davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-07-23

chutists, who received their equip
ment also from the skies, including
light tanks and artillery The Ger
man attaches report of this incident
is presumed to have inspired the
training of Nazi parachute troops.
The United States had not
single paratrooper when Nazi para
chutists' capture of the Rotterdam
airport in May, 1910, established the
parachute as an effective tool of
modern warfare Then the United
States Army welcomed back home its
earlier idea. and organized the first
parachute battalion at Fort Ben
ming, Ga. In the summer war games
of 1941, Uncle Sans Umbrella
Boys" went into mimic action for the
first time on September 16, when
1877 parachutists descended and cap
tured a Louisiana cotton patch.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-07-23
Montgomery 10 Elect
Chest Officers al
Meeting Tonight

Election of permanent officers of
the recently organized Montgomery
County Community Chest and pres
entation of the budgets of the agen-
cies desiring to participate will take
place at meeting of the Board of
Trustees at o'clock tonight in the
Liquor Control Board Room, Silver
Spring.
Fred L. Lutes, chairman of the
Budget Committee, will present the
budgets of the agencies and the
amounts tentatively approved for
1914. A slate of proposed officers, to
serve until the first annual meeting
in January, will be presented by
Miss Lavinia Engle, chairman of the
Nominating Committee.
Incorporation of the chest has
been completed and will be reported
on by William Morrell, chairman.
Lacy Shaw, president of the COM
missioners, this week received let
ter from Ralph Blanchard, execu-
tive director of the national organ
ization, Community Chests and
Councils, Inc, which said In part:
May we add our congratulations
to those which you have received.
1t seems to us that this is a very
forward-looking move which you
have made and we are sure that
it will mean a great deal to your
country.
LAS we view the situation, these
are days when communities should
do everything in their power SO to
organize their local affairs that they
can go about the job intelligently
of studying their local problems and
doing something about them. Not
only is this important to the total
war effort of the Nation, but we
believe it will be even more i'm
portant in the postwar period. Your
county has now joined the group
of local communities which have
announced their determination to
do everything in their power to
solve their local problems.
1--WE hope that you and your new
organization will keep us closely in
touch with developments and that
you will let us know wherever you
think we can be of assistance"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-07-23
BY HELEN LOMBARD.

People in Washington still speak
Of "offlcial positions" as If they
we're significant part on the mod
ern scene. Actually there have
been complaints to the State De-
partment in recent months from
officials who have not received in
v1tationS to functions to which they
felt their positions entitled them.
And these complaints have not
come from the classical stuffed
shirts" OF the Capital, but rather
from good New Dealers who came
to this town with only the shirts
on their backs and a vast desire
to re-make the world.
The days of the stuffed shirt"
are not over, but the old-style
Washington stuffed shirt is being
succeeded by a newer and SINNER
variety.
Diplomats Prerogatives Shaved.
For instance, the American dip
lomat, who used to be the most
privileged official, has been shorn
of many of his prerogatives. Gone
are the diplomatic privileges which
belonged in the old days to am
bassadors and ministers. These
men still represent the President
and the American Government,
but in the world of today even their
comforts have ceased to matter and
when abroad they depend for food
on the "largesse" of the military
authorities.
In the prewar days when there
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-07-23
War Pinches Prerogotives
Of u. S. Diplomats Abroad

was a shortage in an American
embassy, as some times occurred
in Moscow, for instance, special con-
signment was Immediately rushed
by planes from Sweden or Finland
Medicines, food, wines and other
sundries have been dispatched by
plane to complete the shopping list
of the United States diplomatic
representatives abroad. Today the
military men control shipping
space and the needs of the civilian
diplomatic representatives do not
have priorities.
Soldier Rations Doled Out.
In Iran where the food shortage
Is acute and some American mill
tary forces are stationed, the Amer
lean Minister Is permitted to buy
food at the army comissariat but
his allotment cannot exceed that
of buck private.
The heads Of the diplomatic mis-
sions in war areas have certain
privileges which are, however,
more illusory than real. They are
permitted to purchase canned
goods without submitting coupons,
but must assume the risks of trans
portation and insurance involved
in carrying the goods abroad.
This Is a radical change from
the days when ambassadors looked
with disfavor on their military and
naval attaches because the repre-
sentatives of the armed forces wore
more gold braid than the regular
diplomatic representatives.
released By the Bell Syndicate, Ine.l
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-07-23
WLb Panel Denies JAW
Postwar Security Fund
BY the Associated Press

