davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-05-02
48-Hour Steel Week
Deereed by McNutt
Under Hiring Ban
Failure to Comply Means
New Men Can't Be Hired
Without VINO Approval
~ the Associated Press.

~ lAe AsSoSAAIeu IIess.
Manpower Chairman McNutt
last night decreed a 48-hour
work week for blast furnaces,
steel works and rolling mills and
set July as the final date for
compliance with the order.
He ruled that the 48-hour work
week must be established by June /,
If no workers are to be released in
making the change, and by July /,
If 1t Is necessary to lay off employees.
Under the order, any steel mill
working less than 48 hours after
June will be penalized b. not
being allowed to hire new workers
without War Manpower Commission
approval. Mr.. McNutt said the
action assured that more than 525-
900 steel workers will be on a 49,
hour basis by July /.
Definition Given.
1t defined blast furnace, steel
works and rolling mill as covering
any establishment which is primar-
lily engaged in the production of
pig iron; or in rolling, forging or
drawing crude iron or steel into
semi-finished or finished products;
or whose pig iron production is al
located by the War Production
Board.
Mr.. McNutt, who acted under
President Roosevelt's executive order
giving the VINO authority to order
a 48-hour week wherever it deems
necessary, said the steel industry
now Is averaging only Ais hours,
with some plants running as low
as 81 hours.
The action will be equivalent to
adding $4,000 men to the Nations
labor forces, Mr.. McNutt said, as
serting all workers released by the
steel mills in going to the extended
work can be placed readily in other
industries by the United States En-
ployment Service.
Mr.. McNutt's action followed the
extensive consideration of the spe-
cial problem of the steel industry,
including conferences during the
last few days with the regional di-
rectors OF the VINO, Mr.. McNutt's
statement said.
Maximum Production Aim.
This order will assure maximum
production with a minimum of
workers. 1t will enable not only a
full use Of existing facilities but
would release much manpower nee
essary for the new facilities which
will come into operation within the
next few weeks.
Under the order no blast furnace,
steel mill or rolling mill working less
Evening star., 1943-05-02
Count Fleet Triumphs
By Three Lengths as
$4,000 See Derby
Blue Swords Second,
Slide Rule Third;
Winner Pays $3.50
By SID FEEDER,
~ DA A S
Associated Press Sports Writer.

LOUISVILLE, KY, May L.
The Fleet sailed into port with
the 69th Kentucky Derby today
without even getting up a full
head of steam.
Just as was predicted almost
unanimously for this wartime re-
newal of the ancient turf classic,
Mrs. John D. Hertz's Count Fleet
he has been tagged 'The Fleet" or
1.-THE Count" ever since he sky
rocketed to turf prominence a year
ago-made parade of this renewal
of this ancient run for the roses.
A comparatively slim crowd esti-
mated as 10000 by Col. Matt Winn,
the Downs impresario - slim
compared to the 90,000s of other
years-roared him home as he did
just what he was supposed to, in the
way he was supposed to do. But he
didn't need their roars, because he
took the lead when he wanted to
in this mile and a quarter heart
breaker" and there wasn't another
galloper in the race with enough
get-up-and-go in his hoofs even to
challenge him.
Ocean Wave Misses Race.
The only hopeful that might have
made him speed up from waltz
to two-step was Warren Wrights
Ocean Wave and the Wave wasn't
even on the track. Three hours
before the plaintive notes of "My
Old Kentucky Home" drifted over
this picturesque race course Ocean
Wave was withdrawn because of
an injured leg-and whatever horse
race this Derby might have been
stayed right in his barn with him.
AS a result, the Fleet broke out
in full battle array after bouncing
along with some of the others in
the field of 10 for half a mile and
from there on it was just a gallop.
At the wire, he was three lengths
in front of Blue Swords, the pride
and Joy of Allen T. Simmons,
Akron (Ohio radio station owner,
and nine in front of Slide Rule,
from the barn of w. E.. Boeing,
the Seattle airplane manufacturer.
And all the way back, they were
stretched out just like that, all the
way back to Burnt Cork, the entry
OF Eddie Anderson-Rochester OF
the radio-that was just as unani-
mously the pre-race prediction to
finish last as the Count was to be
first to the spayoff line for the pile
of bank notes amounting to $50, 0,725
which was waiting for the winner.
The victory of the Hertz hurri-
cane, freely forecast after he was
backed down to / to 2 in the future
book" shortest price In Derby his
tory-and knocked down to to 5
In the mutuel machines today, was
about the only thing in this derby
that didn't fit into the pattern
which made this the strangest Of ali
Of Col. Matt Winn's annual affairs
at the picturesque Downs.
Continued on Page C.l. Col. 81
Evening star., 1943-05-02
OPA SIdshes Ration Values
On Fruit and Vegetable Juices
Dehydroted Soups Are Removed From List;
New Meat Points Go Into Effect Toduy

