davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1944-05-11
Pacific Manpower Totals
By Maj. George Fielding Eliot

we may cancel them out by assuming
that they are occupying the attention
of about 100000 Japanese troops and
airmen in all categories.
X *
A further deduction OF say 100000
Japanese troops of occupation must be
made for the Philippines, the Neither
lands Indies, Malaga and ndo-China.
Save for the last most of these troops
e are pinned down by the need for keep
ing the populace in order. On the other
hand, the japanese are able to use the
forced labor of about 85,000,000 people
whom they control politically lin Korea,
KWantung, Formosa and Manchukuo
and in Thailand, and such additional
forced labor as they can squeeze out of
their conquered territory. This should
result in considerable addition to their
fighting forces-,perhaps as many as
100000. After making all these addi-
tionS and deductions, we come to the
conclusion that the net Japanese man
power pool for fighting purposes is about
4,000,000s against our 100000
To our 100000 must of course be
added the actually available Indian
combat forces; not the 100000 who
have been mobilized, but the proportion
of those who are really available for
active combat duty-perhaps 100000.
The Japanese still outnumber us 3 to /.
What is here obvious is that we have
not yet fully engaged, or anything like
fully engaged, the japanese Army. We
have been fighting the Japanese Navy,
and we are now superior at sea; we have
been fighting the japanese air forces,
and we are now superior in the air; we
have been fighting scattered detach-
ments of the Japanese Army on islands
all over the Pacific, and we have beaten
some and destroyed others; we have
been fighting one fairly large detach-
ment of the Japanese Army in Burma,
and 1t Is still giving us tough fight.
But the bulk of the Japanese Army is
still in Japan. or in China, and it is
still unengaged Behind it is con-
siderable reservoir Of available fighting
manpower which is not yet even in mil
itary organizations.
tCOpVripht IOIAN
Evening star., 1944-05-11

recede. If the breach effected by
the British bombers has released
comparable flood, then the Nazis
in this sector may find themselves
more or less paralyzed for several
days at least-and several days can
be of decisive Importance in the
progress of a battle.
In any event, though it directly
affects only one area of the front,
the Pescara Dam action fits in
neatly with the overall air often
sive against the network of German
communications throughout Italy.
This offensive has been greatly
overshadowed by the one being
carried out against Western Europe
and has therefore received little
publicity. But we are now hearing
something about it and there can
be no doubt that it is hurting the
enemy a great deal Indeed, ac-
cording to statement just made by
General Cannon, commander of our
Twelfth Air Force, our planes have
been so successful that the ,Nazis
are finding it virtually impossible
to supply their front-line forces by
rail.
Every railroad and freight yard
and all the key tunnels and bridges
as far north as Florence have been
receiving a steady lashing from our
Allied bomberS, and are smashed
again as fast as they are repaired.
The result is, says General Cannon,
that the Nazis must resort almost
entirely to inadequate highway
transportation and try to get along
as well as they can at the front
with strictly limited supplies. The
clear implication is that when and
if we mount another full-scale
offensive in Italy, the cumulative
effect. of this supply-line attrition
will make itself felt with strangling
effect upon the enemy. The so-called
stalemate in this theater has OBJ
viously not existed in the sky; up
there, our planes continue very busy
and have everything pretty much
their own way.
Evening star., 1944-05-11
Marines Sister Speaks Out


To the Editor of The Star:
I would like to voice my opinion as
to the fight which occurred at Four
teenth and F streets.
think it is disgraceful for a. man
who has served overseas to be beaten
and arrested for crossing the street on
red light.
Every day thousands of people violate
the regulation even when policemen are
on duty. At most, the policemen blow
their whistles or stop the pedestrians
in the middle of the street till the light
changes
That policeman at Fourteenth and F.
should be put in jail You can't tell
me that he didn't do something to cause
that marine to start fighting.
According to the policemen, they in
no way assaulted the marine. But after
fighting on these filthy, diseased, jap
inhabited Islands in the South Pacific.
a marine doesn't faint over nothing.
have three brothers in the service,
one in the Army, one in the Navy and
one in the Marines. The one in the
Marines is somewhere in the South
Pacific. He is only 20 years old and
when, If ever, he does come home I'd
hate to say what I'd like to do to any
policeman that tried beating him up
for crossing the street on a red light.
GRETCHEN LYNCH.
Evening star., 1944-05-11

