davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1944-11-25
'Strasbourg Is Noted
For 'Marsei|Iaise'
And Gutenberg Ties

Strasbourg, again caught In the
shifting tides of war, repeatedly
has been fought over in the strug-
giles between Germany and France
for the buffer area of Akace-Lor-
raine, says the National Geographic
Society. The printing press and a
world-renowned song have helped
its fame. There Gutenberg carried
on his early experiments in print
ing, and there also Rouget de Lisle
composed the bestowed revolution
ary anthem which came to be called
The Marseillaise.
A city Of 10000 before the war,
combining French and German in
fluences. Strasbourg is q rail center
on the French side of the Rhine.
1t hes at the head Of navigation on
that great river highway. The city
is at the Rhine end Of the Rhine
Rhone Canal. Crossing the Rhine,
highways from Strasbourg run
north to karlsruhe and the North
ern Rhineland, south to Freiburg,
and east through the Black Forest
to Stuttgart and Nurnberg.
The Rhine is a first-class trade
artery only to Mannheim, but is
navigable to strasbourg. A million
and a half tons Of shipping were
landed annually at Strasbourg's
Rhine River port in prewar years,
mostly from barges towed up the
river.
Strasbours Is noted for its cathe-
dral. with rose window 50 feet In
diameter; for its university, where
Goethe studied, and for its pate de
toie gras goose livers). The goose
Is the national bird" of Stras-
bourg, represented in china rep
licas in many shop windows.
With rail and cheap river trans
portation to bring coal and iron ore
from the Ruhr and Saar Valleys,
many heavy industries developed at
Strasbourg, later aided by hydro
electric power from Switzerland
and the Vosges Mountains.
Argentoratum to the Romans,
Strasbourg was founded on an
island in the Ill River, at some
prehistoric date, and only gradually
extended eastward to the Rhine.
With Its several water courses II
presents Venetian aspects. Before
the war there remained medieval
haf-timbered houses with protrud-
ing upper stories, gabled roofs and
windows; Gothic churches and
stately stone buildings of Renais-
sance design.
Evening star., 1944-11-25
War Writers Casualties
Rise to so q Month
, tha ASsnniatad pras.

BY the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, Nov. 25.-Editor and
Publisher, newspaper trade maga-
zine, said today an analysis of
casualties among American war
correspondents showed "a steady in
crease paralleling Americas expand
ing war activity" from a 8 per cent
a month at the start of the war to
a current figure Of SO per cent.
In an article describing hazards
encountered and anticipated, the
magazine studied the deaths OF &c
correspondents and the wounding OF
100, finding "a sharply mounting in
cidence after the opening Of each
campaign"
Evening star., 1944-11-25
Tokyo Is Ripe Plum for B-29s,
Hub of Jap Life and Industry

have gathered to pay homage to the
Mikado or celebrate victories.
Ranged about the palace are the
government buildings. including the
general staff, war Office and navy
Office buildings and the official resi-
dence of Premier Kuniaki Koiso,
from which the real government of
the empire is conducted. Nearby,
beyond the palace plaza, is thickly
congested section of modern build
ings, the Marunouchi district, eco
nomic capital.
Railways Start There.
Here also is Toxic Central Sta
ton, hub of the country's communi-
cations system. No railways run
through Tokyo. All start there.
Industry of all kinds Grams the
wards around the rim Of the city.
Formerly most of the factories were
given over to textiles, papermaking,
food processing. light consumers in
dustries. Nearly all these now have
been converted to war purposes
Tokyo's industrial fringe offers one
Of the most inviting military targets
in the world. The Doolittle raiders
slashed at those industrial wards
and it is likely the Super Fortresses
fixed their bombsishts on the same
districts.
Five-eighths of Tokyo was de-
stroyed in the great earthquake and
fire of 1923. Most of the destroyed
part was replaced by what were to
be temporary buildings, "barracks," "
the Japanese called them, light,
jerry-built structures, easily infiam-
mable. AS time went by and mill
tary needs took all the money, these
temporary buildings remained. There
are, however, considerable blocks Of
steel and concrete construction that
probably would Withstand fre, If not
blockbusters.
Evening star., 1944-11-25
1000 j. ). bombers
Raid Nazi Refinery
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
LONDON, Nov. 25.-More than
1000 American heavy bombers ac-
companied by an equal number OF
fighter escorts bombed the Leuna
synthetic oil refinery at Merseburg
today-the second time in less than
q week-with more than 5000 tons
Of explosives.
The Flying Fortresses and Liberia
tors were accompanied by more than
1000 Thunderbolts, Mustangs and
Lightnings Of both the United States
9th and 9th Air Forces.
Heavy bombardment of German
targets-principally oil in recent
months-had been interrupted yes
terday by unfavorable weather. How
ever, several squadrons of Mosquitoes
attacked Berlin in the night with
two-ton blockbusters.
Heavy bombers of the Strategic
Air Force in Italy attacked targets
In the Linz and Munich areas last
night.
A small number of planes from
Italy also bombed near Innsbruck In
Austria.
Evening star., 1944-11-25
japanese People Told
They Need Not Fear
Future Big Attacks
BY the Associated Press.

