davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-12-21
Pacific
Continued From First Page

enemy pattern after the first few
days intensive attacks failed to pro-
duce results. He said the situation
at Arawe was generally unchanged
on the basis of reports up to yes
terday
Across the Vitiaz Strait in New
Guinea, Australian forces forded
tanks and artillery across the Ma
sawang River in pursuit of the
japanese who until recently con-
trolled all of the strategic Huon
Peninsula.
Scores of heavy and medium Al.
lied bombers again hammered Cape
Gloucester. on the western end o1
New Britain. dropping Ala tons o1
bombs on enemy airdrome, supply
and bivouac areas. Damage was
described as widespread"
The tonnage. left in two raids
Sunday, topped the bomb loac
dumped on any one enemy location
in one day in this war theater, anc
brought to 1900 tons the total de.
livered at Cape Gloucester since
December /.
Barge Route Severed.
Cape Gloucester marks the forl
of the enemy barge supply route
eastward from New Guinea. BY
taking Arawe, the Allies have sew
cred the route that branches along
the south coast of New Britain
Should they also seize Cape Glou'
cester, the north coast route lead.
ing to the big enemy base at Rabaul
New Britain. would be cut.
Australian fighters on Huon Pen.
insula, New Guinea, cashed in or
Allied air command in that section
by driving out at bayonet point tht
japanese south of Masawang River
Is miles north of Finschhafen. Tn.
enemy in full retreat was pursued
across the river, leaving on the south
Evening star., 1943-12-21
President Dismisses
| Run1or of Ban on
New Front Guesses
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
Reports that British and
American censors were prepar-
ing to ban speculation on a new
fighting front were dismissed
today by President Roosevelt
as just another London story.
The question was raised at
his news conference.
Evening star., 1943-12-21
Raids

Continued From First Page.)
Evening star., 1943-12-21

working out a postwar plan for
world security and peace.
Evening star., 1943-12-21

UTIUI I tIiUCISII VICtu.
Mr.. Manbeck responded that 'the
Columbia Typographical Union yields
to no one in patriotism. 1t has the
largest ratio of men in the armed
services of any local of the ITU."
The union president complained
that the publishers delayed bar
banning negotiations which started
in october and injected many
issues which the local union was
forbidden to bargain on by its in
ternational Office.
Mr.. Manbeck explained that in
Evening star., 1943-12-21

Issue Goes Deep.
$50 this thing goes pretty deep
with labor. I am not talking for
the employers. I am talking for
labor, organized labor, in this coun-
try. I say it comes right down to
this proposition: Is the bond that
organized labor gives that it is going
to carry out its contracts, is that
going to be a bond that we are
proud of? Are we going to be able
to look the world in the face and
say Come what may that is the
bond of organized labor or are we
not? That is the question that
labor has before us in this.
And my advice to you is this-and
I say again and again-God only
knows it's to help you and organized
labor-carry out the terms of your
contract.
Let me just say this further:
Here you are in Washington, and
you know what this Congress is just
as well as do. You bring the mat
ter to the attention of every enemy
that organized labor has in Congress
And you think the Smith -Connally
bill is bad. I am telling you that if
these things 60 on, we'll say: We
wish to God we had some liberal
legislation like the Smith -Connally
bill in the years that are to come
Detroit evening times., 1943-09-03
Quick Questions

False or true Dandruff IS a
cause Of badness?
What's the difference IN the
functions of Your cercbrum
and your cerebellum?
3-If YOU read that Roosevelt
and Churchill collogued what
would YOU think they did >
Which. one of our largest
cities is named for a British
prime minister
5-LonC before the hemisphere
war became Clobal. We f1at
hemoglobln war. OF what
KIND? !?
6-Which NJ the worlds best
loved hymns was written by
John Cardinal Newman on
sailing Vessel between Two
islands now In the war news,
Corsica and Sardinia ?
In what battle that ended 2
dictatOr's conquest of Africa
was II that a boy stood
upon the burning deck
whence all but hum had
fed .
s You know of course what
is transmitted by telephoney.
bur what is transmitted by
telcEony?
ANSWERS on Page \ine)
Detroit evening times., 1943-09-03
CHINA's ASPIRATION HIGH

