davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-07-25

foreign policy as further discourage
ment to any future war drive by Ger
many But they recognize they can't
meet Germany alone. They want close
postwar ties with the United Nations
There are several domestic aims seek
ing better living standards and uniform
civil rights. The New York board is
concentrating on these.
The thinking here looks to a common
money for the nine countries and aban-
donment of tariffs and customs. They
hope thereby to establish free trade and
to cut the costs to the consumer
And what of cultural and religious
differences?
DR.. Gross thinks they can be preserved
under a democratic system. much as
the American Constitution protects the
differences of New England and New
Mexico.
All Of the planners are asking equal
rights for all the minorities in the nine
countries. Those minorities have always
been a sore point
Many of the planners look for their
ideas to the United States and to the
British Commonwealth For that reason,
one group in London will seek to make
English the second language in all the
schools.
English would form a link with the
denocracies and it would give the coun-
tries common language to facilitate
the growth of union
Educational Plans Progress.
Educational plans have crystallized
perhaps most solidly. Educational lead
ers from Europe met here in April. They
seek compulsory education up to is years
Of age. They want free education and
wide exchange of teachers between
their countries and the democracies. in
the hope that the idea of democratic
government will thereby spread more
rapidly.
The planners are up against welding
all sorts of beliefs together They make
no mention of the British American,
and French investment money in Gen.
trail Europe, for instance. But certainly
that money may speak loudly at the
peace conference, and perhaps for a
status quo.
The most ticklish diplomatic problem
is Russia. Her agreement is needed. Fur
thermore, the conservatives of Central
Europe must be considered in any fu-
ture friendly trade relations with the
Soviets.
The strength of the movement how
ever, may be gagged by broadcast made
by King George of Greece from Cairo,
on July 4, to his home land
He recalled his promise that his old
cabinet would resign as soon as the war
ends. And he promised further that with
in six months of the wars end he will
hold free elections for constituent
assembly convention" and that he will
respect whatever decision it makes for
the future political regime in Greece"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-07-25

countries met in New York and voted
a resolution of cooperation.
These groups, as yet, have no contact
with men from Austria, Hungary, Ru-
mania or Bulgaria. But they are going
ahead, nevertheless, with plans to re-
vamp the whole region from the Baltic
to the AEGEAN.
Baranski, the Polish planncr, for in
stance. has with him detailed maps to
illustrate the ideas of one group for
merging the railroads. river traffic,
canals. water power and coal fields.
This with the aim of gaining lower
costs and, therefore, better living stand
ards for Central Europeans
What effect would Central European
federation have on other countries?
Advocates hope it would mean peace
for Europe
Two world wars have started in the
area: At Sarajevo and in Poland and
it's hoped that a unified 100000 peo-
pleas against old Germanys 10000 900
can discourage any future "drang
noch osten fever in the Germans.
The federationists believe that Russia
must be accepted as good neghbor":
that friendly relations with her are
crucial to any form of union But they
believe she may be satisfied with her
prewar western boundary because a
federation would be buffer against in
vasion.
What strength do these planners have
behind them at home?
To answer this, DR.. Gross retails in
formation from the underground.
He has just heard from the Poles.
Their underground papers are advo-
eating federation One saws emphat-
lcally it wants no second Little Entente,
hung together on a thread of sand. 1t
wants definite union
Gross says Polish leaders of all the
larger parties agree-such parties as the
peasants, the labor unions, the Cen.rists,
the Moderate Rights
In Czechoslovakia the labor sa Mt
underground, much the largest group,
has messaged approval of the Czech
PollSh agreement. In Yugoslavia the
board has heard fighting Yugoslav
youth, also in agreement. Nothing has
peen heard from any large Greek group,
In the three large countries omitted
from present planning CRumania. Bull
garla and Hungary Gross believes large
groups of peasants and workers would
vote, If given chance, for economic
collaboration, and for unified social
laws, such as maximum work weeks and
old-age pensions.
Most of the planners speak of unified
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-07-25

