davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Imperial Valley press., 1944-05-18
By Congressman John Phillips

War may stimulate ingenuity. 1t
may arouse the patriotism of a
country, anc renew the apprecia-
ton of the people for the sacrifices
of previous generations, especially
in America. where it took many
sacrifices to give us our freedoms
and our way of life, but it also
takes a lot of Stoking to keep go
ing the fires of war. War is harsh
in its demands; war leaves scars
that never heal.
These things seemed nearer to
California, with the announcement
this week of the figures of men
and women in the army alone, as
we approach the crises in both
European and Pacific conflicts. Did
you see them? I'll bring them up
to date:
AS of toCay, there are 7,481,925
men and women in the Army. This
is getting very close to the desired
maximum, generally understood to
Imperial Valley press., 1944-05-18

and Montana; cruiser construction
workers; technicians on special lu-
bricants for the armed forces; and
air transport and ferry personnel of
co-belligerents.
These additions will not add sub
stantially to the number of men
under 26 who will be industrially
deferred, selective service officials
said.
Deferments in all categories for
men in this age group are not ex-
pected to exceed 125,000, and over
half of these will be for merchant
marine personnel.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-05-18
ALL-AROUND SERVICEMAN

ARDMORE, Pa, May 18. up
James McKelvy, thrce-branch SER
viceman, has tried them all - ma
rines, army and navy. Honorably
discharged from the marine corps
because of physical disability, he
sought a navy commission. Mean
while the army drafted him. Will =
stationed at Fort Bragg, N. c.. his
commission came through and he
was released for duty as COM
munications officer with the Fleet
Air Force.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-05-18
MERCHANT MARINE WAGE
SCALES INCREASED

WASHINGTON, May 10. tUP)-
Putting into effect war labor
beard ruling on uniform wage rates
for merchant marine officers, the
war shipping administration an
nounces new scales for licensed deck
and engineer officers on dry cargo
vessels
Under the new rates, first mate
or first engineer on liberty ship
will get 1854 per month: second
mate or engineer, 1920 per month;
third mate or engineer, $202 per
month, fourth mate or engineer,
$40 per month.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-05-18
Knox Widow Gets
All Of Estate

CHICAGO, May ID. CUP)-The
filing of his will Tor probate re-
vealed that the late Secretary of
the Navy Frank Knox left his in
terest in the Chicago Daily News
to Mrs. Knox and gave executors
discretion to dispose of his interest
in the newspaper. He died April 28.
Executors estimated the estate at
$2,000,000. Uncer the will filed for
probate before Judge John F.. o.
Connell, the entire estate went to
the widow.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-05-18
Clears
Draft Rulings

WASHINGTON, May 10. up
Selective Service Director Lewis B.
Hershey has authorized state direc-
tors to expand the list of activities
for which irreplaceable men 18
through Is years of age may be
deferred.
On request Of appropriate fed
eral agencies, deferments may be
made for men in crude rubber pro-
duction in Liberia; chemists in ex-
plosives production; riggers and top
pers in logging operations in Cali
fornia, Oregon, Washington, Idaho
Imperial Valley press., 1944-05-18
81, WISHES FOR 100

CHESTER, Pa, May 18. up
If the wish Charles f. WorriloW
on hic oath birthday cake come
true, he will round out a century of
living. A former mail carrier who
VISA old enough but too small to be-
cCmc a drummer boy during the
Civil War. WorriloW expressed lis
desire to reach the Tooth milestone
SO he c%ingui'V ned the candles
with ono luSty Whiif.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-05-18

Motor vehicle registration show
ed an increase in 1943 in only two
states, Nevada and Utah, probably
caused by concentration of military
activity and establishment of new
industries.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-05-18
Landing Craft
Uses Latest
In Compasses

