davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1944-11-22
Bonned Books

AS a contribution to the observance
of Freedom of the Press Week, the
Library of Congress has arranged an
exhibition of books which, at one
time or another, have been denied
unhampered circulation in the
United States, and wide variety
of literary productions, as we'll might
be expected, is displayed Works as
diverse in character as Shakespeare
Merchant of Venice" and Mark
TWain's "Tom Sawyer" have fallen
under official ban in communities
ss civilized as Buffalo and Brooklyn.
The list of works Disseminated
against includes Voltaire's "Candide," ;"
Elizabeth Barrett Browning's "Au-
rora Leigh" Walt Whitman's Leaves
of Grass" Harriet Beecher Stoves
Uncle Toms Cabin" Upton Sin
clair's Jungle" Theodore Dreiser's
Genius" and John Steinbeck's
Grapes of Wrath" 1t also, of
course, embraces religious, philo-
sophical and scientific volumes
which have been Objectionable to
authorities more or less difficult to
please
Carl Vitz, president of the Amer
ican Library Association, sponsoring
the Week, explains that the purpose
of the occasion is to give American
libraries and their patrons and
friends "the opportunity of taking
q stand on the absolute right of the
individual to read anything OF public
value and interest, whatever racial,
political and religious issues may be
involved, so long as national security
Is not endangered" Less cautiously
qualified, however, lis the opinion of
Evening star., 1944-11-22

man defense bastion. The elimination
OF the German forces in this area would
probably open the way for q French
drive up the west bank of the Rhine
and might result in the capture or de-
struction of great part of the German
18th Army.
The most interesting point about this
very fine French enveloping thrust
from the long-range point Of view is the
Swiss report (said to be based on eye
witness accounts) that the French, hay
ing reached the Rhine on 10-mile front
north of the Swiss frontier, are trying to
bridge the river at Kembs. If this is
true, and it is also reported from Paris,
then we must certainly presume that the
French intend to cross the river in force
since there would be little hope in send
ing small force over to the other bank.
This in turn suggests that the French
1st Army Is either much stronger than
had been supposed or is backed up by
considerable Allied forces belonging to
other armies. The Rhine Valley offers
broad, open avenue right into the
heart of Western Germany-to Mann
helm, Mayence and Frankfort-am-M Main
but it will take strong army to drive
along this road in twin advance on
both sides Of the river. To move up the
west bank alone will be useful accom-
plishment as far as smashing the rem
nants of the 19th German Army west of
the Rhine is concerned, but short
distance north Of Strasbourg such an
advance would run into the major de-
fensesaof the original Siegfried Line.
The double advance on both banks
would, however, tend with its eastern
column to outflank the Siegfried Line,
since the Germans always considered
the defense of this front to be based on
preventing any crossing of the Rhine
between Strasbourg and the Swiss
frontier.
The report that the French are at
tempting to bridge the Rhine at Kembs
suggests very strongly, therefore, that
Gen. de Lattre de Tassigny is trying to
smash through the river barrier in q
dashing surprise advance which might
turn the whole German left flank by
tearing it away from the Swiss frontier
and depriving it Of the frontal protection
Of the river.
tcopyrisht 1s44.y
Evening star., 1944-11-22
This Changing World
By Constantine Brown

