davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
La gaceta., 1943-11-19

retaguardia iba aprendie0d.
trategia. Cuando los -
traidores disparaban con nav
ahinco eran los dominro-'.
pues de comulgar tai vez
esos dias e vecindario
raba no salir de casa. n /.
blico saba tambien que .,Il..
eran las menos expuestas : !.
obusea, Y cuales los lupares NJ.
temerosos. Aai en- Ia Red de- q.
4 ia-llamada "de Ia muerte1
en- ID plaza de CASTELAR,, entire
gIorieta de Quevedo y Ia de Cha.
'tro Caminos, en- Ia Gale de &,
Bernardo, en- Ia De Alcala ' IN I
de Hortaleza, los viandantes als,.
gaban el trance. Y mientu.
Madrid luchaba y MORA, q ri.
historic de instruction Ptble,
atento q "a proximidad De ID.
holgorioa nayidenos, organisabs
Ella Semana del NihO". y Il 81
core Roio international preps
.raho sLa nnchohnena dol ~
batiente". Iniciatiyas que inter
polaron nm fneaz akron De tai.
nura en- 81 brutal hnrackn de- /
hecatombe.
Alrededor De ID ciudad Il Data
.lla continuaba sin que ningun
de los eisrcitos cc~ntendientes p
desc una tregna para enteum
sus muertos. Jamas Ia f~erOcida
humane ray6 tan alto. Los qs
caian en- "a zona s~eparativa q
los aproches rivales no debian q
perar auxilio, v Quien arEastrin
dose intentaba salvarse, era aeii
billado q balaz0s. Centenares a
cadaveres, muchos hOrriblement
apIastados por los tanques, u
clan entire Il barro y sus earn
mas en- decomposition empezabm
q oler.
Juanito Munoz regresaba ID
sector de Boadilla del Monte, pn
donde eI enemigo reaIizaba IN
ataque fren6tico. En- e paseO De
Alberto Aguilera VIC 3 su Vsct
NO, el senior Primitive, que sala
de an portal. JuanitO fren6 81
motto y 81 carterO Sc lie aeerco
Habia enflaquecido, 81 cuello pa
recia salirsele de IL camisa J
sus cabellos, CRISES 81 verano an
terror. estaban cast blancos. Y
expression de So rostrO anunela
ba malas noticias.
-Deseaba tr0pezarte - ezela
mo para decirte que . esq
dos %hermanas, refugiadas en-
casa, debes echarlas a IA cane
iTd ME conocesA.. Cuando haOl'
asi tendre motives. iSon unas p
corasl
Con estas palabras paresiols
- - -
La gaceta., 1943-11-19
- AsEDIO - MADRID
90 EDUARDO ZAMACoIs


