davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1943-08-12
Denies Pay To
Workers Idle
In Bluckouts
when The Lights Come On
Again" War Labor
Bourd Rules

Washington, d. {. ILNS).-Actin@
for the first time on the issue, the
National War Labor Board has refused
Il union request that its members be
paid during blackout$.
The Biscuit Council, Ten City Nego-
tiating Committee, AFL, made the re-
quest for 5000 employees of the Ma
tional Biscuit Co. in Atlanta. New
York, PHI a d lp IA, Cambridge,
Buffalo, Memphis, Kansas City, Mag
ara Falls, Toledo and Marseilles, ILL.,.
But the board upheld its arbitrator,
Aaron HorvitZ, who said that Office of
Civilian Defense rules are binding on
both the company and the union and
the resulting Inconvenience must be
borne by both. The company pays EN-
plOyees who actually are assigned to
any duties in connection with the com
pany's property during drills and test
he said.
However, the board granted Il 2cent
hourly pay increase To the $500 work
erS and cracked its Little Steel wage
formula in the process. The employees
were entitled only to | 2 cents an hour
more under this formula but, the VILE
said, to grant this odd sum would
produce bookkeeping difficulties"
The WLB also clarified its decision
in the Los Angeles street railway case
by saying that starting rates were in
creased 6 cents an hour, though a gen
eral 1O-cent boost had been denied.
The starting pay of trainmen of the
Los Angeles Railway Corp. was in
creased from 20 to 76 cents an hour,
with a 4-cent stepup to 80 cents after
6 months service. Previously one year
of service brought a 6-cent increase,
with another cents after two years.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1943-08-12
OPAProgrdmFor
Rent Control Is
Upheld By Court
ConstitutionalitY Of Entire
System Approved In Three
Sweeping Decisions

Washington, ID. G. = The constitu-
tiOnality of OPA'S entire rent control
program was upheld in three sweep
ing decisions handed down by the
emergency Court of Appeals in dis
: missing the complaints of Stanley W.
)Taylor of San Francisco, Charles W.
Wilson and Emma Bennett of Chicago,
and the Lakemore Company of Cleve-
land, Ohio.
In addition, these three important
rent control principles were rea1lirmed
by the Court:
THAT rent regulations are valid
if they are generally fair and equitable
to landlords even though an indi-
vidual landlord may not be able to OBJ
tain Il fair return on his rental prop
erty,
2-that the Administrator is not re-
Qlired to grant rent adjustments on
the basis of individual cost increases,
3-tbat landlords whose rentals are
lower than rents for comparable prop
critics are not entitled to increases on
this basis alone.
In the Taylor case the complaint
mad launched a broad attack upon the
Emergency Price Control Act and the
Rent Regulations asserting that they
violated established constitutional
standards. The three-man Emergency
Court rejected these contentious. In
this decision, the court said:
"IncreaSeS in rents have an imme-
diate effect on wage earners. Other
items are normally bought in small
quantities and Il small increase in the
price of such commodities makes no
great impression upon the wage Garner.
Rents are paid in lump sums, how
ever. and wage earners are acutely
= aware of the fact that their living
costs are increasing when rents are
raised. Furthermore, in the case of
most commodities, wage earnerS can
reduce their purchases and thereby
adjust thier budgets to price i'll
creaSeS: in the case of rental housing
in war centerS, however, workers gen
orally have no choice, because the
supply of housing is so severely
limited. Accordingly, wage earners
tend to demand wage increases to Off
set encrOachmentS on their living
standards resulting from higher rents.
IF such wage increases are not
granted. labor friction and strikes may
arise to impede the prosecution of the
war. If wages are raised, the pressure
for increased prices soon makes itself
Afelt. Further demands for wage in
Inns,
an inllationary spiral initiated by rent
increases gathers momentum. Ihe
vital Importance of the rent control
program to the war effort is thus
apparent.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1943-08-12

