the city its only protection Monday
night.
Some OF the dismissed officers Of
fered to aid the civilians but Holden
warned them that If they made
any arrests they would be liable
fer impersonating an officer.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-06-20
Briton Says u. S. Provoked
Japan into Ma king War

United States. while American rep
resentatives did likewise for their
country. adding
But we always found In the end
that our respective interests we're
not very different"
Lyttelton disclosed That the Unit
ed States sent $4.000,0oo 900 worth
OF lend-lease supplies TO Britain,
or twice the amount OF all materials
furnished under reverse lend lease
by Britain to the United States.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-06-20
EMMONS TRANSFERRED

SAN FRANCISCO. June 90 CUP)
Lieutenant General Delos C. EN-
mons has been relieved of his po-
sition as commanding general of
the western defense command, ef-
fective Tuesday, and will be trans
ferred to an unannounced impor-
tant command, the army an
nOunced
Imperial Valley press., 1944-06-20

departure from his prepared ad-
dress at an American chamber of
commerce luncheon.
Everyone knew where America S
sympathies were." the member of
the British war cabinet said in sup
port of his assertion that the
United States was not forced into
the war.
He said he always placed the
needs and interests of Great Brit
ain just ahead of those of the
Imperial Valley press., 1944-06-20
FIRES DOUSED

The Ell Centre fire department
extinguished trash fire at the
rear of 693 Main street Monday af-
ternoon. At $3.50 a. m Tuesday the
farm truck was called to siding east
CT Holtville where they we're able
TO prevent total loss of a blazing
box car.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-06-20
SovietS
Near
viiipuri
Finn Retreat
Turns into
Complete Rout

LONDON, June 20. tUP)-RadiO
Moscow broadcast an announce
ment Tuesday night that Viipuri.
third largest city i'm Finland, has
been captured.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1944-01-10

dividing 1t between them roughly along the old Cur
ION line That, says Russia now is the true Polish
border. The Polish government in London contends
that the Psudsk line is the rghtfu border and that
when the Red Armies crossed it recently they entered
Polish territory Seriousness of the Polish Russian
rift lies in fact that powerful Polish underground,
operating in disputed territory could speed Russian
defeat of Germans But underground leaders were
instructed to cooperate with Russians only If dip
lomatic relations, broken, were re-estabished.
Map also shows Wilma area, seized by Poland from
Lithuania in 1920 and Czechoslocakia's Teschen
taken after Munich conference, 1913.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1944-01-10
Spotlighting
BrassCityNews
Going Up?

Application by the Interstate
Bus Corp. for a proposed air
route between Springfield, Mass
and Washington, D. c., reveals
that Waterbury is listed as a stop
on the direct line. The company
has filed application with the
Civil Aeronatics Board in Wash
ington.
The company, according to the
application, intend to purchase,
lease or acquire suitable air
craft such as helicopters or other
type aircraft as they become
available.
This is the fifth company to file
application listing Waterbury as
an air point. Others include Am
erican Air Lines, Colonial Air
ways, United Air Lines and the
Northeast Air Lines.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1944-01-10
Standing!

Five Waterbury young women
have volunteered to donate blood
to 4-year-old Billy Meers, who is
suffering from a kidney aillnent
in a Dallas Texas hospital.
Since September the boy has
used 227 pints which was exhaust
ing the hospitals supply. Hearing
of his plight, the women, Rita
and Anna McDonough, 1877 Bald
win Street, Eileen Murphy, 964
Baldwin Street, Kay Moss, Coe
Street, and Catherine Hayes, IS
Grove Street, made the offer.
Unless more donors offer blood,
1t is doubtful if the offer of the
young women would be sufficient
to warrant processing by the large
firms engaged in the work.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1944-01-10
WAR FUND TOTAL
PAST $z3,587 MARK

Naugatuck, Jan. 10-Contributions
TO the Naugatuck War fund received
over the weekend increased the
total by $l07.50. making the grand
total, $2S,857.6l, Milton B. Lent.
chairman, announced today.
Those contributing were: Bona
venture Stoppani. $l2; Colette M.
DAILY, s.; U. s. Rubber Girls club,
$40; Donald Brennan, 50; high
school students. $3.50; Jack Stin-
son. 81; Chester Stiber, 81; James
T. Leary, IS; Anna w. 0ibbud, So:
q friend, 81 and Employees Of q. s.
Rubber Co. ladditionall ga.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1944-01-10
"TrOuble Spot"

