davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1944-05-10
Advocates Service Act

To the Editor of The Star:
The taking over of the Montgomery
Ward plant by the government the
forceable election of its board chairman
and subsequent invocation of a court
ruling to sustain this unusual procedure,
has held the news spotlight since its
occurrence-as we'll it should. For.
while the election itself had rather a
buffoon setting (Mr. Avery didn't seem
to mind much having his picture
Took, the real issue, as every thinking
person realizes, goes to the very vitals
of constitutional government and the
right of the government to seize private
property without just compensation
which strictly is inhibited by the Bill of
Rights.
The Attorney General justified the
governments action in this matter.
teven If the Smith Connally Act does
not apply-and it seemingly doesn'D
upon the aggregate of the Presidents
powers as Chief Executive and Com
mander- in Chief" and offered the opin-
ion that "as Chief Executive and Com
mander in Chief" the President lawfully
could take possession of and operate
Montgomery Ward Company-if he. the
President, found it necessary so to do
TO prevent injury to the country's war
effort
Why does a great nation like the
United States of America have to auib-
BILE and dicker with bellicose, and short
sighted intransigeants, when the very
life Of the Nation Is at stake?
Let's place the blame squarely where
it belongs. Had we had national serv-
ice act the President could have told"
Mr.. Avery to comply with the WLB's
directive-not asked" Mr.. Avery to do
so.
WILBUR H. CLOSE.
Evening star., 1944-05-10

leader, is faced with the prospect of
playing relatively minor but by
no means inconsequential role in
the future. 1t is foolish, however,
to suppose that he will meekly
accept seat in the back row. With
the loyal support of the United
Mine Workers, his ace in the hole,
and with District SO, something of
an unknown quantity, Mr.. Lewis is
fully capable of causing his labor
competitors a great deal of trouble,
and in all probability he will spare
no effort to that end.
Evening star., 1944-05-10
Letters to The Star
Union of West Point, Annapolis
Opposed as Unnecessary

To the Editor of The star:
The proposal concerning the union
and consolidation of the United States
Military Academy and the Naval
Academy at the present time is ill
advised and unnecessary. If such a
scheme ever materialized 1t would
prove extremely detrimental to the
spirit, tradition and accomplishment of
both establishments.
These two institutions of learning
for prospective officers of the Army and
the Navy of the United States are
schools in which the philosophy of ira
dition and accomplishment richly is
interviewer. To destroy this individual
spirit and tradition greatly would re-
duce the incentive of prospective of
ficers to make outstanding records and
to look upon their branch of the service
with the same pride and dignity.
The history of West Point and of
Annapolis Is associated directly with
the growth and formation of our ma
tional Government. West Point was
founded in 1902. In 1917, Maj. Sylvanus
Thayer was appointed superintendent,
which post he held until 1888. He Or
ganized the institution on its present
basis. In 1S45, George Bancroft, his
torian and diplomat, was appointed
Secretary of the Navy Through his
exertions, the United States Naval
Ano odanov uos act q h1;cbad ot A~nao.I;.
Md. 1t formally was opened October
10, 1845, with Comdr Franklin Bu-
chanan as first superintendent.
The educational and tecfnlca1 train
ing embodied in the course of study
for prospective officers of West Point
and Annapolis amply qualities them to
fulfil and carry out responsibilities and
assignments in either war or peace. The
purpose and final goal of the several
branches of the armed forces of the
United States is directed toward the
same objective. These several branches
can function more perfectly working as
individual units in their own particular
fields.
Ahe Necessity vi Sucn u union at the
present time is not imperative To
eliminate the individual routine of study
and pride of tradition at West Point
and at Annapolis would be to destroy
the very foundation of the highest quail
ity of ofacer material which has been
proven so essential in the past and is
equally important now.
PHILIP MONTGOMERY GROVE.
Evening star., 1944-05-10
On Going to JoiI