BY the Associated Press
DETROIT, July 23-The War
Labor Board panel hearing dispute
between General Motors Corp. and
the United Automobile Workers
(CIO) told union representatives to-
day that it could not consider de-
mands for weekly wage guarantees,
industry wide sterilization and a
postwar security fund.
These matters are not a part of
the unions present contract with
the corporation" Ralph T. Seward
panel chairman and its public men,
Der. informed UAW-CIO officials at
tending public hearings on the I'M
ion demands. They have no proper
place before this panel, which can
consider wage adjustments only"
officials of the union. headed by
Walter P. Reuther, JAW vice presi-
dent, said they would appeal to the
full War Labor Board.
The union had asked that g post
war security fund be set up equal to
the amount the corporation is now
setting aside to rehabilitate equip
ment in the postwar period. This
sum has been set, according to I'M
ion officials, at $l50,000,000.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-07-23
Virginia Fire and Marine
Adds Five 10 Board
BY the Associated Press.

Ss the Associated Press.
RICHMOND, Va, July 23.-Five
additional directors of the Virginia
Fire and Marine Insurance Co.
were elected here yesterday at the
special stockholders meeting and
the new board, meeting later with
the new members participating,
elected Claude D. Minor of New
York as president of the company.
The five new directors are:
Thatcher M. Brown of Brown
Bros, Hartman & Co., New York;
w. Randolph Burgess, vice chairman
of the National City Bank, New
York; William S. Gray, jr., presi-
dent, Central Hanover Bank g.
Trust Co., New York; Benjamin
Strong, vice president, United States
Trust Co., New York, and Minor.
Beverly G. Lewis, jr., Of Rich
mond, who has been connected with
the company in various capacities
since 1903, was reelected vice Lresi-
dent and secretary of the company,
and Henry C. Pilot of New York
was elected a vice president.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-07-23
Air Defense ACTIVITY
Along East Coast
Area Is Cunai|ed
BY the Associated Press.


PHILADELPHIA, July 23.-Col.
B. M. Hovey, jr., commanding Of
flcer of the Philadelphia. Air De-
tense Wing, announced today
that number of ground observer
posts OF the aircraft warning
service have been discontinued.
mo release Of specific number or
exact location Of posts reactivated is
authorized" Col. Hovey said
While the country is still in dan
ger of spasmodic raids" Col. Hovey
added, "the threat OF daily bomb
ings has been reduced by change in
the tactical situation in Europe"
Therefore. by direction of the
Secretary of War, readjustment of
our aircraft warning service has
been made in certain areas, releas-
ing many volunteers serving on
posts and in centers for other vital
ly necessary war activities"
Maj Gen. Ralph Royce, COM
handing general of the First Air
Force, in message to members of
the affected ground observer posts
said: This curtailment of defense
activities in certain areas-far from
weakening our defensive position,
in reality strengthens and en-
hances our chances for victory at an
earlier date"
ut does this Gen. Royce added,
because it will effect a tremendous
saving in military personnel, facili-
ties and money and will allow all Of
you volunteers in the aircraft
warning service in the affected
areas to transfer your efforts to
activities on the home front which
is in vital need of strengthening. !,
The Philadelphia Wing includes
parts of Pennsylvania, New Jersey
and Maryland.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-07-23
Robert Savage, IA, Dies;
Noted Steel Enqraver
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
ORLANDO, Fla, July 23.-Robert
Savage, "a. one of the best known
steel engravers of portraits in this
country, died in hospital here to-
day from complications resulting
from heart attack.
Mr.. Savage became i'll last fall in
New York after completing an en-
craving Of Generalissimo Chang
Kai-shek and returned to his winter
home in Gainesville. He came here
in April with his wife and stayed
with his daughter, Mrs. Leland
Daniels.
Mr.. Savage's parents brought him
to this country from Ireland when
he was one year old and made their
home in New York. After complet-
ing his education, Mr.. Savage be-
came steel engraver and for So
years had been associated with the
American Bank Note Co.
Much of his work has been on
stamps and paper money for Euro
pean and South American countries.
Mr.. Savage is survived by his wild
ow, formerly Miss Ruth McMurriian
OF Columbus, Ga; his daughter, Mrs.
Daniels; a grandson, Robert Daniels,
and a step-daughter, Mrs. Thomas
c. Armstrong Long Branch, N. j.
Funeral and burial will be here
Sunday.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-07-23
Georgia u. Eleven Adds
Wake Forest 10 Schedule
BY the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
ATHENS, Ga, July 23.-Athletic
Director Wallace Butts announced
today the signing of an eighth
game for the University of Georgia
football team - Wake Forest at
Athens next October 9.
Mr.. Butts previously announced
a seven-game schedule, with four
open dates. The Georgia coach
said he hoped to schedule one more
game for November 20, thus indi-
eating that October 2, the week be-
fore the Wake Forest game, and
October Is, the week before the
Alabama game, will be permanently
open.
Georgia is to open the season
September 18 against Presbyterian,
then meet South Carolina, Wake
Forest, Alabama, Cincinnati, Geor-
gia Navy Pre-Flight. Virginia Mill
tary Institute and Georgia Tech.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-07-23
Apache, Trierorch Head Field
Of Nine in Yonkers Handicap

