davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-10-22

Chicago. has this TO say:
IF you knew animals as
well as you know people,
you could read these pho
tographs and tell the char
acter, the emotion or the
disposition" Mr.. Perkins
pictures seem TO show
that there's a lot of the
human in animals. Or
maybe it's the other way
around.
Consider the northern
sea otter. known TO Eski-
mos as the Amikuk. He
has more fun than a barr
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-10-22

lea and the Kudu antelope from AT
RIGA. And, of course, the chimp and
the monk
Take a close look the next time you
visit the ZOO. You'll find the animal
counterparts of happy-go-lucky Cousin
Charley or grouchy Aunt Minnie or
calamitous Sister Jane in their ex-
pressions. This observation is car
ried out in Animal Faces" a book
by r. Marlin Perkins, published by
Foster and Stewart of Buffalo, n. Y,
from which some of these photo
graphs were taken.
Mr. Perkins, who is the Assistant
Director of the Lincoln Park Zoo in
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-10-22

m o n k g y s.
He swims, leaps, z
somersaultS and Z
plays leapfrog.
w h g n he
makes love he
really puts his
heart in it. He
careSses his mate -
and he's strictly a one
COW otter-With ten
der strokes of the
forepawS. They EN-
brace like any boy anC
girl in Lovers Lane.
The Laughing Kit
ten, Wrapped Up i'm
a Newspaper, Seems
TO Be Enjoying Her
Ridiculous Plight.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-10-22
{C>rr>o9

700 keepers know that
n animals, as surely as
A. humans, reflect their
emotions in their features.
They laugh, they scowl, they
scream in anger. They love,
they mourn, they play, with
each mood disclosed in their
CountenanceS.
That's old stuff to owners
Of domesticated pets. Who
hasn't had a dog that grinned
when he was happy, his up
per lip sucked in cockily, re-
vealing his teeth? Or sulked
after punishment?
1t happens to their wild
cousins, too. They also have
personalities. Even such out
landish atures as the
harpy eagle of South Amer
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1944-02-11

reporting on the ClO exc
cutive board meeting of Jan.
27-28, which reaffirmed CIO
opposition to natioaal service,
Murray outlined a 7-point man
power utilization program to avert
"the evils inherent in the attempt
to resort to compulsory labor" as
in the Austin Wadsworth bill.
His program, aside from urging
non-discriniination against Ne
groes, women and racial and ma
tional groups, provided:
States His Program
1-All critical plants or areas
with restrictions on the right of
workers to leave work" must be
certified for health and safety con-
ditions, wages, hours and working
. conditions as determined by bona
: fide collective bargaining, adequate
training facilities, and standards
Tor full utilization Of manpower.
"A minimum weekly guaran-
teed wage equal to average hourly
earnings for 40 hours in ali such
plants or areas, with extra hours
covered by collective bargaining
statutes and executive order 924O
3-Transfers of employees shoulc
be made from within the localit,
before others are brought in from
outside it.
De expenses of transferred
workers, plus allowances for NOV
ing and added family expense,
must be made transferred workers
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1944-02-11
LET Congress
Know

Organized labor is letting con-
gress know it is watching the vote
on the following:
S-1285-Eastland Rankin soldiers
vote bill: Republican-poll tax
Democrat coalition passed this
phony state rights bill in the
house. Senate still working on
compromise Green federal
ballot bill S1612, including Dona-
her amendment limiting ballot
to men overseas. Unions urging
President Roosevelt to veto
Rankin bill if it passes both
houses.
HR 3477-Bankhead- -Steagall: Sec
ton 3 of this Comodmity Credit
Corp. bill bans subsidies after
June 80, 1914. Senate action
expected after soldier vote issue
is settled. CCC temporary eX-
tension expires Feb, H. Unions
demanding Senate renew life of
CCC, scrap section 3 and assure
continuance of 1,600,000,000 sub
sidy program.
HR 232S-Lynch anti-race hate
bill: Bars anti-Jewish, anti-Ne-
gro propaganda from the mails.
Before house post office COM
mittee, headed by Rep. Thomas
Buch, d. Va.) Unions urging
support.
So-called Equal Rights amend
ment: Would kill all protective
laws for women workers under
pretense of extending them
equal rights. Voted out by sem
ate judiciary committee, ready
for floor action. Unions op-
posed.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1944-02-11

