davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-04

cussion, because II was that kind
of a case. But no, the jury was
back in less than an hour.
The foreman asked the judge
please, your honor. may we
have the law book on robbery
armed:"
Judge Murphy, although more
than a trifle surprised, pulled him.
self together and said:
Lawyers have been quarrel
ing for years about The mean
Ing Of this law. Tell me your
troubles and I'll explain the law
and you can apply II TO the
facts"
Judge Murphy "dood It."
Here's one on Quentin Reynolds.
Talking to more than TOO mem
bers of the DAG he said:
Tn London we hear a lot
of talk about our army and navy
mot getting along 10 hot to-
gether. Now I've been back here
for three months and the other
day I arm walking along Wash
ington street with q general. We
meet an admiral coming toward
US. The general salutes smartly,
the admiral returns the salute
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-04

The height of something or
other. william (BilD Richards,
who worked on a downtown paper
for years, walked into his old Of
flee the other day and asked TO
see his old boss. The boss wasn't
in so the girl at the desk asked
Richards If he wouldn't like to see
the inside OF newspaper plant:
Richards shook and stumbled
out mumbling.
This happened in the courtroom
Of Circuit Judge Thomas j. MUIR
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-04

Since Pearl Hsrbor, Santa Fe has
moved over l,956,2o7 freight car.
loads of military material and essen.
tial civilian goods in this war.
That's equivalent to a freight train
1900 miles long-long enough to
reach all the way from Chicago
TO the Solomon Islands via the
Mediterranean. And ibis train is grou.
ing longer BY The bORr'
This is only one of many new
mass transportation records Amer.
lean railroads are making in ham
ding essential materials these days
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-04

81, has all OF
them. He re-
ceived the knife
and chair from
his fellow en-
ployes at the
Strathmoor post
office S [ a ton
and the memo
ries come from
his y ars 81
service. Johnson
retired January
30. Before doing
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-04
Special Selling of Hudson Brand
DRUGS RIES-SUNDRIES
Hudson Brand
Drugs

Aspirin Tablets, zoos,
23c; 25O's, 49c; loOO's
......,........ $l.69
Astringent Powder, large
Observation-Disclosures. zee
A, B, d Vitamin Cap
sules, 1905, $3.50; 25Os.
$3.50; 5o0's 49,. $5.49
Boric Acid Powd er,
pound ............ zoe
Brilliantine. 4 scents SIC
Plus 1919 Federal Tos
Brewers Yeast Tablets,
25o's, 49c; jO0's Sc
Cascara Tablets, s grain.
chocolate coated, 1905
'.'' p''''''.'.''...'.''. &c
Citrates and Carbonates,
pound ............ s5e
Ephedrine Solution, plain,
compound or so Sc
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-04

meeting at the
home of h e
governor. Mrs.
j. +. Mahoney.
Miss b ert h n
Green is ( h e
new chairman
of education.
& q o r z e
Kiaieh, another
T m es m a n,
goes into the
a r m e d forces
soon. George is
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-04

and much Of the credit for this
goes to our civilian shippers. =.
For the shippers are cooperating
1000 with the railroads, the War
Department, and the Office Of
Defense Transportation-by order.
iag freight cars only for their actual
requirement, loading them to capae-
iy, and unloading and releasing
them promptly.
With this kind of teamwork, we'll,
keep 'em rollin' for the duration,
come hell or high water!
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-04
Barber Laundry Cut

BOSTON, Feb. 4 (INS).-Linen
dealers announced today that
there would be a so per cent cut
In the laundering OF barber towels.
linen and white coats because Of
the fuel oil shortage.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-04

his duty as a mailman, Johnson
served six years in the army,
making a complete trip around the
world.
DIR. John NJ. Nader, brother OF
Tony. is now a senior lieutenant
in the navy. The doc is not
married.
The Michigan chapter of the In
ternational Federation of Catholic
Alumnae held the January board
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-04

p h y. A n e w
jury had just
been sent out
to decide I h e
fate of a rob-
berry armed sus-
pc c I. A. Tom
Pasleczny, { h c
prosecutor. and
John j. Hogue,
the de re MS c
c o u n S e ], sat
back 10 await a
long Jury dis
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-04
People You Know
OIdtine Scribe Invited TO See Newspaper PIa
By WILLIAM FLEMING

the same way. No blows were
struck. and we pass by. l express
my amazement.
"'Oh, that's the bunk the
general said. 4 guess the navy's
o. r., and besides, they ARE
our allies"
Miss Clara l.. Snow has been
chairman of the new Dear
born library commission. Mrs. Il.
n. Bryant is the vice president.
A knife, a chair and lots Of
William Henry johnson.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-04

up his mind. He doesn't
know if he should go into the navy
or marines. He is 12,
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-28

