davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-12-10

herself, under terms to be fixed at
the peace table.
Italians Still Complain.
But even after they have been
forced to admit the stability of the
new money the Italians still COM
plain. The country has been flooded
with 1t, they claim, and this is re-
sulting In imitation. Investigations
by Amg officials show this is alb
sured. Naturally, the payroll$ IF
the armies have put a lot of extra
money in circulation. The purc..a1l
OF soldiers have made business good
wherever they have been.
Almost overnight, in some towns,
prices on luxury articles have gone
up five-fold, sometimes ten-fold.
The American soldier is a rather
free spender. He is not inclined to
haggle over prices, according to the
Italian practice. Merchants we're
quick to sense this, and raised their
prices with cold-blooded cynicism.
But most of the stuff bought by
soldiers was stuff made to sell to
soldiers and its pricse should have
had no effect at all on the economic
life of the country. The troops did
not enter into purchasing competi-
ton with the Italian civilians. The
armies provided their own rations,
their own clothing.
The few meals purchased by SOL
diers Cn leave did not make dent
in the price of food The few pairs
of low grade silk stockings, bought
at several times their preinvasion
prices to mail to wives and sisters
at home, could hardly have affected
at all the clothing market for civil
ians. It could hardly have made
any difference to the ordinary Ital-
Ian how many dollar watches were
Evening star., 1943-12-10

sold, with appealing sureptitious-
ness In the secrecy OF back alleys,
for $40 and SIS.
AMG never attempted to fix prices
Of luxuries. This would have been
utterly impossible 1t would have
required an army of accountants
and experts in all lines. Then an
other army would have been needed
to enforce the schedules. 1t does
step in now and then. with the aid
OF the military police. to protect SOL
diers who are being too outrage
ously cheated and puts the premises
of some notorious business thief out
of bounds.
So Per Cent Sent Home.
1t has fixed the prices of the
staples of life at fair values and
has done it's best to enforce its
schedules.
Soldiers have not entered into
competition with civilians in the
purchase of these articles. Even in
the case of luxuries, the charge
against the American and British
soldier that he has flooded the coun-
try with easy money can easily be
disproved. He has, 1t appears, been
extremely careful of his money. For
example, an AMG investigation
shows, 86 per cent of the last Ameri-
can payroll in Sicily was promptly
mailed back to the United States in
the form of money orders. The SOL
dier will be cheated once, pay and
curse. He will not be cheated again
At present, the AMG officials say
the foreign exchange value of the
lira cannot make the slightest diff
ference in internal conditions since
no exports or imports are possible
1t is immaterial, so far as the
Italian businessman Is concerned
Evening star., 1943-12-10
More Truck Drivers
Take Strike Vote

BY the Associated Press.
ATLANTA, Dec. 10.-Strike votes
today were reported being taken
among truck drivers in several
Southeastern cities, where motor
freight movement was virtually
halted a month ago. An estimated
1900 men already were idle in At
lanta, Knoxville and Memphis,
Tenn.
Five hundred local pickup and de-
livery drivers, their helpers and
warehousemen voted here yesterday
to reject what the operators of the
Evening star., 1943-12-10
Italians Have Money Jitters With Introduction
OfInvosion Currency by British and u S. Armies

have been declared fair by his own
union. -
The price of clothing, of course,
is utterly out OF sight. Purchase
of pair of shoes would be major
investment for a millionaire.
The situation is somewhat compli-
Gated by the fact that from the
time of the Sicilian invasion, Amer
ican and British troops have been
paid in invasion currency The
Americans get, for the most part,
invasion lire printed In Washington
with values ranging from one to
1000 lire. They may be paid in gold
seal dollars. The British pay in
military occupation pounds and
shillings.
Occasionally somebody raises a
question as to the soundness of this
money which does not actually carry
on its face any promise of redemp-
ton in gold. Some Italian business
men in fixing prices have deliber-
ately fixed the value at half face
NdluC. llC ldCL 40 tiloO dlIy OdlAh
will exchange it for Italian lire at
face value and there is no possibil-
ity of losing on it. 1t is printed, by
the way, on much better quality
of paper. Italian lira soon disinte-
crate in the pocket.
Fixed Medium Of Exchange.
Now, Amg officials say, there was
only one reason for putting out this
currency-to porvide a medium of
exchange for the ordinary flow of
business augmented, as it was bound
to be, by the purchases of the
armies. 1t was desired to keep the
current medium of exchange some
thing with which the people were
familiar There were far from
enough lire in the country to 90
Evening star., 1943-12-10

