davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-03-30
Americas Food Crisis:
We Must Choose
Bullets or Butter

Board had authorized an in
crease IN the farm machinery
program from % per cent Of
1910 production to 40 per cent,
A year ago the department adj
vised that production he set at
so per cent of the 1910 level
Farmers and farm implement
dealers are critical of the timing
of these decisions affecting agrl-
cultural machinery.
AN ARTICULATE farmer,
~ Louis Bromfield. the we'll
known author who operates an
l,lO0-acre farm at Lucas, o., has
charged:
II think IL fair Ia say that no
practical overall plan has been
made 10 help the farmer produce
more. On the contrary, one OBJ
stacle after another has been
placed In his way. either by cir
cumstance or by bureaucracy
itself.
Subsidies Of vast sums
az taxpayers money cannot he
planted or harvested. Dollar
bills cannot he used as fertilizers
or dairy feed, nor can they milk
cows or tend chickens or feed
hogs. Subsidies, even In astrO-
nomical sums, do not provide the
labor and the machinery which
are largely unattainable =.
The consulting engineer Of one
Of the principal makers OF farm
machinery referring 10 the
WPB's original decision 70 hold
production of farm tools for the
year 10 % per cent of the 1910
level, declared:
LILO tthe order in question:
was issued Oct. 10 for the manu-
featuring year beginning Nov.
/, 1912, Yet at the time OF Is
suance, southern farmers were
planting fall grain for harvest
in the summer OF l9i3.
THE l943 production in the
south begins the preceding fall,
starting in September and earlier
in Florida.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-03-30

E0N ACCOUNT Of delay in
" issuing the order, II IL es-
timated that only so per cent
Of the machines and implements
authorized under LILO Will
reach the farmer In time for use
this wear. Thus the food supply
IL placed In jeopardy"
In addition 10 the foregoing
factors, The availability Of Ter
tili1erS constitutes another un-
certain factor IN the food out
look. particularly since NUM-
tionS have been competing heav-
ily for nitrates which ordl-
.narIly are used 10 enrich the
soil
In the third article Of this
series, Mr.. Rukeyser viii pre-
sent official and unofficial sug-
gestions for getting the Ameri-
can people over the hump Of a
threatened insuffiCiency In the
food supply.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-03-30
Drafted for Raid Work

NEW YORK. March 30 ms
Air raid precaution service within
Germany has been made compul-
sorry for all able bodied persons
not deferred for oCcupa tional rea-
sons, the DNB news agency said
today
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-03-30
By MERRYLE $. RUKEYSER
Noted Writer On Economic.

NOted NTiter ON tfnnoHFs
NEW YORK, March 30 GNS)
Field Marshal Goering's tricky
use of words 10 describe the eco
nomic choice modern nations
face under total warfare char
acterized a chain OF events
which contributed TO the looming
relative scarcity Of food IN the
United States.
Herr GoeringS famous slogan,
gums IS. butter" corrupted
straight thinking on the subject.
Even over here, regulatory au-
thoritieS were thrown off balance
by this inSidiOuS line OF reason
inc. Accordingly in the first
blush of wartime prlorltleS and
ALLEGATIONS of critical materials
and manpower, food growing,
processing and distributing in
duStrleS suffered.
Specifically, the Goering fall
lacy was expressed IN orders 10
reduce The availability of steel
and other materials to the farm
machinery industry. and also IN
the policy OF draft boards IN
taking from the farms tens of
thousands Of key workers. as
well as essential men from the
food processing trades.
Similarly, armament plants
plrated labor from the farms
and the food industries Re-
Gently. the deleterious effects on
the food supply Of such policies
has led 10 a reversal.
IN EARLY days Of transition
L over here from a peacetlme
10 "A war economy, II was GUS
tomary for dollar-a-year men
and other federal officials 10
meet the prophetic warnings of
the food industry by asking rhe-
torlcally Do you want US 70
make bullets or beans
Thus. perhaps unwittingly,
they were re-cCholng Goerlng's
seductive and misleading con-
cept
In tho light Of tho present sit
UatIon. II is obvious that the
correct answer ~ tI1p rhetorical
question should have been we
must make both bullets and
beans in full recognition of the
fact that food IS 4 basic war
weapon
Federal administrative aEen-
cIeS likewise are now seeing
through tho misleading Charac-
ter Of the GocrinG slogan. and
are seeking through new orders
10 correct tho situation.
SPECIFICALLY. the War Pro
y duction Board has released
additional metal for the farm
machinery industry although
Secretary Of Agriculture Claude
r Wickard recently told me that
the relaxation has come too late
70 affect tho availability Of farm
implements IN this spring plant
ing season
He is. nevertheless. hopeful
that the new attitude Will bring
additional tools n time for har-
VeStng later IN the year
In the same mood. the War
Nanp0wer Commission has in
Structed a Stoppage Of thought
less withdrawal Of key farmers
into tho armed services and INTO
the munition plants. Moreover,
ceilings on wages for farm work
erS have been lifted
In tho matter Of farm ma
chinery. Secretary Wlckard re-
Nealed that the War Production
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-03-30
Americas Food Crisis;

