davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-09
District Bill No. !

Chairman Randolph of the House
District Committee is right in placing
amendment of the District Unem-
ployment Compensation Act as No. l
on the calendar OF needed local
legislation.
The District is now collecting an
excessive payroll tax for unemploy-
ment, for the amount of tax exceeds
the need for which it is collected.
The reserve fund accumulated
through this tax has lost all proper
ton to the benefit payments made
from the fund. For the past five
years, four times as much money has
been paid into the fund as has been
paid out in benefits. If all tax pay
ments stopped Immediately, the re-
serve fund is so large that benefits
at the present rate could be paid out
for eighteen years without another
cent added to the reserve.
Taxpayers in the District are not
advocating elimination of the tax,
or any injury to the sound principle
Of insurance against unemployment.
They do not ask for anything that
the States themselves, under the ma
tional act and with the required ap-
ptoval of the Social Security Board,
are not doing or have not done.
The tax rates for unemployment
insurance payments were not de-
signed to be fixed and permanent.
The national act provides that on the
basis Of experience gained, the rates
may be reduced. Thirty -four of the
fifty-one jurisdictions covered by un-
employment compensation legislation
have reduced their rates on the basis
Of experience in benefit payment
demand: four others have provided
for such reduction within a specified
time. twelve of the remaining thir-
teen are making studies on which
such reductions. If feasible, will be
based.
There has been relatively little, If
any, opposition to reduction Of the
tax rate In the District. Practically
all interests agree on the need for
reducing the tax rate. The differ
ence of opinion is over the method
chosen to reduce the rate-whether
reductions are to be based on the
relationship between funds paid in
by classes of employers and funds
paid out; or whether there should be
a horizontal reduction applying to
all taxpayers.
The District asks Congress, par
ticularly the District Committee of
the House, which will initiate the
legislation, to act as a local legis-
lature would act If considering this
question for voting taxpayers in a
State. That will mean adoption of
the best plan for reducing the tax.
The District thus far has suffered
from an inability to secure such &C
ton by Congress as a local legisla-
ture. Mr.. Randolph's pledge that
action will be taken. and soon, is
most ENCOURAGING.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-09
Higher Wuqe Pressure

The wage policy announced by the
executive board Of the Congress of
Industrial Organizations reflects a
more reasonable attitude than that
taken by John L. Lewis of the United
Mine Workers and certain Of the
railroad employe groups.
Mr.. Lewis and the railroad workers,
by demanding wage increases far in
excess Of the advance in living costs,
apparently have decided that infla-
ton is inevitable and are determined
to get theirs while the getting is
good"
The CLIO has taken a more mod
crate position, reaffirming It's support
of national wage sterilization as a
war measure and asserting its con-
tinued willingness to submit wage
disputes to the War Labor Board
for final determination. But the CLIO
also insists that the board must
revise its little steel wage formula,
based on the cost Of living as OF last
May, to allow for an advance in living
costs since that time. In other words,
the CLIO, while not seeking to improve
peacetime standards, demands that
there be no wartime reduction in the
living standards of its members.
This runs directly contrary to the
Presidents warning to labor that,
during the war, its standard of living
must come down, and 1t also ignores
the economic fact that peacetime
standards cannot be maintained in
contracting war economy. Further
more, ii the CLIO were to have its
way, the gain for its membership
would have to be at the expense of
the rest of the country-a circum-
stance which would put labor in the
position of seeking the preferred
treatment that 1t properly would
deny to others.
Finally, there are two aspects of
the CLIO statement which are worthy
Of special attention. One is the
demand that higher wages be paid
through direct Government subsidies
to businesses which cannot afford
! higher costs. Thus, In this respect,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-09
Bringing Ii Home

