davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The messenger., 1944-07-01

Mrs. Frederick Biederman of Prospect Street is a patient at the Hartford Hospital.
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1944-03-30
BY PETER EDISON

Congressional investigation of
the Federal Communications
has now gone through SO many
sideshows that few people re-
member what it's all about. But
when you brush aside the cur
rent arguments over FEC ap-
preparations the thousands of
pages of hearings-and look be-
hind the refusals of high gov
eminent officials TO testify be-
fore the special House commit
tees headed by Reps. E. E. Cox
of Camilla, Ga, and Clarence F.
Lea of Santa Rosa, Calf. you
come up with the conclusion
that the principal issue of this
mess is FEC Chairman James
Lawrence Fly himself, one of
the most amazing and contro-
versial characters in Washing
ton. He is six feet tall, big but
not fat, with a wide grin and
spectacles and thinning reddish
hair. His looks give no hint Of
his real abilities.
Radio industry representa-
tives who have done business
before the FEC rate Fly an abb
Ter citizen than most other
members and they give him
credit for being so times as en-
ergetic as them all A smart fell
la heading a government regu-
lating agency that really regu-
lates, whether you like its reg
ulations or not.
Next to his energy, the attrib-
ute which keeps Chairman Fly
at the top of the heap is said to
be the fact that he thinks like
Roosevelt. He has been given
credit for running his agency
closer to the way the boss wants
it run than any man in Wash
ington. If this be praise, it can
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1944-03-30

mean accomplishment for q 46-
year-old boy from Seageville,
Texas, even if he is a graduate
OF Annapolis and Harvard law
with government experience as
counsel in the Antitrust Divi-
sion of the Department of Jus
tice and the Tennessee Valley
authority.
HIS NECK'S OUT TOO
FAR, THEY SAY
In spite of his success thus far,
there are those in the radio in
dustry who are now beginning
to feel that Chairman Fly he's
stuck his neck out too far. Con-
gressional Investigations of FEC
have been VIGOROUSLY inept and
futile and have been tangled in
their own private scandals, but
the Senate has just set the chair
man back on his heels with q
terrific slash at his budget for
l945.
Fly has host of enemies in
government and private bust
ness who would like to see him
drawn and quartered. But he
also has strong supporters with
in the radio industry and Is said
IN eliminate" the National A.
ISOLATION of Broadcasters, hav-
ing forced but one president Of
NAB who could not get along
with him and dictated election
of his successor.
Things like this are what
make him FCC'c principal issue.
What his enemies hope for most
is the election of a Republican
Congress in 1914, to tear him
apart.
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1944-03-30
. BEHIND THE SCENES
IN WASHINGTON .

also be condemnation. Ever
since FEC was created it has
been suspect, and that has been
particularly true in the five
years that Fly has been chair
man.
Through all this turmoil Fly
has emerged the winner-up to
now. He has been able to get
White House backing to stop the
Army, Navy and FBI officials
from testifying on the grounds
that to do so would give mill
tary information to the enemy.
A LOT OF UNANSWERED
QUESTIONS
But in this stalemate a lot of
things which should be known
about FEC have not come out:
Why did not Chairman Fly
give the FBI full access. in its
own Identification division, to
fingerprint records Of oceanic
radio operators suspected of be-
ing Communists and known to
be aliens? Did labor union Of
ficals force him to keep those
records in FEC headquarters, so
FBI men would have trouble in
processing them?
Were FBI and military and
naval intelligence officers de-
MED access to copies of cables
from Honolulu to Japan? And
what did that have to do with
Pearl Harbor?
Did the FEC foreign broad
cast intelligence service send
the Navy on wild goose chase
after a phantom Japanese fleet
and into trap?
Thus far Chairman Fly has
been able to out-talk the secre-
taries of war and navy, admir-
ais, generals. heads of other gov
eminent departments, congress-
men and the six other members
of his own commission. 1t Is M
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1944-03-30
. IN HOLLYWOOD

