davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1944-07-11
BY JOSEPH H. BAIRD.

President Roosevelt announced
today the United States is &C
cepting the French Committee
of National Liberation, headed
by Gen. Charles de Gaulle, as
the de facto authority in liber-
ated areas of France, pending
national elections there.
AT the same time, he said the
authority of Gen Dwight D. Eisen-
hover in areas of military operation
would remain undiminished and
that the Allied supreme commander
has full discretion to determine such
areas
The President said there is no
change in the policy of this Govern
ment in not recognizing the French
Committee as provisional govern
ment
Will Sign Memora ndum.
The United States and the French
Committee. the President said. are
expected to sign a memorandum in
London embodying an agreement
along these lines.
Observers believe the agreement
would be similar in nature to that
now being worked out between the
French and the British.
Mr.. Roosevelt made it clear, in
Evening star., 1944-07-11
BY THOMAS r. HENRY,
Star War Correspondent.

WITH THE UNITED STATES
FORCES IN NORMANDY, June
10 Delayed Hundred -Steepled
Caen, ancient capital of the
Dukes Of Normandy, from where
they embarked on their conquest
of England in 1866, is in a state
of desolation today. 1t is a place
of bomb-plowed streets, razed
houses and Quilted churches as
the British enter amid the ac-
claim of the people.
Near the center of the city. how
ever, stands unscathed one of the
most famous Gothic churches in
Europe, the Abbey St. Etienne. Un-
der its altar crypt lie the bones of
William the Conqueror, who built
the church in 1910.
There one of the most dramatic
sights of the war is to be seen.
Thousands of homeless, aged and
mothers with babes in their arms,
sick and weary. are gathered in the
shelter of the sprawling, vast aisle,
beneath whose lofty, 7aulted roof
the errant red Sunbeams filter
through figures of Christ and the
saints in the high stained-glass win
dows and shine over the Conqueror's s
grave, falling on the haggard faces
below.
For the mast month Caen nnx
been q main shelter. volunteer
Evening star., 1944-07-11
Americans 2 Miles From St. Lo;
Nazis Yielding in Other Areas;
British Advancing East Of Caen
u. S. Accepts De Gou|Ie Group
As Civil Power in Freed Areas
President Soys Stond on Committee
As Provisional Government Is Unchanged

making the announcement at his
press conference, that his new atti-
tude toward the committee results
from the talks he has had here with
Gen de Gaulle
Before the French leader came
here the President had made it clear
that diplomatic recognition of the
committee as the government OF
France would not be granted.
Under Eisenhower's Supervision.
The Presidents statement was
made from a written memora ndum
which he had prepared for his own
guidance. but which was not made
public.
He emphasized that Gen. Eisen-
hover will have authority to take all
steps which, in his judgment, are
necessary to military operations and
to drive the Germans from French
soil.
However. he continued. the United
States is prepared to reach an agree
ment with Gen. de Gaulle. using as
a basis the draft of an agreement
prepared by certain French and
British officials.
DE facto authority" simply means
that the committee will in fact ex-
ercise the authority of an admins
traitor and will be recognized as ex-
See FRENCH COMMTTTEE Al
Evening star., 1944-07-11
Presidents S Decision
Evokes No SURPRISE;
Comment Is Mixed
Is Thot News? WiIIkie
Asks; Democrats Proise
And COP AssoiIs 1t
BY the Associated Press.

Ds me AssOC1aleo HreSS.
Informed of President Roosevelt s
announcement that he would accept
a fourth term nomination. Wen
dell L. Willkie. unsuccessful oppo-
nent of Mr.. Roosevelt In 1910, COM
mented today: rs that news?"
Mayor La Guardia of New York
said: Il am very happy to hear it
but frankly I cannot pretend to be
surprised and that goes for the
nomination, too."
James A. Farley. formerly Demo-
cratic national chairman, who op-
posed third term and is known
to be opposed to a fourth, had no
comment.
Mr.. Farley received the news as
he was leaving special meeting OF
the Democratic State Committee al
the National Democratic Club In
New York, where he resigned the
New York State Democratic chair.
manship which he held for IA years
Paul E. Fitzpatrick of Buffalo
| N. Y, elected to succeed Mr.. Farley
said: That is very good news te
this country"
James w. Gerard, former Ambas-
sador to Germany: Il expected he
would accept the nomination and
am gratif1ed that it now seems as
sured he will. I believe also the
President will be reelected"
Representative Gearhart, Repub-
lican, of California: Did he say
anything about the fifth term? OF
possibly the sixth?'
Senatorial comment divided on
party lines.
Senators Pepper of Florida. Muir
See COMMENT, Page A-3)
Evening star., 1944-07-11
Powerful Allied Fleet
Northwest Of Tinian in
Mariands, laps Say
Planes and Ships Blost
Guom Again; Roto and
Other Islonds Roided
BY the Associated Press.

