davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-09-20
Diplomacy Matched
Military Operations

These military operations were
staged against background Of
diplomatic negotiations through
which speedy cessation of French
resistance was sought. Both Gen.
Charles de Gaulle leader Of the
Fighting French. and Gen. Henri
Giraud. who had escaped from
Germany :, to France and then
from France to Gibraltar, broad
cast pleas for French Co-opera-
ton when our operations started
Gen Eisenhower had announced
that Gen Giraud would be re-
SpOnSlble for civil and military af-
fairs IN North Africa. but the
French military officials on the
ground were found to be loyal TO
Marshal Petain'S government.
President ROoSCvelt'S' note 10
the French chief of state had as
Sured Marshal Pctain Of our de
sire for a liberated France but
the Nichy answer was diSappoint-
ing.
our ambassador was handed
his passports on Nov 9 and orders
were dispatched from Nichy 10
French African units to resist
our forces which by then had al
ready accomplished their mis-
SionS, except on the CaSablanca
front
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-09-20
Turn On the Spotlight

IT HE second current court-martia at Sefridge Field
concerned with charges against 1t Col. Charles
Whe-shows promise of bringing light nasty practices
and shocking violations of military procedure that have
been rumored around Detroit for more than a year.
Allegations include civilian influence obtained by
favors if not downright brbes which succeeded get
ting soft jobs for lot of young Detroters who wanted
to be classed soldiers and uniforms but stay
safely away from the perils of war.
Apparently most Of these phoney soldiers didn't
to like soldiers in the snug confines of Seridge
They wanted and allowed enough free time they
could carry their regular civilian business enterprises
while posing patriots in uniform.
1t Is hearteing that the present court martial com-
posed entirely of different officers than those CON
Quoted the Coman COURT appears determined to get at
the bottom of these grave charges
They should be threshed out relentlessy and thor
oughly If they proven true the offenders should be
punished promptly and drastcally
Otherwise a national military scandal Of major pro-
portions is inevitable
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-09-20
Darlan's Presence
Learned by Accident

Unexpectedly, Adm. Jean Oar
Ian, Petain'S designated successor.
and commander in chief of all
French forces, was found to be
in AlgierS visiting a sick son
when our forces landed
He was taken into protective
custody and when il was found
that the French leaders stood
loyal to the Nichy government. a
series Of conferences Immediately
followed with the purpose of call
ing a halt 10 the French resist
ance against Gen Patton'S task
force in the vicinity OF Casa
blanca.
When on the morning Of Nov.
IT. the Germans invaded UnoCcu-
pied France Darlan rejected the
pSeudO-independent NiChy govern
ment. assumed authority in North
Africa IN the name Of Marshal
Petain. and promulgated an order
10 all French commanders IN
North Africa TO cease hoStilltieS.
This order reached CaSablanca
a few minutes before the assault
on that city was 10 be launched
on the early morning of Nov. II.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-09-20
Bond Sale Will Fail
Unless You Buy One

OFFICIAILY and according TO tahulated figures the
w S. Treasury Third War Bond campaign will be
q success. w., IH/
Actually though and measured by the patriotic spirit
on which is based the campaign Will be failure unless
EVERY INDIVIDUAL,WHO is ABLE PARTICIPATES
IN 1T.
In other words the bond campaign will not be
success so far YOU concerned unless YOU buy
extra bond.
That is the real purpose Of this campaign to make
every citizen Of the United States active PARTICIPANT
in the war effort
That is the meaning Of the slogan Back the Attack.
DACK the Attack doesn't signify merely that
ID civilians to stand the sdeines and cheer the
magnificent achievements of our and brothers fight
ing in hostile lands and on the and the air over
those lands.
Back the Attack is a more definite ralying cry than
that TO US.
II is a demand that really assist fighting
by lending money of pockets to buy guns and
planes and tanks and ships for them.
Ii is demand that we become civilian army in
fact rather than rhetorical theory and that ALL OF
Us belong to that supporting civilian army.
few hundred big corporations would be glad to
subscribe the full quota of this third bond drive but
that's the idea. The idea is that every of have
little part of IL
Therefore in Detroit the drive will fail unless every
of us who can, buys bonds
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-09-20
March Overland
British and Yanks

