davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1944-11-06

fore, our attacks had to be spread
over the whole continent OF Europe,
but now we can concentrate on the
Reich. The target Is no longer q
sprawling one; the tentacles OF
Nazidom have been chopped away,
and we are at last able to hammer
directly and almost exclusively at
the heart.
With the Luftwaffe incapable OF
effecting any material change in the
situation, Allied air po'uer-based
not only in Britain but in France
and the Lowlands--is in a position
literally to blow to pieces every key
center in the Reich. This prospect
must be as clear to the German
people as 1t is to us and seeing it
and coupling it with the fact that
they are caught In an unbreakable
ring of mighty British, Russian and
American land armies, they must be
asking themselves whether it is not
madness to continue to resist.
Evening star., 1944-11-06

An anomaly in the flood of election
forecasts over the week end Is that
while the poll takers and political wri-
ters preponderantly favor President
Roosevelt's chances, they tend even
more strongly to the opinion that the
Republicans will carry the national
House of Representatives and gain sub
stantially in the Senate.
AS these findings indicate. while the
voters are inclined to retain President
Roosevelt to finish the war and nego-
tiate peace they are more than ever
determined to keep him hog tied, as
he has been for two years past, by
hostile Congress.
For example, compendium of opin-
ion from State political experts, pub
lished in the Roosevelt New York
Times, gives the President 1872 probable
electoral votes, as against 1879 for Gov.
Dewey. but prophesies Republican con-
troll of the House. 223 to 2l2, and a
Republican gain of six to eight Senate
seats.
James A. Hagerty. veteran State po-
htical expert of the New York Times,
IN the same issue gives Mr.. Roosevelt
slight edge in the race for New York s
Al electoral votes, but says the Presi-
dents plurality in the state must reach
100000 to save Senator Robert F. Wag-
ner. -
Senator Wagner is running for a
fourth six-year' term and IN his last
election in 1888 he rolled un a majority
OF more than 100000 while the tf1en
Democratic Governor, Herbert H. Leh-
man, barely soueaked through
The Times's Nationwide survey pre-
diets Republican gains of Senate seats
in California, Idaho Iowa, Missouri,
New Jersey and Oklahoma, with pos
sible additions in Illinois and New York.
Curiously enough, this listsleaves out
Indiana, which most other surveys
have placed as much more likely to
provide Senate gain for the Repub-
licans than California, Oklahoma, Ili-
nois or New York.
Republicans who, in the opinion of
this writer, almost certainly will win
Senate seats presently occupied by
Democrats are Bourke B. Hickenlooper
of Iowa, c. A. Bottolfsen of Idaho, For
rest C. Donnen of Missouri, H. qAlexan-
der Smith of New Jersey and Homer
Capehart of Indiana.
The only two present Republican
Senators who have been rated in dan
ger are Gerald P. Nye of North Dakota
and John A. Danaher of Connecticut.
Senator Nye Is engaged in a three
cornered race with the popular Demo-
cratic Governor, John Moses, and Lynn
U. Stambaush, an independent Repub-
lican. This contest, according to the
last-minute reports from North Dakota,
is so close that any one of the three
contestants may win it.
Running against Brien Mcmahon,
Evening star., 1944-11-06
Our Common Cool

In welcoming their new president,
Wilbur S. Finch, the delegates to
the Federation of Citizens Associa-
tions had before them on Saturday
evening an excellent summary of
the federation's activities of the past
year, prepared for them in advance
by the retiring president, Harry S.
Wender.
The document serves as a timely
reminder of the value and scope of
the work for voteless Washington
voluntarily undertaken and carried
on by the federation and its con-
stituent organizations. Through it's
committees and their spokesmen,
appearing at congressional hearings
and participating actively in dis
cussion of local issues, there is kept
alive community spirit and form
of citizen participation in local
affairs which are Of the utmost i'm
portance in Washington. A study
OF these activities furnishes a con-
vincing explanation of the fedora
tion's influence on the community.
Mr.. Finch is to be congratulated on
the distinction which accompanies
his election to an office which en-
larges his opportunities for service
to his fellow citizens.
The retiring and the new presi-
dent struck the same note in COM
menting on the federation's place
in Washington. In the conclusion
of his annual report, MIR. Wender
remarks on the fact that I'VE who
believe in democracy, being denied
full government by the people, and
for the people, have fashioned a
poor substitute in our citizens asso-
citation movement whereby we en-
deavor to work for the public good"
Mr.. Finch said that the primary
concern of all citizens and organiza-
tions working for the welfare of the
city should ,be to obtain voting
rights.
On day like tomorrow, when over
45,000,O00 American citizens 60 to
the polls as free men to express the
will OF the people, our enforced ac-
ceptance of any substitute" for the
genuine article of bona fide repre-
sentation in our Government is
matter for deep humiliation and
shameful reflection on the Nation
which permits this degrading injus-
tice in its Capital. Mr. Finch is right
when he suggests that our Fedora
ton of Citizens Associations can
work to no higher purpose than the
removal of this condition.
Evening star., 1944-11-06
The Congressional Races
BY Jay G., H0vden

