davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-07-20
Ceiling on Hog Prices
And New Slaughter
Method Ordered
OPA and WFA Take Step
To Improve Distribution
OF Meat Supplies

A new system of meat slaugh-
tering and processing and CELL
ing of STATS a hundred pounds
on hogs will be placed in opera
ton by the Government next
month in twin moves designed to
assure better distribution of
meat supplies to civilians, the
armed forces and lease-lend and
to hold price fluctuations to a
minimum.
The ceiling, which is the first to
be placed on livestock, was an
nounced last night in joint state
ment by the Office of Price Ad-
ministration and the War Food Ad-
ministration. The action will have
no effect on retail pork prices.
WA, at the same time, announced
that its present system of controlling
slaughtering and processing will be
changed August Is to an overall
plan of licensing slaughterers. The
new setup will give the processing
industry greater responsibility in
carrying out the Governments pro-
gram of distributing meat supplies
Two Conditions Listed.
Under the new system all slaught-
erers-except farmers, who will con-
tinue to operate under the present
permit system-will be licensed to
slaughter livestock under conditions
to be announced between now and
August Is. Two of those conditions
will be Cd payment by packers OF
not less than the Government sup
port price of $1375 and not more
than the ceiling price for live hogs
and (2) appropriate" division OF
meat supplies among civilian, mill
tary and lease-lend groups.
The VIA also announced that its
support price of $l3.75 for hogs will
be extended to include weights from
200 to 270 pounds, good to choice
butcher hogs. between September /
1943, and March 81, 1914. The sup
port price was previously effective
only for good to choice butcher hogs
weighing 240 to 270 pounds.
Ceilings Apply to All Grades.
The new ceiling is between IS cents
and $1.25 above recent market levels
The ceiling will however. keep hogs
from again advancing to levels of
! $3.50 reached this spring-prices
which brought sharp complaints
from packers who contended they
were being squeezed between cost
of live hogs and Government cell
ings on pork and pork products.
The ceiling will apply to all grades
and weights of hogs and assure
packers an adequate margin between
the price of live hogs and OPA
ceilings on wholesale pork cuts and
processed pork.
The statement said prices of hogs
probably will continue to fluctuate
seasonally between the ceiling and
floor prices. In seasons of short
marketings, prices tend to 60 up,
and conversely. in periods Of heavy
marketing, such as at the present,
they 60 down.
Evening star., 1943-07-20
Veteran Of Sicily Fight
.5afe-UntiI Return Home
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
AN ALLIED FORCE COMMAND
POST IN NORTH AFRICA, July
10 Delayed .-Roderick Macdonald
war correspondent of the Sydney
Australia) Morning Serial, landed
in Sicily with British glider troops,
went through battles with them, was
captured and later freed when Brit
ish patrols shot up the Axis guards,
and finally few back to North Africa
all without injury.
To-day Mr. Macdonald went for
a. casual auto ride. The car was
hit by United States Army three
ton truck and he suffered painful
head injuries. cuts and bruises and
landed in an RAF base hospital.
Evening star., 1943-07-20
| Russians Attack
North Norway,
Nozi Radio Says
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
LONDON, July 20.-The Ber-
lin radio said today that a
Russian amphibious force had
attacked the coast of Varanger
Fjoid in extreme Northern
Norway.
The broadcast said the Rus
slams had attempted a landing
on the coast south of Vardoe on
the peninsula which juts out
into the Barents Sea toward
Fisher Peninsula. the most
northwesternly point Of the
Soviet Union.
The attack was beaten off,
the Berlin account said. after
Soviet landing craft were
shelled by shore batteries which
sank or damaged many of the
vessels.
Evening star., 1943-07-20
Britoin's Cost of Living
Up Two Points in July
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
LONDON, July 20.-Britain's cost
of living index to-day was ofncially
reported as 2 points higher on July
! than 1t was the previous month.
The chief reason given was an
increase in the average price of new
potatoes.
Evening star., 1943-07-20

(See AXIS, Page A-3.D
Evening star., 1943-07-20

(See KNOX, Page A-i2.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-09-21

litical. In the case of subsidies, for ex- ample, the all-important questions are not which party or which individual pro poses them or which group would enjoy the greatest benefits, but are they wise step in the battle against imitation? Would they destroy the Independence of the farmer and the merchant?
 Never did so heavy responsibility for the future of all private industry rest with the public and congress. If responSibil- ity is shirked, the public will be the loser. This should be particularly obvious with respect to retail distribution. Every ne- cessity and luxury we buy must be chan neled through the facilities of enterpris- ing merchants. These merchants, big and little, chain or independent, ordinarily operate in accordance with the relentless dictates of supply and demand in free competitive market They know how to manage their businesses. Today, conditions have been changed by fiat, and management has been taken largely out of their hands.
 Whether retailers continue to serve effi- ciently depends upon political regulation at best a poor substitute for experi- enced private initiative. If such regula- tion is carried over indefinitely into the peace, 1t can easily wreck the best laid plans for achievement of higher living standards
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-09-21
A Thought for Today
D Day Approaches