around at the time of the invasion
The Fascist government. for one
thing, ordered all branches of the
Bank of Italy in Sicily-which
issued all paper lire-to burn the
money they had on hand so that it
would not fall into. the hands of the
invaders.
In Palermo and several other
cities this was done. Many millions
of lire were destroyed. This did not
involve any actual money loss, other
than for the labor involved in print
ing, for the notes had never beer
IN circulation. In continental Italy
Germans have been looting the
banks when Allied troops approach,
a city. The Bank of Italy branch
In Naples circumvented them by
storing the great bulk of its paper
lire behind a false wall.
Under these circumstances, Amp
ofhcials point out, there would have
been almost literally no lire with
which to buy anything. The in
vasion lire are exchanged freely for
the regular lire everywhere. They
can be traded for dollars or pounds
For example, any American soldier
can 60 to an Army post Office and
buy 500 money order consigned
to his bank at home for 10000 lire
notes, and it doesn't make the
slightest difference whether they are
invasion notes or pre-invasion
Italian notes. Both are accepted by
the Army on exactly the same
basis.
The question as to who will finally
redeem this invasion money remains
open. The joint honor Of the United
States and of the United Kingdom
is behind it. Probably the actual
redemption will be made by Italy
Evening star., 1943-12-10

whether the exchange is a tenth
'of cent or $40 When Italy again
enters world markets the value will
adjust itself to conditions at the
time.
The only effects of the arbitrarily
valued invasion money have been
to keep enough currency in circu-
lation to permit normal business
and to permit soldiers to make pur-
chases, at the time of the invasion,
at prices roughly equivalent to what
they would pay inythe United States
or the United Kingdom. 1t has
been responsible for no imitation
whatsoever. If anything it has
checked imitation little by fixing
the exchange rate of the lira con-
siderably higher than have the cold
biooded gamblers in Lisbon and
Geneva. Italy must look elsewhere
for the source of its economic woes
Evening star., 1943-12-10

Cent-l00 to the Thomas r. Henry.
dollar. 400 to the pound sterling.
This is responsible, they say, for
high prices, for widespread hunger,
for unemployment.
All this appears, once the facts
are known, to be utter nonsense,
but some Allied officers seem to be
taking it seriously.
The rate was decided on pre-
sumably after taking scores of fac
tors into account by financial ex-
perts in Washington and London.
The rate was, in a sense, excep-
tionally generous. In Ethiopia,
Libya and Tripoli the British had
fixed a rate of 460 to the pound.
The black market price in Switzer-
land and Portugal-probably the
fairest since it was arrived at solely
on cold business considerations
was approximately 600 to the pound
Evening star., 1943-12-10

/ But the prewar exchange value
of the lira was five cents. Some
how the italians seem to think
there is something wrong about
the great discrepancy. They will
point out, with some pretense OF
logic, that wages are based on a
f1ve-cent lira. An ordinary work
man, for example, gets about SO
lire a day, carpenter or brick
layer about 10 lire and an extremely
skilled mechanic about 80. These
are the wages now being paid by
the Allied military government to
its native employees. They are
considerably higher than the same
men would get from italian en-
ployerS who are in a position to
demand cut-backs, etc.
The pay of a private In the
Italian Army is three lire a day, of
frst lieutenant approximately 100
lire.
Days Work for Bread Loaf.
At first thought such pay seems
ridiculously low with the Ira worth
only one cent. 1t was low enough
from American or British standards
at the five-cent rate. 1t seems out
rageous when checked against the
prices of some of the staples of life.
On the black market, for example,
an ordinary loaf of bread of the
same size as would sell in the
United States for 10 cents costs
about go lira. The fixed price at
which bread can be sold legally is
three lire, but that is an entirely
different story
1t seems utterly out of reason,
of course, that an able bodied man
should work hard all day for
single loaf of bread. His wages,
it must be remembered, are such as
Evening star., 1943-12-10

