davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1943-09-04

be approved by the board, DR.. Dan
iels is qualified, by state registra-
ton, to perform highly technical
duties in the engineering profession,
such as the planning and supervi-
sion of construction work of various
types homes, bridges, and other
structures.
A graduate OF the University of
Arizona with the distinction of be-
ing the only Negro to graduate from
that institution with degree in
civil engineering, he later took his
masters and electorate degree from
Iowa State. Prior to accepting work
at Louisiana's State Institution for
Negroes, Southern's engineer work.
ed at A. and T. and Prairie View
Colleges.
DR.. Daniels wife, DR.. v. r. Dan
iels, like her illustrious husband, is
a member of Southern's faculty,
concentrating her efforts in the ed
ucation department. The couple has
one daughter, Fan Nell, who attends
the University of Demonstration
School.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1943-09-04
FEPCLays
Continued From Page u

uncertain, there is little doubt as
to the worthiness Of the effort to
determine whether or not there has
been discrimination in certain job
classifications based upon race, creed
or color, all with an eye to eliminat-
ing this discrimination.
Before touching on the complaints
that have been filed and which are
the bases for the hearing, everyone
ought to have a smattering OF
knowledge at least of what the
employment situation was 40 or
so years ago and right down to
the present. Highpoints are ade-
quate.
ONCE IN MAJORITY
In this, the day of the diesel en-
CINE, those who handle the power
house OF our modern streamliners
are almost in the class of white
collar workers compared to the
character Of the job years ago.
Then, locomotive engines sped
down the right-of- way only because
man was in it shoveling coal for
all he was Worth-which wasn't
much as wage scales will bear out.
This type of work was hard, hot
and dirty. A fireman had to shovel
from II to Is tons of coal any day
! on a regular run. The jobs of
brakeman and sWitchman also were
no desirable types of work. Natural
ly, it being below the dignity of
the white man, Negroes were used
largely in these tasks.
At one time-and this was before
and including the period of World
War Negroes were in the MAORI
ty on southern lines as firemen,
switchmen and brakemen. Ninety
percent of the firemen were said
to be colored at one time on the
Seaboard Air line, Atlantic Coast
line, Georgia railroad, Louisville
and Nashville, and the Southern
| Railway company.
PICTURE CHANGES
SWitchmen and brakemen were in
relatively the same position. In
the Florence, S. c., yard of the
Atlantic Coast line, all switching
was done by Negroes; today there
are hardly amy. Terminal yards in
Houston once had IS percent Negro
switchmen; today there are about
Is percent.
The bureau of labor statistics of
the department of labor got up
some figures in 1924 to show that
throughout the United States, Ne
groes were engaged in the rail-
road industry to this extent in the
seven major categories:
Laborers 95,713; Porters-train
and pullman 20,224; Firemen 6,478;
Brakemen ABS; Switchmen and
fagmen 2,874; Boiler washers 2,377;
Foreman and overseers 1,195.
Others were in baggage, and
freighting, conductors, engineers,
inspectors, telegraphers, and tele-
| phone and telegraph inesmen.
A study made by DR.. Robert C.
Weaver, DR.. Charles S. Johnson,
DR.. Ira De A. Reid and DR.. Preston
Valian for the period 1886 show
ed there to be 1243 Negro firemen
throughout the country which is
quite a contrast to the labor de-
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1943-09-04
Legion OF Merit
fcoas:aued f.o-a Page u


The regiment ana several hundred
spectators as he awarded the medal,
and First Sergeant Roach has
demonstrated the finest type Of
leadership - by example. His &C.
ton was an inspiration to lis all, an
example which stimulates us all to
greater efforts"
Pointing out that the greatest
casualties in battle are among the
poorly trained, General Philoon
said it was the job of the IRTC to
so train men that good habits FORM
ed here will go with them into
combat.
1.-The war of the Infantry soldier
is a rough, tough, dangerous game, y
he said. 1--WE must accustom soldiers
to battle conditions - its sounds, its
hardships and dangers. We must
have infiltration courses, village
fighting courses and combat firing.
We may feel certain that battle
training here saves hundreds of
lives overseas.
PLANES may bomb and tanks
may roar through the lines, but it
Is the job of the Doughboy to fight
on, pressing ever forward. on foot,
tired, hungry, thirsty, even wound
ed, knowing full well that the battle
is being won only if he and his
buddies are going forward to kill or
capture the enemy
There is no service less glamor-
Gus, none more glorious
Sergeant Roach entered the Army
soon after finishing high school at
Ironton, Ohio. His wife and their
daughter live in nearby Admission.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1943-09-04

