davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-07-27
Farm Labor Conferees
Return 10 State Capitals

BY the Associated Press.
Representatives of the Governors
of Maryland, Virginia, West Vir-
ginia and North Carolina were en-
route to their State capitals today to
report recommendations for the
solving Of the agricultural labor
problem.
A spokesman for the Council Of
State Governments, in whose offices
the conferences were held, said the
group discussed the problem, ex-
pected to become additionally acute
with the approach of the harvest
season, with members of the War
Manpower Commission and Agri-
cultural Extension Service in an ef-
fort to arrive at a co-ordinated plan
between Federal and State groups.
One hoped-for result, the spokes-
man said, is that the "pirating of
labor from State to State will be
eliminated" but comment was de-
clined regarding the recommends
tons the conferees are taking back
to the Governors. He said the
council did not wish to announce
the recommendation before the
Governors have an opportunity to
study them.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-07-27
Knox Presents DIE
10 Mai. J. N. Renner

MAY. Joseph N. Renner, whose wife
and two children live at 1900 Hayes
street, Arlington, today received the
Distinguished Flying Cross for ode
termined and courageous leader
ship" as commander of a Marine
observation squadron in the Solo,
mon Islands area early this year.
A one-time football player and
wrestler at the University of Ore
gon, Maj. Renner, now 81, was sta
toned at Quantico, Va, from May,
1888, until December, 1941.
The citation presented by Secre-
tary of the Navy Knox said that
when Maj. Renner's squadron was
engaged by II Japanese fighter
planes last January %, he led it into
daring and aggressive action in
which five enemy planes were de-
stroyed."
The same determined and cour-
ageous leadership effected the COM
plete rout of nine attacking enemy
fighters on February l, Maj. Renner
personally shooting down two Japa-
,pese planes in these engagements"
the citation said.
Maj. Renner, a native of Minot,
N Oak, received a bachelor of
science degree from the University
of Oregon. He was commissioned
second lieutenant in the marines in
September. 1885. III May. 1898, he
won his wings at Pensacola, Fla.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-07-27
U. S. Flyer Defends Shooting
At Allied Pilots in Puruchutes

power, they should exterminate
them then and there, instead of
allowing them to get down and then
have to search for them against the
efforts of Frenchmen and Holland
ers to spirit them out of the coun-
try as carriers Of military informa-
ton.
Il know it seems terrible, but
can see. the reason for such appar-
ent mercilesness. Then, too, the
Czechs and Poles, who are bitter In
their hatred for the Nazis, also
have been guilty of similar acts
against the German pilots"
1t. Burnett, who completed Is
missions while stationed in Eng
land, was sent home to teach tao
tical maneuvers to pilots in train
ing. -.
1t Burnett won the Distin-
guished Flying Cross as well as the
Air Medal with three oak leaf clus-
tiers. In his IS raids on German
occupied territory he never lost q
member Of his crew, though three
were incapacitated through wounds
or frostbite.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-07-27
Posters Demanding
Liberty P|astered on
Buildings in Sicily
BY THOMAS r. HENRY,
Star Staff Corrasnondept

SOMEWHERE IN SICILY, July
"a strong underground indie
pendent Sicily movement came out
of the cellars as soon as the Ger
mans had left the towns.
Walls of buildings today are plas-
tered with posters demanding free
dom for the island, damning Fas-
cism and proclaiming the Allies.
Typical was this poster, prepared by
underground press:
"Sicilians, the hour of our liberia
ton has sounded. 1t finds us proud
in spirit and ardent in aspirations.
Neither disagreement nor perse-
cution have destroyed our faith in
our purpose of destroying Fascism
and restoring liberty and democracy.
Sicilians, we are entering a new
phase in our 3,00O-year- history.
Our highest aspirations are for in
dependent Sicily, state into itself
conformant to its historic tradition.
-" We want to live separately free
and independent of the Italian
regime. Arise, brave people Of Sic
lily"
Signs Appear on Walls.
Signs in this town appeared on
walls. last night and were sur
rounded in the morning by friendly
crowds who denied knowing who
were the committee members. FIRE.
quently the signs are pasted oil
ront1,y nvor EocrjSt r,Nctorc
A member of the liberation COM
mittee informed me that he had long
worked under the surface to stir
revolt against Mussolini He said
the posters we're printed the day the
Allies made their initial landing
July 10. AS the Allies stepped ashore
they met popular anti-Germanism,
which is expected to grow stronger
as they advance toward Europe.
A common greeting sign here is
to run the finger across the throat,
symbolizing cutting the throat of
Mussolini who is blamed for all their
troubles.
Intense Hatred for Nazis.
Slclllan country districts always
have been poverty stricken, but
folks say it became worse when the
Fascists came into power. While
there is considerable Fascist follow
ing in the towns, everywhere you
find an intense hatred for the Ger
mans.
Some posters say that Sicily, with
its dense population and speaking
tongue hardly comprehensive to
the Italians, should have a peace
table seat as a separate power. Some
soldiers on the island are asking for
a chance to fight for us.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-07-27
Travellers
Continued From First Page }

