davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1944-09-17

economic practices. But in general, the
Washington folk say, they have oper-
ated directly counter to Secretary of
State Hulls trade agreements which
strive to expand world trade by means
OF reducing trade barriers.
But now the worlds economists are
seeking some agreement to avoid the
unemployment which comes when, for
instance, the worlds wheat farmers
raise more wheat than the world can
buy; or when two radio manufacturers
build plants In new country, and after
large investments, find the country can't
buy all the radios they make.
To avoid uneconomic production will
take trade agreements-cartels, If you
please. The United States is already
party to four such-covering wheat.
coffee, oil and sugar. However. these
being Government cartel arrangements,
Government representatives on the
boards bear responsibility for enforcing
reasonable prices.
So the United States technicians are
preparing to suggest to the United
Nations that they agree to amend their
laws so that they can control cartels
The plan most widely supported at
present recommends:
l. Suppression of private restraint of
international trade, with both govern
ment and private cartels operating to
expand rather than restrain-the gov
ernmentS by a0reeiinent and the private
concerns BY regulation.
Evening star., 1944-09-17
By Sierid Arne.

Of the record, diplomats admit that
Dumbarton Oaks will result in little
permanent success unless the world can
establish some better system for buying
and selling.
So the United Nations are preparing
for trade conference, likely to be the
most explosive of all the postwar plan
purse.
The giant fire-cracker will be cartels.
The argument will likely stack the
United States against Europe's major
industrial powers, since this Nation has
a domestic antitrust policy - and a
cartel is simply a trust that's world
wide-and since most of Europe's in
dustry is not only cartelized, but cartel
lied with government assistance.
For almost a year q committee of
experts from the Treasury. the Federal
Reserve, the Department of Justice, the
Securities Exchange Commission and the
State Department has been holding
closed meetings to determine the policy
of the United States at the trade
conference.
The natural United States stand would
be to demand the abolition of cartels.
But after years investigation the
experts are swinging around to an 'if
you can't lick EN-. jine 'em" plan, rely
ing principally on control.
To comprehend this plan It's neces-
Evening star., 1944-09-17

for aluminium, and aluminium makers,
through holding down its production,
said the committee, preserved their old
markets.
4. That cartels place obstacles in the
path of customers hunting a lower
priced product. The Senate committee
reported that a company which pro-
duced a pigment for either paint or
textile dyes feared that If textile men
bought the pigment it would cut into
the market for a higher-priced textile
pigment.
The company's laboratory was ordered
to put something into the pigment
which would leave it useful for paints
but harmful in textiles. One suggestion
was "it Is known that certain resins and
solvents are irritating to the skin,
causing dermatitis. It might be pos
sible to formulate a CPC composition
which will make textile materials irri-
tating to the skin"
S. That cartels limit world trade.
That in 1943 few American radios were
sold in Sweden because an agreement
among radio makers allotted the
Swedish market to Dutch manufac-
turers.
Cartel practices, the Senate commit
tee held, take myriad forms, but the
sumtotal Is to limit the goods John Doe
and his wife can buy on Johns weekly
pay. There are numerous arguments on
the other side, Some cartels undoubt.
edly have served only to prevent un.
Evening star., 1944-09-17
u. S. MAY SEEK TO CONTROL RATHER THAN BAN CARTELS

sary to know about cartels. They are
described in a monograph written by
Corwin Edwards, chairman of the JUS
tice Departments Antitrust Division
Policy Board. He outlines cartel prac-
tices uncovered in hearings held this
year by the Senate's Military Affairs
Committee, which found:
/. That cartels fix prices. For example,
tungsten carbide, hard metal needed
for cutting tools, sold in 1928 at $50
a pound. The committee found that,
at that time, General Electric and Fried
erich Krupp 'Aktiengesellshaft of Ger
many wrote an agreement, pooling
patents and giving G. E. control OF
United States prices, which then rose
to range Of $225 to $453 pound. In
1912, after an indictment under the
antitrust laws, the prices dropped to
range Of $27 to $45 pound.
2. That cartels result In impaired quail
ity. The committee held that the quality
of electric light bulbs had been purposely
degraded sos that they burned fewer
hours, and therefore customers had to
buy more bulbs each year.
3. That cartels restrain chronological
change. That through agreements be-
tween German and American pro-
ducers of aluminium and magnesium,
our production of magnesium was held
so far below German production that
there was serious shortage Of both
experience and equipment when the
war came. Magnesium y q substitute
Evening star., 1944-09-17
Miners May Decide Some States

