davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-06-20
Tomb Blasted Axis Suffers Severe Case Of te Believing Day Near

Wavell who has been in command of
British forces in India, has been named
Viceroy of India and the command of
the troops given to Gen. Sir Claude
Auchinleck. Gen. Auchinleck, who will
have 2,000000 troops under his COM
mand, will not be subject to Viceroy
Wavell's authority but will act inde-
pendently. The troops are not too we'll
equipped or two well drilled, it is re-
ported, but THE AUX" is an experienced
and capable leader. 1t. Gen. Joseph w.
Stilwell, American commander in China,
has returned to his post after attending
the strategy conference in Washington.
He is highly optimistic of victory.
American bombers, striking at an i'm
portant railroad bridge over the Mu
River in Burma, scored several hits and
railroad yards nearby we're blasted. The
Raj at the same time wrecked jetty
at Akyab
The important action, however, was in
China, where advancing Chinese foices
have increased their bag of japanese to
10000 out of total of 100 900 who at
tempted to advance up the Yangtze
River beyond Ichang toward Chungking.
Striking from the flank below Ichang,
Chinese troops have captured Shashi.
Taying, l8 miles south of Shashi, and
encircled Owchichow, SIS miles south of
Shashi.
There were some indications that the
Japs are preparing to resort to chemical
warfare the charge being made that 100
cases of gas containers and so tons of
gas shells had been landed near Shang-
hal and there were claims that gas shells
had already been used.
Chungking claims that Chinese forces
have cut the japanese line of communi-
cation up the Yangtze by preaching the
line defending the Hankow-Canton rail-
road, thus preventing supplies from Yo-
chow moving up to the advance positions.
Evening star., 1943-06-20
McNuiir
Continued From Page C-lD

eventual outcome of the war in our
favor?
Answer: Sometimes 1 wish they did
doubt it. But they do not II they
did they might fight better. Sometimes
/ think they are too complacent.
Question: Is the claim that the Ameri-
can soldier has more initiative than the
enemy true statement?
Answer: So far as his native talent
that is true, in my opinion, but it has not
been proved on the battlefield. Soldiers
in the enemy ranks are plenty good and
are more extensively trained than are
most of ours.
Question: Granted that we have equal
fire power and accuracy in artillery fire,
40 we also have guns with greater mo-
bility than the enemy?
Answer: Yes, our artillery is cer-
tainly the equal of that of any of our
enemies. Our stuff is ultra modern, and
the proportion Of superiority is probably
the same as in our other weapons. We
have better trucks and more self-pro-
PEELED guns.
VucsdOH. WHY SllOulu pdIcuIS VI bOyS
now in camp for training want them
trained to be tough and hard?
Answer: Because they will be able to
take care of themselves better in battle,
and can avoid disease and disability.
Many parents get excited about the train
ing They write in that their boys had
to march many miles with equipment
This training, making them tough and
ready for battle, will be invaluable when
they get into combat. They must be
ready for anything.
Question: Do our soldiers know what
they are fighting for?
answer: Yes, better than our soldiers
IN the First World War. My own i'm
rressions about what we were fighting
for then were not too clear. But in this
war the men know, partly because of
their native intelligence and partly be-
cause OF Army orientation courses. We
have been attacked. The issue Is clear
cut.
Evening star., 1943-06-20
Europeon Front

The industrial areas OF Western Ger
many show definite signs of weakening
beneath the cumulative destruction of
hundreds of air raids, and the population
is reported to be on the move. In fact.
German papers received in Switzerland
are reported carrying articles urging the
families of workers to leave and seek
haven which the papers almost implore
the farming population inland to pro-
vide.
Dusseldorf. recently the target of
2000-ton raid, is one of the cities re-
ported as being evacuated, thus lending
support to the reiterated statement by
Maj. Gen. Ralph Royce, commanding gen.
eral of the lst American Air Force, that
Germany can be bombed out of the war,
a statement which he made at Mitchell
Field last week while issuing warning
that the Luftwaffe, crippled as 1t has
been, still could if the results were con-
Evening star., 1943-06-20
War
Continued From Page C-lD

