davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-06-21
Most Secret Weapon
Radar, Was Product
OF Faith and COURAGE
Navy Scientists Worked
Secretly Many Years
To Perfect Device

Radar Is the United States
secret supertDeapon-the radio
"eyes" of our armed forces. The
story OF its Development Is q
story OF hotD a small group of
naval scientists kept the project
alipe In the face OF Official in
erttd. John M. Hightotper of the
Associated Press tells the story
50 far as it may be told tolD-in
this, the first OF series OF
articles.
BY JOHN M. HIGHTOWER,
tcopyrisht, 1s4s. By The Associated Press.)
Radar, the most revolutionary new
weapon of this war-an instrument
that has secretly shaped the course
of victory in many historic battles
was originally developed in the
United States as q by-product of
radio research by little group of
naval scientists. long on faith and
short on funds.
Had they not presevered in their
work in the face of official inertia,
compounded in many instances by
scoffing disbelief, the United States
might have lost the war about 10
TO 20 years before it began.
To military and naval men now,
1t Is inconceivable that we should
have entered this struggle without
Radar. The record shows the SCI
entists began to realize that fact
more than 20 wears AGO
Development Long Foreseen.
Long before the battle of Guadal-
canal. they envisioned radio "eyes"
to let warships "see" through fog
and darkness. Long before the Bat
tie of Britain, they foresaw a wall
of detective rays ringing the from
tiers of nations endangered by air
attack. Almost before airplanes few
at night, they conceived the ideas
which make todays Allied night
fighters the deadly killers they are.
This Is the story of Radar, so far
as 1t it may be told now, and of the
men who made it.
Two months ago the story could
not have been told at all. Radar was
so secret and its secrecy was con-
sidered so vital to the United Ma
tions that even mention of the name
was taboo.
1t is true that the Axis had a sim
liar instrument; but the admirals
and generals who decide such things
believed ours was a lot better than
theirs-knew If by performance if
nothing else. They did not want
any loose talk about Radar so they
ordered no talk at all.
Peacetime Use Assured.
What the scientists, being naval
research men, apparently did not
fully anticipate is that they were
spawning new branch of the
radio industry in the field of elec-
Evening star., 1943-06-21
Twin Girls Boss Students

LOS ANGELES, (P.-City College
students may get their leaders con-
fused, or vice versa, next semester.
Jean Tuttle was elected president
Of the associated student body; Bar
bara Tuttle was chosen to head the
associated women students. They're
twin girls.
Evening star., 1943-06-21
Are You Troubled With
Arthritis?

Why not try MOUNTAIN VALLEY MN.
ERAL WATER from Hot Springs, Afkansas.
It has been sold in Washinston for ever 20
years with splendid results. Phone he.
1862 for . case today.
Mountain Valley Water Co.
ME-. 1852. oaa 10Th n NV
Evening star., 1943-06-21

Don't lose hope til you've tried .
Star Want Ad." MA. 5000.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1943-10-20
TWO KINDS OF JUSTICE

disturbing example of the kind of impartial" law
enforcement soemny promised by Lloyd Shorett in his
campaign for prosecuting attorney apparent this
seamen to the penenary for five imsy charges
which fell apart in court.
Despite the most energetic efforts of Shores chief
deputy, Floyd w Reischling the jury brushed aside
his plea completely exoneraed two of the three victims
and reduced the charge against the third which is
under appeal.
The action becomes particularly outrageous when it
recalled that Shoret Office fatty refused to prosecute
three policemen who brualy beat and permanently in
jured a Negro worker whose only crime was that
he working in the shpyards helping build ships to
win the war.
Reschlng cynically admitted the Negro had been
beaten but refused to prosecute the because he
said, he personally didn't like Negroes Shorett, in
formed of Reischngs refusal to enforce the law prom
Used to Investigate" and then became absentee
from his Office when the New World repeatedly called
to find out the results of his inquiry Nothing has hap
pened except that the Office displays burst of energy
in trying to railroad three merchant who
sailing in enemy-nfested waters carrying supplies to
armed forces.
In recent address, Shoret urged labor to stay out
of politics. His advice is understandable For he knows
labor examines the record of his office that will want
know why there to wknds enforcement dealt
by his office
Perhaps he explain it.-New World.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1943-10-20
ARMY APPROVES DORMITORY
SITE FOR COLORED TROOPS

