davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1943-06-12
Second Well
Is Flowing In
North Pool

4w0A A44 4 00A
A rig burned over flowing oil
well In northern Cut Bank field
without the loss Of q barrel Of OIL,
il became known this week. The
well is Glacier Production companys
MscGuiness no. quarter Of
q mile north Of this company's
NO. / discovery well in a new pool
on the north end OF the gas field
This well was reported last week to
have passed through the upper Sun
burst sand with a show Of oil and gas.
Gas coming up between the strings Of
casing became ignited as the bit had
penetrated IL feet into the upper Sun
burst sand, at 2s45 feet. The control
head was closed at the time and the
well began flowing as the gas set fire
to the derrick. The oil flowed through
the flow line to the stock tanks some
distance from the rig and the fire did
not reach the tanks. The well is this
week making $40 barrels per day of
high gravity oil. The discovery well had
an initial Of 800 barrels per day, also
flowing.
Glacier Production this week spotted
its No. well, this one a quarter of
mile due north of the No. 2.
This was one Of three new locations
in Cut Bank this week. They follow:
GLACIER PROD. MACGUnEsS
UNIT NO. s.
Sc NWM SwA 5-35-5W
Rig. Footage is 1850 north of south
and 900 feet east of west line.
TRIGooD-TRIBAL 2S2 NO. f.
Sc seq SEA SO-32-5W
Rig. Footag els $50 north of south
and $50 feet west of east line.
ANDERsoN-FEE NO. L
Sc NEM sWA 31-S2-5w
Rig. Footage is $50 north of south
and 2310 east Of west line.
Following is drilling report of Cut
Bank field:
CA. O. r. oil-Trihal 2O7 NO. 3
ssE sWA NEA 29-s2-5w
Spudded 5-25-43. Colorado shale, 800;
10-inch cemented at 800; drilling, $50.
ooBB-TRIBAIs 202 NO. s.
Sc SWA NEA 24-s2-6w
Spudded 5-22-43. Drilling ATS.
GLACIER PROD. -Mac0UREss NO. 2
Sc SWA SWH 5-35-5W
Colorado shale, 634; 1O-inch at 642
Rig burned; flowing $40 bbI per day
from upper Sunburst sand, 2s33-3s45.
GLACIER PRODUCTION MILLER
NO. 12-
@ swA NwA 33-3s-5w.
Location.
GLACIER PROD. -THAYER NO. 8
G EEMNEA 2S-S5-5w
spudded 4-2O-42. Colorado shale,
$50; 10-inch eemented at COS;
drilling, 2145
HANLoN -CoBB-TRTBAL 224 NO. l.
Sc SEN SEA 1s-s2-ew
Completion, 5-17-43. 7-ineh at 1900;
sunburst sand, 2ssO-2s0O, show oil;
upper Cut Bank 2920-295O; lower
Cut Bank, 2s5O-296s; Ellis, 1858;
total depth, $685. Fluid level 1900 #.
Shot with $50 qts nitroglycerine /;
shot, $50 qts.; swabbing so Dbl.
HANL0N- TRIBAL 226 NO.
Sc MEX SWA 25-S2-6W
Spudded 4-22-43; drilling, 301s.
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1943-06-12
WHY WE ARE HERE

"Only an informed and vocal public
can kill this unhealthy growth (expan-
sion of government by bureaucratic
ediet) which, in so many countries OF
the world, has made the individual little
more than cipher. Let no one believe
any government has magic enough to
give something for nothing" -R. P.
Barbour, president, National Board Of
Fire Underwriters.
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1943-06-12