fundamentally responsible for bringing
Hitler and Hitlerism to power, is said to
be convinced that, while there will be no
hope for another resurrection of Prus-
sian militarism if the Reich is defeated
by the Anglo American armies. there
will be another chance for the Reich in
another quarter of century If Germany
turns communistic.
Stain in various speeches last year
went on record as not desiring the de-
struction of Germany, the German peo-
pie or even German armies. He wishes
to defeat Hitlerism and the Hitlerites
and wants to set the German people
free from Nazi oppression.
These official statements of the Rus
sian leader are said not to have fallen
on deaf ears in the Reich. There are
some generals and field marshals who
are Nazis, but the bulk of them are not.
In some quarters where the attitude of
the German military leaders is carefully
studied, it is believed that these very
generals who are now at the head of
some of the Reich's forces would be
among the first to embrace new COM
munistic form of government in Ger
many should their last attempt to de-
feat Russia misfire.
A Disciplined People.
The Germans are disciplined people.
They have embraced Hitlerism with less
compunction than many people outside
the Reich have been led to believe.
They are just as capable of embracing
Communism if they are told to do 50 be-
cause the interests of the Reich may
require ii.
According to reliable informants who
have come out of Germany recently.
there already is some undercover talk
about the possibility of Germany be-
coming communistic in the event of
defeat on the eastern front this year.
Some of the German leaders say that
thanks to the spirit of organization and
the discipline Of the German people it
wouldn't take more than a few years
before the Germans would be tops in
communistic Europe and would take
away from Russia the leadership over
the continent
A communistic Germany would start
as junior partner of the U. S. S. R.
then become equal, and within a few
years would become the senior partner
1t is difficult to say how we'll founded
are these plans which are said to exist
in the minds of many German leaders.
But there seems to be no doubt in the
minds of those who follow the trends
in the Reich at present that defeat of
the Nazis on the eastern front this year
would bring about communist move
almost Immediately and much more
widespread than in 1918.
Evening star., 1943-06-20

had taken them to the gates of Sevasto-
pol. the Russian naval base on the tip of
the Crimean Peninsula. This year they
have failed to move forward excepting to
recapture Kharkov which was lost in the
Russian counterdrive last winter
The answer to the German failure to
attack lies perhaps in the losses of air.
Russians place at 1919 in the past six
weeks.
Such action as did occur during the
past week was largely in the central front
around Orel, wnere both Russian and
German concentrations are heavy. The
Red artillery opered a rather brisk
artillery attack on enemy fortiacaTons at
Svesk which is southwest of Orel toward
Bryansk and also at Belgorod which is
northwest of Kharkov.
Nazis Driven Back.
Monday night the Nazis launched an
attack in some force east of Mtsensk
which is close by Orel in an effort to re-
capture four villages which the Russians
had occupied but the attack was driven
back with substantial losses considering
the limited size Of the undertaking.
In the meantime, Russian flyers were
attacking Orel which is held by the Ger
mans, attaining some success in the
bombing of troop train.
Down on the Kuban Peninsula, con-
cerning which there has been little news
in several days, the NaZis claim TO have
repulsed an ambitious Russian attack
north of the Kuban River. At the same
time, Berlin claimed that German naval
vessels on the Sea Of Azov had shelled
Russian-held Akhtyrskaya.
AS the week ended there were signs OF
action around Smolensk, but still none
Of any great Importance.
Reports were current in London that
the Germans had been forced to abandon
plans for a grand offensive against Rus
sia although Hitler and 1t. Gen. Eher-
hard Warlimondt, his favored strategist
had their hearts set on such a drive
Field Marshal Won Box, commander in
chief in Russia, argued against the plan
declaring that the defeat in Tunisia and
the growing Allied power and resources
Evening star., 1943-06-20
ANNUAL WASTE IN PROVES BIG ITEM IN
wmFo Bdk Would Fd nstrEg

