davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-11-08
COmmends Work
OF Afraid Wardens.

TO tNe EGltOr OF The STAT.
At a recent meeting of the Northern
Seventh Street BusinesSmen's Associa-
ton I was instructed to write to you re-
garding q motion that was passed,
unanimously, expressing confidence in
the accomplishments of the air-raid
WardenS of Washington.
1t was felt that their splendid, pa
triotic services should not be hampered
by undue criticism, either by individuals
or by newspaper propaganda. Keeping
in mind that their work is entirely VOL
untary, it would be very helpful to offer
them encouragement from time to time
rather than critical disbursement.
KATHRYN E. BOWERS, Secretary.
Evening star., 1943-11-08
More Bod News for Jopon

~
Bad news for Japan" That was
the way President Roosevelt charac-
terized the announcement at his
latest press conference of the agree
ment arrived at in Chungking be-
tween Generalissimo Chang Kali
shek and high American and British
Army leaders.
The President emphasized that the
conference had been a complete sue
cess and that plans had been drawn
up for a continental campaign par
tlclpated in Jointly by the armies of
all three powers. 1t is understood
that the Chungking meeting is the
logical sequel to the Quebec con-
ference last summer, where Lord
Mountbatten was chosen as the su-
preme Allied commander of the new
Southeast Asia front based on India
and Ceylon. 1t will be recalled that
the quebec communique stated that
the discussions had turned very
largely upon the war against Japan
and the bringing of effective aid to
China" At that time the monsoon
season, then at its height, precluded
large-scale military operations in
southeastern Asia. Now the favor
able dry season is on and will last
until the monsoon rains and gales
begin again in May. Furthermore
the collapse of Fascist Italy and the
surrender of the italian fleet. with
attendant Allied mastery of the
Mediterranean, has made possible
the release Of big British and Ameri-
can naval forces for use in the IN
dian Ocean, the necessary prereo,li-
site to Sea-borne Allied expedition
ary forces against Japanese-held
Burma and Malaga. Provided mill
tarY preparations have been made
on the requisite scale, the six months
OF good weather just ahead give time
enough for body blows against the,
japanese throughout Southeastern
Asia.
How great part the Chinese can
play IN this concerted operation is
uncertain. Anticipating an Allied
offensive, the japanese have been
launchlng preventive attacks on the
burma road from Burma and have
also started their annual plundering
raids on the rice bowl region of
South Central China. where the
crops have just been garnered. The
ChlneSe armies are known to he
Woefully short of equipment. and if
should be understood that their
adequate rearming by Western aid
requires much more than even a re-
conquest of Burma and reopenjng
OF the Burma road which IS at best
unable to carry more than a fraction
OF the supplies needed to eou,n
Chlna's abundant manpower for a
1ull-Scale offensive against the Japa-
heSe. Expulsion of the japanese from
lhalland and French Indo-China
would probably be the minimum re-
quired for access to China on major
scale. This indicates the scope of
the strategic problem confronting
Allled strategy. However, the Japa :
heSe also have their troubles. Just
at the moment when they are faced
win an unprecedented threat from
india, the Toxic war lords are COM
pelled to draw heavily on their naval
shipping and air reserves to stem the
Aimed menace to Rabaul and the
whole japanese position in the
South Paci6o
Evening star., 1943-11-08
Elaborates on Use
OF Milk as Food.

To the Editor Of The Star:
I see that Miss Madelyne Roussin
seems not to have read my letter upon
the milk subject with much care.
did not state that milk was not a good
food for adults. I stated that nature
produces it solely for the nourishment
of immature mammals. Adult animals
in state of nature do not get milk.
That writer says: 1T is a great source
of calcium, the bone builder, and as
such is exceptionally good for mothers
both before and after the babies come.'
Yes, milk is bone builder, but those
of full adult growth are supposed to
have finished their bone building.
Years ago I visited camp of the
Brule Sioux Indians. There I saw the
healthieSt children one would want to
see. 1 inquired as to their feeding
habits. The men told me they ate only
one meal day, at evening, but the
children were fed meat soups when
they wanted it. They had no COWS. so
they had no milk but their mothers.
They all were the healthiest and largest
Indians I ever saw.
There are other foods that contain
more calcium than milk: Water cress,
3.5 per cent; lettuce, 265 dandelions.
262; spinach, 227; white cabbage, 216
Swiss chard, 2.l1: cottage cheese, 143;
lemon, 1.27, and cows milk, 122.
While milk is quite a complete food
yet in times of stress, the race would
not. perish without it.
The calories fad seems to have given
way to the vitamin content of various
foods, What the next will be is difficult
to foreteI. H. B. BRADFORD.
Evening star., 1943-11-08
To the Mother of q Neoro
Chaplain

