davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1944-08-17
U.Boats Still a Menace
To the Editor of The Star:

7 o the Editor Of The Star:
! cannot refrain from protesting
against the editorial, 1.-The U-Boat De.
feat" which appeared in The Star of
August II, the, same issue which listed
my dear son as missing in action" in
the Asiatic area. The account OF the
dastardly attack on his ship, the sink
ing of the lifeboats and the numbering
of the victims was carried only In your
final edition of July 81.
Your editorial gives the impression
that the U-boat menace is a thing of
the past. There seems to be a campaign
OF concealment of the field-day the
japanese U-boats are having in the
Indian Ocean, where our boys are sent on
slow cargo boats, not in convoy nor
escorted in any manner. Why Is not
something done about that? They say
the British are in charge in the Indian
Ocean, but that circumstance does not
absolve the United States authorities Of
responsibility for sending our boys to
be murdered by the Jap U-boats with
out any protection whatever s..
r. p. GUTHRIE.
Evening star., 1944-08-17

France. for instance, It seems evi-
dent that the margin Of Allied su-
ps1ority Was 70 great that the
enemy could not hope to prevent
the landing. And that being %, it
msg be- wondered what the Allies
had to hide. After all, secret or
nos secret, there was nothing the
Germans could do to meet the at
tack. They were busily engaged
elsewhere.
Evening star., 1944-08-17

eastward and are engaged in hard
nghting with our covering forces in
the sector ChartreS-Dreux" Observe
that term covering forces" Covering
what? A German defense of the line
Chartres-Dreux against Allied attack
from the west might be designed to
hold the line Of the river Eure, and
perhaps extend that line north toward
the Seine as a barrier of refuge behind
which the broken remnants of the
German Seventh Army might be re-
formed, regrouped and made again into
fighting units.
Or such line might be used to cover
the debouchement through Paris Of a
German mass OF maneuver designed to
interfere with the Allied plans for the
mopping up OF those remnants.
In Southern France the Allied forces
seem to be getting ahead with their
work without great enemy interference.
In this sector Of the Battle of France,
events seem likely to move rapidly for
the next few days at least. Even If the
enemy decides to make q tough fight in
Southern France, he does have forces
sumcient to endeavor to contain the
Allies in q narrow beachhead. He must
await the opportunity for = telling coun-
terattAck
The Allied strategy win probably be
one Of exploiting our initiative and su-
perior mobility Oncluding air mobility
to the full by pushing forward to seize
the important communications centers
Of the region as quickly as possible,
thus restricting the enemy's pewer Of
movement and Of concentration, and
then seeking to get hold Of great
seaport. as we did in Normandy.
Probably our commanders VIII seek to
get through the ,dimcult coast line ter
rain and debouch into the more open
region Of the Bouches du Rhone before
the Germans can find means to prevent
them. BY such move the capture Of
Marseille and Toulon should be greatly
facilitated.
(Copyrisht. 1s44)
Evening star., 1944-08-17
The Political Mill
Bv Gould Lincoin

NEW YORK.-President Roosevelt q
month or two ago was the sphinx of
washington. Gov. Thomas e. Dewey
was the sphinx Of Albany. Neither
would announce his political plans. All
that Is now in the past.
The new sphinx is Wendell L. Willkie
the political enigma of New York,
Mr.. Willke is enjoying the role. The
man who, as standard bearer of the
Republican party in 1910 polled % ,304,-
75o votes, now regards himself as an
independent. He owes nothing to the
Dewey managers, who ignored him after
he had withdrawn from the race for
the presidential nomination last April.
They might have named him as
delegate at large from New York to the
Republican National Convention. But
they did not. He was not invited to
address the national convention. His
name, as matter Of fact, was not men
toned during the convention.
The politicians are speculating not
only on what Mr.. Willkie is going to
do in the coming campaign and elec-
ton, but also what his own personal
following Is going to do. It has been
argued IN some quarters that Mr.. Will
-~AS A1S &SAoSA Aloo ally iOllUW-
ing or political influence. It should be
remembered, however, that Mr.. Willkie
stirred lot of men and women, who
had not voted in the past, to cast their
ballots in 1910. Look at the figures.
In 1885 the presidential popular vote
stood 27,476,677 for Roosevelt and 49,
679,583 for Landon. Four years later
the vote was Roosevelt, 27,243,466 and
Willkie, 22,304,755. Roosevelts vote was
about 100000 less than in 1896, and
Mr.. Wilkes vote was 5,625, 900 greater
than that cast for Landon.
X X
Mr.. WILKES friends say that the
Republican National Convention nom
mated q presidential candidate who
has yet to express himself specifically
on many important issues, both foreign
and domestic. They point out that the
convention wrote platform with which
Mr.. Willkie entirely disagrees on many
points. They add that as a man de-
voted to principle ratherA than political
maneuvering, he necessarily hesitates
to leap aboard the Dewey-Bricker train.
Obviously, unless Mr.. Willkie desires
to remain entirely aloof from the 1914
presidential race, he will eventually de-
clare himself on one side or the other.
Evening star., 1944-08-17

