davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-10-19
A Welcome RuIino

The decision of the Supreme Court
to review the legal controversy
between the Hecht Company and the
ONCE Of Price Administration will
be welcomed for reasons that go
far beyond the interests of the
parties Immediately concerned.
This is controversy in which the
people as a whole have a direct and
vital interest. The Hecht Company
admits certain violations of OPA
price regulations, but contends that
the violations were inevitable in the
conduct of its business. As a defense,
1t pleads good faith" and an earnest
attempt to comply with the regula-
lions. But counsel for OPA assert
that good faith is no defense. AS
they interpret the statute setting up
the OPA, any failure to comply with
the price regulations is a violation
OF law subject to the punitive
processes provided by the act. Hence,
as they see it, the courts are deprived
OF any discretion to distinguish be-
tween willful violator and an
honest businessman who, despite his
best efforts, runs afoul of any of
OPA's manifold regulations. This
does not mean, of course, that every
businessman who makes mistake
is going to be prosecuted by OPA.
That agency exercises a discretionary
function of its own, and, in accord
ance with its own appraisal of the
facts, it may institute proceedings
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-10-19
THIS ANDTHAT
Robins are on their way back to the
By Charles E. Trse,oeu.

Robins are on their way back to the
Southland.
This Is good time to look them over
and come to greater appreciation Of
their many good qualities.
They fly in flocks at this time OF year.
Dropping down on lawn, usually in
the afternoon, they spread out over the
ground. looking for their favorite food.
Then it Is easy to see them and to be
surprised as a correspondent Of this
column was, that they have white
ring around each eye.
Their size also amazed me-" this
Falls Church, Va, correspondent wrote.
Truly the robin is large, a real game
bird.
Sometimes we tend to forget this.
1t was not until comparatively recently.
in the long history of bird life, that
robins became songbirds, with the laws
protection.
In many of the States, especially in
the South, they were classed as game
birds until 1914, when they oflcially
became "songbirds."
1t is easy to see, watching robins at
close range in the fall, why they were
regarded as game.
They not only made good eating,
but they were easy to shoot.
Their very size made them good
targets. They were easy to catch, at
night, especially when gathered to-
gether in huge flocks, Just prior to the
spring migration North.
That robins collect in these great
bands is not generally realized in the
Northern States. The only approach
we have to the huge spring gatherings
is the small bands which come together
to go South in the fall.
=
We who are the beneficiaries OF the
spring migrations seldom stop to con-
slider "how come" We like the robins,
and welcome them back, but never
know, in most cases. how they come
to US.
This banding together is a system not
used by most birds. Is 1t because they
are large birds, and hence feel that
they will be more subject to attack
by man? The passenger pigeons, ex-
terminated long ago. were large, too.
Neither their size nor their collecting
in bands saved them.
The robins occupy one or two counties,
in some Southern State for several days
every spring.
During these times the game wardens
must be out in force, because the very
prohibition Of robins as game tempts
some people.
Severe penalties are meted out in the
courts against those killing robins at
this time.
4
The robins do not leave the South
in such gatherings, said to number at
least 100000 birds.
They fly IN focks OF about 100, which
decrease In size as the robins get
farther North.
Usually by the time the birds come
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-10-19
Dr.. Martins Address

The address delivered by DR.. Carlos
Martins, Ambassador of Brazil, at
the Carnegie Institute in Pittsburgh
last week, deserves more careful con-
sideration than perhaps it thus far
has had. Certain portions of it are
richly provocative of philosophical
discussion.
For example, DR.. Martins frankly
declares that: 1T is our bounden
duty to conjugate all efforts
toward peace" that will not be IAN
extended armistice merely, but a
brotherhood unrestricted by ex-
elusive interests" and then says that
what is wanted involves "a revision
of the notion Of sovereignty" Sim
liar views, of course, have been put
forward by other publicists. The
Brazilian Ambassador, however, goes
further when he argues: THE state
is not above the law and free of its
sanctions" and any government at
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-10-19

against an offender or it may refrain
from doing so. But this is a power
which would lead to grave abuses if
there was disposition to misuse it,
and it has no real bearing on the
fundamental question whether a
citizen, once accused, has a right to
more than a merely formal hearing
in the courts.
The lower courts are in serious
disagreement on this issue. Some
have accepted the OPA view of the
matter, while others have insisted
that any man is entitled to come
into court and prove that he was
acting In good faith and that he
was honestly trying to obey the law.
The latter is the view which con-
forms to the American concept of
justice and fair play. If the contrary
view is to prevail, then it seems
eminently desirable that the ST.
preme Court, and not some lesser
authority, should say so.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-10-19