tCOnClnueQ from F1rSJ PaGe.)
bers stood with Mussolinis argu-
ment that the only way open was
to accept the Hitler scheme, while
10 others were in open opposition.
This vote was taken early in the
meeting and Mussolini announced
that in the face of such opposition
he considered it necessary to re-
sign.
A long discussion followed con-
corning the fate of the Fascist party
in event of his resignation, but by
the time the meeting broke up it was
agreed that the Fascist organiza-
ton was secondary to what the
members believed was the Italian
future.
Early Sunday morning, Mussolini
went to the royal palace and hand
ed his resignation to King Victor
Emmanuel, who was kept informed
OF the progress of the meeting and
had already talked with Bodoglio.
Before the public was informed
of the event, the party took steps de-
signed in part to protect the lead
ers and in part to hold those con-
sidered responsible for the state of
the nations affairs.
Then the announcement was
made Sunday night after Badoglio
had advised the Germans of his de-
clsion that "all Italy must be de-
Tended or Italy must leave the war"
and the Germans agreed, faced with
that alternative, to help in defense
of the whole peninsula.
The enthusiasm which greeted an
nouncement of Mussolini's resigna-
ton and Badoglio's appointment was
tremendous throughout Italy
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-07-27
Funeral Tomorrow
For J. ). McCarrens,
Cleveland Publisher
By the Associated Press.

CLEVELAND, July 27.-Funeral
arrangements for John S. McCar-
rens, 74-year-old general manager
of the Cleveland Plain Dealer and
president of the Forest City Pub
Ashing Co., were completed today
With the announcement of honorary
and active pallbearers.
Services will be conducted at
1890 am. tomorrow in st. Johns
Cathedral with the Rev. Benedict
j. Rodman, S. j., as celebrant of
the mass.
Mr.. McCarrens died last Saturday
night of bullet wounds inflicted two
days earlier by Herbert L. Kobrak,
long associated with foreign Ian
guage newspaper enterprises in
Cleveland. The shooting occurred
In Mr.. McCarrens Office on the
fourth floor of the Plain Dealer
Building, and after firing four times
at the publisher Kobrak killed him.
self.
Honorary pallbearers for the pub
Usher include:
Linwood Moves, American News
paper Publishers Association, Iron
wood, Mich; Ray Huber, Scripps-
Howard Newspapers, New York; W..
G.. Chandler, Scripps-Howard News
papers, New York; Frederick D.
Murphy, Art Gravure Corp, New
York; John B. woodward, John B.
Woodward, Inc, New York.
= William Thomson. Bureau of Ad-
vertising, ANPA, New York; Frank
B. Noyes, Washington Star; James
Chappell, Birmingham Age-Herald;
S. R. Winch, Portland (OregD Jour-
nal; Cranston Williams, ANPA, New
York: James Wright Brown, Editor
and Publisher, New York; John Stew
art Bryan, Richmond (VaD Times
Dispatch: Howard Davis. New York
Herald Tribune; Jerome D. Barnum,
syracuse; Comdr. James G. Stahl-
man, New Orleans.
Frank S. Baker, Takoma News
Tribune; I. F. Alofsin, King Feature
Syndicate, Inc, New York: John L.
Morrison, Greenville, Pa; Ralph w.
Gallagher, Standard Oil Co. New
Jersey. New York, and Walker S.
Buel, Plain Dealer Bureau, WASH
ington.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-07-27
0PA Moves 10 Ease
Eviction Rules for
Maryland, Virginia

