davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-05-02
BY MAI. GEORGE FIELDING
ELIOT,


The Pacific is a huge ocean and
all operations of war within it are
unusually constrained by the fac
tors of time and distance.
Hence, even when so distinguished
an officer as Maj. Gen. Willis n.
Hale, commanding general of the
Seventh Air Force, tells us that
present operations are4fa prelude
to American offensive action in a
big central area of the Pacific" we
must view his prediction against the
vast background of that theater of
war.
We should realize that prepara-
tlons for an offensive in the Pacific
may cover very great length of
time indeed, and that long periods
may elapse between the various
preparatory moves themselves, and
also between the period of prep
aratlon and the main attack.
Central Pacific Activity.
With all this in mind, it is never
theless interesting to note how
activity in the Central Pacific has
gradually increased. There was the
successful American raid on Wake
Island in December, followed some
what later by a Japanese raid
probably more of reconnaissance
than anything else-on Canton Is
land, and an almost simultaneous
American bombing attack on Nauru.
Then last week came another
American raid on Nauru, followed
by a moonlight raid on Tarawa in
the Gilbert Archipelago, and the
announcement that American forces
had for some time been in occupa-
ton of the island of Funafuti in the
Ellice Islands.
The principal japanese strong
holds in this Central Pacific area
are in the Marshall islands and the
Eastern Carolines, to which Nauru
and Tarawa form strategic outposts
OF the southeast. If you will take o
map Of the Pacific, it is easy to note
how the American positions are
gradually coming closer to these
Japanese strongholds and envelop-
ing them in great semicircle, be-
ginning at Guadalcanal and extend
ing through the Santa Cruz islands,
Funafuti, Howland island and john
ston island, to Midway.
On the northern arm of this semi
circle, the distances between Amer
ican and Japanese outposts are
1000 miles or more; on the south
eastern arm these distances narrow
to approximately 500 miles.
Jap Bases Are Distractions.
AS long as the Japanese hold the
Marshalls and the Eastern Carolines,
they obstruct the direct approach
from our main Pacific base at Pearl
Harbor to the main japanese Pa
cif1c base at Truk. These japanese
islands and the Japanese bases at
Rabaul and In the Western Sol
onions are mutually supporting, and
Evening star., 1943-05-02
REWARD.

Black address book, containing personal
papers and sugar ration book. issued to
james NJ Kane, 90 Lime st.. Boston, Mass.
Telephone M. Kane. AT. 1929.
Evening star., 1943-05-02

in weeks. Some had minor charges
against them.
Give Men Leave.
Tell them all they get leave"
said the ensign to his chief petty
omcer-'regardless."
Hell" he continued, nobody
could be mean enough to hold up
mans leave, no matter what he
has done, after trip like this"
The majority of his men were
high school boys year ago. Now.
black-bearded and weather beaten,
they look like veteran sailors.
At the port the Navy liason Office
sends men aboard the ship as soon
as it docks to examine the armed
guard, inspect the condition of the
guns, and make provisions for the
leave of the men and the hospital
care of any who may be sick. But
for the most part they are healthy
lot.
No merchantmen is allowed to
start its return voyage before its
guns and armed guard quarters are
put in as good condition as is hu-
manly possible through the cooper
alton of the British "DEMS," or
"Defensively Equipped Mercantile
Ships" service. At this particular
port, where hardly a day passes
without the arrival of several Ameri-
can ships, it is worthy of note that
up to date only one court martial
of an armed guard has been con-
sidered necessary. They are picked
lot of men in the first place and 20
through an intensive training at the
armed guard station at Little Creek,
Va.
Ice a Foot Thick.
This particular slow, old "Hog
Islander got into trouble first when
it ran into snow storm and
couldn't keep up with its CONVOY
Ice covered the decks foot thick.
Its cargo shifted so that the mag
netic compass, adjusted to the
loading Of metallic parts, was
thrown out so badly that it was
worthless.
There was no way to adjust it.
There were no stars by which bear
lngs could be taken. 1t tossed about,
hopelessly lost, New Year ave and
the next three days and nights.
When the storm broke it found
that 1t had come within a few miles
OF a northern port on the other
side OF the Atlantic wheres it put
in for repairs and to await another
convoy. This took a month. Then
it put to sea again, but night after
night, tugging doggedly along, it
would lose its convoy and find itself
sailing along with three or four
other ships.
These would barely be able to
get back to the convoy by mid-after-
noon, just in time for the dreaded
dusk and to become lost again with
the coming of full darkness.
Finally it came alone into an East
ern Atlantic port, where weeks were
required to put it into sufficiently
sea-Worthy condition to make this
port, its destination.
But says he ensign, as if that
were all that n, altered, there were
no torpedoings and we never even
saw a sub"
Evening star., 1943-05-02
Hungarian Forces
Return 10 Budapest
From Soviet Front
I'd Army Under Jony
Numbers About 100, 900.
Premier Indicates

