davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-04-12

DR.. John w. Studebaker,
United States Commissioner of
Education. speaking before the
Institute Of Educational Recon-
struction at New York University,
said the educational system of
the Axis countries must be de
contaminated" of Hitler ideas.
And, apparently, it is our busi-
ness to do it.
Now, if we cannot adequately
educate our own people, I don't
see how we can educate ANYBODY
else. And, furthermore, anybody
who thinks that Hitlerian ideas
are confined to and grow out
of the German and Italian sys-
TENS of education, exclusively,
does not understand the nature
of FaScism.
Fascism can blossom out of the
educational system of every
single country on earth today,
including our own. For the
essence of Fascist education
is nationalist education, which
makes out Of ones own nation
the center of the world and
creates that superiority complex
which sees in ones own nation
the center Of the power. intelli-
gence, morality, ingenuity and
Righteousness Of the globe.
Reform Includes All.
There is. for instance, a big
shot of Nazi theology in the idea
that we, singlehanded and alone,
can reform the whole education
of Europe.
The education of the Axis can
only be reformed in the frame-
work of a general re-education
for all of us. And especially is
this re-education necessary IN
the teaching of history.
One of the first reactions of the
revelations of the Times was to
deplore the substitution of social
studies for courses in history.
Actually, this substitution repre-
sents a growing recognition that
history, economics and geography
and, for that matter, literature
and culture-are all part of the
same thing, various expressions
Of the unfolding story of man.
kind in various epochs. 1t is a
recognition of the lack of inte-
grafton in our education-the
lack of conference.
AS l pointed out in a previous
column, it is lack of conference
which makes it all but impossible
for children, except those gifted
with glib memory, to remember
facts. For facts are not pegs
on which a structure is built. A
thing learned here does not re-
late to anything learned there.
Little Understanding.
Our relations with the British
Empire. and Commonwealth are,
for instance, complicated by the
Evening star., 1943-04-12

In the meantime, with the
British 9th Army's capture of
Sfax in Central Tunisia, the en-
emy's supply points have been
cut down to only one important
port, Bizerte, which will soon be
subjected to continual air bonn
bardment by the Allies.
That the Nazis will fight as
long q delaying action in Tu-
nisia AS possible is a foregone
conclusion. The Afrika Korps,
after losing some 10000 men and
much material, has now reached
the hilly section of Tunisia. Be-
hind these natural barriers, which
have been strengthened by pill
boxes, forts and mine fields, the
entire German-Italian force, es-
timated now at between 10000
and 10000 men, will attempt to
sell its hide as expensively as
possible.
This sacrifice army must try to
keep the Allies busy In North
Africa for several more weeks.
May Start Russian Drive.
In most military quarters it is
believed the Nazi high command
hopes to be able to start another
major offensive against Russia
as soon as weather conditions
permit. The blow of the fall of
Tunisia will thus be offset-so
the Nazi propaganda machine is
said to believe-by the announce
ment of new victories against the
U. S. S. R.
While the Tunisian campaign
Is to the United States and Brit
ain major achievement, the
German people are continental
minded and are likely to feel the
blow less If they are given news
Of victories against the Red
armies.
A scale campaign against
the Soviet cannot be undertaken
under the most favorable cir
cumstances before the middle or
end OF May.
The idea that Hitler wants to
gain time to complete a protect
ing wall in Europe is being dis
counted In competent military
circles.
Not Enough Men.
1t Is not believed here that the
Nazis are attempting to surround
Europe with a continuous line OF
Notifications such as the Maginot
Evening star., 1943-04-12
The Great Game of Politics
Formidable Opposition Seen os Upsettine Commission
For La Guordio ond Food Conference Censorship

