davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-12-15
Immigration Issues

One of the problems developed by
the war and certain to press for
attention when the conflict is fin
ished is that of immigration. Two
newspaper articles of the past week
end serve to indicate what leaders
in different portions of the British
Commonwealth of Nations are think
ing. In the first of these, Roy L.
Curthoys, writing to the New York
Times from Canberra on December
10, says: "On all sides it is acknowl-
edged that the national ideal can be
attained and justified only by popu-
lating Australia much more rapidly
than in the past"
Prime Minister John Curtin, it is
explained. "holds that 4 population
Evening star., 1943-12-15
Showdown for FEPC

Whatever ones views as to the
wisdom of the course being followed
by the Presidents Committee on
Fair Employment Practices, there
will be few to deny that it is tackling
the difficult problem of racial dis
elimination in industry with bold
ness and determination.
The committee is endeavoring to
set up what it regards as fair and
reasonable standards for employ
ment OF Negroes, its contention be-
ing that this is necessary to the
successful prosecution of the war.
II it is to succeed in this endeavor
the committee will have to overcome,
by persuasion or otherwise, the
prejudices of some employers, and,
more Importantly, the discrimina-
tory practices of some unions. The
employers, standing alone, present
no great problem. This admins
tration has demonstrated that it
has both the means and the will to
bring them into line. But defiance
from strong union, or from a
union-employer combination, is apt
to prove quite a different matter.
At this time the committee is
attempting to compel a group of
Southern railroads and the Brother
hood Of Locomotive Firemen and
Englnemen to set aside a contract
which, according to the committee,
is designed to curb the employment
of Negroes as firemen. The rail-
roads have said they cannot and will
not comply with this order, while the
union has simply ignored the whole
matter. Meanwhile, and with this
clash pending, the committee has
also ordered the International
Brotherhood of Boilermakers, an
other strong union, to eliminate all
membership practices in Portland,
Oregon, and in Los Angeles which
discriminate against workers be-
cause of race or color This order
calls for the notification of closed
shop agreement which discriminates
against Negroes and forbids the dis
charge of Negro workers for refusing
to pay union dues under the dis
criminatory arrangement.
1t is obvious from these orders that
the committee is not trying to dodge
the central issue of union discrimi-
nation, which is the most difficult
immediate aspect Of the problem,
and for this it deserves commenda-
ton. At the least, assuming the COM
mittee intends to press for a de-
cision, the course which has been
taken should produce answers to
two questions.
First the courts will be called
upon to say whether the committee,
created by executive order, has any
legal authority to issue and enforce
it's orders. And second, if the courts
sustain the committee on the legal
points involved, we should soon learn
whether, as practical matter
delicate issue such as this can be
satisfactorily resolved by govern
mental decree. ~''''''' ''''''
Evening star., 1943-12-15

been. things suffer on the home front
from lack of direction: that without de-
tracing from the value of those that
have been held, it is to be hoped that
there will be no necessity for another for
a long time.
For instance, these last two confer
ences have taken Mr.. Roosevelt away
from the White House for more than
month During that time things on the
domestic front have gone pretty badly
In fact, as Mr.. Byrnes pointed out the
other day. they have become critical
The whole fight against imitation ap-
pears to be crumbling under pressure
from the labor and farm groups. The
Treasury tax program, inadequate and
political as 1t was, has been shot to
pieces by Congress which is about to
pass a bill even more inadequate and
political. Irritated by Messages from
the President written and unloaded
on them by one of his aides, members
OF Congress retaliated by ignoring the
protests of the executive departments
and looping off a power here and an
appropriation there without much re-
gard for reason. And, finally, the Pres
ident's own leader in the Senate, SEN
ator Barkley, and all of his more blatant
friends of the Guffey-Pepper type voted
against the administration appeal to
hold the line against railroad wage
increases, leaving him supported only
by three anti-New Deal Democrats
Byrd, of Virginia; Bailey, of North
Carolina; Ellender. of Florida, and two
Republicans-Vandenberg and Ferguson,
of Michigan
In the absence of Mr.. Roosevelt. Mr..
Byrnes has done about as much to hold
the line" as man we'll could do. He
has presented the facts to the country
and made forceful appeal to Congress.
Evening star., 1943-12-15
This Changing World

