davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1943-12-06
Freight Rates

There are now before Congress number OF
bills designed to make railroad freight rata
uniform throughout the nation. On the surface,
they sound sensible. Ali of them put rates on
mileage basis. Yet regulatory authorities, as
well as railroad arrangements, discovered
long ago that rates cannot in practice be bas-
ed on nlilage or distance alone.
The primary concern OF the railroads is to
make commerce move The Transportation
Committee of the Chamber of Commerce of
the United States, in consideration of this prin.
ciple has made public report opposing legis-
lative rate-making. which, in part, says:
Business and industry in the United States
are built on the theory that producers should
be able to reach the widest possible markets
and that consumers should have the widest
possible choice of source of supply-in short
that there should be free flow OF commerce
and the widest possible distribution of goods
'In accomplishing this result, a flexible
and adjustable structure of railroad freight
rates has been of prime importance. Generally
speaking, these rates have been based upon
competitive condition, recognizing that COM.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1943-12-06
The Literary Guidepost

fainting ribaId book by John Philip
Souse, III, called my Family,
Right or Wrong" Corporal St.
George has done the successor to
See Here, Private Hargrove," and
Mr.. Sousa has put his fortunately
Incredible family on record for
posterity. It's really funny all the
way.
But of all the books of humor,
the most interesting job is Man
nix Walkers Count on Two Days"
This is one of the few successful
attempts in recent years to pro-
duce a light novel with sustained
plot which combines mystery
and humor and honest characteri-
zatlon. Nothing in writing is more
ol1Icult than this effort, and if
had neice with a sense of humor
ana the cleverness to understand
what the author is trying to do, l
certainty should risk stretching her
last pair of nylons with Count on
Two Days." come Christmas morn
ing.
Individually, cartoons are anus
ing, but for me cartoons in the
bulk defeat each other. Whitney
Darrow's You're Sitting on My
Eyelashes" and George Prices
Here's How, Anybody" will do
for anybody whose humor is rea.
sonably robust.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1943-12-06
By JOHN SELBY
It's not been a funny year

The very young are the only
ones fol whom there is no very
funny book in this very unfunny
wear. There are innumerable
amusing BOOKS for children, &C.
cording 10 ire jackets. The product
is less hilarious
But there are few items for the
older ones. never know what audi
ence James Thurber is aiming for.
but he mas been at it again this
year with another collection of
Thurberiana called Men Women
and Dogs.
Emily Kimbrough, obviously the
funny bunny of the combination
which a year ago produced Our
Hearts Were Young and Gay" has
done another heart book with
out Cornelia Otis Skinner. It's
womans book, for anybody adele
scent or beyond, and it is dis
tinguished by the fact that although
Mrs. KimbrougA's Hollywood is
gay always and whooping funny
at times, there is a lot of good
sense ABOUT movie makers and the
movie capital in the book '''s
PROBABLY Papa will be more
amused than Mama with 90
r. postmaster" by Cpl Thomas r
ST. George, and by that odd and
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1943-12-06
Raymond Clapper Says:
Facilities For Keeping
World Peace Available

have big start on the solution.
Third, the four leaders of the
Allied powers, through somewhat
accidental circumstances, have be.
come the chief instruments
through which all of the other in
struments can be brought to bear
on the problem of achieving secu-
rity and peace.
They are a working team, func-
tioning every day to complete the
victor, and to begin the process OF
insuring its perpetuation. Roose-
welt, Churchill, Stain and Chang
are human instruments. Without
them, with an one of them failing
to work in the team, the outlook
would be desperate.
Probably not until personal me-
moirs are written will we really
know what anxiety existed during
the period when we were not GER
tain whether Russia would join the
team. Until the Moscow confer
ence it was not clear whether Rus
STA would go isolationist, or join
with the Western Powers to keep
the peace. Russia going it alone
might have been another Germany.
Stain had the decision and he de-
cjded in favor of cooperation with
Other peace-minded nations in
stead of isolation and another per-
;od of anarchy.
We all realize what the Russian
army has meant toward victory,
and the Raj, the Eighth Air
Force, the Bits, the Lancasters,
and the American and British nav
les. Also essential to victory and
&c security afterward are the four
Allied statesmen. That personal
team has become in itself mighty
instrument. This foursome is bind
ing the dominant military might
Of the world on the side of security
and peace.
For the time being, they become
mere than politicians. They become
instruments of war and subsequent
security and peace. They must
be conserved and used to those
ends.
Read the dripping account of
bloody Tarawa by Robert Sherrod
IN this weeks Time magazine. He
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1943-12-06
Battle Of Berlin

