davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1944-06-17
House Calls Up Bill
Creating Machinery
To End War Contracts
BY the AssceiatsAser Press

BY the Assoeiate1leress.
Spurred by the increased war
tempo and warnings from Bernard
M. Baruch that speed is paramount,
the House today called up for Anal
action legislation establishing ma
chinery to terminate the billions of
dollars worth of outstanding war
contracts.
Backers Of the measure assert that
industry needs to know now how
these contracts are to be wound up
so 1t can make its plans for con-
version to peacettme pursuits
Termination Of such contracts In the
last war was not decided upon until
October Is, 1918, less than a month
before the armiStice.
The present bill was worked out OF
q series Of measures, one from the
Military Affairs Committee, one
from the Naval Affairs group and Q
third one devised by the Postwa,
Economic Planning Committee.
While there was complete agree.
ment on the principle involved, the
House was sharply divided on ont
questionable role Of Controller
General Lindsay Warren in the
termination activity. -
Chairman May Of the Military
Affairs Committee led a fight tt
write into the law q provision that
would make the Controller Genera
the final arbiter Of a terminated con.
tract. The bill gives Mr.. Warren 9
voice in the proceedings only where
fraud is concerned.
Under its terms the Government
is authorized to finance contractors
over the termination period by al
lowing 100 per cent payment or
acceptable and completed items anc
90 per cent of the cost of raw ma
terials, labor and. other overhead.
Evening star., 1944-06-17
1rawIer Hit by Tanker
Sinks Off Delaware
RY the Associated Press

BY the Associated Press.
LEWES, Del, June 1.-THE fish.
ing trawler Hannah A. Lennon was
struck and sunk by an unidentified
tanker about 4 miles of the Della.
ware Capes early yesterday. The
entire crew of As escaped in life
boats and rowed to Lewes. a'8
Thomas Jett of Reedville, Va.
owner of the trawler, claimed the
tanker continued on its way without
stopping.
The tanker was outward bound
while the fishing craft was on its
way into Lewes with a load OF
menhaden. The collision occurred
near the Overfalls lightship.
Evening star., 1944-06-17
Elk Hills
CONTINUED From First Page


emily drafted without proper cog
nizanCe being taken of the fact that
an emergency necessitating a sharp
increase in production might arise
during a recess of Congress.
The second requirement l would
have considered unwise enough if it
had merely placed the executive
function of advising and consulting
on contracts and leases in the hands
Of the two houses of Congress. But
to go further and to delegate, as it
were, this function TO two COM
mitteeS Of the Congress is, in my
opinion, TO disregard principles
basic TO our form of government
Efficient and economical admins
tration can be achieved only by
vesting authority to carry out the
laws in an independent executive
and not In legislative committees.
This act. In my opinion, i'm
pinges deeply upon this fundamen-
tai principle Of good government
embodied In the Constitution"
Evening star., 1944-06-17
Supreme Court Asked
By Georgia 10 End
Freight DifferentiaIs
~ the Associated Press.

ATLANTA. June ia perma-
nent injunction against railroads
charging allegedly discriminatory
and preferential freight rates in
favor of Northern shippers over
Georgia shippers was asked in a
petition mailed today for filing as
an original suit in the United States
Supreme Court by the State of
Georgia.
The petition naming as defend
ants 20 principal railroads operat-
ing in the territory east of the Mis-
sissippi River and western boundary
of Illinois also asked for $6,750,000
Judgment, triple the amount OF al
legged damages to the State and
shippers doing business therein
during the past 10 years.
The petition asked:
|. That the railroads be en-
Joined from charging higher freight
rates on shipments to or from
Georgia than those charged between
points in the official territory
(the North.
2. That existing rates be decreed
unjust, unreasonable and prejudi-
cial' to Georgia and shippers in the
State and "unduly preferential to
points and ports in the North"
g. That Judgment for damages
be granted and that an accounting
be made under the direction Of the
court to ascertain the amount OF
damages.
4. That a permanent injunction
be granted against the railroads and
their agents forbidding them from
conspiring and confederating in the
establishment of rates and charges
exacted of the State of Georgia and
of the citizens thereof"
5. That such other relief be
granted as equity and justice re-
ouire and which to the court shall
he deemed DrOper"
Evening star., 1944-06-17
LOST RATION COUPONS.

