davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1944-09-13

prcwler.~ spread ,sshyg ass community
whispering campaign, blossonisd
into naass hysteria. :"
The omcers said Investigation Of
reported attacks disclosed no evi-
dence to support stories told police
by the victims-none had seen the
prowler spray gas through windows.
Capt. CURTIS said . prowler may
have been seen In some Of the cases,
but merely by coincidence. The
idea Of the prowler undoubtedly
just grew with rumors."
Police ofncials said that large
quantities of carbon tetrachloride
are used in work at 8 war plant
company, and that 1T has an odor
that can be carried toAll parts OF
Evening star., 1944-09-13
Cos ProwIer Called edImoeinoy;
Fumes From War Plant Blamed

more than score Of persons that
they had been attacked by the
marauder who supposedly sprayed
an unidentified, sickening gas
through open bedroom windows.
The whole thing Is q mistake, /"
said Police Chief G. E. Cole and
State Police Capt. Harry Curtis, who
was sent to aid local police in cap
turing the "gas maniac" Capt.
Curtis termed 1t perfect example
OF the working Of mass psychology in
which rumors OF a gas-Spraying
Evening star., 1944-09-13
Former Mr.. America Held
On Old Assault CHARGE
By the Associated Press,

By the Associated Press.
SAN PEDRO. Calf. Sept. 49,
William Hillgardner. %. physical
culture instructor who thrice won
the title of Mr.. America" was
arrested yesterday on suspicion Of
criminal assault on a New York
girl in 1898.
Two detectives took Hillgardner
into custody as he arrived by boat
from India, where he said he had
spent the last five years teaching
physical culture and swimming to
the children of Indian potentates.
Accompanying him was his wife
and 2-year-old son, William Jehan-
ger.
Detective r. E. Bernard said the
girl in the case claimed to have
borne Hillgardner a child.
Hillgardner denied the charge. He
said he returned to the United States
to apply for Navy enlistment.
Evening star., 1944-09-13
y the Associated Press.

MATTOON, Ill, Sept. 13.-Mat-
toon's mysterious gas-spraying night
prowler. State and city police have
theorized, Is non-existent, and the
excitement from reports of his alz
legged attacks during the last two
weeks, they said, was ~ mistake
from beginning to end"
Fumes from 4 war plant and mass
nysteria, the of1cers said yesterday,
were to blame for the reports by
Evening star., 1944-09-13

the. city - the Wind sahilta, :. y,
Investigator, said such aschena36al
would cause symptoens reported ~
soma OF the yiotims-dry lps and
parched throat. Some aiSo had re-
ported they were nauseated and
affected by partial paralysis for .
brief time.
Evening star., 1944-09-13

found little
positive s e n t l.
ment" for Gov.
T h o m q S E.
De wey, Repub-
lican candidate.
Mr.. T h o m a s
conferred with
8 t ate Depart
m e n t officials
yesterday . n d
last night ap-
peare on 4
radio forum on
postwar military
conscription.
ssYTr1A~R 1nv
Evening star., 1944-09-13
THE EVENING STAR Washinrton DC SA-,fs
WruRtesoAY = =

election Of -President Roosevelt
might influence Russia to enter the
war against Japan after 0ermapy's
collapse.
Senatax Danaher read from a
press dispatch quoting Senator Pep
Evening star., 1944-09-13
Donoher Attacks Pepper
On Russiu and Election
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.

BY the Associated Press.
Senator Pepper, Democrat. Of
Florida was sharply criticized in the
Senate yesterdxy by Senator Dana
her, Republican, Of Connecticut for
q purported assertion that the re-
Evening star., 1944-09-13
Norman Thomas SAYS J
His Tour Found Little
Sentiment for Dewey

Norman Thomas, Socialist party
candidate for President, just re-
turned from . campaign tour OF
the West, said here yesterday he
Evening star., 1944-09-13

per Is having made his assertion on
the West Coast, and declared that
u reached new low, in political
utterances.
The Omaha guide., 1944-12-23
Electoral College


