davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1944-05-18
Detroit War Plants
Make Preparations II
Resume Production
Coils Are Going Out
To $1,000 Made Idle
By Foremen's Strike
By the Associated Press.

DETROIT, May 18.-Michi-
Igan's major labor dispute ap-
peared settled, at least tempo
rarily, today as the first of ST.
900 war production workers
made idle by a strike of $500
foremen began receiving calls to
return to their jobs.
How soon the long assembly lines
at the 13 affected plants would be
moving at full speed remained in
doubt, but preparations were being
made for an early resumption of
production of aircraft parts and
other war materials which Army
and Navy officials have termed vital
to maintenance of schedules on the
fighting fronts.
The tie-ups occasioned by the
foremen's strike was only a part of
the disturbed labor situation in
Michigan, unrelated disputes having
raised the total of war production
idle to 72,0OO
Elsewhere in the country, strikes
had more than 10000 workers out,
but this situation also was clearing
Vote Almost Unanimous.
The decision to end the three
week foremens strike was reached
last night at six separate chapter
meetings of the Foreman's Associa-
ton of America, with which the
striking foremen are affiliated. The
action was taken on instructions
from Robert H. Keys, national pres
ldent of the independent union.
Alter a tWo-hour hearing in Wash
lngton, MI. Keys asked William
Valance, national FAA vice pres
ldent, to call the chapter meetings
In Detroit. The latter said the vote
to return was almost unanimous.
Mr.. Keys, summoned to the hear
ing by the War Labor Board, was
warned by its chairman, William
H. Davis, that "if you take on the
United States Government in time
OF war, you are licked" Urging the
1oremen to end the strike and then
come before the board with their
grievance over union recognition
Chairman Davis told Mr.. KEYS that
continuance would handicap YOUR
self by putting the United States
Government on the other fellows
| side. The National Labor Relations
Board has denied the foremen the
assistance of the Wagner Act which
is extended to unions generally.
Calling the strike "one of the
most serious Setbacks the air force
has had since its inception" Henry
II. Arnold said he was not interested
IN the merits of the dispute, but
pointed out that the war production
involved was so essential its stop
page might even affect invasion
operations.
Influenced by WLB Attitude.
MIR. Keys said the unions decision
was not influenced by the testimony
of Gen. Arnold or other military
leaders, but by the attitude of the
WLB, which we feel is favorable"
Management spokesmen for the
six companies affected estimated
that at least a half million man.
days of labor already have been
lost by the dispute and predicted
that many more would be lost be-
fore full production is resumed.
officials of the Packard Motor Car
Co, which has been closed since last
Friday for lack of adequate super
vision in the plant, said 166,070 man
(see FOREMEN, Page A-3D
Evening star., 1944-05-18
7 Former Jap Premiers
Hold Session With Toio
BY the Associatcd Press.

! ~ TIlt NASOCIdJCC PIeSS.
Seven former Japanese premiers
met last night at Premier Hideki
Tojo's official residence to hear re-
ports and discuss the current situa-
ton" the Tokyo radio announced
today.
Those at the conference described
as senior statesmen" were Baron
Reijiro WakatSuki, Admiral Keisuke
Okada, Baron Kiichiro Hiramuma.
Prince Fukimaro Konoye, Admiral
Yonai, koki Hirota and Gen. Nobu-
fyuki Abe. YoShimichi Hara. presi-
dent Of the privy council, also was
present.
Evening star., 1944-05-18
Former Polish Premier
Reported Raid Victim
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
LONDON, May 18-Dr. Leon
Kozlowski, former Prime Minister of
Poland under the regime of the late
Marshal Joseph Pilsudski, died in a
hospital May II of injuries suf-
fered in an American air raid on
Berlin, the German radio reported
today. 1t said he was hurt when
about to take shelter in front of his
hotel.
Evening star., 1944-05-18
Churchill to Open Debate

LONDON, May 18 CP).-Prime
Minister Churchill probably will
make statement on foreign affairs
in the House of Commons next
Wednesday opening a tWo-day de-
bate, Foreign Secretary Anthony
Eden announced today.
Evening star., 1944-05-18
Allies Capture
Vital Air Field
In North Burma
Myitkyino City Also
Under Siege After
Surprise Attack
MAP on Page A-5.)

