davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-07-31
"A STRANGE SILENCE

The daily newspaper commentators and some OF
the city fathers have charged that the N.AA.C.P,
the Negro Press and the general Negro leadership
were responsible for what Negroes did on June q
because they had stirred them up with talk about
equality. The Communists have also been accused
of playing a sinister part in this so-called equality
movement among Negroes. Now we want to know
who stirred up those mobs Of five and ten thousand
whites who roamed the downtown area of Detroit
like baying hounds on fox hunt
Commissioner Witherspoon stated that the Ne
gro rioters in small gangs and that no Negro
mobs ever approached the size Of any OF the white
mobs that besieged the marginal areas of the Negro
ghetto Where did these big white fnebs come FROM
1t seems that every Tom, Dick and Harry has
strong conviction on the sinister role of the Negro
leadership but nothing has been said about the white
leadership. Who stirred up the whites? When some
one suggests that the Ku kux Klan, Gerald X. Smith,
the Coughlinites and other weknown fascist groups
which have been at work here were responsible for
tanning the flames of race hate which engulfed the
city on June 81 the city fathers and the smart news
paper boys merely smile and ask, "Can you prove
it," If someone suggests that the wave of hate
strikes and the ant-Negro incidents which were eli
NAKED in insane rioting seem to be proof enough,
the downtown boys grin and reply But that isn't
legal evidence"
In other words they are very sure that the
Negro leaders who preach equality and ask that
democracy work right here in Detroit are respon-
sibe for making Negroes fighting mad but the white
mobsters just got fighting mad by accident We
want to know who stirred up the hate strikes against
Negroes in Hudson Naval Arsenal, Dodge Truck,
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-07-31

more than $500 900 went TO skilled
mechanics.
More than one-third OF the total
payrolls on projects in the District
OF Columbia. Virginia. North Caro-
Ina. South Carolina. Georgia, Ala
bama and Mississippi was earned by
Negro labor. In South Carolina, Ne
gro workers earned "a per cent OF
he skilled payroll; in Kentucky
and North Carolina, IA per cent,
Under contractual provisions war
public works contractors are re-
quired 10 employ Negroes in pro-
portion to their availability in the
communities in which the project
is located. Monthly reports on racial
employment are submitted TO the
Federal Works Agency. If con-
tractor has Appropriated the stipu-
lated percentages it is accepted as
prima facie evidence that he has
not Disseminated against Negro
workers.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-07-31
THE FACTS m
OUR NEWS
By HORACE A. WHITE

The Meaning Of Looting In Our
Recent Riots - A great deal has
been made Of the facts that Ne
groes broke out store windows and
looted the stores during the recent
roits in Detroit. There were hard
ened criminals who can be charged
with some Of the lOOting. The
criminal elements cannot explain
all of the looting. In fact most OF
the lOoters were not criminals at
all. and under normal circum-
stances would not steal and de-
strOy property. Because the loot
ing was done by Negroes. the loot
ing seems to confirm false notions
firmly held by the average Ameri-
can about Negores. Therefore let
us examine the basis of loOting in
time of catastrophe and apply the
results Of the examination to what
bappensd on Hastings street in De-
troit during the riots.
In England after a oomDlns, peo-
Pile OF good standing in their COM
munities have been caught loot
ing. We have numerous examples
in the history Of the floods in our
own country, of people looting dur
ing a catastrophe flood. Many
eminent authorities in England have
set themselves 10 explaining the
large amount of footing carried on
after a bombing. They have found
that fear. Illustration and desire
TO express themselves in relation
ship TO the tragedy are responsible
to great extent for the footing
that takes place. These same au-
thorities have discovered that small
children commit acts Of violence
upon one another during their play
after a bombing raid. These chill
dren do such things as dropping
heavy toys upon the heads of one
another. destroying their toys. and
in many instances would destroy
the whole playroom IL not re-
strained by their teachers and par
ents.
These basic understandings Of the
problem, although not given in too
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-07-31
THE BIG STICK

