davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-07-18
Allied Military Rule
Set Up in Sicily 10
RehabiIitate Areas
Men Trained Secretly
For Months Take Over
Governing Problems
By The Associated Press.


ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN
NORTH AFRICA. July 1.-THE
invasion of Sicily was barely
hours old before ANGOLA
brand-new branch of the Allied
army-had waded ashore and
unlimbered for action.
AMGOT was so new that not even
the troops had heard of it.
1t means allied Military Gov
ernment of Occupied Territory" and
it is composed of British and Amer
ican officers who have received spe-
cial training in government.
Its function is to administer occu-
pied territories to relieve the actual
fighting forces of the job of secur-
ing the areas in their rear and at
the same time to alleviate hard
ships of the native population.
AMGOT'S job is to restore order
and organization as rapidly as pos
sible after the wave of battle passes
The landing of military govern
ment officers on Sicily was disclosed
today. Gen. Sir Harold Alexander
is the military governor of Sicily
and AMGOT officers will carry out
his proclamations.
AMGOT itself is headed by Maj.
Gen. Lord Rennell of Rodd as chief
civil affairs officer. Brig. Gen.
Frank J. McSherry of the United
States is deputy chief.
Poletti in Division.
Former Gov. Charles Poletti of
New York is in Gen. Dwight D. Eisen-
hower's civil government division,
but it is not known whether he now
is in Sicily. GA British correspondent
reported a former New York Gov
ernor was in the invasion fleet but
did not give his nameD
An official announcement said
Amgot had mo political implica-
tions of any kind that it would
be benevolent to civilians but would
destroy the influence of Fascism, =
abolish the Fascist Party, and make
no negotiations with exiles or
refugees" Amgot, it added, will
attempt to govern the people of oc-
cupied provinces and cities through
their own officials who are not ac-
tive members of the Fascist Party"
Evening star., 1943-07-18
Restrictions on Japs
In Camps 10 Continue
Byrnes Announces
Dies Probers Plan to
Ask Segregation of
DisIoyoI Elements

The restrictions on West Coast
japanese, who are under the
scrutiny of the Dies committee,
will remain in effect as long as
the military situation requires,
Director James F. Byrnes of the
Office of War Mobilization an
nounced last night.
Mr.. Byrnes issued statement
covering broadly the treatment of
persons of Japanese ancestry in re-
location centers, which was pre-
pared by the War Department and
War Relocation Authority at the
request of President Roosevelt, in
response to Senate resolution
sponsored by Senator Downey,
Democrat, of California.
Declaring that there have been
only minor notifications in the re-
strictions originally imposed when
aliens and citizens of japanese an
cestry either were evacuated from
or placed in relocation centers in
California, the western half of Ore
gon and Washington, and Southern
Arizona, the statement said there
is no present intention to alter" the
curbs, nor is any relaxation under
contemplation" A spokesman for
the WRA said there had been re-
ports that the Government was pre-
pairing to ease restrictions which are
in effect in eight States.
To Ask Segregation.
The reports bore the earmarks of
a defense against some of the con-
gressional charges of loose admin
istration hurled against the 10 re-
location centers, which are directed
by the War Relocation Authority.
Meanwhile, it was learned last
night that segregation of disloyal
Japanese in the 10 centers will be
one OF the principal recommended
tions of Dies subcommittee which
recently completed an investigation
of conditions in the camps.
The subcommittee, headed by
(See JAPS, Page A-1S)
Evening star., 1943-07-18
Fortresses Bag so Nozi Planes
In Half f-Hour Battle With 200
Two Bombers Lost in Clash Oyer Reich;
Americans Make First Rud on Amsterdam

Americans were escorted by Thun-
derbolt fighters and returning crews
reported that few enemy planes got
far enough through the protective
screen even to be seen by the bomb
erS.
Nazis Called Persistent.
The unusually large number of
fighters encountered by the bombers
indicated that "the enemy is ap-
parently maintaining its strong de-
lenses over Northwest Germany
despite demands from other fronts, y
Air Force Headquarters said.
Maj. Virgil L. Emerson, Is. CT
Ames, Ia, who led one group of
Fortresses, said the Nazis were "as
persistent as hell. 1t was obvious
from the way they few that they
were not cadets"
In their latest previous raids
on Bastille Day over Frarce-the
American bombers were credited
with at least As of the 81 fighters
shot down. Total Allied losses that
Evening star., 1943-07-18
u. S. Lieutenant
Runs Captured
Town in Sicily
BY the Associated Press

