davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1943-06-19

Trouble started with Saturday
night, June 5, when 100 white sail
ors in cars and taxis swooped down
on the North Broadway and North
Main haunts of young Mexican
zoot suit wearers to avenge as
saults on sailors by gangs during
the past two weeks They met little
resistance then, and 20 of the Mex
leans were sent to hospitals. But
the next night, hundreds OF the
Mexican zoot suffers organized and
beat up, slashed and slugged
number of sailors. With increasing
intensity every night, serious riot
ing has taken place, even down on
Broadway in the theatre district.
DRAWN IN FIGHT
Negroes were not included at
first, but through the agitation OF
young Mexicans among their col
ored friends, they have been drawn
into it until colored zoot suffers,
both in groups and singly, have
been attacked and given the GUS
tomary treatment of "depantsing'
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1943-06-19

or tearing off the peg-topped,
tight-cuffed leg adornment. Partly
naked, they, like the Mexicans,
have been left to get to cover the
best way they could. Also influence
ed by the Mexicans' procedure they
have started rowing in gangs,
watching for sailors in the Central
avenue Negro section. The town
now is almost in reign of terror,
with windows of street cars being
broken and shots fired into an in
terurban train and white police
man trapped and perhaps fatally
injured by MeXicans who ran him
down in a car.
The effect on Hollywood and Los
Angeles proper, concerns the movie
folk who have to travel to and from
the studios, the loss suffered by
business as sailors now restrained
by naval orders, cannot spend the
thousands of dollars they have
been doing in patronage of Los
Angeles and Hollywood stores, eat
ing places and night spots.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1943-06-19
Stormy
PetreI'
May Go
Think Others
Will Remain
On Roster

WASHINGTON - (ANP)
Current rumors anent the
FEPC heard around in the
capital have it that the pres
ent membership will be re-
tanned with the exception of
Earl Dickerson, the stormy
petrol of the old group. In
his place, it is reported, the
name of C. C. Spaulding OF
North Carolina, has been
proposed to the President
and is regarded as being
highly acceptable and in line
with the new policy to be
adopted by the committee.
The discussants of the problem
declare that Father Haas has
long record as counciliator In Ia
Dor disputes and that this will be
the general tone of the FEPC UNI
der his direction. The elimination
of Earl Dickerson therefore would
be necessary to continue along this
line, if the various stories floating
around the capitol may be relied
upon.
This leaves Boris Sniskin OF the
AFL, John Brophy of the CIO and
Webster of the Pullman Porters
as the nucleus of the new commit
tee. To these, three more members
will be named to complete the six
man committee. Chief interest has
been centered in the Negro men,
bers of the group and with the
that Mr.. Spaulding be
named as the second Negro in the
party, speculation is rife as to how
he group will function.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1943-06-19
Race Youth Followed
Mexicans Into Fray
By HARRY LEVETTE

LOS ANGELES ANP)-Long dreaded mob spirit
and street rong has at last gpped Los Angeles and is
growing intensity. Negro citizens are fearful that some
act directed towards done by notlng member OF telr
race will turn the whole tide into race riot between
coored and white although the trouble started between
white sailors and awless young MeNcans VINO speclahze
in the wearing of extreme SUITS The police depart
ment admits it is poweress to put stop to the violence
and all officers coored and white, 24-hour CALL
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1943-06-19
NATIVE SON
By RICHARD WRIGHT