rio, entablaban los "chatos' con
Ii aviaci6n rival. Las gentes Sc
habian habituado tanto a Ia md-
sica de las baterias que reconocian
a los cahones leales por la voz y
muchos de ellos les impuso apo
dos que luego los periodistas DE-
vulgaron. Los mayores, por ser
los al emSs ruido hacian, eran
los mas populares. "A uno 10 nom-
braron eel Mariana; q otro Eel
Felipe. al que tenia q roncar
mas hondo Eel Abuelo'. III peli-
gro Sc convertia en juego; IA ri
So triunfaba De "a muerte y la
ponia en- ridiculo. Los canones-
es regla general disparaban
acompasadamente. 81 p6blico 10
Saba y cuando entire una detona-
ci6n v otra madiaba mas tempo
del ordinario, los transedntes, bro
meando sacaban Sd reloj:
Use canon atrasa-decian.
Al Ia Avenida de ri Marean
|Iugar muy wsitado por los pro-
yectiles facciosos empezar0n
IS llamarla ia "Avenida de los
Obuses9 Y despuss Il "Avenida
del ounce j medic; y 8 d pla-
za De Bilbao, donde las bombas
.habian cavado varios aguieros
enormes, la plaza del "Gua". nom
bre de una diversion infantil que
sc jnega hacienda en- Ia TERRA
an hoyitc para meter ca 81, im-
pulskndola con 81 dedo, una boz
lita de eristal.
Id6ntico humor campaba en- Ia
Inca de- fuego. donde los ale
names eran conocidos por Eos
moros rubios''. ALI, Ia pelaa
por alusi6n 81 color de- Ia sangre-
IL llamaban eel tomato; y Al
ata6d Eel traje de MADEIRA. De
los falangistas, mozos de casas
ricas POGO incIinados 8 alistarse
en- las fuerzas do choqae. se de-
cia cue eran namas seeas" por-
que mo daban 81 pecho's. Y euan-
40 alg6n miliciano Gaia herido
sofia exclamar r~efiri6ndose a los
dias que habria de estar hospi-
talizado:
-iLos fascistas me hen dado
IN permisoi...
Era 81 regocijo serene, sin
amarguras, de Ia Resignation, Ii
musa de los ojoa secos que naci6
en oriente = crece en- 81 Destino.
Amancebado con Il muerte des-
de hacia cinco semanas Madrid
Sc d~esangraba sonriend0. 81 es-
piritu collective Sc habia endure
cido v recobraba Ia calma, por-
que el sufrimiento afloia 81 al
d0lor que 10 motiva dura mucho
tempo. Como la vanguardia, Ia
La gaceta., 1943-11-19
~PocRoMos EN-
tviene a. ID Ia. Pdeina)

fViene IA Ii "a. PdGinal
te q manos de los bdlgaros.
s. han recibido r~eciente-
mente n0ticias de detenci0.
mes en- masa de judl0s en
Rumania para ser entrega-
dos a los nazis. Egtos 0lti-
mos tratan de justificar es-
"a nueva ola de terr0rismo
afirmand0 que los judiOs
son ''responsables de todas
las decisiones tomadas en- la
conferencia de M0sc1".
Esta nueva persecution
empez6 en- las primerag se-
manas de octubre, cuando
los panaderos rumanos re-
cibieron orden de no ven-
der pan a los judios. Con
anterioridad, 81 Gobierno
ruman0 habia impuesto cuan
tiosas multas q los judlos.
Como 6st0s no pudieron re-
unir las cantidades pedidas,
fue deportado a Ia Transd-
niestria 81 doctor Filderman,
iefc de la comunidad iudia.
De Bucarest.
Seg6n los inf0rmes Nega-
dos i trav6s &c u Cruz Ro-
la suiza. Toe judios ruma-
nos deportados 8 Is Transd-
niestria, como los que huge
ron d Rumania, desde POI
lonia, Austria. Chec0esloya-
Quia, etc, reciben solamen-
te d Ii hora dc Les conf
dae una sopa de p~atatas,
sin nia9una cantidad de
pan. IA pesar Dc an r6gi-
men alimentieio tan pohre,
s. les obliga 4 trabajar en-
los b0sQnes, "a Ia construc-
ci6n de- caminos " en- los
trabaios dc demolici6n Y des.
c0mbr0 exigidos por los BON
bArdeoe. En les juderias de-
Copaioorod, Jaru9a, Popiv-
II Cnsamite. Mohilev, Shine
rinka, Kasatchiovka. Katma
GOV Zatien6 solo Sc da sopa
4 los depoEtados. v los hu6r-
fanos de los iudios que han
falleeido ia eli viaje a Trans
dniestfla. 8 debido 3 las con-
diciones intolerables del re-
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1943-01-07
Women Of Brituin
Taking More Jobs
40oL Of War Workers Wom-
en- And Number Expected
To Rise Soon To 509o

