davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-01-30
War Today
Craige Tells Why
Russia and China
Stunned Farley
Rr CAPT. JOHN II. CRAIGE

OIlUlHlCO J OllC
By CAPT. JOHN II. CRAIGE
written ESp-risliy for IntI News Service
ALTHOUGH AS Washing
ton notes. only half the story
of the Casablanca conference
has been revealed, the main
outline of most of the major
problems that must have been
discussed are reasonably OBJ
yious to the observer with
some knowledge Of military
strategy and tactics.
First of all. the reasons
why Josef Stain and Chinese
Generalissimo Chang kai-
Shek didn't go are quite plain
and do not by any means
imply lack Of enthusiasm for
The United Nations cause.
The Axis is eleefully draw
ing attention TO their absence,
and many American friends OF
China and Russia are per
turbed.
There was no point Of major
strategy or tactics for Stain
or Chang Kai-Shek TO discuss.
THE ONLY strategy pos
sible TO either Russia or China
is the defensive, preferably
with offensive thrusts such as
the Red army is now making.
No amount of discussion in
conference would enable either
10 do anything but concen-
trate on the task Of throwing
the invaders out of their own
home land.
Questions Of grand strategy
and joint operations are the
things ordinarily discussed at
conferences such as that at
Casablanca, and as there was
nothing for them TO discuss
under either head, it is no
mystery why they remained
away.
Only thing the United
States and Britain can do for
either Russia or China is send
munitions and supplies, and it
is probable Stain and Chang
Kai-Shek know to the last
machine gun cartridge how
much can be sent and when it
can arrive.
Quite as obvious as the fact
there was nothing to justify
a two weeks absence of Stain
and the Chinese generalissimo
from their capitals, is the cor
rollary fact that there was
much that could profitably be
settled between the United
States and Britain.
THE UNITED STATES and
Britain are united by the
Atlantic Ocean and are joined
by the fact that the two COM
bined possess an overwhelm-
ing portion Of the worlds sea
power which guarantees them
control Of the surface Of most
of the worlds oceans.
Greatest threat now against
United Nations success is
Adolf Hitler's wolf packs Of
submarines. II would seem
reasonably certain that an in
tensified campaign by the
United States and British
navies against these was dis
cussed.
A united American British
anti-submarine naval com
mand for the Atlantic and
Mediterranean would offer ad-
pantages.
These have been mentioned
In dispatches and the name Of
Britain's Admiral Sir Percy
Noble has been quoted as pos
bible anti-submarine chief.
Perhaps the developments
of history will show this was
one of the matters settled at
Casablanca.
4; ANOTHER ~ AT l. RAJ"
for discussion was the COM
plicated French political ques-
ton in North Africa. The 60
or more political parties Of
France are all represented
there, and in addition, an
Arab question exists.
From the strictly military
point Of view, the expulsion of
German forces in Tunisia was
undoubtedly a leading ques-
.don.
These are some OF The
urgent immediate questions.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-01-30
AID IN VICTORY

Latin-American diplomatic
Spokesman predicted that Brazil
would lead the IL warning Central
and South American nations in
making an important contribution
TO the Allied victory plan.
Mr.. Roosevelt, following his sec
Iond crossing of the Atlantic by
air. is believed 10 have outlined in
detail TO President Vargas the
plans made at the North African
conference.
A spokesman for the Brazilian
embassy here predicted that his
country would contribute To the
Allied offensive in Africa and In
Europe not only by helping TO keep
open the vital supply lines across
the South Atlantic. but also by the
dispatch of strong expeditionary
force 10 the fighting front.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-01-30
Presidents Visit to Tie Brazil to Second Front
CAPTURED 'YankS
OverpOWer NaZis
In Car. Escape
BY WALTER LOGAN
United Press stan Correspondent

guard n machine gun, because 1
don't think he knew how To use
IL. As soon as he drove around
curve, one of the boys jumped
the German driver and another
jumped the guard.
"They were being overpOwered,
Snedegar was grabbing the wheel
and gearshift lever and trying 10
slow up the car and keep IL
from turning over"
They threw the Germans out
drove up a mountain trail. appro-
priated all the rationS they could
find and pushed the automobile
off a cliff.
HID FOR FIVE HOURS
Then they struck out for the
Allied lines.
Once they ran into Axis anti
aircraft gun emplacements anc
had 10 hide five hours until il sol
dark. For the next three day.
they hid and hked in the noun
.tainS, moving cautiously at nigh
with maps and compasses.
They bought food from Arab:
and drank from mountain springs
In narrowing mountain pass they
encountered German sentry
who fired AS they scattered
,Ogburn, Snedegar and ParSon!
found themselves together in
gulch.
The three. climbing the noun
tain in the dark. reached a mar
row gauge railway above thu
Village held by Americans AZ
Arab guided them into the village
when we walked into the
barracks, the boys thought they
were seeing ghosts. but We
ghosts needed bath, and the
first thing they did for us was
to build n fire TO heat tub OF
water" Ogburn said.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-01-30

