davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-10-09
With The AEF
Artillery And Timber

few at a different target. But now
they're using our system-pulling
whole batteries and even batta-
lions in on one target. Believe me,
when you get big barrage like
that along with a lot of tree
bursts, you're gonna lose guys.
The only way you have is dig in
and then tunnel back from your
foxhole so you have some place
to crawl when it starts. If you
don't have a foxhole, it's just too
bad" eg- -ls....- .....-..
Pvt. Joseph di Pietro, 20, of
Philadelphia, Pa, machine gun
ner, summed it all up thus:
Il guess Jerry's artillery is the
worst any of us has seen yet, but
their man-to-man resistance is not
as tough as it was several places
in Italy. But even that is stiffen-
ing up plenty. The weather is
against us, like it was in Italy.
Casualties already are being
caused by exposure to wet and
cold. Lots of them are exhaustion
cases, too. The average guy can
only take so much of that sort of
fighting, I guess"
The others nodded, crowded up
closer to the fire, and lapsed into
silence.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-10-09
German Deserters

One OF the surprising features Of the war
on the Western 'front.' ever since Bradley and
Montgomery made their break-through in
Normandy has been the willingness Of Ger
man soldiers and their commanders to sur
render.
1t is surprising because it contradicts every.
thing that had been said about the stamina
and fanaticism of the German soldier. Hitler
had so incu1cated in the Germans, and par
ticularly German men and youths indicted
into his armed services the idea that they
were the only invincibles and that no power,
race or nations could stand against them
that surrender seemed to have no place in
their codes Of conduct. How could it be, in
any circumstances, that the chosen rulers OF
the world should lay their arms at the feet
OF mere men?
Nevertheless the records show that thous.
ands upon thousands Of German soldiers have
dropped their guns and put 'em up in
many cases with genuine glee at escaping
further fighting.
But surrender, it now appears, is only one
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-10-09

1ogna. Then the Normandy front, with Caen
as the point Of beginning. was 635 miles; now
the Western front, from north Of venlo. Is
ao2 miles from Berlin.
But these figures, helpful as they are, do
not tell the whole story. For example, when
the Allied armies were fighting around Caen
their foothold on the mainland Of Europe was
not more than 4 toehold at best. Since then
more than 30 per cent Of France has been
liberated and Allied forces are engaging the
enemy practically along the entire length OF
the vaunted siesfried line. In Italy the Ger.
man Gothic line has been pierced and the
Pc valley in northern Italy penetrated. with
Pisa the western anchor. Rinini the eastern
anchor. and Florence the Germans central
hitehing post in the Gothic lire, captured.
Russia has not only moved up in the White
Russian sector, but extended its advances
from the Baltic to the Black Sea, with Ro-
Hungary penetrated and Austria next up for
attack.
Not only has the distance been shortened
on all fronts. There has been a great expan-
sion Of the areas Of Allied advance. with the
moose slowly but surely tightening on the
neck Of the chief German center. With Cen
eral Marshall, the American chief Of staff in
Paris for conference with General Eisenhow.
er, commander Of all Allied forces in the
West. It would appear that program sfor in
creasing the pace and dimensions of attack
is being drafted. with the object Of ending
the war in that theater, possibly before win
ter brings an end to major operations.
Whether it is possible to win the peace in
Europe before winter or the offensive must
continue into next spring. progress thus far
recorded on all fronts coupled with growing
Allied striking power and whitening German
war might clearly indicate that the end Of
Hitler's ambitious dream Of ruling Europe
and the world is about ended.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-10-09
Only Part Of The Picture

