davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1944-01-29
Gould Lincoln

merger OF the income and victory taxes,
WIN only one tax on personal income.
WIN a single base and single set of regu-
lations. Second, eliminate the need of
ming returns in the case of persons
whose tax liability is substantially with
held at the source, but permit taxpayers
TO file returns If they wish to do so.
Third, permit the use Of the short" form
OF return by those taxpayers whose in.
comes do not go above 5000 gross.
Che present law allows the use of this
form only to those whose gross income
Is not in excess Of $4,000 Fourth, sim
plify drastically both the short and long
forms Of return. Fifth, give taxpayers
until January Is following the close of
the taxable year in which to file an
amended declaration Of their estimated
tax and thereby avoid penalty for un-
derestimate.
Mr.. Carlson regards these changes as
only q beginning. He hopes eventually
to make the use Of the short" form of
return available to those with incomes
up to $4,000 gross.
Under Mr.. Carlson's bill the personal
deduction for married person would be
$l,l00, instead Of 81, 200 for the income
tax and 1924 for the victory tax. The
single persons exemption would remain
at $780, and there would continue a $3.50
exemption for each dependent. 1t has
been estimated that 5000, 900 persons
would be freed from income tax, but
that the loss in revenue would only be
$500 900 900 which would be partly offset
by the reduction Of exemption and re-
adjustment Of surtaxes.
The Republicans in the House are
vigorously supporting Mr.. Carlson. Rep
resentative Doughton of North Carolina.
Democrat, chairman Of the committee.
has promised to take the proposed meas
ure up in committee at an early date.
With speed, relief can be achieved before
the next returns are made.
Evening star., 1944-01-29

which was wisely passed by the Office
of Censorship. 1t has, in fact, long been
the desire of Elmer Davis and others
in owl to make the truth known, but
he has been restrained from doing SO
by those in the administration who felt
that the result might be further out
RACES on prisoners sti1 In Japanese
hands.
But 1t seems on the face of the evi-
dence that the Japanese hardly need
any encouragement for outrage The
crimes committed against our prisoners
were done when every Japanese thought
his country was riding high on q tide
OF victory; when there could be no idea
in any japanese mind Of day Of reck-
oning. Now that grim thought must be
coming home-at least to the leaders
Of Japan, If not as yet to the people
whom they so carefully keep In ig-
norance.
The only possible restraint that can be
Evening star., 1944-01-29

from the north so long as the main 5th
Army forces are halted
Marshal Kesselring heretofore has
been fighting purely defensive action,
relying principally on land mines, BOBBY
traps and strong fortiflcations. in the
mountains and hills which cover the
road to Rome from the south. Now he
Is gathering whatever troops he can
get from the reserve pool in Lombardy
for his last offensive attempt in that
area.
His object Is to smash through Gen.
Clark's forces. II he Is successful the
army which landed at Nettuno last
Saturday will have to withdraw. II he
fails we must expect q complete with
drawal Of all Nazi forces and the aban-
donment Of Rome.
Aviation Is Gen. Clark's main trump
card in his endeavor to frustrate the
strategic plans Of the Nazi field marshal,
Our superiority in the air Is over.
whelming.
The drawback Is the uncertain
weather. Early this week the American
and the British flyers enjoyed perfect
atmospheric conditions. When the
weather Is good they take heavy toll
In strafing German columns being
rushed to the front by road and rail.
Whenever there is heavy rain and fog,
air operations necessarily are restricted
and the Nazis are able to move their
men and supplies freely.
Whether the Germans are holding
their aviation for more important mill
tary actions or consider that the Italian
front does not justify losing planes and
pilots is not yet certain. So far we
have encountered only relatively small
Evening star., 1944-01-29

OF nina OF American taxpayerS-could
be taken. Successive laws, enacted to
meet the constantly rising demand for
more revenue, have resulted finally in
an income tax structure, accompanied
by mass of rules for making returns,
which has the ordinary man in the
street in dither Even the members
of Congress who wrote the laws are un-
able today to make out correctly their
own returns without aid from experts
OF the Internal Revenue Bureau, who
wrote the regulations.
So far, Mr.. Carlson is tackling only
the personal income tax-the taxes
paid by individuals. Taxes on corpora
tiops and businesses also are tremen-
dously difficult to estimate correctly. He
hopes eventually to deal with this prob
lem, too. and also with simplification
OF the Federal inheritance tax. Like
Topsy, Federal income taxes have "just
growed" The more the law has been
amended and revised, the less INTEL
lgible 1t has become to the public
Evening star., 1944-01-29
Dorothy Thompson

