davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1944-11-30
Acheson Asks Funds
For Foreign Loans
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
Assistant Secretary of State Dean
Acheson disclosed today that the
United States already has received
requests for loans from several for
eign governments. He proposed
expanding the credit facilities of the
Export Import Bank to handle
them.
Mr.. Acbeson also urged on the
trade subcommittee of the House
Postwar Economic Committee repeal
OF the johnson Act, which prohibits
private lending to governments in
default on American loans. He de-
scribed the act as "a barrier to
American participation in the re-
habilitation of international trade" +"
Along with removal of the John
son Act, Mr.. Acheson also proposed
repeal of provision in the Export
Import Bank law which similarly
prohibits American Government
loans.
Mr.. Acheson did not recommend a
figure for the Export Import Bank
expansion. The institution now has
a credit maximum of $700, 600, 900,
but total available for new opera
tions Of only about 5000, 900, 900.
Ofhcials have said its credit facili-
ties would have to be increased to
several billions if it were to func-
tion effectively in international
trade.
Evening star., 1944-11-30
Gen. Clark Anticipates
Tough Fighting by Nozis

AMERICAN 5th ARMY IN
ITALY, Nov. 80 (P).-Lt. Gen. Mark
w. Clark, new commander of all
Allied fighting forces in Italy, said
yesterday the Germans had given
every indication that they would
continue to fight tenaciously on
this front.
Talking with newsman, Gen. Clark
said that when he assumed his en-
larged command as head of both
the American 5th and British 9th
Armies he intended to be a field
general in the fullest sense. He
said the Germans were continuing
to send reinforcements into Italy
and that future operations would be
tough.
Evening star., 1944-11-30
Evidence Confirms Japs
Massacred Australians

BY the Associated Press.
CANBERRA, Australia, Nov. 3d.
Evidence the Japanese have mas
sacred, tortured and mistreated Aus
tralians, both military and civilian,
as well as New Guinea natives, was
reported today to the Queensland
House of Representatives by Herbert
v. Evatt, Australian attorney gen.
eral.
Mr.. Evatt said Chief Justice Sir
William Webb, who will represent
Australia on the United Nations
War Crimes Commission, obtained
the evidence during an investiga-
ton of Japanese atrocities on New
Guinea.
Mr.. Evatt added official inquiries SO
far showed occasional instances
when japanese soldiers and officers
behaved according to standards of
honorable conduct.
The Australian government is
considering special tribunals to han
die cases unsuitable for handling
by national courts.
Evening star., 1944-11-30
Prisoners in Germany
'HumaneIy Treated,'
House Unit Reports
Those in japan Proper
Fare Better Than Men
In Occupied Territories
BY the Associated Press

The House Military Affairs
Committee reported today that
American prisoners of Germany
are, in the main, humanely
treated. 1t said prisoners in ia
pan proper seem to be faring
better than those in Japanese
occupied territories.
And Axis prisoners in the United
States, 1t said, are we'll treated, but
not pampered.
The committees report to the
House grew out of complaints which
Chairman May said indicated laxity
in the handling of German and
Italian prisoners, especially the lat
ter.
Committee investigators who made
flrst-hand inquiries in prison camps
throughout the country reported no
evidence of too-lenient treatment
OF inmates. They did relate reports
that in many cases prisoners re-
ceived better attention and more
privileges than United States SOL
diers.
At the time the investigation was
completed, early this month, the
committee said, there were 281 ,344
German, 51,032 Italian and 2,242
japanese war prisoners in 1872 base
camps and 334 branch camps.
Few Attempts at Escape.
The committee had this to say
about American handling of prison.
ers:
The number of escape attempts is
surprisingly small" and confined al
most entirely to Germans "*
often actuated by fear of their fel-
low prisoners
Japanese prisoners occa-
sionally engage in mass attempts at
hara-kari which are carried out
by the most violent and spectacular
means at hand"
Provisions of the Geneva conven-
ton for treatment of prisoners are
being carried out to the letter by
the United States" and in general
the German government has en-
deavored to accord to American
(See PRISONERS. Page A-I8)
Evening star., 1944-11-30
; u. 5. Strong Points
In Bologna Sector
Recaptured by Nazis
Tanks and Heavy Guns
Used by Foe in Several
Fierce Counteruttucks
BY the Associated Press.