Relations of the Baltic nations
with Russia and their struggles
for independence were discussed
by Attorney Constant Jurgela of
New York City at a meeting of
the Observation-Disclosures Council
yesterday afternoon at Nemunas
hall, As Green Street. The speaker
urged formation of a united group
to strive for restoration of indie
pendence for the small countries.
Mr.. Jurgela also spoke on the
war loan efforts made in New
York by Lithuanian residents, and
said that purchases during the
third drive totaled $4,000.
Plans for celebration OF Lithu-
anian Day on Feb. 10, were made
during the business meeting.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1944-01-10

ately bestowed the title upon Morton
Gould, youngest of all contempor-
airy composers.
The CHS Carnival" maestro be-
gan his musical career at the age
of four, as did the Australian genius.
Morton's father, an amateur violin
list, had observed signs of talent in
his young son, but was unprepared
| for an amazing event that deter
mined the boys future.
Morton was watching the World
War ArmiStice Day festivities. The
whistles and bells excited him so
much, he toddled to the family
piano and poked at the keys. He
hesitated a moment, then launch
ed into at technically correct version
of Sousa's STARS and Stripes For
ever!"
The boy then insisted that he be
allowed to write music b.. His faith
er. willing to enter into the spirit
of make-believe, gave him pencil
and paper. Morton scribbled furious
" and announced he had compoS-
ed a tune. Mr.. and Mrs. Gould
smiled amusedly, but when Morton
later played what he had written,
his nonpluSsed parents were con-
WINGED he had the markings OF ma
ture artist.
To round out the Mozart compar-
ison, young Gould had completed
almost fifty compositions at the age
of fifteen. His first teacher, Abby
Whiteside, sent him to DIR. Vincent
Jones for further instruction IN mus
ical theory, but Jones, after hearing
| the boy, exclaimed: Il can teach
him nothing. He Is already better
than l"
Gould appeared in concert, where
he startled critics with his elbow"
technique. Morton didn't hesitate 70
use his elbow or forearm in order
to achieve the effect he desired.
After playing with the Radio City
Music Hall orchestra and the MO
staff organization. he conducted .
series of his special arrangements
for MBS.
| Morton, now co-starring with Alec
Templeton, on the Wednesday eye'
ming Carnival, is completing ar
rangements for the premiere of his
latest composition, Concertette ioI
Viola, commissioned by Emanuel
Vardi, a former first desk violist for
Arturo Toscanini.
At midnight. Monday, January
10th. Art Ford. conductor OF
WNEW'S all-night program, Mix
mans Matinee, will launch the
longest single program ever dedi-
Gated to recruiting for any branch
of the service.
To start of the WAVES oile-
week enlistment drive with a bang,
Ford will devote his entire 6-hour
and 45-minute program to selling
the importance and advantages OF
enlisting.
The Kings Men" popular quar-
tet featured on the Fibber MCGEE
and Molly radio show. literally sing
by the yard All their musical ar
rangements are written on a single
long strip Of paper, and are slid
across the piano as their songs pro-
greSS.
Here's an example OF how script
writer's draw on their own home life
to make god radio realism: last
year, writer Sam Moore's two
young sons almost wrecked the
Moore house while conducting ex-
periments with chemical set. so
this year the event was duplicated
on The Great Gildersleeye" pro-
gram when Moore wrote sequence
wherein lie Roy" and his pal,
Piggy" were the offenders.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1944-01-10
Ban on Stoves

Issuance of oil heating and
cooking stove purchase certifi-
Gates has been cut 80 per cent
due to the decrease in oil sup
plies here, it has been reported.
The January quota for all types
of stoves is IS per cent below
that of December.
The state fuel Office predicts
that the supplies next month
will be eight, although the sit
uation at the present time is not
considered serious.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1944-01-10
Organizing Drive

Harold Z. Kenseth Of New
York City, assistant director of
Embarrassing for the North At
lantic area of the Red Cross,
will be a speaker at an Organiza-
tiOnaI meeting of the local chap
ter's war fund committee this
afternoon at Audet hall on
Church street. Plans will be dis
cussed for the local drive to be
conducted here in March.
workers Training" a Red
Cross film. will be shown by Mrs.
John C. Walker, Mrs. Herman
Rooster, war fund chairman, will
preside at the meeting.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1944-01-10
JOHN MARTIN
ENTERS NAVY
Colonial Ave. Youth Reci=
pient of Gifts at Fare
we'll Party
WATERVILLE
Correspondent, Alice MacMuI-
len, Phone 3-7217

