davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-01-05
Guffey Sees Victory
For Democrats in "a
Despite COP Gains
PennsyIvonion Declares
Opposition Claims AIwoy:
Are Ahead Of Voting

Prediction OF Democratic vic
tory in the presidential campaign of
1914 was made today by Senator
Guffey, Democrat, of Pennsylvania
on the eve of the assembling of the
Seventy eighth Congress. in which
the Republicans made big gains in
last November's elections.
Referring to Republican claims of
coming victory two years hence,
Senator Guffey said
Our Republican friends win every
election year ahead of the voting
and explain why they lost in the
following November They gained
quite a number of congressional
seats in 1888 and hailed their gains
AS prefacing an all-out victory in
1910. Now they are at it again and
could really save time and paper by
just reprinting their 1888 dreams
instead of paraphrasing them"
Senator Guffey, chairman of the
Democratic Senatorial Campaign
Committee, does not regard the loss
of eight Democratic senatorial seats
in the last elections as presaging
further defeats in 1914.
L predict that in 1914 the Amer
lean people will come to a full re-
alizatlon of what happened in the
last Republican administrations
bank failures, farm foreclosures
bread lines and unemployment
and will know by comparison what
greater benefits they have had under
the present order of things
Senator Guffey asked on which
OF the last three Republican ad-
ministrations the COP leaders will
model new administration, if and
when they come into power. "the
Harding administration with its
Ohio gang, or the do-nothing Cool
idge administration, or the Hoover
regime that dumped the country
into the worst industrial plight in
its history?'
Having denounced the Republi-
cans, Senator Guffey asserted that
"a complete unity of the American
people to avenge the treachery of
Pearl Harbor and the Nazi menace
to civilization will bring full accord
to the Roosevelt administration"
Evening star., 1943-01-05
Production
Continued From First Page }

but somehow the idea got around
that we were seeking to take over
a civilian function, that we we're
trying to prevent Mr.. Nelson from
taking back some power that he
had given us.
True, back in March he had writ
ten us letter telling us to 70 on
doing what we were already doing
IN the matter. But that wasn't Civ
ing us a new power we'd never had
before. Why, since the Revolution
ary War the Army has handled its
own procurement, its own produc-
ton scheduling"
Sometimes, because of changing
developments in the field, he said it
is necessary to make changes in the
equipment.
Exercising direct control over the
contractor" he explained, I'VE can
make those changes right in the as
sembly lines, and do. If some other
agency were handling the produc-
ton end, we'd have to 60 to them
and argue them into ordering
changes
Evening star., 1943-01-05

pointed out. because of the housing
shortage and difficulties in procur-
ing fire escapes, but they were moved
to action because of fear of fur
ther disasters in an already over
crowded city.
simultaneously Col Joseph D.
Arthur. jr., assistant engineer COM
missioner, made public a report on
the recent fatal fire in the 1900
block of Euclid street NV. High
lights of the finding we're:
Spread of the fire in the old con-
Verted residence was contributed to
by the use of paper wallboard,
temporary partitions, the installation
of which was not covered by permit
issued by the District government. ="
Investigation of records showed no
application filed with the District
for certificate of occupany as re-
quired by the zoning regulations.
Fire inspectors found the ROOM
ing house mot equipped in accord
ance with the Fire Escape Act"
The problem of procuring fire
safety equipment complicated, au-
thorities point out, by reported
difficulting in getting War Pro-
duction Board priorities for equip
ment and material required under
District law for licensed ROOM
ing houses. One city official took
the stand that as many people
are hampered by priorities as they
are by high costs of materials.
Many people maintain they will
not make the initial investment if
they will not be repaid through re-
ceipts of roomers, he said. They
Just don't care to open their homes
on that basis
Meanwhile, WPB maintained that
operators of rooming houses who
showed a need for fire escapes would
be granted priority ratings suffi-
Evening star., 1943-01-05

