davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Dirva = Field. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1915-current, 1944-06-02

Zymus 18-to amziaus filoso-
fas mokslininkas Montesqieu,
kalbedamas apie valstybes val
dymo formas, pabreze kad ne
galima visoms valstybems nu-
liedinti vieno, idealaus, valdy-
mo standardo, bet kad kick
viena -valstybe, atsizvelgiant j
geopolitines ir istorines sally
gas, privalo susirasti individu-
ALA, jai geriausia tinkama, val
dymo forma. Taciau ir ia pa
sirinktoji forma nera pastovus
dalykas, nuolat kintas, prisi-
taikas prie kintamu laiko ir
gyvenimo salygu reiskinys. Pa
sistate is vienos puses teisin-
gumo, is kitos = valstybes in
teresu kriteriju, mes galime
tureti daugiausia vilties ir ne
tik surasti tinkamiausia att
tinkamos valstybes forma, bet
ir ia nuolat priderinti prie be-
sikeicianciu salygu; sitai savu
ruoztu laiduos valstybes ejima
priekin sykiu SUI gyvenimu ir
neleis jai sustingti negyvuose
remuose.
Montesqieu, aiskus dalykas,
neatrado naujos tiesos, o tik
moksliSkuose remuose patieke
tai kas paties gyvenimo buvo
atrasta ir patvirtinta. Apie
200 metu praslinko nuo jo gy-
venamojo laiko Xxi musu laiku,
ir mes dar syki, pakartotinai,
gavome isitikinti jo. paskelbtu
minciu teisingumu. Imkime
kad ir jo paties tevyne Pran-
cuzija. Laikas ir gyvenimo
salygos kelis kartus kaitaliojo
jos valstybine forna, vienais
tarpais gal surasdamas daug
MAJ tinkama, kitais - ne taip
jau idealia santvarka.
Po Liudviko 14-to absolute
emo, po monarchijos ir di-
dziausios socialines nelygybes
atejo liberalizmas su viska su-
lyginti norinciomis demokrati-
nemis idejomis. Netenka abe
joti kad is vieno krastutinu-
mo buvo pereita j kita, ir po
kurio laiko is nuolat naujomis
konstitucijomis besidabinancios
jaunutes d kra tijos, vel
gryzta j absoliutizma, 81 karta
Napoleonines Prancuzu Impe-
rijos formoje. Napoleonui zlu-
gus, vel gryzta senaja Bour-
bonu monarchija, bet if ia ne
trukus nusivilta: is cia Pran-
cuzijos Respublika, 0 po jos
vel Napoleono III imperija, kol,
pagaliau, Napoleonui III pra-
laimejus kara Bismarko vado-
vaujamai Prusijai, po viduJl-
niu suiruciu Prancuzija vel
qgryzo, 81 karta jau bent 70 me-
tn laikotarpiui, demokratines
formos respublika.
Pirmasis pasaulinis karas
nesugebejo isjudinti Prancuzu
demokratines respublikos pa
matu, bet tragisku pasekmlv
Prancuzijai turejes antrasls
pasaulinis karas sykiu reiske
ir Prancuzijos demokratlJoS
pabaiga. Vichy rezimo tik jal
negalima pavadinti demokratl
niu met ir tue metu kal Pran
cuziia dar nebuvo Vokieciu vi
sal okupuota), o ir De Gaulle
kick jis pasireiske Xxi siol, ne
Dirva = Field. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1915-current, 1944-06-02
l-aiidas

Montesaieu Doktrina kekvenas Valstybe Turf Indivi-
dualai Susirasti Savo Valdymosi Forma. Tos For
Kintamumas. Demokratijos Ivairumas. De-
mokratija r JOS Sarysis Pilieciu Gerove. Sis
Karas ne tick Karas tarp Demokratijos ir Dix
taturos, kick Karas del Pasaulnes Vadovybes.
Dirva = Field. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1915-current, 1944-06-02

eAMERIKOJE, kaip apskai-
ciuota, per metus ligoninese
buna pasidavusiq gydy.tis su-
virs 10 milijonu atmenu.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-10-26
Rent Adjustments
Held Necessary .

