davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-10-02
Munpower

A new investigation of the whole
manpower problem by a special COM
mittee of five Senators was asked
for yesterday by Senator Brooks, Re-
publican, of Illinois, during debate
on the need for drafting fathers.
If there is any one subject Con-
greSs has investigated thoroughly in
the past twelve months it is man
power. The Brooks resolution, after
some discussion, went to the Military
Affairs Committee for a recon-
mendation as to whether it should
pass.
That Committee will find it al
ready has in it's bookcase no less than
twenty-five volumes of testimony
taken since October, 1912, on the
Austin Wadsworth national service
bill, and several other manpower
measures.
More recently, in connection with
the West Coast labor shortage, a
separate Military Affairs Subcom-
mittee, again reviewed the picture,
including the new experimental pro-
gram for relieving shortage areas
that grew out of the Baruch report.
To start new inquiry at this stage
of the war, before a different COM
mittee, would seem unnecessary and
futile. If congressional leaders feel
that present efforts to distribute
manpower to the best advantage of
the war effort are not succeeding
fast enough, the time has come for
legislation-not more investigation.
Evening star., 1943-10-02
THIS AND THAT
By Charles E. Trdcepell,
taken except under the direction OF
physician. and the less then the better.

taken except under the direction OF q
physician, and the less then the better.
Literature is full OF references to sleep
inducing potions.
Mention is made OF various teas,
favorites in European countries, but per-
sons who have tried experiments with
herbs say that they are very odd tasting,
and that an American, at least, will not
look forward to taking them, especially
night after night.
Books upon the subject of sleep invari-
ably say that good conscience is one
of the best sleep inducers.
There will always arise, especially in
these days, conditions which will upset
one, and often make ready sleep impos-
sible.
Every one has to work out his own
sleep problems. Fresh air suits one,
but the next must have all the windows
down.
A walk around the block, or around
several blocks. will do just as we'll for
some persons as chopping wood for two
hours. Strenuous exercise as a sleep
compeller should be taken several hours
before the normal retiring time, as many
find that it merely keeps them awake
otherwise.
1t is probably true that many desk
workers would find few hours of
general mild exercise a good sleep in
ducer, if 1t could be gotten in at the
correct time, not too near dinner, and
not too close to the regular retiring time.
Relaxation will be found, by many
persons, the real secret of going to
sleep quickly.
This is the conscious relaxation"
taught in some of the books
1t merely means planned relaxation
Of the muscles, beginning with the eyes,
and going over all muscles of the body.
while one is stretched out in bed, in the
favorite sleeping position.
BY conscious effort of the mind and
will, the eye muscles are relaxed, then
those of the back Of the neck. next of
the mouth, and 50 on all around the
body, but with especial emphasis laid
on the muscles of the eyes, mouth and
back of neck.
The best way to do this is simply to
acquire the feeling that the muscles are
falling right down through the bed.
The moment the attention is taken
from muscle or set of muscles, they
tighten right up again, but may be
relaxed again on another trip around.
This may sound difficult, but it is
very easy, if one just does it, without
really thinking about it any more than
one has to in order to achieve it.
AS the mind is deliberately made
as much of blank as possible the
muscles are helped to relax, and as the
muscles are relaxed the mind is enabled
to become blanker and blanker, or more
thoughtless
In time, the keyed-up condition of the
nerve ganglia loosens, and one is asleep
before one knows it.
Try 1t some time. It is a lot easier
than chopping wood.
Evening star., 1943-10-02

that courage is the only key that will
unlock the dark chamber.
Today nameless fear has taken pos
session of many people as they are
gravely told by political groups that this
Nation will be unable to function safely
in future without the aid of Great
Britain. Such dire warnings insult
American courage. Certainly this country
was not founded on such suppositions OF
defeatism.
Are American principles to be "junked"
because air power has reduced distances,
and we are more open to attack than
formerly? Surely we should be able to
defend ourselves unless, indeed, we have
reached stage of decadence and de-
terioration.
The United States should welcome
friendly cooperation from Great Britain,
while remembering that George Wash
ington opposed foreign entanglements
and Thomas Jefferson said: Il have ever
deemed it fundamental for the United
States never to take part in the quarrels
of Europe"
Do modern planners" expect to scrap"
the lofty views and purposes of the
founders of this Republic?
EDMUND K. GOLDSBOROUGH.
Evening star., 1943-10-02
Questions for Citizens
the South Bend Tribune.

