davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-05-11
Budget Head Doubts
Many u. 5. Workers
Have Been Dropped
Smith Tells House Group
He Believes DISCHARGED
Employees Are Retired
BY ]. A. FOX.

Budget Director Harold D..
Smith today expressed doubt
that many employees actually had
been eliminated from Govern
ment rolls as the result of the
recent bureau order requiring "a
agencies to drop Al ,631 persons.
Appearing at the House Civil
Service Committee personnel inquiry
to discuss statement submitted
a month ago showing reductions Or
dered in conformity with the econ
omy provision of the temporary pay
legislation, Mr.. Smith said, my i'm
preston is not" when asked by
Representative Manasco, Democrat,
OF Alabama if many employees af-
fected by the order had been unable
to find places elsewhere.
The Budget Bureau head said he
wouldn't be sure" as to tie net
effect Of the order. but he added
that because of the demand for
manpower his impression" is that
personnel dropped in one quarter
was being taken on in another.
Revenue Bureau Adding 10000.
The Civil Service Commission, he
said, would know about this. Mr..
Manasco wanted to know where re-
cruiting is in progress and the direc-
tor cited as an example the Bureau
OF Internal Revenue-which was not
touched by the order-saying 10000
employees were being added there.
The ALBANIAN said he realized
that normal turnover would take
care of some of the dismissals Or
dered, but he indicated his belief
that reduction order which did
not bring about net cut was not
effective.
In response to another question,
Mr.. Smith said he had not received
many complaints as to the Ikeli-
hood of an adverse effect on their
efficiency from agencies in which
cuts were directed.
Chairman Ramspeck said he had
been advised that the Post Office
Department, which bore the brunt
of the cut ordered-19,124 persons
had served notice that no cut would
be made, taking the stand that it
was not required to reduce because
postal field employees are not under
the permanent pay bill, which had
replaced the temporary measure.
The chairman wanted to know
what would happen II the depart
ment baked.
Mr.. Smith responded that he sup
Continued on Page A-6, Column -
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-05-11
Local Board Powers
In Ration Violations
Broadened by 0PA
Hearings Are Required
In Actions to Revoke
Gasoline AIIotments