The Model T bounced and
jolted the family of five from
Quebec to Detroit, from Detroit
to Miami and from Miami to
New York. The sisters sang,
danced and did a patter act at
theaters and night clubs. The
father acted as chauffeur. The
mother looked after wardrobe
and diet problems and thought
up alibis for juvenile authori-
ties who wanted to know why
the girls weren't in school.
Finally a secondhand Model
A Ford replaced the Model T
and got the family to Holly
wood, where a talent scout ar
ranged film test for the young
est of the three sisters. You've
seen her in Sergeant York."
Yankee Doodle Dandy" and
Thank Your Lucky Stars"
Her name-Joan Leslie.
MONTANA MISS
For a 13-year-old, with dreams
of Hollywood and stardom, like
Betty, Montana can seem a pref
ty dull place to be born and
brought up in. Of course, she
reasoned, Gary Cooper and Myr-
ma 10y had both come from
Montana, but Gary was a man,
with a chance to strike out on
his own, and Myrna had been q
successful artist. Betty consid-
cred her own chances and found
them nil.
Then one day Hollywood
turned up right in her own back
yard.
A secondary camera unit was
re-staging the Custer Massacre
on the Cheyenne Indian Reser-
walton, not far from Betty's
home town of Forsyth. 1t was
for Cecil B. DeMille picture
called THE Plainsman" and the
star was Montana's own Gary
Cooper.
Betty had never been so thrill
ed in her life. For a week she
hung about on the sidelines,
watching, until the company
picked up traps and returned to
Hollywood.
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1944-03-30
STILL NO Relief

Once again the British government has refused
to lift the European blockade and let attempt be
made to toke food ond supplies to occupied Europes
sick and hungry people, Reason, feor that the Ger
mans would obtain the benefit.
The United Stotes Senate has passed resolu.
ton fovorne this ottempt American opinion un-
doubtedIy supports the Senate stand European neu-
trols have agreed to transport and distribute the sup
plies The Nozi government hos assured them thot it
will not interfere In support Of this is the foct hot
neutral distribution Of food in Greece has been al
most entirely unmoested.
AS former President Hoover hos pointed out, we
have practical os we'll os q moral responsibility to
do whatever for these real potential friends
who ore victims Of Noz cruelty. Failure will surely
be remembered.
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1944-03-30
SPECTRE OF CENSORSHIP

The spectre Of censorship is one thot quite prop
ery is viewed with rePuenonce by all rieht-thnk'n9
Americans who understand the principles upon which
freedom is built.
The constitution Of the United Stoes guarantees
the citizens Of this nation the right to speak freely
and to pursue happiness within the loose, general
concept of social responsibilities Countless men have
died. and are dying, to preserve those nolIenoble
rights.
Thot Walter WncheII is under attack by Martin
Dies committee on Un- American activities is not
reoIIy SO important in itself it is in it's potential
tiles WincheI may be- as Dies Declares but bou-
doir peep-hoe reporter What is important, however,
is that WincheII-on unquestonobly competent and
fearless reporter foces possible enrichment OF his
rioht and duty to tell the American people how
their affairs Of government ore being conducted.
It is all very we'll to say This is time in which
our government should be above criticism; we ore
at war;" In the main that principle is splendid; but
likewise this much is also true: Few Of us con know
of our own knowledge the intricocies OF the tleuPs
of many of our bullvoiced lawmakers 1t requires
man with the contacts on the scene to relate those
incidents to
We have right to know We pay the bills. 1t is
our government.
Rankin, Hoffman and Dies may we'll be the hon.
est, fortnight servants Of the public which they
claim We do not possess sufficient facts upon which
to base competent judgment.
As WinchelI hos repeatedly pointed out, how
ever: II any Of the accused congressman can prove
his charges ore not true they have ready redress in
the courts
To hail the reporter, any reporter, before clos
ed-session congressional committee Whose members
enjoy immunity from damage suits under the consti.
tution) is dangerous proceeding whose develop
nnent we shall all wotch carefully Open hearings and
open charges should be mandatory.
Right or wrong in his charges Wnche at leost
represents the sort Of avenue Of free speech which
is vital to the preservation Of American Ideals
Dies ridiculous hints at sinister "bocker" for
what he terms WincheIs efforts to "smeor" con-
qress awaken no alarm in our souls.
II certain congressman have been smeored, as
Dies procIoims, let them look to themselves and
their own questionable actions while entrusted with
government "for the people" the root Of the whole
problenn
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1944-03-30
MUDDY TRACK

A weather story out Of Moscow, commenting on
the uncommony mild Russion winter this year. cor
red footnote to the effect thot, with the usuol
long, hard freeze and less mud, the Red army really
have gone places.
II the Russions can travel like this in the mud,
we'd like to see them on fost track.
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1944-03-30