Unless President Roosevelt should
deny explicitly Chairman Hannegan's
report to New York Democrats that Mr..
Roosevelt will run for a fourth term,
the country will consider the matter
closed. A mere silence on the part of
the White House will be considered af-
firmation. Democratic national chair
men have not been given to erroneous
predictions in the immediate past. Nor
is Mr.. Hannegan, although new chair
man, novice at the great game of
politics.
1t is the fact that the Hannegan
statement was made by the head Of the
Democratic national organization, the
man whose position makes him chief
political lieutenant of the President, that
lends particular credence to the report.
The President is sometimes unpre-
dictable. He is also stubborn, and If he
has made up his mind not to admit his
candidacy until the time of the Demo-
cratic National Convention, it is un-
likely anything will shake word out
of him. He has adopted the position
that with war on he has no time to
give to politics.
The Hannegan statement will have
the effect, too, of still further strength
ening the drive to elect Roosevelt dele
gates to the national convention. AL
ready a large number of such delegates
have been elected. From the White
House point of view, the election of
large majority of stanch Roosevelt
supporters to sit in the convention is
essential, whether the President runs or
fails to run. If he runs, the convention,
composed of Roosevelt men, will again
draft" him. If he does not run, the
President will be able to dictate to
Roosevelt pledged convention far more
easily than if the convention were
made up of unpledged delegates; able
far more easily to tell the convention
whom his successor should be. That
being the case, it is not believed that in
any event the President will say he will
not run-if he decides on such course
until the last moment.
Attending the New York Thomas
Jefferson dinner, at which Mr.. Hanne-
gan made his Roosevelt prediction, was
former National Chairman James A.
Farley. Mr.. Farley is still Democratic
State chairman of New York. He
has made it entirely clear in many
conversations that he Is opposed to a
fourth-term nomination for the Presi-
dent. Furthermore, there is distinct be-
Evening star., 1944-05-11

were lost to the blockade set up by
the Red fleet and Red dive bombers.
The actual siege of Sevastopol
lasted "a days, the final assault TAX
ing only 3 days. This contrasts
strikingly with the 250-day defense
put up by the Russian garrison
which began in the autumn Of 1941
and did not end until the late spring
of 1912. That epic defense not only
cost the Axis besiegers tremendous
efforts and huge casualties but
played an important diversionary
part in weakening the striking
power of the German war machine
in it's simultaneous efforts to reach
the Volga and the Caucasus. which
were baked at Stallingrad and
came to grief before the end of
1912 Sevastopars original defenses
were so thoroughly wrecked during
the siege that the Germans had
neither the time nor the resources
to restore them fully to their former
strength. Also. the garrison of
$4,000 was far too small for a pro-
longed defense.
The show is now over. The
Crimea is wholly in Russian hands
again, and the large armies engaged
in the undertaking are free for
action on the main eastern front.
The Red feet controls the Black
Sea, which is once more virtually a
Russian lake. The strategic cense-
quences may soon be evident. This
is equally true of the political roper
cussions on Hitler's Balkan satellites
and possibly on nonbelligerent Tur-
key as we'll.
Evening star., 1944-05-11
This Changing World
By Constantine Brown

