davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-05-18
I'D Rather Be Rioht'
'Rocior Explanation for Nozi Collapse Is Error
In View Of Foscism's Lack Of IdeoIism

with It," The at" involved in this
case is Fascism.
Actually, those eager German and
Italian surrenders should give us
hope that these men can be saved.
The surrenders make sense. They
say that men are not fools. What
have these men done that we should
mock them? They have refused to
hight on for Fascism. Isn't that
what We want the whole world to
do?
Real Reason Overlooked.
Yet when 1t happens we find
ourselves (almost as If we were en-
barrassed in stating the moral side
OF our case) looking for racial
reasons. idiots reasons, Hitler's rea-
sons. any reasons except those which
make our war meaningful.
Small wonder that our govern
ments 50 constantly slip into the
error Of conceiving this to be purely
national war. when common men
50 readily and happily accept purely
national explanations.
II Germans, as Germans, are not
iast-d1tch fighters. If they are be-
levers In expediency, then tell me
why Hitler needed so many con-
centratio camps and tortur. .h
oers and firing squads before he
could have his own way. Those
were Germans. anti-Fascist Ger.
mans, who resisted him to the death
Evening star., 1943-05-18
New Trouble Faces India
Congress Porty, MosIem League and Growing
Communist Porty Power Are Problems

dependence. freely leading Indian
peasants in such demands rs
abolish debts" give us q national
government" and open = second
'front.'"
Under the banner Of the red nag
and the hammer and sickle, the
peasants were exhorted principally
by 73-year Sohan Singh Bakh-
ma, who learned his radicalism IS
years ago in Oregon, where he or
ganized Indian workers to resist
American agitation against foreign
labor. He spent from 1915 to 1896
in Indian jails for agitating against
the crown.
Other striking figures at the con-
ference were two aristocratic Mo-
hammedan women whose people
have been land holders for more
than 500 years. One was Granny
Shah Nawaz, vice president Of the
Friends of Soviet Russia" who Is
not greatly moved by Communism,
but favors, in a patliclan way, any
thing designed to improve the lot OF
the peasants who have farmed her
family's lands for dozens Of genera
tions.
The other, Mumtaz Sha Nawaz,
granddaughter of the older woman,
is an avowed Communist and lends
social class to the movement In the
Punjab.
Actually the Communists are not
strong. but they dominate the rail-
way labor unions and are now work.
ing on village organizations where
the British hold is weakest.
Problem Child Eliminated.
The execution of Pr Pagaro elm
mated one Of Britain's Indian prob
lem children, but 1t also left many
thousands of his rebellious followers
to be dealt with. Thus far nothing
like a general uprising has devel-
oped, although for q time extra
guards were posted on trains run
ming through western desert Sec
tions where the Hurs congregated.
One train derailment has been at
tributed TO the Hurs since Pagaro's
execution. Martial law has been in
effect in the Hur region for more
than a year.
Pagaro's sect came to India 1,200
years ago. They were fanatic Mo-
hammedans determined to carve out
a new empire for themselves and
Allah. In the past hundred years
they have several times caused wide
spread terrorism in the lower reaches
of the Indus River and the desert
and jungle swamp eastward.
Evening star., 1943-05-18

the sons of man fall into the error
of muttering racial explanations!
The obvious truth Of what hap
pened on Cap Bon Is that men
do not want very much to die for
Fascism. Only a few months ago
we were explaining that the Italians
were not back-to-the-wall fighters,
that the Italians let discretion get
the better of valor We drew un-
complimentary raciaD lines be-
tween the Germans and the Ital-
ians on this score. The Germans
were different" Now they seem
to be the same. What has hap
pened in those few weeks? Have
the Germans become Italians? Or
was the racial explanation non
sense from the beginning7
System Explains Actions.
The chief point OF similarity
between the Germans and Italians
1t that both are ruled by Fascists.
That, and only that, can explain
their parallel behavior, their COM
mon eagerness to climb into the
prisoners cages.
Here we are engaged in a war to
show that free men will always out
fight slaves. And when this turns
out to be literally true, we mutter
it must be because the slaves are
Germans.
Actually, we would be in serious
theological trouble if today's Ger
mans and Italians proved to be just
as tough, and determined and con-
vinced fighters as are democrats.
The world would stop making sense.
Our whole war would lose its point
If it turned out that modern men
had = passion to suffer death on
behalf of slavery. But when the
world persists In heing coherent and
making sense, we at once look down
our noses at it, and promptly invent
an incoherent explanation.
Decisions internal"
I don't mean for q minute that
a German soldier stands In front
ofsa mirror and looks at himself and
says deliberately: "Fascism Is not
worth dying for. I guess I'll sur
render"
That is how these things are done
In propaganda leaflets. Real life Is
somewhat subtler. These decisions
are made inarticulately and inter-
nally, deep down in the belly, not
up In the mind, and without words.
Every mans internal apparatus for
ever adds up the reasons he has for
fghting, or not fighting, and either
generates the energy he needs, or
fails to generate it. His failure to
hight is 4 kind of deep, organic
revolution, . rebellion among the
glands and instincts, which have
added up the things in his life and
come to the sum Of zero. Surrender
is only = way Of saying: The devil
Evening star., 1943-05-18

