davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-01-02
Soviet Counterdrive Reveals
Skill and Thoroughness
Eliot Says Rumonions Endured Brunt
Of Lotest Russion Operation

manians. Five and half Italian
divisions and two Rumanian divi-
sions were routed" as well as four
German infantry divisions and one
armored division which provides
their stiffening element
Growing Short of Means.
Again the toll of prisoners-60,0O 900
suggested that of these units very
little remains. BY this time, the
central reserve elements of the Ger
man forces in South Russia were
being called in. These would nor
mally be held as far back as Rostov,
the central point of the German
strategical faoric in this area, and
the one from which any position on
the wide front between Nalchik and
the middle Don could be reinforced
At all costs the Russians had to be
stopped short of the Donetz. No
doubt also by this time troops from
the main strategic reserve in Ger
many were streaming eastward.
But the weakening of the army
group reserve at Rostov gave the
signal for the next phase of the
Russian operations which the COM
munique describes-the smashing
blow southwest Of Stalingrad, down
the Stalingrad- -Rostov railway.
This line was of great Importance
to the Germans. They were using it
to supply the almost encircled siege
army at Stalingrad, running supply
trains as far forward as the ad-
vanced supply base at Kotelnikov-
ski. and from there trucking the
supplies through the narrow cor
rldor along the Don, which was still
open, or flying them in by transport
plane. But Kotelnikovski fell to
the sudden Soviet attack, and the
Russians rolled on down the rail-
way; the presence of three German
armored divisions and a motorized
division could not stop them, and
four Rumanian divisions were like
wise routed" though only 5000
prisoners were taken-which sug-
gests that the German forces, by
reason of their high mobility, were
this time able to withdraw in fairly
good order, and may be heard from
again.
Another Russian column, prob
ably highly motorized, has dived
east of the railway. down into the
Kalmyck steppe and is approaching
the Manych River. This column is
probably intended to outf1ank the
line of the Manych, on which the
Germans retreating along the rail-
way might otherwise be expected to
make a stand. Certainly both these
operations threaten the line of re-
treat of the German armies in the
North Cacausian area; the speed of
their advance makes it clear that
the Germans are growing short of
means with which to resist. What
their decision will be-fght to a
finish or commence to withdraw
is not yet clear. But it is a de-
cision which must be taken soon.
(Copyrisht, 1e43, New York Tribune. Inc }
Evening star., 1943-01-02
300 Firestone Workers
Granted Union Security

By the Associated Press
The War Labor Board today ap-
proved union security for approx
mately 5000 employees of Firestone
Rubber & Latex Products Of Fall
River. Mass, a Subsidiary OF the
Firestone Tire Il Rubber Co. of
Akron, Ohio.
The order included clause giving
members Is days from last Decem-
ber 80 to resign from the union and
provision safeguarding against the
coercion of any employees into union
membership. The board vote was
4 to 2, employer members dissent
ing.
The board also authorized Inter
state Weaving Co., Inc, Holyoke,
Mass, to increase hourly wages IN
cents to IS production and mainte-
nance employees.
Evening star., 1943-01-02
Chattanooga Asks What to Do
In Entertaining 8 500 WAACS

places for the WAACS to go when
they come in on week ends"
A committee has been appointed
to work on the problem and has re-
ceived many uggestions-some not
SO helpful others with possibilities.
The YWCA already has planned
living and recreation rooms, and one
hotel is putting aside a large room
where the WAACS can read, write
and relax.
From the males to the general pub
lie have come such suggestions as
Liberty Beaux" organization and a
weekly dance, staged at the citys ex-
pense, for WAACS and soldiers. The
latter suggestion drew a complaint
that it would be too much like a
soldier dancing with another SOL
dier," but the sour note was sup
posed to have been sounded BY a
civilian who couldn't get into an all
military dance.
Evening star., 1943-01-02
US. Bomber Squadron
Loses Only One Plane
In Al Tunisian Raids
Leader of African Unit
loys Success to P-3S
Aid, Speed and Skill
BY IVES GALLAGHER,
Associated Press War Correspondent