By the Associated Press.
The I'd Hungarian Army and its
commander, Col. Gen. Gustav Jany,
arrived in Budapest yesterday from
the Russian front at time when
Adolf Hitler has been demanding
even more war aid from his Balkan
partners.
A Budapest domestic broadcast re-
ported by the Federal Communica-
tions Commission said Gen. Jany
declared on his return that his
troops had served as "the rear guard
of the rear guards" for the Germans
during the winter retreat in Russia
An indication of the number of
Hungarians being withdrawn from
Russia also was given by Premier
Nicholas Kallay who, in greeting
the general and his troops, promised
that the welfare of the returning
army of some 100000" would have
first claim on the government
because the soldiers had been
through hell"
Stockholm reports last month had
quoted usually reliable quarters as
saying that Hungary intended to
withdraw 100000 troops from the
eastern front, including the I'd
Army and 10000 survivors of the
battle of Voronezh where Jany said
his troops, despite "unfavorable
weather and superior numbers"
of Russians, had secured the re-
treat of the German forces"
The Budapest radio did not say
why the Hungarians were returning
home, and Jany was said to have
given this message to Hungary
Everybody should prepare sternly.
The war is not yet over"
Hungary has been reported weary
OF the war, and also fearful of
neighboring Rumania's territorial
ambitions. In the Russian winter
drive Hungary's troops, as we'll as
those Of other Axis satellite nations,
suffered heavily.
Evening star., 1943-05-02
American Ships Fight
Angry Seas 70 Garry
War Goods 10 Britain
One Vessel Makes Port
After Four Months of
BottIine Heavy Odds
By THOMAS r. HENRY,

Star Stau correspondent.
A BRITISH PORT, April 6 By
MaiD An American merchantman
docked here this afternoon after a
four month crossing of the Atlantic
tossed about by gales in some of
the severest storms on record, lost
for three days in a binding snow
storm in the general neighborhood
of sinister Torpedo Junction" part
of her deck cargo washed overheard,
docked weeks at time for necessary
repairs.
Time after time the old cargo
carrier Of the days of the last war
lost her convoy and bucked the
gales alone or with one or two COM
panions. But always she was able
either to find her own place again
or fall in with some other convoy
and she kept doggedly on. To-
day she is unloading her cargo of
essential war materials.
Really an uneventful voyage, I'm
afraid" says the ensign in command
of the Navy's armed guard on this
craft, a former Arizona school
teacher on his first trip.
Story Is Typical.
But his story, say United States
Navy port liason officers here, is
rather typical, except for the flying
Dutchman" record, of those told by
armed guard officers who come to
this port almost daily. These men,
who man the Navy-installed guns
of the merchantmen, are having
some of the most thrilling expert
ences of the war on the high seas.
Starless night after starless night,
blinking blizzards lashing their guE
turrets, their faces cut by ice and
snow, these men have kept their
lonely watches in what all describe
as the worst winter on the North
Atlantic within the memory of the
Oldest mariners Now the weather
is clearing rapidly But for most of
the winter it has been hard to keep
conveys, made up of great diversi-
ties of ships, together and this has
added greatly to the peril of sub
marines.
But ship after ship has come
through after epic battles, most of
its cargo intact.
Here the sailors of the armed
guard, largely unsung heroes of this
war, were able to get their first leave
Evening star., 1943-05-02

GERMAN SHEPHERD. male. tan body,
brown saddle. wart on front les. Hobart
0s04. Apt. 2l3. A.
HOUND, female, white, dark brown mark
lngs, loves children. No reward accepted.
Evening star., 1943-05-02
LIBERAL REWARD.
FOUND.

