davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1944-11-20
Ohio Telephone Strike
Continues 10 Spread;
Picket Lines Set Up
26 Communities Hit;
Lone-Distonee Coils
Served Under Difficulty
BY the Associated Press.

COLUMBUS. Ohio. Nov. 90
The Ohio Federation of Tele-
phone Workers established picket
lines in populous Northern Ohio
cities today in a mushrooming
sympathy walkout of operators
which has extended to at least
26 communities.
The widespread action is SYM
pathy gesture in support of the fed
eration's striking Dayton local.
Harold Barber, Ohio Bell Tele-
Phone Co. vice president. declared,
however, that despite the strike
long distance service is being main
tanned, even for nonemergency calls,
"All calls are being processed but
because operator personnel is not
at full strength delays are possible, p"
Mr.. Barber said.
He reported a survey indicated rs
per cent of operator positions were
filled today in Northeastern Ohio,
with clerical employees taking over
"a very small percentage of the
operator posts.
WLB May Call Conference.
Ear: Culp. editor of the unafflli-
ated federations Official publication,
said operators were out in Cleve-
land, Youngstown and Akron. in
addition to other cities where strike
action previously was taken.
I'VE are informed that picket
lines are up in all cities where walk,
outs were voted" Mr.. Culp said. Il
have no reports as yet on the strikes
effect on Ohio Bell service"
Virtually all affected communities
have automatic local service.
At Washington, War Labor Board
sources indicated leaders of the Ohio
federation and Ohio Bell executives
might be asked to meet there in an
effort to restore operations to nor
NAL basis.
Essential Calls Handled.
The strike began last Friday in
Dayton where the union announced
the walkout was in protest against
payment of expenses averaging
S18.25 weekly, in addition to salary
for personnel brought in by the
company from out of town. Sym
pathy" strikes spread rapidly and
workers in the steel-making center
of Youngstown went out yesterday
The regional War Labor Board ir
Cleveland has submitted the case
to the national board for "appro-
pirate action"
The company broadcast appeals
by radio for subscribers to use
phones only i'm emergencies and
paid ads in metropolitan news
papers, signed by the company
president, Randolph Eide, read: 1--WE
appeal to our operators to comply
with the regional War Labor Boards
order and return to work at once"
! A statement issued last night by
the union president, r. G. Pollock
said:
There are 105 girls at the present
time who have been transferred
from throughout the State into the
Dayton exchange. These girls, many
of whom have been in Dayton for
two and a half years, have no more
(See PHONE STRIKE, Page Ala
Evening star., 1944-11-20
A. P. Is Too Powerful,
Chicago Sun Says
In High Court Brief
Charges Agency Creates
Privileged Gloss in
American journalism
BY the Associated Press.


The Chicago Sun described
the Associated Press to the Su-
preme Court today as "a news
gathering organization with an
actual and potential power that
cannot be equaled."
The paper contended that exclu-
sive privileges conferred upon mem
bers of the A. P. make them "a priv
ileged class in American journalism.
The Sun presented brief as a
friend of the court in connection
with the Governments civil anti
trust suit which seeks to change
membership bylaws of the A. P.
The paper said it sought men,
bership in the A. P. or access to its
facilities. After these were refused,
the Sun told the court, it filed a
complaint with the Attorney Gen
eral charging the A. P. violated the
antitrust laws.
Review Scheduled Next Month.
A special three-judge Federal
Court of the southern district OF
New York held the A. P. should be
restrained from observing bylaws
which permit members to consider
the competitive effect of an appli-
cation for membership. The court
held. however. that the nonproflt
news cooperative might restrict
admission on other grounds. The
Supreme Court is scheduled next
month to begin a review Of this
decision
The Sun, citing the A. P.'s news
gathering facilities and the CO.
operative activities of A. P. men,
bers, told the tribunal:
The combination of so great q
majority of the American news
pa pers pooling their individual anc
their collective news-gathering ia.
lcilities creates news-gatherins
organization with an actual ane
potential power that cannot b,
equaled. No other American new!
agency has or. while the exclusiv,
(See p SUIT Page A-141
Evening star., 1944-11-20
HimmIer Is Reported
Grooming No. z Nozi

