davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-07-19
Stains Recall of : Enyoys
Seen as Sign of DispIeosure

him "characted" in London society.
The Soviet Ambassador habit OF
offering apples and vodka to the
British visitors who happen to call
at the tea hour was 4 subject of
London anecdotes. Even the most
conserva tive circles in the British
capital did not ignore the Soviet
envoy. During the most intimate
period of Soviet-Nazi collaboration,
Mr., Maisky remarked to a foreign
diplomat stationed in London three
duchesses have just invited me to
dinner, one after the other. The
British must be really worried"
The Maiskys became an accepted
part of London's social and diplo-
matte life. but never lost sight OF
the fact that they represented the
foremost revolutionary power in the
world.
The wife of a Central European
diplomat now stationed in Washing
ton remembers an "at home" which
she attended at the Soviet Embassy
in London. 1t occurred shortly after
one of the flercest Nazi air attacks
on the British capital. The English
women present were commenting on
the fact that the German bombers
had concentrated on the poorer
sections of London in order to stir
up class hatred.
Nine. Maisky with a disarming
smile remarked: THE Nazis don't
know how very difficult it is to start
revolution in England"
Released by the Bell Syndicate, Ine)
Evening star., 1943-07-19
German Morale Nav Break

try when it is losing. He would
rather live, and help build up
strength for another day when
the fatherland can win.
Germany May Collapse.
In this respect he may be
much smarter than the average
Englishman or Scot. It is a mat
ter Of opinion. The important
thing about all this now is not
whether 1t is commendable or
not. but how 1t may affect the
course of events.
Many students Of the situa-
ton believe Germany will COL
lapse shortly after the German
people as a whole realize they
cannot win this war. When
will that be?
That is the cheerful element
In the present picture. 1t Is
difficult to figure how the aver
age German will think his coun-
try can win this war if, as next
winter comes on, Hitler has not
beaten the Russians, and if, at
the same time, the Allied
strength attacking is obviously
getting heavier.
Sicily Offers Key.
The start Of the Nazi offensive
against Russia has not been i'm
pressive. The failure of the Ger
mans to put thousands of planes
into the Tunisian campaign was
highly significant AS this Is
written. the Germans have not
seemed to do what might be ex-
pected in Sicily. The thing to
watch is how many planes they
send down there.
Unless they send tremendous
air strength to the Sicilian bat
tie 1t Is just a question of time.
Sardinia may be next. It fits in
with the plan for making sure
that the Mediterranean is safe
for Allied supply lines. 1t makes
little difference what the plans
are about the mainland Of Italy,
If Germany won't fight for Sicily,
1t won't fight for the heel of the
Italian boot. Take your map and
see how close that heel is to the
Rumanian oil fields!
(Released by The Bell Syndicate. Inc
Evening star., 1943-07-19

are doing exceedingly we'll In
Sicily and our aviation is blasting
italy to blazes. The submarines
in the Atlantic have been sub
dued. temporarily at least.
All is going better than "ac-
cording to plan" But the main
thing is the Eastern front. Is
the Russian offensive a real all
out drive or is 1t only a local
operation to obtain more elbow
room for the Soviet armies?
Are the Nazis really being
driven back by what may become
another Russian steamroller or
are these battles greatly exag-
gerated?
1t is difficult even for those In
key positions to give a correct
answer when they have little
more than oficial communicates
to work on.
Is Soviet Offensive Real?
There has been a strange shift
OF scene in the last 10 days.
Whereas until recently Moscow
kept asking about a second
'front.'" the United States and
Britain now are scanning the
Eastern front with anxious eyes
and asking, "Is Russia making
a real offensive?"
The entire strategy Of the Al
lies depends on the answer to
that question.
We have gone into Sicily and
there Is not the slightest doubt
that we shall take the island in
less time than we anticipated.
A few weeks ago, whenever the
Sicilian operation was discussed
the question asked here was
Where do we go from there?"
There Is an answer today, If the
offensive on the Eastern front
Is not purely local.
Should the Nazis become en-
gagged In a real life-and-death
battle with the Russians, the Al
lies in the West could have a
field day in Italy and could
easily figure on entering France
through the back door, the road
Of the Maritime Alps.
Evening star., 1943-07-19
BY CARTER FIELD.