A CCORDING 10 data re-
y Gently released by tn Q
Chinese minister Of education
twentv-Seven million persons
have been taught 10 read and
write since the beginning of
war in 1897. and the ilIiteracy
now is 40 pcr cent, compared
with moro than 50 per cent
when James Yen began his
work % years ago During
those years Yen has pro-
crossed into new fields his edu-
cation1l work scientific tlain-
ing. public health and civic ad.
minISfIdfIon arc now q part ol
hi, enlarged service for the cdu-
cation and uphuIdInG Of China
with rs 80 million population.
Even though great progress
has been made the surface only
has boon scratched NcNCrLnc-
loss it is Yen basis of edu-
cation upon which China desires
10 build IT'S character and
standard Of living II calls
forth the greatest international
cooperation However, there
must not be a SCintilla Of pat
ronaCe IN the assistance given
by other nations The Chinese
only want others TO help thcm
- hcip themselves, As any other
Self-rcSpoctlnG nation would de-
sire. They have sufficient in
mate skill innate fudephndehNc
,of mind, and individual rcSpon-
sihiIlty permanently 10 con-
Siruct high >tadardS in their
way Of life They are no dI-
ferert from any other people
for as VIC evolve they viii
evolve and construct a world
Of vEor and plenty and not oi
scarcity
We do not want postwar
planning developed on the basis
Of equality Of suffering, but
Detroit evening times., 1943-09-03

There are admittedly back
ward countries which need 10
draw heavily on Bill Smiths IN
sututionS rich in the sciences,
education and health. These. IN
strutionS should be made avail
able 10 all peoples through a
wide distribution of knowledge
-lra.l4- a<t-aHd eteF-efee'tii 4 <
>torchouSeS. Wealth and IN
come Of a people find their
sources Dll in education. 90 IN
tho sciences. 80 In their indus
Try and thrift. a. in the adj
Vancement of health and 81
in their natural resources. The
more Of such good things that
an nations can make available
10 those who require them, the
closer We Will get TO the spirit
pf world brotherhood
Detroit evening times., 1943-09-03
JAMES YEN

I NOW give YOU an amazing
L illustration Of how quickly
backward nations can advance
with skilled leaders and with
the aid of educational insttu-
tlOnS such as Bill Smiths This
is tho story OF Y c. James Yen
q member Of the landed gentry
OF his native China
Yen m 1915 graduated from
Yalie5-4HA alie5- ttt-ihe- e-foftowiuE ttrUr
received his master of arts de-
gree from Princeton University
II was his intention that ho
would rclurn TO China and enter
educational or offiClal life ~
accordance with the boSi Chi
noSe traditions Bui World War
7 changed all that when IN
1915 the Allies had their backs
20 tho wall
To conserve the vanishing
manpoWcr. they imported thou
sands of Chinese laborerS INTO
France. The British and French
officers understood neither their
language nor their customs You
VII bc Particularly Interested
10 hear that tho Young Men s.
Christian Association accepted
shc call 10 help This great or
Canilation. of which YOU arc a
part recruited a number Of Chi
nose students from American
universities. Who we've made
secretaries I'M charge Of The .rcc-
lcatonal and welfare work for
th, Chinese labor corps James
Yen was ono of them
Jp 10 this period Ncn had
on s. mingled with students now
he met for the first time the
Detroit evening times., 1943-09-03
Enqineman Bill Smith Looks at the Postwar World

