davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-07-05

and everyone who comes back strikes
another blow at the Axis.
Il never have been SO proud in
my life," Mrs. Lindheimer told War
Shipping Administration oficials
when asked how she felt about her
husbands going back to sea.
II thought he was too old to get
in this one, but he fooled me. The
whole neighborhood is proud of my
husband. The boys in the Office got
together $50 purse for him. You
might think he was going away on
vacation instead of going to war"
Evening star., 1943-10-01

place III u L II Conhtaht1ne Brown.
closer to the United States than
Moscow. Whether it will be Lon
don or some point in North
Africa is not known at this time.
The Soviet government has not
yet sent an agenda to either the
Washington or London govern
ments regarding the matters it
intends to have taken up by the
three foreign secretaries.
But from what has trapspired
SO far it seems that the confer
ence, while extremely important
because the American. British
and the Soviet representatives.
will sit down together for the
first time to discuss political
problems, will not be called on to
take any decisions.
They will merely outline the
stands of the three powers re-
garding the complicated political
problems which will arise in Eu-
rope after Hitler has been de-
feated.
The Soviet government placed
itself on record regarding some
territorial "readjustments" on its
western boundaries some time
ago through speeches made by
Premier Stain and articles pub
lished in its press which reflect
the official Russian viewpoint.
The British have adopted
middle e-of-the road position and
expect to become the brokers be-
tween Russia and the govern
ments which do not want to yield
any Of their territories to another
power,
Hull Seeks Harmony.
The American policy is ex-
pected to be clearly outlined by
Mr.. Hull and this is the reason
he decided to 80 instead of al
lowing the government to be
represented by some Official who
cannot speak with his authority.
The Secretary of State is going
to the meeting strongly desirous
OF seeing that the general outline
OF the future American-Russian-
British policies is harmonized.
Thus II and when Mr.. Roosevelt
meets with Premier Stain and
Prime Minister Churchill onlv
questions Of details regarding the
Evening star., 1943-10-01
The Great Game of Politics.

who now holds the job-no use in
| sisting upon the abolition of certain
union labor practices and the re-
Taxation OF certain labor-law pro-
visions that prevent industry from
functioning at full capacity. In
these matters one has to face reali-
ties, and do what one can. A good
deal has been done but not enough
not all that could have been done.
And, the worries OF the generals
about planes are not all ended by
the Baruch report, although it has
started production up again and
averted what seemed a real danger.
Continuity Not Assured.
But, it has not insured-and could
not insure-continuity of unbroken
high-speed effort. which is what is
needed to win the war before all
the belligerents are bled white. A
short time ago there was a slow
down in one plant-not plant
where planes are made but one
which makes a small and indis-
pensable plane part. There are only
two plants making this particular
part, and when one Of them slowed
down. every plane plant in the coun-
try had to slow down. So far as
the Army could discover the slow
down was due to no particular rea-
son except that the men did not feel
like working, but it cost the Army
300 planes in one month. This is
not an isolated instance. It comes
pretty close to being typical. 1t is
the sort Of thing, with the strikes
which continue and persist, that
demonstrates the fraudulent nature
OF the pious no-strike pledge to
which the unctuous CIO leader, Mr..
Murray, and the pompous AFL
leader. Mr.. Green, so constantly re-
fer. The Baruch report did not
and could not-touch this condition
Yet, it is one that has persisted
despite all pledges, promises and
pleas. Neither disclaimers of re-
sponsibility for these stoppages by
the Messrs. Green and Murray nor
calling them wildcat strikes alter
the facts.
Nor does the Baruch report alter
them. The reason is, first, because
the political alliance between the
professional labor leaders and the
President has prevented atirmative
and effective action upon the part
OF the executive; second, because
Congress, against Presidential oppo-
sition, has been unable to enact
really effective legislation. So COM
plex and complicated is the modern
military plane, and SO numerous and
varied the parts which 90 into it,
that a strike almost anywhere in
any kind of plant affects general
plane production.
Who can tell what the cost in lives
OF American soldiers the loss of those
300 planes means? Who can esti-
mate how long the war has been pro-
longed by the thousand or so inter-
ruptions Of work since Pearl Har-
Dor? Who can calculate the addi-
tional length of the casualty list for
which they will be responsible?
Evening star., 1943-10-01