him when they discover that he alone
has water and vitamin pills which he
has refused to give to one of their MEM
bers who Is dying Of thirst. After this
they are rescued-by sheer luck-and,
encountering a second German, disarm
him, and ask-as the final Hne-"What
are you going to do with such people?"
The moral seems to be that the only
thing you can do with Nazis IS kill
them, not because they are evil, but
because you can't compete with their
efficiency, purposefulness and skill and
go on leading empty and comfortable
lives.
II this Nazi submarine commander
had been an American he would had
he ived-have received the Congress
sional Medal. That is the final iudg-
ment of the film. 1t is true that this
Nazi is brutal-but brutal only when a
selfish purpose demands it. He intends
to win and not lose. The others are
disturbed by his purpose only when it
affects one of them. The net effect on
an innocent observer must be that this
Is the democratic world it deserves to
perish, and certainly will.
I ask some of the same questions that
Mr.. Crowther asks. How could this
story emerge as it did? How could it
pass Hays office? What is the opinion
on 1t OF the Army and Navy Depart
ments2 Will it be exported to other
countries as an allegory about America?
And I ask Mr.. Hitchcock and Mr..
Skouras, the producer, of whose personal
good will have no doubt: Will you stop
this film and will you change it?
I have waited 10 days to write this
article while the film runs-and in those
10 days I have discovered that Mr..
Crowther and I are by no means alone.
in our impression of the effect of this
film
(Releaseh hu the nall Gu, din.ta n..A
Evening star., 1944-01-29
To Help the Hunted

Made up Of Secretaries Hull, Nor
genthau and Stimson, the Presi-
dents new War Refugee Board may
spell the difference between life and
death for thousands of Europeans,
especially for the Jews trapped in
countries either occupied or domi-
mated by the Nazis. AS Americans,
living in a land free of terror, we
may at times feel that there is some
thing unreal about the stories of
wholesale atrocities committed un-
der Hitler and Himmler. But the
terrible truth is that these things
have happened and are continuing
to happen. The leveling OF the
Lidices, the mass slaughtering of in
nocent hostages, the systematic
program to undermine the birth rate
in Poland and elsewhere-all this
and worse besides are fearful actu-
alities. AS far as the Jews are con-
cerned, for example, responsible
quarters have estimated that as
many as 100000 of them have al
ready been murdered by the Nazis,
and many more are likely to 60 the
same way unless something is done
to save them. The problem is by no
means an easy one, but the War
Refugee Board, with the facilities of
the State. Treasury and War De-
partments at its disposal, is equipped
to do at least enough to make
the horror less horrible than 1t is.
Through diplomatic pressure and
open warnings it can discourage
Hitler'S satellites from collaborating
in the pogroms and prosecutions,
and it may even be able to rescue
substantial number of the potential
victims by finding shelter for them
in neutral countries. In any event,
as President Roosevelt has declared
In creating it, the board Is a promise
to the hunted and oppressed that
the United States intends to do
everything possible to help them
and "everything possible" is not too
much: if we did anything less, we
would be falling short of our respon-
sibilities as a great Nation rich in
the traditions Of humanitarianism.
Evening star., 1944-01-29

put upon these leaders, as TO treatment
of our prisoners is the realization that
some day they will be called to account,
personally, for what they have done and
may do to those whom the fortunes of
war temporarily deliver into their hands.
That is why 1t is as well to publish
the facts, and keep on publishing them
as fresh evidence may come in. The
japanese leaders, looking forward to
their day of reckoning will know that
the American people are aware of what
they have done. They will see the evil
dence of the rising tide of public indig-
nation against Japan. They know that
who think that defeated Japan should
be treated mercifully, allowed to retain
its ancient institutions, given chance
to resume its place among the nations
OF the world in free commercial and
industrial competition.
They know that there are others who
favor making stern example of the
Japanese people, smashing their indus
try, taking from them their merchant
marine and all right of free commerce
with the outside world, reducing them
to an agricultural peasantry fighting for
bare suStenance with the reluctant and
over-tilled soil of their rocky islands.
These Japanese leaders will have some
hope Of making terms as long as these
terms, in the last analysis, will be the
product Of negotiation between their
government and the Allied governments.
Even If the peace is peace of uncon-
ditional surrender, yet the actual terms
under which hostilities will cease must
be determined by Allied military and
civil ohncers
The Japanese leaders well understand
that 1t Is one thing to face this situation
under conditions where . wide differ
ence OF popular opinion exists in the
Evening star., 1944-01-29
Maj. George Fielding Eliot

