davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-01-07
Every Registrant Declared
Entitled 10 Draft Appeal
BY the Associated Press

BY the Associated Press.
Maj. Gen. Lewis B. Hershey, &C.
lective service director, says every
draft registrant, regardless of his
creed, belief or nationality" Is en-
titled to full benefits of the selec-
tive services appeal procedure, and
that each case must be Judged on
Its own merit.
That comment was made In a
statement issued yesterday "in re-
sponse to reports that % members
of the Moral Rearmament Move
ment are seeking occupational de-
ferment from military service be-
cause of their work in putting on
plays and skits, which they claim
promote morale"
Gen. Hershey said that "any as
sertions that blanket deferment of
Moral Rearmament members was
contemplated or could be granted
were predicated upon error, mas
much as the Selective Training and
Service Act strictly prohibits de-
ferments by groups"
1T has come to my attention that
certain members of the Moral Re-
armament Movement are reported as
seeking occupational classification
on the basis of their work" Gen,
Hershey said. II make no indorse-
ment Of the work or policies of
this movement I will say. however
that every registrant is entitled to
the full benefits of the right of
appeal to the selective system
whether he be member of the
Moral Rearmament Movement or
any other movement"
Evening star., 1943-01-07

game and the sky is the limit in
popular enthusiasm for it. Whether
the battleship builders are right or
not, that makes their position
tougher to defend.
But it isn't safe for ordinary
householders to barge in and take
part where the air experts and the
battleship defenders are throwing
their weight around in fiery argu-
ment. It's easy to figure that, for
the same money and in less time,
we could have four or five hundred
bombing planes instead of one big
battleship. And four or five hun
dred bombing planes could not be
disabled or destroyed by a few enc
my shots such as might ruin q
battleship.
Five Skins on Battleship.
But that's Just the start Of the
argument. Battleships are be-
ing braced for bomb attacks. The
sailor fears torpedoes more than
bombs anyway, and this includes
torpedoes launched from planes.
But the battleship is being braced
against torpedoes, too. Modern
battleships have AS many as five
skins" and some are further fitted
with "bulges" and other devices to
ward off torpedo damage
Doubtless the topsides of the
battleships of the future will have
a different design due to the ever
increasing threat Of damage from
the air-but probably the ships of
the air will show Improvements too.
1t may be argued that planes now
drop much heavier projectiles than
any battleship can throw, but the
weight of a projectile is not the
only important factor when the tar
get is reached. Penetration is i'm
portant. An important element in
depth of penetration is the velocity
of the projectile at the moment Of
impact. Shells thrown from the 16-
inch guns of battleships have a
much greater velocity-even at ex-
treme range-than the terminal We
locity of the best bombs now being
dropped from big planes.
The air experts and the old
battleship boys throw figures, equa-
tions, graphs, working drawings,
naval and air losses, fire-power
poundage, maintenance and re-
placement values. attack and de-
fense, qualities, tactics and strategy
and all the laws of mathematics,
physics and chemistry into the de-
bate when they get going.
A rash intruder moving into the
line Of fire might be felled to the
ground by law of physics sudden
ly penetrating his brain.
Evening star., 1943-01-07
Saving Of Zinc Stressed
In Talk at Ad Club

Importance of conserving zinc In
advertising use was emphasized yes
terday by Samuel H. Kaufman, as
sistant business manager of The
Evening Star Newspaper Co.. in an
address at meeting of the Ad-
vertising Club OF Washington in the
Raleigh Hotel.
Mr.. Kaufman, chairman of the
clubs Conservation Committee, out
lined the steps already taken and
proposed for the future to keep zinc
consumption within the reductions
ordered by the War Production
Board.
James w. Hardey, advertising
manager of Woodward & Lothrop,
chairman of the District of Colum-
bia War Savings Committee, spoke
on the current campaign to buy War
savings stamps and convert them
into War bonds
Louis D. Krakow, president of the
club, opened the meeting with an
address on the 25th anniversary
year of the clubs founding.
Fred w. Ensey, vice president and
advertising manager of the McCor-
mick Sales Co.. Baltimore, a guest
at the meeting, stressed the i'm
portance of continued advertising
to keep names before the consuming
public.
Charles J. Columbus, the secre-
tary, read a list Of II Advertising
Club members who have gone into
the military service.
Evening star., 1943-01-07
City-Wide Conference
On Physical Fitness
To Be Held bye. W.U.
Representatives Of locuI
Schools, Colleges to
Meet Jonuory 1916