Miners May Decide Some States
By L. r. Connor.
COLUMBUS, Ohio, Sept. 16.-Since
the formal opening of the Republican
campaign by Gov. Dewey at Louisville,
the jubilancy among Ohio Republicans
has increased.
The impression Mr.. Dewey made on
Republicans in this State and, from all
that can be gathered, on fellow-RepuD-
licans in Kentucky was all to the good.
Definitely it is to be = fighting CAM
paign and Ohio followers Of the ele-
phant, having three times elected John
w. Bricker Governor and, knowing that
the Democratic organization In Ohio has
not yet recovered fully from the wreck
made of 1t more than six years ago when
the Davey machine collapsed, were all
for it.
Doubts Are Dissipated.
In the Republican camp, some Of the
earlier doubts as to how Ohio will vote
on the presidency are being dissipated.
There is a tendency to believe more and
more that the result on November will
find Ohio in the Dewey column.
An incident serves to illustrate why.
In one union labor shop in Ohio employ
ing 100 men, Willkie was given II votes
four years ago. An impromptu straw
vote in the shop conducted week ago
by few curious Republicans revealed
that 40 out of the 100 had signified their
intention of voting this year for Dewey.
The way labor will go has been the
real puzzler in Ohio all along. As re-
suit, there has been a deep interest in
the political aspects of the United Mine
Workers Convention in Cincinnati.
John L. Lewis kick in the teeth" state
ment to the convention has raised again
the old controversy of whether he can
carry more of his crowd with him this
time than he did in 1910, when he
pumped for Willkie.
Could Turn Scales.
The United Mine Workers carry great
strength in Ohio, Kentucky. West Vir-
ginia and few other States in this
part of the Nation, so great that in any
reasonably balanced election they could
swing it one way or another If they were
to alter their previous votes in any ap-
preciable degree.
Political statisticians in Ohio cite fig
ures to show that even in 1910 Lewis
carried many miners with him when he
Evening star., 1944-09-17
Britain's Views
On Czechosloyakia

In the House of Commons in London
recently Capt. Gammans, a Conserya-
tive, asked Foreign Secretary Eden
whether the British government in
tends to conclude with the Czechoslo-
yak government an agreement for the
administration of liberated Czechoslo-
yak territory similar to those recently
concluded by the British and United
States governments with the Belgian,
Dutch and Norwegian governments.
In a written reply Mr.. Eden stated
his majesty's government trusts that
the liberation of Czechoslovakia by the
united efforts of the Allied nations and
OF the Czechoslovak people will not now
be long delayed. They accordingly well
coined the recent agreement of liberia
ton between the Soviet and Czechoslo-
yak governments about which they were
kept fully informed in advance. These
agreements are, however, intended to
meet certain immediate practical neces-
sites arising out of the entry of the
".
In view of the present disposition OF
Allied forces, no useful purpose would at
present be served by an Anglo Czecho-
slovak agreement on similar lines.
IT am, however, glad of this oppor-
tunity of reafflrming the warm and
sympathetic interest of his majesty's
government in the future welfare Of
Czechoslovakia and their desire that the
close and amicable relations now hap
pily existing between them and DR..
Benes' government in London shall be
maintained and developed between the
peoples of the two countries after
CZechoslovakia has resumed her right
full place as an independent nation,
making her own contribution once again
to the stability and prosperity OF Gen.
trail Europe"
Evening star., 1944-09-17
Sharp Pennsylvania Fight

