davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1944-09-19
The Political Mill
By Gould Lincoln

The Dewey-Bricker campaign is get
ting under Democratic skins. The re-
action is already evident in speeches and
statements made by administra ton
spokesmen-particularly by House Ma
Jority Leader Mccormack, Secretary of
the Interior Ickes and Chairman Han
negan Of the Democratic National Com
mittee. Charges that Mr.. Dewey and
Mr.. Bricker have been hitting below
the belt have rolled OF their tongues.
1t Is evident that the blows, whether
above or below the belt, have found their
mark
What promises to be the most telling
catchword of the Republican campaign
is Clear everything with Sidney" 1t
Is one Of those things that stick-and
no amount of denials will ever eradicate
1t. Mr.. Hannegan denies that the Presi-
dent ever used such an expression when
talking with him. But whether that
language was used or not. 1t is the
common belief that it expresses an ac-
tual situation-a situation in which the
Democratic national organization is
leaning heavily on Sidney Hillman and
his CIO Political Action Committee to
put the fourth-term election across. No
one denies this is fact
The phrase was first used to picture
what happened at the Democratic Ma
tional Convention, when the struggle
was over the nomination of a running
mate for Mr.. Roosevelt. Mr. Hillman
and the CIO were all out for Vice Presi-
dent Wallace. Mr.. Roosevelt, on the
other hand, had decided to ditch WAL
lace. Mr.. Hillman's O. K on the Tru-
man nomination was necessary, how
ever-and it was obtained Also Mr..
Hillman is credited with having ditched
the vice presidential aspiration OF War
Mobilization Director Byrnes, and prob
ably those Of Senator Barkley of Ken
lucky, with the concurrence of the
President. Gov. Bricker of Ohio, in his
speech in Indiana, stuck the knife In.
1t is painful for the Democrats to have
the Hillman label tied so securely to
them-with the emphasis on Hillman
domination Of the party. They cannot
repudiate Mr.. Hillman and they have to
take 1t. The Democrats relish even less
Evening star., 1944-09-19

fine Gothic choir dating from 1885,
1414. The octagon Is the chapel"
referred to in the French name for
the city-Aix-la- Chapelle; tradition
says that 1t was begun under Charlie
magne in 706 and consecrated by
Pope Leo III In 805. At the last
mentioned date, 1t perhaps was the
most notably beautiful religious
building north OF the Alps. Some
where within It's walls rest the bones
Of its celebrated patron. A legend
tells that the Emperor was entombed
in his imperial vestments, seated
upon a marble throne, and that Otto
III saw him thus three centuries
after his death.
Thirty-two OF the successors Of
Charlemagne allegedly were crowned
in his portion Of the existing cathe-
dral. A copper gilt candelabrum in
the octagon was given by Frederick
Barbarossa. The adjacent Gothic
portion OF the fame is "a stupendous
lantern of glass;" one hundred and
fourteen feet high. In the nearby
Treasury is the Karls Schrein, a
magnificent medieval work which
has contained the relics of Charlie
magne since 1915, and the Marien
Schrein of 1897 sheltering the sup
posed robe of the Virgin and other
sacred objects, exhibited to the
faithful every seventh year.
The Rathaus stands. where the
ancient palace of. Charlemagne
stood. It was completed about 1850,
but has been modernized as re-
Gently as 1908. The facade is
adorned with statues of German
rulers and a frieze relating the his
tory of science and art.
Aachen was seized and looted by
the French In 1894 and remained
in their possession during the
Napoleonic era. 1t was occupied by
Belgian troops under the Treaty Of
Versailles in 1918. There are thirty
eight thermal springs in the neigh
borhood, and in normal times the
city attracts numbers of persons
who seek health through medicinal
waters.
Evening star., 1944-09-19
This Changing World
By CossfaSfins Byo,cn