Aside from its simplicity, it's fair
ness and its effectiveness in produc-
ing needed revenue. the Ruml pay
as-you-go plan Of income taxation
has another advantage which has not
received the discussion it deserves.
This advantage lies in bringing the
cost OF Government home to the tax
payer.
Under our system of taxation, most
Of the Government revenue is OBJ
tanned by taxes which are concealed
from the average taxpayer, or by
borrowing which does not touch him
Immediately. Until heavy war taxa
ton was begun. merely fraction Of
the Nations population paid any
direct taxes on income. To the vast
majority of citizens, cost of National
Government was as meaningless as
the symbols chosen to express the
size of the national debt
Suppose income taxes were COL
lected out Of pay envelopes, week by
week. That is the method by which
most taxes. at least, would be COL
lected under the Ruml plan. tied up
with a system of collection at the
source. Suppose the increasing cost
of Government could be expressed,
not In hundreds of millions or bill
lions of dollars (terms which have no
meaning to the average person., but
by the extra fifty cents or dollar to
come out of pay envelope. Could
there be stronger, more effective
brake on the extravaganza of Gov
eminent?
Governmental extravaganza or
waste is possible as long as the
effects Of waste and extravaganza
mean nothing to the average citizen
They would mean something if they
were reflected Immediately in the
pay envelope of the man who, one
way or another, eventually must pay
the bill. And there is no reason why
a careful Government should fear to
bring home the cost to its citizens.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-09

These moderns have no sense OF
cannot construct one. either long or
short.
Where most listeners fall down IS in
feeling that, somehow, melody is
something to be ashamed Of They feel
this way because their only idea of
melody is simple melody.
1t takes many years and much study
for even musician to realize that the
term melody" includes long and short,
complex and simple; that it ranges from
symphony to "hillbilly" tune.
There are Western ballads which are
not good melodies-and there are SYM
phonies which are merely sounds.
To have real melody beneath all OF
them, the composer or music maker,
must think in terms of melody. There
is no other way, unless he chooses to
come off second best. For search the
music OF all lands, and of all times,
from high to low, and you will see that
the remembered ones are those which
solIic way AidiidSc W convey tIliS SellSe
Of melody
To be ashamed OF writing a tune is
the same as being ashamed of writing
simply. Some persons, OF course, do not
write simply, because they do not have
their ideas we'll in hand before they
start to write. 1t Is the same with
music. One may suspect that many Of
the ultra modern composers, who might
have sneered at Victor Herbert, were
hazy about what they wanted to put
down. How could they create real
music. when the we'll springs of melody
were lacking?
simple tunes.
They know, through instinct, II you
will, that music is melody, or song.
Every phase, rightly heard, Is an
attempt to make a tune.
Beethoven could do no more Happily
he understood this matter. and refined
1t to point where even the dullest
musical perception understands that
great music also may be tunefui music.
The greatest single step toward the
real appreciation of music Is to stop
being ashamed Of melody, as too many
listeners and even musicians are.
1t is possible to understand music by
listening to bird song. You do not
have to have a symphony.
The cardinals spring song will do
very nicely.
From there to q symphony is not
such step as some might think. who
do not understand rightly the place OF
melody In music
The cardinal is a great singer. That
means he is a great musician, or melody
maker
Out Of the snow and sleet-if he Is
we'll fed-he can bring music to cheer
the world Of fighting men.
Maybe in time men can bring peace
and love out Of fire and destruction.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-09
THIS AND THAT
BIZ Charles Z. TracereN,

Cardinals out our way did not wait
for February to begin to sing their
famous spring song.
They began in January. when sleet
and snow covered the ground.
There was no mistaking that cheer.
cheer, cheer" which rang out for the
whole world to hear.
Perhaps the world was too engrossed
with the sound of bursting shells to hear.
Perhaps some listeners, with ears
attuned to music, heard and appreciated.
There is a twofold purpose in all music,
to make music and to have 1t heard.
Which is the most important will depend
on the music maker.
The birds out our way, where many
feeding stations are in operation, did
not mind the bad weather.
They waxed fat. as the Bible puts it.
But what OF all the other birds, in
places where no one thinks to put out
bread crumbs?
And how about those feeding stations.
crusted over with cake Of ice, through
which no bill or claw could reach?
Birds are amazingly persistent. II
there is a chance OF pecking their way
through to food, they will do it.
Ordinary snow does not offer them
however, put neat layer of Ice over
everything, and then covered that with
snow, as a sort Of natural frosting
One may wonder ii the idea of FROST
ing for cake came from observation
of nature.
The cardinals spring song" turns
the mind to thinking about music
Music is, at bottom, melody The
greatest musicians have been the melody
makers.
Any one who cares to dispute this
simple fact simply has a too limited
idea Of the term melody"
There are melodies and melodies,
some Of them simple, some Of them
fairly complex, some Of them very COM
plicated.
They are ALL however, melodies.
Most of the birds use simple melodies
Some Of them are masters and make
up very complex ones. Only persons
who listen long and we'll will understand
that the song sparrow. for instance, has
many melodies, and that they are far
from simple.
The mockingbird, and the catbird
cousins in melody making, use long
drawn-out melodies, rs complicated q.
. sonata.
y
Melody, we believe, is the very basis
Of all music.
The term includes rhythm, and all
the other components Of musical con-
struction.
The thing that distinguishes the So
called modern music" from older music
Is that 1t Is lacking in melody.
In any program one hears on the air
when the modern music makers come
In, the melody goes out the window.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-09

