davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-04-07
Fifty-four HELPERS
By Maj. George Fielding Eliot.
From the Pittsburgh (Pa) Press.

From the Pittsburgh (Pa) Press
The Roosevelt administration, of
course. has neither plan nor intention to
stif1e small businesses. Yet innumerable
complaints are made that small busi-
nesses are being stined as result Of the
war program, and congressional commit
tees have been studying the question.
The chairman of one such committee
is Senator Murray of Montana, q New
Deal Democrat. He and Senator Cap
per Of Kansas, Republican, have just
reported that the administration has
bungled in this field. They found that
81 different Federal departments and
Independent agencies are concerned, di-
rectly or indirectly, with the problems
of small business and their solution.
Each agency was asked to outline its
responsibilities and what it is doing
about them. The replies, say Senators
Murray and Capper, indicate that
Far too few Federal agencies) seem
to feel any clear-cut responsibility for
the task of using small business most
effectively in the war effort, or of guar
anteeing the preservation of small busi-
ness in the postwar period. In addition,
there is abundant evidence that there Is
insufficient coordination and no gen.
eral philosophy guiding their approach.
Far-reaching legislative measures
and thorough going remolding of ad-
ministrative policies may be necessary"
Here, surely is great irony The
administration, in its tender solicitude
for small businesses, tries to help them
through 54 separate agencies. But, by
failing to coordinate these agencies and
to give them a central guiding policy, it
threatens to put small businesses out Of
business. This Is no isolated example.
The same strange, unfortunate story
runs through many Of the war Govern
ment's problems-too many agencies
made responsible for one Job, nobody
co-ordinating and guiding their activi-
ties. and the problems getting more
mnddled - . result
Evening star., 1943-04-07

tant cases, and was reported to have
received prodigious fees for his
services as q counselor and as a
pleader. His constantly growing
popularity with the bourgeoisie
brought him an invitation to be
Public Works Minister under BRAND
in 1909. Later he was Minister of
War under Poincare and Viviani and
commissioner for Alsace-Lorraine.
When Clemenceau resigned, January
18, 1920, his erstwhile lieutenant as
sumed power as both Prime Minister
and Minister of Foreign Affairs. At
tempting to force Germany to fulfill
her obligations, he ordered the occu-
patton of Frankfort. He attended the
interallied conferences at San Reno
and Spa and met Lloyd George at
Hythe. It was by his instruction that
General Weygand went to Warsaw.
He also supported the anti-Bolshe-
vik movement of General Wrangel.
Meanwhile, he crushed a series of
strikes at home.
Whether or not Millerand really
desired to be President OF France has
been debated. If the office were to
be merely that of a figurehead, he
did not want it. But II 1t were to be
expanded in its influence, he wished
1t very much, indeed. The illness of
Deschanel afforded him his oppor-
tunity. He was elected by the Ma
tional Assembly and Immediately
inaugurated, September q, 1920.
News of his choice was greeted with
enthusiasm by the Paris crowds. He
had reason to believe that the French
nation expected him to put his
theories into effect. It was with nat
ural surprise, therefore, that he soon
discovered that he was viewed as a
dictator. The Radical and Socialist
majority drove him out of the Elysee,
June II, 1924. He gained a place in
the Senate as Nationalist in 1927.
Dying at "a, he leaves an honorable
reputation as a patriot whose devo-
ton to his country Is known to have
been authentic and sincere. He Wis
ualized the perils to which France
was exposed and strove to prepare
his people to meet their inevitable
trial. One example Of his prescience
Is that which was represented by the
act of May 20, 1912, by which he gave
definite status to military aviation.
Evening star., 1943-04-07
White April

There is no Uind from Heauen halt
so dear
Or healing as the Dital breath OF
spring.;
Always 1t comes Nth Weleome to mn
ear,
Filled Nth the earth's mysterious
n1urnlurin0.
From n,eado,Dland up to a mountain
crest
MY mind In pipid thought ,pill soar
as free
As glad bird s,Ditt, ,Hnging to her
nest
Within some blossomy plum, or cornell
tree.
When earth, mothltke, has shed her
chrysaHs,
My heart is stirred, making slo,o
pulses bound;
And I am thankful for White Aprtrs
kiss,
Thankful for loneliness of sky and
ground.
an, sure God knep the Joy that Il
1oonld bring
The day He took q bud and fashioned
CHARLOTTE MooRs.
Evening star., 1943-04-07

check an election or prevent its ac-
ceptance raises a delicate constitu-
tional question as to whether any
citizen, possessing the necessary
qualifications, can be denied the
right of holding public Office.
Evening star., 1943-04-07
Uncle Sans Manual-These are