As soon as French collabora-
ton was assured the leading Gle
mentS OF the British First Army.
including A few of the American
units which had landed al AlgierS.
embarked for a movement
eastward to Bougie, where they
landed on Nov. IL
An overland march Immediately
followed and Bone was occupied
the following day by two con
panieS OF British parachutlSts and
a commando unit which arrived
by sea
On Nov. l.. orders were issued
for the movement Of French
troops then al AlgierS and Con
Stantlne 10 protect the southern
flank Of the American and Brit
ISL units which were now advanc-
ing into TuniSia along the coastal
corridors crossing the frontier.
The French units were rein
forced with American troops. IN
Guiding tank destroyer units. and
one Of their assigned missions was
the protection Of advance airfieLdS
IN the TebeSSa-GafSa area.
Meanwhile. our air units hac
moved into eastern Algeria anC
we're rendering support 10 oul
columns from inadequate or i'm.
proviSed airfieldS, despite short
ages in gasoline and the grea,
difficulty OF supply
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-09-20
Welcome, but Tardy

THANK goodness the state liquor control commission
has sat up and rubbed its eyes and decided to do
something about the Detroiters being showed
around and cheated and imposed upon generally by brew
and saloon keepers and virtually everybody else who
sells them alcoholic beverages
According to regulations announced yesterday
all saloons cafes and similar establishments selling by the
drink must post lists which cannot exceed the price
charged in March of 1912 except mixed drinks which
cannot be higher than the price charged last April.
Brewers must establish equitable quotas based
past sales to all their wholesale and retail customers
Michigan.
Beer truck drivers must stop ignoring certain egiti-
mate customers because certain other customers slip them
little graft to get than their fair quota of beer.
IF THESE rules enforced it will be good start
/ ward honest and sensible administration of the liquor
industry in Michigan.
If they not enforced the short sighted chselers
who have been shaping the legitimate liquor business into
racket fast they could will awake fine day to
find prohibition re-esabshed here and it will be their
stupid fault and the fault of the consuming public of
Michigan who have submitted to gougng patiently
you'd think they liked it.
While they about it, incidentally the liquor
mssoners should try to stop export of Michigan beer and
import of beer from other states This shabby petty
larceny trick to the profit up at the of the
consuming public 1t should not be difficult to stamp
out Transportation facilities being overloaded they
at present telephone call to Washington from the
liquor commission ought TO turn the trick.
Also the commission, if its tardy indignation is sin
cere, should invoke its big trump of license revoca-
ton. Liquor dealers who violate liquor laws deserve
consideration They shouldn't get off lightly Their
licenses should be revoked
They should be barred permanently from the indus
try they trying their greedS best to ruin
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-09-20

postwar will promote discus
sion which will shake the
country, not only diverting lis
attention from the war, but
promoting public diSunity
If either the administration
or the Republicans took de-
termIhed stand in any specific
direction. the best war interests
of the country would not be
served.
Unofficial debate serves
healthy purpose in sitting ideas
for weighed truth, but official
discussions would start a fight.
4 s MATTERS now stand on
~ both sides of the fence, the
strong advocates Of special
methods on both sides can be
kept to their unofficial knitting.
If this wholesome but unSaIS-
factory to many condition can
prevail IN the coming Senate
discussions over the Ball-Bur-
ton-Hatch-IIill pressure group,
an uproar there can also be
avoided.
Obviously, the Senate adj
miniStration leaders do not
want acrimonious debate.
The problem of the Demo-
cratic leadership. just like the
Republicans at Mackinac is 10
devise a declaration which Will
sound all right, but will not
open up a big fight over future
foreign policy
The matter Of drawing up in
determinate stat q me n IS of
policy is like writing a plat
form for a political convention.
No one remembers what was
in a platform week after its
carefully chosen words are an
nounccd, sometimes not even
the candidates.
The important thing i'm con-
veutionS is the personality Of
the candidate. which cannot be
reduced 10 words.
The Importance of these post
war declarations likewise will
rest upon individual personals
ties, expressed in detailed action
rather than phrases.
Distributed hy King Features Synd Inc.
Reproduction In whole or in part
strictly prohibited.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-09-20
Military Prepares
for Civil Affairs