b-Workers should not be trans
ferred unless the receiving plant
or area is certified for adequate
health, housing and child care faci-
lities.
6-Transferred workers must
receive the prevailing pay rate at
the new job, with guarantee that
the new pay will not be less than
they received on their old job.
Return to the former job and
full seniority and all other rights
secured by collective bargaining
must be guaranteed to transferred
workers.
Turning to other parts of Presi-
dent Roosevelt's recent message to
congress, Murray praised the eco
nomic bill of rights section and
commented:
"The fulfillment of these goals
requires the strongest and widest
kind of national unity ever achiev-
ed in the history of our nation
and unity among the United Ma
tions.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1944-02-11
Have 582.86I
Negroes
In Army

INDIANAPOLIS (FP) - More
than a half million Negroes are
serving Uncle Sam in the army
and $4,000 of them are al
ready overseas, according to fig
ures released here by Brig. Gen.
Benjamin o. Davis, only Negro
general officer in the U. S. Army.
Davis said that as of Oct, l
these were 5S2,S61 Negro soldiers
in service, with 57,323 in the in
fantry; 58,32S in the coast and
field artillery, 92,171 in the en-
gineers and $3.50 in the cavalry.
The remaining 100000 are dis
tributed among the air force,
chemical warfare, quartermaster
corps, armored forces, medical
corps and the WACs.
There are 1886 Negro commits
stoned officers of whom 395 are
in the medical corps, CT in the
dental corps, 1853 are chaplains
and 202 are nurses.
Davis is a West Pointer and his
son, Lieut.. Col. B. o. Davis Jr.,
commands the 99th pursuit squad
ron in the Mediterranean theater.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1944-02-11
Pacific Is Our Pond,
Says MeNutf

DETROIT (FP)-A stiff dose of
American imperialism was handed
to AFL and CIO labor officials in
Detroit when War Manpower Com
missioner Paul V. McNutt told
them in Federation Bldg:
"After the shooting is over we
must see to it that the Pacific is
our pond. There are rich markets
out there-markets sufficiently at
tractive to keep as going for a
long time to come. We can turn
our back on the Atlantic"
The Japs, he said, must be ex-
terminated and "the markets of
tle Pacific are tangible goal for
future American enterprise"
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1944-02-11

long form income tax return are
allowed on the long form estimated
return. No deductions and slight
ly higher exemptions are allowed
on the short form estimated re-
turn. AS a general rule, if it is
cheaper for you to file long form
tax return, it will probably be
cheaper to file a long form esti-
mated return; if it is cheaper to
file short form tax return, it will
probably be cheaper to file a short
form estimated return. If you
seek aid in making out the esti-
mated return, be sure to bring
with you a copy of your 1943 re-
turn which must be made out and
filed on or before March Is, 1914.
Ito be continued)
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1944-02-11

yet prepared or distributed
the forms, and the return can
not be filed. Rumor has it
that the filing date will be ex-
tended to April Is, 1914.
More Tax Return
If the rumor comes true, you
will have to file an estimated re-
turn if you come within any of
the following categories: (D a
single person whose actual income
in 1943 was in excess of $2700 and
it came solely from wages; (2) A
single person whose estimated in
come in 1914 will be in excess of
$2700 and it is believed the earn
ings will be solely from wages;
(3) A married person whose ac-
tual income in 1943, alone or to-
gether with the spouse's, was in
excess of $3500, and its source was
wages; (4) A married person
whose estimated income in 1943,
alone or together with the spouse's
will exceed $4,000 and its source
will be wages; (5) A single per-
son who had income in 1943,
other than wages, in excess of
500 and who had income from
all sources in excess of $500;
(6) A single person who expects
income in 1914 in excess of 500,
other than wages and who expects
income from all sources to exceed
$500; (0 A married person who in
1943 has income in excess of S100,
other than wages, and whose gross
income from all sources exceeded
1924, or whose gross income to-
gether with the spouse's exceeded
$1,000; (8) A married person who
expects in 1914 to have income in
excess of $100, other than wages,
or income from all sources in ex-
cess of 1924 or together with the
spouse in excess of $1,000.
Penalty Is Severe
Since the penalty for failing to
file such a return is severe and
since there is an additional penalty
for failing to pay the tax, for all
practical purposes anyone who ex-
poets to earn money in 1914 should
! fila cucb a ratrrn Racauea n oyoIv
takes a little bit of interest plus
the sale of few bonds, the win
ming of a prize, or the sale of
some small piece of property, or
one of many other things to make
up income other than wages, in
excess of $780,
The same exemptions and de-
ductions as are allowed on the
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1944-02-11
Union Declares
Living Costs Up
Continued from Page

