davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1944-04-23
Raids
Continued From First Page. J

Continued From First Page)
among the largest in Europe, have
been bombed repeatedly by the RAF
whose night raiders recently have
directed most of their blows against
the arteries carrying supplies tc
German forces trimming the At
lantic.
Since the daylight American raid
on Hamn entailed a. round trip OF
less than TOO miles, the four -engined
planes probably were able to- un-
load at least $500 tons of bombs on
their targets.
Atlantic Wall Blasted.
This was the first time in weeks
that American heavyweights had
turned their attention from the an
nounced objective of shattering
Nazi air defenses to join in a bonn
bardment of the enemy's rail net
work. Raj night raiders and me-
dium bombers hitherto have carried
the brunt of such work.
American Marauders and Havoc
light bombers 250-strong and SIM
liar formation of British Bostons
and Mitchells, all attacking under
a total escort of perhaps 500 Spit
fires, shuttled back and forth across
the Channel in a steady blasting at
the Atlantic wall defenses.
Returning Yank crewmen said
they had met heavy antiaircraft fire
over the coast. Some planes limped
in on single engines with gaping
holes in their fuselages.
The Raj Friday night attack on
Cologne, still burning from a crush
ing 1,600-ton attack by four
engined Lancasters and Halifaxes
Thursday night, was carried out by
Mosquitoes between 4 am. and am
Many tWo-ton blockbusters were
dropped on the important rail city
which is one of the largest in Ger
many, and pilots said dense cloud
of smoke from the ruins hampered
German searchlight crews. One
huge explosion occurred during the
attack, they said.
The crews of these fleet wooden
bombers have ranged over Germany
II nights this month, bombing Ber-
lin three times and Hanover twice
Raided More Than 100 Times.
Hamm, blasted more than 1OC
times by the Raj in 1941 and several
times since, was last hit by the
Americans last March % during an
attack on multiple targets.
The fact that the entire force of
up to 1000 bombers concentrated
their huge bomb load on this one
target indicated a determined effort
to wipe it out for some time.
First crews back from Hamm en-
Enthusiastically described the bombing
results as exceptionally good and
said they saw many fires and ex-
plosions and left the entire freight
yards and much of the city iself in
smoke.
AS in most recent raids bomber
squadrons encountered little German
fighter opposition but crewmen said
flax was heavy all the way in, as is
usually the case of the Ruhr, and
very heavy over the target. Most
OF the first groups back reported
avoiding the hottest spots.
Evening star., 1944-04-23
7 roop Ships
Continued From First Page.)

air transport service, rescued 48 men
and took them to Suva after leaving
emergency life RATS near the scene.
The plan also landed at Suva.
Details of the heroism of a VOL
unteer crew who manned the plane,
Martin Mariner, commanded by
Capt. w. w. Moss, Palo Alto, Calf.
were made public last night by the
Navy Department.
The big Mariner had arrived at a
Pacific port with cargo when word
came OF the troopship's plight. 1t
was quickly emptied of cargo. its
gasoline tanks filled to capacity and
additional life RATS were taken
aboard.
Flying out of rain squall," the
Navy said, "the plane sighted groups
of survivors swimming and clinging
to pieces Of wreckage. The sea was
running swells 10 to Is feet high.
Capt. Moss gagged the swells care
fully and brought the plane to a
rough, but unchanged landing.
Tossed Out Rats.
I'm the rolling seas the Mariner
could not be maneuvered close to
the survivors. So, the crew tossed
out inflated life RATS, with lines
attached, and trailed these behind
as the craft TAXED and tossed on
the swells. Survivors managed to
struggle to the RATS and cling to
them until hauled alongside and
pulled in through the side matches 4"
A ra1n-squal was approaching,
the Navy account said, and the
crew, after taking aboard 48 sur
vivors, all it could safely lift. at
tempted to take Off Extra gas was
dumped and the men distributed
about to equalize their weight,
After bouncing from 80 to so feet
high off the mountainous waves.
the craft finally was airborne, and
carried the troopship's survivors to
safety.
Capt. Moss, a pilot for MANY
years, is former Navy flyer and
took part in the search for the late
Amelia Earhart when her around
the-world plane disappeared in the
Pacific.
OF the lost, VISA said, some were
killed by the explosion which de-
stroyed the ship.
When Capt. Strong gave the or
der to abandon ship, merchant
crewmen managed to iower all life
boats and RATS, the report said
Some of these were jammed and
swamped by soldiers struggling to
pull themselves out of the water.
Despite sharks, the report con-
tinued, many crewmen repeatedly
plunged into the water to rescue ex-
hausted soldiers.
Evening star., 1944-04-23
Worst Floods Face
Kansas, Missouri as
Wild Storm Continue!
BY the Associated Press.

