davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-10-18
MOPSY

up his mind. He had worked out a
plan.
Evening star., 1943-10-18

the rails shall 60 and how they
can get around or sover hills and
mountains and across rivers is also
called an engineer. In fact, there
are many kinds of engineers besides
those who run engines. and the
business of most of them is to plan
how to, do difficult things and then
to do them. They are men who
overcome difficulties which to other
people seem impossible to overcome
They are men who. when one wav
fails, find some other way that will
not fail, and they succeed because
of knowledge, special knowledge.
Now, who ever would think of Old
Mr.. Toad as an engineer? But he
Is. OF course, he isn't the kind who
makes an engine go. Oh, my. no! OF
course not! But the very fact that
he was sitting in that little hole
halfway up the side of the deep pit
in Farmer Browns garden proves
that he Is an engineer. There were
straight walls of sand that even
Happy Jack Squirrel couldn't have
>A'AiA@NN w save iiAS lilS liie, because
the sand would have given way
under his claws, and yet Old Mr..
Toad was halfway to the top. and
from what he said to Peter Ra abbit it
was very clear that he expected to
get out OF that pit, and to do it him
self. He asked no help from any
one.
Supposing you were to find YOUR
self in the bottom of a great pit
with perfectly straight walls so
times as high as your height. what
would you do? I am sure that I
would just give up in despair. You
see. I am not an engineer. Even
If I had things to work with I
wouldn't know how to 60 about it.
I am afraid I would simply give up
in despair.
But Old Mr.. Toad, when he found
himself in the bottom of that pit
In Farmer Browns garden didn't
give up in despair No. indeed!
When Peter Rabbit left to go look
for help Old Mr.. Toad began to
investigate. To investigate is to look
all about and examine everything.
1t didn't take Old Mr.. Toad long to
find out just how things were and
what heap Of trouble he had
tumbled into. He hoped all the
Evening star., 1943-10-18

OF South's line of play as compared
with the habitual trump drawers.
Saturday You were Theodore
Lightner's partner and. with both
sides vulnerable and your side so
on score, you held:
A63
3.1O9865
H8742
%J6
The bidding:
Jacoby Lightners Schenken You
Pass "a Pass 2NT
Pass 5A Pass 90
AnsWer-PaSS. Your partner OBJ
vlously has II sure tricks with spades
as trumps, but you cannot add a
single trick to them. Probably your
partner needs a high card in the
trump suit for slam because if he
had a tWo-Suiter he would have
shown the second suit on the way up.
Score 100 per cent for pass,
Question No. l.518.
Today you are Howard Soflenken's s
partner and, with both sides vul-
nerable, you hold:
AA83
"a
n~QJlO32
+AQ92
Schenken Jacoby You Lightner
- Pass 10 Pass
~ Pass CD .
What do you bid? (Answer to-
morrow
Evening star., 1943-10-18
Bedtime Stories
BY THORTON w. BURGESS

OF course. you know that there
are different kinds of engineers
The man who drives the engine
that draws train of cars is an
engineer. Of course. Everybody
knows that. But the man who plans
a railroad and decides Just where
Evening star., 1943-10-18
Winning Contract
End Play in Trumps
B, THE FOUR ACES.


When the average bridge "duffer"
becomes declarer at a suit contract
the thought uppermost in his mind
is that he must draw trumps; other
wise the opponents will ruff some
thing. Here is hand from a du-
plicate game in which the trump
extractors" Jared poorly.
West dealer.
Both sides vulnerable.
AAJ4
0QJ3
HJ76
AAJ54
Ae3 AQlO85
AXIS w 1887
Q105 H432
AKl072 AQ86
AK762
0l0642
nK98
&93
The bidding:
West North East South
10 Dbl. Pass IA
Pass Pass Pass
OF course. not every South player
obtained the contract at one spade,
but when this occurred West in
variably opened the heart king. Re-
ceiving what looked like an en-
couraging card. West would con-
tinue hearts, with dummy winning
the third round. Now, if South
attempted to draw trumps he would
find himself down at least one trick.
One willy declarer played low
club from dummy, West winning
with the 10. A club return was
won with dummys ace and a low
club trumped by South.
Next South led a diamond. West
won with the queen, cashed his ace,
then played his club. On this East
discarded his remaining diamand,
but South got in another low
trump. The diamond king was
trumped by East, but he then found
himself with only three cards, the
Q-10-8 of spades. And, since East
was on lead. he had to play right
into dummy's Al tenace.
1t is true that two trump leads
by West would have defeated the
contract, but note the superiority
Evening star., 1943-10-18

on 1ME AIR TODAY.
Star Flashes: Latest news, WMAL II $50
an. daily.
WH. 8;00-cavsIesde Of America: Jane Dar
we'll in The General VINO Wore Calico
W1oP. 800-Vox Pop: The 0ustermsaeY
Of Camp Ise, Va.
Evening star., 1943-10-18
(Released by the Bell Syndicate Inc