George Washington University an
nounced yesterday its physical edu-
cation department would sponsor a
city-wide physical fitness confer
ence here January 1916.
Teachers and supervisors of recre-
alton and exercise from public and
parochial schools, colleges, the recre-
alton department and civic organiza-
tions are expected to attend, accord
ing to John Busick, director of ath-
letics at the university.
Physical education fitness direc-
tors from the armed services will
speak at the opening meeting. jan
uary Is, at the university Hall of
Government. The next day, Satur-
day, the conference will move out
to Roosevelt High School for
speeches by United States ONCE Of
Education experts and for practical
demonstrations in the afternoon.
Will Show New Methods.
Miss Harriet Atwell director of
the women's physical education de-
partment, and William H. Myers,
associate professor of physical edu-
cation, are cooperating on plans for
the conference. Advising them are
Milo F. christensen, recreation su-
perintendent; Hardy Pearce, director
OF physical education in the schools,
and Max harrington of the Metro
politan Police Boys Clubs.
Mr.. Busick said the conference Is
designed to reach those responsible
Evening star., 1943-01-07
Preliminary Talks
On Reconstruction
OF Europe Seen NeaI
SchoenfeId and British
Ambassador to Russiu
Reach United States
BY BLAIR BOLLES.

Consultation among high officials
OF the United States, Great Britain
and Russia seeking a preliminary
understanding on European recon-
struction was said to be in prospect
today as the American Minister to
Finland, Arthur Schoenfeld. and
the British Ambassador to Russia
Sir Archibald Clark Kerr, arrived in
this country.
The hope and chief interest Of the
American and British governments
in this matter is said to be that the
Russians will refrain from pressing
for any particular sort of political
settlement in any specified area
such as the Baltic States or Poland
until hostilities have ceased. The
American Government consistently
has said that territorial arrange
ments must remain in abeyance
until the war is over.
Mr.. Schoenfeld, returning to re-
port on the attitude of the Finnish
government, it is said, has reached
New York and is expected to come
here at once. Sir Archibald also
is in New York. The British In.
formation Services said he was ex.
pected to come to Washington un-
officially for a short stay.
The Soviet government indirectly
has been pressing the United States
to break off with Finland, whose
armies occupy part of the north
ern Soviet territory. Mr.. Schoen-
field is said to be bringing with him
the authentic version of what hap
pened in the Japanese Legation
in Helsinki December 8. According
to a report by the Office of War
Information, the Finnish premier
applauded motion pictures showing
the Japanese attack on Pear.
Harbor.
The political influence of the
Soviets within Europe is said to be
demonstrated already, before the
time for an Allied invasion o1
Europe is ripe, In the activities OF
the partisans in Yugoslavia and OF
similar groups in Poland. The Soviet
armies are approaching the Baltic
Evening star., 1943-01-07

for physical fitness and to acquaint
them fully with the latest recon-
mendations made by the once of
Education on the teaching of
physical education. Similar confer
ences have been sponsored by the
Office of Education in other sections
Of the country. None has been held
here, however, although the Office
Of Civilian Defense suggested hold
ing one in 1941 and Harry S. Wen
der. chairman of the Board of Rec
reation, suggested holding one last
fall.
Tunney to Speak.
Speakers from the services on
Friday night. January Is, at pm,
will be Comdr. Thomas Hamilton,
U. S. NJ, and Comdr. Gene Tunney,
U. S. N. R.; 1t. Col. Theodore Bank,
U. S. A., and James E. Pixlee, direc-
tor of physical training of the
United States Army Air Forces.
Representatives from the WAACS
and WAVES also will appear, Mr..
Busick said.
Before practical demonstrations
are given in the boys and girls
gymnaSiums at Roosevelt on Satur-
day, the Office of Education's latest
manual on physical fitness will be
discussed by DR.. Jackson Sharman.
principal specialist in physical fit
ness, and Miss Dorothy La Sale,
specialist In fitness.
Evening star., 1943-01-07
Kaiser Emissions Auto
50 Per Cent Lighter
For Postwar Use
ShipbuiIder Says He'll
Make 1t if Regular
Manufacturers Don't
BY the Associated Press.

