Evening star., 1944-10-19

| require continued close COLLABORATION
among the -four great powers, th'
United States, Great Britain, Rus
sia and China. France, too, mus
have voice. as well as other coun
tries whose territory has been con
quered by the Nazis. but who's,
heroic people have shared in tn,
winning of the victory.
Germany and Japan must no
only be utterly defeated but alst
completely disarmed. AS 1 have
already suggested it may be neces.
sary to forbid Germany any ava
ton industry of her own and tn,
entire Ruhr, which is the heart @
Germany's heavy industry, shoult
be internationalized. Beyond that
the war criminals. both high ane
low, must be brought to justice. Tit
people of Germany and Japan mus
be taught once and for all, tha
war does not pay.
Second Major Task.
But I cannot repeat too EN-.
phatically, that the second major
task, the building of a world OF.
ganization for peace, should not
wait on final victory. 1t should
go forward as rapidly as possible
to immediate solution.
The main outlines of that or
ganization have already become
clear. 1t must include a general
assembly comprising all the peace
loving nations of the world and a
council small enough for almost
continuous meeting and prompt
action.
This world organization must be
enabled, through the use of force
where necessary, to prevent or repel
military aggression. 1t must be
supplemented by a world court tc
deal with international disputes.
These, in essence, were also the
recommendations since drawn up
by the conferences at Dumbarton
Oaks. At those conferences we
have made good start. But this is
only a beginning. Important mat
ters remain to be worked out. It
would be a profound tragedy if
after having reached a broad gen.
eral area of agreement on the ma
Jor principles, we should now fall
to impatient quarreling over things
still to be settled.
Extremists Miss Point.
There are already those among
us who want to attack the work
that was done at Dumbarton Oaks
because 1t did not go far enough.
There are others, equally vehement,
who are fearful that the plans 20
TOO FAR. Extremists on both sides
have missed the point. The impor-
tant point is that a beginning has
been made
Let us remember that achieve
ment can only be reached through
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT between the
Executive and Congress-agreement
among our people-agreement not
merely among the three most DOW
erful nations, but among some so
nations which must join in this en-
deavor for it to succeed.
1t is imperative that the small
nations of the world be brought
INTO full partnership in this work
now and not later. World opinion
IN the final analysis is essential to
continuing success. Force, without
leseice, can never preserve peace.
'Ihe treatment of small nations is
the test Of the conscience Of civil.
zation. They should have a fun
share in these labors from the start.
There are two great disasters
which could occur to us. The first
would be If few individual rulers
should, in secret conferences. try to
shape the future of the world. The
second would be for any nation in
Volved to break up into quarreling
groups over individual proposals
We must make certain that our
participation in this world orsani-
zation is not subjected to reserya
tions that would nullify the power
OF that organization to maintain
peace and to halt future aggres-
sion. The surest way to invite dis
aster is to insist that everything
must be perfect from the start
Human progress is not made in that
way and this is profoundly hu-
man problem.
Grim Reminders.
Whatever the difficulties, we must
not be diverted from our goal by
the irreconcilables of either camp
We have before us vividly the grim
reminder of the robot bomb. which
shows no nation anywhere can be
safe against aggression. No single
nation can make itself impregnable
to attack. We can no longer rely
solely upon our own defenses or
upon our own love of peace. We
can and we must have a world Or
ganization to prevent future wars.
We must have two unities on
which to build. One is the unity of
the United Nations. The other is
unity of the American people.
We are working successfully now
With l30,000,000 of our own people
to satisfy and with almost so other
nations to come to agreement-I am
sure none of us will get exactly what
he wants. Individuals must have
convictions but if any of us insists
on exactly what he wants or moth
ing, we will get nothing. and that
would be the greatest disaster the
human race has ever suffered.
Secretary Hull is working steadily