davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1944-08-22

CONTINUED from Page One)
the United States; those last in
Quoted;
Prompt and effective admin
istration of the servicemen's re-
adjustment act Of l944;
Immediate adoption of a uni
versal compulsory military
training system as permanent
peaeetime policy for the United
States; '..
"Fair and equitable distribu-
ton of surplus war materials
with priority purchasing privi-
leges to overseas veterans;
Cooperation of management,
labor and government in sup
port of economic policies which
will continue our present stand
ard of living"
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1944-08-22

In 1943, laying hens averag-
ed 1872 eggs apiece, more than
twice as many as 20 years be-
fore. -...
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1944-08-22
QUESTIONS
AND
ANSWERS .

Q-Who goes ashore first
from a landing craft?
A-The coXswain; he anchors
a line from the ship to shore
for troops TO follow and cling
to.
Q-What is Navy jargon for
amphibious force?
Advantageous farce.
GLOW did the Dutch get
Dutch Guiana?
A-The British forced them
to take the South American ter
ritory in a trade for New York,
then New Amsterdam.
Q-What is a cygnet?
A young swan.
Q-What Technology is used
in circular measure?
A-Seconds, minutes, degrees.
Q-Where is the worlds high
est railway?
A-The Central Railway of
Peru crosses the Andes at a
height of $1,000 feet.
Q-What is a tocsin and a
toxic?
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-06-26

shalIs, south Of Guam, Tinian and Sal
pan. Nimitz may favor capturing the
Marianas. putting him within 900
miles Of the Bonins-s practical bomb
ing range proved by recent devastat-
ing runs against the Marianas from the
MarshaIIs. an equal distance.
While Pacific strategy may emp ha-
size MacArthurs leap frog tactics
from Hollandia TO the Philippines. the
central Pacific may imminently move
against the maps red triangle. Though
minor naval bases, they may screen
some Jap fleet activity. The battle
with the Jap main fleet, which came in
the central Pacific off the Marianas.
strengthened U. S. bases in the Mari
anas which provide unsuitable carriers
with which our superior air force could
widen the military advantage which our
augmented navy now holds over Japs.
investment Of the BONN islands
would have TO be an action in force.
While an American holding on that
island would put US within easy bomb
ing distance Of Japan proper, the fact
remains that the distance works both
ways. giving the Jap home defense
bomber wigs equal range against our
advance force.
Mas by Staff Artist Ray Bannistsr
Text by Rene Cazsnsvs.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-06-26

A japanese inner defense triangle
figuring Importantly in the msthernat-
les Of U. S. victory is featured on the
eloba Pacific map below. Red lines
off the map lead to eIoseups Of Jap
bases that form the triangle.
What part these bases play in the
Observation-Disclosures strategy is secret,
but they loom large in capture Of neu-
tralization of Jap Caroline utposts.
the Nimit1 approach to Chine, and
bear on MaeArthur's return to the
Philippines from New Guinea.
The Bonins and the Maranas, whose
chief bases are enlarged at left and
right, are a supply ladder from Japan
TO the threatened Caroline bases
stretching from Kusaie. via Truk. TO
Palau. They are unsuitable aircraft car
riers for the planes sent TO defend the
Caroline bases. now threatened from
New Guinea and the MarshaIIs.
Marcus is a valuable Jap air base,
the second stop from Japan TO Wake.
Nimitz probably can take Marcus and
Wake at any time TO shrink Jap eastern
defenses back TO The Bonins and Mari
anas. II the admiral plans 70 bypass
Truk. now ravaeed by land based
bombers from Emireu, of New Ireland
and from the MarshaIls, his course TO
China runs northwest from the Mar
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-06-26
~ esass - ( z
~ aea- -. q. ~

Chiehi lima, key
Bonin group island, is
6I5 miles from Tokyo.
955 miles from Sal
pan. Futami Harbor
is a minor naval base
guarded by big guns.
Air bases are located
b etween the low
mountains provid-
ing refueIine on air
way TO the Carolines.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-12-17

