davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Detroit evening times., 1943-09-15
194f Rail I onnage
Exceeded 1918

The rail tonnage concen-
trated on the Brooklyn army
base In the fall Of f94i exceeded
that. Of 1918 on the port Of
New York
Ships in the Pacific Coast har-
borS were Immediately reqlAS+-
toned, reloaded and sent west
ward with combat and service
personnel, aircraft equipment and
other materieI. Two fast conveys
were organized, loaded and left
San Francisco for Hawaii during
the first 10 days Of the war. A
convoy en- route 10 the Philippines
was diverted to Australia
Troops were sent to relieve the
marines and British forces in Ice
land and, at the same time. the
first eChelon Of troops was sent
overseas 10 northern ireland 10
assist IN the protection OF the
British Isles and 10 pave the way
for future American activities in
Europe.
Detroit evening times., 1943-09-15

t1t is estimated that the cost
of constructing the phone er
road together with improving it
20 present proposed standards,
will be Sll5,OOO,000, which fig
ure includes the replacement Of
a considerable number OF tenn
porary structures q stroye d
during the recent spring thaw
tCurcnt Improvements are
scheduled for completion Dec
81, 1913. and are going ahead
largely by contract labor forces
under the immedlate supervision
of the public roads HdminiSrra-
Ton and The general jurisdiction
OF our northwest service com
mand and division engineer -ef
the northwest dlvlSionD
Detroit evening times., 1943-09-15
Churchill Arrives
In u. S. Dec. %, 194l

on Dec. %, 1871. Whist IN
Churchill, prime minister of Great
Britain accompanied by the Brit
lSh chiefs of staff, arrive d in
Washington 10 confer with the
American chiefs OF staff out Of
the series Of discussions " h j h
then followed resulted an agree
mcnt. not only regarding the ina
mediate strategy for our combined
conduct of the war but also for
the organization Of a method for
the StrateCiCal command and con-
troll Of British and American mill
tary resources.
Probably no other Allied action
in the field or otherwise. has cX-
erted as powerful an effect on The
conduct of this war as the nrompt
establishment Of a prescribed pro-
cedure for achieving unity Of cf.
I fort through the medium Of tho
combined chiefs Of staff acting
under the direction Of the. leaders
toi theIr respective governments.
lUnder the direction Of tho
President the lont chiefs Of
staff composed ef-the rf71Uf Of
staff 10 the commander IN chief
Of the United States Army and
Navy. the chief of staff of the
United States Amy -1hn-cnrn-
mander IN chief of the United
States fleet and chief of naval
+ operations, and the commanding
/ general. army air forces. are
f responsible for coordination
+ between the army and navy.
and IN operations for which the
( United States has sole or PR
mary responsibility. they are
charged with the strategic con-
duct Of The war
The combined chiefs Of staff
composed Of the above L. s.
! members and four representa-
+ tlVeS Of the British chiefs of
staff insure complete CO-ordl-
nation OF the war effort of
Great Britain and the United
States A development Of the
lolnt chiefs OF staff and COM
hined chiefs Of staff organiza-
tionS is the unity Of command
principle which places the re-
SponsIblIity and authority for a
contemplated operation under
one commander directly reSpon-
SIble to the lQh>t cbiefS OF staff
OF the combined chiefs Of staff.
when a JOINT or combined
force commander has been de-
Slgnated and the units compOS-
ing his force are assigned, his
command responsibilities are
the same as if the forces IN
volved were all OF one service
or one nation. He exercises his
command through the com
mandcrS OF forces which have
been assigned him, and nor
Nmally IN operations this viii
6opSlSt of the assignment of
| their respective missions. In
carrying out its mission The
tactics and technique Of the
force concerned are the rcSpon-
Sibility Of the commander Of the
subordinate force.
Detroit evening times., 1943-09-15
Gen. Brett Appointed
Deputy to Wavell

