davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-09-24
Gen. Butcher 10 Retire
From Duty In January
Special Dispatch to The Star,

special Dispttch to The Star.
BALTIMORE, Sept. 04.-The i'm
pending retirement of Brig. Gen.
Edwin Butcher, Sd Service Command
chief OF staff, and the assignment of
Maj. Kenneth E. Grifith as air
liaison officer to the command, has
been announced by Maj. Gen. Milton
A. Reckord.
Gen. Butchers retirement headed
a list of approximately 80 officers in
the 80 Service Area who have passed
statutory retirement age and whose
release from active service has been
authorized by the War Department,
Gen. Reckord said
Gen. Butcher, who will retire from
active duty on January 81, 1914. has
been an officer in the Regular Army
since his graduation from the United
States Military Academy In 1904.
Maj. Griffith of Indianapolis, was
one of the two original organizers Of
Universal Air Lines, Inc, which be-
gan commercial passenger route
between Cleveland and Chicago In
1928. Universal later became known
as American Airlines.
Gen. Reckord said that Mai. Crit
nth was member OF the aviation
section of the Signal Corps during
the World War, He studied ad-
vanced flying in France and Italy
Gen. Reckord added.
Evening star., 1943-09-24
Miss lydia preityman
Dies al Rockville
After Long Illness

Miss Lydia Forrest Prettyman, 10,
former chief deputy register OF Wills
for Montgomery County, died yes
terdsy at her home, 104 West Jeffer-
son. street, Rockville, Md, after a
long illness.
"A native Of Rockville, Miss Pretty
man was the daughter Of e. Barrett
and Lydia Forrest Prettyman. Her
father was at one time principal OF
the State Normal School in Towson,
Md.
She was the aunt Of e. Barrett
Prettyman, former corporation coun-
sci for the District.
She had been connected with the
register of wills ONCE in Rockville
for more than 80 years and had risen
from deputy to chief deputy before
her retirement some years ago. She
Evening star., 1943-09-24
Pacific Charter Asked
By Barry in Resolution

BY the Associated Press.
A Pacific charter, employing prin-
ciples Of the Atlantic Charter, is
proposed by Representative Barry,
Democrat, Of New York in reso-
luton.
A six-man committee would be
directed to study and determine
upon the principles and policies
which should be observed in order to
assure to the peoples of the Pacific
area the greatest possible measure of
peace, freedom and security in the
future, and at the earliest practica-
ole date recommend to Congress
Pacific charter embodying
and enunciating such principles and
policies. using the Atlantic Charter
as model so far as is practicable"
The committee would be composed
of three Senator'S and three Repre-
sentatives.
Evening star., 1943-09-24

was a member of the Rockville IN
quiry Club,
Miss Prettyman is survived by a
brother. the Rev. Forrest j. Pretty
man. former chaplain Of the Senate;
two sisters, Mrs. Eliza Kilgour and
Mrs. Mamie Masruder. all of Rock
vile; three nephews, two nieces, IL
great-nephews and nieces and one
great-great-niece.
Funeral services will be at $50
pm. tomorrow at Miss Prettyman's
home. The Rev. John w. Rosenberg,
pastor OF the Rockville Methodist
Church. will ofiiciate, assisted by the
Rev. DR.. Frank A. Tyler, former pas
tor Of the Rockville Methodist
Church. Burial will be in Rockville
Cemetery.
Evening star., 1943-09-24
Memorial Rites Planned
For 1t. PuuI G. Mitchell

A memorial service for 1t. Paul
Graham Mitchell, "a, of 90s How
ard road Sc, who was killed in
action last August II, will be held
at 6 pm. Sunday at st. Phillips
Church. 25511a Nichols avenue Sc.
Many Of his boyhood friends will
attend the services.
1t. Mitchell is survived by his
sfathers=and mother, Mr.. and Mrs;
Harry G. Mitchell; q brother, Har~
old 8. Mitchell, and q sister, Mrs.
Harryette Shelton.
Evening star., 1943-09-24
Jap Forces Eyacuate
Another Key Island
In SoIomons Area
U. S. Troops Goin Posts
Only | ZOO Yords South
OF koIombunquru
1t kolombunquru

