davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Coolidge examiner., 1943-06-11
ICE BOXES FOR CIVILIANS

A total OF 239.575 ice boxes are TO
be produced in the next three
months for civilian use. Despite
limited factory capacities and
scarcity of materials. the produc-
tion rate is expected to reach about
70 900 units a month.
The Coolidge examiner., 1943-06-11
BUY WAR STAMPS AND BONDS
From where I.sit
by Joe Marsh

All this talk about people over
20 being too old for q new jobl
Well. you ought to meet Pop
Graham. the new foreman at the
iron works. Pop must be over
seventy yet soon a. the war
broke out he started out on Q
brand new career.
81 reckon Uncle Sam can use
me nOsC," he says-and pitches
In with both hands, making
armor plate.
Yes, there's q lesson for the
young folks in Pop Graham's Q
The Coolidge examiner., 1943-06-11
HOW TO GET FARM SUPPLIES

According TO a new WPB prior
ity regulation a dealer must fur
nish farm supplies IL the farmer
signs a certificate stating. II Ger
tify to the War Production Board
that I am a farmer and that the
supplies covered by this order are
needed now and will be used for
the operation OF a farm" A total
of 40 items are affected by this
order. Such certificatlon will en-
able the armer to buy up TO s25
worth of any OF the items on the
list. and more IL the certificate Is
approved by his local country farm
rationing committee.
The Coolidge examiner., 1943-06-11
New Officers

NiemtZow, Frank (NMD Capt.
Cassity, Galen H.. End 1t.
Handleman, Sol A., End 1t
Rosen. Louis. End 1t.
Halpern, Nathaniel p. Capt.
Peterson. George r.. End 1t.
Ryan. John F.. End 1t
Chapman. Floyd w, End 1t.
Earl. Kenneth E, End 1t.
The Coolidge examiner., 1943-06-11

green outfit, and eventually the
entire Army will wear 1t. Describ-
ed as the color OF an oak leaf, II
is said to be equally concealing in
jungle or desert. Reversible. the
inside Is white for use In snowy
regions" - The Army officer (May
Edition).
The Coolidge examiner., 1943-06-11
DON'T WRITE -RoUND ROBINS

Writing soldiers "round robins,
or news letters. and inviting COM
posite replies by the group is in
advisable. the War Department has
warned. Replies tend to become
anthologies of military information
and a custom that arose from In
The Coolidge examiner., 1943-06-11
Officers Wives Bid

All the officers wives are cordi-
ally invited to attend a bridge
luncheon at the club, Friday after
noon, June 18th. Mrs. Nate Math-
ews and Mrs. A. Brown are In
charge OF the arrangements for the
party.
The Coolidge examiner., 1943-06-11
BUTTER PRICE REDUCED

A reduction of five to six cents
a pound in the retail price of but
ter went into effect yesterday.
With the subsidy paid to them
by the government. buyers of but
terfat will get as much for their
butter as before. and will be ex-
pected 10 continue to pay going
nrices 10 the farmer.
The Coolidge examiner., 1943-06-11
New Uniforms

UNOFFICIAL NOTICE.: did
you know the Army Is set to
change over to a green uniform!
Beginning in July, all troops over.
seas will be equipped with the new
The Coolidge examiner., 1943-06-11
From Los Angeles

Mrs. Ester Miller, wife of 1t.
Dell Miller. the Civilian Personnel
officer at F. I. c. has recently re
turned from a visit with her hus-
bands people in Los Angeles.
The Coolidge examiner., 1943-06-11

Mrs. Clydean Carroll and two
daughters Marilyn and Jerry.
Oh. B. Aguirre, cattle rancher of
Tucson and Red Rock. was in Cool
idge on business Wednesday.
. Mr.. and Mrs. Barney Shanks of
Phoenix spent Tuesday in the
Harry Shelter home.
. Barbara Talla left wednesday
night for Long Beach. California,
to join her mother. They plan to
spend the summer on the coast.
The Coolidge examiner., 1943-06-11

OMr. and Mrs. Paul Loucks enter
tanned Friday evening with a pot
luck dinner. Guests of the evening
included Mr. and Mrs. w. r. Eli
oft. F. p. Jameson. n. G., Murray,
Clark Wells, Martin Talla. and
The Coolidge examiner., 1943-06-11
CARD OF THANKS

