davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1944-03-31
Still Short of Quote

Last year at this time about 400 900
contributors had raised 96 per cent
Of the money sought for the Red
Cross War Fund. Not counting re-
ports to be made today, some 800 900
contributors thus far have donated
81 per cent OF the District quota.
But they have contributed more
than at the comparable stage of last
years campaign, in keeping with the
increased demand and the higher
quota.
The fact that campaign workers
are behind in their individual solici-
tations undoubtedly is explained in
large part by the bad weather this
month. The weather slowed up the
campaign, making an extension into
April inevitable. The risk to be
avoided now is any impression that
the campaign is over. The campaign
should not only 60 forward until all
the money sought is in hand; 1t
should be extended long enough to
give every potential contributor the
opportunity to make a gift. The
quota should be expressed In number
OF contributors as well as In dollars
and cents.
Evening star., 1944-03-31
Constantine Bro1vn

they heard Of the recognition of Ba-
doglio by Moscow,
These Communist leaders, it seems.
face considerable handicaps in their
efforts to line up behind them the work.
ing classes of Southern Italy. The pro-
letariat in that area is badly fed, worse
fed under Americans because of our
lack of shipping, than under the Ger
man regime of last summer. They are
discontented and do not respond readily
to the appeals Of the Communist leaders.
They know that the working classes
in Northern Italy under the Germans
and the Republican Fascism" of what
Is left of Mussolinis regime enjoy better
food and working conditions. For the
Republican Fascists" have practiced
clever demagogy, processing to lead the
Northern Italian masses against the in
dustrialists and the rich. This news
percolates into Southern Italy.
xt
Hence Communist papers in western
countries have recently pointed to a
"Trotskyite" menace in Southern Italv
When Communists use the term "Trot.
skyite," they really mean any elements
which go farther in demagogy than
themselves in stirring up the working
classes, thereby threatening the hold
which the Communists seek to obtain
over these masses.
Actually, there are few, if any, followers
OF the late Leon Trotsky in that area.
But there are always individual labor
Leaders who are not Communists and
VINO refuse to follow slavishly the line
laid down by Moscow Moscow may fear
that such labor leaders would take the
ball away from the local Communist
leaders in Southern italy.
Evening star., 1944-03-31

as recently as November, 1889, when the
Congress repealed the arms embargo
and took the first step toward helping
the Allies And now some of the crit
icism is coming from Republicans who
themselves have never made clear what
they want by way of foreign policy, but
who insist that whatever our policy
happens to be, it is not clear enough
or something.
Much of the attack centers on the
Secretary of State, Cordell Hull, whose
patient labors over the last several
decades in favor of international CO.
operation and as against economic ma
tionalism ought to be clear to anybody
who is fair in examining the record.
One of the mistakes President Wilson
made was not to consult congressional
committees on foreign policy, though
few people realize how many of the
suggestions made by the Republican
leaders were actually accepted by Mr..
Wilson In 1919 and embodied in the Gov
enant of the League of Nations.
Evening star., 1944-03-31

Sir George Younghusband in his ad-
nirable book, Indian Frontier War
fare" points out:
There is probably no form of warfare
which tries more highly the attributes
of the individual soldier than fighting
in forests, thick bush, or jungle. The
routes through such districts are, as a
rule, merely single-file tracks, which
meander from village to village; the view
is strictly limited, while every tree or
bush or clump Of grass may hold
concealed enemy ready to open fire at
a range OF perhaps only 20 yards.
But difficult and dangerous as the work
is to the individual soldier, his superior
officers have far more trying and re-
sponsible task. To maneuver even small
bodies of troops in the face of a con-
cealed enemy, to be able to steer them
to an unseen objective along tortuous
paths, to calculate time and space SO
as to fulfill the obligation of simul-
taneous attacks from different quarters.
all these require the highest form of
skill, determination and boldness on the
part Of a commander"
When the japanese first invaded
Burma and Malaga, they displayed great
aptitude in this difficult business Of
jungle warfare, and aptitude which, in
some cases. was scarcely equalled by
their British, Chinese and Indian op-
ponents. But it is perfectly clear that
training and experience have altered
this situation and perhaps the most
cheerful news from Burma now is the
evidence that in jungle fighting, the
officers and men of the Allied forces,
whether British, American, Indian or
Chinese, are fully the. equals and, in
most cases. the masters Of their Jhpa-
nese opponents.
Evening star., 1944-03-31
Evening Chores

