davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-08-31
Gasoline
Continued From First Page.)

gasoline is needed for our fighting
forces"
Meanwhile, the Bureau of Mines
forecast that September demand for
gasoline-military as well as civilian
will run S per cent above Septem-
ber, 1912, and cut further into stocks
which already have registered an
abnormal seasonal decline.
Total demand for motor fuel next
month was estimated at $4,000, 900
barrels, and the bureau estimated
this would cut 100000 barrels off
inventories of finished stocks as re-
finery production slips to 50,4Oo, 900
barrels compared with an estimated
81 200 900 in August.
No figures on finished and unfin-
ished stocks of gasoline were avail
able for August, but the bureau said
they fell by 100000 barrels during
July to 73,600,000 at the end of that
month. On July 81, 1912, they were
79,446 900 barrels.
Adopted January I.
The Eastern pleasure driving ban
first was adopted last January and
remained in effect until March 8,
when it was replaced by an honor
system. The ban went back on May
20, however, when gasoline rations
were reduced in the East.
The restrictions applied to the IL
Northeastern States, eight counties
in West Virginia and the District.
Although OPA's General Manager
Chester Bowles had expressed hope
Evening star., 1943-08-31

now submitted to us is not related
at all to the amount Of possible re-
covery under the Fair Labor Stand
ards Act. The figure $125 per day
is arrived at by processes of ration
alization which wholly ignore the
fact that the mine workers are not
entitled to extra compensation
under the Fair Labor Standards Act
until the weekly working time ex-
ceeds 40 hours"
Ickes Cites Bitterness.
The NCA bulletins view OF the
Miners state of mind since they
failed to win general wage in
crease conceded partly with the
statement Of Mr.. Ickes in a national
magazine this week that the miners
are not working "at 100 per cent
efficiency because of the bitterness
growing out of the absence of a
work contract"
John D. Battle, executive secre-
tary of the National Coal Associa-
ton, when asked about the bulletin
said he was mot making an attack
upon the union" It should be
noted, he added, that the reference
was only to some" of the mine
workers.
Mr.. Ickes yesterday estimated
bituminous production for the week
ended Angst 81 at 11,929, 900 tons,
compared with 12,03O,Oo0 tons the
previous week. The Bureau OF
Mines estimated anthracite produc-
ton for the same period at 1883, 900
tons against 1,327,000 tons for the
previous week.
Restrictions already have been
ordered on anthracite deliveries in
the northeast in order to achieve
an equitable distribution.
Evening star., 1943-08-31
Suit for Portal Pay
For 1000 Miners
Filed in AIubomo
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
BIRMINGHAM, Ala, Aug. 81.
"A suit aiming to win portal
to-portal pay for $4,000 Alabama
coal miners and designed to
serve as a Nation wide guide,
was filed in United States Dis
trict Court here today by the
United Mine Workers.
The case proper involved nine
employees of the Tennessee Coal,
Iron d Railroad Co., United
States Steel subsidiary, but
Frank Parsons, one of the at
torneys filing the suit against
the company, said the courts
decision would apply to all
Alabama coal miners and was
designed to serve as a national
guide.
The suit asks five years back
pay for the nine men on a
portal-to-portal basis, asserting
they spend two hours daily in
the mines going to and from
the working faces. Pay is now
made on a "face-to-face" basis.
Evening star., 1943-08-31
Offer on Spy Case
Evidence Reported
BY the Associated Press.

DETROIT. Aug. 31,-The Detroit
News said today that Mrs. Theresa
Behrens, one of the four persons
held here on charges of violating
the Espionage Act, has offered to
tell many things the Government
ought to know in exchange for her
freedom.
The newspaper said that in the
presence of matrons and John S.
Bugas, special agent in charge of
the Detroit Office of the Federal
Bureau Of Investigation, Mrs.
Behrens declared: "I don't want to
60 to court. I don't want to testify.
But I do know a lot of important
things, and I will tell them If I can
be assured of my freedom"
Questioned about the incident.
Mr.. Bugas said he had no comment,
Mrs. Behrens is held under $50 900
bond, along with Miss Grace Buch-
anan-Dineen, 81; DR.. Fred William
Thomas, A, and Bertrand Steuart
Hoffman, q.
At Receiving Hospital, where she
was removed last Thursday. Ms
Behrens was reported still refusing
solid food today. Attendants said
she was accepting liquids.
Evening star., 1943-08-31
1000 Housing Units
For CoIored Families
To Be Ready Jan. IS

