davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-04-27
Answer to Question No.

Scientists have been puz-
cling over this question for
many years. No one knows why
there are two sexes in the
higher forms of plants and ami
mails. A great many plants and
animals get along tip-top with
only one sex, although biologist
Herbert Jennings is just COM
pleting some epoch-making re-
searches which show that even
one-celled animals with but one
sex have all sorts Of social diff
ferenceS. Some will not hob-nob
with others on a bet / have
watched them through DR.. Jen-
ningS microscopes, and il is
truly comical the way some OF
them refuse TO neighbor or mate
with others. \\/
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-04-27
Answer to Question No. 2

Most researches indicate that
civilization makes people more
different from each Others than
does savagery Their environ
ment, the sayages', is so sim
pie that they grow up with
much more similar habit pat
terms, customs. costumes, atti-
tudes, education. interests and
desires than do civilized people.
About all savage can do is
become a hunter and warrior
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-04-27
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
DEAR Boss

EDITORS NOTE - This is
from one OF the 81 Who Uent
into seruics from, the Times edi-
toriaf department The -mriter;
Pct. Sherman Cross Who Wos IN
hoiy at the time Of writing
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-05-21

then and there to avoid any future
crises about ship delays.
Put the best minds in the kingdom
at work on this problem" the king
ordered.
most feasible method of determining
longitude at sea was by observing the
angular distance of the moon from a
star or planet. But John Flamsteed,
a young Cambridge graduate, pointed
out that the tables of the moons mo-
ton were inaccurate and the exact
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-05-21

ing factories, DeCdille
murkier and murkier
at Greenwich, and
the sun gradually hid
itself behind a thick
pail of fog.
Gradually, bit by
bit, realistic scien-
fists transferred i'm
portant functions of
the observatory to
less harried sections
of the kingdom. The
ma gnetic section
went to Surrey,
where there were no
electric railroads TO
S ct I h e nee d ] G S
spinning. Two out
stations were estab-
lished to m ANITA lin
and broadcast the
correct time. The re-
sponsibility of photo
graphing the sun
each day was par
TALLY delegated to
other institutions.
But the Royal OBJ
servatory was at
Greenwich: il had
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-05-21


k-y tradition. The historic old OBJ
servatory at Greenwich, known to
every school child because it Straddles
zero meridian and furnishes the time
by which all the clocks and watches
in the world are set, is soon going to
be moved.
But there's no reason to get alarmed.
Mean Greenwich Time won't be
changed in the slightest and we'll all
still be using ii as the basis of our
daily lives and habits.
Fog was no stranger to the British
Isles even 269 years ago, when Green
witch Observatory was founded, but ii
was something that the British de-
cided TO ignore. What if few blobs
of moisture did blot out the stars
occasionally? There were plenty Of
other nights, weren't there, when the
heavens could be seen clearly in all
their glory?
Over the centuries the fog, aided
and abetted by smoke from surround
r.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-05-21

was where II was going to stay.
The same brand of stubborn
ness was largely responsible for
the establishment of this first
great abode of sky-watchers.
In the spring of 1915, King
Charles ii of England was get
ting more indignant day by day.
A shipload of perfumes, silks
and spices from the Indies was
long overdue and his favorite
mistress, Nell Gwyn, was twit-
ting him about some gifts he had
promised her. 1t was taking
his mind off his work.
When the ship finally arrived,
the king summoned the captain
and demanded TO know the
cause of the delay.
The fault is not mine, Your
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-05-21

