davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-05-31
Successful Public Speaking-The

Successful Public Speaking
subject should be full of interest to
every one. for leadership is almost
impossible to those who lack the
ability to express themselves ade-
quately through speech. You may
not develop into an outstanding
orator, but you can learn to put your
ideas across in a manner pleasing to
your listeners. This booklet is to
help those who lack self-confidence.
How to plan and deliver speeches,
how to improve your voice. how to
overcome stage fright and hold an
audience. To secure your copy of
this publication inclose 10 cents in
coin wrapped in this clipping and
mail to The Star Information Bureau.
Name
Address
Evening star., 1943-05-31

Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address of
the uriter, although the use of
a pseudonyn1 for publication is
permissible. The Star reserves
the right to edit all letters Nth
a DieW to condensation.
Evening star., 1943-05-31

Q, How many words are there in the
Encyclopedia Britannica?-E L. H.
A. Thirty-two million words approx
mately.
@. Has Dean Dixon ever conducted the
New York Philharmonic Orchestral
E. A.
A. He made his debut as conductor Of
the New York Philharmonic Symphony
Orchestra at the Lewisohn Stadium in
August, 194l, the first Negro to conduct
that famous organiza ton.
Q. How long should lunch period
be?-T. E. NJ
A. Tilis depends upon the type of work
and the conditions under which it is done.
Various surveys have shown that pro-
vision should be made for minimum
of IS minutes for the actual consumption
of food and an additional IS minutes for
preparation, going to and from the
lunchroom, and the like.
@. When was the l00-mile furrow
ploughed in Iowa. and by whom?-
B. L. D.
A. In 1889 by Lyman Dillon. With OK
teams he ploughed single road-mark-
ing furrow from the newly established
territorial capital at Iowa City to
Dubuque, distance of nearly a hum
dred miles.
@. Where did Lincoln write his Get
tysburg Address?-D. E. R.
To- -
five copies of the Gettysburg Address in
Lincoln's own handwriting, and another
copy printed in the official report from
manuscript furnished by him, there is
much uncertainty as to the place and
method of its preparation and the man.
ner of delivery.
@. How large was the fortune of the
late John Pierpont Morgan?-B. EL.
! A. Mr.. Morgans personal fortune was
estimated at 500 million dollars at one
time, but later was reduced by large
gifts to charity and a division of assets
among his children
Q. Who is the author of the saving
that there is special Providence for the
United States of America ?-D. r.
A. Prince Bismarck, the great Ger
man chancellor, is said to have remarked
just before his death that there was a
special Providence for drunkards, fools
and the United States of America.
O. Has any one ever duplicated Ben
jamin Franklin's famous kite expert
ment.-R. r. Y.
A. Only one other man Is known to
have made an attempt to repeat tho
experiment., Russian scientist, now de-
ceased
Evening star., 1943-05-31

@. Has any one ever duplicated Ben
Jamin Franklin's famous kite expert
ment.-R. r. Y.
A. Only one other man Is known to
have made an attempt to repeat the
experiment., Russian scientist, now de-
ceased.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1943-09-03
"COPPER" CAMP"
May BE MADE
into MOVIE

Negotiations are under way by a
film company to secure the moving
picture rights to Copper Camp" one
of the books written by the WPA
Writer'S Project in Montana, this
particular volume being written on
the history of Butte.
The book was sponsored by the
Department of Agriculture which now
holds the copyright The publishing
company which has an interest in the
book as publishers is Hastings House
of New York City
Dealings by the film company have
been with the publisher, and Commits
sioner of Agriculture Albert H. Kruse
has received a contract form which
would divide the receipts for the
movie rights, half to the publisher
and half to the Department of Agri-
culture after deduction of 1919 for
agents fees
Mr. Kruse has not as yet signed the
contract as he feels that the Depart
ment as owners of the copyright and
proprietor of the book, is entitled to
a larger percentage of the receipts
for the movie rights than is proposed
in the contract.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1943-09-03
STATEMENT BY
DIRECTOR lands
FOR LABOR DAY