Lieut. Gen. Sir Douglas BroW'rigg, former
adjutant general CT the British field forces,
holds the opinion that the battle of Berlin may
The first, he thinks, was the battle of Britain
which proved that England would live. The
battle of Berlin may prove that Germany shall
not.
Sir Douglas view invites some inquiry It
suggests that the Luftwaffe was incapable of
lacked the necessary tire power and because
the people of Britain could hot be cowed On
the other hand, the Allied air forces which
are hammering Berlin and other German war
centers, having had tine to build air fleets
far superior to Germanys even when the
LuftWaffe was strongest may continue their
raids indefinitely, and the German people
cannot take it and go on fighting as the Brit
ish did when enemy blows were coming fast
est with the most devastating effect.
Another aspect of the European situation,
which Sir Douglas probably considered, is
that whereas the Germans failed to soften Eng
land sufficiently for invasion the Allies have
already opened land offensive III Continental
Europe.
1t is this combination of honlbings and
ground attack which holds the key to Ger
many's downfall Sir Douglas points out that
air assault can be IN full bias while forces
of land and sea making their longer
preparations. We saw TINS conclusively proved
in Tunisia and Sicily, he says Air assault
caused the armies of Col Gen. Jurgen Won
Arnim to lose all cohesion during their last
days in Tunisia and the Allied land forces
came in and finished the job.
Likewise in Sicily the Raj ard the USAAF
had cleared every servi:eabte hostile plane off
Sicilian air fields before the armies of Lieut.
Gen. George s. Patton, Jr., and General Mont
gomery set foot on Slcil,an soil. Ali power had
done its major work before the Army and
Navy came on the scene at all
The same thing is going forward in Italy
now, both in advance OF Montgomery's Eighth
Army which has cracked the German line on
the east, and ahead of Clark's Fifth Army, at
last in motion and moving toward Rome. OBJ
viously similar moves are in the making
and particularly Berlin which, though not
prime fortress itself is nevertheless the very
heart of the German war effort.
General Brownrigg has much to support his
view that the battle OF Berlin may we'll de-
eide the outcome of the war in Europe With
much of Berlin already in ashes. it seems
that the may end sooner il the city is
completely demolished.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1943-12-06
The Lesson Of Tarawa

The victory at Tarawa was so costly,
controversy has sprung up ove- the possibl-
lity that preliminary attack was too brief, and
that if it had continued longer many lives
might have been saved.
General Holland McTiere Smith at Pearl
Harbor points out that the action had to be
swift if advantage was to be taken of the
surprise element and that the longer we
remain in the area (before assault the more
liable we are to attack by sea- under sea and
the air. If it had not been for the intensive
fire from the air and the accompanying naval
craft he believes, the Japanese could have
started counterattack on the day of the land
ing or the next day.
Theoretically, General Smith doubtless is
right Whether the enemy could have counter
attacked, as he suggests, must remain mat
ter of speculation. But there was one lesson
at Tarawa which can be applied to other
similar assaults upon japanese island strong
holds to good advantage. 1t is that the enemy
has gone to great trouble to build defenses
as nearly impregna5le as they can be made
and that attacks upon them from the shore
and in the open before they have been reduced
will always be costly.
Blockhouses on TaraWa, for example, were
found to have concrete walls five feet thick.
with heavy angleirons superimposed at roof
corners and on top of all ten to twelve feet of
coral and sand. General Smith says that
nothing less than a direct hit by 2O00-pound
bo,y
Lacking bomb hits, it remained for the
marines to take them, in the costliest battle
considering the force involved, American:
have engaged in this far.
Japan has had ample time to fortify Other
positions as strongly. When they must be at
tackled, our military men will at least have the
lesson of Tarawa to govern their action.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1943-12-06
interpreting
The War
BY ELTON c. FAY
Associated Press War Analvs,

