davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-03-24

O. How long were the McGuffey Read
ers used in schools?-V. B. r.
A. The first of the McGuffey Readers
appeared in 1886. They were used in 81
States. At least as recently as the early
190o's certain schools still used them.
O. What is a walkie- alkie?-E. l.. H.
A. Walkie-talkie is a portable radio
telephone by means of which two-way
communication is possible.
@. What forms of entertainment are
most popular in the United States?-
G. B.
A. A recent survey showed that the
favorite forms of entertainment of the
American people In their order are:
Listening to the radio, attending movies,
reading books, magazines and news
papers, and attendance at sports events.
@. Did Paderewski ever write an
opera?-F. D. E.
A. Paderewski composed an opera,
Manu-" which had its first perform
ance at Dresden, Germany, on May 20,
1901.
@. When was cheese first made in this
country?-B. @.
A. Cheese was first made IN the United
States by women IN the farm homes Of
the early settlers. The cheese, which
was similar to English cheddar, later
become known a. American" cheese.
Jesse williams started the frst cheese
factory In Oneida County. N! r, IA
1851.
@. What was the number Of highways
which radiated from ancient Reme7
H G.
A. At the height Of Rome's power. no
less than 20 great roads entered the
city.
@. When and by whom was the para
chute first suggested?-W. L. S.
A. Leonardo do Vinci formulated the
principle OF the parachute as far back
as 1495.
@. Is the name of David's mother
mentioned anywhere in the Bible?-Y. r
A. 1t is not mentioned. David was the
sor Of Jesse the name of whose wife is
nowhere recorded in the scriptuff ).
@. Is John Mccormack, theg Irish
tenor, still living B. T.
A. John Mccormack is living.
@. Who said that the mind ruls IS ths
universe?-R. E. A.
A. Plato In Philebus, section 80, rays:
Mind is ever the ruler Of the lni-
verse"
@. What ancient people used to have
skeleton at their feasts?-W. L. l..
A. Plutarch says that the ancient
Egyptians used to have skeleton,
mummy or skull at feast to recall the
dead and to remind the guests that life
is short.
@. Where is the deepest man made
hole In the world?-E. E.
A. What Is believed to be the deep
est is an oil we'll In California, COM
pleted in 1888 to depth Of 15,0N feet.
@. What Is the per capita consump-
ton of milk?-E. B. E.
A. In 1912 the per capita consump-
ton OF fluid milk was 176 ITO quarts.
@. Is 1t true that the electric eye is
able to count faster than any other
known device?-P. F. B.
A. No mechanical device or human
being can count as fast as the electric
eye. 1t has been said that in counting
and sorting alone, the electric eye could
replace several million workers In In
dustry.
@. Does the San Jacinto monument In
Texas sway7-G. @.
A. Because Of the nature Of IL stone
composition, the heat Of the sun sways
the monument toward the west Q few
inches in the morning and toward the
east In the afternoon. It Is swayed sew.
eral inches by hard wind, but II u
claimed that the structure II % wen
built that 1t would not b endansered
Evening star., 1943-03-24

Hitler's recent speech shows that
the Reich is not as yet suffering seri-
ously from any shortage OF banana
oi1
Evening star., 1943-03-24
Huskin's Answers
To Questions
BIZ Frederic J. Hdsktn.

BY FTSueTIC y. ndSkIH.
A reader can get the ans,Der to any
question OF fact by priting The Epe-
ming Star Information Bureau. Fred
eric J. Haskin, director. Washington,
d. C. Please inclose stamp for return
postage.
@. What countries have Joined the
United Nations since the original 70
signed the declaration on January /,
1942?--A. B. S.
A. Since that time the following ma
tions have signed Philippine Islands,
June IA, 1912: Ethiopia, October ., 1912;
Iraq, January le, 1943; Brazil. March J,
1913; Mexico, June 13, 1942.
@. Is bat classified - . bird7-
D. Med.
A. A bat Is not . bird but q flying
mammal. Bats move about moro ex-
clusively by flying than any other group
OF animals for. unlike most birds, their
limbs and feet are not adapted for
walking.
Evening star., 1943-03-24

tenn. Why should large proportion Of
the worlds people, who are unfortunate
victims Of maddened rulers, be COM
PEELED to bow to Russian, Roosevelt or
Churchill rule without ever being con-
suited?
Evening star., 1943-03-24

@. How long were the McGuffey Read
ers used in schools?-V. B. r.
A. The first of the McGuffey Readers
appeared in 1886. They were used in 81
States. At least as recently as the early
1900's certain schools still used them.
Evening star., 1943-03-24

@. What is walkie -talkie?-E. L. H.
A. Walkie-talkie is portable radio
telephone by means of which two-way
communication is possible.
Evening star., 1943-03-24

@. Does the San Jacinto monument In
Texas swaya-G. @.
A. Because Of the nature Of II stone
composition, the heat Of the sun sways
the monument toward the west Q few
inches in the morning and toward the
east in the afternoon. 1t Is swayed sev-
eral inches by = hard wind, but n IL
claimed that the structure II % wen
built that It would not b endaneered
by . hurricane.
The Waterbury Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.) 1917-1946, 1943-03-18
What Price Food?

