davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-08-03
Huskin's Answers
To Questions
Bu Frederic J. Hasktn

oS EtSGCf ~ ~. I1GShtH.
A reader can get the cns,rer to any
question OF fact by icriting The Sue-
ming Star Information Bureau, Fred.
eric J. Haskin, director, Washington,
D. c. Please irclose stamp for return
postage.
@. When will the uncanceled part Of
the 1912 income tax be payable7
w. w. p. =
A. This may be paid In two INSTALL
ments. March Is, 1914 and March Is,
l945.
O.. Have any executive orders ever
been declared unconstitutional by the
Supreme Court7-C. D. NJ
A. In the hot oil case, decided In
1885. the Supreme Court specifically held
that two executive orders (July II and
July IA. 1889 were invalid because not
warranted by the Constitution.
@. Who was Judge Roy BEAM
w. A. A.
A. Roy Bean, known rs Law West Of
the Pecos, had no ofiicial right to use
the title of Judge. Although a self con-
stituted judge. he qualified for rural jus.
ice OF the peace In 1885 and held this
office for many years.
@. Can you give the exact wording sof
the warning given to Italy by President
Roosevelt and Prime Minister Church.
il?-C. L. A.
A. 1t was as follows: "The time has
come for you to decide whether Italians
shall die for Mussolini and Hitler-or
live for Italy and civilization" -.
Evening star., 1943-08-03
Letters to the Editor

Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address of
the ,Driter, although the use of
a pseudonyn1 for publication Is
permissible. The Star reserues
the right to edit all letters ptth
e a Uiete to condensation.
Evening star., 1943-08-03

Italy now goes back to the Gus
tomary Ammo Domini for a pleasant
change. Such dating phrase as
THE year 81 Of the Fascist Era"
seems to be out like a light.
Evening star., 1943-08-03

Word Booklet-A concise guide to
correct speech and writing in English.
1t treats Of words mispronounced,
words misspelled and words misused
In daily life. Each subject is pre-
sented concisely and clearly so that
1t can be easily understood by the
average person. Learn to speak and
write correctly. To secure your copy
Of this publication inclose 10 cents in
coin, wrapped In this clipping, and
mail to The Star Information Bureau.
Name
Address
Evening star., 1943-08-03

@. What Is Norwegian rosemalina7-
H. T. o.
A. Norwegian rosemaling refers to the
painting of flowers on furniture in dull,
old-looking colors.
Evening star., 1943-08-03

@. Did Taft receive any electoral
votes in 1912?-S. B. w.
A. In 1912 Wilson received 435 elec-
toral votes; Taft, 8. and Roosevelt, 80.
Evening star., 1943-08-03

@. Can the moon produce rainbow
F. G.. T.
A. The moon can produce rainbows
in the same manner as the sun. Lunar
rainbows are usually too faint to show
any color, but a bright bow formed when
the moon is near the full shows colors
quite distinctly.
Detroit evening times., 1943-06-20
Church Council to Form
Mter-RaciaL Commission

Formation Of an inter-racial
commission 10 deal with racial
misunderstanding and i'll will in
Detroit was announced today by
the Detroit Council of Churches,
S ponSorS of the commission,
through DR. Benjamin j. Bush,
president OF the council and DR.
Thoburn T. Brumbaugh, executive
secretary.
a group Of 53 prominent De
trOlterS from various racial and
religious backgrounds has agreed
10 form the nucleus of the com
mission, DR. Brumbaugh explained,
and VIII hold the first meeting
Wednesday, June p, in Redeemer
Presbyterian Church, 2746 F.
Grand boulevard, where a supper
has been arranged for 6:30 p. m.
AT th.s first assembly, frame
work /oI an organization which
VIII proieCt the commissions SerV-
pc is expected 10 be adopted. IT
was announced TWO OF the lead
erS al this initial conference are
10 be Judge Ira - Jayne and Mrs.
Geraldine BledSoe
Among those who viii form the
unit. in addition 40 Judge Jayne
Detroit evening times., 1943-06-20
Pardee 10 Attend 0PA
Iron Ore Price Farley