eral hrst-class Chinese divisions for duty
against the Japs.
This Is the story behind this war
within war: In the early fall Of l043
. nomadic Moslem tribe, the KAYAKS,
clashed In Sinkiang with Chinese troops
who drove them across the borders into
Outer Mongolia. state which enjoys
the protection OF the U. s. s. r. The
Outer Mongolian government claimed
that the countryis borders had been vio-
lated and sent troops into Sinkiang to
help the Kazaks. The Chinese REIN
forced their troops, and now. one year
since the outbreak Of what appeared at
first to be an insignificant local squab-
bic, whole regiments supported by tanks
and airplanes-at least 80 far as the
Mongolian troops are concerned-are
fighting each other.
The Chungking government does not
hesitate to blame Russia for this new
and little publicized campaign. The
Chinese assert there is q definite con-
nection between the Sinkiang battles
and the struggle between Marking and
the Communist government in Shensi.
The KAYAKS are Moslems, 50 are their
neighbors in Kansu and Ningsia. The
Moscow government, according to
Chungkins, is cultivatine the peoples Of
these provinces who are overwhelmingly
Mohamedan.
Gen. Chang fears that II Moscow
succeeds in uniting these provinces a
formidable bloc controlled by the Soviets
Will be formed across Northwestern
China and will "press down" the areas
under Chungking's control
Despite the friendly advice given to
Gen. Chang by Vice President Wallace
during his trip to Siberia and China,
the relations between Moscow and
the generalissimo's government remain
chilly. 1t is true that Gen. Chang has
attempted to reach an understanding
with the Chinese Communists by includ-
ing some of their leaders in his gov
ernment But neither Moscow nor the
leaders in Shensi have considered this
attempt as more than a gesture on the
part OF the oficially recognized leader
OF fighting China"
Gen. Chang has been relying heavily
on the military and political support of
the United States, which has pledged
that China's sovereignty will be fully
restored as soon as the Japanese have
been defeated. But while Chungking
now expects this to come about in the
next IL months. the Soviet political
shadow Is worrying the generalissimo
even more than the japanese.
Evening star., 1944-09-19

According to reports received here
from the Quebec Conference, 1t appears
that President Roosevelt and Prime Min
lister Churchill devoted much more time
to discussion of the disturbing internal
situation in the Chungking controlled
areas of China than to the actual mill
tary potential of Generalissimo Chang
Kai-shek's forces.
Until Sunday, when for the first time
dispatch passed by censorship spoke
bluntly Of the rapidly deteriorating situ-
alton IN China, these matters had been
hushed up.
The reports from Quebec, added to an
Associated Press story from Running
describing the uselessness and incompe-
tence Of the Chinese high command, has
caused stir In Washington diplomatic
quarters. For the last three years all
dispatches from China were doctored to
give the impression to the American
public that China was a real military
asset to the Allies.
The strictly controlled dispatches from
that area were emphasizing the fact that
the shortage Of war material alone pre-
vented the Chinese from playing q
major role in the war against the Japa-
nese. Only occasionally was 1t limited
that the troubles Gen. Chang had with
the Chinese Communists pinned down q
number of able and well-equipped d.
visions to front which had nothing to
do with the global war.
The Sunday dispatch from Running
admitted that the Chinese soldiers are
excellent fighting material but severely
criticizes the leadership and the central
organization.
While unquestionably 1t gave a true
picture, there is another angle which
throws a different light on the whole
situation.
Since last fall an undeclared war has
been going on within the global war in
the Chinese province OF Sinkiang This
war, which at first was limited to major
skirmishes between the Chinese and the
Mongolian troops, has now developed,
according to reliable reports, into a real
conflict In which one side at least-the
Mongolians-are using tanks and planes.
The Chinese suspect that the KAYAKS
and the Mongolians, who previously DOS
sessed only rifles and a few machine
guns, are now supported by Moscow.
When Gen. Chang met President
Roosevelt and Prime Minister Churchill
last November in Cairo he urged them to
use their influence with Premier Stain
to put stop to the chickering's going on
IN Eastern China and thus relieve sew
Evening star., 1944-09-19
Letters to The Star
The Foreign Service Defended
- Against MISREPRESENTATION