Kenichi Kumagai, Japans as
sistant air-raid defense chief, has
assured the Japanese people they
have nothing to fear in air raids We,
to come. the Tokyo radio said today
If we continue to act at this
tempo" the radio, heard by the
Federal Communications Commits
sion. quoted him as saying, there
is not the least need for fear in fu-
ture raids"
The BIO attack yesterday, he
said, was less a real raid than "a
bombing raid for the purpose of re-
connaissance" In another broadcast
Domei, the Japanese news agency
called 1t a propaganda attack"
Kumagai declared yesterdays raid
would mean increased production
because 1t had heightened the
anger of the industrial soldier"
Domei said the B-29s maintained
high attitudes ''of 5000 to 10000
meters" and carried only a light
load of small caliber missiles and
incendiary bombs" because OF fear
of the Japanese "interceptors and
antiaircraft batteries"
The Super Fortresses were mot
able to achieve much of anything"
the Tokyo radio told the Japanese.
Substantial bomb tonnages
were dropped on selected targets
in the industrial area, the Goth
Air Force headquarters in Wash
ington reported)
; Daily practices and preparation
Of the mind" prevented panic, the
Japanese broadcast added.
Safety devices found on q B-29,
which the Tokyo radio said was
salvaged almost intact" after 4
recent raid, illustrated the cow
ardice" of American sviators, a third
broadcast said.
Evening star., 1944-11-25
Philippines
Continued From First Page.)

of Leyte. Two transports, of 11,OOC
and 1000 tons, were sunk along with
the destroyer, and a third 5000
ton transport was set ablaze and
beached. All hands aboard the
destroyer were reported to have
persisted.
American forces were systematical-
ly knocking out enemy strong points
on an eminence designated as Hill
1925, on the American east flank. In
the Minoro area, south of Capoocan,
japanese units have been broken up
into a series Of small groups which
are putting up desperate fight, the
communique reported.
In the wide ranging air battles
Capt Robert W. Aschenbrener, Lac
du Flambeau. Wis, downed at least
four Japanese to run his score to
seven. At least three were credited
to Capt. William Drier, ST. Louis
and 1t. John Pietz, Valley Stream
Long Island, and 1t. Kenneth Hart
Martinez, Calf, got three each.
In the major air action south o,
the Philippines, a fight OF bomb.
carrying P-38 fighters swept ovel
Macassar in a surprise low-level at.
tack Wednesday. They destroyed 81
Japanese planes on Mandai Air
drome, sank q large freighter and .
gunboat in the harbor and damaged
nine other cargo ships.
That night the Japanese made on
Of their heaviest raids on Morotai
American air base island 300 mile
south of the Philippines. Nine at
tacking bombers dropped their load
accurately on American instaua
tons, causing some damage ant
casualties. One was shot down.
Evening star., 1944-11-25
Social Security Tax
Boost Of 50% May
End Congress / Conflict
~ the Associated Press.

