davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-09-24
Construction Task
Presents Problem

tThe war construction pro-
gram, begun under the quarter
master corps and transferred 10
The corps OF engineers on Dec.
is, 1871. presented a prodigious
engineering problem.
BY March 81 l943, the total
cost OF the entire program
amuntcd 10 S9.226. 464. 900. Of
which 1858, 100000 was for
ground and service force IA
cilites. S2.s23,5lO.0O0 went for
industrial facilities and s., SOB
096 600 was devoted 10 con-
StruCtion for the air forces.
The balance represented such
items as the Civil Aeronautlcs
Administration program. stor-
age and shipping facilities and
passive protection
In the accomplishment Of
this program. 1S,13909S acres Of
land were acquired at a cost Of
S24e .03913& AT the peak of
employment. in July. 1912. more
than 1000 600 persons were in
volved IN some phase Of the
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-09-24
Four-Week Course
Inculcates Discipline

.+-4f,AA-E4-t--ltA4igAzAttt,--tr
center was opened at Fort DeS
, ONES. Ia. on July 20, 1912,
and within four weeks a basic
training course for auNlharles
and a SlX-WCck course for
officer candidates established.
Since that time training cen
tcrS have been established at
Daytona Beach, Fla Fort
Oglethorpe, Ga, and + ort
Devcns, Mass.
The training which the
women receive IN these camps
prepared them 10 take their
place in army life. The four
-'4tt-k-baste training course is
designed to inculcate the prln-
ClplcS of army discipline, GUS
toms and CourteSleS as well as
10 teach the members methods
of caring for Cuvernmentpr prop
erty.
Following the basic course.
WACs may immediately go into
the field. or where special tall
entS are indicated they may be
-sent- TO SpcclallSt-schnolS Orc
ccrve additional training. For
example. women assigned to the
administrative specialist schools
are trained in army administfa-
tive procedure a matter which
can be handled as efficiently by
a woman as by a man
The schools for bakers and
cooks teach WACS the funda-
mentalS of army cooking and
efficient methods of preparation
OF foods for large groups as well
as the principles of dietetics and
balanced mcnuS. Those assigned
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-09-24
More Than 500 Men
Given Recognition

tSome 500 writer's, photoc-
raphers and radio commenta-
tors. representing press feature
services, individual newspapers.
picture Syndicates and radio
networks have thus far been
accredited by the bureau to
theaters. Of operations.
CT'he difficulties Of making a
full pictorial record under con-
ditions of active warfare have
been the object of special ar
rangement a photographer.~
vol. both for still and mott
rictureS, operates in every theN
ter Under its regulations. still
pictures and newsreel footage
taken by one representative are
made available 10 all
>(Early in 1913 facilities were
set up for the dispatch by radio
Of still pictures from North
Africa BY this means. photo
graphs appear in the American
press within a matter of hours
from the time they are taken)
Tomorrow Gen. Marshall goes
into the logistical problems en-
countered by the army In carr
rying on a global war; 4
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-09-24
100000 Commissions
Awarded by June 80

selections for attendance at
officer candidate schools were
based on the democratic theory
that the schools were available
10 any man who demonstrated
outstanding capabilities of lead
erShip, who possessed the intel
leCt as distinguished from edu-
cation which would permit him
10 perform the functions Of an
officer, and who indicated that
he was morally and physically
qualified 10 train troops and
lead them IN combat.
by June 80, 1943. officer
candidate schools had given the
army more than 206, 900 Off
GERS, serving in grades from
second lieutenant TO lieutenant
colonel
(ln order 10 meet a demand
for officers who were specialists
in various technical professions
and who would not be involved
in direct command of troops.
approximately 47.000 officers
were appointed from civil life.
thus releasing experienced mill
tary personnel for other duties.
This figure is in addition TO
ChaplainS, doctors and former
officers.
IT These commissions were
granted chiefly for duty in
highly specialized positions in
the Judge advocate generals
department, corps of engineers.
ordnance department, signal
corps and army air forces.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-09-24

ing club rooms and lounges. a
social hall with a stage and
dressing rooms. study and read
ing rooms. as well as a refresh
ment lounge and soda bar, were
included in the program.
TO further the high purpose
Of religious worship plans called
for the construction of 47S
C apels. In appearance. the
chapels resemble the typical
small church of the average
American communicative slant
rooted frame building with
steeplc al the front, Each
chapel has an electric organ
and seating capacity for
about 400 soldiers and is so de-
signed and equipped that serv-
ices of any denomination can
he conducted.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-09-24
Recognized Shortage
of Regular Officers

