davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1944-07-09

Prime weapon in his policy of divide and
conquer was a well-financed system Of
espionage. An important tool was to be
short-wave radio, which would vastly
increase in Importance in event of war.
Radio Detectives
Then the Radio Intelligence Division
of the FEC burgeoned into the picture.
Uncle Sam had decided he wasn't going
to take Hitlers plans lying down. He
had nothing to work with that could do
a thorough job except a nucleus of
highly trained, technically expert, vast
Inexperienced employees in the field Of
radio intelligence.
AS the holocaust of war spread on
both sides of the world and America
geared for national defense, the Gov
ernment decided to tap those men on
the shoulder and put them to wolk
defending the Nation The day before
Hitler marched into Paris, FEC proposed
to President Roosevelt that facilities be
set up to guard against fifth-column
Evening star., 1944-07-09

of gold were found in New Guinea by
three Australians. The find was made
in the former German territory, 60
miles by twisting trail back and 3,400
feet up from coastal Salamaua, on Edie
Creek in the Morobe Mountains. AS the
news leaked out California style gold
rush started, and ill-equipped prospec-
tors came to the coast in large num-
berS.
But even the hardest were stopped
by the hazards of the cruel jungle trail.
Only by organizing Guinea AirWays,
Ltd, the largest air-freight service in
the world of its day, was 1t possible to
maintain big mining community at
Wau and to bring out as much as
Guinea gold in year
Thus. gold prepared landing fields
that have been vital in Allied defense
of New Guinea and Australia against
the japanese. And gold has opened a
high region healthful to the white man
where he may carry on agriculture and
administration in the future.
Other Mineral Wealth.
Platinum, osmiridium, copper and
iron are all known to be part of Eastern
New Guinea's mineral wealth. Oil dis
covered in the Dutch half may have a
part in postwar New Guinea trade
In their rapid 1912 sweep. the jap
anese seized score of coast settlements
on New Guinea. Most were centers of
the islands growing copra trade Sew
eral had airstrips serving the Morobe
gold fields. Buna, Coma, Salamaua. Lac,
Flnschhafen, Saidor, Bogadjim, WeWak,
Aitape, Hollandia, Sarmi. Sorong are
just few of the north coast base
names now we'll known through news
mention.
When the full record of New Guinea
action is compiled it will show that
Evening star., 1944-07-09
New Guinea No Island Paradise Yanks Fighting Nghmash Wd

Although the natives vary widely in
color, stature and customs, they are
largely a mixture Of Negrito and Aus
traloid, the islands earliest settlers. In
terror tribes in one valley, isolated by
matted mountain forests from other
tribes in valleys only few miles away.
may have almost a common origin but
widely different appearance and Gus
toms developed through centuries Of
time.
Strange Animals, Birds, Plants.
Tall tales about wild life on New
Guinea will come easy to Yanks re-
turning home. Animals are strange,
even though none are large. Rats,
bats and marsupials are commonest.
There are rats 2 feet long. There
are fruit-eatine bats commonly called
flying foxes with 3-foot Widespread.
There are big, water rats and tiny.
woolly rats with prehensile tails. There
are small fruit bats with humming-
bird tongues that draw honey from
flowers.
Beside small, tree kangaroos, the
ihdi oupidlo AlCluoC ouCIt ZOO idICIlco 90
wallabies, bandicoots, phalangers and
cuscuses. There is the echidna-a por-
cupine-quilled anteater
Among 600 bird species there are
pigeons ranging from sparrow to
chicken size and talkless parrots of
every rainbow hue. Birds of paradise,
victims Of commerce in days of Ger
man administration in the northeast,
are row protected; their brilliant
plumage and long tail feathers adorn
the male. There are thrushes, warblers,
nuthatches and others closely resem-
bling their North American cousins
Plant life defies description. Distinct
species, ranging from tropical palms
along the sea-level swamps to stunted
bushes above timberline, number many
thousand. Growing in profusion, they
have made barrier to the Japs out
Of New Guinea They have retarded
war machines more effectively than
could the high mountain ranges alone.
They are why New Guinea's deep in
terror is so little known.
Evening star., 1944-07-09
Bv Robert ]. Lewis.

