davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-02
THIS AND THAT

length. It Is rare around hegp. IN resent
years. and not usually idsatiAsd with
certainty.
The sparrow hawk Is smaller, being
slightly less than . inches, In length.
ranging to IL inches.
These two hawks are The. smallsst a
the American falcons.
The pigeon hawk would ~ real
menace to birds. II there wefH morn o1
him. Fortunately. he 10 not seen much
any more.
- 4 49,, SIS 3
The duck hawk is much larger, being
. full Is inches tn length tmale).5 Ths
female, Is in all hawks. Is larger, being
10 inches long. The largest Of . pair
Of hawks is the female.
It was duck hawk which roasted In
the tower Of the old Post Once Depart
ment Building at Eleventh and Pennsyl-
vania avenue for several years, living
Cd. pigeons which abounded Ia the
neighborhood.
At its worst, this hawk viii catch
everything from robin to . mouse. It
Is said that it Is 10 swift and accurate
that it even catches swifts.
Recently . duck hawk WAS nelsasod
from the roof Of The Star Building By
the man who had captured It and 1t new
straight over to the old tower.
The little sparrow hawk Is one Of the
few which does not have two lengths.
The male and female OF this species are
about the same length. It Is beautiful
bird, often secured rs . pet. It may Be
fed on chicken lvers.
It Is extremely coaorful, with blue
and light tannish brown, With gray and
some white.
The pigeon hawk. while rocsting, some
what resembles the extinct passenger
pigeon, and some people believe it rot its
common name from this fact. We do not
feel however. that any hawk resembles .
pigeon. living or extinct Thersx Il always
remarkably erect. alert look about Q
hawk which sets 1t OF from other, birds.
Those who admire posture must admire
the hawks. they hold themselves 20 f1uely.
That fne little hawk, the sparrow
: hawk, viii eat anything from grasshop-
pers to mice. He does not often catch
sparrows, despite his name. Probably
he got the name, in the flrst place, from
his httleness. rather than frsm hi
fancisd prey. Z
kitty hawk, and windhovsr, ara two
other common names. Taa nrst i from
the siss, and the second from IT. habit
q lowering over nelds after mice. This
hawk makes . sound resembling 'killy,
killy. kAly. killy, which may account for
the name Of kitty hawk.
Ornitholosists tell u that Of an the
hawks. this one u the most beneficial
Or. A. 4. Fisher said: AT times It It
tacks small birds and young chickens
but these irregularities are 70 infre-
quent that they are more than ont.
weighed BY IT. good services In destroy
Ing insects and mica. 0fasshoppery
crickets and other insects f6im It,
principal food during the warm months
while mice predcminats during tins rss
] pf thu ysar." @
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-02
CONNECTICUT AVENUE.

Dear Sir:
Prom my window of . tall building
there has been observed on the roof Of
the building on the opposite side Of the
avenue since the latter part Of October
bird which apparently is Of the hawk
family.
He Is king OF all he surveys there.
Before he came, pigeons, were occupying
the roof Of this building. This bird is
the size Of mourning dove, but more
streamlined, and the feathers On head,
back and tail are Of the darker sort with
light gray ones on breast.
There seem to be few white feathers
around the eyes. Due to low-powered
glasses and distance, it Is not possible
to give more detailed description.
ITO me. the puzxling part Is that the
bird is alone when seen on the roof,
yet am almost sure that he and his
mate do more or less flying together
near the roof.
During the recent heavy snowfall
this bird sat on 4 small pole used as an
antenna support and seemed to enjoy
the snow bath.
He eats his evening meals. apparently
Of mice or sparrows, Just before dusk
on various parts Of the roof, holding his
prey with claws and pulling up with his
curved bill. There have been occasions
when he seemed to disappear for two
or three days at q stretch.
Il, too, am a constant reader Of your
column and derive much pleasure and
receive good information from it.
"A friend and have erected near the
barn at the Rock Greek golf course =
home for purple martins. This home
is made to take care Of Is families and
Is sturdily built to specifications for
ventilation, etc.
Il hope the martins viii use 1t when
they come back in the spring.
1T was erected the day after they had
left last fan.
Very truly yours, J. r. c."
Washington has always had many
hawks.
Even prosres Of recent years has not
disturbed these fellows.
~ long Is there are towers and build
inss, they viii come into town, to feed
on mice and small birds.
English sparows make easy targets,
Whether the hawks Just ny into . group,
taking any bird they can catch, o.
whether they havs their eyes On ons
victim, We do not know.
Tho two tnstances W have seen per-
sonallv In recent years leads u to be-
leve that the hawk, often the smallest
one. the sparrow hawk, selects his pre-,
In advance.
This they could do easily because Of
their marvellous eyesight.
All birds have hne eyesisht, but TIN
hawks the best Of al.
They can spot . creeping mouse 70,
. very long distance.
4 ~ -
Our correspondence hawk u probabl,
Z pigeon hawk.
This specimen ranges In sise from
10 inches to little over u inches b
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-02
Social Hygiene Society