It can be no secret to anybody, and least of all to the Nazi general staff, that the day is approaching fast when the armies of democracy will begin landing all over the fortress of Europe. The invasion ot Italy is, in a sense, preliminary. There is real question whether the best way to Berlin involves Italy. Even with the con- siderable headway we have made on the peninsula, there are several other routes which seem to offer superior advantages. One is through the Balkans, another up the Rhone Valley, and for both of these our possession of Italy is useful. There are the Scandinavian route and the Channel route. In neither of these is AL lied occupation of MuSSolini'S former duchy without value. It serves as a di- version, and it offers to provide air fields from which support to more northerly invaSionS can fly.
 But the crushing blow, in all probab- ability, will not come from Italy. There are many who believe that, whatever may intervene, the end will not come un- til there has been a croSS-channel inva- sion. British invasion maneuverS half way across the channel, the other day, went off so successfully as to suggest that even that most difficult of ap- breaches to Berlin can be used in the near future. Allied strategy is, on the whole, conservative. Our general plan has been to move slowly, to test the ground firmly before each step forward, to make sure of success-as sure as the hazards of war permit-before each ven- ture. Our progress seems slow at times. But the method guards against disaster. And when the big blow falls it will be all the more crushing.
 Tt is useful to realize fully that big events are coming close, for number of reasons There will be huge casualty liSts, for which we must be prepared. There is going to be terrific drain upon our resources Gasoline will be needed in greater quantities than ever before. So will food, coal, clothing and incidentalS for relief of the millions we are beginning to set free. The end is approaching. It is reasonable to expect it, in Europe, dur ing 1944. But we cannot yet relax and draw q deep breath. Until the end comes, every victory will call upon us for in- creased exertion at home as well as on the fighting fronts.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-09-21
Pershinr Advice

Observance of the eighty-third birth day of General John J. PerShing brought to attention the fact, which is well known to military men in Washington, that the leader of the first American Expedition ary Force is in good health and is keenly interested in the progress of this war.
 The Perishing influence is easily traced in the policy of today'S military leaders. It is the policy which Pershing put into effect in the First World War. He de- clined to yield to Allied demands that American enlisted men be fed into the British army as replacement. And he firmly decided that the American Army should not strike in force until 1t had the trained manpower, the transport and the supplies to lay upon the enemy with the full might of the American people. When that time came, he struck, and such was the brilliance of the staff plan and the power of the men that his Army broke the morale of the German people and crushed the German army.
 Many of today's American Army higher commanders served under PerShing in the First World War. To serve under him was to become a disciple of his magnificent concept of power war. His first thought was of power enough to win at the least cost in killed and wounded. He held to that line, and 1t proved to be sound.
 In 1918, General Pershing favored the invasion of Germany. But it was not to be. War-weary France and Britain objected. The American people de- manded the immediate return of their men and no more wars in Europe. But now it is seen that Pershing's advice was sound. In his wisdom he has re- peated it as the objective of this war. He wants peace-the peace which only right supported by might can establish and maintain.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-09-21

of the grief to whihc Baldwin fell heir. He Is being urged to go overseas promptly, but declines to budge until the question of auth ority is strengthened out. Other wise, he would find, in his over- seas base, the same confusion which exists in Washington.
 Although Baldwin is supposed to be the chief, no les than seven agencies have their fingers in his pie. Including the State Depart ment, they are Lease-Lend, OEW, Treasury, War, Navy and the Leh- man Office (FOreign Relief and Rehabilitation.
 Baldwin wants an answer to the simple question of whether he is to direct American economic ac- tivities in Italy, or merely to CO., ordinate the activities of tohers. If he is to be merely Q coordina- tor, he will get into as much con- fusion in Italy aS State Depart ment's Robert Murphy did in North Africa. Furthermore, U. s. agencies would be in a weakened condition in dealing with the Brit ish, who have sense enough to unify their overseas operations. MERRY-GO-RoUND
 Argentine Ambassador Espl, ono of the ablest diplomats Washing ton has seen since JuSSerand. re- gently was offered the post of Ar- genuine Ambassador to London. London. But because of difficult relations with the U. S., he decid- ed to stay on in Washington. A
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-09-21
In Today's Mail

