davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Imperial Valley press., 1944-03-12
Times Handiwork BuiIt
Valleys Soil Beds

Imperial Valley invaded nine times between 1923
and 1905 according to records in MacDougaFs book The
Saton Basin'-invaded by the Colorado River
If that record typical of prior years there were ls
nvasons in 1000 years S0 in 10000 years and that Is
only moment, geoogcally speaking.
That is why the soils of Imperial Valley, made up OF
river sediments complex > :,
Each time the river flowed down the Salton Basin side
of its delta formed lake about where the Saton Sea now
enlarged whatever body of water was lett from the
previous ncurson. ,
The river dropped most of its sediment load shortly
ater the lake. forming layers of sand or slit or
CLAW on the bottom With changes from time to time in the
size of the and in the route the river followed down
the delta layers these materials overapped without
Imperial Valley press., 1944-03-12

age reached a., estimated total OF
O8,445, 600 or fl Lr per cent above
last year and "a Pc cent above the
10-year ,Ee-.ee.
For the year l943 production by
farm flocks totsled 53.986 000 600
eggs, exceeding the previous high
record of 1912 by IL per cent and
the 10-year previous average by
As per cent.
DECEMBER PRODUCTION
Production for December 1943
was 3,232,000,000 eggs, the largest
December production in history.
This was six per cent above the
December, 1912 total dhe previous
all-time hieh' and 73 per cent
above the l0-year average fer Dec
ember.
The rate of production per layer
in l943 was 142 eggs as compared
with a l0-year average Cf l27 eggs
per layer. So you can't say the hens
weren't patriotic.
The egg feed, chicken feed, and
turkey feed ratios en- December Is,
lS43 were considerable less favor
able than the 10-year average but
the chicken tmeatl feed and tur-
key meat ratiCs were more favor
able. Hence there will be more
chickens for meat and more tur-
Imperial Valley press., 1944-03-12

ID in the Salt River Valley in Ar
iona where after some 300 Mexican
Nationals were imported to remove
the moss by hand last year, Beno-
clor was found to be 50 much more
effective that a carload of the chem
lea! -as used instead.
Study Conducted
Study Of the use Of the chemical
in this valley was made last summer
by the United States Bureau of Re-
clamation who sent Robert Balcolm,
agronomist, here from Denver 10
view the results of the chemicals
applications.
It's use has been a boon especially
in view of the districts labor Short
age and has made it possible to dis
pense with the use of hand labor
crews whose services aIe needed
elsewhere.
The first moss appeared in the
Imperial Irrigation Districts canals
in 1887 and its encroachments until
the past year have paralleled those
of other irrigation projects in the
West Prior to the advent of clear
water the district was not bothered
because the suns rays could not
penetrate the silly water in which
the plants will not thrive. Clear
water however made it possible for
the suns rays to reach the plants
and stimulate their growth.
First methods of combating the
pests were the ineffective process.
es of cutting, burning, oil treat
ments, and sun exposure by drying
up the canals periodically. The last
method was found the most effect
i've out it necessitated shutting off
the water from the waterways for
periods ranging from one to three
weeks. This of course is both costly
Imperial Valley press., 1944-03-12

