davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1944-06-22
Cooperation and Fairness

Cooperation and Fairness
To the Editor of The Star:
Your editorial In Sundays issue, Exit
the Finnish Minister" has given me
fresh admiration for your intelligent
appreciation of and consideration for
world relations.
The Finnish situation is delicate, as
is always the case when the integrity of
nations or individuals Is invaded for
reasons of exploitation. The Firms. are
fighting for honest self-preservation and
protection, not with Germany.
believe the fundamental question to
be settled in the status of Finland, as
well as other international difficulties, Is
a spiritual one in which all economic
fairness is included.
My husband, q former Federal fuel
administrator, in appealing to the coal
industry for fair dealing quoted the
words Of the Great Economist" of Naz-
areth. and an inspired young British
clergyman said: I'VE are free only in
the unity OF interdependence" To my
mind, lasting peace, the desire of ma
tions, will come only through fair, un-
selfish individual and international CO.
operation.
MAY ROGERS WADLEIGH.
Evening star., 1944-06-22

characteristic of the voices of free
dom to be a trifie of key. Big Ben,
confessedly, was designed by an
amateur, Beckett Denison by name.
1t was christened in tribute to Sir
Benjamin Hall, First Commissioner
of Works at the time of the Clock
Towers construction. The date Of
the original casting was 1858. 1t
seemingly was when somebody tin
kered with the huge tintinnabulum
on a later occasion that it's fissure
developed. What matters, however,
is that the celebrated sound of Lon
don calling" should continue to be
heard and that it should not be
changed beyond recognition.
Evening star., 1944-06-22
This Changing World
BY Constantine Broscn

Pacific. The three strategy trainers,
Admiral King, Admiral Nimitz and Gen.
Macarthur have their own professional
differences of opinion, which are quickly
ironed out when it becomes obvious that
one of them has the right conception.
The plan to attack the Japanese in
the Marianas was Admiral Nimitz's idea.
1t met with some opposition at first,
when Gen. Macarthur believed that q
direct attack on the Philippines might
be more advantageous. But N1mltZ's
strategy was readily understood and
heartily indorsed by the military COM
mander in the South Pacific.
The attack against the Marianas Of
fered two-fold advantage. 1t brings
the American naval and air forces
closer to Japan and the Japanese lines
of communication with the South Pa
cific which thus become vulnerable from
the air and from the submarine and
naval bases we hope to establish there.
1t also may compel the reluctant jap
anese fleet to give battle. Our naval
superiority Is such that naval quarters
have no doubt about the outcome OF
the battle ii the Japanese are unable
to avoid "a naval showdown.
Neither Admiral King nor Admiral
Nimitz underestimates the Japanese
Navy. In spite of Its losses since the
Midway battle, the modern Japanese
feet is good and can shoot straight.
No one in the Navy believes that q
major engagement between the jap
anese and American naval and air
forces will be walkover. the Amer
ican high command anticipates heavy
losses but has no doubt as to the final
outcome
Even If the Japs have been able Sc
cretly to build battleships powerful
enough to match our Iowa and North
Carolina classes, it Is highly doubtful
that they have as large number of
such ships. Neither have they as many
fast and powerful cruisers and de-
stroyers as we have.
X
The speed with which we have been
able to build in three years the most
powerful navy the world has ever seen
has enabled the high command to look
to the Pacific theater, which at pres
ent has no political pitfalls, with more
confidence than to the war across the
Atlantic
The British have placed the bulk of
their fleet in the fight against Hitler,
enabling us to concentrate 80 per cent
Of our newly commissioned fighting
ships in the Pacific where Nimitz has
q homogeneous, wel-trained and fully
inspired" navy.
Evening star., 1944-06-22

