davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-11-18
CHEVY CHASE, Md.

Dear Sir:
There is small brown bird which I
see on tree all the time. 1t seems to
be eating something. I know it is too
late for the wrens, so this bird is not
wren, but 1t vaguely resembles one. ex-
cept that its tail is longer, and does not
stick up. This bird has just arrived at
my place, and I would like to know
what 1t is called.
Sincerely yours, M. J. A."
This bird is the brown creeper.
1t is classed as fairly common winter
visitant in this area, usually arriving
during the first week of October, and
remaining until the last week In April.
Some of them, Of course, are seen in
migration.
This is very fine bird, much better
than many friends Of birds believe. They
regard 1t as colorless.
The truth Is that 1t has plenty Of color,
both physically and in relation to its
habits, but It's natural background Of tree
bark tends to lessen its effectiveness in
4 pictorial way.
4
This common creeper Is related to the
nuthatches, birds which consume many
insects which damage our trees.
IN this good work the creeper plays Z
notable part. The woodpeckers are the
birds which dig out larvae, but the
creepers merely clean up on the insects
on the bark.
Although they are not as spectacular
as the wood borers, they probably do
more good. Woodpeckers sometimes
damage trees In their greed for food,
but brown crepers never; these small
birds walk up tree trunks after insects
in most businessliks and engaging
style. :
Related to the white-breasted nut
hatch, the creeper can walk up q tree,
as the nuthatch does. but usually head
up. The nuthatch can walk any old way.
Head down or up, 1t makes no difference
to him. He is the king of al the upside
down walkers
The creeper does a pretty good Job,
though.
His usual habit is to start at the base,
and walk up, catching insects as he goes,
for about 10 feet or so
Then he flies to another tree. landing
at the base, and begins the spiral climb
again.
He is not much of hand at coming
to bird feeding stations.
He Is too fond OF trees, especially the
rough-barked kinds. Trees with smooth
bark do not offer him as much food. He
Is almost concealed on the gray-brown
bark, owing to his mottled brown feath-
ers. with some gray. and almost reddish
brown near the tail.
The tail Is slender. pale brown In color.
The bill is slender and curving, the
wings brown and barred. There Is some
gray underneath.
The creeper is smaller than m English
sparrow. ranging from to almost 6
inches long.
Evening star., 1943-11-18
Setback in the Aeqeon

Though in no sense major
defeat, the loss of Leros, following
that of the nearby Aegean island Of
Cos last month"; is distinct military
setback to Allied hopes in this region
and may have both strategic and
diplomatic repercussions of some
significance. This Aegean campaign
has been so little publicized that it
may be well to review the entire
affair.
The sudden collapse of Fascist
Italy last summer broke the Axis
common front and produced an in
term period OF great confusion
where Italian forces were stationed.
This was notably true in the Aegean
area, where only the key island of
Crete was held solidly by Germans.
Elsewhere, the garrisons were mainly
or wholly Italian.
. Entry to the Aegean Sea was
barred by strong outer defense
ring running from Crete to Rhodes,
the main italian stronghold in their
Dodecanese island-group which lies
off the mainland of Turkish Asia
Minor. BY quick action the German
contingent on Rhodes subdued and
disarmed the Italians there and also
took possession of the intermediate
island of Scarpanto, thus restoring
the outer defense ring. However,
before the Italian garrisons of the
inner islands could be disposed
Of, British airborne expeditionary
forces, leaping the barrier, seized
the islands OF Kos, Leros and Samos,
virtually unopposed. At Kos and
Samos the Italian troops made no
resistance. On Leros they actually
Joined the British and aided man
fully in the subsequent defense. This
bold coup took place early in Sep
tenber.
AS might have been expected, the
Germans reacted violently to the
daring British penetration of their
Aegean domain. And the British
defenders were heavily handicapped.
They were entirely surrounded by
nearby German bases, while they
themselves were too far away to
get fighter plane protection against
intensive German aerial attacks.
Furthermore, despite Allied control
Of the Mediterranean, British sea-
power could not safely penetrate
the island-studded Aegean Sea with
Its network of German air and naval
or U-boat bases. Only occasionally
could light craft slip by the Crete
Rhodes barrier by night to re-
enforce and resupply the belea-
guered island garrisons. All other as
sistance had to come by air, as the
original invasions had done.
The Germans, however, could also
play that game, and more advan-
tageously, too. The long. narrow is
land Of Kos was first overwhelmed,
q month ago. by combined German
attacks by landing parties and para
troops For the past fortnight the
same tactics have been used against
Leros, q smaller and more compact
island which could be better held
~ q moderate sized garrison. The
Evening star., 1943-11-18
Financing the UNRRA