LANSING, June 19 Franklin
6. Pardee. state geOloGiSt will
represent Michigan at a meeting
OF OPA and iron ore association
officials IN Washington, June -,
Coy. Kelly Said today The gov
ernor said the iron ore industry
IS seeking To stabilize the price
of raw ore OF the 81 million ions
produced i'm the Lake Superior
region last year Is million came
from Michigan mines.
Detroit evening times., 1943-06-20
Knudsen 10 Help
School Opening

SPECIAL exercises viii marx the
Official opening of the new home
o. the VISTA Maria School Of the
Sisters of the Good Shepherd,
2O65l W. Warren. A 10 a. m
Monday Among those taking part
Will be officers of the Open Heart
Fund and the Children'S Fund of
Michigan. and directors of the
Sisters Of the Good Shepherd
Speakers Will be II. Gen. VIII
liam $. knudSen. who headed the
open Heart Fund drive three
years ago, The RI. Rev. MSgr
Edward !. Hickey chancellor of
the archdiocese Of Detroit, who
wttt represent the church, and
Mother s.. Denis. superior of the
House of the Good Shepherd.
Detroit evening times., 1943-06-20
Opera TO Open
New wCY0Center

Tho fg>t large Catholic youth
center n Detroit VIII he officially
opened hy the CYO AT $50 sun
14y hgm VuhIhc presentation Of
tHe connie opera, The Gond-
oilers n iho large auditorium of
the ucw'y.5cquJed building at
Mack and Maxwell
Ending weeks of rchcarSalS, Is
members Of the Cafhotic Youth
Organizations Choral club VIII
sing the Gilbert and Sullivan
opera under The direction Of Dr
LIaIL4 ~ Sell.
The Choral Club was organized
four years ago 10 rccwIt out
standing singers from the youth
groups Of Catholic parishes and
g., sponsored by many prominent
Deuolfer> II has gwen several
z4cCr>4tul concerts Dul thus viii
bc us FIRST operate venture.
Detroit evening times., 1943-06-20

DEfRGTssE 1IMES
Detroit evening times., 1943-06-20
10000 Housing Units
Mostly for Women

WASHINGTON, June 10 CUP)
The 10000 war housing units
tentatively scheduled 10 be built
during the next II months will
house mostly women war workers.
the National Housing Agency
SAID today
a recruitment plan calls for
10000 women 10 90 into war
work between July, l943, and
IuI, 1914
Detroit evening times., 1943-06-20
Woman Novelist Dies

ALDERSYDE. England June 10
tUP) Annie s. Swan novelist
known IN private life as Mrs. Bur
nett Smith, died today She was
S3 Miss Swan wrote largely for
children and women
Detroit evening times., 1943-06-20
SNsar Buddy

T1bIs Is ...e 70 toe& N s11fr man II al 52pr
world 20 him CLIP this letter today sign your name
>, ,5c b9,t3n srl send ii him Wherever ne is, he
wants ,he news rom HOME. KS mp you 70 mail IT,
Detroit evening times., 1943-06-20

and Mrs. BledSoe, are Rabbi
Morris Adler, the Rev r l..
Brady. Fred NJ Butte. Dr. Eenry
Hit Crane. Bishop Frank w.
Creighton. Rabbi Leo NJ, Franklin.
Joseph q, Mayne, Prof Edward
W. Mcfarland, Bishop Raymond
j. Wade and the Rev. Horace
White
Detroit evening times., 1943-06-20
Toio Exhorts Japs

TOXIC. June 1q lDPl The
S2nd extraordinary session OF The
Japanese Dlct ended today with
a statement from Premier Gen
Iiidckl Iojo calling ON the Japa-
nose people 10 exert 'unprcCc-
dcnlcd strength with higher
morale al a time when the war
-lS.LuIh serious
Detroit evening times., 1943-06-20
Detroit Times Rationing Timetable

NFAT CHTT>F TATS ,Re- S'e-7s,
n. Z. MNad through J.nr
Es.1urs VHr- f.ra -.
SUGAR
stamp rs uaantt ru.h.A
tANNIN6 ~lCAR
STAMP IA. te rs Hos ta.b . H t.,
SHOPS
stamp % O7r pay IH n.. .i
Detroit evening times., 1943-06-20

rR0CFsNTn TOOnS Rlus Ssr'Ps
n Il. -Nan1 through ..-
gOTFtF
starrp 20 one paa.r '..7e ''.
GAsoIiNF
A Coupon Pour gs.rns q. .H.f
TIFI OH
Cnnr,rn rr SALONS FL. NfF' 10
TtRI IN~FF,TI0N nFNptINts
Detroit evening times., 1943-06-20

