davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1944-10-01

Neucleus of the new AAF Weather
Unit at Miami are four specially equip
ped Bass flown by top-notch pilots
whose average age is rs.
Two factors aid these planes in sur
viving the storm. One is their 300-mile
an hour speed. mo such velocity has
ever been recorded in q hurricane)
And the other is the absence OF oppos-
ing vertical air currents which occur in
thunderstorms and have been known
to shear the wings from plane.
There is no flying above or just skirt
ing the outer edges when the order
comes to ride a hurricane. These boys
have to probe close to the heart Of the
gale. recording wind velocities and di-
rection, barometer and temperature
readings. And they don't wait until
their return home to report the all
important data. The ships radioman
keeps a steady stream Of information
moving to Miami where meteorologists
plot the gales course. then send the
information on to the Weather Bureau
via teletype.
Spotting the Storm
In a matter OF hours, weathermen at
Miami or Washington have the hurri-
cane spotted, its course determined,
The press and radio are brought into
play, and soon families along the coast
are boarding up and preparing to move
inland. ...
The September hurricane, while still
just an infant, was first spotted east Of
Antigua In the West Indies on the
9th by one of the Miami flyers. A mis-
sion the next day confirmed the mete-
orologists' suspicion that 1t was going
to be the real thing. Between the 10th
and the 18th two missions day were
flown into the mounting fury of the
hurricane. After that it was close
enough to shore stations to permit ac-
curate forecasting ashore.
The men flying these dangerous mis-
sions from Miami are Capt. Allen c.
Virgins Of San Antonio, Tex, fight
commander; First 1t Otha c. Spencer
of Greenville, Tex; First 1t. Harry H.
Helvenston of Jacksonville, Fla, and
Second 1t. Frederick j. Huber of Johns
town, Pa. 1t. Huber few three missions
in the last hurricane, the greatest num-
Evening star., 1944-10-01

1t. Jerome Pressnaan, a flying
10eather officer, teletypes infor-
nation ON the hurricanes prog
ress to other stations.
The Germans early recognized the i'm
portance of aerial weather reconnais-
sance in this war and once flew planes
at high attitudes far out into the North
Atlantic. Allied airmen have reported
sighting them.
Paradoxically, the only way forecast
ers were able to keep track OF a hurri-
cane in peacetime was from reports Of
ships. But when q hurricane is in the
vicinity, ships move away in hurry,
leaving the Weather Bureau without
highly essential data. The hurricane
hunters are taking their place.
Evening star., 1944-10-01

the course to be flown In order to reach
the best position for observations, re-
cords information from his instruments
and keeps it flowing to the radioman.
Because 1t is essential for the weather
of1cer to keep accurate drift readings,
the plane must fly at an altitude sum-
cient TO see the surface Of the ocean.
That means flying at 5000 feet or lower
IN the worst kind of turbulence. AS
any pilot will tell you, that isn't exactly
safe lying.
Watching the Weather
When hurricane is not brewing, the
flyers are out looking for the condi-
tions that produce them. A crew may
operate for while out of a Caribbean
Evening star., 1944-10-01
BY John Clagett Proctor.

