davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-12-31
Constantine Br01Un

be the slightest attempt to prevent the
expulsion Of the monarchy from Italy
when the hour for It's departure comes.
The Allied observers are unanimous in
agreeing that whatever has been decided
by the Big Three in regard to the future
Of Italy will be accepted by the people.
The more than three years Of war have
obliterated all their fighting spirit. The
handful Of republicans who are strongly
supported by Communist minority will
have no trouble in organizing republic
when the Allies reach Rome.
Many Italians who are collaborating
with the Allied authorities point out
that even theology is undergoing revo-
luton. Attempts are being made to
urge many European countries to make
democracy synonymous with COM
munisn while nationalism is being
described as Fascism. Under these cir
cumstances, 1t is expected that the new
republican government in Italy eventu-
ally will become extremely democratic"
and that King Victor did not escape
what he feared most when he accepted
Fascism as an alternative to Com
munism in 1922.
The King and his "reactionary" en-
tourage have informed American and
British officers who keep in touch with
them that when the time for their exit
comes they need not worry about any
difficulties on their part.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-12-31
Frank K. Kent

dates. Each had twice as many dele
gates as he. Nearly all the effective
politicians in the party were in one or
the other OF their camps. Very few
were for Willkie. Most Of those against
him now were against him then.
~
Yet, in little more than a week, he
had won the nomination, and 1t is COM
plete bunk to assert that public-utility
packed galleries and bought delegations
were responsible for his nomination.
Those things just are not so, and no in
formed person who attended the con-
vention has ever thought they were.
Mr.. Willkie won that nomination single
handedly against what seemed preclu-
sive political opposition. He won it
because Of the very real public senti-
ment behind him and because for a
week he personally fought for it from
J o'clock in the morning until / o'clock
the next morning
That is more or less the way he Is
going after the 1914 nomination, snly
this time he started eight months in
advance to make his personal appeal
instead of few weeks. So, while it is
true that the present odds favor Mr..
Dewey, that the Willkie opposition is
strong and that the claims that he has
been stopped" have some foundation,
1t would be mistake to read Mr.. Willkie
out OF the race. He is-and will remain
"a formidable contender, who will not
be beaten until the last ballot-if then.
1t also should be remembered that much
of the bitterness toward Mr.. Willkie
and many of his enemies are the result
OF his aggressive fight to compel his
party to adopt an enlightened attitude
on foreign affairs. The success Of that
fight has been of benefit both to the
Republican party and the Nation.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-12-31
Dorothy Thompson

esses, and many half-baked theories al
lowed to experiment, the criticism still
belongs to techniques rather than ideas.
Far too much of the New Deal was
eleemosynary instead Of creative, but
many of its failures were due to compro-
misses that had to be made between
constructive programs and q blindly
bitter opposition.
In the postwar world, the issue OF
social Indignation of the productive
process-to abandon the DOGGY word
planning-versus the concept of
natural economic harmony" arising out
of the ruthless pursuit Of undiscipuned
interests, will be put up to the American
people not in the language of experts,
but in living reality. The question will
be jobs-not only for the present work.
ers, but for 100000 men in the armed
forces. The advocates Of laissez faire
offer a fervent hope, but bet against
themselves in the stock market the
moment peace rears her terrifying head.
Sooner or later the people will learn
that without far-reaching national and
international programs, Of daring con-
ception, the United States will not be
able to absorb or export her production
and therefore not able to employ her
population, and therefore again be
plunged into terrible depression, in the
midst of whole world that will have
departed from laissez faire.
The New Deal then will be too little
and too late. We shall have to go for
ward into far more fundamental think
ing, far more grandiose programs, and,
it Is to be hoped, with far greater
degree Of unity and sober realism than
we had before the war.
released by the Bell Syndicate. Ine)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-12-31

