davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-12-24
Constantine BrO1Vu

nuisance value, but could not seriously
hamper the NaZis until regular Allied
troops began to make their way into
the enemy-held territory.
Tito's Moscow sponsored armies un-
questionably have stronger political
than military value In many quarters
the Partisans' victories are considered
more as an important propaganda than
military asset. But since they enter
into the global political ARRANGEMENTS
reached with our Russian associates,
the less said about this phase of the
guerrilla warfare in the Balkans the
better.
This viewpoint-which is logical-is
not shared by King Peters government
in Cairo or by Gen. Mihailovich in the
mountains of Serbia
The American Government has not
yet gone so far as to indorse British
support of plebiscite in Yugoslavia.
but for military reasons has shifted its
assistance from Mihailovich to Tito.
There are strong indications, however,
that it soon will approve the plebiscite
idsa
Supporters Of King Peter say that
from the moment the assistance to Tito
increases and aid to Gen. Mihailovich
stops the Partisan forces necessarily
will become the stronger, and they indi-
cate that if civil war is heightened in
Yugoslayia, the Allies will have a large
share OF the responsibility. Further
more, they point out that the warfare
might spread to other countries in
Central and Eastern Europe, necessarily
playing into the hands of the Nazis.
President Roosevelt realizes the
danger and also is fully cognizant Of
possible repercussion on the war and
postwar era. But it is doubtful that he
will be able to reverse the position he is
said to have adopted after the Teheran
Copference
Evening star., 1943-12-24

the Ukraine were surrendered, lay this
speculation. 1t did not greatly matter
to Lenin whether they lost the Ukraine
because it eventually would become part
OF a European Communist order.
In such situation, to have created a
new national Russian and revolutionary
anthem would have been meaningless.
But the history of Russia since the
first Five-Year Plan, has been proof
that Russia could create revolutionary
Socialist state without the aid and even
against the outside world. This war
has proved that this state could defeat
the very enemy by which Is years ago
Russia was defeated. This victory has
been achieved by rebirth Of Russian
nationalism and without the aid of the
German workers who, theoretically.
should have arisen in behalf of all
attacked peoples-especially the Ger
mans. who had, prior to Hitler, the
strongest Communist party outside Rus
sia herself.
How, then, can Russian Socialists sing
on through this war an anthem proven
false? Not the Socialists of the world
but the nations of the world have been
the allies of the Soviet State. Nation
alism has proved itself still the most
dynamic force on earth
But the pillars upon which national
ism rests have changed Everywhere,
and above all in countries defeated and
occupied by Hitler, national resistance
has come from the masses of the people
Those who before had monopolized the
national slogans were the first to become
collaborationists. and in public feeling
are national traitors. Thus nationalism,
from Yugoslavia to France. has as
sumed a revolutionary complexion
There is a strong feeling that the social
order, which yielded to the conqueror.
never can be re-established. The move
ments of national liberation are COM
bined, as in the American Revolutionary
War, with radical social concepts And
it would be blindness in the face of facts
Evening star., 1943-12-24
renton

Major General John Frederick
Charles Fuller, D. S. O., writing in
the London Evening Standard, de-
clares that the Battle of Trenton,
December 26, 1776, Determined the
course of world history from 1888
onward" The incident to which
this eminent military authority re-
fers was the sudden surprise attack
executed by George Washington
against those Hessian troops which
the brothers Howe had advanced
against him in New Jersey. It was
the result of his celebrated crossing
of the Delaware on Christmas
night-an event which Professor
Wilbur c. Abbott of Harvard and
Yale says is generally recognized as
the turning point Of the Revolu-
ton" since it restored the Amer
lean morale, then in danger of
collapse"
Washington, Of course, was IA
miliar with the peril in which the
Colonies stood. Their independence
had not yet ceased to be merely an
Evening star., 1943-12-24
Christmas, 1913

