davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-12-12

adviser are assigned and detailed
script is prepared. The script goes
back to the director for further ap-
proval, and each script is scrutinized
by training experts Of the branch. It
may be ordered revised or even re-
jected. The officers may decide, after
seeing the idea elaborated, that it is
unsuitable or unnecessary.
I'VE don't make pictures Just to be
making them," an officer at one of the
training headquarters explained. I'VE
must be convinced that new subject
will make an actual contribution to
conditioning the men for combat or for
whatever service they are performing" !"
But If the scenario finally is ap-
proved, 1t is sent, in the name of the
commanding general of the branch, to
the Army Pictorial Service for produc-
ton and distribution.
Production Centers.
The officer named technical adviser,
who has collaborated with the scenario
writer in preparing the script. follows
the picture into production and stays
with 1t until it is completed.
The Pictorial Service has two produc-
ton centers, in New York and in Holly
wood. The New York Office has Gov
ernment studio at Astoria, Long Island,
and Hollywood, naturally, has no
lack Of facilities, which make pictures
under contract. Sometimes it is pos
sible to shoot the entire subject at one
OF the Army studios. Say, 1t was how
to repair truck or how to peel spuds.
The more elaborate pictures may re-
quire variety of locales. There may
be shots on maneuvers, in camp, at
the battle front, at sea-all part Of q
sequence illustrating some phase Of
Evening star., 1943-12-12
Dramatic Role of American Airlnes to Help Win the War

done are almost limitless. Before the
Battle Of Midway in the summer Of
1912, when part of the Japanese feet
was headed for Alaska, eight lines were
thrown" into the service Of hauling
troops and supplies to Dutch Harbor
and vicinity.
Planes Every S Minutes
A troop carrier command officer COM
mented more than a year later that
the airlines sent up every available big
plane =. These planes and their
pilots were put to work as fast as they
arrived-I was told that there was
plane landing and taking OF every five
minutes. Within two weeks, If the Japs
had struck Alaska, they would have
found 1t in shape to make an attack
very costly indeed" At the same time,
six airlines were thrown" into New
foundland for emergency work there.
Recently Americas giant of the in
ternational air field, Pan American Air.
ways, announced that flight crews of its
system had completed 5000 transoceanic
crossings since Pearl Harbor flying more
than $1,000, 900 airplane miles and car
rying some 100000 900 ton-miles OF war
cargo, These figures included 2,733
crossings of the Atlantic Ocean for the
Air Transport Command, 481 crossings
for the Naval Air Transport Service and
flights of Clippers on regular schedules
between the United States, Europe and
the British Isles. In the Pacific fight
crews of the far-flung airways. system
made 1921 crossings between Hawaii
and the United States and another $40
Evening star., 1943-12-12

include sex and personal hygiene, mil
itary courtesy and customs of the serv-
Ice, the Articles of War military law),
and the organization Of the Army.
If there is time before the inducted
men leave the reception center for some
unit, they also see pictures on first aid.
injuries and accidents, and on basic
instruction in the school of the soldier.
Otherwise, they probably will see these
pictures when they reach the organiza-
ton to which they have been assigned.
There also is a list of pictures which
the War Department says every en-
listed man Should" see during his first
six months of training, These deal
with Identification of aircraft, gas
masks, map reading, anti-mechanized
defense, use of natural cover and con-
cealment, weapons of the infantry di-
visions and other basic subjects.
What training officers, in general,
think of training films is shown by
comments made in reports to the film
distribution section, Office of the Chief
Signal Oficer. A few excerpts are
cited:
1ST SERVICE COMMAND, BOS-
TON: THE use of films in training
has enlivened the interest of the men
and has furnished a means of DEM
onstration that in many cases other
wise would be impossible"
2ND SERVICE COMMAND, FORT
WADSWORTH, N. Y: Training
periods are definitely shortened. for
there is need for less lecturing on
routine subjects
Evening star., 1943-12-12
BY cambridge Crist.

