davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-09-05
Continued From First Page J

tive meeting of representatives of
the three governments. Problems
relating to the occupation of Italy
and possible developments in the
Balkans are expected to be the chief
matters confronting the commits
sion. Russian semiofficial spokesmen
have criticized the operation of the
AMG (American Military Govern
ment), which is administering Sic
lily and presumably will administer
Italy, as "undemocratic."
Conversations leading up to the
prospective tri-partite conference
have been in progress in London for
several days between Ivan M. Maisky
former Soviet Ambassador to Great
Britain and now vice commisar for
foreign affairs: Anthony Eden,
British foreign secretary, and John
@. Winant, American Ambassador
to Great Britain. There has been
no suggestion either of time or
place
Want Stain to Confer.
1t seems certain that at such {
meeting, the Russian representative
would be impressed with the Amer.
ican and British point of view tina,
it is highly desirable that Premier
Stain be brought into conference
Some thought is that Mr.. Churchill
might undertake another trip t,
Evening star., 1943-09-05

Moscow as he did in August of last
year. The other Allies, as has been
made clear, appreciate the necessity
for Premier Stain to be in close
contact with the Russian military
operations, but are hopeful, never
theless, that he can be brought into
consultation.
Both the President and Prime
Minister are reported to feel that
relations with Russia offer no prob
lens which could not be surmount-
ed. Specifically, they are understood
to be undisturbed by the formation,
with Soviet approval, of a Free Ger
many Committee, composed of war
prisoners and political refugees in
Moscow. There had been sugges-
tions in some quarters in this coun-
try that Russia was following an
independent course so far as post
war Germany is concerned, but the
Roosevelt Churchill view is said to
be that the committee represents
chiefly an effort to divide the Ger
man people from their Nazi mas
ters.
Roosevelt and Churchill Firm.
At the same time, it is certain,
informed officials believe, that Rus
sia's demands for a second 'front.'
or frontal attack on Europe-will
not sway the battle plans of the
Americans and British. Mr.. Roose-
velt and Mr.. Churchill are satisfied
with the way their course is work
ing cut, and there will be no shift
Evening star., 1943-09-05
Roanoke Man Is Held
By Argentine Police
By the Associated Press.


BUENOS AIRES, Sept. 4-Davic
Matson, of Roanoke, the operation.
manager of Compania Electricidao
del Sur, was detained by police toda,
together with several other officers
OF the company after Argentine gov
eminent investigators raided their
offices and seized records,
Mr.. Matson, who is the highest
ranking American executive of the
American foreign power subsidiary,
is the only American citizen thus
far involved.
He was detained after he went TO
police headquarters to inquire into
the situation of the other company
chiefs who were picked up previous
ly. Later Mr.. Matson was permitted
TO return home and pack a bag pre-
paratory to spending the night at the
police department.
The American Embassy made in
qulries of the Foreign Ministry and
the consulate checked at police
headquarters in an effort to learn
the charges against Mr. Matson.
Thus far they had received no reply.
This is the first instance of police
action involving an American citi-
zen and an American-owned COM
pany IN the Argentine Governments
investigation of utility companies,
The heads of two European-con-
trolled companies previously were
detained.
Several weeks ago the government
ordered an investigation of Ameri-
can and British owned tire COM
panies, but the action thus far
has been limited to taking inven-
tories of their rubber stocks.
Evening star., 1943-09-05
Pigeons Save Lives Of Many FLYERS

