davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-05-24
BELGIUM BOMBED
BY RAF RAIDERS
Germans Retaliate By Hit
ting Well Known Eng
lish Coastal Town

LONDON, May 23.-R-Belgian
coke ovens at Zeebrugge were
bombed without loss today by the
RAF and the Germans retaliated
sharply with a strafing and ex-
plosive raid on well known Eng
lish town on the southeast coast,
inflicting heavy casualties.
Venturas, escorted by Spitfires,
raided Zeebrugge,~ which lies al
the mouth of the Bruges canal.
Raj Whirlwinds and Spitfires
attacked enemy shipping in the
channel, railway yards and loco.
motives in northern France.
Pilots said several German sail.
ors were thrown into the air by
a direct hit on tanker found
steaming between the channel is
lands Of Guernsey and Herm. An
armed trawler and another enemy
vessel were damaged.
The raid on England was con-
Quoted by ten fighter-bombers
which swooped down to rooftop
level from low hanging clouds at
lunchtime, bombing and machine
cunning business and residential
districts of the coastal town. One
bomb hit a crowded salon direct
ly, and fire added to the devasta-
ton. All inside were believed to
have died.
Several residents were wounded
by machine-gun fire. Children
were among the victims.
Three Of the hit-and-run raiders
which attacked the coastal town
were shot down and another on
the south coast was destroyed, the
Air Ministry said.
Two hotels, four other saloons,
a number of shops and houses
were struck by bombs. Hours
later, rescue squads still were dig
ging the ruins for trapped per-
sons.
Nearly 100 people in hotel had
narrow escape when a bomb
crashed through the roof of an ad-
joining building before exploding.
Casualties also were believed
heavy at the south coast town
where hotels, stores and two
churches were bombed. Home
guards, police and civilians dug
into the rubble for trapped vic
tins.
The steeple of one bombed
church was sent hurtling to the
street which was empty. No one
was hurt.
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-05-24

NORTH CAROLINA: Continued cool
with slight drfzzle
eastern Standard Time)
(By U. S. Weather Bureau)
Meteorological data for the "a hours
ending 1880 p. M, yesterday.
Temperature
80 a. M, g.; 1880 a. M, 81; 1870
p M, 10; 1880 p. M, 70.
Maximum u; minimum So; mean e5;
normal 73.
Humidity
1870 a. M, 73; 1880 a. m., 70; / 80 p.
M, Sc; 1880 p. M, 66
Precipitation
Total for the "a hours ending 7:30
p M, 0.01 inches.
Total since the first of the month,
2.51 inches.
Tides For Today
From the Tide Tables published by
U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey.)
High Low
Wilmington -------------- s2:17 a 6.4s a
Masonboro Inlet -------- II 81 5:26
Sunrise, 5:04 a. M, Sunset 7:13 p.
M; Moonrise, -; Moonset, 9:52a.
Cape Fear River stage at Fayette-
willie on Sunday at a. M, 1908 feet.
Continued on Page Five: Col. 81
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-05-24

But starting at midnight tonight,
the users of 'T'' gasoline rations
books (buses, trucks and taxicabs)
will have to begin to stretch their
gasoline. The validity of the third
quarter ''T'' coupons, beginning
tomorrow, will extend to July 26.
Previously fourth quarter coupons
were due to become effective July
l.
The commercial vehicle opera
tors themselves will have to de-
eide how they spread out the use
of their gasoline - by curtailing
the mileage of each vehicle or
using fewer vehicles.
Taxicab operating companies
were among those expressing the
greatest concern over the effect
of the curtailment of fuel. In many
of the nations big cities, cab COM
panies already had trimmed op-
erations in compliance with pre-
vious requests from war agencies
and their spokesmen said the new
cut will create serious problems
both in serving the public and in
employment.
In the past, when reductions
were made in the gasoline allow
ed private drivers, the Office of
Price Administration and other
agencies have complained that
some of the pleasure driving thus
eliminated from that field has
been transferred to taxicabs used
by persons for going to theaters,
night spots and sports.
When the new crises in gaso-
line arose. the OPA fatty refus-
ed to order any additional re-
strictions on users of A, B and c
cards, contending that the renew
ed ban on Easter pleasure driv-
ing, even for A card holders, had
squeezed out virtually all waste
by private drivers and that any
(Continued on Page Two: Col. u
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-05-24