19 Atlanta lines involved called
their final proposition.
The operators, contending the
strike is now simply a protest against
delay by the Government in approv-
ing a wage settlement, offered to put
increased pay in effect and make
retroactive payments within 10 days
after the final Government order is
handed down, provided the men re-
turned to work today.
w. T. Archer, local business agent
of the International Brotherhood
OF Teamsters, Chauffeurs, Ware
housemen and Helpers of America
tAFL) said, however:
p The men refused to go back until
their increased pay is assumed.
Without the increase Santa Claus
will be slim, and the men want their
pcy."
Evening star., 1943-12-10
House Agriculture Unit
Presses for Food Gar

The House Agriculture Committee
plans to press for immediate action
on its measure to strip the Office
of Price Administration of control
over food prices and place them
under single food czar.
The decision was reached yester-
day on an 8-to-7 vote when the COM
mittee instructed its chairman to
appear befores the Rules Committee
and request a green light for the
legislation.
Approved several weeks ago by the
Agriculture Committee, the measure
was subsequently allowed to gather
dust in the Rules Committee files.
Evening star., 1943-12-10

responsible busi-
neSSmen as well
as boot b ] a C k S
a n d chamber
maids will COM
plain that a
good part of
t h cir troubles
are due to the
arbitrary action
of the, Allied
governments at
the time of the
Sicilian invasion
in fixing the
exchange value
of the Ira at one
Evening star., 1943-12-10
BY THOMAS r. HENRY,
Star STAFF Correspondent.

AMG HEADQUARTERS IN
ITALY (By Aerial Courier Italy
has lira jitters.
Wherever one goes presumably
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-07-04
Sionify Rebellion

That such q situation Sn0uid
eNlSt IS all the more cNtraor-
binary since the nation Is fight
Ing for rs life, since Lewis has
nftcpcr than once irteFiered
with our war-wlnning. since the
millions Of Nouhg Americans
hChung for preservation OF
AmeriCaniSm are ineXpreSSlbly
bitter against the coal mining
NapoleonS obstructive and de-
StructiVe tactics, since the vast
majority of American citizens
are concerned over the admin
iStration 5 tcmpOrizlnG with this
defiant private citizen.
These developments among
others, signify the new rebellion
against diCtatlon
The immediate and emphatic
overriding Of President RooSe-
Nelt'S Vetoing of the bill 10 bring
fomentorS Of strikes under law
The rejection by Congress OF
unlimited federal subsidies. This
is only one of many symptoms
that the people and the repre-
SentatlVes III ey have sent 10
Congress arc rebelllng against
any and every scheme CalCu-
lated 70 tighten the grip or fcd-
eral planners on our American
-t.4s..-r,f-
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-07-04
Wheat Lower;
Rye List Stages
Rally al Close

CHICAGO. July : GNS)-
Wheat worked lower today in
hight prc-holday dealings on the
Board OF Trade, Prices dropped
as much as lsc before encoun-
tCClnC important support Last
prices were sc to &c lower, with
July AT 81 as ..
Rye displayed a healthy under
tone IN late dealings and closed
',c 10 l'sc higher after recover
m earlier losses Il te- lie e.
July closed / sc up at Sl07ls
after dropping Lac To Sl.04 early
Oats closed sc higher 10 CSC
lower after generally ruling easy
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-07-04
Detroit Produce

