davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-10-13

Others die for you; the least you
can do Is buy for them. Get your
War savings stamps now.
Evening star., 1943-10-13
Closes Limited

High schools in Chile are to have
classes in the mornings only three
days week and all day two days.
Evening star., 1943-10-13
Beware Coughs
from common colds
That Hang On

Creomulsion relieves promptly be-
cause 1t goes right to the seat OF the
trouble to help loosen and expel
germ laden phlegm, and aid nature
to soothe and heal raw, tender, in
famed bronchial mucous mem.
branes. Tell your druggist to sell you
q bottle of Creomulsion with the un-
derstanding you must like the way 1t
quickly allays the cough or you are
Evening star., 1943-12-28
Samuel Grafton

Deal, That the President knows It. and
is lining up with his opponents in order
to sneak back into the White House
for fourth term, etc. that he is en-
gagged in transparent political dodge,
rather clumsy and rather awful.
There is, however. somewhat higher
approach, and I submit it for your
examination.
That would be to consider that the
changes which have taken place in
American politics resemble, sharply or
vaguely, the changes which have taken
place throughout so much of the rest
of the world; the coming together of
De Gaulle and Giraud; the wartime
coalition government of Great Britain:
the broad Partisan union from left to
right which obtains in Yugoslavia
We might hold that Hitler's chief
secret weapon was the internal splitting
OF the democracies; that these splits
are healing, consciously or half con-
sciously: that Hitler is being defeated
by the healing of these splits; that this
process is an authentic one and a great
one, regardless of its occasional dis
orderIneSS, and of the blood-curdling
factiond yells which accompany it.
You may take the cruder approach,
if you like but I submit that this one
has more national dignity in it, and
certain touch of meaningfulness,
which is as necessary to life as is bread
itself
Evening star., 1943-12-28

far-reaching potentialities are i'm
plicit in the drive for Rabaul, the
Toxic radio is not overpainting the
picture when it sobers the japanese
people with the news that the war in
the South Pacific is entering a de-
cisive stage. The offensive on New
Britain involves such great stakes,
in fact, that the enemy may yet go
all out in an effort to stop it, even
at the risk of a major sea and air
battle. But he will find our forces
fully prepared to counter his most
violent reaction. The fact that since
December l our planes dropped
nearly $500 tons of bombs on Cape
Gloucester-the point of the new
American landings-is an impressive
indication of the strength on hand
to do the Job.
Evening star., 1943-12-28

him. So the President does not have to
do anything about tin the view of
New Hampshire Democrats in Washing
ton a Roosevelt slate can be placed in
the field and easily elected. Indeed in
1910 such a slate was entered IN New
Hampshire's primary and was elected,
If the President has determined not
to be candidate for fourth term-or
should so determine in advance of the
New Hampshire primary-he could, of
course announce that fact. There has
been no indication. however, he will
follow any such course. Most of the
Democratic leaders expect him to be
a candidate to succeed hirlself-though
there are isolated cases of predictions
he will not choose to run.
On the Republican side of the fence
in New Hampshire, Wendell L. Willkie
has been given the advantage over other
candidates for the COP nomination for
President He commands, it is said. more
popular support among New Hampshire
Republicans than do any of the other
possibilities" However. there is a group
of Republican leaders in the State who
prefer to send an 'uninstructed dele
CATION" 10 the 1914 Republican National
Convention. 1t rests. therefore, with
Evening star., 1943-12-28
Drive for RubuuI

