davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Arkansas State press., 1944-04-07
by Mrs. Tom Jones
Phone 250

Mr., and Mrs, Alfine Jones
dining room was the center of at
traction Wednesday evening when
then entertained Mr.. and Mrs,
John Whaley of Chicago and Mrs.
Ernestine Jones Dixson of st.
Louis, Mo, Guests included
Madames b. Douglas, f. Walton,
l. Foster. p. Branton, j, Hamil-
ton Jones. The hostess was
dressed in a lovely dinner gown.
After dinner bridge vas played, =,
Mrs. Pauline Branton was hos
tess at her home Monday evening
when she entertained in honor of
Mrs. Ernestine Jones Dixon and
Mr.. and Mrs. John Whaley. . =.
Mrs. b. l.. Douglas entertained
with a theatre party when eight
ladies journeyed to a popular
theatre. . Mrs. o. Y, Freeman
hp taen rhut in for the past
= q birthday party honor
in their daughter, Helen, vas
given by Mr.. and Mrs, Earnest
Gordon at 1902 Mo. St, when
fifteen YOUNGSTERS enjoyed two
hours Of games md delicious re-
lreshments. Word was receiv-
ed Of the death of Mrs. Matte
Wilborn. the sitter Of Mrs. V. v.
Green, 5000 Prairie St. Chicago,
III. The Linten Tea given by
the Women Auxiliary of st. An
drew Church, met at the home of
Mr.. and Mrs. Tin Price. 1920 w.
Sculll st. Mrs. Carrie Powell
former resident and merchant
here. is visiting friends from Mil
waukee, Wisconsin, M. W..
Phillips of 1908 Missouri St, left
Sunday for Greenville, Miss, on
a business trip. Allen Temple
AME Church--Visitors for the
morning services were Mrs. Nell
lie Edwards Of st. Peter Rock
Church, Mrs. Sallie Tate of War
rem and Nathaniel Nickhol of
Pleasant Grove. Among sick
members are Minnie Zell Jack
son. Mrs. Fannie Ingram, Maggie
Ford and Miss Estella Wright.
Guest soloist for the morning ser
vice was Mr.. Mitchell of st.
John Church. The pastor and a
few members visited Cherry st.
Church during a quarterly con-
ference, Sunday afternoon, An
Easter pageant is scheduled for
Sunday morning at $50 a. m.
Rev. j. II. Ellis. pastor OF the
M f Cchurch is scheduled for
principal speaker during Holy
Week which began Monday. . =.
New Jerusalem Bapt. Church
dolores Woodruff) Rev. e.
Morgan brought the morning e
mon to a large crowd Sunday. A
prominent minister of Greenville,
Miss. Is scheduled to preach Eas-
ter morning.
Arkansas State press., 1944-04-07
BEST INFORMED SOLDIER IN THE WORLD

"Not just the best trained sol
der in the world, or the best
equipped. but the best informed
soldier in the world reads the cap.
tion on the blackboard Of this bas-
relief layout Of the European
theater of war created by Corporal
Ralph Temple Of the Greenwood
(Miss.) Army Air Field. This Ex-
hibit was conceived by Corporal
Temple as a visual aid for use in
orientation l4ctures on the subject
"Why We Fight"
Arkansas State press., 1944-04-07

