davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1944-07-17

President Roosevelt and Prime Minister
Churchill. The President and Prime
Minister told Generalissimo and Nine.
Chang they would do all within their
power, but even then they were about
to meet Premier Stain at Teheran,
where-later developments revealed
the approximate time for the invasion
Of Europe was decided.
Generalissimo Chang and his mis-
sima" returned to their capital, perhaps
disappointed. They realized the true
situation that Britain and America were
determined to defeat Hitler first, and,
after that. the Japs But what could
they tell their generals, who already had
become SO restive?
The Japs had planned well their
propaganda campaign in China, and
for Tokyo it appeared about to bear
1ruit The Japs had sent agents into
China to contact Chiang's generals. and
they had painted glowing pictures of the
great advantages to be gained II the
generals abandoned the cause of China
Generallssimo Chiangs plight was
further aggravated by the growing need
OF medical supplies for his forces. the
chinese peoples increasing weariness Of
war. and by the continual trouble he
had been having with the Communists.
Along with request for assistance at
the Cairo conference, Chang is reputed
to have discussed with Mr.. Roosevelt
and Mrs. Churchill the Communist sit
uation In China. Chang needed the
100000 men of his army who were i'm
modified by opposition of the Chinese
Communist army.
Add all these together and one can
not fail to appreciate the nature of the
difhculties faced by Chang.
While Washington observers express
sympathy with Nine. Chang in her ILL
ness-and hope that her trip will return
her to good health-they are watching
developments back in Chungking for
some hint that Chinas position may be
even more critical than President Roose-
welt pictured it.
Evening star., 1944-07-17
Arezzo

Arezzo, taken by the British
Eighth Armv, was one of the most
stubbornly held key positions of the
German system of defense in Italy,
and it long will be remembered for
what it's capture cost in blood and
sweat. But something more than
battered enemy defenses is repre-
sented in the occupation of the an
cient Etrurian town. 1t happens
that ever since the most remotely
distant times the little city itself
and the country Immediately round
about it have produced great men
with such systematic regularity as to
prompt scientific observers to Won
der why it should be SO. The ques-
ton has been asked again and
again: What is responsible for the
common occurrence of genius in this
place?
No answer has been returned,
none can be. The riddle of human
personality and character is not
amenable to be read by finite
minds. But the problem is not the
less attractive because it is insoluble.
American pilgrims in happy days
before the first universal war used
to visit Arezzo as one of the main
objectives of their grand tour" of
the Italian peninsula. 1t was a
pretty town, clean, neat, we'll kept
by citizens who were proud of its
reputation for eminence. The
Gothic cathedral dominated every
thing-a church old enough to be
the tomb of Pope Gregory x, who
died in 1916. From the upper gal
leries of the duomo there was a mar
velous spectacle of Apennines and
valleys to be seen. Still other shrines
were those of San Francesca, built by
Fra Giovanni da Pistoia in 1922,
with murals by Spinello Aretino and
other artists of rare capacity, and
Santa Maria della Pieve, allegedly
constructed over temple of Bacchus
and boasting three open colonnades
of sixty-eight pillars and decora-
tionS by Lorenzetti. Likewise impor-
tant was the abbey of Santa Flora,
re-erected and orname1ted by Gior-
gio Vasari, the architect and his
torian Of art.
Through the streets practically
Evening star., 1944-07-17
On the Record
BY Dorothy Thompson

