davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1944-02-25
washington lI:2$;
Compromise Forecast in
Debate on CCC Extension =
Labor to Use Organized Strength to Fight
Increased Prices; Administration Is
Counting on That Support.
BY BAUKHAGE
Ne1rs Analyst and Commentator,

last war, it rose steadily, 1928 per
cent. However, there is catch in
those figures. In the last war, the
farmers dollar rose only 10 cents
in purchasing power. Today, the
farmers income has risen u per
cent in terms of purchasing power.
Preliminary Report
Just what is ahead? On or before
February IT, debate will begin on
the bill extending the life of the Com
modify Credit corporation containing
an anti-subsidy provision.
Meanwhile, the farm bloc adher-
ents and supporters will probably
carry on pretty good publicity plan
for their side and some of the con-
sumner groups will be heard from.
Labor will shout the loudest and
most effectively. But that is simply
because it is large and a we'll
organized group. 1t is strange
thing, but America, which has Or
CARNATIONS of almost every kind and
description formed largely for in
creasing the income of its members,
has very few organizations formed
for the purpose of decreasing their
expense. Consumers, as such, are
not organized. There are, of course,
a few cooperatives but they are
hardly more than local affairs and,
comparatively speaking, small and
weak. This is due to the cheerful
American theory that if you haven't
got enough money to pay your ex-
penses, you ought to 60 out and get
some more money.
In any case, labor (although or
gained primarily to get more pay)
is going to use its organized strength
to fight higher prices and the ad-
ministration is at present counting
on enough support from the labor
lobby itself, the results of the pro-
subsidy publicity on the general pub
lie, to sustain presidential veto of
any measure banning subsidies.
There is no sign of enough votes to
prevent the passage of the bill, but
enough are expected to sustain the
veto. So that legislative process will
have to be gone through with unless
the farm bloc feels it has an accu-
rate measure of the administration
strength, as revealed by various test
votes, so that it can compromise
without going through the veto proc
ess. Either way, some kind Of
compromise will undoubtedly be
reached.
But the way is a weary one.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1944-02-25
OLD TOPIC:
White-Collar Wages

Popular as topic ever since the
days of Charles Dickens stringy
Bob Cratchit, low wages for white
collar workers now have come un-
der the consideration of a senate
labor committee.
Regardless of general salary in
creases of Is to 30 per cent for
clerical workers and statesmen since
l941, current earnings of many
groups of accommodating en-
ployees remain relatively low, A. F.
Hinrichs of the U. S. department of
labor said.
Although survey in small towns
showed store clerks have received
boosts of is and Is per cent and
bank tellers increases of to 10 per
cent since 194l, straight time earn
ings of many groups remain less
than so cents an hour, Hinrichs said.
This averages less than S24 for 49,
hour week, and earnings are even
lower in some other occupations,
HinrichS asserted.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1944-02-25
ITALY,:
Major Battle

For the first time in the Italian
campaign, major Allied and Ger
man armored forces met on level
ground to slug it out, as the great
battle for the Anzio beachhead be-
low Rome ragged.
To the southeast, bloody mountain
fighting continued, with the en-
trenched Nazis stubbornly resisting
advancing U. S. and French SOL
diers, crawling through fierce ma
chine-gun and mortar fire to root
enemy units out of deeply dug de-
lenses.
Determined to fight major battle
in Italy far below the Pc river val
ley in the north, the Nazis poured
thousands of troops in the Anzio
region, and action rose in tempo
after the enemy carefully probed
Allied lines for weak points.
Crowded into an area about 80
miles long and IL miles inland, AL
lied forces swung into the attacking
enemy at close quarters, while their
air forces roamed over German po-
sitions and communication lines,
blasting troop concentrations and
supply deliveries.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1944-02-25
SOUTHWEST PACIFIC:
Gain in Ne,U Guinea

