davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-08-15
Italian Front

During the early hours of last Sunday
great numbers of British-based Lancas-
ter bombers began bringing the war home
to Italy when they spread destruction
in Milan, Genoa and Turin, in the heart
OF Italy's industrial area where fully two
thirds of her war industries are located.
The triple attack was the heaviest on
Italy proper since Gen. Eisenhower
warned the ItsAan people that the period
OF grace for peace overtures had passed
The Royal Arsenal and the Fiat Motor
Works in Turin were especially hard hit
by the raid The damage in Milan was
described as grave and all quarters of the
city were affected. 1t was reported that
Milan is to be evacuated.
The British also dropped leaflets on
which appeared Gen. Bodoglios picture
beneath which was printed, ironically,
his statement, The war goes on
Following the raid demands grew in
London that Rome be bombed again and
Friday swarm of 500 American planes
flew over Rome to give the Italian cap
ital its second taste of warfare at home.
The raid centered largely on the San
through which the German troops now
being evacuated from Sicily must pass if
they seek TO withdraw 10 the line being
prepared at the Pc River. Again, as on
the first raid, the American flyers we're
carefully drilled to prevent any acci-
dental bombing of the Vatican. Every
plane returned safely
Just prior to the raid or Rome Milan
and Turin underwent their second at
tack of the week when Thursday night
more than 1000 British-based planes
gave the two cities their most devastating
bombing of the war. Even the Italian
newspapers admitted the extent of the
destruction in Milan where it was said
the whole sky was alight and where solid
blocks were reduced to great masses of
rubble within which many persons are
believed to have perished
On Sicily, the Allied forces pushed
steadily forward as the Germans under
the protection of 500 or more massed
antiaircraft guns sought to withdraw
their troops by boats, 80 of which con-
stantly shuttled from Messina across to
the mainland which is now in full view
OF British troops moving up from Ca
tania
The only serious resistance now is
against the combined Allied force which
Is battling strong rear-guard action after
taking Randazzo, north of Mount Etna
A series of landings behind the lines
along the north coast made by American
troops served to speed the retreat in that
area until the Axis position became
hopeless and the evacation was started
under strong Allied air harassment
The landings behind the lines were car
Tied on with the aid of naval forces and
served not only to make the enemys sit
uation perilous, but also as training
under fire for further landings else
where.
Internally in italy, the public resent
ment over continuation In the war is
Evening star., 1943-08-15
Czech Workers Escape

Several instances of Czech and slovak
workers escaping from German labor
camps have become known recently,
Some of them clandestiriely arrived
home and others failed to return To
Germany from leave spent at home.
Some have even succeeded in escaping
abroad. A number of Czechs employed
in Southern Austria have recently
escaped to Slovenia, where they Joined
the Yugoslav guerrillas. One young
man from Moravia, who was put into
the Todt Organization with many fellow
citizens in November, 1912, and has since
been engaged In building Notifications
on the French Atlantic coast, arrived in
Switzerland at the end of April. He had
escaped from the strongly guarded naval
barracks In the French coastal town.
Evening star., 1943-08-15
Russian Front

The unbroken series of successes of the
Red armies since the German offensive
against the Orel-Belgorod salient failed
began to assume the characteristics of a
back-breaking defeat for the Nazis on
the eastern front as the week drew to a
close
After the capture of Belgorod and
Orel, the Russians appeared to be CEN
terlng on the by-passing of Kharkov and
a drive southeastward in an effort to
sever lines of communications to the
Germans still extending out toward the
Caucasus. Suddenly Kharkov became
main objective and by yesterday morn
ing the Reds had driven to point
within mile of the city proper, having
captured the suburbs The fall of the
city appeared imminent as the week
ended, thus threatening the position of
all German troops in that area who are
now north of the Dnieper River.
Equally as important as the success in
the Kharkov region was a new offensive
launched Friday night and Saturday
morning toward Bryansk and Smolensk,
thus extending the present front of in
tense action over distance of 500 miles.
The new drive broke through the Ger
man lines over a stretch of 81 miles of
the Smolensk front and the Reds moved
13 miles nearer the key city through
which pass the main lines of German
supply from East Prussia.
Continued success in the action for
the Reds might force the Germans to
abandon all territory they now hold
north of the Dnieper River and seek to
stand on defense lines across that vital
stream.
The fall of Kharkov became assured
Thursday when the advancing Reds,
cutting in behind the industrial city,
severed the rail line to Poltava which
lies between the city and the Dnieper.
Should the drive continue on down to
Pavlograd, some 80 miles to the SOUTH
east, the rail line to the Caucasus and
the Crimea also would be cut, threat
which would force a general withdrawal
of the Nazis.
AS the week closed the Germans re-
ported that the Reds are continuing to
pour In many fresh troops and much
new equipment.
During the seven days the Reds have
recaptured scores Of populated places
and are almost within reach of the
high-water mark of their last winters
offensive from which they were forced
back when the Germans started their
Inflated spring drive.
Evening star., 1943-08-15
Back to HandwOrk

