davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1944-04-28

went into Wall Street as "a brokers
boy" and laid the foundation of the
fortune which makes possible his
generous philanthropies today. His
choice Of objectives is as natural as
1t Is sound. If there is any single
development more than another for
which modern science deserves sup
port, it is that of the cure and
correction of disease.
But it is not to the whole vast
field of medical enterprise that Mr..
Baruch is devoting his money. He
stipulates physiotherapy involving
the treatment of nerves and muscles
with light, heat, water, massage and
exercise. Particularly, he seeks to
benefit sick and wounded soldiers
and sailors in need of rehabilitation
help. The sum Of one million one
hundred thousand dollars will be
made available to finance ten year
project. Something symbolic is
represented in the fact that grants
are designated to the Medical College
Of Virginia, where the donors father
was a student, and to Columbia
University in New York, where the
same parent later was a teacher.
Mr.. Baruch is assured of the
appreciation of all those of his
countrymen who look forward to a
healthier as well as a freer and
more notably prosperous world after
the war.
Evening star., 1944-04-28
Praises Inspector Mansfield

To the Editor OF The Star:
Because of the thoughtfulness of your
paper, The Star, in sending Inspector
Richard Mansfield to our school, the
pupils of the Crummell School had a
very delightful and instructive assembly
Inspector Mansfields background as a
police officer, together with his out
standing talent as an illustrator. made
his talk exceptionally interesting.
The topic Safety is one which cam
not be overemphasized with school
children. The message that is left will
be long remembered by any child whose
attention can be held as attention il
held by Inspector Mansfields original
presentation.
This assembly with Inspector Mans
field was held quite some time ago.
Although we of the Crummell School
are late writing about it, we are never
theless deeply grateful to The Star for
this activity. MAE r. BAKER,
Principal, Cr,nnmsll School.
Evening star., 1944-04-28
This Changing World
By Constantine Bro,cn

The lull on the eastern front, where
only local encounters have taken place
in the last 10 days. is believed to be due
to a regrouping of the Russian forces.
The basis for this construction is the
Official Red Army communIques, as Rus
sian troop movements and dispositions
are unknown here. Most military OBJ
servers believe that, in keeping with the
Teheran agreements, probably calling
for q joint attack against the Reich
from the east and west, the Soviet high
command is preparing important mill
tary operations between Lwow and the
Narooya River.
The very successful operations of the
Red Army in the south. which resulted
in the reconquest of all of Southern
Russia-except the Sevastopol citadel
and OF a portion of Romania to the
Seret River, have little effect on the
Allied strategy against Germany. A
further advance in that area would not
unduly worry the German high
command.
The Carpathians, an uninterrupted
chain of mountains with peaks as high
as $4,000 feet and dense forests covering
the lower sections of the ranges, form
natural barrier between Eastern and
Central Europe. A relatively small and
well-equipped force, probably not more
than 80 divisions. could hold the few
passes almost indefinitely against an
attack by four times as large an army.
Airplanes and mechanized forces are of
little avail in this area. In most mill
tary quarters 1t is considered incon-
ceivable that the Russian general staff.
would waste time and men in an attempt
to cross the Carpathians.
In Lower Romania there Is an impor-
tart military objective, Ploesti and the
Oil field stretching for some 100 miles
north Of that city. There are no noun
famous ranges to defend that section
and Bucharest. the capital Of Romania.
But there is an excellent line south
Evening star., 1944-04-28
Vital Decisions Near
By Maj. George Fielding Eliot

