davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1944-12-31
Cotton Problem
May Be One of First
Bars to Peace Plan
BY Sigrid Arne

That fluffy, innocent-looking cotton
we raise in the South now looks like
one of the first big obstacles in the
road to peace.
It's perfect example of lesson world
statesmen have been hammering home,
beginning with the Atlantic Charter:
That peace goes far beyond no shooting.
1t goes into how we sell and what we
buy.
The troubles of king cotton have
just been aired here before a House
group. the Pace Committee. The COM
mittee heard that: Cd American cotton
is the highest priced in the world, 90
we are the worlds largest growers of
cotton, 90 we use only half Of what we
raise, so we must sell the rest abroad.
Our price (now 81 cents pound) has
to compete with the lower prices of our
biggest competitors Qndia, IA cents, and
Brazil, I'D.
So the Government is paying a f.
cents-a-pound bonus to any one who
exports cotton. The American exporter
thus has 17-cent cotton to sell, in the
same league with Brazil.
U. S. Sincerity Questioned.
The Assistant Secretary of State Dean
Acheson told the Pace Committee sew
eral foreign representatives have ex-
pressed concern and apprehension"
that other nations are ALREADY ques-
tioning our sincerity in the drive for
better world trade"
This device of handing bonus to an
exporter was one of the most destructive
ones used in the trade wars of the 30's.
Germany was the william and we were
one of the nations most badly burned.
Germany gave large subsidies to her
exporters of manufactured goods sold in
competition with ours in South America,
such as typewriters, dental and medical
equipment, cash registers, mechanical
calculators, microscopes. German fac
tories hummed. Ours shut down and
Joe Lunchpail found a soup line to
stand in.
Right now only two nations are pay
ing export bonuses-the United States
on cotton and Brazil on cotton and
coffee.
The Commerce Department reports
that American manufacturers are
quietly but greatly agitated over this
cotton subsidy.
Others Could Retaliate.
Experts point out that Great Britain
could very we'll grant subsidy to her
steel men, who sell in competition with
American steel. Canada could slap
subsidy on wheat that competes with
our wheat. Pittsburgh could see bread
lines again, and Kansas could have an
epidemic of farm foreclosures.
So what to do about cotton?
Both State and Agriculture Depart
ments are pressing for United Ma
tions meeting to get agreements, pre-
sumably to set limits to the amount of
cotton nation might export.
Right now the prospects for such an
agreement are not bright. Brazil, India
and Egypt have us on the hip because
their prices are lower. However, they
fear our subsidy stick, because we have
the richest Treasury in the world and
could outsubsidize them.
Actually cotton, the world over, is in
trouble. The world usually produces
million bales year more than it uses
and most of that surplus comes from
American fields.
Right now there's world carry lover
of unused cotton of 24,o0o0oo bales
whole years supply.
distributed by Associated Press)
Evening star., 1944-12-31
MOuIf0n.MarIi0 Plan

/. Territorial readjustments would
not suffice.
2. Destruction of all industrialism
would be impracticable.
3. A partial control system involv-
ing ALLEGATION of strategic materials
would be inadequate.
4. Direct controls over selected key
industries offer greater possibilities,
but would not insure safety.
Recommended Economic Measures.
i. Suppression of all military and
commercial aviation.
2. Rigid control of the aluminium
industry.
8. Elimination of synthetic oil
plants. ..,.
4. Supervision over all electric
power.
Military Measures.
/. Withdrawal of military occupa-
ton forces as soon as stable condi-
tions permit, and dependence there
after on a system of detection and
coercion.
2. Creation of a rearmament and
detection board The board would
maintain supervisors within key in
dustrial areas to watch for evasions
of restrictions and would be en-
powered after due warnings to apply
coersive measures.
Evening star., 1944-12-31

CONTINUED on Page B-3, Column -
Evening star., 1944-01-14
1echnician 10 Get Medal
For SAVING Friends Life

Sergt. Perry E. Walper, %, Pitts
burgh, Pa, will receive the Soldiers
Medal at 6:15 o'clock tonight in the
Red Cross House at Walter Reed
Hospital for his heroism in saving
buddy from drowning last summer
in the Potomac River.
Maj. Gen. Shelley U. Marietta
commanding general of the Army
Medical Center, will present the
medal. An appropriate program has
been planned, with the medical CEN
ter band supplying the music.
Sergt. Walper, a technician in the
blood plasma laboratory at the cen
ter, went to the rescue of Corpl.
Philip Clinkston when the latter fall
tered while trying to swim the Po-
tomac above Little Falls. They had
the afternoon off and had decided
to 60 on the outing to escape the
summer heat.
At the center it was said the two
not only work together and bunk
together but have been buddies ever
since their paths crossed in the
Army,
Evening star., 1944-01-14
COP, Democrats
Confer on Shorinq
Convention Cost
the Associated Press