scil-sampling equipment and lab
oratCry procedure have brought in
creased benefits 10 the valley and
will bring more benefits other than
pointing the way 10 correct GRAIN
ace. he said. The exhaustive eXpe-
rimentation both in the field and in
the laboratory already shows indi-
cation that there will be assurance
soon that drainage will be carried
on in a more scientific and success
full method tke.' tha; TOW being
employed.
The soil experts have determined.
how fast water will flow through
the various strata underlying the
soil, both vertically and horizontal
ly. From those determinations they
have arrived at these conclusions:
That water doesn't flow in a straight
vertical line to the tile or open
drains: that in travelling 6cwnward
to the drain. the mort distant the
point of flow is from the tile line,
the mere the water tends to curve
toward the tile; LAT in some cases
the water flows vertically and
penetrates the clay strata to the
less resistant strata below and then
flows laterally until it comes to a
point below the tile or drain and
then penetrates vertically upward
through the clay strata TO the
drain line: that water flows faster
horizontally than it does vertically
in sand be,e use of the disposition
Of the sand aims.
SOIL PERME4 4.BILITl
Tests of soil permeabi..ty require
hours of deliberate study and some
tests have run as long as 900 hours.
The interesting point CT these
studies have been two-fold: Cd
That the technique and equipment
used in making the field and lab
oratory tests have been developed
in Imperial county Ky the soil sci
entistS due to the Unique problems
that have arisen. This equipment
has been recognized as of great
value over the state: 90 that the
ramificaticns of the drainage prob
leIllS are TeIdleu W olllci ldCloiS
such as the amount of water to be
removed and proper spacing of tile
lines; the amount of evaporation
that occurs when irrigation is in
process; what crops are to be grown
on the land: the amount of time
required to drop the water level.
The scientists see as result of
their work the Development of I'M
perial Valley into one Of the most
extensive as we'll as intensive sci
entific farming areas in the world.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-03-12
AiISTAk IDENTITY

OMAHA. liet.. .arch II. (UP)-
Mrs. S. y. Mann, Omaha, sum-
moned to selNe IN district court
jury under her maiden name, Carol
B. McCallister, was excused by
Judge James M. Fitzgerald after
signing the jury pay roll so she
would draw one days pay as Juror.
The summons had been sent when
her name was mistaken for that of
man. A law passed by the Ne
braska legislature permits women
to serve on juries, but they are not
being called here because the jury
rooms lack proper rest room facili-
ties.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-03-12
Bio Increase in Pro duction Seen
For Egg. Poultry Industries
BY ii. LEE LANDERMAN
Assistant Farm Advisor

- Tremendous production of poultry and eggs during
1914 lies ahead indicated from all available OF
Information. The result will be slow movement and sag
ng prices for eggs because of dsordery marketing and
Improper distribution
Continued high prices for feedstuffs coupled with low
egg prices will to market heavily OF their
flocks probably bring meat prices to lower levels This
will give much wanted break temporarily at
least but decreased production will force prices again to
rebound and the cycle will be repeated These conclusions
foresee from the poultry picture it looks today
They are strict and definite ceiling prices in effect
all eggs and fowl meat Feed prices, however, only
mildly controlled by ceilings they affect the poultry
man. But the poultryman is not protected by minimum
prices (oors hence have take any price he
get IF HE CAN FIND BUYER for his eggs when there
is such an oversupply. This occurred last year.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-03-12
Valley Yields
kaffir Corn

The past year saw many expert
ments with new crops among which
one of the mCst important develop
ments was the growing for the first
time on commercial scale WaXy
Club kaffir corn. The corn yielded
nearly a ton per acre The General
Feds corporation contracted I'M
perial Valley farmers tc raise the
crops. A survey by the Imperial
Irrigation District on August l,
1943, indicated that there were
some 400 acres CT the corn under
cultivation in the county at that
time. The product is grown as a
substitute for tapioca, formerly i'm
ported to the United States from
the Orient.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-03-12