From the South Bend Tribune.
The attitude of many Americans must
change If the American way of life and
the Government as founded by the
forefathers are to be maintained. This
is plainly apparent when common
sense analysis is made of the processes
that have Been effective in the United
States for the last 10 years. They might
be called governmental processes, but
more correct version would be to call
them administrative. executive or presi-
dental processes. Unless this country
returns to the system which made it the
most prosperous, the most influential
and the greatest country in the world.
the drift will be more and more toward
RECOMMENDATION of business and the peo-
pile; in short, toward dictatorship.
People residing in this country who lived
In Germany and Austria in the First
World War freely say that they have
observed the same tendencies and the
same processes here in the last few years
that they saw and experienced in those
countries which finally became dictator
ships.
These are things all Americans should
think about. They are confronted by
danger which many cannot or will not
appreciate. It is difficult to understand
their attitude when the facts speak so
clearly and so loudly against continual
tion of these present processes. Is it
not significant when the President gov
erns by thousands of edicts of his own
issuing instead of by laws legally en-
acted by the people through their rep
resentatives in their Congress, their law
making body? Does it mean nothing
that President Roosevelt has vetoed more
than II times as many measures passed
by Congress in the last 10 years as were
vetoed in rs years by the 16 Presidents
from Washington to Lincoln? Is it of no
Importance to the American people that
they should be free rather than subject
to what is already a near dictatorship?
Does the unwarranted extravagance Of
the Washington New Deal, even in war
time, have no significance?
Evening star., 1943-10-02

emergency proposition. There is no
Job security in an undertaking of
that sort, and postwar planning
should be aimed at creating perma-
nency Of employment, a goal that can
be attained only in thriving industry.
A shortcoming of the National
Resources Planning Board recon-
mendations for postwar readjust-
ment, approved 'in principle" by
President Roosevelt, lies in the fact
that they put so much stress on the
part the Government should play,
and so little on what private business
might be encouraged to do.
Evening star., 1943-10-02
Treasury Tax Policies
Draw Criticism.


To the Editor Of The Star:
Next to our Labor Department I be-
heve that the most inept department of
the Government is our Treasury Depart
ment. According to my recollection,
this department has never proposed a
tax bill which has not been written with
view to the redistribution of income
or the raising of the social status of the
underprivileged. The raising of revenue
has always played a role secondary to
politics. This department vigorously op-
posed the sensible Rlllnl plan which
would have eliminated all the compli-
Gated and unnecessary calculations of
the income tax which was finally
adopted. 1t has consistently opposed
the sales tax which would tax people
directly in proportion to the money
spent and would definitely reduce the
so-called inflationary gap. This appears
to be the the sole remaining large source
Of revenue available. In lieu of this tax
the department favors a destructive in
come tax which will prevent corporations
as well as individuals from building up
reserves to tide them over reconversion
to peace basis. And the Treasury has
indicated that it favors several of the
schemes to refund part of the taxes
after the war is over. From all indica-
tions the Treasury Department believes
that after the war is over it will have
money to burn. But it is my belief that
the most unbusinesslike procedure of the
Treasury Department of our "Bungle
Deal (there is no longer any need of
calling 1t New Deal') is to issue bonds
to the public most of which are payable
on demand, with the implication that
after the war they can be used to pur-
chase automobiles and other luxuries.
Certainly no business organization would
care to have all its obligations payable
on demand. A lot Of people must agree
with this viewpoint. Why doesn't some
one dare to say 50? OBSERVER.
Evening star., 1943-10-02
Browder's Latest