! While the home front of the Axis
in Europe has been greatly weakened
by the terrible blows delivered by
Allied bombers, our own home front
has grown stronger A great part OF
that increased strength in our wal
industry centers must be credited to
organized American labor, whose 13
millions of members have not only
put their whole energy, skill and zeal
into their primary war jobs, but also
into the volunteer programs of the
Office of Civilian Defense.
Calling the roll on this Labor Day
in 1913, | find that enrolled under
the nations $4,000 local Defense Coun-
ellis these union men and women are
serving in the protective services as
air raid wardens, auxiliary firemen
and policemen, on rescue, demolition,
and repair crews, and in the plant
protection organizations of vital war
plants. On the civilian war services
side of OCD, trade unionists are work
ing with their local Defense Councils
" OfCi VI
shortages, overburdened transporta-
ton, child care and recreation needs,
rationing, price control, and the re-
cruitment of labor supply, either full
time for factories or part time for
farm harvests
The cities and towns which have
launched the most successful attacks
upon their wartime problems have
been those which gave to organized
labor useful place in the top coun-
ellis of their defense organizations.
The determination to achieve nation
wide labor representation in local
Defense Councils is a basic policy of
he U. S. Office of Civilian Defense |
am glad to be able to say that graft |
ying progress has been made in that |
Continued on Page Fourl
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1943-09-03

ing it impossible for proper ventila-
ton.
7. Funds appropriated by the 28th
session of the legislature will not per-
NIT the employment of qualified per-
sonnet to adequately supervise the
efficient operation and maintenance
of the institution, or furnish food
compatible with decency and health,
now, therefore, be it
RESOLVED, that we in convention
assembled direct the executive presi-
dent and executive board to exert
every effort necessary to eliminate
the deplorable conditions now existing
at our State Hospital at Warm
Springs because of the short-sighted-
ness or complete Indifference of the
2Sth legislative session in their fail
ure to provide the necessary funds
to provide even a minimum of food
for these unfortunates who are COM
mitted to our state hospital, and be
it further.
RESOLVED, that all publicity pos
sible be given to the failure of the
2Sth legislative session and previous
sessions to appropriate sufficient
funds to operate and maintain our
State Hospital at Warm Springs, and
be it further
RESOLVED, that attention of the
next session of the legislature be di-
rected to the possible increase in de-
mands for disqualification of some of
those returning from the armed serv-
ices, whose minds and bodies have
been wrecked in defense of their coun-
try, and be it further
RESOLVED, that the executive
president of the Montana State Fed
GRAFTON of Labor be requested to as
certain the feasibility of the appoint
ment of State Institutions Commit
tee, made up of the Board of Examin-
ers and from appointed members, to
consist of one member of organized
labor one member of the Farmers
Union, one from business and one to
represent the general public, whose
duty would be to meet periodically
with the heads of the various institu-
lions for the purpose of acquainting
themselves and the public with the
problems and administra-
ion of the state institutions.
Respectfully submitted,
SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON
WARM SPRINGS.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1943-09-03
IA RECALL
ELECTION Law
Demanded

The Montana Federation of Labo
| in its convention held in Anaconda
last week went on record for recall
election law, charging its executiv,
officers with the duty of preparing
bills for constitutional amendment.
providing for it,
The resolution as adopted by the
convention follows:
Resolution No. III
To the officers and delegates OF
the 10th annual convention of the
Montana State Federation of Labor
assembled at Anaconda, Montana,
August II to 20, 1913:
WHEREAS, The constitution of the
state of Montana has no provisions
for the recall of any elected official,
nor are there provisions for the recall
of members of the judiciary, and
WHEREAS, The only method pre-
scribed by the constitution is that of
by the state legislature.
which in most cases is a cumbersome
procedure and seldom used, and
w illIiNI<fhDs III SOOu Iuduy III
stances state legislatures are con-
trolled by power other than the peo-
pie of the state, and their activities
may be merely the fulfillment of the
wishes of their masters, and
WHEREAS, The recall is a very
effective method to rid the state or
The courts of undesirable officials or
Judges, therefore be it
RESOLVED, That this convention
instruct the president and the execu-
i've board of the Montana State Fed
'ration of Labor to draft proper bills
or constitutional amendments provid-
ng for the recall election for state
and members of the judi
.iary, and that said bills be presented
o the next session of the state legis-
allure, and that no effort be spared
n the attempt to secure the passage
+ these bills.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1943-09-03
INDEPENDENT OIL MEN
WANT A BETTER BREAK