BY ERSKINE JOHNSON

This is the story of a dancer
who became singer-a produc-
er who hired her to teach a star
to sing-and how the teacher be-
came a star herself.
1t begins several years ago
when the dancer came TO Holly
wood and discovered there were
already too many dancers, so
she decided to turn singer. She d
sung little at home and had a
passable voice.
Finally a producer who knew
how hard she was trying, signed
her as a vocal coach. She was
to give lessons to new for
eign importation who was star
ring in her first American pic
ture. On the first day of the film,
the vocal coach gave out with a
few choruses on the set, to show
the foreign star the producer S
idea of how she should sing.
The teachers singing brought
cheers from the crew on the set,
and the foreign star pouted and
sulked and locked herself in her
dressing room. The producer
said he was sorry, paid her off
for a weeks work and told her
to come see him another time.
That other time came a few
years later. The producer -
Buddy De Sylvia. The girl? The
star of the current New York
stage hit, "One Touch of Venus
Mary Martin.
A model T Ford jolted and
bounded to stop at the inter-
national boundary line between
the United States and Canada
Girls and musical instruments
spilled from the car. The small
est of the three girls - chub-
by-faced 5-year-old - made
frantic grab for a tiny accordion.
At the request of one of the bor-
der inspectors, she played tune
and did a dance to her own &C
compartment. She's a clever
one" the officer said to the par
ents of the girls. You oughty
take her to Hollywood and get
her into pictures.
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1944-03-30

so SORRY
SALT LAKE CITY-A wom-
an visiting here from Provo,
Utah, provided a new ending to
the old story about trying to
post a letter in a fire alarm box.
She quickly realized the error,
but wouldn't leave until the fire.
men had arrived SO she could
APOLOGIZE.
Evening star., 1944-07-18

had their genesis In the meeting
In Moscow last fall Of representa-
tives Of the United States, Russia,
Great Britain and China. Article 1
OF the declaration adopted there
provided:
That they (the four powers) rec
ognize the necessity of establishing
at the earliest practicable date =
general international organization,
based upon the principle Of the SOW
ereign equality of all peace-loving
states and open II. membership by
all such states, large and small, for
the maintenance Of international
peace and security"
Further Discussions Planned.
Mr.. Hull made It plain In his
original statement last May that
the four-power conferences will be
followed up by discussions with the
smaller countries. In informal talks
during recent weeks with the Latin
American nations, the Secretary has
assured them that they will be kept
fully informed Of the progress Of the
negotiations and that they have
nothing to fear from the organiza-
ton of the great powers into q
council whose only purpose is world
stability.
The State Departments announce
ment last night did not specify who
would represent Great Britain
Russia and China. 1nasmuch as
the conversations are preliminary
rather than final, 1t is doubtful that
the other three countries will send
their foreign ministers here, al
though they will certainly choose
hIgh-ranking diplomats having
broad powers. Secretary Hull him.
sell is expected to represent the
United States.
Evening star., 1944-07-18
Big -Four Open Talks
Here Next Month 10
Plan World League
By JOsEPH Il. DAIRD.

The worlds second attempt in 4
little more than . quarter Of . CEN
tury to lay the basis Of an endur-
ing peace viii begin here early next
month when the United States,
Great Britain, Russia ard China
will meet to begin spadework on
an international security organiza-
ton.
This was announced last night by
Secretary Of State Hull, who re-
vealed that the invitations he ex-
tended late In May to the other
three powers had been accepted.
Britain and China, it is known,
agreed to the conference almost at
once, but Russia took time to clar-
lily some details Of procedure be-
fore giving their Affirmation.
Because Russia Is not At war with
Japan, the conferences will be d.
vided into two distinct phases. Mr..
Hull announced that the United
States, Great Britain and Russia
would confer. In an entirely sepa-
rate conference-conducted either
simultaneously or later-will be
talks among the United States,
Great Britain and China.
Russia Avoids Talks ON Japs.
In view Of Russo-Japanese neu-
trality and the fact that the two
have signed a nonaggression pact
Moscow has consistently declined to
enter conversations bearing on the
Far East.
The conversations, which Mr.. Hull
said probably would start early In
August, will begin with . more re-
alistic hope Of success than did the
League Of Nations project launched
by President Wilson in 1918.
In an effort to avoid the political
pitfalls that baked American par
ticipation in the League, Secretary
Hull has prefaced the four-power
parleys by = long series OF confer
ences with bipartisan group of
eight Senators, headed by Chair
man Connally Of the Senate Foreign
Relations Committee. They are re-
ported to be in agreement on essen
tials of the American plan.
Council Would Include Four.
This plan, in essence, is the crea
ton OF a permanent international
council of the great powers and an
assembly which would include rep
resentatives of all nations. Teeth
would be put in their decisions by
an agreement for the joint use of
sovereign military forces to put
down aggression wherever it NAV
arise.
The conversations to begin soon
Evening star., 1944-07-18
On the Other Hand
Keeping Platform Short, as Desired by
President, Poses Quite Difficult Problem