Joining hands near Saidor after
more than month of fighting
through rugged jungle, Australian
and American forces prepared to
lunge northward toward remaining
Japanese positions on New Guinea's
eastern coast.
First Allied objective was the base
OF Madang, feeder point for the
Japs' inland positions, then Wewak,
oft-pounded air base from which the
enemy has sent up planes to harass
Aussie and U. S. forces operating
on New Guinea.
On New Britain island to the east
of New Guinea, U. S. air forces con-
tinued to smack at the major Jap
air and supply base of Rabaul, and
at the port of \Kavieng on New
Ireland to the northeast, also a GEN.
ter of feeder operations for barges
stocking enemy strongholds in the
surrounding area.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1944-02-25
1041 942 1913

there were 1858 walkouts. In 1941,
each striker lost 9.8 days, and 1928
walkouts were staged. In the pre-
war year 1899, the average striker
stayed out 1872 days.
In 1913, four coal strikes involv-
ing 100000 miners resulted in $780,
600 idle man days, or an average
of 20 days per worker.
About 10000 industrial disputes
were settled by U. S. agencies in
1943 without work stoppages, 10000
by the department of labor, and
1855 by the War Labor board.
SOLES
A new oil-treating process that
makes leather soles last rs to SO
per cent longer may soon be en-
ployed in manufacture of all civil
ian shoes. The army has required
oil-treatment of its footgear since
early in 1913.
Proponents Of the process point
out that treated shoes, by lasting
longer, would ease the shortage in
the new shoe supply. It is estimated
that 100, 000, 900 pairs with oil-treated
soles would give as much service
as ESQ. 000. 1000 untreated pairs.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1944-02-25
GENERALIZATION:
Congressional Plan

Adequate financing of industry to
switch to civilian production, and
orderly disposal of war material to
prevent upsetting the markets, were
proposed by the senate's economic
policy and planning committee for
postwar America.
The committees recommends
tons were embodied in a bill spon-
sored by Senators George (Ga.) and
Murray (Mont.), calling for govern
ment purchase of all raw materials
or processed goods or extension of
advances, partial payments or loans
upon contract cancellations.
Regarding the nations Sl5,OOO,-
100000 investment in war plants,
the committee proposed their sale
to private interests, but not if their
use should over-expand production.
The number of aircraft, aluminium,
rubber, magnesium, ship, steel and
pipeline plants retained for postwar
defense output should depend upon
the scope of such a program, the
committee declared.
Precaution should be taken against
flooding the markets with war goods
and depressing prices and produc-
ton generally, the committee said,
and opportunity should be sought to
sell such material abroad. Organi-
cation of a rehabilitation board to
carry out the program was recon-
mended.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1944-02-25
PreuieD of
InUosion Tactics

With invasion in the offing l de-
cided l wanted a preview. A little
difficult to arrange, admit. know,
however, that you could see full
dress rehearsal at the amphibious
base at Fort Pierce, Fla. That
institution has been cloaked in the
darkest secrecy until recently. Just
before the base celebrated its ami
versary I was allowed to look behind
the scenes.
No details can be reported of this
revolutionary development in Amer
lean military history that started
fresh from zero.
For almost full week l watched
and, in some cases, worked with
the men who make "amphibious &C
ton" possible-those who go over
the transport side into the landing
craft and up the beach, and the other
men who see that they get there,
from scouts and raiders who slip in
at night, crawling through the wash
of strange beach to throttle the
sentries and clear the way for the
others, to the last of the reserves.
have never met finer type of
man, soldier or marine, and they
are all there-army, navy, coast
guard, and the engineers, the sea-
bees, the medicos, scouts, raiders
and the other specialists. Coopera-
ton is the key to the greatest
achievement in amphibious action
army and navy working together as
one. 1t is navy operation right up
to the tide water mark, where the
army takes command, but close
ly interviewer texture, as much a
single unit as fighting division of
land troops or navy task force
talked with their leaders, tough,
quiet young men, who have learned
by doing-they know what it is to
land on a strange shore in Africa or
Sicily or the Pacific. They are a
great lot-the scouts and raiders
(our commandos) some big, some
little, some college athletes, some
from farm and factory. but all hard,
wiry, certain, and anxious for more
action.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1944-02-25
RUSSIA:
Reduce Threat