by the Associated PreSs.
CHICAGO, Jan. 14.-Democratic
and Republican chiefs met yesterday
to discuss sharing the expense of
preparing the Chicago Stadium for
their parties national conventions
next summer.
Confexring were Frank c. Walker.
Democratic national chairman; ;;
Harrison E. Spangler, Republican
national chairman, and Walter S.
Hallahan. acting chairman of the
Republican Arrangements Commit
tee.
While the Republicans have
selected June 26 for the start of their
convention. Democratic plans will
not be determined definitely until
the party's National Committee
meets in Washington January %.
Mr.. Walker, who has indicated the
Democrats also will convene here,
said the Democratic convention
opened on July Is in 1910, and he
saw mo reason why it should be held
earlier this year."
Mr. Hallahan said he ''hoped a
joint-expepse arrangement could be
agreed upon,' whereby the two
parties could share costs of outftting
the stadium.
Evening star., 1944-01-14
New York Indictment
May Delay District
kidnapping Trial

Indictment by . New York grand
jury yesterday may delay prosecu-
ton here Of two Norfolk men ac-
cused Of kidnapping Mercedes Platt,
emploYe Of the American Embassy
In Havana, and a National Airport
chauffeur from the airport here last
week.
The two men, John r. King, %,
and David Keith, "a, were ordered
held for prosecution in New York
on charges Of robbery, kidnapping,
assault and grand larceny, the Asso-
ciated Press reported yesterday.
They were arrested in q Manhat-
tan movie theater last week after
Miss Platt and the chauffeur, Her.
man German, %, told New York
police that they had been forced at
pistol point to accompany the men
on q ride from Washington to
Brooklyn. King and Keith, it Is
charged, forced their way into Cor
mans limousine, in which Miss Platt
was q passenger, at the airport.
The New York charges were made
In connection with their subsequent
Evening star., 1944-01-14
|PeniciIIin Compound
Hailed as Cure for
Disease Of Heart
BY the Associated Press,

CHICAGO. Jan. 14.-Another dis
ease which has been almost invari-
ably fatal, an Inflammation Of the
mebrane lining Of the heart, ap-
parently has been cured by the COM
bined use Of penicillin and heparin.
. The discovery, announced yester-
day in the Journal Of the American
Medical Association, was q medical
surprise because commission ap-
pointed by the National Research
Council recently reported unfavor-
ably on the use Of penicillin alone
for this malady.
Seven consecutive patients were
treated with apparent success by use
OF penicillin, the marvellous drug
obtained from mold, in conjunction
with heparin, a drug which prevents
or resists blood coagulation.
. The disease Is subacute bacterial
endocarditis, an Inflammation usual
ly caused by the yirulent' strepto-
coccus viridans bacteria or another
strain of "strep," and sometimes by
pneumOcoccus germs.
! The report, made by four Brook
lyn physicians, Leo Loewe, Philip
Rosenblatt, Harry J. Greene and
Mortimer Russell, said that further
observation will be required to de-
termine the permanence of results,
but the immediate effects suggest
uniformly successful sterilization of
the blood and relief OF clinical mani
feStationS."
They said success Of the treat
ment may have been increased by
preliminary use OF sulfonamides by
all patients.
The use Of "sulfa" drugs, with
or without heparin, has never been
effective in viridans endocarditis,
however, and even the introduction
OF penicillin alone proved equally
Disappointing" the physicians said.
The Research Councils commission
had discouraged use of the present
inadequate supply for the disease.
In the same issue OF the journal.
two other physicians reported that
heparin used together with either
sulfonamides or intensive treatment
with arsenic drugs, failed entirely
to relieve this heart ailment.
Evening star., 1944-01-14
Hearings on ". & 0. D.
Service 10 Be Resumed

The Virginia State Corporation
Commission has ordered resumption
of hearing on requests for addi-
tional passenger service OF the
Washington & Old Dominion Rail-
road between Rosslyn and Purcell
vile and tentatively has set jan
uary 81 as the hearing date.
The commission recently called
OF the hearing after the Army took
over operation of the railroads. In
setting the new date the commission
said the Governments operation Of
the railroads will not affect proceed
ings in this case.
Meanwhile, w. & o. D.. officials
termed the hearing merely a
formality'' since the road has pur-
chased equipment to convert the
present mail train from Rosslyn to
Purcellville into a combination mail
and passenger train. This equip
ment will be placed in service as
soon as repair parts can be obtained,
which may be this month.
Evening star., 1944-01-14
Bill to Permit Tubes
Under Street Passed

