davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1944-01-25
Letters to The Star
Says Negroes Resent
Second Class Citizenship." "


TO the Editor Of The Star:
On January Is you received letter
from one Of The Stars constant readers,
the subject Of which was Negro Citi-
zens Are Entitled to Freedom From
Fear" This letter, though signed by
my colleague, Charles E. Sims, also re-
fiected views held by myself.
Upon reporting for work today, sew
eral OF my co-workers besieged me with
requests for qualification of the
statement regarding social equality"
There seems to be a general misunder-
standing as to the meaning which it
was our purpose to convey. Therefore,
I beg to be given an opportunity pub
licly to qualify our remarks concerning
social equality.
We stated, and continue to state, that
we do not suggest that we be invited
to, or attend, any affair sponsored by
q private club. organization or insti-
tution-which does not admit the gen
eral public" Naturally, this does not
imply that we relish the realization
that. in most cases, we have been rele-
gated to- position lower than that
OF second class citizenship. We still
fight for the abolition of the poll tax,
the passage Of Federal antilynching
bill, the passage of a civil rights bill
for the District of Columbia, and all
other forms of progressive legislation
which would benefit the common man.
I always have fought uncompromis-
ingly for equality for all peoples under
the protection of our flag, and I always
shall. May I again congratulate you
upon the fairness which your editorials
exhibit in the presentation of the views
OF the people?
G.. REGINALD AUDRICK.
Evening star., 1944-01-25

Congress has been asked to appro-
pirate $3.50 900 900 for the relief and
rehabilitation of the devastated and
hungry areas Of the war-stricken world.
The people of the United States never
have been stingy In assisting other
nations when they were in distress.
Americans contributed hundreds of mil
lions after the World War to feed not
only our former associates, but they
sent aid into Russia, which at that time
was ostracized by our Government, and
into Armenia to save millions of peo-
pie from starvation.
X
The relief and rehabilitation of Eu-
rope, the United Nations governments
have decided among themselves, must
no longer be based on charity AL par
ties concerned must do their bit to
raise large fund to help the starved
peoples Of Europe and Asia soon after
their liberation from the Axis yoke
Industries and public utilities which
have suffered so much from the "torch"
policy of the Germans and the Japa-
nese and from aerial warfare will have
to be restored to permit quick eco
Evening star., 1944-01-25
Time for Some HeIp

Since about the middle of septem-
Der Gallinger Hospital has been
subjected to type OF investigation
that has kept the institution in a
state of decentralization and has
provoked bitter controversy through
out the municipal government. Is
1t not about time to call halt now,
concentrating on what can be done
to repair, with the means available,
the injuries and to re-eStablish con-
fidence in hospital that is per-
forming a service of tremendous
value to the community under
extraordinarily difficult conditions?
That would be the helpful thing
to do and it is to be hoped that
Senator McCarrans statement, fol-
lowing an executive meeting yester-
day of the full District Committee
means that this will be his course.
The description of conditions in
some of the city's private hospitals
given to the committee yesterday in
testimony not made public, would
suggest that Gallinger is not the
only Institution suffering now from
wartime shortages. These are not
to be cured by liquidating Commits
sloner Mason, Health Officer Rutland
and additional victims on the Gal
linger medical staff.
The best thing that can be done
for Gallinger now is to provide the
new superintendent, when one is
selected, with an adequate staff of
administrative assistants who can
look after the housekeeping facil-
tiles, leaving the medical staff free
for work with the patients, and to
obtain priorities and appropriations
for construction work which will
have to be done If the defects
criticized by the investigators are
to be remedied.
Evening star., 1944-01-25
German Munpower

