davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-11-14
A Penny Grows In China.
CONTINUED From Page CID

mist working now IN New York, says
Poland spent some money and . great
deal Of effort advertising their timed
hams here. They had = brisk trade.
Then the American hog raising States
protested to Congress. Congress raised
the tariff on hams. The Polish hams
disappeared from our markets. And
Poland lost part of the income with
which she wanted to buy autos and ma
chinery in the United States. De Ropp
says Poland much preferred to make
such purchases here, although Poland
could also buy such merchandise from
England and Germany.
What do We do the next time? We
won't want to sell our hog raisers down
the river. But shouldn't We also worry
about the income our factories get from
abroad?
In Wall street, two economists, who
certainly didn't want to be quoted on this
opinion, said, 'The next time we should
let the lowest price win. Let our hog
raisers meet that Polish price. Let our
cattlemen meet the Argentine beef
prices. It may mean shift of American
workers from farm to factory, of course"
The shadow that hangs over all post
war talks Is the question, What does
Russia want? How much, if any, of
Poland? How are we to talk with the
Chinese If we agree to Russias absorbing
the Baltic States? How could we prevent
her?"
Russia was no help on that before the
Moscow conference. She announced she
would engage in no such discussions.
The question Of raw materials, after
the war. is getting much attention. Mr..
Skea Of Birmingham reported after his
world trip that he'd found many talking
OF world planning board which would
determine where raw materials are to
be produced, the quantity, the markets
to be supplied and the price to be paid"
He went on to say 1t was hoped that the
board would deal with manufactured
products in the same way.
His discussions outlined these possibil-
tiles: Australia and Russia to supply
Europe with wheat, Canada and the
United States supplying the Western
Hemisphere. America might supply the
Western Hemisphere and Western
Europe with oil, and the Middle East
cater to Eastern Europe, the Pacific and
Africa.
Following those lines through for
manufactured goods, could that mean
the United States would be asked to stay
out Of China with road machinery trac-
tors, turbines, cotton? What about
selling electric motors to Australia, or
radios?
Eric Johnston says, apropos Of such
plans:
England is tired. She had four years
Of war. look for q change when her
younger men get home.
"The idea would be most disastrous to
England herself. Suppose she fixed q
price in certain area. Local producers
always work up under fixed prices, and
when they do, the local country raises
. tariff. Such market would be COM
pletely lost to England as . result"
Johnston, himself, is completely
against such trade agreements. He
thinks the majority Of American busi-
nessmen are.
Evening star., 1943-11-14
Russian Front

Moving rapidly forward from Kiev,
Red Army units have struck deeply into
German lines creating pocket which
has reached Zhitomir, an important rail
center. Capture Of this important point
now opens the way for turning move
ment which could easily pin large groups
of German troops back against the
Pripet marshes.
At the moment two spearheads are
striking, one about 36 miles east and
another about SO miles southeast of
Zhitomir.
The Russian strategy is slowly un-
folding and apparently is aimed at divid-
ing the enemy and attempting by a
series of turning movements to close
great sacks around them.
Already the Crimea is completely cut
of with the only German escape by sea
and this operation has already been
costly. as the Russians have struck at
the Nazis' ships seeking to emulate the
British at Dunkirk.
Since last Saturday, the Russians
have moved about 60 miles beyond Kiev
and have widened the gap driven into
the German lines. About 140 miles
north of Kiev the Russians are pushing
forward toward Gomel which is still In
German hands.
Thousands Of Germans have been
killed along the battle front, which is
flaming with action over almost its en-
tire length from the Leningrad area
to the Black Sea. The Germans admit
that their troops are falling back
against superior Russian forces which,
the Germans declare bitterly, are at
tempting to force a turning point in the
war, point the Nazis are slow to admit
already has hAeY1 y,o cad
Evening star., 1943-11-14
Complex Problems Are Studied