There is something in measuring Grain
into the 1cooden feed bores at nioht
Or hearing horses champ the sound
1Dhite corn,
That somehow makes q mans aUorld
seem all right.
The splash OF milk 1oithin a bio tin nail
The neD calf bedded doUn in cloper
hay,
Is joy enough for any man to find
At the close OF long and aDeary dav.
lantern carried in a swinging hand
That iDeaOes its gloW doDn through
the stables gloom
Is a single man. made star that s,pinos
alone
Till a0elcome makes the kitchen win-
doW bloom
Then do1Dn the shed and through each
StraD-clean stall,
With doors made fast and each one
bolted tight,
A man goes phistling through his
friendly gate,
His lantern swinging ,Uide against the
night.
This is all ask, aDhen tDar is done,
And return to nay peaceful shores,
Just giue me fields to plolD and seed to
solD,
A swinging lantern and the epening
chores.
ALMA ROBSON H1osEr.
Evening star., 1944-03-31

action to be taken in the general in
terest"
From the viewpoint of humanity, this
solution will involve the forcible depor-
tation of new millions of human beings.
1t is said that the transfers of popula-
ton will be somewhat less" than Hit
ler'S! Even this Is not true The trans
fers made by Hitler will be re-trens-
ferred, and atop that will come new
forced migrations.
From the point OF view of power poll
tics, this solution" is guarantee
against Europe ever becoming, in her
SELF an autonomous power, or group of
powers, capable of exercising influence
and responsibility comparable with the
other three in the councils of nations.
or of rationalizing her own political and
economic life.
1t is thus a revival of the old concept
OF divide and rule in Europe plus the
balance of power.
There is such thing as Europe, re-
gardless of the nations that compose it.
1t is an historic and cultural entity,
visible, recognizable and definable. 1t
is a civilization. Roughly speaking it
reaches as far as the western churches,
Catholic and Protestant reach. Beyond
is Byzantium, with spheres of transition.
1t reaches as far as there have been
for centuries systems based on codified
law-whether the Roman law, or the
common law of the northern peoples
from which our own derives.
1t reaches as far as the traditions of
the universities, founded in the Middle
Ages, and uniting until Hitler, European
civilization.
And as far as Europe reaches. there
is tradition as deep as that of Eng
land and the United States, of the free
dom of the individual person, limiting
the power of the state. The tragedy of
Hitler's revolution was that it was
revolt from this civilization on which Is
based the whole of what we know as
humanism.
The great question confronting us i
Evening star., 1944-03-31
Maj. George Fielding Eliot

between Mandalay and Myitkyina where
the railway and the river come so close
together. AS for the road, it roughly
parallels the railway line.
therefore, control by our air-borne
forces OF the points mentioned would
definitely cut all means of communica-
ton between the Japanese forces in
Northern Burma and their sources of
supply and reinforcement. 1t is, of
course, to be supposed that considerable
advance depots have been established in
such places as Myitkyina and Bhama.
but when these are exhausted, the jap
anese have no means of replenishing
them-except, of course, by air, and
from what We have seen of Japanese
air efficiency in Burma, it is difficult to
suppose that they can do very much in
this way.
What is now developing is fight for
the Key points OF Myitkyina and Bhama
and therefore for the opening of road
communications to China from Lodo,
The advantages seem to be on the
Allied side so far and we will continue
to enjoy those advantages if the jap
aneSe prove unable to reopen their
severed lines of communications.
1t is particularly interesting to note
that the japanese attempt at a diver
sion-that is, their offensive in the
Manipur area-has not diminished, ap-
parently, the efforts being put forward
in the direction of Myitkyina. In fact,
there are signs in the most recent COM
munique from the Southeast Asia Com
mand that the Japanese are now en-
countering the real defensive strength of
the Anglo-Indian forces and are being
checked. The extraordinarily difficult
conditions OF warfare in this area have
perhaps not been generally understood.
Evening star., 1944-03-31
Letters to The Star
Wants Peace League Organized
By English-Speakins Nations.