Although the fourth and final of
the War Production Boards recon-
version orders is now in effect,
Chairman Donald M. Nelson has
wisely cautioned the public against
expecting anything but the most
modest increase in the output of
civilian goods. Not until Germany
is defeated-at which time the Ma
tion's arms program may be reduced
40 per cent-will there be any
marked upward change, and even
then, though 1899 levels will be
reached, consumers will find many
items still scarce. Full transition to
peacetime economy, in other words,
cannot be expected before the col
lapse of Japan.
The WPB's four orders relax re-
strictions on the use of aluminium
and magnesium; allow industries
enough materials to build single
working models of articles designed
for postwar sales; permit the order
ing of machine tools and similar
equipment required for reconversion,
and authorize field off1cials-in
places where there is an excess of
labor and machinery not needed for
arms -making-to lift the ban which
has applied heretofore against the
manufacture of 79 groups of items
in the civilian market. This last
order, around which considerable
controversy revolved recently, may
seem to promise big immediate
increase in certain types of con-
sumerS, goods, but as Mr.. Nelson
has been at pains to make clear, it
will probably have little appreciable
effect in that respect. For in &C
cordance with a directive from the
Office of War Mobilization, and with
the WPB's full assent, the military
authorities and the War Manpower
Commission have veto power over
any ban-lifting decision likely to
interfere with the arms program.
Moreover, before he can start max
ing one or another of the freed
items-such as alarm clocks or hair
pins-a manufacturer must meet
certain rigid conditions guarantee
ing that war output in his own city
or elsewhere will not be impaired.
AS Mr.. Nelson himself emphasizes,
the WPB orders are not designed,
primarily, to bring about rapid
and large increase in civilian goods.
Their main purpose is to set up a
mechanism enabling industries to
begin preparing for the day when
the manpower and military situa-
ton will permit heavy reconversion,
as will happen when Germany goes
under. This is certainly sensible
approach to a problem which will
eventually be the biggest facing the
Nation. Its great virtue is that it
neither interferes with the arms
program nor neglects the ever
growing necessity of getting ready
without delay for the time when we
shall have to swing swiftly into
peace production if we are to avoid
the dangerous social and economic
dislocations inherent in the ending
of the war.
Evening star., 1944-08-17

anything other than shabby Quis-
lings who tried hard to sell out their
native land. There may Be consid-,
erable excuse for the aged Petain,
who even now Is said to be resisting
German efforts to transport him to
the Reich. But for Laval-who is
reported looking desperately for q
haven somewhere-for Laval and his
kind, the record will be 4 damaging
witness and the judgment OF
Frenchmen may be correspondingly
bitter and severe.
Vichy'S silence at this point may
therefore be regarded as the silence
Of men who, having tied their per-
sonal hopes, fortunes and ambitions
to the German armies, have now
been rendered fearful and uneasy
to the point Of speechlessness by
what is happening to those armies
on every front. Had they not been
so arrogant and sure of themselves
after the fall Of France, had they
been more French and less Nazi in
their words and actions, one could
feel sorry for them in their present
predicament. But the record being
what it is, sympathy appears to have
little place here. When France is
reborn free and strong again, the
rebirth will be in spite of Vichy and
not because OF it, and the half
Frenchmen who made the place no.
torious will be immortalized by
French history in letters OF shame
which in itself may be punishment
enough for most of them.
Evening star., 1944-08-17
The Horseshoe

