davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-04-20

ritories during which bombs were
dropped almost continuously at the
average rate of 300 tons an hour.
or five tons a minute.
The Allies in more than 5000
flights between noon Tuesday and
6 p. m. today poured 5000 tons of
bombs on selected German targets
the Americans Gaping the period
with a blow by 1000 heavy bomb
ers and fighters against plane fac
tories and parking fields near Kas-
sci and Hamm in Germany and
installations near Calais in France.
The U. S. Air Forces commu-
nique referred to the offensive as
"the air invasion of Germany"
The more enthusiastic protagonists
of air power in London began
speaking of the possibility OF
breaking the back of the German
air force in two or three weeks
if the weather holds out.
The German air force apparent
ly was driven to the earth today.
Although conditions were ideal for
combat and the American heavies
were ferreting out some OF Ger
many's most vital targets, the Ger
mans put up only a token resis-
lance.
The British for their part drop
ped a record one-night total of
400 tons of bombs last night on
railroad installations near Paris
and elsewhere behind the Nazis'
"Atlantic Wall"
Aerial warfare never before has
witnessed bombardment Of such
sustained volume n d violence,
and the end is nowhere in sight.
Those who have followed the Eu-
ropean air war closely the last
few months feel certain that the
present pace of the attack can not
only maintained, but can be in
creased from British bases aug
mented further from the Italian
theater.
The Allied 3O-hour offensive cost
less than one per cent of the at
lacking force.
All today's operations cost six
bombers and two i 6 h e r s, the
American communique said. This
brought total U. S. and R. A. F.
losses for the entire around-the-
clock onslaughts to AZ bonoers and
seven fighters.
The Americans today reported
they shot down 81 of the small
forces of German fighters that
rose to meet them.
The three most recent phases
of the invasion offensive saw about
1000 American and 1000 British
bombers of the heaviest types
launched against Germany's prim-
est targets-her aircraft installa-
lions and key railroad centers up
on which her armies depend to
supply hundreds of miles of the for
titled western coast. The remain
der of the 6OO0-odd invasion sor-
ties were made by fighters, fight
er-bombers and medium bombers.
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-04-20
Continued on Page Three; Col. p

LONDON, April 19-R-Nazi
Propaganda Minister Paul Joseph
Goebbels addressed an unusual ap-
peal to the German people tonight
to rally behing Adolf Hitler, who
celebrates his 55th birthday tomor-
row, reminding them that "even
the greatest leaders Of history will
be faced with occasional setbacks
and defeats"
In a similar but more restrained
order of the day to the German
army on the occasion of the Hitler
birthday, Marshal Hermann Will
helm Goering called for steady
loyalty to Hitler even though "a
thousand dangers may lie ahead
The Goebbels message seemed
significant in its implications. The
Berlin radio broadcast more than
1000 words of an address it said
the propaganda chief delivered on
the eve Of Hitler's birthday at the
German state opera house in Ber-
lin, dwelling throughout on the diff
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-04-20
AFL, Clio DEMAND
PRICE CONTROLS

WASHINGTON, April 49, tR -
The AFL and the CLIO got together
long enough today to demand joint
ly that price controls be continued
intact and that wages and prices
be brought back to their Septem-
Is, 1912, relationship and tied
there.
These two great factions of or
ganized labor heretofore have
joined forces ma major matter
only in the instance o labor's no.
strike pledge to the President.
William Green, president of the
AFL, told the Senate Banking
Committee that IT am authorized
to submit in behalf of the .
organizations named" these rec
concentrations:
That Congress pass the pending
OPA extension bill Intact, with
adequate funds for enforcement. "
That Congress extend OPA's ra-
tioning 'of essential civilian goods
and prevent extortionate profiteer-
ing which is precipitating the in
flationary rise in living COSTS
That "a restoration of the re-
lationships between prices and
wages which existed September
Is, 1912, is absolutely essential tc
make the law work equitably and
build the morale of American
workers to the highest degree Of
efficiency"
This last point was stressed yes.
terday by CLIO President Philip
Murray who told the committee
that living costs have far outstrip
ped wages and that new hold
the-line position against initiation
is needed adjusted to permit
wage raises.
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-04-20
BILL
IS RE-APPR0VED
House Votes 1884 Il To
Continue Aid Program
Another Year

