davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-02-05
Photographic Archives

Edward B. Eaton, who died at
Hartford, Connecticut, December q,
performed a service for his country
men which they should remember
with appreciation. The better part
of his life was spent in the develop
ment of a pictorial record of Ameri-
can history from 1855 to 1895. What
he did and how he came to do it are
matters which certainly should be of
very particular interest to the people
of the Nations Capital.
The story, in brief, is this: In 1907
Mr.. Eaton was shown by his fellow
townsman, John C. Taylor, number
of photographs made by Mathew
B. Brady, the pioneer Washington
camera artist. His enthusiasm
thus having been aroused, he estab-
lished, in collaboration with Herbert
C. Myrick of Springfield, Massa-
chusetts, a publishing organization
especially to seek out and to repro
duce for general circulation all such
pictures as could be found. The first
book Of Brady prints which they
sponsored was issued in 1909, and
proved sensation. Critics promptly
attacked the battle scenes, alleging
with considerable violence that they
must have been posed" Veterans of
the Civil War were among those who
defended the views as genuine docu-
rlents. The one indubitable authori-
ty on the subject could not answer.
He had departed this world in poverty
and obscurity in 1896
But Mr.. Eaton's labors restored
Brady's celebrity beyond any ques-
ton. The Review of Reviews ap-
pealed TO owners of copies of his
photographs to lend them for re-
printing. Hundreds of individuals
responded, and a ten-volume gal
lery" was the result. The pub
licity attendant upon the enterprise
brought out the fact that 1000
pictures purchased from Brady by
the Government in 1875 were stored
in the War College Now, following
the death of Mr.. Eaton, it is an
nounced that he left five albums of
Brady originals" in the custody OF
the Connecticut State Library.
The problem of creating a national
archives Of photography, preferably
in the Library of Congress, has been
discussed repeatedly in the past
decade, 1t should be taken up
seriously as soon as circumstances
permit. Mr.. Eaton's example is an
inspiration for what is wanted.
Evening star., 1943-02-05
Proponent Of Single Tax
Wants Communists Persuaded.

To the Editor of The Star:
A great deal is being said about the
danger of bureaucracy Representa-
tives Dies and Summers have sounded
vigorous warnings of impending dis
aster if the, present trend continues
Let us remember that governmental
restriction, deplorable though it may be-
is necessary to certain extent during
wartime. War itself is as unnatural as
Government control over private lives
Once understood, war simply and clearly
is an outgroWth of system of unbridled
economic exploitation, a system which
breeds wretched poverty, crime, insanity
bitter hatred and the most inconceivably
distorted economic interpretations.
Mr.. Dies complains that Communists
have filtered into the Government in
numbers great enough to cause alarm.
This is nothing new. Americans long
have known that there are Communists
and their sympathizers in the Govern
ment just as there are dangerous Amer
lean Nazis in America 1t is one thing
to expose them. 1t is another thing,
however, to offer a solution.
Who are these misled Communists?
Are not many of them persons who once
believed In oux system. but for some
Evening star., 1943-02-05
Huskin's Answers
To Questions
Bp Frederic J. Hdskin.

reader can get the ansrer to any
question OF fact BY ,criting The
Ecenino Star Information Bure6N.
Frederic j. Haskin. director. Wash
tneton, d. c. Please inclose stamp tor
return postage.
@. How many persons have been I'M
peached?-L. L. p.
A. There have been only IL I'M
peachment proceedings against Federal
officers in the history OF the country.
and only four convictions. In two cases
proceedings were abandoned.
@. What was the number OF days of
the trial of the Willett-Sears case, said
to be the longest civil case on record7--
NJ P. B.
A. There were lS4 actual trial days
The trial began on November 8, 1873. in
Norfolk County, Massachusetts,.
@. Is there really cow-sucker
Snake?-D. F.
A. Any of the various North Amer
ican harmless colubrid snakes are called
COW suckers. They are mistakenly sup
posed to milk cows
Evening star., 1943-02-05
The Dies Phenomenon