1Ic uiliou FlStoiy III IIlS MOIlt-
gomery Ward employe election and
the Governments consequent return
Of the establishment to its private
owners probably will make it difficult
to obtain a final ruling on the really
important issue in the case-whether
the President acted lawfully in
seizing the mail-order house on the
theory that it is essential to the
conduct of the war.
AS matters stand, it is unlikely
that Wards will be able to proceed
further in the courts. After trying
unsuccessfully for many months to
get court ruling on the extent of
the powers of the War Labor Board,
an effort which the Government
sidestepped by denying that Ward
was threatened with any legal in
jury, the company managed to get
its day in court by virtue of the
seizure Of its Chicago establishment.
Now that the Government has re-
turned the business to its owners
and stepped out of the picture, the
controversy, in the legal sense, has
become moot, and the courts prob
ably will have nothing more to do
with 1t. The congressional inyesti-
cations which have been authorized
may be carried forward, but they
can return no judgment comparable
to that which might have been
obtained in the courts. However, If
these investigations should show
that the President and his advisers
have misconStrued the law In the
Ward case, Congress could remove
all doubt as to the meaning of the
applicable statute, and that would
be some gain. But it cannot bring
the clear-cut ruling on the extent
of the Presidents real and asserted
wartime powers that has become so
eminently desirable as q result of
the high-handed procedures adopted
AL WIZ w alu AlSpuOC.
Mr.. Roosevelt, as is his habit In
situations of this kind, accuses the
press and radio of not making public
the material facts of the Ward con-
troversy. This is a contention which
does not square with the record. and
its lack of validity is best evidenced
by the fact that the President was
unable to cite any relevant aspects
of the case which have not been
fully publicized.
AS the President sees it, the Ward
case is analogous to that of the
citizen who does not want to be
taken to jail. The citizen has the
right to object, Mr. Roosevelt says.
but the policeman can Jail him
nevertheless. That may be true
enough, but it is also true that the
policeman who jails citizen with
out authority of law will soon dis
cover that he can be penalized for
his laWlesS act. The policeman will
be penalized in the courts, and as the
Ward case shows, it sometimes is
difficult to get government into
court. But governments, as the
Ward case also shows, can be penal
lied in the court of public opinion,
and that is what has happened In
this instance. 1t may be hoped
that the penalty has been severe
enough to discourage repetition of
the offenSe.
Evening star., 1944-05-10
Including q Shovel!
From the Topeka Capital.

From the Topeka Capital.
Victory gardeners are the unsung
ground-force heroes of this war. And
what some of them say with groans
as they hold their aching backs is
terrible. They call spade a variety
of names
Evening star., 1944-05-10

Identity him from this description.
In many ways he reminded me OF an
oriole, but he had none of the bright
color
yours truly, w. M. T."
Our correspondents bird is the tow
hee. whose other common name is the
chewink. In some sections he is called
the joree.
A curious fact is that people who
know him as joree often think there Is
no other name for him at ALL But he
has many names, including ground
robin, swamp robin, bullfinch, marsh
robin, bush bird and turkey sparrow
Whatever his name, he is still the
same splendid bird, raking through
leaves for his dinner
This habit OF scratching in perennial
borders is one Of his most characteristic.
No other bird excels him at this except
the fox sparrow.
The two most common names, towhee
and chewink, come from the creatures
call.
''Towhee" is preferred. Still there are
many bird lovers who insist that che
wink" is the better, giving the salient
features OF the call more plainly.
Few birds grow more upon the be-
'holder At first it is realized to be in
teresting, but only time will reveal just
how interesting.
If the bird comes to feeding station
close to window, it will be recognized
for the beauty it is, much more quickly
than if it is seen at some distance.
We once had q towhee winter in the
yard, and come regularly every day to
the feeding station. Looking at it from
distance of just few feet it was easy
TO realize its great beauty.
1t is a rare combination OF colors
which take on q complete something or
other difficult to put into words, per-
haps, but which is felt clearly every
time one looks at the bird.
This precise quality of beauty is not
possessed by most birds. The wood
thrush has it, and the female of the car
dinal And there are others, but none
has it more than the towhee
Several reports have come to this COL
umn of coWbirdS coming to yard
shortly after a towhee shows up.
There is reason in this. The towhee's
nest is the favorite place for the cow
bird to put its eggS
Inc blrd nests on the ground, usually
laying four white eggs, tinted pale pink
The top of the nest seldom comes above
the surface of the ground
When the nest is invaded. the parent
birds appear to pay no attention. Orni-
biologists cannot agree whether this
shows method or madness
The parasitic cowbird usually lays but
one egg in another birds nest, but in the
nest of the towhee 1t will place from
two to six eggs. These eggs are smaller
than those of the towhee, and do not
have the pink tint.
Towhee nests In which Ave OF six cow
bird eggs have been laid usually are
deserted, and this appeals to most find
ers' sense of justice.
1t is just another indica ton that the
towhee is an unusually intelligent bird
1t is impossible to watch it for any
length OF time without feeling that 1t
is a rare specimen both as to sheer
beauty and brains.
The song of the towhee, as distin-
| guished from its call, has been put into
| Syllables as chuck burr, pil-a-w villa
villa will" /" and hip you he he he he -
| Take your choice. The first is by Ernest
| Thompson Seton and the second by
Henry DAVID Thoreau.
Evening star., 1944-05-10
This and That
By Charles r. TraceDeH.
YER >PLANCK PLACE.

