davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Nome nugget., 1944-01-10

The task that the corps of en- eineers was called upon 10 per form in Alaska was q large one and because of the time element the task had 10 be done around the clock. I; meant work when work wasn't possible. Engines~ reports say tersely "a number O large bases were completed under aaveree conditions in the shortest possible time"
 Though they are easier now. the construction jobs Of the engi- neers in the north are no. yet over and this ot-yet-Written construc- ton story is not yet ended. The Seattle Engineer District has not been charged with Alaska con- srruction responsibility since May 1922. when the Alaska Defense Command took over. in order to direct the jobs from the scene of action. Under It Gen. Simon Bolivar Buckner. Jr.. command ing general, Alaska Defense Com mand, and his engineer staff of ficer. Col. George J. Mold, and Col. Nold's construction chief. Col. Charles F. Baish. the engi- reer construction story is going ahead. The Seattle District un- der Col. Richard Park continues
The Nome nugget., 1944-01-10

come the tremendous difficulties of weather. shortages of person. nel and equipment, and delays in shipping on the Yakutat assign ment"
 There was the Alaska Railroad cutoff, an engineer job to bring the coast shipping closer to the re- steep grades and snoW-bound passes of winter railroading. The engineers set up their transits on a glacier with only the fading trail of Mike Sullivan's 1896 mule freight line over the mountain to follow. Now the civilian contrac- tor. engineer troops, and civilian workers point with pride to an Army-Navv 'E' for this job that blasted through the mountair7s he- Fairbanks in the heart of Alaska, meath glaciers and snow beds.
 There was the winter job near where 50 and TO degree below zero winters weren't easy Bull dover blades shattered like glass and truck springs were snapping after Is hours in that weather and no lubricating oil on the mar ket would perform along with the thermometer. It took steam drilling to melt the permanently frozen earth before the engineers ! could get the cats to working on it
 There was, of course. Umnak where construction equipment was shipped for months under the red herring name of "Blair Packing Co.,, and where the engineers slept with mud for pillow and lived in packing crates until they could get the airfield in use When the engineer officer and civilian party went in, late in l941. the wind was sometimes too high for work and with no more advance bases ahead, Umnak was pretty close to Japan, but morale. was high. Morale was high all through the muddy construction history of Umnak, where the first Steel mat runWayS Tn the Aleu- tians were put down in time to help with the defense of Dutch Harbor. Alaska still talks of Umnak's land-baSed planes. frightening to the Jap invasion fleet bound for the Dutch Harbor Naval Staton.
 There was the Andreanof Ar mada. a motley collection of craft laden with engineer construction equipment and supplies. moving father out into the Aleutians. There were island surveys under Jap eyes and fire and there was the procession of new engineer built airfields clogged out of more AlA,,tian mud.
The Nome nugget., 1944-01-10
PAGE FIVE

7.ecs ring personnel. perform zsr desipn. supplying equipment and materials.
 The civilians are still in part nership in Alas a win the Corps of Engineers and more civilians gre going north all the time, re- er1Ited from every part of the states for that part of America that is not yet state. If there Is any American who has not yet found his or her war job, perhaps t is waiting in Alaska, at some army engineer office or project.
 General Buckner, only recently. paid a significant tribute to the engineers civilian helpers on the Alaska story, when he said "The work of civilians employed by the army engineers in Alaska has been admirable and valuable contribution to the war effort. Civilian engineers, civilian cleri- cal workers and civilian construc- ton workers are doing their part in the job of moulding Alaska to perform special Alaska ser into a huge base from which of fensive blows will be struck at Tokyo itself.
The Nome nugget., 1944-01-10
Engineers, La11ded In
 erritory

