davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1944-01-15

This latter statute is what Is
known as the La Guardia anti
Injunction law and is one of the
most cherished privileges of labor
unions. They cannot be enjoined
during strikes. The Smith bill would
not only wipe off these privileges
but all advantages under the rail-
way mediation law and also under
any decisions or orders Of the Ma
tional War Labor Board.
This type of punishment would
not be relished by any labor unions,
and yet it is not in any sense Grim
inal statute, being more analogous
to the kind of restraining orders is
sued against corporations under the
antitrust laws. In fact, if the rights
of the La Guardia Act were with
drawn, labor unions would become
subject to the antitrust laws.
Congress will probably give the
President some alternative to his
universal service bill. 1t may turn
out that Mr.. Roosevelt will have to
decide as between the soldier vote
or the labor union vote, for that will
be the issue involved in possible
veto.
Reproduction Rights Reserved)
Evening star., 1944-01-15
PUG Agrees TO Changes
On Two Bus Routes

The Public Utilities Commission
yesterday agreed to recommends
tions for minor changes in the East
Washington suburban and Potomac
Park buses during rush hours.
In the East Washington order an
alternate route has been provided
Ffor outbound limited stop" buses
from Fourteenth street and North
Carolina avenue NE, north on
Fourteenth street to D, west on D
and thence on the present route.
The other outbound buses follow
East Capitol street to Fourteenth,
north on Fourteenth to North Caro-
lima avenue, northeast on North
Carolina to G street, east on G to
Seventeenth street and north on
Seventeenth to D street.
In the case of the, Potomac bus
route, no passenger stops during
rush hours will be allowed between
Varnum street and Pennsylvania
avenue except at transfer points
for discharge of passengers, and no
stops will be made between g and
Varnum streets except at transfer
points for northbound passengers.
However, no transfer stops will be
permitted at Connecticut avenue
and r street and at the avenue and
Twentieth street.
Evening star., 1944-01-15

nation of the country at his failure
to prevent strikes or to punish labor
unions that violate the no-strike
pledge. When the Smith Connally
bill passed Congress and was before
him, the President vetoed it and
gave as his reason that he preferred
a law that would extend the draft
ages. Congress paid no attention
to the suggestion and then passed
the Smith -Connally bill over his veto.
But the administration, which is
busy indicting banks and corpora
tions on technicalities connected
with various statutes that are by no
means as plainly written as the
Smith-Connally law. is apparently
unwilling to enforce the existing
statutes against labor unions. Its
reasons may or may not be those of
political expediency. but the head of
the Department of Justice in pub
lie address not so many months ago
stated that the New Deal must go
on and that the basis of the New
Deal was an alliance with labor. In
a politically minded administration,
enforcement of the law is not likely
to be even-handed or balanced.
Congress will come to realize that
the President, in proposing uni
versal service law, leaves it up to
the legislators to furnish an alterna-
tive if they don't like his recon-
mendation. That means there will
be antistrike bills put in for con-
sideration. The soldier vote over
seas is more concerned with anti
strike measures than anything else.
It will be interesting to see whether
Mr.. Roosevelt will veto any strike
prevention or strike Limitation bills
that are sent to him by Congress
this year.
The first of these has been pro-
posed by Representative Howard
Smith of Virginia. Democrat. Un-
like all previous measures, this does
not include any criminal penalties
nor anything that can be construed
as compulsory work. 1t does not
seek to penalize individuals, but
points directly to labor union lead
ers who, under the guise of "un-
authorized" strikes or work stop
pages of any kind, manage in war
time to violate the no-strike pledges
The Smith bill would withdraw the
privileges OF collective bargaining
from any union which violates the
no-strike rule The bill says in part
I'm event of any strike, showdown
concerted stoppage of work by the
members of local union that is or
has been designated as the collective
bargaining agent of the workers in
any plant, mine, facility, transpor-
tation system or enterprise
then such local union shall forth
with cease to be entitled to the
status of a representative or labor
organization under the National
Labor Relations Act and the status
of a person participating in or in
terested in any labor dispute for the
purposes of section of the act OF
March %, 1882"
Evening star., 1944-01-15