partment figure. Whatever the case
might be. the number Is shrinking
and rapidly.
The coming Of the diesel engine
has si-ea impetus 70 the d,4re.
n 1908 the Georgia railroad re-
placed 10 white hostelers With Ne
sroes at reduced rate Of pay. This
antagonized the Brotherhood Of
Locomotive FiTemen-in which Ne
groes were barred from member
ship-and they called a strike. The
effect was to crystalline the senti-
ment among white railroad men to
eliminate the Negro as a competi-
tor. Two years later, another strike
took place on the Cincinnati, New
Orleans and Texas Pacific railroad,
and 10 firemen were killed with
many injured. The strike was pro-
voked by the hiring of Negroes for
the first time.
Gradually campaign of intimi-
dalton developed that began to
reduce the ranks of Negro firemen,
Switchmen and blakemen. The
trend was accelerated by the change
to war work where better salaries
were to be had.
But those VINO were to remain be-
hind decided to organize and to
fight the fight. The first organiza-
ton of Negro railway workers, the
colored Locomotive F1remep's asso-
citation, was formed In Georgia in
1902 or 1903. In May, 1915, the
Railway Mems International Bene-
VIOLENT and Industrial association
was organized in Chicago for the
purpose of forming lone big union"
Robert L. Maye headed it.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1943-09-04
Militant Pastor


Councilman Powell announced
from his home in Oak Bluffs.
Mass, that he would run for the
unexpired term
Failure to do this will mean a
great loss of Negro voters" he de-
clared ''for it has been proven that
the Negro electorate is behind
me regardless of party
In spite of the councilman's self
assurance, there were still certain
matters to be ironed out a. press
time, more important of which
were strategy and party designa-
ton.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1943-09-04

he may hit snag because ne an
nounced publicly that when he
made the run IN 1874 he would
enter ali the primaries. This t--pe
cf thinking doesn't set right nth
the hall whoe.ei runs must be
picked b. the party leaders.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1943-09-04
rs A DEMOCRAT

Powell was elected to the city
council with the labels of the
Republican, Fusion and American
Labor parties. He is a registered
Democrat. For the past year he
has been going along with the
Democrats in the council. This
fact plus other things, have made
them mere favorably disposed to
him. They recognized, of course,
that he is definite vote-getter
On the other hand, Powell has
made a few commitments here and
there and has made statements
which reed a very heavy iron to
smoother. One in particular is his
recent comment in his column,
1.-THE Soaphox,' that he does not
need the help Of district leaders.
Harlem has been red:strictcd 50
that it is guaranteed a Negro con-
gresham, but election on the basis
of the new lines does not come
until 1914. The race this fall viii
De on the old lines. which brings
in a large section Of whites. More
important, the Negro Democratic
element in the district is con-
trolled by Herbert L. Bruce. whose
defeat Powell vainly sought In the
August primaries.
MUST COURT BRUCE
Unless Bruce can be persuaded
to back Powell sincerely, the pas
tors chances for election become
Simmer. Certain Tannmany hall
leaders are trying to adjust this
matter for Powell. But even here
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1943-09-04

MACON, Ga. - F'unerai services
for Arthur Wilcox were held Tues
day from the chapel of Hutchings'
Funeral Home. Interment in family
lot at Kitchens cemetery. Mir VIII
cox is survived by his widow, two
children, thre step-children and
four sisters.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1943-09-04
Louisiana Gets
Negro Engineer

SCOTTLANDALE, La. - CAMP
DR.. Walter T. Daniels, director of
the mechanic arts division at
Southern University here has just
been notified by the Louisiana State
Board of Engineering Examiners of
his approval as a civil engineer.
Believed to be the first Negro to
Telegraf. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1909-1951, 1943-06-25
XII.

