davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-11-19
The Moscouv Conference

Washington correspondents for the
press associations and some Of the
country's metropolitan dailies as
well as the network broadcasters
lived on needles and pins for more
than day and a half before the
news of the agreements reached at
Moscow were released.
There have been many bad leak
ages in advance Of important inter-
national events recently. The state
department, the Office of War In
formation and the Office of Censor
ship have done their best to protect
American newspapers and radio
against these violations Of prema-
ture release of important stories
involving foreign countries. The
leaks usually have come through
foreign officials who whisper a
few hints to some of their news
men friends. They also sometimes
occur when news dispatches, radioed
in advance for later release, are
picked up by the enemy or are di-
vulged in neutral countries.
Every effort was made to prevent
such leaks in connection with the
Moscow conference. The question
Of safety Of the lives of British and
American negotiators was involved.
It was feared that if the fact that
the conference was over was pub
icly revealed, the enemy might be
on the watch to shoot down the
planes carrying Secretary of State
Hull and British Foreign Minister
Eden and their parties.
Some Of us who were affected,
learned on the Saturday before the
Monday Of their official release that
copies Of the agreements had
reached the state department earli-
er. We had guessed as much since
the President commented on the
success of the agreement the day
before in his press and radio con-
ference. We were told we would
receive copies as far in advance as
possible which meant that someone
representing the various news agen-
cies and networks had to be on duty
day and night. Finally, the word
came Monday morning that the mes
sages were available and they were
given out at ten o'clock for release
at one o'clock. We, therefore, had
three hours in which to digest the
five separate documents.
Fortunately for me, the one
o'clock release made it possible for
me to report the story minute and
10 seconds after it was given out on
my one o'clock network broadcast.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-11-19
Government Needs Reports
On U. 5. Holdings Abroad
Form TFR-5OO Supplies Valuable Information
Concerning American Stake In Foreign
Lands, Aids Reconstruction.
BY BAUKHAGE
Netcs analyst and Commentator.

affected by the war. Also there Is
the question of claims for damage
to American property.
There are more than 100 people in
the state department alone who are
now working on postwar plans. One
OF the most important phases of this
work is the reopening of trade with
the war areas as well as the rest Of
the world. Of course, the terms UNI
der which the trade is reopened may
depend on the industrial possibilities
OF the various areas; and how soon
the controls Of foreign exchange can
be dropped will depend, in a large
part, on the extent of the u. S. and
other foreign holdings of the obliga-
tons of the country in question. All
this will affect our exporters here
as well as American interests in
foreign countries.
The treasury department, as you
know, has drawn up the White plan
for international sterilization; the
British government has the Keynes
plan.
None Of these projects, treasury
officials said to me, which vitality af-
feet the postwar movements of trade
and capital, can be intelligibly
planned and certainly cannot be put
into effect without adequate knowl-
edge of the value and type of United
States interests and the number and
character of the persons having
those interests.
Many other important business
negotiations such as private loans
to foreign countries, direct invest
ments by American corporations,
furthering the good neighbor policy,
will be affected by the informal
ton in the governments hands. For
instance, if the government can say
definitely that in a certain area there
Is very little capital invested in
certain type of enterprise and it is
known such an enterprise might be
enlarged there, the government
might be able to encourage COM
panies with foreign experience to
develop such an enterprise.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-11-19

accepted added privations as one Of
the necessities of war.
Financed by paper money issu-
ance, Japan's war industries are
booming, with everybody from en-
ployer to worker prospecting. Coolie
wages alone have risen from about
"a cents to $3.50 a day. The Japs
are heavy war bond buyers.
AS head of the Japanese religion,
Emperor Hirohito still commands
awesome loyalty Of the people, with
Premier TOTO cleverly playing upon
this reverence to mobilize the
state.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-11-19
Record Debt for u. S.

As Of October 81, the direct fed
eral debt of the U. 8. stood at
approximately 165 billion dollars.
Broken down, that represents q
debt Of 81 ,203 for every person in
the country or $4,000 per family,
ON the basis of four members.
Interest rates have fallen to an
all-time low Of less than 2 per
cent, however.
The present debt contrasts with
the one Of IS billion which exist
ed before the war, when the In
terest rate averaged 21s per cent.
Following World War l, the pub
lie debt reached 261s billion dol
lars, with over 4 per cent interest.
The present 165 billion dollar
debt does not include over 4 bill
lion dollars Of government guar
anteed obligations.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-11-19
WAR STOCKS FALL:

Rumors Of an early peace result
ing from the Moscow conference,
and victories on the Russian and
Italian fronts, caused declines in
so-called war stocks, including rail-
roads, and an upturn in peace stocks
on the New York and other markets.
Steel, rubber, aircraft, and distilling
issues dropped one to two points, as
did many low grade rail stocks.
High class rails and many utili-
ties marked up small gains. In COM
modities, wheat broke one to two
cents bushel, but recovered later.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-11-19
ELECTIONS:
COP Trend.