The Dies Committee blouse Spe-
cial Committee on Un-American
Activities) continues to be something
of phenomenon in Washington
Created in May, 1888, it has been in
existence for four and half years,
though the life of House special COM
mittees usually is limited to a year
IT. has received more appropriations
than any special committee in
the House ever received-$495. 900. It
has incurred the repeated antago-
niSm Of most of the administration
leaders, not to mention the liberal"
groups throughout the country. Even
many of those friendly to its aims
have resented the sort of evidence on
which the committee, in some in
stances, has based damaging attacks
on the character of some otherwise
respectable citizens.
Yet the House warmly applauded
Mr.. Dies when he completed an hour
and half speech On Monday, in which
he brought out some new facts, but
dealt most with subjects and per-
sonalities covered many times before.
And Wednesday the Rules Committee
voted to continue the life of the COM
mittee for two more years. The
House, which voted 33l to IS last
March to extend the committee for
the remainder of the past session,
undoubtedly will vote, perhaps more
emphatically, to prolong its life again
and to give it the money it needs
to continue Investigations.
The explanation lies in the fact
that the House membership approves
whole heartedly Of what the COM
mittee is doing. Its revelations re-
garding the antecedents and COM
plexions of many individuals tend
to confirm commonly held belief
that while such people have every
right. as citizens, to their advocates
and beliefs, they have no business
filling policy making positions In the
National Government. And while
Mr.. Dies always delivers a lot of
Evening star., 1943-02-05

good reason have lost faith? Is it not
cur duty, instead of blindly assailng
them, to show them that there Is a way
out without resorting to the certain
slavery which follows in the wake of
complete Government control?
The bureaucracy which Mr.. Dies and
Mr.. Summers have denounced is an
excrescence of a system which grants
men political and religious freedom but
denies equal access to the earth's re-
sources by condoning the private mo-
nopoly OF land. The danger of our
present system of land tenure and tariffs
is such that for every 10 Communists
that Mr.. Dies tries somehow to evaporate
20 others will spring up.
The only way in which to end the
threat of Communism is to perfect our
own system to an extent where it will
show up in bright gleam of COMPARE
son the definite faults of Government
control. The alternative is eventual dis
aster We must remove the crushing
burdens of taxation from the shoulders
OF legitimate private enterprise and place
q oAAA6N CdA uPOIl VIC VdAuc VI lAnO, C0uS
granting to all the full benefits which
accrue from the earth upon which all
must work and live. Let us return to
the great principles of freedom exhorted
by Christ
The rights of labor, industry and agri-
culture are sacred and must be made
inviolate. People must realize that no
conflict really exists between labor and
industry. but between labor and In
dustry on the one hand and private land
monopoly on the other. Any other
confusion of this basic truth will plunge
the world into the condition Of France
In 1910, and with America engulfed, as
she might have been now but for the
grace of God. it will be a sad occasion
in the long and bloody struggle Of man.
Klno. D. A.
Evening star., 1943-02-05
Praise for Columnist
Who Discusses Vital Issues.
D. A..

To the Editor of The Star
For my money the best feature in The
Star Is Samuel Grafton's I'D Rather Be
Right" His column is aptly named be-
cause he probably could get more atten-
ton and more circulation by following
another writer's practice Of diverting
peoples consideration from their real
and basic interests and attacking COR
rupt labor unions while saying nothing
about corrupt, price fixing business as
sociatlons.
Mr.. Grafton has unique way of show
ing the public what is going on against
the public interest in Congress. He
calls attention to issues which vitally
concern all of us. He reminds us con-
stantly that We must fight at home as
we'll as abroad to preserve and extend
government for the people and by the
people. Clearly and forcefully he re-
veals the tactics OF our enemies.
JAMES H. ROCHE.
Evening star., 1943-02-05
Disagrees With Objection
To unconditional Surrender"