tempting to inflict its will upon its
neighbors will encounter a juridical
limit" in war.
In support Of his thesis, DR..
Martins next contends: "Interna-
tional society is a reality as vivid as
is the national entity" Anticipating
the day when order, justice and
decency will be restored" he proph-
estes: THE experience born of the
present struggle will be fruitful only
if this idea of international unity
be made general policy, equivalent
to a practical acknowledgment by
all nations of the existence of a
supreme law, common to all, the only
means to prevent universal anarchy.
1t is pressing, therefore, to establish
an international equality in principle
and in representation, within
an inequality of resources, powers,
situations, levels and degrees of
progress; neither great nor small
states, neither strong nor weak, but
states only, all equally DESTROYS of
creating and maintaining peace"
Dr. Martins in these words, obvi-
ously, rejects the claim that equality
is possible only between equals. AS
against that theory, he opposes the
conception of all people living under
the aegis of a single moral authority.
President Coolidge, he recalls, pro-
claimed: "An act of war in any
part of the world is an act of war
against the interests of my country"
The Ambassador Of Brazil employs
this language to the same conclu-
sion: THE common denominator of
war and peace is necessarily the
world in its entirety, despite polit-
ical diversity of peoples and nations
with their particular interests, re-
indications, protests, aspirations
and rights"
Since mankind's conflicts have
been endemic" DR.. Martins log
ically demands that their cure shall
be universal" Let us show and
use the precious quality of being able
to learn" he pleads in closing. May
the errors Of the past be a lesson
to u.s."
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-10-19

to Wilmington and suburbs they are
IN nos Of about so birds each.
the annual spring landings are
mssesby many bird lovers.
Theavorite time of day seems to be
about O'Clock in the afternoon.
Ihe bins spread out over the grass,
just hey do in the fall, each bird
taking I certain amount OF territory
to patro,
In theall the bands are reduced in
size, ranag from half dozen to "a
birds. Thy seldom remain in one
yard morethan half an hour.
These tN facts, that they come at
time VIII, many persons are away
from home,and do not remain long,
account 1orthe fact that many bird
lovers have ever seen this interesting
phenomenon.No doubt many person
not particularly interested in watching
the bros hasloticed 1t wouthout pay
Ing much attetion to it, not realizing
that it is wor, noticing.
IL Is goodidea for persons inter-
ested in Ameris's birds to get a small
supply-We wiz not call 1t hoard-of
raisinS and curants,
These require our points per pound.
They will helpout the robins at this
time OF year, andnany other birds, and
will be waiting fo.them in the spring
Robins really ned extra food when
they first arrive. hey usually manage
to hit here when is very cold and
raw. Not only mustthey face the cold,
but they cannot fd worms, as the
latter are still downbeneath the frost
level. Often there l. a snowstorm or
two after the robins ome back.
At such times many ersons who have
not otherwise thought the birds want
to know what to feed te robins. They
try bits of bread, but 'oreet to soak
them in water or milk Next spring
there may be no milk, at least for
robins.
The secret supply of resins or cur
rants will be just the ting to help
out these fine birds. Seeds and grains
will do for many species, ut not for
robins, mockingbirds and Others.
A pound or two of raasins at such a
time. may mean the difference between
life and death.
Nothing is too good for hem. we
believe. The robins are so mach re-
spected and loved that, like sole per-
sons, they are too often just taku for
granted.
To become robin conscious is a God
thing. It means that many more pr
sons will be willing and able to hep
them in time Of need.
This column knows, from the call
which come to it, that thousands Q
persons want to help the robins, in tn
cold spring. but do not know exactl
how to do it. We are now telling then
Get few pounds of raisins and cur
rants, and set them aside for tn
robins in their time OF need. If tn
Government can hoard millions G
pounds Of butter, an ordinary fanil
can keep q few pounds Of raisins.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-10-19
Furlouqh
No one had seen him Ueep, ercer
hje boreo