BY the Associated Press.
LONDON, Nov. 20-Indications
filtered out of Germany today that
Heinrich Himmler is so busy taking
Hitler's place he has found it neces-
sary to bring up new No. 2 Nazi.
He is DR.. Ernst Kaltenbrunner,
who succeeded "Hangman" Reinhard
Heydrich as chief of the super-Ges-
tapo. For the first time, according
to a generally reliable source here,
Kaltenbrunner has just been ac-
corded selected battalion of super
Gestapo bodyguards-an honor pre-
viously enjoyed only by Hitler and
Himmler.
Evening star., 1944-11-20
u. S. Airbuse in Chino
Abandoned, Jups Soy

BY the Associated Press.
The Tokyo radio declared today
in a broadcast recorded by the FEC
that the United States Air Force
in China had destroyed and aban-
doned its landing strips at Manning
(Yungning) in Southwestern Kwang-
81 Province.
Evening star., 1944-11-20
Submarine Cutfish Launched

GROTON, Conn, Nov. 20.-The
Catfish, 22d submarine to be
launched here this year, slid down
the Electric Boat Co.'S ways yes
Iterday.
Evening star., 1944-11-20
Breakthrough on Southern Front
PAGES Allied Gains in All Areas
Yonks, British
Press Advances
In Cologne Plain
BULLETIN.

LONDON (PD.-The Paris
radio tonight said French
troops had reached Mulhouse.
Evening star., 1944-11-20

(See CABINET, Page A-14D
Evening star., 1944-11-20

(See WAR BONDS, Page A-14.)
Evening star., 1944-11-20

(See WESTERN FRONT, Pg. ALA
Evening star., 1944-11-20

1see CHUNGKING, Page A-14J
Evening star., 1944-11-20

7See PHONE STRIKE, Page Ala
Evening star., 1944-11-20
Weather Forecast

Rain today and tonight, low near 40.
Clear tomorrow.
Evening star., 1944-11-20

(See 7th DIVISION, Page AID
Evening star., 1944-11-20

Temperatures today-Highest, 49, at
am; lowest, 80, at am; 40 at 13o
pm. Yesterday-Highest, so, at $3.50
pm; lowest, 81, at 6 am.
Evening star., 1944-11-20

CHINESE REGAIN Burma road
town in SalWeen offensive.
Page Az
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-03-30
Coast Guard Auxiliary

The new duties to be performed by the Cape
Fear division Of the Coast Guard Auxiliary
will be even more interesting and helpful than
in the days when members were patroling
waters hereabouts in their own craft.
1t is explained that in the new setup the
Auxiliary will be assigned to duty on regular
Coast Guard vessels and have the benefit Of
supervision by regular Coast Guardsmen. The
training they will receive will be intensive
in every detail
Naturally the hundred members will be
pleased to avail themselves Of this new pro-
gram which will afford them greater oppor-
tunity for service in emergency. The unit
set such high mark Of efficiency under the
former regime it will strive to improve its
record under the new order.
Lieut.. Tom E. Murrell, who commands the
unit, urges all members to attend the organi-
rational supper at his fishing lodge near
SCOTS Hill on Friday evening. If We know
the spirit that prevails in the Auxiliary, moth
ing less than invalidism or other unavoidable
emergency will keep any member away.
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-03-30

Imen1any controlled and will at the same Time
arouse public opinion in support OF engaging
this nation in the oil business abroad.
mo better way Of setting the stage could
be found than the one that was used. Under
frozen price and with rapidly advancing
costs, the oil producers have been effectively
stynied: many have sold out and quit the
business. This is man-made shortage and
the process is still continuing.
1T would be a short step from government
ownership in the foreign field to government
engagement and domination Of our domestic
industry Once the bars are down for the gov
eminent to enter the business OF producing,
distributing and marketing petroleum IN COM
petition with our own nationals, either at nome
or abroad, then the entire field OF private
enterprise becomes legitimate prey for bu'
reaucracy''
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-03-30

MOSCOW ignore the possrbrr-, -
complete collapse of Hitler's D.,
garian Rumanian satellite a n1,'
now that the actual Russian i n.y.
sion of the Balkans has Stsr ..a
on a wide stretch of the prlI, 'e'
A more puzzling aspect q. >,
situation on the eastern fron+ aug
Berlin's insistence that anotb IS
heavy Russian attack has bn ,-s
in progress for many dsvs ~
Kowel, Polish rail and big5us a.
center at the southwest Sor ~@y
of the Pripet marshes and 2 6,
miles above the Lwow-Czernov+-;V.'
region. The Germans say the Nh W.
garrison of Kowel has been a.,
off and is being supplied bv ~ ss'
Kowel is an important station IL
the Warsaw-Odessa rail line .u VI
also lies on the Warsaw-Kiev r r~'
tor highway. 1t can not be do- -'V'
ed that the reported RUSSIA y.
fensive in that sector is distara,
from the present Russian t0b4;"
front to the south, nor that il mig
be the opening sortie Of by
Army spring drive on WARSAW wv "
at least against Brest-LitovsLE
main communicat ions baso "a
German troops still cNnginu ~ "
the upper Dnieper defense linz =. ~
Orsha and Mogilev.
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-03-30
.CIeveIand's Operation

