davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-08-15

of engineers, designers and mechanics
is in being, and is becoming more ex-
pert every day in our amazing airplane,
engine and accessory industry now pro-
ducing at a $4,000 900 ,OO0-a-year clip.
After subtracting from this aggrega-
tion of productive power all the auto
mobile, piano, furniture (even pickle)
producers who have deserted their
regular businesses to pinch-hit in the
air war effort, there will be a more
than adequate production potential.
The airplane and engine mechanics.
propeller ignition, carburetor and radio
specialists, airport servicemen, dis
patchers and traffic controllers will flock
to civil aviation in more than ample
numbers from the civilian and military
training schools and from the armed
forces.
According to statements widely dis
cussed when Congress was considering
selective service matters during the
last session. 1t can be roughly estimated
that about 3,500,OO0 men will have been
put into the air arms of the Nation
by the wars close. Probably some AGO.
900 of them will have been trained or
partly trained as flyers, the balance in
other phases of aviation work.
Add to the 1000, most of whom
will be released from the armed forces.
an even greater number of men who could
not meet the rigid medical and other
requirements for Army or Navy pilots
and who, therefore, sought the next
best solution-air or ground crew service.
Prehisht Training.
Add the $4,000 to 100000 boys
signed up for pilot training who
will not have actually entered such
training before the wars close. Add
the thousands of boys and girls leaving
high school after taking pref1ight aero
nautics courses in their local high
schools Anacostia. Central, Calvin
Coolidge, Eastern, Mckinley, Roosevelt,
Western, Woodrow Wilson, Armstrong,
Cardozo and Dunbar in the District of
Columbia, among them-and who have
passed their written examinations for
private pilot certificates. There you have
Evening star., 1943-08-15

for the high school graduates who go on to
college, similar and more advanced aero
nautical training VIII be found in the
curricula of most institutions. And so
the initial potential pilot pool will be
continuously fed.
Plans for New Light Planes.
And now for the airplanes-what kind
and for how much money? Designers
come to CAA week by week with docu-
ments which contain some of the an
swers. They come because they must
have CAA certiflcation that their prod
ucts meet Federal requirements for
structural safety and flying performance
before they may produce and sell them
to the public.
Evening star., 1943-08-15
CAA Photo,

types of planes in the postwar market as
soon as peacetime production gets under
way. The first will be greatly improved
models of the civil aircraft now being
floWn-the kind that will meet the taste
and the lean or fat pocketboOks of the
trained flyers returning from the war.
They will be highly maneuverable, will
not use too much gasoline, and will
answer the sporty tastes of the skilled
flyer who grew up in similar types They
will probably be priced all the way from
$1,000 to SIS 600
The second type will be the armchair"
plane for the family trade Ideally, it
will be a twin-engined Job seating four
or five people, although a larger number
will be single-engined with two to four
Evening star., 1943-08-15

war. With additional buildings It could
house them, but with the nearly 200 COM
mercial schedules in and out daily it
could not operate efficiently. So WASH
ington has a ring of airports reasonably
accessible to its residential areas.
There are Hybla Valley and Beacon
Field to the south, Congressional to the
northwest, Queens Chapel to the north,
and College Park, Green Belt and Cap
itol to the northeast. Probably another
will eventuate to the westward out Falls
Church way and still another in the
stretch between Congressional and COL
lege Park. This type of setup will be
repeated in due proportion at all other
populous centers and the accommoda-
tions available at these types of airports
will grow In proportion vastly exceeding
growth in numbers.
Solving Washington's Problems.
Where Washington fits into this total
picture Is a problem that only WASH
lngtonians can solve, but undoubtedly
there is going to be phenomenal growth
in private f1ying-as phenomenal as the
growth in automobiling after the last
war. Every thoughtful man has long
been aware of the profound influence
which the motor car has had upon every
part of America and every phase of our
ives-upon all of our institutions, ira
ditional points of view modes of recre-
alton, business habits, industrial TECH
nology, marketing practices, city plan
ning-and the general pattern of liv-
ing. The airplane is likely to have a
similar influence. 1t will intensity some
of our present problems and create new
ones of its own. They can be solved only
by clear foresight and intelligent an
ticipation of the difficulties to be met
and overcome.
Here let me add one word of caution,
Some aviation enthusiasts are predict-
ing that the airplane is about, to make
our railroads, steamships and trucks OBJ
solete. Maybe so, but for one doubt
the probability of the airplane carving
any large amounts of heavy bulk freight
except where surface transport Is nom
existent. Extravagant claims along this
line merely confuse and mislead the
public about the real values of aviation,
The question here, as in all commer-
cial air operations, is relative cost COM
pared to other forms of TRANSPORTATION.
Traffic tends to flow, other things being
equal, along the cheapest medium of
transportation. Higher rates will only
be paid when some advantage can be
gained by great speed of delivery. con-
Venlence of service, f1exibility of OPERA
ton, or similar factors Air TRANSPORT
service does offer speed, convenience and
fexibility. But so far as the general run
OF freight Is concerned the differential
between plane rates per ton-mile at
10 to Is cents in the foreseeable future,
and those offered by railroad, truck and
steamship at fraction of cent now.
is still very large I cannot vision our
wheat, iron ore, coal, petroleum products
and building materials winging their
way to their destinations.
The airplane has an essential lob to
perform, and it will do this. by supple
mentlng-and not by supplanting-other
forms of transportation. In its own
proper field, however, the future of the
plane, either as form of transport or
as pleasure craft, is practically bound
less
Evening star., 1943-08-15