Ss tue Associated Press.
KANSAS CITY, April pa ter.
rife understanding a tropical
storm-poured down over most o.
Kansas and Missouri today, bringing
many communities the threat Of
the worst floods In their history.
Many towns ordered evacuation
of lowland areas and flood warnings
were posted as far East as the Mis-
sissippi River
In some instances the Weather
Bureau quit trying to forecast the
crests of overflowing streams and
just told residents to get out of
the lowlands. The continuing tor
rents made any specific predictions
useless.
In most cases, though. the bureau
said the floods would subside quick
ly after rain stopped falling as low
water upstream would enable a
quick run off.
Days Rainfall Tops S Inches.
In Kansas City, the 24-hour rain
fall totaled $50 inches, and rain
still was falling without any sign
OF slackening. Much of the city
was flooded, and some areas were
inundated which never before had
been reported under water.
Some reports were received of
water swirling down steep hills
carrying parked automobiles away.
The municipal airport, built in the
Missouri River bottoms, was under
water.
The Missouri River was S feet
above flood stage and was due to go
higher. Lowlands were flooded
north nearly to ST. Joseph.
The Blue River. flowing through
an industrial district on the eastern
edge Of Kansas City, was far out of
its banks and the weather bureaus
only prediction was that the stream
would reach its highest crest in
history.
The situation was equally as Sc
rious in Kansas.
Serious Overflow Expected.
Wichita received SIG inches of
rain and there was no indication
of a halt. The most serious flood
In its history was predicted for the
Little Arkansas River which flows
through the heart of the war-busy
city. "A severe overflow is ex-
pected," was the conservative state
ment by the Weather Bureau after
earlier predicting the high crest.
Ell Dorado, go miles east, reported
there were two ways out of the
city tonight-boat and one road to
the south. The latter was expected
to be closed by morning unless the
rain stopped.
Several small twisters were re-
ported, but little resultant damage
was reported.
Only one death was reported from
the Storm-a man was killed by
lightning at Moberly, Mo.
Evening star., 1944-04-23
Lost Civil War Veteran
In Philadelphia Dies

BY the Associated Press
PHILADELPHIA, April 22.-Wil-
liam A. Jackaway, Philadelphia S
last Civil War veteran, died today
at 1903. -
Mr.. Jackaway fought in 81 major
engagements, including Manassas.
Fredericksburg, Antietam, the Will
derness, Spottsylvania, Chancellors-
vile and Gettysburg, without being
wounded.
His most priced possessions were
his framed service record and q
letter President Roosevelt sent him
on his Tooth birthday. A Repubi-
can all his life, he voted for Mr.
Roosevelt in 1910.
Evening star., 1944-04-23
First Invasion Troops
Don't Expect 10 Profit
by Current Air Raids
gy the Associated Press,