tenth test, although he will carry
top weight of 1913 pounds and is bet
ter known as a Splinter. Apache
won the event last year under lis
pounds, setting an Empire City
track record.
Principal rivals of the Woodward
pair likely will be Mrs Payne Whit
ney's The Rhymer, who finished last
in the Butler Handicap, and Mrs.
Tilyou Christophsr's Kinghsher.
Other horses entered are Arnold
Hangers Dit, William Helis' Salto
Mrs. Ethel D. Jacobs Halle, Samuel
Riddles Soldier Song and WI
Ranch's Bill Sickle.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-07-23
Use Of Paratroops
Was Foreseen by
Franklin in 1888

The parachute troops who were
the first Americans to invade Sicily
demonstrated a kind of modern war;
fare in which the United States
has pioneered.
Although the Axis first used par
atroops in combat, these soldiers
from the sky are as American in
origin as ice cream cones and apple
pie, according to the National Geo.
graphic Society.
Benjamin Franklin foresaw them
Gen. William ("Billy") Mitchell ad-
vocated them and the United States
Army was experimenting with them
Is years ago.
Franklin, in 1888, was serving as
Ambassador to France from the
young, vulnerable United States,
and like the widest modern military
attache, he looked for new methods
of warfare that might affect the
security of his country He wit
messed in Paris on November 81,
1888, the balloon demonstration that
went down in history as mankind's
first authenticated ascent into the
air. The same day he talked with
one Of the inventors of the para
chute. Two months later he wrote
that a country might in the future
have to defend itself from 10000
men descending from the clouds"
Use Suggested by Mitchell.
A United States Army captain
made the worlds first parachute
jump from an airplane. Capt. Bert
Berry began the plane-and-para-
chute partnership in March, 1912,
bailing out at st. Louis, Mo-, from
Benoit- Pusher plane piloted by
Tony Janus.
1T was Gen. Mitchell who pro-
posed turning the passive parachute
of emergency self-preservation into
weapon of of1ense. In the First
World War he advocated Dispatch
ing 10000 American soldiers on an
invasion behind German lines by
parachute. Nothing came of his
suggestion.
In April, 1923, soldiers at Chanute
Field, ILL.,, were experimenting with
mass jumps, parachuting to earth by
the planeload, 10 at time.
An Army sergeant patented the
special-delivery parachute for drop
ping weapons and supplies along
with paratroopers. His article car
rier" was demonstrated in 1929 at
Brooks Field, Tex, when a machine
gun parachuted to earth simultane-
ously with It's crew of three and all
went into action 20 seconds after
landing.
Adopted by Russia Is Sport.
The paratroop idea travelled a
devious route to the Nazi mind,
which first put 1t to lethal use. The
Russians took up parachuting as a
sport after a Russian army ofYicer
suggested it as a means of attracting
Soviet youth to flying. He got his
idea from watching an American
county fair crowd enthralled by the
jump Of q parachute sumter.
In 1895 the Russian Army in its
war games demonstrated before
foreign attaches q mock capture Of
an airport by q brigade Of $500 para
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-07-23
Five Shenandoah Plants
To Get Army-NoW E
9y the Associated Press,

~ the Associated Press.
LURAY, Va. July 23.-Govs. OAR
den Of Virginia and O'Conor Of
Maryland have accepted invitations
to take part in ceremonies here Sep
TENDER 10 when the Army-Navy e
will be awarded to five Shenandoah
Valley plants of the Casey Jones Co.
Other honor guests will include
Senator Byrd. Representative Rob-
ertson and State Senator Aubrey G.
Weaver. Mr.. Robertson will preside.
Other plants in the group are 10
Gated at Huntington, w. Va, and at
Shenandoah, Elkton, Mount jackson
and woodstock in Virginia. One
plant Is In Baltimore. The plants
make work clothes for the Navy.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-07-23
Line Asks $5,612,145
Of U. S. for Ship Losses
BY the Associated Press