types sketched above. Others will avail
themselves of a Livery stable" service
which has already been started by fixed
base operators across the Nation dn-
cluding some in Washington with an
eye to the future. These men will have
stables of planes which can be rented
very much as grandfather rented the
horse and buggy to take out his best
girl. Rentals will be comparable to the
you-drive-it rentals developed in the
automobile field during the 1905.
For those who have no desire to fly
except as passengers. there is promise
Immediately after the war of greatly
reduced rates and increased services.
Juan Trippe, president of Pan American
Airways. goes so far as to say that WASH
ington will be less than 10 hours from
London by plane with a one-way fare of
500. Everything considered, this price
is probably too low, at least for imme-
diate postwar purposes. but undoubtedly
the increased traffic will bring the prices
down to point where they will match
or even be less than first-class Pull
man travel.
Undoubtedly, there will be planes to
spare to take care of this bracket Of
aviation. 1t has been estimated that to
carry all the non-steersge passengers
crossing the oceans throughout the
world, plus all the passengers now rid
ing in Pullmans. plus all the first-class
and foreign mail of the United States,
plus about Is per cent of express matter
normally carried by express companies,
as well as the normal air carrier traffic
would require fleet of aircraft which
would be equal to about one months
output of our wartime multi-engined
aircraft at the 1894 rate of production.
Airports for Tomorrow.
With the prospects for airmen and
aircraft explored, We come to the third
major fact in air activity-airports An
airport as airmen see it is not Just the
prepared landing area. 1t includes
hangers, service and shop facilities,
weather and communications services
and place to eat even If not place to
sleep. The country is better off than
most people imagine, for it has nearly
5000 civil airports, enough to accom-
modate the flying operations of half
million planes. But a great future
program of constructing the housing and
servicing facilities is indicated, because
existing accommodations are strained to
house and service the less than rs 900
civil airplanes now in use. And many
airports are in places where there are
few or no airplanes, and there are too
few airports where there a great many
airplanes and large potential markets.
There are only 6669 places in the
United States with 1000 population up
wards. Only 3464 of these have $500 or
more people, and of this group only 2O42
house 5000 or more souls. In this top
bracket are but LOTT cities of 10000 and
upward. 1t seems reasonable that all
places of 1000 or more people should be
accessible by air. Since many of these
are suburbs of larger units of popula-
ton they would not necessarily need
separate airports.
However many of the larger cities
will need more than one airport to make
flying accessible to their residents. WASH
lngton is an example. It's National Air
port finest in the country and probably
in the World-could not accommodate
all the Washington aircraft before the
Evening star., 1943-08-15

