davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-07-10
3 Factors Brighten
Soap Supply Outlook;
Fats, Oils Easier
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press,
Officials of the War Food Ad-
ministration said today that recent
developments affecting the supply
and production of fats and vege-
table oils, had frightened the Ma
tions soap supply outlook.
Those developments included ID
a revision in soap formulas which
will make fats and oils allocated
for soap manufacture go farther
without reducing the quality of the
product i2l small increase in I'M
ports of vegetable oils and ~ pros
poets of a heavy fall run of beef
cattle and consequently of an in
creased supply of tallow, an I'M
portant soap ingredient.
For months soap production has
been limited to "a per cent of civilian
distribution in the 1940-4l period.
There is nothing in the supply pic
ture as seen now, officials said. to
indicate any reduction from this
level of manufacture. AS long as
the situation remains as 1t Is there
should be no need for rationing
officials said, unless consumers them
selves buy beyond their current re-
quirements
Some increase in imports of COCO
nut. copra and babassu oil from
South America ana from South Pa
cific islands under United Nations
control. were said to have been
made possible by an improvement
in the shipping situation. Further
increases were said to be in prospect.
Evening star., 1943-07-10
Intense Bombing Of Rendovo
After U. S. Landing Described

foxholes as We had with water but
this was quickly emptied by dis
placement of human bodies.
The antipersonnel bombs scattered
fragments over hundreds of yards
and raked our bivouac area.
The planes came in from Barieta
Such antiaircraft guns as we had
fired until they were outranged by
the raiders and managed to knock
down two bombers.
The raiders were more daring in
their tactics than any / have ever
seen. They came over so low they
were endangered by the upblast of
their own bombs.
l have experienced bombings in
London, Finland, Norway. Coventry,
Dover and Guadalcanal-some in
which hundreds of planes attacked
This was the most concentrated of
any.
Luckily, the attack was as brief
as it was intense,
Correspondents joined in aiding
the wounded, carrying litters and
acting as message carriers. Bombs
had completely demolished the field
kitchen, but another was soon set
up and coffee was prepared as a
soother for unstrung nerves.
The general commanding the Rem
dova force whose name Is withheld
for security reasons inspired his
tr< I~.y !, to-
the evacuation of the wounded he
stood before his men tonight and re-
iterated the confident assertion
we have a mission to carry out
and we will continue"
Evening star., 1943-07-10
S Plead Not Guilty
To Fraud in Erection
OF Ordnance Plant
BY the Associated Press.


INDIANAPOLIS. July 10.-Five
of six persons indicted two weeks
ago on charges of conspiracy to
defraud the Government in con-
Struction of the HooSier ord
nance plant near Charlestown,
Ind, pleaded innocent today be-
fore Federal Judge Robert c..
BaltZell.
The sixth defendant. 1t. Col.
Wayne 0. Hauck, stationed in
Washington. assistant constructing
quartermaster of the project, was
delayed in reaching Indianapolis
and Judge Baltzell adjourned court
TO await his arrival Counsel said
the train bringing him from CO.
lumbus, Ohio. was late.
The other defendants are Charles
N. Sam, Hikes of Pittsburgh. Pa,
civilian War Department employe
Ashby Corum, Arthur Corum and
Kyle Corum. all of jacksonville
KY. and associated in general con-
tracing firm. and Roy L. Gorrell,
Russellville. KY. contractor.
The alleged conspiracy involved
rental of trucks, tractors. motor
cranes and other equipment used in
building the plant. powder-loading
establishment. The indictments
ailege overcharges of $3.50 900.
Evening star., 1943-07-10
Max Stephan Arrives
AT Atlanta Penitentiary

