The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1944-11-22
. BEHIND THE SCENES
IN WASHINGTON .

the Representatives from the
four powers could agree. With
out this preliminary agreement
there could be no final United
Nations conference. Look on the
Dumbarton Oaks proposals,
therefore, not as the document
that will go TO Congress for rat
ification and adoption, but as a
basic memorandum for your
luncheon club or your favorite
parlor or high school debating
society. Take it up one chapter
at time.
Chapter / deals with the four
principal purposes which a post
war organization of the United
Nations should have. In simpli-
fled and condensed language
they are: !. To maintain peace.
2. To develop friendly relations
among nations. 3. To promote
cooperation among nations in
building world trade and to
raise the standards of living
throughout the world. 4. To set
up clearing house through
which these things can be done.
IAN OUNCE OF
PREVENTION"
In maintaining peace, which is
the first purpose of the proposed
United Nations organization,
the idea is simply to stop wars
before they happen, settling dis
putes between nations by peace
full means such as a World Court
or arbitration or armed force if
that's necessary. Under such
procedure, acts of aggression
such as have started other recent
wars-the Italian conquest of
Ethiopia, the japanese seizure
of Manchuria, the German sci
cure Of Austria-Simply would
not be permitted TO happen. Any
disturbance which threatened
the peace Of the world would
automatically become the bust
ness of this proposed United Ma
tons organization, whether it
was border dispute between
Russia and Finland or a row be-
tween Bolivia and Paraguay over
the Gran Chaco, of primary in
terest to only those nations con-
cerned.
To understand fully the pur-
pose of this United Nations or
ganization., perhaps one good
thing to start with is an under
standing of what the United Ma
tons is not.
Most important of all, it is not
proposed to make this United
Nations organization a super
state. Every one of the United
Nations would retain its full
sovereignty and would, of course,
conduct its own internal affairs
as it chose, so long as its conduct
did not threaten the peace OF
any other nation.
A revolution in China or In
dia or Argentina or Spain, 10
change its form of government,
would be none of the United
Nations business. If, however,
there were another revolution
in Spain and Germany began to
aid one side while Russia aided
the other, that would become a
threat to or breach of the
peace of the world and as such it
would be very much the business
of the United Nations.
SPECIFIC MATTERS
NOT COVERED
How the United Nations would
look on mutual defense pacts,
such as the 20-year agreement
between Great Britain and Sow
let Russia, or the mutual defense
agreement of the American Re-
publiCs, is not covered in the
Dumbarton proposals. There are
many specific matters not COW
cred. The draft of the propos-
ais written at Dumbarton Oaks
is general in many respects. In
sense, that is considered an
advantage as it leaves the pro-
posals open for amendment and
the suggestions of other nations.
And the more general an agree
ment, the broader its principles,
the longer it may last.