davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1943-09-03
WAGES:
Go Up

Average pay of workers in all
manufacturing industries was $50
cents an hour in June, the depart
ment of labor figures disclose. This
is 10 per cent higher than in June,
1912. Weekly earnings averaged
S43.35 in June, compared with $43.22
for May. In durable goods facto-
ries (makers of tractors, furniture,
planes, etc. the average was $49.37,
and in non-durable Canned vegeta-
bles, paper products, etc. the aver
age pay was $34.4l a week. Be-
cause of expanding activity, man.
hours increased some five million
over May.
Employment figures show that
there are now 100000 women
working, an increase of three mil
lion over last year. In the same
period number of men employed de-
clined by 100000 from IS, 900, 1000 to
37,200,O00. Nearly two million more
women are wanted by industry.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1943-09-03
SOUTH PACIFIC:
Slip on Moose

By occupying Vella Lavella is
land American troops slipped a
tight moose around remaining Japa-
nese forces in the central Solomons.
Vella Lavella lies to the north of
Kolombangara island, where 5000
Nipponese stood entrenched. To the
south of Kolombangara is New
Georgia island, which U. S. dough-
boys dominated.
AS General MacArthur's offensive
developed, with the central Solo
mons in the Americans grip, the
Japanese were left with outposts
only in the northeastern area of the
islands.
AS MacArthur's Solomons' forces
wound up for the knockout punch,
waves of Allied bombers staged a
surprise attack on the Japanese air
base at Weewak, New Guinea, de-
stroying 120 planes and killing 1880
personnel. Caught unawares, Jap
planes were packed solidly on the
field when the Allied airmen flew
over, proving easy targets. The en-
envy craft represented reinforce
ments that had been sent to bolster
Jap ground troops at Salamaua to
the south, where Allied units had
pressed within Is miles of the big
base.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1943-09-03

habits. The President is opposed to
it-and his wife agrees with him
the treasury is opposed to it.
The spending tax is said to be too
complicated and likewise appears to
be unpopular with the treasury.
Then there is this personal excess
income tax of which you will soon
be hearing more. The chief objec-
ton to that tax seems to be that it
is too hard to work out; that it is
too hard to make it just and fair.
Even the Nazis who tried it gave it
up after about years trial.
When the personal excess income
tax comes up, you will hear many
arguments against it. Like many of
these other "unorthodox" methods,
it requires the establishment of what
is called "base period" to estab-
fish comparison. That is, some
period of time during which the
amount earned by the individual is
taken as a base. Then what he is
making now is compared with that
base" and the difference taxed.
But that is pretty hard thing to
work out because so many adjust
ments would have to be made for
special cases that the government
would never be able to examine each
case and pass on it fairly.
Take the young doctor. The year
before the war, he may have been
graduated from medical school.
Probably he had little or no income
then. Then he begins to practice
and in wartime, doctors are in de-
mand. He may have made a fair
income this year. Would it be fair
to tax the "excess" if it were the diff
ference between this years earnings
and the "base period" when he was
earning nothing at all?
Too Many Inequities
Then there are many men who
are getting more money now be-
cause they work longer hours or
have received just and deserved pro-
motions-all these things immedi-
ately come into the picture when you
begin to straighten out the inequi-
ties, when you really try to tax a
just percentage of mans income.
And so the predictions which are
being made in Washington now are
that the next tax bill will be a pretty
orthodox" affair, it will simply
have about the same kind of exemp-
tions, little higher percentage tax,
and will be rushed through at the
last minute after as many members
of congress have objected to the
clauses which they think will be I'M
popular with their constituents. The
government needs the money and
needs it quickly. The people don't
want to be taxed any more than
can be helped and the congressman
will lean over backwards trying to
please the people.
Meanwhile, the treasury tells US
that most of the money which is be-
ing earned due to the great in
crease in production caused by the
war is going to people whose in
comes are less than $4,000 a year
seven-eighths of it. So at least seven
eighths of the taxes ought to come
from that group.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1943-09-03
MINERS:
48-HOur Week

Miners working AZ hours a week
were permitted to work an addi-
tional six hours at time-and-a-hal
pay under an order issued by the
War Labor board and approved by
President Roosevelt. With the SO OBJ
tanned for the extra six hours, min
ers will receive $51 for their 48-hour
week.
Secretary of the Interior Harold
L. Ickes, government operator of the
mines, had asked the WLB for the
48-hour week to stimulate produc-
ton of coal and avert a possible
fuel shortage. The 48-hour week
formed one of John L. Lewis pro-
posals for new contract, along with
pay for underground travel of ST .25
a day, which the WLB has been con-
sidering.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1943-09-03
POST OFFICE

