davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1944-06-28
Volunteers Needed
To Process Oil Paper!
For Early Deliveries

A warning that fuel oil deliveries
prior to the opening Of the 1884,.
heating season Will become hope
lessly jammed up unless more vol.
unteers can be found to process ant
mail consumers applications VA.
issued today by Robert X. Thomp-
son, director Of the District Price
Administration Once.
Mr.. Thompson said his office, at
5601 Connecticut avenue NV, haa
need for 50 volunteers = day. He
especially urged high school juniors
and seniors who are free during the
day to offer their services until the
flood Of applications is under con-
troll.
The majority Of applications re-
ceived from consumers are now
ready for processing and mailing.
When IN application is first re-
ceived from the householder, it is
sent to the proper rAtioning board.
The board certifies the amount Of
oil to be allotted and sends the form
to the central of1ce. Paid workers
first tailor the coupon books. which
are then ready for 1inal processing
and mailing.
Mr.. Thompson pointed out that
unless the books can be placed in
the hands Of consumers soon, oil
users Will be unable to place orders
with their dealers until the last
minute, thereby creating = heavy
burden on the oil men. On the
other hand, II the books are sent
out regularly, dealers may begin to
I'LL up tanks In preparation for the
winter months and, In turn, can
replenish their own stocks 20 they
will have oil on hand after the cold
spell begins.
Mr.. Thompson also repeated his
warning to consumers to indorse
their coupons properly before send
ing them along to their dealers.
Unless they do 20, he said, dealers
will be forced to send the books
back for signatures before they can
make deliveries.
Evening star., 1944-06-28
Maps and Charts Cost U. 5.
Almost $37, 900, 900 a yeaI

Data gathered by the Byrd Econ
omy Committee show the Federal
Government Is spending slightly
more than 81, 900 900 1 year and
employing about 7,700 persons In
map and chart making work and Of
the total some $36, 100, 900 goes for
war purposes.
Reports were obtained from all
Government departments after .
member Of the House had been told
there probably was much duplica-
tion. The star OF the Byrd Com
mite found, however, there was no
indication Of any great amount Of
duplication and therefore did not
draft = critical or formal report for
committee action.
The Agriculture Department led
the list Of agencies as to nonmili-
tAry nnap-making work and reports
showed much Of its outlay went for
the services Of it, Bureau Of Human
Nutrition and Home Economics.
preparation Of illustrations for bull
lstins advising housewives as to
home canning Of fruits and veee-
tables.
Evening star., 1944-06-28
0pimist Club Members
PLEDGE S123,250 in Bonds

Warrington Optimist Club men,
bers at a luncheon meeting yester-
day at the Mayfiower, pledged 3l23,-
$50 in War Bond purchases for the
Fifth War Loan campaign here
Halt Of this figure, $61 ,625. was pur-
chased by an unnamed member
who had promised to equal In his
subscriptions the total sales Of the
other members.
Declaring that the success Of the
new job-control system which goe,
into effect Saturday will depend
100 per cent" on the understand
ing and cooperation Of business
Arms, Jack Serber. chief Of reports
and analysis for the Washington
Area War Manpower Commission
explained the operation Of the pro-
gram to the club members.
Ernest v. Connolly, acting area
war manpower director, also 4 guest
Evening star., 1944-06-28

speaker. emphasized that the new
program was not 4 "freese" on
labor and was only an extension Of
the old stabilization program.
1t. Henry w. Brown, Arlington
pilot who shot down II Na1 planes
over occupied Europe, was guest of
Evening star., 1944-06-28

morrow aftaFnoon q Catholic Uni-
vsrEty for the bsst childrens book
Of the year. Joseph Lippincott,
Philadelphia publisher Of the book
which won the award, The Secret
Of Pooduck Island" will accept the
Evening star., 1944-06-28

Le1s than half sf the American
people ewn War Bends. suppssing
enly half q eur Army decided -
dSht3 Let's IN Rack the attack
with extra War Bon1s.
Evening star., 1944-06-28

award In Mr.. Noyes' ahsencs.
This event, 1t Z ten IN the Null
len library. will conclude q three.
day meeting OF librarians from
many States for discussions on ele.
mentary school libraries.
Laurel outlook., 1944-09-06
Subscription $3.50 Per Annum in Advance
FOREIGN TRADE A NECESSITY