While there Is nothing much they can
do against American sea power in the
Pacific, the Japs are concentrating their
main activities on perfecting the fortifi-
cations of the inner defenses of their
new empire and are bringing up more
troops to defend these Notifications.
While they treat lightly any danger
from the Indian Ocean to Malaga and
Sumatra, Japanese broadcasts dealing
with the overall situation show the high
commands deep concern over the
danger from American forces.
In connection with the latest lightning
Allied landings at Hollandia, the Japa-
neSe broadcasters who always minimize
our successes-if they mention them at
all-gave these significant sentences:
THE enemys counteroffensive has be-
come even more fierce than before and
is constantly driving deeper into our
territory" Frances Foch made report
to his superior saying, My left has
been driven back; my right has been
rolled up; my center has been smashed
and I have ordered an advance from
all directions For our nation it
is matter of whether it will stand or
fall, whether we will give it life or
death"
At the same time a spokesman for
the Tokyo government urged the people
to sacrifice everything to bring stop
to the enemy offensive"
y X
While there may have been some
morale boosting elements in the alarm
ing warnings to the Japanese nation
about the danger from the Pacific area,
there is no question that the recent
Allied soffensives from Australia and
Hawaii have given more food for
thought to Tokyo's leaders than ever
before.
They realize that substantial REIN
forcement of Gen. MacArthurs ground
and air forces, supported by Admiral
Nimitz's already formidable naval force,
might drive the japanese into very
unpleasant corner. They expect the re-
enforcement to be accomplished some
time after the monsoon rains provided,
of course, the objectives of the Allies
in Western Europe are at least partially
attained
Evening star., 1944-05-11
A Prayer Amid Turmoil

A Prayer Amid Turmoil
To the Editor of The Star:
The following prayer is copied from
the School Chapel, Fitzsimons General
Hospital, Denver, Colo, Sunday Service
Bulletin, April %:
"a Prayer for the Times"
by the Rev. David Morris Jordan,
minister of Cannon Memorial Church,
Chicago.
Our heavenly Father, amid turmoil
and grief, upheaval and agony, when
sinister forces make havoc of humanity:
In these days of carnage, when plow-
shares are beaten into swords and
pruning g-hooks into machines of de-
struction, help us to rethink the rich
heritage of democracy which has been
purchased by blood and toll, and puri-
fed by Thy life-giving spirit. AS we
take these principles and bind them
about our necks and write them on the
tables of our hearts, may we breathe
no vengeance nor harbor any hate.
Rather, let us strive to redirect the
ambitions, hopes, and aims of all men.
dredging deeper the sacred channels of
brotherhood and creative love.
I'VE thank Thee for the peculiar chal-
lenge which is ours in that we live in
land where many races, nationalities,
tongues, colors and creeds labor for the
creation of one great fellowship. Save
us from race prejudice and hate, from
snobbishneSs and arrogance.
May we willingly travel the hard but
only road to peace and eternal life which
took shape in the heart of Israel and
extended through long centuries to
Christ. who encourages us, even yet, to
love our enemies, to bless and curse
not, and to do good to those who de-
spitefully use us"
(Note: The prayer from which these
excerpts were taken was offered by a
Negro at an interracial interfaith serv-
ice at Washington Boulevard Temple, a
Jewish place of worship in Chicago1
I. N. ELSEA.
Evening star., 1944-05-11
Criticizes Book Review

To the Editor of The Star:
I experienced a distinct rise of in
dignation when I read Mary-Carter
Roberts first offering May 7.
read her for her book reviews which
l feel are written from a broad back
ground of analytical experience in this
field.
Her reviews are seldom enthusiastic.
They are often dogmatic, often satire,
often condeScensions from Mount Olym-
pus. But, though I am sometimes bit
irked by them, am, in the main, re-
spectful.
I expect from her column, and want,
book revieWs-and nothing more; so
when she steps from her column, as she
did May 7, into field in which I feel
she has no right, I resent it.
[ have just read her review of Tell
the Folks Back Home" and was i'm
pressed with her high opinion of the
book which 1 intend to read at once.
The last sentence. however, in which she
emerges from her book review to give
bit of political advice to Senator Mead
and to anticipate the poor sportsman
ship and bad faith of our Allies leaves
me, as I said, indignant
l.. F. DAVENPORT
Evening star., 1944-05-11