KALzNXzoo
s safSs!'a asnss s ?r:.. s'' ss.iis. sczs
Grand River. rY S-oo3l.
WARM morning stove. sllshtly used. N
pipss: ass. sT73 81. Hedvis. CT oefS
|ELEcTnIc REFRIGERATION
rRIcIpAIRE I.i.,: lits mes. Hp e. ~
hstwsSs io-4 a7sS " chsesco----
GENERAL Electric Frirdaire y soce
condition, 7 u. iss Church. APT. ;:
Evening star., 1944-09-10

remarkable in view of his illness six
years ago. For several days then he was
in an oxygen tent on the verge of death
from heart and kidney condition. His
Evening star., 1944-09-10

will be about the same as that of any
other day-reading the war news. period
of rest in bed and an easy chair, and
probably brief chats with few of his
old crOnieS.
Most cherished of his limited activi-
ties are reading letters from his son
Warren, a captain with the Army En-
gineers in France, and keeping up with
the daily tide of battle on the western
front. He closely follows war dispatches
and maps in morning and afternoon
newspapers, frequently comments on
"the magnificent job" that United States
forces are doing on all fronts
Praises Gen. Marshall
Gen. George c. Marshall, Army Chief
of Staff, goes out to the hospital to see
the World War chief about twice month
and gives him fill-in on the progress
of the war. Gen. Pershing, who once
described Marshall as "the finest Of
ficer of World War I" is elated at his
former aides mastery handling of the
Army in World War II.
Gen Pershing's principal war interest,
next to the success of Allied arms, has
been the liberation of France. Bonds of
friendship, established when he was the
commander of 100000 Americans fight
ing on French soil, were strengthened
by his postwar activities AS head of the
Memorial Commission he spent several
months of every year in France super
vising the preparation and care OF
monuments to our soldier dead.
De Gaulle's Visit
The old soldier was greatly pleased
when Gen. de Gaulle, as a represent
ative of the French liberation movement,
visited him recently. Col. George Adam
son, who has been Gen. Pershings aide
for many years, says the AEF chieftain's
conversation with De Gaulle had much
of its old fire when he spoke of France
and her historic foe, Germany. He told
De Gaulle that IF we had gone on to
Berlin in the last war we probably would
not have been in this fight"
Gen. Pershing, always an advocate of
powerful American military force has
never been a war monger. In 1887, on
the goth anniversary of our entrance
into the World War, he reviewed the
horrors of that conflict, pointed to war
clouds again hanging over Europe and
declared "it is more than ever our duty
to strive continuously for permanent
peace" During the Mexican border
trouble back in 1916, he looked across
the Rio Grande and said: The people
yonder need schools not soldiers; bread,
not bullets"
A Double Anniversary
Next Wednesday is a double anniver-
sary for Gen. Pershing. 1t was on Sep
tember 13, 1918, that his forces smashed
the German lines at ST. Mihiel, the first
big all-American victory of the war.
1t demonstrated, as Pershing had in
sisted to Allied Generalissimo Foch it
would, that American soldiers when giv-
en- time for training have what it takes
to whip a f1rst-class foe.
The victory was tremendous morale
booster for weary French and British
troops and helped pave the way for q
series of smashing onslaughts which LED
to Germany's surrender two months
later.
Highst Ranking Officer
As general of the Armies, the former
AEF commander is the Nations highes
ranking military man. 1t is an honorary
title which has been conferred on only
Evening star., 1944-09-10
Will Romanias Youthful King Mha Stay the Throne?

companionship with his people.
The hoy King" is known by those
who have seen him frequently since he
reached manhood and assembled the
throne again in 1910, when Carol abdi-
Gated, as light-haired, husky youth
easy of manner and popular with young
people. He is also described as taking
keen interest in modern industrial prob
lems frequently visiting the large fac
tories of his country and showing a de-
cided interest in American technique.
Now, to return to the story: 1t appears
that very shortly after his fathers death
Carols eyes turned longingly to the
throne now denied him. In 1928 he was
ordered to leave Great Britain after his
followers had distributed propaganda
saying that he was only awaiting word
from Bucharest to assume his place as
King and after he allegedly had char
tered plane to take pamphlets to Ro-
mania voicing the same message. The
British government apparently did not
care to have the island used as a plot
ting place.
tinued his efforts through underground
channels to convince the Romanian gov
ernment that he should again mount
the throne-and that Magda would be
left behind. Eventually the time seemed
ripe.
On June 8, 1890, Carol arrived unex-
pectedly-saye for those in on the plot
by private plane at Bucharest. A de-
tachment of guards under Prince Mich
olas kept the capitals police from taking
Carol in charge. Premier Juliu MANU-,
the Peasant party leader, and his cab
met resigned. But Carol had not under
estimated his popular appeal to ma
jority of Romanian politicians or to the
Romanian people. A special Sunday
session of Parliament was called and,
(See BOY KING, Page C-5)
Evening star., 1944-09-10

