davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1944-10-23
Readers Clearing House

and training were discussed: lay
cites were demonstrated, good and
bad points Of various garments
were pointed out. Even the baby's
bath was demonstrated, and we were
all given the opportunity Of bath
| ing a life-size doll--even to wash
ing, oiling, diapering and dressing
| it. An especially interesting lesson
was on the Importance OF proper
food and its relation to the mother
and baby.
We enjoyed exchanging our own
experiences among ourselves, and
when we parted it was with the
hope that the diplomas we received
will serve as a reminder of all the
important things we learned.
If you are interested-and you
certainly should be If you are ex-
pecting an addition to the family
telephone Miss Brong, National
5000, extension 2143, between $3.50
am. and IL noon.
P. SIT was whispered that II
enough expectant fathers showed an
interest, classes would be held for
them, too. My husband is hoping
there will be a large enough group
so he can enjoy and learn as much
as did.
SPOT ON WALLPAPER;
BEGONIA PLANT.
(Thanks to Mrs. T. L. J,
.Siluer SPRING.
enjoy your Clearing House"
every evening and tonight there are
two questions I feel I can answer.
Mrs. j. E. v. wants to know how to
remove a grease spot on delicate
wallpaper Today I was very sue
cessful with carbon tetrachloride
Rub lightly with a circular motion
and in a few minutes 1t will be gone
and no harm done to paper. Mine
were two rather large spots that had
been on a long while.
Mrs. H. j. S. will find her begonia,
that drops its leaves and that she
keeps in a saucer of water, doesn't
like so much water.
QUERIES?
requested by Mrs. D. D. r,
Arlington.)
I'm hoping that some one can
help me with these problems:
l. When starching collar and, cuffs
on mems shirts very stiff, how can
you achieve that smooth profess
sional finish? How is the starch
made and how can you do away with
the blotched appearance left after
ironing heavily starched collar
and cuff?
2. Can some one suggest simple
way of sewing baby blankets to-
gether into regular-size blanket?
Can this be done by hand or Is a
sewing machine necessary?
8. How do you iron rayon table
cloths and napkins SO that they do
not look like limp rags? There seems
to be no body at all left in the ma
terial after even one washing.
Thank you in advance for any
help the readers may give me,
The Southern Jewish weekly. [volume] (Jacksonville, Fla.) 1939-1992, 1944-12-01
Cong. Committee
Predicts Postwar
Racial Riots

WASHINGTON, (JTA) - The
House Labor Committee, in a re-
port supporting the establishment
of a permanent Fair Employment
Practices Commission, this week
predicted the possibility of post
war race riots in the United Stat
es unless we safeguard the rights
of minorities.""
"The four largest minoritieS
who suffer from job discrimina-
ton practices are our 100000
Negroes, our 100000 Jews, our
100000 Americans of Mexican
or Spanish origin and our $780,
600 foreign-born citizens" the re-
port asserted.
The Southern Jewish weekly. [volume] (Jacksonville, Fla.) 1939-1992, 1944-12-01
Jewish G. is Light
Chanukah Candles
On German Soil

Paris, (JPS) = Jews serving
with the American Army cele-
brated Chanukah by lighting
candles on German soil under AL
lied occupation, it was reported
here. Jewish chaplains, securing
Britain and France, and falling
back on imports from other coun-
tries, provided each unit with
candles, and officers of all faiths
were present at candle lighting in
Allied : occupied cities and in
well-covered pill boxes through
out the German Allied front.
The similarity between the ideals
fought for by the Maccabees and
by the present-day Allied forces
was stressed.
The Southern Jewish weekly. [volume] (Jacksonville, Fla.) 1939-1992, 1944-12-01
Children Included in
Nazi Sterilization
Of Greek Jews
BY d. GUTMAN
Independent Jewish Press
Service Overseas Staff

Service Overseas Staff
Cairo (JPS) - Thousands of
Greek Jews, including women and
children from the age Of ten, were
sterilized by the Germans be-
fore the ReichsweIlr and Gestapo
authorities agreed on deporting
them to labor and death camps in
Eastern Europe, the Independent
Jewish Press Service learns from
unimpeachable sources.
The sterilization was under the
supervision of Professor Conrad
Eichenlaub, Berlin scientist and
head of the Sterilization Depart
ment of the Occupational Admin
istration in Greece. Professor
Eichenlaub explained publicly
that the sterilization was with
scientific purposes in mind" The
operations were performed with
sadistic brutality, the evidence in
dictates. An official Greek in
vestigating commission is as
sembling all available data on
these atrocities.
The Southern Jewish weekly. [volume] (Jacksonville, Fla.) 1939-1992, 1944-12-01
British Press Tributes
Sidney Hill1nan

