davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-08-03
Speaking of Tuxes

lie FreslQent IS recent budget
message gave new emphasis to the
hard fact that this war is going tc
cost the Nation hundreds of billions
OF dollars. And now Chairman
George of the Senate Finance Com
mittee has taken the logical further
step of attempting to translate this
into terms of its meaning for indi-
vidual taxpayers.
Disclosing that actual expenditures
for this fiscal year we're going to
approximate 100000, 100000, Mr..
Roosevelt appealed for more reve-
nue. with the assertion that truly
stiff program" of additional taxes,
savings, or both, was needed to
bolster the national defenses against
imitation. The President did not
specify what he meant by a truly
stiff program, but it is not likely
that he would be satisfied with less
than an additional $12,00O,O 900 900
from either or both of the sources
mentioned.
Senator George holds out little
hope, however, that any such addi-
tional sum can be raised through
taxes without destroying" the coun-
try's middle class, and he makes it
clear that even under the present
tax program those in the middle
class, including the little fellows" +"
are going to feel the pinch as never
before. Some of his observations
should have SOLDERING effect.
The annual revenue taken by the
Federal Government, he said, has
increased tenfold during the decade
since President Roosevelt took office
Prior to 1888 Federal income never
exceeded three or four billion dollars.
But at this time Federal income is at
level Of about $4,000 100000 an
nually. And this is about one fourth
of greatly increased total national
income.
If more money Is to be raised from
individual income levies, from what
sources must 1t come? According to
Senator George, 1t Is idle to talk of
getting the needed revenue by soak
ing the rich. The present income tax
on persons making $150,0O0 a year
stands at 80 per cent. obviously"
according to the Georgia Senator,
I'VE cannot expect to get much more
from the relatively few Americans
with incomes over $150,0O0. Any
large increase must fall on the mid
dle-income brackets and down to
$1,000 and $2,500."
This will not be pleasant prospect
for those in the $3,000-a-year class,
whose taxes already are heavy, but
the fact is that out OF total national
income of around $4,000, 900 900
about $1,000, 100000 goes to people
with incomes of $4,000 and less. If
there Is to be any substantial in
crease in revenue from individual
income taxes this class Is going to
have to bear far greater proportion
OF the load than ever before, and this
is something that might just as we'll
be faced. When Congress recon-
venes and the debate turns to the
raising Of more revenue, the small
taxpayer should understand that the
legislators are talking about him.
Evening star., 1943-08-03
THIS AND THAT
By Charles Z. Trdce,oeu.

again In the spring the farmer know,
that summer is here again.
I would also like to mention that the
geese never land en- route except to sat-
lsfy thirst and hunger at some small
stream or lake.
one can hear the 'honk, honk' at
night, and the chatter Of the blackbirds.
During July and August one can see
the plover playing around in the fields
Where the grass has been moved for hay
and leaves the ground In stubble.
When they are done feeding, they sit
on the fence rails. Some call them field
chickens. I think they are very pretty
IN form. somewhat like the turtle dove
Yours sincerely, P. c. S."
Autumn will be here before we and
the birds know it.
This will give humans relief from the
sticky hot weather which has been pre-
vailing all summer.
Fortunately for them, the songsters do
not seem to suffer from humidity or heat
They are so made, and so clothed. that
they manage cold and heat in much the
same way, by keeping them out.
Except for driving transforms, which
occasionally kill bird, and for deem
snowstorms, which now and then cut OF
food IN winter, and so starve a few to
oeatn, the birds find all nature and her
phenomena much TO their liking.
Their individual comfort, If we may
use the term In relation to them, evi-
oently has much wider tolerance than
accorded many human beings.
1t Is not unusual to find people who
are not really comfortable except while
hving IN small band of four degrees!
They are comfortable, really, only
when the temperature is between u and
rs degrees.
Below that, they are chilly, and above
1t, hot.
Such persons are too susceptible, of
course, since the range of temperatures
In this locality is normally between 20
to 90 degrees, over a year.
The birds, being pure creatures Of
nature, have tolerance extending from
about zero to 100 degrees.
Below that. they may get cold, and
above that they may suffer from the
heat.
We do not believe that humidity plays
any particular part in their personal
comfort, as it does with humans. Many
persons this summer are expressing the
belief that this Is the worst summer they
have ever lived through. and all because
Of the humidity, since we have had much
higher temperatures in the past.
One way human beings may help the
birds in summer is to provide drinking
and bathing water for them at all times
Of the day. Like us. they need more
water for all purposes.
A pan Of water, placed in the shade
on hot afternoon, Is a source OF real
help and enjoyment to the birds, and a
pleasure to human onlookers. In these
days Of returning to the simple pleasures
OF life. this Is q cheap and pleasant one
which no person, wherever situated, need
forego
Evening star., 1943-08-03
The Balancing Point