on tie basis Of equality of q
p0r'unIty 10 grow and improve.
We do not know from whence
comes tho ingonmtlc> Of peoples
they arc part Of thor hid
den virtues lnCcnut'os arc
born from the grass roots and
gain thor SPARKS of genls= cz!t=
OF TT70 T63VcnS Thov are not
selected hy prenatal detclmira-
ton That is What makes
America a great nation and a
great democracy
The Yen formula 81 cncourac-
ing and enlarginc tho ability Of
tho individual. is The American
formula This formula VIII serve
10 extend American as well a.
world wealth and income. not
impair them. Finally Bill Smith
is bound 10 approve for the &C
Ceptance Of this formula for the
postwar period should lessen
MS fears concerning the future
The End
Detroit evening times., 1943-09-03
The Rising Might Of Russia

IN A speech the Isle OF Man Herbert Morrison. the
| British home secretary forth few days ago what
is probably Brtans official idea of It's postwar lob
Mr. Morrison said that Brtains "post-victory task
would be "to the head of any German government
for five, twenty. fifty or hundred years to
make sure there wifi be
That purpose line with EHglaHds traditional
European policy during the last 100 yearsa policy Of
subugatng and keeping subjection any nation on the
continent which endcavors TO become and to remain
dominant power
II is policy which England has pursued with Won
derful shrewdness and skill.
Out of it have grown a number Of Europes greatest
wars.
ONE nation after another has risen position of
~ military and commercial strength, inimcal to the
British interests
One after another England has been able to over
throw them and Cto Home Secretary Morrsons fig
urative language)-sit on their heads
The struggle began in the sixteenth century when
the strongest and richest power Spain, guted with
the gold and silver of the New World.
Great Britain broke the Spanish power under
Queen Elizabeth defeating the armada and, nearly
century later Spain was completely humbed the Battle
of Gravenes when for the first time British redcoas,
trained by Cromwell. fought beside the French
IOLLAND succeeded for a brief period to SPANS
/ l prosperity, and Holland broken by the British
Next France under Louis XIV threatened to hold
the mastery but France checked by MarIboroughs
campaigns and victories
tinent to his sway it was England that again reduced
France.
tanning a so-called balance of power" until Germany
challenged England. bringing on the first world war.
There is no longer any doubt as to the outcome Of
1t Will end in Germany's total defeat
But, when the war has been won, British foreign
policy Will find bigger problem than PROSTATE
Germany.
THAT problem Will be mighty postwar Russia
l greatly aggrandized and wholly militant and
mihtarzed
Detroit evening times., 1943-09-03
The World in ReUieW
Reflections on Sicily Thres RaFt
I Part \
\ Three !

Military, Authority and Former University

water and beach. seem to have been small;
they had to take great chances; what they
did had to be done daringy and speedily.
But their work seems to have been accopA r
plished in clever and heroic manner y
The result is this. and il is very I'M
portant resut-American soldiers have ex-
perienced the hardest fighting that the AXIS
can give them, and have won The German
command must now know and feel, mat IN
all further fighting with elements OF the
American army, they are facing foes not IN
feror to themselves, and handled by as able
a command. This is a distinct war achieve
ment. 1t will have effect upon all future
operations. The myth Of German invinclbllity
is destroyed. Overwhelming preponderance
of numbers, on the continent of Europe, the
Germans still possess, but given comparable
conditions of combat, they have learned that
they can be defeated
THE strategic advantages afforded by the
1 Allied capture of Sicily can be understood
by us all. The greatest island of the Medi-
terranean and the most powerfully defended
has been taken. All other islands in enemy
possession can certainly be captured by the
Allied force when the strategy Of war de-
mands that they be seized The possession
OF Sicily vital TO the control and 10 the free
dom Of the "bottlcneck' Of the Mediterranean.
opens the vital route fram Gibraltar 20 the
Red Sea. Il shortcns the route 10 the Far
East. 1t makes possible what has hardly
been possible before a concentration Of Allied
forces 10 wreck the japanese hold on Burma.
Other invasons may he based upon Sicily.
The southern coasts Of western Europe can
be attacked from this vantage point. Many
Il ffor 90
against the Axis are now feasible What
should be done first, and what should
deferred. is a matter for military recommends
ton. and for the political decision Of the
civilian chiefs Of government.
The great strategic decisions Of the war
have now assumed a method which undoubt-
edy will be followed, and which Is indis-
pensable 10 success. Il hes in the grant Of
the initiative Of military action 10 the Allied
general staff The reported presence at
Quebec Of 800 Representatives of-thc Allied
army and naval services Is significant Of me
part 70 be taken in these great decisions hy
the fighting forces themselves.
THESE Allied staff officers and chiefs Of
/ staff have been working in close concert
al Washington for many months. They repre-.
sent all possible knowledge that can be gained
in regard 70 the enemy. They have complete
information in regard 10 the Allied forces the
state of their preparation, and the time and
place AZ which they can no thrown into battle.
They have elaborate calculations and mature
judgments, as 10 what each alternative opera
ton will cost, and what value is achievements
will have for the victory in this war.
The Allies now hold the initiative and IL
not Immediately, in due time can strike any,
Detroit evening times., 1943-09-03