The Four Aces will be pleased to an
t3-cenD, self-addresSed envelope is in
closed with each communicati ton ad-
1ressed TO the -Four Aces. care of The
evening Star; II you desire the pocket
contract bridge, send with your request
to the Four Aces, care of The Evening
star a stamped t3-cent. self addre ssed
an outline without any charge
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-05-16

THE little fellow-weu call him Johnny-was trouble
at the Liberty School just didn't suit him.
Johnny pulled
Times photographer. Everything K.
Johnny OF Of who brought the
wholesome routine oittmes more rigid than they would undergo home
Liberty School
WPA Highland Park A
other
mothers become OF PEARL
Johnnyand his feowJohnnes age
5get meals day. including milk
this the mothers a
The operation day.
the
husband worked night and their
child
needs sleep said the nursery administrators and the child added
daddy could his
That
to those whose were working.
Evening star., 1943-12-01
laps Thought Betio Capture
Mould Cost 100000 Lives

Gen. Smith and his chief OF staff
Col. Edison, are famed throughout
the Marine Corps as exponents OF
the theory-regarded in some mill
tary circles as outmoded-that sol.
diers should be trained as individual
marksmen.. Gen. Smith and Col
Edison are champion pistol and rife
shots and both have commanded
the Marine Corps rifle team.
Expert Troops and Leaders.
The generals conviction that hi
men killed Japs as they waded
ashore from their landing craft, by
firing accurately through the tiny
apertures Of the beach pillboxes
seems unassailable. If mary Japs
had not been killed in this fashion
our casualties in winning these
beachheads certainly would have
been tar higher than they were.
Had these marines been anything
less than superb troops under super
lative leaders We would not be or
Tarawa today at all. I already have
reported the opinion of many of our
leaders that determined jap
counterattack that first night would
have wiped out our shallow beach
positions. That counterattack never
came and it was the Americans in
stead who attacked anew from their
precarious beachheads before dawn
the next morning.
Gen. Smith today shed further
light on that amazing feat. One OF
his aides told me that the general
is a great admircr Of Ulysses S
Grant and an avid student Of Civil
War history and Grant biographies
Yes he said, when I asked him
about it, that's true. And you
know that all during that first
night, while Dave Shoup was pinned
down there on the beach, with his
command post set up in one END
OF a little log blockhouse that still
had l6 live Japs in the other end
l kept thinking of what Grant saio
to Billy Sherman at shiloh. Re-
member?
L can't give you the exact words
but the gist of it was this: Billy,
Grant said. during every hard
fought battle, there comes a time
when both sides are Just about
whipped to a frazzle and when the
slightest pressure either way viii
decide the issue. In that situation
the fellow who wins is alWa-s thc
chap who can rally his forces first
and attack again before the othe.
fellow does, and Billy, the man
VINO attacks before I do will hav1
TO get up damned early in the
morning"
tCopyvisht, 1943, by Chicago Daily New
Evening star., 1943-12-01
By b. J. McOUAID.
War Correspondent Of The Star and chiea