ROME, Nov. 30.-Uncorking
their strongest counterattacks in
recent weeks. German troops
have recaptured three 5th Army
strong points in the sector south
east and southwest of Bologna,
Allied headquarters announced
today.
Fifth Army troops were forced
to relinquish their hold on Monte
Castellard just north of Monte
Grande. in the area below the
Bologna -Rimini highway town of
Castel San Pietro.
Farther west in the difficult noun
tain country west of the Bologna
Pistora highway, the Germans re-
captured Corona and Monte
,Belvedere.
The battle for Corona and Monte
Belvedere was the most violent of
the entire front and put an end to
the period of uneasy waiting in the
mud of that area.
Counterattacks Launched.
The Germans first launched two
counterattacks with about one in
fantry battalion. Both were re-
pulsed. Later they renewed the at
tack with two battalions and a COW
ering force of tanks, self-propelled
guns AID mortars, as we'll as rocket
launchers.
The 5th Army troops in the face
OF the new assault were forced to
pull back to prepared positions,
headquarters said.
The counterattacks at Monte Cas-
tellaro also were supported by a
heavy concentration of artillery and
mortar fire. This position 9i2 miles
southeast of Bologna is important
to the Germans for the defense arc
they have set up around the city.
Monte Grande, dominating fea-
ture of the area, was still in Allied
hands, however.
There were number of smaller
scale clashes west of Monte Castel-
laro.
Evening star., 1944-11-30
Jones DiscIoims
KnowIedg of
Wallace Report

Secretary of Commerce Jones said
today that he knew nothing of the
report that he might be succeeded
in the cabinet by Vice President
Wallace. No one, he said, had said
anything to him regarding any such
change
Mr.. Wallace declined any COM
ment on the report.
The published report was to the
effect that if Mr.. Wallace becomes
Secretary of Commerce, Mr.. Jones
would remain as head of the Recon-
Struction Finance Corp.
1t was reported that Mr.. Wallace
had told intimates he had been
offered place in the cabinet-out-
side the Office of Secretary of State
and that he believed he would prefer
to be Secretary of Commerce.
Evening star., 1944-11-30
Yonks Take Town of Lindern
As Allies Expand Big Offensive
Toward Cologne and Dusseldorf
All B-20s Sufe;
First Night Raid
Fires Tokyo
AMERICAN FLYERS SINK 10 Jap
ships carrying reinforcements to
Leyte. Page Az
BY the Associated Press.

ships carrying reinforcements to
Leyte. Page Az
By the Associated Press.
All Super Fortresses which
participated in the third B-29
strike on Tokyo Wednesday night
returned to their base on Saipan
a goth Air Force communique
said today.
In the three raids on Japan's cap
ital two Super Fortresses have been
lost. The crew of one of these was
rescued by destroyer.
Airmen returning from Wednes-
days raid-the first night assault on
Tokyo-reported that antiaircraft
fire was meager and inaccurate. Re-
suits were not observed because of
a cloud cover.
A dispatch from Saipan said a
medium task force" carried out
the attack by the light of a full
moon. 1t said bombs were dropped
principally on the light industrial
center of Tokyo, where, in small
plants, many of Japan's implements
of war are made.
The medium force comprised less
than half the number of planes
which took part in the two previous
raids.
The senior officer of the Wednes-
(See SUPER FORTRESSES A-181
Evening star., 1944-11-30
War Bond Leaders Concerned
Over logginq e Bond Sales