You hOe alone upon narrotp street,
Your head bo,0ed by the snoscy'
bloom, OF years,
Halt blinded no1o, you 90 on lonely
feet
Remembering your son. You hare
no tears
But pride alone TOR him w1so bears
the flame
OF Gods o1Dn words upon an island
shore,
Who kneels to call men by a BROTH.
er'S name.
o, proud black mother, lift your:
head and smile,
You sent your o,Dn brave heart to:
other lands,
For your son, too, ,oalks CalUarys:
last mile
TO bring men solace III his strongs
bro11n hands. =
ALMA ROBSON HIGBx1.
Evening star., 1943-11-08
Use of Horse Cavalry
Draws Praise.

To the Editor of The Star:
Press dispatches have much to say
about the way the Russian Cossack
horse cavalry-sabers and all-is beat
ing the Huns, slaughtering them by the
thousands. 1t is interesting to know
that Stain does not consider horse
cavalry obsolete nos the saber either!
1t has long been my contention that
horse cavalry has vital role to play in
modernized warfare and I submit that
the good results Stain is getting in
Russia speak far more eloquently than
any word of mine.
We may need few horses for Burma
road and such other places as terrain
and topography favor their use. The
horse cavalry has far greater use than
participating in parades and helping
escort the honored dead to Arlington.
WILLIAM ROBERT FUOSS.
Tyrone, Pa.
Evening star., 1943-11-08

some one whose ability and integrity
were beyond question. Because Mr..
Baruch measures up to these specifi-
cations, the country may be assured
that this vital work has been in
trusted to the right man.
Evening star., 1943-11-08
Letters to the Editor

Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address of
the 1Urfter, although the use of
a pseudonym for publication IS
permissible. The Star reSerUeS
the right to edit all letters Nth
a pie1C to condensation. "-@
Evening star., 1943-11-08

@. What is the size of the Thumb
Bible?-L. M. S.
A. The Thumb Bible first published In
1910 at Aberdeen, Scotland. measured
IA by Ia inches without the cover,
The text can be read clearly with a
magnifying glass.
Evening star., 1943-11-08

@. What does FLAX stand for?-L.
E. l..
A. This Is an abbreviation for tho
German word Observation-Disclosures"
literally, flying machine warding off
gum
Evening star., 1943-11-08
Hoskin's S Answers
To Questions
By Frederic J. Hdskin.

Many readers send In questions to
the information bureau signed only
1Dith initials. asking that the ansuers
appear in the newspaper. The space
is limited and t0ould not accommodate
a fraction OF such requests. Besides,
the subject matter is often too per-
sonal to be of general interest. Send
your question to The EUeninq Star
: Information Bureau, Frederic J. Has
kin, director, Washington, d. C.. In
close stamp for return postage.
Evening star., 1943-11-08

@. Where is the largest tobacco mar
ket?-A. E. w.
A. The largest tobacco market in the
United States is in Lexington, KY.
Evening star., 1943-11-08

@. What is the term which denotes.
the comforting of degree by a uni;
versity?-E. E. B.
A. The term is 'laureation" It goes
back to the ancient Greek custom of
placing sprays of laurel and daphne
about the foreheads of victorious heroes
and poets.
Evening star., 1943-11-08

@. How deep is the sand In the Sahara
Desert?-R. E. @.
A. The depth varies Dunes are often
piled up to heights of 300 and 400 feet.
Evening star., 1943-11-08

@. Where is there a Sikh Temple in
the United States?-M. P. B.
A. What is said to be the only Sikh
Temple in the United States is the one
in Stockton, Calf. Visitors must take
off their shoes before entering the tenn
pie proper.
Evening star., 1943-11-08

