davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The midland journal., 1943-02-26
SOUTH AMERICA AIDS THE
WAR PROGRAM

Offhand, just how nShny persons
not directly connected with work in
volving information on such a mat
ter know what part, if any, South
America is playing in the war effort?
To begin with, the largest coun-
try there, both in area and popula-
ton, Brazil, is building destroyers,
and it's Navy for some months has
been conveying ships outside hemis-
pheric waters. Brazil is the worlds
only producer of high-grade quartz
crystal, which goes into radio equip
ment, gun-sights, range finders,
periscopes, airplane and submarine
detectors, and other precision de-
vices.
From Bolivia we get tin and
quinine. Peru also produces quinine,
copper and other ores. From Vene-
zeula we get large shipments of oil.
That country produces about 10 per
cent of the worlds oil supply, and,
for long time has been the main
source of oil for Britian's armies.
Wild rubber trees in Brazil and
adjacent countries are furnishing
what natural rubber is available to
us at this time. While Brazil has
by far the largest output, we are
pushing production in thirteen
Latin-American countries, six of
which are in South America-Brazil,
Colombia, Peru, Ecuador, Bolivia,
and Vopozuola
In addition, South America fur
nishes us with antimony, aluminium,
berylium, chrome, copper, industrial
diamonds, graphite, iodine, man
ganese, mercury, mica, plantinum,
nitrates, titanium, tungsten, vana-
dunn, zinc, virconium, manila hemp
tropical oils, mahogany for PIT boats,
balsa, hides, tanning materials,
Wool, coffee, flaxseed, and castor
beans.
But aside from the materials
which South America supplies, the
entire continent, except the Argen-
tine, has opposed the Axis propa-
ganda and taken sides with the
United Nations in this terrible war
The midland journal., 1943-02-26
WORLD OF CHEMISTRY LOOMS

The postwar world IN winch
America will carry leadership in in
dustry and commerce will depend
more on test tubes and research
than on geographical exploration,
says Morris Lawrence, director OF
chemical engineering of Information
al Correspondence Schools.
Mans worldwide needs for the
three essentials of food, clothing
and shelter will be furnished by
chemistry rather than by discovery
of new fuel sources, ores, or raw
materials. Chemists will explore i'll
the laboratory rather than in the
jungle to uncover new sources OF
power and new materials.
We can even now watch the be
ginning of this development. Mr.
Lawrence points to the fact that tht
war has already cut off our supplies
of natural silk and rubber and We
are already rushing to completion
the industrial plants that will create
our own supplies by methods the
chemists discovered.
More things will be nodded OF
plastics, more clothing will be WOW
en- from casein and cellulose fila
ments, more foods will be derived
from chemical changes. Finally
more power will be secured from
fuels we now burn wastefully, and
more human choice, and therefore
more chance for human error, will
be eliminated by electronics.
The need of the postwar period
as Mr.. Lawrence clearly shows
will be for men with technical train
ing--men capable of taking theiI
place in the ranks of these new
pioneers, men of science to blaze
trails for industry
The midland journal., 1943-02-26
TAXES DEDUCTABLE BY
AUTOISTS

When making out Federal income
tax returns, Maryland motorists may
deduct money paid out during 1912
as a result of the States gasoline
tax rate of four cents, Palmer r.
Nickerson, Counsel of the Automo-
bile Club of Maryland declared to-
day. Reporting on income tax deduc-
lions allowed motorists by reason of
ear operation, at the request of Mr..
L. E. Kolmer, General Manager of
the Automobile Club of Maryland,
he continued.
every penny paid to the State
in the form of registration, Federal
Use Tax, drivers license fee, titling
and personal property taxes on car
may be deducted by Maryland Mo-
torists. Also they may deduct
amounts paid out in state gasoline
taxes when travelling through most
Of the other states as the Bureau
full deductions for all but eight
states.
However, it is important to re-
member that amounts paid out in
Federal gasoline and other excise
taxes are strictly not deductiable.
Neither are fines for violations of
traffic laws, costs of new car, or
loss on trade-in.
"Other deductible items include
loss sustained from damage result
ing from accident, fire or theft when
not covered by insurance or other
wise compensated, and interest on
money borrowed for purchase of a
new car. Finance charges, as such,
are not deductible and whether a
portion of the charge can be deduct
ed as interest depends upon the ma
ture of thte contract.
when cars are used for bust
ness" continued Mr.. Nickerson,
"(If used partly for business, allow
able on rattle so used) the follow
ing items are deductible:
81. All expenses incident to main
tenance and depreciation: 2. depre-
citation; 8. Salary paid chauffer, cost
of uniform and equipment; 4. Ga
rage rent; 5. gasoline cost, includ-
ing State and Federal taxes; g. In
surance premium on policies pro-
tecting owners interest; Z. Oil; g..
Repairs; Parking expenses. tolls
(when necessary as part of bust
ness use of car and not compensated
for it); 10. Loss on sale Of car (not
in case of trtade-in) mot deductible
from State; IL. Damages paid for
injuries to a pedestrian where car
being used on business of owner at
time of accident
Expense of travel between home
and business is not deductible."
The midland journal., 1943-02-26
Childhood Feeding Influences Health