istration announced that so per cent
of butter and 10 per cent of the
cheddar (AmericanD cheese pro-
duced in May, June and July would
be set aside for purchase by the
armed forces and lease-lend. This
compares with 80 per cent of butter
and so per cent of cheese which
has been set aside for Govern
ment purchase since February. The
change will enable filling of Gov
ernment requirements in the peak
production period, avoiding short
ages of civilian supplies in the low
fall and winter months.
All fruit juices except pineapple
were cut in point value. Point price
OF tomato juice Was cut by half, No.
2 can being reduced from II to six
points. Canned ana bottled berries,
(C&a ~ ArAy~
Evening star., 1943-05-02
Army Will Supply
American Flags
To Fly at Mines

By the Associated Press.
The Government yesterday
assured mine operators that
they will have American flags
to be flown while the mines are
being operated as Government
property.
It was announced that the
Army will supply flags to mines
that don't have them, but the
mines will have to supply their
own flag poles.
Secretary of the Interior
1ckes' kilograms to mine op-
orators instructed them to
ny the nag OF the United
States On the mining premises"
Evening star., 1943-05-02

WHETHER lIoOpS Will pe DTOuSHt
into this big bituminous region was
reported authoritatively to depend
on whether there is trouble when
the mines are reopened, presumably
Monday, under the direction of Sec
retary of Interior Ickes. An in
formed official said it would be the
Governments policy to let the oper-
ators continue to run the mines
unless strikers tried to interfere
with those wanting to work.
Some public officials predicted
that many miners would be back on
the job when the Government takes
over. The others, said these off,
cials, gradually would return when
they realized they were working
for the Government in time of war
Evening star., 1943-05-02
Mine Owners Pledge
To Cooperate Fully
With Presidents S Edic|
Prepared to Surrender
Properties, but Doubtful
If Workers Will Return
By the Associated Press.

PITTSBURGH, May Penn
sylvania soft coal operators re-
sponded tonight to President
Roosevelt's order taking over
their properties with announce
ments that they would cooper
ate, but whether the miners
would 60 back to work was left
in doubt.
j. B. Morrow, president of the
Pittsburgh Coal Co., the Nations
second largest commercial producer
of soft coal, said his company al
ready is preparing to comply with
the Presidents order, and a spokes-
man for the Western Pennsylvania
Operators Association, who declined
use of his name, commented, II feel
that all our operators will comply"
Wait Word From Lewis.
A few of the States 100000 miners
who stopped work at midnight Fri
day in both the hard and soft coal
collieries commented, but all said
they were waiting for word from
their leader, John L. Lewis, president
Of the United Mine Workers, in
which virtually all miners are en-
rolled.
John Krameck, a UNIV repre-
resentative in District 4, said "the
situation as I see it is still the same.
No contract, no work" Sam See
hofer, another representative in
that district, said he awaited Or
ders from the headman"-John L.
Lewis.
Il never knew 1ckes was a coal
operator" he added. II thought
they always put man in charge
who knew something about what he
was doing. But if that's what they
want, guess that's what We'll do
Before the Presidents announce
ment Mr.. Seehofer had said there
was a greater likelihood of the men
going back If the troops did not
move in, and that if they did, the
Evening star., 1943-05-02
Johnson Is Reported
In Serious Condition
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
Senator Johnson, Republican, of
California was in a serious condi-
ton" last night, Capt. Robert E.
Duncan, attending physician at the
Naval Medical Center. where the
veteran Senator is receiving treat
ment for pneumonia. reported.
Senator johnson was taken to the
hospital Wednesday with a bad cold.
His condition, reported improved
Friday, then worsened yesterday,
with the development Of pleurisy
complications and pneumonia.
Evening star., 1943-05-02
(Chart of point changes on P. A-9) /

