davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-12-04
(There are 2I6 Stars on The
National Bank Of Detroit Service
Flog-Six are Cold)

~In all time Of our distress
and our deiiperdHce, too
the game is more than the
player Of the game and the
shin is more than the crei1.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-12-04

The Detroit lines has far more
nationally famous features than
any other Detroit newspaper.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-12-04
Medals and Modesty

-. Captain Smith writes that he
never saw n more heroic action.
According to his letters to his
mother, Mrs. Georgins Smith,
that is no surprise, for he insists
no man had been in less danger
than he. His medals, clusters and
citations do not agree with that.
His mother sees through the
kindly deception. His father is q
c. p. o. in the Navy and his only
brother is In the Army. Mrs.
Smith thought this story of the
little waist gunner might put
some good ideas into the hearts
and the heads Of bond buyers in
this Sixth War Loan.
A NJ Jr
Evening star., 1944-08-13
Victory in the Muriunus

Within 19 days after the initial
landings on Guam, Admiral Nimitz
Is able to announce the collapse of
all organized japanese resistance,
Beyond its symbolical significance
the regaining of the first American
soil captured by the enemy after the
attack on Pearl Harbor-this victory
is OF foremost Importance because it
virtually completes the conquest of
the Marianas and foreshadows heavy
new thrusts elsewhere, hitting hard
at the vitals of Japan proper.
The Marianas campaign began
less than two months ago when our
American forces stormed the bloody
beaches of SSipan. Since then, in
their suicidally futile efforts to hold
on, the japanese, besides losing at
least 81 ships and $50 planes, have
lost about 10000 troops killed. At
last report, our own losses, though
bitter on any scale, were relatively
light-199 planes and approximately
5000 men killed and missing. Saipan,
where at least 10000 of the enemy
died, accounted for about IS per
cent of our American casualties, our
conquest Of Tinian and Guam being
accomplished at much less cost, even
Evening star., 1944-08-13
SUNDAY, August l3, 1914
Our Army Meets the Test

One of the most heartening
aspects of the war is the way our
Army is performing in France. It's
all-around excellence is abundantly
attested, not only by American and
Allied technical observers, but also,
grudgingly, by qualified German
spokesmen. Since D-day our SOL
diers have passed through a variety
of tests, from bitterly contested
beach landings and hedgerow COM
bats to siege operations and, finally,
to sweeping mechanical offensives
on the grand scale. In all these
operations the ratio of performance
has been high in every department,
from staff work and logiStics to
combat showing of line officers and
men.
This high uniform average sur
passes expectations and compares
very favorably with the record of
the AEF in France generation
ago. Our soldiers in World War l
showed their traditional courage
and ingenuity, but they lacked train
ing and their equipment left some
thing to be desired Those lessons
were taken to heart by our high
command. Despite crucial lack of
armament and experienced person.
mel when our Army was suddenly
expanded with the passage Of the
Selective Service Act four years ago,
a system of intensive training for
both officers and men had been
formulated and was rigidly adhered
to-. Thanks to the start made before
Pearl Harbor, the foundations of a
first-clasS modern Army had been
laid when we were suddenly faced
with a two-front war on a global
scale.
The first battles were not fought
by the new Army, but by the old,
regular establishment, plus some
National Guard units recently sent
to the Far East. Subsequent Far
Eastern operations were fought
mainly with specially trained marine
forces. Even in North Africa and
Italy our troops, were restricted in
numbers and, to considerable eX-
tent, were selected from those with
longest training Normandy was the
first time a full-scale American
Army group campaigned against
commensurate German forces on
what amounted to their own
grounds. The results of that expert
ment are being reflected in the
varied series of successes won under
adverse conditions Of many kinds.
They give promise that the eventual
triumph of our mass forces in Eu-
rope will be followed by similar vic
tories in the Far East and the
Pacific when Germanys collapse will
enable US to concentrate our land
as we'll as our sea and air forces
against the japanese foe
Evening star., 1944-08-13
Railroads Under Fire

