davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-11-17
A Sound Idea

Secretary Hulls decision to appear
tomorrow before an informal Joint
session of Congress sets a new prece-
dent for cabinet officers and as such
may lend impetus to the efforts of
many SeriouS-minded Americans to
create better and more effective
liaison system between the legisla-
tive and executive branches OF our
Government.
One such effort is that being made
by Representative Estes Kefauver of
tennessee to have heads of depart
ments and independent agencies
appear before the House, once week
or once every two weeks, to answer
questions put to them by the mem
bers. To this end, Mr. Kefauver has
introduced resolution to amend the
rules of the House to permit that
kind Of procedure and to set up GER
tain regulations to govern it. For
instance, the question period would
be limited to two hours and there
would be specific committee controls
designed to keep it from getting out
OF hand or running off on non
germane tangents.
Whatever may be the weaknesses
OF this proposal, there can be no
doubt that it is fundamentally sound
and that the objective it seeks to
attain is eminently desirable. What
it aims at is simply to bridge the gulf
that all too often puts the legislative
and executive branches at odds
when they should be seeing eye to
eye or working in a reasonably CO.
operative manner. 1t is true, of
course, that the Constitution has
wisely established these branches,
along with the judiciary, as separate
organs of the Government neither
OF which is to encroach upon the
province of the other. But as Mr..
Kefauver points out, and as many
others before him have pointed out,
this does not mean that the three
are sealed off from each other. For
as co-ordinateS, they must work to-
gether; otherwise, our Federal sys-
tenn limps and the Nation suffers.
In arguing for his little -publicized
proposal, Mr.. Kefauver emphasizes
that the idea behind it is not new
but is in fact almost as old as the
Republic. Something like it was
advocated in the House in 1864, and
in the Senate in 1881, and by Presi-
dent Taft in 1918, and by many
others, including President Wilson,
since then. If properly put into
o4ect-and Mr.. Kefauver does not
Evening star., 1943-11-17
Industry in China

A considerable portion of the
magazine, China at War, for Octo-
ber, published by the Chinese News
Service, New York, is devoted to
articles about the industrial devel-
opment Of China. The subject is of
interest to Americans because of the
ties of friendship which unite them
with the Chinese people. 1t also is
important in relation to the prob
lens of postwar adjustment and
expansion.
The background of economic
progress in China, as elsewhere, nat
urally is the past. When Japan at
tackled the Chinese republic in 1897.
Wong Wen-Hao, Minister of Eco
nomic Affairs, writes: Light indus
tries" in China were better de-
veloped than heavy industries; in
dustrial establishments were con-
centrated in areas along the sea-
coast and waterways; and corpora.
Evening star., 1943-11-17
Invitation to Resion

In situations involving the imme-
date interests Of the people for
whom 1t speaks, 1t would be unrea- =
sonable to look for the strictest OBJ
jectivity in any trade union publica-
tion. But. even II this be granted,
the Journal Of the United Mine
Workers puts quite . strain on par
tisan editorial license In its demand
for the resignation Of the public
members OF the War Labor Board.
The Journal. following the line of
John L. Lewis in commenting on the
boards handling of the coal case,
says: American labor wants and de-
mands 4 labor board personnel in
whom honest workmen can place
confidence. American labor wants
the board left free from administra-
tion political dominat tion, free to
1udiciously determine the wage Is
sues presented to Them American
labor will Be satisfied with nothing
less"
These well-turned sentences should
not be taken too literally. The pres
ent public members Of the board, on
the whole, have been quite consider
ate In their treatment of labor-too
much 20, in the opinion of some of
the boards critics. Thus, when the
UNIV Journal speaks OF its desire for
board members In whom the workers
can have confidence, 1t means mon
who would be even less disposed than
the present members to refuse any
labor demand.
The insistence upon board
which would Be free to "judiciously
determine" wage issues has a good
American ring to 1t. But what does
1t mean? Presumably, a ruling
granting In full Mr.. Lewis original
$2-a-day demand would come within
the scope Of the Journals meaning.
But suppose some other board, en-
tirely free Of any and all political
domination, were to judiciously de-
termine that the miners were en-
titled to less than the present board
has given them. 1t requires no great
stretch OF the imagination to pie
ture the condemnation that would
be heapsd upon such \ ruling and
the men who made 1t.
II they can find any comfort In it,
the public members Of the board,
faced with this demand that they
resign, might recall the anscdote
about the man who was heard to
express the hope that the Judge
would return an honest decision in
his favor. He, like the Journal, over
looked the fact that there are two
sides to every dispute.
Evening star., 1943-11-17

