davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-11-12
Territorial Problems
From the Boston Herald.


What is to be done with the Japanese
inundated islands, the Marianas, the
Carolinas and the Marshalls? A plebi-
scite there is absurd They cannot be
returned to- Japan. Reasons of Ameri-
can security should dictate their adop-
ton by this country but how can we
supervene the Atlantic Charters explicit
pledge against "aggrandizement, terri
torial or other?" Is there to be some
sort of international control OF sucn ter
ritories, and if so, will Britain consent to
a similar disposition of some of her colo
NAL possessions? And If we consent to
waive territorial security claims, will
Russia agree to be aqually idealistic with
the Baltic states?
In other words, strict self -determina-
tion will have to be tempered with prac-
tical consideration of nationalistic sur
vival This means that some of the
starry y-eyed dreams of a world ruled by
pure justice will be shattered. Power
will still be dominant after the war; our
business must be to see that power is
used. first for peace and then, as far as
possible, for those ideals that seem to
mean the most happiness for the most
people. Since we shall have to share
that power with England, Russia and
China, at least, ours will not be the sole
judgment; we shall have to make COM
promises.
Evening star., 1943-11-12
Reciprocal Aspect
OF Lease-Lend Urged.

TO the Editorsof The Star:
The recent economy moves by Con-
gress appear so futile because they do
not strike at the heart of the matter,
namely, the Santa Claus complex of the
present administration
Why doesn't Congress set up a recip-
rocal lease-lend authority whose duty
1t would be to see that everything re-
quired by our overseas forces, which is
available in the countries that have re-
ceived lease-lend from us, is furnished
by reciprocal lease-lend from those
countries?
The nations receiving our lease-lend
materials are not bashful about letting
their needs be known. These nations
have commissions in this country whose
duty it is to get all the materials pos
sible from us under lease-lend. Why
don't we have corresponding commits
sions in other countries? Those now
handling our lease-lend operations ap-
parently would consider it beneath their
dignity to request any reciprocal lease
lend materials.
large proportion, if not the bulk,
OF the materials obtained by us from
abroad now are being purchased from
nations which have received lease
lend aid. This could be stopped by
passage Of law prohibiting any money
appropriated from being used for the
purchase of materials from countries
which have received more lease lend
Evening star., 1943-11-12
Suggests Recognition
For Essential Civilian Workers.

To the Editor Of The Star:
Looking at the men of today, we find
that many are in uniform signifying the
fact that they are doing their part In
defending the country.
But what about the men in civilian
clothes who are doing just as much as
the soldiers. sailors and marines? I am
speaking of the men who make guns,
ammunition. planes, ships and tanks.
What good would our armed forces be
without arms?
These civilians are the boys and men
we commonly hear referred to as ATS,
draft-dodgers and the like. It is ex-
: tremely unjust
Some of these most essential men
have left important jobs after years of
training, to go into the uniformed serv-
ices because they could not bear the
humiliation our so-called patriots have
bestowed upon them. We cannot afford
to let this situation continue. 1t is the
men at the front who will suffer. The
civilians are needed. They have been
trained at the expense of the Govern
ment. We could not obtain victory
without them
1t is my opinion that the solution to
this problem would be to issue each of
these men lapel pin to designate their
part in the war.
DOROTHY D. BARRY,
Evening star., 1943-11-12
The Moscow Conference

1t is as though a tree ,pe mourned
Burst into rare and radiant bloom
instead,
As though rift in clouds of dark
despair
Revealed summer land, diuinelv
fair
With happy children wreathing
daisies there.
1t is as though Ue trembled lest ue
must =
Be torn by sounds of discord and
distrust, s
But heard instead Uith glad, incred@
ulous ears
Great harmonies that shook thu,
hemispheres, ~
RekindHng hope, dispelHng cynic
fears.
Secure and strong, broad toundd-
tion lies,
Pledge OF united faith and sacrifice;
And, as its rising 1Dalls unfinished
stand,
Let no misguided nor despoiling
hand
Detace the House of Peace, so nobay
planned. sf
INEz BARCLAY KIRBY.
Evening star., 1943-11-12
peaks; others have great systems of