HOW successful has the War Pro-
duction Board been in finding the
line that divides adequate from in
adequate civilian production? Per-
haps the next six months will begin
to furnish the answer. WPB Chair
man Donald Nelson told a Senate
committee last April that essential
civilian supplies are equivalent in
Importance to military supplies; that
the civilian economy supports the
whole war effort. Part of WPB's re-
sponsibility has been to determine
the amount that civilian production
can be cut to assure adequate mill
tary production without reducing
civilian production below the danger
point. .. -.
Up to this time the civilian con-
sumner has been getting along COM
fortably because of accumulated in
ventories, Arthur D. Whiteside, WPB
vice chairman for civilian require
ments, said in an interview last
WIN. ode AioiAl lloW OIl VIC SOlIlS
will be tough" Where production
of civilian goods is not hurt by lack
Of materials, it will be hampered by
manpower shortages. Mr.. Whiteside
anticipates retail sales will decline
20 per cent for the remainder of this
year under the level of the COM
parable period in 1912. But even this
reduction does not mean a Spartan
existence for the civilian. Unless
predictions by WPB officials earlier
in the year have been substantially
modified, goods and services avail
able to civilians still will be higher
in 1943 than the bedrock level of alb
solute need, and far above the level
reached in the lowest years of the
depression.
WPB has found it increasingly
necessary, however, to resume some
production of civilian goods pre-
viously halted to make way for mill
sary production, and to make plans
for other switches from war to ci-
villain manufacture. Production Of
farm machinery, originally cut too
Evening star., 1943-08-03

low, was stepped up from 80 per cent
to 80 per cent of the 1910 rate; addi-
tional steel has become available for
pressure Gamers, tops for glass con-
tainers and other basic civilian needs.
Some of the earlier orders restricting
production of civilian goods have
been relaxed during the past few
months. Others may follow as the
pressure to save small business
which will feel the brunt of reduced
civilian goodS-increases and as the
needs of the civilian populations in
other lands are to some extent
superimposed on our own.
For WPB finds itself the target for
a sharp cross-f1re, aimed by the in
satiable military demand on the one
hand and by those jealousy protect
ing, on the other hand, small busi-
ness which caters to civilian supply.
The Senate passed the Maloney bill
last spring, to set up a special agency,
independent of WPB, for civilian
supply Mr.. Nelson's plea then was
to give WPB a chance to show what
it could do through it's own Office of
Civilian Requirements, which has
equal voice with the military as a
claimant for priorities before the
WPB Requirements Committee-the
allocating authority. Mr.. Whiteside
is warning civilians now to expect
a reduction in what they buy for the
rest of the year. And while there
are some conversions from war back
to civilian requirements, he does not
want the impression to get out that
this is in any anticipation of an early
ending of the war. 1t is merely a
part of WPB's constant search for
the point of balance between civilian
and war production. Overwhelming
of either would result In grave
danger to both.
Evening star., 1943-08-03
Life Is q School

Life Das not meant to be q bar OF
song, 80
. Nor yet dance and laughter on
the ,pirad,;
Life is school that lasts the Ate-
span long ,,..
In Which the human heart Is
disciplined. t q
And each must see space of cloudy
sky
As trees at timber line Hoe to
attain ,..
Great strength as bitter storms 90
hurtltng by,
So hearts gro,D strong Dhen
bu1eted by pain.
He cannot kno,D hop rough nau be
the track
Who has not bruised his foot
against q stone,
Nor kno,D the tDetght that bends his
brothers back
Who has not borne d burden OF
his opn.
Nor ,oiH he gain, Dho stays ,ohers
flame Is tonrm,
The strength Of one pho leans
against the storm,
1NEz CLARK THoRsoN.f
Evening star., 1943-08-03
Offensive Resumed

