davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-03-21

The figures were based on WPB's
weighted averages which take &C
count Of value and types of items
as well as numbers.
Finished Weapons Stressed.
A much higher proportion of the
productive efforts Of industry now
is geared to turning out finished
weapons, Mr.. Nelson said. Last year
only slightly more than half of the
war production effort, both NUM-
tons and construction, was trans
lated into finished weapons such as
planes, tanks and ships. He said
that this year about three fourthe
OF all war production effort will be
devoted to making weapons and
ships.
Mr.. Nelson reported that the num-
Der of airplaneS produced in Febru-
airy was per cent greater than in
January, while the output of four
engined bombers rose 36 per cent
20 per cent over December. Pro-
duction of medium bombers last
month likewise was far greater thar
IN January and somewhat above
December. Considerably more fight
er planes rolled off the assembl,
lines in February, though somewhat
less than in December.
Undersecretary of War Patterson
has reported that approximately
5000 planes were made in January
and $500 in February.
Plane Expansion Huge.
Aircraft production, MI, Nelson
continued, is facing a period OF
tremendous expansion with a mum.
Der Of new plants slated to come into
operation. He said equipping those
factories with adequate machine
tools will be a difficult job, and il
Will be necessary to examine care.
fully all orders for new tools, di.
rectlng them to critical program.
only. Tools will be transferred
from other plants to plane factorie!
where they are most needed. Out.
put of scarce components" will bt
stepped up sharply.
The huge drop in ground ord
nance production in January. MI
Nelson said, was due either to de
hberate curtailments for items pro
duced in excess of presents needs o
to adjustments to best utilize avail
able materials. The previously sc
l943 program for production o
trucks. jeepS, tanks and guns wa
cut sharply late last year Februar
output OF tanks was 33 per cen
above January but because of tn
cut still was IS per cent short @
December production.
Anti-aircraft flre-control equip
ment, wheeled artillery and sma,
arms ammunition were the onl
major items for which January pro
ductlon exceeded December total,
In February these again were stron
items. Ground signal equipmen
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-03-21
Louis Madeira Ill Dies

NEW YORK. March 20 Pr
Louis Madeira, III, 81, who resigned
as, executive director of the Anthra-
cite Institute 10 days ago because OF
i'll health, died here today at Doe
tors Hospital, A native of Phila-
delphia, Mr.. Madeira was a grad
uate OF the University of Pennsyl-
vania, He had been associated with
the Anthracite Institute for nearly
10 years.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-03-21
Woman Finds Her Car
Parked Window-Deep

When Park Policeman John r,
Campbell told Mrs. Rose D. Merriam,
1916 Nineteenth street NV, yes
terday afternoon that her car was
resting in Rock Greek, it came as
something of a shock-she thought
the auto was still parked near her
home.
Police discovered the car sub
merged up to the windows in Rock
Greek at the intersection of Water
side drive and Rock Creek parkway.
They theorized that the car had
been stolen, then abandoned after
it got out of control and ran into
the creek.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-03-21
February Arms Output
Gains After Drop in
January, Nelson Says
Daily Production Rate
Lost Month Is 6 Pct.
Above December Peak
BY JAMES Y. NEWTON.

Releasing figures on munitions
output for the first two months
of 1943, Chairman Donald M.
Nelson of the War Production
Eoard announced last night that
the Nations January production
OF planes, tanks, guns and ships
dipped far below the December
peak but recovered in February
to point near the level at the
end Of 1912
The January setback marked the
first time in nearly two years that
Americas war factories failed to
exceed production of a preceding
month. The drop from December,
record production month, was per
cent in total munitions output The
gain in February, a short month,
nearly wiped out that loss. An en-
couraging factor was that the daily
rate of production last month was
6 per cent greater than December.
WPB's production index, using
November, 194l, the month before
the Pearl Harbor attack, as 100.
declined from the December peak
of 496 to Asst in January, but rose
to 492 in February.
January Slump Explained.
Mr.. Nelson reported that Deem
Der production was unusually high
because "of the year-end cleanup
of assembly lines" Nearly every
plant pressed for a good showing
In December, turning over for &C
ceptance by the services every pos
sible piece of completed equipment.
This contributed to the January
slump.
Other factors were readjustment
OF the overall program, including
cutback of some ordnance items.
and the shortage of such common
components' as valves, motors, heat
exchangers, etc, used by the air.
craft and ship programs.
The WPB chairman supplied the
following box score indicating the
monthly percentage of change by
major categories:
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-08-13
Churchill Shifts His Base
OfOperations From Quebe6s,
And Visits Falls Of Nialks
FDR Promises FiY os
independence A War
Russians Say Presence
AT FDR-Churchill Talk
Not Asked Or Fitting