One of the greatest needs il,
the Allied commanders of 4bo ~
ian front at this moment i hr
sky. '
For days, communicates fro.,
that theater have mentioned w.,
verse weather. conditions wbis.
put a crlmp in the use o. zr.,
ton. W"
With much of the current a.,.
ing IN mountainous terrain SIT
support is urgent. Planes can an srs ''
explosives at points and in 't .o-
mage not possible for artil1o ,Y.''
Inc heavily-reinforced posit'os y,
lhto winch the Nazis have drS
themselves on mountain ,; g.s
don't have a roof any more ' tSss
Hitler's Europe. '''aa
Moreover, artillery itself
$50 1870 appeq When the air arm i
grounded. In mountain figbtna
where shells must be lobbaJ ' "'s,
an intervening ridge into ena grV'
held territory, ground obseyatior
posts. are not always avaiIabIa ',,,
spot and correct the annfiro p"
Planes make that possible
Therefore, until the skies o,,
generally over the Italian f l[,a'
it would appear that the old stsr5 '
by of all armies, the mfan s~'
must continue to batter its way
inch by mech, virtually alone
Although lateral roads nogr "a
the front over which the GermsnS
can SHIFT reserves quickly have
been cut and they are under besrv
pressure both from the British 9Th
Army on the east and Gene,aI
Mark Clark's 5th Army on tlm
west, the enemy so far has n.
Dictated no intention of faJ'na
back to new line, possibly north
Of Rome. On the contrary, there
are indications that he is rein.
forcing his troops. At Orsogna. he
was able to counterattack Sun.
day and drive 9th Army elements
from the village they had lust
taken.
But should the weather clear
and stay clear-enabling the Al.
lies to make full use Of Their ar.
tillery and aviation, the Naz's
mind might be made up for him.
1t is to be noted that the Allies
already report enemy losses in
killed, wounded and prisoners
have been heavy"
1t is possible the reinforHnents
arriving at the German front may
be intended to help hold the pre-.
sent position, but rather 10 aug,
ment covering force needed IN
any maneuver so complicated and
potentially dangerous as leaving
Well-fortified position to retreat
a long distance.
The next 48 hours may bring
developments that will reveal the
enerny's final decision.
The next natural defense line
appears to be north Of Rome, the
so-called Etruscan line with its
western anchor about $50 miles
northwest of the Italian capital
and its eastern end at Pesaro,
on the Adriatic.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1943-12-06
BY RAYMOND CLAPPER

Observation-Disclosures a hospi-
tai, you realize how much effort
and scientific pr>Nress goes into
the struggle to save life. You go
back out into the world which from
one end to the other is engaged
in slaughter on scale never be-
fore possible, and it doesn't make
much sense.
New crescendos of slaughter ap-
pear in the bombing of Berlin, on
the Russian front and in the
bloody trap of our marines at Tar
ava. Only stupidity will permit
civilization to remain such a ghast-
~ RUDE Goldberg machine.
If there was no way of avoiding
wars in the past, there is way
now. That is the big opportunity
this generation has. The people
here right now, the men who are
in Congress, those who will run
for office next year, you who will
vote on those candidates, all of US
have this opportunity.
We have it because certain con-
ditions exist today that can foster
security and peace. The instru-
nnents are available now. But en-
ough people must be determined
that those instruments shall be US
thatthose instruments shall be u.s.
ed
What are those instruments?
They are first, victory: second, the
modern weapons of war, especially
the air forces and navies of the
Allied powers; third, the four lead
ers of the big powers.
Victory we are certain to have.
With the enemy disarmed our
side S free for the time being to
order the world as it wills, as has
beer decreed for Japan, in the
Cairo declaration.
Our navies and our air forces
are sufficient, if we use them to
prevent aggression, to keep the
peace of the world, and to prevent
nations from resorting to war to
adjust their grievances. Let the
American Navy control the Paci-
nc. the British the eastern Allan
tic and waters around to Singa-
pore. There, plus air forces, you
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1943-12-06
Daily Prayer
FOR OUR SONS

Over and over agar, througho1
anxious days and sleepless nights
we cry to Thee, COG keep our
sons" Save them from mortal
hurt: from honor shame and
from stain of soui. in The FalAel
heart, o Almighty Lord, Thou IN
derstand our love and enxety i0I
these who are more precious 10
US than life Cnly Thy care canA
preserve them. They are beyond
our power tc hep, amidst the IN,
known perils of camp md tlelo aDa
sea and air. So we commit them
to Thee, D loving Father. Do lo'
them all that or love can deS-e'
and the more that Thy wisdom cay
devise. Insult lnt) their mean"
noblest IDEAS of manhood ana "a
triotisn. Make then. yelitable war
riors of GOD as they fight for NE
holy Cause which is inNTougP'
with Thy Will. May no snaa0s
come between o44 affections; ana
in Thy good time, when Thy WIN
ha sheen done, retur. them u u
in victory prepared Is bear heIrs
part in Thy plag's fol d ne" WOW.
This we ask in The Eame Vi W
Son, Jesus Christ. hmen. Will
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1943-12-06
Anthony