20. K, Chief
$50 long"
I'll be seeing you, chief"
Bigger felt so empty and beaten
that he slid to the floor. He heard
the feet of the men walking away
softly. The door opened and shut
He was alone, profoundly inescap-
able. He rolled on the floor and
sobbed, wondering what it was
that had hold of him, why he was
here.
He lay on the cold floor sobbing;
but really he was standing up
strongly with contrite heart, hold
ing his life in his hands, staring
at it with wondering question. He
lay on the cold floor sobbing; but
really he was pushing forward
with his puny strength against a
world too big and too strong for
him. He lay on the floor sobbing;
but really he was cropping forward
with fierce zeal into a weller of
circumstances which he felt con-
tanned a water Of mercy for the
thirst of his heart and brain.
He Wept because he had once
again trusted his feelings and they
had betrayed him. Why should he
have felt the need to try to make
his feelings known? And why did
he hear resounding echoes of his
feelings in the hearts of others?
There were times when he did
hear echoes, but always they were
couched in tones which, living as
Negro, he could not answer or
accept without losing face with
the world which had first evoked in
him the song of manhood. He fear
ed and hated the preacher because
the preacher had told him to bow
down and ask for mercy he knew
he needed; but his pride would
never let him do that, not this
side of the grave, not while the
sun Shone. And Jan? And Max?
They were telling him to believe in
himself. Once before he had &C
copied completely what his life had
made him feel, even unto murder.
He had emptied the vessel which
life had filled for him and found
the emptying meaningless. Yet the
vessel was full again, waiting to
be poured out. But no! Not blind
ly this time! He felt that he could
not move again unless he swung
out from the base of his own
feelings; he felt that he would
have to have light in order to
act now.
Gradually, more from a iessening
OF strength than from peace of
soul, his sobs ceased and he lay
on his back, staring at the ceiling.
He had confessed and death loom
ed now for certain in a public
future. How could he 60 to his
death with white faces looking on
and saying that only death would
cure him for having flung into
their faces his feelings of being
black? How could death be victory
now?
He sighed, pulled up off the
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1943-06-19
Negroes involved As Foot Suit
Rioting Grips | os Angeles, Calf.

June g.
Twelve Negroes ambuShed IT.
year-old white high school student
the same night, asked him if he
was a ''zoot-Suiter" and when he
said no." the fight started.
The victim, Joe M. Stoddom, of
Watts, received five-inch cut on
his left forehead, requiring six
stitches at the Emergency Hospi-
tai.
Donald r. Mainhurst, white,
seaman, &c, was beaten and kick
ed by eight Negro youths in zoot
suits at Olympic Boulevard and
Central Avenue. He was alone
when attacked
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1943-06-19

O. N. CT love my husband
very much but every since we've
been together we've been having
terrible arguments. He has picked
up the habit of coming home after
hours and many times drinking.
When 1 speak to him about it, he
raises a big fuss and tells me to
get out. refuse to go because
love him. Sometimes he acts like
he hates me, then again he's so
nice. I want children and all
the things any good woman wants
but we don't seem to do anything
but fuss
Ans. Haven't you found out
already that you can't fuss your
way out of this predicament?
Change your tactics. Get
job and go to work so that you
will have something else to do
besides thinking about your
husbands faults. Save your
money. When you get enough
ahead to begin housekeeping,
move out so you and your
husband can get away from his
folks. Get your husband in
terested in saving for place
of your own and furniture, and
he may stop throwing away his
money. He loves you. but he's
so discouraged with the pro-
gress he's made since marriage.
Help him out of his rut.
P. F. C.-Before I left home to
enter service I became engaged to
a girl 1 had been going with.
thought I loved her but now I have
found out that it isn't love. I ask
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1943-06-19

floor and lay on the cot. half
awake, half asleep. The door OPEN
ed and four policemen came and
stood above him; one touched his
shoulder.
Come on, boy"
He rose and looked at them
questioningly.
You're going back to the in
quest"
They clicked the handouts upon
his wrists and led him into the
hall, to a waiting elevator. The
doors closed and he dropped down.
ward through space, standing be-
tween four tall, silent men in blue.
The elevator stopped; the doors
opened and he saw a restless crowd
of people and heard babble OF
voices. They led him through a
narrow aisle.
That sonofabitch!"
Gee, isn't he blackl"'
Kill 'im!'
and he slumped TO the floor The
faces and voices left him Pain
throbbed in his head and the right
side of his face numbed. He held
up an elbow to protect himself;
they yanked him back upon his
feet. When his sight cleared he
saw policemen struggling with
slender white man. Shouts rose
in a mighty roar. To the front
OF him white man pounded with
hammer-like piece Of wood upon
table.
"Quiet! Or the room'H be clear
ed of everybody except witnesses"
The clamor ceased. The police
men pushed Bigger into chair.
Stretching to the four walls of
the room was a solid sheet Of
white faces. Standing with squar-
ed shoulders all round were police
men with clubs in hand, silver
metal on their chests, faces red
and stern, grey and blue eyes
alert. To the right of the man at
the table, in rows of three each,
six men sat still and silent, their.
hats and oVercoatS on their knees.
Bigger looked about and saw the
pile of white bones laying atop
table; beside them lay the kid
nap note, held in place by bottle
of ink In the center of the table
were sheets of white paper fasten-
ed together by metal clasp; it
was his signed confession. And
there was Mr. Dalton, white faced,
| white-haired; and beside his was
Mrs. Dalton, still and straight, her
face, as always, tilted trustingly
upward, to one side. Then he saw
| the trunk into which he had stuff
/ ed Mary's body, the trunk which
he had logged down the stairs
and had carried to the station
And, yes, there was the blackened
Ratchet blade and a tiny round
piece of metal. Bigger felt a tap
on his shoulder and looked round;
Max was smiling at him.
Take it easy, Bigger. You won't
have to say anything here. 1t
won't be long"
The man at the front table
raped again.
rs there a member of the de-
ceased's family here, one who can
give, us the family history?"
A murmur swept the room. A
woman rose hurriedly and went to
the blind Mrs. Dalton, caught hold
of her arm, led her forward to a
seat to the extreme right of the
man at the table, facing the six
men in the rows of chairs. That
must be Mrs. Patterson, Bigger
thought, remembering the woman
Peggy had mentioned as Mrs. Dali
tons maid.
will you please raise your
right hand?"
Continued Next Week.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1943-06-19
| THEY ARE VERY BOLD"