Officials Of the Federal Public
Housing Authority said today they
expected the publicly financed
dwelling units in the Washington
area for colored tenants to be ready
for occupancy by January Is and
that bids for construction are ex-
pected to be asked by the end of
September.
However. those units to be erected
privately will not have a strict time
schedule. since builders will have to
obtain priorities on materials as well
as find desirable locations.
OF the 5000 projected living units
for colored war workers, 1000 will
be privately financed, 1000 will be
publicly financed and the remaining
200 will be developed through pub
lie and private financing combi-
nation.
At FPHA it was said no sites had
as yet been acquired for the new
projects, and that it probably will
take month to complete the paper
work. OF the Government units.
TAO will be located in the District
and suburban Maryland and 260 will
be built In nearby Virginia.
The Government has stipulated
that the privately financed living
units must rent for under $40 a
month, and probably will average
$3.50. OF the others, 800 will be
in the $4o-$5o range and TOO may
be rented up to $50 month.
However. these figures, it was
pointed out, are only for shelter
rents" and do not include utilities
and building services. Under hous-
Ing regulations up to So a room may
be added to the base rent for
utilities and services.
j. Bernard Wyckoff, head of. the
Washington Housing Association,
yesterday commended the FPHA for
its action in providing additional
living quarters for colored persons
in the lower income brackets.
Evening star., 1943-08-31

of Supplies and Distribution in the
Midwest and Southwest to enforce
existing rationing regulations. The
Eastern OSD, he said, has such au-
thority.
Sees Saving at but l Per Cent.
Mr.. Hartley estimated that the
expected saving of 20 per cent in
Midwestern gasoline consumption
had not been more than per cent
in that zone.
Adequate transportation was avail
able for transshipment of gaso-
line to Eastern districts, he said
but deliveries from the Great Lakes
routes were far below capacity be-
cause fuel was not available. He
acknowledged that transportation
had been the biggest problem tc
solve at the beginning of the East
ern oil shortage, but noted that the
opening of several additional pipe
lines and building of an average OF
so steel barges a month for inland
waterway travel had overcome this
obstacle.
Mr.. Hartley said stocks still could
be built up in the Midwest in time
for shipment East before the winter
freeze chokes off the Great Lakes
delivery route. He warned that the
Office of Supply and Distribution
must be given sufficient authority
to order shipment East of surpluses
or else it would find it's way back
into the black market. He said he
was particularly interested in OBJ
tanning supplies from the Midwest
rather than the Southwest because
of the time saved. He estimated
that $4,000 barrels would be lost
daily if fuel was hauled all the way
from the Southwest.
Mr.. Hartley said the sentiments
OF his group would be conveyed to
Mr. Ickes in a letters this~Week eky4@sIf
tho denfAnds are nd met, he said,
the group would confer soon after
Congress convenes on more effective
measures for obtaining relief for the
East. fss gEr :ss = -.
Evening star., 1943-08-31
Newspaper Blue Book
Tells Of Advertisers
Role in War Effort
BY the Associated Press

BY the Associated Press.
NEW YORK. Aug. 31.-The power
of the pen used in wartime adver-
tising is mightier than anybody ever
suspected. the Bureau of Advertis-
ing Of the American Newspaper
Publishers Association said today In
a foreword to the 1943 edition Of It's
Blue Book"
Tracing the advertisers role In
the war. the bureau said that ae-
vertising was confronted with the
same problems of conversion that
industry in general faced after
Pearl Harbor.
Force Nobody Knew"
Comparing advertising to the
force that nobody knew" in indus
try-something that was taken for
granted while people were enjoying
its benefits--the bureau documents
its story with vital statistics from
SO newspaper advertising campaigns
In l3 classifications showing how A
advertising agencies employed new
illustrative techniques and dra-
matte description to inform, advise
and sell.
The Blue Books foreword contin-
ued:
"Out of conversions labor pains
came two great and parallel discov-
eries-that American industry, gear
ed to war. could outproduce the
fondest estimates of peacetime op-
timfsm, and that advertising, like
wise geared to war, could turn in q
kind of performance that few Of It's
practitioners had dreamed was pos
sible.
The success Of advertising at war
also has been due to great public
awakening, vast popular thirst for
information, that has nowhere been
more apparent than in peoples in
terest in and attitude toward their
newspapers.
During 1912 people bought more
newspapers than ever before In
United States and Canadian history.
And they have followed with greater
interest, read with greater thorough
ness, both the news and the adver-
tising content of newspapers, as at
tested time and again by the con-
tinuing study Of newspaper read
ing"
The survey shows how the Gov
ernment called on advertising for
Army, Navy and war shipping re-
cruitment, followed by the highly
successful scrap drive and numerous
other projects.
Later grocery and processed food
advertisers turned their space Unto
promotion of rationing and public
health themes, while transportation
used paid space to explain It's pas
senger and freight problems and the
telephone companies urged the pub
lie to make fewer calls.
Builds Industry Morale.
Industry. with less civilian goods
to sell, devoted space to institutional
advertising and published "help-
the -war-effort" and War bond copy.
Automotive and rubber manufac-
turers met special problems with
specialized information, while air.
craft companies built morale with
news of amazing production.
The Blue Book concludes with the
statement:
Inevitably, more and more adver-
t1sers anxious to reach the people
with informative messages have
turned to newspapers. Almost as
surely, those who have told their
stories well in newspapers have been
rewarded with new high marks of
| public attention and response"
Evening star., 1943-08-31
White House Farley Held
On News Coordination