OF the True cross. CorteS was
not content with this achievement.
He had heard stories Of fabulous
Indian Empire inland. the land of
tho Aztecs. Cortes burned all Of
his ships. save one, so that his
men would not be able to desert
him and return TO Cuba. Then,
with horses and cannon, he started
inland for the Aztec Empire.
The methods of conquest used
by ,Cortes had peculiarly modern
ring He used both force and cum
ming. and cared nothing for what
is called human morality.
First ne conquered an Indian
ruler near the sea. then made an
ally Of his former enemy. Cortes
did not have enough men of his
own TO attempt conquest on a
grand scale With the aid of the
army of this conquered ruler, and
with promises of power and wealth,
he set forth for the Halls Of Mon
tezuma, the great Aztec ruler, at
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-28

account written by Bernal DiaZ del
Castillo. This man was a private
soldier with Cortes and remained in
Mexico as minor official after the
conquest AS an old man he wrote
full account Of the adventures and
battles.
These accounts, in Spanish nat
urally state that Montezuma was
stoned to death by his own people.
However, there Is another story of
the conquest written in Spanish at
about the same time. This was set
down by a Spanish priest, Father
Sahagun, and his Aztec pupil and
convert, Duran.
These men tell a somewhat diff
ferent tale. They say that there was
evidence that Montezuma was stabbed
to death by the Spaniards, after hav-
ing been stoned by his own people.
Once the Aztecs turned against
Montezuma, he was of no more use
to the Spaniards, and they disposed
Of him.
In addition to these accounts in
Spanish, old Aztec codices, books Of
strange picture writing, are available
One of these, the Codex Lienzo de
Tlaxcala, tells the story Of the battle
in the Halls of MonteZuma. This
codex has disappeared in the original,
but copies exist.
Another Is the Codex Florentino,
so called because II was taken TO
Florence These would seem TO sub
stantiate the tale that the Spaniards
killed the Aztec kin.
On July 7. 1920, t-ontezuma was
dead, and fernando Cortcs fought his
way back into what is now Mexico
City with small band of men, and
the conquest of Mexico by the white
man was assured
Cortes set out from Cuba in Nc
1918 with a small fleet and a "a
dred men. In March of the follow
he landed and founded Vera Cruz,
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-28

the city of Tenochtitlan, on the site where
now stands Mexico City.
1t has often been stated enormously that
the Indians regarded the white mon with
their cannon and horses, gods, and that
they were convinced that these gods could
not be killed
This was far from the truth
The Indians knew that the white men
were not gods but they were somewhat
mystified by them, just they were mysti-
fled when visited by the plague.
In fact, they regarded the white men as
a pestilence, rather than visitation Of gods.
And these Indians also knew full well that
the white man was vulnerable and could be
killed. However the white man had superior
weapons.
Montezuma heard strange tales Of the
coming Of the white men, long before Cortes
approached his halls. The Aztec king was
evidently something of an appeaser, and sent
presents to Cortes asking the Spaniards to
turn back. But Cortes pushed forward and
eventually arrived at Tenochtitlan.
The Spanard at first used his cunning in
winning over Montezuma Diplomacy for
time took the place of force. Both Monte
yuma and Cortes overrated each other.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-28

the Indians suddenly found their king
oncr, they would kill the very small fore
Spanish soldiers and himself.
Atop all this, Cortes was forced to re
TO Vera Cruz. A Spanish official in Cuba
become Jealous OF his success in Mexico,
had sent a force to punish him for his
obedience Cortes not only defeated this
but enlisted it in his own cause.
with the masterful and cunning
mind away from Tenochtitlan, the Aztecs
rebelled. and the remaining Spaniards
prevailed upon their guest" Monte
yuma, to ada Sss his people.
II will never be known whether
Montezuma was coward and tool of
these Spaniards, or whether he was
really interested in peace. \.. .UN-
It is history, however, that arrayed
in his robes of office, MonteZlma did
address the people from the roof of his
palace. The people turned on their
ruler and stoned him. The usual version
is that the people stoned their king to
death. and that is the story the Spaniards
have told. of course.
The Aztecs. however maintained
that after the stoning, which was simply
a harmless throwing, the Spaniards
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-28

