davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1944-04-27
House Report Labels
Races Of Mankind as
Inaccurate Work
Declares War Is No Time
To Circulate Pamphlets
On Controversial Issues
BY the Associated Press.

--"~~N>~NN~
The Races of Mankind," a
publication of which $4,000 cop
les were purchased by the Army
for distribution among students
of its orientation course, was as
sailed by a House Military At
fairs Subcommittee today as
containing statements ranging
"all the way from half truths
through innuendos to downright
inaccuracies"
Army distribution of the publica
ton for study courses was halted
the committee said, after complaints
were made that the pamphlet sought
to make an intellectual comparison
between Northern Negroes anc
Southern white men.
The subcommittee, headed by
Representative Durham, Democrat
of North Carolina, said it was "con-
vinced that wartime is no time tc
engage in the publication and dis.
tribution of pamphlets presenting
controversial issues or promoting
propaganda for or against any sub
division of the American people"
The book was written by Prof
Ruth Benedict and DR.. Gene Welt.
fish of the Columbia University de.
partment of anthropology. It's pro.
moter was identified as the Public
Affairs Committee. Inc, New York
publications of the Public Affairs
Committee, Inc, the report contin.
ued, ARE recommended by the Affili.
ated Schools for Workers (Com.
munist and sold by Communis
book stores"
The committee said the book
baSlc theme was that the races O
mankind "are all brothers. but evel
brothers in the same family are no
necessarily equal mentally, physi
cally, socially, politically, or mo
rally"
The most controversial Statemen
in the book, the committee said
purported to be the result of an in
telligence test given soldiers of tn,
last war, with Southern white
from States having small educa
tional appropriations" being com
pared with Northern Negroes from
States with much greater budgets
to the detriment Of the former"
Evening star., 1944-04-27
Ancient China Capital
Threatened by Japs
Overrunning honan
Offensive Is Expanding
In Heart of Wheut Area,
Food Source Of Millions
By the Associated Press.

CHUNGKING, April 27.-The
japanese offensive in Northern
Honan is still expanding after
overrunning about 1900 square
miles in nine days in the heart
of the country where millions of
famine threatened Chinese had
expected to reap a record wheat
crop, Chinese dispatches said
today.
The ancient town of Loyang, six
times the capital of China, was
threatened as the Japanese smashed
westward along the Lunghai rail-
way from the area of Chenghsien,
the junction with the Peiping-
Hankow railway.
japanese efforts to storm Hulao
Pass. IS miles west of Chenghsien
and halfway to Loyang, had failed,
but they captured points southwest
of the passage in a f1anking move.
Ten thousand more Japanese were
reported moving westward from
Kaifeng toward Chenghsien. and
column advanced Is miles along the
Peiping -Hankow railway and at
tackled a point 40 miles south of
Chenghsien.
A sizable force at Tengfeng, 30
miles southwest of Chenghsien, was
said to have been checked effec-
lively, however.
Chenghsien was believed to have
fallen, although there still was no
definite word.
Evening star., 1944-04-27
New York Hotel
Lobby Flooded
By Broken Pipe
BY the Associate, press


NEW YORK, April 27.-A broken
water standpipe released 3 inches
of water in the lobby and mezzanine
floors Of the Hotel Pennsylvania
today, drenching guests, delaying
meetings and sending miniature
Niagaras into entrances of sub
way station and the Long Island
Railroad.
Hotel employees soon found the
break was caused by pressure put
on to extinguish a small fire on the
18th floor.
Salvage operations in the hotel
hindered somewhat by lobby
crowds, started Immediately. En-
ployes waded through the water to
roll up dripping carpets and move
furniture.
The fire was under control when
the flood came but it was 20 minutes
before the water could be cut off
Evening star., 1944-04-27
Secretary Knox Kept
At His Home by Illness

Secretary of the Navy Knox is
confined to his home here with an
illness with which he was stricken
while in Manchester, N. H., last
week, the Navy announced today
The Secretary, who was 70 years old
on January /, was stricken while
the funeral of j. A,
Muehling, his partner for 40 years.
The Navy announcement said Mr.
Knox suffered ''gastro intestinal
upset, complicated with dizziness u
When the Secretary returned to
Washington he was advised by his
physician to cancel his appointments
for the time being and to rest at his
home.
Mr.. Knox suffered a severe attack
OF Influenza several weeks ago, and
the Navy's announcement said: 1T
is hoped he will take enough time
from his official duties to secure a
much needed rest
Evening star., 1944-04-27
Japs' Defenses
On New Guinea
Front Collapse
Two AirfieIds at
HoIIundiu and One
At Modong Seized
By the Associated Press.