In discussing the Importance of a nonpartisan plan fol-
trade between nations as the solid foundation for peace, en-
Kansas and Republican nominee for president in 1886, said:
"a lot of people have the mistaken idea that a substantial
portion of our lendlease material will be repaid. Many as
sumo that we can export record-breaklng quantities OF finished
goods to Europe, the Orient and South America and that we
can carry most of our foreign shipments in our own ships and
that while doing all this we can still maintain alright tariff
barriers for the protection of all domestic industry.
"1n foreign trade, a nation gains capital in three ways:
The sale of goods, the sale of services and the receipt of in
come from foreign investments.
Conversely, the nation that habituany enjoys a favor
able balance of trade from everyone is some day going to find
its customers in distress. The time comes when it cannot
continue in foreign trade unless it agrees to purchase more
goods, or more services, or arranges to extend credit to these
customer nations.
Following the first World War;, we were unwilling to
accept large imports. We hiked tariff rates to an alltime
high. Then the monetary devaluatiOn of 1884 had the in
direct effect of raising them still higher. However, we had
to sell abroad so we subsidized our customers with large
credit grants.
"Are we going to make those mistakes again? If we are
to avoid it, we must learn that international trade is a two
way street that can't be blocked at either end without Great
ing a traffic jam.
"Our industrial system, which in its infancy desperately
feared the competition of foreign imports, is now a colossus
hungry for world markets.
"a free and easy Interchange of raw materials and
finished products among all the nations of the world is the
quickest way to world prosperity, and world prosperity is the
number one prerequisite not only for American welfare but
lasting peace. If all parties were to join on that kind of a
foreign plank something worth while might be accomplished.
"We can make our currency the soundest in the world.
We have the largest and most modern merchant marine. We
it is to the interest of the United States to unite with other
nations in a spirit of mutual concessions and mutual re-
sponsibiity in removing economic frctions.
"No system of eXtravagant spending on public works will
bring the prosperity that the waiting markets of the world
will bring.
81 believe this is the only way we can enjoy solid pros
perity, and I believe it is necessary if we are to develop among
the nations of the world the type of social and economic re-
lationships upon which peace ultimately can be based"
Laurel outlook., 1944-09-06
Training Dogs to
Act as Mine Detectors

WASHINGTON, D. C. The army
has found a new use for it's dogs
they are mine detectors.
The nonmetallic land mines, which
cannot be located by mechanical de-
vices, are a specially of these high
ly trained M dogs" the army dis
closed recently, but they find others
too-metallic mines, trip wires and
BOBBY traps.
Working on a six-foot leash, the
animals locate mine fields, lead the
way around them, or points a safe
path through them. AS soon as the
dogs locate the concealed devices,
the mines are removed or de-
~activated, and the cleared path is
marked with tape.
"They have found and indicated
to their masters the presence of
mines that have been buried for
weeks" the army said. "When
trained, the dog cannot be induced
to advance owe any type mine or
trap"
Dogs of different breeds are used.
All are of medium size, weighing As
to IS pounds, and they are selected
on the basis of intelligence, willing
ness to work, quiet nature, and in
difference to distractions. That last
is important.
Laurel outlook., 1944-09-06
Boy, AZ, Devises Defense
Against Nazi Buzz Bombs

NEW YORK. - The similarity of
movement between a garter snake
and an elastic wrist watch band OBJ
served by a 4k-year-old boy may
develop a defense against the Nazi
robot bomb, says the president of a
precision instrument firm.
Mrs. M. H. McNab, president of
McNab, Inc, of Bridgeport, Conn.,,
manufacturers of precision instru-
ments, said at a press conference
that the boy, Frederick Andrus
Gautesen Of Plainfield, N. j., had
discovered an entirely new principle
in physics through chance remarks
to a company mechanic visiting his
home recently.
The child, accompanied by his
mother, Mrs. Virginia Gautesen, at
tended the conference, but did not
participate in discussions.
J. Scott Williams, member of the
board of directors of the company,
said the principle involved ques-
toned Newton's third law of motion
that "every action has an equal and
opposite reaction" However, COM
pany officials would not divulge fur
Their details of the device.
Scientists believe it is sound and
that it is a step in the direction of
.repelling the Nazi robot bomb and
another weapon that may come from
Germany and JAPAN" Mrs. McNab
said.
Mrs. Gautesen said Frederick was
a normal child, but was most OBJ
servant and curious.
Laurel outlook., 1944-09-06
Stern of Destroyer Is
Veteran; Bow Is Rookie