High Washington authorities are
hopeful that the Japanese will accept
the challenge of the American fleet.
But whether the enemy intends to "en-
gage" at the present time or wait for
a better opportunity is still matter OF
speculation.
In some quarters it is believed that
the Japanese cannot afford to attack
now. They suffered major defeat in
the air when American carrier-based
planes destroyed at least 300 japanese
planes which were intended to support
the 10000 Japanese soldiers forming the
garrison at Saipan. In this operation.
supported by American submarines, at
least one large Jap carrier was reported
sunk and others severely damaged.
Major naval battles cannot be fought
without proper air coverage. Hence,
unless the Japanese have large plane
reserves to replace their losses, they may
have to wait for more appropriate
moment to fight an important naval
battle.
BY attacking the Marianas Archi-
pelago with its excellent naval and air
bases at Saipan, Admiral Chester
Nimitz has plunged dagger in the
heart of Japan's main defenses. The
Marianas are ideally situated for OPP
erations against Japan itself and the
japanese possessions in the South Pa
cific. The forces utilized by Admiral
Nimitz in this operation are more pow
erful than those used in any other
attack since the outbreak OF the war.
Besides the largest part of the United
States Fleet, we also have in that area
o strong concentration of marine divi-
sions ready to knock the japanese out
of Saipan.
For some time the American high
command has given up the "island-to-
island" strategy, which We had to adopt
because of the lack of adequate offensive
forces. Admiral Ernest King, COM
mander in chief of the United States
Fleet; Gen. Douglas Macarthur, COM
mander of the Southwest Pacific, and
Admiral Nimitz, commander In chief Of
the Pacific Fleet, are fortunate in not
having political problems injected into
their strategy.
The forces in the vast Pacific are
about 80 per cent American. Some
Australian divisions are assisting Gen.
Macarthur in New Guinea and small
almost insignifica Of Aus
tralian and British auxiliaries are par
ticipating in the naval operations as a
token of Allied unity. American COM
manders are exclusively in charge of
the planning and operations in the
Evening star., 1944-06-22
A Better Attitude
From the Windsor Star.

from the Windsor Star.
parliamentary discussions of such
things as old age pensions reveal the
gradual awakening of human attitude
toward such questions. We at least
have certain members now expressing
the rather startling view that allowances
to those incapacitated through age or
lnf1rmlty should be sufficient to main
tain them decently. This is certainly
a change from the attitude which has
persisted for years, that payments O.
this kind were gifts of charity. to be
doled out parsimoniously, and with lit
tie thought of their adequacy.
Evening star., 1944-06-22
Chonqshu and Soipun

There can be no more dramatic
proof of the contrast between the
war situations in China and the
Pacific than the fact that Chang
sha and Saipan make the headlines
simultaneously-and in a diamet-
rically opposite sense.
The name "Saipan" indicates not
only the chief japanese stronghold
In the Marianas Islands, but also
the keystone of the whole Japanese
defense system in the Pacific, to
preserve which the Japanese high
command has already sacrificed
hundreds of planes and may be
risking its high-seas fleet in de-
cisive battle against long odds. The
word "Changsha," on the contrary,
spells both a major triumph for
japanese strategy and a heavy blow
to Chinese hopes.
Changsha's Importance is mani
fold. The capital of Human Prov
tnce, this large city is the center
Of the fertile "rice-bowI" region
which has been prime source of
food for Chungking. It is also the
northern bulwark of the railway
system of South China, so vital to
the Chungking government If the
south is to be saved from japanese
domination. Three times the Jap
aneSe had already tried to take
Changsha. Once they held it briefly
but were quickly driven out. Now,
an overwhelming army moving
southwark from the Yangtse in
massive parallel columns has not
only stormed Changsha after a bit
ter defense but has by-passed the
city during the siege and is we'll on
its way toward junction with the
japanese forces moving northward
from Canton, the southern port
metropolis.
Japan's primary objective is, Of
course, complete possession of the
railway from Hankow on the
Yangtse to Canton. But, besides
that trunk line, the Chinese south
ern railway system includes two
lateral lines of Importance The
first of these bisects the main line
at Chuchow, about 80 miles south
of ChangSha The japanese are
already there and are well on their
way toward a second junction town,
Hengyang, where a branch line
runs far to the southwest into the
heart of Kwangsi Province From
its terminal good motor road runs
about 200 miles to connect with
the Indo-Chinese railway system,
under japanese control. Possession
of this railway network by the
Japanese would cut South China
not In twain, but into four seq
ments, each of which might be
crushed in detail No wonder that
Chungking is gloomy and that Gen
eral Chennault, the head of our
heroic air force in China, agrees
Yith Chinese spokesmen that the
loss of the Hankow-Canton railway
might entail consequences which
could prolong the war against
Japan for years.
The ChinaPacific antithesis boils
down 70 a competitive race between
our sea and air power for knock
out blows at the Japanese island
empire and the still unbeaten jap
anese Army for mastery on the con-
tinent. which might survive even
ths devastation OF the japanese
Evening star., 1944-06-22
This and That
By Charles Z. Trdce,Dell.

