davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1944-09-01
UNITED NATIONS FOOD
AGRICULTURE BODY is
PROPOSED

Provision on worldwide scale
or an agricultural census, year
book of agricultural statistics, an in
International authority to supply ag-
icultural credit, study of the
worlds fishery resources and re-
,earch into agricultural problems
hat follow no national boundary
.ines-all these are contemplated in
he Food and Agriculture Organiza-
ion of United Nations, formation of
which has been recommended to the
A Governments that participated in
the United Nations food conference
IN June, 1913.
The international organization was
proposed in a recent report by the
interim Commission on Food and
Agriculture. which was appointed
following the United Nations food
conference. In it's report the commits
sion pointed out the need for early
action. 'In the period Immediately
following the cessation of hostilities
there will be many serious problems
in nutrition, food and agriculture,
in many parts of the world, calling
Urgently for solution"
There will be both need and OPP
jortunity for the kind of information
IL advice and influence FAC could
PROVIDE" the commission added
Tie proposed Food and Agricul-
,ure Organization of United Nations
would consider food and agriculture
in the broad sense-including fish
cries, marine products, forestry, pri-
mary forestry products, fibers and
other non-food agricultural products
Citing reasons for inclusion of for
estry in its plans, the commission
called attention to the % per cent
IF the land surface of the earth that
forests occupy. Forests play large
part in soil conservation. A signifi-
cant part of the forest land is own
ed or operated by farmers and farm
ers are among the larger users of
forest products.
Among non-food agricultural pro-
ducts of Importance included in the
reports are fibers-such as cotton,
wool, linen, silk, hemp, jute and sis
al-hides, skins, furs, beverages, to-
bacco, and oils and fats used in
paints and soaps. ''It is Characters
tic" of most of these products, the
commission pointed out, that their
markets are international in scope"
International consideration of fish,
cries is important, the commission
said, because fish, in their migrations
among the waters of the world "have
no regard for national boundaries"
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1944-09-01
BENEFIOLARIES UNDER SOCIAL
INSURANCE SYSTEM

Figures released by the Social Sc
half the money that is now being
paid to beneficiaries under the Old
Age and Survivors Insurance pro-
gram is going to retired workers and
their families. OF the 100000
that is paid out every month in bene-
fits under this system, $9,S64, 900
goes to retired workers past SIS years
of age who have qualified for month
ly benefits. Some Assoc retired
workers are now drawing monthly
payments of Old-Age Insurance and
1872, 900 of them have wives SIS years
old or more who likewise receive
monthly payments. Many of these re-
tired workers have children, step
children or adopted children who
also receive monthly payments un-
der this insurance program.
Mr.. William M. Donlin, manager
of the local field Office of the Social
Security Board said that of the mil
lion persons, in the United States,
now receiving monthly payments of
Old-Age and Survivors Insurance
500 of them are men and women IS
years old or more. In addition to tie
retired workers, and the wives of re
tired workers mentioned above there
are $4,000 aged widows of deceased
workers, and $500 aged parents of
deceased workers who also receive
monthly payments.
Beside the many older men and
women who benefit under this pro-
gram there are 288,00O children and
10000 widows with young children
who receive regular monthly pay
ments under the Old-Age and Surviv-
ors Insurance system. Some of these
are the children, step-children or
adopted children of retired workers;
but most of them are survivors of
young workers who have died since
monthly benefits became payable.
(January /, 1940). Mr.. Donlin said,
THAT widow with the children of a
deceased wage Garner in her care,
may claim monthly benefits for her
self and for the children, regardless
of her age. Residents of Baltimore
City and Anne Arundel, Baltimore,
Cecil, Hartford and Howard counties
who have reason to believe that they
are entitled to Old-Age or Survivors
Insurance benefits should write or
call TIE local field Office of the Social
Security Board, located at 80 South
Street, Baltimore-2, Maryland. There
is no charge whatever for services
rendered by an Office of the Social
Security Board.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1944-09-01
4,446 STRIKES MAR FIRST YEAR
UNDER LABOR DISPUTES ACT