all pleasure driving, SO that enough gas
might be available for work driving this
winter: but during September, October
and November OPA ofhcials, from top
down, announced that there was no gas
shortage, and that "A" book coupons
could be used for any kind of driving
the owner desired to do.
We stopped pleasure" driving back in
September, and between August and the
date of the pleasure driving ban. We used
less than so per cent of the mileage al
lowed for non-essential driving. such as
visiting sick friend, making a special
trip to the store that could have been
put of, driving to church, etc. It has
been inconvenient. but inconvenience
shouldn't bother any Of us.
When, however, the rules and regula-
lions become so rigid that the limit Of
allowance is the same for the person
whose work driving" is Z to miles
per day and the person whose work.
driving is around ~ miles per day; when
six-passenger cars. bearing &C" stickers
roll around with only the driver in them
while three-passenger car carries three
passengers, but has to tie up for three
and = half weeks out OF the 10; when
such restrictions prevent some people
from getting to store in time to buy q
reasonable amount Of balanced food
really, IL pounds OF beef in four months,
and one-half pound of bacon donated
by friend in three months, is not rea-
sonable-and, in addition, have to leave
soiled linens in the closet for the three
and half weeks because they live too
far from q feeder bus line-OPA Is lust
taking the slums out to the suburbs.
Moreover, 1t is not conducive to morale
or health. Frankly, one may stand con-
siderable in the way Of physical hardship,
even when health Is not the best, gen.
orally; but people engaged in mental
work, who are forced to put in IA to IA.
hours, six days week, will be nervous
wrecks in another six months If the Hem
derson policy is continued. Physical ex-
haustion brings sleep, but nervous ex-
haustion doesnt-and you know it.
1t may be perfectly clear to Harvard
graduate Of the school Of accounting that
VIC OcSo way W LldAc Tic gas 20 around
Is to limit It's use to 40 miles per month,
but If you have to drive $50, you just can
not put the other $50 on shelf and tell
yourself 1t Is not there. OF course, II
you have = neighbor who also owns car,
each gets enough units for 40, or q total
Of $40: and then some one begins to
wonder why he Is not permitted to use
up the extra $40 miles by going to con-
certs or the 1ce-capades or to investigate
certain cellars.
We still feel that the new broom Is
going to do some sweeping before long.
The sweeping Is needed. because we got
the same dose all over again last week
with an extra five days for being in
quisitive. WISHFULLY WAITING.
Comments ON Pilet's Testimony
OF Professional Temperance.
To the Dditor Of Ths Star:
With commendable modesty the pilot
Of the plane that carried our beloved
President safely to Africa told Of his
experience over the radio.
One statement stands out significantly
10 "a yAAs - al
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-09

Wedding BoOk-A 32-page booklet.
up to the minute in every detail. 1t
will answer all OF YOUR questions on
wedding preparations and the eti-
uuette Of modern weddings. whether
they be military. formal or informal,
in church, home or club. Also includes
chapters on anniversaries. customs
and superstitions. Every prospective
bride will want copy OF this publica-
ton. To secure your copy inclose 10
cents in coin. wrapped in this clipping.
and mail to The Star Information
Bureau.
Name
Address
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-09
Huskin's Answers
To Questions
BIZ Frederic J. Hdskin.

