davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Detroit evening times., 1943-08-23
CoLIECTED an RANnoM

The Charles Correls Hcs the
Andy Of Amos and Andy expect
their third child Jan IS The
other two are girls. Elvso Knox
Will wed John Payne but not un-
III after the war. Her divorce
from Paul Hesse becomes final ln
Slx months
Capt. John huston and Col
Frank Capra have arrived safely
in England. Errol Flyr1 is due in
from MeNLco tonnrrlA mnrnLr.
Detroit evening times., 1943-08-23
TRIAL AND ERROR

Maybe it's trial and error
with more accent on the error,
bat / do want "A hit" said Susan.
She ~hOuldnt have much irOu-
blc because she IS one of the most
versatile lugouueS we've Sc q n.
Miss Miller can sing. look lovely,
act and make with enough feet
for dancing. She has everything
broadway producer might be
looking for and we can only hope
Detroit evening times., 1943-08-23
JUST IN CASE

Watch on the Rhine Viii be
the first American picture 10 he
shown m Germany after the -lnNa-
sion. SO sure is Jack Warner our
boys will be marching into Ger
many ere long that he has the
picture dubbed IN German and
ready 10 go.
II would certainly give the
NaziS something 10 think about
if they see this movie. which al
though made in America. has a
background of NaZi horroE.
Detroit evening times., 1943-08-23
Gleason Cast

RUSSELL GLEASON has been
cast in Meet the People at
Metnn=GoldUyn-M yer, starring
Lucille Ball with Dick Powell,
Virginia OBTien and Bert Lahr.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-08
Steak Ruce

1t has been suggested that, al
though horse racing will be greatly
curtailed this year, many new speed
records will be hung up. With feed
more expensive, and purses reduced,
1t may be case of eat or be eaten,
and the butcher take the hindmost.
1t certainly would be, if there were
any way to let horses know what's
up, and that every time they race, 1t
is a sort of meat in competition,
where the first to romp home gets
the bran, and the last to arrive, the
can.
Not that bettors will be helped any,
financially, 1t will be little consola-
ton to poor picker to learn that
his choice lost in near-record time
that, normally, would have been win
ming time. AS Whittier might have
remarked, but probably didn't, "Of
all sad words of the racing fan, the
Saddest are these-'he also ram" Yet
perhaps the sadness might be allevi-
ated somewhat by the thought Of
what may happen to the cause of
the disaster The man who has put
two dollars on losing horse at the
track may get certain morbid salts
faction out OF paying another two
dollars at the butcher shop and get
ting five pounds Of him back.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-08

Jobs unless the latter also are in the
essential category. Undoubtedly, the
objective OF this move is a desirable
one, but here again Mr. McNutt is
functioning without benefit of specific
statutory authority, and is proposing
to enforce his edict through the
eXtra-legal application of economic
sanction against non conforming
employers. This is merely another
step in the process of trying to make
half measures suffice in the absence
of any real national service policy.
Is it not about time for us to drop
these dubious expedients and face
the fact that nothing less than ma
tional service legislation. based on a
careful study of needs and resources,
will meet the Nations wartime re-
quirements? That is what we did in
deciding to raise an Army through
the Selective Service Act. Why per-
sistsin using obviously inferior meth
DDS to raise a work force to support
the Army?
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-08
The Sensible Thine

