Evening star., 1943-12-06

vi Juncnue[ DeH|dnu
Draws Praise Here
mr.. Lochner ,0as chief Of the
| Associated Press Berlin bureau
from 1928 to 1922
BY LOUIS p. LOCHNER,
Associated Press Stan Correspondent.
The most significant fact about
the Teheran declarations. from the
viewpoint of their effect on Ger.
man morale, is the absence of the
words unconditional surrender"
1t was wise craftsmanship to omit
these words.
We on the United Nations side all
know that the phrase Is not in
tended to reduce the adversary to
slavery, but, on the contrary, to en-
able the victorious United Nations
to make the blessings of democracy
accessible even to the defeated
enemy.
Goebbels and his henchmen, how
ever, have for months insisted that
the United Nations demand uncon-
ditional surrender as means OF
creating coolie colony In the heart
Eof Europe
Derisively they have pooh -poohed
the idea that a nation which sur
rendered Internationally would ever
be allowed to participate in creating
a postwar world of cooperation and
security.
Hope to Martyrs.
The German people, or rather
that large section of it which Is fec
up with Naziism, militarism, i'm
perlallsm and master race psy-
chology, has been listening in vair
for some message from the United
Nations that would help them in
their struggle for freedom. The
phrase unconditional surrender
was for months permitted to stand
as the only method for Germany.
I have feared, and not without
reason, that this phrase, if left un-
defined or unsupplemented, might
weld Germany into community of
despair and thus prolong the war
greatly.
The Teheran declarations are CAL
culated to bring hope to those Ger
man martyrs for liberty who are
filling the Himmler concentration
camps, to that underground that 1
know exists despite terrorism and
torture, and to those millions of
workers of the hand and brain who
were sold down the river" by the
industrialists, the Junkers and the
militarists when they swung over to
Hitler.
Principal Declaration.
No German democrat will take Of
fense at the assertion of the princi-
pal Teheran declaration that plans
have been concerted for the de-
struction of the German forces
plans so complete and unified that
they amount to guarantees of vic
tory" In countless talks with men,
bers of the underground I learned
that the opponents to Naziism fully
realize that, with Hitler and his
subleaders in full control of all in
strumentalities of power, they could
never oust the Nazis unaided. Moth
ing but crushing military defeat,
they argued, could doom Hitler.
The passage in the principal
Teheran declaration which, l be-
lieve, will have a tremendous effect
in the Reich, is the following:
I'VE shall seek the cooperation
and active participation of all ma
tions, large and small. whose peoples
in heart and mind are dedicated, as
are our own peoples, to the elimina-
ton of tyranny and slavery. oppres-
sion and intolerance. We will well
come them as they may choose to
come into a world family of demo-
cratic nations.
These two sentences, taken to-
gether with the reference to the
Atlantic Charter in the declaration
concerning Iran, may we'll prove
equal to whole army in fighting
Hitler. They give the anti-NaH op-
position something to work for
They plug the diabolic Nazi propa
ganda against the phrase "uncon-
ditional surrender" They will en-
courage the decent elements of the
Reich to work for the day when
they, too, can re-enter the family OF
civilized and free nations.
Texts Will Reach Masses.
1t Is, of course, not to be expected
that the Goebbels ministry will
front-page the Teheran declarations
in the closely controlled newspapers
of the Reich.
But the combined information
services of the United States, Great
Britain and the Soviet Union will
undoubtedly see to it that the two
texts reach the German masses.
Dwarflike Dr. Joseph Goebbels
and his high-powered Nazi Reich
Ministry for Propaganda and Public
Enjoyment look rather stupid
and silly now that the Teheran
declarations have been made public
For days the Nazi dictators OF
German public opinion have been
busy trying to prepare their CO.
nationals for an ultimatum by the
Big Three to Germany to surrender
at once, for an announcement of in
tention to dismember the Reich and
for PRONUNCIATION of a scheme to de-
port 100000 German workers for
slave labor abroad. To their satel-
lites and the countries conquered
they broadcasted the idea that
Europe would be handed lock, stock
land barrel over & Joseph Stain