davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-04-26
MAYER is TOPS

PHILADELPHIA, April 25-tRt-
Louis B. Mayor, who rose from a
small time theater operator to one
of the nations leading movie pro-
ducers earned $1,138,992 during
the 1943 fiscal year to retain his
title as Americas highest paid
executive for the 10th consecutive
year. His 1912 salary was $949, 1885,
"a. the Securities and Exchange
Commission announced today.
The salary statement said Of the.
total paid by Loew's Inc, to
Mayer as managing director OF
production, $242, 22663 remains
presently unpaid pending further
discussion with the salary staba.
1ization unit of the Treasury De-
partment.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-04-26
SENSIBLE PILOTS

A U. S. FIGHTER BASE IN
BRITAIN, April 25-IR)-When Mus
tang tighter pilots took off to es-
cort bombers to southren Ger
many yesterday blonde Oda Wat
tenmaker, Red Cross clubmobile
girl from Charleroi, Pa, was on
the field to wave goodbyes.
"A kiss for every pilot who
shoots down "a German today"
she promised.
After the Mustangs returned last
night % pilots lined up outside
Ada's wagon. Only one asked for
coffee and doughnuts.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-04-26

Technician Fifth Grade John
D. Woody, Jr., Route 5, has re-
Gently been graduated from the
Dehydrated Foods Course at the
Bakers and Cooks school at Fort
Sheridan, ILL.,, according to an al
nouncement by Col. John T. Rhett,
Post Commander.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-04-26

Of the U. S. Air Corps and has
served in North Africa, Sicily, and
other points around the Mediter-
ranean. He is now stationed in
England. His. wife, Mrs. Ruth
Blanton Scott, had not seen her
husband since last May. They
have four months old son.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-04-26
RETURNS TO GREAT LAKES

William Low
e ! l McMinn,
fireman second
class, has re-
turned to Great
Lakes, Ill, to
attend b a S i C
e n G i n e e r s.
school, a f t e r
spending a A.
day leave with
his wife, Mrs.
Elma McMinn
and small son,
5 / 3 Chestnut
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-04-26
ASSIGNED TO L. S. T.

AVA ~ / - w
Evans, S &c.
son of Mrs. Su-
die Evans, 148
Spofford. is now
assigned to L..
S. T. serving
somewhere with
the North At
1antic Fleet. He
received h i S
boot training at
Bainbridge, Md.
and amphibious
1 roipipo Of T;f
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-04-26
AT TEXAS A. & M.

Albert Wehrhahn, Jr., son Of Mr..
and Mrs. Albert Wehrhahn Of
Acme, has arrived at Texas A. &
M. College for course of Army
Air Force instruction lasting ap-
proximately five months prior to
his appointment as an aviation
cadet in the Army Air Forces.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-04-26
APPEARS IN PICTURE

L L II t 5 l. l..
Scott, son of
Mr.. and Mrs.
D. w. Scott, ap-
peared in the
neWsreel. Air
Borne In v a.
S i o n which
was shown at
the Bailey the
atre a few days
ago. Sergeant
Scott is in the
seth Troop Car
rier Squadron
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-04-26
EXECUTOR'S NOTICE

The undersigned having qualified as
Executors under the Will of DR.. Ernest
S. Bullock, notice is hereby given to all
persons having claims against the Estate
of DR.. Ernest S. Bullock to present such
claims to the undersigned for payment
on or before April S, 1945 or this notice
will be pleaded in bar of recovery.
All persones indebted to said Estate
will please make immediate settlement.
This the 5th day of April 1914.
Mary Bell Heyer Bullock
Willie z. Corbett.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-04-26
18O.-Legal

series, was seized in New Hanover
County, North Carolina, for violation of
the Internal Revenue Laws, to-wit: Sec
ton 1921, I. R. C Any person claim
ing an interest in said property must
appear at the office of Investigator in
Charge, Alcohol Tax Unit, Charlotte
North Carolina, and file claim and cost
bond as provided by Section 1924, /. R.
c., on or before May IL, 1914 other
wise the property will be disposed OF
according to law. R. E. futile, District
C11neryiSor
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-04-26
BUTTER AND EGGS

