davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Proletarec. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1906-19??, 1944-01-12
FREE PRESS

Up in historic Mount Vernon, New. York, they connemorated the
152nd anniversary of the ratification of the Bill of Rights by honoring
John Peter Zenger, a German immigrant whose sense of justice and
courage 23 years ago launched the campaign for freedom of the press
iii America.
mo five words in the English language mean more to the people
CT America or the world than freedom of the press" pointed out
Wallace OdeI, president of the New York State Newspaper Publishers
Association, in praising Zenger. "They are the keystones of liberty and
without them no people could or would be free"
Granted! But once a journeyman printer could scrape together
enough money from his savings to buy a press and rent empty space.
He gathered the news, wrote the editorials, peddled the paper-and
wrote glorious chapters in the history of freedom.
Once a political or social evangelist could preach his message on
the street corners, in village squares. He could hike across country,
earn his way in town and city, and get his message heard.
Now communication is Big Business. You need a rnulti-mllion
dollar press and access to billion dollar radio stations in order really to
be free to reach the people of the United States
Freedom of the press" means something different in this techno-
nation of thirteen states when the Bill of Rights became part of the
Constiution-The Call.
Proletarec. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1906-19??, 1944-01-12
CAN'T AFFORD III

Three thousand South African
gold mine workers want moro
pay for their hard and unhealthy
job.
They get on the average lbs. Cd.
a week in cash and Us. in food,
free living quarters and medical
service.
The mineoWners say they can
not afford an increase, yet Rand
gold profits last year were G43, $780,
900.
Shareholders received G17,000,-
900, the Union Treasury G27,000,-
900, and the native workers (who
then numbered more than $50, 00O),
G12, SOC, 900.
Daily Herald. 25-8-43.
Proletarec. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1906-19??, 1944-01-12

Il have never heard an import
ant labor leader criticise agricul-
ture. I have heard many farm lead
ers criticise labor. Farmers. if only
from the standpoint of their own
self interest, must be concerned
about labor. Labor makes the far
mer's market. Farm legislation de-
pends upon labor as well as farm
votes. The important thing is that
both of these great groups work to-
gether for their mutual welfare
and in SO doing they will serve the
welfare of the whole nation -
Vice President Henry A. Wallace.
Proletarec. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1906-19??, 1944-01-12

ciams to have unearthed some workers who favor this method for
making the poor shoulder the rich mans tax burden.
AS evidence that widespread sentiment exists for a sales tax. the
Chambers Washington Review reports that "a small, eastern steel
distributing company conducted a poll among its workers which showed
l4 votesf o a 100 retail sales tax"
Remarkable! But wait a minute, this is only half the story. The
report continues with 1T votes for a 1919 increase in the Withholding
tax, and 3 not voting"
In tn words, the workers Wereapparently asked which they pre-
ferred, a 1910 sales tax or a 1919 increase in their withholding tax.
Caught between the devil and the deep blue sea, most of them
evidently decided that a devil of 1919 more locked from their wages
was worse than floundering in a lei of 10% higher living costs.
This incident is typical of the phoney sales tax propaganda. Actual
~ the choice is not between two alternative methods of soaking the
lowest paid. 1t is between taxing the wealthy according to ability to pay,
IF making those least able to pay bear most of the burden through a
sales tax. #
If these workers had been asked if they preferred a 1919 sales tax
% higher taxes O upper incomes and war profits, we don't think the
sales tax would have received a single vote-The CIO News.
Proletarec. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1906-19??, 1944-01-12

already Joined hands to help the
Peoples Liberation movement"
Asked his opinion of the Peter
Pouritch government in Cairo,
Prof. Furlan said he did not expect
its legal position to change before
the Yugoslav people had had a
chance freely to express its own
wishes.
But, he added, ssThe Pouritch
government is already dying a ma
tural death"
Proletarec. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1906-19??, 1944-01-12