WASHINGTON, May 18. CUP)-
Another impossible" has been
achieved in the new non-magnetic,
lightweight invasion gyrocompass"
now in use on hundreds of small
landing craft.
Described as the only small gyro-
compass in the world, the "Sperry
Mark XVIII is only 19 inches in
diameter and the same height as
the standard gyrocompass.
Specifications for the new model
required that it be non-magnetic,
unaffected by electrical machin-
cry the structure of the vessel that
contained it, or by cargoes of tanks,
guns, trucks and jeeps, such as are
carried aboard various types of
landing craft.
TECHNICAL PROBLEMS
There were a number of technical
problems to be overcome in the
new navigational device before it
could be produced. The Sperry Gy-
roscope Co. of Brooklyn, N. Y,
which produces the product along
with the Package Machinery Co of
Springfield, Mass, said that many
had assumed that there was a
minimum limit beyond which the
size of the gyrocompaSs rotor could
not go. This was assumed because
| of the mass necessary to be sensi-
tive TO the earth's gravitational
force and the difficulty of building
up sufficiently directive force Ito
overcome the friction Of the verti-
cal guide and other bearings with
a small rotor"
The experimental compass" the
company explained, was mocified
with respect to an improved mer-
curry balliStic and the substitution
of an electronic follow-up system
for the old trolley-contractor sys-
tenn originaliJ used"
WITHIN INSTRUMENT
Except for the voltage regulator
and the repeaters, all items of
equipment. including the control
panel amplifier panel and motor
generator are contained within the
pinnacle. The repeater system en-
ploys the same repeaters as are
found in the standard Srerry mer-
chant marine type gyrocompass.
The pinnacle is made in lower
and upper halves and in smaller
vessels can be slowed in different
parts of the vessel. One portion
containing the rotor and mechan-
ism-can be installed at the steer
ing station, where the helmsman
can readily see it, while the control
panel, amplifier panel, filter and
motor generator can be slowed be-
low in available space.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-05-18

To get the most miles per gallon
from rationcd gasoline thcsc days,
motorists arc advised to use low
and second gears sparingly, and
TO shift into high gear when the
speed of the automobile is up 10 Is
or 10 miles an hour.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-05-18

In 1912 and 1943 steel mills in
The U. S. supplied nearly 2l000,00O
tons of steel for the building of
our naval and merchant marine
vessels.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-05-18

Motor vehicle registration in 1943
showed a decline of ga per cent.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-05-18

Women in Turkeys air forces
arc officially designated as Flying
Blue AmaZOnS.
Evening star., 1944-02-10

New York Herald Tribune Correspondent,
Representing the Combined American Press.
Distributed by the Associated PressD
WITH THE 5th ARMY IN
ITALY ON THE ANZIO BEACH
HEAD, Feb. 8 Delayed 1T may
now be revealed that a German
counterattack on the night of
February 3 attained initial sue
cess and succeeded for several
hours in trapping thousands of
British troops in a salient that
then existed north of Carroceto,
below Rome.
Fortunately, the enemy was able
to interpose fewer than 1000 troops
between the isolated British spear
head and the main Allied force.
The Germans, however, were sup
ported by six or eight Cotton Tiger
tanks that appeared at dawn on
February 4 on a ridge, only a few
hundred yards from a highway
which was the only possible route
of escape.
The remarkable work of Ameri-
can tank destroyers in knocking out
four Tigers aided in restoring the
situation. In the fierce, confusing
fight, the British infantry not only
broke up the trap, but took 300
prisoners.
The bulk of the British force was
extricated. Some equipment was
lost
Until late Friday the situation
remained very disturbing Reserves
Evening star., 1944-02-10
New Yorker Appointed
Commissioner Of Revenue

Joseph D, Nunan, jr., At, Douglas
town, Long Island, N. Y, today was
nominated by President Roosevelt
to be commissioner of internal reve-
nue., succeeding Robert E. Hannegan,
who resigned to become chairman
of the Democratic National Com
mittee.
Mr.. Nunan is now collector of in
ternal revenue for the Eastern dis
trict of New York, with Offices in
Brooklyn. He was sponsored for the
new post by the Queens County
Democratic organization.
The New Yorker was elected to
the New York State Assembly in
1880, then served nine years in the
State Senate. He was appointed to
the Brooklyn revenue post three
years ago.
Mr.. Nunan, an attorney, was
graduated from Fordham Univer-
slty law school. He is married and
has three daughters and one son
Evening star., 1944-02-10
District OPA Will Permit Use
Of March Fuel Coupons Now

In a move which will result in
an estimated saving of $4,000
miles of travel by local delivery
trucks, the District OPA today
notified fuel oil dealers here that
consumers who have only 100
gallons or less oil available in
period No. 4 coupons may apply
to ration boards for exchange
of period No. 5 coupons which
were not to become valid until
March IA.
The action was taken after con-
ferences with the District Fuel Oil
Dealers Advisory Board, during
which dealers stated that $4,000
miles of travel by their trucks would
be eliminated by curtailing short
deliveries.
OPA officials stressed that the
consumer will receive no additional
oil ration as a result of the change.
1t will mean, however, an important
saving of tires, gasoline, truck wear
and labor
For more than . month local
Evening star., 1944-02-10
Tito Reports British
Joining in Landing
Near Balkan Coast
Huvur Island Located
StrotegiooIIy Between
Split and Dubrovnik
BY the Associated press.