of this progress may be lost. The war
demand for wheat makes it necessary
that the country again turn to the
plains-even at the risk of a new era
of duststorn5 and attendant evils.
The WA is awake to the possible
consequences. G. F. Geissler, AAA di-
rector for the region coinpr sing the
great plains, c2ys he is concerned over
the possibilities. He believes. however,
that a sufficient increase in wheat pro-
duct;on can be obtained without plow-
ing up any permanent or re-establish-
ment of pastures and ranges.
The great danger as he sees it is the
possibility that some farmers, in a de-
sire to cash in on the big war market,
grain. Next year, for the first time since
1884, there will be no Government
strings on wheat acreages or market
ings Farmers will be absolutely free to
plant as much as they desire There
will be no acreage allotments, or wheat
benefit payments, which the Govern
ment might use to guide and control
planting operations. Congress refused
to appropriate funds for such payments.
If a considerable number should go
about for wheat, the plains would be in
Tor a possible repetition. Geissler says,
OF the dust-bowl era of the 3Os.
Expects Farmer Caution.
Being a Great Plains farmer himself,
Gelssler feels, however, that most pro-
oucers will follow cautious course and
refuse to go overheard on the yellow
grain. Many. he says, went through the
drought and black billiards. of the 3os
and never want to have the experience
again.
Another favorable factor in the situa-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-07-25
Jail for Profiteers

SAN JOSE. Costa Rica LP,.-Boomino
Costa Rca, its basic cost of living IN
more than A per cent in one year, pres
emily finds itself facing a grave economic
problem on which the government of
PRESIDENT Rafael Angel Calderon
Guardia is seriously working.
In lengthy and detailed report read
to Congress this week, Minister of
Finance and Public Education Demetrio
1lnlco Castro presented the govern
ment's position in the runaway rise in
prices occasioned by wartime constr,lc-
ton money, especially the Pan-American
highway, with four-poirt plan to COM
bat It,
At the same time, Congress is con-
sldeflng a new profit Limitations law
aimed at specializing merchants.
The laW-so severe it allows for no
fine for attractions but specifies Jail
terms-would limit both importer. re-
taller and local manufacturer to a 20
per cent profit in all sales.
The governments four point plan calls
Tor stimulation of production of basic
agricultural products which because CT
their scarcity and consequent high price
use up an estimated so per cent of the
expenditures of the average country la
borer; revision of banking laws and
tipping of income taxes to take out of
circulation some Of the overabundance
of money; stringent laws to take away
import licenses of spectators on foreign
importations, and the tipping of salaries
of public employees.
The latter provision, though appear
ing contradiction in the face of plans
to remove money from circulation, is i'm
mediately necessary to Offset the rise in
cost of living effected without similar
rise in public salaries. The result has
been near-critical situation among
employees who have seen rising prices
make that fixed salary seem ever smaller
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-07-25
BY David J. WHkie,
Associated Press staff Writer.

Henry Ford will reach his Both birth
day anniversary next Friday deeply en-
crossed in task that he doesn't like, but
to which he is giving all his amazing
energy and resources-the production of
the implements of war on a gigantic
scale.
Because of the recent death of his S. n
Edsel, which brought the elder Ford
back to the presidency of the Ford Motor
Co., no formal observance of the anniver-
sary is planned. 1t is probable. however,
that Ford will take note of it in a state
ment paying tribute to the keymen still
with him who helped build the r-f1ung
industrial organization.
Ford is in excellent health. in cheerful
spirits and more than ever convinced
that the postwar era will bring pros
perity without parallel in the Nations
history.
There is slight stoop to the famed in
dustrialist's shoulders, but otherwise the
years have been kind to him. His blue
eyes are keen, his step retains the vigor
of two or more decades ago and he is,
more than ever the absolute head of the
great empire he founded 40 years ago
with $4,000 of capital that friends and
acquaintance contributed somewhat re-
luctantly.
(The companys most recent financial
statement credited it with assets worth
i3,079,879)
At an age when most men long since
would have sought. retirement, the slen-
der, wiry Ford insists upon doing full
days work. Hes working harder thar
at any time for many years." said one of
his closest associates recently.
Ford had a dual objective in the effort
he now Is putting Into his days work: A
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-07-25
(See CRACKUP, Page CD