~ the Associated Press.
Whether the historic Seventy
eighth Congress will end In har-
mony or In bitter strife was figured
today on q slim one-half of / pc,
cent.
That was the measure Of q pro-
posed compromise, passed along the
corridors, in the brewing controversy
over efforts to freeze" the social
security tax at / per cent instead
Of letting 1t rise automatically jan
uary / to 2 per cent, as the law now
provides and as the administration
wishes.
Those seeking to avoid another
showdown fight between the White
House and Observation-Disclosures
indicated willingness to split the
difference-and let the tax 60 tc
IN per cent.
The l per cent tax, supporting the
old-age and survivors insurance
program, now is yielding about ST..
500 ,000, 900 annually for the pro-
grams reserve fund. "Freezists'
and "anti-freezists" differ on 1heth.
er the increased tax Is needed te
guarantee healthy condition TO,
this fund.
And the "freezists" were not sure
they could override q veto, II sue.
cessful in passing their bill.
The House Ways and Mean.
Committee, in its first postelectior
meeting yesterday, opened the way
for a battle, If not a compromise
by calling open hearings beginning
Monday on whether ito freeze OF
not to freeze"
The committee, ignoring a request
by President Roosevelt, refused by
a 15-to-s vote to consider legisla
ton to revive Federal minimum
price regulations in the bituminous
coal industry. The price program
died last year when the committee
voted against an extension of it.
powers
Mr.. Roosevelt, In letter to Rep
resentative Flanagan, Democrat
Of Virginia had asked renewal OF
the act, saying "chaos will again
threaten If the (soft coaD industry
returns to the old ways Of cut
throat competition.
Friends of the coal-control pro-
gram said they will renew theil
efforts in the new Congress conven-
ing January 3.
Evening star., 1944-11-25
'Nubbins' Is Improving,
Denver Specialist Says ,

BY the Associated Press.
DENVER, Nov. 25-It's tough, slow
going for little Forest "Nubbins"
Hoffman, but the progress is in the
right direction, his physician said
yesterday.
The 3-year-old boy is much i'm
proved and is looking little better
than when he arrived at the hos
pital, said a Denver urologist now In
charge OF the case.
"Nubbins." son Of Mr.. and Mrs.
Marshall Hoffman of Cheyenne,
Wyo, Is in a serious condition caused
by a bladder obstruction which has
destroyed one kidney and badly
damaged the other.
Evening star., 1944-11-25
BY the Associated Press

bs the ASSOClkteQ HTeSS.
Tokyo, bombed yesterday by a
large force of B-29 Super Fortresses
is the capital of an empire which
now claims dominion over nearly q
half billion human beings. Too, II
is seat OF Japan's military, political
and economic power, home of the
Emperor and therefore fountain
head of the fanatical worship which
was a mighty factor in setting JAP
anese legions marching.
1t is the worlds third largest city
The japanese insist it is second
ranked only by New York. with
London third. This calculation IL
based on figures that shear the
suburbs away from London. 1t is
certainly the second largest city to
know the horrors of air lombard
ment, surpassed only by London, II
you accept the non-Japanese figures
Five years ago a census gave
Tokyo $500, 900 inhabitants. Almost
certainly the booming war indus
tries have raised that figure above
i,VVV,UOU, perhaps 1,ouO,UOO.
Palace At Heart of City.
Tokyo sprawls over some 225
square miles running back from the
reclaimed lands along Tokyo Bay
across some low hills into the Musa-
shi Plain beyond. 1t is subdivided
into IS wards, OF which Is make up
the old city. Twenty have been
added in the last dozen years as the
city engulfed the outlying towns and
villages.
At its heart lies the palace Of the
Emperor, shut of from the public
eye by hoary stone walls some 500
years old, rising beyond a broad
moat. This is the true heart of the
empire. In the huge plaza before
the big double bridge spanning the
moat great patriotic congregations
Evening star., 1944-11-25