BY the Associated Press.
A conference designed to Improve
coordination on news releases be-
tween the State, War and Navy
Departments and the Once OF. War
Information was held today by
President Roosevelt.
Elmer Davis, owl director, told
reporters some progress had been
made, but that he preferred that
Mr.. Roosevelt be asked about de-
tails.
Participating in the discussion
with Mr.. Davis and the Chief Execu-
tive were Secretary Of the NAVY
Knox, John ]. McCloy, Assistant
Secretary of War, and James C.
Dunn, political adviser to Secretary
Of State Hull.
Evening star., 1943-08-31
Welles Denies Candidacy
For 1Ydings' Senate Seat
By the Associated Press.

AASSS~A0tSd
BALTIMORE, Aug. 31.-Sumner
Welles, whose resignation as Under
secretary Of State has been per-
sistently reported by unonicial polit-
ical sources, said today there's abso-
lutely nothing in" report that he
would be candidate for United
States Senator from Maryland next
year.
Mr.. Welles' statement was made
to the Baltimore News-Post in a
telephone conversation from Bar
Harbor, Me. Mr. Welles, whose home
is at Oxon Hill, Prince Georges
County, Md, had been mentioned
as candidate to run against SEN
ator Tydings in the Democratic
primary next May.
Mr.. Welles last night Cancelled
train reservations for Washington
and expects to continue his vacation
at Bar Harbor.
Evening star., 1943-08-31
Arkansas Governor
Calls Nebrosko's S Bet
On War Loan Result
BY the Associated Press

BY the Associated Press.
LITTLE ROCK, Ark, Aug. 81.
Gov. Homer M. Adkins of
Arkansas today called Gov.
Dwight Griswold of Nebraska
on his offer to bet a $35 corn
fed hog that Nebraska could
beat Arkansas in the third War
bond drive opening Septem-
ber 9.
Gov. Adkins said he would
bet a white-faced calf against
Gov. Griswold's pig that.
ARKANSAS percentage showing
IN the drive would beat Ne
braska's.
The Arkansas Governors
wagering heretofore has not
been so successful.
Evening star., 1943-08-31
Votieon Representative
Reported COMING Here

BY the Associated Press.
MADRID, Aug. 31.-Enrico Ga
leazzi, representative OF the Vatican
and influential member of the
Knights of Columbus, arrived in
Madrid today aboard the regular
Italian plane from Rome.
He is en- route to Lisbon, and it Is
said that he may go to the United
States in connection with negotia-
tions for declaring Rome an open
city,
Evening star., 1943-08-31
Rixey, Deputy Chief
Of ChupIuins, Injured
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
LONDON, Aug. 31.-Col. George
F.. Rixey, deputy chief of United
States Army chaplains, and Chap
lain Shelton Hutchinson, attached
to the ground forces in Britain, were
injured in a motor car accident q
few days ago, it was disclosed today
Neither was badly hurt.
Evening star., 1943-08-31

There are more than 10 conven-
lent branch Offices for Star AWant
Ads" located throughout the city.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-01

six miles in an attempt TO widen
the coastal corridor.
American fighters kept an UNI
brella over Allied attacking troops
and heavily strafed enemy rear
positions.
Flying Fortresses executed the
new raid on Bizerte. and returning
pilots reported a large merchant
vessel sunk. The Forts were at
tackled by enemy fighters, eight
of which were destroyed.
Martin Marauders escorted by
Lockheed Lightnings scattered
light bombs on the airdrome al
Gabes. where many fighters were
destroyed aground and six enemy
transport planes were left IN
flames. Other bombs hit the mill
'tary camp and railroad at GabeS
Five enemy fighters were shot
down and two Lightnlngs were
lost in this attack.
The Allied force went into action
late yesterday after a forced march
of "a hours from its base to the
soon as news was flashed Of the
German attack on the French.
Reports 10 French headquarters
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-01
Raj Rains Death
On Hamburg
For gath Time
More Than Hundred Planes
Drop Two, Four-ton Bombs
on Vital Ne1i City

