davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-08-26

They knew about Marian Anderson,
Paul Robson, and Joe Louis. They
appeared to be shocked by the in
justices of Jim Crow. and they
seemed to regard discriminatory
treatment Of Negro soldiers as "un-
fair" In short. il on the basis Of that
period ! had been asked TO rate the
attitudes OF most Of the pupils in
terms Of marks. should have felt
justified in handing out a stable
number of AS. Apparently the
Gettysburg Address had lief, an i'm
preston.
TOLERANCE AN ILLUSION
This pleasant illusion was not to
last, How skin-deep the apparent
enlightenment proved to be was
revealed within a few months. We
have fair number Of colored pupils
in my school. Ordinarily they dwell
in peace with the white boys. but
occasionally there is fracas which
rapidly degenerates into racial
fight, instead of remaining a quarrel
between the individuals involved.
II so happened that one OF those
Ekhts occurred in the lunchroom.
In this particular instance. colored
boy was dt fault. Instantly there
was pandemonium with a really
ugly general brawl developing. Be-
fore the period was up. the school
was seething Ruinors of every
variety we're flying around, the STU
dents were tense, and il was neces-
sary 20 post police in and outside
the school 10 prevent further en-
counters
Two periods after the fight, I
met my senior English class. In Il
were some OF the most intelligent
and most capable boys in the school
was sure that any constructive
measures for ameliorsting the stu
alton would have 10 come from
some OF the boys in this group.
This was composition day, for
which ! had assigned an editorial
suitable for the school paper. In
view OF the explosive atmosphere in
the classroom, ! told my students
10 add a paragraph IN regard 10 the
timely topic OF the day-what could
be done 10 improve white-Negro
relations in the school, My pupils
having been assured that their SEN
tlments would not be held agains;
them, wrote with enthusiasm. Their
| cancor has often startled me. but
! confess l was unprepsred for The
solutions they advocated
MAJORITY FOR SEGREGATION
The majority Of the pupils. Il wa
clear. favored Segregation. Thei
fine talk about Jim Crow In tn,
South had apparently not regis
tered. Under pressure or provoca
ton. the argument at once assumed
. racial character. II was not
tpsrucular Negro boy against a par
tlcular white boy. or vice-versa: i
waS the whites" against III,
blacks regardless OF the right o.
wrong OF the issue.
That ip/'this particular instanc,
the Negro boys were apparently tht
offenders is irrevelant. Granted tha
the white boys involved had a juS;i
fable grievance against a group Of
unruly Negro boys. the fact tina
this resentment az once took The
form OF an advocacy o. an incipien
northern Jim Crowism was signlh
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-08-26

WACs are helping to form
peaceful. better orld. Women be
tween the ayes OF 20 I'd 40 are
eli gibls TO join Many vscsncie,
now exist for wACs in the Army
Air Forces. Room 500. Buhl build
ma Dalroll.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-08-26