BY the Associated Press,
WITH U. s. GROUND FORCES
ON SAGE KARASA ISLAND.
Solomons, Sept. 20 Delayed
The Japanese gave up another
important strategic spot today,
their infantry fleeing in the early
morning darkness from this tiny
island during a heavy artillery
exchange.
The capture of the island, which
the Japanese once apparently in
tended to defend to the last man,
gives TO the American forces posi-
tions only 1900 yards south of
Kolombangara across Blackett Strait.
The Japanese have an air base and
q garrison, ringed with guns, at Villa
on Kolombangara.
The Japanese fight occurred while
American mortars pounded their
positions. Barges from Kolomban-
CARA evacuated them, but not every
Japanese boat got back.
One Japanese boat blundered on
to a portion of Sage Karasa beach
held by United States forces.
"a communique yesterday from
headquarters of Gen.. Douglas
Macarthur announced that rem
hants OF Japanese on the north
shore of Arundel Island, west of
New Georgia. and on Sage Karasa
Island, 200 yards off Arundel, had
been wiped OUT
Evening star., 1943-09-24
Dean ToyIor, Editor, Dies

FAIRFIELD, Iowa. Sept. a. R.-
Dean Taylor, 81, editor Of the Fair
field Daily Ledger since 1880, died in
a Rochester tMinn) hospital last
night after an operation. He for
merly was associated with news
papers In Warren, Lorain, Alliance
and Elyria, Ohio.
Evening star., 1943-09-24
Alumni Club to Elect

Ofhcers for the next year will be
elected at the first fall meeting of
the William and Mary Alumni Club
OF Washington at 8 o'clock tonight
at the Statler Hotel. Rolfe e. KAN
nard has been president of the club
for the last two years.
Evening star., 1943-09-24
Austrnjion Forces Reach
AirfieId at Finschhofenf

ALLIED h1EFS I'm
THE SOUTHWEST PACIFIC, Sept.
"a tP.-Australian artillery pounded
the Japanese today in the New
Guinea coastal base at Finschhafen,
arching shells over front-line pa
trolls. which have beaten down
rapidly fading enemy resistance and
reached the edge of an airfield 2
miles north OF their objective.
Gen. Douglas Macarthur thus
confronted the Japanese with the
threatened loss of their third air
base since September IL in jungle
sector where the enemy already has
expended more than 10000 men,
Today Gen Macarthur permitted
release of the first details of the
amphibious operation against
Finschhafen, only 10 overwater miles
southwest of New Britain, a key
position of the japanese.
Australians began landing on a
beach 6 miles north of Finschafen
at dawn Wednesday, six days after
the fall Of Lac and 10 days after the
capture OF Salamaua.
American warships bombarded
enemy positions beyond the beach
head. Bombers dropped 81 tons of
explosives on Finschafen Attack
planes fred $4,000 rounds of am
munition.
Eighty-five miles to the northeast,
the Japanese air units at Cape
Gloucester, New Britain, were pre-
vented from interfering. For four
hours big American bombers blasted
that base with 70 tons of bombs and
attack planes poured out 5000
rounds Of bullets.
Not until midmorning did any
Japanese planes appear. Two were
shot down from high altitude. At
noon, as the ships were withdrawing,
between 90 and 80 japanese bon1bers
arrived with an escort of more than
40 fighters.
The warships filled the sky with
puffs OF antiaircraft, fire. American
fighters piled into the enemy forma-
tions. Forty Japanese planes. were
downed for certain. Five more were
believed destroyed. Only three Allied
planes we're lost and the pilot OF
one was saved.
No Ships Damaged.
Not q ship was damaged by the
enemy. Not passenger was in
jured. Headquarters emphasized
that in today's communique.
While Australian soldiers and
American paratroopers hunted down
500 Japanese who fed into the jun
giles above captured Lac, headquar-
ters reported today a preliminary
count of more than $500 enemy
soldiers slain since July ! in the
Lae-Salamaua sector. Six Thousand
more were estimated previously to
have been killed there before July /.
"Final estimates will be very much
greater" the communique stated.
Other Raids Successful.
Allied air action reported in the
eommunioue included a 23-ton raid
on an airdrome on Amboina. 800
miles north OF Australia; downing Of
six enemy fighters in raid on the
Kai Islands; sinking Of an enemy
cargo ship of Kavieno, New Ire
land; destruction Of nine barges and
setting aflre of a cargo ship near
Choiseul Island in the Solomons:
wiping out Of eight grounded planes
at the Kahili airdrome. Bougainville,
and bagging of two enemy fighters
over Buka.
Japanese bombers, at cost of one
plane, made unsuccessful night raids
on American positions on New
Georgia and Vella Lavella. One
hundred sixty miles southeast of
Finschhafen, damage and casualties
were caused Wednesday on the AL
lied base of Buna by six enemy
planes.
Evening star., 1943-09-24

