davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-06-30

ular sentiment and the congress
sional overriding veto was in accord
with it. The vote has been vocifer-
ously applauded by the labor lobby
lists with whom he is allied by the
Communist party organ, the Daily
Worker, which is supporting him,
and by the extreme left wingers, po-
litical and journalistic But. Mr..
Roosevelt already was the hero of
these groups. They are the ones
who are demanding a fourth term
for him and who had urged him not
to sign the bill.
Combined with the vast army of
Federal jobholderS. these constitute
his basic political assets and COM
mOdation was expected from them.
1t would have been wholly unnatural
If they had not been pleased when
the President did what they had
asked him to do.
The significant thing, however. is
that commentator has come from
no other source and his most partial
friends do not claim that his veto
won him support from any who were
not already supporting him. Neither
friend nor foe contends that his ac-
ton strengthened him politically or
gained him votes not already his.
Alienation of Others Seen.
On the other side. some convincing
arguments are made that the op-
position to Mr.. Roosevelt has been
intensified and that he has lost sup
port in certain quarters on which
he had been counting. Among these
are the soldiers and sailors of the
armed forces here and abroad.
That there existed in their ranks
deep resentment toward union
laborerS who strike during a war in
defense plants and basic industries
has been made apparent in many
ways. 1t is reasonable to believe
that his veto OF bill designed to
make strikes illegal and aimed di-
rectly at John l.. Lewis has 0isap-
pointed many men in uniform who
have been favorable to the President
and on whose votes the fourth
termerS count.
How many of these have become
disaffected there is no means of
knowing, but certainly there are
some. Also it is reasonable to be-
lieve that. to some extent. there has
been an unfavorable reaction amone
the fathers, mothers, wives and rela-
tives of men in the service. some of
whom have been Roosevelt sup
porters.
A third group which the veto has
sXssperated are the Southern Demo-
Gratis. Anti-union labor sentiment
in the South is stronger than in
Evening star., 1943-06-30

among the civilian population in
regard to the economic and
financial aspects OF the war.
They are assisted by the German
propaganda, which makes avail
able to the public details about
the Nazi military decline and the
grave concern of the German
high command over the immedi-
ate military situation.
Nazi propaganda services are
we'll organized. There are men in
Berlin who know intimately the
American picture and the psy-
chology of the American people.
They are convinced that if Amer
leans can be convinced that VIC
tory is within reach and that the
war might end this year because
OF collapse of Nazi military power
they will become lackadaisical
and production will suffer.
The Germans realize that man.
power on the home front repre-
sents one Of Americas principal
weaknesses. About 6i2 per cent
OF the population of this country
is in uniform. Many of the men
in the fighting forces have been
taken from industry and the
farms.
Indifference Noted.
Industry itseelf needs many
millions of workers, and they
must be taken from other less
vital occupations. Although our
popula ton is more than go per
cent larger than the population
Of the Greater Reich (old Ger
many, the Sudetenland and
Austria), the Nazis have a
greater pool from which to draw
soldiers.
For every man In Germany
who goes into uniform there is at
least one and in many cases there
are two persons to fill the places
in industry and on the farms.
These are the slaves of the
Nazis-Poles, French, Dutch,
Norwegians and Belgians-who
are shipped into the Reich.
Hence of a total of 10000 900
Germans, the Nazi high COM
mand can take all the soldiers it
needs without regard to the needs
OF industry and agriculture.
Many industrial and farm
workers are somewhat Indifferent
regarding war production because
they believe the enemy already
Is beaten. The men on the
Evening star., 1943-06-30
The Great Game of Politics
Veto Said to Have Coined Roosevelt No
New Votes and to Have AIienuted Others

any other section. Both of the
authors Of the bill are Southerncrs-
Senator Connally coming from
Texas and Representative Smith
from Virginia. Unquestionably the
discomfort in the South has been
increased by the veto-the chances
Of possible break in its Democratic
solidity enhanced.
Held "Act Of q Candidate"
Finally, it is true that the Presi-
dents effort to kill the bill has given
force to the charge of men like
Senator Byrd. that it was the act of
a candidate for reelection fearful
Of losing the labor vote. And it has
increased the number OF citizens
who think that Mr.. Roosevelt Is
afraid of the labor lobbyists, that
he has coddled them In a sickening
way, that he is unable to bring
himself to the point of breaking
with them, even when the national
interests demand it.
To sum up, no one claims that the
Roosevelt veto has gained him a
single vote. Many claim that he has
lost ground. At the moment no one
can tell how much, but it does seem
clear that he has sustained some
political damage, presented to the
opposition an additional argument
against his reelection. That much
Is admitted within Administration
circles.
The personal effect on the Presi-
dent OF the unprecedented rebuff
given him by Congress will be dis
cuSSed in another column.
Evening star., 1943-06-30

