davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-03-27
Dorothy Thompson

OF influence, keeping peace meanwhile
by fragile treaties and pious platitudes.
90. The use by the victors of their
power to compel an al-inclusive or
ganization of the world under law, with
equal freedom, equal justice, and pro-
portionate responsibility.
~
Unless Cod passes a miracle No. !
would rapidly degenerate into Q. The
signs of it are already on the horizon.
And the result would inevitably be an
other war, preceded by spheres Of influ-
ence, balances at power, alliances and
all the things Mr.. Hull rightly condemns.
The inference is that we intend to
build the third But it will never be
constructed on II antiquities. If we
genuinely intend to turn victory into
peace we only need one point and 1t
can be briefly and clearly stated:
Recognizing that peace is the sub
stitution of the rule of law for the
tests of force, the United States of
America is determined to put the full
weight of its power into the creation of
world organization, open with equal
freedom and proportionate responsibility
to all nations, great and small, and
empowered to legislate an interna-
tional law and provide for its adjudica-
ton and enforcement. If any nations
refuse to enter into such an organiZa-
ton, the United States will create it
with those that will, regarding all who
refuse to collaborate as potential law
breakers and seeing to it that the force
which 1t can command on land, in the
air and on the seas will be superior
to the combined force Of all who stand
outside it."
The people of the world want lasting
peace. The ghosts of shattered youth
cry for peace. The homeless wanderers
Of the world cry for peace The mothers
of young sons cry for .peace. The hu-
man reason cries for peace. The human
conscience cries for peace Not for
peace without victory, but for victory
creative of peace
But there is only one conceivable way
to assure peace: The acceptance by all
sovereign nations of mutually created,
mutually enforced law.
Released by The Bell Syndicate, Incl
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-03-27
Constantine BrO1VN

cognized by the British and American
Gen. de Gaulle and are in sympathy
with the commander In chief OF the
French forces, Gen. Henri Giraud, are
said to feel keenly the treatment OF
their chief by Gen. de Gaulle and also
to have been affected by the way the
military court at Algiers handled the
"Pucheu case"
The Poles-or at least their top officers
ARE mostly concerned over the future
OF Poland, which appears extremely
dark. They inevitably hear that their
military efforts are unlikely to receive
a political reward from the Allies. Most
of the officers and men of the Polish
corps are refugees from Russia and are
said to have little love for their eastern
neighbor.
Regardless Of how hard the morale
service may be working on these men
who still are without country, Gen.
Clark's task Of getting them into a
unified fighting body is unbelievably
hard.
the Italian front are having important
repercussions throughout Europe and
particularly in the Balkans The Italians
themselves doubtless are growing skep-
tical. Premier Badoglio's move to OBJ
tain a rapproachement with Moscow by
re-establishing diplomatic relations with
the U. S. s. r. was prompted partially
by his views about our military ability.
The italian campaign was prompted
by political as we'll as military con-
siderations. Now these very reasons may
bounce back on us with an adverse
effect
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-03-27
Rumuniu Occupied

To those acquainted with Balkan
realities, news that the Germans
have occupied Rumania is on a par
with the proverb that the Dutch
have taken Holland. For, except in
the technical sense, Rumania has
been under German military control
ever since the Antonescu govern
ment submitted to Axis pressure
and admitted German troops Just
before the Balkan campaign against
Greece and Yugoslavia in the spring
of 1941. Thenceforth, Rumania be-
came a German base of military OPP
erations and also a prime source of
raw materials, especially oil and
foodstuffs. The Ploesti oilfields are
vital to the German war machine,
and the corridor of lowland between
the Carpathians and the Black Sea
is strategically equally vital to
German defense Of the Balkans
against a Russian invasion. The
farsighted German high command
has surely taken no chances that
such prizes would slip from its
grasp. So, for the past three years,
German garrisons have been in
stalled at all key points within Ru-
mania. and need only to be some
what reinforced by second-line re-
serve divisions to make all secure
against any native disaffection likely
to arise.
It is hard to see how any effective
opposition can develop. To begin
with, the Antonescu government
embarked Fundamentally with Ger
many in the Russian invasion,
the bait being recovery of Bessarabia
and Northern Bukowina, wrenched
from Rumania by Russia only the
year before. The bulk of the Ru-
manian Army took part in the con-
quest of Southern Russia and was
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-03-27
The Red Drive Goes on

