davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-10-29
Find Shut OFF for Leak
In House Water system

Shut off the water, If there's a
leak. This involves knowing the To-
cation Of the main shut-off valve
for the house water supply, the bu-
reau points out. This valve is usu-
ally found near the basement floor
level at the meter close to the wall
nearest the street. Everyone in the
family should know where to find
this valve.
The valve should be turned off and
on at least twice a year in order to
check on its free operation. Valves
which have corroded so that they
stick should be replaced. Have your
plumber take care of this at the
first opportunity.
If the leak is near a fixture, Il
may not be necessary to shut off
the entire water supply for the
house. In every properly designed
plumbing system there are auxiliary
stops in the supply piping near the
fixtures. In addition to valves In
the branch lines, every fixture should
be equipped with local controls.
Some of the local controls for fix
lures operate with handwheels and
others necessitate the use of q
screwdriver.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-10-29
Old Man Of Sea

The "Story of the Seven Voyages
Of Sindbad of the Sea-" one of the
fabulous tales of the Arabian Nights,
recounts the strange adventures of
Sindbad. On his fifth voyage he met
on an island an old man who indi-
Gated he wanted to be carried across
a stream. Sindbad lifted him to his
shoulders but while they crossed the
stream the gnarled old fellow wound
his legs around Sindbad's neck,
nearly choking him, and would not
get down. After carrying him for
many exhausting days, Sindbad
made some grape wine and the old
man drank it until he became in
toxicated, whereupon Sindbad man.
aged to throw him to the ground,
then struck him on the head with
q stone until he died.
Later, passengers on a vessel told
Sindbad. "This old man who rode
upon thy shoulders is called the Old
Man of the Sea, and no one was
ever beneath his limbs and escaped
from him excepting thee"
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-10-29
Proper Names

The war, high-lighting the con-
fused and varied spellings of names
OF foreign cities, may help Indirect
ly to bring the uniformity long rec
commended by official and semi-of-
fetal bodies in the United States.
Such uniformity would be helpful,
OF course, to post offices throughout
the world. The tendency is to use
the official spelling Of the nation
concerned rather than the English
equivalent.
The board on geographical
names, a section of the department
Of the interior, favors addressing
foreign mail with the official SPELL
ing OF the country Of destination.
For examples, Vienna in its home
land is properly Wien; Munich,
Munchen; Moscow, Moskva; SALON..
ka, Thessalonike; Copenhagen, Ko-
benhavn; Warsaw, Warszawa; Bel
grade, Beograd; and Bucharest,
Bucuresti.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-10-29
Has MANY Meanings

In the 10th century Creole came
into use to denote persons born in
the West Indies of Spanish parents,
as distinguished from immigrants
direct from Spain, or natives.
It has marked local variations.
In this country 1t refers to French
speaking inhabitants of Louisiana
who are Of French and Spanish ORR
gin; in Mexico, to white persons Of
pure Spanish extraction and in Alas
ka, to the offspring Of a Russian
father and an Eskimo mother. There
Is rather widespread but complete
ly erroneous belief that it means a
person Of mixed white and Negro
blood.
It is derived from the French
form Of "cirollo," a West Indian
corruption Of the Spanish ''criadil-
To-" a dirninutive Of a word mean
ing zone born or reared"
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-10-29
Causes for Discomfort
In Air Travel Decline

Only one airline passenger in 1000
suffers from air-sickness, which
thus virtually has disappeared from
the airways as source of discom-
fort in flying, it is disclosed by Unit
ed Air lines.
A five-year survey Of discomfort
causes among passengers carried
by United, revealed that the air.
sickness rate steadily has been re-
duced from 3.3 per 1000 passen-
gers in 1888 to one per 1000 in 1912.
It was disclosed that other causes
of discomfort also have been de-
creasing to the point where less than
five in 1000 passengers give evil
dence of any discomfort whatever.
Only one person in 1000 suffers
from the effects of altitude and has
to take oxygen, which is provided
on all planes; only one in 1900 has
ear trouble; only one in $500 suf-
fers from nervous unrest; and only
one in 1000 indicates other miscel-
laneous discomforts.
United's survey Of 2,248, 1893 pas
sengers carried in the years 1888
through 1912 is declared the most
extensive of its kind made by any
airline on the subject Of passenger
discomfort.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-10-29
Records Show Accounting
Helps Boost Farm Profits