nent and i'm
portant que S =
tions. First, what
will be the effect
on Mr.. RooSe-
velt politically
Second, W h a t
will be the effect
on Mr.. Roose-
velt personally?
AS to the po-
litical a S p e c t,
one thing is GER
tainly clear-his
veto was not in
accord with pop
Evening star., 1943-06-30
This Changing World
Germany Is Reported Hoping for 'StoIemote
As CIimux Of Effort to Create Disunity Here

battlefield know differently. But
they cannot tell all they know
in their letters home.
The Germans figure that If
they can create a feeling that the
war is almost over and, directly
or indirectly, can foment social
strife in this country, the home
front eventually will prove
greater problem to the American
leaders than the battlefront
itself.
Avid for Disunity.
Any improvement in the situ-
alton at home is a body blow to
the Nazi leaders. Any indication
Of deterioration is greeted with
as great joy by Hitler's inner
circles as a victory at the front.
The modern sabotage under
taken by the Nazi agents Is not
directed at blowing up bridges.
railroads and factories, as was
the case during the World War.
They are instructed to blow up
the morale of the American
people by encouraging, wherever
possible, more strikes and con-
fusion.
They reckon, for instance, that
with diminished production of
steel our railroads will be placed
in difficult position because
they will not be able to replace
equipment and keep it in good
repair. The German railroad
system extends over a maximum
of 10000 miles. The American
system covers 100000 miles.
The Nazis have to take care of
the military equipment of the
German armies. Their satellites
are assisted to a limited extent
by the leftovers Of the armies of
the Reich. And their workers, to-
gether with those of the con-
quered nations, are toiling in Nazi
factories.
Propaganda Active.
We have to take care of our
large Army. But We also must
supply fighting tools to all our
Allies, who have armies even
larger than our own. 1t is true
that in recent months Russia S
demands for war machines have
subsided, but we are obligated to
sent the Soviets huge quantities
OF food without which their
soldiers and civilian population
might be starved into submission.
1t is believed that some of our
workers Of foreign parentage are
being propagandized on the basis
that they are working for a ma
ton which intends to take away
the independence of their mother
country. People who read the
newspapers perfunctorily and
listen only to optimistic reports
over the radio are being propa-
gandized to believe they had
better begin to think about them
selves, since the European war is
practically over and Japan will
not be able to resist after Hitler
has been defeated.
Therefore. the Germans are re-
ported convinced that their prin-
ciple hope in obtaining a stale
mate lies in their ability to play
on the American home front.
Evening star., 1943-06-30
Writer Views Action Of Congress on Antistrke Bill
As Threatening Rift Between Labor and Government