his full term as Governor, is met with
the statement that he cannot refuse II
genuinely drafted. No man, 1t Is con-
tended, Is big enough to do that, and
his pledge will not be a bar because of
the complete sincerity with which he
has discouraged all efforts in his behalf
for the Presidency.
Accordingly, Mr.. Dewey, rejected In
1910 when he personally promoted his
own candidacy, in the opinion of most
politicians, is now slated for a nom
nation to get which he has not-and
will not-llft a finger. The polls, in
which he consistently runs ahead, and
the situation generally will compel his
nomination. Such is the general idea,
but 1t leaves out of consideration two
pretty important factors. One is the
possibility that Mr.. Dewey may be
more sincere man than some of his
friends think: that having made that
unequivocal pledge and accompanied
1t with statement that no man was
ever drafted without conniving in the
draft, he may at the proper time take
steps to prevent the draft of himself.
X
This seems not to have occurred to
his associates, but it certainly is a
possibility. The other factor which is
being ignored by the Deweyites is the
capacity of Mr.. Willkie to make an up
hill fight. No one who had the chance
to observe him during the eight days
he was in Philadelphia before the 1910
convention will minimize that Mr..
Willkie Is no man to be easily pushed
aside in a fight He is the sort of man
who battles with all there is in him
clear to the finish and is never beaten
until the last bell is rung When he
arrived in Philadelphia in 1910 Mr.. Taft
and Mr.. Dewey were the leading candi-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-12-31

during the war. The New Deal was II,
attempt to make measure of planned
economy In America, interfering in that
process with the previous laissez faire
tradition. The war itself has established
an almost complete planned economy,
for the purpose of war production, and
the results have been miraculous. Nor
Is there any one of stature who believes
that this miracle could have been
achieved without an overall purpose
and plan to which industry was in
tegrated.
Overlooking the period from 1888 to
1943, we thus see prewar period of
lame and partial planning, conducted
under terrific opposition and with only
lame and partial results, and a war
period of total indignation in which
there have been tremendous results.
X
The postwar question will be whether
the lessons learned during the war are
to be scrapped in favor of a return to
economic laissez faire, or whether we
are to transform and then reintegrate
our economy to new peace purposes
under a new national plan The issue
OF free enterprise" is a red herring,
demanding definition of free" In
both periods industry remained in pri-
vate hands and was maintained and
f1ourished. What was demanded was
that free enterprise align itself with
national program and collaborate to
serve social purpose together with
government and labor. 1t has had to
accept obligations in return for rights.
If in this so-called revolutionary
process egregious mistakes have been
made, bureaucrats waxed arrogant, rules
and regulations been made by men who
knew too little about production proc
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-12-31
Red Army Drive

The hard-driving Red Army, from
all available Indications is ringing
out the old year with a crushing
defeat OF the German Ukrainian
forces under the command of Field
Marshal Fritz Won Mannstein.
General Nikolai Vatutin, the
Soviet commander, has broken
through the German line on a 1885,
mile front, capturing the important
communications center of Kazatin
and outfanking the vital German
base at zhitomir. This leaves the
Russians but forty-three miles from
the old Polish border, and there is
small reason to believe that the dis
organized Germans will prove ca
pable of preventing them from
reaching that goal.
At this stage, the extent of the
German disorganization is a matter
of speculation. Such evidence as is
at hand, however, suggests that Mar
shall Won Mannstein's army Is de-
moralized and may be facing a dis
aster as great or greater than Stain
grad. Eddy Gilmore, experienced
Associated Press reporter, intimates
in somewhat cryptic dispatch from
Moscow that the morale of the Ger
man troops is shot to pieces. The
Nazis, according to this reporter, are
paying the penalty for a major
blunder by Hitler when he ordered
the recent counteroffensive west of
Kiev. The Germans achieved some
gains In this drive, but it cost them
heavily in men and material, and
apparently they simply lack the
strength to meet the heavy counter
blows now being struck by the Rus
slams. Considerable support for this
view Is found in current German
radio broadcastS announcing the
break-through. These announce
ments speak Of heavy German losses,
immense" Russian reinforcements,
and advise the German people that
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-12-31