Ion Antonescu, Former Premier
of Ron1ania.
womanhood, but also as endowed with a
scintillating mind and an odd genius
for finance. During the years they lived
as expatriates in Paris, Carol Is known
to have amassed a fortune through
shrewd investments, and the story told
by their friends Is that these we're made
with her advice.
Soon the Kings relations with the
charming Nine. Lupescu shocked the
Romanian court, which had never been,
to say the least, puritanical. Again Ferdi-
nand stormed-uselessly. The year was
1925. Queen Alexandra lay dead in Lon
don, and Ferdinand, seeing a chance to
remove Carol from Lupescu, even for
while, sent him to London to represent
the Romanian royal family at the
funeral
On his return journey to Bucharest,
Carol stepped off the train in Paris.
There, on. the platform, stood Magda
Lupescu. A clever woman can thwart
even King.
The pair did not return to Bucharest.
Carol put away his title, adopting the
Evening star., 1944-09-10

incognito Of M. Carol Caraiman. And,
while Ferdinand rallied and Helen wept,
the pair settled down to life in Paris
ignored by the courts of Europe, but
apparently happy enough for a time
among a circle of cosmopolitan friends.
In 1926, old Ferdinand, wearying of his
attempts to bring his wayward son back
to Helen and the life of an heir appar-
ent to the throne, signed decree deny
ing Carols right of succession and max
ing the boy prince, Michael. his heir
to the crown
Two years later Helen Of Greece, her
patience gone and her pride deeply
wounded, formally divorced Carol in
the courts Of Bucharest.
Meanwhile, on July 20, 1927, King
Ferdinand died. Young Prince Michael,
only years old, was proclaimed King
under regency composed Of his uncle,
Prince Nicholas, Carols younger broth
er, and Queen-Mother Marie, whose trip
to Washington and other American
cities in 1926 made her face well known
Evening star., 1944-09-10
By Helen Rau.

WAVES may never be called upon to
handle boats, but they are certainly
going to learn to fly airplanes II they
have anything to say about it.
Since $50 WAVES from the Massa-
ch,issets and Nebraska avenue quarters
enrolled In an aviation class, 800 more
have asked to be put on the waiting list
for chance to take the course in their
time off-duty. Their enthusiasm is
shared by other woman members of the
armed services. WACS, SPARS and
lady Marines are applying daily for a
chance to enroll
This began six months ago, when
Pennsylvania Central Airlines decided
to try an experiment and offer instruc-
ton in aviation to their employees, little
dreaming that there would be an en-
rollment Of 800 with a waiting list of
another 800, and that IS per cent of the
students would be women. Now less
than half of the students are company
employees, and the uniforms of the wom-
ems armed services are predominating
at all classes.
Glass Grew Quickly
Last February 10 of the employees
asked Jim Walcroft, chief of navi-
cation training for the company, If
he would give them some help in brush
ing up for civilian pilot license examina-
tions. When Mr.. Walcroft entered the
room which had been turned over to
the students, he found class, not Of 10,
but of 105.
Things moved fast from that point on,
with company employees enrolling in
droves and asking permission to bring a
sister, brother, friend or neighbor.
According to Mr. Walcroft, since the
company was Offering the facilities of
the class room, books, maps and instru-
ments, and he was planning to devote
his spare time to the project, it seemed
just as easy to fill the room and take
everybody, with the result that he is
now teaching seven classes with an
average enrolment of 125.
Somebody's friend or sister happened
to be WAVE, and before any one
knew what happened. the place started
looking like a Navy annex during the
Walcroft classes. Male officers and
civilian Government employees turned
up for the classes too, but the women in
uniform have outnumbered them four
to one.
A poll OF some of the students re-
vealed wide variety of reasons for
studying aviation.
Many of the company employees never
intend to fly and are taking the ground
course in order to become familiar with
aviation terminology, while others who
work in the shops feel the urge to learn
to handle the planes on whose parts
they are working.
Evening star., 1944-09-10
By Adelaide Kerr,
Associated Press STAFF Writer.


