davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-09-22
On the Record
By Dorothy Thompson

Under the title German Democracy"
Mr. Walter Lippmann last Saturday dis
cussed the future of Germany with ref
erence to my own ideas. Although Mr..
Lippman was critical Of these, I well
come the discussion. For We are on
the verge Of military victory over Ger
many, and there has been remarkably
little discussion-worthy of the name
OF subject that will become immi-
nently acute.
am also happy that Mr.. Lippmann
and I are in agreement on the essen
tial issue. Mr. Iippmann says that
since no real movement for German
democracy exists we are driven as a
mighty poor second best to consider
all the measures which no one in his
senses likes any better than Miss Dor
othy Thompson likes them" and that
the military government :. and pro-
longed control Of a great nation like
the German, the reduction of its terri
tory, or beyond that its partition, Is an
appalling thing to undertake. We
should not be considering 1t If there
were any evidence that freedom-lov
ing German democracy was rising to
overthrow the Nazis and (. regen-
crate Germany"
That is exactly the point. I am
aware, and have been for months, of
the terrible problems that victory will
bring us, particularly in an area where
the British. the Soviets, and ourselves
have equal interests, but not necessarily
common ones. In this situation, the
consummation devoutly to be wished
would be freedom-loving movement
that would overthrow the Nazis and
hold within itself the possibility of Ger
man regeneration. I desire this, not
primarily for Germany, but for our
selves.
Now, do not claim that it is our fault
If there is no movement for freedom
in Germany. do claim that the Anglo
American attitude judges the German
situation from too narrow an historical
viewpoint-and distorts history to sup
port that view. 1t is no final proof
against German democracy that the
first attempt at it. the Weimar Repub-
lie, did not last. In most countries
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-09-22

But" he adds, "the working masses
have suffered and are now seeking
access to the state and want to be re-
ceived as equals in their respective ma
tons. This is q revolution in the true
sense of the word, and on its outcome
will depend whether the wheel Of history
will once more be turned back to the
year 1850, or whether 1t will retain its
customary direction and tempe" In one
of his last speeches addressed to the
German proletariat in arms he said,
I'VE (the Nazis) are champions Of this
revolution"
According to the Hitler propagandists,
who have now developed into the cham
pions of the little man." the previous
conquests Of the Reich-up to the time
the German military machine began to
lose out-could not have had any
permanency. They were intended merely
to SOW the seeds of the new revolution
in the minds of the peoples Of Europe.
Hence the withdrawal of the Nazi armies
from overrun territories was fully con-
templated, not by the reactionary
regular army generals, but by the BRAIN
trusters Of national socialism who never
desired nor expected to keep the &C.
cupied countries under physical control
of the Reich.
An analysis of the new trends Of NaZ
propaganda tends to show that Hitler
is trying to play his last card and pre-
vent disintegration of the fighting and
home fronts by promising establishment
of real national socialistic German
state much on the pattern of Russia in
the days of Lenin and TrotSky.
On the other hand, the German prop
uganda, which is now more active in the
Reich than outside, is emphasizing the
fact that defeat of the military forces
means the purging and enslavement OF
100000 Germans The propaganda
machine is playing up reports emanat-
ing from Moscow by way Of London that
all the SIS Elite and former Brown Shirt
troops must be considered as war GRIM
inals and treated as such.
This, the Goebbels henchmen say,
means that some 5000 900 Germans will
be sent to the gallows Moreover, I'M
disclosed millions Of German men and
women will be sent to Russia to do re-
construction work and will never return.
The German people, aware Of the man
ner in which they have treated their
imported labor" do not relish this
prospect and believe Goebbels is telling
the truth.
BY these propaganda manipulations
and by proving to the people at the
front and at home that surrender means
the wholesale destruction of the nation,
Hitler hopes to improve the fighting
spirit of his people.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-09-22
The Pacific Pattern