fshed a system of airway and airport
system, the records of which. together
with those of its aircraft and airman in
spection service, constitute a wealth of
factual material concerning aviation
progress during the past decade or more
from which an estimate Of future pros
poets may be constructed.
Airplane Movements at Peak.
An average of 1,376,514 airplane move
ments per month over the Federal air.
ways alone has been reached during the
last few months, 54S18 of them recorded
for the Washington control center area
and this despite the restrictions on civil
ian flying in this a defense zone. This
does not include the enormous number
of local flights not flying along an air.
way, The Washington National Airport
traffic control tower alone has handled
an average of 1855 cross-country and
local flights monthly. OF course most
of the flying now is military-85 per cent,
by actual count, of the airplanes flying
Tic al ways arc hiuly, navy, VI
Coast Guard aircraft.
The factors necessary for this antic-
tpated upsurge in aviation are four
airmen, aircraft airpcrts, and purchas-
ing power or standard of living OBJ
viously, the latter is out of bounds for
CAA people who know about flying
snd are in no sense economists. They
have to rely on an assumption that the
economic situation will in general, be
similar to that following the last WorlG
War, when there existed demand for
and ability to purchase many things
not available during wartime either
because of the demands of war produc-
ton, such as homes or motor cars, or
because they had not been adequately
developed before the war, such as radios
and electrical appliances Of many kinds
The shortage of desirable goods is vastly
more pronounced at present.
New Airmen Plentiful.
But the supply of ailmen is an assured
factor. / say airmen because aviation
requires many skilled technicians in
addition to pilots. An ample supply
Evening star., 1943-08-15
Washington One Nations Busiest Aport Plans Postwar
BY Charles l. Stanton,
Administrator, Ctuu AeronauticS Administration.


estimated
in
will doubt than double the load and mail that
o a o a end.
perfectly
Evening star., 1943-08-15

The Ercoupe ich includes many features OF the family
type OF plane Stall and proof solo this plane
fraction Of the time required for the conventional type plane
The tricycle. landing contributes safety factor ac
makes landings and takeos and safe for the inexperienced
flyer.
Evening star., 1943-08-15

An airport traffic controller at the Washington National
Airport Expected postwar traffic Washington REQUIRE
the assistance Of at least second transport terminal airport
to help in carrying estimated number of
scheduled arrivals and departures -cAA Photo
Evening star., 1943-08-15
Many Will Buy Planes.

But we do not expect that aircraft will
total more than a small fraction of the
number of motorcars in operation. They
cannot (even the helcopter be parked
at the curb or in suburban backyard
garage and used to dash out to the
movies store or office. 1t seems that
they might better compare with the
pleasure boat population, bearing in
mind the great areas where there is no
water to float the boats but plenty of
lard and air for aircraft.
More and more persons who can afford
1t will buy airplanes of one of the three
Evening star., 1943-08-15

The work that designers in the indus
try are doing in the light plane field is
extremely confidential. The president of
one light plane company has made his
postwar plans so secret that he himself
doesn't know what his designers are up
to. We are therefore not at liberty to
talk about the details. We may only
generalize.
Current designs clearing through the
CAA indicate that there will be three
Evening star., 1943-08-15

seats. 1t will have simplified controls-a
wheel to turn the airplane right or left
and to level the wings, and to push or
pull to nose down or nose up. A throttle
only will be required for engine control.
Fuel mixture and carburetor heat control
will be automatic. A tricycle. landing
gear will simplify and make less hazard
Gus the landing and take-off which have
always called for the greatest degree of
flnesse outside of acrobatic exhibition
flying. 1t probably will not be so fast,
and definitely not so maneuverable or
birdlike in feel, as the first type. But it
will appeal to the family man or woman
who wants to fly for enjoyment and
prefers type which will not stall or
spin if handled inexpertly.
A few models were already on the
market before the war began and are
being refined on the drafting boards
today. These planes should sell for the
price of an expensive present-day auto
mobile-the smaller ones may get down
to as low as ST 200
The Versatile Helicopter..
The third type is the helicopter one
model of which gave such an astonishing
demonstration of versatility in Washing
ton at the CAA airmail anniversary cele-
bration on May 16. With ability to go
straight up and come straight down
under full control. these aircraft have
a vast field of utility closed to other
types. AS taxicabs from far-out airports
to business, hotel and residential dis
tricts, they have an interesting poten-
tial. For dash to a seaside or lakeside
cottage, or to the farm, they have the
advantage of requiring no large prepared
landing areas And how about a fishing
or duck shooting quickie to the lower
Potomac or favorite hunt in Chesapeake
Bay?
1t is not to be expected that the mil
lions who will fly will all own their own
aircraft. Before the war there were more
than million families who owned two
or more automobiles. Many of these
may we'll be persuaded to trade car for
an airplane, or better, add an airplane to
their design for living
Many Will Buy Planes.
Kodiak mirror., 1943-06-19
Youth Found
 Insane