Many Government officials
think it is almost unpatriotic to
be cheerful about the progress
of the war. Their position is
understandable. They are afraid
that if too many people begin
thinking the war is almost
over" they will relax in their
work, in bond buying. and ex-
pand in their wolfing about this
or that which they want and
cannot get.
But the news is cheerful, and
the long-range view is still more
COMMUNICATIONS is thinking
exclusively about the progress of
the war, and not about the diff
flculties and privations at home.
For the troubles at home will
be with us for some time. AS
we slowly win the war, the need
to supply food and almost every
thing else to the occupied coun-
tries will continue to put an
enormous strain on our produc-
tive capacity. Also we will be
paying for much of the bun
Cling, particularly about food pro-
duction, for which the Govern
ment is responsible.
Bright Spot Is German Morale.
The bright side of the war
picture is due chiefly to the mo-
rale factor - inside Germany.
Never mind about Italy, it is
Germany that is important.
Japan, yes, but that will not be
affected by any morale factor
unless all our students of the
Japanese are wrong, and prob
ably they are precisely correct.
But we know from every war
which Germany has fought that
the Germans, as nation, are
very smart in reading the i'm
mediate future. They are not
given to fighting for lost causes.
They may be biding their time,
but the idea of fighting to the
last man does not appeal to
them.
The German is perfectly will
ing to die for the fatherland if
the fatherland is winning. He
Is not willing to die for his coun-
Evening star., 1943-07-19

There have been many other ex-
amples in many other States and
it has become almost routine for
Presidential candidates to have
campaign brain trusts. Wendell
Willkie had one and 50 did Alfred
Landon. However, no President
ever had so large a brain trust or
leaned on it so heavily as this Presi-
dent.
The original head of the Roose-
welt brain trust was Raymond Moley.
But. after several years, it developed
that DR.. Moley had too much brains
to believe in the New Deal policies
and the headship passed to. Harry
Hopkins. who believes in anything
Mr.. Roosevelt believes in.
Team Appears.
However, Mr.. Hopkins is the
courtier rather than the intellectual
type and soon leadership among the
Idea men" passed to the firm of
Tommy" Corcoran and Benny"
Cohen, around which clustered other
enthusiastic and confused young
liberals" attracted by the oppor-
tunity to conduct socialistic expert
ments with the taxpayers money.
But, Mr.. Corcoran dealt the second
brain trust . terrible blow when,
soon after having been widely pub
ncized as an "unselfish ideanst" who
cared nothing for money. he sud-
denly joined the ranks of the lawyer
lobbists and became notably sue
cessful.
For quite some time after Mr..
Corcoran began to clean up" the
deserted and damaged brain trust
ers were In a state Of demoralized
obscurity. None retired from the
pay roll but they were leaderless
and upset. Some were mortified;
some were envious and some were
sore.
Now Tucked Away.
Until recently, they kept out Of
the public eye, appeared to have lost
their influence as White House ad-
visers and the newspapers ceased
referring to them. Now, according
to the exceedingly factual United
States News, what appears to be the
third brain trust has arisen. Its
members are unobtrusively tucked
away in key positions in the war
agencies and have become very in
huential, indeed.
Though none Of them is head of
his particular agency, all of them
guide policies and make decisions
on domestic issues, and most of
them are able to get to the Presi-
Evening star., 1943-07-19
BY HELEN LOMBARD,

Washington diplomatic observers
habltually read into Soviet diplo-
matte moves, more than appears
upon the surface.
The news that Ivan Maisky, the
U. S. S. R. Ambassador to London
has been ordered back to Moscow
to report" is giving color to the
rumors that followed the departure
OF Ambassador Maxim Litvinof]
from Washington.
The temporary removal Of these
two key Ambassadors is interpreted
as a sign of Premier Stalin's active
| displeasure with the strategy of wal
as conceived by the United States
and Great Britain.
The betting here is that both Mr.
Litvinoff and Mr. Maisky. will re-
! main in Moscow for SOME time tc
come.
The Soviet Embassy in Washing
eSAi' SfAiL "llC1l Vic falIlDdSSdQOI WdS
present, took no active part-out
side of an occasional reception-in
the social life of Washington.
In London the story is somewhat
different. Mr. Maisky was in Lon
don while Russia was the ally OF
Germany. He remained in the
British capital during that difficult
diplomatic period and stayed on te
represent the new policy inaugu-
rated by the British-Soviet alliance
The British are physically closer
to the war than we are and they are
apt to be more realistic about diplo-
matte problems. During the period
of great strain. when Moscow and
Berlin appeared to be closer, Mr.
Maisky was not ostracized in Lon
don. On the contrary, there was a
definite effort to win the u S. S. r
Ambassador into the Allied camp.
=, -: =
Evening star., 1943-07-19
CoIored Troops Reported
Subjected to Violence

