davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-08-11
The Trip to Honolulu

The Presidents trip to Honolulu
gave him a well-earned rest from
Office routine and chance to absorb
fresh air and sunshine in a delight
full climate and in the stimulating
atmosphere of busy center of war
activity. Undoubtedly he returns
refreshed and invigorated and with
more zest for his exacting work in
Washington than when he left.
The trip also gave the President
fine opportunity to exchange views
and talk frankly with the men in
active command of the theaters
where blows will be struck in coming
months to knock Japan out of the
war. His conversations with General
MacArthur-whom the President has
not seen since the war began-and
with Admiral Nimitz and others
should be mutually beneficial. The
President will have a better under
standing of some of the problems
facing the military men and they
will have heard his own account of
some of the considerations which
shape global strategy. Discussions
around a table are always more
helpful than the exchange of formal
communications through channels.
Thus the trip must have been
worth while for what it was. Any
Skepticism as to its value will have
been invited by the Presidents own
tendency to overdramatize it's pur-
poses, as when, en- route, he told the
hushed throng of delegates in Chi
cago-in radio response to his NOM
ination for a fourth term-that Il
am now at this naval base in the
performance of my duties under the
Constitution. The war waits for no
elections Decisions must be made,
plans must be laid, strategy must be
carried out. They do not concern
merely a party or group. They will
affect the lives of Americans for
generations to come"
The skeptic, of course, will doubt
that the war was waiting for the
Presidents arrival in Honolulu any
more than it was waiting for cleo
lions; Or that decisions, planning
and the execution of strategy de-
pended on the Presidents personal
contact in that salubrious spot with
General Macarthur, Admiral Nimitz
and some of their subordinates. And
If the conference brought decisions
affecting the lives of Americans for
generations to come, the present
generation, at least, would feel more
comfortable had they been reached
with the technical and other advice
of General Marshall, Admiral King,
General Arnold and their own
stats here in Washington.
The President had sound reasons
for going to Honolulu and his coun-
trymen will wish him we'll for it, for
his health's sake and for the conduct
of the war. But there is reason to
fear that at times the Commander
in Chief doth protest too much as to
the complete enforcement of the af-
fairs of that office and those of
politically astute candidate for the
fourth term.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-08-11
This Changing World
BY Cossfdnfins Bro,vn

The Germans are withdrawing their
troops from Southern France and are
endeavorine to concentrate As large
force as possible In the northeastern
part OF the country where the important
battles between the French and the
Germans have been fought for hundreds
Of years.
1t seems certain that Paris will be de-
iended. The French capital is impor.
tant to the beiligerents only from the
point OF morale and prestige. Its strate-
gic value is Of little consequence. The
Germans will make strong efforts to
hold the capital Of Europe" while the
Allies regard its occupation as q symbol
Of their power.
The rapid withdrawal of German
troops. from the south leaves that area
practically undefended and open to
landings from the sea. It Is expected
that IN the near future even a token
force OF Frenchmen will be able to raise
the tricolor over that area again.
From close examination Of the pres
ent German strategy, it is obvious to
military observers that the new Naz
nigh command Is endeavoring to gain
time. The German troops will fight
stubborn delaying actions
on large scale with the usual coun-
ter thrusts but will not become involved
In any battle Of a decisive nature.
From the broadcasts by Hitlers polit-
ical and military propagandists. 1t Is
apparent that the Germans need time
more desperately than ever. This is due
to two reasons: Cd new mysterious Sc
cret weapons are said to be in produce
ton and Hitler hopes to be able to throw
them against the Allies before thew
reach the German borders; co a ire
mendous revamping OF the entire off,
GERS corps is in progress and 1t will be
some time before the SIS men who are
replacing the Reichswehr officers can
familiarize themselves with the troops
under their command and with the sit
uatton on all fronts
In discussing these matters for the
benefit OF German audiences, Propa-
ganda Minister Goebbels says that since
the entry Of the United States In the
war Hitler had foreseen a period of
elastic defensive battles"-the term
used by the Germans to indicate their
defeats-preceding the ANAL showdown
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-08-11
Wants Pattern for Peace
To the Editor of The Star:

To the Editor Of The Star:
Anent world conditions and especially
the making of the peace, there is the
long view and the short view, the large
view and the narrow, punitive view.
There are people who believe that
peace terms are long overdue; others
think that there will be time enough
when the war is won. Some of us be-
lieve that If we ever are to have a
prolonged peace, we must change from
primitive and barbaric to civilized
and preventive modus operandi. 9th
erwise we are like people who build a
city without water plugs and fire de-
partment, and then go on Furnishing
one incendiary after another and our
selves at the same time, instead Of
stopping the CONGREGATIONS.
Maj. Alexander P. de Seversky, in
This Week magazine. The Star, May
II, says: War hereafter will hold the
threat of the end OF civilization"
What are we going to do about it?
MRS. M. j. H.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-08-11
How Guum Fell

Chief Radioman George R. Tweed,
who survived nearly 1000 days of
japanese occupation OF Guam by
hiding out In the brush and noun
tain caves, has brought back a deeply
moving story of the last stand of
the tiny American garrison on that
remote island outpost.
Despite its heroic qualities, the
story is not one which is calculated
to initiate the pride OF those of us
who were safe at home when Guam
fell. For 1t is a story Of neglect,
of a national policy OF sending men
out to defend far-away possessions
when we were unwilling to give them
anything to fight with.
AS Tweed tells the story, the Japs
came ashore during the night OF
December 9, 1941. The Marine gar
rison, about two hundred men, were
outnumbered at least forty to one,
but they did what they could.
Armed only with machine guns, they
fought the Japs from Cabras Island,
just off the harbor, until their am
munition gave out. A couple of
one-pound guns on ships in the
harbor fred to the last. Anti
aircraft defense consisted OF one
machine gun on Agana Height. Its
ammunition soon ran out.
The Japs came on and the Marines
fell back, fighting from street to
street and house to house within the
town. Tweed says they fought to
the end: he does not say what the
end was. But from what we know
OF the Japs 1t is a climax of the
story that requires no telling.
The thing that stands out is that
these men were sent by their Gov
eminent to defend an outpost that
would certainly be attacked in event
OF war. Yet, with war imminent.
they were not given even remotely
adequate weapons. The Government
argued about fortifying Guam and
improving its harbor, but actually
1t did nothing except to leave the
men there. Unquestionably, those
who were killed and those who are
In Jap prison camps were the victims
OF neglect and indifference. 1t may
be said that this is water over the
dam, that there is no point in
criticism now. But an appreciation
OF our national responsibility for the
fate Of the men on Guam can serve
a useful purpose if it results in a
Arm determination to see that it
never happens again.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-08-11
The U-Bout Defeat

There was a time when no weapon
In Hitler's arsenal was more impor-
tant or deadly than the U-boat. BY
means of it, all our vital Allied sup
ply lines were to be severed the
United Nations were to be isolated
one from another, and the island
fortress of Britain was to be starved
into submission. And for a while,
back in the black winter and spring
of 1912, it seemed so close to attain
ing its objective that no one would
have dared to hope then that two
years later it would be little more
than grim memory. Yet that is
what has happened, for as Presi-
dent Roosevelt and Prime Minister
Churchill make clear in their latest
Joint statement on the subject, this
one-time supreme menace has been
virtually eliminated.
Since the start of the war, more
than 500 U-boats-17 of them since
D-day in France-have been de-
stroyed. Once the terror of the deep,
they have become the hunted
rather than the hunters and hav-
ing lost some of their most impor-
tant lairs along the Brittany coast,
their main objective from now on
probably will be not to attack us but
to save themselves from being
blasted to the bottom. Their num-
bers are still. impressive, according to
the sevelt-Churchill report. but
there seems small chance that they
will be able to rally for another
campaign, whatever may be the
new devices and methods developed
by the enemy" Our Allied planes
and surface craft, it is clear, have
broken the back of Hitler's under
seas fleet and not much remains to
be done. apparently, beyond killing
1t off altogether.
When measured in relation to the
fact that American submarines
Just credited with sinking 16 more
Japanese vessels for a total OF 6S7-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-08-11
Nazis' Doubtful Card
By Maj. George Fielding Eliot