There is q good deal of speculation in
ofncial quarters here regarding the
drastic changes in the Chinese cabinet.
In some diplomatic and political circles,
Generalissimo Chang Kai-shek's deci-
sion to unload some Of the men who
have been his intimate advisers for
many years is considered q good omen
and a good beginning for thorough
change in China's policies which may
lead to closer cooperation with the
Chinese Communists and indirectly with
Moscow.
But in military quarters. there is less
enthusiasm over the Chungking changes.
Americas military men look at China's
troubles realistically and say the prob
lens are less political than military. So
long as the supply line to Chiang's
forces has to be maintained exclusively
by air transport only Insignificant guam
titles of war materials can get through.
And without artillery, tanks, ammuni-
tion and other important war parapher-
MALTA Chiangs situation is bound to re-
main precarious regardless OF who is
what in his cabinet.
Even if complete agreement with the
SoAAiihuAisLs WclC Go pc TcdC0eQ-dnQ q
sincere understanding seems unlikely
when We consider Chiang's and the
kuomintangs background - the COM
bined armies could not fight the enemy
effectively as long as they lack war tools.
1t is true that some of Chinas best
divisions are keeping guard on the bor-
ders between the Chang and Com
munist territories. But these forces
would melt away eventually against
strong Japanese pressure. The only real
way to use China's immense war power
is to discover way to furnish her
armies with war supplies as large and
efficient as the supplies of the japanese.
The generalissiuo made this clear to
President Roosevelt and Prime Minister
Churchill when they met last November
in Cairo. China's supply predicament
was realized even earlier. The two
American and British leaders and their
military advisers decided to form the
East Asia Command during their Quebec
meeting in August, 1943, and appointed
Admiral Lord Louis Mountbatten as
supreme commander. This was done
because they realized that unless Burma
was reconquered the Chinese would be
military burden rather than an asset.
Evening star., 1944-11-22

Chang is said to have been dis
gruntled because the head of the Ameri-
can and British governments failed to
persuade Premier Stain to take hand
in the generalissino's dispute with the
Communists. It is true that had Stain
SO desired, the Communists would have
come to terms with the Chungking gov
ernment many months ago. This would
have eased the situation to an extent,
and might have had some beneficial
effect on Chinas ability to resist the
japanese drive at that time.
But now an understanding between
the two factions is not likely to change
the military situation materially. Russia
still has its hands full in Europe, where
she has concentrated the bulk OF her
great armies. She is not able to send
more than token support to her proteges
in China for two reasons: she still has
to rely on lease-lend for her war against
the Germans, and she Is not producing
enough to spare for any of her allies
in the east. The lines of communica-
ton between Siberia or Outer Mongolia
and China are very poor and even if
Russia had supplies to spare, she could
send only limited quantity to the
Chinese
The Japanese operations of the last
three months have practically cut
China in two. A Japanese drive against
Chungking is considered strong pos
sibility. Regardless of whether Chang
henceforth has the finest available men
in his cabinet, or whether he succeeds
in stamping out all corruption and
venality in his territories, he can do
little to oppose the Japs with the
scanty supplies at his disposal
According to American military OBJ
servers, Chinas problem has ceased to
be political. 1t is just matter of
whether the Allies can let him have
the tens Of thousands OF tons of am
munition and arms to enable his
starved armies to continue to fight. If
by some miracle-and the American
supply services have performed many
in this war-We are able to supply the
generallssimo with war material, he will
be able to stem the japanese advance
and the changes he has made in his
government will be Of some assistance
in the future. But If this miracle can
not be achieved we may witness a
collapse of the Chungking administra-
ton
Evening star., 1944-11-22
On the Record
BY Dorothy THOMPSON