The arrival of DR.. John F. Erdman's eight
eth birthday anniversary the other day
brought to light an operation on President
Cleveland Doctor Erdnan is among the rank
ing surgeons of the world, despite his age.
He is still the legendary figure at the New
York Post Graduate hospital. His average
used to be dozen operations a day. While
he has reduced the daily total he still performs
more than many another surgeon many years
younger.
Reporters hunted him up or more correctly
ran him down on his birthday, for he did
not take holiday but was as busy as on any
other day. They asked him to talk about his
career and he told them about the Cleveland
operation, at which he assisted Dr. Joseph
D Bryant, a famous surgeon in his time 1t
was secretly performed on small yacht IN a
secluded part of Long Island sound.
The Presidents condition had been dag
nosed as cancer of the jaw and palate. Doctor
BRYANT removed the entire upper left jaw.
dentist did the rest. 1t was not until fifteen
wears later that President Cleveland died from
an intestinal complication without recurrence
of the cancer.
Doctor Erdman was twenty-nine at the time,
and told reporters that he sat with the Presl-
dent until he came out of the anaesthetlc.
This is an episode in Cleveland's life that
few of his contemporaries knew anything
about.
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-03-30
Drive Not Ended

Because division chairmen were urged to
make their final report at o'clock yesterday
afternoon the false impression gained belief
that the Red Cross fund campaign may be
successfully concluded this week, but the dl-
rectors and staff are our authority for the
declaration that it wilt not be ended until the
goal has been reached and, hopefully, passed.
Wilmington and New Haonver county resi-
dents have been liberal as they always are
where the Red Cross is concerned. But many
have not been reached. 1t would be unfair
to them and harmful to the cause it they
were to be denied the opportunity to contrl'
butte through premature closing OF the drive
The campaign management gives assurance
that everybody will be given a chance tc
contribute. 1t is urged, however, that no one
delay his gift unnecessarily.
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-03-30
Flower Thieves Abroad

The Park Commission planted young azalea
plants along the path bordering the lake.
stretching for considerable distance from
the Fourth street entrance of Greenfield Park.
They were set out thckly with the purpose to
transplant every other one when they began
to crowd and so eventually have an azalea
hedge like those at AirLe. Nature has CO.
operated splendidly in the venture The little
plants have grown well and lowered as only
azaleas can. The time has just about arrived
TO thin them out and extend the borders of
the pathway.
But the plan apparently does not have the
approval OF unidentified persons who seem
to think the azaleas will look better in their
own gardens There are gaps in the line
gaps that grow longer almost after every
n ght. Plants are disappearing at an alarm
ing rate. Flower thieves are becoming more
and more active. What they are doing to the
park is shameful and criminal
This vandalism ought to be stopped forth
with. How to stop it is another matter. The
city is unable to provide park guards by
daylight. 1t would be more difficult to pro-
vide night patrol This leaves but one means
Of protection for the park property That is
for all residents, including the present pill
ferers, TO constitute themselves guardians Of
the park and accept a personal responsibility
fol- the observation of all growing things there
in. # this were done there would be ne
more thieving in the park
And while on the subject it is appropriate
to appeal TO the sense of propriety and de-
cency in people generally and urge that plants
and shrubbery in the city's cemeteries be
left lndisturbed 1t is complained that thiev
ing is going on there as well as at Greenfield
park. Any consideration for the sentiments o.
surviving relatives who seek to beauty the
graves of their loved ones with Towering plants
ought to make the most wilfully disposed per
sons refrain from this dissertation
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-03-30
Stain And The Ukraine

