davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-03-04
100 Ships a Year Lost
Through Absenteeism,
Land Tells Congress
Admiral Supports Bill
To Report SIockers to
Their Draft Boards
BY the Associated Press.

Chairman Emory S. Land of
the Maritime Commission testi-
fed today that "illegitimate alb
Senteeism" among shipyard
workers was costing an estimated
100 Liberty ships annually.
Rear Admiral Land indorsed legis-
lation designed to curb absenteeism
by requiring shipyard foremen to re-
port to local draft boards the names
OF workers absent without sufficient
cause, with a view to possible induc-
ton into the armed forces.
His estimate that 100 cargo vessels
could be built in the time unneces-
sarily lost during year was based,
Admiral Land told the House Naval
Affairs Committee, on survey made
during November and December OF
1912 and January of this year.
Figures on Hours Lost.
Man hours lost in each of three
weeks surveyed, he said, ranged from
2,372,000 in the week ended Novem-
ber IS, and 2,373,0O0 for the week
ended December Is, to 1889 900 for
the week ended January 15
Of the total time lost, Admiral
Land said, 6.4 per cent was "unex-
planned" and that means 100 Lib
erty ships per annum.'
Emphasizing that his remarks
were aimed mainly at absenteeism
among ship workers of draft age, he
said "illegitimate absenteeism is a
first cousin to slackeriesm."
"A work-orf fight order will help
materially" he added.
Admiral Land said responsible
labor leaders had given "considera-
BILE cooperation" in curtailing un-
necessary absenteeism.
Admiral Land estimated that
about 40 per cent of the 100000
shipyard workers were of draft age.
The same percentage, he said, prob
ably applied to the estimated 1000,-
900 additional workers in occupa-
tions necessary to keep shipyards
operating.
preventive medicine by Con-
gress,' Admiral Land testified,
would be 'far more effective" than
regulations from a governmental
agency such as the War Manpower
Commission
Admiral Land said he believed
legislation should provide that the
(See SHIPS, Page A-4.)
Evening star., 1943-03-04
Live Hog Prices Reach
Hiqhest Level Since 1920

BY he Associated Press
CHICAGO, March 4-The price
OF live hogs reached top of SIG
per hundredWeight in active trad
ing today. 1t was the highest price
since October, 1920.
The advance of 10 to Is cents
over yesterdays, increasing prices
about so cents above the level of a
week ago, was attributed to another
light run of salable receipts.
Salable arrivals we're only 1000
head, compared with an expected
$4,000.
Arrivals for the first three days
this week at 20 principal markets
totaled 272.000 head, l6 per cent
below the comparable period last
week.
Evening star., 1943-03-04
Consumers Puzzled
By Disappearance
OF Meat Supply
Agriculture Departments S
Goals Recalled as Short
Rution Plan Is Undenied
BY the Associated Press