sTpLFs Illinois hu t.,t, SOL w
lIanspafen's e-,n mIr rs g
rs grU'y Elsae s. Michigan 81. rr'.
ma.tA IS s,cs RED sss frw nirn
t+F-t-'S Hu h8mpev Mar ard p..u'..
H.s ~ - Valentine, ~taf 81 27t
LrEBFRRlES Nor'h Carolina cufr-
ys'cc. celophsne wrapped 80 50, per
p.r' Alabams cultivated ,eHaphauc
WHIPPED ~ Per pint. soc pc a.
cANTALoyPEs, salmon mea,s CALI
Sa.7a96.5o. Jbo 3es So 5o17.25 ipa 81.
- 90 : % much stock al sizrs fatr
condition S3H5. poorer lover Ary.rs
'no. 27s, so,lrd'rs T. cend tar. Slns.
HoNEYsALLs Joo a.. $50 .as.
HoNEYnFws - sre .. 5oa4
mostly s. so - l2s 7aat
cahfornis mostly 81 so9425 few res,
50 SO few far 20 generally good s. -
CELERY caaforna Pascal 2-s aeler
IS so Michigan zoe bcts MED Si75
81 80 far t3u323. unfaced. - ios
CoRN Oklahoma yellow
h.s', Sl1f5o TAR S2te - Ma, ana.
.a.r 2. generals LY.t - ana n.'
r..se r-h's d.t ra'ra 'anrs. 81 ffr---
~" is 'N
GRAPES 4+.4rr.s as. Ig.s
" rf 4es~.e.s kr.gt lrv 81
LETTUCE a crates i.sre.l r7 70.
MA S4irt- NIs' .s 80 - 49, Idaho
i-'s generally GHo1 $. p"'r' f.n-
fo CONDITION .e. SIS ~
NltE- 81" -.Nr 90 "H '" T1.-'t
FF ACHES IcHf4 r. baskets
81. 1913 some s. H"a1
IN s. -at5.' Haze Hafeas ru nasNc'.
pEppFgs r4r.sr. to Na~r,-s ts..
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-07-04
Insurance Group
Names Officers

J. Randolph Kennedy was
elected president OF the Detroit
Chapter of Chartcred-Lile Under
writer's atthc annual meeting last
week Kennedy, who is a repre-
sentative Of the New England
Mutual, served As VICE president
of the chapter last year, and As
chairman OF the educational com
mlttce the year before
Other new officers are Frank
M-MRRlRger, manager Gunncc-
Icut General vice president. VII
liam VI MlllGan.- GGE-AlaE-
uiaCturorS Life treasurer, and
Mildred Ten Brook. Berkshire
Life. secretary t.autZ I. AlaCkCy
Home Life, Is the retiring prcSI-
dent.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-07-04

The Sendte'S lnHSienCC upon
curbing the freedom OF the Ok
ecutive and Of multiplying hu-
reaus, agencies. etc. etc. 10
ladle out Jobs, patronage with
out It's consent.
In short. Congress shows that
II has definitely concluded that
the people want II TO resume
fulfilling its constitutional re-
SponsibilitieS. want II 10 cease
being a rubber stamp
MiShandling Of the war by the
executive and the Coterle ConStI-
tuting the pets Of the White
House lnciteS more and m orc
resentment
The country has been treated
10 the untimely spectacle of the
vice president Of the Unite d
States publicly casting mud on
the most experienced business
man IN the cabinet. Jesse H.
Jones. whose handling Of the
Reconstruction Finance COrpo-
ration farllunC activities ha,
earned tho cordial approval. OF
al men Of affairs
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-07-04
Fevorite Clique

This writer n ok = Tor ihc
early resignation of some Of The
ableSt business mon who have
struggled. against political in
trigue and Encouragement 20
render maximum war service
Food Administrator ChcS ter
Davis. quitting IN disgust. cN-
plains that he has only once
been able 20 penetrate The
favorite clique surrounding the
President. outstanding Of whom
is the mysterious Harry Hop
kinS an occupant of The White
House
Happily simultaneously with
distressing uphcayalS Ar home.
m oSt encouraging progress l>
hcing ChieNed on fighting
fronts.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-07-04
MORE TO BE ADDED