How would you like to be handed the
job of finding needle in haystack the
size Of Boulder Dam? That was about
the size of the assignment tossed in the
lap of the Federal Communica tions
Commission back in 1910, when the
Nation squared off to fight Axis radio
spies.
In the four years since then, nearly
400 clandestine radio transmitters have
been searched out and the United States
made an unhealthy place for enemy
espionage. A needle in this mammoth
haystack can be found by Uncle Sans
G-men of the airwaveS with hardly more
trouble than tuning in on Bob Hope, the
National Barn Dance or any one of a
dozen political spellbinders.
It's easy today, but back in 1910 no.
body was sure Hitler could be outwitted.
The Fuehrer, you remember, had the
idea America would be paralyzed by
sectionalism and racial prejudices.
Evening star., 1944-07-09

q rough job. Sometimes it took several
months with the crude direction finders
then available. Locating stations was
largely a matter of trial and error, in
tuition, persistence and good luck rather
than the result of having adequate
equipment.
The network by which the Radio In
telligence Division performs its magic
consists of IL main listening stations,
81 secondary listening stations, SO Ad-
cock direction finders and 80 mobile
direction finders mounted in automo-
biies.
Patrolling the Ether
Those listening stations keep close
check "a hours day on radio band
800 times wider than can be tuned in
on the ordinary home radio set. As
they patrol the ether FEC operators
must be able to identify quickly hun
Evening star., 1944-07-09

cranky nature often had hand in
the Japs' undoing. Yanks and Aussies
knew never to ignore it. Although it
brought them discomfort. on occasion
they made it valuable ally.
Nature Aids Battles.
Nature, unaided, flooded and tumbled
the Nipponese back to the north coast
at Lac from positions along the Markham
Valley, which had seemed to offer
promise of leading across to the south
ern coast west of Ally-held Port Mores-
by early in 1912.
Later the Japs tried direct crossing
of the Owen Stanley Range from Buna
to Port Moresby via Kokoda. They
edged along the densely forested track
and crossed through the 9000foot gap
in the l30O0-foot range. reaching a po-
sition threatening to the vital south
shore British base. But nature granted
no alternate routes for their supply line.
Australian fighter planes battered that
supply line successfully from treetop
level, and the overland approach was
abandoned.
Supporting this overland attempt. the
Japs staged small-craft invasion
along the swampy shores of Milne Bay.
near the tip of the New Guinea birds
tail There the Australians were ready
behind natures shield and wiped out
the landing party.
Early in 1943. Jap shipping along
Northeast New Guineas Huon Penin-
sula coast was so harassed that the
Japs went to work on an inland route
along the Ramu and Markham River
valleys to Lac. Small Australian pa
Evening star., 1944-07-09

dreds of thousands of radio signals.
This in itself is gigantic Job which
only long experience equips an operator
to do accurately.
When station is heard which can't
be identified as licensed station merely
by checking the call letters. frequencies,
operating procedures. by analyzing the
type of messages or by other means Of
Identification, the Radio Intelligence
Division swings its direction finding
network into action. Often within a
few minutes its Adcocks reveal the
approximate location. If the station is
operating in the United States the
mobile direction finders in automobiles
are then dispatched to search out the
exact spot. If the clandestine station
is in large building agents can patrol
the halls with pocket detectors which
CONTINUED on Page c-S)
Evening star., 1944-07-09

