Evening star., 1943-11-18

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their common enemies, will be con
tinued for the organization ant
maintenance of peace and security
To this end the four government
declared that they recognize tn
necessity of establishing at tn
earliest practicable date a genera
international organization, based o.
the principle of the sovereign equal
pity of all peace-loving states ant
open to membership by all sucl
states, large and small" I shoul,
like to lay particular stress on thi
provision of the declaration. TIL,
principle of sovereign equality of al
peace-loving states, irrespective O
size and strength, as partners in +.
future system of general securit,
will be the foundation stone upor
which the future international or
ganlzation will be constructed.
Adoption Welcomed.
The adoption of this principle wa
particularly welcome to us. No.
where has the conception of SOW.
ereign equality been applied NOR,
widely in recent years than in tn,
American family of nations, who's,
contribution to the common effor
in wartime will now be followed b,
representation in building the insti.
tutions of peace.
The four governments further
agree that, pending the Inauguration
In this manner of a permanent sys.
tenn of general security, they will
consult with one another and a.
occasion requires with other mem.
bers of the United Nations with 6
view to joint action on behalf Of
the community of nations" whenever
such action may be necessary fol
the purpose of maintaining interna.
tlonal peace and security.
Finally, as an important self
denying ordinance, they declared
that after the termination of hos
tilities they will not employ theil
forces within the territories of other
states except for the purposes en-
visaged in this declaration and after
joint consultation"
Through this declaration, the So.
Wet Union, Great Britain, the
United States and China have laic
the foundation for cooperative
effort in the postwar world towarc
enabling all peace loving nations
large and small, to live in peace
and security, to preserve the liber.
ties and rights of civilized existence
and to enjoy expanded opportuni.
ties and facilities for economic. so.
cial and spiritual progress. Nc
other important nations anywhere
have more in common in the pres
ent war or in the peace that is tc
follow victory over the Axis powers
NO one, no two of them can be most
effective without the others, in wal
or in peace
Cooperation Pledged.
Each of them had, in the past
relied in varying degrees upon poll
cles OF detachment and aloofness
In Moscow, their four governments
pledged themselves to carry forward
to its fullest development broad
and progressive program of inter-
national cooperation. This action
was of worldwide Importance.
AS the provisions of the four
nation declaration are carried into
effect there will no longer be need
for spheres of influence, for al
liances, for balance of power or any
other Of the special arrangements
through which, in the unhappy past
the nations strove to safeguard their
security or to promote their in
terests.
The conference faced many DO
litical problems growing out of the
military activities in Europe 1t was
foreseen that problems of common
interest to our three governments
will continue to arise as our joint
military efforts hasten the defeat
Of the enemy. 1t is impracticable
for several governments to come to
complete and rapid understanding
on such matters through the ordi-
nary channels of diplomatic COM
The conference accord
ingly decided to set up a European
advisory commission with its seat in
London. This commission will not
OF itself have executive powers.
It's sole function will be to
advise the governments of the
United States, Great Britain and
the Soviet Union. 1t is to deal with
problems relating to
enemy territories and with such
other problems as may be referred
to it by the participating govern
ments. 1t will provide useful in
rtrument for continuing study and
formulation Of recommendations
concerning questions connected with
the termination of hcstilities.
Italian Council Set Up.
For the purpose of dealing with
problems arising from the execution
of the terms of surrender of Italy
and with related matters growing
out of the developing situation in
that country, the conference estab-
ished an Advisory Council for Italy
This council will consist of repre-
sentatives of the governments of
the United States, Great Britain and
the Soviet Union, of the French
Committee of National Liberation
and of the governments of Yugo-
s,avia and Greece, as early as prac-
ticab'e. The members of the council
will advise the Allied commander
n chief cHd will make recommends
tioNS to ,hc respective government Is
and to the French committee con-
cern!ng nonmilitary problems re-
lating to Italy
1t was clearly understood that the
setting up of these two agencies
was not intended to supersede the
usual diplomatic channels of com.
munication between the three gov.
ernments. On the contrary, arrange
ments were made for expeditions
and effective handling of questions
Of concern to the three govern.
ments through tripartite diplomatic
conversations in any one of the
three capitals.
In a declaration on Italy, the con
terence set forth number of prin.
ciples on the basis of which demo
cratic restoration OF that country
intcrnel political structure shoulc
take place. These p"inciple5-in
o1rrii,,r