Marshal Sir Trafford Leigh Mallory
points out, We now have an air instru-
ment which can turn any retreat into a
rout that will end in the destruction of
the German Army"
The Germans, in this predicament,
seem to have chosen what may appear
to them to be the lesser of two evils and
to fight where they stand That this
course will result in the wiping out of
the 7th Army as fighting force, with
both its TANKS enveloped and with no
help nearer at hand than the Seine, is
possible. 1t was in such circumstances
that the 4th Army was wiped out on the
Fatherland Line in Russia during the
last week of June. Any attempt at
analysis OF the German. motives for this
choice is impossible, following conven-
tlonal military lines of thought The
motives OF those responsible for such
decisions must be sought in the inner
chambers OF the German supreme COM
mand, where the conditions to be dealt
with are not only those imposed by the
military situation on the fronts but also
those arising from the struggle between
the Nazl party and the generals and
the whole internal situation of Hitler's
tottering Third Reich.
Meanwhile 1t should be noted that
our supply situation will be enormously
improved by the capture of the port of
st. Malo, on the north coast of Brit
tany. Up to this time, all the American
forces In the Brittany Peninsula, and
all those engaged in the wide sweep to
the Loire and around the German left
flank, have been dependent for their
supplies on two main roads passing
southwark out of the Normandy Penin-
sula-one through Avranches and one
through Breezy, short distance east of
Avranches. 1t was to threaten these
roads that the Germans have been
making such determined efforts to break
through in the area between Wire and
Mortain. The congestion on these
highways must be terrific.
Now, as soon as st. Malo Is In shape
to be used, the supply of the troops in
Brittany and on the Loire can be under
taken through that port directly by sea
from England. st. Malo cannot handle
large ocean-going ships, but 1t can take
steamers Of moderate size, including
LISTS, without difficulty, and has a con-
siderable dock capacity. It Is probably
quite capable Of handling all the sup
plies for the Brittany and Loire forces
as they are at present constituted. The
result should soon be apparent in an
easing of the whole supply situation,
which will be translated into increased
energy at the fighting fronts.
Copyright 1914. the Tribuns.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-08-11
On the Record
By Dorothy THOMPSON

When in his last speech Winston
Cnurchlll warned against mixing ideol-
ogy With idealism, because theology too
OFTEN presents itself as an undue regi-
mentation OF ideas and may be incom-
patible with freedom I think 1t was
clear what he meant. If our ideologies,
and In particular the easy political slo-
gans OF left" and right" blind us to
the myriad differentiations which strup
gle in the souls of men, we are more
blind and confused than even the con-
fusions confounded of this terrible epoch
demand that we be-
Field Marshal General Erwin Won
Witzleben has been hanged, In Ger
many, for treason.
We are still being told that Hitler is
but stooge of "Prussian militarists. ;"
Then let 1t also be said that from the
time OF Frederick the Great, the Gre
ator OF the modern Prussian army, no
held marshal has ever been held guilty
OF treason, and no officer has ever been
hanged-an ignominious death that is
not even in the German penal code.
Field Marshal Erwin Won Witzleben
Is the man who took the Maginot Line
Stand of and behold him! He cannot
bare his soul; If he did so before the
rugged court which German justic has
become, no truthful witness was there
to report. But self-confessed he con-
spired, we are told. against his "Fueh-
rer.' A patriot and no Quisling for the
British or any one else: war hero:
man of ancient and honorable name in
German history: member of a caste
whose only moral is service to the state,
and its motto fidelity"
What theology moved him to fall so
completely out of character? What
higher loyalty cut through the bonds
OF tradition 70 turn the servant of the
state into rebel?
The Nazis have put a reward of a
million marks on the head of DR.. Karl
Goerdeler. Who is this man, hunted by
Himmler like Dillinger? The proto-
type of the old-fashioned Reich civil
servant. an orderly expert, who served
the State with equal fidelity under
Bruening and Hitler. engaged in no ad-
ventures or prosecutions, but in the re-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-08-11

