davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Dirva = Field. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1915-current, 1943-08-06

to rytoaus kada bus svarstomas gal jau r sprendza
mas mazpju krastu likimas, taig r Lietuvos butts
Bukime pasiruose il sutiki talkoje Tegul aiku gauna
AngliSkai kabant visuomene tikra Letuvos nusvetl-
davini il suras Lietuvai daug draugQ stojaneiQ uz
Lietuviu tautos byla
Letuvos priesai yra PHRASE ir dar teberaso apie
ia vsokiu neteisybiu. Jie siekia suklaidine pasau
pakrsti pasitikejna Letuviu tauta Tokios piktos Ii
Dirva = Field. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1915-current, 1943-08-06
AUkOS NOREM'O KNYGAI
'TIMELESS LITHUANIAN :.
Aukas ir prenumeratas knygai siuskit adresu:
LVS Centras, $500 Superior Ave.. Cleveland, Ohio
Waterbury vel SUI $40
Auku Daugiau

Per pacius vasaros karscius,
atsiranda geru Lietuviu kurie
nepatingi pasidarbuoti Lietu-
vos reikalams.
Jonas Tareila is Waterbury,
Conn, prisiunte $40 ir raso:
Siunciu Norem'o knygai su-
rinktas aukas, $40. Aukas su-
rinko J. Tareila ir Petras Ste
ponavicius. AukaVo:
Evening star., 1943-12-26
Highways Are Assembly Lines.

Briefly, motor carriers are transform
ing our highways into assembly lines
hundreds Of miles long. Playing q vital
role In the war-production program.
trucks today are moving 81 per cent Of
Evening star., 1943-12-26
Aircraft Warning Service on Alert

comes under the 1st Fighter Command,
and in scope, covers the entire Atlantic
coast from Maine to Florida extending
many miles inland 1t is literally the
eyes and ears Of the Army Air Forces.
In its defense against air-borne in
vasion, for it consists Of certain mill
tary installations, for seaward detection,
reinforced by thousands Of civilian
manned observation posts.
These civilian vigilantes comprise the
Ground Observers Corps, which is q
branch of the Aircraft Warning Service.
All unpaid volunteers, they report di-
rectly to the Army; they are the field
intelligence agents upon whom the Air
Force depends for information that will
be vital factor in knocking down
enemy raiders when and If they come.
The Path of Flight.
Just how this information is trans
ferred to Army intelligence is an in
teresting story in ITSELF Unbelievably,
the time occupied between the report
ing Of plane and its interception by
fighter craft is only three minutes. AS
sumo the observer has already seen an
unidentified plane; he Immediately tele-
phones this information in = certain
prescribed form direct to the plotter at
the Army Filter Center.
Evening star., 1943-12-26
BY Willard Robertson,
Associated Press Stan Writer.

JOLIET, In.-The 16-foot walls and
the narrow, dark cells of the old Joliet
State prison are coming down, after 81
years of dark penal history.
The entire prison-one warden de-
scribed it as the hole of Calcutta"-is
being abandoned and the ITO inmates
moved to the more comfortable, more
modern Stateville prison, few miles
away.
For many of the convicts, most of
them hardened criminals and repeat
ers," the brief trip will be their first
glimpse Of the outside world in many
years. Many take with them from the
ancient den the memories of riots, es-
capes, slayings, sensational murder
and such strange tales as that of the
ex-convict who became a prison chap
lain.
No violence attended the most famous
escape, however, in which Henry Mid
get" Fernekes, 5-foot-4 inch bank rob-
ber and killer, literally walked out"
Wearing dark trousers, shirt and dark
glasses and posing as visitor, Fernekes
walked into the interviewing room and
handed an attendant a slip of paper
bearing the name "Amenn" and the
number 4408
The attendant said Amenn was con-
fined at Stateville. Fernekes took the
slip silently, walked out of the room,
past the guards on duty and right out
of the gate. Captured in Chicago less
than three months later, in October,
1885, he committed suicide by swallow
ing poison.
In 1920 another convict, William
Howard, duplicated the feat Of Jean
Vatican, who escaped through the sew
ers of Paris. Howard. working On Q
Evening star., 1943-12-26