Shoemakers and hand weavers are
badly wanted, according to German
controlled Prague newspaper. The
production of handmade shoes has been
revived and skilled shoemakers are
wanted; skilled weavers can find employ
ment in Nova Paka and Chrudim, :"
What 1t amounts to is that the Germans
are not interested in replacing the badly
strained and dismantled machines in
many Czech shoe and textile factories,
and Czech industry is obliged to 90 back
to the methods of 80 or so years ago and
TO bring back retired handcraftsmen.
Before the war Czechoslovakia was the
greatest shoe exporting country of the
world.
Evening star., 1943-08-15


Industrial areas of Northern Italy.
Rome and Berlin have been bombed
again. and Reuters dispatch reports
that steps have been taken to declare
Rome an open city.
force of African based bombers flew
2.500-mile round trip to drop $4,000
pounds of bombs on the Messerschmitt
aircraft factory at Wiener Neustadt, in
Austria
The curtain is about to ring down on
the Sicilian campaign with the Germans
seeking desperately to ferry their troops
trapped in the area between Mount Etna
and Messina to Italy, where they may
face further entrapment if the Allied
naval bombardment of Naples which was
almost unopposed is any criterion of the
feasibility of landings up the shin of
the italian boot.
Over in the Pacific only a small mop
ping up operation is needed to place
New Georgia Island completely in Amer
lean hands. while cruising down from
the Aleutians force of American
bombers ralded Paramushiro on the
northern tip of the Kurile Islands to
emphasize the message already deliv-
cred to that base and to Toxic that the
war is moving in on Hirohito and his
followers
1t was revealed also that Prime Min
lister Churchill is back on this side of the
Atlantic to confer with President Roose-
welt. and it may be assumed that the
plans they work out will hold nothing
l>,,t
which lie ahead.
Big Events in Making
Every indication is that big events are
In the making and that stirring news
may not be far distant. In fact, in Lon
don the discussion now is of the posi-
bility of victory this year in Europe, an
optimistic viewpoint arising out of great
increases of fully trained American and
Canadian troops in England, the report
ed plan to close off large coastal areas
for military purposes, the presence of
many high ranking officers from many
front in London and the great increase
in the number of air fields
Even in Germany the fact that the
tide has turned was frankly admitted
Wy LII. ocIl. DlcbHldI, WHO UOlQ
German people over the radio that Ger
many and her allies everywhere are on
the defensive.
The unrest in neutral countries and
In the Balkan satellites is much more
pronounced and there was prediction
that when Kharkov falls to the Rus
slams, Bulgaria may revolt and quit the
Axis. Other encouraging signs came
with the report that Italy has stopped
the shipment of supplies to Germany,
an action which brought German re-
taliatory ban on the shipment of goods
from Sweden through Germany to Italy.
In the Pacific Gen. Macarthur, who
has been long on accomplishment, but
short on prediction, declared that Japan
Is now definitely on the defensive and
that future action will be along lines
initiated by the Allies
Evening star., 1943-08-15
Streetcar Police

The Nazis have installed a special
streetcar police with the task of main
tanning order and the security of Prague
streetcar traffic" These auxiliary police
men wear civilian clothes and posses
special badges which they exhibit only
when intervening. The new police doubt
less have also been assigned to watch
travellers, overhear talk and act as prov
ocatAllrS.
Evening star., 1943-08-15
Bv Paul J. e., Friedioudpr