Grand jury Takes a Whirl at I'm
holy Mess; State Commissions De-
fled; Shameful Situation in Capital
Various government agencies are
piecing together information which
demonstrates that the liquor indus
try itself is responsible for what a
subcommittee of the Senate Judi
ciary Committee has described as
an 'unholy mess"
Racketeering, black marketing,
a~dulteration and price chiseling
have reached such proportions that
a Federal grand jury has been
called at Washington to determine
whether there is basis for criminal
prosecution.
The so-called Big Four distil-
lers-Hiram Walker and Sons, Sea-
gram and Sons, National DiStillers
Products Corporation and Schen-
ley Distillers Corporation-are
under subpoena by the Department
of Justice to produce records which
are expected to show the extent to
which they dominate the business
The Federal Trade Commission
charged Milton S. Kronheim ano
Son, Washington's largest whole
saler, with taking advantage of the
present liquor shortage to enforce
monopolistic practices"
Some time ago this concern
agreed to pay $500, 900 in fines to
avoid criminal prosecution by the
0. P. A. on price-chiseling charges.
The New York State Liquor
Authority leveled charges OF
boarding against distillers and
wholesalers. 1t declared it was un-
able to obtain stocks, notwithstand-
ing the national supply of bulk
Whiskies would not be used UP for
four and a half years if the aver
age rate at which liquor has been
made available since January /
were maintained. At the reduced
rate now in effect, the Authority
Proletarec. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1906-19??, 1944-01-12
He Was Welcome to 1t

Teacher-What did the Roman
soldiers sometimes receive as a
reward for bravery?
Pupil-Property.
Teacher-Give an example.
Pupil-Horatius kept the bridge.
Proletarec. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1906-19??, 1944-01-12

There are only two powers in the
world, the sword and the pen, and
in the end the former is always
conquered by the Iatter.-Napoleon
Proletarec. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1906-19??, 1944-01-12
Through the Looking Glass


They looked into themselves and
imagined they were studying Yugo-
slavia; it was in their mirrors they
discovered that Mikhailovitch was
the popular leader of Balkan re
sistance.
So | move that next time we
look at what is happening, and
rot try to study the world by its
dim reflection in our secret hearts.
There was a queen once who de-
cided, on the basis of just such a
study, that the poor we're stubborn
for not eating cake. Her tragedy
is not that she went down but that
she never knew what hit her.
Proletarec. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1906-19??, 1944-01-12

| had rather lever receive a kind
mes, than never bestow one. -
Seneca.
Proletarec. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1906-19??, 1944-01-12
OUR BLIND SPOT
Samuel Grafton
In The Chicago Sun

Our first duty to the world we
live in is to know what is going
on in it. And on this score we
have failed dismally in respect to
the Partisans of Yugoslavia. The
plain truth is that we are coming
into that story late in the last
chapter.
The movement happened, and
We did not know it was happen
ing. It grew and we did not know
it was growing.
Proletarec. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1906-19??, 1944-01-12
JOB FOR H HONE
FOLKS

Some Americans are carrying
guns some are flying planes -
some are giving their blood ON
ships at sea. The least the home
folks, a do is to provide those
guns, planes and ships by buying
War Stamps and Bonds.
Proletarec. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1906-19??, 1944-01-12
The 'Furtive Glance

The 'Furtive Glance
To look at the world with one
eye closed, OF over the shoulder
furtively, in perpetual agitation,
rather than to look at it square
and clean and straight, can be good
for none of us, no matter what his
politics.
Even those who dislike move
ments in which Communists par
ticipate should have had a specia
interest in knowing all about the
P~artisans, in seeing them with pre-
cision and accuracy; yet they were
the blindest of all, they were the
most convinced that the Partisan:
were a little band of traitors anc
thieves.
Proletarec. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1906-19??, 1944-01-12

Our Fears
So we come back to the question
of knowing the world we live in
And if fear of radicalism, fear OF
Communism, kept us, not only
from helping the Partisans in the
earlier stage, which is a separate
question, but even from seeing
them, even from knowing the bare
facts of who and what and how
big they were, then we must, with
some sense of danger, examine in
to this matter of our partial vision
of the world.
For if we are going to shape
popular movements, as we fondly
tell ourselves we shall, then we
must see them; and if our fears
keep us from seeing them, we are
not likely to shape them.
Proletarec. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1906-19??, 1944-01-12