BY the Associated Press.
Max Stephan. Detroit restaurant
operator, whose death sentence for
treason was commuted to life i'm
prisonment. has arrived at Atlanta
Federal Penitentiary for claSsifica-
ton. Director of Federal Prisons
James v. Bennett sale last night.
prisoners are classified after
a period of observation. the re-
suit of that procedure determin-
ing in what institution they will
be conflnedJ
Stephan's sentence was commuted
by President Roosevelt on July !.
few hours before he was to be
hanged He was convicted for aid
ing German prisoner of war who
escaped from Canadian camp.
The President commuted the death
sentence because he believed that
the sentence imposed by the court
was too severe. in that it did not
sufficiently take into account the
statute which provides for the con-
sideration of different qualities OF
treason"
Evening star., 1943-07-10
Joe Louis Scheduled
To Make World Tour
.0fU. 5. Army Posts
Earlier story on Page B-4.)

NNAy wa Nhs ~ A't
BY the Associated Press.
Sergt Joe Louis, the heavyweight
champion. will make. a round-the he-
world tour of Army posts. giving
boxing exhibitions and lessons in
physical conditioning.
Accompanied by Truman Gibson
special adviser on Negro matters
to the Secreary of War, Sergt. Louis
made this announcement today at
an informal press conference at the
War Department. where he had
come to discuss plans for the trip
with high officials.
Details of the tour. including the
date for its start and the exact
itinerary remain to be worked out
The champion hopes to take his
old sparring partner. First Sergt
George Nichols, on the tour. Sergt
Nichols is now stationed at Mitchell
Field Louis said others in the
group, he hopes. will be Pvt. Ray
Robinson and Staff Sergt. Jackie
Wilson, both of whom have fought
at Madison Square Garden.
Just returned from Hollywood
where he was in the cast of the all
Army show, This Is the Army
Louis is on furlough until August 8,
when he will report back to Fort
Riley, Kans.
He said he will leave Washington
soon for his home in Detroit and ex-
poets to play in a golf tournament
in Chicago, beginning July 10.
Evening star., 1943-07-10
5 Army Flyers Killed
In Tennessee Crash
BY The Associated Press.

BY The Associated Press
SMYRNA. Tenn, July l0-Five
airmen were killed early today when
a B-24 Army bomber on training
flight crashed and exploded about
8 miles from the Smyrna Army Air
Base. public relations announced.
Public Relations Officer Capt. H.
H. Sweetser, who said the next of
kin had been notified, identified
the crewmen as:
Capt. Donald H. Riggs. 80. flying
instructor. Glendale, Calf. His wife
lievs at Murfreesboro, Tenn.
Second 1t. Carroll G.. Gettings
25. student pilot. Danvers. Mass
His wife also lives at Murfreesboro
Tenn.
Second 1t William H. Darlington
%. student pilot. Raleigh. N. c.;
wife lives at Murfreesboro. Tenn
Corpl. Edward c. Koszuta, 40
flight engineer. Buffalo, NJ Y.
Pfc. John D. Lynch, %. student
engineer. Cambridge. Mass.
Evening star., 1943-07-10
2 Nuzi MurshuIs Seen Aidino
Gen. Guzzoni in Sicily Defense
BY the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press
LONDON. July 10-An Italian
general in Sicily apparently leads
the defense of that island against
the Allied invasion, military sources
said today with two German field
marshals possibly sharing in the
general command from the MAIN
land of Italy
italian forces in Sicily are COM
manded by Gen Alfredo Guzzoni.
"a. who led Italian troops in the
Albanian campaign of 1889
He was appointed Undersecretary
of the War Ministry and vice chief
of army staff in November. 1910.
when Mussolini shook up his govern
ment in an effort to cover the hui
initiation of italian reverses in the
war with Greece He resigned both
appointments six months later.
Formerly Vice Governor of Eritrea,
Gen. Guzzoni is leputed to be an
able officer and one Of the strictest
of disciplinarians.
The two German officers men,
toned most often ir connection with
Italy's defenses are Field Marshal
Gen. Albert Kesselring and Field
Evening star., 1943-07-10