Observance today throughout the
United States of social hygiene day
and the celebration in Washington
ut the same time Of the twenty-fifth
anniversary of the Social Hygiene
Society. come at . time when the
war has given new incentive in
organized efforts to stamp out vene-
real disease. Anything which tends.
In war. to prevent full utilization Of
our manpower Is placed auto
matically In the category Of public
enemies. And the dread public
enemy of social diseases" is being
fought more widely. more intelli-
gently and more effectively today
than ever before.
One important phase of this bat
tie. however. was won some years
ago. This was the victory repre-
sented in placing adequate emphasis
on social diseases as q health prob
lem. Under the leadership of such
men as Surgeon General Parran Of
the United States Public Health
Service, and such organizations ~
the Washington Social Hygiene So
ciety, the nature Of this problem is
being brought out into the open and
frankly dealt with, with the result
that better medical and legal meas
ures are being widely adopted and
supported by public appropriations.
Twenty-Five years ago the WASH
ington Social Hygiene Society was
engaged In a held which was tar
from popular" But through It's
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-02

the form Of shipbuilding. More re-
Gently his energies were devoted to
social and philanthropic activities
dsdgned to assist in Strengthening
the whole fabric of American life.
HIS concern for the increasing vel
fare OF the entire community re-
manned with him until the end of
his career. The Boy Scouts will keep
his memory green, but he likewise
Is entitled to enduring appreciation
for his less widely publicized labors.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-02
Defends "Ehiciency Ratings"
And Most Supervisors"

anu Most supervisory"
TO the Editor Of The star:
Osias Schwartz. Small Fry and Elmer
G.. Helm present fine tsicD argument
against the efficiency rating system based
on the premise that all supervisors are
biased as regards Ill employees.
However, I think 1t Is only logical tn
assume that most supervisors are aver
age people with an average amount Of
mental balance and an average sense Of
justice.
There must be some way Of enforcing
discipline in every we'll organized entity
and until . better method Is offered We
must accept the efficiency rating sys-
tenn.
A civil service examination can only
determine . persons ability. His
consciousness and his stamina can
only be determined after he Is placed In
. position.
Promotions must be based on past per-
Torrance Is well Is on seniority. Pro-
motions based on seniority only would
MI key positions with incompetents.
Just u the honest reputable citizen
has no reason to fear the police. 70 the
honest and willing worker has no reason
to fear the efficiency rating system.
II. NITzENBERo.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-02
Disappearing Democracy