In restating to the Commissioners
tits opposition to proposed regula-
ntions making it illegal for pedestrians
sto cross streets in blocks controlled
by traffic lights except at the cross
walks. the Executive Board of the
Federation Of Citizens Associations
makes point which undoubtedly
sums up the only argument against
this safety measure. But is the argu-
-ment valid?
o. The argument is that the regula-
ton could not be enforced. The board
points to the fact that only 10. per
cent of pedestrians killed while
crossing the street in 1912 were
struck in blocks controlled by lights,
aWhile 1872 per cent were killed in
blocks not controlled by the lights.
Even if strictly enforced, it is argued,
The regulation would have prevented
only 10 per cent of the fatalities.
- The Federation wishes strong en-
sforcement OF the existing regulation,
(which makes it unlawful for pedes-
strians to cross a street in reckless
amanner. It might be said that any
pedestrian who crosses the street at
Some point other than a crosswalk is
Proceeding recklessly The difficulty
Is that the courts will not accept
such definition of recklessness. If
the regulation is to mean anything,
It has got to mean that pedestrians
can cross the street only at a cross
walk.
81 But this regulation should not be
condemned on the ground that it
could not be 100 per cent enforced.
OF course, it would not. The chief
advantage of the regulation would
be that the enforcement which is
possible, and entirely practical, would
constitute the best educational cam
paign that can be devised; CAM
paign directed squarely at the chief
cause, year in and year out, of pc
destrian traffic death. II it becomes
unlawful for people to cross the
street except at crosswalks, fewer
people are going to do 1t, and every
arrest will further publicize the ban.
This regulation has been sought by
the Commissioners Traffic Advisory
Council and by the traffic director.
time and again. The Commissioners
should proceed to draw it up and put
it into effect-now. To delay it fur
Their is to fail to make any effort
whatever to eliminate the chief cause
of traffic death. Getting at the cause
Is the sensible thing to do.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-08

jewels. The Moors and their Chris
tan rivals, the crusading knights OF
the Middle Ages, possessed foot
guards OF steel. Examples of a vast
number Of different styles of pedal
apparel are exhibited in the Cluny
Museum in Paris.
Shoes in their modern form were
introduced into England as recently
as 1923. The use of shoe strings dates
from about 1871, in which year the
organized buckle makers of Britain
protested to the King against their
manufacture. Cobblers as such,
however, despite an occasional
grumbler. are not much given to
complaining. The artisans favored
by Saint Crispin generally are known
as practitioners of "the gentle craft"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-08
Munpower Middle

The deficiencies of our manpoWer
program. if it may be said that we
have a program, are becoming self
evident.
A few days ago Paul v. McNutt,
chairman of the War Manpower
Commission, issued his so-called
work or fight" edict, which advised
men in non-deferrable jobs that they
might escape induction into the
Army by transferring to war work.
AS was suggested by The Star at the
time, this was an evident misuse of
the Selective Service Act, and in
addition seemed to be a disorderly
way of raising the manpoWer needed
in war plants and the armed services.
This contention is amply supported
by Mrs Anna M. Rosenberg, New
York regional director of the VINO.
Mrs. Rosenberg called press con-
ference last week in an effort to stem
the "hysteria" which followed pro-
mitigation OF the McNutt order OF
the 81 COO workers who registered on
the first day with the United States
Employment Service in New York,
she said, only 5000 were on the non
deferrable list. In other words, the
use of the Solective Service Act as a
club, in one cay, had caused 5000
men in New York alone to give 10
jobs in civilian life 10 join the rush
for war employment, believing that
this was the way to avoid military
service but causing only disorder and
confusion. Small wonder that Mrs.
Rosenberg said she could not make
emphatic enough" her admonition
that persons listed in groups which
have not been classified as non
deferrable should stay in their pres
ent Jobs.
Mr.. McNutt also has issued regula-
tions, applicable in areas of critical
labor shortage, which are designed
to prevent workers in essential &C
Invites from transferring to other
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-08
THIS AND THAT
By Charles E. Tracepell.