United States and Britain as to the ulti-
mate fate of Japan, and quite another
under conditions where the peoples of
those nations have been reused to un-
reasoning fury by murder and torture
practiced against helpless prisoners.
Therefore, from the simple point Of
view of desiring to keep their own
skins whole, and of desiring to avoid r
utter determination from the face of
the earth for the Japanese race, the
leaders Of Japan will do well to try
to offset in the minds Of our people
and the people Of the free nations of
the British Commonwealth the terrible
impression that has been produced by
the release Of this present chapter Of
horrors.
They will do well to see to it that
there should reach this country, and
the British, prompt and indisputable
evidence OF change of heart; that
completely reliable neutral agencies
should be shown, beyond possibility Of
doubt, that the Japanese are according
better treatment to those Allied prison.
ers still in their hands, and that this
better treatment shall continue right UP
to the moment of the liberation Of
those prisoners by the victory Of Allied
arms.
The leaders Of Japan are no fools,
They know they have lost this war. They
are wholly concerned with the price they
must pay for defeat. They know that
full reparation will be exacted for the
crimes they have already committed;
and they know that II thew are to
hope that the justice to come may be
tempered by any mercy whatever, they
must show some evidence, even If be-
lated, that they have somewhere within
them spark Of that humanity to which
they must presently appeal.
~ (copyright. 1914. N. Y. Tribune. Incl
Evening star., 1944-01-29

as badly OF in this respect as W did
before we finally overcame the
U-boat menace in the Caribbean and
Western Atlantic.
Lacking the ability to build ships
fast and in great numbers, and ap-
parently finding it almost impossible
to do an effective policing job in
the vast ocean areas south of it.,
Japan therefore faces the prospect
OF remaining helpless against the
one form Of attrition it can least
afford to suffer-the steady. slowly
choking loss Of the vessels it sorely
needs to wage war and transport
essential supplies to and from its
home front,
Evening star., 1944-01-29

gether with the German 10th Army,
which was believed at first to be slated
for action on the Nettuno front to the
north. are massed for the fight with 1t.
Gen. Mark w. Clark's main 5th Army
forces Only a small portion OF ths
10th army has been dispatched toward
the new Allied beachhead.
It stands to reason that unless Gen.
Clark can push north and effect a
junction with the Allied troops near
Nettuno, the diversion this landing
force has created can be Of little use.
The Germans appear unconcerned
over the progress of the new invasion
force. Their reinforcements are in
the hills and they feel confident that
they need not expect any decisive attack
Evening star., 1944-01-29

direction and entertainment, brilliant.
Less discerning critics than Mr.. Crowther
praised it. 1t has the makings of great
success. And yet, as I, and numbers of
others, have pointed out to the producer,
it is a film which, translated into Ger
man, could be presented in Berlin as
morale-builder for the Nazi's war, with
only minor changes. I refer to Life
boat"
"fLifeboat," released by goth Gen.
tury Fox. is the product of three highly
esteemed names: The English director,
Alfred Hitchcock, Kenneth MacGowan,
and the famous American author, John
Steinbeck. think it time for Mr.. Stein
beck to tell the public that this film is
complete distortion of his script-which
I have read.
understand that the original concep-
ton was Mr.. Hitchcock's-of a film, the
whole action of which should take place
in lifeboat, in which typical characters
Evening star., 1944-01-29
The Spanish Parallel