chair bearers BARRIERS fire
cracker makers, pig buyers lun-
Der dealers. diStIllorS baker,
Scavcncors and hundreds of 9th
crS graduated from the people.
school taught by students and
teachers serving without pay
in their spare time Pretty soon
All over Cbina There Vcre eS-
tabhShcd "aSk-Word stations
whore any person could Get free
service when praCuclng his
reading lessons ~
Within a few Years lover
three million textbooks were
sold.
Detroit evening times., 1943-09-03
THE RETURN TO CHINA

VEN then returned 10 China
L oont on the education OF his
countrymen The Inspiration Of
his experience IN France in re-
Celvlng the entire wages OF ono
OF The Chinese Workmon. Nolun-
tarily contributed for the fur
therance of his educational
AlAHIIv7 ttfi4tfitt-4fittii ttfi4tfi -trtrT1 - rtrv0rg
hiS lIfc 10 this service With hs
colleague. Prof IT, & Chen of
Southeastern University Ion
spent the ncNt low years ~
choosing by scientific iuNcStiCa-
tion the thousand most frc-
Quontly used characters IN the
Chinese language With these
they complied four textbooks
which would teach an Illlterate
workman. studying an hour a
day 10 read and write in four
months
With these foundation Ian
guage characters. they later de-
peloped over lQOOteXts on agrl--
culture. history citizenship and
other topics which would spread
knowledge and democratic ideas
among thcir Countrymen This
was called the peoples l,tcra-
turc -
Having observed The great
American Liberty Loan cam
paignS in the last war. Yon do
CIdcd N use the same methods
In recruiting student, and
teachers for his schools ~
the end OF four months some
Loo students ricksha
coolies, sIlversmiths. policemen,
Detroit evening times., 1943-09-03
ANSWERS on Page Nine)

Let us he Of good cheer,
however. remembering that the
mlsfortuneS hardest 10 bear arc
those which never Come.-James
Russell Lowell
Detroit evening times., 1943-09-03
The End

A man who is good enough 10
shed his blood for h.s country
is good enough 10 boz given a
square deal aftorward More
than that no man IS entitled 20.
and less than that no man
shall haye-Theodore RodSe-
Detroit evening times., 1943-09-03