Pigeons aren't fighters, but they
come in handy when your radio goes
| out.
They can't man machine guns
when trouble comes up, but when
something happens to the ship it's
| pretty nice to know that there's
someone along who can get home
under his own power and let them
know what happened to you.
Those are some of the opinions Of
Army Air Forces pilots-who think
of pigeons as pals-not as squads" i"
Pilots flying over the enemy ter
ritory and waters have a tough job
on their hands. Before our friend
Homer" joined the Air Forces, they
didn't have a $3.50 chance If
knocked down over the ocean. or
uninhabited territory. Now they've
got better than 80 per cent chance
of coming out.
Great Comfort To Flyers.
Take the case of Joe Doakes. Joe
flies bomber somewhere in the
South Pacific. Last year he was
flying out over hundreds of miles of
water, and knew that if he got shot
down, or ran out of gas, he might
not get back. Now things are diff
ferent.
When Joe goes up he makes sure
that he's got his pigeons along Now,
when he has to make a crash land
ing, all he has to do is write note,
fasten it to the pigeon, and send
him out the window.
In real emergencies he doesn't
even need to send a message. All
he has to do is toss Homer" out of
the window. When the pigeon gets
home, his permanent serial number
checked with flight records will tell
operations officers where to send
rescue ships.
When the Air Forces first began
to assign birds to fly with aircraft,
pilots were a bit peeved.
Figures Were Convincing.
Then they looked over figures
showing that more than 80 per cent
of all pigeon-carried messages
reach their destination. Now they
ACo11AS t1llO WllC1l bllCy 1 41y1llA OuL
over the Pacific they've got q mate
along that can pull them out of a
lot of trouble.
Maj. Thomas MacClure has been
director of the AAF Pigeon Service
since its inception.
An old pigeon fancier, he used
the birds at one time to help him
in mining venture. He used to
take pigeons out prospecting in
Central Canada. When he'd find
a suitable claim, whether any one
else had found it or not, he'd send
a pigeon back with the message and
would get title to the ore, by getting
there first.
Homing pigeons, which can fly as
far as 1000 miles, are speedy birds.
They loaf along at 80 or 40 miles per-
hour under normal conditions, but
can fly at 75-mile clip with little
encouragement and a strong tail
wind.
These homing pigeons are in
Evening star., 1943-09-05
Paper Salvage Drive
To Be Started Sept. 1S
In Southeast Area

Every southeast Washington
householder will be given an oppor-
tunity to contribute to the paper
salvage program starting September
Is, when trucks comb the area.
Collections are scheduled in the
southeast on the third Saturday in
each month.
Loose paper cannot be used
James E. Collifower, chairman of
the Washington Salvage Committee,
said yesterday Persons who put
out paper which the truck fails to
pick up should call Republic 848S.
A total of 10 trucks has been
assigned to paper collection in
southeast Washington, Washington
Highlands, Congress Heights, Barry
Farm, Garfield, Anacostia, Randall
Highlands, Hillcrest and Summit
Park. North Randall, Bradbury
Heights and Marshall Heights,
which includes central northeast.
Each truck is expected to have
five boys to help collect the paper.
4 wv poyo WILL Ull dItCdd "a bIlE
truck to tell householders the truck
is in the neighborhood.
Mr.. Collif1ower said that 27.500
copies of the paper salvage CAM
paign instructions have been dis
tributed, together with collection in
structions to the II area salvage
chairmen of southeast Washington.
In southwest Washington. COL
lections will be made on the fourth
Saturday of each months the first
being scheduled for September Is.
In northeast Washington, collection
day will be the first SATURDAY. of
each month, the first collection
scheduled for October 2 In north
west Washington, October 9 will be
the date of the first collection, and
collections will be made on the
second Saturday of each month
thereafter.
j. E. Doran, scoutmaster of Boy
Scout Troop "a, has told the Sal
wage Committee that he has en-
listed As Boy Scouts to help with
the campaign. Last year these bows
collected more than 100000 pounds
of. waste paper, Mr.. Doran said.
Evening star., 1943-09-05
DC. Auto Registration
Drops 10 Per Cent
During Fiscal Year

A 10 per cent drop In District
motor-vehicle registration during
the last fiscal year was reported
Yesterday by Traffic Director Will
liam A. Van Duzer.
Mr.. Van Duzer informed the Conn
missioners in his report that new
auto registration for the year end
ed June 80 totaled 142,5e4. COM
pared with 176,l76 for the ls4I-2
period.
A decline in the number of driv-
ers' permits has also been recorded.
according to MIR. Van Duzer. Only
70,978 permits, including new
licenses. renewals and duplicates,
were issued last year. In the previ-
Gus year 87,981 had been issued.
Driver-permit examinations fell
of 43 per cent, according to Mr..
Van Duzer's report. In the last year
only 43,432 persons applied for these
tests. compared with 1922 in 1912.
Contrary to the trend In most di-.
visions OF the Traffic Department,
the Board Of Revocation and Res
toration of Operators Permits re-
ported that suspensions and revo-
cations against motorists totaled
4,374 for the last fiscal year as
against 1922 for the year before.
Edward r. Deane, secretary Of
the board, said the incease was due
to violations of the wartime as
mile-an-hour speed limit, plus In
fractions committed by people un-.
familiar with Washington safety
regulations.
Inspections at Washington's two
motor-vehicle inspection stations
dropped IL per cent, to a total of
245,65o or 34,726 less than the
previous year, 1t was said.
Evening star., 1943-09-05

