davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-10-16
THIS AND THAT
By Charles E. TracetDell.

whirling character. Persons who are
sensitive to musical pattern will agree,
we believe, that the impression this song
gives them is Of wheel going round.
Not all birds have such symmetry In
their vocal outpourings.
The singing Of the mockingbird is Of
q different character altogether. It g
flowing, never the same, going on and
on. with rapid changes, long lingering
passages, short limitations Of other birds,
all bound together by the magic of the
singer.
The limitations of other species are
very good, on the whole. Some of them
are good enough to fool any one, If they
were not gathered together and run one
after the other
There Is no chance, thus, Of any one
mistaking these interlarded' melodies, II
he will listen long enough to be sure 1t is
q mockingbird.
One never hears a wood thrush's song
at this time Of year-unless 1t is done by
a waggish mockingbird perched In
dogwood.
1t must be admitted that the thrush
song is not one Of the mockingbird's best
limitations. There is something in the
vigor Of the thrush's melody which
escapes the master musician, as capable
as he is. Instead of getting the wild
free quality which distinguishes the
thrush song, the mockingbird in his
imitation of it usually manages nothing
better than rusty quality, as if his
vocal chords needed bit of oil.
Flocks Of robins pass through these
days with scarcely a sound
Only Lilly Belle, the pet robin, still
sings for her raisins.
This singing is a jolly sort of CALL
rather than song. 1t has In it none of
the rainy-day quality of the true robin
song in spring and summer.
Llly's sounds are just calls, intended
to convey the idea that raisins are still
acceptable.
Just when she will fly South again is
not known at this writing. Last fall,
her first. she went South with a band
about the last Of October. Probably this
fall she will stay as late.
Keeping her company as the raisins
shower down is catbird and some
others.
Mockingbirds will cease to sing when
cold weather really comes The frost
nips their song as it does vegetation
Some Knockers will remain all winter.
1t Is good plan to prepare for them,
and put out bits of doughnut, their IA
vorite food, at some place other than the
regular feeding place for the smaller
birds
Mockers are temperamental. Often
they indulge in dog in-the-manger"
tactics, much to the disgust of friends
Of birds. who want what they put out to
be available to all the species which
winter here. 1t is good idea to put
food for the mockingbirds on some other
side of the house. so that the bold
mocker will not be tempted to chase the
small fry away.
Evening star., 1943-10-16
Language Controversy

From the Topeka Capital.
For centuries, French has been con-
sidered the language of culture. every
where in the world. More recently,
Spanish has grown to be the language
of trade, although Portuguese has been
edging up in South America. During
the 1943 session of the Kansas Legisla-
ture, Representative Harold Malone of
Wichita unsuccessfully introduced bill
to make the teaching of Spanish COM
pulsory, on the theory that much of our
future will be linked with South America.
At that time, it was pointed out that
Spanish is dwindling in Importance.
Arguments pro and con will go on
long after the war ends, with perhaps
almost every nation insisting that it has
the only practicable language for the
world to use. Whether Churchills basic
English" wins out is matter for time
to decide
Evening star., 1943-10-16
Cos

It seems incredible that the bloody
hand of modern war should touch
the surprisingly beautiful little
island of Cos, yet the tiny gem of
green upon the blue of the Aegean
has been caught in the ruthless
sweep of the prevailing global strife.
Only one hundred and eleven
square miles in area, Cos lies nearer
to Rhodes than any other member
of the archipelago and therefore has
strategic Importance. The popula-
ton, including Greeks, Turks and
Greek-speaking MohammedanS from
Crete, in 1886 was reported as
slightly less than twenty thousand.
Approximately half of the total num-
ber of residents are assembled in the
only town on the island-a small city
which, bearing the same name, rises
above an ideal harbor. Mountains
characterize the south coast. A fer
tile plain, yielding luscious fruits,
spreads east and west. The climate
is delightful. Melons, grapes, olives,
figs and famous variety of lettuce
formerly were exported in quantities
to the continental mainland, ship
ments going to points as distant as
Stockholm and Edinburgh.
The islands history reflects its
paradisial atmosphere. Settled in
remote antiquity by Dorian colonists
who worshiped Asclepius, it became
celebrated for its sanctuary. The
6rst school of scientific medicine ever
Evening star., 1943-10-16
FOURTH STREET, Sc.

