davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-01-14
Two Different Things

The new Congress is feeling its oats, and that is good. There is no possible way of knowing yet whether the promise will be kept, but from both sides of the aisle come assurances that the peoples representatives intend to function boldly and aggresSively from now on. There are two obvious reasons for this One is the relatively even party split with gen. erally conservative southern Democrats holding balance of power between their nominal kinsmen from other sections and the Republican minority. There can be no administration Steanroller this SeS- sion The other reason is the conclusion, based upon last November's election results, that the voters want Congress to be alert, aggressive and independent. We hope that congressman will have in mind that what the public asks is results, rather than gestures. No sensible per- son desires to see Congress become muliSh, and begin knocking down the White House just to demonstrate it's ability to do so. Under present condi- tions the federal government has two distinct jobs. One, most pressing and therefore dominant, is the prosecution ot the war. Simultaneously the civilian economy must be maintained. There is d pTOuOulCeu dIlu dppdleuCly ue1OeldGe tendency in some quarters to ignore this differentiation, and to brand anybody who criticizes the administrations do- mestic policies as a saboteur of the war effort. Congress has the right and the duty to thumb it's nose at such arrant nonsense, and to insist that, notWith standing the war, control over domestic policy is the peculiar and inalienable prerogative of the legislature. So far as the wars conduct is concerned, the justi- fable functions of Congress are much more restricted. Successful war cannot be waged by debating society.
 If we are to win the war, Congress must continue to give the President many sweeping powers which would be in1- proper in times of peace, or in connec- ton with domsetic policies even in time of war. For example, the power to make and instantly alter rationing and price fixing regulations would seem to be a necessary executive possession so long as appropriate broad limitations are inn posed and enforced. But the power to set an arbitrarily selected ceiling upon salaries, whether or not the ceiling selected is onerous, is and should belong only to the legislative branch.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-01-14

To many the phrase, "A Message to Garcia, is familiar but they are not exactly certain how it originated. The man to whom President Mckinley gave ., the message which was to be delivered to Garcia died this week at the age of 85. He was Colonel Andrew s. Rowan, and was one of several officers who un- dertook serious mission to bring in- formation to Washington from Cuba. The phrase has been quoted and quoted; but in reality it should have been the mes- sage FROM Garcia, not TO Garcia. From General Garcia Colonel Rowan obtained important military information and brought it to Washington. The mes sage has come down as famous speech and is included in Famous Modern Ora tions." In fact, the message proved more famous than the messenger, who passed away quietly this week.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-01-14
Sensible Decision

The Code Committee of the National Association of Broadcasters has agreed that there is not now and never has been any good reason why radio stations should refuse the paid programs of the Co., operative League. Therefore, as soon as the necessary mechanical arrangements have been made, the cooperative move ment will begin presenting the series of promotional programs which both major chains previously refused on the ground that it was considered controversial
 It is difficult to see how any other decision could have been reached. We commend the broadcasters for changing their minds without awaiting an investi- gation by the Senate, as proposed by Senator Norris
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-01-14
Undigested

From many sources come corroborat- ing evidences that the Nazis bit off much more than they could digest when they conquered most of Europe. In spite of the most sadistic oppressive measures, sabotage and rioting are common throughout Belgium, France, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Jugoslavia and Greece. Under modern conditions, civilian popu- lations cannot rise and overpower their masters. But they can contribute great iy to the eventual defeat of the invaders by tying up troops and equipment, by slowing down production. by interrupt ing critical transport lines. What Hitler is learning in the small states he knocked off so easily in 1940-41 may well save Spain and Turkey from Nazi attack.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-01-14
The Cost of Shipping