While we worry and grumble In this
country about what we eat and what we
viii eat from now on, there are other
countries who are having pretty slim
fare. And those things which can be
had, In many instances, are featured at
eNOrbitant prices In the so-called BLACK
markets" The Belgian black market &C.
cording to news from Belgium published
at O Belgian Information Center In New
York City gives some notorious prices for
food and also wearing apparel,
Take that wholesome commodity, oat-
meal. II all else, fails, you sometimes
think, ] could make q good meal on oat-
meal or Indian meal. But you couldn't
stake yourself to very great extent II
you were living In Belgium, as the price
there Is practically $500 the package. A
bar Of soap will rob you OF about 81, ana
salad oil about sic q quart, These are
"black market" prices In Belgium,
At these amazing prices food Is pretty
precious. The same goes for wearing APP
parel A mans overcoat would be from
1895 to $3.50. So 1t would be much bet
ter to stick to you4 old coat over there
provided you had one. Women's shoes
are about $780, With these prices star
ing one In the face there would be rea-
son for alarm.
While we may be up against 1t here IN
this country as compared to what we
have been accustomed we do not
very often see our children under
nourished and dying Of starvation. This
Is not an uncommon occurrence IN Bel
GUM and other European countries. SO
e goes and will 60 until the end which
we hope Is In sight.
The Waterbury Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.) 1917-1946, 1943-03-18
Puerto Rican Governor

President RooseVelts recommendation
that Puerto Rico be permitted to elect
her own governor Is fine gesture. SO
is Senator Tydings' counter-proposal
that Peurto Rico be given complete indie
pendence. Both sound democratic in
differing degrees, and both are imprac-
teal To set our Caribbean territory
free at such a time as this, severing the
bonds that tie to her a subsidization
averaging $25,000000 a year. would be
heartless cruelty and Sinking Of long
ignored American responsibility. To
permit her to elect her own governor,
without substituting some brake equally
drastic and more onerous than now exists,
would be almost equally criminal. We took
Puerto Rico from Spain more than A
wears ago by force of arms. We have
done something In the intervening years
to educate the people, and little for
their economic welfare. But all that we
have done has not been enough to offset
the adverse effect Of ever-increasing over
population.
The jibaro - the Puerto Rican peas
ant - has neither the developed intel
lect, the education nor the awakened
alertness and seasoned judgment neces-
sary to make democracy function under
stress. And II either the Roosevelt or the
Tydings proposal were adopted, he would
take up his civic obligations at time OF
stress equivalent to that in the States in
1883. He had been guided, herded, pro-
tected and simultaneously exploited. He
never has shifted for himself. He Is a
fall guy for any demagog with good
line. He values his vote, historically, at
SO cents an election. He is utterly unfit
Cor independence. He is equally unfit
for the responsibility of carrying on
without goYgrnor in position to apply at
Least negative (veto) control over bis
The Waterbury Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.) 1917-1946, 1943-03-18

Most Rev. Arthur Cardinal Hlnsley,
Archbishop of Westminster and primate
Of the Roman Catholic church in Great
Britain, was an outspoken religious lead
Or, England loses q great churchman
and individual in his passing, On eco
nonic and religious matters he spoke
with persuasion and vigor, His last pub
ic message, perhaps, was a Lenten pas
soral letter.
Against the Axis powers he was most
vehement in his utterances, He con-
slemned In strong terms both Na2iism
and Fascism, calling the former "the
arch-enemy of mankind" In similar
terms he described Fascism as bitter
enemy. He fought both, Nazlism and
Fascism, with all the strength that could
be put into written and spoken words
As Roman Catholic head Of Great Brit
ain at this time his loss Is very great. He
was a distinguished churchman, man
OF the people, whose viewpoint was sound
and logical He had the respect Of all in
the countries of Great Britain and con-
Quoted the archdiocese with scrupulous
but understanding wisdom; wisdom based
Oh the teachings Of his faith and circum-
scrihed by an inherent piety and devo-
ton to the tenets and standards Of his
religion,
The Waterbury Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.) 1917-1946, 1943-03-18