The Aztec thought the Spaniard,
with his horses and cannon, almost
invincible, while the Spaniard, IN
his heart, feared the Aztec, since at
his best he had only very small
force at his disposal, and he did
not trust his allies.
Cortes was anxious to get pos
session of the person of Monte
yuma but feared to seize the king
outright He feared that if he took
the king prisoner the people would
i rise up. -.-------
1t was Cortes who enormously
thought that the Aztec people re-
garded Montezuma as a god.
Actually the Aztecs had a far
more democratic form of govern
ment than Cortes knew or could
appreciate.
However, the Aztec king was
very anxious 10 get rid of Cortes
and his band without any trouble.
While Montezuma and Cortes
were engaged in a battle Of wits
word came TO Cortes that an Aztec
leader at Vera Cruz had slain
some Of the white men left 10
guard the city. This act seemed
70 give courage TO the Indians and
they became very restless. Cortes
decided that he must secure the
person Of MonteZuma and this
seemed his opportunity.
The willy Spaniard, in his letters
to his sovereign, Charles V, eX-
planned in detail how he accom-
plished this.
Cortes told how he had pointed
out TO MonteZuma that it was only
iust-since some of the Indians
had killed Spaniards-that the Az
tee king should show his good faith
by coming TO the palace Of Cortes
as a guest. He explained 10 Mon
tezuma that he would not be
prisoner, that he might pick any
apartment or servants in the pal
ace of Cortes.
In order TO avoid humiliation
Cortes prevailed upon Montezuma
that he come quietly and secretly
Cortes was most fearful that, II
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-28

Eminent Authority or the Axtecs.
I/~ROM the Halls Of Montezuma to the
Shores of Tripoli"
So sing the United States Marines.
The ruins of the actual Halls Of Monte
yuma lie beneath the presidential palace in
the heart Of the modern City of Mexico, and
no archaeological study would be possible
without tearing down this important building.
The death Of the Aztec king. Montezuma,
is still a mystery after more than four CEN
turtles.
Most school books state that he was stoned
to death by his own people but have found
strong evidence that Montezuma was stabbed
TO death by the Spaniards.
have had at my disposal accounts writ
ten few years after the death of Montezuma
by various Spaniards as well codices made
at the time, those books of picture writings
made by the AZtecs themselves:
There is a strangely modern touch to the
death Of the Aztec king, something prophetic
for all those who deal with the enemy.
"Quislings" might be the word today.
Whether Montezuma was killed by the
Spaniards or his own people he stands in
history as a man who tried to carry water on
both shoulders and died as a result. The
"Quisling' always has been and always will
be held in contempt by the foe he seeks to
aid, well as by his own people.
Whoever killed Montezuma that Emperor
did not die defending his throne in battle.
There are the records written by Spaniards.
First, and probably most important, is the full
account written by fernando Cortes, the
conqueror himself
Then there is another interesting Spanish
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-28