IF further evidence were needed that the
Russians intend to reoccupy the Ukraine anc
recover its potential production, while cutting
German forces off from escape by way o.
the Black sea, their capture OF Nlkolaev anc
forced march against Odessa would provide
that evidence.
Joseph Stain is engaged not only in defeat
ING the Germans on the Eastern front as q
step toward United Nations victory in this
war. He is also intent upon regaining Rus
sia's own resources, among the most vital o.
which lie in the Ukraine.
The Ukraine has been aptly described as
Russia's bread basket, sugar bowl and Goa
bin rolled into one 1t produces two-thirds Of
Russia's sugar. three-quarters OF Russia
COAL fifth of its grain. In addition the
Ukraine Yields normally three-fifths OF Rus
sias iron and one-fifth of its chemicals.
At present the Ukraines fields are bare
its industries idle, its mines closed The par
rem earth policy put into effect when Hitler
crossed the border is still in full swing. Hitler
has been able to profit little from It's re
sources. But at the same time he mas KEEP
Russia from benefiting from them too. Inc
Russian demands upon Lend-Lease woulo
have been substantially smaller II the
I1kraine's assets had been available to Rus
STA throughout the period OF German occupa
ton.
Now. Stain is concentrating the Red assault
in that region for future domestic, as Well as
nresent war. purposes. But there is also
sound political reason for the recovery o.
the Ukraine. Henry Sowerby, who follows the
battlefronts with keen eye and deep unoer
standing points this out In Christian Science
Monitor article he writes:
There are also political reasons for clear
ing the Germans out OF the Ukraine with al
speed. There always has been strong ma
tionaIstic tendency among the $4,000 Oo(
Ukrainians in Russia, who still speak tdell
own language Hitler, on entering the Ukraine
at the Pruth River in July, 1941, had counteo
on this nationalism to score quick victory
with quisling Ukrainian government. He
knew that Moscow had had occasional diff
fculties with Kiev
But Stain occupies the role of iberator
Moscow funds will restore the peasants anc
workers to their farms and plants. An or
ganization already is at work returning thu
peasants by driblets as machinery is made
available for working the farms. Kiev, more
over, has been given a measure of self-gov
eminent in the new Russian decentralizinl
plan II already has it's own foreign minister
Thus it is obvious that Stain is moving a:
carefully and efficiently to win the supper
and solidarity of the great Ukrainian popula
ton in the postwar era as he is to drive thu
Hitlerites out.
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-03-30
With Ernie Pyle

somebody. And the average shell
finds thousands within hearing dis
lance of its explosion. If plane
goes down in No~Man's -Land, more
than half the troops on the beach
head can see it fall.
New units in the fighting, or old
units wishing to change positions,
have great difficulty in finding a
place. The already spoken for
sign covers practically all the land
in the beachhead. The space prob
lem is almost as bad as in Wash
lngton.
Because of the extreme suscepti-
billty to Smelling, our army has
moved underground. At Youks and
Thelepte and Biskra, in Africa a
year ago, our Air Forces lived I'M
derground. But this is the first
time our entire ground force has
had to burrow beneath the sur.
face.
Around the outside perimeter
line, where the infantry lie facing
the Germans few hundred yards
away, the soldiers lie in open fox.
holes devoid of all comfort. But
everywhere back Of that the men
have dug underground and built
themselves homes. Here on this
beachhead the dugouts, housing
from two to half dozen men
each, will surely run into the tens
Of thousands.
AS result of this, our losses
from Smelling and bombing are
small. It's only the first shell after
lull that gets many casualties.
After the first one, all the men
are in their dugouts. And you
should see how fast they can gel
there when a shell whines.
In addition to safety, these dug.
outs provide two other comforts
our troops have not always had
warmth and dryness.
A dugout is a wonderful place
to sleep. In our Anzio-Nettuno sec
tor a whole nights sleep is as
rare as January sun in sunny It
ally. But for the last three nights
I've slept in various dugouts al
the front, and slept soundly. The
last two nights I've slept in E
grove which was both bombed anc
shelled, and in which men were
killed each night and yet I never
even woke up That's what the
combination of warmth, insulation
against sound. and the sense o.
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-03-30
Prey Of Bureaucracy

