davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-05-26
Educational Agency
To Fight Axis Poison
Proposed by NEA
PoIiey-Formins Group
Would Study Textbooks
In Peace Structure
By the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
The Educational Policies Commits
sion has proposed creation of a
United Nations educational agency
to develop antidotes for "the poison"
Nazis and Fascists have poured in
to the intellectual and spiritual
life' of enemy and enemy occupied
countries.
The commission is the policy
forming group of the National Ed
ucation Association and the Ameri-
can Association of School Adminis-
tration.
1t also proposed establishment of
a postwar agency charged with the
duty, among other things, of study
ing textbooks, syllabuses, the teach
ing materials used or proposed for
use in any and all countries in order
to determine whether their effect
would be aggressive, militaristic or
otherwise dangerous to the peace
Would Study Programs.
The postwar office, the commits
sion explained in statement, would
be established as an integral part
of whatever international political
structure is created after the war"
The wartime council, it said
would not only study the educa-
tional programs Of enemy and
enemy occupied countries to find
ways of "offsetting the poison" but
would also consider the extent to
which educational institutions OF the
ravaged countries should be re-es-
tablished and the extent to which
entirely new types of educational
services are desirable in those coun-
tries"
Generally, the commission said. it
would be left to each nation whether
it would accept recommendations
made about its teaching materials
But the commission announcement
added:
Preserves Autonomy.
However. in event that members
OF the international ONCE should
conclude that instruction dangerous
to the peace Of Lhhc world is occur
ring, 1t might file a notice to that
effect with the government of the
country concerned and, If no ad-
lustments are made in a reasonable
period OF time, a full report on the
matter might be submitted . to
whatever overall agency may be es-
tablished to deal with internatio
affairs in general
The commission insisted that its
proposals do not impair the COM
plete educational autonomy of any
nation and that the existence OF
an international agency will not
destroy the freedom of state and
national school systems to seek new
and better methods of organization
and procedure.
Evening star., 1943-05-26
D. {. and Maryland
AH Unit Adopts
Negro Representation
Resolution Is Passed
Despite UnfovorobIe
Committee Report
By the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
CUMBERLAND, Md. Nav 2e,-
The 38th annual convention of the
Maryland-District of Columbia
Federation of Labor overrode today
an unfavorable committee report
and adopted a resolution providing
for Negro representation on the
Federation's Executive Board.
The favorable vote came after two
hours of heated debate which fol-
lowed the non concurrence report Of
the conventions Resolutions Com
mittee.
The resolution. introduced bv
group Of Washington delegates rep
resenting various labor union locals.
said:
Whereas the Maryland and Dis
trict of Columbia Federation Of
Labor is governed by democratic
principles and whereas in the fed
Grafton the Negroes constitute more
than one-fourth of the membership,
and whereas the elective officers con-
stitute the Executive Board and
there are no Negroes on this board:
Therefore, be 1T resolved that the
constitution be amended to the ef-
feet that there be seven vice presi-
dents and that the seventh vice
president shall be Negro
Sponsors Were From D. E.
Frank Williams. Ernest Brown,
Samuel Keith, Robert L. Wearing.
| William Brown and H Blackwell Of
Washington were the sponsors.
Several Of the resolutions were
reported to be controversial. but
no hint Of their content was given.
All present officers, including
Robert j, Buxbeum of Baltimore.
State president. were reelected
without opposition for another term.
Evan Clague, director Of the So
clal Security Boards Bureau OF
Employment Security, told the con.
Ventlon late yesterday that one of
the best guarantees for retention of
democracy after the war was an
expanded social security program.
Other officers besides Mr., Bux-
baum renominated for election today
were:
Frank j Coleman, WASHINGTON,
secretary; Robert C. Lester, Wash
lngton, treasurer, Vincent McHenrv.
washington organizer; vice presi-
dents, John Locher and Charles 3.
McClusky, Washington; Carl G..
Schultz and Kingston Howard. Bal
tlmore, Paul E. England. Cumber-
land, and E. w. Butler. Hagerstown.
Other Officers Reelected.
Other Developments Yesterday
! baum reelected today were.
A resolution which would have
placed the convention in favor of
fourth term for President Roose-
welt was shunted to the executive
board. delegates declining to pass it.
A resolution urging labor repre-
sentation on war policy boards de.
clared that labor kept its pledge of
no strikes for the duration. and said
the pledge had been violated only
by that Infamous misleader of the
mine workers. UNIV President
John L. Lewis has applied for re-
admlttance into the national AFI,.
A resolution declaring that dis
crlmlnatlon. segregation and Jim
Grow are on the increase in every
phase Of American life. including
the Government was sent back to
| the Resolutions Committee.
The convention approved an anti
| poll tax resolution.
Evening star., 1943-05-26