Reports are coming in from all over the country
and particularly from the Southland that the re-
dictionaries and native fascists who are determined
to check Negro advancement are warning the Negro
masses that what happened in Detroit can happen
elsewhere. The inference is that since Negroes were
slaughtered wholesale here, mob violence will be
used against them in other sections. BY striking
fear into the hearts Of Negroes the reactionares
hope to subdue the spirit of the people and place
lid of iron on the boiling pot Intimidation coercion
and brute force are winning favor with the 200 per
cent Americans who are alarmed at the fact that
Negroes are taking this war and the war aims
seriously
Big stick practices against minority group
are not only antdemocratic but they represent the
exact technique employed by Hitler and his gang
sters who annihilating the Jews Of con-
quered Europe When Henry Wallace stated Sun
day that race riots the first steps toward Nazsm
in America he spoke profound truth which has
been demonstrated in recent European history
Those who warn of fascism in America are being
laughed out of court by the prophets who be-
leved we could do business with Hitler and the Axis
company. The high priests of race hatred are work
ing for the enemy and the chaos they create threatens
black and white alike. The use of force and violence
to crush the Negro people only whets the appetite
of the fascist monsters for bigger game, the COM
mon man everywhere. We are nation of minorities
and the echniques employed against one will sooner
or later be employed against all
Hitler started off on the Jews and he is winding
up his mad course by crushing the German workers
themselves in the vain effort to pepetuate his power
and thwart the victory of the freedom loving people,
Each minority, racial and religious, felt the cold
edge of the Naz axe as the Axis uggernaut rumbled
to standstill before the stone wall OF Russia and
the frustrated Germans are beginning to turn upon
themselves with one purge after another.
We Americans must recognize that the seeds OF
fascism have taken root our native soil and race
riots make the field fertile for their future growth
Until we recognize the implications of the current
wave of violence against the Negro minority, we
Americans will have gained nothing from the ex-
perences of the conquered peoples of Europe. Those
who profess a love for a better world world of
plenty and of peace, can start building that better
world now by digging up in our own backyard those
wild weeds of fascism and racial hate.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-07-31
We~o The~
Negro
nv WILLIAM l. SIZE RRlll
NY WILLIAM /. .SHERRLU

many Of The ills. which at this
tine appear 10 be chronic.
The early solution OF the race
problem and the complete eman-
c.pat.on Of Negroes. lie in the hands
Of the average Negro"
The race may produce a genius
each day in the year, but the stand
ing OF the group Will never be
cher than that OF the average
Negro.
:. >; x
THE AVERAGE MAN, black or
white. is the man who strikes a
happy medium in his way Of think
ing and living, He was born with
average capacity 70 assim'late
knowledge and make decisions He
is neither good nor bad. but his
reactions are normal. He Is at his
best when he is just sincere.
honest, thoughtful human being
| trying TO make the best Of life with
the tools at hand. Little or much,
he is doing his best.
y X y
THE AVERAGE NEGRO must
realize in greater numbers his i'm
por:ance 10 his group IL he ex-
PEGS 10 play his part in promot-
ing his security and advancement
as the average white man is play
.ns, IN promoting the security and
advancement OF white folks
The AVERAGE NEGRO must
cease 10 be sa, Sfed with his ig-
norance. The AVERAGE NEGRO
must cease 20 play when he ought
% be working The AVERAGE
NEGRO must cultivate more re-
spect for rs leadership in spite
pot what may be its shortcomings.
/ for our only hope rests in Negro
leadership. The AVERAGE Me-
GRO must display more respect
! for himself and that which is his.
The AVERAGE NEGRO must cease
TO rest upon his oars because a
few white men and a few over
optimistic Negroes continually sing
praises TO race progress. Be not
deceived; millions OF Negroes are
yet sound asleep. and until they
wake up, Negro progress will be
measured by centuries instead OF
/ decades.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-07-31
POet'sCOrner
MOTHER
By Charles Harris

BY Cnarics hhrEb
In this worlds haste and ruthless
waste,
Most cherished loves recede.
Sweet for a day. they fade away
On Times impatient steed.
But there's one love, gift from
above,
That holds enduring grace.
Though Time may scar, he cannot
mar,
Her lovely smiling face.
She taught to me, upon her knee.
That Jesus died for me,
That little ones must be good ones
In Jesus grave to be.
To do the right to seek the light;
To pray both morn and night;
Do all could. stay clean, be good,
Through His unfailing might.
Those gentle eyes that idolize.
That smile that exudes cheer;
Your sweet voice, too, so kind and
true.
Those arms that hold so dear;
That heart and creed that sought
TO lead
My feet along LIES way.
Shall always be my rosary,
My guide from day to day.
Could you but hear my love strains
dear.
For you I fain would voice,
Their melody and potency
Would make your soul rejoice.
Could | mould them into gem
AS brilliant as your love,
Then Mother mine, they would out
shine
Those pearly gates above.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-07-31
THE AVERAGE MAN
TIE AVERAGE NEGRO
AVERAGE"
HOTvN.n ACT IT'D
SOUND ASLEEP