Accounting farmers are contrib
uting generously to the nations in
creased food and feed production by
tackling their agricultural problems
in a businesslike way" says j. B.
Cunningham, associate professor Of
farm management extension, Uni
versity of Illinois College of Agri-
culture.
This is brought out in summary
OF annual farm business reports Of
1892 Illinois farms for 1912. CO.
authors of the report, which appears
in the August issue of Illinois Farm
Economics, are Cunningham, P. E.
Johnston, professor Of agricultural
economics, and M. L. Mosher, pro-
fessor of agricultural economics ex-
tension.
Gross cash income a farm "a
measure of volume of production)
averaged $3,252 more on the ac-
counting farms than on the aver
age by all farms in the state when
adjusted to the same size as the
accounting farms. The average net
cash income an acre on accounting
farms rose from SLAP at the bottom
OF the depression in 1882 to 1921 in
1941. It reached q record peak of
$14.99 an acre during the past year.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-10-29
Grecian Sights

Peacetime visitors to Syracuse in
Sicily confined nearly all their sight
seeing to objects dating from 500
300 B. c.: the Doric Temple, the
Greek theater (third largest
known), the Castle Of Euryalus
(most important and complete Greek
fortification extant) and the several
quarries whose products built the
ancient city.
Aeschylus, Pindar, Theocritus and
possibly Plato lived in Syracuse for
varying periods, but Archimedes, In
ventor and mathematician, was the
city's foremost citizen. He. lent a
good deal Of color to the city by
such acts as running unclothed
through the streets shouting "Eu-
reka" after discovering the princi-
pie of water displacement while TAX
ing a bath.
Archimedes told his king that he
could move the earth, if he had a
place to stand and a lever long
enough. He helped put off Roman
conquest of Syracuse by setting fire
to invading ships by means of huge
magnifying glasses set up on shore.
When the city was finally taken,
Archimedes was stabbed to death
by Roman soldier while deeply abb
sorbed in mathematical problem.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-10-29
Early Records

Important official records of an
early period of wartime naval ship
building, which rivaled in its way
the present period Of construction,
have recently come to the Library
of Congress, Archibald MacLeish, Ii
brarian Of congress, has announced.
These interesting records consist Of
some 200 letters of the navy board
for the eastern department covering
the period November 8, 1779, to Feb
ruary 6, 1882, together with the min
utes Of the boards meetings for four
months at the end of TIT. The build
ing and supply of ships in New Eng
land ports for use in the Revolution
airy war are the principal subjects
of both correspondence and minutes.
Included are reports and other COM
munications to the board of admiral
ty, as well as letters to Revolution
airy agents and to captains Of the
navy.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-10-29
GOVERNMENT HAY

Cecil and Hartford counties, Md,
and Prince George county, Va, have
been added to the designated drought
area of the Middle Atlantic States by
the Commodity Credit Corporation,
and eligible farmers in these counties
are now in position to purchase
government hay at savings of from
$40 to SIS per ton.
The government is substituting the
hay to this extent to help dairymen
maintain their herds and milk pro-
duction SO that consumers may have
the needed supply of milk.
Southern States Cooperative has
been drafted by the governments to
purchase and distribute the hay. I'm
der an agreement with Commodity
Credit Corporation, Southern States
must sell the hay only to farm supply
dealers and farm cooperatives SER
vicing farm supplies and not to dairy
men. Dairymen, however, may pur-
chase the hay from agencies to which
Southern States sells the hay.
Orders for government hay are
being received by Southern States
Cooperative on an average of 100
cars day. The hay is being ordered
from shippers at somewhat lower
rate, SO after an order is placed, sew
eral weeks elapse before the dairy
man receives the hay.
The cost of the hay to dairymen,
cash in carlots, is SIS a ton for all
falfa, first cutting; $3.50 ton for
alfalfa, second cutting; and $40 d
ton for mixed hay. If dairyman
purchases hay in less than carlits
the agency may charge up to $2.50
per ton more, for cash.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-10-29
TO THE CITIZENS OF MARYLAND