tive Committee, Judge Higgins
said, thorugh he admitted such
IN appeal probably would be
o useless gesture,
There were other cases OF this
kind most OF them with Chief
Justice O'Neill and two other
judges vigorously dissenting, All
OF them occurred during the days
when senators Ellender and Over
ton were acting as glorified mes.
senger boys for Hey Long, ~
they are now for the remnants OF
the Huey Long machine In trying
TO get judge Higgins appointed TO
an exalted post OH the U. 3. Cir.
cult Court Of Appeals.
Il h possible 70 undeFStand
why Democratic Senators Gerry
Of Rhode Island, or Bailey or
North Carolina, or Walter
George Of Georgia, can side with
the Louisiana senators. They
dislike Roosevelt more even than
they did Huey Long, But II II
going 20 be awfully difficult for
righteous Republicans 70 explain
why they now play into the
hands Of Huey L0ngism.
Copyright, i043, BY United
Feature syndicate, 1nco
The Waterbury Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.) 1917-1946, 1943-03-18
We Want Hitler

A dlScouraging rumor is circulating
again in London that Adolf Hitler,
one-time Austrian painter, Is dead, We
hope that this is not true, Perchance the
report is just a symptom of British
pessimiSm,
Hitler, an extrovert who used to get his
name into the papers by indulging In
certain criminal practices, had become
recently a useful ally of the United Ma
tons. Under his intuitive guidance Axis
armies over-extended themselves and be-
gan losing war that they had previously
won. After Herr Hitler'S disappearance,
It took the generals many weeks TO arrest
the debacle he had inspired. Even yet
they have not really succeeded,
We could have spared Hitler at any
time prior to about l94l. Now he has
become our buddy. We hope he will leave
Berchtesgaden, where we hear he Is holed
up, and reasSume personal command at
the front, That might save thousands
of valuable lives, We want Hitler.
The Waterbury Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.) 1917-1946, 1943-03-18
Pressure on Martinique

Stoppage OF food exports to Martinique
will meet with the approval Of most
Americans, We may have no good ethical
right to apply military pressure to that
French island-although even that Is de-
batable. But certainly we are not obli-
gated to feed a regime that deliberately is
stringing along with Hitler.
So long as there was q nominally lnde-
pendent Vichy government to which most
French colonies gave allegiance, Admiral
Roberts had talking point for his declin-
alton to join the allies Now he Is hold
ing out alone while almost every other
Frenchman not cowed by NaZi troops Is
fighting for freedom. Let him ask Hitler
for food
The Waterbury Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.) 1917-1946, 1943-03-18
Current Comment

The people OF the Soviet Union so
far have waged their magnificent
battle against the Nazis principally
with their own arms.
-Lend-Lease Administrator Ed
ward r. Stettinius.
Only skilled technicians can OPP
crate democracy, but intelligent and
responsible direction Is the first
necessity II the mechanisms are
not to run aTnuck.
President Everett Case OF Col
gate University.
In this war we are fighting for
our own independence. but we are
also fighting for the liberation Of
all oppressed peoples Of Asia.
Such is our pronounced policy.
Map. Gen. Chu Shih Ming OF
Chinese embassy.
We must do our utmost in or
der TO avoid the sad happenings
OF 1918.
Nicholas Won Kallay. Hungary's
quisling prime minister.
Some sort OF an international
role for this country Is oinevttable.
World wide war makes that more
certain than ever heretofore.
ALI M. London.
The Waterbury Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.) 1917-1946, 1943-03-18

So he damned q bill through the
legislature permitting his gang to
appoint thirteen new members,
After their appointment, the new
Huey Long members brought
suit against tho old members to
prevent them from doing business,
The lower court refused TO issue
the injunction, But In the SUI
preme Court, Judge Higgins came
TO the rescue OF his old friend,
the KingfiSh, and wrote an opinion
reversing the lower court.
In another famous case, one
OF Huey's political opponents,
Dudley Leblanc was running for
Louisiana Public Service Com.
missioner. But Huew packed
the ballot for Commissioners Of
election with dummy candidates
who would pass on LeBlanc'S
election. Leblanc sued, and In
the trial, the defendants admit
ted they were not bona flde
candidates,
But despite this, Judge Higgins
In q 4-3 opinion ruled for the
Long crowd on the ground that
Leblanc had not exhausted his
remedies. He should have first
appealed to Huey Longs e%ecu-
The Waterbury Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.) 1917-1946, 1943-03-18

chlldishneSs,
Moreover, 80 far rs Senator Tydlngs'
proposal Is concerned, we need Puerto
Rico for The defense Of the western hem
isphere. Il Is aptly called the Pearl Har.
Dor Of the Atlantic. Our domination Of
the island probably doubles the safety
of the Panama Canal.
In selfishness and In charity we must
keep Puerto Rico, must retain control
until In course Of years we can educate
the peasantry TO some capacity for self
government, must relieve the intense and
almost general misery of the jibaro.
Is that undemocraticp At least 1t is
humane and Christian.
The Waterbury Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.) 1917-1946, 1943-03-18
The King L. In The Castle