THE AVERAGE MAN is the most
important man on the face OF the
earth. On his shoulder the destiny
Of nations rests. He can direct the
course Of human affairs
The world is slowly but surely
awakening 70 this fact. There was
a time when no man te'. happy be-
ing termed the average man" He
Immediately felt that he was being
depicted as one Of great crowd
who lives and dies unknown ana
unregretted. He felt himself just
one in millions who had no power
and meant nothing in particular TO
his generation. But times are
changing rapidly. The millions are
realizing their power. their i'm
portance, their responsibility. The
millions are beginning 70 have
something 10 say about the way
this world is being run; they are
burkling down 20 the task OF doing
their part in making the world 4
better place 10 live in.
WE. THE AVERAGE NEGRO,
have a longer way 20 20 in this
direction than the average white
man. or course this is largely due
TO our having started late. Be
cause OF our late start the masses
OF our people sTe not as fully
awake 20 their respons bil.t.cs and
possibilities as the white masses
about them.
Since emancipation, we the Ne
gro. have shown more or less a
disposition 70 keep abreast OF the
great army OF VIII tes with whom
We have dwelt. We have shown
an increase each year among those
who are preparing themselves alon :
educational lines 10 measure VI
with their white brothers. This,
however. has been only by the
hundreds. There arc more than
fifteen millions Of US in America.
Most of these millions are not yet
conscious Of Their powers.
X :; *
HOW TO AWAKEN our sleeping
, millions is a most inportan: ques-
ton. The sooner we discover the
answer to this question, the sooner
the race Will begin to recover from
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-07-31
Negro Pay
Roll Totals
f Million

WASHINGTON. - Negro con-
struction workers on Csc war public
works projects throughout The coun-
try have earned nearly $1,000 600 in
wages since the beginning Of the
program. according TO report SUBJ
nitted this week TO Mai. Gen Philip
B. Fleming. administrator Of the
Federal Works Agency, by W. j.
Trent Jr., racial relations officer.
Wages paid TO Negroes represent
ed 10 per cent OF the total payroll
on these projects. OF this amount,
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-07-31
RUST SUMMER SCHOOL

HOLLY SPRINGS, Miss.-In spite
Of demands OF the army for men
and women, the enrolment at Rust
college for ,the first summer session
was approximately two hundred
Evening star., 1943-04-22
Here is the simple explanation:

Chelsea has given SERVICE. timely,
practical sEKv1cE-when service was
needed! Actually Chelsea's repre-
sentation overseas is but 81 of the
total overseas cigarette volume.
But boats don't uait for brands! Due to
the uncertainties of wartime transporta-
ton, it is not always possible to govern
the distribution Of the various brands
when the conveys sail.
Evening star., 1943-04-22
Broker Defends Fees.
Paid by Mission Board
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
CHICAGO, April 22.-Walter c.
Rawls, manager of the st. Louis
branch Of E. H. Rollins & Sons, Inc,
New York brokerage house, testified
at Securities and Exchange Com
mission hearing yesterday that he
gave "personalized" service In han
ding securities for the Board OF
Missions Of the former Methodist
Episcopal Church South.
The hearing is being conducted to
determine whether any SEC regula-
tions had been violated by the New
York brokerage concern and Mr..
Rawls, who is q brother Of Julius F.
Rawls, former treasurer of the gen.
eral account Of the church's Board
OF Missions.
Mr.. Rawls testified that he had
an understanding with Mrs. Ina
Davis Fulton, a member of the
Finance Committee of the Board of
Missions, about the "personalized"
service and the charge for it. Under
this understanding, he said, the
charge agreed upon was about five
security points. He added that Mrs.
Fulton's securities portfolio was in
bad shape and that she had asked
him to see what could be recovered.
I'VE gave her results and we did
a good job" Mr.. Rawls said. adding
that the type of service rendered
was unusual"
Evening star., 1943-04-22
Toxic Papers Told Jap People
Raid by u. S. Planes Was Blind
War Lords Used Attack to Stir Nation
To Frenzy Of Hatred Against Americans

