Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-01-11

dustrial production rose by IS
per cent and agricultural produc-
ton by IS per cent between call
endar years 1910 and 1912. In
dustrial production has not been
delayed and crops have not been
lost because of lack of manpower
except in a few isolated cases.
More than 100000 people have
been added to the employed or
the armed forces since the sum-
mer of 1910, 100000 of whom
were unemployed and more than
100000 of whom are additions
to the Nations labor and armed
forces.
Manpower mobilization is now
entering a much more difficult
phase. During the calendar year
1943 approximately 5000, 900 peo-
pie will be needed above present
requirements for the armed serv-
ices and war production. This
number can be obtained by trans
ferring from less essential work
and by drawing into the working
force people who have not re-
Gently sought employment. Vigor-
Gus action is required to mobilize
and train our reserve of women
and young people, to accelerate
the transfer of workers to essen
tial industries and to reduce
harmful turnover and migration
of workers in essential industries.
It also requires prevention OF
labor boarding and elimination OF
hiring restrictions based on sex,
creed or race. I reiterate my pre-
vious recommendation for uni
fed and adequate rehabilitation
service to make available mil
lion persons for war industry and
to restore to civil employment
persons who are being disabled
in the armed forces.
Manpower needs of the armed
forces and of war production dur
ing the calendar year 1943 can be
met without impairment of es-
sential civilian requirements. I
stress the important distinction
between essential requirements"
and the thousand and one things
that are on-essentials or lux
uries. The production of these
non-essentials wastes manpower
at a time when careful economy
and greater efficiency in the use
of our manpower resources Is inn
perative. Private thought and
public discussion of this subject
are very necessary.
Equipment-Were it not for an
unprecedented program of con-
version and the building up of a
new war industry during the past
two and one-half years we could
not expect to fulfill the war-pro-
duction program outlined in this
message.
Some progress, but not enough,
has been made in spreading war
contracts more widely among
medium sized and smaller plants.
Further efforts are necessary. In
certain cases, of course, saving of
manpower and materials requires
concentration in those plants best
equipped to produce a given COM
modify.
Materials - Furthermore, war
production is limited by our sup
ply of raw materials. The avail
able materials must be trans
formed into the maximum of
striking power. The production of
less urgent or the wrong quantity
Of items or poor scheduling of
production in any single plant or
in the munitions program as a
whole, results in waste of precious
materials. The Nations war pro-
duction must be so scheduled that
the right items are produced In
the right amounts at the right
time.
War contracts-The procure
ment program must achieve max
imum production with minimum
waste and with the speed essen
tial in time Of war. This is the
controlling objective not only for
the original negotiation Of con-
tracts but also for the renegctia-
ton required by law. The law
provides for che prevention or re-
capture Of excessive profits. thus
experimenting and reinforcing
the detectives Of the excess profits
tax. I believe that control Of the
costs Of production Il Of equal
importance.
The proper negotiation and re-