davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1944-09-27
u. 5. Experts Believe
Jap War Might Last
Years After Nazis Fall
owl Report Cites Foes
Huge Labor Reservoir
And Material StockpiIe
BY JAMES Y. NEWTON.

The Office of War Information
reported today that the Nations
military and civilian experts be-
lieve it may take years to defeat
Japan and that lone and a half
to two years after the defeat of
Germany is considered an abso-
Lutte minimum"
In a report on the status of the
Pacific war, based on figures. esti-
mates and opinions of top men in
the armed forces, State Department
and Foreign Economic Administra-
ton, Owl depicted long, hard
struggle, with the Japs still in pos
session OF vast quantities of war
materials and almost unlimited
manpoWer resources.
owl conceded the firal outcome
of the war in the Pacific is in
evitable, what with the ''overwhelm-
ing power this Nation ana our Al
lies can muster against Japan fol-
lowing Germany's defeat. but
pointed out we have barely scratched
the surface in breaking down the
enemy's power to resist final de-
struction.
Perhaps the most striking example
of the strength that still is Japan's
was in the estimate of her military
manpower resources. 1t showed the
Japs have not gone nearly as far as
We in mastering her army to full
strength.
Owl placed the present size of
the Jap army at 100000 men. less
than a third Vt whom are south of
China and Formosa and perhaps
subject to humiliation in our ir-
restible island-jumping campaign
In addition, she has 100000 men
available and fit for military service
who have not been called up and
another $500, 900 between the ages
of II and 20, not yet subject to the
draft. We have been inducing 18-
year-olds for a year. Japan has a
normal replacement of about 250,000
men year. as fresh drafts come of
age. greater than the current rate
of destruction of her armies.
To blockade Japan effectively,
owl said we would have to cut her
off not only from the Philippines and
East Indies, but also from Formosa
and the mainland of Asia from
which she obtains most of her food
imports and considerable direct
military supplies.
Allied Net Strategic Advantages.
Listed as met strategic advant-
ages favoring the Allies" in the
battle of the Pacific were the follow
ing:
Tremendous Allied war production,
running perhaps eight times the
output of the Japs; assertion of Pa
cif1c commanders that Japan has
lost the power for strategic offensive
Evening star., 1944-09-27
Bombed Out Londoners
Face Flu Epidemic Threat
6y the Associated Press

BY the Associated Press.
LONDON, Sept. 27-Unless living
accommodations can be provided for
thousands of bombed-out Londoners,
the city will be threatened with an
influenza epidemic this winter which
may work even greater devastation
than the war;" Labor Minister Err
nest Bevin declared today.
He told builders and repairmen
"the health of London is in your
hands" and said rebuilding of the
metropolis ranked as a military
operation.
London had brief alert early
today as a few buzzbombs zoomed
over Southern England for the
eleventh night in a row.
An oficial announcement said:
EARLY this morning the enemy
directed flying bombs against the
southern counties. including the
London area. Damage and casual
ties have been reported"
Evening star., 1944-09-27
|PAC Follows Communist Line,
Dies Chief Investigator Says
See Owl, Page A-4.)

the 141 members. over 80 per cent
have had aff1liation with the Com
munist party or its front organiza-
tions during the past 10 years"
Details Of such Affiliations, he said,
would be supplied by the Dies Com
mittee's research director, j. B. Ma
thews, at a later hearing.
Mr.. STRIPPING said he would pre-
sent evidence which makes it clear
that the CIO-PAC was by-product
of the Communist party of the
United States and further that its
program is now being directed and
carried on in certain sections of the
country by well-known Communist
leaders"
He also possesses evidence, Mr..
STRIPPING added, showing that Gov
ernment officials and employees were
working "for and with the PAC"
while they were on the Government
payroll.
Mr.. STRIPPING contended the PAC
changed its name in June to cir
cumvent the provisions of the
Smith-Connally Act" restricting po-
litical activity by labor groups.
He said there was no evidence to
support the assumption that the
PAC was "a political organization
formed by and for the rank and file
of labor in the CIO." Mr.. Stripping
said some Of its leaders and directors
have q background not identified
with labor.
Evening star., 1944-09-27
Italy Virtually Partner COP Leaders Expect
OF Allies Under Policy Michigan Victory by
0fRooseve|t, Churchill $4,000 or More
Restoration Of Trade and
Diplomatic Relations
Agreed on at Hyde Park
BY JOSEPH Fl. BAIRD.