representative daLCOn summers,
astute chairman OF the House Ju-
dietary Committee. unquestionably is
right In saying that we have been
travelling away from representative
democracy toward centralized bu-
reaucracy." This is a trend that
has been under way for some time,
but which has been greatly accel-
Grated during the past decade. 1t is
one thing, however. to direct atten-
ton to the trend: quite another to
put finger on the basic causes and
eliminate them.
Mr.. Summers did not define what
he meant by representative democ-
racy, but undoubtedly he had In
mind = system in which there is q
minimum Of regulation by the CEN
trail government, with that minimum
responsive to the will Of the elected
representatives Of the people. Ger
tainly, with the term used in this
sense, we have moved far away from
representative democracy.
The sharp break came during the
deep depression of the early thirties,
when, under the spur of an impend-
ing economic collapse, the most
sweeping emergency" powers were
entrusted to the central government.
That was the period Of adapting"
our Constitution to 1T Z changed
economy. Of the rise Of administra-
tive agencies exercising q tremen-
dous land often absolute) power
over the affairs Of the people. This
was the heyday Of the peacetime
bureaucrat.
Yet It would be q serious error to
suppose that this came about over
the opposition Of the people, or with
out the consent OF those whom they
had elected to represent them. To
very considerable extent the power
which has been exercised. and often
abused, BY the centralized bureau
Gratis was given to them, freely.
willingly and In blank-check form,
BY Consress. And II there has been
any usurpation Of power by executive
agencies or through judicial misin-
terpretation Of the intent Of Congress
q expressed In legislation, It must be
remembered that the President, upon
whose doorstep responsibility for
this would rest. has been before the
people three times and has been
elected by large majorities.
Mr.. Summers suggests that the
people are awakening to the danger
implicit Ia what has been happening
to their Government during the past
ten years. and perhaps this u cor
rect. The recent election would in-'
dicate that it II. II 90 there Is no
serious ground for apprehension.
since it lies within the power Of the
people. or Of the representatives
whom they have sent to Congress, to
reverse this trend and bring about
. restoration Of Representative de-
mocracy." II the people and Con-
Rress fail to bring about . change. 1t
can only be assumed that they are
satisfied with things - they are. as
opposed to what they used to be.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-02
Tole Of q Mountoin Loufel

For halt thQnsand pears the lourel /,
orsso. .ss
Its bole tay thicker than your ayn.s !,
could ring. 81
Then. on night Of. storm, ,cAsn
great s0tnds bleU, sss.-s
It crashed, and lay q ,c,sckeA-
dtshevsled thing, >
And It's dark leapes turned broaoT :
and all It's limbs -
crnmbled In times tnevitable !.
decay;
And tchere the birds had choiyed
thsar morning hvMns, 81.
4 blank. tCtds spacs gopsd at tAs
staring day. - e
But not 5oreusri From that ta,,sn4
trunk, @5 q
Al pe.vst-mos.sd .s~ee In d.
tiQutttss, 4
Ns'o yootlets. like courageous hands,s !
haze sunk, Z
And 10! along itssids. xsso mount
ing trees, Z
Not one, but ssverali through thss
roid are thrust !
Lues green young gauntlet houttxs !
lime sxd dxstl s-.i Z
STANTON A. CODlEleTz. {
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-02
Inventions ii Wartime

