davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-01-24

Besides, tanker's crew is kept
too busy to think much about dan
ger. There is plenty of inspecting,
repairing and painting to be done.
Shore leaves for the men are shorter
than on ordinary freighters, for it
doesn't take many hours for the
powerful pumps to drain the LIQUID
cargo dry. Not that emptying
tanker does not require complicated
machinery. Valves and pumps and
deck lines are SO numerous they
have to be painted different colors
so the engineers won't get confused
in the maze of machinery.
An oil tankers hold is not one
big, hollow space like an empty
auditorium, for instance. The in
terror of the hull is divided into
many individual tanks or compart-
ments. The largest run lengthwise
through the ship above it's keel.
Smaller tanks flank the central
ones. Thus. a captain may trim his
ship by filling certain tanks fuller
than others, especially when water
replaces the oil for ballast on the
return trip.
Crew Must Be Agile.
Working aboard a tanker provides
other thrills besides the danger of
fire or explosion Take the flying
bridge" for example. A tanker pro-
vides no space below decks for COM
panionwayS. To travel fore or aft,
its crew of 35 to As men must
scamper across the top deck. This
deck boasts no bulwarks-solid iron
fences" around its rim to shut the
water out. So when it is awash, as
it usually is in rough weather, the
men take to the flying bridge.
To navigate this narrow, f1imsy,
open passageway high above the
deck even in quiet weather requires
the combined skill of tightrope
walker and human fly. When the
roll of a heavily laden ship douses
the bridge under every wave, clever
timing is required to cross dry shod.
Picture cookie" making the ma
neuver, carrying the officers loaded
tea tray forward from the galley in
spanking nor-easter There you
have a performance worthy of
skilled vaudeville entertainer!
The war, of course, has thrown all
these careful calculations for safety
out of kilter. Submarines have
turned what was once a compare
lively safe occupation into one of
the most dangerous of the century.
When torpedo strikes a tanker
and the men take to the boats in a
sea of flaming oil, they literally find
themselves in blazing inferno. 8
But the tankers' crews can take it.
When the survivors from a torpedoed
boat are brought in, these unsung
heroes can't wait to sign up on
another ship and get back-to get
even with the enemy!
Yes, the crew of modern oil
tanker are steady lot. They like
their jobs. despite infrequent shore
leaves and the dangers of their occu-
patton. Pay is good. Food and
| quarters are somewhat better than
on ordinary freighters. And the big
oil companies find it pays to keep
on improving them.
| Besides, tanker crews are good
Americans. They know war ma
chines can't run without oil. They
know tankers are badly needed by
Uncle Sam. And in this hour OF
need. the crews are doing their dan
gerous bit to keep wars machinery
humming.
Evening star., 1943-01-24

SlTlS were W pldIl haehei 4ueheyhoius.
interior color schemes and furniture
arrangements, carrying out the
theories presented in their text
books.
But, in accordance with the plans
of the Victory School," the apart
ment was converted into a nursery,
with Mrs. Clara Perkins directing
the work of the home economics
students.
Girls prepared to take over the
new project by studying child care.
Boys in the woodshop classes gladly
made and remodeled toys for the
children who were to use the nurs-
cry. A playground was fenced off
by the boys, and swings were set up.
The student body as a whole was
asked to bring toys not in use at
home. Everybody did everything
they could to make ready for the
opening of this new project to aid
our country's war effort.
The opening was announced for
November 4. The hours were to be
from 8 am. to noon, and women
taking vocational training for war
production were given enrolment
preference. After them, any other
working mothers were invited to
leave their children at the nursery.
And so we see the important step
the Home Economics Department
has taken to help war production
One of the girls in the class who
have seen the value of this practical
experience with children is Pat
Thompson. She believes the nursery
course will benefit any girl interested
in a career as nurse, as child care
is an important phase of nursing.
The day the photographer came
to make the picture accompanying
this article, Marion Tupper, assistant
in the care of the children, was
struggling with the leggings of Bette
Dickstein, g. Bette had donned her
leggings without difficulty, but she
ran into trouble with the buttons.
Marion solved the button problem
with skill as we'll as patience.
At the same time, Aileen Milstead
presided at table, serving fruit juice
and crackers to a group that in
cluded Bobby Leedy, 4; Mark Helb,
ling, 4; Jerome Perkins, 8, and
Robert Vogel, 3.
In this way, the students of the
home economics classes combine
study with real work that is help
to their community
Evening star., 1943-01-24
Girl Finds Variety
OF Ways to Help
In War Effort

