davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1943-08-26

And the reason they were unable
to do this was because of their fear
of New Deal reprisals The moment
the insurance companies acted in OPP
position to Administration fiscal pol
icies, the attack would have been
made. They were afraid They were
afraid of governmental insurance
plan. They were afraid of being ac-
cused of playing politics. They were
afraid of being taken over. And they
had some ground for fear For, it is
true that for years before the war
the advanced thinkers of the New
Deal fairly itched to get their hands
on the great accumulations Of capital
controlled by the insurance COM
panies.
In any event, the companies kept
out when they should have gone in.
They permitted lot of damaging
things to happen which, by unity and
courage, they could have prevented.
No sensible man wants the insurance.
companies in politics. But the first
duty of the companies is to protect
their policyholders, and when politics
and politicians threaten these it is
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1943-08-26

When all the facts are considered,
this seems almost criminal negli
gence. Why were these great custodi-
ans of the economic security Of more
than half the nation inert when that
security was imperiled? Why, with
out protest, did they see the value of
the dollar diminished through un-
sound fiscal theories? Why, without
arousing their policyholders to the
peril did they fail effectively to reg
lister against the mounting debt, the
deepening deficits and the blatant
idiocy of the TAX, tax, tax, spend,
spend, spend, elect, elect, elect" politi-
cal philosophy Of Mr. Harry Hopkins,
jumped from the obscure social work
er activities to a post Of great influ-
ence, as the Presidents most intimate
friend?
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1943-08-26
Insurance And Initiation


Washington, Aug. 81.
To those who are rightly concerned
about the stability of our economic
structure and fully understand the
dangers of an uncontrolled initiation,
the most encouraging thing that has
happened in a long time is the ac-
tive entrance of the life insurance
companies of the country into the
fight to avoid it,
$3.50
These companies represent the
greatest pool Of uncontrolled private
capital in the world But, more than
that. they represent in the United
States directly. intimately and vitality
a far greater number Of people than
all the other groups, elements, unions,
organizations and associations COM
bined. More than 67,000,00G men and
women in the country are policyhold-
ers. This is more than majority Of
the whole population, white, black,
male, female, adults and children. On
the average, there are at least two
policyholders in every American fam
lily. These include every class, creed
and color In all history no other ma
ton has had so overwhelming a per-
sonal interest in maintaining the val
ne of the national currency and in
sustaining the solidity Of the Federal
fiscal structure.
49,
To the vast bulk of these 67000,000
the life insurance policy and the saw
ings bank account, which is closely
akin, represents the difference be-
tween solvency and insolvency. In
them is lodged the hope Of economic
independence while life lasts and a
certain amount of security for ones
dependents after life ends These be-
ing the facts, one might suppose that
the great life insurance companies,
rallying their multitudes Of policy
holders to political action, would be
the most dominant pressure force in
the nation, irresistible when united
upon any question affecting the
strength Of that anchor to windWard,
the life insurance policy.
$3.50
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1943-08-26

essential for them to act Out of fear,
inertia and lack of cohesion they
failed to act against the New Deal
economic heresies. But. now, they are
going to act-with governmental ac-
quiescence-against initiation. That is
very good news, indeed thought it has
been long delayed.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1943-08-26
Soldiers In West Virginia