This is the second OF t,Do articles
by Miss Thompson discussing the
political effect of the Russian ad-
pances across Poland. The first ap-
peored Friday.
The SOvietS know that they will need
an immediate administration for the
parts of Polish soil liberated by the Red
armies.
They positively reject the western
example of Allied military governments.
They regard Poland as an ally and an
independent nation and have no inten-
ton of governing it even temporarily
by Soviet military authorities.
Nor 90 they intend to wait for the
creation OF a Polish civil administration
until they are in Warsaw. A Polish
administration will be created the mo-
ment Russian troops ente: either Lublin
In Southern Poland, or Lomzha, in the
north.
1t is still hoped that these administra-
tions will be created by a reorganized
Polish government-in-ex but If the
deadlock continues, the Russians will
still not recognize the Union of Polish
Patriots, organized in Moscow as the
new provisional government, for they
will still want to keep the way open
for unity-they do not want to create
an irreparable breach, and intend to
avoid even the symbols of a puppet gov
ernment.
When Prof. Lange was in Moscow
mission Of underground leaders arrived
from Poland. They were men who had
fought for four and a half years under
German occupation and their mission
represented An all-comprehensive cross
section of Polish politics. The Russians
demand no other solution for Poland
than national coalition cabinet of the
type of Czechoslovakia's
The plan is. that failing an agree
ment with the London government. this
Underground will be empowered to form
Polish national government, with full
sovereignty in the liberated areas.
The first concrete expressions of that
sovereignty will be the forma ton. on
Polish soil, of new and large Polish
Army. The Sovlets are prepared to
equip 1000 900 Poles with the most
modern weapons Russia can deliver.
They will march under their own gen.
erals, under their own standards. and
most sational of all-there was talk
in Moscow that the Russians intend that
they shall be the first troops to enter
Berlin in defeated Germany, even
preceding the Russians: The first to be
attacked shall be the first to be vic
torious. driving home to the Germans
what it means to attack Poland.
But will not this new Polish Army be
Red" and Communist Army?
Stains answer to this question is
positively no
Evening star., 1944-07-17
Guam

Day after day for almost two
weeks now, American warships and
planes have been hammering Guam
without let-up. Reports from Ad-
miral Nimitz's headquarters clearly
indicate that Japanese defenses are
fast crumbling there. With neigh
boring Saipan firmly held and with
the enemy's fleet and air power con-
/spicuously missing, everything sug-
gests that before very long our
forces will shift from mere lombard
ment and strike out to seize and
occupy this largest and most popu-
lous of the Marianas.
Such a development would plant
us more firmly than ever in the
inner defense area of the Japanese,
5000 miles west of San Francisco
and directly on the road to the
Philippines. More than 200 square
miles in area (roughly three times
the size of Saipan), Guam would be
an important asset to us in new
offensive thrusts in the Pacific, not
only because it would give us addi-
tional air bases but also because its
Port Apra is one of the finest har-
bors in that part of the world. Its
military value is so great, in fact,
that battle for it might conceivably
be even bitterer than that fought
and won by our forces on Saipan.
And Guam is significant for an
other reason. 1t was wrested from
us on December 13, l94l, the first
American soil taken by the japanese
after the attack on Pearl Harbor. A
small garrison of our soldiers and
marines sought valiantly to hold it,
but enemy forces-which were then
riding high verywhere-were too
overwhelming. Now the situation is
entirely reversed. AS symbol of
the decline of the TOTO war machine
nothing could be more eloquent.
Unless Admiral Nimitz chooses to
bypass it for the time being, Guam,
it seems. In the not distant future,
will again be flying the Stars and
Stripes,
Evening star., 1944-07-17
This Changing World
By Constantine Brotvn

Close observers Of the military, politi-
cal and economic situation in China
are greatly interested in the visit to
Brazil Of Nine. Chang Kai-shek, wife
OF the Chinese Generalissimo. They
hope that her trip was, as announced,
for the purpose OF q rest and not be-
cause Of pressure brought to bear on
her and her husband as q result OF
China,s losing battle against the Japs.
Since the first of the year the situa-
ton Of Generalissimo Chiang's gallant
Chinese forces has rapidly deteriorated;
1t has become SO bad, in fact, that it was
the topic of gloomy comment by President
Roosevelt at one his recent news con-
ferences.
At almost the same hour Mr. Roosevelt
was talking with newspapermen, cables
from Chungking were carrying glowing
stories detailing what Chinese Army
spokesman described as a great victory
for the Chinese. The Japs had been
pushed back rs miles in the vital Heng-
yang area of South China, and their
threat to occupy the whole of the
Hankow-CantOn railway and cut China
in two had been removed for some
time to come" the spokesman said.
The statements of Mr.. Roosevelt and
the spokesman did not seem to jibe.
Then, last week end news came from
Chungking that the Japs again had en-
circled Hengyang-where previously the
American air force held a base-and
had seized control of a Is or 30 mile
section of the Hankow Canton line
south of the city.
When Nine. Chang visited Washing
ton last summer, she made strong ap-
peals all along the line for increased
American assistance in the fight against
Japan. Her listeners heard her pleas,
and more aid was promised Weeks
and months went by, but the aid did not
arrive. chiefly because Of transportation
difficulties.
Later, in November, Generalissimo
Chang and Nine. Chang renewed the
appeal at the Cairo conference with
Evening star., 1944-07-17
Summer
By Dapid Laurence