peaks; others nave great systems OF
bright rays radiating from them,
stretching for hundreds Of miles
across craters and mountains with
out any apparent deviation. Even
bigger than the largest craters are
the maria or seas Once it was
thought that these were bodies of
water, but the telescope reveals that
they are the smooth parts of the
moon, the parts which contain only
a few craters."
Scientists admittedly are at vari-
ance in their opinions concerning
the cause of these markings" Mr..
Foster writes: There are a number
OF facts which must be explained
satisfactorily, and of the theories
presented only two, the volcanic and
the meteoritic, seem to have ex-
planned these facts sufficiently well
to be seriously considered" Regard
ing the volcanic notion, lit is
especially difficult to explain why
volcanic craters should be so much
larger on the moon than on the
earth. On the other hand, a
crater of the diameter of the largest
Of those seen on the moon could be
caused by a meteor comparable in
size to a small asteroid. Although
the proportion of such large craters
is too great when the size of present.
day meteors is considered, it is quite
possible that there were many more
OF these large meteors when the
solar system was young"
If SO, some equally heavy missiles
from outer space must have hit the
earth as we'll as its satellite. It fol-
lows that our planet, were it in
Spected from the moon, might show
similar craters. Mr. Foster says:
THE crater is not produced by the
meteor gouging hole in the surface
of the moon; it is caused by the ex-
plosion resulting from the sudden
transformation of the energy of the
meteor into heat"
The view thus set forth may not
be the only solution of the problem.
Mr.. Foster closes his article with the
statement that: 1T seems probable
that the maria and craters Of the
moon have been produced by a
combination of both meteoritic and
volcanic action" Such persons as
incline to the former theory may
find support for their attitude mean
while in the photographs of bombed
German cities currently reproduced
in the American press.
Evening star., 1943-11-12
THIS AND THAT
By Charles E. Trnce,Dell.

ting some droppings from martin COL
ony in new house.
This observation Is probably hearsay
merely. The idea. of course, is that q
familiar smell would make the birds feel
at home. But there is some danger In
trying such a course, for the young
martins are very susceptible to lice, and
fresh clean house, properly ventilated,
is the best preventive of this pest. .
4
Lack of ventilation is one of the great
dangers to the young.
In such symmetrical houses there Is
some chance that there will be no ven
tilation. Too much heat and lack Of
air, and too many lice, sometimes cause
the young birds to push out the entrance
holes, wherefrom they fall to their
death, because the parent birds will not
feed them on the ground and have no
way of putting them back into the
boxes. The householder, finding baby
martin on the ground, finds it extremely
difficult, If not impossible, to put the
baby back into the house
Martin experts assure us that martin
colony house should be cleaned each
year before the birds arrive This, too,
is difficult and often dangerous task.
The best thing is to so erect the pole
and house that the entire affair can
be taken down. Some sort of concrete
arrangement is best, so that the pole
can be securely placed in it. With the
weight of the house, large one run
ming to 10 pounds or more, this becomes
a strenuous job, so it is no wonder that
many persons, desiring martins, never
theless content themselves with small
houses
Colony houses are best placed away
from trees. Since they will get very
hot during the day, white paint is best,
as this reflects the heat II some heat
resisting material or insulation can be
incorporated in the roof, the martins
will have the benefit of the latest find
ings of science.
Martins have lived long, however, and
know nothing about mankind's science.
In the old days the Indians used gourds
to attract them, and these are still used
in the Southern States. followed
gourds are hung from the spokes of a
wagon wheel mounted on a high pole.
This scheme offers fairly simple way
to begin attracting these birds.
The entire mounting should be
strongly made, because the affair is in
the open and unprotected from summer
thunderstorms.
Martins will repay any rural home
owner by eating mosquitoes and flies
whether he will be able to attract them
is the question. The English sparrows
took over their houses, and since this
species has begun to decline, the starting
has come to battle the martins.
Before trying to attract martins, one
should make careful inquiry in a
neighborhood and find out whether
other persons have been able to induce
them to nest.
Evening star., 1943-11-12
Letters to the Editor
Commends Clergy Who Signed Pledge
Against Persecution of Jewish People.