Finding ways to help the war ef-
fort seems to be the hobby of Betty
Ruth Reiners, 13, of Apopka, Fla.
One way she helps is through her
membership in the Red Cross Club
at her school.
'At first we made bandages," she
writes. Then we had several candy
sales, the money going to the Red
Cross. Then I used some yarn I
found at home to knit afghans.
For a long time" she continues
Il saved cigarette packages, then
I saved large box of tin foil. In
our science class at school our
teacher taught us quite a bit of first
aid, and I am working on my first
aid badge with the Girl Scouts.
So in case of an emergency might
be of some help.
Whenever I go to the stores I
carry the packages unwrapped if
possible, to save paper. I have
pledged to buy so cents worth of
War stamps every week, and I al
ready have two S25 bonds. Last
summer had victory garden, and
whenever I am asked to sell pins
for the Red Cross or to buy one
myself ! always try to cooperate. :"
Evening star., 1943-01-24
Boys Earn Money
Selling Firewood

Dellbert M. Fanny, Is, and two of
his pals are in the wood business in
Ogden, Utah. And from Dellbert's
report we think it must be a pretty
good business.
MY uncle gave us an old apple
orchard on the condition that we
would clear the land for him." Dell
bert explains. First we 60 around
and get orders for wood, charging Sc
a cord for wood cut in l2-inch
lengths and SIS for wood cut a
inches long.
Then we trim up enough trees to
make cord of wood and saw it up.
using a power saw which my father
made out of an old automobile
motor. With this we can cut up a
cord of wood in two hours.
I'VE deliver the wood with a horse
and wagon and stack it to make sure
we have cord Sometimes we get
tips for stacking it,
Evening star., 1943-01-24
Prises Totaling IS
offered for Best
| Contributions

Five prizes of ST. each are awarded
in every issue of The Junior Star for
the best original stories, articles,
poems and cartoons by boys and girls
of high school age and under.
All contributions must bear the
name, age, address, telephone num-
ber and the school of the author.
Written contributions must be on
one side of the paper, and, if type
written, double-spaced. Drawings
must be in black and white and
mailed fiat.
The editors choice of winners will
be final, and he reserves the right to
use any contribution in whatever
form he may deem advisable, regard
less of whether it is awarded prize.
Checks will be mailed to winners
during the week following publica-
ton of the contribution. No contri-
button will be returned.
Writers of stories and articles
which, in the opinion of the editor,
are of sufficient merit, will be given
cards identifying them as reporters
for The Junior Star. The editor re-
serves the right, however, to decline
to issue reporters cards or to revoke
those already issued whenever such
action appears advisable.
Address contributions to The
Junior Star, 727 Star Building,
Washington, D. G..
Evening star., 1943-01-24
You Can Make Novel Pin
From Shell of Walnut
Prize Contribution
BY SUSAN BIPPUS, IL,
Powell Junior High School.

made the novelty pin shown in
the accompanying drawing, 1t is not
only attractive, but very easy to
make.
The girls face is really half of
an English walnut shell. All you
need to make such an ornament
is walnut, enough yellow yarn to
serve as hair, small amount of red
blue and brown paint, little shellac
or transparent fingernail polish, a
strip of adhesive tape and safety
pin,
First, crack the walnut very care
fully so as to get clean, even half
shell, as shown in Fig. l. Then
braid the yarn and glue it around
the rim of the shell. You can either
leave the girl bareheaded or else
use cord or scrap of some other
material to make hat, as shown in
Fig. 2.
With the blue paint, give the girl
pretty eyes, using the brown for the
lashes and brows, and also for the
nostrils. The red, of course, is for
Evening star., 1943-01-24

y
one is trying to become more ia
miliar with our Allies and to pro-
mote better relations with them.
The members of this club are do
ing their part by making the flags
of the United Nations.
We began by writing to the vari-
Gus embassies and legations for in
formation about the flags. The let
ters we received in reply were put
into a scrapbook. Then each girl
chose the United Nations flag she
would make as her contribution to
the program. So far, we have COM
pleted Is flags.
A few days ago, all the clubs In
the school conducted a big assembly.
The Flags Of the Allies Club was last
on the program and therefore the
grand finale" We exhibited all
the flags we had finished. They
were held by their makers in a "
shape with the United States flag
at the point. Music connected with
each country was played as the flag
was shown.
Evening star., 1943-01-24
Boy Sells Candy
To Soldiers

