davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-01-13

STATE of CONNECTICUT. NEW
 HAVEN COUNTY, ss. WATER
 BURY, January 9th, 1s4S.
 The within and foregoing Is 8 true and attested copy Of the or iginal Order of Notice in my hands for service. Attest: 1.11-3t. City Sheriff.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-01-13
Automobiles
NeuU Car Dealers
Automobiles For Sale

1888 Chevrolet Coupe, Radio & Htr.
 JOHN J. COLLINS, INC. 38 Willow St. Dial 3-2124
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-01-13

STATE of CONNECTICUT NEW HAVEN COUNTY. ss. WATER BURY, January 9th, 1943. The within and foregoing Is a true and attested copy of the or- iginal Order of Notice in my hands for service.
 Attest:
 CLAYTON BRIoTTI. 1.11-st. City Sheriff
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-01-13
(By Robert L. Palmer)

(By Robert L. Palmer)
 
 Last Weeks Results Rangers 3. Flying Tigers 1 Leathernecks 2, Commandos l Bombadiers 2, Doughboys 1
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-01-13


 Ted Coughlin in a desperate att tempt to pull his team out of their slump installed Mike "the fat boy" Mendillo in the anchor spot and placed himself a notch higher and although neither one could beat Margie Parkingmeter's score the change helped as we told you earlier.
 Boom Boom Stokes and Laughing Bill German, captain and first lieu- tenant of the DOughbOys respective Iy were handed quite 3 surprise by the absent riadled BOmbadiers. with the DOughboys at top strength and raring to go after their record breaking performance their last time out it looked like . clean sweep over the second place team, when Emma Moran and Captain Joe Ariola failed to appear. However. Stokes couldn't get the old b0Om- boom ball working and Nick Caro- seIla came through with 8 .368 to- tai enough margin tO supply the BOmbers with . two game victory.
 The Rangers managed to keep pace with the Bombers despite the heroic efforts of Tony Garafano who rolled 119, 14O and 126 for a 3oO night and only three pins of the high three record. The "Shiek" didn't get much help from his mates though and Joe Adamchick's .342 paced the Rangers to two 600 games.
 We can see . lot of you put your. selves ont e get down to the alleys last wseA. xeu ses, folks, with our
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-01-13
Business SerUice
Business Services Rendered

WINDOW CLEANING - You will save money if you send for us to do your cleaning. Connecticut Window Cleaning Co. Office. 322 Pine St. Dial 4-4617.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-01-13

FOR BETTER SERvICG-Call Rus sells Waterbury Towel Supply Co. 892 East Main St. Dial S-l377. Coat, Apron and Towel Supplies also h. dllstrial Dry Cleaning Service.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-01-13

sH Special NOt'c.s
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-01-13

We can see . lot of you put your. selves out e get down to the alleys last veal xes ses, lolks' with eur
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-01-13

9 Autos and Trucks For Sale
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-01-13

ORDER OF NOTICE THE CITY of WATERBURY, Q mu- niotpal corporation located in the County of New Haven, State of Connecticut
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-01-13

l94l STUDEBA AKER Commander Land Cruiser. Low mileage, like new
 J. G. MOTORS, ING. IT Willow St. Dial 3-2131
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-01-13
For Rent Real Estate
9 Apartments and Tenements

TWO ROOMS-All improvements in the basement. Inquire 159 Yale St. Phone 3-6942.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-01-13

STATE of CONNECTICUT, JUDI- GAL DISTRICT of WATER BURY, ss. WATERBURY, De- cember 3t, 1942.
Imperial Valley press., 1943-03-02
County Council
Hears Reports
On War Work

That American Legion Auxiliary
units are playing an important part
in the war effort was evident as
Unit after unit Monday night re-
ported the war work which it's
members are doing, these reports
being made at the County Council
meeting in Westmorland.
Considerable discu ssion took
place in regard to the proposal that
Japanese youngsters be taken from
concentration camps and be allowed
to continue their college studies
No action was taken by the coun-
Gil, but Boyce Aten unit of Ell Gen.
tro passed a resolution at a recent
meeting protesting against such a
plan.
Edna Morrison. president of the
22nd district, American Legion
Auxiliary, announced that the de-
partment president will visit the
district in April, probably in San
Diego.
At the conclusion of the session,
Westmorland unit members served
refreshments. All Units in the val
ley were represented at the meet
ing with the exception of Holtville.
Imperial Valley press., 1943-03-02
New York Girl to Be Married
ToLt. WilIiamH. Peterson