@. How can mold be removed from
maple syrup?-W. V. E.
A. Boil it for a few minutes and then
filter through a cotton cloth, using a
funnel if desired. The resulting syrup
should be fit for use.
Evening star., 1943-11-08

@. Are members Of the merchant ma.
rine given the same privileges as vet
erans?-H. w.
A. The United States Maritime COM
mission says members of the merchant
marine are not at present given the
same benefits as personnel of the armed
forces because of their status. The mer-
chant marine is a voluntary service.
Merchant sailors are paid by the ship
operator employing them.
Evening star., 1943-11-08

@. Is the Indian population of this
country increasing or decreasing Y.
A. Indians are increasing rapidly.
Population studies indicate that If pres
ent trends continue Indians may num-
Der 100000 or more within the next 40
years. This is the number conservatively
estimated to have been here in the time
of Columbus.
Evening star., 1943-11-08

@. What is the range Of the walkie-
talkie?-C. E. N.
A. The walkie-talkie has range Of
about Is miles.
Evening star., 1943-11-08

@. Did India ink originate IN India?
B. M.
A. 1t did not. This type of ink was
invented in China, but received the
name India because it reached Europe
by way of that country.
Evening star., 1943-08-08
Transport Crisis

Sabotage of Belgian railways and loco
motives has reached such proportions in
Belgium that freight transportation to
Germany has been crucially dislocated.
Forcing Belgian hostages to accompany
military trains travelling across Occupied
Belgium, has merely aroused the peoples
ire and effective sabotage has continued.
The Germans have now announced that
a special corps of soldiers will accompany
all conveys Of troops. materiel or goods
for the Wehrmacht. These soldiers have
been given orders to fire without warning
on any person seen approaching a train.
Belgian railroad employees have been
warned that this measure even applies to
freight trains with only one or two Ger
man cars and that it is consequently
dangerous to approach any train without
having first been adequately identified by
the guard.
Such measures however, are impotent
to restrict the two other important fac
tors tying up transport-the Raj raids
and the deterioration of rolling stock due
to the shortage of lubricants and new
parts.
Evening star., 1943-08-08
ONCE RESENTED, WINS U. S. RESPECT

Ernest Frederick Lindley Wood, the
third Viscount Halifax, got a rather
rough reception when he came to the
United States two and half years ago
as Britain's Ambassador
But now, as the lanky diplomat pre-
pares to return. to England for his an
nual report to his government. he can
look back upon improved Anglo-Amer-
lean relations both in a national and
personal sense.
On trips through the United States
shortly after he came to Washington,
Lord Halifax was pelted with eggs and
tomatoes at one city, picketed by angry
women carrying signs which read Send
Halifax to Halifax" and denounced as a
warmonger.
Since then, however, the man whose
Job is to represent Britain in America
has been given keys to dozen cities.
His mail resembles that of movie star,
with as many requests for autographs
and photographs.
In fact, the 63-year-old scholar
statesman has become such a PERSONAL
ity on the American scene that letter
addressed to Lord Halifax, America"
arrived from England recently without
delay.
Riding His Hobby.
Lord Halifaxs sober triangular face,
his stiff white collars and his unshakable
dignity have earned him the name of
"the movies ideal British diplomat"
He once said he would rather be mas
ter of the hounds than a cabinet min
ister He has been both. Probably when
he gets back to England he will take
time out to ride through his country
estate during his six to eight weeks stay
before he returns to the United States.
A public school and Oxford man,
former Viceroy Of India and a peer in his
own right even before he took his fathers
title, the reserved and poised diplomat
didn't appear the type of Englishman
likely to win ready popularity with Amer
leans generally.
Evening star., 1943-08-08
rials to see whether the skin is