That summer day the black birds
perched and scolded,
While they talked beside the pasture
bars, "a,
They ,oere young and life ,oas shining
trinket .--
{. About their necks, their eyes Uere
filled Uith stars.
He cdrped tlpo names upon a slender
poplar,
inside heart, ,oith his sharpened
barlo,D knife.
And hung a bright nep horseshoe Just
dboue it,
TO bring him luck. he said, and
blHe-eyed tDite.
The years haue passed; his Wite Il
dark and sturdy,
His acres wide. his four sons orowH
tall,
He sees the rusty horseshoe In the poplcf
But there IS no name on the shngcy
bark at all.
He siohs: line shaped like broken
dart
And ragged scar could It have
been q heart? -,
ALMA Robson HIGBEK
Evening star., 1944-08-17
The Italian Factor

AlCnOugn the Allied invasion of
the French Riviera Is generally
viewed as part of the military pic
ture in France, it has important i'm
plications with regard to the Italian
situation. The Allied landings are on
that portion of the French Medi-
terranean coast nearest to the Ital-
ian border, and as soon as the beach,
heads are consolidated and moved
inland, a potential threat will be
built up for the German forces oc-
cupying Northwestern Italy. It is
barely 100 miles from the Franco
Italian border to Genoa, the port
metropolis Of Northern Italy, and it
may be significant that the Allied
aerial bombardment preceding the
invasion was directed against the
Italian as well as the French Ri
viera. Indeed, the German high
command was not sure that the an
ticipated invasion might have been
launched against Genoa rather than
against Toulon and Marseilles,
which perhaps accounts in part for
the lightness of the German coastal
defense. In any case, coastal install
lations along the Italian Riviera
have been notably softened up.
However, unless the German forces
there are extremely weak, an Allied
thrust along the coast of Genoa is
not Immediately probable. This is
because, all along the Italian Ri
viera, the mountains rise virtually
from the sea, with no coastal strips
or valleys such as are found on the
French side of the border. And
Immediately inland the frontier fol-
lows the crest of mountains impas-
sable for any but small bodies of
lightly troops. So except
along the coast, the Germans in
Italy have little to fear for the mo-
ment from that quarter. Neverthe-
less, the psychological effects OF an
Allied invasion next-door to North
ern Italy are bound to be impor-
tant. Patriotic resistance to the
Germans will be intensified, which
will imply more troops to hold down
the country, prevent Gripping sabo-
tage, and guard against possible
raids by Allied commandos or para
troops.
On the main battlefront in North
central Italy the Allied armies, after
taking Florence and crossing the
Arno River, are approaching the So
called Gothic Line, a strong defense
zone established by the Germans
along the crest of the Appenine
Mountain chain which cuts diago-
nally across the peninsula from
point above Pisa on the Ligurian Sea
to Rimini on the Adriatic. On the
Ligurian end the mountains rise
from the sea, but the Adriatic end
is vulnerable to Allied landings,
since here begins the great valley
of the Po Prime Minister Churchill's
recent visit to Italy and his confer
ences there with Marshal Tito, head
OF the Jugoslav insurgents, doubtless
concerned in great part the Adriatic
situation and leaves the German
high command in quandary as to
whether Allied landings on either or
both sides of the Adriatic are in
prospect. Italy thus tends to be-
come strategic question mark with
varied military possibilities.
Evening star., 1944-08-17
Second Battle of France
By Maj. George Fieldine Eliot

The Second Battle of France should
now be viewed as whole. We should
constantly keep in mind the inter-
action of the various parts: The north
ern and southern fronts, the action OF
Allied air forces, the German need for
guarding the robot-bomb coast, and
interior.
On the northern front, there seems
good reason to believe that the de-
struction of the German Seventh Army
as q fighting force is being method
ically proceeded with.
AS to the number Of German troops
still within the trap, a good many esti-
mates have been published, but these
should be accepted with reserve. 1t is
hardly possible for anyone, whether
commander on the battlefield or . cor
respondent in France or In London, to
form any accurate opinion Of the num-
ber of Germans who are still inside
the narrowing pocket of Allied steel
and fire.
1t is hardly possible for the German
commanders to do so, either. The con-
fusion must be indescribable as these
various German units are pressed back
upon one another, still trying to fight
and to carry out movements ordered
by commanders who can have little
idea of the actual situation Of the
troops who must try to obey their
orders.
\
The Germans who do succeed in
breaking or filtering out Of the area
of development win still be subject to
pursuit by Allied air forces, and may
be brought to battle by Allied armored
elements in the area between the
NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS. road and the
Seine. This Is q military no mans
land at present, but there are certainly
Allied as well as German troops within
1t.
It is notable that the German COM
nunique states enemy forces are
thrusting from the area OF Alencon
Evening star., 1944-08-17
This Changing World
By CoNsfaHfiNs ByosCn