Then there Is the first agreement con.
Cured in by the United States, England
and most Of the Allied and associated
nations: The Atlantic Charter.
1t is being conjectured about, again
by men who, at this point, don't want
to be quoted.
Take the Atlantic Charters words:
They the United States and the United
Kingdom) will endeavor, with due re-
spect for their existing obligations, to
further the enjoyment by all states,
great or small, victor or vanquished, Of
access, on equal terms, to the trade and
raw materials of the world.
What are their existing obligations?
They must be, first. to maintain the
standard Of living Of their own people.
To take one example, of collision be.
tween this obligation and the thesis Of
freer world trade.
Would Come Here for Loans.
Suppose we run into Australian steel
taking over some of our Far Eastern
customers. And then, because of good
business, Australia needs q foreign loan
to expand her plants. Or suppose India
actually decided to manufacture tin and
textile products for the Far East? And
also wanted loan to get started.
They'd probably 60 to the United
Nations world bank, which is now being
discussed-if, of course, the nesotia-
tions go through.
The bank board would have to okay
the loan. The American and English
members certainly would be reniss If
they failed Of alarm over such loans,
such threatened loss to their home
factories, and hence, such a threat to
the home standard Of living.
What could they do? There has
never been a board Of directors yet
where Joe didn't button-hole AL when
he particularly wanted to gain or Kill
q vote. Couldn't that happen In this
case?
And yet on both sides Of the Attain
tic, leaders are pressing for solution to
short-sighted selfishness in favor Of
long term gains.
TO0 AIoCdAlSC, 0uIlIlcT WcueS, WlUlS
still in the State Department, and
therefore talking for the administra-
ton, said:
Mankind has at long last taught
itself enough of the means and tech
niques Of production of transport, and
Of scientific agriculture so it is tech
nicaily possible to produce and distrib-
ute the basic physical necessities
all the worlds people. What remains,
and it Is formidable task, is 50 to
remake our relations with each other,
that the great productive forces may
function freely for the benefit Of ALL"
In England, Foreign Secretary An-
thony Eden has said it in other words:
1T would be foolish to suppose, that,
after this war. some few. favored ma
tons can inclose themselves within q
charmed circle and go forward alone.
The whole world is awake without dis
tinction Of race, color or creed.
Industry has reached q stage In
which there Is no necessity for any
one to 60 short Of food, or to lack
means to build q better life. The prob.
lem Is to organize full production and
m equitable distribution for all.
ITO win the peace viii b rs hard
. task as to win the war"
Evening star., 1943-11-14
Continued From Page C-l)

standards an American stenographer is
paid small fortune.
Execution of the plan to cut across the
old rubber-gathering system was left
to the businessmen who had originally
headed up Rubber Development-Doug-
las Allen, who has business interests
in half dozen companies in South
America; Chambers and others. Quite
understandably such men might have
had doubts as to the efficacy Of pro-
gram to shatter the established order in
a part Of the world that is essentially
conservative. Allen now puts the blame
for the rubber failure on Henry WAL
lace. Milo Perkins and the others who
directed the old BEW.
Speaking to group of merchants and
businessmen in Manaus during the
course OF our tour, Allen said that the
intention now was to rely fully on the
merchant system. He implied that old
errors were being nquidated. Neverthe-
less the fact remains that he stayed In
ONCE while the new policy. was being
carried out and it is dificult to see how
he can escape all responsibility for it.
It Is too easy to make whipping boy Of
the Wallace-Perkins- BEW combination.
Here another significant question
arises. What type of men are most
fitted to carry out Government project
such as that started by RDC? If they
are men with existing business connec-
tions. then they lay themselves open to
the charge that they are furthering
their own interests. Such a charge was
raised against Allen. He replied that
he was sacrificing $4,000 a year from
his companies to work for the Govern
ment. II men without previous business
connections in South America are
chosen, then they will in all probability
lack the required knowledge and ex-
perience.
Brazilian Side Given.
The same question arises on the Bra
lillian side. Valentim Boucas, executive
director of Brazils Commission for Con-
troll Of the Washington Accords, under
which Rubber Development and other
United States agencies collaborate with
their opposite Brazilian numbers, is also
one of Rio de Janeiro's foremost busi-
nessmen. He represents International
Business Machines and is the moving
force In Goodyear of Brazil. DR.. Ca
margo charges that Boucas is interested
in keeping the price of rubber down so
Evening star., 1943-11-14