3. The Index underestimates
the amount of increase in rents
between January 1941 and Decem-
ber 1943 by at least IL percent
the report says. According to the
Index, the increase is three per.
cent; according to the findings OF
the report, the true increase is
10 percent.
4. The BIS Index lists in
creases in costs of house furnish.
ings at 27.8 percent. According tc
the report, the actual inc: Ease was
more than 62 percent.
5. In addition to the above main
deficiencies in the Index, the re-
port adds that the following fac.
tors are not considered in its find
ings:
al Black markets; b. wartime
changes in family expenditures
(more money spent for meals away
from home, etc.; c) moving ex-
penses to new war centers; d. dual
residences maintained by war
workers due to migration; e) in
creased taxes and f) war bonds
and other forms of savings that
decrease disposable income.
In conclusion, the joint report
says: "Your committee finds that
since January, 1941, living costs
have risen 43.5 percent, and that
there is a discrepancy of 28.5 per.
cent between the rise in living
costs and the wage adjustments
allowed under the Little Steel for
nula y
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1944-02-11
Labor Management Plan
Grows In Cleveland

CLEVELAND (FP)-Through
labor manager, ant committees
more than 100000 workets in 140
plants in the Cleveland region have
a direct say-so in move to i'm
prove vital war production here.
The record number of committees
was announced by the district War
Production Board as a key part of
its drive to overcome obstacles
bindering production through the
joint action of labor and manage
ment.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1944-02-11
cIo Backs Organization
Of Bank Workers

WASHINGTON (FP)-The CIO
executive board Jan. % pledged
full financial support to the United
Office and Professional Workers
(CIO) in its campaign to organize
banking workers, whose real wa
ges dropped some 6 per cent in
March, 1943.
Initiation of a sound salary
policy with adequate pay increases
and of classifications arrived at
through collective bargaining is
necessary to insure the health and
morale of the banking employ
stabilize manpower turnover ind ~
field, and guarantee standardSa
performance and individual efffF
cheney in keeping with the nations
needs" the board said.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1944-02-11
Kansos Unions Near
Political Unity

KANSAS CITY, Mo. (FP)-A
good start toward labor unity in
the political field was made here
at meeting of leaders of AFL
CIO and railroad unions. The AFL
and CIO are already cooperating
in registration drive.
Main plea for united political
action came from Chairman Sid
ney Hillman of the CIO Political
Action Committee. He said the
1914 election will be crucial for the
future of labor, with full employ
ment and world peace hinging on
the outcome.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1944-02-11
CIO Sues Other Union

PEABODY, Mass. (FP)-In one
of the first cases of its kind, 297
members of Local 21, Init. Fur and
Leather Workers Union (CIO),
filed suit under the Smith-Con-
nally act for $4,000 in lost wages
against an Independent union
which called a strike which hit II
leather plants here last November.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1944-02-11