II
Dear Sir:
I'VE had a new customer at our feed
ing station this morning. He came very
early, about $50 o'clock, just after day
light.
"He was about the size OF robin. His
head was black and his neck was black.
He had q long tail not unlike that Of
the cardinal
His wings were black but he had
white feathers at the base of his wings
His breast was gray, but the sides were
q bun, about the color Of robin.
II hope have given you an accurate
description of him, and that you can
identify him from this description
I'm many ways he reminded me OF an
oriole, but he had none of the bright
color
yours truly, w M T."
The union times., 1944-05-27
social secIrity for alI

 national scale The other overlapping the charter details the safeguards for labor which the L. O. will seek have included the peace treaty after this war
 the second the of the U delegates Perhaps outstanding principle Philadelphia head of the list specified that Tabor commodity wi but that they beings with aspirations That phrase has long history The late Samuel Gomper mental getting included the Clayton Act by Congress 1914 make clear that the Sherman Anti Trust Act legitimate activities of organized labor ough reactioay later distorted the intent of the Clayton law).
 ompes also fought to have the phrase made of the after the first World War; but the late Lord Bao believed se for getting emascad read labor shall be regarded merely Another principle against With nrg vgor each nation and by continuous and concerted in
 Peace Based on Social Justice Lasting the charter stressed % be established based social uce To attain at the conference record opportunity regardless race Full employment and higher standards of living
 just share to workers of the wealth they produce. Efectue recognition of the right of collective Cradle the grave social security include adequate child welfare maternity protection and other safeguards all and financial the standards and security of the common people
 Social Order
 In the program it felt should De included the peace treaty after the United Nations win build Charter agreed to b President @ Roosevelt w and P Minister % m rsh This resolution proposed the that each tonal expann produc- ton employment and consumption of goods" useful and regular employment persons work at fair wages and under reasonable conditions"
 Other Safeguards
 Also they would establish minimum standards prevent expota- ton old penon compensation during injury; earnings sufficient for adequate nutrition housing care and education and other measures to improve the lot of those who toll,
 Another section forth principles the standards people dependent territore set up to to see that these principles adhered
 Just before the curtain fell the resolution urging that all possible steps taken immediately after the war to renaOae the nations devastated by Axis occupation
The union times., 1944-05-27
Customers Told
 To Be Polite To Workers-Or Else
Laundry Makes Desperate Try To Keep Employees
 On Job

WASHINCTON-In a desperate attempt to keep workers on the job in the suffering laundry business. one big Washington plant has served an ultimatum on its custO- mers to be nice to its employees or go wash their own shirts.
 The Washington Laundry, with a big downtown plant and more than a dozen branches in neighborhoods and suburban towns, put form let ter in bundles stating its case:
 "One of the reasons we are unable to keep employees is due to customers making minor complaints, also de- 1nanding too much. We know from experience that 9096 of claims re- ceived are not justified. We find in a great many instances complaints are caused by customers sending articles that have been worn out and when they have been laundered and re- turned, customer makes claim for loss or damage. This practice must be discontinued.
 ''AnOther matter which we would like to bring to your attention is the discOurteOus manner in which some customers speak on the tele. phone to our employees pertaining to adjustments; this is another req. son why we are unable to keep ena. plOyes; they refuse to do business with people over the telephone who talk i'm this manner. We must de. mand your cooperation
The union times., 1944-05-27
9 Cities Schedule Important Picture

