davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-05-22
DELTA PANEL
WARTIME NEED
OF EDUCATION
Should / Go To College
During Wartime?
Answered Yes

During the past week, which has
been observed as Delta National
May Week. members OF the Delta
Sigma Theta sorority have again
stressed the importance and ad-
vantages OF an education 10 young
women and girls OF our race. Tha:
a basis and specialized type OF edu-
cation is necessary in these times
'or those OF college material. and
COR those whose intention il is TO
aid in the advancement of the cause
~ the race. was brought out clear
~, and in detail in a panel dis
cussion held at the Mackenzie
Union OF Wayne university on last
Saturday afternoon from TO 4
SHOULD GO TO COLLEGE
DURING WARTIME" was the
topic discussed by members o! the
panel which included Miss Edna
Hsrdnett, chairman. DR.. Doris
Cline OF Wayne university. coor-
iinator. with Elizabeth Edmondson
and Dorothy Ann Hicks as junior
members. Sorors Helen Garvin, Ro-
oerta MCGUIRE. and Victoria Nc
Call were the senior members
More than IS senior high school
and college freshmen women a.
tended. and were convinced that 2
college education is more than
necessary in these times when the
entire nation is in need. and calling
FOR persons skilled in all fields Of
work. There was a challenge given
20 all young women. exisiant and
prospective mothers. and house
wives in the fields OF education.
medicine. Child care. nursing. and
food study The question OF inter-
esting the right types OF ambitious
persons in these fields was also
given due consideration.
II was formally concluded .ha;
al persons who are OF college ma
tcrisl should not allow wartmes .
discourage them OF the needs and
immediate advantages OF a specia
zed education. DR. Doris Cline OF
Wayne university brought out he
fact that those OF us who are cap
able and ambitious should but d.
our utmost 10 reach the Jess inter.
cSted groups. and help them 10 find
adjustment along lines which WI.
be OF an advantage to themselves
as we'll as 10 others.
Following up salien: facts brough'
on; by Sorors Helen Garvin. Rober.
"A Mcguire and Victoria Mccall in
their discussion o. tie subject. i
was concluded that locaily. Dcl;as
IN and around Detroit pledge them.
selves 10 the task OF taking thi,
message TO groups in our vicinity
who are not likely 10 pu; them.
selves in places TO hear these lis
cuSsions. 1t is our intent 10 reach
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-05-22
BY
FRANCES LEONARD

sionsl Women's club in New York
that was more than a mere trounc-
ing OF Dr. Jim Crow in the New
York State Federation OF Business
and Professional Women's clubs.
The fight arose out OF the accept
ance OF two Negro women to MEM
bership in the Midtown club.
Upon this action. the Federation
rejected the application OF the Mid
town organization. The Midtown
club on March IS, hled a suit for
injunction in supreme court Az a
result, the Federation president.
Miss Frances K Marlett. announced
IN letter reversal Of the organi-
zation's original stand. Size said
that the application for member
ship had been approved at a meet
ing OF the executive board. and
thanked the club for the adjourn.
ment which you have granted in
order that the state board could
reconsider the matter" Thus a bad
precedent was not set.
X X X
Last Tuesday a delegation repre-
serting the AKA Partisan
Council on Public Affairs waited
upon Mrs Eleanor Roosevelt in
connection with six OF its detectives
and to inform her OF tie work Of
the organization. The council will
naugurate drive shortly to get
more women interested in some
phase OF war work. They asked her
help in getting the navy to relax
the bar that is keeping Negro wo-
men out OF the WAVES, SPARS.
and auxiliary of the marines. The
committee further brought out the
"desirablenesS" Of having Negro
women in administrative posts on
TIE national, regional.-and state
levels OF he land army now being
Organized by Chester Davis, war
administrators. There. is an informal
understanding that Mrs. Roosevelt
will see what can be done in GEL
ting Negro women into administra-
tive posts as requested Among the
group who were on the committee
was Mrs. Louise J. Mcdonald OF
New York, who was here for the
AKA Regional April 30-May 2
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-05-22