tion antsrpriis vas not vslI d.
velepsd." Such large industry II
did exist was In the hands Of for
sisners, most notably the Japanese.
Changes, OF course. were insvita-
bic under the impact OF invasion;
but there have been gains ~ we'll
~ losses. For example, there has
been rapid growth OF manufac acturing
In the interior Of China-in Chung
king, 6sechwan and Human particu-
larly. "The second feature OF war
time Chinese industro is that more
factories are engaged in heavy in
dustry." Chemical plants number
s%7, machinery-building plants sl2,
textile plants s2<. 1t also IL true
that: More factories are under gov
ernment MANAGEMENT. In addition
to the nearly 100 units under the
National Resources Commission,
there are those under the seventeen
development corporations directly
controlled by the provincial govern
ments."
Minister Wong stresses the grad
ual increase in production, espe-
cially In silicon iron, copper, power
engines, motors and gasoline. Large
ly responsible for the reported ad-
vances has been the quickened in
tellectual character OF the people of
China. Engineers and technicians
In the various factories are gaining
precious experience in their fields of
work" 1t Is from this scientific per-
sonnel that the directing, executive
and administrative leaders of Chi
nese industry will come during the
discsrnihle future.
The whole area of China, accord
ing to DR.. WI Ching -Chao, senior
secretary in the Ministry Of Eco
nomic Affairs, should be thorough.
ly exploited" along lines of geo.
graphic correlation. Seven different
zones are suggested for Wholesale
planning" In behalf of - higher
standard Of living for the people"
The ultimate objective Of the whole
program ID stated by 0eneralissimo
Chang Kai-shek In his book.
"Chinas Destiny" ~ total indus
trialization." "nationalixatio ton of
capital and "popularisation of its
enjoyment and use."
Evening star., 1943-11-17
THIS AND THAT
By charles +. rraee,oeu.

flower seed. Spend the same money on
the birds; they will have to b. content
with less, as We all do.
1t must be remembered that our brave
Allies. the Russian people. are very fond
OF sunfiower seed.
They eat it just Is We do candy.
No doubt shipments OF this delicacy
are going to them, and the American
birds will be glad to make this sacrifice,
especially II they can get cantaloups
seed a. = substitute.
1t must b kept In mind, too, that at
this time Of year the woods are full Of
berries Of all kinds. ripening on dogwood
and other trees and bushes.
These are natural foods, and birds
will 60 long way to find them
The forests. lying close around the city
In all directions are filled with merry
birds, eating the berries forming on the
shrubs.
They consume. too, the seeds of an.
nual wild flowers, including the various
weeds.
Autumnal activities, through all grow
ing things. tend to stir up quantities OF
Insects and to expose larvae.
The birds know, through centuries,
about all these forest secrets.
1t Is not strange, therefore, that there
Us temporary disappearance of some
species at suburban bird feeding places.
Ttmice and nuthatches are two spe-
cies which have joined the cardinals in
the woods
They will all be back, fortunately,
when the natural food larders in the
woods begin to run low.
= That is when the person who had kept
on feeding the birds, year after year,
cashes in on his devotion to them.
This devotion is not at all selfish. 1t
Is great help to the birds, which, in
their turn, spend many hours each year
cleaning up on insects and weed seeds,
and helping supply certain definite
amount OF fertility to the earth.
Without the birds. the annual food
crops Of agriculture would not be pos-
sible. Nor would there be the same
amount OF meat animals, since most of
these live OF the products Of the earth.
1t Is no unusual thing for 4 home gar
den where feeding operations are carried
on to have = dozen pairs Of cardinal,
all winter.
When winter really comes, the cardi.
mails will come back
The memory OF good food is hard to
down.
Whether human or bird, the hungry
creature recalls where he got satisfac-
ton before. Every eating place builds
upon this instinct.
Since the home garden bird feeding
station is really . sort OF bird cafateria.
1t draws its clientele from old customers.
II feeding place has been in opera =
ton since cool weather first came, it Is
reasonable to suppose that its old Gus
toners will come drifting back to it one
by one. or two by two, as the tempera-
ture goes down.
Evening star., 1943-11-17
Whsrs have the cardinals gone?