HEADQUARTERS, ALASKA DEFENSE COMMAND:
 This is a story that cannot even yet be written, the story of the Army Engineer fertilization of Alaska. where the outposts of de- fense grew into theater of oper- ations offenses.
 This would be the story behind all stories with Alaska datelines telling of the attacks on Attn and Kiska and the bombing of the Kuriles. for this would be the story of the construction of the arc of American bases that rise from Seattle to Attu.
 By the complete story of the na- mes and locations of the Alaskan installations can be given out gen. orally for public and ope-time en- emy alike. the Engineers will dou- btless have built new volume of construction history From now, as roads and warehouses replace Jap battle stations on Kiska, back to the fall of 1940 when the run ways of Annette Island began the base-by-base stretch of American forces toward Tokyo, the Eng ineers have been making history in Alaska They have raised his torical military centers and they have pioneered construction oper- ations Every bomber that rises against Japan takes off from an Engineer runway. every sol- dier needing medical attention go- es to an Engineer-built hospital, every Army man stationed in Alas ka is barracked at an Engineer built post.
 The outline of the Engineers Alaska story would cover thawing the perpetual snows and deeply frozen ground to get footings for the defenses. facing the eternal rains working in the 90 to 120 mile-an-hour "WilliWaws". blast ing away stone mountains and shore-lines. surveying uncharted islands and sending troops to com bat when necessary.
 MOtto OI t1e 1oo-yedT-OlN Eng ineer Corps is 'Essayons Let us try!" and Engineer tradition ie to pay no mind to any obstacle The Alaskan result is more than a $500. 0.000.U60 program of pioneer air bases and installations. despite the griefs of weather, terrain. transportation. and supply.
 The Engineer job in Alaska took several armies. still on the job: the army of Engineer officers and technical troop units the army of civilian engineers. the army of civilian clerical workers. and the army of thousands Of skilled civ i1ian construction workers. This four-way partnership has worked side by side. with high morale. at cities and isolated localities as well. From the Army Engineer installations al Ketchikan out to Attu, the civilian Engineer army of workers is on the job on this building mission.
 If the engineer story in the north
The Nome nugget., 1944-01-10

is tremendous, Alaska is big and unbelievable land. The most popular post card in the Terri tory reveals that map of Alaska superimposed on a map of the states is as large as one-fifth of the U. s. A., with the last of the Aleutians over California, south east Alaska ending in Georgia and Point Barrow over Duluth. This is pioneer story, with the engineer units coming in ahead to an undeveloped, often uninhabit- ed land, to hack out the timber, haul away the muck, thaw out the moraine to make way for the rest. Ii was well indeed that the enemy thought of American bases as late as June, l942, as being only something at Dutch Harbor. Sitka, and perhaps something near Juneau. Ii was then "sec- ret base" of Umnak that is cred ited with saving Alaska and per haps the Pacific Northwest, as the land based planes from that is land turned back the Japanese in vasion fleet.
 The beginning of this story, briefly, is August, 1940, when the Seattle District of the U. s. Army Engineers began a swift move from peacetime operations into national defense by initiating the building of two air bases, Annette Island and Yakutat. Into the Ton gass National Forest of noun | tained, marshy Southeast Alaska, through muskeg formation of matted vegetation, roots, and moss three to 20 feet deep, the engi- neers carved down and laid out Annette Island. There is more to any air base than merely run way, from troop housing and a chapel to electrical and plumbing systems and from payrolls of civ ilian construction workers to shipping up the supplies. So skill fully was Annette done that the Air Corps recommended to the TUor Denar-roent that the enei- neere he eo+r,,eted with all air fo~oe consumption.
 Then there was Yakutat, no simple, runway job, either. With 120 10 160 inches of annual rain,
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-10-22

No rleufs rfrrtrp
The union times., 1944-12-23
Conn, Building Trades Meet With Wage Board Post-War Building Program Of $6OOOO,O 900 Planned By
 State-Unions Must File Wage Scales
 With GEL And Council

Nick Simeone, Hartford Hod Car riers.
 Representatives of the ComptroI- lers Office, the State Highway De partment, and of the Bureau of Labor Statistics, were present, and spoke.
The union times., 1944-12-23
TOmFiitzsii1nmons
 NamedP President OfMusiciians,234
Winnick Retires After Eight Years; Russell Spang Is
 Vice-President