WaShingtOn.-A picture drawn by
the Office of War Information, of
British women ut war work which is
likely to reflect much of tomorrOw's s
picture of American women at work"
shows that 40 per cent of all British
production workers are women and
that the figure is rising to Il point at
which it soon will equal that of men.
BaSing its description on reports of
the British Supply Council, which
credit to the women of Great Britain
''much of the magnificent achievement
of British industry during the war;"
the agency said that all but 5,5OO,OOO
Of the 1725O,OOO British women be-
tween the ages of II and 60 were en-
gagged either in industry, womens uni
formed services or as full-time civilian
defense workers.
British women I'm every walk of
life today are working long hours and
with extraordinary efficiency in the
aircraft, tank and munitions factories,
in the shipyards, on the railroads, on
the land and i'm lumber camps, To men
ton but few of their many pursuits, -
ii stated.
These facts were among those given
Aircraft plants are employing large
forces of women. In welding, detail
fitting and SubaSSembly work, all EN-
ployccS are women, and on viewing
and inspection work 50 per cent are
women. In one large aircraft factory
30 per cent of the rivcters are women.
One Spitlirc plant employs 81 per cent
women; in another plant women mount
guns on Hurricanes.
British shipyards employ three times
rs many women workers aS they did Il
year ago. They work in gear-fiting
and light machine shops and i'm blade
and rolling mills.
OF the G39,OOO railroad employees i'm
Britain, 100000, or about Is per cent
are women; they do track repair work,
but are not allowed to drive loco
motives.
| Employment of women with house
hold responsibilities on part-time work,
particularly light assembly has been
successful.
Women over 40 make the best work
crS and are more thorough, more
reliable and more willing To learn.
Women past 10 have insisted on work
ing in some plants
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1943-01-07
War Work Curbed
Through Sickness
Hygiene Survey Discloses
100000 600 WorkddYs Are
Lost Each Yeur

With more than 100000 men and
women employed in war work, war
Industries are losing manpower at the
rate of 136OO0,0O0 workdays per year,
or an average of more than 2,5OO,OOO
workdays weekly, through illness
alone, according to the annual report
of the Industrial Hygiene Foundation,
released recently. Sickness is by far
the greatest single cause of absentee
ism, claiming an estimated eight work
days per worker yearly, the report
stated, adding that the other main
causes are accidents and voluntary I'M
availability.
The foundation, collaborating with
the United States Public Health Serv-
ice, is conducting a study to help re-
duce sick absenteeism in the indus
tries Statistics are now complete for
fourteen of the participating member
companies for the year 1941, covering
absences of eight days or over. Based
on this data, an individual analysis of
each cOmpany's experience was pre-
pared by DR.. w. Nj. Gafafer, senior
statistician, division of industrial hy-
giene, United States Public Health
Service, and has been sent to partici-
pating companies, it was stated.
In the mining industry, where the
problem has been acute, District 2 of
the United Mine Workers and the
Central Pennsylvania Coal Producers
Association are working together for
! maximum production and maximum
efficiency" the foundation pointed out.
One encouraging sign in the problem
of absenteeism, the report stated, is
that there has been lessening of the
nothing can be done about it, atti-
tude. More and more companies are
now keeping accounts of absences and
adequate records revealing the causes
help toward solution it was said
The swift influx of women into in
dustries, many of them filling jobs
previously regarded as mems work, "
has been another major development
of the year in the field of occupational
hygiene, the report pointed out. The
successful employment of women i'm
poses new responsibilities on manage
ment respecting health and safeguards.
| it was stated.
The introduction of unfamiliar and
new chemicals in manufacturing pro-
cesses, some with little known toxic
effects, demands even greater attention
| to plant hygiene measures, the report
continued. DermatoSes, it was pointed
out continue to be the most common
of all occupatiOnal diseases.
| During 1912, the foundation con
Quoted more plant hygiene surveys
than in any previous year. The investi-
cations, supervised by DR.. Frank X.
Holden.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1943-01-07
Labor Asks Study OF
Postwar Problems

Stockholm ULNS). Representatives
of women's organizations in Sweden,
Labor Federation, conferred with
Prime Minister Per Albin Hanson and
Gustav Moller, Minister of Social
Welfare. Formation of IA committee
charged with an inquiry into Swedish
economic and social postwar problems,
include Il study of reconstruction plan
ming abroad and the contributions that
Sweden may be able to make in post.
war relief, it Was urged.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1943-01-07
Sebring Potters