London J(PS) - The British
press paid a warm tribute to Sid
ney Hillman, chief of the Political
Action Committee of the CLIO, on
his arrival here. Describing him
as ian honest and loyal propo-
nent of International co-opera-
tion," the press stressed his
phenomenal rise from Talmudic
scholar to a leader of American
Labor"
The Southern Jewish weekly. [volume] (Jacksonville, Fla.) 1939-1992, 1944-12-01

ChaplainS Louis Werfe Topper
all of whom in service have paid
fight for freedom will be hOnOred Sabbath
Hanukah in temple and pupiS throughout
the occasion of Chaplain
recently pOSthumOuSy awarded the Distinguished
highest decoration for vaOr The rabbinae
of America $50 rabbS
tomorrow will tribute to their
Sabbath sponsored by CANRA the Committee
Religious Activities of the National Welfare
The Southern Jewish weekly. [volume] (Jacksonville, Fla.) 1939-1992, 1944-12-01
VISCOUNT SAMUEL HEADS
LIBERAL LORDS

London (JPS) - Viscount Her
bert Samuel has been elected
leader of the Liberal Party in the
House of Lords.
Evening star., 1944-06-18

to China, which lost them to Japan in
the war of 1895.
4. Japan's legally acquired" outly-
ing possessions-which are few indeed.
They include the Bonin Islands, ex-
tending southwark from Japan toward
the Mariana mandate and which Japan
used as penal colony in the 18th
century but never bothered to claim
formally until 1876.
Also tiny, isolated Marcus Island,
three-fourths of the way from Toxic
to Wake Island and which Japan oc-
cupied in 1899 after the United States
got Guam and the Philippines from
Spain.
And the Kuriies, running north
ward from Japan to Kamchatka For
long time Japan held all but three
of the most northerly Of these islands.
Then in a deal with Imperial Russia
in 1875 Japan traded the northern
land then worthless) half OF Sakhalin
to Russia for Paramushiro, Shumushu
and Araito-to complete a Jap chain
across the eastern side of the Sea Of
Okhotsk
What happens after the war to these
exceptional legal possessions of Japan
depends entirely upon who write the
peace and how they write It,
distributed b. Assoeiated Press)
Evening star., 1944-06-18
WHO SHALL POSSESS ISLANDS PROBLEM PEACE FARLEY

in which she wrested the islands from
the Germans
The mandate was trusteeShip to be
handled In the role of protector, not
exploiter or conqueror 1t implied the
liberal control of guardian over an
orphan.
The Germans had bought the Caro-
lines and the Marianas from Spain in
1899, and had laid claim to the Marshalls
despite Australian opposition--in 1885.
The peace conference is unlikely to
recognize any japanese calims to these
islands because Japan violated the man
date when she closed them to the rest of
the world and used them as bases for
aggression.
It's a safe guess that United States
forces will be in occupation of most, if
not all, of them when this war ends.
Public American thinking hasn't jelled
yet as to what we should do with them.
One line of thought is to retain them
for naval and air bases to guard against
repetition of what happened in 1912
loss of the Philippines, for instance,
because we had no adequate chain of
bases through which to reinforce them.
It's a safe guess that considerable
American naval thinking will favor a
strong postwar base In the Marianas,
Evening star., 1944-06-18

Guadalcanal and Tarawa though
American troops recaptured them-be-
cause these places were under mandate
to Britain.
Also to be considered as border-line
cases are Thailand (Siam and French
Indo-China. Thailand, japanese ally,
may produce Badoglio at an auspicious
moment. French Indo-China, giving
Vichy cooperation to Japan, is being
eyed by the Free French.
2. Japan's conquests between World
Wars I and II, including Manchuria,
Inner Mongolia, occupied China and the
barren Spratley Islands (betWeen Indo-
China and Borneo), which France
claimed before the Japs took them In
1889
The Cairo conference decreed that
such fruits of aggression should revert
to their original owners. Thus Man.
churia and Mongolia and occupied
China will go back to China, while the
Spratleys presumably will return to
France.
3. Conquest before World War I,
including Korea, Formosa, the Loochoo
Islands and the Pescadores. Korea is to
regain It's independence. according to
the Cairo decisions, while Formosa the
Loochoos and the Pescadores will revert
Evening star., 1944-06-18