COnnecticut's nine central labor unions have each voted to devote an evening to the presentation of ''Actual War Scenes," motion picture made by the US. Government. and restricted to showing be- fore audiences composed of the members of organized labor.
 New Haven leads off with its program arranged for Thurs day, June 1, at 8 PM. There will be a brief speaking program, with addresses to be given by John J. Murphy, New England Regional Director of the Ameri- can Federation of Labor, and John J. Egan, secretary of the Conn. Federation of Labor. The same program will be followed throughout the state.
 STATE SCHEDULE
 Dates of the showing of the film before the various central labor bodies are as follows:
 New Haven-Labor Temple, l37 Coffe Street, June l.
 Hartford-LabOr Temple, 97 Park Street, June 2.
 Bridgeport - Carpenters Hall. 3O6 Fairfield Avenue, June IA.
 New London-Carpenters' Hall Broad Street, June Is.
 Waterbury = Garden Hall, l68 East Main Street, June 16.
 Meriden = United Automobile Workers Hall, B State Street June 19.
 New Britain = Labor Temple 434 Main Street, June 2l.
 South Norwalk - Hatters' Hall 29 North Main Street, June 2.
 Danbury - Hatters' Hall. 3Ol Main Street, June 28.
 In each city it is planned to have the meeting end no later than 1C P. M. John H. Van Vaerenewyck ALL, of the War Finance Com mittee, is arranging the meetings and the president of the central bo- dies will preside. There will be nc War Bond solicitation.
The union times., 1944-05-27
AFL Wins Election At Pratt Whitney

KANSAS CITY = Obtaining the votes of almost 67 per cent of the workers at the huge Pratt & Whitney airplane engine plant here, which will eventually employ more than 35,0O0, the International Association of Ma chinists won a significant NLRB election from the CIO which re- ceived only 25 per cent of the votes.
 The AFL organizing campaign at the plant, which was crowned with victory, was joint effort in which the Building Trades Council, the Cen tral Labor Union and AF'L staff or ganizers united with LAM organizers to enlist support of the workers.
The union times., 1944-05-27
45 Mine Workers
 Officials Resign

SPRINGFIELD, Ill.-In move ment to regain autonomy within Illi- nois Dist. 12, United Mine Workers, Pres. Ray Edmundson has been joined by A other office and field workers in presenting mass resignations to UNIV Pres. John L. Lewis.
 Edmundson termed the resignations as a step ito restore democratic gov ernment within the district. We want to elect our own officers who are now appointed by Lewis" Among the 45 resigning are Illinois officials in Dist. 50, which includes UNIV members outside the coalhelds.
The union times., 1944-05-27

Token adherence to the anti Nazi cause is insufficient evidence of friendship for the demOcracies {; token support of the war effort at home is inadequate proof of gen. uine patriotism.
The union times., 1944-05-27

the they paper they on followed the Noneteess they mark advance and stressed by Nash they
 
 abolish and the living standards peoples. Of documents Philadelphia forth the goals which the
The union times., 1944-05-27
ILO Takes Strong Stand On Labor Rights; War on Want
Declaration by Secretary Perkins and Senator Thomas For Better Social Order Supplements
 Philadelphia Charter"

FTER four weeks tetve discussion the International Labor Or wound world conference Philadelphia with
  which abors rights called for against differences delegates sought have sections off
The union times., 1944-05-27

O I later conference Australian delegates the other hand fought pfrasing.
 Eventually the changes original drafts unanimously delegates nations senng employers and labor Of As Walter Zealands chair
The union times., 1944-05-27

Buying War Bonds assures se- curity for the country today and the family tomorrow.
The union times., 1944-05-27
Better Shoes
(Continued from Page One)

Continued from Page One) committee in Washington, however 1t reversed its position and accepted what it called a voluntary program to increase the wear of shoe soles through treatment with oil or other equivalent materials.
 The basic idea of the new treat ment is that soaking the leather with lubricating agents such as the special oil and wax, reduces the internal friction between the flores of the leather. Also, treated soies tend to keep out water and dirt.
The union times., 1944-05-27
Conn., Central Labor Bodies See Sound Film Of War Scenes
Time-And-A-Half Earnings Contributed To Red Cross