ing. III grew ana we old not know
it was growing.
And Now 1t Is So Big
We have been taken by surprise.
The movement was so little, for so
long, and now suddenly it is so big.
1t was a mere speck on the Amer
lean consciousness for two years;
it was a tiny band of bandits; now
we rub our eyes and describe an
army of heroes. 1t was nothing,
now it is everything; it was our
danger, now we call it our hope;
it was the center of disunity, and
now we find in it the promise
of unity. Yesterday we condemned
it without reserve; today we aid
it with eagerness.
I say these surprises are bad
for us, that they reveal somewhere
in us a blind spot and that blind
spots are bad for us.
The question l place before the
house is not whether one should
love the Partisans or hate them;
it is the technical question of why
we did not know more about them.
1t is perhaps a great thing that
we are hep now, that we un-
derstand at last how the Partisans
are holding down more Germans
in Yugoslavia than the Allies are
engaging in Italy, that British and
American air forces are therefore
actually carrying out missions or
dered by Tito far away. Yet it
would have been a greater thing
if we had been hep from the be-
ginning, if, granting the Importance
of this movement, we had shared
in it from the start, instead of
only falling upon it with joyous
shouts and the cry brother, bro
Their, now that it is complete.
Proletarec. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1906-19??, 1944-01-12

Grand Jury Takes a Whirl at I'm
holy Mess; State Commissions De-
fled; Shameful Situation in Capital
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1944-11-18
9Th War Loan Drive Launches
Here Monday, Negro Citizens
Expected to Double Quota
L. j. Brooks, Special Chairman,
Says Drive Is Well Underway

According to Mr.. L. j. Brooks,
special chairman for the Sixth War
Loan Drive, working with the Kinds
County Negro War Finance Com
mittee, of which Mr. Earl Banks is
chairman, this the most important
of all War Loan Drives is well
underway and Jackson and Kinds
County Negroes are urged to buy
more and bigger bonds.
Working with Mr.. Brooks as as
ISOLATION chairman is Prof L. M.
Marshall of the Hill-Reynolds
schools; Miss Essie Haley and Mrs.
Doris Hall are heading the house
toulouse canvass and Messrs. Ches-
ter Owens and Ammons are head
ing the rural committee activities.
The special attention of all War
Bond and stamp buyers is called to
the fact that Peoples Funeral Home
is the only authorized Negro Issu-
ing Agency for Bonds and Stamps
in this section and all patriotic
citizens are urged to buy their
bonds and stamps at Peoples Fun
eral Home.
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1944-11-18
National Food
Situation For
As Same AS IA

The total civilian supply of food
in 1945 is expected to continue
about the same as in 1914, when
per capita civilian consumption has
been at least z per cent above the
pre-war average, 1859. Supplies
of some fruits, turkeys, and beef
may be larger next year, but sup
plies of pork, potatoes, butter, and
perhaps, chicken and some fresh
vegetables may be smaller. Civil
liam food supplies will not be gen.
orally changed by the end of the
European war as non-civilian re-
quirements will continue to take a
substantial proportion of the total
food supplies throughout 1945.
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1944-11-18
Liberty Ship
Honors 3. Williams
Negro Hurnorist

Honoring the name of one of the
great Negro humorists of the Am
erican stage, the Liberty ship, SIS
Bert Williams, 225th cargo vessel to
be built at Todd's New England
Shipbuilding Corporation at South
PORTLAND Maine, slid down the
ways on November 18 into the wat
ers of Casco Bay, the United States
Maritime Commission announced
this week.
The launching ah the SIS Bert
Williams brings to a total of three
the number of Liberty ships launch
ed at the New England Shipbuild-
ing Corporation in memory of out
standing members of the Negro
race. Previously the SIS Robert
L. Vann and the SIS Harriet Tub
man were launched at this yard.
The SIS Bert Williams makes a
total of IA such ships named IN
honor of outstanding Negro Ameri-
cans by the United States Maritime
Commission. Others have been the
SIS Booker 7. Washington, George
Washington Carver, Frederick
Douglass, John Merrick, James We'll
don Johnson, John H. Murphy,
Robert S. Abbot, Paul Laurence
Dunbar, John Hope, Toussaint
L'Overture and Edward A Savoy
The Navy Department has named
a naval vessel, the destroyer escort
Leonard Roy Harmon, in honor OF
Negro mess attendant who re-
ceived the Navy Cross postum
ously for heroic conduct at Guadal-
canal.
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1944-11-18

Prof. w. M. Gordon, mertorious
principal of our state school Of the
Deaf OF the Negro department, left
the city to attend the Atlanta An
nual Conference of the Methodist
church of which his classmate, the
Rt. Rev. Bishop Lorenzo H. King
is the residence Bishop. and which
will convene November 20, De-
cember 8, Atlanta, Ga.
Professor Gordon was invited by
the Bishop, ministers, laymen and
friends to become an invited guest
as their son.
Professor Gordon grew up on
Clark University campus, finishing
all the departments of the univer-
sity. After graduation, he was pro-
lessor of history and mathmatics at
Central Alabama college, Birming-
ham, Ala, under the presidency of
the late Bishop A. P. Camphor.
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1944-11-18
President and Mrs.
Cross Return to
Tougaloo College