There have been some recent reports
as to the weakness of German anti
aircraft fire over formerly we'll l-protected
targets in the interior of Germany, and
as to the increase in the intensity Of
antiaircraft fire in the coastal districts
Of France and Belgium. These reports
suggest that the Germans may be shift
ing antiaircraft batteries toward the
so-called invasion area"
The evidence is not sufficient. to be
conclusive, but whether or not this par
ticular German decision has been taken,
the sort of decisions which the Germans
must make, and the disadvantages un-
der which they must make them.
In the first place, If the Germans are
shifting their antiaircraft batteries to
the coast, it means that they think the
time of invasion is very near. So con-
sidering, they cannot wait any longer to
strengthen their coastal antiaircraft
from new production. They must re-
duce their internal defenses. The chief
guesswork on the time of invasion.
II they have guessed correctly, not
much harm has been done; for as the
attention of our aircraft will be turned
to the coastal areas, hence the shift Of
German fax is sound move If, how
ever, they have guessed wrong, then for
a period of time German industrial CEN
ters are going to be more exposed to
our raids than before, and damage
which the Germans might have avoided
will be Sustained-to the extent that the
could Nf
bombings.
Next, as the batteries are shifted to
their new locations, the position orig
inally assigned to each battery-particu-
larly the heavy batteries, which are less
mobile than the others-represents
guess as to where that battery may be
needed. 1t represents guess as TO
where we are coming in. 1t is, of course,
q guess which may be rectified but not
without loss of precious time. If the
sum total of these guesses is heavily on
the wrong side, it might make a con-
siderable difference in the outcome of
the first two or three days of fighting:
and those two or three days are likely
to have a disproportionate influence on
the outcome Of our initial efforts to
establish Arm beachheads
OF course. the Germans will try-in
this matter as in all their other prepara-
tions-to make the best guesses possible.
They will have a whole section of their
intelligence staff told OF to try to think
as our staff is thinking. These German
officers will be engaged in making their
own invasion plans-they will be trying
to work out just the plans they would
make, II they were In fact Gen. Eisen-
Evening star., 1944-04-28

Of Moldavia which would be difficult to
break. The line extends roughly from
the Carpathians to the Danube. Be-
cause 1t is relatively short and Is
anchored on the mountains and the
Danube River it would be difficult for
an attacking army to outfiank it. This
line was heavily fortified before the
war. According to available reports its
Notifications have been greatly i'm
proved and moderniZed.
u
A force not exceeding 20 divisions
would be more than ample to resist for
several months. The Romanians are
said to have some IL divisions still avail
able for combat on this main line of
Notifications and the Germans, taking
advantage of the good lines of COM
munications in Walachia, could move
necessary reinforcements whenever the
situation demanded It, At present only
four German divisions are reported to
be in the Galatz and Focsani areas to
bolster the Romanian troops.
A Russian advance across the Danubi-
an Delta into Dobruja and thence into
Bulgaria Is equally considered here as
an unworthwhile military operation.
This Romanian province is between the
Black Sea and the Danube It would
be difficult to maneuver large forces in
such small area.
The latest reports indicate there are
still IT'S German divisions on the eastern
front. The mobilization in Hungary has
been completed and 1t is believed that
some 20 Magyar divisions are available
to assist the Germans. In addition,
there are some Latvian and Estonian
forces amounting probably to seven di-
visions. Thus in the area from north of
Czenowitz to Lake Peipus there are more
than 200 Axis divisions. behind strong
natural defenses or strongly fortified
lines. 1t would take more than q
token offensive" to keep these forces
busy all the time and prevent the Ger
man high command from shifting troops
from the eastern to the western front.
Evening star., 1944-04-28
Mr.. Buruch's Philanthropy

1t is characteristic of Bernard M.
Baruch to be interested in health.
His favorite photograph Of himself
shows him in the role of an amateur
boxer, six feet three inches tall, one
hundred. and seventy-five pounds in
weight. The date of the picture is
1895, but its subject has changed not
much in appearance and bearing
except as time has altered all men
who have lived and worked three
score and fifteen years
Mr.. Baruch's father, as it happens,
was a physician-a surgeon in the
armies of the Confederacy-and he
wanted his son to be a doctor, too.
The story is that famous phren-
ologist" felt young "Barneys" crani-
UNI and said: "He has great gifts
in finance and business but no
special genius for medicine. In any
sase, the future adviser to Presidents
Evening star., 1944-04-28
Frowns on Reverse Bataan'