OBVIOUSLY, the electoral-college system, under
present conditions, is 0 potential agency for foiling
the will Of the majority. Certainly it would ap-
pear to be part Of wisdom to reform it. While this
(the Guffey-Celler amendment pending in Congress
is opposed by Southern Senators, the fact is that it
actually would have the effect of reducing the influ-
ence Of such large, often doubtful States as New
York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Illinois, and California
and proportionately would increase the influence Of
Southern States where the majority is always sub
stantial. The Southern Democrats opposition is
porbably based on the fear that a prorata system
would provide an incentive for the Republicans to
invade the South in search of a fraction of the cleo
toral vote. A method Of reform however, which
would apparently give a much better balance to the
with concerted congressional opposition, is that
which was in effect in the early days of the Republic
up to the time Of Jackson ond Van Buren,. This is
the system Of choosing electors by congressional
district, each district to chose it's own elector and to
The Omaha guide., 1944-12-23
Care Of Our Future Generation

Katherine f. Lenroot, who last week celebrated
her 10th anniversary as chief of the Children's Bur-
eau. United States Department of Labor, has compll
ed som estatistics on the need for care Of children
bv local, State and Federal health authorities. Miss
Lenroot reported:
Three million babies were born in 1913, sustaining
the all-time high birth record set III 1912. And the
nation has approximately 4O,OOO,OOO boys ana girls
under Is years of age.
In the years ap~proximating those in which Social
Security funds have been available for maternal
and child-health services, the maternal mortality
rate in this country has been reduced over one-half,
or from SO deaths per 10000 live births In 1884 to 70
deaths (per 10000 in 1912. In the same period, the
infant deaths per 1000 live births were reduced to
404 in 1912.
The record. however, is not all good, for it repres-
ents a great uneven-ness in Immortality by sections
of the country and by race. AS for the latter, the
mortality rate for Negro mothers is two and one
half times that for the whites. In 1912, sixteen stat
oes had rates under 20 maternal deaths for 10000 live
births, but five had rates above 40, the highest being
53.2 in South Carolina. The rate is closely related
to care or lack of care given mothers IN pregnancy
and childbirth.
Fifty percent of the deaths of mothers in child
birth, it is estimated, might have been prevented
had The mothers had proper care, and many OF the
babies might have been saved had adequate medical
and hospital care been available. The size of the
problem confronting this nation is getting good ma
ternity and infant care to all mothers and all babies
is indicated in following summary:
More than 100000 babies are born annually with
out a doctor in attendance. There is only one certi-
fled obstetrician to 1000 registered births. Obvious
ly those obstetriciansc cannot handle the actual serv-
ice to all these patients. Even from the standpoint
of consultation their number is insufficient because
of their concentration. These specialists for the
most part are in the larger metropolitan areas.
In 1912, approximately three-fourths of the rural
counties we're still without maternity-clinic centers.
Only 16 States provide a special consultant nurse
in maternal and child health on the state agency
staff. Every state health department should have
at least one nurse responsible for developing ade-
quate nursing services in hospitals and in homes.
Every city or county having a population of 100000
persons should include a consultant nurse in mater
nal and child-health services on the staff Of the Of
ficial health agency.
Forty-eight thousand additional public-health
nurses are needed if adequate service is to be given
to all, especially to mothers and children. There
should be one public-ehalth nurse to every 1000 of
The Omaha guide., 1944-12-23

appeals were made to the workers; a sense Of Job
security was developed; opportunities for upgrad-
ing and advancement were p~esented; prejudice was
combatted with an abundance of pleasant common
sense; employer ond employees talked it out; man
agement took a firm but not coercive stand: and hon
est effort was made to SELL the plan. AS each
move was made, the white workers were consulted,
and every ~parctical effort was made to foresee the
difficult spots and to make ad justments in advance.
Today Negro women are employed as hopper feed
ers, car tenders, shippers, drawing-frame tenders
and doffers, as well as cleaners and rowing haulers.
What about results? The number of white work
ers lost was negligible; turnover and absenteeism
nave decreased; production is up to schedule; and
that plant has no labor shortage problem.'n (Ricb-
mond Times Dispatch, Nov. "a, 1914. Reprinted
from the Southern Frontier, Atlanta).
The Omaha guide., 1944-12-23
by Ruth Taylor

ing the fundamental faith of all monotheistic- RELIC
ions, that all men are the sons of God.
We can respect another's religion without losing
our own distinctive faith. AS Father Ross 50 aptly
said: In all things religious we Protestants, Ca
thollcs, Jews, can be separated as the fingers of a
mans outstretched hand. In all things civic and
American we can be as united as a mans clenched
fist" We may differ in the path we NAV take to
God, we may be strong in our belief in the rfghtness
Of our way-but we will see to it that our neighbor
has the same right to choose his path that we have
to choose ours.
Freedm Of religion is more than freedom of ritual
We are all OF us children Of one Father and we have
a duty toward our brothers. We share a common
faith in Goblet us put that faith into action bv
bringing to our fellow men justice and righteous
ness, freedom and security, an equal opportunity
and an equal chance. Only in this way can we keen
our souls as well as our bodies free, and ensure the
peImanence of our freedom.
The Omaha guide., 1944-12-23
ssCOttOn Ed'' Smith