Postal deficit was set at s., SAB, 1922
for the fiscal year ending June 30,
when the post Office department
closed its books. This loss is the
lowest since 1919. Last year the de-
ficiency was ST., 1926, 1876.
Revenues totaled 1851 ,059 500, an
increase of $101, 242, 199 over last
year. The increase almost equalled
the entire income for the year 1900.
Expenditures amounted to 1864, 602,-
812, an increase of $92, $3.50, 1876. Sal
aries Of employees accounted for n
per cent of the costs.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1943-09-03

wealth of Malaga and the Indies.
Looking at home, Byrnes prom
ised prices of actual necessities will
be scaled down under the stabiliza-
ton program. Increased taxes or
forced savings" must. be adopted
to drain off 20 billion dollars of ex-
cess purchasing power, he said. And
revisions in the governments pro-
curement program will make pos
sible production of some essential
civilian goods, he reported.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1943-09-03
OPA:
Changes Made

As a result of Office of Price Ad-
ministration policies, the cost of liv-
ing dropped fractionally during the
last two months and should register
a further decline in August, Chester
Bcwles, new OPA general manager,
declared. Aim Of the government
is to bring prices to the September,
1912, levels, and keep them in line
with the sterilization of wages at
IS per cent over the early 1941
figures.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1943-09-03
NORWAY:
Underground Stirring

Apparently moving to suppress
underground" activities, lately
spanked by hopes of Allied invasion,
Nazi authorities have placed Nor
way under virtual martial law. Ac-
cording to Swedish radio reports, a
state of siege has been declared for
the entire nation. Imprisonment and
executions are being employed to
suppress all organizations that might
be able to assist the Allies in the
event of invasion.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1943-09-03

The Nazi ministry of propaganda
has ordered all literature about Be-
nito Mussolini withdrawn from Ger
man libraries and bookshops espe-
cially those drawing a parallel be-
tween him and Adolf Hitler, the Rus
sian Tass news agency said in quot
ing a report from Berlin reaching
Geneva. The parallel did exceeding
ly little to help the cause of Hitler
in his countrymen's eyes
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1943-09-03
B r | E F S BY Baukhage

An honorable discharge from the
army during the present war will be
signified by a lapel button, the war
department has announced.
The British radio in a French
language youth hour broadcast to
the continent declared: young
men, gain time. If you avoid going
to Germany today, perhaps you will
never have to CO."
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1943-09-03

and placed certain positions requir-
ing high skills at the bottom of the
draft rolls.
In effect, the new regulation puts
teeth into the order to draft fathers
after October /, since dads holding
non-essential jobs will be called
ahead of others employed in essen
tial industry. Provision has been
made, however, for fathers to switch
to essential occupations.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1943-09-03

Director James F.
Byrnes told the ma
ton "the roads to
Be Rim and Tokyo
are still long, hard
and bloody" We
have met less than
7 per cent of the
en- mics arm ed
forces in Europe, he
said, and in the Pa
cific, the Japanese
not only control most
of the productive
resources of China,
but also the great
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1943-09-03

eastern Shore, tne
island fell, with
140, 900 Axis pris-
oners reported
captured. AS Gen.
George S. Pat
toms Doughboys
from the Seventh
American army
swept into Mes
sina to take over
the enemy's last
stron ghold, the
Italian mainland
doomed two miles
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1943-09-03
WNU Service, Union Trust Building
Washington, D. C.


As far back as biblical days, the
tax collector was an unpopular per-
son.
Today you don't see the tax col
lector but you know who writes the
tax laws and the folks who do (con-
gress) lead a most unhappy life,
especially in an election year such
as we are approaching.
The complicated problem they
face can be simply stated-think it
over and figure out what you would
do if you had to write a tax law.
The problem is this: how to collect
the most dollars and lose the least
votes.
Soak the rich? Well, they have
the money and it hurts them the
least, but unfortunately there are
not enough of them to soak 1t is
too bad because they are so few in
number that their votes don't mat
ter so much. (Only 46,949 people or
approximately one eight-hundredth
of those with incomes earn over $10,-
600 year,
Tax the rest? That will bring in
the biggest total but they are the
ones with the votes.
The President says we need 1O6
billion dollars to run the war this
year. The treasury says that out of
every dollar collected, 80 cents goes
to pay the war bills.
So there have been a number of
schemes concocted which are aimed
at getting the nervous dollars, the
ones most likely to create initiation.
Presumably they are the dollars that
belong to the people who are now
getting lot more money than they
did before the war. 1t would be just
to take the "excess profits" to pay
for the war especially because the
people who are getting a lot more
than they are used to are the ones
who spend most freely.
So compulsory savings has been
suggested. That is, making Uncle
Sam collect part Of everyb0dy's
income, which would be returned
after the war. Then there is a
scheme to tax spending. In other
words, tax the dollars which are
spent on extras, dollars that get
back into circulation and push up the
imitation spiral. Not the dollars that
60 into homes or life insurance or
paying old debts, but the dollars
that romp off for more clothes than
you need to wear, more food and
more gadgets than you ought to get
along with in wartime.
Then there is another tax-the
personal excess income tax.
That is a tax on the amount of
money that you are receiving now
that you weren't receiving before
the war.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1943-09-03

