davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-03-04
Toll Of Ships Sunk From Convoy
Exceeds u. S. Losses in Men

Fortress formation over the convoy
for half hour this afternoon.
Their voices came through a loud
speaker in a tent beside a muddy
road and their comrades at head
quarters were crowded around the
loudspeaker as if they were gathered
around radio at World Series time.
AS I walked into the tent, some
body grinned and said: You're just
in time for the bombing"
Presently the lOudspeaker croaked: :
Direct hit on that one-bleW it right
up-if we're not intercepted we'll
make individual runs-let's shoot the
blank-zeros at O. oclock-Zeros at 9
o'clock indicating the position of
attacking enemy planes s)-Zeros at 3
o'clock-ZerOs at 3 o'clock
We'll, that's another one down
two to go-it's just like you see in
the movies-zeros at 10 o'clock
let's get out of here-there's too
blank many-that was rough deal
for the Japs"
At Air Force headquarters, when
it was all over, the big blackboard
was practically covered up with the
instruction ATTACK enemy convoy"
all marked up with figures denotine
the completion of the days many
missions.
An officer said: Now you see what
air power means"
Evening star., 1943-03-04
Ex-Husband Left S425,000
In Trust for Mrs. Luce
BY the Associated Press.

BY ine Associated Press.
NEW YORK, March 4.-George
T. Brokaw, who died in 1885, es-
tablished a trust fund of s425, 900
for his former wife, now Representa-
tive Glare Booth Luce, it was re-
vealed yesterday in a Surrogate s
Court proceeding.
A decision by Surrogate James A
Foley disclosed that the trust fund
was set up in 1929 pursuant to a
separation agreement under which
Mr., Brokaw agreed to pay his then
wife for support of herself and
their child"
The agreement was to the effect
that the wife was to receive $4,000
monthly, or the income from the
trust fund. Mr.. Brokaw paid $4,000
month for several months in
1929, until he created the trust
fund.
The facts were disclosed when
Surrogate Foley denied an applica-
ton of the executors of Mr.. Bro
kaw's will for an order compelling
the funds trustees to pay pro-
portionate amount of S164,O70. .9S,
representing State and Federal
taxes. The tax item was paid by
the estate, valued at the time of
Mr.. Brokaws death at s1,021 ,283. .18.
Surrogate Foley held that the
trust fund was not liable for any
part of the taxes, and no appor-
tionment can be directed against
1t under the decedent estate law.
Evening star., 1943-03-04
Bankhead Bin Debate
Expected 10 Begin
In Senate Monday
Approval Of Some Plan
To Keep Formers Out
Of Army Is Likely

Debate on the Bankhead bill,
which would provide blanket de-
terment for farm workers until jan
uary l, 1914, probably will begin
Monday in the Senate amid indica-
tions that some form of draft defer
ment for farmers would be approved
next week.
Meantime, fears for the welfare
of the individual farmer were ex-
pressed by three members of the
House yesterday. Representative
Sumner, Republican, of Illinois told
the House that she had been in
formed by competent Government
authority that we in the United
States are headed for food riots
within u months"
Representative Hall, Republican,
Of New York, predicted that the
country would have Government
controlled community farms because
of what he termed farmers inabil-
ity to get needed farm machinery
and repair parts for their present
equipment"
Burdick Offers Plan.
Asserting that farming was in a
dangerous situation, Representative
Burdick, Republican, of North Da-
kota told the House that improper
handling Of the manpower problem
had resulted in abandonment and
foreclosure of many farms, and he
proposed a moratorium on farm
foreclosures for the duration of the
war.
Chairman Truman of the Senate
War Investigating Committee an
nounced that he would speak in op-
position to the Bankhead measure,
which has the public support of 43
Senators. only six short of ma
jority.
I'VE might as we'll repeal the
Selective Service Act as to amend
it to grant blanket deferments to
any class" Senator Truman told re-
porters. I'VE have got to have food
production, but We have also got to
have an Army to fight with. There
are a lot of technical experts in war
AAiNNoCAACS VIII OukAAG " NC uClcIIcu,
too, but local draft boards ought to
handle all of these cases on the
basis of local conditions.
Senator Ball, Republican, of Min
nesota said he was opposed to the
measure because he believed it
would create a haven for draft
dodgers"
Wickard Favors Using Students.
Secretary of Agriculture Wickard
suggested yesterday that the 48 Gov
ernors order the release of students
from schools in small towns and
rural areas to help plant essential
crops this spring in labor shortage
areas. The proposal was made in a
telegram to the State heads. ,
The House Agriculture Committee,
meanwhile, took action upsetting
Mr.. Wickard's plans to sell 100 ,0OO,-
900 bushels of Government-owned
wheat for livestock feeding at prices
competitive with the present ceiling
level on corn.
Evening star., 1943-03-04
German Slave Labor Numbers
s, 100000, British Estimate
1000, 900 Civilian Workers Believed Taken
From Occupied Lands; 500 900 Are Prisoner:
Associated Press Photo.

