davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-09-08

His whole career from early youth
until his nominal retirement in 1888
was devoted to a single campaign in
behalf of the conservation of wild
life. Not merely was he concerned
to stop the destruction of birds. He
labored also to develop conditions
congenial to their increase.
Born at Tuscola, Illinois, Novem-
Der 10. 1873. DR.. Pearson was edu-
Gated at Guilford College, the Uni
versity of North Carolina and Har-
ward. There is tradition to the
effect that it was the sight of
thrushes and robins being sold in a
market place that first stirred him to
the crusade in which he spent him.
self from 1899 onward. Organizing q
society named for the great bird
painter, John James Audubon, he led
legislative movement which result
ed in the passage of the model bird
law in North Carolina in 1903. En-
forcement of the regulation was put
into his hands as State Game Com
missioner He held the post until
1910, when he became secretary and
executive officer of the National
Audubon Society. The story of his
endeavors during the next quarter
century would require large volume
for the proper telling. He prepared
an armature for such a book in his
Adventures in Bird Protection"
published in 1887.
Much of his effort, however, was of
a sort which he himself could not
chronicle. For example, he realized
that If bird life was to be conserved
in any one place in the world it
necessarily would have to be con-
served everywhere. Since birds are
migratory by nature, they must be
guarded wherever they travel. To
that end DR.. Pearson established the
well known International Commits
sion for Bird Preservation in 1922
and was its president until 1888. His
duties brought him into touch with
the governments and scientific bodies
of thirty different countries. The au-
thority with which he spoke and
wrote was unequaled. Individuals
who originally had been critics of
his crusade gradually were educated
to be supporters Of it. The policies
and methods he sponsored now are
standard practice" among many
social and cultural groups.
DR.. Pearson's work goes on 1t is
a paradox that its success demands
its indefinite continuance. The
architect of 1t therefore is assured
of long remembrance.
Evening star., 1943-09-08
BETHESDA, Md.

Dear Sir.
Il recently put up new bird feed
ing station. and was interested to see
how long it would be before the birds
found it. ! know from reading your
column that many persons want this
information. They put up feeding
station, and then expect the birds to
hop right in the minute they get in
the house. but my experience is that
the birds have more sense than that
Birds are cautious, and want to look
the land over before they trust their
lives in something strange to them.
This is old ancestral wisdom, learned
over the ages. Sometimes I think we
humans would be better of If we trusted
to our instincts more, and less to our
minds, but I don't know
II put this feeding station out at
3 o'clock in the afternoon. Not a bird
paid any attention to it. thought that
surely the cardinals would get onto 1t
in the evening, but they did not. They
all stuck to the old feeder about so feet
away.
II kept up fairly steady watch
until dark, because I wanted to be sure
that no bird had come in.
THE next morning I began my in
spection just after first light, but not
a bird came near. Perhaps I should
say that this contraption had been
erected within 10 feet of the house.
Sometimes this slows up the birds, max
ing them even more cautious than they
would have been normally. While from
my experience cannot say that they
are afraid of the house, I believe that
it tends to make them slightly more
shy.
In between dressing and bathing and
breakfast I managed to keep pretty
good watch, and was sure that no bird
had come In until am
Shortly thereafter, as I happened to
look out, I saw titmouse fly into the
shrubbery, and the first thing I knew
he was in getting himself seed
He was the first bird, I am sure OF
that.
This gave me real thrill People
who are not interested III this sport will
not be able to comprehend how any
one could get genuine thrill out of
such small matter, but have found
that In this world it is not the thing
itself which is thrilling, but the way
one thinks about it. That is good doc
trine of some sort, isn't it?
Il watched carefully, and pretty soon
here came another titmouse.
Then third
"A friend of mine in the neighborhood
who also is interested in birds, had told
me that there were titmice in the block,
but I had never believed this, since
I had never seen one.
Here was not only one, but here
were three of them, probably mother
and father and well advanced youngster.
Each took turns at flying in, taking q
seed, and flying away with it, as is their
habit. I have never seen a titmouse
consume a seed in feeding station.
He always takes it away to some tree
or shrub and cracks it there.
IT thought you and your readers
Evening star., 1943-09-08
THIS AND THAT
By Charles E. Trucepeu.