quired of his own
polite al col
leagues ahead of
time he would
have discovered
that to be true.
Then why did
t he President
make the pro-
posal? 1t is be-
ing recalled that
Mr.. Roosevelt is
opposed to anti
strike legislation
and yet feels he
must have some
answer to the
growing indig-
Evening star., 1944-01-15
Smithsonian Answers
1900 Varied Queries
In Aiding War Effort

A total of 1,500 technical question:
reaching into virtually every field Of
science from aeronautics to zoology
have been answered by the staff o.
the Smithsonian Institution for the
Army, Navy and war agencies since
the attack on Pearl Harbor, Secre-
tary Charles G.. Abbot reported al
the annual meeting of the institu-
tion's Board of Regents yesterday.
Dr. Abbot pointed out that much
of the normal work of the institu-
ton in research, exploration anC
publication has been suspended fol
the duration of the war so that il
might be free to aid in the prosecu-
ton of the war to the limit of its
capabilities.
Numerous wartime research prof.
ects of a confidential nature have
occupied the scientific staff of the
institution, Dr. Abbot reported.
Handbooks Published.
Promotion of cultural relations
with other American republics has
been expanded, he said, and a new
series of publications, Smithsonian
War Background Studies" has beer
made available in the form OF
authentic handbooks on the peoples
geography and history of little
known areas involved in the war
particularly in the Pacific region.
Chief Justice Harlan F. Stone and
Vice President Henry A. Wallace
were among regents attending the
session. Others included Repre-
sentatives Cannon, Democrat, OF
Missouri; Stearns, Republican, OF
New Hampshire, and Cox, Demo-
crat, of Georgia, and Frederic A
Delano, Harvey N. Davis, Arthur H
Compton, Vannevar Bush and Fred
eric G. Walcott, citizen members.
In Its expansion of relations with
other American republics, the insti-
tuition has almost completed a
Handbook Of the Indians of South
America" to be published soon
Scientists in the other American
republics represent so per cent of
the contributors to the handbook
which is under the direction of DR..
Julian H. Steward of the Bureau
of American Ethnology.
Museum Work Goes On.
The addition of 230, 900 new speci-
mems to the National Museum de-
spite wartime conditions was re-
ported by DR.. Abbot, who said cata-
logue entries now total 17,808,471.
The year 1943 shows drop in
the number of museum visitors
from 100000 in 1912 to 1855, ,269.
Counts showed that service men and
women made up Is to IS per cent
OF the years visitors.
The National Gallery of Art had
1,508,08l visitors during the year,
OF which Is per cent were men
and women in uniform. DR.. Abbot
pointed out that the gallery added
= collection Of paintings from Ches-
ter Dale, the famous Widener collec-
tion and the Rosenwald collection
Of 5000 prints.
Evening star., 1944-01-15
BY FREDERIC ]. HASKIN.