tive number is small Shops and
restaurants engage women or men
unfit for other work
Women Reserve Doubtful.
How much labor can be obtained
by drafting women is problema tical,
ministry officials say. Recently Ger
many has been claiming that she
has never come to the straits of
mobilizing her women, as has Eng
land, and that they constitute a
great reserve. But this is all eye
wash, say manpower experts, adding
that smaller percentage of German
women are in war industry, but great
numbers are employed on the land.
Some hint of what is to be ex-
pected. the experts say, may be had
from the German experience last
summer when a request went out
for a half million women for farm
work. Only $4,000 were obtained.
About the same relative success may
be had from the present mobiliza-
ton of women, they believe.
The need for labor is increasing
with decreasing efficiency, of which
a considerable evidence is seeping
out of Germany. In the building
trades and in coal mining there has
been Is per cent loss in output per
man-hour. That is, 125 men are
needed where only 100 were needed
before.
Both these are specialized cases,
say ministry experts, and it is prob
able that the decrease has been less
in less specialized industries. But
there was smuggled into England
just the other day copy of a trade
paper in which Otto Rechling. one
OF Germanys greatest steel mag
mates, complained bitterly over the
policy of taking skilled workers for
the army and leaving him with unfit
men to execute big war orders.
Danish, Italian Supply.
Losses have been SO heavy on the
Russian front that there is nothing
else for Germany to do if she Is to
I'LL the ranks of her shattered armies
for final effort. They now are back
almost entirely on their own popu-
latlon resources. The only other
country from which labor can be
imported is Denmark, and the sup
ply to be expected is small. And
putting unfit Germans to work will
decrease still more labor efficiency.
Italy offers a puzzling problem for
the British analysts an dalso prob
ably for the Germans. Her labor
force is not mobilized. Few more
than 100000 italian workers have
gone to Germany, an din Italy itself,
despite the war effort, there is wide
spread unemployment. For ex-
ample, the Italian textile industry
was reported employing workers only
30 to 36 hours a week, in order To
spread employment.
Evening star., 1943-03-04
Woman Wins Race
With Age Barriers
For Joining WAVES
Contingent Of n,
Including four SPARS,
Leaves for Training

When Mrs Nancy Harper Wheeler
Junior entomologist in the Depart
ment of Agriculture, decided to join
the WAVES. it was close race
whether her son, Thomas, would be-
come 18 years of age, legal mini
mum for WAVES children, before
she reached her 50th birthday, legal
maximum for WAVES.
1T was question of the boy be-
coming old enough while the mother
was still young enough" Mrs.
Wheeler explained laughingfy today
at the Naval Procurement Office
1920 G street NV. He became 18
on February 9 and I am in the
WAVES now. so everything is all
right, but it was very close"
Mrs. Wheeler is the wife of
Charles D. Wheeler, chief legal
record clerk in the District assessor s
office. The couple make their home
at 3408 Oliver street, Chevy Chase.
They have two sons, Neil, q, who
is Coast Guard junior instructor
in Groton, Conn, and another son,
Thomas Sully Wheeler, 18, who has
just been assigned to the Coast
Guard mounted patrol on the coast
OF the Carolinas.
The following young women from
Washington and vicinity will leave
tomorrow for four weeks WAVES
boot" training at Hunter College,
New York: Anna B. Albright, Ada
M. Brown, Dorothy M. Cornwell,
Inez S. Dyer, Notra o. Farrar,
Catherine Frederick, Anne M. Cor
man, Virginia G. Harrington, Sara
U. Jones, Lois Lainhart, Norma J.
Munari, Florence O'Brien, Amelia
Anna O'Hara, Betty R. Smith. Ali
cia A. Taylor, Mary White, Judith
Theresa Wilson and Alice E. Irby.
There are four SPARS in the con-
tingent: Eleanor c. Gran, Eunice
w. Kirkland, Ellen P. Raymond and
Vera L, ReuSchel,
Evening star., 1943-03-04