After serving for eight years, Alexander Winnick has retired as president of Local 234, New Haven Federation of Musicians.
 At the annual elections, held Sunday, Atty. Thomas R. Fitz- Simmons was elected to succeed Winnick.
 Russell s. Spang was elected as vice-president; and Harry Benson was named to his fourth term as recording secretary. James V. Er- rico was elected financial secretary, succeeding the late Ernest Fasano, who died in October. AdoIph c. Schirmer was named treasurer, and Daniel Ceremia, sergeant-at-arms.
 The executive board will consist oi Anthony R. Teta, John H. Schnelle, Roy J. Ward, Sr., John F. Cipriano, and Meyer Sokoloff. Delegates to the American Federation of Musicians convention will be Teta, A. Winnick, and Harry Berman.
 The Trial Board is made up of Frank D'Amato, Frank Melarose, Albert L. Barone, Edward DeNardo and Ozzie Grannis.
 Reports received at the meeting showed that Local 234 gave splen- did help to the Sixth War Loan.
The union times., 1944-12-23
First Union Man In Congress Was Member ofTypo
Eli Moore, Elected In 1884, Also Edited National
 Trades Union''

' A reader, who has had the good sense, plus the perseverance, to keep a scrapbook for many years, sends us a most interesting clipping about Ely Moore, supposed to be the first mem Der of labor union to be elected to Congress says the current issue of Labor"
 Moore was born in Belvidere, N. J., on July 4, 1798. That was the twenty second anniversary of the adoption of the Declaration of Independence, and tens of thousands of men who had participated in the Revolution were still active in every walk of life.
 Moore studied medicine, but for some reason, decided to learn how to set type. He joined the union of printers which preceded the Typographical Union and edited the National Trades Union," then the organ of the union men of New York City-and there. weren't many of them.
 He was elected to Congress in 1884 and the reactionaries of that day were so shocked that some of them thought the end of the world was at hand.
 After serving two terms, Moore entered the daily newspaper field and became an influential figure in na- tiona1 affairs.
 He was offered the post of minister to England and governor of the ter ritOry of Kansas. but declined both Eventually he went West as agen4 for the Miami and other Indian tribes in Kansas, and there he died in Le- compton early in 1861, just before the devastating Civil war was launched.
 Many trade unionists have fol lowed in Moore's footsteps, and virtually all have made most credit able records in both House and Senate.
The union times., 1944-12-23

power may be remedied before it is too late and a satisfactory wage level may be determined before we enter the reconversion period after VIE day, the day of victory in Europe.
 Corporation profits in 1914 are running above last years a1l-time record. Business failures havr reached an all-time record low point
 Business earnings and the in- creased productivity of workers make it possible for thousands of firms to raise wages without in- creasing prices.
 "A return to collective bargaining is the only way that wages in each plant can be raised according to the employers ability to pay. . It is useless and destructive to put off the necessary wage adjustment until VIE day with its layoffs and confusion. Wages should be adjusted at once so employees can plan with certainty as to their wage scales"
The union times., 1944-12-23
Building Trades Income Refutes| High Wage Claim
Taxes And Higher Living Costs Leave Families Less To Live On; Immediate Pay Increase For All
 Workers Held Imperative