. HHpdPn
former assistant attorney general, Sem
ator Danaher is rated stronger than
Gov. Dewey in Connecticut but straw
votes have indicated President Roose-
Velt may carry the State by IS 900 and.
If so, Mcmahon is likely to ride in on
the presidential coat tails
Republican Senate hopes do not stop
with the States above listed. They are
claiming a chance to beat Senators
Alben w. Barkley of Kentucky. Ebert
d. Thomas of Utah, Warren G.. Magnu-
son, who is running for the seat vacated
by resignation of Senator Homer T.
Bone, in Washington, and Pat McCar-
ran of Nevada
Summing up the senatorial outlook,
Republican net gain of six seats ap-
pears fairly certain, and, if Governor
Dewey Is elected President. a gain of
IL seats, necessary to give the Repub-
hcans control, is possible.
The only times in American history
that the House has failed to 60 with the
presidency are 1848. when Zachary Tay-
lor won on the Whig ticket, but the
Democrats held the House. and 1876.
when Rutherford B. Hayes, Republican.
gained doubtful majority of electors,
while the House went Democratic by
an overall majority of &C. In 1916. when
Woodrow Wilson was reelected, the
House stayed Democratic by a majority
Of one vote
The biggest factor pointing to Re-
publican control of the House now is
the spread of rural opposition to the
New Deal into the Southern border
States and the Far West. Since the
1912 election, Democratic congressional
representation from the Northeastern
seaboard and the Middle West has come
exclusively from districts preponder-
antly urban. This year the Republicans
are likely to gain House seats in every
Southern border State-Maryland, West
Virginia, Kentucky, Missouri, Oklahoma
and they may dip into the solid South
by taking one or two seats in Virginia
and possibly one in North Carolina.
In the Far West the Republicans
seem reasonably sure to gain seats in
California and Washington, and they
may pick up one seat each in New
Mexico, Montana. Utah and Idaho
Other States where the Republicans
hope to gain one or more seats are
Wisconsin. Minnesota, Massachusetts,
and Michigan.
The Republicans may lose from one
to four seats in Connecticut, two in
Pennsylvania, and here and there others
of their members are reported in dan
ger. On the whole, however, the symp-
toms of congressional gain are much
stronger on the Republican than on the
hAvpN u rt@
already are within six votes of an over
all HOUSE mainritv
Evening star., 1944-11-06
Field Marshal Dill

The death of Field Marshal Sir
John Dill represents great loss not
only to Britain, but to America as
well. AS head of the British Joint
Staff Mission in the United States,
no man contributed more to the
creation of military unity between
our two Countries unity so well
conceived and executed, coalition
OF armed power so smoothly and so
firmly welded together that even
our enemies, however enviously or
grudgingly, must recognize it as the
most excellent thing of its kind ever
achieved in the history of warfare.
Sir John was eminently equipped,
militarily and otherwise, for making
this achievement possible. One of
Britain's truly great commanders in
this war-likened by some Britons
to Marlborough-he was chief of the
British General Staff at the time
OF Dunkirk and belonged to that
handful OF men responsible for Eng
lands salvation when that country
was experiencing what was at once
its finest and darkest hour. Later,
when he came to Washington as
head of the stan mission and as the
personal representative of Prime
Z Minister Churchill in the latter's
capacity as Defense Minister-he
displayed such unique gifts in the
field of strategy and human rela-
tionships that he promptly won both
the admiration and affection of his
American collaborators in the Joint
chiefs OF staff, including General
Marshall, leader of kindred spirit
and similar talents.
Death came for Sir John before
he could see the total triumph Of
what was in large measure his own
handiwork, but It is good to think
that he had the comfort and satis-
factio4pf knowing, Ia his last days,
Evening star., 1944-11-06