by tne Associated Press.
NEW YORK, Jan. THE post
war United States will need a lighter,
cheaper automobile, Shipbuilder
Henry J. Kaiser says-and If the
regular manufacturers don't pre-
pare to make it, he adds, he will.
mo mater how much talking we
do" he said yesterday, 'the only
way we can nave prosperity after
the war is by making employment
and that's the Job of private in
dustry."
Sees Lighter Car Needed.
He said he came here to plan
some Of my own projects by con-
ferring with engineers, designers,
industrialists and a few Federal
Government people" and declared: ::
For one thing the country needs
lighter, cheaper automobile, an
auto at least nalf as light in weight
as anything on the road now. The
price probably couldn't be cut in
half but it could be cut way down.
And if the regular auto manufac-
turers don't get ready to make such
a car, somebody else will"
Smiling he said he would be the
somebody else"
Mr.. Kaiser said details of his post
war production plans still were
vague in spots, but asserted that
peacetime ships and planes were
probably the biggest items on his
agenda.
Believes Nothing Impossible
Asked if the current scope of his
after-the-war plans indicated that
he believed in speedy end Of the
conflict. he replied:
Il don't know about that. but
right now it's almost too late to
begin planning things properly for
after the war. But, remember
you're talking to man who be-
lieves that nothing is impossible
nothing"
Evening star., 1943-01-07
Mrs. Roosevelt Donates
Books for Mountain Folk
BY the Associated Press

BY the Associated Press.
JASPER, Ark. Jan. 7.-TWilight
Ted's Wilderness Library atop Mount
Sherman in the Ozarks got its 1943
drive for books for the mountain
folk of to good start.
Mrs. Roosevelt, wife of the Presi-
dent, sent 36 new volumes.
The library was established in 1882
by Twilight Ted-James Theodore
Richmond - with a Bible and six
books. The Bible was Mr.. Rich
monds, the six books were donated
by Editor Jay Milan of the Jasper
1nformer. Now it has approximately
10000 volumes. The library is
housed in Richmond's cabin.
Books named in recent requests
by the mountain readers included
Gone With the Wind" and A. Hit
ler's "Mein Kampf," Mr.. Richmond
said.
Evening star., 1943-01-07

mendable, but the judgement may
be bad. It's better to let doctor
handle a surgical operation with
out advice from the patients law
yer. The man who is paying the
freight isn't the one to tell the
engineer which levers to pull in the
locomotive cab to take the freight
to its destination.
If we become convinced that a
doctor, a lawyer, plumber or a
cook is incompetent, we are at
liberty to make change. But as
long as they are on the job mex
pert advice from the sidelines US
ually Is more of hindrance than
a help.
We aren't competent to tell a
shoemaker how to make pair OF
shoes for us But If the shoe
pinches, we can get another shoe
maker. We can do things like that
In the military line, too. In fact,
1t is done frequently by all warning
nations.
Since this war started, the old
line admirals--real ones from the
rolling seas-have been under
attack from the air force enthus-
lasts, It's the modern debate OF
the big bomber against the bulky
battlewagon of the seas. Maj.
Alexander de Seversky, Maj. AL Will
liams and other air experts have
been dropping their verbal bombs
on the desks of salty old sea dogs
who still insist that the battleShlp
is the queen of the sea and the
ruler of the oceanic lines of supply.
The bristling old sea dogs have
fred back with telling ef1ect at
some points, too.
Strictly for Experts.
It's a good argument, but strictly
for experts. For non-experts, which
means most of us, the best thing
to 90 is to watch with interest but
keep out of the line of fire. That's
hard to do because the airplane is
the new toy Of civilization as well
as q deadly weapon IN war.
For many centuries the idea OF
a flying machine enchanted the
Imagination. Now the plane cap
lures the eye. Who doesn't look up
every time a plane is heard soaring
overhead?
The youngsters Of this generation
glance aloft and recognize types OF
planes In a jiffy just as the young
sters Of 40 years ago called of the
names Of autos as the different
makes and models came rolling
along the road. Flying Is the new
Evening star., 1943-01-07

state OF Latvia as a result Of their
victory in the Velikie Luki region,
and the question of the nature OF
the future in the Baltic countries is
becoming a matter of moment.
While the background of the Yu-
goslav partisan movement is COM
plicated and has its origins in many
purely local issues, it is considered
also to represent the Soviet theology
at work. There is some fear that
Europe will be plunged into chaos
If some agreement is not reached in
advance among the three major
powers fighting on the Western
Hemisphere front.
Evening star., 1943-01-07
Grew Declares Allies
Should Press Drive
Against Japs Now
Declares Allies Cunnot
Afford to Await Nazi
Defect for Drive