5-skin fur neckpiece on Ga.-Alaska
about Z pm. Friday. Shepherd 1925;
Evening star., 1943-05-02
THE SUNDAY STAR, WASHINGTON, D. G., MAY q 1913

AMERICAN BOMBERS BLAST NAURU ISI.AND-Nauru Island
which the the August
constructed aield there guard the approaches
Truk blasted by American bombers April
the longest aerial mission bIows
from the important phosphate works and the aeld
American bomber wings the little coral atol.
"A. P. Wirephoto from 7th Air Force
Evening star., 1943-05-02
Stains Speech Stirs
Russian Optimism

By the Associated Press.
MOSCOW, May IA new spirit
OF optimism swept over Russia to-
day in response to Premier Stains
order of the day in which he mani
Evening star., 1943-05-02
Carpets Are Cornered

Dealers in Iran are buying carpets
from the makers and storing them
in the expectation of . postwar
world demand.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1943-10-23
STARS and STRIPES
GEO. FUZZY" MoUzoN

With homes the world over being saddened BY the
departure Of loved has been constant desire Of
mine to do column about the achievements and ad
vancements OF your loved and my friends who hail
from greater Boston and its suburbs All of the daily
papers the country have assigned special writers for
such features and the BOSTON GUARDIAN is proud to
be the first New England Weekly to give it's readers
column Of such nature.
You readers too, must help US in that you are the
who really get the good stories and facts about your
fighting and relying upon you to get such to
For all Boston is interested and proud of what any
OF our boys are accomplishing. Please do not fail to
send US all your about your sons, husbands and
loved The address Stars and Stripes The Bos-
ton Guardian, 977 fremont St, Boston, Mass.
Young Line Kinds is now stationed at Fort Riley in
Kansas and looking forward to Xmas. when he viii be
home furlough Victor Bynoe, former executive of
the Lenox Housing project has done again in that he
set something of record in advancement. From PHI
vate to Sergeant in three days and are all proud
him.
With the induction of Henry Chinn, who is now sta.
toned at Jefferson Barracks, Miss. it makes it full
house for Mrs. Margaret Chim Of Arnold St., who nov
has four boys in the service, Belmar Sgt. Russell
specialist, and Gilbert Merchant Seaman.
Kenneth Terry is Army Captain and stationed
in Fla. Dean Earl has been commended for his fine
work IN keeping up the morale of the boys stationed at
Chenanute Field. in Ill.,
Jimmie Cooke of Cambridge, swelled the numbers Of
the Merchant Marines by joining short while back
Two Cambridge youths recently completed their pre-
flight training TAAF and have been assigned 70 me
66th A. A F Flying Training Detachment Tuskegee.
They Aviation Cadets Paul l. Moody Guardian news
boy of Mr.. and Mrs. Oliver N. Moody. 1877 Fayer-
weather ST., and Earl L. Sullivan, 81 Green ST.
Aviation Cadet VIM. R. Lewis has been assigned to
advanced fight class after having completed his basic
flight training at TAAF. He is the of Mr.. and Mrs.
H. ]. Murray, rs Harold ST.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1943-10-23
UNCONDITIONAL SURRENDER"

International politics viii be by many persons as
having reached high level Of hypocrisy last week when
Italy declared Germany and was accorded the
startling status Of @ay" Of the United Nations. Mar
shall Pietro Badoglio, who directed the bombing and
posongas slaughter Of defenseess Ethopans and later
helped to fight against the United Nations is honor
ably referred to Premier Peo Badogo leader Of the
Free Italian" governmnt under the protecting wing of
the Allied Powers Already Badoglio dckering to get
back Italian colonies in Africa reward for deserving
Hitler"
The claim that Italy deserted the Axis viii be re-
iected by American troops now serving in Italy. To
them the plain simple truth that Italy blasted out
Of the AS conquered country she have no
privileges than Germany has to demand that the
Allies give her any part Of the fruits Of victory Nor
have Badoglo and all the other fascist chieftans
right to pose italian berators than MussoIin
and Hitler had The delve into this curious
twist Of affairs the inclined to suspect that
powerful Allied influences ready to have truck with
the fascist elements Of warning Europe It also becomes
clearer why the liberal Undersecretary of State Sumner
Welles resigned in disgust
The obvious inference is that the gangster nations
may do they please and just punishment Italy
before belonged to the Axis In the First World
War she stood aoof until she which side was win
ning-and then joined the Allies. She twice stabbed
back raped Ethiopia and Albania and Greece and even
before the Axis is completely defeated she sits at the
table Of honor The Unconditional Surrender" that
roaring from Africa out to be as gentle
dove.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1943-10-23
OUR HAITIAN FRIENDS