War has q tendency 70 stimulate
creative thought. The principle
illustrated BY the axiom Necessity
y the mother Of invention" = being
demonstrated anew from day to day
- the prevailing conflict runs its
course. Patents granted In m aver
age week now number about 1000.
To the total q nearly 2,400. 900
patents recorded sincs the Patent
Once was established In 1870, the
Government has added some $1,000
seized from foreign owners. The sum
total Of available Intentional expert
ence u therefore not merely great but
L lso constantly growing.
Most ideas for military or naval
development are submitted directly
to the War and the Navy Depart
ments. No matter how impractical q
suggestion may seem, 1t Is examined
with care by at least one Of corps
Of experts qualified for the work. In
the Patent Once proper there are
81 different units charged with re-
sponsibility TOR judging the poten-
tial value of applications. Licenses
for the use Of seized patents are
awarded to manufacturers At NOM
inal fees pending final disposition Of
them as ALLEN property" at the
eventual peace conference.
Following the precedent Of 1917, 4
National Inventors Council was Or
ganized in 1910 and is operating
under the supervision of DR.. Charles
F. Kettering, research vice president
of the General Motors Corporation.
More than 100000 ideas, 1t is said,
have been proposed since Pearl Har-
Dor. The variety Of them is indicated
by their range from armored tanks
capable Of travelling on land and in
water to flying suits filled with milk
weed floss. Many inventions, natu-
rally. cannot be displayed publicly.
It is imperative that they be kept
secret for the duration, II not perma-
nently. Some of the best of them,
as might be expected, come from men
in the Army. the Navy, the Marine
Corps, the Coast Guard and other
branches Of national service.
More significant, however, than
any single invention or number Of
them Is the vitalization OF the mind
Of the people under the influence OF
the emergency. That stimulation
logically should affect the entire
pattern of American intelligence. It
follows that once again as often
before 4 great crisis may be produc-
tive Of lasting social and cultural
benefit. Probably it is \ pity that
times OF peace and serenity are COM
paratively sterile. but such appears
10 be the law Of life.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-02
Making q Decision

Joint subcommittee Of the House
Military and Naval Affairs Committee
brings into the open Z detailed pic
ture OF the struggle which has been
going on between military and civil
Ian omcials for control OF certain
critical materials.
Those appearing before the sub
committee were Rubber Administra-
tor william M. LETTERS, Undersecre-
tary Of War Patterson and Under
secretary Of Navy Forrestal. To put
1t mildly, they made it clear that they
do not see eye to eye on the issue Of
civilian vs.. military requirements.
The hearing was called ostensibly
to look into charges by Mr.. Jeffers
that the Army and Navy (and?)
loafers have been disrupting war
production. This accusation was left
hanging in midair, with Mr.. LETTERS
reiterating, but not substantiating,
the complaint, while Mr.. Patterson
and MIR. Forrestal put sharply worded
denials into the record. There was
nothing cloudy, however, about the
difference OF opinion on the subject
OF priority control between Mr.. Jeners
on the one hand and Mr., Patterson
and Mr.. Forrestal on the other.
Mr. Patterson accused Mr.. Jeiiers
Of attempting to puah through pri-
critics for his synthetic rubber pro-
gram which would have caused Z
production loss Of $1,000 airplanes
and . delay OF four months in the
high-octane aviation gasoline pro-
gram. The Undersecretary Of war.
supported By Mr.. Torrestal, also
warned that the rubber program
advocated by M. Jefters would
threaten production eof escort shipe
for use against enemy submarines.
70 these complaints. Mr.. Jeisrs
responded BY reading excerpts from
> letter allowing that the Army and
Navy wanted to solve the problem
by taking 7,o00,00o automobiles Oh
the road, stopping all Sunday,
holiday and non-essential driving.
sharply curtailing bus and truck
travel and taking al spare tires GA
civilian cars. The Army and Navy"
Mr.. Jeffers declared, think you can
take this country on rubber. I ray.
you can't"
Happily, after weeks Of behind
the-seenes battling, . compounds
seems to have been struck which.
while disappointing 10 the services
and none too pleading to Mr.. Je6ers,
apparently threatens neither side
With disaster. This was accomplished
after War Production Chairman
Donah Nelson, wsaryof being caught
b tha croas nrs. put the whole master
up to Economic atabiliser Byrney.
Who, having heard all parties, allotted
Mr.. LETTERS priorities for 4S.6 per cent
Of the rubber called for in the Baruch
report. II this program ID carried out
With careful scheduling, according to
Mr.. Forrestal, the damage done to the
Army and Navy programs can be
eminimized."
Thus. 1t would appear that COM
promise which IL not too BE- has,
been arrived ut. Certainly. 1t il % ~
hoped that this Is -, and that the
period OF unproductive controversy
y about over. The great danger Ia
disputes OF this sort Il that q nnal
and binding decixon never viii Be
made. It Is necessary to keep Ia
mind the fact that even bad deci-
SION often Is better than no decision.
Tor the former permits Of some action
while the latter means that nothing
ever gets done.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-02
Letters to the Editor