cat the outset it was appar-
ent that the limited number Of
regular army officers would be
spread extremely thin and the
orderly development during the
early stages of the emergency
could not have proceeded with
out utilizing the reservoir Of
reserve icers who were
brought TO active duty in in
creasIng numbers as the eXpan-
sion proceeded.
National guard officers
came in with their own units,
and as a rule were not avail
able for the new units organized
incidental 10 the passage of the
Selective Service Act.
tln anticipation of the even
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-09-24
on Atlantic Bases
Work Commences

In January. 1871. work was
started on the Atlantic bases
lease d from Great Britain,
huge program, involving con-
struction OF permanent housing,
temporary h ouSing, alrfields.
Notifications and miscellaneous
technical facilities.
with the approach OF war.
this program was accelerated
and expanded 10 include addi-
tlonal bases in the Caribbean
area, while in July. 1871. work
was started on the construction
of -taCTfTtTeS m Greenland.
Late in l94l efforts were di-
rected toward construction Of
supply routes 10 our own over
seas possessions and 20 those OF
the Allied nations. The first Of
these provided a chain OF air
fields for delivery OF airplanes
10 some of our Pacific island
outpost Australia and the
South Pacific area.
Attention was also given 10
air routes over the North and
South Atlantic; air facilities i
the northeast portion of South
America We're expanded and
work was started in the Red
Sea area. Iran and Iraq, 10 de-
velop ports and rail and high
way transportation facilities.
Construction problems OF al
most every variety have been
encountered; some ferry route
aIrfieldS have merely been
graded and permitted 10 freeze
others were paved with steel
mats, whIie still others have
bCru uvrrta1f with C0ncreTe--
tHouSing has varied from
simple wooden structures used
in theatcrs Of operations 10
brick and tile buildings in
South America. Housing in
areas adjacent 10 the Arctic
Circle is Of special design. with
plenty Of insulation, vestibules
and storm windows.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-09-24
Knowledge Test
BY DR.. sABINA II. CONNOLLY

y I'm NAblNA ~. NON y OLL
What is it made Of. (a)
Yarmouth; (b) roe; tc)
tortillas?
What IS the attraction for
visitors to this city; ta)
Dearborn, Mich; Cbl Han
nlbal, Mo; (c) Rochester,
Mimi?
}-In airplane language what
IS: ta) duck; tb) ceiling
zero; (c) struts
What poem begins: ta)
Listen my children, and you
shall hear; (b) Half
league. half a league; (c)
Not A drum was heard, not
a funeral note
Choose your answer: (a) Is
the Great Salt Lake in
United States or Canada:
Oh IS Mt. Fuliyama in
China or Japan, CO. is the
Congo RIveS IN Asia or
Africa
ANSWER yes or no. ta) Is
Shakespeare buried in West
minister a b b ey. Cb) did
George Bernard Shaw write
Cinderella" (cJ was Queen
Victoria called the widow
of Windsor?
In aviation talk, what is:
ta) Pancake landing (b)
ZOOm. tcl an alrway?
5-If A turkey weighs half its
own weight and 10 pounds,
how much does IL wcich7
ANSWERS on Opposite Page
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-09-24

program, " h i c h figure, by
March. 1913. had fallen to some
what over $4,000.
EAT that time about - s per
cent of the authorized projects
mad been completed, an addl-
TIonaI 6I- per cent Mere ready
tor use and IT'S per cent were
under construction and only 0.3
per cent Of the total authorized
had not been started.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-09-24

to motor transport duties are
not only taught the basic prin-
CipleS of operating army We
hlclc2 bat also elementary re-
pair and maintenance work.
Women, whose tests indicate
they have aptitudes, may be as
signed 10 schools for radio oper-
atorS and .repalrmen, or given
instruction IN Photographic tech
.nIqlcS and developing and print
!nG pictures and camera use and
lCnaIr
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-09-24

greater expansion To come there
was established during the sum-
mer Of 1871 a number of officer
candidate schools designed 10
give special training TO enlisted
men who had displayed out
standing qualities of leadership
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-09-24
Big Increase Is Made
in General Officers