EDITORS NOTE-This is
the second article IN a series
about America current food
crisis by Mr.. Ruksyser.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-03-30
Is off Re>Ubholstery!
Freshen Your Home f0r Sby7n
With Regular 2.98 Fabrics!

The threst possible way redove the charm and comfort the
decorating posbtesn hee Excellent quality fabrics
in 1885 oveet patterns Quaint pestres Bold striped
veou Novelty and plain mohars Handsome jacquard veours!
All these and many show you how your budget be
stretched include ,o-caed uxuries Save = the yard
HELP The AMERICAN RED CROSS
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1943-05-18
American Forces In AIGuianS
Closing In On Japanese Units
Roger Watkins Eulogizes
Judge Locke In Address
Given Here Yesterday

Attorneys William V. Albury,
Aquilino Lopez, Jr., and Duke
Baya were named a committee
by Judge Holland yesterday to
conduct. an examination of At
torney Enrique Esqpinaldo, Jr..
who had applied for permission
TO practice in federal court.
This morning the committee
reported favorably. and Attorney
Esquinaldo was admitted to prac-
tice in that court.
Roger Watkins, who went to
work as clerk in the office OF
Judge James w. Locke, whose
portrait was unveiled in the
federal court here yesterday, to-
gether with the portrait of
Judge Marvin, in 1911 and con-
tinued in that capacity till ne
went off to war in 1917, was
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1943-05-18
TRUCE In THE BATTLES
OF THE BUREAUS

Point No. 3: Charles L. Wilson
is firmly in the saddle at the War
Production Board, and no sooner
was he entrenched there than
both WPB Chief Donald Nelson
and Army and Navy heads came
out with the declaration that
there was no friction between
military and civilian supply Of
ficials. The elevation of Wilson
and the resignation of Ferdinand
Eberstadt at least centered in one
person authority that had for a
long time been divided and thus
obScured.
Also on the production front
recently came from 1t. Gen. Bre-
hon Somervell, chief of the SER
vices of supply, what amounted
TO an order of the day. Speaking
off-the-record to his staff officials,
he said: I'VE can not afford tn
engage in any intra-Services of
Supply battles or in the battle of
Washington. There is only one real
battle going on in the whole world
right now.
Let us not under any provoca-
ton. no matter how great, be
drawn into useless pickering
which turns our blood into bile
and taunts us into anger against
Continued on Page Four
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1943-05-18
Tens OF Thousands Are
Made Homeless AS Re-
suit OF Bursting Dams
By Raj Raids
any A.socinted Pres.n


LONDON. May ls.-Thou.
sands of Germans have been
drowned and tens of thousands
have been made homeless by the
millions of tons of water that
Were turned loose by the burst
ing of dams in the Ruhr Valley
by the Raj raiders on Monday
night. il was announced here to.
day.
Information about the loss of
life was gathered by reports
that have been made over Radio
Berlin. which said that the water
has left death and devastation
in its wake.
The extent of the damage done
was reported to the British Air
Ministry by pilots in scouting
Raj planes that passed over the
area. Bridges and houses have
been swept away and. in the
wreckage rushing along in the
roaring streams of wafer could
be seen giant uprooted trees.
The raid has been far more
costly to Germany. in the loss Of
industry. as well as in the loss
of lives. than any dozen other
raids combined.
so vast is the destruction and
50; iii.ery are the people in the
flooded areas. the German high
command has declared a state of
marshal law throughout the Ruhr
district. Detachments of sol
diers have been hurried to the
area to maintain order and 10
take charge of the handling of
refugees who escaped the inun-
dation.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1943-05-18
ABSENTE'EISM ON
JOBS INCREASING
INroRMATIoN GIVEN OUT
BY RECORDER OF
LABOR BOARD