@. Please explain how the Presi-
dent could veto a bill when he was
outside the United States at the
times. C.
A. During the Presidents trip to
the Cairo-Teheran conferences, leg
islation requiring his signature or
veto was carried to him by plane.
@, How does the public debt COM
pare with the amount of money
collected in taxes?-M. G. l..
A. On December Is, l943, the
gross public debt of the United
States amounted to $165, ,765, 1885,
82750. 1t is estimated that $32, 1872
100000 was collected by Federal.
State, county and municipal taxes
during the fiscal year 1943.
@. Are there any living descend
ants of the prophet Mohammed?-
E. L. H.
A. The Aga Khan of India is a
direct descendant. One of the rich
est men of the world he is pre-
sented on certain occasions with
his actual weight in gold by loyal
followers.
@. What two towns in Mississippi
were married?-P. A. D.
A. The adjacent towns of Pitts
burg and Tullahoma. To settle a
hot dispute over names a clergy
man married the towns represented
by young man and woman, at a
barbecue on July 4, 1886. There
after they became the town of
Grenada
@. How much salary did the dog
Lassie receive while playing in the
movie ''Lassie Come Homer
L. R. D.
A. His salary was $3.50 a week.
Lassie is male dog which formerly
was named Pal.
@. What is the permanent rank
of Gen. Eisenhower?-A. F. F.
A. His permanent rank is that
of major general.
@. How many countries did Wen
dell Willkie visit on his trip around
the world?-D. I. w.
A. He visited 13 countries.
@. Why is the signer of the Dec
laration of Independence always re-
ferred to as Charles Carroll of Car
rollton?-E. j. F.
A. AS Charles Carroll signed his
name some one said: There are
many Charles CAROLS and the Brit
ish will not know which one it Is"
Carroll at once added to his name
''of Carrollton" and was ever after
ward known by that title.
@. What eclipses of the sun and
moon will occur in 1944?-L. w. H.
A. A total eclipse of the sun,
visible as partial eclipse in ex-
treme Southeastern United States
will occur in January 25 On July
20 there will be an annular eclipse
of the sun. There will be no eclipse
of the moon until next year.
i @. What is the smallest mammal
in America?-M. w.
A. Winnemana pigmy shrew. A
specimen from North Carolina
weighed less than a 10-cent piece,
its total length only about inches
including the tail Pigmy shrews
are rare in collections and their
habits are little known.
Evening star., 1944-01-15
Camera Stroll Scheduled d

The National Capital Park Serv-
ice will sponsor a camera stroll in
Lafayette Park and vicinity at 2
pm. tomorrow. Camera fans are
invited to meet at the jackson
Statue In the center Of the park.
Evening star., 1944-01-15
| |Huskin's
Answers to
Questions

A reader can get the answer to any
question of fact by writing The Eve
ming Star Information Bureau. Frederic
j.. Haskin, Director, Washington. D. C.
Please inclose stamp for return postage.
Evening star., 1944-01-15
BY DAVID LAWRENCE

lation has no chance of passage.
Certainly if the President had IN
Evening star., 1944-01-15

G. What is the permanent rank
of Gen. Eisenhower?-A. F. F.
A. His permanent rank is that
of major general.
Evening star., 1944-01-15

@. How much salary did the dog
Lassie receive while playing in the
movie "Lassie Come Homer
L. r. D.
A. His salary was $3.50 a week.
Lassie is male dog which formerly
was named Pal.
Evening star., 1944-01-15

@. How many countries did Wen
dell Willkie visit on his trip around
the world?-D. I. w.
A. He visited l3 countries.
Evening star., 1944-03-08
Liberty Ship Probers
Call Three Builders
BY the ASSociatAd Press

BY the Associated Press.
Reopening its inquiry into the
cracking Of a number of Liberty
ships, the Truman Committee to-
day called in officials of three
Southern shipyards for a public
hearing.
Chairman Truman said that Gin
formation and advice would be
sought from responsible officials of
every shipyard in the country be-
fore the investigation is concluded.
Liberty ships have played a big
part in the winning of the war;"
the Missouri Senator added, "and
we are trying to determine why
cracks have developed in the hulls
of a number of them recently"
Officials of the Delta Shipyards
Co., Inc, New Orleans; the Houston
Shipbuilding Corp, Houston, Tex,
and the North Carolina Shipbuild-
ing Co., Wilmington, were asked to
testify. The Delta firm is reported
to have developed a strengthening
process for Liberty ships to protect
them in rough waters.
Evening star., 1944-03-08
$4,000 Spent in '43
For PARALYSIS Care