mtnistration must know that this Is the
consequence of his vote. We are abso-
lutely free to make that decision. but
we must know exactly what declAon We
are making.
And in connection with this question,
we must ask ourselves: Will this hasten
the end Of the war, or postpone It? Will
this consolidate our war effort, or dis
rupt 1t?
And we must think not only of our
own war effort, but bear in mind that
our effort Is tightly knit together with
the war effort and policies of all the
United Nations, and particularly OF the
three who bear almost the entire burden
OF this war: ourselves, Great Britain,
and the Soviet Union.
We must ask ourselves: Will change
of administration strengthen our rela-
tions with these Allies, or tend to set
them adrift? Will 1t interrupt negotia-
tions carried on with our Allies for
years?
We must also ask ourselves, as i'm
med1ately next in the scale of i'm
portance: Are we satisfied with the con-
duct of this war? II we are dissatisfied,
TO what extent are We dissatisfied, and
does our dissatisfaction overweight other
factors? Are the responsible cabinet
officials handling the war well? Is the
financial administration of the war
satisfactory? Is industry doing a good
job? Is labor doing a good Job? Are
our troops getting all they need?
And, finally. the speculation as to
which candidate and administration
might provide the larger number OF
postwar jobs will come into our minds.
but as lower In the scale of important
questions. And below that, matters of
future taxation, postwar domestic
policies, ETC.
They must come lower because they
depend on the higher.
l shall stand before the voting ma
chine. only as an American. And so.
think, will every other woman.
released by the Bell Syndicate, Incl
Evening star., 1944-11-06
German Leadership
By Maj. George FieIdina Eliot

In the conduct of war, it is never
possible to separate entirely the military
and the political factors which enter
into the major decisions. Military con-
siderations will inevitably affect po-
litical decisions and political considera
tions have to be taken into account in
making military decisions.
From the German point of view the
political field is about the only one in
which they can have any hope even
of secondary success under present
conditions. Their military defeat may
be taken for granted; there is some
indication that 1t is already taken for
granted by the German leaders them
selves, though they are careful not to
say SO to their own people.
There are, of course, thinking Ger
mans-notably among the German gen.
eral staff-whose main purpose is how
to save something out of the wreck with
which to try again. But there are also
a great many German leaders, includ-
ing most of those who are now in effect
i've control of German affairs, whose
main purpose is probably no more than
to prolong their lives-lives which will
certainly be forfeit when the hour OF
final decision comes.
These leaders and their instruments
and dupes the men of the SIS and the
Gestapo, and the fanatical Hitler Youth,
will fight on regardless of what may
happen-and they win at the pistol
point compel as many other Germans
to fight on, too, as they can manage.
This is what Gen. Eisenhower meant
when he said the other day that Is per
cent of the Germans were forcing the
other Is per cent to fight.
From the point Of view OF the Is per
cent 1t is just question of living q
little longer. There can hardly be q
member of the SIS or the Gestapo whose
name Is not on war criminal list in the
archives OF one or more of the Allied
nations. Men cling to nfe-and there
fore these men will 60 on fighting be-
cause by SO doing they avoid the cer-
tainty of death before firing squad, or
on the gallows; or at the hands Of an
infuriated mob.
From the point Of view Of the rs per
cent it is also question Of living longer
perhaps quite little longer. A Ger
man soldier defending position, for
example, who knows that 4 few yards
behind him is an SS man with ms
chine pistol. has UTE simpls problem
Il Il
Evening star., 1944-11-06
(See LAWRENCE, Page A-l1D
Don't Mend Ii!