of life among plane crews forced
down in the North Atlantic.
You'd think it impossible for pig
Quoted into the Army at the age OF
five days, when an aluminium band
is placed around one leg.
Then Homer" sits around and
waits till he gets enough feathers
to fly. When the sergeant thinks
that he's been indoctrinated with
Army routine, he is given Army fly
ing lessons.
After practcing for sevearl weeks
Homer gets to the point where he
can fly 300 or 400 miles in one day.
Then, for what he thinks is re-
ward, he is taken up in an airplane.
Being well skilled in his ground
work, Homer finds that it's amaz-
ingly easy to fly from a plane. In
practically no time he's able to bail
out from ships reaching 400 miles
per hour and can get home without
ruff1ing feather. He's not only a
speed demon, but high attitudes
don't even bother him.
Released at $4,000 Feet.
"Homers" have been released from
as high as $4,000 feet, and in tenn
peratures ranging from go degrees
below zero to 120 above. Yet they
nearly always come home good as
new.
Even pigeons have their nemesis,
however. It's not climatic, but a
great danger to pigeon communi-
cation.
Worst enemes to the birds, and
most hated by pigoneers, are birds
of prey. Homer doesn't have q
chance when hawk or falcon
swoops down on him.
In England 1t was necessary for
soldiers to slaughter thousands OF
priced falcons on the coast of Do
Yer, because they were preying on
the pigeons, and causing high loss
Evening star., 1943-09-05
Postwar
Continued From First Page)

down under the mental strain of
service life, some with heart con-
ditions, asthma or ulcers. A num-
ber are 50 being discharged under
the Army's new plan to abolish
limited service.
In two respects, these men con-
stitute a different problem from
those who will return to civilian
life after the war. On the one
hand, many have physical limi-
tations, although these may not be
handicap on civilian jobs. On
the other hand, there are now
plenty of jobs.
Two Objectives in View.
The agencies working in the pres
ent with view to general demobili-
zation day are aware that the labor
market may contract sharply after
the war but they are setting up
their machinery with these two OBJ
jectives:
- AZ SCU CFCly NCUSi dll UdCk vi
his old job or into a new one.
@ To see that the veterans get
vocational rehabilitation so that they
can be placed on jobs.
Several of the agencies now pre-
pairing for rehabilitation have lust
started. Some have super-imposed
the problems of veterans of this
war on what they had been doing
for veterans of the last war.
Relatively few veterans need as
sistance now in finding jobs. The
labor market is wide open. At pres
ent the main job of the agencies is
to get organized, to expand to keep
up with the demands of returning
servlcemen and to iron out the wrin-
kles that might throttle the back
to-jobs flow.
Groups Are Listed.
An overall postwar agency later
may coordinate the efforts of the
present services to veterans but at
the present time here are the groups
now involved in the picture:
Selective Services Re-empIov-
ment Division-Set up by Congress
Evening star., 1943-09-05
1ydings Urges Allies
To Sign Open Treaties
As Bar 10 Future War
BY ]. A. O,LEARY.

Expressing hope the war will be
over by the end of 1914, Senator
Tydings, Democrat, of Maryland
last night urged the United States,
Great Britain, Russia and China to
unite in open treaties to prevent an
other conflict.
There Is every reasonable hope,
based on present-day happenings,
that hostilities will be over by the
end Of next year, barring misfor-
tune" said the Marylander.
When you consider the differ
ences in forms of government, ira
ditions, race, language, climate and
other factors, Russia, Great Britain,
China and the United States have
fought this war with minimum
OF friction and disagreement, and
with astounding unity" the Senator
continued.
Postwar Union Urged.
"In view of this commonalty of
aim, sacrifice and contribution,
there is natural bond which should
incline each of these four nations,
after hostilities, to keep some union
for the preservation of peace.
1T Is true that opposition to the
Axis powers has drawn these four
countries together; that is, they have
been fighting against something
rather than for something in the
strict sense of the word. There is no
reason-their postwar aims being
reasonably mutual-why they can
not be put into treaties, openly ar
rived at and designed to prevent a
recurrence OF the last four years of
worldwide slaughter.
"Over and above everything else,
the people of the world will hope for
bar on future wars of aggression.
That must come first. 1t will largely
remain for the leaders at the peace
table to evolve the plan by which
this desired result may best be eff
fected. If such plan fails, the al
tentative would be for all the pow
erful nations to stay heavily armed
prepared for war at whatever cost it
entails.
Alternatives Outlined.
Security against future war is
the hope of the world, and that
security can obviously only be OBJ
tanned, If the nations separate, by
each preparing to the maximum
on the one hand, or by some sound
and workable arrangement between
the nations which will offer promise
OF security, on the other"
Soon after Congress reconvenes
September IA, the Senate Foreign
Relations Committee is expected to
consider several pending resolu-
tions, proposing varying degrees of
international cooperation to pre-
serve the peace. Senator Tydings
indicated he was expressing his
general objective, without comment
ing on any particular resolution
He made it clear he believes the
formula will have to be worked out
at the peace table.
Evening star., 1943-09-05

