davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1943-02-25
AFL UNIONS IN IE.lIN0iS
SHOW WAY TO VICTORY

Chicago.-AFL unions in Illinois are
proud of their war record for the fol
lowing reasons:
Thirty-tiye unions affiliated with the
Building Trades Council purchased u
million dollars worth of war bonds
The BIC also presented President
Roosevelt with Il check for 100000 to
purchase bomber The TeamSterS
Joint Council bought over IL million
dollars in bonds.
The Bakery wagon drivers union
gave the government Il check for 500
600 to buy Il fleet of alnbulanceS The
union also gave the city 0CD St,ON
for an ambulance. Radio Station
WCFL, AFL-owned and operated, do
mated time To the extent OF over $1,000
The membership of the Laundry 4
Dye House Cleaners Union has in.
vested S5O.O0O in bonds 1t also gave
$4,000 to the army's bomber fund. The
flat ianitorS' union-10,0OO members
played major role in making Chicago
first in metropolitan area scrap drives
They also bought Sl,000,O0O in bonds.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1943-02-25
LABOR STANDARDS ENDANGERED

ABOR is becoming aroused over the increase
- Of child labor state and federal laws are
relaxed under the plea of necessity. The
American Federation of Labor has just warned
strongly against what it calls the alarming in
crease" in child labor which it rightly declares is
a danger to the nations future as democracy.
The Ohio State Federation of Labor has fol
lowed with blast at attempts to break down
female and minor work standards. Phil Hannah
state secretary of the federation has denounced
attempts Of employers to exploit women and chill
dren and has announced Ohio labor's 'unaterable
opposition" to bill in the state legislature which
would permit women to work 81 hours a week and
lower the age for minors in industry to 16.
Hannah says that labor is willing to extend
the work week for women in war plants to AZ
hours. But" he adds, "as far as employers in
non-war industries breaking down our present
safeguards and conditions - achieved over the
years--that is entirely out of the question:
On the question of relaxing child labor laws
he says that Labor has everything at stake in
this war, but labor is not willing to halt educa-
tion of children so that they may work in non-wai
industries to the detriment Of their health and
the countrys future"
The AFL and the Ohio labor executive have
convncinGly stated the case against breakdown
of labor standards for women and children and
their position will be vigorously supported by
labor throughout the country.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1943-02-25
OUTPUT DETERMINES STANDARDS

DURING THE last year the United States has
~ amazed the world by it's production. AS the
President reported to Congress, we have sur
passed many goals that seemed impossible at the
start.
The volume Of output begins to demonstrate
our production possibilities, although are not
yet utilizing all our capacities.
Let us remember that this record was made
possible by the remarkable degree to which we
have made use Of chronological progress. We make
greater use Of tools and electric power than any
other national economy. Our managements make
widest use Of applied science and managements s
llnoW-hoW They benefit equally by workers eX-
perience resOurcefuneSs and knoW-hoW. The re-
suit is maximum output and maximum produc-
tvity with minimum labor costs Hours and rates
of pay must be fitted to characteristics OF our econ
omy or else they get out Of gear. Workers who
are individual centers in a production force oper-
ating high-poWered machinery and manning pro-
duction lines geared to such machines must work
the hours which assure sustained production at a
high rate. We cannot get more by simply length
ening the hours. Flesh and blood accumulate
fatigue, which slows down nerves and brain-and
output declines.
Our unparalleled production was accomplished
on what was practically a A8-hour standard.
The Bureau Of Labor Statistics, after review
ing hours worked in industries reports that
a majority Of those employed in seventeen select
ted industries MAINTAIN an average OF 40 hours
worked each week. To maintain this average there
must be a schedule providing AZ hours per work
er. In many three-shift establishments, such as
shipyardS the basic day shift is scheduled for
48 hours, but the shifts are planned to allow time
for cleaning, changes, maintenance, etc. 1t is inn
practical to plan full 18 hours for three shifts
The highest hours are in Industries directly en-
gagged in war work. For example, 90 per cent of
wage earnerS in machine tools q 48-hOul
schedule; 90 per cent Of those employed in artil-
lery; 81 per cent Of those on locomotives; 80 per
cent of those on machine tool accessories
World experience shows that unduly long
hours are invariably followed bV increased alb
senteesm due to fatigue illness. In England
and Germany long work weeks were found to be
the cause Of nefficiency and reduced output Re-
ducing the work week restored production.
Let us profit by accumulated experience and
keep Americas work week at AZ hours, so that we
can maintain our production rates and the eff
cheney Of our producing workers. They have made
Il record Of which we may be proud
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1943-02-25
SEABEES WORK UNDER FIRE