Power of local rationing boards
to try motorists for alleged viola
tons of regulations and to revoke
gasoline coupons in certain in
stances was broadened today by
the Office of Price Administra-
ton in an order effective May II.
In the past, OPA policy ordinarily
has required that reports of viola
tons be referred by local boards to
District OPA Offices for investiga-
ton. In most instances the cases
then were sent back to the local
board for hearing and disposition.
Hearings Required.
Under the new procedure local
boards are required to grant hear
ings and may conduct them without
referring case to the district
office in these instances:
l. Where the ration book holder
is charged with speeding-that is,
driving over IS miles an hour.
2. Where he is charged with abuse
of his tires.
3. Where an applicant for a new
gasoline ration is believed to have
committed previous violation.
4. Where a ration holders book
has been turned into the board with
a report that he has committed a
violation and he demands return of
the book before a written notice of
hearing can be sent, The board in
such a case is empowered to serve
written notice of hearing at once.
Other Types of Cases.
In two other types of cases, local
boards are not required to conduct
hearings and may take action also
without consulting the District Of
flee. They are:
1-Where the board finds that the
holder of a ration book is not en-
titled to the ration on the basis of
facts stated in his application.
This" said OPA, enables a board
to review applications at any time
and recall any coupons that were
over-issued or which were issued
on the basis of transformation"
2-Where the Office of Defense
Transportation has certified to the
board that a ration holder has
violated ODT regulations. In such
instances the motorists would ap-
peal to the ODT, not to higher
authority within OPA.
Right Of Appeal.
In the first type of case, motor
lists may appeal to the district OPA
from the decision of the local board,
and in the second kind of case they
may appeal to the ODT.
In all other instances, except those
set, forth in the amendment, re-
ported violations still will be re-
ferred to each district office and
after investigation sent back to the
local board for hearing and dispo-
sition.
OPA explained that local boards
will have the right to recall or hold
a ration book for IAN appropriate
(See RATION BOARDS. Page A-6 !
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-05-11
Naziis Reported
Ordering Dutch
State Of Siege
26 Executions
Declared Result of
General Strike
BY the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
LONDON, May 1.-THE Meth
erlands news agency Aneta
quoted reports today that a state
of siege had been decreed
throughout Nazi- occupied Hol-
land and that 26 Dutch patriots
had been executed and 10 others
sentenced to death as a result of
disorders apparently connected
with an attempt to stage a gen.
eral strike.
Aneta said the state of siege was
ordered by Arthur Seysz- Inquart,
Reichs commissioner for Occupied
Holland, and quoted the Stockholm
newspaper Svenska Dagbladet as
saying 1t resulted from serious dis
turbances" following a Nazi order
for reinternment of all former Meth
erlands Army members as prisoners
of war.
Aneta added that serious inter-
ruptions OF the supply of food in the
country resulting from strikes were
reported. The German-controlled
press in the country said editorially
that expected and accountable agi-
tation has changed into unreason-
able unrest, which has assumed
dangerous and intolerable FORM"
Aneta continued, saying further that
De Telegram of Amsterdam termed
the situation most serious"
Hints of Fierce Action.
Despite stringent censorship on
Holland, there were indications dur
ing the last week of serious dis
orders, Aneta said, adding that the
German controlled Netherlands ra-
dio mentioned short, fierce &C
ton" and told the people it was
futile to fight yourselves to death
in the fire of German machine
guns"
The news agency said that a state
of police martial law" was pro-
claimed in four provinces April 30
and was extended to the remainder
of the nation the next day-the
state of siege apparently being an
intensihcation of the measures.
Aneta said death sentences for
those executed were announced May
2-the day they were executed
by Police Gen. Rauter, head of the
German police and Storm Troop
formations in Holland, who as
sumed control of all police when
martial law was proclaimed. The
rs were put to death after sum-
mary action by special police
tribunals set up within the two days
preceding, it was reported.
Aneta said it was learned that
the reinforcement applied to navy
as we'll as army members.
Must Cushion Blow of Defeat.
Meanwhile, Adolf Hitler faced the
double task of speeding the defense
of Axis-occupied Europe and cush-
ioning the impact of the Tunisian
defeat on German morale at home.
Indicating that Hitler considers
Italy the weak link in his chain Of
Notifications across Southern Eu-
rope, the Moscow radio quoted dis
patches from Switzerland saying he
had entrusted Italy's defense to two
of his most trusted lieutenants-
Reichsmarshal Hermann Goering
and Heinrich Himmler, head of the
Nazi secret police Goering will take
over the reorganization of the italian
Army. the broadcast said, while
Himmler, through purges among
various groups, will attempt a
sterilization of the internal front. "
A Berlin dispatch to the Swiss
newspaper Tribune de Geneve last
night described me bulk of Germans
at home as walking around as
though hit on the head" at news of
(See AXIS. Page A-6D
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-05-11

time was willing to subsidize such
airdromes," C.. Bedeil Monro, presi-
dent of the company, pointed out
that the establishment of such a
route would increase pay loads of
transatlantic flights. It also would
put the United States in favorable
position to bargain for international
aeriel commerce after the war, he
said.
Mr.. Monroe emphasized that his
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-05-11

Pennsylvania Central Airlines
filed an application today with the
Civil Aeronautics Board, proposing
a seadrome air route between the
United States and Great Britain
with floating islands Of steel spaced
at 800 mile intervals across the At
lantic.
Calling the idea, first advanced
about 10 years ago, mo idle dream
because the Government at one
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-05-11

company claimed no exclusive
rights, pointing out that several
firms were interested in building
the dromes, which would be over
mile in length and could be in
creased by the addition of sections
as requirements warrant. The Sun
Shipbuilding and Drydock Co., he
said, will construct the seadromes
as soon as steel is available. Asso-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-05-11
Don't Spread Runors!
Do Your Part to DspeI Fantastic
And Ground|ess Reports of Outbreaks

