davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Detroit evening times., 1943-05-26

THE consultation and decision upon affairs
of highest interest which have brought
Mr. Churchill and Mr.. Roosevelt together for
the fifth time have not been officially stated,
though the public should shortly be advised as
fully as military interests permit.
Nothing has been said by Washington,
but the best advice as to the objectives of this
conference comes from London, which states
them to be a determining of the points of
invasion against the Axis strength the
continent of Europe the distribution of forces
to these several tasks or missions and the
assignment of the command function TO each
one of them.
II is also highly important that the num-
Der Of these attacks, whether they are feints
or al-out efforts, have the participation of the
Red armies of Russia so that there will be
uninterrupted and unyielding pressure upon
the German war machine in Eastern Europe
as well.
It is to be supposed, also that the Far
Eastern situation will be reviewed again in the
light of the growing .threat that Japan is on
the point of new offensive and further con-
The peril to these countries, which arc
jor factors in the British commonwealth,
may influence notifications in the commit
ments given by Mr.. Roosevelt to Mr.. Churchill
in their earlier conferences.
IN VIEW Of the Presidents recent pro-
i nouncements that American air production
II
this year to an almost incredible tonnage. it
would seem that at last we are in a position
10 reinforce China, Australia and our own
operations from Hawaii and through the
Aleutian Islands, to the point where an
offensve-defense can be. achieved against
Japan. and no further losses occur through
a passive and ineffective resistance To the
blows that the military direction of japan will
undoubtedly hurl against US.
Again, decision 10 change in general
strategy is a responsibility which, under the
principles Of both the British and American
constitutions rests upon the heads of govern
mcnt. But there is a different way in which
this operates in the two countries. and the
difference is not in favor of the American
system.
Both British and American constitutional
practice 90 far in clothing the Chief Executive
in wartime with discretionary power. But
would say that the British system operates to
assure greater civilian cooperation does
better in keeping executive power under close
legislative inquiry and criticism, and secures
from the government franker and more ample
information of the war machinery and Of the
wars progress than does the American pat
tern of government.
The English representative system rests
upon the strength of the cabinet in which the
prime minister is merely chief among equal
ministers KING, ttrr operation of
question hour in the House Of Commons
when several times a week, if Parliament is IN
session, the ministers, including the prime
minister, make public reply to innumerabe
= L.. w
Detroit evening times., 1943-05-26


debate in Parliament, and especially the House
of Lords, upon the governments policies and
proposals.
IN OUR own government at the present
i time there is no evidence that the depart
ment secretaries, or the so-called cabinet"
is participating with the President in the gen.
eral strategy of the war.
There is under our system no practice
whereby members of Congress may address
official inquiry TO the President himself or to
the heads of the numerous agencies with
which the conduct Of the government and the
war is entrusted; and, as is well understood,
the tenure of the President his hold upon his
great office, is wholly independent of the
Congress while the prime minister and his
fellow ministers must at all times retain the
support Of the House of Commons.
Should they in single matter of legis-
lation or executive action, fail of this support,
they must retire The role Of the British
Parliament is no more that Of a legislative
body than it is Of a body of representatives
of the people deeply conscious of their rights
and independence for controlling the actions
Of government.
The American gove,nment. Of course, has
no such provision for assuring the cooper.
alton Of Congress and the President.
In what have said am not advocating
a change of the American system to conform
10 the British, which | have never advocated >
but without modification Of the separation oX
powers in our own Constitution, much could
be accomplished toward improving the work
ing practice Of these two departments of
government with respect TO each other.
And if the American public is kept less
fully Informed by its government Of what it
does and purposes 10 do and what have been
the outcomes OF its action, then public know-
edge is something that this country should
endcaVor 10 improve.
Detroit evening times., 1943-05-26
BY WESTBROOK PEGLER