Billy Richards not only renders a
valuable service to the boys in an
Army camp by supplying them with
candy and pop, but he earns money
doing it.
One day Billy was passing a camp
near his home in Fontana, Calf,
when a couple of soldiers called him
over and told him they would each
give him a nickel If he would go to
the store for them and bring back
some soft drinks and candy bars.
That gave me swell idea Billy
writes. Il took the money 1 earned
and bought six-bottle carton of
pop and 24-bar box of candy. In
this way I got Is cents extra for
every box Of candy and 7 cents for
every carton of pop I sold, plus
the money the soldiers gave me for
bringing it to them. II made 1915
that day"
Evening star., 1943-01-24
Riddles

Carol Ferne Ford got a little
tricky on the first one today, but
Well bet you can outguess her. If
not, why not let her and other read
ers try to outguess you? Send a
good brain teaser to the Riddle Man,
in care of The Junior Star.
l. What is the difference between
fog and gentleman?-Carol
Ferne Ford.
2. What is the difference between
beached boat and a wrecked air.
plane?-Alice Griggs.
3. Why are a broken chair and a
policeman alike?-James Pate.
4. 1t isn't butter, but it has to be
spread, still you can't eat it because
it. isn't on bread. What is it?-
Carolyn Wright.
5. What did the vacuum cleaner
say to the rug?-Ardath ShoWalter,
Evening star., 1943-01-24


Anchor.
Many new settlers were now COM
ing to Pennsylvania. While building
homes for themselves, some of them
lived in caves along the western
bank of the Delaware River. Others
found shelter under the branches of
pine trees.
Women helped the men build the
houses. Within two years there
were 600 homes.
Aided by Indians.
At one time Penn made west
ward trip. He went on horseback
and carried neither gun nor sword.
He did not fear the "savages." Hav-
ing treated them kindly, he felt sure
they would do the same to him, and
he was right Wherever he went the
Indians took pains to show their
love for him. They gave him shelter
in their wigwams or huts and helped
him to learn their language.
In telling about the language OF
an Indian tribe, Penn wrote that
"anna" was the word for mother.
"issimuS" for brother, ard "pone"
for bread.
South of Pennsylvania was the
colony called Maryland. 1t was
under the rule of Lord Baltimore,
and had been started as home for
Catholics from England.
The boundaries between Mary
land and Pennsylvania were not
quite clear. Baltimore claimed land
which Penn thought was part of
his colony. Word came that Lord
Baltimore had gone to England.
Thinking the other governor meant
to talk to the king about the boun-
Diary, Penn decided to follow. 1t was
his purpose to return to Pennsyl-
vania very soon. but he was delayed
in England, and did not come back
for a number of years.
While Penn was away, Phila-
delphia continued to grow. Before
long it contained 1,400 houses. Most
| of these were of brick The clay
for making bricks was very cheap.
Busy Trade Center.
A postal service now took care OF
letters between several towns and
cities. Men on horseback were the
common carriers. Postage stamps
were not in use at that time, and
fees were paid to the postmen. The
mounted postman left Philadelphia
once week.
Philadelphia soon became a busy
center of trade. Farmers and people
from nearby towns came there for
market days" twice a week. They
brought milk, butter and vegetables.
In return, they received clothing
and other things carried to America
from England, or made by artisans
in the town.
The farmers learned that their
cattle, sheep and hogs could find
plenty of food in the new country.
The cattle were allowed to Craze
in forests. Corn, oats and wheat
were grown in cleared spaces.
Philadelphia sea trade grew
heavy for those days. Scores of yes
sells came into port every year. They
brought woolen, linen and cotton
cloth, along with axes, knives, hoes,
saws, hammers, nails, buttons.
thread and kitchen ware. To the
richer settlers, the ships also brought
fancy garments for both men and
women. Among these were velvets,
satlns and silks, slippers with silver
buckles, gold-lace hats and lace ruff
fies. In return, the ships took lum-
Der, furs. tobacco and deer-hides
back to England.
("Uncle Rays Corner appears
euery day in The Euening STAR
Evening star., 1943-01-24
Winter