Early in 1913 when the Of.
fcer shortage IN the army had
been overcome, procurement
from civil life was restricted TO
professional and technical spe-
ClalistS not otherwise obtainable,
and gradual reduction in the
capacity and output Of the Of
ficer candidate schools was
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-09-24

initiated 10 keep step WITH tire
decline I'm the expansion rate of
the army.
Success or failure of military
campaigns and the welfare of
rnnurnerabfe lives are dependent
-upOn dCCIs1OnS- made by general
officers. Our generals. there
fore, are selected from men who
have measured up TO the high
est standards OF military skill
who have demonstrated a COM
prehenSlVe understanding OF
modern methods of warfare and
W h SSesS the physical
stamina, moral courage, strength
of character and the fleXibilty
of mind necessary 10 carry the
burdens which modern combat
conditions impose.
eve had on juno 50. 1913,
1865 general officers 10 COM
mand and staff the army This
represented a net increase of
722 during the past two years
-. as shown IN the following
table:
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-09-24

cor the 910 active list regular
army generals, S65 were tenn
porary appointments only in
general officer grades, while 45
held permanent rank in those
grades. Although only about
81 per cent of the army'S COM
mlsSioncd strength was made up
of national guardsmen, some
what over Z per cent of the
army'S general officers had
come from the national guard.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-09-24

tive capacities at the various
headquarters.
tPfans for the increase Of the
army during the calendar year
of 1913 provide for approx
=mately l50,G00 w A CS. an
equivalent in size to almost 10
divisions of soldiers released for
combat duty.
con July l, 1913, the Presi-
dent signed a bill changing the
status of the corps from an aux
Hilary serving with the army 10
a component of the army and
giving the members the right 70
army ratings, grades, privileges,
responsibilities and benefits.
"a factor of vital importance
in the development of the army
has been the insiStence that
high standards Of leadership be
maintained throughout all
echelons.
The basis of the structure
was a nucleus of $4,000 regular
army officers augmented by
2l,000 national guard and no.
600 reserve officers. the great
proportion of whom were not on
active duty.
duty.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-09-24
A BOBBY Trap FOR Youths

WITH the approval and sanction of the
w Communist Party and of course with the
benedictoH of Moscow. the Young Communist
League is going TO CHANGE ITS. NAME and
camoufage lis character and make itself the
leader Of new youth movement in America
For the guidance Of the comrades, young and
old, the whole scheme has been presented in the
two leading organs of the Communist Party-the
monthly magazine The Communist and the New
York DAILY Worker"
UNDER IT'S NEW MAKEUP. THE OUTFIT
THAT NOW CALLS ITSELF THE YOUNG
COMM MIST LEAGUE WILL STRIVE TO
CREATE \ "NEW, BROAD ANTI-FASCIST
YOUTH ORGANIZATION By "CO-OPERAT-
NC WITH COMM MIST YOUTH
GROUPS IN RELIGIOUS EDUCATIONAL.
ATHLETIC, SOCIAL AND OTHER FIELDS.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-09-24
July June go Net

(ThiS increase. however. did
not keep pace with the eXpan-
sion Of the army for on July l,
1871. there was one general Of
ficcr for every group Of 42il
officers and enlisted men. while
on June 80. 1913, there was one
10 $3.50
cor these LOGS generals, rs
were officers of the reserve
corps. 80 from the national
guard and nine were promoted
10 brlgadier general after being
commissioned in lower grades
directly from civil life OF those
holding commissions in the reg
ular army, AZ were retired Of
ficers on active duty.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-09-24
Valuable Functions
Performed Overseas

TN addition. a numherhaYe
been shipped 10 overseas sta
tons and are performing valu-
able functions IN activities as
chauffeurS. and in administra-
tive capacities at the various
Headquarters
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-09-24
81 CARRIER
EARLY

All money sent az senders risk. Do not
send cash or stamps. All checks. drafts
and money orders should BE- made payable
70 THE TINES PUBLISHING COMPANY
international News Service has the eXclu-
sive rights ~ use for reproduction IN any
form All news dispatches credited ~ II or
not Otherwise credited In THIS paper.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-09-24
DEfR0lTs FINES

Published every Week DAY Evening and
sunday Morning by The Times Publishing
Company At 1925 Times square. Detroit
81. Michigan.
Entered at Detroit. Mich. as Second Class
Mail Matter.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-09-24

Subscription rate Gin advance) by mail
n any place IN the United States. Canada
or Mexico con Canadian subscriptions
add l01o TO cover war import taxi
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-03-05
PRESS ESSENTIAL
 ASSERTS HALLECK
Chooses Newspapers Over Bureaucrats as Guardian
 of Rights