Marshal Baron Won Richthofen.
Only four days ago both were re-
ported by the German radio to have
been sent to Southern Italy to cope
with the increasingly violent Allied
air attacks.
Soviet reports last November said
Marshal Kesselring had been dis
missed as air chief in the Medi-
terranean for failure to foresee the
Allied invasion of North Africa He
was first put in command of the
German air force in Sicily in March,
1912.
With Marshal Won Richthofen, he
directed German aerial operations
during the Battle of Britain and
earlier played an important role in
the Polish and French campaigns,
Marshal Won Richthofen was sent
to Russia in 1941.
Field Marshal Erwin Rommel has
been reported in command of Ger
man troops in Southern France,
but there is nothing to indicate that
he again Is matching wits in the
Sicilian campaign with Allied forces
which brought disaster on his armies
In Tunisia.
Evening star., 1943-07-10
Premonition Warns u. S. FLYER
Who Didn't Return From Raid

Naziland-still under control at ap-
proximately $4,000 feet altitude.
Down with him went these men,
bers of his crew:
Second 1t. Jack N Schmitt, %.
Detroit. Mich, co-pilot.
Second 1t. Harold w. Aebischer,
%. Chicago. navigator.
Second 1t. Thornton H. Baker,
New Castle. Ind. bombardier.
Sergt. Fred Follower, Brooklyn.
N. Y, top turret gunner.
Norbert H. Meyer. 81, Concordia,
Mo, left waist gunner.
Gerald D. Metthe, 20, New Bed
ford. Mass, radio operator gunner.
Joseph P. Noonan, 20, Galveston,
Tex. ball turret gunner.
Norman J. Schoolcraft. %. Yak
ina, Wash, a former jockey, tail
gunner.
Frederick B. Hartt, 20, Pontiac,
Mich, right waist gunner.
Saw Plane Fall.
Sergt. E. Van Valkenburg of
Syracuse, N. Y, left waist gunner
aboard another Fortress, said he
watched Simones' damaged plane go
down.
1T happened just before We
started our bomb run" Sergt. VAL
kenburg recalled. Il saw 1t. Sim
ones peel off from our formation at
about a 45-degree angle. Immedi-
ately four fighters jumped him.
Their 2O-millimeter cannon shells
were bursting all around the bomb
ers tail in big flashes OF fire.
Then Lit. Simones disappeared IN
a big cloud bank-there was lot of
overcast that day-and then / saw
him come out of the clouds. The
fighters were still after him.
But now they were attacking
from three directions ana raking
the bomber with cannon and ma
chinegun fire But the plane Still was
under control.
I'VE were pretty busy about that
time fighting of the Jerries," Sergt.
Vaikenburg continued. The last
time I saw 1t. Simones he was
down to about $4,000 feet ana rylng
a level course"
Evening star., 1943-07-10
Dorden Asks Vireinions
To Boost Fat SoIvuqe
v the Associated Pre-.

By the Associated Press
RICHMOND, July -Virginians
were called on today by Gov. Darden
to give additional support to the
Federal Government fat salvage
campaign.
The chief executive said Virginia
has Jagged in collecting fats and has
failed to approach the States quota
Of l81, 500 pounds month. The best
month so far. he recalled, netted
only 1900 pounds.
Evening star., 1943-07-10
By LEO BRANHAM,