The current anti-railroad cam
paign of the Department of Justice,
carrying a threat of trust law prose-
cution to the Western lines, becomes
a vehicle for the revival of charges
against the rate-making procedure
of the carriers. These were disputed
vigorously by spokesmen for the
shipping interests, Of the country
and the Interstate Commerce Com
mission at congressional hearings
a year ago, when this subject was
under consideration.
The department is attacking rate
bureaus through which, for fifty
years, the railroads have taken joint
action in establishing freight rates,
alleging they are crushing competi-
tion and driving industry out of the
West and South. Answering like
charge last year before the Sem
ate Interstate Commerce Committee
when department spokesmen were
pressing legislation to regulate the
bureaus, the late Joseph B. Eastman
of the ICC, one of the foremost
transportation authorities in the
United States, had this to say:
II believe this hearing will demon
strate that such complaint as there
is has its source, not in the shippers
of the country, but in the lawyers
and economists of the Department
of Justice"
A spokesman for the National In
dustrial Traffic League, representing
all classes of industry, told the COM
mittee:
Generally speaking, the conduct
of the railroad-rate bureaus in their
dealings with the shippers has been
satisfactory Similar views were
expressed by other shipping repre-
sentatives. The legislation is still
hanging fire.
Earlier, when the department was
proposing to institute criminal pro-
ceedings against large number of
railroad and motor carrier rate
bureaus, under the Sherman Act,
Mr. Eastman and the War and Navy
Departments protested, asserting
such action was unwarranted and
Evening star., 1944-08-13

designed to hurt the war effort.
They excepted from this defense q
single instance where coercive rate
fixing was alleged in the motor
carrier field.
AS a result, the contemplated
proceedings were dropped, but in
speeches within the past few days,
Assistant Attorney General Wendell
Berge AND Attorney General Biddle
have announced that action is to be.
started.
Railroad spokesmen characterize
the latest agitation as a smear"
inspired by political motives Ger
tainly, on the record thus far dis
closed, the Department of Justice is
yet to make its case.
Evening star., 1944-08-13

though these islands were strongly
garrisoned and although Guam is
almost three times the size of SaipAn.
Added to Tinian and saipan,
Guam. with one of the finest harbors
in that part Of the world, carries
us forward to the inner defense
area Of the Japanese. With these
three key islands of the Marianas
firmly in our hands. any number Of
new offensive possibilities are opened
up. Our submarines can slash out
more fiercely than ever at the en-
emy's vital north-south supply line.
Tokyo is brought within range of
our bombers from yet another direc-
ton. And. with the overwhelming
power concentrated in the Central
Pacific under Admiral Nimitz's COM
mand, bold new amphibious ad-
vances may be made at any moment.
Never have the war lords of Japan
had more reason to worry. They do
not know where the next American
blow will fall; they have only to look
at the map to realize that it can fall
almost anywhere. Nor are they likely
to see anything but the darkest Of
implications in the recent Roosevelt
Nimitz Macarthur conference at
Pearl Harbor.
Indeed, with Guam as it's climax,
the victory in the Marianas seems
clearly to mark the beginning of a
new phase in the Pacific war-a
phase in which all American forces
in all sectors, from north to south,
will be in position to act in concert
to sweep the japanese from all areas
of the ocean back to their home
islands. The Marianas campaign,
together with General MacArthur's
operations in the Southwest may
thus be regarded as the big prelimi-
nary to much bigger things to come.
AS such, it will undoubtedly live in
history as a classic example of a
decisive amphibiouS offensive carried
out with brilliance and bravery of a
sort never excelled in this or any
other war.
Evening star., 1944-08-13
Fifty Years Ago