Ocdr Or.
This morning I heard a bird-and
what bird'it was! It was perched on
the top Of an evergreen in that beauty
spot near the hothouses. am very poor
at description but am curious to know
what kind 1t was.
{ 1T was about 10 inches long from end
to end--had small head and a small
beak, and very long tail. It was built
like they tell me a good singer is built,
all body and thin legs, not beautifully
feathered-it appeared to be gray with
the underpart a bit lighter.
"Entwined in its varigated songs and
chirps was this pretty. pretty, pretty.
Can you enlighten me?
Yours very truly, H. NJ"
II 1t had white on it, 1t was rnocking-
bird; II it didn't, it was a catbird.
The chances are it was q mockingbird,
because these have been outdoing them
selves in song everywhere this fall
1t Is not always that the mockingbird
sings even better when cool weather
comes than he did in the heat.
This is Southern species and so does
not mind the heat, but it is also our
bird, some OF them remaining here the
year around.
The fall singing seems to be even
more fluent than ever. This is fluent
bird, OF course. Singing is no new thing
to him. Every now and then, however,
he seems to do better than usual.
This has been particularly noticeable
this autumn, since the leaves have be-
gun to fall.
They like dogwoods. Almost everv
dogWood has mocker. They are par
ticularly thick along Brookville road in
nearby Maryland.
Mockingbirds have an especial place in
the hearts OF some bird lovers.
They often mistake their song. how
ever, sometimes believing they hear a
mocker when all the time they are lis
tening to catbird The latter is not
always given credit for being fine sim
ger, too.
The mockingbird shows a great deal
of white when he flies. This is the sure
way to identify him. There are not
many gray and black birds hereabout. at
anytime OF year, and none except the
mocker which has much white in him.
He is a hearty bird and this ALWAYS
makes him some enemies. He protects
his nest with vigor, slanting down We
hemently at any enemy, fancied or real.
Often he accompanies his attacks
with grating noise which is very dis
agreeable to human ears No doubt this
noise is intended to be disagreeable.
There are not many birds which 70 on
singing spree in the fall
The Carolina wren is one.
This is true wren, larger than the
common house wren, and with an en-
tirely different sort of song.
The song of the Carolina wren is of
Evening star., 1943-10-16
Effective Method

From the Christian Science Monitor.
At meeting of his production ofii-
GERS Henry Ford was told by them that
their nearest competitor in the auto
mobile field was fast overtaking them
They looked glum.
'Yes," said Ford, I'm afraid our
competitor has accomplished what he
set out to do
What do you mean?" asked one OF
the men.
Well" said the motor magnate,
those fellows are trying to get your
minds of your work. And they seem to
have succeeded mighty we'll" The meet
ing was resumed with no further men
ton Of the competitor.
Evening star., 1943-10-16
Warning From Moscow

The Russian newspaper Pravda, Of
fetal organ of the Soviet Communist
party, has thrown liberal dose of
cold water on any hope that the
forthcoming Moscow conference will
cover the broader aspects of the
questions between the SovietS and
their Anglo American Allies which
remain in the unsettled stage.
1t may be taken for granted in a
matter of this kind that any position
adopted by Pravda is the position of
Premier Stain. Certainly the views
which that newspaper has expressed
in its editorial discussion of the Mos
COW meeting are in complete har-
mony with the views of Mr.. Stain,
and are the views which his repre-
sentatives may be expected to pro-
pound to Secretary of State Hull and
Anthony Eden.
According to Pravda, the Soviet
government is interested only in dis
cussing the second front" Military
cooperation must precede economic
and political decisions, Pravda says,
because mutual operations directed
toward quickening Hitler's defeat are
a necessary premise for deciding all
postwar questions" This, it would
seem, is tantamount to saying that
Russia will not discuss political or
economic questions until there is an
agreement on military issues, which,
in the Soviet view, means the OPEN
ing of front in Western Europe con-
forming to specifications that have
been laid down in Moscow. Pursuing
this line of thought, Pravda plainly
indicates that the Soviet government
has no intention, under any circum-
stances, of discussing such matters
as the future status of the Baltic
States or Russias postwar boundaries.
Every one must know" Pravda says,
that the Soviet Unions borders can
no more be topic of conversations
than, for example, the borders of the
United States or the status of Cali
fornia."
On its face this is blunt notice that
Russia intends to make her own deci-
sions on such postwar settlements as
she deems Immediately important to
her own security. And it is also
notice that she will discuss nothing
in which the United States and
Britain may be interested until the
latter powers have met the conditions
which Russia lays down as essential
to her concept of full military CO.
operation.
This is warning which may fall
unpleasantly on Anglo American
ears. But, when it suits their pur-
pose, Stain and his aides are out
spoken, if nothing else, and in this
instance their candor should be
welcomed. The limitations which
Pravda has imposed on the Moscow
conference should not be taken as
meaning that nothing will be accom-
plished. On the contrary, 1t is en-
tirely possible that it will be produc-
tive of results which will prove bene-
fetal to all concerned. But if it is a
fair assumption that Stain, through
Pravda, has laid his cards on the
table, there is no reason under the
hun why any one in the United States
br Britain should now build up ex-
pectations of results which probably
would be doomed to disappointment.
The most that can be hoped for as
an immediate result of the Moscow
conference is better military under
standing. But if even that much can
be achieved it will be a substantial
gain.
Evening star., 1943-10-16
Encouraging Step