by JOllu NldkStC FIOCVUI.
Though Georgetown University WAS
late in adding its Medical School. and
still later its hospital, commendable
strides have been made in both
branches. and today its medical build
ing Is one OF the finest In the country,
and its hospital has achieved reputa-
GEon which extends far beyond the
boundaries of the Nations Capital
1t was therefore q wise move for
the Federal Works Agency to include
Old Georgetown in its grant Of $4,so0,-i
600 for the construction Of two new
@0-bed hospitals, the other university
30 recognized being George Washing
ton. to which the writer referred in
these columns week ago.
Georgetown University, early known
as Georgetown College, originated in
the mind of that great divine, Bishop
John Carroll. But like so many i'm
portant projects, this university had
q small beginning. In 1885, we find
the Rev. Carroll, James Pellentz Robert
Polyneux, John Ashton and Leonard
Neale acting as q board OF directors
for the clergy, designating three of its
members to act as trustees for the pur-
pose of acquiring by purchase from
Col Deakins and John Threlkeld a
piece of ground 2l0 by 27o feet, or
about one and one-third acres, on
which to erect the college and for
which they agreed to pay rs pounds
current money. Evidently, however, from
the university records, the first col
iege building was begun in 1888, the
year before the deed was actually
signed-January %, 1889.
Founded in. 1889
The year 1889, when Georgetown
University was founded, is notable
one in American history, for it was
on March of that year that the First
Congress under the new Constitution
met. Nearly two months later, on April
80, George Washington was sworn in
as the first President Of the United
States and John Carroll was conse-
created as Bishop of Baltimore by
Bishop Walmesley in the chapel OF
Lulworth Castle, England,
BY the autumn of 1891 the academy
was opened, and William CASTOR of
North Carolina was the first boy en-
tered on the roll of students. At this
time he was but 13 years of age, having
been born in Newbern, N. c., Septem-
ber II, 1778. 1t Is probable that he
did not graduate from Georgetown, for
he later returned to his native State
and became a student in the Academy
OF Newbern and later, in 1796, was
graduated from Princeton College
He became lawyer and practiced in
Newbern, N. c., later taking his seat
in the United States House Of Represen-
tatiyes, where he served from March 4.
1913, to March 3, 1877. In 1888 he was
appointed judge OF the Supreme Court
of North Carolina, which office he held
until his death in 1874.
An unusual privilege-that of intro
ducing a bill in Congress to raise the
college to a university-presented itself
in 1915, when Mr.. CASTOR was serving
in the House. "On the 9th of Janu-
Evening star., 1944-10-01

military purposes. 1t also provides mo-
bile meteorological facilities for Army
commands and operates special weather
stations in active theaters of war. The
naval Astrological organization furnishes
specialized informatin adapted for naval
purposes, providing weather facilities for
units of the feet and for shore stations.
The Weather Bureau provides the basic
national meteorological service, including
general synoptic and climatic data for
all purposes, both civil and military.
A New Horizon
DR.. Reichelderfer says the postwar
plan of the bureau contemplates con-
tinuation of aerial reconnaissance, per-
haps under the Civil Aeronautics Ad.
ministration. Such a service, he says,
will be repaid many times over in the
saving of lives and property.
1t will open up number of blind
spots on the foreeasters' charts. For
instance. the. area between the steamer
lanes from Los Angeles to Hawaii and
from Panama to the Far East would bs
covered by planes. In its vast area.
lying between TOO and 1000 miles south.
west of Los Angeles. are weather con-
ditions that give California its tor
rental rains and subsequent food toll.
Accurate aerial reconnaissance would
give all interests warning in advance,
DR.. Reichelderfer points out.
Ending Blind Spots
Similarly, there Is another blind spot,
the center of which lies about 1000 miles
east-southeast of Bermuda, In the area
old sailors called the Sargasso Sea.
Meteorologists say air masses there af-
feet weather along the East Coast.
Evening star., 1944-10-01

Flight Weather Officer 1t.
Henry J. ,Zafidn, checks his in
struments 1ohile flying blind in
torrentidl do,0npour on the
hurricane course.
ber of the group. The others new one or
two each.
Teamwork Is Keynote
Teamwork Is the keynote of hurri-
cane hunting, says Mai. Porush. Every
man Of the six-man crew In each BPS
is vitally important to the success of
a mission.
Pilot and co-pilot are concerned with
flying the ship, seeing that it keeps 60
ing despite a nightmare of flying con-
ditions. The engineer must keep his
motors humming- failure means
curtains" The navigator not only car
ries on his regular duties, but must
make a check every half hour on wind
direction for the weather officer. The
latter, who makes the final decision on
Evening star., 1944-10-01
Hurricane Hunters Make
Storm Warning History
BY Malcolm Lamborne, Jr.

