davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-09-25
The Inside Story Of The Army's
Greatest Court Martial Farce

| is reducing Colman 10 a captain
They are giving him back his gun,
and along with il, the privilege TO
get drunk and abuse enlisted men.
fraudulently arrange transfers. &C
cept gifts from the employer Of thc
father of enlisted men misappro-
pirate government property and
shoot soldiers who do not fit into
his biased color scheme.
And because the reader NAV want
to keep a record Of the men VINO
participated in tho farcial court
martial. VIC are printing the names
~ the men who are giving Colman
back his gun Here are their
names. their rank. their command
an their hometown addresses:
Colonel Hammer Huston, Signal
Corps. Port Assinaboine. Montana
Colonel Warner B Gates. Air
Corps. Evanston. H.
Colonel John A. Wheeler. Ord
nance Dept. Marion, sc.
Colonel James E. Duke. Jr.. Air
Corps. Washington. DC:
Colonel Arthur l. Ennis, Air
Corps, Chicago, Ill
Colonel Oliver II. Stout. Air
Corps, Indianapolis. Ind.
Colonel Clarence T Mower. Air
Corps. Maiden. Mass.
Colonel Kenneth G. Gould, Med
ical Corps, Bellevue, Ky.
Lieutenant Colonel Charles II
Mcdonald. J.A.G.D.. Milwaukee
Wis.
Their present stations are as fol
lows:
Huston, Headquarters. Third All
Force. Tampa. Fla.
Gates. Morris Field. Charlotte
NC.
Wheeler, Headquarters, Third All
/ Force, Tampa, Fla.
Duke. Army Air Base. Birming.
ham. Ala.
Ennis. Headquarters. Third All
Force. Tampa, Fla.
Stout. Army Air Base. Greenville
sc.
Mower. Kellogg Field. Battle
Creek. Mich.
Gould, Hunter Field, Savannah
/ Ga.
Mcdonald, Selfridge Field. Mt
/ Clemens. Mich.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-09-25
Five DetroiterS
Earn Promotions

SELFRIDGE FIELD. Mich - Col
Peter E SSanse. commanding Off
Ger OF the goth Service Group an
rounced that l26 enlisted men Of
his command Stationed al Oscoda
Army Ar Field Mich. sJo-5asc
@! Seltr.dse Field, nave q ned pro-
motions .or d!Eeu; serve n nc
Army AT Forces
Included IN this group arc The
following men from De,ro.: Pro-
NOTED 10 corporal, Rober; Lows
al 1851 Maple street, Harrison Wal
lace OF 672i Hartford avenue and
James Swint OF 8iO2 K.ne,.cy Court.
Promoted 70 technical sergeant.
f'th grade. Arthur W. Shane 936
Melbourne. james T. Thomas II
a2s Holorook was promoted C. ,ec3-
n.csl sergeant and LLOYD II Smita
OF Allegan Mich. Nss promoted
20 sergear'
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-09-25
JOKER IN Law.
FORCES 600
TO LEAVE JOB
Law Prohibits Imported
Agricultural
LabOrers

