davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1944-07-04
The Political Mill
Bv Gould Lincoln

Two weeks hence the Democrats will
be on the eve Of their national conven-
ton. Today the Democrats have not
heard directly from President Roosevelt
that he will run again. The same sit
uation existed in 1910, two weeks be-
fore the President said he would ac-
or may not tell his followers his de-
cision about q fourth term nomination
until the Democratic convention Is ac-
tually underway.
II he wants the nomination, 1t Is
his He does not have to worry about
that He might worry about another
election. An certainly no man has had
as much reason as the President to wish
release from the arduous job he has
after approximately II years.
The fact remains, however, that he
Is still to make 4 formal statement re-
sarding his future political plans. He
may feel that he cannot with propriety
say whether he will accept a nomina-
ton until 1t has actually been rendered
him. But If he has no plan to run for
the presidency again, he Is late In dis
closing his attitude. Certainly . sud-
den declination, made to the delegates
assembled in Chicago would bring about
a chaotic situation. No other candidates
have been brought forward.
So 1t Is taken for granted that the
President will permit his name to go
before the coming convention and that
he will accept its decision. Recent visi-
tors at the White House, without quot
ing Mr.. Roosevelt. have come away in
sisting he will be candidate. Many
weeks ago. Democratic National Chair
man Hannegan said natly he believed
the President would run.
The Republicans. having nominated
their national ticket-Dewey and
Bricker-and written their party plat
form, are awaiting the results Of the
Democratic convention. Their cam
paign and It's character will depend on
the Democratic nominee and the
Democratic platform. All Of their
platform AL Of their speeches, in
cluding those at the recent Republican
National Convention. have been written
in the belief that Mr.. Roosevelt will run
again If at the last minute, new
Evening star., 1944-07-04

enough. Apparently our Dritish and
American forces have everything
they need to win over the whole
peninsula, 10 that II the Nazis really
commit themselves to . showdown
test Of arms In an effort to contain
US, they may be so shattered as to
make possible q swift Allied advance
deep into France toward such great
objectives as lie Havre and Paris.
Lacking appreciable air support
and having to worry about possible
Allied landings elsewhere. the Nazis
appear to have more than they can
handle In the British around Caen
and in our new American offensive.
The battle of the Normandy PENN
sula, In fact, seems to be shaping up
rapidly into the battle of France.
Once our forces are able to pour out
OF their present confined combat
area into the big broad maneuver-
able country, events are likely to
move very fast and decisively.
Evening star., 1944-07-04

presidential nominee should be trotted
out. the Republicans would amend their
campaign plans materially.
Far more delegates to the coming
Democratic National Convention have
been Instructed" for President Roose-
welt than were instructed" for Gov.
Dewey before the Republican conven-
ton. Yet the draft" of Mr. Dewey was
accomplished with ease. Gov. Dewey,
like the President, had never said per-
sonaly he would accept nomination.
But some Of his closest political friends
and advisers went to Chicago. the con-
vention city and issued statements de-
claring their belief the New York Gov
ernor would run If nominated.
It remains to be seen whether the
draft of President Roosevelt for fourth
term nomination can be obtained with
as great unanimity as was the draft
Of Mr.. Dewey. Delegations from some
OF the Southern States. especially
Texas, Mississippi and South Carolina,
are inimical to a fourth term. Indeed,
ton Of Mr.. Roosevelt but also against
his reelection is threatened in the
South.
X Il
That the draft of Mr.. Roosevelt
will 60 through. unless he halts it, Is
certain. But there are drafts and drafts.
His draft" in l940 met with opposition
in the Democratic convention His own
former chief political lieutenant, James
A. Farley was strongly opposed to a
third term nomination Mr.. Farley Is
still opposed to Presidents having
more than two terms in the White
House. 1t is expected he will have part
in any attempted inSurrection against
the denomination Of the President that
crops up.
II the President is renominated, two
New Workers. one . former Governor
and the other the present Governor.
will toe the mark in the presidential
race. This recalls the 1870 contest, be-
tween Ohioans, one the late President
Harding and the other former Gov.
Cox. In that presidential campaign
Franklin d. Roosevelt was the vice.
presidential candidate on the Demo-
cratic ticket with Mr.. Cox.
Evening star., 1944-07-04
Philippine Prospect