Commends Clergy Who Signed Pledge
Against Persecution Of Jewish People.
To the Editor Of The Star:
I pray your immediate publication Of
the following letter in reaction to the
epochal spiritual confession printed in
the Washington precs November 8.
The New Testament breaches (and
correctly so) that we must put off the
old man and his deeds and put on the
new man" Certainly, insofar as chris
tianity is concerned the statement of
1851 Protestant clergymen headed
Smash Anti-Semitism" marks squar-
ing Of practice with profession.
AS the Bible says, "a thousand years
are as but watch in the night" in
terms of eternity, infinity and of Al
mighty God-but Heaven surely must
rejoice that the still small voice" of
conscience again turns the face of Gods
messengers of peace" to Him.
All hail land emulate) the courage
and valor of these fortnight men of
the cloth-who admit the sin of false
witness" and now pledge their efforts
toward removal of the stigma upon
themselves and their followers and the
perpetual crucifxion of the Jew through
the lie Christ killer"
With this cancer" cut out of text
books and teachings of the Christian
church, the end of this long and terrible
watch Of the night" will allow all men
to build their house upon the rock:
Thou shalt love God and love thy
neighbors as thyself."
JOSEPH D. KAUFMAN.
Evening star., 1943-11-12
THIRTEENTH STREET.

Dear Sir:
"A tolerably faithful reader of your
column for several years, cannot recall
anything you may have written on the
subject of purple martins.
Planning to move to the country In
the near future and looking forward
with pleasure to the establishment Of a
sort of 'barn-door canteen for the birds,
I shall appreciate your advice on the
desirability OF providing for, and trying
to attract, colony Of martins.
Would they be desirable neighbors?
Too noisy? What do you think?
"A bird watcher for many years,
find your column very interesting and
instructive.
Sincerely yours, s. M. p"
~ X
Martins are desirable birds, but some
what dirty, as all species are in flocks
This, however, is not much agar q
very fine bird, and our correspondent
will find 1t very much worthwhile to try
to lure them
This is best done by erecting colony
house on q pole at least 20 feet high.
The pole and house should be put up
at least so feet from any human
residence.
These are the specifications. but they
are no guarantee that the martins will
come.
1t is common observance that martins
are "choosey."
That is, they will fly to perfectly
built colony building, put up on pole
from Is to 20 feet high, not close to
buildings, and spend a day in inspec-
tion-only to fly away to another site.
This is disconcerting, but there is
nothing to be done about it.
The erection of properly built mar
tin colony house is not easy.
The affair is weighty and the weight
comes at precisely the wrong end.
The individual cells are inches in di-
ameter. Practically every one who con-
templates such creation has in mind
fancy place, with roof and little
porches.
This Is the best construction, for mar
tins are sociable birds, and like to sit on
their verandas after the days work is
done.
To facilitate this, the porches should
run around the entire house, and each
bank of cells should have its porch.
These porches act as roofs to the cell
openings below.
Such entrance holes are 2h inches
in diameter, and are placed much lower
than most birdhouse entrances.
The openings should be not more than
inch from the floor. This is because
these curious birds love to sit in the en-
trance and look out.
Martins can be induced to come, ac-
cording to some commentators, by put
Evening star., 1943-11-12
Vatican ImperiIed

News of the bombing of the
Vatican by the crew of an unidenti-
fed plane last week has been re-
ceived with regret. An official
statement issued at American mill
tary headquarters in Algiers spe-
cifically denied that definite in
structions' to spare the residence of
Pope Plus had been violated. 1t is
possible that the Germans arranged
the incident for it's potential mis-
chiefmaking effect among the peo-
pies of Allied countries. The mystery
remains unsolved.
But there can be little question
that the Vatican is in serious danger.
1t is part of Nazi policy to wreck the
cities abandoned under enemy pres
sure. Kiev and Naples are but two
examples of systematic destruction
for which Hitler incontrovertibly is
responsible. He is altogether capable
OF devastating the religious center
of the Catholic world
That would mean the loss of build
ings precious to the generality of
mankind. Only small part of the
immense pile is occupied by the Holy
Father and the papal court. Most
of the Vatican consists of religious
Sanctuaries, libraries, museums and
art galleries. The Basilica of Saint
Peter, "the most majestic cathedral
of Christendom," covers more than
one hundred and sixty thousand
square feet. North of the principal
entrance stands the palace proper.
In it's present form it was begun by
Nicholas v in 1850. Sixtus w added
the chapel which bears his name in
1473. Other builders were Innocent
VIII and Alexander vi. BY direction
of Julius II, the architect Bramante
laid out the great court of the Belve-
dere. Further embellishments were
sponsored by Leo x, Paul III, Plus ",
Gregory XIII and all more recent
Popes.
Evening star., 1943-11-12
Agrees With Mr.. Churchill
About Election Dangers,
To the Editor Of The Star:

To the Editor OF The Star:
I have been listening to Prime Min
lister Winston Churchills speech. He
Is right that election campaigning in
this country will put severe strain on
good relations between war allies be-
cause of malicious or indiscreet opinions
that publicly will be expressed What
blessing for all would be a simple
statement from the White House that
If next years election should be can
celed a national election would take
place II months following an armistice
and that the President would not be q
candidate ut that time.
MRS. e. q. SMITH.
Evening star., 1943-11-12
Cruters of the Moon

j. Foster Foster, astronomer at the
Steward Observatory of the Uni
versity of Arizona, contributes to
Sky and Telescope magazine for No
vember discussion of lunar crater
theories which should be of interest
to lay readers as we'll as to profess
sional sky-watchers everywhere.
THE rough and pitted character"
OF the surface of the moon, Mr..
Foster begins, "has long been a
matter of common knowledge" Over
thirty thousand crater-like depres-
sions" are disclosed In photographs
made at Mount Wilson. Some of
the craters have central mountain
Evening star., 1943-11-12

materials from us than they have, fur
nished. Another law which should be
passed is one prohibiting the purchase
OF materials outside the United States
which are destined for lease-lend. In
addition, I believe that lease lend ma
terials should be strictly limited to
combataht countries.
In the past the administration has
used these materials as means of
influencing several nations to break re-
lations with the Axis or to be good
little nations" Such use was never in
tended by Congress After all, our
credit and natural resources are not
inexhaustible and are rapidly being de-
pleted. OBSERVER.
Evening star., 1943-11-12
Cooling Period"
Wins Support.

To the Editor Of The Star:
1t is to be hoped that political hos
tility may cease long enough to consider
Herbert Hoover's advocacy Of a cooling
period following the end of actual
fighting among nations.
Only those with whom an understand
ing Of the psychology of peoples has
operated to wean them from a more
primitive assertion of their personal
opinions understand the divergent and
even hostile political views among the
more highly advanced European peoples.
CHARLES M. THOMAS.
Evening star., 1943-11-12
Doctor Shortage
From the Newton Kansan

FTUm the NtWtOn kanSan.
Fifty thousand of the Nations 173, 900
regular practicing doctors are with the
armed forces. There is no two ways
about 1.-THE people must learn to pro-
tect their own health, observe all known
rules of diet and sanitation, obey quar-
antine laws, and save the doctor power
for those who must have medical help.
Evening star., 1943-11-12

Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address OF
the 1Driter, although the use of
a pseudonyn for publication is
permissible. The Star reserues
the right to edit all letters vith
a UieW to condensation.
Evening star., 1943-11-12
Urges More Fresh Air
On Streetcars,
DOROTHY D. BARRY,

To the Editor of The Star:
In the interest of public health and
for the purpose of preventing epidemics
this winter. wish you would inaugu-
rate a campaign to have streetcars ven-
tilated The odor on a crowded bus or
streetcar is so bad on day when win
dows cannot be opened that it is sicken-
Ing. L. I. HORNE.
Evening star., 1943-11-12

Remember those days when, just
after, hanging out his shingle,
doctor had to wait for months for
enough patients to pay his office
rent?
Evening star., 1943-11-12

If you tend to get impatient over
the, progress of the war now and
then and here and there, just go
into reverse and think back to the
situation of about two years ago.
Evening star., 1943-11-12

The path itself may be long, difficult,
and not without pitfalls. Yet it is
something to have demonstrable
clues to the solution of the supreme
problem of our time. g
Evening star., 1943-11-12

@. Does an aviator find it warmer in
the air in summer than in winter?-
c. j. S.
A. He would find it warmer in summer
up to height of about 10000 feet.
Above that point he would notice little
difference in temperature.
Evening star., 1943-11-12

Q. Do migrating birds always fly due
south?-E L. H.
A. Birds do not fly directly south but
use certain f1yways or paths which, once
chosen, they follow year after year.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-02-06
Alpha Five Upsets Brewster To Score First Victory
Battle Grows Hot In Fraternity
League AS First Half Ners End