PHILADELPHIA. - CAMP - A
Joker" slipped in the l943 fedora!
law by the farm bloc which forbids
use OF imported agricultural work.
crs in cannerieS forced 600 Jamai-
cans TO suddenly quit work in six
OF the country's leading plants,
The army, navy and lend-lease
were all depending upon these can
neyics TO supply their field rations
and processed foods The plants in.
clude, Campbell Soup company,
Camden, n j; Heinz company
Camem; EDGAR Hurf company
SwedeSboro: Deerfeld Packing cor.
pora;jon. at Seabrook Farms, and
p. J. Ritter company and E, Pritch-
ard. Ind, Bridgeton.
Loss OF jamaican labor made the
already labor shortage worse.
The extension service. through lis
county agents. had assigned Jamai-
cans 10 cannerics in open disregard
II the Joker" County agents con-
tended. with assent from farmers
that field and cannery workers we're
Interchangeable and that cannery
work was in broad sense agri.
cultural production since crops
couldn't be picked il csnneries
couldn't process them.
The Jamaicans were taken away
rom their work last week when
he New Jersey Extension officials
complained 70 the VIA that these
"orkers were working in canneries
VIA said presence Of these work.
crs in canneries represented a "Sur.
plus" Of farm labor which should
oy Law. be assigned 70 farms that
we're short Of LABOR as many
New Jersey farms are.
Instead Of being distribute J
through that area. approximately
700 Of the Jamaicans we're sent 20
northwestern New York.
Around 500 of these native jana
cans were at Seabrook farms where
they were under contract until their
stay in this country expires Sept.
30 Other plants, however, lost en-
tirely the services of the workers.
The Heinz plant employed 30-40;
Ritter. 1880; Pritchard, 35; Hurff,
SIS, and Campbell's, 30-40.
Said one official concerning the
Jamaicans, They are ideal workers.
We were able TO use them in spec
ialized work and had chance to
train them, Now we can't replace
them"
Another asked. why rob US o!
men we've taken the trouble 10
train?"
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-09-25

man today. and owes his freedom
10 a "merciful" court Of eight Col
onels and one Lieutenant-C Colonel
who carefully rc-worded charges OF
frequent drunkenness and conduct
unbecoming an officer to read that,
although they thc courD could
find Colman guilty Of drunkenness,
at no time was his conduct unbe-
coming an officer or Ito the preju-
dice OF good order and military
discipline"
And although Colman fired point
blank at Private McRae, seriously
wounding the enlisted man acting
as his chauffeur, the court could
not find Colman guilty OF shooting
McRac. but could only find him
guilty OF careless use OF firearms"
So they are giving Colman back
his gun.
The same Col. william T Colman
who, according 10 the testimony
and recommendations OF three psy-
chiatrists. is unfit for the military
service, whose penchant for drunk
enness and abusiveness to enlisted
personnel became matter OF pub
lie record when revealed TO the
court. has so far escaped all punish
ment for his crime with the excep-
ton Of mild admonition from the
n!ne men to "go. and sin no more"
How the court. in face OF test-
mony heard from September 6. to
September IA. could exonerate Col
man Of all but five OF the charges.
would remain mystery 10 report
ers who covered the trial but for
the obvious fact that the court mar.
tial was more concerned with saw
ing the former commandment from
disgrace than arriving al a just
verdict: or considered Colman's
honor. though rendered question
able BY the evidence piled UP
against him, more important than
human life. After all, McRae was
orlv a Negro private, and Colman
p commanding officer who evident
ly should enjoy the unique priv
!lege ~ getting drunk and shooting
enlisted men.
SO they are giving him back his
Gun.
Even Colman's staunch support
ers Woe temporarily shocked when
Cnl Hauc- Huston. OF the Signal
Corps Headquarters. Tampa, Fla f,
nd president OF the general court
martial read the verdict which re-
dJccd Colman from his temporary
rank ~ colonel 20 the permanent
"ank Of captain And reporters who
o'fercd odds that Colman could not
bly, i've out his sentence II
uvIce were done. accustomed as
i1cy are 10 pat cases agreed that
i cot even 2 stacked civilian court
would have had the effrontry 90
''prn such verdict in the face OF
/ evidence seains: the accused man.
Ard why was this verdict such a
hook Because trial judge sdvo-
ate Phillip d. OConuell. through a
ong. tightly welded chain az evil
dence, involved Colman In irregu-
lari,ies which were under lnvesti.
cation weeks before the McRae
shooting--irregularities first ex-
posed in the Michigan Chronicle
last February 20
] That Colmsn. on various occa-
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-09-25
Named AS Labor
Counsellor In
Southern State