HAYEEH-KIESEL NO. l.
@ NEASEM 1s-35-5W
spudded CLAP. Drilling 1870
KULLBERa-TRxBAL no. l.
Sc 9WA NEA 25-32-ow
spudded 4-14-43; Colorado shale, 700;
l0-inch cemented at 725; finch ce-
mented at 1904; completion 5-29-43;
Sunburst sand SO17-SO25; upper Cut
Bank 3060-3075; lower Cut Bank
s075-3086; Ellis S0s6; total depth
sl04; fluid level 900 it.; swabbed
IS bbl.; shot 90 OTIS. Swabbing Is
Dbl.
SANTA RITA HALvERsoN No. s.
C SEA NEA e5-s4-6w.
Rig up
SANTA RITA-JoRDAN No. z
C sWA NEN 1e-32-5W
spudded 5-5-43; Colorado shale, ASP;
10-inch at 500. Drilling, $500.
SANTA RITA-sTATE NO. p
C sWH NEH 12-Ss-6W
= spudded 6-5-43; drilling $50.
SANTA RTTA-TRIBAL NO. Is
CNwK SwA 10-s5-6w
Spudded 5-12-43. Colorado shale, 5s7;
10-inch at GIT. Drilling 1855.
TExACo-BoNNET NO. T.
@ SEA SWA s-S2-5w
Completed 4-4-43; 7-ineh cemented at
2940; sunburst sand, 2Ss3-2000 and
2903-2926, show Of oil, 2920-2926;
upper Cut Bank, 2935-2965; lower Cut
Bank, 2965-2975; Ellis, 2s75; total
depth, 1880; fluid level, 900 feet;
swabbed 90 Dbl, "a hours. Shot, 80
qts. nitrogIycerine; ten-day average,
Al Dbl.
The Nome nugget., 1943-12-24
ACS OFFICES BUSY PLACE

At this time of year there $ an additional strain on the al- ready crowded transmitters and receivers, of the ACS, with sea sons greetings added to the list of messages.
 The personnel of the station operating section are congenial and most courteous to the pub lie, who sincerely appreciate the service the boys are doing for Nome. Personally we think some of them belong in the diplomatic service.
 Tn other words, we feel that Uncle Sam has dealt us fine bunch of brass pounders' for the Nome Office.
 The following is a list of the 1 boys who send and receive youl messages; Sgt. Robert L. Dick erson, T-4s Edwin M. Anderson Richard E. Collard, Mitchell M Daniloff, Steven D. Fuller, Rich ard E. Holthaus, Fred J. Kolash Harold V. Wymore, Cpl. Georg, W. Wiswell, T-5s Robert ( L o W e, Norman W. Johnson Clarence R. Walker, Pies Johl A. Riggs, Raymond J. Bolin Van Emerson, Chester S. Gold stein, Jack M. Griffith, Wilbu l.. Irwin, Robert F. Kruse, Fran] c. McCurdy, Pvts. John A. Tim mer, George H. Henneke, Alfre, w. Roberg, Gordon P. Jones
The Nome nugget., 1943-12-24
CARNEGIE MAKES GIFT OF BOOKS

Last year the Carneg;e Cor poration appropriated $5,000 to the American Library Associa- tion, to be used for the provision of small collections of reference, technical, and scientific books to the civilian Libraries ;n Alas ka
 An offer of $500.O0 in books was made to ten Libraries, in- cluding the Kegoayah Kozga Library Corporation, which has sponsored the Library located in the City Hall The Club mem bers selected a number of vol umes from a special list prepar- ed by the Extension Committee of the Pacific Northwest Library Association, and have now re- ceived a varied assortment of technical and reference books, which have been catalogued, and placed on the library shelves for the use of all persons in the community
 The books include Dykes Au- tomotive Encyclopedia, Mechan- ics and Toolmakers Handbook, Architects Handbook, Woodcarv- ing, The Future of Television Radio Code Manual, DreSsmak- ing and Design, Bible Dictionary Behind the Sulpha Drugs, Plas. l-ticS and Their Manufacture Man and Structure, Prospector: Handbook, Sanitation, Smal Boat Building, Formulas, How to Read Blueprints, How to Rur a Lathe, American Diesel En zines, and many other topica volumes.
 Any of these books are avail able during the Library hour of one to two on Wednesday af Iternoons, and seven-thirty to
The Nome nugget., 1943-12-24