IL is Impossible TO say dennltely
at this time how much the United
States will be called upon to con-
tribute, in terms of cash, to the relief
and rehabilitation of peoples lib
Grated from the Axis. but all cur
rent signs indicate a conservative
official approach to the problem. AS
director general of the UNRRA, Her.
bert H. Lehman suggested as much
a short while ago, and President
Roosevelt's message to Congress
last Monday tends to confirm the
impression.
Thus, while urging the authoriza-
ton of appropriations for American
participation in the UNRRA, the
President emphasizes the hope that
small fraction of the national in
come of each of the cooperating ma
tions will be enough to meet the
immediate postwar needs and that
the beneficiaries will be able, within
a reasonable period Of time, to put
themselves back on q self-support-
ing basis. If this means anything,
it means that the United States will
make a special effort to see that the
costs and burden of the program are
equitably distributed among the
forty-four United Nations and as
sociated governments taking part
In it.
This is quite different approach
from the one followed by America
during and after the First World
War. From 1914 to 1924, under the
able direction of Herbert Hoover. the
Commission for Relief in Belgium,
the United States Food Administra-
tion and the American Relief Admin
istration delivered food and other
essential supplies with q total esti-
mated value of more than five bill
lion dollars. OF this total, 6.2 per
cent represented benevolent gifts,
85 per cent cash sales and 85.3 per
cent credits, most OF which became
part of the defaulted war debts.
The approach now advocated by
the President and Mr.. Lehman
promises to be more economical.
According to one report, it envisages
the levying of quotas equivalent per-
haps to l per cent OF the national
income of each of the nations be-
longing to the UNRRA, a financing
procedure which would fix Americas
share at figure running between
S1,000,000,0oo and 81, 500, 900 900. Con-
sidering the magnitude of the prob
lem involved, this tentative estimate
may be too low. but the quota idea,
if agreed to by the forty-four par
ticipating countries, would almost
certainly have the effect OF making
the cost to the United States rela-
lively less than that of the lsl4-1924
program.
If put into practice along with the
policy of making the liberated peo-
pies self-supporting as quickly as
possible, the quota proposal or some
thing of the same nature would
make the task of relief and rehabili-
tation genuinely international en-
terprise, with no one country or small
group of countries being called upon
to handle disproportionate part
OF the load. Undoubtedly Congress
will authorize the necessary appro-
priations for America's share, and it
will do so all the more willingly on
this basis.
Evening star., 1943-11-18
No Time for Study

From the South Bend Tribune.
1t. Gen. Mark w. Clark took time out
to accept an honorary degree from the
University Of Naples. At least in the
near future, however. he will not try to
live up to 1t by poring over books le
hours q day.
Evening star., 1943-11-18

More and more does the social
and sartorial gap lessen between the
sexes. The ladies wear slacks, smoke
on the street, vote and do mems jobs.
The male, however, still has all to
himself the habit of giving a quick
glance over his shoulder before cut
ting sharply to left or right while
walking.
Evening star., 1943-11-18
Letters to the Editor

Letters TO the Editor must
bear the name and address of
the prtter, although the use OF
a pseudonyn, for publication is
permissible. The Star reserves
the right to edit all letters Nth
a UteD to condensation.
Evening star., 1943-11-18

A streetcar in Baltimore collided
with a tank truck, enveloping it's
passengers in flames, forcing them to
break windows to escape. Major
disaster, however, was averted when
f1remen arrived promptly and saved
most of the gasoline.
Evening star., 1943-11-18

Just in case the letter rate goes
up to four cents, now is a pretty
good time to get at that long-neg-
lected personal correspondence,
Evening star., 1943-11-18