Three talking cardinals have graced
the yard in recent weeks.
One says What cheer?"
Another, Come ere"
And the third pipes, as plain as can
be. the name of "Vish-nu."
These are not imaginations, az many
words attributed to birds are. This
column from time to time has printed
readers translations of bird calls and
songs which would have demanded q
dictionary as normal bird equipment
Our cardinals however. really say the
words we have attributed to them.
1t is always fun to try to put the bird
notes into words.
No harm Is done, and often some
natures find this humanizing very help
full. We do not imagine that the birds
mind, one way or the other.
Cardinals are among the few species
in which the female sings as we'll as the
male
Not all female cardinals sing but some
of them do and when they do they sing
very WELL indeed.
The male, OF course, is the real singer
Of the family.
His is among the first spring songs
He also has metallic alarm note which
Is one Of the most common bird sounds
in suburban sections.
II X
Another fine singer OF our gardens is
the friendly robin.
Not all bird admirers realize just what
fine songster the robin Is. Yet his wild
free caroling is one of the most common
IN, oil ho ioe
The robin has two melodies, II such
they may be called, his ordinary every
day song, and a special one which some
people say is used only when he is calling
for rain.
1t is true that this special song is
heard most just before a rain, but
evidentaly the robin is no better a
weather prophet than others, and often
uses it when there is no sign of rain.
Perhaps he is indulging in what has
come to be a cant phrase, "wishful
thinking"
The cardinal in the famous book,
"a Kentucky Cardinal" was said to be
uttering the word peace"
X X
Fortunately, that fine little singer, the
song sparrow, does not distract the
any words or sounds which impress
them as words.
He is, above all, musician, one who
realizes that pure music Is best of all
II ne were human musician, we feel
sure, he would compose symphonies, not
love songs.
We know of no better bird to serenade
with your radio or phonograph. He
rtir I'll
and will sing his heart out over
Beethoven.
We believe he will come close to the
window to listen. His song has more
than 1000 variations, and with these he
can accompany any of the masters very
prettily.
He seems to enjoy listening and sing
ing along with the music A song
sparrow in our garden gave a very
favorable reception to Morton Gould's
Spanish American Symphonette."
One thing we have always marveled
at was the way J. L. Allen, In his
Kentucky Cardinal" spoke of the
"shyness' of the bird.
What wonder" he said, 'if he is 50
shy, SO rare, so secluded-who has only
to be seen or heard and Death adjusts
an arrow
When the book was written, the
cardinal was not protected by law, and
was favorite mark of all men and boys
with rifles. His bright color made him
perfect target.
Today, thanks to the devoted work of
| pioneer birdmen, the cardinal u pro-
tected by law, 10 that all of us may
enjoy his song. and reap the benefit OF
his activities In catching insects.
Evening star., 1944-06-22
Different Birthplaces

Ah~A VIII la AhpAoN~S
To the Editor of Ths Star:
The Letter of p. B. j., printed June
IT, proved interesting to me, but from
the information I got, Capt. Raphael
Semmes was from the Protestant sec
tion of Charles County.
One of my teachers over 50 years
ago proudly pointed out to the class an
old farmhouse chimney, rising above
the forest trees some miles across q
valley from the old Greenleek School
the birthplace Of Capt. Semmes, the
commander of the Alabama.
think my teacher knew what he was
talking about. P. F. SKINNER.
To the Editor of The Star:
DR. Parran, the present surgeon gen.
eral of the United States Public Health
Service, Is not native of Charles
County, but rather of Calvert County.
We are justly proud of him and his
achievements.
lived for 80 years in one of the old
Parran homesteads and know we'll the
respect and love in which that family
Is held. M. B.P.
To the Editor OF The Star:
I greatly regret an error in my letter
on Capt. Semmes in The Star of June
IT. stated that Surgeon General Par
ran also came from Charles County,
but find that DR.. Parran is a native of
calvert County. P. B. j.
Evening star., 1944-06-22
Corrects Mr.. Barbee

