davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Bradley beam., 1944-07-01

AAOAO O CA4C eWV ways JOu O<@A NNA' brate the Fourth of July. :.
 You can spend money on fire works, watch them blow up in the air and convince yourself you've had a wonderful time.
 The other way to mark this great day of American Indepen- dence is to buy Bonds-Bonds that will help buy tanks, cannons and planes to create far greater noise than the best "cannon cracker" you can buy. True, because you're for tunate enough to live in this coun- try, far from the strife of War,
Bradley beam., 1944-07-01
H. B. JOHNSON, Colonel, Air Corps Commanding.

alerts and flew patrols until sent overseas to England on 5 Novem- Der, 1942. Although the Captains group arrived in England flying P-38s they were soon switched to PAYS and were one of the first
 three Thunderbolt outfits to see ac,
Bradley beam., 1944-07-01

Continued OF Page Eight
Bradley beam., 1944-07-01

Continued os Page Five
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-02-11
Ration Tokens Here
FOrtSe AfaerF 226
Times Photo

CARELESS Of the numbers on them.
The tokens have no expiration
dates and each will be worth one
point. They can be used at any
time TO make a purchase or can
be accepted from a storekeeper
as ration point change To date
change has been given only on
meat and fats purchased. but IN
Feb y ration change will be
available in purchase of processed
foods.
The first stamps TO be used in
connection with tokens will be blue
stamps AS. BIS, C8, DIS and ES.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-02-11

Shopping time for Detroit
housewives is expected to be cut
in half through the use of OPA'S
new ration tokens. six tons of
which arrived m the city today.
Consumers will start making
change with the tokens for both
meat and - prnceSSed food pun
-eF1ases on Feb. 81 2 Retailers can
get them at their banks after
Feb. Is.
When tokens are adopted all
red and blue stamps will be given
A uniform value Of 10 points re-
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-02-11

You're Invited 10 Prevew of LEAP YEAR FASHIONS
by Vogue February I4th at p. February 18th ana
10th az $3.50 p. m Fabric Center Second FL Main Bldg
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-02-11
Bugds Deferred
For 6 Months

Detroits former FBI chief, John
6. Bugas, who resigned his post
10 become Ford Motor Co, exec
utive. has been placed in pa and
given a siy-menth deferment, his
draft board announced today.
BugaS passed his pre-lnduction
physical examination Jan. II
Gilbert Brucker, chairman of
Draft Board %, said:
"Bugas has been placed in IA
rather than i'm 2-B because he
is essential TO the Ford Motor
Co. in an executive rather than
a production line capacity"
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-02-11

BUY War savings stamps the
convenient way. Order them
delivered 10 your door from your
Detroit Times Carrier-SaleSman.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-02-11
There and Then
There and Then
JACK
PICKERING.
ROOKIE

EDITORS NOTE-Mr Pick
ering. Times administration
~ Here and Now, has become
Pvt. Pickering Of the L. s. Arny.
This ~ n column tCrit'cn alter
his arrival AZ f. Mcclellan,
Alo., for bosic training.
FT. MCCLELLAN, Ma.
THAT troop train ride seemed
i interminable.. but pleasant.
BY morning the sun was warm
or and by afternoon the grass.
was showing. Patches Of green
with all these men each Won
dering where the train was
COINS.
We never passed a town or
crossed state line without
somebody seeing the line or get
ting the name OF the station
Indiana - Kentucky - Tcnnes-
see hills and mine tpples-
Georgia and the first sight Of
cotton plants the stalks still
standing from last fall. At last
Alabama
II was sOudly dark when We
marched raggediy off the train,
for we hadn learned much
about marching. or anything
else military. What Fort Me-
Clellan was. most of us weren't
very sure except that u was
the place where we would get
our basic training.
Ray Girardin and some others
had warned me
Whatever YOU do. stay out
~ that blank blank infantry
Get in anything else and If you
decide it's not tough enough YOU
can always ask for the intan-
try later"
WELL. when we got of The
w train. a group OF ron-coms
were waiting 10 steer us TO our
barracks
Where are We"' was the
first thing We asked
The answer came like a
quick blast of wind.
You're in an infantry re-
placement camp. They replace
the men who have already got IL
over across
THEY say that This arrival in
L training camp is The most
lonesome day or night that
y0uH ever have In America
Maybe that's right. I wouldn't
know yet, bat its a loneli2r
night than for example. the
first night al Fort Sheridan. /
can't say why, except that per-
hapS this is the moment where
YOU al last feel that you're in
something up 10 your neck
1t was. as a matter Of fact.
rather agreeable 10 have the
non-comS yelling Hurry 1t Up.
pick up your feet"
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-02-11
a Tight Squeeze for a Truck
Mayor sGroup
To Find Jobs for
Returned Vets
As the nucleus Of a metropolis

