davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-10-04
National Grange Head
Indorses CCC, but
Opposes Subsidies
Ey the Associated Press.

Ey the Associated Press.
Albert S. Goss, master of the
National Grange, today urged con-
tlnuance of the Commodity Credit
Corp, but reiterated his unauali-
fed opposition to subsidy payments
in any form.
Mr.. GoSs told the House Banking
Committee, considering legislation
10 extend the life of the CCC be-
yond next January he believed the
agency should be given ample
finances and extended not beyond
December 81, 1914.
We believe care should be used
to provide safeguards against
wastage or absorbing losses un-
necessarily as a subterfuge for sub
sides" he asserted in urging Con-
gress to provide checks against
clever bureaucrats" who might
"pervert" the will of Congress.
Fears Political Control.
There are few sources of political
control more potent than that of
cash subsidies of one kind or an
other" he told the committee. He
Contended subsidies were inf1ation-
T. and won't work" and suggested
IF We want to close the in
fationary gap we must produce more
and consume less
"A low price program which dis
courages production and encourages
consumption is directly contrary to
economic law and will result in eco
romic disaster he warned.
AS a substitute for subsidies Mr.
GoSs suggested that Congress assure
enough fieXibility in price ceilings
to meet production costs.
Battle Expected.
Meanwhile, new showdown fight
between President Roosevelt and the
congressional farm bloc over the
administration hold-the-l line pro-
gram gathered intensity, with a veto
predicted for any legislation pro-
hlbltlng subsidy payments to keep
retail food prices down.
The veto prediction came from
an influential Congressional leader,
one OF the Chief Executives legisla-
tive advisers, while Mr.. Roosevelt
worked on a message, outlining the
administrations 1914 food program.
for presentation to Congress this
week.
The lawmaker declared the presi-
dental message would support the
program of War Food Administrator
Marvin Jones and, presumably, re-
emphasize his arguments for using
subsidies to roll back prices and
combat imitation.
FinsOn Backs Program.
This view of the administration
was emphasized Friday by Fred M.
Vlnson, economic stabilization di-
rector, who asserted in a radio ad-
dress that selective subsidies coupled
with adequate taxation are an in
tegral part Of the INTIMIDATION
program.
Mr.. Jones appeared before the
Banking Committee last week to
ask extension of the Commodity
Credit Corp. until June 80, 1e45, a
s5000O0,000 boost in the agency's
borrowing authority and permission
to sell perishable goods below parity
prices.
There is little likelihood, however,
that the committee will act on the
CCC bill until it has heard the
Presidents S food message
Evening star., 1943-10-04
Red Haired 77-Yeor-OId Crjer
HeroIds Supreme Court

OF OPA rent control regulations and
the right Of a Negro to vote In a
State primary which nominates cam
didates for Congress.
These controversies are among tina
400 cases already on file and mora
are arriving daily.
Personnel Unchanged.
The courts personnel is the sans
as 1t has been since last February
ID, when Wiley Rutledge succeeded
Justice Byrnes. who resigned in Oc-
tober to become economic stabiliza-
ton director.
Chief Justice Stone. who will be
II next Monday, is the only member
englose to retire at full pay becaure
OF having served 10 years and having
reached the age of 10. He appears
to be in unusually good health.
Justice Roberts, who is So. ranks
next to the Chief Justice is both
age and both of service. They are
the only members of the tribunal
not appointed by President Roose-
welt.
Siilei ouSClCe 0tOne was appointed
Associate Justice in 1925 by President
Coolidge, but was promoted to Chief
justice by Mr.. Roosevelt on June IL.
l94l. Justice Roberts was nominated
as Associate Justice by President
Hoover in 1890.
The program for today's session
consists only of the admission of
attorneys and the receipt of motions.
Inc customary call at the White
House will be made later.
During the week the justices will
hold several conferences to decide
which cases filed during the summer
are to be reviewed. An announce
ment Will be made next Monday.
Oral arguments also will begin then
on cases the court agreed last spring
to review
Evening star., 1943-10-04
Pilot Drops Farewell Note
10 Parents Before Crash