To the Editor Of The Star.
Under the heading "Tyler Kent Case"
another newspaper recently published
an editorial using that case to besmirch
our career diplomacy which, I am con-
vinced, is second to no other in the
world.
I addressed a letter of correction to
the newspaper in question but 1t was
not published. feel rather deeply that
the public should be set right in fair
ness to our career diplomats who have
been doing good job all around the
world during the present war.
The statement to which I take ex-
ception Is this: Kent was a career dip
lomat making his way slowly up the
ladder of promotion when he was put
In charge of the confidential codes of
the American Embassy"
1t should be made known, in reply
to the statement, that no clerk OF any
classification in an embassy or legation
has any diplomatic status whatsoever.
And Mr.. Kent was not slowly making
his way up the ladder Of promotion"
because he had taken the examination
for promotion to the foreign (diplo-
matic) service and had failed.
Should the ambassador or minister
and all other commissioned personnel
OF an embassy or legation be absent,
clerk Is without authority to carry on
relations with the government to which
the post is accredited. The only au-
thority that could be conferred on him
would be to place him in charge OF the
physical property of the post. The same
custodial authority could as well be
given to janitor.
A rank outsider, with slight variation.
enjoys the same opportunity Of trying
for diplomatic promotion as a clerk.
The difference is that the average
clerk, having been abroad for a con-
siderable time, usually is assumed to
have become somewhat rusty in his
academies. For that reason he is not
required to take the written examina-
tion. He submits only to the oral ex-
animation in which Mr. Kent failed.
Our diplomatic service, or foreign
service as it is known officially. Is per-
haps the most democratic in the world
CHARLES C. HART.
Evening star., 1944-09-19
Planned Confusion

governor DeWey SLTuCK nara at q
weak spot in the New Deal armor
in his labor address at Seattle last
night.
In the past three national cleo
tions Mr.. Roosevelt has been sup
ported by an overwhelming majority
of the labor vote. The political
alliance between the New Deal and
organized labor, of which Attorney
General Biddle once boasted, has
been thing of substance, and a
constant thorn in the side of Re-
publican office seekers. For twelve
years no Republican presidential
candidate has been able to make an
appreciable dent in Mr.. Roosevelt s
labor support, but this year, for the
first time, there seems to be a real
chance for the COP to recruit a
substantial number of labor votes,
and Mr.. Dewey is making the most
of it.
His opportunity arises principally
from the fact that the President
and his political aides have per-
mitted their alliance with labor to
evolve into an alliance with the
CIO and its Political Action Com
mittee. Groups like the American
Federation of Labor, the Railroad
Brotherhoods and the United Mine
Workers feel that they have been
frozen out; that if the President
is reelected for a fourth term they
will be cast in the role of stepchildren
While the CIO receives even more
special favors than it has enjoyed
in the past. The result is that these
groups, or important elements of
them, are looking for some other
place to go, and Mr.. Dewey is trying
to convince them that the Repub-
lican party is the right place.
At Seattle he spoke of the planned
confusion of the administrations
labor policies, contending that this
was calculated effort to extort
political allegiance from organized
workers in return for favors at the
hands of the President. This, he
said, is personal government instead
Of government by law; politics in
stead of justice prevailing in the
labor field. He also dwelt effectively
on the organizational confusion in
the administrations approach to the
problem of labor regulation, calling
the roll of the multitude of Federal
agencies with which labor has to
deal and pointing out that the War
Labor Board has more than $4,000
undecided cases on its docket.
The probabilities are that this line
Of attack will prove to be an effective
one, the best, at least, that Mr..
Dewey could pursue. For his own
part he had not a great deal to
offer. He said, of course, that he
would do away with this confusion
and the favored treatment of one
group as against another He prom
ised that if elected he would appoint
an active, able Secretary of Labor
from the ranks of labor, and he
pledged himself to restore to this
department the functions that it is
supposed to have. Finally, he
committed himself definitely to the
creation by law of a Fair Employ
ment Practices Committee, and in
sisted that we must establish
equality between business, labor and
agriculture.
In short, Mr.. Dewey says that
labor has nothing to lose and much
to gain from the election of the
Republican ticket. He has made a
bid which the administration, on
the defensive in many quarters after
twelve years in office, cannot afford
to ignore
Evening star., 1944-09-19