in production shops are all Nazi
agents or fifth columnists; and
if all the workers think about is
a few cents more per hour and
are constantly walking off the
job, THEN WHO IN THE
HE'LL is DOING THE JOB?
1T MUST BE THE
LEPRECHAUNS
Somehow or other, the en-
ployers must have fastened
their eyes on the little people,"
and with their usual great
mental capacity and diligence
will not be distracted by any de-
vices to take their attention
from the LEPRECHAUNS.
But one peculiar thing I have
noticed, maybe you have too, is
that when the workers stop
work in any shop, the LEPRE-
CHAUNS GO ON STRIKE
TOO, because no materials are
produced at that time. Are the
LEPRECHAUNS friends of the
employers, or do they belong
to a union organization among
the LEPRECHAUNS?
If the "little people" do have
a Union, the employers would
need to have Leprechaun labor
spies to keep their eyes on the
rest of the Leprechauns. They're
a willy lot. It's too deep for
my muddled brain, 80 / guess
I'll have to refer the whole
question to 0'Malley, the fairy
godmother.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1944-02-11
ALPA To Meet
March q, 5

NEW YORK (FP)-The Ameri-
c Labor Press Assn. will hold
its 3rd annual meeting at the Park
Central Hotel here March A and 5.
General heading for the confer
ence, announced by Pres. j. B. S.
Hardman, is World Unity and Sc
curity: Labor's Part In 1t.
While there will be a number
of guest speakers, Hardman said,
greatest stress will be laid on dis
cussion by conferees themselves.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1944-02-11

Cartels, the pamphlet was
issued by the subcommittee
on war mobilization of the
senate military affairs committee
headed by Harley Kilgore Cd. w
Va.)
Main point of the 83-page report
is this: "The most dangerous as
pect of cartelization in wartime
lies in the continuance of mutual
loyalties and of joint property in
terests which unite concerns lying
on opposite sides of the battle
lines"
Cartels Aided Germany
Cartel agreements among Stand
ard Oil Co. of New Jersey, E. l.
DUPONT Co., Dow Chemical Co.
Aluminium Co. of America and the
mighty |. G. Farbenindustrie, Ger
man chemical trust, gave Naz
Germany a head start on produc-
tion of strategic war materials
Edwards charged.
In another instance, a prewal
agreement between |. G. Farber
and ALCOA restricted U. s. pro.
duction of magnesium, a vita
aluminium substitute, to 1000 tons
yearly. In 1888, when German
production had reached 10000 tons
U. S. production was only 2,40C
tons. an consequence" Edward:
said, "the production and use o1
magnesium in this country Jagged
far behind the development in Ger.
many and there was a serious
shortage of experience and equip.
ment for fabricating magnesium
at the outbreak of the present
war"
Used BY Germans
German business interests, at
times even subordinating their
own immediate financial gains, be-
came stalwart allies of the Nazis,
Edwards said. "After the Nazi
government came into power, car
tells were extensively used for
trade penetration, political propa-
ganda, collection of strategic infor-
nation about foreign industries,
and efforts to suppress the devel-
opment of strategic industries in
areas which might be hostile to
Germany" he disclosed.
American interests, on the other
hand, he said, ignored the political
implication of cartels, using them
only to further their business in
terests. AS a result, American
trusts transmitted vital military
information to the Germans and
helped conceal foreign ownership
of properties in order to forestall
seizure by Alien Property Gus
todians.
In an overall indictment of
cartels, Edwards charged that car
tel operations:
Maintain prices at abnormal
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1944-02-11
Co-Ops To Aid
Rehabilitation

