davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The guardian., 1943-11-27

and recreational facilities. I
shall press for the inyestiga-
tion of the text books used in
our schools and colleges and
for an investigation Of the
public utilities and all other
industries which discriminate
against workers because OF
race, creed or color or politi-
cal affiliation. I shall consider
it high honor to be able to
sit in the chair now occupied
by Councilman Powell"
The guardian., 1943-11-27
HARMONY MASS MEETING

Gov SaltonStall, Rabbi Her
man H. Rubenovitz, Rt. Rev.
MSgr Richard ]. Haberhn and
Bishop G. Bromley Oman will
address a mass meeting in Sym
phony Hall, Sunday, Nov. %,
7:3O p, m., in the interest of
racial and religious under
standing
The meeting is under the aus
piceS of the Mass. Citizens Com
mittee for Racial Unity and the
The guardian., 1943-11-27
SOUTH IN SPOTLIGHT

There never can be genuine postwar peace until
this nation straghtens out her democratic destnes
at home. Until the time comes when America can tell
other nations how to rule, the south, he Number One
Problem of Amerca) must of necessity remain in the
spotlight under the watchul eyes of the rest of the
world And there many eases for democracy to
be tried in the south inside the next ten years The an
Continued Page Four
The guardian., 1943-11-27

Continued on Page Four
The guardian., 1943-11-27

National NAACP Secretary, who
has done valiant work for the
race but who is now under fire
for his apparent opposition to
the amendment to the educa-
ton bill which made it manda-
tory for equal funds to be allo-
Gated for the education of the
Southern coIOred school chill
dren. Dubois was dropped from
the NAACP office as was VIM.
PiCkens. What will they do with
Mr.. White?
The guardian., 1943-11-27
POLL TAX DIXIE DEBATE"
NOW WORLD WIDE INTEREST
MALICE AGAINST JEWS, CATHOLICS,
TOBE CONDEMNED BY RACE
By MABE KOUNTZE
BY MABE KoUNTZE

While various alleged "super-patriots" are today
preaching postwar equaties for the Balkans Spain,
Italy and Germany, it quite unbelievable that any
section of the u S. A. could at this time harbor an un-
American political bloc dedicated to Withholding voting
privileges from ten million and white and coored
citizens
The guardian., 1943-11-27

National Conference of Christ
ians and Jews. Admission is free
to the public.
The Waterbury Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.) 1917-1946, 1943-12-20
ONE MINUTE TILL MIDNIGHT. minute I'LL fzk}InM}!


&zeoE tie k,,se!. &. i. It's routine on everv trio to
A'Shangd-la" regulations demand it
6GeoE tie Al1se!. The scheduled arrival of vitalv
needed matere depends doing and again
@hecE Me M.se.!.. That's part of the copiots job
every sivcriner in paint Yet highland soon
now-i will seem anything but monotonous
He will glance his wristwatch-and after the hun
dredh look its luminous hands, glowing smile will
spread over his face...
Here what he will have been waiting for-and in
larger sense, what are all fighting for.
CHRYTMAS-and the right to abend it in THE good
sA5asbionsd american Way!
The Waterbury Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.) 1917-1946, 1943-12-20

sssaad toys lights and laughter giving and
the spirit that's evoked the hear Christ,
0as the radioand that carries right through the hol
days. Whether there's no war; "one minute till
0hfissmas has world of meaning every American man.
woman and child
again tbts year there swU be many Of us to ubom
Christmas Epe u1H bring only momeuta,y pause in
labo's.tbe aOar vorkes ON the might THE and
operating Eastern Air Lines schedules at home and
Military Transport Divisiou schedules abroad
STILL all of us who work-and all of who as result
must endure being separated from loved onescannot
help but feel if think about it, that in doing are
giving the finest Christmas present of all boys in the
armed services More Than all packages haze sent
seas more than all the money haze raised service mems
organizations; stbeonet thing
and IT'S one thing that only JON and personally can gipe
It's our 100 percent cooperation in THE sar program!
This is time relax efforts, the big fight lies
aheadand every soldier, sailor and flyer going need
eN of your help and mine in the battles We
Evening star., 1943-10-07

to the fashions which have told you
the styles which have popular that
the coor all wanted sizes you'll
choosing ovor They're WASH
ngton by popular demand they're "true
Evening star., 1943-10-01