Adolf Hitler-or whoever is now d.
recting the higher German strategy
appears to be stalking all his fortunes
in the west on one very doubtful card:
The 18th Army's fight in Normandy.
This is indicated by the counter
attacks in the vicinity Of Mortain and
by the reinforcement of the right flank
of the 18th Army which has temporarily
checked the advance of the Canadians
toward Falaise.
There are indications that part, at
least. of the German 1st Army has been
brought into position north of the Seine,
and that already this army has been
drawn up for achievements for the
7th. In addition. two divisions have
recently reached the 7th from the Medi-
terranean Coast, and one (the seth In
fantry Division) is reported just ar
rived from Norway.
Thus reinforcing units are being fed
piecemeal into the 7th, the process of
patching up the holes as they appear
continues, while the situation of the It'll
Army as a whole steadily deteriorates
There are checks to the Allied progress
here and there, but that progress con-
tinues to show a net gain.
Perhaps the most interesting part of
the French theater Of operations is now
the rough quadrilateral of which the
corners are Falaise, Condo, CONFRONT
and Alencon American patrols have
been reported in Domfront, but are APP
parently no longer there. This quadri-
lateral has otherwise not yet been the
scene of any fighting, but the Germans
are being SLOWLY driven back toward it
from the north and from the west. 1t
is along the eastern face of this quadri-
lateral, the Falaise Argentan-Ale
LIE Mans road that the Canadians and
British from the north and the Ameri-
cans from the south might conceivably
join hands If the enlightenment of the
German 7th Army proceeds as now
appears possible.
It is across this quadrilateral that the
western wing of the 7th Army must
eventually withdraw to the eastward If
that enlightenment Is to be prevented.
The arrival of the Canadians in Falaise
and the arrival of the Americans in
Alencon, two events which seem close to
translation into fact, would almost COM
plete the enlightenment of the 7th Army
and cut OF this withdrawal eastward
So far as we can now see the capture
Of these two towns can only be prevented
by the Intervention Of German forces
from north Of the Seine. The 7th Army
has the power to delay its own dissolu-
ton. but not to prevent it. Nor does
II seem likely that 1t can now retreat
en- masse toward the Seine. As Air Chief
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-08-11
Must Be Better
By David Laurence.
From the Toronto Star.

FTUW IHe TORONTO Star.
The first aim of British economic
policy after the war will be to regain
the prewar standard of living" wrote
Harold Butler, British Minister to the
United States. This statement needs, of
course, some qualification. A considera.
Die proportion of the British people
the slum jewellers, the low-wage Garner,
would not wish to return to prewar
standards. Before the war, Sir John Orr
had discovered that about IS per cent
OF the population was seriously under
nourished. The rationing, price control
and subsidies. increased health and well
far services brought about by the war
have permitted these people to enjoy
better health and improved nutrition.
Nor would they wish to return to prewar
educational standards in Britain.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-08-11
The Mockinqbirds

Under blue moonlight cascades of silpey
song descend;
Liquid and pldtnttpe the invisible
singers CALL
And IN the naoonlit mystery OF chill
Appalachian night,
- BetiDeen the notes of song, the fonn.
tains OF silence tall.
So tpdtts the ear, as on unfinished.
GREATNESS music,
Under the shadoDy leares, quicksilver
laughter OF the birds;
As traits the heart in breathless eoui.
poise OF seconds,
In silence between the spoken and
unspoken tDords.
And as Unexpectedly the unseen singers
sing again;
Across dark drrds of the nioht the
SLIDER shuttle Dedpes..
Moonlight and blue shadow, cold laugh.
ter or henrtbredk;;
The lonely and all meaningless chill
speech OF lenpes.
FREDERICK EBRloHT.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-08-11

another. All are brothers, according
to His doctrine, but salvation Is
achieved by the development Of the
personal spirit. The concept OF
ordered freedom for which the Allies
contend has the same origin.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-08-11

There is chance for some young
German cub reporter to score a real
scoop, just before his execution, by
announcing that Germany will lose
the war.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-08-11
It's Been Done Before
From the Winnipeg Tribune.