from which a Balkan or Aegean expe-
dition was to be launched.
His combat record in this war is varied
and excellent. He was in command of
the Army of the Nile under Gen. Sir
Archibald Wavell (now Field Marshal
Lord WavelD when the Italians under
the clustering Graziani were driven
headlong from Egypt and Cyrenaica
early in the war. He then commanded
the expedition to Greece, where he was
hopelessly outnumbered, but certainly
gave the Germans plenty of trouble in
proportion to the size of his force He
commanded the British-Free French
force which took over Syria from the
Vichyites. Subsequently he commanded
the Iran-Iraq command and finally
became commander in chief, Middle
Eastern forces, in which capacity he has
been engaged in training and preparing
the combined elements of land -air-sea
team which in due, course may be
launched against the Aegean islands or
into the Adriatic
He has had to learn to work, not only
with the British forces and with forces
of various Dominions australia, New
Zealand, India, South Africa, but also
with French, Polish and Greek troops,
the American 10th Air Force, and colo
NAL contingents from the Belgian
Congo. He has had to keep up good rela-
lions with the governments of Egypt,
Iraq, Iran and Trans-Jordan; he has
had the thorny Palestine troubles in
his lap every day, and he has had to
Juggle the delicate problems involved in
United Nations relations with our Greek
and Yugoslav Allies and our Turkish
quasi-allies. In these political contacts
he has, OF course, had the support and
cooperation Of the British Minister
Of State at Cairo Cuntil lately Richard
G. Casey, who will be remembered by
his many American friends as former
Australian Minister here) and American
diplomatic representatives. But even
the purely military end Of such job as
Jumbo" Wilson'S is by no means simple.
It is excellent preparation for the
problems which would lie before any
commander Of Allied forces who sought
to penetrate the seething caldron Of
trouble which is the Balkan peninsula.
We already have seen, in North Africa
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-12-31
Commando Raids

German official reports of two
recent British descents upon the
Channel Island of Sark. together
with similar descent upon an I'M
named spot on the French Channel
coast, emphasize the increasing fire.
quency and scope of such operations.
The assailants are in each case re-
ferred to as Commands. branch
of the armed services that has been
strikingly developed during the
present war
The term derives from the South
African War at the turn of the CEN
fury, between Britain and the Boer
republics. Though not subject to
military training and discipline in
the usual sense, the hardy Boer from
tiersmen were organized in militia
formations much like our Minute
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-12-31

to do SO. But who can say what other
crisis may develop in the last stages of
the war or in the period Immediately
following it? The world is, and will be,
turbulent enough to make sober and
informed President decide to cross his
bridges only when he comes to them.
X
Nor, II he runs, will he repudiate the
New Deal. The President was not re-
elected for a third term on his foreign
policy, but on his domestic policy, spe-
cifically on the issue of the New Deal,
and the sooner the Republican party
realizes that, the wiser will be their
behavior. The criticism of the New Deal
in the country is purely of its admins
tration, not of its purpose or basic
concept.
And the President is also correct in
saying that the New Deal Is no issue
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-12-31
Letters to The Star
Raises Question About Charges
OF Unions In Grocery Trade.

OF Unions In Grocery Trade.
To the Editor of The Star:
I read the letter Of r. M. Kiefer in
The Star for December 20, appealing for
women to work part time in grocery
stores, and it prompted me to tell you
this story, which believe is TYPICAL
My husband Is a plasterer-and a
good one. However, on very cold days
and very rainy days it is impossible
for them to work Sometimes also
they catch up" and he must lay off.
Near us, as 1t happens, there are two
chain grocery stores badly in need of
help. My husband offered his services.
The managers said they could use him,
but definitely he must join the union.
So he went to union headquarters to
inquire. The people there made the
same statement, adding that the union
initiation fee would be more than he
would earn in a week-about 500. An
extra 81 weekly for dues likewise was
demanded
Now I ask you: Why should he pay
$29 plus So to union when he actu-
ally would not make more than $24 for
a full week if he worked full week?
Why should women put out that much
when they would work only part time?
1t seems to me that If they need work.
ers so badly, they could do something
to take care OF those who really want
to respond to their appeals.
READER.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-12-31