Mrs. Spencer Burnett Randall of
Schenectady.
The wedding will be an event of
this spring.
Miss Randaii at.enGed PoWelson
Institute in Syracuse and complet-
ed a special course at the Roch-
ester Business Institute. She is
now employed in the radio trans
mitter department of the General
Electric Co.
1t. Peterson attended the Ell
Centre schools and was graduated
from the University fo California
receiving his law cegree from Stan
ford university, where he was elect
ed to Phi Alpha Delta. He is a
member of the California bar.
For some time 1t. Peterson was
in the office of the Secretary of
Wsw at Washington, DC, and
later was ordered to active duty
being stationed at Pine Camp, New
York, near Schenectady, where he
met his future bride. He is now
stationed at Fort Belvoir, Va.
1t. Peterson Games from a we'll
known pioneer family, and news
of his engagement is of consider
able Importance both to his friends
and to those of his parents.
Imperial Valley press., 1943-03-02

These officers we're installed i'm
mediately following the election.
In addition to the election, the
meeting was highlighted by talks
presented by three Camp Fire girls,
introduced b. Mrs. Willis T. john
son, Camp Fire executive secretary.
These three girls, Patricia Blair,
Wava Parry and Karma Lyta Nc
Mahan, described the use of colored
beads to indicate achievements in
the various Camp Fire crafts, the
chapter having given the group
funds to purchase these beads, or
honors, which the girls have earned.
Members present we're: Mesdames
j. d. Adams, Stanley BigeloW, Roy
E. Breedlove, Warren Currier Earle
G. Davis, Laural M. Ferguson, Elmer
w. Heald, Laural M. Ferguson, o. G..
Horne, Harry w. Horton, Forrest E.
Kutz, Chancellor Livingston, Henry
l.. Loud, Allen P Nuffer, Minor O.
Simms, C. E. SprouSe, Vaughn N.
Thompson.
Imperial Valley press., 1943-03-02
NEW COURSES

Four REQ Cross classes in home
nursing conducted by Miss Rachel
st. Pierre. instructor sent by the
Red Cross to FL Centre, will be
completed this week, 100 women,
approximately, receiving their cer-
tificates. A fifth class has not fin
ished it's course, but will do so un-
der another instructor, as Miss St.
Pierre has been called for service
elsewhere.
A number of requests have been
received for new classes, and Mrs.
Estelle Reid home nursing chair
man for the Ell Centre chapter, has
announced that If 20 women enroll
this week a new class will be FORM
ed which will probably meet two
nights a week for six weeks so that
the work can be finished before hot
weather.
Servicemen's wives have been in
terested in taking such class
and if enough of them register
they may have class of their own
Women who were unable to com.
plete the class due to epidemics O.
sickness, may register for the new
class also.
Registration ior the class mus
be made this week, either at Ret
Cross headquarters, telephone 224
or with Mrs. Reid, telephone GIG.
Those who have completed tn
courses have had lots of fun as wei
as gaining valuable knowledge t
use in caring fci illnesses within
their own families.
Imperial Valley press., 1943-03-02
Ten Thousand Club
Dessert Bridge
Party Thursday

Spring flowers and a spring theme
will prevail at the Ten Thousand
clubs March bridge party on Thurs
day of this week, a dessert party
at which Mrs. o. G.. Horne and her
committee will be in charge.
The committee met Monday after
noon and planned a tempting deS-
sert and an attractive party which
also serves good cause since the
money is used for war activities and
since the prizes for the bridge game
are war stamps.
These monthly bridge parties arc
open to all women of the commu-
nifty, whether or not club members,
and are held in the club house,
dessert being served at 1890 noon.
Reservations should be made with
Mrs. Norman E. Dupont, telephone
1886.
Mrs. John B. McNeece and her
committee will arrange the bridge
play, prizes going to the winners
in the days game, and at the end
of the series, in May, to tournament
winners as well.
Imperial Valley press., 1943-03-02
Flag Dedication
A+City Church