Ono other thing the pictures
show clearly is that the volunteer
squadrons of housewives and school,
boys and shopkeepers who were or
ganized and trained long before the
war did their work eficiently.
The babby uniforms Of the Jap
anese women may seem grotesque
to us, but they are cheap, costing
about Is yen 90. and they do cover
the infiammable kimonos from ankle
to neck. To speed up their work,
the AFRAID wardens ride bicycles.
They have cardboard megaphones
tied to their faces. Night after
night during the fall Of 1941 they
went through their drills. often
standing guard after a test alarm
until l am.
One small picture in Yomiuri was
captioned as part of a plane that
was shot down. This has been de-
MED by the War Department in
Washington, and later when a
freshly painted plane was placed on
exhibition in Toxic and Kobe the
japanese were skeptical. The Yo-
miuri account called the planes
Lockheed Hudsons, instead of the
correct North American B-25 desig-
nation.
Evening star., 1943-04-22
Rotary Sales S1,115,0OO.

Members Of the Rotary Club, at
Its meeting yesterday at the willard
Hotel, announced they had made
sales totaling $l,115,000 in second
War loan securities. Richard w.
Hynson, War bond chairman for the
Evening star., 1943-04-22

club, pointed out that the clubs
goal is 100000 by the time the
drive ends.
Each member of the club has as
sumed the responsibility of being
War bond salesman for the drive,
and has pledged himself to purchase
an extra bond.
Z. B. Cissell, War Bond chairman
OF the Notwithstanding Con-
struction Co., announced yesterday
that $4,000 in Second War Loan
securities have been issued by the
company during the current cam
palgn. He said this was in addi-
ton to the 10 per cent which all
Evening star., 1943-04-22
Bill 10 Ban Closed Shop
Is Rejected in Florida
BY the Associated Press,

BY the Associated Press. @
TALLAHASSEE, Fla, April 22.-
The Florida House Labor Commit
tee rejected, 10 to 9, yesterday a bill
which would, have outlawed the
closed shop in employment immed-
lately.
The action means the bill cannot
be considered by the House unless
the Labor Committee is overruled by
a two-thirds vote on the floor.
An unfavorable report by a COM
mittee usually kills a bill.
Representative Joe Jenkins offered
the bill along with a proposed con-
stitutional amendment that, if rati-
fed in the 1914 general election
would prohibit the closed shop. He
said, however, they were independ-
ent and one would stand without the
other.
The House approved the consti-
tutional amendment, but it has not
been acted on by the Senate.
Evening star., 1943-04-22
Firestone Tire Company
Offers u. S. Bunu Potents
By the ASsociated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
AKRON, Ohio, April 22.-The
Firestone Tire e. Rubber Co. an
nounced yesterday an offer to trans
fer to the United States Govern
ment, for all time and without COM
pensation, all its patents on buna 8
type synthetic tire rubber.
The offer was disclosed when
Harvey s. Firestone, jr., president
of the company made public
telegram which he said he had sent
to Rubber Director William M. JEFF
fers. 1t followed a similar move by
the Standard Oil Co. OF New JERSEY.
Evening star., 1943-04-22
War Loan
CONTINUED From First Page.)

job is to lend every cent possible
to the Government to prosecute the
war until the Axis is smashed. 1t
is the sober realization of the facts
in this war crisis that will influence
our workers to tighten their belts
and put every penny they can
possibly spare above the cost of
living into Government securities"
Mr.. Lee also stated that many
of the 100000 trade unionists In
Washington are, in addition to their
regular purchases of bonds through
payroll savings, making extra"
bond purchases this month. He
said many unions here have yet to
invest in War loan securities, and
those that have given have pledged
to make further purchases.
Amounts Purchased.
The amounts subscribed by unions
here was announced as follows:
International Association OF Ma
chinists, $500, 900; American FEEDER
alton of Labor, 100000: Interna-
tional Hod Carriers. Building and
Common Laborers' Union, $500, 900;
United Mine Workers of America,
5000 900; Bricklayers. Masons, Plas-
terers International Union, 5000, 900;
United Association of Journeymen,
Plumbers and Steamfitters, $780,
600; International Brotherhood of
Electrical Workers. $4,000 Elec-
trical Workers Benefit Association,
$50O,000; American. Standard Life
Insurance Co, $250,0
Also, Carpenters District Council,
$4,000; Pattern Makers Of North
America, 100000; American FEEDER
alton Of Government Employees.
$4,000; National Federation of
Post Once Clerks. $4,000; Plaster
ers Local No. 96. $4,000; Meat Cut
ters Local No. 3s3, $4,000; Bakery
Statesmen Local No. 80, $500; La
bor Cooperative and Educational
Society, $4,000; Local No. II, In
ternational Union Operating Engi-
neers, $4,000. .s
Also, Steam Filters Local No. 602,
$4,000; Meat Cutters Local No. SIS,
$4,000; Truck Drivers Local No. $50,
sac 900; Building Laborers Local No.
"a. $4,000; Moving Picture oper-
atcrs Local No. 224, $4,000 and Dis
trict No. A, International Associa-
tion of Machinists, 5000.
More than $4,000 in War bonds
was pledged by members Of the
Silver Spring Board Of Trade at
bond auction meeting last night at
the Indian Spring Country Club.
Lee H. Robinson. president, and Fred
L. Lutes, banker, conducted the
auction.
Rotary Sales $1,115,00o.
Members Of the Rotary Club, at
Its meeting yesterday at the willard
Hotel, announced they had made
sales totaling $l,115,000 in second
War loan securities. Richard w.
IYv,vScnv% Vryo how'd E..
Evening star., 1943-04-22

