davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-09-22
This Changing World

and the pledges given to the gov
ernments OF the defeated nations
that they will be restored to their
previous sovereignty.
Russian Stand Differs
The Russian stand Is slightly
different. The Soviet together
with the rest of the United Ma
tions has agreed to the Atlantic
Charter and has accepted the
somewhat vague principles con-
tanned in it. But the Moscow
government has told the world
that certain territories which it
considers part and parcel Of the
Soviet territory cannot be de-
tached from Russia. although
they may now be in the hand OF
the enemy.
The Baltic States, for instance,
are placed in that category.
Then there is the question OF
Poland. 1t is doubtful that Rus
sia wants to annex that country.
But certain regions of Poland are
considered by the Kremlin as
part OF Soviet territory. More
over, the Polish government-in-
exile is not in good order in Mos
COW. A government more accept
able to the Soviet already has
been formed in Moscow and
there Is no question that Premier
Stain, who will dominate the
conversations from behind the
scenes, will insist that the newly
created government actually rep
resent the subjected Polish peo-
pie.
Neither London nor Washing
ton has recognized the new Polish
organization in Moscow. We are
dealing with the government-in-
exile, which has headquarters in
London.
Zones Of Influence.
There are a number of other
questions regarding zones of in
fluence' in the Balkans and on
the eastern coasts of the Mediter-
ranean. Yugoslav partisians hos
tile to the government Of King
Peter and strongly supported by
Moscow have been doing a good
guerrilla job.
The Russian government wants
all these and some other matters
we'll clarified. It wants a definite
expression Of opinion from the
American and British representa-
tives. 1t will not be satisfied
with some vague diplomatic ex-
preston Of perfect mutual
understanding" or with argu-
ments that such and such a cues,
ton must be left in advance or
cannot be decided because of the
internal political situation in the
United States and Britain.
This Is believed to be one reason
why Premier Stain has insisted
that the meeting take place in
Moscow and not In any of the
other Allied capitals. Moscow Is
well sheltered from domestic DO
litical influences.
President Roosevelt Is fully
aware of the Importance of the
forthcoming conference. He real
ICES Its effect on the prosecution
OF the war in Europe.
Hence, he will have to be most
careful In the selection of the
man to represent the United
States.
Evening star., 1943-09-22
Miners Group Opposes
AFl Readmission Of UNIV

BY the Associated Press.
SPRINGFIELD, Ill. Sept. az
The Progressive Mine Workers Of
America yesterday asked the 61st an
nual convention of the Illinois State
Federation of Labor to oppose re-
admission of John L. Lewis and his
United Mine Workers of America
to the American Federation of
Labor
Readmission, sought by Mr.. Lewis.
would inevitably rend the AFT,
asunder with strife and contro-
versy,' a resolution submitted bv
Lloyd A. Thrush, PMWA president.
declared. The proposal is expected
to be debated tomorrow on the con-
Vention floor after Resolutions Com
mlttee consideration.
Mr.. Lewis broke with the Amer
ican Federation of Labor in 1895 to
form the Congress of Industrial Or
eanization and later took his United
Miners from the CIO organization.
Evening star., 1943-09-22
Ex-President Costello
Undergoes Operation
BY the Associated Press,

BUENOS AIRES. Sept. "a
Former President Ramon s. Castillo
underwent an operation here yester-
day. An announcement, while not
giving the nature of the operation,
said 1t was successful. He is to re-
main in the hospital for several days.
Castillo, who succeeded the late
Roberto Ortiz to the presidency
when the latter became i'll in 1910,
was ousted last June s by military
coup.
Evening star., 1943-09-22
The Great Game of Politics.