To the Editor Of The Star:
Mankind has had SUFFICIENT experience
with government to organize a league
of nations which should insure perpetual
peace, freedom from fear and want, and
freedom of religion and speech, yet
guarantee to each nation its own form
of government and to every nationality
its own language and culture.
The Welsh, the Scots and the Britons
are nationalities, but for centuries they
have not been nations. They have
learned the wisdom of '.live and let live"
within the bounds of the British En-
pire. They do not work at cross pur-
poses. They enjoy mutual economic
advantages such as freedom from tariffs
and other artificial barriers, mutual
exploitation of all their resources and
lower taxation than otherwise would be
necessary to support expensive diplo-
matte corps and maintain huge armies.
Their democracy is sure to survive.
Continental Europe with the excep-
tion OF Russia is politically organized so
that every nationality is also nation.
Self-determination in practice means
obstruction of trade. Tariff walls and
611 ACio bACC0 JCdlOuolcS dIlQ lldJTcO.
Aggressive nationalities begin to think
they are superior races and move to
enslave minorities and suppress their
cultural attainments. Wars result from
their proceedings.
But over 200 different nationalities
live in peace and harmony in Soviet
Russia. Each is permitted to teach and
maintain its own language and culture.
AT first, the Soviets centralized all their
functions at Moscow to insure the sur
vival Of their economic system; now
they are making practical application
OF the principle Of live and let live" by
creating 16 autonomous republics. The
Soviets' new policy is to make practical
application of the principles of the At
lantic Charter together with the col
lective experience of sound government.
SO that framework for a continental
European league of nations is forged.
II the l6 autonomous republics, bound
together by brotherhood and advantaged
by joint exploitation of their common
resources under the Soviet banner de-
velop economic stability and protect the
political, religious and cultural rights of
all mlnorltles, the world may expect that
upon the termination of the prevailing
European conflict all the governments
OF continental Europe will seek union
on an autonomous basis with the So
viets.
The English-speaking democracies
meanwhile should take the leadership
In organizing among the % United Ma
tions a league of nations based on the
principles OF the Atlantic Charter. This
move, like woodrow Wilson'S IA points,
might hasten the termination of the
war. 1t would indicate to all the peoples
the type of civilization we may enioy
after the end of the present struggle.
RICHARD j. zAVERTNIK.
Chicago.
Evening star., 1944-03-31

Philip G. Cochran's American Air Com
mandos' Headquarters. He points out
that the Japanese "for many, days" have
been unable to move supplies northward
"by road, railway or river. The only
railway running north has been cut. The
main jungle highway has been blocked.
The Irrawaddy River has also been
blocked"
X ~
Interpreting this definite information
in the light of hints cleaned from the
extremely cautious communiques, it
would seem probable that Allied airborne
forces are virtually in control of the
area -Indaw-Katha Mawlu and
Indaw are stations on the main north
south railway between Mandalay and
Myitkyina. Between these two stations
Is the junction of Nabu, where a short
branch line Of the railroad runs through
a gap in the hills down to the IRA
waddy at Katha. There Is no other area
Evening star., 1944-03-31
They Cancel Out

