davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-02-14
By Clyde A. Farnsworth,
Associated Press Writer.

p BAGHDAD, Iraq-Here in Iraq, an
ancient land which helped cradle
civilization itself, Poland is being re-
horn.
An army of her sons and daughters,
dedicated to liberation of the homeland,
is gaining power and numbers. while
awaiting its day of vengeance on the
German foe.
AS a prelude to visiting the Poles in
mander, 1t. Gen. Wladyslaw Anders,
here at Baghdad. where he maintains
residence when not at his field head
quarters. Anders conveys an impression
of fierce nervous energy under complete
control, and, at so, he is a fine figure
of a soldier with the indefinable air
that seems to 60 with cavalry officers.
He is as lean as middleweight cham
pion, sharp chinned, bronzed by his life
in the open, wears close e-cropped bristle
of" brownish mustache and has not
hair on his head.
Seems Younger Than so.
His hair has not vanished through
completely away. Oddly, this badness
only contributes to the business-li like,
trimmed-doWn appearance of the man,
and in general one gains the impression
that he is younger than his so years.
The simmer Of the freight on his
pate revealed the faint mark of World
War wound. In long military career,
covering service in the worlds two
greatest wars, Gen. Anders has been
wounded eight times and wears across
his breast, in line above his four tiers
of decorations, row of eight silver
stars, each conferred in recognition Of
an injury in action.
His final service in Poland was as
commander of mixed cavalry infantry
force which hacked its way through
German and Russian attacks, all the
way from the East Prussia border on
the north to Hungary on the south, in
the last days of the battle of Poland.
Gen. Anders was in hospital at Lwow
when the Russians occupied that South
eastern Polish city. He spent 20 months
in Russian internment, first at Lwow
and later at Moscow.
Polish Army Formed.
The German attack on Russia, June
%. l94l, with the resultant treaty be-
tween the Polish government In exile
Evening star., 1943-02-14
HIS SPECIALITY IS BREAKING BOTTLENECKS
Bernord Borueh at Y. Likes to Help Out

his viewpoint in this manner. He roared
when he heard recently that the War
Production Board was proposing to 'ra-
tionalize" or simplify industry for more
efficient war production and labeled
decentralization" as $40 word for
something I have been advocating for
25 years"
Regarded here as one of the cotmtly's
foremost experts on industry and econ
omies, Mr.. Baruch is neither an indus
trialist nor an economist. His active
hfe-except for his Job in Washington
during the last war-was spent on Wall
Street. He likes to identify himself as
"speculator."
He was successful, too piling up a
fortune that makes it possible to indulge
the expensive hobby of telling Wash
lngton what to do. Much of his wealth,
by most reports, has been given away
and only last Christmas he donated
sl,000,00o to IS war relief agencies.
Born in South Carolina the son of a
Confederate Army surgeon, Mr.. Baruch
has been around much of the globe. He
is over 6 feet tall and still unstooped at
Y, has sharp blue eyes. The only mark
OF age upon him is an impaired sense
of hearing.
Evening star., 1943-02-14
By Irvine Perrin eter,
Associated Press Writer.

The man in Washington credited with
doing some of the best busting Of bottle
necks in war production has no job, no
title, no salary.
He is 72-year-old Bernard M Baruch,
who was the production boss in the
World War. He knows so many of the
people and problems involved that the
itch to do something for my country is
more than his age or nominal retirement
can deny.
For several months the public has
heard practically nothing of his activi-
ties, leading to rumors that he had
broken with his old personal friend
President Roosevelt, or other officials.
But mutual friends say that the reverse
Is true. that Mr.. Baruch is on as warm
terms as ever with both the President
and other administration chiefs, particu-
larly in the Army.
What he does cannot be described eX-
actly because Of military secrecy sur
rounding war production. But an ex-
ample which actually happened a few
weeks ago concerned a vital type of
gadget.
This is an ordinary industrial product,
but 1t is impossible to build any of several
war items without it. There was a short
age Of the gsdget, and high officials were
quarrelng over which particular need
for it would get priority over the others.
Made Contact by Phone.
Mr.. Baruch heard about thiss He
grabbed the telephone, talked to the head
man Of the biggest plant which makes
the item and demanded to know why
more gadgets weren't being manufac-
tured so that all needs could be satisfied
The plant manager replied he could
produce more If part Of his factory
wasn't so busy making artillery. Mr..
Baruch reported this conversation to the
Army, which found another factory
equally capable of making the artillery.
The gadget factory was enabled to de-
vote full time TO the vitally needed gad-
gets. a serious bottleneck was broken.
Mr.. Baruchs nominal home is in New
York, but his passion for helping out
causes him TO spend four days each week
in Washington. He maintains a suite in
fashionable hotel here and that's where
he works in inclement weather When
the weather permits, he calls his office"
park bench in the square opposite the
White House. On that bench he organ
Evening star., 1943-02-14