LONDON, Friday, Aug. H.
R-The Soviet government to-
day answered criticism of the
absence of Russian delegates
to the forthcoming Roosevelt
Churchill conference at Quebec
by saying that such Russian
participation "is neither sug-
gested nor fitting"
"The Soviet government did
not receive an invitation to be
present at the meeting, and be-
cause of the character of the
conference the participation of
any one representative of the
Soviet government at the meet
ing in Quebec is neither sug-
gested nor fitting" said an Of
ficial Moscow broadcast record
ed by the Soviet monitor.
President Roosevelt already
had disclosed in Washington
that Russian representatives
would not attend the confer
ence, but he said that did not
mean he would not be awfully
glad to have them present.
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-08-13
WEED SALES SHOW
RISE IN VOLUME
Better Grades OF Tobaccos
TrickIe In To Border
Belt Marts

Heavier sales and the introduc-
ton of better grade tobaccos char
acterized activity on nearby tobac-
co markets Thursday, according to
reports of sales supervisors.
"Chadbourn tobacco sales begin
to look like old times, observed
Bernard w. Peal, who listed 1l6,-
0Os pounds sold there, at an aver
age of $42.02 per hundred. "Thurs-
day was the largest poundage day
so far, and prices on all grades
were stronger, he said.
Five hundred thousand pounds of
the weed were sold on the White
vile warehouse floors, with better
grades showing from one to two
dollars increase in price. Lower
quality lugs and primings hovered
around $40 and SAL:
Official government figures re-
leased on Fairmont activities show
ed 60O,S92 pounds sold, the aver
age being $4199 per hundred. The
money paid out amounted to $751;
33O.65. The low basket of tobacco
went for SIS; the top basket for
$51.
At Clarkton, where 193,29s
pounds were sold at an average of
$41.77, Thursdays business was
described as the best this season.
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-08-13
Army And Navy Heads
Take Part In Current
Study OF Tax Problems

WASHINGTON, Aug. 12.-(R
Army and Navy authorities
are taking part in current tax
studies and are counselling
against any increases so steep
as to destroy the incentive Tor
fullest possible war production'
Secretary of the Treasury Nor
genthau disclosed today.
Backed by the War Produc-
ton Board, the armed services
want to make sure that exist
ing incentive systems-under
which workers are swelling
their incomes by putting forth
greater efforts-are not NULL
fled by taxation.
Thus a new factor entered
the drafting of program IN
tended to raise an additional
$4,000, 900, 900 during the year
beginning January 1. The
Treasury already has indicated
it is studying means to pre-
vent inequitable tax burdens on
persons whose incomes have
not conformed to the upward
trend.
Explaining to his press
radio conference the presence
of Under-secretaries Patterson
and Forrestal of the War and
Navy Departments at the first
of a series of exploratory tax
conferences earlier this week,
Morgenthau said they have a
tW0-fOId interest in taxes.
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-08-13
HUGE POSTWAR
PROBLEMS seen
City Officials Told That
Federal Government
To Face Big Job

RALEIGH, Aug. 12.-Calling
for intelligent and systematic plan
ring for peace time, State Treas
Erer Charles NJ. johnson t d y
told the North Carolina League of
Municipalities that the post war
problem to be faced by the Amer
;can people will be "of such pro-
portions that the federal govern
cnent alone will not be able to
handle It,"
johnson, who is also director of
local governn ent in North Caro-
lima, said thet local and state
governments must prepare now to
sHare in handling this post : war
problem when it comes"
America, after the war, will
be faced with social and eco
nomic problerl of finding jobs for
tile men and women who are re-
leased from the armed forces.
Private industry is preparing now
to convert to peace time produc-
tion, but it will not be able to
take care of all the unemployed,
he said.
Stating that he was not advocat-
ing a rash and precipitant spend
ing program, productive of waste
fitness and extravaganza, he ad-
vocated, however, the restoration
CT existing properties to pre-war
conditions, new construction, adoi-
tons and improvements, and the
expansion of public works.
He declared that he hoped the
country would tfbe spared the al
lurements and wastefulness of an
other WPA."
Harold F. Alderfer, planning con-
sultant of the American Municipal
association of Chicago, urged mu-
to plan now program
Of progress after the war. He urg-
ed the planning of financial pro-
gram, depending entirely upon mu-
nicipal revenue, to take care OF
any expansion.
Continuing its program of dis
cussing municipal problems, tn e
league condue ted roundtab1e con-
ferences which considered various
questions. Conferences were pre-
sided over by John Ward, Char
lotte city councilman; DR.. Harold
Myer, executive secretary of the
State Recreation Commission;
Mayor George Coan, Jr., of Win
c.cn-Salem; W B. Campbell, Will
mington city attorney; George N.
Earnhart, Tarboro city clerk: R.
W. Madry, mayor of Chapel Hill;
H. Rutter, city manager of Gas
tonia; M. Swartz, superintendent
Of utilities of GreenVil1e.
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-08-13
Tentatiue Plans For 1914 Shipbuilding
Calls For No More Tonnage Than In 43