!. THEY AXE VERY BOLD
Tt is the habit of those groups
of unrestrained youths to operate
only when the coast is clear and
there is no danger, the navy lads
say. "They are very bold when they
spy lone sailor on a dark street"
one declared.
New casualties and arrests
brought the five-day zoot suit war
fare toll to more than $50 injured
and more than 500 pachucos and
servicemer jailed Two soldiers
and Negro zoot suffer were taken
into custody after a riot at the
corner of Second and Spring Sts.,
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1943-06-19
by Able WALLACE SERVICE


will
andund standing I'D questions privately
nine prob
SCOTT NEWSPAPER SYNDICATE
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1943-06-19

The public schools Washington c. like those other
fuller participation in the effort Shown above
activities OF pupils the Nations capital At left pupils
fighter
class CENTER Phelps High
the
child training provided at the Margaret
Murray Washington Vocational School
shown at top right Bottom right Hmnaing
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1943-06-19

C. Pr bought out a lady's
Beauty Culture business here ir
town and planned to operate il
myself with help. I find that
can't get help and the business /.
more than can handle alone
What am I to do?
Ans: You bought a thriving
business but the lady who sold
it could not assure you that
you could get the help you
needed. If you can't get the
operators you need to handle
your customers you are going
to have to work by appoint
ments and do what you can.
Don't make the mistake of try
to do all the work yourself.
as that will necessitate your
remaining in the shop from
dawn until dusk. Do a DAVIS
work and call it quits, for
you're no superhuman. Other
shops turn the business away.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1943-06-19
HOTEL MACK

80 Gas Heated Rms. Hot Water D1y
ST. up. Reasonable W'kly Rates
We, 1921. Atlanta, Ga. Free P'kins
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1943-06-19

ed her to wait for me and She
agreed but I don't want her. What
am 1 to do as she is good girl
and I don't want to hurt her?
Ans: Be honest with the girl
and write her at once and adj
NIT your mistake. This can be
done in a tactfui manner but
it must be done. IL would be
a great injustice to the girl to
keep alive, a broken dream, for
she is bound to find out the
truth at some later date. If
you tell Ter now she will have
the opportunity to make other
friends and to find true love.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1943-06-19

preservation of foods important in the effort
Margaret Murray Washington Vocational banhng
carrots to loosen skin for removal At Armstrong
pupils taught to make ewy and other articles
discarded materials. The
From the Art Crafts Glass; The schools facilities
children adults also trained for industries The
at the right learning to operate lathe machine shop Phelps
Vocational
Evening star., 1943-05-29
Radio Operator Held
On Spying Charges
FBi Says Man Possessed
Convoy Schedule Data