limited that some such plan might
be adopted here should the con-
sumption of food in dining out"
cut 100 far the rations for homes.
MI. Brown reiterated his deter
mination to hold down all prices
which affect the cost of living and
revealed OPA had declined to per-
NIT a rise in prices of citrus fruits
and new potatoes.
L will say it is our intention to
| hold the line as closely as the
price control statute will allow us
to do." he declared.
Mr.. Brown said former Senator
Herring Of Iowa, recently named
senior OPA assistant to the ad-
minlstrator, will make a study to
determine whether a professional
business advisory form should be
brought in to survey the efficiency
of the OPA organiza ton. He
pointed out that OPA has been sub
! Jected to considerable congressional
criticism and added, Il have formed
/ no opinions AS TO whether or not
our organization is as strong as
1t could be" Mr.. Herring. he con-
cluded, is well qualified for the
job
Point Rationing for Meats.
Reports that civilians will get
an average of only about Ia. pounds
Of meat weekly under rationing
have not been denied officially.
/ Each of the meat, butter. cheese
and fat products is to be assigned
! point values, as in the case of
canned and processed fruits and
vegetables
The points will be interchange
able. That is, a consumer could
! use all his points for the purchase
any one of these commodities or
Tor any combination.
! For example, a consumer could use
all his points for the purchase of
meats if he did not want or need
butter, cheese and cooking fats and
oils. Or If he did not want meats.
he could use all the points for any
Of these other products
/ Rationing of these foods has been
scheduled to start April |, but food
authorities said today it may be
delayed until April Is.
1t was learned that food officials
+ had hoped to handle the rationine
/ of meats, butter and the cooking
/ fats and oils under separate sets Of
/ coupons. However. Ration Book No
/ . was held unsuited for such a plan,
and officials decided that it would
/ take too long to prepare and dis
I tribute new ones, particularly when
supplies of these foods are being
I consumed at a greater rate than the
overall supply situation is believed
/ TO warrant.
The point values of these prod
ucts were not disclosed; neither was
the number of points which will be
assigned each consumer.
Evening star., 1943-03-04
Probe Of All Crashes
OF Army, NavyPIanes
Begun by Senators
Congress to Get Report
Of Principal Causes
Of Accidents
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
A quiet but thoroughgoing in
quiry into the causes of all Army
and Navy plane accidents since the
start of the defense program was
disclosed today to have been initiated
by the Senate War Investigating
Committee.
Chairman Truman refused to dis
cuss the inquiry, which was given
impetus last week when Army off,
cials agreed to give committee inves-
tigators full access to their records.
Other members said they planned
to give Congress report on the
principal causes of all accidents.
particularly in this country, sepa-
rated as to bomber, pursuit and
other types of craft, as we'll as to
their manufacture.
Plane Comparison Sought.
Eve want an analysis of ALL the
records. so we will be able to say
where mechanism was at fault, in
order to compare records of one
make of plane against another one
committee member told reporters.
IF other accidents indicate a need
for charges in the pilot training pro-
gram, we want Congress to know it.
''As far as we can tell, based on
previous information supplied by the
Army and Navy, the percentage OF
accidents is relatively low, but we
want to see that every step Is taken
to reduce them to minimum"
The investigation is expected to
get under way in full force within
week, the Senator said, "and one
investigator already is at work.
Records Made Available.
Senator Truman is known to have
had frequent conferences with War
Department officials recently in an
effort to get what members say Is
the complete picture" Much in
formation has been supplied. How
ever, it was only last week that free
access to all records finally was
agreed to.
When the investigators have COM
pleted their studies in Washington
and elsewhere, hearings may follow,
with top-ranking aviation officers
called before the committee, prob.
ably in executive session.
Evening star., 1943-03-04
BY THOMAS r. HENRY,