BY he Associated Press.
The question of what has hap
pened. to the Nations meat sup
ply was raised in consumer quar-
ters today by reports-which
went undenied by food authori-
ties-that civilians will get an
average of only about 134 pounds
of meat weekly under rationing.
The Agriculture Department said
several weeks ago that if its 1943
production goals are achieved the
total supply of meats, including
pork, beef, veal, lamb and mutton,
would be 26,495, 100000 pounds,
dressed weight. That estimate in
cluded imports and reserves.
On this basis, it said civilians
would have a per capita supply of
approximately 212 pounds a week.
Earmarkings Recalled.
The department tentatively ear
marked 913O,OO0,O00 pounds for
military and lease-lend require
ments-for both current needs and
emergency demonstrating 1854
100000 pounds for civilians.
Assuming a rationing allowance
of IA pounds for the period begin
ming April /, the amount which
would be needed to supply each
civilian for the remaining 40 weeks
of the year would be 10 pounds. On
the basis of 12O,O0O,0O0 civilians, the
total required for civilian rationing
would be 8,4OO0OO,O0O pounds.
Thus, 1864 100000 pounds of the
estimated civilian supply would be
unaccounted for under rationing.
Assuming that weekly civilian con-
sumption averaged 2l2 pounds dur
ing the first IL weeks of the year,
the total consumed during the un-
rationed period would be 3,600000,-
900 pounds. Some civilians undoubt-
edly have consumed more than 21a
pounds, while many others have not
been able to get anything like that
amount.
Consumption Estimated.
The total consumed during the un-
rationed and rationed periods would
be 1000 100000 pounds, or 5,364 ,OO0,-
900 less than the estimated civilian
supply. 1t can be assumed that
about 2,000000,000 pounds has been
and will be made available for hotels,
restaurants, cafes and other eating
places In addition to the rationed
supplies.
Thus, 1864 100000 pounds are still
unaccounted for. Divided among
120,000,000 consumers, this would be
sufficient to give each more than 10
ounces a week in addition to the
pound and three quarters, or a total
Of pounds and 6 ounces.
This 1864 ,000,O ,O00-pound deficit
might be accounted for in several
ways. Production may not be main
tanning expected levels. Or military
and lease-lend requirements may
have expanded Or there may be
an extra large amount of boarding
on farms, in cold storage lockers
and elsewhere.
Evening star., 1943-03-04
Pan American Air Official
In Brazil Is Acquitted
By the Associated Press.

RIO DE JANEIRO, March 4
Cauby da Costa Araujo, president
of Panair do Brasil, an affiliate of
Pan American AirWays, was acquit-
ted by federal military tribunal
today of charges of "a crime against
the national security"
With four others he had been
sccused Of conspiring to purchase
Brazilian military secrets, and the
military prosecutor asked the death
penalty for all five. The other four
we're convicted and sentenced to %
years each in prison.
They were Ernesto Holck, former
traffic superintendent Of the Condor
All Service, once the Brazilian af-
tl.ate of the German Lufthansa
Inc; Plauto Carneiro de Mesquita,
Alfonso Vasconcelos de Aboim, and
Senhorita Aulette Albuquerque
Silva do Vale, clerks in the war min
1strv.
Evening star., 1943-03-04
Reds Push Forward
Near Kursk, Adding
To 0reI's Peril
Spear Also Pointed
At Bryonsk, Important
Nozi Supply Base
BY EDDY GILMORE.



MOSCOW, March 4:-The Rus
slams said today the Red Army
continued to pursue German
forces which fled their defense
citadel at Rzhev, and under ap-
palling weather conditions So
Wet troops plowed forward west
and northwest of Kursk to
heighten their menace to Orel,
the hinge bastion between the
central and southern fronts.
(The Berlin radio reported that
Russian forces had made local
breaches" in the Axis positions on
the f1anks of the front around
Orel, 200 miles south of Moscow.
1t also asserted that German
forces captured Slavyansk, about
SO miles north of Stalino, after
storming the city yesterday. This
is in the region where the Ger
man communicates have claimed
their troops had reached the
Donets on a broad front in the
Izyum sector)
Besides endangering Orel, opera
tions northwest of Kursk, 80 miles
south Of that city, pointed a spear
toward Bryansk, which has been
the Nazis main supply base for CEN
trail front operations.
As Miles From Bryansk Railway.
The capture of Dmitriev-Lgovsky,
announced in special communique
last night along with the capture Of
Rzhev and Lgov, placed the Red
Army columns about As miles from
the Bryansk railway through Kono-
top to Kiev, capital OF the Ukraine.
Dmitriev-Lgovsky is IS miles
southwest of Bryansk on the Bry-
ansk-Lgov railway, SO miles north
west of Kursk and 65 miles south
west of Orel.
Konotop, one OF the German
strongholds on the path toAKiev, al
ready is threatened by Russian ad-
vance which carried west of Sunny,
10 miles southeast Of Konotop.
The Russian noon communique
said German counterattacks and
attempts to set up new defense lines
southwest of Rzhev were being
smashed by Soviet troops, and that
Do A
Evening star., 1943-03-04
RommeI Mossing Units
To Meet Threat of
British 9th Army

