davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1944-06-02

street" the marvellous accomplish
ments of Russia, has also caused him
to realize that a nation which could
accomplish such military feats must
also have been able to perform indus
trial and economic miracles as well,
because such military performances
could not have been brought about in
these modern times without similar
industrial, scientific and economic ac-
complishments. If, reasons the man
in the street" Russia under socialism
could accomplish such things, it is
possible that Tong range economic
planning might be good for the rest
of the world 1t is also barely posi-
BILE that Socialism is not the vision
airy Utopia" of idle dreamers" that
we have been told it was. And if, as
now appears, the corporate press has
lied to us about the Russian economic
system in the past, it is not only posi-
BILE but entirely probable that it's pres
ent day anti-socialist propaganda is
just a lot more of the same brand.
At any rate the Russian brand of
Socialism seems to have been very
successful thing for Russia and in
that case it is high time we examined
this socialist argument to see if So
cialism, or some form of it might not
prove as successful for our own coun-
try
This is the general effect upon the
world of the Russian Experiment"
and the fact that "the man in the
street. is finally beginning to THINK
along these lines is the thing that is
most dreaded by the capitalist leader
ship and capitalist politicians for it
S evidence of the fact that the NAL
sdy which affects the capitalist sys-
EN- is approaching the acute stage |
Capitalism cannot stand the search |
ng light of reason and once John O. |
Citizen really begins to THINK, al |
hough the process sis a slow and tedi-
Jus one he eventually reaches a
ound conclusion. ]
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1944-06-02

his weekly amount, is entitled tc
such weekly benefit, less the amount
of his earnings in excess of So. Thus
a single worker, whose wages are $50
a week full time and who is unem
ployed part time and earns $3.50 or
more for that week, would receive
nothing, because his weekly unem-
ployment benefit is $1,000 and the
excess of his earnings for the week
over SO is $1,000. However, If the
same worker had wife and earned
$3.50 for such week, he would be
entitled to a weekly benefit of $5.25,
and, if he had a wife and child, he
would be entitled to $1,000, because
his weekly benefit would be s1575 and
S21, respectively, and there would be
deducted therefrom $1,000, the excess
of his weekly earnings over SO.
6. Experience Rating: The bill re-
moves another of the unwholesome
ing. Under most of these laws,
separate account is kept for each
employer, indicating the contribution
made by him and the benefits paid to
his former employees. Where the
ratio of benefits to contributions is
low, the taxes paid by the employer
are reduced
The theory underlying experience
rating is that employers will be in
duced to stabilize employment. This,
of course, overlooks the fact that the
savings in unemployment compensa-
ton contributions are absurdlly small
compared with the savings in over
head and general business operations
which are generally achieved through
sterilization.
The fact is that employment stabil-
ization occurs primarily because Of the
operation of economic forces over
which individual employers have no
control. 1t is prosperity which brings
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1944-06-02
BY LAVERNE HAMILTON
THE RUSSIAN EXPERIMENT