To the -dItor OF The Star:
I wish, as an American, to take ex-
ception to the phrase Reverse Bataan-
used several times recently bv news
commentators when referring to the
Allied advances In New Guinea and
other South Pacific areas against the
Japs.
It Is natural for US as home frontiers,
and returned soldiers to picture Bataan
as the scene Of human and humane
soldiers and officers being killed, starved
and tortured into insanity by hordes of
insane, fendish devils.
do not believe that under the most
drastic conditions of wars hell on earth
would any American soldier in his Wild
est moment perpetrate the atrocities on
any fellow being which the Japs were
guilty of at Bataan.
Couldn't we find a less odious COM
parison to use in referring to our BOYS
on the battle fronts?
No-I am not pacifist. I have two
sons in service and am proud of both.
PAUL DUNBAR.
Evening star., 1944-04-28

hower's staff instead of Marshal Keitels.
But they cannot carry their thinking
beyond certain point. They cannot
allow that thinking to become concen-
trated on a single definite idea They
cannot, in other words, follow the falla-
cious theory of arriving at "the enemys
most probable intentions. Once YOU
permit yourself to do that, in war, you
are hardly better off than if you had
tossed a coin to determine what the
enemy might be planning You have
fixed your mind, you have convinced
yourself that the enemy is going to do
so-and-so- and if he does something else.
you are sunk.
So in military planning, the defensive
side cannot do more than study the
enemys various Capabilities" He might
do this, or again he might do that. He
might move in at this point in strength.
and make feint at that point to de-
ceive u.s. He might attack at three or
four places simultaneously, and then put
his main effort behind the initial attack
which proves most successful. and so
on.
Hence the decisions which the de-
tending side can safely take are limited.
They can include the provision of a
strong front line defense, but they can
not commit too many troops to that, or
many of them may be immobolized and
useless when the time comes. They can
include the location of reserves at main
centers of communications, but they
must always be torn between having
enough at any given point and the
danger of too wide dispersion so that
there may not be enough, in time, at
that point which turns out to be the
point of crucial Importance.
The attacking side, on the other hand,
can carry its thinking and planning
much farther ahead. It's staff knows
what it is going to do and where, and
when. 1t probably knows a great deal
about the enemy's dispositions to meet
the attack, because it has air superiority
and therefore can carry out extensive
aerial reconnaissance, both visual and
Photographic.
1t is. therefore. possible for the section
Of Gen. Eisenhower's staff which is
supposed to represent the enemy's
thinking, to Cd very much farther than
can the Germans who are trying to put
themselves inside British and American
skulls.
This is what is called the advantage
of the initiative. 1t permits definite
plans to be made, to be carried out at
definite times and under definite condi-
tions. The defender can make only in
definite plans-to do this if the enemy
does that. and on the other hand to be
ready to do something else If the enemy
does the other thing.
Copyright. ls44)
Evening star., 1944-04-28

always have been. He illustrated this
with an experience.
Once, In connection with the corona
ton in England, he had . film made Of
the royal stamp collection. He never
anticipated its success! He found out
that not only In England, but in the
most remote corners Of the earth, were
millions of people who were passion
ate stamp collectors. Stamp collecting
was what bound them together, not
noble sentiments about international
collaboration.
Similarly, all over the world are mill
lions Of men and women daily graphing
with education, industrial work and
management, agriculture, child care,
cooking, every possible facet Of life and
work, and held together only by these
common interests. Mass education for
international collaboration, should, he
suggested, consist in the visible, prac-
tical. revelation Of these common IN
terests.
He suggested that the nations whose
people do certain things better or diff
ferently from others, should not hide
their lights under bushels, but through
organizations like UNRRA and ILO
carry the message in terms OF the
common man. For, said he, mo edu-
cation will work any longer that is not
asspciated with actual needs and i'm
terests. However wide and deep the
strategies Of the world may develop,
they begin in a mans job, in his COM
munity, and in his immediate sense OF
interest"
Mr.. Grierson was critical of the means
taken to integrate the Workers front
with the soldiers front. He excoriated
the concentration on fiag-vavih& and
general patriotic ballyhoo instead Of
reali3ing that the people everywhere
ARE hungry for q knowledge of the
future, for chance to understand
what is in the making, and how they
can participate in it, not only as to its
benefits, but as to its duties"
And Mr.. Grierson has not confined
himself to theaters, but developed much
larger audiences outside their walls-in
oranges, clubs, schools, trade unions,
making travelling theaters, accompany
ing pictures by lectures, sending them
up and down the country, into the
tiniest hamlet, making the backwoods-
man aware Of his two great neighbors,
the United States and Russia, trans
lating everything into homely terms.
tReleased BY the Bell Syndicate, Inc.)
Evening star., 1944-04-28