BY the Associated Press.
ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN
NORTH AFRICA, March A.
United States patrols were in
contact with the Germans today
3 miles from Faid Pass, the
jumping off point for Marshal
Erwin Rommel's abortive Feb
ruary offensive, and his surviv-
ing armored units were reported
massing in the Mareth Line area
to the south against the mount
ing threat from the British 9th
Army.
Allied airmen turned their bomb
ers against transport and fortifica-
tions of the Mareth Line area in an
offensive which also embraced at
tacks on six Tunisian airdromes of
the Axis.
German and Italian troops struck
anew at both ends of the Tunisian
front, seeking to delay the closing
of the Allied pincer, and field dis
patches said the British 1st Army
line was forced back four miles in
the Sedjenane sector of Northern
Tunisia.
Heavy Cost to Enemy.
However, authorities said the gain
in the north by the forces of 1t.
Gen. Jurgen Won Arnim was at
tanned only at a cost of heavy casu-
q
threaten Allied positions seriously
and that the British launched a
small counterattack in the region of
Hunts Gap northeast of Beja,
town which is % miles south of Sed-
jenane.
Attacks in other areas were sue
cessfully repulsed," an Allied COM
munique said.
Disclosure that American patrols
were back before Faid Pass, indi-
eating that Rommel was surrender
ing all his gains at the center in
the interest of security to the south,
followed an announcement that the
nearby town of Sidi Bouzid had
been re-entered by United States
forces without opposition.
At the same time it was an
nounced that light armored forces
Of the British 9Th Army had sue
cessfully engaged and repulsed enc
my infantry striking east of Mareth.
THE enemy has reinforced his in
fantry with tanks in this area" the
communique added.
"On the night of March 2-3,' it
said. targets at Tunis and OBJ
jectives near Mareth were bombed.
Yesterday our bombers attacked air
fields at Tunis and made raids on
enemy landing grounds in the Gabes
area. Hits were seen on all the
targets attacked, particularly among
aircraft on the ground"
Allied medium bombers attacked
Axis ground targets and fighters
destroyed a number of enemy We
hicles, the communique said.
Three Axis aircraft were reported
destroyed in air combat and three
Allied planes are missing.
Ihe Allied push into Sldl BOuZid
placed vanguards at the approaches
of Faid Pass, through which Rom
mels tank-supported infantry
stormed Sunday, February IA, in
an offensive which drove at some
points as far westward as the
Algerian frontier before American
and British divisions turned the
tide west and northwest of Kasserine
Pass.
Reconnaissance patrols proceeded
slowly toward Faid Pass to avoid the
many minefields left behind by the
Germans. Similar patrols penetrated
to within a few miles of Gafsa, for
mer American base IS miles south
west OF Faid Pass on the secondary
rail line which loops inland from
(See AFRICA pape Ad)
Evening star., 1943-03-04
u. 5. Cargo Ship Founders;
Two in Crew Feared Dead
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
A medium sized United States
merchant vessel foundered in a
North Atlantic storm in December,
and two crew members are believed
to have lost their lives, the Navy
reported today.
The ship was unable to maintain