After an informal eight-day
"truce," in which the Italian govern
ment directed by Marshal Badoglio
has failed to respond to peace sug-
gestions, the Allies again are striking
at Italy by land, sea and air. 1t is
not likely that this renewed offensive
will be halted until the Italians have
capitulated.
The cause of Marshal Badoglio's
procrastination in the face of dis
aSter for Italy is not clear. Perhaps
there are several reasons. 1t is sug-
gested that he is dickering with both
the Germans and the Allies, trying
to salvage as much as possible for
Italy from the peace terms. Some
believe that he hopes to neutralize
the peninsula and avoid Its use as a
base by either side. Others say he is
stalling for time in which to stabil-
ize his own government to avoid
anarchy and civil war in Italy. And
there are those who contend that a
matter of pride and terminology is
at the bottom of the delay-that
honorable capitulation" would be
more palatable to Badoglio than
would an unconditional surrender"
Wherever the truth may lie in
these real or fancied explanations, it
is clear that the hour of decision for
Italy Is close at hand. Allied bomb
ers have resumed their bombardment
of the Italian mainland. The often
sive on Sicily once again is in full
swing and the Allied radio is warning
that invasion of the peninsula is i'm
minent. Italy must decide, and
quickly, whether the future is to
bring peace or the war-inflicted ruin
of her cities and countryside.
Meanwhile, it is to be hoped that
the problems confronting General
Eisenhower and his associates will
not be complicated by theological
squabbles in this country and in
England. Our primary objective is
to get Italy out of the war as quickly
as possible and at the lowest cost to
the Allies. And, as Secretary OF State
Hull has suggested, our military
commanders, acting within the
framework Of the policy laid down by
the Allied governments, should be
free to work out the problem In their
own way. After all, If Italy can be
forced out of the war, what reason
is there for quibbling over the de-
scriptive term applied to the capitu-
lation or the particular Italian gov
ernment through which the surren-
der Is effected?
Evening star., 1943-08-03
Civilian Defense Parade
Approved by Government Employe.

To the Editor of The Star:
The civilian defense parade last
Friday did itself proud 1t served a
real purpose and awakened in those
who witnessed it a renewed interest in
a wartime feature which in the flush
OF recent victories is apt to be forgotten,
but one that should be of imminent
concern to all of us, because afraid
dangers are by no means lessened.
I want especially to thank the powers
that be for scheduling the parade at
time when war workers could be
present. So few things are arranged to
include us. I'm still ranked over the
dedication services of the jefferson
Memorial, major event for the whole
country and ceremony serving as an
inspiration through the years. Yet it
was planned and staged at an hour when
war workers (the greatest majority by
far in Washington had to abandon all
hope of attending it.
MADELEINE ROUSSIN.
Evening star., 1943-08-03
History as Aspiration

Every generation develops anew
the age-old argument about the
practical utility of knowledge of the
past. Today, as fifty or a hundred
years ago, the question is asked: "Is
an acquaintance with the ideas and
events of times gone by of any real
use to living people struggling to
solve the problems confronting them
now?" The answer promptly offered
by some persons is that which erro-
neously has been ascribed to Henry
Ford-the epigram: History Is
bunk"
In more elegant language, DR..
Samuel Johnson gave much the same
opinion when he declared: "All his
tory is romance" Voltaire in
1855 and Edward Gibbon in ITS
agreed in the theory that: History
is only picture of crimes and mis-
fortunes" Still sharper in it's impli-
cation of disapproval was the reply
which Robert Walpole allegedly re-
turned to an inquiry as to what
should be read to him to ease his
suffering as he lay dying. Anything
but history" he gasped, "for history
must be false"
But the finding of the ancients was
to a contrary effect. Cicero believed
that: History is the witness of the
times, the torch of truth, the life of
memory, the teacher of life, the mes
senger of antiquity" and Not to
know what happened before one was
born is always to be child" The
pragmatic Polybius, consistently a
realist, held with reason: History
offers the best training for those who
are to take part in public affairs"
AS to whether or not there is a
discernible body of principle which
scholars may study Systematically
jim the accumulated records of the
past there also is argument. Francis
Bacon, In his Advancement of
Learning" wrote that: "It Is the
true office of history to represent the
events themselves, together with the
counsels, and to leave the observa-
tions and conclusions thereupon to
the liberty and faculty of every
mans judgment" Hegel, the Ger
man, as late as 1882 sadly confessed:
Peoples and government have never
learned anything from history, or
acted on principles deducible from
it." But greater character than
either of these sceptics-General
Robert E. Lee, the beloved leader Of
the Confederate armies-discovere
Evening star., 1943-08-03
FALLS CHURCH, Va.