The house or English sparrow needs
no introduction. The skylark, too, is an
Introduction. =.
They seem to have small dove over
there, about inches long, which was
brought in. 1t is gray above, dull white
below, with fine black stripes on the
sides. The breast is slightly rosy.
Perhaps their most noticeable bird is
the mynah. 1t belongs to the startling
family. ut, too. is an introductory
This bird can be taught to talk after a
fashion. 1t is 9 inches long 1t has
black head apd neck and brown back
When flying it shows white patches in
the wings. The bill and legs are yellow.
They seem to have thrush, which is
called the Chinese thrush. Whether
such terms as Brazilian, japanese and
Chinese mean anything in relation to
some Of these birds, We do not know. In
the United States the cardinal from time
to time has been Gagged. contrary to
law, and sold as Brazilian cardinal"
The Chinese thrush is inches long.
OF reddish brown coloring. with a white
ring around the eve. Its habits are
designated as ''skulSing" which means
little or nothing. Its song is said to be
beautiful, as any thrush's song should
be. This bird is an Introduction.
One OF the few migrants is the golden
plover. or kolea, which breeds in Alaska
If the birds can fly all the way from
Alaska to Hawaii, airplanes could, too.
This plover is regarded as very bene-
fetal to the Islands since it eats army
worms and cut worms.
*+
Another introduction from the United
States is the turtle dove, just the same
splendid bird whose soft COO is favorite
afternoon music throughout the summer
IN every American small town and sub
urban community.
One OF the large native birds is the
night heron or aukuu This one is 10
inches long. He is black on top. gray on
the sides and white underneath Few
birds show better protective coloration.
When seen from above he blends with
the water. Seen from below, he blends
with the sky, and when seen from the
side he just isn't there at all.
They have a pheasant, which is 36
inches long, including the very long tail.
The largest bird of the islands is the
iva, or frigate bird. He is 40 inches long,
with wing spread of feet.
In addition to the plover, other shore
birds coming from Alaska are the SAN
derling, the tattler and the turnstone
1t is said that several species of ducks
are resident there. Some of the smaller
islands Of the group are used as nesting
places by terms and shearwaters.
Authorities tell us that the smaller
Islands scattered for 1000 miles to the
northwest Of the main group form a
Federal bird reservation On these un-
Inhabited Islands there are thousands of
stormy petrels, boobies, shearwaters and
albatrosses
1t Is claimed that the introduction of
dogs, cats and rats helped lead to the
destruction of many native birds.
1t is interesting and pleasing to know
that Of all the bird introductions in the
last 10 years, our own cardinal is one of
the most successful This beautiful bird
deserves having its happiness wherever
1t goes and is one additional reason why
we must remember Pearl Harbor."
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-08
Footwear as ChronicIed

Shoes, now to be rationed, like
many other things once regarded as
Injuries, have become imperative
necessities in countries of the tenn
perate zones If not in the tropics.
Even In Japan, some sort of foot
covering Is required in winter. The
American Indians had moccasins and
gnowshoes before Columbus re-dis-
covered the Western Hemisphere 1t
probably was instructive among the
savages Of remote antiquity to guard
their pedal extremities Prof Herd
man F. Cleland in Our Prehistoric
Ancestors" says: although most of
his clothes were made of skins,
Neolithic man early learned to spin
and weave. Without doubt he
made sandals of leather by
preference, but when leather was not
available, OF vegetable fiber" Rope
mats for use in walking were found
in an ancient cave in Spain Still
older, however, was the primitive
practice OF wearing strips of raw
hide the shape Of the foot and fast
ened thereto by thongs" or palm
fiber similarly attached to the ankles.
The late DR.. Otis T. Mason
Smithsonian Institution ethnologist
from 1872 until his death in 1908,
wrote in his philosophic study of
"The Origins of Invention: Gold
or heat, mountain or plain, open
sward or volcanic Stag or thorny I'M
dergrowth only stimulated the germ
OF ingenuity and gave the greater
variety to what else would have been
bare footed monotony." Speed was
one objective, comfort another. BY
the expedient of encasing his feet in
slippers, man became passenger in
a coach which he himself compelled"
Among the oldest Of proverbs is that
affirming; THE earth is softly car
peted for him who strides in leather"
But considerable number of less
costly materials will serve the same
purpose. Pythagoras of Samos, "the
most assiduous enquirer" in the sixth
century B. c., instructed his disciples
to wear shoes of the bark of trees in
order that the life of animals might
be conserved thereby. The Jews,
possibly for like reasons, preferred
shoes Of wood, rusheS and linen.
Leggings and boots appear to have
been brought into Europe by the
Goths and to have been adopted by
the Romans in the days of Julius
Caesar Caligula, it is recorded, en-
etched his walking gear with precious
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-08
Deep in Winter