''Too little, too late" has special
application to the vitamin-mineral
needs of children. During the crit
ical first 10 or Is years, "too little"
retards normal development of the
physique, affects health in adult
years and length of life as we'll.
Adequate supplies of these essential
nutritive factors after the 18th year,
while necessary for health, may be
''too late" to make up for diet de-
ficiencies throughout the formative
years. Today many pediatricians
usually prescribe vitamins and min
erals in concentrated form to safe
guard youngsters from what one
authority refers to as the disastrous
results" of vitamin deficiency during
childhood.
The midland journal., 1943-02-26
RATIoNING LIQUOR?

"The selling of liquor is simply a
privilege which the people can take
away whenever they desire. We are
rationing sugar, gasoline, and coffee,
and there is no reason why we can't
ration liquor"
This statement is not that of a
prohibitionist, or W.C.T.U. official,
but of a member of the California
State Board of Equalization which
supervises the liquor trade. In that
State many communities, including
San Francisco and San Diego, have
adopted a curfew for liquor sellers.
closing bottle stores at 8 p. M, and
bars at midnight.
John Barleycorn never can be
trusted to regulate himself. He con-
stitutes one of the major problems
of State, county, and city govern
ment. Fundamentally, liquor is ar
evil and is so recognized by all gov
ernment. It is tolerated, or licensed,
and put under severe regulations
because of its innate harmful
character.
Ratoining liquor is not novel
idea. Many. States limit the amount
of liquor which may be bought in
dispensaries. Ontario first and now
the whole Dominion have severely
curbed sales. Idaho and Utah Off
cially rationed all spirits liquors.
but this is difficult of enforcement
unless the total amount an estab-
lishment may sell is limited. Limit
ing the hours liquor stores may re-
main open in one effective way of
the evil.
The midland journal., 1943-02-26
NEW TOMATO COMES FROM
PENN STATE TEST PLOTS

A new tomato with extra early
ripening and the advantage of small
space requirements has been devel-
oped by DR.. c. E. Myers of the Penn
sylvania State College agricultural
experiment station. 1t is called
Pennheart and seed is being distri-
buted by seed houses this season.
This new variety has produced
larger yields of marketable fruit
during recent years than any of the
standard early varieties with which
it has been compared. The plants
are of determinate type, the branch
es ending in fruit clusters instead
of continuing growth until freezing.
The midland journal., 1943-02-26
How About Initiation?

Maybe the nation isn't suffering
from imitation, but prices are infiat-
ed in Washington, and every poll
tician faces the proof at lunch coun-
ters, restaurants, hotels, stores and
shops. All the administrators, stab
ilizers and devisors are shifting
things around, looking hopelessly
for balances. Stabilizer James f.
Byrnes is described as ''the man who
is trying to hold back the tidal wave
of imitation.
The midland journal., 1943-02-26

This characteristic allows them to
be planted on fertile soils with clos
er spacing than usual, and the addi-
tional plants tend to increase acre
yields.
Pennheart has been tested in II
states and three foreign countries.
and most reports have been favor
able. Sun, Quarryville, Pa.
The midland journal., 1943-02-26

After soaring thousands of work
men with that work or fight order,
the War Manpower Commission now
advises them to keep their shirts on.
So the income tax man can get it,
eh3
The midland journal., 1943-02-26

Yet millions would have quit
scratching for living in prosper
Gus 1928 if the government had Of
fered them easy Jobs and sure in
come.
The midland journal., 1943-02-26

This ration allowance of three
pairs year will rest rather hard
on the boys who get together one
evening a week and look longingly
for, three Of kind.
The midland journal., 1943-02-26
INCREASE PAY FOR TEACHERS

Maryland's teachers have won at
least a temporary victory in their
Fight for a $20-a-month-war-time
pay bonus-the one hitch being that
the State administration wants to
make the counties and Baltimore
city bear one third Of the cost.
The midland journal., 1943-02-26
he WOmen's Auxiliary Volunteer