Ihe Italian people, now free
ing themselves of Fascism
emerged today as virtually full
and free partners of the Allies as
the result of a new policy toward
Rome announced here and in
London by President Roosevelt
and Prime Minister Churchill.
This policy, agreed on by the two
statesmen at conference at Hyde
Park, N. Y, on September 1919, fol-
lowing the Quebec meeting, provides
for the restoration of trade and
diplomatic relations with Italy and
for relaxation of Allied military
control. giving the Rome govern
ment increased power and respon-
sibility.
When the two leaders concluded
their momentous conference at Que
bee on military planning on Septem-
ber Is, newspapermen were told that
they would hold off the record"
conversations somewhere else Only
now, however, has the place and
subject of the talks been revealed.
Controls to Be Relaxed.
The President and the Prime Min
lister. in their joint statement last
night, said the Italians, now freed of
Fascist rule, had demonstrated
their will to be free, to fight on the
side of the democracies and to take
place among the United Nations
devoted to principles of peace and
justice"
Relaxation of many of the con-
trolls which the Allies have applied
to Italy during the last IL months
was prompted, the statement i'm
piled. by the demonstration given
by the Italian people that they have
definitely thrown in their lot
with the democracies. The specific
changes to be made in Anglo
American relations with Italy are:
l. An increasing measure of con-
troll" will be given the Italian gov
Continued on Page AZ, Column -
Evening star., 1944-09-27
Dispute Over Germony's Future
Extends to European Board
Allied Industrial Control Unit Suggested
To Handle Reich's Postwar Production

8. The contention that German
industry, using German labor under
Allied supervision. could be thrown
into gear Immediately to provide re-
lief and rehabilitation goods needed
in many sections of Europe.
4. The argument-especially or
the part of smaller nations-that
closing Germany's mines would cut
Off materials. particularly coal
which they will need for rebuilding
S. Belief held in some quarters
that Russia-and perhaps France
and the Netherlands-Will want to
use Germanys munitions factories
as an arms supply source for war
against Japan.
Under the plan, profits would be
denied German industrialists and
incentive stimulated by armies OF
occupation enforcing production de-
mands for the able bodied along the
simple lines of those who work will
eat
The European Advisory Commits
sion includes representatives of the
United States, Britain and Russia.
The Manchester Guardian editori-
ally assailed the hard peace plan
as bad because it is impractical
and because it would penalize the
whole of Europe"
1t is not concern for the German
people which matters so much as our
own interest said the paper. In
Mr.. Morgenthaus plan We can see
no hope of peace which will af-
ford the assurance that all the men
in all the lands may live out their
lives in freedom from fear and
want ;"
Evening star., 1944-09-27
By the Associated Press.


LONDON, Sept. 27.-The dis
pute over Germany'S economic
future has extended to the tri-
power European Advisory Com
mission with a strong possibility
it will decide on creation of an
Allied industrial control commits
sion to handle Germany's post
war production.
This solution, it was learned to-
day, would be in the nature OF a
compromise between those who
advocate turning the country into
an agricultural state and those who
believe that to paralyze its industry
would disrupt Europe's economy.
1t would be designed as stopgap
measure, insurlng continued pro-
duction until the United Nations
later worked out Germany'S eco
nomic fate. This question inevitably
will involve consideration of repa-
rationS.
Behind the support for this plan
are these factors:
l. Mounting conviction that whole
sale eradication of industry never
would gain full support to a degree
necessary for its efficient realization
without creating discord among the
Allies.
2. Mechanical difficulties involved
in splitting up the industrial spoils
equitably without protracted study
of the claims of both victorious and
occupied countries whose industries
We're wrecked or removed by the
NaziS.
Evening star., 1944-09-27
Wage and Price ControINeeded
Until Jap Defeat, Byrnes Says
Rotionine Also Seen
As Essential After
Nuzis Are Beaten