for the present there can be no CUES
ton "of straight or well-defined
fronts in the Kiev region" This
sounds very much as though the
people were being prepared for news
of a disorderly retreat, If not rout.
All OF this bespeaks anything but
a happy new year for Hitler and his
cohorts. For this fresh crisis in the
east comes on the eve of the long
awaited invasion from the west, and
at a time when the air assault on
Germany is sweeping to a furious
climax. The structure of Naziism
is tottering, and Hitler knows it.
With little luck and a lot Of fight
Ing, the year 1914 will see the passing
OF Der Fuehrer.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-12-31

less contemptuously showed him aside.
This time, when he is not a candidate
at all, they appear bent upon drafting
him. There are several perfectly clear
reasons for this. One Is the greatly
increased political stature of Mr.. Dewey
due, partly, to the fact that he is the
first Republican to carry the indispensa-
BILE State Of New York in 20 years; and
partly to the excellent record he has
made as Governor in the past IS months.
Another reason is the belief that he
would make a more effective fight
against Mr.. Roosevelt than any one
else. A third is the strong distaste per-
sonal and political, of many Republi-
can leaders for Mr.. Willkie and their
feeling that the only way to beat him
in the convention is with Gov. Dewey
The fact that the latter has, privately
and publicly, pledged himself not TO
seek the Presidency but to serve out
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-12-31

and Italy the political difficulties which
beset military advance in new terri
tory. The political difficulties are in
separable from military offensive.
which, if it is successful, must inevitably
bring about political changes. These
political problems cannot all be left
until they can be dealt with by foreign
Office or State Department experts; to
many OF them, the answers must be-
found, at least Professionally, by the
military commander and found at once.
In this respect, no available British
or American general officer could be
as well qualified to face the problems
OF the Balkans as Sir Henry Maitland
Wilson.
Therefore the fact OF his appointment
to the Mediterranean command does
suggest once more a turning of strate-
gical interest away from Italy and to-
ward the Balkans. Were Italy to remain
the center Of our Mediterranean in
terest, Gen. Alexander would be better
qualified for the Job.
Copyright, 1913. New York Tribune, Inc)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-12-31
The End Of q LEGEND
From the Manchester Guardian.

1900 ''~ ~~~ASssSA SunIulan
What We are witnessing II not only
the defeat Of an army, but the destruc-
ton OF legend-the legend Of German
military genius. The Germans are being
overcome not simply by the weight Of
superior numbers and equipment
though to create this Is . measure Of
professional superiority-but by better
generalship. On modest scale Alex
ander and Montgomery showed In North
Africa that they could master the art
OF war more quickly and not less well
than the pick of the German COM
manders. On a gigantic scale host Of
Russian generals are outmaneuvering
and their troops are outfighting the best
that the Germans can present. Before
this war no British or American general
had handled more than a division Of
troops, and the Russians had to rebuild
entire their army from the detritus of
chaos and defeat Nothing so inspires
soldiers to victory as the consciousness
Of superiority In their leaders and
themselves. That consciousness has
passed from the Germans to the Allies,
and the change announces the hour Of
decision.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-12-31
New Year Eve in the Forest

rms is a testiue night. In forest halls
nature mas lit her mammoth chan
delierS,
Polished her floors to glassiness, draped
rock-1Ualls
with metal-cloth, dressed pines and
frs like peers
IN coronets and long, t1htte Delpet
trains,
Clad SHRUBS In crinoline- skirted dancing
trocks,
Ordered feast prepared from nuts
and grains,
Roots and berries In her cellar-stocks.
Her moon-elues. as on summer NIGHTS.
DAl play
0nt1 the sun announces NetD Year Day.
SUDH STUART HAoER.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-12-31
New Year