"prcfiteering" landlords, Edmunds
declared that it is the aim of that
office to iron out difficulties, dis
agreements and misunderstanc ings'
before advising that the matter of
adjustment be brought before en-
forcement authorities. He said that
appropriate adjustments" will be
made in cases of landlords making
"too good thing" of wartime rent
ais
Tenants, too. have a responsible
ity, ECmundS went on, for aside
from adhering to rental stipulations,
they are asked to avoid unnecessary
neglect and prevent damage to
property as a means of aiding in
the conservation of critical war ma
terials.
No rent determination is absolute
OF closed and may be reopened at
any time for consi6 Grafton of new
evidence, Edmunds pointed out
Both landlord and tenant have the
prerogative of requesting a hearing
ON any question on point of differ
ence.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-10-26
Allied Advance
In Holland
SCatters Nazis

SU P R E M E HEADQUARTERS,
AEF, PARIS, Oct. 26. CAPITALIZED
amphibious forces were reported by
Berlin to be landing on Walcheren
and Beveland Thursday in a bid to
open the sea lanes to Antwerp,
while to the east German general
retreat in western Holland was be-
coming disorderly in some sectors.
Mere than $4,000 Germans were in
the retreat along a 100-mile front
as British and Canadian armies
closed swiftly against every major
stronghold in shrinking pocket
below the lower Mas river
Other Canadian units, corking the
bottleneck of the Beveland above
the lower Schelde estuary, struck
westward three miles from captured
Rilland along the south side OF the
isthmus,
The right wing of the Canadian
First army struck out along an
eight-mile front during the night
and by dawn had advanced three
miles to within 10 miles OF Breda'
at the center of the Dutch 'front.'
which already was threatened by
positions less than five miles away
Imperial Valley press., 1944-10-26
B-2q'S Blast War Plants
On Jop Home land Island

The attack, one of the most eff
fective long-range bombing mis-
sions yet made by the B-29's, turn
ed the target areas at Omura into
huge mass of flame and crewmen
reported that smoke from the con-
flagration scared more than three
miles into the air.
"a U. S. War Department an
nouncement at Washington said one
Superfortre IS had failed to return,
but a japanese communique, re-
corded by FEC, claimed that five
B-29'S had been shot down and 19
others were substantially damag-
edO
Flying more than 5000 miles. the
SuperfortreSses dropped capacity
bombloads of high explosives and
incendiaries on Omura, site of one
of the main assembly plants OF
japanese Zero fighter planes.
Omura is on the eastern side of
Kyushu, 13 miles northeast of Naga-
saki and 25 miles southeast of the
naval base of Sasebo, both of which
have been hit previously by the Goth
bomber commands planes.
The attack, in which the B-29's
encountered stiff fighter opposition
and antiaircraft fire, followed eight
days after the complete destruction
of air installations on Formosa AND
opened the campaign to knock out
Japan's own air defenses.
Crewmen, veterans of all previous
B-29 missions, claimed the bombing
of Omura was the best they had
ever seen, and one pilot, Captain
Charles M. Colon, 30, Reedley, Cali
fornia, said the whole target areas
were flaming when we left, with
smoke rising more than $4,000 feet.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-10-26
E. f. Council Puts
Approval on
BUDGET for M.@

FL Centro Councii Ir.cmoers meet
ing in special session Wednesday
night approved a S4l9, ,264.75 budget
for the year 1944-45, Sl5,246.05 above
that of last year
The budget was approved as a
whole, but consideration was taken
of a $113,60O capital outlay. AL
though wartime restrictions of vital
materials make it impossible to go
ahead with certain projects out
lined, the Council included such
work in the capital outlay in order
that it might be accomplished at
the earliest possible date.
The outlay includes: Street de-
partment, $4,000; water depart
ment. $4,000, and sewer department,
$4,000. In the case of the latter,
maintenance and repair must be
it was set out.
Council hopes to accumulate nee
essary funds from accessed valua-
tons, tax rates, possible state and
Continued IN Pg. 6, Col. p
Imperial Valley press., 1944-10-26