headway through heavy seas, for
ward matches were smashed by waves
and water was taken in faster than
it could be removed by the ships
pumps, the Navy said, adding:
After the vessel lost buoyancy
and began to sink by the bow. the
captain ordered the lifeboat lowered.
This was done successfully, but two
men who stayed aboard to handle
the lifeboat falls were swept away
by the violence of the waves when
they leaped into the water and tried
to reach the boats. After spending
73 hours adrift, survivors were
picked up and taken to q United
Nations port"
Evening star., 1943-03-04
Destruction Of 22-Ship Convoy
Eases Jap Threat to Australia;
U. S. Troops Nearing Foid Pass
Victory in Pacific
Hailed by Military
Leaders Here
b. the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
Destruction of a strong New
Guinea-bound japanese convoy
by Allied pilots punching out his
tory's greatest air triumph over
a naval surface force aroused
quick elation among military
officials here today, but little i'm
mediate speculation as to its
probable long grange effect on the
Pacific war.
Without minimizing importance of
the aerial blow which sank or dis
abled % ships, wiped out $4,000
troops aboard and shot down SIS
protecting planes, the officials still
wanted to know such details as
what type of warships were de-
stroyed before trying to reckon the
significance on future strategy.
1t seemed clear however, that the
battle-presumably the biggest vic
tory by land-based bombers-over
surface ships-had at least tempo
rarily dispersed any threat of i'm
mediate attack on Australia, stressed
the Importance of the circular
Southern front" being set up in Far
Pacific seas, and demonstrated anew
the dual Importance of holding
Guadalcanal, the right flank of that
new 'front.'
Comparable to Solomons Battle.
The triumph was comparable to
the November Solomons Sea
battle which cost the Japanese some
10000 to $4,000 men and 38 ships,
and broke the back of their drive to
regain Guadalcanal The parallel
brought predictions that the enemy's
New Guinea grip now soon might
slip.
Whether the triumph reported
from Allied headquarters in Aus
tralia indicates that another Quad
alcanal" is impending in New
Guinea remains to be seen.
Much depends on whether the
Japanese can get new reinforce
ments through to Lac, where Allied
ground forces are closing in. Be-
cause of the naval strength obvious
ly needed to maintain such shipping
lines, military officials centered at
tention on the question of how
many if any of the 10 warsllips de-
stroyed along with IL transports
were cruisers and how many were
destroyers.
Would Be Heavy Blow.
If they were cruisers, their loss
would represent a substantial blow
to japanese naval strength, observ-
ers said-but if destroyers, the effect
would be much less.
Ordinarily, it would be easy to dis
tinguish between them during COM
bat, but japanese shipbuilding is
sometimes unorthodox Some big
enemy destroyers, called destroyer
leaders" look in silhouette-and es-
pecially from the air-much like
cruisers.
Usual warship component of such
a convoy as the one which met dis
aster at the hands of Gen MacAr-
thurs men was said to consist of six
destroyers, two light cruisers and
two heavy cruisers.
Evening star., 1943-03-04
Richmond Plane, AfIame,
Crashes as Pilot Jumps
Ry the Aesocioted presS