willing to give permission for the
traffic.
Gray told the story of American
railroaders who wear uniforms and
bear military titles but are or
ganized along the patten of any
major American railroad.
To the Army the commander OF
railroad battalion is a lieuten-
ant colonel, but to Gray and every
one else in the military railway
service he is a division superln-
tendent.
Under him is company OF
maintenance-of-Way men, a COM
pany of shop workers and an op-
Grafton company which on Army
lists appears as 325 men but which
actually is made up OF 50 train
crews.
In cooperation with British rail-
road experts and French function.
aries this organization is making
the railroads Of all North Africa
work steadily and smoothly in the
hauling of enormous quantities Of
war materials.
I'VE place the whole emphasis
on being railroad men," Gray ex.
planned. 1--WE are soldier rail.
CONTINUED on Page Two; Col. 81.
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-05-24
u. S. CAN HIT FOE
Enemy Raid In Aleutians
Proves Chance OF Am
erican Moves
ENEMY BASES MENACED
Airfields In Kuriles Chain
To Be Within Easy
Reach OF Yanks

WASHINGTON, May 23.-
R-Proof that American
bombers can fly out of the
Aleutians to batter Japanese
bases near the homeland ap-
parently was given today by
the Japanese themselves.
It was provided - in re-
verse order - in an unsuc-
cessful raid by Is twin-engin-
ed Japanese bombers on two
U. S. naval units operating
off Attu at the western end
of the Aleutians chain.
Origin Not Disclosed
The Navy, reporting the attack,
did not disclose whence the enc.
nv bombers presumably started
their unsuccessful mission - bu'
the most likely starting point ap'
peared to be the big Japanese
naval and air base at Paramushl:
70. $50 miles away at the enc
of the Kuriles island chain.
Such a raid by twin engined
enemy bombers was considered
by naval experts here as clear
indication that upon complete con-
troll of Attu by American forces
and completion Of an airfield there
U. S. bombers, with theeir long
er range can readily hit the Para
mushiro base.
The unsuccessful Japanese raid
presumably was aimed at Ameri-
can ground forces engaged In
driving the enemy from Attu.
Whether the enemy bombers
were attacked by anti aircraft
fire or by American fighter planes
was undisclosed. 1t was assumed,
however, that the two surface
craft attacked - they were not
further identified - answered the
bombers with their guns.
Of the battle by American
troops to wipe out Japanese units
ashore on Attu, the Navy merely
said "there was no change in the
general situation ashore"
There the fighting is in its 18th
day, and the enemy has been
pushed back to positions in the
rocky hills. Some small units have
Continued on Page Two; Col. 81
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-05-24
ALLIES ASSAULT
JAP CARGO ship
Bombers Score Near Miss
On Vessel At Kavineg,
New Ireland

ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN
AUSTRALIA, Monday, May a.
P)-Allied bombers scored a near
miss on an 8,00O-ton enemy cargo
ship at Kavineg, New Ireland,
Sunday, the high command report
ed today.
Liberator bombers downed two
Japanese fighters which attempt.
ed to intercept them over Gas
mata, New Britain, the noon com.
nunique said.
Penfoei aidrdome at Koepang,
Tlmor island, 400 miles northwest
Of Darwin, was attacked by medi-
um bonbers during the night. A
night raid also was made on the
airdrome at Dill. harbor town
on the north coast of Timor. Ex-
plosions were observed in the dis
persal areas.
Tht attack at Kavieng was di-
rected against the airdrome and
shipping in the harbor. For more
than an hour before dawn four
engined bombers droned over the
area.
ga close miss within fifteen feet
was observed on an 8,000-ton car
go vessel but due to darkness
damage caused by the raid could
not be assessed" the communicate
said
The enemy-occupied village OF
Ubili, New Britain, was bombed
twice and fires were started.
Four-engined bombers renewed
the attack on the airdrome at
Continued on Page Two; Col. -
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-05-24
TRAINED MINDS
NEEDED IN WAR
Lieut.. Gen. McNair Says
Leadership Most Ne
cessary Now