realized that Montezuma no longer had any
control over his own people So as he was
useless 20 them. they stabbed him To death
and cast his body over the wall.
The body Of Montezuma was thrown over
the wall by the Spaniards, and faithful Aztecs
who secured the body so that II might be
burned az befitted great chief, maintained
that il had many stab wounds. Stab wounds
could only have been inflicted by the Spaniards.
II is true that when the people began
to stone Montezuma, his pride would permit
him neither TO retreat nor TO seek shelter, He
stood uniinchingly amid a hail Of stones and
even arrows II is also recorded that the
pride Of the ruler would not permit him to
allow surgeons TO attend his bruises
Sahagun and Duran state that while Mon
tezuma bruised by the stones. none OF
these wounds was fatal He was virile
man. and the stones were not sufficient TO
kill him. Their account was written less than
thirty years after the death OF the king, and
they may well have spoken 10 the Indians
who burned the body of the ruler. They state
that the body had many stab wounds as well
as bruises.
The Codex Florentno also shows stab
wounds upon the body Of Montezuma.
After the death OF Montezuma, fury broke
out in the city Of Tenochtitlan. Fortunately
for the white men, Cortes had returned TO
the city. Inc AZIeCS arose ana the position
Of the small band and it's allies was most
perious. Many of the Spaniards were be-
sieged in the very Halls Of Montezuma.
Cortes decided literally TO carve his way
out Of the city through the hordes Of Aztecs
during the night.
The carnage terrible, and the Spanish
losses in the narrow streets, with Aztecs
raining arrows upon them from the roofs
were great indeed
Cortes improvised tanks" sheds Of wood
under which his men fought as they moved
along. When they came to the canals OF the
CITY, it difficult TO get the tanks" and
horses across and the Aztecs crowded many
men and horses into the waters. Only very
small remnant of the once proud Spanish band
succeeded in reaching the safety Of the plains.
Then the destructive genius Of Cortes
serted itself. He rallied this small and badly
shaken handful Of men, and so inspired them
that they returned and utterly defeated the
Aztecs
The Spaniards later laid the Halls OF
Montezuma in ruins and upon these ruins
many years later the presidential palace was
built.
Puppet kings Of puppet states lead dan
gcrous lives. They are open
game for their people and
their manipulators. ~
We have word for ~ S&A<rs
Montezuma. now, Quisling. kI
Will history repeat itself? Hf6&3
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-28

From the Lienzo de Tlaxcala Codex. The
Spaniards Under Cortes Fighting Their
Way Out Of Mexico City-Another Epi-
sode In the Debacie Represented by the
Opposite Picture. This Codex Was Made
Not Long After the Actual Fall Of Monte
yuma I'm 1890; the Codex Itself Has Disap-
peared. However, Many Years Ago. While
1t Was Still Available. Copies Were
Made of 1t.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-28

Another Drawing From the Codex FIorentino show
ing an Aztec Carrying the Body Of Montezuma
Across the Lake In Boat While Spaniards On the
Wall Try TO Halt Him; According to Aztec Chroni-
cles, the Body Was Rescued and Carried Away for
Burning, Befitted Great Chief
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-28

The Fate Of the Ancient Mexican
Emperor q Lesson to Modern 5fh
coIumnists. Says DR.. voiIIon+-No+
Stoned to Death by His Own
People But Slain by the Sponiords
When He Was Of No Further
Use to Them
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-28

COrtes set out from Cuba in November,
1918, with small fleet and a few hun
dred men. In March of the following year
he landed and founded Vera Cruz, the City
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-28
By DIR. GEORGE C. VALIANT,

Director University Of Pennsylvania Museum,
Author of THE AZtecs of Mexico" and
Eminent Authority or the Aztees
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-28

fIF-ROM the Halls of Montezuma to the
Shores of Tripoli'-
Evening star., 1943-12-26
The Travellers Notebook
Holiday Travel Flood Begins in Small Towns;
Virginio Springs Aided Soldiers Of Four Wars;
New 420-MiIe Highway to Open in Colombia

