davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-07-23

Moving south in growing quantities
are vegetable seeds, insecticides and
ftlngicides for use In an inter-Amer-
lean food-growing program. This
south-bound traffic Ii q counterpart
Of the north-bound air movement Of
rubber. mica, quartz crystals, In
dustrial diamonds and other strate-
gic materials the United States Is
receiving from Western hemisphere
sources. The south-bound movement
Of technicians and supplies Is de-
signed in large part to aid the ex-
pansion of production Of strategic
materials, as agreed upon by the
Americas In the Rio de Janeiro con-
ference, January, 1912. As this bat
tie for production moves forward,
the north-bound flow Of such prod
ucts as rubber and quartz crystals
increases.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-07-23

all Mason jars (any brand) With
smooth, even top edges can be
sealed with glass top seal or two
piece metal vacuum seal closures.
Glass top seals consist of glass lid,
rubber ring, and metal screw band.
The rubber is placed around the pro-
lection on the bottom of the lid, then
lid with rubber is placed so that
the rubber rests on top of the jar
The bands are screwed down tight,
then loosened slightly before the jars
are put into a Gamer for processing
and screwed tight Immediately after
the Jars are removed from the can
ner. After the jars have stood twelve
or fifteen hours, the bands are re-
moved and used to seal more jars
with glass lids and rubbers, thus
making a little metal go long way.
That's one reason Government Off
Gals smile upon home Gamers who
use glass top seals.
Another good top seal for Mason
jars is the two-piece metal cap,
called vacuum seal. The lid is
slightly dome shaped, lined with
white enamel and has rubber seal
ing compound around the outer edge
to take the place of a regular jar
ring-(don't let anybody fool you
all sealing compounds contain rub
ber). If one is using old-fashioned
open kettle (never use this method
for canning vegetables), the lids
are boiled few minutes to sterilize,
but need only to be dropped into
boiling water and kept hot if the
jars Of food are to be placed in
Gamer for processing. After the lid
is placed on the jar, the metal band
is screwed tight once for all. Re
Tightening the band after the jars
are taken out of the Gamer is likely
to prevent sealing. The bands are
removed from the jars twelve or fiji
teen hours after the canning is done
and used to seal more lids on other
Jars. Jars sealed with two-piece
metal caps are suitable for all types
Of canning except over-a tightly
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-07-23

sealed jar is likely to break when
subjected to the dry heat of an oven.
Bands for glass top seal and vac
uum seal caps are not interchange
able because a deeper band is need
ed for the glass lids, but the two
have one thing in common. Neither
is rust-proof. That's because of the
zinc shortage, but quick wiping
after each use with a cloth mois-
tened with paraffin will prevent Sc
rious rusting. It will save time and
trouble too, if a cloth is prepared
ahead of time and kept in one of
those glass jars that can't be used
for homecoming. Then when the
cloth is needed, set the jar in a pan
of warm water until the paraffin
softens.
The lightning" jar ESQ called be-
cause it is quickest to seaD requires
very little metal and not too much
rubber for sealing. Several manu-
facturers make this type jar. It
seals with a glass lid and rubber
held in place with wire balls: The
wires used on one nationally known
brand are of heat-treated, high-ten-
sion, stretch-proof. spring steel. This
Is Tie luedi jar lOT ilOIIlG CdIullIlg
any year because it is so easy to
seal. The rubber is placed on the
sealing surface or shoulder, the lid
comes next, then the upper bail wire
is pushed up until 1t rests in the
groove in the top o. the lid. Pay no
attention to the lower wire, it takes
care of itself until after the jars are
removed from the canner-then it is
pushed down against the side of the
Jar and that's all there is to sealing
it.
When buying jars, choose pints for
peas, corn, and shelled beans-and
quarts for all other vegetables. Half
pint sizes aren't being made, and
half-gallons are unsuitable for can
ming vegetables because it takes too
long for heat to reach the center Of
the jar.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-07-23
Resist Frost

