davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1944-05-31
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Evening star., 1944-05-31

spite his denials, Mr.. Maher
charged.
IF Mr.. Miller was looking for
Mrs. Miller wasn't that the time to
make his identity known?" the Gov
ernment attorney asked. Cor was
she just batting, leading DR.. Lind
into ambush?"
Cites Johnson's Testimony.
All the physical evidence concern
ing the shooting, Mr.. Maher said,
tends to support the account given
by Lamar Johnson, key Government
witness. Besides Miller and his
wife, the prosecutor said, the only
living person who saw what actually
happened in DR.. Lind's automobile
was Mr.. johnson.
Mr.. Maher also attacked the testi-
mony of other witnesses, including
that of Mrs. Margaret Fien, niece
OF Mrs. Miller, who testified she saw
DR.. Lind take gun out of his poke,
on the porch of her home last Sep.
tember l8. Mrs. Fien, Mr.. Mahel
recalled, repeated several times ar
alleged threat uttered by DR.. Lind.
"She repeated the story with the
same regular monotony as a phono-
graph record with a stuck needle,
Mr.. Maher said. rs the human
facility of memory that good, or was
that woman deliberately falsifyine
her story?"
Attacks Story of Gun.
Mr.. Maher attacked Miller's ac-
count OF the reason for carrying q
gun with him the day of the shoot
ing.
He said he brought the gun to his
his Office to get the serial number
so he could obtain a permit" Mr..
Maher said. why couldn't he get
the number off the gun at home
It's perfectly visible. Why couldnt t
he have written it ON a piece of
paper? Why lug it to the office?
Why carry it with five loaded cart
ridges?" ~
Belitfles Insanity Plea.
Mr.. Maher belittIed the insanity
plea advanced by the defense.
To each of us sometime in our
life comes some great difficulty" he
said. But you can't shoot your
way out of it. If every one who had
Evening star., 1944-05-31
Fighter Bombers Cory
Two 1000 Pound Bombs

~ the Associated Press.
LONDON, May 81 Thunderbolt
and Lightning fighter-bombers now
carry . I,o0o-pound bomb under
each wing, equallins the lift Of light
bombers and half Of that Of medium
bombers, the 9th Air Force disclosed
today.
The former capacity Of the fighter
bombers was one 5ooepounder under
each wing.
The announcement said the most
effective attacks with the increased
load have employed a combination
of l0w-level and dive bombing tech
niques.
Evening star., 1944-05-31
KinmeI
CONTINUED From First PAGE )

admiral demanded a "free, open and
public" court-martial "at the earliest
practicable date"
MIR. Forrestal said he had not
acted to any extent in the proposed
court-martial proceedings which all
had been handled by the late Secre-
tary Knox. Under direction of Col.
Knox, dispositions have been taken
from officers now on sea duty ac-
quainted with the circumstances of
the Pearl Harbor attack.
Meanwhile a Senate Judiciary
Subcommittee voted to recommend
that the time for any trial growing
Evening star., 1944-05-31
Both Sides Castiqate
Mrs. Miller as Jury
Hears 5ummations

Continued From First Page.)
Evening star., 1944-05-31
-
LOST RATION COUPONS.

a GAS RATION BOOK, issued to Carl
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Va. Call CHI. BIG
GAS RATION BooK &C" issued to DR..
BENJAMIN Manchester. I70I Varnum st
RATION BOOK No. 4, issued TO Mrs. Amy
L. Milstead, s5o5 Greenwood ave. Takoma
RATION BOOK NO. 3 issued to John Law
renee zimmerman, 5203 Varnum ST..
WAR RATION BOOK "A" issued 10 BESSIE
8; Klein, Beltsville, Md Berwyn 765-W-4
WAR RATION BOOK "3", 0nside onlyl
issued to Mildred 4. Mesner, 81 B. PNrk-
Evening star., 1944-05-31
Nozis Claim Sinking
|Of3 Convoy Vessels
Hy the Associated Press.