The difficulty of distributing war con- tracts is suggested by the wide range in 1O6 bids submitted to the Maritime Con- misison for constructing 65-foot wood tugs for hauling wooden barges. - One Great Lakes yard offered to build six for $31, 500 each while another, fig uratively a rifleshot away, wanted $780, 900 each. Seattle yards would build one at prices ranging from $52,000 to $95, 900. One Portland, Ore, concern asked $33, ,756 per tug, another $98, ,Oo0. A Maine builder wanted $42,O00 for one tug, another yard bid $25O,441.43 What wonder contract letters have gray hairs?
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-01-14

power, and secretly in conniving to get him out.
 ARMY OvER-SHOOTS
 On another occasion the Army needed large supply of radio condenserS, and proposed building several brand new factories right away. This would have required more steel and a. long delay. So Wilson said:
 "Give me a little time and I'll find the production for yOu."
 Making radio condensers was right down his alley. Years be- fore, he had operated a Bridge port, Conn.,, plant making simi- lar equipment. So in a few days he reported to the Army that he had found the production without building a single plant.
 Meanwhile Senate investigators are probing into some letters ex-' changed between Ger. Somervell and the WIPE Planning Board, in which the WIPE warned Somervell last April that he was building too many factories for trucks, tanks jeeps, ordnance. Somer- we'll wrote back peremptorily that he was not, in effect told the WIPE to mind its own business.
 Today, however, Someryell
 has ordered tank production suddenly curtaiIed, is holding up ordnance plants, while jeeps trucks, tanks are strewn all over fields and railway sidings of certain east coast and industrial areas.
 The Army simply shot way over the mark. This would have been forgivable if the steel which went into this equipment had not been so vitally needed for ships to carry the tanks and trucks abroad; and to build airplanes.
 It is this dividing up of the war program, so that the Army does not overshoot on tanks and the Navy on battelshipr, which Wilson contends must be done by a civilian agency. And it is : because he is standing so firmly by his guns on this point that so many attempts are being made to get him out of Washington. Copyright, 1943, by United
 Feature Syndicate, Inc.)
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-01-14

Arthur Guiterman, best known for his humorous poems, was Fl years old when he died early this week. The youthful ness and sprightliness of his poetic ex- pressions would lead one to believe that he was a much younger man. He was old in years but young in thought and his lively verse was greatly enjoyed. He con- tributed to Rhymed Reviews and Life. He was a playwright as well as writer of verse. At one time he was president Of the Poetry Society of America. Since the start of the century he had been an inn portant figure in American letters.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-01-14

Paradox is that for months the Army has contended there were no top-flight men on the War Production Board, therefore they must take over all production. But now they have 8 man who has put new life into the airplane program and is performing pro- duction miracles, the Army wants to get him out of Washington.
 All of which indicates that ac- tually the Army's chief ambition, no matter what happens, is to run the show.
 Here is the inside story of what has happened.
 Not long ago, It. Gen. Brehon Somervell brought to Washington David Sarnoff, head of the Radio Corporation of America, made him a colonel and had him sur- vey the products which General Electric is producing for the Army.
 General Electric happens to be 8 competitor of the Radio Corporation of America, and to most people it seemed strange that, Col. Sarnoff, the head of a strongly competing company, should be checking on General Electric. However, this was done just the same.
 Col. Sarnoff reported that out of 62 products General Electric was making for the Army, it was behind on two.
 MIR. SWOPE LOOKS GLUM
 Shortly thereafter, Charles E. Wilson, one time boss of General Electric, went back home for a weekend, there met Gerard Swope, former GEE executive who had come back from retirement to
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-01-14
HEADLINES
 and HILARITY

Jack Benny's debut at Carnegie hall next we"k presents cOmplica- tiOns. Jacks violin repertoire in- cIudes Flight of the BumbIebee," and Love in BlOOm," but there's no way he can squeeze them both in unless the audience ask for an encore.
 Ed Flynn almost lost his few re- maining hairs when he read i'm one newspaper that he would be "a model diplOmatist." Then he consulted his dictionary and dis covered that a model is "a small imitation of the real thing"
 The Russians must be getting sick of carrying the ball on every play and never getting out of the shadow of their own goal post.
 There Is a strong suspicion in Washington that Prentiss Browns aspirin bill makes up large part of the lO9 billion budget.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-01-14