frequently they are devices which the
engineering staff considered unavoidable
and Ford seeks to test the conclusion by
frst-hand research.
Ford dimes at home with his wife and
retires around pm.
For reading he still favors Emerson
and Tennyson. Taking his cue from the
latter's "Locksley Hail. Ford insists that,
if wars are to be ended there must be
parliament of man and a federation Of
nations patterned after our own United
States and in which there will be no
trade barriers.
Whenever Ford is asked to name the
most important thing he has done in his
lifetime the answer comes instantly:
Marrying Clara Bryant"
Mr.. and Mrs. Ford observed the 55th
anniversary of their wedding last April
II. Throughout those years Ford has
referred to his wife as 1.-The believer"
When Ford made his first experiments
with an improvised internal combustion
engine, Mrs. Ford helped by dropping
gasoline into the explosion chamber with
a medicine dropper while he turned the
crankshaft.
When he built his first vehicle and &C
quaintances ridiculed his efforts, Mrs.
Ford kept telling him it would CO. when
it did go, Mrs. Ford sat beside him on
the first ride.
Throughout the years, the story always
has been the same-Ford frequently has
sought advice from Mrs. Ford and fol-
lowed that advice
She had faith" Ford explains
And there are some among those &C
quainted with Ford who believe that
Mrs. Ford offered advice-that was &C
cepted-in the recent reorganization .of
the executive personnel Of the Ford
company.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-07-25
By Ouid A. Martin,
Associated Prs Mrltnr


A capr.cious fate again is tempting
riches in wheat-promiseS which in the
past have often brought heartaches,
hunger and financial disaster
Looking ahead to 1914, the United
Nations have realized that they must
have much more food if they are to
carry the war to a successful conclusion
and feed the starving peoples of Axis
robbed Europe. They must have foods
which can be produced quickly and
cheaply. Wheat, above all other foods,
fits that bill.
The task of supplying part of the
increased need for wheat has fallen, of
) course, to the United States.
Under the AAA crop-adjustment pro-
gram. farmers were paid to reduce their
wheat acreages. Only those farmers
who planted within their reduced AAA
allotments were eligible for subsidies.
crop loans and other benefits. Further.
farmers were given aid in re-establishing
pastures and ranges. They also were
taught to use soil and water conserva-
ton measures and cultivat.ng practices
In 1910 and 194l additional restric-
tons on wheat were imposed in the
form of rigid AAA marketing quotas
Under quotas, farmers were subjected to
heavy penalty taxes for grain sold in
excess of their allotment.
Back on It's Feet.
BY this year considerable progress had
been made in putting great plains ag-
riculture back on its feet without being
dependent upon wheat alone.
But now there is danger that much
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-07-25

war production job that runs into more
than $4,500,000 900, and the more per-
sonal task of keeping the great Ford or
ganzation wholly within control of the
Ford family.
The death of Edsel Ford left a gap ir
the line of succession somewhat difficult
to fill because none of his three sons has
been trained for the task of heading the
industrial empire. Moreover, all three
Clay Ford-are in the armed services
and their industrial training cannot be-
gin until the wars end.
There is a growing conviction in local
industrial quarters that Benson Ford is
destined to play an important part in the
future of the company. Besides being
named director of the Ford Motor Co.
he was also elected director of the
Manufacturers National Bank of Detroit.
in which his late father was heavy
stockholder.
Although Henry Ford's hatred of war
never has changed, he is concentrating
on the arms production task because he
believes that every extra effort that each
individual can put forth will hasten the
end of the present conflict.
Ford long has maintained that wars
are instigated by limited group of per-
sons seeking financial profit. He insists
that the average individual, regardless
OF nationality, wants no part of war
Ford invariably rises at am and
after simple breakfast with Mrs. Ford
begins round Of conferences and plant
inspections that occupy him until lunch
time, round table that Is a daily func-
tion for Ford and leading executives of
his company.
Ford spends his afternoons In the
laboratory experimenting with motors
and other mechanical devices. Not In
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-07-25