BY MARGARET MCFARLAND, is,
Eastern High School
The skies are wintry, cold and gray,
And sunshine is quite rare,
For winter now is here to stay
All timid souls beware!
Since winter is the time for fun,
For frolic and for sport,
All folks who from the north wind
run
Should seek sunny port.
Now children with their skates and
sleds
All hurry toward the lake;
With bright caps on their happy
heads
Their merry way they take.
From dawn till dusk they play about,
Then night begins to fall,
And home they run with joyful
shout
To answer Mothers call.
Evening star., 1943-01-24

than the load on which he spends
his nights and days. He is a men,
Der of the crew of an Oil tanker,
hauling gasoline and Oil through
submarine e-infested waters.
But to get back to my question
How does it feel, anyway?
To tell the truth, my informant
explained, a man aboard a tanker
doesn't think much about danger
He knows that so far as his ship
itself is concerned, it is about as safe
as human ingenuity can make. it.
Until Hitler and TOTO decided to
poke their fingers into our merchant
shipping, an oil tanker was con-
sidered a much safer vehicle than
an automobile on a crowded high
way. Company officials and their
families on the move were even
provided guest staterooms on the
bigger tankers. That's how safe the
ships were considered.
Fire Danger Is Small.
Danger from fire (again except
ing the deadly torpedo) has been re-
duced to a minimum, despite the
fact that the biggest tanker may
carry 10000 barrels of oil or gaso-
line.
mo smoking" signs aren't nee
essary. Every one knows the pos
sible penalty for breaking the rule
Smoking is strictly limited to the
mems living quarters and the after
deck.
Gas and vapor do collect down in
the pump rooms, despite the mar
row pipes which carry the fumes
from the load up the masts to be
released in safety. One man, there
fore, may never venture into these
depths of the ship alone.
Workers descend in pairs, not only
because the air is so foul one of
them might become ill, but because
two men working there together are
less apt to make the sparks fly
because one can watch the other.
And neither may carry matches in
his pockets, no matter how short a
time he expects to stay below.
A tankers power plant is another
spot where caution is demanded. 1t
takes plenty of steam to drive 1000
tons of steel and oil through the
pitching waves at 16 knots. To make
steam requires fire and heat-lots of
both.
Boilers Are Guarded.
The white-hot flames under a
tanker's boilers are we'll shut off
from the ships inf1ammable cargo,
as you can imagine. A keen-eyed
engineer watches the valves and
indicators mighty carefully. AS an
added measure of safety, the boilers
are operated by intricate automatic
controls. Safety devices are ar
ranged to correct an error or shut
off the power the instant anything
goes wrong. Nothing is left to
chance.
Evening star., 1943-01-24

liituIdltIy WIldI l
was happening, since they lived in
the Pearl Harbor Navy Yard. Peo-
pie in Honolulu, however, did not
at once realize that the bombing
was real.
Louise's father, a commander in
the Navy, left the house after
advising the rest of the family to
get in the closets when the bombing
was rough. The family did get in
the closets, for the explosions
caused the house to vibrate con-
siderably. From the noise, Louise
recalled, "it sounded like plenty
was happening" She was not
frightened until it was all over,
however, and she had time to think
things over.
The raid brought an immediate
change in Hawaiian life. No longer
was it easygoing and peaceful. No
more lights showing at night, no
more pleasure riding, no more
school.
The schools reopened February 2,
but with greatly reduced enroll
n1ents, AS many OF the students
were doing civilian defense work.
Louise's school was on a hill, and,
TO guard against parachutists, it was
surrounded by barbed wire. Also
protected by barbed wire were the
once beautiful beaches,
Returning from trip downtown
one day, Louise was embarrassed to
discover she had forgotten her pass
10 re-enter the Navy Yard. The
Marine on guard refused to let her
In, but she finally persuaded him
to telephone her mother for de-
tailed description. Then, satisfied
that she answered the description
In every way, he let her pass.
With her mother and sisters,
Louise came to the States last
March. She cannot say anything
about the trip. however, except that
1t was wonderful experience"
Evening star., 1943-01-24

JlOn u l u % a
Knitting Clu b ,
Stitch = in-Time
Clu b, w a r
Stamp Clu b ,
Letter - Writing
to Soldiers Club,
G irl Reserves
and many other
groups. ....
S ce la S t
week was United
Nations Week, !
think you would
be particularly
interested in our
Flags of the AL
Evening star., 1943-01-24

cry established
recently u n d e r
the supervision
of the H o m e
Economics De-
partment of the
school.
w h e n t h i S
particular build
ing was erected,
there were plans
for an apart
ment adjoining
the home eco
Monies cl a S S.
rooms. Here the
Evening star., 1943-01-24