early in the week when several hundred
troops were landed on the island above
the American position in an effort to
apply squeeze to the Marines bridge
head in Empress Augusta Bay area.
However, the next day came word that
powerful forces of American Army
troops landed to reinforce the Marines,
the landings being made from trans
ports which were protected by q naval
task force.
The japanese landing forces were at
tackled by dive bombers as soon as their
presence was known and many of their
barges were declared to have been
struck. A Japanese dive-bomber attack
on Empress Augusta Bay was broken up.
During the week American planes
struck heavily at the Jap airfields on
Bougainville. It was announced that the
troops in the diversion landing on
Choiseul had been withdrawn.
The Japs have turned up with q new
weapon, PHOSPHORUS bomb which
bursts in the air and then spreads out
like the tenacles of an octopus Despite
this antiaircraft defense, American
planes made their way to Rabaul early
in the week to destroy 63 enemy planes
either in the air or on the ground. On
Armistice Day St more Jap planes were
added to the list Of those destroyed, the
new total covering operations from New
Guinea to Bougainville.
Three separate waves Of Jap planes
which attempted to attack a carrier
operating with a task force against
Rabaul were driven of and many planes
were shot from the skies either by anti
aircraft fire from the carrier or by it's
fighter squadrons which were in the
air as cover.
Gen. Chennault's Sky Dragons which
are operating with the Chinese in
Burma struck at the treaty port Of
Annoy on Monday. sinking one Jap de-
stroyer> and four other vessels. An
enemy airdrome on Hainan Island also
was blasted. Annoy is about opposite
the middle Of the japanese Island of
Formosa.
Chinese troops standing between the
Japs and the capital at Chungking after
giving some ground early tn the week
stidened their resistance and are now
holding some $4,000 Of the enemy At bay.
Evening star., 1943-11-14
European Front

Aerial activity was relatively light last
week, the most important raids being
from England against the routes lead
ing into Italy. The northern terminus
of the Mount Gents Alpine Railway
Tunnel was blasted Wednesday night,
nipping German effort to repair and
reopen the tunnel which had been dam
aged badly in September.
On Wednesday night, also, the Nal
airf1eld at Chievres near Brussels was
well-pounded target.
The rail centers at Cannes, Berlin,
Hanover, the Ruhr and many landing
strips and air fields in France and Bel
gium were blasted during the week.
Evening star., 1943-11-14
Pacific Front

The past week saw the American
forces on Bougainville Island strengthen
their position while at the same time
Gripping blows were struck at the Japs
who were preparing to attempt to dis
lodge them.
The Japs started the new activity
Evening star., 1943-11-14

That dream Of postwar sky full Of
giant planes and helicopter taxis, high
ways pulsing with millions OF new au-
tomobiles and "button-regulated homes
heated and conditioned" by oil may. after
al, be just another Jules Verne vision,
for the country has been losing q race
to find new sources to meet increasing
oil consumption.
It has brought on q crisis IN oil,
writes Arthur w. Baum, in the forth
coming Saturday Evening Post Last
year only one-1ifth Of every barrel used
was replaced by oil found in new fields,
he points out.
And good many biologists are con-
vinced that never again in this country
will oil be discovered in as great abund-
ance and as cheaply as 1t was In the
lavish 20s and 30s," Baum warns.
There are known reserves Of 20,000,-
100000 barrels Of oil In the ground, but
1t would take SO years to get them out.
The Nation is now consuming imme-
diately every barrel that comes out OF
the ground and the wells are giving
about all they can. Some geologists say
exploration has made q circle and Is
back to the hit-or- miss stage.
I'VE need more wildcatters." Baum
says, both the dream-book drillers and
the kind who work out reasonable
geological prospects. 1t would be un-
wise indeed to bank on the laboratory
alone to resolve our dilemma"
Another View.
There's not only gold, but there's oil
In the Pacific Northwest-a new empire
backed by practical planning and inter-
national good will. Lawrence Drake,
writing In Golfers. says most Of the Is
strategic minerals in which the Nation
Is deficient are found in this region and
it is reasonable to believe it has "ex-
tensive oil reserves"
Oh is being produced, he says, in small
amounts In the Katalla district Of
Alaska and further deposits have been
located on the Alaska Peninsula, near
Jute Bay, and in the Cape Simpson area
In Northwestern Alaska. Prospects have
been found in the Peace River Valley of
The Mackenzie District, have already
proved successful. Drake reports.
The Pacific Northwest, extending to
the Bering Strait he says, can support
at least 1o.000, 900 more people and may
be "the solution to Americas No. post
war problem-jobs for returning soldiers
and for millions of the civilian army
that will be demobilized when peace
shuts down the factories Of war;"
A Penny Grows In China.
A profit of $450, 900 q month from the
sale Of cheap, essential product, net
ting only penny on each item and
with only one person In 10 buying the
product, will be possible in the postwar
world-in China.
Such are the potentiahties in the
Orient, according to H. s. Kahn, in .
survey Of new business frontiers reported
In Forbes Magazine. The needs >, of
$50, 200. 900 customers IN China win cover
"eyerytffin9 from can-onenerx tn Inn
Evening star., 1943-11-14
Allies Report Progress All Fronts Amid Warnings Against Overoptmsn
AS the Magazines See Things
By Richard Tombkjns,
Associated Press stan writer.