(Chart OF point changes on P. A-9)
The Office of Price Admins
tration last night slashed point
values of II items on the list of
rationed processed foods, includ-
ing most fruit and vegetable
juices, raised point prices of 6
foods and removed from ration
ing all dried or dehydrated soups.
Changes are effective today on
blue stamps lettered G, H and ]
of War Ration Book 2, which are
valid in May for 4s points. The
new meat point prices also go into
effect today. The changes in meats
raised many popular steaks and
chops a point in value, and lowered
the point value of such items as
liver, sweetbreads and brains.
Meanwhile, the War Food Admin
Evening star., 1943-05-02
BY the Associated Press.

MIAMI, Fla, May Lit.
Comdr. Maurice D. Jester, vet
eran Of 26 years of life-saving
with the Coast Guard, told today
of how the cutter Icarus, under
his command, destroyed a Ger
man submarine and captured SO
Of its crew.
The action famed for 80 swift
minutes OF the Carolina coast sew
eral months ago, with depth charges
smashing at the undersea raider, a
torpedo streaking at the cutter, and
gunfire giving the coup de grace to
the German naval craft.
One Of the captured Nazis died
Of wounds after being rescued from
the water. The remaining 50, in
cluding the submarines commando
ing ofdcer,; were placed under guard
Evening star., 1943-05-02

and could leave their grievances to
Washington.
District officers of the United
Mine Workers continued to say it
would take an order from Inter-
national President John L. Lewis
to get them back. Impartial OBJ
servers doubted this. It was i'm
possible, from any casual survey,
however, to learn the trend Of
sentiment since President Roosevelt
cracked down.
The drifting of miners along the
streets and in and out of taverns
was not the only activity here this
unreasonable May day of near
freezing temperatures. Uniontown
foa. TNNYrc r.--
Evening star., 1943-05-02
Big Guns Exchange
Fire Over Channel
BY the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
LONDON, May big guns en-
gagged in a heavy exchange of fire
across the Channel tonight.
British batteries opened up Just
before 10:30 o'clock and the Ger
mans replied shortly afterward.
After a half hour the British fire
intensified and the firing continued
for some time.
Some shells fell in the Dover area
and the flash of gunfire reflected
against low clouds.
Evening star., 1943-05-02
u. 5. Raid on France
Reported by Nazis on
Heels Of Essen Attack
American Headquarters
Silent; Axis Claims
Eight Bombers Downed
By the Associated Press.