There, the plotter takes the informa-
ton and displays it on filter board.
After checking against similar infor-
nation from other posts, a track of
flight Is established on the board. Army.
Navy and Civil Aeronautics authorities
are asked to identify the fight as one
belonging to one Of their respective or
ganizations by checking against pre-
viously scheduled and approved flight
plans. II Identification can not be made,
the plane Is assumed to be of enemy
origin, and is indicated accordingly on
the filter board.
Ihls information on the filter board
Is then told" to plotters at the Infor-
nation Center who displays it on an
operations board. This enables the Con-
troller OF Air Defense Wing commander.
seated IN an overhead balcony, to esti-
mate the relative strength of the enemy.
Wnen ne sees an enemy track appear on
the board. This means he can actually
calculate the number of planes in the
raid, their type, altitude, rate of speed.
direction headed in, location and pos-
siole objectives. He can use this infor-
nation to direct the interceptor force
as to the number Of planes they will
use, from what base they are to be
dispatched, what communities to warn
OF impending raid, and what commands
to issue to antiaircraft artillery.
Most important of all, this informa-
tlon on the board gives the interception
omcer the knowledge which he trans
cr1nes to radio-telephone pilots as the
theoretical point in the air space to
which that must fly to intercept the
enemy. Thus, indirectly, the Ground
observers Corps fly the fighter air.
craft to within sight of the enemy.
In their alert readiness to be on the
job, the observers have expanded their
activities to meet local emergencies
from discovering enemy submarines on
our shores, to sighting forest fires in
Isolated territory, thus saving much
damage in life and property. The
corps, as q whole, Is characterized by
It's cheerfullness and willingness to
help and in the old days of 24-hour
duty We're always faithful to their task
IN the toughest of weather and at the
loneliest of posts.
In recognition Of this devotion to
duty, the Air Corps presents attractive
rewards for service rendered from
minimum Of three months to a maxi
mum OF 500 hours or over.
In spite of Gen Arnold's order the
members of the Aircraft Warning Serv-
ice still continue to perform their Short
ened duties with the same keen alert
ness as they did on the former schedule.
They also still enjoy the historically
significant privilege Of being the first
civilians from whom the United States
Army has asked and accepted such vital
information. Furthermore, they are
the only part Of Civilian Defense
charged with . part both inactive and
paaAva defenDe.
Evening star., 1943-12-26

kids as fine Christmas as possible
under the circumstances. Their efforts
would be supplemented by the arrival Of
tons of American Red Cross food, cloth
ing and other supplies which were taken
to the East by the repatriation ship
Gripsholm and reshipped aboard the
Japanese liner Teia Maru.
The $500 internees will never forget
Christmas of 1912. In spite of the fact
we were in what the Japanese called a
possible combat zone, a crew went to
work late In September with saws and
hammers and paint brushes. They pro-
duced hundreds Of brightly colored
scooters, auto trucks of both wood and
metal, and even mechanical toys which
would have been q credit to any pro-
fessional plant.
Harold N. Wilson, an American elec-
trical estimator, had charge of pro-
duction. Dead tired after months Of
work which included emergency pro-
duction Of about 100 extra gifts for the
children from the Iloilo camp who
arrived just before Christmas, he told
me 'it sure was worth while. No sac
rif1ce was too great so long as we gave
the kids good time"
I was on Santa's crew, repairing old
toys sent in by our Filipino friends I
had the aid of Larry Moran, represent
ative Of a Pacific Coast pump company.
One toy we repaired was hook and
ladder about 3 feet long. We straight
ened cut the dents and got the bell to
ringing, but we were stymied for several
1-foot ladders. A mining engineer
named Weigel, who made thousands of
bamboo knitting needles for the women
Of the camp, solved the problem. He
turned out special bamboo rods in which
we set strips of wood to form the rungs
When the toy was repainted in bright
red, Wilson decided it was to magnifi-
cent to give to a single boy, so he had
Santa present 1t to a dormitory full of
kids
While the men hammered and sawed,
scores Of women we're busy on rag dolls,
animals, Sheets pillowcases and pillows
for doll beds; complete doll wardrobes.
Their production was so striking that
Betty Lou Gewald of Wisconsin, one of
the moving spirits, held pre- Christmas
show for grownups. We had difficulty
keeping the kids out of the show and
seeing that the grownups didn't wear
out the toys before Santa arrived. Betty
Evening star., 1943-12-26
Penitentiary Ends Career