WASHINGTON, April 10. R -
The House voted today 1884 to 81,
to extend the $4,000, 900, 900 lend
lease program another year but
warily wrote into the law curb
on the Presidents power to take
on any postwar obligations for the
nation.
Proponents, in the three-day de-
bate, described the lend-lease idea
as one of the most magnificent
weapons of warfare" devised by
the United States in behalf of
friendly countries.
A small segment attacked the
handling of lendlease, implying
that Britain and other nations got
all the benefits and Rep. Elmer
(R-Mo.) declared that there isn't
a country in the world that won't
cut our threats if it gets the
chance" He said also that mot
nickel of lend-lease aid ever
will come back to the United
States.
There was no political division
on the question, however, for the
measure came unanimously from
the Foreign Affairs Committee and
its most vocal supporters included
Republicans as well as Democrats
The measure now goes to the Sen
ate.
Stronger opposition to the pro-
gram was reflected in today's q
gram was reflected in today's q
negative votes than at the time
it was voted upon last year. Al
that time, the tally was 407 to
with one member, Rep. Elmer
(R-Mo.) voting present.
All q against the extension this
CONTINUED on Page Three; Col. 5.
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-04-20
four-Engined Bombers
Blast Nomoi Islands,
In Caroline Group

ALLIED HEADQUARTERS, IN
S so Pacific, Thursday, April
~ w. R -Four-engined Liberators
yaSed in the solomons bombed the
solhol islands in the Carolines for
We second successive day Monday
s eliu again met neither anti-aircraft
A ta nor opposition from enemy in
;;slceptors at that southern guar
''4 OF their Truk fortress.
~ llylhg at medium altitude over
VIC target, the big bombers saw
f. humber of Japanese planes in
bo he ar but they failed to give
sr VI tuesday an unopposed bomb
w.. lorce hit Woleai, far to the
in es' IN the Carolines, concentrat'
w.; ns on the airdrome and supply
A,ss4,Iallauons, Gen. Douglas Mac
"iuf announced today.
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-04-20
British Relief Expedition Cracks
Kohima Siege Lines; Invaders Hi
FINAL DRIVE IS NEAR
Japs Driven From Three
Positions Northeast OF
lmphal
By THOBURN WANT

HANDY, Ceylon, April 19.-R-
A British relief expedition from
Dimapur has cracked the Kohlma
siege lines and tank-supporteo
British and Indian troops have
blasted japanese invasion forces
from three positions northeast OF
Imphal, 60 miles south of Kohima,
it was announced today
Breaking through series of OBJ
stacles, British troops advancing
southeastward from the railway
line at Dimapur established con-
tact with British and Indian troops
who had been surrounded in the
Kohima "Bo'' so miles inside In
dia, and preparations for a final
Continued on Page Three: Col. y
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-04-20
TOP 'AA' GENERAL
SEES CAMP DAVIS

CAMP DAVIS, April 19.-Rocket
targets blazed across the sky here
last night and antiaircraft artil-
terymen shattered the darkness
with heavy gunfire in special de-
monstration of blackout accuracy
before Major General Joseph A..
Green, the man who conceived the
rocket target three years ago.
General Green, commanding gen
eral Of the Antiaircraft Command,
ended three-day visit to this
center of AA training today. Dur
ing his stay he was the guest OF
bflgadler General c. V. R. Schuy'
ler' commanding genera, of the
Antlalrcraft Artillery Training Cen
Ter at Camp Davis, and of Col.
Farry W. Lewis, president, Anti
aircraft Artillery Board.
Rocket targets, which have TO-
cuSed the national military spot
lsht on Camp Davis in recent
weeks, were conceived by General
Green in l94l, when he saw an In
iantry division making effective
uSe OF mortar fire on maneuvers.
ne asked the National Defense Re-
sedfch council to construct rock
Ct that would resemble dive.
ovmolng airplane and outlined the
HanS ne had in mind.
Although rocket. targets have
oeen in use by AA gunners since
10f more than two years, they
aaVe only recently been available
'oF public information.
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-04-20
JURY
WILL Be CHOSEN

