davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-05-16
Bad Weather May Be Slowing
Drive Against Jops on Attu
Navy Silent Since Word Operations
In A|eutions Were Progressing Satisfactorily

tempting to prepare their people
accordingly.
A German broadcast quoted Gen
Sadao Araki, former Japanese min.
lister of war, as declaring with ref
erence to Attu that "setbacks there
and at home will only increase our
strength" and in no wise could
affect the will to victory and GER
tainly of victory of the Japanese
people"
There still was no indication OF
the size of the forces involved, but
it was assumed that whatever they
were, the battle would be costly
and the Japanese probably would
have to be blown out of every cave
and shelter, man by man. before
complete consolidat of American
positions on Attu.
Such operations, informed au-
thorities explained, could be COM
Evening star., 1943-05-16
House Naval Group Demands
Soi|or-CIerks Be Sent to Sea
Sharply Critieizes Use Of 5000 Here
For Desk Jobs-G Could Perform

for limited service since last Septem-
ber, the Navy has not taken them
since the war began.
The subcommittee declared there
was no apparent justification for
bringing to Washington thousands
of youths representing the flower Of
American manhood" to perform
clerical duties, and added that "the
retention in Washington of any sub
stantial number of healthy, young
enlisted men seems inexcusable.
This is particularly true" the in
vestigating group declared, "in the
light of the present shortage of men
qualified and eligible for active
duty"
Navy officials. the subcommittee
said, have indicated from time to
(NAVY PERSONNEL. Pare A-90
Evening star., 1943-05-16
House COP Confident
OF Strength 10 Pass
Senate Tax Bill
Predict Il Will Reach
President by Wednesday;
Foes Count on Veto

Jubilant and confident, House
Republicans yesterday claimed
sufficient strength to lay the
Senate-approved skip-a-year tax
bill on President Roosevelt's
desk by Wednesday, while sew
eral Democratic foes pinned
their hopes on a veto.
The Republican shortcut strategy
centered around a move to finish
congressional action on the modified
Ruml bill without sending it to con-
ference for reconciling differences
between the Senate and House
measures.
This could be done by adoption
of House motion to recede from
its position and concur with the
Senate. On the last test, the House
rejected the Ruml plan by the slim
margin of 206 to 204 before adopt
ing a compromise canceling the
obligations for the last year of about
80 per cent of the taxpayers. The
Senate bill, on the other hand
would abate taxes for virtually
every one, canceling individual 1evies
for either this year or last, which
ever are lower.
Probable Steps Forecast.
Some legislators, discounting the
Republican shortcut plans, said the
procedure to be followed probably
would take these steps:
l. An agreement to send the bill to
conference.
2. A floor fight over a motion to
instruct the House delegates to ac-
cept the Ruml plan. If adopted,
such a motion would be tantamount
to passage Of the bill.
3. Then, If the Ruml plan is ap-
proved, meeting of the Conferences
to remove technical bugs" in the
bill.
The views OF most House members
(gao TAYEC pA0o A-e0
Evening star., 1943-05-16
BY MIRIAM GUTENBERG.

Sharply criticizing the Navy
for using more than 5000 healthy
sailors for clerical work here, a
House Naval Affairs Subcommit-
tee yesterday demanded that the
Navy start drafting men with
physical defects for Washington
desk jobs.
The subcommittee pointed to the
large group of sailors who have met
the high physical standards required
by the Navy and now are perform
ing purely clerical functions on
shore while. in other parts of the
country, the Selective Service Sys-
tenn is taking men with physical
handicaps and with families"
Although the Army has been ac-
cepting men with physical defects
Evening star., 1943-05-16
Army Dise|oses Use
OF War Prisoners in
Missouri Flood Zone
Axis Volunteers Helped
Sondboe Crevosses in
Mississippi Levee
(Pictures on Page A-15.)