There was nothing to that story that
Mr., and Mrs. George Windsor Of London
and their daughter, Elizabeth, had gone
into industrial plants and were either
making precision parts for q gun or cam
outage nets to hide artillery
The Windsors are doing war work Of a
different type They are inspiring the
British people with living proof that
democracy Is as democracy does - that IT
isn't what your government Is called,
that matters, but how 1t functions.
Much as England may need more man.
power, she needs the King, the Queen
and Princess Elizabeth In Buckingham
Castle much more.
The Waterbury Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.) 1917-1946, 1943-03-18
In Today's Mail

sure Of Intolerance, pressure Of
want"
Page z. quote: The United States
fights TO preserve this heritage,
which Is the very essence OF the
Four Freedoms. How, unless there
Is freedom Of speech, can freedom OF
religion or freedom from want or
freedom from fear be realizedp The
enemies Of all liberty flourish and
grow strong In the dark OF enforced
silence"
Page 8. Quote: That part Of man
which Is called spirit and which be-
longs only to himself and to his God
is OF the very first concern In de-
signing a free world. It was not
their stomachs but their immortal
souls which brought the first set
tiers to Americas shores and they
prayed before they ate. Freedom Of
conscience, the right TO worship God
Is part Of our soil and Of the sky
above this continent. Freedom Of
worship implies that the individual
has O source of moral values which
transcends the immediate necessity
of the community. 1t is one thing
to pay taxes to the state-this men
will do; 1t Is another to submit their
conscience TO the state-this they
politely decline. The wise commun-
lty respects this mysterious quality
in the individual and makes its
plans accordingly.
To-day the struggle of mans spir-
1t Is against new and curious shack
les. Today a new monstrosity has
shown itself on earth, seven days
wonder, new child of tryranny-a
political religion in which the lead
er Of the state becomes. himself. an
object Of worship and reverence and
In which the individual becomes
corpuscle in the blood Of the COM
munity almost without identity. This
The Waterbury Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.) 1917-1946, 1943-03-18
WRITER AGAIN BRINGS VI
QUESTION OF REQUIRING
CHILDREN SALUTE FLAG
Berlin, Conn.
March Is, i04S.

March IS, 1913,
Dear Mr.. Editor:
Press articles tell us that the U. s.
Supreme Court will re-argue the
constitutions::;y of requiring school
children to salute the flag and that
the Court Is likely TO reverse It's 1910
decision.
Briefs have been submitted by the
bill Of rights committee Of the Amer
lean Bar Association, the American
Civil Liberties Union and In opposi.
ton we note the American Legion Is
defending the flag salute.
In view Of what happened when
dictionaries tried to storm o Con-
vention of Jehova.l's witnesses IN
Detroit. many people who have not
ed their activities OF late are not
surprised. Their attitud, Is defin.
itely dn-American and their atten-
ton shoulo be turned to more I'M
portant matters effecting the vel
fare Of the nation rather than pick
ing on small children whose parents
are trying 10 bring them up "in the
nurture of the Lord" as a sacred
responsibility. See Ephesians ga. II
must be understood that good citiz-
ems are not made so by merely fore
ing them to salute flags or emblems
In this day and age we hear much
about BLACK Markets" and racket
GERS who engage in such practices
for the profit 1t will bring to them
selves and to the detriment Of the
people. Probably many or all OF
them are flag saluting" citizens.
but have no love for God or for their
fellow men.
The American Legion would do
well TO get copies Of the -Four Free
doms" from the Office Of War In.
formation, Washington. d. G. and
note the following quotations: Page
4. "A person denied to worship In
his own way has thereby lost the
linack OF free speech. for unless he
Is free to exercise his religious con-
science. his privilege Of free speech
teven though not specifically denied)
Is meaningless. The first two free
dOms-freedom of speech and free
dom Of religion are cultural. They
are prerogatives OF the thinking
man. OF the creative and civilized
human being. Sometimes. as In the
United States. they are guaranteed
by organic Law. To be free a man
must live in a society which have re-
lieved those curious pressures which
consplre TO make men slaves; pres
sure Of q despotlc government. pres
The Waterbury Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.) 1917-1946, 1943-03-18
WELL, WHO WoULpN,Ts