To our friends who so kindly ex-
pressed their love and sympathy
during the illness and passing OF
our beloved wife and mother, we
wish to extend our appreciation.
]. w. ELLIS AND SONS
The Coolidge examiner., 1943-06-11

o Dick Ware returned from Pasa-
dena. California where he has been
visiting his brother. Lloyd Ware
and family.
The Coolidge examiner., 1943-06-11

. Sarah Louise Arnold and Boots
Corbett left Saturday to visit
friends on the coast.
The Coolidge examiner., 1943-06-11

D.
Urt sh
The Coolidge examiner., 1943-06-11
NO MORE WHEAT FOR FEED

NO MOHE WFIENI FOH EED
Sales of what for feed have been
discontinued by the Commodity
Credit Corporation. However. far
mers may still obtain some feed
wheat through dealers and county
AAA committees to whom ship
ments have already been made.
The Coolidge examiner., 1943-06-11

nocent motives becomes a security
hazard.
The Coolidge examiner., 1943-06-11

O Mrs. Pierce Vinsel was in Phoe
nix. Tuesday.
The Coolidge examiner., 1943-06-11

spirit. And when the hard days
work i over. you'll find Pop
relaxing and having q cool 70
feshing glass of beer.
From where I cit that's still
another lesson we can learn from
older people-m moderation.
Moderation in enjoying good
beer. tolerance for others who
enjoy this friendly. wholesome
beverage Of moderation.
@e M~u<
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-07-03
VANDALISM

There is an old American adage which has been
worn thin by repetition but which we believe should
be profoundly impressed upon everyone of us in the
Negro community of Detroit 1t runs, "two wrongs
do not make right" We have charged the Detroit
police with brutality and downright savagery. We
have blasted and condemned the Klan-mnded gutter
pups who take an inhuman delight in crucifying men,
women and children simply because they were born
black. We shall continue to demand that these foul
elements in our society be eliminated as long as
there is breath left in us.
Nevertheless, we challenge any sane Negro citi-
to tour the commercial streets in district and
come away feeling that the devastation and ruin
created by people of our own group reflect credit
upon The horrifyng destruction of property and
wanton looting cannot be defended by any person
who has ounce of integrity and self-respect. We
know that only small minority Of Negroes par
ticipated in this frightful page but it only takes
a minority among us to defeat the very ends which
the whole race wants and demands.
While we do not share the Uncle Tom views
which insist that we must take oppression lying
down with only prayer on our lips we cannot con-
done savagery among ourselves any more than we
do among other groups. If We have grievances
dSdiHoI Willc olioPhtepcIS III OuT ulStIlCt, CLcIc
are many far more effective ways of expressing
them than wanton looting We can still spend our
money where we choose.
1t is our earnest hope that the Negro leadership
takes cognizance of what happened last week. To
say that we oppressed and are the products of
the slums created by the whites who detest us cannot
absolve us of our rightful responsibilities for main
tanning civilized behavior. Furthermore by such saw
agery not single gain has been won and on the
other hand we tend to ALLEVIATE many who are willing
to join us in decent, democratic struggle for the
rights and privileges which we demand. The truth
must be told even if it may be temporarily unpopular
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-07-03
Ku Klux Khan Works Underground
Whips Up White Lunatic Fringe

organization took an active part in
politics in these sections.
DR.. Hiram Wesley Evans OF Texas
took over the leadership OF the
Khan in 1922. In 1922. 1924. and 1926
the Khan was powerful at the polls,
but by 1923 its strength was waning
due in part 10 the excuses 20 which
its membership had gone in some
instances. In Indiana Khan bribery
and corruption was exposed ard
the mayor OF indianapolis and the
governor OF Indiana were indicted
and convicted Of political bribery.
KHAN IN DETROIT
During this period Detroit was
no stranger TO the Khan. A strong
organization grew up here and rs
elsewhere in the Middle West took
part in political activity. In fact
recent candidate for public Office
in Detroit was accused Of Khan
membership Stories have appeared
in the daily press from time to time
in the last few years telling OF the
new growth OF the Khan. Imperial
Wizard Colescott has visited Detroit
often and his visits have been given
notice in the press also. During the
Sojourner Truth dispute the Khan
was strongly suspected OF having
a hand in the anti-Negro agitation.
Anyone interested in discovering
the truth about Khan activity in
Detroit wettld have to take into ac-
count these historical developments.
No investigation Of the Khan can
overlook the fact that the Khan
works in the realm OF ideas, and
the the vicious fruit OF these anti
Negro ideas may Sprout up any
where.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-07-03