Where have the cardinals gomez
This was the question which came to
this column recently from many readers.
Whereas their yards had seen many
redbirds. now they had none, or at most
one pair was left.
The temporary disappearance OF the
cardinals may be accounted for In three
ways.
One Is the desire Of birds which re-
main here the year around to have Z
short period in the woods.
This is natural, and after 1t Is over
the birds will return to their old haunts,
especially II feeding operations had been
carried on there.
In the second place. the old birds an
nually drive away the young ones. This
is for their own good
The third reason for the disappear
ance Of this supremely fine creature is
the lack Of sunnower seed in mixtures
put out for the birds.
Persons who are not Of an investigative
turn may not have noticed the absence
Of this seed in the mixtures sold Is
wild bird food"
When sunflower seed gets to 30 cents
pound, as 1t has recently, not very much
OF 1t is going to be mixed in with other
seeds and grains.
And not many persons, one may feel,
will be either able or willing to pay that
much for sunfiower seed, greatly though
1t be appreciated by all the birds which
winter with us.
Cantaloupe seed sells for 20 cents per
pound. At least it did 4 few days ago,
and it is a very good substitute for sun
flower seed.
All of the species which specialize in
eating sunfiower seed viii eat and like
the seeds Of the cantaloupe.
Millions OF pounds of this seed go to
waste every season in homes, restau-
rants and hotels.
1t is just part OF our annual waste,
and part Of the price we pay for our
freedom. The only way 1t could be pre-
vented would be for Hitlerian admin
istration to compel every one to save
these seeds.
The waste, We submit, is worth 1t, II
only to keep our liberty of action.
Today this country is faced by 4 null
titude of 'directives" which take away
liberty Of action. They may be neces-
sary, under the circumstances, but let
us hope that the circumstances do not
continue too long.
The cantaloupe seed is thrown away
by the millions Of pounds. 1t would not
be necessary to grow cantaloupe Just for
seed, If the seeds wasted could be sal.
vaged.
Cardinals and chickadees seem to like
cantaloupe seed better than sunfiower
seed
We had never thought it possible.
So If sunfower seed is lacking from the
old seed mixture, get some cantaloupe
seed to put in it,
Or purchase 4 lesser amount OF sun.
Evening star., 1943-11-17
An Open Letter
To joseph AusIonder

You raise your Uoics for W who dare
not speak:
You cry aloud against this bitter
tDrong.
For Dutch, Norwegian. Pole snd
Czech and Greek
You bear the torch-you keep
alius our song.
You knoU that deep pithin rs still
resides
4 burning faith that ws shall not
relinQnish,
And in our hearts such courage still
abides
As not tvrant's might shnH yet
ertinDuish.
And pe are grateful from our psry
soul,
Though grateful you ,oould xsVer
haze rs be;
You cry for xs-tor mankind a. Q
irhols-
You strike at any Toe OF liberty.
Your voics Is like a beacon IN the
night;
We are not lost while We bshold Ms
light!
MAE w1NKLER GOODMAN.
Evening star., 1943-11-17
Argues Value Of Wages
As Source Of Buying Power"

To the Editor Of Ths Star.
According to 4 recent dispatch from
Rodney Crowther, \ stan correspondent
of the Baltimore Sun. the Truman Com
mittee has been studying the industrial
future of the country and recommends
that both labor and industry be fair
to each other in regard to wages In the
postwar period. The committee ID said
to have warned labor that the Govern
ment will not be putting up the money
for production then and will not be
absorbing the higher labor costs.
In other words, the committee is
backing up the stand taken by the
Chamber OF Commerce of the United
States that we must have radical reduc-
tions in wages following the war.
Neither the chamber nor the commit
tee seems to have the courage to come
out and say that they favor this reduc-
ton In wages, but instead talk about
labor being fair to industry or about
the need for wage adjustments.
The words of the Truman Committee
will be pleasing to the industrialists who
are looking for the slightest reason for
slashing wages and who will welcome
the words Of encouragement which the
committee is giving them. Yet this idea
that We must have wage reductions fol-
lowing the war is absolutely indefensi-
Bile. 1t views the wages of the workers
solely as a cost Of production and fol-
lows the economic thinking of such
economists as Gustave Cassel and others
who have built up quite an elaborate
thesis on the need for low wages in an
industrialized economic system 10 as
to make the things which the workers
produce cheap enough to be sold at a
profit.
This point of view disreDards entirely
the fact that the most important thins
Evening star., 1943-11-17
Poland's Future
Prom the Montreal Star.

from the Montreal Star
Poland was Killers excuse for starting
= world war. \ jumping on place for his
dreams Of world domination. He ex-
pected Poland to collapse with the first
shot. Instead, Poland fought valiantly.
II in few short weeks it was over
whelmed its people nevertheless offered
the world an example Of courage and
tenacity. Of willingness to die rather
than surrender to the forces of evil.
That spirit still animates the Polish
millions now scattered over the earth,
and it will animate the re-esta ablishment
Of the republic under a democratic re-
gime chosen by the people who have
sacrificed 50 much.
Evening star., 1943-11-17
Government Occupancy
OF Chastleton Protested.