GUS materials to see whether the skin is
sensitive to them.
A few years ago outbreaks Of skin
blemishes in this country were attributed
to the material in a synthetic substitute
for women's silk stockings.
Schwartz proved that 1t was not the
material itself, but chemical finish that
had been added later to make the mate
rial feel smoother and, among other
things, to help prevent runs. The finish
ing process was changed.
SchWartzs colleagues say he has never
muffed a case, but he recalls one problem
that had him on the ropes for two years
, At conduit plant, certain employees
who worked in the factory yard suffered
from a skin disease, but those who
worked inside the plant didn't get the
disease-even though both handled the
same materials
Finds Answer Later.
Almost two years later, woman came
into Scnwartzs Office complaining of a
lip infection. The doctor found that q
certain dye in her lipstick made her lips
very sensitive to light When he was
telling her this, the answer to the con-
duit problem came to him in a flash.
The conduits contained material
that caused light sensitivity among
workers who came in contact with it.
And sunlight, brought out the rashes
on the outside workers.
Another ftroo hn fol,nd hof !, oI,
ical used In manufacture Of certain rub
Der gloves caused augmentation Of
the skin. Negro workers showed large
white areas on their arms
The disease was checked by changing
the type of glove worn, but the doctor
had an inspiration. Maybe the chemical
could be used to remove ugly marks
from the white skin. Tests made by
DR.. Samuel M. Peck Of Schwartzs staff
showed that it could-and 1t now Is
used in certain cases
A native of New York, DR.. Schwartz
has been with the Public Health Service
for 81 years. His early days in the serv-
ice were spent in China, Japan, the
Philippines, Alaska and the Aleutian
Islands
Once he conducted extensive studies
on human posture
He differed with those who held
unequivocally that poor health was as
sociated with poor posture. He had no
patience with persons who contended
that the Greek athletes of old always
stood erect.
Schwartz hustled to the Metropolitan
museum of Art in New York, took a
look at the statues and came away with
the report that the Greeks slouched just
like any one else when resting.
And Venus de Milo" he adds today,
Stands like a tired clerk"
Evening star., 1943-08-08

to Negotiate Peace. His assistant Is Dr.
A. F. Greaves- Walker
Leith's branch started before we got
into this war and came into OPRD on
the latters organization. This branch
has received close to hundred proposed
methods Of extracting aluminium from
clay and rocks. The problem was which
would work best with the time and ma
terials available. About so were re-
ported on. several are in production and
standing by, under pilot plant conditions,
are others calculated for any emergency
present or future.
America now has its first tin smelter
To DR.. Leith's branch came the question
Of smelling methods. He asked indus
try. The result was amazing. Literally
dozens were proposed. Several are COM
pletely new. An old method of proven
success was installed, but with provision
in the plant for developing new methods
Alcohol is second only to water as
solvent in industry. Alcohol can be made
from almost any organic material and
America will emerge from this war with
not one but several new proven methods
not only industrial but beverage
One may enable distillers to make al
cohol from wheat and even from whole
wheat and granular flour instead of be-
ing limited to corn. 1t now appears
there never again will be threat to get
alcohol from breWeries and sugar re-
f1neries. Conversion of those two great
sources now would cost more in money
ana priority materials than complete
plants of newer design. On the other
hand, it may become necessary to make
alcohol from wood waste.
Alcohol falls in the chemical indus
tries branch, another division which
started over a year ago and was taken
into the new Office. Its chief is DR. D. B.
Keyes, head of chemical engineering at
the University of Illinois. He is of me-
dium height, lean, dark and driving
type of man.
| This branch expedites the development
Evening star., 1943-08-08
OPRDS NEW METHODS SPEED WAR OUTPUT

America is swinging into the last mile
of its war effort. through the work of a
seven-month-old scientific committee,
the Office of Production Research and
Development of the War Production
Board.
This last mile. says Donald M. Nelson,
chairman of WPB, covers the period
wherein America will reach her pro-
duction peak through refnements in the
many billion dollar techniques already
under way, rather than by new projects.
The new Office includes also inven-
tions and alternate materials to preserve
Americas civilian way of life.
The head man is a handsome six
footer DR.. Harvey N. Davis, president
of Stevens Institute of Technology. His
office, in it's first two months, inyesti-
gated and disposed of 300 new projects.
There is drama in accepted projects.
Not all are military secrets. One Is a
machine for testing mica, the first OF
It's kind. The OPRD proposed 1t and the
Western Electric laboratories solved the
problem. Two weeks after the first
fIlOQel WAS USIIlOIlSITdCeQ, HllQ DelOIe
even the complete specifications could
be put through for manufacture, mica
men were asking Congress members to
investigate what they thought was delay
in production.
Removes Guesswork
This urgency is typical of the refine
ments which Nelson stresses as the job
from now on. The new machine takes a
lot of guesswork out of grading mica
The difference between using grade 2
instead of grade for insulation in some
military planes is said to be loss of sew
eral miles an hour.
The job, in Nelson's words, sis to do in
months for American industry what in
dustry itself might require years or even
decades to do under peacetime condi-
tions."
Recently an entire department of Har-
ward University spent one afternoon get
ting the answer to critical question
Evening star., 1943-08-08