Waterville, Jan. 1O,-John Martin
of Colonial Ave-, was honored
Thursday night at a party given at
his home. John left Friday for serv-
ice in the Navy. He received many
gifts from those present. A lunch
was served later in the evening.
Those present were: Margaret
Bowes, Jacquelyn Cunningham, May
Cunningham, James Ahrens, Ronald
Sidell, Billy Collins, Jack Duwee,
Jonh Martin, Patty and Roy Martin.
Also: Miss Ruth Martin, Miss
Grace Maher, Miss Christine Dad
ario, Mr.. and Mrs. William Nelson.
Mr. and Mrs. Joseph Benoit, Mr.. and
Mrs. James Ahrens and Mr.. and
Mrs. Edward Martin.
Sam jackson, ard william Jones
Of the U. S. Navy are the guests Of
Mr.. and Mrs. Robert Cosgriff of
Cooke street.
Pfc. Vincent SAM, u. S. M. C., sta
toned In New River, N. c., spent
the weekend at his home on Thorn
aston Ave.
Clifford Northrop of Chester Ave,
spent the week END here from the
U. s. Maritime Service Officers
Training School in New London,
Conn.
The Casper S. Davis F. D. g. B.
Corps will meet tomorrow night at
7 In their rooms in the rear Of the
Post office. Anyone who would like
to do solo part in the minstrel spon-
sored by the Corps. Is asked TO con-
tact member and give them their
name. The chorus viii be made up
Of drum Corps. members and several
acts have already been arranged by
the Corps.
Bows Eetsste Will meet tomorrow
The Waterbury Democrat., 1944-01-10
WATR PRO GRAMS
l3z0 kilol ycIes

3:00-Trea sury Star Parade
3:15-My True Story
3:45-Little Jack Little
4:00-Blue Frolics
4:30-Music For y Half Hour
5:00-Melody Review
5:30-News
5:45-Superman
6:00-Yankee News
6:15-Terry G. The Pirates
6:30-Pleasure e. Profit
6:45-Jack Armstrong
7:00-Fulton Lewis, Jr.
7:15-Phone Your Answer
7:30-Army Air Forces
S:00-Sizing Up The News Batter
S:15-Fuiton Oursler--NewS
S:30-Blind Date
9:00-Gabriel Heater
9:l5-Gracie Fields
9:30-Spotlight Bands
9:55-News
10:00-Raymond Clapper--News
l0:15-Dancing Discs: News
10:30-National Radla Forum
11:00-Yankee News
l1:15-Raymond z. Henle, News
11:30-Saludos Amigos
11:55-NewS
l2:00-Sign OFF
TOMORROW
A. M.
7:45-Sacred Heart Program
8:o0-Yankee News
S:l5-Melody Roundup
S:30-Early Bird
S:45-Morning Devotions
9:00-Breakfast Club
10:00-Sweet River
l0:l5-Shoppers' Guide
1:O0-Breakfast At Sardi'E
11:30-Gil Martyn--New
1l:l5-What's Your Ideas?
11:55-Gotham Hosiery
I2:00-Melodic Moments
12:15-Yankee News
l2:30-NeWs
1245-Lets Dance
p. NJ.
l:oO-News: Fourth War Loan
Drive
1:15-Jack Berch & The Three SUI
81 :30-Luncheon With Lopez
1:45-Carnival
2:0O-Headline News: Two O'Clock
Jump
2:15-Yankee Kitchen
2:45-Swing Shift
3:OO-Freedom On The Land
Forever
3:15-My True Story
3:45-Little Jack Little
4:00-Blue Frolics
4:30-Full Speed Ahead
5:00-Melody Review
5:3O-News
5:45-Superman
6:0O-Yankee News
Cutlery & The Pirates
6:3O-Music For Dining
6:45-Jack Armstrong
7:00-Fulton Lewis, Jr.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1944-01-10

DCuCOlCtAOh
ballroom. A skit, selections by the
Girl Scout chorus, and a promise
ceremony will be included on the
program.
Mrs. Norwood Webster, Mrs. Ten
nant Edwin and Mrs. Richard Burr
will participate in the skit, Report
of the Year" Members of Troop 8,
under the leadership of Miss Lena
Capristo, and representatives Of
other troops will conduct the prom
Use ceremony. The chorus will
sing under the direction Of Mrs.
Kenyon Congdon.
The blessing will be given by
Rev. Francis o. Ayres of st. Johns
Episcopal church, and greetings will
be extended by Mrs. Joel 1. Butler,
commissioner of the local council.
City officials and leaders of vari-
Gus local agencies have been in
invited as guests of the organiza-
ton.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1944-01-10

John T. Maher, son of Mr.. and Mrs. Carl Maher, 756
Kelley Street. Bronx, has been promoted from private
first class to corporal at the Ferrying Division base
Rosecrans Field Saint Joseph NO. where he on duty
technical instructor in pistols and firing Born IN
attended high school here and employed there as
milling machine operator before entering the Army at
Governors Island April g. 1912 He has served at Ft
Dix Kessler Field, Fort Sill and Jefferson Barracks
Corporal Maher is married and has child His family
lives in ST. Joseph Mo- He has three brothers in service
Gerald, in Hawaii Francis, South Pacific and Robert
Camp Swift, Texas.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1944-01-10
Good Evening.