orchestra at its weekly rehearSalS
predict that the Capital will be sur
prised and delighted at the result.
Meanwhile, Mr.. Mailer still is
recruiting players, and additions are
held each week before the rehearsal.
He hopes to find other performers
as excellent as the bassoon player
who also can ripple off concertos
on the piano, or the oboe player who
does so we'll Both toll at Federal
desks and follow music as an avoca-
ton.
For five years, Mr.. Mailer was
conductor of the government-spon-
sored symphony orchestra in Cop
enhagen, Denmark, but this, of
course, was in the years before Hitler
took over the little kingdom and
enkindled the fires of resentment
which have been burning fercely the
last few days.
Mr. Mailer was impressed with
how staunchly such small country
Evening star., 1943-09-05

Cape Bon, and the transports
evidently were flying from Sicily
into Tunis.
I'VE were leading the formation
and we turned to see If we could
shoot some Of them down. Their
fighter escorts came in fast and one
German put that bullet through our
plane. He was shot down. I think
1t was our gunner who got him"
The bullet came through the side
OF the plane, hit 1t. Taylor in the
right thigh first, passed through
and pierced his left thigh, close to
the bones. An extra pilot happened
to be in the bomber, Capt. william
Pound, one of the Toxic raiders.
and he, with 1t. Hughes, pulled
Taylor back into the plane.
Tourniquets Applied.
They moved swiftly to apply
tourniquets, for 1t. Taylor was los
ing lots Of blood. 1t felt like a
couple Of terrific Charlie horses. !"
according to the lieutenant's de-
scription-but the pain was soon
countered with morphine admins
tered by the first-aid crew.
The American bombers had ac-
counted for about 10 of the Junkers
before their fighter escort swept in
and downed the rest. Then came a
two-and-a-half hour flight home
which was marked by brush with
German ME-109's, but 1t. Taylor
is unable to remember much about
1t. He was lying with his legs up
IN the cockpit and his head in the
navigator's compartment wondering
how serious his injuries would prove
to be. 1t was question which was
to remain unanswered until he
reached Washington this month.
The surgeon who operated on his
legs the other day informed him
that the nerves had not been sew
cred as 1T had been feared.
They were just tangled up in
the scar tissue" 1t. Taylor said. "I1
the war is still going on I expect
to be back in service in about q
year."
One Of 1t. Taylor's three broth
ers, 1t. Goodwin Rhett Taylor, Is 9
Navy flyer; another, Pvt. B. Walter
Taylor, is getting air training a
Greensboro, N. c.; and the third
PFC. Edward c. Taylor, is studyin,
engineering at the University O
Maine.
Their mother, Mrs. B. F. Bentley
lives at Garden City, L. I.
Evening star., 1943-09-05

oneers to pick up and move their
charges any distance, without losing
them next time they were released
Pigeons have bird brains," though
and are easily deluded by their
handlers.
Pigeon service men take the origi-
nal loft with them when they move
The pigeons, finding that they're
still at home, don't mind a few
bumps and jolts. When they reach
their destination, handlers place
them in an open-sided observation
cage for a short time. After starv-
ing Homer" and his pals for a
while, they let a few of them out
just before dark. When night falls
and the other pigeons are fed, the
ones outside are glad to come home
This hunger system keeps them
coming back If they're given a
chance to accustom themselves to
their surroundings.
Handlers must be very careful In
moving Homer. If they make any
false moves, he'll get mad and head
for his birthplace. One time an en-
tire flock picked up and few across
the Atlantic, after careless treat
ment.
Flew Into Star Office.
just this week a carrier flew into
The Star editorial rooms. A call
to the AAF Pigeon Service disclosed
that it belonged to Ft. Meade, had
been taken to South Carolina, got
ten mad, and decided to come home
Pigeons may be prima donnas
but at this point Air Force men are
willing to put up with a few idiosyn-
crasies. A few months ago they
damned "brass hats" for unloading
the feathered crew on them, but the
boys who've crashed and then been
saved by pigeons will go all out fol-
them.
Evening star., 1943-09-05
Fritz MuhIer Renews Drive
For Victory Symphony Players