ground Of public attention, largely
because its significance was under
estimated. Yet, the political future
OF Greece will profoundly affect the
destiny of the entire Near East, be-
cause Greece is the strategic link
between the Balkans, Turkey and
the Mediterranean. This crucial
position makes Greece an interme-
diate zone between Britain'S historic
sphere of influence in the Mediter-
ranean and what appears to be the
expanding sphere of Russian influ-
ence in Central Europe and the
Balkans. Chronic instability in
Greece would thus have far more
than local Importance. 1t would be
a rouble-breeder and a hindrance
to postwar reconstruction in the
whole Near Eastern region.
Unfortunately, Greek dissension
is deep-seated. The modern Greek
displays much of the intense fac
tionalism and localism which proved
the undoing of ancient Hellas. The
country's political history ever since
it attained independence from Tur-
key a century and quarter ago
has been troubled one. During the
First World War Greece was torn
between the followers of King Con-
Stantine and those of Eleutherios
Venizelos, the Cretan statesman
whose diplomatic successes gained
Greece so much in the preceding
Balkan wars. This feud was never
really healed and produced revolu-
tionary shifts from monarchy to re-
public and back to monarchy again.
During the past decade a new factor
appeared in the shape of an ultra
radical movement communistic in
character. The establishment of
the monarchy under King George II
in 1885 was never accepted by the
republican and radical elements,
and the following year revolutionary
unrest had become 50 widespread
that, under apprehension OF a Com
munist uprising, the government
proclaimed martial law, suspended
the constitution and set up dicta-
torship under General John Me-
taxaS. MusSolini'S invasion four
years later rallied the country
against the invader but did not
efface its internal dissensions. The
Axis conquest in 1941 and the ter
rible Sufferings which ensued have
engendered renewed factionalism
that is reflected among the Greek
refugees abroad. The question of
the Kings return after the expul-
sion of the German and Bulgarian
invaders is not the only source of
discord between Greek factions, and
Communist influence appears to be
growing. What liberated Greece
will be like is an enigma that time
and the course of events can alone
disclose.
Evening star., 1944-04-28
The Old ConuI-Sprino

Years pass. the lures OF many years
remain,
The 9rass-bound towpath, ,oorn by
plodding feet;
The mtrrord curves, Which endlesslv
repeat
The dogt0ood's purity, the red-bud's
stain:
A flash OF crimson iUinqs-that soma
again
From tender green phere sun and
ShadoU meet,
Or-hauntingly, unutterably speet-
A distant thruSh-note calling through,
the rain
BeloaU. the riuer roars its mighty puy
BetWeen the cliffs, impatient for the
sea,
AboUe, the stream of human life at play.
With strident horn. 1otirrs by tnsistently.
Remote and still. Indifferent it lies
And sleeps and dreams OF long-lost CEN
turtles.
. MARGARET BELL MERRILL.
Evening star., 1944-04-28
On the Record
By Dorothy Thompson