Wage and price control. along
with rationing. must remain in
effect until Japan-as we'll as
Germany-is defeated. War Mo-
bilization Director James F.
Byrnes said today in a speech
at the National Press Club, in
which he discussed the problems
to be faced as this country winds
up the war and turns to peace.
Mr.. Byrnes' comment on wages
attracted particular attention be-
cause of the current drive by labor
to relax the Little Steel Formula. y
which limits basic wage increases
to Is per cent above the level of
January /, 1914
Asserting that price and wage
stabilization have hurt neither the
Evening star., 1944-09-27
Remnants Of Lost Air Division
Withdrawn to South Of Rhine;
Allied Forces Land in Albania
Sea, Air Troops
Seek to Block
Fleeing Nozis
By the Associated Press.

bs tne Associated PresS.
ROME, Sept. 27.-Allied sea
and air-borne troops have land
ed in Albania and on islands of
YugoSlavia in operations to block
German detachments fleeing
from the Balkans toward the
Reich, the Allied command an
nounced today.
Land forces of the Adriatic" al
ready were operating on a wide
front in the Adriatic area of Al
bania, a Balkan Air Force COM
munique said.
No indication was given Of the
size OF the units involved. Evidently
the purpose was to provide still an
other facet to the many-sided
squeeze Of the Nazis in Southeastern
Europe.
Nazis Report Extensive Landings.
The German radio said the land
ings were made from Albania along
the whole Dalmation coast" which
lies to the north in Yugoslavia. An
other broadcast from Berlin by tie
official news agency DNB said
strong naval and air forces at
tackled the island groups of the
Dalmatian coast "on broad front" "
and that fighting continued.
The Allied naval command said
Royal Navy landing craft, supported
by destroyers and light coastal YES
sells, had been operating since Sep
tember Is among the Southern Dali
nation islands off Yugoslavia. carry
ing Allied troops and Partisans. who
were striking at German withdrawal
routes.
Gan IStanbul dispatch said
Greek Patriots took over the
Island of Samothrake, 55 miles
Evening star., 1944-09-27
Fourth Overseas Edition
Ready for Moilino

The fourth issue of The
Stars new Overseas Edition is
available today at. The Stars
business counter and at the
Victory Bond booth at Lans-
burgh's Department Store. It
is free, with an envelope,
ready for mailing to Washing
ton men and women in the
services. The edition Is limited.
Evening star., 1944-09-27
McNutt Asserts
VINO Rules Will
End on VE-Duy
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press
NEW YORK, Sept. 27.-With
the defeat of Germany 100000
workers will be released from
their present jobs, the munitions
program will be cut back 40 per
cent and manpower controls as
national requirement will not
be necessary. Chairman Paul v.
McNutt of the War Manpower
Commission said today.
Mr.. McNutts statement on man.
power was read before an indus
trial relations conference of the
American Management Association
by Lawrence Appley. vice president
of Wick Chemical Co. and former
deputy manpower commissioner. In
the address he had prepared but
(See McNIITT Paoe AsD
Evening star., 1944-09-27
Soviet Flyers Batter
Nazi Transport Trying
To Escape From Riga
300 Communities Taken
In Three-Woy Drive on
Lotvion Capital
BY The Associated Press.

