davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-05-20
Threatening Congress

The American Federation of Labor
has threatened to use every re-
source at its command" to bring
about the defeat of all members of
Congress who vote for the Con-
nally-Smith bill. And, by way of
impressing this threat upon the leg
islators, the AFI recalls that it
undertook similar campaign"
against those members Of the Senate
who voted to confirm the nomination
Of Judge John j. Parker to the Su-
preme Court, and that within ten
years not a single one of them re-
NAMED In the United States Senate"
This is a curious stand for the
Federation TO take, and one which is
not likely to intimidate many men,
bers of Congress. In the first place,
it is not entirely accurate. Although
1t was an election year for him, Sena-
tor Carter Glass of Virginia was one
Of those voting for confirmation.
The AFL never has been able to per-
ooooC VIC fOUIlS VI lllS 1ldUlfC oGdUC
that they should unseat him, and it
is safe prediction that he never
will be beaten in a Virginia election.
Secondly, the statement by the
labor group Is misleading in the
things that it ignores. For instance,
1t overlooks the fact that thirty
nine Senators who voted against
confirmation also have passed out
Of the Senate, because of death, de-
feat or some other reason. Among
these was Senator Norris. who led
the fight against Judge Parker, and
who was badly beaten in the last
election despite the efforts which
the AFL presumably exerted in it's
behalf. Another interesting item
overlooked by the AFL is the fact
that Senator Connally Of Texas, CO.
author of the pending bill, was
among those who voted against con-
frmation of Judge Parker
The really striking aspect of this
matter, however, has to do with the
subsequent career of Judge Parker
himself. He incurred the enmity Of
labor because he had sustained an
injunction growing out of a so-called
yellow dog" contract. His ruling
was in line with prior decisions by
the Supreme Court, but this fact re-
ceived scant consideration at the
time. Because Of this ruling, plus
other factors, he was defeated by the
margin Of two votes. Yet today,
thirteen years later, he is recognized
as one Of the foremost of the truly
liberal Federal circuit judges.
To many it will seem strange that
the AFL at this time should be boast
ing OF its part in bringing about the
defeat Of Judge who would have
been q credit to the Supreme Court.
Evening star., 1943-05-20
Unhappy Precedent

The origin of the Idea to ban news
paper reporters from the hotel at Hot
Springs during the food conference
is said to have been the Presidents
satisfaction with the arrangements
at Casablanca, where, adequately
guarded by soldiers, he and his mill
tary advisers met Prime Minister
Churchill and the British military
men. There were no reporters within
miles Of the place They we're
brought in later and a press confer
ence was held and formal statements
made available. AS far as known, no
newspaper objected. The very nature
Of this momentous meeting de-
manded strict secrecy, and the news
papers would have been the first to
agree with the wisdom of the plan
had they been asked. There was no
reason, OF course, to ask them.
This food conference at Hot
Springs is different sort of confer
ence. The meeting place and the
general purpose were advertised long
in advance. If 1t accomplishes any
thing it will need public support. It
Is undoubtedly the forerunner of
other like conferences during and
after the war. And there has been
no demand from the press to be ad-
mitted to the conference rooms or to
be permitted privileges which would
disturb the delegates or interfere
with their meetings.
The unhappy result of the unnec-
cesary restrictions on the press has
been to emphasize the sort OF secrecy
which breeds suspicion, to demon
strate a cynical disrespect for the
Importance of the press in a free de-
mocracy and to set up theoretical
governmental control (by armed
soldierO over the sources Of news
which can be regarded only as a
dangerous precedent In connection
with subsequent conferences. The
Presidents facetious reference to the
possibility Of having reporters pres
e1t at cabinet meetings and his bath,
and Chairman Marvin Jones' mac
curate reference to demand by the
press for the run of the hotel" dur
Ing the meetings, are neither candid
nor fair comments on the creation of
q needless issue.
Evening star., 1943-05-20
Where Shells Are Thickest