BY the Associated Press.
TORONTO, July 1.-THE story
of 25-year-old American officer
who is running a Sicilian town of
10000 persons with the assistance
of a paratrooper was told in a
dispatch received here today from
Peter Stursberg, Canadian Broad
casting Corp. war correspondent
in Sicily.
The officer is 1t. Charles Papa
lardo of New York, who landed on
Sicily with a British unit and soon
found himself administering the
captured town-which was not
named-because he spoke Sicilian,
his parents having come from the
Catania region. The assistant is
Pvt. Hank Lokowsky, who was
dropped in the wrong place by his
plane when he came over Sicily
with the paratroopers.
Mr.. Stursberg said 1t. Papalardo
was worrying in case the paratroop-
ers wanted Pvt. Lokowsky back,
which would leave him to carry
on alone In the town, where his
chief problem is to feed the pop
ulation.
Evening star., 1943-07-18

and automobiles is forbidden and
the Metropolitan Police force is
hereby directed to enforce the FORE
going restrictions, the Commits
sioners' order declared.
Instructions were also sent to Dis
trict Departments, ordering them to
eliminate flushing of streets and
sewers and washing of cars. The
National Capital Parks Office said
they would cut out watering of grass
and strawberries.
First word of the break came yes
terday morning when the Engineers
Office announced:
Early today an earth movement
caused a break in the water supply
structure of the Washington aque-
duct system. The break has de-
creased by approximately one-third
the normal supply of water avail
able for use. A repair crew of the
United States Engineers Office is
working to rush restoration of full
service, but it is anticipated that six
days will be required to complete
the work"
More Drastic Steps Unlikely.
David V. Aud, assistant superin-
tendent of the District Water De-
partment, acting in the absence Of
Supt. Humphrey Beckett, said he
thought the elimination of non-
essential uses of water would carry
the city through the week. Col.
Renshaw said that more drastic
steps, such as cutting off air-con-
ditioning systems, would not be
ordered unless continued heat causes
serious drain on the reservoirs.
Many of the large ir-conditioning
(See WATER, Page A-12)
Evening star., 1943-07-18
Nazi Troops Pouring
Into Southern France
Step Believed Aimed at
Protecting Italian Border
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
BERN, Switzerland, July IL
Nazi troops are pouring into the
Lyon region of Southern France
and a dispatch to the Tribune de
Geneve said they now number two
complete armies.
Puzzled inhabitants of the region,
the dispatch said. at first thought
these we're intended to relieve
Italian contingents many of which
left for Italy. The Italians, how
ever, were Immediately replaced by
other troops from Italy.
It was assumed that the Ger
mans were taking additional pre-
cautions for strong cover of the
Alpine frontier between France and
Italy.
A Paris dispatch to the same
newspaper said German officers ex-
pected one or more Allied thrusts
at the French Normandy coast line
as cover for what they believe is
the scene Of the next major inva-
sion thrust-Greece.
From Paris the Tribune also
reported that people were disturbed
by . British radio report that
France would be compelled by Ger
many to 60 to war with Russia 50
that more than 100000 young men
now in the Nazi labor mills could be
put at the front. The correspondent
said the report Was not true although
Germany offered high wages to
volunteers for the Eastern front and
many youths have been sent to the
Ukraine for industrial and agricul-
tural work.
Evening star., 1943-07-18
Relief From Hot Spell
Predicted for Today
After Two Showers
Postor, 80, One Of Z Men
Frustrated by Yesterdays
Top Temperature Of 81

1t will be cooler tonight after a
couple of false starts in that di-
rection, the Weather Bureau
forecaster predicted last night.
Two heat prostrations were re-
ported yesterday and one of the
victims, the Rev. William Tittensor,
80-yearold minister of ALL Four
teenth street, was admitted to Gal
linger Hospital. His condition was
described last night as fair.
The other, James Lawrence, jr.,
26, colored, of ATT N street NV, was
discharged after being treated at
Georgetown Hospital. He was found
unconscious in the $500 block of
Wisconsin avenue NV.
Before the thermometer drops, the
Washington area is scheduled to en-
JOY couple Of showers. Not heavy
ones, the Weather Bureau said-in
fact not much more than a heavy
dew. And before the heat retreats
| the mercury is expected to surge up
again to an unpleasant "a, the top
reading yesterday.
Swimming pools were jammed 70
capacity yesterday and all city
parks were patronized by a full
quota of visitors.
Meanwhile, the city faces seri-
GUS ice shortage if the hot weather
continues, District manufacturers
said.
Because of the manpower situa-
ton and lack of additional equip
ment, the plants are unable to
make enough ice to meet demands.
Ice has been brought in from vari-
GUS places, but many sources of
supply are failing, it was reported.
Storage houses were reported
emptied and orders were being
filled as rapidly as ice became
available. Government cafeterias,
hospitals, restaurants and taverns
are particularly heavy consumers
The ice distributors were hoping
for weeks respite from the heat
in order to replenish their stocks
Evening star., 1943-07-18
BuI|if Seeks Election
Asphi|ade|phia Mayor
Announces Candidacy
In Democratic Primary