80 eAAs AA"cOSiooSu EIcSS.
MOBILE, Ala, July 23.-Water-
man Steamship Corp. claims
against the Government for alleged
loss Of ships under lease to the War
Shipping Administration today
totaled s5,612,146.12 following filing
of two new actions in Federal Court
here.
The newest actions ask s7s7 1863 %
for the Yaka, merchant ship which
the petition listed as leased to the
VISA March l, 1912, and sunk May
Is, 1912, and 1916, 1913 for the West
Madaket, listed as leased February
II, 1912, and sunk last May 5.
The steamship line previously
filed claims for four other mer-
chantmen described as lost through
enemy action while under lease to
the Government.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-07-23
Ramirez Spokesman
Denies Argentina Is
Leaning 10 Fascism
By ALLEN HADEN,

(Foreign Correspondent of The Star and
the Chicago Daily NewsD
BUENOS AIRES, July 23.-The
government of Gen. Pedro p.
Ramirez, new President of Ar
gentina, is not Fascist, nor does
it intend to set up a Fascist type
of government, a high govern
ment official spokesman told
American press correspondents
here today.
What has been interpreted as a
Fascist trend in the actions of the
government by some American
newspapermen and editors, is, in
reality, merely the control neces-
sary' to achieve the long needed
administrative cleanup in Argen-
tina.
The American correspondents were
called together especially to receive
the statement.
Needed to Reform Press.
In justification of the present
tight control over the press here,
the spokesman stated that the
liberty of the press" in Argentina
had often degenerated into license"
and that a return to "decency" is
required.
- He described the present press
control as moderating function,
especially in the field of interna-
tional relations, in view of Argen-
tina's present neutrality in the war.
However, he averred, constructive
criticism Is welcome
Government officials have been in
creasingly disturbed by press dis
patches from points outside Argen-
tina and comments of columnists in
the United States describing their
government as Fascist. The spokes-
man denied any favoring of the pro-
Nazi newspaper Ell Pampero and Ca
bildo. He held out the hope that
within an indeterminate period
domestic press control would be
lifted.
Americans Express Views.
The American correspondents, IN
turn, assured the spokesman that
no single action of the Ramirez gov
eminent would so effectively Gull
the favorable opinion of the United
States and demonstrate the Gov
ernment's non-Fascist inclination as
lifting press control entirely.
The spokesman assured the cor
respondents of a sympathetic re-
eeption by the presidency's Office
of press propaganda. While the
personal goodwill Of this division
and its head, 1t. Col Hector Lad
vocat, toward American correspond
ents is evident, it was recalled that
the iron control over the press in
Brazil. by the Division of Press and
Propaganda, grew in the same way
and depends directly today on the
presidency.
tcopyright, 1913 Chicago Daily News, 1ne)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-07-23
Gen. Roosevelt Receives
French Croix de Guerre
BY the Associated Press

BS lIlt HSsUtIdIPO FTeSS.
ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN
NORTH AFRICA, July 23.-Maj.
Gen. Terry Allen, commander of
the Fighting LIST" Division of
United States Infantry; his deputy
commander, Brig. Gen. Theodore
Roosevelt, and his aide, Maj. Ken
meth Downs, former war correspond
ent, have received the French Croix
de Guerre from Gen. Louis Koeltz
Of the French 10Th Corps, 1t was
announced today.
The LIST Division, now fighting in
Sicily, participated in numerous en-
gagements at the side of Koeltz's
French troops in Tunisia.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-07-23
BY the Associated Press.

by CIlp ASSOCIaCtU PreSS.
NEW YORK, July GA field of
nine, headed by William Wood
wards two-horse entry of Apache
and Trierarch, was named today to
start in tomorrow's $4,000 added
Yonkers Handicap, closing day fea-
ture of the Empire City Association
meeting at the Jamaica track.
Apache, who won the six-furlong
Fleetwing over the same track last
Saturday after running second to
Louis B. Mayors Thumbs Up in the
rich Butler Handicap the week be-
fore, likely will go to the post as
favorite in the mile-and-one-s
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-07-23
Broken Gosket Causes
Neiqhborhood to Louoh
BY the Associated Press.

