davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-01-29

I are relics of moon madness of old
pagan dsys-Luna, from which we
get our uncomplimentary term "lu-
matte"
We have confusion thrice con-
founded by months of three diff
ferent lengths. There is no regu-
larity of dates for the days of the
week If we wish to know on what
day of the week October % will fall
this year, we have to look it up on
the calendar because it keeps shift
ing each year,
We still have September, October
November and December, derived
from the Latin septem, octo, novem
and decem, indicating sensibly that
they were, in proper order, the
seventh, eighth, ninth and tenth
months of the Old Roman year. But
we have them, in grossly improper
fashion, the ninth, tenth, eleventh
and twelfth months of our year.
This would be enough to make even
high school student of Languages
recoil with horror If he gave it a
moments thought, which happily he
does not.
There are two leading schools of
thought as to what should be done
about all this, One school proposes
l3-month calendar, four weeks to
each month, with the necessary in
| terpolated-or "intercalated," as the
technlcians put it-days to keep
things straight. Then there is the
World Cale.|dar Association, stick
ing to the Old order of II months
but revising the number of days in
the months TO definite and orderly
system.
It's a neat calendar, backed BY
many persons of wide learning anc
high repute, and it would be bene-
fit to simple citizens of all nations
If 1t were adopted throughout the
world. But the great task is to gel
1t adopted. Legislators are cool tx
it for the simple reason that it ISM
an issue on which man could bs
elected to, maintained in or thrown
out of public office.
(Released by the Bell Syndicate. Inc.)
Evening star., 1943-01-29

gantlet OF machine guns so they
came out quietly.
The German in charge of the
bunch frisked us and took our guns, /"
1t. Ogburn said. He put all six Of
us in the back seat of his car and
gave machinegun to guard in the
front seat. 1t was a mistake to give
the machinegun to the guard be-
cause I don't think he knew how to
use it.
"As soon as we drove around a
curve, one of the boys jumped the
German driver and another guard.
While they were being overpoWered,
Sergt. Smedegar was grabbing the
wheel and gear shift lever to keep
the car from turning over"
The Germans were thrown out of
the car and the crew sped up the
mountain road. They pushed the
car over a cliff and set out on foot.
For the next three days and nights
they wandered through the hills. In
narrow gulch they ran into Ger
man sentry who opened fire. In the
ensuing excitement, Ogburn, Smede-
gar and Parsons became separated
from the other three men.
After hiding for a while the three
men continued their trek until they
! finally located the village occupied
! by the Americans.
Evening star., 1943-01-29
Jap Paper Pessimistic
On CasabIanca Meetinu
By the Associated Press

BY the Associated Press.
LONDON, Jan. 29.-The Moscow
radio last night broadcast a pes
simistic commentary of the Jap
anese newspaper Yomiuri Hochi on
the Roosevelt Churchill meeting at
Casablanca.
AS recorded here by the Soviet
monitor, the newspaper said:
When we recall how carefully the
Anglo-American invasion of North
Africa was prepared and the scale
on which it was made, there is nc
ground for further optimistic con-
clusions concerning the future out
look
Concerning Russia, the Moscow
radio quoted the paper:
In her large-scale summer often
sive, Germany scored comparatively
little success and subsequently she
was even compelled to retreat, which
testifies to the enormous strength OF
the U. S. S. r."
Evening star., 1943-01-29
Living Costs Up O.5 Pei.
In Month, Labor Head Saws
E1 The Associated presk

ES the Associated Press.
Secretary of Labor Perkins esti-
mates that living costs climbed one
half of per cent from mid November
to mid-December, bringing the gen.
eral cost Of living up 9 per cent
above the pre-Pearl Harbor average
During the month, she announced
today, food costs climbed IL per
cent, but smaller increases were
noted for housefurnishingS, furni-
ture, sheets and mems clothing
, Womens clothing declined slightly
The rise in food costs was at
tributed mostly to seasonally higher
prices for fruits and vegetables, and
to somewhat higher egg and butter
prices.
Miss Perkins commented that
while meats we're scarce in many
communities, supplies of fresh fish
and poultry were said to be ade-
quate."
Evening star., 1943-01-29
S1,8l4,605 Appraisal
Put on Paul Block Estute
BY the Associated Press,