~ tAiC hooOSldlSo IlcSS.
ADVANCED ALLIED HEAD
QUARTERS, New Guinea, April
27.-Utter collapse of Japanese
defenses at both ends of a 43O-
mile New Guinea war front, re-
sulting in seizure on the west
of two airfields at Hollandia and
a third on the east at captured
Madang, was reported today by
Gen. Douglas Macarthur.
In four days, four airfields and
three coastal bases were wrested
from the Japanese. One airfield
already is in use and engineers are
rushing repairs on the other three.
A fifth airfield, the big Hollandia
airdrome, was expected to fall
momentarily to pincer forces, end
ing the assault phase of big mil
itary operation undertaken last
Saturday. On the west, force has
moved IL miles to the edge of the
airdrome. On the east, another
force is nearing juncture.
Aussies Take Madang.
At Madang, bypassed in the
amphibious thrust into Dutch New
Guinea, Australians, who for months
had moved slowly eastward from
the Ramu Valley, overcame enemy
rearguards to invest the supply base
and its airfield on Astrolabe Bay
Large quantities of supplies and
equipment fell to the captors.
The entire invasion front of Isl
miles between Hollandia and Aitape
was crumbling. Hollandia village
was taken on the second day. To.
day headquarters announced the oc.
cupation Tuesday of Aitape, 5 mile.
from Tadji airdrome which the
Americans seized on the first day
OF the invasion and now is used BY
the 5th Air Force.
Nowhere from Madang to Hollan.
Ola, between which some 10000
japanese are believed to be caught
was there a report of stiff enemy
opposition. The thousands of 6tf
Army troops now about to join theil
pincers along 34-mile road link.
ing the original beachheads at Tan
ahmerah and Humboldt Bays in the
Hollandia sector were slowed mainly
by muddy jungle trails and swamps
Supplies Dropped From Planes.
Despite the rugged terrain, the in
vaders moved so fast that airplanes
had to drop supplies as the troop.
pushed beyond vehicular roads.
Monday night, the seldom seer
japanese air force sent in IL tor.
pedo planes to attack a destroyer
OF Hollandia, but they were driver
OF without damaging the warship
This kept intact the record of ne
losses among the naval armada
many OF them units of the Centra
Pacific Fleet which supported the
invasion.
Fifth Air Force bombers continued
to thwart enemy efforts to get SCI
at bases to the northwest of Hol.
landia for counterblows. At Kamir
Airdrome on Geelvink Bay, 400 mile.
beyond Hollandia, Liberators de.
stroyed 20 parked japanese plane.
and shot down three interceptors ir
a Commute battle.
Evening star., 1944-04-27
Wright Pilots Constellation
After Is Years Inactivity

Ey the Associated Press.
DAYTON, Ohio, April 27.-Orville
Wright, first man to fly heavier
than-air machine, piloted the
worlds newest and biggest trans
port plane over Wright Field here
for a few minutes yesterday.
His turn at the controls of the
Lockheed Constellation" was his
first spell of plotting in Is years,
his 50-minute fight was his first
trip aloft since June, 1899, and it
all, he said, was wonderful"
The 73-year-old veteran of avia-
tion took a demonstration hop in
the mammoth transport with news
men and Wright Field Army off,
cials after the big ship flew in from
Washington-via New York and
Paterson, N. jim two hours and
four minutes. When he descended
he said Il enjoyed every minute
of it."
Il guess I ran the whole plane
for minute" he said, "but I let
the machine take care of itself
always said airplanes would fly
themselves if you left them alone"
Evening star., 1944-04-27
Soldiers Use Force in Eiectinq
Montgomery Ward Chairman
For Defiance of u. S. Seizure
Avery Carried From
Own Office on Advice
Of Attorney General

By tie Associated Press.
CHICAGO, April 27.-Two SOL
diers of the Army detail which
seized the Montgomery Ward g.
Co. Chicago plant forcibly eject
ed Sewell L. Avery, SO, company
chairman, from his own offices
today when he refused to yield
even to President RooSevelt's
authority.
The troopers carried Mr.. Avery
bodily out of the administration
building.
Attorney General Biddle said
election of Mr.. Avery, uncompro-
missing foe of the Government pro-
cedlre invoked after a labor dis
pute, was ordered after Mr.. Avery
refused to co-operated with Gov
ernment officials who have taken
charge.
Mr.. Biddle outlined to reporters
the dramatic occurrences preceding
Mr.. Avery's election. He said the
Government was in possession, in
tended to remain in possession and
was anxious that the business he
conducted without interruption and
with the company staff continuing
in operation.
Refused All Cooperation.
''When Mr.. Avery reported at his
Office at e:55 am. we asked him if
he would cooperate and he refused
70 DO So," Mr.. Biddle said. "Mr.
Avery was asked to turn over COM
pany books to Government book
keepers so they could set up new
books. He refused.
Mr.. Avery told us he was the boss
and would continue to do things his
Evening star., 1944-04-27
BULLETINS
Jockey Kinks Lea Broken