The United Nations cannot afford
to let a positive attack" against
Japan await the defeat of Hitler. in
the opinion of Joseph c. Grew. last
United States Ambassador to Japan.
There is no short cut" to victory
over Japan, Mr.. Grew asserted in
speech at Philadelphia last night,
adding that il We do not fight Japan
"at our very hardest" and fight
now" the war may be indefinitely
and unnecessarily prolonged"
The text Of Mr.. Crews address,
strongly supporting warnings from
China and other sources that the
concentration Uf allied effort against
Germany should not be allowed to
distract attention from the Pacific,
was made available at the State
Department.
IF we think that the defeat of
Hitler will be followed by a simple
war in whicn Japan can be de-
stroyed, almost as an afterthought,
we are aiding Japan's psychological
strategy" he declared.
Sees Enemy Winning Time"
Mr.. Grew said the Japanese are
counting on gaining enough time
to make their position invincible by
consolidating the gains they already
have won in the Pacific, and pointed
out that they ARE still winning
time"
I'VE must" he declared. combine
our denial of time to Hitler with
denial of time to Japan. We
cannot wait. We cannot afford in
decision, or disunity or vain debate.
We have started the counterattack
on Hitler. We must maintain this
counterattack and move inevitably
toward the doom of Japan"
Emphasizing the importance OF
unity and sacrifice on the home
front" Mr.. Grew said it was on this
front that the Japanese thought
they would defeat us.
THE Japanese did not count on
| defeating the American Army and
Navy as SUCH" he added. They
counted on our ignorance OF the
Far East and on what they con-
| sidered our national selfshness to
make us give up.
AT this moment, Japan is count
ing on our getting discouraged.
Japan is counting on our ouarreling
with one another over rations, over
wages and hours, over strikes-on
each of us to hold back and delay
the American war effort long enough
for Japan to consolidate her poten-
tial invincibility."
Foresees peace" Offer.
He warned that Japan expects "at
the least to consolidate "her al
ready enormous victories by offering
us peace which will gloss over
our defeats In the Far East" in the
event of deadlock" in the Pacific
War.
IF we think we have a major
victory when we have succeeded in
stopping the Japanese, we are help
ing Japan he added.
Mr.. Grew pointed out that eco
nomically the "so-called Greater
East Asia" contains everything
which great power needs, and said
IF Japan could achieve the i'm
possible-if Japan could defeat in
domitable China, organize her hold
ings, consolidate her position, Japan
not Germany, not Britain, not
Russia, not ourselves-Japan could
become the strongest power in the
world
I'VE cannot accept an armistice
or stalemate-for the hours are with
Japan, not US"
Evening star., 1943-01-07
Briton Says Rockets
Speed Take-off Of
Junkers SO Bombers
G. 6. Grey, Authority on
Aircraft, Also Says
Russiu Uses Principle
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, Jan. IA British
aircraft authority said today that
rockets were used at the take-off of
the German Junkers 88 medium
bombers to give quick acceleration.
Writing in the annual review is
sue Of Iron Age, steel trade jour-
nal, G. G. Grey, well known in the
British aviation field, said such
rocket propelled starts had been
used for two years.
Mr.. Grey quoted an escaped
Dutch flyer as saying that "few
things are more terrifying than to
see a heavily loaded bomber full
of bombs and gasoline taking of
at night with huge rocket blaz-
Ing under each wing and knowing
that If one engine cuts, the whole
thing will turn over and 60 up In
one burst of fame"
Russians Employ Rockets.
The author also reported that
rockets were being used in another
way by Russians. He said that two
or three rocket bombs for ground
attack were carried under each wing
OF the new Stormovik bomber
fighter.
The bombs are carried on rails
instead Of normal bomb racks. They
are fired electrically and are given
their direction by sliding along the
rails. This. he added, with their
rocket propulsion, carries them more
nearly in a straight line with the
course of the plane than If they
were ordinary bombs.
Mr.. Grey asserted that the big, 4
engine Focke-Wulf Kurriers, which
have been marrying Atlantic con-
voys, start their trips from q big
alrdrome near Bordeaux in South
ern France. They fly out around
Ireland, up to Iceland and thence
to Norway, where they have a run
way something over 2 miles long.
from which they take off and fly
on the reverse course.
Ships Launch Hurricanes.
To combat the Kurriers, Mr.. Grey
said, the British have been cata-
putting Hurricanes from the decks
of big merchant ships. If Hurri-
cane alighted on the water, how
ever. it invariably turned over on
its nose and killed or drowned the
pilot. so the pilots took to bailing
out with their parachutes after
shooting down or chasing of the
enemy.
In spite Of the fact that each
such engagement meant the loss Of
a Hurricane, the method has stop
ped Kurrier depredations, Mr.. Grey
said.
Evening star., 1943-01-07
U. S. Highway Offices
To Open in Edmonton
BY the AsxociatHd press