Perhaps the greatest waste hidden
waste, Miss Nichols calls it . is in the
loss of nutritive elements through i'm
proper preservation and preparation of
foods. Much essential vitamin C is lost
this way. BY squeezing out the orange
juice the night before for instance, or by
preparing the vegetable salad long be-
fore dinner, or cooking foods in too much
water.
Public Health Reports" issued bv the
United States Public Health Service,
says:
Food waste is still rampant. Even
in the face of food shortages, the full
garbage pail seems to be far more
prevalent than the full dinner pail,
nutritienally speaking"
Some food waste, Miss Nichols points
out, is due to old-fashioned rules of
etiquette. She asks:
Can we afford in wartime to refuse
10 let Johnnie pick up the bone in his
fingers and gnaw of the last shreds of
meat?
is it really good etiquette not to tip
your soup bowl to get the last two or
three spoonsful?
With shortage of fats, what's wrong
with using bread to sop up the gravy
on the plate?
Can We afford to prepare and serve
more food that the guests will eat just to
keep up the pretense of the bountiful
hostess?"
Causes Of Home Waste.
Miss Nichols outlines chief causes for
food waste in the home as follows:
l. Unplanned buying, resulting in too
much of some kinds of food.
2. Improper storage.
3. Failure to plan use of left-overs The
refrigerator is merely way station on
the road to the garbage pail
4. Unpalatable preparation of food.
S. Over-generous serving of food es-
pecially to children or guests Company
dinners are typically rich and typically
wastefuD.
6. Failure to utilize all portions of
foods. Examples:
Peeling potatoes results in discard of
some of the most nutritious part
Beet tops are more nutritious than the
roots, yet are seldom used
The best leaves of cabbage and lettuce
are the outer leaves, seldom used
Many people discard heels of bread
Every religion" says Miss Nichols, in
cludes prayer for daily bread. yet we
are very wasteful of It,"
Evening star., 1943-06-20
Russian Front

Another week has passed without the
launching Of German summer offensive
of any serious proportions anywhere
along the Russian front and this despite
the fact that some reports indicate that
the Nazis have 300 divisions poised and
waiting. Each week of delay shortens
by just that much the length of time in
which the Germans can operate success
fully.
There has been a great deal Of specula-
tion over where, when or if full-scale
offensive is to come. Last summer at
this time, the Germans were pausing for
brief rest after tremendous gains which
Evening star., 1943-06-20

sidered worth it, stage bombing raids on
Eastern seaboard cities.
So destructive has been the effect of
air raids on Germany, 1t has been found
necessary to ration transportation and
severe restrictions have been placed on
travel even on streetcars and buses.
The raids also have caused Germany
to curtail, drastically. her production of
bombing planes and concentrate, in
stead. on fighters.
Continuing the nonstop attacks, the
Raj visited a number OF industrial
centers in the Ruhr Sunday night, and
American flyers Monday struck at Flush
ing in Belgium. The British planes also
sowed mines in various ports and coastal
waters. 1t was revealed Tuesday that
the recent American bombing of Cux-
haven and Wilhelmshaven, which en-
tailed the loss of 26 Flying Fortresses,
cost the Germans somewhere between
IS and los fighter planes in addition to
the tremendous damage done to the har-
Dor installations
Monday night the Raj struck heavily
at Oberhausen, important railroad juno
ton on the Rhine -Hern Canal where
railroad lines connect with Duisburg and
Dortmund and with Hamm, Germany's
greatest railway center, all three of
which have been repeatedly visited by
British and American raiders Ober-
hausen has extensive iron foundries,
rolling mills, railway shops, chemical
works and other plants which support
its population of 10000. Great clouds of
smoke and murky weather made it dif-
f1cult to weigh the results of the raid.
The Luftwatfe retaliated with raids on
English coastal towns when rattle bombs
little s-pound affairs which look like
babies rattles. were dropped with an
moving, though not serious, effect.
Tuesday smaller craft ranged over Ger
many and German-heldd territory all the
way from Denmark to France, concen-
trating on transporta ton facilities. Ship
ping was attacked on the Bruges-Ghent
and Lys Canals and freight yard was
struck in Nantes Three locomotives were
damaged in Britanny by low-f1ying Mos
quito bonbers and numerous airflelds
Evening star., 1943-06-20
Pacific Front