Absenteeism in Key West, which
was reduced to a minimum as long
as Judge William v. Albury gave
orders to arrest every able-bodied
man who was unable to give a
good reason for quitting his job
without notice, is assuming serious
proportions again, according to
Albert B. Cooper, United States
labor recorder in Key West.
Mr.. Cooper says. that 10 men
failed to report for work yesterT
day on war projects in Key West,
without giving notice that they
would be absent Judge Thomas
S. Caro-, of the criminal court. will
be asked to take similar stand
against agsenteeism as Judge Al
bury did.
Judge Caro- said he will gladly
cooperate with the labor board
and other authorities in Key West.
81 shall do all in my power to
put an end to the practise of men,
who are so thoughtless of their i'm
portance in promoting the war
effort, to leave their jobs without
good and sufficient reasons"
II is Judge Caro's intention to
proceed against absentees by
preferring charges of vagrancy
against them. That procedure has
resulted in many men returning
to their work in Key West, and
none of them, after facing that
charge once, has been rearrested
for the same reason.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1943-05-18
FOOD CONFERENCE
TO OPEN TONIGHT
DELEGATES POURING ~ 70
HOT SPRINGS. VA. FCR
MEETING
CBy Associates PrsH-B

HOT SPRINGS. Va. May IA
With the opening of the f0o5
conference by delegates from the
United States and Central snc
South America scheduled fer to
night. the structures Esve net yet
been lifted against permitting
Representatives of the rrsss 70
attend the proceedings.
Reporters today were ever
denied the privilege Of making
reservations in the Homestead
Hotel, where foreign delegates
have accommodations.
Delegates began to reach here
early yesterday afternoon. and
in the evening a I6-car special
train, bringing others. arrived
here.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1943-05-18
All Gases In Federal Court
Deferred Until Next Term

John G. Sawyer, attorney for
Raul Carbonell, charged with
having violated the OPA act
pertaining to rent-control, en-
tered a plea of nolo contendere
this morning before Judge Hol-
lani presiding in federal court
in Key West, and the case was
turned over to a probation Off
Ger for investigation, preceding
the imposing of sentence at the
next term of court
The same thing was done IN
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1943-05-18
FLOODS CONTINUE
In INDIANA AREA
THOUSANDS ARE FLEEING
FROM LoWLANDS IN VA
RIOUS PLACES

tbE AS6OGtatGu FrGHAD
INDIANAPOLIS. May Ia
Flood waters continue to get
higher here and have thus far
caused the loss of four lives and
have made 500 families home
less. gea ofsa eW IS aliteE
Thousands are fleeing from
the 1owlands, as the weather
bureau warned the jewellers
there that the water will become
higher.
The Wabash River at Wabash
and at Logansport has over
flowed its banks, with no end of
the peak yet in sight. Bridges
have been washed away at some
points across the river.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1943-05-18
Gained That Pmcsry
Movement vi ErszE
ally EncHcle NPpoaese
Troops


WASHINGToH ~ H
While Se=st=T Ct - So
Prank kn1x 90 ~ - IA. -
details fu5zx za7z. - &c.
oz Ara II - 49, - -
say 1hzt A. zc-z. -
had Isn5ec 1z - zzz A.
s1u<h Ct tae gzzzzzzs 49,
were ri15us N 81 &c e
4 rzze-x =gzszeze 49, 49,
nztslE- III ezE-ls a.
Kzsx $50 Ez-Esr 49, c.
sPlte ne z rzzz I'D b
1s5e - Ezs 49, - ~
fsze Ct Ee-zs $3.50. o. -z-
Uzlnzs Ez-zz A. z
are zzzh Eszssz go r.
bSsz expez2z So 49, g.
VIA ths EzzEzz 49, n -
sizhzn Gzx. xhe 49, hzzs
Srixzn Ire 1z-s E= Eh x
hzs E=EEzGz szz 49, 7 49,
Ens Ehs= ~ @z ~
thzt ruzs 49, - 49, =
ths Elszd
Ire bs-k q sz@w ---
on IRE rzSzs Ezz s=n -
fss rsp1rf So 40 - 49,
A-srizau ussz-@ hs-z sr
jsizzz s--zzz ~ zz - 80
tsss4hsz-
s1r-st=-F kn1x sss s-zzz
RAT Auuezizzz wz-sz go
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Ehensxrr fhs hszTv 49, $3.50
enoazn a. mske szste s
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1943-05-18