OPA rent control regulations
which apply to Maryland and Vir-
GINA are being liberalized to make
eviction of tenants easier for house
holders who, after August /, rent
furnished rooms in their homes to a
single family.
Landlords in this class, the OPA
said, may disregard OPA require
ments for eviction and instead may
evict according to local law, pro-
vided:
l. That the furnished rooms in
volved do not constitute an apart
ment, and
2. That there are nd tenants in
the building other than the single
family.
Purpose of the new amendment,
the OPA said, is to encourage per-
sons with spare rooms to rent the
unoccupied space to families of war
workers.
Under previous amendment, OPA
restrictions on eviction were lifted
for all cases in which a landlord
rented spare rooms not constituting
an apartment to no more than two
persons. The amendment announced
today is further step, permitting
landlords the benefit of the exemp-
ton If they rent to family, no mat
ter what its size.
The District, which has its own
Rent Control Act, is not affected by
the change. To accomplish the same
purpose of opening up additional
private homes to war workers, how
ever, District rent control laws were
amended last September. Under
the present rule in the District,
householders may rent spare rooms
to as many as four persons, and if
the accommodations do not con-
stitute an apartment, may evict the
tenants without consulting the Rent
Control Administration.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-07-27
Edward B. Mclean, Jr.,
Is Divorced by Wife

Ann G. Meem Mclean, Washing
ton, today was granted at Reno.
New, a divorce from Edward B. NC
Lean, jr., son of Evalyn Walsh Nc.
Lean, the Associated Press reported.
Young Mclean filed suit for di-
vorce last Friday, but his wife an
sWered with a cross complaint today
and District Court Judge A. Mae
stretti awarded her the decree.
Attorney clyde Souter, repre-
sentlng Mr.. Mclean, and Attorney
John Sinai, representing Mrs. NC
Lean, said custody of Edward B. Nc
Lean III and Emily Beale Mclean
was divided between the parents.
The attorneys said an agreement
has been reached providing for the
care of the children and adjusting
property rights. 4~isS
The Mel cans were married here
May Is, 1898.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-07-27

great collection of documents
against his former friends and,
opening the volume after the first
acrid attack upon him. said: Il must
read your dossiers."
Grand reacted violently. A wild
discussion followed in which Scorza
and Farinacci participated. The
latter two proposed new orders OF
the day, but even these were said to
be unfavorable to II Duce.
Thus, said the newspaper, ended
the fight begun in 1921 between
Mussolini and Grandi. 1t was in
1921 that Grandi violently attacked
Mussolini's politics at congress of
the Fascist party in Rome.
The Corriere said that on Sunday
morning Mussolini went to the King
to report the situation. After this
conversation and "above all the
energetic intervention of the Italian
military authorities, the end of the
regime was a reality"
Demonstrations began in Rome
even before the radio announced the
departure of Mussolini, and they
continued throughout Monday, the
account concluded.
Royal Family Cheered.
Demonstrators in Milan marched
to the palace of the Count of Turin.
where the royal family was cheered.
The demonstration lasted for hours.
Through the early hours of Mon
day evening, Marshal Badoglio
ordered troops to make no efforts to
stifle the demonstrations unless they
generated violence. First discreetly,
then violently, the new Premier put
a damper on the excitement and his
proclamation served to remind the
people they still were at war and
now under army discipline.
BY noon Monday police authori-
ties and permanent employees of the
foreign office were besieged with re-
quests from German and Japanese
residents in Rome for passports and
authorizations to leave Italy.
All the travellers emphasized that
the Italians were overwhelmed with
joy over Mussolini's resignation and
that the royal family and Badoglio
were riding this wave of popularity.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-07-27
Bitter Fight in Council
Preceded Duce's Fall '.