In his address before the United States Senate Pres
dent Ellie Lescot Of the Haitian Republic referred briefly
but not without justfabe pride to the part which his
country played IN Americas struggle for independence
He said ons Of those who took part in the expedition to
Georgia in the siege Of Savannah leading to the surren
der Of Yorktown, have answered present at the roll call
made necessary by the Infamous attack Of Pearl Harbor
and at your side today, yesterday fore
fathers were.
Never be indifferent to whatever concerns
the United States of America pact of friendship hav
ing been signed with the blood of ancestors shed
the same field Of battle"
The siege Of Savannah in 1879 receives scant men,
ton in ordinary text books was in assault Saw
annah that the Polish patriot and military officer Count
Pulaski MORALLY wounded. The colonial troops suf-
fered disastrous reverse and were saved from annhla-
ton by legion of Hatans who covered the rear Of
routed Americans. The Haitians learned much about
freedom and independence by their experiences in our
Revolutionary War; Fired with the spirit of liberty
Haiti became the second country of the Western Hems-
phere to throw off foreign yoke and achieve ndepend-
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1943-10-23
WHY'S Mixed Army, Navy. FrOwned Upon,
tcOntinusd from Page one

Continued from Page One)
nations philosophy Of ideas
and revolutionize the worlds
greatest armies. During that
same time our leaders at
Washington made no efforts
toward the comparabIy easy
task Of mixing white and col
ored units in the Armed Forces
Of the U. S. even in the north.
The concensus Of veteran
opinion is that We had the
time if We had put our minds
to the task. Every 20 years We
find the task undone. We find
the some excuse about lack Of
time for changing. It will be
the same in 1852 unless colored
and white leaders get together
now.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1943-10-23

ica's First Army must not be
underestimate By the stu
dent. History reevals that out
Of the American Colonial day
population Of three million
persons. only a total Of some
10000 patriots took up arms
throughout the colonies, max
ing the colored component
roughly one fourth Of the TO-
tai Many Of the early colored
colonials acted as bodyguards
for thsih ex-masters who
promised them freedom after
the war Of IT'S. Hundreds o.
others fought as free-men.
Like many Of wasfington's
best troops Of the period, the
equipment and fighting facili-
ties were not always Of he
best. But it was equal
The Navy too-before it was
dominated by the south. had
colored sailors on an equal
basis with the majority of
white. This was true in IT'S
and strikingly true in 1912 IN
der Navy Commodores Perry
and Chauncey. In the Spanish
American War, a colored gun
ner, John C. Jordan. fired the
first shot from Commodore
Dewey's U S feet flagship, the
Olympia, at Manila in 1893.
Not since the spanish-Ameri-
can war have colored sea-men
enjoyed the equalities in var
that used TO be theirs in the
past. Today's naval heroes are
not such BECAUSE Of their
opportunities but rather IN
SPITE Of their lack Of oppor-
tunities. All of our naval he
roes in this war were mess
meuIl
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1943-10-23
BETTER HOUSING

The National Association of Real Estate Boards is in
dther over the recent exposure by the Coored press
an agreement among powerful white agencies which
keeps coored people restricted to inferior housing
brands them with undesirable" classification Of the
same rank as booteggers and gangsers and prostitutes
Certain members of the NAREB hasten forward with all
sorts of dena and for the printed and practced
insults. The against the nationwide advocates of
Hitler housing for colored residents is Overwhelmingly
proved The issue has slumbered long time but is
easily of the most important issues raised by the Am
erican colored group this year any other year. 1t
should not be dropped for any but fought to
complete united victory.
Will New Englands real estate men and political and
civic leaders head the fight for better From this area
where many Liberty Ships have been launched to
preserve our democracy, let's launch good ship
christened Better Housing"
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1943-10-23
Making Some Roadway

Secretary stimson's views
that We are making some head
way in the campaign for nil
itary equalities are Of course
true. But these gains are not
what they should be consider
ing the number Of years We
have wasted through neglect
Of curing existing evils. The
dependence on the judgment
Of certain southern comman-
ders with race prejudice to set
tie problems" arising from
the Jim crow system is wrong
whether exercised in Jackson,
Mississippi, or London, Eng
land. This is a subject requir-
ing the most careful study and
Judgment. 1t is not a matter
Of weighing out 50 many
pounds Of beef or issuing SO
many pairs Of shoes. This is
a problem affecting more than
500, 900 colored men in the
Army and what IS estimated
viii be at least half million
colored men in the U S Navy.
Sometimes we think the status
of colored men is not weighed
out in its true values. To some
it is a boresome subject To BE-
gin with, to others it is 2 sub
ject to be suppressed, and with
far too many people it IS
merely a subject to be tolerat-
ed, and the less the better. It
is this attitude plus the read
mess to over-emphasize a few
gains made by q few indiyid-
uals that has hindered a great
deal Of our advancement in
the Armed Forces. The logical
solution is round-table meet
ing Of coolred and white
leaders, a just distribution Of
euqal rights and a strong stand
adopted to make race preiu-
dice a punishable crime in the
U S Armed Forces. Whether CT
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1943-10-23
Haiti President.
Continued rom Page Onsl