reader can get the ansuer to any
question OF tact by ,critino The Ere
ming Star Information Bureau, Fred
eric J. Hdskir, director, Washington,
D. c. Please inclosc stamp tor return
postage.
Q. What county in Mississippi re-
manned independent and refused to Join
in the Civil WARE w. A.
A. Contrary to popular opinion, tho
Department OF Archives and History OF
the State OF Mississippi finds no record
OF any county in Mississippi that refused
to enter the Confederacy or withdrew
from the Confederacy.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-09

Q. Which is the largest theater build
ing in the world?-G o. W.
A. Radio City Music Hall in New
York Is the largest.
@. How is the antipodes Of any par.
ticular locality determined?-N. D.
A. The two places must be distant
from each other by $50 degrees OF longi-
tude, and the one must be rs many 2
degrees north Of the equator Is the other
Is south.
@. What Is the largest number Of
children in any one family in the United
States?-T. C. A.
A. The Census Bureau recorded one
father who has q children
@. What is the distance the center Of
population has moved since the first
census Of 179o?-L. L.
A. The center Of population has
moved e02 miles
@. Is 20 Canada" considered . ma
tional anthem of Canada?-N. T. P.
A. It has become the custom in
Save the King" and 20 Canada" Is ma
tional anthems entitled to similar recog-
milton. THE Maple Leaf Forever" in
some respects, Is little out Of date, but
may be added on occasions to the two
others.
O. What city won the recent contest
in fire prevention7-E. P. o.
A. Cincinnati, Ohio, won the grand
award in the Inter-Chamber Fire Waste
Contest Of l94l.
q. Where in the Arctic Is the radium
mine which broke the world monopoly
held by the Belgian Congo?-E. B. w.
A. The mine is on Great Bear Lake.
Northwest Canada, which Is crossed by
the Arctic circle.
Q. When did eonvicts first wear
stripes?-M. C. K.
A. The striped material used for the
suits OF convicts was first produced in
the 18th century in England.
Q. Can a submarine receive or trans.
nit radio signals while s,,bmerged7-
o. E. D.
A. The Navy Department says that
submarines when submerged can submit
or receive radio signals only II the
antenna is clear out Of the water: that
is, strictly speaking. when at periscops
depth.
@. Are goats detrimental to the land7
L. N. L.
A. Goats, by over-grazing, denude the
land Of vegetation which causes erosion.
They destroyed the fertility Of Greece
and other Mediterranean regions. dam
aged vast areas Of East Africa. and In
our country created 4 semi-desert Of the
Navajo Indian Reservation Of Arizona
and New Mexico.
@. Is there q bird without vings7-
A. The kiwi of New Zealand possesses
no visible wings or tail. only stumps
which can be seen when its feathers are
pushed aside.
@. How should \ petition be adj
dressed to Congress?-F. L. M.
A. Petitions addressed to Congress
should be sent to the Vice President and
the Speaker Of the House of Representa-
tives with the request that they be re.
ferred to the proper committee.
@. Does the wife Of 4 soldier have to
pay an income tax on her allotment?-
j. N.
A. Neither the soldiers allotment nor
the allotment from the Government IS
subject to income tax. The soldier pays
an income tax II his income Is sufficient
to warrant this, and the amount he allots
from his salary will. OF course, be In
cluded In his return. The amount paid
by the Government Is . gift from the
Government and Is not taxable.
Co. Il 0Ak,,s~s~~
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-09

Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address of
the iCriter, although the use OF
a psendonyn1 for publication is
permissible. The Star reserves
the right to edit all letters NTH
a Ute1D to condensation.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-09
Letters to the Editor
Expresses Appreciation
For Accurate Reporting.