Sales to individuals in the Dis
trict's Sixth War Loan drive reached
$13, ,000,0 900 today, although "E" bond
sales rose only $500, 900, and are now
20 per cent behind schedule.
The new total for individual sales
meant a rise OF 100000 yesterday,
with 28A per cent of the quota of
$46, 900 900 for individuals reached.
The new "E' bond total is 1890, 900,
only 26A per cent Of the 5000, 900
quota.
Leaders of the drive expressed
great concern over the tagging "E'
bond sales.
And as they urged greater sacri-
fees by the small-income buyer,
children of the city announced a
plan in which they will sacrifice
their treasures. Besides saving their
pennies to buy stamps they have de-
cided to auction toys and pets to
Evening star., 1944-11-30
Bratcher Found Guilt
On One Draft Count,
Faces 5-Year Term
Remains at Liberty
Under Bond; $4,000
Fine Also Possible

Everett M. (Washie) Bratcher,
Washington orchestra leader,
was found guilty on one of three
counts of draft evasion by a Fed
eral Court jury in Alexandria
today.
Bratcher was allowed to remain
at liberty under $1,000 bond until
December II, when he will be SEN
fenced by Judge Robert N. Pollard.
He faces a maximum penalty of
five years imprisonment and
$4,000 fine.
T. Edward -O'Connen, counsel for
Bratcher, moved that the court re-
fuse TO accept the jury's verdict on
the ground the jurors were allowed
to disperse and go to their homes
last night after they informed
Judge Pollard they we're unable to
reach a verdict after two hours and
20 minutes. The motion was denied.
A defense motion for a new trial
will be heard, Judge Pollard said,
on the day Bratcher Is sentenced.
Judge Urges 4 Decision.
The Jurors spent a total of four
hours considering the evidence.
When they returned to court this
morning they were urged by Judge
Pollard to reach a decision if pos
sible ito save the expense of another
trial"
When the jurors reported to the
court late yesterday that they had
been unable to arrive at a verdict,
Judge Pollard instructed them ito
sleep on your deliberations" and
report back to court today.
The count on which Bratcher was
found guilty charged him with hav-
ing taken benzedrine tablets the
night before an induction examina-
ton at Fort Myer on November %.
l943, with the deliberate purpose
OF raising his blood pressure to a
degree that would cause his rejec-
tion by the armed services.
First Count Eliminated.
The first count of the indictment
alleging similar offense on August
28, 1943, was eliminated by Judge
Pollard, who ordered a verdict of
not guilty.
The jury also found the band
leader not guilty on the third count
which charged him with concealine
from Fort Myer medical officers on
November %, 1943, the fact that he
had taken several benzedrine tab
lets few hours before the physical
examination.
The defense maintained Bratcher
used benzedrine regularly to help
him remain awake in the early
morning hours and that he had no
intention of violating the law. Judge
Pollard instructed the jury that the
mere taking of benzedrine was not
violation of the law.
Cautions Jurors.
Before you may find the defend
ant guilty on the second count" he
said, you must believe that he took
benzedrine with the knowledge that
it would raise his blood pressure
to degree which would cause his
rejection by the military services.
ITO find him guilty on the thiro
count you must believe that the
answer given by the defendant Gas
to whether he used medication) was
given falsely and willfully with the
(See RRATCHER. PAGE A-fl
Evening star., 1944-11-30
raise money to buy guns and bullet.

raise money to buy guns and bullets.
Curly-haired dolls, Bit model
airplanes, snub-nosed bulldogs and
singing canaries are among the
priced possessions of Washington's
too-young-to-fi generation to be
sold for bonds in a public auction
in the United States Chamber Of
Commerce Auditorium Sunday. De-
cember 10, from to S pm.
Serving a two-fold purpose, the
auction will aid people with their
Christmas shopping, and at the
same time put dollars in the Dis
trict's Sixth War Loan fund. A
military band will play at the auc-
ton, and 12-year -old Wallace Weiss,
sleight-of-han artist, will perform.
Girls will serve as usherettes.
The auction was suggested by Ar
(See WAR BONES, Page A-3.)
Evening star., 1944-11-30