LONDON, May 1.-Royal Air
Force bombers pounded the Ger
man industrial city of Essen
last night and Berlin said Ameri-
can four-engined heavyweights
attacked an undisclosed French
harbor across the English Chan
mel in daylight today in a re-
sumption of the pre-invasion
aerial offensive.
While the 9th United States Air
Force headquarters had made no
announcement of the daylight
operations several hours after coastal
residents in Britain reported seeing
American planes roar across the
Channel, the Berlin radio declared
a formation of United States
bombers attempted a raid" on q
harbor in Western France.
The German broadcast, recorded
by the Associated Press, claimed that
eight four -engined bombers were
downed when they met strong Ger
man fighter defenses and anti
aircraft fire."
The direction the planes were fly
ing when they crossed the coast
suggested a new attack on one Of
the Axis U-boat bases on the Brit
tany coast.
Rates as Most-Bombed City.
In last nights heavy raid, the
Raj heaped on Essen the distinc-
tion of being the most-bombed city
in the world.
The German industrial city with
normal population of 654,000,
compared with Greater London's
10000, 900, now has been blasted by
more than 10000 tons of bombs
delivered by the Raj on SIS mis-
sions. Bomb-wise Londoners had to
use but little imagination to real
ize the destruction wrought by con-
centrated attacks there.
Thirteen planes were missing
from the night attacks on Essen
and the neighboring Ruhr district.
The Raj spread over targets in a
wide area instead of concentrating
on one patch such as the great
Krupp works, already, crippled and
rendered idle for long post bombing
periods.
The Germans readily acknowl-
edged last night devastation. The
Berlin communique told of "cas-
ualties among the population and
considerable damage"
Bomb Tonnage Increased.
The British are delivering as great
a tonnage with 500 to 600 planes
now as they did a year ago in the
1000 plus bomber attacks, one OF
which was delivered on Essen.
Almost 10000 tons of bombs were
dropped on Germany in 10 major
raids during April and this was in
addition to several heavy attacks
on italy and occupied territory.
Since the beginning of the year,
through April, the Raj has lost
602 bombers in delivering triple the
weight of bombs carried on each
mission last year.
The rise in bombings resulted in
the losses Of rs planes in January,
104 in February, 158 in March and
264 in April.
Evening star., 1943-05-02
Monnerheim Recovering

HELSINKI, May l P.-Field
Marshal Carl Gustaf Mannerheim,
Finish commander in chief, viii re-
turn home shortly from Switzerland.
where he has been convalescing from
an attack of pneumonia, a high au-
thority said today.
Evening star., 1943-05-02
Miners Divided on Returning;
Some Willing Under Protection
Many Appear Unhappy Over WoIkout,
Insist They Don't Mean to Weaken Nation
BY CARTER BROOKE JONES,

UNIoNTOWN Pa, May This so-coal capital OF Western
Pennsylvania filled tonight with idle insisting
emphacay they wouldn't return work.
Government, without substantial raise others expressing
too openly willingness to back proection others
perhaps majotysilen before the questions of
Evening star., 1943-05-02
Americans Take
.2African Hi||sin
bayonet Charge
Allied Airmen Sink
] Axis Vessels in
Straits of Sicily

HUNGARIAN FORCE OF 100000
returns to Budapest from Soviet
front. Page Az
48 AXIS BATTERIES SILENCED
by Reds in Caucasus. Page A-3
5,000-TON JAP SHIP left sinking
after bombing attack. Page AT
Evening star., 1943-05-02

tSee STEEL, Page A-8)
Evening star., 1943-05-02

(See JONES, Page A-40
Evening star., 1943-05-02

(See TAXES, Page A-1O.)
Evening star., 1943-05-02

(See COAL, Page A-4D
Evening star., 1943-05-02

(See AFRICA, Page A-l50
Evening star., 1943-05-02

The Evening and Sunday Star is
delivered in the city and suburbs at
80c per month when Sundays; 90c
per month when Sundays. The
Night Final Edition and Sunday
Morning Star at 90c when 4 Sun
days; $1.00 when S Sundays.
Evening star., 1943-05-02