positions of the stars were not known
with any certainty.
Nonsense" said the king. The
moon moves, doesn't IL? The stars
are there. aren't they? Then make
tables which will guide my mariners"
He appointed Flamsteed "astronom-
ical observator" at salary OF $500
year and promised him instruments
and an assistant, neither of which
ever arrived. From the sale of "old
and decayed gunpowder," the king
set aside a sum not TO exceed $500
for the erection of an observatory on
the highest ground in the royal park
at Greenwich, which was then fash
ionable village in the country.
Sir Christopher Wren, who had de-
signed st. Pauls Cathedral and a
hundred other churches and buildings,
was entrusted with the plot and
design" of the new edifice, which was
built of brick taken from a dismantled
fort at Tilbury on the Thames.
1t still stands with its glass nose
high in the air, disdainful of the
minor damage that Na1 bombers
have been able to inflict.
The instruments which the kings
from his own meagre funds consisted
mainly of two clocks and couple @,
iron sextants, one of them with
six-foot radius. With these andO
few. crude additions, he catalogued
1900 stars and gave the science Of
navigation its first real impetus.
For 200 years the observatory added
to its fame and contributed far more
than its proportionate share 10 the
worlds comprehension Of the uni
verse and the secrets of outer space.
When, in 1884, representatives OF
all the nations met In Washington 10
adopt a prime or zero meridian, the
meridian that passes through Green
witch Observatory was chosen.
All longitudeS are measured east or
west of Greenwich. The time at
Greenwich is the time on every ship
chronometer in the world Compar-
ing the angles OF celestial bodies with
the angle at which they would appear
at Greenwich at any given moment
enables a mariner 10 compute his loca.
ton on the imaginary lines drawn
from pole to pole.
So there was Greenwich, immobile,
and there was the fog. And the
smoke. And the bright prewar street
lights. And the electric railways.
Each interfered with some function Of
the observatory.
Then the war came, and Workmen
carried away the 36-inch Yapp reflec.
tor, the 30inch Thompson reflector,
the 28-inch and 26-inch Grubb refrac.
tors, the Sims transit circles and the
Cookson zenith tele-
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-05-21

NOONs7OAA q y - ~ - ~
scope.
This spring the die
hards gave up. Sir Har-
old Spencer Jones, the
Astronomer Royal, an
nounced that the obser-
vatory would seek new
quarters after the war
not necessarily alkI
the zero meridian
at the most favorabfe
spot in England.
Greenwich Observatory
On the Right the
Original Buildings With
the Ball That Drops on
the Hour and Fixes
Our Time.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-05-21

Majesty" the captain
assured him fervently.
eff only someone could
find an accurate way
10 tell a ships location
at sea ="
Mistress Gwyn, who
was a sharp tongued
actress as well as the
mother of two of the
kings sons, had a way
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-05-21

of being quite unpleasant when some
thing annoyed her. Charles decided
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-05-21

been there since the British Lion was
just a pulling cub, and, by Jove, that
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-05-21
The Worlds Time Center
Is Grayed Out by Fog But
Tradition Worshipers Are
Opposed TO Removing 1t
to a Brighter Location
CUIstn StaNSt
LONDON.

LONDON.
ONDON'S famous-fog has finally
overpowered stubborn British
tradition Tho historic old oh
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-05-21

THE AMERICAN WEEKLY
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1944-02-02
VIM. OppeHheimer
Files For Council

Another filing for the city
council race is VIM. Open
heimer, proprietor of the Jackson
Beverage Store and well known
here in the state among Demo
cratic circles. This information
is given The Northwest Enter
prise by Mr. Oppenheimer him
self, who stated: Il filed for the
council and wish all my many
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1944-02-02

crimatory practice of permitting
operation of Jim Crow buses
near Pasco, Terry Pettus, New
World editor and win-the-war
candidate for the Seattle City
Council, has called for revelation
of the bus license by the depart
ment of public service.
This action by the Hanford
Engineering Co, which is owned
by the powerful E. /. dupont &c
Nemours Co., a leader in the
defeatist forces who are out to
block fulfillment of the Teheran
agreements. threatens the war
production program in our
state" Pettus said.
1t is high time for the gov
ernor to either fish or cut bait.
Either he is in agreement with
the policies of our Commander
in Chief for full participation or
the Negro people in the war ef
fort or he is not. His action in
giving tacit approval to this
shocking invasion of democratic
principles is an alarming indica-
ton that he favors not the war
policies of our government for
destruction of the Axis but the
policies of the dupont interests.
And, incidentally, Lammont du
Pont was recently indicted by the
government for conspiring with
the Nazi chemical trust to divide
the world into exclusive market
ing areas
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1944-02-02
Political Arena