supported music. There was his
symphony of 110 men, giving con-
certs the year around; an opera
company running IL months in the
year, with noted soloists brought in
frequently; a great chorus for any
occasion. He gave, in addition to
frequent public performances, many
radio programs, and was not troubled
by having to play down" to the
taste Of commercial sponsors, since
the government footed the bill.
Coming to this country from Den
mark in 1885, Mr.. Mailer at once
began to conduct extensively. He
directed the Columbia Symphony
Orchestra, the Philadelphia La Scala
Opera Co. and the Boston Symphony,
and he conducted Mozart festival
at Duniovin, Conn. Mr.. Mailer
married an American girl, Miss
Pauline Koner, a concert dancer.
One of his most interesting ex-
periences, Mr. Mailer relates, was
during 1910 and 1941 when he was
director of the music department of
the New York City National Youth
Administration. He had two or
chestras, two choruses and a wealth
of talent in composition and as
soloists. His musicians performed
for the first time such outstanding
American compositions as Paul
Creston's First Symphony and Nor
ton Gould's Latin-Americaa SYM
phonietta.
Back of his American experience
lay an extensive European novitiate.
He conducted orchestras in Vienna,
Warsaw, Stockholm and many other
cities. He studied composition with
two famous modernist composers,
Alban Berg and Arnold Schonberg
At present he teaches conducting
and opera at the Julliard School of
Music in New York.
Evening star., 1943-09-05
HOUSING
Continued From First Page.)

w oulio aoolIlonal temporary hous-
Ing units because of the present
shortage of materials, it is pro-
posing that all future public hous-
ing be built to last, he said.
Until it is given money for addi-
tlonal housing, the NCHA's hands
are tied, MIR. Ihlder pointed out.
No contracts can be let, nor any
sites contracted for.
Sites Not Disclosed.
For this reason, he explained, the
sites tentatively selected for the
NCHA's proposed housing develop
ments cannot be disclosed. 1t is
known, however, that the authority
contemplates the reclamation of
considerable slum areas, including
Kings Court in the Northwest sec
ton and several smaller areas that
have been described as "rot spots
in otherwise good neighborhoods. !"
1t was also learned that the Com
missioners, along with representa-
tives Of the NCHA, Highway Direc-
tor H. G. Whitehurst, Mai. John
Blake Gordon, director of sanitary
engineering for the District, and
Assistant Engineer Commissioner
Joseph D. Arthur, jr., on Tueday will
make an inspection of two areas
where 1t Is proposed to buy sites for
low-cost housing.
Because the NCHA has no as
surance what conditions will be
when materials are available for the
proposed housing construction, no
architectural plans have been made
for the projected housing. New
York City has employed architects
and is obtaining options on sites,
but Mr.. Ihlder considers that from
Washington's standpoint this is
"wasteful procedure"
The local program will be kept
elastic" for project will be drawn
only when the authority is ready to
begin building, Mr.. Ihlder said.
Would Replace 10000 Homes.
The NCHA program contemplates
the eventual demolition and re-
placement of about 10000 old dwell
ings, which Mr.. Ihlder estimates
now house more than 100000 per-
sons.
First step in the program will be
request to Congress for appropria-
ton of $5,000000 for NCHA work
This request, Mr.. Ihlder said, may
be introduced into Congress through
Chairman Randolph of the House
District Committee, but eventually
Will have to come through the
House Appropriations Committee.
Before Congress recessed for sum-
mer vacation, Mr.. Randolph pre-
dlcted that a bill calling for addi-
tional loW-cost housing here would
be introduced in the House this fall.
Meanwhile preliminary arrange
ments are under way for the con-
struction of 5000 new family hous-
ing units for Negroes, which were
authorized for the Washington area
last week by the National Housing
agency.
OF the 1000 units which are to be
publicly financed, the NCHA prob
ably will construct TAO units, which
will be located in the District and
nearby Maryland, it was indicated
today by spokesman for the office
of Oliver c. Winston, region No. 3
director for the Federal Public Hous-
ing Authority. The remaining 26O
Governmentfnanc units will be
located in nearby Virginia and likely
will be erected by the Alexandria
Housing Authority, it was said.
The regional FPHA Office said sites
are now in the process of being Sc
lected and that the first of the units
are expected to be ready by jan
uary Is.