I'm addition 10 the fave new
maritime commission ore carriers
f4,--&-ttt--t-f-t-ft-r-- -rCvCatrd that
another Of these ships would he
added 20 the fleet next week.
three more I'm August and three
IN September
Touching upon Tho movement Of
coal by the Great Lakes fleet Nc
Garry said that if the people in
Washington kept their feet on
the ground he was sure shipping
men would Or attft.-tU r11afr1taIn a
coal supply adequate 10 fuel the
nation
To illustrate ms point hc said
that the government was asking
tutat C05T production Tor TINS
year Of 600 million tons. Last
year he said with a total produc-
ton oi $50 million inn-aN- r44iAen
tons were placed In storage.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-07-04
Ore Vessels MAY
Reach Goal Of
81 Million Tons

CLEVELAND, July 3 If vessel
operators get the breaks on
weather they will meet the lake
orc shipment goal Of 81 million
tons, W. J. McGarry, manager OF
the Ore and Coal Exchange. pre-
dictcd at the Doth regular meeting
of the Great Lakes Regional Adj
vlSOry Board here.
To achieve the goal, weekly
shipments averaging about three
million tons Will be needed be-
tween now and the end of the
season. he pointed out The aver
age may run as high as four
million tons If the weather IS good,
McGarry declared
PrevleWlng the difficulties which
hate-Hatked tt1r Great Lakes
shipping season thus far, Nc
Garry sand the ship operators
were hoping to overcome the
handiCapS they had suffered with
increasing facilities which wall be
al their disposal.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-07-04
Steel Casting Firm
Names Managers

CLEVELAND. O.. July 3 Ma
tional Malleable and steel Cast
IngS CO. announced today that
Sr0WcIl {. WATSON. manager Of
its indianapolis works. VIII be
transferred TO Chicago July 81 10
become manager Of The company $
plants AT Cicero and NclroSe
'srr-tr. fir-wTtt- be succeeded by
r s DAVIS ". NJ Ewing was
named manager of the sharon
A-7- plant -StrCrFUTUg " J..
Woody, nevly-clccted VICE prcsi-
dent ----
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-07-04
FEAR BREAKDOWN

\ serious breakdown IN the
nation transportation system,
unless tho railroads maintenance
roQWrCmcniA- M1Ee=I44.=4 A..==i44e
government was predicted IN
litter addressed 20 James f..
Aulcn, director Of the CONSTITUTE
non and Utilities Bureau. War
Production Board with The ap.
proyal Of delegates 10 the meeting.
The railroads had asked the
goNcrnmcnt for The ALLEGATION 81
900 ncw LOGON Olives. so OOO
freight cars and 100000 tons Of
rails and accessories. but were
notified that tnctr requirements
would be reduced by one million
tons
we fear" the letter stated.
that with tho railroads receiv-
ing less than their minimum
requirements In equipment and
supplies. there il no doubt
breakdown in the transportation
machine viii result"
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-07-04
Budd Stakeholder Seeks
To Enjoin Option Plan

10 elect three additional directors
Holthu>cn objected 10 this 100
claiming that only stockholders
have right 10 choose members Of
the board
a third proposal 10 be con,Id-
crod by stockholders At the meet
ing on July L., according 10 Holt
huSPn. rs TO refund preferred
stock arrcaragcS He said that
he docs not object 10 This
The counsel for The Budd Com
pany filed a motion 10 dismiss
the case on ground that Holt
huScn has no cause of action
against tho company on which the
federal court could give hun a
remedy.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-07-04
LIST Pea Issue
On Big Board

NEW YORK, July , The COM
mon stock of Pcnn>ylvania-Ccn-
trail AIrllnoS has been approved
for listing by the New York Stock
Exchange and trading viii begin
July Is II was announced today
a total Of ISL. 100 shares Of the
common Will be traded under the
ticker symbol PEA
The airline has been listed on
the New York Curb Exchange
since 1898.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-07-04