10 the Editor Of Ths Star:
The mass meetings OF the residents
Of the Chastleton Apartments should
awaken every Government worker in
the District TO the dangers threaten
ing his home.
As Is we'll known, 1t is almost impos-
sible to find 4 vacant housekeeping
apartment in this city. Some OF the
tenants in this building have called at
more than 40 places in day. only to
be told they have no vacancies and have
had none for almost two years
Fully 80 per cent Of the Chastleton resi-
dents are Government employees or war
workers. Many are the wives or mothers
OF men in the armed forces. Yet the
Navy is figuring on evicting them from
their homes, where some have lived for
from 5 to 20 years, to make room for q
crowd OF young woman trainees whose
stay here would be only temporary.
How is it that the Government would
do such a thing to its invaluable, highly
trained, long-experienced workers to
make room for any other group OF en-
ployes? 1t just does not make sense!
Oficial records show that there are
thousands Of vacant rooms in the Dis.
trict available for the adequate hous-
ing of these young WAVES.
II Government authorities permit the
Navy to evict US, 1t will do untold dam
age to the morale Of its District work.
ers and will hurt the war effort because
worthwhile people will not come here
to work and be exposed to such treat
ment.
The Government made bad mistake
when it took over the Dupont Circle
Apartment, as events have shown. Why
repeat it?
A CHASTLETON TENANT,
Evening star., 1943-11-17
Yes, Indeed!

From the South 1end Tribune.
The first Thanksgiving celebration
began at Plymouth. Mas. Thursday,
November }, 1921, and lasted for three
days! That, OF course was some time
before the current shortage of turkeys
began.
Evening star., 1943-11-17
Letters to the Editor

Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address of
the ,oriter, although the use OF
a pseudonym for publication is
permissible. The Star reserves
the right to edit all letters Nth
a pte,D to condensation.
Evening star., 1943-11-17

about the wages Of the workers is not
their ehect As = cost Of production,
but their effect ~ = market for the
goods that industry can produce. If the
industrialists will look at wages As 4
source Of buying power, and thus a
market for goods, they will see that
instead Of slashing wages TO reduce
costs, they actually should increase them
by at least IS per cent. so as to create
= greater market for goods. They would
find that the greater market for goods
would enable them to operate their
plants at 30 much nearer capacity pro-
cuction and enable them to have
enough lower overhead cost in relation
to operating expenses that they could
absorb the Is per cent in wages with
out increasing prices. To do this, indus
try would probably have to cut its profit
margin, but the greater volume of FOODS
would actually produce = greater net
profit instead Of less.
CLARENCE ARMSTRONG,
Evening star., 1943-11-17
Commendation
For Editorial


For Editorial.
TO the Editor Of The Star:
Your paper should be highly COM
mended Tor your editorial of November
IL entitled Lebanon Fracas."
The shots reportedly fred by the
French senegalese troops in Lebanon
were certainly shots heard round the
world" They were very loud around
the Arab, American and British world,
They were the first shots fred by q gov
ernment, although temporary, of one
OF the United Nations against demo-
cratic self-government, the first and
foremost Of the four freedoms. Let us
hope 1t has been but sad mistake which
viii Be Yectihed Immediately. N. NJ. q.
Evening star., 1943-11-17
Defends President
Against Attack"
TO the Editor af T>hs n . >

TO the Iditor Of The STAR
During the past 10 years President
Roosevelt has bsen 4 victim of attacks
exceeding, In some instances, even those
hurled against Fascism. The rieht to
criticize any one from the Chief Execu-
tive and Congress down to the smallest
local ofacial has been a privilege which
Americans have guarded jealously,
God-given right which w now are
hghting to secure
1t also is an American privilege to
expose those whose attacks against the
President have been all venom and no
praise. good deal of just criticism
has been fired at the Presidents Do
mestic policies. Some Of them have been
Il-conceived and unjust. But whatever
faults the man may have, his conduct
OF foreign affairs and his remarkable
leadership In awakening q slumbering
Nation to the insidious forces which
threatened us from within and from
without by far overshadows his most
glaring mistakes.
ihe fact remains that Mr. Roosevelt's
domestic errors still have left us a free
nation. but = weak and faltering
resistance to Fascist tyranny would have
paved the way for an American Quisling
am certain that those who have
worked with might and main for victory
over Fsscism. however bitterly opposed
tney may have been to his domestic
policies, will join the Presidents most
ardent supporters and grant him just
recognition as one of the great states
men Of our time. DAVID AsCH.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1943-03-18