In our study of the evolutionary
trend OF economies we can devote
to the examination of the Russian
Experiment" only small fraction OF
the time, which the magnitude OF
that Experiment" actually deserves
1t is only possible in these brief
chapters to touch the high spots
and to mention briefly in passing, the
five year plans" which were so sue
cessfully completed by the "bolshe-
vics" To catalogue the marvellous
scientific industrial and economic
accomplishments with which Russia
has astonished the capitalist world
and so utterly confounded one Adolph
Schicklegruber would require volumes
and since the information is now
more readily available to those inter-
ested we may content ourselves with
suggesting to those interested that
they read some of the more authorita-
tive books on the subject: Ten Days
That Shook The World, by John Reed
(Boni and Liveright), Russia And The
approach of Armageddon by Chas
Seely Git. Commander U.SN. retired),
The Soviet Power by Hewlett Johnson
Dean of Canterbury and The Secret
of Soviet Strength. Such volumes
give the interested student a compre-
hensive picture of the Russian revolu-
tionary movement and much clearer
understanding of the Soviet Union of
today, from military, scientific, in
dustrial and economic standpoint.
With these references we can turn
our attention to the part which the
Russian Experiment" has played in
the evolutionary process and the in
fluence which it has exerted and will
continue to exert in the process of |
naturalization of industry on world |
wide scale
Critics of socialism are fond of re-
ferring to the socialist philosophy as
"Utopian" and visionary and to so
cialists as idle dreamers," but the
success of the first Russian five year
PLAN followed by the almost 1000
accomplishment of the second five
year PLAN proved beyond a doubt that
if socialism was "Utopian" it had
nevertheless sound economic basis,
and if socialists were "dreamers" they
had something" which enabled them
to make the major portion of their
dreams" come true.
To the student who has followed
the progress of "bolshevic Russia"
her accomplishments of the first two
five year periods are little less than
astounding. For several years she
was compelled to wage unceasing war 9
with the white Russian armies of Q
and Dennikin who were aided
by the industrial AND POLITICAL I
leaders of every major capitalist ma G
ton on the face of the earth NOT q
EVEN EXCEPTING THE U. S. A e
Diversion of Red Cross supplies Tin I
Tended by American donors for relief t
Of Russian famine victims) to the S
armies of Kolchak and Dennikin en-
abled these armies to harrass the
1olshevic leadership long after the )
cause CD of the two generals was ir- t;
'evocably lost In the fact of such n
Obstacles it is little wonder that the Il
Russian leaders of the socialist move X
nent resorted to methods which a
brought upon them the criticism and a
of civilized CD capital IL
st nations. In a struggle for survival t
he underdog has little opportunity to tt
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1944-06-02
FRENCH FURNITURE
FOR GERMANY

According to the Swiss Gazette de
Lausanne, Nazi authorities have or
dered French factories to speed up
the production of furniture-especial-
ly beds and cupboards-fo shipment
to Germany. The Swiss newspaper
said the Germans had turned to the
French because bombed German fac
tories were not capable of producing
sufficient furniture for the bombed-out
population.
Before publication of the Gazette de
Lausanne story, an authoritative re-
port from Europe revealed that Ger
man authorities in France had de-
manded that 10000 cubic meters of
timber be converted to furniture pro-
duction before the end of 1913. The
work was to take place mainly in the
Lyon district, with the furniture-mak-
ers getting special priorities.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1944-06-02
FREE ITALY" POSTERS
APPEAR IN ROME

Large posters of Giuseppe Carl
baldi and Giuseppe Mazzini, Italian
national heroes, have appeared on
walls throughout Nazi-occupied Rome.
according to the Swedish newspaper
Nya Dagligt Allehanda. Both Carl
baldi and Mazzini fought for the uni
fication of Italy in the nineteenth
century.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1944-06-02

Editors Note: We present below
the first installment of a compre-
hensive analysis by the National
Lawyers Guild of the Wagner-Mur-
ray-Dingell bill, which will be pub
lished serially. We urge our read
ers to read each installment. A
sound and thorough understanding
of the measure will result.)
The liberalization and Extension Of
Unemployment Insurance To Replace
the Existing State Systems.
The Need for a Single Federal System
At the present time, there are fifty
one separate state and territorial sys-
TENS of unemployment insurance.
These systems have collected over six
billion dollars in taxes and interest,
but they have only paid out to bene-
ficiaries approximately two billion
dollars, and thus, at the end of June,
1943, have approximately four billion
dollars in total reserves. The reserves
of individual states for the payment of
unemployment benefits vary widely.
The Social Security Board finds that
the reserves of some states are "suffi-
Gent to compensate only about one
fifth of the insured workers." and
that, accordingly, ''the reserves of
some states would be threatened with
insolvency under the strains which
must be anticipated in the postwar
years" and the board has drawn the
necessary conclusion that "the pooling
of funds is necessary to insure pay
ment of adequate benefits to all eligi-
BILE unemployed workers, regardless of
the states in which they are now COW
cred, during any postwar re-adjust
ment period"
Moreover, there are wide variations
in coverage, eligibility, benefit and tax
provisions in the various states. The
benefits for a worker whose annual
earnings are $1,000 vary from state to
state to such an extent that the week
ly benefits vary from 81 to SIT, and
the total benefits vary from 500 to
$500. The average benefit payment
for a week of total unemployment
Turing the period January-June, 1910,
vas $1,000. Southern states common
y had weekly benefits in the $6-$7
'ange, and in one case as law as $4.5S.
The duration of benefits was entirely
90 short to cover more than a limited
,art of workers period of unemploy
nent For varying periods in 1898,
939 and 1910, between $3.50 and 500
# all claimants exhausted their bene-
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1944-06-02
RESEARCH PROJECT

