davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-08-15
THE GOSPEL AS GOOD NEWS
By the Reu Theodore o. Wedel Phi d.
Canon Washington Cathedal OF Preachers,

A newspaper reporter tells the follow
ing story of a night journey from
Munich to Zurich just before the out
break of the present war:
The compartment was full-most Of
the travellers evidently escaping from
Nazi rule. The reporter noticed par
ticularly a refined young woman with
suffering written on her face She had
to endure indignitieS at the border, but
when, after a long delay, the train once
more headed toward Zurich, she was
again in the compartment. The group
had spoken little or nothing. Dawn
finally came, the sun rising over the
Swiss mountains. The young woman
went to the train window, and, with a
thrilling voice, recited the Twenty
seventh Psalm:
tion whom then shall 1 fear? The
Lord is the strength of my life; of whom
shall I be afraid?
When the wicked, even mine enemies
and my foes came upon me to eat up my
flesh. they stumbled and fell.
Though an host of men were laid
against me, yet shall not my heart be
afraid; and though there rose up war
against me, yet will put my trust in
Him
For in the time of trouble He shall
hide me In his tabernacle; yea, in a
secret place of dwelling shall he hide
me, and set me up upon rock of stone. p"
No one can read this brief story with
out lump rising In his throat. Why?
A few verses from a hymn thousands of
years old, quoted in modern setting,
yet we thrill to 1t as we do to the climax
of great symphony. It touches the
universal longing of the heart of man
the immemorial, tragic, inescapable hun
ger for God. How easy 1t seems to get
Evening star., 1943-08-15
rights arose between the union men,

rights arose between the union men,
bers In the two plants, however, and
was referred to the unions inter
national board for settlement. The
boards ruling was not pleasing to
one group of the members and they
resisted it, with the result that severe
disciplinary measures were taken.
The aggrieved employees left the AFL
to join the CIO, and the latter asked
the board to set the closed shop
clause aside after one year.
This the labor board has agreed
to do, holding that a closed shop
contract for the duration of the war
covers an unreasonably long period
Of time
I'VE concede the desirability," the
board said, 'of encouraging local
union officers and members to accept
the arbitration machinery of their
lnternatlonals, but we think it is
clear that the function of this board
is to ascertain the desires of the
employees with respect to their COL
lective bargaining representative, not
to pass judgment on the reasonable
ness or wisdom of such desires. The
board has never inquired into the
motives of employees who secede from
one union and join another. Their
reasons may be foolish or unjust, but
such factors are not within the con-
temptation Of statute which makes
the sole test Of bona fide bargaining
agents status depend upon whether
or not a majority of the employees
wish it to represent them"
There is much to support this view,
for it can hardly be doubted that
closed shop agreements which in fact
run for an unreasonable length of
time may become instruments of
oppression. But it should also be
recognized that rulings such as this
one tend to discourage any attempt
at union self-discipline and invite
raiding by rival groups Possibly
remedy lies in statutory definition
of what constitutes a reasonable
length of time in which a closed shop
agreement may remain in force.
Evening star., 1943-08-15
Mr.. WiIIkie Speaks

Wendell L. Willkie delivered an ar
resting speech tS a small group of
Republicans last week from his home
porch in Rushville, Indiana. Mr..
Willkie does not agree with the Oft
expressed opinion that the Roosevelt
administration will be, or need be,
retained in office because of the war.
Indeed it was Mr.. WILKES conten
ton that the Republican party not
only could win the national elections
next year, but that it must win. For
the successful conclusion of the war,
for the rehabilitation of the country
after the war and for an enlightened
conduct of foreign policy the coun-
try, in the opinion of Mr.. Willkie, will
turn to the party of which he is the
titular head.
Certain 1t is, as Mr.. Willkie said,
that no party was ever presented
with such an exciting challenge as
is offered to the Republican party
today, nor with such an opportu-
nifty" The tremendous scope of the
job, not only of finally prosecuting
the war to successful conclusion,
but of bringing this country back to
reasonable and just conduct of
civilian affairs, is challenge to
the best in America-Republican or
Democratic. The New Deal party of
Mr.. Roosevelt has had more than ten
years in control of government.
Gains have been made along social
lines-gains that will not be relin-
quished. But the finances of the
country-long before this Nation be-
came involved in the war-had been
put disastrously on the wrong side
of the ledger.
Mr.. Willkie warned his party that
it must come forward with liberal,
constructive program, and that it
must not rely merely upon the dis
satisfaction of the people with the
present administration for victory at
the polls next year. While Mr.. Will
kie has not announced formally his
candidacy for the Republican presi-
Dental nomination next year, no one
has the slightest doubt he will bid
for denomination. For almost a
month he has been at his home in
Indiana, talking over the coming
campaign. Many of his supporters
from other States have visited him.
For much that he has done Mr.
Willkie deserves commendation. This
country is not going backward-ever
Nor will it again place itself in the
position where it's influence In for
eign affairs is negative The present
war is the second devastating lesson
for Americans that they cannot live
aloof from the rest of the world.
Mr.. Willkie is a crusader. He is
also candidate for the presidential
nomination. He finds himself in
conflict with some of the elements
in his own party. How far Mr. Will
kie can go in the dictation of plat
forms and policies remains to be
seen. In the end he may have to
accept ideas OF others, or else bring
about a split In the party.
Evening star., 1943-08-15
Union Discipline