AS the nucleus 0f a metropoli-
tan area organization 10 facilitate
he employment and rehabilitation
OF returning war veterans, Mayor
Jeffries today announced the aP-
pointment of an executive Detroit
clearing house committee
Officers of the executive com
mittee are:
Chairman. Charles T. Vinegar
personnel director of the Dodge
division of Chrysler; first vice
chairman James r. Wehber r.
vice president and assistant gen
eral manager Of the j. L. Hudson
Co; second vice chairman, Dr.
David D. Henry, executive vice
president Of Wayne University;
secretary-treasurer. l.. r. Biddle-
man. Detroit advertising company
executive
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-02-11
OTHER MEMBERS

Chester Field, u. s. Employ
fnent Service; r G. Hogan. Broth
-frhood Of Railroad Trainmen;
Warren X. Layton, Detroit Public
schools; John l.. Loveit. Michigan
Manufacturers Association Rob-
Prt n, MacRae, Council Of Social
Agencies: William j. Norton. Red
Cross and Chlldren's Fund OF
Michigan: Elmer Jones. Veterans
Administration: Russell D..
Holmes. veterans employment
Representative.
Harry Shearer, Detroit Board IT
Commerce; Harold Webster. Mich
igan Society for Mental Hygiene;
Victor G.. Reuther UAW-ClO:
Glenn Thorn AFL Fire Fighters
Association; the Rev William IL.
Peek. and Bavtri4 BranrT-
The first meeting VIII be held
in the mayors office at go p. m.
Monday.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-02-11
\ Days DSR
AccidPHlS

These are the traffic mis-
haps resulting in personal
injuries, in which DSR vehi-
cleS were involved IN the "a
hours beginning al 1901 a m
Wednesday and ending at
midnight:
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-02-11
A GROWING PROBLEM

zone Of our immediate prob
lens, a problem that will grow,
Is that of finding jobs for more
and women discharged from the
armed forces" the mayor said.
This local committee will he
the agency for co-ordinating all
OF this cOmmunity's employment
resources for the rehabilitation
and employment OF veterans.
Other members OF the commit
fee are Police Commissioner Bal
ienger. Lynesa ID. Boomer secre
tary-treasurer OF the Michigan
State Clearing House Committee
John D. Bailey, Disabled American
Veterans: b. A. Chaplow. Veterans
OF Foreign Wars. and Ralph Ben
nett, American Legion.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1944-02-11

EDITORS NOTE-Mr Pick
ering. Times administration
of Here and Now, has become
Pvt. Pickering Of the L. s. Army.
This ~ column Crit'cn alter
his arrival AZ f. Mcclellan,
Alo., for b9sic training.
Evening star., 1944-09-29
September Hoze

September is that FURNISHED link Of gold
From past to future beauty. Harvested,
The ,Uarm fruits gleanl against the en-
pious cold,
Bright as the blo,Ding petals. earlier
she'd
This aureate haze that glotps In autumn
air,
This gossamer peil that clings upon
the hills
Is but the breath OF fo,pers that once
,Dere tair,
Souls OF the summer blooms that
death distills-
A dust of loneliness made Visible,
Spirit and essence rising from the
shorn
And stubbled meadoaDs. No less beau
titul
Will future poppies flame among the
corn,
For ,nistily across these sunlit hours
Drifts the light pollen for the unborn
fotDers.
INEZ BARCLAY KIRBY.
Evening star., 1944-09-29

purposes if for nothing else. We
have always done this in time of
peace, but happily we both have had
sense enough so far not to let it do
damage to the basic ties that
bind US.
1t is one Of the outstanding facts
Of modern history, after all, that
Britain and America are driven
almost automatically to join hands
In time Of international danger. II
we are frequently argumentative in
the years of calm, and If we seem
to be resuming our pastime of ex-
changing long-range epithets now
that the war is going so well, we do
not have to worry too much about
it-not so long as we look at the
thing in perspective and let a smile
be our umbrella.
Evening star., 1944-09-29
Hands Across the Seq