From the Winnipeg Tribune.
They say the first of the postwar cars
will be like the prewar models: but
why? 1t can always be improved
can't it-by redesigning the hub CAPS
and putting the doors on backward.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-08-11

A strong point that the average
American soldier is delighted to get
is either 7 or II.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-08-11
Mrs. McCracken Appreciated

To the Editor Of The Star:
Time out from the war to wonder
little about casualties on the local very
local, home front, to wit: Mrs. Clara
McCracken and her love for 80 dogs,
and the Arlington Animal Welfare
League, SO concerned over canine well
fare that it has been successful in init
eating county court proceedings Re-
suit: Mrs. McCracken has until August
81 to dispose of her pets.
But why does not the Arlington
Animal Welfare League make the most
of its rare find? Why does it not
establish this amazing Mrs McCracken
and her love for 30 dogs-not annihilate
her?
There are few Mrs McCrackens
There are many, many more dogs than
her own 30. There are probably more
leagues than dogs Something certainly
should be managed with this kind OF
arithmetic. MRS. BARRY SHIPMAN.
Those German Articles!
To the Editor Of The Star
On last Saturday in your editorial
columns an article appeared called
"Hitler's Last Purge" the first sentence
of which was: "The announcement ac-
companying the establishment by Adolf
Hitler Of so-called Court of Honor to
hear charges against German Army Of
ficers allegedly involved in the recent
attempt on his life carries strong
suggestion that this is Der Fuehrer's
last stand"
Obviously you write Der Fuehrer" in
the same manner as you would write I'll
Duce," which is wrong. Der" is
nothing but an article and it would be
changed in any case when you decline
the words. The German declination
for the words Der Fuehrer" goes as
follows: Der Fuehrer, Des Fuehrers,
Dem Fuehrer and Den Fuehrer. So in
the above article you are supposed to
say In correct German that: This Is
Dies Fuehrers last stand"
FRED A. BLOCH.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-04-09
.Brodd-ScdIe
Redeve|opment
Plan Outlined
CONTINUED from Page One)

sold or leased under long term
contracts, the yield OF the annual
payments retiring the bonds.
Land would be sold in large or
small amounts 10 any private de-
velopcrs who would. rebuild the
area in conformity TO the overall
plan
Necessary public buildings
would be built in the usual way.
The areas would be rebuilt into
attractive. cloSe-in neighborhoods,
with good home environment, or
could be used for commercial
purposes, according 10 the best
land use as determined by the
redevelopment plan.
To get land costs down 10 low
levels redevelopment bonds would
carry n low rate of interest and
the land cost would be amortiZed
over long period.
RCdoVclopmont bonds would be
TAX exempt and. IN addition cur
rent income used for purchasing
such bonds would not be subject
10 federal income tax
Thus, upper bracket income
normally subject 70 heavy taxa
ton. could be put TO work in
clearing out bhghted areas anc
thus serve a public purpose in
exchange for the exemption right
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-04-09
Producers Urge Cities
Meet Housing Needs

Continued from Page One)
has followed. will continue 10
be uneconomical, impractical
and expensive.
An entirely different plan is
preferable.
Under the plan, endorsed ny
the council in its platform for
postwar construction, existing
structures would he remOdeled
and renovated To house families
moved from slumS and other
undesirable dwellings.
I'm many communities. n
large part and perhaps all Of
the families in question could he
housed I'm older but sound resi-
Dental buildings, at far less
cost than would he involved In
providing completely new dwell
ling units"
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-04-09
sRtRWIN WILLIAMS
FLOOR ENAMEL

II n d q to be
u n | k 9 d o n,
ira m ped on,
scufed oni For
rood, hnoieUm
floors.
Ok6
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-04-09
Hall to Speak
Detroit Mortgage Bankers
VIII Meet thursday

Willis II. Hall. secretary OF the
Detroit Board Of Commerce. will
a q dress the Detroit Mortgage
Bankers Association AT a noon
luncheon on Thursday al the Olde
WAYNE Club, William A. Howe,
secretary Of the aSSocl-
alton. announced Saturday
Halls topic viii be Detroit,
Today and Tomorrow
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-04-09

One hundred and ninety-one
permits for new buildings and
additions and alterations 10 exist
ing buildings for the week ending
April /, 1914. totaled S56S,5l7 IN
Detroit. Building Commissioner
Wolff reported Saturday.
This compares with 800 per
mits for the same period in l943
at a cost of SS66 $50.
single and two-family dwellings,
included in the 1914 totals num-
bered Il at 1884 $50 against 1913
in 1913 al S710794.
The 1914 figures also include a
permit for u. S. Rubber Co. fac
tory building at $500 +. jefferson
at $4,000.
The total for March 1914,