To the Editor Of The Star:
Is Dorothy Thompson preparing for
another Fascist appeasement? Her
column in The Star for February l is
a most astounding Interpretation of
Britain's and Americas ultimatum to
Germany and Italy OF unconditional
surrender" Miss Thompson doubts that
our leaders have the right to set that
goal as war aim.
Miss Thompson interprets "uncondi-
tional surrender" for Germany as sui
eide" for the German people, total de-
feat of Fasclsm and the beginning of
social revolution in Germany leading
to Communism
I repeat that this Interpretation
presages an appeasement Of the worst
murderous gangsters the world has ever
known. Why not unconditional sur
render? Knowing that the present gen.
Grafton of Germans is conditioned
through years of severe indoctrination
to accept nothing but enslavement or
ruthless killing of all non -Aryans, it is
simple folly not to fight for and accept
no truce but unconditional surrender.
What peculiar quirk of reasoning
prompted Miss Thompson's analysis and
Interpretation? Can she not imagine
that the remnants Of the slaughtered
peoples OF dozen nations In Europe
want nothing but complete subjugation
OF the Huns, who in the pursuit OF world
conquest have destroyed millions whose
only fault was that they were not of
German blood?
OF course Christianity will prevent us
from annihilating such enemies as
paganism would justify. But it is the
mood of many who fight this war to
make Germany concentration camp
for all of the present Nazi party and
German Army until old age renders
them impotent, The world never can
be safe for even an armed truce until
the German armies Internationally
surrender" Appeasers and Fascist SYM
pathizers, and many honest Christians
will disagree. but I wager the people
now living in Poland, Greece Norway,
Belgium, Russia and our collaborators in
France will demand that we accept no
terms short of unconditional surrender"
E. B. HENDERSON.
Evening star., 1943-02-05
THIS AND THAT
BIZ Charles E. TrdceueH.

The purple finch, for instance. is not
really purple. but rather on the rasp-
berry side. 1t is more a magenta In
free will. would ever call it purple. But
the ornithologists are right. no doubt.
since the color tints are very intricate,
especially to talk about They are like
music. Every one who has tried 1t knows
that music is perhaps the most dinicult
Of all subjects to write about with any
degree of common sense, because one
art must be written about In terms OF
another. All sorts of comparisons are
used. such as string of pearls to indi-
cate the rapid runs of the pianist, for
example when every one knows that the
rapid scale is not string of pearls, and
only seems to resemble one to the mind
trying hard to find some way Of compar-
ing things which cannot be compared
The color one sees in bird depends
so much upon the lighting that it is no
wonder no two persons ever see the same
bird the same way.
The startling. for instance
There is bird which most persons
think Of as black
With the sun on him. in good reflected
ers are absolute jewels.
They have the famous electric quality
so much discussed in relation to ladies
dress goods.
Not only that. they have multitudes
Of colors. each changing slightly as the
bird moves
No one who has seen startling in this
way will ever think Of it again as black
bird, even when 1T seems so at some
little distance
H STREET.
Dear Sir:
May say few words of commenda-
ton for your excellent column? Each
time read it I confess a certain touch
of envy. for you are visibly so completely
interested In the subject under discus
sion and so well in command OF all the
information concerning it. that it is al
most possible to feel your personal pleas
ure in writing about 1t. This you ac-
complish in an unself conscious, matter
of-fact manner which manages to be
quietly enthused without the gushiness
so often associated with nature writer's.
Rarely does one see workman whose
product so obviously reflects his own
personal enjoyment in its manufacture.
VERY truly yours, K. R. D."
We print this letter not so much In
commendation of ourself as of our read
ers, who all get great deal Of personal
enjoyment out OF bird observation and
care.
There Is something about bird life,
we feel which engenders this enjoy
ment. II any one doubts 1t, Just let him
watch birds for while.
More than that, all persons who watch
birds regularly are bird helpers and in
this way they at all times are conserving
one Of Americas finest resources.
Evening star., 1943-02-05
The Mcclellan Bill

Legislation proposed by Senator
Mcclellan of Tennessee to fill posi-
tions above the S4,5O0 level by presi-
Dental appointment and Senate
confirmation. with tenure limited to
four years, would destroy civil serv-
ice and wreck the administrative
machinery of the executive agencies
by encouraging periodic turnover
in hundreds of key positions.
Civil service is based on the prin-
ciple of appointment and promotion
on merit. To substitute an arrange
ment under which advancement is
dependent on political support is
reversion to the spoils system, and,
with time limit on appointments,
a reversion to the spoils system in an
aggravated form. Accentuating the
undesirable nature Of the measure is
a provision requiring incumbents of
positions in the designated class to be
reappointed through the new pro-
cedure in order to hold on after June
oo' ~ SOuAiCACoo ll1Cll dllu WOlllCAl
who have attained their places by
long and efficient service, this would
be grave injustice.
Unfortunately, the emergency re-
taxation of civil service regulations
has led to abuses that might win
support for legislation such as is now
proposed from members of Congress
who, In the past, have joined in the
effort to strengthen the merit sys-
tenn. In recent speech in the Ma
tional Radio Forum, Chairman
Ramspeck of the House Civil Service
Committee warned that civil service
gains were being menaced by the
attitude of appointing officers who,
taking advantage of conditions, per-
sist in filling high -salaried war posts
with personal favorites without re-
gard for ability-another form of
spoils-and Mr. Ramspeck has never
been addicted to idle oratory, as the
Government service knows.
It should not be necessary to kill
the patient to effect a cure in this
instance. however.
Evening star., 1943-02-05
NEARBY MARYLAND.