WASHINGTON. The bow of the
destroyer Murphy saw action for the
first time in the invasion of Nor
mandy, but it was the third battle
for her stern.
The Murphy, a veteran of inva-
sions of North Africa, and Sicily,
split in two in a collision last Octo-
Der. The bow sank, the stern was
saved. She was fitted with a new
bow in time to screen troops moving
into Europe.
Laurel outlook., 1944-09-06
Pawnbrokers Find War
Brings Business Boom

PORTLAND, ORE. - Wartime
salaries and increased employ
ment haven't cut down business
in p~awnshops. Most of them re-
ported a so per cent increase over
the pre-war period, with people
continuing to pawn everything
from luggage to glass eyes. Gus
toners part with jewelry first,
then clothing.
Laurel outlook., 1944-09-06

The first business meeting of the
American Legion Auxiliary since
the summer vacation was held Tues
day evening at the home of Mrs.
Lillian Wage with Mrs. Edith
Packard as co-hostess. Reports
were given on the department con-
vention at Helena in July and the
district meeting at Laurel Riverside
park in June.
The unit will have a rummage
sale again this fall, beginning very
soon. So let each of US get what
we have ready to be called for or
take it to the sale room. The To-
cation has not yet been decided on.
The Auxiliary is falling in line
with the Legion in the September
waste paper campaign, urging that
everyone who has any paper to con-
tribute will place it on the sidewalk
in front of their homes to be pick
ed up by the Boy Scouts on Satur-
days, Sept. 8 and 16. Our attention
has been called to the vital need for
100000 tons of waste paper this
year for wars demands. A recent
U. S. government survey shows that
The average home has as much as
1876 pounds of surplus paper-a
SIG pounds. Auxiliary mem
oers will be in step with their re-
percentages.
Laurel outlook., 1944-09-06
Heir PreSumptive

An heir apparent is the actual heir
who will succeed if he outlives the
present occupant of the throne. An
heir presumptive is n whose sue
cession may be broken by birth of
one with superior right to the
throne. Princess Elizabeth is heir
presumptive, as a son born to the
king and queen would outrank her
in succession to the throne.
Laurel outlook., 1944-09-06
First Locomotive

In 1901 one Richard Trevithick be-
gan experiments on more satisfac-
tory methods of transporting coal
and three years later, on February
IS, 1904, the first locomotive made
its ten-mile trip in Cornwall, Eng
land. He built three of these early
locomotives. One, ~engaginly named
"Catch Me Who CAM" created a
sensation when shown in London.
Laurel outlook., 1944-09-06
Good EOrage

One acre of fertile soil, correctly
seeded with the Ladino clover mix
ture or with straight Ladino, pro-
duces enough forage for 1000 or
more birds during a good growing
season.
Laurel outlook., 1944-09-06
iron deserves

China's per capita reserves of iron
are roughly one~seventeenth of the
United States, one-seventeenth of
Russia's, anG one-tenth of the
worlds.
Laurel outlook., 1944-09-06
Take Your Choice

One school of thought would have us beeve that
the postwar hon will b, so radically different as to
Immediately outmode existing homes. Another school
takes the opposite view thtc change will m slowly
will consist mostly of gradual rfnenensa d i'm
movemmts that the modern home will remain IN
changed in its essentials
Probably the truth lies somewhere in between
these two extremes In one thing at least all. schools
of thought are united All think That the home of the
future will have more convenencs, will be equipped
for greater comfort All are agreed that auomat-
cMy controlled heating with no fuel to be. handled by
hand is a must for modern living.
That goal will be easy where natural gas can De
had for heating Users of automatic gas heats enjoy
now, have enjoyed for many years., the full measure
of heating comfort and convenience now held out as
one of the superfeaturs of the postwar superhome
Billings Gas Company
The CIO news., 1944-05-22
In+er-pIan+
Seniority Nov