AS the East European winter gives
place to spring the most surprising
aspect of the situation is the way
the Red armies keep up their often
sive despite the handicaps of mud
and flood waters which, in previous
years, have notably slowed down
military operations. In part, this
continued Russian mobility is prob
ably due to the fact that last winter
was the mildest in decades. But
it is also due to Russian innovations
such as wide dreaded tanks and
halftracks with high ground clear
ance, which has enabled them to
take to the fields instead of being
confined to the highways. This,
with the added factors of abundant
cavalry and hardy infantry, have
enabled the Red armies to outpace
and outmaneuver their German
opponents, who have thus often
been compelled to abandon their
mechanical equipment and supplies,
stuck fast in road-blocks, in order
to save themselves from annihila-
ton.
All this has rendered much more
costly the great German retirement
in the Ukraine which has been going
on for months. Ever since the loss
of Kiev and the Dnieper line last
autumn. the ultimate evacuation of
Southern Russia by the Germans
was a foregone conclusion. The
problem facing the German COM
mander, General Won Mannstein,
was how to disengage himself from
his insiStent enemy, inflicting maxi
mum damage in the process, holding
on as long as possible to economic
prizes like the manganese and iron
mines, and perhaps delaying evacua-
ton long enough to prevent the
Russians from spring planting in
Russia's traditional bread basket.
Thus far, Won Mannstein seems to
have done a creditable job. His
losses have been higher than had
been anticipated. owing to the fac
tors above noted, but, with one ex-
ception, no large German forces
have been trapped and destroyed.
Yet much remains to be done, espe-
cially the evacuation of the large
forces along the Black Sea region
between Nikolayev and Odessa.
Their retreat is further menaced by
the Russian passage of the Northern
Dniester into Bessarabia. Indeed,
it is questionable whether the Red
advance can be held at the line of
the Prut, the boundary of Rumania
proper. That would bring the Red
armies to the rampant of the Car
pathians, the natural bulwark be-
tween the illimitable eastern plains
and the heart of Central Europe.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-03-27

police to which both contractors owe
subservience.
There is vast illusion that interna-
tional law exists in the sense that
domestic law exists. 1t is not true. There
is no international law-making body;
no international court; no international
enforcement agency. The League of
Nations conventions were not laws and
had not the force of laws. If they had
been laws, withdrawal from the League
or refusal to enter 1t would have an
nounced the clear intention Of a state
to live lawlessly.
Mr.. Hull recommends the creation of
some agency" He speaks Of organ
lied cooperation" agencies to use the
remedies of discussion, negotiation con-
Citation" etc., and IAN international
court whose adjudications would be
based on application of principles of
law" But he does not tell show we
are to get the law in the first place.
Our foreign policy denounces spheres
Of influence, alliances, balances of power
and other special arrangements" Let
us not encourage self-delusion. With
out the organization Of the world under
law these things will be inevitable and
even necessary. American security could
not otherwise be protected than by
spheres of influence, political and eco
nomic. The Monroe Doctrine is sphere
of influence doctrine. Our claims to
bases in the South Pacific are, too. The
proposal to build an American-owned
pipeline across Arabia is the creation
of new sphere of economic influence,
for privileged access to raw materials
in case Of war.
Without the organization of the world
under law, alliances and balances of
power are essential. Britain for in
stance, could not risk existence without
them.
A United Nations victory offers only
three possible courses. They are:
%. The consolidation of the power
Of the four greatest victors and their
mutual domination of the earth.
ca. The dissolution of the partner
ship and the opening of competition
among them with an attempt to main
tain balance of power through spheres
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-03-27