AT A FLYING FORTRES S S
BOMBER STATION, Somewhere in
England, June % by MaiD Sip
ping beer and shooting the bull a
group of flyers lounged about their
officers club. They were ION alert" >"
Next morning-June 25-thev were
scheduled to bomb targets in North
western Germany.
Their talk drifted around to a
certain classification of the stations
ground officers who sometimes ride
the bombers as observers.
Say, If you ever go on a raid. fly
with me. You know, I'm lucky
guy" exclaimed First 1t. T. j.
Simones, %. of La Crosse, Wis, a
fortress pilot who with his crew,
had emerged unscathed from sew
eral tough raids, including one in
which his plane was badly shot up.
Asks TO Write Mother.
His invitation was addressed to
Capt. John C. Lane of Detroit,
Mich.
AS an afterthought. 1t. Simones.
knocking on wood added soberly:
But then. maybe I won't be so
lucky some time"
The conversation Jagged. Finally,
1t. Simones broke the silence.
Looks like a tough one tomorrow.
doesn't 1t fellows?"
I'm afraid so," replied Capt.
Lane.
1t. Simones grew more thoughtful.
He stared into space. Then -.
Say, captain" he said quietly, IF
don't come back tomorrow, will you
write to my mother?"
Sure will, boy" promised Capt
Lane.
Was that premonition?
There's letter in the mails for
1t. Simone's mother. It's from Capt
Lane
Down Over Maitland.
Her sons crippled Fortress-with
a pack of Fccke-Wulf and Messer-
schmitt German fighters in hot pur-
suit-was last seen going down
somewhere over cloud-covered
Evening star., 1943-07-10

years large contingents have been
guarding Britain.
1t has long been expected they
would spearhead any invasion as
they did the attack on Dieppe.
1n Ottawa, Prime Minister
Mackenzie King declared "all
Canada will be justifiably proud
to know that units OF the Cana
dian Army are part of the
Allied force engaged in this at
tack
In addition to their North African
bases. the Allied attacking forces
had two major strongholds in the
Mediterranean from which to spring
against Sicily-Pantelleria, which is
about 60 miles southwest on the
direct route across the 90-mile- wide
Sicilian strait from Tunisia, and the
impregnable British naval strong
hold Of Malta. even closer due south
Of the eastern end of the island.
The invasion came two months
after Allied forces had crushed the
resistance OF a quarter of million
Axis troops in Tunisia. Since then
Axis broadcasts have talked nerv-
ously Of transports. warships and
supply vessels moving in a steady
stream eastward past Gibraltar.
In weeks OF feverish preparation
for defense. the Axis had strung
rings of minefields around the
island, installed strong coastal bat
teries, and submarines constantly
lurked in its waters.
Another hazard confronting Gen
Eisenhower amphibious offensive
was the nearness Of enemy bomber
bases on the mainland Many of
these, however, like the many air.
fields ON Sicily itself. have been
pounded steadily in recent weeks.
Sicily. densely populated with A.
100000 persons in peacetime. was
denuded of many of its residents
as the invasion became more i'm
minent. Axis reports saying they
had been evacuated to the main
land.
Evening star., 1943-07-10
By ]. NORMAN LODGE,

Associated Press war correspondent.
WITH AMERICAN OCCUPATION
FORCES ON RENDOVA ISLAND,
July 2 Delayed A terrific. con-
centrated air raid by 26 Mitsui
bombers caught invading American
troops shortly after noon today, but
they quickly rallied to their leaders
command: I'VE have a mission to
carry out and we will continue"
After the long parallel line of
bombers had passed over, the newly
occupied Rendova position was raked
by fire from escorting Japanese Zero
fighters.
1t was the largest-scale opposition
the invading troops had met.
The first bombs came from the
sky shortly after the cry OF "Condi-
ton red!" had come from a hilltop
lookout.
So concentrated was the bombing
that the detonations sounded like a
million elephants amuck in the cane
brake.
The sky directly overhead was
literally blackened by the wide
winged, twin-engined flying devils
Of death.
Two days of rain had filled such
Evening star., 1943-07-10
Roosevelt Tells Pope
Allies Will Spare
All PapaI Domain