By the ASsocfAted Press.
NEW YORK. Jan. 29.-Paul Block,
newspaper publisher. left gross
estate of $1,814,605, which was re-
dred to net of 1892 $3.50 by debts
administrative costs and funeral ex-
penses, it was revealed yesterday in
an estate tax appraisal.
Debts of Mr.. Block, who died on
June %, 1941, totaled ST 1855 ,581, ac-
cording to the appraisal. and the
expenses of administration were
s66.693. Principal assets of the
estate were $500 shares Of class A
capital stock of Paul Block and
Associates, valued at $1,667,176, and
1000 shares of preferred stock,
valued at 100000.
The bulk of the estate was left to
his widow, children and other rela-
tives.
Evening star., 1943-01-29
-Four u. 5. Ships Sunk
By WoIfpack Of Subs
Off South America
rs Men Lost, 28 Missing
In Moss Attack on
Escorted Convoy
Fs the Associated Press.

rs the Associated Press.
MIAMI, Fla, Jan. 29.-Appar-
emily goaded to desperation by
ever-lengthening United States
convoy routes, the Axis sent a
wolfpack of submarines against
an escorted fleet of merchant
ships OF the South American
coast this month and blasted
four American vessels to the bot
tom.
Twenty-Five men we're lost and %
others we're missing from the four
craft. Some of the missing were
believed to be safe. The sinkings
raised to 6o8 the reported number
of United Nations and neutral ships
lost in the Western Atlantic since
Pearl Harbor.
1t was the first Wolfpack action re-
ported in Western Atlantic waters
and news of it, told here by sur
v1vors with Navy permission, lent
emphasis to warnings by high Gov
eminent officials that the subma-
rine menace remains great. Wolf
pack tactics long have been used in
North Atlantic convoy lanes.
First Official Admission.
Release of news of this heavy tor
pedo assault was the first public ac-
knowledgement by United States
naval authorities that convoys were
operating to South America, al
though BRO oRo;olz i.al
toned them.
The attack came at night, sur
Vlvors said at Miami. The first ship
hit burst into flames and a red glow
lighted the scene as other torpedoes
streaked through the water and
roared against thre other craft.
sinking them, The sea became
hlled with floating wreckage and
swimming men.
The counter action by escort ves-
sells and an Army bomber cannot be
described. The master on one sunk
en- vessel, Capt. Michael F. Barry,
SO, OF Brooklyn, asserted he would
like to see those men get medals for
their fine work"
Capt. Barry went down with his
ship but popped to the surface and
was picked up.
Signals Sub in Error.
One survivor saw a vessel moving
swiftly near where he hung on to
a bit of floating wood and signalled
1t with his f1ashlight Then he
realized he was signalling an at
tacking submarine that had sur
faced and was maneuvering to
launch another torpedo.
A crewman from another ship
William O'Connor of New York, told
how he chung to packing case for
IL hours awaiting rescue. Three
other men, one a youngster on his
first voyage, also supported them
selves on the case.
'T felt like giving up for a time.
but knew if let go and drowned
it would discourage that kid" said
O'Connor. Il hung on. He was as
bright and clipper as could be.
Nothing worried him"
"An Army bomber was overhead"
said Capt. Barry. @He few back and
forth. talking with sub-chaser by
radio, directing him from one man
to another. The sea was rough, and
the surface craft would never have.
found them all without the pilots
aid"
O'Connor took up the story:
"The bomber few over our packing
case many times. Finally the ship
turned and came directly to us.
"A sailor boosted me up, and when
/ got on board I found that this
Navy ship had almost $50 survivors
on her deck. The crew was fine to
us. They fed US. and gave up their
quarters to some of the merchant
seamen."
Evening star., 1943-01-29
New Evidence Reported
On GuodoIconoI Corooes