might be interested In this. as II shows
not only about how long one must
wait, after putting up new station.
before the first bird finds it, but also
1t shows which Is liable to be the first
bird that gets the-not worm, In this
case, but seed
Very truly yours, j. Nee.
new feeding station always brings
out the chickadees, titmice and nut
matches which are in ali suburban
neighborhoods, but which at times tend
to keep away from feeding places where
sparrows are congregated.
Sometimes they so persistently boycott
such Feeding places that an observer
will swear that there are no such species
In the vicinity.
In this he mostly will be wrong, as
the installation Of new feeder soon
shows. Where most persons fall down,
perhaps, is in not Keeping such close
watch as our correspondent, or In being
unable to do so.
The first approaches to a new feed
Ing place are always tentative.
AS our correspondent points out, CEN
turies OF caution are behind each bird.
Seldom will any species ny directly
into a new feeder.
Experience has taught the birds that
man is very tricky animal.
He is in plain words, not to be trusted.
The birds ard the beasts have learned
this lesson, but all-powerful hunger
mostly makes them disregard It at times.
The birds will fly over and across
new feeding place many times before
one lands on 1t.
How long this process will take Is
another Of the famous depends 1t de-
pends upon circumstances, the color OF
the new installation and many other
factors known and unknown.
Most of the factors, even after all these
years OF bird watching by countless per-
sons, are still unknown.
Every watcher knows a few OF them
but he will be willing to admit that
there must be many more which he
cannot guess.
Occasionally q flock Of birds will take
advantage OF new feeding place within
the hour. Again, they will require at
least q day, and in some cases several
days, or even several weeks.
We have had correspondents who in
sisted that they had food placed out for
three months without taker. Such in
stances are exceptional.
We believe that those who declare that
the presence Of English sparrows in
neighborhood will drive away all the
native birds are mistaken. What the
sparrows do is keep them away from
the main feeding place. They then tend
to fly to other feeding grounds in the
neighborhood. If the person who de-
plores the lack Of the smaller and rarer
native birds will establish new feeder,
especially in shrubbery, and still keep
the old one going, he viii find that, at
least for time. the rarer birds will
patronize 1t. After the sparrows get
onto 1t, that is something else, of course,
but the setup at least will show any
one that the rare birds are around all
the time, whether they come or not.
Evening star., 1943-09-08
Dark Design Discovered
In Head on New Pennies.

To the Editor OF The Star:
These New Deal pennies are typical of
the New Deal that originated them
They are bright and shiny when new
and have fooled many people into think
ing they are more valuable than they
really are, but they do not ring true and
they tarnish badly with age. They are
a shoddy substitute for the real thing
The fact that they bear the head OF
Lincoln appears to be New Deal trick
to discredit the Republicans. OBSERVER.
Sees Justice in "Thrusting"
Ideas on Axis Nations.
To the Editor of The star.
A short time ago read letter signed
Roe Ester Jones in which he Tor she)
expressed disapproval Of any discussion
of what shall be done with Germany,
Italy and Japan when the war ends"
The writer condemned the idea of
'outside aggressive persons or countries
deciding the fate of the Axis countries
and deplores that the United Nations
should ever consider 'thrusting" upon
the aggressor nations their ideas and
ways of living for their own selfish good"
I cannot imagine the members of the
Jones family refraining from at least
wishing to thrust their ideas" upon
criminal apprehended after forcibly en-
tering the Jones home, killing and
wounding some of the members of the
family who resisted, sacking the home
and leaving it in flames!
Hitler. Mussolini and TOTO thrust
their ideas" upon certain helpless ma
tions in the same manner as did the
imaginary criminal above.
Just as the law-abiding elements of
community find it necessary to thrust
their ideas" of the best mode of insuring
safe community life upon individual
criminals, so must law-abiding nations
thrust their ideas Of the best means Of
securing international safety upon Grim
inal national leaders and one-man gov.
Evening star., 1943-09-08
Wuter-Coptured
Here in the pater's toun tdtnIk

Here in the paters tountdtnIks ~
display, -,o1
Where hoses dot the latcx, are roas- d >
boios caught "A a
Held and imprisoned tn 9 sos6 oj $50
snrnu fFs-'
By sun and mater n,apicallr proxrht.s
Small botos OF promise bent abops
the grass, st'
Close to the earth and not part Of
sky. Eo,sl
Not rainbo,Ds that appear when s.a
storm clouds pass, s.rt
But mater captured Dhen the sun Is
high.
All, bended Je,pel- -bo,ps glinttne In
the sun,
Ho,o brightly no,o your eoIors Hash II
and play Il ~
Where myriad drops descending ons==s;
by one
Touch lightly on your arch ana
glance auay. aAg
Not simply mater ,lotD. but colored, =
too, = =
By ,Dhat OF mystery comprises you.
HELEN ROWLAND PRoNxMEI.
Evening star., 1943-09-08
Oil Company Praised
By Beneficiary.