With the rebirth Of the French nation,
Simone Tery, French journalist, fore
sees also a rebirth of freedom of the
press in France. in contrast to prewar
French journalism, which, she says,
largely was responsible forithe country's
fall.
Nine. Tery's prediction was made as
she discussed the French Committee of
Liberations establishment of single
French news agency with exclusive
rights to distribute all French and
foreign news within France-an act
severly criticized, even by many French,
as blow against freedom of the press.
Nine Terry, who is enroute to Algiers
to serve as war correspondent for the
French Committee Of Liberation's
Ministry of Information, earnestly de-
Tended the establishment of the agency
as championing freedom of the press,
not thwarting it.
TT may look like dictatorship, but
it's not" she said. "On the contrary
it's to defend the principles Of free
dom and democracy, against those who
don't believe in it. It's a provisional
thing. It has been directed against the
old French news agency, Havas, which
passed to the control Of the NaZis. Ma
urally our government does not want
to deal with it.
THE new agency is war emergency
which will be in effect until France has
an election and chooses a government.
It answers to the general will of the
French people to have revision of the
press in France. There must be new
laws to establish new freedom Of the
press there"
AS she discussed French journalism
Evening star., 1944-09-10


A. P. Photo.
to millions of newspaper readers in this
country.
It was at this period that Michael be-
came as familiar to American parents
as their own children. American news
papers were filed Sunday after Sunday
with his pictures and with hundreds Of
feature stories about his toys and the
kite given to him by the American Min
ister, William S. Culbertson, with whose
children the boy King often played in
the royal gardens. The idea of hand
some little boy whose speech was hardly
beyond baby prattle sitting on the
throne of European kingdom caught
the imagination of Americans. He was,
at this period, perhaps the most talked
of child in the world.
This seems likely place-although it
is parenthetical in the general narra-
tive to project Michaels life story on
to manhood. He spent most OF his
young boyhood in Bucharest with his
mother and grandmother, Queen Marie,
sometimes going with Helen on trips to
her native Greece or on vacations IN
Italy.
He was when bis father returned to
Romania to replace him on the throne.
Carol, with judgment which did not
characterize all his actions, arranged to
give young Michael an excellent and at
the same time a democratic education.
His plan was this: State officials select
ed, without regard to money or social
rank, a class of boys Of Michaels age
from all parts Of Romania, choosing
them solely on the basis Of character
and scholarship. They, with Michael,
composed court school which was
taught by the best scholars to be found
in the kingdom. Thus he has had not
only an excellent academic training
but also has been reared in democratic
Evening star., 1944-09-10
Freedom Of the Press
For a Strong France

past, present and future-copper-haired
Nine. Terry sat forward on the edge of
her chair Sparks lit in her gray-green
eyes, and more sparks flew from her
cigarette.
Sold Out to Hitler
There was a general corruption Of
the French press, which was largely
responsible for all that happened in
France" she said in swift mixture OF
English and French. Many papers in
France received money from Hitler and
Mussolini to color the news and write
the politics that suited them. It's easy
to understand. There were many news
papers in France-more than 100 in
Paris alone. French newspapers can't
live on their circulation, and their ad-
vertisement is not sufficient to cover
their expenses. So they had to rely on
other sources-often mpure-to 60 on
living.
"Since the days of the italian sane
tions many Of those papers defended
Mussolini and followed Laval's policy
to boycott the sanctions against Italy.
The same papers made campaigns
against England in order to split Eng
land and France apart. They were re-
sponsible, too, for the failure Of the
alliance with the Soviet Union.
Nine. Terry ground out the last sparks
of her cigaret and said with a long.
level look. "All this was nosSible because
of the lack Of awareness and observa-
ton on the part Of the French. Now
they know better. They are going to
have a new freedom Of the press. They
will have new laws which will flx re-
sponsibility and make newspaper direc-
tors say where their money comes from.
New laws to make sure the press is free. /"
Evening star., 1944-09-10

An Army major with a strong belief
in the future of aviation said he thinks
he will feel SILLY" if he doesn't know
how to fly, while the father of two
teen-age daughters said he was taking
no chances Of being 'chauffeured" by
his children in years to come.
Has Postwar Aviation Plan
SPAR Elizabeth Grindle, storekeeper,
second class said her boy friend was
killed in a plane crash, and rather than
causing her to be plane-shy the tragedy
gave her desire to learn to fly. In
addition, she expects to make teaching
her vocation and expressed the belief
that the intelligent teaching of geogra-
ply in a postwar world will require
knowledge of aviation
WAVE Edna Crothers, specialist, third
class, said she grew up near an airplane
factory in Seattle, Wash, and has
Evening star., 1944-09-10