80. ~ De.Ao - -. =
o = ~
TO Me sai'oF q tn sses:
WHAT are the causes q siimsf This
= certainly problem worthy d careful
tnousnt ana analysis.
TO nay mind every city block may b.
come SUM, ana It depends on the
KIND OF supervision, planning, such g
Soning. but also on whether yleh Soning
y intelltsently enforced and supervised.
In some well-mown factoey towns
wooden three-story tenements are per-
missible even though they are really
dangerous 1re hasards. strictly speaking,
unit for human habttation. II they
were limited to two stories. With nod
exits. that hazard would b neGiieible.
NEGLECT Of buildi1es BY the owner NAV
lead to their becoming un1it Tor habfta-
ton, and In this case they become. -
It were. cancer In the community.
What frequently happens In . city
block Il comparable with what would
happen II q multi-family ha,iIdinr =
well-desiened apartment houae. for ex-
ample. II some o( the tenants are
slovenly and careless and their quarters
allowed 70 get In bad condition. In such
case the character of the entire build-
Ing II 5eopardised and serious deprecia.
ton results. It Is for this reason that
the owners Of the apartment house md
1t necessary to employ competent man
aser to see that proper upkeep and
maintenance are insisted upon.
Ine city or town government bears
mucn the same relation to the city blocks
tnat the owner OF IN apartment house
nears 70 the tenants. Admittedly. the
city government y not tns owner Of the
city piocks, nut the government Of the
casy 1eptesents the popuiasson which has
= large investment IN streets, ndewalks,
wassE ana sewer systems, electric and
seiepnone Anes' scnools, Npfarles, etc..
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-02

9. How hing ID y take - cam
pletA ths Alaska highW1ys - ANY
4. Ten tl,ouaand aot6iers. DIVIDED into
seven amy enSineer reeiments ana
anoo ciyi1ian vnrkmaau oonuaaAed the
new cana dtan- Aiaskan5 military hirhvay
IN slishtlv over IL ncuths.
g. Why dos : robin seem % havs
earth9-B. p. =, RI
a. Tha vorm 4 ~ = HI sfts
sros,r,A IN raasna * - rsa1,y NAH
hairs a. IL bo1v 4 80 n - t1,irlenn
r. heav. me-, neee.a1erv. = -
->- 80 g
q. How Thick M1,st ~ T. bsfoGs 4
~. N.ts,...,. c.s. "a. Sx,..,,..., :. :.
that - NJ, tn,.s a !. - 49, =.
/. i..,.s. 60. 49,. 80 ~. -
ineh.. trs., =. In ~ ,,.,s s.,S -
- & ircl,e. t,;s., !. -. =. -. ss..s,.
-. 81. 81
Q. what can b done = cou6sss
door to keep II hon dusttng1--A i.
A. The busting Of osmsnk Aoors n
very common. Costing II AOor with
| waterglass Or special cemsnt Aoo1
paint might remody The conditacu.
- ".
Wnas = IT, oe1ean q the sxpFes'
non x1heo ~ k1n0neoe 7--J. y.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-02
Beck to the PUG