(See MINERS, Page A-6.)
Evening star., 1943-05-02

(See CANNED GOODS, Page A-9.)
Evening star., 1943-05-02

Continued on Page C-l. Col. 50
Evening star., 1943-02-22
Guderian Naming Seer
AS indication Hitler
Sill Directs Army
Tank Expert Appointed
Inspector General Of
Nuzi Armored Forces
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
Adolf Hitler's appointment of Col
Gen. Heinz Guderian to serve as in
spector general of German armored
forces under the Feuhrer's direct
command" was regarded by some OBJ
servers today as an indication that
Hitler was retaining personal direc-
ton of his armies in the East.
The Berlin radio announced the
appointment last night in broad
cast recorded by the Associated
Press.
The broadcast said Gen. Guderian
now was Joining a group of those
men who are endowed with special
powers by the Fuehrer for concen-
trating all their respective spheres
for a victory of German arms"
The new appointee retired from
the Central Russian front in. No.
vember, l941, for his health" the
Berlin radio said. adding that now
he had completely recuperated.
A veteran Of the campaign Of
Poland, he also directed German
srmor in the invasion of Belgium
and helped pierce the Maginot line
He is 50 and round-faced. and is
noted for riding his panzer vehicles
into battle.
He was chief of staff in 1885 when
the new panzer troop corps was
formed.
Evening star., 1943-02-22
Allied Air Squadrons
Set Fires TO SiciIian
Harbor Of Palermo
Axis Merchant Vessel
Blown Up, Three Others
Hit in Mediterranean
Rv ihe Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
CAIRO, Feb. 22.-Allied aerial
squadrOns set fires in the Sicilian
harbOr of Palermo Saturday
night, blew up one Axis merchant
vessel and damaged three others
in series Of Mediterranean
sweeps, a British communique
said today.
weather conditions were again
reported to have nampered aerial
operations over the forward areas
where the British 9th Army faces
parts of Marshal Erwin Rommel's
Afrika korps along the Mareth line.
The communique did not mention
ground fighting.
One of the Mediterranean sweeps
WIS against a destroyer escorted
convoy.
Despite very bad visibility, smoke
WeS seen rising from a large mer-
chant vessel after the attacks" the
communique said
Another west-bound ship was at
tackled by torpedo planes and
bombers and a hit was scored on
the stern Of the vessel, it was an
Evening star., 1943-02-22
New York Philharmonic
Season May Be Cancelled
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, Feb. 22.-The posi-
bility that the New York Philhar-
monic Symphony Orchestra might
not have a 1884 concert season
was raised today after the orchestra's S
union chairman declared it's players
would refuse to open the season next
October rather than consent to a
! management proposal of a program
reduced from % weeks to "a.
If the Philharmonic management
insists on the 24-week program the
union will sign no contract, which
means there will be no philhar-
monic orchestra to open the season
| next October Calmen Fleisig.
chairman of the orchestra's COM
mittee for Local S02 of the American
Federation of Musicians (AFL), said
yesterday
He said the union had rejected the
| management's new contract pro-
poSal as "an impossible hardship on
the men, and had demanded in
stead 30-Week season with an in
crease of Is per cent in basic pay.
The present contract expires in
April.
Mr. FleiSig, one Of ID musicians
Evening star., 1943-02-22
BY the Associated Press

BY the Associated Press.
Have you heard about spreading
fertilizer on a fish pond to make the
fish grow? The Soil Conservation
Service reported yesterday that it
works
The fish are growing and so is
the idea Of stocking fish ponds to in
crease the food supply. A mounting
pile Of inquiries to the service at
tests to that.
The fish pond fertilizing plan
works this way
The farmer spreads over the pond
a chemical fertilizer similar in COM
position to field fertilizers, though
not quite so high in nitrogen con-
tent.
The fertilizer stimulates growth of
micro organisms in the pond, which
Evening star., 1943-02-22