The ineffable Earl Browder, gen.
eral secretary of the Communist
party of the United States, has sur
passed himself in intemperate arro-
gance. That is "something," as the
saying goes; because for years he has
been trumpeting the party line"
always for the Communist interest
and in complete disregard of other
considerations.
That party line has been a devious
one. Down to Hitler'S rupture of
his agreement with Stain, the strug-
gle in Europe was an "imperialist
war" waged by Britain and France
against Germany; so BroWder pro-
claimed that ''the Yanks aren't COM
Ing" this time. Then, literally over
night, the NaZi attack on the Soviet
Union in June, 1941, transformed
the conflict into a sacred cause which
America must enter forthwith. The
nature of our actual entry through
Japan's attack upon US at Pearl
Harbor made no change in Mr..
BroWder's concept of our strategy,
which called for disregard of the
japanese foe and complete concen-
tration on Europe in aid of the Soviet
Union. So the Communist party
spokesman has ceaselessly demanded
the opening of second front" in
Western Europe, regardless of cost.
A striking example of Mr.. Brow
der'S technique is the speech deliv-
cred by him at Communist second
front" meeting held in New York
City early in September, imme-
diately after the Quebec conference.
Asserting that such an attack was
perfectly feasible, he stated that if
the British and American general
staffs did not so act "it can only be
because as military experts they
have been overruled by themselves
in the capacity of politicians subject
to reactionary influence" And he
coupled this open accusation of bad
faith with warning that, unless the
second front was opened imme-.
diately, AngloAmerican relations
with Soviet Russia would "deterior-
ate sharply"
Neither Russian victories nor AL
lied successes in the Mediterranean
have changed Mr.. Browders tune. His
speech at Chicago last Monday eve
ming sets new high for his effront-
cry. Again he demanded an imme-
diate second front as the prerequisite
to consolidating good relations with
the Soviet Union. And we had best
do it, if we know what is good for us,
because "the cold, hard truth is this,
that unless we get down off our high
horse = there is not the slightest
prospect for us to emerge from this
war with anything that can properly
be called victory" Mr.. Browder
made another interesting comment
when he called attention to the
steady advance of the Russian armies
and "the prospect that it opens up a
decisive Soviet victory in which
Anglo American arms will have no
major share"
However, Mr.. Browder's most sig
d. nificant point was his ridicule of the
idea that America or Britain might
expect any Soviet aid in the Far
Fast. 1t is sheer illusion, said he, for
US to expect that the Soviet Union
will be able or willing also to under
take the burden of the military
struggle against Japan. All chatter
about the Soviets giving us bombing
bases in Siberia is harmful nonsense
with only one aim in mind-to try to
give the Soviet Union similar tasks
Evening star., 1943-10-02
Jap Fanaticism Held
Negative Quality.

To the Editor of The Star:
May I comment upon an Associated
Preess dispatch in The Star as of the
Oath? 1t is captioned, "Japs Kill Selves
and Captors After Surrendering." One
OF our soldiers who has returned from
the South Sea area tells us that our bows
are now demanding that all captured
Japs must remove all of their clothing
and advance toward them in the nude.
The reason is that Japs have been known
to conceal grenades in their clothing
with which they have blown themselves
and their captors to bits. Hence this
precaution.
This japanese willingness to die has
been attributed to bravery, fanaticism,
love Of homeland and various other
positive attributes. 1 think that it is
entirely on the negative side. To me it
seems due to a fear of the homeland and
to the fact that the Japanese have
nothing to which to return This feeling
Of hopelessness and futility on the part
Of her citizens is the worst possible in
dictment of the barrenness of the jap
anese theology.
Nobody welcomes a failure in Japan!
Japanese do not want captives as they
are not equipped to handle them prop
erly. They do not want their own badly
wounded back for the same reason. Also
a wounded Jap Is constant reminder
that they are not as invulnerable as they
are pretending to themselves that they
are Many of the things which thev do
and would seem so cruel are due to in
efficiency.
Human beings are queer. They would
rather be considered wicked than stupid.
They would rather be considered cruel
than incapable. japanese cruelty is a
true sign of their inadequacy, a token
OF their inability to function adequately
when things begin to 60 wrong.
...t LAURA K POLLOCK.
Evening star., 1943-10-02
Letters to the Editor

Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address OF
the Uriter, although the use of
a pseudonyn1 for publication is
permissible. The Star reserves
the right to edit all letters uith
a Uie,D to condensation.
Evening star., 1943-10-02