A sense of patriotism. answering
the call to produce feed for victory,
has impelled many people to &C
into poultry growing. They now
find themselves unable to continue
their endeavors without losing
money.
The bad side of this affair is the
fact that tco many producers Will
probably quit the business, later
causing scarcity of eggs and
poultry when the country will
perhaps need them most.
GRAIN DEMAND
Increasing demands for grains
for alcohol purposes, and for syn
thetic rubber are noticed since that
source has sc far proven to be
better than petroleum. Those de-
mands may further complicate the
feed grain supply available to live
stock and poultry growers.
A glance at the figures showing
the poultry population is enlight-
ening. The estimated number of
ycung birds on farms of the nation
January /, 1914 is Alb 3,486,O00 or II
pei. cent more than year ago or
46 per cent above the last 10-year
average.
In 1912 farmers raised II per
cent more chickens, increated in
ventorieS being IA per cent. In 1943
figures show that Is per cent more
chickens were raised but inventories
increased cr'~ per cent.
Thels. ore, Lecause of rising feed
prices without commensurate in
-creases in egg and fowl meat
prices and with threatened feed
shortages, poultry and egg produ-
GERS sold off a larger proportion
of their 1943 chicken crop than they
cid of their 1943 crop.
MAY HAPPEN AGAIN
It is p'e,.v safe tc assume, with
conditions again tending in the
same 3 direction, that the same
thing may happen again this year
or possible still worse.
There were 357.480.OOO pullets on
falmc in the United States jan
uary /, 1914 or - per cent above
last years figures and so per cen
above the previous 1O-year aver
age.
Potential layers on January l,
that is hens and pullets CT laying
age plus pullets not yet of laying
Imperial Valley press., 1944-03-12
BURIAL PLOT PUZZLES YMCA

WICHITA. Kan. .darch II. (UP)
The YMCA of Wichita owns
cemetery lot, Lut no one in the or
ganization knows why. An official
of the "Y" was reviewing the rec
Crd of the board of directors prior
to 1900 and found that the lot, Is
by 20 feet and large enough for IL
graves, had been purchased No
reason for the purchase was indi-
Gated any place in the records, the
official says and so far as any one
knows, the lot has never been used.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-03-12

Each time the river switched
back to the other side of the delta
and flowed into the Gulf of Calf
ornnia. evaporation reduced the
size CT the lake, exposing parts
or all of the newly-deposited sedi-
mentS to the air. On drying, they
developed large sun-cracks which
NAV have filled with wind-blown
sand. Perhaps sand dunes were
built ON top Of them before the
area was again submerged by ris-
ing water Or perhaps the next
time the river came in, it cut a
fresh gully through the sediments.
Then, perhaps again, the gully
was filled with blow sand or
Imperial Valley press., 1944-03-12

MOSS groWthS IN the irrlgatio'-
canals, one of the toughest prob
lens facing the district, is rapidly
on the way to being licked, and by
chemical at that.
Introduction of the comparatively
economical, but highly effective
chemical "benoclor", to combat I'M
perial valleys canal moss was made
last summer and since then has
proven itself quite efficient and less
expensive than previous methods of
removing the predatory moss from
the canals and drains, according to
w. E. Hartzog, superintendent of
water distribution and drainage
construction of the Imperial Irri-
cation District.
The new chemical Benoclor is A
colorless liquid which has an odor
similar TO creosote. 1t is destruc-
tive only to water weeds and is
non-poisonous and non-toxic both
TO human and animal life.
Fresh Water
Perfected by a New Jersey firm
II had been used in fresh water
supply reservoirs until the fall Of
1912, but the problems of fresh
water irrigators over the United
States led to it's discovery" as
Deing the answer to their problems
also. II had proven SO rightly ef-
fective in city reservoir operations
that when irrigators and users Of
streams began to be confronted with
moss choking their waterways. II
was readily adapte this new
use.
Inc predatory moss in the canals
appeared after the desilting ooer-
alton had taken the silt from the
water permitting the sun-rays =
encourage and speed the growth.
This caused the canals and drains
to be filled raising the water levels
IN the canals and slowing the fall
OF the water
The method of operation in using
the new chemical Benoclor is 10
pump 1t into the affected canal
and drain in fine spray every
1000 feet The water way carries
the chemical downstream and II
settles to the bottom and commences
us eradication VIZ ~~ainst the
clogging moss.
Cost Is Hig.-
While the cost of using ..twlclor
is high, it is still more economical
than the former hand methods or
that where the canals must be
dried by the sun treatment, another
method. The cost has been figured
at about $50 per acre which is less
than one-tenth the e2Lense incurr-
ed in the demossing of a similar
area by hand.
There are approximately twelve
different kinds of moss infesta-
tions in this valley, according %
Hartzog, all OF which cut down the
carrying capacity of the canals and
drains. IN ON e waterways the
moss causes raises in the water
level of foot or more which results
IN damage to the !ei 80 and canal
banks. thus causing floods.
The chemical is most efficient.
100 per cent in some cases, in erad-
icating some types Of water weeds,
particularly tules where only one
application has been found necess-
airy TO kill its growth. Additional
applications have been found nee
essary in the case of several other
water weed types.
Efficiency OF the chemical has
been most effectively denconstrat-
Imperial Valley press., 1944-03-12
New Company Gets
Start This Year