Turn, broken spirit. to the summer
hours
That spread their altar cloth of shade
and sun
Beneath the Ieatv elms. Among pild
fo1Ders,
Ringing their silper bells. song spay.
roDs run.
The t,Dilight tpiu be purple IN the
holloDs,
And star by burning star ,Hn prick
the dark.
The evening blop be wdrm on winotno
StDdllotDS
o ,Dounded spirits, hear the neadoD.
Who made the summer knotos that YOU
are grieDing,
Sends doDn the healing rain, the
moons gold light -.
Thro,D open all your easements for
receiDing
The radiance that falls alone at niohty
And ,Oalk In faith, for there is no end
to SorrotD;
Dawn and icild bird song trumpet in
tomorrow!
BARBARA WHITNEY.
Evening star., 1944-07-17


ties. without any great loss and without
losing the cohesion of his front. He
used the principle of dilatory resistance.
going steadily back in good order CIV
Ing up territory, but keeping his armies
, lntact-all the way from the front Lem
lngrad-Staraya Russa to the present
German front based on Lake Peipus
But in Normandy he is fighting for
every hedgerow, every road. every yard
OF ground-almost, as a United Press
correspondent puts it, for every blaev
of grass
The inference to be drawn from this.
In the light of the German battle prin-
ciples expounded by Col Foertsch is
that In Normandy the Germans are
carrying out defense pure and simple"
which in the end aims to bring about
decision by battle and therefore
must in the end give way to an Of
fensve"
They have been greatly favored in
this by the weather. The. correspond
ent quoted above says that there have
been overcast skies or rain for 80 per
cent Of the time during the past six
weeks. This is terrible handicap to
the side which depends as greatly as we
do on air superiority, not only for bat
tie support, but for the vital task of
isolating the battlefield, of preventing
the movement into it of enemy reserves
and supplies.
1t was only our air superiority which
enabled us to land in France at ALL Now
that We are there, it is still upon our
air power that We must depend to delay
or stop enemy movement by road and
rail. in order that we may build up
superior ground forces for a decisive
offensive-and in order to do that we
must have more room, a great deal
more room than We now have in Nor
mandy. The obvious purpose of the
enemy-if he hopes for a decision in
his favor-is to seek that decision be-
fore we have gained such a degree of
superiority as to make decision in
his favor impossible.
Hence he seeks to confine us to our
present holdings, denying us the room
we need to build up superior striking
force. But that attempt is one without
future and of little eventual value
as compared with its cost. unless he is
going to take advantage of it to assem-
BILE his own forces in sufhcient strength
for decisive counterattack.
Copyright. 1914. New York Tribune, lne.)
Evening star., 1944-07-17

essential element Of tolerance and
peace which attaches to It's name.
What part the Federal Government
will take in the celebration has not
been settled. A commemorative
stamp was issued for Penn in 1892,
but there is no valid reason why an
other should not be authorized. Per-
haps Benjamin Vests familiar pic
ture of the Founder in conference
with the Indians under the elm at
Shackumaxon In 1883 might be re-
produced.
Evening star., 1944-07-17
Nazi Defensive P0licv
Maj. George FieIdinq Eliot