the death of the Chief Justice and
added that further action in this
case would be deferred until 10 am
on December z.
Justice Eicher's death WAS an
nounced at his Office. His secretary,
Miss Elsie M. Garrity, said the S.
year-old jurist had died in his sleep
While Justice Eicher was on the
bench yesterday he was not feeling
well, according to his law clerk, Mrs.
L. M. Hood, and sent out for some
medicine for indigestion.
Mrs. Hood recalled that while
Justice Eicher was a member of
Congress several years ago he suf-
fered a heart attack that incapaci-
tated him for some time.
Died During Night.
Death came to Justice Eicher
some time in the middle of the
night, it was said by DR.. R. Massie
Page, the family physician who was
called to the home at IL Wilton
road, Fairfax County, near Alex
andria, about am.
Mrs. Eicher met the justice after
court adjourned yesterday and he
drove home in the small car which
he has used since the gasoline
shortage.
After the evening meal Justice
Eicher appeared to be in perfect
health, but did not take his dog out
for his customary evening stroll,
and retired early.
The jurist listened to one of his
favorite broadcasters commenting
on the war news at 9 pm. He
had been particularly interested in
action on the western front because
Of the fact that his father, Benja-
min Eicher, had been born in Null
house, which was recently liberated
by the French Army. Benjamin
Eicher had come to this country
when 10 years of age.
Funeral Set for Saturday.
After listening to the war news
the jurist turned off the light, and
apparently went to sleep. About 2
am. Mrs. Eicher was awakened by
wind blowing the curtains and
quietly closed the window. She did
not learn until she awakened about
IS O'Clock that her husband had
died. The doctor estimated he had
been dead five or six hours.
The body was taken to the Wheat
ley funeral home at 800 King street,
Alexandria. Funeral services will
be held at 10 am. Saturday at St.
Johns Episcopal Church, Sixteenth
and H streets NV. The Rev. John
Evening star., 1944-11-30
Mrs. Luce's Publicity in Britain
lrks Other Committee Members

She rejoined the party several
hours later in time to welcome home
some bombers from their mission
to Germany.
Representative Matt Merritt.
Democrat, of New York, acting
chairman, said he had nothing to
do with the hight-that he wasn't
consulted.
Il thought" another Representa-
tive observed, that we were going
to stick together on this trip. May
be we've got two investigations here,
one for Mrs. Luce and one for the
rest of the committee"
Into these troubled waters stepped
an Associated Press correspondent
with request to accompany the
committe and report its activities.
(See PUBLICITY, Page A-I8.1
Evening star., 1944-11-30
Veto Battle Predicted
As House Unit Votes 10
Freeze Security Tax
Issue Goes to Floor
In Committee Rebuff
To Administration
By the Associated Press,

The House Ways and Means
Committee today voted, II to 7,
to freeze" the social security
tax, which otherwise would dou-
BILE automatically January /.
Nine committee Republicans voted
solidly, and were joined by eight
Democrats in delivering this rebuff
to an administration plea that the
tax be allowed to rise, as provided
in the basic security law.
/. The committee action sent the
issue to the House, and raised the
possibility of session-end veto
fight with the White House should
House and Senate agree with the
Ways and Means Committee.
Roosevelt Victory Predicted.
Some Democrats favoring the
freeze" predicted privately Presi-
dent Roosevelt will win, seeing little
prospect of the necessary two thirds
vote in both houses to override a
veto.
This would mean that month
hence the security tax will be
boosted from l to per cent for
both employer and employe. a
In voting approval of freeze, -
the committee also approved reso-
luton calling for a comprehensive
study of the overall social security
rate and trust fund problem in the
new Congress convening January 8.
Would Study Rate.
The study would determine wheth-
er an entirely new tax rate structure
is needed.
Meanwhile, Congress grappled
with other major legislation, includ-
ing:
Extension of the Presidents war
powers-including the rationing au-
thority-to which a formidable
House bloc sought to pin a restrictive
amendment. The House begins de-
bate on this bill today.
Increase in the capitalization OF
the Smaller War Plants Corp.
Repeal of the Johnson Act, for
bidding the use of private American
capital in transactions with foreign
governments that owe the United
States money.
Evening star., 1944-11-30
BY ALEX H. SINGLETON,