The suggestion that Vienna be made
the future seat of the League of Nations
Is very good idea. 1t ought merely
to be expanded, and the whole of Aus
Jrla made into sort of world Dis
trict OF Columbia. For this might really
solve the Austrian question, for which
no other constructive solution has, as
yet, been found.
Vienna was for centuries the capital
of the Germanic world, the seat of
dynasty besides which the Hohenzollerns
were mere parvenus, and the center of
the Holy Roman Empire that, before
the rise of modern nationalism, en-
braced most of Europe. In fact, Hit
lers claim to the hegemony of Europe,
insofar as he claims for it an his
torical basis, goes back to Vienna, never
TO Berlin. The claim is preposterous,
for it Is prenationalism and, of course.
predemocracy.
But Austria Is one of the few states
of the world that never since the last
war has wanted independence"
The breakup of the old Austro-H Hun
garian Empire left its Austrian core a
preposterous thing-a state in which
nearly third of the population resided
in one city, and that city great me-
tropolis designed as an imperial capital
for domain that once had reached
to the Adriatic, embracing large parts
of what afterward became Poland.
Czechoslovakia, Greater Romania and
Yugoslavia.
The first reaction to this condition
was the practically unanimous demand
OF the whole population to join Ger
many, since Austria, hnguistically, was
German.
Another solution would have been to
make Austria part of great federation
OF the Danube, but this was opposed for
is years at least after the last war by
the succession states, which wanted to
get rid of Austria, and say that in such
federation Vienna would again, by
reason of thousand factors become the
capital.
its undoubted German language It's
history was never a German national
ist" history. Vienna was always a cos
mopolitan capital, since it was the focal
point of many nationalities, Polish,
Magyar, Western Slav, Southern Slav
and italian. It's culture is vastly differ
erent from the German, and especially
the Prussian. It's people are greatly
mixed in race. All nationalities felt at
home in Vienna, and it was the world
center of the most universal of cultural
]anguages-music. 1t attracted from
Germany the greatest musicians, who
Evening star., 1944-11-22
Europe's Reconstruction

From the Dallas Morning News
American farmers have strong inter-
est in recent reports that the relief of
liberated Europe may not require as
much food from this country as was
estimated earlier. While large food
shipments will be needed in the wake
of the conquering armies, the principal
aim will be to provide seed, fertilizer and
machinery to enable Europeans to grow
their own food. Farm machinery built
especially for Eupropean use is now
stored in Mediterranean ports, ready for
delivery - soon Is conditions allow.
Evening star., 1944-11-22

breathed there freer air-Beethoven.
who came from the Rhinelands, and
Brahms, North German, for instance
In the years between the two wars, I
always thought that one thing that
doomed the League of Nations was its
location in Geneva. The room was too
narrow. Geneva meant boredom, and
provincialism
But Vienna, with its princeIy palaces.
its great Versailles at Schoenbrunn, it's
superb opera, its great university, its
beautiful barooue architecture, its won
derful Stefansdom, its pleasant cafes, it's
heavenly spring when the whole city is
wreathed in lilac, and, above ALL its
expansive hospitality to all races and
nations, is anything but boring city.
And the whole little country is DOOR
in everything except beauty and tradi-
ton. Those it has in every stone. The
gentle Danubian country, the superb
Northern Tirol, the delightful Salzkam-
mergut, together with rk,s simple, we'll
conducted inns to be found everywhere,
have always made it tourists paradise.
Salzburg is both a museum of barooue
art and-previous to Hitler-had be-
come the worlds musical center, through
the efforts of musicians of every land.
Why could not this little state and its
beautiful capital become, as a whole.
the ward of the world, and the center
OF the new world organization for peace?
Certainly the center of the great conti-
nent is shifting eastward Southeastern
Europe holds great promise for the fu-
ture, as Its peasants become trained in
modern agriculture, its resources devel-
oped and education extended. Vienna is
truly on the crossroads between West
and East.
And for an aggressive Germany, Aus
trla Is absolutely essential. Without it
Germany could not wage an aggressive
war. And yet it Is extremely difficult to
justify on national grounds a perma-
nent separation. Hitler was able to
enforce union with the consent of most
OF the world, because it was hard to find
reasonable argument in principle
against it. Therefore, from long view,
it is necessary to neutralize Austria not
in a negative but in q positive and
creative way.
And from what better vantage point
could an eye be kept upon the Ger
mans, than from this country inside the
Germanic world in one sense and yet
never of it?
The only question is: Would the Aus
trians find it accepta BILE?
And know the answer to that. The
answer is: And how!
released by the Bell Syndicate, Inc)
Evening star., 1944-11-22