State Street Christian church was
the scene Sunday morning of an
impressive service, the dedication
of an American and a Christian
flag, presented to the church by
Mrs. T. H. Forman (Annabelle
Taylor in honor of her husband,
Sgt. Forman, who is missing in ac-
ticn.
Some months ago Mrs. Forman
received word from the war depart
ment that the plane in which Sgt
Folman and other members of
the crew had set out in from Ran
COON, was missing. The plane
was returning home when last
heard from.
The two new flags, dedicated in
Sgt. Forman's honor by the pastor,
the Rev. Mr.. E. L. Carter, have been
placed N the church auditorium.
Imperial Valley press., 1943-03-02

because subways made him ,seasick.
He was a runner in that canyon of
gilt known as Wall street.
One day he was dispatched to
the extreme end of New York. He
got as far as Forty-second street
when the sickness became unbear-
able.
Leaving the subway he strug-
gled up into the open air, breathed
deeply and started gazing about
him. Half block down the street
he saw a sign reading, William A.
Brady, theatrical producer With
out thinking Of anything in parti-
cular he headed for the sign. He
asked for job and got it, a Job
as a stagehand which eventually
led to stage and then Hollywood
stardom.
The one-time Wall Street run
nel who became famous because
subWays made him seasick, Hum
| plrey Bogart.
Imperial Valley press., 1943-03-02
Approves More
War Nurseries

WASHINGTON, March PUP
Presidential approval of 81 more
war nurseries and child care cent
crs for children of mothers engaged
in war work was announced today
by Maj-Gen. Philip B. Fleming,
Federal Works Administrator.
This brings to 215 the number
Of nurseries and child care centers
which the FWA has helped to es-
tablish or continue with Lanham
Act funds Approximately half of
the operating costs are paid by the
local sponsors.
The nev projects will care for
approximately 8,445 children. They
include:
Mesa, Ariz.; Mesa school district
No 4; allotted 1880 for two war
nurseries, fn- 60 children from
March l to June 30; applicants
contribution, S1,783.
Imperial Valley press., 1943-03-02
Evangelist Due
A+Church

James Earl Ladd, evangelist who
last year conducted four weeks
series of meetings at the State
Street Christian church. will be in
the valleT next Sunday to start
another series of meetings, the Rev.
Mr.. E, L. Carter, pastor of the
church, announced on Monday.
Mr.. Ladd met with such popular
response that, engaged for three
weeks, he was kept for four, and
would have been asked to remain
for still another week but for the
fact that he had another series
scheduled.
Imperial Valley press., 1943-03-02
Sorop+imis+s in
at
KENYON Home

Soroptimists enjoyed dinner
meeting Monday night at the at
tractiv- new home of their presi-
dent, Mrs. Harvey A. Kenyon, 1245
Len Rey avenue. party which also
served as houseWarming, the
group surprising Mrs. Kenyon with
n gift, and also, Mrs. Mable Beech
CT with a farewell present.
Miss Florence Glenn, Mrs. jim
ME BerOnio, Mrs Zillah Wandrey
Mrs. Henry Swanson prepared the
tempting dinner served at 7 o'clock,
after which brief business meeting
took place.
Reports were made including the
work done at the Methodist church
canteen for servicemen. last Sat-
urday being the Soroptimist's day
at the canteen
The club voted a donation to the
servicemen's canteen fund.
Imperial Valley press., 1943-03-02
Imperial Valley Press

Established April 20, 1901. Pub
lishcd every afternoon except Sat
urday and Sunday Saturday after
noon issue now succeeded by the
Sunday PostPress. established 1936)
by the Imperal Valley Publishing
company, 625 State Street, FL Centro,
California.
Paul Jenkins, publisher: A. G. John
ston, vice president and general man
ager; Catherine NJ. Jenkins. secretary.
WeStHolliday Co. Inc, National Ad-
vertising representatives.
M"n'N"" California Newspaper PUBLISH
erS Association.
Entered at Ell Centro, Calf. post
office as second class matter.
Subscription rates in California, SC
per copy.
In connection with the Post-PreSS
Sundays, per monts 75c paid in ad-
vance. 3 months So 10; months
$500; one year $3.50; outside Cali
fornia 81 per month.
Imperial Valley press., 1943-03-02
Tenth Birthday
Celebrated