'I'HE flGli ling, neVer-SaN-dle spirit OF Amer
ica'5 workers was recently eXemplihed in the
South Pacific, when a battIe-scarrcd u. S. aircraft
carrier was made ready for further battle by
"Seabees,' who made emergency repairs at sea
while the carrier was steaming TO the scene of
another action. Part Of the repairs were actually
completed while the ship was in battle.
'ScabeeS' are men recruited for the Navy
principally through the cooperation Of AI'L build
ing trades unions. They are all volunteers, forming
the Nays construction BATTALION trained to work
and fight.
Much of this work was accomplished at sea
under the supervision Of the officer in charge of
the Seabees' and his forces during the stress of
operations against the enemy" the carriers COM
manding officer advised the Navy Department
"lhe emergency repairs accomplished by this
skillful wclI-trained, and enthusiastically ener-
Getic force have placed this vessel in condition for
further action against the enemy"
Returning to a South Pacific port after an
earlier battle, the carrier put in for repairs. A
crew OF Is ''Seabees' were put to work on her
since adequate regular repair forces were lacking
While the work was under way the carriers com
nander received orders t. put to sea Immediately
and engage the enemy.
There was 10 time to wait for completion OF
repairs The carrier sailed for the battle with
the "Seabees' still aboard and the men of the
construction battalion kept right on working
Even after the carrier was in the midst of battle
the "SCabees" carried out their assigned tasks
and effected all necessary repairs.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1943-02-25
GOOD LEADERSHIP ESSENTIAL

THIS COUNTRY has now been in the war suffi-
GENTLY long for the outlines of an economy for
total war to be well defined and to have ex-
|hausted surpuses so that standards Of living
must be adjusted to our war economy. In other
words, it is no longer possible to escape the con-
sequences of total war either in our businesses OF
lin our homes.
The American people are ready to make sac1l-
fees and to endure discomforts without grumbl-
ing provided our ultimate purpose-the conserva-
ton of human freedom-s served Leadership Of
the highest order from is Indispensable
for effective advancement of all our undertakings
for attaining our war objective. Administrators
can no longer tumble in planning but must see
their way clearly and surely through each stage
toward accomplishment of the task entrusted to
them.
No war administrator can carry out this re-
sponsibility alone His initial choice lies between
compulsion and mobilizating cooperaton-irst Of
his staff and then from groups of citizens-or
organizing those with whom he works so that
orders issued are effectively put into operation.
He explains mis- purpose and gets his staff to
think with him and then explains to the public.
'Cooperation is rooted in understanding The ad-
mnstratOr who chooses the policy of mobilizing
cooperation must first win confidence and then in
He will seek counsel, for one has all experience,
but decisions must be positive and cear-cut both
as basis for efficient administration and as evil
dence of his mastery of the problem.
An administrator VINO SHOWS INABILITY 10 Qe-
|cde upon course will not be able to count upon
cooperation The administrator who cannot retain
the confidence out of which cooperation stems
will be obligated to resort to arbitrary orders and
enforce compliance with the big stick.
The current issue in war production is to save
scarce materials for essential war work and to
find over two million additional workers. One
answer is the program to reduce civilian produc-
Ition, concentrate it in few plants and thereby
release workers. This program cuts across vested
rights and personal interests of both management
land workers. The program, however, is essential.
Real leadership would refuse to be deferred by
Iobstructionsts and would move definitely toward
the necessary end. Similarly with rationing and
Imanpower, the Observation-Disclosures must know
what is necessary and why, and tell the American
people Confidence is essential to cooperation
There's a long, hard pull ahead Wise and able
leadership will strengthen endurance and make
the task easier. We must not fail to prove that
democratic methods are the most efficient. The
same obligation for leadership and cooperation
rests upon unions and all voluntary organizations
las upon government administrators, for one is
dependent on the other. The success of democratic
resourceful initiative of all groups.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1943-02-25
GOOD WORKMANSHIP VITAL