L. NERYONE will be using L lots of evergreen thls year for all kinds of home decora- ton, and even on Christmas packages and for party fa- vors. You'll find that you can have more fun, as well as greater success jn using them, if you can identify th> various types ot evergreen and use each type to the best advantage.
 r really isn't difficult to tell taer apart. although you may be Q ltt confused at first by the obvious sin lariiies. But the differences are as great and the accompanying lure will help you to dIst0sns . glance some ot the oHsfa mes.
 SH4AaA Ills AGaQ Ol 4!4 AtailAIiAfs ii1I 'ahN plae. An example ot this type IS he Colorado blue spruce JC), so called because ii has q ouish ap- pearance. especially when Inc trees are young Another lovely example If this type is the Norway spruce Al
 l. will probably help you 10 dis oHish between the fl and the .pruce fl you remember that fir cones stand erect on the tree, while spruce cones hang down Also, when fir needles fall they leave .nooth stem. Spruce needles leave } rough stem.
 Most evergreens a1e coniters.
 1at is. they bear thei1 seeds in
 aes. An exception IS the yew If
 have an evergreen hedge, the
 ices are good that ifs yew, one
 4e most beautiful as well as one
 ne most pokulaT, evergreen
The Nome nugget., 1943-12-24

me on Friday evenings. Any two. with the exception. of >tho World Atlas, World Encycloped- ia Books. and Who's Who. may be withdrawn from the Library for one week without charge, after a deposit has been made. The deposit will be refunded with the return of the with drawn books.
 Any fiction books may be withdrawn at a rental cost of l0c a week.
 The Library facilities are open to anyone interested. military or civil.
The Nome nugget., 1943-12-24

Theodore 5. 0fen. Herman Sin ner, Donald R. Smith, Glenn r. VanderBrink.
 Tech Sgt Clarence Richter is Operator in Charge and has been ln Nome for several years. has many friends. is active in sports. particularly tennis, and IS a lover of fine music. We have known Bud Richter for quite some time, and We find he has absolutely no bad habits, and is not even tough top kick, but mas way about him that com mands certain results.
The Nome nugget., 1943-12-24
FIRES VISIBLE 40 MILES

Continued rom Page One -3uSIJ mo % on. ql!m 'aJolu oMl CTS shot down and one Mitchell bomber badly damaged.
 The Headquarters spokesman said the enemy ali strength at Wewak and Rabaul was now much less than several months ago.
The Nome nugget., 1943-12-24

of station WXLN, in view of the ban on public gatherings. for Xmas Eve and Xmas Day.
 For Xmas Eve there will be q special class of entertainment. also greetings from General Buckner and General Jones. Al .tg 7gss9 N N dntgbte G8se5@J1 E P.E,;,is. E;,i.
The Nome nugget., 1943-12-24

begin broadcasting al ll.3V. am. and be on the air continuously until midnight.
 At 4:30 p. m. Reverend Booker will hold Christmas Day Ser vice, which will include Christ mas Hymns and Carols
The Nome nugget., 1943-12-24

will give a service over the ar. Recordings of Chrlst1nas Carols will be played. as part of the service. Also for Christmas Eve there will be played a special recording by Big Crosby Tn which he depicts q Californian s view of Nome. The recording was made especially fer the boys in the Armed forces. but be sure and listen in Christmas Eve when the recording will be play ed at 6:30, goo and 11.15 p.ma it is really an earfuI don't miss it.
 a. pGIs tn4ss, L.aA a,A3, M&1N ..,5 E m Mill M Hfas9 pJsr1 tts Yhsa !
The Nome nugget., 1943-12-24
RADIO PROGRAMS FOR HOLIDAY SEASON

Christmas Eve and Christmas Day programs over WXLY. "Tbe Voice of the Arctic
 Additional programs h Y e .sn 0een s sFgan 5 gs9 52r tas 5s5ssqeIs
Imperial Valley press., 1943-10-22
Ind v
Stops
II ere
Famous fIier Is
Guest at Station
Showing Off Plane

Col. Charles A. Lindbergh,
the Lone Eagle of America
whose nonstop solo plane
flight across the Atlantic
ocean made aviation history,
spent Wednesday night and Thurs
day at the Ell Centro marine air
station, state officials revealed Fri
day.
He flew a fighter plane to the
station and demonstrated it to the
various fighter groups now taking
their training there. The aviators
praised Col Lindbergh's flawless
flying technique, declaring that his
handling of the plane was superb.
FLY NEW PLANE
Various members of the fighter
groups were permitted to fly the
new plane and try out it's features.
Col. Lindbergh arrived at the sta
ton Wednesday night and spent
all day Thursday demonstrating
the plane, letting the fighter groups
take it up, and discussing its fea-
lures with them.
The famous flier's visit to the
station was unofficial officers said
Col. Lindbergh lived up to his
reputation of being reticent and
reserved, confining the major por-
ton of his conversation to the
technicalities of the plane he was
demonstrating and the fine points
of flying technique.
He was understood to have left
Continued on page 6, col. .
Imperial Valley press., 1943-10-22
Police Look into
SD. Mans S Death