to destroy their stores nor to at
tempt to cart them with them.
With the capture of Kirkenes
several large Nazi air bases and
submarine installations which the
Germans had usec to attack Allied
Arctic conveys fell into Russian
hands.
Soviet reports from East Prussia
said violent battles were raging on
the approaches to strategic town,
presumably Insterburg, although the
city was not named by the reports
The dispatches said the Red army
had penetrated the outer defense
system of the city anc were pre-
pairing to assault the city itself.
The Germans were pouring mass
es of self-propelled artillery into
the East PrusSian battle.
(1he German communique claim
ed that in four days fighting in
East Prussia the Russians lost 295
tanks and 102 guns.
German prisoners said that their
officers forced them to sign pledges
that they would fight to the last
man. Behind German forward posi-
tions units of SIS officers anc men
were stationed with tommyguns to
shoot down any soldiers who at
tempted to retreat.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-10-26
Guards Placed
At Water Basin

If you're thinking of taking a
swim in or maybe just going to look
at the settling basins at Eighth
street, south of Ross avenue, better
think again and go elsewhere! Rea-
son number one an armed
guard has been posted night and
day at that site. Reason number
two ;. his instructions are to shoot
first and ask questions later
Action was taken. according to
E. Paul Ford, city engineer and di-
rector of public works. who issued
the warning. when it was discovered
that vandals had uprooted mo
Trespassing" and other signs and
hurled them together with large
tool box into the basins Tuesday
night
Ford said that it is understood
that groups of teen age boys have
been swimming there, and it is be-
lieved that they were responsible for
the act.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-10-26
Chamber Backs
State Guard

its military affairs committee,
headed by Russell Haas.
Appeal for chamber support was
made at the meeting by three men,
bers of the guard, Major Elmer
Heald, Captain H. x. McClimans
and Captain John Kepley.
Complete accord with the an
nounced plans and the plea OF the
guard officers for support followed
their appearance.
The action taken by the board is
in step with a countrywide effort
to bring all units to full strength.
Renewed interest is evident through
out the valley in the enlistment
drive with the BraWley unit having
been brought to top strength in a
recent drive there.
Imperial and Cale%ico units also
are to be built up as the movement
gains momentum, it has been an
nounced.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-10-26
0PA Opens Quiz
On Alleged
Rule Violations

Second hearing in FL Centre III
the last few weeks got under way
Thursday morning wherein the Of
flee of Prfce Administration is
charging number of Ell Centre
businessmen with violation of var
ious rules of the federal bureau.
Conducting the hearing is b.
Mitchell Palmer, commissioner for
)PA with headquarters at San Fran
CISCO
First to appear at the morning
session were operators of the Cook
Market and the Rice Bowl.
Disposition of their cases Waitel
announcement
The hearings will continue on
through the rest of the week, with
morning and afternoon sessions in
Council chambers, city hall.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-10-26
Chinese AnnihiIdte Jops
In kwan9si Province

CHUNGKING, Oct. 26.
(UP)-Chinese troops have
annihilated a japanese col
umn at Sun Kiangkou. %
miles northeast of threaten
ed Kweilin, in what military
spokesmen described Thurs
day as a major victory" in
defense of the Kwangsi prov
ince capital.
Front dispatches disclosed the
enemy spearheac marched into a
trap set by the Chinese at Sung
kiangkou The defenders first cut
the japanese retreat in the rear,
then swooped down from the other
three sides Monday and wiped out
the entire enemy force.
Large supplies of military equip
ment were captured at Sungkiang-
kou. and approximately 600 enemy
sole iers killed, wounded or captured.
Dispatches reported the Chinese
also have attacked another of the
remaining four Kweilin-bound jap
anese spearheads at Kaotienhu, %
Imperial Valley press., 1944-10-26
Planes Collide:
II Men Die