LONDON, Feb. I INS).-Large
waterfront areas Of Hamburg
Germanys chief port and vital
Shipbuilding center. lay leveled
today after a furious Raj assault
with four-ton super bombs Sat
urday night.
Again following the "saturation'
technique of pouring terrific guam
titles of explosives in short time
against designated targets, the
heavy British bomberS concen-
trated most Of their attack in the
first Is minutes of the half-hour
assault.
Giant S.000-pound bombs rocked
the Nazi port, aided by large
numbers of two-ton "block-bust.
erS' and tens of thousands oil
ineendiaries. an air ministry com
munque disclosed
The official announcement re.
ported that five planes were miss
ing. indicating that 100 or more
Raj bombers pounded al the port
Other detectives in western Ger
many also were attacked.
The raid came only a few hours
after two daylight assaults or
Berlin during the Nazis tenth an
niversary of their assumption oil
power in the Reich.
1t was the ninety-fourth raid oi
the war on Hamburg.
Hamburg, main port OF Germany
and chief distribution center foI
mid-Europe in Peacetime, is Us
miles northwest of Berlin on the
north arm of the Elbe. Within
the city converge railroad lines
and the city also contains plant!
manufacturing machinery. explo
sives. steel plate and nautical in
struments, as well as iron foun
dries and tin, zinc and copper
works.
OF vast Importance TO German
war planes are Hamburg's ship
building facilities.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-01
French in Africa
Execute Il Spies

CONSTANTINE. Algeria. Feb.
I (UP).-Eleven parachutists, five
Germans, three Frenchmen and
three Arabs, dropped behind the
Allied lines in civilian clothes as
spies, have been executed after
conviction by court-martial along
with two Arab accomplices who
sheltered them, il was announced
today.
French military authorities an
nounced that the spies and their
accompliceS had been convicted
here. The parachutists were exc
cuted January 30.
"Parachutists dropped in uni
form are considered prisoners OF
war and are treated As SUCH"
the French announcement said.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-01
DOughnut Gift
Wayne U. Is Given So, 500
for 'Sinker' Research

More deleectable and nutritious
dunking is in sore for Detroit's
breakfast despite war rationing OF
sugar and the scarcity of shorten
ing
The board Of education today
accepted a $500 gift 10 Wayne
University from the Doughnut
Corporation Of America for re
search 10 enhance the nutritive
value" Of the popular "sinkerS.
DR.. Gladys Everson OF Wayne
home economics department. anc
Or. Arthur II. Smith Of the uni
verSity's college Of medicine. were
assigned to conduct the better
doughnut research. after DR. David
Fl. Henry, executive secretary OF
Wayne L. and other officials
recommended that the grant be
accepted with thanks.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-01
Girdud Reveals
Plans for0neBig
Army Of France
Declares He and De GauIla
viii Each Command
in His Own Territory

LONDON. Feb. l CINSl.-Gen.
Henri Honore Giraud is organic.
ing an army of 100000 Frenchmen
in North Africa and expects that
Gen. Charles de Gaulle's Fighting
French troops will he amalga-
mated with his forces, cor-
respondent of the London Daily
Express said today.
Each general, however, would
retain leadership in those parts OF
the empire now under his control.
The French high commissioners
of North and West Africa was
quoted in the dispatch from Allied
North African headquarters az
saving that his new French army
must be ready within few
months to take part in the big
battles of Europe
AT Casablanca," said Giraud,.
'1 told Mr.. Roosevelt that we
need modern equipment. He
promised would have u at
once"
Discussing the North African
campaign, the veteran general
said:
when Field Marshal Erwin
Rommel joins tCol. Gem Voc
Arnim In Tunisia the combined
forces will number 100000.
III they stand and fight. they
will he forced 10 surrender.
Characterization air strength
In North Africa soon viii he
overwhelming and CGen. Sir
( Bernardo Montgomery also can
bring In 1000 aircraft.
Imnst IL started 70 the front as
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-01
SITUATION BETTER