Admiral NimitzS address to the
American Legion has confirmed as
fact what has been heretofore purely
speculative. The Nays current
operations in the Palau Islands are
designed primarily to secure a base
from which to cover and support
General MacArthurs Philippines
campaign
This news is not altogether sur
prlslng, but it Is the first official
Qualification of the Pacific command
setup and to that extent throws
new light on strategy as we'll. Gen.
eral Macarthur is to be the man
In charge of liberating the Philip
pines, an assignment wholly in
keeping with the promise he made
after the fall of Corregidor that he
would one day return to the islands
and drive the Japanese back into
the sea-
Though it will be a gigantic UNI
dertaking, however. the offensive
against the notwithstanding all
communications between Japan and
its ill-gotten gains to the south
will be but part of the whole show
In the Pacific Asiatic theater. Ad-
miral Nimitz's remarks, leaving
much unsaid, are highly suggestive.
The Navy will merely cover and
support General Macarthur. Mean
while, with great marine forces
and Army groups, what is to stop it
from carrying on a huge offensive
of its own?
We have heard something of
"Task Force So" the mightiest thing
of its kind in the history Of the
world. Yet it represents only part
Of the almost fantastic naval
strength we have in the Pacific, it's
past blows constituting, in the words
OF Admiral Fitch, lust a sweet
summer zephyr" compared to what
may be expected from the array
and arrangement OF ships, planes
and other weapons-old and new
which are ready to lash out now"
Covering and supporting the Philip
pines campaign will in all likelihood
require merely a segment of this
power, so that even as General Mac
Arthur strikes, the Navy may launch
a great invasion drive elsewhere
perhaps northward through the
Volcano and BONN Islands toward
Japan proper, or westward from the
Marianas against Formosa and the
east coast of China. And stimuli
taneously, to complete the bedevil-
ment of the enemy, British sea-
power may spearhead an offensive
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-09-22

rolling toward Paris and to assign
only a relatively small force to the
Job OF taking Brest.
The net effect of this decision
the decision to lose no time in ex-
plotting the break-through and to
get along as well as possible with
supplies delivered by way of Cher
bourg, the Normandy beaches and
air Transports now history. Had
the other choice been made, had we
stopped for an all-out effort to take
Brest, our Allied armies might not
today be as far advanced as they
are-500 miles distant from that
port, directly on the soil of Ger
many.
With the NaZis driven back to
their own land, however, our lines
are growing ever more extended,
and Brest's fall. though effected
as planned, probably comes none too
soon. Deliberately by-passed to per-
NIT the swift drive through France,
the port Is needed now to speed up
the battle inside Germany. That
we have 1t, that it will serve as a
great funneling point for enormous
quantities Of supplies as soon as 1t
is restored to working order, is a
far-reaching victory. Beyond that,
the fact that so much has been &C
complished to date without it con-
stitutes a shining tribute to the
vision, boldness and logistical re-
sourcefulness of our Allied COM
mand.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-09-22
The Next is Hours
By Maj. George Fielding Eliot

1t is very likely that the events of the
next 48 hours in the Anthem Nijmegen
area may determine whether we shall
have a quick and decisive victory on
the western front, or whether the fight
ing there may be prolonged into the
winter.
The situation as these words are writ
ten yesterday afternoon appears to be
that British air-borne troops hold Arm
hem, controlling highway bridge across
the lower Rhine-the last major water
barrier on the edge of the great plain
of Northern Germany, into which it is
our object to drive.
Ten miles south of Anthem, at Nil
megen, American air-borne troops have
made contact with armored elements OF
the British I'd Army coming up from
Eindhoven There has been heavy
fighting in the town of Nijmegen, which
has two bridges across the Waal-which
is the Dutch name for the major stream
of the Rhine, the lower Rhine being a
branch of that river. One OF these
bridges, apparently the highway bridge,
is in Allied possession, or at least has
been crossed by Allied tanks-the actual
situation is not clear.
The Germans are still fighting heav-
lily in parts of the city; the suggestion
is fairly strong that we hold the eastern
part with the highway bridge, and the
Germans the western part with the rail-
way bridge American engineers have
also made an assault crossing" of the
Waal, probably just east of Nijmegen.
X
The British armor which crossed the
bridge appears to be fighting its way
north to make contact with the air
borne troops in Anthem, which were at
last accounts completely surrounded,
but being supplied by air and fighting
hard. The German DNB agency admits
that marrow passage Of communica-
tons" has been established from Nil
megen to Anthem. This is not confirmed
from any Allied source, but 1t may well
be true.
South of Nijmegen, the British I'd
Army is fighting to consolidate its grip
on Eindhoven and to widen its deep,
narrow penetration into the Southern
Netherlands.
~ al accounts. the Germans are
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-09-22
BY Constantine Broyn