cant and discouraging. Separate
school annexes for Negroes could
lead naturally to the complete pat
tern OF segregation as it exists in
the South-yet this very pattern
had been repeatedly and dutifully
criticized by the pupils as "un-
democratic" That something was /
fundamentally wrong in the basic !
attitudes of the students was obvi- !
Gus.
Several teachers made the sug-
gestion that a school assembly be |
held and the subject be thrashed |
out thoroughly by faculty and STU
dents. Such an assembly could be !
effective only il it were held al
once while the emotions OF the
pupils were still engaged by the
question Of racial relations II could
not be served up as cold potatoes
after all the inner agitation had
spent itself. But the suggestion was
vetoed on the usual grounds. The
assembly might stir up trouble. II
might arouse the quiescent. Let
sleeping dogs lie. etc.
TIMIDITY IN SCHOOLS
APPROACH
Such reasoning may smooth over
an immediate difficulty; II certainly
does nothing to prevent . repetition
of a demOnstrable danger. The In
cident, despite the lack Of develop
ments, left Its scars. and the school
did little to heal those scars. One
teacher started club whose pur-
pose was 10 foster racial amlty, but
the school as whole. though every
pupil in il had been involved in the
excitement Of the lunchroom brawl.
remained untouched. We were
grateful for quiet.
In this combination Of timidity
and indii ection lies the chief weak
ness Of the average schools ap-
proach to ~ inflammable situation.
The Negro-white problem Is gen.
orally presented with all the tech
niques Of enlightened education just
ir those localities where there are
no Negro pupils to speak Of. and
consequently no possibility Of fric-
ton. But the infinitely more difficult
and delicate problem Of handling
an actual explosive situation in
school where the problem really
appears in all its hideous reality
is all too often side-stepped
DANCES ANOTHER DIFFICULTY
Another recurrent source OF diff
Guilty is the subject Of dances. When
| the senior dance is held. care is
taken that a ballroom be secured
in a hotel which does not discrimi-
nate against Negroes. The school
authorities see 10 il that this rule is
strictly enforced. as student COM
| mittees, IL left 10 their own devices.
are occasionally able 10 view the
barring Of their Negro classmates
from the senior dance with equa-
! rimity. However. dances In the
school gymnasium have been aban-
doned because white girls and Ne
gro boys. or Negro girls and white
boys, would sometimes dance to-
gether. Such dancing was far from
general: I'm the great majority Of
cases. Negro students danced only
with each other. but the few lapses
( from custom were enough to fill
some teachers with alarm. As
I result dances were discontinued,
and the students knew the reason.
Ito Be Continued)
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-08-26
ORGANIZED BOOK CLUB

The colorcd school vas still in
my mind. Negroes DO not have the
Use OF oux public library. ! sug-
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-08-26

Rankin lives a quiet private life
IN the Methodist Apartments. near
the Senate Office Building in WASH
ington. His wife is on the staff of
the World War Veterans Committee
OF the House. Their daughter, Miss
Annie Laurie Rankin. aged twenty
one. is paid salary by tie Commit
tee on World War Legislation, OF
which her father is chairman.
Evening star., 1944-01-12
han's War Role
Cited BY Greeley

The Importance of Trans role in
the war was described by Brig. Gen.
John N. Greeley yesterday in an
Illustrated lecture at the Washing
ton Club.
Gen. Greeley, son OF the Arctic ex-
plorer and recently returned from
Iran, where he served as q military
adviser, told his audience OF the
land of Omar Khayam, which has
become a vital link" in the trans
portation of goods to Russia. Koda-
chrome views OF gardens and ancient
ruins recalled the past glory of
Persia. Others showed American
trucks rumbling over the highways
and American locomotives puffing
through the mountains with war
materials for Russia. A black and
white moving picture showing car
goes being loaded at a port on the
Caspian Sea, trucks being assem-
bled by American Army engineers
and British railroad men working
on the Iran railroads also was
shown by Gen. Greeley.
Gen. Greeley was presented BY
Mrs. Cloyd Heck Marvin, the club
president. Special guests of Mrs.
Greeley, wife of the speaker, who
remained for luncheon after the
program, included the Minister of
Iran, Mohammed Shayesteh; Nine.
Rybar, wife of the Counselor of the
Yugoslavian Embassy; Mrs. Brehon
Somervell, wife of Gen. Somervell:
Mrs. Lorenzo Gasser, Mrs. Virgil
Peterson, Mrs. Clark Woodward.
Mrs. Franklin Babcock, Mrs. Brisson
Norris. Mrs. Frank Simonds and
Mrs. G. G. Baughman.
Evening star., 1944-01-12
1t. Hall Weds
Miss StrObecker

Word has been received in WASH
ington from Mrs. Elizabeth S. Stro-
hecker Of Little Rock, Ark, for
merly Of Washington, announcing
the marriage of her daughter, Miss
Margaret Davidson Strohecker, to
1t. Robert Spencer Hall, son of Mr..
and Mrs. Herbert Hall OF Washing
ton. The wedding took place in the
chapel at Camp Robinson, Ark, De-
cember 1S, Chaplain Herman M.
Gross officiating.
Pvt. Elizabeth r. Strohecker, q.
s. A., gave her sister in marriage.
1t. and Mrs. Hall are graduates Of
Roosevelt High School and in the
same class. Mrs. Hall attended
Mary Washington College at Fred
ericksburg and 1t. Hall attended
Maryland University until he was
called into service.
1t. and Mrs. Hall will reside In
Little Rock temporarily.
Evening star., 1944-01-12
Colorado Wedding
Held Recently