LONDON, Feb. TO- Marshal
Josip Broz (Tito) announced in
a broadcast communique from
his Yugoslav headquarters today
that his guerrillas had been
Joined by British units on Hvar-
strategic island which forms a
bridgehead into the Balkans.
Naval and military quarters in
London said they had no reports of
any landing operation, however, and
assumed it had not yet developed
on large scale. Any such oper-
alton would be directed from Al
giers.
The British fighting alongside
Tito's partisans might be Com
mandoS, marines or small army
units put ashore in connection with
naval activity, or might be groups
of Britons who escaped Italian pris-
on camps in Northern Italy, it was
pointed out.
Hvar Strategically Important.
1t has been disclosed that British
liaiSon groups are with the Partisans
and that extensive supplies are be-
ing sent across the Adriatic to the
YugoSlavs.
= There have been no recent reports
of fighting on Hvar, which occupies
a strategically important position
about midway between the Dalma-
tan ports of Split and Dubrovnik.
The Partisan communique also
Evening star., 1944-02-10
u. 5. PLANNING
S150,000,000
Shops Project
Federal Financing
Mapped for Stores
In Crowded Areas

The Government is preparing
to provide capital for stores.
shops and restaurants in COM
mupities where the influx of war
workers has taxed existing facil-
tiles beyond capacity, it was dis
closed today when President
Roosevelt asked Congress to ap-
propriate sl5O,000,0O0 to provide
necessary services to meet the
need of mushrooming population.
At the Federal Works Agency,
which is handling the program. it
was said this will be the first time
the government has gone into the
merchandising field in this manner,
and that it is looked on as an i'm
portant step in cutting down plant
abSenteeism.
AS the plan was outlined in
letter from Budget Director Smith,
on which the President based his
request for unds, these shopping and
eating facilities would have to be
constructed by the Federal Govern
ment but, of course, should be linn
tied only to those critical over
crowded areas in which continued or
increased war production is con-
templated but where the local COM
munity and private enterprise have
found they cannot solve the prob
lens themselves.
Needless to say, such facilities
would be operated by private enter
prise and not by the Government.
Mr.. Smiths letter also urged that
private resources be used to the
utmost to deal with this particular
problem.
The sl50,000,000 asked by Mr..
Roosevelt is the remainder of $780,
100000 authorized by Congress for
public works and other items in war
centers. schools, hospitals, streets
and sewers, and child care centers or
some of the necessities for which
provision is made
Evening star., 1944-02-10
Spruonce Made Full Admiral
For Leadership in MorshoIIs
Turner Is Promoted
To Vice Admiral for
Part in Invasion

Prompt reward for their lead
ership of the successful Marshall
Islands invasion was given two
high-ranking naval officers to-
day when President Roosevelt
asked the Senate's approval OF
a promotion for each.
Vice Admiral Raymond A. Spru-
ance, commander of the American
forces which invaded the japanese
stronghold, was nominated to be a
full admiral, while Rear Admiral
Richmond K. Turner. who COM
manded amphibious forces which
landed on the islands of Roi and
Kwajalein, was named a vice ad-
miral
Admiral Spruance, 81. is a native
of Baltimore, though his home is
now in Indianapolis.
Admiral Turner, So, directed am
phibious operations at Guadalcanal,
New Georgia, in the Gilbert Islands,
and Munda before going into the
Marshalls, A native of Portland,
Evening star., 1944-02-10
ForrestaI Impressed
BY Power in Pacific
BY the Associated Press

by the Associated Press.
ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN
THE SOUTHWEST PACIFIC, Feb.
9 Delayed .-Undersecretary of the
Navy James v. Forrestal said today
he had received an impression Of
mounting power" in both the South
and Southwest Pacific areas.
Eighteen months ago when he
visited the South Pacific, Mr.. For
restal said, the thread on which
our strategy hung was very slender"
But now 1T is like steel, thanks to
the leadership of Macarthur and
the achievement of the Army and
the Navy"
The Undersecretary stopped in at
Gen. MacArthur's headquarters in a
tour of Pacific war areas with Vice
Admiral Ben Moreell, chief of the
Navy's Bureau of Yards and Docks
and creator of the "Seabees," and
Rear Admiral William j. Carter,
Navy Bureau of Supplies.
Mr.. Forrestal said he landed on
Kwajalein on the second day after
the marines. and that the Marshalls
campaign was "Spectacularly sue
cessful." He added, however, that
no one operation will win the war"
Success Of the Marshall offensive.
he said, reflected two things
meticulous planning, and use Of
overwhelming power. The same
kind of planning is in the minds of
the commanders in the Southwest
Pacific" he said.
Evening star., 1944-02-10
j. 5. Fortresses Raid
Brunswick, Nazi
Plane Plant Center
Berlin Radio Reports
Greet Air Battle;
Dutch Targets Hit
Sy the Associated press