By the Associated Press.
SOUTHEAST ASIA HEAD
QUARTERS, HANDY, Ceylon,
May 18.-In a surprise attack
climaxing a spectacular forced
march over rugged terrain,
American and Chinese forces
yesterday captured the Myit-
kyina airdrome and now are be-
sieging Myitkyina City, major
japanese base in Northern
Burma, Allied headquarters an
nounced today.
Capture of Myitkyina is essential
to the success of 1t. Gen. Joseph w
Stilwells drive to link the new Ledo
highway with the old Burma Road,
thus opening direct overland sup
ply route into China. It appeared
likely that Myitkyina would fall into
his hands before the coming mon
soon season bogs down major opera
tions.
Brig. Gen. Frank D. Merrili's
American Marauders played an i'm
portant role in the capture of Myit-
kyina airdrome, a feat which prob
ably will take its place in history as
an epic of the war in the Asiatic
theater.
The airf1eld was taken in good
condition, enabling gliders and
transport planes to land there al
most Immediately with American
engineers and Chinese reinforce
ments.
Allied Prospects Bright.
Myitkyina is one of the two main
japanese bases in Northern Burma
and one of the immediate major
objectives of Gen. Stilwell's offen-
| Sive.
Mogaung, the enemy's other princi-
pal base in Northern Burma, situ-
ated about 40 miles west and slightly
south of Myitkyina, is menaced by
second Stilwell column moving
down from the north along the
Mogaung Valley.
Battle front dispatches yesterday
said the japanese were in tough
spot in Northern Burma and pros
poets were bright for reoccupatior
of the whole area.
Capture of the Myitkyina air
drome brought Gen. Stilwells forces
within 80 miles of strong Chinese
Army which on May II swept across
the Salween River in Chinas Yum
nan Province in a drive to effect a
junction with Gen. Stilwell in
Burma.
(The Chinese high command
announced in Chungking that
further advances had been scored
west of the Salween and several
new positions taken north and
south of the Burma road.
Ear to the northeast in Ho-
nan Province. Chinese field dis
patches said japanese spear
head thrusting westward from
Loyang had been repulsed.
Fighting in the city itself was
said to have been extended be-
yond the outskirts, indicating the
Chinese were pushing out some
of the invaders who broke into
the stronghold)
Held by Japs for Two Years.
Myitkyina is the largest city in
Northern Burma and has been in
japanese hands for two years.
Fall of the airdrome climaxed a
forced march of 20 days by three
columns of Chinese and Americans
under direct command of Gen. Mer-
rlll, which pushed forward over
rought, tortuous ground from the
! Dumon Hills on the eastern side of
the Mogaung Valley, a communique
said.
The attack apparently caught the
japanese completely by surprise and
only slight resistance was offered,
the bulletin declared.
The battle seasoned Marauders
American-trained Chinese troops
turned their mortars on japanese
positions in Myitkyina itself immedi-
ately after seizing the airdrome.
Evening star., 1944-05-18

(See MILLER, Page A-4)
Evening star., 1944-05-18
Weather Forecast

Cloudy, possible showers today; low
near 58 tonight. Tomorrow cooler.
Temperatures today-Highest, 49, at
1:30 pm: lowest, ST. at $50 am. Yes
terday-Highest, 86, at pm. lowest,
IS, at 6:55 am.
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1944-12-18
Nurse Shortage
Continues Acute