bs the ASSoClateO FTeSS.
LONDON. April 22-The bombs
now showering on Western Europe
are making the ultimate Allied con-
quest easier, but probably are not
Tightening the immediate task of
breaking into Hitlers fortress from
the sea.
Best information is that German
plans and equipment for meeting
the first phase of the invasion are
pretty we'll solidified now and it is
doubtful if the current bombing
can knock out much of the stuff
the Nazis are planning to throw at
our landing forces.
Nor can bombing now or later be
expected to blast holes In defenses
through which the invaders can
sweep unopposed. Casino and Ia
rawa have given ample warning on
that. The Germans western fortif-
cations undoubtedly include many
deep, massive, concrete works no
bomb could be expected to pene-
trate.
Nazis Had Plenty of Time.
The long period of preparation for
the Allied western operation obvi-
ously has. given the enemy plenty
of time to assemble all the material
and men he will need in the first
phase and to dig them in against
the expected Allied bombing and
shelling.
Those who talk of frightful Allied
casualties in the invasion assault
can be only guessing, since casual
ties must be decided by imponder-
ables which will crystalline only on
the day of battle. But those who
talk about the invasion being a
pushover through air attacks or any
other circumstance are equally of
base.
However, the Anzio beachhead op-
Grafton in Italy has been glaring
proof that the initial assault is no
more important than the follow-up
campaign combating the enemy
counterattack. That is where the
current bombardment is laying i'm
portant groundwork and pressing
the big Allied advantage.
Reserves Hold the Key.
No matter how smart the Ger
mans are or how much they pre-
pare, they cannot mass on the bat
tlef1eld enough men and supplies
to fight the whole campaign. After
their initial repelling effort, the
Germans campaign will be criti-
cally dependent on steady flow of
supplies and men from the rear.
This enemy essential is sys-
tematically under Allied attack in
two important campaigns.
One campaign has been a deep
strategic bombing of factories pro-
ducing German war materials.
While this could not be expected
to deprive the Germans of the bare
minimum necessary to oppose 8
landing assault, if the campaign
has been of any use it should bear
fruit in important shortages in the
Germans vital supplies in the
months after the landings.
The other important campaign
is the new bombing assault on an
unprecedented scale on Northwest
ern Europe's railroad arteries on
which-regardless of the amount
of supplies available in the rear.
the Germans will be critically de-
pendent for opposing any protracted
attack.
Evening star., 1944-04-23
Smirnow to Speak

The disabled veterans position
will be discussed tonight by Virgil
Smirnow, employment specialist in
Services to Handicapped, United
States Employment Service for the
District of Columbia, in one of
the regular. scheduled lectures of
a series being presented at the jew
ish Community Center Town Hall,
1929 Sixteenth street NV. Ad-
mission to the lecture is free.
Evening star., 1944-04-23
Sons of Union Veterans
Honor Grunt Thursday

Sons of Union Veterans of the
Civil War will observe the 122d
birthday anniversary of Gen. U. S.
Grant at pm. Thursday in exer-
cises at the Capitol.
Principal address of the occasion
will be delivered by Representative
Bennett, Republican, of Missouri,
who is member of the Sons of the
Veterans of the Civil War An Army
band will give brief concert before
exercises begin.
Maj. Gen. U. S. Grant, Sd, and
his sister are expected to attend.
Evening star., 1944-04-23

School in 1888, 1t. Eshleman was
assistant controller of the Lincoln
National Bank when he enlisted in
the Canadian Royal Air Force in
December, 1941. He served in Can
ada until June, 1943, when he was
sent first to England and then to
Iceland with the coastal command.
He was transferred to the 9th Air
Force last January.
Corpl. Blake, %, was reported to
have been aboard an Allied troop
ship sunk by the enemy. He went
overseas in October, 1943.
Was Gas Firm Aide.
Formerly assistant to the secre-
tary of the Washington Gas Light
Co., Corpl. Blake was indicted ir
December, 1912. He is a graduate
of st. Gabriel's Parochial School
st. Paul's High School and Colum.
Evening star., 1944-04-23
Tommies to Get Cold Food

LONDON, Sunday, April % (P).-
TO save fuel, Fridays will be cold
food" days for the British Army. A
new order prohibits operation of
gas, electric or coal stoves in army
cookhouses after 8 am. each Fri
day, although wood may be used If
available.
Evening star., 1944-04-23

LII paw ~ -,
W ere notified
March 26 that
their son, 20, CO.
pilot of a Lib
orator, was miss
ing. The Inter
national r e d
Cross and the
w a r Depart
ment informed
them last Tues
day that he has
been reported a
prisoner of war
in Germany.
A graduate of
McKinlev High
Evening star., 1944-04-23

All Mcudl WIFI
an Oak Leaf
Cluster, and has
C o m pleted 18
missions over
enemy = occupied
Europe, his FAM
lily said. Last
heard from in a
! e t t er dated
March IS, he
W a S reported
missing March
"a over Ger
many.
A native of
Howard County,
Evening star., 1944-04-23
Armed Services Induct
81 District SeIectees