From what Is reported out Of the
Reich, Herr Goebbels' voices have sew
eral lines in their propaganda talks
One is that the Russian armies are
tired and Stain knows 1t. He is tops
with the Allies, according to the Nazis,
because OF the overwhelming power of
the Red armies. But this is now coming
to an end.
The losses suffered by the Soviet
troops, Herr Goebbels' henchmen say,
have been tremendous Yet the Soviet
high command must keep on the offen-
sive
If the Germans in a well-planned re-
treat continue to inf1ict heavy losses on
the Red armies, Stain will lose his
magic power with the Allies and the
Anglo-Saxons will dictate the peace,
Goebbels' henchmen say. This does
not suit Stains plans. Hence, he will
be only too pleased to hear of some con-
structive peace offerings from the
Reich; offerings compatible with Ger
man honor"
The other and even more popular line
Is that Britain cannot afford to see
Germany crushed because the balance
OF power which is the crux Of her foreign
policies in Europe would be permanently
upset.
An article written by the editor Of an
important London political magazine,
Nineteenth Century and After" is
given as the principal basis for this
propaganda. The German people are
told that the British enjoyed the power
OF Russia's resistance between 1941 and
the summer of l943 with its elimination
at Stallngrad. But the London govern
ment Is pictured as frowning at the idea
Evening star., 1943-12-15

Anthony Eden in his address to the
House Of Commons, with particular
reference to the reconciling of local
differences between elements in those
countries actually engaged in fighting
the Germans, the revelation that a
British military mission Is with the
Yugoslav Partisans and Russian mis-
sion on the way. Obviously, If there is
going to be q Balkan campaign, the
closest relations are necessary between
the Allied high command in the Medi-
terranean and the Patriot fighting
forces in Greece and Yugoslavia.
Third, the very definite unrest in Bull
garia, which seems to be increasing.
Fourth, Secretary Hulps warning to
the peoples of Bulgaria, Hungary and
Rumania, which sounds very much like
the warning addressed to the people of
Italy just before the invasion of that
country.
Evening star., 1943-12-15
The Czecho-Soviet Treaty

The text of the treaty just signed
between the Soviet Union and the
Czechoslovak government in exile
bears out forecasts of the document
put forth in anticipation of the
visit to Moscow of Mr.. Benes, the
Czechoslovak chief executive. The
treaty is twenty-year pact of mu-
tual friendship, assistance and post
war collaboration, its general struc-
ture patterned after that signed a
year ago between Britain and the
Soviet Union. The Czecho-Soviet in
strument is specifically designed to
checkmate all future potential Ger
man aggression in Eastern Europe.
The contracting parties agree not to
intervene in each others internal
affairs, this being interpreted as a
promise by Moscow not to encourage
Communist activity in the restored
Czechoslovak state. Close economic
as well as political relations be-
tween the two countries are provided
1ol III IIle postwar peTlOQ.
The most interesting part of the
document is undoubtedly the proto-
col annexed to the treaty itself,
whereby it is provided that should
any third power bordering on the
U. S. S. R. or the Czechoslovak Re-
: public, and representing in this war
an object of German aggression, ex-
press a desire to join the present
agreement, the latter will be given
the possibility of signing, thus max
Ing it tripartite agreement" Only
one country fits that description.
This is Poland. Diplomatic rela-
tions between Moscow and the Pol
1sh government in exile have been
broken for many months, chiefly
over the question of the Polish
Russian frontiers. If the Russian
claim prevails, the Soviet Union and
Czechoslovakia will have a common
border, which will tend to implement
more effectually the present treaty's
military, political and economic
clauses. But the existing Polish
government in exile shows no signs
Of admitting Moscow's claim, so the
likelihood of its adhesion is prob
lematical
The benevolent attitude displayed
by London and Washington toward
the Czecho-Soviet pact would seem
to indicate a closer understanding
between the British and Soviet gov
ernments on the postwar settlement
of Eastern Europe. Earlier in the
war, London favored the idea of
central European federation built
around the nucleus of military and
economic alliance between Czecho-
slovakia and Poland. Moscow, how
ever, strongly opposed the idea, and
it was dropped. There is evidence
to sustain the contention that Lon
don did not initially look with favor
on the Czecho-Soviet treaty as an
alternative, chiefly because of it's
effect upon the Poles. Now, how
ever, London makes no objection
and indicates its approval. This is
Evening star., 1943-12-15