This cannot be very merry
Christmas for Americans. Though
encouraged by the victories of past
months, they nevertheless realize
that the war is not yet won. With
knowledge of the losses at TaraWa
and San Pietro in their minds, the
generality of the people of the United
States stand in little need of being
told that both in Europe and in the
Pacific area their enemies still are
possessed of power to resist attack.
Thousands of homes already have
been saddened by sacrifices made on
distant battleflelds. Other families
inevitably must become acquainted
with the same sorrow before final
triumph over the ruthless foes of
human freedom is achieved.
But Christmas should be observed
In America in 1943 as it was in 1941
and in 1912 despite the global strug-
gle. This year there is abundant
reason for celebrating the anniver-
sary of the birth of the Saviour of
Mankind. His cause is stronger now
than it has been at any other time
in twoscore months. The purpose
of His coming into the world is served
by the nations associated against
the pagan Axis. He lived and died
for the values without which human
existence would be intolerable. The
citizen soldiers and sailors and air.
men Of the liberty-loving countries
are defending His grand conceptions
of civilization. Perhaps they do not
say so, but it is one of the magnifi-
cent truths of modern history that
there are no atheists in foxholes."
Neither are there many profess
sional doubterS on the home front.
The spiritual impulse of millions of
Americans is being demonstrated
from hour to hour in hundreds of
quiet ways. Granted, unnecessary
troubles develop, differences flourish,
self1shness and intolerance too often
prevail. Basically, however, the COM
munity of the United States is peace
able, liberal, just and fair. That is
why it instinctively preserves the
Christmas ideal even in the midst
of universal conflict. 1t is as much
a part Of the peoples tradition as
the Declaration of Independence and
the Constitution. The authors Of
those immortal documents were
frankly religious as well as devotedly
democratic. 1t is their example that
prompts Americas share in the effort
to vanquish aggressive tyranny. The
faith that arose from the stable at
Bethlehem is portion Of the prize
that will be saved by the ultimate
victory. and it Is with that convic-
tion profoundly felt. that plain folk
in Washington approach the Christ
mas festival this year.
Evening star., 1943-12-24
Hard to Discard

IL ID MILESTONE OF SOTCS Wnen
President Roosevelt says he thinks
the phrase New Deal" has outlived
It's usefulness and ought to be dis
carded. The political commentators
can be counted upon to pounce upon
this development for at least one
long column apiece, so that its deep
est implications and most hidden
SubtletieS-if any-will in all prob
ability soon receive almost as much
speculative airing as the subject of
the second front.
All such comment aside, however,
the average American, if he happens
to be one Of the South's unrecon-
structed rebels, is likely to say good
riddance to the phrase, feeling that
1t reflects no glory on the Demo-
cratic Party, or he may even suspect
that Mr.. Roosevelt is slyly trying to
make up to him. On the other hand,
If he happens to be Republican, he
will be apt to sniff and say that by
the mere desire to scrap the label
the President is admitting the fail
ure of his administration. In both
parties, in short, there are those who
will say that the term "New Deal" is
q term of opprobrium and that the
suggestion to drop it now is simply
an effort by Mr.. Roosevelt to dis
engage himself from what has ceased
to be a political asset. AS for the
man who has been for the New Deal
from the start, he will probably feel
a little let down or puzzled or an
guished. Discard the phrase? Why,
that would be like lowering bright
and glorious battle standard! What's
the matter with Mr.. Roosevelt any,
how?
All things considered, the Presi-
dents suggestion is going to be
mighty hard to put into effect,
because anti-New Dealers will want
to keep the phrase alive for whatever
political capital they can make of it
and because any number Of pro New
Dealers love it too much to let it die.
Moreover, the historians will almost
certainly perpetuate it and school
children generations from now will
talk about it In their classroom
with more detachment, surely, than
most Of us show who are it's contem-
poraries.
Evening star., 1943-12-24