Newspapers have been filled with wages have run hog-wild during the war and that workers have profted exorbitantly out of the conflict.
 That charge was demolished this week by ''Labor's Monthly Survey," research publication of the Ameri- can Federation of Labor. It car ried a report, based on official De- partment of Labor figures, which showed that workers net earnings have gone steadily downward in the past three years, while profits of business have continued to soar.
 The study dealt primarily with the income of skilled building trades workmen, who are supposed to be the highest-paid craftsmen in the nation, but the findings apply even more emphatically to other workers.
 Back in June, 1941, the survey dis closed, building trades employees earned an average of $59.36 for a 40- hour week. A single man at that time paid taxes averaging $4.A a week. so he had a net income to live on of $54.92. A married man with two children paid taxes of only $l.80, so he had net of $57.56.
 By June, 1914, earnings of these craftsmen for a 4O-hour week had risen nominaIly to $63.6O. But taxes by that time had mounted to $lO.96 for single man. Further more, the increased cost of living even on the basis of only 30 per cent as reported recently by Presi- dent Roosevelt's Cost of Living Committee = took out another $9.7O, leaving a net of only $42.94. For a 4O-hour week, that meant a pay cut of over 29 per cent.
 A married worker with two chill dred suffered almost as much. Taxes took $6.16 out of his income and higher living costs $10.59, leaving him with $46.85 to live on. Thus his wage slash amounted to about B per cent.
 The A. F. of L. survey justified the use of the 4O-hOur week as a yardstick because the work-week after the war will be no higher, and may be less, when and if the employees have jobs. Prices will still be sky-high, thus forcing the workers down to reduced stand ard of living unless pay rates are boosted.
 True, the workers have toiled longer hours during the war and earned more than the gross figures shown above, but that has been off set by war bond purchases and by the ing to organized labor's findings, have zoomed at least 435 per cent rather than the 30 per cent figure utilized in the above comparisons.
 These disclosures of how the ssreal'' wages of workers have plunged down make it imperative, the A. F. of l.. report contended. that the s'Little Steel'' formula be readjusted now, to permit pay increase at least up to the 30 per cent level. The formula now freezes wages at Is per cent above the I94l standard.
 "The Federation insists this ad- justment be made immediately" the report declared, 50 that the present serious shortage of workers buying
The union times., 1944-12-23
AFL Bushes Men To Fill Critical War Shortages
Dozen National Unions Rally To Help On Man
 power Situation

Continued from Page One) problems presented by the War De- partment by voluntary methods and saw no basis for renewed demands for enactment of national service legislation to meet the situation
 President Ray Kelsay, President of the Metal Polishers Union, for ex- ample, told MT. Hines he would be able to produce the men required in his trade within forty-eight hours.
 More difficulty was anticipated i, finding additional -7olders and foun- dry workers because wage scales in some of these plants where additional workers are needed are far below those prevailing for similar work in other war industries.
 When questioned about this sit uation, War Department officials said they were helpless to correct wage inequities in foundry shops because of rulings of the National War Labor Board.
The union times., 1944-12-23
cen GVes Business Pointers On broung Labor Relations
JointlyResponsible, Says AFL President

Elimination of class war. fare and industrial strife in the postwar period in order to increase production efici- ency and further national prosperity was urged by AFI President William Green at a luncheon meeting in New York arranged by the Ma tiOnal Association of Manu- lecturers.
 Confidence and mutual respect between employer and workers is the simple rule which should be followed in order to achieve this purpose" MT. Green said. The topic assigned to him was "What I Would Do If I Were An Employer"
 RESPONSIBILITY
 ''It is my opinion," he said, ssthat those who serve in a mana gerial capacity should develop a keen consciousness of responsibil- ity. Responsibility to employers, stockholders and to employees, to- gether with a fair and just profit for the owners of industry and the payment of the highest wage which the industry could afford, should be questions of primary impor- tance."
 Management can contribute to the preservation of the free enterprise system, MT. Green declared, by recog- nizing the rights of labor. Unfor- tunately, he reminded his audience, some industrial leaders i'll the past challenged and opposed labor's right to organize. It should now be recognized, he insisted, that the very success of industry depends on the full extension to labor of its right to organize and bargain collectively.
 He pointed to the production achievements scored by war indus tries where labor management committees function as an exam pie of the benefits which industry can obtain from cooperation with labor"
 T am of the opinion" MT. Green concluded, that America can never go back to a low-wage standard. The principle that labor should share fully in the. earnings of industry ought to be constantly recognized and applied. It has been shown clearly that i'll many instances high wages serve to increase production and. thereby re- duce production costs.
 'sWe now face a national neces- sity of maintaining a high national income in order to meet our war obligations and in order to sustain our high productive power with high purchasing power. The estab- Iishment of humane conditions of employment and the establishment of social security are sound eco homie measures which should be supported by industry and manage ment."
The union times., 1944-12-23
(Continued from Page One)