Many young farmer these days
has Joined the Air Corps and worked
up from clodhopper to eloudhopper.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-07-22
R. W. Pearson 10 Head
Arlington Chest Drive
S57 300 Tentative Budget
To Be Sought by 500

r. Wade Pearson, district man
ager of the Neighborhood Theaters
in Arlington and Falls Church, has
been appointed chairman of the
county community war fund CAM
paign, it was announced today by
Clyde B. Stovall, president of the
Arlington County Community Chest.
AS head of the Chest campaign,
Mr.. Pearson will direct an organ
ization of 500 volunteer workers in
raising budget, set tentatively at
$1,000, for Community Chest OPP
erations during 1914, Mr.. Stovall
said.
Mr.. Pearson has been q resident of
Arlington for the last eight years
and has been active in Community
Chest work. He is member of the
Rotary Club, the Washington Board
of Trade, the Washington Variety
Club and the Washington Golf and
Country Club. He also is a member
of the Arlington and Fairfax Coun-
ty Chambers of Commerce.
He headed the Treasury Depart
ment's Northern Virginia War saw
ings drive in 1912 and at present is
chairman of the Northern Virginia
Shangri La campaign.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-07-22
II Births at Zoo,
Including Twins,
Keep Guards Busy

Big things are doing at the Zoo
these days.
First there was the birth of four
mountain lion cubs. Zoo officials
had just finished taking care of the
new puma cubs when five babies
were born to the coatimundi, a
cousin to the raccoon.
Finally, the white tufted marmo-
sets proudly showed off brand
new set of twins, but visitors could
hardly see them. The tiny twins
are glued to their mothers sides
during feeding times, but prefer
their fathers company at all others.
DR.. William Mann, director of the
Washington Zoo, said that this is
the first time marmosets have given
birth in the Washington Zoo and
that only infrequently have they
done so anywhere in captivity. The
parents were donated by Miss Mar
tina Hunter of Philadelphia. who
gave II marmosets of three different
kinds.
This species of marmoset, the
smallest of all monkeys, comes from
Brazil.
The puma cubs will have to re-
main in solitude and darkness for
few days, for if they were brought
out into the open now the mother
might kill them. The same is true
of the coatimundi babies, DR.. Mann
explained.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-07-22
Watches Presented
To Sd. T.. Youths
By Rotary Club
Rewards Were Based
On Proficiency in
Capital Boys Club

Three outstanding members of the
Boys Club of Washington received
gold watches from the Rotary Clubs
John Dolph Memorial Award at a
luncheon yesterday at the Willard
Hotel.
The awards, based on each boys
all-around proficiency and contri-
buttons to the organization, were
given to Donald King, Georgetown
Branch; Lawrence Sellwyn, Central
Branch, and Ferdinand Cardano,
Eastern Branch.
President Albert w. Atwood, in
presenting the winners of the an
nual award, emphasized the great
contribution the late Mr.. Dolph,
first local Rotary Club president,
made to boys club work both ma
tlonaly and in the District.
Thirty other members of the Boys
Club attended the luncheon as
guests of the Rotary Club. The
clubs 45-piece band, conducted by
Joseph D'Urso, furnished the music.
After the luncheon all the boys were
invited by Hardie Meakin, manager
Of Keith's Theater, to see Mr.. Big"
Visiting Rotarians from various
quarters of the globe viewed the pro-
ceedings. They were Squadron Lead
er Jack Launder, Australia; Hector
P. Froes, Brazil, and DR.. Alfredo C.
! Midence, Honduras MIR. Froes gave
the club a flag as greeting from
his organization.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-07-22
u. S. Cafeteria Workers
Bonus Plan Approved

Per diem employees of the Welfare
and Recreational Association, most
of whom are cafeteria workers,
stand to gain SO to IS monthly as
result of the National War Labor
Boards approval of an incentive
bonus plan yesterday.
Regular and punctua1 attendance,
satisfactory work performance and
absence only on approved leave are
the requisites for the bonus.
Payments totaling more than
$4,000 will be divided among 1000
employees, whose diligence during
the past four and one-half months
Is thereby rewarded.
Another proposal to grant un-
usually efficient employees S cents
per hour extra was disapproved by
the War Labor Board.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-07-22
Zone Ruling Is Upheld
Allowing Erection Of
Fairview Firehouse
Penn-Duw Volunteers
Report $4,000 Subscribed
To New Building Fund