torney, as "Uncle Harold for
two days after he came back to
his desk, he received a telegram
from his brother, DR.. Cleon A.
Flowers. of Hubbard Hospital,
Nashville, Tennessee, announcing
the birth of Cleon A. Flowers Jr.,
The mother, Mrs. Martha r..
Flowers. had brought forth "the
General the infants nickname,
| neasy fashion, in the hospital
where her husband was com
pleting his internship. The en-
tire Flowers and Raspberry fam
lilies were happy, for truly to
them had been born "a King of
the Jews" At least that is
what Grandma Beulah Flowers,
Of Stamps. thought; for she
journeyed to Nashville under the
guise of illness and checked in
the hospital bed as soon as
Martha checked out. Grandma
was pronounced In fair condi-
ton after two weeks of examina-
tions. Well, she got we'll easily
when it made her proud to hear
over the hospital loud-speaker.
CDR. Flowers. wanted on emerg-
eng" I just love the Flow
ers family, of course. for I'm
on the payroll, VIII tell you this
and We'll pass on to things
which will make you reel and
rock; gasp and shout. Uncle
Harold will be leaving Arkan-
sas soon; and very damn quick,
if and when Washington will or
der the drafting OF 4-F's in labor
battalions. His borther, Cleon
will follow some sweet day. but
until that time he Is likely to be
on the staff at McRae Sanatorium
at Alexander. Now, about the
Boss's wife. Mrs. Ruth G. Flow
ers, she will spend her Easter
vacations getting ready for law
school examinations, but she and
the Boss will spend thirty days
In cool Colorado when the sun Is
hottest. Now, that's all for
the Boss this week, but next
week, he's coming through with
something sensational.
FACTS AND FACES - PEO-
PIE AND PLACES - Lorraine
Sweet, too" Mcintosh Hobson,
wife of Charles Hobson, both
former students of A. M. & N.
College, but now living in Beloit,
Wisconsin, is visiting with her
aunt, Mrs. Ruth Brandon at her
East 21st Street home. Mrs.
Hobson will remain here for an
indefinite stay visiting with her
friends. . Miss Earnestyne
Shaw, Of the Collingsworth-Jef-
ferson Beauty School, is prepar-
ing to take the Ohio Cosmetology
Board exams very shortly. She
will return to Dayton where she
was employed in a war plant
prior to her recent return here.
Her father. Captain Frank S..
Shaw, former pastor Of Allen
Temple, is now stationed at Fort
Knox. Kentucky. DR.. Albert
Dumas, well known Natchez
physician, is visiting with his
friends, Mr.. and Mrs. A. A. Mazi-
que, at the Lions Den. james
L. oliver, the Leonard Custom
tailor, from Jackson, Mississippi,
is here taking the Spring orders.
I think my Boss buys, for he's
dressing up this year for some
thing big. . Miss Charley Mae
Scott is wearing an engagement
ring. the $4,000 question is
who done it???? Butler, or
David? Play on your harp little
David! But, Miss Scott is on her
way to North Carolina and she
will bypass Atlanta, and 1t Will be
curtains" for Little David. . g.
Bruce Shropshire, M. O. P. agent,
was in town last week distribut-
ing desk blotters with a map OF
the U. s. and particular emphasis
Evening star., 1944-12-06

equal terms, with supervision and traf-
nc control in the hands of an interna-
tional board. Criticism might be made
OF the proposed composition of such
board, but that does not affect the es-
sential issue, which, in the last analysis
is open door or monopolies in aviation
Subsequently dispute has arisen re-
garding freedom of press communica-
tions throughout the world. Kent Coop
er, president of the Associated Press
has claimed the right to sell the news
collected by A. P. correspondents in
every country everywhere. This has
been contested by the London Econo-
mist which claims that such a priyi-
lege would lead, by virtue of American
financial superiority, to American domi-
nation OF world news. But the only al
tentative to this is that the A. P and
other news agencies, while collecting
news throughout the earth, should be
able to distribute that news outside the
United States only by arrangements
made with other news agencies such as
Reuters.
This preSuppoSes cartel world, which
is the natural concomitant OF a world
divided into political spheres of in
fluence.
Indeed. in the sphere of news, the mat
ter is of great political consequence.
A. P. and U. P. are unique in their COM
plete independence of the United States
Government. A news agency, particu-
larly If it is an instrument of national
policy, and exercises a monopoly of
world news in the newspapers of any
country, is powerful force for molding
public opinion. 1t Is a necessary instru-
ment for creating sphere of influence
On the other side, the open door idea
is an instrument for presenting various
facets of every issue. There is no valid
reason why the newspapers of all
countries should not be able to exercise
the right of choice between A. p,
Reuters and any other news service
that wants to enter the field. Nor will
financial power alone be decisive A
world news service certainly costs a
minimum of money, but the most expen-
slve is not necessarily the best.
released by the Bell Syndicate. Inc.)
Evening star., 1944-12-06
Strasbourg and Goethe e