No one had seen him weep, ercer
his horse,
The day his son went of to ua,.
His loss
Was total for the boy, man-grown,
iDas strong
And bore the heaviest burdens Nth
song
As though the ,uork OF farming vos
not 1Dork
But play. 1t seemed as though some
subtle qutrk
OF fate had spirited the boy away
And left votd whtch ,oidened day
by day.
Winter came-and spring. He
plo,0ed the land
And planted 1t. The sunny saraband
OF days Increased the old mans
loneliness
And then, as though the days OF
long duress
Were but a dream, his son, on fur
Tough, came
TO help him cut the hay, singing
the same
Old Day and then, grown suddenly
old and Craze,
Talking OF ,Dar and men Uho tied
to SdDe
Tomorrow from the laceratng cld,p
OF terror, 11htle his father stirred
Nth aUe-
Compounded halt OF pride and halt
OF 1edr-
At finding him 30 distant phue so
near.
HARRY E1MORE HuRD,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-10-19
Story Of Slums
No Novelty to Clergy.

No Novelty to Clergy.
70 the Editor Of The star:
Just to keep the record straight, I'm
a bit afraid that your description of
the ministers tour of the alleys was
presented in such way as to give the
public, perhaps. the impression that the
ministers were being shown something
that they didn't know about. and your
readers might be tempted to wonder
how Gomez"
I doubt. however, If there was a single
minister to whom this tour was any
thing but an old and sorry story. The
conditions revealed have been earnestly
rebuked from many pulpit. The very
routine Of their ministry has led the
clergy from time to time to bring some
balm OF Gilead" into these shameful
shacks. For is years they have been
appealing to Commissioners and con-
gressional District committees to do
something about 1t. Let US hope that
this time we shall get some worthwhile
action
ALBERT JOSEPH MCCARTNEY,
Minister, the Covenant-First Presby-
terrain Church.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-10-19
Trivial Issue" Of Secrecy
Discussed Expediently.
TO the Editor Of The Of

Az sAe EoitoT Oh Aue war:
Your scholarly Oxonian, Raymond p.
Brandt, contributes to The Star Of Octo-
Der 10 his two columns worth toward en-
lareing what in these times does seem a
trivial issue: When and where is secret
military news to be made public? For
what little it may be worth. here's the
reaction of one oldster, an avid reader
OF war news, who, to get that news hot.
pokes his nose daily into places where
there are news tickerS: I'd rather wait
another day-a month"; year-yes.
until those ponderous tones which will
hold the memoirs of generals and states
men finally reach print, than risk the
blood of one single fighting boy, by spill
ing the news too soon. May the censor
always when in doubt favor that boy,
and ignore completely us who sit safely
home with The Star in our hands and
our ears glued to the radio
An irritatingly uncomfortable war
this! Doing business no pleasure now"
grumbleS my lunchroom man. wish I
could turn the key and walk out on the
place" My butchers sure this Standard
lzing and limiting cuts and making him
put grade and price on each one violates
every paragraph of the Bill of Rights.
Union leaders protest the Little Steel
formula plus job freezing turns free
American labor into virtual slaves. And
the ever articulate farmer, surprised in
finding for once that his commodities
are scarce and sought for, discovers
suddenly the unconstitutionality and in.
iquity Of farm subsidies, and extols fer
vently the beneflcence of Natures great
law Of supply and demand. Each of us
carefully transplants the roots of his
crouch deep In the soil OF some noble
principle.
So no wonder inconvenienced and irri-
tated newsmen trot out their own sacred
cow-Freedom of the Press-although
ever since Owl started this poor crea-
ture has been MIXED almost into state
of anemia.
But, amid all the clamor of petty COM
plant, is 1t too much, gentlemen, to beg
you: Spare us petulancy on the bart
OF the press? DWIGHT r. SCOTT.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-10-19
Burma Road