WASHINGTON, Aug. 12.-* -
Tentative plans for merchant ship
construction in 1914 call for no
more tonnage, and perhaps slight
ly less, than the 100000 dead
weight tons scheduled to be built
this year, informed officials said
today.
The new, fast Victory ship, de-
signed by the Maritime Commits
sion as successor to the slow-mov-
ing, mass built Liberty ships, will
play a large part in the 1914 pro-
gram, it was said, but big pro-
portion of Liberty vessels will
continue to come off the ways.
One government source, who re-
quested that his name be with
held, predicted that the proposed
Maritime Commission program
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-08-13
NAN OIL PLANTS
BOMBED BY U. S.
Flying Fortresses Smash
Through Defense To
Pound Gelsenkirchen

LONDON, Aug. 12-tR-Ameri-
can Flying Fortresses smashed
through heavy German defenses in
the Runr and Rhineland today to
deliver daylight attacks on syn
tnetic oil plants at Gelsenkirchen
and Wesse1ing and industrial tar
gets at Bonn after a layoff since
she end of July.
Twenty-Five of the -engined
craft were lost. but it was an
nounced that they shot down at
least 20 enemy fighters and that
escorting ThHnderbolts and Spit
fires destroyed three more. Crews
reported that targets in all three
cities were left flaming. .-
The air offensive against h e
continent continued into the eve
ming wnen strong force of me-
dunn oombers. escorted by fight
ers, streaked across the channel
i'll the direction of Cologne about
z pm.
Raj fighter planes were unusu-
ally acaRe over the straits of Do
yer during the evening. Forma-
tions crossed n d recrossed to
northern France for nearly tw o
hours.
German fighter planes were en-
countered chiefly by the Fortress
formations which pounded Gelsen-
klrchen. the battered oil refinery
Gown 27 miles west of Dortmund
on the Duishurg-Hamm railway,
but the Nazis threw up an explo-
sive anti-aircraft umbrealla over
all three cities. a joint American
and British comrnuniuue said.
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-08-13
Soviet Army
Now 5 Miles
FromKharkov
Russians Drive Through
Suburbs OF Vital Citv
In Steady Push
CHUGUEV IS CAPTURED
Important Offensive May
Completely Seal Fate
OF German Force

LONDON, Aug. 12.-(P)-
Russian forces drove through
the suburbs to within five
miles of Kharkov from the
northeast tonight, a Russian
special communique said, ap-
parently making the fall of
that Ukranian manufacturing
center certain on the eighth
day of the Soviet offensive.
Southeast of Kharkov the
Russians captured the stra-
tegic German strongpoint of
Chuguev, % miles away. 1t
was the capture of Chuguev
by the Russians which preci-
pitated the fall of Kharkov
in last winters Soviet often
sive. The Germans then re-
captured Kharkov and the
surrounding area a month
later.
20 Areas Are Taken
German reports had mentioned
a large Russian shock force gath
ering strength in the Chuguev area
last week. Capture of the center
indicated that an important often
sive. which may completely seal
the fate of the Germans defending
Kharkov, was on the march.
In the Kharkov push more than
20 towns and villages fell to the
onrushing Soviets, said the COM
munique, broadcast by Moscow ra-
dio and recorded by the Soviet
With Kharkov almost completely
encircled, another Russian force
was swinging west, nearing tn e
high.water mark of their offensive
last February. By taking Kotel-
va. IS miles west Of Kharkov, they
we're threatening the rail functions
of Sunny and Poltava. But they
were still 81 miles southeast OF
Lebedin, the farthest point reach
ed last winter.
To the north, the Russians
Continued ON Page Eight; Col. a
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-08-13
LIBERTY TO BE QUICK
President Says Islands To
Be Free Shortly After
Jap's Defeat