circumstances have been changing human nature. Education changes human nature; it can change a boor into a cultured man. Reversal of fortune can change human nature; 1t can change a superficial person into one having real depth of char acter.
 But the most powerful agent for changing human nature is religion. Augustine was prohigate,. and re- ligion made him saint. St. Paul was persecutor, and religion made him the most tender -hearted Chris ton of the ages. Jerry McAuley was criminal. and religion turned him into one of the greatest evangelists of the nineteenth century.
 Can't change human nature? That's the one thing that can be changed. And we never begin live ing until We set ourselves to the task of changing our basis human nature into something better. (All Rights Reserved Babson Newspaper syndicate)
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-01-14

replace Wilson when Wilson went to Washington.
 MT. Swope was looking very glum. He was worried over the way things were going, and he was especially worried over the way Charley Wilson was getting into row with the Army in Washington. He strongly advised his old friend to give Up the WIPE and come home.
 SwOpe didn't say so, but he may have had i'm mind also the fact that the one big customer of any industry these days is the United States Government. And when your chief executive goes to Washington and tangles with Gen. SOmervelI, the man wAO buys more goods for the Gov ernment than any one else in the USA, then it is 8 proper cause for worry.
 Wilson, however, is a tough fighter. When he tackles thing he doesn't quit. Old friends of his in other industries perhaps inspired by the Army = have been urging him to return home. When he went up for an executive board meeting oft he National Associa- tion of Manufacturers, they treat ed him like cinderella. But despite all this, he is sticking. WILSON'S TURBINE MIRACLE
 Furthermore, Wilson has the strong support of the White House and also the Navy. The Navy was instrumental in getting him down here, after they saw what he did in manufacturing turbines at a GE plant in Pennsylvania. This plant was turning out one turbine 8 month, later increased to tawo; then the Navy wanted him to multiply the production severalfold. A turbine is a tre- mendously complicated piece of chinery, hitherto never made by mass production methods. How ever, Wilson performed the im- possible and the Pennsylvania plant is now making even more than the Navy believed possible.
 Meanwhile, despite Army at tempts to euchre Wilson out of Washington, he continues to per- form production miracles which the Army never dreamed pos- Sible. AETrNSvNTvTHE TTNyROTTT. .ED
 The encouraging airplane figures announced by Roosevelt at the opening of Congress were largely the result of Wilson's efforts. In September and October, airplane production was discouragingly low. Tn November 1t picked up and in December 1t zoomed.
 One reason it was low in Sep tember and Octber was the bottle neck in certain aluminium parts. When the President visited the . Douglas Plant in California he saw row upon row of planes fin- ished except, except for one small part
 So, getting together with Ferd Eberstadt, WIPES hard-hit+ing materials executive, Wilson said:
 Why can't we get the copper boys to roll aluminium. There are plenty of aluminium ingOts, it's merely a matter of rolling them. Meanwhile the copper mills can't get enough copper from the mines and we can keep them busy rolling aIum- inum."
 The copper mills didn't much like the idea, because rolling aluminium requires more heat and isn't so good for their equipment. But Wilson, having been in contact with copper peo- pie for years, knew just whom to talk to, and with a few long distance phone calls he did the whole thing. So, in November aluminium production, instead of going down, went up, and one big bottleneck for planes was licked.
 But just the same, the Army still refuses to give wilson full
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-01-14

Daylight saving, or war time, has come to be trial in these late winter months. One wonders what is gained in this ar- rangement at this time of the year. Getting up in the morning is hardship for all. We like the extra hour of day light during the warm months, the spring summer and early fall season, but right now it is - Oh, how I hate to get up in the morning
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-01-14
Health
 By pr. William Brady

Signed letters pertaining 2, per- sOnal health and hygiene, not tO disease, diagnosis or treatment, win be answered by pr. Brady if a stamped seIf-addressed envelope Is enclosed. Letters should De brief and written In ink. No reply can be made to queries not conform ing to instructions. Address Dr. William Brady, National News paper Service, 32O West Madison Street, Chicago III.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-01-14
Press Comment
PAY-AS-YOU-GO TAXES
 (New York Times)