The Fairfax County Board of Su-
pervisors yesterday upheld the
Board of Zoning Appeals in it's de-
cision granting permission to the
Penn-Daw Volunteer Department to
erect flrehouse at the intersection
Of the ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS high
way and West FRANKLIN street,
Fairview, with less setback than re-
quired by the county zoning ordi-
nance.
The case came before the board
on an appeal filed by Henry Casey,
living near the site of the proposed
flrehouse, who contended erection
of the building would lower prop
erty values.
$4,000 Subscribed.
Col. Waldron E. Leonard, presi-
dent Of the fire department, told
the board that the organization had
raised approximately $4,000 by pub
lie subscription, had taken an op-
ton on the site and was ready to
proceed with the erection of the
building, if the board approved the
appeal body's action. Following the
hearing, the board voted unani-
mously to sustain the appeal board.
The board entered into a contract
with the engineering firm of Massey
& johnson of Fairfax to conduct
survey relative to data needed to
file an application for loan from
the Federal Works Agency for con-;
struction of lateral sewer lines to
connect with the trunk line sewer
now nearing completion in the
Holmes Run watershed,
Application Requested.
Federal authorities have re-
quested county officials to file an ap-
plication, which If granted, would
provide sewage. facilities for several
communities located within. Sanitary
district No. l. j. j. Corbalis, county
sanitary district engineer, will CO.
operate with the engineers in max
ing the survey.
Mr.. Corbalis notified the board
that a'contract had been prepared
and presented to the military au-
thorities at Fort Belvoir for ap-
prevail, relative to the purchase of
water for use in the water system
now being constructed in Accotink
Village and use of the posts sewer
system for sewage disposal.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-07-22
recommended; Richard F.. Stiles, 80

recommended; Richard F. Stiles, 80,
auditor, United States Maritime
Commission; William Anderson, 20,
employed in Central Liquor Store;
Alphonso M. Carpenter, 20, file clerk,
Federal Works Agency. 6o-day stay
of induction recommended; Charles
G. Cuozzo, ~, grocery clerk, 60-day
stay of induction recommended;
Cecil H. Hawkins, "a, painter, Boil
ling Field, 60-day stay of induction
recommended; Elton E. Moore,
newsprint handler, the Times
Herlad; Joseph M. Ryman. 81, as
sistant manager, Safeway Stores,
Inc.
Also William A. Dempsey. %, vari-
type operator, Federal Security
Agency. 60-day stay of induction
recommended; Philip ]. Mccoy
80, General Accounting ONCE; John
T. Smallwood, 20, employed at Camp
Spring, Md, Construction Co.;
Samuel Ochs, SO, proprietor. Ready
to-Wear Clothing Store; Samuel r.
Blanken, "a, attorney; Louis Wino-
ken, 20, emlpyed In War Depart
ment: Robert w. Eisler, 80, field
deputy collector, Bureau of Inter-
nal Revenue, Newark, N. j., 60-day
stay of induction recommended
Sidney Katz. 26. clerk, War Depart
ment and Bryan M. Weaver, n
painter. 6o-day stay Of induction
recommended,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-07-22
Ambulance Plane Is Goal
Of Pharmacists Bond Sale

A drive to raise $4,000 in War
bonds for purchase of C-3 ambu-
lance plane is being pushed by the
District Pharmaceutical Association.
believed to be the first group in the
Nation to sponsor purchase of this
type of plane.
The C-3, a new model, is used
to bring back wounded from distant
battle fronts.
The pharmacists will name the
plane Miss Rx," using the ancient
symbol on doctors prescription
blanks meaning recipe" Local
druggists are selling War stamps
and bonds, and Paul Reznek, chair
man of the plane drive committee,
said the association is making good
progress toward its goal.
Assisting in the campaign are the
women's and travellers auxiliaries of
the association.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-07-22
lsWRshoniinq