he must practice climbing it ON toes
and fingers; next he is shown the
value Of ropes as used by professional
at great heights, for the rope
is the climbers bond of safety. 1t
carries the implication Of all for one
and one for all-in case Of a slip. SO
the climbing "roollie" is told deliber-
atcly to loosen his toe and finger holds
ON the boulder after a rope has been
tied about him and passed to another
on top Of the rock. The man on top
lets him slide gently to the ground,
gradually releasing the rope as
though playing q big fish.
All climbing ropes must be kept
taut. Neglect of this rule may we'll be
tragic. If climber loses his finger
holds without his feet slipping, he
falls backward, away from the cliff,
and when he has taken up the slack
of dangling rope he is yanked with
terrific force against the face of the
cliff But when the rope about him is
kept taut he can rest gently against
the cliff until he reestabIshes his
holds
All Taught To Be First Man"
With these fundamentals in mind,
the men start actual climbing. All are
taught to be the first man"-that is,
the man who starts up first, carrying
about forty pounds Of equipment on
his back. In the load are his rifle, can
teen, a bit Of X ration and such
equipment as a coil of half
inch rope, pitons and snap links AS
he works his way upward he is always
studying the rock above him for new
crevices into which he may insert his
fingers and toes.
At about fifty feet from the ground
he pauscs, holds on and drives a piton
into a crevice The piton is a spike
like affair about six inches long with
a hole in it's head, into which the snap
links are inserted, The ropes, in turn,
are put through the snap links and
run down to the other men 1.-TWO, in
most cases.. They are attached to the
rope by special harness and as they
climb the FIRST man pulls the rope taut
and keeps it that way. 1t gives them
added support
One must know how to drive pitons
into cliff crcvices. Soldiers in these
mountains are told that if the ham
mcr blows ring clear and high-ping!
ping, and get higher with each blow
the piton has a firm hold in the rock
But if the blows rcsound DULY
klonk, klonk-that means the piton
has gone into a hollow or into a So
called "rottcn rock" which might
peel out" and everybody would fall
The ping" sound means that the
piton is firmly set.
Get Night Training
Thus the first man." driving his
pjtoa as he goes, leads the way to the
top. The others come along on toes
and fingers, using the rope as added
support. AS previously indicated, all
men in this training must qualify for
first man. After this they are given
d sort Of post graduate course in
climbing cliffs at night. At least two
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1943-08-26

There are two answers to these
questions, One is that the insurance
companies in the past ten years, and
particularly in the 1896 and 1910 cam
paigns, did not act with courage, in
telligence and unity to protect the
interests of their policyholders, be-
cause the direction of these compa-
MES is not altogether in the hands of
courageous and intelligent men. This
is not to say that there are not
among them men of courage and in
telligent. 1t is to say that those who
possessed these qualities were not able
to secure effective cooperation of their
colleagues in way to make a united,
impressive and convincing demonstra-
ton
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1943-08-26
Chif>Scaling
BY FRANK HENRY


How TO cIlmo SIfaIShl up lh' race
OF a cIlft on fingers ana toes al msh''
and the best way to drag big guns up
the steep, wooded sides OF mountains
these are among Ihe iealS lhe army
IS teaching thousands OF Its younger
soldiers m new maheuNef are" COM
pnsng more than TWO mILiion acres
IN i've OF West NlfS'''I" ) most
rugged counties
1t IS comparatINei| ne" phase o'
framing; II aims TO convey "'"uI!'f'I'.
1lghtlng training TO vast numbers Vi
soldiers Who when they return TO
their divisions VIII De 'oIe 10 SHOW NOV.
then comrades no" TO overcome o,I-
flcuItleS inherent III iIouil"'' "''''' :,
Inc Sci'ooiIiIA III 'i'' ''''''' ny "''''' w.
boulder Stre"n Valleys h'i'"o',''S
differs from th"t given '"e ,'Eu'"i
alpine troops IN inc "IS''e, iIo''>''.'
The soldiers there are taught no" 10
SKI ana 1ISht on I'e-'"PPe" P'''N'
Lo'ooo TO lo'oVO lee0 ABOVE Se' y ~ ~
where thefe is NIUE oA| gen an" an
phYSicaI acVIoI SLOWS "oM il ~ 90
much as one thlru ol ''oi ''i''I H'''''
I'uef ''0o0
Here IN the ohIE framing 0e'L''' "
It's klhd IN Il' h"S'' s''''iei > 00 ''0'
go much over 4'o0o IeoV '''',
Level ana jnG OnIN puA ItttCItOlI IL
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1943-08-26
THE GREAT
GAME OF
POLITICS
By FRANK R. KENT

Copyright by The Baltimore Sun and
reprinted in The Republican by
permission.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1943-08-26

The U. S. employment level in June
was set at G3,500,000,
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1943-08-26