To the Editor OF The Star:
With much interest l read your edi-
torial about the history of the capital
of Alsace-Lorraine, recently liberated
by the Allies.
1t will interest your readers. and
especially the soldiers among them
that the most powerful of all the Habs-
burg emperors, Charles V, who as King
of Spain ruled over vast parts of this
country, once said about that city hat
in case Vienna and Strasbourg were
threatened, as Vienna was in his times
by the Turks 1529), he rather would
sacrifice Vienna than the strategically
more important Strasbourg.
Strasbourg was the first great French
city to be entered by the new French
crown princess, the archduchess Ma
ria Antonia of Austria, later the un-
happy Queen Marie Antoinette. Her
"entree joyeuse" was witnessed and
described by her great contemporary,
the then law student Goethe, who even-
tually graduated from the university
1t is a not too we'll Unknown fact that
the greatest German writer received at
that time an offer to teach law at the
University of Strasbourg and to enter
the French public service More than
80 years later Napoleon, after the con-
quest of Germany, proposed Goethe a
similar position at the imperial French
court. DR.. ROBERT RE.
Evening star., 1944-12-06
Changing Strategy in Asia

The rapidly worsening military
situation in China emphasizes a
reconsideration of that countrys
role in the war against Japan. This
reconsideration has been envisaged
by military minds ever since last
spring, when the great japanese
offensive got rolling with the avowed
aim to cutting China in twain and
establishing an overland line of
communications between Japans
original mainland bases in Korea
and Manchuria and it's wartime con-
quests in Southern Asia from French
Indo-China to Burma and Singa-
pore.
The virtual attainment of that
primary objective has enabled the
Japanese high command to lift it's
sights, so that its present aims are
to cut the Burma road deep inside
China and then to march on Chung
king, Free China's capital This i'm
pending threat is emphasized in a
recent dispatch from Chungking
stating that "the next sixty days
might determine whether China
would be knocked out of the war"
When the Chinese censorship passes
words like that, the situation must
indeed be grave.
Perhaps that crowning disaster
can be averted by last ditch Chinese
resistance. Yet, even so, it is hard
to envisage the truncated, weakened
and disorganized remnant of Free
China as playing the part originally
assigned it in overall Allied strategy
as major land base for the war
against Japan and as major source
of trained manpower equipped by
Allied aid to the same end. This
implies that the defeat of Japan
will have to be accomplished from
other directions and ir other ways.
The logical alternative is what may
be termed triphibious Strategy
coordination of Allied sea, land and
air power directed first against
Japan's outlying island approaches
and ultimately against the home
archipelago itself.
The most promising spearhead for
such process that we now possess
is the Mariana Island group with its
twin bases of Saipan and Guam.
They lie about 1,50O miles from
Tokyo, just within effective bombing
range for our giant B-29s. The
Marianas are the first rungs in an
island ladder which runs north
ward through the Bonin, Volcano
and Izu Island groups right up to
Tokyo Bay. Two other island
ladders exist. These are the Ryukyu
Evening star., 1944-12-06

chain due south of the japanese
Archipelago and the Kurile chain
due north of it, Those are the
logical objectives for triphibious
operations similar to those at Saipan
and Guam. Once key links in those
chains are in our hands, intensive
and continuous air bombardments
of the Japanese homeland would
become possible on scale analogous
to that waged against Germany. The
resultant weakening of Japan, even
though not decisive in itself, would
soften the homeland for ultimate
invasion, while the correlative loss
of the Philippines and Formosa
would sever its sea communications
with its southern conquests. Mean
while China might be reorganized
as japanese power waned, and could
conceivably play a part in the later
stages of Japan's undoing.
Evening star., 1944-12-06
On the Record
BY Dorothy Thompson

Controversies have arisen within the
United Nations ranks, and it is difficult
to understand such specified questions
as the future of air communications or
the distribution of news around the
globe, unless We see them in relation to
a basic principle. Yet these cases il
lumine a cardinal principle of Ameri-
can policy-that of the open door,
which is opposed to imperialism and to
the monopolization of parts of the earth
for the interests of cartels or individual
powers.
For us there are only two alternatives
to this policy: American imperialism
open use of our power to enter into this
game ourselves-or artificial self-re-
striction and isolationism
The latter is not in balance with our
industrial growth. So it boils down in
reality to imperialism or the open door
At the end of this war we could be
dangerous rivals in the imperialistic
scramble. But no American wishes us
to take that direction. And no American
moving within all nations can recon-
democratic trend
The open-door policy originated in our
relations with Asia. and is particularly
associated with our defense of equal
rights in the China trade 1t halted the
partition of China. which was under way
when we entered the arena. Politically,
the open-door policy works toward self
government for all nations. 1t WESTERN
ICES and modernizes backward nations,
without subiugating them.
But the open-door policy is not mere
ly policy for Asia. And our interests
in the future, and, I believe. the inter-
ests of mankind, demand that we main
tain and enlarge it.
In the air conference there were two
organizational ideas. The one, support
ed mainly by Britain. was an applica-
ton of the sphere of influence idea. Air
communications should be organized to
give special privileges to the lines of
certain nations in certain areas. No
where should there be real competition.
The American idea was that the air
be open to all the United Nations on
Evening star., 1944-12-06
Rebuke to Britain