Cen Sir Archibald Wavcll.
commander in chief In India. who
WAS In Chungklng. China, at the
time with Mai. Gen. lnow 1t.
Con- George H. Brett of the
United States Army, was tcsiga
mated supreme commander 10
American. British, Dutch ana
Australian forces, with Gen. Brett
as has deputy and although the
strong. carefully prepared tide OF
the japanese advance oVcrran the
Philippines, the Netherlands East
IntlteS, tire Malay Peninsula and
Burma the cooperative results
obtained IN TINS desperate cucr-
GcnCy by the creation of "A united
command established firm basis
for future combined operations
The attack by JapHn amt the
dccIaTaiIOn oi war by Germany
and Italy Immediately involved
the United States and Great Brit
ain N -a-A.ar- ~ fa5le44tt rfr7ttrr7rrs
unique IN the history of the world.
T Il WAS not merely war on Two
fronts but IN several thcaicrs. with
lines OF communication cnclrc--nE
inc earth and extending over So
600 miles.
+ For both Great Britain and
the United states, military opera
tons IN the Pacific area and the
Far East created unprecedented
. logiSucal problems with respect
10 shipping Time and space fac
tors dictated our strategy 10 a
considerable degree To land and
/ MAINTAIN American forces in Aus
tralla required more than twice
T The snip tonnage necessary for
I similar Afaef1car1 tUrrrs in Europe
or, North Afrira
Detroit evening times., 1943-09-15

Since the Japanese attacks on
the Pacific fleet in Hawaii had
uncovered the entire West Coast
Of North America, the reinforce
ment OF garrisons along the West
Coast, Panama, Hawaii and in
Alaska was given first priority.
BY Dec II the critical areas
on both the Pacific and Atlantic
coasts had beer. provided with a
reasonable degree of protection
against air and sea attack.
qn February, 1912, the Joint
MeXican-United States defense
commission was established to
consider problems relating 10
the common defense of the
United States and Mexico. The
cooperation between the two
governments IN these matters
has been COmplctCD
Additional anH-aiFcraft- -HffttS :
were set by sea, and air rein
forcementS were flown TO the
Panama Garfdtt.
In the first five weeks of the
war these deploymentS In con-
junction with the forces en- route
10 Hawaii, Alaska and other
bases involved a rail movement
of approximately $1,000 troops
with their vehicular transporta.
ton, guns and equipment
The railroads of the nation
handled this sudden and tremen,
douS volume of traffic IN person
mel and materiel in an extremely
efficient manner, thanks IN part
10 the previous elaborate organi-
zatlon in depth-of coastal ports oI
embarkation with their Interme
date storage depOts and regulat
ing stations extending as far in
land as Phoenix, Ariz,, Ogden
Utah and Harrisburg, Pa.
Detroit evening times., 1943-09-15
Functions Similar
to British Staff

Chllied 10 the principles Of
unified command is the mocha
niSm Of opcrational planning on
a lolnt and combined level The
command function of the Prcsi-
dent as commander in chief Of
the L. s. forces Is exercised
through the l.. S. chiefs OF staff.
The British ChlcfS Of staff func-
Detroit evening times., 1943-09-15

Consequently the larger U-boats now are
being armed with heavier A. A. guns and
are capable of putting up stiff resist
ancc. In the incident depicted in the draw
inc above. the periscnpe of a U-beat in the
act of surfacing was sighted and the
planes attacked, meeting heavy flax from
the subs guns. Depth charges straddled
the U-bOat, which made an rs" turn to
port continuing to fire throughout. Short
" afterwards, however, the U-boat started
to sink hOrizontallY.-
Detroit evening times., 1943-09-15
THE FOURTH PHASE: WAR Is DECLARED

The Japanese attack Pearl Harbor Dee. T. 1941
galvanized the entire military organization of nation into
immediate tasks of protecting the United States Alaska and
the Panama Canal Zone against surprise attack and sabotage
II also peciptaed the movement of additional and
matere guard extended naval and air lines of
United prospective thaters
Of operations and 70 replace losses in Hawaii
Detroit evening times., 1943-09-15