I'm the passing of Sen. Cotton Ed Smith Of
South Carolina was the passing of a tradition. That
is, symbolically. for the Smith tradition still lives
here and there in the South. In him was the de-
velopment into almost the epitome of a type of de-
magoguery seen most often in the South, though not
peculiar to it. This is the demagogue for the pre-
dominant economic and financial interests. who is
able to sell his doctrine to enough Of the masses by
a picturesque personality, a gift for the homely sim
lie and story, and with a slug here and there of pre-
JUDGE, usually at the expense Of the Yankee or the
'nlgger.' The last was laid on more heavily if he
The Omaha guide., 1944-12-23

the pOpulatlOn.
Fifty thousand new maternity beds are required
to meet the need for hospital facilities for mothers.
In 1910 there were about 5000 midwives in the
United States, most Of them unframed. There are
onley about IT'S trained nurse midwives in the cou1l-
try and the school capacity for training them is only
40 per year. Yet thousands of women during their
child delivery are almost wholly dependent upon
midWives.
Further evidence for the need for a larger nation
el child-care program is given in the statistics on
growing children
More than 8 million children under q years Of age
in this country suffer physical handicaps.
Ten million have defective vision.
Two million have impaired hearing, 1900 of that
number being deaf.
Close to a million have congential syphilis.
A half million have orthopedic or plastic condi-
lions.
-Four hundred thousand have tuberculosis.
Nearly half a million children have been or are be-
ing affected by rheumatic fever. Many die and
many more are being made i'll for many months or
develop a permanent disability Of the heart. Rheu-
matte fever is chiefly a disease of poverty. e
It is estimated that three-fourths of all school
children have dental defects.
''To cope with the child-care problem Miss Len
root said. 'Our postwar policy should include claTi-
fication of the contributions made by women as
mothers and as breadwinners, and of the RESPONSE
bilities of schools and social welfare agencies for
meeting chlld-care needs. For children whose mo-
theirs are employed, a broad and coordinated pro-
gram OF community services is essential, with nee
essary guidance and supervision from state agencies
These services should be planned thorugh commun-
iy wide committees in which schools, social agenc-
les, industry. organized labor and the lay public are
represented. There should be Qualification of the
educational functions Of the school and the social
service functions Of welfare departments and other
social agencies.
"Finally. there is urgent need for an immediate
and widespread expansion of health and medical
facilities to care for Children. The groundwork for
health and physical fitness must be laid through a
program that begins with prenatal care for the mo
Their and extends through all the stages Of infancy,
childhood. and adolescence. Money invested in a
comprehensive program that would assure access
to health services and medical care to all, and in a
nutrltloral program that would be directed toward
an adequate level of nutrition for all children and
youth, would contribute more to physical fitness
and national preparedness than any other one ac-
tion.'
The Omaha guide., 1944-12-23

ga number Of recent news stories tell Of the acute
shortage of workers for Southern textile mills.
Government officials have stated that plants are be-
hind on production, that thousands of workers are
needed, and that house-to house recruiting will be
done. .... One source has been virtually untouched
by industrial employment-Negro women 1t is
being done-and successfully. A number Of the
largest textile plants in the South have been employ
ing Negro women as machine operators for many
months. One plant which employs more than 5000
people is over 40 percent operated by Negroes, pre-
dominantly Negro women. Recognizing that
most human beings will accept changes if they I'M
derstand why and if they feel they are getting a
square deal, management paved the way solidly for
the Introduction Of Negro women machine operators.
Department by department. it educated its super
~visory and then its geneal personnel. Patriotic
The Omaha guide., 1944-12-23
Freedom Of Religion