After an extended tour of several
weeks in the New England section
of our country on behalf of Tonga
loo college, President Cross along
with Mrs. Cross returned to the
campus a fe wdays ago. That the
students and members of the staff
were glad to see them was quite
evident from the enthusiastic ova-
ton which they received when
they appeared in the chapel assem-
bly,. President Cross expressed him
self as being highly pleased over
the increased enrolment in general
and especially that of the freshman
class
AT special meeting of the IA
Guilty and staff, President Cross in
formed the group that Tougaloo
Colleges share of the funds in the
United Negro College drive
amounted to $17,169.18. He further
stated that one fthe first things
that would be done would be to
give bonus to the faculty and
staff. In connection with his eff
forts to raise funds to build the
new girls dormitory, President
Cross stated that approximately
$4,000 is now on hand for this
purpose.
There are also plans" he said,
for other improvements on the
campus" These plans, which were
presented to the faculty and staff,
had been approved by the board OF
trustees which had met earlier in
the day.
Among the out of state members
present for the board meeting were
Mrs. Lucius r. Eastman and Mr.
Fred L. Brownlee of New York.
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1944-11-18
USDA Estimates
Plenty Christmas
Tree This Year

Christmas trees on December
markets should be enough to sup
ply demands, the Forest Service of
the USDA estimates from reports
sent in from all Christmas tree
producing regions. There will be no
need for many transient vendors
to enter the Christmas trade, as
they did last year. This caused an
over supply and wasted great num-
bers Of trees. Labor shortage is not
expected to hamper the harvesting
of trees much this year.
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1944-11-18
Hub City Soldier
Helps Set Record
In England

An Air Service Command Ord
nance Depot in England-Cpl. Mil
lard H. Logan, son of Mr.. Henry j..
Logan, Rt. 2, Hattiesburg, is mem
Der of a small company of Negro
soldiers who recently set new
record in handling aviation am
muniation at this ordnance depot.
Within nine day period, he
and his fellow soldiers unloaded
from freight cars and re-shipped
by truck over 10000 bombs and
block busters for use by combat
stations of the 9th and 9th Air
Forces.
Every "a hours. long lines of
freight cars loaded with 1000 pound
bombs arrive at this depot direct
from the unloading docks, cranes
are swung over the cars, cables at
tached, and the bombs lifted into
waiting trucks and rushed to their
destination.
In addition to the tons of bombs
received here daily, calroads OF
smaller ammunition such as aerial
machine gun bullets. shells, flares,
smoke bombs and incendiaries are
received and stored until needed.
A graduate of Forest County
framing School, Hattiesburg, Cpl.
Logan was employed as an automo-
bile mechanic in Hampton, Va, be-
fore joining the army in July. 1912.
A brother, Cpl John M. Logan,
is also serving, overseas.
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1944-11-18
Mrs. Eastman
Lectures To
Art Students

Mrs. Lucius R. Eastman, a mem
Der of the board of trustees of
Tougaloo College and a generous
supporter of the work of the in
stitution, was on the campus as the
guest of President and Mrs. Cross
for the meeting of the board of
trustees, which took place Sunday,
November IL.
AS is her custom, Mrs. Eastman
arrived few days in advance of
the meeting to look over the work
of the institution and to enjoy the
fellowship and recreation made
possible at the college.
Mrs. Eastman has Travelled extern
sively and has. become acquainted
with many of the masterpieces of
art in Europe. Not only that, she
has made a study of the works of
several artiss. Thus, it was the good
fortune and privilege of the stu
dents and faculty that Mrs. East
man consented to lecture on Some
examples of Italian art in. the Fiji
teenth Century"
The artists discussed were group
ed under the heading of Architects,
Sculports and Painters. The lecture
was quite effective in that projec-
ton slides were used, giving char
acteristic examples of pieces of
art of the artist under discussion.
1t was felt by many that much of
the art of the Fifteenth Gentry af-
ter all, is not far removed from
much of the present day work.
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1944-11-18
Sec. Brownlee
Speaks At
Tougaloo College