Japanese dental researches at the
Djakarta Medical College in occupied
Java have begun a research project
in an attempt to discover the reasons
for rapid tooth decay among a great
number" of Japanese soldiers and civ
ilians in South Asia, according to the
Domei agency. Domei said the re-
searchers were eager to learn why the
teeth of Japanese decayed while those
of the native inhabitants didn't.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1944-06-02
"TENT SHOPS"

Open air tent shops" for the vend-
ing of meat, cheese and other perish
able foodstuffs have been set up in
Esen to replace bombed-out shops, ac-
cording to the Stockholm Aftontidnin-
gen. The Swedish paper said German
authorities in Essen realized that the
tent shops" would not be "a particu-
larly happy solution" in the heat of
summer" but added that town au-
thorities see no alternative at the
present"
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1944-06-02

sterilization. Where an industry cal
stabilize employment I'm a depression
this occurs usually because of iti
monopolistic control or other favora
BILE economic position. Thus, utilities
which hove no competitors and meet
stabilized consumer demands, are able
to achieve a high employment expert
ence. Similarly, large-scale business
and industry normally have a more
stabilized employment record than
small industry and small business.
To give utilities and large-scale in.
dustry and business a tax advantage
by reason of their stabilized employ
ment experience is to give them a
further business advantage and an I'M
Justified tax saving. Since experience
rating results in smaller tax collec-
tions it has tended to prevent increase
in benefits.
The Social Security Board has con-
cluded that in the competitive effort
to reduce taxes through experience
rating devices, the adequacy of the
benefit structure or the solvency of
the state funds may be endangered
The BILL in abolishing experience
rating, would remove one of the major
weaknesses of existing systems.
In the field of unemployment in
surance, the bill would effect very
substantial improvements over the
existing unemployment insurance pro-
visions in our country. In federaliz-
ing unemployment insurance and pool
ing all unemployment insurance re-
serve funds, and thereby unifying
standards for the nations as a whole;
in extending coverage to many mil
lions not now covered; in providing
dependents allowances; in reducing
the waiting period; and in increasing
the duration of benefits, the bill
makes important advances in the eco
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1944-06-02
Inside the Axis
Continued from Page one)

taking like the invasion will begin
with an increase of fighting activity
on all fronts. as we are already wit
Messing now in the air war and on
the Italian front
No doubt the invasion will not be
directed against one single point
against which our defensive forces
could quickly concentrate. Such an
undertaking will be continued in many
parallel actions after intensification
of all other fighting activities, and
only quite slowly will the real main
effort become apparent"
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1944-06-02

nomic protection of American work
ers. We approve these provisions of
the bill.
Next week we shall discuss Social
security protection for persons in mill
tary service"
Evening star., 1944-03-17
New York Firm Gets
Waste Paper Contract

Contracts for removal and sale of
waste paper from the executive
branch of the Government have
been awarded to the United Paper
board Co. of New York City, effec-
tive April l, 1914, to June 80, 1916
the Treasury Department an
nounced late yesterday.
These contracts formerly were
held by the Penn Paper and Stock
Co. Of Philadelphia, which has been
doing the work for years through
its plant here. The Treasury pro-
curement division, which handles
purchases and sales for the execu-
tive branch of Government, can
called the Penn contracts following
a critical report from the Joint Con-
gressional Committee on Economy
headed by Senator Byrd of Virginia.
The report charged the Govern
ment was getting insufficient prices
from the Penn company.
A spokesman for the Penn company
admitting its contract with execu-
tive agencies had been Cancelled
claimed, however, the firm still had
some contracts with other agencies
apparently in the legislative or ju-
dicial branches of Government
which are not covered by the Treas
ury procurement division.
Under the new contracts with
United Paperboard Co., the Treas
ury estimated the Government will
receive in excess of $25,000 a month
This firm was one of six competing
for the business. One Of the other
Evening star., 1944-03-17
Case Of Girl Burned
To Death Nears Jury