HagerstOwn, May 13-Guy john
ston, president of Local 472, UFWA-
CIO. announced the signing Of new
contracts with the S & Finishing
Co. and the Maryland Fabricating
Co., the latter Of which contains
provision boosting the starting rate.
Bro. Johnston expressed his ap-
proval of the novel seniority ar
rangement which now exists among
these two companies and the
Station Furniture Co., wherein the
workers are assured jobs before
the company will seek to employ
new help.
Operations are starting up again
at S & S Finishing Company and
the workers who were laid off as a
result Of the Trainer cancellations
are being re-hired strictly on a
seniority basis. A number Of the
War workers have already been
The CIO news., 1944-05-22
Brandt ScuIe Set
Continued from Page ~

NOOnthuuGO ITOn rage ~
will profit by the first summer VI
cation we have had. Now the
Brandt workers have, under the
CIO banner, been raised to the
same level as the fOremen whom
they always envied when the sun,-
mer months rolled around"
The only hitch in the entire ne
gotiation was the retroactive date
of January 1, which the original
committee negotiated. The COM
pany insisted on bringing the start
ing date of the back pay to May,
pointing out that wage negotiations
did not begin until after the new
committee took Office. The Com
mittee valiantly sought to enforce
the January date. but Cancellation
Commissioner Holden. who repre-
sented the Government at this con-
ference, pointed out that the War
Labor Board policy would only
award back pay from the date ac-
tual wage negotiations were COM
menced.
However. Brother Ryerson point
ed out that the present committee
had entered into immediate nego-
tiations as soon as 1t took over
on March 1, and insisted that their
responsibility to the workers re-
quired that the back pay date from
the beginning of the committees
function in the shop. The Com
pany finally acceded to Chris
Ryerson's argument. when COM
missioner Holden sustained the
The CIO news., 1944-05-22

shops. In both cases Mr.. Byron re-
fused q consent election, and both
cases went to a hearing. Both
companies are now engaged in con-
tract negotiations with the CIO,
and the Union finds itself In the
position of doing business with
firms whose labor policies would
have been antiquated even in the
year 1910.
David Byron is unique among
Hagerstown employers in at leas.
one respect, he Is the only one
who doesn't protest his love for
organized labor. But he follows
the same line as some of the other
employers i'm this town who "love
organized labor" in that he re-
minds the Union again and again
that If we persist in bringing the
workers wages up to area levels.
his company will face financial
ruin.
The CIO news., 1944-05-22
Iron Works
Vote Soon

HagerstOwn, May 17-More
than six weeks have elapsed
since the National Labor Rela-
tions Board held a hearing in
the New York Central Iron
Works case, and a decision for
an ordered election is expected
soon, says CIO Field Represen-
tative Robert ]. Brylke.
At the hearing held on March 81,
1914, when the AFL, which claim
ed the bargaining rights. submit
ted their contract to the trial ex-
aminer, his attention was called
to the fact that the AFL Interna-
tional Union had not signed the
contract, nor had any AFL repre-
sentative participated in its nego-
tiation.
Clarence Summers, who was
the AFL shop treasurer, testified
that I'm January Of this year, the
workers felt that there was no
further use In maintaining . un-
Ion treasury, because the ALL
was no longer active in their
shop. As q result Of this the
money was spent because the
workers wanted to start with q
clean slate In the CIO. Mr.. Sum-
mers also testified that not o
single dollar In dues had been
collected since December 194S,
because the workers were tired
of paying tribute to the AFL.
The employer testified that he
had not conducted any negotia-
tions with the AFL in "many
months" and that no grievances
were brought to his attention
through the AFL.
Representative Brylke emphasiz-
ed the fact that although the CIO
had won a minimum wage of IS
cents per hour in its first shop
(Fairchild's) about a year and a
half ago, the AFL consented to a
45 cent per hour minimum wage
in the Iron Works. Its wages
like these that will tend t0 de-
stroy the decent working and liv-
Ing conditions for which the CIO
Is fighting" said Brylke.
The CIO news., 1944-05-22
Colonial
ThruWifhAFL

In the hearing before National
Labor Relations Board Examiner
Earl X. Shaw in the case of the
Colonial Hardwood Flooring Co.,
the AFL representative admitted
May 2 that his organization did not
ask for a vacation with pay and
was not sympathetic to the idea.
Mr.. Dancer, president of the COM
pany, said that his shop had func-
toned just the same after the
union came into it as before; there
were no committees, and no griev-
ances were presented. At the con-
ferences which he held with the
"union boss" E. w. Butler, no
workers were present. said Mr..
Mr.. Dancer.
The AFL contract with this COM
pany expires in August. The
United Furniture Workers of
America, through International
Representative Abe Klein, contends
that there is actually no AFL
union in the shop.
The CIO seeks bargaining rights
on the ground that 81 out of 36
workers in the shop are paying
dues to the CIO while none are
paying to the AFL.
The CIO news., 1944-05-22
Unions position.