The essential requirement in noun
tain tactics is that Of signals sent out
silently. Here is where the carrier
pigeon serves. Signal corpsmen scale
the high rocks, carrying two Gagged
pigeons strapped to their backs-a
weight Of fifteen pounds. These birds
are beset with peculiar dangers in
mountainous country: hawks are
prevalent; wind currents sweep up
the sides of mountains and drive them
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1943-01-29
Reuther Urges
48 Hour
Week
Outlines 4 Point
Program

DETROIT-A 4S-hour week in
the automotive industry is needed
to meet top production goals in
1943, Vice-President Walter P.
Reuther of the United Auto Work
ers (CIO) said Jan. II, outlining
a four-point program for the full
utilization of manpower and the
boosting of workers morale.
Uncoordinated manpower alloca-
ton, and not the 40-hour week
law, is holding down production,
Reuther asserted. His proposal
calls for the following:
/. Establishment of regulations
requiring all war plants to provide
full employmen of 40 hours per
week, which shall be raised within
60 days to a 48-hour week, with
time-and-a-half payment for over
time.
2. The immediate release to other
war plants, with full seniority pro-
lection, of all employees who cannot
be given full employment.
8. Initiation by government Of a
wage policy which will guarantee
40 hours pay week to employees
who work less than 40 hours
through no fault of their own; the
cost to be borne by government
when the short workweek is due To
material shortages, change of
schedules and specifications, etc,
and by management where they are
responsible.
4. An industry-wide wage agree
ment guaranteeing equal pay for
equal work.
Reuther pointed out that Gem
ployment of the 100000 war work
ers now. in Detroit area plants at
48 hours week would give war
industry in Detroit the equivalent
of 10000 new, trained workers for
year"
"No change in existing laws" he
said, NOR any new legislation
would be required to establish a
guaranteed 40 and then a 48-hour
week. Those who talk about re-
pealing the 40-hour laws are think
ing of wage cuts and not of in
creasing production"
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1943-01-29
Labor Bills Appear
Before Legislature

obviously pertains to discrimination
against Negroes in industry.
H. B. 13 (Huml) change
voting hourse from s a. m. to
$50 p. m. to 1880 a. m. to 1880
p. m.
H. B. 90 (Myers)-Relative to
the number of hours which shall
constitute a days work for EN-
ployees of the state. This bill has
to do with shortening the hours
of state welfare institution en-
ployees.
S. B. IA (Cramer-Hildebrand)
TO provide for the appointment
of seven-member commission to
survey the present building code
and recommend changes.
S. B. 40 (Cramer-H -Hildebrand
TO provide that workmen who
are required to wear rubber boots
in the course of their work and
should they contract rheumatism OF
arthritis thereby, the sickness
would be covered by the Work
mems Compensation law.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1943-01-29

Thomas Russell, financial Sec
retary of Local ID, UAW-CIO, was
named by the Toledo Industrial
Union Council to succeed Kenneth
Cole who has taken up his new du-
ties with the UAW-CIO War Pro
duction Board in Washington.
Prior to his present position,
Mr.. Russell was recording secre-
tary of Local ID for more than
11a years.
Mr.. Russell has been a resident
of Toledo for the past Is years
coming here from Pittsburgh in
1928 where he had been employed
in construction work. He became a
member of Local ID in 1885 and
has been active as a member and
officer of that union ever since.
Mr.. Russell was born and edu-
Gated in Bronson, Mich. He is mar
ried and lives at 2052 Fairfax Rd.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1943-01-29
Lima Loco
TO Vote
Continued from Page |

to go UAW, make no mistake a
bout that. Our fellows are sick and
tired of being kidded by the AT
Of l. and paying big dues to an
organization which gives us moth
ing but lot of empty promises.
Lima UAW-CIO leaders are ex-
pressing their confidence in the
outcome of the election and believe
that when the men are in the Sc
crecy of the voting place they viii
vote for union which is interest
ed in getting the workers the
things to which they are entitled
and which Locomotive Works em-
ployes all admit they have not been
getting under their past union
set-up.
Approximately $500 Lima Loco
motive Works employees are quail
fled to vote at the election on
Feb. 5.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1943-01-29
W.-O. Gets
ArmY-NavY "E"
Continued from Page