Although there has not been any con-
firmation Of the report that Hitler has
taken over supreme command of Ger
man defense forces in the west, while
Col Gen. Heinz Guderian Is in charge In
the east, the manner in which fresh SIS
Elite divisions are being handled against
the American and British forces indi-
Gates the Fuehrer actually has assumed
control.
The Wehrmacht has suffered heavy
losses In France. About 60 divisions
have either been lost or so battered that
they no longer can be counted effective
organizations.
Since last May, however, Gestapo
Chief Heinrich Himmler and Propagan-
da Minister Joseph Goebbels have had
the task of creating new defensive
divisions.
How effective these divisions will be in
combat is difficult to say, since they are
composed Of troops OF all ages. ranging
from IS to so. From the ranks of this
motley gathering reinforcements and
requirements are being sent to the old
army units.
1t is estimated that after the soldiers
who have escaped from the Balkans and
Western Europe are reorganized into
active combat groups, the German
Army will total close to 2,225,0OO Hit
Ter is now relying on this force to save
the Reich.
The soldiers of the Wehrmacht are
receiving better treatment than for
merly. The best is not good enough for
them. They are given excellent food
and good clothing The Nal leaders
feel that their troops are now being
called to make supreme effort to save
Germany from disaster and do not look
forward to a long period of resistance.
Hence, the available reserves of food
and equipment are dealt out literally.
Goebbels has changed his propaganda
tune so as to make his speeches more
pleasant to the ears Of the German
rank and file. He says the penetra-
tons in the 'Lebensraum" of the
enemies between 1889 and 1912 were
necessitated by the desire OF the Nazi
party to bring a real new order in
Europe. This new order is intended to
do away with rotten so-called liberalism
Of the decayed European and American
: democracies and to put into effect the
most far-reaching revolution in the his
tory Of mankind"
This revolution" Goebbels says,
began with the First World War and
will presumably be concluded with the
present one" Goebbels lambasts the
industrial age following the Napoleonic
wars which brought to the fore the
supremacy OF the wealthy industrialists
and bankers.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-09-22
This and That
BIZ Charles Z. TraceUeH.

But Templeton," said Mrs Jones,
with decision, what do you know about
hens?"
1t was . statement. rather than a
question.
Templeton Jones smiled
II know q great deal about hens" he
replied Il had some when ! was a
kid"
That" shifted the missus, was a
long time ago."
Not so long he answered. 1T is
just like swimming. You never for
get"
Jones had offered to take care of 30
hens across the street while their OWL
ers were away on a short trip. The war
has brought chickens to the fore
All you have to do" admonished
Mr., Smith, lis to give them 3 quarts Of
mash and quart of grain, twice day.
And little water, OF course"
That's easy" chortled Templeton
Jones, chicken fancier
Mrs. Jones had her doubts. City liv-
Ing. even in the suburbs where chick
ems are allowed, does not make for ade-
quate knowledge of the queer birds
Yes, chickens are queer, and she knew
that T. Jones was going to find it out,
but aside from the remembrance she
said nothing.
He would find out. Templeton Jones
was always finding out something or
other. Unlike many men, he always
managed to profit from his experiences.
r X X
Here I come" he grinned, the next
morning, as he approached the chicken
park.
Thirty hens set up a clamor as he
came up
You know me, don't your" he called,
clucking away.
In he went, after throwing the grain
over the fence before he opened the
gate.
only experts know this trick" he
commented to himself
1t permitted him free entrance, while
the fowl were madly chasing after the
food
Once inside, he placed the mash in
a wooden feeder.
He went and got water from the
house faucet and filled up the two
water containers.
The hens gained entrance to the hen
q
ramp led up to it.
**
In the evening Jenes took his wife
along to see the fun.
Expertly he tossed the grain over
the fence
only we experts know that little
trick" he explained.
Mrs. Jones was watching the hens.
How do you get the eggs?" she
asked.
I'VE 60 out of the park, and around
to the south side of the henhouse," he
explained, suiting the action to the
words.
He tried to remove a big bolt, so
that he could take out the bar.
1t stuck, of course, and Jones damned
his finger
The hens were treated to some new
language.
"I'n get it in a minute" he swore.
They went into the henhouse. Sure
enough, there was a hen OH the nest.
She stepped OF, cackling Justify.
See" said Jones, here we are" and
he reached down, picked up the egg,
and handed it over.
Nov be careful with that egg"
Mrs. Jones smiled again.
You had better watch out when you
60 back into the park" she called.
mo danger"
Just as he said this, Templeton Jones'
foot slipped, and he went head over
heels. scattering buff and red hens in
all directions.
Mrs. Jones laughed 80 loud that she
almost broke the oeg.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-09-22