of the Philippines. The report is
wholly unconf1rmed by Allied
sources.
The communique. broadcast by
Tokyo radio and recorded by the
Federal Communications Commits
sion, said II aircraft failed to return
from this and other raids on Leyte
and Morotai Island Wednesday and
Thursday.
An English language broadcast
claimed that in the two-day strike
at Morotai IA planes were set afire
and seven damaged.
Evening star., 1944-11-25
Russia
Continued From First Page. J

edged q German retreat In slovAkia.
west Of Ungvar.
Gen. Ivan Petrov's 4th Ukraine
Army troops yesterday seized nine
localities on the 25-mile front west
of Ungvar, Moscow said, and with
the capture Of Monca, 8 miles SOUTH
west Of Ungvar, were within IS
miles OF Kassa.
Berlin reported that Russian
troops, crossing an eastern arm Of
the Danube below Budapest for .
landing on narrow Csepel Island,
had advanced 4 miles and reached
Tokol, q town on the western shore
Of the island 7 miles south of the
Magyar capital.
Moscow has not confirmed this
operation, but yesterdays commune
que said Soviet troops fighting at
the northern approaches Of Budapest
had captured the village Of Bag, is
miles northeast of the capital.
Evening star., 1944-11-25
Robert B. Berberich
Rites Held at Shrine

Requiem mass for Robert B. Ber-
berich. 40, of 20l1 Klinsle road NV.
who died Wednesday at Emergency
Hospital was celebrated today at the
Shrine OF the Sacred Heart. Burial
was In st. Mary's Cemetery.
Mr.. Berberich, native Of the Dis
trict, had been shoe buyer TO
Raleigh Haberdasher for the last
dve years.
Evening star., 1944-11-25
Restricted Meat Sales
To Continue 10 1916
Despite Nazis' Defeat
BY the Associated Press

BY the Associated Press.
RAtioning or other restrictions On
civilian consumption Of better grades
|of meats may be maintained
throughout 1945 and possibly into
1916 even If the European phase
of the war should end early next
year.
This prospect was pictured by the
War Food Administration yesterday
in a report indicating that 1945
production of all meats will be
l 900, 900 900 pounds less than this
years indicated output Of 24,e0o,-
600 900 pounds.
The food agency said the per
capita supply for civilians will be
about 1913 pounds next year If the
war in Europe should continue
through 1946, and about 1872 pounds
should the Germans be defeated
within the next few months. In
either case, the per capita supply
would be considerably below this
years estimated consumption Of l43
pounds.
Meat supplies will be smaller
largely because farmers, faced with
reduced feed supplies, have cut down
on production Of hogs.
The 1945 meat production Is ex-
pected to total 9,975 ,000. 900 pounds
of beef, 1,56s, 900 900 pounds OF veal,
s60, 900 900 pounds Of lamb and NUT
pork.
The per capita civilian supply
would be divided as follows should
the war continue through next year
Beef, sos pounds; veal, 100; lamb
and mutton, 40, and pork, 47.3, The
supply would be as follows should
the war end early in the year: Beef,
500; veal, IL; lamb and mutton,
5.3, and pork, $751;.
Evening star., 1944-11-25
Continued From First Pare. }