Rumor of the most curious and dangerous human
phenomena has had Washington by the the
Respectable citizens passing by mouth the
fantastic stories of what they heard place
there in the last few and people accusing
of suppresng" the fac-when only
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-05-11
Group Taxicab Fares
Set at 70 10 80c
On Zone Basis
PUG Orders Operation
To Be Mandatory Here,
Effective Monday
BY DON S. WARREN.

New taxicab group riding rates,
to be mandatory "a hours a day
and based on zone charges of 20,
80, 40 and so cents for each of
two or more passengers were Or
dered today by the Public Utili-
ties Commission.
The new order becomes effective
at 1901 am. next Monday, and was
issued as result of hearings May g.
The majority of the PUG expressed
the hope it will end confusion and
overcharging prevalent under pres
ent schedules.
Last years emergency rush-hour
pickup plan, which is in something
of state of collapse, is eliminated
and the present regular-fare sched-
ules are set aside, except that they
are to continue to apply when a cab
driver is able to pick up but one
passenger.
In other words, if only one passen-
ger rides in a cab the fare will be
80 cents for a one-zone trip or so
cents. 70 cents or 80 cents for sue
ceeding zones. The five, six or seven
zone charge would be $1.10, 81 80 or
$3.50.
The new group rates are extended
to cover five, six or seven zone trips,
the fares for the latter being so, 10
and 80 cents.
Pentagon Building Rate.
Also, the new rate order schedules
the charge for trips between down.
town zone one and the Pentagon
Building and the Navy Department
Offices in Arlington County as a
subzone Al trip, which makes the
charge so cents per person on q
group-riding basis. If the 1 cab
driver on such a trip had but one
passenger the price would be 80
cents.
While there may be disputes as to
whether the District agency has
jurisdiction over such interstate
operations, it was stated that PeIta-
gon officials have announced they
will bar from the building any cab
driver who refuses to comply with
fares fixed by PUG.
The order drew a dissent from
Gregory Rankin, the PUG minority
member, solely on the question Of
the rates prescribed.
Mr.. Hankin said he agreed with
Chairman James H. Flanagan and
Engineer Commissioner Charles w.
Kutz as to the crying need" for
group riding to conserve gasoline,
(see TAXI RATES, page A-6.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-05-11

(See TAXES, Page A-16.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-05-11

(See RATION BOARDS, Page A-6.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-05-11

(See RUMORS, Page A-6D
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-05-11

(See SEADROME, Page A-16o
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-05-11

(See AXIS, Page A-6.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-05-11

Late news and sports are covered on
Pages Tx and 2-X of this edition of
The Star, supplementing the news of
the regular home delivered edition.
Evening star., 1943-06-20