Adequate farm powcr and rH"n9 'E
:ation are vital - ;nc Operations e.
any i;.,m a"d on. W.-N'n'r 'c.
sentatiV"S Shuul,. provide Il
Farm Requirements and Proc"
The United state ,.~
tuu."rO farmers ATS u
diu';rNv acreage u.. -...
ly ai'r ,HmNJw ..r .
Il .. NrISInC. \ ....
certain obligation. N,'. n
mCrS are So ,nD-t,iut,. '.. ...
Chatc unGcv Il '.H,. i....... ..'
rCgimcnta;iDn tr.i4...N. .. '
Henderson daily dispatch., 1943-03-18
parts FOR old equipment.

parts FOR old equipment.
Livestock farmers in particular are
m,Nthg sfeat trouble In moving their
~ ouoe's. This is not only tru. IN
!he'f owa TRUCK transportation viii, ,
: rariaiy wearing out. but also in
,"lnection with rail transportation
h''l'Haa personnel is, Of cuu.:r do.
81 '":ihs by reason of men going M,
me Hrmed services aiIu in conncct:,,n
WIN 'her employment in wa ~
S"S,r.eS' Coupled with the need ia,
I'"'as great quantities OF war ..,,.,,
the railroads cannot be bla;ns.I
Evening star., 1943-09-03
1~eA a4

Tomorrow: Special topic.
Ten illustrations by Frank c. Pane
appear in the picture leafet, AFRICA's
copy, send 3 self addressed envelope
bearing a. Scent stamp to Uncle Ray.
in care Of The Evening Star
Evening star., 1943-09-03
Uncle Roy's Corner

sawfish have bigger snouts han
swordfish. Only small proportion
Of the swordfish have shouts, or
swords" as long as four feet.
Many sawfish. on the other hand,
have shouts - or saws" - with
length of five feet. Some grow saws
which are six feet long!
A saw six feet long is quite I
weaponi 1t is edged with sharp
teeth which jut out on each side.
The common length of a full
grown sawfish Is from eight to Is
feet. Some, however, are 20 feet.
long.
Think OF trying to At a 20-foot
sawfish into dining room of a
home! Very likely the room would
not be large enough to hold it at
full length.
In such case 1t would be well to
have dead sawfish, not d live one
A live one, slashing about with its
saw, would be very dangerous to
people.
A six-foot saw may be as much
Evening star., 1943-09-03

has handsome over-arching dorsaI
fin that has a great black splotch.
Ihis Is referred to as the pirates
black flag" and Is always carried
with great dignity as the owner
fits about his small water domain.
These fish are almost translucent.
The color varies, according to the
ref1ected or transmitted light. Some
times. they are a pale gold. again a
blushing pink or rose. The red
color shows along the spinal col
umn and Is apparently an internal
color.
The male, when coming of age,
develops the longer dorsal fin. The
female shows brighter red tip with
a white edging on hers. There is no
difficulty recognizing the sexes.
When breeding these attractive
fish, the aquarium should, have a
fine thicket of leaves such as are
produced by the Myriophyllum. The
male chases his mate in and among
these leaves, and she drops her
eggs among them. She may lay as
many as 100. They are small, al
most transparent, and slightly ad-
hesive. After the eggs have been
fertilized, the fish should be re-
moved. The spawning fish will not
touch the eggs until the full quota
Is laid. II Daphina is present, the
eggs will be safe.
The young, II the water Il rs
degrees, will make their appearance
in three days. They are almost as
transparent as the eggs. Green
water, with an abundance of food
in it, will supply them with all they
need. If not available, -four made
Of ordinary fishfood will serve for
short time, but live food is, of
course, preferable. In less than six
months, when properly fed, the
rosies will be two-thirds grown.
AS almost all aquarium fish are
fond of Daphina, 1t is wise to add a
few to the aquarium when the fish
are spawning. Beware of being too
generous. Too often, Daphina will
multiply so fast they crowd out and
suffocate the baby fishes and even
the infusoria.
Clear and concise directions come
for the raising OF these fish. They
must be fed live food If they are
to breed. They are rather long
lived, as they attain the ripe old age
of four years.