In a years operation of the wal
labor disputes (Smith- Connally) act,
designed to end wartime work stop
pages, 4,446 strikes have occurred.
The greater number of these have
been of the impromptu variety, of
which the act takes little account.
Most wartime strikes are, relative
ly, of the spontaneous variety. Few
OF them, like the coal strikes, follow
the peacetime formula where a
strong union leadership cody plans
to close down plant the day the
contract expires if demands for new
contract are not met.
The spontaneous strikes are tied
to emotions and tempers involving
the boss or the government, but
sometimes are the result of local Ia
Dor politics and rivalries, or ambi-
tious, irresponsible, local leadership,
In any event, these strikes are not
calmly considered 80 days in advance
either by the leaders or the rank and
file. The law says that representa-
tives of the employees shall notify
three federal agencies of dispute
and that for 80 days thereafter pro
duction shall not be interrupted. On
the tkirtieth day the employees are to
vote on whether they want to strike.
What actually happened?
Up to July l "a year and five days
after the law was enacted), 1903!
strike-election notices were filed with
the National Labor Relations Board
More than three-fourths of these
were withdrawn before the end of the
30-day period. The NLRB conducted
232 polls. A majority voted to strike
in all but Al of these elections.
DR.. John R. Steelman, director of
the U. S. Cancellation Service, has
observed, however, that strikes fol-
lowing such elections are very infre.
quent. 'Those who use that proce-
dure," he says, generally weren't
going to strike in the first place. The
real strikes are emotional"
Compared with the 1859 notices
fled and 1911 strikes approved by
NLRB ballot under IL months of the
law, 4,446 strikes actually occurred.
Even If the strikes were not spon-
taneous. there is virtually nothing to
compel the fling of 3O-day notice.
No criminal penalty is provided An
employer or the government may file
a civil suit and try to collect dam
ages, butt few, If any, such suits have
been filed.
When plant or property is in the
hands of the government, that's a
different story. The criminal provi-
sions of the law then become opera
tive. U S. attorneys have completed
10 proceedings against Sc defendants
all Of them involving coal mining In
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1944-09-01

The Scottish RiteNews Bulletin
for many months has been stressing
the point that in the field of public
education the states are best fitted
both financially and morally, to care
for their own institutions, to educate
their own children, to maintain and
control both the educational systems
and the educational funds.
TIE public press reveals that there
is more and more leaning to this
point of view with regard to the free,
unsupported public schools. Also,
press reports indicate that there is a
general trend in many quarters to-
ward TIE conviction that the individ-
ual states are capable of controlling
their own affairs in other fields.
There are signs, too, of rebellion
against federal interference on sew
eral fronts, which is part and parcel
of the same problem.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1944-09-01
The Line Is Stretching

Demands for wage increases con-
tinue over the country, and so do
strike threats. 1t is very difficult for
the National Administration to
"hold the line" and keep the Little
Steel formula in operation. A half
dozen Government bureaus and agen-
cies are resisting unreasonable de-
mands of labor leaders for increased
wages-at least until after election.
So far, the White House has been
very reluctant to take any action to
prevent, or stop strikes, but the
President actually has interfered sue
cessfully in rare instances.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1944-09-01

NE FREQUENTLY hear farm
w ers raise the question as to
whether or not they should buy
War Bonds as long as they are in
debt. The answer to this question
should depend in large measure
upon the nature of the debt and
whether or not it is current. If part
of it is past due, and the borrower
expects to experience difficulty in
meeting past due payments, he
probably should bring his debt into
current position before investing
in Bonds. If, however, his pay
ments are current, there seems to
be no reason why farmers should
not buy as many Bonds as they
are able. Most Individual invest
ors in government Bonds are car
rying debt in one form or an
other, at rates higher than the
Bonds will yield. This is as it
should be if the purchaser is in an
earning position which permits the
accumulation of some surplus, for
we all owe it to our government
to do our utmost in the financing
of the war, even though the trans
action may result in our paying
some extra interest on outstand-
ing debts.
When farmer owes money, he
is always concerned as to whether
his crops will sell at prices which
will enable him to repay his debt.
When prices are high it is good
business and conservative finance
to reduce the debt as rapidly as
possible because when prices are
low, it takes more crops and more
efforts to make the payments.
We should not forget, how
ever, that government Bond
will pay off an equal amount
of dollars Of debt, no matter
whether prices are high or
whether prices are low. 1t is.
therefore, a sound and con-
sentative practice to buy gov
eminent Bonds and lay them
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1944-09-01
The Farmer and War Bonds
by Mr.. A. 5. Goss
Master Of the National Grange