W. Allen OF Baltimore, Md. who
is associate defense securities pro-
motion specialist. Mr. Allen will
assist in the special campaign for
the sale OF war bonds and stamps
among Negroes.
An amendment covering the
gauge. fineness OF yard. and con-
struction of hosiery became effect
i've May Is. This amendment as
sures that rayon hosiery will, wear
well through the requirement that
such hosiery must now have cotton
reinforcement ihthe toe as check
against too rapid wear.
The OPA has announced tina.
sugar stamp No. - in War Ration
Book ! Will become valid June !
al will be good for FIVE pounds Of
sugar through August u.s. Red Rs-
ton stamps II in Ration Book 2
are now valid and may be used by
housewives in purchasing meats,
cheese. butter. other fats, oils and
canned fish until they expire Nav
81 Rcd stamps H are good for is
points
1; IS indeed a pity when officers
Of Uncle Sans army have to re-
sort 10 calling upon law enforcing
agencies in order 10 be served in
public places OF refrestment Sun
day three officers were refused SER
vice al the John R Chop House OF
course. that they are members Of
the armed forces fgh,ing for the
deal OF democracy. means nothing
20 these patients OF DR.. Crow.
The married woman who shed
TIE shackles Of the kitchen sink
for a job IN a war plant was label
cd Absentee No |" by the Once
OF War Information. Having made
a survey of 10 war plants all over
the country. the Owl said that
single men were the second worst
offenders. single woi..en " ere third.
and married men fourth. SO look
10 your lsurelS. working women.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-05-22
Working Mothers Urged To Use Day Care Nurseries
GLE A MN GS FRAN B.

The War Food Administration
has announced that certificates OF
service would be awarded to the
estimated 3500,0O0 persons to be
enlisted in the u. S. Crop Corps
The certificates will be presented
for patriotic service on the farm
or in food processing factories.
Workers will be given the certif-
Gates by County Agricultural Ex-
tension agents when they begin
work.
Capt. Harriet r. West Of the
WAACs is now busily making plans
and arrangements for placing
WAACs al Fort Leonard Wood Mo.
Capt. West is one OF the first Negro
members OF the organization and
one OF six Negro women who holds
the rank OF captain.
Speaking OF WAACs. last week
me Robert Cherrys OF Woodrow
had their daughter, VILLA Gene.
home with them for few DAYS.
She Is now stationed at Fort Des
Moines. Iowa. where she is sec
ond Lieutenant. There are two SER
vice stars in the window OF tie
Cherry manse. The second star is
for the oldest son OF the family.
Joseph. who is stationed at Camp
Van Dorm. Miss He is expected
home on furlough within The week
Too bad the lieutenants leave did
not come a. the same time.
An urgent call for $1,000 young
women TO enroll in nurse training
courses this year has gone out
from the Student Nurse Recruit.
ment headquarters Due 10 the fac,
that each month around 5000
trained nurses leave for overseas
duty. more and more student nurses
are needed 10 All the vacancies they
leave. Unless the ranks are REIN
forced. a definite peril 20 the health
OF the nation Will ensue.
The Treasury Department has a
new aide in the person OF willard
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-05-22
WOMEN'S
DOINGS

Though it may seem trite 10 re-
mind women 10 write write -
write 10 your men in uniform. il is
APPALLING how many soldiers and
r1rines complain that they don't
hear from their folks a, home often
enough. Each of us is busily en-
gagged in the business of living. In
these days OF upset we are either
engaged in defense work which
requires longer working hours than
some OF US have ever kept before,
thus requiring mo attention being
q, en- to our recreational pursuits
than before. or we - occupied in
the various civilian de ,nse activi
ties. We have our USO work. Red
Cross classes. Air Raid Warden
irill, Victory Corps duties. and all
other things that 90 to make up
the "all out" efforts. These are
coupled with our regular response
bilities OF keeping tie home fires
burning and all that this implies
..-... ration budgeting. marketing.
cooking. washing. ironing. sewing,
and all the prosaic things that con-
stitute keeping up the morale OF
IN home front.
When night falls we are often
quite weary and decide that we
will let that letter we meant 10
". tie. 60 until tomorrow. BY that
time we will be in a better frame
Of mind to write the CHEEKY type
Of letter we feel that "he" would
like to receive. BY then something
just as pressing arises and we put
of the correspondence for just one
more day. Meanwhile the husband,
brother, cousin, sweetheart friend
waits, and waits, and waits To hear
his name called as mail csll' means
more to him than we can know, is
the word that is on the lips OF SER
vicemen everywhere. SO let us not
forget that our men are engaged
ousily in tie business OF dying 49,.
and that for US. Pledge yourself 20
write at least once a week TO a
serviceman.
X X X
Last week a victory was won by
the Midtown Business and Profess
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-05-22
APPROPRIATION
GRANTED FOR
DAY CARE USE
Community Response
Necessary To Gain
Full Benefits