Stop growing about the things
you can't spend your money for.
You can buy War b9nds With IT.
Evening star., 1943-12-26
Russian Front

Battling fiercely toward Vitebsk, i'm
portant German bastian standing in the
path of the Red drive toward the old
Polish border, Russian troops on the
18th day of their winter offensive moved
within II miles of the city Thursday
and even the German radio admitted
that the line had been preached at a
number of points.
Vitebsk is on a rail line connecting
with one of the two which stretch up
into the Baltic states. Capture of
Vitebsk together with the successes now
being had northward in the Newell sector
would seriously embarrass the entire
German position leading up into
Finland.
In a desperate diversionary move
ment, the Germans threw in their
heaviest recent tank concentration along
a 400-mile front leading from White
Russia down to the Dnieper bend, but
to no avail. The Red troops, leaning
on their heavy artillery and big mobile
field guns, broke up the Nazi attacks
and in one battle alone destroyed 147
tanks.
There were indications that Marshal
Won Mannstein had abandoned his ef-
fort to recapture Kiev from the Reds
and shifted large number of his troops
down toward Kirovograd, enemy base in
the Dnieper bend.
1t was revealed also that the enemy
had abandoned his bridgehead on the
southeastern side Of the Dnieper near
Evening star., 1943-12-26
YugosIov Front

The Partisan forces of Marshal Broz
have assumed the initiative in all areas
In Yugoslavia where Hitler is now con-
centrating at least II divisions in an
effort to remove the threat to his Balkan
positions
With an army Of 250,000 men under
his command, Broz has moved forward
to position close to Zagreb, Croatian
capital, where major battle is impend-
ing. Offensives are also making progress
in Sanjak, Bosnia and Slavonia.
Broz known as Drug Tito, after de-
nouncing the hostile attitude and acts
of young King Peter, has ordered the
ruler in exile deprived of all of his rights
and has forbidden him to return to the
country until after the war. At that
time, 1t was pledged. the question of
whether the monarchy is to be con-
tinued will be left in the hands of the
people,
Evening star., 1943-12-26
Italian Front

Fierce fighting in Italy marked by a
house-to-house stand In some places by
the Nazis against both the American
5th and the British 9Th Armies con-
tinued all week but substa antial progress
was made both in the East and in the
West.
For several days the Nazis sought bit
terly to prevent capture of Ortuno,
Adriatic port which has served as the
eastern anchor Of the German line, but
the British, spear-headed by Canadians,
fought their way into, and through, the
city. Every street was a separate bat
tlef1eld and the Germans were liberal
in their use of Mark w tanks and para
troopers who were thrown into the
battle as infantry but could not hold
the British back. .'
The Americans under 1t. Gen. Mark
Clark, who in a Christmas message to
his men expressed the belief that they
were fighting their last Christmas be-
fore the war is won in Europe, pushed
2la miles through a snowstorm to cap
ture 2,6oo-foot Mount Spinuccio on
MonQay.
This success was followed the next
day by a considerable advance under
cover Of heavy mortar and artillery fire
which took the 5th Army into the out
skirts OF San Vittore on the road to
Rome. On the central front, French
troops serving with the Americans aided
in the capture of number of high
points on the road to Casino.
Despite the arrival of fresh Nazl re-
serves, the 5th went on in another drive
to take Mount Catallo and bring the
village Of Venafro under artillery fire.
The advance on San Vittore continued
also, but progress was slow because of
the number of pillboxes which barred
the advance but which were being sys-
tematically eliminated.
Evening star., 1943-12-26
Lend-Leuse
Continued From Page C-l0

are few. The little fellows prefer to
keep quiet and curry favor with whoever
controls the flow of goods.
One senses vague undercurrent Of
resentment against Americans. This 10
perhaps inevitable in view Of the 'some-
thing for nothing" attitude that many
non-Americans have toward the Amer
ican lease-lend idea.
The notion that any one would VOL
unfairly give anything to a stranger is
completely foreign to most Of these
people. They are glad to get it, but look
upon the Americans as prodigal simple
tons. Then when it develops that some
one really does have to pay, and pay
high price to local people, resentment is
natural even if illogically directed.
Tight Supervision Urged.
The impact OF lease-lend on q colonial
economy such as Morocco's is 50 tre-
mendous that it cannot be handled ON
the same basis as in Britain, with its
stable government, well-ordered econ-
omy and integrated social structure.
Americans who have watched lease<
lend in Africa express the opinion that
In countries such as this, and probably
In war-upset European lands, American
control and coordination must go much
further. They suggest tight supervision
Of distribution right down to the ultt-
mate consumer.
The result, they say, should be cheap
er, more equitable distribution and
greater respect for American methods
on the part of shrewd, realistic people
who are prone to mistake generous hon.
esty for muddle- headed weakness
Selection of proper items for lease.
lend y another question that should
repay constant study.
Evening star., 1943-12-26
BY John L. Springer,
Associated Press Writer.