aside to make payments on
existing debts when they fall
due. In fact, quite aside from
the patriotic appeal, it is good
business to buy Bonds rather
than make pfe-payments on
debt, because the time may
come when the ready cash is
needed and the money tied up
in pre-payments cannot be re-
turned. If this money is in
vested in Bonds, it can be con-
verted into cash to meet any
needs which may arise.
If everyone followed the policy
of buying no War Bonds until their
debts were paid, few Bonds would
be sold to the public. We have an
obligation to help finance this war
which is vastly more important
than the income we may receive
on the investment of money in
War Bonds.
Farmers are finding it impossi-
BILE to maintain their machinery
and buildings in a satisfactory
state of repair. They are finding
that they cannot replace WORKOUT
equipment except at excessively
high cost.
1t would seem to be sound
and conservative business
practice to lay aside money
to make the repairs and re-
place wOrn-Out equipment
when material and machines
are again available. No safer
place can be found to lay aside
money for such purposes than
in government Bonds.
Every time we buy a Bond we
are not only assisting in financing
the war, but we are also doing our
bit to prevent that most dreaded
economic disaster called imitation.
If each one of us would invest as
much as we could in government
Bonds, the danger of imitation
would be greatly reduced.
U. S. Treasury Department
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1944-09-01
THE PRICE OF A LASTING
WORLD PEACE
Rev. B. F. Bucd, RAM.
Greeley, Colo.

Greeley, Colo.
The United States is paying the
price of military victory with mil
lions of men, billions of dollars,
tanks, airplanes, gums, hospitals,
pensions, interest and national debt
for hundred years. The United
States at the end of this war will be
the strongest military power Of the
world, with its army, navy and> air
forces. 1t may be thought powerful
enough to take the lead in enforcing
peace among the nations But the
history of the world tells us that
great military power of conquering
nation has never been able to enforce
lasting peace.
The price of a military victory will
never pay the price of lasting peace.
The price is costly. Are .tte people
of the United States willing to pay it?
Are we willing to apply the Golden
Rule in our business relations with
other nations? "And as We would thai
men should to you, do We also also
to them likewise" (Luke 6:31). Are
we willing to consider our obligations
to other nations as we'll as our
rights? Shall we continue to say to
other nations we will buy your raw
material at our price and sell pou
manufactured goods at our price?
Are we willing to be big brother to
small nations, helping them to win
peace, justice and freedom for them
selves?
True greatness of a country lies
in its moral and spiritual character
rather than in armies and navies. Do
we have that true greatness and are
we willing to show kindness, live,
forgiveness and Justice in our rela-
tions to all other nations and races
of the world?
A lasting peace can be made only
in the hearts of the peoples of all
nations. 1t cannot be made around
any peace table by politicians and
war lords. The Sword of the Spirit
must be used instead of tanks and
bombing planes in making a world
peace.
The bigness of the war power of
the United States, with it's warships,
airplanes, army, navy and Industrial
plants, is an asset and a liability in
making world peace. 1t may be-
come one of the feared nations of
the world, suspected and mistrusted
as other great powers of history have
been, or it may be leader among
the nations of the world in making
lasting world of peace.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1944-09-01
DEEP VS.. SHALLOW FLOWING