$500 1900. =, ns.+.,.. go. en-,
u.,,o,s. rasn., -. rsss,r 49,,
*. np. ~ 1870 49,, .ant.n+,cr.
80. 49, ~. ~. 80. -. rr.,...
~ 1910, :. r~s.,sS 49,. ~
crs..sS rat.. ~. rsse,nS.1 sns ~.
c... 30. hsck - ~. prnI,. 1rt,,t,a.
rc,n,.,..,or for .,,h,n,..,a,, ~, opA
- .n,a.na. -. .S,aa ..'. -. .,as..,an =
.rv tr.nd - ~ ~,h;ct ~. r-ono..a
r.t.. n.v ,c-t.nan 49, ~ ~.
1880 ~. or,n,on =, ~. so,,-+ - v,t..
int.re.tinr rc.dh,,,t,.. - o,,t,..,.h
1nv a. rt.nc. ~. 80. .na 49,.
~ . =. rste sr.,,.s.. |. ,.,,...-,,,,.ts,,-
1an0 iSno : 49, - c1,.ts - ,no,t,,
far - 49,. !, - c1rn,,,,.r
su,ear,ns a ~. .,,1,n.-...,. -
ransement Justic. T.tt. ..,d ar
thin Z - 80 re.u,t a f.;r sra
honest iu6eyne,,t ana n. t..n to,,,,d
10 - ! 1900 vortahIe ana 800
nonnical' ni.r ,,ut = ,,,,.t ~, :.
snbiacte6 "a ! ta.t ~ ,,-.yicn.Iv
reonira6 = .T,,e. cc,r+ hnveve, 49,
ths noeatsn., th.t So ruasticr i. M
vhether nrler 40 .,sd,nr .c.le ~
creasn6 rafes v,nuld s. i,,stif,ed The
o,restaos, a. r,a,et,,er thase retes v,o,,ld
tend tnwara ,nfIation A. view AZ
rational rolicv - nrevent imitation.
And thia nuestion must include
eramin.tinn = the hes,c element.
entarirr into the alidinr .caIe aAnv
Advancement before October Z 1pl2
lacks public apnroval !. said the onin-
IAN. aand must i've Wv 10 congress
sionaI edicf. The basic principles az
the Advancement and other f.etora
vhieh inhere - the nuestinn ~ inf,a-
t,o,, ara ~ f.irne.. ana ,u.t,ce ~.
49,, ,o- d.4errr,r.t,crr
a.. - ~. 800. n,,n.,r,.. :, ~.
.,,s,r- -. $50 ,...,.r+ - 49,
..,.,sts.,. - 49, - $500 60
,,,,-,>,.s...na .n.t,..- ~ -. s.,,,..
q. - = 49,, ...,... . ..s = ~. = 49,.
-.,,,..ss. ~. us...- .. ~ c ss
.s.'-.s, .....r.s .L.1-.,..s.. IA. -
.I.--~ ..-S.~-S.As -. :. .~a 80
-. 49, 49, - -..... = ~s. s..,s-s
.nu ssas - - 4es11 - ~ 80. wsn
s ~ s.u :. .'o1.ss '1el1 = =
sss..e ~ s.a..s 49, s4.@1.e
ulen. = sa's - -. = ~
colhon 1N I'ns..ins .ne ala-
Aflsn cIens evioensiy =
t.1fown oveIAfo, wnhe the ques-
slons u vslossl0n ana Iese q retufn
s1e Ieopsneu.
wnAt Dl0uSns aDous tns sumng
scAls atfaneement ID the beginning,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-02

EvERYDODY'D COM nook - n
32-paes publication which tfsa1o ~
the origin and 6evo0opm9nt ~ Go1no, I
Of famous collection, q raye, curious,
and valuable pieces, Of strange cstsa
toms that surround their use. of hoW
values and prices are sstablialaed, and
OF how to start . collection. II = IN
interesting and most informative
booklet on the subject, and beginners
/ will ind 1t invaluable. To secure
your copy inclose 10 cents in cvin
wrapped In this clipping and mail to
The Star Information Bureau.
Name
Address
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-02

Hepe Proposed ~ "Weopen"
To Break Enemy Mefale.
TO TIE saisor Of II. Star:
Before throwing hundreds Of thou
sands Of American lives into invasion
of powerfully fortified Europe, should
we not make supreme effort to attain
our detectives through destruction Of
enemy morale?
The two great weapons Of morale are
hope and fear. Major smphasis has