Chinese armer and laborer
Greatly struck by their earnest
ness and innate abilities. Yen
suddenly realized that in such
men as they lay the hope for
making China a true and great
democracy Most of them were
Illitcratc farmers. more than so
PEP cent ef whom fetftdi firtt4frt 4frt-t-
read nor write UndISmaycd by
such an obstacle. Yen struck
then and there with ono Of the
most unusual and dramatic cN-
perlmentS IN education which
have ever been made | Will toll
you about H.
Yen m ade a beginning in
France 10 teaching the IllItcrate
m very limited manner 10
read and write Chinese. 4 num-
her left for their homeland AZ
the end Of The war qualified IN
such rudImcntS
Detroit evening times., 1943-09-03

right, 80 great as 10 he of in
finite worth 80 towering IN the
scale OF values that he has
rights even against the state
However. Bill Smith must
NOW and after victory renew
and Ngll7nty preserve hIN faith
I'M our system of government
-tf4tll fftzft tttft ~ f,,tfS,- Wifteit ttaet'
gwen hum as he has struggled
upward on his own, an ever
increasing standard of living
He must nor permit this glori-
Gus q o m ocraCN TO become
proSuWtrd. His individual re-
Sp0nSiblhty and initiative must
sull further he advanced He
must avoid a all cost any per
manent establishment of 4
doadcnng bureaucracy in Amer
yea which VIII take away from
him the right 10 manage ms own
affairs and those of his family.
DESIRE WHOLESOME
THINK u would dc miSinter-
L prcung Bill Smiths attitude
as be- looks ou' upon the future
Of the world, should | not eN-
plain that he has a wholesome
desire 10 help other peoples
through thc world 10 help them
SELVES. He would want 10 sec
AL -nLhcl- -uaL-nulS- equipped as
we are. as rcSOurCCluI as We
are. with standard Of living
such as We have and with an
ability 20 serve tho world In
tho postwar period YOU may
depend ON bIm t0 do hIS fun
part with those of other United
Nations 10 produce these re-
suits Al Of tins mutual help
ulnc,> ul the nations of the
world during a reconstruction
period should begin al The roots
of the basic needs Bill Smith
would help feed and clothe the
moody ones torn by the war. un-
f.I a. is possible for them 10
-r-#-r tor -ft7rruvcivCS
The price Of peace. through
oU tno. w0rldNis fully worth a
vIsc aud\cnduAng unSelfiShnCSS
u American intelligence and
initiative with those of other
nations arc freely released 10
develop inc education the
noa.tn the sciences the indus
Detroit evening times., 1943-09-03
The De-Americanization
Conspiracy

THE words #ntemauona. cooperation are seldom
| used r New Deal circles % Washington.
The word used oftcrcst is .intowauouaDsm
That means that ,hc u S A. VIII be- COMPELLED
to hce4me country in a "orldstato or something
eQualX as fatal 10
COOPERATION IN vorld.reaee tariffs and other
matters has always been oar sane and reasonable foreign
pClC
But we have rsa,., summed any attempt to De
AMERlCANIZE AS
Far that tAe n--atag # an international state INTO
winch thc WaIaoos Wilkes Lasks and their acoytes
would force us
Observation-Disclosures is ,hg very opposite Of
l Amcroan,zation.
One dependency
The other IS SOVEREIGNTY. SELF-DETERAilNA-
TION
Il was these compulsory international alliances that
Washington and jefferson warned us against
They dealt rcO-oPERATIVELY with all nations
BuT TTCy most T7ssj0n3jcIY With the caryoNant
vision Of true prophets opposed 20 leagues al-
anCes or DE -tMERICANIZATlON of any kind.
4E&rEIc1A esIIaatcs! taat there have been 566
y leagues Of nations in the last thousand years
Where they
And look al us TO-DAY
Nearly all Of them LED TO WARS
Luce Sam a "Wnrld-state# ala Wallace would be
a gentleman IN a badger game panel JOINT
Whenever he has gone TO Europe to settle things,
he has come home dressed in zoot suit
In word. the old-line rascally diplomats and
financial SCrooges of Europe made fool of him
Next fail there will be major domestic issue
before the American people
To remain AMERICANIZED or to be DE-AAlERI-
Canned by the countries of Europe and Asia?
Detroit evening times., 1943-09-03
answers on Page NrneJ