Bay of Bengal to meet possible emery
ence of the Japanese battle fleet in the
vicinity of Burma and the Malay Straits.
This particular theater of war has
been one of grave apprehension for the
United States during the last several
months but there has been little, if any,
public disclosure of the reasons for it.
AS the moves unfold, however, it is plain
that the American Navy has been sue
cessful in its plea that the British Navy
be permitted to play considerable part
in the operation in the Bay Of Bengal
so as to prevent Japanese domination of
Burma from keeping the Burma Road
closed.
With the selection of Admiral Lord
Louis Mountbatten as Allied leader in
India and Burma, the American au-
thorities have been eminently salts
fled and they have not had any reason
to repent of their enthusiasm for him,
though there have been some murmur-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-03-27

Wilson after the destruction of Casino
by the Allied air forces is fading. The
devastating air bombardment has
proved one major tactical point to the
Allied commanders concerning aviation.
Buildings and surface military installa-
lions can be utterly wiped out. But
underground works, such as the Ger
mans had at Casino and are believed
to have on the Atlantic coast and in
France, can Withstand bombing raids
even better than they can concentrated
artillery fire.
X
The best Allied unit in It. Gen. Mark
Clarks 5th Army-a New Zealand d.
vision-was sent into the shambles
OF Casino without any positive result.
Two regiments Of German paratroopers
reinforced the Nazi batallions which re-
manned under cover in unground shell
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-03-27

lions are changing under the pressure
of events. Turkish bell1gerency might
now produce very considerable results.
Thus far, the Russian Black Sea fleet
has not been much in evidence, and
may in great part be out of commission
due to its lack Of good base for so long.
But there is nothing wrong with the
Turkish fleet; probably it has not been
at so high a state of efficiency in mod
ern times. 1t includes not only fairly
good battle cruiser, but a number of
modern destroyers and submarines.
4
It could seal up the ports of Rumania
and Bulgaria completely. Now the Ger
mans are showing great anxiety as to
those ports. They are rushing troops
there. Obviously they hope to withdraw
great part Of Won Mannstein's trapped
armies by way Of Odessa, to which port
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-03-27
Overture

Where the eUergreens haze kept a,pay
the sun
Wh1te-skirted ,Dinter fingers late,
But on the open slopes the winter npelts
Into taint-sDelling buds OF palest hue:
The 1Dind toys, slyly. NTH the matted
leaUes
That fell these foe months gone:
The earth is quiet, still,
Her dormant state
Yet wrapped about her like battered
cloak
Abone the tree-line. on the rocky ridge,
A lone bird iOhistles family,
As one might stir his tagging courage
In the dark. And then another anstDers,
And the hillside comes to lite.
CORNELIA B. FURBISH.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-03-27

for Z moment that they have been
faultless, the fact remains that they
are striving In every quarter of the
world to make diplomacy serve as an
instrument Of victory. And those
who would persuade the American
people to believe otherwise are guilty
OF an undertaking which is as ire
Sponsible as it Is harmful,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-03-27
Mr.. Churchill Reports

AAAlC MlIllSGcI OIluTCIllllS latest
speech will be disappointing to those
who had expected him to deal with
the political issues. that are arising
to plague the Allied cause. He said
few days ago, for instance, that the
Atlantic Charter would have to be
clarified. Yet this matter, as we'll
as all kindred topics. were ignored
In yesterdays report to his world
wide audience.
With his customary skill he re-
viewed the progress of the war, and
it was good to listen to his confident
assurance that victory is certain.
Mr.. Churchill is not man to take
the short view or narrow one. Lo-
cal Setbacks, even of such an aggra-
waited character as those which have
overtaken our arms in Italy, leave
him entirely mistaken. 1.-THE long
and terrible. march which the res
cuing powers are making is being
accomplished stage by STAGE" he
declared, "and we can now say not
only with hope but with reason that
we shall reach the end of our Jour-
ney in good order, and that the
tragedy which threatened the whole
world and might have put out all
its lights and left our children and
descendants in darkness and bond
age perhaps for centuries that
tragedy will not come to pass" We
know that this Is true. yet it is
heartening to have it stated again
by the British Prime Minister, for
most of us are SO constructed that
the reverseS which crop up during
a lull before the beginning of great
events tend to assume an exag-
gerated Importance When the in
vasion of Europe comes, the stale
mate in Italy and the international
political chickering's will fade out of
the picture because they are rela-
lively unimportant. This is the
essence of what Mr. Churchill had to
say. and he is Individually right.
1t is worth noting, however that
he. had no forecast to offer as to the
probable time of the end of the war.
II there was single note of opti-
mlsm on this score, it came in his
comments on the fight with Japan.
Pointing out that the japanese have
shown signs of grave weakness"
Mr.. Churchill said he has revised
his earlier estimates to the extent
OF anticipating the collapse of Japan
more quickly after the end of the
war with Germany than he had for
merly thought possible. There is
scant comfort in this, however, since
it is not unlikely that he now fore
sees a longer war with GERMANY
than he had expected six months or
year ago.
For the rest, his speech dealt with
political questions in the British
Isles which do not directly concern
us. 1t is interesting to note that Mr..
Churchill, like our own national
leader, is having trouble on the home
front, but since our political systems
are so unalike there is nothing to be
gained from comparing Mr.. Church.
Ills handling of his political oppo-
nents with the technique used by
Mr.. Roosevelt. The British Prime
Minister is not faced with the neces-
slty OF holding national election in
the midst of the war, and that
makes a great deal of difference.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-03-27
Casino Lesson