PIMLICO, Md. (SpeciaD.-
Carson Kirk, Silver Spring
jockey, suffered a broken leg
when his mount bolted in the
second race today. Kirk, lead
ing rider of the meeting, was
astride Man O. Foot. The
horse broke toward the inside
rail and Kinks leg was caught
by the fence. The jockey was
thrown to the track. He was
taken to a Baltimore hospital.
Army Rejects Rudy York
DETROIT (R.-Rudy York,
Detroit Tigers first baseman,
was rejected by Army physi-
clans at his preinduction
physical examination today.
Maj. S. A. Moore, head of the
induction center here, said
York was rejected because of
loose cartilage in his knee, re-
suit Of . basket ball injury.
Evening star., 1944-04-27
Defendant s Illness May Cause
New Trial of Sedition Case
james True's Condition Reported Serious;
Proceedings Halt With Jury Selection Near

The absence and reported crit
ical illness of James True, a
defendant in the mass sedition
case on trial in District Court,
threatened today to nullify two
weeks of preliminaries and the
Government was confronted
with the apparent alternative of
moving to sever his case from
that of his 20 alleged Cocoon
spirators or having the trial
start all over at a later date.
Chief Prosecutor o. John Rogge
refrained from discussing the pos
sible course of the case pending a
report on True's condition this
afternoon.
Chief Justice Edward C.. Eicner
Evening star., 1944-04-27
Two Freighters Sunk
In Lake Erie Crashes:
10 Believed Killed
Fog BIomed for Both
Collisions; Aid Rushed
To 26 Survivors
BY the Associated Press.

CLEVELAND, April 27.-Two
ship collisions occurred in a
heavy fog which swept over Lake
Erie at dawn today, resulting
in the loss of 10 seamen and
two lake freight carriers.
The James H. Reed, operated by
Pickands Mather Lines for the
Interlake Steamship Co. OF Cleve-
land, san. about 40 miles north of
Erie, Pa, after colliding with the
steamer Ashcroft, operated by Ca
madam Steamship Lines, Ltd, OF
Montreal.
Ten crewmen from the Reed were
believed lost and 26 survivors were
taken aboard the Ashcroft, which
headed for Erie.
Second Collision i'm Fog.
The Columbia Transit Co.'S
steamer Frank Vigor was reported
sunk in Pelee Passage of Western
Lake Erie at about the same time
after colliding with the steamer
Phillip Minch, owned by the Kins-
man Transit Co.
All members of the Vigor's crew
were transferred to the Minch and
there were no injured, the Coast
Guard reported.
The Reed, a 448-foot freighter
built in 1908, was en- route from
Escanaba, Mich, to Buffalo, N. Y,
with load of iron ore, and the
Ashcroft was en- route from Buffalo
to Toledo to take on a load of coal.
The Vigor was a 6,000-ton, 412-
foot steel ship, travelling from Chi
cago to Buffalo with a load of
sulphur.
Doctors Flown to Erie.
Coast Guard officials said medical
officers from Cleveland were being
flown to Erie. At least three of the
survivors were reported seriously in
jured.
Capt. Bert Brightstone, master,
and r. o. Fletcher, chief engineer
of the Reed, were said to be among
the survivors.
Canada Steamship Lines officials
said in Montreal, I'VE do not know
how many men were aboard the lake
vessel" and added they had received
only scanty reports because adverse
atmospheric conditions hampered
ship -to-shore radio transmission.
Attempts to contact the Ashcroft
from Cleveland also were ineffective.
Evening star., 1944-04-27
$780, 900 Fire Hits
Carnegie Steel Offices
BY the Associated Press.

bg IIt ASSOC aCtU Press.
PITTSBURGH, April 27.-Fire
ripped through the block-long
building housing the Carnegie
Illinois Steel Corp. offices in Mum
hall yesterday, causing damage esti-
mated by firemen at 100000 and
forcing scores of employees to flee
to the streets.
Company records were carried to
safety by employees just before the
second floor roof collapsed.
Evening star., 1944-04-27
Nazi Efforts 10 Hold
SevasiopoI in Last
Stages, Reds Say
Russian Artillery Firing
PointbIonk Into Streets
Of Crimeun Port
BY the Associated Press.