Joliet drainage project, crawled through
the new conduit to freedom.
More violent was the attempt of three
convicts to lower themselves to the
street from the prison barber shop in
1881. Officials had been tipped and
guards killed the three fugitives, one by
one, as they slid down the makeshift
rope.
These slayings and the death of q
convict who had been shackled in soli-
tary confinement, with his wrists strung
above his head. led to one of several
riots. Two convicts were killed and two
wounded in this outbreak, three of them
felled by sharpshooting guard on the
wall as they attacked guard captain
at the door of the dining hall.
During the subsequent investigation,
a prison chaplain resigned and told q
legislative investigating committee he
had been in prison for grand larceny
prior to his ordination and had been
paroled twice.
Three companies of State militia
were required to subdue an earlier riot,
In which one inmate was killed and fire
caused about 100000 damage.
One of the best-planned escape plots
failed in 1888 when rain washed out the
numbers of coal train and the conivcts
were unable to ascertain which car con-
tanned the guns to be used in the break.
The most sensational crime within the
walls was the Staying of Odette Allen,
former actress and wife of Warden Ed
mund Allen, in 1915 She was slain in
her bed-her skull fractured and the bed
set afire-by Negro convict known as
Chicken Joe" Campbell. Saved from
the gallows by q communication Of sen.
tence, and rescued from mob of angry
prisoners by the chaplain. Campbell still
Is In prison, In the Southern Illinois
branch at Menard.
Evening star., 1943-12-26
BY Raymond P. Cronin,
Associated Press Stan Writer.

NEW YORK.-Even war cannot stop
Santa Claus. My wife and I spent last
Christmas year ago in Japanese pris-
on camp. AS japanese war planes roared
over our heads southwark bound, St.
Nick came in on the beam and gave our
hundreds Of internee children one of the
finest Christmas celebrations they ever
enjoyed even in normal times
AS Christmas approached this year
could picture the holiday celebration In
the Manila Santo Thomas camp where
was held almost 81 months. 1t may not
have been so cheerful this year. The food
situation was none too good when left
September rs. There was a lack Of
materials such as Santa's helpers within
the camp were lucky enough to get
last year.
Yet knew that the internees, their
hopes and morale high, would give the
Evening star., 1943-12-26

Loading began on Saturday at pm.
when employees closed their desks for
the week end; and was completed by
II pm. Sunday. At 7 am. Monday each
desk and cabinet was in proper place
In the new quarters In another city and
no employe lost minutes working time.
The Job involved . half million pounds
Of freight, and 43 truck loads.
Movement Of the Patent Office from
this city to Richmond consumed two
weeks time, in which 100000 pounds
were hauled, constituting 1913 separate
vanloads. 1t was regarded as the biggest
Office moving job in history.
Associated Transport, large Eastern
common carrier, says about 80 per cent
Of its trafiic consists of vital war freight.
1t points out that more than 10000 900
tons Of freight moved domestically on
War Department bills Of lading during
the fiscal year l943, with trucks carrying
725 per cent Of that freight. Much of
this was controlled at Washington. In
addition, there is much freight for the
Navy, lease-lend and other Government
agencies.
War Shipments.
1--WE are continually being called upon
to handle rush shipments to ports OF
embarkation, Navy Yards and the like"
explained S. C. Massey, local manager
Of Associated Transport.
The Jacobs Transfer Co., with a feet
Of 81 trucks, does the bulk of its busi-
ness handling pickup and delivery
freight from the Baltimore e. Ohio
depots here. This includes foodstuffs
clothing and other merchandising ma
terial, and essential civilian supplies. The
company also performs emergency work
for the telephone company here when
damage occurs In nearby Virginia and
Maryland points.
1t will be seen that leading Washing
ton trucking Arms 60 in for speciality
lines. Added together, they form q pic
tyre that is imposing. What the post
kar period may bring is a matter Of
speculation; truck operators believe,
however. they have a helpful role to
play in the Nations economy.
Facts on Trucking.
To get an overall picture Of the truck
ing industry, here are few facts an
ATA spokesman asserts:
The United States truck fleet COM
Evening star., 1943-12-26