protested against the raising of the
price of crude OIL
Speaking as an independent oil man
who has been % years in the game,
wish to present my viewpoint on this
| particular matter. 1t is very evident
to me that these representatives of
the various labor organizations do not
understand the true situation and
while it is fact, as they point out,
that IS major oil companies net earn
ings rose 1870 over the corresponding
period in 1912, this was due to in
creased turnover and demand, but
these organizations gave no consider
alton to the thousands of independent
oil producers who derived no revenue
except the price of crude oil while
these major companies make their
profit not from low-priced crude oil
but from the sale of refined products.
Let me suggest at this point that
there is no more relationship between
a barrel of crude oil and a gallon of
gasoline than there is between BUSH
ell of wheat and a loaf of bread. We,
as producers, must take the price Of
fered by the major corporations and
they sell their products for all the
traffic will bear. My contention is
that the price of crude oil should be
raised to keep these Independents in
business, while the price of all refined
products should and could be held at
their present level so that the con-
Stunning public would suffer no eco
nomic inconvenience. The majors
would only lose on that portion of the
0il that they purchase from the in
dependents at an increased price
Before the war the independent oil
producers of the United States pro-
iuced 500 of the production, leaving
1870 for the majors. At the present
line, due to the purchase of indie
operators, the majors now
control 1879 of the oil production, leav-
ng the Independents only 229o, and
his 22qo will soon be wiped out un-
ess we can get some relief from an
increased price of crude OIL
Thus these labor organizations are
'nly tending to help out complete
monopoly of the oil industry by from
8 to 30 companies, while thousands
Continued on Page Two)
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1943-09-03
COOPERATIVE
BUILDING IS
ADVOCATED
Labor Leader Recommends
That Building Trades Unions
Of Montana Embark On
Building Program Using
Their Accumulated Funds.

Among the several constructive
measures advocated by James d. Ora.
ham in his annual report as president
of the Montana Federation of Labor,
he advocated the erection of apart
ment houses by the Building Trades
Unions of Montana, utilizing their
skills and the money accumulated by
them
Mr.. Graham also suggested cooper
alton by farmers and labor in the
establishment of a cooperative wool
securing plant and wooden mill, stat
ing that the organized labor bodies
have considerable amounts of idle
money (which can be put to use and
help reduce the number of unem-
ployed when the war is over"
The complete report of Mr.. Graham
will be published in the next issue of
The Voice.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1943-09-03
August 80, 1913

August 30, 194'
Mr.. H. S. Bruce, Editor
The Peoples Voice
Helena, Montana
Dear friend Cap:
I read with interest your article
written by John Carson dated al
Washington under heading "Ickes
Proposal for Increase in Crude Price
Termed Steal" For your informal
ton | am sending you copies of two
letters that were written to the heads
Of the national administration and the
other to the heads of the various la
Dor organizations. Copies were also
sent to our Montana representatives
at Washington, d. c.
This raise in the price of crude is
vital to the independent oil man and
| is not really expected by the majors
and they would not care to have it
unless refined products could be
raised in proportion, but l do think
there should be some active agita-
ton for the protection of the indie
penden oil producers who will eventu-
ally be the backbone of all Coop re-
fineries, so if you see fit to give space
to these letters in your paper | think
it would be doing a real favor and
it would do lot of good to enlighten
the general public on the actual facts,
as l believe that out of scarcity oil
is the most important item to the win
ming of he war, even more so than
manpower, food metals or transporta-
ton, because we appear to have a
fair amount of all the rest while the
supply and reserve of crude is lacking
because without oil the trend of civil
ization must stop in this day and age
Very truly yours,
e. B. COOLIDGE.
August 26, 1913
Mr.. James T. Byrnes, Administrator
Office of Emergency Management
Washington, d. C.
Dear Mr.. Byrnes:
I noted United Press article from
under date of August 18th |
stating that the oil interests are ac- |
cused by labor groups and in which |
the railroad labor organizations, the |
American Federation of Labor and the |
Congress of Industrial Organizations |
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1943-09-03