BERN, witzerland, July 27 R.-
Benito MusSolini's former cronies of
the Fascist Grand Council cut him
down in violent word battle lasting
into the hours of dawn Sunday as
the dictator struggled in vain to
keep his hold, the newspaper Cor
riere Della Sera of Milan reported
today.
Italian Fascism, the paper de-
clared, ended In "a farce in which
the founders could no longer agree"
Even Carlo ScorZa and Roberto
Farinacci, Mussolini's chief subor-
dinates, turned against him as a
leader as they strove futilely to
oppose the council majority assem-
oled to pronounce the end of the
Fascist regime" it said.
Troops Moved In.
The newspaper presented this &C
count of the fateful weekend hours
ending with Mussolini's downfall:
The Grand Council session began
Saturday afternoon, was interrupted
after six hours of acrimonious de-
bate and then resumed until dawn
after brief pause. But it's out
come was foregone conclusion, and
before 1t ended strong concentra-
tons of troops had moved into place
in Rome
Thus Italian authorities already
were taking necessary steps to main
tain order while the population was
completely unaware of the historic
hour sounding for the nation"
1t was not said whether II Duce
was present in the second half of
the session, in which Count Dino
Grandi, former Minister of Foreign
Affairs and Justice, presented the
resolution hostile to him that was
adopted.
MussOlini Reported.
Mussolini earlier had presented a
report of the situation-a report vio-
lently attacked by Grand, who pro-
posed that the council and govern
ment give all power to the crown
and intrust the King with command
Of all armed forces. This PROPOSE
ton was supported by Marshal
Emilio de Bono, Count Galeazzo
Ciano, Giuseppe Bottai, Luigi FEEDER
zoni and several others.
A feeble effort to obtain some
support for Mussolini was made by
Scorza. Gaetano Polverelli and Gen.
EMO Galblati, chief of the Fascist
militia, and a few others.
The Grandi resolution was
adopted by vote Of 10 against T.,
with one absent.
Mussolini brought to the session s
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-07-27
81 the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
BALTIMORE, July 27.-Lt. Pei
ham Burnett, Baltimore Flying
Fortress pilot who said he saw three
Allied pilots machine-gunned while
parachuting from disabled planes,
declared today he believed such acts
by the enemy in Europe were ex-
cusable at times on grounds of mil
itary necessity.
1t. Burnett said the Allied pilots
often landed in France, Holland or
other Nazi-occupied territory and
were aided frequently in making
their escape by the inhabitants. He
asserted that the killing of para
chuting pilots by the Germans
aroused little or no bitterness among
Allied airmen.
1--WE know that many of our avia-
tors who landed in German-occu
pied territory escaped and brought
out much valuable information" he
told the Baltimore Sun In an inter-
view.
1.-THE Germans feel that, while
they have the Allied pilots In their
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-07-27
BY the Associated Press.

PfeSS.
A squadron commander just back
from China, 1t. Col. John r. Alison,
reported today that one of the main
problems of the 18th Air Force was
to persuade its fighter pilots to take
day off now and then to relax.
Those kids are afraid they will
miss chance to mix it with the
japanese" said Col. Alison. Really
good fights are scarce. So the pilots
don't want to miss an opportunity to
knock down those Zeros. Then, too,
they are so darn scared that pilots
in other theaters will run up scores
higher than theirs" ..
Col. Alison should know the feel
ing, the War Department COM
mented-he shares it. On leave, just
before coming home, he led a flight
Of Chinese pilots into combat and
shot down one Zero and probably
second.
Col. Alison, with six victories and
four probables to his credit, holder
of the Distinguished Service Cross
the Silver Star, the Distinguished
Flying Cross, Purple Heart and Air
Medal, reported that "The first time
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-07-27
bowIes Reassures
.0PAHe Doesn'tP|a
Sweeping Changes

Chester Bowles, new general
manager of the Office of Price Ad-
ministration, declared today that he
planned no sweeping changes in
personnel and that he believed the
agency should be made up of vari-
GUS types of capable people, includ-
ing professors as well as business
men.
Mr.. Bowles told press conference
few hours after taking office that
the foundation of his policy would
be to make OPA regulations under
standable to the public and industry
alike; carefully avoid "Gestapo'
methods of enforcement, but crack
down on the black market whenever
it appeared
Against Driving Ban.
Referring to the pleasure driving
ban, Mr.. Bowles said he did not
know when it would be lifted, but
he pointed out that both he and
Price Administrator Brown are ION
record as wanting to get rid of it
just as soon as we possibly can"
He added that action in abolishing
the ban would depend on the survey
now being made by the Office of
War Mobilization Director Byrnes
and on supplies which are made
available by the Petroleum Admins
tration for War.
Mr.. BowleS said there were many
capable men already in the organi-
cation and ne would retain as many
as he. could. He added that the
world in general has been a bit too
hard on the professors. He pointed,
out that businessmen frequently
employ and work with economists.
7-Point Program.
Mr.. Bowles presented a seven
point program which he said will
guide him in his new job. The pro-
gram follows:
l. Explain to the people the neces-
sity for various regulations and draft
the regulations so that they are I'M
derstandable.
2. More decentralization of the
OPA organization on the theory
that it is impossible to run programs
for the entire country from Wash
ington.
3. Obtain outstanding people for
top jobs in OPA and trust them to
do the job. He said he would en-
ploy AL kinds of good people"
4. Avoidance of the shopping
"Gestapo" approach. 1t is COM
pletly unwarranted. The overwhelm-
ing majority of people are honest
and are anxious to do the right
thing.
5. Vigorous and firm action when
such action is required to wipe out
black markets.
6. Make OPA regulations easy for
businessmen to understand and
comply with.
7. Firm resistance by OPA against
all selfish pressure and vigorous de-
Tense of OPA policies when we
know we are right"
A reporter asked Mr.. Bowles if
his determination to resist pressures
included congressional pressures.'
I'm just a country boy here" he
replied, land I shouldn't be answer
ing questions like that"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-07-27
Four Accused of Plot
To Mail Obscene Films
BY the Associated presv