NEW YORK, July 1.-THE
japanese radio said today that
"a very powerful enemy fleet
consisting of two aircraft car
riers and more than 80 cruisers
and destroyers are plying the
waters northwest of Tinian Is
land" in the Marianas.
The radio report, a Domei agen-
cy advisory recorded by United
States Government monitors, said
80 planes attacked the island OF
Guam, in the Marianas, yesterday
and that cruisers and destroyers
shelled Japanese positions on Guam
while other aircraft were bombing
Tinian and Rota. All are in the
same island group as captured Sal
pan, 1,465 miles from Tokyo.
Enemy raids against our posi-
tions around Saipan are increasing
in intensity" the advisory said.
Domei said several large planes
and more than so small planes
were observed using Aslito Airfleld
on the southern end of Saipan
Island, first captured strip in the
Marianas, which has been In opera
ton a week or more.
The Berlin radio said the United
States possesses considerable SUI
premacy in aircraft carriers" in the
Marianas.
The United States has prepared
itself for decisive battle" the
Berlin radio asserted TT will not
shun this battle wherever oppor-
tunity offers"
Evening star., 1944-07-11
Sub and Crew Of SO
Lost on Training Trip
Comdr. Jack 6. CompbeI
Wos Skipper of S-28

The 20-year -old submarine S-2a
was accidentally lost in the Pacific
recently" while engaged in routine
training exercises, the Navy dis
closed today.
The sub carried a complement OF
about 60 officers and men, and the
Navy said hope has been abandoned
for the missing personnel. The craft
was comman nded by 1t. Comdr. Jack
G. Campbell, native of Chicago.
The Navy said that because of the
depth OF the water in which the S-20
went down, it would be impossible to
salvage the vessel. 1t added tina an
investigation is being made to de-
termine the cause of the accident.
This Is the second American sui
lost in training exercises and the
25th from all causes since Pearl
Harbor. The total number of COM
bat vessels lost now is 1872.
Comdr. Campbell, 10, only recent
ly had transferred from the Naval
Reserve to the regular Navy. His
wife lives in Groton, Conn.
The S-28 was commissioned or
December 13. 1913. It was 40 feet
long and had = displacem ht of COX
tons.
Evening star., 1944-07-11
P0eA
Here's How Fourth Term Story Was Broken

Until the Chief Executive read his
exchange of letters with Democratic
National Chairman Robert E. Han
legan, there was no hint as to
whether his answer would be yes or
no, but every one, in view of the
political situation, had assumed it
would be yes.
When the President got down to
the part Of the Hannegan letter
saying there would be clear ma
jority" Of votes to nominate him
at the convention. he threw down
the paper he was reading, and said
he had to have q cigarette.
Though his hands trembled. he
joked and said, unfortunately, il
isn't q Murad-a brand which
stresses nonchalance tn its adver-
tising.
After lighting his cigarette, he
picked up the letters again and read
on more calmly.
Before reading the letters, the
President explaiakd why he had
(see DESCRIPTIVE, Page A-4J
Evening star., 1944-07-11
Conqueror| Church
StondsinRubbIe ThotWosCoen

French organizations in the city
have reQuisitioned food stores. bring
ing them through the German lines
from the country, and have fed
nearly $4,000 persons daily. It is a
near miracle that the great church
is untouched. Many buildings
around it are smashed.
Also untouched is the Abbey of st
Giles, covering the bones of Queen
Matilda, the Conqueror's wife. She
was his first cousin. The church did
not recognize their marriage, so they
could not rest together In death.
Both of the great abbeys were
built in Thanksgiving for the English
conquest. In the Conqueror's abbey
today British and American civil
affairs officers who have been spe-
cially trained for months are re-
storing order in Caen with the CO.
operation of the local authorities,
taking over the feeding of the popu-
lace and rushing in food.
Collaborat zionist Dismissed.
The local officials cooperate, but
one OF the first acts of the civil
affairs officers was to dismiss the
collaborationist prefect of the town.
Americans in the unit are headed by
1t. Col. John Giles of Georgetown,
Tex, with Capt. John Wilson of st.
Louis and Capt. ]. H. Gwin OF
Dallas, Tex.
One other shrine dear to his
torically minded tourists is the un-
(see HENRY, Page A-5J
Evening star., 1944-07-11
Compromise Reported in Row
Between Nelson and Military
WPB Agrees to DeIoy One of Four Orders
For Limited Output of Civilian Goods