the hands of teachers.
A feature that is both interesting
and unique in the Montana elemen-
tary program is that the outlines of
the units are printed in loose leaf
form sothat they can be added to or
changed from time to time. 1t is diff
ficult in times like these when events
are moving so swiftly, to keep course
Of study material up to date, and the
plan of the units in use in Montana
will make that possible. Another in
teresting feature is the opportunity
given all the elementary teachers in
the state to participate in continuous
ly building the course of study. The
loose leaf feature of the unit work
sheets will make it possible for re-
prints as they become necessary, and
in these reprints the valuable tech
niques and practices of teachers in
every county of the state can be
brought to attention of other teach
ers.
All school board clerks have been
notified to obtain these worksheets
for the teachers In their district and
no delay is anticipated in getting the
program into full operation.
Parents, parent-teacher organiza
lions, and other groups or individuals
in child education are also
urged to buy the worksheets which |
outline the Montana elementary
course of study. Much of the child's |
education is in the home and COM
munity outside Of the school, and |
The better understanding parents and |
people in general have of what the
child is doing in school, the more help |
The home and community agencies
can give him. Teachers and school |
clerks can explain to parents or 9th
IFS how these worksheets may be OBJ
aimed
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1943-09-03
OPPOSITION TO
N.WADSW0RTH
BILL PUBLICIzED

AS part of its Free Labor in Free
American campaign the Workers De-
tense League plans to print state
ments from prominent people every
week opposing the Austin Wadsworth
draft labor bill.
Last week Rev. James Myers, of
the Federal Council of Churches of
Christ, speaking as an individual,
stated in part that the Austin-Wads-
worth bill would constitute in Amer
lea a big step toward the nazi and
fascist concept of compulsory labor"
Mr. McLaurin, speaking for the March
on Washington Movement emphasized
the loss of manpower due to discrim-
nation against negroes in hiring and
in upgrading.
This weeks quote is from Sam
Baron, general manager of the New
York Joint Board of the Textile Work
ers Union of America, who stated:
I'm against all compulsion in labor
matters. l believe the Austin-Wads-
worth bill will defeat whatever worth
while end is contemplated"
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1943-09-03

-
have been working two and
one-half years in preparing
this course of study. The pro-
gram for Montana elementary
schools as outlined by the state
superintendent consists of four
distinct parts: a handbook for
teachers, worksheets for each
of the 48 units in the state ele-
mentary program, a cumula-
tive list of books and teaching
materials, and series of
achievement charts.
The first part, the handbook or
course of study, sets up the organi-
cation of the materials of instruction
in the school. Under the Montana
plan the three RS are not learned by
the child just so he will know how to
read and write and add numbers, but
they are learned so that he may make
use Of them in his day-by-day living
cordingly, under the Montana plan the
work of the eight grades of the ele-
mentary school is organized under 48
large problems or units of work, and
in covering each of these problems
the child discovers that he must use
his three RS as well as the factual
knowledge he has acquired in history,
geography, civics, health, science,
language and all other school sub
jects. The handbook or course of |
study was put in the hands of Mon
tana teachers a year ago and has al |
ready been of great service in the |
state schools. The full value of the |
new program will not be felt how
ever, until this fall when the work
sheets covering the 48 problems of
the course of study will be placed in
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1943-09-03
| GUERILLA c0-0PS
In CHINA STILL
Are PRODUCING