III The CIT1XENS OH' MARYLAND
In an urgent appeal to all Mary
landers to join in the Home Front
Pledge Program to combat rising
prices and black markets, Leo H. Nc
Cormick, State OPA Director said:
1.-THE Home Front Pledge Program,
for which we in the State OPA are
asking your whole-hearted support,
is being launched this month in Ma
ryland. Your signature of this pledge
to pay no more than top legal prices
and to accept no rationed goods with
out giving up ration stamps will in
dictate that support. Enlist now" en-
phasized Mr.. Mccormick, Gin the vast
army of men and women who are
Ipatriotically determined to fight
Black Markets and to defend them
selves against runaway prices. This
will insure your stake in the future.
program is needed to make 1t effec-
tive"
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-10-29
POSTWAR PLANNING

A nationwide program of public
works is the most practical and eco
nomical way to provide jobs for in
dustrial workers and servicemen who
will be demobilized after the war.
but the cost of local projects should
be financed to a large extent by the
State and local communities, accord
ing to Kenneth Maxwell, regional
director of the Federal Works
Agency.
Discussing plans for postwar con-
struction, Mr.. Maxwell pointed out
that economic conditions in this
country after the war will be deter
mined largely by the amount of adj
vance planning done by State and To-
cal officials to absorb unemployment
during the period Of conversion from
war production to normal peacetime
industrial activity.
Congress has authorized the Pub
lie Roads Administration, unit Of
the Federal Works Agency, to assist
States and communities in financing
the preparation of engineering plans
for postwar highway construction
by advancing funds to the State High
Way Department, on matching bas-
is, and geat many States are tax
ing advantage of this aid to develop
working plans for highway projects
that will be built after the war, Mr..
Maxwell said.
He added, however, that no Fed
eral funds at present are available
for other types of postwar construc-
ton. He suggested that local COM
munities should appropriate funds to
employ engineers for this purpose
or assign the job to engineers in the
municipal department Of public
works.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-10-29
Fresh Fruits win Yield
Good Juices for Canning

Those softer fruits which the
Ihomemaker must discard for whole
fruit canning will give excellent
Juice provided they are free from
bruises and decay and in no way
overripe.
!; You may use rhubarb, berries,
cherries, currants, plums, cranber-
ries, or grapes, preferably locally
grown. Fruits from your garden or
nearby farms are best for juices,
since freshness plays an important
role in all successful canning. Red
raspberries make an especially fine
fruit Juice that retains the fresh
fruit flavor over many months, even
though it may lose some color in
time. Wild berries, if sufficiently
juicy, may be used and also the wild
Muscadine grape if it grows in your
region.
To preserve the fruity taste, juice
for beverages should be extracted
from the raw or slightly heated fruit.
Since apples and peaches do not give
up their juices readily when raw or
slightly heated, home economists do
not recommend them for home
canned beverage juice.
Citrus juices are hard to put up
at home and take a good deal of
sugar. Chemists of the department
of agriculture have found in their
experiments that citrus juice packed
in glass and stored at room temper
atures darkened and developed "off
favors."
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-10-29
Silk Worms Spin Cocoons

American-born silk worms reach
their maturity in month, at which
time they get down to the serious
business of spinning their cocoons.
The worms will spin enough silk
within a few hours to conceal them
selves from outside view, and will
then continue to spin for several
days until the cocoon is completed.
Ten days or so later the silk worm
emerges as a moth and breaks
through the silken shell. Since the
moth possesses no chewing mocha
nism it softens the cocoon by secret
ing solvent material and then
claws its way to the outside. Ordi-
narily these moths do not fly, be-
cause they have lost the use of their
wings through generations of domes-
tication.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-10-29
Nicaraguan Economy

In Nicaragua, food supply IL
linked with production Of rubber and
mahogany. Nicaragua is the big
gest producer Of natural rubber in
Central America. Upwards Of 5000
workers are collecting wild rubber.
Most of this rubber and much Of the
mahogany comes from the LOVELY
ing jungle regions drained by the
Coco river in the northeast. This
area was devastated by hurricane
in 1941 and further impoverished
by a banana blight. Banana grow
ing was one of the chief sources Of
living for the Coco river country.
For years the fruit used to be col
lected from the growers by steam
er, which often brought in supplies.
With the outbreak of war, the steam
er suspended service.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-10-29
CECIL COUNTY DERDs
RECORDED