In Yesterdays article I drew some very
broad and general conclusions as to the
availability of manpower for fighting
purposes in the European theater OF
operations. 1t will hardly have escaped
the observant reader that the margin
of manpoWer left to the Allies for opera
tions in the Pacific is not large one.
This margin is largely to be calculated
on the statement made by spokesman
for Gen. Macarthur that the Pacific
theater was receiving only about 10 per
cent of American manpower; but this
statement is supported by the principle
of concentration-that is, every possible
man to the main effort, keeping all else
at minimum
where near correct, therefore, we have
the figure of 10 per cent of our popu-
lation, or 13,500,000 as the basis for the
American manpower effort in the Pa
cific; we may add perhaps per cent
of the British population, or 100000,
and the whole of that of Australia and
New Zealand, or nearly 100000. This
gives a total of 24,900,000 The rule of
thumb that a nation can mobilize for
fighting purposes some 10 per cent of
its population gives us fighting
strength of say 2,500000 from which we
must deduct about 100000 for casualties,
for Australian and New Zealand troops
serving in other theaterS, etc That
leaves us a net total of 100000.
y *
In the European theater, we calculated
that half the mobilizable strength was
required to guard lines of communica-
ton, and for base and training purposes
of all sorts. In this Pacific theater, the
proportion is nearer tWo-thirds, because
Of the vast distances. Therefore, the
total manpoWer (American, British and
Dominion available for front line serv-
ice against the japanese will not much
exceed 800 900.
What has Japan to set against this
modest figure? The population of the
Japanese islands is about 10000 900:
Japan cannot count on drawing fighting
personnel from any other source what
ever. There have been many japanese
boasts about national" armies of
Indians. Filipinos. and even Chinese.
but no such troops have been encoun-
tered on any front. SO Japans original
reservoir of fighting manpower was
about 70,000,000. War casualties have
reduced by a net of perhaps 1000 ,O0O
We must assume that an equal number
cannot me moved. While 1t Is impos-
sible to judge the number OF Chinese
troops which are available on our side.
Evening star., 1944-05-11

The Japanese seem unconcerned over
any offensive Admiral Lord Louis
Mountbatten may decide to undertake
after the monsoon season is over next
October. They are seriously disturbed,
however, over what the American forces
under Gen. Douglas Macarthur and
Admiral Chester Nimitz may do in the
next II months.
The Tokyo high command is fully
aware that the offensive power of the
Allies in the South and Central Pacific
is subordinated to the development of
the offensive in Europe. They know
that unless large quantities of shipping
are available for the South Pacific we
will have to confine our offensive to
local points within range of our present
bases.
The American Navy, which is not
subordinated to the European opera
tions, may make more important raids,
may take some more outlying islands
and may advance possibly as far as
Guam, which has more of sentimental
than strategic value But the main
bastions of the Japanese defense in
the Netherlands Indies at Timor and
Formosa can be threatened only if suf-
ficient transports are freed to bring in
forces from the United States and
enough invasion barges are placed at
Gen. MacArthur's disposal.
According to roundabout information
received here the imperial general staff
is watching the forthcoming operations
in Western Europe with about as much
interest as the Germans themselves.
Emperor Hirohitos chief strategists ap-
parently believe that even the estab-
lishment of a strong and deep beach
head in Western Europe would free
some shipping for the Pacific and
substantial number of barges of the
many now being built in the United
States could be sent to the Pacific.
Hence they hope that the German
strategy and remaining military
strength will prevent the Allies from
establishing themselves anywhere on
the long Atlantic coast. An Allied fail
ure against the Western European wall
would give Japan a lengthy breathing
spell.
Evening star., 1944-05-11
Fragrant Bouqh

Here sun comes sloply, filtered by the
ledpeS
Still palely green. Here sun Is seen
Tender and reticent, beyond the fo,per-
ING tree
And as you turn to me, the bird that
comes each year
Welcomes the spring again his
muSic like the rain
OF morning on the air; like ,pind upon
your brop.
Under the apple -bough, pretend ,Dith
me. pretend
That here toithin the rinbus OF the sun
We ttoo are one :. that there is no
1porld
Beyond this bird, this radiant tree
This blossom falling as you turn to me-
SARA VAN ALSTYNE ALLEN. n
Evening star., 1944-05-11
Unconditional Surrender