MOSCOW, Sept. 27.-The Ger
man retreat to Riga was turned
into a desperate stampede today
by swiftly pursuing Red Army
armor and infantry which had
cleared Northern Latvia to with
in 80 miles of the Baltic seaport.
North and east OF Riga the enemy
was making no attempt to hold an
organized line but the overland
escape corridor westward from the
city along the coast in the direc-
ton of East Prussia was being kept
open regardless of losses, front dis
patches said.
The Red Air Force wrecked hun
dreds of trucks and dozens of rail-
way cars being used by the Germans
to flee from the Northern Baltic.
In a three-directional drive on
Riga the Russians yesterday over
ran more than 300 communities.
Estonia Liberated.
For all practical purposes neigh
boring Estonia to the north already
was liberated.
A communique last night said Red
Army troops captured 200 places
yesterday in clearing up Estonias
west coast Few Germans now rec
main on Estonian soil except those
on the fortress islands offshore.
On the southern end of the east
ern front the Russians appeared to
be concentrating new pressure on
Hungary. Though nothing was said
officially concerning Hungary there
seemed reason to believe the COM
blned Russian and Romanian armies
are battering at its borders and al
ready may have crossed.
tTodayS German communiuue
suggested that the Russians had
invaded Hungary proper on a
1l0-mile front between the sec
ond largest Hungarian city of
Szeged and the Romanian border
city of Oradea.
con the Hungarian -Romanian
border, fierce defensive and Of
fensive fighting continues with
VAN oN'oiSlAlS CllCHly lOICtS SO-
ing on into the areas of Szeged,
Gyula and GrossWarden Ora
dea)," the broadcast German
communique said)
Nazis Fight Desperately.
Buy it was at Riga the Germans
had been placed in the most obvious
peril. The Nazis were fighting des-
perate rearguard actions around the
port as Red armies closed in from
three directions. On the south the
Red Army was last reported only 6
miles away.
The Germans still hold a narrow
corridor from Riga along the Baltic
Coast to East Prussia. but it was
under constant Russian air attack.
The enemy appeared to be pulling
back into Riga-either for a last
ditch stand or to attempt an evacu-
alton by sea.
Along the Polish -Czechoslovakian
border, where heavy fighting is in
progress, the Russians battered their
way through deep fortifications and
seized Turka, IL miles from the
frontier. Nine other communities
In that mountainous region also fell.
Evening star., 1944-09-27
MihoiIovich's S Son
Is Freed by Tito
By the Associated Press.

NEW YORK, Sept. 27.-The Free
Yugoslav radio said today that the
son of Gen. Draja Mihailovich, who
was reported captured in Valjevo
last week, by the forces of Marshal
Tito, had been set free because an
investigation had established that
he was mot a war criminal"
The broadcast was reported by
the Federal Communicate tions Com
mission
Evening star., 1944-09-27
Serious Setback Seen
For CIO if Roosevelt
FoiIs to Garry State
BY GOULD LINCOLN,
Star Stan Correspondent