FROM RECENT reports concerning the
progress of the war at sea, it appears that
German Jzboats are becoming 50 shp-ef
depth charges that they are willing to
fake the risk of destruction on the sur
face rather than craSh-dive under attack
from above When a T-bOat's shu is
crushed in by depth charges. the men
stand little chance of survival but some
may he saved if the vessel is on the sur
face and destroyed by bomb or gunfire.
Detroit evening times., 1943-09-15
Tert of Gen. MarshaWs Report:
jap Raid Put u. S. on Alert

EDITORS NOTE-Here is the third ipstaiment Of
GEN George c. MorshaWs report to Secretary of Var
Henri L. ShSonAthe most authoritative Uaipobe mill
tory history Of the to date. Gen MdrShoWs
explanatory notes, appended to his report appear in
pareHtheSeS in the body Of the article
Detroit evening times., 1943-09-15
Advantage of Long
Period of Preparation

Japan struck al Hawaii. the Phil
ippineS. Malaga and strategic
islands i'm the central Pacific
With the advantage Of a long
period OF preparation, including
numerous initial moves in China
and lndo-Chlna 10 establish adj
vance air and other bases, and
Capitaliling upon surprise action.
the Japanese launched their
thrust TO prevent the concentra-
tlon or reinforcement of Allied
forces to halt the drive south
toward Australia and Burma.
THE major miSCalCulation Of
the japanese was the apparent
expectation that the Russian.
army would collapse under thet
German grand assault then un-
der waW against Moscow which
ended In the first winter fiaSCo.
Also unantiCipated was the pro-
longed defense OF the Philippine
Islands which upset their time
table for other offensive opera
tionS IN the southwest Pacific,
including Australia
Tomorrow Gen. Marshalrs re-
port tells OF the desperate
struggle for the Philippines, the
fall OF Bataan and the victories
OF the Coral Sea and Midway
Detroit evening times., 1943-09-15

not a tax collection scheme
which drains money out Of
pockets IN a volatile economy
where initiation and rising and
falling prices make social Sc
Curlty insecure,
The fundamentals of security
are not in government tax
reservoirs. but in economic sta
blhty which protects employ
ment wages, prices, leisure, prl-
Nate insurance
This Is a middle class country,
unlike Europe and Asia where
there are only two classes, the
very rich and the masses OF
very poor.
In TINS nation, our superior
democratic way OF life has lifted
the average standard OF living
so that our average middle class
person has an automobile, a ra-
dIo. electric comforts, a home,
ETC. beyond the hopes Of the
average European or Aslatic.
TlIIS, I think. is the funda-
i mental thing wrong ID
Washington. They have forgot
ten or abused the great middle
class. :,
There arc only two organiza-
tions of people getting rich out
OF this war the labor unions
and the churches. This IS be-
cause neither is subject 10 tax
alton 80 other wealth possibly
can spring up under the 80 per
cent excess profits tax.
! am not afraid of what this
wealth VIII 30 90 the churches.
hut what II VIII do 10 the force
and power of the labor union
leader iS a problem 10 warrant
the attention of all, including
the union man
Ihcre UuSt hc n now birth Of
Liberalism founded on Justice
IN government for free average
middle class man. and an IN
tcruationaI liberalism founded
ON the SamC principles of Chris
tlan and democratic Justice.
THE New Deal lS hurrowinC
L ITS head IN the SlumS and
It's hand IN the ballot box toward
continuous ro-cleCtonS. Where
then IS leadership for the lib
cralism 10 spring, # not from
tho pre>S7
You know Your communities
as perhaps no other citizen
knows them. You deal with the
public. with all business. with
the workers. the politicians. the
churches the bankers
Your huSIncSS peculiarly fits
You 90 understand the difference
between q man-made state and
-i8tc-madc man
houI have only to. compare
Your own new paper with
pr5vda or he NoclklSchcr Be
ohach'cr or the Populo Romano.
DISTRIBUTED by K.ne Feam-es synd Inc.
Fcprdar'a0 % whole "a in part
strictly prohibited.
Detroit evening times., 1943-09-15