ton, says the AAA official. is the fact
mat most farmers have learned to use
proper ullage practices designed to con-
serve water and soil. These include
roughenlng, contours, strip cropping,
following and the use of cover crops.
There are some other factors which,
on the ether hand may contribute to an
oVereXparson of wheat on land that
should be kept in permanent pasture.
They include dissatisfaction on the part
OF some farmers with the Governments
price policies on beef cattle This may
lead some farmers to 60 out of the cattle
business and plant wheat instead
Will Know Soon.
The Government should have fairly
good idea within three months of wheth-
er the great plains is to be subjected to
a new plowup era. Winter wheat, which
makes up the greater portion of the
bread-grain crop, is seeded in September
and October.
The AAA will make appeals during
the next so days urging farmers to use
caution in expanding grain acreages.
Planted acreage can be expanded
with relative safety" the AAA will say,
by blowing up some of the compara-
lively large acreage which has been used
fer hay and pasture and by speeding up
the cycle Of crop rotation on some farms.
Wheat farmers are cautioned against
reckless blowing up of native sod and
land which recently has been returned
to permanent grassland. They should
maintain strip cropping and fallow ro-
tation practices
But the future fate of the plains-in-
volving possibly new outbreak of Sc
we're duststorms-is solely In the hands
Of farmers themselves.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-07-25
Oil Shortage in Belgium

Saboteurs are not the only cause of
factory slowdowns in Belgium. The
severe shortage of lubricants for machin-
cry is producing very high number of
accidents and Interruptions in industries
throughout Belgium.
Evening star., 1943-06-09

lD) For the Overly Plump. Butter
lex ZoO5. Clever sIenderizing toeties.
Use this polko-dot royon crepe in your
fovor'te color; yord
lE) Figure FIattery. Advance 36l3.
Sleeve treatment to accent lovely
orns. Use plain royon sheer; yord.
I.39
~ Figure selsnes. Mccall 5258.
Build-up on shoulders for "welI-pro-
portioned look. Soft dropping royon
jersey print; yord 80
Evening star., 1943-06-09
District Bar DELAYS
Changing Admission
Rules Until War Ends
King Elected President
In Close Contest at
Annual Meeting

Proposed changes in rules govern
ing admission to the District Bar
have been shelved until after the
war, it was announced last night at
the District Bar Associations annual
meeting at which Milton w. King
was elected president in a close con-
test.
Presented last year by the late
Justice Alfred Wheat, the suggested
revisions were tabled by the District
Court after the association an
nounced its opposition to any
changes now. The organizations
reasons were set forth in brief filed
by Paul B. Cromelin, retiring presi-
dent.
The committee on legal education
and admittance requirements, head
ed by Guilford S. Jameson, voted
against the proposals principally be-
cause it thought liberalization of the
rules at this time would bring about
serious maladjustment in legal
circles after the war when many
lawyers now in service resume prac-
tice. Most vigorously opposed was
the proposal to eliminate from the
regulations reciprocity between the
District and other States.
Other Changes Listed.
Other changes would recognize
Government service in Washington
as active practice, thereby making
thousands of attorneys in Federal
service eligible for appointment to
the District bench and other legal
posts, and would qualify for admis-
sion on motion any lawyer with five
years of practice to his credit in any
State.
Under present requirements ap-
plicants can be admitted to the Dis
trict bar on motion of member if
they have studied three years at an
accredited law school and have
passed the bar examination in their
home State, provided the State has
reciprocal agreement with the Dis
trict for admission of local members
to its bar.
The keen race between Mr.. King
and A. K. Shipe resulted in one of
the largest ballots in the associ-
| ooASAA . AlAoVOAy oA1O hCDo Cl1C LlCSllOil
Board counting votes until mid
night. Mr.. King polled 46O votes
to 425 for his opponent.
Edmund D. Campbell defeated
Norman B. Frost for first vice presi-
dent, w. Cameron Burton was
elected second vice president over
John w. Jackson, Wilbur L. Gray
was chosen secretary over John F.
Hillyard, and Lowry N. Coe won
the position of treasurer, defeating
Arthur r. Pilkerton.
Three Directors Chosen.
Chosen directors for two-year
terms were Daniel w. ODonoghue,
jr.; Ralph A. Cusick and Spencer
Gordon.
Mr.. King long has been identified
with civic affairs and in fraternal
circles. A graduate of Central High
School, Mercersburg (Pa) Academy,
Princeton University and George
town University Law School, he has
practiced law in Washington since
1915, excepting for a year and
half during the World War when he
served as an ensign in the Navy.
| Secretary of the Princeton Club
Evening star., 1943-06-09