HOW DEFECTIVE connection in a "Walkie
- Talle' almost defeated an American offensive
lin the South Pacific is dramatically portrayed in
the War Departments industrial film, "At-
tack Signal now available for showing to union
Igroups.
The film shows how an American landing
force was threatened with destruction before ii
could get word back to headquarters aboard q
Ibatteship that a beach head had been established
all because portable tWo-Way radio set would
int function. Through the heroic efforts of two
soldiers, who made their way under heavy fire tC
another detachment that had q iunctoning radio
the message got through and the enemy was
|routed.
A flash back to the production line shows why
THE "Walkie-TaIke' wouldn't work worker
lowered up a faulty Connection with a solder Job
The inspector couldn't see the defect, and the set
went to the battle zone as a perfect one.
Filmed and produced by the Army Signal
Corps under simulated battle conditions this new
motion picture is designed to bring home to the
workers the Importance of making 'em right.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1943-02-25
UNION MADE CIGARETTES
FOR WOMEN OVERSEAS

Louisville, "Raleighs for the
women overseas, too,' are suggested in
the latest advertising campaign of the
Brown and Williamson Tobacco Cor
poration, featuring union gifts OF
Raleigh cigarettes to the men of our
armed forces in foreign lands. Is & w
points out that men are not alone in
their appreciation of union-made cigar
cites ana that the WAACS. the
WAVES and other women in the
armed forces appreciate the relaxation
of Il smoke when the going is touch.
1t is suggested that women members
of unions and WOmen'S AuXiliaries
look into the b x w plan whereby
unions are sending Raleigh cigarettes
to the boys overseas.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1943-02-25
$40. .OOO, 900 SMALL PLANTS ORDER

Smaller War Plants Corporation has
received its first prime contract from
the government, S1O,000,O00 order for
furniture which the SWPC will sub
contract among manufacturers III
Grand Rapids, Mich, where 5000
contract, let by the Federal Public
Housing Administration, calls for
manufacture of items including beds,
chests, tables. chairs, mattresses,
springs and studio coucheS.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1943-02-25

New York City.-"All of our time
and strength must 80 to winning the
Tight The reason is not so much that
the war is as large as the world, but
that it is, at the same time, as per
Sonal aS your neighbor next door. Ii
is the solemn truth that what you do
tomorrow at your Jobs may make the
difference between life and death To
some man on some tropical island in
the South Pacific" Ralph A. Bard,
Assistant Secretary of the Navy, re
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1943-02-25
COMMENT ON WORLD
EVENTS

Sweden, though near Russia, is not
impressed by the fearsome picture of
the "Bolshevist Peril painted by
Adolf Hitler, Propaganda Minister
Goebbels and Reich Marshal Goering
during the German celebration of the
Nazi party's tenth anniversary. The
Swedish press almost unanimously
points out that there was nothing new
in either Hitler's proclamation or in
the speeches, but that there were a
number of important omissions.
The Stockholm newspaper Social
torially:
while it is certain that democracy
wouldn't fail to meet Il danger if it
became real, it is not reckless to say
that for Il long time to come Russia
won't have the force to crush demo-
cratic Europe, even if it has the re-
sources. Germany hasn't convinced the
world of her capacity, or will, to ward
off the Bolshevik danger Hitherto
Germany has shown itself only capable
VI tAllllSulSItllS lHt IitcuOll VI SSN =
eral small countries.
"Goering says that B O S h ev m
wouldn't be halted by, or respect, the
neutrality of either Sweden or Switzer-
land. But would German Nazism do
this if victorious? Wouldn't Sweden
and Switzerland, in such a case be
forcibly incorporated in the German
lebenSraum and thus be forced to sur
render their freedom and neutrality?
Everything has indicated that this
would probably be the case. Therefore
Germany must understand that the
German idea of saving the Continent is
not attracting the several small states
which are still free
The NaZi press in occupied Poland
has been full of enthusiastic accounts
of the general and spontaneous
demonstrations of the workers. that
supposedly took place during Il Nazi
celebration in SileSia. These demon
strations. it is asserted, We're espe-
cially impressive during the inspection
tour made by Dr. Ley, Nazi chief of
the Labor Front"
Poland Fights, published by a Polish
labor group in the United States tells
how The "enthusiaSm" was actually
produced. by order of the Nazi au-
thorities," it says, land under the
close supervision of s. S. Elite Guards,
the Polish workers in mines, industrial
plants, and workshops were forced to
elect delegations.
'rhese delegations were assigned to
designated places, either in the halls
or in the town squares, and given de-
tailed instructions on how to conduct
themselves during the spontaneous
demonstrations
Under threats of immediate dis
missal from their Jobs, and under the
protection of S. S. guns, the Polish
workers thus spontaneously partici-
patcd in the Nazi demonstrations in
honor of Hitler"
X X X
One OF the three or four Danish
writer's who joined the NaZiS, a minor
critic named Tandrup, tells in the
German-financed paper Faedrelandet
about the sociological discussion he
had with a Danish worker whom he
accidentally met in the street
The worker was interested until
Tandrup mentioned Nazism: when [
mentioned Nazsm an iron curtain at
once fell between us. His face stiifened,
his eyes turned cold, we became
between us We went away without
saying goodbye. He scowled at the
thought that anybody might have seen
him talking with Il NaZi.'
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1943-02-25
RIDING
AT ANCHOR
MR.. MODESTUS