To the Editor of The Star:
/ was much interested in David
Rankin Barbee's recent letter on the
Booth mystery, but unfortunately he
makes mistakes of the type which he
complains about other persons making
For example, he speaks of DR.. John
Frederick May having read his paper,
THE Mark of the Scalpel" before the
Columbia Historical Society. The fact
n that DR.. May died in 1891 and his
paper was read by William Henry Den
mis- "a February Il. 1909. X.
Evening star., 1944-06-22
Letters to The Star
Desires Philippines Administered
by American Army Officers

To the Editor OF The Star:
The congressional resolutions assuring
the Filipinos their independence once
the Japanese are thrown out, with the
proviso that the independence is to
be granted only when constitutional
processes are restored in the islands is,
in the consensus of all sane and intel
ligent Filipinos, the best solution to the
ever-perplexing Philippine independence
problem.
This resolution, as I interpret it, en-
visages the establishment of an Amer
lean military occupation of the Philip
pines following the-defeat of Japan. The
civil government, of which Manuel L.
Quezon is the head, apparently will be
out Of existence If this is correct, the
rank and file of the Filipino people owe
an everlasting gratitude to the United
States.
The Fflipinos will need the finan-
cial help of the United States to
rebuild their own country. They will
need fearless, dynamic and honest
agency like the American Army to
handle relief free from petty politics and
to- maintain law, order and peace.
Latest reports from Manila brought
by American repatriates recently ar
rived in this country, confirm our sus-
picion that Filipino quislings among
whom are some well-known on Capitol
HILL are cashing in on the Japanese
occupation, getting richer every day
while millions Of their less fortunate
countrymen are starving and Shaving
for the new order in Asia
1t therefore is great satisfaction to
us Filipinos to know that native poll
ticians will not be permitted to profit
by the American victory or to have the
chance to make mess of the Philip
pines during the military occupation of
the country. We know that the Ameri-
can Army with officials trained at the
school for military government at Char
lottesville. Va, as administrators, will
administer the relief and rehabilitation
problem in the Philippines with fair
ness and justice, thereby paving the
way for the eventual restoration of con-
stitutional processes.
TEDDY DE NOLASCO.
Evening star., 1944-06-22

A two-cent stamp Is now almost
as awkward a possession as two
dollar bill. \
Evening star., 1944-06-22

homeland. On the outcome of that
grim competition the length and
character of the Oriental war pri-
marily depend.
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1944-09-21

George r. Mills, whose home is
at Is Elizabeth street, has graduated
from the Naval Training School
(DieseD, at Iowa State College
Ames, Iowa. and received the petty
officer rating of motor machinist's
mate third class.
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1944-09-21

Pvt. George R. Neuman, son of Mr.
and Mrs. H. A. Neuman, 1906 Vir-
ginia avenue, who entered the Serv-
ice in June and reported to Camp
Wolters, Texas, is now at Fort Sill
Oklahoma.
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1944-09-21

Isaac c. Grove, whose home is at
102 East Baltimore street, recently
graduated from the Naval Training
School (DieseD, at Iowa State Col
lege, Ames, Iowa, and received the
petty officer rating of motor ma
chinists mate third class.
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1944-09-21

Sergeant Fuller, husband of Mrs.
Norma Fuller, 126 East Baltimore
street, and the proud daddy of Mar
tina Ann, who is now ten months
old, has been promoted to staff SER
geant at his Air Force Base in Italy.
Sergeant Fuller has been a mem
her of the Armed Forces since June
10th, 1912. and is now crew chief
in depot repair squadron of the
Fifteenth Air Force Service Com
mand. He is recipient of the Good
Conduct ribbon; the African-Euro-
pean-Middle Eastern theater ribbon,
and has been awarded bronze star
for battle participation.
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1944-09-21