CHICAGO, April 25-R-(WFA)
Butter was firm today and I'm
changed at OPA ceilings. q.
Eggs were about steady. Medium,
extras 1929 IL; others pprices
unchanged.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-04-26

street. McMinn enlisted in the
Navy in January Of this year.
Prior to his enlistment he was
as conductor on the
Pennsylvania Railroad.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-04-26

tie Creek, Va, and Fort Pierce,
Fla. Prior to his enlistment in
July, 1913, he was employed by
the North Carolina Shipbuilding
company.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-04-26
BEACH PROPERTIES

bEACH PROPERTIES
CAROLINA BEACH
Florence Ave, Spencer csttage.
Contains one 3 room apt, and
one room apt. on first floor;
six room apt. on second floor.
Well furnished. A real home.
Vacant Business Lot, on High
way, Just south of Bame Ser
vice Station. About 247 feet
frontage.
WILMINGTON BEACH
Attractive 5 room cottage, on
Highway facing ocean. 5 rooms,
furniture includes electric re-
frigerator, oil circulator.
KURES BEACH
Attractive and substantial home
containing 2 bedroom apt. on
main floor, three rooms on
lower floor. Completely and
well furnished.
FOSTER-HILL REALTY co,
"We Sell the Earth"
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-04-26
1S0.-Legal

TREASURY DEPARTMENT, Office q
District Supervisor, Alcohol Tax Unit,
Bureau of Internal Revenue, Baltimore,
Maryland. Date of first publication, APP
ril -, 1914. Notice is hereby given that
on March Is, 1914, one 1881 Chevrolet
Coach, Motor No. 2775637, with Access
sories, was seized in New Hanover
County, North Carolina, for violation of
the Internal Revenue Laws, to-wit: Sec
ton 1921. l. R. c Any person claim
ing an interest in said property must
appear at the office of Investigator in
Charge, Alcohol Tax Unit, Charlotte,
North Carolina, and file claim and cost
bond as provided by Section 3724, l. R.
c., on or before May -, 1914 other
wise the property will be disposed of
according to law. R. E. futile, District
Supervisor.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-04-26
S0.-Houses For Sale

YOU CAN MOVE RIGHT m 1000
Woolcott Ave-, as It is vacant. We w;I1
assist you with the financing H. r
Wilder. Phone 1882,
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-04-26

FOR SALE
419 Chestnut St. 6 rooms. Cor.
ner lot near business center.
1905 Orange st. 6 rooms. Ear
ly possession.
514 Nun St. Double apartment.
A good investment.
Dial 23432
w. A. McGIRT, Realtor
H. S. McGIRT, Realty Dept.
215 Princess Street
FOR SALE 202 ORANGE STREET
good 8 room home, close in down town.
A real buy at price. Foster-Hiu Realty
Co. Dial 2-3371.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-04-26

TREASURY DEPARTMENT, Office of
District Supervisor, Alcohol Tax Unit,
Bureau of Internal Revenue, Baltimore,
Maryland Date of first publication, APP
ril u, 1914. Notice is hereby given that
on February 27, 1914, one 1899 Plymouth
Coupe, Motor No. Pe-262235, with access
ola cCIEIED nICDI Az
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-04-26

,o,c TFRBAPLANE, TWO PRACTICAL
" new tires. $1,000. 327 DAVE
1nriye, Maffitt Village.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-04-26

MI pay CASH FOR A GOOD CLEAN
W." ds~ Gail 9l47 after 4:3O.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-04-26

WANTED: BABIES TO KEEP BY HOUR
or day while you shop or work.
Telephone 1871. 221 Pinecrest Parkway.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-04-26

=, cpFCTAI. DELUXE PLYMOUTH.
'' Good car with radio, heater, defroster.
Clean inside and out-wlth fi I've good
fires. All B Vance street, Maffitt Vii
lage
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-04-26

industry: Young ladies with high
school education, or its equivalent, you
are needed in this most important and
permanent industry.
There are several branches Of the
trade to which young ladies are parti-
cularly adapted; namely, Hand Compo-
sition, Linotype. Intertype, Presswork
and proofreading. The fundamentals OF
these trades can be learned within
reasonable length of time by an IN
tensive and modern course in print
ing trade school. ....
Attractive payment plan for tuition
For complete information and free cata-
log write the Southern School OF PRINT
ing. Box 1887, Nashville ~ Tennessee
Evening star., 1944-03-10
OLD PICTURE - dated f47O-
shows a SICK NAN and NURSES