BY the Associated Press.
EDMONTON, Alta, Jan. dis
trict head Offices for the Alaska
Highway are being opened in Ed
monton Immediately by the United
States Public Roads Administration
functioning under the general ad-
ministrative direction of Col. Theo-
dore Wyman, United States division
al engineer, it was announced yes
terday.
]. S. Bright, who is expected to ar
rive shortly from Washington, will
be district engineer in charge. A
staff of between 40. and so persons,
including engineers and clerks, will
be at headquarters here.
Evening star., 1943-01-07
Munda Used by Japs
To Cover Attempt 10
Supply Guada|cana|
Fleet Of Zeros Sent
From Field to Escort
Group Of Destroyers
BY WILLIAM NIPPLE,

ASSoSioecd 1iCcS war correspondents
GUADALCANAL, Jan. 3 De-
layeO.-The Japs made the frst
effective use yesterday of their new
Munda airfield on New Georgia
Island, sending a fleet of Zeros from
there to escort 10 destroyers which
tried with little success to reinforce
and supply the enemy's troops on
Guadalcanal.
The Zeros, outnumbering the
Grumman Wildcat fighter planes
which were sent out with dive bomb
ers from the Americans Henderson
Field on Guadalcanal to intercept
the destroyers, shot down two Grum-
mans and wounded the pilot OF an
other. One Zero was lost.
(Munda, in the Central Solo,
mons, has been raided repeatedly
since scouts discovered some time
ago that an airfleld was being
built there, and on January 5,
after Mr.. Nipples dispatch was
written and perhaps as a result
OF the facts it relates, the field
was bomberded heavily by a force
OF naval surface vessels)
Two Destroyers Seriously Damaxed.
Two OF the 10 destroyers were
damaged seriously. The approach
ing enemy units first were sighted
by Flying Fortresses yesterday after
noon while they were still some 24o
miles northwest of Guadalcanal.
The destroyers threw up a heavy
curtain OF anti-aircraft fire, spread
and twisted, so that our Fortresses
were unable to bomb them success
fully.
CAT this time, presumably, the
air escort from Munda had not
yet joined the enemy surface
units.)
Douglas Dauntless divebombers
then attacked at pm, scoring hits
on two destroyers and a near miss
on another. The remaining ships
continued toward Guadalcanal un-
der cover Of darkness, coming in
close to Cape Esperance. 1t is be-
lieved the Japs unloaded some troop
relnforcements but most of the food
supplies were dumped oversize. in
the hope they would drift into
shore.
Japs Aided BY Flying Boats.
Motor torpedo (PT) boats at
tackled and harassed the enemv
ships, but results were not observed
The Japs were aided additionally
by 10 flying boats which formed a
protective patrol.
Navy Department commune
ques released January and 4
also told Of the divebombers'
success against two of the de-
stroyers and credited PIT boats
with one torpedo hit on one and
three possible hits on two others
OF the eight remaining ships.
Secretary Knox said January 5
that torpedo boats also riddled
and sunk many of the drums of
supplies put out by the de-
stroyers to float ashore)
The Jap flying boats also dropped
several bombs in the vicinity of
Henderson Field before last mid
night, but no damage was reported
AS we huddled in dark, mud filled
dugouts, we heard the bombs ex-
plode. We also heard naval gun
flre-undoubtedly the enemy de-
stroyers firing on the PIT boats. The
destroyers eventually retired under
cover Of darkness.
Early today United States fighter
planes strafed and set fire with in
cendiaries to large amount OF the
Jap supplies which had washed
ashore at the northwest tip of
Guadalcanal.
Evening star., 1943-01-07
President Stages
Birthday Party
|For Royburn
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press
Speaker Rayburn went to the
White House yesterday for "a con-
ference" and found out that the
Chief Executive had arranged a
surprise party for Mr.. Rayburn' s
61st birthday anniversary.
After greeting him, Mr.. Roose-
velt pressed a button. In rushed a
crowd of Mr.. Rayburns congress
sional friends.
The President gave me this hat"
Mr.. Rayburn told reporters later,
swinging bandbox, land recalled
that President (Theodore) Roose-
velt once said that when people
come to Washington some grow and
others swell. And the President gave
me this hat to show that I haven't
swelled. It's the same size 1 wore
when first came to Washington. !"
A dollar a day keeps the Axis
away-if put into War Bonds.
Evening star., 1943-01-07
Bill Would Lower AGE
Of WAACS and WAVES

Proposal to lower the entrance
age into the WAACS from 81 to 18
and from 20 to l8 in the WAVES
is made in bill introduced in the
House yesterday by Representa-
tive Dirksen, Republican, of Illi-
nois. Several reasons dictate this
proposal, he said
Since the Selective Service Act
was amended to include men at the
age Of 49," he continued. "the en-
trance age for the auxiliary serv-
ices should be brought into line"