Col. and Mrs. C. M. Kellogg Of
Colorado Springs, formerly Of Wash
ington, announce the marriage OF
their daughter, Miss Mary Louise
Kellogg, to Mr.. Victor E. Kaufman
jr, son of DR.. Kaufman of Canton
Ohio. The ceremony took place De-
cember 20, Col. Charles C. Merrill
chaplain Of the I'd Army Air Force
oficiating in the chapel at Colorado
College, Colorado Springs, and re-
ception followed at the I'd Army All
Force Headquarters Officers' Club.
Miss Elizabeth Alice Kellogg, sister
OF the bride, was the maid of honor
and Mr.. Robert Myers, classmate OF
the bridegroom at Kenyon, served
as best man.
The bride is graduate of Wood
row Wilson High School and she at
tended Temple Business College In
Washington. She also attended
Ohio State College.
Mr.. kaufman was graduated from
Kenyon College and he will receive
his degree In medicine from the
Ohio State Medical School. He /.
at present studying at a Columbus
Ohio, hospital and will be commits
stoned in the Army when he finishe,
his medical course next August.
Evening star., 1944-01-12
By the Way
BETH BLAINE

For four years now Mrs. An
thony Lucas has been working
for the Red Cross. She started
out working for the first war
relief fund two years before we
were in the war. She has taken
the staff assistance course, and
the nutrition and first aid
courses. She also is a qualified
teacher of accident prevention.
Chiefly her Red Cross work has
been concerned with the speak
ers bureau and the war fund
drives.
AS you probably know there is
only one time year when the
Red Cross solicits funds and that
is during the periods Of these
drives. This year Sunday, Febru-
ary 27, has been designated as
Red Cross Sunday when the war
fund drive (Which will continue
through the month of March,
is to begin. Funds raised from
this drive provide for Red Cross
work throughout the year.
Part of Mrs. Lucas job is to
contact the churches and vari-
GUS organizations and clubs and
schools and arrange dates for
the Red Cross speakers who will
explain the drive and it's purpose.
Many of the ministers in local
churches will speak of Red Cross
work from their pulpits Sunday,
February 81, and some of the
churches have even arranged to
have the Red Cross speakers talk
at the services. In this way, Mrs.
Lucas told us, the Red Cross
hopes to reach over 100 900 people
during the month Of March.
A native of Connecticut, Mrs.
Lucas grew up and went to school
there. After a business school
course she came to Washington
and married her husband, who
Is with the National Research
Council, and since her marriage
has made her home in the Ma
tion's Capital. The Lucases live
in an attractive house in Forest
Hills and Mrs. Lucas says that
her hobbies are her husband and
her home.
Favorite recreation of both
Lucases is boating and camping.
At the beginning of the war they
sold their boat to the Govern
ment so now they've turned to
canoeing. They have a summer
place at st. Msry's City, Md, and
whenever they can get a week
end of in the summer they 20
down to relax and cool of. Mrs.
Lucas likes to paddle a canoe
herself and she thinks that
nothing is more fun than the
kind of canoe trip she and her
husband and another couple took
last summer-each couple pad
ding their own canoe. Before
the war the Lucases used to sum-
mer in Maine or take camping
Evening star., 1944-01-12
|Serpice Weddinqs
At Distant Points
of Interest Here