The new American landings on
New Britain give thunderous point
to the recently changed tune of the
japanese propagandists. There is
no longer any boastful or fantastic
talk about "annihilating" the United
States Navy. Instead, a somber note
Is being struck now. with Hirohito
warning the Diet that "the war
situation is most serious" and with
the Toxic radio declaring that our
drive against Rabaul will "imme-
diately'' decide "the victor and van
quished in the South Pacific"
Since the South Pacific is vast
area, the Toxic radio is perhaps ex-
aggerating things a bit when it
suggests immediate decisions, but
its nervous GUINNESS is not entirely
without foundation For when our
forces on New Britain take the Ra-
baul bastion, the Japanese will be
deprived Of key naval and air base
and will be obliged to fall back over
an immense area of ocean to their
great stronghold at Truk. some 300
miles to the north. A glance at any
fair sized map will show the reason
for this; between the two points
there is simply no intervening island
capable of accommodating large
numbers Of planes and major war
ship forces. Once Rabaul falls, in
short, the enemy will be in an un-
tenable position on New Ireland di-
rectly to the north and on Bougain-
vile to the east, which means that
huge wedge will be driven into his
defenses in that strategically vital
sector of the Pacific.
With Rabaul in our hands, Truk
itself will be within the range of our
heavy bombers and may we'll be sub
jected to kind of squeeze play from
our new holdings to the south and
from the Gilbert Islands and the
Marshalls to the east. In any event,
the present drive on New Britain
promises to create major new wor-
ries for the japanese, not only as re-
CARDS Truk but also as regards what
we may be able to do in other direc-
tions with the sea and air power we
can concentrate at Rabaul when
Rabaul is ours. With such an ad-
vance base, for example, our sub
marines alone would be in a position
to do even greater work than they
are doing now, and the way would
be open for large-scale thrusts from
the New Guinea-New Britain area
toward the Philippines.
To this extent, to the extent that
Evening star., 1943-12-28

Mr. Willkie and his supporters to de-
termine whether they will force the issue
by entering a slate of Willkie- pledged
delegates.
These Republican leaders who prefer
an unpledged delegation say they are not
unfriendly to Mr. Willkie. Their position
is that with an unpledged delegation
they will have more freedom of action
in the convention. Obviously this is
true since under the New Hampshire
law delegates pledged" to a candidate
must continue to vote for him in the
convention until released by the candi-
date 1t would of course. be a feather in
the Willkie cap If New Hampshire, the
first of the States to hold a presidential
preferential primary, should elect dele
cation pledged to Mr. Willkie. The ques-
ton remains, however, whether it is
worth while risking a setback-Which
would follow defeat of Willkie- pledged
delegates by an uninstructed group of
delegates. strongly backed. The New
Hampshire primary, therefore, may be
as fateful for Mr. Willkie as for Mr.
Roosevelt.
The preconvention campaigns for both
the Democrats and the Republicans are
no longer far off They are just around
the corner. The Roosevelt technique in
1910 was to say nothing about third
term candidacy, right up to the meeting
Of the Democratic National Convention
that year State after State elected
delegates to the Democratic National
Convention pledged to or favorable to
tho renonina tion Of the President At
the psychological moment Mrs. Roose-
welt entered the convention and in an
address announced that the President
would acquiesce in the action taken by
the convention.
Whether such A course could be sue
cessfullv adopted for a fourth-term
nomination-or will be attempted-re-
mains to be seen. There have been
anti-Roosevelt mutterings in the South
and the West The New Deal is no
longer popular with lot of the Demo-
Gratis. President Roosevelts recent
comment that the New Deal' is now
Evening star., 1943-12-28
Looking Ahead

Some of the initial fruits Of the
Board of Trades postwar planning
activities were shown at the boards
monthly meeting last week. Speak
ers representing the National Capi-
tai Park and Planning Commission,
the municipal government, the
Committee for Economic Develop
ment and the boards own Postwar
Planning Committee gave broad
picture not merely of the physical
development of Washington which
awaits the release of the materials
and effort now devoted to war, but
OF the steps being taken to co-ordi-
nate such plans from the standpoint
OF the Nation, the community, pri-
vate enterprise and individual firms.
II merely as a correlating agency,
the Board of Trade can perform
valuable function in this field.
Most of the postwar plans now
under discussion are based on popu-
lation studies. and it is interesting
to note the preliminary findings of
the Board of Trades research on
postwar population of the Washing
ton Area-this term embracing all
OF the District of Columbia, Airing
ton, Fairfax, Montgomery and Prince
Georges Counties and the city of
Alexandria. The wartime peak of
population was reached last spring,
With an estimated population of
l,28O,OO0, according to this study.
On the assumption Tin which Gen
eral Eisenhower seems to concur)
that the European war will be over
In 1914, there is an anticipated de-
crease to perhaps 100000 by the
summer of 1947, when the popula-
ton will again begin to rise. BY the
end OF 1949 the population will have
exceeded the wartime peak and by
January, 1855, it will be approx
mately 1,48000C.
These studies are said to have
been made without reference to anv
precise estimates of losses or gains in
Federal employment, which are not
expected to affect the totals by more
than $4,000, one way or another.
They indicate repetition of the
population pattern in the last war
They show, moreover, the tremen-
dous job which must be done to
catch up with the needs of popula-
ton growth; needs which will not
be met by any great postwar exodus
and which can be supplied only by
new construction and expansion of
services.
Evening star., 1943-12-28
Stur Muoic