President Roosevelt today sent
a communication to Pope Plus
XII declaring that the invasion
of Sicily is a prelude to ridding
Italy of Naziism and Fascism
and pledging that in the forth
coming struggle every effort will
be made to spare churches and
religious institutions from "the
devastations of war" THE neu-
trality of Vatican City and other
Papal domains will be re-
spected," the President added.
The text of the communication
follows: --
by the time this message reaches
your Holiness, landing in force
by American and British troops will
have taken place on Italian soil.
Our soldiers have come to rid Italy
of Fascism and all its unhappy SYM
bols and to drive out all the Nazi
oppressors who are infesting her
soil.
There is no need for me to re-
affirm that respect for religious be-
liefs and for the free exercise of
religious worship is fundamental to
our ideas. Churches and religious
institutions will to the extent that
it is our power be spared the
devastations of war during the
struggle ahead. Throughout the
period of operations. the neutral
status of Vatican City as well as
of the papal domains throughout
Italy will be respected.
"I look forward as does your
Holiness, to that bright day when
the peace of God returns to the
world. We are convinced that this
will occur only when the forces OF
evil which now hold vast areas of
Europe and Asia enSlaved have been
utterly destroyed. On that day We
will joyfully turn our energies from
the grim duties of war to the fruit
full tasks of reconstruction. In COM
mon with all other nations and
forces, imbued with the spirit OF
good will toward men, and with the
help of Almighty God, we will turn
our hearts and our minds, to the
exacting tasks of building an endur-
ipp peare on earth
Evening star., 1943-07-10
Hetzel
Continued From First Page

dation would be forwarded to the
Civil Service Commission immedi-
ately. The Job carries salary OF
$500.
Mr.. Hetzel, whose home is at 70l8
Wake Forest drive, College Park,
Md, has been acting director of the
local VINO office since June 7, when
Mr.. Deschner left for three-week
visit to st. Louis Last week Mr..
Deschner's resignation as area direc-
tor was accepted and the area
Labor Management Committee was
asked TO recommend successor.
Mr.. Hetzel is a native of Cumber-
land Md, and a graduate of the
University of Maryland. He was at
one time supervisor of works prof.
ects for the District Board of Public
Welfare and is now assistant re-
gionaf VINO representative in the
Washington office.
Evening star., 1943-07-10
'D-Doy' Is Explained
As Arbitrary Symbol
Employed by Army
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
Delay mentioned In today's
invasion dispatches, is an arbi-
trary army symbol to designate
the specific dav for beginning a
tactical operat ton. The d. is
merely the initial letter of day"
The exact hour for beginning
the operation Is referred to as
"H-hour the First World
War 1t was Zero hour" In plans
and schedules preparatory for an
operation. for the sake of secrecy
as to the exact dav meant. COM
munications refer to things that
must be completed on ID minus
g." meaning three days before
D-day. Orders for operations on
ID plus 2" may be concerned
with follow-up assignments.
Evening star., 1943-07-10
5enators Study Means
10 Get Wheat ACREAGE
Boosted 100000
BY the Associated pres.

BY the Associated Press.
Senators from wheat-producing
States OF the Middle West today
sought, In an informal conference.
some means Of inducing farmers to
plant 100000 additional acres OF
wheat which the War Food Admin
istrstion figures is necessary for
1914.
Senator Reed, Republican, OF
Kansas who invited % Senator's to
the meeting in his Office, found a
dozen OF them still in town and re-
ceived concurrence in the program
from three others. He said they
instructed him to arrange a con-
ference Monday with Food Admin
istrator Marvin Jones.
Senator Reed said one step that
seems indicated-and possibly the
only one that can be made ef-
fective in time to affect the planting
seasons an increase in the ceiling
price on -four.
Wheat Is the only major crop
that is not now on a parity price
base the Kansan commented.
The average parity price on
wheat. figured on a Nation wide
basis. Is $l.45 bushel. THE actual
average price Is about 21 cents less.
This year the wheat farmer has
had ? 14-cent subsidy payment and
9-cent soil conservation payment
which made up that difference.
But the House knocked out these
provisions and the farmer, despite
the Food Administration demand
for IS per cent increase in acreage
faces the planting season with a
prospective 2l-23 cent decrease in
the price OF his crop" ''
Senator Reed said any action
Congress may take when it recon-
vens will be too late to affect the
1874 crop in the major producing
States, where planting gets under
way In September and October. Con.
gress reconvenes September IA.
Evening star., 1943-07-10
Radio BoIbo Calls
On Itofon People
To Quit II Duce
" the Associated Press