WASHINGTON, Dec. 16 (ANP)
While Negro and white nurses
continue to give 'the finest medical
care in the world" to German pris-
oners of war, the needs of American
soldiers are growing more impera-
tive. Not since Pearl Harbor has
the surgeon generals office been
confronted with a situation so grave
as the present shortage of army
nurses, Maj. Gen. Norman T. Kirk,
surgeon general of the army, de-
clared last week.
''The shortage of nurses in the
army is acute and growing more
SO every day." he stated. Nursing
care, along with front-line surgery,
new life-saving drugs and advanced
methods Of treatment, are the rea-
sons for this record. To maintain it
we need 10000 more women for the
army nurse corps"
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1944-12-18

they get handicapped by having
been trained by white instructors
without battle experience, the fly
ers stated, but they are unfamiliar
with the type of aircraft pilots will
fly in combat. The inexperience of
Negro officers, pilots and mechan-
les, explained the men, and the
mental ra n of competition
against the entire corps of white
pilots and ground crews, consti-
tutes serious handicap.
Members of this all-Negro air
unit are also conscious of differ
entails applied by the air corps
command in the judgment of their
performance and feel the effect of
intellectual isolation, produced by
having all Negroes in one organi-
zation away from every other
fighter pilot group.
Since high military officials
know that the Jim crow air unit
cannot survive without sufficient
personnel requirements and since
they have ordered reduction in
the number Of Negro air cadets al
Negro air schools, many of the men
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1944-12-18
Army Aequits One Of AZ
Soldiers In Court Martial

the army's Investigators, pulled
off his coat and said he had good
mind to sock me if l didn't tell
the TRUTH" Snow declared, but his
testimony was overruled by 1t.
Col. Gerald w. O'Connor.
"There has been offered some
testimony that certain threats
were made to the accused on Sept.
5 that duress was practiced by GER
tain persons and that acts frowned
upon by the constitution, the civil
courts and military courts as we'll
were practiced on the accused, as
a result Of which he was forced to
submit to questioning" said o.
Connor. ''The preponderence of
the evidence establishes as fact,
and l so find, that no such duress
was used and no such improper or
illegal acts were committed"
Maj. William T. Beeks is de-
defense counsel, and 1t. Col. Jawor-
ski represents the prosecution. Ma
jor Beeks is somewhat handi-
capped by the limited time given
him in preparation for the defense
of the army's most unusual trials.
Yet with this handicap, Beeks is
successfully making the court
members sit up and take notice,
he said.
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1944-12-18

Munich, Vienna, Toulon, Ploesti,
Sofia, Belgrade, Friedrichshafen,
Budapest and Salerno. They -ac-
counted for II enemy fighters and
bombers in one days work over the
Anzio beachhead and has provided
cover for heavy bombers, patrolled
harbors, conveyed ships, hunted u
boats and made reconnaissance
flights.
Composed of four all-Negro
fighter squadrons, it comprises
every department for keeping pilots
flying, from mess and maintenance
to ornaments, engineering, morale
and administration. All phases of
the groups duty routines duplicate
those of other U. S. fighter group
and all are performed by Negroes.
Nearly 80 per cent Of the COM
bined air and ground personnel
have attended college, records
show, and at least three-quarters
of the 200 commissioned officers
were born and reared in the south.
The bulk of the enlisted men come
from below the Mason-Dixon line.
Not only are the requirements
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1944-12-18

SEATTLE, Wash, Dec. IS
(ANP). The acquittal of Pfc.
Milton Bratton leaves only Al Ne
gro soldiers on trial here for muir
der and rioting against Italian
prisoners of war at Fort Lawton
last August.
Beside the acquittal of Pfc Brat
ton, the court proceeded to thrash
out evidence that the AZ men on
trial were subjected to third de-
gree punishment as means of
wringing signed confessions from
them. The third degree charge was
made by T/5 Willie Provost and
Pvt. Samuel Snow, both defend
ants.
Provost accused Sgt. Ralph e..
Young, attached to army intelli-
gence of employing third degree
tactics and was supported by 49,
year-old Pvt. Snow. Young, one of
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1944-12-18
POLICE SEEK MAN
ON ASSAULT CHARGE