DRESIDENT ROOSEVELTS s
Il unwlllngnCSS 10 sign a tax
blll embodylng the Ruml plan,
puts small minority Of Amcri-
cans IN "A very inferior position.
They are inferior 10 the rest of
the American people, and IN
fcrior to the peoples Of foreign
nations who have received gifts
OF billions of dollars out-of the
United States treasury with no
thought or prctcnSc that the
debts viii ever be paid
This group Is composed Of eN-
ccutiVcS, professional men whose
incomes are derived from fees.
artists and a few others of cN-
ccptional earning ability uncon-
nCCtcd with the war Most Of
them have reached and many of
them have passed the peak OF
their earning power and un-
like Mr.. Roosevelt and Henry
NorgCnthau, have no backlog ol
inherited wealth from which to
pay on two years incomes III
one. the whole amounting IN
some cases To more than 100
per cent of their earnings for
l942
They have been paying last
year income taxes out Of this
years earnings from the begin
nlng because Congress planned
il so IN 1913
THE President and Mr. Nor
Il gcnthau, with vast Inherited
wealth. can dig into their capl-
tai and make themselves cur
rent as the phrase goes, without
serious inconvenience. whereas
men and women who started
with nothing but unusual ability
and diligence. may be wiped out
as an economic class this year.
The administrations willing
moss 10 abandon entirely tho
debt owed bl vast numbers of
carncrS IN the lower brackets Is
not only a political appeal for
the gratitude OF this economic
Detroit evening times., 1943-05-26
TO THE EDITOR

| AN WN d private in this
army and ! gave zap n good
fob 20 fight for tins country. and
have been IN the army Tor five
months / cannot understand
Detroit evening times., 1943-05-26
=. IIEBERT VALDEZ,
3629 Woodward avenue.
EDIIOk NOI Hefe II
the first verse Of the Star
Spangled Banner:

on soH c01 gou sec, by the
ducD's coriy Ggh
u hat so propdIy wc hdiicd AZ
the trdighfs last gIcdm0g,
Whose brood stripes and bright
stars, thfo' the perjous fgbt
O',r the y0mpdrts trc ,rotchcd
tcerc SO gohputig streaming;
And the rockcts ycd glare, tho
boVlby BprsfWg ot oD.,
cure proof tiro' me Highi that
o1p flag ,ros stH there.
on say. docs the Stor NpaVglCd
BAJp.c StW Cdrc
O'cy ,tc iapd of the bec aid
the. hoge of NJ, brGec.
Detroit evening times., 1943-05-26
service will appreciate il if you
print what YOU have Just read.
An AMERICAN SOLDIER,
Camp Bradford, Va.
TO THE EDITOR:

TO THE EDITOR:
DLEASE print the words 10 the
L Star Spanglcd Banner and
urge every one 10 memorlLc
them, as ! have noticed many
people at different gatherings
unable 20 sing the words
Detroit evening times., 1943-05-26

NASHINGTON, May 70 The
W existence Of a popular fol-
lowing eagerly intent on elect
ing Wendell Willkie President
next year has been disclosed 10
me in reader mail reaction 10
my critical comments concern
ing his One World ideas.
II seems particularly strong
in New England. The cast IS
somewhat Young Republicans,
and considerably feminine.
The political basis upon which
il rests is interesting and sig
nificant OF our confused times.
i Is Republican, but it do
nounccS practically all the other
leaders Of tho Republican Party
with an enthusiasm matched
oUty by New Dealers IN de-
nouncing their adverSaricS.
II lS antl-Roo>cyct bat APP
parently cSpouSeS the Roosevelt
courses in general on the pr
mary international issues Of the
day. the issues which are likely
10 continue 10 be foremost on
the next election day.
ERON these anomalies. IL is
Il evident that u l> purely
personal movement WIllkc IS a
somewhat dramatic figure who
gets more attcntIon.ln 'he pres,
and elsewhere than any other
political figure except Nh
Roosevelt.
The idea behind it IS that
Nlllkle he pro-RooSoNolt ut.i-
nationally and anu-Roo~cNClt
domeStiCalll and thus scr oul
20 beat Roosevelt fOr TIC fourth
term
But the scope OF other Re-
pubuCan> whom they dcnouuCc
casts serious practical doubts
upon their ability 10 nominate
Willkie lu any truly Republican
gathering Tbcl are against
every one else except possibly
Harold StaSson OF Minnesota
and they are NOT so sure OF
~fa,spn since hI, critCa rctIcN
af zone World iH trC New
Detroit evening times., 1943-05-26
DETR0TTssHs TMES