The notion that stars have an in
f1uence on mans well-being Is so
ancient that it actually antedates
history. To this very day astrology
is a popular credo, and many a per-
son believes that when certain stars
are assembled in the right order,
honor and glory result.
A sergeant at Gunter Field, Ala
bama. does not merely believe it; he
knows it. His four stars were as
sembled on a red tag, the whole
constellation then being placed on
the windshield of a car in which he
was riding. 1t had been done in
error but the effect was magical.
For practical purposes he was pro-
NOTED to general. and no mere
run-of the-mine brigadier or major
general either. When a soldier sees
stars, four in line, he knows that
the occupant of the vehicle is a sure
enough full general, rating the most
popeyed salute possible from every
body. This particular occupant,
sort of sergeant general pro tenn, re-
ceived more acclaim in five minutes
than division of sergeants would
receive in five centuries. Demotion
at the end of the journey was, of
course, equally rapid; but let no
skeptic of astrology waste any time
trying to tell the good sergeant that
for glorious if brief interlude he
was not under the influence of the
stars.
Evening star., 1943-12-28

lads OF the Seabees, who will be hard at
work converting the bomb -pitted Japa-
nese airf1elds into fine, smooth Ameri-
can airfielos long before the last Japa-
nese machine gunner has been chased
out of shooting range.
x x X
The pattern of these Pacific opera
tions is becoming clearer with expert
ence. We have naval superiority which
the japanese cannot upset without
bringing their main battle fleet to bear;
otherwise, they appear hopelessly out
classed in the cruiser and destroyer
categories. We have an air superiority
that is overwhelming, both in CARRIER
based and land-based aircraft but in
order to use it, we must have bases
close enough to our targets, and we
must deprive the japanese of their
bases from which to attempt counter
operations Thus the struggle is con-
tlnually one to seize the enemy bases,
and then to convert them to our use.
AS we seize base and convert it, we
are able from It to neutranze other
Evening star., 1943-12-28
Constantine BrO1Vn

many unbiased observers, was a psy-
Geological error. 1t offered Herr Goeb-
bells and his propaganda boys field
day. They can tell the German soldiers
that the Poles, the Yugoslavs. the
Czechs, the French and the Russians
will consider them all as war criminals
and If they give up they would be tried
and hanged. Hence 1t is preferable to
die soldiers death" on the battlefield
than to surrender and die on the gallows.
We know that this will not be the case.
We know that the Russians have pre-
pared list not exceeding 10000 in
dividuals who are to be tried. But the
fact that underlings who were guilty
OF murder by order from their higher
ups already have been hanged offers the
Nazl propaganda machine an excellent
argument to urge their men not to
give up.
The rank and file of the German
Army does not know what is in the mind
OF the Allied leaders. They hear what
their chiefs tell them and then are told
about the hanging of some unknown
officers and privates
When the American and British forces
begin their attack across the Channel
they are likely to find men who will fight
Tor their lives and make us pay dearly
for every inch of ground. Psychological
warfare must not be underestimated. 1t
has real value provided it is done in
the right way.
There must be some sort of carrot
hanging at the end of the stick. For the
time being, no such carrot has been
shown to the Germans. We are telling
them that militarism must be destroyed
and Herr Goebbels is doing the trans
lating for us; he is telling them that
this means the wholesale execution of
the fighting men.
Evening star., 1943-12-28
I'd Rather Be Right