Police last night were searching
for an unidentified man who stab
bed Joseph Mitchell, 81, of Al
Sprague street, in an argument at
Fifth street and Dunbar avenue at
about 3 AS pm. yesterday.
Mitchell was taken to St. Eliza
beth hospital where he was in ''poor
condition last night, according to
attaches at the HOSPITAL.
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1944-12-18
LENA HORNE SWARMED
IN FORCED 5T0p0VER

JACKSON, Miss, Dec. 18
(ANP)-Lovely Lena Horne was
completely captivating to a racial
ly mixed crowd of servicemen and
civilians during a two and one half
hour stopover here.
The beauteous star and her trav-
cling companion and accompanist,
Horace Henderson, were forced to
stop over here when the plane on
which they were passengers was
grounded on account of bad flying
weather. Miss Horne explained that
she was working on a new pic
ture, "Ziegfield Follies,' and had
taken time out to make a series of
personal appearances in veterans
hospitals throughout the south and
southeast.
News that the glamorous star
was at the USO lounge at the Him
ois Central depot, quickly spread
throughout the city. She was soon
besieged by large throng Of white
and Negro servicemen and civilians
for autographs. Bits of paper,
cards and even a dollar bill soon
bore the signature of Miss Horne.
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1944-12-18
NORTH (AR0LINIANS DISCUSS
RACE PROBLEM ON RADIO

CHARLOTTE, N. c., Dec. 18
(ANP)-A notable radio discus
sion took place here when, aban-
doning the usual rule in the south
which taboes controversial racial
questions, station WBT, Columbia
Broadcasting system, presented
Peoples Platform" with two lead
ing white citizens and two leading
Negro citizens, on the topic ''Is the
South Solving It's Race Problem"
Gov. ]. M. Broughton of North
Carolina and D. Hildon Ramsey,
Continued on page A.
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1944-12-18

believe that anti-Negro army Off
cials may be determined to just let
the outfit die from lack of replace
ments. 1t will be a matter of jim
crow, they point out.
Back home I've seen white
man kick a Negro till his nose
bled," said one Negro pilot from
Dixie. Sometimes | don't know
why | fly" he added, 'but / guess
l want to do my part to prove that
Negroes can do their job as we'll as
white"
Personnel of this all-Negro air
outfit represents cross-section of
Negro people. Some are the sons Of
tenant farmers, cotton pickers and
share-croppers. One southern-born
youth admitted that he earned less
than 81 week before entering the
army. Another said he had never
handled mechanical tools before
coming to this air unit. All of the
men are admittedly getting their
first real opportunity and want to
make good, but entertain no as
surance Negroes will be given their
proper places in postwar aviation
in America.
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1944-12-18
BIRMINGHAM WAR BOND
DINNER RAISES $112,250

BIRMINGHAM, Dec. Is (ANP)
Buying $112,25O in war bonds,
Negro citizens at sixth war loan
banquet here chewed off a sizeable
portion of their million dollar
quota.
Sponsored by the Jefferson
County Restaurant Licensees as
sociation and the Wholesale and
Retail Beer distributors of Jeffer-
son county, the event was under the
supervision of the colored division
of the jefferson County associa-
ton.
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1944-12-18

Finds Jim Cro,o Killing Air Unit; Requirements Needed

WITH THE 18TH U. S. AIR
FORCE IN ITALY, Dec. 18
(ANP)-Jimcrow policies, pat
terms and restrictions, imposed up
on Col. B. 0. Davis all-Negro air
unit by American racial tradition,
are slowly killing the highly pub
licized jimcrow fighter group. The
death knell was sounded when the
outfit went into battle and was
forced to rely upon the army's
Jimcrow pattern of filling the cas-
ualty gaps in it's ranks from Negro
air schools.
While the bottom for sufficient
air requirements has admittedly
been scraped, it is generally known
that there has been a drastic re-
duction in the number of air cadets
that are being trained in Negro air
schools. The critical personnel sit
uation exists, the men say, because
Col. Davis air unit must rely upon
jimcrow air schools tc fill all gaps
in their ranks.
With 19 months of combat serv-
ice to their credit, the all-NegrC
fighter group has seen action over
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1944-12-18
MAE ROSS TO ELECT