velt's own and he relinquished 1t
with great reluctance. 1t is true it
never got beyond tentative sug-
gestion subtly conveyed from Of
f1cial sources. But, despite the
Davis denials, the purpose behind
it and the man behind it were both
perfectly understood by the corre-
spondents. They knew that "sug-
gestions" or requests" or invita-
tons from the Government these
days have the full force of a COM
mand and the correspondents who
effectively and publicly protested
before that stage was reached de-
serve full credit.
Precedent Effort Suspected.
In the case OF last years tour,
there was a reason connected with
the protection OF the President, and
the press, though unconvinced. ac-
quiesced in the restrictions without |
protest. In the food-conference case
there Is no question involved either
of the safety Of the President or the
preservation Of military secrets.
What the newspapers saw in that
emi-jocular" Roosevelt press con-
ference comment and the subsequent
suggestions" that came from the
Owl and White House Secretary
Stephen Early was presidential
move toward curbing independent
reporting Of non-military and nom
political happenings. Perhaps they
were, as Mr.. Davis says, mistaken,
but not many OF them think so and
their opposition was based on solid
grounds.
There was, first, the conviction
that if the President should be sue
cessful In having the press submit
to his suggestion" precedent
would be esta blished by which the
same curb could be applied to all
subsequent conferences and a sys-
tenn created by which the press, the
radio and the public regularly would
depend for information on what a
Government bureaucrat considered
they should have.
Mr.. Roosevelt's comments con-
corning the food conference-ando on
numerous other occasions-leave no
room for doubt that that is exactly
what he would like to arrange. His
notion OF an ideal newspaper ap-
pears to be one that will print what
he thinks ought to be printed and
nothing else. This is not in accord
with the -four freedoms" or any
theory of democratic government.
1t is-and always has been-the
dream of the vulnerable politician
who shrinks from criticism and
hates his critics.
Favored Third Term Draft.
The other reason for the news
paper reaction against what is now
said to be the unfounded notion
that they might have to rely on
the Owl for news coverage, Is an
increasing distaste for Mr.. Davis.
When he first took Office, Mr..
(see KENT, Page A-l2D
Evening star., 1943-04-12

to the strength and character OF
the opposition. In the matter OF
the Mayor, several Senators had
made 1t clear that there would be
determined opposition to his con-
firmation and that a lot Of en-
barrassing questions would be asked.
Secretary Of War Stimson's an
nouncement merely marked the end
of a very strange incident highly
favored by New York politics.
In the case Of the newspapers,
while they had no option to COM
pliance with what they understood
to be the White House wish. 1t
was made clear that they would do
80 under protest and that there
would be reverberations in Congress
and the country. The result has
been a change in the White House
attitude.
Not only have the food conference
restrictions been repudiated as hav-
ing never been contemplated, but
on his next tour, If any, at least
some independent correspondents
will accompany the President. To
this extent the resistance to what
was generally considered a plan to
extend censorship of the press has
produced a gain,
Not Davis Idea
Accepting as true Mr.. Davis state
ment that there never was any idea
of having the Owl take over the
press function of reporting the con-
ference, 1t seems that the pretty
little idea just was to discourage
the press from attending it by hold
ing it in some small, out-of-the-way
place, which when filled with dele
gates could accommodate only
few neWspapermen.
Thus, the press attendance would
be limited to the press associa ton
representatives. This would bar the
independent correspondents as ef-
fectually as they were barred from
the Presidents "trip OF inspection"
last year.
1t is fair to say that this was not
Mr.. Davis idea. 1t was Mr.. Roose-
Evening star., 1943-04-12
On the Record
We Need to Learn How to Educate Americans
Before Attempting to Reform Europe's Schooling

