davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1944-01-26
Bolivian Boycott

The State Departments an
nouncement that the United States
would not recognize the new revolu-
tionary regime in Bolivia should be
read in conjunction with similar an
nouncements by Latin American
nations and by the British govern
ment. This amounts to a virtually
unanimous diplomatic boycott of
the new regime at La Paz, with the
exception of Argentina.
These joint moves have been
taken only after an investigation
conducted by the Inter- american
Advisory Committee, on which all
the republics of the american
Union are represented, with the ex-
ception of Argentina, which volun-
tarily absented itself from the pro-
ceedings. The State Department
undoubtedly follows the report of
the committee in it's condemnation
OF the regime headed by Major
Villaroel. Furthermore, the depart
ment makes it clear that the
Bolivian revolt is not an isolated
offense against Pan American
solidarity and security. The pro-.
nouncement states categorically
that the revolution "is but one act
committed by a general 'subversive
movement having for it's purposes
steadily expanding activities on the
(South American) continent.
The inter-American system built up
over the past ten years has had for
one of its purposes the defending Of
the sovereign republics of the hemi-
sphere against aggression or inter-
vention in their domestic affairs by
influences operating outside the
hemisphere and outside their indi-
vidual frontiers"
Although the department did not
mention by name the present gov
ernment of Argentina, the implicit
reference is obvious. Equally OBJ
vious is the suggestion that Axis in
fluences are operating in both cases
with the intent of expanding the
general subversive movement" to
other Latin American countries,
thereby disrupting Pan-American
solidarity and security from Axis
aggression and penetration.
This diplomatic rebuke, the sever
est ever administered by Washington
to a Latin American regime since
the establishment of the Good
Neighbour policy, is presumably the
forerunner of economic sanctions
such as the freezing of Bolivian
credits in this country and the ban
ming OF shipments of supplies to her
from the United States. Since Bo-
livia's economic life, is vitally de-
pendent on exports of tin and other
mineral products, for which Amer
lea is almost the sole market under
current wartime conditions, the dis
Evening star., 1944-01-26

put them into working order, and it
will not be surprising if the power of the
Russian drive outward from Leningrad
itself grows greater during the next few
days. This is matter with which the
fate Of the German troops in the eastern
salient is closely bound up.
X X **
AS it stands now, their only hope of
escape is by way of the outer belt
railway which cuts across all the main
lines just outside Leningrad and which
reaches the Moscow railway at Tosno.
BY crossing over on this line to the
south or southwest railways out of
Leningrad, the German troops in the
eastern salient might still be able to
make their escape. The western line
is already cut.
But II the Germans are to withdraw
In this fashion they must do 1t quickly.
Evening star., 1944-01-26
Stamps for the War

Usually at the beginning Of Janu-
ary the principal officers of the Post
Off1ce Department charged with
that responsibility have decided
upon an appropriate schedule of
new postage stamps to be issued
during the year. For 1914, however,
no list as yet has been compiled.
Meanwhile, a splendid opportunity
to dramatize the war is being lost.
Newspaper, radio, motion picture
and billboard facilities of publicity
have been mobilized to full efficiency
ever since Pearl Harbor, but stamp
designs-a natural as well as con-
venient media of propaganda in the
best sense Of the word-still are
neglected. Only the familiar W
shaped eagle three-cent, the Ma
tions United" two-cent and the
-Four Freedoms" one-cent issues
have been produced for ordinary
use since December Z, 1941. The
series Of Conquered Nations" flag
adhesives and the Lincoln-Sun Yat-
sen five-cent commemorative" for
China serve their special purposes
effectively enough perhaps, but they
have not had general circulation.
What is wanted is sequence of
stamps which will advertise what
is happening on the battle fronts
where Americans are engaged. A
set of three has been suggested-one
each for the Army, the Navy and the
Marine Corps. There likewise has
been an appeal for design paying
homage to nurses in the combat
zones. Another proposal has been
for stamp in acknowledgment of
the sacrifices of service star mothers,
especially those whose stars have
turned to gold.
The decision, 1t seems, lies in the
hands Of President Roosevelt, "the
Nations No. stamp collector; but
1t also is a duty Of Third Assistant
Postmaster General Ramsey S.
Black and his deputy, Roy M. North.
No outsider" need tell them that
new issues of vivid patriotic signif1-
canoe would contribute to the sue
cess Of the war Effort. including the
Evening star., 1944-01-26
1ruyeI Time Decision