Pubnshed every Week Dav Evrning ana
sunday Morning by The Times Publishing
Company at 1925 Times Square. Detroit.
Michigan
Entered al Detroit Mich. as Second Class
Mail Matter
TELEPHoNE--CHERRY $500
Subscription rates un advance) by man
70 any place m the United States Canada
or Mexico tOn Canadian suhscri ptions add
l0,s to cover war import taXD.
Detroit evening times., 1943-05-26
The World in ReUieW
The World in RcUieW
War Leaders in Conference F~a F%
By MAJ GEN DAVID PRESCOTT BARROWS

authority President of Unuersy
Detroit evening times., 1943-05-26

questions presented by members of the House
of Commons and by the superior quality d
debate in Parliament, and especially the House
of Lords, upon the governments policies and
proposals.
Evening star., 1943-08-18
The Great Game of Politics.

tic demand from organized labor
for the President to run again.
Given Radical Tinge.
This was felt particularly desir-
able because, so fer, the groups
which are openly insisting on
fourth term for Mr.. Roosevelt are
the CIO and the Communists. The
former, through Philip Murray.
rushed into the leadership position
a little too blatantly. And the en-
barrassment was not lessened by the
ofncisl, and slightly comic, Commu-
mist Endorsement OF Frank Hague.
of New Jersey, as a reward" for his
Roosevelt support.
When to these elements is added
tth American Labor party Of New
York. with its strong Communistic
favor, the setup assumed a radical
tinge which some thought not cal
culated to appeal to the great masses
Of the American people.
The wisdom OF bringing the
strongly anti Communist and gen.
orally conservative AFL into this
pre- convention combination was ap-
parent and the invitation to join in
a political action" committee
seemed sure way to do that.
Such committee, it was argued.
would speak for all labor, instead of
just faction. 1t would vaccinate
against the charge that the fourth
term demand came primarily from
the extreme radicals and would
again permit plausible use OF the
word draft"
Something Else to Break.
That is the way 1t was planned
and Mr.. Murray was the instrument
through whom it was to be put over.
AS the most obsequious and sub
selvient OF all the labor lobbyists
he seemed the proper White House
instrument and the invitation was 50
worded that there could be AFL
acceptance without seeming violation
OF It's traditions and with every
appearance of cooperation only on
broad, general political lines. once
politically hooked up with the CIO,
however, little trouble was expected
in making the lines specific.
But it has not worked out that
way. The AFL declines the invita-
ton and the groups calling for the
fourth term still remain the CIO.
the Communist organs and the
American Labor party.
No one realizes better than the
White House politicians that this
is not good combination to be con-
spicuously identified with the
draft" There is chagrin at the
refusal of the AFL to "join up,"
which is attributed to Republican in
f1uence within that organization.
Something else, 1t is urged, should
be tried. Something else will be.
and pretty soon.
Evening star., 1943-08-18
| Device Cans
| Bomber Crews
| Words in Battle
the Associated Press.

BY tne Associated PreSs.
AT A UNITED STATES BOMB
Err STATION SOMEWHERE IN
ENGLAND, Aug. ia former New
York radio engineer working with
new American magnetic record
ing device canned" the fight talk
Of a Flying Fortress attacking Nazi
airfields In France yesterday.
Maj. Howard L. Nussbaum, New
York City radio officer for this area
and former worker with the Ma
tional Broadcasting Co. in New
York, tested the new device devel-
oped by Armour Institute in Chicago
and now in production by General
Electric Co.
Through the use OF a magnetized
wire all the sounds OF battle and the
conversation of the crew inside the
Fortress were recorded and brought
back as an oral record of every de-
tail Of the Commute flight yester-
day morning.
Maj. Nussbaum thinks the de-
vice will be useful in intelligence
work.
Evening star., 1943-08-18