In two joint congressional resolu-
tions just signed by President Roose-
welt, the United States has set forth
a clear-cut program respecting the
independence Of the Philippines and
future Filipino-American co-opera-
ton.
Under the policy enunciated by
these resolutions, the people of the
Philippines-in addition to receiving
our help in the difficult task of re-
construction, and presumably also
In meeting the novel foreign trade
problems that will arise when they
are on their own will become
wholly self-governing as soon as
possible after the Japanese are
driven out and order and normal
constitutional processes are restored.
With the way our forces are now
advancing in the Pacific, this means
that the Filipinos may become a new,
sovereign nation even before July 4,
1916, the date which Congress estab-
hshed for their independence prior
to the attack on Pearl Harbor. The
policy further provides that the
United States will be permitted to
acquire not only naval bases and
fueling stations in the islands but
air and land bases as well. This
provision is obviously aimed at
guaranteeing mutual protection and
establishing long term peace in this
most vital area of the Pacific.
In effect, the program for freeing
the Philippines and setting up
American bases there is largely an
extension Of the principle long gov
erning our relations with Cuba.
where, under treaty and leasing
arrangements, we have for decades
maintained the Guantanamo Naval
Base, a key part of our Caribbean
defense system. Presumably our
agreements with the Filipinos,
though encompassing more and in
volving greater strategical signifl-
canoe, will be Of much the same
order. Beyond that, they will con-
stitute an instructive illustration of
how effective collective security can
be when based on the degree of good
will and mutual trust existing be-
tween the United States and the
Philippines. Not least of all they
will demonstrate how small powers
do not surrender their sovereignty,
but rather insure it, when they CO.
operate with big powers against
active or potential aggressors.
The Philippines have fought val
iantly with us for liberty, and though
they suffer the Japanese tyranny at
the moment. the day of their deliver
ance Is coming. That is our pledge
to them, ana our armed power is
even now striking in the Pacific to
hasten It's fulf1llment. All America
cheers the prospect OF their inde-
pendence and looks forward to long
years Of fruitful collaboration with
them in maintaining a good and
lasting peace
Evening star., 1944-07-04
Green Brethren

No ttDo In all the forest are the same:
One oak. Uith bushy limbs and stall
tDart bole,
Looms calmly a. q taith- protected soul,
With rooted courage and NnJaltsrimg
aim;
And one stores ,Drily with Q hunch.
back frame.
T,pisted and tortured phsrs the
storms take toll,
So that It's anguish, on the bramch-
streDH knoll,
Seems almost audibls tphen the ,Diads
srclaiM.
And one, tall-armed Dhers vallsys
dream and dro,pse,
Stands like btahop praying: one re-
calls
4 osps-bou~d eaptivs under high rock
tpalls,
And one Q ehsttsrins host uhsrs joys
cdfOuSe.
Sor these green people. though thsis
lips be shy.
Differ smone thsmselpes a. yol and I.
STANTON A. CoBLENrz.
Evening star., 1944-07-04
AWiser Policy

IL Is encouraging to note the
abandonment, at the United Nations
Monetary and Financial Conference
of a policy which proved to be so
dismal "a failure at the Hot
Springs International Food Con-
ference. This was a policy, an
nounced at the outset by the Presi-
dent, under which the reporters
were to be isolated from the dele
gates and given only such news as
those IN charge thought they were
entitled to have. Naturally, more
stories were written about the at
tempts to suppress the news than
about the conference itself and
Marvin Jones, chairman of the
meeting, finally took the matter into
his own hands and restored the
rights normally enjoyed by news
paper representatives.
At Breton Woods there has been
a different attitude. Secretary
Morgenthau has told the CORE
spondents they were not only well
come but were counted on to MAX.
the conference success by report
ing its activities fully. "You people
make or break the conference.-the
we want you to make it," he said
HIS wisdom in this respect will yield
dividends and it is assumed that
tnis policy. instead Of the other
Will prevail in future international
gatherings, of which the food and
money conferences are merely the
first.
Evening star., 1944-07-04
This Changing World
By Constantine Rro,rn