ORONO, Me-, May 23.-tR-L1eut
General Lesley J. McNair, com
manding general Of all ground for
ces of the United States Army,
told a University of Maine com
mencement audience this afternoon
'that the trained mind is needed
on the battlefront today more than
ever before needed in order
both to win battles and to save
the lives of our troops"
The Minnesota-born West Point
graduate, recovering from wounds
he received during the North Afri-
can campaign, was one Of six re-
cipients OF honorary degrees at
the university's 73rd commence
ment program.
General McNair, honored in
recognition of his inspiring mill.
tary leadership and devoted and
effective services to your coun-
try with a doctor of law degree,
appeared to be fully recovered
from the shrapnel wound he re-
ceived in Africa.
''The quality which is most
sought and least plentiful in this,
as previous wars, is leadership, y
General McNair said in awarding
81 certificates to seniors. 1--WE
need officers who can inspire men,
spark them to heroic deeds, con
vince them that they are never
tired, build courage when the go
ing is tough, keep their faces to the
enemy, lead them forward when
they lag and show them how to dc
the impossible" he added.
From now on, as never before.
you must major in leadership
You are equipped to lead, you
are expected to lead, and you car
lead only if you set yourselves te
this primary task with all your
might"
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-05-24
FOUR DAY RECORD
Airfields In Sicily And In
stallations In Sardin-
la Attacked
AXIS VESSELS BOMBED
Naval Forces Push Task
Of Taking Over Musso-
lini's Mare Nostrum

A L L I E D HEADQUAR-
TIERS IN NORTH AFRICA,
May 23.-(P - Allied air
forces continued their nom
stop onslaught against 1tal-
ian and Sicilian air fields yes
terday and destroyed II more
planes in the air and on the
ground, it was announced to-
day.
This brought the total of
Axis aircraft destroyed in
four days and nights by
souadrons based in French
Africa to 293 and IL others
have been accounted for in
the same period by Middle
East and Malta fliers, boost
ing the figure to 305.
Fortresses Pound AirdrOmes
American Flying Fortresses
bombed the airfield at Borizzo in
northwestern Sicily yesterday,
Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower's
communique said, shooting down
six of the so or more enemy fight
ers which battled fiercely In an
effort to stop the raid. They scor-
ed numerous hits ON the admins
tration building and two blocks
of barracks and destroyed nine
enemy planes on the ground de-
spite the interception
A fire also was started in the
munitions store area, and escort
ing Lightnings destroyed the 18th
enemy plane in the one raid.
The 18th enemy plane, giant
six-motored Merseburg 1923 trans
port, was accounted for by an
RAF Marauder bomber north OF
Sicily.
The Fortress foray followed a
series of blows by RAF Yelling
ton two-motored bombers the pre-
ceding night at enemy airfields at
Castel Vetrano, Sciacca, Borizzo
and Milo in Sicily. Many fires
were started, one of which was
visible 45 miles away.
P-4O Warhawks yesterday swept
far out over the Mediterranean
and riddled a radio station at San
Antioco, at the southern end OF
Sardinia.
Medium bombers from the Mid
die East air command sprinkled
the ferry terminal of Messina in
eastern Sicily Friday night with
fresh shower of explosives:
marked hits on ferry buildings, the
railway station and yards, and
near oil tanks and power sta
ton. This force also paid a visit
to southern Italy.
In continued sweeps over the
Aegean another enemy sailing
vessel was severly damaged, a
Cairo communique said, and a
German seaplane destroyed.
Malta's intruders and fighter
bombers left a widespread trail
of damage to railways, factor
les, wireless station, and air
fields in Sicily, and shot down
another Messerschmitt. The tar
gets were airdromes at Celia and
Ponte O1ivio in southern Sicily.
| Continued on Page Two; Col. 81
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-05-24
ALLIES DESTROY 3O5 ENEMY
PLANES IN MEDITERRANEAN:
JAP BOlMBERS ASSAULT ATTU
Russians Down 313 Nazi
Warplanes And Lose 81