possibly part of chain of bases linking
the Philippines to Pearl Harbor via the
Carolines, Marshalls and Wake Island.
However, the United States Is COM
mitted to no territorial aggrandizement
There are several unofficial suggestions
how to get around this, but all hinge
on what arrangements the peace con-
ference makes for international control
of territory whose ownership Is not
clear.
The United States also is committed
to giving the Philippines complete in
dependence, but that may not end
American feeling of responsibility for
protecting the island commonwealth.
There are four other classes of ter
ritory which are being or will be won
back from the Japanese. In most cases
disposition will be fairly clear, it seems
now.
These classes are:
/. Japans conquests in World War II
including Burma Malaga. the Dutch
East Indies, the Philippines and cap
tured British and Australian mandates.
There Is nothing to date to contradict
the assumption that these territories
will revert to their prewar owners at
least temporarily.
Thus, British residency flags fly over
Evening star., 1944-06-18
Bv James d. White.

When the marines hoisted the Stars
and Stripes over the Marshall Islands,
they also raised a question of policy
which may take some American SOUL
searching.
The Marshalls were japanese territory
the first we have taken.
How long and under what circum-
stances will the American flag fly there?
The question likely won't be decided
until American policy is geared in with
a general peace settlement. In the
meantime, such captured japanese ter
ritory is under American military
government.
The history of the Marshalls may bear
on their disposal. Other Pacific islands
which had been inundated to Japan,
such as the Marianas and the Carolines,
fall into the same class
There are hundreds of these islands.
But they don't mean much in land area.
The Carolines are spread out over a
distance equal to that between Chicago
and Spokane, but they have less land
area than Rhode Island.
Japan got League OF Nations man
date, you'll remember, to q cofin-shaped
segment Of the Pacific after World War
Evening star., 1944-06-18

jobs in three years, or more than one
fourth of the present staff.
So HORNED has set researchers to
dreaming up new ideae to employ that
1855. There are 80 projects going
through tests.
The Pillsbury Flour Co., Minneapolis,
is taking back all of its servicemen.
Pillsbury doesn't say whether 1t can also
keep on its whole wartime staff.
Two great corporations report opti-
mistically: Baldwin Locomotive says
Europe will need 10000 locomotives to
repair her railroads. But Baldwin skips
over what Europe will use for money.
However, the projected United Nations
bank may solve the problem.
Westinghouse is looking to the Amer
ican market. It's survey says the use
of electric washers will rise 484 per cent
the first postwar year and 1,100 per
cent in five years. Other surveys bear
them out.
San Diego thinks it's going to have
10000 unemployed. 1t looks to new
projects to take up some of the people,
the most ambitious idea being to turn
the harbor into world port. But even
so it would scarcely employ 10000.
Philadelphia had jolt when its COM
mittee found there would be 100000 un-
necessary workers in "194x" The Phil
adelphia report records that production
of civilian goods has not fallen of as
much as expected. So those possible
jobs don't exist.
CED still has no national approx
imation. 1t has no plan whereby un-
employed could be shifted from San
Diego, for instance, to cities with jobs
open, There is no plan to prevent one
American industry from cutting the
throat of another American industry;
for example, the battle for markets that
will take place between steel, aluminium
and magnesium.
There is as yet no attempt to relate
American production to world markets.
The what" of tomorrow's needs, how
ever, is being gathered, in the hope that,
when enough is known, how" can be
developed.
Distributed by Associated Pressl
Evening star., 1944-06-18
G O P Nomination
Expected Quickly