The fact that the Nazis have re-
taken fourth of wrecked Casino
Is not only SOLDERING indication of
how strong the enemy's morale re-
mains but also striking evidence
that overwhelming air power is not
always decisive factor in achieving
military detectives. If this town
and its surrounding area did not
have deep wine cellars and a net
work Of natural caves and subter-
ranean passages and If German
guns did not look down on it from
dominating heights, the story might
be different, with the place now
entirely in our hands as a result Of
its recent pulverization by our Allied
planes.
But as things actually are, we have
failed up to now to take the whole
of Casino and have, in fact, lost
some of the ground we seized i'm
mediately after our unprecedented
air attack. The bombing obviously
was not enough to drive the Nazis
permanently out. Indeed, by piling
up rubble, it apparently delayed the
advance of our tanks and infantry
long enough to give the enemy time
to reorganize. With it's tunnels,
deep cellars and wrecked buildings,
moreover, the town has proved to
be great AFRAID shelter, and as
they fight desperately to win it back
or keep us from gaining full control
of it, the Nazis are finding that the
ruins serve them as a formidable
fortress.
However, although air power in
this instance did not lead - quick,
decisive results. it at least helped
our forces to advance farther than
they could have done without it.
Further, the experience will I'M
doubtedly be of value to the Allied
commanders charged with the re-
sponsibility of opening new fronts
against Hitler in Europe. In this
connection, incidentally, it would be
a mistake to suppose that all-out
bombing elsewhere will have only
the limited success it has had at
Casino. What we must remember
is that all towns are not alike, that
fortunately very few of them have
the same difficult surrounding ter
rain and the same subterranean
structure as this place. Here the
Nazis have found nature an excel
lent ally, but they will not be so
lucky in all other areas.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-03-27

that Turkish neu-
trality served the
cause of the United
Nations better than
Turkish belligerency
on our side. Hither-
to it has been like
wise arguable that
any Turkish move
toward beligerency
would place Turkey
in grave danger of
losing her European
provinces, at least,
and control of the
straits.
But these condi-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-03-27

indication of the
progress of the con-
f1ict or its probable
length possesses es-
pecial validity.
For American lis
teners there was one
statement of pro-
+ und Importance
concerning the jap
anese war which has
not previously been
intimated publicly.
1t is that the Brit
ish government now
has sent a powerful
battle fleet to the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-03-27

at Casino. Nothing
is expected to hap
pen soon at the
Anzio beachhead-
so far as q British
American offensive
is concerned - be-
cause any drive in
that area Is predi-
Gated on the ability
Of the Casino forces
to break through the
Nazi lines.
The optimism re-
ported to have been
displayed by Gen.
Sir Henry Maitland
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-03-27

no answer. Iney
only summarize pre-
vious statements
whose righteousness
created the demand
for Qualification.
If one compares
them with the Four
teen Points of Wood
row ilson one
notes deterioration
of form and con-
tent. Mr.. Wilson's
points conveyed spe-
ciflc meanings. Not
SO with these.
-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-03-27
On the Record