gracefulness Of his drawing Is a
characteristic feature of 1t. Thus it
happened that he was one OF the
very greatest illustrators of his time,
widely popular yet obscure.
The explanation Of the paradox is
not far to seek. Mr.. Birch had a
busy life. Born in London, May 2,
1856, and educated at Saint Leonard's
School at Hastings, in San Francisco
and in Munich, he enjoyed adequate
preparation for the task he was to
undertake. His first contribution to
Saint Nicholas monthly established
the pattern of his professional career.
During more than half a century he
turned out" sketches for magazines
and books of infinite variety. The
editors OF the periodical press soon
learned that he could be relied upon
for quality as well as for quantity.
His wit was legendary, but his gen.
tleness and sympathy were even
more generally apprehended. There
was mysterious something" in his
art which other craftsmen did not
possess. A glance at such a page as
that in John BENEFITS Master Sky
lark" where Nick is represented Civ
ing his silver buckle to the beggar
in the street, will suffice to indicate
what it was. Portia describes it in
the fourth act OF "The Merchant of
Venice"
Elizabethan England demonstrably
was in Mr.. Birchs heart. Many OF
the two hundred books he illustrated
were reflections of that romantic age.
His drawings for will Shakespeare
Little Lad" by Imogen Clark, were
done when he was in his prime.
They are best understood when it is
remembered that they were tribute
OF love to Hamnet's father, the ac-
knowleged master OF all writer's
about children.
Still more famous, however, were
the pictures which Mr.. Birch pre-
pared for Frances Hodgson Burnett,s
classic Little Lord Fauntleroy,"
st. Nicholas serial of 1885. He
created fashion in the formal dress
of small boys through his adaptation
OF Gainsborough models. The
youngsters hated such "trappings,"
but that did not alter the fact that
they were an improvement OF a sort
over the sartorial atrocities previ-
ously inflicted upon helpless Juniors.
Mr.. Birch continued to produce
attractive sketches until 1898. He
dies at eighty-seven, not a universal
celebrity but nevertheless deserving
of the remembrance which those who
have served vast public construc-
lively merit as a fair reward.
Evening star., 1943-06-20
A New Hiqhwoy Bridqe

One Of the most interesting OF
the Districts postwar construction
projects-a new bridge across the
Potomac to replace the aging High
way Bridge-came briefly before this
weeks meeting OF the Park and Plan
ming Commission. It is interesting
in two respects, first, as a good
example of the sort Of postwar plan
ming with a purpose with which our
engineers should be engaged, and,
secondly, because OF the transforma-
ton Of the Potomac Park section Of
Washington-begun with the Penta-
gon Building and the Jefferson
Memorial-which this bridge some
day will complete.
The planning now is made possible
by Federal highway funds, available
through the Highway Planning Sur
vey Of the Bureau OF Public Roads,
so wisely appropriated by Congress
for preparation of the actual working
drawings for future improvements
in the Nations highway system.
This appropriation is storing up a
great reservoir of the sort Of con-
struction work that must go forward
rapidly after the war. not merely to
provide employment but to furnish
necessary facilities for greatly in
creased travel.
The new bridge, for which studies
will be begun with the new fiscal
year, is at this stage merely pro-
posed bridge. It's exact location, its
architecture, the material to be used
all these things are yet to be de-
cided. 1t may take the form of two
bridges, designed for north and south
bound one-way traff1c, one being
built downstream from the old
Highway Bridge, which would remain
open during its construction, the
other on the site Of the present struc-
ture. The Highway Bridge was never
designed for present-day trafric, but
the engineers who make the plans
for its successor will be looking years
ahead. And they may also be looking
to the time when the old railroad
bridge and its embankment ap-
proaches also will have been re-
moved, with the railroad following
another route or going underground
and under the river.
There Is certain sentimental
interest, to The Star, in the news
that plans for this new highway
bridge are in the making For The
Star campaigned for years, in the
early part OF this century, for con-
struction Of the present span to
replace the Long Bridge built in
1872. 1t was fine bridge in it's day.
but that day long since has passed.
Evening star., 1943-06-20