By the Associated Press.
J. Edgar Hoover, director of the
Federal Bureau of Investigation, an
nounced last night that agents at
Savannah, Ga, had arrested John
Roy Horton, 50, Oklahoma City, on
a charge of violating the espionage
statutes by having in his possession
highly confidential information re-
lating to convoy schedules" and a
copy of secret naval code.
Mr.. Hoover said Hotton, q radio
operator, was arrested at his hotel
yesterday after leaving the S. S.
James Longstreet, which recently
docked at Savannah.
Mr.. Hoover said Horton had ad-
mitted to FBI agents that he took
the confidential material, but had
explained that he wanted it for per-
Sonal reasons.
In Savannah, Horton was ar
raigned before United States Com
missioner George H. Cargill and a
hearing was set for June l..
The Government charged Horton
with "unlawfully copying highly
confidential naval documents, books
and drawings"
Horton was telegraph operator
for railroads in Texas, Oklahoma
ard Kansas before 1921. He served
after that with the Oklahoma State
Highway Department and has been
a merchant marine radio operator
since 1925. His wife and daughter
live in Oklahoma City.
Evening star., 1943-05-29
H. A. Nelson, Emp|oye
OF u. 5. 36 Years, Dies
Former Superintendent
Of BeItsviIIe Center

Harry A. Nelson, SO, assistant di-
rector of the Agriculture Depart
ment's Office of Budget and Finance,
died last night at his home, 4631
Brandywine street NV.
Mr.. Nelson was at his office yes
terday and apparently was in good
health, his Office said.
Appointed a messenger in the de-
partment in 1906, Mr.. Nelson had
served there for almost 81 years,
and was considered an expert in
Government purchasing and flnan-
cial management.
Mr.. Nelson organized, and was at
one time head of the Office of plant
operation of the department, and
later was general superintendent of
the Beltsville (Md) Research Gen.
ter. In 1899 he was appointed to
his post in the budget and finance
Office.
Mr.. Nelson was president of the
Agriculture Employees Credit Union
and was member Of the board of
directors and a representative of the
Secretary of Agriculture in the Agri-
culture Employees Welfare Associa-
ton.
He also was active in local Ma
sonry, and was past master of
Lafayette Lodge No. 10.
Surviving Mr.. Nelson are his wild
ow. Mrs. Ethel D. Nelson, and a SIS
ter. Mrs. Samuel Williams of Chesa-
peake Beach, Md.
Evening star., 1943-05-29
Winners of Drills
At Linton Hall Listed

MANASSAS, Va, May 2o.-Win-
ners of competitive drills and awards
at the 18th annual military day
exercises held at the Linton Hall
Military School, Bristow. recently
have been announced as follows:
Company c, commanded by Capt.
Dante Marinari, Washington, award
ed gold trophy for best-drilled COM
pany; Capt Gabriel Porrata, Wash
lngton, awarded bronze medal for
most proficient company command
er; 1t. James Russell, Washington,
award for best platoon commander
and colored service ribbon for most
popular member of the battalion.
Individual competition winners:
First place, Sergt. w. Cleary; second
place. R. Rholeder; third place. D.
McClearen.
Evening star., 1943-05-29
AFL Miners Union
Claims Green Pledges
Il Will Continue
Leader Of Proeressives
Says UNIV Return Won't
Disturb Their Status
By the Associated Press,