A neWcCp'cr in the growing and
shipping OF cIcGCce is the Maggie
Farms Company, Clerated by Sam
Maggie
The company in its first year
of operation in this field will har-
vest ITO acres of lettuce, 13O acres
of onions, 20 acres of melons and
go acres CT cantaloupes.
Operating from the Maggie
Brothers Company shed. Sam
Maggie employs IT'S people in the
field depending on the season.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-03-12
IT'S BIT PERILOUS

INDIANAPOLIS. March II CUP)
- Dewey Campbell had proof
that a hotel clerks job is a dan
gerous one in these days of Short
ages. He testified at the court ar
raignment of Roger Ferguson, 33,
Detroit, that the defendant bit off
his nose after being told there were
no available rooms. Physicians took
"a stitches in Campbells nose after
the affray in a hotel lobby.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-03-12
Steady Gains Revealed
I'm Battle on Moss

and inconvenient, so the use of the
new chemical brings second boon
to the crop growers of the valley.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-03-12

This irregular depository con-
dition and the variability CT soils
are reasons why it is difficult to
plan farm drainage systems with
any certainty of results in Imperial
Valley.
Drainage investigations. in Imper-
ial Valley are being carried on by
the Soil Conservation Service and
this agency is attempting to work.
out drainage system set cf prin-
cipleS what will take into con-
sideration these problems and can
be tailored in design to fit any
drainage piece Of land.
Marked progress toward COM
pletion CT the research program OF
the conservation district to guar
antee adequate drainage has been
reported by w w. Fox. conSerVa-
zionist in charge Of the FL Centro
office.
Proper drainage CT lands has
been agreed by all agricultural
experts in the valley 10 be the
major problem here, but it is not
one to be solved quickly. bat rather
one that will take a great deal CT
detail study so that when the reco-
concentrations are finally made
they will be factual and accurate.
The study Of Imperial Valley
soils is an exact as we'll as OBJ
jective technical problem both in
the field and in the laboratory
conducted by the irrigation district.
The important sub-soil moisture
problems facing Soil Scientists Fox,
w W. Donnan and V. S. Aronovici
have been reduced TO five basic
classitic2tiCnS.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-03-12
BIGGEST EGG KNOWN

The largest single cell that ever
existed is believed to have been
the l0-pcund yolk from the egg
Of the extinct Aepyornis, a gi;Llt
prehistoric bird.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-03-12
FIVE CL-LCT CTE-CtTIONS

The five c.a1slIicatlons these men
would like to place the valley land
in are % Land requiring no spe-
cial drainage practices; 90 Land
that can be drained adequately with
open drains or bitches; 81 Land
that can be drained by sumps or
wells: "a Land that will require
tile drains; 90 Land that cannot
be drained CT land that is imprac-
ticable to drain.
The extent CT the problem and
survey can be best demonstrated
in the statement by Mr.. FCX that
the soil men consider themselves
only halfway toward the solution
of the goal after 2l2 years of re-
search. The recent development of
Imperial Valley press., 1944-03-12
IRREGULAR DEPOSITS

tie organic matter, the bulletin
stated
Evening star., 1944-09-26
Nv NELSON NJ. SHEPARD.