Although there has been a great
deal Of talk about the desirability
Of fostering self discipline among
unions, there seems to be little i'm
mediate prospect Of substantially
achieving this goal. And one Of the
reasons is to be found in the factual
picture developed by the National
Labor Relations Board in one of its
recent decisions.
An AFL union had made contract
with Cincinnati, Ohio, firm. With
ether things, the contract provided
for a. closed shop which was to re-
main In effect for one year or the
duration of the war, whichever is
longer. The employer operated two
plants, both of which were covered
by the contract.
A dispute concerning seniority
Evening star., 1943-08-15
When Bets Are OFF
From the Ottawa journal.

Canadas S postwar air position is
highly strategic one We have the
shortest and best routes, the bases, the
pilots, the materials TO make planes.
That strategic position must not be
thrown away. AS part Of the war effort
We have sublet great deal of our north
country for the air use of the United
States. But we have stipulated that
when the war is over the premises must
be vacated, with all air bets off. In the
meantime, We should see to 1t that when
the bets are of We are ready for new
bets. Too late with too little can be az
bad In peace as It Is tn war.
Evening star., 1943-08-15

of the country has been experiencing for
the past six weeks has been very general
in its extent and the damage which it
has done has been considerable. During
the past few days there has been a
slight break in the drought, but this
has been irregular. The department
has received advices from the cotton belt
that there has been some relief there
from the long dry spell. but even this
has not been great. In Q word, 1t may
be said that the drought still continues"
Evening star., 1943-08-15

1t now begins to appear possible
that. if a fourth term comes along,
and the age for exercising the fran
chise is lowered, there will be a whole
crop OF American boy and girl voters
who will have no personal recollec-
ton OF a time when there was any
other President than F. D. r.
Evening star., 1943-08-15

German counterattacks. Whether
the German high command would
gamble it's strategic reserve to do this
remains to be seen.
Evening star., 1943-08-21

The sooner you get that War saw
ings stamp in your book the sooner
you will get victory in the bag.
Evening star., 1943-08-21
Memorial Services Set
For British Official

Memorial services for Sir Fred
erick Phillips, 50, permanent under
secretary of the British, Treasury
delegation at Washington. will be
held at pm. Monday at st. Johns
Church, Sixteenth and H streets
NV. Sir Frederick died a week
ago today in London.
Sir Frederick first came to Wash
ington in 1887 and was instrumental
in drawing up the tri-partite agree
ment for the stabilization OF the
currency. In 1910 he issued, in con-
junction with Secretary of the
Treasury Morgenthau, statement
reaftirming the principles of free
dom of trade laid down in the tri-
partite monetary agreement of 1896.
Evening star., 1943-08-21
Sicily
Continued From First Page

the railroad station and roadbeds at
Villa Literno just north of Naples.
Foggia, one of the four key COM
munications points of Italy, had
been given a terrific beating in the
heaviest Mediterranean air assault
two days ago, and now the same de-
structiVe attack was creeping north
ward to the other functions through
which the Germans must move men
and supplies in case of an all-out
Allied ground attack on the south
ern mainland
In the "Hells Triangle"-an area
pointed roughly oy Naples, the heel
and the toe - light bombers and
fighters kept all vulnerable points of
the railroads and highways under a
continual bombing and cannonading
picking out functions, bridges and
mountains where bombs might cause
avalanches.
These round the clock patrols
sighted few boats and little fighter
opposition. Two trains were bombed
near Locri, and rail and road juno
tions at Gioia Tauro, in the same
area as that bombarded by the war;
ships, were hit.
An italian communique said AL
lied warships and planes also shelled
! and bombed the mainland port oi
Evening star., 1943-08-21