selzlng the power IN order to continue
the war, was suppressed in civil war
and the nation capitulated to Bismarck.
The sentiments of the French workers
Of that time are reflected in the Inter
rationale" namely that freedom from
domestic and foreign oppression cannot
be achieved except by a union of the
masses everywhere, and common up
rising to overthrow all governments In
the Socialist concepts of those days,
governments were institutions for main
tanning the interests of the ruling class,
feudal or otherwise economic, and no
people by themselves, could break these
bonds. 1t was a song of the defeated
In 1917, 1t was the song of the Russian
revolution. born in defeat-and by the
same enemy-the Germans. Lenin and
Trotsky. at that time. were convinced
the revolution in Russia could survive
only If joined by other revolutions. espe-
cially in Germany. They believed that
the world revolution was at hand and
that their party had only to maintain
itself in power until the center of the
revolution would be shifted to western
lands. Behind the signing of the
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk with the Ger
mans, in which the Baltic States and
Evening star., 1943-12-24

piled no leadership worthy of the name
in the matter of taxation; that the
Treasury's proposals were political and
inadequate: that the administrators
avoidance of the sales tax is as illogical
as it is ignoble. But. none of these
things excuses Congress for measuring
up even less we'll to the needs of the
Nation. Nor can Congress make any
real defense of its attitude on food sub
sides nor in tearing down tine bars that
had been raised against an increase
in railroad wages, which invites a de-
mand for general inflationary wage
rise.
And, finally, there is the matter of
the soldiers vote. Congress, it is true,
has not evolved satisfactory means
of meeting this question; but it is the
administration which is playing politics
with the issue by trying to make it
appear that the Senators who rejected
the administration-suppo bill are
opposed to soldiers voting This is
completely untrue. There is not men,
ber of Congress who does not want
the soldiers to vote. The Green-Lucas
bill was rejected not because any one
dissented from it's objective but because
it was a clearly unconstitutional, par
tisan and dangerous bill that swept
aside the rights of the States and
easily might have created an ugly con-
troversy about the election result.
Evening star., 1943-12-24
A Stor Once Shone

Because star once shone, men learned
the taste
OF Freedoms bread upon the tongue.
and they
Will not be satisfied ,Dith bitter rinds
OF SldDery, nor sit submissiuely
Upon the ashes of ruined dream.
Because star once shone ubope
Dorld
Gone dark, men kno,O there is no night
so black
Against the sky, but da,Dn 1viH come
to fringe
Its crepe ,oith gold .. no grief so deep
but Time
Will lay a healing hand against the
So men DiH rise and build newer house
Whose firm foundation shall be that
OF loUe;;
A star once shone to blaze the iDdy for
God is not Knocked :" star tpiu
shine again!
INEz CLARK THoRsoN.
Evening star., 1943-12-24
Natural Law" Affirmed
Above Government Edicts,

To the Editor Of The Star:
The attempts by those in power at
washington to secure desired results by
shortcut methods which violate natural
law are certain to result in disaster.
Every one of us wants to have the
advantage of lower prices on the things
we buy, and we also want largest pos
sible incomes, but the idea that these
can be secured by governmental edicts
betrays pitiable ignorance of funda-
mental law. To make the Little Steel
formula" the measure for wage scales
is as foolish as it would be to command
the temperature at Yuma, Ariz, to re-
main below the limit of IS degrees Fab
renheit. And for the OPA bureau to in
terfere with prices which are definitely
fixed by the natural law of supply and
demand Is certain to result in paralysis
OF business, great losses to dealers, the
destruction of thousands of commercial
enterprises, and the creation of extensive
black markets, with general inconven-
ience and hardship to the public.
No government has any right to inter-
fere with the operation of natural law,
the will of the Creator.
HENRY WARE ALLEN,
Wichita, Kans
Evening star., 1943-12-24