Associated Press war correspondent,
AN ADVANCED AMERICAN
BOMBER BASE IN NORTH
AFRICA, Jan. 2-Men of the Amer
lean light bomber squadron, living
in tin huts and pup tents on a field
attacked almost daily by the Luft-
waite, have hung up the remark
able record of carrying out Al raids
on the Germans in Tunisia with
the loss of just one plane-and the
crew of that one is safe.
Led by Maj. Charles c. Kegel-
man of Ell Reno, Okla. who struck
the first American air blow against
the Nazis in a raid over Holland
on July 4. the small group of light
bombers put their wheels down on
the African plain surrounded by
mountains.
The field was empty-no runways,
no gasoline, no bombs. no ground
crews, no hangers.
"Al we had was our toothbrushes, y
Maj. Kegelman said.
Mechanics Follow Planes.
Today tents dot the plain and
mechanics and ground crews swarm
over speedy American bombers.
The day after the original landing
few trucks loaded with bombs and
gasoline arrived, and the bombers
took off on their first mission
Forty-one raids, Maj Kegelman
says, make this "the most expert
enced light bomber squadron in the
American Air Force"
The strength of their blows can
be seen from the fact that the Ger
mans send over planes every day to
blast the nest. The answer of the
! grlnEing ground crews was to build
an air-raid shelter over a conven-
lent bomb crater.
There is no recreation and nc
place to go and nothing to do but
fly and eat. Rations come out OF
cans and there is no surprise ele-
ment. Always it's hash.
Our record of not losing planes
can be attributed to the wonderful
support given by American P-38s
and to our speed and the expert
ence that the boys are getting al
Of sudden" said the ma jor, who
looks more mature than he did sis
months ago. 1t. Randall Dorton Of
Long Beach. Golf, his navigate,
and bombardier, nodded agree
ment.
In Need of Rest.
Maj. Kegelman has three Of the
four members who made the orig
lnal flight with him over Holland
The fourth, Sergt Golay, is back
in the United States studying for a
| commission.
The boys used to complain the
weather never was good enough for
flying, but now they are wishing 70,
some bad days and a little rest
Maj. Kegelman said.
Although the weather is clear
enough for flying, it is miserable
most Of the time, as the field on
the plateau is swept by rain and
snow squalls. 1t is almost always
bitterly cold at this time of the
year, with the flyers going to bed
at 7 o'clock in order to keep warm
Evening star., 1943-01-02
News on Hawaii Move
Lacking, President Saws

BY the ASSOclated Press
President Roosevelt told reporters
yesterday that he had not heard
any new developments, since his
Tuesday press conference, in the
effort to relax some of the military
control in Hawaii.
He said at that time the military
government would be relaxed some
what. Yesterday he declared that
since he had not heard anything
new he assumed that things were
pretty well Strengthened out.
Evening star., 1943-01-02
BY MAI. GEORGE FIELDING
ELIOT.

ELIOT.
The special Soviet communique
reviewing the results obtained to
date by the great counter-offensive
in South Russia reveals the thor
oughness and skill with which this
vast operation has been planned and
executed.
First came the drive northwest of
Stalingrad. which freed the ap-
proaches to the city and threateed
the communications of the siege
army. This blow appears to have
fallen most heavily on the luckless
Rumanians whom the Germans had
left to guard this northern flank.
Either because they could do no
better, or more likely because the
Rumanian troops were not proving
very useful in the assault on the city
itself.
Ten Rumanian divisions, including
one armored division, were involved
in this phase of the operation; they
were supported by only three Ger
man infantry divisions and one arm
ores division. plus three others
which apparently were hastily, but
too late, pushed in as reinforce
ments. All these except the last
three are reported as routed and
since 72,000 prisoners were taken, it
is pretty clear that not much is left
of these elements as fighting units,
even if we discount very heavily the
report 95 900 killed.
ut may be assumed that re-
ports of prisoners taken are rea-
Sonably accurate. though there Is
no reason to give the same Gre
dence to reports Of killed and
wounded)
Germans Entrapped.
Next came the completion of the
development of Stalingrad from the
north, northwest and southwest,
leaving only one narrow corridor
open along the Don. This entrapped
the German siege army which has
since been on the defensive with
diminishing stores, and may now be
wholly surrounded 1t is almost
certainly doomed to extinction or
capture. 1t is notable that this force
is-with the exception of two Ru-
manian divisions-entirely German;
the German units include IL in
fantry divisions, motorized in
fantry divisions. the remnants of 3
other infantry divisions apparently
involved in the previous phase of
the fighting; armored divisions.
and also corps and army troops 7
artillery regiments. mortar regi-
ment and battalions of assault
engineers. This amounts to total
of % Axis divisions disposed of or
entrapped.
Naturally, this heavy assault on
the German forces at Stalingrad
tended to draw eastward to the aid
of the threatened siege army the
German reserve forces In the bend
of the Don; and the weakening OF
the German positions in this area,
having been foreseen, gave the Rus
slams the opportunity to launch the
next phase of their counter -offen-
sive The thrust southwark from
the middle Don, whose crossings had
been valiantly defended all summer
and have proven TO be, as repeatedly
pointed out in these articles, the
strategical key to the whole situa-
ton.
Here the Germans had established
an Italian army on flank guard, and
1t Jared no better than the Ru-
Evening star., 1943-01-02
Chinese Minister Predicts
Unified Allied Command
By the Associated Pres.