PHILADELPHIA July q
L : District Judge Guy X Bard
today set a hearing for next
Thursday in a suit filed by Henry
r. HolthuSen. q New York attor-
.ney holder OF 5000 shares Of
common stock of Edward G Budd
Manufacturing Co, for an iniunc-
ton restraining the company from
putting MO effect or submitting
10 stockholders an a meeting
scheduled for lulN - a plan 30
issue options ~ key executives
OF The companN To purchase a
block ~ 100000 shares ri COM
mon stock
The plan also provides that tho
board Of directors be authorized
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-07-04
Canadian Breweries
Debentures Sold

TORONTO July Tho offer
inE n Canada of row Issuo az
81 100000 serial Gebcr'Urc, Of
Canadian Errvcr.o- lid has
been olersuhscYlheC The 5ehrr-
lures carry IrfrfcSt.rafce OF q 20
4 = per ccn' and mature lr install
renfs IN tne wears 1914 20 l41h
inclusive. Funds from 'hc sale ~
The debor'lres arc t0 DO used for
refundlnr ~ presently rlf-'euE-
inT dcbon'lres ar7 for other
company purpose
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-07-04

poll of public opinion last au-
tumn The public overwhelmingly
praised the activity of NAM
aCcrial executives and of work.
CPS but barely moro than
third similarly replied that
lahaF ieaiet> 0Crc-ttrtte III
they could right now TO win the
war.
I'm diagnosing causes of the
alleged decline in The popular
Ity of UNIONS Roper declared
that the public believes that the
obIociNcS can hotrCr be al
tanned through chic cnlighlcn-
0100t Of industrial leaders, prOd-
dcd and supplemented by gov
-erHH4et4t n ~ t--;rtvrr-r-rfrrt
rackctCcring m unions, strikes
i'm defense Industries and the
belief That unions are selfish.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-07-04
Eureka 9-Month
Profit S282,372

Eureka Vacuum Cleaner Co re-
port for the nine months ended
April 30 1913. subject TO audit
and ycar-end adjustment. shows a
net profit of S2S2, 372 after
charges. reserves and federal in
come taxes. The above net IS
equal 10 81 40 a share on the POI q
9l9 shares OF common stock.
This compares with a net profit
Of S221 O9s or Sl14 a share for
the nine months ended April 90.
1912.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-07-04
Esel.Orai!
Steel Pay Rolls in May
Hit $I37, 4o4 900

NEW YORK. July 2 GNS) -
The month Of May set a now high
IN pay roll payments for the
steel industry - Sl37 404 600 1t
was revealed today by the Amer
lean Iron and Steel Institute
steel employees averaged 1884
cents an hour compared with "A
previous peak of HIP cents an
hour in April Of this year Dur
ing MAY. 1912 steel workers
averaged lO1l cents an hour
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-07-04
Livestock Markets
[ NO 700

CHICAGO IH.y GNSi-H HOGS 500
tra0V. TOP S14 25. bulk Sl3 s0rIt 10.
nssyIes S}7 gd1if %. rre1ums Ni4J
Is ugh's SO soalt2' nght lights
81. asa SO 50. parklna S0ws SI7 21u
'I 49,. pigs N14HlJ
CATTLE loo. steady calves 700
steady Rect steers. ,hp,.e 81. 50u17,
medium. Nl44lJ. N ycarlngs Sl34I6 rs
Butcher cattle httfers Sl2 30 rs 5o. cows.
$40 ~ bulls. N11H1f on. calves Sgu
rs SO feedefF tIgv15. stockerS steers.
Ni1H 50 900. COWS ard heIfers SqIIf
SHEEP 600. stead lambs Si7 5u
as 300 common So a0r 1880. sprrleft.
S'ta1f ysar'rFs Sl31i4. ewes So
feeders SIS
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-07-04
New Plant
Giant Troop Plane to Be
Built in Missouri

NEW YORK. July : Giant
CurtIsS Ga communicative
transport plane the largest twin
engincd alrhner type IN the world,
already IN production I'm the New
York plants OF WRIGHT
Corp VIII be built in quantity
IN another factory OF the organ
izaton IN Missouri II Was-an-
nounced by G. W. vaughan. pres
ident.
The giant commando has n
wing span of JOS feet. weighs
about 10000 pounds fully loaded
and is powered with two 1000
horsepower engines.