Prime Minister Churchill's visit to
Rome Is regarded In Warrington diplo-
matte circles as Of paramount import
ance for the future alignment Of powers
after Germany has been defeated.
Unlike his predecessors, Lord Bald-
win, Ramsey Macdonald and Neville
Chamberlain, Mr.. Churchill has become
Balkan conscious" He Is keenly aware
Of the fact that II Britain Is to MAIN
tain some influence in Europe after the
war, she must have on her side the
western portion Of the Balkan penin-
sula and at least one OF the Central
European states. The trainers OF Bri-
tain's foreign policies realize the poten-
tialities Of Russias influence In that
portion Of Europe.
According to oficial announcements
from Rome, the British Prime Minister
has had several long conversations with
Marshal Tito, whom Great Britain Is
recognizing and bolstering up as the
leader Of Yugoslavia. The military
value of Tito and his forces Is negligible.
Since the end OF May when he was
surprised at his headquarters by q bat
talon Of German parachutists, Tito has
not set foot on the Yugoslav mainland
again, according to reliable reports. He
has made his headquarters on the
island Of Wis in the Adriatic.
That island is occupied by q British
contingent Of several thousand men
under The command of Brig. Gen.
Churchill, who has the same name but
is not related to the Prime Minister.
For reasons Of high politics, however.
the Bari radio station which the Brit
ish government has placed at Tito's dis
posal continues to broadcast spectacular
military actions in Bosnia and other
sections Of Yugoslavia Local skir-
mishes between Tito's forces and either
the Germans or Gen. Draja Mikailo-
vich's Chetniks are translated by the
broadcasters into real military victories
So long as the Chetniks of the former
Yugoslav war minister receive no out
side support they can be considered by
the Allies as negligible quantity which
1t is hoped will disappear when the
British forces in italy enter Yugoslavia
with Tito as the formal ruler of the
country.
While Tito has not been yery lucky
as military leader, the British polit-
ical agents who have been at his head
quarters consider him as an able polit-
ical man who, If strongly supported by
the Allies and eventually given sumcient
arms, could establish himself rs the
ruler OF all Of Yugoslavia with the DOS
siole exception Of old Serbia. Tito was
created by Moscow at a time when
America and Great Britain were still
supporting Gen. Mihailovich.
Serbia itself is Of little importance in
the British calculations in Southeastern
Europe. But Croatia and Dalmatia
Evening star., 1944-08-17
Corusi Appointment

In naming Ugo Carusi to be
commissioner OF immigration and
naturalization, President Roosevelt
ha3 made an excellent selection for
an Ofiice that demands a high degree
Of administrative skill, along with
the. ability to give judicial consid-
GRAFTON to the complex problems
that arise in dealing with the alien
population.
Mr.. Carusi's long association with
the Government in responsible posi-
tions, and, in recent years, with the
immigration and Naturalization
Service following its transfer from
the Labor Department to Justice,
equips him to discharge creditably
the executive duties involved. As
the Italian-born son of naturalized
American parents, he no doubt will
bring to the Office the sympathetic
understanding that is essential
where the human factor so often
WelgnS heavily.
Another gratifying feature of the
appointment is that it marks the
advancement of a career employe.
Mr.. Carusi came to the Justice De-
partment in 1925 as secretary to
Attorney General John G. Sargent.
Five years later, he was made execu-
tive assistant to Attorney General
William D. Mitchell, and there he
has remained, save for brief period,
through changing administrations,
under five Attorneys General.
Evening star., 1944-08-17
Cause of the South
By David Laurence.
From the Topeka Capital.