Throughout military opera
tionS in foreign territory orderly
civil administration must b.
maintained. In anticipation ot
this function. the war depart
ment established in May. 1912.
a school of military government
AT Charlottesville. Va, designed
20 train army officials for these
important functions
ALSO. in order 10 establish
policies and plan for the CO.
ordination of civilian activities
IN occupied territories a war de-
partment civil affairs division
was established on March J..
lq43. This division. acting in
collaboration with other govern
ment agencies involved co-ordl-
mates civil affairs IN areas
occupied by the United Nations
IN combined operations.
In general. estahhSheds poll
CieS contemplate the preServa-
ton OF lines Of communication
and channels Of supply. the pre-
vention and control Of epidemics.
the restoration Of war produc-
ton and whatever steps are
possible 10 transform liberated
peoples into effective fighting
allies
plans for military operations
also anticipate the furnishing Of
relief and supplies for the popu-
latiOnS OF the areas occupied.
tt'or example, army stock
piles were accumulated IN North
Africa in anticipation Of the oc-
cupation of Sicily These sup
Plies included flour. sugar milk.
olive oil, meat, medicine and
soap.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-09-20
Gen. Giraud Named
Commander in Chief

The North African government
was rc-orientcd and brought into
close collaboration with the
United Nations under a proviS-
ional government headed by Adm
Darlan, with Gen Giraud as com
mander in chief Of the French
ground and air units.
Subsequently, French West
Africa. under Gov. Gen. Pierre
BoiSSon announced ift adherence
10 the Darlan regime, bringing to
the Allied cause additional naval
power and trained ground units
and making Immediately possible
a short air route from the United
States 10 the North African bat
tie front.
Cordial relations were quickly
established with the Sultan Of
Morocco. Later il was possible
10 convince Gen OrgaE, high
commissioner of Spanish Morocco.
that the American forces contem-
plated no action against Spanish
territory.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-09-20

Sunken ships, wharfs and docks
repaired, neglected and slender
lines of rail communication had
TO be developed TO carry heavy
traffic, anti-submarine patrols or
gained 10 protect our sea routes
in the Mediterranean. the civil
population had TO be- provided for
and its economy started on the
road to reconstruction. French
troops in North Africa had TO be
equipped, our forces had 10 be
disposed to prevent a successful
AXIS thrust through Spain, and
finally and most, important of all,
our forces had TO close with the
enemy in TuniSia TO effect his
destruction in North Africa.
The rapid extension of the of
fenSIVe eastward was facilitated
by the expeditions landing al Al
gierS resulting from French CO.
operation.
Our forces had suffered com
paratively few casualties in this
particular landing and as quickly
as logistical support could be pre-
pared they were headed towards
TunlSia.
1t was apparent that a strate-
gical surprise had been effected
Tunisia was lightly garrisoned
by the French.
Far to the east, the German
Afrika korps and the accompany
ing Italian forces had been hurled
back from FL AlameIn position by
Gen. Sir Bernard Montgomery!
Eighth Army few days prior L
I the landings.
Despite the manifest diftlcultie,
of supply. the immediate occupa
ton Of TuniSia appeared manda
/ tory.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-09-20
Play Ball. Meant
Enemy Resistance

A code signal play ball" was
10 be broadcast 10 the entire force
at the first hostile act on the part
OF the French in any sector, as a
warning TO initiate vigorous Of
fenSiVe action.
At the moment the landings in
Algeria began, at l o'clock on the
morning of Nov. s. President
Roosevelt assured the French peo-
pie by short wave radio that the
Allies sought no territory and
asked for French cooperation.
The Spanish government was
also informed at this time that
the occupation was in no way
directed against Spanish Morocco
or other Spanish possessions in
Africa.
The landings were carried out
in accordance with plans and With
boldneSS and efficiency which
secured the initial detectives. the
major airfieldS and ports in north
Africa, within a period of as
! hours.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-09-20
Casablanca Meeting
Produced Big Plans