An appropriation has been grant,
cd by the government which pro-
vides nursery care for the children
Of working mothers. This program
presents an excellent opportunity
for Negro mothers TO enter indus
try and other employment essential
10 the war effort with the feeling
that their children will be ade-
quately cared for. Several schools
or day-care centers have already
been established and mothers cam
not be too strongly urged to take
advantage of the facilities provided.
Those now in existence include:
Brewster, 655 wilkins: Dwyer. iii
Caniff: Greenfield Park. 1851
Brush: Sampson. 6O75 Begole; Nor
ley. 1920 S. Beaumont, and Ellis,
56ll Rich.
Because OF certain provisions Of
the Lanham Act, il is urgent that
this program be accepted by the
community and responded to i'm
mediatcly. This response can be
measured by the usage az the nur-
series now available and showing
the need for the establi shment OF
others in communities where none
now exist.
Nursery schools provide care for
children from two years 10 school
acc. Cantecns care for children OF
school age 10 fourteen years. Care
being given children in nurseries
and canteens is superior 10 most
home care. because OF the special
training in child care that each
teacher on tho program is required
10 have completed. A we'll bal
anced dict is worked out for each
day including cod liver oil, milk
and fruit Juice. All children have
the privilege Of n second or more
helpings. The daily program in
cludes rest. play. development OF
special talents. and training in es-
sen,ial habit formation.
The appropriation known as the
Lanham Act provides so per cent
Of the total cost OF the nursery
school program Up TO the present
time. the other so per cent has been
paid by the parents. The fee is
$500 per week cor six days.. ten
hours per day with two meals per
dav. This rate itemized would be
Sc per hour for supervisory care OF
the first child in each family plus
CSC per meal. For additional chill
dren in the same family the SUI
pcrvisory rate would DC &C per hour.
Con,ecn fees are 81 per week which
includes six hours per school day
and ten hours on Saturday. TWO
meals per day. This rate tented
would amount To 2i2c per meal
Free care for children Of working
mothers is likely 10 be gained in
the near future. but only II each
will give the program cooperation
and support
There has been hearing in The
City Council. al the request Of the
CIO. that the so per cent now being
paid by parents be subsidized by
local agency or that the Lsnhsm
Ac; provide all the funds. This
would mean that So would be can
cclled from the prcsen; fec Of Sc
per week, leaving fec Of So per
week
Please fill out and mail the sp-
plication blank for day care for
your children found IN this issue.
See Coupon. Bottom Of This Page
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-05-22
WAAC FACTS
By IT. HELEN [. cox Federal Building. Room $50

Mondays from $50 a, m. 10 900
p. m. and Tuesdays through Sstur-
days from $50 a. m. 20 100 p. m
II Il is not convenient 20 come 10
the Office, just call Cherry 1890 Ex-
tension 439 II Will be a pleasure
10 send you an application,
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-05-22
What examination must ! pass
before becoming q WAAC:

A mental alcrtneSs test must be
passed. This is test 10 determine
how alert you are, A physical cx-
animation given by army specialists
must slso-be passed. The final test
Is an interview with either a WAAC
Oficer or an Army Ofieer.
2. How do I begin my training:
When you join the WAC. you'll
be classified as an Auxiliary-the
same as an Army private. (All
WAACs 80 drought the ranks)
Then for four weeks you'll have
basic training one OF the WAC
Training Ceniers, Fort Dcs MONIES.
Iowa; Fort Ogle;horpe. Georgia,
Dsytons Beach. Florida; Fort Dew
ems. Mass or Ruston. La
;. What Is basic training:
Base training is your in;roduc-
ton 10 Army life. 1t gets you IN
good physical shape Teaches you
the Emily Post" OF the Army. How
20 salute. and when Military courte-
sy and Army customs
You'll have interesting study
courscs-about military opera ons
and world events. about map read
Ing, and safeguarding military IN
formation. You'll learn 10 talk a
soldiers language on a lot Of sub
jccis company aGminStra,i) On.
property responsibility, mess man.
sgement. and many more.
(. Isn't drilling tough:
Your feet may protest little.
just for the first few days But you
won't You'll love II. Every WAC
docs. You'll be amazed az how soon
you learn 10 execute orders even
though you never knew which foot
was your left one before. And what
a thrill you'll set when your COM
pany shows up best in Inspection
Day Parade!
S. what happens after basic
training.
when you've finished basic train
ing, you'll take cries OF aptitude
tests That simply means finding
out what work you're best suited
for. You'll also have chance 10
say what you prefer. You may APP
ply Immediately for Officer Candi-
date school, or you may be sent 10
active duty with field unit or 10
Q Specialist school.
6. What are the Specialists
schools?
training 10 prepare you for one OF
the l42 SPECIALISTS jobs that WAACs
are dong Perhaps you'll be sent
10: Administrative Specials, school,
radio school, bakers and cooks
school. motor transport school, or
Army music school.
]. May I become An officer:
Yes indeed. you can, IL youshave
what il takes Officers are badly
needed Every girl who joins the
WAACs has an equal chance 10 be-
come one. You don't need a coll
lege degreee. You don't even need
. high school diplomas-just the
two years OF high school or business
school required for all members OF
the WAACs. At the end OF your
tase training. you can apply for
Officer Candidate school II you've
zone we'll in basic training, and
have, been recommended by your
Commanding Officer.
Oficcrs' training lasts six weeks.
q. Is promotion quick:
Very depending on you, OF
course. The WAAC is growing fast.
You have wonderful chance to
get ahead quickly. especially Il
you ION NOW. Its possible TO be
corporal in six weeks. AND
WAAC's HAVE EARNED THEIR
OFFICERS BARS IN AS LITTLE
AS TEN WEEKS!
Q. where may I apply for the
WAAC?
The WAAC Recruiting Officcs for
the Detroit area are located at the
new federal building. room 63l.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-05-22