always had desire to know more about
planes. Besides, she expects to remain
in the Navy after the war and is hoping
for overseas duty. feeling that the
ability to pilot plane, will give her a
better chance for an interesting assign
ment.
1t q. g. Blanche De Puy has very
practical reason for wanting to learn
to fly. She is engaged to marry man
who operates an air freight business
in South America, and when she gets
out of the Navy she expects to con-
tribute more than moral support to the
family business.
Although the companys sponsorship
Of the aviation course ceases when the
students take to the air, a group of
employees have bought small flying
field at Blue Ridge, near Chantilly, Va,
and have employed instructors to give
lessons in their two small planes.
Evening star., 1944-09-10

Two more things can be said with
certainty. Foreign Commissar v. M.
Molotof assured the Romanians when
the Red Army first approached their
borders that their domestic institutions
would not be upset. Romania for CEN
turies has been a kingdom, and If Mr..
Molotof keeps his promise it seems likely
that the hoy king" will remain on the
throne with Russian support. Secondly,
Moscow has indicated in unmistakable
words that it has no use for Michaers
father, Carol II, who for two years has
been an exile in Mexico and lately, ac-
cording to reports, has been conniving
to return to Bucharest for the second
time in two decades to replace his son
on the throne.
Saga of Romanian Royalty.
Whatever turn the story may take, it
Is certain that new and perhaps
thrilling chapter is to be written in the
long saga of the Romanian royal house,
which has been more colorful, and some
times more notorious, than that OF any
in Europe.
No author penning a fanciful melo-
drama could desire more human char
acters than those who have walked the
stage of Romania in life during the last
quarter Of century.
They include a Strong-willed, life
loving Queen Mother, her charming but
indolent and dissipated son, the King;
very human little boy who took charge
of state when he was far more inter-
ested in flying kites; a beautiful, sad
eyed Queen; an authenticated adven-
turess, and, finally, sinister courtier
who came to control the boy. Story-book
material, indeed!
And the ending? That Is yet to be
written.
On the Stage of History.
Most Americans will remember In a
sketchy way some of the episodes in the
long story of Marie, Carol, Helen,
Michael and Magda Lupescu during the
years since 1921. But it seems worth
retelling now in connected way for all
the characters except Marie are still on
of the drama as they unfold through
newspaper reports may seem more real
and interesting if we remember clearly
what has gone before.
That is the justification and purpose
of this story.
We should begin, suppose, with the
first World War, when King Ferdinand
and Queen Marie, granddaughter of
Queen Victoria of England, were on the
throne. For it was then that Carol,
their son, youth of 20, commanding
Romanian regiment, showed the first
streak of that passionate willfulness
which was to characterize his life.
Meeting a beautiful commoner, Zizi
Lambino, he forgot the war and went
with her to Odessa where they were
married. This brought down on him the
wrath of his father, but he stubbornly
stood by zizi, who had borne him a
child.
Queen Marie's entreaties however in
time accomplished what King Ferdi-
nand's storming could not. In 1921 Carol
agreed to divorce Zizi and very shortly
his marriage was arranged to a woman
Princess Helen of Greece. They were
married at Athens on March 10, 1921,
amid great rejoicing by both Greeks
and Romanians, and later that veal
young Michael was born.
For a few years it seemed that Prince
Evening star., 1944-09-10

Carol, after youthful fling, had become
exactly what Marie and the Romanian
government wanted him to be: A seri-
Gus young man. married to a woman of
royal blood and with a male heir who
would, many years hence, succeed him
became not only an avid sportsman, but
also q student.
Then one day in the winter Of 1924 at
formal reception he met Magda
Lupescu, who was to change the entire
course of his life The divorced wife of
Evening star., 1944-09-10

Gen. John J. PerShing, CON-
mdader in chief of the Amer
ican Erpeditionary Forces in
World War I, as he appeared
at the height OF his military
career. Wide World Photo.
battle for life amazed doctors who had
despaired Of his recovering.
Still Soldier
The Pershing figure, long and last
word in military erectness Is a bit
stopped now and notice ably fragile. His
eyes, however. are bright, his voice is
firm and clear, and there is still
soldierly set to his shoulders.
BLACK Jack" Pershing has given up
any plans for making another visit to
the graves Of his 1918 Yanks in France,
but he's confident he will see complete
triumph Of their sons in the Pacific as
well as in Europe.