OF the Whole population. Wnat IL
insists upon is that, in the matter
of promotion, there is social dis
elimination" The fact. of course, is
that If discrimination exists it is
due far more to the attitude of the
railroad unions than to the railroads
AM that any attempt to alter the
system would be resisted more
strenuously by the unions than by
the management. 1t takes no par
ticular insight to realize that any
serious effort to force a change in
the situation would result in trouble
of serious kind 1t is not surpris-
ing that the railroads should assert
that this agitation of alleged dis
elimination against Negroes because
of their race, at this time, when "all
of our manpower, managerial skill,
ability and best efforts are being ex-
pended in forwarding the general
welfare in the prosecution of the
war, can have no result other than
to bring about dissension. lower the
morale of the workers and adversely
affect national unity"
Poor Time to Press Issue.
AS to the factories, the charge Is
not made that they do not employ
Negroes as we'll as whites but that
they segregate them. One firm
summoned by the committee ac-
tually employees So per cent Negroes
and only 48 per cent whites, but
they work in separate rooms. This
the committee regards as unfair
practices" and wants it stopped.
The operators of these factories say
that If the committee thinks this
unfair" they are perfectly willing
not to segregate the whites from
the blacks II the committee will
guarantee them against race riots,
walkouts and a stoppage of work.
The truth, Of course, is that this
committee has an impossible Job.
1t was appointed because, just as
the labor leaders saw in the war an
opportunity to extend their power.
the Negro leaders felt it presented
an opportunity for the social ad-
vancement" Of their race and there
were threats Of march on Wash
ington" if something were not done
aN ,;,.z
Now, if the committee does nothing.
the Negro leaders whom it was
named to appease will resent it; and
If it does anything, it risks slowing
down the production which the
President, Mr.. Nelson and Mr.. Will
son are trying to speed up. Father
Haas is an earnest and sincere man,
described by his friends as mod
crate" but that word would be mis-
applied if used to describe some of
the other members.
But, again. aside from the merits
of the matter and regardless of
whether determination exists, the
timing Of these charges and hear
ings is pretty bad. The same thing
can be said OF the effort now being
made to make national issue of
the North Carolina Negro, who, on
advice of counsel" refused to per-
NIT his draft board to induct him
into the Army unless he could 20
into a mixed regiment" There
being no such thing as a mixed
regiment, this was equivalent to re-
fusing to be inducted at ALL His
counsel held that thus the whole
question Of racial discrimina ton"
in the armed services can be
brought before the Supreme Court,
and they are busily engaged now in
trying to get publicity for the case
on the ground that it will become A
national issue" The effect of this
upon Army morale would hardly be
beneficial.
Evening star., 1943-09-22

handicap indus
tries vital to the
war effort in
duStries W h i C n
are being prod
ded to greater
pro d u C t ion,
pleaded with by
Mr.. Nelson and
Mr.. Wilson of the
WPB to put on
m ore st e a m.
warned by the
President of the
peril in letting
down"
Evening star., 1943-09-22

Pre- S / d e n t
Roosevelt has
de C i d e d on
W h o is to
represent this
cou n try is
regarded in
respons i b l e
quarters here
as the most
impo r t a n t
gathering Of
t h e t h r e e
pr i n c i p a |
anti = Hitler
nations ever
held
Evening star., 1943-09-22
Remorque Settles Toxes

LOS ANGELES, Sept. % (P).-
Erich Maria Remarque. author Of
"All Quiet On the Western Front"
and The Road Back" has settled
for s3892.50 an income tax claim
of S8,921.50 The Government had
made the additional claim on his
1889 income, disputing his travel
deductions.
Evening star., 1943-09-22
Nozis Claim 5 Sinkinqs
By Mediterranean Subs

BY the Associated Press.
LONDON, Sept. 22.--The Berlin
radio said today that German sub
marines had sunk three destroyers
and two other ships in the Med
iterranean, but failed to say when
the reported successes were achieved
The report was not confirmed by
Allied disclosures on shipping losses
Evening star., 1943-09-22

as military measure OF paramount
Importance, may produce political
repercussions, especially if some one
is made chief of staff at home on a
political basis. The latter develop
ment does not seem probable, and it
is much more logical to assume that
the President and the Prime Min
lister have reached decisions as to
personnel which will accelerate
rather than retard our progress
toward victory.
(Reproduction Rights Reserved1
Evening star., 1943-09-22