selfish world which will destroy itself
The fifth freedom Is the freedom to
submit our will to a sovereignty higher
than our own. 1t is the freedom 10 be e
slave. Until we accept a yoke our
strength can never be harnessed. Free
dom to do as we please Is freedom to
wreck the world.
Our wills are ours-we know not how
Our wills are ours to make them Thine"
never put away childish things, without
self-control or discipline, irresponsible in
conduct, lawless in habit, makes the task
ahead envisioned by the four freedoms
well-nigh overwhelming. America needs
to face the fact that better men alone
can make better world, better business,
better education, better religion.
The four freedoms without the fifth
will never bring security and salvation.
Chemistry without character may mean
murder; with character 1t brings healing
TO man has been given the faculty of
creating beauty, and he has used the
gifts of divine grace to destroy the works
Of his hands and the heritage of his
children. To man has been given the
power OF devotion and sacrifice, and he
has tied them to causes and loyalties
that lead to the gates of hell. France
fell not just because of the Germans,
but because she refused direction, dedi-
cation and discipline.
This crisis is revealing some ominous
flaws In the life of America Democracy
Is saying in this solemn hour, take nv
yoke-which means a bill of duties as
we'll as bill Of rights. Religion is say
ing, take my yoke-that is the way from
religion as form to religion as a force.
The greatest emancipator of the ages,
who has captured more hearts and con-
quered more wills than any other person
who has ever walked the earth, is still
saying, take my yoke. He offers the
NTH freedom; but knowing its cost, asks
solemnly, Are We able to drink of the
cup of which I drink" But one whom
He makes free is free indeed. George
Matheson with blind eyes has seen the
eternal splendor of submission which
leads to freedom, as he prays:
Make me captive Lord,
And then I shall be free;
force me to render up my sword
And 1 shall conqueror be.
I cannot freely move
Till Thou hast wrought my chain;
Enslave me with Thy matchless love.
ana deathless shall reign
Evening star., 1943-06-20
How Can You Tell?

An eminent psychiatrist from Bos-
ton, speaking professionally Of the
Nazis, says there can be no doubt
that "the atrocities, the untold suf-
ferings, torture and barbaric crimi-
nal slaughter which the Axis powers
have been party to will eventually
take its toll Nothing will save them
from mental disintegration."
1t seems probable that Germany
will go crazy, but technical point
is automatically brought up. How
can any one, even an eminent psy-
chiatrist, tell when it happens? What
standard of future lunacy can be
applied to a nation that right now
claims the United Nations were the
first to bomb cities, and that anyhow
even if the Nazis did bomb Warsaw,
Rotterdam, London and others first,
it was legally correct, inasmuch as
their air force was merely acting as
mobile artillery in a legitimate cam
paign Of invasion? AS far back as
the last war, when a Zeppelin re-
turning from raid on London was
shot down at lonely point on the
British coast, Germans Illuminated
over the barbarity and illegality of
attacking the big gas bag while it
was over a military objective.
Such instances of twisted reasoning
so narrow the field between sanity
and insanity that the eminent psy-
chiatrist would be we'll advised not
to work too hard on the case, lest he,
too, lose his mind.
Evening star., 1943-06-20

nounced his special qualifications
may be An indication of the nature Of
the r. campaign contemplated after
the monsoon. This must be a COM
plex operation, co-ordinating ground,
naval and air forces; yet the empha-
sis on any Of those branches of the
service logically will vary with the
strategic objective. For instance, a
concentrated blow delivered at Ran
COON for an immediate invasion OF
Burma would involve a different
setup from. preliminary operations
on an arc from Akyab to the Anda-
man Islands and Malaga. The one
thing that appears certain is that
major military moves are in prepa-
ration against Japan when autumn
weather renders them feasible.
Evening star., 1943-06-20
Cottonwoods and Men
m the Lyons (Kans.) News

from the Lyons Kans) News
We have 60-year-old cottonwood tree
IN our yard. Right now it is shedding
Bits OF cotton, the size of snowflakes
each carrying seed, are drifting in the
breeze. We imagine 100000 of these seeds
year would be conservative estimate.
In the five years we have lived there
million must have fallen. Also, within
nve years, to the best of our knowledge,
not more than five of those seeds have
lodged within radius OF five blocks 50
as to germinate into cottonwood off,
spring.
The above is just a prelude to
thought we had yesterday as this falling
cotton was tickling our ears. The life
span of the cottonwood tree is about
that Of a man. Its chance of reproducing
itself is about one in 100000, perhaps
not that. It sees its seeds and seedlings
destroyed or wasted by the millions.
While man expects his seedlings to ma
ture almost 100 per cent and grieves and
rails at Providence if they do not.