called upon by Judge Holland 80
make a few remarks about Judge
Locke.
Mr. Watkins said that N no
other man has he found justice.
tempered with mercy. more -
than he had In Judge Locke
He was kind and fair. not only
on the bench, but also N ms
dealings with ms feIl0Wmen.
Mr. Watkins stated He had
an acute mind that could discern
to a hair's-breadth4 the line o,
demarkation in questions that
came up before him and ne fsv-
ored neither the defense nor TIT
prosecution. but gave ms d.
cisions as ne c0nSClentlousiy
felt they should be given JudEe
Locke was a good man as vel
as a great lawyer
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1943-05-18
CITY COUNCIL
MEETS TONIGHT

There wIH a. . reEaz 49,
Of ti8e CIV Couucil neAa tar
beEnni1z ~ g o'clnrk
One of t5e n1sfters - C1Ezr -
fore the meefinE Wil - t1e -
sentafiou 81 an ausna r
ordinance. Which uiN r b.
cnmes a Law do away wh a.
Iiouar. beer and uine ests-
meufs operstEnE en- DzEsl E'res-
beginning wifh Orfuber = wz
the new licenses wIN ~ asEEec
Most Of the ether bzssEaes -
rome before the meeting turi1
vii be Of . routine nstUre-
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1943-05-18
DISTRICT MEETING
OF ODD FELLOWS on
WEDNESDAY EVENING

There will be a district meeting
of the Odd Fellows on "Wednesday
evening, beginning at 8 O'Clock, az
the Golden Eagle Hal
At this meeting L. p King,
grand master, and J. II Pegrams
grandIsecretaTg will pay their Of
fetal visit to the lodge
On Thursday night there VIII
be banquet given at the Ocean
view Restaurant in honor Of the
visiting officials. At the conclusion
of the banquet, the members VIII
repair to the meeting hal where
an entertainment viii be put On.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1943-05-18

the case of aggravated assault
against Pearl Battles, negro. VINO
slashed another colored woman
with a knife in the kitchen a.
the Naval Hospital
The case Of Ramon r DelRsdo
against the United States Insur-
ance Company, of New Eork.
which is sued for S6.008. wz
continued.
Court was recessed al II
o'clock until July 10. when
Judge Holland VIII again come
to Key West.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1943-05-18
A MISTAKE

BORGER, Tex.-Wanting a
nightcap, Hugh Cypher drank
what he thought was buttermilk
and spent a very uncomfortable
night and subsequent day. He dis
covered. on quizzing the family,
that he had drank prepared pan
cake batter.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1943-05-18
ALLIES BOMB
JAPANESE BASES
FIGHTING IN SALAMAUA
is NOW CONFINED
TO AIR

10 tBy Associated Pressp an
MELBOURNE. May IA
Fighting in the Salamaua area
on New Guinea has been confin-
ed to air action since Yesterdy.
Allied flyers have carried out
several successful raids on Jap
bases at and near Salamaua.
Forty-three Jap planes made
an attempt at retaliation on the
Allied positions, but were driven
off by Australian and American
fighters before they could reach
their detectives. Three enemy
planes were destroyed and all
Allied planes returned to their
bases.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1943-05-18
JAps SINK HOSPITAL SHIP

Douglas Macarthur and Prime Minis
today ruthless
sinking hospital ship off the of Australia They said
ship plainly marked by the Red Cross but the Jap subma
dregred the markings and the ship the
causing OF ls lives General Macarthur asserted
should compelled when the
ndemnes for the lives that lost The ship of
1900
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1943-05-18
MAN. Io4, BUYS WAR BONDS

DELAWARE, Ohio.-Anxious
to do his bit to win the war, Leon
ard Brown, 104-year-old retired
farmer who marched with Sher-
man to the Sea in the Civil War,
recently invested $4,000 in War
Bonds. He declared, ITS every
body's duty to help out in this
war the best he can"
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1943-05-18
EGG TRUCK TRAIN. oMELEr

CHICAGO.AWhen his truck
containing 210 cases of eggs was
struck by freight train at a rail-
road crossing, James Manno es-
capped with a few bruises, but the
back of the truck was filled with
scrambled eggs.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1943-05-18
BY JACK STINNETT ,
tBy AssociaIed Press