agree to accept the Chinese Communists
In his government On an equal basis.
Chang u eminently Q military man.
Politics Is only q byproduct. He may
have no reason to believe he would OBJ
tain the necessary military assistance
and the desperately needed supplies by
any course other than his present one.
He Is reported to feel that the present
Japanese drive toward his capital was
made possible only by the transfer Of
first class divisions from the Man
churian- Siberian frontier after 4 new
agreement regarding Sakhalin was
signed between Moscow and Tokyo, and
that hid the Chinese Communists
meant to help the cause of China they
would not have acted In such q manner
as to compel him to keep some OF his
best divisions on the Sinkiang border
facing the well-organixed and we'll
equipped Communist route armies.
~
The successes of 1t. Gen. Joseph w.
Stilwell's forces in Burma have acted
70 far - . palliative to keep the gen.
eralissimo hopeful. But Chang has
fought the japanese for seven years
There were times when he could have
arranged an agreement with Tokyo on
favorable terms. II not for China 1T least
for himself. Had he done 50 he could
still be in Nanking or Peipinp TODAY.
But he preferred to espouse the views
of the Allies and joined them when the
war broke out In full fury. The set
backs We and the British suffered orig
inally in the Far East did not deter him
from remaining our associate.
The ChinASe AryniAs and the Fst,}pA As>
people, used to hardships, have suffered
more than any other member of the
United Nations. Now Chang appears
confronted with the choice of appeas-
ing his old enemies-the Communists
has placed everything over a period of
Evening star., 1944-07-04
Victory of Minsk
By Maj. George Fielding Eliot

Of escape directly west from Minsk
The Germans were therefore for all
practical purposes. completely surround
ed. They were squeezed ever more
tightly into small area around Minsk,
where the confusion and congestion
must have assumed frightful propor-
tions. The German army group Of tho
center may well have become . dis
organized mob which became impossible
to control at all.
It is also interesting to note now care
fully the Russian high command pro-
vided against possible German interfer-
ence on their exposed northern flank.
The first Baltic army group Of Gen.
Bagramian pushed rapidly westward,
north of the main battle area. 1t will
be noted that the great Russian ad-
vance from Vitetbsk had hardly started
when Gen. Bagramian was discovered
southwest of Polotsk, cutting OF any
German counterthrust by way Of the
Polotsk- Molodechno line. Then, as the
main Russian thrusts went farther west,
50 did Gen. BagraInianis hank guard,
threatening both Dvinsk and Wilma and
making any German attempt to move
southvard across his front = most perl
lous enterprise.
Thus the Russians have exploited to
the full both their possession of the
initiative and their superior numbers.
Their strategy Is Of the classic order;
they adhere to the old and tried prin-
ciples Of concentration, Offensive action,
mobility, surprise and security. And
they have once more proved that ad-
herence to these principles is the key
to victory in modern warfare as well as
in the days of Alexander and Hannibal.
What the fruits Of that victory will
be we do not know as this column goes
to press. 1t may take some time to as
seas the total destruction which has
been wrought upon the broken German
forces Of the central front, 1t Is not,
of course, Minsk itself that Is really I'M
portant; the German Army is, now q
always, the objective of all Russian Of
fensive operations. 1t is altogether DOS
sible that when the results are fully
known the victory of Minsk will assume
greater proportions than even that Of
StalingTad. It offers the brightest
prospects for the future and it has cer-
tainly brought nearer the end Of the
long and bloody struggle against Ger
man deapotism.
toepyrisht. 1914. Nsv York Tribune. 1nsy
Evening star., 1944-07-04
Victory at Minsk

The Red Army's recapture of
Minsk, almost three years to the
day after its fall to the Nazis,
dramatically symbolizes the COM
plete bankruptcy of Hitler's adven-
ture in the East, depriving him of
his last major stronghold in Russia
and making Germany's overall
position more desperate than at any
time since the start Of the war.
Perhaps the most significant
Evening star., 1944-07-04

The Japanese armies, despite unfavor.
able developments In the islands guard
Ing Japan proper. are continuing to
hammer the Chinese forces.
Generalissimo Chang Kai-shek Is los
ing men and territories. His hold on
the unoccupied territories Of the vast
republic is dwindling with every new
military defeat.
Despite our victories in the South and
Central Pacific, there Is little prospect
that Chang will be able to receive
substantial supplies and reinforcements
from the United States In the near
future. The quantities flown over "the
hump" are drop in the bucket. The
internal situation In Unoccupied China
Is bad and the prospects of opening the
Burma road are far away.
II the Chinese generalissimo could
hold on until next year when we expect
to administer some death blows on the
Japanese. the concern of high Ameri-
can ofncials regarding the future OF
China would be alleviated. The ques-
ton Is how long he can hold on.
Vice President Wallace, who was re-
ceived with the customary courtesies
due the second highest ranking man in
the United States, obviously could not
of1er much comfort to the generalissimo.
He may have discussed with him the
possibility of coming to terms with the
Chinese Communists, or the advantages
to be derived from much closer asso-
citation with the Moscow government.
y \
This was not possible in the past be-
cause Moscow is not particularly friend
V to Chang and the Kuomintang. The
head OF the Chinese republic fought the
Communist movement in China even
before he began to fight the Japanese.
1t appears to those who have been
following the political developments of
ChunGking that Chianx would never
Evening star., 1944-07-04
II Duce Held Out
From Your Life,