Almost third Of the globes circum-
ference divides Ell Alamein from Camp
Hood, st Killeen, Tex. At the time Of
Field Marshal Erwin RommeIs defeat
as remains true today-the conlmandant
Of this tank destroyer and firing center
was Maj. Gen. Andrew D. Bruce, ma
tive of st. Louis. Other men had func-
tions in the rout of the Afrika Korps by
the British 9th Army. But from 1000
miles away, it has now become known,
Gen. Bruce contributed potent shove in
topping down the fortunes of Hitler and
Mussolini in North Africa.
Prime Minister Winston Churchill re-
vealed to Parliament, shortly after Ell
Alamein, that American self-propelled
artillery played an important part in
Gen. Alexander's victory" and that
American 105-mm. howitzers. on mobile
platforms, had proved most useful wea-
pons" for contending with the famous
German 88s. In a review of progress
issued December 81 Secretary of War
Stimson declared that "the United
States Army is rapidly being equipped
with the best self-propelled artillery in
action"
A War Department announcement,
recently released, describes the ambush
and destruction of an enemy armored
concentration by American tank bust
ers" at the beginning of the British on
slaught. Because of their pulpitlike
mounts for machine guns the vehicles
we're nicknamed Priests" by the Tom
mics who manned them.
The role of Gen. Bruce was proclaimed
on January 81. in a graduation address
at Camp Hoods Officer Candidate School
by none other than 1t. Gen Lesley j..
McNair commander of the Army
Ground Forces. He is noted as hard
bitten chieftain, acrid of tongue, who
rarely indulges in compliments. Accord
ing to this authority, Gen. Bruce was the
officer who developed the basic dostrines
of American anti-tank warfare and the
Evening star., 1943-02-14
New British Corps
Fixes Equipment

A new regiment of the British Army
was born recently-the Royal Elec-
trical and Mechanical Engineers Its
job is the repair and maintenance of
all kinds of mechanical equipment, from
stop watches to range finders and tanks
RENE men will have to go out into
battle to repair vehicles under fire, even
forging unavailable spare parts on the
spot. Extracting tanks from traps will
be one of their tasks
To most of the men of the RENE none
OF this will be new. They have been
doing these jobs with their past units
the Royal Army Ordnance Corps, the
Royal Army Service Corps and the Royal
Engineers.
The new corps was planned to bring
about closer coordination between
maintenance and the army units the
corps will service and to establish a
more direct link with the arms indus
tries. All RENE officers will be fully
qualified engineers. Tradesmen In the
ranks will have a. new army title, They
will be called Craftsmen"
Evening star., 1943-02-14

and the U. S. S. r. brought upon Russia
an obligation to release her Polish
prisoners of war, and Gen. Anders was
freed to take charge of forming avail
able soldiers into a new Polish Army.
That task started in camps in Central
and Southern Russia, is being finished
on the plains of Iraq
Apart from the many thousands OF
Polish soldiers already brought out of
Russia, as result of that agreement,
to provide the bulk of this Polish Army
OF the east, there remain many thou
sands more pure Poles and others of
Polish nationality (White Ruthenians,
Ukrainians and jews who might be
added to this fighting force, according
to Gen Anders
The troops and their families brought
out of Russia, however, represent but
small percentage of the people trans
ported into Russia after the Red Army
occupation of the eastern part of Poland
in the German Russian partition of Sep
tember 1899.
Exact figures are impossible" Gen.
Evening star., 1943-02-14