motives" Kahn says, and not the least
OF these customers will be Chinese busi-
nessmen who are now planning to take.
over some Of Japan's Asiatic markets
for cheap merchandise.
There will be other opportunities, IN
helping China develop modern trans
portation system, industries, agriculture;
and education, not to mention oppor-
tunities for capital investments.
The advice to businessmen Is to get III
on the ground floor OF what is certain
to be one Of the biggest Industrial
growths in the history Of the world"
And, Kahn adds, Americans, according.
TO Chinese ofncials, will definitely b.,
permitted to own and operate businesses
in postwar China"
Tell 1t to the Marines.
The Argonaut surveys the riot Of jap.
anese at Tulelake and asks why vs
should "coddle" disloyal enemy internees,S
II, as Mr.. Roosevelt has said, this war
must be waged on the home front a.
well as the battlefelds of the world" .
On the day of the strike against
harvest work, the Japs had q luncheon
that included green vegetables. delicious
ribs OF beef" salad, coffee and plenty
OF sugar and butter, "and there seemed
to be no shortage of second helpings." ;
II the situation were reversed, the
magazine contends, the Japs would
slaughter every American who disobeyed
the slightest order.
What we should do is to move in a
company of grizzled marines, who have
been through the he'll Of the South
Pacific, the Argonaut says "and it
wouldn't require an entire company - =
just squad and those squint-eyeg
would be busy with the harvest, or dead
men, in about S minutes hat!"
Overlords.
With the United Nations on the
initiative. Japan knows the preservation
OF her transient colonial empire de-
pends on good will" so flattery has re-
placed intimidation, Heinz H. F. Eulau.
until recently propaganda analyst for
the Department Of Justice, reports.
Writing in the New Republic, this OBJ
server cites the independence" Toxic
recently granted to the Philippines and
to Burma and the efforts to hasten
"self-government" in Malaga and the
East Indies. In Manila, the upper
classes have been brought together in .
society of Filipinos who have visited
Japan. and bridging society" in Toxic
aims to cement Philippine e-Japanese re-
lations.
But there Is economic distress In
Japans colonies" Sugar, tobacco, rice
and rubber have no markets and there
Is popular resentment-a receptive mood
Tor Allied propaganda which, however.
must ofIer more than western i'm.
perialism, Eulau contends.
Otherwise. it is unlikely that the
colonial peoples will rise against thu
Japanese" he believes. "They are Ger.
tainly unwilling to spill their blood
merely to exchange one overload for =
number of others
Evening star., 1943-11-14
A Voice From
The Country
Continued From Page C-l.'