They hurricanes the Of them
ma
Rsking
Of
Army nd bestny
Miami created in July and the Nays operating
hurricane
o
Riding hurricane these flyers call it, in
ski paned themt through
Evening star., 1944-10-01

creased the capacity of the university
hospital to 218 beds. The building was
dedicated on May /, 1912, DR.. G. Lloyd
Magruder, on behalf of Mrs Riggs, pre-
senting the building to the hospital, and
Continued on Page C-5)
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-01-23
Fathers And The Draft

With the drafting of pre-Pearl Harbor IA
theirs almost at hand few statistics are
made available by Metropolitan Life. Basing
its data on reports of the last Census, it re.
veas that almost half the fathers in the coun.
try with dependent children are of draft age.
wives and children under 10. OF this total,
100000 are liable for military service.
The company's analysis shows more than
half the husbands under Is are fathers and
about three-fourth of those between 30 and 81
support at least one child under IS. In the
case of husbands under 30, practically all the
children are under 10-many years away from
sslf-support. When the head of the family is
between 80 and "a. about four-fifths of the off
spring are under 10.
The Metropolitan points out: The RESPONSE.
rests mainly upon men who are still fairly
young in middle life. Ordinarily these men
provide for the current needs of their families
and. in addition, for the contingency that their
of physical disability or terminated by death.
The war. however, has thrust upon large mum.
bers of young family heads the paramount
duty of entering the armed forces at a sacri.
ice. TO themselves and their dependents"
At the same time. adds the company. 1.-THE
nation is providing generously for the needs
ii these families
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-01-23
Stop 1nching Along

The Italian campaign has entered new
and decidedly hopeful phase Under cover o
darkness. General Clark. commander of the
American 5th. Army, yesterday morning land
ed strong amphibian force well behind the
enemy lines and established bridgehead as
the initial squeeze of a pincer movement
against enemy forces to the south and q
wedge between them and their sources of SUD.
ply to the NORTH With American Rangers and
British Commands in the vanguard, Allied
troops are firmly stationed somewhere be.
tween the Theirs mouth and Nettuno south.
west of Rome.
lhus' II appears, the days of inching along
IN Italy are over. Henceforth we NAV expect
10 near OF more rapid progress against thu
I'erfnans than has been reported since The
assault at Salerno. With General Clark il
personal command of the, landing. which il
second only to Salerno in Allied sea-borne
operations. the same dash and spirit displayed
lhere is to be foreseen Clark does not d.
things by halves
with all communications to Rome cut off
win the Allied air umbrella protecting al
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-01-23
Senate Action On Taxes

The Senate deserves the gratitude of the
people at large for its refusal to grant the
full amount of new taxes demanded by the
President and the Treasurer It made some
concessions, to the administration but the adj
ditional revenue leaves the total still far short
OF the ten and one-haf billions requested
If the House concurs, as it probably will or
with slight changes and the new tax bill goes
to the White House. some observers believe
the President will veto it. Should he allow it
to stand, however, it becomes obvious that
Compromised and long -delayed economies in
government will have to be put into effect.
There is little reason to doubt that bv STOPPING
the extravaganza which has characterized the
administration and Army and Navy buying
the difference between the amount shown in
the Senate bill, $22756oO 900, and the grand
total set by Secretary Morgenthau of the
Treasury as Indispensable can be more than
made up.
Unless something is done to stop waste.
there will be little gained in winning the war
and bankrupting the people by confiscatory
taxation. The Senate has taken an important
and helpful step by blocking an excessive
raid upon the peoples resources.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-01-23
Benefits Refused

perhaps the strongest argument against any
increase in the social security rate is the
fact that of the thousands eligible for bene-
fits a large majority have chosen to con-
tnue working.
The annual report submitted to Congress
by Paul V. McNutt, social security admins
traitor, reveals that only abou tone third, or
2o4, 600 "old-timers' who could have received
monthly payments under the old-age and sur
vlvors insurance program if they retired,
have chosen to draw such benefits More
than 100000 persons past IS have postponed
their benefit claims, the bulk of them pre-
ferring to work, and the majority OF these
in behalf of the war effort
This newspaper has long contended that
able-bodied Americans, the normal, ri h t.
minded. clear-thinkng men and women, want
to work for their living, whatever their age.
This report confirms our position.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-01-23
New Star In His Crown