and furTef gunner on a Martin bomber,
he participated in 81 missions ouer North
africa. But ,Uhen his real age ,Uas discov.
cred, the army gape him an honorable dis
charge, and noW he must a,Uait his 18Th
birthday before he can get back into the
service.
In the meantime, WHEREBY will york in
the Glenn l.. Martin plane factory, help
ing turn out the bombers in ,Uhich he
rode to such early glory.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1943-09-03

look at the old home
early one morning and
started doiUn the road
to,Uard an adventure
,Ohich sa,o hin, q hero
in the air force at I6.
Later that morning,
Wherley gaue his age
as Is and ,uas induct-
ed into the army. Be.
cause he liked to shoot
rabbits, squirrels and
foxes, he decided to
become an aerial gun.
ner.
Wherley's Grazing for
action ,Uds soon salts.
L. IN
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1943-09-03
Discuss Open City

As President Roosevelt and Prime
Minister Churchill came together
for their sixth conference in the his
toric citadel of Quebec, Marshal
Pietro Badoglio's Italian military
government pressed efforts for the
recognition of Rome as an open
city. Acting as intermediary, the
Vatican was reported to have pre-
sented Badoglios proposals for such
recognition to Allied representa-
tiveS.
Before recognizing Rome as an
open city, the Allies insisted that the
metropolis be stripped of all mill
tary activity. In their bombings of
Rome, the Allies concentrated on
the San Lorenzo railroad yards.
AS Roosevelt and Churchill dis
cussed Italy's fate, British and
American bombers loosed a rain of
explosives on the italian industrial
centers of Milan and Turin. Waves
of four-engined bombers blasted at
the famous Caproni aircraft works,
chemical plants and the royal ar
Senal.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1943-09-03

away.
The fall of Sicily was preceded
by the Axis evacuation of the island
behind the rugged action of their
rearguards, fighting fiercely from
natural defenses in the mountainous
terrain. According to Berlin, about
$4,000 German troops with all of
heavy equipment were hauled to the
Italian mainland on small vessels.
The Sicilian campaign was
marked by bitter action. In the
early landings, American troops
withstood strong German counter
attacks to establish beachhead at
Celia; Gen. Bernard Montgomery's
British columns encountered stiff OPP
position before Catania, where the
Axis machine gunners could hide to
advantage in the grain fields; and
finally, German units planted in the
mountains slowed Allied advances
to a steady crawl up the open, crag-
gy slopes before Messina.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1943-09-03

power commission
headed by Paul v.
McNutt laid down
new regulat ions
for Selective Serv-
ice, making occu-
patton rather than
dependency the
basis for defer
ment.
At tn e S a m e
time, the VINO
broadened the list
of jobs which are
nnn-JoforraI1o
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1943-09-03
DRAFT:
Deferment Grounds

In an effort to provide industry
with necessary labor, the War Man
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1943-09-03
Air Hero at 10

Tired OF working on the farm, and do
ing odd Jobs around Eim,oood, Ill.,, a.
year-old Clifford r. WHEREBY took last
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1943-09-03
HOME FRONT:
Roads Long, Bloody

Tempering increased optimism on
the home front, War Mobilization
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1943-09-03
SICILY:
Happy Ending

Thirty-eight days after the first Al
lied troops set foot on Sicily's SOUTH
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1943-09-03
Lacking Popularity

None of these methods is popular.
There is sentimental objection to
compulsory savings. It smacks, &C.
cording to its opponents, too much
of totalitarianism, of an interfer-
ence with the individuals personal
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1943-09-03
WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS
American Bombers Hit Axis War Plants
AS Allied Chiefs Ponder Italy's Fate;
Reds Push Nazis Back on Two Fronts;
Trap Jap Forces in Central Solomons

opinions columns they those
by
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1943-09-03
Washington Digest

Compulsory Savings, Personal Excess Income
Tax, Spending Levy Found Unpopular or
UnWieIdy; Orthodox Bill Seen.
BY BAUKHAGE
Ne,Us analyst and Commentator.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-04-21
The Detroit Times