trolls, hiding by day, wreaked havoc on
the road-builder camps by night. using
bush tactics, to multiply the difficulties
tralians in force used the Jap-built road
to bring them to positions behind Ma
dang and bases farther west.
Now, with superior sea and air
strength, the Allies bypass Jap bases at
will, cutting their supply lines and thus
leaving them to the mercy of nature.
Ianks Owe Lives to Natives.
No less important than allying with
nature to neutralize Japs has been the
Allied success land the japanese fail
ure, in holding the loyalty of native
tribesmen.
There are probably million natives
on New Guinea-well-built black, Chris
tian Melanesians along the north coast
pygmy Negroes in the interior, some
lighter Melanesians in the east. De.
scendsnts Of cannibals, they are now
peaceful fishermen. farmers. hunters.
British colonizing experience had
SHOWN Clearly tIdt lneSe lubZy "uIZlcS
are humans. responding with work and
loyalty to kindness and tact, disappear
ing into the bush if driven like slaves.
New Guinea has few roads, no ami
mails larger than a wild pig. 1.-the
natives are depended on for most grouno
transport duty The non-native has
all he can handle in moving himsel1
across mountainous jungle tracks. The
native easily carries 40 pounds single
10 pounds double, along rough trails.
Yarks and Aussies had detailed
printed instructions on how to trea,
Evening star., 1944-07-09
BY DR.. Gilbert Grosvenor.
President, National Geographic Socie1

Island paradse So often this
to New Guinea recently wrenchd isolated
reminds them Of their conception of paradise
Indeed found themselves hanspand into world
humid days Guinea Many them bazed their through American
IN
AM
in
their All
Of New interior
New
toward Borneo the China called
bird head"
Bismarck
Evening star., 1944-07-09

Yapks 1oho haze fought March, 1872
coastal edges haze found this huge island little that family
reminds them of their mental conception of PARADISE
American nUaders and their landing craft soDn Wakde
Island of the north Dutch Guinea Coast Guard Photo
Imperial Valley press., 1944-11-17
BY ROBERT WEIDE

HOLLYWOOD, Nov. II. (UP)-
Maybe Robert BUCK Fausett, new
ly named manager of the fading
Hollywood Stars, will have more
luck than did his four predecessors
for the baseball club that is fast be-
coming known as a graveyard for
baseball managers.
But the records against him from
the beginning. Since 1888, when the
present-day Hollywood Star organi-
zation was born, no less than four
managers have trotted down the
dugout steps for the final time.
Today only one of the quartet has
been able to make comeback. He is
Bill Sweeney, popular boss man of
the winning Los Angeles An
Imperial Valley press., 1944-11-17
Mexican Labor
Waits Dry Soil

With the expectation that the
rain will be gone and the Imperia
Valley skies will be clear over the
week end, Mexican labor that has
been imported fer valley crops
should be able to 90 to work Mon
day. George Garrigues, Farm Labor
Board, Ell Centre, announced Fri
day.
Some of the men are being quar-
tered at the War Food Administra-
ticn center in Holtville, others in
camps maintained by individual
farmers who have contracted Tor
their services, Garrigues said.
These men. who must be housed
and fed whether they are employed
or not. must be kept employed Is
per cent of the time. but may be
idle 25 per cent of the time and still
remain under contract, GarrigueS
said
The enforced idleness of the past
few days will be charged to the %
per cent, he said.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-11-17
Ohio State Waits
Rose Bowl Edict

MINNEAPOLIS, Nov. II. UP)-
The Big Ten board of faculty repre-
sentatives will meet at Chicago
November 26 to consider Ohio State
uniyersity's request that the con-
ference ban on post-season games
be lifted.
Professor Henry Rottschaefer of
the University of Minnesota, head
Of the board, said that the meet
ing was called as a result of a re-
quest by Lynn w. st. John, athletic
director of O.S.U., that the unde-
feated Buckeyes be permitted to
accept bid to play in the Rose
Bowl at Pasadena, California, on
New Years Day.
Major John L. Griffith. Big Ten
athletic commissioner, said that any
action resembling the present ban
on post-Season games was entirely
up to the faculty representatives
who originally adopted the ruling
and a majority vote favoring Ohio
States proposal would abolish it.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-11-17
Meeting Holds
Lands Fate
As Diamond Gar