Gosser, and ended with the hope
that the soldiers would soon be
back, but in the meantime, "you
1.-THE soldiers) are doing your part,
and we Of Local II, UAW- -CIO, will
continue to do ours"
At the conclusion Of Director
Gosser's speech, a great ovation
went up from the assembled work
ers and continued for several
minutes.
Accepting the "E" pins for the
MESA was VIM. +. Truman, while
William Davis represented the
AFL workers in the plant. William
7. Furry and Mrs. Mary Winover
represented the UAW-CIO.
Following the presentation Of
the pins, the ceremonies ended with
the audience singing one verse of
America.
WSPD and WTOL, local radio
stations, mad recording of the
proceedings for rebroadcast, and
departments scattered throughout
the plant heard the talks by pub
lie address system set up in the
various departments.
Grove Patterson, editor of the
Blade, was chairman Of the meet
ing and introduced the speakers.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1943-01-29
Aufo-Lite
Tank Depot
Is Organized
UAW-CIO Membership
Growing

Membership is growing at the
Auto-Lite Tank Depot which has
been in process Of organizing for
slightly more than two months, ac-
cording to Harold Dean, Local II
organizer in charge Of the organi-
rational activities at the plant.
Organizational work will be in
tensified in the near future to sign
up a greater majority of the work
ers who are showing an increasing
interest in the UAW.
BY the time a NLRB hearing is
held, it is expected that most of
the workers in the plant will be-
long to the UAW-CIO or will have
signed pledge cards indicating their
intentions of joining.
Melvin Schultz, Local II presi-
dent, said today that badges had
been secured for CIO members at
the plant and that every one who
is member should wear the pins.
"We have very favorable reports
from the Tank Depot" said Presi-
dent Schultz" and we believe that
the NLRB hearing will result in an
election directive and that this
plant like the vast majority of the
other plants associated with the
automotive industry in Toledo will
become one Of our ever-growing
Units"
The Auto-Lite Tank Depot en-
ploys approximately 1000 workers
and is engaged in war industry.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1943-01-29
Western Union Workers
Get Million And A Holf
In Raises

WASHINGTON, Jan. % - The
National War Labor Board said
Jan. 20 that it granted 5,537 West
.ern Union workers in the New
York area raises totaling 1870 of
the payroll of Aug. 20 last. ut
will mean a million and half
dollars in raises" said San Drie-
sen, Washington representative of
the American Communications
Association (CIO), bargaining re-
preventative, "and represents a
real victory"
The WLB on Jan. Is had an
nounced the decision, but the pub
licity department misinterpreted
the order and corrected the an
nouncement Jan. 20.
The order prevents any general
increases for all members or for
all adult members other than mess
engers of more than SO. Individ-
ual raises will be negotiated by
the union and the company. This
will enable them to correct the ex-
treme inequities now existing. A
SO night differential also was
won.
In some cases, Driesen said, in
dividual wages of a much as 500
doubtless will be negotiated. These
largely concern old employees. He
cited examples of men of 40-years
experience working alongside 20
years men getting half as much as
the latter.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1943-01-29


took effect.
Only $3.50 miners still remained
away from work, and there was
every indication that they, too,
would be back in the mines soon.
Thus ended a strike which began
Dec. 80 and which in % days saw
every local in the anthracite indus
try here on strike-some for two
or three days and others for the
entire duration of the stoppage.
Only the No. 7 colliery of Sus-
quehanna Galleries Co., with 1000
employees, the Exeter local of the
Payne Coal Co., with 800 members,
and the Westmoreland local of the
Lehigh Valley Coal Co., with 75O
members, remained on strike past
the Presidents deadline, and the
Lehigh local was voting then on
going back.
RumbIings of New Action
But even as the men were re-
turning, there were rumblings Of
new action when the anthracite
agreement expires April 80. Then,
there is little doubt, the men will
insist on upward revisions Of
wages, which are now so low that
most miners get less than $50 a
week, many of them as little as
SIS when all deductions are taken
from their pay, including all the
costs of mining the coal they pro-
duce, even to the explosives.
Also, there was continuing talk
of formation of an independent
anthracite miners union, looked
upon by some miners as the first
step in returning to the CI0, from
which the United Mine Workers
withdrew at its last convention.
The strike first developed over the
convention action which increased
UNIV dues SOC and the employers
deduction of the extra half-dollar
from their pay despite the work
ing of the UNIV agreement which
had set actual amounts Of checked
off dues. AS the strike continued,
the dues issue became less impor-
tant as the real economic issues,
which had actually made the SOC
extra deduction loom so large,
came to the foreground.
Strike Hurts Labor
The UNIV emphasized repeated
ly that the strike was unauthor-
lied and finally UNIV District /
executive board added its order to
that Of Roosevelt: Miners not re-
turning by noon of jan Fl would
be expelled from the union. Worst
aspect of the strike was the seiz-
ure of it by poll tax and tory
forces in congress to pummel all
labor whose no-strike record had
previously offered little ammuni-
tion for anti-labor legislation.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1943-01-29