BY the Associated Press.
ROCHESTER. N. Y, Oct. 4-The
pilot of an Army bomber which
crashed near Penn Yam Saturday,
killing all six occupants, has been
identified as First 1t. Willard E.
Wilder, 26. of Rochester.
The identification was made by
his father, who told how the young
officer saluted and dropped fare
we'll note over the family summer
home IS miles from the hillside
crash. The bomber, which took off
at Rochester, was headed for Wash
ington, according to 1t. Wilder's
parents. Army officials are with
holding names of other victims.
Evening star., 1943-10-04

managed to pull it free and the partv
proceeded to lock No. 5 at Brook
mont
The Park Service is planning to
run two trips each Sunday. at II
am. and pm. until the weather
becomes too chilly. The fare is 81
per person, with half-fare for chill
dren under IA. Parties will leave
the dock at Thirtieth and M streets
and officials estimate that approxi-
mately three hours will be required
for the trim
Evening star., 1943-10-04

changed to 20 per cent of receipts;
billiard tables-20 per cent of re-
celpts.
Phone Taxes Raised.
Transportation of persons-raised
from 10 per cent to 80 per cent; :;
communications dong distance tele-
phone 20 to Is per cent; Qocal tele-
phone service) 10 to Is per cent :;
jewelry, 10 to 80 per cent; furs,
Is to Is per cent: luggage, handbags,
wallets, 10 to Is per cent; greeting
cards, 35 per cent on manufacturer
new tax,
Soft drinks, cent a bottle-new
tax fountain preparations covered
in tax on sirups); candy and gum,
rate sufficient to raise about $780,
100000.
House Republicans were ready to
follow Secretary Morgenthaus pre-
sentation with a demand for Gov
ernment economies.
Chairman Doughton said he hoped
the new general revenue measure
would be placed on President Roose-
velt's desk by January /.
Evening star., 1943-10-04
Thieves Break Windows
In Two BurqIuries Here

Watches and assorted jewelry were
stolen from show window of the
Philip Franks Jewelry Co., S12 F
street NV, by thieves who broke
the window yesterday. it was re-
ported to police by David Franks,
manager Of the store.
In another burglary, thieves
smashed rear window of a grocery
store Saturday night, taking an as
sortment OF meats, including Is
chickens, cigars and cigarettes, ac-
cording to Elmon Fisher Of 1904
Wade street Sc, owner Of the store.
Evening star., 1943-10-04

ian clothes soon
1t was learned
today.
The 34-year-
old former Gov
ernment Official,
who is assigned
to the Office of
Strategic Serv-
ices here, IS suf-
t e r in 6 from
sciatica.
1t was under
stood that Pvt.
N a t h a n had
been assigned to
overseas d u t Y
Evening star., 1943-10-04
Man Held in Assault Case

Charged with an attempted Grim
lnal assault on a 4-year-old girl
Robert Griffin, 81, of the 1900 block
OF TWenty-second street NV, was
held for the grand Jury today.
Evening star., 1943-10-04
Congress in Brief
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
Senate:
Continues father draft debate.
House:
Routine session.
Ways and Means Committee re
celves Treasurys tax program.
Evening star., 1943-10-04
Army May Release
Nathan, Ex-WPB Aide

Robert r. Nathan, former chair
man OF the War Production Board S
Planning Committee, who volun-
teered for the Army, probably will
Evening star., 1943-10-04
hone Taxes Raised.

changed to 20 per cent of receipts
billiard tables-20 per cent of re-
Evening star., 1943-12-10
Opponents of Green-Lucas Bill
Regarded as Forces Of Evil"
To the Editor Of The Star.

! o tle EQlLor OF Ihe star.
At the inception of our Nation, then
30 years after, and again today the
forces Of evil wrap themselves in the
cloak OF States rights. Last week the
Senate passed the Eastland amendment
to the soldiers vote bill, throwing the
question into the hands of the various
States. There are some who herald this
action as sign OF the growing tide
against "centralism." say it can be
nothing else than sign Of the strength
OF the forces against democracy.
There can be only one test applied
to the soldiers vote bill Will it enable
soldiers, sailors and merchant seamen
to vote? The original measure, the
Green-Lucas bill, would allow an esti-
mated 100000 votes. The bill as passed
by the Senate will provide an estimated
top vote Of $4,000. To attack measure
which would provide the greatest pos
slble extension of democracy, as undem-
ocratic and as destructive of the Ma
tons traditions is sheer demagogy.
The "unholy alliance of Southern
Democrats and Republicans cannot OBJ
scure the issue by crying Save de-
mocracy!' Senator Eastland, who led
the poll tax Senators in the destruction
OF the simplihed Federal war ballot, ad-
mltted that he was interested in using
this measure to destroy the chances of
the antipoll tax bill. In short, the
Senator was willing to prevent 5000. 900
citizens from voting In order to retain
the poll takers positions.
SETH LEVINE.
Evening star., 1943-12-10
Intent of the Founders