Stain is said to have played the bass
drum.
1t appears that the whispered propa-
ganda is aimed principally at bolstering
Nazi civilian morale. Information re-
ceived in Washington indicates that
while German troops are qualitatively in
ferior to the armies which were fighting
an easy battle between 1899 and l941
their morale has suffered comparatively
little from the last years reverses
The home front is being held to-
gether by the Gestapo. But both
Himmler and Goebbels realize that even
Gestapo-trained people occasionally
need something more than the prospect
OF long vacation in a concentration
camp to bolster their patriotic fervor.
Additional sausage and margarine is no
longer sufficient. Hence, the Il hear
that campaign regarding early peace
negotiations.
Evening star., 1943-12-15

tiations between the
Reich and the Allies
are started early
next year.
The Nazi propa-
gandists, of course,
ridicule all thoughts
Of un CO nditional
surrender. They are
exploiting the fact
that the Casablanca
slogan adopted by
President Roosevelt
and Prime Minister
Churchill was not
reiterated at Tehe-
ran where Premier
Evening star., 1943-12-15

the war. WelcOmlng
the coalition of the
"grea t trinity" of
W orld powers, in
peace and war, 1t
has come home to
him that this trinity
will consist of very
u n e quail members.
Russia will emerge
from the war as the
dominant European
and Asiatic conti-
mental power; the
United States also
represents a vas t
political and eco
Evening star., 1943-12-15

enceS woul d b e
smaller, less dra-
matte and less fam
boyant." He also ex-
pressed the belief
that, except for the
symbolic" effect. the
results could all be
achieved just as we'll
by normal staff liai-
son methods.
This does not seem
a justified comment.
While it is true the
communicates from
some of these meet
ingS are full Of pious
Evening star., 1943-12-15

FlrSC, OF course,
the Cairo confer
ence between Presi-
dent r oos evelt
Prime M i n ! S t e r
Churchill and Presi-
dent Inonu of Tur-
key, which has been
followed by some
pretty strong ofncial
statements from An
kara.
Second, the de-
tailed ention
given to Greek and
Yugoslav affairs by
Foreign Minister
Evening star., 1943-12-15

Whispered propaganda cleverly engi-
neered by DR.. Joseph Goebbels tells the
Germans on the home front that they
Evening star., 1943-12-15
On The Record

Jan Christian Smuts, Prime Minister
OF the Union Of South Africa, is worried
about the relative power positions OF
Britain. America and Russia, following
Evening star., 1943-12-15
The Great Game of Politics

The other day an Englishman-Lord
Wintner, one of the Labor peers-writing
from London voiced the hope that in
the future these international confer
Evening star., 1943-12-15
Action in the Balkans?

Are we about to see military activities
on large scale in the Balkans and the
Aegean area? There are some indica-
tions that this is a possibility.
Evening star., 1943-12-15

an important factor to be borne In
mind regarding the political reper-
cussions to the treaty which are
logically indicated throughout East
ern Europe.
Evening star., 1943-12-15
Letters to The Star
Criticizes Critic

SEAtACIzc0 OIltlC
OF Public Housing.
To the Editor OF The Star:
There Is much criticism heard these
days against public housing, and this Is
very unfortunate because 1t is apparent
that much of it is actuated by motives
that are ulterior and sinister. Derogatory
statements are being made by people
who know better. They are taking ad-
vantage OF some mistakes made by the
advocates and supporters of public
housing when they were crusading to
get the program started.
The intolerable conditions in the
slums were played up in order to arouse
Congress to the point where it would
create the necessary public agency to
handle the problem. When the agency
was created and the miracle Of clearing
the slums and rehousing all of the slum
dWellers was not effected Immediately,
those with axes to grind, knowing that
the public at large would not take the
time to get the facts, began to harass,
embarrass and hamper the program.
Mr.. Deckman, in your issue of De-
cember IL. speaking for the Federation
OF Citizens Associations, states for in
stance. that the local authority should
be done away with because, in seven
years, 1t cleared only IA alley slums. He
knew that Congress created the Alley
Dwelling Authority in June, 1884, and
appropriated the munificent sum of
$500000 with which to complete this
important work. If he did not know
this fact, has he the right to criticize?
The remarkable thing is that IA actually
were cleared.
Mr.. Deckman, in the same letter,
makes this amazing statement: The
Star policy is the ignoring of the re-
ports recommendation to set up a local
agency to clear slums in place of NCHA
and to give Washington businessmen
the same advantages to construct low
cost housing as enjoyed by public hous-
ing agencies" What does Mr. Deck
man think public housing agency is?
Does he conclude that because the word
national" appears in the name Of
NCHA that its work is not local? I
thought 1t was mistake to change the
name OF the Alley Dwelling Authority.
CHARLES H. FLAGG.
Evening star., 1943-12-15
Generous Appreciation
From Junior Red Cross Leader.
Finds Mr.. Brown
A Generous Fellow.