Flowing has been part of the far
mer's hard tasks from Biblical times
on down, and now comes Edward H.
Faulkner of Ohio, with book EMIT
led "Plowman's Folly" published by
tke University of Oklahoma Press,
in which he relates his success with
the disk-harrow instead of the deep
furrow moldboard pillow.
Mr.. Faulkner used to work in the
United States Department of Agri-
culture. Then he went farming on his
own. His arguments for the advans
tages of the disk harrow are based
on his own experience. He holds,
that, like weeds, crops take root near
the surface of the soil, and, there
fore, fertilization should be near the
surface, but that deep-furrow pillow
ing drives manure and vegetation
down several inches into the ground
where it acts as a sponge to absorb
the moisture and thus retards, and
sometimes prevents, the correct cap
Hilary action of the water In addition
he urges that pulverizing the top
soil results in its dissipation by wind
or by erosion.
Prof. Emil Truog of the Wisconsin
College of Agriculture answers Mr..
Faulkner's thesis in an article in the
July issue of "Harper's Magazine.
Professor Truog takes TIE position
that the majority of crops are not
as shallow rooted as Mr. Faulkner
says, that the plowed-under vegeta-
ton and manure absorbs only an in
significant amount of moisture, and
that retarded capillary action of the
evaporation would take place too
rapidly On the question of erosion,
Professor Truog comedies that there
are places where surface turning
over of the soil is advantageous, such
as hillsides, and in the dust bowl,
yet, with these exceptions, he holds
that moldboard deep-furrow blowing
which results in pulverizing the soil
makes for better seed beds.
Professor Truog observes that, sit
10 NV plOWAhGD O0L lCAAONoA VI tO6S-
tation, that causes depletion; if no
vegetation is removed, the soil re-
tains it's fertility. That is the ABC of
agriculture.
Mr.. Faulkner's contention appears
to be that only by disk narrowing
can one prevent the removal of vege-
tation which is so vital to the pre-
vention of soil erosion.
Clearly these are technical ques-
lions upon which only experts can
intelligently pass judgment, and per-
haps experience will show in this in
stance as in so many cases in other
fields of effort, that one method is
best for a given locality land set of
circumstances and the other method
for different locality and different
conditions,
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1944-09-01
CHRISTIAN SCIENCE SERVICES

Man" will be the subject of the
Lesson-Sermon in all Churches of
Christ, Scientist, ON Sunday, Sept 8.
The Golden Text will be from
Psalms IS: 1, 4-"Praise waiteth
for thee, o God, in Zion :. Bless
ed is the man whom thou chooseth,
and causeth to approach unto thee,
that he may dwell in thy courts"
Among the citations comprising
the Lesson-Sermon will be the fol-
lowing from the Bible-Isaiah 43:6
81 will say to the north, give up;
and to the south, keep not back;
bring my sons from far, and my
daughters from the ends Of the
earth"
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1944-09-01

Two reasons for the coal shortage
are the loss of the younger miners to
the war and to industry, thus rails
ing The age of the average miner
from 80 to As years, and the $4,000
reduction in the total number of
miners, the Solid Fuels Administra-
ton says.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1944-09-01

The U. S.. farm mortgage debt out
standing January /, 1914. is estima-
ted by the Buerau of Agricultural
Economics, to be $952,0O0,OOO less
than it was four years before.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1944-09-01

Double the amount of labor neces-
sary to harvest the annual wheat
crop was lost year through farm ac-
cidents, according to TIE Department
of Agriculture. These accidents took
toll a of 10000 lives.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1944-09-01

LaGuardia criticizes egg storage
policy of the Government. He doesn't
know all of the secrets Of the COM
ing campaign,
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1944-09-01

PAW has reduced regular" gaso-
line from ~ to 20 octane in order
to help meet military requirements
for 1O0-octane aviation gasoline.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1944-09-01

Pennsylvania, Kentucky, and Ohio.
Convictions were obtained against "a
of the So, although in only one case
was a defendant required to serve
time in Jail.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1944-09-01

Looks as though nobody will have
to go very far to see this years
World Series, provided he lives near
st. Louis.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1944-09-01

Navy will release some of its sur
plus medicine. The war news is so
good the public can take it.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1944-09-01

German admiral a suicide. Now
that Hitler has finished with the gen.
erals the adirals are next on the hist.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1944-09-01

Work loss in Philadelphia is 500,-
900 man hours due to the recent
strike.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1944-09-01

Senator Mcclellan wants more
bases, and not home ones,
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1944-11-03
$4,000 worth of smoke