He said The war situation
throughout the world was better
than it was 90 days ago.
But we are just starting to
fight" he added I'VE now are
ready to strike hard blows and
we hope and expect To retain
the Initiative In our hands"
At Espiritu Santo. in the New
Hebrides. where the party met Ad
miral William +. HalSey Jr. com
mander of United States nava
forces in the South Pacific, the
group was welcomed by the first
air raid the island has experienced
The raid did no damage except
that il kept us awake
The night of their arrival a
IGuadalcanal the japanese started
an aerial bombardment at $50
which lasted until 3;40 a m. Kno>
described il as similar 10 ones hC
experienced during World War
and added that the safest place il
on the target
He warned, however, that the
Japanese have hard fanatic
courage. and Will fight on despite
severe losses.
Knox emphasized that American
preparations for intensified al
power in the Pacific are progres
sing rapidly. and described an ali
field on Samoa as one of the bos
he had seen anywhere.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-01
L. 8. Takes Offensive I'm TuniSia
VETERAN NAH CORPS

indicated that the battle was still
TO he decided.
VETERAN NAH CORPS
II was disclosed officially that
the German tenth armofed divi-
sion. which fought in Poland. made
the break through the French lima
AT Sedan in 1910 and then went TO
the central front in Russia, had
spearheaded the Axis attack on
the French lines which is near tho
southern end Of the Allied front
facing the Tunisian east coast.
The Germans were equipped
with new 52-ton tanks. never used
before in African campaigns. These
tanks, which the Germans seem
10 be shipping 10 Tunisia in VOL
'ume, are equipped with me power.
full new SS-millimeter gun.
CAIRO. Feb / (INS) The
British Eighth Army has occupied
the Libyan port Of Zuara, IS
miles west OF Tripoli and IS miles
from the Tunisian border. the
Middle East high command an
nounced today.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-01
KNOCKED OFF CRATES

The next afternoon, said Lentz
the captiVeS were knocked of
some gun crates on which they
we're sitting when a British Beau
fort dropped four depth charge.
near the sub.
"The lights went out and the
motor stopped" Lentz said. THE
coming tower door was closed
and we couldn't get on deck.
Inside, the sub was busted up
fierce.
"When some one came down
to try 10 fix the leaks, we went
out as quickly rs possible
through the battery room. where
the fumes were bad, and then
through a hole In the floor.
Three destroyers opened fire
from n mile away.
I'VE started removing our
clothes. The Italians were going
nuts, screaming and hollering.
THE destrOyers finally closed
to 100 yards and gave the sub
marine hell.
II hung I'm the water from a
rod on the side Of the subma-
rine, but Millichamp and the
Others swan away. The de-
stroyers finally sank the sub
and began rescuing the suryiy-
ors."
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-01
EVEN REDS SURPRISED

The special communique re-
vealed that even the Russians
were surprised at the magnitude
OF their Stalingrad victory. They
had estimated the original total of
the troops trapped at StalingIad
when their winter offensive started
November % al 100000, or - di-
visions at two-thirds strength.
German generals confirmed that
actually the trapped arm y had
numbered 100000, equivalent TO
full strength, including auxiliary
troops All but those few remain
ing in the northern pocket were
now dead or prisoners.
About 10000 men remained out
Of the $4,000 January 10 when
the Russians tried vainly in an
ultimatum 10 induce the Germans
TO surrender. OF these upward
of 100000 have been killed and
more than IS 600 had been made
prisoner, according to official
count.
Final figures were expected
within a few days 10 give the full
account OF the fate of all 10000
for only a few now remained. In
four days up 10 midnight last
ight $4,000 had been made
prisoner
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-01
Allies Inn New Guinea
Sweep .Baps North

days report revealed Al WeWak.
300 miles still farther north, an
other heavy bomber unit attacked
the Jap-hcld airdrome and ship
ping in the harbor.
ON the isle Of Timor, eight Jap
aneSe bomberS and a fighter were
destroyed by cannon and machine
gun fire from long-rangc Allied
fighters. Hangers and buildings at
the kupang airdrome where the
planes were caught on tho ground
also were set a6re and destroyed
What appeared 10 be an ammuni-
ton warehouse exploded VIOLENTLY
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-01
INSTALLATIONS DESTROYED

Two miles from kupang, a mo-
tor pool of 20 vehicles IVES Strafed.
None Of the Allied raiders was
lost
Another pre-dawn heavy bomber
raid on Rabaul. chief Jap base on
New Britain island. destroyed in
stallstions along the shore and in
the harbor a LIbcraior on patrol
over the south coast Of New Brit
ain SET afre Jap merChantman
of Arawe in a low-levcl strafng
attack.
The Communlque also reported
a medium bomber raid on enemy
installations at Viqucque while a
heavy bomber attacked nearby Jap
shipping In tho Tcnlmbar islands.
heavy bomber unit bombed the
Jetty on Selaru island