Approval was received today
from Ninth Service Command
Headquarters by Major Ralph J..
Sitets of the U. s. Army Recrea-
tional Camp at Jefferson Park for
a new dormitory and recreational
site for colored troops at 1912
King street, formerly used as a
Japanese Buddhist temple.
This project was undertaken
at the request of a special COM
mittee appointed by Mayor Will
liam Devin, who asked 1t. Col
onel William Beveridge, chief of
the Special Service Branch, Per-
sonnet Division of the Ninth Ser
vice Command, to investigate and
solve the problem in Seattle OF
providing adequate sleeping ar
rangements and amusement for
colored service men.
After dealing with the War Re
location authorities, and with the
Mayor5's special committee, ali
possible sites for the proposed
camp were investigated, and this
present location was chosen by
the Army as being the only i'm
mediate solution.
1t is exected that the War
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1943-10-20
POLE CAT CONGRESSMAN

When Rep. Eugene Cox Dem, Ga, compelled
to resign the craftsmanship of the House committee in
vestgatng the Federal Communications Commission
(FCC), he charged with improper acceptance of
$4,000 fee from a radio station.
Defending him in a speech Dmocratic Leader John
McCormac kMass) said, "The people of Cox's district
proud of him."
Are they? WE'LL here the facts: Cox is poll
tax Congressman from state Georgia. where citizen
has to pay from 81 to SAT before he vote. The
purpose of this is to keep all colored and poor white
people from voting.
The scheme works so that in CoXs district, where
273 thousand citizens of voting age reside only around
thousand votes were enough to elect Cox in 1912
Here is Congressman who sits in the nations high
est awmakng body by vote of per cent of the people
of his district.
When, therefore, Rep. Mccormack, with tears in his
voice. said that the people in Coxs district proud of
him. he could only the thousand who voted for
him-not the 270 thousand who couldn't who didn't.
We have referred to Mr. Cox pol-tax Congress
This method of DISTINGUISHING voters smeslls so
bad that it ought to be appropriate to refer to
those elected by it pole cat
News
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1943-10-20

Commission will sign al ease for
the property and present it to the
Army. Facilities will then be
provided to duplicate as closely
as possible those already avail
able at the Jefferson Park camp.
The main floor of the building
at 1912 King street will be con-
verified into combined gymna-
SUM and dance hall. Game room
features and shower rooms are
to cover the downstairs area.
Three sleeping barracks will be
erected to the rear and to the
side of the structure to accommo-
date up to 500 service men. In
addition other structures will be
erected on a lot across the street
from the building as they are
needed.
Both camps will have the same
commanding officer and be
manned by the same personnel.
Proposed name for the new prof.
ect is the U. S. Army Rrecrea-
tional Camp, Colored Annex.
Further details, however, are
being worked out in conjunction
with the Seattle War Commission.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1943-10-20

tory facilities for Negro troops,
using this station personnel. This
authority automatically includes
facilities such as water, heat,
light and telephone service.
Therefore, in keeping with verbal
instructions from my Command
ing Officer I will be pleased to
negotiate matters with the War
Commission without delay, as it
is my understanding that time is
the essence of the service to be
rendered.
2. I am somewhat disturbed
over the apparent lack of pur-
pose. and uncertainty among the
eolored people as exressed by
duly authorized representative at
the Florence Whatley meeting
last Monday, to which the War
Commission was invited and to
which their co-benefactor uni
ted States Army was excluded.
Furthermore l do not feel justi-
fed in expending Government
funds, nor would l so do in q
project that did not meet the ap-
proval of these headquarters.
RALPH J. Sits,
Major, ONO, Commanding.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1943-10-20
WALKIE LOOMS BIG AS PRESENT
AND POSTWAR LEADER