ton in a similar manner under
the prime minister and his war
cabinet.
CThe u. S. chiefs Of staff have
organized planning and support
ing agencies consisting OF rep
reSentatives from the army and
navy and, where applicable,
from other interested govern
mental agencies. These l.. S.
supporting agencies assist and
advise the JOINT chiefs o1-S1a1t
in matters OF strategy, opera
tional and administrative PLAN
uIuE, psychological warfare, in
telllgenCe. transportation, the
assignment OF materials OF war,
Is -CammunieatiaaaEal= 4 IL =eteiogy,
weapons, petroleum, civil affairs
and other matters.
Most OF the supporting agen-
-c4eS- of the loiHt-ehfets-ot-s -statt
organization have British
counterpart with which they
work. thus forming combined
agencies 10 advise and assist the
combined chiefs of staff. An
outstanding example OF the suc-
cess of tins system IS the COM
plete harmony of action OF the
American and British forces IN
the Mediterranean area under
the command OF Gen, EiSen-
-hAAar4
Detroit evening times., 1943-09-15
DETR0ITs@zTHMES

Published every Week Day Evening and
sunday Morning by The Times Publishing
Company AZ 1928 Times Square. Detroit
g. Michigan.
Entered AT Detroit, Mich. as Second-C1a
Mail Matter.
TELEPHOSE-CHERRY $500
Subscription rate On advance) by mail
N any place ~ the United states. Canada
or Mexico con Canadian subscriptions
add 1919 10 cover war import tax
Dany Sunday i;'i sunday ssg
one Month ..,...s 90 80 so
one Year - 4 90 800 Is %
Rates applying to Mich rural routes onlg:
ore Month ... s rs 50 125
Three Months co.. 225 50 Is
SIX Mohths ,..... $50 3oo 80
One Year ........ 8 90 500 II o.
BY CARRIER
YEARLY
DANLLI ..... -....''''''''''''' Nl9 ~
DAILY AND SUNDAY. ......... Is u
WEEKLY
1,Alt,f .''.'s'''''. Ii. ''. '..''..''''.'''' &c
Daily AND SUNDAY -. 5ss
All money sent az sender's risk. Do not
SEM cash or stamps All checks, drats
and money orders should he made payable
to THE TtMFS PUBLISHING COMPANY
International News Service has the exclu.
sive rights ~ use for reproduction in any
form al news dispatches credited 70 II or
not otherwise credited In thus paper.
Detroit evening times., 1943-09-15
Pail A0HoB
Russia May Dominate the Earth

SYRACUSE. \. Y, Sept Is
u Here are some excerpt
thoughts from a talk I made to-
day 10 the Nov York St3te
newspaper publishers conycn-
ton
We are faced with world rev.
oluuon as well as a world War.
II VIII not hc over when the
war Is over We must plan our
way
1t started unnouccably back
in the revolutionary phIioSo-
phicS of NictzNche and Freud,
as we'll as Marx
While Marx is the clorificd
prophet of the anu-dcmocrauc
societies which have sprung
into being IN ever widening
scope since the last War,
NletzSChc and Freud arc the
nonpohuCal rcSoclali2erS whose
SoCallcd enlightenment lure d
great masses ot people away
from their ethics and social
ways and plunged them INTO
this dazzling m3tCriallstc era
IN which we are now cropping
our way toward yet Indisccrn-
ib!e solutions
THE Soyicts first brought
L these revolutionary theo-
rloS INTO practice I'm n way
which aims at every foundation
Of our historic democratic way
of life not only toward the
abolition of capitalism, bat the
uprootug Of our conceptions of
moral Justice which were
founded ON the Ten Command
ncntS and Christian teachings.
/ say thS now without CritI-
cjSm ba as pure statement Of
f3ci for We must discard both
criticism and prejudice if We
are 90 see where we are now, or
whore We are going
Today, weighed truth is tho
ScWCc~t article set uIrationci
or has it been raioncd by
censorship?
The Communist experiment
has now dultcd INTO Socialism
ln Russia. but ON the way il
inspired such Countcracting. iu-
ItItIng systems of >nElC-hoadod
utatorali>m as faSCiSm in Italy
and UaISW i'm. Germany
T|ASCISN or na1iSn1 VIII be
} stamped out or chased un-
Gcreround as a hunted minority.
Bu' Russia is apt 10 come
eut OF t6Is war the dominant
nation Of Europe and ASA. and,
IN INK opinion in The following
years. She is apt 20 become the
* greatest nation on earth
We have iuchcd Dur demo-
cratic way closer and closer
toward centralized federal cov.
Crnmcni controls IN various
WAYS even toward. socialism .a
Little and certainly WC tN our
ncw laws and federal acuou-
are far down thg road toward
establishing that trr state 81,
no longer The creature of man,
but tHe nan is The creature Of
f.' ctafo
Detroit evening times., 1943-09-15