Comments on Fear
In Postwar Planning.
TO the Editor Of The Star:
Robert 1ngerso1 said: Fear Is the
dungeon Of the mind" It would seem
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-10-10
Average Good Meals Glasses of Ovaltine Give
the Normal Person All the Extra VitamnS and Minerals
To- Ice
He Can Use

Millions of people know how important it
is to take extra vitamins and minerals every
day. So we want to emphasize this point:
Ovaltine is one of the richest sources of vita
Minis and minerals in the world.
In fact, if you just drink 2 glasses of
Ovaltinc day-and eat three average-good
meals including fruit juicc-you get all the
vitamins and minerals you need. All you
can proftably use according to experts
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-10-22
Paid While Training

II ;s possible that number Of women and
oir,s in this vicinity would have taken courses
in nursing if it had not been for the necessity
NJ earning a living at the same time. After
hard days work, and women in business
are hard workers, physical WEAKNESS doubt
less prevented many from taking night
courses.
There is no reason to question the patriotism
or willingness to serve Of a large majority
of women workers and because OF their nat
ural dizziness they are peculiarly fitted Tor
nursing. But that universal need for three
meals day and place to sleep must come
first, for them no less than for men Inc
consequence has been under-par enrolment
for training and slim attendance.
Now the situation is changed. There is no
longer anv need for recruits to work for their
living while in training. They will be paid
during their student period from funds made
available by the government. Their salaries
will range from SIS to $50 month IN addl-
tion to living expenses. Not so long ago
graduate physicians during their interneship
were paid no more.
The James Walker Memorial Hospital is
among the group designated for training re-
cruits in the Cadet Nurse Corps. The hos
pitfalls superintendent, Charles W. Mangum,
will pass on applications for some time to
come The initial course will be started in
February All that is needed to be eligible
is high school diploma and a willing heart.
If it is nconvenient to contact MIR. Mag
gum, a visit to Red Cross headquarters, room
125 Custom House. will bring any additional
the expectant trainec may desire.
The new arrangement offers wonderful
opportunity for Wilmington women and girls
to do greater service in this war emergency.
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-10-22
Misdirected Realism

We are gradually becoming aware OF the
fact that more realism must be introduced
in our way of life if we are to hold a place
among leading world powers. We have been
too content with ideals in the past to recog-
nize that, high though they be, they are not
alone capable of carrying us forward with
nations which have taken a more realistic
but sad to relate, some of oul realism is
just so much hokum.
Some of the more outspcker realsts among
us hold that far the men and women
who work in large corporate enterprises are
concerned, it makes little if any difference
whether government or private management
runs industry and signs the checks. These
converts encourage government domination as
the easiest solution of the complex problems
of an industrial society. They are wrong.
The problem of maintaining individual Sc
curity and opportunity cannot be solved by
government ownership Government owner
ship of basic industries, of mines, other nat
ural resources, power and transportation,
would open the way to termination of the
liberty of every citizen. No matter how large
owned and operated, it represents economic
freedom to those who work in it. That is,
they are economically free OF any form of
political coercion. Their jobs do not depend
upon how they vote.
Destruction Of private industry means de-
ctr - lof;, rr
is fundamental truth which every soldier
and every war worker must keep clearly in
mind during these troublesome times.
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-10-22
NaZi WantOnness

After the barbarities the Germans prac-
tced in Czechoslovakia and Poland and dur
ing the civilian excavations in Belgium and
France, we ought to be prepared for what
retreating Nazi armies are doing in Italy, 1t
is nothing new to learn that they are slaugh-
tering noncombatants, burning bones d
crops, killing livestock. They have done it
everywhere their Shiny feet have Travelled
and to everything their bloody hands have
touched.
But their atrocities in Italy are so cowardly,
such exhibitions of dastardly ruthessness, that
they stir normal human hearts as none of
their former vileness has done. Italy is pay
ing frightful price for Mussclins rotten
leadership and Badoglio's procrastnation.
Murdered Italians cannot be restored to
lie. Wanton destruction of property cannot
be halted until the last German is driven out.
But terrible score is being compiled which
must not be overlooked when the day of
reckoning dawns.
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-10-22
Alas, Poor Yorick!