oy 0e~AAAOA AA6O SAAoV.
On the Sunday after Pearl Harbor.
Col Edgar S. Gorren, president Of the
Air Transport Association-trade asso-
citation Of the scheduled airlines-was
called to the War Department. He was
told that planes were needed to fly
troops to a certain place abroad. Pick
ing up the telephone and contracting
parts of the air transport system, Col.
Gorrell was successful in having planes
notified by radio within fives minutes to
land their passengers and cargo and
proceed to the point of assembly. The
planes were there before the troops had
finished packing their equipment.
That was dramatic beginning for the
role which the American airlines have
played since our entrance into this
global war. The plans for participa-
ton in war by the airlines were laid out
by the industry as far back as 1896,
revised in 1887 and thrown into high
gear with the outbreak of hostilities.
They have trained pilots, mechanics
technicians, radiomen, flown war ma
terials and troops to every part OF the
worldwide battle front, maintaining
thousands of scheduled miles over vast
oceans and tractless wastes of land. At
home, with limited equipment, they have
maintained more than $4,000 miles of
routes and carried a greater amount
of airmail and cargo than ever before in
their history.
Examples of what the airlines have
Evening star., 1943-12-12

TWA, to help supply crews for inter-
national routes, operates ground and
flight crew schools in Kansas City, Mo-,
where they have their huge modihca-
ton center for QUILTING medium bomb
ers with special battle equipment.
United mas a modification center for
bombers at Cheyenne, Wyo., which has
made last-minute alterations on FLYING
Fortresses-alterations dictated by les
sons in combat on various air fronts.
In general, the airlines have done over
haul, repair and special work for the
Army.
Ground and Flight Schools
One of the most active airlines in the
war has been Northwest. At the St,
Paul modification project the four
motored Liberators are tailored" for
battle. When the Army requested this
line to do the work shortly after the
outbreak Of war, Is regular NWA
mechanics set about the task. Now the
k<SAoVAAAOA OOVe1Ao 1,OOO d1lO tWO new QuQ0
hangers have been constructed.
When the Army put the problem of
supply of Alaska up to Northwest, it was
necessary to send expert pilots on a
survey flight. In one case landing field
had to be slashed out of the wilderness
A giant Norwegian lumberjack, with
rifle, frying pan, food and tools, boarded
plane, which circled small lake near
the site. The lumberjack jumped into
the ice-cold lake, swan ashore and
started telling and dynamiting trees
alone. Sixty days later he marched
through the forest to telephone to tell
Northwest's pilots to come in!
Top Men for the Army
The airlines have contributed their
share Of top men to the Army,s ATC.
Assisting Maj. Gen. Harold L. George,
head Of ArC, arc the former president
Of American Airlines, Brig. Gen. G. r..
Evening star., 1943-12-12

Western Air, Inc This line, with its ex-
perience in four-e -engined transconti-
mental stratoliners, set UP a special
school at Albuquerque, N. Mex, to train
ferry flight crews for advanced training
In the handling of twin and four engine
bombers. BY the time the school closed.
and the Army took over such operations.
1,l43 men had been trained for flight as
signments. Seventeen days after the
outbreak of war, the stratoliners were
turned over to the Army and, after re-
cruitment of TWA cews, they began to
wing their way to Africa. In the follow
Ing 18 months more than 1000 ocean
crossings have been completed by TWA
crews for the ATC. Other lines, of
course, also are flying beyond the bor-
ders of the United States. United Air
Lines maintains an aerial lifeline tn
Australia, American Export goes to
North Africa. American and Eastern 90
TO South America and Northwest To
Alaska.
Training Ferry Crews
Not a. spectacular, perhaps, but Of
great Importance has been the work of
the airlines in training, engineering, ex-
perimentation and modification Of
planes of the assembly line to meet the
changing needs without upsetting mass
production schedules.
In February of this year American
Airlines established schools for the
Army and Navy to train pilots, navi-
gators, radio operators, control, priority
and transportation officers and me-
chanics. The line was committed to
training between so and 70 per cent of
all the Army men assigned to all the
airlines. In experimental work Amer
ican carried out extensive tests on life
raft equipment and its engineering de-
partment co-operated in putting the
hrst pontoon on q Cat, the Army YER
sion Of the commercial passenger plane,
DC-1.
Evening star., 1943-12-12