War Correspondent OF The Star and Chicago
Daily News.
TARAWA, Nov: "a (Delayed) -
japanese leaders on Betio told ma
tives that 1t would cost the Ameri-
cans 100000 lives to capture the
atoll.
1t is certain that. the Japs based
in the Gilberts expected to take a
terrific toll and the Jap high COM
mand probably would be bitterly
astonished and disappointed to learn
the exact figures.
This should be remembered in
reading the stories Of the capture of
Tarawa, much Of which emphasized
the heavy loss Of American lives.
| We did not, Of course, employ any
thing remotely like 100000 troops in
the entire Gilberts operations. Losses
here appear shocking because they
piled up in short period OF time
on very small piece of land.
In jungle warfare such as we have
been fighting in the Central Solo,
mons. dense vegetation shields the
most hideous scars of battle. But on
Betio there were only few palms
to begin with and most of these
were shot away by bombardment.
Exact Figures Withheld.
Exact casualty figures cannot yet
be published because the Japs might
gauge the precise degree of effec-
tiveness of their defense installa- =
tions and our casualties in future
operations might be increased.
But it can be said without jeo-
pardiZing our cause that more lives
have been lost in this Pacific war
in the sinking of single American
warship than were lost in this con-
quest of Tarava.
certainly do not wish to mini
mize a scene of death and devasta-
ton. but 1t would be easy to over
emphasize this aspect of the opera
ton and thereby. perhaps, to weaken
public confidence in the leadership
Of men like Maj. Gen. Julian Smith
and Col. Merritt A. Edison and Col
Dave Shoup, the young Indianan
who was commander of troops
ashore during the terrible first night
of our occupation.
Every correspondent who knows
these men and who knows the Tara
wa stcry, believes they are arlors
the fir"st n7N'-ary leaders we ha"e
better than'9Hy jap commander ard
the equal of any Allied leader.
Hands Clutched Rifles.
Lock at the attitudes of those
bodies" said Gen. Smith, gesturing
to where the corpses of his End Divi-
sion Marines were being jostled by
the gentle tide against the coral re-
tanning wall of Betio beach.
Notice that each one seems to
have been shooting at something
when he was killed Before the tides
came in, it was even more noticeable
They were all lying there, faces
down. heads pointed straight at the
beach defenses, hands still clutching
their rifles.
Il am sure that practically every
one of those men killed at least one
Jap before he died. That's what
they were trained to do Every man
in this division is crack shot
About 40 per cent of them were vet
Grams Of the fighting in the Solo
mons. but the newcomers had been
drilled until they we're as good shots
as the others.
Here is where that training paid
of. If those men had not killed
Japs before they died, their buddie.
would never have gotten on thi.
| beach at all"
Evening star., 1943-12-01
The Great Game Of Politics.

by the extraordinary statement OF
Senator Butler Of Nebraska of the
shocking pouring of American funds
INTO Central and South America In
The effort to create good will"
Despite the denial of Vice Presi-
dent Wallace twho is not disin-
terested witness) and some question
as to Mr.. Buffers figures, there
GEMS slight doubt of the truthful
ness of his story as a whole; nor
that, in the main. it reflects the
feeling of American diplomats in
South America who know the facts
and are in position to judge the eff :
iect. There certainly Is some ground
for asserting that we have poured
an unprecedented amount of money
into these countries, that a great
deal OF 1t has been wasted and that
the results, Mr.. Wallace notwith-
standing; have been negligible.
Growing Distaste.
Add all these things together, plus
the symptoms noted in the 1912 and
ls43 elections of growing distaste
for the New Deal generally, and the
situation in Congress Is easy to un-
derstand. The effort to blame it on
the Republicans just does not hold
water IN view of the House vote, for
example, on the bill to ban subsidies
urged by the President. On that
issue 78 more Democrats voted
against the President than voted
with him. Congress, 1t is true, is
not displaying either great intelli-
gence or breadth of view, but with
out White House leadership, that is
too much to expect.
1t would be fine if it could be
done, but under our system and with
this kind of administration, it Just
is not one of the practical possibili-
ties. The plain truth is that at the
moment the Presidents recon-
mendations carry little weight in. a
Congress which he should tn o. =
control. To some extent, this is due
to the feeling that Mr.. Roosevelt Is
bored with domestic problems and
so far as he can has delegated them
to his aides.
Altogether, it is a bad state of
affairs. Our system Of government
can be reduced to almost complete
futility when the President and Con-
greSs are at odds. 1t does not func-
ton; it just bogs down, and it is not
surprising that thoughtful men are
disturbed over the prospect.
Evening star., 1943-12-01
New Warden Takes Over
AT Folsom Penitentiary
~ the Associated Press.

~ the Associated Press.
FOLSOM PRISON, Calf, Dec.
l.-Investigation of Folsom Prison
by State Prison Board members and
. committee appointed by Gov. War
rem continued today and Acting
Warden James Adam took COM
plete control Of the institution.
Clyde I, Plummer, suspended war
den, withdrew after refusing for
two days to recognize the suspen-
sion order.
Mr.. Plummer's withdrawal from
the scene was announced last night
at the conclusion Of first hearings
by the investigators.
Judge Isaac Pacht called news
men and announced, Mr.. Plum
mer realizes suspension is Just
what it implies. He has made him.
self available to Mr.. Adam"
Mr.. Plummer had previously dis
cussed the prison record Of Lloyd
Sampsell, storm center Of the pres
ent investigation who touched of
the warden's Suspension. Sampsell
was apprehended last Friday visit
ing woman friend in San Fran
cisco-while he was supposed to
be confined to a prison camp.
Sampsell said 1t was his fourth
visit.
Evening star., 1943-12-01