AAF spokesmen explained today
that Maj. George z. Freddy. jr.
one of the ace fighter pilots OF
the 9th Air Force in England, was
expressing his personal opinion,
when he told Pentagon con-
ference that American pilots are
about evenly divided on the ques-
ton Of shooting at enemy airmen
parachuting over Germany and that
some of them do it
The 25-year-old Mustang pilot
who is credited officially with de-
stroying 23i2 enemy planes in
aerial combat and five more on the
ground, made the assertion mildly
in the presence of Army censors who
offered no objection. He had been
discussing his own fighting reac-
tions when asked whether our pilots
ever retaliated in such a manner
against the Germans.
Speaking for himself, Maj Freddy
said, Il have never shot at man
bailing out and I don't think I ever
will"
NaZiS Shoot Our Men.
He added, unhesitatingly, how
ever, that when an enemy para
chutes over Germany territory, he
usually escapes and the Americans
who shoot at him do so to prevent
him getting back into action again.
The German pilots invariably
shoot down all our men they see
parachuting and so do the Japs," "
he defended.
A soft-spoken calm young man
of 25, who said he was really anxious
to get back to his fighter group
Evening star., 1944-09-26
Some Yankee Pilots Shoot
Porochutinq Nozis, SAYS Ace

again after finishing months leave
In the States. he has one Of thu
outstanding air records In the serv.
ice In one engagement on Au'
gust 6, he shot down six planes dur.
ing a dogfight over Germany. Tha'
feat, 1t was believed, has beer
equaled only by Col. Neil E. Kearb,
OF Dallas, Tex, and Second 1t. Muir.
ray j. Shubin of Pittsburgh. Army
fliers in the Pacific, and by 1t
Alexander Vraciu of East Chicago
a Navy pilot in the Pacific.
Maj. Preddys record is all tn.
more unusual, for on another occa.
sion he shot down four planes anc
in other aerial battles got a triple
and double score.
Task for Born Fighter
Only born fighter could pile
up such a record as that, officials
said, especially one who knows how
to keep cool head.
Maj. FREDDY said it was every
pilots dream" to come up broad
side to big enemy formation and
pick EN- off. That's what hap
pened to him on August 8.
He shot down four planes ir
flames and a fifth. whose pilo,
bailed out, in e or minutes" he
explained. Another German plane
got away and he gave chase. That
man was a good pilot and we had q
real dogf1ght," the American said
Finally I went into high spiral
and got him" It took him nearly
8 minutes to do it.
Maj. Freddy has fought the enemy
in the Pacific and over France and
Germany in nearly three years of
war. The German is the better
tactlcian, but the Jap is bolder and
will stick his neck out" was the way
he compared them.
Maj. Predoy went to England in
July, l943, and spent a month or
more "straflng' the enemy during
the invasion of Normandy in sup
port of our ground troops. He has
the Distinguished Service Cross, the
Silver Star, the Distinguished FLYING
Cross with four Oak Leaf Clusters
ana the Air Medal with three Oak
Leaf Clusters. And he wants to get
back quick, he said
Evening star., 1944-09-26
Job Shop Printers
Ask l1U Permission
To Call Strike Here

Union printers in 26 Job shops OF
the District have asked the Inter-
national typographical Union for
permission to declare a strike.
The shops have been operating
without a contract since August II,
according to Jesse Manbeck, presi-
dent of Local l0l, Columbia Typo
graphical Union.
Mr.. ManDecK said the unions con-
tract expired August II and that
under the bylaws of the Interna-
tional the local was required to
wait IS days before voting on a
strike. This period expired Sunday
The international was notified
and Elmer Brown, second vice presi-
Evening star., 1944-09-26

dent Of the iTu, "a on his way here
10 investigate. The Graphic Arts
Association has been given until
noon today 10 accept the proposed
new contract. Failure of the en-
ployer group TO act favorably be-
fore the noon oeaoiine will result In
a strike vote by the 400 members
OF the union. II the International
permits, Mr.. Manbeck said.
He stressed the fact that only
job shops are affected and that
newspaper printers and Government
workers are not included However.
he said. 1t has been claimed by the
employers that 80 per cent of their
work at present is being done for
Government departments
The employer group has made no
statement on It's position.
Evening star., 1944-09-26
Lost PopoI Nuncio
Reported in Puris
BY the Associated Press