MIR hozarCn, the newly APP
pointed Wayne County treas
urer pictured at-his desk.
Successor TO Jacob Sumeracki,
now a county auditor, Mr..
Kozaren's home is at 1858
Neibel- -HaRtH4HHek
THE Wishing Weir has
message in cipher for YOU, Daily
and sunday Times.
Detroit evening times., 1943-06-20

:
NACAu.> .aa s. a i'''', $ -o.- 1.-. 81 e.2 -111g
S-rs, tt' 'n resort ''''' are '. ''''' ANU ''
...e.n- or '.0 .'i',.' ea-' "t'N.
s.ast of shoes .quor ant lettuce Beer 'o
Vbca a a.aaoc Ton .ts 40 Il shoe ticket tne l.s
went, Some ,.o. stores closed up p n n despair
r,R,yIlC Judges >raher and Nurph, their
I p,cI, of BOARD " & Harper district.
Ra out 6"a for speeding 80 Nt" :" ,aos H[Sp a. D,' m
spring The j"dse' >s'' '"'' ' ~ ~ ~
The NIP, here beat tho pocou baseball diamond
S'''r It. coma, =" c,ors, uupn, CORNER recorders court Judge
" 'r, Fa,ppr Frank Of the T. supreme cour, viii vacation
at Ford Ho'p''-"0e" the 0'E court
EIEF} BoDl l'esg obga' '." o, eg ] o" , ", -,
IL Is e' A''g oef "a H9.go0a gL ''," s. 'o"" ] 5l ,t h.,
'roy aii'r ,gao"9 la@y"9 q l@' ~ ""' 1 b tl5,, ls
4'a gf re {osas2 , , % Dr. Hqg R4iel ritt oygloogist
amy ,ed of 'teo do'' tts an rJ@T.g [oDpl' As
rs ttcg rar' 70 rorc 'te'o' as good d" the sr''' "'
to,. ,f,r,re, t,,l,,,t ,f C;ra, Lake, crew
\ hound lines ssss his company VIII stc beIcopcr ,ee
between Detroit and nearby towns after 'he war ~ 1
Washington boulevard from Finn Pontiac Mt Clemens and
ue IKE - N,can Derors Is lone c. AR presented fine
TWO Detroit socaiteN we're given tre fines by Judge
red light and the police drinking She said it
cough . ,,... - S,.o,,.. ,,,.,,.
booked for drunk driving Zines for eaSao
in jail for he same
The big fog raised non with Great Lake. shipping The British
weather And the sCooot George & % i one the largest
,, ne ne n"atb th p' uttd "% '> ~ Wv " "
4ET,N6 T p f,"'.. & ',,' f ,b j. 54, aG l,,eooS
as, =, ne p' hgaf5 oo oD 2, a ca,g ag' augst
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-04-24
Atty. ToRun
For Council
In Nashville

NASHVILLE. amp In spite OF
rev city charter which some
quarters believed would forestall
any s;;emp, by Negroes to obtain
seats in the city council. z. Alex
andcr LOBBY officially announced
Monday tina; ne was a candidate for
such a pos,
The announcement. although
somewhat expected, came al very
dramatic moment A huge crowd
had assembled al a meeting called
Jointly by the NAAcP and the In
;erdenominational Ministers alli-
ance 10 fix the blame and obtain
justice in connection with the reign
Of terror which civil and military
police had visited on the Negro bus
mess section April 3 After the
chairman had outlined the action
already taken the body approved
its action turning IL over TO the
NAACP Legal Redress committee
and called for IFS chairman. Atty
LOBBY. to make speech. Mr. LOBBY
assured the crowd that not only
would he attack the case with the
same vigor shown in previous sim.
liar cases but that he personally
would not succumb to the campaign
o. Negro intimidation He then an
nounced his candidacy This was
considered especially courageous in
view OF the fact that the new city
charter reduced the number o.:
wards from 81 to seven and makes
voting on the ward representatives
city-widc: and that no Negro has
been a member Of the Council since
1913 when the late Prof S p Harris
was a member.
Atty LOBBY seeks election on a
platform which demands Negro po-
iicemen, and Negro employment in
all positions paid for from public
funds: equal pay for equal work,
in the municipal system: proper
consideration Of the Negro, which
constitutes onc.third of Nashvilles
population. and other progressive
measures
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-04-24
CALLS MARCH
ON WASHINGTON
::TREAs0NABtE
Meeting Adjourned When
Controversy Flares
Into Open