From the st. Louis Star Times
A Cleveland engineer wants to weld
the crack in the Liberty Bell so that
the tones of that famed symbol of
American independence can be added
to the celebration Of v day. This is q
drastic proposal.
The bell which proclaimed the Dec
laration Of Independence on that July
day in 1776 has been silent since 1885,
when the crack developed during a
tolling for the death Of Chief Justice
John Marshall
The crack has become a part of the
bell, almost as much as the inscription
Proclaim liberty throughout the land
unto all the inhabitants thereof" No
one living has heard the bell in true
tone, but every one knows it by the
crack, which shows in every picture.
There probably is no question but
that modern welders can make the bell
whole again, but to the people of Amer
lea it would not be the same bell II
so repaired.
Evening star., 1944-11-06

to solve. If he quits fighting, the SIS
man will shoot him dead That will be
the finish of everything. On the other
hand, if he continues to fight, he may be
wounded and 60 to a hospital, and so
survive; he may be taken prisoner; he
may live right through the war until
the final collapse comes. He has no
chance to survive one way he has quite
a good chance the other 1t is as simple
and primitive-as that,
Into these elemental considerations,
the question of what is being said in
America or elsewhere about a hard
peace or a soft peace for Germany does
not enter at all. The Is per cent don't
care, because they won't live to see
either hard or a soft peace. The IS
per cent would have quit long ago If
they could just to get through with the
bloody and hopeless struggle. which has
brought them nothing but death, tor
ment and destruction.
The only Germans who really care
about a hard or a soft peace now are
some of the deep thinkers of the Ger
man staff and its related activities. men
who do not now really control German
policy but are undoubtedly waiting for
this present storm to pass and then
come forward as the real saviors of the
new Germany-later on much later on.
when, they may hope the victor nations
will be relaxing their vigilance.
r.
So we may. in weighing the political
and military factors involved, reacf,
certain rather definite conclusions:
First, that nothing we now say or
suggest about the kind OF peace Ger
many is going to get has any appreciable
effect on the fighting of the German
Army. which Is controlled by those to
whom these future considerations are
Of no Importance;
Second, that the Germans Il, whom
these considerations are really of i'm
portallce. those who are planning to
come forward as the leaders Of the
future Germany and still to some extent
influence German propaganda are des-
perately anxious to convince us to the
contrary because they want to tone
down proposals which. II carried out,
would make q future German military
comeback impossible.
It Is never good idea In war to ac-
cept IS fact what the enemy Is trying
very haSd to make you believe.
tcopyfGht 1914. Nsv York Tribuns. lne)
Evening star., 1944-11-06
On the Record
By Dorothy Thompson

This Is no ordinary election. No
other country would have, or has held
an election in the midst OF this gigan-
tic war.
But the American Constitution COM
pels us to hold this national election.
1t does not compel us, however, to
take into the polling booth our habitual
party afiiliations and customary atti-
tudes OF mind. Not only should every
one OF us vote, but every one of us
should pray before she votes. And every
one OF US should enter the polling booth.
not as Republican nor Democrat, but
as patriot, conscious Of the fact that
our Nation is waging war and pre-
pairing for peace
We must see things in proper scale
ana proportion. That is the first neces-
sity.
Every sort OF argument has been
brought into this campaign, and new
ones will be introduced In the last
minute
I think it well to disregard last min
ute arguments. Toward the end of
every campaign, when one candidate or
the other feels that he may be losing
6@OAAAA, AAC dAld dTtl6dIlS IeQOuOle
their charges, their excesses in accusa-
tions, exploit last minute news items.
and paint their opponents as national
menaces. This is the pattern of all
American campaigns, and it is not diff
ferent, even in this most historic one.
The issues on which we vote have to
be assessed In the right order.
The flrst most vital question which
te. ~
to change the administration, from ton
to bottom, at the climax of a World
War?
Whatever the arguments we must see
clearly that this is the issue. We must
ask ourselves: Is 1t wise or unwise. to
remove the Chief Executive, the State
Department, all cabinet officials includ-
Ing the secretaries of War and Navy,
and, reshuffle their subordinates at this
moment?
Every one who votes against tho od-
Evening star., 1944-11-06

I think that I should know hop free
men are.
Last year and years before we shared
the earth
As laughing boys ,Dho reached the lo,per
stars
And bought their dreams for halt q
comet s-tD0rth.
Today tDe share common cause and
pray q
That freedom's grace, 20 lightly held
before,
Shall not be lost, but keep the light OF
Though we Dalk blindly through the
night OF tDdr.
Tomorrow TOE wiH share the sky, adritt
BettDeen the tDo fair ,cortds, as men
tohose stars
Are still ahead, and clearly spe wiH see
Our mortal stay pds His Immortal gift.
1 think that ! should knop how free
men are,
And rightly guess ho.c future nses
- piH be- =
,&EHGT. HAROLD APPLEBAUM, Us.A.
Evening star., 1944-11-06
Turqet Germany