D5 the hssoSfatcu FTeSS,
ALGIERS, July l0.-In a broad
cast coinciding with the Allied in
vasion of Sicily, a clandestine Ital-
ian station, Radio Italo Balbo,
called on Italians today to abandon
Premier Mussolini.
The statement, heard in North
Africa. declared Action has be-
gun. Vive Italo Balbo. The hour
is serious, more serious than we
thought yesterday and more serious
than we can imagine.
This is a moment for plain speak
ing. We cannot hesitate in the face
OF peril when decision are in the
hands of a few people. The great
ness OF the ideals and purity of ac-
tion of our chief, (the late) Italo
Balbo, should serve as our example" :"
Evening star., 1943-07-10

aDle only 1Or small vessels ana
Gela provides anchorage only
Weather Favorable.
The Axis in the past has boasted
of mobile reserves kept at central
points to be hurled into any threat
ened breach in Hitler's fortress of
Europe"
Close friends say Gen. Eisenhower
has always considered an amphibi-
Gus attack the toughest problem a
general could face because the
weather was added to all other un-
certainties. But the weather in the
Western Mediterranean proved
favorable.
Competent military strategists said
that in an amphibious invasion the
first three days-not the first three
hours-are the critical period. The
physical act OF getting troops ashore
is lesser phase. they say, and the
success or failure of the whole at
tempt really depends on deepening
of bridgeheads so services of supply
ana airfields can be esta ablished be-
hind the fighting men.
Every Allied soldier VINO embarked
for Sicily last night did so with the
belief that the opening of the second
front in Europe is the most impor-
tant action in store for Allied arms
Once Sicily could be occupied, the
whole course of the war in the west
might be altered to hasten the de-
feat of both Italy and Germany.
Italians Forced to Fight.
The italians. for the first time
since the World War, have been
forced to fight on the soil of their
native land. Whether this would
stiffen their courage and induce
them to surpass their record in
Africa was a question that only
further combat could answer.
Despite the round-the clock air
offensive's effect on Axis morale
and severe damage to Sicilian COM
munications. military quarters said
German and Italian ground forces
were believed to have suffered only
minor loss of their original fight
ing efficiency.
The news OF the bold Allied stroke
was first told in this terse announce
ment:
''Anglo-American-C Canadian forces
under command of Gen. Eisenhower
began landing operations in Sicily
early this morning July 10. North
African time). Landings were pre-
ceded by an air attack. Naval forces
escorted the assault forces and bom-
barded the coast defenses during
the assault
Gen. Eisenhower, the American
commander in chief of this first
major land blow to crush enemy
Europe, informed the peoples of the
occupied and enemy countries of the
attack in a statement read over the
Algiers radio.
The announcer followed up the
statement with these words:
The battle of Africa is over; the
battle of Europe has begun
There was no immediate official
report of the progress of the fighting
or where it centered.
The lightning quick landings were
begun in good weather in full moon
light.
The troop ships and their escort
ing naval vessels defied minefields
and strongly placed enemy shore
guns to reach the objective.
Sicily, only 260 airline miles from
Evening star., 1943-07-10
GiIIinq
Continued From First PageA

in a room next to the war room.
He slept soundly for three hours
until awakened at 4:3o am. by an
aide, who informed him that as
sault troops had landed and that
everything was going according to
plan.
The Royal Navy served the gen.
eral with a cup of hot tea, and he
then returned to the war room,
where reports now were coming in
regularly. He remained there until
he heard the BIC broadcast his
message telling the people of France
that this was the first stage of the
invasion of the European continent,
which would be followed by others.
Gen. Eisenhower then left the
war room, but only for change Of
clothes. He returned soon, to fol-
low with his commanders the prog
ress of operations.