Russian forces whitfield down the
Germans toehold in the lower
Ukraine and sought to remove the
threat of an enemy encirclement
drive in that sector in major action
along the 800-mile eastern front.
Stiffening German defenses slowed
the Reds push in the Baltic, with
the enemy bitterly holding the
threshold into Estonia, Latvia and
Lithuania. Chewing deeply into
Nazi lines before these states, how
ever, the Russ forced the Germans
to withdraw in many places to pre-
vent entrapment from the rear.
Down at the southern end of the
long front, strong Russian forces
were beating the Germans back
from the lower Ukraine, where they
have been holding long lick of ter
ritory at the back of the Red armies
surging into prewar Poland. By
rolling up the Nazi lines here, the
Russ were removing the threat of a
possible German thrust at the rear
Of General Vatutin's armies.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1944-02-25
PHOTO FINISHING
When you hear a Marine called

When you hear a Marine called
a "Leatherneck," it has nothing to
do with the epidermis of his neck.
Years ago the Marine uniform was
equipped with a high stiff leather
collar. From that time on, "Leath-
erneck" has been the word for q
Marine. The word for his favorite
cigarette is "Camel"-the favorite
cigarette also of men in the Army,
Navy, and Coast Guard. Biased
on actual sales records from serv-
ice mems stores.) And though
there are Post Office restrictions
on packages to overseas Army
men, you can still send Camels
to soldiers in the U. S., and to men
in the Navy, Marines, and Coast
Guard wherever they are.-Adv.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1944-02-25
CIVILIAN TIRES:
More Later

Because requirements for MILL
tary, bus and truck tires are ex-
pected to lessen later in the year,
Rubber Director Bradley Dewey
predicted an increase in supply for
civilians after July l..
Because of the restrictions on driv-
ing through gas rationing and the
greater care being given to tires,
the expected total supply of 10 or "a
million tires for 1914 should be SUI
ficient to meet essential needs, Dew
ey said. Overall production for the
year, however, is 100000 below
earlier estimates.
Although the synthetic rubber pro-
gram utilizing alcohol and petroleum
should hit peak production at a rate
of 100000 tons annually by August,
the shortages of manufacturing
equipment and high tenacity rayon
cord for heavy duty tires is slowing
up the whole tire program, Dewey
said.
Up to July l, there will be
monthly production of 1000, 900 tires,
with 100000 available for rationing
and 100000 kept in reserve, Dewey
reported.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1944-02-25
B r f F S .. by Baukhage

Twenty-seven barter stores have
been opened in Berlin, the British
radio says, in reporting that the
Berlin chamber of commerce had
decided to make all wares subject
to barter.
Texas farm woodlands have an
excellent record in fire prevention
with less than l per cent burned an
nually for the past several years.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1944-02-25

TOKENS: More ration tokens will
be needed than was at first thought,
OPA officials indicate. About 2,0O0,-
600, 900 tokens should be ready for
release February q, and the OPA is
having another 200, 900, 900 made as
reserve. This supply may be in
creased to 300, 100000, it was said. A
larger token, about the size of a
quarter, with value of five points,
is being considered.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1944-02-25

Wood is growing in our forests at
the rate of about II, 1000, 1000, 1000 cubic
feet per year or about 1900 cubic
feet per minute. Wood is being
taken from the forests at the rate of
about $4,000, 100000 cubic feet per
year, of which 1000, ZOO, 1000 cubic
aeet is lost due to fire, insects, and
disease. If these destroyers could
be controlled, present wood growth
would almost balance wooc use
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1944-02-25

would threaten the
whole anti-infation
program by leading
to dem ands for
wage raises to meet
higher retail food
costs, Senator Bank
head (Ala.) said
that such subsidies
would only save
each family an av-
erage of II cents a
day, and this at a
%t~o@ ,,,L1-
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1944-02-25
Il G H Ii G 81 7 S In the soeek's nesos

SLED: The Russian army is u.s.
ing an improved sledge driven by
an airplane propeller for its mobile
machine gun corps. A machine gun
is mounted behind armor plating.
BASEBALL: The American league
baseball clubs will play rs exhibition
games in their spring circuit, &C.
cording to tentative schedules. Trav-
cling difficulties may curtail the pro-
gram.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1944-02-25

JOIN the house in
outlawing govern
ment subsidy pay
ments to reduce re-
tail food costs.
Senate approval
of Sen. John Bank
heads anti-subsidy
bill was scheduled
after rejection of
Sen. Francis Malo-
ney's amendment
calling for the ex-
nopIif,,ro of e. E00
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1944-02-25