Which of the Four Freedoms means the most to
you?
Freedom Of Religion is to most people the great
est freedom because without it the others are value
less.
Freedom Of Religion is not just the privilege to go
to the chruch of one choice, to bring ones children
up in the teachings Of ones fathers. 1t is the only
true freedom Of the spirit, because when freedom
OF religion is I taken away, the mind is fettered.
All real freedoms stem from freedom of the mind,
from freedom of faith. Without freedom of relig-
ion, there is no liberty. The shackles Of one master
have simply been exchanged for those of another.
Freedom of one religion means freedom Of all re-
llglons. Ii we enjoy freedom Of religion, we must
respect the religious beliefs Of others who do not
share our faith.
True religion, by whatever creed it acclaims it.
self, knows no barriers Of nationality, race or class.
Its covenant is the brotherhood Of all mankind. If
q man hates another because Of his creed he is deny
The Omaha guide., 1944-12-23

Tennessee observed Thanksgiving Day with a
%lynching The boy who was lynched first came to
the attention of the Nashville juvenile court at the
age Of 9. Thereafter, he was involved in at least
six offenses, ranging from HOUSEKEEPING to stabb-
ing. But the men who cut short his career were not
the authority to sit in judgement or to execute a
sentence upon him. By taking the law into their
own hands, they were not rendering Justice they
were not even setting up a deterrent-Gov Cooper
has posted a large reward for the Identification of
these terrorists, but they are probably not in great
The Omaha guide., 1944-12-23

IAN alert democratic consciousness is indicated
III the resolution at the A. T. of L. Convention in
New Orleans advocating congressional measures to
attack racial discrimination and reduce its causes
but the Mariente resolution, asking criminal penal
ties for organized discrimination, is probably nei-
Their practical nor desirable. The Mariente reso-
luton, however, correctly warns that labor unions
IN EuOpe learned, when it was too late, that organic
ed race hatred may become an opening wedge to-
The Omaha guide., 1944-12-23

danger Of ever being tried or convicted. But that
is not the only disturbing aspect of this affair. What
is here revealed is shocking incompetence in the earl
Ter treatment of the l~ynchers' victim. He was evil
IDENTIFY a psychopathic criminal This Pikeyille bus
mess has it's lesson for other states, Alabama includ-
ed, IN which juvenile courts have become routing a.
gencles without adequate facilities for working out
their problems . birmingham Age-Herald, Nov.
%, 1944.)
faith in themselves II
The Omaha guide., 1944-12-23

ward the destruction Of labor itself. Another reso-
luton calls for a permanent Fair Employment Prac-
tlce Committee, which would carry into the post
war period a machinery and technique which. with
out using compulsion, has materially reduced dis
examinations in economic opportunity. The A. F.
OF l.. will honor itself and serve democracy by adopt
ing this resolution and theirs designed to protect A
merica against the poison Of fascist IDEAS Chicago
Sun, November %. 1910.
The Omaha guide., 1944-12-23

Outlining the history of the electoral college the
Advertiser asks why not abolish the college and e.
lect the president by direct popular vote. ''This
change would deprive the larger states of some Of
their unjustified influence, it would pervent the fu-
ture election Of a president by a minority of the vot-
harder in the Solid South. If the direct method
OF election were used, it would become desirable for
candidates to seek every possible vote in the State.
This new situation would make the South and some
OF the Western states more influential within their
respective parties, and it would give the Sonth 4
bargaining power in national Democratic affairs
that it does not have now. Birmingham Age Her
aid, November 20, 1944).
The Omaha guide., 1944-12-23
Poll

Leaders of both factions Of the Republican party,
and the anti-organization Democrats in Virginia
have called for repeal Of the state poll tax. 'Since
the poll tax is going to be eliminated in a few years
alton now, when the machinery for doing so is about
to be set up. The policies Of the Republican party
on the national scene impress us as distinctly reac-
tionary, but in Virginia they are in some respects a.
The Omaha guide., 1944-12-23
I'm Themselves

"A company Of Negroes (sic) of New York city
has purchased a valuable estate in Putnam county
and will use it as a country club. These Negroes
(sic) who are to have a country club are not seeking
association with white people andare presenting an
exceptional example of the ability of members of
their race to go forward on their own.' If there be
evidence of comparative weakness Of the American
Negroes (sic) it is made plain by incessant murmur-
The Omaha guide., 1944-12-23

ing that they are not taken into political and other
societies Of white people, nourished and promoted
by them. Since the Negroes (sic) were enamel
pated they have failed, by reason Of constant effort
to get themselves adopted by the former master race
to make the progress that japanese in the United
States would have made. The New York projectors
of a country club have faith in themselves. from
Charleston News and Courier, Nov. "A, 1914.
The Omaha guide., 1944-12-23

head of those offered by the Democrats. The poll
tax is a case in point. The COP has been calling
formally for its repeal at successive State conven-
tons over a period of a good many years. The DOM
inant Democratic organizations, on the other hand,
has been taking just the opposite tack over a long
period. A few of it's leaders have recently spoken
out for repeal, but the great bulk have remained 81
lent Richmond Times Dispatch, Nov. 25, 1944).
The Omaha guide., 1944-12-23
Armed Forces