OF both the union and the associa-
tlons. These included union re-
quests for certain changes in work
ing conditions. In line with the
Little Steel wage formula, no wage
increases were sought.
Mr.. Ryan said the negotiators de-
cided at a meeting Wednesday to
forget their differences lin the in
terest OF the war effort"
1t was stipulated that either group
may reopen the wage scale clause
on September /, 1874. Mr.. Ryan
said this was done to protect the
workers in event the Little Steel
wage formula was abandoned
Evening star., 1943-10-01

ready achieved is not enough. It
has to be enlarged; it has to be
extended; it has to become over
whelming.
Otherwise, there can be no second
front in Western Europe; no inva-
sion of France; no clearing the
enemy out of Italy; no driving the
German back into his own central
fortress; no overcoming those 300
trained, equipped, experienced and
unbeaten Nazi divisions (nearly
5000, 900 mem whose existence was
stressed by War Department spokes-
men at the conferences of indus
trial, labor and newspaper leaders
in Washington this week. Every
military authority is IN accord as to
the vital need for planes. Every OBJ
server returning from abroad re-
ports the anxiety of our field COM
manders for planes.
But, planes on the ground are no
good at all. There must be pilots
and gunners, bombers and ground
crews, parachutes and bombs, bull
let's, radio and scores of different
things made in scores of different
plants.
Unlimited Gas Needed.
And, above all, there must be
gasoline unlimited gasoline. 1t
has to be unlimited because these
big bombers eat gasoline at the rate
Of a gallon a mile. On the 75O-mile-
and-back mission Flying Fortress
Will use $500 gallons OF gasoline
So many things can affect plane
production aside from the plane and
the engine that the job OF keeping
production up to mark that meets
our needs is terrific one. Con-
sldering these things, it is not sur
prising that our war leaders should
have become deeply concerned when
plane production fell below sched-
ule in July and August - really
alarmed at the manner in which
the great Pacific Coast plants were
slowing down because of lack Of
workers, slack workers, waste of
materials, money and men.
1t was to straighten out this criti-
cal situation that the Baruch- Ham
COCK manpoWer report was made.
The report, at Army request, was
aimed directly at the Pacific Coas 8,
| condition The soundness of its
recommendations and the speed
with which VINO Director Byrnes
put them into operation has helped
enormously. The expectation is that
September production will be up tc
schedule-and for the time bein,
Army anxiety is allayed. But the
report did not 90 as far as it shoulc
nor as lar as its authors WoulC
like to have gone. The generals still
worry. Political considerations con.
nected with the fourth-term cam.
paign interfere with the kind O
IuIl-strength action on the man
power issue that should be taken.
There was no use recommendin
things that could not be done-n
use, for example, in urging the sub
stitution OF really competent man
power commission for the POLITICAL
Evening star., 1943-10-01
This Changing WorId-

peace Of the world will be de-
bated.
Mr.. Hull Is favoring interna-
tional cooperation after the war.
But he appears definitely op-
posed to major territorial read
justments which in his opinion
will only plant the seeds of an
other war or at best will make
room for continuation of local
strife and revolution in Europe.
Under the circumstances he is
expected to oppose the sacri-
flcing of any of the smaller states
bordering Russia in the name of
strategic security. The Secretary
Is said to believe that after the
war the security of the world
will have to rally on the good
will OF the people toward one
another. A good strategic from
tier, he believes, cannot prevent
local aggressions which In due
time lead to general wars.
There are no strategic frontiers
in the sky to prevent air armadas
from committing aggressions.
Hence, it would be useless to in
slst that country such as Po-
land should give up a large por-
ton of her territory to secure
the borders of Russia.
Would Continue Discomfort.
From the practical point Of
view this would be of only rela-
tive assistance to Russia and
would continue discomfort which
may have a disastrous affect in
the future.
On the other hand, an agree
ment among all the nations to
avoid aggressions in the future,
based on a strong cooperation
among the Allies who are bear
ing the main burden of the pres
ent war, would more than
guarantee peace for many years
to come.
These appear in general lines
to be the views of the American
Secretary Of State, and he is ex-
pected to present them to his COL
leagues with the entire strength
of his convictions. He realizes
that no substitute delegate could
give them to the other allies with
the same emphasis as he.
From all available reports 1t
appears unlikely that the Rus
slams will insist on any specific
demands. They already have in
dlcated that the question of the
Baltic States or other territories
which they consider as part and
parcel of their empire need not
be brought TO the fore since they
still are in the hands of the
Germans.
But although specific matters
may be left out of the conference
The fundamental ideas Of the
three powers regarding their
postwar political plans will be
adjusted so that at the next
meeting of the chiefs Of staff
there will be no further argu-
ment about the broad political
outline.
Evening star., 1943-10-01
Haitian President En- Route
For Visit 10 Canada