BY the Associated Press.
RICHMOND, Va, March A
fighter plane from the Richmond
Air Base crashed near Centralia
in Chesterfield County this morn
ing
Residents of Centralia said the
plane was aflame as it plunged low
over that village to fall some dis
tance from it in woods. They said
they saw the pilot dropping earth
ward by parachute.
A party was dispatched to the
scene from the air base and a fire
truck was sent from the Richmond
Quartermaster Depot, near Gen.
tralia.
Officers at the air base said they
had no information as yet as to
whether the pilot the only occupant
OF the plane, had landed safely.
Evening star., 1943-03-04
Admiral King Lauds
Red Cross Support
Given Armed Services
Navy Chief Addresses 5000
Workers in Launching
Drive for $1,555,4O0

Red Cross support of the
armed services was hailed today
by Admiral Ernest J. King, COM
mander in chief of the Navy, as
"a material factor in the war" at
the rally launching 5000 workers
on their campaign to raise
s1,555 400 in the Metropolitan
Area for Red Cross use among
servicemen and on the home
front.
The campaign army of District
Red Cross workers, meeting in the
Departmental Auditorium, heard
Admiral King express his apprecia-
ton, on behalf of the officers and
men OF the Navy, Marine Corps and
Coast Guard, for the services al
ready rendered by the Red Cross and
urge generous support of the cam
paign.
He emphasized that with the enor-
nous expansion of our armed forces
IN comparatively short period the
Red Cross has been hard pressed to
fulfill its elf-imposed obligations.
No haphazard organization could
hope to accomplish them, he pointed
out, and no organization, good or
bad, could do them without ade-
quate financial support.
OF Direct Assistance.
1T Is almost truism," he said,
that the saving of lives during
and after battle, together with the
subsequent rehabilitation of our
fighting forces, is one way to be
economical with our manpower. The
Red Cross nurse, and the Red Cross
ambulance and stretchers manned
by Red Cross field workers, which
have to degree become the symbols
of the organization, are tangibles.
People can see for themselves that
they are of immediate and direct
assistance. The same is true of
comparatively recent activity which
is less direct but nevertheless read
lily understandable as a contribution
to the welfare and upkeep of armed
forces, namely, the Red Cross organ
ization to collect blood plasma. That
kind Of humanitarianism may be
(See PEn CPOSS pooo A-Al
Evening star., 1943-03-04

them, "as he was doing most of the
talking"
Mr. Roosevelt observed the ami
versary at special religious services
in the East Room of the White
House, praying for divine grace
fearlessly to contend against evil
and to make no peace with oppres-
sion"
The church service on March 4
has been made an annual custom by
the President since he entered the
White House March 4, 1888 Be-
cause of the cold weather and Mr..
Roosevelt's recent illness, the serv-
ice was held in the East Room of
the White House instead of at st.
Johns Episcopal Church across
Continued on Page A-2O, Column u
Evening star., 1943-03-04
McNutt Says Fathers
Are Safe From Draft
Until Further Notice
Corrects Statement Thut
No Order Barred Their
Immediate Induction

Correcting a statement of
three days ago, War Manpower
Chairman Paul v. McNutt today
said local draft boards still are
under orders not to draft men
with dependent children until
further notice.
The only men with children now
being inducted, he said, are those
who acquired their dependents
after the Pearl Harbor attack or
when induction was imminent.
Those registrants having wives
and children, or children only, with
whom they maintain a bona fide
home, and who were married be-
fore December 8, 1941, and at a
time when selection was not immi-
nent, may not be indicted through
selective service until there is direct
authorization by national head
quarters" he added.
Made No Distinction.
Mr.. McNutt told his press con-
ference Monday that he knew of
no such restriction on local boards
and said that fathers were now
being taken in some States. At the
time, he made no distinction about
the time their dependents were &C
quired.
In his clarifying statement today
he emphasized that the funda-
mental purpose of the Selective
Service Act is the procurement of
sufficient men for the armed serv-
ices and maintenance of produc-
ton essential to win the war. But,
he added, insofar as is practical
to carry out these requirements,
"the order in which registrants
are called has been designed to
protect the bona fide family rela-
tionship as long as possible"
There was no indication in the
statement when fathers might ex-
pect to be called Some officials
have estimated that the first draft
of fathers might begin around May
l. In the District, however, where
there is large pool of married men
without children, fathers are not
expected to be called before early
summer.
When the draft of fathers begins
here, 1t was indicated at District
headquarters, it will mean that all
other groups have been combed for
possible selections, A local draft
spokesman said if all Washington S
single men deferred for occupat tional
reasons were reclassified into Ia
induction of fathers would not be
STAYED off for more than 80 or 40
days.
The same, it was said, is true of
men now in 4-F. The ranks of men
in 4-F have been combed again and
again and if every one of them
physically fit for limited service
were drafted, it would mean no more
than months postponement in
the drafting of fathers.
Excludes "Non- -Deferrable."
Nationally, the principal exception
to the rule lies in the class of mon
deferables." After April l men with
dependents who are in defer
rable occupations will be given 80
days to transfer to essential occu-
pations or to register with the
United States Employment Service
before being placed in Glass la
under the work or fight" order is
sued February 3.
In reclassifying men with depend
ents into Ia, Mr. McNutt said,
lSee DRAFT. PAGE A-20l
Evening star., 1943-03-04
Nozi Economic Expert
To Visit Turkey Soon
By the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
ANKARA, March 4.-Informed
diplomatic quarters reported yester-
day that DR.. Karl Clodius, German
economic expert, will arrive here
late this month, presumably to dis
cuss a new agreement for the de-
livery of Turkish chromium to Ger
many.
The present trade agreement in
volving chromium deliveries was ne
gotiated by DR.. Clodius in October,
1941, and expires March 81.
DR.. Clodius is now in Budapest
with a German diplomatic mission.
Evening star., 1943-03-04
Harvard Reveals Lowell
Cove 100000 Fund
P,1 n, tssociated press