1t is very difficult to state an unpleasant fact
pleasantly and we shall not even try. The time is
at hand for all Of those who want democracy in
America to recognize the enemies of democracy and
to ell inmate them forthwith The great beauty of
our form of government is that we can do this job
without resorting to violence and bloodshed. Where
violence is unnecessary; fighting becomes the tool
of fool. Let us not permit anyone to try to make
Detroit paradise for fools.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-07-03

10 terrorize the newly freed slaves
ard to oppose the reconstruction
measures of Congress. Several SIM
liar organizations sprang Up during
these years and with the Ku Klux
Khan formed revolt against re-
construction and the "carpetbag"
governments. Among these organi-
cations were the Knights of White
Camelia, White League, Invisible
Circle ard the Pale Faces.
The years from l868-l870 marked
the greatest strength of the Khan.
During this period nearly all south
ern whites took part in its activity
although not all were members.
No record is available Of the num-
bers of Negroes killed and beaten
during these years General Sheri-
dan estimated $500 killed from
l865-l875). but il is known that the
Negroes were terrorized into sub
mission and white supremacy was
the rallying cry over the whole
South. Many whites who attempted
10 give the Negroes political direc-
ton or those who administered the
measures were also
beaten. The situation had reached
such a point that in 1871 and 1872
Congress passed what are known
as the Force Laws" which for
babe -Gany secret societies and
checked the violence OF the Khan.
In 1869 the ceptral organization Of
the Khan had been dissolved and
its power gradually declined in the
local organizations. The southern
whites had achieved their ends.
however. and the government OF
the South had been returned to the
hands OF the former slave owners
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-07-03
THE FACTS m
OUR NEWS

The committee should also rec
ommend to the Council Of Social
Agencies. that an overall program
to be set up to deal with tension
areas. Such committee would
act in sort of an advisory way on
it's discovered facts to the Board
Of Education. The Department Of
Recreation. The Police Department
and the churches and school. This
committee would have on its staff
we'll trained Negro person to
work with two other people prop
erly selected. This committee
would have as its job to diagram
the tension areas in Detroit. and
Immediately begin programs to les
sen the tension and to re-orient the
people In the tension area to a
more constructive approach in the
matter of meeting their needs. The
committee would also have at its
fingertips, available and needed
social resources in the tension areas.
1t would be able to continuously
these forces to meet any
problem. At present there
are about five such areas.
The industrial picture could be
dealt with by this committee also.
The committee could set up with
management certain employment
techniques where the matter of
race is concerned There are GER
tain definite ways OF migrating
Negroes into new employment Sit
liations that would cause the least
amount of trouble. The unions
could cooperate in this whole pro-
cess. and they would il they had
the material available. The COM
mittee also must deal, and deal
quickly with the matter OF housing.
Here the task is much more diff
cult and will meet very strong
forces il any change is suggested
in the present pattern. The COM
mittee must see. however. that
mixed areas. namely: where white
and Negro people live together,
we're without riotous activity.
which is magnificent commentary
FOR a program of race migration
Such a committee would also guide
the process OF social action in the
matter OF helping TO secure change
for the. good of the whole COM
Every woman and man in the
city OF Detroit must begin now to
think and prepare himself individ-
lally for vigorous program. Many
groups and individuals are already
thinking Of methods, but none OF
Us will get anywhere except we
our efforts with the
Mayors Committee.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-07-03
LETTERS TO
THE EDITOR