Few people in the United States
except workers In certain factories
have ever seen a piece OF anti
mony. Yet more than 10000 tons of
the metal were used in the coun-
try's industry last year; and it
went into things that affect the
daily lives of practically every
body at home and on the war
fronts.
The explanation, says a bulletin
from the National Geographic So
ciety. is that antimony is strictly
teamworker. There is scarcely
a use for the metal in its pure
state. But combined with certain
other metals, it contributes highly
valuable characteristic to the
mixtures.
American engineers have found
how important antimony's role can
be in the country's highly indus
trialized civilization, with the re-
suit that the United States uses
more of the element than any other
nation. In general, antimony does
for the soft metals, lead and tin,
much the same service that tung-
stem, vanadium, and the other
toughenlng elements do for steel.
Antimony's under-cover helpful
ness in your daily life starts when
you unfold your morning newspap-
CT, for this substance holsters up
the otherwise too soft mixture of
lead and tin to make the almost
perfect type metal. Particularly
valuable is the property antimony
has of expanding as it solidifies.
This forces the type metal snugly
into all parts of the mold, bring
ing out even the faintest lines of the
type design.
Your breakfast probably is pre-
Jared with the aid of enameled
pots and pans, the cleaning sur
faces of which are made from one
IF the oxides of anthony.
When you step on the starter OF
your Acknowledgment and millions
of other Anericans-you are call
ing on antimony for its greatest
contribution. Number one use OF
the metal is in storage batteries.
Alloyed with lead, it furnishes for
the plates a sturdy framework that
is 20; harmed by the sulphuric acid
in which it is Immersed. On the
othe" hand, the soft, spongy lead
and the lead peroxide that are held
in the frames to form the battery
plates are affected by the acid. 1t
is planned that way, for this is
the chemical action that releases
electricity.
Your telephone and telegraph
messages pass through cables
sheathed in antimony and lead;
your plumbing makes use OF anti
snony-reinforced lead pipe; painted
surfaces in your home, store. or
factory may be colored with anti
mony pigments; the bearings of
many of the machines on which
you depend are of babbitt metal, in
which antimony is an important in
grediert. In numerous other hid
5en ways, from textile dyeing to
medicine, antinlony does its bit.
In addition to doing a huge war
JOB through hundreds of thousands
OF storage batteries in jeeps, trucks
and tanks, antimony performs di-
rect military service. Many tons
Ct /. are used in munitions fac
torres to give the necessary hard
ness to shrapnel balls and bullet
cores. Anthony sulphide is made
part OF the bursting charges of
shrapnel shells be-
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1943-12-06

Cause the puffs Of dense WIN.
smoke which it produces hep ~
gtlnners to mark and adjust l:'
range.
In the matter of anumony oE'
Lle United States is VIRTUALLY >
have-not nation. Fifteen yedIs d.
the country looked to emma \"
most of its supply OF the A-T'~
and was thus about as aepe!!''-
Oil the Far East for TINS !ha'e-
and 1t Was for ruhbel. WIN I
development OF antlmony LN4'''
Mexico and Bolivia a ciose-l0'l'"
supply is assured ,,.n
American industry meets N'D
can ore al the bordel like y,
citous host ushering IN a gus''
the front door. This country Ia,
est antimony smelter has oeeD :.
up on the north bank OF tIle ~ .,
Grande at Laredo, texas. ma" ~
bring u stream of ore across =
international boundary ana ~, =,
carloads of thin-White all'' q,
cakes" are rolling north " ii
tories. A cake is a SLAB Oh
antimony 10 inches square '.- :.
l-2 inches thick. The metal Is wv
about II cents a pound. I'D
Scrap plays an imporian! ~ n,
in ire antimony industry. App.
mately half OF the metal uss '.asI
the United States in receh. ~ n,
has been salvaged from o." II
terry plates, cable sheatls'
fipe, and such odds and Fll''
radiator cap ornaments ana Ca"
sticks.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1943-12-06

participated in the landing, and was
in the midst OF the slaughter. Is
there any political question more
important than fixing things this
time so that no aggressors can
rise to again force American men
to die on the coral beaches of the
distant Pacific?
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1943-12-06
Closer Cooperation