RENO, New, Oct. &C. (UP)-
Twelve men were killed when two
GAG transport planes collided above
Reno army air field Thursday while
returning from routine training
flight, air base officials announced.
Cause of the mid-air collision
has not been Immediately deter
mined because there were no eye
witnesses to the early morning ac-
cident, the first fatal accident in
more than $500 hours of flying at
the base.
Lieutenant Colonel Robert w.
Sanford, base commander, has ap-
pointed board of officers from the
local ferrying division base to in
vestigate.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-10-26
Two Directors
Of &C Resiun

designations of directors, Ira w.
Kinsey, former manager of the
Security First National Bank, and
Al Missildine, manager of the Sears
Roebuck company from the chamber
of commerce were accepted We'd
nesday night at the regular meet
ing of the board.
Kinsey was vice president of the
board. He is being transferred to
the Hollywood branch of the bank
as vice president on November l.
MiSSildine advised the board he
was unable to continue his duties
because of health condition.
Action to fill the vacancies has
not been taken. it was announced.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-10-26

He reported that Field Marshal
Count Juichi .Terauchi's forces in
that sector were "disintegra ting
THIRD LARGEST, ISLAND
The invasion of Samar, third larg-
est island in the Philippines, was
made by Major General Verne D.
Mucge First dismounted cavalry
division, which made 17-mile am
phibious drive up the eastern coast
of Leyte and crossed over the mar
row San Juanica strait.
Although MacArthur's commune
que said the landing was made on
the southern coast of Samar, which
gave the Americans control of the
eastern shore of the strait, the cav
alrymen apparently landed at a
point about 80 miles southeast of
iluZon.
The northeastern tip of Samar, an
'slanc OF 5l24 square miles, is sep
arated from Luzon by the l2-mile
wide San Bernardino strait.
The landing on Samar was a cul-
hlnination of amphibious jumps north
from Tacloban in which Mudge,s
troops seized the villages of IVAN
and Babatngon, the latter II miles
north of the Leyte capital.
Front dispatches saio a group of
IL to IS Japanese pombers attempt
ed to raio the troops which invad-
ed Samar, but 10 of them were
shot down by anti-aircraft fire The
dispatch said the Americans were
led by Major F. Raymond King,
Tucson, Arizona, and Major Leon
ard Smith, Omaha, Nebraska.
JAPS HARD HIT
Macarthur also disclosed that the
Japanese suffered heavy losses in
an attempted large-scale daylight
attack ON American shipping in
Leyte gulf shortly after dawn Tues
day.
Carrier fighters broke up the for
nations and shot down SO planes
from the raiding force. while anti
aircraft guns bagged three others.
In the campaign ON Leyte, it
was announced that U. S. forces
had seized 10 towns and villages
and three airfields in the last "a
hours to give them firm control of
the northern end of the island.
The biggest gain was made near
the southern end OF the 43-mile
American line, where troops of the
Seventh division advanced three
miles across Leyte and captured
the junction town of Burauen. The
terminus of the inland highway Is
only 1872 miles from the west coast
of Leyte. opposite the island of
Cebu, where Philippines President
Sergio Csmena was born.
COUNTERATTACK FAILS
United Press Correspondent H. E.
Spring, with the Seventh division,
reported that the Japanese mace
a fierce counter-attack near Bur-
auen, but were repulsed in bitter
bayonet battle.
The Seventh division troops also
seized Burr airport. four miles north
west of San Pablo, and two air
Continued on Page 6, Col. 81
Imperial Valley press., 1944-10-26
Nin1itz' Report
On Jap Losses
In Two.Day Tilt