A report that civilian violence
against colored soldiers is continuing
unabated has been issued by the
National Lawyers Guild here.
Based on study made by William
n. Hastie. national vice president OF
the Guild and former civilian aide
to the Secretary of War, the report
contends that Civilian violence, par
ticularly by police officials, against
the Negro soldier continues unabated
and may we'll be the greatest single
factor now operating to make 13-
100000 Negroes bitter and resentful
and to undermine the fighting spirit
OF three-quarters of a million Me-
groes in arms"
The report accuses the ATTORNEY
General with failure to prosec1,ts
under the Federal civil rights stat
utes IN cases Of violence bv stat.
ofncials against colored soldiers
Evening star., 1943-07-19

One thing must not be go
looked-in the present Mediter-
ranean campaign and even later
If we were to go into Italy, only
relatively small forces will be en-
gagged.
IL Divisions in Sicily.
In Sicily the fighting involved
not more than IL divisions, a
force equal to one which is hold
ing an unimportant sector on
the Eastern front. Should the
Allies decide to move into Italy
and meet Nazi-1talian opposi-
ton, it is unlikely that more
than go or 70 divisions will be
engaged on both sides.
The forces likely to become
engaged on the Russian front
amount to at least 500 divisions
and probably more. There it Is
where the real battle of the year
may come. 1t is difficult to
formulate an opinion about what
is happening in the East. The
communiques talk about man.
moth battles, but 1t is much too
early to determine whether the
Russians intend to straighten
their line or whether they mean
to make a large-scale summer
offensive.
In view of the comparatively
small forces which we have at
our disposal in the Mediter-
ranean, 1t is essential for the
Allied strategists to have
clearer picture of the situation
In Russia.
We have sufficient strength,
particularly If we take into con-
sideration our air superiority,
to smash into italy and France
provided the Nazis are hemmed
in on the Eastern front and are
not in position to remove sub
stantial air and ground force for
the defense of Southern Europe.
Possible Complication Seen.
However, should the Germans
be able to withdraw divisions and
planes from the East, the prob
lem would Immediately become
dangerously complicated for the
Allies.
The Nazis can transport their
reinforcements by rail and plane.
They have good system Of COM
munications between East, West
and South. On the other hand,
we must bring In our reinforce
ments and supplies by water
almost 1000 miles from our main
bases. Therein lies the enemy's
advantage.
Hence, unless we are firmly
convinced that the Russian
steamroller is going to work and
keep every Axis division on the
Eastern front fighting for it's
life, 1t would be taking undue
risks to begin major military
operations In Southern Europe.
Evening star., 1943-07-19

Of Congress and all four have been
equipped with a New Deal brain
truster as policy maker. Maybe
this arrangement will be as bene-
fetal from the public as it undoubt-
edly is from the Administration
viewpoint. At any rate. the people
are entitled to see it as 1t is.
Certainly, it does not refute the
charge that the President has failed
to enlist the service of the best
available men in the country. re-
gardless of politics, for these ex-
tremely vital Jobs,
Evening star., 1943-07-19

and then put In as their deputies
these young intellectuals to guide
them.
Mr.. Byrnes, head Of the Office of
War Mobilization, was a former
Senator whom the President put on
the Supreme Court. Economic Sta
bihzer Vinson is an ex-member of
the House whom Mr.. Roosevelt made
a Federal judge. So was Mr.. Jones,
the food administrator. Mr.. Brown,
OF the OPA, was Democratic Sen
ator defeated In the last election.
All four were New Deal members
Evening star., 1943-07-19
I he Great Game of Politics.