If the Republican National Conven-
tion at Chicago follows the usual COP
pattern, the selection Of presidential
candidate will be a brief and generally
harmonious piece of business.
In only five Republican conventions
has it taken more than i've ballots TO
get presidential nominee. At four of
those conventions the winners were
dark horses-Hayes in 1876. Garfield in
1880, Harrison in 1888 and Harding in
1920. Wendell Willkie won on the sixth
ballot in 1910.
Despite the bitter Theodore Roose-
velt-Taft battle, Taft went over on the
first ballot in 1912. Although 344 Roose-
welt delegates abstained from voting as
protest against the Old Guards alleged
theft Of delegates seats, Taft would have
had majority even If all of the ac-
credited Roosevelt delegates had cast
ballots.
Roosevelt followers bolted, held
separate convention in a nearby hall
that evening and nominated the Rough
Rider for the presidency. The squabble
Republicans split the party ranks wide
open and paved the way to easy victory
for the Democratic candidate, Woodrow
Wilson.
Ever since that fight, party leaders
have been careful to guard against a
similar rift. With COP victory pros
poets now regarded as the best in Is
years, influential Republicans won't
want prolonged nomination contest
which might disrupt party unity. Any
thing can happen at national con-
vention, but the desire for harmony
presages a comparatively short ballot
ing session.
Herbert Hoover breezed to victory on
the first ballot at Kansas city in 1928
and was renominated by acclamation in
1882. Although Republican followers
of La Toilette revolted, Coolidge was
nominated on the first ballot in 1924
without saying a word. ALI Landon
was chosen on the first vote in 1885, not
a single other name being placed in
nomination.
1t took only one ballot to renominate
Lincoln in 1864. Missouri's % votes
were cast for Gen. Grant but were
quickly switched to make it unanimous.
Said Lincoln: II do not allow myself
to suppose the convention has decided
I am either the greatest or best man
In America. but rather has concluded
it is not best to swap horses while
crossing the river"
Distributed by the Associated Press)
Evening star., 1944-06-18

dent regrets that he has no time just
now to give to the preparation of polit-
ical statements. He is too busily en-
gagged with problems OF far greater ma
tional Importance"
AS convention time approached re-
porters became more insistent From
under barage of questions on July 8,
the President said curtly that when he
got ready to disclose his 1910 political
plans it would be at time and place of
his own choosing. Reporters persisted
at the July IL conference without get
ting information,S and at the July 16
meeting he refused to answer their
questions saying that he had sent a
message to Senator Barkley, then per-
manent chairman of the convention, at
Chicago. He advised reporters to listen
to the radio that night.
Released" His Delegates.
This was the "release" of the dele
gates pledged to him.
Addressing the convention, Barley
said:
THE President has never had, and
has not today, any desire or purpose to
continue In the office of President; to be
q candidate for that office, or to be
nominated for that Office
He wishes in all earnestness and
sincerity to make 1t clear that all of
the delegates to this convention are free
to vote for any candidate"
There was an immediate demonstra-
ton, with cries Of "We want Roose-
velt," which lasted So minutes. A pic
ture of the President was handed
Barkley, who waved it above the ros-
trum. evoking louder cheering. The
demonstration was obviously staged.
No spontaneous outburst can last al
most an hour
Roosevelt's agents at Chicago were his
close personal friends, Harry Hopkins
and James F. Byrnes, then Senator from
South Carolina Farley, Garner, Bank
head, Rayburn and McNutt lost their
fight. The President rubbed in his per-
sonal victory by insisting on the nomi-
nation of Secretary of Agriculture WAL
lace as Vice President, over the noisy
protests of the Southern delegations.
Just before the 1910 election the Pres
ident indicated-but did not say flatly-
that he would not seek another term
At Cleveland, on November l, he said
that after four years there would be
another President" And shortly after
the election, when the reporter who
asked the original dunce-cap question
inquired whether he would accept a
fourth term, the President, somewhat
irritated, suggested grade-school
course in the English language. That
ended press conference questions on the
subject for almost three years. When
the questions did crop up, the almost
invariable answer was Lets get on
with the war"
But the Democratic politicians, for
their own purposes, wanted to know his
intentions. On March 3, 1943, Demo-
cratic Chairman Frank c. Walker took
a group to the White House, who tried
to sound him out. They got no re-
sponse. The way this news leaked out
was interpreted as trial balloon" sent
up by Walker.
President Caught OFF Guard.
The President was really caught off
guard at press conference on De- e
tSee FOURTH-TERM. Page C-3D
Evening star., 1944-06-18