Nep tank destroyer Which
proved to be the weapon Which
knocked out Rommel
placed destroyer and an approaching
hostile tank that the big killing is DONE
At this stage of the game, there should
be no self-propulsion. BY moving the
destroyer would throw away It's decisive
opportunity
Maximum Speed Vital.
"The tank must carry cannon against
enemy armored vehicles and automatic
small arms against hostile ground per-
sonnel. These conditions render it in
herently ponderous and relatively slow.
Since the tank must advance in the open,
the destroyer need only maneuver for a
favorable position, conceal itself thor
oughly and ambush the tank.
Thus the destroyer must find the tank
early, discern its intentions and move
with maximum speed to position where
1t can strike q death blow It follows
that the destroyer must embody two
prime essentials. 1t must have superior
gun power, SO that it can obtain more
effective hits per minute ON the tank
than the tank can on it. It must have
superior speed, In order to beat the tank
to position. The destroyer's lighter armor
is relatively unimportant, since it has a
weapon capable of penetrating the tank s
armor. In duel between the two, 1t is
simply question of hitting"
Army Ordnance has standardized three
types of tank destroyers, carrying re-
spectively 81 and rs millimeter field pieces
and the los howitzer. Heavier calibers,
up to $50 millimeters, are in prospect.
The los howitzer was married" to the
chassis of medium tank, and this vehicle
made its debut at El Alamein.
On the first day of Ell Alamein and
the days that followed, relates the War
Department release on sef-propelled
artillery, the Priests" played a notable
part "in the smashing attack that drove
Evening star., 1943-02-14

Continued on Page B-3, Column ~
Evening star., 1943-02-14

(See BROWN, Page B-3)
Evening star., 1943-02-14

principles which guided the construction
of itsSmoderr implements. 8e "
During July, 1940 Gen. McNair re-
lated, there was conference one day at
the Office of Gen. George C. Marshall.
Army Chief of Staff. The Battle of
France had just reached its tragic end
ing. Fresh in every mind were the
crushing blows delivered by the German
panzer columns. Some one asked: E:
What is being done to defeat the arm
ored division?" A General Staff officer
replied soberly: mot much of anything
just now"
In other words, only two and half
years ago there was no crystallized
thought in the American Army as to an
adequate defense against armored units.
With the possible exception of Russia,
conditions were much the same in for
eign countries. The general belief was
that a tank could be whipped only by
another and bigger tank. Some efforts
were made to increase the number and
power of anti-tank guns, drawn by
trucks, in divisions and lower units.
There was in the War Department at
that time" the speaker proceeded. "a
young lieutenant colonel who eventually
was assigned to the task of answering
the question of what to do against tanks
The study which resulted left no aspect
of the question untouched. 1t presented
the situation. in foreign armies. 1t
stated and weighed several possible lines
of action and finally recommended the
adoption of what is essentially our pres
ent tank destroyer system, complete In
all its ramifications"
In an eloquent peroration Gen. Nc
Nair referred to the late Gen. Adna r.
Chaffee, founder and first commander
of the American Armored Force.
Axioms of Tank Defense
Il am sure" he exclaimed, that the
Army at large appreciates the greatness
of Gen. Bruces accomplishment. Sell
dom does one man have the privilege,
vision and ability to conceive a project
and carry it through to full bloom. Fort
Knox had its Chaffee, but fate decreed
that he was not to live to see the full
completion of his work Camp Hood
had and still has its Bruce. Even
though his future efforts may extend
beyond Camp Hood, I know that what
he has built here will live and contribute
a mighty bit to our ultimate victory -
The theory underlying the system
worked out by Gen. Bruce may be sum-
married. as follows:
The natural enemy of the tank is
not another tank, but the gun.
This gun must be able to out
range and outsmash the tanks arma-
ment.
It must be carried by a self pro-
pelling platform.
The vehicle must surpass the tank
in speed and mobility, and will there
fore be armored lightly.
While the tank wars on ground
personnel in general, the tank de-
stroyer specializes in fighting only
tanks.
Ambuscade, based on sound recon-
naissance, is the destroyers particular
forte
In celebrating on Gen. Bruce's axioms,
Gen. McNair maintained that battle ex-
perience has consistently confirmed the
advantage enjoyed by tank destroyers
over tanks, If the former are in sufficient
strength and are properly operated
THE tank" he said, must advance
across country in order to accomplish
It's mission of striking But 1t Is In the
last few hundred yards between q we'll
La gaceta., 1943-08-24
LA TERRA Y SoLDADo