MuSSOllnl.
1T is through their work, that the
workers are taught how the shortage
of manpower and the military Situa-
ton can be exploited to enforce every
day demands and to gather these de-
mands and actions into Il movement
directed against the entire Fascist
regime. Milan, Turin and Naples are
the centerS of labor resistance. Secret
meetings of the leadership Of the I'M
dergrOund movement in Milan are
attended by delegates from other
towns and districts"
\ number of strikes helped to focus
the attention of the workers as yet
passive, on the growing power of the
revived trade union groups. Strikes
took place in Milan, Turin, Naples.
Trieste, and the mining districts of
IStria. Circulation of underground lit
erature and papers grew enormously.
Nets of sabotage also occurred in
I'adua, Poola, Bologna, PiacenZa, Ge-
noa, and other important centers.
The Italian underground paper
italia Liberia" reported in detail on
the strike disturbances in Turin, which
affected practically all industrial and
armament plants in that city. All
Fascist efforts to suppress these mani
festations proved unavailing. Hundreds
of workers were arrested and their
families terroriZed.
The despairing regime also took ac-
ton against its own creation, the com
pulSOry labor Fascist unions, and ar
bitrarily removed many of their heads
among them the leader of the Fascist
railwaymen'S union.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1943-08-12
Workers Lose Race
With Living Costs
Half Of American Labor Is
Worse Off Financially
Than Before War

Half of the 100000 American
workers outside of agriculture are
worse off financially than they were
before the new World War broke out
in Europe four years ago, John W.
Edelman, labor liasOn officer on the
staff of the Office of Price AdminiStra-
ton, revealed this week.
These 2O,OOO,OOO have either re-
ceived no increase in wages during the
four years. or their rise in earnings
Jagged behind the galloping cost of
living, IIdelman said.
The other 2OOOO,OO0 were able to
keep pace with skyrocketing prices
only by toiling long hours of overtime,
he pointed out.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1943-08-12
Labor News From Brituin

London.--A strong plea for the de
velopment of scientific research to aid
Britain's coal industry in adapting it
self to postwar needs has been made
by an unofficial group of members Of
Parliament and representatives of a
number of scientific and technical in
stitutions
The groups report has excited much
interest among the Trade Unions.
Britain's Trade Union Congress is ac-
lively associated with the effort to
bring scientific knowledge to bear upon
the problems of industry. 1t main
tains a Scientific Advisory Committee
consisting of ten members of the T.t.C
General Council, whose main function
is to secure the help and advice of
leading scientists i'm framing Industrial
policy; and this Committee owes its
existence to a suggestion made by the
present Minister of Labour, Ernest
Bevin, when he presided at the Trades
Union Congress in 1897.
One of the TUG. members of the
Scientific Advisory Committee, George
Thomson, reminded me of Ernes,
Bevin's statement that there is Il
"time-lag" between the work of Scien
fists in research, discovery and inven
ton and their adaptation to industry
when we were discussing the report or
coal utilization research.
Increasing Potential Energy
He emphasized point made in the
repOrt-that there are 10000 quail
fled research workers, technicians
| scientists and engineers recorded or
the central register of the Ministry o.
LabOur, but only Il few hundred are
engaged in research directly concerned
with the utilization of coal.
The Committees recommendation
for intensive research in this tiel'
about 30 per cent of the potentia
energy of coal is turned to useful ac
count by present methods of utiliZa
ton. This does not mean that th
whole of the balance of 20 per cent
representing about 15O,OOO,OOO tons ;
| year, Is wasted Dul llle COMMITTEE /
satisfied that there is scope for i'm
provement-particular in view of tn
fact that there are industrial installa
tiOns now working with an overall
efficiency in coal utilization eXceedin;
60 per cent.
Accordingly the Committee propose
that more research workers should b.
assigned to the fundamental task o
developing methods of producing liqui'
fuels and chemicals from coal. Other
should undertake investigation of in
proved methods of releasing and uSin
the energy in coal.
Experimental furnaces should tr.
out new principles of combustion hea
transfer, modern methods of using Goa
for fixed and mobile farm machinery
for heating the soil, and for producin
steam for cleansing, and on the dc
mestic side for increasing the use o
Snokeless fuels and of continuous
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1943-08-12
Action On Priority Ratings
Minimum Wage Violators
Forced To Pay S50,l50