The marriage of Miss Vivian Ath-
allie HUNT, daughter of Mrs. Ray
mond Dixon, to 1t. Carlton Thyrle
Jardine, u. S. N. r., son of Mr.. and
Mrs. Grant Jardine of Joliet, ILL.,, is
OF interest here, where the bride was
born and educated. She was gradu-
ated from Central High School and
is member OF Omega Phi, and be-
fore her marriage she was employed
by the Netherlands Purchasing
Commission.
1t. and Mrs. Jardine expect to
come to- Washington in the spring
to visit her mother. They were
married in San Francisco Decem-
Der 20, the ceremony being per-
formed in the First Presbyterian
Church. Chaplain L. N. Kennedy,
ir., officiating.
Ensign Daird Laing gave the bride
in marriage and Mrs. Laing was her
matron of honor. 1t. william
Shields who with Ensign Laing is a
shipmate Of the bridegroom, was his
best man.
1t. and Mrs. Jardine had a short
wedding trip in California, leaving
after the wedding supper at the st.
Francis Hotel and he has returned
to sea duty while his bride tenn
porarily is living with Mr.. and Mrs.
Jardine in Joliet.
1t Jardine is graduate Of Pur-
due University, where he received
his commission in the Navy in 1941.
He was promoted to lieutenant
q. g. while on duty in Washington,
and while serving in the South Pa
cific received his promotion to his
present grade.
Another wedding of the same
date. which took place at a distance
and is of interest here. was that of
Miss Virginia Ann Fite and 1t.
Robert Welch Shaw, U. S. A. The
University Christian Church at
Fort Worth was the scene Of the
ceremony, the Rev. Granville Walker
ohiciating, and the reception was
held at the home Of Mr.. and Mrs.
C. T. Moreland.
The bride is the daughter Of Mrs
Chester Fite of Fort Worth and the
bridegroom Is the son of Col. and
Mrs. Virgil F. Shaw of Orlando,
Fla, formerly OF Arlington, Va.
Mr.. Grover c. Cole escorted the
bride and gave her in marriage and
she was attended by Mrs. E. P.
Womack as matron Of honor and
Miss Gloria Lupton and Miss Ann
Hutt as bridesmaids, 1t. Womack
was best man and the ushers were
Pvt. Edward Smith, Mr.. William
Horn, Mr. Walter Doris and Mr..
Elmo Webb.
1t. Shaw and his bride have gone
to Hattiesburg, Miss, where the
former is on duty. He was gradu-
ated from Texas Agriculture and
Mining College and November 3
received his commission from the
Of1cers' Candidate School at Fort
Sill He completed a six weeks post
graduate course at Fort Sill. His
bride attended Underwood College
at st. Charles. Mo-, and the Uni
versity of Texas.
Evening star., 1944-01-12


Miss Frances Ruth Aitchison,
daughter of Mr.. and Mrs. Fred
Aitchison, of Rochester, N. Y,
was married to Chaplain Daniel
w. Fowler, U. S. N. r., son OF
Mrs. Helen P. Fowler of Wash
ington, January 6. The wedding
took place at st. Stephens Epis-
copal Church in Rochester, the
Rev. Jerome Hates officiating.
The date being the Feast of the
Epiphany, the church had Christ
mas decorations in the chancel
and on the altar. Mr.. Robert
Towner sang preceding the cere-
mony.
The bride was given in mar
riage by her father and her we'd
ding gown was of ivory satin made
with a train. Her fingertip-
length veil was becomingly ar
ranged and she carried white
roses and snapdragons.
Mrs. Donald Kramb was ma
tron Of honor for her sister. An
other sister, Miss Dorothy Aitchi-
son; Miss June Fowler of Wash
ington, sister Of the bridegroom:
and Miss Eleanor Clark Of To-
ronto, Canada, were bridesmaids.
They wore brocaded satin, the
matron Of honor in ice-blue and
the others in geld-color, and they
carried roses and snapdragons.
Little Miss Melody Smith was
flower girl, wearing ice-blue satin
and carrying an old-fashioned
bouquet.
Mr.. William Nixon was best
man and the ushers included Mr..
Byon Kinlaw, Mr.. Donald Kramb,
Mr.. John Moore and Mr.. Robert
Newell, all of Rochester.
The reception was held at
Green Gables, after which Chap
lain and Mrs. Fowler left on their
short wedding trip. They will
come to Washington, where the
former will report for active
duty. Chaplain Fowler was grad
uated from Central High School
and also from Richmond Uni
versity and the Colgate Roches-
ter School of Divinity.
Evening star., 1944-01-12