Mr.. Hull has truthfully ascertained
that the people of the United States
want a clearer declaration on foreign
policy But the II points set forth are
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-03-27
Golden Arrow" in France ONLY

Golden Arrow" in France ONLY
To the Editor of The Star:
In Frederic Haskin's column in Tho
Star OF March % it was stated that "the
name OF the train which formerly trav-
eled directly between London and Paris"
was the Golden Arrow" and that "it
crossed the English Channel on a train
ferry"
I rode on the train referred to in 1929
when going from Canterbury to Paris
but I boarded it at Calais, France. not
IN England. According to recent edi-
tion OF the Encyclopaedia Britannica.
though the establishment of a train
ferry between Dover and Calais often
mad been discussed, it never mate
rallied.
The Golden Arrow Cor Fleche dor
certainly was one of the finest and fast
est trains on the French railroads
Drawn by a steam locomotive, it COW
cred the distance of 1875 miles between
Calais and the Care du Nord in Paris
IN three hours and ten minutes-an
average speed of So miles an hour.
CHARLES H. PROBERT.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-03-27

Prime Minister Churchill has access
to every bit of confidential information
on the progress OF the war and hence
every phase of his speech that gives an
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-03-27
Questions for People at Home

questions tor People at Home
To the Editor Of The Star:
Why complain about not being able to
get this or that, or going here or there.
when our boys are giving their limbs
and lives for us so that after this war
Is over we will have this or that and 20
here and there at our free will?
We complain now about such things,
when before this war we did without
more things than we do without at pres
ent? We saw bread lines-people with
out fuel and some without proper
clothes. We, ourselves, may have been
one OF those. We did not complain
then; why complain now? When we
know that our boys all over the world
are living hell on earth for us, why
complain? FL, IRWIN
Laurel, Md.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-03-27
Turkeys Golden Hour

This might seem, to an impartial OBJ
server, to be the moment of golden
opportunity for Turkey.
Hitherto it has been at least arguable
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-03-27

It Is obvious from the bits Of infor-
nation which are permitted to reach
the public from the Italian battle front
that the Allied forces again are stymied
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-03-27

Nazi visitors to the Crimea,
Russia's vacationland, are about to
have even more trouble getting out
Of it than our own visitors to Florida.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-08-10
WHEAT BINS SELL
50 CARS OF GRAIN

The Wrightsboro wheat bins, es-
tabished July 30, 1943, have sold
so carloads of wheat during their
first year Of operation, R. w. Gal
phin, county farm agent, announc-
ed yesterday.
The bins have distributed 46,869
bushels of wheat valued at $751;
SPOTS.
Wheat sold by the Wrightsboro
bins for farmers of New Hanover,
Brunswick, Fender, Onslow, upper
Columbus, lower Bladen and low
er Sampson counties has been sold
as supplemental feed and not in
direct competition with mixed
feeds of the countries, Galphin
said.
Selling of wheat was done by the
Wrightsboro concern to alleviate
live stock feed shortage in this
area, and without these bins
farmers would have found it very
hard to carry their live stock
through this period, Galphir
said.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-08-10
BY ANN STEVICK

WASHINGTON, Aug Some util-
Nv wooden garments may be hard
49, to get than ever, before next win
tor is over. Big Army orders for
uoolen garments, blankets, Sleep
i,s bags are keeping mills and
1ooms busy now. Coming overseas
relief shipments of woolens are ex-
nected to be tremendous.
Home folks must dig in-in the
family attic and closets for old
clothes with future, says Depart
ment of Agriculture's home Geo.
nomic bureaus new booklet, make
nvers from Coats and Suits" You
ran make that child's snow suit,
so hard to find at a reasonable
nrice, or a school or sports jacket
for YOUR outdoorish young one out
If fatner's outmanded overcoat or
rother's voluminus 1929 cape.
DR.. Hazel Stiebeling, head of the
bureau, points out that, Garments
laid aside two or three years ago
are superior to what the market
oHers now. They clean and launder
IN much better advantage, and