More than one million dollars hal
been sent to China for the Chinese
Industrial Co-operatives since Septem
Der 1, 1910, according to a sixth-an
niversary report by Indusco, the
American Committee for Chinese In
dustrial Co-operatives. The money
has been used for the establishment
of new co-operatives, development OF
special machinery, training of indus
trial and cooperative technicians, and
the productive employment of refu-
gees, disabled soldiers and poverty
stricken peasants.
One of the highlights of the Indusco
lief, is the news that many guerilla
co-operatives, long thought lost, have
been steadily producing inside Japa-
nese-controlled China.
In one area, entirely surrounded by
the enemy, % new co-operatives, two
Of which mine coal, were formed in
IL months. In another area all wool
supplies intended for the Japanese
army were bought up by Chinese CO.
operative agents and struggled into
Free China. The report further
states that large quantities of goods
manufactured by the co-operatives in
side occupied China is being Snug
gled through enemy lines.
A summary of the six year work of
Chinese Industrial Co-operatives lists
the following accomplishments:
By the production of more than ST.
$4,000 (U.S.) worth of C.LC. goods
each month, initiation prices in some
areas have been lowered considerably.
The army, Red Cross, and civilians
have been supplied with vitality need
ed products that can no longer be |
imported.
In many cases the co-operatives
have been able to manufacture prod
Icts that have been off the market |
or several years.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1943-09-03

uTc Vi Ille AOIIl legislative DIS
sembly for its failure to appro-
pirate sufficient funds for the
operation of the hospital.
The report also makes a recon-
mendation for the appointment of a
Estate Institutions Committee" to be
composed of the Board of Examiners
of the state and members represent
ing labor, farmers and business, to
meet periodically with the heads of
the various state institutions and thus
bring the public into closer contact
with the institutions and their prob
lems
The report of the committee, in
full, follows:
Resolution No. 46
To the Officers and Delegates of the
Montana State Federation of Labor
in convention assembled at Anacon-
da, Montana, August 1920, 1913:
WHEREAS, Investigation of condi-
tions at the State Hospital at Warm
Springs reveals that:
1. Salaries, wages and housing ac-
commodations prevailing for attend
ants and professional personnel is so
low that it makes it almost impos-
sible to interest capable workers to
accept employment in the institution
or induce present employees to re-
main, thereby creating shortage of
trained personnel
2. Because of the failure of the leg
islature to appropriate sufficient
funds, the food for the inmates is
budgeted on the basis of about six
cents per person per meal, needless
to say this is far below anything like
a standard to sustain any human be-
ing.
3. There are more than 1000 in
mates crowded into quarters hardly
large enough to accommodate 1900 |
4. Because of over crowding, many |
young children are housed in wards |
With adults with no facilities for rec
cation and no companionship other
han adult.
5. Many of the buildings are sadly
n need of repairs and modernization
md two in particular present
hameful fire hazard and endangers
he lives of 100 inmates houses there
n.
g. Women's cottage "B", an attic of
frame building housing 65 inmates,
ontains only two small windows at
ach end of the building thereby MAX
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1943-09-03
HERSHEY SHOWS ORDER
OF INDUCTION

1.-THE selection of men needed for
the armed forces and the deferment
of men required for agriculture, war
production and war supporting activ-
tiles are much more difficult than in
the days when we had ample men
from which to choose" said Maj. Gen.
Lewis B. Hershey, director of Selec-
tive Service, in recent letter to local
boards. He said available men will
be called for induction in the follow
ing order: % single men without de-
pendents, (2) single men with col
lateral dependents, CD married men
without children, (4) men with chill
dren (nondeferrable activities and &C.
cupations), 90 men with children"
SMALL ENGINES TO FARMERS
Distribution of about $4,000 air and
liquid cooled internal combustion en-