Statements aud opinions hsr.rn are
private 10 the writer and ave not O. 10
Construed - rejecting the views ~ ne
navy department
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-01-30

IBERIA, a friendly neutral nation
since last summer.
Basis for the belief that Mr.
Roosevelt stopped at Dakar was {
paragraph in the White House an
nouncement of the President.
Liberian visit which said:
President Roo sevelt and
Prime Minister Churchill, upon
conclusion of the Casablanca
conference, had mOtored To Mar
rakech, some $50 miles 10 the
south. They spent the night in
that very old Berber and Arab
town nestled at the foot OF the
Atlas Mountains. The two lead
ers parted the following day.
President Roosevelt then flew
TO Liberia with but one inter-
VeniDg stop"
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-01-30
NEW PLAN ANNOUNCED

The Japs will be admitted under
a plan announced by the War Re-
location Authority, a branch OF
which will open in Detroit soon.
Part of the more than 100000
persons of japanese ancestry now
in internment camps in other Sec
lions of the country. the portion
Iallocated 10 the Michigan area
will be placed in war-productive
Jobs, according to Harold S. FiS-
tere. who heads the new office OF
the WRA, established yesterday in
| Cleveland.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-01-30
SEND ARMY ABROAD

at will be recalled that Pres
ident Vargas announced some
time ago that Brazil hoped 10
send an expeditionary force
abroad TO help defeat the Axis"
he said
'In addition to serving ms an
important base OF operations for
the United Nations forces In the
South Atlantic, Brazil will con-
tribute further To the success
Of the Allied offensives this year
by making available an In
creased supply of vital raw ma
terials."
Because Of its geographical 20.
sltion and strength, Brazil is in 2
position TO lead Latin America.
contribution 10 the war effort oil
the United Nations.
With its land bulge extending
like bridge toward West Africa
Brazil is one of the most vital
links in the American supply line
TO Africa, Russia and India. Brazil
has the largest army in South
America. the second biggest navy
and a merchant marine second
only to that of the United States
in the Western Hemisphere.
ALL EAGER TO HELP
Although not occupying the
same strategic position as Brazil
the other 10 fighting Latin Amer
lean nations will, according 10
their spokesman here, be none the
less eager 10 contribute to the
victory campaigns this year.
Cuba has animated its willing
ness to send token" expedi-
tionary force abroad. A spokes-
man for the Mexican embassy
said his country would make every
effort TO help the Allied offensiveS.
The eight Latin American ma
lions which have several diplo-
matte relations with the Axis but
have not yet declared war are
expected TO contribute indirectly
TO the Allied war plan by increas-
ing their shipments OF raw ma
terialS TO the Allies.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-01-30
Jap Internees
To Be Sent Here
For War Jobs
u. s. 10 Move Them
TO Relieve Shortage Of
ManPower in Factories

The announcement that Japa-
neSe interneeS from the West will
be sent to Detroit and Michigan
as. an aid TO the overtaXed man
power situation in war plants and
on farms, was met with mixed
feelings today by city and labor
officials.
Comments ranged from Mayor
Jeffries' CAUTIOUS e. it would
depend on how it was handled to
Councilman VILLA m Rogell'S
10. we should use high school
boys on the farms in summer in
stead of depending on these Japa-
nese," and Council President John
C. Lodges ". i would prefer &c
discuss it over the council table
1t is too controversial a subject tc
make an unstudied comment"
Evening star., 1943-04-21