WASHINGTON. April 10 Up -
Justice Edward Eicher ordered an
immediate start today on selection
of a Jury for the trial Of 80 persons
charged with conspiring with the
Nazis against American Democra-
CIV. over defense objections that
the panel had been subjected to
'intimidating" investigation.
The court issued the ruling aft
er directing immediate arraign-
ment of Edward James Smythe'
the 3Oth defendant who was ar
rested yesterday at Au Sable
Forks, New York, and boosting
snythe's bond to $4,000.
Srnythe's counsel, o h j.
Laughlin, had sought to delay the
arraignment so he could confer
with his client before Smythe en-
tered plea. He said he had not
seen the defendant since he was re-
tanned as counsel. He also wanted
sn,ythe's bond of 1000, forfeited
when the defendant failed to APP
pear Monday, restored. The court
answer to that was the ten-fold
boost.
On advice Of counsel, Smythe
who testified he had not known
the court was to start this week
stood mute at arraignment and the
court ordered a plea OF lnnoccn
entered for him.
Another major engagement ap
parently still is to be fought be
fore actual picking of jurymen car
begin. -.
Newsmen starting back into tn
courtroom after the recess whlc'
followed Justice Eicher's denial 0
the motion to throw out the jury
were denied admission by deput'
marshals who said they would o.
excluded while the jurors are ex
amined. /.
Court was adjourned until to
morrow while that was gong on
and reporters entering the court
roon found defense attorneys eau
cusing on a joint protest based o.
the contention that fair trial can
not be had without full press rep
resentation.
The United States Marshal cam
in at that time with the statemen
that his deputy had been In erro
in excluding reporters and that to
rnorrow's proceedings would go o
before Representatives. of tn
press.
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-04-20
TAR HEELS NAMED
TO TOBACCO BODY
Experts Will Aid OPA
With Problems Affect
ing Leaf Marketing
BY HOWARD SUBTLE
Star-NeWs Washington Bureau

WASHINGTON, April 19.-Four
North Carolina tobacco experts
were today named to a q member
Burley Tobacco advisory commit
tee of the Office of Price Admin
istration.
Harry B. Caldwell, of Greens
boro, Master of the North Caro-
lima State Grange; J. w. Glenn,
vice president of the R. j. Rey-
nolds Tobacco company, and Arch
B Taylor, secretary of the Tay-
lor Brothers, both of Winston-Sa-
lem; and James I. Miller, of Will
son, head of the tobacco firm bear
ing his name, were the North Car
olinians included in the group, Sc
lected Sin line with OPA's policy
of seeking the advice, and con-
sulting with experienced industri-
alists when problems affecting the
pricing and marketing of their
products arise.
Burley tobacco is the second
largest ingredient in domestic Gig
aretts and the largest ingredient
used in manufa cture of pipe to-
bacco.
The OPA, in announcing the
committee, said its members rep
resent large and small manufac-
turers", that their interests COW
er the handling of Burley Tobac-
co, from its harvesting to its pro-
cessing, including the sale at auc-
ton, redrying and stemming of the
leaf. Thus, it was pointed out
that the group represents approx
imately 100000 growers, 225 ware
housemen, At dealers and about
167 manufactu
Other members of the commit
tee are: Virginia-John G. Boat
wright, of Danville; K. R. Ed
wards, of Richmond; H. Aubrey
Ford, Writ H. Hatcher and R. c.
Harrison, all of Richmond Ten
nesse-B. H. Leming and John
Bernard, both of Greenville; John
Jewell of Franklin; W. W. Gill,
of Petersburg; and J. G. Dean
of Knoxville. Kentucky - W. c.
Bethea and E. J. OBrien, Jr.,
both of Louisville; w. S. Moss
Horse McAve, J. C Stone, Frank
Vaughn John L Buckley, Frank
C. Taylor and H. C. Robinson, al
of lexington; and Alex Calvert, o.
Maysville. New York City,. H
Peak and w. A. Blount. Penn.
sylvania - T. F. Flanagan, o.
Wilkes-B erre
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-04-20
Nazi Party Leaders Urge German
People To Rally Behind Fuehrer

Consider ourselves engaged in
the fuehrers historic mission. For
us the war aims are not only
clearly defined but unalterable. So
to serve our aims means to be
loyal to the fuehrer and to follow
him through all the storms of war.
Xxx
'It is difficult to remain true to
the cause in a continuous embit-
tered fight for the life of nation :"
For Germans who might wonder
how Hitler personally is reacting
to the current trend of the war,
Goebbels gave this picture:
II have been with him Hitler)
in happy and critical hours. The
fuehrer has always remained the
same. I have never seen him des-
perate or undecided. xxx
1.-THE fuehrer as the man at the
helm has weathered all storms. x
x The fuehrer has never been
so dear to us as in moments of
greatest danger. Xxx X
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-04-20
HISTORIC DANUBE
MINED BY ALLIES

ALLIED HEADQUARTERS.
Naples, April 19-0N-The strain
on battered and overloaded Nazi
communications supplying Ger
man forces on the southern Rus
sian front was disclosed today to
have been increased tremendously
by the mining Of 300 miles of the
Danube River, historic and all-im-
portant commercial lifeline of
southeastern Europe.
British bombers spent several
nights dropping mines along the
river and shooting up vessels from
Budapest to Bucharest. The Axis
radio announced that all traffic
had been halted on the great
waterway.
Continued on Page Seven; Col. y
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-04-20
WARREN SELECTED
AS COP KEYNOTER