With the election Of Republican
Simeon S. Willis as governor of Ken
lucky, the COP swept through all re-
cent elections to strengthen indica-
tons OF swing in the political pen
dulum.,
In New York, Republican Joe r.
Hanley amassed a majority ,of. 348,-
900 votes to win the lieutenant-gov-
ernorship from Democrat ii Lieut..
Gen. William N. Haskell. Should
Governor Tom Dewey decide to
make the presidential race In 1914,
Party-man Han1ey will fill his shoes.
/ Governor Of New Jersey during
World War !, Republican Walter
Edge ran up a majority of 1928, 900
votes to win the Office again during
World War II, besting labor-backed
Democrat Vincent Murphy.
Republicans maintained their g.
year control Of Philadelphia with the
election Of Republican Bernard Sam
uel for mayor over White House IA
Horite and Democrat William Bullitt
by $4,000 votes. $50
Said COP National Chairman Har-
rison Spangler: 1.-THE light of the
New Deal has fiickered out" Re
korted Democratic National Chair
man Frank c. Walker: IT read no
national trend whatsoever in !.
the !, results"
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-11-19

people hrm IN their
conviction tn at
theirs is a holy war
to smash the white
m ans economic
domination Of Asia.
Early victories
after Pearl Harbor
heightened Japa-
nese enthusiasm
and although over
burdened transpor-
tation facilities have
aggravated the gen.
eral food shortage
with black markets
thrivin G, travellers
say that the usually
frr1Ua1 nnnrlIacn has
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-11-19
HIcHLIcHTs =. IN III. ~..l'. .s..

! ENTERPRISE: A Michigan farm
er, Frank Barron of Delta county,
had about given up hope Of raising
anything on an eight-acre patch that
lay under water until midsummer.
His county agent suggested that
Canadian purple top rutabagas might
mature before frost. Barron sowed
Two crops and has harvested i've
Tons 70 the acre, worth 80 at sl4
2 ton. - 49,. 800 =.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-11-19

Five hundred Cuban youths are
fighting in the armies of the United
Nations, according to General BENZ
tez Valdes, special Cuban delegate
to Mexico. Ten thousand Mexicans
are fighting In the u. S. army.
Fourteen and 15-year-old school
boys are being used to man anti
aircraft defenses in Germany, 1t y
said.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-11-19

More than 100000 seryicemen
per year visit USO clubs in this
hemisphere outside continental Unit
ed States.
According to the Swiss newspaper
Journal de Geneve, cigarette butts
are at premium in Berlin and an
decreasing number Of persons may
be seen collecting them on the
street.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-11-19
ITALY:
Line Says

With Generals Clark and Mont
gomery bringing their full pressure
to bear on the western and central
sectors of the Germans Massico
ridge mountain, line, the Nazis be-
gan to. slowly give ground.
AS they drew back along the west
coast, they planted extensive mines
and dynamited and blocked off
roads, impeding the advance Of pur-
suing Allies. n
Smashing through during the
night, British troops captured Iser-
mia in the center. BY so doing,
Montgomery's Tommies cut the
Nazis' forward east-west supply
road, forcing them to use other
routes behind the mountains.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-11-19
COAL STRIKE:
Agreement Reached

John L. Lewis 100000 soft and
hard coal miners were ordered back
to their jobs following agreement on
new wage conditions between the
United Mine Workers steely chief
and Secretary of the Interior Harold
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-11-19
Postwar Air Routes

More than 100 companies have
already made application to the
Civil Aeronautics board for certif--
icates or permits to operate a total
of $4,000 miles of new domestic
and foreign air routes after the
war.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-11-19
EUROPE:
Food Plentiful

With IL billion bushels Of bread
cereals harvested and dairy herds
at high levels, Europe's food stocks
appear adequate for the next year
on the basis of reports of European
newspapers and Swedish correspond
ents. Only pig and poultry supplies
are smaller.
Because of the efficiency Of Ger
many's rationing system, it was
said, food will not contribute to any
collapse of the Nazi home front. In
creased production Of vegetable oils
are supplementing the Germans
diet. On the other hand, Russia
faces serious food shortages this win
ter, with conditions approaching
famine in some areas.
Should the war in Europe end sud-
denly, big difficulty in feeding the
populace would arise in moving
the food from the farms to the cities,
where plants made idle by cessation
Of war production would create Sc
we're problems of UNEMPLOYMENT
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-11-19

