davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-07-22
Russian Drive Rolls
To Within 9 Miles
Of 0re| Stronghold
1Germons Report New
Soviet Offensive in
leninerod Sector
BY the Associated Press

BY the Associated Press
MOSCOW, July 22.-German
reinforcements, rushed into the
Orel breaches by forced marches,
counterattacked viciouSly in des-
perate efforts to halt the Rus
sian onslaught yesterday, but
we're smashed back as the Soviet
offensive rolled on to within 9
miles of the German stronghold,
the Russians announced today.
The Russians have launched
a strong attack near Leningrad
and heavy fighting has been rag
ing since dawn, the German
radio said today in broadcast
recorded in London by the Asso-
cited Press)
In the Orel front battle of increas-
ing violence which ragged 200 miles
south of Moscow. the Russians said
they beat through masses of enemy
tanks and infantry for gains of to
9 miles and overran 80 villages.
Nazi Positions Menaced.
The London radio said Hitler
had ordered Orel, hinge of the
entire Nazi south-central defense
line, held lat all costs.'D
The three-pronged Russian drive
which threatened to outflank the
city of 10000 from the north and
south ard menaced it from the east,
held these positions:
Driving from the north, the Rus
slams had reached Bulky, about 40
miles west of the city and within
miles of the crucial Orel- -Bryansk
Railway at point IS miles north
east of Bryansk. Another column
from the north had toppled Optukha,
miles northeast of Orel on the
railway from fallen Mtsensk.
Soviet forces. smashing frontally
from the east. had driven into Zolo-
tarevo, II miles away.
The southern advance on the city
was meeting the toughest German
opposition and Soviet communique
said only that the Russians CON
tinued to forge ahead"
1Ou OF O,0VU ueFmanS.
In yesterdays severe battles the
Russians said they knocked out more
than II tanks and 131 Nazi planes
in the Orel sector alone, and an
nounced that the days fighting
which ragged as far south as the
Donets River basin, had taken a
toll of $500 Germans.
Yesterdays Nazi losses brought
the totals as announced by the
Russians since July to 1898 tanks
and 2.342 planes destroyed and more
than 75,000 Germans killed.
At Belgorod, 165 miles south of
Orel where the Germans gained
initial advantages in their summer
campaign which were checked when
the Russians began to counter
attack on July IL, the Russians said
their forces had again advanced.
The Berlin radio, explaining the
Nazi retreats as part Of the high
commands plan Ito force the enemy
to the greatest use and abuse of his
forces" In battles of attrition where
the goal Is not to gain ground" said
45.172 Russians had been taken
prisoner and 1927 tanks and 2,34l
planes had been destroyed or cap
tured since July S.
Evening star., 1943-07-22
$4,000 Lbs. of Poultry Seized
On Delaware Roads by Army
Of 13 TruckIoods Halted Are Taken
To Get Supplies and Hit Black Market

The Army took over 6 of 13
truckloads of poultry halted late
yesterday on highways near
Dover, Del, under the plan to
break up the black market in
poultry and assure the Army the
supplies it needs, the Office of
Price Administration announced
today.
Officials said there were viola tions
OF regulations on the manifest"
carried by all 13 of the trucks and
the owners of the shipments will be
prosecuted. A manifest" is state
ment required of all shipments,
showing the source, destina ton,
Evening star., 1943-07-22
Duce Baked at Declaring Rome
Open City, Patterson Asserts

numbers the Axis as much as 10 to
l. The enemy has not more than
two or three airfields left on the
island, and these are practically
useless because of constant bombing
by Allied planes.
There is no truth in the, Axis
claims Of heavy Allied naval losses
Thus far the Allies have taken
more than 10000 prisoners, includ-
ing four generals commanding divi-
sions, while "our own casualties con-
tinue to be relatively light"
The successful operations of the
7th Army are particularly pleasing
to the War Department, because Of
the five divisions participating in
the landing operations only the 1st
Infantry Division had had extensive
combat experience in Tunisia. The
45th Infantry Division and Sad Air
borne Division, in combat for the
first time in Sicily. fought ike vet
ersns."
Evening star., 1943-07-22