FlndS Mr.. Brown
A Generous Fellow.
To the Editor of The Star:
NO one seems to know less while pre-
sumlng to know more than YOUR dailv
columnist, Constantine Brown. At the
same time, no one is more generous
with somebody else's territory.
Some months ago he was blithely Civ
ing away the Baltic states, Finland
most OF Poland-not to mention the
Dardanelles and Northwestern Iran to
the U. S. S. R.
Now dissatisfied with the national
boundaries OF the Soviet Republics, he
Is giving the District OF Leninakan al
most half of the Armenian s. S. r tn
Georgia, its neighbor. "
ANY day, now, am expecting him to
give Syria to Ibn-saud and Bulgaria to
the SO hard-headed (whatever that may
mean Turks.
Isn't he wonderful?
L. de KOZAN.
Evening star., 1943-12-15
Poles Not Slavic
In Origin, 1t Is Alleged.

To the Editor of The Star:
A recent letter in The Star by L. de
koZan and several others before it have
asserted that the Polish people are
Slavic and that Russians would enter
that country as brothers.
Ihe TACT Is that the original Polish
people were mixed Nordic and not
Slavic, as stated by Herodotus. Just
before the beginning of the Christian
era they inhabited the region along
the north shores of the Black Sea and
were known as Sarmatians On their
north lived the Goths, also Nordics.
When the Sarmatian tribe became so
large as to be unwieldy it split into
two divisions as the Goths did, one
OF which retained the ancient name and
the other of which assumed the name
of Roxolani.
Ultimately some nations moved
northwestward to the present region
OF Poland, where they were found bv
Tacltus, and the Roxolani moved to
the territory south of them, now known
as the Ukraine. Thus. the original
Poles and the original Ukrainians were
members of sister nations.
1t probably was the southwark move.
ment of the Goths from the region
at the eastern end of the Baltic Sea
that forced these tribes to the north
westward, and when the Goths were
drlVen out of that region the Slavs
moved in and formed contact with
ooth the Poles and the Ukrainians.
after which intermingling was more or
less continuous
Upon the westward migration of the
Wenos and other Slavs as far as Hol-
Nsteln, Bohemia and w the Balkans. 1t
was inevitable that intensified inter-
mixture OF the Poles and the Ukrainians.
on the one hand, and the Slavs, on
lhe other. should occtrs.and this COM
minehng and interbreeding has. persist
ed down through the subsequent CEN
turles' to a far greater extent among
the lower elements of the population
imam among the nobility. So largely
mas this been true that many Poles
To-Day actually believe that they are a
Slavic nation; If so. it has been caused
oy this intermixing and not by origin,
Inc cleavage between the Poles and
tne Ukraln1ans was due in part to re-
ngious reasons, the former having
ADOPTED Roman Catholicism and the
latter Orthodox Catholicism.
Z. l. kEPHART.
Generous Appreciation
From Junior Red Cross Leader.
TO the Editor of The Star,
On Sunday, December 70, you pub
nshed photograph of our Junior Red
cross members inspecting Christmas
STOCKINGS for servicemen. 1t was one
OF the finest examples of publicity that
we have ever received. Our bows and
girls have worked extremely hard to
make this project a success. Thanks
to your paper, many parents have been
informed of the outstanding work orr
young folks are doing.
Please accept the sincere appreciation
OF every member of the Junior Red
Cross staff.
MARGARETTE w. PENNOYER,
Vice Chairman, j. r G..
Evening star., 1943-12-15

Cheereo ~ the Post Once, WaShington d C
as second-class mail matter. -"
Imperial Valley press., 1943-11-23
US. Armed Force
Is Crushing 9 Jops

the japanese from sending air
fleets from their nearby bases.
Scene of the new landing by
marines who learned to whip the
Japanese at Guadalcanal was
coral islet which had a pre-wa1
population of 841. Wording of the
communique indicated resistance
was less on Abemama than on the
other two islands, which were the
most powerfully developed il the
chain aStride the Equi L.
Other units of the seconu mar
ines handled Tarawa while lntan-
trymen of the 9th division-NeW
Yorkers-invaded Maxim, it was an
nounced. Lieut.. Col. James RooSe-
velt, son of the president, who ac-
companied Col. Evan F. Carlson'S
marine raiders in sweep of Maxim
in August, 1912, aided the army
forces b. landing with them.
The marines were under Maj.
Gen. Holland MOT. Smith, Of
Montgomery, Ala, and Maj. Gen.
Julian C. Smith of Elkton, Md,
while a third Smith, Maj. Gen.
Ralph Smith of Tucson, Ariz., was
in charge of the 9th division.
Imperial Valley press., 1943-11-23
Indiana Private
Struck by Patton
Continued from raee y