ATLANTA--tANP) joel W
Smith. who for seven years has
been serving as vocational advisor at
Booker T. Washington high school,
Monday began work as labor coun-
sellor al the huge Bell Bomber
plant the frsi o, his race TO be
named in this position here
Present plans call for The plant;
g. use 260o0 workers wher j; be.
gins operation at top schedule. with
more than 5000 Of these expected
80 DC Negroes. Several other coun
sellers Will be named. II was dis
closed.
The position pays So 600 annually
Mr.. Smith, q graduate OF Morris
Brown college. has been working
SIS sports editor Tor the Atlanta
Daily World and is = member OF
the Southern Coaches and Omc.pls
assoc. alton and the Phi Beta : sna
fraternity
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-09-25

BUFFALO. N. Y.-(ANP)- The
real meaning OF democracy was
brought home 10 citizens OF Lacka-
wanna, N. Y. this week when Mayor
Michael j. Hughes. first citizen OF
me steel city, reaffirmed his Oft
repeated stand that democracy and
not lawleSsness would reign in
Lackawanna.
Standing pat that the rights Of
colored people would be respected,
the mayor Tuesday warned dis
satisfied element OF white residents
hat any attempt 10 take the law
INTO their own hands would be con.
trary TO the tenetS Of democracy and
the principles OF justice. law. and
order upon which his reign as
mayor Of the city is founded.
200-Unit Project
The Federal Housing authority
has recently completed a 200-unit
housing project for colored war
workers. White residents in the ad-
jacent area OF the Albright courts,
upon learning that Negroes would
occupy the project, began series
OF mass meetings protesting the in
filtration of Negro residents in the
community.
At meeting held Monday eve
ming at the ST. Anthony church in
Ingram avenue, Al Nigro. chair
man OF the meeting, severely crii-
cized First Ward Councilman Gros-
so and Mayor Hughes for their fail.
ure to oppose the movement OF Me-
groes into the Albright Court
homes. Mayor Hughes and Council
man Crosse were vehemently at
tackled for failure TO notify the
white residents Of the housing au-
thority's intention TO place Negroes
in the project.
Nigro's opposition, he told the
meeting. was his objection t. hav-
ing TO live door neighbors 20 IAN
undesirable class Of southern Me-
groes' but would have no objection
to having southern whites as door
ncighbors.
Occupancy Protested
NiSro headed a delegation which
visited the mayor Monday protest
ing the occupancy OF the homes by
Negroes. Tuesday Mayor Hughes
issued a public statement advising
the discontents that he had no pow
or to oppose the federal govern
ment. and was careful 10 warn resi-
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-09-25
Fast Spenders
Arrested Here

Brilliant police work on the part
81 a detective lieutenant and his
partner resulted this week in the
arrest OF two young women from
Bessemer. Ala: on a charge OF
being fug'ives from justice.
Lillian Barnes 81 years old, and
Mary Stewart. 20, we're accused Of
taking Slice from Irene and Dewey
Monroe. night club owners in Besse-
MGR.
The two women. according TO
Detective Lieutenant Wallace S
Williams and Detective William
Simmons had S727 when arrested
a ter having spent the rest OF the
stolen money on clothes and good
times while on their way 10 De-
troit.
Meanwhile the two women await
the appearance OF authorities from
Alabama and face possible charges
there for the reported theft Of the
Sl.l52.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-09-25
George Edwards
Wins Endorsement
OF Three Pastors

Councilman George Edwards was
introduced to the congregations OF
Second Baptist. Metropolitan Bap-
tist and Bethel AME., Sunday
September 10 The pastors OF these
churches. Rev. r. L. Brady. Rev
A. c. Williams and Rev. William II
Peck. were loud in their praise OF
the youthful councilman who ha:
championed the rights OF minoriue:
in the common council.
Sentiments that Mr.. Edwards wa:
the only councilman who had con-
sistently held a position favorable
TO housing and employment as well
as other controversial issues were
spoken for consideration at these
introductions.
Rev Brady warned that the Ne
gro should remember his friends
Rev. Williams cited the advantage
OF supporting a candidate who aid
cd all the people: Rev. Peck re-
viewed the present councilman
record both in the Detroit Housing
Commission and the Common Coun'
Gil.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-09-25