The armed forces inducted 81 Dis
trict men yesterday. Included in
the group were IS men for the Army
and 16 for the Navy. The list
follows.
Evening star., 1944-04-23
wholesale destruction of property

wholesale destruction of property
and treatment of women.
The archbishop declared that the
United States and Great Britain
are held together "by something
much deeper than language ties
the possession of common ideals"
which he defined as "a common love
OF freedom, common belief in rep
resentative institutions, and a COM
mon compassion for those who are
oppressed and tyrannized."
Evening star., 1944-04-23

Insure your future security by buy
Ing War Bonds and hanging on to
them.
Evening star., 1944-04-23

$4,000 Washington men and women
are fighting for freedom. $4,000
reasons for buying bonds!
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1944-12-05

sons at the beginning of the war
were reproach to Americas eco
nomic security, the audience was
told. In answer to statement by the
the nations chief eecutive about the
''unemployable" persons, DR.. Mitch
ell pointed to the fact of work for
everyone when an economic crisis
arose.
He declared that there is no such
thing as an "unemployable' person,
and concluded his talk by stating
unless we radically change our de-
sign for American life, we shall
have unemployment to return.
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1944-12-05
Surgeon General Warns
AGAINST Excessive Heatina

WASHINGTON, Dec. 4.-Point-
ing out that because of fuel short
ages many householders may be
obliged to reduce the heat level in
their homes in mid-winter unless
they conserve fuel now, DR.. Thomas
Parran, Surgeon General of the
Public Health Service, Federal Sc
curity Agency, said today that
starting with the usual luxury level
of heat now is practice that should
be avoided"
"Since the human body adjusts
without injury to extreme cold, pro-
vided the transition is gradual and
clothing adequate" the Surgeon
General said, ''it is the part of wis
dom to start with low temperature
and maintain it steadily.
people forget that the comfort
level of room temperature can be
reduced substantially before the
danger level is reached.
"The so-called comfort level is
about 68 to 70 degrees Fahrenheit.
The average indoor temperature Of
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1944-12-05
NEGRO MANAGED
HARLEM HOUSES SHOW
MARKED IMPROVEMENTS

NEW YORK, Dec. 4. (ANP)-
Since Negroes have taken over the
management of some of the Har-
lem housing facilities great i'm
provement has been realized, said
Goode R. Haney, secretary of the
Urban Housing Management asso-
citation.
Negro managers now take an
active interest in the welfare of
their tenants and act promptly on
their complaints" he said.
Explaining that the association,
formed of Negro housing authori-
ties and sponsored by the local Ur-
ban league, manages 81 buildings,
Harvey declared, 1--WE won't take
more than 80 buildings because we
don't want to hog the management
in the area or become a big COM
petitive company"
The association was formed a
year ago, to provide home man.
agement for Harlem houses. Man
agement Of the buildings which the
group takes over is approved by
the owners and the city's housing
authority.
"We want to work on the theory
that management by the people
who live in the houses was far bet
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1944-12-05

private dwellings and office build
ings frequently runs Is degrees and
above in cold weather. These tenn
peratures are needlessly high and
one can learn to be perfectly COM
Portable in temperatures between
60 and 65 if one is we'll, properly
clothed, properly fed and reason
ably active.
''In the past, we have heated the
whole house to suit the members of
the family wanting the highest
temperature level. The better plan
is to maintain a consistently lower
temperature and to provide warmer
clothing for those needing protec-
ton, or separate warmer rooms for
infants and invalids needing extra
heat"
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1944-12-05

ter than management by absentee
owners who admittedly took little
interest in their tenants" the
housing secretary stated.
Some owners were skeptical at
first, but the improved appearance
of their buildings, plus increased
rental returns, soon convinced
them.
Where building managers were
formerly only rent collectors and
buffers between tenants and own
ers, Negro managers now take an
active interest in the welfare of
their tenants and act promptly on
their complaints"
Buildings which the association
have taken over, usually consist of
10-family houses which were only
half rented before, Harvey ex-
planned. Now, these same houses
are almost 100 per cent occupied,
and the sum total of family occu-
pants is 451.
The associations project now Of
fers competition to the manage
ment of other Harlem buildings.
Other managers now realize that
they must clean and repair their
buildings before respectable Har-
lemites will consider rental without
criticism.
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1944-12-05
Rights Of All Must Be
Retoqnized al Peace Table