hind legs and wrap them in pieces
of deerskin. Apply the right leg
(of the frog to the right foot of
the gouty person, the left to the
left, and without doubt he will be
healed"
Both men and women worked as
druggists or medicine makers"
High prices were charged for drugs.
and one English king, Edward I,
paid an amount equal to $670 for
drugs used during long illness.
Queen Elizabeth paid 30 pounds
to her druggist during period of
three months. Most of this money,
however, appears to have been for
"sweetmeats and perfumes" which
the druggist sold to her.
Druggists were jealous about their
right to make medicine. In some
places they had quarrels with doc
tors over this matter. They tried
their best to bring about laws to
keep doctors from making and SELL
ing medicine.
Shortly after the end OF the Mid
die Ages, doctor named Paracelsus
started new methods in medicine.
He would not use many of the old
drugs. The doctors duty" he said,
"is to heal the sick, not to make
the druggists rich"
Evening star., 1944-03-10
Uncle Ruy's Corner

In Old Spain, during the time Of
the Moors. there was hospital
which had special rooms for people
with certain diseases.
/ That hospital also had lecture
halls, and We are told that each
patient, after being cured, was given
some gold pieces"
| 1t is hard to belieye that hospital
managers ever were kind enough to
pay their patients for getting well!
/ In this case it is said that the idea
was to keep anyone from going to
work too soon after leaving the hos
lpital.
1t may be that good -hearted
Moorish prince caused that custom
to be followed @or a time. In any
case, the Moorish and Jewish doc
tors of Spain were the best in
Europe during the Middle Ages.
In Northern and Western Europe,
most people had very poor medical
service. One doctor. Gilbert the
Englishman," said that gout should
be treated in this way:
Take frog when neither sun
nor moon is shining. Cut off il.
Evening star., 1944-03-10

The 500th red ribbon signifyins
eight Red Cross blood donations ant
membership in the Gallon Club
has been awarded Mrs. Lillian Bron.
stein, Red Cross nurses aide.
Evening star., 1944-03-10
AUTOMOBILES WANTED.

BUICK 1941 convertible with low mileage
I Will pay high price in cash NO
BUICK wanted: name your price, will
try to meet 1t. Flood Pontiac. 422l Con-
CADILLAC needed for executive in highly
CADILLAC wanted; name your price, will
nectieut. Wo' s4o0' VD A''a0' o0h-
CHEVROLET wanted for war worker
Renas pon.s Sas9 prff psSsq sS5s for clean
CHEVROLET 1910 or la41 sedan wanted
diTect svr9 from owner; Cash. RA: s97s. -,
nectieut Wo, s4oo. 4O' '"''S'' e~|i con-
CHRYsLER l94I, 1910 any model We
So6GE AND chs MfGR'R Ranted CD lo2o nsm.
yoqr 5ss pTies VII Try to meet it. Food Pom
FORD wanted for war worker in critical
area; premium cash price Bendall Pom
FORD wanted; name your price, will
try to meet it. Flood Pontiac. 1921 Con-
nopn nessiegt Wo; 500;
ed extra hieh prices for extra good cars
HTpsos HHTlnss5s M9t95s 1as5 s4oi .sdsr , ave ne
oLpsMoBiLE wanted; wan sG0Gi name your price;
Eanrcy,n, VII try to meet IT. Flood Pontiac. 1927
PIERCE ARROW 80 81 or 80 model. for
Ssreekilns wi espeslaliy front brake cable
S pa OT cs6 prce or sHGf cean
ELYMoG5TH' eSevroIsI. E .st1debaksr or
PLYMOUTH WANTED-Nanmese &c, roup y : Or price-
e u to "fs' Wo IT $500 Fo0' Pontiac
ssgsrtsTs and win pay TOP dollars for any
Pontiac. 4o7 florida ave ne. ':Vo' o0aS'-i"
PONTIAC, Will pay premium cash price for
clean car for war worker. Bendall
PONTIAC wANIED-Nsme your price
will try to meet it., Flood Pontiac 1927
4 PRIVATE PARTY with a good car. call
No No o3I U,i;r,ol VIII pay you a high cash
any year or model. Bendsll Pontiac, TIE
Hlno HAxE yog FORGOTTEN to call Adam.
plenty OF cash right now. Arcade Pontiac
BE SURF TO SEE LOVING before you sci
Full m Retail PRICE paid in n cash tol
Williams Auto Sales 1929 r, l. ave ne
PRIVATE PARTY will pay ash for clean
used car; prefer late model, but Viii con
tlder older car Call Alexandra 1850. l:}'
PRIVATE PARTY Wili pay any price for
clean low.mileage car. Late model pre-
WANT BEST PRICE for your car, Sc,
Loving before you sell. We pay the higt
cash prlce Loving Motors. 1919 NJ st "
PRIVATE OWNER wants 194I Chevrolet
WANTED TO BUY from private owne
1871 or 1912 Chevrolet or l94 or 1911
Pontiac. Be able to quote mileage, prc,
and condition OF tires Call EX, 55@t
INDIVIDUAL wants late model G NJ
Ford or ChrySler make, fauitless Condi
ton; cash Glebe "d29.
WILL BUY tor cash. Buick. Cadillac 0
La Sale, 1-Sester color black low mile
age Must be IN good condition. VIII
AIS Lowell St. OF phone or @5;i
] WILL BUY CARS, any make, any condi
ton, viii guarantee hlRheSt price. OF vii
sell for you on commission basis. Frank
Used Car Lot, SEA Bladensburg I'd. ne
AT. lI3
GovERNMENT WORKER wishes to bu
GOOD used car. Will pay cash. Call Trim
dad 1871 ls'
1912 3 to 3 passenger car Of first owner
FOR doctor. Box ll2-G Star.
TO SELL YOUR CAR FOR A HIGH
CASH PRICE. CALL RA. 1929. kENYOl
MOTORS, Georgia ave. at Kenyon ST
WILL PAY TOP CASH PRICES
For ANY Make or Model Car
PACKARD MOTOR SALES co,
Evening star., 1944-03-10