para nadie tiene tanta inn
portancia la TERRA como para ell
Soldado. Cuando Ell sc aprieta
dilatadamente sobre Ella, o vio-
lencia; cuando hunde profunda-
mente en- Ella su cara y sus MEM
bros en- los minutes morales del
bombardeo, Ella es entonces su
1nico amigo, su hermano, su ma
DIRE. Su miedo y sus gritos gimen
en- SUI silencio y en- su asilo! Ella
los acoge y de nuevo los deJa
partir, son diez segundos mas del
curse de la vida, despues los vuel-
We a recoger y a veces para STEM
pre-. lTierra! iTierra! iTierra!
Erich Maria Remarque
La gaceta., 1943-08-24
Ell INTELLECTUAL

FL intellectual que toma parti-
do por la causa de los derechos
del hombre Y, al mismO tempo
de la inteligencia, no falta en- ma
da a la ley de su cOndci6n, va
que esta no implica en- modo al
guno la neutralidad obligatOria
frente a los conflictos de Ia hu.
manidad.
FL intellectual que no sc afilia
nj a un partido nj a Otro, y a
quien los conflictos humanOs in
teresan POGO, puede, sin embargo.
ser un verdadero intellectual.
Ell intellectual que sc solidariza
con quienes hace va medic siglo
vienen intentandO reemplazar la
discussion libre por cargas de ca
balleria, csc no ere siquiera
ell dictado de intellectual.
Julian BENDA
La gaceta., 1943-08-24

Engalana esta secci6n la foto-
grafia del querido amigo Dr.. Ju-
lilo Gavilla, que regresara en- la
manana de aver, lunes, de la Ha-
bana, Cuba, luego de haber pasa-
do varias semanas estudiando Y
especializandOse aun mas en- las
intermediates de los ninos en- ell
Hospital Municipal de la Infan-
cia, que es dirigido por los ORES.
Aballi Q Inclan.
La gaceta., 1943-08-24
UN FALso MILAcRo

Para estudiar al peblo romano,
Papa Sixto V, sofia disfrazar-
Sc de fraile y Sc introducia EN- pa
tics v mercedes. Pudo. n vez,
de esta manera, sorprender a un
soldado, Que al termino de largas
hbaciones, pagaba al escanciero
con la hoja de acero de su es-
rada, la que sustituy6 despues.
por otra de MADEIRA.
AL dia siguiente debia realizar-
Sc una ejecuci6n capital a presen-
cha de la tropa. Por orden de Su
Santidad, ell comandante llam6 al
referido soldado encargandole la
triste mission. I'm momento perma-
necio ell soldado silencioso, V al
cabo, elevando los ojOs al cielo,
eXclamo:
Senior, permite que mi espa-
da sc vuelva de MADEIRA Y evita-
me dar muerte a un hermano
MIC.
Heroicamente clavo en- ell des-
diohado la inicua estaca, mien-
tras los circumstances, admirados,
proclamaban ell milagro.
La genial ocurrencia vali6 al
ajusticiador y al ajusticiado ell
perd6n del Pontifice.
La gaceta., 1943-08-24
NACIMIENTO

Naci6 ell pasado viernes un nj
no hijo de los esposos Sam y Nil
da Vicari.
La Sra. Vicari fue asistida en-
parto por ell ginec6logo DR.. Jo-
sc Antonio Dominguez.
En- dfas de la presente semana
sera trasladada a su hogan.
Ell nino respondent por ell nom
bre de Sam Jr.
fNuestra enhorabuena!
La gaceta., 1943-08-24