~ tlfc AoSOIlHVeu Pre86.
VERNON, Cahf.-Twas no laugh
ing matter when a gasket blew out
IN a chamber at the Pittsberg Chem
ical Co.
Residents for blocks around cried
copiously until the bromine, q lach-
rymal gas released by the Accident,
was dissipated.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-07-23
Us Enemy Aircraft
Shot Down in Sicily
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN
NORTH AFRICA, July 23.-Allied
air forces shot down ITS enemy air
craft during the first week of the
invasion of Sicily and dropped near
ly 100000 pounds of bombs on the
islands targets, air force tabula-
tons showed today
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-07-23
Munson Suit Dismissed

BALTIMORE, July % (R.-Fed-
eral Judge w. Calvin Chestnut dis
missed today a suit brought by the
Wall and Beaver Street Corp. of
New York to obtain a complete
liquidation of the Munson Line, Inc,
of Maryland.
Evening star., 1943-09-12
WANNA BUY a BOMB?
Tanks, machine guns.
shells: Get them for
our men with Bonds

xIOU saw the PC
i Boat and the
depth bombs ON our
cover. You saw how
one of those TINT
loaded ashcans can
Evening star., 1943-09-12

Make things iasf-the password of
the wise homemaker-applies def
nitely to your beauty soap. You'll
get longer use from Sweetheart
Soap because it is OVAL in shape
,oanded top and bottom. I'm
like many soaps that lie fiat, only
a very small part touches the wet
soap dish. Thus air dries it fast
doesn't leave the cake part soap,
Evening star., 1943-09-12
kkX1 1
Il buv Z,
= WAR h
!, BONDS *
fk"xN-xl


blow an Axis sub to hell. 1t looks won
derful, makes you feel good all over
that these are the weapons and the
boys that have helped win the battle
of shipping for us. But remember -
you're in there pitching, too. You
can't buy new car - but you can
buy depth bomb. And that's only
one of the many Victory weapons
you can buy with War Bonds.
The weapons that will win this
war for us are expensive things. But
every time you buy War Bond
or a War Stamp you're helping to
pay for one of them. A depth bomb
costs 500. So you plunk down that
much and whenever you hear about
another Axis sub on its way to the
bottom, you can pat yourself on the
back and say, Maybe that's the
ashcan with my name on it.
You Can Get This
we FIGURE that you have right to
know what your War Bond dollars
are buying. Here are the costs of
your best-buy purchases:
Flying Fortress - four engines,
excellent for trips over the Ruhr
Valley: 100000.
PC-Bout - fast, quick-tuning,
guaranteed to keep Axis sub-sailors
awake at night: ST, $500
Machine-gun - water-cooled,
80 pounds, fires 500 rounds min
ute; good buy at $500.
Bomb b-2, 900 pound block-bust-
er, a weight on Nazi minds. $500.
Tank - medium, streamlined,
all-cast body. This is what made
Rommel run: $4,000.
Torpedo skillfully shaped for
speed and accuracy: $4,000.
Rifle Garand, carried by every
CT, splendid for daily use: $50.
Antiaircraft gun - 37-mm, fast
manual operation: $12.325. Shells
to fit: $3.25, each.
The need for those dollars never
stops. For example: once minute
battleship can fire its nine 16-inch
guns. Cost of each volley: $l3, 500.
That's why every dime you can
spare should be showed across the
counter of War Savings window.
Even if it's only dime, it's impor-
tant. One 1O-cent War Stamp will
buy a message capsule for carrier
pigeon. Three of them will feed
pigeon for a month - and one
pigeon can save, and has saved. doz-
ems of lives. Remember this:
You can buy two things when you
buy War Bonds - Victory and a
cash investment for your own future.
lrnnu MaeoN
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1943-02-19

lie says labor here had better learn
chat lesson. lest we have no homes
or victory here.
He said. Il know what you are
all thinking: viii we have bombs
here?' We'll there are two courses.
II We do. One Is 10 he prepared
the other Is 10 be sorry They are
The two extremes. But We are
prepared. In our state we have
100000 loyal civilians who have
volunteered their services ian civil
ian defense. We have 10000 plane
spoilers and they are doing -
hour duty even through the upper
peninsula OF Michigan. We are
alert
Condemns Pacifism
Then he warned the members
and guests. among whom were
many civic leaders. public officials
and members OF the Civilian De-
Tense: The enemy is not ye;
licked. And there Is confusion
yes. in our state capitals and in
Washington. Confusion because Of
our peacetime philosophy. We
must roll up our sleeves and 90 90
work. We must realize this il