clently high to procure them. Two
OF the city's largest manufacturers
of escapes say they have been un-
able to get the steel.
An official of one concern claimed
he had been waiting two months on
priority request for steel to build
a fire escape on building being
used by United Nations delega-
ton here. He said his company
| 'shies away" from fire escape orders
because of priority difficulties and
because they are busy with Gov
ernment contracts.
Using Reserve Stocks.
The owner of a second iron works
| reported he was now using his re-
serve stock to fill fire escape orders.
with no assurances of getting more
steel. Ninety per cent of these
roders, he said come from people
planning to convert their homes to
rooming houses.
A WPB spokesman pointed out.
/ however, that there has never been
any blanket limitation on the manu-
facture Of fire escapes. War Pro-
duction Boards policy is to grant
a priority when there is a real need
for it. he said. Each application
is considered individually. If it is
found that the home has a large
number Of roomers and inadequate
fire precautions, then we grant
priority"
Home owners desiring fire
escape should apply directly to WPB
for a priority rating. stating the
! reasons for its need, he explained.
When the rating has been approved,
the application should be sent with
the order to the manufacturer.
The latter will then fill the order
from steel on hand, he continued
If the manufacturer does not have
the steel on hand, he should make
application for it through WPB
Both applicants will receive the best
possible priority rating, if it has been
shown the fire escape is required,
he said
Most Requests Approved.
WPB held the majority of requests
for priorities from District home
owners in recent months had been
approved.
From Porter M. Lumpkins, chief
clerk of the District Engineer De-
partment, came disclosure that the
District had not asked for steel pri-
critics for fire escapes since March
10. 1912. On that date a request
for steel and other materials was
turned down on the grounds of a
steel shortage. Mr. Lumpkins said
that since that time he had not
received any requests from house
holders or iron works here for as
sistance in getting priorities.
Corporation Counsel Richmond B.
keech took the matter up and
ruled that the District had no right
to waive any of its ordinances de-
spite the inability to get steel. He
reported that he wrote WPB asking
for a clariflcation on the situation
and later received a reply. He said
he wrote again for further informa-
ton. but has not yet received a
second reply.
District law requires that any
house three or more stories high
in which 10 or more persons are
accommodated above the first floor
must be equipped with an outside
fire escape. There is one exception,
that in the case of house with
regulation fireproofed stairways and
self-closing fireproof doors.
Evening star., 1943-01-05
Group Asks Additions
To Recreation Board

The District Federation of Civic
Associations adopted tWo-point
report calling for the addition of
two colored members on the Board
of Recreation and the immediate
filling of a vacancy which has eX-
listed among its members for a year,
during a meeting last night in the
Garnet-Patterson Junior High
School.
The report Of the Recreation Com
mittee declared the reclasSification
plan would reduce the colored men,
bership on the board, reduce their
equality anG give them no parallel
to the white system.
In eulogizing the late DR.. George
H. Richardson, first president of the
civic group, a resolution adopted by
the Federation of Citizens Associa-
tions was read, as was letter from
its president, Harry S. Wender.
Among the speakers were Charles
F. A. Longs, an associate of DR..
Richardson in civic affairs, DR..
Garnet c. Wllkenson, first assistant
superintendent of schools; James
G. Yaden and Harry N. Stull.
DR.. E. F. Harris, who presided,
appointed the following committee
chairmen:
DR.. c. Herbert Marshall, civic pro-
lection; William A. Powell, civil
service; Mrs. Dorothy I. Miller,
coalition; T. c. r. Bragg, CONNER
cial interests; w. R. Giles, creden-
tials; the Rev. Millard F. Newman
education: r. r. Atkinson, housing,
H. l. Brown, legislation; Hugh Brad
ford, membership and organization,
and DR.. w. j. Howard, public health.
Also Charles M. Gordon, publicity;
DR.. w. T. Grady, public safety; Vir-
gil C. Heathcock, public utilities;
B. c, Chapman, public works; w.
L. Tancil, recreation; Mrs. Cora
Washington, social welfare; w. F.
Henson, suffrage, and Simeon l..
Cunningham, special civic award.
Evening star., 1943-01-05
NFFE Charges Personnel Excess
! Threatens Civil Service System
Steward Editorial Sees Administrative
neptitude' Endongerng Career Gains