did not do that,
either. They sur
re n d ere d. So
numerous Amer
lean correspon-
dents are report
ing that "the
Germans are not
back
fighters" One
writer discovers
a "Teutonic trait
OF letting discre-
ton get the bet.
ter of vAlor."
Ho uAauilv An
Evening star., 1943-05-18
II F. K. Bueb Paintings
On Exhibit at Gallery

Twelve paintings by Franz Karl
Bueb. entitled This Is America"
are being shown at the David Por-
ter Gallery, 1910 Thirty y-first street
NV.
Mr.. Bueb has done murals here,
but the collection Of paintings repre-
0nts his first efforts in that tield.
Evening star., 1943-05-18
This Changing World
OfficiuI Circles Seem Confident Thot U. S.
Will Be Able to AnnihiIote Jops on Attu

What our ground forces have
lost nobody knows and 1t will be
some time before the casualty
lists are given out.
This being the case, In dealing
with a small Jap "pill-box, the
question arises as to how much
time will be required to reduce
the large fortresses studding the
Pacific and forming wide arc
around Japan and the mainland
OF Asia.
Defenses Incomplete.
From what Is known here, the
Japs had not yet completed their
defenses Of either Attu or Kiska,
as they have not yet fully COM
pleted the defenses of the Philip
pines, Borneo, Timor, Java and
Sumatra.
If the Japs apply themselves to
the fullest In their fertilization
work in the next IL months there
Is no question that these islands
will require enormous forces to
reduce them. We have had SO
many experiences in the South
Pacific that it must not be called
defeatism and unWarranted pes
simism to say that the war
against Japan will oe bloodier and
much longer than the war In
Europe, particularly If China is
lost.
1t took us months and q real
ef1ort-in some ways greater than
that in Tunisia-before we could
call GuaGalcanal our own.
New Britain Island, with its
naval base at Rabaul, has been a
tempting morsel for Admiral Hal
sey and Gen. Douglas Macarthur.
We have strong naval force in
that area. It Is also said that we
have ample ground forces strewn
between New Zealand and Aus
tralia. Yet, although both COM
manders have agreed for some
time that Rabaul should be taken
as soon as possible, nothing has
been done so far.
Weight on Strategists.
Nobody can accuse either Ad-
miral Halsey or Gen. Macarthur
of being afraid to take justified
chances. At the same time, they
have not yet begun to move and
the lack of transports is not the
only deterrent for that local, but
important, operation.
These considerations are prey
Ing on the minds of the American
strategists now discussing the fu-
ture global offensives Of the Allied
forces with their British COL
leagues in Washington. It is
hoped that our British Allies will
understand why the United
States is 50 anxious to adopt a
strategy in Europe which will end
the war across the Atlantic as
early as possible.
Threats that the Allies soon
will turn against Japan are not
sufficient. The Japanese are not
impressed by mere threats. They
merely induce the Toxic leaders
to put more military pressure on
China and hasten the ring of
steel and concrete In the wide arc
which is protecting Japan from
an attack from the East.
Evening star., 1943-05-18

England. They
follow ed the
first cuckoos
and nigh h tin
gales by only. =
few weeks and
already their
sweet song is to
be heard wher-
ever our soldiers
are billeted. - 80
On stin nights
ne C. an hear
their soft cry Of
"clickety = click,
0~1{nka{y e1{ekN
Evening star., 1943-05-18

on t en- ds the
war l. q b o r
B oard has no
8 t a t u t o r y
authority, no
power to compel
a n y b o d US at
tendance as a
" l t n ess. Pas
age of tn e
Connally bill Is
the only way
this defect in
our war setup
can be renedied.
YAUis eAA m G
Evening star., 1943-05-18

tn e lighting
Is violent and
that Ameri-
can los sc s
have b e e n
heavy.
There has
been nothing
ro m tn e
"A III Z I ! e u II
side and it
was s t a t e d
that the COM
manding om-
Ger of the
amnhih inux
Evening star., 1943-05-18