f1ame. A little hot water would
have meant so much, especially with
some coffee mixed in 1t. But tust
couldn't think of a way to heat any"
Meanwhile, Pvt. Sparkman had
crawled safely down the hill to his
company but 1t was impossible to
get back again. Not until the mid
die Of the next forenoon did help
arrive for Pvt. Razas.
The former taxi driver Is a litter
bearer. He has had only minimum
OF medical training. But doctors
testified later that an experienced
nurse could not have done a better
job during that long vigil. The four
wounded men were in good condi-
tion despite the ordeal. All now are
doing well.
"All I could think Of" says the
former taxi driver, was to keep
them as comfortable as possible and
cheer them up by telling them help
was bound to come pretty soon. 1t
would have been easier if 1t hadn't
been for the two dead men lying
there. And when some fellow seemed
In particularly bad pain I would lie
down beside him and talk to him
to get his mind of It,"
That, say the doctors, probably
was the best medicine in the world
in such circumstances.
Pvt. RaZas' patients were lying
scattered over a radius of about so
yards so that he had to be rather
constantly on the move, crawling
about on his stomach, to get from
one to another.
Evening star., 1943-10-01
Methods Studied 10 Pay
Playground Repair Bills

Methods of reimbursing the Ma
tional Capital Parks ONCE for re-
pair work done on District play
grounds were discussed today by
members of the Recreation Board
and the District Commissioners.
At present the parks office pre-
sents the District Recreation Office
with repair bill every three
months. The parks Office has re-
quested that in the future detailed
bookkeeping be avoided by direct
appropriation Of District play
grounds maintenance funds. Board
members have been anxious during
past discussions to insure that any
such direct appropriations be spe-
clflcally earmarked to prevent loss
of District repair funds in the parks
general fund.
The matter was not settled TODAY,
Walter L. Fowler, budget officer of
the District, reported after the meet
ing. 1t will be decided before the
l945 budget estimates are sub
mitted to the Budget Once next
month.
Evening star., 1943-10-01
Girl Aide al Asylum
Kidnapped by Inmate
Py the Associated Press.


HONESDALE, Pa, Oct IA girl
technician. who police said was alb
Quoted yesterday from the Farview
tPaD State Hospital for the Grim
inally Insane by an escaping IN
mate, telephoned her father from
Camden, N. j.. today and said he
won't let me go Corpl. Charles
Neville of the State motor police re-
ported.
Thomas Rutherford. hospital su-
perintendent, identified the girl as
Clara Mary Murray, 26, and the in
mate as Eugene Caster. %, of Har-
risburg, Pa, who, he said, was not
dangerous"
Casper escaped in Miss Murray S
automobile after locking an attend
ant in hospital room and COM
pelling Miss Murray to get in the
car and drive, Mr.. Rutherford said.
State police blockaded roads,
searched cabins and fishing camps
in the area and broadcast warnings
to police In New York and New
Jersey
Philip Murray, Miss Murray's
father, said she telephoned at 8:45
am. today and told him I'm all
right, but he won't let me go. He
isn't vicious or dangerous, but please
come and get me-
At this point, Mr.. Murray said, the
telephone connection was broken.
Police in Camden traced the call
to neighborhood drug store and
heavy details were assigned to-
search the area.
Evening star., 1943-10-01
Hungory's Tie to Duce
Limited, Stockholm Told
BY he Associated press

BY the Associated Press
STOCKHOLM, Oct. 1,-SWedish
press dispatches from Budapest said
today that the Hungarian govern
ment had given qualified recognition
to the new German-sponsored "Fas-
cist republican government of
Benito Mussolini.
A Hungarian spokesman was
quoted as saying that while the
Mussolini government had been rec
ognized as such. Hungary still has
a minister accredited to the govern
ment Of King Victor Emmanuel and
Premier Pietro Badoglio and he has
been ordered to remain at his post.
tThe Berlin radio declared
earlier this week that Hungary
and other Axis satellites had rec
ognized the Mussolini govern
ment'D
Evening star., 1943-10-01
Gen. Hershey Warns
Industry NOT 10 Press
For Draft Deferments
BY the Associated Press