BY the Associated Press
CHUNGKING. Jan. "A predic-
tion that the Allied military COM
mand would be unified this year
was made by War Minister Gen.
Ho Ying-chin at New Year party
last night in honor of Allied officers
In Chungklng.
Il am confident that in 1943 CO.
operation among the United Nations
will 60 still further and develop into
strong fighting bloc unprecedented
in the history of mankind the gen.
eral said.
He pledged that China would ex-
ert its best efforts in cooperation
with the Allies.
United States Brig. Gen. Thomas
G.. Hearn, representing 1t Gen. JOS
eph w. Stilwell, responded that we
are physically here to help you in
every possible way and see to it that
this invasion is ended. The Japa-
nese soldier must be driven out of
China. You can count on the Amer
ican forces to fight the japanese
wherever and whenever we can find
them. There shall be no letup.'
Evening star., 1943-01-02
By the Associated Press.

OTTAWA, Ontario, Jan. Ca
madam naval headquarters an
nounced yesterday that a new emer-
gency ration kit has been devised
which will give a better chance of
survival to shipwrecked sailors
huddled on hferafts.
Each kit, no larger than a wom-
ans overnight bag, will hold eight
l6-ounce tins Of water. eight tins
of high caloric food and eight pack
cts of sealed milk tablets. Four of
the kits will be fastened to each
10-man raft, the announcement
said.
The food tin is little bigger than
a sardine can and holds II choco-
late tablets. plus two bars Of choco-
Evening star., 1943-01-02
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press
CHATTANOOGA, Tenn, Jan. O.
Chattanooga, long accustomed to
soldiers from nearby Fort Ogle-
thorp, both in peace and war, is in
somewhat of a dither over it's new
est military problem-what to do
with 5000 WAACS.
The War Department announced
last week it would send the WAACS
to Fort Oglethorpe for training, and
since then there's been no end of
head scratching over ways of fur
nishing the women entertainment.
Raleigh Crumbliss. associate direc-
tor of the Chamber of Commerce.
says, You can provide service club
and some entertainment for service
men and then turn them loose in the
city and they can entertain them
selves. But there are only a few
Evening star., 1943-01-02
Canadians Devise Food Kit
For Shipwrecked Sailors

late. These. with concentrated bis
cults, are supposed to last one man
two days.
The whole kit is covered by salt
water-resisting paint, the tins will
not rust or break at IS degrees
below zero. and the chocolate will
not melt below 2l2 degrees, it was
said.
Eat slowly" is the only direction
on the packages. This is suggested
because of the high caloric con-
tent of the food
United States and British naval
authorities also may adopt the kit
which was designed after weeks of
research under the direction Of
Surgeon 1t. Comdr. Charles Best
Of Toronto. co-discoverer of insulin,
the announcement said.
Evening star., 1943-01-02
Navy Renames Air Bases
To Simplify Accounting

BY the Associated Press.
The Navy said today that effective
January l all except two naval re-
serve air bases were renamed naval
air stations In a technical move to
simplify accounting procedure. The
two exceptions were Anacostia.
D. c., and Squantum, Mass. which
could not be given the new des-
ignation because naval air stations
already exist at those places.
The Navy said that there was no
significance in the change and that
it was only put through to simplify
bookkeeping by permitting the keep
ing Of one account instead Of two
for these naval air centers.
Sixteen air bases were involved
in the change.
Evening star., 1943-01-02
Fete for Servicemen
Today 10 Wind Up
Holiday Observance
Military Officials Of
Allies Are to Be at
Press Conteen Party