Nothing but an imaginary line
divides one year from another, but
the theory OF a fresh start, never
theless, remains dear to millions of
people. They like to think of a given
period OF time as being finished and
completed-a closed book In the
history Of the human race. 1t
pleases them, too, to look forward
into a calendar epoch much as a.
traveller, standing at the brow of a
lofty hill, gazes down into a valley
as yet strange to him-an experience
IN his journey from which he hopes
for certain measure of happiness.
Americas entry into 1914, it seems,
is characterized by appreciation of
1913. The year now closing was good
to the great cause to which the
United States Is dedicated. Ameri-
can soldiers, sailors and airmen
have won victories on both sides of
the globe. Their achievement was
the more notable because it was
accomplished in the face of the
stubborn resistance OF the enemy.
Only men of stern courage and
jealous valor could have taken
Salerno and Tarawa and San Pietro.
The promise of complete and final
triumph Is to be found in the proved
capacity Of Americans in arms to
meet the bitter ordeal OF modern
battle.
Many strategic moral gains also
have been registered to the credit
OF the United States and it's Allies
In the past twelve months. The
conferences at Quebec and Cairo
and Teheran especially have
strengthened the confidence of
multitudes of plain citizens in the
high ethical and social purposes for
which the war is being fought. A
vision OF the earth made free of
conflict, distrust, fear and greed Is
being developed in terms not merely
OF dreams, but definitely OF fulfill
ment.
There have been losses, of course
sacrifices which in the circum-
stances could not be avoided. Whole
cities have been destroyed in the
campaign against the Nazi masters
OF Germany. The flyers who did
that work had no pleasure in it
only the conviction that they might
shorten the strife nerved them to
the. task. The results unquestion-
ably have justified them. Mean
while, the fortunes of war have been
turned against the Japanese in the
Pacific. During 1943 the minions of
the Mikado have paid a costly price
for the temporary empire" they
seized In 1912.
When the whole tremendous
global struggle will terminate no one
can tell. The end, however, will be
fastened in the ratio of Americas
devotion to duty. If the people of
the United States are prepared to
exert their utmost strength during
1914 they may have their reward
before another New Year Day. The
alternative would be an inconceiv-
able betrayal of the heroic dead. At
this moment, as in the crisis of the
First War a quarter OF a century ago,
1.-THE command Is: 'Forward!'"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-12-31

suggesting that the
term New Deal be
dropped for the du-
ration was a bid for
a fourth term.
1t is my belief that
the President knows
no more than you or
I whether he is going
to run again. He
certainly will run if
he thinks the gen.
eral situation re-
quires it; for in
stance, If the Euro
pean war is not over,
for it will be his duty
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-12-31

Dewey for the Pres
idency. The betting
odds favor him and
the polls Of public
opinion indicate him
as the choice.
1t Is a stran z e
state OF affairs, the
like of which no
polit ical observer
can recall. For eX-
ample, four years
ago when Mr.. Dewey
was a hot candidate
and eager for the
nomination, the Re-
publicans more or
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-12-31

CdllCS. Nldliy W.
servers were sur
prised that this COM
mand was not given
to Gen. Sir Harold
R. L. G. Alexander,
who has so greatly
distinguished h i m =
self in Tunisia and
Italy. Instead, Gen
Alexander continues
to be Allied COM
mander in ~
under the general
command of Gen
Wilson.
Con Wilson, ic nj
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-12-31

into political exile in
the near future.
They have been
given to understand
that as soon as the
Allies reach Rome,
the House of Savoy
will be removed and
a republic established
in liberated Italy.
The matter Is said
to have been def
nitely settled and
there seems to be no
doubt that the days
of royalty in Italy
ava yo,tvy,