davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Omaha guide., 1943-10-16

low, was sent to President Roosevelt asking appointment of a "imparta
civilian committee to reopen the case of Private Alton Levy of New Yor
convicted by c0urt-marHal at the Lin coin air base last week n charges
conduct unbecoming q soldier.
The telegram is as follows:
President Franklin L. Roosevelt,
The White House,
Washington, .. G.
We, the Citizens of Omaha, Nebraska, meet
ing October 18th at The Omaha Guide office,
respectfully petition you to name an impartial
civilian committee to publicly reopen case of
Pvt. Alton Levy, convicted of charges includ-
ing a statement that Negro soldiers were dis
eliminated against at the Lincoln Army Air
base. We believe this action vital.
SIGNED.
Rev. F. G. Williams, Pastor Zion Baptist Church,
Rev. J. H Reynolds, Pleasant Green Baptist Church,
Rev. ". E. Fort, Salem Baptist Church,
Rev. F. F. Gooda, Pilgrim Baptist Church,
New. D. st. Clair, Mount NORTH Baptist Church,
William B. Bryant, Attorney,
John D. Crawford. ATTORNEY.
Rufus c. Long, Secy Walters Protective League, ALL,
Willis W: Gray, Inspector of Weights and Measures Omaha
Arthur Il. Reed SecyTreasurer Walters Protective Leg. AL.
Dr.. A. L. Hawkins, Physician,
Robert Harris, Grand Secy Masonic Lodge Of Nebraska,
Rev John Whieneck, Central Park Congregational Church.
H. J. Pinkett Attorney,
d.. Craig Morris, Dentist,
Jacob c. Carey, Commander Roosevelt Post No. &c, American
Legion,
Edward Turner, Adutant, Roosevelt Post No. 30 American
Legion,
Raymond R. Brown Executive Scy Urban League, Omaha,
Charles F. Davis, Attorney,
G. c. Galloway, Publisher, Omaha Guide,
Rev Ed. johnson, Pastor Of St. John Baptist Church,
M E. Johnson, Prop. Of Johnson Drug Store.
Kindly reply to g. g Galloway, 242O Grant St, Omaha, NebrD
At Lincoln Tuesday, Brig. General Early Duncan, base commander. del
led Negroes are being Disseminated against. =
The Omaha guide., 1943-10-16

Negro combat unit committed TO
action against the enemy in the
North African area. A graduate
Of the United States Military Acad-
envy at West Point, he is 80 years
old.
Evening star., 1943-09-29
Restaurant Control.

A subcommittee headed by Sena-
tor Overton, Democrat, of Louisiana
made wise decision in recommend
ing that the detailed health rules for
eating places be left to the Commis-
sioners, with Congress legislating
only on certain broad principles of
control.
Changing conditions require
amendments from time to time in
all phases of municipal regulation.
For this reason Congress takes on
an endless task whenever it under
takes to write into statutory law the
detailed rules governing any mu-
nicipal function. Once Congress
has legislated on a particular sub
ject the need is likely to arise for
alteration in the law-and expert
ence has shown acts of Congress
cannot always be amended promptly.
Even when detailed regulations
are written into statute law, accom-
panied by blanket authorization to
Evening star., 1943-09-29
THIS AND THAT
BY Charles =. TracssosH.

II you are walking through under
brush, and suddenly Yeel something
sting you, do not think 1t Is 4 snake.
1t may be nothing more terrifying than
a saddle back caterpillar.
Sometimes 1t gets into Ivy and irritates
hands which are cutting of some OF the
vine.
1t belongs to the slug caterpillar
moths, the lsrval form Of which are very
slow-movine. and covered with irri-
tsting splnes.
These spines form sort OF tufts, or
brushes, and are what cause the irrita-
ton
Farm boys are well acquainted with 1t.
as 1t often stinss the backs Of their
necks when they walk through corn
fields.
The saddle back larva has what seems
to be real saddle, and, what Is most
amazing, a beautiful green saddle cloth
underneath 1t.
This larva Is about an inch long, or
maybe little less
1t has small horn at each end.
On the horns and at various places on
the body, are clusters of stiff spines or
bristles, brown in color, As is the main
body.
The saddle" is brown spot right in
the middle Of the back.
Surrounding IT is the saddle cloth. +.
OF a beautiful and bright Jade green.
There is q neat white line between It
and the brown.
There is also neat white line around
the brown saddle
Really, the thing has to be seen to be
believed.
When still on leaf, the creature is
practically concealed by its own
camouflage.
Its movement is very sluggish.
The bristles, OF course, are what cause
the Inflammation to the skin.
They break of, and become imbedded.
1t is best to remove them, If possible.
with the aid Of magnifyins glass and
a pair of tweezers.
Then some good sntiseptic should be
applied.
The moth which comes from this queer
freak Of nature has brown body and
dark brown wings. That is, the fore
wings are dark brown. The hind wings
are lighter brown.
The saddle-back may appear any
place in the urban sections.
They are plentiful in this section of
the country, but there are not enough
OF them to cause any damage to vese.
tation.
Once seen. they are unforgettable, both
IN the lAryal and mature forms. Moths
fly only at night. That is one way you
can tell them from butterflies.
Evening star., 1943-09-29
Need More Nurses