experiment. American Armies had
been defeated and were in retreat.
The excursion to Trenton simply was
raid. Washington gambled with
disaster. He was more successful
than he had reason to dare to hope.
The victory gave him nine hundred
and forty-six prisoners, including
the German commander, and twelve
hundred muskets, not to mention six
cannon and the regimental colors.
More important, it raised the repu-
tation and influence of Washington
to point where he could, at last, be
free to carry out his plans with a
minimum of hindrance."
So much has been understood by
scholars on both sides of the Atlantic
for many decades. What perhaps
has not been comprehended is the
impact Of Trenton upon the whole
Of human destiny. 1t unquestionably
spelt triumph for the new nation
conceived in liberty and dedicated
to the proposition that all men are
created equal" General Fuller,
however, goes further. Regarding
the American Revolution, he writes
specifically:
Not only did that war knock the
bottom out of the autocratic concep-
ton upon which colonial empires
were then founded, but its ideals
went far to fertilize the French
Revolution; therefore, the Napoleonic
wars, the rise of Prussia, the Franco
Prussian War, the First World War,
and, consequently. also the present
war; a war in which, so far as can
see. and thought can judge, fate and
circumstances have determined that
the America we lost 100 years ago is
going to decide the issue.
Whether the opinion and the
prophecy so expressed are justified
must remain for the future to decide.
Meanwhile, the people of the United
States will not forget the occurrences
OF that Christmas season one hun
dred and sixty-seven years ago to
which they owe their national
integrity.
Evening star., 1943-12-24
Dorothy Thompson

not to realize that these concepts are
Socialist
AS matter of fact, all success
full western revolutions
French, American and Russian-have
had combination of these two factors;
nationalism and recognition Of the need
for social change. The very word pa
triot' is revolutionary invention, used
first to describe one who was both
against the King and foreign enemies.
The nation, deceived bv an established
leadership who put self-interest above
the general welfare, turned to new
leaders, new slogans and new social
concepts.
The prestige of Russia, is due to recog-
milton of this most important historic
fact of our times, namely that the pa
trlotic forces and the revolutionary
forces pressing for social change, are
conJoined everywhere in Europe today.
Russia is looked upon, both as the
hberator of the nations, and the liberia
tor OF long suppressed social forces. Let
those who wish to believe that the in
huence OF Russia is no longer revolu-
tlonary cherish their wish dreams The
facts are exactly the opposite. There
is not the slightest hope that Europe
will re-arise on the foundations Of
1899.
The European revolution is in being.
Without revolutionary forces and tech
nlques, there could be no effective re-
slstance IN the countries of Etroue.
And the political weakness Of tie
Anglo-American powers is that fearing
these revolutions, originally folmless,
they have made no ATTEMPT to c2nalize
them to dynamic idea, and have left
them. partly hanging on Russia. and
partly developing spontaneously.
q" Thus, If the old "Internationale" 4,
no longer sung, new and no less revolrI-
tionary national songs are sung. The
liberation of the nations and the rise
OF the masses are becoming synch-onized
from one end of Europe to the other
'Eeleased by the Bell Syndicate, 1nc)
Evening star., 1943-12-24
Sees No Double Jeopardy"
In Second Robinson Trial.

To the Editor OF The Star:
Laura K. Pollock's letter in The Star
for December II asks whether the Sec
ond trial of Thomas Robinson, alleged
Stoll kidnaper, constitutes double
jeopardy. Decidedly not. Hundreds Of
persons have been lawfully retired after
the reversal of their previous convictions.
No constitutional objection bars the sec
ond trial of an accused who successfully
had sought to overthrow the conviction
imposed at his first trial. Whether such
overthrow was on direct appeal, writ of
error, certiorari or habeas corpus is i'm
material for this purpose. Had Robin
son been acquitted on his first trial. the
double jeopardy doctrine would shield
him from second trial But he was
convicted at his first trial and himself
urged the overthrow of that conviction.
in hope that on second trial he would
be acquitted or obtain lesser sentence.
E. M. MILLION.
Evening star., 1943-12-24
Letters to The Star
Remembers Mother and Grandfather
OF Pioneers of Aviation.