1t must be eight or ten years since
saw an early exciting documentary ilm,
Might Mail" = dramatization OF the
British postal system. found this
drama Of work and service more en-
thralling than nine-tenths of the Holly
wood romances. Behind 1t was the di-
rector of the film unit Of the British
Post once, q remarkably imaginative
man, John Grierson.
Today Mr.. Grierson Is director of the
National Film Board Of Canada, and
he has revolutionized, with films, mass
education in Canada.
He spoke this week before the Inter-
national Labor ONCE, currently meet
ing in Philadelphia.
Mr.. Grierson is fortnight man. What
he told the no was that their brilliant
studies about labor conditions ana prob
lens, all international matters in gen.
eral, would get little response unless
they found means to reach the people
in terms Of their own work, their own
jobs, their own interests.
He warned the delegates that the
ordinary man, from one end Of the
world to the other, is fed up with alb
stractions about international cooper
alton and the League Of Nations. "If
We ever again sit In our capitals and
throw these old distractions at the peo-.
pie, we shah deserve the isolationisn1i
that we shall certainly get,'' he said.
THE farmer or Industrial worker is not
just being selfish, materialistic or
parochial He Is being sensible. II in
ternational cooperation does not, ap-
parently, and for all to see, mean any
thing to his destiny !. y. he has good
reason to be skeptical"
Says Mr.. Grierson further, sIf we are
going to have international cooperation
We must develop education in inter-
nationalism and see that 1t begins on
the local doorstep. The education that
people want today is In knowing where
they get OF. They want to know what
the fancy notions mean in terms OF the
homes they will live In, the bread they
will eat, the families they will raise
=. and, in my humble opinion, they
are right"
Mr.. Grierson reminded the ILO that
they had ofices In SO nations, and that
through years Of work vast knowledge
had been collected. But he told them
they must translate their information
into mass education. He pointed out
that whole nations are not intimately
bound together In any way, but that
all the groups within nations are and
Evening star., 1944-04-28
The Problem of Greece

The recent mutiny in the Greek
Army and Navy based on Egypt
dramatizes one of the most complex
and difficult problems facing Allied
craftsmanship. This problem has
hithertqs been kept In the back
Evening star., 1944-04-28

It is far cry from Chamberlain's
umbrella to a hundred thousand
parachutes now ready for action.
Evening star., 1944-04-28
We Fight in Russiu

Reproduction Rights Reserved)
Evening star., 1944-04-07
AiIing Mother Asks President
7oFurIough Commando Kelly

is failing. Doctors told Nom that
she may never hear again and it
is only matter of time before
her eyes fail her completely.
Nom wants to thank you for
the very nice letter you wrote to
her about Charles. She is lonely
these days, and your letter made
her very happy
Only three of us are home now,
Nom, Danny, II, and myself. I
am 16. We were sitting in the
kitchen the other night while Nom
was brewing pot of tea and got
to talking about Charles. Nom
told me how lonesome she was and
how happy she would be if she
could see Charles
Nom would like to ask you to do
her favor, Mr.. President. She
knows you are very busy these days,
but she would be grateful to you for
the rest of her life if you would let
Charles come home on a furlough
for few days.
Nom said tonight when she goes
to bed she is going to say a prayer
for you and ask God to protect and
guide you and give you strength to
carry on your heavy burden, until
victory is won.
Nom said she was going to offer
up another prayer that you will
make lonely mothers heart light
and happy by letting her see Charles
soon"
Evening star., 1944-04-07
Raj Mosquitoes Blast
Ruhr and Rhine|and.
Including Hamburg
BY the Associated Press.

LONDON, April 7.-striking
anew at targets previously fiat
tened by British heavy bombers,
RAF Mosquitoes attacked Ham
burg and other objectives in the
Ruhr and Rhineland last night
in the resumption of a campaign
designed to thwart German ef-
forts to reconstruct much-need-
ed war industries.
The stab into the heavy-defended
industrial area of the Reich by the
atwood bombers, now capable of
carrying 1000 pounds of explosives,
was made at the cost OF one plane,
the Air Ministry said.
Apparently it was the only blow
aimed last night at the continent
from the west, but shortly before
noon today the German radio
warned that "single enemy planes"
were over Northern Germany, in
dicating the Allied offensive was
being continued by daylight.
The Mosquitoes night attack was
their third foray over Germany this
month and their 26th night assault
on the Reich since the first of
March.
The overnight activity followed a
heavy daylight attack by American
Liberators on the Pas-de- Calais area
on the French invasion coast, during
which 600 tons of explosives were
unloaded on German military in
stallations.
= The Liberator raid-the second on
the Pas-de-Calais area in two days
was carried out without the loss
OF single plane. Returning crew.
men said they did not sight any
German fighters and that anti-air-
craft fire was negligible. n
Thunderbolt fighter -bombers of
the United States 9th Air Force also
bombed and strafed targets in
Northern France without loss yes
terday.