The scene OF action was a hot
corner. The concentration of shells
was terrific. They were bursting con-
tinuously, their sound mingling with
the crackle Of fire. Two anonymous
privates, hunched over in the midst
OF the turmoil, doggedly stuck to
their base, under orders to hold the
fort and carry on until their arduous
task was accomplished and official
relief came. "Whew!" said one. IT
had no idea the war was this tough!"
"Ugh!" grunted the other. "I never
saw so many shells in my life! Do you
think they will ever end?"
Was this in Tunisia, Guadalcanal
or the Aleutians? Possibly, but not
necessarily. 1t might have been right
here in the United States. Any army
kitchen is apt to be a hot spot, under
range fire. Ask the mess sergeant
ne knows. Better still, ask the X. P.'s,
Tor they are the lads in the thick of
the shelling. Peas are part of the
army ration, but they are no good
unless shelled.
Evening star., 1943-05-20
THIS AND THAT
By Charles E. Truce1Dell,

experience is necessary In focusing on
birds.
The songsters dart around so, and are
so rapid in all their movements, that
unless the locker is somewhat used to
handling the glasses under such circum-
stances, he is likely to miss them alto
gether when he most wants to see them.
There can be little question that good
and bad fortune plays part here, as
elsewhere. Who is there, interested In
BIRDS who has not had some one call
him to window to see a new species,
only to have the creature fly away just
as he arrives?
On the other hand, some observers
have good fortune, and find that birds
always give them plenty of time to put
the glasses on them properly.
1t is marvellous how even a small pair
OF glasses will bring out the points of
difference between one bird and an
other. They permit the observation of
small patches of color which otherwise,
to the naked eye, merge into the general
coloration.
The Baltimore oriole is perhaps not
as rare as our first correspondent thinks.
They are extremely "touchy" about
their nests, and will not build where,
for variety of reasons known only to
them, other birds find no difficulty in
locating
The color scheme of the oriole, and
its loud pleasant whistle, when deciding
upon the nesting place, make it one of
the easiest recognized of all birds.
Suburban locations have these fine
birds, but more of them will be discov-
cred in woody places.
The female is the nest builder. The
structure Is placed at the extreme tip
of long branch hanging far out into
space.
The nest is tied on with cords and
pieces of string.
Engineers who have examined these
nests say that the bird shows remark
able understanding of the stresses and
strains involved.
We have piece of branch with an
oriole nest attached to it, and it is as
ooAASt ooNAeAy
summer storm blew it down. This was
the nest which the birds deserted, evi-
IDENTIFY having some foreknowledge OF
the fate which was to await it.
The Baltimore oriole has many inter-
esting common names, the most used
one being in honor of Lord Baltimore
whose colors, orange and black, the bird
displays.
Other names in various parts of the
country are golden robin, English rob-
bin, hang-bird, hang fire bird, pea
bird, hammock golden oriole and
Baltimore bird
The first thing the lady oriole does in
building the nest is to tie suspension
strings to the branch, using these as
the warp through which many kinds Of
flbers are woven
From four to six eggs are laid in the
nest. These are white, with lines and
spots Of dark brown and black on them.
foreshadowing the handsome birds to
come.
Evening star., 1943-05-20

came the turning point at Ell Alamein
and the ultimate expulsion Of the
Axis from all of Africa.
Thus, once again, it is shown that
a proper sense of perspective is es-
sential. Rarely does a single battle
determine the outcome Of a cam
paign. There will be defeats as we'll
as victories, and it is the part of
wisdom to overemphasize neither.
To avoid both extremes is to face the
vicissitudes of war without being
"up today and down tomorrow" but
with the calm confidence in eventual
victory which is justified by the
strength and the improving fortunes
of the Allies.
Evening star., 1943-05-20
Blind Fury
By Maj. George Fielding Eliot.
From the Baltimore Sun.

FT0m Cne BAItlm0fe sun.
Indignation at the Japanese execution
of some of the flyers who few with Gen.
Doolittle has inspired Senator Stew
art to propose that all Americans of
japanese descent be stripped OF citizen
ship and confined in concentration
camps. BY demonstrating the extreme Of
intolerance to which blind fury can drive
a presumably responsible man, this pro-
posal should give many people a sobering
realization of the danger of permitting
anger and indignation to overwhelm the
firm, disciplined reasoning which the war
emergency demands.
Evening star., 1943-05-20
Huskin's Answers
To Questions
By Frederic J. Hdskin.