CCdI oil
Would you kindly help me to identify
bird I saw on my feeding stand last
Sunday?
The bird was the size of a white
throated sparrow. or little smaller:
olive green on back, black and white
wing bars and white underneath.
Il enjoy This and That very much.
Respectfully. E. A. H
We are inclined to think that this bird
must be the ruby-crowned kinglet. al
though the kinglet is but Al inches long.
1t possibly might be a goldfinch in
winter dress
The kinglet does not show any ruby
crown except in summer, when courting
or angry.
1t is plain grayish-olive on the head,
becoming more olive on the back and
tail.
The wings and tail are dusky. with
light yellowish- -olive or grayish olive
edges. The inner wing quills are
broadly edged with dull vhitish
The stomach OF the kinglet is olive
whitish.
An occasional one winters mere.
Goldfnch usually fly in small focks in
winter but occasionally there will be one
by itself.
The male in winter and the female
in all seasons have the upper parts
olive-brownish and the underparts gray
sh-white, with the wings and tail black
ish, marked with white.
Some observers see them as brown.
Color is very delicate thing. Per-
haps no two persons see color exactly
the same way. Then their words, in de-
scribing it, are not the same. Hence the
final results are often very much at odds,
when all the time they are talking about
the same thing
1t Is no wonder that persons who work
with flowers have drawn up elaborate
color charts, so that when one term Is
used, 1t can be checked against stand
ard color, SO that all may know exactly.
The ruby crowned kinglet Is shy
bird
drons by the dining room window of and
on for several months.
Exquisite" Is the only word for him.
He is rather slight, not at all fat.
There is as explained, no indication Of
the red mark which gives him his COM
mon name.
The ruby coioring comes out only in
the summer, and then only when the
creature is courting or in battle.
Even then it would be seen easily at
only few feet.
The common name makes every one
look for ruby, when that is the last
thing about the bird which any one
would see.
There are many instances Of such
mild misnaming among the common bird
names.
Evening star., 1943-02-05

chaff with his grain, there is enough
substance in what he says to gain and
to hold the support of his colleagues
and the voters they represent. They
will continue to support him as long
as SO many of his charges are met
by ridicule and abuse, instead of
factual disproof. 1t is worthy of some
note that in spite of every effort by
skilled and influential foes to dis
credit him and his work, he gains
rather than loses prestige in the
House.
Evening star., 1943-02-05
Wants Court" Of Representatives"
To Control Demonstration"


To Control Reconstruction"
To the Editor Of The Star:
Peace will bring the inevitable dis
putes and grievances that are bound to
arise from old wounds never properly
healed, wounds that were improperly
treated In this connection the post war
problems of all countries involved should
be met by proper representation of
those specific countries.
Not to anticipate but to alleviate un-
necessary delay and pickering, suppose
one or two men were selected from each
county involved. These men should have
regulations beyond reproach, be fair
minded, schooled in the art of diplomacy,
closely associated with the needs and
requirements of the people represented,
to insure the Inauguration of confidence
and trust so badly needed if any plan
OF reconstruction is to be successful.
With these delegates a court or council
could be formed, charged with the re-
sponsibility of maintaining peace among
all nations. E. H. IRWIN.
Evening star., 1943-02-05

that sentences may be too long or
too short. and either extreme is poor
policy, as the individual or the public
is certain to suffer. The fact that
members of the bench find short
conings in the system they ad-
minister must commend itself to
thoughtful persons as emphasizing
the need for change.
Evening star., 1943-02-05