CHICAGO, Nov. II. UP)-The
joint American National league
committee meets for an unexpected
session Friday to outline the fate
of the major league baseball agree
ment and the future of the office
of baseball commissioner, which
has been administered since its
birth by Judge Kenesaw. M. Lands.
Lands, who will be 78 Monday,
is confined to st. Luke'S hospital
here.
The meeting was announced un-
expectedly Thursday night by
President William Harridge of the
American league and came shortly
after st. Luke'S public relations
office reported that Landis, who has
been hospitalized here for more
than six weeks, suffered a set
back in his rest cure" Wednesday
and lis not progressing as salts
factorily as before
From Fridays meeting, attended
by representatives of four clubs from
each league, plus the respective
league presidents, will develop the
plan by which the majors will oper-
ate after the expiration of the pres
ent major league agreement, Janu-
airy II, 1916. The pact invests huge
power in the baseball commissioner
and has been the force by which
Lands has guided baseball with
firm hand for % wears
The plan that is scheduled to be
formulated at today's meeting will
be offered for official approval to
the full big league membership at
the annual meeting here, December
Hip.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-11-17
Deferred Grid
Contest Set

Watersoaked gridiron at Brawley
has made it necessary to take ad-
vantage of the last possible date OF
the fall football season to complete
the post-scheduled ames. T h e
weather caprice also is cause for
El Centro High Varsity to play
two consecutive games.
The postponed Ell Centro-Brawley
game will be played November 30,
probably at night. The next night
Ell Centrans will go to Holtville to
wind up the session.
In the meantime the Thanksgiv-
ing game between CalexicO and Ell
Centro has Valley grid fans at high
pitch and a capacity crowd no
doubt will see the game at the
border city, set for 2:30 pm.
Three gains in week is quite
an order" said Coach John M.
Lewis of the CentranS, but we
shall be right there to give the other
three teams tough tussles."
Imperial Valley press., 1944-11-17
l.. A. PRODUCE

Los AneloS, Nov. Il. tOP1-
Asparagus: Steady. Per pound: ImpCria
select. S5c; fancy, 2Oc.
Artichokes: Steady; Santa Maria 4SS-
COS, 400-4.5O 72S. ;. .0O-3 50: S4S-96s. 200
Avocados; Weaker. Per pound: Fucrtes
40-45c; No. 2s. 25c; PucblaS. 30-S5c
Seedlings. 25-3oc: flats, FuerteS 5.50-6. p.
Beans: Steady. Per pound: All dis
nary. Sc: Blue Lakes, 7-lOc: ordinary
Sc Valentines. Csc; fair. SC: Limas, @
lScc; ordinary. I-6c; Carpinteria. pole.
13-14c.
Broccoli: Steady: Santa Maria iced crates
I. 25-4. 50; local. S-9c: fair. &C
Bunched vegetables: Steady: per crate:
beets, '4-3 dozen. 1852 25: fair 15o:
chard, dozen. $50; green onions. s
dozen. 2.50-3.S0; radiSheS, small. red.
dozen. 1.SO2. .25 spinach. dozen. / So
1.75 fair 1.OO-1 -
Carrots: Steady; 3 dozen. 1.65-1. o.
ordinary. 1.25; Santa Maria dozen. 3. 95
dozen. $50; ONnard dozen. 3.e5; local
80 pounds. l.50-175
Carrots: Stronger; ; dozen. 15O-1 50 {:
iced crates Santa Maria. ; dozen. $50;
local 50-pound sacks. 1.25-1.50.
Cabbage: Stronger Cannonball crates.
2.25-2. -; fair, 90; SO-pound sacks,
l. so; Savoy crates. so; red cabbage.
3.O0-3 so crate.
Celery: Stronger: Pascal 2O-22 in. crates
2.O0-250: fair, lis; ordinary. 1.25-l. so:
Sturdee crates. 3.2o-3.50
CucumberS: Stronger; all districts. lugs,
best. 2o0-2.50; fair, 1.50-L75; ordinary.
1.O0-125.
Onions: Dull. street sales 50-pound sacks
Spanish. S5c-1.OO: fair. 75c: white Globe.
1902 90: fair, l. .25; boilers, white Globe.
2.50-2. IS; fair. 200.
Peas: Dull: Imperial per pound. best.
l4c; Santa Maria, ordinary. 3-4c round.
Potatoes: Steady; street sales 100 pound
bag, long whites Guyana US1 A 3. 500
3.75; bakers. US1 4.00-4.10.
Squash: Stronger; white summer, all
districts. lugs, best. 2.OO-2. so: fair, l So
It's; ordinary, 1.25; Imperial crates best.
1852. 90: fair, 1.25-1.5 50; Italian. all dis
tricts, lugs. best. 2.OO-2.25; fair, $50
It's; No. 2s 1O0-1. 25; Imperial crates,
1.75-2.00; fair, 1.25-1.5O
Sweet potatoes: Steady Per pound: All
varieties, best, 6-6.sc; comb SC, jumbos
= = 4c: No. 2s 1S2I&c.
Tomatoes: Stronger. LugS. 4x5s to 5X6S
i.O0-4.50: fair, 3.OO-35O; 6X6s 1903. rs +;
fair. 800; 6N7s. .50-30O; san Luis Obispo
iN5s to 5X6s, best. 425-4.75: ordinary
=. 25-2.75; Santa Maria ix5s to 5x6s
i.O0-4.50; Kern Co. 4X5s to 5X6s 3.5O-4. O0
Santa Barbara player 4X5S TO 5x6s. 800
$50: SKIS. =. 75-300; 6X7S, $50; 3-layer
6X7S 800
Imperial Valley press., 1944-11-17
MPLS. FLAX FUTURES
L. A. STOCKS