Those Americans who believe, or
profess to believe, that the British
lead our foreign policy makers
around by the nose should be in
terested in the fact that Foreign
Secretary Anthony Eden has found
it necessary to issue a formal denial
that Britain is being dictated to-"
by the United States.
The State Department people, in
the eyes Of their American critics,
are amiable gentlemen and we'll in
tentioned, but altogether too naive
to cope with the willy Britishers. In
fact, listening to these pessimistic
commentators, one gets the impress
sion that we are fortunate if we can
still count forty eight States in the
Union, and that we should not be
surprised to discover any day that
we have lost our shirt in some dip
lomatic poker game.
In these gloomy circumstances, it
Is reassuring to learn that If some
Americans are afraid of the British,
there are also some Britons who are
afraid of America. This was made
clear in the House of Commons when
a Laborite member asked for as
surances that British foreign policy,
so far as Europe is concerned, would
not be wholly dictated by the
United States"
MIR. Eden replied, in effect, that
this was nonsense: that the two
governments work in close co-opera-
tion, with neither being subordinate
to the other. And, with the Amer
lean and British mutual apprehen-
sion societies canceling themselves
out, there can be little question that
this is true.
Evening star., 1944-03-31
Dorothy Thompson

not how shall we reshuf1e frontiers,
accepting in so doing the basic theses
Of Adolf Hitler-that all territories
must be contiguous, that citizenship
must be confined to members of a GER
tain race; that human beings can be
shifted regardless of ancient attach
ments, cultures, and the graveyards Of
their ancestors; and that in each area
there must be dominating power to
which all the weaker nations have to
submit.
The great question is how shall Eu-
rope be reconstructed, so that the source
OF our civilization shall bloom again
and flourish How shall frontiers in
Europe cease to be prison walls for
European people? How shall cultural
life regroup itself in organic, not arti-
ficial entities? How shall economic life
be nationally organized, and not IRA
tionally, as it has been since the atom
ization of Europe into military spheres
OF states whose economic practices were
all founded on preparation for possible
wars with their neighbors?
In two world wars Europe-Europe
as whole-has lost forever its once
dominant position in the world. But
must the result be that it is reduced to
the status of India? And must the re-
suit be that it will become first the
economic and political and eventually
the military battlefield of its "protec-
tors? For since when have three
great powers protected others mu-
tually?
If the British and American people
have been asking for outlines of for
eign policy, it has been because many
feared that this was what was being
planned-and because many, with all
que respect to their governments-be-
ieve the results in the future will be
terrible
What deterioration has set in. since
MI. Churchill's great speech more than
year ago, outlining the creation of
a Council of Europe!
Released by the Bell Syndicate, IncJ
Evening star., 1944-03-31
A Timely Proposal

|
1t is to be hoped that objections
to the resolution by Representative
Howard Smith of Virginia, setting
up special House committee to in
vestigate and report on plan for
slum elimination, can be removed
in time for its approval before the
Easter recess.
There are at least two immediate
considerations which favor prompt
action. One is the provision of the
Alley Dwelling Act arbitrarily clos
ing such dwellings by July /. 1914,
which obviously cannot be enforced
but which can cause needless confu-
sion. The other is that the nature
of the slum elimination problem
makes highly advisable some action
in the House to parallel the investi-
cation now in progress by Senator
Burton's subcommittee on the SEN
ate side.
Representative Smiths plan for a
special committee. composed of rep
resentatives of the House Appro-
priations Committee. the House Dis
trict Committee and the Committee
on Buildings and Grounds is a good
one, designed to expedite House con-
sideration of whatever legislation is
proposed. There would be available
to this committee the already ex-
haustive record of testimony before
the Senate committee. It should not
be difficult for the committee to
decide on the type of slum clearance
program that could be adopted to
supplant the ineffective deadline OF
July I for closing alley property.
This matter has been before Con-
gress since 1914. Congress plainly
has indicated it's approval of a
policy to eliminate slum districts in
Washington, but has not imple-
mented the policy with adequate
funds. Private interests are Offer
ing a definite proposition now to
take over where public housing
stopped. If acceptable, it would
change the whole approach to a
problem. the continued existence of
which is reflection on Congress
and menace to the community.
Mr.. Smiths resolution suggests an
orderly method of avoiding the con-
fusion and futility of some last min
ute action in the House which is
threatened hY the July | deadline
Evening star., 1944-03-31
DaUid Laurence