waiting TO pounce on the platform
when It's completed and to wendell
1t to tatters II he doesnt Ike It.
It's 4 tough assignment.
It has taken this writer 600 words
to explain that short pieces are
harder to write than long ones.
That may not prove anything, but
the outcome Of the literary struggle
In Chicago may prove = number Of
things.
Evening star., 1944-07-18
Admiral Wagner Directs
Aircraft Of 7ih Fleet
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
SOUTHWEST PACIFIC HEAD
QUARTERS. July 10 Delayed).- -
Rear Admiral Frank D. Wagner Of
Washington, who commanded the
last United States Navy aircraft to
be driven out Of the Netherlands
indies during the Japanese invasion
OF 1912, has returned to the South
west Pacific theater as commander
Of Navy aircraft Of the 7th Fleet.
He bossed the famous pat Wing
TO-" two squadrons Of patrol aircraft
which was oil the Navy had left in
Far Eastern waters after Manila.
The command originally covered 80
planes but by the time 1t was evac-
Evening star., 1944-07-18

y III v IL B VA AA
that the man whom the convention
expects to make Its candidate de-
sircs 1 short platform; that he de-
sires very short platform indeed,
one the average voter can read at
one sitting, say during the time 1t
takes to consume his breakfast of
bacon and eggs. The President, the
unnamed candidate in question, is
said to believe that nobody reads
the average campaign platform, the
reason being that it is just too long.
On the other hand, it is said to be
his idea that if the platform were
short enough it would become a
very widely read document, which
he would like it to be.
Tough Problem.
II correctly reported, the Presi-
dents desire has presented the
Drafting Committee with a pecu-
liarly tough problem, one for which
they have had little training. In
the past they have listened to vari-
Gus individuals and groups who
knew what they wanted, have given
consideration to what they them
selves wanted, and then have dug
out Of their heads or their diction-
aries enough language to seem to
meet every demand. If this result
ed in a considerable number Of con-
tradictions, they didn't allow that
to bother them too much.
The campaign orators could be
expected to take care of the con-
tradictions and the candidate could
be expected to offer his own in
terpretations" You recall that
Gov. Dewey was Immediately called
on to interpret the Republican par
agraph on foreign policy and he
doubtless soon will be asked to in
terpret the plank on reciprocal
trade agreements as it relates to
the plank on protective tariffs,
since one seems intended to please
Cordell Hull and the other to please
Joe Grundy, the high priest of high
tariffs.
The Democrats have been guilty
of the same kind of platform max
ing in the past, not merely because
it is hard to keep things short, but
because they don't differ very great
ly from their Republican opponents
in their desire to be all things to
all men.
Comes q Congressman before the
committee asking that the platform
contain a pleasant reference to the
cheese-paring industry, there being
a good many cheese-parers among
his constituents.
Whats the use of putting that
in?" asks the committee. "Nobodyll
read it,"
"Whaddaya mean, nobodyll read
it?" retorts the Congressman. "I'll
read it-all over my district"
Others Have Proposals.
congressman representing other
industries, such as apple-knocking,
or pen-wiping, give the committee
the same argument. So you see the
problem is not purely literary; it is
partly practical Left alone with
their literary labors, the perspiring
platform-writers could cheerfully
take care Of everybody. cheese-par-
ers. apple-knockers and pen-wipers
included; the only hard part of the
operation would be the finding of
phraseology that means both every
thing and nothing.
But there's That Man He wants
short platform that means what
1t says.
And there's that brooding Hoosier
eagle, high in his Wall Street eyrie,
Evening star., 1944-07-18
BY THE HAsKIN SERVICE.