BY the Associated Press.
GRAND RAPIDS, Mich, Mar. IT.
the case expected to reach
the jury this afternoon, prosecuting
attorneys announced today they
would not ask for a first-degree
murder verdict against David Filgas
16-year-old Greenville high school
student charged with the death OF
a girl companion one year his
senior.
Kent County Prosecutor Menso
r. Bolt said he would leave 1t to
the jury to determine the degree of
guilt. Michigan law makes no pro-
vision for capital punishment, first
degree murder carrying a manda-
tory sentence of life Imprisonment.
Filgas is accused of killing pretty
Patricia Winters after what he de-
scribed as "necking" and drinking
party in his fathers automobile
along a country road near the girls
home in Gowen the night of De-
cember TO- The girls charred body
was removed from the dame-swept
car the next morning.
On the stand yesterday, Filgas
testified that he felt terrible" about
his girl friends death, and said he
had no reason to burn the car or
to injure her"
After the jury had viewed the
death car, Circuit Judge William B.
Brown set three-hour limit on
today's closing arguments.
Evening star., 1944-03-17
Suspect Found Guilty
OF Robbing Navy Officer

After celebrating approximately
four hours, a District Court jury
last night found Homer A. Fur, 80,
guilty of robbing 1t. Wallace L.
Douglas, U. S. NJ, last July in the
latter's apartment in the Woodley
Park Towers Apartments, which
the officer shares with Representa-
tive Costello, Democrat, of Cali
fornia.
Furr was accused of taking a $40
camera and So in cash. Two men
said to have accompanied Furr at
the time of the robbery have never
been identified and remain at large.
The three were said to have forced
their way into the apartment be-
tween 3 and 4 am. when 1t. Doug
las opened the door in response to
a knock.
Representative Costello, who was
out of the city at the time of the
robbery, was called to the stand
yesterday by the prosecution. He
testified he had known Furr for
about four years and that the de-
fendant had visited the apartment
8 or 10 times. Furr always had been
we'll behaved when he was there,
Mr. Costello said.
1t. Douglas testified he suffered
rib fracture and head cut at the
time of the robbery. Furr was
prosecuted by Assistant United
States Attorney Cecil r. Hef1in.
Evening star., 1944-03-17
Historical Society Marks
5Oth Anniversary April Il

The Columbia Historical Society
will observe its 50th anniversary
April IL at dinner in the main
ballroom Of the Mayf1ower Hotel
F. Regis Noel, president, announced
today.
At meeting held last night by
officers and managers of the society
to formulate plans for the affair, a
message commencing the observance
was received from Theodore W.
Noyes, editor of The Star and the
only surviving charter member OF
the organization. Mr.. Noyes said
that a proper observance was "a
very worthy undertaking.
Miss Jane Walsh was elected cor
responding secretary Of the society
at the meeting, and Walter M. Bas-
tian was elected parliamentarian
Municipal Court Judge George D
Nelson, Arthur p. Drury. James e
Colliflower and Joseph c. McGar-
raghy were elected to the Board OF
Managers.
George L. Sioussat, chief Of the
Manuscript Division of the Library
of Congress, will address meeting
of the society at 8:15 pm. next We'd
nesday at the Mayflower Hotel. His
subject will be Mr.. Jefferson Amidst
His Hooks" The public Is invited.
Evening star., 1944-03-17


hear testimony from Joseph E.
Maddy, president of the National
Music Camp at Interlochen, from
which school broadcasts were first
banned by Mr.. Petrillo, president of
the American Federation of Musi-
clans, in 1912.
Senator Clark said Mr.. Maddy had
sent copies Of an article from the
January issue of the International
Musician, an official union organ, in
which Mr.. Petrillo's control over
recordings and broadcasting by
union musicians was discussed.
The article, Mr.. Maddy asserted,
referred to the long fight to lift the
ban, including Justice Department
court fights, and the investigation
by the Clark Committee into a pro-
hibition against recordings and
added:
However, when all the shooting
was over and we came to the sum-
mer of 1943, there was no Inter-
lochen High School student or
chestra on the air. Nor was there
In the year 1943 any other school
band or orchestra on the networks
and there never will be without the
permission of the American Fed
Grafton of Musicians"
Mr.. Maddy added that he was not
involved in the controversy between
Mr.. Petrillo and the broadcasting
companies and certain record COM
panies, now before the War Labor
Board,
Evening star., 1944-03-17