Most German book shops have been
Stripped clean OF all well-known elias.
steal literature. though they continue
TO receive large stocks OF Hitlers
"Mein Kampf" and books by other
Nazi party leaders.
Evening star., 1943-05-14
Benes Predicts Germany
Will COLLAPSE Like Tunisia

The sudden, dramatic collapse OF
Germany. comparable to that of the
Axis armies in Tunisia, after a des-
perate defense of the Axis strong
hold in Europe, Is the forecast for
the wars end by President Eduard
Benes of Czecho- o-Slovakia.
Here on an official visit to Presi-
dent Roosevelt, DR.. Benes expressed
in a press conference late yesterday
his belief that the German Army
would defend the so-called fortress
of Europe fiercely, then go to pieces,
completely broken and miserable
at the same time"
when this will be, it is very diff
flcult to say" Dr. Benes added. Il
have my own idea, but it is very
dangerous to predict"
Earlier in the day he said In
speeches to Congress that at the
wars end his republic will begin re-
construction as a democracy, con
sidering itself again the godchild'
of the United States.
Evening star., 1943-05-14
Red Army Advances
Despite Nazi Attacks
Near Novorossisk
Heavy Artillery Borroee
Presoees Big Push
Toward Black Sea
BY EDDY GILMORE,
associated Press War Corresponden

ASSOCldLcQ HIcSS war SOTreSpUuQcuts
MOSCOW, May 14.-Battling
against stubborn German re-
sistance in the Kuban, the Red
Army has advanced in some sec
tors and captured additional
lines northeast of the Black Sea
port of Novorossisk, dispatches
from the front said today.
CThe German communique said
Nazi artillery had set warehouses
afire in Leningrad, but that the
whole front was quiet yesterday.
The bulletin was broadcast by
Berlin and recorded by the AS
sociated Press)
The dispatches did not indicate
the extent Of the Red Army's most
recent gains, but said definite prog
ress had been made in the face OF
strong German counterattacks.
Barrage Hints Big Push.
Yesterday frontline dispatches
said the Red Army had smashed
into secondary German defenses
northeast of the city and was at
tacking the inner defenses under a
tremendous barrage of hundreds Of
big guns.
(The midday communique. as
recorded in London by the Soviet
monitor, said the heavy barrage
was continued during the night)
The artillery barrage was so heavy,
these advices added that it pre-
saged final big push to shove the
Germans into the sea.
The air war, which currently Is
flercer than anything on land, was
mounting today following wide
spread action ranging from the CEN
tral front to Warsaw, capital OF
Poland, which the Russians bombed
Wednesday night.
Soviet airmen blasted at many
objectives during the night and
raided railway junction and COM
munication lines.
German Planes Active.
German planes also were active
last night, striking at Liski, about
IS miles southeast of Voronezh on
the southern front. A dispatch from
the Kuban to Izvestia. official gov.
ernment neWspa per, related one in
stance where German air units were
superior to the Russians, but this
was not taken to mean that the Rus
slams had lost air superiority, as it
probably referred to only one battle.
Soviet forces made additional
night forays behind the Nazi lines
IN the mud flats and marsh areas
OF the Kuban and were reported to
have sunk eight boats loaded with
German troops.
(The midday communioue as
heard in London said Russian
ships and planes sank two enemv
transports and two trawlers in
the Barents Sea in the far northD
The Russians announced they had
seized the initiative in the Lisi-
chansk area of the Donets front
after several days of fierce German
counterattacks, had driven forward
considerably and had improved their
position. This was the best progress
reported from the Donets since the
Germans began their counterattacks
a week ago.
Virtually no action was reported
from the other fronts.
Evening star., 1943-05-14