DETROIT. Sept. 27.-CIO's
Political Action Committee is on
trial in a big way in Michigan.
II it fails to deliver this State
to President Roosevelt - who
lost it to Wendell Willkie by only
1000 votes four years ago-the
C1O, as a political organization,
will have suffered a serious set
back.
Under the leadership of August
Scholle, the PAC is making des-
perate efforts to get all workers
whether they belong to the CIO or
MOTTO register, on the theory that
the vast majority of them will 60 to
the polls and plunk for Mr.. Roose-
welt.
Mr. Scholle is an aggressive
organizer-trying his hand for the
first time at political organization
He and his helpers have been effec-
tive, not only in Wayne County
Detroit-but also in other industrial
centers. Up to last Saturday night
the Detroit City Election Commits
sion reported 666,248 persons had
been registered.
This is 1000 less than were
registered in Detroit in 1910 at
a similar date in the Presiden-
tial campaign. However, regis
trations tn recent weeks have been
coming in at a rate of 1000 more
per week than was the case four
years ago. Also, there is the SOL
dier vote to be taken into con-
sideration.
Officials of the Election Commits
sion therefore believe that by the
time October 18 rolls around, the
final day for registration, the
722,207 total registration in 1910
will have been equalled if not sur
passed
Republicans Are Confident.
President Roosevelt carried Wayne
County against Mr.. Willkie by ap-
proximately l75,00O. The Repub-
licans say he must do much better
than this in Detroit if he is to carry
Michigan against Gov. Thomas E.
Dewey.
The situation today is that the Re-
publicans are confident Gov. Dewey
will win in Michigan-they esti-
mate a margin of victory from so 900
to loo, ,0O0-and the Democrats and
the CIO leaders admit they have an
uphill fight.
For If Mr.. Roosevelt, through the
aid Of the CIO, gets more votes in
Wayne County and in some of the
other industrial centers, it is lust
as likely that Gov. Dewey will get a
larger vote elsewhere in the State.
Furthermore. this is one of the
biggest States in which the Repub-
licans have won complete control
in the last few years. The Demo-
cratic organization has been shot
to pieces in consequence, and the
Roosevelt leaders are placing their
reliance for victory on the activities
Of the C1O Political Action Com
mittee.
Many Of the AL leaders are going
(Continded on Page A. column j.
Evening star., 1944-09-27
Counterattack Drives
Yanks From Portion
OF Key Hill in Italy
Germons Lose Heavily
In Stob at 5th Army;
British Gain Slightly
By he Associated Pres.

! ROME, Sept. 27.-A strong
German counterattack in which,
an official report declared the
Nazi commander expended lib
orally his personnel" has driven
Americans of the 5th Army
from a portion of a strategic hill,
20 miles south of Bologna, the
Allied command announced to-
day.
Meanwhile the 9th Army extend
ed its bridgeheads across the Rubi-
con. one-time boundary of repub-
lican Rome and Cisalpine Gaul in
the southeastern edge of the Pc Val
ley, and fought its way into the out
skirts of Bellaria. nearly miles
northwest of Rimini on the Ravenna
road.
The 5th Army command said
Marshal Albert Kesselring had
moved elements of three more in
fantry divisions into position against
American spearheads now aimed
down the northern slopes of the
/ Apennlnes after cracking the middle
of the Gothic Line.
Nazis Use More Artillery.
The Germans also were said to
have stepped up use of artillery con-
slderably in an attempt to break the
weight of the Allied attack. Many
huge ITO and 280 millimeter guns
are firing on the Americans, front
reports said.
| The German counterattack which
dislodged the doughboys from the
strategic hill, described as Monte
La Fine hill mass, was made the
night Of September Is. Headouar-
ters declared efforts are bing made
made to regain the sector"
Northwest Of Firenzuola the Amer
leans cracked enemy resistance and
seized Monte Benz. % airline miles
due south of Bologna. They also
won the south slopes of nearby
Monte F'reddi. Casellaccia, 212 miles
southwest of Monte Freddi, was
taken.
5th Army Advances.
Northeast of Firenzuola the 5th
Army captured Monte Acute and
Monte Pratolungo, connected by
trunk highway which passes
through the mountains to Imola in
the Pc Valley Is miles away.
On the 5th Army right flank Brit
ish forces captured Bocconi. d miles
southwest of Forli on Highway 81.
Other British columns were slowed
by increasing resistance.
The enemy gave ground only Stub
bornly on the 5th Armys western
flank near the coast, but official
reports said continued attacks were
made on enemy strongpoints in diff
cult mountain territory by the Bra
zllians, aided by American elements.
The Germans were using new 88-
mlllimeter antitank guns against
the British in the Rubicon River
area. Eighth Army headquarters
said it was the first 88-millimeter
made expressly as an antitank
weapon At least three of the guns
were captured.
German supply problems were in
creased yesterday when American
Marauder bombers knocked out six
Po Valley bridges. including 1850
foot temporary rail bridge at Ostigli,
40 miles north of Bologna.
Evening star., 1944-09-27
Appeal for Armistice
From Hungary Expected
BY the Associated Press