fact that millions of Americans
still see the British as red
coats Anti Semitisn, among
other causes, rests in the fact
that the Jewish theological oil
garchy of 1000 years ago con-
nived at the crucifixion Of Jesus.
We have so little understanding
of the evolution of Germany and
Europe, that the Vice President
of the United States can say
that Naziism is only continua-
ton Of ''Prussian militarism, i'm
plying a direct line from Bis
marck to Hitler, although Hitler
ism represents the greatest insult
and break with the Bismarck
tradition. Ignorance is not con-
fined to college freshmen.
Our children are taught the
history of the American Revolu-
tionary War, without ever having
1t related to what was happen
ing in Britain and Europe at
the same time. They read the
speeches of Patrick Henry, but
they cannot give an account of
what Pitt and Burke were think
Ing about the future of Britain
at the same moment. They see
no connection between the Amer
lean Revolution and the Statute
of Westminster, which turned the
British Empire into comething
that never in history has been
called empire" 1t is doubtful if
10 per cent ever heard of that
statute.
Lack Proper Teachers.
History is taught on series
Of parallel tracks that never
meet: American history, English
history, ancient history. Euro
pean history--and at the end
of it no one can give a picture
Of the civilization OF which he
Is an integral part, to say noth-
ing Of the 20-odd other civiliza-
tions, which to some extent
have made him what he is.
Social studies are the first
attempt to abolish this stupidity.
But the difficulty is that we don't
have teachers for such studies.
Such teaching requires a far
more educated mind. and far
more encyclopedia knowledge
than most OF our teachers have.
In our colleges, students are
reading every contemporary and
transition book, many of them
written by commentators like
me. But the dust accumulates
on Aristotle's "Politics," which
really throws a clear white light
on fundamental problems and
forms of government.
First Prerequisite Is Humility.
I seriously doubt whether most
of the people talking about the
re-education of Germany know
anything about German educa-
ton. If they did. they would
draw some immediate lessons for
our own.
The German republic went on
teaching its students out of the
textbooks Of the Hoehnzollern
empire. An educational COM
mission was appointed to reform
German education to conform
with the republics policy of liv-
ing, as a liberal national state,
and as good neighbor with its
European contemporaries. But
the commission got around to the
reform Just about the time that
Hitler took over.
In that commissions report,
We might find something useful
to ourselves, as we'll as to Ger
many.
Re-education should begin
with humility. That is the first
prerequisite for any kind of edu-
cation.
tRelea sed by the Bell Syndicate Inc)
Evening star., 1943-04-12
Jews Reported Killed
In Krakow and Lodz
BY the Associated Press

BY the Associated Press.
LONDON, April 12.-1he Polish
Telegraph Agency said last night the
Germans had erased the Jewish
ghetto at Krakow in a three-day
massacre which started March 13,
and also had eliminated the ghetto
in Lodz.
The fate of the Jews in the latter
city was unknown, but the agency
said it was believed they also were
killed.
The number of victims in the two
large Polish cities was not estimated,
but the agency said it doubted
whether many Jews still were in
either city when the terror started.
Evening star., 1943-04-12

You, too, are supporting the
interests of your country when
you work, sacrifice, and sdUe
save by buying more War Bonds
save by saving more in q
savings account.
Buy all the War Bonds you can
afford to keep. War Bonds help
finance the War; help keep down
imitation; and they are a good
investment for you. After you
have done this, then 49,.
SaUe in a savings account the
money you need as an emer-
gency reserUe and to meet
recurring expenses such as insur-
ance premiums, taxes, fuel bills,
school tuition, mortgage curtails
or interest, and home repairs.
Money in a savings account like
wise helps finance the War and
keep down imitation. Practically
all new savings money deposited
Evening star., 1943-04-12

experts S a y.
The resist
ance of the
Axis t orc e S
has not yet
been broken,
by any means.
But the Ger
m a n S a n d
Italians are
being pushed
IN a corner
more rapidly
t h a n h a d
b e e n antici-
pated.
Evening star., 1943-04-12

men who not
only believe in
the sanctity Of >
the ON e but
who appreciate
what 1t Is to
have a wife rtled
at you. Because
I am s t r / c t ! y
throwing myself
on their mercy.
! want TO ask
them to let this
be a letter to my
wife, Jean. in
@t
Evening star., 1943-04-12
This Changing World
Germons May Attempt to Offset Loss Of Tunsio
By New Campaign to Drive Russians Back