Albany, y. y. GLNS).-In the first
Department collected S5O,15O.31 from
1888 establishments for 4,6S4 women
and minors who had been paid that
much less than the legal minimum
rates prescribed in the minimum
gated under the state minimum wage
law. \ total of 2,155 firms paid less
than a minimum rate during the g.
month period. Restaurants We're the
principal violatOrs of this phase of the
law, showing 1.22O such violations
Underpayments collected from 764 res,
taurants amounted to SD 2,SS691 for
21S7 women and minors
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1943-08-12
Labor Officials Ask Workers
ToSpeed Up War Production
Golden And Keenan, Of The WPB Warn That Our Use
Of Munitions Is Growing Heavily As We
Press Attack On Axis

WaShingtOn.-The Armed Forces are
using up munitions at an ever-increaS-
ing sate of speed as they come to
closer grips with Axis forces, and for
that reason an overall rise in war pro-
duction is vital, two high labor officials
of the War Production Board said.
In a joint appeal to war workers to
nous" job Of whipping Germany and
Japan could be carried out. Clinton $.
Golden, manpower vice chairman, and
Joseph keenan,, labor production vice
chairman of WPB, emphasized the
difficult supply problems faced by the
nation.
Nazi-dominated Europe, they said,
was solid contiguous land mass, and
the NaziS were fighting us from inside,
while the Allies must fight from the
outside, moving around the rim. Ger
many'S lines of communications were
short, continuous and secure, while we
must transport troops, military equip
ment and food over thousands of miles
Of water.
Pacific Difficulties Stressed
The Pacific war theatre, twice as
far away as Europe, was correspond
ingly more difficult to attack, they
added warning the Japanese have had
IL year to entrench themselves and de-
velop supplies and defenses in the
Pacific islands. China and Burma.
Our own supply problem, magni-
fled by the distances to the fifty over
seas fronts and outpOStS where our
soldiers. sailors and marines fight, is
enormous the statement continued.
"A few figures on the extent of this
problem will demonstrate the need for
moore and more production.
1T takes 400 troop ships and $50
cargo ships to transport 1,0OO,OOO i'll
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1943-08-12
New Social Security Bill
Endorsed By CIO

Washington, ID. G. 0LNS).-A uni
fled federal unemployment insurance
system is particularly necessary be-
the Economic Outlook, CIO official
publication, declared in urging passage
of the Wagner-AIurray-D bill,
drafted and sponsored by the American
Federation of Labor.
The Economic Outlook said that the
bill would replace the piece-meal and
wholly inadequate state systems of I'M
employment compensation with a well
planned federal system.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1943-08-12
Organized Workers Urged
To Speed Up Building Of
VitdAY Needed Wdrships


Washington D. c. OLNS)-The Navys need for destoyers
destroyer vessels landing craft emphasized by
Rear Admiral L. Cochrane Chief of the Bureau of Ships who
said these vessels among the types Of craft to
precedence by the Navy.
The adnrals statement prompted by inssent demands
from the Commander in Chief IT, Fleet and the forces aoat
which emphasize that the successful completion of the
qure the very earliest possible completion delivery and placement
service of these vessels during 943 particularly
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1943-08-12
BAN ON BARE LEGS LIFTED

Cincinnati.-.John NJ. Baker head Of
the Regional ManpOwer Commission,
has lifted a tWO-year ban against bare
legs among women employees of the
L. S. Employment Service. We're at
war now" he explained. Things are
different. The less hose the girls buy
the more war bonds they can pur-
chase"
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1943-08-12
WOMEN COLLECT GARBAGE

Waterloo, Ia.-This city is employ
ing two women as garbage collectors.
According to city officials, this seems
to be mans job, but since most
up garbage than are most men, tap
ping this new source of labor for the
job has prONen a successful expert
ment.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1943-08-12
fantry soldiers overseas. We have al
most 2,5OO,OOO overseas now.