BY the Associated Press,
LONDON, Sept. 27.-The Paris
radio, quoting ~Istanbul diplomatic
circles, said it was believed today it
was "only question of hours" be-
fore Hungary appeals to the Allies
through Turkey for an armistice.
The broadcast was heard by the
Associated Press.
Evening star., 1944-09-27
Romsoy Back in Commons

LONDON. Sept. q P).-Capt.
Archibald Ramsay took his seat in
Commons today after his release
from Brixton Prison. where he was
held for the last four years under
defense regulations.
Evening star., 1944-09-27
Todoy's Political
Broudcusts

7 pm, WMAL, Mrs. Franklin
P. Adams, Leon Janney and
Ethel Barrymore Colt, speak
ing on why they are voting
for Roosevelt and Truman.
8:l5 pm, VOL, Representative
Dirksen, Republican, of Illi-
nois, campaigning for Dewey,
from Washington.
10 pm, VOL, Gov. Thomas E.
Dewey, rebroadcast of his
Monday night speech from
Oklahoma City.
Evening star., 1944-09-27
Nazi Garrison DESTROYED.

The Allied commands announce
ment said land operations thus far
included destruction of the Ger
man garrison at Himara, in Albania.
The operation made use of the Al
banian coastal road so precarious
for the Germans that "the enemy
was forced to send supplies to other
ISee RAIKANS paoa A-2I
Evening star., 1944-09-27

west of Gallipoli, yesterday after
Bulgarian occupying troops left,
and that the Germans had evac-
uated the islands of Paros and
Naxos in the Cvclades group. The
Nazis also are abandoning the
Aegean Island of Lemnos, an
important submarine and air
base, it added.
Cairo announced four huge
German troop-carrylng aircraft
had been shot down by Beau
fighters over the Aegean. indi-
eating the enemy was trying to
evacuate key personnel from
Greece by air Four other big
German planes were sent down
by Middle East pilots, and Allied
fighters shot up German trans
pOrG on Crete.l
Evening star., 1944-09-27

tSee DEWEY, Page A-6D
Evening star., 1944-09-27

'See BYRNES. Page A-5D
Evening star., 1944-09-27

(See McNUTT, Page AS
Evening star., 1944-09-27
Muus River Drive
Pushed by Allies
On Wide Front
BULLETIN.

NEW YORK P).-NBC's
David Anderson broadcast
from the western front today
that Of the British troops in
he Arnhem pocket, at least
1000 had been evacuated to
the south bank of the Rhine
River by this morning. Twelve
hundred wounded British air
borne troops were left behind
and are under the care of the
German commander, he said.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-05-23
Waste Paper
Drive Pushed

Waste paper salvage workers OF
the Detroit area have intensified
their drive efforts at the request
Of the war department, with the
result that three major collec-
tons will be made by June IL.
Inminence of the European in
vasion and the fact that more
than 100000 items shipped 10 our
armed forces require the use Of
paper and cardboard are response
ole for the urgent appeal.
All public and parochial schools
Of Detroit and Highland Park will
conduct a paper collection begin
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-05-23
1917, Vet. Get u S Jobs Hospital Insrss.s Planned

WASHINGTON, May % QNS)
90 The civil service commission
announced today that 3l.263 war
veterans were placed In federal
civil service Jobs in the first three
months Of 1914, bringing the total
for such placements TO 1858 for
the IS months ended March 81.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-05-23

NEW YORK, May % (INS) -
The Veterans Administration is
planning TO expand its present
facilities from $1,000 hospital beds
to as many as 100000 If postwar
needs warrant, DR.. Martin Cooley
told the medical society of the
county of New York last night.