The election of officers will be
held at the monthly meeting of the
Mae Ross chapter of the Blue Star
Mothers of America, Wednesday at
6 p. M, at Linden Center.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-11-14
Seven Babies Born
Over Week End
At Local Hospital

The stork had a busy week end at
the Ell Centre hospital when seven
babies were born, including:
Eddie Earl Johnson, born Friday
to Mr.. and Mrs. Jessie c. johnson
of ITO Brighten. He weighed nine
pounds, five and one-half ounces.
Lois Kay Vannerson, born Satur-
day to DR.. and Mrs. l.. C. Vanner-
son of Ell Centro She weighed
eight pounds, eleven and one-half
ounces.
A son born Saturday to Warrant
Officer and Mrs. Donald Weakley
weighed ten pounds, three ounces
He has not been named yet.
Raymond Dexter Harris, weighing
seven pounds, three and one-quar-
ter ounces, born Saturday to War
rant Officer and Mrs Raymond
Harris. Mrs. Harris is the former
Mary Louise Griffin.
A son bcrn Sunday to Mr.. and
Mrs. George Broome of Ell Centro
weighing eight pounds, eight ounces
He has not yet been named.
A son born Monday to Mr.. and
Mis-. Robert Sheffield of Ell Centre
weighing eight pounds, one ounce.
A daughter, weighing six pounds
five and one-quarter ounces, born
Tuesday morning to Major and Mrs
Russell L. Young of Calexico.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-11-14
Business Women
Hear Talk About
Unusual Careers

Opportunity for Women in the
Business World" was the subject of
the talk by Merta Thompson at the
meeting of Business and Profess
sional Women at the Carmen Glib
son studio Monday night.
Mrs. Thompson gave statistics en-
women working and the number of
women who will leave their jobs
when the war is over. Following her
talk, members joined in a discussion
of unusual jobs women hold, espe-
cially those formerly held by men.
At the business meeting preced-
ing the program, Mrs. Mary c. Han
cock presided while the group dis
cussed the coming bond drive. Each
member of the club is pledged tC
sell $500 in bonds as part of the
California Federation's plan to have
Business and Professional Womer
sell enough bonds to buy q hospital
ship
PPlans were also made for the
next meeting en- November 81 when
new members of the club will be
welcomed and honored Evelyn
Beatty is chairman of this affair
Imperial Valley press., 1944-11-14
OF PERSONAL
INTEREST

John E. Davis, former valley pio-
neer, is visiting from Long Beach
for several davs while he takes care
of business interests here. He is the
guest of Mr.. and Mrs. Jasper Trav-
erS.
Mrs. Chester Irving and children
are visiting friends and relatives in
Ell Centre. They have been making
their home temporarily in San
Diego where their husband and IA
ther has been stationed with the
marines. Irving was recently trans
ferred frcm the marine japanese
language school to the fleet school,
Mr.. and Mrs M. j. LaBrucherie
have had as their house guests Mrs
LaBrucherie's parents. Mr. and Mrs
Gilbert w. Robinson of Los Ange-
les. Spending another week with
them is her uncle, John H. Neeld OF
Los Angeles.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-11-14
|Rri'ok
Ess & !. z / s. G. "A ~

SHOES
Ration book ;. 1irplane stamrs
|. 2 and g. good indefinitely fer one
pair rationed shues each.
CANNED GOODS
Book 4-Blue AZ to z3 inclusive
and AS through W5, leach good for
10 points,, valid indefinitely
MEAT. BUTTER. CHEESE
Book 4-Red stamps A8 to Z8 AS
through P5 leach good for 10
points,. valid indefinitely.
(Grease Bonus Butchers will
give 2 red tokens and cents for
every pourd of salvaged kitchen
fats feceived)
SUGAR
Stamps / !. 30, 81, 80 and 33 In
Book No. each valid for five
pounds, expiration date not set.
Stamp No. 40, five pounds sugar
for canning. valid thrcuh Feb. %.
sugar certificate to your local ra-
tioning board.
Send spare stamp No. 81 with
application tor additional canning
GASOLINE
"a" coupon l3 good through De-
eember 81.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-11-14
CALENDAR
TUESDAY