Only a soldier who has reached for a
slit trench under aerial bombardment
can truly appreciate the unique defensive
advantage Of Kiska Island
The top soil of this barren Aleutian
island is soft and its consistency makes
for easy slit trench digging. The soft
earth also gives more easily under the
bomb impact, absorbing the explosive
shock and lessening-even though only
slightly-its destructive power.
Other than this, not much can be said
in Kiska's favor. The weather, typical
of the Aleutian Islands, is generally bad
Wind, rain, fog and 100-mile AN hour
gales are the regular weather diet,
whipped up by the meeting of the warm
japanese current with cold air of the
Bering Sea.
Although Kiska had been United
States naval reserve for 20 years before
Pearl Harbor 1t was virtually unin-
habited save for a few Aleuts and a
meteorological crew that was captured
with the island in Japan's June 1942)
occupation. Landings and fights over
the island had been prohibited for many
years.
So rough is the mountainous terrain
that forms the backbone of the 2O-mile-
long island, especially in the north, that
the Japanese never occupied that section
to any great extent while constructing
virtual fort out of the area from Kiska
Harbor south
Little Kiska Island, protecting the
mouth of Kiska Harbor, bristles now with
heavy naval guns and antiaircraft en-
placements designed to discourage United
States planes from low level bombing
Evening star., 1943-08-15
Byrd
Continued From Page C-1)

autos used by Federal employees, 1t found
there were six and half tires for every
car, while civilians had been cut to five
tires for every car.
Tires Put in Pool.
That brought the Office of Defense
Transportation (ODT in swinging. Tires
on Federal cars were reduced to civilian
quota, and the extras (about 100, 900
tres were put in a pool from which all
Government agencies now get replace
ments.
uncle Sans telephone bill has been
taoulated. This doesn't include Armv
and Navy calls. But in the last half of
1912 the Government spent s15,573,833 81
1or phone, wire and BILE. Five agencies
spent more than million each for such
messages-the Office of War Information
(OWD, WPB and the Commerce, Agri.
culture and State Departments.
Fourteen agencies had more long
distance calls than they did local calls,
The desire to COMM . enlarged
everywhere. Even the Archives
ran up larger COM. cations bill
from Al to 43. 1t went up from Sc 904
to Sl0,720. The increase even rippled
through the Smithsonian Institution
where the Government preserves Indian
relics the dresses of First Ladies, Lind
bergh's plane, and such. It's bill went
up from $5,682 to S9,O59.
The WPB people seem to get around
the most. In the last half of 1912 they
bought the most railroad and airplane
tickets
WPB also is in the upper strata on
salaries 1t has. by far, the most en-
ployes paid more than $4,000 a year. To
be exact, 5,30l people
Seeks Cut of 10000.
What's ahead?
Byrd has asked for a cut of 300 900
people from the Federal payroll. That's
up to the Budget Bureau. But Byrd saws
he will present bill to Congress ask
ing the cut if it doesn't materialize
otherwise
The next Investigations of the COM
mittee will take up the use of free
mail, the Reconstruction Finance Cor
poration ,RFC) setup. and the unex-
pended balances for war purposes.
Right now the unspent funds total
s20C000 100000 although Congress still
gets requests for new appropriations.
On July l unexpended balances were
more than twice as much as had been
paid out for the war.
These are some of the reasons Byrd's
name is mentioned so often down Con-
stitution avenue.
Like the time an administration leader
was signing an important Government
paper He was using several pens so his
friends could have them as mementoes
A photographer suggested that he
hold up the fstful of pens for a pic
ture.
Not on your life" chuckled the ON
eial. Byrd might sss the picture"
Evening star., 1943-08-15
milling Russian Front and Imminent Loss of Sicily Blows Axis
Americas 18th Week of War
206th Week of World War II
By Howard p. Bailey.

piled
week which
In the
witnessed
cImactc which
The driving Russian offensive has pushed inside the Kharko
despite frantic the
Whole picture the front
Evening star., 1943-08-15

growing and it has been necessary to
establish heavy military patrols in the
north as antiwar leaders urge a general
strike in all industry. There were many
reports that Gen. Badoglio is seeking
an honorably way out of the war.
Evening star., 1943-08-15

autos used by Federal employees 1t found
there were six and half tires for every
car, while civilians had been cut to five
tires for every car.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1943-08-28
WHAT WILL THE ANSWER BE?
RATIONING