Washington, March 5. - (UP) - Representative Charles A. Halleck, R., Ind, told the House today that the press of the nation must be classed as an essential war industry and given consideration as such."
 The list of newspaper accomplish Inents in the war effort is endless. Halleck said. He suggested that some of the paper used by govern ment bureaucrats could "more properly" be allotted to newspapers which have been cut 10 per cent.
 Let us not tolerate any careless ness and groundless opinions on the part of those who drafted these regulations and who threaten further curtailment in the amounts of paper which newspapers can use," he declared.
 If there are some whose anil mostly leads them to attempt to destroy the newspapers which stand between them and their goal, let us seek them out and render them harmless.
 For when you destroy the news papers you destroy one of the most effective internal implements of war and of peace which this nation possesses"
 EIalleck asked the members to review and try to calculate the thousands of communications and regulations of which the public must be informed, adding:
 "Only newspapers through their printed pages can set out quickly and in detail the lengthy comph- cated regulations which can be studied and kept before the individ- ual citizen. Only newspapers can keep pace with day-to-day changes"
 He cited press cooperation in food rationing, enlistment drives, band-selling campaigns industrial production efforts, seiective service, and scrap collection as few ex- amples.
 with such record before us, 1t Is incomprehensible that there should be same who should incline to classify newspapers as nori-essen- tial and dispensable, and. for in- stance, should mistakingly and un- necessarily seek to reduce the amount of paper which they may use," he added.
 q. If were to choose bee tween the bureaucrats and the newspapers for Q guardian of the rights of man, I would unhesitating- ly choose the newspapers."
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-03-05
ARMY WRECKER ! HANDLES WIRED
 GUNSLIKE TOYS
BY JACK RUFFNG United Press Staff Correspondent


 Camp Butner, N. O., March S. CUP)-Several hundred soldiers, standing knee-deep in mud, heard an officer command Back there. men," the M-7 mount gun chugged In muck, once, twice, three times. and 1t appeared as though 1t would be out of action until dry weather came again.
 The big death-dealer was useless. maybe. Suddenly, from over the knoll Q powerful wrecker came into sight, made an about face some 75 feet from the mount and the bust- ness of rescue at war; rang true once more. A half-dozen strong arm soldiers piled off the wrecker and started attaching chains and cables to the disabled wielder of de. struction.
 "Ready, go," the commanding of- ficer shouted, and gears started to grind .. there was traction, an- other shout, "start your motor" and slowly the gun mount was guided from its marshy bed, destructive as ever, ready for action.
 Tn Africa2 Somewhere" in Asia2 Or the tungles of New Guinea?
 Aim Is "Keep Elm Moving
 Neither. It was a demonstration at Camp Butner, where the 78th Lightning" Division. under com 1nand of Maj. Gen. Edwin P. Parker, Jr., undergoes intensive training - as near actual battle conditions as possible.
 The big M-1 wrecker carried on the Keep 'em moving" policy of the 778th Ordnance company, com- 1nanded by Capt. Fred V. Noel. It was dependable, powerful and ex- act.
 It. 8. M. Posner stood on the hood of jeep, directing and explaining tactics. The recovery was made and he said That's your job, it's tough and nasty--but. we'll do it."
 "Tt's only through actual practice that you'll know exactly what to do and when to do it." he said. "1t's simple here and it's not real, but if you master this technique you'll know what's what if and when."
 MOUHo MHCnlnG SnOp
 The M-1 wrecker is a regular trav- cling machine shop, complete with tools from midget wrench to weld- ing apparatus. It can handle gun mounts like they were toys. Mounted on 8 heavy chassis, the motive pow CT is a 138-horsepower 6-cylinder engine, which also furnishes power for winding and unwinding the winches and boom.
 The rear has a traction power of 30 tons, the front winch 10 tons and the boom a direct lift power of 10 tons.
 One of the United States fore most weapons, the M-7 gun Is fear ed by Axis troops everywhere. Pow cred with an aircraft engine, 1t has an edge of to 10 miles an hour over tanks. The basic weapon is a 105-unrn. howitzer used in tank de- Struction within 1000 to 2,000-yard Sang9. In addition, 1t carries 50 caliber anti-aircraft weapon that moves on swivel.
 It's prime purpose is to cut in at the rear of tank column, blast the last tank and move up the line to deal out more punishment. On dry land its without parallel. In muck and mire-it's deadly on the move or Bunken. But the dependable wreck CT helps Keep 'em moving"
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-03-05

day KNOW these 1s7
  Ofer Never before made such deal with special the grand with By special with
 