The portal-to-portal pay decision
by Federal Judge A. D. Barksdale
presents an interesting, If somewhat
academic, question bearing on the
coal mine wage dispute.
Judge Barksdale, presiding in the
Federal Court at Lynchburg, Va,
has held that John L. Lewis and the
United Mine Workers are not en-
titled to compensation for travel
time under the provisions Of the
Wage-Hour Act. This is not the last
judicial word on the subject The
miners may appeal from his ruling.
Furthermore, they have a suit of
their own pending in another Fed
eral Court at Birmingham, Ala, to
test the same issue, and the Supreme
Court has before it a case involving
travel time in an iron mine, which
conceivably might be decided In
language applicable to the coal
mines.
Until there is a contrary ruling,
however, Judge Barksdale's decision
stands, and it has an interesting
application to the wage agreement
recently worked out between Mr..
Lewis and Secretary Ickes.
Judge Barksdale pointed out that
when the Wage-Hour Act was under
consideration in Congress, Mr..
Lewis indicated that he did not
expect the law to affect the coal in
dustry." A similar position was
taken by counsel for UNIV, and the
miners contracts have consistently
recognized that travel time was not
work time. Nevertheless, when the
lower courts held that iron mine
workers were covered by the law,
and when it came evident that the
coal miners could not get a pay in
crease under the Little Steel
formula, Mr.. Lewis suddenly came
to the conclusion that the members
OF his union were covered by the
law after all, and that they should
be paid under it for travel time. In
effect, he took the position that he
was under sort Of judicial man.
date to insist upon this. In his
discussions with Mr.. Ickes he stuck
to this position, and emerged With
a contract providing pay for an
assumed average travel time of
forty-flve minutes. And now one
Federal Court holds that so far as
the Wage-Hour Act is concerned he
Is not entitled to 1t.
The decision will probably have
little practical effect, since the Gov
ernment, as operator of the mines,
Or the real owners can pay for travel
time Il they want to, without regard
'tos the scope Of the wage-Hour law.
But the ruling does shed a signif-
caf,tslight on the. nature Of this
settlement with Mr.. Lewis. and it
should be interesting to the people,
who are now footing the bill for the
settlement through payment Of
higher prices for coal.
Evening star., 1944-01-26
Winter Down

Blood-red as Chinese orange through
stark boughs
The large, late sun ascends long past
its time
Into the sharp stiffness of a biue-gray
morning,
Into brittle silence of dsh-blue frost
rin1e.
Ho,0 notiouless, unwauering the early
smoke climbs up
In thin, pale spirals upon the mindless
air;
Ho,o clearly jail the silver echoes OF az
strokes,
As though an answering tDoodsman
chopped somewhere.
And Jar the single bark of straininq
hound
Comes dotDn the frosted morning Uith
q bdying ring;
Far, euer far, the heart strains ON its
leash
And cries along the winter Dood
totDGrd spring.
FREDERICK EHRldHT..
Evening star., 1944-01-26
WEDNESDAY, January 2e, 1914
Tax Exemptions and SIums

Current investigation of slum
clearance in the District should in
clude some examination of the effect,
over a long period of time, of ex-
empting from taxation the proper
ties acquired for reclamation. This
tax exemption is now construed as
the Districts contribution, matching
IN some degree Federal grants for
housing or housing subsidies. There
is persuasive argument in support
OF the practice. But with about half
the Districts area. now tax exempt,
and with discussions OF future pro-
grams Of slum reclamation based on
estimates OF acquiring and reclaim
Ing congested areas involving twenty
thousand substandard dwellings, it
is easy to see that this tax-exemp-
ton feature can assume substantial
proportions, further complicating
the Districts disadvantageous posi-
ton which already results from
excessive tax exemption.
The value of tax exemption in
properties acquired for low-rent
housing under Title I of the Alley
Dwelling Act now amounts to about
$4,000 a year, the cumulative total
from 1895 through 1912 amounting
to over $46,000. Rents are fixed now
to include theoretical tax payment,
and 1t was originally intended that
the District ultimately would be re-
paid for its tax exemption as invest
ment in slum clearance was nqui-
dated over sixty-year period. But
Congress now requires that all bal
ances and revenues from the proper
ties be paid into the Treasury, and
the Federal Government, not the
District, receives the equivalent of
taxes on the property.
In the case of other areas re-
claimed under Title II of the act
with loans and grants from the
United States, Housing Authority
the tax exemption Is construed as
the Districts 20 per cent contribu-
tion to annual rent subsidies from
the USHA, these subsidies being used
to make up the difference between
what tenants able to pay and the
rent which is charged. But there
does not seem to be any balance
sheet maintained to determine the
relation between the actual amount
OF tax exemption contributed by the
District and the amount of the
subsidies received from the USHA.
In some cities, it is reported, the tax
exemption amounts to as much as
SO per cent of the subsidies
OF the 20 per cent required by law.
The problem Of tax exemption,
because OF Federal property acquisi-
ton, is becoming serious in many
cities, but not nearly so serious as In
the District of Columbia. There
should be carefully drawn estimates
now to show the effect of large-scale
tax exemptions for low cost housing
on the city's revenues from real
estate taxes. Such estimates do not
now seem to be available. --....
Evening star., 1944-01-26
Very Much Needed