ally of the United States is no recommendation for its adoption in the United States.
 Those favoring labor conscription are tireless in their efforts to intro duce system of Nazi labor slavery in the United States to gag labor. With only one known exception (that of Bernard Baruch, who has since maintained silence) the So- cialist Labor Party has been alone in pointing to the one obvious ans wer to all the sophistry of their pleas - namely, that labor con- scription would be in direct fragrant violation of the United States Con- stitutioh. Those others who have op posed labor corscription have done so on grounds that concede the es- Sential premise to the slavery champions or relate to non- essential details.
 The Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States is the rock on which the vicious Aus tin- -Wadsworth slavery bill will suf- fer shipwreck, unless a majority of the Congress and the President of the United States commit a treason able act by trampling underfoot the Constitution which they took a solemn oath to uphold and defend. Section One of the Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution reads: Neither slavery nor involun4 tary Servitude, except as a punish ment for crime whereof the party shall have duly been convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdic- ton"
 I trust. Mir. Editor, that you will oppose this dangerous bill with all your might and that you will call upon your readers to send to their representatives in Congress appro- priate expressions of their opposi- ton.
 Very truly yours,
 JOSEPH MACKAY,
 Connecticut State Secretary
 Socialist Labor Party.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-09-21
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
 Vicious Practice

Do doctors in any circumstance approve giving infants or young children a small amount of liquor for quieting purposes? (C. P)
 Answer-No. That is vicious practice.
 GingivitiS Is Not Pyorrhea
 I would appreciate any inforna- ton or advice you can give me on what the dentists call gingivitis or pyorrhea. I have had 1t for year or more now, and the dentists do not seem to think there is anything to be done about 1t. (G. s.
 Answer-Send stamped envelope bearing your address and ask for pamphlet "All That Gingiyitis Is Not Pyorrhea." If you would like also the No. Little Lesson in the Ways of Health booklet Save Your Teeth" inclose 25 cents additional do not send clipping, because that causes confusion.
 Mother Knows Best
 feel that articles like the one in which you applauded a pregnant woman for doing all the things she might otherwise do-such as paint ing, working in garden and the like, may do much harm. We lost our first for the very reason that knew no better. We are now ex- pecting a baby in another month. This time, I was more careful to avoid al lsuch activity.
 tMrs. c. P. M)
 Answer-Well. good luck to you this time, but even now you may not know as much as doctor who has never had one.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-09-21

John T. Benson was 72 years of age when he died Sunday at Nashua, N. H. Benson was specialist in wild animals At the age of 20 years he was an animal trainer. He was founder of the Benson Wild Animal Farm in Hudson, and also curator of the Franklin Park Zoo in Bos- ton. There was not much that he did not know about wild animals, and he made them life study. His animal farm attracted many visitors, children in par ticular.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-09-21
Older Army Officers

Reversing a policy adopted when there was q serious shortage of experienced administrative officers, the War Depart ment has gone back to its peacetime custom of retiring all officers below the rank of brigadier general who have reached the age of sixty.
 It has been estimated that the order win affect approximately 900 officers. The War Department declined to make . detailed statement, presumably for req sons of military security, but the order set c great deal of discussion in motion and may be taken up by Congress.
 The War Department confirmed re- ports that some few exceptions in general office rank had been made, but it did not state why officers of high professional rating and good physical condition were retired from assignments which must be given to younger men, presumably with advances in rank.
 The Arny's duty to retire or reclasSify officers for any reason which 1t deems necessary to the efficiency of the military establishment is not questioned. And it is conceded that under pressure of the war emergency some decisions, such as this horizontal order on an age basis, may inevitably impose injuStices.
 But there will be no implication of less than the highest motives if some mem- bers of Congress who served as Army officers in the First World War decide to ask the War Department for more in- formation.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-09-21
Current Comment

We must preserve the American tradition of freedom to take a chance - to lose your shirt if yol want to.
 Eric A. Johnston, president U. s. c. of c. Only per cent of the Navy per- sonnel wounded in the South Paci- fic have died, thanks in large part to plasma.
 Rear Adml. Ross T. Mcintyre.
 Navy surgeon-general
 We view what lies ahead with the satisfaction that comes from hav- ing thus far soundly beaten a pow erful enemy in every phase of air and sea warfare. -Adml. William F. Halsey, South
 Pacific.
 We must not be satisfied vita boasting about our democracy and fighting to defend 1t. We must als9 strive diligently to improve 1t. Rev. George Vojtko, president
 Slovak Luther League.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-09-21