LIE Suspension OF OIL shipments
for Spain from the Caribbean area
during the coming month OF Febru-
ary indicates an intention by the
Allies to deal more firmly with a
problem similar in many aspects to
that of Argentina.
Although not identical, the par
allel is a striking one. Both Spain
and Argentina are technical neu-
trails in the present world conflict.
But, in practice, their neutrality
has been favorable to the Axis, and
they both have authoritarian gov
ernments whose ideology is closer
to those of the Axis powers than to
that OF the United States and Brit
ain. However, the motivation for
their foreign policies cannot Justly
be described as due to mere pro-Axis
sympathies. The situation is far
more complicated and has been
brought about largely by domestic
considerations. In Spain, especially,
the Franco regime has been con-
fronted with a difficult dilemma
ever since the fall of France nearly
four years ago, which brought the
German armies to the Spanish
border.
At that moment, when Axis domi-
nation Of the continent seemed more
than probable. there was unques-
tionably a strong tendency in Spain
to join the Axis and participate in
its projected new order" This was
especially evident in the Falange
party. But the traditional con-
servative elements in Spain were in
clined to look askance at such a
policy, that would have tended to
transform those historical ideals and
institutions for which they fought
the civil war and which they desired
to preserve unchanged by foreign
influences. whether from the right
or from the left. Furthermore, the
civil war had so devastated and dis
organized Spain's economy that it
was vitality dependent upon foreign
imports, including such sheer ne
cessities as foodstuffs and oil. Those
vital imports the Axis could not
supply, while the Allies could cut
them off at any moment through
their command of the sea.
The upShot has been a precarious
balance, wavering according to the
fortunes Of war. AS Axis prospects
decline, Spanish policy has been less
compliant with it's demands, while
the Allies have permitted hand-to-
mouth imports sufficient to avert
economic collapse. The time seems
to have come, however, with Spain
as with Argentina, when the Allies
are in a position to require these
dubious neutrals to cease giving any
effective assistance to the Axis. Ar
gentina has already bowed to the
inevitable under threat of economic
sanctions by the Allies. The stop
page of oil shipments to Spain is
the first step in process that could
be extended to foodstuffs and all
other imports. The time has passed
when Franco could threaten trouble
If driven to desperation. With
virtually no bargaining power left,
it is difficult to see how he can refuse
or evade compliance with Allied de-
mands for a foreign policy which
will in no way favor our enemies.
Evening star., 1944-01-29


stranded with German Nazi, when an
American merchant ship is torpedoed,
ana the German submarine also sunk
What was to emerge then, was to be a
picture OF representative behaviour.
Mr.. Steinbeck was employed to write
a script around this idea, did so, went
to the war fronts, and returned to see
a finished produce in which the mean
ing OF the story was not only changed,
but, In essence, reversed. In Mr.. Stein
becks script the Nazi is an average per-
son. and the leading characters the
Negro steward and an efficient American
trained nurse, who sets the Nazi's broken
arm. In Mr.. Steinbeck's script, the Nazi
falls overheard in a fight that ensues
when the others discover that, during a
night at the oars, he has changed the
direction of the boat, and they suspect
he is taking them off course.
Xxx
In the picture on Broadway, the Nazi
is superman. In fact, he is the only
person on the boat who has intelligence,
skill or purpose. His purpose is as one
among nine, to make the others his cap
tives and take them all to his supply
ship where he, a submarine commander,
can rejoin his navy and sink more Amer
ican ships.
Meanwhile, he-not the American
nurse-performs brilliant surgery on one
OF the American crew. He succeeds, due
to superior intelligence and will. Rather
than perish, all fall in with his plans.
While he rows, they spend their time
gambling, making love and expressing
concern only over personal interests.
When he is finally killed-by as hys-
terical murder as was ever displayed
on flint is not because he has been
winning his war, and making fools of
all-on the contrary, the crowd has
even piped for him while he sang senti-
mental German songs. No, they kill
Evening star., 1944-01-29

m e m b er OF the
House Ways and
Means Committee,
which handles all
tax legislation, is
pressing the COM
mittee for early con-
sideration of the bill
he recently intro
duced, simplifying
both the income tax
itself and the re-
turns which must
be made under the
law.
No more salutary
step-for the ease
Evening star., 1944-01-29

war which deserves
the support of every
writer on public af-
fairs. He is not
writing as a critic
but as a patriot. He
has pointed out-in
two articles-that a
film, which recently
opened on Broadway,
and shortly will be
shown to the Nation,
simply must not go
further without fun
damental changes.
The film happens to
be, from the point of
Evening star., 1944-01-29

nature.
G e r m a n troops
under command of
Marshal Albert Kes-
selring are being
concentrated in the
narrow strip above
Casino served by
two good highways
and two railroads.
Enemy fore e S
hitherto engaged on
the Adriatic front
against the British
9th Army are being
rushed to the area.
Th oeo frcoy~c tn
Evening star., 1944-01-29