BY the Associated Press.
PHILADELPHIA, July 17.-Wil-
liam c. Bullitt, former United States
Ambassador to France and Soviet
Russia, announced himself as
candidate for the Democratic NOM
ination for Mayor of Philadelphia
today.
His formal announcement came
from Washington, where he is con-
fined to his home by a foot injury.
few hours after James P. Clark,
Democratic city chairman, reported
he was the nearly unanimous choice
of the party organizations here.
Mr.. Bullitt is now special assist
ant to Secretary of the Navy Knox.
The Republicans have made no
choice Of a candidate, but ward
committeeman are understood to be
planning action next week. Acting
Mayor Bernard Samuel has been in
the forefront of COP possibilities
until now.
Evening star., 1943-07-18
Soviet Army Drives
6 10 8 More Miles
In 0re| Offensive
a More Villages Token;
Big Guns Now Within
Range Of Key City
BY the Associated Press.

LONDON, Sunday, July 18.-
The Red Army smashed 6 to
miles closer to the Nazi fortress
of Orel yesterday, capturing four
more villages and cutting down
thousands of German reserves
hastily hurled into the breach in
a furious effort to halt the mas
sive Soviet drive on that city, it
was announced early today in
Moscow.
Battlefront dispatches said Soviet
heavy artillery now was within
range of the vital communications
hub seized by the Germans in the
fall of 1941.
A special communique and a
midnight bulletin also announced
that Russian troops had COM
pletely restored" their positions in
the sector between Orel and Kursk
to the south where the German
offensive, begun July 5, had failed
/ with unprecedented losses in man
power and equipment.
The special communique issued
late last night said that in Fridays
fighting in the Orel-Kursk sectors,
1853 German tanks were knocked
out, and LOG planes shot down.
II Tanks Knocked .Out.
In yesterdays battles the later
bulletin said that a total of n tanks
were knocked out and "a artillery
and mortar batteries DESTROYED
along with hundreds of enemy sup
ply trucks.
At least 4.30O more Germans fell
yesterday as the Russians swept on,
beating down German reserves and
gravely menacing Orels defenses
and the railway behind the city run
ming northwest to Bryansk.
German tank crews again were
burying their machines and using
them and their guns as immobile
pillboxes, the Russians said.
The Red Air Force was LAYING
down hail of fire to cover the ad-
vancing Russians who, admittedly,
were meeting desperate resistance
but were rot being stopped in their
effort to unhinge the entire German
line in South-C Central Russia.
Fighting also broke out in the
Caucasus where Russian troops re-
| lc,>~ nI1nHI a
Evening star., 1943-07-18
BY the Associated Press,


LONDON, July 17.-Tight-fy-
ing formations of American
Flying Fortresses, returning
from Northwest Germany un-
escorted, beat off more than 200
enemy fighters in one of the
most clear-cut victories of the
bomber-versus-f fighter war over
Western Europe today while an
other group, with fighter escort,
gave Amsterdam it's first Ameri-
can bombing.
The Americans downed more than
so enemy fighters against a loss of
two bombers in running battle
which lasted half an hour. Some
crew reported between so and IS
Messerschmitt and Focke-Wu at
tacks.
Thus the Fortresses brought their
lop- sided score fol- two conflicts in
four days to almost 100 fighters
downed against. perhaps, 10 bomb
ers lost.
In the Amsterdam raid the
Evening star., 1943-07-18
.15OofHeIenu's S
Grew Rescued
.On Jap Isle
BY the Associated Press

by the Associated Press.
SOUTH PACIFIC HEADQUAR-
TIERS, Sunday, July 18-About $50
seamen who spent week on Jap
anese occupied island in the New
Georgia group of the Central Solo,
mons after the U. S. s. Helena, 9,700-
ton cruiser. was sunk in the first
battle of the Kula Gulf, have been
taken off safely in daring rescue
by our destroyers, headquarters of
Admiral william F. Halsey disclosed
today.
The island was not identified.
(The Helena went down the night
Of July 5-6 during navy battle in
which at least nine Japanese cruisers
and destroyers we're sunk. Most of
about 1000 men aboard, including
Capt. Charles P. Cecil, of Flat Rock,
N. c., were saved.)
Evening star., 1943-07-18
BY JAMES Y. NEWTON.