By the Associated Press.
ST. LOUIS, May 15.-United
States Army engineers disclosed
today that Axis prisoners of war
had been utilized for emergency
flood control work along the
Mississippi River in the Ste.
Genevieve (Mo) levee district.
The prisoners, working on a VOL
untary basis, sandbagged Is crevas-
ses in the levee, saving 1000 acres
OF rich farm land from imminent
inundation. Each man was paid
80 cents for an eight-hour day, in
addition to his regular allowance,
as a prisoner, of sum equivalent
to his army pay.
Regular prisoner uniforms-blue
jackets, laced trousers and leggings
were worn along with special rub
Der boots issued for the occasion.
The initial 'P. w." for prisoner of
war;" appeared on the back of each
jacket and some had the same
initials on the seats of their pants
The nationality of the prisoners,
their number and the camp where
they are interned were not disclosed.
Authority to use them as an emer-
gency measure was obtained from
the Seventh Service command at
Omaha by Col. Lawrence B. Feagin.
st. Louis Army district engineer,
after farmers had requested aid,
fearing their lands would be flooded.
The prisoner detachment began
work Thursday afternoon Of last
week and completed repair OF the
levee by Friday evening. Divided
into shifts, they worked through
the night under the glare OF flood
lights.
The prisoners formed an organi-
zation of their own to do the work.
They elected one man as d SER
geant and the Army Engineers
transmitted their orders to him
through a civilian inspector, who
spoke their native language.
Working with will, sometimes
breaking into dog trot, they filled
and placed 10000 sandbags at
threatened points as the river rose
along the levee. @
One prisoner, speaking through
the interpreter, said he was tired
after five hours Of the unaccustomed
labor but added II he were given q
few days experience, he would DEM
onstrate "how to do a good days
work."
Evening star., 1943-05-16
Hitler Signs Decree
Continuing His Rule
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
LONDON. May 15.-Adolph Hitler
has signed a decree continuing in
definitely his tenure as one-man boss
of Germany.
A DNB report on the German
radio said tonight the decree was
published in the German Legal Gaz.
ette and continues the powers
granted Hitler by the law of March
"a, 1888, which expired on May 10
1943.
The decree must be rubber
stamped by the Reichstag, which is
expected to meet soon at Hitler's call
for that purpose.
Evening star., 1943-05-16
Swarms Of Bombers
Garry War Close
To Heart Of Italy
Allied Shipping Moves
Virtually UnmoIested
In Mediterranean
BY EDWARD KENNEDY,


ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN
NORTH AFRICA, May 15.-The
realities OF war moved close to
the heart of Italy today.
Swarms of Allied bombers were
using North African airdromes for
continued systematic destruction of
the remains Of Mussolini's empire,
and Allied shipping swept virtually
unmolested through the Mediterra-
mean.
Air Chief Marshal Sir Arthur
William Tedder, commander of all
Allied air forces in this theater,
declared the Mediterranean was
open to the United Nations and
said Allied supply vessels now could
Evening star., 1943-05-16
IA Die in Army Plane
Near Morganton, n. {.
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
MORGANTON, n. c., May 15.-
A large Army airplane crashed on
Gingercake Mountain, about IS
miles north of here, today and all
IA occupants were killed.
Residents of the area told civilian
officers who arrived soon after the
accident that they had counted IA
bodies. strewn over an area of 500
to 600 feet.
Soldiers arrived few hours after
the crash and posted guards about
tho scene.
Evening star., 1943-05-16
100 Jap Planes
Attack Troops
On New Guinea
American Positions
Near SuIumunu
Target of Bombers
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN
AUSTRALIA, Sunday, May 10
The Japanese hurled more than
100 planes against Allied troop
positions in New Guinea yester-
day, attacking American and
Australian forces miles south
of Salamaua with one of the
heaviest dive-bomber forces yet
employed.
The raiders, including 40 dive
bombers, struck after dawn at Bob
dubi, village recently seized by
the Allies in an attempt to cut off
enemy supplies to their troops at
Mubo, II miles below Salamaua.
They also sent "a planes against
Wau, Allied base with an airdrome,
IS miles southwest of Salamaua.
They met no opposition at either
point from Allied planes. Indicat-
ing they have recently reinforced
their hard pressed forces at Lac and
Salamaua - forces reported near
starvation for many weeks - the
japanese attacked sharply on the
ground at Bobdubi while the dive
bombers harried Allied troops from
the air.
Allies Counterattack.
But the Allied ground troops re-
pulsed the enemy and counterat-
tackled sharply. Last reports were
that the battle was swaying back
and forth with the enemy still at
tempting with determination to
drive the Allied force out of their
advanced position.
The japanese ground attack
opened at dawn as nine of their
bombers, escorted by Is fighters,
hammered Allied troops which we're
not protected from the air.
Then the dive bombers came in.
That was the largest dive bombing
force the japanese had employed
since Al raided Buna several weeks
ago.
At Wau, Allied troops also lacked
air assistance, but the 20 high-flying
enemy bombers, escorted by IA
fighters, failed to cause damage or
casualties with their bombs.
Preliminary reports from Bobdubi
were that, despite the lack of inter-
ception, the enemy raiders caused
only slight casualties, possibly due
to the jungle covering enjoyed by
the Australians and Americans.
Elsewhere japanese raiders did
not fare so we'll In air fights rang
ing over wide area, they lost 10
planes.
One enemy bomber was downed
(See PACIFIC, Page A-5.)
Evening star., 1943-05-16
New British Sub Sunk,
Survivors Picked Up
By the A.xoci.t.d press