OAAAAS0A AAA OAA0
and in many civic and political
activities.
She is the mother of three
children so that it was quite ma
tural for her to have shown in
tereste in education for all chill
dren in the legislature. AS a
member of the Committee on
Educational Institutions, Mrs.
Testu rendered splendid aid in
securing legislation that the
teachers and school authorities
needed.
OLYMPIC PUBLIC SCHOOL
jeanette Testu,
House of Representatives
Olympia, Washington.
March 5, 1913.
Dear Madam:
We wish to express the sincere
appreciation of the Olympia Ed
vocational Association and we are
sure of the great majority of the
Educational Associations in the
state, for speaking on the floor
in favor of the Amendment to
H. B. No. lat proposing the
change the $7OOO,OOO appropria-
ton to $11, 100000.
The amendment was lost, but
we feel that the teachers in the
state can now be ceretain who
are the REAL FRIENDS of
children and education in Wash
ington.
Most sincerely,
Donald B. Baker, Pres. O.E.A.
Rudolph M. Sanderson, O.E.A.
Louis Watkins, Leg. Com,
O.E.A.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1944-02-02

friends to know it." He also
made the statement Il intend to
make a vigorous campaign, be-
lieving that if a thing is worth
doing at all it is worth doing
we'll"
Mr.. Oppenheimer comes from
one of the old pioneer families
of the state, has been in the
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1944-02-02

past connected with the state as
an auditor and accountant. He
will be remembered by many OF
the Democrats as the first treas
urer of the Young Mems Demo-
cratic Club when that organiza
ton was founded some time ago.
His home is in the Madrona dis
trict at 615 18th Ave.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1944-02-02
Terry Pettus for Council
Opposes Jim Grow

Expressing complete agreement
with the demand of the National
Association for the Advancement
of Colored People that Governor
Arthur B. Langlie halt the dis
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-05-27
Public Health Notes
By CLEMENT SCOTT, ND, p.P.H.

The sulfa drug is not a new in
vention. The base OF It's formula
is a dye made famous by German
chemists before the las; World War
It's properties as a healing agent
OF certain types OF bacterial dis
eases was accidentally found and
the particular formula or the ac-
ton Of the drug received little or
no publicity at the time OF its dis
covery II was almost completely
overlooked by the profession for
several years and then, in the time
OF an urgcn; need. il was remem-
bered and there was wild scram-
ole through the archives 10 find
the formula. When il was found
serious experimental work was be-
gun ana soon afterwards universal
publicity was made. The publicity
Was so large al time when the
knowledge OF the drug was so small
that a number OF deaths occurred
from its use.
As in all drug discoveries the
experimentation includes not only
the finding ~ all the ways a drug
may act, It's indications and con-
tra-indIcationS. but also methods OF
cheap mass production. The new
types OF Sulfa drugs that enter the
market are expected TO be i'm
provements on ono or both OF the
ifDrcmentlOnei flctS--to cut down
the poisonous effects by purihca-
ton or e-arrangement Of the for
muli and to facilitate manufacture
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-05-27

Shortly after cloture defeated in the Sem
ate Monday week ago. Negro and white pickets
marched in front of the Senate Office building to
demonstrate that the fight to rid America of laws
which disfranchise millions of white and Negro
Americans will continue The collapse of the cloture
motion was predicted by all those familiar with the
Darkroom dealing of the Southern demagogues and
their Tory comrades from the North.
BY the threat of filibuster the Poll Tax crowd
led many Of those who favor the anti-pol tax bill
to agree to let the fight hinge on vote to invoke
cloture. When the cloture vote failed, the bill was
sheved as per agreement. Why the Northern Re-
publicans would be party to this deal is question
which that party will have to answer soon. An at
tempt to answer it was made four days after the
Senate fiasco when 39 Republicans introduced pro-
posal to outlaw the poll tax by Constitutional
Amendment.
Negroes have learned for years to expect the
worst from the Southern Democrats, but they cam
not understand the Republicans who squawk so
loudly but do nothing to rid the country of these
Dixie mountebanks. The voteess millions of the
South will not be forgetting and those solons who
make great speeches but do nothing when an oppor-
tunty for reform presents itself will not be for
gotten on election day. These are serious times for
democracy, abroad and at home, and those who de-
feat its ends must be taken to task for their failure
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-05-27