LONDON, Monday, May "a.
~ Russia announced ear
ly today the destruction of 313
German planes last week at a
cost of 81 Russian aircraft -
a valuable contribution to the
Allied campaign Of aerial at
triton in the western Euro
pean and Mediterranean Sec
tors
The big Soviet land army
meanwhile maneuvered for ad-
vantageOus positions prelimi-
nary to expected decisive land
battles. A midnight communi-
que recorded by the Soviet
monitor disclosed that newly
won positions on the west
bank of the Donets river in the
Lisichansk sector 125 miles
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-05-24

southeast of Kharkov. had
been fortified.
This bridgehead appeared to
be worrying the Germans. A
German infantry company, sup
ported by tanks, aircraft and
mortar fire, was reported to
have been thrown against the
Russians without dislodging
them.
The bagging of 313 planes
last week boosted enemy loss
es to 1,613 aircraft in three
weeks on the basis of Moscow
announcements. In the same
period Russian losses were
placed at 400.
The aerial war has been
marked with large-scale Rus
sian raids on German rear
Continued on Page Two: Col. II
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-05-24
TREASURY READY TO ASK
|FQR NEW TAXES AS BO7K,
PARTIES LOOK FOR PLl lXx
international Food Ba, !
PlanAdvancedBy British
Senator Expresses
Concern Over Oil
And Metal Supply

WASHINGTON, May 23.-(R
Concerned that this country's
metal and oil resources may
be depleted to the danger
point by our War commit
ments abroad, Senator Rever-
comb (R-WVa) urged today
that the United States ''be
practical" and insist that our
allies furnish their full share.
Zone of the great dangers
of modern war is its vast de-
mand for irreplaceable nat
ural resources, such as iron
ore, petroleum, copper, zinc
and other metals" he said.
"Once removed, those things
don't grow back.
'tWe must use the wealth we
have to win the war; I hope
it won't take too much of it.
I also hope that we will be
generous and at the same time
be practical and ask that our
allies furnish their full part"
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-05-24
JAPANESE EMPLOY
HISTORICAL RUSE
Send Troops Dressed In Ct.
william Clothes Behind
Chinese Lines

CHUNGKING, May 23.-lREThe
Japanese have vainly employed
Trojan horse tactics in their pow
er drive in central China toward
the rich rice belt in heavy fighting
in western Hupeh province that
cost both sides heavy casualties,
the Chinese high command said
today.
Disgusting troops in plain
clothes, the Japanese attempted to
infiltrate Chinese district town.
The communique said these were
detected and exterminated.
In another battle area to the
south, a formation Of U. S. planes
flew Friday to the support of Chi
nese ground forces wset Of Lake
Tungting and scored many direct
hits against the Japanese, the Cen
trail news agency said.
The Chinese reported 1900 cas-
ualties had been inflicted on the
invaders, 400 near the strategic
town of Tangyang in the region
northeast of Ichang. The other
1,50O were said to have resulted
from a Chinese counterattack in
western Yunnan province.
The recapture OF three points
near Tangyang was claimed. The
Chinese said that, besides killing
400 Japanese, they captured two
cannon, five machine-guns and 9TH
er materiel.
The Japanese were said to have
stepped up their operations in the
south, employing 5000 men in one
attack and 1000 in another, in
stead of the usual 1000 or 1000.
The Chinese said they recaptured
Continued on Page Five: Col. 81
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-05-24
|BSzl\l IS AHEAD
En,,,sptI,.., \, Declares clare II That
| Face Extra Levy
CONFERENCE SLATED
,,,,te House Discussion
'({'I Of 'PIay-As.You-ce Leg
islation Scheduled
WASHINGTON, May 23.-