The submarine Triton has
failed to return from patrol op-
erations and must be presumed
to be lost" the Navy Depart
ment announced today.
The vessel, which up to May 3
had sunk II Japanese ships in
the Pacific, was commanded, at
the time of her disappearance,
by 1t. Comdr. George Kenneth
Mackenzie, jr., of New York. For
several years, beginning in Feb
ruary, 1886, he was on duty at
the Washington Navy Yard as a
student at the Deep Sea Diving
School.
The disappearance of the Triton
brings to eight the number of un-
dersea craft lost in combat in the
Pacific. The others are the Shark
Sealion, Perch, Grunion, Argonaut
Amberjack and Grampus.
The Triton was placed in COM
OIOobCl DilC was
charistened by Mrs. Ernest j. King,
wife of Admiral King. The YES
sci carried a normal war compile
ment of so officers and men.
On May the Navy announced
that submarine had taken a toll
of at least II enemy warships and
merchantmen and today it an
nounced that the subject ship OF
that announcement was the Triton
Her skipper up to that time was 1t
Comdr. Charles C. Kirkpatrick. who
is now on duty in the Navy Depart
ment.
The toll of II ships was taken In
a little more than years opera
ton CT the Triton. The vessel fol-
time operated off Wake Island.
1t. Comdr. Mackenzie, a native OF
Brooklyn, was graduated from the
Naval Academy in 1881, He was a
member of the Navy Olympic track
squad in 1882, after having served
| for time on the cruiser Raleigh
He went to the submaIlUe school al
New London, Conn.,. in 1933 after
which he was assigned to the Bonita
and Plunger.
After attending the Deep Sea Div
ing School at the Navy Yard here
beginning in 1886, he was made ar
instructor at the Submarine Escape
Training Camp at New London. He
became commander of the submar.
inc salvage vessel Falcon and as.
sisted in the raising of the Squalus
He returned to New London fol
the advanced course in the sub
marine officer school in l942, anc
later Joined submarine squadron
in the Pacific. In February of thi,
year he assumed command Of ths
Triton.
Evening star., 1943-07-22
Supply Base for Mundo
Battered in Bio Attack

ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN
THE SOUTHWEST PACIFIC, July
% tP).-American bombers yesterday
shattered Japanese positions at Bal
roko harbor, above Munda on the
north shore of New Guinea Island,
in the heaviest air attack ever made
in the Southwest Pacific.
More than $50 Avenger torpedo
bombers and Dountless divers, op-
Grating under strong fighter cover,
pounded the area in a daylong
series of raids.
One hundred thirty three tons of
bombs were dropped and the area
was extensively strafed," the daily
report from Gen. Douglas Mac
Arthur's headquarters said. 1T was
the heaviest air attack that has
been executed by the Allied forces
in the Southwest Pacific area"
A spokesman added that it also
surpassed anything the japanese
ever had done.
The communique said the raid
was made "in support of our ground
forces" This might indicate Amer
tcan troops were advancing from
Enogai Inlet, 2 miles northeast,
where last week they destroyed the
entire japanese garrison.
Supply Base for Munda.
Bairoko is the supply base for
Munda, key japanese defense point
in the central Solomons, but Allied
forces blocked traffic between the
two points last week.
Only one sentence was used In
reporting the ground action at
Munda:
Enemy ground forces launched a
strong counterattack and were re-
pulsed with heavy losses
Over Madang. New Guinea. twin
engined Lightnings won a smash
ing victory against a much greater
Japanese force. The battle took
place during an intensive, low-alti-
tude attack by our bombers.
Enemy planes in force we're en-
gagged by our fighter escort" the
communique said. They were de-
feated and dispersed, 10 being shot
down and destroyed and IL probably
were destroyed. Two Allied planes
were lost but one pilot Is safe"
Sharp fighting continued among
advanced patrols in the Komiatum
fSee pA HTNJC po0e Aonl
Evening star., 1943-07-22
Brown and Warren
To Discuss Ban on
inexperienced Aides
OPA Chief Will Seek
Ruling on Requirement
Of Business Background