fighting with the fury of desperate men
and they may we'll be desperate, for
the safety of their country is very def
nitely at stake in this struggle for the
Dutch river crossings. The weight of the
German counterattacks, up to this time,
seems to be coming from the west, where
considerable numbers of German troops
have been cut off in the maritime prov
inces of the Netherlands and in North
western Belgium by the sudden descent
Of the Allied air-borne army on the
line em-Nijmegen- Eindhoven. But
counterattacks from the east as we'll may
be expected to develop, for the Germans
are reported to be ferryfhg troops
across the Rhine and concentrating
them In the Reichswald Forest 8
miles southeast of Nijmegen, and just
inside the German frontier.
This is obviously situation in which
anything can happen; the timing of the
arrival in the crucial areas of reinforce
ing units is all important, especially as
bad weather is interfering with our air.
borne supply system. The Germans are
attacking the TANKS of the British I'd
Army's line of operations. in the hope
of forcing Gen. Sir Miles Dempsey to
devote his time and troops to beating
OF these attacks so that he is impeded
in his attempts to drive additional Tight
ing power into Nijmegen and on to
Anthem.
But it is clear that the German coun-
terattacks are absorbing all the Ger
mans have left in the way of reserves
Training battalions containing men
called up in the mobilization of July 20,
local defense formations containing old
men and boys, and local security units
of the SIS are all making their appear
ance along this front and in the area
between Aachen and Cologne, where the
American list Army is slowly advancing.
The morale of these German troops ap-
pears high: they fight desperately, but
not skillfully, and they die fast. They
seem to have plenty of spirit, but they
lack training and many of their units
are not we'll armed.
Along the western front our German
enemy Is now at full stretch. The proc
ess Of absorbing the enemy's reserves
appears to be complete. It remains only
to be seen where the decisive blow will
fall.
(cop,risht 1slA. New Ysrk Tribune. mel
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-09-22
Field Marshal Montgomery S:

Field Marshal Montgomery says:
mo human power can stop the utter
and complete defeat of the rem
nants Of the German Army" Hitler
should have had sense enough to
know that in 1889. The Kaiser still
was living then and could have told
him: You can't lick the world
when the world includes America"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-09-22
Letters to The Star
Sees Democracy for All as Cure
for War

tor War
To the EDITOR OF The Star:
There has been much discussion late
ly about hard or soft peace. But time
is of the essence as victory draws near
In Europe-and the rational approach
to the problem of dealing with a de-
feated enemy is not the question of
hardness or softness, but OF peace that
will endure, and only just peace can
satisfy this requirement.
The methods we use in dispensing
justice to the defeated enemy will de-
eide In a great part whether we will
have repetition of this war in another
decade. Should these methods permit
any of the perpetrators OF this war or
those guilty Of its atrocities to 60 I'M
punished, it would mean that these
super-criminals would be afforded an
other opportunity to make war; 1t
must be decided that there will be no
haven on this earth where these GRIM
inals can escape their being brought
to trial before responsible court Of
justice.
Such a decision by the United Ma
tions to bring all the war criminals to
justice also would be an effective de-
terrent upon other potential war max
ers while 1t would aid those peoples
that believe that international prob
lens can be solved by other means
than war.
However, our own sincerity is in
question while we use such phrases as
guilt of peoples" meaning the German,
Japanese or the Italian Whose home
land was the birthplace of Fascism) =,
for in using such phrases we are only
aping the pseudo-scientific racism Of
the Nazi-Fascists and their petty imita-
tors. There is no scientific basis for
the premise of good or bad race Of
people. This war is being fought to
destroy political philosophy, Fascism
tnot people as SUCH, wherever 1t may
exist, for we have come to realize that
Fascism means war.
And we would be naive, to say the
least, II we imagined that the mere
defeat OF the Nazi war machine would
bring a lasting peace. We must root
out and destroy what Fascism thrives
upon.
The only credo that the United Ma
lions can adopt which will make for
lasting peace is that the highest
fruit OF civilization, democracy, be
guaranteed to all and maintained by
the armed force of the United Nations.
This will quickly stop any future Hit
lers. RICHARD STEM
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-09-22
Costs a Lot Either Way