AKRON, Ohio, Jan. 40 (P.-The
Beacon Journal said today other
evidence" supporting a copyrighted
story, which quoted marines re-
turned from Guadalcanal as saying
merchant seamen refused to unload
ships at the island on Sunday, prob
ably would be submitted to the
House Naval AfIaires Subcommittee
investigating the report.
The Beacon Journal issued this
statement:
I'VE printed copyrighted story
passed by the once of Censorship
quoting six unnamed marines and
seanen as TO what they reported
had occurred at Quadalcanal.
THE Beacon Journal understands
that other evidence Is available on
the subject and no doubt viii be
brought before the House Naval
Affairs Subcommittee In due time"
Evening star., 1943-01-29

his engineering course at Tulane
University in 1888 to join the Quar-
termaster Corps. He later trans
ferred to the Air Forces and trained
at Ellington and Randolph Fields in
Texas.
According to his mother, Mrs.
Prank Clark, 1903 Rhode Island
avenue NE, Capt. Batten worked
here in the Treasury Department
from 1886 to 1888 after completing
a course in accounting at South
eastern University.
Capt. Batten is married, but has
no children.
Evening star., 1943-01-29
Boy, II, Admits Pushing
Another in Front OF Train

BY the Associated Press.
CRANSTON, R. l.. Jan. 29.-Po-
lice Sergt. John F. Ryan said last
night an 1l-year-old boy had ad-
mitted pushing Clinton Place, jr.,
II, into the path of railway loco
motive January IA and then robbing
the body Of a wrist watch, dollar
bill and a purse containing cents.
Sergt. Ryan said the tragedy fol-
lowed quarrel over the watch and
that later the boy wore the watch
TO school and told others how he
obtained it.
The boy will be arraigned in Ju-
venile Court.
Evening star., 1943-01-29
Heart Attack Kills Man
On Way to Rent Hearing

Stricken with a heart attack,
Charles Gibson, about 80. colored,
1901 Rosedale street NE, died today
in the Force School Building, 1740
Massachusetts, avenue NV, before
medical attention could reach him.
The school building is the head
quarters of the District Rent-Con
troll Commission and local ration
ing board.
Mr.. Gibson was on his way to at
tend hearing before the Rent Com
mission.
Evening star., 1943-01-29
Congress in Brief
Senate:


In recess until Monday.
Military Affairs Committee con-
siders 80 pending nominations to
regional Manpower Commission Of
fees.
Finance Committee studies bill to
extend national debt limit from
s12s,oo0OOO,o0O to $4,000, 100000.
House:
In recess until Monday.
Ways and Means Committee takes
up bill to raise debt limit to S2l0,-
000000,000.
Foreign Affairs Committee con-
s1ders extension of lease lend for
one year 10 July /, 1914.
Interstate and Foreign Commerce
Committee studies proposed merger
OF telegraph companies.
Evening star., 1943-01-29
Even Hoof Beuts Rotioned

TOPEKA, Kans. (P.-A Topeka
milk company switched to horse
drawn vehicles after tires for it's
trucks became scarce. Later 1t
substituted wooden wheels for rub
Der tires. Now the company can't
find horseshoes, and its stock is al
most gone
Evening star., 1943-01-29
Blind Delegate Seeks
Bon on FouIty Clocks