10 the Editor of The Star:
I think it is outrageous that the
Steuart Oil Co. should be In danger
of being penalized for the possible viola
ton of OPA rules last winter. 1t was
the one company that managed to get
oil to families suffering from cold when
all others failed, and 1t should be given
distinguished service medal.
My family shivered for three days
before I finally appealed to the steuart
company and got oil Immediately!
Instead of being the one oil company
the city could do without, as one OPA
lawyer suggests, it is the one oil company
that thousands of residents cannot do
without, and 1t is up to them to see, for
their own good, that the city Is not with
out 1t. ISABEL MOORE.
Evening star., 1943-09-08
DR.. Peurson

DR.. Thomas Gilbert Pearson felt
about birds very much as Saint
Francis did, but he also was pos
sessed OF scientific attitude toward
them. In other language. he was at
once keen philosophical student OF
ornithology and an ardent and
faithful friend of the generality Of
the feathered creatures OF the air.
Evening star., 1943-09-08

sion. We should not shrink from
this, for as surely as the United
States Is destined to be an even
greater world power in the future
than in the past, the American peo-
pie will have to assume great re-
sponsibilities. And the sooner we
begin to think and talk about them
the better.
Evening star., 1943-09-08

Down in Tennessee it has been
found that certain valuable trees
are suffering from high sap pres
sure" Mr.. John @. Taxpayer Public
can sympathize with this arboreal
silment.
Evening star., 1943-09-08

Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address OF
the 1uriter, although the use OF
a psendonyna for publication is
permissible. The Star reserpes
the right to edit all letters Nth
q Die1D to condensation.
Evening star., 1943-09-08
Additional Propaganda Stamps
Urged for Friendly Nations.

To the Editor of The Star:
The stamps now being issued In
honor of the overrun countries have
created wide interest. Stamps showing
the flags of Poland, Czechoslovakia, Nor
way, Luxembourg and the Netherlands
have been issued to date.
Additional stamps in this series will
be issued in honor of Belgium, France,
Greece, Yugoslavia, Albania, Austria and
Denmark.
AS a stamp was issued by our Govern
ment for China during 1912, it also would
seem proper that similar stamps should
be issued for Siam, Korea, Finland and
Russia. The sovereignty of Korea wrest-
ed by Japan in 1910, undoubtedly will
be restored after the global conflict has
ended. Finland is a peace-loving ma
tion and was forced into the war
against her will. There are thousands
of persons of Finnish extraction in the
United States, who are good, law-abiding
citizens. Russia has made numerous
changes in the system of government
conceived by Lenin, and 1t gradually
may become a democracy Despotism
cannot survive. In order that a state
may endure, it must guarantee freedom
to the individual, including freedom of
thought, speech and religion.
After the present series has run It's
course, it is recommended that another
series be issued in honor of our good
neighbors and Allies in Latin America.
A. UELAND.
Evening star., 1943-09-08

ernments of the Hitler, Mussolini and
TOTO brand. EDWARD M, SYPHAX.
Evening star., 1943-09-08
Mr.. Lawrence Spanked
For Spanking President.
TO the Editor of The star:

The world convulses with 4 global
war; tens of thousands of our fighting
men face death daily; weary war workers
toll untold hours in factories, mills and
mines turning out the weapons OF vic
tory: the Nation braces itself for more
blood, sweat and tears and David
Lawrence devotes an entire column (7s4
words, count them) to spank the Presi-
dent verbally, for his remote RESPONSE
bility in naming a new aircraft carrier
"Shangri-La'' HERMIN SCHEIN.
Evening star., 1943-09-08

The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to
the use for republication of all news dispatches
credited to 1t or not otherwise credited in this
paper and also the local news published herein.
herein also are reserved.
Evening star., 1943-09-08
Member Of the Associated Press.

