The Waterbury Democrat., 1944-11-25


 that a new Court be set up by an entirely new international agree ment. In any event, it is proposed that the statute setting up the new Court be made a part of the Uni ted Nations charter, which will be drafted in final form at conferences of all the nations next year.
 When the old Court is revamped or the new one set up, it is proposed that all the nations adhering to the charter would automatically signify their adherence to the statutes of the Court. It is provided, however, that countries not members of the United Nations organization could by permission of the General AS- sembly - subscribe to the statute creating the International Court of Justice and they could use it for settlement of their disputes with other nations
 COURT COULD NOT
 CONTROL ASSEMBLY
 It is foreseen that members of the International Court of Justice would be elected by the General Assembly of the United Nations. Aside from that, however, it is not proposed that the General Assembly or the Security Council would have any control over the Court, or vice versa.
 Whether the Security Council would be obliged to enforce the de- cisions of the International Court of Justice is a matter still to be decided; also whether it would be the General Assembly which would be empowered to recommend to the nations notifications in the code of international law on which the Court would base it's decisions.
 All such questions of course pre- suppose that the United Nations or- ganizations is some kind of super government with distinct legislative and judicial functions. It very de- cidedly is not. The, experts who met at Dumbarton Oaks to draw up the proposals for United Nations charter steered very definitely away from any ideas of creating super government.
 The General Assembly may only recommend to the United Nations proposals for new international agreements. It is the individual na- tions themselves which will ratify such agreements.
 The Security Council may only recommend that certain nations in dispute take their troubles to the International Court of Justice. But there is and there can be no conn., pusion in the Courts activities. It is merely convenient international bar of justice, available for the peaceful means.
 LEAGUES WORLD COURT
 SETTLED 66 DISPUTES
 The World Court established in the framework of the League of Ma tions settled some 60 international dispuateS in this manner from the time it held it's first session at The Hague in 1922 until the outbreak of the war in Europe in 1899. The Uni ted States never became member of the League of Nations, nor did 1t ratify the statute of the World Court, but there was always an American judge on 1t.
 One of the most useful functions of the World Court was to give ad- visory opinions on any question or dispute referred to it by the League of Nations, and this duty would be carried over to the new Information al Court of Justice.
 The prospect is great that this ad- visory capacity of the Court would be still more widely used by the United Nations organization, be- cause of the much greater scope of its powers and activities. In the next article, consideration will be given to some of these added functions in the field of economic and social cooperation among the United Nations.