CHICAGO, April 10 -0PD The
Republicans called on tall hand
some Gov. Earl Warren of Cali
fornia today to sound the keynote
for their June nominating conven-
ton in an apparent bid for West
Coast support in the November
election.
Warren, 53-year-old veteran lea
der of the California Republican
organization, was the unanimous
choice of the party's 24-member
ARRANGEMENTS committe for the
temporary chairman and keynote-'.
House Minority Leader Joseph
Martin of Massachusetts, was re-
commended as permanent chair
man, a post the convention itself
officially fills. Backed by National
Chairman Harrison E. Spangle1'
and Walter Hallanan, chairman OF
the arrangements group, Warren
was chosen after the names OF a
dozen other candidates had been
brought before the committee S
closed session.
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-04-20

STOCKHOLM, Thursday, April
20-0R)-The government has in.
formed the Swedish parliament in
secret session it would reject the
U. S.-British request that it halt
ball bearing exports to Germany,
the newspaper Dagens Nyheter
said today.
The paper said the reply had
not yet been transmitted to Wash
ington and London, however.
The Swedish parliament is re-
ported to have approved unani-
mously the decision by the Swedish
cabinet, the Swiss radio said in a
broadcast recorded by CHS.
GA Swedish ban upon the ship
ment to the Axis of ball-bearings,
and machinery and materials for
the bearings, was asked
by the United States in a recent
note.
Refusal to halt the shipments
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-04-20
laziis Launch
New Drives In
Old Poland
IN THE SOUTHEAST
nd Communique Fails To
Announce Any Notable
Soviet Advance

LONDON. Thursday, April 90
Ia The Germans, lashing out
.,,celv to save their big base at
1row have launched a large
L 'olo attack in the southeastern
M ssrner of old Poland, and some
. .y, have changed hands south
g wv cast of Stanislawow, the Rus
snr announced last night, but de-
.lsrpd the enemy was repulsed.
The Soviet communique, which
nv tbe first time in weeks did not
.ocord some notable Red army ad-
vance said that in the Crimea
tbp Germans launched several
vain counter-a attacks on the Sevas-
opol-Simferopol highway, but the
Russians gained several strongly
tortifed defense centers around
seyastopol itself, notably Fedyuk-
bry heights, south of Inke~man
about five miles from the center
If the city. Many of the enemy
we're slain and many captured as
+be survivors were pressed mex
orably back against the sea, the
Russians reported.
The Sevastopol battle took on
more and more the character OF
siege, however. The Russians
announced they were heavily she'll
ng German positions there.
On the Bessarabian front the
Russians reported they took sew
eral populated places and enlarg-
ed their bcidgeheads on the west
bank of the Dnestr river in the
Chisinau area, killing 300 Of the
enemy and beating off German at
tempts to regain lost ground.
These successes. however, were
subordinated by the communique,
which frankly began: "On April
49, east and south of the town of
Stanislawow, our troops fought the
enemy, repulsing attacks by large
tank and infantry forces"
A news dispatch from Moscow
said the offensive appeared to be
strong, well-organized and sys-
tematic attack by Germans and
Hmga-ians designed to stave off
a drive in the wow direction NV
troops of Marshal Gregory K.
Zhukovs First Ukrainian Army.
A secondary purpose would be
TO try to keep the Russians from
driving on through the Czechoslo.
yak frontier passes that they
reached April 8.
lWoW, 10 miles northwest OF
StaniSlawow, is a railway junction
and German base already under
heavy attack by the Red air force.
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-04-20
SECRETARY ICKES
BACKS UNIV CHIEF
Says Miners Should Be
Paid Travel Time Money
Immediately