the so-caled idealists within the admin
istration.
AS the Chinese have burned their huts,
and the Russians their cottages, the
President has singed the leading
theoreticians Of the more abundant life
within his official family.
He has given them up to win con-
servative support. and he has. in fact,
been quite successful in doing so. His
aim has been to work out, by unWritten
and even unspoken agreement, rough
approximation Of the coalition govern
ment which obtains in Great Britain.
Thus the liberals" have been dropped,
one by one, from Vice President Wallace
to former Undersecretary Of State
Welles; sacrifices tossed out of the
sleigh on the road to MOSCOW. When
that city was reached. it was Mr.. Hull
who was in charge and Mr.. Hull is no
changer of worlds: he even resents the
imputation that he should be one.
These changes are so clear that the
President may choose to deny he ever
said that the New Deal slogan was
out of date: and his denial will not
affect the picture Death is death, re-
gardless of whether any words are
spoken over the remains, or not.
But there are two levels on which we
may accept this development. We may
take it on very crude level That the
country has turned against the New
Evening star., 1943-12-28

tions and mining operations as time and
opportunity permit him. Once the air
strip is taken the enemy will 90 all he
can to keep us from repairing and using
it; and usually We need it in great
hurry Many lives may depend on get
ting planes operating from that strip
an hour may make lot of difference,
the cost of that hour may be measured
in blood
So perhaps this is a good time to pay
tribute to the lads who are doing this
work, and have been doing it these past
two years, all over the Pacific from Attu
to Guadalcanal, and in the Mediterra-
mean as we'll: The construction battal-
ions of the Civil Engineer Corps of the
Navy, known as Seabees. There are
quite a lot of them now, 262 900 of them.
in fact-which is a pretty fast rate of
growth for an outfit which is today only
celebrating its second birthday.
*x ~
That very growth-from a beginning
of 60o0-is a sufficiently eloquent testi-
mony to the sort of work the Seabees
have done, and to the need for them in.
all the toilsome task of projecting
American fighting power across the
Pacific Ocean. No campaign in history
has more emphatically underlined the
old soldiers definition of war: Ten per
cent fghtin' and 80 per cent damn hard
work. The Seabees have been doing a
good deal of fighting, and great deal
Of very hard work and they have become
almost proverbial for their resourceful.
ness energy and speed of acconnlisb
ment Their motto is Can Do,'sand
they live up to it. -
The universal tribute Of fighting ed.
mirals and generals is: God bless, thu
Seabees, we couldn't have done it With.
out EN-"
tcopyrisht. 1e4S. New York Tribune. rns)
Evening star., 1943-12-28
Gould Lincoln

outmoded, as a campaign slogan, is a
naive admission. His Win the War"
proposal as substitute slogan for the
campaign, however, has not yet taken
hold. If the war should be won before
November 1914 or won in Europe. the
Democrats might have to shift to a
win the Peace" slogan.
1t does look, however, as though the
American people will wish to know. in
advance of the next Democratic Ma
tional Convention, whether the Presi-
dent intends to seek a fourth term.
Probably well in advance. Nor is it by
any means certain that the knowledge
can be successfully kept from them.
There are II States in which the
voters will have the opportunity of ex-
pressing their preferences on presidential
candidates. In of these States, as
Arthur Krock of the New York Times
recently pointed out in an article deal
ing with Gov. Dewey of New York as a
presidential possibility, the name of a
candidate can go on the primary ballot
only with his express consent. These
States are Arkansas, Illinois. Maryland,
Massachusetts,, Ohio, Oregon, South
Dakota and Wisconsin. In the other 8
States, candidates name may be en-
tered in the preferential primary with
out his specific consent. These States
are Alabama, California, Florida. Ne
braska New Hampshire, New jersey,
New York, Pennsylvania and West Vir-
ginia. Georgia may have presidential
preference primary if the Democratic
State Executive Committee orders it.
The other 80 States will elect delegates
to the party conventions without any
primary expression of opinion, though
they may be Roosevelt or anti-Roosevelt
or pro-Bvrd, pro-Farlev or pro-some
other Democrat, and well understood
TO be.
1t will be interesting to observe ma
neuvers to smoke out the President on
the question of fourth-term nomina-
ton. His obvious answer may we'll oe
he is too busy winning the war to discuss
politics. Nevertheless, the people will
want to know.
Evening star., 1943-12-28