Line Of the French or the West
Wall along the Rhine.
These were built to Withstand
attack from a definite restricted
area. There were sufficient
forces to man such a restricted
line, but if all the armies of
Europe were combined they could
not provide an adequate number
of troops to garrison a chain of
fortifications surrounding Eu-
rope.
To ward off the danger OF the
Allied invasion the Nazis in GER
tain strategic points are con-
structing blockhouses, pillboxes
and occasionally a strong forti-
fication to cover an eventual
Allied landing. New airdromes-
some of them said to be under
ground-and new ammunition
and gasoline dumps are being
built close to the shores of the
Mediterranean as they have
been built along the Atlantic
coast.
Communications Being Improved.
The communication system Is
being improved as much as pos
slble. But the idea that a con-
tinuous wall or chain of for
tifcations extending from Narvik
to the Turkish border is being
erected has been discredited by
all military observers.
There are only few places,
particularly in the Mediterra-
mean, where more than a Com
mando raid is possible. Large
forces can be ferried across the
Mediterranean after the Allies
have complete control of North
Africa. But they can be landed
at not more than or 10 points
which offer suitable facilities, on
q 1,20O-mile coastline.
1t is one of these various points
extending from Marseille to
Salonika that the Nazis are con-
centrating their efforts for de-
fense against an Allied invasion.
All possible eastern landing
places have been ready for any
emergency since 1941.
Concentrate on Islands.
The defenses now extend from
Italy to the Spanish border. In
competent quarters it is believed
that fortification of these pos
sible landing places already has
been completed.
The main Nazi effort, however,
Is concentrated on the defense
of Sardinia, Corsica and Sicily.
The Germans are said to be-
lieve these islands will become
the immediate target of the AL
lies after the conquest Of Tunisia.
They are vital stepping stones
leading to an invasion OF Europe
from the Mediterranean and
cannot be bypassed.
The Nazi garrison in Italy has
been depleted since last Feb
ruary when SIS forces started re-
placing Italian forces in Sicily.
Now, it is reported that Nazi
units are being sent to Sardinia,
where the Italian regiments are
considered unreliable.
Evening star., 1943-04-12

f or t h c o m ing
United Nations
food conference,
W ef e on the
same level as the
disclaimers Of
any idea of max
ing Mayor La
Guardia of New
York a brigadier
general a n d
lust as sincere.
In each case
the backtracking
Of the adminis-
tration was due
Evening star., 1943-04-12
Burglars Steel S430
From Church Rectory

Thieves yesterday broke into the
rectory of the Sacred Heart Church,
Sixteenth street and Park road NV,
and stole s430 from third-f floor
room, the Rev. Ronald Fannon re-
ported to police.
Evening star., 1943-04-12
BY FRANK r. KENT.

The administration disclaimers,
recently made through Elmer Davis,
head Of the Owl, of any idea of
restricting the press in covering the
Evening star., 1943-04-12

suppressed in
Washington by
the bureaucrats
who are anxious
to protect them
selves against
criticism.
Mr.. M urra Y
re V e a ! S that
6 SO. 900 W a r
workers W IL b e
idle within the
n xt tn + e e
m o n t his, that
war plants are
already closing
Evening star., 1943-04-12

S t a t us of
A m er | c a n
e d u C a t ion
in the funda-
m e n t a ! S of
reading, writ
ing, mathe-
m a t i c S and
h i S t o r y,
SnOuld COM
C q e W i t h
G + a n d / os e,
though vague,
schemes or
the re-educa-
tion Of Europe
after the war
Evening star., 1943-04-12

THE DICTIONARY SAYS that a
patriot is lone who loves his
country and Zealously supports
its authority and interests"
Martin Treptow, soldier, was a
patriot There are millions more
like him in our armed forces
today. The Smith family are
patriots on the home front
and there are millions like them.
They are working. They are
saving. They are making the
small sacrifices they are called
upon to make. They will endure
whatever befalls them to endure.
They are doing their utmost, as
If the whole struggle depended
upon them. The only thing they
are not doing yet is
fighting, and Art Smith, father,
may be doing that, too, before
long.
Evening star., 1943-04-12
Jap Subs Active Again
Off Southeastern Africa
By the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
LISBON. April l2.-Renewed Jap
anese submarine activity in the
Indian Ocean off Southeastern
Africa was indicated yesterday when
creWmen of the Portuguese liner
Lourenco Marques arriving here re-
ported picking up SO survivors Of
the 4.986-ton British freighter
Aelybryn near Burban, South Africa.
They said a Japanese submarine
was believed responsible for the sink
ing of the Aelybryn. The survivors
were landed at Capetown.
Evening star., 1943-04-12

HE opinions OF the Oriters this their oDn not
necessarily The Stars Such opinions presented
Stars effort to gue all sides OF questions interest to Its
readers although such opinions be contradictory among
themselves and directly opposed to The Stars
Evening star., 1943-04-12
BY DOROTHY THOMPSON.