The Petroleum Administration
announced last night that it ex-
pected to be able to recommend
within the next month or two
the equalizing of gasoline ration
ing in the area east of the Rocky
Mountains, move which will
mean an increase in ration to
the Eastern motorist and less
gasoline for the Midwest and
Southwest.
Off1cials said they could not pre-
dict now how much gasoline the
average motorist will get as a re-
suit of this equalization, but in
all probability" it will mean some
increase along the Atlantic Sea-
Evening star., 1943-07-18
Allied Flyers Pound
Ports and Air Bases
In Southern Italy
so Direct Hits Scored
At San Giovanni, Across
Strait From Messino
By the Associated Press

ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN
NORTH AFRICA, July 17.-Allied
air units, which scored one of
the wars most decisive aerial
victories by virtually clearing the
Mediterranean skies of Axis
planes, closed out the first week
of the Sicilian invasion with fu-
rious new attacks on enemy
supply ports and air bases all
along the southern coast of the
Italian mainland.
While fighters and fighter bomb
ers continued their nonstop as
sault on Axis positions all over
Sicily yesterday, heavy and medium
bombers from North Africa and the
Middle East battered San Giovanni.
Vibo Valentia, Reggie Calabria and
Bari in daylight attacks which
carried the aerial onslaught again
around the clock.
San Giovanni, Vibo Valentia and
Reggie Calabria also were hit the
previous night along with an air
field at Crotone, and an Allied
headquarter communique said many
bombs were seen to burst in the
target areas, starting numerous
fires.
Al IN n;ro,k
San Giovanni, mainland ferry
port directly across the strait from
the vital Sicilian harbor of Messina
and principal embarkation point
in the Axis lifeline from Italy was
hit in daylight by American Flying
Fortresses after Raj Wellingtons
had pounded it by night.
Devastating loads of high explo-
sives were dumped on docks, rail-
road sidings and the ferry line it.
self and aerial Photographs showed
at least so direct hits in the target
area
American Liberators from Middle
East bases attacked the Bari Air
drome, enemy fighter base high on
the Italian boot, covering hangers
administration buildings, dispersal
areas and runways with concentra-
tions of bombs.
Mitchell and Marauder medium
bcmbers, escorted by Lightning
fighters, pounded the air fields at
(See AERIAL, Page Alb
Evening star., 1943-07-18
By John THOMPSON,

Chicago Tribune Correspondent Repre-
senting the Combined American Press.
Distributed by the Associated PressJ
WITH THE 7th ARMY IN SICI-
LY, July 1.-THE American in
vasion of Southern Sicily has been
accomplished with a surprisingly
small cost of lives despite the wild
claims Of pro-Axis radios.
Although cfncial figures have not
been released yet, 1t was apparent
from observations this correspond
ent made along the front that total
casualties fo1 ground troops, air
borne and cir forces last Saturday
were far lower than had been ex-
pccted. ID,
Hospitals set up in the rear of
areas here ss well as in North Africa
to care for large numbers Of wounded
men have been unable to keep their
Evening star., 1943-07-18
American Losses in Sicily
Prove Surprisingly Small

staffs occupied although casualties
from fighting inland are now begin
ming to fill the beds as ambulances
return from the front.
Some of the wounded already have
been evacuated and are still being
evacuated by sea and air.
When Official figures are released,
this correspondent expects the losses
will be much less than expected for
that first day in the air, on the
ground and In the water.
There are many factors to ac-
count for this. Working over the
beach defenses, as well as those in
land. and on the airdromes, USAAF
and Raj planes did much to soften
resistance. Naval gunfire was
deadly and devastating, blasting
coastal guns and Notifications ss
fSaa rrsr1NAfpc0AY r~ 80
Evening star., 1943-07-18
Gortside Suggests
Pans of Water for
Birds and SQUIRRELS