The Allied leapfrog offensive in
Italy, the new Russian drive on the
northern end Of the eastern front,
and the gathering hosts in Britain
heralding an imminent invasion of
France or the Low Countries, all
emphasize Germany's outstanding
military problem, which is one of
sheer manpoWer. Like a man seek
ing to keep warm under a blanket
too short for his frame, the Ger
man high command is hard put to
1t to find troops enough to defend
all fronts against the synchronized
attacks from numerically superior
enemies.
The weight of evidence indicates
that 1t is soldiers rather than
equipment which is especially lack
ing. On all fronts German ma
terrell seems to be abundant and
good, Despite the damage which
Allied air raids have done to the
Reich's war plant. this should not
be reflected in most items for
months to come. But in human re-
sources it looks as though Germany
is scraping the bottom of the barrel.
This human shortage is both
uuantitative and qualitative in
character. 1t is just year ago that
the Reich decreed total mobiliza-
ton" by ruthless combing out of
potential soldiers from every phase
OF its economy not vitally con-
cerned with the war effort. This
eventually refllled the ranks de-
pleted by the disasters at Stalin-
grad and in North Africa, and by
the chronic attrition of the whole
eastern front. But those replace
mentS did not compare in quality
with the men lost by death, wounds
or capture. An analysis of prisoners
taken during the past six months
especially shows that, except in
picked shock-troop or specialist
units, the flower of the original
German army. consisting of the
age-group between twenty and
thirty years. has been succeeded
either by teen-age youths or by
men in middle life. The former
lack the stamina, the latter lack the
-resiliency of their predecessors with
the colors.
This might not be so important,
now that Germany has gone every
where on the defensive, were it not
that there appears to be a contin-
gent shortage even of mediocre line
troops. The rapidity with which the
current Red offensive in the north
broke the elaborate German fortifi-
cations before Leningrad and at
Novgorod is attributed partly to the
fact that the German high command
had depleted its local reserves below
the danger point to re-enforce other
sectors of the eastern front. Now,
the Wehrmacht is compelled to
build up its forces in Western Eu-
rope to confront the threatened
mass invasion there. The crucial
general reserve pool, located in Ger
many itself, has repeatedly been
drawn on exorbitantly to meet
Evening star., 1944-01-25

stands in matters Of bureaucratic con-
troll and financial policy The Vice
President sounded crusading note in
his Jackson Day dinner speech here
when he said that "the New Deal is not
dead. II it were dead the Democratic
party would be dead and we'll dead.
The New Deal is Franklin D.
Roosevelt"
This was like waving a red flag in
the face of bull The anti-New Deal
Democrats, both those attending the
dinner and those absent. were stung
by his words. Presumably they were
addressed to the great mass OF liberal
and independent voters, upon whom in
the past the President and Mr.. Wallace
have relied to give them the necessary
majorities at the polls The Vice Presi-
dents remarks, therefore, may have
been more adroit than appeared on the
surface. For certainly his reception and
the reception of his speech at the din
ner itself were not particularly warm.
1t may be that the Vice President was
undertaking to give assurance to these
liberal followers of the New Deal ad-
ministration and to Offset the shock
they received when the President not
long ago said the New Deal slogan was
outmoded. Roosevelt" Mr.. Wallace
said, God willing, will in the future
give the New Deal flrmer foundation
than it has ever had before
In the past the New Dealers, led by
President Roosevelt, have had the pull
OF party victory and party control to
keep the anti-New Deal Democrats in
line. The anti-New Deal Democrats
heretofore have understood that unit
ing with the President assured them
victory. But in the elections of the
last two years, Democrat after Demo-
crat has fallen at the polls, with the
result that those not wholeheartedly
New Dealers have begun to wonder and
to fear. Anti-New Dealers have be-
come stronger and stronger, and now
they are torn between a desire for
Democratic victory and a desire to have
done with the New Deal
The President still stands, however. as
the Democratic partys strongest poten-
Evening star., 1944-01-25

defend every yard of those long coasts
on both sides of Italy. He knew that
sooner or later we would descend on
one of them in force. He lacked either
sea or air reconnaissance elements in
sufficient strength even to assure him
of timely warnings. He simply had to
take chance that we would not hit
him at an unfavorable moment.
When the situation on the front re-
quired him to put in his reserve, he
must have done so with silent prayer
may I be able to reconstitute this
reserve before an Allied landing hits
me-" The prayer was in vain. Here
was the moment of opportunity, and
Gen. Alexander seized it. It was COM
mand of the sea, and the strategical
flexibility conferred by that command,
which enabled Gen. Alexander to choose
and exploit his moment of opportunity.
Meanwhile, far away in the North Pa
cific, the American air forces are STEP
ping up their attacks on Paramushiro
Island, northernmost Japanese base in
the long Kurile chain which stretches It's
Evening star., 1944-01-25
Second Stuqe in Ito|y