To the Editor of The Star:
If good will can be purchased with
money, as the New Dealers indicate they
believe, then it would appear as though
we might have purchased for long time
the good will of every nation in the
world, including the enemy ones. with
the $3.50, 0oo, 900 900 we are spending on
this war, and thereby prevented untold
sorrow, suffering and destruction.
J. J. SPENNY.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-09-22
New Englanders Blamed

To the Editor of The Star:
Chapter 1 of the History of the
American Slave Trade" as written by
w. F. Wilmoth in your issue Of Sep
TENDER II, was interesting. But just
to make the story more complete and
keep our British cousins from feeling
too bad about the strictly pecuniary
aims of their ancestors, the writer
wishes to remind Mr.. Wilmoth that
profits from slave trading filled the
Golfers of New England shipping inter-
ests to a considerable extent. In the
formative period of our Government
Thomas Jefferson attempted to set
1900 as the time to end this enterprise
while representatives Of New England
favored 1920. The compromise year
of 1872 was agreed upon
B. H. TABB, Jr.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-09-22
Tyler Kent Defended


The attack upon Tyler Kent made by
Charles c. Hart, in a letter appearing
in The Star of September 10, was, ]
think, extremely unfair. Also, his con-
tention that "our diplomatic service, or
foreign service as 1t is known oficially
is perhaps the most democratic in the
world most certainly is open to argu-
ment.
In the first instance, Mr.. Harris accu-
Satlon that Mr.. Kent went no farther
IN the foreign service than the position
OF clerk, through failure to pass an ora
examination, carries the insinuation
that the accused was mentally incapable
OF obtaining higher rating. Such is
not OF necessity true: many other factors
enter into such matters. In any case,
since Mr.. Kent is not at present in a
position to defend himself, such attacks
are both unwarranted and in very poor
taste.
1t SO happens, however, that I went
to school with Tyler Kent and know for
fact that he was considered, by the
student body and the faculty alike, to
be brilliant student. Furthermore,
friends OF mine who have served with
him in the diplomatic service-and
whose judgment I value highly-have
been of the same opinion.
In the second instance, the claim that
our foreign service is particularly DEM
ocratic is rather far-fetched, since it is
common knowledge that diplomatic
posts are, and for years have been,
purely political plums Money not
brains, is the prime requisite in obtain
ing them: money must be kicked in"
to party campaign funds to secure the
titles" and money must be had to
support them. The salaries paid by our
Government to its foreign representa-
tives are hardly sufficient to cover heat
Ing expenses for its various establish
newsstand this is true whether a man
be Ambassador to the Court of st. James
or merely Minister to- say, Albania.
PHILIP LIGHTFOOT WORMELEY w
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1944-09-22
The Stagirite DRAGGED In

To the Editor of The Star:
1t has been said that crackpot schemes
disappear Qike the sun at evening" only
to reappear at some later date. 1t seems
impossible to get rid of them, which is
doubtless due to what De Moupassant
calls the omnipotence Of stupidity"
The Greek philosopher, Aristotle, who
lived three centuries before the Chris
ton era. in referring to an ancient
order (Which forcibly reminds us of a
modern one, generally called the New
DeaD said: THE insolence of demagogs
is the cause of ruin of democracies.
First, they eliminate the wealthy and
rouse them against the government,
thus causing opposite parties to unite
against common danger Next they
produce the same result by stirring up
the populace and creating a sense of
insecurity. Nearly all the tyrants of
old began by being demagogs. - = Let
men be on their guard against those
that flatter and mislead the multitude. ="
EDMUND K. GOLDSBOROUGH.