The informa-
ton contained Ii
based on knowl-
edge gained as q
tourist in Italy
and II I know
anything about
Italians, they
are incapable of
looking at any
American, be he
in uniform or
out, without. CIV
ing him the pre-
scribed to urist
coinr-oyer Ita1-
Evening star., 1943-09-22

be revealed SC
soon, but mem =
bers Of Congress,
hearing rumors
to that effect,
virtually forced
the matter into
the open. OFF,
cial announce
fnent Is consid-
cred to be in
preparation for
Ia ter this week.
But. curiously
enough, W h ii e
al ost every-
Evening star., 1943-09-22

HE opinions OF the rtters this their not
necessarily The Stars Such opinions presented in The
Stars effort to all sides OF questions Of interest to its
readers although such opions contradictory
themselves and directly opposed to The Stars
Evening star., 1943-09-22

and political
strategy a t
this moment.
the object of
which is to
win the peace.
I pointed out
that the only
t h in G that
m a es this
strategy pos
sible is the
lark of on
a e r e e m e n t
with Russia.
AxI ? IL
Evening star., 1943-09-22
Gen. Marshall
To Be 'Foch'
OF This War
BY DAVID LAWRENCE.

Gen. George G. Marshall is to be
the Marshal Foch of this war-the
generalissimo of all Allied armies
throughout the world.
The decision was not intended to
Evening star., 1943-09-22
BY CONSTANTINE BROWN.

The political conference be-
tween the United States, Great
Britain and Russia which is
scheduled for Moscow soon after
Evening star., 1943-09-22
By FRANK r. KENT.

1t does seem that this is a poor
time needlessly to stir up class con-
fict and race hatred. Particularly
is it poor time to do so in way to
Evening star., 1943-09-22
On the Record.
By DOROTHY THOMPSON,

In previous column, called
The German Retreat and Of
fensive," I tried, as best I could,
to analvze the German military
Evening star., 1943-09-22
|McLemore-
A Little Advice
To Troops in ItoIy
BY HENRY McLEMORE.

This Is In the nature OF a sup
plement to the handbook which was
distributed to the Allied soldiers be-
fore they invaded Italy.
Evening star., 1943-05-15
Three More Executions
Raise Dutch Toll 10 48
BY the Associated press.

By the Associated Press.
LONDON, May 15.-The number
of Dutchmen executed during the
early days of martial law in the
Netherlands has risen to 48, the
Netherlands government in exile
announced today, telling of three
more executions.
The correct total is known only to
the Germans, however, since the
Nazis are publishing names of VIC
Tins only locally, and different lists
appear in different papers. One
newspaper said many persons were
killed in riots in Groningen Province.
A Berlin radio broadcast moni-
tored by Aneta News Agency said
the state of siege proclaimed in
Occupied Holland had been raised.
although it did not mention the
ending Of martial law.
Aneta said it was learned the Ger
mans had taken steps to confiscate
all radio sets in the country, thereby
closing one of the few remaining
channels Of communication between
the Dutch people and their govern
ment In London.
Evening star., 1943-05-15
Z Towns Recapiured.
5000 laps Killed,
Chinese Report
Heavy Toll Of Life Is
Exoeted by Famine
In South Chino
By the Associated Press.