Rs the Associated Press.
LONDON, May 31.-The Berlin
radio asserted today that German
planes had attacked an eastbound
Allied convoy of Algeria last night,
sinking one transport and two
freighters totaling $4,000 tons.
The broadcast also declared that
six other vessels totaling $4,000 tons
Evening star., 1944-05-03

has further effect on their frame of
mind, and add to this the new threat
to Loyang, and one can readily see how
Chang and his 'missima" must feel.
Admiral Chester w. Nimitz, COM
mander Of the Pacific Fleet, recently
said American troops would land on
the China coast, and the Chinese mill
tary men, according to Chungking re-
ports, link the Japanese offensive around
Loyang to his statement. As the Ameri-
can offensive In the Pacific expands to-
ward Japan the Japanese troops with
drawn from surrendered areas natural
ly will be available for duty elsewhere,
and that elsewhere" may turn out to
be China.
II China were to quit the war It
would be a great blow to Allied plans
for the eventual attack on the Japanese
homeland. The assistance Of the Chi
nese armies as 1t concerns our fight
against the Japs has not been too
great in recent months, and the loss of
the help OF Chiang's armies would not
be nearly so great as the loss Of future
use Of his bases.
Our bomber forces must have points
from which to raid Tokyo in great
strength, and If China left the war at
this moment-just when plans doubt
less are being drafted for new strikes
at the Japs, 1t would cause an entire
revision Of our strategy and could easily
set back our victory over the Japs a
year or longer.
China Is tired of war after long years
OF battling. The sickness Of fighting has
engulfed not only the Chinese people,
but has penetrated into the higher
circles of the army itself, and several
times within the last year 1t has been
reported that Gen. Chang was keeping
his generals in line with dif1iculty.
japanese goods Of the type than can
not be purchased in China have in
f1ltrated into the unoccupied areas of
the country and, on occasion, have
proved to be very tempting morsels to
the generalissimo's top men. How the
American victories in the Pacific have
effected the situation remains to be
seen-whether they will counterbalance
other disappointment in the eyes of
the Chinese cannot be told at present.
The next few weeks may reveal
whether Chang will continue the fight.
or yield, disappointed and broken
leader.
Evening star., 1944-05-03
Eisenhower VS.. Nazi Tactics
By Maj. George FieIdinq Eliot

When the divisions and guns and
planes on each side have been added
up, when the factors of logistics and
position have been duly considered,
when the fighting qualities OF the op-
posing forces have been carefully
weighed, there still remains, in every
calculation of the chances of coming
battle, the vital human factor of the
personality and military character of
the respective commanders in chief
Unless there Is grave disproportion
elsewhere, this factor is very likely to
be decisive of the result.
In the coming struggle in Western
Europe, the United Nations have no
occasion for anxiety on this ground.
True, Field Marshal Karl Rudolf
Gerd Won Rundstedt is a capable SOL
dier; on the whole probably the most
capable of the senior generals of the
Wehrmacht. He is a Prussian officer
of the old school. He will make few
Mistakes he will get the best possible
use out of the means at his disposal:
he will put up hard and well-fought
defense, based on the system of active
defense" which is automatic with Ger
man commanders. What Rundstedt
may lack because of age) in the way
OF fieXibility and imagination may be
made up to some extent by his field
commander, Marshal Rommel
But when all is said and done, Rund-
stedt is on the defensive, and he knows
but too we'll that the defensive is not
the road to victory He knows that he
is fighting in lost cause; he is fighting
for leader who has never had his
whole-hearted devotion, and whose mil
1tary stupidities must have caused the
marshal many an hour of frustrated
fury.
He is leading an army wearied with
four years of war, an army which has
lost much of its life and fire because
of the slaughter of it's bravest and best.
He will do all he can, but he has the
inner recognition of these limitations.
Moreover. he knows that he will lack
effective air support. Therefore we may
expect well-conducted defense, but
not high imaginative defensive often
sive which will take instant advantage
OF every opening.
The case of Gen. Dwight D. Eisen-
hover Is entirely another story Gen.
Eisenhower is 81; Rundstedt is &c.
Eisenhower is at the height OF his
mental and physical powers; Rundsted
Evening star., 1944-05-03