are bombing the Japanese war ma.
chine" he said. when we have
seriously crippled the war indus
tries, all the toughness in the world
won't save the Japanese"
Gen. Harmon, deputy commander
OF the Goth Air Force, indicated q
black prospect for Japan, saying:
THE time is not far now when
Japan will be subjected to the COM
bined efforts OF air units based from
Alaska through the Philippines and
over CHINA ring of air effort
focused on the imperial empire"
Qn Washington, Gen. Henry H.
Arnold, commander of the goth
Air Force, said "Tokyo's war in
dustries have been badly hurt by
blow made possible by the
Americans who fought and died
for the Marianas." He said Japan
would be hit from two sides by
American bombers based in China
and on Saipan.
(The War Department said yes-
terday Gen. Arnold would pre-
sent the latest available informa-
ton" on the Tokyo attack when
he appears on the Army Hour
over NBC between $3.50 and 4::30
pm, Eastern war time, Sunday)
The Super Forts, despite earlier
reconnaissance flights, took then
by surprise" said Brig. Gen. Emmett
(Rosie) O'Donnell, Jamaica, N. Y.
dight leader.
Opposition was almost nil, he said
Certainly they weren't up tt
meet us in their fighters, and theil
ack-ack was meager and inaccurate,
said the former West Point football
coach who had flown Flying For.
tresses in the Philippines, Java ane
Australia.
att was one of the easiest mis-.
sions I've been on"
The operation was under com.
naand Of Brig. Gen. Haywood s
Hansell, jr., head of the 2lst Bombe,
Command, freshly established as 9
section of the Goth Air Force, which
has carried out numerous raid,
from China bases on industrial sites
In the Southern Japanese island o,
Kyushu.
Gen. Arnold yesterday sent this
message to Gen. Haywood s. Han.
sell:
"You have successfully engaged
the enemy in the very heart Of hi.
empire. This marks the beginnine
of what know will be a most dis.
tinguished career for the 2lst Bomb
er Command. We are proud of you
Good luck and God bless you"
Conquest Of Saipan in the Mari.
anas was completed last July 8 aftel
a25-day campaign, and Immediately
work began on airstrips to accom-.
naodate the big bombers.
Japan evidently knew what wa.
shaping up in those islands 1.50t
miles from Tokyo. Earlier thi,
month the Americans fought Of
several air assaults ostensibly aimee
et Gripping the B-29 base.
Evening star., 1944-11-25
Blanket Of Secrecy
Partly Lifted From
|Norden Bombsiqht
By the Associated Press.

~ thc AssOClSt6u EIebos
WRIGHT FIELD, Ohio, Nov. 25.-
The Army Air Forces. partially Lift
ing for the hrst time 4 blanket OF
secrecy that has shrouded the
famed Norden bombsight, described
it last night as mass OF gears,
prisms, cams, lenses and mirrors"
that solve bombing equations in
stantly.
Several OF the sights have fallen
into enemy hands, the Air Techni-
cal Service Command reported, but
added 1t would take the enemy two
years to unravel the manufacturing
and assembling techniques and put
the sight into production. BY then,
ATSC said, the Air Force will have
perfected SO many improvements as
to make the captured units obsolete.
1t. Gen. William s. Knudsen, di-
rector of the ATSC, said the sight
was composed Of two elements-one
contains the sighting telescope,
computing mechanism and vertical,
gyroScope; the other is q directional
gyro. The entire OUTFIT will At In an
overnight bag.
Lag, Range Involved.
Gen. Knudsen, in relating how
the bombsight works, pointed out
that bomb does not strike direct
ly under the releasing plane but
lands a short distance back, and the
lag Is known as trail" The distance
from the point of release to the tar
get is the range" and it is the angle
of range that the bombsight must
determine.
AS the plane approaches a bomb
ing run, Gen. Knudsen explained,
the bombardier sets his computer
for trail" and the time 1t will take
the bomb to fall. With the gyro-
scope spinning, the bombardier then
tracks his target by holding the
cross-hairs on 1t for a few seconds,
meanwhile making corrections for
drift and other variables.
When the cross-hairs automati-
cally remain on the target, syn
chronization has been attained and
the sight does the rest.
Navy Reveals Details.
At the moment the plane reaches
the point of release, the sight auto
matically releases the desired num-
Der OF bombs.
Meanwhile, in New York, the Navy
gave the public another glimpse of
the famous sight-confident that
the enemy couldn't duplicate it
within the time the war is expected
to continue" said Capt. Frederick
l. Entwistle, assistant chief of re-
search in the Bureau OF Ordinances
development section, and coinventor
with Carl L. Norden.
He told newspapermen that the
device contains more than 2,0O0
parts, is manufactured in five plants
and costs around $4,000.
Sight Refused Allies.
He described the bombsight, a
stabilizer hitting into an upper part
resembling a football, as simply a
precision instrument which not only
assures delivery OF the bomb on
small precision targets, but also
automatically directs and controls
the plane to the target"
He said the British had asked for
the sight almost continuously" and
that Russia also had requested it.
both unsuccessfully.
The sight was developed between
1921 and 1881, Capt. Entvistle said.
Asked why his connection with 1t
never had been disclosed. he replied:
That's the way We do things in the
Navy" He added that the sight was
being improved regularly and that
there was mo indication yet Of any
sight In the world that equals the
Norden sight"
Evening star., 1944-11-25
Hemingway Is at Front