were the Chilean Ambassador and
Sonora de Michels, the Guatemalan
Ambassador and Sonora de Recinos,
the Assistant Secretary of State and
Mrs. Adolf A. Berle, jr.; the Adviser
on Political Relations Of the State
Department and Mrs. Laurance Dug
gan. the Counselor of the Bolivian
Embassy, Senor Don Carlos Dorado
Chopitea; the Military and Air At
tache and Sonora de Moscoso, who
gave a dinner last evening for the
Ambassador and Sonora de Qua
challa, and the Financial Counselor,
Senor Don Raul Diez de Medina.
From the Peruvian Embassy circle
were the Minister Counselor and
Sonora de Chavez, the Naval At
tache and Sonora de Labarthe, the
Counselor and Sonora de Elguera,
the Air Attache and Sonora de
Reverado and the Naval Attache
and Sonora de Sarmiento.
Sonora de Guachalla was the
honor guest at luncheon yesterday
of Sonora de Michels, wife Of the
Chilean Ambassador, whose other
guests were Latin American ladies
who are close friends OF the hostess
and her guest of honor.
The Swiss Minister and Nine.
Bruggmann are others of the Corps
who are having small and informal
parties this week. They will have
guests dining with them tomorrow
evening and again Friday evening
in their very attractive legation,
Single Oak, on Cathedral avenue.
Parties for the Venezuelan Presi-
dent, Gen. Medina, will be strictly
official, and in addition to the din
ner of President Roosevelt, January
19, and that Of the, Secretary of
State, Mr.. Cordell Hull, January
Evening star., 1944-01-12
Mr.. ShowaIfer Weds
Miss Mayfeld ...

Miss Laena Lucille Mayfield,
daughter of Mrs. James Gordon
Mayfield Of New London, Conn, and
the late Mr.. Mayfield, U. S. N. (re-
tired, was married to Mr.. Edward
William Showalter. jr., U. S. N. r.,
son of Mr.. and Mrs. Showalter OF
Marshalltown, Iowa.
The wedding took place Christmas
eve in the Ivory Chapel of the
Mount Vernon Place Methodist
Church, the Rev. John w. Rustin
officiating. Mr.. E. Woodley Kale-
hoff, chief musician at the Navy
School Of Music, played the wedding
music.
Mrs. Mayfield gave her daughter
In marriage. The matron of honor
was Mrs. James Lewellyn Russell,
sorority sister of the bride, and
others in the same organization,
Miss Sally Dutton and Miss Trudie
Wedding, were bridesmaids. Little
Miss Kitty McEwan was flower girl.
Mr.. George Easton, U. S. N. r., a
classmate of the bridegroom, was
best man.
The reception was held at the
home Of the bride, after which Mr..
and Mrs. Showalter left on a brief
wedding trip in Virginia. Mr..
Showalter has returned to active
duty overseas. He is radio tech
nician and received preparatory
training in Iowa schools, gradual
ing from De Forests Training School
in Chicago. He was associated with
the Civil Service Branch OF the
Army Signal Corps School in Des
Moines and received special training
at the Naval Research Laboratory IN
Anacostia, where he was graduated
in October from the Radio Materiel
School. He is a member Of the In
stitute OF Radio Engineers. His
bride was graduated from the Will
liams Memorial Institute and the
New London Business College and
attended George Washington Uni
versity. She formerly was associated
with the States Relations Division
of the United States Public Health
Service and for the past year and a
half has been in the radio division
OF the Naval Research Laboratory In
Anacostia. She is president Of the
Washington Alpha Beta Chapter Of
the Epsilon Sigma Alpha National
Sorority.
Evening star., 1944-01-12