WASHINGTON, April 49, tR -
Secretary Ickes took issue today
with implications of UNIV Chief
John L. Lewis recent public de-
mand for prompt payment of min
ers' travel time money and eau
toned a meeting of UNIV repre-
sentatives and soft coal operators
against ''bull heauedness, unre-
strained exercise of lurid vocabu-
laries. or greed and over reach
ing on any side of the table,"
Ickes, who has been chief oper-
ator of the mines since last Nov
ember 8 under an agreement with
the United Mine Workers presi-
dent, said he believed the miners
were entitled to prompt payment
of the $40 per man as retroactive
travel time but that Lewis public
statements ''necessitate cla7ifl-
cation of the ISSUE"
Ickes said he has told the oper-
ators they should, as matter of
equity, make the payment prompt
ly but that he is powerless to order
payment because the liability COW
ers a period of non-government
operation.
Lewis and more than 70 per
cent of the industry have agreed
on $40 settlement for last April,
May and June, but provision for
this payment is single item in
an integrated contract which the
War Labor Board has delayed act
ing upon for other reasons.
The Interior Secretary said WLB
Chairman William H. Davis has
advised that he saw no objection
Continued nm Page Seven. Col. a.
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-04-20
CUT in CABARET
TAX IS SOUGHT

WASHINGTON, April 19.-RAA
movement developed in Congress
today to take some of the war
time tax load off of fun with Rep.
Knutson (R.-Minn.) introducing a
bill to cut the cabaret tax from
80 to 10 per cent.
Knutson declared that the stiff
levy imposed April l was putting
thousands of entertainers out of
work and closing night clubs. By
the claw of diminishing returns,
he added, it also is causing a re-
duction in revenue. Before April
l when new wartime levies be-
came effective, the cabaret tax
was per cent of the patrons bill.
The writing House Ways and
Means Committee, meantime, ten
Continued on Page Three; Col. p
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-04-20
Soldiers Will Soon
Get Wooden Sleeping
Bag, Replacing Covers

PHILADELPHIA, April 1e.-R-
A wooden sleeping bag soon will be-
come regular issue to American
troops in the field, replacing olan-
kets, the Philadelphia Quartermas-
ter Depot announced today.
Brig. Gen. Roland Walsh, COM
handing general of the depot, said
the bags, now being procured, Will
be equal in warmth and protec-
ton to two regulation blankets
but will consume less space than
one in a soldiers pack.
The sleeper's head fits INSIDE d
specially designed top, Walsh salo'
and the bags slider is arranged So
that quick release is possible IN
emergencies.
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-04-20
ENGLAND RAIDED

LONDON, April 10. - R -
German planes stabbed at Eng
land tonight for the second Sue
cessive night but avoided Lon
don's bristling defenses, which
claimed 13 raiders in a pre-
dawn attack earlier today.
Bombs fell in three districts In
Southeast England.
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-04-20
Greatest Sustained Aerial
Assault Of War Developed
By u. S., British Bombers
TOKEN OPPOSITION
Five Tons OF Bombs Per
Hour Fall On Hitler's
Tottering Europe

LONDON, April 1e,-tR-Ameri-
can and British warplanes devel-
oped the greatest sustained aerl-
al assault of the war today, round
ing out a 30-hour offensive against
Germany and Nazi-occupied ter
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-04-20
Sweden Believed Ready
TO Reject y. S. Request

apparently will be made s
grounds of national securit .
In the Swedish view the
reprisals from Germany e S.
we'd, whereas the Anglo - -.
demarche was not OF a ~ IS. 6
character involving II s.
termeasures in the &
failed to heed tn, =
The Dagens Ny. y
ment also was infol.4 e
Swedish government il, to
protest England's action r.. ,rict-
ing diplomatic mail, movement of
personnel and safe-conduct air
travel.
The newspaper added, it was
''most likely" there would be no
countermeasures taken by Sweden.
Parliament also was understood
to have received an hour-long re-
port on the Finnish-Russian peace
question.
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-04-20
FORECAST

NORTH CAROLINA: Cloudy and mild
thursday with scattered showers and
thundershowers.
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-04-20

Continued on Page Three; Col. p
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-11-22
The Literary Guidepost

edge of basic subjects and coun-
seled him generally.
Mentor was of Scottish back
ground, and a man of principle.
It is not much use to outline his
career, since Miss Duncan and Mr..
Nichols have done it in detail, but
there is some point to showing how
far Graham could 60 in support OF
his favorite. Toward the end of the
'fifties the situation in Illinois be-
tween abolitionists and copperheads
was more strained than most peo-
pie know. Copperheads were in con-
troll generally, and although Scots
are rarely radical, they could in
those days follow principle relent-
lessly, so that sometimes t h e y
were radical in effect - as was
Mentor.
Some of his principles" were
not too important; he was a IA
matte about separating well a d
sick hogs. But also, he used to
go into Petersburg and stalk about
the business district daring any,
body to say a derogatory word
about Lincoln; he was seldom chal-
lenged, either. He supported Lin
coin against the world, he gloried
in each small success, and when
al last Lincoln was inaugurated, he
called Mentor to the platform, and
Mentor went.