BY the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, Oct. Mai. Gen.
Lewis B. Hershey says that with
the necessary induction of ia
theirs" under way, a breakdown in
public morale is possible if in
dustry does not stop asking for
occupational deferments for sim
gle men for convenience sake.
Speaking at an American MANAGE
ment Association conference vester-
day, the selective service director
said:
Management alone Jas the re-
sponslblllty to use superhuman cf-
forts to see that no deferment is
requested for a man capable of
rendering military service unless the
Job must and can be done by no
other person"
The general declared that by
preSSures and lobbying some man
agement has threatened public re-
spect and local l-board respect for
the very system of occupational de-
ferment upon which production
depends"
Gen. Hershey said:
1T is the considered judgement
Of hundreds of local boards that in
dustry has made the tasks of local
board members extremely difficult
by the retention of young men
simply because it is more convenient
to 90 so.
If the practice is pursued con-
sistently, an unfayorable public re-
action IS certain, and when it comes,
the pendulum cannot be arrested
on center, but will go TO a point
approaching total eliminat atom
Declaring the necessary induc-
ton OF fathers" would hasten the
increasing development Of public
resentment against unnecessary oc-
cupatlOnal deferment requests. Gen.
Hershey said that the effect Of Sc
lectlve service on essential indus
tries has been exaggerated grossly,
repeatedly We get it coming
and going"
The aircraft situation on the West
Coast, he added. is the perfect ex-
ample of Selective Service taking
8 per cent Of the men and receiving
80 per cent Of the blame for the
fact that production schedules have
not been met in some plants some
months"
Local boards" he said. "can
hardly escape a feeling of futllitv
when they see 100000 workers leave
an industry during a period in
which the local boards removed
10000. And those figures are not
imaginary and neither is the in
duStry."
Evening star., 1943-10-01
4D. T.. Institutions
Benefit Under Will

The Washington Home for In
curables and three local hospitals
are to become the principal bene-
ficiaries under the terms of the will
of Mrs. Kate Sessions Marsh, IS,
who died here August Is, leaving
personal property valued at nearly
S275.O0o.
The petition to her will was filed
for probate yesterday in the Regis
ter of Wills office in District Court.
The will makes specific bequeSt
Of $4,000 to her stepson. Gay N.
Freeman, who lives in California.
1t also provides for the income
from some Sl59.0 900 worth of stock
to be paid to a number of distant
relatives and friends during their
lifetime. On their deaths. in turn,
the income from the stock is to be
paid to the institutions named as
benefciaries. Besides the Home for
Incurables. these include the Epis-
copal Eve. Ear and Throat Hos
pital, Children's Hospital and Gar
field Hospital.
The Washington Loan & Trust
Co. was named executor and trustee,
The Smithsonian Institution was
villed what curios of hers it de-
sires, including certain china, sill
verWare, etc. Carved worries were
willed to a museum in Atlanta, Ga,
where Mrs. Marsh lived before her
marriage
Besides the stock, Mrs. Marsh's
personal property included checking
and savings accounts, $4,000 in
real estate notes and $4,000 in
bonds
Her nearest surviving relatives are
two first cousins who live in Macon,
Ga, the petition stated.
Evening star., 1943-10-01
Postwar Tax Refunds
Payable in Insurance
Or Annuities Studied
By the Associated Press.

- tlt AssotldltQ PTeSS.
A proposal for postwar tax refunds
with the taxpayer allowed to take
them in Government insurance or
annultleS-was reported today to be
Included in a. new administration
revenue program calling for a 80 per
cent withholding tax.
The program will be presented to
the House Ways and Means Com
mittee Monday, but it already has
been shown to some legislators and
congressional sources said it shaped
up in this manner:
Increases in individual income
taxes, heaviest in the S., 900 to S25 900
brackets, to bring in S6,400,000 900
yearly.
the combined normal and surtaXes
on corporations to raise 81 ,000,0 900 900
to s1,5o0,000,OOO.
Higher levies on liquor, tobacco,
and some other presently
products, and imposition of excise
taxes on some new items, including
soft drinks. estimated to produce
$2,5OO,O00, 900.
AS a part of the increased taxes
on individual income, the withhold
ing levy on taxable income would
be increased from 20 to 80 per cent.
The per cent Victory tax would
be abolished.
The idea Of postwar refunds was
said to have won President Roose-
velt'S approval over objections from
Secretary of the Treasury Morgen-
thau. The latter has consistently
opposed forced savings, which re-
fundable taxes, in effect would be.
The scheme was described in this
manner:
A part of the increase in individ-
ual levies would be designated as
refundable after the war. but with a
provision that no more than $500 of
taxes in any one year could be re-
funded This would mean persons
In the lower tax brackets could re-
ceive all the refundable part of their
taxes, but the maximum of $500
would be reached at about Sll 900
net annual income.
To encourage taxpayers to take
their refunds in government insur-
ance or annuities. cash rebates
would be at the rate of rs per cent
of the amount allowable with the
Treasury retaining the remaining
25 per cent. The full amount would
be credited if the taxpayer elected
to take insurance or an annuity.
Some opposition to this idea al
ready is in evidence with legisla-
tors raising the question Of what
effect it might have on private in
surance companies. Some also ex-
pressed concern that refunds would
mean continuing high taxes for
many years after the war.
Evening star., 1943-10-01
Ex-Toxi Driver Cares for 4 Wounded Men
On Mountain for 20 Hours Before Rescue