ANYBODY who races the grim pros
pect Of having to file q tax return by
March is will be in full sympathy
with Representative Frank Carlson
Of Kansas. As one OF the outstand-
ing Republican members Of the House
Ways and Means Committee, Mr..
Carlson wants to level the wilderness
Of forms. regulations and legal
phraseology now tormenting some
50,000,000 American taxpayers. To
this end he proposes to merge the
Victory tax with the regular income
tax, establish single tax base with
q single set Of rates and exemptions,
and make several other adjustments
calculated to relieve the overwhelm-
ing majority of us of the necessity Of
filing any return at all.
Mr.. Carlson feels that the present
Withholding mechanism, which COW
ers the personal incomes OF most of
us. could be SO improved upon as to
permit perhaps as many as 10000, 900
Of us to live happily from year to
year without ever once being obliged
to fill In Treasury form. It is too
late today to do anything along this
line In time to save us from the job
Of making out our returns for March
is, but Mr.. Carlson is looking for
ward to next year. believing that if
Congress begins at once to strive for
drastic simplification of the income
tax laws, the American taxpayer will
not again have to suffer the bewil-
derment he is suffering now.
Mr.. Carlson may be aiming at the
moon when he sets out to free
10000, 900 Americans Of the need to
file returns, and his suggested reform
program may be otherwise weak in
detail. but there can be no doubt
that he Is on the right track in
calling for a major operation" on
our tax laws. For 1t is only too true,
as he points out, that since the
enactment OF the original income
tax statute Of 1918, Congress has so
amended that act as to make it "a
hodgepodge OF language" This is a
point that needs no elaboration;
every citizen with the March 18th
forms before him is painfully aware
OF the truth of what Mr.. Carlson
says. In his words, simplification-
even If it cannot be as sweeping as
he SUGGESTS "our No. tax Job,
and Is on the must list"
Evening star., 1944-01-26
Letters to The Star
Congress Held to Blame
For Labor Troubles.
ro rhA Tditor ~ r,ha ot>,


For Labor Troubles.
70 the Editor Of The Star:
There seems to be disposition to
blame President Roosevelt for the labor
situation. But think Congress equally
Is to blame.
It perhaps is true that Mr.. Roosevelt
has appeased labor too much. However.
when he took over the Government in
1888, after II years of Republican rule,
the country was sunk In an economic
depression. Millions OF workmen were
out Of employment. Those who could
get Jobs received very low wages. The
President set about obtaining legislation
that would remedy the inequalities OF
workers and farmers.
Later, he was wise enough to sense the
danger Of world domination by the ag-
gressor nations. When he proposed to
quarantine" them, he was met with
charges of "war mongering." Yet he
used every diplomatic facility to pre-
vent war. After Pearl Harbor, he
realized that We could not fight unless
we could have the cooperation OF labor
with patriotic citizens at large. True, he
discouraged drastic measures to curb la
Dor unions. His faith was justified by
80 per cent Of the organized workers.
Meanwhile, Congress Is the law-making
branch of the Government. It has the
privilege and duty to pass any law need
ed to control labor, but it has failed to
do that. The Connally-S Smith Act was
only subterfuge, enacted to put the
President on the spot and calculated to
inspire rather than to prevent strikes.
Unless something is done to stop poll
tics, create unity and heal the breach
between the legislative and the execu-
tive branches Of the Government, we
may not lose the peace, but the war
itself. WELLINGTON SNTTH
Evening star., 1944-01-26

curious fourth-term
resolution prepared
and offered by the
ardent New Deal
Senator from Rhode
Island, Mr.. Theodore
Green, and adopted
by the committee
without protest.
These two things
amounted to a dec
laration of his
fourth = term can
didacy by the Presi-
dent and an asser-
ton of his personal
control of the party
mo chir,orxy Thoro
Evening star., 1944-01-26

maintenance Of morale at home.
There is q magic about the little
scraps Of paper" which Sir Rowland
Hill invented to frank postal matter
more than a century ago. His de-
vice made Queen Victoria the most
widely famous woman who ever
lived. The same principle is worth
development in relation to the fight
lng Of the greatest Of wars today.
Evening star., 1944-01-26