CneSe horrible 1actS
will be all the more
violent by reason of
their having been so
long withheld from
public knowledge. 1t
looks very much as
though the Govern
ment's hand had
been forced by the
forthcoming publica-
ton of an article on
this subject by Pal
mer Hoyt, formerly
assistant director of
the ONCE of War In
formation. an article
Evening star., 1944-01-29
The Political Mill

Out of the income tax maze by March
Is is the hope held out to the American
taxpayers by Representative Carlson Of
Kansas. Mr.. Carlson, a Republican
Evening star., 1944-01-29
Facts Sought

The country will be justly outraged
over the report on the torture and mur-
der of American and British prisoners
of war by the Japanese The impact of
Evening star., 1944-01-29
This Changing World

According to available reports, the
battle for Rome is being fought not on
the Nettuno front. but north Of Casino.
with all other operations of secondary
Evening star., 1944-01-29
On the Record
"Lifeboat." "

LUtDOdC.
From the ivory tower of critics COL
umn, Bosley Crowther, who reviews films
for the New York Times, is wagins a
Evening star., 1944-01-29

and advised Congress accordingly. that
congress has the lawful power to revise
or Ignore final judgments of the Court
OF Claims. Congress has accepted that
view, erroneous though it is both legally
and morally. Since then, Appropria-
ton Committees have ignored final
judgments Of the Court Of Claims or or
oered retrials upon the occasions when
ever persuaded that they ought to do
so by accounting officials, or members
OF Congress who may be splenetic to-
ward the judgments. The committees
may pass favorably upon them later
when swayed to do so by personal ap-
peal for political considerations. Thus
Congress constitutes itself a sovereign
court.
OF course, Congress has the actual
power to refuse to perform any of it's
oollgations; but it certainly has not
the lawful power to repudiate, reverse
or. modify judgment of its own court
created by it for the purpose of render
ing Judicial judgment. Having SUBJ
Jected claims to adjudication, the doc
tr1ne OF "the power of the purse" is no
longer involved. 1t is the highest moral
and legal obligation of Congress to
satisfy the judgments. It's failure to do
SO will in time weaken Congress. SUBJ
stltution OF uncertain political Judgment
Tor Judgment reached through legal
processes does Congress and the country
no good. A citizen would suppose that if
Congress really believes in government
OF law (and this writer believes that
Congress does) it ought to respect this
court and not ignore or trample upon
its jurisdiction. It seems to me that
though the matter is Of vast Importance.
Congress simply has not got around to
thinking it through.
SAMUEL +, ANSELl.
Dirva = Field. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1915-current, 1944-09-22
KA MES TURgAAE DARYTH DABAR

Americas Hetuviai! sios znios ir ktrios dar at
els, saukas musu akcijos! Atminkt datar Lietuvius
vel zudo tie kure liko Americas ALIJANTAIS, ku-
rie gauna is Americas MUSI maista r ginxlus uz MU
SQ SUDETUS PINIGUS = Karo Bonus
NUNS rupi Lieuvos zmonu isgelbej ejimas = r mes
PRIVALOM tuojau stoti items pagalba
Rengkim masinus mitiugus, rasykim prasymus ir
siVskim PETICIJAS Prezidenta Rooseveta DABAR!
Skubekime rnkti parasus ant Peticju, Spaliu
pahaigoje Amerikos Lietuviu kareviV Motinq konsi-
ia vaziuos SUI Peticioms Washngtona.
skirkit IS koonijos pc viena dvi ar daugau
Letuviu kareiviu motnu pas Prezidenta vaziuoti
Darykime visas kitas pastangas protestuoti prizes
Sovetu okupantu hrutaska pasikesnima snaihnt n,,-
su tauta Mes Americas piliecai, ir neprivaome
pakes toxin darby Amerikos sajungningo Sovetu Ru-
sijos kuri u musu pingus r musu darbo prakatu ka-
riauja uzgrobmu r iszuymui musu broiu senoje musu
tevyneje.
Amerikos ir Rrtu armijos vakaru lfronte tautas
slasvina ir atstato u neprikausomybes, Soveta uz
kariauja pavergia zMdo r gabena Lietuvu vetas sa-
vergus Rusls, kies jsakyta baIsuo uz prisideji-
ma prize Sovietu jegu vel Letuvoie bus pravedama gy
ventoju balsavimas Mes tokiam baIsavimu turin b,l-
priesing Lietuva pasjskeIbe NeprikausOn,a Vasa-
rio 16, 1918 metals, ir to NUNS pakanka