cial films and special theaters for them.
This would be to its advantage in the
long run, for such films would gain Gus
toners, and the industry good will as
sets. IT among the hundreds of mo-
ton picture theaters in . city in the
two Or three million population class
tnere were score featuring, along with
entertainment, supplementary pic
ture OF amusing instruction in geogra-
phy, history, physiology, botany and
many other subjects eminently fitted for
the new educational film techniques.
those theaters would find tremendous
backing from parents, teachers, clergy
men and concerned citizens in general.
And II the theaters themselves, when
war restrictions permit, were decorated
and equipped with an eye on the youth
ful audiences, they would rapidly be-
come rendezvous for teen-agers.
Many popular pictures. designed for
the general public, could be shown In
them. Others would be barred. And
special pictures would be created.
And the industry, through such thea
tiers, could make an immense contribu-
ton to the education, in the young who
Will one day grow up, Of more refined
and esthetic popular tastes-the alb
sence Of which the producers them
selves often deplore when flrst-rate pic
lures which break away from the rather
tedious norm prove to be ONCE
fops. Better public taste has to be Gre
ated, and the time to begin is with
youth.
great educator remarked to me the
other day, Children can only be awak-
ened to ethical consciousness through
an esthetic approach" If the sexual
1ty OF American children is both pre-
cocious and often brutal, then one must
candidly state that love is not sex, but
sublimation and infinite refinement
OF 1t, and that there is lot more sex
-thinly veneered with glamour" on
the screen-than there is love.
The minds and sensibilities of our
children are being coarsened, and
neither home, church nor school are
alone sufficient to combat that tend
ency when there are other such power
ful forces at work. Hollywood has a
great chance to lift standards, by con-
sciously producing and distributing for
children-and clamping down more
vigorously on allowing children and
teen-agers to see unsuitable films.
Released by the Bell Syndicate, Incl
Evening star., 1944-05-03
Lady in the Light of Sunset

True, time has left his mark upon her
face
And burned to ash the roses of her
cheek,
Her hands are gnarled and t,Disted blue
Ueins lace
Them. careful footsteps haze prown
SloD and tDedk.
The years haze sho,1n her much of life
and death,
OF ,Dar and sorroW. ,pork and hap
pineSS-
Her louing heart expelled no tiny
breath
OF hate; these hands could only serpe
and bless!
The fragrant incense OF her kindness
clings
About her like the scent of mignonette,
The echo OF the joy she scattered rings
Like SilUer laughter, all around her
yet.
Her faith is tranquil as the cloudless
skies,
Eternal April dances In her eyes.
MARJORIE WOODY SCOTT.
Evening star., 1944-05-03

the contrary, his counsel being that
1t is safer to proceed on the assump-
ton that the bitterest and bloodiest
battles may still lie ahead.
AS for "prodding us into action"
the text of Premier Stalin's May Day
order carried no note Of impatience
on that score. On the contrary,
besides paying tribute to the aid we
have already extended, it suggested
that the issue of the second front"
was settled long ago and that the
Russian government is satisfied with
what we propose to do from the west
and knows pretty well when we are
going to do it. It could hardly be
otherwise, for the atmosphere is
tense and electric with the immi-
nence of invasion, with the sense OF
approaching climax, and at such
a juncture it is inconceivable that
our Soviet. Ally would be in the dark
about what we plan to do in the
final joint attack on the beast in
its lair,
Evening star., 1944-05-03

is IN the twilight of long career. Eisen-
mower has brought us victory In two
campaigns: Rundstedt has known both
victory and defeat. Eisenhower has the
magic touch which inspires all who
come in contact with him; Rundstedt
inspires the respect due to his qualities,
but hardly the affection, still less the
devotion that men give to General
Ike"
Gen. Eisenhower believes in surprise,
He achieved it in Tunisia; he achieved
it again in Sicily. He goes to great
lengths to mystify and mislead the
enemy. He is, therefore, the most dan
gerous sort of opponent for the cold
calculator. the tradition bound warrior
with his ideas canalized in the grooves
OF so years experience.
Moreover, in considering the sort of
campaign Gen. Eisenhower will wage,
it will be well to remember what he said
when launching the Italian invasion
II don't like the idea of just taking
soldiers out of one place in order to send
them somewhere else. Our objective is
not this place or that; it is the destruc-
tion of the enemy armed forces"
Gen. Eisenhower has had it both ways
in his past campaigns. In Tunisia, he
achieved the destruction of the opposing
army because it could not retreat when
Eisenhower's surprise came to full de-
velopment. In Sicily, the surprise gave
Eisenhower possession of the seaports,
which enabled him to get into the island
with comparatively little loss, and in
the end compelled the Germans to aban-
don Sicily in order to save their army
from being enveloped and destroyed.
On the larger stage of Western
Europe, Gen. Eisenhower must play
more complicated game of mystification
and attack. Yet knowing how his mind
works, and remembering that he has
deceived the best minds of the Wehr-
macht before this, we may look for SIM
liar developments now, and we may have
every confidence in the result.
Once more, we shall see Gen. Eisen-
hover seek to surprise the enemy, an
enemy whose mental processes and hab-
its of military thought he knows we'll:
and once more his objective will not be
just to go from one place to another,
but to destroy the enemy's fighting
forces.
tcopyright. 1e44)
Evening star., 1944-05-03
To Kill II