The United States and Canada have gotten
along pretty well as neighbors for many years,
but the war has shown that closer cooperation
in the future can be of advantage to the people
on both sides of the frontier. The Financial
Post published in Toronto and generally
recognized as Canada's leading financial news
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1943-12-06
QUOTATIONS

King Carol has press agent. Why don't
the paperhangers hire a man to offset +ho
bad publicity they got from Hitler? VIC
the rake - but somebody ha3 borrowe,d i. I'M
shovel. y"
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1943-12-06
Our Chief Aim
To aid in every way the prosecu-
ton of the war to complete Vic.
tory.

THOUGHT .FOR TODAY
The happiest heart that ever beat
Was in some quiet breast
That found the common daylight sweet,
And left to Heaven the rest
John Vance Cheny.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1943-12-06

Names and myths asS0l.' A
with stars we're or. gllateo y. /,
early inhabitants OF MeSop0''''
Evening star., 1943-09-08
u. ). Tank Destroyers
Profit by Lessons
Learned in Tunisia

WITH AMERICAN 5th ARMY.
NORTH AFRICA (By Mail to
N.A.N.A).-The tank destroyer Tig-
ers-their insignia is huge Bengal
tiger chewing an Axis tank to bits
have sharpened their fangs since the
close of the Tunisian campaign and
they are eager to go into battle on a
large scale again to prove that they
are a potent force-both defensively
and extensively.
Before the end of the campaign
in Tunisia, where tank destroyers
had suffered losses in the southern
sector, the American 5th Army set
up a destroyer training center
with twofold mission: To teach
the lessons learned by tank-de-
stroyer battalions on the Tunisian
front and to act as experimental
laboratory in which new fighting
techniques could be perfected.
1t, Col John Casey of 72ll Sher-
dan road, Chicago, in charge of the
school, had been one of the original
cadre that founded the only other
United States Army tank destroyer
school, at Camp Hood, Tex.
Suffered Early Reverses.
Col. Casey arrived in Africa to
hnd wisecrackers saying the tank
destroyers should change their
slogan from Seek, pursue and de-
stroy" to Hide and hope" The
tank-destroyer outfits, as a matter
of fact, had not done so we'll in
their first combat engagements.
After observation and interviews
with tank-destroyer officers and
men, he found the destroyers had
been trying to duel it out with
German tanks which outranged
them and which were more heavily
armor- plated. They weren't de-
signed to carry out this strategy.
There seemed to be the idea that
tank destroyers were men from Mars
who could fight with impunity," Col.
Casey explained. Such was not the
case and the lessons were learned
bitterly. The tank destroyers are a
supporting, not a separate force.
They are part of team and sue
cessful antitank defense is built
around all arms. We are now
stressing that tank destroyers are
not an individual means, but lust a
cog in big machine, preferably a
division machine"
Motto of Outfit Changed.
So he decided the tbs motto
should be: Hide, then hit" vir-
tually all tank-destroyer battalions
In Africa have now gone through
the 5th Army training center. They
are being taught to 60 into action
from prepared positions-hide. then
hit. During the closing phase of
the Tunisian campaign, tank de-
stroyers did just this and they were
death on Axis tanks. Well dug-in
and cleverly concealed, they caught
Axis tanks in traps, firing on them
from the f1anks.
Since then, the I'D outfits have
been learning other new tricks,
such as indirect f1re-shooting at
targets that can't be seen by the
gun crews, but whose fire is di-
rected by an observer on higher
terrain. The tank destroyers have
become powerful field artillery
piece.
The training center has been
instructing all tank destroyer bat
talions in the proper employment,
Evening star., 1943-09-08

Casey, who was director Of gunnery
at Camp Hood before he was sent
overseas, praised the French as
crack marksmen." Many of them
here now saw German tanks roll
over neutrality-suspicious. the
invasion of the Lowlands in 1910.
They are eager to put their new
American equipment in action and
show the hated Boche that his
tanks can be stopped dead.
And the Americans and the
British are just as certain and
just as eager to show the tigers
new teeth.
tReleased hy the the North American
Newspaper Alliance, Incl