WASHINGTON, Aug. H. E -
President Roosevelt tonight prom
lsed the Filipino people full indie.
pendence from the United States
the moment the power of our
Japanese enemies is Destroyer
and said that such freedom would
come quickly.
In a recorded radio address
broadcast to the Philippines on the
occasion of the 45th anniversary
of American occupation of the is
lands, the President said flatly:
Il give the Filipino people my
word that the Republic of the Phil
ippines will be established the mo-
ment the power of our japanese
enemies is destroyed. The Con.
gress of the United States has act
ed to set up the independence of
The Philippines. The time will
come quickly when that goes into
full effect.
'FYou will soon be redeemed
from the Japanese yoke and you
will be assisted in the full repair
of the ravages caused by the war"
The chief executives remarks
were interpreted in Philippine cir
cles here as countering Japanese
Premier Tojo's reported pledge to
the Japanese-seized islands tn t
they will be made an independent
nation by the end of this war.
Joaquin M. Elizalde, Philippine
resident commissioner in Washing
ton, gave this meaning to the ad-
dress. He also said it meant that
the islands would not have to wait
until July 4, 1916 for full freedom
as provided by the Tydings- Nc
Duffie independence act, but that
political independence would be
automatic when the Japs a r e
driven out"
This would require amendatory
legislation by the American Con-
gress, but Elizalde saw no diff
Guilty there. Present law provides
for full freedom after a transition
period to prepare the island eco
to become a republic.
Elizalde said Tojo's independ-
ence promise was being followed
up by commission in the Phil
ippines working on new consti-
Continued on Page Seven; Col. s.
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-08-13

would be presented to the COM
bined chiefs of staff within week
or two, for approval from h e
standpoint of overall war strategy.
Although the Maritime Commits
sion already has let contracts for
All of the Victory vessels, a quiet
tug-of-war has been under way for
months to determine how rapidly
and in what total number they
should be brought into production.
The apparent result, it was said,
will be a compromise between the
Maritime Commission, which start
ed out with plans for rapid con-
version of yards to the new YES
sells, and the War Production
Board, which. argued for more
gradual shift on grounds that an
abrupt conversion would cause a
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-08-13
Japanese Positions In Kuriles
Blasted Again By Big Bon1bers

WASHINGTON, Aug 12-(H-Gant Liberator bomb
striking out 1000 miles along the northern road to
Tokyo blasted Japanese defense positions in the Kue is
lands for the second time the Navy announced today and
shot down at least five of group of 40 enemy fighter
planes which tried to prevent their attack
Two of the nine Army bombers which made the sue
cessfu raid missing the Navys comunique reported
From the large number of fighters sent up by the jap
anese it evident that Americas growing offensive
strength the North Pacific is giving the japanese high
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-08-13

Spokesman for the solid fuels ad-
rninistratlon said after the confer
ence that the 80 percent allotment
rlan would be made effective cas-
soon as the details can be worked
out" They said tn restriction
would remain in effect until pro-
cuction was high enough to meet
consumer needs. Ickes said that
.any future stoppages will, of
course, make the situation much
worse"
Although there was loss in
bituminous production as a result
of the strikes the fuel officials
said this loss was not as severe
as in anthracite because of the
Continued on Page Eight; Col. 81
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-08-13
Hard Coal Dealers To Be Cut
10 Per Cent On Yearly Supply

,eorasa e@oraassHINGToN. Aug. l. N-
Gsrie ietary OF he Interior Ickes, de-
ssng slg that mine strikes have
hauS husea a loss of s,5oo,ooo tons of
+S ar+S. c9al, announced today that
\, !, U,taelte ,! dealers henceforth will
W., y. limited to 80 percent Of last
'lrL $ requirements.
,ecIa, ehe cation s fuel administrator
Setsled tnot at a press conferences.
t. s,,,, we are going to have trouble
Cite pply ~ the demand" for anthra-
tnin, puF added that he did not
repa.Ir Iuh nard coal rationing would be
tiirsa'y because "a type of BIZ
hold coal suitable for house
thoso ts use Will be available for
rigb. hard coal consumers who
ticiant Sns nave difficulty getting suf-
quantities Of anthracite to
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-08-13