MOSCOW, April 27.-Field dis
patches from the Crimean front
declared today that Soviet artil-
lery, commanding every street
in Sevastopol, is firing point
blank into the city and asserted
that German attempts to hold
out had definitely entered their
last stage.
"The enemy still holds dead streets
and squares" said the army news
paper Red Star, "but Soviet guns
have reached the Germans and
Romanians in their last shelters"
Nazis Still Hold Airdromes.
1t appeared that the Soviet high
command had decided to wipe out
the enemy at any cost, even though
it might mean the complete destruc-
tlon of what still remains of battered
ISevastopol.
The Red Star. correspondent said
the Germans still held airdromes in
the suburbs of the once great naval
base, but that they had been rendered
unusuable. He declared Soviet dive
bombers were cooperating with
artillery in blasting the city.
The dispatch added that Russian
troops had captured an important
hill near the city on which the Ger
mans had located eight artillery
and four mortar batteries.
More Nazi Ships Sunk.
A Soviet communIque recorded in
London said five Nazi transports
presumably carrying Axis troops
from Sevastopol had been sunk.
In land fighting, the war bulletin
said, 1000 Germans were killed in
two sharp but localized actions along
the front, but the Russians made
no mention of German and Ro-
manlan reports of a renewed Red
Army drive in the lower Dnestr
River area.
The five transports blasted in the
Black Sea totaled 10000 tons, the
communique said. Two other trans
ports were damaged and a landing
barge and two patrol boats were
sunk.
Two thousand miles to the north
the Red Air Force spotted a con-
Voy of Nazi transports in the Ba-
rents Sea, the bulletin said, and
sank four transports totaling 10000
tons, two patrol boats, a patrol
launch and damaged two trans
ports and mine layer. Ten de-
Tending German planes were downed
and six Soviet aircraft were lost, it
added.
Clashes in Old Poland.
Southeast of Stanislawow in old
Poland Soviet tankmen wiped out
company of Germans and seized
"a hight of great Importance" the
1commHnique said, while more than
800 Germans were killed in a second
clash in an unidentified sector of
the second Ukraine front Another
300 Germans were wounded and
the enemy lost 20 tanks and self
propelled guns in a futile attack
there, Moscow added.
The Nazis lost So tanks and 10
planes over the whole front on
Tuesday, the Russians declared.
A Romanian communique, broad
cast from Bucharest and recorded
by United States Government mon
itors, declared the Russians had
launched new attacks north of Iasi,
capital of the Romanian province
of the same name, and said heavy
fighting was in progress.
Evening star., 1944-04-27
French Coast Blast Rocks
British Towns Miles AWAY
BY the Associated Press.

Ey the Associated Press.
LONDON, April 27-A terrifice
explosion on the French coast
from the same direction as others
heard in recent days-rocked Deal
and other British towns along
Dover Strait today, suggesting the
Germans were doing an 11th-hour,
rush-order blasting job for their
West Wall defenses.
The ground shuddered, houses
rocked, doors were sprung and locks
flew open.
The explosion might have been
part of the Allied night aerial at
tack, but coastal residents said that,
If so, it must have been a super
colossal blockbuster.
The explosion was preceded by a
half hour of gunfire out in the strait,
possibly indicating another naval
SkirmiSh.
Evening star., 1944-04-27
Two Killed, One Injured
In Train DeraiIment
By the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press
MEMPHIS, April 27.-Two train
men were killed and at least one
passenger seriously injured this
morning when the Louisville &
Nashville'S Pan American passenger
train was derailed near Keeling,
Tenn, 35 miles from Memphis.
AmbulanceS were rushed from
Memphis to the accident scene,
where three cars were overturned
and two others were tossed across
the track.
The trainmen killed were c. j.
Lewis, engineer, and j. P. Throg-
morton, fireman, both of Memphis.
Conductor M. r. Ham, also OF
Memphis, received an injured
shoulder.
Evening star., 1944-04-27
Major Battle Looms
In Burma as Allies
Reinforce kohima
StiIweII's Chinese Make
Spectacular Advance
In Mogoung voIIey
BY the Associated Prsss.