Paola, IS miles northeast of Messina,
and inflicted heavy damage" in
the air raid on Benevento. Seventy
persons were listed as killed and 203
injured at BeneVento.
An Allied naval announcement
said that after capitulation of the
Aeolian prison islands, north of
Sicily, to an American naval expe-
dition last Tuesday it was found
that the islands had been used by
the Germans for military purposes. d"
All German military personnel
had departed few days before the
surrender, however.
Raj Beauflghters, in a sweep over
Western Greece two days ago, at
tackled a merchant vessel with can
non fire and left a three -engined
float plane smoking, a Middle East
air communique at Cairo said. One
plane was lost in the operations.
Evening star., 1943-08-21
Allies Deny Opposing
Soviet Contact With
French in AIgiers
BY the Associated Press.


ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN
NORTH AFRICA, Aug. 20 Delayed
Allied spokesmen said today that
representative of the Russian gov
ernment Is now en- route to Algiers
from Moscow via London to contact
the French Committee of National
Liberation.
In authoritative quarters 1t was
stated that if the envoys' arrival in
Algiers has been delayed, as charged
by the Russian labor magazine
War and the Working Glasses, it
is the result of opposition outside the
North African tf1eater of war.
War and the Working Glasses
said that the Russian envoy was
unable to 60 to Algiers because he
met objections from Anglo Amer
lean authorities for supposedly mill
tary reasons.
Allied quarters here said that be-
cause Russia has not yet recognized
the Liberation Committee, sig
week discussion Of the envoy's status
had taken place before arrange
ments for his. visit were completed.
There has been no opposition here
to the ENJOYS arrival on military or
any other grounds, it was stated,
and it was understood that Gen.
Dwight d. Eisenhower, Allied COM
mander in chief, had indorsed that
position when notified of the pro-
posed visit.
Two otner Soviet government rep
resentatives have been in North
Africa for some time in connection
with the status of Russian political
and military prisoners and other
matters Of interest to Moscow, but
they never attempted to contact the
French committee as oficial diplo-
matte ENJOYS, it was stated.
Evening star., 1943-08-21
Australian Returns
Indicate Gain for
Curtin S Laborites
BY the Associated Press.

oy bAe ASSOSlhlSo IIESSs
MELBOURNE, Australia, Aug. 81
"A pronounced trend toward the
Labor party Of Prime Minister John
Curtin was indicated late today ir
partial count Of votes cast by near.
ly $500 900 Australians in their first
general election in three years.
The voting was for all rs seats in
the House Of Representatives and
10 Of the SO Senate posts.
Preliminary returns from all parts
of the Commonwealth received at
midnight tonight-four hours after
the polls closed--indicated strong
possibility the Labor party would
gain from 8 to IA seats in the House
Of Representatives. The party pre-
viously had 36 of them.
In Australia, as in Britain, tht
leader of the largest party group In
the lower house customarily is askec
to form the government.
Mr.. Curtin announced the dissolu-
ton Of the House June Is after hi.
administration was upheld on vote
of confidence by only one vote.
Results Of the election may not be
known for 10 days. since ballotins
among the Commonwealth's 10000
soldiers will be held on all the
worlds battlefronts.
The Australian law requires al
citizens more than 81 to vote. Each
elector must record a vote for each
name on the ballot in order of pref
erence. BY a progressive process
candidates winning the fewest ,otes
are eliminated and their votes dis
tributed among candidates higher or
the list in order of the preference
indicated.
The campaign has been fought
with a bitterness unexceeded since
the World War, but there have been
few major or unexpected issues.
Evening star., 1943-08-21
Blond, 18, Is Crowned
Miss Washington