"a" GAS RATION BOOK, issued TO Mar
ssaret I. MashburnI 1921 N, Fillmore St.
a. nea Gas RATIoN sdte BOOK isl. isfned to Grove
ington 90 D. c. Spruce 022o-W
Gas BOOKS A AND B. issued to 6; M
Asmstrons sli7 Park Crest DR., Silver
Gas RATION BOOK "a" issued to LOUIS
EE0sSo, $3.50 Old Bladensburs rd,, Silver
spring, Md. 81. 1914
GAS RATION BOOKS "a" AND &C" in
BreatoId I'd, Silver Spring Nd
hAIiON BOOK NO. !. A. Eugene Hutchlns
49, Wisconsin ave, Bethesda. Nd
RATION BOOK No 3. issued TO Rachel L
~ afSon,, ~ Maple ave. 1skoma PARK
RATION BOOKS NO. ,-Robert Nicholson
sha susie z Nicholson, II sth st Sc,
RAIi0N Books > ana :, issued to Mrs
Ellen y Miss Ellen I and John ODea
Wan ~ 1assa1iiloSs sodbkx bx ls$Ss issue, 10 R,,n
ton. Va Gil. i1h7
Evening star., 1944-06-17
Three More Allied Flyers
Reported Shot by Nuzis

By the Associated Press.
LONDON, June 1.-THE Air
Ministry said yesterday it had
learned that three more Allied air
force officers had been shot by the
Germans.
These were in addition to the A
who Foreign Secretary Anthony
Eden reported previously had been
shot after q mass escape from q war
prison camp near Dresden on
March IS.
Evening star., 1944-06-17
George Palmer Putnam
At Super Fortress Base
BY the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
SUPER FORTRESS BASE, West
ern China, June Is (Delayed Maj
George Palmer Putnam of North
Hollywood, Calf, former publisher
and husband of the late Amelia
Earhart, is now intelligence officer
for Super Fortress group which
has been pounding Japan.
Mr.. Putnam, over SO years of age,
said:
This is the most interesting. Job
an older man could get in the Air
Corps. I feel lucky to be associated
with a crowd like this"
Evening star., 1944-06-17
Maj. Joe Foss Has DAUGHTER

SIOUX FALLS, S. Oak, June II
P,--A 6-pound daughter was born
yesterday to Mrs. Joe Foss, wife of
the marine major and Pacific air
ace from Sioux Falls, according to
Mrs. Foss' father, Oscar Shakstad.
He said the child Cheryl June, was
born yesterday at Santa Barbara
Calf. Maj Foss is in the Pacific
war theater.
Evening star., 1944-06-17
Loses 81 900 for Low Flying

HONDO ARMY AIR FIELD,
Hondo, Tex June II (P).-Convicted
by a military court-martial on
charges of unauthorized loW-hying
over San Antonio, Second 1t. Will
liam L. Markham, Broken Arrow,
Okla, navigation pilot, was SEN
tenCed to three months restriction
to the limits Of his post and
forfeiture of $1,000 military pay.
Evening star., 1944-06-17
Three-Yeor-OId Boy
Is Stung to Death
By Hive Of Bees
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
LEES SUMMIT, Mo-, June
17.-Stings from a backyard
hive Of bees caused the death
last night Of William E. Spoon
er, a-year-old son of Donald E.
Spooner, merchant marine sea-
man.
Mrs. Ida Spooner. 70, the
child's grandmother, heard him
scream and ran into the yard
to find the bees around him.
She brushed them of and took
four from a shoe. He had been
stung seven times.
Evening star., 1944-06-17
State Of Siege Reported
On North German Coast
or +bo arsoofo4.dproe

By the Associated Press.
LONDON, June 1.-THE Moscow
radio, quoting Tass news agency
report from Stockholm, said today a
state of siege has been proclaimed
along the entire northern coast of
Germany.
Field Marshal Hermann Goering
was reported touring the coast, &C
companied by representatives of the
army and navy, experts on military
engineering and the TODT (de-
fense engineering) organization.
Evening star., 1944-06-17
Seedsmen Elect Queries

MEMPHIS, June II (P. The
Southern Seedsmen's Association
closed its 26th annual convention
here yesterday with the election Of
w. G. Quarles, Raleigh, N. c., as
president, succeeding N. H. Pace,
Cleveland, Miss.
Evening star., 1944-06-17
Church PIuns Dance

The Mount Vernon Place Meth
odist Church will hold a dance at
$50 o'clock tonight in the recrea-
ton room, in connection with the
church's open house program
Evening star., 1944-06-17
FOUND

A. urFta hmfDGt slto a deposit ley
kpnlN nes nNes ffanslus Theatsf
ktoffff female. clipped near secs Ths.
siti Cau hH ivy
Evening star., 1944-06-17