The Blue stamps L. v. and W
in War Ration Book two become
valid on Sept ! and viii remain
GOOD Tor huyinr PROGRESSED foods
through OCT 90. the Office OF
frice administration announced
this week.
This will keep in effect the
plan announced last month Of all
lowing consumers a period of one
month plus 90 DAYS IN which 10
spcnd each set Of ration stamps.
stamps r. 5. and T. validated
90 Aug / viii be good through
sept 20 SO hat consumers VIII
have siN sets Of blue ration stamps.
AN those lettcrcd r through ",
inclusive with which 10 buy pro-
cessed foods during tho first
twenty days cf September
Allowing housewives n longer
period in which to spend their
proccsscdf food stamps should make
II easier 20 plan purchases Of
rationcd foods Expired stamps
which are not used should be
promptly destroyed
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1943-08-28

We happened 70 meet each other
lie said he loved me and wants
me 10 always remember that no
matter what happens I'll always
be the same 10 him. realized
that ] did love him not with
the passionate. fatnous love I've
experienced hi; rather true
understanding love The real tidng.
I'm willing 10 wait for him II !
we're 20 marry someone else
couldn't be true because I'm all
ways love this ono Should
promise 70 walt for him
Ans: II you give your prom
i>e TO wait you would virtually
he hanging milestone around
your neck. II i hest not to pledge
f, onrsclf to this soldier. nor in
Sist that he do likewise. Promise
him TINT you VIII write him and
n far as you know now. viii
cherish the day when he returns
n n civilian. When the war i
over and when he has established
himself in business ii he still feels
that he loves YOU and wants You
as his wife you VIII give him
,onr promises then II you still
fcel the same way.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1943-08-28
Barber Fined For
Violation OF City
Sanitary Codes

George Taylor. 22S7 sherman.
vas found guilty Of violating the
State BARRIERS Act in Recorders
court last Monday a hne OF s25
was levied against him James
r Kylcs and Axel f. Anderson.
safe barber inspectors, testified
thar The ywent 10 Taylor5s barber
shop on sherman street and found
the place in very unsanItary con-
duion, They further stated that
the place was net equipped with q
sterilization dip. hot WAFER faclli-
ties and no clean towels were on
hand Also It was brought out that
raylr was operating a shop with
otu obtaining a BARRIERS license.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1943-08-28

racy and at once began to inquire into it, IlistcAed
both coored and white Americans talk and explain their
points Of view and their experiences of each other and
the division deeper daily understand the
full reality of judice and its effect upon both col
ored and white people.
The continued practical state Of nferorty, however
unjust and undeserved does affect much the coored
individual and indeed the whole group. Similarly
false assumption Of superiority because Of affects Just
as unfortunately the white man and bis groun. Race
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1943-08-28
Johnny Doughboy


The war 10 me seemed distant
until Johnny Doughthoy fell
Reported died in action, and we
knew him. oh. 40 we'll;
! never thoucht about the war,
until Johnny brought Il home.
seven days IN the wide Pacific.
mid the dashine waves and foam.
Four DAYS ne floated on mere
life buoy
The ocean sharks were his con-
voy
But Johnny caught pneumonia
and struggle as he may;
Our own little Johnny was dead
ny noon Of the next day
Johnny will always he remem-
bered as our hero OF today
Although now he's in the Pacific
probably buried IN mud and clay.
627 Almyra Avenue.
Monroe. Mich.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1943-08-28
Corporal Promoted

sELFRiDGE FIELD. Mich II
Col Lniher Rufford has been
raised to The grade ~ sergeant
at sclfridre Field. base Of the
Army AIR forces
His home IS 1924 Brush Detroit
Mich. He has been in The Army
since July 1912 The promotion
was gained through diIigent serv-
ice n was announced by Joseph
A. Murphy, Captain. Air corps.
his immediate commanding Off
GER.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1943-08-28

KrGIsrrR 10 vOrT-
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1943-08-28