Ninety-two draftees from Wayne
Board No. 81 and Macomb Boarc
No. 2 have been accepted at the
Detroit induction center for army
navy and marine duty in the latest
draft lists.
Wayne board sent So yesterday
while 81 Macomb board men re-
ported for duty Monday. The list,
wAYNE BOARD No. rs
Eugene sHucr 1855 priggs 90
Joseph p. ssvcsch. Chessning ~.
Edwin y Baumau. ii05 Campbell (N),
John LopeH si01 Toledo a..
lanes G Milne, s142 Toledo 90.
Patrick =. Gibbons if52 ". Vernon ca,
John J. DIisdyic, 7N Beard (Ni.
Charles r Green 1913 Tyler a..
carr n Jones 1925 \ Nsrtindsls az.
smes G Dunn. as7l Porter CA.
Eugene F. Tindal. i05i Ida a..
Henry NJ MAtkoyic. ear Brandon az.
Patrick J Gait 1896 Ferdinand "a,
Bernard a Julien. Wyandotts. ca.
Donald C. Hunter $50 Pingree "a.
Victor A. VILLAINS. 1876 Siratbmoor tA).
Leo J Roy. 1850 Ferdinand ca
Melvin T. WeiCh. Lincoln Park M.
Jerome Nuihsisen, 1915 NineVood CA,
Thomas Kryd1 Chicago. ID. tAl.
William ? Reets Jackson "a.
clarence =. Ford 2S73 Springwells ~.
Vincent n WaRaths $3.50 Newherry fNl
L. p Hoover 301 W. Grand Blvd "a.
Edgar C. stofer. 3l6 y. Junction tN).
Robert ". walker 1901 Clark "a.
George A Ioveiace Clio 90,
Thomas j. link 2237 Military tAl.
Murray T LAWYER 4f02 SprinEvens "a
Alexander g McPhee 1907 Centrsi tAb.
John j. ssssak ls6 s Junction CA.
Wallace r. simmons 1892 NineWood ca
Cecil r. Hail 5s7s Mcmillan a..
Fred NJ Cummings Crosweu "a.
Thomas J. Butler 1915 Porter 1Mp.
Philip A. Routher, 1854 Ferdinand az.
Edward J. Smith lOll MorreN a..
Robert II Moore. 1888 Cavalry a..
Marion X. Watkins 4Oi5 WOLF tAl,
james c. klegnanE 600 Wolf "a.
Leslie r. Lee $50 Temple "a.
Lawrence J OiVotti 33s Dragon tN'
NincenEo lannoui l66 : Military ~.
Robert = GiEnAc. i0tl Junction a..
Richard NJ. VorsSe 20Tl CLARK tNp.
Herol r. ERns ISL 8 Iivernos tN).
Joe n Bridge 1899 Toledo a..
Paul y. Mahon 1237O Berg ,A).
Richard r. MillEAn 561a Rogers tAN.
Robert w. German 5S7s Rogers ca.
Alvin Kukis. 1894 Mckinstry tM).
Bruce r Men $3.50 Howard (Al.
George J. Narvatos HIS 'McKinstrv fA),
Howard p. Gregory. 1890 Campbell ca.
Paul r. Hammond 1850 Hubbard fE.
Robert T.. Long 1850 " Vernon CA.
Edward J. Jedr1sjek, 27ss Military tA).
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-04-21
N1CoNP RoARD No. {.

Flousn A. schmidt ST. Clair Shores az.
Hugh 6 Gallagher. ST. Clair Shores a..
Frank MseKsWish Jr a4T2 Conner CA.
Clarence g. Fisuncry. IL = Cd. Blvd. Is
Olen r. Judd. AS Concord -.
Thomas J. Riakele 500 Dickerson "a.
Frank y Evanons RoSeville IN.
Charles G Miller Roseville ~.
Raymond Hoffman Center Line "a,
Kerwin NJ MAYER, Rosevilis ca.
Douglas r Batbret. Rnsevilis tAl.
Elmer y Triumph. East Detroit "a.
Adolph SChild Jr. Roseville "a.
Fred n Lanstra RoseyiHe a..
Robert /. Marovec. ST. clair shores (A).
Arthur n. Brsndle Roseyille "a.
Robert y Ellsworth. East Detroit ca.
John n Otto, East Detroit a..
Robert J. Price. RoEevtle a.
Leonard >. KRAFT Mt Clemens "a.
Julian =. lreson East Detroit a..
Raymond A slater. ST ClAir Shores (A).
Robert J. Yates East Detroit az.
Jack p. Higgins, 81 Clair shores 1Ml
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-04-21
Bright Sayings
OF Children