Dear Sir:
THE latest of the prospective wren
tenants has been having quite time to
settle in her permanent location, since
the disruption of her original plan of
building in the rustic wren house atop
the dogwood tree early in the month.
For many days from early morning
until late afternoon, one of them would
chatter away while the other was busy
carrying nesting material of twigs,
grasses and small feathers into the nest,
which was apparently finished about the
time fierce afternoon storm arrived,
since which time heard no more Of the
chatter. and discovered wren, presum-
ably the male, had drowned or been
blown into large rain barrel nearby.
THE following day the mate began
pulling out the nesting material from
the rustic house and was seen no more
until the following week when she was
quietly hopping about the wistaria trellis,
presumably in search OF a home.
However, despite the fact that
similar rustic house is securely anchored
near the top of this trellis, she has eyi-
dently mated again and has actually
taken over the coconut shell which fur
nished the bluebirds such a trustworthy
home early in March.
Il am delighted that I can look for
ward to another family of these cheer
ful little birds before the season of
migration approaches, which comes all
too soon after September 1.
I have daily guests of all specimens
which arrived early in the spring, and
the most pleasure from a listeners
standpoint is furnished daily by the wood
thrush, with his half hour of melodie,
before dark from the tall pine.
"A single dove has visited the feeding
board almost daily for two weeks or
more, and am hoping she will prove to
be the proverbial dove of peace.
Sincerely yours, o. E. c."
SIXTH STREET NE.
Dear Sir:
I would like to mention what I OH
served as country boy about fiocks OF
olackbirds forming and flying South at
the end OF summer.
|. Il noticed they generally left late in
the afternoon, followed later by focks
countless. but I say would average 500
In hock from farther North.
ALSO the flight Of wild geese in the
form OF letter v, the leader at the
point where the two lines Of the letter
meet.
you see If they hew at right angles
their wings would not clear at times so
In the v form each has . wing clear.
ance.
They fly about $50 to 200 feet high.
One can hear the 'honk, honk' OF the
leader very plainly and the less loud
screechy voices of his geese.
"The farmers can feel certain that
summer Is over when the wild geese fly
South. There are about AZ, average Of
so In flock, and when they fly North
Evening star., 1943-08-03

name Of the marines is to us, the name
"zouave" Is to the French.
In an old encyclopedia I read long
time ago Gen. McClellan's opinion OF the
zouaves. He said: II would like to COM
mand regiment that could whip a regi-
ment Of zouaves.
In selecting Giraud, another La Tour
d'Auvergne, as commander of the French
forces, the chiefs Of state and OUR Gen.
IKE" certainly knew what they were
doing.
WAR TTDEsTRoM, WV.
Hillside, Md.
Evening star., 1943-08-03
Worse Mioht Be
, Hutchinson (Kans.) News.

From the Hutchinson (Kans) News
A sales tax, considered alone, Is a bad
tax because 1t falls most heavily on
those least able to pay. Considered In
connection with existing income, victory,
and social security taxes, however, 1t
would provide reasonably equitable dis
tribution Of the burden of war costs.
Evening star., 1943-08-03

@. How many native Oi1ioans have
received the Republican presidential
nomination2-G. H. c.
A.. Eleven native Ohioans have re-
ceived the Republican nomination for
President, and Of these seven became
President.
Q. What is the highest price ever paid
for horse?-M. r. G.
A. According to the Blood -Horse
Magazine. the highest price paid by
Americans for horse was $3.50 900, for
Blenheim II, which was imported from
England. The highest price paid for an
American-bred horse was $265,o0o for
Tracery, which was bought by some one
In Argentina. Highest prices paid any
where were 100000 each for the Eng
lish Call Boy and the italian Nearco.
@. Why do cigarettes continue burn,
ing after being lighted, even when they
are not smoked7-E. G. D. = -.
A. According to the physiolosist IN
charge Of tobacco and plant nutrition,
Department of Agriculture. the paper
wrappers used on most Of the popular
brands Of cigarettes contain lime and
magnesia as filling. Such wrappers.
seem to have, an important effect In
causing the cigarette to hold nre when
lighted.
Q. Is 1t true that the famous Monte
Carlo Casino has been damaged during
the present war?-W. B.
A. A British submarine blew I'D part
OF Monte Carlo when two Of its torpedoes
missed an Axis ship and exploded under
the casino. 4
@. What proportion Of the biographies
In the Encyclopedia Britannica are Of
women?-E. L. H. '-f
A. OF the $4,000 biographies In Bri-
tannica, 300 are Of women. ,ets
@. What is the world record for the
1o0-yard dash?-P. o. r. .s.1 .
A. The world record for the 100-yard
dash Is held by Frank Wykoff and Jesse
Owens, the time being o. seconds.
@. How much metal has been saved
by the use Of paper clothes hansers?-.
D. A. T.
A. Nearly 1h million pounds Of
metal has been saved by the use Of paper
clothes hangers.
O. Did Taft receive any electoral
votes in 1912?-S. B. w.
A. In 1912 Wilson received 435 elec-
toral votes; Taft, 8. and Roosevelt, SO.
@. What Is Norwegian rosemalins7-
H. T. o.
A. Norwegian rosemaling refers to the
painting of flowers on furniture In dull,
old-looking colors.
@. Can the moon produce q rainbow
F. G. T.
A. The moon can produce rainbows
in the same manner as the sun. Lunar
rainbows are usually too faint to show
any color, but bright bow formed when
the moon is near the full shows colors
quite distinctly.
Evening star., 1943-08-03
Fate Of Germans
Referred to Russians.
70 the Editor of The Star.