Q. Does President RooseveN's coat
Of arms appear on the White House
china?-M. r. N.
White House is the Presidents Seal
This is used by all Presidents. not by
President Roosevelt alone.
Q. How large is the largest wheat
farm on record in the United states?--
e. T. Y.
A. Thomas Donald Campbell op-
Grated $4,000 acres of farm land in Mon
tana. raising wheat and max. This u
the largest wheat farm on record In the
United States.
Q. Where was Sir Thomas More's
Utopia published?-I. L. @.
A. This satire on political condi-
tons In England during the early 18th
century was written while Sir Thomas
was on . diplomatic mission In Brus-
sells, Belgium. The book, therefore. was
printed in Louvain under editorship Of
the great Dutch scholar Erasmus.
9. To settle discussion, please state
the number Of muscles that = bee uses
in stinging.-G. B. p.
A. The number Is ~.
q. When was the Italian Minister
Grandi in the United states7-w. II. +.
A. Dino Grandi, the Foreign Minister,
came to this country in November, 1891,
to discuss world affairs with Prexident
Hoover and other government ofacials.
Q. Is optical sand found anywhere
In the United States?-s. s.
A. The sand 1T lockwood, Mich, 10
suitable for optical purposes.
@. What Is the oldest newspaper In
the world that Is still being issued?--
N. n
A. The News. . monthly publication
founded In Peking (Peiping,. China.
early in the sixth century, has been pub.
hshed continuously down to the pres-
ent day. It's purpose was to make
known the emperor's orders and other
oflcial news.
Q. What Is tho legend Of the mock.
ingbird?-K. r. j.
A. In some parts Of the South there
is belief that each mockinsbird IL the
guardian of good person who has died,
and who can leave his grave only when
the mockingbird calls him to come.
@. Where II the town of Firenao
situated?-A. ]. s.
A. Firen1e is the Italian way Of spell.
ing the place named Florence.
@. Who Is the author of the saving
about the strawberry that doubtless God
could have made a better berry, but
never did?-E NJ p
A. Izaak Walton records this saving
Of his friend Dr. William Butler: "Doubt-
less God could have made a better berry.
but doubtless God never did"
Q. What kind Of . stone is 4 cameo3
IS. E.
A. Cameo Is not necessarily the
name of q gem or stone It Is merely \
method OF cutting Canoes may b
made OF sardonyx. onyx, a she'll or
other material usually having layers OF
different colors, the figures being cut in
relief in one layer another serving as 4
background.
Evening star., 1943-02-05

PROPHECIES - Perhaps the most
celebrated Of all the prophets. and
certainly the most discussed at the
present time is Michel de NotredAme,
better known as Nostradamus. This
l6th-century doctor made some
strangely accurate prophecies con-
corning the French Revolution. Ma
poleon's career. and the first World
War. That he saw ahead to the
present conflict and looked across
the ocean to the newly discovered
continent OF America Is now revealed.
according to some of his many in
terpreters. His predictions, together
with those of other noted prophets,
are included in new 32-page booklet
To secure your copy inclose 10 cents
In coin. wrapped in this clipping,
and mail to The Star Information
Bureau.
Name
Address
Evening star., 1943-02-05
Letters to the Editor

Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address of
the 1uriter, although the use OF
a pseudonyn, for publication is
permissible. The Star reserves
the right to edit all letters 1uith
q Die1U to condensation.
Evening star., 1943-02-05

An echo is said to be the only
thing that always answers and
always repeats exactly what was said
to it. True. but some husbands al
most make the grade.
Evening star., 1943-02-05

1t seems to be happy combina-
ton of RAF and American flyers
who have been putting the din" in
Sardinia.
Evening star., 1943-02-05

Nowhere is the rubber stamp
shortage beginning to show up more
than on Capitol Hill, and it is said
that it may take a turn for the worse.
Evening star., 1943-02-05

Some one once succinctly said that
there never was a good war or bad
peace. This old globe seems to be
suffering from neither Just now.
Evening star., 1943-02-05

Among other happy effects OF the
millennium will be that the rule of
the road-keep to the right-will
apply also to the sidewalks.
Evening star., 1943-02-05

District of Columbia dentists, in
their special drive to collect rubber
and metal, have warned the Axis
that this will hurt little.
Evening star., 1943-02-05
Remarks On Audience
Fer Spectacle in the East.

To the Editor Of The Star:
One perhaps unreported result of the
war is that Of the increasing number OF
people who witness sunrise six or seven
days a week. Possibly the habit will
remain after the present reason for
u has passed. r.W.
Evening star., 1943-02-05
Inquiries About Influence
OF Realistic Novel.

VI hcAuStlC NOVEL,
To the Editor Of The Star:
John Kieran, I see, lists among books
called for by soldiers, Thomas Hardys
tragic story Jude the Obscure" OF
course. there can be no question about
its artistry. but-may ask-what about
It's effect on morale? K.