BY the Associated PrsSS. -
SOUTHEAST ASIA HEAD
QUARTERS, Handy, Ceylon,
April 27.-A major battle ap-
peared imminent today as Al
lied reinforcements streamed
into Kohima, the gateway hill
town guarding the valley en-
trance into the plains of Assam.
The garrison of Kohima could be
seen below by japanese scattered in
The nearby hills, and the reinforce
ments rolled forward from Manipur
under the eyes of the enemy
perched in hilltop Notifications.
One of the enemy's strongest
points was Kohima village, about a
mile west of the main town. Into
this the British poured artillery fire.
Kohima Is 60 miles north of
mphal. It promises to be an in
credible battlefield, with the men
fighting both on the dense jungle
valley floor and 5000 feet above sea
level, with the snowcapped Him
alayas in the distance. 1t is con-
r1ected with the Bengal Assam rail-
way by q macadam road running to
Dimapur.
The Kohima garrison recently re-
ceiyed tanks to help expand its
perimeter, and these battered at
japanese bunkers with their heavy
guns and shot snipers from Chin
neys of houses.
In North Burma, 1t. Gen. Joseph
w. Stilwell's Chinese scored a spec
tacular success in the advance down
the Mogaung valley with the cap
ture OF the village of Manpin, 10
miles north of Kamaing, Southeast
Asia headquarters announced.
The sudden success seemed to
indicate Gen. StilwelTs men had
broken the back of Japanese re-
sistance.
Although not on the main high
way traversing the Mogaung valley,
Manpin is connected by good trails
with Kamaing, which is about "a
miles northwest of the important
Burma railway town of Mogaung.
thus giving the Allies springboard
for a push toward that objective.
Gen. StilWell's forces on the east
side OF the Mogaung valley appar-
emily had gained miles in the
last "a hours.
"a delayed dispatch from Asso-
ciated Press War Correspondent
Evening star., 1944-04-27
3,343 Army Casualties
In Past Week Reported

Army forces suffered 3,343 casu-
alties in the past week, bringing the
total through April IS to 148.425,
Secretary of War StimsonE an
nounced today.
Mr.. Stimson said the total in
cludes 25,582 killed, 60,l66 wounded,
32,727 missing and 29,950 prisoners
of war. Of the wounded, 33,077 have
returned to duty, and reports indi-
cate 1879 American prisoners have
died in enemy camps, chiefly in
JaDaneSe territory
Evening star., 1944-04-27
Stettinius Talks to More
United Nations Leaders
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
LONDON, April 27.-Undersecre-
tary of State Stettinius, winding up
his consultation in Britain, con-
ferred today with King Haakon and
Crown Prince Olov of Norway; Ed
uard Van Kleffens, the Netherlands
Foreign Minister; Camille Quit,
Belgian Finance Minister; Lord
Beaverbrook, lord privy seal; Sir
John Anderson, chancellor of the
eXchequer, and Stanislaw Mikola-
jczyk, Polish Premier.
Evening star., 1944-04-27
Todoy's Ball Game OFF

Rain this morning caused the
management of the Washington
baseball club to postpone the game
scheduled for this afternoon between
the Mats and Boston's Red Sox. IL
probably will be played as part of
twilight-night double header on
June is, when the Red Sox next
visit Washington.
Evening star., 1944-04-27
Nuzi- Break Seen

Franz Won Papen, German Am
bassador to Turkey, is returning to
Berlin this week end, and German
propaganda broadcast said today he
would not take back to Ankara the
German views on Turkeys suspen-
sion OF chrome shipments to the
Axis. This raised the possibility
Germany was considering break
of relations with Turkey.
Evening star., 1944-04-27

adjourned the trial until noon and
then prolonged the recess until
1880 pm.
Justice Eicher announced from
the bench that DR.. Richard M.
Rosenberg, deputy coroner, would
go to True's home, 1903 North Quinn
street, Arlington, Va, to examine
the defendant for the court. Later
it was learned that DR.. Rosenberg
had been unable to go and DR..
Christopher Murphy, chief deputy
coroner, had gone instead. DR..
Murphy was to consult with asphysi-
clan summoned by True's wife, DR..
Stacy T. Noland, who had planned
to see the patient during the mofp-
ing.
True's attorney, j. Austin Latimer,
fSee CEOTTTON Dooo a %
Evening star., 1944-04-27
Surnoff Gets Allied Post

LONDON, April 27 (Pl.-Col. David
Sarnoff, in private life president Of
the Radio Corp. of America, has
been appointed special consultant
to the communications branch of
the public relations Office. supreme
headquarters of the Allied EXpedt-
tionary Force announced today.