Uncle Sans Manual-These are
times Of sharp, clear-cut issues,
when to keep abreast of fast-moving
political and social developments 1t
Is necessary for every citizen to
understand the basic structure Of his
Government, and to know what men
hold the important Offices. This In
formation as we'll as wealth Of
facts of historical and current inter-
est are included In Uncle Sans
Manual Also gives names and
salaries of principal Government Of
ficials. To secure your copy Of this
concise publication inclose 10 cents
IN coin, wrapped in this clipping and
mail to The Star Information Bureau.
Address
Evening star., 1943-04-07

@. How much did 1t cost to print the
copies Of the life of President Roosevelt
distributed by the Ofice of War Infor-
mation?-D. D.
A. There were ,739 copies OF the
life of President Roosevelt, which were
issued in IL languages at a cost Of
$13,26450.
@. Are there really mice that sing7-
H. G.
A. Singing mice have been reported
from many parts Of the world. Both
males and females are known to have
this rare habit.
@. When was a United States battle
nag first flown in the Pacinc9-M. F.B.
A. The first American ship OF war in
the Pacific was the frigate Essex under
the command OF Capt David Porter. The
vessel docked at Valparaiso, Chile. on
March IS, 1873.
@. Has the use Of the adjective
American" ever been sanctioned off,
cially?-W. D.
A. american" as an adjective was
officially recommended by Secretary Of
State John Hay, who instructed diplo-
mats and consular officers to use it.
except in official titles, under date Of
August 3, 1904.
Q. What is a perruquier?-N. v. M.
A. A wignaker and hairdreSer.
When the fashion for wigs developed into
a mania, Louis XIV Of France d7l5-l774)
Is said to have required the services Of
40 court perruquiers.
@. Did George Washington have q
college degree?-T. R. B.
A. On April 3, 1776, Harvard College
conferred upon him the honorary degree
of doctor of laws, the law OF nature and
nations and the civil law.
@. When was the American Bible 60
ciety established and how many Bibles
did it issue during its first year Of exist
ence?-M N.
A. The society was organized In New
York City May IL, 1916. In the frst year
6,l40 Bibles were distributed.
q. What is the name Of Donald
Ducks mule?-A. E.
A. The name Of Donald Ducks donkey
Is Basil.
q. What American writer was the first
to be popular in two worlds?-D. B. 8.
A. This distinction is claimed for
Benjamin Franklin.
@. Where are the Pillars of Hercules?
*. B. E.
A. They are two hills on opposite sides
Of the Strait Of Gibraltar, so called be-
cause of the myth that they were torn
aside by Hercules to admit the flow Of
the ocean into the Mediterranean.
@. Was Alexander the Great the first
Of his family to bear his name?-T. r.
A. Alexander became family name
among the Kings of Macedon. This ruler
was the third to bear 1t.
@. Is there desk In the White House
that was presented by Queen victoria?-
K. M. B.
A. The desk made from the timbers of
the British ship Resolute. and presented
to this country by Queen Victoria, Is In
the Presidents study In the White House,
Evening star., 1943-04-07