No1o under this close, sheltering,
Gray canopy of sky
Where but so lately hare the last
Migrating geese gone By,
Where gales hare stripped to sparstty
The last slim, bro,on skinned
bough,.
Hedrth-smoke is rising, amber-blue.
Yelling the curued sky now.
Prime in their season, ,pinter davs
Most cautiously embark
To glide adopn the calendar
Briefly from daUn to dark.
While silhouetted on the 1oall
The shado,Ded fame Uings dance.
The outdoors, lulled to silence qiues
Our dormant sparks full chance.
Under the smoke-rilled CANOPY
Welcome the logs return,
Expand the hearts expectancy
For hearts, too. fame and burXi
SARAH M. HOWARD.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-08
Representative Of Albania
Differs With Article on King Zox,

To the Editor Of The Star
In its January ID issue The Star car
ried story entitled "U S. Cold to Fog
Plea for Guarantee He'll Be Returned to
Throne. America Refuses to Back Claim
ant Who Lacks Government In Exile"
Allow me, please, to correct two of the
most important statements made in this
story
At the outset, the caption itself must
be slightly embarrassing to the Depart
ment of State and entirely confusing to
the majority OF the Albanians here and
to the American friends of Albania.
King zog has not made any statement
requesting an American guarantee to
restore him to the throne of Albania.
Any average. intelligent American knows
that is for the Albanian people them
selves to decide; which Is precisely what
the American Government has guaran-
teed to all the oppressed nations of the
world through the Atlantic Charter.
Furthermore. King Fog himself has
made clear his future intentions In an
official proclamation which he issued
almost year ago from London, England,
addressed to all Albanians everywhere,
in which document he says: After this
war we shall have changes, political,
economic and social, of incalculable i'm
portance. Albania also will be recon-
structed, taking heed of the new condi-
tons. Under the circumstances l be-
leve that it is my duty before the ma
ton, which has always accorded me its
confidence, to render to it my account
of the execution Of the mandate it has
given me and to ask it freely again to
express its will upon the political and
social system it desires when once it re-
sumes its march on the path of its des-
tiny We shall all conform to its de-
ez5ion"
And it is an historical fact that King
Zog is empowered with a mandate from
the people of Albania and his powers
have been confirmed by consecutive
constitutional elections and recognized
by all nations of the woodland this
cannot be nullified by the unfortunate
III WHICH 1lltIlcILO nave Ore.
vented the acceptance OF Albania in the
alliance of the United Nations, which
the Albanians now plead for.
Finally, the statement is made that
among the members of Free Albania
Committee" are ''the only two Albanian
Ministers Plenipotentiary who remain as
diplomats in exile-Asaf Djadjouli in
Turkey and Abdul Sula in Egypt" The
exact opposite happens to be the truth.
Both Messrs. Djadjouli and Sula are
representatives of King zog's govern
ment and both repeatedly have declared
that they have no relations with Mr..
Chekrezi and his Free Albania Com
mittee."
In conclusion, our hopes are firm that
with the encouragement and aid of the
great democratic nations, specifically the
United States, Great Britain and Rus
STA. We Albanians soon will unite and
rally all our countrymen here and
abroad to the aid Of the United Nations
who are fighting to Nberate the world
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-08
Huskin's Answers
To Questions
By Frederic J. Hdskin.

~ FredeT1C J. H0Sktn.
A reader can get the ansper to any
question OF fact by Writino The
Evening Star Information Bureau,
Frederic J. Haskin. director, Wash
ington, d. c. Please inclose stamp for
return postage.
@, Which letter Of the alphabet is most
often mispronounced?-M NJ s.
A. The letter III" is considered to be
the most difficult of accurate pronuncia-
ton in all its variations. . ...
@. How long did the Battle of Britain
last?--H. l.. L.
A. 1t lasted from August 8 to October
81. 1910, and is probably the greatest
air battle in history.
Q. Was Erich Maria Remarques book,
"All Quiet on the Western Front" popu-
lar in Germany when it was first pub
lished?-J. J.
A. Reports state that 10000 copies
were sold the first year.
Q. What is the real name of the beef
wood tree?-G. G.
A. Casuarina. The red wood OF this
tree was thought to resemble raw meat,
hence the popular name.
Q. Does Hiram Powers statue, Greek
Slave" represent any special person.
M. Med
A. The figure represents a girl captive
taken by the Turks during the Greek
revolution of 1921.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-08
Argues for Difference
Between Taxes and Commodities.