An appeal not to forget the
Districts birds, squirrels and
other wild life during the water
shortage was made last night
by Frank T. Gartside, assistant
superintendent of parks.
He suggested that residents
place pans of water, not over
2 inches deep, where the birds
and squirrels can reach them
without danger from maraud-
ing cats, and that the pans be
kept filled.
after all, they are part of
the permanent population, too"
he said. with public foun-
tains cut off, they are wholly
dependent for water on private
residents now
Evening star., 1943-07-18
U.S.F|yers Sink Seven Jap Ships>
Down 49Warp|anes inSo|omons;
British Drive to Edge Of Catania
200 Aircraft Raid
Buin-Foisi Hurbor:;
Only 6 Are Lost
By the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN
THE SOUTHWEST PACIFIC,
Sunday, July 18.-More than 200
American torpedo bombers, dive
bombers, heavy bombers and
fighter planes - greatest force
ever sent against the japanese in
the South and Southwest Pacific
sank seven ships, including a
cruiser and two destroyers, and
downed 40 Japanese planes yes
terday in 20 minutes of fierce
action.
The big force struck at the BUM
Faisi harbor-northern Solomons
terminal of the Toxic express, y
those fast warships which the Japa-
nese try to slip in at night to aid
garrisons in danger of falling, such
as their imperiled air base at Munda
to the south of yesterdays brilliant
action.
Dauntless dive bomberS, Avenger
torpedo bombers, Liberator and Fly
ing Fortress four-engined heavy
bombers, Corsairs and Lightnings
started great fires and destroyed
nearly half of the warships and mer-
chantment in the harbor at BUM
Faisi, Southern Bougainville.
Six Planes Are Lost.
In addition to the light cruiser
the communique said it was either
that or a destroyer leader-and the
two destroyers, submarine chaser,
a tanker and two cargo ships were
sunk.
The price the Americans paid for
the big aerial victory was six planes.
A third cargo vessel was so badly
damaged by the raiders that it had
to be beached.
Below Bougainville on New Geor-
sia, Dauntless dive bombers support
ing American jungle fighters mov-
ing south toward Munda attacked
enemy positions in the Bairoko area
There was no further report of
ground action around Munda, where
some advanced patrols have pene-
trated within less than TWO miles
of the air base.
Nearby Airdrome Raidcd.
AS the forerunner for the heavy
assault on the Buin-Faisi shipping
a heavy force of Liberators and Fly
ing Fortresses attacked the nearby
Kahili airdrome, starting early in
Friday evening. The series of at
tacks lasted nine hours, starting
many fires and probably knocking
out number of grounded Japanese
planes.
At $40 am. yesterday, Dauntless,
Avenger and Liberator bombers in
great force, escorted by fighters,
moved in for the attack
Zero float planes-land planes
equipped with pontoonS Tor anght-
ing in the water-rose to meet them
and the battle was on.
The bombers steadily pressed
toward the target OF Is warships
and merchantmen American re-
connaissance planes had reported
earlier were in the harbor.
The bombers must have made
almost every bomb count because
they sank 7 out of Is and caused
an eighth to be beached. What
also is important is they bagged
their principal target, the light
cruiser or destroyer leader.
japanese planes dropped out OF
the skies in an almost steady
stream, some burning brightly, 9TH
(See PACIFIC, Page A-16.D
Evening star., 1943-07-18
FurIoueh to Be Given
Men Going Overseas
Nv the Associated Press 9

BY the Associated Press.
Enlisted men will be granted a
furlough before going overseas If
at all possible, the War Department
announced yesterday.
The department said its policy
is to grant furloughs to men going
overseas who have not had one for
six months, or who have had no
furlough since being called to ac-
tive duty, regardless Of length Of
service. Only limitations, the de-
partment said, are those imposed
by urgent military necessity"
Evening star., 1943-07-18
Police Broadcast Alarm
For Comp Lee Soldiers
BY the Associated Press,

6S tHS ASSOcl&ted PreS4.
RICHMOND, Va, July 17.-State
police tonight broadcast an alarm
for six soldiers who were said to have
escaped from Camp Lee, where they
were held as prisoners.
The six were believed to have
taken two provost guards armed
with riot guns along with them, po-
lice said.
Evening star., 1943-07-18
|ckes Plans to EquoIize Gas
In Sections East of Rockies
Some Increase for Atlantic Seuboord Seen;
Pipeline to Free Tank Cars to Haul Oil

board and decrease in the West.
They expressed doubt that there
would be sufficient fuel for much
non-essential driving.
Administrator Ickes explained
that with the completion tomorrow
of the 24-inch pipeline from Texas
to New York and Philadelphia it
will be possible to release a large
number of railroad tank cars to
haul in additional oil from the
West. He said this offers the
transportation fexibility for which
we have been working for many
months"
Mr.. Ickes said his agency was
recommending to the Office of De-
(See GASOLINE. Page A-5)