cwn people ~ are divided hv
prejudice ore group against ar-
ether
You see how impoftan, yon have
become You IRE no longer
minority group in one nafin
You have become The touch-s'one
Of democracy Ia our own country
IN The world
For IN sense America has
lcnT been The land Of dream for
many peoples Many lraians To-
day hoping Tor freedom look a.
this moment 70 our country wai
America really stand for freedom
for all7 DO ne four freedoms Az
ply 70 an Indian in India1 lie
does not know bu, ne hopes
And Chinese fighting 50 hraveiy
and lons aFainsf the bitter enc
my they hook 10 America VIII
America help the Chinese asthev
are helping the English Ana
after The war is over. will Amer
leans give 70 Chinese an equal
rlace The place thex--deserre
tho worlds China does not know
These are the two countries
who have suffered most heavfy
from the race prejudice ~ No
white man Ana yet whv DO 7
not speak Of the millions in Java
and the South Seas and III be
Philippines and in Africa and he
Arabs They look t. Amerita WHO
has never wanted an empire 1ho
fought p war Tor freedom from az
empire and foueh, another pa-
10 free her own slaves surely
America will be IN their siae-
Yet who dares 70 promise 'hcm
that We Will be, dare no To-
day II IS ny greatest shame thar
when one - these peoples puts
The question TO mo ME America
give us real equality 81 treatment
after this War, can onlv say 7
don't know
And the reason don't know
that dare. ror promise that
am no, sure ot the righteousness
OF my own people in ne world
Is because OF MSS miserable race
prejudice az home which denies
equality 70 dark skin cnrn,t
Promise that dark skin in India
or IN China will have what We
have not given our own
You see how important Ameri
can democracy has become do
mocracy which is no, Democracy
unless 4 grows out of human
equality yon understand thar
there are millions of people IA
The world who are losing hope
For n America The great ire
good treats It's DARK citizens less
kindly than rs white what hope
have they whai IS lef, for them
% a. except 70 prepare them
selves for war and fight for them
selves
Well one may say. Ter this be
so The white man has had his
day and nov Lei the eclored man
have his
To this car only answer that
freedom and equality are tho
precious things am that those
would s'iH he lost u does nor
natter from no viewpoin' of
aecns Of history which IS urper-
most clored or white Pu Il
matters 10 ihe.yery bottrn II iife
whether Or not me trend ~ our
hone Is toward freed NJ and equal
iiy or away from II Do not
care whether colored or white
ruies--in ruler Il Is onl, no
individual that matters X there
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1943-08-28

RIG Recently ny mother re-
fused TO let NE write my boy
friend any more because Of the
way he acted when he was here
Should | write and tell him what
harpcncd9
! Ans: II isn't necessary. lie
know> why he hasn't heen recei,l Ing
mail from You. Let well enough
alone and obey your mother. She's
right. as usual.
LM.J. | am single girl In
high school 20 with n boy
and he swcars tha he loves mo
and wants 20 marry me. told
lin that 81 wouldn't he any use
for us 10 marry because we can't
agree on certain things Should
marry him or wait until some tall
figure comes along that will suit
mo- All my friends are marrying
Ans: Lei no mistaken feeling
Of kindness or pity Keep you from
telling this hoy the truth. You
don't love him and il would he
utterly ridiculous for you 10 mar
ry him and expect 10 learn 10
love him. It's true that girls are
getting married all around You
hut n wise Girl will wait until
She Is mature IN years and mind
before considering marriage. She
VIII be Intensely IN love with the
man If her choice and will know
positively that there isn't any 9TH
or man for her.
WR.C NV sister and arc
thinking OF Joining the wAcs. 10
,ou think we would be happy IN
this line Of work?
Ans: Sure you would. Uncle
sam needs thousands Of women IN
The service aud you two girls VIII
lind the work very interesting
There's no better way for young
women 10 serve their country.
Sc Please help me- IN my
troubles. Ny husband won't stay
al homie with me- He bought
some furniture and rented him
room lie has part Of his clothes
in It and part Of them here. He
siays there with other women and
I want my husband home with
me What must do'
Ans. Make him choose be-
tween living there With yon or
living IN his room. Let him know
that he can't have both. In the
meantime yon should find yon n
job and quit depending ON the
m,ager allowance that he gives
Yen whenever he feels like II. III
he loves YIN. he will give mp the
room aud come home.
MIMI My plans are TO enter
business school this fan and tale
general business course some
Of my friends have already gone
to work and arc making good
money. Should | get job now or
carry out my plans?
Ans: Your ambition i 20 work
in an office and your chances for
finding good paying office work
would he much greater we're you
10 enter business school and take
up the regular business training.
you could get work now hut II
wouldn't he the type that inter.
,sts you. II YOU are anxious TO
get work enter school now. Why
waltz
E.nP As write this letter
I'm hoping you'll beNble 10 help
me solve something that really
seems TO be a problem 20 me
70. years this bo, and have
attended the same church with
merely - casual ackn wlcdf nlent
Of each others presence. Recent
iy he vas home on a furlough and