The famed Burma road is In the
news again. though this time in an
unfamiliar sense. We are accus-
toned to think of this celebrated
highway as Free China's severed link
with the outer world and to specu-
late hopefully on its possible re-
opening If Lord Mountbatten's pro-
jected offensive from India this
winter should wrest Burma from
Japanese hands. However, the cur
rent japanese offensive from Burma
into Southwestern China seems
aimed at using the Burma road for
japanese purposes as an overland
shortcut to better their hold on
their Burmese prize.
A glance at typographical map
OF Southern Asia shows what the
Japanese high command apparently
has in mind. China's southwestern
frontier bastion is the province OF
Yunnan which is wedged between
Burma on the west and the French
colony Of Indo-China to the south
east, both being in japanese occu-
patton. Yunnan Is mass of noun
tain ranges, mostly running from
north to south and interspersed by
narrow valleys through which run
several rivers flowing out Of China
into Burma or Indo-China on their
way to the distant sea. The Burma
road cuts across those mountains
and valleys, thus enabling the Chi
nese to establish successive defense
lines against japanese advance
from Burma along the road itself.
But 1t is always possible for the
Japanese to make flanking attacks
up the river valley from Indo-China
and thus take the Chinese defenders
OF the Burma border in rear. Be-
sides those valleys there is the rail-
way line from Hanoi in Northern
1ndo-China to Running, the capital
OF Yunnan Province, which is a key
point on the Burma road. The Chi
nese section of that railway has
been dismantled, but the roadbed
remains and could be repaired by
japanese engineers. Once that was
done, Japan would have rail con-
nectlon from the excellent Indo.
Chinese harbor of Haiphong to Kun
ming and thence by truck along the
Burma road to- the railroads of the
Burmese railway system. This
would give Japan a much shorter
overland route from the China Sea.
which it dominates, to Burma. That,
IN turn, would eliminate the long
water haul around the Malay Pen
lnsula and up the Bay of Bengal to
Fangoon, Burma's sea gateway.
This idea has doubtless been
cherished by the japanese high
command from the start. But it
mas not become pressing until the
emergence of threat to it's sea
communications from the British
fleet in the Indian Ocean. heavily
reinforced as this now is bv naval
UNITS released from duty in the
mediterranean. Should that British
meet gain command of the Bay of
Bengal, the Japanese could no longer
supply their Burmese garrisons bv
sea, and their only present alterna-
tive Is over an improvised highway
from Thalland through mountain
Gus jungle country. This logically
enhances the desirability of the
Burma road project. The current
japanese offensive from the Bur-
mese end of the road may therefore
be interpreted as the opening move
IN what could become a much wider
operation.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-10-19
Schweinfurt-A SYMBOL

force of sixty bombers in a single
raid on the German ball-bearing
factories at Schweinfurt last week
seems appalling. But what we must
learn to remember, as the aerial
warfare against industrial Germany
increases, is not to Judge the Sc
verify Of our losses on the basis of
single operations and never to count
them without striking some sort of
balance between our losses and the
damage inflicted on the enemy.
General H. H. Arnold's unusual press
conference yesterday was designed
to make clear these and other points.
The Schweinfurt raid accomplish
ed its mission, which was to knock
out the remaining large-scale Ger
man source of ball bearings for
production of engines-not merely
arplane engines, but engines for
trucks, tanks and submarines. Our
losses were high; but the cost of this
successful and important mission
was relatively small.
The reason it was small is that
this raid was merely another step in
the execution of a pattern of de-
struction by air force that is the
greatest single threat to Germany's
ability to fight. 1t is not the single
blow that counts, but the repetition
OF single blows, the effect of which
accumulates as they are delivered.
The ability of the Germans to knock
down sixty of our bombers is, of
course, important. But it is not
nearly as important as the ability of
our air force, despite this loss, to
put out of operation the ball-bearing
plant at Schweinfurt and to make
up the losses suffered in the raid.
Our losses will be made up. Germany
is unable to make up her own.
In the aerial attack on Germany.
we have two main detectives: First,
destruction of the target, which is
the industrial strength of Germany:
second, destruction of the Ger
man air force. Our precision, day.
light bombing has demonstrated its
effectiveness on such targets as
Ploesti, which knocked out about
AZ per cent Of Rumanian refinery
production for year; at Regenspure.
which took out some 40 per cent of
MesSerschmitt production; at Mari
anburg, where plant producing ITO
Focke-Wulfes a month was left In
complete ruins; at Schweinfurt, and
at other carefully chosen targets.
The German air force is being re-
duced by these and other raids. and
the substantial number Of fighter
planes they lose in their desperate
resistance is looked on by our air
men as a mere by-product of the
overall program of destruction.
Germany's fighter production.
which was 1920 in August, fell to
800 in September, with the effect
of recent raids still to be measured.
She has stripped her other fronts of
fighter production to concentrate a
defense against daylight bombing
attack. She knows she must stop
this attack or be ruined. She threw
everything she had into the great
est aerial battle of the war over
Schweinfurt-and lost.
We shall continue to pay a price
Tor what we are doing to Germany.
But the price we should remember
Is written in terms of Germanv's
losses. They outweigh, in a proper
ton that steadily rises, our own.
Ihey strike at Germany's vitals.
Ours remain untouched.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-10-19
CureIessness Takes Lives