At the request Of Chairman RAN
dolph OF the House District Com
mittee, the House yesterday passed
without objection the bill to permit
the Bureau of National Affairs, Inc,
one Of the David Lawrence organ
izations, to lay pneumatic tube pipe
lines under Twenty-third street
near M NV, between two Of its
buildings.
This Is one Of the minor admin
istrative matters with which Con-
eress no longer would have to deal
If 1t approves the Hebert bill to in
crease the administrative powers Of
the District Commissioners, now
awaiting action by the House Dis
trio Committee.
Evening star., 1944-01-14
AFL Official Asks
Single Labor Agency
By the Associated Press,


CHICAGO, Jan. 14.-John P.
Frey, president of the Metal Trades
Department Of the American Fed
Grafton of Labor. advocated last
night a single Federal agency to
handle labor's problems.
Il believe" he said, "a central
agency dealing with labor, handing
down decisions that will stick and
not be vetoed by some other agency.
is absolutely essential to restore the
confidence of our workers in their
Government, which. in these times,
lis the overall employer"
Mr.. Frey reported he preferred to
have such power placed in the
Labor Department. and maintained
that department had been "shorn
of its most important bureaus
since the war began.
American labor has been forced
to contend with an almost impos-
sible administrative condition in
our Government" he stated in a
broadcast speech. mo adequate
national legislation has been en-
acted which would provide a def
mite labor policy. and its unpreju-
diced administration.
Instead of one central authority
dealing with labor problems, there
has developed practically Is Fed
leral agencies regulating the terms
Eof employment and conditions of
labor. -
Labor needs, rs do other seq
ments of our population, getting
away from government by decree
and directives. government by dis
cretionary authority. We need
- return to government by
law. = Sanity in relation to
labor must be restored"
Evening star., 1944-01-14
Six Essential Ideas
For Civilian Draft
Suggested by McNut
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
LOUISVILLE, KY. Jan. A.-No
national service law would be SEN
sible" II it changed the basic man.
power program now in effect, Man
power Chairman McNutt said last
night.
In speech before the Louisville
Management-Labor Committee of
the War Manpower Commission,
Mr.. McNutt said he could not give
detailed provisions Of national serv-
ice legislation, requested by Presi-
dent Roosevelt Tuesday, because
Congress will have to give the final
answer"
Lists Six Principles.
But he named six principles which
he said should underline any bill.
He said he would fight for these
principles" and declared that the
President in his message to Con-
gress recognized such principles. /"
The six points:
!. Manpower Is problem OF COM
munity organization.
2. Cooperation between manage
ment and labor should underlie the
administration Of any manpower
law.
3. The main problem is not to
nave the power. 1T is to have the
facilities and the technical organi-
zation to administer that power
wisely. For manpower is a con-
structive problem OF administration.
not the exercise Of penal restric-
tions." (He said law without the
basic organization to attack man
.poWers problems would accomplish
nothing and without a law, we
have, together, accomplished much.') y
Worker-Employef Protection.
4. A law should be democratically
administered, protecting both work
er and employer against arbitrary
action.
S. 1t should recognize obligation
toward the persons and their fam
lilies whose lives have been con-
trolled.
6. "A law should not be used to
cloak inequity, injustice or incom-
petence on the part Of either man
aggement or labor when those con-
ditions impede the war effort"
Evening star., 1944-01-14
Joan Berry 10 Face
Jury Wednesday in
Civil Rights Inquiry
By the Associated Press.