tionist, is one that ignores the fact that
the war is not yet won and that if anv
nation begins to fight the war its own
way or to relax its efforts, Germany and
Japan will be the beneficiaries,
The Republican party has a grave
responsibility the moment it begins to
heckle the administration on foreign
policy. For it may turn out that the
administration will be the beneficiary at
the polls in November of such tactics.
The one thing the Democrats probably
want to see happen more than anything
else Is the raising of the issue of foreign
policy IN the coming campaign. This is
because foreign policy and war will then
become interviewer in the public mind.
and 1t will be to the advantage of the
Democrats to subordinate domestic irri-
cations and issues and let the country
become agitated over what our foreign
policy is going to be. This, in turn, will
bring a debate on what our war policies
are to be. In the end, the argument
Will be made by the Democrats that
there must be no change in the presi-
dency and that reelection of Mr. Roose-
welt is essential to continuity of our war
effort. This would be asserted so as to
create such fears as to make many
voters afraid to risk change.
II the Republicans are so foolish as to
be caught in that political trap or rather
to put themselves into that kind of a
net through their own behavior, they
Will deserve to lose the election. The
advice given by some thoughtful Re-
publican leaders several months ago that
the two parties avoid making either
foreign policy or the war a major issue
and that the Republicans concentrate
on the shortcomings of the New Deal is
still sound political judgment.
(2nr,= d..nAA III
Evening star., 1944-03-31

Today Mr.. Hull is trying to cooper
ate with Congress. He has received %
Republican Congressman and discussed
foreign policy. He has made arrange
mentS to discuss the future interna-
tional organization for world peace with
congressional committees. It is impor-
tant that the record be made of this
effort to bring about nonpartisan con-
sideration of foreign policy, though it
may turn out that present day Repub-
licans are as partisan as were their
brethren of yesteryears.
Some of the criticism which emanated
from the conference the other day with
the Republican Congressman shows the
difficulties. If Mr.. Hull talks off the
record about delicate matters, the call
ers do not observe his confidence and
the newspapers are given by the Con-
gressmen fragmentary reports which
can lead to embarrassing relations with
Allied governments. Why talk off the
record, why not discuss everything in
public, it is asked? Much as some
Americans may be inclined to nurture
the thought, the fact is that the United
States Government is in no position to
dictate to the other sovereign govern
ments of the world. Incidentally, the
other day Anthony Eden found himself
denying vehemently in the House of
Commons the insinuation of one of its
members that the United States was
debating the foreign policy Of Great
Britain.
Neither the President nor the Secre-
tary of State can tell Russia or Britain
what to do. Each is an independent
nation with leader who has a mind
OF his own. The suggestion, sometimes
made, as a threat, that unless the Allies
do what America wants done, the United
States should withdraw and 90 isola-
Evening star., 1944-03-31
Asks About Fixing" Europe
To the Editor OF The Star:

To the Editor of The Star:
The Secretary of State says that our
paramount aim at this time is to win
the war as quickly as possible.
Check and double-check! Also amen!
what next? Well, the Secretary says
there are several "nexts" He enumer-
ates II of them-all headaches. The
first four are as follows:
l. What kind of relationship, military
or diplomatic, is this Government ready
to extend to the French Committee of
National Liberation or possibly other
patriotic groups, in preparation for the
liberation OF France by Allied invasion
armies? o.
2. Should the United States now
break relations with Finland over Hell
sinks rejection of Russia's peace terms.
which official Washington considered
lenient in view Of Finland's inevitable
defeat?
3. If Russia, whose armies are pene-
trating steadily deeper into Poland de-
cideS finally against dealing with the
Polish government in London, will the
United States (and Britain as welD
recognize new Polish government?
4. What measures is the United States
prepared to support for beginning the
political reconstruction of Italy after
Allied armies reach Rome, at which
point the Badoglio government is sup
posed to relinquish control?
Yes, l know reference to the honest
friendship with all nations, entangling
alliances with none" doctrine at this
time is absolutely taboo. Yet, can we
blame the honest anxiety of the boy who
has been torn from his home and sweet
heart, the husband from his family-to
night and die in foreign lands-for
what?
Isn't there any way to win this war
without stopping to fix up the affairs of
Europe, which will never stay fixed
anyway? WILBUR H. CLOSE