Sharp Pennsylvania Fight
By Charles G. Miller
HARRISBURG, Sept. 16.-Both old
parties have formally opened their fall
campaigns in Pennsylvania within the
last 10 days and indications are that the
parties heavyweight orators will all visit
this debatable territory before No
vember Z.
The Republicans held dual campaign
launching . week ago with meetings in
the States two largest cities where they
sre concentrating on much Of their pre-
nminary election work now. Gov.
Thomas e. Dewey. COP presidential
nominee, opened his active campaign in
Philadelphia little over week ago at
3 meeting which signalized the opening
Of the State fight in the Eastern coun-
ties.
Deciding against q State platform,
the Republicans indorsed the national
party platform and adopted series Of
resolutions that form a declaration of
principles upon which the State ticket
candidates stand. The Democrats met
here this week and their State commit
tee approved 1,200-word platform that
followed precedents, praising the New
Deal, condemning the Republican State
administration and promising lower
taxes and much remedial legislation if
they gain control of the Legislature.
In opening their campaign this week
the Democrats brought here as their
keynote speaker, Gov. ]. Howard Nc
Grath, Rhode Island, and plans are un-
der way to have many of the nationally
known Democratic leaders speak here
during the coming weeks. State leaders
say the President will speak in the State
at least once If he decides upon making
personal appearances.
Next Wednesday Gov. John w. Brick
er, Republican vice presidential candi-
date, will make noon address in front
of the Capitol.
Jersey COP Unafraid of PAC
BY Robert T. Taylor.
NEWARK, N. j., Sept 16-New Jer-
sey Republicans discovered this week
that the CLOS Political Action Commit
tee isn't disembodied bogeyman and
now they're squaring of to fight a
flesh-and-blood opponent.
Maine was the big tipoff, of course.
New Jerseys Gov. Edge, leader of the
Continued on Page C-3, Column a.
Evening star., 1944-09-17

repudiated Roosevelt. In such mining
counties as Belgent, for instance, the
Presidents lead in 1910 was cut to 10,913
from the 1904 he had in 1896, and in
Athens County, 1t was cut in 1910 to 236
from the 1896 he had four years pre-
viously
With the Republican complexion of
elections in Kentucky and West Virginia
in recent years, the way the miners will
vote there is even more Of . vital ques-
ton. They, If they follow Lewis in his
most recent reputation of Mr.. Roose-
velt. would almost certainly insure Re-
publican victories in those States.
Maryland Leans to New Deal
By EdDdn Young.
BALTIMORE, Nd, Sept. 1s.-Mary-
land Republicans got shot in the arm
last Monday when Herbert Brownell, jr.,
Republican national chairman, declared
in Detroit that Maryland was one of six
doubtful States on which the Repubh-
cans planned to concentrate.
They still have a monumental job on
their hands If they are going to upset
the l16,002 majority that Roosevelt
got in 1910 out of a vote of $500
for himself and Willkie Democratic Ma
tional Committeeman w. Preston Lane,
jr., expressed quiet confidence as he
opened campaign headquarters in Balti-
more this week, and at this writing his
confidence in Roosevelt victory ap-
pears we'll founded.
If Maryland is to be classed as
doubtful" it must be with a heavy
Democratic accent. and the main rea-
son is that 116,002 majority for the
President at the end of eight years in
Office.
Concrete differences are that this
time Maryland has two Republican
Representatives as against none in 1910
and Republican city administration in
Baltimore for the first presidential year
since 1928.
Mayor Theodore r. McKelden of Bal
timore has Statewide following as he
demonstrated to most of the experts
surprise, including his own, by giving
O'Conor close run for Governor few
months before his successful mayoralty
campaign. He has been q Dewey en-
thusiast from the beginning and GER
tainly has more united party behind
him than Willkie found in 1940
Evening star., 1944-09-17
u. S. Seeks to Find Answer
TOPOStwar Aviation Puzzle
Farley Here to Consider Knotty Problem of Civil
Air Routes Which May Take Much
Negotiation Before Being Solved
By ". II. Shibben. Jr.,
Aviation Editor, The Star.