President Ellie Lescot, OF Haiti
passed through Washington early
today en- route to New York CITY.
where he will spend a few days be-
fore proceeding to Canada for a
visit.
With him were the Haitian AM
oassador to the United States. An
DIRE Liautaud. In the party also
were seven officials OF the Haitian
republic.
President Lescot will be in Can
ada as a guest for some time, and
Will receive an honorary degree
from Laval University at Quebec.
He will return later for q visit In
the United States.
Evening star., 1943-10-01
AFl Longshoremen Renew
Eastern Wage Agreements
By the Associated Press

+! The ASSOCIATED Press.
NEW YORK, Oct. l. Joseph P.
Ryan, president Of the International
Loneshoremen's Association, AFL,
announced yesterday that all exist
ing agreements with shipping asso-
Citations on the East Coast have been
renewed for two years.
The agreements were to have ex-
pired last night. About $4,000 long
shoremen in the ports of Portland,
Me; Boston, Philadelphia, Balti-
more, Hampton Roads and New
York City are involved
Negotiations have been under
way since September 7 Oh demands
Evening star., 1943-10-01

lC"llClC Ill Dor0thy thompson
Northern Italy. which has de-
clared a republic. 4. There are
five or six anti-Fascist parties in
Italy fighting Mussolini, but hos
tile to the King, whom they
consider former accomplice of
Mussolini, the man who conferred
upon him power, and who was,
with him, responsible for taking
Italy into a disastrous war.
There is an Italian movement
abroad, under well-known leader
ship, which is intransigently anti
fascist and Republican.
The history Of the Badoglio
government and its relations
with us is as follows (the au-
thority is Mr., Churchill's ac-
count of 1t September 2l:
Mussolini fell to a King-Ba-
doglio government on July IS.
The Badoglio governments
hope was to make peace in ac-
cordance with the will of the
nation. 1t informed the Allies of
this desire but warned them that
it was in deadly difficulties be-
cause OF the presence of the Ger
mans. On August Is an Italian
envoy called on the British Am
bassador in Madrid to say that
when the Allies landed in Italy
the italian government would
join them against Germany.
Wanted to Join Allies.
On August 10 there was a
meeting with staff officers of
Eisenhower in Lisbon. The Allies
said unconditional surrender"
The envoy accepted, but said, Il
am here to discuss how Italy
could join the United Nations
He asked how the terms could
be executed in face of German
opposition. The British and
American officers said I'VE can
only discuss unconditional sur
render
On August 81 the Italian gov
ernment accepted the terms un-
conditionally but said it did not
see how they could be carried
out in the teeth Of heavy Ger
man forces gathered near Rome.
I'VE did not doubt their sim
cerity but were not able to re-
veal our military plans
I'VE would have done more
If it had been possible to help
this unhappy government who
have since acted toward us
with good faith"
we offered to land our Amer
lean airborne divisions at Rome
and owing to the German in
vestment OF Romc's airfclds
which took place in the last day
or two before the announcement
OF the armlstice it was not
possible 10 carry out this :.
plan
The sum total Of this account
is that the Badoglio government
offered to join the United Ma
tlons, on our terms, but that We
had no program to deal with
such a situation, and while the
Germans were closing in on
Evening star., 1943-10-01