convinced that if we pay sufficiently
heavy price for victory we will win
We have the men, the material and an
overwhelming air and naval superiority
on any front where we decide to strike
with everything available.
This viewpoint is shared by most of
the strategists here, but in other quar-
ters some mild criticism is leveled at
the lack of an effective psychological
offensive against the Reich.
x*
1t is recalled that while we did not
have extensive psychological warfare
organizations in the World War, Presi-
dent Wilson laid the foundation for the
disruption of the German forces better
than any of the short-wave blasts which
the German people are receiving from
New York and London.
Speaking in the name of the Ameri-
can people, President Wilson enumer-
ated IA points as peace condition. The
German people decided that it was
Evening star., 1943-12-28
The lnternutionuIe

The recent announcement that
Russia has abandoned the Interna-
t1onale inevitably has prompted in
oulry concerning the song. Questions
regarding it, however, disclose a
greater mystery than they seek to
solve. Very little actually is known
about the classic anthem of the
universal labor movement. Whether
the words beginning arise, ye pris-
oners OF starvation" were written
by Eugene POTTER or merely edited
by him is only the start of the prob
lem. There is a tradition to the
erect that originally they were Eng
lsh and that the common French
version is just translation.
Similarly, the name of the composer
is matter of debate. Pierre De
Geyter, woodcarver and the leader
OF choral group at Lille, the revo-
lutlonary capital of French Flanders.
is said by certain authorities to
have been responsible for the music
An acknowledged Communard in his
political inclinations, he is said to
nave created number of ballads
designed to stir the working classes
to the social war" anticipated bv
Karl Marx. The date of his birth
was 1849. He lived until 1915 Ac-
cording to leaflet published by the
Young Peoples Socialist League in
the United States, the Interna-
tlonale was produced shortly after
the Prussian siege of Paris in 1871.
De Geyter is supposed to have been
elected a member of the Commune.
He repeatedly fled to America when
the rebellion failed. While absent,
he was sentenced by default" Not
until a general pardon was issued
In 1880 did he return to his native
land. His song was sung at a
festival of journalists" at Lille on
June %, 1888.
But rival for the honor of hav-
Ing composed the score of the Inter-
natlonale soon arose-in the person
OF De Geyter's brother Adolf. The
Quarrel between them went into the
courts in 1909 and still was being
argued there in 1922. Potter, him.
self a mysterious person described
var1ously as packer and a maker
OF overcoats, could not testify in
behalf Of either of the claimants.
Neither could he explain his own
part in the creation of the anthem.
He had died in 1887, too early to
know the celebrity which the song
was to win.
Two translations Of the Interna-
tionale into Russian are available.
Respectively by A. Y. Kots and "A.
Gapot, they close with an affirma-
Evening star., 1943-12-28
Tribute to Seabees
Maj. George Fielding Eliot

enemy bases and thus prepare the way
for taking them over.
In addition to air and naval opera
tons, hard land fighting and hard work
are involved in these proceedings. The
better the air forces and naval gun
fire can prepare the way, the less diff
ficult the task of the troops. The de-
gree of preparation is usually matter
of distance If we have air bases close
at hand, we can bring our great
superiority to bear in full force. If our
air bases are distant, more time and
more payload must be expended in
flight, and the results obtained on the
target are less-as at Tarawa Naval
gunfire and carrier based aviation can
help, but these are strictly limited by
the capacity of ships to carry ammuni-
ton and planes. capacity always far
less than that of land bases, even small
island bases.
Thus when we come to break into
new enemy defense area lying at a
great distance from our bases, as in the
Gilbert Islands, we have less prepara-
ton and therefore harder land fighting
and heavier losses. When we have
established air bases within given
area, as we have now done on New
Britain, and as we did on Bougainville
recently, then we can have better and
more intensive air preparation, reduc-
ing the scale and loss of our land opera
tions.
A tremendous factor in getting this
air support, and getting it quickly, is
speed and resourcefulness in putting
AL
ties into operation, because when an
enemy air strip is taken, it is likely to
be something of a mess. Not only will
it be heavily pitted by our own bombing
attacks, and in some cases chewed by
naval gunfire as well, but the enemy Is
quite likely to carry out such demoli-