Some of the objections in Wash- ington to adoption of the Ruml plan for a pay-as-you-go system of taxation seems to have been based mainly on the fear that labor unions would oppose such a change. But there are growing signs that labor, which is now being called upon to pal heavy income taxes, is looking upon this matter with greater real
 ism than he Treasury did some months ago. Last week, Branch of the American Federation of Hos-
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-01-14

The urge to work in defense plants is considerable at the present time. Everybody wants to work, either for patriotic reasons or to earn their daily bread. Slothfulness has disappeared from the land, but Junior wishes Grand ma would stay at home and make some of those ginger cookies she used to make before she took up welding.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-01-14

Congress means business. Tn addi- ton to the 1000 and more new bills, there were over 800 private bills and resolu- tionS.
 Taking a closer look at all this back = b r e a Xii Il g load of proposed legislation, you discover that a lot of it isn't so new. Hundreds of
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-01-14

continue on the W h ole as un- changed as the color of our skin or the set of our features. ..
 But he thing within us which we call human n a t ure can be f u n d a m entally c h a Il g e d.
 Throughout tn e aces all Snrtc nf
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-01-14
Selected Poem
INTO THEIR DUST AND STONE

INTO THEIR DUST AND STONE
 Lansing Christman in the N. Y. Times) We cannot claim these hills a3 ours, Content in the belief that they belong to us, That their trees and grass and songs, Their seams, alive, yielding for centuries Of suns and rains, sleeping under snows, Are also ours We harvest from them, And accept their strength ard their warmth. But they are greater than man; in the end It is we who yield, for the heart of the earth Does not slow with age; 1t Is steady and sure. Hills are immortal, and in their godliness They shall make us immortal when we at last Pass quietly into their dust and stone.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-01-14
STRENGTH FOR THE DAY
By EARL L. DOUGLASS D. D.
BUT YOU CAN

BUT YOU JAIN
 People very often declare that you can't change human nature. But human nature is the very thing that can be changed. The unchange- able factor in our personalities is temperament. We are born with a certain attitude toward life-gay or serious, thoughtful or carefree-and while we may modify these general attitudes to 8 limited degree. they
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-01-14
Washington Merry Co., Round
Wizard Wilson Performs Miracles But Army Wants Him Out He Insists That Civilian Agency Should Have Final Power Business Associates Worried Over His Row With Brasshats WIPES Production Genius Backed By Navy And White House
BY DREW PEARSON

 Washington would believe the extent to which wires have pulled General Electric whence
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-01-14
A Thought for Today

But let patience have her perfect work, that ye may be perfect and entire, wanting nothing. James 1:4
 Patience is bitter, but its fruit is sweet- Rousseau.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-01-14
. NATIONAL
 SPOTLIGHT
"Pet Bills" Get Off To Flying Start
By PETER EDISON Waterbury Democrat Washington COFFeSuOndenfl

The 78th Congress-the one that is going to be the. most historic of all times-got off to a flying start. Over 1000 new bills were intro duced on the very first day-759 in the House, more modest '239 in the Senate. Yes. sir! This new
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-01-14

iery workers, 0. I. o. affiliate a Philadelphia, urged the adoption ot the Ruml pay-as-you-go income tar plan. The plan seems likely to gain favor the more widely it is really understood.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-01-14