100000 for subsidies this year, and
Sen. Robert Taft's compromise pro-
posal that the program be limited to
$3.50, 100000.
Countering administration argu-
ments that abolition of subsidies
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1944-02-25
RECONSTRUCTION:
Lumber Needed

Some idea of the tremendous de-
mand for lumber for postwar recon-
struction can be obtained from
Great Britain's inquiries for 5,000,-
100000 board feet in the first year
after the war for rebuilding dam
aged towns, DR.. Wilson Compton of
the National Lumber Manufacturers
association told the fifty-fourth an
nual convention of the Illinois Lum-
Der and Material Dealers associa-
ton. Normally, Britain buys $780,
100000 board feet yearly.
Although only 1000, 000,0 1000 board
feet of lumber are to be allocated
for civilian use in 1914 for farm con-
struction, war housing and repair
and maintenance work, the supply
may be cut still further by increased
demands for boxing, Grating and
dunnage.
Each soldier requires 300 feet Of
lumber for packaging and other SIM
liar uses when shipped overseas, DR..
Compton said, and an additional SO
feet month for supplies.
Exploiting war conditions by un-
scrupulously upgrading lumber is in
furious to the whole trade in the
long run, DR.. Compton said.
STRIKES:
Up in '43
Although $3.50 strikes were staged
in 1943 involving 100000 workers,
their short duration resulted in only
a loss of OF Of working time, the
U. S. labor department reported.
Nevertheless, strikers were out an
average of IL days in 1913, COM
pared with S days in 1912, when
Strikes in u. s. 1941-'43.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1944-02-25
SUBSIDIES:
Opposed in Congress

Although facing an expected pres
idential veto, the senate moved to
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1944-02-25
FARM EQUIPMENT

FARM ENGINES-3 TO 10 II. p. Gasoline
or Diesel. Also Farmlight Plants, Write
J. MESSELT, Factory Representative
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1944-02-25
WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS
Nazis Pour Troops Into Anzio Region
AS Battle for Italy Grows in Ferocity;
Senate Studies white Collar Income;
Aussie u. S. Forces Join in New Guinea

.
Released bY Meser pNewspap rupon
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1944-02-25

and savings are at record levels.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1944-02-25

HEALTHY Hair. stopped my hair falling
out and quickly freed it of dandruf. No
tonics, medicines or appliances used. Just
natures easy way. My secret method ST.
mo stamps pleaseD
J. FINN
sees Grand Avenue, Oakland 10, Calf.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1944-02-25

GRADE III TIRES. Recaps and used.
Nearly all sizes. Send certificate,
WALLY FOR TIRES
Great Falls, Billings, Butte, Malta. Mont
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1944-02-25
TRAPPER'S SUPPLIES

one night that brought @12 30. Free formulas
and instructions. Get Edwards real Coyote Scent.
GEORGE EDWARDS, LIVINGSTON, MONT.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1944-02-25
DELCO LIGHT PLANTS

Rebuilt Delco Light Plants with new plant
guar. Large stock Delco Light service parts.
Write A. N. McCranie, 24O5 Montana Ave-,
Billings, Mont, across from N. p. depot.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1944-02-25
BABY CHICKS

Sexed Day Old Puliets, males, unsexed
chicks. Eight breeds. Pedigreed Eng. Leg,
White Rocks. Pul1orum tested. Brooder
Evening star., 1944-05-27
Huge Estimates of Postwar
Home Building Are Questioned

Editors Note: This is the
third OF four reports made by
the National Association OF Real
Estate Boards
Evening star., 1944-05-27

Only few left Surrounded rolling woodland vet
the suburbs OF the city Eapnes dighy homes
laid along gently The Citizens
soaon with annual fund of Eapne
of the best highly restricted entire country Dis
nncy cooler than the city spend this summers
wartime lifelong Victory Garden of YOUR own The very t
homes left for sale and feature
all prewar equipment Monthly Model home
open Sundays 10 till m, PRO-
DUCTIoN BOARD HAS STOPPED HOUSING PRIoRITIEs
lou, ,,s . Hacf!oNS: &c IONS SALES-Ph Union 3s42
s a e n.Ih: Selden b. Daniel, Jr
EEsnl a smne Dsuslopsd by
s.t m 1s'h md Penn sE 1 Standard PrOperties
mil
Evening star., 1944-05-27
Real Estate News of Week