soldiers have had much needed
rest and supplies have been
brought up Gen. Montgomery
men will tackle the difficult job
of destroying the principal Axis
forces of Marshal Rommel and
Gen. Won Arnim.
In the meantime Allied planes
and warships are doing a devas-
tating job against the Axis air
and sea transports which are en-
deavoring to bring fuel and am
munition for the Germans tanks
and planes.
Competent Washington quar-
ters believe that as soon as Gen.
Eisenhower gives the signal for
the beginning OF final operations
in Tunisia the battle will con-
tinue relentlessly until the Axis
forces either capitulate or are
thrown into the sea.
Nazis Believed Resigned to Loss.
Other Allied forces are said to
be concentrated for operations
against Sardinia and Sicily, the
Italians principal defensive out
posts. Both islands are being
softened by daily air raids. 1t is
anticipated that soon after the
Tunisian operations are over the
Allies will concentrate their at
tention to cleaning up the rest OF
the Mediterranean.
The Nazis appear to have
written of the Western Mediter-
ranean and Africa. Their ap-
parent endeavor to send more
supplies to Tunisia is due not to
the hope that Rommel might be
able to hold on indefinitely, but
to their desire to see him continue
to keep the Allies busy as long as
possible.
While Rommel Is fighting
losing battle. heavy Nazi REIN
forcements are being rushed to
the Soviet front where the Ger
man high command hopes to
achieve sufficient success to offset
the defeat of the Afrika Korps.
According to available reports
from Europe. the Nazis have left
only small part OF the reinforce
ments sent to defend Western
and Southern Europe against the
Allies.
Nazis Mass In Balkans.
The armies placed under the
command Of Marshal Gerd Won
Rundstedt have again been re-
duced to not more than IS divi-
sions (about 100000 mem. The
Axis divisions in Greece, Yugo-
Evening star., 1943-04-21
The Great Game of Politics
There Is Talk Thot the Aegrieved Elmer Dovis Will
Resign, but Next Owl Head Could Be Worse

cerned, Mr.. Davis Is entitled to
belief, but his denials would carry
more weight II 1t were not for the
character Of some OF his appoint
ments. The latest of these to come
under fire is that Of a Vernon c.
Norton, just named to head the
Owl in Rhode Island at $4,4O0 a
year.
The Providence Journal, protest.
ing Mr.. Norton's appointment, de-
scribes him as an ex-newspaper-
man, a close political ally Of Mayor
Mccoy OF Pawtucket and former
henchman Of the late Walter E.
OHara, the race-track boss who
was indicted for violation of the
Federal Corrupt Practices Act.
Mr.. Norton furnished bail for Mr..
OHara and, the Journal says, is
up to his neck In politics" Ap-
parently, the appointment was made
to please New Deal Senator Green.
That makes 1t even harder to rec
oncile with Mr.. Davis constant
emphasis on the non partisan nature
OF his organization.
Might Explain Experts"
He has talked so much about its
disinterested purity that a selec-
ton such as this, which obviously
involves dealing with the politi-
clans, leaves q pretty bad taste,
Among other things, undoubtedly
Mr.. Davis will be asked to explain
Mr.. Norton to tho Congressional
committees. Also, he will be asked
for further enlightenment concern
ing the 800 psychological experts"
whom. 1t was stated, he is to send to
Africa at the request Of the Army.
Exactly what kind OF request the
Army made and what 1t wants with
300 psychological experts" and
where 300 Of these would be found
and what they would do are mat
ters on which it would be good to
have more light.
While Mr.. Davis is technically
correct as to the request, there is
reason to believe that the request
was never approved and that the
300 experts will never be sent. Per-
haps. Mr.. Davis did not intend to
convey the idea that they would be.
Evening star., 1943-04-21


cism had better be listened to.
He knows what war is. He sees
our films, furthermore, in the
company of people of other
nationalities, who have had
long and tragic experience of
this war. And he is embarrassed,
irritated and ashamed of the
picture presented by Hollywood.
But 1t Is not only the soldier
who Is beginning to be fed up.
The film industry does not real
ize this, because people will go
to the movies, and Hollywood
has now an almost complete
monopoly. Few foreign films
come here ENTHUSIASTICALLY one
from England. None come from
the European continent and
thus there is no outside compe-
tition. There is no competition
inside the country, for Holly
wood is in the cultural sphere,
one lot. sharing common view
point that the movie is a prod
uct for mass entertainment.
keyed to an adolescent mental
1ty, and designed to bring in the
masses to the box office.
Hollywood Unaffected by War.
From long experience, they
know that the thriller Is the
anodyne Of the bored, romantic
love universally attractive
commodity, and buffoonery a
mass substitute for humor.
Hollywood writers have learned
their trade-and It's trade.
Nothing has happened to the
mind OF Hollywood as a result
OF the war. It shows in the
films. They are the same old
gangster thrillers. the same old
boy meets girl, the same old slap
stick comedies, wrapped up in
the American flag. The gangster
Or the buffoon-is now a Nazi:
the glamour boy is an American
soldier; the detective or Oman.
is member of the military in
telligence. The good old boss is
a colonel. There is a complete
dearth Of ideas, and an almost
total absence of reality.
The psychological effects Of
these films, particularly upon
youth, are. to say the least
dubious. War induces a high
degree Of nervousness. What we
need is more calm and stability.
War work breaks up homes;
violence is in the air; Juvenile
crime is increasing in all coun-
tries. But the child at the
movies sees violence and crime.
1t is neither his heart nor his
Evening star., 1943-04-21