Service is the simple explanation of the
above mystery" Naturally, we are glad
that Chelsea Cigarettes were available. :.
1t is a matter of record that Army
specifications call for only the highest
quality foods, cigarettes fact, all sup
plies for our soldiers.
The makers of Chelseas are proud
not only of the high quality of our ciga
rettes-but of the services which we have
been able to render the Armed Forces.
Evening star., 1943-04-22

employees are investing on the pay
roll savings plan.
The Globe Distributing Co., whole
sale liquor concern whose As en-
ployes are devoting their full time
to selling War bonds for the dura-
ton of the drive, reported total
of $4,000 worth Of War bonds sold
through yesterday Morris Seltzer,
of the company, said an average of
Evening star., 1943-04-22
House Group Approves
Inquiry on Absenteeism

BY the Associated Press.
The House Labor Committee ap-
proved yesterday bill directing the
Secretary Of Labor to make an in
vestigation Of absenteeism among
war workers and report to Congress
within 80 days. The measure directs
the Labor Department to explore the
causes and extent of absenteeism
and to seek methods for its control
Evening star., 1943-04-22

200 subscriptions have been received
each day.
Harry s.. Wender, president Of
the Federation of Citizens Associa-
tions, announced his organization
will hold a Second War Loan Bond
rally in the Departmental Audi
torium, Twelfth street and Consti-
tuition avenue NV. on May l.
The Federation, composed of 66
Evening star., 1943-04-22

/ groups in the District. hopes to A.
nance the purchase OF a 5000, 900
medium bomber through the sale
of War bonds. Mr.. Wender said
admission to the rally, which will
have = stage show contributed by
the motion picture industry's War
Activities Committee, will be by pur-
chase of bonds.
Evening star., 1943-04-22
New Zealand Service Club

Government House in Auckland,
New Zealand. has been made club
for the Fighting Forces and Mer-
chant NAVY,
Evening star., 1943-04-22

fTDo copies OF the TOXIC 1,e1os-
paper Yonaturi, Published inan,e-
dintely after the United States
raid on the city, haze come into
the hands OF the editors OF the
magazine NeUsDeek. Mar Hill,
iDho 1Das a prisoner in TOXIC at
the time, saD the papers and
Drote his copy against the back
ground OF his o,Dn experiences.
In reading this story, it should
be remembered that there Dds
strict censorship on damage and
that eDery possible stress tDoIld
be placed on nonnailitary de-
strnctton.)
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-03-18

NCOnClnueQ from rage -
this point both Attorney Navin and
Attorney Palomba began to speak
and the court interviewed.
Judge Gaffney then informed At
torney Navin that the proper proce.
dure was an appeal. II don't feel
that have any right to reopen the
case" he said. IF this court Is
wrong, and it some times happens
that the courts are wrong, the ap-
pellate court will correct It,"
Attorney Navins appeal on be-
half of Salinardi was taken under
consideration several weeks ago, and
at the city court hearing March 8,
Judge Gaffney reserved decision.
In his decision yesterday, he said
that while persons taken sick IN
prison with diseases which from
their nature were incurable during
the prison term have certain rights,
"the remedy for the enforcement Of
such rights lies without the province
Of the court"
His decision said further that
there was no proof Of the fact that
confinement for the balance Of his
jail term would be dangerous to the
life Of Salinardi.
Attorney Navins application for
the release of his client was based
on the fact, supported by Dr.
Cohanes statement, that IL was not
possible for Salinardi TO obtain diet
necessary for his stomach disorder
at New Haven Jail.