Con motive de haber llegado a
Ia feliz edad de los trece amos la
nina Alba Rendueles, sus padres
lie ofrecieron una fiesta en- SUI no.
gar, en- ell 512 de E. Ross Ave.
Los asistentes improvisation jue
gos de pasatiempo social, otorgan
dose premios a los v~encedores. Co.
mo deferencia a la festejada can
to varias pleas de su repertoire,
acompanandose ella misma, la
simpatica Y gentil damita Jose
fina Ramil.
A continuation damos algunos
de los nombres de las personals
que acudieron a compartir con AL
ba de su fiesta.
Sras. Andres de Castro, Con-
cha Fernandez, Ofelia Yanez, Jo-
Selma Yulio, Joe Vitello y Sra,
Andres Rendueles y Sra, William
de Castro y Sra, Luz Jimenez, Ma
rio Goyanes Y Sra, Emilio Alva-
rez Y Sra.
Senoritas: Josefina Yullo y Jo-
Selma Ramil.
Ninos: Nora Pitisci, Margot Pi
tisci, Morris Banett, Luz Jimenez,
Ann Langford, Bernice Langford,
Bernice Langford, William Lang
ford, Carmen Fernandez, Helen
Yanez, Norita Ordaz, Dolores Go
mez, Helen Yanez, Dolores Gonza-
lez, Jean Lanesi, Helen Buzzetti.
Amalia Menendez, Mike Gullo,
Marietta Licata, Andres Rendue
loII v Patricia Vitello.
Para Alba nuestra felicitacion.
La gaceta., 1943-08-24
FIESTA DE SORPRESA

Sc lie ofreci6 una fiesta de sor'
presa a la Sra. Rita Garcia en- los
salones de "Ragan Park, y fue
ofrecida por las Sras. Maria Ma
ri v Estela Rodriguez.
Animadisima Sc vic, agrade-
ciendo la Sra. Garcia ell honor que
Sc lie hacia.
Hubieron distintos juegos de sa
Ion, siendo la con%currencia obse-
ouiada con dulces, "cake" y un
ponohe.
La gaceta., 1943-08-24
PARA KEY WEST

En- la nOche de aver partlo pa
ra Key West ell estimado amigo
Alfredo Sanchez, acompanado de
SUI esposa e hijos.
Seg1n nos manifestara, lleva Ell
nron6sito de radicarse en- esa clu-
dad. que lie viera nacer.
Salud y exitos.
La gaceta., 1943-08-24
LICENCIA

Gozando de varios dias de licen
cia Sc encuentra entire nosOtros ell
Pvt. Henry Fernandez.
Pertenece al cuerpo de infante-
ria v Sc halla estacionado en- ei
Campamento Fort Bragg, en- N.
Caroline.
Residira con sus padres, domi-
ciltados en- ell 1902 de la Gale
Union, en- West Tampa.
Bienvenido.
La gaceta., 1943-08-24
PARA SU
CAMPAMENTO

Regres6 a su Campamento de
entrenamiento, luego de haber dis
frutado de varios dias de licencia'
ell Pfc. Gregorio Rodriguez.
LIE despidieron sus familiiares y
amistades. LIE deseamos suerte, sd
lud y ascensos.
La gaceta., 1943-08-24

fde recibimos la agrada-
de Ia poetisa Sra. Lui-
Vidal, la que nos in
habia decidido efectuar
ell Viernes 8 de Sep
n vez del dia ~primero, co
habia anunciado.
'edirse nos prometio ell
integro.
.lugar, pues, ell dia 8 de
!, en- ell teatro del Circu-
La gaceta., 1943-08-24

ana de aver regreso
i, Cuba, luego de ha-
ALI cinco semanas,
cular amigo DR.. Ju-
%compahadO de su gen
arta.
/. regres6 tuvO la de-
lacernos una vista, la
|mos en- TODD su valor.
Ell DR.. Gavilla sus
lara realizar estudios
Ii Municipal de la In
II es ~dignamente diri-
prOfesOres Ores. Aba
de la Infancia es Ell
|de su clase en- la Isla
Ira ell DR.. Gavilla ode
esia Y Sc lie facilit6 la
.ampliar aun mas sus
4 en- las enfermeda-
L ell querido profesio-
,restando sus inteligen
a los nihos.
/ sus consultas parti-
Ia oficina de la Gale
avenida, con el
ntes.
, muy cordial para ell
La gaceta., 1943-08-24
DO