Saturday was an important day
for Patsy Lee Armstrong. daughter
of Mr.. and Mrs. Frank Armstrong
since it was her birthday and since
her mother gave birthday party
TO- her in honor of her tenth ami
versary.
A group of youngsters gathered
at the Armstrong home for games
after which they went to the the
atre, with refreshments, ice cream,
the birthday cake and punch being
served. Table decorations consisted
of bouquets of lovely spring flowers.
Those present we're: 10 Ann
Holmes, Patricia 10 Reed Jane
Harris, Glenda Boone, Bonnie Bob
bet Boone, and Patsy Lee.
Mrs. Armstrong was assisted by
Mrs. Marshall Boone.
Imperial Valley press., 1943-03-02
Third Divorce
Successful

RENO, New. March 2-(UP'-
Mrs. Dorothy Ledyard Knights
third attempt at divorce ended with
success.
Her husband, Richard Allen
Knight. who once acood on his head
At New Yorks Metropolitan Opera
to prove his affection, failed to
appear as she was granted a de-
fault decree on grounds of extreme
cruelty.
Mrs. Knight was granted custody
of their two children, Nora, 7,
and Dinah, 5.
Knight, who frequently had
boasted that mama will never
divorce me-" was believed to be at
Palm Springs, Cal.
Imperial Valley press., 1943-03-02
Old Time Dane e
TO Be Victory
Par+yFriday

Rural Recreation Council is plan
ming a special dance this Friday,
an old time dance which they have
termed c Victory dance, and from
the profits of which they will make
donation to the Red Gross.
The party will feature lots of
Faul Joneses and square dances,
and will also have as its high
light a country store from which
prizes, ali farm products, will be
presented for the dancers.
Good music has been arranged
for the evening, the American Leg
ion is permitting the group to use
the hall free of charge, and all
the country store prizes are being
given SO that the council will be
able to make really sizeable
donation to the Red Cross.
These parties are lots of fun
and are open to everyone interested
in attending Instructors will teach
the steps to those who wish to
learn them prior to the opening of
the dance itself at $3.50 o'clock Fri
day night of this week in the I'M
perial Veterans hall
Imperial Valley press., 1943-03-02
CALENDAR
TUESDAY

TUESDAY
Girl Scouts, Z, Scout hut
Central Labor council, 1880, Labor
temple
Oasis Shrine No. 20, w. S. of j.,
8, Masonic temple
Eagles, 8, 500 Broadway
TOastmistress club, 80, CalifOr-
mia hotel
Night school, 10, high school
WOmen's Council, 1880, l.. o. Villa
bee home
WEDNESDAY
Parliamentary law, $3.50, A Ham,
iltOn
Methodist Dist. Soc, $3.50, CalexicO
church
Mt. Signal. 1880. a. Brandenburg
ranch
World Friendship Circle, II, 564
Hamilton
Butchers, 1890, Labor temple
City council, 7;30, city hall
State guard, 1880, stadium
Troop 10, 7:l5, Scout hut
Night school, 10, Central
Servicemen's dance, $3.50, Vcter-
ans hall
Imperial Valley press., 1943-03-02
Society
Clubs
BrawIey
To Entertain
Junior Group

,Brawley Junior Women's club is
having a reciprocity meeting Thurs
day night, 1880 o'clock in the Braw-
lev club house with Bonnie WEIGH,
Imperial Valley artist, in charge
of the program.
Ivadelle Johnson, president of the
State Junior Federation, is expected
also at this meeting having been
invited to be a guest and a speaker.
Mrs Ernest o. Steimle is presi-
dent of the Brawley Junior Women's
club and will preside at the meet
ing.
A group of Junior Ten Thousand
club members is planning to attend,
headed by Mrs. James w. Beshears,
president.
Imperial Valley press., 1943-03-02
Ersatz Shoes
Due Soon