Smith; Col. Ray w. Ireland, UnitedS
traffic manager; Col. Robert J. Smith,
Braniffs vice president; Col. Harold r.
Harris, vice president of Pan Americana
Grace Airlines; Col. Lawrence G. Fritz,
head of TWAS operations. Other air.
line personnel-pilots, navigators and
weathermen-are either on leave to the
Army or Navy or flying for the airlines
under contract with the armed services,
The Airlines at Home
Unheralded but impressive has been
the record of the airlines at home. In
May of 1912 the Federal Government
requisitioned almost $50 out Of approxi-
mately $50 planes of our domestic lines.
About 20 planes have been returned and
reports are current that more will b
returned In the future. As of September
l. with only ITS planes, 1e lines were
authorized to fly 301,9 ,98s miles . day,
which compares with 36sse7 before tho
schedules were reduced after requisi-
tioning. Whereas in the past these
planes were flying eight hours a day.
they are now in the air about liz
day. But safety standards have not
been lowered, nor have the careful,
periodic overhauling jobs on motors and
the planes themselves been slackened.
With not much more than half of their
previous equipment, 18 lines totaled g.
OH, ,101.8 1882 mail pound-miles between
August 81, 1912, and August 81, 1943,
compared with only 34,304, ,227 ,152 man
,pound-miles the preceding year. Simi-
larly, express pound in the 1923
period was q, 9,76s, $50. .46S, Jump from
1858, 1902 215 express pound-miles the
year before. Shipments have included
guch necessities Of war as blue prints,
spare parts and even entire engines.
Evening star., 1943-12-12
Army Training Films Teach
Lessons in Life and Death

There was the piano. But that was too
obvious. Examination disclosed it could
be played safely. But one officer could
not resist Strengthening picture. The
bomb went of, destroying the room and
all in 1t.
Training films are divided into sew
eral general classes. There are the
orientation pictures, which the recruit
sees when he first goes to camp, which
explain to him the causes and back
ground OF the war, and the other pic
lures teach him personal and sex hy-
glene, pointing out the hazards and re-
suits OF venereal disease, which imple-
ment his basic training. There are the
so-called nuts and bolts" films de-
voted to exposition OF such specific SUBJ
jects as how to take a rifle apart and
clean it, how to repair truck and build
road. Third, there are the attitude
building" or psychological pictures, and
these include the Fighting Men" series,
many of them dealing with lessons at
the front.
The smaller prints, 16-mm, are in most
prevalent use, and they are exhibited
from portable projectors in classrooms
and recreation halls to troop units
seldom exceeding company strength.
more often to smaller units. The 35-mm.
prints usually are reserved for basic
subjects which may be shown in post
theaters to units as large as battalions.
In addition to the motion picture, con-
siderable use is made of the film strip.
A strip Is merely series Of individual
pictures printed on strip OF 35-mm.
film and shown from a protector
carried in case about the size of a
woman's purse. A strip may be stopped
at any time for further scrutiny of a
picture and additional explanation by
the instructor.
Vast Army Film Industry.
Something of the size of the Army's
film industry may be figured from a
recent estimate that the military forces
are producing, in actual release print
footage, more film than any Hollywood
studio. Since January !, 1912, the num-
ber OF training film subjects produced
has increased from 155 to 1893. And
production of new films continues.
All new films originate in the field,
where training is in progress. This
may be anywhere in the United States
or even at points overseas where troops
are schooling for battle. Pictures al
ready produced are catalogued in the
film libraries maintained at the various
posts. But If training commander
wants new subject screened, he pre-
pares synopsis, outlining his idea. This
synopsis is forwarded to the director Of
training of the branch concerned
ground forces, service forces or air forces.
The director OF training, stationed in
Washington, determines whether the
proposed picture would fill an actual
need, serve useful purpose in the
type Of training involved. If he thinks
so, scenario writer and technical
Evening star., 1943-12-12

Two films had been borrowed from
the British, and these were mounted
with the same care the American public
learned to expect years ago, after see
ing such British features as Henry
VIII" and ''The Lady Vanishes" One
of these training pictures dealt with
body lice, explaining the dreadful
diseases they carry, such as typhus, and
measures which have been taken to
keep the armies free of them. The
other movie showed enemy officers es-
tablishing headquarters in q residence.
The retreating army had left BOBBY
traps, and the officers examined objects
tn the living room with the utmost care.
Imperial Valley press., 1943-10-20