1t might be good thing if Britons
and Americans organized a mutual
Let's-Laugh-It-Of1 Society dedicated
to the principle of never taking too
seriously the brickbats that are all
too often tossed back and forth be-
tween them by frivolous and preju-
diced elements in their midst.
Thus, for example, when certain
OF our Anglophobes say in the press
or over the radio or in the Congress
sional Record that Britain is not
doing its proper share in a war
which, they say, is really none of our
business and into which, they indi-
cate, we were tricked by devilishly
ingenious Englishmen, the people of
England should not feel outraged,
but should instead consider the
source and, if possible, make a joke
of it, keeping in mind also, as Prime
Minister Churchill has just said, that
this is an election year in the United
States
Similarly, when the London Daily
Mail-which, like some of our own
publications. is not distinguished for
levelheadedness-makes the wholly
undocumented charge that United
States businessmen disguised as
Army officers have flocked to Paris
to compete unfairly against Britons
or when some politicians in Parlia-
ment complain that we show signs
of grasping imperialistic ambitions,
the American people, too, should
consider the source and, as members
in good standing of the Let's-Laugh-
1t-Off Society, laugh it off,
In any case. our two peoples
should regard the whole business
with some sense of humor, remem-
bering that they are more or less
members of the same family with a
common language and common
political heritage-as we'll as with
common congenital inclination to
snipe at each other for recreational
Evening star., 1944-09-29
War and Weather

The influence of weather condi-
tions on the progress of the war is
subject which engages the attention
OF the lay public as well as profess
slonal StrategiStS. One explanation
of the defeat of the British air-borne
troops at Arnhem is to be discovered
In the fact that planes which should
have conveyed support to the gallant
parachutiSts on the north bank of
the Upper Rhine necessarily were
grounded at the time when they
were most wanted. The sky was
unfriendly to the Allied cause in
that particular.
But the approach of winter does
no. cater to the NaziS. Americans
whose memories go back tWenty-six
years will recall that a common
question in September, 1918, was:
will the Germans attempt to hold
out until spring." The answer is
history. Late in October cold winds
began to move over Northern Europe
from Russia and from the Atlantic.
The prospect of another Iron sea-
son" of suffering was too much for
the civilian front. 1t collapsed. the
Kaiser fled, an armistice was an
nounced on November II.
Allied staff officers. however, are
not waiting for any such develop
ment at present. They know we'll
enough that winter is hell" in the
field for both sides. Long underwear,
overcoats, gloves and extra blankets
already are being distributed to SOL
diers assailing the western borders
of the Reich. There is a possibility
that military schedules may be dis
rupted. Rain, snow, mud and con-
stantly clouded horizons admittedly
will hamper the armies of liberation.
Whether or not the whole campaign
in France, Belgium and Holland
hogs down" to a contest between
trenches may be anybody's guess.
The final decision naturally will be
Evening star., 1944-09-29
Churchill Reports Aooin

Winston Churchill's periodic re-
ports to the House of Commons are
always newsWorthy. Models of eau
tious candor, they are likewise gen.
uine surveys, seldom omitting salient
aspects of the current world situa-
ton. His report rendered yesterday
Is no exception to the rule.
From the standpoint of headline
Interest, the outstanding topics were
those dealing with the situation on
the western front and the degree of
understanding arrived at between
Britain, America and the Soviet
Union. Sensitive as always to cur
rent developments, the Prime Min
lister was much less optimistic on
the end OF the war in Europe than
In his last address to Commons
Speaking in the psychic shadow of
the Arnhem setback, Mr. Churchill
raised the possibility that several
months OF 1945" may be required to
break organized German resistance,
and that even thereafter guerrilla
warfare may be carried on in the
more inaccessible parts of Germany
by numbers of desperate men con-
scious of their own guilt and i'm
pending doom"
Vying in current interest with his
prognosis of the battle for Germany
were his remarks on Allied
understanding Fresh from his con-
ferences with President Roosevelt at
Quebec and at Hyde Park, Mr..
Churchill stated optimistically that
complete agreement on every point"
was reached there. However, he ad-
mitted that those discussions must
be amplitied by tripatite confer
ence with Stalin similar to that at
Teheran last year This he termed
essential" And he implicitly went
on to hint that the decisive CONVEX
sations between the big three might
have to await the close of the war in
Europe. Great decisions, he asserted
could not be taken without far
closer and more searching discus
sions than can be held amid the
clash of arms. This is not the time
for taking hardand-f fast momentous
decisions on incomplete data at a
breakneck speed" This accords with
the inconclusive results attained at
the Dumbarton Oaks conference to
show that much remains to be done
before def1nitive understanding is
arrived at between the western
powers and the Soviet Union.
AS usual, Mr.. Churchill gave out
factual data previously unrevealed.
He discloses, for instance, that the
Anglo-American armies on the con-
tinent now number between 2,OOO,-
900 and 100000, and that their
total casualties to date are less than
25O,000, as against nearly 1000. 900
Germans disposed of in various
ways. He likewise described the
gathering might of the Allies against
Japan which would eventuate in it's
elimination with "other diseases of
the jungle Those are merely the
outstanding high lights of an ad-
dress covering many points and red
olent with robust optimism tenn
pered by ShreWd prudence,
Evening star., 1944-09-29
Nazi Withdrawal in Baltic
By Maj. George Fielding Eliot