More than $4,000 was spent last
year by the District Chapter Of the
National Foundation for Infantile
Paralysis, Inc, for relief and cure of
paralysis victims, Miss Sarah E..
Wilson, executive secretary Of the
District chapter, announced today.
The money went for hospitaliza-
ton and special nursing and treat
ment of paralysis victims, school
transportation and camp tuition for
afflicted children and special shoes,
braces and other equipment needed
by many of the patients.
In the annual election held Mon
day in the District Building, Judge
Fay L. Bentley of Juvenile Court
was reelected chairman; Ford E.
Young, vice chairman; Robert v.
Fleming, treasurer; I. j. Roberts, as
sistant treasurer; 1t. Col. A. w.
Crossley, secretary, and Miss Will
son, executive secretary.
Carter T. Barron, Augustus E.
Giegengack, Albert w. Howard and
DR.. Edward Larkin were renamed
to serve on the Executive Com
mittee.
Evening star., 1944-03-08
1t. Walter 6. Euwer
Is Listed as Killed

Word that her son, Second 1t.
Walter c. Euwer, %, pilot of Flying
Fortress, has been killed in action
has been received from the War De-
partment by Mrs. Walter C. Euwer,
Upper Marlboro, Md, 1t was learned
today. Mrs. Euwer is an employe of
the Prince Georges County Board
of Education.
Mrs. EuWer recently received the
Air Medal with three Oak Leaf
Clusters and the Distinguished Fly
ing Cross on behalf of her son, who
was reported missing over Germany
last September.
Evening star., 1944-03-08

iected, it was understood, was Vice
Chairman j. A. krug, in charge OF
production programs, chairman OF
the powerful WPB Requirements
Committee and director Of the Of
flee of War Utilities
Another is E. A. Locke. assistant
to Chairman Donald M. Nelson and
accounted one of the most inf1uen-
tual of WPB policy officials.
The 245 names submitted by WPB
from among its 1900 employees were
culled out of group of TOO whose
deferment had been proposed by
bureau and division heads.
we thought that 245 was the abb
solute rock bottom" one WPB off,
cial said. "WPB has always been
one of the toughest agencies in
Washington in requesting defer
ments for its employees.
The decision Of the Review Com
mittee to grant only seven defer
ments will very seriously threaten
the stability Of the agency"
An appeal is being taken to the
War Manpower Commissions spe-
cial Deferment Review Committee,
set up to pass on deferments for
Government employees.
Evening star., 1944-03-08
Military Chiefs Meet
with 200 Executives
For Appraisal Of War

More than 200 leading industrial
and advertising executives and
newspapermen met here today with
military and var agency chiefs for
an off-the-record appraisal of the
war situation and the outlook for
civilian goods production.
The executives will be received by
President Roosevelt at 4:3O pm. for
an off -the-record discussion, Presi-
Dental Secretary Stephen Early
announced.
This conference will be along lines
of those the President has held
previously with the Nations pub
fishers.
The Office of War Information
and the War Advertising Council
arranged the sessions so that those
who guide the country's business
may obtain military production in
formation which will be important
in determining their advertising and
public international policies in the
future"
t1IhOlu 10 Spedk lOnISnt.
One purpose of the meeting, 1t
was said, is to counteract home
front complacency over the out
come of the war which has been
manifest in a recent "deluge" of
postwar advertising.
The morning session was held at
the Pentagon, where the speakers
included Undersecretary of War
Patterson and Undersecretary of
Navy Forrestal. This afternoon the
executives will gather at the Statler
Hotel to hear Chairman Donald M.
Nelson of the War Production Board
and Charles E. Wilson, WPB ex-
ecutive vice chairman. Gen. H. H
Arnold, chief of the Army Air
Forces, will be the principal speaker
at dinner tonight.
Optimism Held Unwarranted.
The theme of the sessions is that
predictions of an early ending of the
war are unWarranted. Executives
of the radio, industry, newspapers
and other media are included in the
group. Harold B. Thomas, acting
chairman of the War Advertising
Council, Is cosponsor of the meet
ing.
Gen. Arnold and the other mill
tary officials will inform the group
of the actual combat job ahead OF
our armed forces. The war produc-
ton picture will be outlined by the
WPB heads.
Evening star., 1944-03-08
; D. {. Officers Among 10
Decorated by Hewitt
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
ALLIED HEADQUARTERS, AL
giers, Mar 8.-Three Washington
officers were among 13 naval officers
receiving awards for meritorious
conduct in action in the Mediter-
ranean theater, it was announced
today.
They were Capt. Robert A. Eng
lish, Capt. Francis w. Old and 1t.
Comdr. Charles G. Duffy.
1t. Comdr. Douglas Fairbanks, jr.,
former film star, was among the
group cited by Vice Admiral H. K.
Hewitt, commander of United States
naval forces in the Northwest At
rican area. Comdr. Fairbanks re-
ceived the Silver Star for his work
during the Salerno landing.
Capt. English received two Gold
Stars in lieu Of second and third
Legion of Merit Medals and Capt.
Old received a medal for their part
In the Salerno invasion. Comdr.
Duffy received the Purple Heart.
Comdr. Duffy was night managing
editor Of the Washington Times
Herald before he entered active
service In May, 1912.
Evening star., 1944-03-08
Science Lecture Opens
9. W. U. Series Toniqht