sions, was drunk and abusive TO
enlisted men, there was no doubt.
for both officers and enlisted men
testified to that effect.
That he was decidedly anti Negro
was proven when two men testified
that Colman had accepted an Off
GERS club as gift. with the under
standing that no Negroes would be
allowed TO use the club And this
point was again proven by 1t. Col
Paul A. Pctree. psychiatrist al
Percy Jones hospital who testified
that Colman "cxcitedly" said II re-
peatedly gave instructions that ]
did not want a colorcd chauffeur"
And that Colman was sane and
knew what he was doing when he
shot McRae was also proven by
1t. Col. Petree who quoted Colman
as saying will alcohol or amnesia
be in my favor"
His knowledge OF the transfer Of
an electric plant and refrigerator
property OF the government, the
tax payers-to the Jim crow lodge
was proven by three men who said
they transferred the equipment un-
der orders from Colman.
And that he was guilty OF fraud
ulently obtaining the transfer OF
at least one enlisted man TO Sell
fridge Field was proven by CORES
pondence arranging the transfer
over Colmans signature.
Charges OF "misappropriating'
government property. frsudulently
obtaining transfers OF enlisted men
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-09-25
Delegation Seeks
Senate Showdown

subsidies on food aud that he had
no objection to the proposal whare-
by the government buy food snd
resell il to the consumer at lower
prices
At the close OF the conference
Senator Walsh thanked the delega-
ton for visiting him and urged the
members to continue to advise him
concerning the general attitude on
legislation. In turn the delegates
promised to keep on writing him
their opinions on bills presented to
the senate.
Representative from the follow
ing organizations were present: st.
Mark Congregational church, Anti
Poll Tax committee OF Cambridge.
Roxbury international Workers or
der. Massachusetts, Civil Liberties
Union, Organizing Committee OF
the Marine and Shipbuilding CLIO
Of Hincham, National Negro Con-
gress, Communist club OF Roxbury.
NAACP, AFL unions and the Con-
sumers council of Roxbury.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-09-25

ROXBURY. Mass.-(ANP)-Un-
able to cite one instance OF a Me-
gro woman in the Waves, Spars or
Marine corps, Senator Walsh OF
Massachusetts, Tuesday told dele
CATION of so Negro and white men
and women that there was no dis
elimination in either the navy or
marine corps.
The delegation which was spon-
sored by the Roxbury committee
for women in war services. con-
ferred with the Senator for an
hour and a half though he had
previously stated that he could
spare no more than rs minutes.
The following are some Of the
senator's declarations: favor OF the
Murray Wagner-Dingell social Sc
curity bill; opposal to the sales
tax Although Senator Walsh voted
against the use of federal funds
for price roll-backs and though he
said at the outset that he was
against all subsidies. he finally told
the delegates that he agreed to
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-09-25
Buffalo Mayor Hints OF Lawless
Outbreaks AS Race Gets Homes

dents in the vicinity Of the Albright
courts that he would "be quick TO
suppress any trouble that might
arise"
Jesse E. Dawson, Lackawanna
housing manager. stated Tuesday
that it is the intention Of the Fed
eral Housing authority to fill the
housing project with Negroes The
government has decided that. as far
as possible. Albright court will be
filed by Negroes. Whites do not
have to move" Mr.. Dawson stated
The homes arc distinctly war
housing project. In the last month
43.4 per cent OF all applicants filed
came from Negroes. Occupancy is
expected 10 begin Immediately.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-09-25
Must Work Or
Land In Jail

MAINLAND - Msri police
determined 10 sec that able bodied
men in the Miami area either work
or fight swooped down or ne poo
rooms and beer .o.nts during the
past week and arrested p - initiate
the sll-out drive
The men. whose ages ranged
from ls 10 so. faced various charges
from falling to nave their selective
service registration cards. failing
10 keep up Az treatments for com
municsble diseases. 10 just plain
vsgrsncy Seven OF those arrested
proved they were working and we're
given their release Nineteen Of the
II arrested were Negroes. IL was dis
closed
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-09-25
BY 7. JOHN WOOD