but any British thrust toward Sing
apore from this direction would be
immensely aided by an American Aus
tralian push toward Celebes and ulti-
mately Java from the other side. If the
land forces employed in this operation
were to be largely Australian, it would
not represent any serious diversion of
strength from our main preoccupation
with the Philippines, and would have
the advantage of making full use of
our striking power and of keeping the
Japanese forces fully extended, with
many problems rather than with one.
Under such conditions, there is always
the chance that the enemy may make a
mistake in the disposition of his mobile
forces, particularly his air power.
To carry this thought little farther.
there seems now no good reason WHY
direct attacks on the japanese main
islands are too dificult or risky to be
undertaken. The outer face of those
island fronts upon the open Pacific
No island bases are available close
enough to be of much use except the
Bonins. which are lacking both in good
harbors and in sufficient room for air
bases on large scale, and the Kuriles
away to the northward We might be
able to take the Bonins, but they would
be difficult to hold and not of great
advantage to us; our chief interest in
them seems to be to keep the japanese
from using them. But carrier based
strikes" against the coast Of Japan,
though they might result in severe
losses, cannot be ruled out by any
means; and if they were combined
with long-range bombing attacks by
our B-29s, either from the Marianas
or from China, they might prove
very important element in reducing
Japanese industrial strength rs well
as Japanese morale.
The congested Japanese industrial
regions are tempting targets for opera
tions Of this character; and If they
were undertaken at the same time that
we were preparing for attacks on the
Philippines and possibly Formosa, 1t
Is easy to see how the Japanese high
command would be confronted with
difficult decisions as to the disposition
of its air and naval forces. It is not
inconceivable that as a result of the
vigorous offensive use Of the enormous
power We now have assembled in the
Western Pacific. the way might even
tually be open for . direct invasion Of
the japanese home islands.
Evening star., 1944-09-19
Deterioration in China


bad in both military and political
sense. The latest in long series of
potentially grave reverses is the de-
struction and virtual abandonment
by the United States 14th Air Force
OF its base near Kweilin. Signifi-
cantly, along with this development,
censorship at Running and Chung
king has been lifted enough to let
through dispatches not merely criti-
clzing Generalissimo Chiang's gov
ernment but also openly asserting
that poor Chinese generalship is
responsible. in considerable measure,
for the present discouraging situa-
tion-a situation described as i'm
periling the American war effort
throughout the whole country.
The valor of the Chinese soldier
and of the long-suffering Chinese
people appears to be as great as ever,
but China's internal political and
economic situation and its shortcom-
ings in arms and officer material,
together with the impasse existing
between Chang and immobilized
Communist troops. seem to have
reached a point where deterioration
has become too widespread not to be
obvious. AS illustrated by the fate
of the Kweilin base, the japanese
are simply not being stopped in their
drive to cut the country in two,
though Chiangs forces, when ade-
quately trained, equipped and led
make superb fighting machine, as
they have been demonstrating in
Burma under General Stilwell's S
command. Apart from Burma, how
ever, and one or two other excep-
tions, the overall outlook on the
Asiatic mainland Is such that it
should sober anybody who supposes
that we shall be able to defeat Japan
with relative ease once the war in
Europe Is over.
There can be no doubt, of course,
that American and Allied power is
already more than sufficient to beat
the japanese to their knees. But as
President Roosevelt and Prime Min
lister Churchill have indicated, the
distances of the Pacific are immense,
and even under the most ideal of
circumstances the task of marshall
ing this power and bringing it to
bear directly against the enemy is a
complex and gigantic one. Hereto
fore it has been widely assumed that
China would serve both as the main
base and great source of man.
power for the final knockout drive.
1t may still do so, but no one can
properly take that for granted any
longer. In fact, the second Quebec
conference-from which Chiang's
representatives were conspicuously
absent - may we'll have involved
fundamental strategical decisions
based on the possibility that the cur
rent situation may go from bad to
worse and gravely complicate what
ever plans there may be for landings
on the Chinese coast.
Accordingly, irrespective of our
tremendous Allied power and no
matter how soon the war in Europe
may end and even though Russia
may conceivably enter the struggle,
there is no Justification for over
optimism about what will be re-
quired to defeat Japan In the words
of General Vandergrift, Comman-
dant of the Marine Corps, our forces
will be up against a still dangerous
Japanese Navy and japanese Army
as yet only lightly hit. The roads, in
any and all directions we take, will
be uphill The going will be tough"
Events in China heavily underscore
the warning.
Evening star., 1944-09-19