You don't do II with hoy, brofherg
1t costs $4,000 good hard American
dollars to lay smoke screen on 20
mile beachhead for single hour.
Worth it?
What would you think if you knew
your life depended on reaching that
beach without being spotted by the
enemy?
You'd be mighty glad that = in this
war = everything is being done to give
the American soldier the best possible
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1944-11-03

chance to live and win. money no
object.
You woUldn'f have n otherwise,
would yov7
Then remember = you've got to do
your part by buying and holding War
Bonds. Your dollars are needed to help
lay the smoke screen. . provide the
"softening up" bombardment. .Aatten
the deadly pill-boxes.
That's what your War Bond money
does right now.
And in the future it will do still more
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1944-11-03

...both for you and for your Country.
War Bonds are your safest, and smart
est, investment. In ten years, they'll
bring you back four dollars for every
three you put in. And that money will
mean purchasing power. ;. for you. It'll
mean jobs and a healthier economy in
America.
So buy more Bonds than you've been
buying. Buy more than you think you
can afford.
They help toward a quicker Victory
-. and happier peacetime for you.
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1944-12-30
.0pA CHARGES TWO
WITH FAKE GAS COUPONS

Criminal information charging
two Dayton men with buying and
selling counterfeit gasoline ration
stamps was filed in Federal district
court here yesterday by the Office
of Price Administration (OPA).
The information named William
z. Weaver, Al Kinnard street, and
"Smitty" Wells, SIT South Perry
street. They will be arranged before
Judge Robert R. Nevin, January 3.
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1944-12-30
POLICE CHIEF WARNS
AGAINST Street PLAY

Urging parents to keep children
from shedding and skating in the
streets, Police Chief r. F. Wurst-
ner, stated yesterday that this has
become a major problem.
Captain Paul J. Price of the traf-
fic bureau said that 16 children
had been injured in coasting and
skating accidents in the past three
weeks.
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1944-12-30
5000 Children Happy

Five thousand toys were distrib-
uted needy children by the Junior
Association of Commerce, Everett
L. Dozier, chairman Of the commit
tee handling the toy projects report
ID yesterday. The toys were pro-
,ided by citizens contributions to
he Mile o. Dimes.
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1944-12-30
TRUCK OPERATORS NEED NOT
Renew CERTIFICATES

The Office of Defense Transpor-
tation, yesterday, stated that GER
tificates of war necessity issued to
these operators are good indefinite
ly until cancelled and need not be
renewed every year.
Under the present ODT regula-
tions, operators do not have their
certificates reissued unless they
plan to alter the character of serv-
ice they are now performing or the
territoies for which they are now
serving.
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1944-12-30
URBAN LEAGUES

the bulletin said. The local inter-
racial organization is as wide and
varied in composition as the league
itself. It is composed Of young
people of all races, Of all creeds and
nationalities, of all social and eco
nomic backgrounds" This organi-
zation has been founded upon the
concept that "if you don't reach the
young people with your cause-that
cause is lost"
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1944-12-30

AT THE THEATERS
PALACE, Stranger in tn e
Night" and Shutdown Valley" also
Desert Hawk" serial.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-10-16


tramck. DENLY and Northwestern
suffered the same fate 50 early IN
the campaign and in the same
week.
Mackenzie beat Cooley, 1943
champion. 1912. Highland PARK
trimmed the Cosmos. 1916 North
ern upset DENLY Ga. and Chad
sen. Saturday. put the skids TO
Northwestern, 10.
L.. OF D. High, meanwhile, re-
malned the only unscored on
eleven with a 27-0 victory over
Central. Pershlng bowled over
Eastern, 26-6, for its second
straight.
Pershing is riding the east side
top alone behind the leadership
Of IFS new coach. Mike Haddad,
but the Doughboys, though pow
erful. have yet 10 meet the chal-
lenccs of Hamtramck and DENLY,
as we'll AS Northeastern and
Southeastern before the league
campaign is over.
Mackenzie likewise can't afford
10 relax despite its impressive VIC
tory over the Cardinals. The
Stays remaining west side foes