be those who entertain that notion.
But that Is absolutely no reason for
believing that our interests best can
be served by being at swords points
with Russia.
For some reason or other the gallant
Russian people exist just as we do and
I don't think they will or can get of
Gods earth simply because certain in
terests desire to retain monopolized, war
breeding privileges. Unless international
trade Is liberalized to an extent which
will conform with natural law. free
from tariff restrictions, we may expect
another world crisis.
War is not inevitable. DA.
Mythical PersonaEes Discussed
In Relation to Tax Legislation.
10 the Editor Of The Star:
You probably discovered, when YOU
were about or S, that there isn't any
Santa Claus; that that grand old fraud
Of the long flowing beard, reindeers and
sleigh and toys for all good children
was just mons" and pops" who thought
they were putting something over on
somebody.
There is another character in popular
parlance and fancy who, it would SEEM
from the Skip year" tax discussion,
even congressman haven't learned does
not exist We refer to that g-legged
strident individual, always featured in
hof toll e&ri,>
pants who bestrides the earth in seven
league boots And we call him Uncle
Sam"
He's cocky old boy whom we like to
think of as possessing unlimited means
and resources, always ready, If necessary,
to flght at the drop of hat.
The trouble with this illusion is that
so many people seem to believe in the
old fellows existence-particular in
the unlimited and exhaustible wealth
part Of it. But, sad to relate. your Uncle
Sam-if he did exist-hasn't a dollar
that he didn't extract from you and from
me, in taxes, tariffs, excises and what
have you.
There are two classes Of people who
seem unwilling or unable to accept as
a hoax this individuals existence. We
first list the "blocs" and special in
terests" groups who swarm the corridors
and committee rooms OF every Congress,
pressing for more than their share OF
the community" pie or national jack
pot than they, or the interests they
represent, contributed to it.
Next We have the 'ludicrous, II not so
serious, argument Of those who would
contend that forgiveness of last years
taxes would be "immoral"-or some
thing like that. This argument proceeds
from the theory (and false premise) that
there is party Of the first part" to
forgive, and a party Of the second part
to be forgiven. There is no party oi
the first part" In a government Of the
people, by the people, for the people, the
people are the government. and ma,
do what they, or their accredited repre-
sentatives, care to with their own funds
Now that the tax bill has gone bacl
to the Ways and Means Committee TO
further long sleep, maybe our 1egisla
tive body may decide in the interim t,
eliminate the little man on the stair,
who now isn't therein fact, neve
J WaS. WILBUR n. CLOSE.
Evening star., 1943-04-07
Natural Law Advocated
Az Basis Of World Peace.
To the Editor of IhA Star.


The peace" that will follow this war
never will be considered as truly won
50 long as the people Of the world, the
people who are called upon to sacrifice,
sweat and bleed, cannot distinguish
between their friends and those enemies
within who pose as their friends.
The enemies within who are, after all.
far more dangerous than the enemies
whom We are fighting out in the open,
will wage . continuous masked struggle
against the people until we again are
isolated from the rest of the world.
The attitude Of many Of us toward
Russia Is an attitude of distrust, one
which sees in Russia simply temporary
ally. As surely as isolation, tariffs and
poverty brought about this conflict, 30
shall We be plunged into another mael-
strom unless We recognize the vast i'm
portance Of international cooperation.
Government control as . cure for
what ais Us Is nothing but . form Of
aAwsey, however wen-intsntionsd INDY
Evening star., 1943-04-07
Letters to the Editor

Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address OF
the 1Driter, although the use of
q pseudonyn1 for publication is
permissible. The Star reserves
the right to edit all letters Nth
Die1D to condensation.
Evening star., 1943-04-07
Salvage Committee Wants
Fats Not Used In Cooking.

Fats Not Used In Cooking.
TO the Editor Of The Star:
The District Of Columbia Salvage Com
mittee has noted the observations of
A. j. Davis, relative to the household
fats program, which appeared In your
Letters to the Editor"
Study Of the program definitely states
that "the Government urges the saving
Of all waste fats" BY all means. the
patriotism Of every housewife is to use
household fats for her own consump-
tion, Is may be in keeping with her
cooking habits.
The Government, of necessity, is ask
ing every housewife, to save and strain
into any clean tin can, all accumulations
Of household fats, in order that our
fighting forces may be assured Of suffi-
cient supplies Of explosives which use
large quantities Of nitro -glycerin.
It may be Interesting to note that in
the District of Columbia, during the
month of February, 51122 pounds of
household fats were collected, due to
the cooperation Of the housewives Of
Washington.
1t IL hoped that A. J. Davis will con-
tinue, first, to utilize all such household
fats Is she may need for her own pur-
poses and then turn In to her meat
butcher such excess fats as she may
have on hand.
We believe in Salvage for Victory"
HORACE WALKER,
Executive Secretary for the District Of
Columbia.
Move to free" Puerto Rico
Resisted by Critic Of Small Nations"
TO the Editor Of The Star:
What is Senator Tydings trying to do
to the United States by introducing a
bill to MAIN the United States by free
ing" Puerto Rico? When will he intro
duce bill to free" Alaska? Or Florida?
Or Texas? Or maybe. Ohio7 Eighty
years ago, a war was fought to prevent
dismemberment Of the Nation.
A greater kindness to both Puerto
Rico and the rest of the. United States
would be to introduce q bill to make
Puerto Rico . State. Another daily
good deed for Senator Tydings to
perform would be to introduce bill
inviting Cuba to enter the Union as a
State, II her people should express q
desire to do 50. There are quite enough
small nations In the Western Hemis-
sphere, to their mutual disadvantage.
Let's not create more small nations, by
kicking parts of our country out of the
Union. Let's consolidate on a voluntary
basis. CHARLES EVERAND REEVES.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-07-25
BY HARRY MORGAN