In the war. Some
OF the criticism seems
to me exaggerated.
But insofar as mo-
rale Is inevitably
bound together with
clarity about aims,
there are sound rea-
sons for ofncials to
be perturbed. For
this war has one alb
solutely unique as
pect - namely, that
at this advanced
stage Of it. nobody in
the public knows
what our peace plans
Evening star., 1944-01-26

troops to cover the
eastern approaches
to the Appian Way
after the surprise
Allied landing of last
Saturday In the Net
tuno-An1o area on
the western shores Of
italy.
The operation of
the Allied 5th Army
under command of
1t. Gen. Mark w.
Clark probably was
the most d ari n &
undertaking of the
war thus far. We
Evening star., 1944-01-26

CnuQOVO ana lOSnO.
These are the troops
who are still block
ing Russian use of
the main Moscow
Leningrad Railway,
They already have
been drive n from
the positions they
had held SO long
blocking two other
railways into Lenin-
grad, farther east.
These lines will
become available for
Russian use as soon
oS tho oy,nin oorc non
Evening star., 1944-01-26
Much Too Much
1e Topeka Capital

Prom the Topeka Capital.
Secretary Morgenthau. who failed to
make a success Of milking cows and quit
the dairy business, Is chagrined at his
inability to milk Congress. He will be
satisfied with q revenue bill Of no less
than 10h billion dollars. Maybe he
expected too much Of the cows. too.
Evening star., 1944-01-26

landed sizable force in an area where
adequate port facilities are lacking, and,
unlike Salerno, we caught the enemy
completely by surprise.
The whole question now is whether
the Germans have sufficient mobility to
bring up enough reinforcements to
check the Allies on the new front.
The furious attacks Of Marshal Albert
Kesselring's troops in the south are
believed to be intended to prevent the
Allied forces from moving northward
and making a junction with the newly
landed units.
The combined British and American
air force is cooperating with the land
ing units more effectively than it did
four months ago at Salerno and is
attempting to disrupt the German lines
Evening star., 1944-01-26

ruptive effects upon Bolivian. econ
on1y must be immediate and drastic.
Even with Argentine assistance, 1t
is doubtful that the revolutionary
regime could long maintain itself
under such a situation.
Evening star., 1944-01-26
The Great Game of Politics

There ought to be no illusions about
the meaning either Of the election Of
Robert Hannegan as chairman of the
Democratic National Committee or the
Evening star., 1944-01-26

The Russians continue to make prog
ress in the Leningrad area, where the
immediate question is the fate of the
German troops in the salient between
Evening star., 1944-01-26
On the Record.

Mr. Stimson's speech asking for a Ma
tional Service Act was the high point in
flood Of criticism from official sources
about the low tone of American morale
Evening star., 1944-01-26

Most Of the major Axis gangsters
nave large deposits in banks Of neu-
tral nations. Evidently they believe
In keeping their run-out powder dry,
Evening star., 1944-01-26
This Changing World

The outcome Of the battle for Rome
will not be known before the end Of the
week. The Germans are making stra-
teQic feints In the south and are rushing
Evening star., 1944-01-26
Discusses mo Change" Excuse
OF Some Taxi Drivers.
To the Editor Of The Star,

DiScuSScS NO Cnangc Excuse
OF Some Taxi Drivers.
To the Editor Of The Star:
have just finished reading the letter
from Taxi Drivers Mother. The ex-
periences she describes are outrageous,
Of course, but do not believe many such
happenings occur. II they do, the drivers
certainly make it up on other patrons.
My experience invariably Is that they
have mo change" for even one dollar.
To me it has seemed novel way to get
more than standard fare plus tip. But
one day it did burn me up. I had q taxi
called to bring me home from the hos
pital after serious illness. The dis
tance was six blocks, for which the
driver charged so cents. I asked him
to take out IS cents and handed him a
dollar bill
Well, he had mo change" as usual
and was too Ill to fuss-but it did get
my goat for was under heavy expense
at the hospital and would not be able
to work for several weeks more. I
could not afford to be extravagant. I
get around the mo change" song now
by either walking or using the street.
car. ONE WHO HAS BEEN BITTEN.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1944-11-20
Fertilizer Must
Be Ordered Early
To Assure Needs