a game at which We will find our
selves inept and frustrated"
When the war is over, he said,
America in its dealings both With
friends and vanquished foes,
must encourage and seek to
work exclusively with the forces
that are neither Maintained nor
Fascist-tainted."
Turning to the domestic front
he assailed "the palace guard, ;"
who, he said use their multiple
power of government to perpetu-
ate the leader from whom their
importance stems"
''Now even if l agreed with all
the policies of an administration
that has held such power for so
long" he said. 81 would think il
vital to terminate that power"
Wilkie added: 81 Furthermore
believe that the ending of that
power is necessary not only for
the preservation and development
of free society. In the United
States, but for the hope of a free
society in the world"
AS an example of the menace
of one man perpetuating himself
in government rule, Wilkie said !:
"A few days ago the State De-
partment published a white paper
of black record. 1t showed that
our representatives abroad saw
and told our government of the
growing menace of Japan and
Germany, of the danger that one
or both might strike the United
States and involve us in war. But
this information was not impaired
to our people, apparently on the
assumption that diplomacy must
De secret. Yet all the concealment
and apeasement through fear of
aggravation delayed the menace
not one jot.
1.-THE only result was that we,
as a nation, remained unwarned
and unprepared. Meanwhile, our
Congress conducted munitions in
(Continued on Pare ~
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1943-10-20

its representative in this State,
by County War Funds and by
every Community Chest and War
Chest. Sharing in it, by approval
of President Roosevelt's War Re-
lief Control Board, are the United
Service Organizations, War Pris-
oners' Aid, United Seamen's Ser
vice, and the fourteen interna-
tional agencies managing relief
measures for suffering peoples.
Sharing also, in Chest areas, are
the vital home-front agencies
whose work we must maintain.
"In some communities this uni
ted campaign already has begun.
In the next few weeks it will be
under way in every county, city
and town.
Now. therefore, I, Arthur B.
Langlie, Governor of the State of
Washington, by virtue of author
ity in me vested, do hereby pro-
claim the period of October Is to
November rs, 1943,
WAR FUND MONTH
and / urge every citizen to con-
slider thoughtfully, then give gem
erously = "Give once for all
these"-to his united community
campaign.
"In witness whereof, l have
hereunto set my hand and caused
the seal of the State to be af-
fixed at Olympia this fifteenth
day of October, A. D. Nineteen
Hundred Forthy-three.
ARTHUR B. LANGLIE,
Governor of Washington. ="
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1943-10-20
THIS NATION
AT WAR

GREAT LAKES, ILL.,. Oct. l.
Four Washington Negro men are
undergoing their recruit training
Transformation" period from ci-
villains to sea-going, rough and
ready Bluejackets at the U. S.
Naval Training Station here.
Reporting this week they are
steaming full speed ahead with
their naval indoctrination, which
includes the fundamentals of
military drill, seamanship and
naval procedure. They are also
participating in the Nays vigor-
Gus physical hardening program.
On completion of recruit train
ing, they will be granted a nine
day leave, after which they may
attend one of the service schools
here at Great Lakes, Or be as
signd to active duty at sea or to
ShOre station.
Petty officer ratings may be
given Immediately upon compile
tion of the "boot training" to
those men who have had expert
ence in any of the trades used
by the Navy.
The new Washington recruits
are:
George w. Hicks, IL, S71
8th St., Longview;
Paul L. Minisee, 33, ODD 21st
Ave. North, Seattle;
Lawrence w. Jarman, 23,
sos jackson, Seattle;
EIezer Harris, ID, 21G S. 9Th
Ave, Seattle.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1943-10-20
LOT OF NEGRO IMPROVED SAYS MRS.
ROOSEVELT, COP PUBLIC ENEMY NO. |

at would still feel that l ought
to participate to the full in, this
war. When the United Nationf
win, certain things will be ac-
cepte6 as result of principles
which have been enunciated by
the leaders of the United Nations,
which never before have been
part of the beliefs and practices
of the greater part of the world.
1T would not do too much de-
handing. l would take every
chance that came my way to
prove my quality and my ability
and II recognition was slow. |
would continue to prove myself,
knowing that in the end good
performance has to be acknowl-
edged"
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1943-10-20
A. PHILIP RAlVDULPH SC0RES
AFL RACE DISCRIMINATION