Blue coupons, Book stamps let

Blue coupons, Book 2-Stamps let
tered N, P and @ are valid until
August Z.
Those lettered R, S and T will be
valid from August l through Sep
TENDER 7.
Red coupons, Book 2-These can be
exchanged for meats, fats, etc.
Stamps lettered P. @, r and S
are valid now, will be good until
the end of July.
Sugar-For regular allowances of
sugar for general use coupon No.
Is in book Is good for pounds
through August Is.
Stamps Nos. Is and 16 tn ra-
ton book No. l may be used to
obtain sugar for home canning.
Each will be good for 5 pounds
through October 81.
Families needing more than 10
pounds of sugar per person for
home canning must make appli-
cation to their ration boards for
all over this amount.
Coffee-Stamp No. % is good for /
pound until August IL.
Gasoline-No. 6 A coupons. good for
3 gallons each, are good through
November 81.
Pleasure driving is forbidden to
holders of all types of gasoline
rations.
Existing ct" allowances Of gaso-
line expire after next Sunday.
B and c coupons. good for ~
gallons each, expire on dates in
dicated in individual books.
Beginning today, holders of all
types of gasoline rations except
the E and r classes must write
the license number and State of
registration of their vehicle on the
front of all their gas coupons.
Shoes-Stamp No. 10 is good for one
pair through October 81.
Fuel Oil-Period No. coupons in
new fuel oil rations became good
July and are valid for 10 gallons
per unit through next January 4.
Period No. coupons Of last
seasons ration are valid for 10
gallons per unit through Septem-
Der 80.
Each coupon is good for the
number Of units marked In large
numbers on its face.
Applications for this seasons
rations should be filled out proper
" and returned to local boards
Immediately.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-07-22
$500 Are Expected
To March in 0CD
Parade Next Week
Local Section to Have
135 Vehicles and I 500
Auxiliary Policemen

At least $500 persons are expected
to march in the local civilian de-
Tense section of the civilian defense
parade on July 80, it was announced
yesterday after meeting of the
chiefs of service at the District
Building.
The local section of the parade,
which will include military group
a county civilian defense unit and
patriotic organization sections, will
have 135 vehicles and the partici-
pants will include $500 auxiliary
policemen. Banners and placards
will identify each unit in the line
of march.
One of the principal floats, it was
said, would be that of the communi-
cations service, which will have a
duplicate of an afraid warning
center with equipment to sound air
raid alarms. There also will be
duplicates of a control center and
equipment from the fire department,
rescue squads, animal rescue squads
and demolition units.
Map Being Prepared.
A map is being prepared of the
parade formation area, which will
be ready for distribution early
next week Engineer Commissioner
Charles w. Kutz, grand marshal of
the parade; 1t. Col. Leonce Legen-
DIRE, executive officer of civilian de-
tense, and William A. Van .Duzer,
director of Department of Vehicles
and Traffic, will inspect the start
ing point in the lower mall today
to make final plans.
Enrolment blanks for volunteers
for civilian defense work will be
ready early next week and every
person enrolled at present will be
asked to bring in at least one other
volunteer. Red. white and blue
badges have been printed for use
during the two-week recruiting
drive, July % to August IA.
Associations Aid Asked.
In connection with the drive,
Harry Fender, president of the Fed
Grafton of Citizens Associations, has
written all association heads asking
them to serve on the Citizens Asso-
Citations Committee and requesting
them to appoint committees In
their own organizations to aid in
obtaining volunteers.
Those already enrolled are asked
to help interest their friends and
neighbors in the work. Citizens may
register between July % and August
IA at any police precinct or fire.
house in the city.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-07-22
One S|aughtering Permit
Revoked, One SUSPENDED

Prince Georges County Sanitary
Engineer C. L. Wood announced to-
day that he has revoked the slaugh-
tering permit of one county resident
and suspended the permit of an
other for noncompliance with coun-
ty health department regulations.
The permit of H. SCHNEIDER of
Bowie was revoked, while the per-
NIT of r. j. Fleischmann, r. F. D.
Anacostia, was suspended until he
complies with health department
regulations.
Mr.. Wood said he closed Mr.
Schnieder's place of business three
years ago on similar charge. The
Bowie slaughterer, however, had
since obtained a permit from the
War Meat Control Board.
According to Mr.. Wood, Mr.
Fleischmann slaughters an average
of 20 hogs a month during the
winter. He does not do any slaugh-
tering during the summer. Mr..
SCHNEIDER told the sanitary engineer
that he killed SOS, animals in 1941,
but refused to reveal the number OF
animals slaughtered in recent
months. ,