ale of American war workers at
topflight-and thus winning the
battle for production-over ma
tionwide radio hookup Jan. 10.
Insisting that without adequate
food, clothing and medical budgets"
war workers could not reach maxi
mum efficiency, the CIO president
said that 400 increases in food
prices alone made the Natl. War
Labor Boards Little Steel formula
inadequate and unfair"
Many Families Deprived
"Many low income workers
families are now deprived of the
food and other necessities they
need to be able to produce at top
efficiency" Murray said. "In the
interest of the war effort, the CIO
insists that the WLB reckon with
the necessity of meeting the needs
of war production through the up
ward adjustment of wage levels to
assure maximum efficiency of war
workers"
Murray said that immediate and
complete rationing of all food,
clothing and necessities of life and
rigid enforcement of price control
were essential to assure more liv-
ing necessities to many people who
aren't getting enough"
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1943-01-29
COURT FINDS ANA GUILTY

WASHINGTON (FP) - The
supreme court upheld the convic-
tion Of the American Medical
Assn. and the District Medical
Society on charges of restrain
ing the operations of Group
Health Assn, a medical CO.
operatOve, in violation of the
Sherman antitrust law.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1943-01-29
CIO War
Chest Reports
Sheet Elevator
Heads List

Richard Lazette, CIO War Chest
director in a recent letter to all
Unit chairmen of Local IL, UAW-
CIO, stated that reports of con-
tributions would be made each
month.
Mr.. Lazette explained that con-
tributing to the War Chest is con-
sidered year-round activity
among organized labor groups and
that the national committee for
American and Allied War Relief,
as we'll as the local CIO group is
strongly behind the War Chest
movement.
By making generous Chest con-
tributions to help wartime victims
and to improve conditions on the
war front, Mr.. Lazette explained,
members of Local II and all other
CIO units are demonstrating that
their group is as keenly patriotic
and liberal as any group in the
country.
In the latest report of War
Chest contributions from Local II
Units, Sheets Elevator heads the
list in the average gift division.
The average Chest gift in this
group amounted to $500 per men,
Der. UAW officers and office en-
ployes were second on the list,
with an average gift of $685..
Following is the listing of Local
IL Units ranked according to the
average gift per member. In many
instances, those contributing gave
substantial amounts; but the aver
age for an entire unit is consider
ably lower because many of the
members have not made any Chest
contributions up to the time the
list was compiled. The "Per Con-
tributor" column shows the average
gifts of those who contributed to
the Chest.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1943-01-29
VINO LOWERS LIMITS

WASHINGTON (FP) - Liberal
izing deferment standards for
farmers, the War Manpower Com
mission told local draft boards to
defer from military service men
producing as much as eight units
of essential production. In the past
the minimum had been 16.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1943-01-29
RIDERS GET LEAFLETS
BY Federated Press

NEW YORK - Carrying the
story of their efforts to keep New
Yorks vast transportation system
functioning by stabilizing wages
and thus stabilizing employment,
the Transport Workers Union
(CIo) is distributing million
leaflets to subway riders here. The
Board of Transportation and May
or Fiorello H. LaGuardia have re-
fused settlement of union demands.