The heat is getting hotter as the
Fraternity league nears the end OF
The first round. The scrappy Kappa
team went down to defeat again,
losing to the up and coming threat
10 the league standing, the Beefers.
The score was tied up several
times during the game. Led by
Frank Lett, Cooper and Solomon.
Ike Beefers were kept in the lead.
Moore, the tall Beefers center,
nclped greatly in getting control
of the ball off OF both back hands
The Kappa team played their usual
scrappy game. but were unable to
overcome the four point lead that
The Beefers piled up near the end
u the game.
The second game between the
Nacirems and Alpha turned out 10
be a heated game with. the Ma.
cirema team winning by split sec.
ond advantage. The Alpha team
started out lukewarm and got hot
ter as the game continued Tom
Brscoe was high point man OF this
game. scoring II points,
The crowd was IN an uproar dur
ing both games because OF the
closeness OF the games. The i'm
,portant game next week will be
between the Beeters and the
Omegas II the Beefers can knock
of Omega there Will be a three,
way tie for first place honors in
the first round
The first game next week al 7:3O
pm will BRING together two arch
enemies, Kappa and Alpha
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-02-06
BY FRANK FORBES

PHILADELPHIA, Ps.-The Ne
gro National league. in its annual
winter meeting here Saturday. Jan
%. at Quaker City Elks lodge
definitely decided to operate lntac;
This season. and made plans 10 co.
operate with the Office OF Defense
Transportation and other wartime
agencies in every possible way
Thomas T Wilson and his entire
caolnet was reelected for another
term. The Office are Wilson. pres.
dent: Edward Bolden, vice prcsi-
dent; Cumberland Poscy, secretary
and Abraham Manley, treasurer.
In cooperation with the ODT and
It's desire 10 cut down travel mile
age, the league voted TO hold spring
training activities al home or as
near home as possible. The loop
season Will open around the mid
die OF May. with a schedule meet
ing set for late March or early
April in Washington
Player shortage caused by tic
draft and the fact that many play
ers are now employed in war pro.
ducton industries was one OF the
chief topics OF discussion IN the
Saturday afternoon session. All
clubs agreed that they would make
every effort 70 obtain the strongest
possible club. even II II is neceS.
ssry TO hire some players on
weekend basis
Mrs Eta Manley OF the Newark
Eag giles was appointed director and
organizer OF the leagues war re.
lief activities. with the understand
ing that each member club viii CO.
operate in giving al least one war
benefit game and ctat the league
would sponsor JOINT relief benefit
probably an all.star contest.
Attending the meeting were
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-02-06
Jones
Windy
ByLawRENGE LAMAR

LOS ANGELES-Jack Chase. de-
Tending his state middleweight box.
ln2 title for the first time since
winning it from Eddie Booker a
month ago, scored an impressive
FIVE round TKO over tough and
willing Jackie Byrd OF Arkansas
The fight was halted in minutes
and IS seconds OF the fifth frame
While Byrd was still on the deck.
Byrd proved himself to be no
SLOUGH al this game OF biff and
BAN. During the early stages Of
the match he was in there giving
and taking punch for punch with the
state champion. But it was just
hat much difference between the
two men. Chase had Byrd down
once in the fourth stanza. In
the fifth round Byrd hit the deck
four more times. Referee Reggie
Gilmore halted the fight.
Watson Jones, the boy with the
heavy guns. unloosed them on Acey
Hainsworth with such telling force
that that elongated light heavy
wei 2ht was blasted out on TKO
in two heats. Jones weighed 1863.
MS opponent. 1914.
Other bouts and the results were
Alonzo Williams. l53 Gecisoned
Bernie Cardenas, 1855 in four rounds
Curley Martin. 1921 won over
Rudy Campo. $50 in Feur.. Bob Cas-
tro. 1874. beat BOBBY Punches in
three.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-02-06
IT LOOKS LIKE
RAY ROBINSON

Although Ray Sugar Robinson
will be outweighed by Jake La
Motta when the two square of in
Olympia Friday night, the majority
OF the fans are predicting another
victory for the Harlemite Robin
son defeated LaMotta in 10 heats
in New York little over three
months ago
This prediction OF victory for
Robinson by the fans is predicated
on Rooinsons boxing ability and
hitting power In the first bout with
LsMotts RAY kept beyond the range
Of j ke's mauling fists, and, al the
same time stabbing him with sharp
LET'S He hopes 10 duplicate the
feat Friday nigh
LaMotia is tough customer 10
face in the ring He keeps on his
opponent. and in his last fohtbat-
Ties he has used his weight sdvan-
ta2e 10 punch his way TO victory
over Jimmy Edgar Sgt Jack viii
son and Charley Hayes.
Although | don't believe Robin.
son will win by knockout, do
believe he will win the decision.
His boxing skill should enable him
10 come home with the bacon.