| In connection with the one day strike o!
maintenance workers in the Detroit area
which forced idleness upon some $4,000 te
10000 workers, the New York Times point.
out the folly of reducing to any percentage
Of manhours lost by strikers directly involved
in the stoppage. 1T is impossible to estimate
how many other workers would have been
thrown out of work had the strike continued. -
says the Times, and explains: IF factory
TINT is making some essential part for an
airplane shuts down, the output of the work.
ers in another city who are making another
part becomes useless until the striking plants
catch up" The Times continues:
I'm this case, the strike of maintenance
workers Immediately caused the idleness OF
from ten to fifteen times the actual number
of strikers. The indirect idleness caused by
strikes is often far greater than this. In Au-
gust the chairman of the War Labor Board,
writing to the President about the Philadel-
phia transit strike, said: 1T involves upwards
Of 5000 employees of the Philadelphia Trans
portation Company. 1t is depriving some q
O00,0 900 people of transportation, about 9OO,-
600 Of whom are war workers. The strike of
5000 employees in Philadelphia, in other words,
kept one or two hundred times that number
from work. Many Of these, in turn, were
probably engaged in critical industries upon
which other industries depended.
Nothing could better illustrate how frivo-
lous are the figures put out by the admins
tration which measure the man-hours lost
through strikes only in terms of the time lost
by the striking workers themselves Yet the
administration continues to lay great stress
on such figures in its efforts to minimize the
importance of war strikes The President
made it an important point of his speech be-
fore the Teamsters Union on Sept. %: The
fact is that, since Pearl Harbor. only one
tenth of l per cent Of man-hours have been
lost by strikes. Can you beat that!'
ut cannot be too often pointed out that
such statistics are essentially meaningless,
not only because they fail to take into con.
sideration the amount of indirect idleness
that strike involves but because they ig-
more how vital the particular production may
be that is brought to halt. The value Of the
product Of the entire soft coal industry of the
United States, to cite but one example,
amounts to only per cent Of the national in
come. II strike stopped 1t for an entire year
the statistics might show that there were no
one knows that such a strike would bring
practically our entire war production to a
halt in a few months
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-10-09

misunderstanding should develop
between the Poles and Russians.
There probably would have been
much less in the hypothetical case
suggested. Relations between
France and the Western Allies
are not aggravated by any terri
torial question. Frances right to
reclaim her own has never been
questioned. In the case Of Poland,
deep and old friction provided a
foundation for quick suspicion.
Dispute over Poland's future from
tiers had already erected a dam
gerous superstructure on it.
1t is suggested by this thesis,
therefore, that the tragedy Of War
saw arises no. out of any delber-
ate i'll will or malice on either
side, but out # the fortunes of
war which brought the Red Arrny's
July offensive to a halt before
Warsaw was liberated. That was
a bitter disappointment to the
Poles. II it was equally disappoint-
ing to the Russians, it is easy to
understand the present tendency Of
each side to feel that blame at
taches to the other
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-10-09
Moving Up

Recently these columns have been headed
by brief feature THE Road to Berlin. -
Watching it day by day, Allied armies seem
almost to be standing still. It is only by com.
pairing the present mileage with that say a
couple Of months ago, that it is possible to
note how much progress has been made.
Take note Of these figures. two months age
the Russian front, measured in a direct Line
from a point near Grodno. was 435 mile.
from the Reich capital; today the Russian,
are $40 miles away Then the Italian from
was GOT miles, from near Ancona on the Adri
attic coast; now it is 564 miles, measured from
the Fifth Army's position just below 30
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-10-09
BY JOHN SELBY
"Lee's Lieutenants: Gettysburg TO
Appomattox," by Douglas South

AYpomattox," by Douglas South
all Freeman (Scribners; S5).
In 1884 and 1885 Douglas South
all Freeman published the four
volumes of "R. E. Lee," which
ellen Glasgow has called tae
greatest American biography-and
which cannot be far from deserv-
ing that very high praise. The
Lee project left DR.. Freeman with
a great mass Of material bearing
indirectly on the general, and an
idea.
The idea was to surround Lee
with great panorama in which
h i s subordinate commanders
would be the chief figures, a lit
erary canvas not unlike the IA
nous picture in the Battle Abbey
at Richmond which shows Lee and
his generals together under tree.
This would, however, degenerate
into a set Of brief biographies
without some unifying agent
and nothing is more boring tnan a
collection Of brief biographies. DE-.
Freeman had an inspiration at
this point, as he usually seems to
have when confronted with a diff
ficult problem.
He decided 70 unity his sketches
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-10-09
The Literary Guidepost