conference today will make an effort
to coordinate the work of getting
seed, labor and machinery.
A certain proportion of food sup
plies have been destroyed. he said
but it is so early that much of the
damage can be repaired by replant-
ing. Some farm equipment has been
lost, he added, but preparations are
under way to salvage as much as
possible.
He said, too, that he had been
advised by Donald M. Nelson. War
Production Board chairman, that
the board had allotted steel to make
an additional 1880 harvesting ma =
chimes which it was believed could
be delivered in time for this year S
harvest.
In the next week, he added, a new
order from the Food Administration
will allow manufacturers of farm
machinery to turn out for 1914 use
the equivalent OF 80 per cent of
their 1943 production. This under
taking. the President said. will have
an AA2 rating.
Evening star., 1943-05-26
Senate Farm Group
Favors 0utIawinq
Food Subsidies
OPA RoIlbock Of Prices
Is Seen Threatened BY
Senators Stund

Senator Bushfield, Republican. of
South Dakota said today after a
closed session of a Senate Agricul-
ture subcommittee that its members
are solidly in favor of outlawing
food price subsidies such as are
planned by price-control officials.
II their view prevails, committee
members said. the effect would be
virtually to nuilify operation of an
OPA order which would subsidize
professors in compensation for a 10
per cent rollback In retail prices of
butter, meat and coffee beginning
June l.
The subcommittee. seeking to per-
celve effects of the lower price di-
rective, earlier heard Ernest C. Stro-
beck OF Macedon, N. Y, secretary of
the Dairymen's League Cooperative
Association, Inc. declare that IN
stead of rolling back prices the Gov
eminent should establish adequate te
guaranteed prices for milk for all
producers
Reduction Of the retail price of
butter by 5 cents q pound, he said
would cost milk producers supplying
the New York City. Rochester and
Buffalo markets about $500 900 a
month.
Adding to the tragedy of these
tremendous losses" Mr.. Strobeck
abserved, lis the effect upon produc-
ton which already in our area
New York State and parts of Penn
sylvania. New Jersey and Vermont
is far short of demand and declin-
ing rapidly"
Mr.. Strobeck contended the dairy
farmer has no confidence in SUBJ
sides" and cant understand why
the Nation can't pay as it goes for
its food.
Mr.. Strobeck declared a program
which reduces prices tends only tc
accentuate shortages on the three
markets he mentioned where. he
said, consumption requirements are
) per cent more than year ago
and prevents any diversion of milk
to other deficit markets along the
eastern coast.
Instead of cutting back prices,
ne added, the Government should
realize that adequate production of
milk is more important than paltr,
saving to consumers who alread,
have high buying power"
Evening star., 1943-05-26
Six Capone 6angster,
Agree 10 Stand Trial
In Film Extortion Plot
Abandon Fight Against
Removal to New York
In ST, ,000, 900 Case
BY the Associated Press.

SS tiiC noooSid tCO lIcSS
CHICAGO, May 26.-Counsel for
six former members of the Capone
gang announced today that, through
an agreement with the Government.
hts clients would abandon their fight
against removal to New York for
trial on Federal charges of extort-
ing more than $1,000, 900 from mo-
tion picture companies.
A. Bradley Eben, defense attorney,
made the announcement shortly be-
fore United States commissioner
resumed sessions of a removal hear
ing at which he was to rule on a
Government request for an order for
removal.
Mr.. Eben said his clients were
waving removal on the Govern
ment's stipulation that they would
not be called to trial In New York
before fall and that there would be
no change in their bond of $4,000
each.
Would Drop Bioff Evidence.
At the hearing the Government
asked that testimony of movie exec
utives about demands fro mWilliam
Biof for millions of dollars from the
picture industry be stricken and that
the six be removed to New York.
Maurice Walsh, assistant Federal
district attorney, argued that testi-
mony by Nicholas Schenck, preM-
dent of Loew's, Inc, and Arthur
Israel, assistant to the president of
Paramount Pictures. was irrelevant.
Mr.. Schenck testified yesterday
that on being introduced to Bioff
boss Of the international Alliance
OF Theatrical Stage Employees, the
labor leader demanded $4,000, 900
from him under threat of closing
the Nations theaters. Bioff since
has been imprisoned. Mr.. Israel
testified he delivered a package of
money to Bioff in Chicago.
Knew Of Conspiracy.
Mr.. Walsh declared the prime
issue before Edwin X. Walker
United States commissioner, was
whether or not probable cause for
removal to New York had been
established. The question of the
guilt or innocence OF the six de-
PENDANTS will be decided at the trial
he asserted.
A. Bradley Eben, defense attorney
said he knew conspiracy was
carried out since Mr.. Schenck had
testified there was conspiracy and
that money had been paid. If we
prove these defendants had nothing
to do with the money paid" Mr.
Eben declared, that is relative and
important because it will show they
never had any part of the con-
spiracy"
The attorney added that Mr.
Schenck would testify the six de-
PENDANTS had nothing to do with
carrying out the conspiracy. He
announced also that many more
witnesses than the 10 subpoenaed SC
far would be heard. indicating the
removal hearing. mere preliminary
to actual trial, might run for weeks
The defendants are Frank Dia-
mond Louis Little New York Cam
pagna. Paul 'The Waiter) Ricca,
Charles Gioe, Ralph Pierce and Phil
D'Andrea.
Evening star., 1943-05-26
|Hond-Cronked
| sos Sender
| Saves 1o
I BY the Associated Pres,