Louis father met death on Corregidof
a few days before its surrender.
Many Americans living outside the
camp because Of age or Illness did not
forget the kids. They sent in brand
new presents. One package from Clih
and Kate Billings Of Buffalo, N. Y, con-
tanned gifts for a dozen children. Later
they, too, were interned.
That Christmas Day will remain with
us always. With japanese soldiers on
guard at the gate, Santa arrived. He
needed no pass. He went straight to
our giant Christmas tree. brought in
from the Baguio Mountains, and dis
tributed the hundreds Of gifts with
words of cheer for each boy and girl.
Filipino and other friends outside sent
in scores of roasted turkeys and pigs,
ice cream, cakes by the hundred and
candy.
Christmas With a Will.
In our shanty areas the grownups cele.
brated Christmas with will. Most OF
the gifts were manufactured within the
camp-hand-carved pipes and cigar and
cigarette holders, bamboo beer mugs,
most of them containing camp scenes,
and many other presents. One Of our
best beer mug experts was Hal Lynn,
an American, who, in prewar days, was
advertising manager of the Manila Daily
Bulletin.
Even the Japanese entered into the
spirit of things. Our first commandant,
lieutenant, sent in gifts to the in
ternees who had helped him organize
the camp in the early days.
Many shanties had tiny Christmas
trees
We had one in our shack for Barbara
Moote, 13-year-old daughter Of Les
Moote, Navy officer who is prisoner
OF war at Davao. The tree was fully
decorated with bright balls and tinsel,
leftovers from 1910, and under 1t We
had cardboard set showing the man
ger and the Christ Child and the other
things in that Bethlehem stable more
than 1900 years ago.
Our camp religious services we're i'm.
posing and impressive.
And so we celebrated Christmas In Q
prison camp.
We. who came out of the East in time
for Christmas in the homeland this year.
were praying that Santa will do his
level best for those we left behind.
Evening star., 1943-12-26
BY Ruth Dean.

Contrary to popular belief the Air.
craft Warning Service has not been dis
continued. 1t has instead been placed
on an alert basis, and 1t continues to
function, carrying out its vital role Of
vigilance, for protection and defense
against an air-borne enemy.
Observers now report planes during
routine intervals one day each week,
but they stand ready for immediate
action at any and all times.
The Aircraft Warning Service was put
into operation in the early summer Of
1941. 1t was the successful result of an
extensive experiment, first tested out by
the Army, in 1898, to ascertain the ef-
fectiveness OF civilian cooperation in
reporting aircraft.
The Army's Eyes and Ears.
Civilian defense councils in various
States were called upon to set up OBJ
servation posts throughout their areas.
Because Of their widespread national
distribution and interest in the Nations
defense, the American Legion elected to
administer initial details Of this organi-
zation and were largely instrumental in
inaugerating the first observation posts.
Later other organizations joined In.
The Aircraft Warning Service, itself,
Evening star., 1943-12-26

prises 4,607 900 vehicles. more than in all
other countries Of the world. combined.
Trucks are hauling 18 per cent Of all
freight, including that travelling by rail,
water and air.
Trucks pay more than 100000 per
day in special highway taxes alone.
Approximately 10 per cent Of all hogs,
calves and cattle-36 900 900 head-are
delivered to the principal stockyards
every year by truck.
Twenty -four of our largest cities re-
Evening star., 1943-12-26

ceived at least SO per cent Of every
mornings milk by truck.
American newspaper publishers oper-
ate a fleet Of 1000 trucks
If the Nations trucks were to stop
running for "a hours, the congestion Of
freight would retard war production.
In this picture Washington truck
operators are playing vital, If un-
dramatic, role.
Donald M. Nelson, War Production
Board chairman, returning from an in
Evening star., 1943-12-26
Christmas in Japanese Prison Camp

tAfter eight years as Associated Press
correspondent in the Pacific war zone the
last 81 months Of which was spent in =
Japanese internment camp. Raymond P.
Cronin came home for Christmas. Last year,
in spite OF everything, it was Christmas, too.
Now we. who came out of the East in time
for Christmas in the homeland this year,
were praying that Santa would do his level
best for those we left behind.")
Evening star., 1943-12-26

the freight into and SO per cent OF the
freight out Of 781 war plants, according
to the American Trucking Associations.
The war challenged the ingenuity Of
truck manufacturers. When asked to
build truck trailers capable OF trans
porting subassemblies of bombers, they
produced trailers more than "a feet
long, nearly feet deep inside and 10
feet wide. Two can carry an entire
bomber. including everything except the
propellers.
The Army ordered hundreds OF thou
sands Of trucks for use in far-flung
war zones. Bulldozers and trucks were
used In repairing the roads in North
Africa. Trucks were employed in
cleaning up and repairing bombed out
port facilities. More than 100 airfields
were built repaired or expanded with
United States engineers hauling noun
tains Of gravel and rock from the
desert-an achievement requiring thou
sands Of trucks.
Under lend-lease the United States
supplied Russia with 10000 trucks.
vital factor in the Soviet's push against
the Germans. Trucks built in America
moved thousands OF tons Of war ma
terials through Iran into Russia. More
than 5000 trucks were used in building
the Alaska highway, that important
military road constructed in 10 months,
which is expected to prove short cut
to Toxic. Over the limitless reaches of
Russia and China. in the Mediterranean
area, and on the islands OF the vast
Pacific, American trucks are moving
troops, guns, ammunition and other
supplies where prompt delivery is so
vital
Washington on the Move.
When the Government decided to de-
centralize its Washington Offices for the
duration, the truck was summoned to
do quick job. The Kane Transfer Co.,
associated with Fidelity Storage Co., and
Allied Van Lines, hauled approximately
10000 900 pounds of ofice furniture, files,
records and other property to Northern
and Southern points. Francis Kane adds
that more than 5000 employees had their
furniture moved from the Nations Capt.
tai by truck.
A high light Of Uncle Sans moving
day was the hauling Of the Wage Hour
Division OF the Labor Department to
New York, 223 miles from the Capital.
Evening star., 1943-12-26