In statement printed in the Congressional
Record of February 3, Senator Moore of Okla
homa says our national oil policy has pro-
NOTED the "oil shortage idea as an excuse
to launch the government into the oil bust
ness on an international scale.
IF this country pursues such policy, -
says Senator Moore, it will be the mo-
tivating force that will cause other nations
to enter into the oil business, resulting in
governments competing directly with each
other for trade and commerce, with conse-
quent international complications But more
fundamental even than these considerations
and more fraught with danger to the welfare
Of our country and our people, is the fact
that the policy sought to be developed under
the Petroleum Reserves Corporation of en-.
gaging this country in the field Of private trade
and commerce, will impede and eventually de.
stroy the private enterprise of our own ma
tionals, which is the foundation of this the
greatest industrial nation on the face of the
earth
Gas a prelude to engaging this country ir
the oil business abroad and later at home
it was felt necessary to create so far as pos
sible an artificial shortage of petroleum anc
petroleum products. This has been accom-
plished by conspiracy of the economy plan
ners to freeze and maintain the price of crude
oil at levels relatively lower than other do
mestcally produced natural resources. Today
the price of crude oil remains approximately
80 per cent of the 1926 parity levels, while the
price of other raw materials has been advanc
I'd to approximately 112 per cent of the 1921
parity levels.
1.-THE only thing that the front men for thu
economy planners understand and are con
rerned with is that continued repression
prices will eventually bring about shortage
and scarcity Of crude oil. which they hop
will reduce the industry to few large unit
which can be easily taken over or govetS
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-03-30
Interpreting
The War
BY KIRKE L. SIMPSON
Associated Press War Analyst

In capturing Kolomea Russian
troops have finally snapped the
Lwow-Czernozitz Bucharest rail-
way and set foot on the bottom
rung of a mountain pass ladder
that leads over the Carpathian
ramparts into southeastern Czech
oslovakia.
The town lies north of beseig-
ed Czernowitz (CernautD, gate
way city to the Siret valley down
the east flank of the Carpathians.
That is the direct route to Ru-
mania's oil hub, Ploesti, through
which the German war receives at
least a third Of its high test fuel
and a far higher proportion OF
lubricants for planes, tanks, u
boats and vital industries.
West from Kolomea leads a
branch line threading a difficult
Carpathian pass at the top of the
long valley in which the Prut river
rises. The junction city stands
north of the river which is too mar
row at that point to afford much
of an obstacle to the Red Army
advance.
It appears doubtful that Russian
battle plans call for an attempt
to storm the Carpathian mountain
passes, however, either from Ko'
lomea or a tother points south
ward along the north-south range
that splits Rumania. There are two
other rail threaded Carpathiar
passes below Cernauti, but there
seems no observable strategic
reason for the Russians to attempt
to force any of them.
Greater results military ar1o
political - are obtainable by "a
concerted Russian push down the
Siret and Prut as well as west
ward from the Dniester, once the
Odessa trap has been completely
closed on remnants of the foe still
in the southern Ukraine. There
is little doubt that Rumanian OF
resources are the next strategic
objective for Russian forces south
of the break-through at Kolomea
The injury to Nazi war making
capacity resulting from capture Of
destruction of Rumanian oil fields
their outlets and installation:
would be incalculable. Nor car
underground security can do TO,
The Wilmington morning star., 1944-03-30
TheLiterary
Guidep0st
BY JOHN SELBY
"MEXICO SPEAKS" by Guido

Rosa John Day; $3).
1t is not simple matter to trans
late both Mexican life and the
Mexican spirit of today into terms
that will be understandable in the
United States. The Mexicans, I am
told. resent bitterly our patroniz-
ing emphasis on the picturesque
features of their life, preferrlng
that we see instead the progress
being made.
But perhaps by combining the
two approaches, Guido R S
Mexico Speaks may please both
countries; certainly it is a book
of importance. Mr.. Rosa is not a
longtime resident of Mexico, nor
does he pretend to have cyclopedlc
knowledge. But he has seen a good
deal and he has sympathy. His
story of some months wandering
with the help of Juan and feeble
Chevrolet held together with bal
ing wire is a delight.
He wandered from coast to coast,
and during frequent periods OF re-
pair for the car, he took a multi
tude of side trips by bus and train
and afoot. His Spanish was good
enough to allow conversation, and
on this trip he did not take notes
in front of people, something that
had proved disastrous on other
Mexican journeys. Finally, he car
ried camera and used it well.
He emerged not much worried
about such movements as the Sim
arquismo, which, it is said, the
Falange is trying to influence. A
certain wariness toward our own
country still exeists, but most of
the people with whom he talked
were convinced of our sincerity,
especially after President Roose-
velt's visit to Mexico. He found a
curious, sometimes almost fanatic
al desire for education among In
dams who would not be expected
to feel it, and a general belief in
the good intentions of Mexico's own
government.
These, and more, But for me
the particular JOY of the book was
the incredible beauty of ordinary
Mexican speech as reported by
Mr.. Rosa. How broad is the
shadow of generosity remarks
man, and peasant woman casual
ly explains that love sees only
rose without throns, but will .
How long does she suppose that the
opening flower can hold its bloom?'