L. Ickes, acting on behalf of the
government which again took over
the pits when q serious strike
threatened.
Bypassing the War Labor board
which had consented only to wage
increase of $1.12k daily, Lewis and
Ickes worked out formula boosting
the bituminous miners daily take to
$3.50. u Under the terms, the work
day, would be, extended to 8h hours.
with miners compensated for the
average Of As minutes Of under
ground travel time, but with their
lunch time chopped from 80 to IS
minutes.
Anthracite miners will receive 20
cents more daily, 1913 cents more
by sacrificing is minutes Of their 80
minutes lunch time, and 1922 cents
more as a result of a previous WLB
award.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-11-19
HOGS:
Heary Receipts

With hog shipments flooding pack
ing centers and many. slaughterers
reported shifting receipts to less con-
gested yards, there were runors
that the government may impose a
permit system to regulate market
ing.
During recent three-day period,
packers received 1000 hogs, al
most 10000 over the record October
peak of the previous week. With
packers in possession of from three
to ten days supplies, $50 to 270
Founders brought $14.40 in the Chi
cago yards, with weights below 100
pounds dropping from Is cents to
ST. under the $13.75 ''floor."
Although the government had
worked out permit system for
marketing last year, it did not ap-
ply it when heavy runs leveled off.
According to experts, preference
would be given to bigger hogs if the
permit system were to be applied
now. t,
Meat Production
Meat production for 1914 will total
"a billion pounds, the Bureau of Ag-
ricultural Economics reported, but
increased government needs will cut
civilian ALLEGATIONS.
More than SO million hogs will be
slaughtered in 1914, the BAE said,
or three million more than this year.
Because of smaller spring pig crops,
however, next falls marketings
should drop below current levels.
Despite record slaughterings in
1943, cattle on farms should number
about so million head January l.
Because of the feed situation, total
cattle fed should slide below 1913
levels in the corn belt and other
areas, BAE said.
Because Of shortage of ewes and
labor, the 1914 lamb crop should be
one to two million head smaller than
this year, with slaughter also drop
ping. Butchering of sheep at 1913
levels would seriously dep1ete sup
plies by 1915. ~
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-11-19

sIl 81! ND! IpEA FOR CONS ACHES
now many mothers use Penetro,
modern medication in base contain
ing mutton suet. Rub on--double
action relieves colds muscular aches,
coughing. ~ vaporizes to comfort
stuffy nose ~ outside, stimulates at
spot where applied. Get Penetro.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-11-19
INSIDE JAPAN:
Morale High

Intensive propaganda has had its
effect in Japan, with its 80 million
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-11-19
Industrial and Farming

While the United States has be-
come an industrial nation, the pro-
portion of its land devoted to farm
ing has increased from 1876 per
cent in 1850 to 557 per cent in 1940.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-11-19
WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS
Both Parties Study Election Trends;
Higher Wage Scale Ends Coal Strike;
Permit System May Regulate Marketing
AS Hog Shipments Flood Packing Plants

these sc,g they are @
released Newspaper Union .---.---
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-11-19
RUSSIA:
Near Run,ania

As German forces retreated in the
southern Ukraine, they were only 100
mules from the prewar Rumanian
border, while in the north, they fell
back to within As miles of the old
Latvian boundary,
Krivoi Rog remained the focal
point in the southern Ukraine, with
the Germans fighting bitterly to hold
open an escape corridor for their
troops threatened with enlightenment
in the great bend Of the Dnieper
river. With the Germans holding at
Krivoi Rog, it appeared as though
they were successful in moving most
Of their forces from the trap.
Along the Black sea coast further
south, Russian troops continued to
pour over the bleak, barren Nogaisk
plains, with German forces stream
ing westward toward the Rumanian
border. AS a result of recent move
ments, the battle front in Russia
ran in almost a straight line from
north to south, with the huge
Dnieper river bulge eliminated.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-11-19
MANPOWER:
Define Essential Industry

At least rs per cent of company's
business must be essential for EN-
ployees to be frozen into their jobs
under War Manpower commission
regulations.
In plants with essential as well
as nonessential production, only
workers employed on the essential
manufacturing can be frozen into
their positions.
Workers frozen in essential indus
try cannot transfer to other jobs
without obtaining release from their
employers, unless they can offer evi-
dence that their skills are not being
fully utilized in their occupations, or
they are not being employed full time.
Evening star., 1943-04-11