Although Secretary Hull reserves
comment on them, neither affirm
ing nor denying their accuracy,
there is a good deal of plausibility
in reports that the policy of uncon-
ditional surrender may not be ap-
piled rigidly to Romania, Hungary
and the other satellites of the NaziS.
Fundamentally, as Mr.. Hull sug-
gests, the problem is a military one
to be solved by our Allied COM
manders. so that if they find it to
their advantage-from the stand
point of speeding up Hitler's down.
fall-to let these powers have peace
on the basis of negotiation, nego-
tiation will almost certainly be
acceptable.
Indeed, as far as the satellites are
concerned, Russian sources have
plainly indicated that the Stain
government does not believe in
too-literal, unbending adherence to
the Roosevelt Churchill Casablanca
formula, and since Soviet forces are
closest to the situation in both
geographical and military sense,
this view must naturally carry very
great weight in our Allied councils.
Moreover, the case of Finland has
already demonstrated a willingness
to arrange modified surrender, for
the terms discussed with the Firms,
however severe they may be, can
not be described as unconditional.
The same attitude in respect to
Romania, Hungary and Bulgaria is
implied in the quite credible rumors
that these countries have tried to
approach us in an effort to nego-
tiate themselves out of the war and
that our ears have not been entirely
deaf to them.
If by something short of uncon-
ditlonal surrender on the part of
the satellites, Hitler's overall Euro
pean position could be made to fall
apart, then the Allied commanders
would certainly be justified in i'm
posing limited terms upon those
satellites. For these countries do
not constitute the main enemy, any
more than Italy did. They are and
have been merely the instruments
OF the main enemy-the instru-
ments of Nazi Germany. Accord
ingly, if Germany's total defeat can
be expedited thereby and the war
shortened and the lives of Russian,
British and American troops saved,
it might be not only the expedient
thing, but the wise and proper
thing as well, to permit them to lay
down their arms on the strength of
a negotiated understanding.
In all probability, when they first
employed it at Casablanca, Prime
Minister Churchill and President
Roosevelt thought of the phrase
unconditional surrender" as some
thing primarily designed to sum up
our Allied resolve to inf1ict such a
thorough defeat on Nazi Germany
as to make it impossible for that
warlike land to threaten us again
for generations to come. In this
sense, no matter what may be in
the wind regarding the satellites,
the expression still retains it's orig
inal force and meaning, for within
the framework of that meaning, it
represents policy flexible enough
to be interpreted and applied in
more than one way without militat-
ing against our determination to
win a complete and lasting victory.
Evening star., 1944-05-11
The Army's Backbone

From the Victoria Colonist.
The professional soldier has the most
thanklesS calling in the world. In peace
he Is looked upon as a consumer of pub
lie taxes. In war he is apt to be buried
three deep by the thrush of amateur
soldiers, each intent upon knowledge
that takes sglifetime to acquire.
Evening star., 1944-05-11
Other "Friends" Remembered

Other "Friends" Remembered
To the Editor of The Star:
The beautiful tribute on your editorial
page entitled "A Friend" reminded me
of one written several years ago by
Harry Stoddard to Mary, who had
served so well in the BelaSco Theater
In humble capacity
1t makes me want to pay tribute to
one whose life was one of service to
animals
The man TO whom refer was Preston
Thomas, who drove the ambulance for
the Animal Rescue League
Many will remember the kindly, good
natured giant who handled sick, hurt
and unwanted animals so gently His
untimely death was dreadful loss to
the society which he served so faith
fully and so long.
LYDIA MANTLE FOX.
Evening star., 1944-05-11

Railroads are considering the use
of radio communication between
trains to help prevent accidents.
Some way, of course, will have to be
found to keep Marry Doats out of it.
Evening star., 1944-05-11

Slot machines are officially barred
from military reservations From
now on, losers will have to deposit
their money on a blanket with dice
instead of feeding it into a slot.
Evening star., 1944-05-11

Destruction of German controlled
railroads has been so severe that
even Goebbels' broadcasts must take
second place in meaningless fiction
to Nazi timetables. 4
Evening star., 1944-05-11

May is a good name for the in
vasion month. To jittery Nazis
every uncertain day in it is may
day or maybe a may not day.
Evening star., 1944-05-11
MuddIinq Through
From the New York Post.

Reproduction rights reserved.
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1944-11-10

Fumisotins

ALL BEDBUGS, reaches. moths Do.
stroyed In six hours; guaranteed. Ma.
comb Fumigating Service. $3.50 s. River
road. corner Longview. Mt Clemens.
Phone 8lil.