Price Administrator Brown
probably will meet tomorrow
with Controller General Warren
in an effort to work out an in
depreciation of the amendment
to the Office of Price Admins
tration Appropriation Act re-
quiring business experience Of
officials directing price control
policy, it was learned today.
The controversial amendment
threatens the jobs of large number
of OPA officers and may disrupt the
entire price control section, OPA
officials said. 1t was held unlikely
however, that Mr.. Brown will take
action in releasing any of the r:ice
executives until Chester Bowles.
newly appointed "OPA general man.
ager,' assumes Office July 27.
In danger of losing their jobs are
Donald H. Wallace. acting deputy
administrator in charge of prices
three of the heads of OPA's six
price divisions; a number of the
chiefs of the 20 price branches. and
the heads of the agency's six regional
and los district Offices in the field.
A number of the officials were for
merly professors at the various COL
legeS and possess no actual business
experience.
Mr.. Brown, it was said, is con-
fronted with a difficult task in oh
tanning industry men with expert
ence who will meet the agency S
specifications, and whose appoint
ment will be agreeable to the par
ticular industries involved.
Many businessmen, it was said,
are opposed to the appointment of
a competitor to an Office where he
would be in position to examine
their books and business records.
1t has been OPA's policy to place
no man in a job where he would
be called on to make a decision
in a matter in which he was even
remotely interested personally. This
policy, it was explained, led to the
appointment in high Office OF the
many professors.
The OPA Appropriation Act con-
tains prohibition against pay
ment of salary to any person in the
OPA engaged in directing any pro-
gram of price policy, price ceiling
or maximum price, unless such per-
son, in the judgement of the ad-
miniStrator be qualified by expert
ence in business, industry or COM
merce."
Brown to Be Judge.
1t is up to Mr.. Brown, to deter
mine whether an official is quail
fed by experience. He has said he
would attempt no evasion of Con.
gress' intent. The difficult part Of
the Interpretation, it was said, is
to decide just which officials are
directing price policy within the
meaning of the amendment.
This decision will be made by
Mr.. Warren. Should he decide thai
only the six division heads of OPA
are affected, then the damage tc
the organization will not be SC
great. Should Mr.. Warren rule
however, that branch, regional anc
district heads direct price policy
then the organization will be dis
rupted almost beyond repair, q
high official declared.
Mr.. Brown has until August 1e
(See BROWN, Page A-20)
Evening star., 1943-07-22
Widespread Changes
In Episcopal Church
Organization Planned
Project Expected to Be
Discussed at Diocesan
Convention July 29
BY JAMES WALDO FAWCETT.

Far-reaching changes in the
organization of the Protestant
Episcopal Church throughout
the Nation, and especially in the
diocese of Washington, are pro-
posed in plan soon to be sub
mitted to several different
groups Of church authorities.
Among the indicated changes
would be the transformation of
Washington Cathedral from the
status OF diocesan church into a
focal center for the religious activ-
tiles of the entire Episcopal de-
nomination in America, and such a
development would bring the pre-
siding bishop and other high officers
of the national body to the District
as permanent residents.
The project is discussed in a
pamphlet of l8 pages now being cir
culated locally. No signature is at
tached to the document, but it is
understood to represent the views of
substantial company" of laymen
including former Senator George
Wharton Pepper of Philadelphia
long member of the chapter of
Washington Cathedral.
Suggests Changes.
A series of recent events resulted
in the plan being set forth at this
time. The pamphlet explains:
When at the request of general
convention and with the approval of
the diocese of Washington the pre-
siding bishop of the Protestant Epis-
copal Church was given a seat in
the Cathedral, no attempt was made
to define resulting relationships or
to solve possible problems of conflict
of Episcopal jurisdiction. Now that
the sad deaths of Bishop Freeman
and of Dean Phillips have caused
vacancies to exist in their respective
| offices, the moment seems opportune
to face and solve these problems
especially in view of the fact that
the general convention at it's ap-
preaching meeting will be called
upon to choose presiding bishop.
Under these circumstances the
Cathedral chapter has been consid-
ering how it can best prove helpful
both to the convention of the diocese
of Washington and the general
convention. In the case of the dio-
cese. the chapter is anxious (both
for the sake of the diocese and OF
the CathedraD to relieve the Bishop
of Washington of all Cathedral re-
sponsibilities which could interfere
with the discharge of his diocesan
duties and at the same time to in
vest the ONCE OF dean with the
dignity and power essential to effec-
tive Cathedral administration.
Cites Planned Report.
"As respects the general conven-
tion. the chapter will respond to any
action which makes the relation. of
the presiding bishop to the Cathe-
dral q closer one. In this connee-
ton the chapter has studied the
report expected to be made to the
general convention by the committee
of which the Bishop of New Jersey
is acting chairman. The chapter
understands that If the recon-
mendations Of this important COM
mittee are adopted the following sit
uation will be the result:
First, the diocese of Washington
will continue as at present to elect
it's own diocesan. who win be. as
(see EPTsCOPALIANs, page A-2O.)
Evening star., 1943-07-22
British Warships Bombard Italy
For First Time in Sici|ian War;
Munda Within Reach Of Capture
Jops CIinging to
Strong Positions
Around AirfieId