Rome, could only say, "Uncondi-
tional surrender
The result Of this lack Of
program was that the main part
Of the Italian Army surrendered
to the Germans and not to us.
We are now trying to encour-
age an already surrendered army
to fight our war.
Our demands on a pro-Allv
Italian government are as fol-
lows
l. They must accept uncondi-
tionel surrender.
2. Surrender includes the "ir-
retrievable' loss Of the entire
empire, and the acceptance of an
Allied military government in
Italy.
3. The government with
surrender army must declare
war on the Germans.
4. All Italian liberals must
support the government that sur
rendered and back the King.
S. The government must unite
all anti-Fascist forces in Italy
behind the King. (See Mr..
Churchill's speech and Mr..
Eden's statement on Monday
LAST
s. The eventual fate of Italians
will depend on how many Ger
mans they kill.
Other Factors.
This summarizes the official
policy, but there are other fac
tors.
l. The British 9th Army in its
official publication, and Ameri-
can soldiers interviewed by cor
respondents refuse to accept
status of "co-belligerency" with
Italy. They want to treat them
as defeated enemies and nothing
else.
2. The Russians are entering
the picture in the Mediterranean
council.
In this situation, Mussolini has
proclaimed republic, and de-
nounced the King and Badoglio
as traitors, who have sold Italv
into chaos and ruin. Mussolini
appeals to resistance to save
Italy from permanent eclipse as
free people.
In previous speech Mr. Chur-
chill said that our policy was TO
avoid chaos in Italy"
What has happened to that
policy?
Demands Held Contradictory.
The demands made on a pro-
ally Italian government are
com pletely contradictory in
themselves, and no government
on earth could carry them out,
even under the most favorable
circumstances.
No government can unite all
antl-Fascist forces behind the
man who put Mussolini in power.
No government co-responsible
Tor the war, can rally the people
to fight, while giving away the
entire Italian empire. (To
Whom?)
No army can fight after having
surrendered unconditionally.
What the Italians wanted was
peace. That was impossible. If
we had wished them to fight on
our side, We would have had to
give them either a national aim
or social aim. We gave them
the King and national disaster.
All Europe watches our policy
in Italy.
Our policy in Italy is a bank
ruptcv of craftsmanship.
And in this situation, we have
appointed Mr.. Stettinius, a man
with on-existent interna tional
political experience, as Assistant
Secretary Of State, probably as
political compromise between
the State Department and the
White House.
tRe!eased by The Bell Syndicate, Inc)
Evening star., 1943-10-01

know should not be inducteG at that
time but We have no power to use
our judgment but must refer the
case to the Army board for uneues-
toned decision, Men are being in
Quoted who have definite medical
ailments which disqualify them for
service and who in the end will be
on compensation because of dis
abilities although not gained in the
service and will be declared as ag-
gravated by service. The Army has
certainly taken over the Selective
Service System in more ways than
one"
Reproduction Rights Reserved)
Evening star., 1943-10-01

d e p e n d S O n
planes. Nothing
c an be d ONE
without planes.
Gen. Eisenhower
W a n IS ore
p ! an es. en-.
M a c A r t h ur
W a n is more
D ! a n e S. G. II.
G h e n n a u | t
W a n is m ore
p an es. Our
allies want more
planes. The air
supremacy a J.
Evening star., 1943-10-01

dI
tention is pretty we'll summed up in
letter got from him today.
Dear Henry, I want you to read
everything that I have sent you
carefully, and I want you to study
hard. If you do this, some day you
may get to be a private first class
like am. AS it is now, if we ever
are home on leave at the same time,
it's going to be awfully embarras-
sing for me to have to throw my
rank around"
The title of one of the booklets
that f1end. Pfc. Tracy, sent me is
Guide for the Armed Forces I. @.
Test" 1t contains samples of ques-
tions the army asks a recruit when
it begins classifying him. There is
challenge on the cover that says
TEST Yourself" and I made the hor-
rible mistake of accepting the chal-
| lenge. I can save the army a lot
of trouble, when I 60 back to Camp
Blanding to be classified, II they'll
just take my word for it and put me
in the idiot division. They won't
be making any mistake.
Never Had a Scruple.
That booklet convinced me that
either I have never known anything,
or that I have forgotten everything
I ever knew. One of the first things
turned to was table of apothe-
carries weights. I tell you it came
as great shock to me TO find that
20 grains equal one scruple, and
three scruples equal one dram. To
be frank with you, have never had
a scruple or given a dram about
what apothecaries weigh.
| I was about to throw the book out
OF the window when my wife said,
No, don't be coward. Go ahead
and see how ignorant you are. III
ask you few Of the questions"
She: What Is perch Of stone?
Me: A stone perch. I guess. II
you made perch out Of stone for
Your canary bird cage, you'd have
stone perch.
She: A perch of stone is 1917 feet
long, IL feet wide, and / foot high,
and equals 2745 cubic feet. You
must have been thinking of a con-
cor cage, not a canary cage. Here's
another one: What is a board foot
Of lumber?
Well I said, trying to be cute
and cover up my ignorance, I'd
say that board foot OF lumber is
foot Of lumber that is sick and
tired Of what's going on around it"
She: A board foot of lumber Is
one foot long, one foot wide, and
one inch thick. If less than one inch
thick, it is still called a board foot.
All Involved in Mules.
Then she switched to the part OF
the book where there are questions
like this: If a man has Is mules
and gives II of them away at the
rate OF one every II minutes, where
will the two locomotives that left
Chicago and New York at the same
time meet?
Then there were questions about
those two fools, A and B. who are
always giving away fruit. II it
isn't oranges, it's apples. And if
1t isn't apples or oranges, it's pears.
Why A couldn't give B all OF his
fruit all at once, and be done with,
don't know. But he never does,
He gives B three apples. takes two
and a half back, then he gives q
six apples, and B keeps four OF
those and gives two back to A. I'm
betting even money that YOU could
ask A and B themselves what thev
have given away and taken back.
and they wouldn't know. So how
is any one else going to guess It,
Private First Glass Tracy, I'm
afraid you're going to have to throw
your rank around when you see me
next.
Distributed by McNsusht Syndicate, Inc)
Evening star., 1943-10-01