BY the Associated Press.
LONDON, May 15.-The new sub
marine Splendid has been sunk, the
Admiralty announced tonight. The
Germans first reported the sinking
and said survivors had been rescued,
the Admiralty noted.
The undersea craft is so new that
1t is not listed In James Fighting
Ships.
The Germans said the Splendid
was sunk in the Mediterranean by
the Destroyer Hermes, which. was
captured from Greece,
Evening star., 1943-05-16
Won Arnim Reported
Lodged in Palace of
Gibraltar Governor
By the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
LA LINEA, Spain, Sunday,
May 16.-Col. Gen. Jurgen Won
Arnim, German commander
captured in Tunisia, was lodged
in the palace of the military
governor of Gibraltar, 1t. Gen.
Frank Noel Mason MacFarlane,
on his arrival last night, reports
reaching La Linea said today.
Won Arnim, eight other Nazi
generals and three italian gen.
erals including Gen. Giovanni
Messe, were reported by the
Spanish news agency Cifra to
have reached Gibraltar in sev-
eral four-engined planes from
Tunisla. The other generals
were lodged in the military hos
pital in rooms prepared for
them.
The generals are en- route to
Great Britain, it was said.
pictures on Page AID
Evening star., 1943-05-16
BY THOMAS r. HENRY,
Star Staff Correspondent.

BIZERTE, May IA Delayed ALI
day the shells of buildings along
Bizerte's palm lined Avenue de la
Republique have echoed the Justify
sung marching songs of desert
tanned soldiers in dusty brown uni
forms and with heavy blue KNAPP
sacks over their backs as they
marched in perfect step, eyes front
and heads erect, to board ships
which will carry them to captivity
In another land.
The tune Of one OF these songs
was strangely familiar although used
with German words: TITS . Long
Evening star., 1943-05-16
Captured Nuzis in Bizerte Sino
on Way to Ships

way, To Tpperary." Another had a
chorus starting, "Oh, Du. Schoene, !"
which in English would be some
thing like, 'Oh You Cutie"
Leaning against the. wall of a
wrecked house, festooned with
blue morning glories, this reporter
watched company after company OF
these men, more than 1000 in all,
hle past In what might easily have
been mistaken for a victory parade
were it not for single armed Brit
ish guards behind each company.
The captured men looked In un-
believably good shape. Their clothes
were neat. Most were clean shaven
(See HENRY, Page A-6J
Evening star., 1943-05-16

move the length of the sea with
negligible risk.
1--WE face our next job with the
knowledge that we have thrashed
the enemy. and a determination to
thrash him again. Marshal Tedder
told all ranks of the Allied Air
Forces in message which praised
them for their magnificent team
work" in showing the world "the
strength of air power"
Ships in Harbor Hit.
The war came close to Rome yes.
terday when Maj. Gen. James H
Doolittle's Flying Fortresses made
a heavy raid 81 miles from the CAPT.
tai, at the port of Civitavecchia, ter.
minal Of ferry to Sardinia.
The city is the site of an arsena,
and extensive cement plants. Wher
the bombs stopped raining dowr
from the Flying Fortresses the fires
IN Civitavecchia (old city, could be
seen for 60 miles. Direct hits were
Evening star., 1943-05-16
Job Sterilization Plan
Becomes Effective
In Washington Area
Civil Service Is Allowed
To Recruit New Workers
Without USES Clearance
(Tert of Plan, Page A-14.)