IN hearings on his home rule
bill, Senator McCarran has specu.
lated as to whether the founders, ir
writing the Constitution, intended tc
deprive the future citizens of Wash
ington OF the right to vote. He
does not believe they did. But, as
developed in his statement-which
is carried in full elsewhere on thi,
page today-his theory is that ces-
sion by Maryland of the District did
not lose to the residents of the
District their voting rights in Mary
land.
1t is an interesting theory, and
there is no intent to argue it here
Students OF the question have not
drawn the Senator's distinction be-
tween voting in Maryland and vot-
Ing in the District. Unfortunately
the founders failed to provide the
method or the rules.
1t is probable that they gave no
thought at all to the future political
status OF an imaginary population
IN hypothetical Federal City. They
probably thought that In giving
Congress power to admit new States,
to dispose OF and regulate territory
belonging to the United States, they
had taken care of the rights of the
people of the future Washington, as
they had protected the rights of all
the other people.
Madison took it for granted that
the rights OF the people in the terri
tory to be ceded would be taken care
OF by the ceding State or States
(Which turned out to be Maryland
and Virginia., just as the States
later took care Of the rights of their
citizens in ceding Western territory,
and as France did in ceding Louisi-
ana. But in the cession that, too,
was overlooked.
The chief purpose of the Constitu-
ton makers, as Senator McCarran
says, was to set up District "in
which the Congress OF the United
States should be the supreme legis-
lative power, and should never lose
control of the political life Of that
District" The Star agrees with
Senator McCarran. There is no
contradiction between this exclusive
control by Congress and the right of
the people who live here to be rep
resented, as Americans, in their
National Government. But there Is
an illogical and highly unjust con-
tradiction between the principles OF
democracy in America and the
denial OF representation in their
Government to the people who live
In Washington.
Evening star., 1943-12-10
Dorothy Thompson

text-replaces the formula "uncondi-
tional surrender" and, becomes its
definition
After the threat OF utter destruction,
this paragraph completes the picture:
We look with confidence to
the day Dhen all the peoples of the
Uorld may live free lives untouched
by tyranny and according to their
porying desires and their o,on con-
sciences"
II considered in connection with the
TWO preceding peace paragraphs, this
oennes what Is meant by democratic
nations" which are to be included in the
world family" 1t enlarges what we
considered up to now to be democratic"
1t was obviously necessary to do SO,
since we have In Russia an ally whose
form OF state and economy differs COM
pletely from what we consider to be
democracy. A democratic nation under
this Interpretation is any which is not
Nazi or Fascist, and In which the people
can create their own patterns of gov
ernment.
II this Is the meaning of this docu.
ment, why was 1t not phrased in the
form OF an outright appeal to the Ger
man people?
Stain knows 1t is silly to appeal to a
people who cannot take advice. Stain
understands what police state is. He
also knows who is afraid of the destruc-
ton Of the whole war machine, and who
alone can bring about a change of gov.
ernment. That Is the Wehrmacht. So
l interpret this declaration as a diplo-
matte instrument framed to impress and
encourage those military forces in Ger
many and the satellite countries who
oesire 70 end the war under conditions
which VIII win the support OF the over
~nelmlng masses OF their peoples and
assure the future survival OF their ma
llons' IN system OF collective security.
Rsleased by the Bell Syndicate, Inc)
Evening star., 1943-12-10

graph has meaning. So what separates
our united war plans from the threat
Of utterly destroying the German armies
and industries?
The two intervening paragraphs con-
cern the peace. And these I must
quote. with my own italics:
And as to the peace, we are sure
that our concord will make it an en-
during peace. We recognize fully the
supreme responsibility resting upon
us and all nations to make a peace
which will command good will from
the overwhelming masses OF the
peoples OF the Uorld and Danish the
scourge and terror Of war for many
generations.
I'VE have surveyed the problems
OF the future. We shall seek the CO.
operation and active participation Of
all nations, large and small, whose
peoples in heart and mind are dedi-
Gated Is are our own peoples, to the
elimination OF tyranny and sldpery,
oppression and intolerance. We will
welcome them, as they may choose
to come into the World family of
democratic nations"
graph tells us. BY 4 seemingly illogical
jump, the nat statement follows: mo
power on earth can prevent our de-
stroying the German armies and
war plants" The jump Is not illogical
The threat follows an offer.
The responsibility for the peace rests
upon all the nations. The words
United Nations" are not used. But all
includes the enemy nations. The peace
furthermore, must command the good
will OF "the overwhelming masses of
the people Of the world" and that
means also the masses OF the peoples
Of the enemies. Otherwise, again, the
words United Nations" would have
been used. Unless I am unable to read,
this statement-and one other in the
Evening star., 1943-12-10
Frank K. Kent