Home gardeners are temporarily
suspended between the seasons OF
frost-hazard and frost-free tempera-
lures. But that is no reason why
they should allow the hoe, rake, and
fork to become rusty. They can al
ways plant vegetables which are rea-
sonably resistant to frost.
There are enough vegetables In
that class to give gardeners warm
up for the bigger job of planting
when the danger Of killing frosts is
behind them. Potatoes, for example,
should be put into the ground as
soon as possible. Sweet corn, and
second paintings Of mustard green
and lettuce-leaf lettuce this time
should be planted without delay.
Head lettuce won't ''head' In warm
weather. Black Seeded Simpson Is
O good leaf variety.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-07-23
Judge Asks Intelligence
Tests for Future Jurors

Intelligence tests or some other
method to weed out prospective
jurors who are unable to understand
the complexities of civil trials are
suggested by Federal District Judge
Clarence G. Galston Of Brooklyn,
N. Y.
Judge Galston refers to the fact
that jurors serve as Q ''balance
wheel in the administration of JUS
tice." The Judge continues. "There
Is no rational or experimental ground
which justifies the belief that jury
Is natively endowed with qual6ca-
tions requisite to efficient perform
ance Of It's duties. We make no
such assumption in respect to law
yers, judges, doctors. ministers, en-
gineers, or Of any others who follow
professional or specialized vocations.
Whenever there is competent per-
Torrance in any field Of human en-
deavor, we usually find training and
education. Thus jurors are no more
heaven sent than are the other
groups participating In the trial of
law suit"
Judge Galston comments on the
fact that many Of those who are
summoned as jurors appear in a
courthouse for the first time, where
they find strange surroundings and
hear a new language. Many are
not familiar with the meanings Of
those terms which are taken for
granted by the legal profession. He
states that II the jury system Is to
be preserved In civil causes, as 1t
must be in the federal system, saving
a constitutional amendment, consid-
Grafton should be given to the desir-
ability Of imposing an intelligence
test upon those who are summoned
as jurors.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-07-23
PRISONERS FOR FARMS LACKING

Available labor in the State Penal
institutions for possible release to
plant and cultivate crops on the
farms of the State is none too plen-
tiful, Governor Herbert r.. O'Conor
was notified by the Board of Correc-
ton. Details on the number of pris-
oners available were supplied at the
Governors request, following formal
notification by him to the Board of
Correction some days ago, in accor-
dance with Chapter 773 of the Acts
of 1913, regarding the scarcity of
labor for planting and cultivating
crops on the farms of the State.
OF total population of 1888
prisoners in the three institutions
commemorative Maryland Peniten-
tiary, the House of Correction and
the State Penal farm-938 are now
employed outside the institutions,
Governor O'Conor was advised. This
is somewhat over 35 percent, a high
average.
OF total of sos inmates not now
assigned, and of whom great ma
jority are not suited for outside
work, "a men from the House of
Correction are needed for projects
already contemplated. This will in
clude the personnel for the st. Mary's
County road camp, now ready to be
opened and an additional 20 men
for the Old Point Road camp, as of
August 1, at which time the present
personnel there will do work ON
farms. Included also in this group
are 20 men who have been assigned
within the past few days to work on
farms in Howard county. These were
requested by the County Agent to
supply immediate help on the fresh
ing machines there.
A total of Sc men, new arrivals
not yet interviewed as to their suit
ability for outside work, may swell
the available total somewhat, the
Governor was informed, but the
needs of the House of Correction it.
self, which will total 80 men for can
merry, picking, road work, etc., will
about exhaust the present supply.
In the meantime, the Governor
announced, the inmates records are
being rechecked so that every posi-
BILE individual may be utilized who
has had any experience on farms or
shows possible adaptability for this
type of work.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-07-23
Railroads Increase Traffic,
But Accident Toll Drops

Railroads performed "a per cent
more freight service and 81 per cent
more passenger service, as meas
ured by ton-miles and passenger
miles, in 1912 than in the preceding
year. This greatly expanded serv-
ice was performed with an increase
of only 80 per cent in the number
of fatalities to persons and rise
of only 27.1 per cent in the number
of non-fatal injuries.
The 1912 accident record should
be compared with years Of similar
traffic and operating conditions in
order properly to measure the de-
gree of progress in safety work. The
year 1929 offers one good basis of
comparison, because that year rep
resented the peak traffic year prior
to the current war period. The year
1918 is another good year for COM
parison with 1912 because it was a
year of wartime operations, involv-
ing heavy troop and war commodity
movements. Both 1929 and 1918 fall
considerably short Of 1912 in respect
of both freight and passenger traffic
volume. However, the pressure Of
capacity operations was somewhat
similar in all three years.
Comparing 1912 with 1929, tom
miles increased AZ per cent; pas
senger-miles increased u per cent;
fatalities decreased 20 per cent; nom
fatal injuries decreased 38 per cent.
The 1912 accident record is even
more striking when compared with
1918. Ton-miles increased 81 per
cent; passenger-miles increased "a
per cent; fatalities decreased AZ per
cent.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-07-23
Biology IN Business