Q. Why did Robert E. Lee have
only three stars even though he was
. full general?-C. D. G.
A. The Confederate Army used
different system to indicate rank
than that used by the Union Army.
Q. How long does 1t take to count
1000 bills?-L. r. G.
A. The Bureau of Engraving and
Printing says that In that ONCE 1000
bills can be counted and banded
into packages of 100 notes each in S
minutes.
Q. Did the city OF Byblos in
North Africa give its name to the
Bible?-O. D. c.
A. Because most of the papyrus
used by the ancient Greeks came
from Byblos the paper itself came
to be called by this name. Later
when they wrote books on rolls of
such paper they called them biblia.
From this comes the word Bible,
meaning o'book" or books"
Q. Who was the shortest Presi-
dent?-E. L. H.
A. Madison was the smallest
President in stature. He was only
5 feet inches In height.
Q. What does LCF mean in ref
erence to ship?-H. M. L.
A. The Navy Department says
that the United States has no ship
designated as LCF. However, the
British have vessel designated
LCF which means land craft, flak
(antiaircrafD.
@. What composers besides Wag-
ner wrote their own librettos?-C. B.
A. Alexander Borodin and Gus
tave Charpentier are notable COM
posers who wrote text as we'll as
music.
Q. Is there more than one type
of helicopter?-B. B.
A. At least six different helicop-
ter designs were flying in the United
States in l943 and others were being
developed.
@. How many times was Troy re-
built? Which city was the one con-
quered by the use of the Trojan
horse?-E. M. I.
A. Excavations made at the site
indicate that the city was rebuilt
nine times, and dates back earlier
than 5000 BIC. The seventh city
is now believed to be the one con-
quered by the ruse Of the Trojan
horse.
Q. Where is the Stephen Foster
Memorial Building?-R. E. S.
A. 1t is on the campus of the
University of Pittsburgh. The
building houses the large collection
of first editions of Fosters songs,
manuscripts and letters collected by
the American chemist, Josiah Kirby
Lilly.
Evening star., 1944-07-18
THE EVENING STAR Washington D. c. A.
u.

evacuation hospitals and made . tour
Of the beachheads, the announce
ment continued. AT Chef6ourg Mr..
Stimson thoroughly inspected the
port and details Of the rehabilita-
ton OF its facilities, now In fun
swing"
Mr.. 5timson's party included Maj.
Gen. Norman T. Kirk, surgeon gen.
eral OF the United States Army;
Evening star., 1944-07-18
Secretary Silmson Visits
Normandy Battle Zone

BY the Associated Pre8s.
SUPREME ALLIED HEADoUAR.
TERs, July 1S.-Secretary Of War
Stimson has visited the Normandy
battle zone and. accompanied by 1t.
Gen. Omar N. Bradley, inspected
"the entire area under control of
United States troops" It was an
last night.
He visited examinations and
Evening star., 1944-07-18

piece tn6O .
long piece.
The men and
women of the
subcommittee Of
the Resolutions
Committee . en-
gagged in pre-
pairing . plat
form Tor the
Democratic Ma
tional Conven-
ton are learn
ing the truth OF
this axiom.
The word has
cot ar o u n d
ong them
Evening star., 1944-07-18
Harry B. Hirsh, 79, Dies

ATLANTIC CITY. N. j., July 1s
(R.-Harry B. Hirsh, a founder and
former president Of the Belmont
Iron Works, Philadelphia, died SUM-
day in Atlantic City Hospital.
Evening star., 1944-07-18

uated from Java only three were
left.
Admiral Wagner succeeds Com
modore Thomas 8. Combs. The
command includes al Navy aircraft
In the South Pacific, virtually all Of
which is land based.
Evening star., 1944-07-18
to
Questions

A reader can get the answer to any
tngton star Information Bureau. ala
Z, street NE, WashinGton z. D. c,
Please tnclose cents for return post
Evening star., 1944-07-18

4 mere IS what happens to your old magazines and
papers This maceratng vat churns them into pulp which
fed into rollers. finally to emerge paper board Prac
tcay 1000 OF normal waste paper be converted into
usable paper without apprecabe loss. there Is no
ganzed salvage collection in your community. consult
your local Newspaper about disposal Of your waste paper.
Evening star., 1944-07-18

l. II every householder in this country saved as much
waste paper as Henry Lueders, of Teaneck, j., the
paper shortage would not be the serious problem it is
He shown here with remarkable collection of $500
pounds of paper of all kinds which, when properly
processed, will provide sufficient paper to make
1915 shipping boxes, each containing ten 80 nm.
Evening star., 1944-07-18

Maj. Gen. Alexander d. surpleA,
director Of the War Departments
Bureau Of Public Relations, and
Harvey H. Bundy, assistant to the
Secretary Of War.
Evening star., 1944-07-18
By LosUell MeHsff.

CHICAGO, July 18.-One Of the
axioms Of the writing game-or pro-
fession. II you do 1t for money-is
that It Is harder to write q short