by improving OF production meth
DDS or finding means OF synthetic
production.
However the drug still Is not
foo,.proof Despite the great value
Of the sulfas, the wide publicity has
produced handicaps in public
health. The potential danger OF the
drug has caused law 10 be passed
preventing the sale OF il except by
a physicians prescription. YET (
is bootlegged by druggists 10 ig-
norant and trusting people Il is
bought by persons who have no
idea O. Is uses but think OF j: as
a cure for everything. thus expos
Ing themselves needleSsly 20 the
dan ger OF sclf-pre Scri5lng. It's much
advertised use IN the treatment 81
sonorrhea has caused many ~ min
imize the fear Of the disease. thus
reducing care 10 prevent infection.
Besides il Is suspected that the
needless over-uSe OF the drug is
developing \ sulta-resistant strain
" gonorrhea. for the percentage
of cures with the use Of the drug
is growing smaller. Nevertheless
the use II the Sulfa drug is still
expanding and It's value is unques-
tlonable.
Blu, il Is emphatic that It's pre-
scribing must be done by those who
not only know It's uses and can rec
ogn.zc It's bad effects, but who also
can offer protection IL the worst
threatens.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-05-27
STRANGE FRUIT"

No greater indictment of the Southern way OF
life of its blind prejudice and its whlte-supremacy
theology can be found in our contemporary htera-
ture than is presented in the novel Strange Fruit
written by white woman of aristocratic Southern
ancestry and high literary talent Some critics may
take exception to her literary treatment, but none
of them can deny that the book is in most essentials
true story of bghted people who are in desperate
need of reform.
The author, Miss Lillian Smith, dared to de-
scribe in some detail the old Southern practice OF
miscegenaton, the story of illicit love across the
color line By striking at the core Of the racial con-
troversy she embarrasses the white South and puts
the white-supremacists on the defensive In her
realistic portrayal she puts into the mouth of one
of her characters four-letter, Anglo-Saxon word
which is known wherever the English language Is
spoken.
Allegedy because of this four-etter word the
Detroit police department has sought to prevent the
sale of this book and to keep off the library shelves
Emulating the censors of puritanical Boston, our
police censor would have us believe that people will
pay S275 for this book solely to read this four
letter word and that this word will corrupt the city,
defile the minds of the citizenry and lead us all
to perdition.
We believe that this four-letter word would have
been overlooked if it were not for the fact that the
book tells the story of love between the races by
using the police departments standard 1t would be
necessary to ban almost every other novel published
in the last Is years. BY the same token the three
Detroit daies would have been forbidden to publish
the details of the recent trial of Charlie Chaplin.
The simple truth is that there are many whites who
do not want the world to know the ugly truths OF
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-05-27
We-o 1hs1
Meggo
eY WILLIAM L. SHE RRitl

that, he ever was able 70 kiss his
woman There was nothing
beautiful about hin
The term beauty is relative
term. What is beautiful TO me may
have little of beauty in il for you.
While the white man may for the
first time appear a creature lack
ing beauty. 10 the Chinese. the AZ
rlcan. or some other rdce--to- him
self he is beautIfui creature. And
this is as il should be Every
people shoJld zee, that they arc
made in the ima-e " God hence
are beautiful: for Who VIII dare
say that Cots work is ugly? My
quarrel is not with the White man
out with those Negroes who are
81 miSled in their thinking that
they feel that unless they are white
they are necessarily ugly There
is too much looking down" on
darking members OF our race-and
''poking" fun at them. for the health
OF the race. We have the false
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-05-27

idea that only the white folks are
pretty" and We 90 any length to
ape them. Well, the white folks
are pretty, so are the black folks.
the yellow folks, the brown folks
and all the folks. depending upon
your point OF view All MEM
oerS of the human race do not have
10 be the same nor look alike 10
be beautiful. The birds OF the air
are different in Color. song and
habits. yet all have a grace and
beauty all their own The flowers
OF the field are differert-each with
It's own distinctive color and per-
.ume, vet all are beautiful.
TIE Bible teaches that God made
man in His own image and Like
ness and through scientific de-
auctions We learn that the differ
cnceS in mans pigTentation and
hair are caused largely through the
influences OF climatic variations.
In other words God o. Nature Is
kind 10 man Those He placed in
the torrid regions ne gave back
SKINS and trizz.ed hac which -
a5leS them ~ withstand the heat
ThoseBhe placed III the cold cli-
mates he gave pa.e fermentation
and a head OF hcayy bushy hair
TO combat the frig!d weather. The
yellow and brown people have been
shaped by climate far The temperate
zones. Thus the differences in the
way races look no: an error on
Gods part but a par: OF His great
plan to benefit man. Be content
with being yourself.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-05-27