fantry soldiers overseas. We have al
most 2,5OO,OOO overseas now.
Heavy Task For Shipping
1T takes ten to eighteen tons of
shipping to deliver a soldier and his
equipment, the range depending on his
branch of service. 1t takes from one IL
three tons of shipping month to keep
each soldier fighting.
"A single infantry division eXpends
:142 tons of ammunition in one day
firing A single armored division fires
more than 600 tons of ammunition in Il
days action. In one hour Il 1O5-milli-
meter cannon can shoot out more than
three tons of steel
Recalling that in one very active
day Allied air forces in North Africa
required 100000 gallons of high
octane gasoline, the WPB vice chair
man said that such Il quantity would
be sufficient to operate 10000 car clubs
for Il year.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1943-08-12
Union Reorganization Begins
With Crumbling Of Fdsicst
: Power, Workers Informed
STRIKES FOCUS POWER OF TRADE GROUPS

New York City QNS).The extent to which the Fascist
system had disnraed MONTHS particularly since the
defeat Of the Axis North Africa is shown by under
ground from Italy which reached the London headquarters
of the international Transport Workers Federation shortly before
Aussons downfall the American Office of the federation says
In virtually all industries the factories groups of anFascs
workers active organized in cells the tradition of
the former trade unions and other labor institutions crushed by
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1943-08-12

Victory demands thrift. What could
be more thrifty than buying War
Bonds today 50 that you can have
more cash tomorrow?
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1943-08-12

1t has been aptly said that the
politics of the immediate post-victory
world will be largely that of bread.
carrots, potatoes, beans and radishes.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1943-08-12

next 5 months.
Goal Seen Difficult
This statement comes as a challenge
TO organized labor, which is building
these vitally needed ships, at "A time
when production is tagging, according
to high ranking government officials
who blame the drop on Over-optimism
brought about by recent Allied sue
ceSSeS.
The existing scheduled completion
dates Of vessels are recognized as a
difficult goal to attain and in many
cases reflect the maximum possible
accomplishment" the admiral said. Il
cannot stress too strongly the real need
for improved performance, anticipated
schedules, always doing the improb-
able and often the impossible. Much is
requested, Much is expected Still
more is needed
Action On Priority Ratings
Admiral COchrane expressed his
bureaus appreciation that workers are
doing their utmost to carry out this
objective, and said action is being
taken to improve the priority ratings
where il will help the production of
these ships.
Other craft in the top precedence
list are certain types Of mine SWeepers,
Sub-chasers, transports. cargo and
other fleet auXiIiaries.
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1943-04-20
Ann Arbor News
Good Friday Music TO
be Given in Auditorium

Ann Arbor, Apr 20-Musie OF
unusual interest will be presented
in Hill Auditorium on the Uni
yersity OF Michigan campus at AIS
p. m. on Good Friday. when Palm
err Christian, University organist.
will play his annual Good Friday
program.
Works by representative COM
posers from the 18th century TO
the present day will be heard. in
Guiding a fugue. kanzone and cpl
logue by Karg- Ebert. written for
organ, violin and women's chorus.
In this composition, Mr.. Christian
will have the assistance OF Wassily
Besekirsky, violinist, and the
women's voices from the Madrigal
singers.
For the past several seasons. the
public has found the Good Friday
hour OF organ music TO be a vel
come opportunity for a period OF
contemplation on this significant
day OF the church year.
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1943-04-20
CeorgeBurke
OPACounsel

Ann Arbor, Apr. 20-Announce-
ment Is made by Printiss NJ. Brown,
administrator OF the Office of Price
Administration. that he has named
Georged J. Burke. distinguished
Ann Arbor lawyer, as general coun-
sci OF OPA to succeed David Gains
burg. who has resigned to enter the
Army. During the last few days
conferences were held between
Brown and Murke and the appoint
ment was made when they found
themselves III general agreement
as TO policies necessary 10 SELL
wartime price fixing and rationing
10 the people of the country.
Mr. Burke was born in North
field Township, Washtenaw Coun-
'ty. Dec 5, 1885, was graduated from
The University OF Michigan with
a degree OF LIB in 1907, and has
since been a prominent attorney
and political leader.
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1943-04-20
Rites Conducted For
Mrs. Nellie S. O'Hearn