CHUNGKING, May 15.-A
Chinese high command commu-
nique today said more than 5000
japanese had been killed and IL
towns recaptured by the Chinese
in fighting west and south OF
the Taiheng Mountain Range in
the Shansi-Hopeh border area
west of the Peiping -Pukow rail-
way.
The communique said the success
was achieved after transferring a
majority of the Chinese troops to
the enemy's rear and executing a
"counterencircling" move against
10000 troops who had attempted to
surround large body of the Chi
nese.
No change was reported on the
Tungting Lake front, south of the
Yangtze in the Chinese rice bowl
area The communique admitted,
however, that the Japanese, ad-
vancing in three columns northward
from Tengyueh, west of the Salween
River in Yunnan Province, had
made some progress.
Meanwhile. on the home front,
Chinese officials said that famine is
exacting big toll of life in a deep
drought belt fringing practically the
whole South China Sea coast of
Kwangtung Province, and 100000
persons have gone into neighboring
Kiangsi seeking food Conditions
paralleled the worst in famine
ridden Honan.
Districts affected include Toishan,
the birthplace of many Chinese in
the United States Rice costs the
equivalent Of 2la American dollars
pound. 1t is being sold largely by
the ounce. Inhabitants of the af-
fected area are eating bark.
Evening star., 1943-05-15
| |A0-Possenger
| Plane Revealed
| Under Way
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
LOS ANGELES, May 15.-Harry
Woodhead, president of Consolidat-
ed Vultee Aircraft Corp, reveals
that for many months his company
has been working on a 400-passen-
ger plane.
Sketchy information about the
mammoth air liner was given by
Mr.. Woodhead last night at an avi-
alton rally sponsored by the Avi-
alton Forum
For many months we have been
working on 400-passenger plane
which Is now in the mockup stage.
THAT means we have a wooden
replica of the completed job. I'll
say frankly that If the war lasts
only two years this airplane will not
contribute to the war effort
IF it lasts four years it will. When
you begin to talk about some of
these huge planes Of tomorrow, you
can plan on spending from two to
five years in the design and testing
period before one comes OF the pro-
duction line"
Evening star., 1943-05-15
D. {. Airman Among IS
Killed in Texas Crash

Staff Sergt. Harry H. Grove, jr.,
4043 Grant street NE. was disclosed
by the Biggs Field Public Relations
Office in Texas today to have been
one of the Is Army flyers killed
Thursday night in the collision
crash of two large bombers over Ell
Paso, according to an Associated
Press dispatch.
Members of Sergt. Groves family
could not be reached Immediately.
One crewman, it was reported,
parachuted to safety. The dead in
Guided 1t. Alvin Glickman of Chi
cago; Staff Sergt. Jack w. Demp-
sey, Fort Smith, Ark; Claire c. Nc
Featers, jr., South Lansing, N. Y,
and A. R. Longo, West Belmore,
N. j.; Sergts. John w. Hoerr, Au-
rora, Ill.,, and Carl L. Stitch, Chicago,
and Pvt. E. M. Raciot, Scotland,
Conn.
Evening star., 1943-05-15
553 Men in 70 Cities
Seized by FB| as
Draft Law Dodgers
Seven Arrested Here
In Single Day Drive
To Round Up Evoders