which appeared February %, 1887, and
in victory dinner, March 4, the same
year. According to Krock, he said:
when return to private life on jan
uary 90, 1941, do not want to leave the
country in the condition Buchanan left
it to Lincoln"
Ounce Cap" Incident.
To the Democratic celebrants a few
days later he announced that his great
ambition on January 20, 1941," was to
turn over his White House desk and
chair to successor, whoever he might
be, with assurance that he was also
turning over to him Nation that was
intact and prosperous. This passage
was applauded by the diners.
On June %, three and half months
later, however, he made his famous
Ounce cap" remark to reporter who
had the termerity to ask:
"Mr. President, would you tell us now
whether you would accept a nomina-
ton for third term"
Mr. Roosevelt first observed that the
weather was awfully hot, and then told
the reporter, for whom he has seemed
to have personal dislike, to put on his
Ounce cap, 60 back into the corner and
turn his back to the rest Of the boys. A
few minutes later another reporter,
whom the President was known to like,
asked the question in another form. He
told him to put on Ounce cap and join
the first reporter. After the conference
was over whef the two reporters passed
his desk, he pointed thumbs down in de-
rision. The whole episode had public
reaction unfavorable to the President.
There were several other minor at
tempts at press conferences to smoke
out the President but the memory of the
dunce-cap castigation frightened most
reporters.
In October, 1889, reporter pointed
out that Western conference of Pro-
gressives proposed by administration Of
ficials had been interpreted as move
for third term. He denied the alleged
purpose of the conference, saying that
the third-term Interpretation was some
body's invention.
Chided Reporters.
Yet few weeks later, he chided re-
porters for having fallen for hint he
had ad libbed into Jefferson Memo
rial speech that he might be in the
White House after January 20, 1941. He
said the way they bit on the trick was
funny as a crutch.
Given this lead the reporters con-
tinued to ask minor questions and at
press conference at Hyde Park on Feb
ruary 5, 1910, the President seemed ex-
tremely irritated. He served notice that
third-term questions were taboo saying
that he was tired of them. He observed
that you can drive a willing horse to
death, both the President and the press.
The Hyde Park conferences are small
gatherings of 10 to Is reporters and
there is usually an intimate air about
them, but this time Mr.. Roosevelt i'm
piled that the reporters were receiving
orders from their hostile home Offices to
embarrass him.
BY May, 1910, Republican politicians
were trying to smoke him out Gov.
Landon, after White House confer
ence. said that the President should
eliminate himself as third-term can
didate. To this Mr. Roosevelt issued
formal statement, saying: THE Presi-
Evening star., 1944-06-18

President Roosevelt's good-natured
evasions of fourth-term questions, in
sharp contrast to his ill-tempered re-
plies four and five years ago to third
term inquiries, reflects a change in tao
tics apparently based on greater conf
dence that another nomination will
come to him without the hokum of a
draft"
The Democratic political situation
this year Is far different from what it
was the same time in 1910 when there
were several active candidates such as
Postmaster General Farley, Vice Presi-
dent Garner, Paul v. McNutt and sew
eral hopefuls, such as Speaker Bank
head, House Majority Leader Rayburn
and Secretary of Commerce Jones. In
the background, the hope of Farley.
should his own candidacy fail, was
Secretary of State Hull. This year the
great majority of Democrats feel that
only Roosevelt can win the election and
opposition to his nomination is more
wordy than real.
Although his tactics have changed,
Mr.. Roosevelt's basic strategy probably
will remain the same He is not ex-
pected to announce that he will accept
another term or "free" the delegates al
ready pledged to him until after the
Democratic National Convention opens
in Chicago next month. He is a great
believer in following his own successful
political precedents, no matter how
small.
Planted Hint as Trap.
From now on there will be more than
the usual number of will -you-accept-
the nomination" questions in open and
disguised forms He wasn't caught off
guard four years ago and is not likely
to be caught this year. He has an in
tuitive feel for tricky questions. -Four
years ago he planted hint in one of his
own speeches to trap reporters and
laughed at them when they naturally
speculated on the point.
Mr.. Roosevelt has never divulged the
exact date when he decided to run for
third term. AS late as August, 1889,
he told this writer that after complet-
ing his second term he wanted to rest
for at least year at Hyde Park and
Warm Springs. Farley has told friends
that the President told him in the
spring of 1910 that he did not intend to
run again and even fixed a date when
he would make public announcement.
But at three hour Hyde Park con-
ference on July Z, week before the
convention, the President informed Far
ley that he intended to run again. In
the meantime, German armies had in
vaded the Low Countries and France
and were threatening the British Isles.
Roosevelt's friends say that he foresaw
American participation in the war and
felt that he was the only Democrat who
could win in November
Die-hard Republicans and other anti
Rooseveltians will never be convinced
that at any time has he sincerely in
tended voluntarily to leave the White
House. This correspondent has gone
through hundreds of newspaper clip
pings reporting his speeches and press
conferences. In no instance did he say
unequivocally that he would not &C
cept third or fourth term.
His most definite statements against
a third term were in an interview with
Arthur Krock of the New York Times,