PARIS, Nov. Is (P.-The novelist
Ernest Hemingway Is working hard
as . correspondent with the United
States LIST Army, supreme headquar-
ters reported yesterday to quiet
rumors circulating in London that
he was taken prisoner two weeks
ago
Evening star., 1944-11-25
Borders Urqe War Bonds

CHICAGO (P.-Members OF thu
Master BARRIERS Association ol
Chicago have added q briehtener te
their usual line of conversation
Instead Of the familiar next" the
BARRIERS have adopted q new slogan
good morning, have you bought q
War Bond today?"
Evening star., 1944-11-25
Four Of QuintupIets
In Bruzil Neur Deuth

~ the Associated Press.
RIO De JANEIRO. Nov. 49,
Physicians ut vitor Amaral Ma
ternity Hospital In Curtibia said
terday that four Of the quintuplet
= born Wednesday night were
oy1ng. The dfth was dead at birth.
Evening star., 1944-11-25
laps Claim Sinking
OF Two Transports
BY the Associated Press

By the Associated Press.
A Jananese imperial communique
today claimed that raiding Japanese
planes sank two American trans
ports and damaged another trans
port and destroyer in Leyte Gulf
Evening star., 1944-11-25

The military organization involved
was not identified by name. How
ever the Stern gang, group Of ex-
treme Jewish nationalists, has been
under investigation since the assax-
sination Of Lord Moyne, British min
lister Of state resident In the Middle
East, In Cairo November 8.
British Palestine police charged
that the two men who shot and
killed Lord Moyne and his chauffeur
were Stern gangsters. Prime Min
lister Churchill warned the Jews Of
Palestine and the world In = House
Of Commons address last week to
purge terrorist gangs to protect the
future Of Zionisp.
Evening star., 1944-11-25

Insure your future security by
buying War Bonds and hanging on
10 them!
Evening star., 1944-11-25
Sixteen Seized by Police
In Two Haifa Raids

By the Associated Press.
JERUSALEM, Nov. 25.-An on
cial statement announced that 1e
persons known or suspected to be
members Of . national military or
ganization were arrested In two po-
lice raids at the Palestine port OF
Haifa today.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-08-23
IL. ". DURLING

Thou ort my peace, thou art my
rest.
WITH thee nm forercr blessed
Thg lore cpdoWs me- DOB thtoe
eUcs,
Thy glance mi oioo me g'orifcs.
Throggh the 0b0rc myself IHh
M guiding spuit,I mn better l.
-Ructcrt.
HOW many successful men
IL do YOU know who neither
drink alcoholic liquors or
smoke Anyway you can add
Gen Montgomery ot mt Brit
i>h Eighth Army 10 sour list
The general doesn swear.
either and he reads The Bible
every night
Bcine a breakfast ran. ! vas
attracted by d London news
pape. item which described
Gen Montgomery tavortc
-rrr0rrrrrr---- rrrr';rfi SAID ff-7T
breakfast the general likes fried
bread bubble and squeak and
porrldge ON the porudCe. he
uses salt instead OF sugar and
plenty OF hot milk
Very interesting, But what is
Bubble and squeak?
4 TOWN with 1900 adult
- females and only ono
beauty shop That is Haniord.
Wash. war industry center and
boom town
The Libra people are going
TO have two wonderful years
starting now" states a star
gaLcr
/ nope he X right Cen ElScn-
hover IS A Libra and that old