I'm January, 1943, a Today
conference was arranged be-
tween the President. the prime
minister and the combined chiefs
Of staff, together with a number
OF subordinate officials.
while the decisions arrived
at cannot now be disclosed, il
Is permissible 10 state that An
agreement for the operation
against Sicily was reached and
the logistical arrangements were
Immediately started.
The plans for air and other
operations IN northwestern Eu-
rope were reviewed and con-
firmed. An understanding was
re h d regarding increased
supplies for China and a series
of operations in the Pacific COM
mencing with the capture Of
Attu Island Al the westernmost
tip OF the Aleutians Tsuccess-
fully completed on May 81 10
be followed by simultaneous
operations in the south and
southwest Pacific NOV under
wayl
CThe conference covered Stra-
tegic pl ans throughout the
world, A careful breakdown Of
ship tonnage allotments. convoy
movements, naval dispositions.
etc.
cat the Casablanca confer
ence it was agreed that the
United States would equip the
French divisions which could be
formed from units then in
North Africa Arrangements
were made TO expedite the ship
ment Of this equipment.
The primary difficulty has
been lack Of transportation due
10 the urgency Of requirements
for American troops fighting IN
the theater. Excellent progress
has been made in this matter
and The French divisions are be-
coming an effective reinforce
ment as rapidly as they are
equipped and trained IN The
technique OF the new weaponA
French air and naval units are
included IN the program
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-09-20
Germans Display
Much Resistance

Immediately following the land
ingS in north Africa, Axis forces
were rushed INTO TunSia by sea
and air.
As early as Nov Is our advanc-
ing troops encountered German
patrols so miles west Of TuniS
The leading units OF the British
First Army, with American rein
fOrcementS. reached Mediez-el-
Bah 30 miles southwest Of TuniS.
on Nov . and took possession Of
the airfield at Djedeida on
Nov. IS.
Farther 10 the south. Allied
units reached Pont du FahS and
American parachute troops were
operating in the Sbeltla-Gafsa
area s.,
Axis resistance steadily in
creased. with intensified mechsn-
lied and artillery activity
Our advance on the station De
Jefna, 81 miles southwest of BIZ
Zerte, was repulsed on Nov. so.
Strong ANS counterattackS
with tanks forced Allied with
drawalS from Tebourba, but Sim
liar enemy aggressive action NJ
rected against Mediez-el-Bab was
successfully resisted
The short and easily maintained
air and sea lines Of communica-
ton between Sicily and TuniSia
permitted the rapid buildup Of the
Axis forces.
The nearest ports Of Allied
entry at Bone and Philippevllle
were OF very limited capacity.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-09-20
Quick Questions

Where in this country is a
Japanese bell nng IN ceRe-
bration of a victory over the
army?
2-Who was the British prime
minister preceding ChurChill:
Hoare. Chamberlain, Bald
win. Lloyd George?
3-LargeSt country in our
hemisphere is United States,
Canada. Brazil. Argentina
a -You've heard Casey at the
Bat, How many were on
base when Casey struck
out?
5-Right or wrong (a) Tutuila
is the oldest Limited States
foreign possession; tbl The
Pope asked that Rome be
bombarded ?
GA minister s son became the
twenty-hTSt president of the
United States. Sept. 20. 1881,
only three years after he was,
forced 10 resign as collector
of the port, the only public
office he held before going
10 Washington, He was the
first president TO foster a
permanent. up-to-date navy.
His name?
7 Is a hebdomadal operation
something you could have
every week?
S-What three figures multi
piled by four make five?
ANSWERS on Opposite Page
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-09-20
knowledge Test
BY DIR. sABINA II. connolly

What songs first Stanza
ends (aJ Nearer 10 Thee
Ch) And Alice lies under
the stone CO. HIS truth
is marching on >
What Is this city famed for.
fal Montgomery. Ala. thi
Leadville Colo; tcl Warm
Springs, Ga
Finish these proverbs CAB
Empty wagons make roc
most I'D. Ohl Fat hens
lay few ..... tcI 80
good And n YOU cant be
good be .......
i. PHI tho blank can Victoria
Falls. Rho6esIa Was dis
COZ cred hy .....s tbI Tho
..... Of yellow tone %a-
tionsl Park are known a..
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-09-20
Enemy Possessed
All-Weather Fields

The enemy's greatest ady7n-
tage. however. lay IN the posses
sion of all weather airfieldS, as
the development Of the RAINY sea-
son for time rendered fighter
plane support OF our advance
troops impossible
Difficulties of supply become so
serious that active operations
were practically suspended IN
early December
Meanwhile the enemy rapidly
reinforced his positions which
assumed the character OF bridge
head protecting the Bizertc-TuniS
area and extending southwark 10
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-09-20