Eighteen-year-ol Dixie Rafter, a
blue-eyed blond employed in the
Federal Bureau OF Investigation,
this afternoon was selected as Miss
Washington" before crowd of $500
persons in front of the District
Building. She earned the right to
represent the Capital at the Miss
America" pageant in Atlantic City
next month.
Miss Rafter, who came to Wash
ington 10 months ago from Cum
berland, Md, was the unanimous
choice of the judges.
Runner-up was Rose Marie Schil-
Ter, l8 an employe of the Southern
Railway and native of Washing
ton. She, too, was blond and blue
eyed. Both girls sang and tap
danced.
Miss Rafter, who lives at 104 Sew
enteenth street Sc. was chosen
from among eight finalists selected
over a period of several weeks in a
contest sponsored by radio station
WWDC.
Contestants were judged on their
talent, personality, face and figure.
The judges selections drew loud ap-
plause from the crowd.
A crown of white flowers was
placed on her head by Hugh Lynch,
executive manager of the District
|. War Finance Committee. Both the
winner and the runner-up were
given bouquets of roses.
Four of the flnalists in the local
contest were picked by ballot last
night at the Stage Door Canteen.
-Four others were named the night
before.
Selected last night were Jacqueline
Willoughby, 81. model, Of 5404
Broad Branch road NV: Miss
Bernadette Harney. 18, War Depart
ment, OF 20l5 o street NV, and
June Ellen Bright, 10, model, Of
28l6 Erie street Sc.
| Other flnalists were Miss Schiller,
Ruth Grether, l8, War Department,
Mclean, Va; Donna Courier, 18,
FBI, 3l9 Fifteenth street NE, and
Anzonetta Roark, 10. Agriculture
Department, 1888 E street NE.
Evening star., 1943-08-21

use against Russia the Nazis would
withdraw corresponding force from
the east to use in Southeastern
Europe. r.
The Paris radio, in broadcast re-
corded by the Associated Press i'll
London, said Col. Gen. Ludwig Won
Csata, Hungarian minister OF war,
had arrived at Hitlers headquarters
and that ASST Mitakov, Bulgarian
minister of justice, will leave Sofia
for Berlin tonight to conclude what
were described as judicial agree
ments" with the German govern
ment.
The German radio. in a broad
cast heard by the British Ministry of
Information, reported that the Bull
garian minister to Berlin had re-
turned to Sofia and was received In
audience by King Boris.
Evening star., 1943-08-21
Invasion
Continued From First Page,

former chief of Petain's cabinet
were arrested in Paris at the order
of Chief Of Government Pierre
Laval 20.
Those arrested were charged
with dangerous contacts with ele-
ments of powers considered as
enemies Of France" he said.
The Official motive of the ar
rests, the correspondent said, was
for black market operations
French masses" he continued
dream of the fourth republic and
Of tEdouardD Herriot now interned
in Vittel.'
Warships' Rout Reported.
The Berlin radio broadcast a
wholly unconflrmed report last night
that six British warships at 4
pm. this afternoon approached
Boulogne, France, and put up a
defense smoke screen" but were
driven of after a sharp exchange
with German shore and naval bat
teries" NBC recorded the broad
cast in New York.
This was the second similar broad
cast by Berlin in two days. The
London Ministry OF Information
Thursday recorded a broadcast say
ing that naval squadron Of small
one-funneled vessels" had neared
Boulogne at pm. Thursday. and
that German coastal guns had fired
at them.
Meanwhile, Northern Italy was
described as more chaotic than
ever" in a dispatch yesterday to the
Zurich newspaper Die Tat which
told of the arrival Of German rein
forcements as Italian Army guards
patrolled city streets to prevent ci-
william peace demonstrations.
Intensification Of military prepa
rations were reported at Como
where military government
reigned.
The newspaper added the italian
people were wondering what "nego-
tiations certainly in progress In
Rome" can accomplish toward peace
while the Germans were constantly
reinforcing their position in Italy"
Heavy Pressure on Hungary.
Reports reaching Turkey from the
Balkans said Germany was bringing
heavy pressure against Hungary fol
immediate help either on the east
ern front against Russia or ir
Southeastern Europe.
The German demand. the reports
said, was for eight Hungarian divi.
sions. II the help Is forthcoming 70,
Evening star., 1943-08-21
Allies Free SiciIians
From Fascist levies
And Restore Rights
By the Associated Press


ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN
NORTH AFRICA, Aug. 2l.-The Al
lied military government announced
today that important steps had
been taken to free Sicilians from
Fascist financial levies and to re-
store legal rights of which the
islanders had been deprived for
years.
AMGOT public safety officers are
maintaining law and order since
the power OF the notorious Ovra--
the pricipal agency of the Fascist
secret police-has been smashed.
In addition, the Allies have abol-
ished star chamber proceedings
which in the past sent thousands of
anti-Fasclst Italians to prison, and
fair court trials have been restored.
The machinery for freeing Sici-
lians from Fascist abuses has been
set up largely by 1t. Col. Charles
M. Spofford, 40-year- -old chief Of
staff OF the Allied military govern
ment and former New York attor-
ney, and Brig. Gen. Julius C.
Holmes, chief of the military gov
ernment section of Allied headquar-
ters.
After the Casablanca conference
Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower assigned
them the task of drafting a care
fully planned government for occu-
pied territory, and British 'ofilcers
added to the planning board made
further contributions from their
wide experience.
Since taking over in Sicily, the
military government has abolished
the syndical contributions" which
were sent to Rome to line the pock-
cts of Fascist officials or pay ex-
penses of the Fascist cooperative
systematic essence of Fascism on
the economic side.
Portions of the syndical contribu-
tions collected from agricultural
workers and used to finance social
security benefits for them will be
continued. The military government
is setting up new system whereby
such payments will be made by both
employers and agricultural workers
but none of the money is to 60 al
contributions" to any fascist bu-
reaucracy.
In a new proclamation. the mill
tary governor provides that no per
son shall be imprisoned by an,
Italian official unless duly charged
with a specified crime. and that n,
persons shall be detained in prison
without prompt trial.
This proclamation abrogated tn
power Of police and other Italia,
officials to fine or imprison Italian
people without trial-a power whicl
formed the backbone of Mussolini'
"law Of public safety"
Allied military courts grant tn
Sicilians legal rights they did no
formerly enjoy under Fascism evel
when entitled to court martial.
A defendant before the Allie
military court may have counsel an
counsel may have the court call wit
nesses he designates. Arresting of
flcers can be cross-examined by de
fendant's counsel.
A defendant may testify in hi
own defense If counsel so elects, bu
he cannot be forced to go on tn
witness stand if he does not choos
to do SO. Counsel for the defendan
is always entitled to apply for addi
tional time to prepare the defense.
Any persons convicted of crime b
the military government court ma
within 80 days after the sentenc
is imposed appeal for review of tn
evidence and ask the military gov
ernment to set the verdict aside.
Evening star., 1943-08-21
Women's Fall Hats
To Be Made Smaller

BY the Associated Press.
There will be 20 per cent more hats
for women this fall than last, the
War Production Board said today,
but they will be smaller and have
less trimming
AS result the use OF materials
by hatmakers this year is "substan-
TALLY" below that Of last year.
Evening star., 1943-08-21
U. S. Now Receiving
More Chocolate, Cocoa

Sy the Associated Press.
Civilians should now be getting Q
somewhat larger supply of choco-
late candy and other cocoa products,
officials of the War Food Admins
tration said today.
Evening star., 1943-08-21
British Save Metal

BY standardizing 1000 household
articles, Britain expects to save
600 900 tons OF steel, 1900 tons Of
copper and lso, o,0o0, 900 yards Of cloth
this year.
Evening star., 1943-08-21
Tuxi Drivers Make Hoy

Carrying seven passengers at 81
a head, London taxi drivers made
as high as s640 each during the
two-day spring racing season at
Newmarket.
The Durant news. (Durant, Miss.) 1882-1985, 1943-10-14
Tribute To Sweet Potato

By May Cresswell, State Home Dem. Agt
Did you know that Columbus discover
ed the sweet potato? 1t is said that he
hound sweet potatoes flourish,nr on
some of the Southern islands, that he
dug UP some of the tubers and took
them back as u present for Queen lisa
bella. thus sweet potatoes become hnown
in Europe and early ~colonis:s brought
them to Virginia.
Another interesting story about the
sweet potato is the one which die.itians
tell US. They say that sweet potatoes
rich golden color means AT a~tundanec
OF caroene which the human body
changes into Vitamin A. Even smaii
children know today that Vitarnin a
prevents night blindness, that il liz
necessary for normally growth and haips
US resist infections. Sweet potatoes are
a good source of Vitamin G also and
a good energy food. The food value
Of the sweet potato is now SO we'll
recognized that a large percentage Of
this years crop will be dehydrated and
shipped to our fighting men overseas.
we nave aiWdys edtcH s~ScS pVs@'vSS
in the South because we like them. 1t
is cheering to know that besides being
packed full of goodness, the Old aHce
potato skin is also packed fun Of food
value. Maybe sweet potatoes are one
of the reasons why SO many Southern
people grow unusually tall mad strong,
live to a ripe old age, make good work
ers and super-fighters.
Let's help our neighbors to ~reraenber
that the golden yellow potato is the bert
for human food. 1t is smart to select
your winter supply as soon as the crop
begins to come in. Select firm, smooth
we'll shaped, medium sized sweet pota-