Three essential commodities for
building and repair were made avail
able this week, Frightening the home
owners outlook. Timbers and heavy
softwood dimension lumber more
than inches in thickness are now
available for essential home repair
George T. Gerliner Of the National
Lumber Manufacturers, says large
production Of certain kinds and sizes,
needed by the military automatically
results In the production of other
sizes not needed by the Army and
Navy"
Structural Clay Products Institute
after careful analysis, proved that the
quantity Of lumber needed to build
typical small homes can be reduced
50 per cent by using brick and tile
instead Of frame construction, with
only 5 per cent increase in costs.
Harry G. Bates, president Of the
Bricklayers, Masons and Plasterers
Union, stated that there is no
shortage Of bricklayers or masons.
So, with heavy timber, brick and a
mason to lay them, the building
future looks brighter.
4
Comprehensive, factual study Of
Evening star., 1944-05-27
dwelling Unit Survey Indicates
Housing Available Here

own organizations exhausted all
possibilities three months ago.
Efforts are now being made to over
come this lack by transferring cer-
tain emergency houses from white to
colored occupancy. Negroes also do
not wish to live any distance from
the center Of town. which leaves
hundreds of vacancies in the outly-
ing sections.
Washington comprises 90 square
miles, Washington Real Estate
Board reports, within this area are
SOC, 900 people to be housed.
The city has q limited supply Of
two types Of accommodation. First
in the number of small, inexpensive
apartments for the young man or
woman who is . Government worker
an small salary, and second the num-
Der and quality Of the large apart
ments or houses for experts in the
professional or business field who
are accustomed to more elaborate
accommodations. The first group
must be willing to go further out Of
town to be suited, and the second
must be willing to accept simpler
accommodations.
Right now there are apartments
available in Southeast and North
east washington, in Prince Georges
County, Arlington and Alexandra
There are innumerable units speci-
fed for war workers and held for
them. These are large homes suit
able for the big family, or the fam.
lily with war guests.
War workers may check with War
Housing Agency frst. Others list
their wants with realtors or through
the classified columns In the news
papers, for special needs. "For rent
columns have been running twice
the length Of Wanted" columns for
some weeks.
Washington realtors are generous
with information and advice on
various sections Of town, though
they may be short on listings. War
Housing Agency will help newcom-
ers with advice, though they may
not be eligible as tenants for war
housing.
Evening star., 1944-05-27
BY MARGRET NOVEL;.

Finding a place to live in WASH
ington Is daily problem faced by
natives as well as newcomers. In
vestigations made this last week
prove both houses and apartments
available If prospective tenants real
ize the National Capital Is the
country's busiest war plant. and will
make some concessions In accept
ing accommodations.
Those who expect to find their
ideal home within walking distance
lot downtown Washington are
doomed to disappointment. Those
who insist upon northwest WASH
ington and refuse to live else
where, will be surprised to know
that there have been only one or
two large apartment houses and few
homes completed In this area since
194l and the saturation point was
reached many months ago. There
are long waiting lists for every new
vacancy. Persons desiring imme-
diate occupancy must look into
other desirable localities.
In New York, Chicago, Boston or
any other large city most persons
prefer to live out of town, commut-
ing anywhere from 20 to Is minutes
to reach their place Of business.
Strangely enough, in Washington,
requests are constant for quarters
within walking distance Of Pennsyl-
vania Avenue.
Marvin Wire, head Of the War
Housing Agency at 1400 Pennsyl-
vania Avenue, whose primary Job Is
getting war workers housed ade-
quately and quickly, says, 1--WE can
find living quarters for a war worker
and his family If they are willing to
make a few sacrifices in accepting
accommodations not necessarily as
desirable as those they are saccus-
toned to-" For 30-day period end
ing May Goth War Housing agency
received also applications. One
fourth Of these were for Negroes.
Washington has serious short
age in housing for colored peo-
pie. Pleas and canvassing by their
Evening star., 1944-05-27

Comprehensive. factual study of