LOS ANGELES, Oct. 22-CUP)-
Perry W. Evans, 81 prominent in
San Diego and Coronado society
and telephone company executive,
died at California Lutheran hos
pital today under circumstances
that police Immediately began in
vestigating.
Police said Evans arrived here
Wednesday from business meeting
in New York and registered at a
local hotel.
Last night the hotel physician
received an anonymous telephone
call from a woman who said a man
was injured in Evans room. A
nurse went to the room, and found
Evans unconscious on the floor
with his classes broken. A cut an
inch long was over his left eve.
Doctors at the hospital refused
to sign a death warrant, police
said, and the coroner ordered a
post mortem examination to de-
termine cause of the elderly mans
death.
Imperial Valley press., 1943-10-22
Cat Enters into
BuhumuS Trial

I tioning today that the cat will
figure prominently in the effort tC
establish an alibi for the young
French nobleman, who is charged
with the murder.
The statement De Marigny gave
police upon his arrest 35 hours
after Cakes dubbed and burned
body was found, was read by Maj
Bert Pemberton, assistant COM
missioner of police in Nassau. 1t
said:
This is a ridiculous charge, as l
had no reason to do it. 1 had dim
ner at my house and took home
Mrs. Jean Ainslie and Mrs. Dorothy
Clark, returning to my home i'm
mediately. My servant left shortly
afterwards. I went to bed.
CAME TO ROOM
Il was awakened about 3:15 a. m.
when Giumbeau It he Marquis
Georges De Visdelou Guimbeau
who lived with De Marigny) took
Betty Roberts (the Marquis girl
frienO home. And again shortly
afterwards when Georges came into
my room to get his cat.
II awakened early and went tO
the chicken farm, later returning
to the postoffice. I can say surely
that have not seen Harry to talk
to since March 49,"
Two of the guests at De Mari
gny's house the night in question
Mrs. Clark and Mrs. Ainslie-have
testified of their presence there
Each was asked by Higgs if she
noticed the Marquis cat. Both wo-
men replied, yes"
The defense attorney is attempt
to show that at about the time
Oakes was murdered, the Marquis
entered De Marigny's room to get
his cat and found De Marigny in
bed
Pemberton, before reading the
statement, was called by the prose-
Continued on page 6, col. -
Imperial Valley press., 1943-10-22
Gypsy Dies at
Brothers Hands
CURITIBA, Brazil, Oct. 22 (UP)

CURITIBA, Brazil, Oct. 22 (UP)
- Feres Alexandra, 25, Gypsy,
told police today he had carried
out a family death sentence OH
his sister, ZOine, 18, imposed be-
cause she had lost her honor. He
shot her while she screamed for
mercy, he said.
After he had told his story, his
brother, Gonzalez, a state police
man, tried to knife him, but was
rCtrained by other policemen.
Feres said his family, except for
Gonzalez, met in council after
learning that ZCtne, a war factory
worker, was having an affair with
a local businessman. His father,
he said. wrung the story from the
weeping Girl and she was SEN
fenced to die at her brothers
hand.
Feres said ZOine followed him
reluctantly TO a lonely hill, plead
ing Don't kill me, for the love of
God" When he sent bullet
into her breast she ccreamed,
'Feres, don't kill your sister" He
then fired two bullets into her
head, he said.
Imperial Valley press., 1943-10-22
Dewey Won't Be
Candidafe..Wi||kie

SYRACUSE, Oct. zz. - UP-
Wendell L. Willkie said today ne
was convinced that Gov. Thomas E.
Dewey of New York will complete
his full four-year term at Albany
and will not be candidate for the
1914 Republican presidential nom-
ination.
Willkie, who defeated Dewey for
the nomination at Philadelphia in
1910, expressed his views after ad-
dressing Syracuse political rally
last night in behalf of Senator Joe
r. Hanley,( the party's candidate
for Lieutenant Governor.
In discussing state issues. Willkie
said Dewey had given New York
sound, clean and able administra-
tion,' which the people can expect
from him during the coming
years.
Imperial Valley press., 1943-10-22