Continued from TaGe =
proposed that the senate truman
committee investigate the high
ranking Officers Self Protective
club"
when a soldier strikes an officer
he is shot When an officer strikes
a soldier, it is denied Pearson said,
Sen. Pepper, criticizing Gen. Els
enhower for not formally repri-
manding Patton, said we must not
let the people understand that an
officer can abuse a soldier without
being punished"
Patton should have been court
martialed and given an elaborate
military punishment of some kind,
such as public reprimand or in
generation for a period of time, y
Pepper said.
The articles of war, governing
conduct of the army, do not specifi-
cally prohibit superior officer
from striking a subordinate or an
enlisted man. However, students of
military law said charges may be
brought fer such an act under arti-
Gle 95 of the articles of war which
covers conduct unbCcoming an Of
ficer or gentleman. Conviction would
result in dismissal.
Chairman Andrew j. May of the
house military affairs committee
which normally would handle any
Patton investigation for the house
said he considered it "a closed case.
Imperial Valley press., 1943-11-23
Russia viii Have
Place in UNRRA

Continued from Page u
Brazil, Canada, Czechoslovakia, the
French Committee for National
Liberation, Greece, Iceland, LuXem-
bourgh, Netherlands, Norway, Po-
land, the United Kingdom, the u
nited States and Jugoslavia.
Imperial Valley press., 1943-11-23
I.V. Is US. Beet
Provinu Grounds

Continued from Page II
lington; Thomas j. Neighbors and
Erlise Hansen, Sheridan; Roy Laird,
Henry Valee, and C. a. Bracken,
Worland. Montana; Chester Boun-
Gus, Hardin; P. M. RosenaW, Sid
ney California: r. c. Brown, BraW-
ley, r. j. Tingley, Hamilton City,
A. K. Logan, Alvarado, and c. A,
Lewis.
FROM SPRECKLES
From the Spreckles Sugar COM
pany were Elmer E. Crane and Har-
ry Venning from Salinas, and Char
les Paet.i, Ben Marcum, and Aus
tin Armer, all of Sacramento.
The American Crystal Sugar COM
pany was represented by Club Stew
art and l.. j. Holmes of ClarkSburg
and c. c. OHara OF Oxnard.
Farmers and Manufacturers Beet
Sugar association of Saginaw, Mich
was represented by Perc Reeve,
Imperial Valley press., 1943-11-23
One Dies in Crash
Of Army Bomber

FRESNO, Cal, Nov. %. CUP) -
Hammer Field today announced
that one man was killed and three
injured whel B-24 bomber crash
ed near Tonopah, New, last night
on a routine flight.
Seven crew members, including
a MADEIRA, Cal, sergeant, bailed out
near an artillery and rifle range
the field said.
Dead was 1t. Edward j. DrIcker
copilot, Richmond Hill, New York
The injured men were 1t. Regi-
nald B. Tribe, Jr., pilot, new Bed
ford Mass, Sgt. Francis H. Finni-
gain, a member of the first all
force photography unit, address
unknown, and Sgt. Jack w. Kline
Mansfield, o.
Imperial Valley press., 1943-11-23
laps Trapped on
BouqainviIIe Isle
Continued from Page u

(COnllnutu lTOill riBc II
j. Mitchell. would be able to oper-
ate from Bougainville with fighter
escort. he said.
TELLS OF RAID
Twining said that at the captured
Munda airfield on New Georgia,
a plane took off or landed every
IS seconds for 13 hours Nov. 10. 1t
was the next day that American
LiberatorS teamed with carrier
based aircraft TO hit Rabaul with
tons of explosives, smashing ship
ping in the harbor. The Liberators
alone dropped l26 tons of bombs.
Bulk of the newest success against
shipping took place around Dutch
New Guinea and the Aroe islands
Sunday, MacArthur's spokesman
said. Dutch-manned Mitchells and
Beaufighters, followed by Liberat-
orS, sank or damaged two 4.000-ton
ships, others of 1000 and 1000 tons
along with two coastal vessels and
two small boats. Five enemy planes
were shot down. One Allied craft
was lost.
Near Satelberg, the Australian in
fantrymen climbed 4 half mile up
the heights toward the village, 10
miles northwest of FinSchhafen. On
trails below them, so enemy troops
we're killed in patrol actions while
planes raided nearby villages in
support of the ground forces.
Imperial Valley press., 1943-11-23
Patton Criticized
For Hitting Man

Continued from Page ID
fighting a week after Patton saw
him.