Russians. Mr.. Davies second
mission to Moscow seemed de-
voted to that purpose. When the
President announced in his press
conference that Mr.. Churchill
had arrived in Canada, he was
asked whether Premier Stain or
any Russian was arriving also.
The reports stated that the
President registered regret, as
he replied in the negative.
Reports from London and
Washington, obviously officially
inspired, were busy explaining
why Stain was unable to attend.
1t was suggested that, as Com
mander in chief during an ac-
tive offensive, he might not feel
free to leave Russia: and one
could only regret that these cri-
tical conferences always take
place during a Russian offensive.
Casablanca occurred during the
battle OF Stalingrad.
Could Have Sent Molotov.
But. If merely military con-
siderations were OBTAINING Stain,
he could have sent Foreign Min
lister Molotov. So, since no Rus
sian was to appear, it was further
explained that Stains relations
with Japan were such that it
would be indelicate for him to
attend conference on the Far
East.
In the midst of all this in
genious explaining, Stain issued
a fiat statement from Moscow
that he hadn't been invited So
what had appeared to be Rus
sian rebuke to the Anglo
American conference. was turned
into an Anglo-American rebuke
to Russia.
What is behind all this?
In spite Of the secrecy, and red
herrings, I think the situation is
fairly clear. For Russia is not
conducting secret diplomacy but
quite open diplomacy. We know
what the Russians want: A front
that will divert from 40 to go
divisions: an agreement about
strategical frontiers to follow
victory, and an understanding
regarding European postwar
policy, including Germany.
Agreement Held Lacking.
II we had an answer to these
three questions, there would be
sense in a three-power confer
ence. II we don't know the
answer, there is no sense. For
no one wants a conference that
might break up in disagreement.
And there might be yet an
other danger-Namely that one
party, Mr.. Roosevelt or Mr..
Churchill, might be nearer the
Russian viewpoint than the
Evening star., 1943-08-18

Ths"as \. Henry. "The performs
ance OF this German pilot, to me.
was one of the most beautiful sights
of the war" said Capt H. Paulk of
Willacoochie, Ga, commander of
the Spitfire squadron.
He said four Spitflres we're pa
trolling the sea of the cape when
they sighted eight Folke-Wulfs.
Sought to Avoid FLAX.
"We lit into them and followed
down through extremely heavy en-
emy flax" Capt. Paulk said. This
fellow didn't want to go through
fax and cut out in front OF us.
The rest were pretty we'll In the
clear. so we concentrated on this
single ship.
''It dove down until only a few
feet above the water. Capt. Royal
N. Baker of Mckinney. Tex, took
the first shot at him. That's when
he started to show what he could
do. He was one OF the best pilots
we ever ran up against anywhere.
He started doing snap rolls, flip
ping the plane on its bank. then
righting it again in a few seconds.
Then he'd pull the stick back and
go straight up. swing over. and
swoop right back down toward the
water. He did this time and time
again and every time we'd get the
least bit careless he'd be shooting
at us. We were getting In shots
here and there whenever we could"
Nazi Pinned within Range.
Capt. Paulk explained that he
and Gordon H. Rich OF Salt Lake
City, Utah. were slightly above the
German plane, heading 1t back in
range Of Capt. Bakers guns when-
ever the pilot tried to get free.
I'VE could see the German pilot
In his cockpit. We watched him
flip his stick backward and for
ward just as nonchslantly as II on
a pleasure trip. He would keep
looking back over his shoulder to
see how close we were"
The American officers agreed that
the German pilot should have para
chuted from the plane while he had
an opportunity.
We were outturning, outclimb-
ing and outrunning him and, with
four against him. it was only mat
ter of time" Capt Paulk said.
Eventually Capt. Bakers shell fire
took effect. The German pilot pulled
up steeply as he had done many
times befose, but stalled his ship,
falling into a dive from which he
couldn't recover. The plane was
caught in fire and crashed into the
sea. Capt. Bakers epitaph was
"As good as I've ever seen. Too
bad he wasn't on our side"
Evening star., 1943-08-18
Group to Present Record
Of Dominion Anthem