Cost Of a WAVE uniform, exclu-
sive of accessories, is approximate
ly $137.35. This includes suit, skirt,
hat, overcoat, raincoat and service
bag. Your purchase of War Bonds
helps pay for the uniforms for these
patriotic women. Buy War Bonds
every payday with at least ten per-
cent of your income.
U. S. Treasury Department
The midland journal., 1943-02-26

December Z, 1941, level is urged
as basis for salary limit. That
would be a good way to remember
Pearl Harbor.
The midland journal., 1943-02-26

Hoover says million more farm
workers are needed. Still that chick
en-in-every-pot ideal,
The midland journal., 1943-02-26

A woman is Q person who pre-
pares for party by flying around to
.,,maks herself too tired tovenjoy it..
The midland journal., 1943-02-26

On shoe rationing we ain't seen
nothing. Wait until you can buy
only one shoe at a time.
The midland journal., 1943-02-26

Hitler may not be dead, but it's
pretty sure be isn't being bounded
BY life insnrspes agents.
The midland journal., 1943-02-26

The Maryland Traffic Safety
Commissions Slogan for the
week is:
Safety Is A Trademark For
Victory" Drive Under S5
Evening star., 1943-08-24

rubber program expansion. WIPE
announced a few days ago approval
OF several projects for the fabrica-
ton Of rayon cord. Increased facil-
tiles are to be provided at q number
of places throughout the country
including jackson. Mich: Colum-
bus. Ga: Cleveland, Ohio, and De-
catur. Ala.
Part Of Overall Program.
The proposed expansion plan !.
part OF an overall synthetic rubber
program that has been outlined by
Mr.. Jefiers. With prompt approval
OF the projects. construction can be
begun Immediately and the facilities
are expected to be ready in time ia
keep pace with the constantly In
creasing production Of raw synthetic
rubber.
The expansion program will be
translated into terms OF additional
tires not only for the Army, but for
civilian drivers. sometime in 1874, II
was calculated.
In his last report. Mr.. JefYers de-
clared most recent tests Of synthetic
rubber products indicated they were
as good. or better, than the products
manufactured from natural rubber
before the source Of supply was cut
OF. A small percentage Of crude
rubber Is still required In the manu-
facture of synthetic tires, and this
supply Is now imported from South
America.
Evening star., 1943-08-24
|Iri-partite Committee
SET Up 10 Supervise
Pulp and Paper Plants
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
Establishment of a Joint United
States Canada United Kingdom
committee to report on "the require
ments and supplies, uses, produc-
ton and distribution" of the pulp
and paper industries in the three
countries. was announced yesterday
by Donald M. Nelson, chairman of
the War Production Board.
The committee is jointly spon-
sored by the Combined Production
and Resources Board and the Com
bined Raw Materials Board.
Charles e. Adams. chairman of the
board of directors of the Air Reduc-
tion Co. and associated with a num-
ber of other corporations was named
chairman of the joint committee.
Canada is represented by Morris
w. Wilson, president of the Royal
Bank OF Canada and director of a
number Of Canadian compa anies. Sir
Give Baillieu, British member of the
Combined Raw Materials Board, will
represent the United Kingdom.
Mr.. Adams came to Washington
in 1910 as deputy to E. r. Stettinius
lease-lend administrator, and later
became Defense Commissioner for
Raw Material Subsequently he be-
came director of the iron and steel
branch Of the Of11ce of Production
Management which became WPB.
Evening star., 1943-08-24
Two Fort Custer Deserters
Get 50-Year Sentences
BY the Associated Press.


FORT CUSTER, Mich, Aug. IA
Two privates who overpowered their
guards to escape from the post re-
Mobilization center here July 70 have
been sentenced to so years confine-
ment at hard labor by an Army
court-mart.al, it was announced to-
day.
The men. George Gasser, 10. and
John Wetzel, as. both of Chicago,
were recaptured within "a hours
after their escape.
Col. Ralph Wiltamuth command
ing oficer of the fort, said, In an
nouncing the 50-year sentences, that
he had recommended a material
reduction in the belief that they are
excessive.
The sentences are subject to re-
view and approval by the command
ing general of the 9Th Service Com
mand in Chicago before the order is
executed.
Both Gasser and Wetzel had been
confined at the rehabilitation center
as 'habitual deserters."
Evening star., 1943-08-24
NLRB Rebukes UNIV
For Strike Threat in
AI|is-ChaImers Plant
BY the Associated Press