What appears to be happening in
Estonia and Northern Latvia is with
drawal-apparently on the whole, a
fairly successful and orderly withdrawal
of the remaining elements of the
German 10th and 18th Armies through
the narrow coastal corridor which the
Germans have managed to hold open
around the southern rim of the Gulf
of Riga.
In all probability the Germans have
already taken out, through this cor
ridor or by sea, most of the heavy
equipment and some of the troops of
those two armies, which constitute the
northern army group commanded (or
formerly commanded by Col. Gen.
Lindemann. Now their covering forces
are withdrawing.
1t is notable that the Russians do not
make, any claims of great numbers of
prisoners in this fighting, though they
do say that the Germans are sustaining
heavy losses, especially east of Riga,
where the Germans are compelled to
stand fast at all costs until the evacua-
ton is completed.
The great advantage which the Rus
SLAMS will gain when this northern Sec
tor has been completely eliminated is
q shortening of their front. They will
have at least three additional army
groups available for use against East
Prussia, and they will be relieved of
any anxiety az to their northern flank,
which will rest securely on the sea
either in the vicinity of Riga, or on
the Baltic coast west of Riga.
Probably there will be some fighting
in Western Latvia and ithuania as the
Russians seek to roll the Germans back
across the Neimen, but it seems inevi-
table that there will shortly be an in
vestment of East Prussia on three sides
northeast, east and south-with the
Russian armies in position to exercise
concentric pressures. An all-out Russian
attack on East Prussia before winter
sets in seems definitely In the cards.
The Russian high command usually
has pursued the policy of thoroughly
preparing for a series of offensive blows
and then striking in rapid succession
along the entire front, thus making
the best use of its superior manpower
and taking full advantage Of the Ger
Evening star., 1944-09-29
On the Record
By Dorothy Thompson

Journalists have called attention to the
fact it was not Mr.. Hull nor Mr.. StimSon,
but Mr.. Morgenthau, who was called by
the President to Quebec to meet with
Anthony Eden and Sir Alexander Cado-
gan, and discuss what to do with a de-
feated Germany. No other Interpretation
can be put upon this choice, than that
Mr.. Morgenthau's ideas about what to
do with Germany have at present the
ascendancy with the President. In any
case, the procedure of sending the
Secretary to undertake what is the busi-
is extraordinary.
The assumption seems to be that the
German problem Is isolated from all
other foreign problems, whereas 1t is
obviously inextricably integrated with
our relations with our Allies, and with
the whole of Europe I do not see how
Mr.. Hull can form any policy at all if
this major stone is taken out OF his
hands.
But what is Mr.. Morgenthau's plan?
The most complete exposition OF it was
in the Wall Street Journal last Satur-
day, from Alfred F. Flynn, staff corre-
spondent in Washington.
1t proposes the most "Carthaginian
peace" yet to come from any Official
Allied source. 1t envisages the de-
struction of Germany, as a state, and
as an economic and cultural complex, its
reduction to a primarily agricultural
economy, and the resultant necessity for
the emigration Of thirty million Ger
mans
At this point can only ask Have We
gone crazy?
Cato the elder coined the phrase
"Delenda est Carthage" Carthage must
be destroyed. And Carthage was
erased. That city-state was absolutely
destroyed, and all its inhabitants slain
or sold into slavery. With that, Rome
ended any possibility that Carthage
should ever make another war
But the destruction of Carthage did
not end war. On the contrary, it was
the beginning of whole series of ag-
gressive wars made by Rome.
1t did not bring freedom to the world
of that time. 1t brought unutterable
economic misery to the entire Mediter-
ranean area. Even Rome suffered from
resultant depression. The economy of
the area disintegrated; and all the
neighbors Of Carthage were i'm
poverished for three to four generations.
Now there is much talk about hard
and soft peace. But the boiling point
of the peace egg is relative. A French
Evening star., 1944-09-29