John L. Lewis and his mine workers
discovered they weren't getting any
thing for their investment, the tight
began.
In the meanwhile, the political pic
ture changed. It is years later some
where in Washington. The President
has long since forgotten that he ever
knew John L. Lewis, or wishes he
could forget it. The new characters
on the stage are the big businessmen.
They are everywhere In the Govern
ment. The Big Boss is calling them
Uneven the president of the United
States Chamber of Commerce-to act
as his advisers"
To be sure, they probably won't rs-
place Harry Hopkins, or Felix Frank
furter and Sam Rossnman and Ben
Cohen, but there they are. And IS
for the coal situation" as 1t Is called,
It's still threateningly with us. Along
the way are series Of weathered,
dilapidated side shows-the Depart
ment Of Labor, Mr.. Ickes' special fire.
eating act. mine seizure by the Gov
ernment, q colple Of War Labor
Boards and All kinds of committees.
The trunpets are about to blow again.
but there's not much Of a crowd watt
ing outside. They've seen all the
ducking, dodging. juggling acts be-
fore and can guess how it all ends up.
Farmers Aren't Fooled.
Not very far away from the mine
workers greatest side show OF earth
is another labeled biggest food show
on earth" And outside that tent
there isn't anybody at all. Recently
the Big Boss sent out emissaries
headed by the assistant boss himself,
to drum up trade among the "hick''
farmers who used to be the best Gus
toners. But the emissaries didn't
get very far. They couldn't find any
farmer who hadn't seen the juggling
act before. many times. The farmer
knew what the inside Of the tent
looked like-a lot Of bureaucrats all
throwing plates in the air and all
trying to grab each others plates.
Trade is falling OF in the labor
tent, too. The public used to rush
In to see the greatest show on earth.
Now they're just standing ustlessly
in the doorway waiting to see whether
the proprietor can pull new act out
of the hat On in the corner are
huddled a lot OF railroad workers
muttering among themselves because
they found the act wasn't as ad-
vertised, and from a distance q bunch
Of coal miners are appeased, but still
muttering.
In front of the shell-game pitch
there's nobody at all.
The show has been all the way
round the circle and now they're
beating the bass drum to get in the
big business trade. It seems the pro-
prietor and his advisers are thinking
OF going into the main top, big show
business with = lot of new inter-
national acts, but some people say
he's going to find a lot of hot English
and Russian competition and that he
won't be able to raise the capital
until he's paid of some Of the past
Indebtedness.
Although business isn't 50 good.
the cashier and couple Of "secre-
taries" are still hanging around. They
haven't got much to do, but they
liked being called secretary" rather
than just "stenographer."
Well. that's how Bill had 1t sized
up, but maybe he's wrong. He did
remark that when q couple Of shrewd
fellows called Farley and Howe were
around business was . lot better.
Relsassd BY the Bell Syndicate, Ine.)
Evening star., 1943-11-14

chantmen following Italy's surrender,
complete checkup indicates. w.
During the week, also, it was an
nounced that German weather and
radio base OF Greenland has been de-
stroyed, the Coast Guard cutters North
Star and Northland accomplishing the
mission.
Evening star., 1943-11-14
Americas S 101st Week Of War
2l9th Week of World War II
By Hoyard P. Bailey

By HOWard p. Bailey
heavily against the Axis m all fronts
last week. though there weeks
which preceded it
On the Russian front falling more and more rap
Idly until times the
hight with equipment and food
70 the rear Since the launching
The Daily Alaska empire., 1943-08-16
kARACHEv CAPTURED
 BY DRIVE
Four Russian Divisions in Possession of Nazi
 Bastion

MOSCOW, Aug. Is. - Four Red Army divisions pushed ahead and have captured the German bastion of Karachev on the 26-mile road to Bryansk after severing the last main line of escape of the Nazi troops trapped in the Orel salient.
 Pravda says the Soviet forces are cutting through the dense for ests seeking to prevent the Ger mans organizing adequate defense lines on the Desna River.
 Karachev fell, Pravda says, after the four divisions stormed the strong Nazi Qualifications and hills commanding the approaches to the city, then pursued the fleeing Nazis through the streets of the burning town.
 The capture of the city was the result of a Russian lightning drive westward.
 Tass reports the battle for Kllar- kov has reached the climax as the Germans are throwing troops into the battle as soon as they reacn the front. Resistance is increasing.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1943-08-16
ROOSEVELT,
 CHURCHILL
 HAVE TALK
Two Confer df Hyde Park for Three Days, Says
 White House

WASHINGTON, Aug i6. The President has returned to Wash ington after three days of confer ences with British Prime Minister Winston Churchill at Hyde Park, N. Y.
 The White House gave out nc further details of the Presidents trip beyond that statement.
 Roosevelt will join the. war con- ferences at "Quebec' this week, the White House statement also disclosed.
 Churchill has returned to Que bee where the joint Chiefs of Staffs have been meeting for sev- eral days.
 The Presidents scheduled con- ferences today were with Secretary of State Cordell Hull. Postmaster General Walker and Secretary of the Navy Knox