By the Associated Press
LONDON, May ga portable
radio transmitter dropped from a
British plane to 19 survivors OF a
ship torpedoed In the North Allan
tic provided the means whereby a
destroyer was directed to their
rescue, the Air Ministry News
Service reported today.
It was the first time that the ap-
paratus. described as foolproof and
about the size of home coffee
grinder. had been used for this pur-
pose. The equipment~ automatically
,s sends ,dssas out sos sig74h hen a crank
Heavy seas and weather pre-
vented aircraft WIN had flown
shout $4,000 miles in an eight-day
search, from pickixa up the men
WHO we're jammed into single
l&boat.
Evening star., 1943-05-26

ment OF commission, working in
collaboration with Secretary of In
terror 1ckes in his capacity as solid
fuels administrator, to work out the
problems of the six-day week. The
board specifically recommended that
the UNIV and the operators agree
on a contract provision whereby
the operators will give a fair and
equal opportunity to individuals to
work during each of the six days.
The board suggests that such a con-
tract provision might we'll include q
stipulation that the operators will
not hire additional workers until his
present employees have had such full
opportunity.
No Wage Guarantee.
The board is receptive to any
reasonable proposal to assure ali
miners the benefit of the sixth day
of operation. However, an annual
wage based on 50 weeks of produc-
ton at six days a week can not be
guaranteed the mine workers with.
out imposing an undue burden on
the industry or greatly increasing
the cost of coal to the public.
Nevertheless, it may be possible
to assure the mine workers a greater
benefit than they now enjoy from
the six-day-week without undue
hardship on the operators.
These problems, which lie out
side OF the field of labor disputes
and wages. appear to be suitable for
consideration by body of appointed
experts. organized as A commission
working in collaboration with the
Administrator of Solid Fuels for
War.
This commission would be in q
position to study such other prob
lens as the parties, or the board
might wish to refer to it. The COM
mission would consider, on the one
hand. possible improvements In
working conditions. matters of
safety, and improvements in living
conditions for the miners and their
families, and on the other hand, i'm
proved efficiency in mining oper-
ations, as we'll as in the transpor-
tation and marketing of coal"
Underground Travel Time,
The operators already have re-
Jected a 52-week work guarantee,
but Mr.. Ickes has directed six.day
operation Of the mines. The OPA
some time ago granted a l3-cent.a-
ton increase in the price of coal to
permit the operators to meet the
increased cost of the six-day week.
Mr.. Davis was asked about the
amount Of time involved in under
ground travel, and hence payable
under the proposed portal-to- portal
arrangement, and he said the op-
orators estimated it at IS minutes a
day. the miners at 90 minutes, while
a study prepared for the Bureau of
Labor Statistics figured it at 48
minutes.
The latter figure comes roughly to
five hours week, on the basis of a
six-day week. At straight time at
$106 an hour, this would amount to
$3.50 a week. There Is a question.
however, whether the workers might
not argue that at least part Of this
time must be figured at the rate
Of pay and one-half for work over 40
hours week. The board pointed
out that the whole matter Of portal
to portal pay Is predicated on the
union contention that it is required
by the Fair Labor Standards Act
Evening star., 1943-05-26
New York Bombing Not Worth
The Candle, Swiss Paper Says