Bertha F. Murray, widow, to
Robert A. Churchman anu wife. All
that lot or parcel or land situate in
the town Of Port Deposit, Cecil
county, Md.
Francis e. Hinckley end wife to
Jessie T. England. ALL that lot Or
parcel of land situate in the Third
Election District Of Cecil County,
Md, containing 1900 acres Of land
more or less.
Ella B. Powell, widow, to Poague
r. Paxton and wife. All that certain
lot or parcel of land state on West
High Street, in the town OF Elkton,
Cecil County, Md.
Joseph H. Heath and wife to AL
F. Wheeler. All that lot OF land sit
uate in the Seventh Election District
of Cecil County, Md. Containing
1850 SO. 4. of land, more or less.
Katherine s. McKelvy, single wom-
an, to e. Kirk Brown, Jr., and Her.
bert Shallcross All that lot of land
situate and lying ON West Main
Street in the town of Rising Sun, Md.
Joseph Duham, widower, to How
j. Durham. All that lot of land lying
in the Sixth Election District Of Cecil
County, Md. Containing liz acres
and IL perches of land, more or less.
Efie c.. Kidd, widow, ct al, to
Joseph Preston Conrad and wife. All
those two lots or parcels Of land
situate and lying in the village OF
Calvert, Cecil County, Md.
Charles G.. Trail, single man, to
Harry G. Mcdowell and wife. All
that farm or tract Of land situate in
the Ninth Election District of Cecil
County, Md. Containing 80 acres OF
land, more or less.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-10-29
Army Doctors Report Tick
MAY Cause New Disease

A new disease entity heretofore
undescribed, which they term Bull
lis fever, apparently transmitted by
q tick, Is reported in the Journal Of
the American Medical Association
by Col. John c. Woodland, Maj. Nor
decai M. Mcdowell and Capt. John
T. Richards, medical corps, Army
Of the United States.
The disease was first recognized
In the spring and summer Of 1912
at the Brooke General hospital, Fort
Sam Houston, Texas. It Is self linn
tied In most instances and apparent
ly confers immunity on those con-
tracing 1t, since no occurrences
have been observed.
The onset Of the disease usually
was abrupt with an initial chill or
chilly sensation ushering in the at
tack. Fever soon followed. A great
majority Of the men complained of
headache. There was a pronounced
lassitude, prostration, loss Of appe-
tite and general weakness during the
fever stage Of the disease and a few
patients were nauseated and vomit-
ed. The fever lasted from 4 to Ia
days and in the average case the
temperature was elevated for a little
over five days. Convalescence was
protracted, especially II the illness
had been severe. There was loss
Of weight In a great many Of the
In Al "a
the disease rash, resembling Ger
man measles and at times typhus,
made its appearance early in the
disease but disappeared within 48
hours. In about 10 per cent Of the
cases skin manifestations developed.
From clinical observation, the au-
thors report, 1t is apparent that the
incubation period Of the disease Is
from 2 to 10 days.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-10-29

Probably more irons are damaged
by falling or being dropped than
any other way. A fall may injure
the thermostat or throw it out of
adjustment, it may cause broken
connections inside so that the iron
will not heat, it may chip or crack
the handle, or 1t may scratch or
nick the sole plate so that it catches
in fabric as you iron. Give special
attention to the placing of your iron
while in use. Set it down firmly on
stand to protect your ironing
board or stand it on its heel. Keep
it away from the edge of the board
and If it is necessary to stretch
the cord across a space where peo-
pie must pass, guard it carefully.
Someone is apt to trip on the cord
and pull the iron to the floor.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-10-29
Jump With Two Chutes

U. S. paratroops jump with two
chutes, the main one on their backs
(28 feet in diameter) and a reserve
az feet) hooked on in front. The
reserve is released by ripcord, the
main by a 15-foot long static line
hooked to cable inside the plane.
At is feet the static line rips off
the pack cover, begins drawing out
the chute itself. At As feet the
chute is fully drawn out and the
fine silk "break-cord," connecting
chute and static line, breaks. After
a further fall of around so feet the
chute opens. It should not take
longer than two or three seconds.
In all, a paratrooper usually drops
around 100 feet down and 400 feet
forward momentum from the
planes speedy before his chute
opens.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-10-29
Alaskan Air Tramc