by imbedding them in a study Of
the development of the army
command under Lee. He has now
published three volumes Of this
study, and it is complete. For my
taste it stands beside the Lee
in quality, and IN some respects
it is even more exciting; for one
thing, it is more varied and by its
very nature, has a tremendous
sweep. The third volume Lee
Lieutenants: Gettysburg to Apo
mattox" is a particularly good il
lustration of this. Much new ma
terial has been uncovered, and
very often the swing of the nara
tive takes over and the reader
forgets entirely that he is pre-
sumably reading a series Of BIZ
ographical studies.
DR.. Freeman has changed con-
siderably the traditional portraits
of Jackson, Longstreet and to a
somewhat lesser degree Jeb Stu
art. If there is moral it is
that an American army must
have a nucleus Of professionally
trained officers, and that the fail
ure Of the Confederacy can be
laid to the loss of such a nucleus,
and the deterioration Of command
for that and other reasons. The
word great" must. be used for
Tees Jieutenants.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-10-09

phase Of the German soldiers desire to be
done with war. From Bern, which. Incl.
dentally, is growing less propaganda ridden
than in the earlier days Of the conflict, comes
word that in addition to surrendering gladly,
= great many Germans in the armed service
Of Hitler are deserving behind the German
lines. It is reported that one gestapo agent
in Friedrichshaven has let it be known that
Thousands" Of German soldiers are Sinking
about Germany without the proper papers,
shirking military duties.
Desertion says the Bern dispatch, is now
almost daily occurrence Soldiers talk about
II as though it were matter Of course, IAN
attitude that would have been unthinkable
three years ago." The dispatch cites specific
cases.
One young soldier in Wurttemburg lived
with his parents in farmhouse for IA days.
When an official came to get him for return
ing home without leave. he was in his bed.
room not yet fully dressed. He asked for per-
mission to continue dressing, took a pistol
out of a drawer instead of his clothes, and
shot the official
In farm near Cologne. a couple was TAX
en- away and shot 'for aiding the desertion''
Of their son. The evidence was the sons mill
tary clothes found in the farmhouse.
Many more German soldiers would like to
desert than actually do Desertion require.
considerable initiative and preparation if il
is to be successful.
One deserter stated that he constantly talk.
ed about deserving with a comrade, made
complicated plans, but that his comrade neve,
did his share Of collecting the needed equip.
ment. Hence he struck off alone.
One deserter received hospital pass te
Nancy while that city was still in German
hands. Instead of going to hospital he spent
over week equipping himself with three re-
volvers, one bicycle lamp, a food rucksack
and hand grenades which he stole or Dough,
from other soldiers there.
One Of the chief difficulties in flight back
to Germany or to a neutral country is to have
the proper papers. On vital roads in France
there is guard every five or ten miles check
ing the papers Of soldiers
One deserter coming through the Vosges
met a guard 80 miles outside Colmar He
was riding bicycle. Just then transport
column Of soldiers approached in trucks. So
the deserter told the guard he was just an ad-
vance scout for the column and that the col
umn leader had his papers. Then when the
column came along he jumped on the rear of
the last truck and passed the barrier as a
member Of the troop.
It is, of course too soon to think that the
German army morale has cracked, but it is
worth remembering that the factor that con-
tributed most to Germanys defeat in the
former World War was the collapse Of the
armys morale.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-10-09
EGYPTIAN CABINET
|OUSTED BY FAR0UK

CAIRO, Oct. 10.-(R-King Fa.
rouk has dismissed the Egyptian
cabinet under Nahas Pasha.
The news has caused sensation
in Cairo, where it was made
known by official radio announce
ments.
1t has long been known that diff.
ferences existed between the king
and prime minister. It was believ.
ed not questions Of foreign policy
were involved.
Formation of a new government
was entrusted to Achmed Maher
Pasha.
Palace circles said the kings &C.
ton was motivated ''by his desire
to see Egypt ruled constitutional
ly," the inference being that the
previous premier was governing in
dictatorial manner.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-10-09
Marine Earl Mcfarland
Denies Murder Of Girl