patch from Ben Gardane said the
outposts of the Mareth Line were
crumbling under the attack Of
Gen. Sir Bernard L. Montgom-
ery's troops Official announce
mentS of previous drives by the
9Th Army usually have been
delayed until the operations were
we'll under way
The German forces in the Kass-
crime Pass appeared to be aiming at
the important Allied base Of Tebessa
in Algeria, IS miles northwest of
Kasserine.
Another Gap in Mountains.
Twenty miles behind the KAISER
inc sector is another gap in the
mountains. Hainra Pass. which will
provide good defensive positions for
the Allied forces. And nine miles
west Of Hainra is another pass to
be negotiated before Rommel can
bring his power to bear on Tebessa
Although the Allies have lost
some Of their forward landing fields
through recent setbacks in Central
Tunisia, Allied planes continued tc
attack Axis supply lines and dumps
some fighter plane groups skimming
over the battlefield at tree-top level
One group of II American P-39
fighters knocked % trucks out OF
two German conveys moving sup
plies up to the advanced German
troops.
Evening star., 1943-02-22
18 Carloads Of Livestock,
Food, Oil Burn in Wreck
BY the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
CENTERVILLE, Iowa, Feb. o.
Fourteen carloads of livestock and
foodstuffs and four carloads of oil
were destroyed by flames after a
rear-end collision of a mixed freight
train and an oil train on the main
line of the Chicago, Milwaukee, st.
Paul & Pacific Railroad 5 miles
north OF here yesterday.
Flames burst out Immediately and
enveloped the engine and tender Of
the second train No one was in
jured, creWmen saving themselves by
jumping.
The wreckage included two double
decker carloads of sheep, four cars
of canned goods and several cars of
oranges and potatoes in addition to
the oil cars.
Evening star., 1943-02-22
600, 900 British Women
Called for War Work
BY the Associated Press.

BF NE ASSoCIated PreSS.
LONDON. Feb. 22-Three million
more British women between 81 and
40 came under the wartime author
ity of Labor Minister Ernest Bevin
today, subject to draft for full or
part-time work if they have no chill
dren uder IA living at home.
A majority of the new group have
never before done outside work
Women between Is and so pre-
viously had been drafted for war
work
One of every three war workers in
Great Britain now is a woman, and
their number is expected to be dou-
bled within a few months.
Evening star., 1943-02-22
THE KID FROM KANSAS
and THE ''FHSb" that Flies

OoMEwHERE there is a kid from Kansas with ack-
ack bursting around his ears. Watch him slanting
down, waggling his wings to signal the squadron
in, eveling off to aim his torpedo, drop it, send it
straight and true to its target Up ahead Jap carrier
squirms to escape. Her guns blazing and, all
around, her destroyer escort is blasting away throw
ing everything they've got point-blank at the Doom
that comes riding fast the Yankee torpedo bomb
press home their attack.
They re not counting risks, those wonderful kids
from Kansas, or Maine, or Mississippi, or Oregon.
They take long chances to send their deadly weapon
squarely home And in these days, that thing we
at Harvester never forget. picture that is never
out of our minds.
For the Navy has given assignment which
we regard honor-the production of aircraft
torpedoes, of the toughest of all precision jobs
We have responsibility and heavy one, to see
thatwhen our torpedoes are dropped they are right;
that they do hit home
Evening star., 1943-02-22
U. S. AIsotions Set Up
Group to Aid Province

AlsatianS in the United States
have established q Committee for
Defense of the Rights of French
Alsace and Lorraine. with Theodore
Seltzer AS its president, it was an
nounced today by the Free French
Press and Information Service.
Mr.. Seltzer said the group has re-
affirmed the allegiance Of their
province to France.
Evening star., 1943-02-22
Argentina Producing
Homemade Enoines

Argentina has begun construction
Of homemade" engines for its state
railways.
The Taft Viejo workshops of the
State Railways will build Is Pacific
type locomotives for about S35 900
each. Hitherto the shops have only
repaired locomotives, using imported
spare parts.
Evening star., 1943-02-22

whose contracts we're not renewed
for the coming year at the request
of the incoming orchestra director,
Artur Rodzinski, said the controversy
over the failure to renew the con-
tracts was mainly labor question
and not matter of music policy