The Germans are making the most
desperate efforts to confine the Allied
forces in Normandy within the narrow
est possible limits. To do this, they are
fighting with furious energy and at no
small cost in men, tanks and equip
ment. But this is policy which has no
future unless 1t is preparatory to a re-
sumption of the offensive on a decisive
scale.
IF decision in the end is to be
sought writes Col. Foertsch of the Ger
man General Staff. in The Art of Mod
ern Warfare" the defensive can only
be preparation for it and must in the
end give way to an offensive ''' If the
object of the defensive is to bring about
decision by battle, that is to say, if
it aims to force the opponent down, to
weaken the superiority of the attacker
by its fire so as to bring about a bal
ance of forces if not actual superiority
for the previously defensive side. then
the case is one of defense pure and SIM
pie as 1t Is understood in German army
circles. II on the other hand the object
Is only to gain time and a decision is
to be avoided, the case is one. in Ger
man eyes, of dilatory resistance"
1t is therefore important to under
stand which of these two concepts of
defensive warfare the German High
Command now has in mind, as it fights
so desperately on the Normandy front.
There is fairly strong evidence that it
is not what the Germans call dilatorv
resistance. To quote again from Col.
Foertsch:
"The object Of dilatory resistance is to
avoid the decision sought by the attack
and to gain time while inflicting all the
damage 1t can on the adversary. This
requires 1t to give ground" and he fur
ther observes that dilatory resistance is
important only "on the supposition that
the general situation makes it possible
to surrender territory to the enemy"
Surrendering territory is just what
the Germans are showing no inclination
to do in France. When the present
commander in chief in Western Eu-
rope, Field Marshal Gunther Won Kluge,
was commander of the northern army
group on the Russian front last year,
he was holding positions around and
south of Leningrad, down to Novgorod
and Staraya Russa. He was attacked
by greatly superior Russian forces He
carried out an excellently conducted
withdrawal under considerable difncul-
Evening star., 1944-07-17
Tire Conservation
Prom the Topeka Capital.

Prom the Topeka Capital.
This country formerly used about
100000 tires year. But for l8
months, tire production for civilians
stopped entirely. Under present pro-
duction schedules, though they are
being met it will be impossible to
catch up. Recapping and tire conserva-
tion will be the only solution to the
problem, as American Automobile Asso-
citation officials see 1t.
Care for your car. for your country"
is a slogan: it is also q necessity. The
operation Of war plants and other essen
tials is dependent to a large extent upon
transportation which must move on
rubber.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-05-05
NAILS BEING FED
SOOTHING SYRUP
Continued from Page One)

tCOntlnued from Page One)
what has been happening in past
weeks is more a question of tactics
and war nerves than genuine mill
tary action
He claimed that bombing cant
knock out the Luftwaffe," nor
paralyze anti-invasion defenses, Z"
saying that "Cassino has shown
that aerial bombardments, no mat
ter how massive, are not in them
selves adequate to break through
fixed lines of defense unless ground
troops enjoy superiority
Admitting the invasion would he
decisive, Goebbels said Germans
could take comfort because behind
the westwall there are "a hidden
host of unknown preparations"
Meanwhile it was disclosed in
Britain that King George had visit
ed secret Raj invasion head
quarters of the second tactica1
alrforce, commanded by Air Mar.
shall Sir Arthur Coningham. It was
the kings first visit to the RAF's
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-05-05

perfumes in preparation for his en-
counter with his ancestors. But he
Is now in custory of the United
States armed forces. Before enter
ing the submarine he had his fun.
eral rites performed.
The submarine will be on view
IN Wilmington until 10: 80 this eve.
nlng, Mrs. J. C.. Seymour, presi-
dent of the American Legion Aux
liiary who is in charge of tickets,
disclosed. Others who have donat-
ed their services to aiding in the
exhibit are Mrs. Lucille B. Ed
wards and Mrs. Hattie Mann. Boy
scouts are escorting visit
around the submarine which is at
1ached to $50 horse power super
charged Diesel engine truck in the
charge of Mr.. Bob Trutner of the
Bigge Drayage Co., Oakdale, Cali
fornia.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-05-05
JAP SUBMARINE
EXHIBITED HERE

lap navy officer, four feet
,.1ae inches tall, in charge of the
ln i'o man suicide submarine now on
wv 'I;hi+ at Front and Market street.
eo 49, the benefit of Bundles for
l,u,erica. would be surprised to
l ni. that his ship which was cap
'aed before he could fire either
~ his torpedos has been shown to
:" iar fen million Americans as a
wv wv relic. The sub which was cap
' sat on December g., 1941 has
.r W. over 10000 miles in 1400
a;es of "A states.
Tho submarine is 81 feet long.
cot in diameter and weighs II IL
to Ms, The highest point directly be-
W. Aootb the hatch is. only feet l
! ,v IT carried two eighteen-inch
.nr eighteen feet long weigh
~; NO 1850 pounds. These were to be
ared from the bow of the sub by
n -, of compressed air and each
+ornsdo tube had attached to it a
s s pound air compression cham
t hsr lO4 twelve volt storage bat
.sr;e7 provided the motivating pow
~ NJ the submarine whose cruising
rsnee was only $50 miles. The sur
tace speed was 16 knots and the
submerged speel 6 to 8 knots.
The purpose of the submarine
wa, to fire its two torpedoes and
then dive up to or nestle under
th9 third target, the officer would
then touch the button setting off
the demolition charge which would
destroy the crew, submarine and
the target. But the Jap officer was
captured before accomplishing his
task dressed in full costume, heih
ly scented with Japan's choicest
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-05-05
|R0TARIANS MEET
FOR CONFERENCE