We expect that every community has its own trials and trubulations. In our own city the other night just as officials were in the middle of primary election count the blackout signal came. Ma turally there were no hitches - in the blackout, and neither were there any in the business of the primary count; just a bit of inconvenience for the very brief period of darkness, and to quote the New Haven Journal Courier, from the stand point of brevity, it was the most success ful raid test yet held: only thirty-five minutes from beginning to end"
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-09-21
THE AUSTIN WADsWORTH BILL WOULD CONSCRIPT
 WORKERS, SAYS WRITER

Editor of The Democrat:
 The Austin -Wadsworth bill now pending before the United States Congress is a proposal to conscript workers. As such, 1t is both auda- cious and unconstitutional. Using as pretext the globe-encircling war, it. self a logical product of capitalist society. the plutocracy and their agents stress the need of what euphemistically they call universal service" or national service, meaning the conscription of labor for privately owned Cor government owned or controlled) industry. Tc give a color of reasonableness to their brazen demands, they tell us with great emotion that, if "our boys" may be forced into military service and compelled to risk their lives on the battlefield, it is only proper and fitting that the rest of us should be compelled to work in specified places and under certain conditions, regardless of our indi- vidual wishes in the matter, regard less of our legal status as free labor.
 The two cases are not at all anal ogoues. The conScript soldier does not serve an individual master. The military institutions of the country are not the private property of in- dividuals who reap personal profit out of the services of the conscripts On the other hand, the industries are privately owned; under capital ism, they are the private property of capitalists, who harvest vast prof its out of the toll of the workers working in them. It should be ob- vious to any rational person that to justify industrial conscription by military conscription is to resort to dishonest argument, to be guilty of bare-faced swindling. This -justifica- tion was presented boldly by Under Secretary of War Patterson when testifying before the Senate and House Military Committee, he ask ed: If it is democratic to tap q man on the shoulder and send him to fight the Japs in a New Guinea jungle, can 1t be underaocratic tc select a man or Q woman to load shells. work on an airplane. or stay on a farme" The answer Is that ii IS undemocratic. It Is undemocratie as well as unconstitutional to force . man or 6 woman to work in in. dustry ct the behest of . private master or even ct the behest Of c bureaucrat supposedly in the serv- Ice of the people.
 The advocates of industrial con. scFiption. sidestepping adroltly the real question. will among other things try to justify labor conscFlp- ton by thh fact that it has been adopted by Great Britain oF some other ally Of the United States in Ille var. Inc faqt Of 2 particular measure having been adopted by an
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-09-21

great admirer of the U. s. A. and an unhappy advocate of Argen- tine-U. s. cooperation, he has told his government that his res1g- nation was available any time they wanted to accept 1t .. Folks down in Mississippi, where George Allen hasn't voted for years, are wondering where he gets his quali- fications to be secretary of the Democratic National Committee. Maybe its because he is the nephew of Private" John Allen who as a Congrbessman once per- suaded a Republican Congress to vote a fish-hatechery for Tupelo, Miss. At least on thing every one in the State Department agreed upon was the vigorous note to Argentine refusing lend-lease. It was drafted before Sumner Welles resigned as Undersecretary of State Clark H. Minor, Presi- dent of the International General Electric, has gone to London to confer with the Pereln company, biggest tlectric manufacturing firm in Italy regarding the transfer of Perelli subsidiary in Brazil to International General Electric. The Brazilian Government seized the Perelli subsidiary, but now Perelli wants International Gen. eral Electric to take 1t over for Safekeeping Looks as if the international cartels were lining things up again.
 
 Copyright, le43, by United
 Feature Syndicate, Inc.)
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-09-21
A Poor Substitute

Eals food industry, according to reports ln the New York Times, has become the vsrtex of huge political storm. Con- verging on the industry from one side are the memorable forces of rising costs, while, on the other side, are equally potent organizations fighting to force back the already strained price ceilings.
 Political administrators, in seeking to myBld the disfavor of voters, are striving to circumvent natural laws. Their ef- forts, although destined to fail, threaten in ths meantime to disrupt this vital in- dustry and bring hardship to millions of c0nsumers. No one knows this better than retail distributors whose task it is 10 enforce price and rationing rules that are indescFlbably complicated and often have little semblance Of reality.
 People must recognize that the Issues involving around food production and dis lrItukton axe economic rather than po-
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-09-21

Oh, men may come and men may go, but ration books go on forever. So 1t would seem. Well they will go on for 8 considerable time, at least Washington, D. C., tells us that Ration Book 4, which goes into circulation in November is planned to last two years. If you have not yet learned to master the intricacies of previous ration books prepare to know less about Ration Book 4. We are ir- formed there will be an October registra- tion the last ten days of October and the book will combine point and unit stamps. So prepare for new order of things next month.