"These Negroes who refused to load the munition
ships following the Port Chicago disaster were plain
y overcome by fear. They were not per Sc muffin
GERS except to the extent that their fear overcame
whatever responsibility they had. Considering
then that fear and failure to do a duty because of it
cannot be encouraged in wartime, we still believe
The Omaha guide., 1944-12-23

that the sentences imposed on these men were al
together too severe. We do not believe that the
honor Of the United States Navy or the reputation
of the United States Navy as a fighting, fearless
force, would have been impaired by sentences rang
ing from one-half to one-third of those given (San
Francisco Chronicle, Nov. %, 1944.)
The Omaha guide., 1944-12-23

vote on the two from the State-at-large. This sys-
tenn was proposed by Jefferson and by Jackson. but
did not become national law. -(Christian Science
Monitor, Nov. 20, 1914. Signed by Malcolmn w.
Bayley).
The Omaha guide., 1944-12-23

ord, Nov. 20, 1914. Column by Thomas l.. Stokes).
"Such publications as Time and others, In Nor
them states, which occasionally intimated that the
late Senator Smith was british in his disposition to-
ward the colored people, will not observe that six
colored men were the active pallbearers at his
funeral. 1t ca nbe safely said that no man was ha-
bitually kinder to the colored people thon was Ellis
on D. Smith, Notwithstanding the attacks made upon
by the Thurgood Marshalls.' .(Charleston
News and Courier, Nov. %, 1944). -
The Omaha guide., 1944-12-23

Published EUery Saturday at 2420 Grant Street
OMAHA, NEBRASKA-PHONE HA. $500
Entered as Second Class Matter March Is, 1927
at the Post Office al Omaha, Nebraska, under
Of Congress Of March 3, 1879.
Washington Journal., 1944-03-10
9entidlunb mnf cine Madt bleiben

Die 2onoon Simes erflGrte in Ell
mem 2eitartifel, sic fiinftige @inbeit
in europa %berlange, oaB 9enti6lano
g%eltattet meroen muB, nab Dem &rie-
&c cine tpidtige nirti6aftli6e uno
politii6e Wa6t 81 bleiben, ipenn
ibm au6 oie Mittel gum Mngriff
periagt bleiben miiiien. Sid i6arf
gegen sic Meinungen GllBerno, oaB
0eutidlano auseinanoergeriiien per=
Den ioa, beroffentli6te sic .Simes"
ibre erite e~ingebenoe grfldrung, mas
nit Dem &ei6 gei6eben ioa. Nnge=
Iidts oes @influiies Ser 3eitung auf
oas britii6e 2eben miro Ser 2eitar-
tifel ais beioiloers ipi6tig betra6tet.
@r lautete:
o@uropas ginbeit liefert nlr Ben
&abmen, i~nnerbalb mel6em oas
oeutide 8roblem often ongefaBt uno
gelolt per6en fam. Gburdiq beitritt
am Gienstag, Sen %. 5ebruar, nit
Na6orud ieoen @uni6 8eutiG.
lauo aus Ser &eibe Ser Nationen GU
ropas aus3uloiden." Cine iol6e
Holitif piiroe beute in Ser Sat me-
Der praftii6 nod moralii6 fiir sic
5ipiliiierte @elt %annebmbar iein.
ltngeaHtet ser brennenoen 8erab-
i6ellune Der oeutiden unteroriid-
ing, mel6e iebt nit ponem &e6t
europa erfiiat, lit es nod INNER
umumitoBlid, ielbit BEL ieiten Sp-
fern, baB 9eutI6lano nidts anoeres
ais elm mi6tiges Mitglieo oes euro
pdii6en &orpers, politii6 uno pirt-
idaftli1, iein fam; uno mdbreno
oie i6Grflten 0eaBnabmen ~getroffen
pernen miiiien, cine @greiiion 81
perbinoern, oarf ni9t 5ugelaiien per-
oen oob 9euti9lano elm &rebs am
europ1iiden Srgunismus meroen
bari"