spection tour Of England, North Africa,
Russia and the Near East, said:
American trucks have been life
savers to our Allies. They have been
especially valuable because this is war
of movement. The tempo is vastly Diff
ferent from the First World War. And
when the chapter on transportation in
World War II is written, believe that
the American truck will receive all the
honor and glory 1t has earned and
rightly deserves"
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1943-07-09
Sena+e Approves
$40. 600. 900 for
Child Gore

WASHINGTON, July 8 (FP)-
In surprise move the Thomas
bill, S 1130, providing S20,000,OOO
for child care, was reported out of
the senate education and labor
committee June 80 and passed
unanimously by the senate.
Tackled on the bill was an amend
ment limiting its benefits to chill
dren Of mothers employed in es-
sential industries as defined by
the War Manpower Commission.
Under this narrow provision, chill
dren of women replacing men in
essential industries which per-
form important functions in civilian
life would be barred from adequate
care.
Secretary Treasurer Ele amor r
Fowler of the CIO Women's Auv-
iliaries greeted the senate passage
of the bill as a significant first
step. "But the $20,000,000 appro-
priation will merely cover existing
child care facilities" she told FP,
"and an additional S80,o00,000 will
be needed to meet the real needs
of working mothers"
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1943-07-09
Champion SparkIets

mill operators go home. At which
time he probably handles the late
afternoon paper. What say, Elmer?
Have those fellows got you on the
run?
Mystery! What happened to Reah
Badgers trench coat. She has a
trench coat belonging to some other
girl. Now the question is: Who
has hers?
Is summer over? Bill Barbee
has resumed wearing his shop
coat. Since the government has
stopped giving out weather re-
ports all you have to do is watch
Barbee. He is a walking weather
bureau.
Mr.. and Mrs. Clifford Thrun an
nounce the birth of their second
daughter June 30. Both mother and
daughter are doing nicely.
Gretchen Young's art displays
are getting better and better
especially the ones of Chuck John
son, Steve Kaifasz and Bernie
Krieger.
Gertrude Drysel, along with a
group of other girls, had a picnic
last Sunday. AS everyone knows,
there is a shortage of men, so, in
order to give the affair male
touch, half of the girls wore slacks.
. How About a Smoke Buddy? .
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1943-07-09
Rathbun

By DuxaI O'Neil

Picnic tickets will soon be avail.
able. 25 cents a family is neg
ligible amount for a ticket but
it was made possible by the gener-
our donations Of 500 by the
company. Our Unit Treasury viii
supply the rest. That will buy a
lot of ice cream, hot dogs, etc.
oh yes, and beer. Buttonwood is
a fairly clean park and is right
on the river bank so, l think,
limited bathing viii be possible.
The committee plans to arrange
for those who lack transportation.
Tell me or someone on the COM
mittee where you live and how
many Of your family are going.
Congratulations to Mrs. Phillip
Spino for presenting Phillip with
twin girls. That makes four bam-
binos, all girls. Phillip will be con-
graduated later if he holds up
under the strain.
Vacation Scenes: Stephen Ku-
java nearly freezing on the Ex-
cursion Steamer, and wishing he
were back on the 18th at Heather
Downs.
Gus Zimmerman finishing
few jobs around the house then
heading for Springfield.
Tony Bandurski getting up at
the usual time on Monday Morn
ing and asking, "What do you
want me to do first Mama?"
Elwood Huffman laying a
garage floor. What a man).
Mike Waclawski doing some in
side painting and, Of all things,
being sick for two days.
Boys, plan to take your vaca:
ton. You'll enjoy it. Ask the man
who had one.
Don't forget to give SOC to the
Cigarette Fund drive. It's a swell
course.