Kdyz postal rano ma balko-
ne hotelu, odkud obdivovali Sc
panoramatu sumavskych hor a
eisensteinskeho ddol1 S misty
zasnezenymi, jinde zas Sc sve-
Ii zelen1 ras1ciho jara S pickle
nut1m blede modre oblohy, pc
n1z S majestatn1 vaznost1 pluly
blede, "a mimi stemnujfc1 a Cd
stlnove mracky a mraky, vysli
ma prvnf vychazku do sumav-
skych hvozd1, V dobe, kdy jaro
prej1malo vladu pc velebne E.
fektn1 ZINE.
Pred hotelem Sc radili, IDA
j1ti do 1dol1, 81 do hor. Bylo
chladno, teplomer ukazoval ne
jaky stupen pod nulou a ostry
v1tr prohybal male stromky v
parc1ku a op1ral Sc O mohutne
smrky pc prave strane budovy.
"Znas Greinerovu chalupu?"
otaZal Sc Lichar.
"Kde je?"
ga Panc1fem V hezkem t.
doll" a ukazoval smerem k nj.
(Pokracovanf.)
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-25
Plane Engine Expert
Wants 10 Transfer

War Problem Clinic:
l have tried 10 get an answer
10 my problem in every army
Office in Detroit
For the past two years, I have
been living here with my family
while working in a large aircraft
engine plant. My work has con-
sisted Of instructing others how TO
build one of the largest aircraft
engines. I also assisted in setting
up the plant to build these engines.
! have been in aircraft work
since 1895. having worked before
at the Pratt & Whitney plant in
Hartford. Conn.
My job Of helping set up the
plant here is completed, and l now
have the job of repairing these
engines when trouble develops. l
am claSsed as a chief mechanic
What l would like to do now is
assist in setting up a large over
haul depot which is being built in
Miami. Fla They want a good
man TO show them the complete
engine assembly of at least three
types of aircraft engines.
This is right in my line and l
feel that / would be of more value
10 my country in this position than
where i am. / have seen so MANY
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-25

TO suffering mankind. Now those
same health-giving natural juices
IL of them in all-are combined In
one marvellous medicine, Giljanl
This natural" medicine usually
acts within 10 minutes 10 stop gas
pains. sourness, bloat, and belch-
ing. II tends TO make your liver
more active and clear away old
bile from the system. II also helps
TO activate sluggish kidneys, and
aids in relieving backache, rising
at night, and agonizing muscular
pains.
Taken shortly before meals, Gill
jan mixes with the food AT ONCE,
helping to eliminate poisons which
foster host OF ailments. Gillian
will assist in bringing out gases
and impurities (often with the
very first dose) which may have
been inside you long time. caus-
ing dreary days of misery and
headaches, dizzy spells, and that
tired, dragged OUT feeling. 1t will
aid greatly in cleansing your bow
els tgradually-not harshly or Sc
verely) as they were n Z V K r
CLEANSED BEFORE.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-25
Times War Problem Clinic:
Should Mother Tell Fighter of Brothers Death?

How TO break the news of a
tragedy at home to a man in
service is a problem often faced
these days by grief-stricken moth
ers or wives who wish TO impart
information 10 their loved ones
abroad but do not wish to cause
him needless worry.
Often il is necessary TO write 10
a husband, father or son overseas
or away at training camp and
convey messages OF sorrow and
heaftbreak. Yet most correspond
ents realize all letters 10 service
men should be as cheerful as
possible.
How TO best write such letters
is explained today in the WAR
PROBLEM CLINIC column by
the Rev. Joseph A. Foley. S. j.,
student counselor Of the Univer-
sity of Detroit. and one of the II
prominent members OF the Times
clinic.
Here is a letter from a mother
worried with such a problem, and
Father Foley's kindly and under
standing answer.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-25
Brothers In Service,
Family Income Down

War Problem Clinic:
have three brothers in the
service of our country. When they
Joined the armed forces they took
away with them rs per cent of the
family income on which my
mother ran the house. =. ] am l.
years old and in the ga grade a
High School. Can yol
tell me where l can get an appli
cation to get into the Henry Fore
Trade School? j. S.
Dear j. S.:
You are 10 be congratulated
on your willingness to help
mother carry the burden of
meeting the expenses OF the
house. Your brothers I'm the
armed forces will be proud of
you.
Regarding your education, you
must remember that the deci--
siOns you make now will In
huence your whole life. Hence,
IL II important to study your
self and find out whether you
are qualified for this type of
technical work. II you hope 20
master q trade, such as that OF
craftsman or electrician, you
must be prepared 10 work hard
to attain that goal.
Entrance to the Henry Ford
Trade School will depend In
large part on the academic
progress you have made up TO
this time. To obtain an appli-
cation blank, write TO the Henry
Ford Trade School, Dearborn,
Mich.
You must give the school
authorities all the information
necessary for them to Judge
your entrance qualifications.
Send them your report card or
cards for the ninth grade, tell
them why you are making ap.
plication, what you hope the
school will do for you.
BE sure that your letter Is
clear. neatly written, without
spelling mistakes, and properly
addressed. wish you success
In your efforts.
REV. JOSEPH A. FOLEY,
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-25