The armed forces and the great
mass OF the people of Russia have
won truly magnificent victories.
Aided in considerable measures by
the British-American air offensive.
oy our Allied drive in Italy and by
the vast quantity of materials we
have shipped them, they have sent
Hitler reeling in such retreat as to
hberate three-fourths of their
ravished land. Indeed, so over
powering has been their advance
that the time is now ripe for the
exertion of popular pressure in Ro-
mania and the other satellite coun-
tries to break with the Nazis and sue
for peace.
But despite all these far-reachine
gains, despite the general disinte-
grafton of the enemy's position, the
war in Europe, as Premier Stain
has just warned in his May Day
order of the day, is probably en-
tering its most difficult and hazard
ous phase. The Nazi war machine
has been cracked in hundred diff
ferent places, but it is still capable
OF Waging a violent, last-ditch
struggle. In the words of the Rus
sian leader, it is like a wounded
beast which has been forced to
crawl back to its hiding place in
Germany" but it is nonetheless
dangerous in it's frantic defensive
role. We may assume, in fact, that
Its deadliness has grown with its
desperation and that before our
Allied forces finally destroy it, it
may lash out with even greater fury
than it has ever before displayed.
In stressing this point, Premier
Stain has once again made it clear
that Russia realizes that the full
weight of British and American
power must be brought to bear be-
fore Hitler is totally crushed. Soviet
forces are not enough in themselves
10 achieve the kill. The beast,
though severely mauled by the Red
Army, yet remains tremendously
strong and to finish it off in it's
swn lair" we shall have to deliver
eo-ordinated blows by land as we'll
as by air from the east by Russian
troops and from the west by our
Allied forces now poised for the de-
eisive invasion.
1t is safe to say that in thus en-
phasizing the limitations of Soviet
strength, Premier Stain was not
using his May Day order to prod us
into second front" action, but was
merely defining a great military
reality which some of us are occa-
sionally inclined to ignore, pre-
ferring to think that the Red Army
has already driven the Nazi war
machine to the verge of collapse and
that only a slight British-American
push will be needed to shatter it
altogether. This is possible, but the
Russian leader wisely warns us to
Evening star., 1944-05-03
Reaching for Power

The arguments which Attorney
General Biddle has been advancing
In Chicago in support of the Gov
ernment's seizure of the Mont
gomery Ward mail order house, If
one may judge them from news ac-
counts, add up to an assertion of
presidential power which is as re-
markable as it is dangerous, and
which should not be permitted to
stand unchallenged.
It should be recognized, of course,
that Mr.. Biddle spoke for more than
two hours. The news reports ne
cessarily present sketchy and in
complete account of what he said,
but If they are accurate as to his
essential points-and there is sub
stantial agreement among them
the Attorney General is contending
that the President is invested in
time of war with powers that are
virtually unlimited and unrestrain-
able. If this is so, we come danger
ously close to the point where war
suspends the constitutional rights of
citizens and converts Congress and
the courts into meaningless COM
plements of the Executive power.
From the news reports of the
hearing, it does not appear that Mr..
Biddle cited specific statutes which
give the President these all-inclu-
sive powers nor any language of the
Constitution from which he might
derive them. Instead, he spoke
vaguely of great constitutional
reserve OF power" from which, he
said. mo business of any kind is
immune" In similar vein, he added
that particularly in time of war the
court should not substitute its judg-
ment for that of the Executive.
Does this mean that, as Mr.. Biddle
sees it. the courts should stand aside
IN time of war and that the people
have no recourse except that which
may be found in the judgment and
self-restraint OF any man who hap
pens to be President?
On the face of it, this seems to be
the argument, and as such it is a
reaching out for power which COM
mands the fullest examination by
the courts and the most careful
scrutiny by Congress. Happily, both
are in prospect.
Evening star., 1944-05-03
This Changing World
By Constantine Brown