Bluntly charging that there are
too many Federal employees" the Ma
tional Federation of Federal EN-
ployes, veteran independent union,
today declared that the whole basic
structure of the Federal civil service
system" faces disaster unless per-
sonnel policies are revamped
The federation took its stand edi-
torially in its monthly organ, the
Federal Employe Magazine, explain
ing at the outset that it traditionally
had steered clear of the field of
policy but present condi-
tionS of personnel administration in
many branches" of the Federal serv-
ice ARE such that we cannot patri-
otically remain silent any longer"
Our continuing interest now, as
always" the federation said, 'is in
the welfare of civilian Federal en-
ployes, not the transients who strut
briefly across the stage in high posi-
ton, not the ill-equipped or SUBJ
standard who are projected onto the
rolls in time Of manpoWer shortage,
but those Federal employees who look
upon the Federal service as a career
and who. in season and out and fire.
quently under the most discouraging
conditions, continue to give efficient
service.
New Officials Blamed.
There are certain conditions in
the Federal service today which
cannot be ignored Too many re-
Gently arrived officials. who WELD
extensive authority, mistake opin-
donated ignorance for administra-
tive acumen in dealing with the
most vital of personnel problems.
They are prone to substitute long
windedness for lucidity.
They appear to regard publicity
as an end in itself and not means
Endlessly they speak OF 'streamlin-
ing something. overlooking in their
search for a new smart phrase, that
simplicity and commonsense are the
best descriptive terms which can be
applied to a properly managed pub
lie service.
THE National Federation of Fed
tI al LlIlplOyCS uCCldl CS ulleQulNOCdl-
ly that there are too many Federal
employees. There can be no blinking
at that fact
But this is not the fault of the
employees themselves. 1t is unmis-
takably the fault of those who have
the power but not the experience,
nor necessarily the capacity. for
planning and administering govern
mental enterprises. They adopt the
easy and invariable way of the un-
trained and untitled, by ordering
large numbers of employees, excessive
amounts of floor space and equip
ment
Public Resentment Seen.
This makes an imposing show
and for multiplied confusion.
Public resentment is rising stead
lily against administrative ineptitude
in certain branches of the Federal
establishment. Unless it is checked
by prompt and effective remedial
action. this resentment will become
a tidal wave. Such a cres-
cendo of public feeling would, in all
Evening star., 1943-01-05
Army Medical Supplies
Burn in Box Car

Alexander police reported that 2
box car loaded with Army medical
SUPPLIES caught fire last night in the
Potomac Yards.
A portion of the supplies was
saved. Two Alexandria fire com
panies extinguished the blaze.
Fire Inspector Thomas Cockrel
attributed the fire to a hot box, il
was reported.
Evening star., 1943-01-05
Princesses Receive Gift
From Mrs. Roosevelt

By the Associated Press.
LONDON, Jan. 5.-Princess Eliz-
abeth and Princess Margaret Rose
each have received a typically-
American gift from an American
admirer:
Two jars of this winters maple
sugar.
The package came from Mrs.
Eleanor Roosevelt. ~
Evening star., 1943-01-05
Earthquake in India

LONDON, Jan. 5 LP.-A Reuters
dispatch from Bombay said a sharp
earth shock had been felt at Shil-
long in the Indian Province of
Assam at 7:05 am. today. No dam
age was reported. Assam is in
Northeast India, adjoining Burma.
Evening star., 1943-01-05
Africa

Continued From First PAGE.
Evening star., 1943-01-05
Rooming Houses

Continued From First PageD
Evening star., 1943-12-11
Samuel Grafton

that the former have been made, while
the latter are left to be made. Also,
the Moscow Declarations. Of only few
weeks ago, stated. with considerable
candor, that number of questions had
future; the Teheran statement does not
pretend that they have all been solved
now.
venture the guess that the same
unhappy fringe of comment which has
been attacking the three conferees for
daring to presume to settle the political
future of the world 'by power politics"
will now also attack them for having
left 1t unsettled. When they get it,
they consider it much too much: when
Mr.. Roosevelt will not mind.
1 know the Roosevelt method sufi-
ciently we'll to suggest that he will
wait until there is sufficient public
clarity. and heat, and pressure. on
behalf Of. say, a sensible Polish Russian
border settlement. before he subscribes
to one. He is not Wilson, selling an
idea to his country. he prefers to let
his country be the Wilson, and to let
it sell him the idea. He does not see
why he should worry alone; he lets
us all have a share of it. But he has
not let this uncertainty hold back the
conduct of military operations
That is the achievement of Teheran.
I doubt if Adolf Hitler will complain
that the meeting was unproductive
Evening star., 1943-12-11
Constantine BrO1Vn