Is the only way Mr.. Willkie can ba
beaten. Hardly any one believes In the
emergence Of dark horse" and few
seriously think the convention will
name either Gen. Macarthur or Gov.
Bricker The obstacles in the yav Of
tnese TWO are too many and too great.
kHt
For another thing, despite the speech
OF Mr.. All Landon, the Mackinac dec
laratlon and the almost unanimous in.
dorsement by Senate Republicans of the
MOSCOW agreement appear to eliminate
any possibility Of revival Of isolation-
ism within the party. Other than in
slstence on ending governmental waste,
shrinking of the Federal bureaucracy
and general indictment of New Deal
management, it seems little too much
to expect the Republicans to present
to the country now, as some are urging.
concrete set of principles and policies.
1t is hard to see how they can do that
before the convention meets and the
candidate speaks. Certainly, when in
1882 the Democrats were the outs, they
offered neither program nor principles
until the Chicago platform was adopted
and Mr.. Roosevelt named.
Up to that time their whole appeal
was based on opposition to Mr.. Hoover.
And it was not until that admirable
1882 platform was adopted that any
one knew for what the Democrats
stood. And perhaps it is worth recalling
that within a year that platform had
been almost completely repudiated. It
may also be recalled that one of Mr..
Roosevelt's chief principles just before
he and the Democratic party acquired
responsibility was opposition to deficit
financing" and advocacy of the balanced
budget In view of the direction he
turned after he got in, this hardly seems
credible now
Evening star., 1943-12-10
StuIinqrud Sword

The making of a great sword is a
dramatic business. 1t was not merely
fine and precious metal that went
into the blade of honor which Britain
gave to Russia in commemoration of
Stalingrad. Artistry, science, the
genius of whole nation and the
instinct of an entire race are repre-
sented In the beautiful weapon itself
and in the bond which it symbol
izes-a tie of fellowship offered to
one valiant people by another.
R. M. Y. Gleadowe, head of the
Honours and Awards Branch of the
Admiralty, member of the Court of
the Goldsmiths' Company, master of
Winchester College, currently Lord
Mayor OF London, is the designer of
the Stalingrad sword. He has been
responsible for many magnificent
creations in gold and silver for the
royal court, cathedrals, universities
and corporations. Slade professor at
Oxford and lecturer at Dublin and
Belfast, he likewise formerly was an
executive officer of the National Gal
lery. His portrait drawings are in
Trinity at Cambridge. He exhibited
at Paris in 1887 and at the Worlds
Fair in New York in 1882. A
philosopher as we'll as an artistAhis
character and personality are sug-
gested by his admission that his
recreations are Sailing and silence"
But Mr.. Gleadowe did not work
alone. When his sketch was ready,
he summoned to his aid Tom Beasley,
elghty-three, sick and no longer pos
sessed of the physical strength of
his prime but brave with the tradi-
tions of family which has forged
swords during more than two hun
dred and fifty years. He rose to the
task with delight. The blade he
hammered and seasoned was ground
by Jack Mappin until ut would cut a
sheep in half with one blow" Cor
poral L. G. Durbin, RAF, was called
to do the gold and silver modelling
and chasing. Fourteen additional
craftsmen contributed to the perfec-
ton OF the gift before at last it was
completed.
The Stalingrad sword first was
displayed in the banqueting hall of
the Goldsmiths' guild. Later, it was
shown at the Victoria and Albert
Museum and at Westminster Abbey.
Before leaving England, it journeyed
to all the principal cities Of the king
Evening star., 1943-12-10
House Pattern