(All Rights Reserved Babson Newspaper syndicate)
Evening star., 1943-01-17

the construction OF SnlpS shlpyardS munltOn plants
Every Sunday weekdays too the peoples army of
10000 volunteers drills Their ages from l8 to AS they
are from every class and section of Mexico.
The republic farmers know that United Nations victory
will be peeded by their Bumper harvests reported
last year and bigger their way.
Even before the Mexico beginning to build
nucleus of industrial independence That meant speeder
we're starter The machine shops seters, shpyads and
power stations have hardly missed shift since last May
But production of strategic metals and minerals
is Mexico's prize weapon. Ex-President Abelardo
Rodriguez is production co-ordnator His most urgent
consideration is metals especially lead and zinc. He
that munitions plants get MexicOs min
erals. To ship them quickly helping rehabiate key
Mexican railroads and lending hand to finish the Mexico
City Guatemala stretch of the Pan-American Highway.
Mexicos 1912 production reportedy 90 cent
higher than the volume for 94 Plans for 1943 call for 200
per 1912 New mines have been opened
abandoned mines being worked Metaurgca plants
being rushed completion big steel and npate rolling
mill will soon be blazing away at Moncova We are to get
Mexcos alcohol Her exporabe surplus OF rubber and
her entire guaye crop to bolster our stockpie Mexico
is helping fight Hitler with the he coveted
Mexico has not become great military power overnight
But Mexico has long way And she is marching with
u.s. Herr Hitler - to build free world for free
And after the war; strong progressive Mexico united
Mexico with stable and balanced economy will be ready
says President Ava Caacho take the position deserves
in the America of peace.
The End
Evening star., 1943-01-17

ing and scattering nd he's still at it, He started in on the
practical course of and defense collaboration with
that resulted in the establishment of the Joint United
States-Mexico Defense Commission.
When visited President Camacho few weeks ago, could
why the Mexcans have united behind him All classes
understand leader who calls his countryen to fight
"a battle production Seventy per of excos workers
farmers The President speaks their language when he in
sss The plow and the shovel are as indispensable as
machine guns and arplanes.
Mexico's brilliant Foreign Minister, Dr. Ezeque Padla,
another loyal friend of the United States talked with him
twice 'We ooodinatng spiritual and material re-
sources he said of the democaces And that assures the
United Nations victory.
These leaders realize all well that Mexico got late
start Too much of her natural wealth has lain idle But the
Mexicans working change all that They're playing
ball with us. And we're working with them giving S
financial assistance sending technicians shipping 80
end-ease supplies helping with experts maps, plans sc4
and charts. ~
In his Mexican campaign against the United States,
Hitler counted on the tabled mariana spirit" That's
where Hitler missed the bus again. President Camacho knows
the value of an enlightened public opinion He has tried in
every way convince his countymen of the Importance OF
Mexico and the urgent need for all possible speed
in production
Radio broadcasts and news releases enough He
official groups of speakers into Mexican cities and into
the remote parts of his country The speakers explained
Mexcos program and its defense needs Their talks
stressed the battle of production wheat more znc
more oil to beat the Axis.
This Good Neighbor Was Ready
Mexico with the Axis May 22nd after sew
era of her merchant ships had been topedoed by Axis subs
But months before she chose Sides Pearl Harbor had been
the signal for Mexico shift her military machine into
Her northern Good Neighbor had been attacked
In breaking off relations with the Axis at that tme
the President told his people that Mexcos immediate cam
pagn be fought not in the trenches but IN the FAC
tories and fields Just the he Immediately dispatched
soldiers to guard lower California back door to the United
States He open Mexcos ports to warsips her
aireds planes He permission to our pilots to
y across Mexico their way the Panama Canal Later he
opened the ports the ships of all the United Nations
Mexicos Pacific shore line had long been haunt OF AXIS
spies So the President named his predecessor General Lazaro
Cardenas Commander of the military region OF the Pacific
The lonely 2860le west coastne OF Mexico offered hide
outs and bases for enemy operations Commandern-
Chief Cardenas up headquarters at Mazatan mainland
sentinel of the Gulf of California He added American Army
and Navy officers to his staff and worked close alson with
our authorities He had seaways and beaches vigorously
paoed He moved enemy aliens into the interior He kept
Evening star., 1943-01-17

taken advanced courses in q 5. Army lying school:
They're returning to give instruction to Mexico
flying cadets at established schools and those bein
rushed to completion,
Mexioos small feet is busy patrolling both coasts
And they're doing it well. The navy is also rushin