dent easier and more often than
their own chiefs.
Among those whom the United
States News lists are Benjamin
Cohen. chief deputy to Mr.. Bynres,
Of the WMB; Richard Gilbert, right
hand man to Prentiss Brown of the
OPA; Mordecai Ezekiel, who is be-
hind Judge Marvin Jones, the new
Food Administrator. Then, there
is also Wayne Coy, assistant di-
rector of the budget, and the 27-
year -old Edward Pitchard, former
law clerk to Justice Frankfurter,
who advises Fred Vinson, new head
of the Board of Economic Stabili-
zation.
Neither Mr.. Hopkins nor David
Niles, of the White House staff, are
put in as brain trusters. They are
fourth-term strategists, Mr.. Hop
kins, living in the White House, be-
ing the chief strategists, and Mr..
Niles his leg man.
Ardent New Dealers.
OF the real brain trusters. Mr..
Cohen, in former days. was Mr..
Corcoran's teammate and has been
greatly chagrined by the conduct
of his erstwhile comrade. Mr.. Gill
bert was formerly attached to the
ebullient Leon Henderson and is an
enthusiastic pump primer. Mr..
Ezekiel Is an ardent young expert
menter who was in the old AAA and
is regarded as very far to the left,
indeed.
Aside from the fact that all these
young men are the most ardent
kind OF New Dealers who feel, as
does Attorney General Biddle, that,
war or no war, the social gains"
of the New Deal must be extended
and that the political front at home
is second only to the military front
abroad-aside from that, there are
several interesting things about the
present operations of the third brain
trust.
For one, its members exercise
great authority with hardly any
public responsibility, keeping we'll
behind the agency heads and out
of the public eye. For another, none
of them was personally picked by
his respective chief.
Their respective chiefs had moth
ing whatever to do with their selec-
ton. They either found them there
when they took hold or accepted
them in response to White House
suggestion. For still another, they
are able to see the President when
members of Congress cannot and, in
some instances, when their own
agency heads cannot. This hardly
seems a salutary thing. not matter
from what angle it is viewed.
Reaction in Congress.
The charge has been made that
this group was partly responsible
for driving Chester Davis out of his
job; that he found they were laying
down food policies without consulta-
ton with him and that they could
get to Mr.. Roosevelt and he could
not.
The United States News presents
a number of highly confusing de-
cisions which 1t asserts were made
individually by members of the
group and concerning which the
head men knew little or nothing.
Before recessing, members of Con-
gress were beginning to voice an in
creasing distaste for this brain trust
setup, but there was nothing they
could do about it,
Very clearly, it is settled policy
Of the President to head these vital
domestic war agencies with former
members of Congress friendly to him
Evening star., 1943-07-19

adviser in poll
tics and public
a t + irs long
b e fore Mr..
Roosevelt be
came President.
AS far back as
1917 q group of
y ou ng m e n
around the late
Gov. Ritchie of
Maryland used,
fatteringly, to
refer to them
selves as his
brain trust
Evening star., 1943-07-19

boys In khaki In
this theater Of
war. During the
last war there
" as a SON e
" h | c h a ed
How are you
going to keep
'em down on the
t a r m a fter
t h e v v e S e e n
Paree?"
w e ! !, t h e
Amer an SOL
dierS in this war
alrea DIV have
Evening star., 1943-07-19

chances for
an early end
Of the war
across tn e
A t ! a n t ic,
CO m p e tent
w a shington
o b s e rv RS
point to the
map showing
the Russian
front. There,
they say, Is
the key to
: the situation.
Evening star., 1943-07-19

to them against
the risks of for
NAL cooperation
with a Presi-
dent.
Not only was
1t bad Judgment
for Vice Presi-
dent Wallace to
put him S e ! t
even temporarily
IN the executive
b r a n c h of
Government in
charge of an
Evening star., 1943-07-19
By FRANK r. KENT.

The term brain trust" like the
term kitchen cabinet" is of un-
certain origin, but 1t was derisively
used to describe certain type of
Evening star., 1943-07-19
This Changing World

BY CONSTANTINE BROWN
In answer to all the eager
questions about what is going to
happen this year on the battle
fields Of Europe and what are the
Evening star., 1943-07-19

HE opinions OF the rters this page o1cn
necessarily The Stars Such opinions presented in The
Stars effort to giDe all sides OF questions interest
readers although such opinions be contradictory among
themselves and directly opposed to The Stars.
Evening star., 1943-07-19
McLenore
Discusses Postwar
Reudiustment Period
BY henry McLEM0RE,

LONDON.-I am not trying to cry
about the new "lost generation" but
cannot help thinking about 1t Just
the same as watch the American
Evening star., 1943-07-19
A CHANGE OF HEART:

Tlly the Trolley is meeting new admirers
every day. Many of these were former pa
irons Of Billy the Bus and hardly gave Tilly
a thought til the scarcity of gasoline struck
home. But they wanted to help Billy con-
serve war-needed gasoline and war-needed
rubber.
Evening star., 1943-07-19
Humiliation
EServes as
Warning
By DAVID LAWRENCE.