force probably Is TOO busy with
fighting and has not had time to
report.
It should be recalled that when
American forces raided the Gill
bert and Marshall archipelago in
1912, Admiral william F. Halsey,
jr., who commanded the task
forces, gave details about the sue
cessful accomplishment Of his
mission after he had reached
Honolulu and ignored all the
frantic appeals from Washing
ton to send something" as q
much morale booster.
There seems to be q confidence
In official circles that within a
short time we shall receive a
statement from the commanding
omcer in the Aleutians that the
mission has been accomplished.
While the strength Of our
forces Is military secret, 1t Is
known that the Japs have not
more than 5000 men on Attu.
The fact that by Sunday night
after six days of heavy fighting
the Japs had not yet been de-
feated is an indication that they
are disputing every inch Of the
rocky terrain with their usual
determination. The bulk of the
5000 Japs will have to be exter-
minated before we can claim the
island.
Not Beginning Of Drive.
The operations at Attu are OF
only local importance. They must
not be considered as the begin
ming Of any large-scale offensive
in the North Pacific. Had we
fortified Attu before the outbreak
Of the war. the island could not
have been taken by the Japanese.
It's recapture will give us an ex-
cellent air base for use against
the enemy at some future date.
But the fighting at Attu is of
extreme Importance inasmuch as
1t shows us the problems we will
encounter when we begin to at
tack the outer circle OF fortifi-
cations defending the japanese
waters both north and south.
1t Is assumed that the Amer
ican force at Attu is at least twice
and probably three times the size
OF the Japanese force. With such
strength we have spent an entire
week and there are no indications
as yet that Attu has been taken.
Evening star., 1943-05-18
CONSTANTINE BROWN.

BY CONSTANTINE BROWN.
The only report received over
the week end about progress of
the battle for Attu has been a
Japanese communique which said
Evening star., 1943-05-18

HE opinions OF the ers this page o,on not
necessariy The Stars Such opinions presented
Stars e0ort to gtue all sides OF questions OF interest
reade although such opinions may contradictory among
themselves and directly opposed to The Stars.
Evening star., 1943-05-18
Lewis Claims
Fiat Agency
Lacks Power
Refusal to Heed WLB
Summons May Spur
Legislative Teeth
By DAVID LAWRENCE.

Again John l.. Lewis has shown
that he cannot be bluffed or bludg-
eoned by name calling or tricked
hy words. On the other hand, he
Evening star., 1943-05-18
By SAMUEL GRAFTON

The Germans did not do a Dun.
kerque of Cap Bon. Well, then,
they might have stayed on the
peninsula and done q Bataan. They
Evening star., 1943-05-18
McLennore-
Hears Soft Cry
Of Pair Of Dice
By HENRY MeLEMORE.

UNITED STATES ARMY BASE
SOMEWHERE IN ENGIAND.-The
first American dice Of the summer
have made their appearance IN
Evening star., 1943-05-18
115D. T.. CoIored Men
Joining Armed Forces
Group leovine Tomorrow
Was lnducted Nav II

The District tomorrow will send
llo colored men to active duty in
the armed forces. They were in.
Quoted May IL.
The group includes 78 for the
Army, 80 for the Navy, 2 for the
Coast Guard and 2 for the Marine
Corps. The list follows:
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-10-01


hopping up the area between the
Sozh and Besuad rivers northeast OF
Gomel.
Farther north, the Soviets stormed
across the Sozh river and captured
the communications center of Kri-
chev, 95 miles north northeast OF
Gomel and only Sc miles east Of the
Mogilev railroad juntion.
From Krichev, the Russians could
outfank Gomel and launch frontal
assault on Mogilev.
More than 1900 Germans were
killed in the fighting that led to the
German rout from Krichev, the So
Wet high command said. Trainloads
Of war material and arms were cap
tured and some ITO other localities
liberated In advances of up to IL 1-2
miles.
The threat to Orsha from the
southeast was increased by the cap
ture Of TemnylesS, 43 miles away on
the railway from Krichev.
The Germans launched two coun-
ter-attacks In the Smolensk gate in
an effort to stem the Soviet drive
on Vitebsk, but they were thrown
back by Russian units that executed
O surprise flank movement. More
than 1000 Germans were killed and
80 towns and villages captured.
Pursuing and disorganizing the
enemy, the Soviets captured three
locomotives, 20 carriages and eight
intact tanks" the high command
said,
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-10-01
Greatest Victory OF
Italian Campaign
Continued from Page u