A reader can get the ans,per to any
question OF fact BY tDriting The Epe-
ming Star Information Bureau, Fred.
eric J. Haskin, director, Washington,
D. c. Please inclose stamp for return
postage.
@. How many automobiles have been
manufactured in the United States since
the first car was made?-W. P.
A. The number Of automobiles manu-
factured in 42 years is 86,000,000.
@. What per cent Of aliens registered
in the United States belong to Axis
countries?-R B. L.
A. The Once of War Information
says thAt less than 8 per cent Of all
aliens registered are nationals of Axis
nations.
O. What is the estimated total popu-
lation included in minority groups In the
United States?-W. E. G.
A. The author Carey McWilliams, in
his book, Brothers Under the Skin," es-
Inmates the total number at approxi-
mately 100000
Evening star., 1943-05-20

And when this past error Of judg-
ment is coupled with threat to use
every labor resource to prevent the
reelection OF Congressman xvoting
for the Connally-S Smith bill, it is just
possible that some of the legislators
may feel that the AFL is making out
an excellent case for the measure,
one provision of which would forbid
the use OF union funds in political
campaigns.
Evening star., 1943-05-20
RejOices in Damage
To German Morale.
To the Editor OF The Star:


The surprisingly sudden collapse of
enemy resistance in Africa has revived
speculation as to the probable duration
OF the war and hope, by some, for its
early termination
Such hope apparently Is not shared
certainly is not being counted upon by
those in authority, who are believed now
preparing for offensive action on the
many widely separated and far-fung
battle fronts.
However, it is thought that, perhaps in
view Of the highly successful conclusion
OF the African campaign, the ultra con-
servative Prime Minister of Great Brit
ain might now be persuaded to grant that
we have at least reached "the end of
the beginning" That, doubtless, is as
far as he would go.
Aside from the accomplishment OF
arms, there is factor in this war which
may prove more determinative of the
final issue, as well as its duration, than
guns, tanks, ships and planes. That is
morale.
No one is more familiar with the pSy-
chology of the German soldier than Hit
Ter. The boche can "dish it out"-when
the odds are all in his favor-but he
can't take it" when the going is tough,
as was amply shown at Tunisia and in
the First World, War.
Hitler knows that another 1unisia
Evening star., 1943-05-20

It Is reported that certain fnan-
cially weak baseball teams may have
to take to nylon stockings. Fans hope
they will not have to paint their legs
as the girls do. Some of those color
combinations would be a whole morn
ing's work and leave the players
exhausted,
Evening star., 1943-05-20

Common Household Pests Tells
how to eradicate-quickly and thor
oughly-moths, ants, flies, cock
reaches, termites, rats and mice. Any
one of these household pests can
make life miserable for the house.
wife If she doesn't know how to cope
with them. Specialists Of the United
States Government have spent years
in directing warfare against these
household enemies, and the results Of
their work are boiled down In this
practical publication. To secure your
copy inclose 10 cents in coin, wrapped
in this clipping, and mail to The
Star Information Bureau.
Name
Address
Evening star., 1943-05-20

@. What makes bee hum?-E. L. H.
A. The sound is made by the rapid
vibration OF the wings.
@. Where Is the rock on which the
Lords Prayer is carved?-A. c.
A. The Lords Prayer is carved on the
face OF huge boulder on a main high
way just east of Bristol, VT, in letters
so large as to be readily read by passing
motorists. The inscription tells that it
was done in 1891 by DR.. Joseph c. Greene
of Buffalo, N. Y.
Q. What is the corresponding rank in
the Army OF commodore?-M.B B.
A. The rank Of commodore In tho
Navy corresponds to that of brigadier
general In the Army. A commodore
ranks between captain and rear ad-
miral.
Q. Is 1t true that Michelangelo left
his name on only one OF his MASTER
pieces?-H. S. S.
A. "The Madonna della Pieta," which
stands in the Church of st. Peter at
Rome, is the only sculpture which is in
scribed with his name.
@. What became OF the man who
killed Leon Trotsky In Mexico a few
years ago?-M. P. S.
A. Jacques Monard, alias Frank Jack
son, the slayer of Trotsky, was sentenced
to 20 years imprisonment in Mexico
City.
O. What are clock flowers?-J. w.
A. Flowers which open and close at
certain hours during the day, such as
the goats beard, wild chicory, pinpernel
and the like.
@. Is it possible to buy a discharge
from the Army?-M. H.
A. Discharge from the armed forces by
purchase Is not possible at the present
time.
O. What was the inspiration for Rach-
manino1's prelude in c Sharp Major?"
p. H.
A. It was inspired by hearing bells Of
the Kremlin on festival day. As the
bells rang out, all the city bells answered
until the air was filled with the changing
sound.
Q. How many cups Of tea can be made
from a pound?-B. K. j.
A. Two hundred cups.
@. When was Pastor Martin Niemoller
| ordained minister?-L. z.
A. He was ordained Lutheran minis
| ter at Munster, in Germany, on June %,
1924. Three years later he was called to
the Jesus Christus Kirche In Dahlenl .
suburb OF Berlin.
@. How long do homing pigeons live7-
E. WI.
A. They usually live from IL to Is years.
@. What is the extent Of the Solomon
Islands?-D. P. S.
A. This group OF islands extends for
a distance variously assumed to be from
TOO to 900 miles, depending upon what
are considered the boundaries. This is
equal, approximately, to the distance be-
tween New York and Chicago.
@. How many coconut palms are there
in Miami? What Is done with the
coconuts?-E. K.
A. No survey has been made on the
number of coconut plans in Miami.
Every residence has one or two and the
Most of the fallen coconuts are used
commercially in grocery stores, novelty
shops and by the Government.
Evening star., 1943-05-20
Letters to the Editor

Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address OF
the 1Driter, although the use of
a pSeudonyn1 for publication is
permissible. The Star reserves
the right to edit all letters Nth
a Die1D to condensation.
Evening star., 1943-05-20
High Standard Of Ethics
Advocated For War and Peace.

Advocated For War and Peace.
To the Editor OF The Star:
A. j. S., whose letter appeared In your
issue Of May 13, seems to be greatly dis
turbed by the thought that our Ameri-
can fresh steaks potatoes, butter coffee,
ETC., have been or may be served to the
captive German officers.
These officers constitute relatively
small proportion OF the prisoners, but
even so agree that they should not be
served the very best that the larder
affords. On the other hand, I certainly
would not advocate serving any Of our
war prisoners the worst fare that would
sustain life.
Your correspondent goes on to say:
Here we are on rations and practically
undernourished while the foods shipped
to our fighting men at the front are
served to the Germans who have shown
no mercy at any time even to the starv-
Ing children in conquered lands" I
question the statement that rationing
has so far caused us to be an under
nourished nation. But even If we should
become an undernourished nation while
feeding our war prisoners I, for one,
would not have our leaders stoop so
low as to follow the example of our
enemies in the treatment Of those whom
they have conquered. hope our leaders
will not at any time consider such a
course.
I cannot believe that any of us after
mature thought would advocate viola
ton OF any of those principles for which
we are fighting; no, not even under such
grave provocation as has already arisen
and, considering the sort of enemies we
have, may be expected to arise again and
again.
My plea is that we keep on the highest
possible plane the making of this war
and OF the peace that is to follow.
HARDEE CHAMBLIsS.
Evening star., 1943-05-20

Let us hope that those first six
German generals we have captured
become like the original Floradora
Sextet. which grew from half
dozen to several hundred.
Evening star., 1943-05-20
'TUNLAW ROAD.

ocdI
Il would greatly appreciate your kind
ness If through your interesting and en-
Tightening column you would publish
this communication requesting your
readers to see if any of the bird enthusi-
asts can locate one of the most beauti-
full and colorful birds in this locality,
namely, the Baltimore oriole.
Many years ago this musical warbler
was not uncommon, but now it has be-
come very rare.
Sincerely yours, c. w. A., MD"
MOUNT RAINIER, Nd.
Dear Sir:
Being steady reader of your column
and knowing of your interest in birds
and nature, am writing in to tell you
of an interesting and pleasant walk
had yesterday.
my walk took me along small stream
and my first experience was witnessing
the bath of female white crowned
sparrow and blue Jay. These birds
took their baths differently from most
UIldU IdfC SCCll Ill Clldt UllCy NCllL COul.
pletely into the water and got them
selves soaking wet. After splashing in
the water for about five minutes the
birds left the water with many shakings
and preenings and made their way to a
nearby tree to dry.
Continuing my walk I saw a Balti-
more oriole busily engaged in pulling
caterpillars out of a tent caterpillar nest
and eating them.
"The oriole soon flew away, so I re-
just In time to see three goldfinches fly
down to the water and frolic about in it,
These birds, with their brilliant plumage
rejecting in the sparkling water, we're
one of the most beautiful sights I have
ever witnessed.
II watched the goldfinches for a short
time and then walked about in the woods
near the stream hunting for more birds.
I was extremely successful in my search,
as I saw In the hour that I walked the
following: A brown thrasher, Mary
land yellowthroat, and numerous robins,
O ~ " ., IuOChlIlSUlIuS,
grackles and other more common birds.
This was the first time I have ever
gone out with the sole intention of seek
ing out new birds and my success in it
brought out to me the great pleasure to
be derived from the simple pastime Of
bird watching.
Sincerely yours, B. S."
1t may be that the second correspond
ent has a tip here for the first.
Walking In the woods is one way to
see Baltimore orioles those summer
beauties which are really not orioles at
all.
If one goes to the woods he should be
sure to take along pair Of binoculars,
or simply pair OF the old-time opera
glasses.
Then he should practice in their use
beneath trees, because some preliminary
Evening star., 1943-05-20
Curran, Not Jefferson, Credited
With Authorship of Axiom.