The first page Of The Star for August
!, 1894, announced the death of one
of the most myste-
Strange Choroeter rious characters of
Deoorts his time-Joseph
Holt, Postmaster
General and Secretary of War under
President Buchanan and Judge Advocate
General of the Army by appointment OF
President Lincoln from 1862 to 1875.
Especially in the last named of these
several positions. his behavior was
sharply criticized. The objects of his
zest for military trial of civilians in
cluded the associates of John Wilkes
Booth, particularly Mrs. Surratt: Henry
Wirz. the keeper of Libbey prison, and
potentially Jefferson Davis and other
Confederate leaders. Modern his
torians charge that gross perjury was
employed in his endeavors to get con-
victions. On the other hand, The Stars
obituary article says: Beneath what
was regarded by many as a severe and
austere exterior (there waS the heart
Of q philanthropist."
In Lyons. France, the trial OF Cesario
Santo for the murder of President Car
not opened on August 2,
Anorchist 1894, and The Star for
Trial that date reported the
proceedings at consider
able length. In the course of his testi-
mony, the prisoner at the bar told the
court: Y am an anarchist and I hate
the bourgeois. society and the heads
of the state" He also expressed 4
burning detestation for the Premier and
King of Italy. but added that he could
not kill them because they are not
together at any time" OF course, the
assassin was convicted.
Half a century ago. as in other years
between wars, the District of Columbia
had its youth problem.
Juvenile An editorial in The
n.,:...,-, Star for August 4.
1894, declared: idle
boys are too common on the streets of
this city, and worthless boys are be-
coming far too plentiful for the good
of the community" A possible solution
was suggested in the words: Hundreds
Of such youngsters will gladly take ad-
vantage of a nearby opportunity to ac-
quaint themselves with the mysteries of
seamanship and for that reason an ef-
fort should be made to secure from
the Navy Department q suitable ves-
sci - : which could be anchored in the
Potomac and on board Of which the
process of making American sailors
could be satisfactorily carried on. d"
Why may not Washington have .
school-ship?'
A despatch from New York TO The
Star for August 6, 1894. explained:
Passengers ar
Trouble in Crespos irving today by
Country tne stea m er
Venezuela, from
Venezuelan ports. bring news that the
revolutionary feeling throughout Vene-
zuela seems to be increasing. The
presence Of three ex-Presidents at Cura-
Gao. where they have been for some
months past, and who are said to be
IN sympathy with the revolutionary
cause. and the fact that . number Of
people from different states In Vsnesuela
Evening star., 1944-08-13
Share the Humble
BY the Req. DR.. John Tracy Ellis,
Associate Professor of american Church History
Catholic University of America

In an audience which ]. G. Hooker,
acting secretary Of the American
Legation in Rome, had with Pope
Plus TX in the spring Of 1866, the
Pope expressed his Joy at the con-
clusion of the Civil War in the United
States, and he took occasion to quote
to Mr.. Hooker the words of Virgil:
Remember thou, o Roman, to spare
the humble and subdue the proud"
Although Grant doubtless never
heard Of the incident, yet when one
recalls his generous conduct to the
defeated Lee at Appomattox Court
House on April 9 of that year, 1t is
pleasant to be reminded that some
thing Of the spirit of the old Roman
poet was present at the surrender.
However, the struggle in which
America is now engaged has displayed
few Of the basically Christian episodes
which marked the close OF the War
Between the States. AS We begin to
discern the dim outline of the day
when peace again will return to
anguished mankind, there Is also
heard with increasing frequency de-
mands for retribution upon those
regarded as responsible for the uni
versal disaster Such demands are
natural and, insofar as they are
directed against those clearly guilty
for bringing on and continuing the
war, they are within She limits Of
the moral law. Yet, there is q very
real danger in these demands, 4
danger that this long frustrated de-
sire for just retribution will turn to
stark revenge and will overflow the
limits Of justice and wreak itself
upon the innocent who were but
hapless victims OF immoral rulers.
Americans are proud Of being thought
a charitable people; they take pride
In the fact that their country Sacri-
flced lives and resources in 19l7-l8
for what the Nation believed at the
time to be right, and that it sought
no vengeance or gain when the
treaties Of peace were written In 1919.
II Americans often have shown this
magnanimity, this sense of Christian
charity, and this manifestation of
justice to peoples Of other lands, then
1t Is because America has kept to
the foundations of belief in frater-
nal charity based on the teaching of
Christ which was part OF its BIRTH
right as Nation
No man of sound sense would ad-
vance any plea that the war criminals
should escape punishment for their
deeds when these are proven in the
proper fashion. But in our eager
ness to subdue the proud We must
guard against the tendency that
would overwhelm the humble. Sum-
ner Welles in his thoughtful book,
The Time for Decision" has put the
problem in a well balanced way when
he wrote: The treatmAAt accorded
Germany by the United Nations when
their victory is won shouA be neither
Draconian nor vengeful 1t should
be formulated, however. in the light
OF the stark reality that Germany
has twice within a quarter of
century brought war and devastation
to mankind" One of the surest guar
antees OF a lasting peace is that 1t
be based upon the moral law and the
precepts of Christ, and yet the moral
law cannot be sustained II the voice
Evening star., 1944-08-13
Capital Sidelights
Bu Will P. Kennedy.