The FEPC conference at the
Downtown Y.w.c.A.. Sunday. was
almost turned into a racial debate
when Frank Lyndell Of Packard
Local 100. in a race batting indict-
ment of the March on Washington
Movement charged that IL Negroes
marched on the nations capital In
protest to discrimination they would
be Committing acts OF treason"
Lyndell was one OF many labor
speakers who appeared on the pro-
gram with representatives Of man.
agement who discussed the posi-
bilities OF employing more Negroes
and methods used to avoid racia.
conflict. Lyndell charged that 1T
is downright reasonable for Ne
groes 10 talk OF leaving the ma
chimes TO march on the nations
capital after white union men have
helped 10 fight for their right to
work on these machines. The Clio
has surrendered its right to strike
for the duration. so why should
Negroes sabotage the war effort by
forming a march on Washington,
;ieing up transportation and leav-
ing thousands OF machines idle"
Lyndell was challenged by officers
OF the March on Washington Move
ment but the meeting was ad-
journed before the controversy got
out OF hand.
Reports OF several officials OF
defense plants and the street rail-
way department were to the effect
that Negroes who have been inte-
grated with whites are doing a good
job and that race friction has been
reduced TO a minimum. However. il
was pointed out that more educa-
ton is needed by all groups 10 en-
nance the chances OF their work lng
together amicably.
G James Fleming Of the Presi-
dents Fair Employment Practice
committee was the keynote speaker
Fleming outlined the purpose and
progress Of the committee and added
that "a, the present time the reser-
voir OF labor has reached down to
Negro women. but they are facing
the accumulated obstacles previ-
ously experienced by both Negro
and white women. The same work
ers who object to having Negro
men work with or near their
women. for some set OF reasons
also object and strongly. against the
employment OF Negro women"
Fleming said many employers
who previously refused 10 hire COL
ored workers have voluntarily writ
ten letters 10 the FEPC stating
that they are well pleased with the
colored workers.
The conference was sponsored by
the Metropolitan Detroit Council
OF the FEPC Of which Prof Edward
Mcfarland is chairman.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-04-24

OF work in beifg one Of Uncle
Georges boys these days.
Dining car walters are equally
hard pressed. Many OF the most
skilltul men have been called by
seleciive service. Newer walters
can't give the same quick def serv-
ice. Working long hours. on some
days from $50 in the morning I'M
Il. one or two the next morning,
they SERVE continuously. Formerly.
X there we're more than 100 per-
sons on train 10 be served. a
second diner was added. Now a
single diner crew OF 10 10 Is men
Will serve as many as 700 meals a
day with scarcely any let-up be-
tween what were once meal periods.
The traditional custom whereby
colored passengers coming into a
car were piloted 10 any empty table
has likewise gone into limbo In
most cases. Colored and white pas.
sengers. soldiers and civilians are
thrust together and like il il they
want something TO eat, that is above
the Mason-Dixon lire. More and
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-04-24