WASHINGTON, May %
f. R With the Treasury ye pre-
Pa+h PattDT democrats and Republi-
esns eYrs in Congress expressed
tet'e tdestt'esrmination to enact some
kind Of pay-a!ss-you 60 leglsla, us =
ton ton to gst. the nation on a
current basis.
w! Secretary Morgenthau, in
u,r,irg urirgh that "the real battle
" S'st st1l ahead Of u.s." on the
t'rs - stlt financial front, said he
lss j's,l'I no doubt the Treasury
VIII uSI find it necessary to ask
f0r %1 additional taxes before
the end Of 1913.
45 Billion Still Needed
rbe treasury chief asserted that
yO0O,OOO,OOO is still needed to pay
t +- tbe war this year - over ana
.s,rp current borrowings and an
s,,,ted tax collections. This sum
!. .aid. must be raised through
i-nyition Of new taxes and the
st Of war bonds.
7nmorrow's Senate-House confer
rre on pay-as-you-go may be de-
eisVe.
Senator Byrd (D-Va) said it is
entirely possible to bring out a
sound pay.as-you-go tax bill'
from the committee, while another
ronteree, Senator Danaher (R-
CON- said he thought the confer
.es feel the sense of responsible
y that is on them"
81 hope we can get an agree
nent and | believe that we car"
Danaher added.
The committee is trying to COM
,ose Senate and House differences
which lie largely in the amount OF
accrued taxes to be cancelled and
he method Of abatement to be u.s.
ID in attempting to put taxpayers
IN current basis.
The House conferees repeatedly
AVE been adamant in their stand
hat no more than so per cent of
my years taxes should be abated
N such process. The majority Of
the Senate group, on the other
hand, has stood for no less than IS
per cent abatment.
Most talked is a compromise plan
winch would waive the first $50 in
accrued back taxes, with the tax
payet paying 70 per cent OF the
remainder (if any over the next
". Two years while keeping up with
ms current payments. Thus those
III M me lover bracket incomes would
ss' q lull cancellation and those
'Ovve approximately IS per cent.
,,.a apparently nobody knows, how
n' Sss[' whether President Roosevelt
',. "uuia sign such bill, if Congress
9assed 9as it. and that was one thing
osaiocra1s ,satN said they want to as
'roposal. "S' oii ally
,iss' morgenthau expressed his tax
Nv w. IN a report on the Second
,,bs,I;p 'fs Loan drive which was over
inscribed d ri $500, 900, 600.
,sn IN 'nls drive, he said, the Amer
ta on @p people y invested s18, 500, ,OOO,-
o,,,tIt,, Ny IN the future of their free
rslny rscoss and proved that they
'e'0snlze this as their war and
continued on Pare Five. ~, y,
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-05-24
TO HOARD SURPRISES
Idea Would Form Buffer
Stock To Be Used
When Necessary