planned the global strategy OF the
United Nations. He was also among
the American officers who were with
the President and Mr.. Churchill at
their famous sea conference, out of
which the Atlantic Charter grew.
Last fall, Gen. Arnold conducted
a 22,000-mile survey Of the Pacific
theater, for which he was awarded
the Air Medal. He has been to
England several times, for confer
ences and on inspection tours. In
February Of this year, 1t was an
nounced that he had made a $4,000
mile trip to North Africa, the Mid
die East, India and China. He
attended the Casablanca confer
ence, after which he flew eastward
and conferred with Generalissimo
Chang Kai-shek concerning opera
tions against the Japanese in China.
ADMIRAL WILLIAM d. LEAHY
became chief of staff to the President
after his return from Vichy, France,
where he served as American AM
bassador during the difficult days
after the fall of French arms. He has
gained reputation as cold logi-
clan and an able executive, both on
the sea and in the important duties
| he has carried out ashore.
His present assignment IS prob
ably his most difficult, since it is
his responsibility to deal with high
ranking officers from every branch
Of the service.
After the World War, Admiral
Leahy advanced rapidly, serving as
chief of the Bureau Of Ordnance
with the rank of admiral, COM
mander Of the destroyers scouting
force. chief of the Bureau of Navi-
cation. vice Admiral of the Battle
Force. and chief of Naval Operations
from 1887 to 1889. In this latter ca
pacity, he doubled as Acting Secre-
tary Of the Navy during the pro-
longed illness Of the late Navy Sec
retary Swanson.
An ardent advocate Of Navy
strength, he appeared before Con-
gress in 1888 as the Navy's spokes-
man for the first "billion dollar
Navy bill"
VICE ADMIRAL EMORY S.
LAND, War Shipping Administrator,
| who also heads the United States
Maritime Commission. directs the
most gigantic shipbuilding program
the world has ever seen. Hard-hit-
ting, ain-spoken, Admiral Land is
a man who likes to get things done.
He was recently confirmed by the
Senate for a second six-year term
as head of the Maritime Commits
| sion.
Admiral Land was graduated from
the Naval Academy at Annapolis In
1902. He has served as assistant
chief of the Bureau of Aeronautics,
chief of the Bureau of Construc-
ton and Repair and was a member
of the staff of Admiral Sims during
| the last war.
He recently reported that Ameri-
can shipyards will build nearly
10000 900 deadweight tons of dry
cargo ships and tankers this year
compared with 100000 tons last
year.
1T. GEN. JOSEPH w. sTILWELL,
chief of all United States forces In
China. India and Burma, Is q field
general Of the highest order-a mill.
tary leader who dislikes ceremony
and loves action. Best Of all. he likes
to be with his men.
Probably no man in the United
States Army knows as much about
China and the Far East as Gen.
stilwell. After the last war. in
Evening star., 1943-05-14

which he won the Distinguished
Service Medal for his participation
in the st. Mihiel engagement, he
became a language student in China.
He remained in the East four years,
until 1923, and was sent back with
the 18th Infantry from 1926 to 1929.
From 1882 to 1899, he served as mil
itary attache at Peiping. Last year,
he was made chief of staff to Cen
eraliSsimo Chang Kai-shek, and a
little later the President placed him
in command Of American forces in
the East.
When the japanese were bearing
down on Chinese forces through the
jungles of Burma, Gen. Stilwell re-
mained with his troops and spurned
an offer to be flown to India in an
Army plane. Instead, for 20 days,
with contingent Of soldiers and
nurses. he beat his way through the
tropical forests, ducking japanese
warplanes, and finally accepting a
lift" to India only after supplies
ran low.
MAJ. GEN. CLAIRE L. CHEN
NAULT, chief of American air forces
In China. achieved widespread recog-
milton as leader of the amazing Ply
ing Tigers" Once known in the Army
as the greatest acrobatic flyer and
recognized by airmen as an extraor-
binary precision flyer, Gen. Chen
| nault. then captain, was grounded
by Army doctors for disability in
1887. He promptly went to China
where two former members of his
acrobatic troupe had opened fly
ing school at Hanghow.
Tigers" who were tutored by
Gen. Chennault were taught the
most unorthodox methods of fly
ing. These tactics, which appear in
| none Of the standard textbooks on