Inc Japanese apparently nave adOpted
new tactics in the Southwest Pacific and
judging by first results they are no more
successful than those which preceded
them
In the absence of any signs of naval
strength, the Japs have been sending
out large concentrations of planes, either
to bomb American positions or ferret
out American bombers engaged in nu-
merically- small raids in the hope that
by the great superiority of numbers they
can overwhelm the Allied flyers.
First signs of the new technique came
Sunday when 40 or so Zeros attacked
small group of American bombers over
the Russell Islands At least half, and
perhaps as many as SO of the Jap fight
ers were shot down. American losses
were six planes, of which the crews OF
two were rescued.
American bombers were active over a
wide area, striking as far north as Buka
which lies beyond Bougainville in the
Northern Solomons One Of the air.
fields defending Rabaul was ripped by
30 tons Of bombs which started great
fires and played havoc among parked
planes which the day before numbered
96.
Kahili and Villa also were raded and
the Japs retaliated with a minor raid
on Guadalcanal.
Suffer Worst Defeat.
Photographic reconnaissance disclosed
Wadracdou lacrito 70 Terrific md
steady bombing by American forces, the
japanese continue to build up their air
strength both at Rabaul and at Wewak
on New Guinea.
Later on Wednesday, part of this con-
centration went to work Guadalcanal
was raided by 120 Jap fighters and
bombers and as a result of the raid, the
Japs suffered one of their greatest air
disasters of the war. A considerable num-
bef of American fighters rose to meet
the challenge and before the action
was broken off by the Japs. 80 bombers
and As Zeroes were shot down to the
loss of only six American planes. A
later recapitulation yesterday added to
the II planes shot down by the Ameri-
Cali pllOLS ~ more DdSSeQ Dy dnuldlr =
craft guns, thus making the total "a out
of 120, which is considered acceptable
by the most pessimistic. large convoy
was said to have been the objective of
the Japs.
| American losses In addition to the six
| planes included damage to a Liberty
| ship and a small vessel and Is persons
killed, % injured and % missing
Later IN the week, American bombers
attacking at night, broke up a Japanese
effort to reinforce their troops on New
Guinea by barges. At least six barges
were sunk by one pilot and seven others
were found beached and wrecked after
the attack was over. Only one escaped
Striking out again at Nauru in the
Gilbert Islands. American bombers Fri
day night wrecked barracks, gasoline
storage and other facilities at the vital
phosphate works to which Japan looks
for much Of her fertilizer and explosives
! base.
In the Aleutians action was largely
limited to light bombing raids on Kiska
Evening star., 1943-06-20

a straight line almost parallels the en-
tire southern coast of Sicily.
Keeping the air offensive moving at a
terrific pace, American bombers struck
Sunday at the airfields at Catania and
Gerbini in Sicily dropping 250,000
pounds of bombs. Runways, hangers
and grounded planes were hit during
the raid These raids were followed at
night by heavy attack by wellington
bombers which dropped two-ton block
busters on Messina, terminus of the
ferry which connects with Italy two
miles away. Large fires were started in
the harbor and freight yard sections.
During Monday night, Mosquito bomb
ers flew all over Sicily and even over the
toe of the Italian boot to harass the
enemy with machlne-gun and lisht-bomb
attacks.
Continuing the offensive Tuesday.
hundreds OF tons of bombs were dropped
on five airfields on Sicily and during the
attack l6 enemy planes were shot down
vetrano, which has been largely cleared
of its civilian population, received the
most devastating attack which exceeded
in fierceness that which caused Pam
telleria to surrender. Two tremendous
explosions, presumably from gasoline
tanks which were struck, caused fires
visible for so miles. Airdromes at
Comiso and Biscari also were attacked
All three places were struck again
Wednesday and at Comiso in particu-
lar the airfield and all of it's facilities
were blasted and obscured by great
clouds of smoke which followed the ex-
plosion of the bombs
Late Wednesday night and early
Thursday, the harbor at Naples under
went its most serious raid of the war
and destruction was widespread. The
Italian radio admitted that with these
raids the number Of dead in Naples from
bombing had reached 1900 and 10000
other casualties occurred. Friday night
Messina, Comiso and Milo were raideo
ard attacks also occurred on Abba and
Galfo-Aranci on Sardinia.
Evening star., 1943-06-20
Americas 80th Week of War
1o6th Week of World War II
By Howard P. Bailey.