So great has been its decline that
the Luftwaffe now rises in strong
force only when the place to be
defended is exceptionally important
"a fact which explains why the
battle over Merseburg on Thursday
was one of the most violent Of the
war. The city is the home of a huge
synthetic oil plant vital to Hitler,
and as soon as our bombers ap-
preached it, enemy interceptors,
Including jet-propelled planes, were
up in very large numbers.
But our attacking force went out
fully prepared to meet just such
opposition, 900 or more fighter
planes serving as escort for the 1000
or more Flying Fortresses and Lib
orators that carried out the bomb
Ing. Against this, the Luftwaffe did
It's deadly best, but its best was not
nearly good enough, for the battle
clearly ended in an American vic
tory. Forty-nine of our bombers
and ten of our fighters were lost, but
the all-important target was hit,
and hit hard, and no fewer than 208
Nazi aircraft were shot down or
destroyed on the ground.
1t is doubtful that the German
air force will be able to take part
In many more such battles before
Germany as whole is knocked out
OF the war. Basically, in any event,
the effort seems hardly. worth the
cost, since it cannot stop our bombs
from falling and since the Luftwaffe
- proportionately speaking - loses
far more in the process than any loss
It can inflict on us. Yet, everything
considered, the enemy has perhaps
no other course to follow, for over
whelming Allied superiority has i'm
posed upon him grim dilemma: II
he rises In strength to meet our
attack, he must pay heavy price
and still fail to stop us, but If he
stays on the ground and lets us
pulverize targets like the oil plant
at Merseburg, he robs himself of the
fuel he must have If he is to fly at
all. Thus, no matter what he does,
he appears bound to be the loser.
The Luftwaffe's extremely difiicult
position is destined, moreover, to
grow progressively worse, while our
Allied aerial offensive steadily
mounts in fury. In the month Of
October alone, American and British
bombers, striking by day and night,
dropped more than 100000 tons of
explosives on Germany proper. In
the month of November the figure
may well run even higher than that,
and In the month Of December still
another recoN may be set. Hereto
Evening star., 1944-11-06
The Charter Debate

To votelesS WaShingt their
neighbors in Montgomery County
appear to have made a demonstra-
ton Of responsible, alert self-gov-
ernment in the course of their de-
bate on the charter issue that equals
in its Importance the final outcome
Of the debate itself.
The conduct OF the argument has
reflected great credit on both sides
despite claims and counterclaims of
unnecessary political slugging. There
has been no suggestion Of the apathy
which is the most insidious threat to
good government. On the other
hand, an issue has been created
which held the close attention Of
the voters throughout the campaign.
It concerns the best form of county
government. Proponents of the
charter have argued that change
would be conducive to the interest
and welfare of the voters and future
development of the county. The
opponents have been willing to rest
their case to large extent on the
excellence of the existing county
government as demonstrated by the
notable progress achieved under its
administration. If the charter pro-
ponents have been able to reveal
weaknesses in the traditional form
of county government, their oppo-
nents have been able to point to the
lack of tangible evidence that con-
templated changes would do more
than substitute new weaknesses for
those removed.
On the whole, the effect of this
debate has been to stimulate an ex-
traordinary interest in the county
government and minute inspection
of its functioning. A defeat for the
charter would leave the incumbents
on the defensive, alert against fail
ures to invite renewal of the fight.
Victory for the charter will put
its supporters on their mettle to
demonstrate the validity of their
theories. The voting taxpayer, in
the meantime, stands to win in
either case. Which Is the way it
should be.
Evening star., 1944-11-06
Effective War Policy
Prom the Arkansas Traveller.

FROM the Arkansas Traveller.
The fighting that has been done inside
Germany to date indicates that Allied
policy toward enemy cities and MS
tionals will be just as humane or lust
as tough as the Germans make it.
In cases where opposition has ceased,
the Allied military leaders have set up
strict rules but have shown every
respect for property and people.
On the other hand, towns from which
snipers have been killing our troops
have been completely wiped out
Doubtlessly the same policy will be
extended to other localities as the Allies
advance into Germany. This combi-
nation of grim resolution toward active
enemies and of humanity toward con-
quered people is an effective one. It
shouldn't take long for the German
people to learn what sort Of treatment
to expect.