From the Topeka Capital
The American Red Cross one of the
worlds greatest humanitarian organiza-
tions, Is now engaged in special cam
paign to recruit Army and Navy nurses
"a project which should have the fullest
cooperation from every one in position
to help.
Fortunately for our men in uniform,
medical assistance during this war is the
best in the Nations history. Doctors,
surgeons, nurses and corpsmen work
more quickly and more effectively than
ever before, aided by new drugs, new
methods, and better types of transporta-
ton and disqualification.
But there is still tremendous need for
stepping up service. And the hard fact
is that we must expect more and more
casualties as the war goes on-for we
have only begun to get into heavy fight
ing with great concentrations of man.
power
The Red Cross, which serves in peace
as well as in war, has won an enduring
place in the hearts of all Americans
and of the people of the world. The
nurse recruiting program presents an
opportunity for the public to show its
appreciation.
Evening star., 1943-09-29

Larval forms OF other moths are
startling.
There is one called the puss- moth,
which has false face.
Its real head Is inconspicuous, but Its
false face Ia startling.
When it is disturbed, 1t draws in the
real face, and suddenly presents the
false one, which IL large and nat, with
what appears to be two big black eyes.
THESE eyes" however, have no sight.
To other insects. the sudden appear
ance Of this terrible face must have all
the effect Of sudden magic.
The moral to be learned from the
saddle-back caterpillar is simply this:
Always wear stout leather or canvas
gloves when working around ivy or
other vines, or among roses, or when
doing most garden chores in general.
This Is precaution which not all
home gardeners take.
So they get poison Ivy or get all stung
up by the saddle back (Which many
persons think is the result of nettles), or
get stuck by long thorns, which may
cause real trouble later on.
1t is much easier and safer to wear
gloves Of some sort.
1t may take considerable time 70
get used to them, but in the long run
the gardener Is much better of, and
can do his work just as well.
A%&%
Invisible "sloves" Of some cosmetic
character are good for keeping dirt out,
but they will not protect one from
insects.
There are multitudes OF insects which
only the expert knows.
Most OF US are not experts, and 50
we DO not realize just what we are
going to run into, in the vines, etc.
Even If we we're experts, We could not
stop them, until discovered.
1t is not exactly pleasant to discover
such creatures (the insects, not the
expertD by the old method OF trial
and error.
The best way Is not to expose yourself.
and the surest way OF attaining this "a
to wear gloves
Persons living in Washington and
vicinity are fortunate in that they may
call the experts Of the Bureau Of En-.
tomology, Department OF Agriculture,
when they find strange insects.
The main thing is to look carefully at
the find, and note down its main points.
Give size, color and any unusual
features.
Careful and accurate observation is
necessary. 1t will not do to say just
"a green bug" That is not enough
An expert, if he is given the correct
points, will be able to make an tdenti-
ication instantly.
Evening star., 1943-09-29
Adding to Confusion

