Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-01-24


otherwise with Gen. de Gaulle, chief of
the most important of the illegitimate
regimes. His only titles to authority
are that he was Undersecretary of Ma
tional Defense in Paul Reynaud's Cabi-
net and that he continued at war on the
side of the Allies after Marshall Petain's
surrender which he denounced as I'M
necessary. Gen. de Gaulle brought to
the democratic side colonial territories in
Africa and Oceania with six times the
area Of France.
Notable Services.
Services afforded to the Allied cause by
refugee administrations have been
notable, and may exert more weight at
the peace conference than the argument
Of legitimacy. They have supplied 300,-
600 fighters on land and in the air, not
to speak of some 100000 guerillas in
Yugoslavia; 800 combatant vessels, from
cruisers to patrol boats, with 25,64o
officers and men, and about $500, 900
tons of cargo shipping. The Norwegian
merchant marine, one of the four largest
in the world, possesses high propor-
ton of tankers which in 1941 AZ carried
nearly half of the oil needed on Britain's
various fronts.
Poland and the Fighting French are
the only ones with independent mill
tary commands. The Polish Army of
100000 men is the largest; they were
mostly prisoners released from Russian
concentration camps following Ger
many's invasion of the Soviet Union.
The Poles, Fighting French, Greeks and
Norwegians have national air forces.
The Netherlands Navy also has q
separate air force. The Belgians,
Yugoslavs and Czechs, and the Dutch
Army, have squaorons in the Raj
volunteers reserves. Pilots from all the
conquered nations fought in the Battle
of Britain, and the Polish squadron
alone accounted for more than $50
Nazi planes.
When French Equatorial Africa de-
clared in favor or Gen. de Gaulle, it
brought to the Allies actual or poten-
tial supply routes for servicing the
Libyan and Near Eastern theaters. as
well as bases at which columns were
organized for the invasion of Tripoli
and Tunisia. The Belgian Congo pro-
vides the United Nations with tin, rub
Der, copper, cobalt, cotton. lead, ma
tural silk, industrial diamonds and
palm Oil. This colony also furnishes
an air highway over which American
supplies are flown to the Far East. The
occupied countries have put tens of
thousands of skilled workers in British
war factories.
Third Front" Tactics.
Underground movements engineered
in their home lands by the London
governments have become SO important
that they are sometimes known as the
third front" Favorite weapons are
sabotage and showdown tactics in Ger
man-controlled factories. Communica-
ton is maintained through personal
agents and daily radio messages to sec
ret listening posts from the British
Broadcasting Co. and the London wire
less station of the American Office of
War Information.
The exiled governments finance their
administrations and war efforts through
various devices. Thus far, only the
Dutch, Belgians, Norwegians and Yugo-
slavs have paid cash for all supplies and
expenses. Premier Pierlots regime de-
rives large revenues from the Belgian
Congo. The Dutch have not yet ex-
hausted profits drawn from the Neither
lands East Indies prior to their con-
quest by Japan. The gold stocks of
Norway and Yugoslavia were rushed to
safety by their fleeing governments.
The gold reserves of the Bank of
France were sent to Martinique, which
was controlled by Vichy until last ro-
vember 81. Poland, Belgium and Lux
embourg entrusted their gold to the
Bank of France. More than 100000 900
of Belgian and Luxembourg gold was
surrendered by Marshal Petain to the
Nazis. Poland's gold succeeded in es-
Gaping from Paris, but was frozen at
Dakar by Marshal Petains order. Be-
fore the war began in 1889 Czecho-
slovaEia was compelled to deliver 500
000000 in gold to the German Reichs-
bank.
The other governments subsist on
British or Soviet loans. American lend
lease arrangements have been made with
all the regimes save Luxembourg. Mill
tary expenses of the Poles and Fighting
French are met through loans, to be
repaid after the war. Most of the gov
ernments receive contributions from