man embarrassment due to a shortage
of reserves.
Therefore, If we accept the idea that
a great Russian offensive against East
Prussia is coming, we may expect that
offensive to be part of wider plan
which will include full attention to
other parts of the eastern front. One
very likely Russian move is a thrust
to liberate Warsaw: but from the purely
strategic point of view, there are per-
haps greater possibilities in the extern
sion of the Russian bridgehead over
the upper Vistula in the region of
Sandomierz, where there has been little
fighting reported during the past few
weeks.
If the Russian advance from this
bridgehead> takes a northwesterly direc-
Warsaw area with development. If it
goes westward toward Cracow, it
threatens the great industrial district of
Silesia, one of the main props of the
German war machine and the one least
touched by Allied air attacks.
Possibly the Russians are in suficient
strength to do both; and indeed the
northwesterly thrust would be much
helped by a simultaneous push toward
Cracow, which would protect its open
flank against a German counterattack.
Meanwhile we must not forget the
Russian operations in Hungary, where
the Germans claim that the Russians
have deployed 30 infantry divisions and
several armored corps on a front from
Oradea Mare to the vicinity of Szeged.
If the Russians are really on the borders
OF Hungary in any such force as that
(even granting that some of the divi-
sions may be Romanian and therefore
probably not as well equipped as Rus
sian troops) it will not be the Hungarian
Army which will stop them, unless
strongly supported by German troops.
~
Thus the German problem in the east
may presently resolve itself into the
defense of two strong flank positions
the natural fortress Of East Prussia and
the Carpathian barrier-plus the further
problem of frustrating q Russian drive
to break through between these two
f1anking bastions into the central plains
Of Poland.
tcopyrisht. le44J
Evening star., 1944-09-29

bishop recently called for the massacre
of every single German-man, woman
and child-and that Is the ultimate of
hard" peace This is truly making
a wilderness and calling it peace But
Mr.. Morgenthau approaches that point
He wishes the German Reich first
truncated. with parts assigned to Po-
land and France: then separated into
at least two totally independent states;
then deindustrialized and reduced
primarily to agriculture. Since Germany
is an overwhelmingly industrial country
this would deprive some thirty millions
OF the means Of subsistence, SO they
would have to emigrate.
I wonder Just where? When Hitler
destroyed the economic life of some
100000 Jews. he created a refugee prob
lem with which the whole world was
unable successfully to cope Thirty mil
lion Germans do not, apparently, worry
our authorities. whose conference to
solve the Jewish refugee problem was
a complete flop.
The Morgenthau plan would also clear
the schools of Nazi doctrine, closing
them until new textbooks omitting NaZi-
ism could be prepared, and would close
all universities indefinitely.
Mr.. Morgenthau seems unfamiliar
with the German educational system
We could take all textbooks out of the
schools without greatly affecting the
educational system, since German
schools have never been primarily con-
Quoted through textbooks. Closing al.
universities indefinitely would be but
vain attempt to destroy all intel
lectual leadership. 1t would drive educa-
ZION underground
Mr.. Morgenthaus plan is not original.
There is model for it. 1t is the NaZi
plan for defeated countries-a deal
worse than the Nazi treatment of
France, and about as bad as the Nazi
treatment of Poland.
And it would require Nazi methods
and Nazi mentality to carry it out. II
we embarked on it, we should have to
shoot hostages and burn Lidices. That
would have the same effect that the
Nazi policy awakened And just how
we could educate the Germans against
Naziism with an American Naziism
fiourishing in their midst, don't know
This plan would bring economic
catastrophe to the whole of Europe,
and plunge all western civilization into
chaos and Nihilism. Such seed sown
to the wind would reap a whirlwind to
engulf us all.
Released by the Bell Syndicate IncD
Evening star., 1944-09-29

the sum of many factors, meteor
illogical phenomena included.
But the National Geographic So
ciety points out one important
circumstance favoring the Allies
namely, that Germany's weather is
not made in Germany" Rather, it
comes from the west predominantly
and Is known to scientists in the
United States, Canada and England
before 1t can be ascertained by Hit
ler's observers inside their fortress" !"
This means that Allied flyers will
have advance warning when to
attack and when not to. And upon
just such a relatively small detail
the ultimate, final and conclusive
victory for freedom may depend.