Basil Davrs, IS, of Ouzinkie, was committed to an institution 1 in Portland, Ore. after a jury hearing Tuesday before Probate Judge c. c. Naughton at which time Davis was adjudged insane. The jurors were l.. F. Nachtweih Stuart H. Nuckols, Jack Delane, V. l.. Tyler, F. G. Ayers and l. K. Wod finger. Testimony was given by Dr A. Holmes John son, Paul Herring, Evelyn Bres- lich and BasiPs mother.
 The complaint in the case was signed by deputy U. s. Marshal Paul Herring, and followed dis covery of Davis in a house on Mission road which he had brok- en into and ransacked, When caught he was hiding in a closet dressed only in women's gar ments belonging to the occupant of the residence, Evelyn Breslich.
 In February. 1942, Davis was held for investigation in jail here at which time he confessed kill ing his brother, 6 years old, but repudiated the confession after a search by Herring failed to disclose the body where he had said he buried it. The miss ing brother has never been found.
Kodiak mirror., 1943-06-19
City Changes
 Taxi Rules

At the combined request of the OPA and the base, "local' taxis were ruled out by adopt ion of a new ordinance at the special meeting of the city coun- Gil Tuesday.
 The new ordinance provides that city taxi drivers licenses will be automatically suspended or revoked to correspond with similar action by the base, and in addition requires deposit of a cash bond of $1O0 to the city clerk.
 The ordinance applies to all licenses now in effect and the bond is subject to forfeiture by the council upon conviction of liquor or traffic violation. As a taxi operators license will be granted only to those with a base pass, drivers without base passes operating locally are auto matically out of business.
 The ordinance was also amended to provide that each app ication of transfer of taxi business license require a fee of $5.
Kodiak mirror., 1943-06-19
Explosion Burns Two

Andrew Petersen and Norman Hangartner, fishermen, are being treated at the Griffin Memorial hospital for burns received in an explosion aboard a fishing boat near Uganik fisheries June 12. Petersen suffered burns on the face and hands and Hangartner on his arms. Both are recovering nicely under the new paraffin treatment.
 The men were entered at the Army hospital when first brought here because of furnace trouble at the town hospital but were transferred this week.
 Neither patient could account for the cause or the explosion.
Kodiak mirror., 1943-06-19
African Front

Surrender of Italy's Lampe- dusa < Linosa islands eliminated ? more small strongholds of the Italian defense ring Combined bombardment by air & sea pow CT brought garrisons of both to their knees. It was revealed the surrender of Pantelleria was ord cred personally by Mussolini. Port of Messina in Sicily was heavily attacked by Wellingtons at night with 2-ton blockbusters & incendiaries. RAF planes of Malta attacked rail & industrial targets in Sicily & Italy.
Kodiak mirror., 1943-06-19
Tax Quarter Payment Due

In answer to a telegraphic in- quiry to the Collector of Internal Revenue at Tacoma, Warren A. Taylor, local attorney, received the following reply:
 "The second quarterly install ment of the income tax was due June 15."
 The payment is due despite the new income tax law.
Kodiak mirror., 1943-06-19
Other Business

The council approved expend- iture of $2350, estimated needed for road improvements, includ- ing widening of of Tugorra, ex- tension of street across the school grounds and other work.
 The school committee was in- structed to look into the matter of 8 slide type fire escape for the schoolhouse, reported a necessity by Fire Chef Wm. Neiderhaus- CT The chief said he had made a survey of fire extinguishers, and asked that all persons having fire extinguishers furnished by the city turn them in at the fire hall for seryicIng.
 A lease between the city and the Public Works Agency on the two fire trucks was also approved.
 As plumbing is not covered in the building code the city clerk applied to Seattle for sample or dinances on the subject as a model for one here. The sewer committee was also asked to in- Vestigate the present connecting of private users 10 the sewer system.
 Councilman Pearson reported investigation disclosed that a 30 by 40 room could be constructed Tn the unused third floor of the s chool for not less than $3OO0.
 Continued on page 4)
Kodiak mirror., 1943-06-19
News HighIights
Pacific Front