CHICAGO. CANP)-Rsilroad men
and women here echoed agreement
with the article on railroads re-
leased by Sutherland Danlinger.
chief OF special services in Wash
ington. last week in which he des-
cribed the rigors through which
those who work on and with trains
are experiencing This, city. the
headquarters for more sleeping car
porterS than any other center, has
been especially conscious OF the
difficulties facing Pullman men as
well as workers in other categories
MANY Pullman porters are work.
ing with troop travel almost ex-
clusively About $4,000 soldiers
day. l750000 a month. are travel
ing hither and thither on govern
ment orders and this does not in
clude the men going home on fur
Tough. Sometimes il appears as
though the high command was
merely playing checkers and see
ing how many troops IL can shuttle
about About half the total supply
OF Pullman cars and u per cent Of
all the day coaches in the country
tsbout= $1,000 are in troop use II
the war department insisted or hsv-
ing all the Pullman equipment i;
could use, then civilians would
have 70 sleeping accommodations a;
al for all the Pullman cars would
be carrying troops AS il is they
USE tourist cars frequently and sleep
soldiers two in a lower berth and
one IN an upper About $50 lounge
par.or and sleeping cars have been
rebuilt with three tiers of berths
and are used mostly for moving
sailors. the ber,hs evidently being
somewhat like their hammocks.
Pullman porters are working
harder than ever in history. The
grea; amount OF baggage they have
10 handle. the constant mak!ng-up
and breaking down Of berths ne
ceSsi;ated by the packed cars now
rUnning when frequently they used
TO be half full; sleeping on sofas
and settees instead Of IL upper
one" which used 10 be their al
most exclusively. there is plenty
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-04-24
BOWELS SLUGGISH?

. Feeling like you lost your best friend =
aeadachy-duii-aii because Of xiuggish bow
els1 Why put up with constipation misery
Chew modern PERMANENT. the pleasant
tasting chewing gum laxative. Chew FEEN-
A-MINT tonight st bedtime. taking only IN
accordance with package directions Nexs
ming-thorough, gentle relief. helping you
feel swell again. Millions rely On FEEN-A-
MINI. sChsw like your fsvorite gum. Tastes
good. Try FEEN-A-MINT-a whole family
supply costs only Zoe.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-04-24
Lyndel Played For Race Batting At FEPC Conference
Mrs. Harris
CONTINUED from Page II

~ CONTINUED from Page IL
pended sentence by Judge Bren-
nan.
II was disclosed that Mrs. Hsr-
ris was arrested on March 10 at
Federal building when witnesses
say. a white woman complained
that Mrs. Harris was following her.
A police officer arriving at the
scene is reported to have grabbed
the married woman, calling her a
Niger. and then
kicked her before dragging her
down the stairs to scout car.
However, four internal revenue
workers testified that Mrs. Harris
acted excited. was loud and I'M
ruly." when she stood in line to pay
her income tax on the date in ques-
ton.
Robert Cendergrass. Clifford
Cook. Guy Humphrey and Paul
Drumm. all white. testified that
when they observed her she re-
fused to be quoted down and at
tackled the officer as she was be-
ing elected from the building.
Mrs. Harris accused the officer
OF brutally assaulting her, without
due provocation at the time OF
the arrest She also accused the
patrolman of calling her "uncom-
plimentary names in the trial held
without jury before Judge Bren-
nan.
The accused woman was repre-
sented by Attorney Cecil Rowlette.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-04-24
Try This Complete
TRIAL APPLICATIONS!

Men keep your hair we'll sreemeA asA.
successful looking" with GLovER'o fam
Gus MEDICINAL treatment with massage.
for Dandruff. Itchy Scalp and excessive
Falling Hair. You'll feel the s1hilarating
effect, instantly! Ask for GLovERB 90
any Drug Store.
Send today for this Complete Trial Ap-
plication Of GLovERS famous NANCE
Medicine and the new GLOVER Beauty
Soap Shampoo. in hermetically- sealed
bottles. Test the Glover's Medicinal Trest-
ment yourself. Completes instructions ask
booklet, The Scientific Care Of Scalp anas
Hair" included FREE! Send the Ceupos'
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-04-24
War Time Handicaps Railroads
Article Last Week Disclosed

more Negro walters are running in
charge without white stewards.
Women are being pressed into
service. Thus far no railroad has
given colored girl a job as a
clerk or typist but several are using
them in handling light baggage, the
number OF car cleaners is increas-
ing, many stations are using them
for lighter janitorial work and on
at least one road. the Illinois Gen.
trail, there is full Pledged section
crew made Up Of buxom women OF
color who are reported to swing
s!edge hammers with guSto. a. .,
Despite the war there have been
no increases in the strategic places
as firemen. Negroes are not being
hired and those still on the rolls
frequently crowded off. No Negro
has been placed on a Diesel engine
run.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-04-24
HAIR GROWS.
LONGER :
FREE Il DAYS
TREATMENT TO ALL