Inc leap1rog venture OF our Fifth
Army has successfully achieved its
initial task, the seizure of a coastal
"bridgehead" centering in the small
adjacent port towns of Nettuno and
Anzio, but extending several miles
along the beaches on either side. The
depth of this occupied strip averages
some four miles, enough for the de-
ployment of artillery and light tanks,
both of which can be landed even
with miniature harbor facilities.
The failure of the Germans to
react quickly, as at Salerno, may be
due to faulty tactical dispositions,
combined with the disruption of
communications by the intensive
Allied aerial bombings which pre-
ceded the actual landing. However,
it is bit too soon to be sure of this.
Although the German high COM
mand probably did not know pre-
cisely where our troops would land,
they were. presumably not unaware
that leapfrog descent was in prep
aration. The great assemblage of
ships and landing craft could not
have been entirely hidden from
scouting planes and spies. Since the
number of German troops in Italy
is limited, they could not be deployed
so as to cover the peninsula's extern
sive coast line and be in a position to
oppose landings anywhere at the
start. German strategy therefore
holds effectively only key coastal
points, especially harbors. Their
main forces are held in reserve at
suitable centers, ready to counter
attack when the Allies have shown
their hand and landing forces are
actually committed ashore.
The interesting development is
that no such attack has yet been
made on the landing forces, attempt
ing to catch them "astride the
beach," as happened at Salerno. In
stead of this, a fierce counterattack
has been started on the established
fighting front to the southwark.
This recalls Rommel's thrust at the
British Eighth Army along the Ma
reth Line in Southern Tunisia before
he wheeled and delivered jab at the
Americans advancing on Central
Tunisia, with temporary success for
the Germans. In any event it is
unlikely that our landing force will
be permitted to advance much
farther inland without meeting stiff
resistance. The coastal district
where our troops have gained their
foothold is a thinly populated, in
fertile region covered with low scrub
and haunted by malaria. The high
roads and railways run inland q
considerable distance, skirting tho
Evening star., 1944-01-25
Samuel Grafton

are other girls around. especially over
toward the east
And 1t Is usually after the under.
ground has made an eastward gesture,
toward Russia, that we brighten up and
allow as how it's pretty good old under
ground, after all. and perhaps deserving
OF lemonade and cookies.
1t is a policy Of drift; We don't do, we
are done to. When We finally give arms
to the people of France, as we certainly
shall, it will be because We could no
longer avoid doing so. The French peo-
pie will have their arms, but on such
terms as to feel that they won them
from us by fighting for them, and owe
us nothing. 1t will have been an arms
length transaction, between strangers.
The arming Of France will then be q
tribute to the underground. 1t could
have been a tribute to U.s. The new
France could have been our idea as we'll
as merely our ally, and we could have
helped shape it, instead of merely max.
ing the best of it.
In the end We do 1t, anyway: that is
what hurts; but we do it as one who has
Jumped aboard at the last moment to
catch ride. And no song arises: It is
glum trip. We made the man wait too
long while deciding whether We were
going his way.
Evening star., 1944-01-25
Gould Lincoln

tial candidate, the one best favored to
win q victory over Republican opposi-
ton next November. He has that ad-
vantage largely because Of the war-he
Is Commander in Chief Of our armed
forces-and also because Of his personal
following among the voters.
The organization Democrats at the
meeting Of the national committee last
week, among them Chairman Hannegan,
were quite open in their efforts to bring
Jim" Farley, former national chair
man, back into the fold. It Is obvious
they intend to ask Mr.. Farley as party
man to forget personal differences with
the President and to lend his aid in the
coming campaign. Strange things hap
pen in politics. But it does not seem
probable that Mr.. Farley will retreat one
inch from his opposition to a fourth.
term nomination and election. The most
the Democratic organization can hope.
therefore, is that Mr.. Farley, who re-
mains chairman of the Democratic State
Committee Of New York. will not make
open war on a Roosevelt-headed ticket
next fall
Everything proceeds in the Democratic
party today on the theory that Mr..
Roosevelt will run again. The drive for
fourth-term nomination has already
progressed much further in the winter
Of 1914 than a similar drive for third
term nomination had progressed in 1910.
There are still those Democrats who feel
that the President may not run-par.
ticularly If 1t appears his chances for
victory are not too good. There are
others convinced the President cannot
refuse to run since he was head Of the
Government when this country entered
the war. If he declined to run, the argu-
ment against changing horses In the
middle Of the stream is out Of the win
dow. But, say the others, if you change
horses but do not change the color of the
horse, what then? II Mr. Roosevelt picks
Democratic successor does not that
meet all objections?
Mr.. Hannegan, in his few days as ma
tional chairman, already has made .
good impression on the Democrats He
apparently has the good wishes OF all
Of them. He will need them
Evening star., 1944-01-25
Gagged Eagle