plant the Cairo government, still off,
cially recognized by all the United Ma.
tions, including Russia. The spokes-
men Of the Partisans In London went
on record last Tuesday as saying the
government he represents eventually
would replace the government in-exile
as the legal regime Of Yugoslavia.
Until last month the United States,
coup d'etat in Belgrade in April, ls41,
bringing Yugoslavia into the war
against the Axis, refused to recognize
any other organization but that which
was loyal to King Peter. The State
Department realized the movement Of
the Partisans was directed as much
against the ofncial government of tho
country as it was against the Nazis.
The American Government, aware Of
the grave political implications which
lay behind the Partisan movement and
determined not to break its pledges to
the Yugoslav government-in-exil re-
NAMED aloof. So did the British gov
ernment, although after the Moscow
Conference 1t began to show signs OF
shifting its friendship from King Peter
to Marshal Broz.
6OIn LONDON ana washington know
1t would be impossible to bring Marshal
Broz and Gen. Mihailovich together.
Washington's decision to give semi
recognition to the Partisans by includ-
ing them in the list of those aided by
lease-lend, together with the some-
what stronger official announcements
from London, is considered in many
diplomatic quarters here as being. not
the outcome Of military necessity, but
the result of definite policy determined
at the Moscow Conference and further
confirmed at Teheran.
Evening star., 1943-12-11

statement, in precise proportion to his
previous lack Of interest in the second
front. To those who regarded the con-
dition- of Bulgaria question as more i'm
portant than the opening of second
front, the Teheran declaration will be
a bitter letdown. To those who have
looked upon the second front as the key
issue OF the war, the Teheran statement
is such as to rouse vast and almost in
tolerable excitement
The three conferees at Teheran ap-
preciated tas the American and British
public have never properly appreciated)
the Importance of the second front
issue. as the chief block between the
West and Russia. The Russians have
even made special separate issue
cry which has not been raised in Amer
lea or Britain. The Russians have
stood not only for victory, they have
stood for a definite sort of victory. for
a quick victory, to be obtained by joint,
massive east-and-west operations. The
three conferees, having reached agree
ment on this basic question, will,
think, be genuinely startled to find
themselves accused of having disap-
pointed the public.
They have settled just about the
biggest question in the world.
The Teheran statement speaks Of
military decisions in the past tense, and
of political decisions in the future tense.
It is from this circumstance that
draw the not very difficult deduction
Evening star., 1943-12-11
Figures Can Be Wrong
Maj. George Fielding Eliot

first time at $4,000 men, Divisions. of
course, are Of various types. The exact
strength OF the various types in various
armies Is military secret Tables of
organization are no longer published
by any army for general circulation.
Some types of divisions are stronger
than others, some have more than
$4,000 men, others considerably less.
But take the average Of $4,000 and
you won't be too far wrong That,
of course, includes not only combat
elements dnfantry. artillery. engineers,
armored troops) but also the trains,
medical units communications troops.
military police ordnance repair units
and so on; all the men that are needed
to make the division function as a
fighting and administrative team.
But here is the catch. Divisions are,
IN turn. grouped into corps. A corps
consists of two or more divisions Cnor-
mally three) and the corps troops which
are directly under the corps commander
and do not belong to any division. but
may be assigned temporarily, if needed,
to whatever division may need them
for particular job. These corps troops
include antiaircraft and medium artil-
lery, special types Of engineer and sig
nal units, the corps trains and various
other specialist outfits. The organiza-
ton of the United States Army has
changed a good deal since the last time
that tables of organization were made
public; but in 1899 normal corps, at
war strength. had three divisions of
about $4,000 men each and about 81 900
corps troops: reinforced corps, that is,
a corps with additional elements at
tached to 1t from the Army or CHG
reserve, might rise to total of 100000
men.
Corps, in turn, are grouped into
armies, such as the 5th Army now fight
ing In Italy. Each army has two or
more corps; 1t also has what are called
army troops" and q rough rule Of
thumb Is that there will be about 5000
army troops per division. though many
Of those viii be temporarily assigned
Evening star., 1943-12-11
The Political Mill