in an hour or so at the most. But
none came. Some of the wounded
were in considerable pain. Often
shell would burst nearby. All night
the former taxi driver crept from
man to Misunderstanding tourniquets
which had become uncomfortable,
giving doses of morphine, keeping
the sometimes delirious men COW
cred with their blankets.
There was a spring on the hill
top. He made lemonade for all OF
them, using the packet of lemon
powder in G ration can. The men
were suffering from cold. Although
he had coffee there was no way he
could prepare it without lighting q
|. fire which would reveal their posi-
ton. When mans means became
SO loud there was danger they
would attract attention he would
inject another shot of morphine.
Just before dawn Pvt. Razas
snatched a couple of hours sleep
himself. He had been on his feet
for 48 hours with little to eat He
lay down with his arm around the
most seriously wounded man.
1T was awfully lonesome and cold
up there" he says. But the thing
I thought of most was the COM
pressed alcohol tablets which look
like cakes Of maple sugar which
you sometimes find in German
packs. If there were any German
dead around I would have tried to
get some. You can make enough
fire to heat canteen of water with
one of them without showing any
Evening star., 1943-10-01

lens was similar to that voiced by
other Senators who made the tour
/ While some of the latter indicated
/ they want to discuss British com
mercial and diplomatic activities ir
"A closed session of the Senate, Sen
ator Lodge told reporters before he
spoke in the Senate he had no par.
tlcular criticism of the British.
If we are not smart enough tc
keep up with them, that's our faul,
and We ought to do something about
it, he said.
Wants Russian Bases.
The general feeling of the com.
planning Senators is said to be tha,
the British are far ahead of Amer
leans in diplomatic and economic
activity and thvs stand to reap
postwar benefits rom many Amer
ican lease-lend contributions tc
/ other countries.
In the Senate. Senator Lodge de-
clared that unWillingness of Russia
to open war with Japan on another
front is understandable.
But 1t is also true" he added
that the whole character of the
Pacific war would change If the
United States had access to the
Pacific coastal area of Russia.
For reasons of security shall not
| say how many American lives would
be spared if We received this aid. I
can say that it, is major factor in
the whole Pacific picture"
Senator Lodge said that as a
whole, the men in the Army and
Navy are well satisfied with the
weapons they receive" believe the
1000 adequate If not always tasty
Evening star., 1943-10-01

Gallinger has done a splendid job
under the circumstances. Naturally
I am disturbed about some of the
charges"
wouldn't you like to get to the
bottom of them?" inquired Senator
Buck, Republican of Delaware.
Il certainly would" he replied,
but not until the Investigations are
over"
Evening star., 1943-10-01
Mead, Russell, Lodge
Urge Early Action on
j. ). Postwar Policies
By the Associated Press,