Ann Arbor. Apr. 20-Funeral SER
vices for Mrs. Nellie S. O'Hearn
were at 9 o'clock this morning a.
st. Thomas Catholic Church. with
burial in st. Thomas Cemetery.
Mrs. O'Hearn died Monday after
a long illness at the home of her
sister, Mrs. Frank Vessel, ia
Haven Ave. She was born 50 years
ago in Freedom Township on July
5. 1860, daughter OF Michael and
Emma McHugh Butler. She form
erly resided in st. Paul, Mimi. re-
turning here after the death OF her
husband in 1880.
Surviving. beside the sister. is a
nephew, Capt. Robert Butler Of
St. Paul MINI.
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1943-04-20
Private Rites Today
For Mrs. F. @. Nabeack

Ann Arbor, Apr. 20-Private fu-
neral services for Mrs. Augusta W.
Nabeack, 1882 Saline Rd., Lodi
Township, were held for the family
at o'clock today at the Much
Zig Chapel, with public services at
1880 at St Pauls Church, with
Rev. Carl Brauer officiating. Burial
was in Clarenceyille, near Farm
ington.
Mrs. Nabeack, wife OF Fred G.
Nabeack. died Saturday at her
home after a long illness. she
was born in Germany May Z, 1876,
and came to the United States at
the age of IS. She was married
Jan. 3, 1895 and had lived in Lodi
Township for II years, previously
residing in Pennington.
Besides her husband, she leaves
a daughter. Mrs. Edward Stenke.
and two sons. Louis and Carl. all
of Lodi Township; and II grand
children.
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1943-04-20
Flight Sergeant Lewis.
Bombardier, Missing

Ann Arbor, Apr. 20-Flight Sgt.
Howard c. Lewis, son of Mr.. and
Mrs. Roy + Lewis, of the Hilldene
Manor, 1920 Washtenaw Ave, a
heavy bomber pilot for the Royal
Canadian Air Force. has been re-
ported missing following air opera.
tons on the night OF March 1914
over Essen. Germany.
Sgt. Lewis, who was 20 years
OF age and the youngest member
OF the Lancaster bomber crew. en-
listed in the RCAF at the age OF
is, beginning training in Toronto
on March 3. 1871. He came with
his family to Ann Arbor six years
ago, and attended Ypsilanti High
School, interrupting his studies to
enlist in the RCAF. While a stu
dent he took pilot training from
the Ann Arbor Air Service. receiv.
ing a private license.
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1943-04-20
FIRE DESTROYS THEATER

Midland, Mich, Apr. Monday
ofternoon fire destroyed the Frolic
Theater here causing damage esti
mated at 100000. Starting in the
furnace room and whipped by a
high wind, the fire became out Of
control an hour after firemen start
ed combating the blaze. Trucks
from the OCD and Dow Chemical
Co. were rushed to the scene in an
effort to help firemen stop the
blaze from spreading to adjoining
buildings. William 4. Cassidy and
his family were in an apartment in
the building at the time, but were
rushed to safety.
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1943-04-20
Two BOYS Bitten,
Dogs to be Tied

Two boys were bitten by dogs
over the week end. They were
George Marker, 215 n. Hamilton
St. and William Carter, Az W.
Michigan Ave.
The Marker boy was bitten by a
dog belonging to yern Crimson, 1O5
y. Hamilton St, and the Carter
boy by one belonging to Walter
Jones, All w. Michigan Ave. Mr..
Jones said his dog had been kept
tied and that when the Carter boy
took a short cut through his yard
he was bitten. Police advised both
dog owners to keep the animals
under observation for a 10 day
period.