From the Topeka Capital.
Probably no other country on earth
is as profligate in the needless expendi-
ture of human life as the United States,
in the sacrifice of life at civilian tasks
When we mourn our losses on the field
Of battle we forget that while these men
die Of necessity and for a cause which
benefits us all, others-many thousands
more-die here on the home front for
no other reason than that we have not
yet learned lessons In safety,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-10-19

A great postwar invention should
be a transparent icebox, to relieve
the minds Of those chronic worriers
who always wonder if that light in
side really goes out when the door
closes,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-10-19

Soon the Nazis may have to re-
treat to the Bug River line. A good
name for military headquarters
there would be Bug House, in honor
OF the great military genius who
decided to attack Russia.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-10-19

Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address Of
the ,Drtter, although the use OF
a pseudonyn for publication is
permissible. The Star reserves
the right to edit all letters with
q UieU to condensation.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-10-19

Mr.. Laurel Explained
As Filipino Opportunist.
To the Editor OF The Star:
Tall, lanky, bespectacled, scholarly,
1l1ty1sh Jose p. Laurel q the Filipino
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-10-19

@. What is binnacle?-H. G. M.
A. A pinnacle is a framework or case
on the deck of a ship, in front of tie
steersman, and also in various other pt-
sitions, containing nautical compass,
and fitted with lights by which the con-
pass can be read at night.
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1943-08-28
AWAY ON VACATION

Friends of Mr.. Robert F. Bell,
outstanding contractor and realtor
of E. Monument Street, are happy
to know that he is enjoying much
needed vacation in Chicago, H., as
the guestof his brother and sister
ln-law, Mr.. and Mrs. William A.
Bell of that city. He states that he
is being extended every courtesy
that will make his vacation a truly
delightful one by his sister-in Law,
a recent bride, and a teacher OF
beauty culture at the Lydia R.
Adams School of Beauty Culture.
Mrs. Bell was before her recent
marriage to Mr. William A. Bell
the former Olivia Vance.
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1943-08-28
JACKSON SOCIAL NEWS
8aaR8a&9a9s8sN9s8Ra
BY SARAH McNEAMER HARVEY

Bishop Henry L. Caver presiding
was we'll represented in the Nat
ional Holiness Convention here
this week. The following members
attended: Bishop H. Caver, Mr.
and Mrs. Walter Moore, Mrs. Geor-
gia Renager, Mr.. and Mrs. NJ. Phil
lips, all of Chicago. Rev. and Mrs.
Gilbert, Detroit, Michigan; Mrs. c..
R. Calling, Missionary of Gary;
Mrs Eliza McField, Missionary,
Chicago Mrs. L. V. Phillips, Chi
cage; Rev. L. M. Relf, Chicago;
Rev. J. ]. Peterson, Gary; Mr.. and
Mrs. T. A Nichols, Rev. c. E.
Owens, Chicago; Rev. and Mrs. A.
Alive, Chicago; Mrs. Sarah Bar
nett, Mrs. p Wright, Mrs. Rebecca
Williams, Miss M Hughes, Miss Y.
Rudd, Miss Eliza Robinson, Mr.
and Mrs. John Gordon and fam
lily, Mr.. and Mrs. E. T. Johnson,
Rev. Jessie McGarra, Chicago; Miss
Eunice Summers, Rev. and Mrs.
Mcpherson, Mr.. H. Montgomery,
Mrs. Elizabeth Hines, Mrs. Helen
Mccoy, Mrs. Ruth Majors, Mr.. and
Mrs. Andrew White, Indianapolis;
Mrs. B. CASTOR, Mr.. and Mrs. Nc
Gee, Rev. and Mrs. G.. w. Revels,
Chicago; Mr.. and Mrs. Ball. Mrs.
A. Martin. Mrs A. Pleasant and
Mother Pleasant.
Other highlights of the conven-
ton will appear in our next issue.