News dispatches reporting that Japa-
nese forces advancing In Honan Prov
ince had captured the historic Hulao
Pass were read with great interest by
Washington observers with q view to
trying to determine the motives of the
enemy in that section Of Northern
China. Loss Of the pass was q distinct
blow" to the Chinese, the dispatches
said
Loyang, important city in the prov
ince, is not far from the point Of the
newest Japanese holding, and it is likely
that Tokyos war lords have ordered
their generals to make every effort to
seize 1t in an attempt to bring China
closer to the end Of her rope.
In this connection, it was noted that
American planes had gone into action
to back up Chinese troops opposing the
invading Japs.
Although the extent Of this air as
sistance was not revealed, it may have
been more than token force. Realiz-
ing as they do Chinas precarious posi-
ton in the war, the observers here hope
that the assistance will help bolster
Generalissimo Chang Kai-shek,s troops
sumciently to check the Japs before too
not feel free to speculate on the amount
OF assistance which must be sent to Gen
Chang in order to keep China in the
war.
Gen. Chang had great hopes for an
Allied offensive In Burma when the an
nouncement was made last August that
Admiral Lord Louis Mountbatten had
been appointed commander of the
Southeast Asia theater. Although he
had been irked by Britain's refusal of
his of1er of help in Burma, he neverthe-
less saw in an Allied drive lessening
OF japanese pressure on his own front
In China. An intensified Allied offen-
sive in Burma, as we all know, never
materialized.
Then when Gen. Chang and Nine.
Chang went to the Cairo conference last
November they carried with them high
hopes Of obtaining greater aid in their
talks with Prime Minister Churchill and
President Roosevelt. The promises did
not come, and they returned to Chung
king sadly disappointed couple.
The recent Japanese offensive near
Imphal in India, emphasizing, as 1t did,
the enemy's power on the continent,
Evening star., 1944-05-03
PoIund's Third of Nav

Today Is the 153rd anniversary Of
one of the most extraordinary politi-
cal innovations in history" On May
3, 1791, a great nation suddenly and
bloodlessly transformed its entire
political structure, undoing errors
that had caused repeated national
disasters and replacing an anti
quated governmental structure with
one which, even today, might be
considered progressive and enlight-
ened In character.
This amazing transformation was
the constitution of the Sd OF May.
BY it Poland freed itself of an
antiquated constitutional system
that had become unavoidable and
had reduced the most powerful
state OF Eastern Europe in medieval
times to impotence and semi
anarchy. This new constitution
coverted Poland into an hereditary
limited monarchy, with ministerial
responsibility and parliaments
elected on a broad franchise. AL
invidious class distinctions were
abolished, religious liberation was
established, and every citizen was
declared equal before the law. This
forward looking achievement was
hailed by contemporary political
students everywhere as model of
wisdom and moderation.
Unfortunately, it came too late.
Poland's tragedy was that, in an age
when the rest of continental Europe
was tending towards centralized
despotism, from the France of
Louis XIV to the Russia Of Peter
the Great, Poland was becoming an
easy-going, decentralized republic"
or commonwealth" wherein the
mobiles and gentry held the purse
strings, dominated and wrangled in
the legislature and reduced the
executive to a cipher. This politi-
cal impotence had led to repeated
foreign aggressions, eliminating in
the first partition of 1772, whereby
Poland's neighbors, Russia, Prussia
and Austria, each sliced of large
portions Of the country.
This grim warning inspired a
patriotic revival and a series of re-
form measures which eliminated in
the constitution of 1871. Unhappily,
the very measure of this success
precipitated the ultimate catas-
trophe. The alarm of Polands des-
potic neighbors at the prospect of
reformed and regenerated Poland
was heightened by fear of the
French revolution, which had al
ready broken out. Quick action was
decided on in st. Petersburg, Berlin
and Vienna to scotch the Polish
danger and assure the garnering of
the prospective spoils. So the New
Poland was overwhelmed and the
country itself disappeared from the
map with two more partitions in the
years 1893 and 1795, not to regain its
independence until after World
WarI