that the northwest African air
forces in September dropped more
than $4,000 tons Of bombs on italy,
the biggest monthly total yet reach
ed In this theater. The best pre-
vious total was $4,000 tons in July.
The air communique said Raj
and RCAF Wellingtons last night
raided the Formia rail yards sue
cessfully despite severe electrical
storms, while medium Mitchell and
Marauder bombers attacked bridges
and roads around Capua, Beneven-
to, Piana, Castelvenere and Amor
oSi.
Fighter BOmbers
Fighter bomhers attacked O bridge
at Ausonia, while long range fght-
ers patrolled over Bastia, the last
Nazi stronghold in Corsica. The
fighters sighted a formation Of
eight German planes near Bastia
but reported that they showed no
inclination to fight.
No Allied planes were lost during
any Of yesterdays operations.
Allied headquarters announced
that before the Germans abandon
ed the important Foggia airfield and
its IL satellite airflelds they few out
all serviceable aircraft and burned
those they were unable ct save.
However, they left considerable
amount Of useful equipment.
Inspection =. former Allied bomb
ing targets in Foggia disclosed that
the marshalling yards had been
blocked completely and that more
than 40 smashed and burned cars
were scattered through the yards
half dozen tracks.
It was announced that Major
General Edwin j. House, command
ing the 18th U. S. air support CON-
mand, had been awarded the dis
tinguished service medal by Lieu
tenant General Mark w. Clark,
Fifth Army commander.
1t also was reported officially that
Lieutenant H. D. Crawford, Sioux
City, Ia, P-40 Warhawk pilot, had
been rescued off cap Bon Thursday
after spending the night in a rub,
Der dinghy. He had been forced to
bail out Wednesday when his plane
developed motor trouble.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-10-01

(Continued from Page y
patch. IT would like very much
to go with my troops, II they Will
let me. I will do my best to do So"
The king and his government ar
rived in Cairo Wednesday to pre-
pare for their return TO Jugoslavia
behind Allied liberation forces.
Peter said his government extend
ed equal support to all patriots
lighting the Axis In Jugoslavia," a
direct bid for the support Of Gen,
Josip (Tito) Brozovich's Partisan
forces, who already have taken the
offensive against the Germans while
the kings own commander, Gen.
praja Mikhailovitch, has been
boarding his men In the Jugoslav
mountains pending an Allied land
ing.
Jugoslav sources in London said
Brozovichs Partisans probably
would be forced to withdraw from
Susak. Just across the Jugoslav bor-
der from northeastern Italy be-
cause OF the overwhelming German
strength thrown against their lines.
German occupation of Susak
would pave the way for an assault
on Fiume, on the italian side Of the
border and another Of the Axis
strongholds seized by the Partisans
In the confusion that followed It
aly's surrender to the Allies.
Croat and Slovene Partisans were
credited by the Jugoslavs with &C.
cupying the whole Istria peninsula
in northeastern italy with the ex-
ception of Trieste and Pola, where
heavy fighting was continuing.
Reinforced German units also
have driven the Partisans from the
airfield at Gorilla, about Is miles
north of Trieste, and part of the
town itself, but the Jugoslavs were
keeping the airfleld under heavy
artillery fire.
Additional Partisan units were re-
ported pouring across the border
into Austria to reinforce units en-
trenched in the Alps, from which
they were sabotaging railway lines
running into Jugoslavia and Hun
!. gary.
IN Jugoslavia, exile sources said
The Partisans began a widespread
offensive against German positions
in herzegovina and Montenegro
with the heaviest fighting centering
IN the border region between the
two districts. Heavy casualties were
inflicted on the German garrison
The Partisans were said to be OPP
Grating the Bihacknin railroad line
Heavy fighting also was reported
IN the immediate vicinity Of the
Dalmatian port Of Split, from
which PartIsans withdrew earlier
this week TO previously prepared
positions"
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-10-01