For Accurate Reporting.
70 the Editor Of The Star:
The special featured news article in
January "a edition of The Sunday Star,
by J. A. OLeary, entitled La Toilette
Speeds Bill to Care for Disabled Vet
Grams Of War" is such an outstanding
example Of accurate reporting that
take this opportunity to commend 1t.
Too frequently. news reports a. to
statements that have made before
Congressional committees concerning
the various phases Of veterans problems
have been outlined inaccurately in fol-
lowing news publicity.
In his article Mr.. OLeary has boiled
down the voluminous testimony by the
several witnesses who appeared before
the Senate Committee on Education and
Labor and correctly has epitomized the
gist Of their respective statements. with
a very fair balanced presentation Of the
testimony submitted to the committee
itself. WILLARD w. RICE,
National Service Director. Disabled
American Veterans.
Says Salvage Drive Success
Proved Power Of Press.
To the Editor OF The Star:
AS chairman of the American Indus
tries Salvage Committee and speaking in
behalf Of the directors Is well as the
companies who Joined this effort, wish
to congratulate you and your fellow
newspapermen upon your remarkably
successful scrap collection drive.
The about, around thee cam
paign directed by American newspapers
brought scrap consciousness" to one
hundred million people and energized
thousands of communities which hith-
erto had been unaware Of the desperate
need for salvage.
The millions OF tons Of scrap collected
during the drive is truly inspiring. A
still more significant measure Of your
magnificent accomplishment Is that the
scrap is still coming In. I know OF no
similar achievement.
The more than eighty-six million tons
Of ingots produced In 1942, an all time
record can In no small measure be
attributed to the success Of your scrap
efforts. This record production is almost
as great as the production Of all OF the
rest OF the world combined.
No one can estimate the value Of the
time and space devoted by the news
papers Of the country to the campaign.
To those critics who pretend to dis
parage the power and the value Of our
great free press, the success Of the scrap
campaign Is . complete and oyerwhelm-
ing answer 1t demonstrates the con-
fldence on the part Of your readers to
which the Kept" press Of dictator ma
lions can never aspire. The kept" press
could never stir its readers to . COM
parable effort.
Not only have you proved the value Of
a free press, you have also demonstrated
that American free enterprise can never
be licked.
Again, congratulations for Job well
done ROBERT w. WOLCOTT,
Chairman. American Industries Salvage
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-09
Blames OPA for Endangering
Health Of Public by Restrictions.

Health Of Public by Restrictions.
To the Editor Of The Star:
The Breckenridge letter. published
February I, was interesting. but only be-
cause 1t does not deal with OPA's basic
faults-unfair rules and rulings. and .
general policy of the public be damned"
during the prior administration.
As far back As last June advo-
eatad 70 opA odAciAlS To olininAkoa e
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-09

@. What stone is said to have FUR
nished light for Noah's Ark?-M L. I.
A. There is legend that q huge
garnet served this purpose.
The Omaha guide., 1943-03-20
ANNE BROWN GUEST SOLOIS1
FOR URBAN LEAGUE
RADIO PROGRAM

NV York City, N. Y. March 1s-
Miss Anne Brown, celebrated con-
cert singer, the memorable "Bess"
of George Gershwin's folk opera,
Porgy and Bess, will be featured
as guest soloist for the National
Urban Leagues special radio pro-
gram "Heroines in Bronze over
KOHL and the Columbia network
on Saturday afternoon, March 20,
at 1:3O pm.
Miss Brown has just returned
to New York from the second lap
of her already remarkably success
full nationwide concert tour. The
Urban League radio program will
be further distinguished by the par
ticipation of the Eva Jessye choir.
Both Miss Brown and the choir will
appear in joint recital in the Maj
or Concert Series at the Brooklyn
Academy of Music next week.
This young American singer who
is being acclaimed by critics every
where as the most important dis
covery Of recent years." is contrib
uting her services to the National
Urban League cause, and her
thrilling voice will highlight the
program.
The Omaha guide., 1943-03-20
A
TO AWARD $500 IN CASH
PRIZES IN ART CONTEST

Atlanta, Georgia, March 18-The
second annual exhibition of paint
ings by Negro artists of America
will be held on the campus of At
lanta University from April 4 to
May 2. This exhibition is spon-
sored by Atlanta University for
the purpose of giving encourage
ment t oNegro artists, and to IN
crease an appreciation of art as an
integral part of life. This showing
is competitive, and the five vim
ing paintings selected by a COM
mittee of JUICES, will receive hand.
some cash awards.
The special prize of two hund.
red and fifty dollars, known as the
John Hope Award, will go to the
artist whose work is considered
the finest in the showing. The
other awards will be as follows:
the first Atlanta University Pur-
chase Award of one hundred dol
lars for oil painting; the second