on civilian populations. emphasized
that the European conflict was about
to enter phase OF intense air offen-
sive.
Commenting on the warning that
Allied air attacks on Italy were to
be developed, II Duce's newspaper
said Germany is thereby re-
leased from all considerations and
Churchill would see what will hap
pen to the English population when
exposed to super bombs recently
discovered by German industrial
ists.''
Other Italian newspapers. dis
patches said, are making no efforts
to minimize the air threat to italy
and warned that Rome may be
bombed at any time Damage to
date, in Italy, they admit, has
been very serious.
Evening star., 1943-05-26
Picked Men From Fighting 57th
Return to Train Other Pilots
Wide World Photo.

the great Palm Sunday destruction
of German transport planes off the
coast of Tunisia
They are all topnotch fighters"
Gen. Brereton said.
Shortly they will return to the
Mideast or some other theater of
war with new and better aircraft,
with fresh and able men and the
same indomitable courage which,
along with ability and a keen, COM
petitive sense. led them in eight
months to become a scourge of the
Luftwaffe.'
Col. Arthur D. Salisbury. group
commander. and several of his top
scorers will remain with the unit.
requirements nave arrived for those
en- route to the United States.
Evening star., 1943-05-26
Grocer Fined 500
For Sale Of Potatoes
Above Ceiling Price
Light Sentence Imposed
On Recommendation of
OPA Counsel Luskey

Louis E. Grossman, operator of a
grocery at TOO E street NE, was
fined 500 in Municipal Court today
following his plea of guilty to a
charge of selling potatoes above the
ceiling price.
The defendant was specifically
charged with viola ton of section 4
of the Emergency Price Control Act
on April II, when he sold pound
of potatoes for Is cents, cents
above the ceiling price.
Laskey Asked Light Fine.
The fine was imposed by Judge
George D. Nelson, who acted on a
recommendation made by John
Laskey. chief OPA attorney for the
District. Mr.. Laskey asked that a
light fine be assessed against the de-
fendant.
I'VE are convinced that Mr..
Grossman did not intend to gouge
the public by selling potatoes at a
large profit" Mr.. Laskey said. He
added, We feel some responsibility
for allowing the situation to get out
Of hand"
However, he said that his office
"soon hoped" to have the situation
under control
In imposing sentence. Judge Neil
son said that only Mr.. Laskeys rec
ommendation prevented the imposi-
tion of a sentence five times the
500 fine. We are fighting A war on
the home front as we'll as the battle
front. Black market operations
cannot be tolerated. Flagrant vio-
lators will be punished, if necessary,
by Jail sentences
Others Await Trial.
Eleven other grocers arraigned
on similar charges are now awaiting
jury trial. Assistant United States
Attorneys John B. Diamond and
Ray L. Jenkins are assisting Mr..
Laskey in handling the cases.
Two more grocers accused of SELL
Ing potatoes above ceiling prices ap-
reared in Municipal Court yester-
day on charges of violating the
Price Control Act.
Fred Burka, 5000 Wisconsin ave-
nue. NV. pleaded not guilty to the
charge and demanded a jury trial
which was set for June IS. The case
Of Louis kosberg, 2l32 Florida ave-
nue. NV. was continued until next
Wednesday by Judge Nelson at the
request of the defendant.
Assistant United States Attorneys
Diamond and jenkins again ap-
pealed to the public to report to
their office any case of black mar
ket dealings in potatoes.
A suit for treble damages"
amounting to Sl.4l195 for alleged
sale of potatoes above the ceiling
price was filed by the OPA in Dis
trict Court yesterday against Eman-
uel Cohen and Jacob Lehrman. de-
scribed as co-partners of the WASH
ington Produce Co, in the 1900 block
of Fifth street NE The amount
asked, according to Mr. Laskey.
represents three times the total
amount of overcharge represented
in sales which the defendants were
reported to have made to local re-
tailerS
Evening star., 1943-05-26
By the Associated press