the lips, BY now, your shell should
look very much like Fig. 3.
Next, go over the shell with the
shellac or nail polish, then place the
strip of adhesive tape across the
back and fasten the safety pin to it..
This pin will look very nice in your
lapel, or on your sweater, and 1t
will be different, too.
Evening star., 1943-01-24

every one would
have plenty of
room. At the
center a large
square of land
was set aside to
serve as a COM
mon. Four other
squares also were
set aside for
public use.
The first Phil
adelphia build
ing put up under
Penn's direction
was used as an
inn. a corn mar
ket and a ferry
house 1t was
Evening star., 1943-01-24

romance 10 one
of barbed wire.
entanglem e n t S
and tie n S i on.
TIL e d a t c, as
P + e S i d e n t
r o o S e V e ! t
has said, w IL
live in infamy"
- December Z,
1941.
w h e n t h e
japanese began
their treacher-
Gus attack, the
Monseau family
understood i'm
n1ediatelV what
Evening star., 1943-01-24
BY SETH HARMON.

How does feel to sleep load of dynamtewih somebody
lighting matches load?
That situation like put the
question
American that certain crazy
he didn't smi
Dynamite and recrackers
Evening star., 1943-01-24
Some Pie!

Irate housewife: aren't you the
same man I gave q mince pie to
last week."
Tramp (sadly): mo, ma am, L
amt. And what's more, the doctor
says I never will be-"
Evening star., 1943-01-24
Prize Contribution
BY RACHEL McREYNOLDS, II,


On the third floor of the new
building at Montgomery Blair High
School, Silver Spring, Md, is prof.
ect unthought of before the war.
Evening star., 1943-01-24
| Jefferson Students
| Make Flags of
| United Nations
Prize Contribution
BY GLENNA HANDY, 13,

VeHtE SUI ouIIIUI hIEII SUIUUI'
During this semester, every club
in Jefferson Junior High School has
taken an active part in the war ef-
fort. We have Plane Identifica-
Evening star., 1943-01-24
Riddle Answers

l, One is a mist and the other o
mister. 2. One grounds on the land.
the other lands on the ground. 8,
They'll both pinch you if you don't
park right, 4. A rug. 5. Sorry if
disturbed your nap.
Evening star., 1943-01-24
Attack by Japs
Changed Life
In Hawaii
Wilson Student Used
Closet as Shelter
During Bombing
Prize Contribution
BY HARRIET CURRY, II,

NVVUIU" NIInUII 11IEII 0NIIUUI'
Louise Monseau, Junior at Wood
row Wilson High School, has
vivid memory of the day Hawaii
changed from land of flowers and
Evening star., 1943-01-24
Women Helped
In Building of
Philadelphia
Town Laid Out by
Penn Soon Became
Trading Center
BY UNCLE RAY.

William Penn took great pleasure
in helping lay out the plans for
Philadelphia in 1882. He wanted the
city to cover - squares miles so
Evening star., 1943-01-24

A little boy in all seriousness asked
his father: Daddy, when I get hot
what makes my face leak?"
Evening star., 1943-01-24

IF man smashed clock would
he be convicted of killing tine2"
mot If the clock struck first"
Evening star., 1943-01-24

Much the Same
First art student: Say, have you
any thumb tacks?"
Second art student: mo, but will
a flngernail do?"
Evening star., 1943-01-24
Submarine Grades

Pa: Well, son, how are your
marks?
Son: They're under water.
Pa What do you mean?
Son: Below &C" level.
Contributed by Lillian Kowal.
Evening star., 1943-01-24

CUncle Rays Corner" appears
eUery day in The EUentng STAR
Evening star., 1943-06-24

stroyer Leary. Mr.. Page took out a
crew of NRL scientists to operate
the outfit. In appearance it was
another haywire rig. but in results,
while it was not all that was de-
sired, it proved to be successful
outfit. detecting planes at consider
able distances.
I'VE felt that although it was
flimsy and hard to work. we were
getting somewhere Mr.. Page says
of it now.
Characteristic OF Radar's progress
at this stage, as real funds began
to come available, was that while
development along proved workable
lines was pressed forward as rap
idly as possible. new experiments
were simultaneously being made into
the unknown. Thus in the years
that the first crude instruments were
going to sea, DR.. Claude Cleeton,
who had done some work on ex-
tremely short radio waves at the
University of Michigan. L. r. Phil
pott from the University OF Idaho
and John P. Hagen from Connecti-
cut Wesleyan undertook pioneer
work in frequencies previously al
most undreamed of for radio de-
lection purposes.
One development by this group