ATLANTA, Dec. A (ANP) =
The only hope for lasting peace is
a world in which the rights of all
peoples, great and small are given
fair consideration, Breadus Mitch
ell, noted economist and author, de-
clared, as principal speaker at the
Atlanta university forum.
The forum is sponsored by the
university's department of sociol-
ogy of which DR.. Ira De A. Reid is
chairman.
Predicting the future, he stated
that if we can trust history we shall
have sustained prosperity until we
defeat Japan, then a year and
half of continued activity, then
short depression, which he said will
be alarming, but brief.
DR.. Mitchell is of the opinion that
war is not the instrument for OBJ
tanning the best good. He believes
that government should intervene
more in public affairs and should
take constructive part in impor-
tant plans for guaranteeing perma-
nent security.
The ten million unemployed per-
The Waterbury Democrat., 1944-07-21

Materials to seal homes against heat loss this winter in the face of the alarming shortage of coal. oil, and wood are available now to New England homeowners, ". H. Wheel eT, Jr., regional director Of the War Production Board, announced to- day, as he launched the WIPES ''winterizing' campaign.
 Exhorting householders in this re. zion to conserve the diminishing fuel supply which is being drained for huge wartime civilian and mili- taEy neds. Mir. Wheeler urged that plans for "winterizing" homes from attic to cellar be put into effect before Fall.
 "Heat-sealing homes now is vir. tually a must if we desire to safe- guard the health of our families and at the same time cooperate in the nations effort to use less fuel and gain the objective of keeping more homes warm during the com~ ing winter" MT. Wheeler said.
 Tn winterizing the home. the WIPE lists 70 must" items to be checked. starting with the roof, Cracked, weather-beaten and tinle- worn roofs permit cold air to in filtTate into the house, adding Co the heating problem. Necessary re- pair work done now will prevent costly leaks next winter.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1944-07-21
"Winterizing" Campaign Opens In New England
WPB Officials Assure Residents of Aid in FOrtifying
 Homes Against Cold; Needed Materials Available

Materials for the other "winteriz- ing work on the WIPE check list include weather-stripping for win- dows and for caulking creyices around theml storm windows and sash; and materials for insulating the attic floor and sidewalks of the house. Also on the check list. Is the entire heating system. It should be given a thorough cleaning.
 Most of the materials needed are non-critical. WIPE pointed out, Roofing to repair cracked. warped and weather-beaten roofs. which permit cold air to infiltrate into the house as well as water to seep through. Is available. Similarly, weather-stripping for doors and windows is not scarce. While the supply of zinc and copper Is limited, there is plenty of felt and the wood to keep the stripping rigid.
 Caulking compounds also are available to plug cracks and creyices around windows and doors. Such cracks in the average house, the WIPE estimates, are equal in area to a pane of glass.
 Only shortage to threaten the campaign is time. To wait too long. to "winteTize." WPB points out, likely mean that this essential work cannot be completed before winter as there will he sufficient manpower to do all the work in a few weeks.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1944-07-21

vealed by the report. the greater share of the receipts received by the union were transferred to the parent union.
 Criticizing this procedure. Mir. Blansfield stated that he felt that the greater share should remain in the area from winch it is col. lected to best benefit those who have actually contributed"
 Relative to the statement made by Mfr. walkinshaw in behalf Of the c. I. o political action com mittee. John ]. Driscoll. executive secretary of the CIo local 25l today said:
 T agree with the sentiment of the rank and file. throughout. and sup- port the candidacy 0i Peter s. Hig. gins as undoubtedly the strongest candidate for nomination"
 With the Democratic congressional convention scheduled for either Wa terbury or Torrington on August l2. as reported here yesterday the field of candidates has developed into sharp lines. In addition to the announced candidacies of Mir Blansfield and Mir. Higgins. Harry Byrnes of Watertown. prominent in seleciive service activities. who an- nounced his candidacy some time ago. is conducting a strong personal campaign for support of Fifth Dis- trict leaders.