LONDON tBy MaiD Germany S
slave labor now numbers approx
mately 5,500,000 brought in from
occupied Europe and put to work in
the Reich.
1t is comprised of about 4,000 900
civilians and 100000 prisoners of
war.
Last year about 100000 new
workers we're imported to free Ger
mans for the army.
These are the latest figures
gathered from a variety of sources
by agents of the Ministry of Eco
nomic Warfare here. The study
has been intensified by the recent
German order for the registration
of all men between Is and IS, and
all women between II and As.
Sources Running Dry.
There has been increasing evil
dence of late, officials of the minis
try assert. that the sources of i'm
ported labor are running dry. The
two greatest reservoirs were France
and the still occupied sections of
Russia. But great numbers of local
workers are needed in beth areas
if farms and factories are to be
exploited for the German war effort
Another factor. these officials say,
is that such vast number of able
bodied men in the Reich. most Of
them dissatisfied, while more and
more Germans are being withdrawn
into the services. constitutes a po-
litical problem of the first magni-
tude. Germany has claimed a labor
supply of about 12,000,O00 This
figure only can be justified. in
formation here indicates, if these
working for Germany in the occu-
pied countries are included.
Considerable study has been de-
voted to the numbers of workers to
be expected from the home popula-
ton with the new draft. So far as
men are concerned. it is calculated
the increment will be small There
are relatively few men left between
16 and IS who are not in the service
or doing essential war work Those
in the so-called luxury trades can
be put at war work, but in any
country, even in peacetime, the rela-
Evening star., 1943-03-04
Hull Note Proposes
Ang|o-U. 5. Farley
On Refugee Problem
WeIIes Reveals Action
To Ease Plight Of Jews
And Others Oppressed

An Anglo American conference at
Ottawa to explore the possibilities
of international action to alleviate
the plight of Jews and other op-
pressed and prosecuted peoples of
Europe has been proposed to Great
Britain by the United States.
The proposal, made by Secretary
of State Hull in a formal note dated
February Is, emphasized that the
refugee problem cannot be solved
satisfactorily by any one govern
ment and calls for intergovern-
mental action on a wide scale.
Acting Secretary of State Welles
made the note public last night
after being asked at press con-
ference for comment on a recent
appeal of Jewish and Christian or
ganizations for immediate steps to
save 100000 Jews in enemy domi-
mated countries from threatened ex-
tinction.
Mr.. Welles said the l1-point pro-
gram recommended by the organi-
zation3 would receive immediate
attention by the State Department
He later conferred with DR.. Chain
Weizmann, president of the Jewish
Agency for Palestine, and Moshe
ShertOk, political leader of the
Jewish agency.
Note Summarizes U. s. Action.
The note to Great Britain sum-
married. the many steps taken by
this Government to aid oppressed
and prosecuted peoples and pointed
out that since the advent of the
Hitler regime more than $4,000
American visas have been issued to
natives or nationals of countries
now dominated by the Axis.
1t also disclosed that the United
States has offered to receive dan
gerous Axis nationals from num-
Der of the American republics where
facilities for the internment or
close safeguarding of such Axis
nationals do not exist" and adds
"A considerable number of such
Axis nationals have thus been
brought to the United States and
arrangements are being made for
the receipt of more of them"
The noue did not propose date
for the Ottawa meeting. but sug-
geste dthat the exploratory talks be
guided by the following considera-
tions:
l. The refugee problem should not
be considered as being confined to
persons of any particular race or
faith.
2. Wherever practicable, in view
of shipping difficulties, arrange
ments should be made for tempo
rarv asylum for refugees as near as
possible to the areas in which those
people find themselves at the pres
ent time"
May Involve Cost of Support.
g. Maintenance of refugees in
neutral countries may involve the
port until they can be repatriated.
Mr.. Shertok told reporters he had
come from Palestine to confer with
DR.. Weizmann and others on action
ito save the Jews in Europe" and
"to prepare the ground for solving
the Jewish problem at the end OF
the war" when the agency wants
Palestine established as a Jewish
commonwealth"
In a speech in the House, mean
while, Representative Dickstein
Democrat, of New York urged that
this country lead a movement to
save and salvage" prosecuted
groups abroad
He said approximately 10000 Jews
in concentration camps in Rumania
could be released and sent to
Palestine by agreement, If the United
States took the lead in such a move
ment.
Evening star., 1943-03-04
Two NetherIunders
Executed as Suboteurs
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
LONDON, March 4.-The execu-
ton of two Netherlands citizens on
charges of sabotage, leading illegal
Communist groups and distributing
melting pamphlets was announced
today by DNB, the German news
agency, in a broadcast recorded here
by Aneta, the Netherlands news
agency.
The German broadcast said the
men were Hendrix Molenksmp of
Utrecht and Pieter Franciscus van
den Kan of Delft. 1t reported that
they were sentenced, to death by
a German court in The Hague Feb
ruary 2.
Evening star., 1943-03-04
Situation Reversed
As Man Replaces
WAAC at Desk
By the Associated Press