BERN, Switzerland, May 26.-The
Gabette de Lausanne suggested to-
day that the italian claim of having
bombed the Anglo Egyptian Sudan
and Eritrea had brought within the
realm of possibilities "a spectacular
operation against New York" but
concluded that the game wouldn't t
be worth the candle
The Italian operation was re-
ported to have entailed a flight of
"a hours and it was pointed out that
Italian bombers leaving the French
Atlantic Coast could reach New York
and return within that time.
Rome dispatches said Premier
Mussolipi's newspaper, II Popolo
d'1talia, claiming that Prime Min
lister Churchill had assumed the re-
sponsibility for war without pity
Evening star., 1943-05-26

the authority of the WLB, UNIV
headquarters in general reacted ia
vorably. A spokesman, referring
to the order to bargain. said, that
is what the miners have been con-
tending for all along" Arrange
ments for the negotiations were
completed a few hours after the
decision was handed down. UNIV
district presidents already had been
summoned to Washington in ex-
pectation of the decision.
At Fairmont, w. Va. Secretary
Harry Bennett of United Mine
Workers District 81 said today a
meeting Of the unions Full Policy
Committee had been called for II
am. Saturday in Washington, and
he was hopeful it meant a definite
recommendation would be ready
then for settling the coal dispute
Labor members of the board dis
sented from the denial of the 81
increase, asserting it was justified
because of the tremendous and un-
controlled rise in the cost of living
during the past two years.
weakness. vacillation and indie
cision are the prominent charac-
teristics which have marked recent
attempts to regulate prices. At the
same time the regulation of wages
has been followed so vigorously that
workers have been allowed relatively
small and numerically few wage in
creases The failure of price
regulation makes imperative that
wage regulation must be realistically
adjusted
In disallowing the straight time
wage increase the majority stressed
both Cd "the Little Steel formula. ;"
and 90 what they said is the pros
pect that the six-day week will give
the miners generally more prosper
Gus times than they had had in re-
cent years.
Commenting on the latter out
look, WLB Chairman William Davis
told a press conference that the
miners have been averaging about
200 working days year, and with
increased operations would have a
substantially larger annual income.
The majority opinion noted that
the miners earnings on a straight
time basis in 1912 averaged $lO6l
an hour, and commented that this
was $0.211 higher than the hourly
earnings paid in manufacturing in
dustries as whole, and $O182
above those paid in metal mining.
I'm only four of the industries in
cluded in this analysis-locomotiv
shipbuilding, petroleum refining
and automobiles-did wage earners
receive higher straight time hourly
earnings than did the bituminous
coal workers." the opinion con-
tinued. I'm no instance did the
average hourly earnings in these
four industries exceed those of
bituminous miners by more than
$0.07 per hour"
Weekly VS.. Hourly Earnings.
1t is true, the opinion said, that
weekly earnings in coal mining, due
to the hours worked, averaged lower
last year than in some industries
with lower hourly earnings. Then,
speaking of the order for six-day-a-
week operation Of the mines, it
added: e.
''If one day of work at time and
one half is added to the 1912 weekly
income of mine worker his average
annual income in 1o43 will be ex-
ceeded. among all the industries,
only by the average income of
workers in shipbuilding, locomotives,
machine tools, automobiles, aircraft
and electric and steam railroad
cars"
The board suggested the appoint
Evening star., 1943-05-26
RAF Fighters Continue
Attacks on Burmo

BY NE Associated Press
NEW DELHI. MAY 2s,-RAF
fighters continued their sweeps into
Japanese-occupied Burma yester-
day, making loW-level attacks on
enemy detectives in the Upper
Chlndwin district, British COM
munique announced today.
Bombers also struck Bathedaune.
in Western Burma. and blasted At
road transport in that area, the bull
letin said.
Evening star., 1943-05-26
Edgar BIoke, 73, Dies;
Retired M. E. Bishop
rv the Associated Pres.

~ me RNNOClRlpO t'FfSS.
CORAL GABLES. Fla. May 26-
Edgar Blake, 73 retired bishop of
the Methodist Episcopal Church.
died at hospital today.
He had been resident of Coral
Gables for three ears.
A native of Gorham. Me. Bishop
Blake served as pastor of churches
at Salem, Lebanon and Manchester.
Me. before he became a bishop in
May. 1920.
He served in the Paris France
district from 1920 until 1923 and
later was assigned to the 1ndianapo-
lis. Ind. area. For eight years prior
to his retirement he was bishop in
the Detroit district.
Evening star., 1943-05-26
Texas Official Opposes
4th Term Despite War
Nv the Associated pres.

pS tuc hSsOCldteQ ITeSS.
BOSTON, May 2B.-Lt. Gov. John
Lee Smith Of Texas, who char
acterized himself as not necessarily
a New Deal Democrat, today told
the Massachusetts, Senate that after
the war is won a tornado will sweep
out Of the deep South demanding a
return to popular government and
an end to Federal bureaucracy"
THE war effort" he said. should
not be used to perpetuste in power
any one party or any one man."