GU W Z kuHs USC A-4S1
Washington's employment sta
bilization plan, approved yester-
day by the local Labor-manage-
ment Committee, will give the
Civil Service Commission the
right to recruit Government
workers throughout the country
without clearing it's orders
through the United States En-
ployment Service, it was learned
last night.
This provision in the local plan
is the only important difference be-
tween the Washington and the re-
gional plan which became effective
at noon yesterday and covers Wash
ington until local plan is adopted.
The local labor management
committee approved the plan late
yesterday after an eightshour ses-
sion to iron out the main points Of
difference between the local and
regional plans.
Effective This Week.
After final editing, the plan will
be submitted to War Manpower
Commission Regional Director Leo
Werts for his approval tomorrow.
1t is expected to become effective
some time this week.
Although District Government
employees not under Civil Service
are excluded from the regional
plan, it was understood the Com
missioners will be extended an in
vitation to come under the local
plan.
If the Commissioners agree, Dis
trict employees will be under the
same regulations as other Washing
ton workers.
Like the regional plan, the local
plan requires that workers in es-
sential activities must have a state
ment of availability before changing
jobs. These statements may be given
If the worker is discharged, laid off
can use his skills to better advan-
tage on another job or has COM
pelling personal reasons" for max
ing change.
The local plan will carry the same
provisions as the regional plan fol
control of migration of workers into
and out Of the area except in the
case Of recruiting outside the area
by the Civil Service Commission.
The regional plan requires that
Evening star., 1943-05-16
German Planes Strufe
British Coastal Area
By the Associated Press.

6y the ASSoc1ateo Press.
LONDON, May 15.-Low-flying
German planes attacked two coastal
towns in East Anglia tonight with
bombing and strafing raids. causing
damage and casualties.
At one Of the towns seven Focke-
Wulfs swept over the streets with
their machine guns blazing. Several
persons were believed trapped in
wreckAge.
One Of the attackers was shot down
into the sea by fighters and another
enemy plane was downed by the
RAJ over the southwest coast In
the afternoon.
Evening star., 1943-05-16

issues, The Star has made care
ful examination Of the developments
which form the background Of this
case and has attempted to present
here q record which is confined, The
Star believes to the available facts
The Presidents Committee on Fair
Employment Practice was created
by m executive order In June, l941
In this order the Chief Executive
reamrmed the policy Of the United
(Continued on Page AS, Col. ~
Evening star., 1943-05-16

UdCIUIldI UIIXuI.
This case has been widely dis
cussed in Washington as an issue
which, on the surface, at least, ap-
pears to place the Capital Transit
Co. in the position Of refusal to
comply with an executive. order to
show no discrimination against the
employment Of Negro bus and street
car operators. It has been the
source of considerable publicity and
Of many rumor5.
With no attempt to prejudge the
Evening star., 1943-05-16
PIune Crush Kills 8 BOYS

LONDON, May IS R.-A plane
crashed In q cricket field ~ Bath
today, killing the pilot and eight
boys watching match. Twelve were
injured.
Evening star., 1943-05-16
Hearing Set Tuesday in Case
Involving CoIored Bus Drivers
The stor Presents Chronology Of Events
Involving Capital Transit Co. Policy

The Presidents Committee Fair Employment Practice
known FEPCw hold public hearing Tuesday
whether the Capital Transit complied provisions
Of Executive Order 1902 tile directions committee
there shall discrimination employment workers
defense industries creed
Evening star., 1943-05-16

(See RAIDS, Page A-40
Evening star., 1943-05-16

(See RUSSIA, Page A-6.)
Evening star., 1943-05-16

(See JOBS, Page A-15.)
Evening star., 1943-05-16

(See AFRICA. Page A-70
Evening star., 1943-05-16

(See ATTU, Page A-5.)
Evening star., 1943-05-16

(See GASOLINE, Page A-4.)
Evening star., 1943-05-16

The Evening and Sunday Star IS
delivered in the city and suburbs at
80c per month when Sundays; 90c
per month when S Sundays. The
Night Final Edition and Sunday
Morning Star at 90c when Sun
days; $100 when Sundays.
Evening star., 1943-05-16

From the United States Weather Bureau Report
Windy and somewhat warmer with in
yesterday: Highest, 60, at 4 pm; lowest,
10, at 2 am; 81 at II am.
Evening star., 1943-05-16

(See TAXES, Page A-6.)
Evening star., 1943-05-16

(Oontmued on Page AS, Col. -
Evening star., 1943-02-12
Schools
Continued From First Page.)