Despite the negotiations which had been carried on
with few French officials preceding the American nva
of North Africa in November 1922 the amount of
resistance which the landing forces would encounter
NAMED probematical
Gen. Eisenhower broadcast proclamation of our
friendly intentions toward French North Africa and in
sruced the French forces to display certain signals to
dictate their nonresstance.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-09-20
BY PAUL MALONE:
BY PAUL MALL ON:
Debate on athers Draft
Fills Vital War Jobs
BY PAUL MALLON

uASHINGTON, Sept. %
w The answer TO this father
draft business may be found in
official figures not frequently
mentioned or stressed.
The army wants only 10000
fathers 10 fill out its program
for a 100 600 man army Jan. l.
If il did not get the fathers
il would still have a 1854, 900
man army, which Is quite lot
OF army.
But not less an army author
ity than war Under Secretary
Patterson has announced that
war plants must have 100000
more men IN the same period,
namely before the end of the
year.
This obviously is a bigger if
not more pressing need, on its
face apparently more vital than
the army need, because men
cannot fight without equipment.
The current agitation on the
father draft subject is naturally
diving fathers into the war
plants where they can obtain
delerment.
No one can prove that the
controversy has been kept at its
fever pitch on the front pages
solely for the purpose of effect
ing that result.
At the same time, no one can
deny that this is the main re-
suit of the controversy so far.
IN OTHER words, the threat
Il OF draft is accomplishing the
administrations purpose OF get
ting men voluntarily into war
industry. and. as long as they
can keep this pressure going,
they will serve a purpose which
seems more important than the
gathering Of $4,000 fathers for
slightly larger army.
Thus the tan actually already
is Wagging the dog
There was no/doubt that a
majority of the reconvcning
Congress was stacked up against
the father draft.
At the same time. the army
has never failed to have It's way
with Congress.
Furthermore the anti-draft
bill Will certainly be vetoed, if
passed. because the President
always follows war department
policy when he does not make
Il himself
Together they should be- able
easily te get more than the
one-third of Congress necessary
10 sustain the veto
Therefore II seems inevitable
that the army can start draft
ing fathers oct # il wants
20. and u says so far II is de-
termlned to do 50
GEN TOR NANDENBERG
- is proud Of the Job his COM
mittee performed for the Re-
publican Party with ITS
Nackinac declaration on post
war
Some Of the other Republican
leaders here have received let-
tors from homefolkS expressing
dissatisfaction with n. however.
on the ground II did not say
much
Just %ier Maclunac YOU may
have noticed state Secretary
HUI went ON The arr with the
administration postwar dcclara-
ton
Many n bus party especially
the NfW Deal extreme lcftI>t,.
Thought this was too vague also.
A. au objective commentator
] would say tho complaints were
right IN both instances that
both Republican and Demo-
\ cratic statements WIRE 400
vague and for mighty good
reason.
Ans responsible leadership
winch COTS out In front now
/ with anything very definite on
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-09-20

cover the bases into the coastal
plain leading TO SouSse, Sfax and
Gabes.
MedjeZ-el-Bab remained the key
point Of the Allied position
In the midst OF this campaign,
the assassination of Admiral OAR
Ian created political crisis which
was met by the action OF the
French North African governors
in designating Gen. Ciraud as
Darlan's successor.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-09-20
Feet of Gen. MarshaWs Report on Army:
DarIan Arrangement Explained

EDITORS NOTE-HCrc is the Sereath iqstolmeRt
Of GEN George C. MdShQHS report to Secretary Of War
StimSoH regdrdcd the most authoritative military his
tory NJ the to ddte. Gen. MdrShGHS explanatory
notes appear IN pdEenthcSiS4
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-09-20
Gen. Eisenhower Faced
Complex Problems

Upon the cessation Of hoStIli-
ties. Gen Eisenhower forces
were faced with numerous and
pressing problems
Harbors had 10 be cleared OF
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-09-20
cate their nOnreslStance.

However. each task force pro-
ceeded on the assumption that de-
termined resistance must be eX-
pected.
They were under orders not to
fire until fired upon.