LONDON, Feb. 1O.-American
frying Fortresses today attacked
targets in Brunswick, Nazi air
craft manufacturing center in
central Germany, and the Berlin
radio said a great air battle
developed.
At the same time, formations of
Llberator bombers raided the big
Nazl fighter base at Gilze- -Riien
Holland, and strong forces of Ameri-
can Marauders flew against military
installations in Northern France.
Inc Gllze-Rijen attack probabl
knocked out many enemy fighters
which would have been in the air
against the Brunswick attacking
Fortresses had the Dutch fighter
base been left undisturbed.
No Figures Given.
No figures on planes shot down on
the Brunswick attack, nor on For
tresS losses, were available immedi-
ately On trip January IL to
Brunswick, Oschersleben and Hal
oerstadt the Americans lost so heavy
bombers but shot down 152 Nazi
hghters. The heavies went back to
Brunswick and Hanover January
80 and shot down 81 enemy aircraft
While losing 20 bombers.
Several aircraft parts assembly
plants are situated at Brunswick
including the Brunswick -Wagg,lm
Mello assembly factory which was
hard hit previously. The city of
about 100000 persons was hit with
1000 tons of bombs in % minutes
during an Raj night attack Janu-
ary "A, between the two previous
American assaults.
The United States Air Force now
has conducted 10 major operations
against the continent in the last 13
days.
installations Attacked.
The Marauders hammered at in
stallations backing up the Nazis'
Atlantic Wall in Northern France
for the third straight day after f1v-
ing $50 sorties in 48 hours without a
single loss.
The extended daylight sweeps
across the Channel began imme-
diately after RAF Mosquito bombers
ranged over unspecified targets in
the Western Reich last night for
their sixth penetration of Germany
this month.
The new Marauder attack was
made under the cover of an UNI
brella of RAF Spitflre fighters.
Evening star., 1944-02-10
Plan for u. ). 10 Paw
Half Of Zoo Costs
Approved Tentatively
House Subcommittee
Told Entire Burden on
District Is Unfair

A proposal that half of the
maintenance and operations
costs Of the Zoo be paid by the
United States, instead of requir-
ing District taxpayers to foot
the whole bill, was tentatively
approved today by the House
District Appropriation Subcom-
mittee.
Representative Coffee, Decocrat
Of Washington, subcommittee chair
man, said the group felt it was
unfair" for the District to have
to pay the whole cost since more
than half of the Zoos visitors come
from the States and since the Dis
trict government does not have con-
troll over the institution.
The surprise hearing was called
today, well in advance of the sched-
uled hearings on the 1945 budget
estimates. because DR.. William
Mann, the Zoo director, is to leave
on mysterious mission and will not
De mere 1Or Lne regular nearing.
Can't Give Details.
DR.. Mann said he could not say
where he was going or on what mis-
sion and it was assumed there was
some wartime connection Asked if
he planned to bring any animals or
other zoo specimens back, he asked
if he had failed to do so
on other trips.
Mr.. Coffee said his group planned
to urge the House District Commit
tee to bring out a joint resolution
lSee 700 poue AoA
Evening star., 1944-02-10
u. 5. Will Raise Legation
In Iran 10 Embassy

BY the Associateo Press
The United States and Iran have
decided to raise their diplomatic
missions from Legations to EN-
bassies, the State Department an
nounced today.
Britain and Iran have reached
the same agreement, it was an
nounced in London.
The State Department said this
Government had decided to elevate
its mission in Teheran I'm recogni-
ton of the greatly increased rela-
tlonships which have recently de-
yeloped between the two countries
and in accordance with the status
OF Iran as a full member of the
United Nations
Iran is the principal channel for
delivery of military supplies to
Russia.
The United States Minister to
Iran, Louis Dreyfus, is now vaca-
tloning in this country. The Iran
ian Minister in Washington is Mo-
manned Shayesteh.
Evening star., 1944-02-10
D. T.. War Bond Sales
Only Is Pct. Short Of
Goal
Days Purchases TotoI
$500, 900; Corporations
Still Forging Ahead