and district ofIices to make spot
authorizations for production of
civilian goods to manufacturers
whenever manpower and materials
were available which field officials
considered we're not needed for war
production
The three relaxat ton orders, is
suance OF which the military leaders
we're said to have agreed to, include
revocation of war restrictions on the
use of aluminium and magnesium
the granting of permission to all
manufacturers to begin acquisition
of machine tools and other factory
equipment needed for postwar oper-
alton and the release of materials
and components so that manufac-
turers could make one model of any
item they plan for postwar manu-
facture.
Ofncials consider the order WPB
agreed to withhold bv far the most
important of the four involved in
the controversy. 1t is the only one
which would have permitted manu-
See RECONVERSION. Page A-21
Evening star., 1944-07-11
D. T.. 10 Start Draftino
Men Over Is 10 Fill
Quotas Next Month
Coils for requirements
Found to Exceed Pool
Of Younger eIieibIes
By MIRIAM GUTENBERG.

Three out OF every four Dis
trict draft-age men already
have either been drafted or
found unfit for military service,
leaving such a small supply OF
available draft eligibles that the
pool of men under 26 years old
will be exhausted by mid August,
it was learned today.
The District will start meeting
calls next month with men 26 and
over, first drafting the few remain
ing men who are not eligible for oc-
cupational deferments and, at the
same time. Tightening up on job de-
ferments in the 1923 age group.
Calls for men have been reduced
as the armed forces 90 mainly on a
replacement basis, it was pointed
out, but the calls still are too large
to be met with men turning 10 and
those without claims to occupational
deferment. Some occupational de-
ferments in the 26-29 age group will
not be renewed. District Draft Di.
rector William E. Leahy said.
Maryland Quotas Low.
Col. Henry c. Stanwood. thu
Maryland draft director, also re.
ported that Maryland's month";,
draft quotas have declined to 6
point where they represent almost
entirely the number of replacement.
required by battle casualties, Hines.
or other causes. The August cal
on Maryland for men. he reported
will be about Is per cent of that Of
the highest month on record. Fol
ISan M E0H nana IN
Evening star., 1944-07-11
BY JOHN M. HIGHTOWER,
Associated Press Sta6 Writer


Pres sident RooSevelt's hands
trembled with nervous emotion and
he stopped once to light a cigarette
and compose himself, as he told his
news conference today he would ac-
cept fourth term If the American
people vote it.
The Chief Executive put on q
dramatic performance for a rela-
lively small group of reporters. Only
80 attended the unusual Tuesday
morning conference in comparison
with 200 or more at some con-
ferences.
The conference began with Mr.
Roosevelt relating the results of his
talks with Gen. Charles de Gaulle
leader Of the French National Com
mittee of Liberation.
When this subject had been ex.
hausted, the Chief Executive eau
toned reporters they should not
give the usual conferelee CLOSING
signal Thank you. Mr.. President.
Evening star., 1944-07-11
Two Towns By-Pa5set
In Drive on Leehorn
EnveIopine Move Aimed
At Key ItoIion Port
BY the Associated Press,

ROME, July Employing en-
circling tactics against stubbornly
defended and heavily fortified Ger
man strongholds, American troops
were working their way steadily
northward today in broad en-
veloping movement aimed at the KEY
italian port of Livorno Leghorn).
Allied headquarters announced
that 5th Army forces had by-passed
the town of Lajatico, 81 miles
southeast of Livorno, in one phase
of this movement and had stabbed
on ahead against fierce opposition.
A similar operation resulted in
the passing of Pomaja, about 8
miles inland from the italian west
coast and midway between Lajatico
and the coastal town of Castiglion-
cello. Troops which drove around
Pomaja on the east subsequently
captured the village of Casale, /
mile to the north.
The Tooth Battalion, composed of
American troops of Japanese origin,
was engaged in violent fighting on
relatively fat ground miles west
OF Pomaja and was reported making
some progress.
The German garrison at Pomala
thus was threatened on two sides,
! and the Nazi force at Laiatico wac
: IN much the same position.
Evening star., 1944-07-11
By JAMES Y. NEWTON.