FTOm xouT Lille.
An italian prisoner Of war. working
on q peanut ranch In the South. re-
Gently conhded to the owner that Nus-
solini had told them they soon would
be marching across the plains of the
United States. What he didn't tell
U.s." the captured warrior added, twas
that we'd have to pick UP peanuts on
the way"
Evening star., 1944-07-04
Praise for Trolley Co.

fra1Se Tor trolley 10.
To the Editor Of The Star:
Recently trolley conductor refused
my unexpired transfer demanding
another token. After rechecking on time
he admitted the transfer was valid, but
refused to refund. Rather than aeaue
with a busy operator, jotted down
number Of conductor and streetcar and
reported the incident to the company.
Very soon afterwards a most cour-
teous letter was received with 4 refund
Of fare
1t is refreshing to know that q COM
pany with strenuous wartime responsi-
bilities can and does carry on In de-
Tense Of principle without trying to
justify the accumulation Of petty mis-
takes under the subterfuge Of an
emergency. With this attitude uni
versally applied, war cannot defeat the
purpose for which it is fought.
MARTHA MOFFETT.
Evening star., 1944-07-04
Conservative Henry
Prom the Topeka Capital.

1VVeKS VsP1VA1.
Out at Denver. Henry Hall caused
faces to rsdden in Police Court when 10
refuted vasraney charge by displaying
$sl2 In cash. It seems that Hall Il Of
. conservative turn Of mind, and the
reason hs Is not spending his money u
that he desires to save all hs can Ia
anticipation Of "old ags." He u lol.
and whom . man advances that tar
along the avenue Of life. he explained.
it Is well 10 put asads sosnsthtnG 1ee his
declining years. This seems 70 b his
personal postwar H9ogrAA.
Evening star., 1944-07-04

The fall Of Minsk was the inevitable
consequence Of the mastery Russian
strategy which hurled 50 great \ weight
Of men and material against the center
of the German line in White Russia, and
Of the admirable tactical skill with
which that strategy has been carried
out by the subordinate commanders TO
whom its execution was entrusted. The
Russians hit hard, exploited rapidly. and
followed through with ample reserves.
Their success has been well earned.
The astonishing speed of the Russian
advances ON both flanks of their major
reak-through seems to have been due
to lack Of opposition. This is the di-
rect fruit of the destruction of the
German divisions which were holding
the Vitebsk and Zhlobin sectors, respec-
lively, Of the former Fatherland. 1t
will be recalled that five German divi-
sions were wiped out southwest Of
Vitehsk. and a similar number falling
back from Zhlobin. were surrounded
and destroyed at BobruiSk.
Thereafter. the troops of Gen. Cherry
Akovskys third White Russian army
group on the north, and those of Mar
shall Rokossovsky's first White Russian
army group on the south. pushed ahead
: at q speed which is astonishing by COM
parison with the usual progress of
troops advancing into enemy -held coun-
try. The fact is, that they have been
proceeding almost at normal march
rates, instead Of having to stop to fight
German rear guards every two or three
miles as the Allied troops are doing in
Italy.
Gen. Chernyakovsky's cavalry, for ex-
ample. Is reported in Sundays Russian
communique to have covered 81 miles
in the preceding n hours: but good
cavalry, properly trained, should be able
to march at least IS miles 4 day for
several days without injury to the
horses. A single forced march Of 80
miles is quite possible. though it should
not be repeated the following day. The
meaning of the rapid advance. there
fore, u simply that there are no Ger
mans in front Of the advancing Rus
slams.
The bulk of the Germans appears
to be In between the two long outreach-
ing arms of the twin Russian flank ad-
vances. Here Gen, zakharovs second
White Russian army Sroup has ID.
vanced more slowly, obviously because
there was at least some opposition. The
same was true Of the right hank of
Marshal Rokossovsky's forces, northwest
of Bohruisk.
~
The remains Of some 30 German di-
visions (perhaps. 3oo, 900 or more mem
have bean pressed back toward Minsk
on converting routes. They were by
passed TO north and south by fast
moving Russian troops cavalry followed
BY motorized and armored units-which
cut all the main highways and railways
leading out Of Miusk to the northwest
and the southwest. There axs no routes
Evening star., 1944-07-04