WASHINGTON, March l--CUP)
American women may be wear
ing ErSatz shoes soon and liking it,
OPA officials said today that
shoe manufacturers are planning to
come to the rescue of women who
must tramp all day in durable"
shoes this year. The American
woman may become resigned to
doing most of her footwork in more
sturdy shoes, but manufacturers
believe that she'll always welcome
the opportunity to slip into some
thing more colorful and pretty"
Imperial Valley press., 1943-03-02
Mrs. Sprouse Is IsRe-E|ected
President Of ChapterAV

Mrs. c. E. Sprouse was reelected
president of Chapter AV, P.EO., at
he meeting Monday afternoon held
at the home of Mrs. Allen P. Nuffer
on Len Rey, after a luncheon at
1852 Olive.
Other officers chosen we're: Mrs.
Elmer Heald, president; Mrs.
J. d. Adams, recording secretary;
Mrs. Don C. Bitter corresponding
secretary; Mrs. Roy E. Breedlove,
treasurer; Mrs. Chancellor Living
ston, chaplain; Mrs. Donna Hollo-
way, guard.
Imperial Valley press., 1943-03-02
Alan He aid Has
Birthday Par+y

Alan Heald, son of 1t. and Mrs.
Frederick Powers Heald, had his
sixth birthday Saturday, his moth
or inviting group of youngsters
for party that afternoon in cele-
bratiOn of the day.
1t. Heald, who is stationed at
San Bernardino, was home for the
weekend, Mrs. Heald and Phillip
accompanying him to San Bernard
inc on his return, planning to spend
a few days in that city.
Imperial Valley press., 1943-03-02

To many in Imperial Valley. an
engagement announcement made
recently in Schenectady, New York,
will be of special interest, since
the future bridegroom is an Ell
Centran: LIT. William Hosmer Pc
terson, son of DR.. and Mrs. F. w.
Peterson, prominent Ell Centro res
idents, whose betrothal to Alice
Eleanor Randall, was announced in
February by her parents, Mr.. and
Imperial Valley press., 1943-03-02
Brisadettes to
Ne e+ Saturday

Barbara Worth Brigadettes are to
meet Saturday for a luncheon and
business meeting, 1890 noon in the
Barbara Worth hotel. Reservations
for the luncheon must be made
with the hotel, or with Mrs. Edna
Morrison, by Friday.
Imperial Valley press., 1943-03-02
Ernest DeSotos
Have Baby Girl

Capt. and Mrs Ernest DeSoto,
whose wedding at Donean Rancho
was the first military wedding to
be solemnized in the valley during
this war, are now the parents of a
baby girl, born Feb. l, and named
Carol Ann according to word re-
ceived by friends in Ell Centro.
Capt. De Soto who was stationed
at Camp Seeley while in the valley,
is stationed at FIT. Benning, Georgia
Imperial Valley press., 1943-03-02
{. Y. O.Honors
Arturo Amador

CALFXICO, March 2 - Arturo
Amador, private first class, who is
III CaleXico on leave. recovering
from wounds received in action in
North Africa, was guest of honor
a; a party given Tuesday night
by the C.Y.O., a pot luck dinner
and dance in Our Lady of Guada-
lupc church's hall
Other guests included the MP. S
stationed in CaleXico.
Imperial Valley press., 1943-03-02
ON THE FRONT
IN THE VALLEY
WEDNESDAY DANCE

Servicemen stationed in the val
ley will have another dance given
for them Wednesday night, $40
o'clock in the Veterans hall, with
junior hostesses as partners. The
dance will. be chaperoned.
Imperial Valley press., 1943-03-02

Lets make some smooth gravy. The
reason gravy so often goes wrong is
that it gets into hot water. The trick
is to use cold water instead. If you
want to thicken your gravy, simply
place water in small jar, add -four
and shake. Then your gravy will be
smooth and free of Jumps.
Imperial Valley press., 1943-03-02
OBTAINS DIVORCE

A final divorce was granted in
Imperial county superior court Mon
day to Orvel Greene from Marie
ONeal Greene.
Imperial Valley press., 1943-03-02
DIVORCE GRANTED

Nathan o. Tenney Monday OBJ
tanned a final divorce from Myrtle
M Tenney.
Imperial Valley press., 1943-03-02
ERRAND Roy