AT the very least, the State De-
partment's comment on the Sforza
episode is a sharp and undisguiSed
rebuke to the British government.
In all probability it has larger i'm
plications, but it obviously is too
early to determine what they may be-
The British announced their op-
position to the selection of Count
Sforza as Italian Premier or For
eign Minister without consulting us,
although our membership on the
Allied Commission for Italy plainly
called for consultation. The State
Department replied by making pub
lie its rebuke without advance notice
to the British. 1t would be erro-
neous, however to assume that the
action of this Government is eXclu-
sively attributable to the failure of
Britain to observe diplomatic for
malities in the Sforza affair. The
fact is that this wsS merely the
latest in a series of incidents in
which we have not seen eye to eye
with the British on political ques-
tions, and one important effect of
yesterdays statement is to bring
into the open conflict in policy
which has been taking shape under
cover for some months.
With respect to Italy, the State
Departments announcement "re-
affirmed" our expectation that the
Italians shall be permitted ito work
out their problems of government
along democratic lines without in
f1uence from outside" Much more
significantly, however, the statement
added: This policy would apply to
an even more pronounced degree
with regard to governments of the
United Nations in their liberated
territories"
Secretary Stettinius turned aside
all efforts to obtain Qualification of
that cryptic sentence. Apparently,
however, it would apply to Greece,
where British tanks have been sent
into action to uphold the authority
of an interim government. In a
sense, this is influence from the
outside" Are we opposed to that,
and if so how do we propose to deal
with the incipient civil war in
Greece? Furthermore, it would seem
that this broader phase of the state
ment would apply to the Russian
government as well as the British
government, and in that event it
may be interpreted as statement
of American opposition to Soviet
policy in Poland and possibly else
where.
Obviously, much will depend on
whether the statement is intended
merely to define our objectives, or
whether we propose to take affirma-
tive steps in pursuit of those objec-
tives. If the latter is the case, Mr..
Stettinius' first major move as Sec
retary of State, important enough
In any event, becomes charged with
a significance that is hardly less
than sensational.
Evening star., 1944-12-06

of Northeastern Greece. But because
of the Teheran pledges they did not
advance father, although 1t would have
been easy for the massive Russian forces
to enter Greece and trap the Germans
who at that time still had sizable
force in the southern portion of the
Balkan Peninsula.
In the last two years an important
Communist guerrilla force was organiz-
ing In Greece American intelligence
observers reported that this force-some
10000 strong-was likely to cause seri-
Gus trouble to any Allied army-except,
Of course the Russian-if it entered
the country with the view to supporting
the present Greek government in exile
King George II was fully informed of
these developments and became recon-
ciled With the idea of remaining king
without throne
The British government does not in
tend to force him on the Greek people.
But when the Germans evacuated
Greece, Mr. Churchill decided that the
Greek people should have a chance to
express themselves freely about the kind
of government they wished to have and
permitted George Papandreou to re-
turn to Athens as a stop-gap Premier
until elections could be held
The Greek Communists, encouraged
by what was happening in the neigh
boring countries, decided to act quickly.
Taking advantage of the fact that there
still is relatively small number of
British troops in the country, the armed
Communist organizations moved, and
now expect to be able to establish a
Communist government, if not in
Athens, which is under the guns of the
British fleet, in some other section of
the country.
They are being strongly encouraged
by the new spokesman of the Com
munist- Panslav movement in the Bal
kans. Marshal Tito, former member
of the Third Internationale. Tito, who
for a few months had been the protege of
Mr.. Churchill, has not only been estab-
llshed by Moscow as the dictator of
Yugoslavia, but also is organizing the
great Slav federation of the Balkans,
which will include newly established
Macedonian republic with the important
Greek port of Salonika as the capital
This Is against the British interests.
There Is a serious danger that the
Balkan people, who for centuries have
been the pawns of the great powers in
the old game of power politics." may
again become involved in a series OF
conflicts in which their well-being will
be only a secondary consideration. But
even this tragic possibility is of less
consequence compared with the posi-
bility that the rivalry between the two
major continental members of the
United Nations may come to the surface
before Germany has been defeated.
Evening star., 1944-12-06
German Situation in Italv
By Maj. George Fielding Eliot