control of rates and competitive prac.
tices, the gradual curtailment OF sub
sides, the need for uniform operating
and safety standards and the standard
ization or coordination of air naviga-
ton aids and communications facilities,
the use of airports and facilities on
ondiscriminatory basis and the Oper-
alton of airports and facilities in certain
areas. 1t was also generally conceded
that international collaboration, prob
ably by means of an international aero
nautical body, would be desirable in
achieving and implementing the afore-
mentioned objectives, although there
was some diversity of opinion as to the
extent of regulatory powers on economic
matters which should be delegated to
4 this international body.
"The approaching defeat Of Germany,
and the consequent liberation Of great
parts of Europe and Africa from mill
tary interruption of traffic, sets up the
urgent need for establishing an inter-
national civil air service pattern on a
provisional basis at least, so that all
important trade and population areas of
the world may obtain the benefits of air
transportation as soon as possible, and
so that the restorative processes of
prompt communication may be avail
able to assist in returning great areas
to processes of peace.
List Of Those Invited.
"The Government of the United States
believes that an international civil
aviation conference might profitably be
convened within the near future for the
purpose OF agreeing on an increase in
existing services and on the early estab-
lishment of international air routes and
services for operation in and to areas
now freed from danger of military in
terruption, such arrangements to con-
tinue during transitional period"
Governments and authorities to whom
invitations have been extended were:
Afghanistan, Australia, Belgium,
Bolivia. Brazil, Canada, Chile, China,
Colombia. Costa Rica, Cuba, Czecho-
slovakia, Dominican Republic, Ecuador,
Egypt, Ell Salvador, Ethiopia, French
delegation, Great Britain, Greece,
Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Iceland,
India, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Lebanon,
Liberia, Luxembourg, Mexico, Neither
lands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Nor
way, Panama. Paraguay, Peru, Philip
pines, Poland, Portugal, Saudi Arabia,
Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tur-
Key, Union of South Africa, Union of
Soviet Socialist Republics, Uruguay,
Venezuela and Yugoslavia.
Evening star., 1944-09-17

The Republican battle for Pennsylvania, Ohio, West
Virginia, Kentucky and Maryland intensified with the
attack made upon President Roosevelt by the United Mine
Workers of America, meeting in Cincinnati The adop
ton of resolution crczng the President and laud-
ing Dewey is considered significant by the political
respondents The miners in these States
is material.
Moving further West, the Republicans given the
edge in Michigan Colorado and Kansas and gaining
in Missouri, where President Roosevelt in 1910 by
only $1,000 votes The State is down doubtful but
with the COP on the up and up.
In Montana and Utah, both Of which have been
faithful the Roosevelt in prior elections the
uprising of the farmers and the cattemen is giving the
Republicans chance this year. The same is true in
Wyoming, also previously Roosevelt State, where the
cattlemen distinctly hostile to the New Deal admins
tration. The Dakotas regarded as Republican.
The so-caled Southern revolt against Roosevelt, in
the opinion political observers finally collapsed with
Evening star., 1944-09-17

Continued on Page C-3, Column a.
Evening star., 1944-09-17

the victory Of the forces in Texas last week.
Steps being taken to the anti-Roosevelt
presidential electors from the Democratic ballot in the
Lone Star State
In the East, Maryland is shown battle-ground with
better Republican unity than for years, but with large
Roosevelt 1910 plurality to be Connecticut has
distinct Republican trend.
Despite the smashing Republican victory in Maine,
only Maine, New Hampshire and Vermont conceded
to Dewey in New England Massachusetts expected
60 Republican in the State election but swing
vet for the presidency. Rhode Island Is reported firmly
Democratic.
In New York the fight was centered mostly around
the senatorial campaign, with action far nsless In
Virginia the COP conceded outside chance three
congressional seats while reports from the Middle West
note q change which takes Illinois and Indiana from
leaning Republican to doubtful. Out on the Pacific
Coast there is rebth OF hope in the breasts Of the
more optimistic Republicans.
Evening star., 1944-09-17

(see EUROPE, Page C-3.)
The Waterbury Democrat., 1944-01-19

the goods.
 By the same tests, I have been unable to find Q single good word among Americans here for what is called by some the "Grosvenor Square Country Club" and by others the "Oflce of War Misin- formation" There are three op- vious reasons:
 l. There is no real head of the OWT here. Two years after Pearl Harbor, nobody has been settled in the top job; they simply have been revOlved through 1t like COney Island boats moving in and out of Q tunnel.
 The visit to England of Director Elmer Davis, just before the new Congressional appropriations were due to provide $37,000, 900 fund. only speeded up the rotation of OWI bosses here. As a result, everyone is still asking when a man is coming to take permanent charge of OWI in this theater, which as an investor headquarters SklOulu Uc A INO. I AA4OA AAdtAOA pOAAe in the war world.
 2. One of the most obvious de- linquencies is waste waste of money, waste of people, waste of time.
 AS elsewhere abroad, the Office of War Information operates in the grand manner here. On the expenditure side, the whole setup is notoriously out of hand. It starts with over-staffing. A short time ago, when four executives resigned simultaneously - includ- ing the conspicuously competent Wallace Carroll newspaper cor respondents found that in report ing the occurrence they were un- able to specify the positions which had been occupied by the four men. And the executives themselves were unable to sup ply titles to describe their own jobs.
 3. Another chief fault is uncer- tainty - uncertainty of author ity, uncertainty of support, and
The Waterbury Democrat., 1944-01-19
SONS OF LEGION
 STAFF INDUCTED
Son of Corp. COyIe Post Commander Captain of
 Local Squadron