fairs Of American life, must be settled.
Indeed, in the opinion of Mr.. Taft,
this country will have to decide whether
1T is, to remain a country of free enter
prise, under the Constitution and the
Bill OF Rights, or whether 1t is going
toward totalitarianism.
A great deal of publicity has been
given to the question Of future Amer
Republican National Committee, the
Republican Postwar Advisory Council
and the Republican members OF Con-
gress all have had something to say
on this subject All have turned their
backs on the old policy of isolationism
and have gone to the front for some
kind Of international organization to
maintain peace in the world.
The Democratic position on this ques-
ton has been developed through action
in the House on the Fulbright resolu-
ton and in the Senate on the Connally
resolution, and through the action Of
the Moscow Conference.
The resolution adopted by the Re-
publican Postwar Advisory Council does
not differ materially from the resolu-
tions adopted in the House and Senate,
supported by the Democratic majority
as we'll as by the Republican minority.
Some Of the main provisions Of the
Moscow agreements were written into
the Connally resolution. What pro-
nouncement the Democrats will write
into their 1914 platform is not known
exactly. Their platform will be drawn
after that Of the Republicans. The
chances are the two will not differ
Notwithstanding the recent
recommendation of former Gov. ALI
Landon of Kansas that the Republicans
avoid drafting the same foreign rela-
tions platform as that of the Demo-
cratic party.
To talk Of unity of the Democrats
and Republicans on domestic issues is
lot OF tripe. Every one knows that
the New Deal Democrats and the Re-
publicans are as far apart as the poles
Evening star., 1943-12-11
New Draft Law

The announcement that the Presi-
dent has approved the so-called
father draft bill puts an end to a
controversy that has consumed a
great deal of time and caused vast
amount of confusion.
In the form in which it has finally
become law this measure provides
reasonable safeguards against pre-
mature induction of fathers without
seriously interfering with the or
derly and necessary flow of men into
the armed services. On this point.
it is a compromise. but a rather good
one.
The measure requires reviews OF
Army, Navy and Marine physical
standards, the thought being that 1t
may be feasible to obtain a larger
proportion Of the military manpower
needs from among the AIS. 1t also
requires a review of occupational
deferments by draft appeal boards
In the areas of employment instead
of the place of residence. This
should help to Gull out those who
may have been improperly deferred,
and, perhaps more Importantly, 1t
should tend to eradicate the stigma
which some people attach to occu-
pational deferments. The new law
also wipes out what remains of the
Inflated work or-flght" policy.
The net result of all this, however,
is not apt to have much effect on
the induction Of "pre-Pearl Harbor"
fathers. 1t may enable them to re-
main little longer with their fami-
lies. but the needs of the armed
forces have to be met, and In the
main they will have to be filled by
calling on the fathers.
One feature OF the law-that re-
moving Selective Service from the
supervisory control of the War Man
power Commission--will have to be
tested In practice. For the past
year, by executive order, the author
ity and responsibility for mobiliza-
ton OF manpower for both civilian
and military needs have been vested
In Paul McNutt. head of VINO. This
law abolishes that setup by taking
Selective Service away from Mr.
McNutt. and the latter had asked
the President to veto the measure
on the ground that it would seriously
weaken the over all manpower pro-
gram.
The President. however, appears
to have felt otherwise. Under the
new arrangement 1t will be neces-
sary to achieve a close coordination
of the work of Selective Service with
that of the Manpower Commission,
or we will be in for trouble. But if
all parties concerned are willing to
cooperate it would seem quite pos
sible to secure the necessary CO.
ordination of programs.