Has democracy failed?
| Failed in what?
Well, who ever asked democracy to
do anything?
What is democracy butting in on any
job for anyway?
Has democracy any credentials
showing its capacity?
When did democracy ever accom-
plish anything?
Is not all history just the story of
what great men have done?
Now and then, some modest great
man gives the credit to democracy.
Let's quit kidding ourselves
Is not that the honest Napoleon
fact?
Ieah-it is not
What other forms of social control
have seemed to function besides democ-
racy?
Well-there is autocracy-the dicta-
torship
That is an Notwithstanding hon
orable-form
Then there is aristocracy-the rule
of the best people.
This has been well illustrated by the
old British rule
1t is really the pattern given in
Plato's Republic
good dictatorship is said by some
to be the best form of government on
earth.
But dictatorship has curious-and
quite uniform-ef'ect on the disposition
of the good man.
The problem of the proper aristoc-
racy is, to decide on who are the
best people.
Then, there have been "vigilantes )"
and mob rule and the like.
But these were temporary, naturally,
and always led to something else.
X X X
The really interesting question is :
What is the tendency?
Is the tendency toward dictator
ships? or is it toward ariStocracy?
Or is it, after all, an undeniable
drift toward democracy?
That may depend upon what democ-
racy is supposed to be, and to do
Democracy has generally raised its
head when too many people refused to
consent any longer TO the doings of the
autocrat, or the aristocrat, or the
mobocracy. For: after all, these can
not function comfortably, unless the
people, somehow, consent
The record seems to show that al
ways, sooner or later, this consent was
withdrawp.
a democracy seems to imply the ac-
ton Of all the people, or a majority Of
all the people, in unison.
Sometimes il Just gets down to what
is called "an effective majority"
There are certain kinds of things
that you can always divide Il crowd
on.
You could never get the women to
agree on any particular style of hats.
But they will follow the dictate" of
faShion-and wear the hats.
1t takes three or four elections in
some countries, to elect representatives
from Il district to the Legislative body.
And when it comes to selecting post
masters
1t is Il mighty good thing that we
have some one man to attend To it,
a democratic executive is mighty
near Il contradiction in terms
And, an unpopular dictator or aris-
tocracy always rides for Il fan
1t seems, that fundamentally gov
ernment must function in harmony
with the will-the general welfare
of the ma ajority.
Also. that the handling of details
administration to wreck on the
old principle of "too many cooks
When either of these steps outside
| of the province
Look out for storm signals in the
near future.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1943-02-25

There is only one sacrifice American workers
will refuse to make. There is only one thing We
will not give up. That is our freedom We are
strong because are free We do not and cannot
believe that we can win this war by weakening
our great army of workers. We do not and cannot
believe that the way to preserve democracy
throughout the world is to impair it here at home
William Green.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1943-02-25
....::.:.....:...s
w Fl A I NE x T?