Ito placer c~onsignamos
Ia la ligera mejoria del
oven Willie Sorondo, cl.
haCe varias semanas Sc
Edo en- su hogar.
|idencia, 1921 de la Gale
Fest Tampa, han acudi-
lStades a interesarse por
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-10-19
|AIIyFIyers
|JoinJusos
Continued from Page u

hours later, Lightning fighter bomb
ers bombed railway bridge four
miles to the southeast, while fight
ers machine-gunned and destroyed
their locomotives.
1t was the first Allied rain on Ger
man positions In Jugoslavia and
marked new northward extension
Of the northwest African Air Forces
hitting power.
"a German radio broadcast heard
by the United Press In New York,
claiming Skolpje as Bulgarian ter
ritory, said several civilians were
killed or wounded In the suburbs
Of the city,
A communique broadcast from
Jugoslav partisan headquarters re-
ported continued heavy fighting In
northwestern Jugoslavia and along
the Adriatic coast.
Partisans and Slovene guerrilla
units, the coInmunique said, have
driven the Germans from @ mum.
Der of strongIy-fortified villages.
Heavy street fighting was report
ed In progress In Kostanjevica,
about 80 miles southeast Of Susak,
after the guerrillas had broken into
the town under cover Of o heavy ar
tillery barraSe.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-10-19

imately rs per cent Of all Japanese
merchant tonnage lost since the OUT
break Of war.
The ranging American under
sea craft tackled both combatant
and noncombatant ships. They sank
80 combatant vessels, probably sunk
10 and damaged 10 others. The
non combatant enemy losss included
$50 sunk, 26 probably lost and 81
damaged.
Today's disclosure served to ex-
plain to large degree why the
Japanese have been finding 1t diff
cult to maintain supply lines IN
their stolen empire with ships Of any
size. In recent months, the Japan
ese have been relying largely on
barges for inter-island trai1sporta-
ton and for reinforcing and supply
as well as evacuating their outposts
AS far back as six months ago the
Japanse indicated o shortage Of
merchant tonnage by utilizing de-
stroyers for transport and supply
purposes.
The Japanese suffered particu-
larly heavy losses in fleet tankers
Of prime Importance In order to keep
its air, sea and surface forces sup
piled with fuel. American submar-
ines so far have sunk "a tankers
probably sunk two more and dam
aged 10 others. Cargo and supply
ships represented the largest losses
in the non-combatant category
our subs sent to the bottom 1870 Of
these, probably sank II and DAM
aged 70 others.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-10-19

rubber plant, q huge oil refinery
numerous aircraft, tank, gun and
truck plants and three railway mar
Ihalling yards.
The Raj last attacked Hanover
he night Of Oct. 8 and reconnais-
lance photographs taken later
showed one and O half miles in the
center Of the city devastated.
The Mosquito raid on Berlin was
the S6th attack Of the war on the
German capital and was believed
designed to draw of German fighter
strength from the main assault on
Hanover, as well as to keep the
nerve Of Berliners on edge.
German planes appeared over
London last night for the third
straight night and dropped bombs
IN &c least one section. Bombs also
fell IN East Anglia and Southern
England. A communicue reported
damage and o number Of deaths.
There was no immediate explana-
ton Of mission from which Amer
lean flying fortresses were seen re-
turning across the English southeast
coast yesterday, but It was possible
that they were on training flights.
British typhoon flghter-hombers
attacked the st. Omer airfield IN
Northwest France yesterday and
teamed with spitfires in raids on
enemy shipping Off Holland and
Belgium and on locomotives In
france. Two planes were lost.