Whether sugar is scarce or p1enti-
full, honey Is always attractive and
valuable, and its production by the
honeybee most interesting exam
pie Of biology in business. The flow
er-pollinating activities Of the honey
bee, estimated as worth at least ten
times the value Of the honey and
wax produced, contribute in no small
degree to the size Of our agricul-
tural crops, and through these to
the number Of people that can live
on q given amount Of land. Thus
In an indirect way, the honeybee
is a factor in civilization. The value
Of the honeybee II 50 important
that high priorities are given for
materials needed to carry on their
work. Without honeybees In the
groves, orchards and fields, there
would be no useful production Of
many foods, including fruits, vege-
tables, berries and nuts.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-07-23

Bell Telephone Magazine, the tele-
phone people in and around the ma
tion's capital have been called upon
to do a tremendous job in keeping
abreast of the demands for commune
cations services for the government
the military forces and civilians. BY
some means or other they have kept
their heads above water and the tele-
phone is playing its part well in help
ing to win this war.
If one could conceive the moving 70
Washington Of every Vermonter-
man. woman and child-35O,O00 Souls
with those unable to find accomnno-
dations in the 81 square miles OF the
rintrict Of Columbia overlooking into
a..iacent areas Of Maryland and
\i.r.nia, one would have some con-
eyYt;on Of what has happened to the
,rlatior, Of this region. Since April
lclo. the population has increased
from 100000 to more than a million
ard a half people. More than 1922
CO. telephones have been gained in
Tie area over the same period. There
ays now more than five times as many
.phones as there were on Armistice
Eay In 1918. -,
IIistory repeats itself. While Am
he -sador Bernsdorf was delivering his
Taiscr's note to the State Department
On a February day in 1917, some tele-
nhone engineers were making plans
h enlarge the toll switchboard in
Washington in preparation for the
second inauguration OF Woodrow
wilson. IN the emergency that fol-
loved Il took but sixty hours to make
3be necessary additions. On the his
<o,;e sunday in December 194l, the
80 switchboard in Washington wa
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-07-23
BOOKS RECEIVED AT
COMMUNITY LIBRARY

Books recently received at the
Community library include these for
special study by those interested in
hearing of the causes and people
concerned and possible future of
The War. (These books will be avail
able for two months only-until Aug.
30.)
Van Paassen, "That Day Alone,,;
A. r. Williams, ''The Soviets"; Dirk
Wander Heide, my Sister and r.;
Saint Exupery, "Flight to Arras";;
de Seversky, Victory through Air
Power; Halodan Koht, Norway
Neutral and INVADED; Adolf Hitler,
"Mein Kampf"; How War Came;
"Flight from Terror; w. B. Ziff,
Coming Battle of Germany;
Others of interest at present in
library:
"All Gaul Is Divided, "Remem-
Der Pearl Harbor", "They Were Ex-
pendable", Mansion House of Lib
erty', America to the South, Der
lin Diary, Winston Churchill,
Problems of Lasting Peace"
These are the books missing from
the Library. They are the property
of the Maryland State Library Ad-
visory Commission Will the ones
who have these books kindly bring
them in at once?
"The Keys of the Kingdom, Gro
min; Saratoga Trunk, Edna Fer
Der; "And Tell of Time, Krey.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-07-23
Thugs, Notorious Indian
Gang, Slew Travellers