dent Of the Blacksmithss John p.
Frey. president Of the A. F. Of L.
metal trades department. and ".
L. Allen. president OF the Teleg-
raphers.
Frey, in a sharp retort, termed
Randolphs statements most dan.
gerous" and the greatest disser-
vice to the eoloreG race since the
Negro became a free man,"
First Lady Quoted
The metal trades department
head asserted that he feared Ran
dolph's statement would be print
ed and widely circulated among
members of his race and foster
discomfort. As evidence that the
Negro worker was not being dis
eliminated against, Frey asserted
that there We're 5000 Negroes en-
ployed in shipyards in San Frai,-
cisco Bay as against none Is
months ago. He then said that
the Negroes had abused the union
by fiocking into shipyards as
strikebreakers during work
stoppage on the West Coast.
Frey then quoted from a re-
cent article appearing in the Ne
gro Digest written by Mrs. Frank
lin d. Roosevelt entitled, "If
were a Negro" He said Mrs.
Roosevelt wrote that she would
not do too much demanding. |
would accept every advance made
but not try to hasten them"
Joseph d. keenan,. vice chair
man for labor production of the
War Production Board. exressed
opposition to labor CONSUMPTION
and declared it would "hamstring
the war effort"
The convention adjourned at
the end of the morning session
until tomorrow.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1943-10-20
CITIZEN RECREATIONAL
COMMITTEE MEETS

Soldiers Recreational Commit
tee at YWCA, 102 21st Ave. No,
rejected the proposed King street
site as a recreational annex to
Jefferson Park. The location was
considered undesirable.
other sites are under consider
ation-1002 Pike street and 23rd
and East Pine street.
The committee will meet again
next Monday night at YWCA, 1O2
21st Ave. No.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1943-10-20
PAN AMERICAN
.AIRWAYSSYSTEM

(The Northwest Enterprise is
publishing the following release
without cost to the Pan Ameri-
can Airway System.
We are, of course, concerned
in the needs Of essential indus
tries.
We are deeply concerned in
the welfare of our race in the
Northwest any employment that
will appeal to us when the war
Is over.
We have asked for and re-
ceived the following release from
Pan American, facts that would
place our readers in a position to
choose work that would assure
them security in the years when
the battle is over.
Read it today. Next week we
will give you the result of our
further NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS..
Dear Mr.. robinson:
This will confirm the verbal
information given to you yester-
day by Mr.. Delebecque and Mr.
Kludas. We will attempt to
cover all the salient points per-
tanning to our employment of
Negro cleaners. For your con-
venience and to expedite refer
ence uses, thy are set up in out
line form as follows:
/. Conditions of Employment:
A-Duration of Employment.
All employment is intended to be
permanent and not merely war
time victory jobs.
B. Surroundings. Work is
done inside large, well-lighted,
ventilated hangar which is kept
very clean. More important than
good physical surroundings is the
COuB6Hldl dlllluuS VI lSllOWSllp
among all employees.
C-Hours. All Maintenance
employees are working a basic
six-day, 4S-hour week, and occa-
sional overtime beyond eight
hours day.
D-Salary. Qualified women
start as 62h c-65c per hour and
men at approximately 75c per
hour. Based on a 4S-hour week,
this converts to about $135 per
month for women and $155 for
men. Time and one-half is paid
for overtime over hours a day.
E-Supervision. All Negro per
sonnet work under Negro supervi-
sion for at least six months, dur
ing their probationary period. II
they continue to work as cleaners
they remain under the same su-
pervision.
F-opportunity for increase in
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1943-10-20

BOSTON. Oct. 12.-The Amer
lean Federation Of Labor con
vention adopted today a commit
tee report deploring race diserim-
ination in unions after an extern
sive debate provoked by a Negro
delegates charge that some un-
ions gave hrs race only the right
to pay dues.
President William Green. pari
ticipating In the discussion, de
clared: "If l had mp way. every
organization in the A. F. of L.
would admit Negroes to member
ship on the same basis of equal
ity as whites" The convention
applauded his statement. Grcan
said, however. he felt the prob
lem could be solved only by IN
Outstanding and education cana
never through the application OF
force"
Negro Protection Reported
Charles MacGowan of the Boil
ermakers, the first to reply to the
accusations of A. Philip Randolph
of the Sleeping-Car Porters, said
he and his union had long been
recognized as an advocate of pro-
lection for the Nero workers.
"Our international union. and
it's officers, has never discrimi-
mated In hire. wages and working
conditions because of race, color,
creed Or national origin" Mac
Gowan said. "This auxiliary
>" he said. referring
to the separate groups into which
Negroes are organized, may not
be the entire answer but you've
got to take conditions as you find
them, not as you wish them"
Other speakers were G. w.
Bugniazet, secretary of the Elec-
trical Workers; Roy Horn, presi-
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1943-10-20