state of mind. It Is easy to UNDER
stand. On the one hand, the Presi-
dent, unwisely, declined to take his
advice in the matter of the press
coverage of the food conference
and in one or two other matters.
On the other, continued skep-
ticism Is manifested by the press,
in Congress and elsewhere, concern
ing the impartiality Of the owl
organization and output. Also, there
is his new wrangle with William NJ.
Jeffers, the rubber czar, who has
grieved him greatly by terming one
OF his reports stale. inaccurate and
confusing"
Consider this along with the in
ternal friction. which recently led
to the resignation Of some IS Of his
earnest young writer's who departed
exuding resentment and uttering the
bitterest Of recriminations-consider
all this and the unhappiness Of Mr..
Davis seems natural enough.
Selection Could Be Worse.
Still. it is to be hoped that he
will not leave In a At Of discourage
ment. He is not, it Is true, making
a great success OF his Job. Though
his friends emphasize his undoubted
honesty and sincerity, they hurriedly
pass over his unfortunate tendency
to take himself with = depressing
solemnity and his manifest defects
as an administrator.
As the soggy condition Of the owl
clearly proves. he is not the best
available man for his post. But
neither Is he the worst and the
chances are that the Presidents
next selection-if he has to make
one-would not be so good.
True, Mr.. Davis seems now to be
having a rather tough time at his
press conferences, where there is
a disposition to question rather
than admire. But, probably, things
will get easier. His critics may wear
themselves out and, anyhow, Mr..
Davis hardly could leave until he
has wrested his appropriat ton for
next year from Congress. where
certain members are preparing to
question him very closely about
Owl personnel and performance.
Favored With New Deal.
BY these the charge will be reiter-
ated that the Owl output is strong
ly favored with New Deal politics
and is prepared by writer's deeply
desirous of promoting the fourth
term draft" Mr.. Davis indignant
ly will deny again that there is the
least trace Of partisanship in the
owl and insist that it Is absolutely
free from politics.
So far as he personally is con-
Evening star., 1943-04-21
Eight Men and Kitten,
1orpedoed at Sea, Saved
By the Associat4d pres.

os the ASSOCIATED Press.
TAMPA. Fla. April 2l.-Eight
men and black kitten, survivors of
small Norwegian merchant vessel
sunk by an enemy torpedo in the
Gulf OF Mexico. have landed In
Tampa. A majority of the seamen
took the sinking almost as routine
their captain explained. Most have
been torpedoed before-some two,
some three times.
A big, hearty man. who had CAP
tained his ship for five years. the
skipper said:
In one minute she had sunk and
the men were struggling in the
water for lifeboats and RATS. We
never did see the sub or contact it,"
The captain and seven men scram-
bled aboard raft that had floated
to the surface. Aboard it they found
the kitten.
Later we found the ships motor
boat which had capsized, turned her
over and climed in." he said THE
motor was dead, there was no sail.
but We had oars, and there were
sweaters and rations enough for two
months"
The crew, apparently little the
worse for their experience. was
picked up after 36 hours by a United
States ship
Evening star., 1943-04-21

ties as a men,
.ber Of the Ameri-
can labor party
of N e W ork.
B u t, probably,
this suggestion
emanates from
u n t r / e n d ! y
sources a n d Is
wholly without
foundation.
N e v e rtheleSs,
Mr.. Davis does
seem to be in an
a | m ost perma-
nentlY aggrieYed
Evening star., 1943-04-21
This Changing World
Heavy Nozi Reinforcements Going to Russio
To Offset Expected Losses in North Africu