larity as a recuperative spa for SOL
fdiers in the Revolutionary War.
In Greenbriar, Morgan, Webster
and Monroe Counties are many
smaller spas which were well known
health meccas for Americas four
wars.
Through Colombia's lands in
which live the customs brought to
South America by the ancient Bas-
ques and Andalusians from 18th
Century Spain, a new 420-mile high
way is slated to become a reality
sometime In January.
A few miles of construction now
being rushed to completion will
open the famous Gold Hunters
Trail of the early Spaniards.
Leaving Buenaventura, Pacific
seaport and the third largest city
in Colombia, the route lies along
the Dagua River to Cordoba and
enters the sky-towering Andes,
through deep-cut valleys of the
Western Cordillera. These Andes
ranges are veritable walls with tur-
reted peaks rising to a height of
over 10000 feet.
The island towns, built of ancient
Spanish architecture, exhibit peoples
and customs of their ancestry of
four centuries ago. From the old
world city of Modronal, the route is
through the Alta Calima Valley of
semi-tropical scenery.
Bogota, capital city of the interior,
resembles city of the middle ages
shown in vivid contrast with the en-
'croaching modernity. The city, built
on a lofty ridge of $500 feet, is an
important seat of learning, supple
menting the famous university of
Salamanca. Among the postwar
sights of tourist interest will be Lake
Guatayita, South Americas legend
ary fountain Of youth" The ruins
of San Augustine, known as the
gigantic forest OF statutes also will
become a novel tourist objective.
X X X X
The weeks most odd story comes
from Archie Hepburn, travel expert,
concerning his early days as an in
formation clerk. Answering phone
call he heard this question:
When can I get a train to Uno?"
Where are you going, madame, ]"
Mr.. Hepburn asked.
"Uno."
Il don't know. Tell me where
you are going"
"Uno," shrieked the angry voice.
why don't you have a man there
who knows something?"
They do, madame, but just now
he is out to supper"
Later Mr.. Hepburn checked the
time table and, to his surprise, found
Uno located on the c. N. R. line be-
tween Rivers, Manitoba and Mel
vile, Saskatchewan.
Evening star., 1943-12-26
Lost Russian Children
Being Returned 10 Parents

Russia is finding her lost children
and restoring them to their families.
In long-beleaguered Leningrad. be-
hind blackout curtains and within
sound of shellfre, a man in a blue
militia suit sits at a table going
through endless heaps of papers,
He is looking for the names of lost
children, and sooner or later will
find most of them.
They were separated by war from
fathers who went to the front and
then from mothers who were work.
ing in Leningrad war factories
which were hastily transported
eastward by plane as the Nazi in
vaders approached. After that the
children were evacuated in huge
numbers.
Families have been scattered from
the. Ukraine to Siberia. AS the
Nazis are rolled back thousands OF
other children are found and given
back to their parents,
Evening star., 1943-12-26
Special Study Urged
On Postwar HOUSING
In Alexandra Area

The Alexandria War Housing
Center Advisory Committee is con-
sidering suggestion that a special
group be appointed to study methods
OF postwar disposition of emergency
housing.
Glenn Robert, committee mem
ber, said special committee, COM
prising the City Council, the Alex
andria Housing Authority, the City
Planning Commission and the ad-
visory committee, should be formed
now to have a workable plan ready
to present to Federal authorities.
He added that he believed Federal
authorities favor the idea of COM
munities' formulating their own
plans for handling the postwar
housing problems.
Mr.. Richard said the special group
should determine whether emer-
gency housing projects should be
sold to private groups without pro-
lection against their becoming slum
areas. 1t also should determine
whether projects, constructed in
violation of local ordinances, should
be torn down at once or gradually.
Pointing out that the Federal Gov
ernment has huge. sums invested in
war housing projects, MIR. Richard
said it is unlikely that the Govern
ment will dispose of projects with
out realizing at least a part of the
money expended.
He suggested that local housing
authorities be made liuuidatine
agents, and that they make studies
at once of the best programs to be
followed.
John Hyde, National Housing
Agency programming director, told
the committee of the plans for the
permanent 130-unit housing project
for colored families, which will be
constructed soon in Alexandria.
He said the plans are going ahead
for the project, which will be built
by the Federal Government on city,
owned land, and will be managed
by the Alexandria Housing Author
ity. The Presidents signature is all
that is needed to complete the neces-
sary arrangements.
Hubert M. State, director of the
Alexandria office of the United
States Employment Service, and a
member of the committee, reported
that no further influx of workers is
expected.
Evening star., 1943-12-26
basis Of his business With the CO.

basis Of his business With the CO.
Operative.
Both small loan business rates
and new regulations for the small
loan companies have been studied
by a committee of the Advisory
Legislative. Council and will prob
ably come up for discussion.
A reduction in small loan interest
rates from AZ to "a per cent q year
effected at the 1912 session was criti-
cized by the Virginia Association OF
Small Loan Companies at a hearing
before the committee. The associa-
ton spokesmen declared the reduc-
ton was not having the intended ef-
feet Of benefiting the borrowers, and
that the number OF small borrowers
had been reduced because OF the