You seemingly contradict yourself
on the subject Of vltAmin A. IN
your BRADY Baby Book" YOU cay:
who knows anything about the
function Of VltaImin A IN the human
economy anyway Then In your
column on Personal Precautions
Against Pneumonia recently you IN.
eluded vltamin A with optlmAl fa.
tons OF vltamln D complex and
Vltamin ., 10 build and maintain
the highest degree Of Immunity
against the orl." (Mrs, n. NJ
When I wrote that part Of the
baby book, which You have. Ma'am,
we were Just beginning 10 set Vita
min A divorced from vltamin p,
You see II Is not 10 many years ego
(iD22) that McCollum and his oo-
workers demonstrated the existence
Of Vltamln D-prior 10 that time
we knew only VltanAln A and we
thought II wAs 1.-THE fat soluble"
vitaniln responsible for ell the eff
fects which have since been shown
10 be due 10 both A and ., Usually
A and D occur naturally together,
a. In fish liver oils, and that ae-
counts for much confusion In the
earlier studies and observations OF
the functions OF vitamlnS In nutri.
ton,
Today there Ii hardly sufnelent
evidence 10 support the theory that
vltamln A plays On important role
In maintaining or building inimu'
nifty against the orl tkree.-commo
respiratory infeetionO, although II
u fairly well established that nat
urAl VltAmin A 10 essential 10 main
tain healthy state Of Inueoul
membranes, Oplthelial surfaces par
tlcularly, and hence II SENS EeaSons
AblO OF believe II may serve 10 pre-.
vent germs OF the respiratory dis.
eases from invading the mucous
membrane.
30 I'll let the vltamin A stand
% "a, In tho article on prevention
Of pneumonia and In 1.-THE Brady
Baby Book"--for copy OF the baby
book send ten cents coin and three.
cent stamped envelope bearing your
address,
But X you ASK me, bot more
store by Vltamln D ~ o prophylae'
tic against the cri. believe chill.
dren with Abnormally large tonSilS
and perhaps adenoidS need 0 large
daily ration Of Vltamin ID, and !
further believe this will do more
good than vitalnin A can do In such
circumstance.
Old readers know ! am hard
boiled skeptie. ] never forget that
our friend John J. Coincidence II
stlll IN practice. However,, have
been much impressed by the RppRr.
emit efficacy OF vitanaln D against
the erl, enlarged tonSllS, adenales,
asthmRtio symptoms and symptoms
Of sinus trouble. Young tnfantS
may take II IN the form Of u taste
less solution OF Vitamin D In vege-
table oil. Older children may take
II In O pleasant tablet combined
with some Vitnmin B.conpleX,
which they need, Any one with
acute symptoms may take u viz
nose drops OF o solution OF WCamin
D In neutral oil, with some menthol
and methyl Salicylato to relieve the
Stufiiness and irritation In nose or
throat at the same time, ] com.
mend such use Of vitamin d DO
cause, II u does no good at oil, ~
least II can do no harm,
The Waterbury Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.) 1917-1946, 1943-03-18

Not so long ago woman's army was
unheard OF. Then along came the first
girls and women In uniform. But they
were looked upon more or less, as models
for uniforms, WAACS, WAVES and so
on. They were pictured in the daily
press, in the movies; the cartoonists had
and are still having lot of fun with
them and about them. Then you began
to see them on your own city streets. You
began to realize they were not Just on
parade. They were doing job, even
as YOU and I. This week the Womens
Army Auxiliary Corps at Des Moines
sent out their 10Th class to release sol
diers from front-line duty In eight
months $4,000 women in uniform have
been sent out from Des Moines to take
up their duties. They hope to tell you
they are out to do big job. And they
don't mean maybe.
The Waterbury Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.) 1917-1946, 1943-03-18

Mans best friend, the dog, Is going
to get fair deal II plan formulated by
Booth Harrington, the novelist, Is put IN
to practice. This idea for stray dogs Will
be tried In Indianapolis where the City
Council will establish downtown mu-
nicipal pet shop, strays to be sold at 81
the dog. Humane treatment for the dogs
so placed Is also guaranteed, In letter
Harrington speaks of mans devoted
companion, the dog, No other animal,
he says, Is so close to man. Dog lovers
and those who have ever owned dog can
well appreciate this fact. A dog never
resents reprimand, scolding and punish
ment; nor does he harbor revenge against
man. The dog he says, "makes man his
God, worships him, adores him, living
near him and pleasing him." From
which words it can be judged that
Harrington knows dogs and loves them.
So he becomes the champion OF the 81
dog out in his native Hoosier state.