WASHINGTON, Oct. g. Up -
Earl Mcfarland, Marine Corps
private charged with murder in
the golf course strangling Of 49,
year old Dorothy Berrum, War de-
partment clerk, appeared today in
police lineup with five other Ma
rines before several persons who
had given information in the case.
None of the witnesses, including
a taxicab driver who said he drove
the tiny girl and her escort to the
Potomac park course early Friday
morning, was able to say definite
ly that Mcfarland was the person
they had described.
Mcfarland continued today to
protest his innocence under ques-
tioning by Detective Chief Robert
]. Barrett.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-10-09
BY KENNETH L. DIXON

SOMEWHERE ON THE WEST
ERN FRONT, Oct. 5-DelayeO-
IA handful of soldiers stood
talking in low voices before the
fireplace. Outside it was raining
Their outfits had been pulled
out of the line briefly and put in
reserve. 1t was the first time in
several weeks they had been able
to get where it was warm and
dry.
Somebody had compared fight.
ing in the forests Of the Vosges
foothills with Casino.
Mostly it's the weather and
the artillery that makes you think
that" said Pvt. Raymond Large,
20-year-old line company rifleman.
"Of course" ne continued thought
fully, cts awful wet and cold,
but I don't think their infantry
resistance has been as tough yet
as it was at Casino. It's getting
that way, though"
YEAH said Donald Brazir of
Springfield, Ala, another rifle
man. their artillery is doing
plenty of talking back now"
A couple of mortarmen of a
heavy weapons company nodded
agreement. Fighting in the woods
that way, we're getting lots Of
tree bursts" said PFC. Edward
Nizelski, 20, of New York City.
"You can't hide from tree bursts. ~
cTree bursts are detonations
above ground caused when SHELLS
explode on contact with the upper
portion of standing timber.)
"Yeah, that's causing many Of
our casualties-tree bursts" add
ed Cpl. Mat Kelly, 10, Of Phila.
delphia, Pa. THAT timber up the
makes it pretty rough
the rifle company mad suffered
heavy casualties battling around
and beyond the Mozelle river.
1--WE had it pretty easy the first
couple or three weeks after land.
ing" said Sgt. Raymond A. Fry
err, 30-year-old rifle company
squad leader. Of Columbus, o,
"But it's been getting plenty tough
lately. Except for the artillery,
guess it's not quite as bad as
Casino. But the artillery is lot
worse. And OF course, it's already
colder than it was there-and we
thought it was plenty cold there. ~
The other men around the fire.
place nodded. cts the way they
are using artillery now that's diff
ferent,' put in Pvt. Clarence
Swope, 10, Of Cresson, Pa, a rifle.
man in Flyers company. 'TheJ
used to sorta comb the whole
front with each gun throwing a
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-10-09
Nazis Launch Flying
Bombs Against England

LONDON. Oct. 8-lRAThe Ger
mans launched flying bombs at
southern England late tonight.
Antiaircraft guns and search
light batteries sprang into action
as the robots came in over the
east coast from toward the NORTH
sea in the fourth consecutive night
attack.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-10-09
Get Facts Straight