Val ohS 4NOt oOHS SICulGCU
With Authorship of Axiom.
To the Editor Of The Star:
A correspondent. writing to The Star.
refers to the familiar axiom Eternal
vigilance is the price Of liberty" as hav-
ing been sponsored by Thomas Jefferson.
Perhaps he is correct in that attribu-
ton, but my impression for many years
has been that it first was expressed by
John Philpot Curran, the great Irish
advocate who was the counsel Of Wolfe
Tone, friend of Emmet and associate Of
Sheridan and Thomas Moore.
H. L. Mencken's New Dictionary Of
Quotations" confirms my belief, giving
the date as July 10, 1870. Hoyt's "Cyclo-
pedia" likewise credits Curran, even more
specifically, 1905. X.Y.Z.
Evening star., 1943-05-20

would ruin him, which doubtless accounts
Tor his present all-out effort to produce
something that looks like victory in Rus
sia, which might serve to quiet the dis
content at home.
From the news now coming out OF Ger
many, and from the rumblings of the
submerged of many lands, Der Fuehrer is
now astride powder keg-and knows it.
WILBUR H. CLOSE.
"Rumor Clinics" Questioned
As Practical Device.
To the Editor Of The Star:
In reference to the "rumor clinics" run
by some papers, can't help but feel
that they defeat their own purpose mas
much as possibly per cent to 10 per cent
OF the people of a given locality has
heard such rumor, the clinic by print
Ing it brings that same rumor to 80 per
cent to 95 per cent. They even print
the rumors in large type-and the facts
in small.
The public loves a rumor no matter
how "scary" and has the feeling that
there may be something" in it some
where.
However, this is only my own personal
opinion and could be wrong; so would
welcome any opinions on it-also the
thought that rumor could be deliber-
ately created for the purpose of obtain
ing true fact" giving possible COM
fort to the enemy or. worse still, vital
information unintentionally.
ELSTOW
Evening star., 1943-05-20
Nostalgia Prompts Inquiry
About Why WAVES Are Scattered.

To the Editor OF The Star:
Referring to your editorial "Wasteful
If Continued" in which you mention
'the difficulties to be overcome in recruit
ing, training and housing the WAVES"
I should like to ask why, if the Navy is
finding it so difficult to furnish us hous-
ing, it does not station us near our
homes?
I, like hundreds Of WAVES here in
Washington, am from the West Coast
and know could do my work better and
be happier If I were located near my
home, yet here am-3,000 miles from it,
r.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-01-06

we'll understood from the beginning,
and there is no particular point in
reminding the American commander
of them, since he is doing everything
humanity possible to fight an Often
sive. maintain peace among the
French factions and help quiet the
civilian population, whose economy
has been upset by the new invasion
that cuts of all trade with the Axis
countries.
Gen. Eisenhower has the complete
confidence of President Roosevelt
and Of the joint chiefs of staff of
the United States, and the sniping
campaign begun in London does not
appear, at this end at least, to be
constructive or calculated to ac-
celerate the movement forward.
Our rate of progress has been
phenomenal, and delays lately have
been due to bad weather, which has
made it difficult to build up flying
fields. and to scant transportation
facilities overland to supply our far
flung forces as well as the civilian
population.
When spring comes, 1t will be time
enough to appraise the progress
made in terms of global war This is
just early January.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-01-06
IS Scouts 10 Receive
Court Of Honor Awards

Boy Scouts of America in the
Washington area will hold a court
of honor at 8 pm. tomorrow in the
Hall of Nations of the United States
Chamber of Commerce. Forty five
Scouts will get the star award, 20
the life award and 10 the eagle
award, the highest rank in scout
ing. In addition seven eagle palms
will be awarded
Music will be provided by the
Army Air Forces Band of Boiling
Field. Dramatic presentations de-
picting the work that a Scout does
in advancing from the rank of first
class Scout to eagle Scout will be
given.
Scouts receiving the eagle badge
are Reed Nibley, Troop S; Carol
BURNER, Troop II; Bob Ensslin