m | S e ra b lie as
possible. Ever
since he heard
of my induction
he has bom-
barded me with
b r o C h u r e S,
b o o k | e IS and
pamphlets on
how to be a sue
ess in he
Army.
Private First
Class Trac US
excuse for this
Evening star., 1943-10-01

to elm | n a t e
h ar d ing Of
manpower, and
how to trans
form the Selec-
tive Service Sys-
tenn into an
efficient agency
under the direc-
ton Of civilians
and not military
men.
The suggestion
has been made
that the Nation
Evening star., 1943-10-01

ments of the
United Ma
tions.
In defer
ence to Mr..
H u IL S age
and his an
tipathy to air
travel, it is
e X p e c t e d
t h a t t h e
meeting will
t a k e place
probably next
week in q
lA l.
Evening star., 1943-10-01

street corners mean drivers must
come to a dead stop" before pro-
ceeding.
Many motorists, appearing in
court on the charge of failing to
stop have expressed uncertainty as
to the actual meaning of the blink
ing lights. Mr.. Van Duzer said.
Evening star., 1943-10-01

! / o, S o m E.
W h e r e O n
Italian soil.
2. TIL ere is
an A ! ! / e d
military gov
ernment in
Sicily and in
the occupied
t e r r i t o
rieS taken by
our troops. 3.
T h ere is a
MuSSolini goy
e + n m e n t
Evening star., 1943-10-01
BY CONSTANTINE BROWl

Secretary Of State Hull de-
cided at the 18th hour to attend
the conference Of the foreign
secretaries OF the major govern
Evening star., 1943-10-01
Drivers Warned to Stop
On Red Traffic Lights

TrafIlc Director William A. Van
Ouzer warned motorists today that
the flashing red traffic lights at
Evening star., 1943-10-01
BY FRANK r. KENT.

Every day the importance to the
United Nations, and particularly to
ourselves, of American plane pro-
ducton grows greater. Everything
Evening star., 1943-10-01

HE opinions OF the Driter this page on not
necessarily The Stars Such opinions presented The
Stars etort to gue all sides OF questions interest
readers although such opinions may contradictory among
themselves and directly opposed to The Stars
Evening star., 1943-10-01
Father Draft
lis BecIoudinq
Labor Need
BY DAVID LAWRENCE,

Undue emphasis on the drafting
OF fathers" has beclouded the real
issue before Congress, which is how
to utilize available manpower, how
Evening star., 1943-10-01
On the Record.
BY DOROTHY THOMPSON

The situation in Italy Is as fol-
lows: /. There is a pro-Aliy
italian government headed by
the King and Marshal Badog-
Evening star., 1943-10-01
McLennore-
Badly Shocked
Trying Out !. Q.
BY HENRY McLEMORE.

A friend Of friend OF mine, PFC.
Matthew John Tracy, who has been
In the army about year, has taken
it upon himself to make nv life a
Ohio Waisenfreund. [volume] (Pomeroy, O. [Ohio]) 1874-1953, 1943-03-31

Wie Die gliioc. Breiie aus Mosfau
beri9tet, puroen Die l6oniten @ebdus
oe ser Staot &oitotp Dor Dem &iid5ng
ser 9euti6en in Die 2uft geiprengt
ooer berbrannt. Oas 3eritorungsperf
tpuroe BON erfabrenen 3eritorl1ngss
abteiluneen ausgefiibrt. Das Wfarim'
@orfi=Ebeater, zines Der idoniten in
Ser Sotpietunion, &oitoms groBtes
Gebduse, bie Notwithstanding
uno piele an6ere 8auten itn6 MIR nod
perfoblte &uinen. 1eber so S4nlen
uno Die tpiiieni6aftli9e 3entralbiblio.
tbef NIT brei Millionen 8dnSen ul.r'
oen in Slammer aeitedt.