(Continued From Page One)
ly wounded whatever the case may
be, and to the American mother, wife
or sweetheart the loss is just as great.
Years before the war, the Ma
tional brotherhood of Operative Pot
ters through our president James NJ.
Duffy, introduced resolution at the
American Federation of Labor con-
ventiOn, which was adopted, and a
nationwide boycott of Japanese goods
was inaugurated in East Liverpool on
December 13, 1887, with a huge parade
and bonfire burning of all Japanese
goods found on the shelves of stores
by local merchants.
This demonstration did not seem TO
make a partical of difference to some
of our SO-called business men, whose
patriotism is measured by the dollar
sign, and whose eyes were blind to
everything bu the dollars flowing into
their pockets through the purchase
and resale of the products of japanese
slave labor. Despite these warnings
and the continued protests of Union
Labor they continued to purchase
Japanese goods, regardless of the in
jury to the American worker or how
much it helped finance the japanese
war machine, so long as it meant extra
dollars for them.
Our boys through sweat and blood
suffering and privatiOn, to say nothing
of the heartaches of those left behind
and the amount of dollars taken from
the pay envelopes of the American
worker must smash this machine built
up largely by American dollars and
supplies furnished by some unprin-
cipled business men.
Just what would you call this type
of person, who has a Buy Defense
Bond and Stamp" sign in their display
window and japanese goods on theil
shelves? Surely not loyal Americans
|-O.C. 50.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1943-01-07
Liberties Union Questions Action
On japanese. But Finds Civil Rights
Better Gudrded Thun In World War l

leasing as many as possible is
helping to undo in part what was
DONE"
Liberties Held Not Intact
Disputing claims of public officials
that civil liberties are intact after
year of war;" the organization charged
that japanese evacuated from the Pa
cific Coast are confined to virtual con-
centration camps
Other exceptions to claims that civil
liberties are intact, the union said,
are:
International censorship of opinion,
especially that dealing with race dis
elimination; postal censorship of pub
lications allegedly impeding the war
effort without heading or specifica-
tions in many cases, and Federal prose
cution for alleged seditious statements
without showing of "clear and
present danger" of illegal acts.
Favorable Aspects Listed
On the favorable side the union
listed:
Relative freedom of debate and crit
cism; lack of mob violence and perse-
| cution; removal of restrictions on Ital-
ian aliens; prosecution of peonage and
investigation of lynchings in the South,
and the Fair Employment Practice
Committees fight against racial and
religious discrimination.
"On the whole" the union concluded,
though the overall picture is favor
able to the maintenance of democratic
| liberties, particularly in freedom of
public discussion by press and radio,
| in the growing protection of Negroes
| rights and in the reasonably satisfac-
tory adjustment of labor's claims, con-
stant vigilance and effort are plainly
necessary to protect the rights of those
minorities which inevitably suffer
pressure and injustices under the ten
sions of war"
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1943-01-07
PATTERN MAKERS ARE
NEARLY 100 PER CENT
ORGANIZED IN u. S.

Chicago - The p ttern Makers
League now has $1,000 of the 1850
pattern makers in the United States on
it's membership rolls, President George
q. Lynch reported in a speech at Il
banquet of the Chicago local.
Wages obtained by the union in the
last year. Lynch revealed, are the
highest in the history of the organi
Zation, which is five times as big as 1t
was in 1884. Hourly rates of $1.70
have been established in job shops and
$1.50 in manufacturing plants.
The union has won every NLItB
election in which it has participated,
Lynch told his listeners. He also
stressed the democracy within his or
ganization.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1943-01-07
Scores MESA
For War Strikes
Approves Panel Criticism
OfM. Smith. Independent
Leader At Briggs Plant