Editor, Michigan Chronicle: II Is
with regret that the recent strife
among the two groups Of Detroit
citizens should come to such a
al, understanding at this time. Such
as now is happening is something
that was sure to come to pass
sooner or later, but / had hoped
that it would come at time when
the masses were not so engaged in
united task for the liberation OF
free men.
But let me say this, now that we
are face to face with the issue OF
the God given rights OF man: let
US see it through! We are up
against great odds in when We can.
expect no physical victory but are
we seeking such victory? We
are seeking something far greater
than that, We are only trying TO
find the place in society that right
fully belongs TO US. When the
world once learns that we CAN
and WILL fight then and only then
will we be able to command and
receive respect.
I have spent twelve months here
in the south and they have been
terrible months as far as am con-
cerned. The colored soldier has
been subjected to ridicule not only
on the streets and public places but
right on the government reserva-
tons as we'll. We are at war right
here with nothing 10 figh; with.
It would be hard now 10 relate
the many ways that a colored boy
in uniform is subjected TO at the
hands OF the whites but let me
say in so many words. il is hell.
Il is possible for the Negro race
in Detroit at this 10 set an example
for the rest OF the country. In
the name OF the colored fighting
man in uniform and their families
ard friends the country over. and
the men who have given their lives
for cause in which We take so
little part. let me urge you and all
OF my people at home to carry this
issue right through until We can
obtain a complete moral victory.
! am sure that you know my
position here in the heart OF the
south where all Of our troubles
originate. You won't use nv -~-ne
in connection wit this letter. II
! were up there I could fgh: for
our cause without fear OF my
name being, mentioned anywhere.
I sincerely hope that you will un-
derstand my stand, am, Your
Friend.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-07-03
BOOK NOTES
GERTRUDE SCOTT MARTIN

THE CHOICE (by Charles Mills,
The Macmillan Company, New
York City. 5000 is a novel about
the South. but it differs greatly
from the traditional Southern nov
ell. The author is primarily con-
cerned with character study. The
hero. David Lennox. Is the son Of
a man who treasures the best OF
the Old South, the traditions OF
the Southern gentleman. and who
preserves his ancestral home, The
Cedars, as a link with the past.
David. unlike his mother, and
brother. shares his fathers love
for The Cedars and all 1t repre-
sents. After his fathers death
David, too, clings to the ideal of
the Southern aristocrat and returns
from time to time to The Cedars
hoping to find there the peace his
father did.
The story revolves itself around
the development of David's think
ing. In Centerville where he lived
as young boy with his mother
after his fathers death, he found
small town jealousies and bitter
ness and despised those whose lack
of understanding made his life a
lonely one. From this period
through his college years he ex-
perienced a series OF strong per-
sonal attachments, none OF which
was entirely satisfactory. At last
he turned to Italy where his father
had studied and it was during his
sojourn there at the beginning OF
Mussolini's rise to power that he
saw clearly the dangers OF the Fas-
cist state and the strong attraction
it exerted for young men around
him. He saw the inhuman cruelty
Of his friend, George. an American.
who combined slove for the de-
cadent South of the Confederacy
with burning admiration for the
Fascist.
The title Of the book Is signih-
cant and David makes the choice
for freedom against RECOMMENDATION.
The author is sensitive observer
and his characters, though some-
times exaggerated, have the breath,
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-07-03

OF life in them. The book is more
Of a criticism OF small town men,
tality than OF the South. When
a lynching is discussed one sees
how even intelligent Southerners
as represented by David miss the
true issue through blind prejudice.
At the end of the book, however,
although this issue is not drawn
very clearly. David sees the fallacy
of Fascist thinking. II is an excit-
ing book and one that the reader
will not want to put aside.
An article on the zoot-suit riots
by Carey McWilliams in the New
Republic for June 81 puts the
blame squarely on the Los Angeles
press and police:
Z Immediate responsibility for the
outbreak Of the riots must be placed
upon the Los Angeles press and
the Los Angeles police. For more
than a year now the press (and
particularly the Hearst press) has
been building up anti-Mexican
sentiment in Los Angeles. Using
the familiar Harlem Crime wave"
technique, the press has headlined
every case in which a Mexican
has been arrested. featured photo
graphs of Mexicans dressed in FOOT
suits checked back over criminal
records to prove that there has
been an increase in Mexican crime
and constantly needed the police
to make arrests. This campaign
reached such a pitch, during the
Sleepy Lagoon case in August 1912.
that the Owl sent representative
to Los Angeles 10 reasonswith the
publishers. The press was most
obliging; It dropped the word Mex
lean and began 10 feature 'zoot-
suit The constant repetition OF
the phrase 'zoot-suit,' coupled with
Mexican names and pictures OF
Mexicans, had the effect Of con-
vincing the public that all Mexi-
cans were zoot-suiters and all zoot-
suffers were criminals: ergo, all
Mexicans were criminals :.
Mr.. McWilliams is the author OF
BROTHERS UNDER THE SKIN,
reviewed here several weeks ago.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-07-03
Fraternal Women Hold
Mississippi State Meet