Charles Melville, Jr., was installed as captain of the Sons of the Legion squadron last night as 100 members and guests looked on.
 Other officers installed were John Mahaney, first lieutenant; Edward Dumont, second lieutenant; Fred erick Hennick, adjutant; Eugene Brenneis, finance officer; John Pa rola, chaplain, and John Mulligan, Jr., historian.
 George Karnofsky, past com- mander, was the installing officer.
 Speakers included Comsr. William Brown of Milford; Edward Cont, detachment commander, of Norwick; i; Miss Helen Casey, district president of New Haven County; Rev. Roger B. T. Anderson, department chap lain; Rudy Hennick, past depart ment commander of the Jewish war veterans and Charles Melville, ST.
 Mrs. Charlotte Wall, president of the American Legion Auxiliary, pre- sented Charles Melville, Jr, with a gift.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1944-01-19
STATE TEACHERS.
 MEET SATURDAY.
"A Local Associations to Be Represented at Hart-
 ford Session

'The Role of the Teacher in Youth Protection" will be the prin- cipal theme of the meeting of pres identS of local teachers associa- tions, sponsored annually by the Connecticut State Teachers Asso- citation, and to be held Saturday, January 12 at the University Club, Hartford.
 Reviewing the many phases of the school program which help prevent delinquency, a panel of specialists will discuss with local association presidents, opportuni- ties for further Youth Protection on the part of the individual teacher. Under the chairmanship of Dr. Robert H. Mathewson, of the State Department of Education, the following will serve on the panel:
 Sigmund Adler, Guidance Super visor for Boys at the Hartford Pub lie High school.
 Miss M. Ethel Batschelet, head of the Visiting Teacher Depart ment of the Hartford schools.
 Miss Ruth Cameron, chairman of the Committee for Juvenile Protec- tion. Connecticut Parent-Teacher Association.
 Mrs. Edith Valet Cook, chairman of the Committee on Children and Youth in Wartime, Connecticut War Council;
 F. J. Feldman, Supervisor of Recreation in West Hartford;
 Honorable Thomas D. Gill, pre- siding judge of the Connecticut Juvenile Court.
 Wilson Greer, president of the Association of Connecticut Public School SuperintendentS.
 Roger B. Ladd, president of the Connecticut Association of Boards of Education.
 Miss Eleanor F. Little, member of the Committee on Children and Youth in Wartime, Connecticut War Council.
 Miss Edna M. Purtell, Industrial Investigator, Connecticut Depart Inent of Labor.
 Presidents of Connecticut's "A lo- cal teachers associations have all ready had an opportunity to view the problem of the potential delin- quent through a group of five ar- ticles-one of them by Judge Gill; appearing in the January Connec- ticut Teacher, the official publica- tion of the Connecticut State Teachers Association.
 Following morning session, opening at 10:30, at which CSTA officers and local representatives will discuss professional education al topics, local presidents and panslists will be the luncheon gueSts of the CSTA. Reports will be made on current activities of the fourteen ~STA committees whose efforts toward the constant improvement of the teaching pro- fesslon in Connecticut include work in connection with retirement leg islaSdon, certif1cation, recruitment and teacher welfare.
 Calvin Stanley of Norwich, pres ident of the CSTA, will serve as gensral chairman of the meeting at which approximately 100 leaders of Connecticut's educational per- Sonnel are expected.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1944-01-19

while the farmers, the woodsmen, and the rural residents are looked to as the source of the needed pulpwood 14,000,000 cords in 1914. Both are vital to victory.
 (The second of this series will follow on
The Waterbury Democrat., 1944-01-19
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