Washington - Condemning Matthew
Smith, national secretary of the Me-
chanics Educational Society of Amer
lea, an independent labor organization,
for highly irresponsible and repre-
hensible actions" in calling strikes in
war industry plants, the War Labor
Board unanimously declined to rein
state seven members of the society at
the Briggs Manufacturing Company's
Connors Avenue plant in Detroit.
The board approved the recommen-
dation of Il panel which criticized Mr..
Smith for calling strike at the
Briggs plant on Nov. + and Il general
sympathy strike in eighteen other De
troit war plants on Nov. Z, involving
5000 workers.
The panel held that in calling the
strikes Mr.. Smith was seeking to force
the WLB to assist his union i'm OBJ
tanning negotiations with the Briggs
management and to circumvent the
company'S contract with the United
Automobile Workers, G. |. O., which
granted that union exclusive bargain
ing rights.
The report was signed by Judge
Walter =. Stacy, head of the Supreme
Court of North Carolina, public mem
ber; George Nj. Rogers and j. f..
Walters, industry members, and Mil
ton Murray, labor member.
Ernest Weaver, the second labor
member, who is vice president of the
Confederated. Unions of America, Il
new organization of in d g pen d e n t
unions headed by Mr.. Smith, dissented.
He held that the seven employees
should be reinstated because they left
their jobs "in the interests of self
protection He contended that the
U.A.W. .CI.O. members from the plant
should be dismissed for violating the
company'S rule" on leaving their jobs
or that the seven men should be re-
instated.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1943-01-07
Local Union ia
continued From Page OHr)

continued From Page Onr)
California He told of conditions exist
ing on the west coast which have been
brought about by the war. His letter
was very informative and we wish To
thank Brother HUI and To extend
seasons greetings to him and his
family.
Don't forget al our next meeting We
will have the nomination of National
Officers for our Brotherhood. We de-
for this important meeting. Make ii Il
point to be there and bring Il fellow
decorator with you.
The financial secretary wishes me
TO inform You that YOU can save ten
per cent of your dues If you pay ON"
year In advance Since il is the first
of the year and you are checking over
your accounts and bills, il is II good
idea To get your dues book ont and pay
up for year in advance. 1t will save
n lot of trouble for both YOU and our
financial secretary and save YOU ten
per cent too if you follow this pro-
cedurc
Seven new members were initiated
at the meeting. They We're Thclma
Crestorc, Marie NarduzZi, Jean Ton
izzo, Ora Vaughn, Josephine Nolan,
Dale Vinegar, William CrOWc-O.C.
12i
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1943-01-07
AFL And CIO Coll
(Confinued From Pa1e One)

(Confinued From Page One)
order to help our fighting forces and
speed the day of victory.
This past year has been one of
suffering and turmoil for the American
people, as our nation mobiliZed its full
strength for combat on the fighting
fronts. But, compared with the people
of other lands, we have thus far been
spared the worst effects of war. And
instead of being weakened by the drain
or war requirements, our nation has
been strengthened morally and physi-
cally by the supreme call to service.
We are united as never before against
the enemy's challenge to our way of
life. Labor and management, working
together i'm Il cooperative spirit, are
accomplishing miracles of production.
In the year ahead labor and industry
will back up our men on the fighting
fronts with the greatest output of
planes, tanks, ships and guns the world
has ever seen.
For this reason, and because of the
demonstrated superiority of our fight
ing men in battles against the enemy
on land and sea, it is not optimism but
common sense to look for Il decided
swing in our favor i'm the fortunes of
war during the coming year.
America and her Allies are now on
the offensive. We are determined never
to halt until the hateful and intolerant
forces opposed to us are crushed for
all time.
$50 let us look forward now to that
glorious victory-a victory which must
bring lasting peace in its wake and
provide opportunity in our own land
and all over the world for an era
of social and economic and political
advances which will wipe out the dis
graceful oppression and cruelty of
man toward man in past years.
I'm that spirit, l extend to Amer
ica'S soldiers, sailors and marines, her
production soldiers and her vast army
of patriotic and cooperative citizens,
best wishes for Il happy and victorious
new year"
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1943-01-07
Committees Report
(Contiuued From Pa0e One)