Continued from Page OHs)
and was educated at Cap
Haitien. His long and dis
tinguished public career began
at the age of u when he was
elected to the National Assem-
bly,. After three years he vas
successfully CommiSsaire IN
the Court Of First Instance 81
Port-au- Prince, Judge Of the
same court. Examining Magis-
trats and Conmissaire in the
Court Of Cessation. Next ne
was appointed to President
Borno's- cabinet. Under PreA-
dent Vincent the rank o.
Grand Officer de I'odre Hon
neur ct Merite and later the
Grand Cross of the same Or
der we're bestowed upon him.
He also served as Minister 70
the Dominican Republic.
In 1885. NJ Lescot attended
the Inter-American Conferences
for the Maintenance Of Peace
at Bunos Aires. He was elected
President of Haiti on April ID
1941.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1943-10-23
Mass. Had Mixed Armies

Congressional records reput-
eddy reveal that at least 5000
coIored men. not counting the
mulattoes, served in the Col
onial Armies under Gen George
Washington and were mixed
with white soldiers. Other col
cred troops served under 9TH
er generals. Rhode Island had
a famous colored regiment
under Colonel Green that rout-
ed the crack German Hessian
regiments which unsucceSsfuiIy
attempted TO conquer the
East. In Massachusetts, there
were no colored regiments ard
men like Peter Salem Of Franz
ingham, Mass, fought right
along with the white coIonials
at Bunker Hill where Salem is
credited with unusual valor in
shooting the enemy Major Pit
earn. Even in Washington's
time, an all-colored brigade or
division was unheard Of and
whateevr coIored units existed
at that time were bracketed
with the whites. It was the
Civil War that changed con-
ditions, due to southern infu-
ence. It is southern influence
that is still maintaining army
jim crow after 78 years.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1943-10-23
Aftucks Paced Democracy

Colored students 0! the mil
itary question are Of course
not given the full text Of race
participation In cur army and
navy. One Of the primary facts
is that in the beginning Il
cur Republic, the armed forces
were mixed. In the Rover
compiled history Of coIored
patriots, some Of which has
been published in Hub news
papers, I made the seemingly
bold assertion years ago that
Crispus Attacks led the first
Massachusetts, militia-an IN
organized patriotic group, f.
nous in the Boston Massacre,
On March 5, ITO. This was q
mixed aggregation referred to
in history as a motley rabble"
and was IN the days before any
colonial army existed in this
country. The regulation CONT
mental armies under Washing
ton, the Boston Tea Party, the
battles Of Lexington and Con-
cord and the Declaration Of
independence all happened
YEARS AFTER the opening
fight for liberty launched by
colored and white patriots in
Boston, Mass. wonder if Ger
tain Senators know about it.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1943-10-23

A MODERN DoRCAs
By Blanche Bsaylark-Pa PAXTON
I'm honor OF Marguerite Toy
B7iIevb

By Blanche BsayIark- Payton
In honor OF Marguerite Toy
Bailey
II IS or great pleasure
This tribute to pay
To Marguerite Toy Bailey
On her natal day.
We read in the Bible
OF Dorcas Of old.
A good woman beloved
With 2 heart Of gold.
Tonight We pay homage
To one we love well.
4 Dorcas Ct today
AS her life viii tell.
This sister Of mercy
TraTersed Ger the land
Seeking here and there
To lend Z hand.
Was some one in need?
Or was some one distressed?
Was some che burdened
Or so-ely oppressed?
Just let Marguerite know
OE . y,7Sv--7fv--r -..-
And she would make haste
With her bundle OF cheer.
Marguerite Toy Bailey.
Dorcas OF today,
Has cheered Oh 50 many
Along LIES grim way.
Bread cast On waters,
God says, shall return"
And His Word is true.
As tonight af1rms.
Yea, blessings shall fall
Like showers Of rain
If We give cen z cup
Through love, in His name.
May God continue 10 bless
And keep her in health. ;
May He give her His Spirit,
Bearer. yea, than great
wealth.
May He give her His peace,
Let it abide within
Best Of al, may He bring her,
Sealed. unto Him.