Both leading candidates for the presidency,
in the heat of the campaign and the pres
sure of other unacceptable duties, are max
ing statements which are not borne out by
the facts.
For example, there is President Roosevelt's
unhappy reference to the Thanking privilege
and his unhappy Interpolation Of the word
'free'' in connection with the mailing OF Re-
publican campaign matter during his latest
broadcast. which has started tempest and
no end Of gliding from his opponents
Also. there is Governor Dewey's declara'
ton that the administration is planning to
keep men in service after hostilities instead
of establishing an agency of relief and speed
ing their return to private life. He, too, ut
tered canard that has laid him wide open
20 attack.
Secretary Stimson OF the War department
has lost no time in exposing the canard. Mr..
Stimson has issued a statement declaring
that neither political or economic factors have
entered the Army's plans for partial demo-
Utilization of its forces with the defeat of Ger
many.
There are only two things that will at
feet the speed Of rehabilitation" he says
One is the military necessity of retaining SUI
ficent troops in service quickly and perma-
nently to defeat Japan. The other, he says
is available shipping. Except for these limi-
tations. the Army is arranging to return those
eligible for rehabilitation as quickly as pos
sible."
Mr.. Stinson's reference to available ship
ping draws attention to a condition that has
not generally received adequate consideration
in mo1ding opinions on what sort of job re-
mains to be done in freeing the world from
the dictators.
Thus far in this war, by reason Of the de-
cision of the Allied high command the chief
effort has been to get rid Of Hitler before con-
centrating Allied strength for the destruction
Of the Japanese. Necessarily, as long as this
has been the Allied program, shipping has
been modified for the European war. When
this war is over, the effort must switch to the
Far East and there must be as great move
ment Of troops, materials equipment and
whatnot to the Pacific as has characterized
Allied campaigns against the Axis in Europe
When this movement sets in, shipping will
become principal factor. And shipping, as
now available, is not sufficient to carry out
this movement and simultaneously bring
home many thousands Of service personnel as
quickly as peace is achieved in Europe.
The fact that American shipyards are work
Ing without letup . produce more ships for
cargo and transport service is evidence Of the
nations determination to meet the coming
emergency as well as it can
1t will be quite as necessary to build a
bridge Of ships across the Pacific as it was
to have bridge c. ships to make Hitlers de-.
feat possible Only, because Of the greater
distance and larger need, more ships will be
required tor a thorough going job.
1t would tend to prevent much public mis-
understanding and confusion and promote a
peaceful election if the leading candidates
were more careful to get their facts straight
before stepping upon the rostrum or speak
ing into a mike.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-10-09
AWARDED MEDAL

WASHINGTON, Oct. 8. - Up -
Posthumous award Of the Congress
sional Medal of Honor to Private
First Class John w. Dutko, of Ho-
,ner City, Pa, was announced by
the War department today. Single.
handedly, Dutko killed II Germans
who were manning an 88-milime.
ter cannon and three machine
guns, and then fell dead himself
over the bodies Of the enemy.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-10-09
COvENTRY's CASUALTIES

LONDON, Oct. 8-R-Gernls;
air raids destroyed or damas.
10000 homes and killed 1000 Pr.
pie in Coventry-England's aur
mobile manufa curing center
approximately 100000 popuIauor,
since the start of the war, HUI! .j
Secretary Herbert Morrison W.
a parade Of 1,400 defense worA'
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-10-09
rs Years Ago
Today
(EROM THE FILES
OF THE STAR-NEWS1
OCTOBER 9. 1919

OCTOBER 9, 1919 ;,
Announcement has been nlsa'
that the Oceanic hotel at Wrlgan
vile Beach, owned by the Ilu'
Water Power company, has 0es.
leased to James P. Vinlng an ~.
c. F. Russell, managers OF ~
Breton Inn at Ormand BesG4
Fla, and the Eseeola Inn at LiD
vile.
Miss Louise Gieschen Of 'n' M,
city became the bride yestefas+'
of Richard Dunlea Of QulN"'
Mass, at st. PauPs Lu'he'"
church.
Albert Brown, bass solols' ~
the choir of the First Presbytef,s,,,
church, will leave this week -. ~.
Asheville, where he will be nl',
ried to Miss Hortense lola ~,
daughter Of Mrs. John trelN'
Toms of Asheville.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-10-09
Our Chief Ain,
To aid In every way the prosecution Of the
war to complete Victory.
TOP O. THE MORNING

We place at the top Of our esteem those
people who take chivalrously the heavy
blows Of life, who are not brave merely,
but xallant-Owen Wister.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1944-10-09

A thick-skinned animal is a pa.
chydermata.