Members of Local 2712, Lumber & Sawmill Workers (AFL), in Corva1- lis, Ore, talked it over and decided they weren't doing enough to help win the war by simply breaking lum- Der production records. So they spent one Saturday afternoon working over time and donated their time-and-a- half earnings to the Red Cross. The total came to $702.31.
 The last two figures are just a CO., incidence, of course, but the local has 31 members in the armed forces.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-04-09
HasaCitu to Himself

chats Halves again. is a
kind of cracker barrel phi
losopher. He rcckons he'll
be "settin' purity when the
new boom comes"
At the turn Of the cen
tury, the Idaho community
was a typical wide-open
Western mining town. The
place more or less collapsed
in 1910 when the mighty
Trade Dollar Mine closed.
Since then the population
has steadily q win q lie q
Johnson'S recent departure
marking the next 10 the
last inhabitant 10 leave.
In its time, the settle.
ment was one Of the most
important in the West, and
historical records credit it's
near by gold and silver
mines with saw IN & the
United States from a finan.
cial collapse after the raw
ages Of the Civil War.
Today the town consists
Of nothing but row after
row Of deserted buildings
and the optimistic HAYES.
"Some day Silver City
will boom again." he en-
Enthusiastically tells all visi-
tors. Il know these hills
like a book and have some
likely spots marked. There's
still a lot Of possibilities for
this country"
Unlike Johnson, Halves
isn't lonely. In summer he
contentedly prospects for
silver in the near by hills,
and in the winter he thinkers
with an automobile he
started building seven years
a 2 Ga bug" fashioned
along the lines of a 1915
racing car, and powered by
a l6.horsepower motorcycle
cHrinc.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-04-09

HAYES, who assumed the
title OF Mayor OF Silver
City" has been around the
! iaho town a long time
long enough 10 see it
change from a roaring
camp Of 10000 population
TO a onc.man hamlet.
Despite Johnson's depaT-
ture, Police Chief Halves
Che's that, too is going 10
stay right on. He's firmly
convinced that Silver City,
a boom town Of the early
1905. will some day make
a smashing comeback.
Silver City's Secretary Of
the Chamber OF Commerce
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-04-09

-HE town OF Silver City,
Idaho, recently lost
y half Of its population
overnight h en- 7l-year-
old Carl Johnson packed his
bags and moved out.
ITS too dern lonely and
spooky." he explained. Il
can't stand il any longer.
SO I'm BLOWN town"
Johnson's decision TO quit
the place leaves 67.year-old
William HaWcs the other
half OF the population as
the lone resident. and puts
him in a class by himself
as Americas most exclusive
citizen.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-04-09
Smile; HMM/Smile !
Let your smile win you friends
and happiness. Help keep it sparkling
with Ipono and Massage.

TAKE HEART plain girl-and 5milei The pop
l. ular girl isn't always the best-looking one
Charm and personality takes az many bouquets
as beauty-dnd bright, flashing, heart-w inning
smile can be your talisman to charm.
SO Biie PLAIN girl, smile Not a shy, timid
smile-that fades almost before it's born Bur
big, appealing smile that turns heads captures
heartS-thats an invitation TO romance,
For that kind of a smile you need bright
sparkling teeth. But remember. sparkling teeth
depend so largely on firm, beaiiby gums
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-04-09
Don't ignore Pink Tooth Brush"

If you see pink" on your tooth brush, see ,oHy
dentist lie may say your gums have become
tender, robbed of exercise by soft foods And,
like many dentists, he may suggest the helpful
stimulation of lpana and massage"
For Ipana not only cleans your teeth but. with
massage it IS designed to aid the gums Massage
a little extra Ipana onto your gums every time
you clean your teeth. Circulation increases in
the gums, helps them 10 new frmness
Let Ipana and massage help you TO hrmer
gums, brighter teeth, more attractive smile.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-04-30
CHICAGO GRAIN

CHICAGO, April 20 Up Clear
weather over most of the corn
belt and increasing tension regard
ing the approaching Europena in
vasion combined to produce low
err grain market today. With the
exception of July rye, which dis
played Independent strength, all
active contracts closed with frac-
tional losses.
The clear weather was expected
to enable farmers to catch up on
spring farm work and to offer
more corn bookings today were
placed at $4,000 bushels, a fairly
large total for Saturday and some
of the grain was said to have come
from Iowa. Traders noted, how
ever, that showers were forecast
for the weekend.
May wheat. oats and barley held
at ceilings. Other wheat contracts
were off 1-8 to IL, July $1.70 Ia
to 1-8, oats down 1-8 to IA, July
70 "a, Barley IA to lower, July
higher, May $129 ga to 7-8. A
fair trade was conducted in May
wheat with offerings coming from
a leading local trader.