The bitter battle over resump-
ton of limited civilian produc-
ton between Chairman Nelson
OF the War Production Board
and military officials apparently
ended in compromise this after
noon when WPB repeatedly
agreed to postpone issuance OF
one of it's four orders to free
manufacturers from some war
time restrictions.
War Mobilization Director Byrne.
was said to have worked out tn.
compromise under which the Arm,
and Navy consented to the issuance
of three of the orders they hav,
so strongly opposed. A specia
meeting Of WPB, which include.
high War and Navy Department
omcials, was called for this aft.
ernoon, presumably to formally enc
the long controversy.
The order WPB was reported tt
have agreed to withhold was one
empowering the agency's regional
Evening star., 1944-07-11

Mr.. Roosevelt explained that he
had something further to say. Any
way, he added, he had had the doors
locked.
Merriman Smith of the United
Press commented that if the doors
were locked. 1t must mean that
something important was coming
up.
Bert Andrews OF the New York
Herald Tribune, who in past con-
ferences has asked many fourth
term questions without success,
put in:
Is this about your fourth term
intentions, Mr.. President?"
That Is purely speculation, but
for once you are right" Mr.. Roose-
welt replied with grin.
Nobody said anything.
The President, smiling broadly
said. did you hear that?" Then
there was an uneasy. excited stir a.
reporters realized that the story they
had worked 50 lok to get now vas
being handed them on platter.
Evening star., 1944-07-11
u. ). Bombers Attach
Munich and TouIon
In 2-Way Assault
Doy Roids Follow Up
Mosquitoes Night
Blow at Berlin
By the Associated Press


LONDON. July 1l.-A fleet of
1000 American planes attacked
the Munich area of Southern
Germany today while another
force of United States Liberators
struck from Italy at Toulon, in
the south of France.
About 100 of the Munich attack
force were heavy bombers. the rest
were fighters.
The raids followed up night at
tacks in which British Mosquitoes
raided Berlin with tWo-ton bombs
Touion, graveyard of the scut-
tied French feet. lies to the east
Of the Rhone Valley, historic in
vasion avenue 1t was the sixth at
tack on this port from Italy. the
last previous raid being on July S
Crewmen reported a good pattern
Of bombs on the harbor installa-
tions, including German submarine
pens.
/ The exact targets around Munich
were not Immediately identified. The
weather was bad. forcing Flying
Fortresses and Liberators to cast
their high explosive loads by instru-
ment through cloud layers.
Second Blow in Five DAYS.
/ The attack was the second massed
American blow at the Reich in five
days. Last Friday an armada
bombed oil refineries and airplane
plants aroung Leipzig. destroying ia
German planes at cost of Sc
bombers and fighters.
! The Germans told of sky battles
over Munich, shrine city of the Nazi
party. Intense fax was declared
thrown up at the attackers. Mu-
Mich is a railway center for traffic
into Italy and France and a fire.
quent Allied target 1t is Germany S
fourth city. the capital of Bavaria
and 25 miles north of the foothills
| of the Alps
While one group of Mosquitoes
,See AERIAL, Page A-2l
Evening star., 1944-07-11
ReadytoServe
|fPeop|eCa|I
orFourth Term
Letter to Honnegon
Expresses Preference
For Private Life
(TeIt OF Roosevelt -Hnnnegan
Letters on Page A-4.)
By GOULD LINCOLN.

President Roosevelt announced
today that, if nominated for a
fourth term he will run. and II
elected, he will serve.
His statement, contained in .
letter to Chairman Robert E. Han
negan of the Democratic National
Committee, was made public at his
press conference at the White
House.
1t sets at rest all speculation as
to the Presidents future political
plans. His announced determina-
ton to run was coupled with an
assertion that if he followed his
own personal desires he would re-
tire to his home on the Hudson at
the conclusion Of his present term.
Presidents Superior Officer.
Every one of our sons serving in
this war has officers from whom
he takes his orders" the President
said in his letter to Mr.. Hannegan.
Such officers have superior officers.
The President is Commander in
Chief and he. too. has his superior
ofhcer-the people of the United
States"
In Albany. N. Y, Gov. Thomas E.
Dewey. Republican presidential
nominee, had no comment on Mr..
Roosevelt's statement.
! The President first read to his
press conference one letter in which
Mr. Hannegan informed him that a
ma jority of the delegates to the
Democratic National Convention
were compelled by law to vote for
his denomination.
Il feel it is my duty. Mr. Presi-
dent, as chairman of the Democratic
National Committee Mr.. Hanne-
gan wrote, Ito report to you the fact
that the national convention will.
during its deliberations in Chicago.
tender to you the nomination of the
party ="
HaDnegan Asks Decision.
Mr. Hannegan requested the Pres
|; ident to send to the convention or
otherwise convey to the people Of
the United States IAN expression
that you will again respond to tbs
call of the party and the people
When the President concluded
Evening star., 1944-07-11