SCU 6OVVI ONO government
legally have no responsibility.
Partisan members may be pleased
by this state Of affairs, but it will
not contribute to winning the
war.
The blindness of the Congress
to the larger issues of the war is
also revealed in this bill. In the
social alignments in all nations,
engaged in this war as active
belligerents or as victims, the
reactionary forces are our enc
mics and the liberal and pro-
labor forces are our friends.
Fascism in the realm of ideas
ideas which are an inextricable
part Of the war itself-can only
be defeated by progressive and
liberal ideas, and by program
which promises freedom and
status to working men and wom-
en-. II the workers of the world
once get the idea that this is
merely a power struggle, in the
course Of which their rights may
be abrogated no matter who wins,
there will not be an atmosphere
in our factories favorable to the
most consummate effort.
The Congress does not do much
careful thinking. 1t might have
considered that the dissolution
Of the Comintern gives liberal,
progressive democracy a chance
to overcome the class struggle
and, by integrating the workers
fully and equally into society, to
reconcile the chaotic differences
between classes. If, on the other
hand, the riffs are deepened,
while the rank and file OF the
workers are cut loose from their
leadership and driven into gen.
eral opposition-to the adminis-
tration, the Congress, the eco
nomic system and society as
Whole-Our industrial age will be
threatened as 1t never has been
before.
Our industrial effort does not
depend merely on antistrike leg
iSlation, but on the morale Of
the workers. Mere indifference
can do more damage than a
strike.
What Is "Agitation"?
Furthermore, the bill is coupled
with rejection of the food sub
sldy program. This can only
mean that there will be rise
IN the cost of living, felt most
keenly by the industrial workers.
This, to say the least, is an un-
fortunate coincidence. Can we
set up an American Gestapo to
arrest every grumbler? What
constitutes "agitation"?
1l-conSidered measures always
have unforeseen results. I great
ly fear-and fervently pray that
l may be proved wrong-that the
result Of this bill will be to de-
fleet the discomfort of workers
against their employers, to a
dlscontent against the state. And
that, in time of war, can be much
more dangerous.
1t is obvious that Congress
wanted a showdown with the
President. But such showdowns.
under our system, only result in
lmmobilization of government.
In European parliamentary
system, such fundamental show
downs result in the creation Of a
new government, with new au-
thorlties and a new accord with
the legislative body. But serious
riffs between Executive and Con-
gress, in our system, cannot be
preached or resolved. They Gre
ate vacuum in responsibility
that in time of great emergency
can be disastrous for the Nation.
Released lA43. by the Bell Syndicate. Inc )
Evening star., 1943-06-30
Miss Martha |. Draper,
Early Army Nurse, Dies
By the Associated Pres

BY the Associated Press
NEW YORK, June 3o-Miss
Martha Lincoln Draper, 7s. who
during the Spanish American War
led the first contingent of American
Red Cross nurses ever to enter Army
camps and hospitals, died yesterday
at her home.
After President Mckinley gave hi,
approval, Miss Draper supervised a.
group of 20 nurses who were assigned
to camps and hospitals at Charles
| ton, S. c.
During the World War Miss
Draper, along with the former Eliza
beth Hoyt of New York, who now Is
Lady Lindsay, wife of the former
British Ambassador to the United
States, was sent overseas by the Red
Cross to study and report on use
fulneSS of women in war zones and
on methods of standardizing refugee
garments and surgical dressings
made by chapters in this country.
Evening star., 1943-06-30

Government on
t h e b a sis of
functions i'd
down in the law
instead of by
m a X e S h / I t
ou pi ngs in
which personal,
political or ide-
illogical alle-
glance is the
prim e factor,
there would be
a gradual emer-
gence of order
out of the con-
Evening star., 1943-06-30
Actress Granted Divorce

RENO, New, June 80 (P,.-Movie
Actress Rita johnson was granted
an uncontested divorce yesterday
from L. Stanley Kahn, former New
Yorker now in the armed services.
The acress charged extreme cruelty.
Evening star., 1943-06-30

| hehrS "eLenofe. LOrla CrOSS IN"
vestiture at Buckingham Palace
and all that.
So I asked the old boy. do you
ever think about these fellows
what they'll do after the WARP"
yes, I do" said he. They all
want to fly. It's marvellous thing,
you know. There are drapers'
clerks. chemists assistants, etc, in
the crews of the Lancasters. They
all want to stay in the Royal Air
| Force.
Want to Stay in Aviation.
"All these boys with down on their
checks want to stay in the Air Force,
whether it be the Royal Air Force.
the United States Air Force or any
| old air force. The trouble Is there
may be no place for them. That's
an interesting concept: No place for
the boys who bombed Germany 10
times hand running, no place for the
mechanics, no place for the ground
crews, no place for the tail-gunners,
no place for the ghost crews that
sit every blessed night in the officers
mess.
so that" said the group COM
mander. lis the problem of demobih-
zation.'
Demobilization is a big word that
covers every conceivable sin and
political misiudgment of every top
hat in Whitehall and every stuffed
shirt on Pennsylvania avenue. It
is too early to think about demobili-
zation, say those in the high places
land. by the way, demobiliza ton
Just means getting the men out of
the army and doing something that
will make it easier for them to 60
back to civilian lifep.
Decentralization is word that
means life and all forever after to
10 or IL or Is million Americans.
How to get them back into the WAYS
or normal, civil life? Well. that's
not a problem that bothers anvbody
very much. We Will think of that
after Hitler is done in.
Fortunately, there are people in
England who are thinking about
getting the men out of the army and
back into civilian life. 1t won't be
enough just to get them back into
civyies, they'll have to come back
peacefully, and that is something
when you consider how our boys
have been taught (and rightfully
So to gouge out the eyes of the men
opposing them.
Want Decent Job.
Bevin, the Labor man, who would
MT be caught dead doing a John L.
Lewis, is one of the men thinking
about the future of the boys in
service, Should YOU give them some
thing, maybe bonus or the like?
Hell, no. Give them a way to make
their living on their own. Give them
a decent JOB. Let them work their
way sout.
( 1t will not prove enough to give
man formerly IN the Air Force
just good JOB assembling trans
Atlantic transport planes. He may
have been a full colonel in the
United States Army Air Forces at
the age of 26! Nobody really under
! stands colonel, much less a boy Of
%. A colonel is a superior being in
the military sense: not only that,
but a social success. Even at 28,
do you take an Air Force colonel
and put him on a sub-aSsembly line
at Boelng? That's a problem for
those thinking about demobilization.
+ Some one in Congress could make
a reputation thinking about nothing
in all his waking hours but the de-
mobilization of the Army of the
United States.
Distributed by McNaupht SvrGirate rnc ,
Evening star., 1943-06-30