A New Year party for men of the
Allied armed forces at the National
Press Club Canteen this afternoon
was to climax the holiday observ-
ance which yesterday was marked
by prayer and religious meditation
in accordance with President Roose-
velts exhortation that the first day
of the New Year be "a day of
prayer"
Among the guests at the Ma
tional Press Club Canteen at 2:30
pm. were to be Rear Admiral F.
l.. Reichmuth, commandant of the
Potomac River naval area; Gen.
M. E. Bethouart, representative of
the North African French Army
attending conferences here; Rear
Admiral G. w. Stoeve, former COM
manding officer of the Dutch feet
in the Netherlands Indies, and Capt.
r. H. S. Spaight of the Raj.
Maj. Gordon Hittenmark of the
Army Air Forces will be master of
ceremonies of the floor show, which
will draw on amateur talent among
guests. The Navy School of Music
Band and chorus will entertain.
YMCA Entertains.
The YMCA yesterday gave a va
riety of entertainment programs and
receptions in it's assembly hall and
mems gymnasium at Southeastern
University and the USO clubroom.
Episcopal clergy and laymen from
20 parishes in Maryland and the
District attended dinner at
Epiphany Episcopal Church, 1917 G
street NV, sponsored by the Po-
tomac Assembly, Brotherhood of St.
Andrew. The Right Rev. Oliver j.
Hart, bishop coadjutor of Pennsyl-
vanla, said his recent experience as
chaplain at Fort Dix had convinced
him that young men of all faiths are
wondering today If the church can
really make its impact on the world.
Among the guests were Col. M. r.
r. Prentice of the British Army
staff and James l.. Houghteling.
national vice president of the St.
Andrews Brotherhood and son of
the founder of the national body.
Masses in Catholic churches
throughout the Metropolitan Area
observed the Feast of Circumcision.
In orthodox synagogues and at the
Washington Hebrew (Reformed)
Congregation spiritual resolutions
for the New Year formed the theme
Of services last night.
Rishon Froeuan III
At the Washington Cathedral
New Year Day was observed with
holy communion, intercession and
services of evening prayer. The
Right Rev. James E. Freeman.
Bishop OF Washington, was absent
because of illness.
The Washington Women's League
OF Gettysburg pa College held a
silver tea at the home of Mrs Henry
Fowler, 632 A street NE.
Two l8-year-old torpedoed sailors
who survived IL hours in the chilly
waters of the Atlantic Ocean near
North Africa were feted Yesterday
at the Stage Door Canteen by a
near-record audience.
They were Harold Gould of Tren-
ton, N. j., and Robert E. Flick OF
Pittsburgh, who were en- route back
to Norfolk and duty after 80 davs'
survivors leave" They told of their
experiences and exchanged auto
graphs with Genevieve Tobin, senior
hostess and former movie star.
Evening star., 1943-01-02
Crew Sinks Enemy Ship
Caught by British Petrol

Ry the Associated Press
LONDON, Jan. 2.-The Admiralty
announced today that an enemy
merchant vessel of about 10000 tons
had been scuttled in the Atlantic by
its crew when intercepted by navy
patrols.
The communique said:
An enemy merchant vessel of
some 10000 tons which was attempt
ing to run the blockade has been
intercepter by our patrols in the At
lantic.
On being overhauled the crew
scuttled the ship and has been taken
prisoners Of war"
Evening star., 1943-01-02
Gront Tops Mems List
Of Best Movie Dressers
Rx the Associated Press

By the Associated Press.
BEVERLY HILLS. Calf. Jan. a.
This will be its last selection until
the war is over, the Beverly Hills
Junior League warns, as 1t lists the
10 best-dressed Hollywood men for
1912. And note the military touch:
Cary Grant. Fred Astaire, Walter
Pidgeon. all actors; Buddy De sylvia,
producer: Tommy Dorsey, band
leader: Bob Hope. actor; Jimmy
McHugh, composer: Maj Tom
Lewis, U. S. A.: Adolphe Menjou,
actor, who usually rates high on ma
tional sartorial polls, and 1t. Ed
nund Granger, U. S, A.
Evening star., 1943-01-02

houses IN Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas
and New Mexico. He also had been
engaged in the oil business and has
interests in Texas well-driliing
operations.
Mr.. CuilLm was educated in
schools at Amarillo, Tex, and at
the MetrcLtlitan Business College
at Dallas. He is president of the
Texas Wesleyan College Holding
Corp. which controls Texas Wes-
leyan Iunlcr College at Fort Worth.
Mr.. Culllm lives at 1l6 Rever,
place, Silver Spring.
Evening star., 1943-01-02
Dewey Takes Reins
In n. u; Legislature
Maps War Program
Measure to Suspend
Laws Homperine
Effort Is Drafted
BY the Associated Prese