Long after the details of the Wal
face-Jones controversy are forgot
ten, future Vice Presidents will re-
member the episode as a warning
Evening star., 1943-07-19

And -. Street Car line being within easy
walking distance, they went over and gave
the nod to Tilly. They've been doing it ever
since; their friends, and their friends friends
are Joining up" with them. OF all the plans
we've heard for defeating the enemy, this is
the surest for winning in Walk. If you
could use Street Cat, instead of Bus, why
don't you?
Speaking about a change of heart, do you
know that Tilly the Trolley has her heart
removed periodically? Every IS to 100 thou
sand miles she must be hospitalized and have
Evening star., 1943-11-26
Sale Of Yu|e Seals
Heavy in Alexandra
More Thon Double
Lost Years Returns

First sales of Christmas seals for
the Alexandra tuberculosis Asso-
ciaton show a great increase over
returns for the same period last
year, Thomas c. Graham, chair
man OF the advance sale. reported
yesterday. He said $3O6 so had been
received to date, compared with $l20
In 1912.
Andrew w. Clarke, campaign
chairman, said funds received in the
first two. days of the general sale
amounted to 1923, as compared with
s432 In the first two days of last
years drive.
The association sent out $4,000
envelopes, each containing two
sheets of seals. The work was done
by so Girl Scouts, representing seven
OF the city's troops. National Girl
scout headquarters in New York
has approved badge to be pre-
sented to girls who have given 10
hours or more of service for tuber-
culosis work during the year.
Mr.. Clarke, who served as chair
man for last years campaign, when
Alexandria won the Virginia Tuber-
culosis Associations silver cup for
the second time for the greatest
Improvement in sales said that
IL 500 letters were sent out last wear
Increased purchases by firms and
organizations have been reported by
the members Of the Advance Sale
Committee which includes IS mem
bers.
Evening star., 1943-11-26
lsWRshoniinq
.Reminders@l)

Canned and Frozen Foods, Etc
Book No. 4, green stamps A. B and
c valid through December 20.
Stamps D, E and F will become
valid December ! and remain good
through January TO-
Meats, Fats, Etc.-Book No. 3, G, H
j and K brown stamps valid
through December 4. Stamp L
valid through January /. Stamp
M becomes valid November %.
Sugar-Stamp 20 In Book No. 4 good
for S pounds through January IS.
Shoes-Stamp No. 10 in Book No.
and stamp / on the "airplane"
sheet Of Book No. valid now for
an indefinite period.
Gasoline-No. 8 A coupons good for
3 gallons each until February 8.
B and G coupons good for 2 gall
Ions each.
Tire Inspection Deadlines-For @
coupon holders, November 30; for
A coupon holders. March 81, 1914.
Fue! Oil-Period No. / coupons, good
Tor 10 gallons q unit, valid now,
expire January 8. According to
the District OPA, consumers in
this area should not have used
more than IL per cent of their
total yearly fuel oil ration as OF
November "a.
Evening star., 1943-11-26
Services Set Tomorrow
For Fred WuImsIey

Funeral services for Fred Walm-
sley, IS, who died Wednesday at his
home, 1901 Chevy Chase boulevard,
after long illness, will take place
at 9 am. tomorrow at Our Lady of
Lourdes Catholic Church, Bethesda.
Burial will be in st. Mary's Gene
terry, near Rockville.
Mr.. Walmsley was born in Eng
land and, before moving to Bethesda
II years ago, lived here. He is sur
vived by two daughters, Mrs. Sarah
Dean and Miss Mary Walmsley, both
of Bethesda; three sisters, three
brothers, three granddaughters and
a great-grandson. He belonged to
the Holy Name Society of Our Lady
OF Lourdes Church. He had been in
the roofing business for many years.
Evening star., 1943-11-26
kary|and-D. {. Union Hits
Antisubddy Vote in House

By the Associated Press.
The Maryland and District of Co.
lumbia Industrial Union Council
urged all its CIO-affiliated unions
today to protest to the three Mary
land Representatives who voted
against consumers subsidies.
A letter to all CIO unions in the
area, sent out by Secretary Treas
ured Sidney r. Katz, also asked that
Senators Tydings and Radcliffe
Democrats, of Maryland be urged to
support the subsidy program, which
was defeated in the House this week.
Mr.. Katz declared that Tuesday
the day of the House vote-was "a
black and gloomy day in the history
of American democracy, for 278 Con-
gressmen, elected to represent the
people of the United States I"
said that they were willing to wreck
the stabilization program which is
necessary in order to maintain our
wartime economy"
The letter praised the three Mary
land House members who voted for
subsidies: Representatives DAlesan-
dro, Democrat; Ellison, Republican,
and SaSScer, Democrat.