(C0nttnued From Page One)
and step in the right direction is
seen if any of the suggestions are put
into effect.
The question of whether it is a state
law, whereby no female is allowed to
lift over twenty pounds at her work,
was again discussed pro and con, but
this matter was left in the hands of
Il committee appointed by President
Kelly who will meet with out national
officials and endeavor to carry out
some of the suggestions which We're
made at the Sunday meeting. This
committee is composed of the following
Brothers: POdewels, Digman, Grafton,
Gatrell, Clutter and Brooks.
confereeS at the wage conference, di-
vided honors equally in submitting
their report. Both brothers stated they
We're sorry they could not report a subj
stantial increase in wages, but there
is still hope that something may be
granted, pending our request to the
War Labor Board This was left in
the hands of the Executive Board and
we are sure they will do all in their
power to help us.
Brother Luther Hall gave his re-
port of the carryingout conference
ut which an agreement was reached
which will benefit the trade as a
whole. Details of this agreement will
be made in our next letter to the
Herald.
Brady Bowersock is back at the
trade after three months spent in Bos
ton, Massachusetts. Brady had alotS
of praise for the Herald, and told of
how he looked forward each week for
the letter from No. u
a committee from Local Union 124
appeared at our meeting and outlined
the action taken at the meeting with
the transportation committee at the
city hall. We feel hardship is placed
on these brothers and sisters by the
proposed change in their working
hours, and we went on record as agree
ing to do all we can to help them-
O.C. II.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1943-01-07
PATRICK JOSEPH CARR

Kokomo, Ind.-patrick Joseph Carr,
SS. 1913 North Courtland avenue. who
came 10 kokomo years ago from Tren-
ton. n. j., as boss kiInman TO open the
Great Western Pottery and later the
kokomo Sanitary Pottery, which
burned Thursday night, died ut his
home, at Z 20 o'clock Friday morning,
December -.
He came To kokomo with William
CoXon to start the first pottery and
was associated with |. n. Miller in the
opening of the pottery destroyed
Christmas Eve.
Mr.. Carr was born in County Sligo,
Ireland but he had been II resident
of kokomo for 80 years
He is survived by two children, Il
daughter Agnes Carr, who is head
nurse at the Continental Steel plant
here, and Il son, Francis Patrick Carr,
who is employed with the Sheffield
steel Company at Huston, Tex.
Funeral services were at ST. Pat
ricks Catholic church at 10 o'clock
Monday morning, with the Rev. Father
Robert J. Halpin in charge Burial
was in Memorial Park cemetery.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1943-01-07
SAMUEL Il. MCDOWELL

Samuel t.. McDowell 81, died
Wednesday, December 30, ut 4 30
y. III. at his home, 126 West Center
lane, following Il brief illness
Mr.. Mcdowell was an employee OF
the Homer Laughln China Co., Plant
No. 4.
He is survived by his widow, Mrs.
Alice McDOweIl his father Joseph
Mcdowell of East LiverpOol two sons,
Earl Mcdowell of East Liverpool and
Donald Mcdowell, ut home two
daughters, Mrs. Jack MenOugh, ut
home and Mrs. Joseph Desenze of East
Liverpool; two stepdaughters, Mrs.
Elizabeth AlcOck of East Liverpool
and Mrs. r. w. Tullis of Alliance; one
sister, Mrs. G. j. Beabout of Baden,
Pa, and eight brothers, Joseph Me
Dowcll, John Mcdowell, James Nc
bowcll, Thomas Mcdowell and Arnold
Mcdowell, all of East Liverpool,
Charles Mcdowell of Newark and Don
aid Mcdowell of Conway.
Services We're held from the Dawson
funeral home Friday at 3 80 p. IN. by
Rev. Arthur French Jr., acting pastor
OF the First Presbyterian Church.
Burial was in Spring Grove cemetery.