PINEHURST, May 4EtREDr. E.
E. Pfaff, executive secretary of the
Southern Council of International
relations, discussed problems of
the coming peace at luncheon
today preceding the 18TH district
Rotary conference here tomorrow.
DR.. Pfaff a i d Rotarians the
world over should exert their in
fluence for international coopera-
ton as against imperialism and
power politics, which he said could
lead only to greater conflict.
Governor William H. Chambers
of Salisbury reported a record ad-
vance registration for the one-day
conference. Newly elected officers
of the 48 clubs in the district came
here today.
Col. Oveta Culp Hobby, Com
manding officer of the WAC, and
Carl E. Bolte, deputy chief of the
field bureau, Smaller War Plants
Corporation, will address the con-
vention tomorrow.
Col. Carlos P. Romulo, adviser
to President Quezon of the Philip
pines, will be the principal speaker
tomorrow night Bart N. Peak of
Lexington, KY, will speak as rep
resentative of Rotary International.
Charles H. Stone of Charlotte is
unopposed for district governor, to
succeed Robert Madry of Chapel
Hill.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-05-05

second front command, though he
had been touring army camps.
While Goebbels sought to calm
the Germans, the Moscow radio
broadcast to the Reich that com
bined blows from the east and west
are about to be delivered. The
three Allies will crush the breath
from Germany"
Nothing can stop the Red army
the broadcast said, although in a
belated attempt to stave off dis
alter the Germans recently
switched forces from the west tt
the east thereby dangerously ex
posing themselves in the west"
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-05-05
MANY never
SUSPECT CAUSE
OF bACkACHES
This Old Treatment Often
Brings Happy Relief

Many sufferers relieve nagging backachs
quickly, once they discover that the real cause
Of their trouble may be tired kidneys.
The kidneys are Natures chief way of TAX
ing the excess acids and waste out of the blood.
They helpmo people pass about3 pints a day.
poisonous matter to remain in your blood, it
may cause nagging backache, rheumatic
pains, leg pains, loss OF pep and energy, get
ting up nights, swelling, pufhness under the
eyes, headaches and dizziness. Frequent or
scanty passages with smarting and burning
with your kidneys or bladder.
Don't wait! Ask your druggist for Doan's
Pills, used successfully by millions for over 40
years: They give happy relief and will help the
Is miles OF kidney tubes flush out poisonous
waste from your blood. Get Doan's Pills.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-05-05
40 DELEGATES
BACK ROOSEVELT
Continued from Page One)


On the Republican side, delegate
picking will be resumed tomorrow
when the Washington state con-
vention picks is. State leaders ex-
poet the delegation to be technical
~ unpledged but efforts may be
made. to instruct it. for Governor
Thomas p. Dewey. Some sentiment
for. Governor John W. Bricker of
Ohio also is reported. -.
Mississippi Republican "Regu-
lars the group headed by Perry
Howard met to choose six COP.
delegates yesterday. A rival,
Independent faction led by former
Governor Sheldon Of Nebraska
plans to meet May 18 to select
another Mississippi delegation which
will contest the seating of Towards
group. .. .+s5
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-05-05

eliminate widespread confusion"
Another provision would re-
classify and draft for essential in.
dustry all At registrants capable
of performing necessary work.
while still another would draft
for military or labor service any
one who refuses to take an essen
tial job, if unemployed or if work.
ing in a non-essential industry.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-05-05
FIRING NOTICE

Notice of firing to be con-
Quoted by Headquarters Anti
aircraft Artillery school OF
Camp Davis, May 7-14, inclu-
sive. Place: Sears Landing fir
ing point; Sector No. 2; Daily
from ANIL PM; Danger
Zone: Water area known as Sec
tor No. 2 to inclzde a distance
off shore of $4,000 yards at
Sears Landing, and the air area
above the water area up to an
altitude of 60, 900 feet.