Long figuring In the more violent
crime annals Of India is the prac-
tice Of dacoity-robbery and muir
der by armed gangs. Most notori-
GUS OF the Indian gang criminals
were the Thugs, once the terror Of
travellers.
The extent Of the outrages com.
mitted in the name Of Thuggee and
its bloodthirsty goddess, Bhowani,
was spectacularly revealed In Brit
ish government report printed in
1910. It described how thousands Of
Indian travellers, rich and poor, Of
high and low station, had been
robbed and killed by members Of q
crime cult that operated systemati-
cally and In accordance with reli-
gious ritual.
Strangling by silk handkerchief
was the orthodox method Of muir.
der. New members were carefully
drilled in the art. Working by pre-
arranged signals, the Thugs would
join group Of unsuspecting trav-
elers, and when opportunity came
would kill the victims and then bury
their bodies in selected graveyards.
One limitation on the murderer was
that the victim should spill no blood.
Thug methods exhibit a curious
mixture Of caution and the absence
Of it," wrote Mark Twain in his
book, Following the Equator"
"But there were two details which
were constant: patient persistence
in following up the prey and pitt
lessness when the time came to
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-07-23

been in the making to reinforce tele-
phone facilities against any emergency.
AS outfits go the Bell Systems gar
rison for Greater Washington is not
so large. About 1900 strong, it is no
more than two regiments with full
complement of specialists. With &C
ton on the telephone front intensified,
recruits were mustered into the SER
vice and reinforcements brought from
other sectors to enlarge the force and
to fill the files left vacant as men
were called to fight on other fronts.
Approximately 10000 men and women
have been placed in the ranks in the
last three years.
Together, the telephone companies
in this area, the American Telephone
and Telegraph Company, and the
Western Electric Company have oper-
ated as one unit in accomplishing the
task they have set before them. The
employees Of these companies have
accepted and discharged many respoa-
sibilities over and above those that
arise in their profession. In 1912
more than three-quarters of million
dollars of their wages went into war
bonds. Many have taken first aid in
struction and they have been active
in civilian defense, Red Cross and
other ways open these days to the
citizen. Many parties have been given
for the entertainment Of men and
women in the services.
One thing remains certain: if the
spirit of an organization, its ability
to fight as one team, are enough, no
demands Of our government or of the
armed forces for any communication
facilities the Bell System can supply
or devise, win remain unsatisfed.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-07-23
Bee Active Six Weeks

When flowers are plentiful, q
worker bee will wear itself out In
about six weeks in producing Its
quota of a teaspoonful Of honey.
While the average annual yield for
the whole country Is less than 80
pounds, a good hive may produce
several hundred pounds Of honey
In a year, depending on the fora,
location and strength Of the colony,
and to a great degree on the wealth
er, particularly during the Towering
Of a single high-yield crop. Some Of
the honey is needed to maintain the
colony over the winter. but most Of
1t may be sold, at prices ranging
from 10 to 50 cents a pound at re-
tail, according to type and quality.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-07-23
Gain in Milk Production

The department Of agriculture re-
ports a production average Of 1913
pounds of milk per COW throughout
the United States with an average
of 40 pounds of "grain" fed daily
per milk COW. New Jersey dairy
cows made the greatest average con-
tribution to the "Food for Freedom"
program by turning out 17.8 pounds
of milk per COW each day, closely
followed by the cows of Massachu-
sets which produced on an average
l7.S pounds of milk per day.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-07-23
Good Ironing Results

For good ironing results, sprinkle
the clothes evenly and have them
fairly damp. If you are in hurry,
sprinkle the clothes with warm wa
ter. 1t spreads more quickly than
cold water. There are several sprin-
king devices, such as bottle with
perforated top that can be had for q
few cents that will do . better Job
of dampening clothes than can be
done by hand. A small whisk broom
also does a good job.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-07-23
OHRIsTN SCIENCE SERVICES

"Truth" will be the subject Of the
Lesson-Sermon in all Churches Of
Christ, Scientists, on Sunday, July
25.
The Golden Text will be from I
John 5:6-"It Is the Spirit that bear
eth witness, because the Spirit is
Truth"
Among the citations comprising
the Lesson-Sermon will be the fol-
lowing from the Bible-''Be thou
exalted, Lord, in thine own strength;
so will we sing and praise his name %
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-07-23
MRS. JOHN DOWLAND