The people match the eagle on his stand,
Slumped broodingly Uithin the ,Dire
cage,
Imprisoned there are pings that once
hare Sp1nned
The azure heights that Were his
heritage.
There ,ods time he swept uboue the
plain
With s,Ditt and silent lightning in his
eyes,
But noU, with head bowed dopn in
fierce disddin,
He does not search the Dire- tretted
skies.
His heart has beat measured, munsed
dirge
Since first he thrashed the cage in
iuild dismny;
No longer does he feel the dip and surge
OF outstretcted pings where winds Of
Heaven play.
In dreams he hears the tar-ot torrents
call
Beneath his shadoD on the CANYON
REID CROWELL.
Evening star., 1944-01-25
Demands Public Agency
To Ventilate Buses and Streetcars.

To the Editor Of The Star:
The Capital Transit Co., without doubt
unconsciously and with good intent, has
made an effective contribution to pro-
longing the current influenza epidemic
Although medical evidence clearly shows
that overheating underventilating buses
and streetcars endanger the passengers
health, the Capital Transit Co. blithely
continues to heat many of its vehicles
to fantastic temperatures and to keep
them deprived of ventilation. Appar-
emily the degree of temperature and
state of ventilation of any vehicle are
left entirely to the driver
Effective safeguarding of the COM
munitys health would seem to require
that responsible public agency exer-
else some sort of supervision over the
temperature and quality of air In public
vehicles. Does the District government
have no power or interest in this matter2
CONSTANT SOUTHWORTH. =
Evening star., 1944-01-25
Constantine Br01Un

cal problem. But 1t appears that with
the best will In the world politics cannot
be kept out OF the organization.
Definite trends and race for jockey.
ing for political domination are only
too obvious in Europe today.
The Russians are in the midst Of an
offensive in old Poland. In Yugoslavia
there Is q bitter tight between the rep
resentatives Of King Peter and those of
Moscow. A similar situation is said to
exist In Greece. In Italy there seems
to be an ill-concealed struggle between
the supporters and nonsupporters Of the
House OF Savoy. In France several fac
tions are preparing for hght for power
after the Nazis have been eliminated
and Gen. Charles de Gaulle hopes he
will be the man who will guide his
country's destinies There are many
who still oppose him.
Feeding the starved people Of all these
countries will be . strong trump card
for the would-be leaders. Food in o
starved country Is far more important
than gold and the organization which
has the key to the larder in Its pocket
can impose itself on that country
If the council Of four were composed
Of representatives OF countries not in
volved In the game OF power politics
we could look on 1t as an adequate di-
rectorate to insure fair distribution Of
the materials purchased largely with
the American taxpayers money. But
unfortunately both Britain and Russia
are involved in that game and their
representatives might be tempted into
some sort Of patronage" which would
help their proteges obtain political SUI
premacy, for a while at least
The fact that America has no decisive
vote in the UNRRA is likely to get this
country involved in the game Of power
politics when we favor unwittingly the
formation of this or that puppet gov
ernment in Europe.
Evening star., 1944-01-25
Britain Looks Ahead