Los Angeles. Nov. II. UP)-Trading
was slow on the Los Angeles stock eX-
change Friday with 400 shares sold. with
issues up. : issues down and issues
unchanged.
The list: Broadway Department Stores
200 at 1714, down X Pacific Indemnity
100 at 4s1z unchanged: Transamerica 1OC
al 94s. unchanged; Pacific Gas common
200 at 34ls. up =: Southern California
Edison 100 at 25a. down i. Consolidated
Steel common 100 at 1877. up = Consoli-
dated Steel preferred 100 at 27. un-
changed; General Motors 100 at 49,.
down = Lockheed 100 at 207.. down l..
Lane Wells 100 at 49,. up u Ryan 100
at 5s, unchanged.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-11-17
MADIChN MAY BE OUT

IOWA CITY, Ia, Nov. II. CUP)-
1t was indicated Friday that Edward
Slip Madigan may not return
next year as football coach for the
University of Iowa but neither
Mndigan nor university officials
confirmed the report. Madigan said
that Iowa had been very good to
me- and that Il will not be able to
discuss my future plans for several
days" Friends had said that busi-
ness interests on the Pacific coast
would prevent Madigan from re-
turning.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-11-17
BRUINS TIGERS ALL SET
LOS ANGELES, Nov. II. ~

The UCLA Bruins Friday we're set
for their tilt with the College OF
Pacific Tigers Saturday in the Col
iseum. Bruin reserves may play a
good part of the game if the first
string is able to put a safe margin
up on the big electric scoreboaro
Coach Babe Horell said. There are
in the early phases of the game
ten players yet to get the required
45 minutes of playing time fol
their letters and Horrell is anXiou.
to see that they get recognition.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-11-17
invasion, Losses
Reach 200,34q

WASHINGTON, Nov. II. CUP)-
The war department announced
that U. S. army casualties in
France, the LoWlands and the Ger
man border region from the time
of the invasion to November | to-
tailed 200,349.
CT these, 35,884 are listed as killed,
145, 783 wounced, and 1855 missing.
Casualties of the Seventh army,
which landed in southern France,
as we'll as the armies which came
through northern France are in
cluded in the total. U. S. airforces
casualties are not included.
Total army casualties Of World
War II through October %, were
437,356.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-11-17
". I. STOCKS