THE DOOR WAS suddenly
opened. and a tall male foreign
devil stood there, smiling all across
his face. knew he was man
because he wore clothes like my
husbands -. Bat he was much
taller than my husband-and 10 my
horror. his head. instead Of being
covered with human hair. black and
straight like that OF other people,
had on it a fuzzy red WOOL d..
His eyes were blue. and his nose
rose up like mountain from the
fri2htful creature TO behold more
hideous than The God OF the North
in the temple.
The foreigner smiled his enor-
nous smile and made .as il he
would take my hand also
looked at his outstretched hand. /,
was large and bony, with long red
hairs and black spots on il. My
flesh shrank. l placed my hands
in my sleeves and bowed. Beside
the window sat a person whom
discerned TO be female foreigner
At least she wore a long gown
instead OF troW ,rs and had a flat
string about t.e middle. Her hair
was not SO usly as her husband s;
FOR il was smooth and straight. al
though OF an unfortunate yellow
color She also had very
nigh nose and large short nails
looked at her feet and saw that
they were like ricc-flailS for size
! thought 10 myself, with parents
like these, what must the little
foreign devils look like
The above is a cultured Chinese
womans account of how white peO-
pie looked 10 her when she first
saw them . There vas nothing
about them which appeared beau
tiful.
A native African once told me
that the first tine lie saw white
man he thought HIM the most hor-
rible looking thing he had ever
seen. AS you know" said the
African. III matters not how black
a person may be IL the top skin
Is scratched off. for fraction Of a
second before he blood rises "a
the surface. the skin is lighter in
color We natives mad often
had the experience. while running
through the bush, of scratching
some portion of our bodies and
noticing that tae under skin was
white. for a momcnt-Wcll the frs,
time | saw a white man. he looked
to me like something thar had been
skinned The sight OF him
made my flesh creep. looked al
his nose and il appeared that il
stood out. inches from his face
! wondered how. with a nose like
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-05-27
~ BOOK NOTES *
GERTRUDE SCOTT MARTIN

church attendance. Jews rate igh
IN the tolerance scale as do those
who are members Of the more lib
eral political parties. Socialists, In
dependent and partisan, and
Communist groups are more lib
eral and tolerant than Republican
and Democratic party members.
The section on The STEREOTYPE
OF the American Negro" by Guy
Johnson suggests conclusions which
cannot be verified and which serve
no purpose except TO reinforce al
readymiStaken ideas on the Negro
After examining traits attributed
10 Negroes by Negro writer's and
from general literature Mr.. John
son states: g. il we can deduct
from the popular stereotypes the
moral judgments and the implica-
tons Of inferiority and the exagger-
atoms. We may have left a body
OF belief and opinion which affords
considerable insight into the traits
of the subordinate group" DR..
Klineberg in a footnote points out
that although plausible this point
has not been proved. Actually DR..
JohnsonS conclusion seems 10 lack
plausiblity especially since the
traits which he lists as Negro per-
sonality and culture traits are not
hereditary ones and therefore
would disappear under favorable
environmental conditions.
The section on Negro intelligence
by DR. Klineberg shows conclusive.
ly that mental differences between
Negroes and whites are a result oI
environmental differences. Myrda
in The American Dilemma" point:
out that there is no truth in the
generally held belief that Negroe:
are less careful in handling money
yet low intellectual interests anc
less care OF money are included or
DR.. Johnson's list Of traits more
nearly characteristic OF Negroe.
than whites" Other traits on hi.
list are probably typical of any
group on the lowest economic leve,
so il is misleading TO label then
rs racial traits. The inclusion oil
this material in scientific work
Of this sort will in my opinion only
add 10 the unScientifc beliefs abou,
! the Negro now current
The book on a whole contain.
a mass OF important material on the
Negro. There has been no attempt
at unity in the work except inso-
/ far as the material falls under
the general title Of Characteristic.
OF the American Negro" The man.
ner Of presentation falls short OF
he general excellence OF the other
books in the series. and partly for
this reason VIII not attract the
general reader greatly.