Make the good news better: Buy
more War Bonds.
Evening star., 1944-06-17
Insulating

A sound, economi.
cal investment. For
making your home
many degrees cooler
in su m m er. In
winter many de-
srees warmer and
with 4 saving of
from O% to 80 %
fuel-which prom
ises to be scarce.
You will be put to
no inconvenience
having it done now.
Evening star., 1944-06-17
Two
Suggested
"Musfs"
Painting

and important it
5 h ould be done
NOW. We use the
Dupont Paints.
Evening star., 1944-06-17
China

Continued From First Page.)
The Nome nugget., 1944-08-23
BOMBERS HIT TAP NEAR THE PHILIPPINES

PACIFIC FLEET HEADQUAR- TIERS AT PEARL HARBOR, August 23.-Army heavy bomb CTS, based in the Marianas, raid ed Yap, which guards the central approach to the Philippines, for the second time on Sunday, with out encountering enemy opposi- ton.
 However, the Liberators which struck at Truk, ran into Japan ese fighter opposition, which they overcame, and returned to their base after accomplishing the mis- sion.
 Admiral Nimitz also reported actions on other targets at Nauru, and an attack on shipping in he Marcus Island area, in which a medium cargo vessel was destroy ed, and smaller one left burn ing.
 Nimitz said the raids reported Monday and Tuesday, covered 90,- 900 square miles with but slight opposition, showing how the American airmen are flaming out from advanced bases.
The Nome nugget., 1944-08-23
RED OFFENSIVE ON ROMANIA
 CAPITAL

MOSCOW, Aug. 23.-T'he new Red Army offensive, designed to knock Romania out of the war, and to break Hitler's grip on the Balkans, smashed forward on a 15O-nile front beyond Iasi, to within 180 miles of jittery Buch- arest, and 155 miles or the Ploes- ti oil center.
 An official German broadcast said the Russians had reached the beaches at Riga, the Latvian cap iTal, the largest in the Baltic states.
 This advance indicates a new trap for the 18th and 18th Arm ies, as the Russian troops are ad- vancing over the bodies of 25,000 Germans slain in three violent days of fighting, while 12,000 others trudge weari1y back to prison cages.
 Red Army groups unoer Cen erals MaIinovsky and Tolbukhin drove within 50 miles of the mouth of the Danube river in Ro- mania.
 Tn northern Poland, Russian forces are gradually outf1anking Warsaw, splitting the German forces between Warsaw and East Prussia, as the Soviet forces went
The Nome nugget., 1944-08-23
COMPULSORY TRAINING Is ADVOCATED

NEW YORK, N, Y, Aug. 23.-- tAP)--The endorsement by Secre- tary of War Henry L. Stimson, of compulsory military training, was made public by Archibald Teacher, chairman of the Second Service Command branch of the citizens committee for universal service.
 In a letter to Teacher, Stimson said, "It is my idea that the most important provision, which can be made by Congress, for the future defense of the nation, is a system of universal training"
The Nome nugget., 1944-08-23
INDOMITABLE SPIRIT SHOWN BY RUSSIANS

NSEATTLE, Wash, Aug. 23.-- (AP)-Eric Johnston, U. $. Cham Der of Commerce president, des- oribed Russia today, as a land where "civil liberties are only a vague promise, and where, eff there is any religion, it is the worship of Stalin."
 'eBut," he said, addressing 500 construction, executives here "Russia is also nation of indom- itable courage"
 Describing Stalingrad, as an ex- ample, he said, "The city's streets wore filled with rubble, with occa- sional walls standing like tomb stones. Its great industries were like volcanic bomb craters, and slit trenches like trails left by worms in rotten wood"
 "Stalingrad," said Johnston, will rise again, Phoenixlike from it's ashes--a landmark of labor and pains, of Russia reborn"
The Nome nugget., 1944-08-23
II. c. MILLER. LIEUTENANT. ATC PROMOTED TO CAPTAIN

At the regular meeting of the Alaska Territorial Guard, Nome Unit, last evening, It. Henry C.. Miller was promoted to the rank of captain. The meeting was well attended and regular drill was the ordeS, of the day. Captain Miller has been active in all branches of civil affairs, having served on .the city council, and for one term as mayor. The promotion was vel deserved.
The Nome nugget., 1944-08-23
NAZIS CLEARED FROM CITY BY FRENCHNEN