Argues for Difference
Between Taxes and Commodities.
To the Editor OF The Star,
Some very loose thinking is being done,
even in high places, relative to the pro-
posed Ruml plan for paying taxes This
Is evidenced by such expressions as for
giving" or "deferring" or Sacrificing"
1912 taxes. No one of these words is in
any way applicable to what is proposed
In the Ruml plan. but they inevitably
pop up SO long as we associate taxes with
payments we make in trade.
Taxes cannot be considered as having
the same quality as a grocery BILL In
both cases the payment is made for
value received, but the value received
for the taxes that are paid does not ex-
list as commodity that may be disposed
OF elsewhere, and taxes are, therefore,
an assessment which is supposed to pay
for an abstract thing which comes into
existence and vanishes momentarily
throughout mans life. IT man re-
fuses to buy groceries he does not have
to pay. the bill, but he cannot refuse to
NV r" Wiz "a oCCNeioAl VI Vic 0OVCIIuIlc1ll,
and he therefore is assessed his part of
the cost of the Government.
1t does not make a particle OF differ
ence what method or what yardstick is
used In arriving at any mans part of
this cost OF government, so long as the
same method and yardstick are used for
every one alike, and If the Ruml plan of
pay as you 60 is to be adopted, it seems
very clear to me that 1912 tax bills can
be thrown out of the window without
making any sort Of sacrifice.
To be sure, there will be a deferment,
OF certain sort, which a groceryman
would not like If it were his bill, but 1t
will make no difference to the Govern
ment because of the difference in the
quality OF the thing that Is to be paid for.
The groceryman would be forever short
Of that much stock in trade, whereas
the Government cannot now use any of
last years governing processes. Let 1913
be the yardstick because l943 incomes
will be larger than 1912 and the Govern
ment will get more, and because 1t is
possible to apply the pay-as-you-go ele-
ment to 1943, thereby making 1t much
more convenient to the taxpayer. whereas
you cannot apply the pay -as-you-go plan
to a time that has passed, 1912.
w. STANLEY FREEMAN.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-08
Warning to Workers

DR.. Henry M. WrlStOn, president of
Brown University, has made an in
teresting point in discussing the
Governments settlement of last
months anthracite coal strike.
The anthracite miners are a mi
nority in the United Mine Workers
Union and. as DR.. Wriston sees it.
they were brought to surrender, de-
feated and discredited in a manner
and by a method which seems to me
an assault upon freedom everywhere
in the world"
The strike was broken through
application of force from two sources.
First, there was the implied threat
by the President to exercise his power
as Commander in Chief in wartime to
send the men back to the mines. He
was concerned with getting the coal
needed to conduct the war, not with
the merits or otherwise of the miners
protest against an increase in dues
imposed without their consent.
The second application of force
came from the union which, under
its closed-shop contract, had the
power to expel these men and there
by deny them the opportunity to
earn living. There was no one
anywhere to pass upon the business
of the minority complaint, or to de-
termine whether the majority in the
union was abusing the great power
which it has acquired with the aid
and approval of the Government.
It was this state of affairs which
prompted DR.. Wriston to say: ITO
treat a union which covers a whole
industry as though it were still a
mere voluntary association without
great powers is an anachronism. It
has great powers; 1t must also have
great responsibilities, and those re-
sponsibilities must be reflected in the
law. There must be opportunities to
review and redress the grievances of
its members against its (the unions)
management, just as there must be
redress of grievances against indus
trial management"
This is a Thoughtful statement,
worthy of the serious attention of all
workers interested in preserving
their rights against infringement
from any quarter.