Mr.. Fred L. Brownlee, executive
secretary of the American Mission
airy Association, was at Tougaloo
Sunday, November IL, for the
meeting fthe board of trustees
of the college, which took place in
the afternoon of the same day.
Mr.. Brownlee spoke at the reg
ular morning service of the college
on the subject, How Long Does
1t Take Nations To Grow Up?" The
first point that the speaker de-
veloped under this topic was that
nations cannot grow up until the
people making up the nations grow
up He referred to the case of the
Apostel Paul, who established
many churches and ha dgiven in
structions on how to carry out the
program of these churches, but to
his establishment, those whom he
thought were mature and could
take care of the situation fell to
pickering, contention and dissen-
ton. Thus he had OF write many
letters or epistles.
To bear this point out, attention
was called to the Thirteenth Chap.
ter of First Corinthians: When l
was child, I spake as a child, I
understood as a child, Il thought
as child; but when l became a
man, 1 put away Childish things"
Another point developed by the
speaker was using our capacities to
the fullest extent. In this connec-
ton, Mr.. Brownlee drew on the
story of the talents. The speaker
said that the growing up of the in
dividual is predicted upon definite
accomplishments by the individual
and the application of certain laws.
Among these accomplishments we
must develop self mastery, there
must be mastery of the tools we
use in our civilization which have
been made available to us by sci
ence and invention. Man must con-
troll the machine.
Among the laws which must be
obeyed if we are to grow up are:
the law of respect and reverence
for personality, the law of mutu-
atty, the law of integrity and
justice, and the law of objectivity
We must see things and people
from an objective point of view as
far as possible. In conclusion, the
speaker pointed out that as we grow
we, should shed our infantilism and
the butterfuly sheds its cocoon.
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1944-11-18

Principal of Haven Academy, Way
nesboro, Ca, which was discontin-
ued and transferred, the name
Haven to Meridian Institute, Meri-
dian, Miss. He was transferred by
the board of education of cincin-
natti, Ohio, as professor Of the
science department of Bennett col
lege, Greensboro, N. c., remaining
six years. Was drafted in World
War I and stationed at Camp jack
son, Columbia, S. c. After the
Armistlce, Prof, Gordon entered
business, bein gassociated on the
editorial staff of the Dallas Ex-
press, Dallas, Tex. His father, Rev.
F. NJ. Gordon, member Of the At
lanta conference was organizer of
the Colored School for the Deaf
in Georgia of which he remained
principal up to his death, after
which the board of trustees of the
state of Georgia insisted that his
son. pictured above succeed his
father.
Mr.. Gordon served as president
of the Layman Association of the
Atlanta Conference for nine years,
resigning to the regret of the min
listers and laymen, when he was
elected to the principalship of our
colored Deaf School in Jackson.
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1944-11-18
Rowan Memorial
Fund Completed
By College Alumni

Alcorn = In a brief session of
the Alumni Associationof HI
the Alumni Association of Alcorn
A. and M. College last week j. H.
Mosley, president, announced Of
ficially that the drive had ended
for raising funds to erect a mem
orial to the late Leve j. Rowan, an
alumus and president of the col
lege for rs years until his death
in June, 1884.
According to w. B. Nelson, exc
cutive secretary, the contract for
the erection on the campus of a
life size bronze statute of DR.. 10
wan has been let to the A. j. Mar
tin Company Of Vicksburg. Work
on the $1,000 project is being de-
layed because of the difficulty OF
securing priority ratings for criti-
cal materials.
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1944-11-18
Mail Released

Families of soldiers engaged in
operations of the Philippines will
soon be receiving patches of mail
that have been delayed for security
reasons during the period preced-
ing the invasion of these islands.
Some 100000 letters and a large
number of parcels were impounded
This mail originated with units now
enaged in American army opera
tons in the Philippines. Some of the
letters date as far back as last
July.
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1944-11-18
An-Negro Mission
Doctors-Nurses
Goes to Liberia

An all-Negro mission of eleven
Americans, including physicians, en-
gineers, entomologists and nurses,
soon will launch a five-year health
and sanitation program in Liberia,
West Africa, the Public Health
Service of the Federal Security
Agency, announced today. The
mission was created by the Public
Health Service in cooperation with
the State and War Departments at
the direction of President Roose-
welt. The president, it was ex-
planed, acted at the request of the
Liberian government.