During this FIRST meeting be-
tween the British and American
military authorities, winch tcrml-
mated Jan. !, 1912, steps were
taken IN insure unified direction
of the war effort IN the lar Last
to meet the rapidly spreading at
tdCks OF the Japanese Va that area.
Detroit evening times., 1943-09-15
What Is Meant
By Military Alliance

COV TARL WARREN Of CaIifonia, attcnd-
VI inc the tao-iay session of the Republican
Postwar ADVISORY Concat Mackinac Isandlwas
among Jhc party leaders interviewed regarding
UT0T6SC1 International alliances after the war.
coy Nawen readily agreed that:
To keep out of another war and TO prevent
one il will be necessary to have cooperation
among nations
Bat, hc sad:
Il question what military alliance MEANS"
Askov American. [volume] (Askov, Pine County, Minn.) 1914-current, 1943-03-25
Butter And Meat
Next Foodstuffs
On Ration Lists
Cheese, Fats, Cooking Oils
Included; Two.P O u n d
Weekly Limit Set.

The red stamps in war ration book
2 will be used in the point value
rationing of meat, butter, cheese, fats
and oils which will get under way
Monday, March %. Each person will
have Is points week to distribute
over his requirements. The points
to be required will range from one
on the most plentiful cuts of meat
to IL on the choicest and scarcest
cuts. An average of eight points will
apply to most popular cuts of meat
per pound. Butter and cheese will
also require eight points per pound.
Hamburger Five Points.
The point value of meat, OPA of
ficials stressed, will cover the bone,
as well as the meat. The dealer will
weigh the cut Of meat the housewife
has ordered, bone and ALL If she
then has the dealer "bone" or grind
the meat, the dealer will not figure
the point value again. He must,
however, give the buyer the bones
if she wants them, because she has
paid points for them.
The popular hamburger, ground
from cheaper cuts of meat, cannot
cost more than five points pound.
Askov American. [volume] (Askov, Pine County, Minn.) 1914-current, 1943-03-25
Qualifying Tests !
At Willow School

A qualifying examination for al
persons interested in an army OF
navy college training program which
would lead to commission as ar
army or navy officer will be taken
at the Willow River high school
Friday, April 2, from o'clock until
II o'clock This test will not be
given for another six months.
Any high school graduate over II
years of age but who has not reached
his 22nd birthday by July l, 1913
is qualified to take the examination
Most applicants can arrange to
come to the school with the regular
school buses on the day of the ex-
animation.
Superintendent c. C. Aakhus AND
Miss Nina Johnson, English instruc-
tor, will serve as supervisors for the
examination.
Askov American. [volume] (Askov, Pine County, Minn.) 1914-current, 1943-03-25
Two Weed Meets
Called For Pine
One at Askov Friday of
This Week; Other at Pine
City Saturday.