Watson Davis, director of Science
Service, will deliver a lecture on
Science Shapes the Postwar World"
at BIS o'clock tonight in the Hall
of Government, George Washington
University, Twenty first and G
streets NV.
The lecture, free to the public,
is the first of a series of seven
sponsored by the university's Alumni
Association. A question-and-answer
period will follow each lecture.
Evening star., 1944-03-08
District Red Cross Aide Joins
Marines in New Britain Blow

fThe tollotOing story ,Das ,orit-
ten by Sta1 Sergt. Jeremiah A.
OLedry, 1922 Quincy street NE,
Washington, a Marine Corps
combat correspondent and former
reporter for The STAR
CAPE GLOUCESTER, New Brit
ain Delayed When the marines
invaded New Britain the day after
Christmas, the American Red Cross
landed with them.
Helmeted, but weaponless, dressed
like the marine assault troops,
Philip r. Layton, 2O07 r street NV,
Washington, a Red Cross field rep
resentative, landed in the second
wave.
Mr.. Layton had asked an oficer
for permission to 60 along on the
blitz.
Sure" the officer replied, if
you're crazy enough to want to
come, III take you along"
just before dark on the day of
landing, Mr.. Layton was seen by
eiAC OolOAACA "a ILlC COlll~
bat team he had accompanied.
What are doing here?" the
colonel roared.
1t was good question, Jap snip
ers were all around and the marines
had plunged into the jungle to meet
stubborn enemy resistance.
Il came along to see If could
help out" Mr.. Layton said.
"All right, then" the colonel said,
you can stay, but don't 60 getting
yourself shot while you're with my
outfit"
ARC Forever Popular Now.
The Red Cross man remained with
the marines throughout the cam
paign and his efforts have assured
ARC popularity with the marines
forever. When cigarettes and toilet
articles gave out, Mr.. Layton pro-
vided them to the men in the front
lines from the supplies he brought
in with him. He brought candy,
cake. soap, towels, socks, tooth
brushes. and scores of other little
things which became nonexistent
here while the fighting was at its
peak.
The colonel, after Japanese re-
sistance ended, said:
Il don't know what we'd have
done without the Red Gross"
The enlisted mems appreciation
was expressed mostly with remarks
about how they would never again
mind contributing their dimes to
the Red Cross
To the wounded men who were
brought down to the evacuation
point on the beach, Mr.. Layton was
lifesaver. Hundreds Of wounded
and sick were placed aboard out
going transports Just the way they
Evening star., 1944-03-08