ton abolished every vestige of
the independence Of the various
states Of Germany. All the self
administering bodies were abol-
1shed and replaced by represent
atives of the Berlin government.
This is true of state governments,
provincial governments, county
governments, and even munich
palities. They are all ruled by
"Statthalters" and "Gauleiters."
The system has initiated the
military hierarchy. Nothing
comes from the bottom; every
thing from the top.
This GENERALIZATION has become
increasingly rigid. In the begin
ming every local Gauleiter had a
certain freedom of decision.
There was only a general outline
of policy TO pe followed by all.
Responsibility SheIved.
But as the Third Reich evolved
it began to suffer from the curse
that afflicts all totalitarian states.
In country which had abolished
normal law, in which there were
no independent courts or other
instances through which an in
ferior could appeal against a
superior, and in which concen-
tration camps had ever-open
doors, every local leader wished
to discharge himself of ultimate
responsibility. No one wished to
make even minor decisions on his
own, because the possible conse-
quences of error were too drastic.
The result was that everything
eventually was referred to the
central government.
Germany is traditionally
bureaucratic state The pre-
Hitler capital was an immense
congeries of ministries. After
Hitler these expanded with
muShroom-l like growth. Not only
were old ministries enlarged but
innumerable new institutions
were created. The police system
was doubled. There were the old
police-the "Schupo"-and the
Gestapo.
The well-known terror of the
Gestapo is a bureaucratic ter
ror. 1t is based on files. It cam
not work if the files are de-
stroyed.
Party Is Centralized.
The same is true of the Nazi
party. Its real headquarters are
also in Berlin, it, too, is COM
pletely authoritarian and CEN
tralized, and its organization
throughout the country paral-
lels that of the government. 1t
is government to watch the
government.
Not only is the whole political
life centralized in Berlin, but so
Evening star., 1943-12-01

IL the economic life. The Nazi
economic system does not merely
do overall planning, but every
factory has to apply to a central
instance in Berlin for every raw
material, all manpower, and for
everything necessary to produc-
ton, and in detail. German eco
nomic life is organized as one
great corporation, with a super
management in Berlin. It, too,
Is completely bureaucratized.
Everything is run by meticulous
bookkeeping.
The despotism over political
life is exercised over economic
life, with the same results: No
body wishes to make decisions on
his own. 1t is too dangerous.
Berlin Is Industrial Center.
Unlike Washington, Berlin is
also great industrial center and
the hub OF the nations railways.
OF Its population OF $500, 900
more than so per cent are work.
ers-a fact which reveals its in
dustrial Importance.
1t is also the center OF the
scientific brains of Germany.
The most important war research
in the field Of pure science is be-
ing worked out in the famous
Kaiser Wilhelm Institute, in the
suburb Of Dahlem, and in the
research laboratories OF such
great enterprises as "Siemen-
stadt," the center OF the German
electrical industry, which has
been bombed.
In most countries, II the center
Is annihilated, there still remains
vast initiative in other hands
in local governments, in indus
tries, in trade unions and in the
people themselves, and the free
instruments Of public opinion
through which they can be mo-
bilized. But in the Third
Reich Hitler truthfully can say,
"L'Etat c'est moi" and Berlin
can echo that claim: Germany
and even Europe-is Berlin.
Big Problem Faces Nazis.
Leaving out of account the psy-
Geological consequences of such
blow at the center of the Third
Reich and New Order, the prac-
tical consequences must be ter
rife.
The Nazi leadership must be
concentrating all its thought on
one thing - how to establish
somewhere new nerve center.
All the other issues Of the war.
important as they are, must be-
come secondary. Goebbels even
admitted it when he said, I'VE
are now concerned with the burn
ing problem of Berlin"
The bombing must have
achieved what we previously
thought only 4 revolt could
achieve-namely a chaotic situa-
ton. The first move of revolu-
tionists is to destroy files and
records. Our airmen have done
1t for them, to a considerable
degree.
What Germany needs is a
pause. If we do not give it, events
may move faster than we expect.
For today, from Breslau to Co.
logne. from Kiel to Munich. and
from Paris to Belgrade. the effect
Of the disintegration at the CEN
ter must be felt.
In a prize fight II the brain is
reeling, the muscles may be as
strong as ever, but they do not
function.
fn.i.. s>d k~ ~. n>u m~S,.... y~.N
Evening star., 1943-12-01
Man Charges Neiehbors
With Annoying Tactics
BY the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
EOLLYWOOD.-C. ]. Griffith, re-
tired oil man, has filed suit against
neighbors, Mr.. and Mrs. Herbert
Northridge, in fashionable Holly
wood Hills, because, he alleges:
They festooned lines Of tin cans
on strings for the purpose Of an
noying him with their clatter, tram
Piled his flower beds, smeared paint
on windows and finally discouraged
, . prospective purchaser for the Grit
nm home. He asks $4,000 damages.
Evening star., 1943-12-01
Red Cross Supplies SEM
To Chino From India
BY the Associated Press.