BY the Associated Press.
WAACS have been replacing
men in Army desk positions, but
now a man replaced a WAAC!
First Officer Dorothy Jane
Donlon for several months has
headed the Office of Technical
Information in WAAC head
quarters. Now she's gone to
Salt Lake City to take charge
Of WAAC public relations in
eight Western States. Capt.
Vann Kennedy was called in
from the WAAC training center
at Fort Des Moines, where he
was in charge of public rela-
tions. to succeed First Officer
Donlon.
Evening star., 1943-03-04
Delivery by Carrier

The production of news
print has been reduced by
10 per cent and all news
papers have been rationed.
Delivery by carrier will
insure receiving your Star
every evening and Sunday
morning. Telephone Ma
tiOnal 5000.
Evening star., 1943-03-04
BY TOM YARRROUGH,
Associated Press War Correspondent.

SOMEWHERE IN NEW GUINEA,
March 3 DelayedD An officer at
5th Air Force headquarters looked
up smiling tonight from a stack of
reports on the smashing Allied VIC
tory over japanese convoy in the
Bismarck Sea and said: The folks
back home aren't going to believe
this when they see it in the papers. "
IT'S Incredible" he continued.
I'VE destroyed more ships than the
total number of men we lost"
l listened to the radio conversation
among the members of a FLYING
Evening star., 1943-03-04
9 Killed us Wall CoIIupses

WATERFORD, Fire, March 4 (P).
Nine persons were killed, II, were
injured and two reported missing
today when a portion of a 6O-foot
wall surrounding Waterford prison
collapsed on an adjoining row OF
houses.
Evening star., 1943-03-04
Congress in Brief
BY the Associated Press.

Senate:
In recess until Friday.
Small Business Committee calls
Col. Robert Johnson, Smaller War
Plants, Corp. head, and WPB Vice
Chairman Charles E. Wilson.
Military Affairs Committee hears
Grenville Clark on total mobiliza-
ton legislation.
House:
Begins debate on $4,000, ,OO0, 900
naval appropriation bill
Naval Affairs Committee continues
hearings on "absenteeism.
Evening star., 1943-03-04
Firemen's Auxiliary to Meet

The Ladies Auxiliary of the Prince
Georges County Volunteer Firemen's
Association will meet at 5 80 o'clock
tonight in the Masonic Hall.
Evening star., 1943-03-04
Report for Last "a Hours.
Record for Last 81 Hon,

Record for Last "a Hours
From noon yesterday to noon today)
Hishest. 30. at . pm. year ago. 40.
Lowest, ] |, at 6,l5 am, year AGO 35
Record Temperatures This Year.
Highest, "a on January l..
Lowest Il. on February 15.
Humidity for Last - Hours
From noon Yesterday to noon today)
Highest. 30 per cent at 2:3O pm
Lowest. 81 per cent, at :, 80 am.
Evening star., 1943-03-04
Weather Report

ather
District OF CoumbaNot DEGREES
gentle to - 0
Maryland and na-No tonight
Evening star., 1943-03-04
River Report
The Sun and Moon.

Monthly precipitation in inches in tn,
capital tcurrent month to date):
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-04-27
People
You Know
Silent Drama Of Life
In 3O-Second Incident
BY WILLIAM FLEMING

AND NOT A WORD WAS
SPOKEN: Siami BackOnen, one
of the secretaries in the prosecu-
tors office, was walking TO work
the other morning.
AS she started TO cross the street
near the police station the fire
department roared by. One of the
men on the last engine, just as it
passed Miss Backonen, lost his
helmet. She picked il up, looked
after the engine, wondering what
TO do with it.
Just then DSR bus stopped,
the driver opened the window, held
out his hand. Miss Backonen
handed him the helmet and he
drove off after the fire depart
ment. 1t all happened in less than
30 seconds -. and not a word
was spoken.
Easter Sunday was also Christ
mas for Bob Roche 2O-Vear-old