Officials of the United Automobile
Workers Union at the townsville,
Pennsylvania, plant of the Brewster
Aeronautical Corporation have taken
exception to a compromise plan ad-
vanced by panel OF the War Labor
Board to clear up recent contro-
versy over the status of plant guards.
The union raises the objection that
this compromise would only add to
the confusion surrounding this issue,
and there is every reason to believe
that the union is right.
The guards, although members of
the union and on the civilian payroll
of the Brewster corporation, were
required to become members of the
Coast Guard Reserve. This gave
them a military status of kind, and
when some of the guards refused to
obey an order of superior officer,
disciplinary action was taken against
them by the military authorities.
The result was strike in the plant,
Wnlcn is building urgently needed
fighter planes for the Navy.
1T seems clear that the basic cause
OF the strike lay in the confusion
which arose from the attempt to
treat the guards as military person
mel for disciplinary purposes and as
civilian workers for all other pur-
poses. The proposed compromise
would permit the guards to maintain
Evening star., 1943-09-29

the Commissioner to make amend
ments, the door is opened to litiga-
tion over whether the Commissioners
acted in conformity with the basic
statute.
Recognizing these difficulties, the
Senate subcommittee has recon-
mended that Congress enact only
three basic provisions, namely: A
direction to the Commissioners to
add system for grading restaurants
to the present code; a direction to
the United States Public Health
Service to inspect all lunch rooms in
Federal buildings, and an increase
in the penalty for violations of the
municipal restaurant code from $500
to not to exceed $1,000.
Any other changes the Senate
committee thinks should be made in
the present restaurant code will be
set forth in report accompanying
the bill, without being written into
permanent law.
There Is no valid reason why eat
ing places in Government buildings
should not be required to meet the
same health standards applied to
private establishments, and the sub
committee quite properly provided
for such supervision.
The grading of restaurants as A,
B or c is put forward on the theory
it will bring public opinion into play
as a method of inducing proprietors
to improve the facilities in their
establishments. If this requires re-
modelling or replacement of equip
ment, it remains to be seen how
much can be done along that line
while the war is on, in view of the
manpower and material situation.
Evening star., 1943-09-29

union membership, but would require
them to negotiate separate contract
covering the conditions Of their en-
ployment. To say the least, 1t is
difficult to see how this could be
expected to relieve an already con-
fused situation.
The real solution, it would seem.
lies in a clear-cut decision by the
WLB calling for either a military
or civilian status for these guards.
II the Navy wants to use military
personnel for this sort of guard duty
there should be no difficulty in
obtaining them. II, on the other
hand, 1t is considered desirable to
use civilian guards, then there should
be no room for doubt that they are
civilians, entitled to the same rights
as other civilian employees.
Evening star., 1943-09-29
Roll Wage Award

In decision admittedly dictated
by the restrictions of the stabiliza-
ton program, an emergency rail
wage board recommends a As per
cent increase for more than 800 900
train and enginemen who demanded
80 per cent. The award amounts to
80 cents day, and the board plainly
feels this is inadequate. The report
to President Roosevelt emphasizes
that the workers "have made out a
strong case for a wage increase to
correct gross inequities and to aid in
the effective prosecution of the war -
but having in mind the ruling by
Sterilization Director Vinson denying
an 8-cent hourly increase to 1900, 900
incorporating rail employees because
it would violate the Little Steel"
formula, the board concludes that
the fractional advance for the oper-
ating group is the maximum per-
missible.
Something Of a paradox results. All
the brotherhoods received an in
crease in January, 1912, and it was
for this reason that Director Vinson
denied the 8 cents recommended for
the incorporating workers by an
other board, holding that the earlier
award equaled the IS per cent ceiling
established by the Little Steel"
formula for increases granted after
January /, 1941. 1t SO happened,
however; that the train and engine
men, whose scale is far higher than
that of their associates, received only
10.5 per cent in 1912, and the board
says they are entitled to the differ
ence between that figure and Is per
cent.
With this view it would seem that
the stabilization director must agree,
but If so, situation will be created
where lower-paid employees are left
empty handed, while those in the
upper brackets get relief, develop
ment calculated to inject new COM
plcat1onS into an already complex
proposition.
The wage dispute has been hang
ing fire for year now, and seemingly
is no nearer settlement than when
it started. The incorporating en-
ployes still are seeking an adjust
ment, despite the Vinson decision,
and the first reaction of the operat-
ing employees to the award proposed
for them is unfavorable. With the
workers generally dissatisfied, and
higher pay in other industries re-
portedly Turing many away, this issue
may provide the severest test yet
encountered by President Roosevelts
"hold the line" order
Evening star., 1943-09-29
German Army Is
Not DESTROYED
By Maj. George Fielding Eliot.