TELEPHONE NatlonhI bUUU.
Entered at the Post Once, Washington, D. c.,
as second-class mail matter.
Evening star., 1943-09-08

Q. Are many passenger trains named
In honor Of women7--E M. H.
A. Such trains include the Nellie Bly,
named for the famous newspaperwoman:
the Ann Rutledge and the rocahontas.
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-11-06
It's Still Hitler

When Adolf Hitler called Bulgaria's pre-.
mler and foreign minister to his headquarters
to demand that more Bulgarian troops be i'm
pressed into his service, he set at rest reports
that he is no longer chief OF the German arm.
ed forces as'well as the German state.
1t is true that partia, division of re-
sponsibility has come about as a result of
the German defeats in Russia in which the
staff gains stronger voice in strictly mill
tary affairs, Hitler's intuition having failed in
the pinch. But the Fuehrer obviously continues
in the top spot.
The reason is not far to seek. knowing that
Germany cannot win it's war in Europe the
Army has no intention of letting anv blame
for the war slip from Hitler's shoulders. If
the Army took over, its chiefs would be the
prime culprits. BY leaving Hitler in technical
supreme command, they escape full respon-
slbllity for the war and believe they can be
charged only with defeat not with precipitat-
ing the
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-11-06
Traffic Deaths

Clearly something will have to be done to
reduce highway fatalities if the United States
is to have working population when this war
is over. For despite wartime restrictions
on driving and some consequent reduction in
accident deaths, the total since Pearl Har-
bor says the National Safety Council is twice
the nations battle losses.
Combat losses since the war began total d.
$40 persons: 900 have died in traffic acct
dents. The Council further announces that 65,-
ITO men have been wounded or are missing
This is exclusive of prisoners OF war Traffic
injuries have been suffered by 1000, 900 per-
sons, 900 of whom have been permanently
disabled.
THE public, says a Council statement
"can take little credit for any reduction Gin
traveD decreased 36 per cent in the first eight
months of this year from the same period in
1941. This is in contrast to 26 per cent re-
duction in accidents during the first nine
months this year below the same period in
1912
What can be done to halt this loss of life?
Certainly no legal action can be helpful. II if
could highway deaths would have been neg
hglble item in mortality records years ago.
ALI states have laws IN the observance Of which
few accidents would happen. Any Improvement
must come voluntarily Care in driving. eter
nal vigilance behind the steering wheel. alone
can stop needless deaths.
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-11-06
Winter WOOlies

A lot of us brave souls have borne unflinch-
ingly such warborn hardships as eating chick
en- instead of steak, riding bus to work and
spreading cleo on the morning toast. But now
the war really begins to hit home.
There is a prospective shortage of winter
woolies. Yes, Roy A. Cheney, president of
the Underwear Institute. takes very dismal
view of the red flannel situation. And with a
coal and oil shortage, and winter coming on
apace
It isn't yarn and it isn't price, says Mr..
Cheney. WPB and OPA have been kind to the
underwear people. No, it's manpower. Work.
ers have been lured to other, more militarily
thrilling jobs, and the scanty outlook is even
scantier Mr.. Cheney puts its squarely up to
the War Manpower Commission.
Well don't just stand there shivering, Mr..
McNutt. Do something
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-11-06
Finland On A Spot

1t is not so strange that whereas the nego-
tiation of separate peace is generally look
ed down upon at this stage of the global war,
the announcement that Finland may sue for
peace with Russia in the near future probably
will be received without disapproval, but with
some misgiving.
Certainly the United States has no desire
to see Finland continue its hopeless struggle
as Hitler's ally The firms are our friends,
despite their position in the war. We have on
ly the kindest sentiment for thero and would
be among the first to welcome the severance
Of their association with the Germans.
At the same time, it is shocking to con-
template Germanys course in Finland it that
country deserted to the foes of Germany or
joined the neutrals. The barbarism practiced
by Germans in Italy following the Badoglio
armistce, is too fresh in memory not to cause
construction of sympathetic hearts or make
them tremble for the loss of the lives and
of the conflict
The German military mind is incapable of
understanding anything but destruction and
murder. AS long as they nave Finland as an
ally they probably would be satisfied with con-
fiscation OF her resources as in the past. But
let the Firms withdraw as comrades-in-arms
and the sadist impulse, which has wrought
such havoc and destruction IN Italy in Rus
sia in Poland, Yugoslavia, Holland, Belgium
and France, be Unbiased, there is no fore
seeing the lengths to which the Germans
would go in satisfying their lust for murder.
Russia has let it be known that beyond ter
ritory taken after her own wicked attack on
Finland, she has no further demands to make.
1t is not for outsiders to Judge whether this is
proper claim or unjust and confiscatory.
That can be threshed out at the peace table.
But what must be apparent now is that if
Finland makes peace with Russia it will be
necessary for Russia, and perhaps the Unit
ed States and Great Britain, to occupy the
land in great force to protect the people, as
best they can, against German ruthlessness.
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-11-06
Army Discipline Needed