DETROIT, Jan. 31-Word that
cooperatives in Europe and Asia
will be used "to the maximum ex-
tent possible" by the United Ma
tions Relief and Rehabilitation
Administrator was announced by
that agency January 7.
This news bodies well for the
future of democracy and the
prospects of lasting peace. 1t
means that people who have been
regimented, conscripted, bombed,
starved and censored will be en-
couraged to get back on their own
feet and act in their own behaves
to secure food, clothing, and other
needs without exploitation by
profit-seekers on the one hand,
or political manpulations by some
government on the other
To help the war-strieken CO.
op to flourish again and render
maximum service in the years
that lie ahead, delegates from
four continents gathered in Wash
ington January 10 and 20, to plan
the raising of money and credit
and the training of personnel to
be placed at their disposal.
Designed For Service
Because cooperatives are de-
signed to render service at cost,
they are the best agencies for
protecting the meager purchasing
power of the people hit by war, or
to distribute donations fro m
abroad. Because they are open to
all, they are an excellent means
of integrating communities, i'm
parting a new morale and pro-
gram in which all may find a
place, and of softening the fear
and bitterness which exists be-
tween racial, national, and poll
tical groups.
On the marketing side, coop
eratives enable farmers and fish
ermen to sell collectively their
products, eliminating waste and the
disadvantages of small-scale and
amateur selling to spectators.
Benefit From Buying
On the buying side, coopera-
tives enable their members to
benefit from large quantity buy
ing, to get good quality, and to
minimize the cost Another tech
nique likely to be used widely in
Europe and Asia is the self-help
exchange coop, which enables one
worker to barter his services
without necessarily taking in re-
turn the particular product or
service of the person whom he
serves. This system of commun-
ity economics is accomplished
with or without money.
Although they live in a differ
ent setting, city workers prob
lens are similar to those of the
farmer and cooperation is
equally effective as remedy
This has been recognized long ago
by European Labor. 1t is hoped
and expected that American work.
ers will act quickly to strengthen
themselves through cooperatives.
Information as to existing co-ops,
as well as material useful in or
ganizing new ones can be obtained
through the Consumer Division of
the UAW-CIO, All Milwaukee W.,
Detroit 2, Michigan.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1944-02-11
War Production
Normal Following
MESA Strikes
Continued from Page /

NOHIlHueu lIOM age
delegation marched out of the
courtroom leaving its attorney to
take notes on the hearing.
Prior to the appearance of the
MESA representatives at the
hearing, kilograms had been sent
out to MESA members informing
them, that the walkout would be-
gin. Immediately following the
court walkout, the plant walkouts
began and involved Willys-Over-
land, Spicer, Auto-Lite and many
other plants throughout Ohio and
Michigan.
Schultz Makes Comment
Melvin Schultz, president of
Local IL, UAW-CIO which re-
quested the hearing that precipi-
tated the MESA strike, commented
briefly when the workers at
Willys-Overland and other local
plants returned to work. He said,
81 am glad to see the people go
back to their jobs. 1t looks to me
like it's up to the people them
selves from here on in. Indus
trial plants are under one man.
agement, why shouldn't the work
ers be organized in one union on
an industrial basis?"
By it's action in refusing to in
tervene when given the opportun-
ity in the Willys-Overland-Local
q hearing, the MESA has for
feited its right to place on the
ballot, when the N. . R. B. or
ders an election in the contested
departments. Two names will ap-
pear on the ballot, that of. Local
IL, UAW-CIO, or No Union, and
the workers will make their
choice.
Packard Election Ordered
Another representation case
contested by the MESA is that
of the Packard Motor Car Co..
where an election has been or
dered to be held within 80 days
The date of the NLRB directive
was Feb. 2.
Efforts of the MESA to organ.
ize workers on the basis of skills
is the usual practice of the craft
organization. 1t continued the
same practice in the case of the
Packard workers seeking to rep
resent a group of workers en-
gagged in the tool room, while ex,
cluding from its organization such
occupations as truck drivers, stock
movers and similar employees
contending that they are un-
skilled and not wanted.
Streeter Resigns Post
Another repercussion of the
MESA strike was the resignation
of Earl Streeter, head of the
MESA in the Toledo area. Mr.
Streeter's resignation followed
his disagreement with the heads
of his union when they sent 9
representative from the Detroit
office to "help Mr.. Streeter out
during the strike,
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1944-02-11
Realism Dept.

CHICAGO (FP)-Plush Union
League Clubbers here cast 75 votes
for Dewey and 3 for Roosevelt in
a recent straw vote. But when
polled on who they though would
win the election, hey picked
Roosevelt by a wide margin.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1944-02-11

ly high levels; 2-Impair quality;
3-Limit supply; 4-Bar techno-
logical developments; 5-Weaken
independent concerns; 6-Prevent
industrialization of colonies; and
7-Place profits above national in
terest.