(Continued from Page One)
 Trades Council, included George SabO, Waterbury Electricians; Vim cent McCovern, New Haven Elec- tricians; James O'Kane, New Hav- en Iron Workers; George A. Joslyn, Meriden Sheet Metal Work CTS; Michael Barry, Hartford Car penters; Saul Kreas, New Haven Painters; Richard Crosscup, Hart ford Painters; Paul Willnauer, Hartford Steamfitters; Carmen Di- Corcia, Hartford Bricklayers; !; Frank Connors, Hartford Iron Workers; John A. Johnson, New Haven Carpenters: Peter Lago, New Haven HOd Carriers; and
The union times., 1944-12-23
The Reader Has the Floor

Editor, The Union Times:
 l have been directed by the Executive Board of this association on behalf of the American Fed eration of Musicians, to express hearty thanks for your very fine editorial following the public an- nOuncement of the successful out come of the recent recording con- trOversy.
 HARRY L. BENSON, Secretary,
 New Haven Federation of
 Musicians, Local No. 234
The union times., 1944-12-23
Demand New Trial For
 Indicted Seditionists

NEW YORK-Atty. Gen. Francis Riddle was asked to set an immediate new trial for the 2o indicted sedition- ists before they can succeed in their treasonous plans of bringing fascism to the U. S." in a wire from the National Committee to Combat Anti Semitism.
 Time and money spent on the first trial for the past eight months must not be wasted particularly in the light of "seditious activities" carried on by many of the defendants while the trial was still on, the wire said
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-04-24
Trade
Is Steady

Retail trade in the Detroit area
last week made little If any gam
over the preceding week in most
lines. with department stores an
exception, and The same was true
of sales volume as against the
second week following Easter a
year ago. according TO Dun &
Bradstreet. Inc.
Department store reports indi-
Gated a gain over last week ct }
TO s per cent and sales about equal
10 comparable period fe..erItf4fs,
Easter Of 1913. Principal activity
was in wOmenS and children'S APP
parel- especially of better grade.
An uptrend was observed in home
furnishings. pant, wallpaper, and
garden supplies.
Specially stores reported no
CAT gam er--tfe previous Week and
volume about on a level with the
postmaster period Of last year
Accessories were IN most active
demand.
Returns from mems clothing
and furnishings stores Indicated
no increases over the past week
and one large chain failed 10 at
tain the level of last week. As
against The second week after
Easter OF 1913 declines Of 3 to 5
per cent were experienced
Retail and wholesale collections
continued excellent.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-04-24
Ask Publicity
Be Improved
By LEWIS HaNEY

Professor Of Economics. \. \. UNIVERSITY
-Eeaas7-tie#esFstS depending on
informed public opinion, Is fighting
10 the death against autocracy
based on the Goebbels principle
that tho bigger the lie the easier
10 put II across. In the midst OF
whlrrIng publicity statements and
bunghng censorship we the people
should mark well the significance
of the term propaganda. We
should loathe IL as we do the
totaltarian system Of government.
Propaganda is publicity that IS
in some essential respect untrue.
Perhaps no form of publicity work
has greater possibilities for social
service than that of the public
relations expert. But can there
be anything worse than the public
relations work which is not guided
by the truth, the whole truth and
nothing but the truth?
Today most of our public prob
lens seem 10 he largely economic.
Many of them call for public
relations work, to the end that the
people may rapidly and effectively
adopt the right solution. But good
publicity publicity that is not
mere OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES the
truth. And where can one turn
for The ruth about economic
matters except TO the science of
economics?
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-04-24
Buick Adds Engines

BUICK IS apparently becoming
more and more air minded as
the war goes on Right now the
company is in the midst OF a
huge tooling up job TO make
two additional types of Pratt
x Whitney engines. One is for
the Llberaior, the other for The
ieHr-engir cd Douglas C-54
transport.
me new engines are twin
row Wasps and are much more
powerful than the current
types. Schedules thi year will
reach p per cent ahoVe-the
1913 output according TO Har-
low II Curtice, general man
ager Of Buick.
The company is now produc-
ing the engines for Ford built
Llberators and the CAT Douglas
cargo plane This production
viii be continued undated and
@StaHd-iFt-2 machinery VIII be
placed IN the plants 10 start on
ne TWO new engines without
losing time.