Variety is the keynote of the
% houses listed in the two-day
tour of old Georgetown houses
Friday and Saturday for the
benefit of the social welfare de-
partment Of historic St. Johns
Episcopal Church in Georgetown.
From the stately Dumbarton
Oaks, to be open through the
courtesy of Harvard University,
to the tiny house which Capt.
and Mrs. Charles Adams Baker
have created from an unpromis-
ing box tucked between two
larger houses on Thirtieth street,
many types of houses, each with
its special charm, are to be
shown.
The home of the Assistant Sec
retary of State and Mrs. Dean
Acheson at 2805 P street, built
in 1872, is one of the three hav-
ing the famous fence Of gun
barrels.
Mrs. Acheson has transformed
Its interior with color, cool in
the dining room, where green
walls set off a beautiful old Dutch
cupboard she found in Delft. A
Evening star., 1943-04-11
Mexican Ambassador Is Host
To State of Pueblo Governor

Hugh S. Cumming, Mr.. D. H.
Menzel, Mr.. Philip w. Bonsal, 1t.
George c. Demitroff, Mr.. Archi-
bald MacLeisch, the District
Commissioner, Mr.. J. Russell
Young, and DR.. Efrain Buenros-
tro, Senior Fernando Jiminez AL
faro, DR.. Carlos Graef, Gen. Sol
india Sanchez, chief of the presl-
Dental staff of the Mexican
Army; DR.. Victor Fernandez
Manero and DR.. Uruchurtu
of Mexico. From the embassy
staff were the Minister Counse-,
lor, Senior Don Rafeal de la
Colina; the Naval Attache. Com
modore Ignacio Garcia Jurado:
the Military Attache, Brig. Gen.
Luis Alamillo Flores; the Legal
Counselor, DR.. Don Roberto Cor
davo, and the First Secretary.
Senior Don Salvador Duhart.
The Ambassador and Senor de
Castillo Najera will be the guests
Of honor at dinner this evening Of
Mr.. Serge Rips, formerly of Rus
sia, who has lived some time in
Belgium, and Mrs. Rips. The
dinner will be served at tho
Statler, the guests numbering 30.
and will be followed by a recep-
ton to which small number Of
additional guests have been asked.
Mr.. Rips is writer and has
been the author not only Of books
but has conducted a column In
several papers. He now Is COM
pleting q book on the life and
work Of the Ambassador, DR.. Cas-
tillo NajerA,
Evening star., 1943-04-11
Entertaining gAmong Diplomats
Is Outstanding Social Activity

Senhora de Martins and her
young daughter went to New
York 10 days ago.
Senhora de Martins also has
had to withdraw from the spon-
soring of the destroyer which is
to be christened the Jose Boni-
facio honoring the George WASH
ington of Brazil. The launching
is set for Wednesday and with
several other ship launchings
marking Pan-American Day will
bear the name of hero of one of
our Latin American neighbor
republics. In place of Senhora de
Martins, Senhora de Alencastro
Guimaraes, wife of the First Sec
retary of the Embassy, will be
the sponsor.
The Australian Minister and
Lady Dixon will entertain at dim
ner Tuesday evening in honor of
the Australian Minister of Ex-
ternal Affairs and Mrs. Herbert
Evatt who are their guests for a
week or 10 days at the Legation.
The Minister and Lady Dixon
also will be hosts at q late after
noon party tomorrow honoring
their house guests.
Other parties planned by dip
lomats in the near future is the
garden party which the Bolivian
Ambassador and Sonora de Qua
challa will give for their Presi-
dent, Gen. Eugenio Penaranda.
The date Is. tentatively set for
Saturday, May 8, and, Of course,
there will be the usual number Of
dinner and lunch parties planned
for the distinguished visitor.
Following closely the visit Of
President Pernaranda will come
the Czechoslovak President, DR..
Eduard Benes, who will be enter
tanned at q similar series Of par
ties during his stay. He is ex-
pected to arrive the middle of
May, and the President Of Para
quay, Senior Higinio Morinigo, will
come early in June with the Pres
ident Of Chile, Senior Juan An
tionio Rios, being expected to
make his visit here about the
middle Of the month Of roses.
Evening star., 1943-04-11