AS the American campaign to knock
along, it appears likely that the bulk of
the job will be done by airpower.
New Britain's terrain is exceptionally
unsuited to ground fighting and land
drive across its mountains and jungles,
from the landing beach at Arawe to the
key base of Rabaul at the northern tip
of the island, would be long, tortuous
business involving months and possibly
years.
Preceding the invasion December is,
heavy United States bombers blasted
Rabaul SO thoroughly that its useful
ness to the enemy as a naval operating
base was largely erased Since the oc-
cupation of Arawe, bombers have con-
tinued the offensive, striking at other
prize objectives as well, including the
airflelds at Gasmata, Cape Gloucester
and Kimbe Bay. Already holding naval
and air superiority. Macarthur appears
TO plan to wipe out the Japs' military
installations, cut their lines of supply
and then hit them on the ground after
they have been isolated and their ability
to resist has been seriously weakened.
This formula has been tested at Bou-
gainville. After the Americans landed
there on November and dug in around
Empress Augusta Bay, they set up an
airbase. pounded the Japs In the
jungles and blasted their attempts to
bring in supplies by sea. AS a result,
although there are believed to be 1000
Japanese in Bougainville, they are COM
paratively powerless. They have no air
force to speak of and their fields have
been bombed full of holes.
New Britain now has been placed
under a similar squeeze. Planes from
Arawe, New Guinea and Bougainville,
and carrier-based airships operating out
OF the Gilberts, can all apply grow
Ing pressure. Sea routes also are firmly
under United States control.
The apparent strategy against New
Britain-an island-hopping operation
IN the literal sense-may be used
against the Japanese Pearl Harbor" of
TTuk when the time comes to drive
against that barrier in one of the final
moves to reopen the road to the East
Indies and the Philippines.
A land drive on Truk, which consists
OF 200 little islands and 40-mile lagoon.
would be extremely costly. But If
American airpower could drive the jap
anese fleet out of its present protected
cover and If sea and air strength could
largely neutralize the base, it would mark
one of the great tri,lmphs of the war
Evening star., 1943-12-26
Lumber
Continued From Page CID

be ironical for the United States, for
example, to participate in far-sighted
program for forest restoration in occu-
pied countries while failing to come to
grips with destructive cutting practices
at home.
He paints dark picture of this coun-
trys forestry resources. He declares
that If our forests are to make their
greatest contribution to national well
fare, it will be necessary to provide bet
ter care and management than they
have received so far.
To-day, after decades of agitation
and educational effort, most of the cut
ting on private forest nds, which sup
ply more than 80 per CIT of the annual
output OF forest products, is DONE" he
says, without regard for the future pro-
ductivity of the resource; and one-third
Of the private forest area of the country
is still without organized fire protec-
ton"
Watts says people are generally
unaware Of how critical the forest situa-
tion is and Of the social and economic
implications Of depleted reserves.
For several years the forest service
has urged legislation to give the Federal
Government authority to regular tim
ber-cutting practices on private land
This legislation has been opposed by
leaders in the forestry industry.
ut is unfortunate" Watts says "that
a well-f1nanced publicity campaign
sponsored by the forest industries is
designed to cultivate public complacency
when destructive cutting is so wide
spread This campaign creates the i'm
preston that little not already being
done by the forest industries is needed
to assure the Nation ample timber sup
plies for the future"
Watts declares three major lines OF
public action are needed:
l. Regulation Of forest practices on
private lands.
2. Federal aid to forest land owners
such as greater fire protection and sup
plies Of seedlings for replanting.
3. Extension Of public ownership.
Evening star., 1943-12-26
Contracts
Continued From Page CID