We should be particularly careful at
this time, when the seriousness Of the
task which still lies ahead of us must
be understood by ALL not to overestimate
what has happened so far in Russia.
The Russians have launched and car
ried forward magnificent offensive
operation. They have forced the Ger
mans to withdraw from many WE'LL
fortified positions, such as Smolensk,
Roslavl, Kursk, Kharkov, Stalino, Bel
gorod, Taganrog and poltava. They
have liberated thousands of square miles
OF Russian territory from the invaders.
But they have not destroyed the Ger
man Army, or even any appreciable por-
ton OF it. They have not cut off and
surrounded any large German force, as
they did at Stalingrad
In fact the German withdrawal to
the Dnieper has been made in remark
ably good order, and with great skill.
There has been no evidence Of any break
in the morale of the troops, or any
failure of command The Russians
have made no claims as to the capture
Vi ANY CoIlSlQeIdDle numDer OF prison.
ers, at least not since the capture of
Taganrog some weeks ago That fact
alone suggests that the Germans are
keeping their forces intact in covering
their retreat without permitting any
Russian break through which would re-
suit In the development of large Ger
man forces.
On the western front in the last war
the number of prisoners taken was gen.
orally used as rough index to the
success of any given operation. 1t was
recognized then, as it should be recog-
nized now, that the objective in land
warfare is the destruction or capture of
the enemy'S armed forces, and not such
hill or such a town or such railway
junction-except insofar as these terri
torial objectives lead the sttacker to his
real goal.
For example-in the famous Aisne-
Marine offensive (July 1s-August 6, 1919
the American 1st and I'd Divisions alone,
during the first five days, took $500 Ger
man prisoners. In the Saint Mihiel offen-
sive (september 12-15, 1919, an opera
tion of limited objective, the American
lst Army captured $4,000 prisoners. The
offensive operations of the British forces
from August to November II. 1918, are
instructive in this regard:
Evening star., 1943-09-29
'Pre- Pearl HarbOr" Fathers
Find a Champion.


To the Editor of The Star:
1t seems to me that a great injustice
is being done the "pre-Pearl Harbor
fathers"-that they are being made the
goat" so that Mr.. Wheeler can express
himself again. Mr.. Wheeler has been
wrong before and what does it matter
what he thinks.
Any man old enough to be father
knows that if he tells his son to behave
or else he will have to burn all the leaves
in the driveway, that burning leaves
will be looked upon as punishment
instead of a thing most boys enjoy doing.
Why make it sound as II sending their
fathers off to war is a punishment?
Most of them would be glad to enlist If
they were given the chance. No one
wants to be classed with group of men
that have been kicked around by Con-
gress as to whether they are fit to stand
up beside their unmarried brothers. A
man with a child has more to fight for
ask the men, ask the wives, ask the
children.
Don't ask Mr.. Wheeler. Why should
these men be deprived of the privilege
of serving their country just because
they had a child before Pearl Harbor?
They won't all be taken, as some will
not pass" but it will be proud wife
and a healthy child whose father goes
to war. D. w. KNOWLTON.
Evening star., 1943-09-29
Dogwood Immortal

legend tells us that the cross was
formed from dogwood tree) Z
oh, tree OF loneliness, you stand
apart
From other trees: seed OF the
1oood contained
Within the dear Lords Cross, your
blossom stained
With blood and rust, still holds Nth,
in its heart
The thorns 1Dhich formed the cro,Dn
about His broto. IS IS
Your 10aren petals, four, still bear.
the mark -
OF nails which pierced His hands
and feet, that dark ~
Sad day; slender you are, pour bodp
non e s-se
Will form no cross; Hts symbol
through the years,
Again, each spring, you tell US of
His death; Co.
Hoao He forgaue US NTH His fdilino
breath: 80
Your beauty floods our hearts ipith
poignant tears;
And in the fall your berries glisten
red,
Like drops OF blood our dying
Saviour she'd.
EVA GRANT MARSHALL. z
Evening star., 1943-09-29
What's in q Name?