Mrs. Ida p. Dowland, widow of
John Dowland, passed from life,
Thursday, July /, aged rs years.
Services were held in the Haver-
stick funeral parlors, Oxford, with
interment in Oxford cemetery.
The deceased was q member of
Bethany Orthodox Presbyt n
church and an active member also
of the Eastern Star Of Philadelphia.
Surviving are daughter, Miss
Edna, instructor in the Wyomissing
Schools. Reading; one sister, Mrs.
Cora Rock of Sylmar.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-07-23
Prepare for Storage

Wash salad greens and some other
vegetables before storing. Shell peas
and lima beans and store innmedi-
ately In . tight container to keep the
sugars from changing to starch.
Sweet corn, too, holds It's sweetness
best II kept very cold. With solid
fruits, wipe or rinse before putting
into the refrigerator. Berries and
soft fruits keep better u stored with
out washing.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-07-23
WASHINCTON'S WARTIME
TELEPHONE JOB GIGANTIC

The furnishing of telephone service
to the capital of a great nation in
peace is a serious and complicated
undertaking. Reinforcing that service
for the general headquarters of many
nations united in war-well, that is
something else again.
According to an article by Eustace
L. Florance in a recent issue of the
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-07-23

being enlarged in preparation for the
anticipated Christmas rush Of calls. In
eighteen hours 80 positions were
added to the switchboard and two
weeks later IS positions had been put
into service. These incidents and 9TH
ers like them stand out boldly, but
they give only a little indication Of
the continuing preparations that had
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-07-23

Wounded in the left shoulder In
North Africa. Pvt. willard Philhower
of Elkton. has been awarded the
Purple Heart. He has been oyeE>
Isssa saE Il MaAthA
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-07-23
q * IL z

At the Tunisian Front :. The diff
culties Of this war are not all con-
cerned with front-line fighting, ac-
cording to the Associated Press.
Camels proved source Of trouble to
one Signal Corps telephone operating
company in North Africa when an
important communication line sud-
denly went dead. No one could &C
count for the trouble until sergeant
discovered drove Of camels MUNICH
ing at grass and telephone lines on
the ground with equal relish. The
trouble difficulty cleared up as soon
as the camels were driven away.
u
Chicago !. Before the handset or
so-called French telephone was de-
signed for public use, it is said that
more than 1000 human faces Of diff
ferent sizes and shapes were meas
ured and tabulated to determine the
design that would At the average
person.
London A young woman in
blue serge trousers may appear when
telephone subscriber in England re-
ports telephone trouble. So many
skilled communication men are needed
in the fighting forces, women are be-
ing trained for the simpler installa-
ton and repair jobs.
New York :. Splicing 4,242 wires
in one telephone cable to the 4,242 in
another may look like a complicated
job to the layman, but it's just rou-
tine to telephone cable splicer. The
splicer first separates the 81 bundles
of wires in each cable by the color Of
insulation. Then he identifies each
wire in the bundle by buzzer signals
and twists the matched wires togeth-
er, covering the twist Of bare wire
with tiny insulating sleeve.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-07-23

New machine gun will be pocket
sized, and you probably won't have
enough money 10 keep Il from slip
|pipg y easily,
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-07-23

Left) A por-
tom of the
aoorld's drgest
priVate branch
exchange IN the
War Depart
ment's PemtGgon
Building. (Be-
loaO) Operators
entertaining SER
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-07-23

Italy's toe blasted. The old hot
foot. Id 4Nlk
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-07-23
GLASS JARS FOR VICTORY CANNING


extra vegetable Victory garden don't
hasn't the
Company ale
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-07-23
- II y e =

United States The u. s. has
four times as many telephones as Ger
many, Japan and Italy combined.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-07-23

Washington Greater Washing
ton has more than 100000 telephones.
five times as many as it had on Ar
mistice Day In 1918.
The Hagerstown globe., 1943-02-05

In the issue of The Evening
Globe of Friday, September 4,
1925, the following, under the cap
ton, Not Enough Bull for Smiths
burgers appeared: "Smithsburg
became all excited on reading in
the morning paper that the bull the
town roasted for an OK. in connec-
tiOn with the home coming celebra-
ton, weighed only 145 pounds. At
torney Joseph W. Wolfinger, who,
according to Edward Oswald, Sr.,
ate at least 145 pounds of the bull
himself, claims the animal weigh
ed close to 900 pounds and dressed
$50 pounds. The Singing of bull'
was a feature of this days home
coming"