There is only one just punishment for the re-
calcitrant japanese in the Tule Lake segrega.
ton center in California. They deserve to be
shot Mutiny in an American prison would
have led to that. But because there are some
thousands of Americans in Japanese interment
camps and jails upon whom the Tokyo mad
men would practice their worst tarbarties in
retaliations this course is not possible These
Americans are subjected to too much ill
treatment as it is.
There is no good reason, however, why this
particular camp, and any other where Japan
csc internees are lighting the civil authori-
ties should not be placed under military COM
mand permanently and the inmates made to
walk chalk line day in and day out Jap
anese of this type are not entitled to maudln
consideration from civilian overseers. They
deserve no sympathy.
his OF course, applies exclusively to bellig-
erents. There are Japanese in this country
who willingly would help to overthrow the
Axis. Some of them In American uniforms are
giving valiant service in Italy, as command
ers and correspondents agree But for their
1enoW-countrymen whose every act is antag-
onlstlc the only safe course is to inforce strict
military discipline.
Inc proposal to refer the segregation center
situation to the Dies committee for thorough
investigation and recommendations for future
administration is step in the right direction.
mere is no reason to doubt that this COM
fnlttee's chief recommendation would be for
removal OF civil authority and the substitu-
ton of military rule
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-11-06
German Losses

Moscow may be guilty of exaggeration in
claiming that German losses in Russia have
mounted to 100000 men since Hitler first
attacked, but it must be apparent to any one
who has followed the German operations. mar.
tlcularly since the Reds recaptured Stain
grad that even so great military machine
as the Germans built up in their wears
OF preparation for war can weather the
heavy losses they have sustained and be VIC
torious in the final showdown with the COM
bined forces of the United Nations.
A significant fact, in connection with Rus.
sia's successes, is that the Germans are I'M.
derstood on good authority to have onlv four
divisions of reserves in Germany proper-ap.
proxmately some 81, 900 men, which, consider
ing the size Of present-day offensives could do
little to change the trend of the Battle of Eu-
rope if thrown into any theater OF war.
The balance OF Nazi forces in Europe are
on the Eastern front, retreating before the
Russians in Italy, retreating before Clark s
and Montgomerys armies and otherwise dis.
persed in the Low Countries, Norway and
France in anticipation OF major Allied amphib.
ious invasons. and in the Balkans doing battle
with the Yugoslavs and Albanians Withdraw.
al of these four divisions from Germany would
place that country in worse situation than al.
ready exists.
No wonder Hitler is calling for larger forces
from Bulgaria and Rumania and other DONNA
ted countries. Nor would there be much sur
prise if these unfortunate satellites refused to
xerT more of their young men to the slaugh,
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-11-06
BY JOHN SELBY
Books about the war

The Marines have not had their
share of the millions of words
poured into the hundreds of war
books, which fact may or may not
have influenced Capt. w. P. Nc
Cahill to tell their story in First
to Fight" Mostly Captain Nc
Cahill's book concerns the Ma
rlnes in this war, but he also has
provided a very brief sketch of
their history, and the illustra-
lions include such unexpected
(and welcome) matter as plates
IN color showing insignia, and even
Inc uniforms used from the
founding of the Corps to the pres.
ent. Marine exploits in the Pacific
area are emphasized, and there
are numerous illustrations by E.
FRANKLIN Whittmack (McKav:
$3.50.
Howard Handleman's Bridge
to Victory is the story of the
reconquest of the Aleutians; it is
brisk and journalistic and illus
trated with press photographs.
lRandom; $2.) And Chaplain Will
liam c. Taggart and Christopher
cross have put together a COM
poslte picture of our Army from
neglected angle, to wit, that of
the chaplain with the 10Th Bonn
bardment Group. The closer to
action his groupA&ot, the closer to