this bill Is more than an anti
strike bill. 1t restricts the po-
litical activities of labor-which
is certainly beside the point-and
in this sense it is anti-labor and
anti Roosevelt, not antistrike.
The Presidents criticisms of
section are reasonable. And
inasmuch as the whole bill is
conceived as a war measure, the
opinion of the Secretaries of
War and Navy should certainly
have been considered. The armed
forces are the last people in the
world to feel soft toward strikes
in production plants. But
they agree with the President
that the provision for 30 days
notice of a pending strike, with
a secret ballot, is an odd pro-
vision in a bill which is designed
TO prohibit strikes altogether.
Leadership Relieved.
The theory behind this provi-
sion Is, obviously, that diScon-
tent in the ranks of labor is TO-
mented by the leadership. and
does not arise from the rank and
file. But actually, in the most
important case. and the one
which precipitated the whole
questiop-the coal strike-this is
obviously not true. The rank and
file want better conditions of
work and pay, and Mr.. Lewis has
truly represented them-truly,
though not wisely.
The leadership has given anti
strike pledges, and is interested
in preserving its leadership and d
discipline. This bill relieves them
of both the opportunity and the
necessity. 1t makes possible
strikes that have majority sup
port, taken by secret ballot, and
destroys the authority of the
leadership.
The Congress. in diSregarding
the Presidents advice. and MAIN
tanning an unamended and made
quately deliberated bill, was OBJ
viouSlv asserting its own prestige
over the President. But the Con-
greSs. though it has the legislative
responsibility, does not have the
executive responsibility to see
that the country is administered
and the war won.
No Aid to War Effort.
If. as a result of this law, there
is an increasing conflict between
the administration, which must
carry it out, and the working
poople If Apoerico CoppreSS will
Evening star., 1943-06-30

mt than
a b o u t our
military po-
tential.
Compete n t
observers also
believe tn a t
@ e r III q n
agents in this
country have
received in
structions to
pay more at
t e n ii on to
S pr e a d ing
on ( u S | on
Evening star., 1943-06-30

babies"
That is what
the group COM
nander said. He
c a ii e d t h e m
mere b a b | e s.
The group COM
mander was 20
years old. All
the men in the
crews under him
W er younger.
The group COM
mander was an
old fellow-Vic-
Evening star., 1943-06-30

o"A a2AA6 oiAC
P r e S | dent s
criticisms.
The country
would have
welcomed an
antistrike bill
Incorporating
into law, for
the duration
of the war,
the existing
q d m | niStra-
tive structures
on trade union
ortiop Put
Evening star., 1943-06-30