of Washington, Mr.. King also is
treasurer Of the National Symphony
Orchestra Association, member of
the District Ration Board in charge
of appeals, a director of Columbia
Hospital, director of the WASH
ingtoin Criminal Justice Association
and a director of the Washington
Redskins football team.
The Bar Associations Committee
on Legal Assistance to Servicemen
and Their Dependents reported it
has handled 639 cases. A resolution
recommending revision of the law
providing allotment of funds to
servicemen's dependents was ap-
proved. 1t is aimed at correcting
abuses of the existing regulations
by asking that allotments be de-
termined by proper officials rather
than by mandatory deduction from
soldiers pay. The resolution will
be submitted to the House Military
Affairs Committee.
Mr.. Cromelin reported the ad-
mission of 1874 new members to the
association during the year.
Evening star., 1943-06-09

(A) For the Short Figure. Butterek
1855. Emphasis on long sweeping
line. Use this beautiful textured royon
shontune; yard
tB) For the Very Thin. Vogue 9TH.
FIotterine dropeY and fulIness. Plus
this printed royon crepe; yard, LIS
tc) For the Too Toll. Simplicity
1851. Two coIors decrease height.
Plain royon crepe with blouse front
Of check royon toffeto; both, yard. 81
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1943-07-09

a Volunteer Red Cross nurse aid
three nights a week in Los
Angeles hospital. You will
not be seeing Shirley Temple as
Mickey Rooney's leading lady in
the next Andy Hardy picture.
Mama Temple turned down
Metros offer of $4,000 for
Shirley TO play the role. =.
Col. Daryl Zanuck resumes his
film work July l. The Army has
placed him on the inactive list.
Andrew TombS. veteran COM
edian of stage and screen, is one
of those naturally funny fellows
whose bald. bespectacled appear
ance and ministerial manner con-
tribute to his humor. He's the
ideal undertaken of the screen
when the scene and story re-
quire the lighter touch, such as
his current role in Universal's
mystery thriller, The NJ a &
Ghoul. -
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1943-07-09
TOO BAD FOR FINLAND

It IS with sincere regret thot most Americans
have watched relations between this country and
Finland progress toward diplomatic break which
almost inevitably will cuninote in war We admire
the Fnns and we hove been very Ienent because we
recognize both the onnus which led them to join
in the against Russo and the pressure from Ger
many which makes il difficult for them to break
owoy.
But the issues involved ore too grove to be de-
cded on sentiment onnd sympathy Germany IS our
enemy ond must be crushed RUSSO is oily, and
must be given every possible assistance. Now that
Finland hos accomplished her ovowed and legitimate
object, by recopturin9 the territory taken by Rus
sic, she must make her choice whether to fight
against TO assert her rights against Germany, OF
whatever cost # she decides wrone the blame is on
her own head.
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1943-07-09
THE WOOD SHED RECIPE

Thot Session in the wood shed" recipe for iu-
veniie delinquency offered by Police Chief lymon
Eekhordt, of Eost Detroit ossuredIy does not cover
oil situations but, unquestionobIy is applicable to
mony of the evils which beset wor-time American
youth.
There oppeors TO be altogether too much cod
ding Of MONIES deors" these dogs; particularly as
emple fomiIy incomes moke possible doubtful owe
nues Of exploration TO unstable youngsters.
Directly ehorseobIe TO porents ond the general
home atmosphere is q greet deoi OF the responsible
ity for things thot go wrong II about time tho
Americans oil Of US owokened TO the foet thot
we ore oetuoIIy doing children an injury - not
fovor when we permit them TO grow up without
respect either for porentoI civil authority. Thot
form. O dangerous poth ond spells breakers ahead.
Nevertheless do not subscribe TO the foet that
the situation is widespread general. Noturol,
heothy youngsters bound TO kick over the troees
upon occasion. The responsibility which we must not
shun however, eenters upon the direction hot whole
some exuberonee tokes eontrosted TO sordid, po-
tentioIIy criminal, trends.
The wood shed will help lot