In a 20-city roundup, Federal
Bureau of Investigation agents
yesterday arrested 553 men on
charges of draft law violations,
FBI Director j, Edgar Hoover
announced today.
Seven of the men were arrested
here by FBI agents and Washington
police. Five of them are registered
with District draft boards.
Six of the seven men arrested
here during the roundup were ar
raigned today before United States
Commissioner Needham C. Turnage.
The commissioner dismissed the
case against one on the ground that
the man had taken remedial steps
to remove his delinquency and con-
ti1ued the other cases, with hear
lngS set on various dates from May
q through June 4.
5000 More Sought.
Mr.. Hoover said the FBI was on
the lookout for 5000 more men on
draft charges. He said there had
been no mass raids or 'dragnet tao
tics used, but that the arrests were
the results of painstaking investi-
cations to locate individuals who had
become delinquent with their local
boards for various reasons, such as
failure to report for physical exam
nation and induction, failure to re-
turn questionnaires. not notifying
their draft boards of changes of ad-
dress and other delinquencies."
FBI agents made 1877 arrests in
New York City and 81 in San Fran
cisco, Mr. Hoover said. These fig
ures were reported for other cities:
Detroit, 81: Baltimore, 33; Los
Angeles, 4s; Birmingham, %; Gin
cinnati, %; New Orleans. %; Chi
cago 10; Boston, 49, Newark, 10;
St. Louis, 13; Philadelphia, 16; Char
lotte, N. c., Is; Jackson, Miss, 10;
Houston, Tex, 8: Seattle, 8; Cleve-
land, 7; Miami, 5.
District Men Listed.
The FB1 gave the following names
and descriptions of the men arrested
here:
Marrien Theodore Montee, 38, of
233 G street NV, delinquent since
october Is, 1910 The FBI said
Montee was interviewed by Balti-
more police about six months ago
and released on condition he would
report to his District Draft Board,
No. IA. He failed to report.
William Grammar, "A, of 615 Sixth
street NE. charged with failing to
fill out his draft questionnaire.
Grammar told agents he had never
received it, but the draft board said
it had been returned without being
filled out.
George Lawson Smith, q, arrested
at 10151. Seventh street NV;
charged with failure to notify his
District draft board of change of ad-
dress and failure to report for his
physical examination The case
against Smith was dismissed by
Commissioner Turnage, who said
(See DRAFT DODGERS, Page 2-X)
Evening star., 1943-05-15
Training INDICATED
By Tunisia Drive,
Gen. Mckair Says
Calls Maintenance
Of Supplies During
Battles Superb
fPicture on Page Az
By NELSON NJ. SHEPARD.

1t. Gen. Lesley ]. McNair,
commander of Army ground
forces, who was wounded in
North Africa, declared today the
Tunisian campaign completely
vindicated the preliminary
training and the fighting abili-
ties of American troops.
1--WE found nothing in our train
ing doctrines that have been upset
by the Tunisian campaign" he said
in his first press interview since
returning to Washington.
Gen. McNair refuted criticisms
that initial defeats were due to the
"greenness" of our troops.
LAS for our men," he added, they
would have right to claim to be
thoroughly battle-experienced, and
they are"
He declared the men themselves
are indignant" at references to their
"greenness."
Wanted to See Results.
Gen. McNair, who had charge of
the training of all United States
ground forces, said he went to North
Africa to see with his own eyes the
results of training and also to re
solve" some of the controversies
heard over weapons, the lack of
weapons, leadership and the lack of
leadership. What he saw convinced
him, he said, that our training meth
DDS were thoroughly sound.
He characterized as superb" the
maintenance of medical, food and
ammunition supply lines throughout
the campaign. He made that state
ment in reply to questions concern
ing reputed inadequacies of supply
lines, especially with respect to med
icine.
Will Keep Pounding Away"
Gen. McNair declared that he
would keep pounding away" at
training in this country to correct
some Of the mistakes that were re-
fCaa
Evening star., 1943-05-15
Detroit Leads Mats,
so, Scoring All Runs
In First-Inning Burst
Homer by BIoodworth
CIimoxes EorIy Surge;
Hoefner Replaces Mertz
BY BURTON HAWKINS.