had been carried out of the lines;
they had nothing but the muddy
ragged clothes on their backs. To
each wounded man Mr.. Layton gave
a Red Cross comfort kit containing
shaving gear, soap and other little
accessories.
Each Man Received Yulc Gift.
The men who came out of the
battle unhurt hardly noticed the
fact that their Christmas had been
a nervous, taut day in~December
aboard transports. When his regi-
ment was relieved from the front
lines "a days after landing, Mr.
Layton presented to each man q
Red Cross Christmas package; each
box contained a healthy piece OF
fruit cake, some candy, game and
q present.
Mr.. Layton, a native of Fort
Morgan, Colo, has been q resident
Of the District since 1885. He holds
three degrees from George Wash
ington University, where he was q
member of Kappa Sigma Fraternity,
and is graduate of the Harvard
business school. He practiced law
in Denver, then became a teacher,
He was an economics instructor at
Duke University and was q member
Of the faculty of the University OF
Maryland for three years.
At the time he volunteered for
service with the Red Cross, Mr.. Lay
ton was an attorney with the Fed
eral Trade Commission For a short
time he had been employed in the
enforcement section of the OPA. He
was chosen for overseas service with
the ARC in March, 1943, and has
been with the marines for lC
months.
His mother, Mrs Elsie Layton
lives at Fort Morgan.
Evening star., 1944-03-08
Red Cross
Continued From First Page.)

L -
Mirabitto recounted Red Cross ac-
tivities at base hospitals, near the
front lines, in recreation camps, and
asked home-front support of the
greatest mother on earth"
Honor guests at tomorrow's rally
in the United States Chamber of
Commerce Building at 1890 pm.
will be Miss Mabel Boardman, ma
tional secretary of the American Red
Cross, and Engineer Commissioner
Kutz. The speaker will be Dow
Sweeney, who served as a Red Cross
field director in the North African
campaign.
Wilmer ]. Waller, special gifts
chairman, who presided at yester-
days luncheon report meeting in the
Chamber of Commerce, urged work.
ers to exhaust prospect lists as
quickly as possible. He said some
committees are tagging either in
making calls or in not reporting
results.
Money Not Wasted.
George Grenholm, supervisor of
Red Cross clubs In the Far East,
who has returned home to conduct
training class at American Uni
versity for Red Cross personnel, said
the Red Cross program abroad is
so extensive, with needs increasing,
that 1T cannot be operated by
wishful thinking" He assured his
audience that money is not being
wasted" by the Red Cross overseas.
Answering criticism heard in this
country that the Red Cross makes
q charge for some of its services
overseas, Mr.. Grenholm asserted
that the charges, in every instance,
are made at the request of COM
nnanding officers. Meals costing
civilians 81 abroad are served to
servicemen for Is cents each, he de-
clared. Sometimes we established
a rate Of 81 a day for room and
board, service normally costing Sc
to 81 overseas" he EMPHASIZED.
Emanual Avayanos, owner of the
Excellent Food Shop, 2147 Pennsyl-
vania avenue NV, announced he
will donate to the District Red Gross
the entire gross receipts of his busi-
ness Saturday.
Mr.. Avayanos said the Red Cross
War Fund would be greatly increased
ii "all neighborhood owners and
tradesmen join in similar move
ments."
Mrs. George Angus Garrett, chair
man Of Volunteer Special Services
of the District Red Cross, was sched-
uled to address group of Navy
workers in the Navy Department at
3 pm. today.
Mrs. Garrett spoke to the Spring
Valley production unit of the Red
Cross yesterday after being the
luncheon guest OF Mrs Francis
Sayre. Mrs. Harold r. Stark, wife of
Admiral Stark, Is chairman of the
Spring Valley unit.
Evening star., 1944-03-08
Moghon Trial Storts
Before Bourd Fridoy

A civilian trial board named by
the Co toner's to try suspended
Policen )bert j. Maghan. ir..
was swL IN yesterday and will
begin the case at 10 am. Friday
at the new Municipal Center.
Those taking the oath were Paul
B. Cromelin, jr, chairman, and
Henry I, Quinn, both former presi-
dents OF the local Bar Association
and Fred A. Smith. former president
OF the Board of Trade.