HOT SPRINGS, Va, May 23.-
R,-An International food bank
to salt away the surpluses of fat
years and insure good. health in
lean season was proposed to.
night by the British delegation to
the United Nations food confer
ence.
The bank would take the form
of ''an internationally-held balanc.
ing or buffer stock which could be
increased when production for the
time being outruns demands, and
drawn upon when it falls short"
Chairman Richard Law present.
ed a 3,000-word statement describ.
ing this and other elements of a
British blueprint for a world free
from want. Under it, the plow-it.
under philosophy would be sup
planted by a bold policy of ex-
panded production. Production and
consumption of protective foods
would be subsidized. An interna.
tionally financed organization
would be empowered to give food
stuffs to populations in need.
The proposal stresses, however,
that before such long-range plans
can be put into effect the urgent
problems of the immediate post
war period must be met.
This period of drastic shortage
growing out of the wars wide.
spread destruction and disorgani.
zation of production is described
as falling into two phases, the first
of which will be dominated by the
struggle to prevent hunger in wide
areas.
The second phase, Law explains,
will be one of transition in which
production and distribution will
still be gravely disorganized, with
enough food available to satisfy
hunger but not enough to achieve
a balanced diet.
During this phase,' says the
memorandum, "we cannot hope to
abolish want, but we can alleviate
it."
The United Kingdom delegation
suggests the food conference
should do these things toward
pointing the way through the pc
riod of shortage to achievement
of a well-fed world:
l. 1t should go on record as stat
ing that the common goal of all
the governments here represented
is to ensure to all mankind a
supply of food which is secure,
adequate and suitable
2. 1t should, despite exclusion OF
relief from the conference agenda,
consider both phases of the period
of shortage and "resolve that, Sc
long as this state of affairs exists,
international arrangements should
exist to encourage the maximum
production of the commodities
which are most needed and to Sc.
cure an orderly and equitable dis.
tribution of the commodities which
are short in supply"
3. It should "enunciate basic
principles of food production
which every nation can follow in
deciding its own food supply poll.
cy and which it will recognize as
right for other nations too.''
4. It should recommend a bold
policy of expansion as against the
policy of restricted production.
''We believe that the only unques-
tionable justification for reducing
the production of a desirable COM
modify is to release capacity for
the production of some other still
more desirable one"
5. It should recommend the buf-
fer stock, or food bank.
"Such a stock would serve a
double purpose" the delegation
said. "Not only would it ensure
that the consumer always has am
pie supplies available for him and
that the producer always has a
CONTINUED on Page Two; Col. 81
-V-
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-05-24
FIRMER OPA POLICY

WASHINGTON, May % = @ -
The keynote of new and flrmer
OPA policy will be given to Con-
gress by Price Administrator
Prentiss M. Brown when he ap-
pears to seek funds for the next
fiscal year, associates OF the dl-
rector forecast today.
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-05-24
notice.!

If your carrier fails to
leave your copy Of the Will
mington Morning St ar,
Phone 2-3311 before 900 a.
m. and one will be sent to
you by special messenger.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-01-03
Ohio River Reaches Crest at Portsmouth;
New Floods Surge Down the Willamette

gan In Pittsburgh early in the week
and rolled destructively down the
valley to flood city after city. moved
past Huntington, w. Va, today and
was expected to reach Cincinnati
tomorrow. There. important Lun-
ken Airport was cleaned out and
some operations moved to Western
Hills Airport, closed a year ago as
a security measure. The river at
Cincinnati, now about six feet above
the 52-foot flood stage, was expected
to crest at 81 feet.
Ashland and Catlettsburg, hardest
hit of Kentucky cities thus far, ex-
pected 64-foot crest hourly. Water
up to feet deep flooded hundreds
Of homes and business houses In
Catlettsburg, while some $50 Ash
land families fed their homes or
moved upstairs. The Ashland plant
of the American Rolling Mill Co.
closed until the water receded.
Louisville expected crest of 81 feet,
nine above flood stage, about Tues
day. 1t stood at 80 feet late today.
The swollen Mississippi River,
meanwhile, crested at 34.4 feet at
Cape Girardeau, Mo-, with no ex-
tensive damage. The stream still
was rising below Cairo, ILL.,, where
the Ohio joins 1t.
Rising 81 feet in "a hours, the
Ohio climbed to 45.7 at Madison,
Ind, and licked at Front street