He telephoned his parents in
Philadelphia and said they both
just sputtered at each other when
they heard my voice."
The plane was on a propeller test
mission at attitudes up to 10000 feet.
Seeing a hole in the overcast at
10000 feet, we decided to 60 up to
finish our tests" but the hole closed
in and 1--WE were flying on instru-
ments," 1t. Crane said.
Trouble developed and "Hoskins
gave the order for all hands to bail
out" 1t. Crane saw Sergt. Pompeo
bail out, but 1t. Hoskins was still
aboard when 1t. Crane jumped and
he thinks one of the others jumped
at the same time he did.
II saw only Sergt. Pompeo's chute
open. The ship caught fire at about
5000 feet and I heard it explode
when it hit the ground" He did
not see any of his mates after he
hit the ground.
Evening star., 1944-03-17
Washington Produce

From the War Food Administration.
Prices paid net fob. Washington:
EGGS-Market steady. Receipts light.
Prices nominally unchanged. Prices paid
for Federal-State graded eggs received
from grading stations March II Whites
U. S. grade A, large, 81; U. S. grade A,
medium, ~; U. S. grade B. large, 1886;
saverase ayers s. 81 BTowns1U 8 grade A.
S. grade B, large. 34-35; average. 34Ha;
q: S. grade B, medium, 27 U. s. grade c,
27. Current receipts-Nearby ungraded
eggs whites and mixed colors, 3O-31.
LIVE POULTRY-Market firm. Re-
ceipts liberal. Prices paid net fob
Washir gton. Permitted Transportation
charges included accordinsto mileage
Broilers and fryers 2Sh-30; fowl. 26h-
2S; roosters. 1920.
Evening star., 1944-03-17
Rore-Type Blood Sought
To Save Injured Youth

An appeal for blood donors with
type or 2-B blood has been made
by officials of the Alexandria Hos
pital to help save the life of an 18-
year-old youth stricken with oste-
omyelitis as the result of an injury
Raymond Lawrence Bayne. son of
Mr.. and Mrs. Mack c. Bayne, 1903
Duke street, Alexandria, was in
jured while at work, May %, when
struck by a ladder.
Young Bayne was patient in the
Alexandria Hospital from the time
of his injury until August and was
forced to return for two operations
last week
His physician, DR.. Allen Ferry.
said yesterday that several donors
have offered help, but since the
blood Is of a rare type, he asked
that all persons willing to give blood
notify the hospital.
Evening star., 1944-03-17
Sailor Safe After AidInq
Others in Fleeing Jap Camp
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
SEATTLE, Mar. 17.-An Ameri-
can sailor who escaped from jap
anese prison camp In the Philip
pines is safe again after returning
to the camp vicinity to help hberate
other American war prisoners, his
mother, Mrs. l.. E. jackson of Seat
tie, reported last night.
The sailor is Jopaul Little, 20, ord
nanceman. Sd class, who had been
reported missing in action on Cor
regidor. He had been held prisoner
"a months.
Word that he had escaped was
brought to Mrs. Jackson three weeks
ago III sealed message from the
Navy Bureau of Navigation.
Evening star., 1944-03-17
Fisher Pleads Not Guilty
In Cathedral Staying

Julius Fisher, colored, 81, was ar
raigned in District Court today be-
fore Justice Matthew F. Mcclure on
a charge of flrst-degree murder in
the Staying, March 2, of Miss Cath
crime Cooper Reardon, 37-year-old
assistant librarian at Washington
Cathedral, where Fisher had been
employed as handyman.
Fisher, who remained impassive
through the proceedings, pleaded
not guilty after he had asked in
structions of the court. His attor-
ney, Charles H. Houston, was not
present.
He was indicted March 6 on six
counts charging murder. No trial
date has been set.