 SPRING in nghbr get the this ceda offer you ave yourself to hame
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-03-20
Il War Housing Sites
Are Leased 10 j. ).
On $1-a-Year Basis
Lease Instead Of Buy
Is FPHA Slogan on
Temporary Projects

More than a score of citizens have
leased war housing sites to the Gov
eminent for 81 year, Commissioner
Herbert Emmerich Of the Federal
Public Housing Authority an
nounced today.
OF the 12l sites recently leased,
ne said, 81 were obtained in a $l-a-
year basis. Four of these sites, To-
Gated in Mobile. Ala, were obtained
from the heirs of the estate of Au-
gustine Meaher, pioneer Mobile real
estate dealer.
Others are located in Hartford,
Conn; Wilmington. Del; VAN
couver, Wash: Great Falls, Mont;
Flagstaff. Ariz.; La Junta, Colo;
Charleston, Ind: Velasco, Tex;
Prichard, Ala; Port Wentworth.
Ca; Garfield, Lark, Orem and
Tooele, Utah; Golconda and Mill
City, New.
The 121 leased sites, comprising
4,192 acres with land value of S.
302 ,298 were obtained by the author
ity at combined annual rental of
$199,534.
Lease instead of buy wherever
possible" is the policy Of the FPHA
in obtaining sites for temporary
projects under the National Hous-
ing Agency's war housing program,
Mr.. Emmerich said.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-03-20
$4,000 Housing Units
Publicly Financed
In January-February
U. S. Authority Says
273,000 Projects
Completed Since War

The Federal Public Housing Au-
thority during the first two months
OF this year placed under con-
tract approximately $4,000 publicly
financed housing units, as compared
with 10000 units contracted for
during the last four months of 1912,
Cot missioner Herbert Emmerich
said today.
This represented over one sixth
OF the total volume since 1910. Mr..
Emmerich reported that about 273,-
900 units have been completed since
the beginning of the war housing
emergency.
Stepup in Activity.
The stepup in activity under this
phase of the National Housing
Agency's overall war housing pro-
gram reflects procedures established
by the FPHA to shorten the period
OF pre-construction operations. i'm
proved access to building materials.
and broadening activity by private
contractors in seeking contracts for
publicly financed war housing prof.
ects, Mr. Emmerich said.
Bid openings on recent construc-
ton contracts for FPHA projects
have had an increased number of
participants. indicating the wisdom
OF continuing the FPHA's policy of
awarding all contracts on a lump
sum competitive basis" he said:
Although empowered to award
contracts on fixed fee basis. the
FPHA has used this form of con-
tract only in unusual cases and has
maintained general policy of plac-
ing contracts on the basis of COM
petitive bids.
The FPHA will continue this
policy and will award no fixed fee
contracts except under emergency
conditions which prevent the award
OF contracts on a competitive basis"
Mr. Emmerich said.
Many contractors engaged in
(See HOUSING, Page BIZ
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-03-20
Historic Estate
Near EHcott City
Changes Hands

Howard Lodge, an historic estate
near Ellicott City, Md, where Fran
els Scott Key spent his boyhood, has
been purchased by Arthur J. Linn,
comptroller of the Hamilton Ma
tional Bank. The property includes
main house which was built in
pre-Revolutionary War days. The
429- tract was sold by John H
Bobst.
1t is understood that Mr.. Linn
expects to farm the place and leave
the banking business. His house.
hold furniture here is expected to be
moved into the main home this week
'end. Sale of the Maryland property
was negotiated through the Offices
of Theodore F, Menk and the Robert
L. McKeever Co.
The main mansion has a double
living room featuring large fire.
place. The original slave quarters
are part of the home and have a
fireplace that takes up most of one
wall, This apparently was used for
cooking, heating and boiling clothes.
One room. now converted to a
clubroom. has hand-hewn exposed
beams and has balcony running
around all four walls. This is 10
Gated in wing of the three STORY
house.
According to the original patents
the estate was part of the land grant
to the Howard family by the British
crown. At present it has two ten
ant houses and large barns for
dairying as we'll as stable. Nearby
is an old blacksmith shop. An old
type of smokehouse for curing meats
is a short distance from the main
residence.