department, will undoubtedly be many
times greater than the measurable re-
coveries and price reductions in existing
contracts"
Nine times out Of ten, say the price
adjusters Of the War Department, price
agreements are reached with little or
no trouble. There is, of course, a re-
calcitrant fringe of contractors, and in
dealing with one OF this group the ad-
justment board falls back on the law
which permits the Secretary of War
or the head of whatever department
may be concerned-to make his own
final determination and enforce it.
Chairman Dodge of the War Depart
ment's board tells of two extreme ex-
amples of nonco-operation. There was
one contractor who, because of the war,
had renegotiaole sales so times greater
than his total sales in the base period
and was making a profit of more than
so per cent before taxes. He said he
was entitled to the profit, intended to
keep it, and If deprived of it would stop
manufacturing goods for the Govern
ment. Then there was the case Of two
owners Of a business whose combined
salaries jumped from $4,000 in 1910 to
$4,000 in 1912, who paid themselves in
addition $4,000 in dividends in 1912
land then claimed that renegotiation,
which left them sufficient profit to do
this was hurting the life of their busi-
ness"
Only Few Directors.
Happily, says Dodge, there are only
a few contractors of this type.
A proposed amendment to the rene
gotiation law would extend the exist
ing 100000 exemption to contractors
doing up to 100000 Of war business
The change has been recommended by
Undersecretary of War Robert P. Pat
terson and probably will be approved
by Congress. It is intended to apply
only to business done in 1943 and there
after. The lease load" according to
Dodge, would be reduced by about 20
per cent, but only a negligible percent
age of the total dollar volume of recov-
erable war profits would be affected.
1t Is safe to say that the law will
stand, with only minor changes, for the
duration Of the war. AS Dodge says, the
present tax rates. high though they are,
cannot wholly wipe out excessive war
profits. Something else is necessary If
the pledges Of both political parties are
to be redeemed, and nobody has yet de-
vised satisfactory substitute for r.
negotiation.
o''a''1 e:i: si: ,s4s9b:ssssa 4sssbs:sa:aa., Win 'h'
Evening star., 1943-12-26

U-boat base at Bremen at an altitude
of miles and with the temperature at
so degrees below zero, dropped heavy
load of explosives and incendiaries.
The Nazis attempted to hide the target
area by rolling smoke screen, but the
bombing was done with great precision
nevertheless. American losses were
high, numbering 80 planes, although 40
German interceptors were knocked out
of the sky.
Capt. Jimmy Stewart, former movie
star, who piloted one of the Liberators,
declared after his return: "The boys
really had a good look at all types of
German fighters"
Wednesday the American bombers,
on their fifth daylight mission in two
weeks, swept over Northwestern Ger
many, though the target area was not
disclosed. Wednesday night the Brit
iSh were out in great force in the Pas
de Calais section in q series of raids
which were at first rather mysterious
until word leaked out that the Ger
mans were supposed to have set up a
number of their rocket guns, first pic
lures of which were received in Wash
ington last week, in this section for an
attack on England.
Thursday there was further and con-
tinuous raiding of that section OF
France which is just 4 short distance
across the Channel from England.
Planes, both large and small, ham
mered away at what were described as
military objectives. Whatever the OBJ
jectives were. their usefulness must
have been severely curtailed by the
weight of bombs which struck them
during last week.
Evening star., 1943-12-26
PucifcFront

Inc tlde OF war continued to run
strongly against the Japanese last week,
with Allied air superiority making itself
felt throughout the Pacific island area
and substantial successes recorded for
the Chinese and for Gurkhas from
India who struck in Burma.
The American troops, part of the 9Th
Army, who captured beachheads on New
Britain Island, went forward Tuesday
to take the air strip at Arawe and thus
place themselves in nice position for
short-range drives on Gasmata and
Cape Gloucester, Jap bases on the
southern part of the island on which is
located also rapidly weakening Rabaul
Two air raids on Cape Gloucester last
Sunday brought to 1000 tons the weight
OF explosives dropped on that important
port since December /, and again during
the past week other sharp raids took
place. Cape Gloucester, serving as
port for the barge lines supplying the
Japs on New Guinea where Australians
under Gen. Macarthur have almost
completed their campaign on the Huon
Peninsula, is vital to the Japs and may
soon be an objective of new amphibious
forces.
number Of Jap raids on the Amer
lean positions at Arawe cost the enemy
heavily and accomplished little. One
American raid on New Ireland Island,
which Is north of New Britain, cost the
enemy e,000-ton ship, which was sunk
in the harbor.
There were indications that the Japs
are pulling their forces on Bougainville
Island. which number about $4,000, out
OF the southern end Of the islands and
concentrating them IN the northern halt,