coincidence all the guests at the
dinner have been stationed in
China for varying periods during
the past 10 years.
DR.. Chester N. Frazier, who
with Mrs. Frazier, will be among
Mrs. Browns dinner guests were
at one time in Pekin when DR..
Frazier was with the Rockefel-
Ter Foundation Hospital.
For the past few years DR.. and
Mrs. Frazier have been In Balti-
more, where DR.. Frazier Is now
on the staff Of Johns Hopkins
Hospital. Early In June they will
move to Texas, where Dr.. Frazier
VIII assume the position of pro-
Evening star., 1943-04-11

tation that Gen. Whang, in SO
short a time after he was enter
tanned by Col. Brown in Chung
king, should be guest in Col.
Browns home in Washington on
the opposite side Of the world.
Mrs. Brown has been in China
at different times when Col.
Brown has been on duty there.
She returned from China about
six years ago and is living in
Brookdale during Col. Browns
present term of duty In Chung
king.
At the dinner today Gen.
Whang will have an opportunity
to meet some Of COL Browns
friends IA Warrington, and by 4
Evening star., 1943-04-11

fessor OF dermatology at the
Medical school in Galveston.
DR.. Francis Dieuaide, another
Of Mrs. Browns dinner guests,
was also at the Rockefeller Foun-
dation Hospital. His home Is
now in Boston although he Is
temporarily on duty in Washing
ton, and Col. and Mrs. E. G.
Hagen who will also be at the
dinner lived in China at the same
time that Col. and Mrs. Brown
were stationed there.
Mrs. Browns mother, Mrs. T.
r. Kilkenny, who is spending the
winter with her, also will attend
the dinner party.
Evening star., 1943-04-11

The Mexican Ambassador, DR..
Don Francisco Castillo Najera,
was host at luncheon yesterday,
entertaining in the Federal room
of the Hotel Statler in honor Of
DR.. Gonzalo Bautista, Governor
Of the State of Pueblo, Mexico,
who is here for short stay.
DR.. Bautista, accompanied by
the Ambassador, spent several
days in Boston last week visiting
Harvard University, which as
sisted In the establishment Of
the Tonanzintla Observatory in
Puebla. DR.. Bautista, with DR..
Luis Enrique Erro, director Of the
Tonanzintla Observatory, and the
assistant director, DR.. Carlos
Graef, who came with him to this
country, will leave today or to-
morrow to return to Mexico.
The other guests included the
Secretary Of Agriculture, Mr..
Claude r. Wickard; the Secre-
tary of Commerce, Mr.. Jesse H.
Jones; Senator Tom Connolly,
the Undersecretary of State, Mr..
Sumner Welles; the director
general Of the Pan American
Union, DR.. Leo 8. Rowe; the sur
geon general Of the Public
Health Service, DR.. Thomas Par
ran; Representative Carlos Jor-
dan Of the Mexican Congress,
Rear Admiral Arthur w. john
son, Mr.. Warren Lee Pierson,
president Of the Export Import
Bank: DR.. Pedro de Alba, assist
ant director general Of the Pam
American Union; Col. Lawrence
Higgins, Dr.. Lyman ]. Briggs. Dr..
Evening star., 1943-04-11
Old Georeefo,yn Charm to Be Shouyn in Tour
20 Prominent Homes
To Be Open to Public

lowboy from a Charles street
house in Boston accommodates
two fine old English knifeboxes.
and an authentic Duncan Phyfe
dining table harmonizes with a
mantel which Mrs. Acheson
brought from an old house down
on Thirteenth street, where Ed
gar Allen Poe is said to have
lived.
The apricot walls Of the study
are perfect backgrounds for old
pine furniture, and copper-col-
ored curtains carry out the color
scheme. Several of Mrs. Ache
sons paintings are to be on
exhibition when her house is
open Friday.
Mr.. and Mrs. Herbert Feis have
shown how a long, narrow room
may be made into a charming
and livable library. The dining
room opening onto the garden
brings the outdoors into the pic
ture.
Mr.. and Mrs. Peter Belin have
recently have done over the house
adjoining Evermay, the historic
(See HOMES TOUR, Page D-10)
Evening star., 1943-04-11
Guest in Chungkng Short Time Ago Noy Is Guest Here

Maj. Gen. P. H. Whang, Air,
Attache at the Chinese Embassy,
will be the guest Of honor at a
dinner party which will be given
today in Brookdale by Mrs.
Brown, wife of Col. c. G. Brown,
U. S. M. c., Naval Attache at
the United States Embassy in
China.
Gen. Whang has been in China
for several months and has been
back at his post in Washington
only few days.
Shortly before Gen. Whang left
China he was entertained by Col.
Brown, now In Chungking. And
it Is. IN interesting commentary
On modern methods OF tranlpoe.