Leopold StokoWski has added another star
to his crown. He is organizing an orchestra
in New York and will give his services as d
rector without compensation. With great mod.
esty he says he will accept only enough out
side engagements to earn a living and devote
every available minute to training the nau.
sicians fortunate enough to win place in the
new organization and in conducting its con.
certs at times and places suited to the leisure
time chiefly of war workers.
The orchestra will be made up of eighty
musicians, to be chosen by the addition route
"a major task in itself. Considering the splen.
did success of Stokowski's young folks or.
chestra which he took on Pan American
tour couple of years ago, and which he in
tends to reorganize when the war is over it
is to be taken~for granted that the present
venture will have equally fine results.
In these times when musicians have hard
time to earning living it is gratifying to
know that at least eighty are to be assured
gainful employment The project ought to spur
greater interest in orchestral organizations
throughout the country. There is no good rea
son that the United States should not emerge
from this war as the musical center of the
world. 1t has already become the worlds
opera Mecca. Why can't it be the Mecca O.
symphony orchestras as well?
Stokowski has started movement that vel
could lead to that goal with enthusiastic CO
operation from music circles in other cities
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-01-23

battle areas and the American 5th and Brit
ish 9th Armies already in action in a con-
centrated thrust northward German forces be.
tween the sides of the pincers appear to be
in as desperate and hopeless plight as their
fellows were in Tunisia, with supplies halted
and escape cut off.
The Battle of Italy has been described broad
ly as minor engagement Some critics have
asked why it was ever undertaken But its i'm
portance has been established by effective
bombing raids throughout southern Europe
from Italian bases occupied by the Allied air
forces. Now, with the probability that victory
will not long be delayed, an additional ad-
vantage of driving the enemy out of Musso-
lini's benighted land will be manifested by the
shock to German morale its capture will
create.
Furthermore, if the Battle of Italy is won
before the invasion of western Europe is start
ed that adventure will be advantaged. With
one less battle to end, the Allies may con-
centrate larger supplies and equipment forces
for that attack. At the same time the Ameri-
can 5th. and British 8th Armies will be avail
able in large part for campaigns in the Ger
man-dominated Balkans, which are already
showing signs of revolt against their conquer
ors. Victory in Italy will have an important
effect upon the downfall of Hitler.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-01-23
War
interpretive
Bv KIRKE l.. SIMPSON
AssOciated Press War Analyst

Significance of the Anglo-Ameri-
can wedge driven between Ger
man forces on Italy's west coast
hangs hazarduously on Allied abil-
ity to enlarge the penetration at
atop speed.
The Italian coast version of the
oldest of military axioms-divide
and conquer-very likely will soon
bring terrific German resistance
to ward off impending disaster for
the Nazi armies semi-pocketed in
the south.
Success of this invasion venture
undoubtedly would drop block
buster into German plans to dead
lock the Italian front for the winter
while all available troops are striv-
ing frantically to stem the Russian
onslaught in the north.
Dominates News
The Allies surprise sweep DOM
mated the weekend war news al
though the Russian drive on the
Lovat-Leningrad Baltic flank of tn
badly split-up eastern front held
much greater possibilities of ma
jor disaster for German armies.
The mildest January weather in
many years in northwestern Rus
STA has not greatly hampered the
many-fronted Russian effort to
hurl the foe back beyond old Rus
sian frontiers.
Unreasonable thaws are noted in
dispatches from the Leningrad-Vo]
khov-Novgorod sector. The wealth.
err obviously may have delayed the
launching of the long-prepared RED
army winter assault in the north
in hopes of a hard and prolonged
freeze to bring Nazi military eff
fectivness to its lowest ebb.
Even in relatively mild weather
however, Russian concentra tions
for the attack have proved of over
towering strength against critica
strategic and communica alton keys
to the Nazi front in the islitia
phases of the Baltic offensive.
They have thrown the enemy ou
of such vitality important positions
as Novgorod and the congested re
gion west and southwest f Lenin
grad at the first forward leaps.
Reel Toward Estonia
| Defeat-ridden Nazi forces which
may escape Russian traps are
Keeling toward Estonia. There nj
cities or important towns to offe1
them defense bastions and winter
quarters on the routes they mus
follow to Narva or Pskov to effec
escape.
Battered German forces fallins
back across the sWampy lands be
tween that southern rail latera
and the Baltic coast line can rear
some benefit from mild weather.
until they reach the old Russian
Estonian frontier and the cas-
shores of Lake Heipus. It would
fail them at that point, however
since they cannot hope for an ice
crossing on such wide waters I'm
der the circumstances.
j The mild weather holds another
danger for the Germans. Moscow
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-01-23
WYLIE RESOLUTION
PASSED BY LEGION