by the deans to the commanders of
the various Army service commands,
and those recommendations, it was
said, doubtless will be followed as a
matter of routine.
The courses will vary in length
according to the subjects taken. The
shortest course in mechanical en-
gineering will require six quarters of
IL weeks each. Electrical and civil
engineering, for instance, will extend
for seven quarters. No attempt will
be made to extend existing set ups
for medical courses which are al
ready under heavy pressure.
Will Get More Languages.
Soldiers assigned to the so-called
foreign area" studies will attend
classes extending from months to
Is months. In addition to the one
language they had previously taken
in school, each man will be assigned
an additional foreign language.
Soldiers completing the ordinary
technical courses will be sent back to
the field with the rank of technical
sergeants, and will then have an ex-
cellent opportunity of being selected
to attend an officer candidate school.
The officials dispelled the belief
that the bulk of the ASTP soldier
students would become officers with
the fighting forces.
Evening star., 1943-02-12

with a view toward saving the busi-
nessman or the Government time
and money, and, "in many in
stances" were prepared without re-
gard for the accounting practices
of the particular industry.
Where the purposes Of the form
were clear many superfluous ques-
tions had been added.
The committee said Its investi-
cations had shown that many of
these reports served no useful pur-
pose, that many of them are filed
away by the Government, and the
information contained in them is
not tabulated
One company furnished the COM
mittee with information regarding
the cost of preparation OF ques-
tionnaires. 1t set forth that "a
agencies Of the Government re-
quested information.
The number of types of question
naires was 1874; 24,160 reports were
submitted; for the preparation of
these reports l32,560 man-hours
were required, and the cost of the
personnel to compile the reports
was $l92 500.
Evening star., 1943-02-12
Of new money by borrowing from

Of new money by borrowing from
banks.
While budget receipts are expected
to increase sharply. it said. the in
crease will fall short of meeting the
growth in expenditures. In the next
l8 months, the board estimated,
budget receipts, on the basis Of exist
ing revenue legislation, will finance
slightly less than a third of total
expenditures.
The national debt, the board said.
is expected to reach s2l1 ,000, ,OO0, 900
by next year.
Although conceding the rapid
growth in purchase of Government
securities by non-banking investors
was the most striking recent de-
velopment in Government financ-
ing" the board said this group still
possesses large untapped sources of
money.
Evening star., 1943-02-12
Reserve Board Urges
Action 10 Control
|nfIationary Trends
Predicts Shorp Rise in
Business and Incomes
For Next 18 Months
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
The Federal Reserve Board today
called for concerted action by the
Government and full cooperation
by the public to control "inflation-
ary pressures' due to heavy war ex-
penditures.
The board said business firms and
individuals would have greatly in
creased incomes during the next 10
months and warned that If they at
tempt to spend their funds even
as actively as they did in 1912. the
pressure on prices would be seri-
GUS"
Taxes. Bond Buying Urged.
Wider public buying of Govern
ment securities and enactment of
tax legislation to siphon off at least
SIG 200, ,000, 900 in taxes or savings
or both as recommended by Presi-
dent Roosevelt we're advocated by
the board.
It's views appeared in its monthly
bulletin published today and fol-
lowed Secretary of the Treasury
Morgenthau's announcement yes
terday that a new Victory fund
drive will be made in April.
The Secretary said he would be-
gin conferences with Reserve Board
officials on the program Tuesday,
adding that the Treasury's goal in
the new drive would be "at least as
much, If not more" than in the first
campaign in December.
At that time, the Treasury sought
So, ,000, ,000,0 900 and sold nearly S13,-
000,000,000 in Government securi-
ties, the greatest financing opera
ton in history.
Larger Budgets Expected.
The Reserve Board said the pro-
gram developed by the Treasury In
cooperation with the Federal Re-
serve System In 1912 had in mind
the raising Of as much funds as pos
sible from current income and for
holding to minimum the creation
Evening star., 1943-02-12

are ready to present to the Soviet
Union parts of the latter's own ter
ritory, as, for instance, the Baltic
republics? These persons pretend
not to know that the basic law of
our country-the Constitution of
the U. S. S. R.-has fixed the ties be-
tween these republics and the other
union republics, and that the Red
Army heroically fights for the
honor, independence and integrity
of our state"
Question Not Open.
In view of Pravda's official func-
ton, this statement is considered
an authoritative reminder from
Moscow that the future status of
Bessarabia is no more open to ques-
ton than the future status of Cali
fornia or Alaska and that the Baltic
republics are considered by the
Soviet Union as parts of the lat
ter's own territory"
Diplomats here also were quick to
note, however. that the Pravda ar
ticle does not mention Eastern
Poland. occupied by Soviet troops
under the 1889 Polish-partition
agreement with Germany. Wheth-
er this means the status Of that re-
gion is left open for future discus
sion is not clear, but such an
implication could be drawn.
In considering the Soviet policy
toward certain areas Of Eastern Eu-
rope it should be remembered that
the U. S. S. R. never recognized the
Rumanian annexation OF Bessarabia
in 1918. that not only Estonia, Lat
via and Lithuania but Finland and
Eastern Poland were part of Russia
under the czars.