Z TtT q VI u Oc7 tco.I
1t is by one of those special
ironies that the revelations of
the Army, Navy and the New
York Times, regarding the low
Evening star., 1943-04-12
BY CONSTANTINE BROWN,

The June l deadline set for the
Allied occupation of Tunis and
Bizerte may now be advanced
two weeks, WASHINGTON military
Evening star., 1943-04-12
Lack ofShips
UnbuIunces
Production
Trouble Lies Not in
Too Many Weapons,
But FouIty Emphasis
BY DAVID LAWRENCE.

Phil Murray, head of the CIO,
has had the courage to tell the
American people something that
has been quietly but effectively
Evening star., 1943-04-12
McLemore
Writes an Open Letter
To Jeon, His Wife
BY HENRY McLEMORE.

LONDON-I write today in tho
hope that all the newspaper editors
who buy this column and all the
editors who handle 1t are married
Evening star., 1943-04-12

in banks Is now being invested
by the banks in Government
Bonds.
Work. SdUe. Do your utmost,
as if the whole struggle depended
upon you. And for whatever
counsel or help you need, come
to The Morris Plan Bank of
Washington the bank that
is alert to your needs, alive to
your way Of life, as an individual
-. the bank to which more than
$4,000 Washington men and
women already look for down.
to-earth guidance with their
wartime financial affairs.
Evening star., 1943-04-12

Do you long to commit the perfect
crime? Murder the Axis BY invest.
ing In War honda
Evening star., 1943-04-12

(See KENT, Page A-l2D
The Waterbury Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.) 1917-1946, 1943-04-19
REPORT FILED ON
TIN COLLECTION
General Results Pleasing
Announces Salvage Cam
paign COOrdinatOr

T8he collection Of tin cans Is still
going strong In spite Of the ration
ing system, w. T. BisSell. coordina-
tor of tin salvage for the state sal
wage committee, said last night.
Hartford took first place in the d.
vision Of communities Of more than
$1,000 populations, with a total COL
lection Of 132,565 pounds or 797
pounds per thousand per month.
Hartford has been the winner for
two successive months and the third
time since prizes were given out.
The March collection for Water
bury has not been estimated IN
terms Of total or pounds per person.
This particular operation was ac-
complished in the past by the late
Francis T. Phillips and nobody has
been appointed to take his place.
However, l1r. Bissell said that Wa
terbury's March shipments of tin
salvage totaled two carloads or
$500 pounds.
March figures for surrounding
towns of Waterbury are: Torring-
ton, 32.l00 pounds; Bristol. 500
pounds: Seymour. l0,350 pounds;
and Cheshire. 1850 pounds.
The Waterbury Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.) 1917-1946, 1943-04-19
DISTRICT OPA
OFFICE OPENS
Ration and Price Control
Staffs Now In Grand ST.
Headquarters

Activities Of the district oPA ra-
ton and price control office were
resumed at the new headquarters on
Grand street this morning after a
weekend spent In moving equipment
from the former location In Tor
rington. The office viii serve the lo-
cal ration boards Of this city, Mid
dlebury, and Wolcott as well as 20
towns in Litchfield count.
John J. Dunn. district manager,
will be In charge Of the local staff.
John A. Melting Is field ration rep
resentative, while william Smith Is
field price representative.
No change in duties has been
made. the transfer of office head
quarters being effected merely for
the purpose of bringing all OPA &C.
Invites into a central headquarters.
The office Is located in the back Of
the space occupied by the OPA
rent administration.
Mr.. Netting said today that no
steps have been taken as yet to
bring staff Of price ceiling In veS-
tigatorS here. The district office does
not have an investigating body, and
Is serving at present as an educa-
tional unit. The purpose Of the Of
flee Is TO keep all local ration boards
informed on new regulations and aid
administrators in placing them IN
effect,
However, it Is believed eventually
OPA investigators from Hartford
may be sent TO work from the local
office. No definite plans have been
made as yet, although such pro-
posalS have been submitted, Mr..
Netting stated.
District meetings will be held In
Torrington as in the past, despite
the change Of headquarters, 1t was
reported. Because Torrington Is
more central In the area covered by
the office, no change in meeting
places has been contemplated, Mr..
Melting stated.
The price representative will as
sist the local price panel, newly In
corporated into the ration board, In
its organization work and Its edu-
cational campaign. Similar aid has
been given by the office to the other
local panels In the district.
Three secretaries are on the dis
trict office staff. The office was
formed last Jan. Is when, the old
county boards, previously In opera
ton, were abolished.