States when the battle for Britain was
at an ominous point. His task of
strengthening American-Britishr relations
was as critical as his job as foreign min
lister at Munich or viceroy during the
Indian Nationalist uprisings. Since he
has been here, lease-lend has reached
gigantic proportions, the trickle Of In
formation, men and materials between
the two Allies has widened to a. flood.
Lord Halifaxs view of Anglo -Ameri-
can relations is, in his own words, that
mutual understanding and cooperation
won't necessarily solve all our problems,
but there are very few that can be
solved without it."
The war has resulted in at least a
quadrupling of the Embassy staff, and
the Ambassador works from 9 am. until
late at night. He seldom has time now
for the or 4 mile walks along the banks
of the Potomac that he used to take.
Sons Do Their Duty.
But often he strides out of the i'm
pressive red-brick Embassy, with Lady
Halifaxs dachshund wadding after him,
to walk in the grounds Of the Naval
Observatory nearby.
Lady Halifax spends much Of her time
speaking to women's clubs and work.
ing at Red Cross activities. Even Rich
ard Wood, their youngest son whose
legs were smashed by bomb when
he was serving with the 9th Army In
Libya. helps with the war work. Charles,
the oldest son, was with Montgomery's
force but is now In England. Peter,
the second son, was killed during the
battle of Ell Alamein.
Rationing applies to the British EN-
bassy as to any other American house
hold. and once last winter, when fuel
oil ran out, every one had to work In
his overcoat.
The war also has produced a popular
description Of His Majesty's Ambassa-
dora comparison with the Halifax
bomber-"long. ugly and packs a wal
lop."
Evening star., 1943-08-08
BY Frank Carey,
Associated Press Staff Writer

A mysterious skin disease broke out
recently among workers in large pro-
duction room in a big New York State
war plant.
The hands of the workers in one Sec
tion of the room were affected-while
in far-away section of the room. other
workers got rashes on their faces.
When various attempts to discover
the cause failed, the company appealed
to the United States Public Health Serv-
ice here and up to the plant went DR..
Louis Schwartz, 60year- old medical de-
tective-chief of the skin disease investi-
cation section of the National Institute
of Health.
1t didn't take Schwartz long to de-
termine that the trouble of the first
group OF workers came from a chemical
solvent they had been using. He rec
commended protective gloves.
But he was stumped for awhile in the
case OF the second group of workers
because they weren't using the solvent.
Then he noticed that the second group
worked on process that required a
temperature about 40 degrees higher
than that under which the first group
was working. There he had his answer: !:
Air circulates from cold area to a
hot one-ard mist from the solvent
used in the cold area was being car
ried through the air to the workers in
the other part of the room
At Schwartz's suggestion, shop car
penters rigged partition between the
two groups of workers-and the skin
blemishes of the second group quickly
disappeared, too.
Loss Grows With War,
That case is typical of many solved
by this sleuth. Industrial skin diseases,
which are large majority of all oc-
cupational diseases, have resulted in
less of millions of hours of work in both
peacetime and wartime industry.
DR.. Schwartz says that in peacetime.
skin diseases encountered in industry
cost $150000,000 year in medical care
and compensa tion-and that with in
dustry expanded under wartime needs.
the costs in medical care, compensation
and man-hours lost are proportionatelv
greater.
He and his small staff are concerned
not only with tracing the origin of dis
ease and treating 1t, but also with keep
ing the affected workers at their iobs.
Out of investigations in scores Of
plants, he says, has come the conclusion
that 80 per cent of new workers can
become hardened or immune to expo
sure to such things as dyes, finishing on
fabrics and certain explosives-if they
stay at work while being treated for skin
diseases caused by those substances.