Two weed-seed meetings for Pine
county have been called for this week
end by R. A. Trovatten, state COM
missioner of agriculture, the first to
be held at the village hall in Askov
Friday afternoon at l o'clock, and
the other at Pine City Saturday, at
the same hour, in the court house.
D. w. Frear and B. A. Abeln, state
weed inspectors, will conduct these
meetings which are held annually.
Inspectors Asked to Attend.
Chairmen of the town boards, 9TH
er members of the boards, or duly
appointed weed inspectors are asked
to attend one of the meetings as
representatives from the rural areas.
Village mayors are directed to attend
or appoint weed inspector for their
municipalities and have them attend.
County commissioners, county
agents, AAA agents, high school agri-
culture instructors are also invited,
and anyone else interested in the
weed and seed work will be welcome.
Colored slides will show some of
the weeds of the state and the seed
laboratory work. Hybrid seed corn
and the seed tag sales act will also
be discussed Both meetings will
start promptly.
Askov American. [volume] (Askov, Pine County, Minn.) 1914-current, 1943-03-25
Canning Crops Will
Bring Higher Prices

Truck gardeners and farmers in
the northwest who raise vegetables
for canning will get a price boost
ranging from 20 to so per cent for
their crops this year compared to
their last years returns, according
to OPA and U. S. Department of
Agriculture officials. This will be
accomplished through a price-support
program operated by the department
of agriculture.
Crops for which support. prices
will be maintained on the higher
levels are tomatoes, sweet corn, beans,
green peas, lima beans, beets, carrots
and cabbage for kraut, all of which
are canned in the northwest area.
The price-support program can bring
higher prices to the grower without
increasing prices to the consumer,
OPA officials explained.
Askov American. [volume] (Askov, Pine County, Minn.) 1914-current, 1943-03-25
To Enter Regional
Speech Festival

Eight district Is young folks will
go to the regional speech event at
Coleraine April 8, as result of their
excellent work in the high school
speech festival in Sandstone We'd
nesday of last week. Three were
given a rating of superior and five
were listed as very good" by the
judge, DR.. Eric Sandin, of the Duluth
State Teachers college.
Those earning the superior rating
were Dolores Simonsen, Askov, in
terpretative reading; Frances Muef1l-
bauer, Sands one, interpretative
reading; and Mia Jean Clark, Brook
Park, reading from book.
Those listed very good" were
Ruby Bergstrahl, North Branch; or
iginal oratory; Dolores WATSON, Sand
stone, and Patricia Lemon, North
Branch, humorous; and Howard La
dine, North Branch, and Paul Pahos,
Sandstone, memorized oratory.
Askov American. [volume] (Askov, Pine County, Minn.) 1914-current, 1943-03-25
Kitchen Calendar
For Coupon Users

Northwest housewives asking what
will be and what won't be rationed
when the new meats, butter, cheese
and edible oils rationing program
goes into effect Monday can find
an easy answer in the following:
Meats-All meats rationed.
Fish-Rationed: All fish, shellfish
and fish products in Theoretically
sealed cans. Not rationed: Fresh,
frozen, smoked, sailed or picked fish
and fish that is not contained in
Theoretically sealed containers.
Fats and oils-Rationed: Butter,
margarine, lard, shortening, cooking
and salad oils. Not rationed: Olive
oil when not blended with other in
gradients. Salad dressings. Mayor
naise.
Cheese-Rationed: Cheddar, Swiss
brick, Munster, Limburger, Club
Gouda, Edam, smoked, dehydrated
grated, all hard varieties of Italian
and Greek cheese. All processed
cheese. All cheese foods. Not ra-
toned: Cream, Neufchatel, Cottage
Pot, Bakers Camembert, Lieder-
kranz, Brie and Blue. Cheese spreads
made with a base of non-rationed
cheese. Cheese spreads and cheese
products containing less than 80 per
cent by weight of rationed cheeses