BY the Associated Press.
SOUTH PACIFIC HEADQUAR-
TERS, July %. - American
ground troops are within few
thousand yards" of Munda Air
field, which now is in reach of
capture" a spokesman for Ad-
miral William F. Halsey, jr., an
nounced today.
The beleaguered japanese, cling
ing tenaciously to the key New
Georgia Island position. are situated
behind strong defensive positions
ringing the field. but the Americans
are making very satisfactory prog
ress," the spokesman said.
This dispatch indicated the
American troops may have sue
ceeded in moving closer on
Munda than the position 2 miles
away which they have held for
some time and which was their
nearest approach previously re-
ported. Although 2 miles and
few thousand yards are roughly
synonymous, the statement that
the enemy now is contained with
In the defenses surrounding the
airdrome itself and that it's cap
ture is in reach suggests a fur
ther advance has been made.)
The majority of the enemys ar
tillery has been knocked out, and
the Japanese are fighting chiefly
with mortars, machine guns and
small weapons.
The spokesman said there was no
sign the enemy could break through
the American ground, sea and air
blockade of Munda and that no i'm
portant japanese forces have got
through to relieve or reinforce the
base.
japanese opposition was said to
be deteriorating steadily, but the
spokesman was unwilling to esti-
mate the time when a final break
through and capture is believed
possible
There have been minor raids by
enemy ground patrols, but these
have resulted in heavy losses to the
japanese. The Americans, the
spokesman said, have suffered far
less severely.
The fighting is going on in heavy
jungle which extends to the edge
of the field from all sides. Ameri-
can planes are operating in close
support of the ground campaign,
and we are pouring it on" with
many daily air strikes, the spokes-
man added.
Evening star., 1943-07-22
Nozis Post Big Reward
For Guerrilla Leader
BY the Associated Press.

BY The Associated Press.
The Berlin radio announced today
that the German military COM
mander in Yugoslavia had offered a
reward of 100 900 marks for informa :
tion leading to the capture-dead or
alive-of Josip Broz, Montenegrin
guerrilla leader popularity known as
Tito"
The broadcast. which was recorded
by the Associated Press, acknowl-
edged that Titos whereabouts are
unknown, but said that Axis mil
itary authorities suspect he is now
trying to organize Partisan resistance
in Slovenia."
Evening star., 1943-07-22

name and address of owner. guam
tity, types and grades and the price
paid for it. Officials said there was
evidence of considerable upgrading
of poultry aboard the trucks.
Seven of the trucks stopped by
Delaware State police in co-opera-
ton with OPA inspectors contained
poultry which did not meet Army
standards. Those trucks were al
lowed to 60 on their way. The
Army obtained $4,000 pounds of
poultry from the remaining six We
hicles. Three cargoes were pur-
chased by negotiation and three
were requisitioned. All of the ship
(See CHICKENS. Page A-2Ol
Evening star., 1943-07-22
u. 5. Court Of Appeals
ReverSes Decision on
Hecht Price Case
OPA Complaint Goes
Back to District Court
For Further Procedure

The Court of Appeals today re-
versed the District Court deci-
sion of last February which
dismissed a complaint for an in
junction against the Hecht Co.
on charges of violating price
ceilings, price posting and price
recording regulations brought by
the Office of Price Administra =
ton.
Today's 2-to-1 decision throws
the case back to the District Court
for further procedure.
Justice F. Dickinson Let's OF Dis
trict Court, in dismissing the COM
plant last February, expressed the
view that IAN injunction would not
be in the public interest" The Dis
trict Court ruling also had dis
solved a restraining order.
The Court of Appeals opinion
written by Justice Henry w. Edger-
ton, pointed out that the company
did not question the accuracy of
the administrators statement that
the company, within a period of
five months, had made 1898 sales
at prices in excess of the legal maxi
mum, collecting at least $4.623.l5
more than it was entitled to under
existing regulations.
Eicher's Opion Concurs.
1t also failed to include in the
cost-of-living statement it was re-
quired to file with the appropriate
War Price and Ration Board more
than 460 articles which should have
been listed. 1t was also found that
40 items listed on the statement
which was filed were not described
with sufficient clarity.
Today's opinion held 1t was not
sufficient that the Hecht Co. made
an effort to comply with the regu-
lations and that violations were in
voluntary. A concu-ring opinion
was written by Chief Justice Ed
ward c. Eicher of District Court,
who sat on the case in the Court
of Appeals. A dissenting opinion
was written by Chief Justice D.
Lawrence Groner OF the higher
tribunal.
Justice Edgerton In his opinion
pointed to the findings of fact in
Justice Let's District Court opinion,
which said. among other things:
The defendant and its employees
have attempted in good faith to
comply with the act and have taken
vigorous steps to do SO, the COM
pliance thus resulting has been very
substantial.
violations occurred but I do not
consider them numerous in view of
the difficulties involved in defen-
dant's efforts to comply with the
act and regulations.
These mistakes in pricing and list
ing were all made in good faith and
without intent to violate the regu-
lations. The performance of the
store as to posting was excellent
>, and there is manifestation
of good faith by the defendant, and
I f1nd no likelihood of further vio-
lation by it."
Conclusions Of Law"
The Court of Appeals opinion held,
however, that the lower courts "con-
clusions of law show, and the COM
pany comedies, that this last state
ment means only that there will be
no further violations except such
as may be caused by human frail-
ties The company also comedies
(See HECHT, Page A-20.l
Evening star., 1943-07-22
SoiIor Sends Records
OF LuJIobies to Child
BY the Associated Press.