District War Bond purchases
have risen to within 13 per cent
of the S95 100000 Fourth War
Loan goal.
Sales of s5,2OO,OOo, half of them
to individuals. were reported today
by the Fifth Federal Reserve Bank
Of Richmond, to bring the Districts
total up to S82, 2,7O0,OOO Individual
sales aggregate 32,5OO0OO, or 81 3
per cent of the quota, and series E
bond purchases total s20,6OO,OO0, or
68.6 per cent of the goal.
Corporate buyers still were forg-
ing ahead with new sales of So, ,60O,-
900 reported to bring the total up to
s52 ,200,0oo or 120 per cent of the
total
Nationally, the campaign total
stood at s11,772 100000, or "a per
cent of the $4,000 900, 900 quota.
Individual purchases accounted for
$3,O22, 900, 900, or 55 per cent of the
goal in this category.
Maryland Near Goal.
Another State, Montana, officially
went over the top yesterday and
Maryland was reported very prob
ably at its goal, although the latest
official tabulation showed 95 per cent
of the S191 100000 quota raised
Rhode Island, the first State to
reach the goal. reported its success
(See WAR BONDS, Page A-16D
Evening star., 1944-02-10
Senator Holman Resiqns
From District Committee

Senator Holman, Republican, of
Oregon today resigned as a men,
ber of the Senate District Commit
tee in letter to Vice President
Wallace which was read to the Sen
ate.
Senator Holman's brief note gave
no reason for asking to be relieved,
out said he also had notified Chair
man Nye Of the Republican Com
mittee on Committees.
Senator Holman was chairman of
the special subcommittee appointed
last fall by former Chairman Nc
Carran of the District Committee to
investigate Gallinger Hospital.
Senator Holman said later the
resignation had nothing whatso-
ever" to do with discussion of the
results of the Gallinger investiga-
ton, but was due entirely to pres
sure of national affairs.
The Oregon Senator explained he
had been getting to his Office as
early as 7 am. and staying as late
as $50 or 7 pm, trying to keep up
with his work as a member of such
various committees as those on mill
tary affairs. naval affairs, appro-
priations. deficiencies. immigration
and public lands.
Evening star., 1944-02-10
Rescue of Thousands of British
Trapped Below Rome Revealed
Nozis Routed by U. S. Tank Destroyers
And English Infontry in Bitter Bottle

were put on the alert by the enemy
capture of high ground dominating
the main highway and preventing
tanks to come to the aid of the
isolated force A counterattack
launched from the main Allied line
narrowed the gap somewhat while
British 25-pounders held off Ger
man reinforcements.
The German attack started an
hour before midnight Thursday
Every enemy gun seemed trained on
the long, thin salient where the
British spearhead had halted l8
miles from Rome.
The curious thing was that every
body expected it. From the begin
ming the British had showed ahead
of the main bridgehead line. Their
initial thrust carried them to Can1po
dl Carno. A second jump took them
to Carroceto, where they crushed
the first German counterattack
against the Latium bridgehead.
Finally. in hard fighting, they cut
the main railway line at Campoleone
and were a half mile beyond when
all signs suddenly turned red.
Their salient was about 2 miles
long and scarcely a mile wide. The
Germans were quick to exploit this
dangerously extended position. First
they probed the left flank with sew
eral counterattacks in company
strength. They were seeking a weak
spot and they found one near the
neck of the salient miles north
of Carroceto.
me Germans bided their time,
Evening star., 1944-02-10
Destroyer Commanded by D. c. Man Wipes Out
Four jap Ships While Rescuing U. S. Flyers
Skipper Had Told
Parents to See Him
In the Newspapers

I'VE are mighty proud of what he
has dorle."
That was the first reaction of Mr.
and Mrs. Wayne M. Eller, 17O5 La
mont street NV, parents of the 35-
year-old Washington born skipper
OF the United States destroyer Burns
which wiped out a convoy of four
Jap ships in the Marshall Islands
area.
In fact, the news came as no sur
prise to the parents of Comdr. Dom
aid T. Eller. Mrs. Eller said she re-
ceived letter from her son this
1t ended with the pro-
phetic words: You'll see me in the
papers,"
His letter was written January %,
just a week before the engagement
(See ELLER, Page A-4.)