reading the two letters, an effort
was made to question him about the
vice presidential nomination.
Laughing, he said: You've got
enough. Now get out"
The doors of the Presidents ONCE
were unlocked, and the reporters
rushed out.
The President in his letter said
he would accept and serve. but I
would not run, in the usual partisan
political sense. But If the people
command me to continue in this
Office and in this war I have as little
right to withdraw as the soldier has
to leave his post in the line"
Throughout the letter Mr.. Roose-
welt stressed the fact that 1t was his
duty, if the people wished him to
serve another term, to make the
race and to serve if elected, because
Of the war conditions that prevail.
Accepts rs Good Soldier.
In his concluding psragra oh. after
he had expressed his personal de-
sires not again to be a candidate.
he said:
Therefore reluctantly, out as
good soldier. l repeat that / will
accept and serve in this Office, If
am so ordered by the commander in
chief of us all-the sovereign peo-
pie of the United States"
Just what the President meant
when he said he would not run in
the usual partisan. political sense"
has yet to Se developed. In soma
quarters it was interpreted as mean
ing that he would not make a
partisan political campaign. How
this could be avoided remains to
be seen, however. since he will be
the candidate of ajor political
party.
The President opened his news
conference in good humor. After
he had discussed his recent confer
tSee ROOSEVELT, page A-4)
Evening star., 1944-07-11
95 Degrees Forecast
| For This Afternoon:
| No Relief in Siqht

Washington can expect an
other bout with temperatures in
the middle or high COS today,
the Weather Bureau predicted
in estimating a high of 95 for
late this afternoon. The wind
is expected to shift to the
southwest, bringing hotter air
with it.
The bureau could promise no
relief from either the heat or
the drought. The Middle West
is enjoying scattered showers,
the forecaster said, but none are
in prospect for the parched
Washington area.
Tomorrow's high may be 96,
the bureau said. The ther-
mometer dropped to "a degrees
at $40 a m. today, but had risen
to 86 at noon.
Evening star., 1944-07-11
Record Use Of Wafer
May Bring Order 10
Restrict Use Here
1877 Million GoIIons
Consumed Yesterday Set
New High for District

Citing record breaking 1877
million gallons Of water filtered
yesterday by the Washington
Aqueduct System, the Commits
sioners' Committee on Water
Conservation warned today that
increasing consumption could
not continue without restric-
tions being placed on water use.
The previous sll-time high was
reached Friday when 1874 200 600
gallons was filtered. while last sum-
mer the highest amount in any one
day was 1877 ,00O, 600 gallons Since
the amount OF water filtered is
roughly equal to consumption, wa
Evening star., 1944-07-11

ter officials estimate that yester-
days consumption averaged about
1873 gallons per person in Washing
ton and Arlington County.
Spokesman of the committee. who
said they issued their warning be-
cause of the capacity of the Wash
ington Aqueduct can be reached" if
additional amounts of water are
used, attributed the increase to the
intense heat and drought. The in
crease in water consumption. how
ever, Is less than was indicated by
the rise in population. which leads
water officials to hope that the con-
servation program is having some
effect.
PBA Has Retrenched.
A spokesman of the Public Build
ing Administration, who attended q
meeting of the Conservation Com
mittee yesterday. said that to con-
serve water, his agency had cut
down on sprinkling of lawns, use OF
ornamental, noncirculating foun-
tains and had transferred some air.
conditioning units to a recirculatine
water supply 1t was emphasized
that ornamental fountains should
not be confused with drinking
fountains.
The warning against increased use
OF water was made by E. A. Schmitt
(See WATER, Page A-2D
Evening star., 1944-07-11
Mrs. Roosevelt Says
Husbands Decision
Was News to Her

BY the Associated Press.
DAYTON, Ohio. July IL
Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt said to-
day her husbands decision to
accept a fourth term was all
news to her.
The first she knew of it. Mrs.
Roosevelt said, was when re-
porters approached her during
a luncheon at Wright Field.
The President doesn't discuss
such things with me-" she
added. Many people think that
he does, but most often the first
know of some decision is when
! see it in the papers"
Mrs. Roosevelt stopped here
en- route to Yellow Springs.
Ohio, to speak at Antioch Col
lege's institute on peace to-
night.