In Alaska in 1941 commercial air
craft carried 1892 passengers g.
O67,7l2 miles, delivered over IA, 200
pounds of mail, and hauled in and
out of the territory just under 5000.
600 pounds of merchandise, ranging
from gold to mining machinery. A
large part Of Alaska, a good part
OF the year, used to be ''frozen in. ;,
and distances are so great it took
weeks to get from the coast to in
terror points. BY plane, Alaska
Is only few hours from Seattle or
Chicago, and the Yukon can be
reached as easily In the winter az
can any section in the United States.
Aircraft transportation has de.
stroyed its isolation, and made the
carrying of freight and passengers
. year-round business.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-10-29
Sea Water Undrinkable
Mixture of Elements

How to "unscramble'' sea water
chemically so that a drinkable, life
sustaining liquid results, is one OF
the latest discoveries stimulated by
war conditions-in this case by the
tragic plight Of hundreds of mari
ners and fliers set adrift at sea,
many to die of thirst. A kit for
treating the sea water, developed by
scientists of the navy and other
agencies, will be placed in ships
lifeboats and in the rubber RATS car
ried by overseas airplanes.
From the point of view of drink
ableness by man, sea water is just
water with an assortment OF i'll
tasting and poisonous chemicals. 1t
is a sort of "world soup" leached
and stewed from the bony frame
work of the earth through untold
geologic ages.
Almost every conceivable SUBJ
stance has been washed by rains
and rivers into the sea, but some
are there now in solution in tre-
mendously greater strength than
others OF the 90 elements that
make up the earth and everything
in it, 40 have been found In sea
water. 1t is likely that traces OF
many of the other 43 are there too.
The ease with which materials
dissolve is one important factor in
what is found in the sea today.
Silicon (chief ingredient in sand),
aluminium, and iron are the three
most abundant solid elements in the
earth's crust; but because they are
so hard to dissolve, sea water is
practically free of them.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-10-29
Postum PLAYS

A pipeline worker from Pensyl.
vania, who had been leaving his
lunch on the rear seat of his car.
according to Pennsylvania Game
News, had ben missing choice NOR.
sells for several days. Then one day
he found all the meat gone from his
sandwiches, his fruit completely
consumed and the paper bag badly
torn. When he attempted to drive
his car home that night, it refused
to start and had to be towed to a
garage. There q mechanic found a
mother opossum, with IL young in
her pouch, hiding under the dash,
where she had chewed the insulation
of the wiring and had short-circuit-
ed the ignition system.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-10-29
Paraguay Rich, Colorful

On June ii, 1911, Paraguay sep
arated and established its independ-
ence. She waged a five-year war
Of horror against Argentina, Brazil
and Uruguay. Today Paraguay is
known for its beef products, hides,
cotton, tannin, oranges, tobacco and
vegetable oils. Yerba mate was first
grown here. Quebracho wood from
Paraguay's forests is important in
tanning hides. Itaugua lace, sheer
as cobwebs, is made by the Guarani
Indians. The lovely old city of
Asuncion, the remains of Jesuit
temples, the beauty of the Parana
river, wild birds in the palm trees
of the Chaco region-these are high
lights in Paraguay.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-10-29
Failing Leaves

Falling of sugar maple leaves dur
ing June should cause no great
concern among home owners. This
condition is caused by the maple
petiole borer. Although the number
of leaves which fall may seem large
they represent but a very small per-
centage of the leaves on the tree,
and usually little if any effect results
to the tree.
The worm or larval stage Of the
insect hollows out portion of the
petiole or leaf stem causing 1t to
break, letting the leaf and part of
the leaf stem fall to the ground. A
few days later the remainder of the
petiole with the larva enclosed falls
to the ground. The larva enters the
ground where it remains Until next
spring when it emerges again in the
form o. \ very minute sawfiy.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-10-29
To Control Garden Web worms

The garden web worm is easy to
identify because of the web it spins
at the base Of its host plant. It
feeds during the night and spends
the day in its. web. To control gar
den web worms, a dust made Of one
part calcium arsenate or arsenate
of lead to four or five parts of
high grade, high calcium lime is
recommended. A suitable dust may
also be made with dry Bordeaux
Is pounds of calcium arsenate to
100 pounds of dry Bordeaux. If a
spray is preferred, it may be made
by adding three or four pounds of
the arsenical to 100 gallons of liquid
Bordeaux. Thickness and thorough
ness Of application are important.
Examining crops often and careful
ly so that the dust or spray may
be applied just as soon as the infes-
tation is noticed is suggested.