LORD Halifax, BrltalnS AmbaSSa-
dor to the United States, has con-
tributed another public chapter to
the evolution of British thinking on
the shape of the world to come and
the place that Great Britain will
occupy in that new world society.
In important respects his views,
set forth last night in an address at
the centenary dinner OF the Toronto
Board of Trade, are similar to those
recently expressed by Jan Christian
SHUTS, Prime Minister of the Union
OF South Africa. They also coincide.
in a sense. with the postwar world
outline advocated few days ago by
the Netherlands Foreign Minister,
Eelco N. van Kleffens. Hence, it goes
without saying that the Ambassa-
doris remarks are of very real in
terest to the people of the United
States.
Unlike Field Marshal SHUTS, Lord
Halifax did not suggest a merger of
the small nations of Western Europe
with the British Empire. But he
went along with the Prime Minister
in the latters belief that Britain, in
the absence of strengthening moves,
would find herself an unequal part
ner" in the postwar company of the
United States, Russia and China. He
also agreed that when the war is
ended western Europe, as never be-
fore. will look to Britain for leader
ship and guidance"
To meet this condition the AM
bassador urged upon his Canadian
audience the primary Importance of
strengthening the political organiza-
tion of the British Empire. The Stat
ute of Westminster, he said, assured
the Dominions of an equality of
status, which henceforth should be
accompanied by an equality of func-
ton" To accomplish this, he urged
"a common foreign policy expressed
not by a single voice but by the uni
son OF many" and, in the field of de-
fense, a unity of policy" implement
ing the individual responsibility of
the dominions. In other words, Lord
Halifax is saying that the component
members of the British Empire will
have to plan and act more nearly as
one If Britain is to remain in the
front rank of world powers. To use
his own words: "If in the future
Britain is to play her part, without
assuming burdens greater than she
can support. she must have behind
her in peace the same strength that
has sustained her in this war. Not
Great Britain only, but the British
Commonwealth and Empire must be
the fourth power In that group upon
which, under Providence, the peace
OF the world will henceforth depend"
This is line OF thought which is
concerned Immediately with British
interests. But it also merits support
and encouragement in the United
States. For if there is one thing that
we should have learned from the
bitter experience of two World Wars,
1t is this: The interests of Britain
are not antagonistic to our own in
terests. Between us there is broad
field OF agreement as to objectives
and methods. And. this being the
case, 1t is to our interest that Britain
emerge from this war with the
strength to make her full contribu-
ton to the maintenance of peace
and the amelioration OF economic
distress.
Evening star., 1944-01-25
MAJ. George Fielding Eliot

curving course from the main islands
of Japan to the tip of Kamchatka.
These attacks may, or may not, indi-
cate that an amphlbious assault on
Paramushiro is in prospect Should 1t
come, it will be serious and bloody
operation, involving considerable forces.
X X x
Paramushiro Is no little square mile
of coral like Betio islet in the Tarawa
atoll. 1t is big mountainous island
with peaks rising above 5000 feet, it is
heavily defended and it is in direct air
and sea communication with the main
centers Of japanese power. But tho
Japanese cannot afford to lose Para
mushiro. They cannot even afford to
take any chance of losing it. They dare
not risk allowing American air power
with an unbroken, If rather lengthy
chain OF stepping-stone bases behind
it stretching clear back to Seattle-to
get a foothold in Paramushiro, only a
little over 800 miles from Hokkatdo.
northernmost Of Japan's main islands,
and about 1900 miles from Toxic. That,
from the Japanese viewpoint, would
never do.
Therefore, they must react vigorously
(and expensively) to any threat toward
Paramushiro. There may be nothing
serious behind that threat; the Japanese
cannot be sure, because they cannot
reconnoiter all our Aleutian and Alas
kan bases and find out what may be
the concentration of floating and flying
strength in those northern waters. If
we make gestures which might mean
an attack, the Japanese must prepare
against 1t, whether 1t comes or not.
We have command Of the sea, we
can strike if we will, and the Japanese
know 1t. Perhaps we do intend to strike,
to impose on the waning Japanese air
power naval power and merchant ma
rine yet new set Of responsibilities.
to add to the Southwest Pacific. the
Central Pacific and Burma. Our sea
Evening star., 1944-01-25

Wnlcn Cne enemy Ia
bors because of that
command.
The first reminder
is the landing in CEN
tral Italy, and the
second is the re-
newal of our air at
tacks on Paramu-
shiru.
The German COM
mander in Italy al
ways had to keep in
mind, in all that he
did, his long ex-
posed sea-girt fanks.
He could not hope to
Evening star., 1944-01-25

reluctantly. We are
m a king progress
from too little and
too late to enough
and too late.
In the end. we al
ways do it. We are
now giving arms to
Tito and his Yugo-
slav Partisans; but
the very same guam
tum of arms given
earlier in the game
could have made us
general instead of
limited partners in
Tito'S ENTERPRISE.