BY he Associated Press.
NEW YORK, Dec Fifteen
trainloads of medical supplies we're
shipped from India to China by the
American Red Cross in October. the
Chunekine radio said yesterday in
a broadcast to North America quot
ing a report submitted by the
Chunekins American Red Gross
Office to its headquarters in WASH
meton.
The shipment included 1000 cases
of supplies containing more than 100
urgently needed medical and surgical
items, the Chungking radio said.
The broadcast. recorded by United
States Government monitors. did
not specify the mode of transporta-
ton, but presumably the supplies
were air-borne.
Evening star., 1943-12-01

too important to
be ign or e d .
From various
quarters recent
ly the fact has
been pointed out
and. of course,
interpreted in
various ways.
T ere re,
naturally, widely
separated views.
B Y t he N e W
Dealers, fourth
termers and Ger
I, ain w hi I q
Evening star., 1943-12-01


bright. The job ahead is bigger
than officials like to admit There
is still timidity here about letting
the people know the horrors Of war
There will in time be a change. The
fighting. for instance, in Bougain-
vile and in the Gilbert Islands has
been bloody and costly. The big
invasion of the European continent
may prove even more expensive in
human life to our side.
Sorrows Borne in Quiet.
AS the casualty lists come in and
the notifications 60 out to the un-
happy families where losses are
sustained, the news brings a tragic
end for many people whose hopes
for their sons have been suddenly
dashed to nothing. Because these
sorrows are borne in quiet, the rest
of the populace know little about
them. In fact. with all the news
that has come from overseas
through the dramatically written
dispatches of the heroic corre-
spondents at the front, there is
still an inadequate picture on this
side of the tremendous sacrifices
that are being made by American
boys abroad.
The complaints on the home front
are sometimes justified because Of
stupidity or arrogance in Govern
ment bureaus but, allowing for
these mistakes and for the incom-
petence which creeps in to any big
task in wartime, it still Is doubtful
whether the war has been brought
home to the American people-that
is, whether they have the faintest
idea of how insignificant are their
troubles as compared to what the
boys at the front are suffering in
the fight for those who remain
ut home.
Poem Worth Reading.
There comes to hand today a
poem recently published by the
Chestnut Street Association in
Philadelphia. 1t is worth reading
and posting everywhere. The au-
thor is unknown, but he is one OF
the boys now overseas. He writes:
so you're sick OF the way the country
is run
And you're sick of the way rstionins is
And you're sick of standing around in line
You're sick. you say-weL. that's Just fne
Yes I'm sick of the sun and the heat
And Tn sick of the mud and the jungle
And I'm sick Of the stencil when the night
Ana Ana I'm sss sss Of 2 he oans Tasn Of h
And I'm iSi sick Of the sound of tn. bomber's
And I'm sick Of seeing the dead alive
And I'm sick Of the roar and noise. aud din
And I'm sick of the taste of food from a
And Tn sick of slaushter-1m sick to my
And I'm sick Of blood and death and smell
And I'm even sick OF myself as we'll
But I'm sicker still Of a tyrants rule,
And conquered lands where the wild beasts
And I'm cured damn quick, when I think
of the day,
When ali this He'll will be out Of the way
When none OF this mess will have beer
in vain
And the lights OF the world will blaze
again.
And things will be as they were before.
And KIDS will laugh in the streets once
more,
And the Axis flag will be dipped and
furied
And God looks down on q peaceful world
Evening star., 1943-12-01
Reno Hits Divorce Peck

RENO, New, Dec. (P).-Reno's
l943 wartime divorce business al
ready has topped by 55s any pre-
vious full years record, according
to County Clerk Elwood Beemer
The 11-month total was 5.297. The
previous peak was in 1881.
Evening star., 1943-12-01

is being dis
counted already,
and many peo-
pie who thought
Germany would
collapse by
Christmas are
saying now that
perhaps just
after the first of
the year the end
will come.
But this is q
strange veneer.
The inside situa-
H..
Evening star., 1943-12-01

ton Of the
Russian, it is
the most CEN
tralized on
earth. Berlin
Is the nerve
C e n t er, no
only of the
g e r m a n
r e ich, but
also of Hit
ler' S N e W
Ord er of
Europe.
The N a ri