10 Japan, 4 clause in a treaty is
something to be broken easily. The
claws OF the American eagle are
something else again.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-07-21
Ford Plans
New Model A
Bv WARD SCHULTZ

The Ford Motor co. IS prepared
10 reenter the cNt,,-low priced
seld with a Strcamlincd modern-
ilcd version ~ the four cylinder
Model 4" in The postwar period
? was learned today.
Although the final decision viii
hinge on public demand J r
Davis sales director of tho Ford
Motor Co. has confirmed that
Ford IS ready - market such a
car and that il would supplement
The regular line Of Ford, Mercury
and Lincoln ZephyrS.
Initial news that such a move
was in prospect came from Joseph
Cherner. blc Ford dealer in Wash
lncton who said that tho car
would he priced al $500 ChCrncr
said that nationwide announce
nent was scheduled for later in
tho week.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-07-21
Macarthur
Snndshes Jdps

GEN. MacARTHUR'S HQ.,
NEW GUINEA. July 81 INS) r
Trapped Jap forces i'm the iungles
of British New Guinea were re-
pulsed, Gen. Macarthur today an
nounced. in several new escape
attempts on the Aitape perimeter.
PIT boats and deStroyers
smashed Jap shore positions while
bombers dropped 20 additional
ions of explosives on enemy in
StallatIons in the denSely Jungled
region
In the Sarmi-Maffin area Of
Dutch New Guinea. Americans
killed 112 more JapS, making a
total of 3,179 slain enemy troops
there.
MacArthur'S communique to-
day reported that Mitchell me-
dunn bombers sank a small Jap
freighter and damaged a l,500-ton
frelghter-tranSport in Dill Har-
Dor on Timor.
In the western CarolineS night
bomberS hit the Japanese air
drome and Seaplane base on Palau
Island while patrol bombers
raided the zap island airdrome
before dawn.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-07-21
HINT 4-CLNINDER CAR

Ford officials emphasized that
such car. II, and when marketed,
would be a far cry from the old
Model A, however The company
has had four cylinder cars under
almost constant test over 4 period
of years and II would he "A new
car from radiator cap 10 exhaust
pipe"
Il is probable that Ford interest
IN a light. low cost car has been
whetted by the apparent wartime
popularity Of the iecp and the
prospect Of a SorenSen-built WHY'S
in that field. talk Of the latter
having trebled the value Of WHY'S
stock.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-07-21

Frank Joseph Male, Is, seized
by the FBI or a charge of Violat-
ing thc draft law. was described
hy his father today as "a con-
>cicnuous objcctor who hates the
killing m war
When arrested Yesterday al his
home. $50 Robins, after refusing
10 submit 10 examination al the
induction center. Frank told FBI
agents that Japan was justified
in attacking Pearl llarbor."
But his father Joseph, IS. n
maintenance man 40 the Ford
Rouge plant said The G-mcn must
have confused the youth with a
lot OF questions.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-07-21
HELD on 81. 900 BOND

Held under s. 600 bond after
pleading not guilty when ar
raigned before l.. s. Commits
Sioner J. Stanley lIurd. the youth
Will face examination July IS
II came Ia Detroit from
lugOslaNia about - years ago
said the elder Male land both
children were born here. We are
all good Catholics.
II tried To persuade Frank
that fighting in this war was
justified, hut he said from the
very beginning - right after
Pearl HarbOr-I want no part
of this slaughter.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-07-21
OTHERS IN FIELD

Some Of the aviation companies
are also known 10 be testing cars
of this type, with Consolidated
Vultee and BocinG prominently
mentioned. and CroSley Corp. has
revealed that II intends 10 enter
the field.
Another factor which likely in
fuenced this decision is Henry
Ford's recent announcement that
he sees no reason why the public
should pay from 20 30 per cent
more for a postwar car. II raw
material costs and wages make
such an increase necessary in the
regular size. priced cars, the
new Ford -Four" would enable
him 10 market a car at prewar
price levels.