the beach-those who were left to
get off. The commands, rangers
and seabees, however, stuck. They
hung on almost literally by their
teeth and fingernails In hiding plac-
es they had infiltrated in the hills.
1.-THE beach was Uttered with our
dead and dying, and with our
wrecked tanks, trucks, guns and
jeeps. Right then, saw what this
war meant in losses. It's a night
mare Of destruction. The paint on
that equipment was hardly dry. And
the dead men were so young they
had scarcely begun to i've"
Grismer said the assault troops
came back that night and made
good their beachhead under a pull
vsrizing bombardment from Amer
lean cruisers and destroyers stand
ing offshore, and additional troops
and supplies were landed the fol-
lowing morning.
II walked down the beach amongst
the gun roar and the curs1ng and
shouting" he said, describing the
second day of the attack. That's
when I stumbled over a man, and,
as I turned to apologize, I saw that
he was dead. He was British"
LIST Glass Fighting Men
Grismer praised the British
troops of the Fifth army as first
class fighting men,"
At one point, he said, a group OF
Britons had dug in along a wall
that encircled little Italian dairy
farm.
"A German tiger tank had run
through them In the night. Some
300 lay dead. Not one had escaped
from that position. Rifles, machine
guns, the litter from knapsacks, lay
about in all directions. Those per-
sonal letters and family snapshots,
splattered with blood and ground
into dirt made this war seem Nigh
ty personal. Those personal effects
were the living flesh of freedom and
Nazi tank had torn and strewn
and rolled over them
Grismer said the German prison.
ers brought in were not arrogant,
and that they told their captors the
morale of the NaZi troops still was
high and that they would fight to
the finish for italy.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-10-01

In the midwest and southwest re-
mains at three gallons, but one gal
lon Of II must be used for occupa-
tionel driving before supplementary
occupational gasoline is provided
However, motorists holding only A
cards in those areas viii continue to
have a one gallon advantage over
A card holders In the east.
OPA summarized the change in
the east as follows:
I'm the II east coast states, the
A coupon remains valued at three
gallons but the weekly ration Il
increased by shortening the period
during which the coupons are valid
Thus, the present AS coupons will
expire November 8 instead Of No.
vember "a. The eight Al coupons
In the next book will become
valid November 0, good for three
gallons each through February O."
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-10-01
Blame High
Authorities
CONTINUED from Page y

lust returned from washington
where he and Mr.. Roosevelt made
or discussed all the news revealed
In the London address. Among
Churhcill's revelations were that he,
or Mr., Roosevelt and Premier josef
\ Stain expected soon to met, that
mo Allied merchant ship had been
sunk for four months in the North
Atlantic, that the Germans had O
new rocket weapon. There was much
more.
All Of the foregoing was known
10 officials here and some OF 1t to
newspapermen including this cor
respondent, who received 1t under q
pledge Of secrecy.
Churchill's news recital moved
newsmen throughout the country
to compare news sources here with
those In London. It led, In part, to
the advisory committee sharp state
ment.
Hush Hush Eased
It's criticism recalled the recent
resignation Of Nicholas Roosevelt
as owl deputy director and liaison
officer with the armed services.
Roosevelt, in resigning, explained to
OWL Director Elmer Davis that he
was making scant progress and
doubted that anything could be done
about gaining information for the
public unless Davis himself inter-
Vened. The director appealed to Mr..
Roosevelt and there was an easing
American dead and wounded SOL
diers to reach the public.
But with the backing OF the ad-
yisory committee, Davis now Is IN q
position to 60 to Mr.. Roosevelt
again and insist that q more COM
plete and timely story Of the war
shall reach the public. Davis told
the United Press last night that he
did not know the committee plan
ned to make the statement. COM
mittee members are:
Roy A. Roberts, managing editor,
kansas City Star; Lawrence Win
ship, managing editor, Boston
Globe: George w. Healy, Jr., man
aging editor, New orleans Times
Picayune; Paul Bellamy, editor,
Cleveland Plain Dealer; Mark Eth
ride, editor, Louisville Courier
Journal: Gardner Cowles, Jr, pub
Usher, Des Moines Register-Trib-
une: Fred Gaertner, Jr., managing
editor, Detroit News; Wilbur For
rest, assistant editor, New York
Herald Tribune; H. D. Paulson, ed-
itor, Fargo, N. D., Forum; Tracy
McCraken, editor and publisher,
Cheyenne Tribune; James NJ. North,
editor, Fort Worth Star-Telegrarn.
William d. Chandler, managing ed
itor, San Francisco Chronicle, Is O
member Of the committee but was
unable to be present.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-10-01
DroftOf Dads
Legal Today
CONTINUED from Page y

Continued from Page u
one of the grounds for deferment
under a proposal by Sen. Robert A.
Taft, r., o. He introduced his plan
late Yesterday as a substitute for the
pending bill of Sen. Burton K
Wheeler, D., Mont, to defer the
draft Of all fathers until January
!.
Taft would place the draft on a
national quota instead Of state
quota basis and ban occupational
deferments for men under 30 ur-
less individually approved by their
local board and selective service
director Maj. Gen. Lewis B. Her
shey.
Then, II It became necessary TO
draft pre-war fathers, those from
l8 to "a would be taken first. Next
would come the 20-30 age group
Finally would come the group from
30 to SO,