/ loue the scent OF this neU-sawed
timber
The hard, clean scent OF oak to bor
WaH,
/ loDe the feel OF poplar for ratters
And joiSts cut from a 1Ualnut, straight
and TALL
HoD fragrant the curls of pinewood
shaUings
That turn thin strands along the
planes bright edge,
Spruce that greW on some hioh hill for
ceiling,
And t1Do-inch pine to make a uundo,u
ledge,
Hardwood flooring cut so straight and
n1rroD
To hold the sturdy feet that palk the
years,
A pdneled door OF strong, curly maple
To keep 1Dirter hearth and shut out
fears.
In this house pattern there is more than
timber,
There is sun and rain, a pine peak S
crested dome,
There is 1Dind- -s,Ueet ddWn and sturru
tDilight,
All these, and loDe, ve build into our
hone
ALMA ROBINSON H1oBEE.
Evening star., 1943-12-10

time taken out of the Dnieper bend area
any forces which were in danger Of
being surrounded there, and which the
fall of Znamenka a month ago might
have cut off.
Once more, then, we come to stale
mate on the south Russian front, and
to condition in which the Russians
If they wish for more than local Sue
cesses, must again throw in large new
forces as they did in their great break
through at Kiev. In view of prevailing
weather conditions it does not seem
likely that such a move will come i'm
mediately.
On the map, at any rate, and on the
weather chart, too. it would seem more
probable that the Russians are prepar-
ing for shift to the north; may, indeed,
be already collecting the reserves for q
great new offensive somewhere between
Leningrad and Vitebsk.
Most likely directions for . larse-soals
Evening star., 1943-12-10
Maj. George Fielding Eliot

fronts and to retire closer to their home
bases.
In pulling back their left flank to the
Gulf OF Riga, the Germans would be
writing off Finland. The reported at
tacks by Russian aircraft on German
conveys proceeding to Finland may sug-
gest last attempt to reinforce their
troops in Finland for q suicide. isolated
stand before the ice closes the ports,
or the conveys might have been evac-
uation conveys.
But 1t should bs observed that in re-
firing to the Gulf Of Riga the Germans
will be presenting the United Nations
with a political problem, because by SO
doing they will be evacuating Estonia
and part Of Latvia. Hitherto, the So
called problem of the Baltic states"
has been in the field Of academic dis
cussion. Whatever Russian intentions
about the Baltic states may be, the
Russians have not been able to carry
out those intentions because the terri
tory In question has been occupied by
German troops. If the whole Of Estonia
and part Of Latvia now comes under
Russian occupation the question Of the
political administration Of these areas
will have to be settled at least tempo-
rarily and may well become q subject of
discussion among the United Nations
The Germans may hope that differences
will arise between the Americans and
British on one hand and the Russians
on the other as a result. But 1t would
seem altogether likely that these diff
culties have already been anticipated,
for If Russian offensive in the north
Is coming. Stain knows it. and has
already told his Allies, and the political
problems OF such move as well as the
military problems have unquestionabW
been examined and adjusted.
(oopyrisht, le4S, New York Tribune rne)
Evening star., 1943-12-10
The Great Game of Politics

all, Mr.. Roosevelt may decide not to force
a fourth nomination is growing and the
depression among New Deal political
strategists is as pronounced as the new
new confidence among the so-called Re-
publican leaders. One of these recently
in Washington expressed the conviction
that politically today Mr.. Roosevelt, in
some sections Is at almost as low an ebb
as Mr.. Hoover was in 1882. With this
situation the Republicans themselves
have had little to DO, though they will
be the benelciaries. 1t is the inevitable
result, OF an accumulation of resentments
against man and group who have
stayed in power too long-and with whose
domestic policies ana performances the
country has become disillusioned and
distrustful. 1t is true the opposition
has neither an overshadowing figure as
a candidate nor an outstanding policy
to offer. But, when the people make up
their minds to change. those things
make slight difference They just vote
the ms out and the outs in and that
Is all there is to it.
To some, who fully grasp the tremen-
dous problems with which the next ad-
ministration must deal, this is q dis
turbing state Of affairs 1t seems Of the
highest importance that the Republi-
cans nominate a first-class man and
evolve enlightened and progressive poll
cies. There is apprehension lest the
convention name another Harding"
and revert to a narrow nationaism.
Neither seems likely. For one thing,
nearly every observer agrees that the
nominee will be either Gov. Dewey or
Mr.. Willkie, with the odds favoring the
former, despite the sincerity of his
statement that he will not be candi-
date. That, it is claimed, will not pre-
vent the convention from drafting him
and drafting Mr. Dewey, apparently,