Jimmy Little, statistcian of the Police Depart
ment is sporting brand chapeau which certainly
has drawn more than ordinary comment. When he
arrived at the station morning this week. bedecked
with very good looking new StetsOn, his buddes were
amazed for it was the first time any of them ever saw
him with lid on But Jimmy really take it and
despite all the kibtzing he had to endure he promised
never to be bareheaded again.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1944-01-10
Girl SCOUTS AT
ANNUAL Dinner
Rev. Francis O. Ayres to
Give BenedictiOn at To-
nights Event

Girl Scouts in Wartime will
be the subject of a talk by Mrs.
Homer Borst of New Haven, a mem
Der of the Girl Scout regional
speakers bureau, at the annual din
ner of local adult Girl Scout work.
ers tonight at Gas at the Elton
The Waterbury Democrat., 1944-01-10

Corporal Joseph KushliS husband of the former Ann
Gadney of Rye Street. has been promoted to sergeant
with the Headquarters Battery at Camp Edwards Mass
He's former employee of the Chase Grand Street office
"Red" Champion, a corporal at Camp Edwards
Mass, spent the weekend in town. Mr.. and Mrs
Robert Seery of Wolcott are the proud parents of
daughter Beverly born last Friday at the New Haven
Hospital.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1944-01-10
I59O.-WBRY--96

3:15-News-- Elizabeth Bemis
3:30-Columbia Masterworks OF
Music
4:00-Broadway Matinee
4:25-Bill Costello, News
4:3O-Golden Gate Quartet
4:45-The Raymond Scott Show
5:00-Fun With Dunn
6:30-The Suppertimers
5:45-American Women
6:00-Sports News
6:1O-To Whom 1t May Concern
6:15-To Your Good Health
6:30-NeWs
6:45-The World Today
6:56-The Meaning OF the News
7:00-Seryice Unlimited
7:15-Ed Sullivan Entertains
7:30-Blondie
S:OO-Vox Pop
8:S0-Concert Hall OF the Air
8:55-NeWs-- Bill Henry
9:00--Luxt Radio Theater
1O:O0-Screeu Guild Players
10:3O-Broadway Showtime-F ea tut
ing william Gaxton. Orch.
Under Direction ]. rBlacktor
and Guest SoioiBtg
11sO0-NeW9
11:i5-Joan Brooks, Songs
11:30-Sonny Durham, Orch.
43tHN~~41XW 2kk N< !.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1944-01-10

Bill Leary, former emplOye of Fitzgerald and
Patt has been promoted from corporal to sergeant in
Boston, Mass. He is the husband Of the former Helene
Fore Vic Galgot who just completed boot training
at the Sampson, N Y, Naval Base, weekended in town.
-. John Lynch, son Of Attorney and Mrs. George
Lynch Of NddIebury, wound up Today furlOugh
recently and has returned to his duties at the Great
Lakes Naval Training Station.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1944-01-10

Sergeant Frank Horrigan of Willow Street. former
emplOye of the Chase Brass and Copper Company,
recently had the pleasure of seeing President Franklin
d. Roosevelt when the nations chief executive visited
Sicily to greet his Army troops. Frank member of
the Air Corps, also King George in Africa last
summer.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1944-01-10

City Sheriff Glenn Briotti one of the most regular
fellows anyone would to cherish acquaintance,
is certainly the hardest man to find in the city hall But
the truth of the matter it is not his fault for he's
usually around when anyone calls 1t just seems the city
fathers move his office every time they need room for
something else One week he's the first floor, next
on the second then elsewhere but he never complains
He's probably been evicted from more offices than any
city sheriff in history.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1944-01-10

Private First Glass william c. Yuska, a former
employe of the Boys Club, arrived home last Friday
after 20 months of military service in Panama. Bill
will remain here until January % when he will report
for further Army assignments at Camp Upton N. Y
He looks none the worse from the tOrrid climate in
Panama where he claims he did not see fresh egg in
~ months.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1944-01-10

Gerald Hannng of Davis Street, Oakvile, a sergeant
with the Air Corps who has been in the service OF Uncle
Sam two years next month, is home on 14-day fur
Tough from military assignments in Louisiana But it's
anything but the urough he dreamed Of for he's laid
up with flu He's former employe of the Oakvie Pin
Company.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1944-01-10
Drive For Natural Rubber Goes
In High AS Stockpile Decreases

Editors Notes Following the first Of series of six dispatches
william United
Washington before that with
Europe
from America His figures
gathered in the field checked in WashngtOn