MERIDIAN. Miss.-Members Of
r. B. Matthews Temple No. 739. OF
this city have just returned from
the state meeting at Vicksburg.
Daughters from the local Temple
attending were: Lillian Harris,
Helen Hamilton, Beatrice Coleman,
Hattie Mccain. Laura Morris,
Mable Holloway, Title Turner.
Geneva Turner. Lucille Lane. Lu-
Gle Lovelady and Emma Jack.
Daughter Ruler Lillian Harris
delivered the response to the adj
dress by the state president Three
Meridian members elected state Of
ficers were Dtrs. Harris, Coleman
and Hamilton
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-07-03
Urges Teachers To
Push Pay Fight

ATLANTA. -. CAMP - Teach
ers who don't have enough MAN.
hood or womanhood 10 stand up for
their constitutional rights are not
At 10 teach >>euf-ch ildren." blunt
spoken, hard-hit;ing Thurgood Mar
shall. special counsel for the
NAACP. told several thousand At
lantans who damned Wheat Street
Baptist church here Friday night.
lie revealed that procedure had
been mapped 70 countcract action
taken by the Atlanta Board OF Edu-
cation and that a preliminary hear
ing in the teachers equal pay case
now pending in federal court would
be held June 30
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-07-03
HIGHLAND
p a r K
By AUDREY BOULDING

Church Vacation Bible School
Opened Despite The Riot
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-07-03

THE MAYORS COMMITTEE
The Mayor has appointed very
outstanding committee to help dis
cover some Of the causes and reme-
dies for Detr0its major race riot.
The committee can take one Of two
courses; IL can project q general
philosophical understanding state
ment about the riots which will
have little value. II can do the more
constructive task Of really stating
definite causes and asking for def
mite remedies. This Is the only kind
of . report from the committee that
will be Of value. The committee Is
. very good one. The Mayor could
not have selected q better commit
tee.
Your correspondent feels that
there are certain things that must
be taken into account in finding
causes and recommending RENE
dies. The committee must keep in
mind that some Of the causes for
the riot are found in the psychology
ical framework Of some Of Detroit's
increasing population. The words
Illustration" ''inferiority feelings"
feeling Of rejection" and "oppres-
sion" must be key words as. the
committee seeks to state its find
ings. definitely. When the commit
tee comes to recommendations on
this point they have machinery
that they can call upon 10 come into
play to help meet the problems i'm
this area. That machinery happens
to be The Department of Public
Welfare. Under the city charter
The Department Of Public Welfare
can set up in relationship to rec
reational institutions and churches,
guidance clinics, stated with
trained people to work at the prob
lem.
The committee will also discover
that some Of the causes lie in The
realm OF education. functional edu-
cation II you please. We already
have existing machinery to deal
with this problem. The Board of
Education has needed for some time
to revamp its curriculum. The cur
riculum as il is now set up. does
not take into account the needs Of
a changing population. In short.
the curriculum &C the Board of Ed
ucation is not dvnamic enough for
Detroits population. Il meets gen.
orally some OF Detroits problems.
but does not meet specifically the
problems Of tee children in the
school They are not prepared by
the school TO function as citizens
in a dynamic cosmopolitan city.
The matter OF the police depart
ment needs some very definite facts
aud remedies presented 20 the city |
authorities. Negroes especially, for
a long time. have been suspicious |
OF our police department and to |
my waye of thinking rightly $50. The |
committee will discover that there
are not nearly enough Negro police I
on the force; in fact there are only /
20 Negro policemen out of 1000 .
now working. In addition 10 this
fact, uniformed officers arc needed
who have rank above the patrolmen
in the Negro sections; in other
words. the police authorities need I
10 place in authority Negro police
men. This brings up the whole idea
Of promoting Negro uniformed
men, This Will be tough one to
crack. but one that the committee
certainly ought 10 work on very
i.