SPRINGFIELD, ILL.,. May %. -
President Lloyd A. Thrush of the
Progressive Mine Workers of Amer
lea said yesterday that William
Green assured me that the PMWA
would continue as the international
mine union in the AFL."
Mr.. Thrush told neWsmen this on
returning here after conferring in
Washington with Mr.. Green, the
American Federation of Labor pres
ldent, regarding John L. Lewis ap-
pncatlon for readmission Of the
United Mine Workers of America
into the AFL."
Mr.. Green led me to believe that
II the UMWA rejoined the AFL the
UMWA members would become
members of the PMWA union" Mr..
Thrush said.
He assured me that the PMWA
would continue as the international
mine union in the AFL and that it
Will continue to be identified and
recognized as such.
L was told that the AFL has no
intention of discontinuing it's asso-
clation with the PMWA, and I take
That to mean that the Progressives
will remain as the only mine work.
ers' union in the AFL.''
Asked whether PMWA officials
would oppose UMWA re-entry, he
replied: I'VE will not fight UMWA
readmission If the AFL adheres to
our jurisdictional rights"
Evening star., 1943-05-29
Wheeler Says Russia
Has Yet 10 Disclose
Intentions in Pacific
Senator Also Holds Soviet
Has Failed to Renounce
ImperioIistic Aims
By the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
CHICAGO, May Ex-senator
Wheeler. Democrat, OF Montana as
serted last night that Russia has
yet to show a clear-cut determina-
ton that she is on our side in the
Pacific war" or to "renounce her i'm
perialistlc designs after the war"
Then he added:
Until we have firm assurances on
both these points it would appear
wise for America to proceed pri-
marily with an offensive against ia
pan, and only secondarily with the
Allied invasion of Europe, pending
defeat of Japan"
Tells Of Russian Demands"
The Senator expressed his views
in a speech prepared for delivery be-
fore the University of Michigan
Club of Chicago. He said that if
Russia were to grant the United
States bases from which to bomb
Japan, that enemy might be knocked
out of the war quickly, permitting
"the whole energies of the United
Nations" to be directed against Hit
Ter.
Senator Wheeler said that usually
reliable sources" report that Rus
sia's postwar demands will be a
large share of Poland, the Baltic
states of Estonia, Latvia and Lith-
uania and a substantial part of the
Balkans.
+. Declaring that Russia also de-
mands political and economic inf1u-
ence in Norway. Sweden and Fin
land and control of the Bosphorus
Senator Wheeler added:
Nor would there seem to be any,
thing to stop Mr.. Stain from at
tanning these objectives if we persist
in the strategy of neglecting the
whole Asiatic area. This policy will
leave us with a greatly strengthened
Japan to deal with following the
end of the war in Europe"
Asks Econmic Union.
While acknowledging that 'it is
impossible now to visualize the con-
ditions which will exist at the final
termination of the war" the Mon
tanan observed that because of
America S vast Importance as a world
power, economically and politically,
there can be no world economic sta
blllty without American co-opera-
ton to help bring it about and sus-
tain it,
But this need not and should not
involve military Or other entangling
alliances he added.
He proposed creation of "an eco
nomic United States of Europe" as
"the best avenue of world peace"
There are more than 10 conven-
lent branch Offices for Star Want
Ads located throughout the CITY.
Evening star., 1943-05-29
Strict Military Censorship
Established by Portugal

BY the Associated Press.
LISBON, May ga government
decree yesterday established rigor-
Gus military censorship, effective
next Tuesday, for all communica-
tions-mail, cable, wireless and tele-
phone-between Portugal and the
Azores and Madeira and from the
Azores and Madeira to colonies or
foreign countries.
The special military censorship
will be installed by the Ministry of
War in Lisbon and delegations on
the islands of the Azores and Ma
deira.
Persons will be warned not to
write about military matters or
government decisions and not to
criticize government or military or
ders and measures taken in the is
lands concerning them.
No pictures, newspapers, clip
pings nor anything which may be
considered as information can be
mailed from the Azores or Madeira,
nor from Portugal to these archi-
pelagos.
Evening star., 1943-05-29
Anacosfia Association
Votes 10 Incorporate

The Anacostia Citizens Associa-
ton last night voted to file a peti-
ton for the incorporation of the as
sociation and appropriated the funds
necessary for the procedure. John
J. Watson, president, urged the
move.
James A. Baldwin spoke on the
possibility of erecting hospital in
the community and volunteered his
services as an architect to advance
the campaign. He advised the asso-
citation to enlist the interest of the
United States Public Health Serv-
ice.
Seven members of the Anacostia
Rescue Squad, headed by 1t. George
D. Weitzel, were accepted as associa-
ton members.
Mr.. Watson proposed a petition to
Congress asking that law be enact
ed making it a felony for any civil
ian to possess firearms without
registration and official approval of
the Federal Bureau of Investigation
The blackout terminated the meet
ing, held in Anacostia High School,
before a vote was taken.
Evening star., 1943-05-29

Fla. He was manager of baseball
during first class year. To Air
Force.
Lindsey NJ. Sylvester, son of Mai.
Gen. and Mrs. L. Med. Sylvester of
1904 Thirty-seventh street NV. To
Air Force.
Richard C. Snyder. son of Brig.
Gen. and Mrs. Howard McC.
Snyder of 21ol Connecticut ave-
nue. NV. To Air Force.
Gordon H. Steele, lr., son of
Col. and Mrs. Gordon H. Steele of
Knollwood Field, N. C. To Air
Force.
Lawrence E. Swank, son of Mr..
and Mrs. Walter R. Swank Of l4O0
Fairmont street NV. He won
minor "A's" in soccer and tennis
His academic rating while here was
excellent, and he will graduate ap-