WASHINGTON, May 18.-The
Battle of Washington" may not
be over for good. butIit looks as
if very definite armistiee has
been declared.
| don't mean that there won't
be occasional inter-departmental
and intra-departmenta1 flare-ups,
but the kind of feuding that has
gone on since defense started and
during our first year of war is
about over.
That's the conclusion of many
Washington observers and the
reasons for it are pretty sound.
In the first place, its generally
believed that the President has
recently cracked down on his ex-
ecutive departments and agencies
with the simple caution that here
after they could iron out their
own differences in private or else.
Recalling what happened to for
mer OPA Administrator Leon
Henderson, that "or else" carries
a lot of weight.
Secondly, the power of Second
President" James F. Byrnes in
handling home front matters is
apparently growing by leaps and
bounds and filling long-felt gap
in administration of the war eff
fort.
Washington has seen few bet
ter smoother-outers than pint
sized Jimmy Byrnes. His method
seems to be to bring warning OPP
ponents into the ring, knock their
heads together, and send them
both home happy. It's pretty
clear already that Byrnes has the
authority to back up his decisions
and that where domestic matters
are concerned, the left wing of
the White House, as he humorous
ly dubs his east wing offices. are
i just about as important as those
of the President IN the west wing.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1943-05-18
ITALIAN SOLDIERS DESERVING

LONDONReports received today that 400 Italian
said further that another detachment
caught deserving
Unrest Macedonia and in Yugoslava has be
sarrison strengthened
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1943-05-18
CHURCHILL SPEAKS TOMORROW

WASElNGTON-Prime Minister Winston Churchill will make
beginning 1880 o'clock session of
December e. ls4 when he
congress Allies offensive
ls43 become reality I'VE will take the initiative then and
they will forget he said that
ime
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1943-05-18
LATE BULLETINS
tBy Associated Press,
SOUTH GERMANY RAIDED

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS south Germany raded last
night by Raj flyers Air Ministry did release details
the planes the raid
given cities blasted identified.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1943-05-18
Thousands Of Germans Arc
Drowned In Flood Waters
LEVYING OF TRUCK
TAX BECOMES LAW
tBy Assoc. afea Pre.sI

TALLAHASSEE. May 10.
House Bill $40. authoriz-
ing the City of Key West to
levy a truck tax. which was
introduced bv Representa-
i've Bernie c. PapY of Mon
roe County. became a law
without the signature of
Governor Spessard L. Hol-
land.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1943-05-18
COMMONS IN SECRET SESSION

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS into session for six minutes TO-
made Foreign Secretary Anthony Eden
Italy reported
is the point of suing for
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1943-05-18
RoMMEL REPORTED IN ITALY

LONDONitler said have Marshal Erwin Ronel to
Italy strengthen the Alpine Invasion
have reached high because the
in the bombings both in Italy and in Germany
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1943-05-18
%MwNNNllM
OFFICIALS OPPOSE
ANTI-STRIKE BILL
CLAIM THAT PROVISIONS
EMBODIED ARE TOO
SEVERE
fRy A..ociated Pre..l

tBy Associates Press1
WASHINGTON. May Ia
Several high-ranking govern
meni officials came out today
against the Connolly Smith bill
that would outlaw strikes for the
duration of the war.
They said that the punish
ments provided for in the bill
against strikers were altogether
too severe.
Officials of the CIO and the
AT .ofL. also issued statements
against the bill. Besides de-
claring against the severity OF
the penalties, they also opposed
the provision in the bill that
provided for the casting of secret
ballots to decide on whether or
not to strike.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1943-05-18
lJyll3aya 10 7sl lsIlI|I3:s

AP Features Writer and Member
of the New York State Guard
NEW YORK, May 18.-Suppose
this message should come splitting
off the teletype:
Flash!
Strong enemy force. landing on
Long Island!'
or:
'Saboteurs converging on Rock
island arsenal. Situation out
of police CONTROL"
What happens?
The nearest regular Army force
moves into action Immediately, of
course, but the Army encampment
is hundred miles away, then
what?
Into the breach moves the state
guard-to contact, harrass and de-
lay the enemy, destroying him if
possible, until sufficient numbers
of regular troops can swing into
action.
And what is the state guard?
That man working next to you
may be a member-a civilian sol
der who goes about his regular
job in shop or office, but who has
enlisted for the duration as a
fighting man if his services are
needed.