position on the peacetime seas.
The United States Merchant Ma.
rine already surpasses the British
in size, but maritime chiefs feel
that the country could still be out
classed in world competition if the
l1-knot Liberty ships were tn e
backbone of the merchant fleet.
The Liberty vessels, they fe el,
may prove to be seagoing white
elephants when the war is over
and the need for vast number
of bottoms, quickly and econom-
ically produced, is over.
William Francis Gibbs, WPB's
controller Of ship building and not
ed ship designer, has argued that
winning the war is the immediate
Continued on Page Eight; Col. g.
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-08-13

command serious worry and caus-
ing the diversion Of some enemy
aerial forces to that strategic
area.
This is one of the objectives of
.he overall Pacific strategy which
calls for hitting the enemy at sew
eral widely separated points in or
der TO disperse his military power.
Reports from the Southwest Pa
cific in the China area have spoken
with increasing frequency about
the declining effectiveness of jap
anese cir operations in t h os e
areas. .
A contributing factor to this de-
cline, it may be assumed, are the
raids On the northern Kuriles, as
well as the attacks which have
been carried out against the enemy
outpost at Wake island in the Cen
trail Pacific.
The first raid of the war on the
Kuriles, the ncrthernmost of which
les about 1,2G0 miles northeast of
Tokyo, was made July 10. T h
Navy fixed the time of the second
ore at 8:11 NJ, today, East Lon
gitude Time, which would be Gil
En-, yesterday. Eastern War
Time.
Numerous hits were scored in
the designated target areas" the
communique said. "About 40 ene-
my fighters Intercepted, of which
five were shot down and others
probably destroyed or damaged.
Continued on Page Eight: Col. q
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-08-13

heat their homes.
HE said this years anthracite
goal was 65.oOO,ooo tons but that
work stoppages have made attain
nent Of thai goal virtual I'M
possibility. As a result the solid
fuels administration and other gov
eminent agencies are starting an
intensive fuel conservation cam
raign Tor anthracite" He said the
anthracite distribution committee
was studying the problem in New
York and that to carry out the
conservation program regional Of
fices will be established in New
York, 8ost ton, Philadelphia,
Wilkes Barre Penn, a n d Syra-
crse, N. Y, situated in the prin-
cipal anthracite : consuming areas
Of the nation.
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-08-13
CONFERENCE
FDR And Prime Minister
Will Meet In Canada
For Talks
pARLEYS CONTINUING
Military Men Still Discuss
ing Plans In Abb
sence OF Leader

QUEBEC. Aug. 12.-(P-
Britain's prime minister tenn. !.
norarily shifted his base of
ppnerations p away from Quebec
todav. while British, Canad.
IAN and an advance guard of
American military men con-
tinued a review here OF the
master war strategy of the
Al'ies.
Prime Minister Churchill
and President Roosevelt will
meet in Quebec later on for
concentrated war. discussions
and a meeting of the British
Ar,nrioan chiefs of staff.
Leaves Late At Night
r,u~chill left here late last night
ard showed up this morning at
N'ooara Falls. where he viewed
tbo scenic splendors of the giant
ca'aract on the Canadian-Ameri-
can boundary. Then he boarded
sro"'aI six-car train and left for
an undisclosed destination.
The prime minister was accom-
panied by his daughter, Mary, and
a large party.
Prime Minister W. L. Mckenzie
King of Canada, with whom Chur-
chill had been in consultation here
for two DAYS, remained in Quebec,
along with the ranking military,
naval and air advisers the two
statesmen had brought along with
them.
The only word during the day
from Canadian officials was that
military talks still were going on
during Churchill's absence.
The time when the prime minist-
er and Mr.. Roosevelt will come to
Quebec for war councils behind
the walls of the city's famed old
Citadel cannot be disclosed.
Their deliberations are expected
to pick up where they left off in
Washington last May and produce
a secret pattern for combat opera
tons around the globe. plus an
agreement on political. relief, and
administrative policies to be pur-
sued as additional territory is
Wrehched from Axis hands.
The opinion prevails here that
the sixth war parley of the two
United Nations statesmen will fol-
low the lines of those in the past |
10 the extent that it will be pri-
marily an Anglo-American affair,
with the Canadians making it |
whenever matters come
up that particularly affect them.
Mackenzie King and his highest
advisers went to Wash
mgton last May, although they
were less active in the talks there
than the British and Americans.
That may be the case again, even
though the conferences this time
take place on Canadian soil.