BY me Associated Press.
CHICAGO, Aug 24-The Ma
tional Labor Relations Board. re-
fusing to reconsider its denial of a
collective bargaining election. de-
clared yesterday ''an agency of the
Government should not allow itself
to be influenced by any pres
sure brought to bear on it through
strikes or threats of strikes"
The board declared this state
ment. issued in the case of District
SO, United Mine Workers of Amer
lea. at the Springfield 1ll.) plant of
Allis- Chalmers Manufacturing Co.
was the first enunciation of NLRB
policy involving strike votes under
the recently enacted Antistrike Act.
District so had asked for recon-
sideration of an earlier decision in
which the NLRB refused to order
a collective bargaining election at
the plant. The board ruled that
suoh An election was forbidden by
existing contractual relations be-
tween the company and the United
Farm Equipment and Metal Work
ers of America.
Strike Vote Taken.
The plant was the scene of the
first secret strike ballot under the
Antistrike Act on August 4. In the
voting, zoos employees balloted
yes" and 836 mo" on the question:
DO you wish to permit an inter-
ruption of war production in war
time as a result of this dispute?"
After the voting, District so asked
for reconsideration of the earlier
NLRB ruling denying the collective
bargaining election on the ground
that the strike ballot established
the majority status of District so.
The union argued that the strike
ballot result made 1t obligatory
upon the board to reverse its pre-
vious decision, the NLRB related.
In Springfield. Hugh White,
regional director of District SO, said
the plant would be closed by strike
before the week ends" as a result
of the boards decision. I'VE cannot
bring this impasse to a showdown
any other way" he added
Employees Meet Tomorrow.
Mr.. White said the plant employees
would meet tomorrow to consider
what action to take.
The implications of District SOS
position" the NLRB said, are of
utmost importance and extend be-
yond the confines of this case. If
upheld it would mean that the
boards exercise of the discretion
conferred upon it by Congress
through the National Labor Rela-
tions Act would not longer be
controlled by the guiding principles
Of the act. but would be made de-
pendent upon the outcome of strike
ballots conducted under the provi-
sions of the Antistrike Act.
TT would seem obvious that the
National Labor Relations Board, as
an agency of the Federal Govern
ment, should not allow itself to be
influenced in the conduct of its pro-
ceedings by any pressure brought TO
bear on it by strikes or threats of
strikes"
Evening star., 1943-08-24
BoeomoIov Moy Be Sent
To AIqiers by Russiu
By the Associated Press

By the Associated Press.
LONDON, Aug. 24.--Alexander E.
Bogomolov, Soviet Ambassador to
Allied governments-in-exi Is ex-
pected to leave here soon for Al
giers as the Russian representative
to the French Committee of National
Liberation.
He is logical choice for the post
In view Of the contacts he made
with French leaders before their
headquarters were shifted to Africa
In the event he is transferred Rus
STA is expected to send a new dip
lomatic representative to the Allied
governments in London.
Evening star., 1943-08-24
500 Papers Join Drive
To Avert Pulp SHORTAGE

NEW YORK. Aug. "A lP).-Walter
M. Dear. chairman of the Newsps-
per Pulpwood Committee, said YES
terday 55l weekly and daily news
papers have agreed to participate
in the drive to avert threatened
shortage of $500, 900 cords of pulp
wood
He said the campaign had pro-
duced good results in its first two
and one-half weeks of operation.
but added that pulp and paper mills
had informed him that it was too
early to determine if the drive would
circumvent the possible shortage.
Mr.. Dear said newspapers, pulp
wood consuming industries and Gov
ernors OF ~ participating States had
given their unqualified support.
Evening star., 1943-08-24
Inquiry on Newspr;nt
Moves to West Coast

OTTAWA, Aug. "a (P.-Recogni-
tion OF the essentially of newspapers
through further efforts to increase
the paper output by encouraging
farmer cutting Of pulpwood and
the use of war prisoners in forests
appear likely aftermaths of a con-
gressional committee discussion of
newsprint problems with Canadian
ofncials.
Members of the Boren Newsprint
Investigating Committee were en-
route today to the West Coast after
a week-long tour OF paper areas
and an informal conference here at
which further steps to reduce the
manpower worries of the newsprint
industry were forecast.
Chairman Boren said that aside
from practical steps talked over. the
meeting was helpful in bringing
more forcibly to the attention of
Canadians the value of the press
to the war effort"
Evening star., 1943-08-24
Gen. 0rviI A. Anderson
Awarded DSM by Army

b. the Associated Press
Brig. Gen. Orvil A. Anderson, San
Diego, Calf. has received the Dis
tinguished Service Medal for his
service as member of the Army
Air Forces staff during the last two
years
Announcing the award yesterday.
the War Department said Gen. An
derson Is now on an undisclosed as
signment. He won the Distin-
glished Flying Cross for his part in
the National Geographic Army Air
Corps stratosphere balloon flight
July 2S, 1884, and in November of
the next year won the DFC oak leaf
cluster for his services in another
stratosphere balloon flight in which
an altitude of 1895 feet was
reached.
Evening star., 1943-08-24