6S lne associated Press.
ALBANY, N. Y, Jan. 2.-Legisla-
ton designed to permit suspension
Of any law impeding New York's war
program was drafted today in the
wake of Gov. Thomas E. Deweys
inaugural call for expansion of the
State war effort.
Leading the Republican party's re-
turn to State power after 20 years,
Mr.. Dewey assumed the governor
ship yesterday with an outline of
wartime tasks" and pledge of his
administration ito lead the way in
translating into productive effort the
indomitable will to victory among
our people"
Immediately leaders of the
Republican dominated Legislature
promised vigorous action. They
listed for first consideration a
measure to make temporarily in
operative any law which hampers
the war effort. The Legislature con-
venes Wednesday.
Outlines Policy.
Mr.. Dewey, asserting returning
members of the armed forces ARE
entitled to expect something better
than the hopeless period of Govern
ment-made work and relief" called
for prompt and full utilization of
chronological advances in commerce,
agriculture and industry, so as to
carry the staggering peacetime bur-
dens ."
Mr.. Dewey, expected to specify
his program in a message opening
the Legislature, gave a general out
line of what he considers the States
wartime responsibilities in his in
augural address.
They included helping farmers
toward maximum food production:
fullest utilization of industry in war
production; improved transportation
- Of war goods, workers and farm
products: adjustment of State tax
procedures to ease the Federal tax
burden: improvement of housing in
defense areas: keying education to
war requirements; improving labor
management relations, and co-ordi-
nation Of police, fire and air-raid
protection.
In this way we snail put our real
strength into the struggle for ma
tlonal survival" Mr.. Dewey said.
Asks Productive Society.
Promising not only a wartime but
a peacetime administration" the
new Governor pictured members of
the armed forces "triumphantly re-
turning home expecting to enjoy
the benefits of the free system they
have successfully defended"
These young men and women are
entitled to expect something better
than the hopeless period of Govern
ment-made work and relief. of
which we have seen so much in the
past decade" Mr. Dewey declared.
They are entitled to a fruitful,
productive place in free economic
society. dependent on the favor of
no man or political party for their
livelihood or for their security" he
continued. They are entitled to
come home to a State in which
employment can freely be found and
in which man can work and look
forward to future limited only by
his own skill and ability"
While urging cooperation between
Federal, State and local governments,
DR.. Dewey served notice that "in
recognizing the need for Joint action
your State will neither evade nor
surrender its responsibilities"
Evening star., 1943-01-02
Milk Price Advanced
In ; Areas Due 10
Subsidy Removal
Move Seen as First
Step in PIon to Drop
Artificial Ceilings
BY the Associated Press.

6y the Associated PfeSe.
Stripped of the support of
Federal subsidies, the prices of
fluid milk will be permitted
temporary increases varying
from a half cent to cents a
quart-in three main Metropoli-
tan Areas Monday.
With similar upward shifts ex-
pected to follow soon in II other
areas, the move was seen as the first
step in a new economic policy of pro-
hibiting the use of subsidies to hold
price ceilings in place-except for
temporary, emergency cases.
The Office of Price Administra-
ton announced last night that in
creases until April l would be per-
mitted in Chicago, the New York
metropolitan area and the Duluth
Superior area.
Subsidy Maintained Ceiling.
Since Economic Sterilization d.
rector James F. Byrnes had ordered
elimination of subsidies which had
been paid to milk distributors, OPA
said the increases were being al
lowed to prevent interruption in the
supply OF milk in those centers. The
subsidies had been paid to hold the
price ceilings in place despite in
crease in the prices paid to farmers
for the milk.
At the close Of the higher price
period, Secretary of Agriculture
Wickard hopes to have prepared a
practical program of economies" to
put into operation in the marketing,
delivery and processing of milk in
the three areas, permitting a return
to the present prices, OPA said.
The announcement said similar
action is expected to be taken in
Boston, Denver, st. Louis. Toledo,
Memphis, Louisville, Fall River and
Lowell-Lawrence, Mass; Fort Wayne
and La Porte County, Ind, and
Kansas City, Mo.
Barred Except In Emergencies.
Although OPA and Agriculture
Department spokesmen refused to
comment officially on the question
of elimination of Federal subsidies,
it was understood Mr.. Byrnes had
rules they should not be used to
support price ceilings except in
emergency cases, then only on a
temporary basis
Here is how the OPA move will
affect prices in the three areas:
New York-Applies only to retail
stores and wholesalers, bringing the
new ceiling to IA cents a quart, an
advance of from l to cents.
Chicago-Raises home delivered
price Il cent to about Is cents a
quart and wholesale and retail store
prices cent to an average of 1917
cents.
Duluth Superior - Increases all
prices l cent quart; this makes
the new prices IL to 13 cents for
home delivered milk and IL to IL
cents in stores.
Evening star., 1943-01-02
Mrs. Roosevelt to Open
New York Seumen's Club

BY the Associated Press
A new merchant seamen's club,
sponsored by the American Theater
Wing War Service in New York, will
be dedicated Monday afternoon by
Mrs. Franklin D. Roosevelt, the War
Shipping Administration announced
TODAY