WASHINGTON, Oct. 26. (UP) -
Following is the text of Admiral
Chester W. Nimitz' Pacific fleet
communique No. 166:
"On October "a (West longitude
date the enemy carrier task force
which had been sited in the Phil
ippine sea on the previous afternoon
operating from japanese home wat
ers was attacked by a convoy of
aircraft, surface ships and submar-
ines of the Pacific fleet during the
day and the following night. Des-
plte their support by enemy air.
craft from Luzon, the following
damage was inflicted with no dam
age to our ships involved in this
action.
Zone larger carrier exploded
and sunk;
"One large carrier was severely
damaged by bombs and tOrpedOes
and is believed to have sunk.
One light carrier is definitely
sunk.
HTwO battleships were probably
sunk.
1.-TWO light cruisers were defin-
itely sunk.
'sTwO battleships, three cruis-
ers and a number of destrOyers
withdrew to the nOrthward in a.
damaged condition.
"On October "a carrier task
group of the Third fleet assisted
,,,itc of tha Couontt, flaat IL, striE
ing a force of enemy battleships
cruisers and destroyers which had
SORTED through San BernardinO
strait and was attacking escort
carriers of the Seventh fleet off the
Lezte gulf. Reports available in
craft from the escort carriers, the
following damage was inflicted on
this enemy force:
'.One heavy cruiser was seen
to sink.
-Four battleships were heavily
damaged by bombs and left the
scene at low speed trailing oil.
'SOne destroyer was left dead
in the water.
about midnight 24-25 October
this enemy force withdrew through
the San BernardinO strait in a
badly damaged condition. Dur
ing the night, surface ships of the
Pacific fleet sank cruiser of
the enemy's force.
''Pacific fleet carrier aircraft on
October 25 were continuing to at
tack this force during its retire
ment through the Sibuyan Sea.
This incomplete report will be
amplified as further details become
available"
Imperial Valley press., 1944-10-26
Siimson Warns
Of Stubborn
Jap Resistance

WASHINGTON, Oct. 26. (UP)-
Secretary of War Henry L. Stimson
warned Thursday that increasingly
stubborn japanese resistance must
be anticipated in the Philippines de-
spite the brilliant American naval
victory
He told news conference landing
of General Douglas MacArthur's
forces in Leyte was a challenge
which the Japanese could not re-
fuse, and that the landings repre-
sented the complete naturalization
of the increasing, suffocating pres
sure which is being brought to bear
on the stolen japanese empire.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-10-26

An estimated 40 per cent
of Imperial Valley rental reg
istrations, totaling $3.50, nee
essitated adjustment by Area
Rent Control, X. r. Ed
munds, director, said Thurs
day. Rental slashings con-
stituted one half of that per-
centage, approved increases,
the other half.
I'VE have come across compar-
atively few so-called 'profiteerS',"
EdmundS sale. "A majority of the
valleys landlords are not only liv-
ing up to the letter of rental regu-
lations, but have maintained
fair and considerate relationship
with their tenants. They're trying
to cooperate In every way possible,
and seem to feel that in that way
they're doing their part to help
further the overall war effort
Asked If the rental control office
has mace any attempt to deal with
Imperial Valley press., 1944-10-26
Forts Rain Bombs
On Rlhr Areas

LONDON, Oct. 26. CUP)-More
than 1900 U. S. Flying Fortresses
and Liberators, escorted by $50 Mus
tang and Thunderbolt fighters. as
sailed industrial targets at Bielefeld,
Munster, and Hanover Thursday,
blasting new gaps in the Ruhr in
dustrial area which lies on the di-
rect route between the northern
end of the western front and Ber-
lin.
Eighth U. S. Air Force headquar-
ters said the bombing was done by
instruments through an overcast.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-10-26

guard casualties reported az OF
Thursday totaled 69,705. including
2783l dead, 27857 wounded, g537
missing and 4480 prisoners OF war.
OF the army wounded. Siimson
said lO3.5O4 had been returned to
duty.
He also reported that army ground
forces casualties In Italy 10 October
l6 totaled 9l,063 OF these 1878
were killed, 62,l84 wounded and
li,9t1 missing.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-10-26
Nips Army Divided
In Leyte Thrusts
New Victory Starts Conquest Of
Third Largest Phil ippines
Unit. Farther on Way to Tokyo

GEN. MACARTHUR'S HEADQUARTERS, Leyte Oct
26. (UP)-American troops have landed Samar and
seized the southern of the island barrier the
Philippines before Luzon, while other forces extended
their gains Leye to bring 81 towns and villages and
airfelds under u s. control General Douglas Macarthur
announced Thursday.
Macarthur also disclosed that American troops had
driven 10 miles inland to capture the road junction of
Burauen splitting the Japanese forces northern eyte
Imperial Valley press., 1944-10-26
TROOPS LAND ON SAMAR ISLAND
{ Of { Selects
Outlook as
New Secretary
Board Acts Unanimously
In Naming Official;
Begins Mapping Program