The choral group recruited from
the three West Potomac Park resi-
dence halls has made what is be-
lieved to be the first English record-
ing of the Dominican Republics ma
tional anthem. 1t will be played at
$50 o'clock tonight at the West
Potomac Park Community Center.
The recording will be presented to
the President of the republic,
through the Dominican Ambassa-
dor, DR.. j. M Troncoso.
Members of the Dominican EN-
bassy staff have been invited 20 at
tend. Miss Ramona Blunt, director
Of the choral group, said Enrique De
Marchena, Dominican pianist, will
be guest soloist on the program.
Mr.. De Marchena, composer and
music critic, is director of radio sta
ton HIN at Cuidad Trujillo, Do
minican Republic.
Evening star., 1943-08-18

idea originated in the White House
and it was considered very slick,
indeed. The objective was to
solidify both factions Of organized
labor behind the Presidents fourth
term candidacy so early and in such
way that something like real SUBJ
stance could be given the draft"
contention. One of the difflculties
of the Roosevelt political managers
this time is to make the Presidents
candidacy appear inspired by
genuine popular demand and not
by himself.
They recognize that 1t will be
very real weakness If the fact be-
comes too generally clear that the
whole fourth-term movement is
generated in the White House and
that the man behind it is Mr..
Roosevelt working through his
bosom friend and confidant, Harry
Hopkins: Postmaster General
Walker, whom he made chairman
of the Democratic National Com
mittee, and the various city ma
chine bosses, including Hague,
Kelly, Flynn and Kennedy, to whom
he has been feeding Federal favors
and whom he has otherwise coddled.
Managers Anxious.
Notwithstanding the heavily pro-
noted idea that Mr. Roosevelt and
Mr.. Hopkins are too absorbed in
great military and diplomatic prob
lens and too intent upon winning
the war to give any thought at all
to politics, this happens to be the
truth. One could have more respect
for them If, while they are maneu-
vering to perpetuate their power,
which. perhaps, is natural enough,
they did not assume Pecksnifflan
piety and exude resentment in
vario suways toward any one who
ventures to suggest that they are
not wholly noble and unselfish.
Actually, of course, consider
able number of people are aware
of the White House political ac-
tivity and fully informed as to the
realities of the fourth-term drive.
In fact, so many know these things
now that some apprehension exists
among the managerial group lest
the public generally cease believing
the complete absorption in prob
lens OF the war" propaganda and
see the situation as 1t really is.
1t was this feeling that inspired
the idea of uniting the two labor
factions in single political
action" committee, the objective, of
course, being a solid and enthusiast
Evening star., 1943-08-18

VINO nave Constantine Brswn.
been specializing that American
and British forces will head to-
ward Berlin from across the
Channel not to expect the inn
possible.
He indorsed the point OF view
OF the military who, in spite OF
the German reverses in the last
few months. do not think the
morale and fighting power OF the
Nazis have been impaired in any
way. His statement, made in
measured sentences. is particu-
larly interesting because it comes
so soon after the Roosevelt
Churchill conference at Hyde
Park.
The military picture is favor
able to the Allies. But in truth,
to date, we have fought only
colonial war-as far as our
ground forces are concerned.
Relatively small groups of forces
have been engaged In North
Africa and Sicily.
New Thrust Discussed.
After the collapse of the de-
fenses q Sicily, we have now
reached very narrow back door
to the European fortress.
Through this narrow and low
opening we will have to squeeze
large armies and vast quantities
of war material. The invasion of
Southern and Central Italy,
which should not be difiicult
task, will give us only good bases
for future operations.
In which direction the Allied
forces will 60 after the occupa-
tion of the Italian mainland to
the River Pc has been completed
is now a matter of discussion be-
tween British and American
chiefs OF staff. Their decisions
will be submitted to President
Roosevelt and Prime Minister
Churchill, who, as usual, will
have the last word as to execu-
ton.
Mr.. Byrnes presented to the
Nation true picture of the sit
uation when he discussed the
present relative strength Of the
Allied and enemy forces. He in
dicated that the chief weapon the
Allies intend to use in the COM
ing months will be the air force,
which will attempt to pulverize
the Nazis' industrial cities, their
lines OF communications and their
sources of vital raw materials,
such as the Rumanian oil fields.
This shows that the uninitiated
were mistaken in believing that
an invasion across the Channel
was possible and needed only an
order from the Allied high COM
mand.
In spite Of the political pres
sure to which the American and
the British strategists are SUBJ