~ Inc ASSOCiateo freSS.
LOS ANGELES, Jan. 14.-Joan
Berry, who asserts that Film Come
dian Charles Chaplin is the father
Of her infant child, will be called
next Wednesday to testify before a
Federal grand jury investigating
whether her civil rights were vio-
lated following her arrest on
vagrancy charges in nearby Beverly
Hills year ago.
The grand. Jury summoned eight
witnesses yesterday. On adjourning,
spokesman declared there is no
possibility Of developments before
Thursday"
The inquiry will be resumed We'd
nesday afternoon, he said, with the
appearance of Miss Berry, 24-year-
old film aspirant.
Chaplin's Butler Questioned.
Edward CLANCY, Mr.. Chapnn's
butler, was questioned at length
yesterday. Others called included
Police Chief c. H. Anderson and
City Clerk Burt Frminger OF Beverly
Hills. Mrs. Lois c. Watt, secretary
at Mr.. Chaplin's film studio; her
husband, Max K. Watt, q relief night
watchman at Mr.. Chaplin's house:
two FBI agents and Thomas H,
Ince, jr., son Of the late film pro-
ducer, now manager Of a Hollywood
apartment where Miss Berry for
merly resided.
The newspaperwomen testifying
wer Hedda Hopper, movie columnist,
and Florabel Muir, Hollywood writer
for New York newspaper.
United States Attorney Charles H.
Carr said Chaplin had not been
subpoenaed, but that he was vel
come to testify voluntarily il he
desired. Mr.. Chaplin was in Sc
clusion, presumably with his 18-
year-old bride, Oona O,Neill. daugh-
ter OF Playwright Eugene O'Neill.
Received Suspended Sentence.
The investigation arose from Miss
Berry's arrest January 2, 1943, on a
vagrancy charge. She pleaded guilty
and was meted 90-day Jail sem
tence, suspended on condition she
leave Beverly Hills. In about a
month she was arrested again, after
allegedly creating a disturbance at
the Chaplin home, and was COM
mitted to the county Jail as a pro-
baton violator.
At the county Jail a physician de-
termined that Miss Berry was preg-
nant, so she was removed from a
jail to 4 sanitarium. Her baby
daughter was born last October 4.
Mr.. Chaplin denied paternity allie
cations and agreed to submit to
blood tests in an effort to determine
whether he is the child's father.
Jerry Giesler, one of the Vests
foremost criminal lawyers, disclosed
he was representing MI.
Chaplin and declared: This whole
thing is absurd"
Evening star., 1944-01-14
OPA Loses Price Suit
Against Condy Company
BY the Associated Press.


KANSAS CITY, Jan. IA Ped
eral Court jury yesterday returned .
verdict for Mars, Inc, Chicago candy
manufacturer, in 81 ,235 900 damage
suit filed by the once Of Price Ad-
ministration. 1t was alleged that ths
company had reduced the weight Of
its candy bars without reducing the
price, and thus had violated price
ceilings.
Jerome Walsh, OPA attorney, told
Judge John Caskie Collet the OPA
would move to have the verdict set
aside on the ground 1t was contrary
to the only competent evidence IN
the case.
The OPA alleged Mars violated the
price ceilings for five months dur
ing 1912.
Evening star., 1944-01-14
Admiral Fraser Visits
'Golovki in Red Port

By the Associated Press.
LONDON, Jan. 4-Admiral Sir
Bruce Fraser, commander of the
British Home Fleet, recently visited
Vice Admiral Golovki, commander
of the Soviet Northern Fleet, in a
Russian port, the British Admiralty
reported last night. i
Evening star., 1944-01-14
Congress Plans 10 Lift
Protocol Ratings Of
U. 5. Military Leaders
BY the Associated Press.


Congressional action to push the
Nations four top military chiefs
into protocol equality with Brit
ish officers directing global warfare
will be started next week.
The new, stili-undetermined des-
ignations, setting 4 precedent in
American military history, would
go to Gen. George C. Marshall,
Army Chief of Staf1; Admiral Ernest
]. King. commander in chief of the
fleet; Admiral william D. Leahy,
chief of staff to President Roosevelt,
and Gen. Henry H. Arnold, COM
manding general, Army Air Forces.
Chairman Vinson of the House
Naval Affairs Committee, describ-
ing the proposal as "just a proper
recognition Of the four men," said
it was designed "to place them on
the same footing as their British
counterparts In protocol matters" !"
The action would lift the four
American officers to ranks compar-
able to those of Field Marshal Sir
John Dill, Admiral Sir Percy Noble
1t. Gen. G. N. MacReady and Air
Marshal Sir William L. WEIGH.
their opposite numbers on the COM
bined planning board.
Members Of Congress In close
touch with military affairs empha-
sized that the legislation is not
prompted by spirit Of rivalry, but
as a means of leveling out differ
ences of ratings Of men constantly
working together.
AS the situation now stands, Gen.
Marshall and Admiral King rank
below their British counterparts on
the combined chiefs of stan In mat
ters of protocol, despite the fact
that their responsibility and powers
are equal to those of top men in any
military establishment in the world.
OF little Importance to the average
citizen, protocol affects such ques-
tions as who ranks whom and who
shall sit where, though the question
has been regarded as of little per-
sonal Importance by the American
military men. the action has been
instituted to prevent possible future
embarrassment.
Evening star., 1944-01-14

alleged holdup and kidnapping Of Q
cab driver In that city. King Il
held In $4,000 bail and Keith has
been denied bail.
The Washington once Of the FBI
said yesterday that no action will
be taken on the local phase Of the
case until the New York State
charges have been disposed Of.
Evening star., 1944-01-14
Rites Held in Maryland
For Joseph V. WoodoII