QUINCY. Mass. July 22.-Five-,
year-old Barbara Jane Roberts OF
Bliss1eld, Mich who has been
pining to hear the lullabies of her
father Radioman Alton D. Roberts.
U. S. N, former choir singer, Is
going to have her wish granted.
When informed by a shipmate OF
Mr.. Roberts that the child missed
him terribly" and most Of all his
nightly lullabies," Mrs Alice Keefe,
Knights of Columbus Servicemens
Center hostess, arranged to have
recordings of Mr.. Roberts voice
taken. He crooned songs for nearly
an hour and recorded a message of
cheer to his daughter, whom he had
seen only once in several months.
The recordings are going to be-
shipped to the Roberts home within
a day or two.
Evening star., 1943-07-22
POPE Plus DEPLORES bombing
of Rome, asks prayers for
peace. -. Page Az
BY the Associated press

BY the Associated Press.
Discussing the bombing Of Rome.
Acting Secretary of War Patterson
said today that Premier Mussolini
resisted all efforts to persuade him
to remove military installations from
Rome and to preserve its immunity
from attack by declaring 1t an open
city,
Mr.. Patterson said reconnaissance
photographs disclosed that heavy
damage had been inflicted on two
railroad yards, and railroad round-
houses, steel works, a chemical
plant, hangers at air bases and a
number of parked airplanes had
been destroyed or heavily damaged.
He also told press conference:
Allied air strength in Sicily out
Evening star., 1943-07-22
Womon's Trial Delayed
In Illegal Operation

The trial of Edna Gray, 81. col
ored, of the 1400 block v street
NV. on a charge of performing
an illegal operation on a 26-year-
old woman, today was postponed
until July 20 because of a defense
attorney being out of the city. The
trial had been scheduled to begin
today.
Evening star., 1943-07-22
Fires Started at
Crotone on Gulf
Of Turunto

By the Associated Press.
LONDON. July 22.-Reuters re-
ported today from Allied head
quarters in North Africa that
the Royal Navy has bombarded
the Italian mainland at Crotone
in the Gulf of Taranto, on the
sole of the Italian boot.
Crotone is about IS miles south
of the major naval base of
Taranto.
(On some maps Crotone ap-
pears as Cotrone)
Desmond Tighe, a Reuters corre-
spondent with the Royal Navy in
the Mediterranean, reported that
cruisers hurled shells into the har-
Dor area for five minutes early yes
terday, causing number of fires.
Battleships Possibly Involved.
It was possible, however, that
some of Britain's newest and largest
battleships participated. The Axis
has reported the Nelson, Rodney,
King George v and Queen Elizabeth
In the Mediterranean. The King
George v is of a type completed
since the start of the war.
The warships suffered no damage
in the raid, Mr.. Tighe said.
The object of the shelling, which
had been foreseen in informed quar-
ters in London, apparently was to
cut one of the routes by which the
Axis might send reinforcements to
the toe of the Italian boot for trans
shipment to Sicily.
This shipment involves circuit
Gus route down the eastern coastal
railway, and may be used more in
tensively since the bombing OF Rome.
Still Sending Reinforcements.
Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower in a
press conference yesterday in North
Africa said the Germans were still
sending reinforcements to Sicily.
The German radio added today
that a day and night shuttle service
ferrying Axis troops across Messina
Straits was using 38 last motor
launches.
The bombardment of the Italian
mainland was the first by Allied
surface craft since the invasion of
Sicily and the second of the war.
The first naval bombardment of the
mainland was at Genoa on February
Q. lo4l.