J 41AS4SnUAl1E 1Il0 DCllCl lIloG GAlC
Germans will fight to the bitter end
west of the Rhine. General Eisen-
hover has shed considerable light
on the rising demand for more and
more supplies on the western front.
The Allied commander told war
correspondents that there is no sign
of German retreat across the
Rhine. and expressed his belief that
the enemy. having committed so
much of his forces west of the river,
would have to fight to the finish on
that battlefield, since our air forces,
by destroying the Rhine bridges,
could seriously interfere with any
German withdrawal which might
develop.
Presumably acting on this as
sumption, General Eisenhower said,
that his plan for present and future
operations is to keep pressure on
the Germans and TO increase it
steadily all along the front. To do
this, however, he must be assured
of abundant and continuing sup
plies. Il want more supplies than
we are getting" he said, "and 1
think the soldier wants more than
he is getting, both now and in the
future" The inference from this is
that the flow of supplies has not
been adequate, and, as matter of
fact, it has already been announced
that the reduction of Aachen was
delayed because of a shortage of
heavy ammunition
General Eisenhower made it clear
that he was not "criticizing' the ef-
forts of the home fronts in Allied
countries up to now, but simply
stating that still more supplies would
be needed as greater numbers of
soldiers are committed to battle. On
the other hand, Chairman Krug of
the War Production Board has said
that 40 per cent of the Nations war
production is tagging and that the
most important arms programs must
be brought up to schedule if Ger
many is to be defeated in the short
est possible time. AS he explains it,
40 per cent of the present difficulty
in meeting essential goals is due to
sudden increase in military de-
mands, 26 per cent to design changes,
IL per cent to lack of plant ia
cilities and % per cent to labor
shortage. Regarding the last factor,
Chairman McNutt of the Manpower
Commission asserts that the prob
lem is not so much one of overall
supply as of recruiting enough work
ers for "Super-criticaP' jobs
But whatever the fact as to this,
wherever the responsibility rests, the
really significant thing is that our
troops are not getting all of the
supplies that they need. They have
brought the Germans to bay along
a 350-mile front west of the Rhine.
General Eisenhower proposes to de-
stroy the enemy there if it is hu-
manly possible to do So But he
will be delayed, and he may even
fail in this effort, if the supplies
that he needs are not forthcoming.
The job of those of us who remain
at home is not to worry about fix
ing responsibility for past short
comings, but to see to it that there
is no production failure in the fu-
ture. The essential tasks must be
done, for any one who quits them,
as President Roosevelt warns, is
literally costing American lives west
of the Rhine and elsewhere on the
worlds battle fronts.
Evening star., 1944-11-22
This and That
By Charles E. TracepeH.