West opened the club queen.
When South saw the dummy he be-
came fully convinced that West
could not have doubled without
both the ace and queen of hearts,
and that East could not have made
his two-club overcall without a six
card club suit. There were simply no
other high cards outstanding which
could have justified the opponents
bidding.
But if East had six clubs, Vests
queen was a singleton and West
could trump a club return. In this
case the opponents would win the
ace of clubs, club ruff and Vests
two high hearts.
So when East played the club ace
on the opening lead, South dropped
the king on it. And East, deceived
into thinking it was. South who held
the club singleton and West who
held the missing three-spot, shifted
to the jack of diamonds.
Now it was easy for South simply
to lead hearts out of his own hand
until West had taken the ace and
queen, After that South could dis
card his low club on dummys spade
suit.
Yesterday you were Oswald
Jacoby's partner and. with your
side vulnerable, you held:
AKJ987
AJ1O9654
The bidding:
Jacoby Lightner You Schenken
10 ~ So 50
5A Pass CD
Answer-Six spades. Jacoby can
not have strong enough spades to
play without support. He is send
ing up a trial balloon" being pre-
pared for a slam, you should bid it.
Score 100 per cent for six spades,
80 per cent for six clubs, 10 per cent
for pass.
Question No. 1,641.
| Today you are Howard Schen-
ken's partner and, with neither side
vulnerable, you hold:
AAKQ
2A106
D9743
1852
The bidding:
Schenken Jacoby You Lightnel
IA Pass (O
What do you bid? (Answer to-
morrow
Released by the Bell Syndicate, Inc.)
The Fou Aces will be pleased to an
| swer letters from readers II stamped
f3-cent1 sef-aodressed envelope is In
| closed with each communication ad-
dressed to the Four Aces, care OF The
| Evening Star. II you desire the pocket
| outline OF the Four Aces system OF
| contract bridge. send with your request
to the -Four Aces, care of The Evening
Star, stamped (3-cent). self addressed
| larEe-size envelope and you will receive
| all outline without any charge.
The 500th red ribbon signifyins
eight Red Cross blood donations ant
membership in the Gallon Club
has been awarded Mrs. Lillian Bron.
stein, Red Cross nurses aide.
Evening star., 1944-03-10
AUTOMOBILES FOR SALE tcon,.