10 the Editor OF 'Tne star:
Excerpts from the book, Men In Mo-
tion," by Henry ]. Taylor, published In
the August number Of the Readers Di-
gest under the caption Of "Boondoggling
on Global Basis" set forth collection
OF common-sense views.
After the war is over every good Amer
lean will want to see the worlds affairs
so regulated and conducted that we can
rest in the belief that the next world
war Is a long way of. Unfortunately
the millennium has not yet appeared
and the usual watching, waiting and
endless worries will continue to be
our lot.
Germany must be disarmed and kept
In subsection. Yes, but surely not In
the utterly impracticable manner sug-
gested by Kingsbury Smith in the April
American Mercury.
The Germans are hard boiled" lot,
arrogant and conceited, and any attempt
to transform the Nazi element into
order-loving citizens, whether by us or
by the British, will be useless effort.
AS our Russian Allies have so far borne
the brunt Of the conflict against the
Nazis, why not turn the worst of the
murderous and war-guilty bandits over
to the Russians at the end of the war?
They could be transported in sizable
groups with one-way tickets to desig-
mated spots in Siberia, where they could
earn their livelihood along with the mill
lions Of Russian political prisoners al
ready there.
With Germany and Japan completely
dlsarmed and kept so by the combined
power of the English-speaking inhabi-
tants OF the globe, with or without the
cooperation Of other countries, the
danger of third world war in the near
future would be minimized. The in
terests of Canada, Australia and New
Zealand are so closely bound up with
our own country that there is scarcely
need to fear any loss OF good will be-
tween us.
Of course, world trade is important to
upon our trade with the British Isles
and Continental Europe Russia and
Scandinavia possibly excepted, name the
important commodities, either in raw
materials or manufactured goods, which
Europe has and which we do not have.
If we sell to them, we are expected to
buy from them in return.
WILBUR S. MAYERS.
Clarksburg, w. Va.
Evening star., 1943-08-03

Statisticians tell us that the honey
crop Of the United States Is 400
100000 pounds annually. We knew
we had lot of them, but we had
no idea they weighed that much.
Evening star., 1943-08-03
Clarksburg, w. VI
Giraud Praised
By a Veteran.

BY Veteran.
To the Editor of The Star
1t was refreshing indeed to read your
editorial and also Mr.. Browns account of
Gen. Giraud. Now The Star comes for
ward with a most excellent account of
the odyssey of this remarkable man.
1t should be read by all
Another account of Giraud's life is
given by Pour La Victoire," July II. The
two accounts supplement each other,
the one Of The Star dealing principally
with his remarkable escape from Konig-
stein, the one of Pour La Victoire" with
Giraud's regimental connections.
In the latter we learn that after st.
Cyr, Giraud was attached to the 4th
zouaves and served in the colonies
Who does not know the exploits of
the zouaves? Their deeds are comparable
with those Of our marines. What the
Evening star., 1943-08-03

A st. Louis man has advertised for
a home for his pet bears. OF greater
interest to Brooklyn, however, would
be practical plan of retiring the ST..
Louis Cardinals.
Evening star., 1943-08-03

The soldier. at mess CALL huns:
Coffee, coffee, coffee without single
beam Happier is the song of the
housewife, who sings: Coffee, coffee,
coffee without single stamp"
Evening star., 1943-08-03

Marshal Badoglio is known as
most meticulous man. 1t must have
irked his sense of accuracy when he
had to issue that proclamation be-
ginning, In the name of the King
Emperor"