Z
CAMBRIDGE, Mass. March A.
Harvard University disclosed today
that A. Lawrence Lowell late presi-
dent of the university, was the donor
of a s2,000,000 fellowship fund es-
tablished at Harvard in 1882 1884
and that he had insisted that the
gift remain anonymous until after
his death.
The fund, carried on Harvard's
books as The Society of Fellows
Foundation will be known hence
forth as The Anna Parker Lowell
Fund in memory of DR.. Lowell's
wife, in accordance with a wish ex-
pressed by the educator in a letter
marked to be opened after his death.
Evening star., 1943-03-04
r azi Gen. Eicke Killed

LONDON, March 4 P).-German
Cen. Theodore Eicke of the Waffen
e9, new special fighting section
OF the Nazi Elite Guards, has been
Killed on the Russian front the
German radio reported yesterday
He had been decorated with nu-
merous honors, including the
Knights ~~Ss.
Evening star., 1943-03-04
Seven Axis Ships
Destroyed by
British Subs
By the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
LONDON, March 4.-British sub
marines in the Mediterranean have
destroyed seven enemy vessels and
damaged nine others, the Admiralty
announced today.
One of the submarines, it said.
surfaced in the Gulf Of Genoa near
the Italian coast and fired on
shipbuilding yard. reporting that she
scored several hits with high-ex-
plosiye shells on two vessels on the
stocks"
Another submarine operating
close in shore shelled train on a
bridge.
Evening star., 1943-03-04
American Flyers
Blast Rotterdam
In Daylight Raid
Homm Also Attacked
In FoI|owup of RAF
Assault on HAMBURG
BY The Associated Press

bS lNs associated PreSS.
LONDON, March 4.-United
States Flying Fortresses bombed
docks and warehouses of Rotter-
dam and freight yards at the
German city of Hamm by day
light today, following a heavy
RAF attack last night on Ham
burg in the round -the-clock air
offensive.
A communique announcing the
operations against the Netherlands
port and Hamm, 14O miles to the
east, mentioned no losses.
Dispatches from the Allied base
from which the Rotterdam raid was
launched said that all those bomb
ers returned with but negligible
Evening star., 1943-03-04
PORTUGAL Feels Tremors

LONDON, March (P.-The
Vichy radio reported today that vio-
lent earth tremors of brief dura-
ton were felt throughout Portugal
yesterday.
Evening star., 1943-03-04

(See RAIDS, Page A-3D
Evening star., 1943-03-04

(See MANPOWER, Page A
Evening star., 1943-03-04

(See RED CROSS, Page A-4.)
Evening star., 1943-03-04

(Continued on Page A-2O Colun
Evening star., 1943-03-04

(See RUSSIA, Page A-20J
Evening star., 1943-03-04

(See AFRICA, Page A-4.D
Evening star., 1943-03-04

(See DRAFT, Page A-20D
Evening star., 1943-03-04
Guide for Readers

An Associated Press Newspaper
Evening star., 1943-03-04

Late news and sports are covered on
Pages Tx and 2-X of this edition Of
The Star, supplementing the news Of
the regular home delivered edition.