Impressive tribute to the dictionary
was paid in radio address as long ago
as 1923 by Representative David j.
o'Connen Of New York, himself a book
publisher and president of the Booksell-
ers' League.
Declaring that a dictionary is liter
ally invaluable he pointed out that 1T
contains our whole language between its
covers, with all the infinite possibilities
in the way of expression that our Ian
guage-by far the richest in the world
holds for each and all of us You will
remember Lincolns love for the diction-
ary, which he valued next to the Bible
His study Of the dictionary is admirably
exemplified in his wonderful little ad-
dress at Gettysburg. No man, whatever
his educational advantages. could have
said what he had to say better or more
admirably. The dictionary studied in
moments of leisure will give you q grip
on words that will help you in every
walk of life, and that will literally be the
making of you in many professions and
lines of business"
Representative OConnell concluded:
Remember, q man Is what he thinks,
and he cannot think well and to the
point without vocabulary with which
to think. Study your language then
and there is no study more genuinely
fascinating-and learn to use 1t as an
instrument with which to carve out sue
cess"
'Jeff' Davis chair in the Senate, mu-
tilated by Union soldiers the night war
was declared between the States. was
salvaged from q rubbish heap in the
basement Of the Capitol and preserved
as historic relic by Senator Milton s.
Latham. q Democratic member from
California, who greatly admired his Mis-
missippi colleague, temporarily Presi-
dent of the Confederacy. He kept its
location a secret. known only to men,
oers of his immediate family. until his
death in 1882. and they kept the secret
for another "a years
Senator Latham earlier served one
term in the House before coming to the
upper branch of Congress. He was born
in Columbus. Ohio educated in Jeffer-
son College, Pa; taught school in Rus
sell County, Ala: practiced law in Sac
ramento and had been clerk of the
Recorders Court in San Francisco. Be-
tween his service In the House and his
election to the Senate he had been COL
lector of the Port of San Francisco and
Governor of California.
Evening star., 1944-08-13
The Quebec Elections

The provincial elections just held
in Quebec have a twofold signifi-
canoe. They re-emphasize the sep
aratism of French Canada and they
deal heavy blow at the continu-
ance of the Liberal administration
of the Dominion headed by Prime
Minister Mackenzie King
Canada is obviously passing
through rapid political evolution,
wherein the traditional two-party
system seems to be breaking down.
The classic lineup has been between
Liberals and Conservatives, with
French-speaking Quebec the main
stay OF the Liberal party and Eng
disappearing Ontario the Conserva-
tive stronghold. The traditional
pattern was cracked during the last
war, when French Canada virtually
rebelled against all-out participa-
tion and the then dominant Con-
servative party handled Quebec
roughly. That led to a separatist
movement among the French whose
extreme wing looked to the secession
of Quebec from the Dominion and
the establishment of purely French
and essentially anti-British state.
This extremist fringe is today rep
resented by the party known as the
Bloc Populaire.
Such an ideal is virtually seces-
sionist. 1t has never appealed to
more than small minority of
French Canadians. The majority,
realizing Quebec's favored status
under the British North America
Act, has preferred to remain the
bulwark of the Liberal party, much
as our Solid South has (at least
until currently done with the Dem
ocratic party. But the present war
has strained Quebecs allegiance to
Dominion Liberalism. Just as in the
last war, Quebec has fought Domin-
ion conScriptiOn for overseas service
tooth and nail. The upshot has been
the appearance of an intermediate
party, known as the Union Ma
tionale, which has opposed the Sc
ceSsionist ideas of the Bloc Populaire
but has upheld Quebec separatism
within Dominion Federation.
The current elections testify to
the appeal OF separatism to the
Quebec electorate The Liberals have
lost their comfortable majority in
the Quebec legislature, being re-
duced from SO to 80 seats, whereas
the Union Rationale has increased
from IS to 46-a majority of one.
The secessionist Bloc Populaire has
only four seats to its credit.
The result is resounding defeat
for the Liberals in Quebec-its ira
ditional stronghold. simultaneously
in Western Canada it is being sub
merged beneath the economic radi-
calism of two new parties-the so
cial Creditors" of Alberta, advocat-
ing program of easy money" and
a Semi-Socialistic movement known
as the Cooperative Commonwealth
Federation, which recently swept
the prairie province Of Saskatche-
wan. Caught between the French
NationaliSm of Quebec and the rad
icalism of the prairie West, the Lib
eral party is seemingly in a tough
spot. But the Conservative party
has likewise been undermined even
in its Ontario citadel The political
future of the Dominion is thus in
the melting pot.
Evening star., 1944-08-13