Mrs. Templeton Jones was entertain
ing her bridge club.
Even with a war bridge must go on
Templeton Jones preferred chess, but
not his better half She said she did
not see how any one could be interested
In such slow game as chess.
Templeton Jones pointed out that
some of the worlds master minds had
played the royal game, whereupon Mrs.
Jones said that one had to be pretty
bright TO play bridge, too.
Why, she went on, even the BOYS
played it at the front!
The centerpiece Of the "eats" was TO
be big cake.
Mrs. Jones prided herself on her cakes.
Her masterpiece was chocolate cake
with mocha frosting.
Here again there was slight differ
ence of opinion. Mr.. Jones Said he did
not see why any one would want to
spoil good chocolate cake by putting
any other frosting on it except chocolate.
There was nothing to beat an all
chocolate cake, according to him. Why
put mocha on it?
What was mocha, anyhow?
Mrs. Jones smiled a superior smile.
Men never did know much about such
things.
1t took her no time at all to who up
beautiful cake.
1t came out of the oven as fine as any
cake any one ever saw, rich and good
looking, with most delicious smell
She put on the mocha icing and stood
back to look at it.
Certainly 1t was a cake fit for a king
and the baker took no little honest pride
in it.
Mrs. Emory, who lives around the
corner and who Is her assistant in sery-
ing at most of these parties, agreed that
1t was as nice cake as she had ever
seen.
All during the game Mrs. Jones had
pleasurable anticipation of seeing the
looks on those ladies' faces as they got
their first glimpse of the big Offering.
What a cake!
x X
During the game everything in the
world almost was discussed. How the
war was going and what their BOYS were
doing and what they themselves were
doing in their small way to help the
war effort.
And children were discussed, snd pol
1tics and new dresses, and when and
what color a house should be painted,
and the latest in styles, both of clothes
and hair-doS and how the bond rallies
were going and when there would be
some more washing machines on the
market, if ever.
Epidemics, rocket bombs and impetigo
came in for their full share of discus
sion, along with the latest books and
the odd system now set up in recorded
music, whereby every purchaser of a
disk paid a penny into the treasury of
a man named James Caesar Petrillo,
and the musicians who made the records
didn't get any of it and had nothing to
say about it. Think of that, my dear!
X
One of the ladies got off on centipedes.
MY house is positively overrun by
the things" she shivered.
Mrs. Jones smiled superior smile.
"We have only few Of them,' she said.
"They say that where there are thou
sand-leggers there will be no other in
sects."
Then she went out to get the big cake.
Mrs. Emory called her over in
hushed voice and pointed.
There on the cake was one Of the
largest centipedes Mrs. Templeton Jones
had ever seen.
She screamed and struck the cffend-
Ing thousand-legger to the floor.
Shall we serve it," asked Mrs. Emory,
ar1xiously. "They won't ever krow."
II don't know what to do," said Mrs.
Jones.
What would you have ,lonef
Evening star., 1944-11-22
Empire Effort
Bv David Laurence
From the London Daily Telegraph and

Morning Post.
Despite smaller population and a
longer war. there are today practically
as many British as American troops
on the European battlefronts. In the
Far East, apart from the Australians
and New Zealanders in New Guinea,
there are between 250,0O0 and 800 900
British, Indian and African troops in
Burma who, in the six months up to
July, have smashed 10 Japanese divi-
sions and killed between $4,000 and co.
600 OF the enemy in by far the largest
scale land fighting in this theater of
war. They have saved India. They
have saved the marvellous American air
supply route to China.
Evening star., 1944-11-22
Nazi Right and Left
BY Maj. George Fieldine Eliot

The Germans are paying the price for
boarding their reserves in the north by
a defeat in the south, the full corse-
quences of which it is as yet difflcult
to assess.
To review the event leading up to this
present situation it may be recalled that
on November 8 this column pointed out
that the German high command, due to
its shortage of mobile reserves, might
have to choose between defeat in the
north (Which might be Immediately de-
cisive) and retreat to the Rhine and
the Siegfried Line in the south.
On November II it was becoming clear
that the ultimate purpose of the Allied
operations in the south was probably to
outfank and force the abandonment Of
the German positions in the Vosges
Mountains.
On November Is this column observed
that there was no indication that the
Germans were sending reserves to the
south and that in consequence the Ger
mans would probably have to pay the
price OF an Allied penetration of the
Upper Rhine Valley and general de-
terioration of their position on their left
flank.
BY November 20 it was possible to sug-
gest that the withdrawal Of the German
18th Army from the passes OF the Vosges
might already be in progress.
That army we now see faced with the
possibility of double development. 1t
is being heavily attacked in front, on Its
northern flank the American 7th Army
is reported fighting in the streets of
Sarrebourg and its southern flank 'ap-
pears to have been completely turned
by the penetration of the 1st French
Army to the Rhine and to the outskirts
Of Mulhouse.
4 4
The decisive battle area seems to be
east and northeast Of Belfort, where the
German troops withdrawing from Bel
fort are reported by front dispatches as
fighting desperately along the line Of
the Rhine-Rhone Canal to prevent the
French, sweeping up from the south,
from cutting them OF from the Rhine.
The main front of this battle seems to
be in the area Altkirch- ch-Dannemarie.
The French have also launched sur
prise attack from the northwest from
the direction OF lie Thillot, long Ger