Special Dispatch to the Star.
LEONARDTOWN, Md, Jan. IL
Joseph Valentine Woodall, "a, we'll
known farmer Of Abel, who died at
his home Tuesday. was buried yes
terday in the Holy Angels Catholic
Cemetery at Abel. following a high
requim mass at the Sacred Heart
Catholic Church at Bushwood.
Mr.. Woodan is survived by three
sons, Morris, Joseph and George
Woodall. all of Washington; his
widow, Mrs. Vincent Woodall, and
three daughters, Mrs. Golden
Thompson Of Palmers, Mrs. Rooney
Hotney and Miss Ann Catherine
WoodalI, both of Washington.
Evening star., 1944-01-14
FEC Rejects Flat Bar
10 Radio Ownership
|BY Newspapers
BY the Associated Press.


Newspapers will not be denied
radio ownership merely because
they are newspapers, the Federal
Communications Commission has
decided-but diversification Of con-
troll will be encouraged.
The FEC voted unanimously
last night against adopting any
general rule on newspaper owner
ship of broadcast outlets, but said
concentration Of control In the
hands of the few at the exclusion
Of the many who may be equally
well qualified" would not be per-
mitted.
Instead Of general rule, the
commission. in considering each ap-
plcation will inquire into and in
its decisions give expression to pub
lie interest considerations"
Monopoly Avoided.
Since the commission said it was
important to avoid monopoly I, of
the avenues Of communicating fact
and opinion" and "all the commits
sioners agree to the general prin-
ciple that diversiflcation Of such
control is desirable" 1t seemed to
add up to this:
Newspaper ownership will not be
considered "as one element, among
Others" as some commissioners had
suggested, but public interest" will
be. In the event two equally we'll
qualified applicants-one newspaper
and one on-newspaper-sought to
establish a station in any particular
city, and the commission found only
one frequency to be available, the
public interest" factor might be
interpreted by the commission to
favor the non-newspaper applicant.
Precedent Established,
In such q course, the commission
would have precedent in some Of
its recent decisions. Occasionally
the commission has found appli-
cants to have similar qualifications,
and has awarded license to a non
newspaper over a newspaper appli-
cant.
The commission said 1t decided
against q general newspaper rule
in the light Of the record" In its
long investigation OF newspaper
radio ownership, and the grave
legal policy questions involved"
A summary OF the evidence is be-
ing sent to the Senate and House
Committees "for any consideration
which they may desire to give the
matter" Various court decisions
have held the present act does not
empower the commission to dis
criminate against any class in the
issuance Of licenses.
Stand Explained.
A short statement announcing the
end of the years-old newspaper
radio inquiry said the commission
does not desire to discourage legal
ly qualified persons from applying
for licenses but does desire to en-
courage the maximum number of
qualified persons to enter the field
OF mass communications, and to
permit them to use all modern in
and improvements in the
art to insure good public service" /"
1t added:
The commission does not feel
that it should deny licenses merely
because the applicant Is engaged or
interested in particular type of
business. However, it does not in
tend In granting licenses in the
public interest to permit the con-
centration Of control in the hands
OF the few to the exclusion of the
many who may be equally well quail
ifled to render such public service.
as is required of a licensee."
Evening star., 1944-01-14
Captured Nozi Tells
Reds He Is Entire
Personnel Of Division

~ the Associated Press.
MOSCOW, Jan. 14.--It Is be-
coming increasingly difficult to
tell the strength of German
divisions, which once ranged
from 10000 to $4,000 men.
The government newspaper
Izvestia related yesterday:
Red Army men captured a
German prisoner.
Where is your division?" he
was asked.
I'm the division" the pris-
oner replied.
Evening star., 1944-01-14
Danes Kill Gestupo Agent

STOCKHOLM, Jan. IA R).-Dan-
ish patriots shot and killed . Get
|tapo agent yesterday when Germans
raided a Copenhagen home to round
Iup a. ring Of saboteurs, a Copen-
hagen dispatch said last night. Five
Of the sab2teurs were reported ar
Evening star., 1944-01-14
Atherton to Tour Canada

OTTAWA, Jan. IA (P.-Ray Ath-
erton, United States Ambassador to
Canada, will undertake tour of
the Dominion, beginning Sunday,
the United States Embassy an
nounced today.
Evening star., 1944-01-14
Mexico SuIvuqes Junk

Boys of the Junior American
Colony Committee in Mexico City
are conducting junk salvage collec-
ton drives.
Evening star., 1944-01-14

Turkey expects to produce over
122 ,O00, 900 pounds of tobacco this
year.