LONDON. Aug. 2l.-tAP)- Today Paris shook itself loose from the shackles of inc four years of enemy bondage. and stood free once more. liberated by armed and unarned tens of thousands of Frenchmen who swept the Nazis from the city's streets. while the armed might of advancing allied forces drew up around the capital.
 A special communiqne from Gen. Henri DeGaulle's headquar- ters in London, announced the liberation after four days of street fieh ing.
 The general recalled the scenes of Bastile Day, when nohs of Paris, once before struck an his. toric blow for liberty.
 This time" the connmunique said, the fight was led by 9O,- 900 organized French soldiers of he interior, bolstered by lOO,- 900 more who joined in with whatever weapons they could find"
 The dramatic announcement touched off broadcasts to French men everywhere as triumphant strains of La Marseilles" sounded the news of French victory.
 The capture of all Vichy rep resen' atives who had not fled from Paris were made by the French patriots.
 No word was received imme- diately from the American troops who entered the city, but the French claimed the seizure of all public buildings, winning com plete control of the situation.
 The communique also said De Gaulle conferred with General Eisenhower in France two days ago, presumably on details of civil affairs in the control of the capital.
The Nome nugget., 1944-08-23
GEN. CLAY TELLS COMMITTEE OF
 WAR SUPPLIES

WASHINGTON, D. C., Aug. 31. -tAP)Major General Lucius Clay, director of material for the army service forces, told Senate inves- tigators today, that I. one theater commander failed to get half of the 155mm. ammunition needed for a recent landing operation.
 The committee is considering the question of surpluses and scarcities in war supplies.
 Gen. Clay said there are seri- ous shortages in a number of cat agories, on account of manpower problems, but in the small-arms ammunition the supply will carry through 19 months with the au- thorized reserve still on hand.
The Nome nugget., 1944-08-23
PARIS IS L|bERATE
HALMAHERA
 HIT BY HUGE BOMBING RAID

GENERAL HEADQUARTERS IN THE SOUTHWEST PACIFIC, Aug. "Wednesday, the record of dropping of 135-ton Of bombs in raid on Halmahera and the wrecking of eight Jap vessels, five small coastal ships and 23 barges, marked new strikes against enemy targets in the areas south and east of the Philippines, headquarters announced today.
 The communique also reported that Liberator bomber patrol ling off Davan Gulf, off Mindano, barely missed an 8,O00-ton freight ertransport.
 Stepping up patrol action and asrial attacks in the Mollucca Is- lands, Liberators and Mitchell bombers smashedsat key defenses Monday with a record bomb load dropped on installations.
The Nome nugget., 1944-08-23
ARMY SEIZES BRIDGE AT HENDAYE

1RUM, Spain, Aug. 23.--Uni- formed officers of the French army took possession of the In- ternational bridge at Handaye, at 5:30 D. m. on Monday, in the name of the French Committee of National Liberation, thus com pleting the French occupation of the entire Pyrenes frontier.
The Nome nugget., 1944-08-23
SWEDISH WAR INSURANCE
 DENIED SHIPS

STOCKHOLM, Seweden, Aug. 23.-(APl--The Swedish War h. surance Board today announced it would no longer underwrite Swedish ships travelling to Ger man ports.
 This will, in effect, eliminate all Swedish vessels from trading with Germany.
 The action will be terrific blow to Germany because an es- timated 50 per cent of the trade between the two countries is car red on Swedish ships.
The Nome nugget., 1944-08-23

ahead 14 miles southeast of Lom- ga, communications hub, where the Germans are making a des- perate attempt to salvage her Baltic positions, brought new tanks into attacks in, the direction of Jelgava, which controls the road and rail routes to Latvia.
 Bucharest was reported to be in panic, as many of Premier Anton escu's supporters are openly dis cussing chances of suing for peace.
The Nome nugget., 1944-08-23

The Burmese are descendd from Mongolian tribes which mi grated from western China and Tibet.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-10-14
First Pilot To
Be Shot Down Is
Assigned To TAAF

TUSKEGEE ARMY AIR FIELD
Ala.-First Lieutenant George B
Boiling Of Phoebus. Va, the frs,
pilot Of the 99th Fighter Squadron
to be shot down in combat and par
achute 70 safety. was recently as
signed TO the Tuskegee Army Air
Field.
The former Hamptonian was fly
ing patrol duty on July IL. 1912,
the day after the initial landing in
Sicily by Allied troops. His plane.
"Jinkey." was hit by flax and began
TO burn. He bailed out and noated
into the Mediterranean, 1000 feet
below. The late Sam Bruce circled
helpless pilot 10 ward off enemy
planes Spending "a hours adrift
in a dinghy, he was finally picked
up by U. S. destroyer and set
ashore in Sicily. Boiling spent the
next four days on a small coastal
boat resting and was finally de-
livered 10 his unit in Africa.
Boiling was most impressed lover
there" by the performances Of en-
envy aircraft and the youthfulness
OF German prisoners.
Taking part in the battles Of Pan
telleria, Casino. Anxio- Nettuno and
Rome, he is q veteran Of 6 mis-
SiOnx
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-10-14