w. G.. Outlook was unani-
mously elected to the posi-
tion of secretary-manager of
FL Centro's Chamber of Com
merce at a meeting of that
organizations board of direc-
tors in chamber offices We'd
nesday night. The place be-
came vacant last August by
the resignation of c. Ben
Herring.
Charles C. Bramkamp, president
of the chamber, who made the ap-
pointment announcement, said that
due consideration had been given
several bic for the position, but
board members. without exception,
felt that Duflock was "the man for
the job. Outlook was notified of his
appointment Thursday morning.
EYES PROGRAM
Asked if he had formulated any
program, Outlook said that IL was
100 early to anticipate an outline OF
activities, but expressed his belief
that 1.-The job must start right here
in Ell Centre then we can
branch out"
II hope with the aid of the beard
to make the chamber a clearing
house of information for the buSi-
nessmen of the town." Outlook con-
tinuec. "And-though I know the
idea is not new with the chamber
I hope then to do my best to sell
Ell Centre outside of the valley.
SEES WORK AHEAD
ut has long been felt that El
Centric is an ideal spot for winter
sports, recreation and resorts, but
I think we will evidence something
more positive than just a belief
shortly"
Outlook said a major job will be
to cement cooperation within Ell
Centro itself.
1t is anticipated that the newly
Continued on Pc. 6. Col. 81
Imperial Valley press., 1944-10-26


With winter alreacy at hand on
the bleak Varangerfiord of Nor
ways northernmost tip the routed
Germans faced humiliation at the
hands of Soviet forces. The alterna-
tive was a starving. freezing retreat
across the almost trackless wastes.
Front dispatches to the Soviet
press reported Thursday that the
Red army had seized full years
stock of Nazi Laplan6 army sup
plies when it captured KirkeneS.
The booty included three enormous
ammunition and fuel dumps and
dozens of warehouses loaded with
food anC winter equipment.
The combined Russian assault
from sea and land trapped the
/. Germans, compelling them to flee
so rapidly they neither had time
Imperial Valley press., 1944-10-26
CITY COUNCIL APPROVES
NINE TAX CANCELLATIONS

Nine certificates of tax cancella-
tions were approved by Ell Centro's
city council Wednesday night in a
special session.
They were: Number 2O8, covering
Lot 8, Block SO, first add. townsite;
number 209, personal property, num-
ber 2l0, Lot g. Block IA, Van
Armen subdivision, third add num-
ber 2l1, Lot u, Block %, first add;
number 212, Lot 7. Block %, first
add; number 13. Lot II, Block 46,
townsite; number pa, Lot IL, Block
3, Stones Pacific add; number 215,
Lot 13, Block 2, townsite, and num-
Der 2l6, west 80 feet of the north
$50 feet, Block "a, second add, per-
sonal property,
Imperial Valley press., 1944-10-26
500 Soldiers
Send Back
Voted Ballots

Soldier ballots continued to pour
into the office of County Clerk w
j. McClelland in Ell Centre Thurs
day, reaching grand total of 500
to date.
Applications for soldiers ballots
may be received by county clerks
until November 2. All ballots voted
by servicemen must be in the hands
of the county clerk by November
"a, McClelland said. November 2
McClf Hand pointed out, is the last
day for receiving civilian as we'll as
soldier applications for absentee
ballCtS.
Imperial Valley press., 1944-10-26
u. s. Casualties
Reach 472,77q

WASHINGTON, Oct. 26. CUP)-
Officially announced Americ n
combat casualties in this war
reached 472.779 Thursday.
Secretary of War Henry l.. Slim
son said army casualties through
October IA totaled 403,074, includ-
ing 1882 killed, 220,529 wounded,
5l,OO9 missing and 53,Ol4 prisoners
of war.
Navy, marine corps and coast
Imperial Valley press., 1944-10-26

That Ell Centro's Chamber of
Commerce favors recruitment of IS
men from this area to augment
ranks of the California State Guard
was made known Wednesday night
when members of the board of di-
rectors went on record as approving
any and all support that the cham
Der can give the program through