Burning soft coal without smoke
is accomplished in stoves made by
Il Knoxville company on govern
meni order. Smoke is eliminated
by placing the cIay-Iined iireboX
between the automatic coal hopper
and the stolepipe, recurring vOla-
tile materials that cause smoke to
pass through the flame 80 be con
Si,med
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1943-02-25

! War grows more tough takes more
out of the people and tie nation.
/ 1t can't be helped. What is needed
will have to be given.
| 1t ought to be given with thanks
that we can give it. Only by winning
is life to be made secure, worth while,
! free.
Most Americans have read descrip-
tons of what has happened to peoples
conquered by the Nazi barbarians. 1t
| is destruction of everything, including
| life itself.
Today's battle news looks good. But
don't be swept away by it. War Gibbs
and flows. Not all one way all the
| time We can get some terrible blows
before we win.
so, we must give what it takes until
victory is complete, final, nailed down.
| There was speculation about what
had become of Hitler. 1t seems he has
bObbed up. But he didn't bob up de-
claiming and strutting. Unless it's a
pose, Hitler is on his way to eclipse.
He started as a Schichelgruber; he'll
end as one.
| However, the NaZi army isn't bust
ed. 1t has had Il terrible lacing in
Russia. But there's plenty of it left.
| We look ahead to much hard going.
Not TO pillow fight.
1t will take men. 1t will take guns
and all manner of explosives. Thou
sands upon thousands of NaZiS must
be slain. And too many Americans.
| The civilian who has to go short
of fuel and gas and perhaps of food
can say to himself that. no matter how
hard the going, his lot is easy as COM
pared to that of the man who's going
! TO be part of the invasion force in
Europe.
There has been bungling; there will
be more; It's an awful big war to run
without some mistakes, some bungles
We have to take the bad with the good
and put into the war what it needs of
EVERYTHING-unti we win.
x 4 \
I
tor Gerald p. Nye
His yammeringS must sound wonder
, ful in the Buna regions.
| But probably better in Berlin and
Toxic
| Nye and a handful of others. Who
the hell do they think they are? Or
do they Know?
But every war has had some such
manifestation
| Out of the first World War came
| that little band of wiIIful men"
Helping TO Law the foundation for
today's conflict.
We have to win the war and we
have to win inside as well as outside.
| 1t has to be 50 that bic fellows cam
not lump on and mangle and bleed TO
death the little fellows all over thn
world.
1t won't all come out perfect right
Iaway. but if has TO oct started with n
! foundation on which growth can keep
going.
X x x
We have plenty of wrongs riabt
here in the United States after all
these years but we have u constitu-
ton that makes it possible to carry on
y continuous process of eliminating
policies and practices.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1943-02-25

Unions on the whole have been more
willing to help management raise pro
duction and save materials than EN-
ployers have been to receive the help
of unionS-Sumner Slichter, Harvard
University.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1943-02-25
THE
CHERRY TREE

Where With Our Little H0tchef
We Tell the Truth About Many
Things, Sometimes Profoundly,
Sometimes FIippant!y ana
Sometimes ReckIessly.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1943-02-25

EASTERN GENERAL WARE STANDING COMMITTEE
DALE FRED TURNER
Operatives E. L. WHEATLEY, VIM YOUNG EDWARD SEYFIERT
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1943-02-25
w I S D Q M

Reason and free inquiry are the
only eifectual agents against error.
Thomas Jefferson.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1943-02-25

President flames NJ Duffy p o Box g. East Liverpool Ohio
Whealey
Bank Building New
Pacific Blvd, Huntington
Park Calf.
Saven, Liverpool
Zmmer
Sixth Vice Liver
pool Ohio
Seventh Vice Presiden-Chares Virginia Avenue
Sebring
Newell. We
McGiivray p Liver
Ohio.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1943-02-25

The great man is the man who does
Il thing for the first time - Alexander
Smith.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1943-02-25

WESTERN GENERAL WARE STANDING COMMITTEE
Operatives JOHN McGILLVRAY, LOUIS PIESLOCK F. HAYNES
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1943-02-25

EASTERN CHINA WARE STANDING COMMITTEE I
X. KOOSI
Operatves r. L. WHEATLEY. JOHN T. BADAUF Jr WIN OWENl