Ey the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, Sept. 26.-Msgr
Valerie Valeri, apostolic nuncio Il
Vlchy, and other members of tn,
diplomatic corps representing Popt
Plus XII have arrived in Paris b,
automobile, the Paris radio sale
today.
The French broadcast was re.
ported by the Federal Communi.
cations Commission. Advices from
Vatican City yesterday said Pope
Plus had received no news of Msgr
Valerl since shortly before the lib.
Grafton of the French capital anc
was disturbed by his disappearance
Enakopravnost. [volume] (Cleveland, O.[Ohio]) 1918-1957, 1944-10-12

raj nemogoee, da Sc mi kdaj
posreci beg.
Mas zdravnik, doktor Somer-
ston, je bill zivahen, mlad clo-
vek, in vsak vecer so Sc drugi
oficirji pri MEM zbrali ter kar-
tall. Lekarna, kjer sem priprav-
ljal zdravila, je bila poleg ME
COVE sobe, in skozi majhno O
kence Sc je videlo v njegovo sta
novanje.
Cash, kadar mi je bio dolg-
Gas, sem ugasnil luc v lekarni
ter oprezno stopil k oknu, po-
slusal njihove pogovore ter O.
pazoval igro. To me je kratko-
casilo; kajti dokler sem bill Sc
svoboden, sem tudi rad kartal.
Igrali SO: major solto, stotnik
Morstan, porocnik Brown, XII Sc
poveljevali vojakom domaci'
nom; dalje doktor S a m in Sc
diva ali trije pazniki, - zanimi-
: va, majhna druzba. Toda kmalu
Enakopravnost. [volume] (Cleveland, O.[Ohio]) 1918-1957, 1944-10-12

sre6e nam je bila zaprta. Veil
kansko bogastvo je bilo priprav-
ljeno "a vsakega izned mas, kar
cakalo je, kdaj pridemo ponj,
mi nesrecnezi pa smo sc morali
pustiti brcati in suvati vsakemu
golobrademu oficirju, XII mas je
strazil; morali smo jesti riz, pi-
tt slabo vodo ter opravljati mai
tezja della. To me je grizlo v sr-
ce in skoro bi bill znorel; vendar
pa sem ostal stanoviten, Sc pre-
magoval in cakal ugodne prili-
Ike.
Slednjic Sc mi je zdelo, da je
prisla. Odvedli so me namrec il
Agre v Madras in odtod ma O.
tok Blair, XII je eden izmed An
damanov. Tukaj je bilo lie malo
belih kaznjencev in ker sem sc
spocetka lepo obnasal, sem sc
takoj prikupil visjim. Dobil sem
svojo koco v "Hope-Townu" in
sem bill kar sam sebi prepuscen
Kraj je bill pust, mrzlicen, OK
vznozju gore Harriet. Onstrar
naah nasadov v gozdovih sc
stanovali divji domacini, ljudo
zrci, XII so vedno iskali ugodne
prilike, da bi izstrelili ma mas
katero svojih zastrupljenih pu
scic. Mi kaznjenci smo obdelo
vail polje, kopali jarke, delal
ma vrtovih ter Sc drugih vsako
vrstnih del imeli vsak dan &c;
glavo, zvecer pa smo bill nekoli
ko prosti. Ia prosti cas- sem po
rabil v to, da sem Sc naucil pt
navodilih nasega zdravnika pri
pravlj jati zdravila "a naso lekar
no; tako sem 81 pridobil marsi
kaj te zdravniske ucenosti. Pr
tenn pa sem vedno pail, kdaj 81
mi ponudi prilika ubezati; tod;
otok je oddaljen cd suhe zemlj
vec sto mill, in bilo je torej sko