invasion filters
occupied countries light patriots
evidences that Hitler and his
One Berlin report sets Tuesday a.
Denmark as the place.
cation that the attack imminent
acquiring information But this their failed the
only reply from Allied steady Of bombs which blasted
Italian islands mainland
Channel the
the Southwest Pacific and in China.
disaster and fears of greater disaster for the "
Evening star., 1943-06-20

made it almost suicidal to gamble on a
Russian victory with the alternative the
fatal depicting of German material and
the denuding of the areas where an
Allied invasion might come of necessary
defense forces.
Berlin. looking the situation over, anti
cipates that the Russians soon will open
major offensive, probably along the
central front where Red concentrations
are heavy.
Evening star., 1943-06-20
Mediterranean Front

Clearing the path for invasion OF Sicily
should that be the next objective, Allied
three more islands, Linosa, Lampione
and Lampedusa, forming triangle
southeast of Pantelleria and with Pam
telleria and Malta forming larger tri-
angle which threatens the entire SOUTH
ern coast of Sicily. Malta, most eastern
Of the islands, is only 55 miles from Sicily;
Linosa is 100 miles and Pantelleria is so
miles away. From Malta to Pantelleria
Evening star., 1943-06-20


that If they have fault to find they keep
that fact from public expression. In
Toxic Premier TOTO addressed the Diet,
but banned all debate on the war. He
told the legislators, assembled to say
Eyes" to all matters proposed by the
government, that the situation is grow
ing tense and that British-American
offensive on big scale apparently is
soon to come. He expressed confidence
that Japan will be able to hold its own,
but forgot to mention that Japan had
not been able to hold Attu, which, after
ALL was not Japan's own.
The Rome radio warned the Italian
people to be ready for an invasion at
tempt at any moment, adding that every
italian soldier, plane and warship stands
ready to fight until victory is achieved,
a boast which rings a little hollow after
the example set by the eagerly sur
rendering Italians in North Africa.
The visit by King George of England
to North Africa added to the mounting
fears Of the Italian government that the
invasion is near while the sudden closing
Of the Turkish-Syr border for several
days brought a fresh worry to the Axis
and increased evidences of waning en-
thusiasm for war in Rumania, Hungary
and Bulgaria. The Axis can't at the
moment determine whether the heavy
troop movements in Syria foretell Tur-
keys entry into the war on the Allied
side or whether the Allies are preparing
to move into the Dodecanese Islands and
Greece.
Much Ship Movement.
There has been much comment on the
movement of Warships and the concen-
tration of landing barses at various
points in the Mediterranean from which
invasion attempts might be pointed at
a number of places on the soft under
belly of Europe
All in all, the week has been unpleasant
for the Axis and nothing has occurred
which would serve to soothe the jumpy
nerves of Hitler, Mussolini and TOTO.
Certainly they could find no comfort
in the tremendous military and naval
program contemplated by the admins
tration in Washington which last week
asked Congress for ST. 500, 100000 for
the Army next year and s27,637 100000
for the Navy. They have reason to
know that many of what appeared fan
tastic figures fol- the production of
materiel, planes, ships and manpower
during the past year have been no
exaggerations at all They must realize
that while this has been a bad year to
date next year looks far blacker for the
predators.
In Algiers final and full agreement
was reached between the supporters of
Gen. Henri Giraud and Cen Charles de
Gaulle, leader of the Free French, thus
removing one troublesome rift in the
United Nations forces while Premier
Stain of Russia assured Poland that
Russia will use all of her influence for
a free Poland after the war is over.
Evening star., 1943-06-20
Chinese Front

A new deal appears in the making in
the warfare in China and in Burma,
vital to the supplying of China An
nouncement was made Friday that Gen.
Evening star., 1943-06-20
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Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-07

miracle Of American ineenuynot Of critical
material is used Yet these masterpieces lovshy
designed spocousy proportional sturdiy con-
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Mecuousy oiored with many hand details such hand
bocks that better and handsome op
peoronce Many expensive noIheod oil Upholstered
decorator fabrics Note the ornamental ball. ond- CLAW
feet beautifully carved exposed fromes of gunwood
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