PLYMOUTH 1912 club coupe; this. car is
owner, M Lee q Butler Co, 1921 2lst st
PLYMOUTH 1889 club coupe: radio and
heater. ensine oyerhauled, new brakes and
sattery sse.Isnt bes1 tires laa7 Plymouth sedan
PLYMOUTH 'nS4g' ia4e maroon aanoon' 4-dr sedan:
10000 actual, miles: priority necessary necessary
trade snd TERMS. KENYON Motors, Georgia
rIYmotTm fTs e tksHSon 1ai s. aoo9 "a ga ..d.n t
equipped. 2-tone, gray and maroon. immac- :
ulaie inside and out, tires perfect trade
endr.,e end terms: suaranteed. Kenyon Motors
PLYMOUTH 1870 de luxe a-door sedan:
ffnsrantsed; fps aaeG terms; trade Leo Roeca,
Open eyenines and Sunday -''4' '''V'
PLYMOUTH 1a41 special de luxe 2-door
sedan: radio and heater, excellent tires;
evenings and SUNDAY.
rLIMoUTa PLY, Special de luxe door; ea,Goo ,lo,
nsT; poSGSsd good tires; 5000, Nj 23Ia: -.
age, priority required. Loving Motors,
PoNrIAc cS "A 81 1910 80 club coure; radio and
heater: guaranteed; terms: trade. Leo
Rocca. Inc, 43ol Conn. ave. NV. EN-
op9F eoae6 ahd hdssr sqna1y and radio
very good condition; s4o0, Apply Sat
pm. or Sunday, 3}4a Nichols ave Sc IL
PONTIAC 1871 "S" Torpedo sedan; gray
finish; ! owner: immaculate interior. radio,
heater. excellent frst-class tires: bargain
Wheeler. Inc, 4Slo. Wisconsin OR 1920
PONTIAC la4l club coupe. Sid Weliborn
Motors, Chrysler- Plymouth Dealers. 5000
Georsia ave. SH. $500
PONTIAC 194l conv.: 10000 actual
miles; ST .495. Must be seen to appreciate
Radio and heater AID. 446S
STUDEBAKER 1870 Commander 4-door
sedan: new-car condition, radio and heater.
excellent rubber. Lee D. Butler Co, l121
2lst st. NV. DI. 0110.
STUDFBAKER 1895 4-door sedan: 4 re-
caps; S100 as is. Seen after 3 pm E A
Culp. 304O r st. NV
SAILOR with 1889 Plymouth 4-door. i'm
maculate will trade for smaller car or
sell cutright. CO. $3.50.
TAXI, P. U. C.-1g42 Ford 1a41 Ford
1889 cheyrolet Davis, 1897 Champlan
Evening star., 1944-03-10
LETTER-OUT

Remove letter
cad for IN the last column Print the letter
from which
correctly,
to LETTER-OUT
(PD PERSON-NORSE a O. legends.
tE) MINTAGE-TAMING shrewn needed).
tS) ACTRESS-RECAST the
(K) KIND-DIN a
(Y) bv
Evening star., 1944-03-10
10Io COMMISSION

will sell your car for 10, commission
regardless of year, make or model EStab-
lished II years in washington and II
years with auto manufacturers VIII
furnish references and ! have large
clientele OF buyers waiting and will give
you quick action Al good prices. Just
phone ES $3.50 Tor appoInL ment with
Mr.. Sharkcy. trading as Sharkey Motor,
locsted at corner Of llth and NJ SITS NV
THOUSANDS OF cars were sold by me in
WsshinEton and vicinity.
SHARKEY MOTORS.
1ltb and NJ Sts. M. Phone EX $3.50.
Evening star., 1944-03-10
I~eA ha1

If you want free copy OF the Illus
trated leafiet, Your Body at Work"
send self-addressed envelope bear
ing a three-cent stamp to Uncle Ray
in care of this newspaper.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1944-06-30
Rubber Trees Grow in Florida
At USDA's Experiment Station
High Yield Plants Are
Developed for South
American Plantations