In one of the greatest air bat
 ties of the Pacific, American
 planes shot down v Japanese
 aircraft from an armada of 100
 over Guadalcanal Wed against
 the loss of 6. The Navy an- nounced that never before had the enemy's air losses in that area been so heavy. The total
 was almost double Jap losses of
 April : when 39 dropped in a single raid. In this latest toll of Jap planes were 32 bombers X 45 Zeros, a 13 to 1 score com pared with US losses. Indications were not clear why the enemy force was so large unless the Japs believe Guadalcanal plays an important role in plans for the next American push. At Kendari in the Du oh East Indies, Allied bombers dumped 16 tons of ex- plosives on a Jap airdrome, des- troying many parked aircraft & starting large fires. Ventura med ium bombers attacked Kiska, scoring hits on the man camp area, runway & anti-aircraft bat teries. From Alaska 1000 See Bees of the 4th battalion arrived at Oakland, the first to leave & the first to complete a years work Members said they didn't mind the work but did mind the piercing cold.
Kodiak mirror., 1943-06-19
Pafernai Parent
 Rates Attention

It doesn't matter whether you call him pster, dad, papa, gover- nor, father, or. affectionately, "the old man. "-temorrow is his day.
 That's right-Sunday, June 20, is Fathers Day.
Kodiak mirror., 1943-06-19
Former Resident Dies In Seattle

Word has been received here that Violet LaFollette, former well-known resident here, died in Seattle June 12 after a short illness. She is survived by her husband.
 The deceased left Kodiak last September after three years re- sidence.
Kodiak mirror., 1943-06-19
Utilities
 Transferred

Announcement is made else where in this issue of the dis posal of the w. J. Erskine com pany interest in the Erskine water system to the Kodiak Water Works, as of June 30.
 Announcement is also made that all pipes connected 10 the main water llne, that are not the property of the w. J. ErskiDe company, will be severed after July 1 and re-connected after application at place to be de- signated later and in accordance with the possible capacity of the system.
 A spokesman for the system said the action was not taken to deprive any user of water, but merely to determine ownership of water lines, many joined "unknowingly" to the lines.
 A communication from W. J. Erskine, addressed to P. J. Wat kinsop, Vice President of the w. J. Erskine Company, has been received, announcing the eon- summation of a lease of the dock properties operated by them Tn Kodiak to the Kodiak Dock < Warehouse Company, con- 'pany organized for this purpose and consisting of local and San Francisco capital. The agree ment of this matter had been completed last year before the death of Mrs. Erskine, except for minor details, and the illness of MT. Erskine in San Francisco has contributed to the delay in this announcement.
 MT. Erskine has been under doctors care fos some months past, and is now in a hospjtal re- covering fr' m a serious operation.
 The transfer Ot the dock faci]- ities to- the Kodiak Dock < Warehouse Company and the transfer of the Erskine Water works System to the Kodiak Waterworks marks the definite withdrawal of the w. J. Erskine Company from the pubic utll- ity business. It is understo food that the capital which will in future operate these two enter prises is interlocking.
 The local management ofboth utilities will remain in the hands of MT. Watkinson pending the recovery and return of MT. Erskine and the setting up of their local offices here
Kodiak mirror., 1943-06-19

The fleet of over-age destroy CTS turned over to the British by US in 1922 has sunk Or damaged 25 Axis subs.
Kodiak mirror., 1943-06-19
Russlan Front

Soviet reports early this week claimed 1050 Germans killed by Red alrmen in their massed raids of the 9 preceding weeks. More than 150 Nazi aircrrft were said destroyed this week in raids of 700 Soviet planes, concentrating on German rear areas.
Kodiak mirror., 1943-06-19
Docks

The matter of construction by the city of a municipal dock was discussed, and 5000 was author ize for investigation of possible sites. P J.lWatkinson, vice pres ident of the W. J. Erskine & Co.,, owners of the only present dock, said that dock was available for lease or purchase by the city and the committee was instructed to consider that offer also.
Kodiak mirror., 1943-06-19

Mrs. Walter Evans underwent an appendectomy Wednesday morning at the Griffin hospital.
Kodiak mirror., 1943-06-19

Mrs. Al Nixon has been ap- pointed by the city to check on business licenses.