BY the Associated Press.
LOS ANGELES, July N.-William
H. Horsley, 70, pioneer producer Of
silent films, and three others have
been summoned before United
States Commissioner David B. Head
for removal hearing Thursday on
a Philadelphia indictment charging
them with conspiring to send OBJ
scene films through the mails in in
terstate commerce, deputy United
States marshals said. g.
Hursley, T. H. Emmett of a Hol-
lywood Aim technical laboratory, o.
B. Hertwig, upholsterer, and Robert
I. Lee, manager Of defense mate
rails plant. were arrested by Deputy
Marshals George Rossini and Will
liam Sweeney yesterday, and re-
leased on $1,000 bond each. They
denied the charges.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-07-27
Morale
Continued From First Page J

olives, fruits and grapes were plen-
tiful. Permitting the farmers to
keep a small part of their produce,
the Fascists bought much of the rest
of 1t at rs per cent below market
value and took third of their in
come as we'll.
The people were amazed at Ameri-
can amphibious operations. They
could not understand how the
Americans had learned in advance
about undefended beaches and the
location of batteries which were
wiped out by ships shooting in the
dark.
They said they had been told that
Axis submarines were sinking all
Allied ships. Thus the appearance
OF SO many sturdy ships off the
Sicilian coast had a terrific I'M
dermining effect on the defenders
morale.
Axis prisoners were afraid Of
travelling on our ships because of
the subs We told them we came all
the way from America without
losing ship and they didn't be-
lieVe us.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-07-27
Indians Boudreuu Out
After Collision Here

BY the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, July 27.-Russ Peters
was at shortstop today for the
Cleveland Indians as they opened
their series with the New York
Yankees.
Manager Lou Boudreau, Indians
regular short fielder, suffered a BIZ
cep bruise in his throwing arm in
a collision with Outfielder Henry
Edwards last night in Washington
and decided to give the wing rest
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-07-27
Liars Belt Given
Soldier Who Told
|Of Duce's Fall
By the Associated Press,

by the Associated Press.
ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN
NORTH AFRICA, July 27.-Most
American soldiers, the Stars 'and
Stripes reported today, believe that
MuSsolini couldn't take it.
The paper made large number of
inquiries among the troops and
found II Duce's sudden disappear
ance from the world scene was re-
ceived as great news.
One company hung its ''liar belt"
on Sergt. Max Winship of Los An
geles when he brought the news. The
liars belt" is q mock decoration
awarded for spreading rumors.
Sergt. Winship had to wear 1t until
the following morning, when Alsiers
newspapers confirmed his story.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-07-27
|Vandenberg Sees Hint
OF More 'GIobaIoney'
In Wallace Speech
BY the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
GRAND RAPIDS, Mich, July
Ex-senator Vandenberg, Re-
publican, of Michigan said today
that Vice President Henry A.
Wallace's Detroit speech sug-
gested an Official administra-
ton premise" that "our only
patriots are those who swallow
globaloney with a gulp."
The Senator, in statement at
his home, said Mr.. Wallace's speech
invited the inference that any
American who does not support his
(Wallace's) total, postwar, interna-
tional philanthropy" and "his gal
Looping domestic dreams" is sort
Of subversive Fascist"
Mr.. Wallace, speaking Sunday,
described the world as lone family
with one future" and urged agrees
sive American action to help settle
international economic differences
after the war. He also attacked
what he called American Fascists,"
though naming no individual.
AN American" Senator Vanden-
berg said, ''can faithfully support
legitimate and sympathetic postwar
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS to eff
fective victory-and still fall short
of sharing all the Wallace schemes
to give America away.
ut will not facilitate the meeting
Of minds so necessary to a sound and
united postwar plan to start out on
an official administration premise
that our only patriots are those who
swallow globaloney with a gulp."
Abiding to President Roosevelt's
recent reprimand of Mr.. Wallace
and Secretary of Commerce Jones
for engaging in a public quarrel over
purchase of critical war materials,
Senator Vandenberg declared:
Perhaps the President should
speak sharply to his Vice President
again