nECTIN long has been the reliable standby Of house
wives to make their jelly jel
For some years it has been used In the treat
ment of certain intestinal diseases. Recently. it has
been used ingredient of wound dressings.
Now science has found that pectin may attain
place of great Importance blood substitute
That apple you eat 10 keep the doctor away contains
lots of pectin It's found in the pulp of many other
fruits. The peel of lemon, orange grapefruit and other
citrus fruits is rich in it,
You've eaten lot OF it and you may be having
it injected into your veins TO your life if you
suffering from shock orsevere bleeding.
With hundreds of men being treated for shock from
loss Of blood the worlds batlefronts every day and
supplies of human blood plasna being limited this new
use Of pectin developed by the treless men of the
laboratories. may evolve of the great Blooms of
medical science,
But even if science should find half dozen substi.
tutes besides pectn for blood plasma and more
plasma is still needed and nobody should be led
heve that blood donations to the Red Cross are not
needed AS matter of fact more and more blood gifts
needed every day Pectin therefore relieve
of obligation TO donate all the blood we can
The supply of human blood pasma is not adequate
TO meet all the demands of times The Red Cross
blood banks and the thousands of citizens who have
contributed blood for plasma have rendered valiant
service but it is not enough.
Pasma is obtained only by tedious and costly
process. volunteer contributes his pint of blood 1t
then has to be processed TO take the red white
dried leaving the residue in powder form, which must
be kept in sterzed containers to preserve its purity
The plasma powder is prepared for injection into
patients veins by the addition of sterile water salt
solution TO dissolve il and restore II TO fluid form
Army and Navy surgeons long have looked to the
laboratory trail blazers for blood plasma substitute
that would meet technical medical requirements. be
readily available and preferably cheap.
Tests that have been under way several years in
the research laboratories of the California Fruit
~ r.oyu q
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-07-25

does not readily escape through the blood ves-
sells walls
It's consistency in solution closely APP
proachcs that OF real blood serum. The labora
tory teehhieisns are trying Ia bring these SINH
larities even closer.
Unlike gum acacia, no evidence has been
found of pectns permanent retention in any
organ in sufficient quantity to be detrimental.
However what happens to the pectin after
il has been injected into the veins and carried
by the blood stream to all parts and organs Of
the body Is yet t. be determined
Tests conducted with rabbits have ac-
counted for the elimination through the nat
ural sources of the system of the major por-
ton of the known qualities Of pectin injected.
What happens TO the remainder still is in
the realm of experimental work.
Laboratory analysis of all organs of the
rabbits shows no evidence of an accumulation
Of pectin. even after repeated injections
Experiments described by DIR. Hartman in
Annals Of Surgery" relate that examination
of the liver of rabbits injected with a large
single dose of 1 per cent pectin solution
showed three hours later, no gross enlarge
mcnt Of the liver, but microscopicaly the
hcpatic cells appeared swollen and filled with
small clear grmules,'
However, a dog, similarly treated and eX-
amincd II hours later, showed neither gross
nor microscopic evidence Of pectin retention
Further animal experiments after the
Injection Of large amounts of pectin solution
showed temporary blocking Gin the liver
which cleared rapidly and showed no tendency
toward a cumulative storage even with four
large doses in a 26-day period
other tests described IN the Hartman paper
disclosed that the excretiun Of pcctin Tin
urine) is small for the first eight 90 twelve
hours after the injection but reaches the
maximum within - hours and within As to
- hours the major portion of the pectin is
eliminated
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-07-25

DR. Hartman further reported considering
the source method Of production, and chemical
nature Of pectin, there is nothing 10 suggest
that il would be toxic for the body It's
component units"
In cases OF humans not in shock, observed
by Or. Hartman, there was no alteration in
bleeding time, coagulaton time or liver func-
ton after intfavenous injection Of 500 &C.
pectin l per cent solution. Steady improve
ment Of a patient was noted over a three
hour period after an injection Of $50 &C. OF
l per cent solution of pectin.
Others receiving pectin solution injections
instead Of the usual transfusions during opera
tons maintained satisfactory blood pressure.
TN operative cases Or. Hartman reported
especial attention was paid to the bleeding
time in the tissues Of the operative wound but
no variation from normal could be observed"
In summary, Or. Hartman said:
Il The intravenous use OF pectn solution
as a blood substitute in shock is proposed.
% One-half per cent of pure pectn solu-
ton has about the same viscosty and osmotc
pressure whole blood
"3. Pectin has high molecular weight. is
nonantigenic and nontoxic,
"a The course, method OF manufacture,
and the ease OF preparing and sterizing stable
buffered solutions make pectin readily avail
able
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-07-25