SELFRlDGE FIELD-Col. Will
liam T. Colman. tried by general
court martial on % charges Of vio-
lating five articles OF war, con-
victcd on five Of the charges and
reduced TO the permanent rank Of
captain as punishment for his
crimes. is still Colonel.
The former commanding officer
al Sclfridgc Field. whose blazing
gun almost snuffed out the life OF
Private william r. McRae on the
carly morning OF May 5. is free
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-09-25
SEEKS 10000 MEMBERS

BALTIMORE-tANP)- Planned
as the greatest drive in the his
tory OF the branch. the annual
membership campaign Of the Bal
timore NAACP. with goal Of
10000, Will be conducted from Oct.
| through Oct. ID.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-09-25

Housewives were urged to continue
saving waste fats in a recent state
ment by Keith Babcock. Chairman oil
waste fats salvage. section OF the
WAYNE County Salvage Committee.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1943-10-06
What Is Required
Of Each Applicant

Where Books Can
Be Secured
Requirements For
Non-Residents
Residents Of Non
ABC Counties
Henderson daily dispatch., 1943-10-06
X X 4 r X X
r WITH THE COLORS 4
4 X 4 X 4 X

Fort Mcclellan. Ala. Oct. c.
Corporal Fred b. FariS. former Hen
dvrSun city fireman and the son Of
Mrs. Il. F.. FaIriS 22i Gary street
Henderson. has been awarded the
good conduct medal and will be
decorated by his colonel al u rcgi-
mental review huuurIng more than
$50 recipients ui the ribbon.
Corporal FarriS was indicted July
II. 1912. and AZ Fort Mcclellan he is
u iicld instructor III Company { al
the II Training Battalion. Infantry
Replacement Training Center. He
and his wife live III nearby AnriN-
tom Alabama.
Corporal FarriS iS Stationed at tnc
training center. which gives Il ihrn'
!g!I course III the care and use al he
many Infantry weapons which the
modern iuut-N"ldIcr employees when
ne goes INTO cuIubai a, i ius;-riaSS
lighting man.
Fort Mcclellan - ncu: Admission
Henderson daily dispatch., 1943-10-06

Ei'cl:vr October h AL County Boards will discontinue the issuing
NJ Permit Books.
That books issued convicted drunkenness
within - months fails his
family other dependents whom the County Board
merchandise for resale who violates the rules
regulations Boards Alcoholic
IN" County Boards To be- the sole Judge the eligibility of the
Henderson daily dispatch., 1943-10-06
Bank Asking For
Pennies As Result
Existing Shortage

There is a shortage oi pennies
in Henderson. III much 81 that
local banks appealed today Tor
al thn>r who have large sup
plies uf the >mall-valur coin to
bring them in il possible.
Children who have small banks
in the home. filled with pennies.
were urged To turn them over Ia
the banks in exchange Cor larger
coins. or for bank accounts.
The new white penny that i
81 like 4 thin dime i causing no
end nj confusion. IL was said.
and even with these there i
scarcity al the luWh coin.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1943-10-06

Alabama. northeast of Birmingham
in the southern tip Of the Appala-
chianS. II has complete layout OF
ranges for firing rifles, machine
guns. automatic rifles. and anti-tank
Henderson daily dispatch., 1943-10-06

arrangements for the event. with
j. ". jenkins. a. b. Young and J.
{. Briggs canned on tina, body.
DE-. y. II parham. post comman-
der. presided at the meeting. which
WAS we'll attended.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1943-10-06