Despite hard and skillful fighting and
the favorS of weather and terrain, the
situation of the German Army in Italy
grows slowly but steadily worse.
During the past five days the Germans
have contrived to maintain the initiative
in a series of counterattacks south of
Bologna on the front of the Allied 5th
Army. But they did so at the expense
of an advance by the 9Th Army, which
has now brought the right wing of that
army into Ravenna, while its left wing
is closing in around Faenza.
The situation in which Field Marshal
Kesselring now finds himself may be
described as follows:
He is holding a long stretch Of the
foothills of the Etruscan Apennines
facing south, with the Faenza- Bologna
highway directly behind his front. Here
the 5th Army is attacking him through
the main passes of the. Apenn1nes, with
the mountains behind tNem. Hence the
German lateral movemenN are far easier
than ours, and Kesselring gan produce
rapid concentrations to meet our attacks,
and can even, as he has shown, counter
attack and gain ground locally
**
But from Faenza northward( to the
great lagoon called the Vale .di CQmac-
chic, on the Adriatic Coast, KesseEtng
is trying to hold a line almost at right
angles to his Faenza- Bologna froNt.
Here he is being attacked by the 8tR
Army, advancing up the highway tok
ward Bologna, and here the Allied stu
alton grows better with every road
junction on that main highway which
we take, as the connection between our
two armies thus improves and grows
closer.
Nor does Kesselring have any ad-
vantage of terrain here; he can defend
the canals and little rivers which inter-
sect the fiat ground, but these have been
formidable military obstacles only when
the weather Is wet. A period of good
weather, such as now prevails In Italy,
enables our armor to operate, give full
scope to our supporting aviation and
lets us move forward fairly rapidly.
It would seem likely that Kesselring,
with his usual skill at shifting forces to
meet successive difficulties, undertook
the counterattacks on the 5th Army
front In order to improve his positions
Evening star., 1944-12-06

there and rock the 5th Army off balance,
in anticipation of the need of making
a rapid shift of strength to hisi other
front to stop the 9th Army from going
ahead in the coming good weather
period. After all, the Germans have
meteorologists as well as we, and Kessel-
ring must have known that few days
of clearing skies would bring him
critical time on his eastern flank.
But Kesselring must also know that in
the military sense his position is virtual
ly impossible. He has certainly made
the best of his advantages; he has
proven himself by far the most skillful
army commander now serving the lost
cause of Hitler's Third Reich. No man
could have done more with the resources
at his disposal. But he cannot continue
to hold two fronts at right angles to
each other, both of which are being
heavily attacked.
If we break through on either front,
the other is automatically enveloped
and taken in rear KeSselring has
neither the armor nor the transport to
fight great battle of movement on the
open plain, once both our armies get
clear of the mountains And to look
to more immediate considerations, even
comparatively minor 9Th Army ad-
vance from Ravenna westward along the
Ravenna- -Ferrara road would begin to
offer such threat to the German COM
munications that Kesselring would have
to take immediate measures to meet it.
\ 4
\ The point is not that we are about to
see, collapse of the German armies in
ItaIX The point is that on balance
our gains are net gains, that we retain
margin Of advantage with every move
forwarA> and that there must inevitably
come a hame when Kesselring will be
faced with the choice of retreat to the
Alps or the destruction of his armies.
The key poAition in the whole italian
area is F'errafa, the railway junction
through which Kesselring's supplies now,
and through which he must retreat. To
Ferrara, Ravenna WAS 2 strategic OUT
post. Every yard thS 9th Army moves
along the Ravenna-FekTara road must
now be yard which Eauses kessel-
ring the keenest anxiety.A
Copyright. 1s44)