College Station, Raleigh Nov 90
-ADou, 500 Thousand tons OF terti-
IIlel must De moved irGm mGUufnC-
turing plants to North Carolina arms
before January | or growers may
not Dt able II obtain all of the tcr,i-
liZer needed for next years c"uls
says d.. Emerson Collins. in charge
of Extension agronomy at State Col
lege.
Some farmers have been reluctant
TO order and accept carly deliveries
on their fertilizer because they lig-
ured that the war would soon be
Owe in the European ,heater and
conditions would be more NORMAL"
Dr. Collins explained. AS matters
nov stand, labor shortages in the
fertilizer plants, lack Of sufficient
storage room, and railway transppr-
tation difficulties point to a bottle
neck in fertilizer deliveries leXt
spring unless growers order early and
cooperate with the fertilizer mMnu-
facturers in the matter Of deliveries"
Under average conditions about IS
percent of the fertilizer in the Jni,cG
States is delivered in the last half
Of the year but in 1913 growers took
about 80 percent of their fertilizer
during this period and a serious ST.
uatlon was aVerted in the spring
of "A.
II is noW estimated that farmers
will use more fertilizer than last year
and that wartime conditions make IT
more important than ever to pet a
good delivery Of fertilizer during the
fall
Henderson daily dispatch., 1944-11-20
HATCHERY MEN MEET.

C0IIcgc otatI0n, KaTclgh, .
Tie annual meeting OF the Norm
Carolina State Mutual Hatchery As
ISOLATION viii be held in Raleigh, ~
the Carolina Hotel, on December 10
md IA. it is announced by r, /,
Brown. secretary of the association.
A special feature Of the meeting VIII
be the presentation Of an enlarged
and improved plan for pullorum
control in North Carolina. THIS dis
ease has caused large losses to the
poultry industry of the state and
the association will make an earnest
effort to assist in bringing about
lis control.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1944-11-20
RIG LFSPEDEZA CROP.

breaking lespcdeza c crop 1of
North Carolina this year is ioreseen
bv D. S. COltrane, assistant to the
Commissioner Of Agriculture. This
State. which ranked at the top OF
the list in the production of les
pedeza seed IN 1852, and was second
only TO Missouri in l943, is expect
ed to harvest 1862, 900 acres this sea-
son. according to Coltrane, who
pointed out that this should run to
28. 100000 pounds, one-third more
than last season.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1944-11-20

runners We're Iemlnded tOdaV OF
the election of community commit
teemen to De held Tuesday at two
O'Clock at election places through
out the county. The county We
ton VIII be held at the AAA Office
N Wednesday at two o'clock, at
which time members Of the county
committee Will be elected.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1944-11-20
AROJND ID TOWN
PAY TRAFFIC FEES

c. /. EdWards. j. T. Coker and
Il. r. Phelps paid fees of one dollar
each at the city clerks office dur
ing the weekend for violation of
traffic regulations.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1944-11-20
DIRECTORS MEET

Selection Cf a secretary was the
principal business to be considered
by the directors Of the Henderson
Chamber of Commerce at their
monthly meeting tonight. President
j. c. Gardner is TO preside at the
meeting
RadnicÌŒka borba = Workers' struggle. [volume] ([New York, N.Y.]) 1907-1970, 1944-07-27

vic, takodjer izgledaju Titu kao
"nekvaIifikovani'' partizani.
Pa Sta bi Tito hteo? Ear da
partiza11i, bill oni Srbi, Hrvati
ii Slovenci, podrzavaju neka
cvrsta ubedjenja, da stole ma ne
kim 'jakim" naGeli1na, kojih u
opste Geo partizanski polret ne
ma? "Partizan' Sc moze obias-
niti da zna6i: meSavina svakak-
viii raznorodnill elemenata, bez
nacela, bez ella taktike, koji ie
gotov da sa svakin kompromiSe
i Ga Sc sa svakim razidje, vec
prerna tome, kakvi su "izgledi"
"a njegovo licno, grupsko iii
klasno okoriscavanje. Vlada je
organizovana Cd takvih ljudi. cd
kojih nj Tito nije bolji. l sta Sc
sada BUM? Kraljevska, "kemu-
nistiGka", "demokratska", "soci-
jalistieka", hrvatska i srpsha Via
da ie sada tn, tai pesao : je
dovrsen.