: IaShlng out along the SmOlenSk-
Orsha road on the central front,
the Russians threw into battle sew
n divisions of more than 100000
men after an intense artillery bonn
bardment which lasted several hours,
Nazi broadcast said.
THE Soviets failed to achieve
success" a Berlin report stated
on the new offensive.
simultaneously the DNB news
agency broadcast an admission of
German retreat northwest of
Chernigov, where only yesterday
a new Red army offensive was re-
ported.
LINES WITHDRAWN
German lines northwest of Cher
nigov had to be withdrawn in view
of the smashing superiority in men
and arms of the enemy" the broad
cast said.
MOSCOW, Oct. %. (UP)-Russian
troops Topping off the German-held
Dnieper bulpe rased past the half
way mark southwest of Dneprope-
trovsk today, carrying the great
battle of the undermined Nazi river
line into what the Soviet press
called mass murder"
The British radio, quoting Rus
sian front dispatch, said the Ger
man positions above Krivoi Rog in
the Dnieper bend have lost all
semblance of line, and the enemy
is fighting hastily improvised ac-
tions from one point to another"
Red army assault forces were
closing against Krivoi Rog within
so miles Of Kikopol on the south
side of the bulge. Melitopol, gateway
to the Crimea, was in Russian hands
save for Nazi toehold in the
northern outskirts. On either side
OF kiev tremendous forces of tanks,
guns, planes, and troops were lock-
ed in mortal combat
Russian military reports left no
room for doubt that the battle of
the Dnieper was a decisive show
down. They said the Germans were
fighting with a desperation in
duced only by the realization of
being on the brink of a great tis-
aSter
IF the Dnieper line won't hold
the Russians, what will?" was the
dominant complaint of the few
continued on page 6. col. %
Imperial Valley press., 1943-10-22
yunkS
Gain 4
Miles
Americans Near
New Defense Line
On Road TO Rome

A L Ii E d HEADQUAR-
TIERS, Algiers, Oct. %. (UP)
American S h ock troops
pressing four miles closer to
the new German defense lire
Iathwart the road to Rome have
captured b: storm the transport
towns of Piedimonte, D'Alife and
Alife in the heights east of the
Volturno and held them against
stiff German counterattacks, it was
announced today.
Hard pressed German forces,
striking back viciously to gain time
for digging in on the Massico line,
also failed tie British holding
Cancello, on the Volturno river six
miles from it's mouth. They were
beaten Off
The backing and filling along the
line added up to a German delay
ing action impeding the Fifth army
in places but failing to hold up the
United 6 tes thrust to within II
miles of yenafro, eastern anchor
of the new enemy positions.
BOMB POSITIONS
Fo. the second straight day the
northwest African air forces yester-
da; splattered bombs and bullets
yver the German positions behind
the fighting front Italy and struck
across the Adriatic to attack key
communications targets at Skoplje,
Jugoslavia.
The revived aerial campaign from
recently established bases in Italy
was coordinated with the massing
of men and machines above the
Voltu.no for a full-scale assault on
the German line.
The only specific land gains of
the day on the 91-mile Italian
front was the American squirt north
Continued on page 6, col. L
Imperial Valley press., 1943-10-22
State War Chest
Chiefs in &c. to
Perfect Campaign
Ell Centre Quota for
Big Drive Is Nearly
$4,000; Plans Made

With a quota of approx
mately $29,400, Ell Centro'S
Community War Chest exec
utive committee met Thurs
day night at the chamber of
commerce to perfect organization
for the campaign which will open
early in November.
Meeting with the local commit
tee of which Roy H. Womack is
the chairman, were the following
state and district officers: B. v
Sturdivant, state public relations
chairman; Hubert Voight, state
publicity chairman; A. B. Ruddock
state president and chairman
for the l3 southern counties, and
Victor Adams, public relations
chairman for the 13 southern coun-
ties.
Problems of organization and of
publicity were discussed with the
committee and all details COM
pleted for launching of the cam
paign.
This year, instead of holding sep
arate drives, at the request Of
President Roosevelt, a combined
community and war chest campaign
is being conducted throughout the
nation SO that only one campaign
for funds will be made with the
exception of the American Red
Cross which will have it's annual
drive in March.
Local agencies plus those organ
izations which help the fighting
forces, such as War Prisoners Aid
United Seamans Relief and USO
with those which help the suffer-
ing allies as Greek, Russian, United
China, Belgian, war relief, etc. are
combined in the one drive with the
county quota of $4,000.
Hugh Wilcox, campaign man.
ager explained that Ell Centros
quota for the war fund is $1,000
Continued on Page 8, Col A
Imperial Valley press., 1943-10-22