A visit TO the Offices OF Nine Marion
Spencer. famous Hair and Scalp Spec
cialist OF Philadelphia. will convInGa-
the most skepticsl that with proper
care. the hair viii grow longer and
appear more beautiful than ever.
Thousands OF testimonials prove thai
Nine. Spencer's Nu-Art for the hsLk,
-7heF-peFs9Aa Instructions have
heiped many persons who had pre-
viouSly tried as many as eight dlfferenf
kinds OF remedies without results.
2I DAYS TREATMENT FREE
Madam Spencer has worked out q method
that will now enable every reader Of this
paper TO get the Il DAYS FREE TEST bat
account Of the shortage Of tin. you VIII
be expected TO remail the empty tin boxes
to Madam Spencer. that other persons
may sisO receive FREE IL DAYS TREAT,
before. now Is your chance TO get one under
this new arrangement
SEND NO MONEY
PAY NOTHING ON ARRIVAL
........... COUPON .............
Nine. N. Spencer. President
Spencer system, lTl4 West colu mbia Ave,
Philadelphia. Penn. Dept CD.
Dear Madam Spencer Please send ne the
81 DAYS FREE TEST TREATMENT OF
Hu.Art 70 the HAIR. II ! and 10 TO be the
best nave ever used, will become q regu.
lar customer. ! will also return the empty
boxes 80 that others may set . HkEE
TREATMENT.
Name ....................,.
City .. . - Stata ...
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-04-24
To Report Cafe
Bias To Boards

The order recently issued from
oPA requiring every restaurant
eating and drinking place 10 file
with its local War Price and Rs-
tioning Board a copy OF each menu
or price list" will go long way
to alleviate discriminatory practices
in restaurants that discriminate
against Negro patrons" the National
Association for the Advancement
OF Colored People predicted through
the executive secretary, Gloster b.
Current.
Negroes who are victims OF high
er prices than those paid by patrons
OF other races. were urged by the
association to report these restau-
rants to the local Ration board.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-04-24
DANGER!
COLDS AT WORK
WITH COUGHING, SWIFTLY, SNeEN
STUFFY NOSE PUNISHMENT

Beware of spreading coldsl The spread
OF colds is national menace. Guard
YOUR well-being. Dress sensibly Get
enough sleep. Above all. don't neglect
your cold A neglected cold can cause
lots of misery. So do something about
the very first sniffle or sneeze, use
Penetro Nose Drops famous "two-drop"
way TO relief. Remember, Penetro
Nose Drops are real prescription-type
medication containing ephedrine, in q
balanced formula that helps break
through that colds congestion in your
nose. give your head cold the air.
Generous bottle 25e IN times as
much for 5Ot. Use only as directed.
And don't wait for these head cold
miseries to attack. Today get Penetro
Nose Drops.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-04-24

tuberculosis is kept alive in com
munity by the migration OF the germs
from sick people to the we'll Germs
hftch-hike on things which the sick
person has touched and ride like para
chute troops in dropiets Of moisture
the patient scstters when coughing
For this reason persons With tuber-
culosis should be isolated.
Evening star., 1943-05-03
Gillette Offers Fourth Plan
To Modernize Treaties
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
Declaring that in time of war we
should make every possible prepa-
ration for peace" Senator Gillette,
Democrat. of Iowa introduced in the
Senate today his fourth alternate
proposal for undermining the treaty.
making provisions of the Constitu-
ton.
A duplicate of similar proposal
introduced in 1920 by former Sem
ator Owen of Oklahoma, it pro-
vodies for concurrence by a simple
majority of Senators present at the
time the treaty is called up for
ratification. Under the present con-
stitutional provision, a treaty is in
effective except with the advice and
consent of two-thirds of the Sena-
tors present.
Making it clear that he was pre-
senting variety of plans simply
for study and selection. Senator
Gillette previously had introduced
these other proposed amendments:
Providing for concurrence of
majority of the members of the
Senate; providing that the Presi-
dent shall have power to make
treaties, but that no such treaty
shall be operative until it has been
approved by majority of the Sen
ators, and providing for the con-
currence of majority of both the
Senate and House.