Unions position.
In view of the fact that workers
will receive various adjustments of
pay increases which average 7k
cents per hour, the Company re-
quested the Union to agree to a
fiat figure than individual compu-
tations of each worker from March
/ to May /. The Union agreed to
go along with this suggestion when
q careful computation of the figures
showed that this would result in
a more equitable treatment of all
the workers affected by this ar
rangement.
To "Red" wilkins goes the credit
Of establishing the retroactive date
of May /, to be computed after
the $50 payment becomes effective.
Nose accomplished perhaps the
outstanding gain when he obtained
the Company's consent to raise:
~. Filters piece work rates 10
per cent.
(2). Staining piece work rates rs
per cent.
(S). Grating piece work rates 10
per cent.
az. A piece work raise for the
drawer building In the Cabinet
Room. The exact amount will be
agreed upon later.
The CIO news., 1944-05-22
LUG New
AffiIiufes

Cumberland - Rubber Workers
Local 26 voted TO affiliate with the
Maryland Labor Unity Conference
May 4, and elected John Chisholm
and C. ID. Mcintyre as delegates
The same day, the Cumberland
Newspaper Guild, Local 137, also
affiliated and named as its repre-
sentatives Burke p. Brown and
F. DeSales Cook.
The Unity Conference sent
flowers to State Senator Robert b
Kimble, whose parents both died
recently.
MORE FUNDS FOR OPA
More money Is needed IL OPA
regulations are to be adequately
enforced, and this money should
be granted, said w. Henry
Frazier, secretary Of the Western
Maryland Labor Unity Confer
ence, In q letter to the Senate
Banking and Currency Commit
tee.
Business men are now used 70
OPA, and since the recent decision
Of the Supreme Court upholding
price and rent control they do not
seek to overthrow OPA through
court action, the letter indicated.
Instead, we must lay plans for
continuance of price control for
some years after the war. and to
that end must develop a workable
system of enforcement.
The CIO news., 1944-05-22

co. TRIES STRETCHOUT
Last week the Company at
tempted to effect wage cut in
the plant by compelling workers
to increase their hours of work at
the same rate of pay. The Com
pany, when confronted by the C1O
Committee, admitted that there
was no justification for this change
and eliminated the policy OF -
longer day for the same money"
Due to the absence Of Frank
Braunstone, international officer
of the Fur and Leather Workers
Union, Robert ]. Brylke, CIO Field
Representative. acted as spokesman
for the committee. He pointed out
to Mr.. Byron that the Company
had no right to effect any changes
in the working conditions until
and unless these changes had been
negotiated with the Union.
Mr.. Brylke said: "After lengthy
conference with the Company, i
convinced them that II they did not
seek to effect changes In the work.
ing conditions to the detriment OF
the workers, harmonious relation
ships would be maintained between
management and the employees"
Brylke also added that he found
the tannery workers very cooper
ative and union-minded. 81 have
no doubt that we will build q strong
local union with the Williamsp0rt
Tannery workers"
The negotiating committee was
headed by Bill Bowers, president
of the Local Union.
Hagerstown bosses aren't push
overs by any means, and some OF
the lawyers who represent them
in labor negotiations are generally
hard fellows to get along with. but
when the boss and the lawyer are
one and the same person, that is
when the Company gets really
tough. That is the situation the
workers of the Byron Tannery.
David w. Byron, member of the
law firm of Lane, Bushong and
Byron, is also the president of the
Williamsport tannery.
Byron's law firm represents most
of the employers in this area in
labor matters. When the CIO or
ganized the HagerstOwn Shoe e.
Logging Co. and the Williamspor:
tannery. both owned by Lawyer
Byron. the latter made every at
tempt to keep the CIO out of his