DETROIT, May 15.-The Tigers
were leading the Mats at Briggs
Stadium here today before 1900
fans.
The score was SO going into the
fifth inning.
FIRST INNING.
WASHINGTON-Case foslled to
York. Spence grounded out to York
Vernon was safe when Ross fumbIed
his grounder. Vernon was out steal
ing, Parsons to Bloodworth.
DETROIT-Ross flied to Spence.
Cramer doubled to center. Wake
field tripled to center, scoring. Cra-
mer. Higgins singled to center.
scoring Wakefield. Radcliff flied to
Spence. York walked. Bloodworth
hit a home run off the upper deck
of the left field stands, scoring Hig-
gins and York ahead Of him. Clary
threw out parsons. Five runs.
SECOND INNING.
WASHINGTON-Jofnson flied to
Radcliff. Priddy fouled to York.
Bloodworth threw out Clary.
DETROIT - Haefner replaced
Mertz on the mound for Washing
ton. Trout lined to Priddy. Ross
popped to Sullivan. Cramer flied to
Case.
THIRD INNING,
WASHINGTON-Early took a
third strike. Higgins whipped out
Sullivan. Haefner walked. Case
beat out a bunt down the third
base line, Haefner stopping at Sec
ond Spence flied to Cramer.
DETROIT-Wakefield singled to
left. Higgins singled to center.
We'zef1eld stopping at second. Rad
cliff sacrificed, Clary to Vernon.
York flied to johnson in short left,
the runners holding their bases.
Blcodworth popped to Sullivan.
FOURTH INNING.
WASHINGTON-Vernon walked.
johnson popped to York. Priddy
took a third strike. Clary singled
to left, Vernon stopping at second
Early walked, filling the bases. Sui
livan forced early at second. Ross
to Bloodworth.
DETROTT-Parsons singled to
left. Trout flied to Spence. Ross
walked. Cramer popped to Clary.
Wakefield took a third strike.
Evening star., 1943-05-15
Mediterranean Open
To Allies, Tedder Says
Ships Can Move Entire
Length, He Declares
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press
ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN
NORTH AFRICA, May 15.-Air
Chief Marshal Sir Arthur Tedder,
Allied air commander in the Med
iterranean, said today the Mediter-
ranean could be definitely consid-
cred open to the United Nations as
a result of Allied air power and
the North African offensive which
had cleared the African shores of
the enemy.
The air commander said there
probably would always be some
losses as long as the war lasted,
but that Allied ships could move
the entire length of the Mediter-
ranean as result of domination
OF the entire North African coast.
He said $40 planes had been found
on the last three airfelds from
which the German air force operated
on Cap Bon and around Bizerte
They had been knocked out by
Allied bombers and strafers.
Evening star., 1943-05-15
Army Trackmen Fly
To |. T.. 4-A Meet;
Star in Trial Heats
Place 5 Men in Final
Rounds Of First Events
OF. Championships
BY the Associated Press.

NEW YORK, May 15.-1n spite
of an all-night "operational"
flight by nearly one-third of its
30-man team, Army's track and
field squad got off to a fast start
today in its bid to upset highly
favored New York University in
the 1. C. 4-A. championships.
Nine of the West Pointers joined
their teammates Immediately after
completing the night flight and just
in time to make the trip to the
Municipal Stadium on Randalls
Island. And in the trial heats of
the first three events the Cadets
sent five men into the semifnals
and finals.
One of the night flyers, Ben Cas-
siday, ran second to Tom Todd, Vir-
ginia ace, in the fastest heat of the
120-yard high hurdles-15.4 seconds.
Altogether, the Cadets placed two
men each in the hurdles and quar-
ter mile and one in the 1O0-yard
dash. N. Y. u, favored to round
out a grand slam of indoor and out
door titles, also qualified five men in
the same three events.
AS was expected, New England
schools swept one of the two finals
decided during the morning session
of the meet-the hammer throw
Bill Fisher, the Harvard husky who
won the indoor weight-throw title
heaved the hammer 152 feet to finish
on top. as the Downeasters grabbed
the first four places. Bob Dodge OF
Maine wound up in the runnerur
spot with ISL feet 85s inches.
Don Burnham, Dartmouth's high
ly-regarded middle-distance stopper
started his bid for title double" by
easily winning his heat of the 1a-
mile run in 1885. He is also IA
vored to add the outdoor 1-mile title
to his indoor crown.
The hope of Michigan States slim
band were given a nose-dive when
Johnny Liggett failed to qualify in
the rials of the $50. The Midwest
erner was never in it and finished
third as Fordham's well-liked Joe
Nowicki hit the tape in 1:57.5, fastest
time in the trial heats.