IS. Preliminary experimental and clinical
valuable in the management of shock.
IS. There is temporary retention Of pcctin
in the blood and in the liver but excretion OF
the unchanged material in the urine is rapid D."
All this scientific Technology may seem
like damning pectin with faint praise. but its
really approval in conservative language
Pectn first discovered in fruit juices
in 1925 and was used as a gelatinizing sub
stance in making jellies and jams
Its acceptance as a valuable agent in treat
ment OF certain intestinal disorders and as an
ingredient Of wound dressings did not come
until a comparatively recent date As far
back as 1878 it was used in the form Of
scraped apple a remedy for diarrhca
For generations mothers have been giving
their babies scraped raw apple for intestinal
complaints. II wasn't known that the cura-
tive agent in the apple pectin until its
component parts were separated and tested
OF much later date the discovery that
pectin makes an excellent dressing for wounds
II possesses properties that speed up the
natural healing processes and stimulate the
bodys defense mechanisms against infection
1t has been found most effective in treat
ing obstinate sores and old infected burns
So look kindly upon the next orange or
apple you eat.
Not only do citrus fruits provide needed
vitamins and nutritive substances but the peel
that the housewife throws away yields a mate
rial that promises TO save countless lives a
blood plasma substitute
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-07-25

The soIutoI is AGAIN aetlz 3 before be-
ing injected into The veins
If pectlH PASSES Tho nHaINhvra'. gf general
acceptance it VIII be- available H. tons.
Search for @ suitable substitute fot blood
plasna has been under way far years The
requir0aeHts aro ErH fh.man blood phsma
Itself can be created only bv man hir,Self
Scientists. % course can determine hy chem,-
cal analysis tho coupoaont. of blood rasma.
But they can no moro create trls blood plasma
bv mixing tho chemical clements 10 contains
than they can mis- thc aete4eals Of an apple
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-07-25

m o s I requirements
but failed in one
important particu-
lar. 1t was dis
covered that its pro-
ira c I c d use was
leaving harmful de-
posits Of gum acacia
in the liver.
Pectin came under
the scrutiny of the
scientists b g c aus o
ofAits & enerally
known properties Of
solubility and Wis
costly. Years of re-
search, refincments
a n d experiments
have brought it TO
the verge of COM
plete acceptance.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-07-25

and produce the ac-
tual fruit.
When sc lie n C e
reaches tn at goal
the mystery OF life
viii virtually have
been solved.
All organic mate
rial must be pro-
duccd by living or
ganism s. G o n
scqucntly 20 avoid
ttAl4e-Aa#aga- chem
ically compounded
fluid of inorganic
substances might do
20 the human sys-
tenn a suitable sub
stitutc for bio o d
plasma must be de-
rived from organic
sources
It must contain "A
big enough molecule
so that the fluid in
which it is dissolved
will not leave the
blood vessels too
freely
Similarly 10 main
tain OF rc-establish
normal blood pres
sure it must pos
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-07-25

Pec+in. Which Comes
From Citrus Rind. Has
Passed Preliminary
Tests as q Substitute
for Diminishing Re-
serves Of Humon Blood
vitality Needed for
Wounded Soldiers -- In
The Meantime. Double
Your Own Blood
Donations!
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-07-25

-
hospitals and medical
schools now indicate
that the commonplace
and abundant pectin
may be the answer TO
the surgeons need,
1t already has met
scientific requirements
in experimental work
conducted with ami
mails. At the Henry
Ford Hospital in De-
troit IT has been used
with satisfactory re-
suits by Or +. w.
Hartman in more than
$50 human cases.
7, oaeily r,eo,s tho
need for ready avail
.bui,,. .-d choa,,oss
Pectin is produced
c,,,,,,,r.i,il, IN coz,
f..5. ...n ,..., 'e,~
h,,,.cbol5 1so Ia losgor
o..,,,,,os g., 81. r,.u,,-
fac,Ur,d f,r ..rts4,
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-07-25

July -. 1913