The Times is publishing such
remarks and paying 81 for each
published.
Todays 81 goes TO Mrs. s. S.
Thuma, Pewamo. Mrs. Thuma
asked a little girl 10 explain the
order Of the Ten Commandments.
The child pondered. then replied:
"WelI, they come one right
after another"
Mail your favorite chlld's saying
10 Bright Sayings of Children. The
Detroit Times.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-04-21

IRIS big job in itself to figure straight
time, orertime, picce-Tork rates and the
= like and then make deductions for
Social Security, Var Bonds, Victory Tax,
Insurance, and many more. Multiply
the figure work required for one pay check
by tens Of thousands :. don't YOU wonder
how millions of war workers ever get paid
9niimc? The National Payroll Machine
was Nwar.born In meet this need. II posts.
computes, classilies and prints the war
workers check and pay statement and
provides other records at one touch of the
''nei-pay" key. II does its work system
atically, mechanically :. faster and better
than il was ever done before. Already,
il is saving vital man-hours for great war
plants - helping win Americas battle of
production.
This is only one of many mechanical sys.
TENS built by National TO save man-hours
and protect money and records - for bust
ness, industry, government, and the pub.
lie. A limited number of new and
large stock of modern used Nationals are
now available.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-04-21
Fighting Mans Friend:
Father Putinl-A
Wife Is Advised
ToA Appeal Glass

Mrs r. B.; q My husband was
In Class ga until about two weeks
ago when he was called for
blood test after which he was
Immediately placed in Ia.
We have been married Is years
and have a child IA. He is IS and
has been in vital defense work
since the beginning Of the war.
After the report in the papers
that fathers are not 10 he indicted
until all single men and men with
wives only are taken, shouldn't
ne be reClaSSihcd into 3-A7 If
all mon in his local board except
fathers have already been called,
Will he remain in IA. and is he
likely 10 be indicted al any time &?
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-04-21
Measles Gain
Here inWeek

The longer catching the measles
is delayed the less chance there
is for il TO be fatal, according 10
Or Bruce II. Douglas, health COM
missioner.
He made the statement in con-
nection with the latest health de-
partment report. which showed
! .1SS cases Of measles had been
for the week ended April
II. II was large increase, he
said, but only one case resulted
fatally.
Or. Douglas urged parents 10
take special care of children in
guarding them against exposure 10
who have the disease. and
stressed special care necessary in
handling such cases once they
have developed in their own chill
dren.
Order The Detroit Times
mailed daily and Sunday To your
man In the armed forces.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-04-21
81 Drafted From 2 Counties

II 4 Niedsrmller. 81. Ciair shores tA).
Arthur X. Sianke RoseyilIe a.
George ). BARRON Nj Clemens CA.
Casper J Della R0seville a.
Rene J Magnet St clair Shores ~
Jack X. CoScrove. ST clair Shores "a.
Henry A Genther Fast Detroit a..
Robert Shrodcs Jr East Detroit "a.
Ra ph n. Ward East Detroit a..
Harold A. Coukhn. Nj Clemens tMl
Note stands for army, y for nav
and NJ for marines
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-04-21
APPEAL AT ONCE

"A registrant with n child
or children who maintains
bona fide family relationship In
his home should he in Class ga
and not eligible Ia he indicted
until such time as specific in
structiOns are issued ny Selec-
tive Service Headquarters In
Washington for the induction of
fathers.
Even though some draft
boards have exhausted their
supply Of single men and mar
ried men with wives only they
may not take fathers until Gen.
Hershey issues such orders. You
should Immediately appeal the
IA classification.
J.. +. NJ: Q-Could the L. 6
Marines Hse a man whn=has driver
A truck for IL years?
.AKpS
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-04-21
Women 10 Kill Rats
In California City

SANTA BARBARA. Cal April
2l (UPl - The idea that women
are afraid of mice and rats is a
thing of the past.
= The health board has turned
bver TO the womon's clubs the task
Iof freeing the city from rats.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-04-21
Jap Envoy in Cabinet

LONDON, April 81 GNS)-
Mamoru ShigcmitSu. who has
served AS Japans ambassador 10
Russia and then to Great Britain,
became foreign minister yesterday
according 10 a Berlin broadcast.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-04-21

V. X. w: Q-My husband was
classified into ga and never has
been reclassified. He was not in
war work when he filled out his
questionnaire. He is now en-
ployed in defense factory. Should
nc notify his draft board that he
is now doing essential work?
Ale should notify his draft
board by letter of his change in
employment.