BY ALEX II. SINGLETON,
Associated Press Foreign Correspondent.
LONDON, Nov. 30.-Mrs. Glare
Boothe Luce and the male men,
bers of the rowing House Military
Affairs Committee are feuding over
publicity. --.,-.e..
Several of the bound
lawmakers are annoyed because the
Connecticut Republican-in point Of
service the committees freshman
has received most headlines since
their tour began.
The situation wasn't improved
yesterday.
Independently Mrs. Luce sailed
forth on a short flight in Fortress
while her male colleagues remained
grounded, plodding through the mud
in an inspection of three air. bases.
Evening star., 1944-11-30
President Nominates Kirk
As Ambassador 10 Italy

By the Associated Press.
Alexander c. Kirk of Illinois was
nominated by President Roosevelt
today to be Ambassador to Italy.
Mr. Kirk is United States repre-
sentative on the Allied Advisory
Council for Italy. He was American
Charge d'Affaires\ in Rome at the
time Italy came into the war in
June, 1910.
William Phillips was the last pre-
'vious Ambassador in Italy.
Evening star., 1944-11-30
Charles Town Results

FIRST RAcE-Purse, $500: 2-year.
olds; claining; about Az furlongs.
Ten Oaks (CouccD $50 $50 ESQ
General KNIGHT (Carrillo) e.2o 500
Patience {Dufford) $40
Time 0:533s. -
Also ran-Ba 2heera, Geneva Nurse,
Downing Street, Miss Belvedere, DR.. Pudd.
SECOND RACE-Purse, STo0; 3-year.
olds and up claiming; about 41a furlongs.
Flying kits tTammaro) $50 $40 $50
Rlue Melody tGuyton) 1900 $50
Golden Media (Kellyl $50
Time, O:52
Also ran-Mss Amanda, Queen Advice.
starkee, Laugh and Play. Fersy Favcrite.
DAILY Double paid $4,000
Evening star., 1944-11-30
Other Americans
Advance Beyond
Hurteen Forest
RED ARMY'S DRIVE across Danube
opens way to 3 of1ensives. Page AS
NEW POLISH CABINET formed in
London by Premier Arciszewski.
Page A-4
MAP on Page A-4.)

By the Associated Press.
LONDON, Nov. 30.-Troops oi
1t. Gen. William H. Simpson s
9th Army today captured strate-
gic Lindern in an extension OF
the great Allied offensive which
was cracking the Roer River line
shielding Cologne and Dussel-
dorf.
Farther south, 1t. Gen. Courtney
H. Hodges 1st Army finally won the
fortified towns of Lamersdorf and
Grosshau in its drive out of the
dank Hurtgen Forest.
Lindern lies 141a miles from the
Prussian arsenal and rail city of
Munchen Gladbach and % miles
from Dusseldorf.
The 9th Army also fought in the
streets of burning Beck nearby.
Both Beck and Lindern are on the
railroad leading to Munchen Glad
bach. which has population of
$4,000. Survivors of the Lindern gar
rison, made up of Hitlers best SIS
troops, who were trodding through
the floods and mud to prison cages.
They had yielded before the Amer
ican flame throwers, tanks, artillery
and bombs hurled against the ham,
let.
Many Dead Nazis Found.
Infantry driving into the Tiger
tank nests in Beck found more
dead Germans on the street than
In any other town yet entered On
the Cologne front. Prisoners said
their comrades were felled by white
phosphorus shells which filled the
skies before dawn.
During the night the Germans
tried vainly to regain high ground
dominating the Roer River bastion
of Linnich just east of Beck. Ar
tillery, particularly Tiger busting g.
inchers, smashed most of the at
tacks.
French 1st Army troops drove to
the Rhine at st. Louis, Immediately
north Of the Swiss city of Basel, cut
ting off the German SIS garrison at
Huningue from escape into Switzer-
land, an Associated Press corre-
spondent on that frontier reported.
Retreat across the Rhine likewise
was declared difficult because Allied
artillery was sweeping the river and
bombarding Huningue.
Gains were scored along the entire
25-mile front on the Cologne plain
east of Aachen and Geilenkirchen.
The Germans declared the combat
to be one of the greatest battles of
attrition in history.
Patton's Forces Advance.
1t. Gen. George s. Pattons Sd
Army on the Saar front pushed into
high ground overlooking the Saar
River and within easy shot of Mer-
zig, Prussian stronghold of the Sieg-
fried Line. Gains averaged a mile
all the way to the little French rail
town of Saare Union as frost-hard-
ened mud fileds gave tanks firmer
footing
The Sd Army with the 1st and
9Th Armies on the Roer constitute
1t. Gen. Omar Bradley's 18th Army
group of which % American di-
visions of 275,0OO or more men were
charging at the foe
CA German military spokes-
man was quoted by the Berlin
radio as saying Gen. Eisenhower
had thrown 10 divisions into the
great offensive on the western
front. This suggested mini
mum of 850,000 combat troops
were opposing the outnumbered
Germans along the whole front.
(The official DNB dispatch
placed the crucial battlefield in
the Aachen area and said the
fighting was in progress in Sec
tor is miles wide and 8 deep.
Evening star., 1944-11-30
Cold and Clear Predicted
For Army-Navy Game
(Other Army-Navy Game Stories
on Page A-16)
Ny the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
BALTIMORE, Nov. 30.-Cold,
clear weather with maximum tenn
perature of 80 degrees was predicted
today by the Weather Bureau for
Saturday-the day of the Army
Navy game in Baltimore.
Joseph L. Billy, assistant meteor
ologist at Baltimore, said the mini
mum temperature Saturday was ex-
pected to be below 90 degrees-but
with no snow or high winds foreseen
so far.
Meanwhile, the field at Municipal
Stadium was covered with tarpau-
Inns as protection against any
more rain.
Evening star., 1944-11-30
LANCER Accuses Stettjnius