Long before this war began, the
department of agriculture experts
were experimenting with rubber
plants at an experimental station
near Miami, Fla, working with some
$50 acres of rubber-producing plants
and trees. Today, all that work is pay
ing off. Through a scientific meth
cd of grating developed by these
experiments, the yield of rubber
tree has been multiplied from seven
to ten times. The normal yield of
a single tree is three pounds of
latex. The grating process has in
creased this yield to from 81 to 30
pounds.
However, the Miami station is not
a rubber plantation. 1t is merely a
nursery where agronomists graft the
buds and bud sticks to sturdy stock
and nurture them until ready for
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1944-06-30
Two Man Foundry
Makes Farm Tools

Charles and Abraham Auchey, re-
spectively 70 and 60 years old, are
the proprietors and sole employees
of what is probably the smallest
farm equipment factory in the
world. 1t is called the Codorus
Foundry and Machine Shop of Co
dorus. York county, Pennsylvania.
Located in an area which boosted
an ironWorks as early as ITO, the
present foundry is, according to the
American Iron and Steel Institute,
in many ways like the primitive
ironWorks that once served the
needs of people in hundreds of COM
munities in the eastern states.
For well over 80 years the Auchey
brothers and their father before
them have been turning out farm
implements and gear. Their estab-
lishment never grew great or made
fame for its owners outside its own
region, the fertile Seven Valleys of
Southern Pennsylvania. But it has
lasted.
The glare from its cupola, lighting
up the night sky, is familiar spec
tacle in that countryside. The small
industry has become so much part
of tradition in York county that no
farmer for miles around starts for
the city when piece of farm ma
chinery breaks down. He comes to
the Codorus foundry to have repair
parts made, just as his father and
his grandfather used to do.
About a ton of iron is cast monthly
at Codorus. In terms of tonnage or
dollars this is nothing much, but it
satisfies the Auchey brothers and
their customers.
Charles and Abraham Auchey
have grown old with the foundry.
Both were born in sight of it, as
were their sons and daughters and
most of their grandchildren.
In its heyday at the turn of the
century, the shop employed eight
men and produced such complicated
apparatus as threshing machines.
Now it is two-man shop, except
when times comes to melt and cast,
every three or four weeks. Then
sons and sons-in-law come from
their farms and nearby city homes
to help the aging brothers with the
heavier work.
Neighbors also gather to assist in
the casting. The rusty old cupola,
installed by the father, roars and
trembles as the hot fire melts the
pig iron. When the glory hole at the
base of the cupola is opened, the
smoke-filled foundry is lit with a dull
red glow. The fiery molten iron
gushes forth into ladle as big as
a washtub. The iron is dipped out
in smaller ladies and poured into
the sand molds which lie about on
the foundry floor.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1944-06-30
In dustries Now Get More
Power From Soft Coal.

Coal production last year reached
an all-tlme high of 500 million tons,
compared to the former World war
peak of 579 million tons made in
1918. Half the mechanical energy of
the nation is now supplied by bitumi-
nous coal, with anthracite pro-
viding 8 to per cent and oil 80
per cent.
Despite the record bituminous out
put of 1913, consumption was 33 mil
lion tons greater, the deficit being
taken from surplus stocks. Domestic
consumption alone was 595 million
tons last year, but exports totaled
approximately 81 million tons, an
aggregate consumption of 622 mil
lion tons, according to the Index.
Fuel value has also been in
creased as the result of progress
in mechanical cleaning and COM
bustion efficiency. Electric utilities,
for example, needed 1922 pounds of
bituminous coal to produce one kilo-
watt hour in 1919, but in 1941, this
had been reduced to 1.34 pounds
The railroads needed 1854 pounds of
coal to haul a ton of freight 1000
miles, as compared with Ill pounds
in 1941. Fuel per passenger car mile
was reduced from 1871 pounds to
14.9 and enormous savings were
made in by-product coking and in
the iron and steel industry.
Research in bituminous coal COM
bustion has resulted in at least two
innovations which may be widely
utilized after the war. One of these
is smokeless-type stove designed
for bituminous coal. Another is a
new style of mechanical stoker
which comes under the classification
of fully automatic" Developments
in aviation and the Diesel engine
should decrease the proportion of
cheap fuel oil available for competi-
ton with coal. While increased eff
cheney of biturninous coal-heating
units should reduce coal consump-
ton in individual cases, it should
also widen the market for bitumi.
nous coal.