Negroes who fought in the Revolutionary war did
not know whether they would win their freedom
or not. They were following their white people,
reasoning no doubt. that if they were free Of
Great Britain they would have a good chance in
bargaining with their new country. In the Civil
War they fought for their own freedom. The
issue was clear and they had no hesitation.
No, it is no, a question of fighting. The record
of this war, like the history Of World War l.
will show that Negro soldiers have fought bravey
and well with the most modern weapons under
the most trying conditions
But the question Of pescetime CONSUMPTION is
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-10-14

membership at all. They know what II means to
have two kinds Of seniority when lay-ohs and re-
hirings take place.
AZ it Is, even with rigid adherence to senior.
ity, colored workers will suffer more than others
during reconversion. In many instances, having
been the last hired, they have the least seniority
In other cases, they are concentrated in war in
dustries which after reconversion to peace time
production, will employ only percentage Of the
present working force. This is q subject which
at the request Of readers you will see more of in
this column.
All signs however, point to the need Of con-
structive program of full employment Why can
We not, asked Reuther, have full employment
for peace production as for war production?
In other words, the powerful UAW-CIO, which
is genuinely American-form of organization,
now functions as q peoples lobby to represent
the additionally forgotten man.
man without job loses his ordinarily whole
some outlook upon life. Without an income other
human interests lose their color, and zest goes
out OF life. OF more catastrophe consequence
however, is the fact that men without Jobs are
dangerous. 1t was on such men, as Reuther put
1t, that Hitler rode to power. BY promising jobs
he won their support. II jobs and not colonies
that they potential workers wanted most The
promise Of jobs they didn't have, got their sup
port. And out of it came Hitlerism with its at
tendant evils That similar things can happen
here is a sociological truism.
But jobs alone are not enough. worker must
be used where his particular skill makes the
greatest contribution. Full exercise of that gives
him a sense of Importance as does nothing else.
To deny it to him because Of his race, creed,
color or ancestry Is not only un-American I'M
economic, and immoral. 1t is contrary to the
UAW-CIO Constitution, and q detriment to the
organizations own interest
Hence. the informed were not surprised when
Mr.. Reuther launched into this phase of the prob
lem with "FEPC is needed; we shall fight to
see that il is made a permanent institution. :.
We have learned that when men work together
they do not fight each other" There was more
said along the same line. And what could have
been more appropriate for a speech at an FEPC
rally in which so many Of you participated and
as a consequence, made into q successful meeting
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1944-10-14
RADIO AND THE negro ACTOR
(condsnssd from PM)


Well anyway Arch Oboler had been talking about Negro
in Hollywood He had been audoned by CHS and Got
Then Arch heard him, enthusiastic. and cast
him q white playing opposite Mercedes Mccain
bridge whom Arch calls the greatest actress In radio
Arch and Mercedes, who also II In New York. said the
Hollywood reaction divided school was FURIOUS the
other said Oboer only striking pose.
Radio Jim Crow
Ths Jim Grow attitude Is symptomauc OF the entire radio
industry particularly the networks In New York. Jerry
Devne pronounced liberal who writes and directs Mr. Dis
tric Attorney has used Negro to play white role Both
he and Arch say that the they have employed
the finest actors they know but that other radio
prefer white actors though they may be and
often mediocre)
couple Of days later the grapevine had carried the
about the Negro New York. and the
Sterling Products-hrew teletype IT. Archs agent
ordered to tell him to do again. but refused to
deliver the and the seemed equally reuc
because Oboer heard Of the order until months
later when the series OF the air and after he had used
the Negro twice more.
Mercedes on Pan
Mercedes said that during her performance with the Ne
She actress took hold of his only give
him but also help herself carry the mood
Of the radio play This simple action she said caused
awful scandal and she took quite beating fellow
members Of ARA American Federation Of Radio Asts)
might mention here that Mercedes Is staying at mid
town hotel with her and Negro maid The hotel
agemen asked her to tell the maid the service
trance when she with the boy but Mercedes
fused There trouble also because the hotel
didn't like the maid to sleep in of It's lywhte beds)
At the moment Arch is working q hafhour We day
program for BIC and in contrast theory on which
American radio operates he has been told that he write
for adults.
Arnold Bom