Our Country In her inter-
course with foreign nations may
She always be I'M the right but
our country. right or wrong
Sfenhen DeCatuI
Detroit evening times., 1943-09-03

THE sum of reflections upon the campaign
/ in Sicily leads to a reassurng sense of
adequacy Of our Allied armies.
In Sicily our soldiers met the toughest
foes in the world, about four veteran German
divisions, and they defeated them not once.
but repeatedly. We may not yet know he
exact comparative strength of Allied and
Axis armies. The President has revealed that
the total Axis strength was 100000 men.
OF this total, great part is reported TO
have surrendered to Allied troops.
The exact strength of the Allied forces
has not been officially announced and may
not be- at present, but it may have been
about 100000 men in both the American
7th Army and the British 8th Army, counting
only divisional forces. and what are called
corps and army troops and not including
the air arm There appears TO have been
constant movement of requirements from
North Africa. maintaining at all times the
strength Of these divisions and as casualties
in the Allied forces were announced, on Aug.
10, to have been 25,000-these replacements
should have cqualed this number.
This may not be a very close guess as 10
Allied numbers but in any case, the invading
force was obviously below the numerical
strength Of the Scilian defensive forces, which
it attacked and Uvcrcdn1e.
THE Italian element in the AXIS army
/ showed little spirit, and It did It's hest
service, al the end in covering the evacua-
tions from Messna. The American army
rapidly swept over western Sicily. gaining
occupation Of cities and receiving the sur
render Of disspirited Italians. But they en-
countered at the start of the campaign
heavy blow from a German tank division,
lust after the landing at Celia. This division
was repused. and It then moved away from
the center Of the island 10 the prepared posi-
ton around the southern foot of Mount Etna
where German organization was so strong
that It checked the British Sth Army around
Catania for many days
But after the wide sweep Of western
Sicily was accomplished by the American 7th
Army, and it turned eastward from Palermo
il encountered the German army again. Ap-
parently an additional German division had
been brought into northern Sicily by the
Axis command and here is where real fighting
with German opponents began
It is this battle with our most formidable
foe, that deserves most consideration aI~ will
presumably have the greatest effect upon the
morale Of both armies. Doubtless, the Ger
mans were outnumbered, but they were on
the tactical defensive, and the country both
on the north coast and in the mountainous
interior, assisted the defense.
II THIS battle the American soldiers proved
i themselves not inferior 10 their foes. And
Just as the combination Of British, Canadian
and American strength, united for the final
push, seems 10 have been fautlessly organized
and timed, so also the fighting Of the Amer
ican left wing was skful, and it was tire
less II gave the enemy no pause. Twice a
clever operation, a movement Of troops by
boat around the difficult obstacles on the
coast, made landings in the enemys rear.
Tic nar.,ns anncLL.-r- L-c-. ~.
Detroit evening times., 1943-09-03
L. S. Treasury Dept,

I s. Treasury Dept.
Today S HE Day
10 Buy a Bond
Detroit evening times., 1943-01-03
Moyiic-Co-Round By g,I,'', I,'',''

very far down the road before
its all over,
George Murphy mas been
teaching Denny, his five-year-old
son, how To dance and other day
he broke into an "Off To Buff
falo The next day Denny
looked him up. Lets do an or
IN the Cow" nc suggested.
Mickey Rooney. champ scene
stealer of them all, has had his
work cut out for him keeping
5-year-old Butch Dudley, son
of Doris Dudley and grandson
Of Bide Dudley. from stealing
all the thunder In The Human
Comedy In spite Of his youth,
Butch Is whale of an actor
although very literal minded. lie
pulled a balk that really was A
halk the other day when they
wanted him 10 don paiamaS and
play a bed scene right after
lunch.
II never put on pa jamas In
the middle Of the day." protested
the 5-year-old. II don't want to
play n going-to-bed scene until
night"
And he didn't-whats more.
The entire troupe. including
Mickey stayed around until
night shadows fell 80 Butch"
could feel the scene.