Of hatred and violence Is allowed to
dominate and bring Wholesale re-
preston Of entire peoples. Therefore,
America in the coming months, must
be on the alert against the dictates Of
vengeance SO that in the terms which
impose the peace the humble among
the fallen foe may be spared while,
at the same time, the proud are
subdued.
1t. OF course, Is not possible to
measure the suffering Of any one
people during the present war, but all
fair-minded men will agree that few
nations have suffered more than
Poland. And yet to the stalwart
sons of Poland there was spoken
words Of conciliation toward their
enemies when on July 28 Pope Plus
XII received some 500 Polish soldiers,
headed by Gen. Kazimierz Sosnkow-
ski, commander in chief of the Polish
forces. The Pope said to the Polish
soldiers
knowing as we know the noble
heart OF your people. we are con-
vinced that love OF Christ will in
splre you to do what already polit-
1cal wisdom suggests that you do.
Inls love will raise you we'll above
purely human calculations and
lead you to disdain bitter satisfac-
lions OF reprisals and vengeance
and TO prefer in their place the
sublime task of validating your
legitimate claims, of restoring and
reconstltuting your fatherland. of
working in common with all good
men who are numerous in all ma
tions and re-establish friendly re-
lations between members of the
great family of God.
II the Poles can be counseled
against vengeance in the peace to
come, with much greater reason NAV
we Americans adopt as our watch
word the thought Of Virgil when we
come TO frame the terms for the
peoples Of Germany and Japan. We.
as people, can best translate that
watchword into practical reality by
preserving the fine American tradi-
tion OF Christian charity and strict
adherence to the moral law. In doing
this, We will best contribute to
lasting peace, We will render life
bearable for the innocent, while. at
the same time, We will keep strict
vigilance to see that those guilty of
perpetrating this universal catastrope
will not escape the subjuga ton to
which their evil deeds have called
them. That is why all avenues to
peace must not be closed by too
intransigent an attitude. 1t was that
thought which prompted the Chris
tian Century. leading Protestant
journal, In its issue of July 10, to
warn against unfair Allied pressure
on Plus XII in his efforts for peace
and TO express the hope that the
Pope would not yield to such pres
sure, for. as the editorial read:
If he does not, and the sort of
revenge breeding peace which he
fears is imposed on Europe by the
FiecoiS, VIC pIcOlCL tHat Qecaoe,
or two decades hence, when the
folly of that course will have be-
come clear to the peoples of the
Allied Nations and they nurse in
bitterness their disillusion over
another shorrsighted peace, they
will remember the moral leader
ship which the Pope tried to
provide in these days OF great
decision
Evening star., 1944-08-13

IF man kill his neighbor on set pur-
pose and by lying in wait for him:
thou shalt take him away from my altar,
that he may die"
Time will tell-perhaps in the near
future-whether there Is any neutral
willing to play the role of altar for
Hitler or the lesser lights of the Axis.
If there is, then a rather delicate prob
lem will be posed for the United Ma
tions. If there is not, then the psycho-
path of Berchtesgaden may indeed do
what some people expect of him, exiting
as spectacularly as possible In any
event it Is dificult to conceive Of this
highly egocentric man letting himself be
caught alive and brought before an
Allied court Of justice. there to be tried
like an ordinary cutthroat with feet Of
clay.
Evening star., 1944-08-13

The Nazis, repeatedly anxious to
shorten their lines Of communica-
tion, have succeeded brilliantly in
the Baltic States, where many di-
visions have no line of communica-
ton at all with the rest of the
army.
Evening star., 1944-08-13

who are outspoken in their preference,
are also at Curacao, gives color to the
rumor that general feeling in favor Of
an uprising exists. The people, rs .
general thing, are discontented, and a.
times are rather hard at present the
discontented ones use every opportunity
to blame President Joaquin) Crespo for
the condition Of affairs" 1t happened.
however, that the agitation came to
nothing. Gen. Crespo served out the
term for which he had been elected !:
then, in 1893, was killed by insurrec-
tionists while bravely attempting to de.
fend his duly elected succeasae.
Evening star., 1944-08-13

Much headline space devoted to
the case of society matron in
dicted for murder proves that there
is considerable scandal power in a
socialite.