CuU Oh Ile con- Dhsio DNWfeHces
fiicting Jurisdictions and clashes.
Thus. the new controversy be-
tween Vice President Wallace and
Secretary of Commerce Jesse Jones
Is entirely the outcome of a situa-
ton where the President attempts
to bestow power informally. The
Constitution, for example, makes the
Vice President member of the
Senate, and the same Constitution
says no member of either house
can hold office under the executive
branch of the Government. Yet
Mr.. Wallace has been delegated to
run the Board of Economic War;
fare-an executive agency-and now
he is publicly at odds with an off,
cial who not only holds the position
Of Secretary of Commerce. but is
the head Of the Reconstruction
Finance Corp.
Congress did an unprecedented
thing when it passed a special reso-
luton permitting Mr.. Jones to hold
both Offices. If the RFC were to
be headed by any one else, it is
doubtful whether Congress would
give the same leeway in handling
funds that it has given to Mr.. Jones.
Clash Inevitable.
But Mr.. Jones holds a statutory
position In the executive branch of
the Government and Mr.. Wallace
does not. Regardless of the merits
Of the controversy that has been
raised by the Vice President, it was
inevitable that clash would occur
when executive power was improp-
erly delegated.
Within the last "a hours Chester
Davis resigned as food administrator
because power had not been dele
gated to those who were supposed to
exercise it. A committee of the
House is making a special inquiry
into the manner in which executive
orders are being prepared for the
Presidents signature.
CareleSSneSS and lack of thorough
ness also is hurting the relations of
the Executive with Congress. Thus
much comment is being heard on
Capitol Hill about a paragraph in
President Roosevelt's veto message
on the labor bill last Friday in which
he said:
The heads of our military, naval
and production agencies have testi-
fed that these provisions are likely
to be subversive of the very purpose.
OF the bill-uninterrupted produc-
ton
Concerns Another Bill.
Mr. Roosevelt is so busy that he
accepted the foregoing in the draft
OF his message, which is really not
true. The heads of the military and
naval agencies did not testify against
the bill which was adopted in con-
ference. That bill was a far differ
ent measure than that which was
considered by the House Military
Affairs Committee, to which COM
mittee was sent round-robin letter
protesting to give the sincere views
Of the War and Navy Departments.
The House committee didn't hear
testimony from the officials in ques-
ton, but did receive letter signed
by Assistant Secretary McCloy of
the War Department, Secretary
Knox Of the Navy Department and
Donald Nelson of the War Produc-
ton Board as we'll as Rear Admiral
Emory Land of the Maritime Com
mission. The House Committee
sought to find out how the letter
came to be written and learned
that Miss Perkins, Secretary of La
Dor, induced the others to sign it.
Whether they were told that the
President wanted them to sign the
letter is not disclosed
1t is generally believed in Congress
Evening star., 1943-06-30
Rev. E. +. W. Eliot Dies

LONDON, June 80 (P).-The Rev.
Edward Francis Whatley Eliot. 70.
former Episcopal archdeacon in
Italy and the Riviera and canon of
Gibraltar, died yesterday at Bath.
Evening star., 1943-06-30
BY FRANK r. KENT.

The revolt of Congress against
the President, climaxing in the
extraordinary overriding of his anti
strike bill veto, projects two peril
Evening star., 1943-06-30

HE opinions OF the rters this page their oon
necessarily The Stars Such opinions presented In The
Stars effort to gve all sides of questions interest to its
readers although opinions may contradictory among
themselves and directly opposed to The Stars.
Evening star., 1943-06-30
By CONSTANTINE BROWN.

According to indications here,
the Nazi espionage system is
more anxious to obtain informa-
ton about the American home
Evening star., 1943-06-30
|McLemore-
Ponders Problem
| Of Demobilizution
BY HENRY McLEMORE.

LONDON.-"The kids are so
young. That LIS what shocks you.
A huge Lancaster that costs maybe
$500,000 is put IN the hands of
Evening star., 1943-06-30
Clashes Laid
To Personal
Government
Revertine to Law
Is Suggested as
Simple Solution
BY DAVID LAWRENCE.

Troubles on the home front con-
tinue to multiply, and they are all
the more to be deplored because
the solution is so simple.
If the President would run the
Evening star., 1943-06-30
On the Record
BY DOROTHY THOMPSON,

Congress has not, think, acted
In a statesmanlike manner in
passing its antistrike bill over
the Presidents veto, and disre-
Evening star., 1943-06-30
No Aid to War Effort.

If. as a result of this law, there
is an increasing conflict between
the administration, which must
carry it out, and the working
people of America, Congress will