ST. LOUIS.-Wendell L. Wilkie
warned the Republican party not
to choose a presidential candidate
"who hedges or qualities or whose
record is ambiguous on the issues
of the day."
Wilkie told his listeners that
you have heard men call me in
ternationalist and with that word
they try to get the implication
am thereby less an American.
do believe in international coop
Grafton, not because l love Amer
lea less but because l love her
more-America of well-being, OF
Jobs. of opportunity, of ideals and
of free men,"
These things l have talked
about, l believe in as deeply IS
life itself. And for these things
expect to fight and fight to the
very end" he said.
Wilkie said last night that the
cause of world peace would not
be advanced by defensive and
offensive alliances between any
two of the principal allies" and
called for peace organization on
a world basis.
II can testify from personal OBJ
seryation," Wilkie said in his
speech prepared for delivery,
THAT all the world turns to
America for leadership. There
fore, tentatively, hopefully,
should like to see this country
exercise its utmost qualities of
leadership and moral force to
bring Great Britain, Russia, Chi
ma and the United States to a
point of understanding where
they will make a joint declaration
of intention as preliminary to
forming a common council of all
the nations.
Power Politics Deplored
Wilkie said the goal of world
peace would be missed eff Amer
lea tries to play a hand at the
old game of power politics.
game which is played always at
the price of permanent peace and
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1943-10-20

CHICAGO. Oct. IL. = Mrs.
Franklin d. Roosevelt asserted
yesterday in an article written
for the October issue of Negro
Digest that:
"If l were a Negro today, l
think I would have moments OF
great bitterness. 1t would be
hard for rle to sustain mo faith
In democracy and to build up a
sense of good will toward men
of other races.
ST think, however, that would
realize that IL my ancestors had
never left Africa, we would be
worse of as natives today under
the rule of any other country
than l am in this country, where
my people were brought up as
slaves.
''In a comparatively short pc
Rod of time the slaves have he
come free men-free men, that
Is as far as a proclamation can
make them SO. There now re-
mains much work to be done to
see that freedom becomes fact
and not just a promise for my
people.
81 know. however, tina. an.
not the onlp group that has to
make a similar fight. Even WON
en- OF the white race still suffer
inequalities and injustices, ard
many groups of white people In
my country are the slaves OF
economic conditions,
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1943-10-20
REGISTER TO VOTE

democracy to participate in the processes of his own
government by voting Now when the freedom loving
peoples of the world, ourselves and allies
batting Fascism which denies the common people any
form of political expression responsibility to vote
increases especially since it is sefevident fact that
there Hitherto Fifth Column defeas and appeaser
elements among who seek office in order to enrench
themselves in positions where they sabotage the
national effort to win this BALLOTS ARE AS
IMPORTANT AS BULLETS FOR THE WINNING OF
THE WAR. The officials whom elect control
felow-citizens who must use the bullets.
Residents of Seattle may register daily from a. m.
to p. m.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1943-10-20
SUPPUKI The WAX CHEST

The King county and Seattle second annual War
chest campaign-to raise their share of the National
War Funds under way this week. and the Negroes
of the city and county expected respond just
generously TO this effort they did IN investing in bonds
IN the third loan drive, in It's final stages
Locally, three deserving Negro social agencies
bene6ciaries of the War Chest-the Seattle Urban
League, Y. W. C. -, Y. NJ e A The contributions Of
each of these groups to Negro life Is well known
Another agency, very much in the fore Y. that
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1943-10-20
NEGROES ENTERTAINED

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS first COM
munity center for Negroes is to
be opened at Liverpool under the
sponsorship of the colonial office,
which has furnished $4,000 for
the purchase of the premises The
opetating costs will be provided
locally.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1943-10-20

ally, It gets money than does any other
the USO. The services that the USO renders the men
and IN the armed forces and auxiaries, their
families and kin too well known to require any
elaboration. There few families in America today
that do have of their loved in the
There few that not, either directly indirectly,
served at time another by USO.
Another national agency that is a participating
vice of the War Fund the War Prisoners Aid Negroes
of American and other natonaltes among the pro
incarceraed in Germany and Japan. Negroes