Surgical dressings, 9-4, 1880,
10000 Club.
"Reminiscences, $50, California
Hotel.
White Shrine Club. 6:3O, 521 Pau
lin, Calexieo.
SorOptomists, Z, Barbara Worth
Hot ].
Night Echool, 10, high school.
Boy Scout Troop rs, 1880, Meth
odist. social hall.
Boy Scout Troop 73.s7:30, fire de-
partment.
Eagles, 8, Eagles Hall.
Jobs Daughters, 8, Masonic Tenn
pie.
American LeejO and Auxiliary, 8,
Veterans Hall.
Central Labor Council, s, Labor
+ ample.
WEDNESDAY
Surgical dressings, 9-4, 10000 club.
Acacia HOm Department, 1880,
clubhouse.
Arts and crafts, 10, 10000 club.
. Well-baby conference, 1873, court
house.
Study group, Harding school, 10
a. m.
s ct 40, 6:3", WestmOrland.
Methodist junior choir. 4, church.
Methodist senior choir, 1880,
church.
Boy Scout troop II, 1880, Scout
hut.
20-30 Club, 8, California Hotel.
State guard. 1880, high school.
Servicemen's dane S:30, Veterans
Hall.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-11-14
Churches
Schools
Music Teachers
Plan Christmas
Carol Program

Plans for the annual Christmas
carol sing to take place December
18 at the Barbara Worth Hotel were
made at the meeting of the Music
Teachers sscciation at the home
of Mrs. Grayce Burt Monday night.
The choirs of the Christian and
Presbyterian churches, directed by
Mr.. and Mrs. George Burt, respec-
lively, will feature the singing, ac-
cording to Estelle Livingston, chair
man.
Zona North, as president, presided
at the meeting, which heard several
reports, including a treasurer's
statement by Oria Kenah and a re-
port on the merit certificates by
Tilla McCampbell.
The progress of the M. T. A. code
CT ethics and policies of members
of the Imperial county branch was
told by Wendell Waterman, and
these will be given to music pupils
when they are printed.
Mrs. Kenah also reported on Gre
dentials, saying state examiner
will he here sometime this year.
Elizabeth Waterman told of public
ity and advertising activities.
Refreshments were served by Mrs
Burt after the close of the business
meeting. Those present were Amy
Cosand, Tilla McCampbell, zona
Ncrth, Oria Kenah, Roberta Tack
EFT, Georgiana Washburn, Elizabeth
Waterman, Estelle Livingston, Lau-
ra Mcfarland, Grayce Burt, Wen
dell Waterman, Nick Novak and
George Burt.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-11-14
Wanda Ra+her+
Is Honored at
Birthday Party

Honoring her daughter, Wanda
Rathert, ON her 18th birthday Mrs.
Grace billiard entertained a group
of her friends Saturday at an
Armistice Day party at her home in
Holtyille.
Games were played during the
evening, after which the guest of
honor opened her many lovely pres
ents. Refreshments were served to
the guests, including a large birth
day cake.
These present from Holtville were
Marie Cox. Nadene Geiger, Eddie
and Bill Maring, Virginia Walker,
Douglas Hoke, James Lloyd, Loree
Kaiser, Allan Denton, Ora Fee
Maynard and Fredene Sieber.
From CaleXico were: Johnnie
Crum. Troy Ray Bell, j. C. Bell,
J. B. Stages, Clara and Betty Har-
vey. Ed Cole, Mildred Spears. Corky
Fembers, jean Day, Jackie Williams,
Penny and Johnny Polas, Ruth
Sweat, Darleen Canadie, Betty Kem-
brale, Rusty Miller, Roy White, Dick
Lakins and Juanita Golf, the hon.
oree, Wanda Rathert, and hostess,
Mrs. billiard.