ERRAND BOY
He was doing all right on Wall
Street and except for one thing,
he might still be there-running
orders, scribbling on blackboards
reven getting into the important
money. But he became an actor
Imperial Valley press., 1943-03-02
HOLLYWOOD
BY ERSKINE JOHNSON

Background for stardom: They
said she would never walk again.
But that was 10 years ago. She
was just breaking into show busi-
ness in New York, a tall. slender
youngSter with flaming red hair.
1t was winter and the streets were
icy. Icy enough to spin the girls
automobile around into a Whirl-
wind skid, to throw her clear of
the pavement 1t was two hours
before a passer-by discovered her,
unconscious.
She was rushed to a hospital,
where doctors found no particular
injury except shock and severe
bruises. But several days later
pain struck her spine and legs.
| Paralysis. Operations, treatments,
doctors, nurses. All of no avail
She'll never walk again. they
said.
For one year the girl lay in 9
hospital room. Three more years
we're spent in a wheelchair.
Today at the M-G-M studio il
Hollywood. they've just completed
a filmusical, "DuBarry Was 3
Lady" It's star is a lively-step-
ping girl with flaming red hair
The studio also filmed e.lothel
musical, Best Foot Forward" i
also stars a girl who sings, laughs
steps lively and dances.
The star of these two pictures
the girl they said would never we'll
again, Lucille Ball.
TRUCK DRIVER TO STAR
He was tall and handsome anc
he could sing. He loved to sing
He could ride, too. He could ridt
horse like you see them do i
in the movies. But he was
truck driver and HOLLYWOOD didn'
even cast a glance his way. Hi
was discouraged. ready to leave
Hollywood that day when hi
truck broke own near the Brent
wood golf course in Beverly Hills
While waiting for someone to tow
his truck back to town, the driver
started singing. A golfer hearo
him, came over and asked his
name. The truck driver told him
"You have fine voice, lad" the
golfer told him. "A great voice
Told him of his screen ambition
and of his failures.
Don't worry. Keep punchin' kid
You'll get there.
Magic Words = keep punchin!
Magic words that burned within
that boy until finally the day came
when truck driver became a mo-
ton picture star.
The golfer who told truck
driver to keep punchin'," the
truck drivers boyhood idol, the
great western star of yesterday,
the late Tom Mix. The truck
driver. who became a star, the
great western star of today, Roy
Rogers.
Imperial Valley press., 1943-03-02
FlCHTIN' FOODS FOR
DEFENSE WORKERS

Tf y A timely hint here and there is great
S help when it comes to preparing new
Victory dishes that are easy on your time easy on
appettes-and easy on the budget. Try these:
Imperial Valley press., 1943-03-02

Those empty salt cartons with spouts
have many uses, so save them. For
one thing they make excellent con-
tainers for Weber's bread crumbs.
Fill with a funnel, set aside for fu.
ture use.
Imperial Valley press., 1943-03-02

A Sunday morning treat-and a treat any
Week-day for that matter! Here's how. Dip
slices OF Webers Whole Wheat Bread in
beaten egg yolks thinned with undiluted
canned milk. Then dip in beaten egg white
to which has been added dash of cinnamon
OF nutmeg. Satisfies all the family! -.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1943-04-03
PIT. A. News
MONDAY

MONDAY
jefferson Preschool study group
meets Monday at p. m. in the
home of Mrs. Ray Roberts. 4122
No. 18th st, with Mrs. C. Rod
side presiding. Mrs. G. c. Gliding
will speak on Fun at Home.
Hostesses win be Mrs. Robbins
and Mrs, c. E. Cottler.
WEDNESDAY
Rogers PIT. A. meets We'd
nesday at the school in room
at 2:3O p. m. with Mrs. John Nor
ley presiding. Miss Francis Wiley
will speak on War Time Food
Problems" Music will be by pu-
pills under the direction of Miss
Florence Nederlee. A plant sale
will be held after the meeting
Hostesses will be the executive
board.
Thursday
Whitman PIT. A. meets Thurs
day in the Girl Scout room at
1870 p. m. with Mrs. r. L. Far
mer presiding. Dr. N E. Magnus-
sen will speak on Your Girth
Line, or Watch Your Weight"
Music will be by the second grade
pupils. Mrs. Harold L. Smith will
be hostess assisted by second
grade mothers.