OF the army boys who would like
TO know more about how TO build
aircraft engines and they are given
so little time 10 learn about them
/ feel / could teach them more
in a short time.
l am 35 years old and can give
the best of references. / have
spent my spare time writing q
book on the assembly Of the air
craft engine the practical way.
J. p.
Dear j. r.:
The war manpower order
freezing men In their jobs was
for the purpose of preventing
unnecessary movement OF men
even of specialization one
Job TO another, from one section
Of the country 20 another.
III the company building the
Miami plant Is in serious need of
your services, IL can possibly
make an arrangement to obtain
them. Otherwise, you seem to
have a responsible job here that
gives you real opportunity to
contribute to the war effort.
In view of the specialized
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-25

|. discusses neWS-Dredklng ..
other things the average young
fellow does, and my heart has
never bothered me.
II there is any way AZ all l car
get in the service Of my country
please let me know about II.
B. p.
Dear u. p;
A rejection by sn induction
center because of q disability.
and Reconsideration. IL usually
final, but the inductee has the
opportunity Of having the de-
feet corrected, II possible, and
then returning to his draft
board with proper medical evil
dence-such as physicians
statement--t0 the effect the dis
ability has been corrected and
asking that the status be
changed.
The suggestion Is made that
You consult your family physi-
clan. bearing In mind, however,
that with some conditions there
can be a difference OF opinion
among physicians and, after all.
the decision OF the induction
center governs.
The American Legion has
assisted young men in getting
into the service by arranging
for the correction of certain de-
fects by capable physicians and
dentists Your family physician
can advise whether your dis
ability can be corrected.
WALTER III. r.. SCOTT, vice
commander, Detroit Districts
Association, American Legion.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-25
Asks 10 Correct Defect
And Join Army

War Problem Clinic:
| was examined al the induction
station Dec. !. 1912, and was told
at that time I had a heart muir.
nur. Three months previous TO
that ] had tried 10 enlist in the
navy and | passed the physical
examination.
Now. if ! have a heart murmur.
how is 1t the navy would have
taken me and the army won't +?
Personally, l don't think / have
this condition because il took five
army doctors 10 examine me be-
fore they decided to put me
in AZ.
Ever since I was old enough 10
know what a plane was / have
hoped that some day | would be
able 10 fly in the Army Air Forces.
To this day that is what / want
more than anything. / have played
baseball and football and done the
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-25
How to Submit
Your Problems
To Clinic Experts

Here is how TO use the
WAR PROBLEM CLINIC:
Write your problem 10
WAR PROBLEM CLINIC,
care OF The Detroit Times,
Times Square at Cass ave-
nue., Detroit, Mich.
Do NOT write directly 10
members of the clinic.
You must sign your name
and give your address, al
though no names will be pub
lished and the information
you seek will be held in the
strictest confidence. There
will be no charge for the
service.
Your problem will be re-
ferred TO the expert most
familiar with situations such
as yours and best able TO
advise you. Do not hesitate
10 write frankly and fully,
for a helpful answer may
depend on this.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-25

service. They should avoid
worrying them about the prob
lens mt home, whenever this Is
possible.
However. there are times
when information should be sent
them, where some event or
tragedy has taken place In the
family. As long as your son
knew that his favorite brother
WAS unwell, II IL only natural
that ne woulc wish TO have
further information about the
lad.
1 am sure you can write him
the kind Of letter that VIII not
only give him the information
about the loss Of your son, but
also that you have accepted
the great sorrow with resigna-
ton. Tell him about those last
anxious hours and the kindness
Of relatives and friends In your
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-25
"My Food Would Not Digest"

II suffered for years with an
acid condition. My food would not
digest. Even hours after eating I'd
feel heavy and stuffy. My bowels
were sometimes irregular. and I'd
often get bilious headaches. l tried
all kinds Of medicine, but they
gave me no relief. Then / decided
to try Gillian, and / can truthfully
say It has helped me. / notice a
big improvement. The hloating and
Indigestion are greatly relieved
Ny bowels are in better condition.
/ eat better, sleep better, and have
more energy. Gillian has helped my
nerves, too"
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-25
80 Boys, 1918, d
As 0CD Messengers