The American Legion, Post M
10, has adopted a resolution a,
the death of w. A. Wylie on Do.
cember q It is as follows:
wilmington Post No. 10 Amer
lean Legion in meeting assembled
this the 9Th day of January 1919
takes cognizance of the passing .,
our Vice Commander, W A. wiz
on December 9th, 1913 and
whereas;
eve of the American Legor
having had the opportunity Of As.
sociating with Comrade WvTa
know that our organization has suf.
fered a distinct loss and We will
miss his kindly presence in our
meetings and his untiring efforts
in any undertaking that was for III
good of our order, therefore be il
resolved that;
wilmington Post No. 10, Amer,
can Legion, extends 10 the bereav.
ed family of our comrade our sin.
cere sympathy in their great loss
and offer to them the comfort Of
the fact that even as they miss
his presence they have the solace
| of knowing that his community is
better for him having lived and
that in the hearts Of his comrades
his memory will remain bright for,
ever, and be it further resolved:
"That a copy of this resolution
be sent to the family and to the
press and that copy be spread on
the minutes of this organization
The resolution adopted by the
Wilmington post was signed by J,
L. Davis, chaplain,
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-01-23

dispatches note that quick success,
of the Russian two-pronged attack
in the Leningrad perimeter ha,
freed the Russian Baltic fleet for
action. 1t had been holed-up for
two years but is now active in "a.
operation with ground forces !,
Leningrad Bay and alng the South
shore of the Gulf of Finland
The Observation-Disclosures ron
road and it's parallelling highwav
that are the only supply or escana
roads for the enemy north of Lake
Peipus run within naval gun rance
of the gulf shore line west of Nar
va. Red naval craft could reach
vantage points for such lombard
nent or even cover Russian AM
phibious efforts to cut in behind
the enemy at Narva unless thara
are more powerful German naval
units in the Gulf of Finland thar
has been lately indicated.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-01-23
Their Letters To Us

Letters, letters, letters! Sacks OF
them turnbled into airplanes,
thrown into the holds OF ships,
tossed into the waiting mail train,
rushed across the land, across the
oceans to lonesome, homesick
boys. We're all urged to write
them; we've been told HON much
they mean in keeping up morale"
c'You'n never know what your
first letter meant to me" wrote
husband to his bride.)
But what about the letters that
1,me winging back, those little
letters in the familiar V-mail en-
velopes with no clue as to where
they come from, those letters that
no one needed to urge the boys
to write back to us? Those letters,
= seems to me, all unheralded
and unknown, are bringing great
awakening to stay-at-home Amerl-
cans.
They're so cheerful through it
all, kidding and making jokes OF
their troubles
It was woman's voice at the
other end of the lineup in front
of the meat counter. She took a
worn letter from her handbag.
Listen to Don's description OF
the flies in Sicily - written last
August:
The practice low level bomb
ing and strafing by day, high al
titude dive bombing by night. They
land in the most out-of-the-Way
spots and sneak under the covers
at night to harass me. They've
lighted on my fingers now-that's
what makes my tipping so ezra
tic
The women reading the letter
looked up, a crooked sort of smile
on her face.
Il just read that when !
have to wait in line bit" she
said. sort of restores my bal
ance, makes me reallZe now pet
ty our troubles are
Her words brought to mind q
sentence in a letter I had recently
received from Italy:
Il hope you are mainta Nine
your sense of balance, and your
huunor. This is but a transitory
period from which we shall
emerge better people. l am learn
ing patience which l need"
Those lines were written in 6
tent in on a mountainside in Italy
with rain pouring from leadec
skies, seas of chocolate mud al
about, wounded men being taker
down the mountainside, shell!
screaming, bombs bursting. 1t i!
from letters like that American!
are learning what the really worth
while things in life are.
Boys thrown in with all sort.
and conditions of men are learn
ing to understand and appreciate
their good qualities. My cores
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-01-23
Legion Acts Wisely

The decision of the Wilmington Legion post
to purchase the Bridgers home at Third and
Dock for permanent headquarters, and ha
ven for returning veterans of this global war
is to be commended. The house is admirably
located and splendidly adapted to this use
Since it was not bought for Io@ary when
the opportunity existed, it is difti.:llt to i'm
agine better use for it than that contem
plated by the Legionaires.