Feed your dog STURDY DOG
FoOp---it contoins necessary
Wtomins to promote growth,
heolth. strong bones and
sleek eoets. See Atherfons
for preparations to help
keep your best pol" IN good
health snd free Of fteos and
other pests.
Evening star., 1943-08-24
Curtin Will Not Disturb
Advisory War Council
BY the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
MELBOURNE. Australia, Aug. "a.
Prime Minister John Curtis,
whose Labor government gained
considerable strength in Satur-
days election. said last night he
would expect the opposition to nom-
mate their members of the Aus
tralian Advisory War Council and
that the councils present compo-
sition would not be disturbed.
This council makes war decisions
and submits them to the cabinet for
approval. 1t Is a key part Of the
Labor governments war conduct
program.
Evening star., 1943-08-24
IS Million Program
On Synthetic Rubber
Offered by LETTERS
By NORMAN KAHL.

A SOS. .000, 900 program to ex-
pand facilities for the manufac-
ture Of synthetic rubber has been
submitted, in tentative form, by
Rubber Director William M. JEFF
fers to War Production Board
Chairman Donald M. Nelson, it
was learned today.
Approval of the program in its
final form has been promised with
IN two days after its submission by
Mr.. Jeffers, probably before the end
OF this week. The tentative pro-
gram was sent to Mr.. Nelson, 1t was
understood, to expedite the study of
details before WPB approval OF ma
terial priorities. 1t was expected
that the final proposal would show
few changes from the program now
in Mr.. Nelson's hands.
Wherever possible the program
proposes expansion of existing IA
cilitieS. In some instances, however
new plants will be erected. Guild
ing factor in the location of the
factories will be the available local
manpower supply.
Rayon Cord to Be Used.
The new facilities are to be used
for fabricating rayon cord into syn
thetic tires. War agency officials
contend that high tension rayon i.
more heat resistant than cotton
formerly used in fabricating the
cord for the tires.
As corollary to the synthetic
Evening star., 1943-08-24
Maryland U. Truinees
Join Campus Activities
By the Associated Pres,

By the Associated Press.
Men in the Army specialized
training program at the University
OF Maryland have become a definite
part of the institution.
In the third blood donor cam
paign on the campus this year the
trainees contributed l60 pints of
the 264 collected at the school.
And they have taken over a page
of the Diamondback, the student
newspaper, for their own. The page
is The Gig Sheet" written and
edited by members of the ASTP
The first edition contained edito-
rials, feature stories, sports articles,
general news and a gossip column.
Evening star., 1943-08-24
Fall Victim. 4. in HospitnI

John Wilbur, 4, OF 53O3 Dorsett
place NV. was in fair" condition
today at Children's Hospital after
falling Is feet out of bathroom
window Of his home yesterday. He
was first taken to Emergency Hos
pital, where he was treated for cuts
Evening star., 1943-11-10

ADJUSTMENT CLERK, experienced in DR., :,
ofnce, a35 Lamont st. NV; RA. 5000.
perienced; steady position, good salary
Apply a p. persSnnel sn66 Office 735 Lamont st
COMPToMETER OPERATOR, one who can
deserve advancement to junior auditor
within short period, The work is quite
| different and more pleasant. than usual
Essential to war effort and with an ex-
ce)lent future. Give age, experience anc
health condition in your reply Salary in
crease in six months If ability is shown.
DRAFTsMAN. iunlor, map, good lettereT
Write fully experience. draft status, sal,
sry expected. Submit snapshot. samples
of lettering, not returnable. Box 26-D.
DRUG CLERK. good salary and hours
opportunity for advancement. McReyn-
olds Pharmacy. sth and G SITS. NV.
LINOTYPE OPERATOR. extra, to set mostly
ing day; ad;, setting ability desirable. Plant
located in Silver Spring, Nd. easily reached
by Georgia ave streetcar, 10th st. bus or
B. & o. R. R Phone SH. 2320.
MAN AND WIFE. white. to take over house
KEEPING and manaaement Of group OF
and salary. Give ages, exper. and phone
number, Box Bod, Star.
MAN AND WIFE. colored. no. children
on farm nearby Md. for general farming
| sober, reliable. couple. Furn. house with
| electricity and running water $95 mo.
| Call at 1921 1th st. NV.
| OFFICE CLERK, capable Of handling laun-
dry and dry cleaning ofhce. Apply Per
sonnel ONCE. ia lamont st. NV. RA