William F. Halsey's south Pacific
command intercepted six-ship
japanese convoy travelling south
ward off Kavieng, New Ireland,
Sunday and pounded it intermit-
tently for "a hours.
An 8,000-ton transport, loaded
with enemy troops, was set afire
by direct bomb hit and left sink
ing off MuSSau island, off the
northwestern tip Of New Ireland
Two other 1,000-ton freighterS were
attacked and damaged and an
enemy float plane was shot down.
MacArthur's communique report
ed increasingly fierce land action
around Finschhafen, on the north
eastern coast of New Guinea, where
strong force of Japanese troops
attacked repeatedly in an effort to
dislodge Australian troops from the
base
The Australians wiped out the
last remnants of Japanese rein
forcementS that landed from barges
north of FinSchhafen over the
weekend, counting 81 enemy bodies
around the mouth of the Song
river.
Imperial Valley press., 1943-10-20
DISCOUNTiNG THE
GROCERY BILL
(St. Louis Star-TimeS)

NA2A' LVbiS AAs'i AAiiANSJ
Problem: If quart of milk delivered
to the back stoop costs II cents and the
ceiling price is 16 cents, who lost the pen
ny?
Under the food subsidy plan as pro-
posed by War Food Administrator Mar
vim Jones, the difference between cost
and price is paid to producers by the
Commodity Credit Corporation, whose
funds come from Federal taxpayers,
which, in wartime, means everybody. The
alternative solution is to boost the price
to the consumer.
That the Administration expects rough
sailing in Congress with its request for
a billon-dollar subsidy is shown by the
news that President Roosevelt is expect
ed to send a message soon ION the food
situation.
Administrator Jones will need all the
help he can get. The House Banking
and Currency Committee was hostile
when Jones appeared before it recently.
In the Senate, the powerful farm bloc is
a stone wall.
The farm bloc. which opposes subsd-
les and favors higher prices for basic
farm crops, is entrenched in the South,
where cotton and tobacco rule, and in
Jiie SOiu anu Niledl, poIh anu DSel olealco
of the Mississippi Valley. The Demo-
cratic party has no fear of losing the
IL states of the solid South. On the
other hand, it lost the corn belt states
in 1912, some of them in 1910, and has
little hope of recapturing them in the
next general election.
Therefore, Democratic strategy must
focus on the labor vote, heavily concen-
trated by war industries in the North
east and Far West. The national strug-
gle narrows down to the populous states
of New York, Massachusetts. Ohio, Mich
igan, Illinois, and California. That it
will be a struggle is shown by the fact
that the Republicans carried every one
of these States in 1912
1t is from these big states that the
administration must win the necessary
support for its subsidy program. In
the critical matter of food, labor is on
the consumers end. In demanding sub
sides instead of rise in prices of farm
products the administration makes a bid
for the labor vote and lays down a first
line of battle for 1914.
Imperial Valley press., 1943-10-20
LEGAL ADVERTISEMENT
CERTIFICATE OF BUSINESS
Fictitious firm Name

THE UNDERSIGNED does here
by certify that he is conducting a
Termite Control business at lao
North Fifth Street. Ell Centro, CAL
ifornia. under the fictitious firm
name of VALLEY TERMITE CON-
troll COMPANY and that said
firm is composed of the following
persons, whose names and address
es are as follows. to-wit:
ALLEN C. DEAN.
WITNESS my hand this 5th day
of Oct, 1943.
ALLEN G. DEAN.
STATE OF CALIFORNIA
) SIS.
COUNTY OF IMPERIALD
On this 5th day of October, AID,
l943, before me, p. l.. Moore, No
tary Public in and for said County
and State, personally appeared AL
len c. Dean, known to me to be tnc
person whose name is subscribed. to
the within Instrument. and ac-
knowledged to me that he executed
the same.
In witness whereof, / have here
unto set my hand and affixed my
official seal the day and year in
this certificate first above written.
P. l.. MOORE,
Notary Public in and for
said County and State.
mo. 10D (O6-13-20-2D
Imperial Valley press., 1943-10-20
PUBLIC CONFUSED
(Uxnard Press-Courier)

No one can blame the public for be-
coming slightly confused at times over
the war Take the case of a congress
man who had just returned from Eng
land and an American air force lieuten-
ant just back from a sortie over Ger
many 1t so happened that remarks of
the congressman and those of the air
force lieutenant were given to the public
on the same day.
The congressman, Will Rogers, Jr,
said in Los Angeles that the nazis had
perfected a weapon in the form of rock
cts fired from airplanes that was deal
ing the allies much trouble and also
spoke enthusiastically of other nazi
fighting equipment. The American air
force lieutenant just returning from
dropping bombs on Germany said that
his crew encountered nazi planes carry
ing rockets but they were entirely inef-
fectual. He reported that the nazis were
not getting anywhere with the rocket
attack.
Is it possible that when Will Rogers
was in London somebody told him about
the nazi rockets and what they might do
to our air force The latest report, how
ever, comes direct from the front and the
flier who came back from an attack over
Germany said the rockets did no damage
to the planes in his squadron Now the
public can make its own choice as to who
would know best about this type of Ger
man weapon.
Imperial Valley press., 1943-10-20
FIGHTING CONTINUES