TieS4oeuG NOOSeVelLS announcement
that the administration is taking
definite action to establish an orderly
and unified procedure for the re-
vision and readjustment of war con-
tracts in the light of constantly
changing military requirements. It
will be reassured. too, to know that
special attention will be paid to
problems likely to face industry when
those contracts are ended and when
great number of plants and vast
amount of equipment will no longer
be needed to turn out tanks and guns
and ships and planes and other
weapons now being produced In
torrents.
To this end. according to Mr..
Roosevelt. separate unit is to be
set up within the Office of War
Mobilization under the supervision
of Director James F. Byrnes. Its
immediate task will be to create an
efficient system for the readjustment
Of contracts affected by war develop
ments. At present this sort of work
is being done by various agencies,
the War and Navy Departments
alone being engaged in revising more
than 5000 contracts involving sew
eral billions Of dollars. Under the
new arrangements, presumably, hit
and-miss methods could be held to a
minimum, thus saving all the indus
tries involved considerable amount
Of grief and confusion.
A continuing program of such ad-
justments will be necessary as long
as the war lasts. The reason for this
is that production needs conform
to the trends of battle. An impor-
tant Allied advance on some land or
sea front, for example, may mean a
marked shift in emphasis on the out
put Of tanks or certain types of escort
vessels. Factories in some areas, in
other words, may have to make sharp
reductions in turning out this or that
product, while factories in other
areas may have to step up their
schedules, and the revisionS upward
or downward-in manpower or raw
material requirements head
aches for the contract holders. The
new unit to be created within the
Office of War Mobilization will have
the responsibility of making this re-
adjustment process as painless and
sound as possible.
In addition, in the Concordance
view, it will have the responsibility
OF studying the problems that will
fall upon industry and the country
as whole when events make it pos
sible to terminate war contracts.
Chief of these problems will be that
Of reconverting to civilian produc-
ton and disposing of plants and
property-much of it now controlled
by the Government-whose use for
military output will end with the
approach of peace. In announcing
this new move, President Roosevelt
has emphasized that it is designed
primarily to add to the effectiveness
OF our war effort and that we still
have long, hard road to travel be-
fore we reach rehabilitation time.
Yet, to the extent that it is meant
to increase efficiency, tailor produc-
ton to battle needs and prepare for
the period when that production can
be appreciably cut down, it is an en-
couraging step all around.
Evening star., 1943-10-16
Advocates Definite Commitment
On the Part of the United States.

On the Part OF the United States.
To the Editor of The Star:
Yes, history does repeat.
After "a years the question Of whether
or to what extent we are willing to CO.
operate with other nonaggressor ma
tions in maintaining postwar world
peace is again before the Senate.
A closely related subject to the fore
going is What is our attitude going to
be on this question at the coming Mos
COW conference of Allied powers?
Josef Stain, as we have found, is
very practical and realistic man. He
is likely to insist upon knowing just
what is meant by Cooperation with
comrades in arms" ETC.. as expressed in
terms Of tanks, guns, ships and man
power.
well-known political analyst recently
has written a book entitled United
States Foreign Policy" in which he
proved, historically, that we haven't any.
Would it not be helpful, before enter
ing the Moscow conference, to have a
definite and formally expressed Senate
policy on this matter, indicative of just
how far we are willing to 90 and to
what extent our cooperation may be
depended upon in maintaining future
world peace? That would seem only fair
to other engaging parties.
WILBUR H. CLOSE.
Evening star., 1943-10-16
Letters to the Editor

Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address of
the 1Uriter, although the use of
a pseudonym for publication is
permissible. The Star reserves
the right to edit all letters NTH
a Uie1D to condensation.
Evening star., 1943-10-16
Sovereignty Considered
BY Single Tax Advocate.

To the Editor Of The Star:
The isolationists of America and Great
Britain are shouting to their respective
countries not to form any international
alliance to preserve the peace. Each
claims for his country the surrender of
sovereignty through such an alliance
The fact Is that already there exists an
international alliance, but it is an
alliance among certain isolationists and
not among the peoples OF the world.
In one breath the isolationists COM
plain about a loss of sovereignty and in
the next they express an indescribable
fear OF Communism. wonder when
some OF our Congressman and certain
special-privilege seekers are going to get
1t through their heads that an alliance
with Russia to prevent in the future the
horrible slaughter the world now Is
witnessing does not mean an indorse-
ment of Communism.
1t is not peoples international alli-
ance that will bring Communism to
America and to Great Britain. Isola-
tionism, rather, with its trade -strangling,
monopolistic policies will produce the
widespread poverty which is the most
conducive agent of Communism, Fascism
and war.
When isolationists speak of sovereignty,
do they mean power for the masses of
human beings who are now sweating,
bleeding and dying? The rivers of blood
now flowing in Europe and Asia are the
fruits Of sovereignty as we have known
1t in the past.
The people Of America are not inter-
ested In shedding their blood and paying
taxes for the sake Of maintaining a sov.
ereignty which Is not theirs.
Evening star., 1943-10-16