Southern Democracy is at the cross
roads in this presidential election year.
Leaders below the Mason and Dixon
Line are warning their followers that
fourth term sponsored by corrupt city
machines will do far more harm to the
Southern cause than election of q Re-
publican President. AS a matter Of
fact, the Republican party stands for
the same principles of government for
which the South has fought since re-
construction DAYS
Evening star., 1944-08-17

A Berlin broadcast plaintively
declares that Germany, like the hart
that panteth after the fountain of
water, would welcome a 10-month
breathing spell in order to win the
war. The inconsiderate Allies, how
ever, appear strongly opposed to
pauses that refresh, it being music
to the ears to hear the continuous
hun and pun of the Supermen ad-
vancing, as their communicates
would have it, masterfully to the
rear.
Evening star., 1944-08-17

1t seems only yesterday that Cor
poral Hitler referred to Anglo
American strategists as a bunch of
amusing military idiots" who knew
nothing about war. But those crazy
fellows, in a veritable idiots delight,
are carrying things too far. Unless
they stop soon they are going to
tickle the Fuehrer's funnybone till
it kills him.
Evening star., 1944-08-17

The speed with which the Senate
acted to withhold General Pattons
promotion following the soldier
slapping incident is equaled only by
It's speed in confirming the promo
ton after the announcement that
he is commanding the victorious
Third Army
Evening star., 1944-08-17

Expert Opinion on Parasites
To the Editor OF The Star:
I would like to express my apprecia-
tion of Frank Kents article, regarding
the New Deal-bought vote.
I was in the Government service for
81 years, serving in several departments,
and also in couple of New Deal agen-
cies. I learned to know that the Gov
ernment clerks, especially in the New
Deal agencies, have a dreadful fear of
one man, and he Is Senator Byrd. My
guess is that 1t Is the fear of Senator
Byrd that prompted "One of Them"
and IF. NJ" to criticize Mr.. Kents ar
ticle.
If had my say about it would fire
IL millions Of Federal employees now
and when the war is over fire another
million. This would leave about 5O0,-
600. which stu would be too many.
EX-GOVERNMENTP PARASITE.
Evening star., 1944-08-17
Says Der Is All Right


To the Editor OF The Star:
In q communication to The Star of
August IL Fred A. Bloch comments on
the use of the words Der Fuehrer's
last stand" in an article, "Hitler's Last
Purge" which appeared in your edi-
torial page on August S.
He argues that in accordance with
the declension of the German noun in
combination with the definite article,
instead of This is Der Fueher's last
stand" you should have said: This is
Des Fuehrer's last stand"
However, Mr.. Bloch fails to take into
account that the expression Der
Fuehrer," as a title just like I'll Duce,"
must be treated as a unit and declined
according to the rules of English, not
German, grammar as: Nominative case,
Der Fuehrer; possessive case, Der
Fuehrers, and objective case, Der
Fuehrer. The expression must be
judged according to the rules Of Eng
lish, not German, grammar, as you
were writing not correct German but
correct English. MATHETES.
Evening star., 1944-08-17
Letters to The Star
Danger Of Trusting One
Quoted From Historian

TO the Editor Of Ths star:
In his fSmous introduction TO his
History Of the Nineteenth Century,"
the publication Of which was inter-
rupted by his death, the historian Ger
vinuB reached this conclusion:
"From the despotism of the Orient
to the aristocratic states of antiquity
and the Middle Ages, founded on slavery
and serfdom, and from them to the
policy Of the western states, still in
development, there is regular progress
OF intellectual and civil freedom-first
from one to that Of the few, and then
from them to Ill. But where states have
completed their cycle of existence, one
may again observe from the height OF
their development q corresponding de-
cline of culture, of freedom and power,
from the many to the few, and from
them to one, alone"
II the distinguished Heidelberg pro-
fessor were still alive, would he not cite
the miseries which Italy is suffering
from trusting everything to Mussolini
and the miseries which Germany is suf-
fering from having granted too much
power to Hitler, as examples Of the
dangers Of government by zone, alone?
Scottsville, Va. G. M. DILLARD.
Evening star., 1944-08-17
Sensible Approach

THURSDAY. August II, 1874