Remembers Mother and Grandfather
OF Pioneers of Aviation.
TO the Editor Of The Star:
The accomplishments of the Wright
brothers were justly conmemorated on
the 40th anniversary of their first flight
and by your excellent editorial. Perhaps
word might be added remembering
the mother of the boys.
On Route 7, just beyond historic Lees
burg, Va, at Purcellville, there is sign
which reads: THE Mother of the
Wright brothers was born at Hillsboro,
6 miles to the north"
I drove out that narrow road to the
little mountain town situated not many
miles from the junction of the Shenan-
doah and the Potomac.
On the corner of a well-kept lot by
an old stone well is bronze tablet,
marking "the birthplace of Susan Koer-
ner, mother of the Wright brothers.
Just over the way. under great trees,
stands the house which once, was the
Koerner home. Here the grandfather
of the boys had his own small machine
and wood shop. From him, doubtless,
tenacity and native talent were hand
ed down to the future pioneers of the
air. SAMUEL IRWIN.
Evening star., 1943-12-24
Two-Way Radio Proposed
To Prevent Rail Accidents.
To the Editor of The Star.


The recent Atlantic Coast Line train
disaster has eliminated a series of
events which demonstrate that present
railroad signalling and control have not
kept abreast of the increase in pas
senger train speed.
In the case Of the Coast Line accident
considerable time elapsed between the
actual time of the first derailment and
the time OF the streamliner plowing into
the wreckage. Due to the length OF
track necessary to stop train travelling
at high speed. the Interstate Commerce
Commission should insist that the rail-
roads institute some form of signalling
device Immediately to stop all trains in
the vicinity of wreck.
In proposing that all fast trains be
required to be equipped with two-way
radio communication, we are only rec
ommending something that has been
tried and found successful in other
fields OF transportation Such two-way
radio could Immediately warn train
engineers of dangers ahead, and in the
case OF the recent wreck the disaster
could have been avoided. We trust that
your paper will convey this suggestion
to those interested
LEWIS J. DAWSON.
Evening star., 1943-12-24

cause of the Yugoslavs blind confidence
in the Presidents word that they de-
cided to take a deep plunge on the
side OF the Allies.
The Yugoslav government agreed In
the spring of 1941 to face the over
whelming Nazi military machine only
when the President himself pledged
this country to give all possible assist
ance to Yugoslavia. OF course, Wash
ington and Belgrade knew that We
could not send equipment in time to
stand the German avalanche.
Neither could the British. who had
sent some 10000 men to Greece, offer
any practical assistance to the ILL
equipped and only partially modified
armies of the boy King of Yugoslavia.
But the Belgrade government took
1t for granted that in exchange for
delaying the German march toward
Greece and the Mediterranean they
would have country which would not
be dominated by any foreign power
after the war.
Evening star., 1943-12-24
Spain in Transition

Spain's disturbed political situa-
ton is given emphasis by two parallel
incidents which have evoked diplo-
matte protests from the American
and British governments. The
American protest was caused by the
violent entry of two members of the
Falangist party, later identified as
members of the Spanish Blue Divi-
sion which fought in Russia, who
forced their way into the American
consulate in Valencia and grossly
miSconducted themselves. This fol-
lowed closely on similar outrage
on the British Vice Consulate at
SaragosSa. In both cases the cul-
prits were arrested and the Spanish
government has rendered apologies.
In themselves, these incidents
might mean little. Their significance.
however, is related to a series of
developments in Spain's domestic
situation which shows a deeper
trend. For more than a year. Cen
eralissimo Francisco Franco has ap-
parently been seeking to curb the
power OF the Falangist party, which
aspired to dominate Spain much as
the Nazis did Germany and the
Fascists Italy. Franco is neither
Hitler nor Mussolini He is an
army officer, which means much in
Spain, because there the officers
corps of the army and navy, COL
lectively termed the "Cuerpos
Armados" or armed services, have
strong sense of professional soli-
darity which sets them apart as
self-conscious group jealous of its
rights and privileges. The civil war
was won by coalition embracing
not only the officers corps, but also
the big landowners, much of the
church, the ultra conservative
peasantry Of the north, and of
course the F'alangists, a youth"
movement headed by middle class
intellectuals and aping Italian
Fascism. Falangist ambitions and
theology never set well with the
other elements of the Nationalist
coalition, who called the Falange
"un-Spanish." The Falange's pres
tige was due mainly to the sweep
ing victories of the Axis. When
Axis good fortune passed its peak
with the failure to knock out Russia
in 194l, Falangist prestige began to
decline. Franco has been slowly
curbing It's power. and has now