20, there will be several luncheons
for. him. The Governing Board of
the Pan-American Union will en-
tertain him January 20, the Under
Secretary of State, Mr.. Edward r.
Stettinius, jr., plans a similar party
January %, and the Co-ordinator
OF Inter American Affairs and Mrs.
Nelson A. Rockefeller will be hosts
at luncheon in his honor January
%. This party probably will be
very small and will be in the charm
ing home of Mr.. and Mrs. Rocke-
feller. -;
President Medina will 60 to Phila-
delphia early in the week Of Janu-
ary % and will visit Independence
Hall and will be the honor guest
at luncheon Of Mayor Bernard
Samuel. After his short stay in
Philadelphia he will 60 to New York
where he will remain a week, be-
fore starting South en- route to his
Venezuelan home
Accompanying the President Of
this South American Republic will
be his Minister of the Treasury,
Senor Don Rodolfo Rojas; the Min
lister Of Public Health, DR.. Manuel
Silveira; the Attorney General,
Senor Gustavo Manrique Pacainans:
the Chief of the Naval division of
the Minister of War and Navy,
Comdr. Arturo Picardi; the presi-
dent of the Central Bank of We
nezuela, Senor Don Jesus Mario
Herrera-Mendoza; the former Min
lister OF National Development,
Senor Don Eugenio Mendoza; Senior
Don Manuel Perez Guerrero, Sec
retary to the President; and Col.
Alfredo Jurado and Ensign Elio
Quintero-Medina, aides to the Presi-
dent.
Evening star., 1944-01-12
Housing Problems
Here Stressed
Before League

An outline OF the urgent needs Of
proper housing in the District was
presented by the voteless District
League Of Women Voters yesterday
in a program which included the
showing Of 56 slides and discussions
by leaders in local health, welfare
and housing circles.
Principal addresses were given by
Maj William H. Carey of the Public
Health Service, newly appointed d.
rector OF sanitation for the District
and Capt. Rhoda Milliken, head OF
the Women's Bureau, Metropolitan
Police Force. followed by brief talk,
by Ray HUFF of the District Welfare
Department, John Ihlder OF the Ma
tional Capital Housing Authority
Mrs. Helen Hoffman. executive di-
rector OF the Washington Housing
Association, and Mrs. Pauline Coggs.
executive secretary Of Washington
Urban League.
Speaking at the luncheon meet
ing at the YWCA, Mai. Carey
stressed the danger of community
health Of existing insanitary hous-
Ing which he emphasized is found
throughout the city. The speaker
placed much of the responsibility
for subnormal dwellings upon prop
erty owners. He said they should
see that their property does not be-
come detriment to the community
He enumerated various health haz-
ards found in slum dwellings, in
cluding inadequate heating, leaking
spigots, outdoor toilets, deficient
gas fixtures, cluttered and broken
stairways and floorings and trash
piles on premises providing refuge
for rats and other vermin.
Lack of inspectors and engineers
In the District prevents ADEQUATE
inspection Of dwellings, Mai. Carey
declared, thus defeating opportunity
to get at problems before they be-
come aggravated. The speaker con-
cluded with a warning against sew
age contamination from slum dwell
ings and declared that transmission
OF disease by flies and vermin easily
could become q danger to the COM
munity.
Capt. Milliken spoke on the effects
OF insanitary housing on juvenile
delinquency, pointing out how in.
sun1cient housing frequently bring,
about conditions dangerous to the
morals OF young people. She cited
the case Of the mother of l4-year-
old girl whose request for permis-
sion to move into a new neighbor-
hood was based on her fear of the
influence Of undesirable neighbors
upon her children. The building
housed alcoholics and women of un-
desirable character, Capt. Milliken
explained. The mothers fears were
justified, the speaker continued. as
with the passing of months In the
same dwelling due to impossibility
OF finding other quarters, the girl
fell into bad habits and has now
become problem for the Women's
Bureau.
Slides, several in kodachrome
compiled from pictures taken on re-
cent investigation tours by interested
groups were shown by Mrs. William
Wells, chairman of the league.
Committee on Public Health, Hous.
ing and Juvenile Delinquency.
Mrs. Eugene Dufield, president O
the league, presided at the luncheon
and introduced the speakers.