fr0m the PnlkdeIbhl2 He6Ofd
We all remember the days in 1910
when we couldn't pick up a newspaper
without reading of new German VIC
tory. We remember the winter and
spring of 1912, when every day we read
of new Japanese conquests.
Today the picture is reversed. The
news may change from edition to edi-
ton, but it's nearly all good.
We kept our heads when the news
was all bad. We knew the war wasn't
over
Let's keep our heads now when the
news is all good. The war isn't over
now, either.
Evening star., 1944-09-19

That old melodic standby of the
Roaring '20s, who Takes Care of
the Caretaker's Daughter" may be
superseded by another in the uncer-
tain '40s-"Who Will Police the
World Police"
Evening star., 1944-09-19

A marriage was recently per-
formed on roller skates-as If roller
skates were not already dangerous
enough to equilibrium.
Evening star., 1944-09-19

From the dazed expression on the
faces OF many captured Nazis, they
seem more like stupor men than
Supermen.
Evening star., 1944-09-19

The oldest restaurant in Europe,
located in Warsaw. probably now
has the further distinction of being
the emptiest.
Evening star., 1944-09-19
In Behalf of Realism
By David Laurence
From the Philadelphia Record.

(Reproduction Rishts Reserved)
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1944-08-11

of anyone else Meanwhile costs of manufacture ronsnr+o
ZION and distribution fall slowly at ALL usually not to
Mr. Thatcher saying that prices should NOT be
OF rubber IT others of iron'
That editorial just another sgnpost along economic
highway That shows that the people of this
long, long since the 1920s that the people
nave learned and learned WELL is that laws or no
economic laws there is why people must
be obess bankrupt and hungry while there empty
tories and huge supplies of foodsuffs agricultural COM
modltles begging for market.
National Debt Is Factor
If this nation is to have another depression-and Loft if ba
hoped that the leaders of this nation permit to happen
there added factor which other depressons have not
had That added factor which the Pioneer editorial
overlooks is important 1t is the national debt
When this the national debt is expected to be
between $50 and 800 billion dollars only way that debt
can be servced which merely the paid and
of the principal retired nations income
at present levels
Billions confusing make the example clear let
knock off the last nine cphes and down figures we
understand Let's make personal For example man
with income of $125 would have paying off
debt of $3.50 he certain his income would remain
at that level than if his income went back SAT- his in
come higher, he'd have easier time paying the
debt
That applies the national income and the national debt
If the national income drops back to At billion dollars
concevaby bankrupt large institution every
company railroad company thousands persons who
hold government bonds because with national
to the drouhdepression days would be impossible pay
Off meet the interest payments the national
Beginning Is the Earth
So national plan to try to stabilize economy the
income of the people must of start at the beginning
The beginning the EARTH for out of the EARTH and of
The earth alone, all wealth There is other
of wealth There the forests the mines and
the rivers But the greatest of all is the SOIL Only by
protecting the FARMS the greatest of wealth that
his nation has, the nation protect its entire national
my for any length of time.
Thus National Agricultural Relations Act is selfish
proposal to guarantee farmers fixed price Rather
ort protect the nation by protecting its greatest
# new wealth.-C1 T Digest. -