slavia and Bulgaria are not in
cluded in this number, but they
are not likely to exceed 20 more
. Nazi divisions. The rest OF the
forces, particularly the italians,
are not considered as even a
covering defense force.
All reports from the Russian
front indicate that probably the
largest force the Nazis have ever
put In the field is being concen-
trated at strategic points, par
ticularly in the south. The Nazis'
chief supply center at Rovnoe
in the Ukraine is said to be ex-
tremely active.
Lines OF communication are
being improved and thousands Of
trucks gathered from all sections
Of the Reich are being rushed so
the German armies will not be
cut short of supplies In the thick
of the battle as was the case on
several instances during the 1912
campaign.
But while the Nazis are pre-
pairing their forces feverishly for
a major attack against the Soviet
armies, Joachim Won Ribbentrop's
diplomats are letting loose peace
doves which are settling princi-
pally on the walls of the Kremlin.
Peace Offensive Seen.
In some well-informed neutral
quarters it Is believed that this
formidable concentration Of Ger
man forces on the Russian front,
together with the order to Rom
mel to resist as long as possible
in Tunisia, Is a part OF the peace
offensive.
AS far As can be learned here,
there have been no direct ap-
proaches to the Russians. The
Japanese and possibly some other
neutrals who have representatives
in Moscow have put out trial
balloons in the last two months.
The balloons exploded long before
they reached Premier Stain and,
because Of this, some well-in-
formed neutrals believe, the Nazis
have decided to bolster their
peace feeler with a powerful con-
centration Of forces In the east
and an unlimited propaganda
about their ability to keep the
Allies from sending material and
food to Russia
The Nazis also are reported
planning to approach the western
branch Of the United Nations.
Hans Dieckhof1. former Nazi
Ambassador in Washington, has
recently taken over the post Of
Ambassador to Spain. Dieckhoff
has the reputation Of being anti
Japanese, and Of being a strong
protagonist Of the old idea Of
the Kaiser that the white race Is
seriously imperiled by the yellow
menace.
The presence Of the suave
Dieckhoff in Madrid Is consid-
cred by many as a definite indi-
cation that Won Ribbentrop
wants at least to explore tho
American British field"
In this task the Nazis hope
they will be fully assisted by Gen.
eralissimo Franco, whose rela-
tions with the American and the
British governments are now
more than satisfactory.
Evening star., 1943-04-21
Army Poper's Criticism Of American Films
Represents Wide Feeling Of Dissatisfaction

brain to which the movies ap-
peal, but his nerves. How to
keep their children out Of the
movies is thus the worry Of
every responsible mother living
in large city.
Crime Made Attractive.
In spite OF the attempt to make
crime horrible, it is probably
made attractive to the adolescent
mind. The Hollywood Nazi is
either such a preposterous buf-
foon that he is not worthy to be
an enemy, or supersadist,
supergangster, supercriminal su-
perman. Children are fasci-
mated and impressed. In a curl
Gus way the Nazi idea of the
superman killer becomes their
own. The subconscious reaction
is: Wait till we become the su-
permen-and see what we can do.
The pictures are, Of course, not
true. The head Of the Gestapo
in Czechoslovakia, Heydrich, is
the villain of a current film. He
Is pictured as a satanic sadist, an
elegant and terrible figure, LASH
ing a whip. Actually Heydrich
was bureaucrat, committing his
crimes by rubber stamps on pa
pers. a stolid careerist, carrying
out his orders to exterminate
Czech patriots with no more
orgiastic pleasure In it than a
business man in a deal.
This Is what is really terrible
about Naziism-its orderly, bu-
reaucratic, and even respect
able" organization OF murder, by
men who hope for a pension and
a comfortable old age. Mean
while they are Just doing their
duty"
Virtues Should BE Evoked.
Some day our boys are going to
meet Nazis, and they are going to
find that they were not made in
Hollywood. One only needs to
see the Nazis in the Russian films
and the Nazis in the American to
realize that we need a United
Nations conference of movie di-
rectors to agree on type-casting.
In time of war certain virtues
need to be evoked in the people:
Fortitude, endurance, humor,
pride. humility. The simplest
way to do it is to spread before
the people a great past, made
possible by these virtues, to
awaken in their consciousness
that all our progress has been
accompanied by suffering and
sacrifice mitigated by faith and
humor, and that we. the present
generation, are only a link, a
bridge. between past and future.
But the 20oth anniversary Of
the birth OF Jefferson passes
without a great film to make
manifest for our masses an era
very like this one-the touch and
so critical years"
Well. such films can't and won't
be made by the hack-writing
ballyhooing, assembly belt sys-
tenn of the American film indus
try as it is at present. Such
films can only be made by Gre
ative artists. who are men of
taste. education and real ideas.
They exist, even in Hollywood.
and once in while they come
through with something. But it
Is always terrible struggle.
tRe1eased by the Bell Syndicate. Ine)