Losses ITOIIl lIle IdluS " Iilc uil-
precedented hordes of ducks and
blackbirds already have mounted
to alarming proportions, Charles
H. H. Small, executive secretary
of the board for this county, an
nounced, and indications are that,
without relief, crop destruction in
the valley would run into hundreds
of thousands of dollars for the
year
SMALL ALLOTMENTS
Heretofore, farmers have been
allotted only 25 shotgun shells
month with which to cope with the
situation This inadequate alloca-
tion is far from sufficient to fight
the threat, Secretary Small said.
In a long distance call from Los
Angeles, the director of the WPB
for southern California informed
Small that general survey of the
situation throughout the valley will
be started Saturday and that shells
in proportion to the apparent de-
mand will be issued farmers.
This order, however, will be con-
fined to bona fide operators of
ranches and will not mean addi-
tional shells for men who come
under the specific classification of
seasonable hunters.
HARDEST HIT
Among farmers hardest hit are
the growers of rice, milo maize
newly planted alfalfa fields and
barley crops, officials said.
While rice acreage this year is
considerably less than that under
cultivation a year ago, the 1943
yield will be greater if birds are
controlled, because of improved
methods and the introduction of
better types of rice seed into the
district, officials stated.
Imperial Valley press., 1943-10-22
Out on a Wing.
Back Is Cadets
Flying Experience

PHOENIX, Ariz., Oct. %.
(UP)-Quick thinking of a
Thunderbird field flight in
structor saved the line of an
army aviation cadet, when
the latter was bounced from the
cockpit of a primary training plane
at a low altitude, was revealed to-
day by Southwest Airways officials
Cadet Frank Giambra, of San
Francisco, Cal, unaware that his
safety belt had become unfastened,
was making landing with his in
structor, Norbert j. Lypps, when he
was suddenly tossed from his seat
as the ship nosed down at 500 feet
altitude.
Landing astraddle of the fuse
lage, against the tail section S
stabilizer, Giambra clung to guy
wires while the instructor, aware of
his predicament, quickly decided
that landing would be extremely
dangerous.
AT LOW ALTITUDE
AS the ship flew past the fields
control tower at 200 feet altitude,
Giambra cried
Shall jump, sir?"
Motioning emphatically not to at
tempt a jump at such a hazardous
altitude, Lypps started to take the
plane back up in gradual climb.
The task was doubly difficult, for
Giambra's position affected the
planes response to the controls.
Finally, at the safe height of $500
feet, Lypps retarded the engine,
went into a very gradual glide. and
motioned Giambra to attempt to
Continued ON page 6, col l.
Imperial Valley press., 1943-10-22
President Cites
Warship A|chiba

WASHINGTON, Oct. c2.-(UP)-
The White House announced that a
slight head cold and a few aches
in the body" had compelled Presi-
dent Roosevelt to cancel all ap-
pointments for today including his
press and radio conference and his
regular cabinet meeting.
White House Press Secretary
Stephen T. Early said the decision
to cancel all of Mr. Roosevelt's
appointments was purely precau-
tionary" and that the chief eXecu-
tive had no temperature.
Imperial Valley press., 1943-10-22
GREAT new RUSSIAN DRIVES UNDERWAY
Rocks or Shots,
Fines the Same

City officials were crediting
young John w. Shears with being
crack shot. The encomiums
all stemmed from the police re-
port which said he shot out four
street lights Wednesday night
i'm four tries with 20 gun.
Young Shears objected to the
report. There was no gun at all
he said. He did it with rocks.
well, as far as l know the $50
he was fined for his fun still
stands. The price is the same.
The lights were busted whether
he did the job with stones or a
rifle, was Police Chief ROnnie
VOyles' lacOnic observation.