Sixty boys between II and IS
have been certified as messengers
for the Office Of Civilian Defense,
il was announced today.
Amos r. Shields, chief meSSen-
ger, said that $3.50 boys are being
trained with 2,92S more in reserve.
Boys wishing TO serve should apply
at 2631 Woodward avenue or phone
Cadillac 578l.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-25
The Authorities
Who'll Answer
Your Questions

Authorities on social. eco
monte and legal problems
make up the Times clinic:
DO NOT write directly to
members Of this panel; send
your letters TO the Times. -
JUDGE JAMES r. CHE
NOT Of Wayne County Cir
cult Court.
EDW ARD POKORNY,
Wayne County Friend of the
Court.
THE REV. JOSEPH A.
FOLEY, s. j., student coun-
selor at the University of
Detroit.
FRED VI. BUTZEL. promi-
nent Detroit attorney and
civic leader, and member of
the board OF directors, De-
troit Chapter, American Red
Cross.
DIR. ROBERT G. FOSTER,
In charge of the family coun-
selling service. Palmer
School.
DIR. ALFRED McCLUNG
LEE, head OF the sociology
department, Wayne Univer-
sity.
MRS. FRANCES SAN
DERSON, head of the home
econO mics department,
Wayne University.
MISS ELVA NJ. FORM
CROOK, executive secretary
of the Consultation Bureau
of Detroit.
JOHN II. WATKIN
prominent Detroit lawyer
and former United States dis
trict attorney.
MRS. IRENE r. MUIR
PLY, family and child well
fare secretary of the
Council OF Social Agencies.
MISS MARY NJ. O'NEILL,
assistant director Of United
Service Organizations for
metropolitan Detroit.
WALTER III. T.. SCOTT.
vice commander Of the De-
trOit District Association,
American Legion.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-25
8 Ask Jury Trial
In Gambling Case

Eight Of the 10 defendants in the
Dearborn gambling conspiracy
case today had waived a jury trial
before Circuit Judge Merriam
John Bitonti and Charles Mura-
dian are the only defendants de-
handing jury trials.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-25

nature OF the book you have
written, 1 would suggest you
discuss II with your employer
for possible use as a manual for
the training Of airplane me-
chanicS.
DIR. ALFRED McCLUNG LEE,
head of the sociology depart
ment, Wayne University.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-25

War Workers MUST be on the
fob every possible minute. That's
why the statement OF this Detroit
War Worker. Mr., Ed Faraoni, tell
ing how Gillian brought him won
derful relief after many years OF
misery, is particularly interesting
and timely. And-like hundreds OF
fimilar reports from grateful Gill
dan users Mr. Faraoni's state
ment Is rich with hope for every
suffering man and woman. He
saws:
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-25
h()R Rib
INDIGESTION & BILIOUS
HEADACHES T0RMENTED
HIM, SAYS WAR WORKER

Mr.. Ed. Faraoni, of 1922
Orleans, Detroit, Mich,
States He Suffered For
Years With Acid Stomach
and Constipation - Tried
All Kinds Of Medicine, But
Only Gillian Brought Re-
lief, He Says.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-25

time OF triAl. He will want 10
hear from you, l am sure.
REV. JOSEPH A. FOLEY, 3. j.,
Student Counselor, University
Of Detroit.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-25
Murphy Back in Washington

WASHINGTON, Feb. IS CUP).
Supreme Court Justice Murphy
returned today after flying TO the
West Coast. where he visited his
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-25
Gillian Is A Scientific
Compound OF Natures Herbs

For centuries. juices from GER
tain Of Natures herbs. roots, and
banks. have brought blessed relief
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-25
brother. George. who was injured
in an accident.

The Detroit Times has far more
nationally famous features than
any other Detroit newspaper.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-25
Lose l4.YeaF.0ld,
yank Doesn't Know II

War Problem Clinic:
We have lost a little 14-yeAr-
old son whose big brother is with
the paratroops in Africa. Please
tell me what is the best thing 10
do in regard TO letting my son
know Of this
The little boy who died was a
fsvorite of my son in the army,
who Will be heartbroken when he
gets this news Yet if / don't
notify him / know he will blame
me have already informed him
of the serious illness Of his
younger brother. What is the
)best thing for me 10 do nova
MRS. s. 3.
Dear Mrs & r..