Rev York Nov L. urPl Stocks
lacked direction Friday drifting aiulcsS-
~ as Wall Street awaited further news OF
the Allied rush In Europe.
A forecast nf probable big news was
read by traders into President Roose-
Nciiss disclosure that he was forced By Ger
tain actions IN Europe 10 delay his appear
Hncc AT his regular press conference by
80 minutes. He did not enlarge on that
remark, however.
Outside the main list of stocks a num-
ber of spccialties registered wide gains.
Particularly among senior utilities In that
group gains ranged TO more than points
IN Standard Gas peferred which
equaled its 1914 top.
Iefner Stores rose more than a point TO
a new peak for the year but mcrChandiS-
ing shares generally showed little reac-
tion TO Dun & BradStreets announcement
thai retail sales in the latest week were
up TO II per cent as Christmas shop
pin gathers momentum.
Preliminary closing DoW-Jones averages :
Industrial 1877 up O.10; railroad Il 81
up 0.04. utility 10, off 003. Is stocks,
50 81. up 003
Sales totaled 705, $50 shares compared
with si7. $50 Thursday. Curb turnover was
240,345 shares against 21S, 440 shares
Thursday.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-11-17
Economist Sees
Many Reasons
To Be Thankful
By ROGER W. BABSON

BABSON PARK. Mass, Nov. IL
On our coming Thanksgiving Day
We have much for which to be
thankful. l should like to comment
specifically upon 10 reasons:
!. First and foremost, we can cele-
brate this year for the same reason
/ that cceasioned the first Thanks
giving of the Pilgrim Colony in 1923,
namely. i fine harvest. Crop yields
/ this year surpaSS all previous rec
ords. There is plenty of wheat, corn
and other farm products for us to
feed ourselves and the needy every
where.
.. without health and strength
none of us can work or think eff
ciently. Combined with the right
spiritual outlook, health Is the
greatest of all blessings. The past
year has seen an Improvement in
both on the part of the American
people.
3. Although the Thanksgiving
season finds us in the midst OF our
greatest war, we should be thankful
for the progress which has been
made toward a successful peace. We
are justified in believing the Euro
pean war will be over in few
months and the hope that total
peace may come before another
Thanksgiving Day.
Whether Republicans or Demo-
l-f,
we live in a country where a free
election can be held Here is tangi-
BILE evidence CT the continued eX-
istence of our country as a true
democracy.
5. We should be thankful for the
moral and physical courage that our
men and women have shown both at
home and at the front. Our fighting
forces first believe that they are
engaged in great moral crusade'
and. second. they have the courage
to back up their beliefs.
6. Our people should be thankful
for full employment and fair wages.
No one need be without a job today.
AS a result, old debts are being set
tied and. to the JOY of the retailer,
large sales are being rung up on
cash registers.
7 We who believe in free enter
prise should be thankful that values
have kept up so well. Our rulers at
WASHINGTON are showing more JUS
tice and less prejudice. They are
beginning to realize that people
should be encouraged to save as
we'll as to spend.
8. We should be thankful for our
newspapers and the evidence their
pages contain of our continued right
of free speech; of the privilege that
every American has to write MS
editor and. if worthy, get his letter
published. More than the peoples
of any other nation, we are pelng
kept informed as to what is going
en-.
Our business leaders are re-
sponsible for many of our blessings.
They represent part CT our natlonai
life that has become almost COM
monplace. We should all be more
grateful to them as we'll as to their
wage workers.
10. Last. but by nc means least
we should be thankful for our
churches. There is today, in accord
with our more serious thinking,
deepening of interest in spiritual
affairs. Church attendance is in
creasing and there is a greater de-
sire for a larger participation in
church work and personal medita-
ton. 1t is heartening to many OF us
cid timers" to see people again
reaching for the more important
things in life.
Yes. we have much to be thankful
for this year
Imperial Valley press., 1944-11-17
OUT FOR BLOOD

LOS ANGELES. Nov. II. CUP)-
The University of Southern Calf
ornia Troians entrain at $50 pm.
Friday for their second try of the
season at a win over the California
Bears. The first game ended in a
tie, but the Trojans are hoping to
score a win as Coach Stub Sur
prise" Allison has lost IA footballers
since then.