By the Associated Press.
Three Senators who have seen
American military, economic and
diplomatic operations in the war
zones at first hand declared to-
day that this country ought to
enunciate broad postwar for
eign policy now for the rest of
the worlds guidance.
Senators Mead, Democrat, of New
York; Russell, Democrat, of Geor-
gia, and Lodge, Republican, of
Massachusetts, told of finding, dur
ing their around-the- world trip
widespread confusion about Ameri-
can politics not only among foreign
ers but among American represent
atlVeS as we'll.
"A declaration by Congress of
foreign policy would have a very
wholesome effect on our activities
in parts of the world in which we
have vital interests" Senator Mead
told reporter
Senator Russell said that while he
believed definite foreign policy
should be established, he did not be-
lieve Congress could attempt to
'flll in the details at this time.
Expects Senate Action Soon.
Majority Leader Barkley mean
while, declared he does not fear the
effect of Senate debate on forth
coming diplomatic conversations
with Russia and Great Britain, and
lent support to reports that the ad-
mlnlStration will back early cOnSid-
Grafton of a declaration of postwar
foreign policy
Senator Barkley. a member Of the
Foreign Relations Subcommittee
which is considering a dozen OF
more such proposals. told reporters
that while the administration is
bringing no pressure, he believed
the White House would like to have
the Senate adopt postwar resolu-
ton some time soon.
Previously Chairman Connally hac
counseled against unrestrained de-
bate on foreign policy at this stage
and 1t generally was understood thai
ne and others favored delay until
after the forthcoming meeting OF
American, British and Russian rep
resentatives.
Many Fear L. S. Expansion.
Senator Lodge said talks with
Americans in the field convinced
him there were two general impress
slons abroad-that many people eX-
pect gifts and favors the United
States is not IN a position to grant
and that Others greatly fear a post
war expansion of American foreign
trade and aviation.
Il submit that a clear, frank
statement of national aims. based
on national interest and guided by
justice, would accomplish more good
for the world and would cause less
hatred and disilluslonment later
on" he told his colleagues in re-
port to the Senate yesterday.
Senator Lodge said he hoped for
effective national cooperation 10
preserve the peace, but that this
alone would not relieve us of the
responsibility Of maintaining an ade-
quate military establishment"
Asserting there are many islands
in the Pacific that are essential to
the military security of the United
States. Senator Lodge said:
American blood has been shed to
get these places" he continued.
American boys are buried there now
Some of these places must remain
in American hands"
Other points stressed by Senator
Lodge were:
It is common knowledge that
Evening star., 1943-10-01

and believe that the high command
ers function effectively.
He also said American people were
being misled by propaganda about
our Allies.
Many OF our young men. for ex-
ample, come to China imbued with
the idea that China is a great mod
ern democracy with millions of men
fighting with their backs to the
wall" he said. Upon arrival, they
find that this is not the case. With
the lmpetuousness of youth. the<'
thereupo ngo to the other extreme ;,
Evening star., 1943-10-01

we are eXhauSting our Oil, that civil
ians in Algeria and Morocco have
more American gasoline than mo-
/ tOriStS in the Eastern States. and
that Australia ought to be supplied
with petroleum from the British
dominated Persian Gulf area.
He wonders whether he had been
right in urging continuance of for
elgn operations by the Office of War
Information in the light of some
OF its propaganda he had seen.
He hopes the invasion currency
being issued in Sicily does not bear
/ promises which the already over
burdened American people are
neither rich enough nor numerous
enough 20 keep
There is much dissatisfaction
/ among soldiers about the Govern
ments censorship and propaganda
policy which pictures our Allies
as perfect.
There is close integration of
American land, sea and air forces
in all theaters.
americans should have postwar
commercial rights on landing fields
which are being built all over the
world.
There is need for a definite policy
of furloughing War-weary troops
home
Command Demonstrates Unity.
Senator Lodge reported that one
outfit IN the theater directed by Ad-
miral William F. Halsey was COM
manded by a major general Of the
Army, with a Navy captain as chief
Of staff and a Marine colonel as op-
erations officer, all flyers.
Senior officers of both the Army
and Navy are deeply impressed with
the need for unity of the services
when our new military policy is
framed" Senator Lodge said.
There is surprising amount of
sentiment amoung these older men
for a single Department of War,
with autonomous land, sea and air
service co+ordlnated at the top by a
joint staff, with each branch free to
pursue its own personnel and ma
terrell policies" he said.
Senator Lodges discussion of the
oil supply and postwar airport prob
Evening star., 1943-10-01
Mai. Gen. R. L. Maxwell
Ordered to Duty Here
BY the Associated Press.

CHICAGO, Oct. 1.-Maj. Gen. Rus
sell L. Maxwell, commanding officer
Lof Camp Ellis, Ill, since May /, has
been transferred to Washington as
an assistant chief of the War De-
partment staff in charge of supply,
Maj. Gen. H. S. Aurand, command
Ing general of the 9Th Service Com
mand, said today. A successor to
Sen. Maxwell has not been named,
Evening star., 1943-10-01
Congress in Brief

By the Associated Press
Senate:
Continues debate on father draft.
Agriculture Subcommittee con-
tlnues hearings on milk situation.
Commerce Committee considers
legislation creating war shipping
field service.
House:
In recess
Evening star., 1943-10-01
Lonohon Heads WAC Drive

ANNAPOLIS, Nd, Oct. tP..-
W. Wallace Lanahan. chairman Of
the Department Of Public Welfare.
has been named by Gov. OConor
to direct a WAC recruiting cam
paign in Maryland