A million tons of coal, mined fifty
years ago near Pottsville, Pennsyl-
vania. unsold and forgotten, have
just been rediscovered. At the other
end of the scale, of course, is the
fellow who found a needle in a hay
s>,ck.
Evening star., 1943-10-16
Labor Union Officer
Discusses Chinese Exclusion,

To the Editor Of The Star:
President Roosevelt's message to Con-
gress, urging repeal Of the Chinese ex-
;lusion laws, focuses public opinion
sharply on long anachronistic limitations
against the people of friendly nation.
1t is to be hoped that Congress quickly
will pass the Andrews -Magnuson bills to
admit Chinese to citizenship on q par
with other nationals.
Within the week the American Feder-
alton OF Labor convention In Boston
instructed its Executive Council to make
. thorough study Of the question Of pos-
Evening star., 1943-10-16

Bowling alley proprietors report
that in spite Of strikes, business is
Just rolling along.
Evening star., 1943-10-16

O. How far up the Hudson River is the
tide perceptible?-L S.
A. The dam at Troy. about 1870 nau-
tical miles above New York City, is ths
head of tide water on the Hudson River
Evening star., 1943-10-16

There are not many birds which 20 on
singing spree in the fall
The Carolina wren is one.
This is true wren. larger than the
common house wren. and with an en-
tirely different sort of song.
The song of the Carolina wren is of a
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1943-02-11

The War Production Fund is
the money-gathering agency of
the National Safety Council. A
delegation of its officers, now
touring IA key industrial cities,
hopes eventually to include in
its campaign every American
who is old enough to walk, talk
and think. In doing SO it will be
carrying out the Presidents ap-
peal for every citizens in his
public and private capacity to
enlist :. and do his part"
First stops in the tour were
Minneapolis and st. Paul, where
the drive set general pattern
that will probably be followed
in every stable community.
Press, radio and even ministers
from their pulpits announced the
campaigns opening. One the OPP
ening day the slogan, Stop Ac-
cidents Now" appeared on the
bumpers of all street cars, cabs,
delivery trucks. highway patrol
cars, and many private autos. 1t
was printed on hotel and res
taurant menus, and even on
signs in the hands of SCHOOLGIRL
dren's snowmen.
Billboards, street banners and
store windows proclaimed the
safety drive. A big electric pow
CIR company sent out $4,000 acct
dent-prevention pamphlets with
its monthly bills. Most of Mimi
esota's 100000 farm families re-
ceived safety messages from a.
600 neighborhood leaders and
forest rangers.
ALL OUT FOR SAFETY
One day was devoted to acct
dent prevention in each Of the
following fields: industry. farm,
home and school, traffic and
highway. The Red Cross, police
and fire departments and schools
gave safety and first aid demon
STATIONS.
The Twin Cities 100000 war
workers drew names of enlisted
men from Minnesota from
bowl, and made them this indi-
vidual pledge: I'm cooperation
with this program requested by
President Roosevelt, l promise
to work safely to help stop ac-
cidents, and to work steadfastly
so that no man in the armed
forces of the United States may
lost his life because Of lost pro-
duction through my negligence"
Industrial safety is particular
ly important this year, since an
estimated 100000 women will
join the production army. There
will be other millions of men
too young and too old for the
armed forces. This means mex
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1943-02-11
BY JAMES THRASHER
NEA Service staff Correspondent

Days battle costs u. S. u.s.
900 Killed and Wounded" Z.
$4,000 American Bombers Lost
Last Year" "All u. S. War
Plants to Close 1 IL Days Each
Month"
What if those grim headlines
were to appear in tomorrow's
paper? It's not pleasant n.y.
pothesis. And it's even less plea
SAINT when you know that those
headlines represent the truth i'll
Americas nome front war
against the unseen enemy, Ac-
cident.
Accident dealt us some dam
aging blows in the year that fol-
lowed Pearl Harbor. But this
month the War Production Fund
to Conserve ManpoWer, mobiliz-
ed ID months ago at President
Roosevelt's request, is opening a
counter attack.
HALF-BILLION DAYS LOST
It's object is to win back from
this unseen enemy the 100000
900 man-days lost in l942-man
days equal to ID shutdown days
for each factory, man-days
enough to build $4,000 heavy
bombers or fleet of merchant
ships, or to outfit 100000 sold
iers. 1t is a campaign to halt the
preventable slaughter that killed
$4,000 Workmen last year and
permanently disabled 165,0O0 on
the production front, and that
took total civilian toll of 100,-
600 killed and more than 9,000,-
600 injured.