LongeT Accuses StettIniuS
Senator LANCER, Republican,
Of North Dakota asserted in
the Senate today that Edward
r. Stettinius, jr., had delayed
this country's preparation for
war by failing to support ef-
forts for increased steel pro-
duction in 1940. Senator
LANCER took the floor to wage
a one-man fight against con-
firmation of Mr.. Stettinius as
Secretary of State.
Earlier Story on Page Az,
Evening star., 1944-11-30
Justice Eicher
Dies; Seditio)n
MistriaI Seen
Case Is Adjourned
For Week PENDING
Decision on Future
EICHER DEATH ends trial that
promised to be one of longest in
legal annals. Page B-1

legal dIllldS. rage b.l
Chief Justice Edward C. Eicher
of District Court. who has been
presiding at the mass sedition
trial since April II, died last
night at his home near Alex
andria. AS a result, a Justice
Department official said, it will
be necessary to terminate the
trial and start over.
That's the law" said the official.
Justice James M. Proctor con-
vened the trial at the usual hour,
l pm, today, but deferred further
action for one week. Attorneys on
both sides take it for granted that
a mistrial will be declared, ending
the case, and it had been expected
that Justice Proctor might order
this at once. But he only announced
Evening star., 1944-11-30

Three additional men from
the District area haze been re-
ported killed in this ,Udr. See
"On the Honor Roll,," Page AZ.
Evening star., 1944-11-30

(See EICHER, Page A-18.5
Evening star., 1944-11-30

(See FEUD, Page A-3)
Evening star., 1944-11-30
Late Bulletin

(see PRISONERS, Page A-1sJ
Evening star., 1944-11-30

(See BRATCHER, Page A-6.)
Evening star., 1944-11-30

(See SUPER FORTRESsES, ALB
Evening star., 1944-11-30

tSee LEASE-LEND, Page A-3.)
Evening star., 1944-11-30

lSee WAR BONES, Page A-30
Evening star., 1944-11-30

Windy and much colder, low near 28
tonight; fair, cold tomorrow
Temperatures today-Highest, 43, at
1880 pm: lowest, 26. at $40 am. Yes
terday-Highest, 43, at STA PM; low
est, 40, at 8:45 am.