Pfc. Henry w. Funk, son of Mr..
and Mrs. ]. Kieffer Funk, III East
Franklin street, is serving in an
anti-aircraft detachment at an 9th
Air Force Service Command Sta
ton, in England. Pfc. Funk, who
has been in England since Deem
Der, 1913, is on constant duty as a
driver and gun maintenance man at
his base.
Before entering the Service in
July, 1912. he was a farmer and
fruit grower He is a'graduate of
Hagerstown High School and Massa-
nutten Military Academy.
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1944-09-21
OUR CITIZENS IN UNIFORM
men and women who are

Washington County and who
with Armed Forces
you relative serving branch Of the
information him that
t Send items to "The Globe
independent give the phone Our
S 1911.
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1944-09-21
Cute Colt!

Cute Colt!
Rancher-You know that mare l
showed you yesterday?
Dude-Yes.
Rancher-She had Charlie horse
this morning.
Dude-How much did it weigh
when it was born?
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1944-09-21
All Wet!

All Wet!
Jimmy-Did l leave my umbrella
here yesterday?
Irvin-What kind of an umbrella?
Jimmy-Oh, any kind, I'm not
fussy.
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1944-09-21

In the first two years of its life
the little blue heron is white.
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1944-09-21

Pvt. Robert C. Barnhart, whose
wife, Mrs. Nellie v. Barnhart, re-
sides at ~ South Locust street, has
been awarded the Good Conduct
Medal at his base at the Army Air
Field, Dover, Del. Private Barn
hart reentered the Service on Janu-
airy "a. 1914, having been in the
Service before the war. In his pre-
vious enlistment he was stationed
for 26 months in Panama.
He has been stationed at Dover
since July 4, assigned to the fields
skeet range.
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1944-09-21

Gerald Lamar Ham, seaman first
class, husband of Mrs. Mildred E.
Ham, of Fl Winter street, and son
of Mr.. and Mrs. C. T. Ham, Hagers-
town Route l, has just completed a
course of training at the Naval Air
Technical Training Center in Nor
man, Okla.
Seaman Ham. who graduated
from Hagerstown High School and
was formerly employed by the Fair
child Aircraft Corporation, entered
the Navy in January and was en-
tered in the training course in April.
Pfc Edward L. Hose, son of Mr..
and Mrs. Ellsworth L. Hose, 804
Spruce street, has left Fort Meade
for overseas service. He has been
in the Army about IA months and
after a years training in anti-air-
craft in California was transferred
to an infantry base in Texas. From
there he moved to Fort Meade and
then across. Those wishing to drop
him line may obtain his address
by phoning 1176-W.
Pfc. Edgar L. Karn. Jr., son of
Mr.. and Mrs. Edgar l.. Karn, 266
South Potomac street, member of a
It'll AAF aviation engineer battal-
ion, has been commended, along
with others in his outfit, by Admiral
Raymond A. Spruance, U. S. Fifth
Fleet commander during the Mari
anas Islands invasion, for an UNI
usual feat of air base building, part
of it under enemy fire.
Pfc. Karn served within rifle
range of the front lines on Saipan
while the battle for the island still
was in progress Site of the air
base was a cane field infested by Jap
snipers and strewn with unex-
p1oded shells.
Working day and night, the heav-
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1944-09-21

Here is news of the two sons of
Mr.. and Mrs. w. Grumbine, 926
Salem avenue-Charlcs and Au-
brey.
Pfc. Charles Grumbine, who was
wounded in the right arm and knee
on May 26, during action in Italy
and received treatment in a station
hospital, has now been removed to a
general hospital in Italy. His knee
injury has come along fine, but he
writes home that they are going 10
operate on his arm. Charles would
ike to hear from his friends back
home and his parents will be glad
to give you the address. Their
phone number is 1851.
S/Sgt. Aubrey L. Grumbine ar
rived in England on June 16 and is
stationed with a General Hospital
Medical Corps. Aubrey is married
and his wife and son, Terry, live in
Boonsboro.