Turtles return uncrringly 10 their
home if removed many mites.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1943-10-06

weapons a, ground and aircraft tar.
gets.
Detroit evening times., 1943-05-14

Roll Off Lines

MIDDLETOWN, Pa, May II
tUP)-The war department an.
nounced today through the army
air force depot command that the
P-47 Thunderbolt fighter plane is
in quantity production and re-
fpealed technical details OF the
craft being used 10 escort Flying
iFortresses over Europe.
The announcement said the 49,
I500-pound single-seater, manufac-
Itured by the Republic Aviation
Corp. flies in excess of 400 miles
an hour, IS capable Of performing
at 10000 feet and has a ferrying
range Of 1000 miles.
AS originally brought out, the
said, the low-wing
Imonoplane carried eight 50-caliber
machine guns with a fire power Of
.6400 rounds minute. Powered
by a Pratt q Whitney R-2S00
motor rated at 1000 horsepower.
with turbo-Supercharger. the
P-47 fuselage is 81 feet long and
the wing span Al feet.
Detroit evening times., 1943-05-14
$4,000 in WV;
Jubilee Ends

The individuals part in the re-
construction of the world after the
war was outlined by Dr.. Warren
Wheeler Pickett. pastor of the
First Congregational Church. at A
dinner closing the golden Jubilee
membership campaign of the
YWCA last night.
Mrs. Karl 3. BrundaGc, nem-
bership chairman reported that
the Detroit Y now has 10000
an all-time high.
Special guests at the dinner
were Miss Nina Gutekunst. active
for so years, and the first
Y secretary here; Miss Ida Jane
Peterson of Royal Oak, first.
membership secretary and Miss
Leona Belt, one of the first 1000
members in the city.
Detroit evening times., 1943-05-14
NATURAL RESENTMENT

The talks were given 10 a group
of soldiers during their first four
days Of basic training, he eN-
plalned.
Detroit evening times., 1943-05-14
: To Appeal
State Firings
Time. staff Correspondent

LANSING. May 14-Three OF
the eight state employees dis
charged by the liquor commission
as result of Wayne County Pros
ecutor William J. Dowling's in
-vestigation into alleged favoritism
shown SDDs. will appeal their dis
missals, Civil Service Director
Thomas J. Wilson said today.
The three who hope for rein
statement are Ben Greenberg
Gregory Gacki and Frank Pierce
Both Greenberg and Gacki, who
were liquor store clerks, will be
heard by the civil service hearing
board Tuesday. Pierce. a store
manager, will be heard in about
! 10 days, Wilson said.
Detroit evening times., 1943-05-14
MAY FEAR FATHER

The child who draws pictures OF
aggressive animals such as tigers,
snakes and lions may he suffering
from a fear Of his father and even
desire TO kill him, a paper pre-
pared by DR.. Lauretta Bender and
DR. Jack Rapport of New York S
Bellevue Hospital. stated.
Since children do not recognize
the gulf that separates human be-
ings from the animal world in
their drawings, they may be re-
placing the father by an animal
the paper declared.
\ Music can reach mental patients
through the thalamus, the brains
seat of emotions and feeling, wher
the spoken word has failed TO dc
so, DIR. Ira NJ. Altshuler, associate
psychiatrist at EloiSe Hospital
told the assembly
Detroit evening times., 1943-05-14
All Soap Types
Have Prices Set
By0PA0rder

Household soap today was placed
under nationwide dollars -and-cents
ceiling prices by the OPA.
The action established maximum
prices for more than 100 varieties
and brands Of soaps and washing
powders. with retail prices to re-
main at levels of January, 1912.
Officials said no roll back OF
selling prices is necessary because
soap prices have remained constant
under previous maximum price
regulations.
Detroit evening times., 1943-05-14
UNDERGOES STRAIN

"The transition from civilian
life il 80 abrupt that he under
goes strain" Mai. Cohen said.
THE CiVilian-sOldier experiences
many conflicts as he is con-
fronted by new customs and
regulations.
Disturbances Of digestion. res.
piratlon and circulation are some
of the typical symptoms which
may result, he added.
1t is natural for a child to bc
completely Self-centercd and self.
lsh but, the sooner he realizes that
his environment cannot be
changed TO suit his whlms. the
better. according 10 DR.. Horace G
Miller Of Salem. Ore.
"As the child grows in aware
ness, II IN natural for him TO try
To control the world I'm his own
interest" DR.. Miller said. "Only
in this way does he learn what
Is part of himself and what Is
not"