Fverv now and then, and here and there,
excavators dig up human bones IN places
where they are least expected to be buried
Sometimes such discoveries bear upon long
forgotten murders and occasionally to the con-
v;ction of slayer. More often they mark
the site of old burying grounds which Oldest
inhabitants cannot recall and a search OF
dusty histories and archives is necessary to
establish their identity.
A case of this sort was uncovered in Mobile
some wears ago when the city secured strip
of land formerly part of closed convent
site with the purpose Of cutting street
through the property. Many human bones
came UP on the steam shovel and great was
the speculation of the workers whose first
thought was of mass slaughter.
But it was learned that the earliest settlers
who had travelled south along the eastern side
of the mountains, with the intention OF NOV
ing on westward, settled instead at the con-
Huence of the Coosa and Tallapoosa rivers
and finally migrated to the mouth Of the
Alabama Wnere tney eStdphoHeu ido1edIloil,
reared families and in the fullness Of time
died. to be buried in the land that subsequently
contained the aforesaid convent.
It is quite probable that inquiry will &C.
count for the presence of human bones in
soil being excavated for the Atlantic Coast
Lines annex on Red Cross street. Their dis
covery would not seem to involve an unsolva
bic mystery.
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-10-22
The Literary Guidepost

her last name although she is due
for a week end almost instantly.
But these are not all, and Mrs.
DoWell's difficulty is that she is
never quite sure who or what else
she has in her house. Drogheda
insists that one of her visions was
a little woman in black carrying
a small bag, and that the woman
was substantial enough to p S h
Crogheda aside. There also ap-
pears to be a naked young man
at large in the upper stories. The
glamor girl finds the sheets taken
off her bed, and detective, i'm
ported by Mrs. Dowell, eventually
is locked in the basement jam
closet. Next door lives a wonder
fully supplemented gang of coun-
terfeiters, and on the other side
OF the Dowell house there is a
spinster with a penchant for trans
lating French literally, often with
surprising results.
The author uses these pawns
with remarkable skill. Reviewers
and readers whose idea of a novel
is a slightly sugared dose of Karl
Marx will Of course be nauseated
by the result. Personally. I
thought the performance wholly
delightful and skillful in the ex-
treme.
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-10-22
It Just Won't Do

The War Food Administration was given
$500 900 900 for subsidies to cover the loss to
producers occasioned by "rollback" in some
retail food prices Before the ink is dry on
the first $500, 600, 900 authorized Administrator
Jones wants $500, 900, 900 more.
Once the "cost Of living subsidy" is es-
tablished. look out for it to be extended, bill
lion by billion.
The farmer doesn't want the subsidy be-
cause he knows he will be at the mercy of
the government to pay him such handout,
Under one name or another, as it deems suf-
ficient to keep him going.
The food subsidy is an indirect method OF
making the government boss OF every farm
In the United States.
The cost of production, which is based
largely on the cost of labor, will always es-
tablish the price of commodity. 1t is child
NAV to talk about reducing the cost OF COM
modify when the cost of production is going
up. There isn't enough money in the world
to maintain peacetime prices by suDsldlzng
wartime production costs. The people pay,
through taxes or prices, and there IS more
waste via the tax-subsidy route
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-10-22
QUOTATIONS

Don't YOU know that we have to live with
tho folks hack home?-Rep Robert l.. Dough-
ton of North Carolina, chairman of House
Wavs and Means Committee, to Treasury tax
experts.
Here am and here I shall remain. The
e..1:.as ,,evchosis must be banished, After
this the Dnieper line will be the natural from
+iar between the two arnies.-Adolf Hitler,
on recent visit to the RUSSIAN front.
VA +
The war won't be over by Christmas. We
have hardly commenced to knock at Europe S
door. The greatest attack VIII come m when we
Navy Secretary Frank Knox
believe that depriving people of food con-
+n;no Them in unheated buildings robbing
theno If their clothing in spite Of cold wealth
er should be treated on par with ordinary
murder and that the German err la! criminals guilty
Of these crimes should be tried for murder
Dr. Nikolai Burdenko Red Army's chief sur
9eOn. -.