whats in a name?" said Juliet
Capulet to Romeo Montague. "A rose
by any other name would smell as
sweet" Yet even as she said it, she
knew she was wrong, for the very
name of Montague, sweet in her
ears, was anathema to the Capulets,
as years later in another land the
name of Hatfield was poison to
the McCoys, and vice versa. Names
do make difference.
A more modern illustration of the
truism was afforded the other day in
Boise, Idaho, when a motorist, de-
scribed as multiple violator of traf-
fic regulations, was halted by no less
a parsonage than the chief of police
himself. The outlook was black;
shrewd bettors, considering the cir
cumstances, would have laid a hun
Gred to one against his chances of
emerging intact from the doghouse.
But they would have lost, because of
an unforeseen circumstance. When
asked for his name, he gave it as
Aloises Zachary Abernathy Mefgen-
thenwallerberry. From that instant
the officer passed to the defensive,
boWled over by the terrific barrage
of sonorous syllables. He scratched
his head in perplexity, and glanced
at his traffic ticket book 1t was not
designed for reception of anything
like that; in truth, Aloises Zachary
Abernathy Mefgenthenwallerberry
might well be too much defendant
for any one court. Surely there must
be easier pickings elsewhere in Boise.
"You win,' he sighed. "On your way,
and don't do it again.
Evening star., 1943-09-29
Letters to the Editor
Congressman Discusses
ManpOwer Needs.

ovhSi 0SSHsSH discusses
Manpower Needs.
TO the Editor Of The star:
Home 'front.' problems are more
real when you see the people as in
dividuals than when you read about
their opinions in poll. First-hsnd in
formation have received during this
six weeks vacation confirms my pre-
vious conviction that at present it is
not necessary to cali drAft-age fathers
to the colors. I have talked with hun.
dreds of farmers, professional men, pub
lie omciaB and private citizens and
have found that they have unbounded
confidence In our military leadership,
but utterly distrust the handling OF our
domestic problems by our WASHINGTON
bureaus.
I have interviewed q large number
of Congressmen who have just returned,
and they tell me the people back home
have given them mandate to insist on
the Government proving its necessity
before consenting to the CONSUMPTION
OF fathers. The Army and Navy chiefs
say they must have a combined military
force OF $500, 900; the Manpower Com
mission says it cannot provide such
force without crippling essential war
work or drafting fathers
1t is our duty to see where the Army
gets this arbitrary figure. If it is proved
that they could not do on less, could not
our Southern good neighbors" who have
prof1ted by our benef1cent lease lend
terms be prevailed upon to furnish the
troops necessary to make up our de.
fciency? 1t might be well to inquire
about the potential military strength Of
our good neighbors to the South, or why
Canada feels it is now safe to de-
mobilize 10000 of her troops.
Is Uncle Sam to be left forever holding
the bag? EARL WILSON,
Member Of Congress.
Evening star., 1943-09-29

In these operations the German Army
was slowly disintegrating under the
hammer blows which were being hurled
against it. Obviously it is not so on the
Russian front today; or If it is we have
as yet no evidence of the fact.
1t is quite possible, as previously
pointed out in these articles, that the
Germans must sustain heavy casualties
In the course Of evacuating their bridge
heads on the left bank of the Dneiper:
these operations are now In progress
and they are of such a nature that con.
gestion and loss of tactical control in
evitably result from them. We do not
know yet what the sum total OF the
German losses may be, but they do not
now seem likely to be enough seriously
to impair the fighting power OF the
German Army
break-through at Kiev would be a
very different matter if it were to come
soon, just as Russian break through
from Kharkov to Poltava or Dneprope.
trovsk would have meant German dis
aster while there were still large German
forces down in the bend of the Donets.
Also there are considerable German
forces in what remains of the Smolensk-
Roslavl-Klintsi salient, which might be
cut off from the Dnieper and trapped
by converging Russian forces, but that
has not yet been reported.
The facts of the matter are that the
Russians have gained territory the Ger
mans have lost it; the Russians have
amply demonstrated their ability to
launch and conduct a great offensive,
the Germans have once more displayed
their ability to conduct a fighting re-
treat; the Russians are still going ahead,
the Germans still have their army intact
and on the whole in better defensive
positions Gas far as terrain and commune
cations are concened) than before. A
German disaster is still possible, but 1t
has not yet occurred. We shall see signs
OF 1t when the Russians begin to report
the capture Of prisoners by the thousand
or when they have effected what the
Germans call IAN operational breach"
i'll the new German lines so that a great
part of the German Army is threatened
with development. Until one or both of
these things happen the German Army
is neither beaten nor broken. Our mill
tary leaders do well, On the face of the
evidence as it. stands, to warn us Of a
long, hard, bloody struggle ahead before
we can count the Wehrmacht out of the
fight.
(Copyrisht. 1919, N. Y. Tribune Inc)