Bitter fighting was reported con-
tinuing. however. at Katika, five
miles north of the port, and a head
quarters spokesman admitted that
the japanese are making some
progress
Six japanese bombers and 12
fighters raided the Australian posi-
tions but failed to cause any DAM
age, the communique, said.
There was no report on the pro-
gress of an Australian column driv-
ing overland on the enemy base at
Madang, 165 miles northwest of
Finschhafen Yesterdays COM
munique indicated the Australians
had broken through Madangs
southern defenses and were within
about 10 miles of the base.
American patrol planes in the
northern SolomonS bombed and
Strafed enemy barge concentrations
around Bougainville island.
Imperial Valley press., 1943-10-20
Editorials and Comment
ALLIED COOPERATION

In spite of any political differences OF
the Allied nations there is complete
unity on the vital subject of winning the
war
This is no better exemplified than in
the recent signing of an agreement by
the United States, Britain and Canada
to increase the flow Of war supplies to
the Soviet Union.
AT a time when u. S. Secretary of
State Cordell Hull and British Foreign
Minister Anthony Eden are in Moscow
for conferences with Foreign Minister
V. M. Molotov, the Allies have asserted
their intent to continue unparalleled CO.
operation with the quick defeat of Hit
ler's gangsters the only objective
There are undoubtedly many questions
rising from many origins which remain
to be settled. But it is obvious that
they are held to be second in Importance
by the leaders of the major powers.
The subjects of postwar borders of
Russia and other peace demands to be
made upon the Nazis after the last shot
has been fired will have to be decided
sooner or later. Those questions are
even now the subject of conversations
of great Importance and may be decided
within the near future.
The most significant part of the new
agreement with Russia is. tie revelation
that for a period of three months desper-
ately needed equipment to spark the Red
summer offensive continued to reach that
country from the other Allies despite
the fact that no formal pact was in exist
ence
This can spell only one thing: doom for
Imperial Valley press., 1943-10-20
POLICING THE WORLD

Official thought on the postwar polio
ing of the world appears to have settled
back to level on which the administra-
tion can hope to have enthusiastic-or at
least firnl-popular approval.
For time, the thinkers were consider
ing an international army to which ali
nations of good faith would contribute.
This United Nations Army would con-
sist, like the old French Foreign Legion.
of men OF every race, who for the period
of their service, would foreswear service
to the United States, Britain, France,
tions
The current idea is less radical. 1t
contemplates co-ordinated military CO.
operation against any belligerent but
each nation would retain authority over
its own soldiery. The public will like
this much better
Imperial Valley press., 1943-10-20
Highest US Award
Goes to Sergeant

HELENVILLE, Wis, Oct. 20. CUP)
M. Sgt. Kenneth Gruennert, 20,
who died hero's death in New
Guinea last December, was post
humously his country'S highest dec
grafton, the Congressional Medal of
Honor.
His parents, Mr.. and Mrs. Arthur
Gruennert were invited to Washing
ton at the government expense to
receive the medal personally from
President Roosevelt.
But they thought the invitation
over and declined, offering these
reasons in a letter to the adjutant
generals office:
only last week thousands of
other parents lost their loved ones
on battlefields, all brave boys who
were loved b" their parents as much
aS we loved our son. These parents
cannot all converge on Washington,
and because of the common bond
we have with them, we feel that we
shouldn't either"
Imperial Valley press., 1943-10-20
laps Communists,
Sen Tenney Says

LOS ANGELES, Oct 20-CUPD-
State Sen. Jack Tenney, D., today
charged communist pressure groups
had successfully recruited Cali
fornia japanese before Pearl Har-
Dor and are now working for re-
turn of aliens to the Pacific coast.
Beware of these pressure groups"
Tenney told a senate investigating
committee. Many of them are
communist front organizations who
are raising a cry of race discrim-
ination merely to cloud the issue"
The Senator said many Japs
aside from having dual citizenship
as Americans and japanese, were
also members of the Comintern.