Ey H. Assoclated Press.
ANNAPOLIS, Jan. 29. - Delegate
Charles NJ. See, Republican, of Al
legany, introduced a bill in the
House of Delegates yesterday which
would make it a misdemeanor to
maintain for public use a clock
which is inaccurate or not posted
with a warning sign.
Delegate See is blind.
Evening star., 1943-01-29

commander of a
B-25 b ON b e r
squadron which
shared credit for
q hit scored on
an italian de-
stroyer in tn e
Mediterr anean
narrows, accord
ing to an Asso-
ciated Press dis
patch from Alliel
headquarters.
Capt, Baton,
O. basket b a | /
star at Tech and
Maryland, e t t
Evening star., 1943-01-29

leap year 29, but not every fourth
year is a leap year, which is a fur
ther complication. March has 81
days. April has 30. May has 81.
Who did this to US? It's like trying
to measure time with a rule that
has IL inches to an hour here, 13
inches to an hour farther along the
yardstick and one lap where there
are only IL inches to an hour with
an asterisk-(D so--indicating a
slight change from the normal as
suburban railroad timetables indi-
cate ("-Does not run on legal holi-
days. or (=-Stops only on signal.
Great Caesars ghost! The ref
erence is pointed because Caius
Julius Caesar had hand in patch
ing up our calendar. However, it
was for other reasons that Brutus
and his friends stabbed him. AS far
as the Roman calendar was con-
cerned, the Emperor and author of
de Bello Calico" realized that
something drastic had to be done
and he did a repair job that held
the thing together for about l6
centuries. Come to think of it, that's
a fair record for repair job, at that.
Skilled Worker Called.
1t wasn't any worry about the Ides
of March that caused Caesar to take
a look at the calendar. He had it
all repaired before the Ides OF March
had unfavorable mention in his un-
needing ear. The truth is that the
calendar was completely out of
whack when Caesar moved in and
took charge of all things Roman.
Little by little the seasons had
slipped their moorings and condi-
tions had become so scandalouS that
one day Caesar, shivering from cold
in a season that should have been
warm by the calendar, said angrily:
Whittier are we drifting? Is
there doctor in the house? Let's
have some professional advice
So they called in skilled worker
by the name Of Sosigenes, who held
union card in Local No. l of the
Amalgamated Order Of Pontifices,
Astronomers and Licensed CAL
culators
This calendar has broken down
completely" said c. j. Caesar, point
ing an imperial finger at the ac-
cused tablets. do a good repair
JOB and charge it to my account. :"
Sosigenes, under the aegis of
Gains 7 Caesar Imnerator tossed
the moon out as too variable fac
tor for calendar calculations and
used the sun as an anchor to wind
ward. Where the seasons were three
months aStray when he went to
work, he came up with the Julian
calendar that, for all practical pur-
poses, slipped backward only a total
Of 10 days in l6 centuries.
That was where Pope Gregory
XIII took hold, also with profess
sional advice, and made further re-
pairs The first thing to do was to
catch up, so October 4, 1882, by
papal decree, was followed by Oc-
tobcr Is, thus erasing the Today
lag, and the Gregorisn calendar
was launched on a career that ulti-
mstely carried it to most parts OF
the civilized world. With few very
minor repairs, it's the one We use
now.
Weight for Ages.
Only "snapper-up Of unconsid-
cred trifes" could quarrel with the
Evening star., 1943-01-29

lIlJO DeCJeT or
der for the fu-
ture, some sub
committee cer-
tainly should be
a p poi n t e d to
straighten out
t h e calendar.
The one we have
been % using for
centuries is a
timekeeping sys-
tenn of shreds
and patches.
Take a look.
January has 81
d a y s. February
has %, and in
Evening star., 1943-01-29
D. {. Flyer Aids Attack
On Italian DESTROYER

Capt. Earl E. Buster" Batten.
rs, former Tech High and Maryland
University athlete. who is now in
North Africa with the Army Air
E'Nrrnc Srl
Evening star., 1943-01-29
One Small Voice BY John Kieron
Tokine Quick Look at the coIendor

There is no point in being really
bitter about it, but, confound it,
when the war is over and the great
minds set about putting the world
Evening star., 1943-01-29
Weight for Ages.

Only "snapper-up Of unconsid-
cred trifes" could quarrel with the
Gregorian calendar as far as the
regulations concerning the length Of
the year and the succession Of the
seasons are concerned, but the
monthly divisions that still survive
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-03-21
Block Leaders
Wanted by 0CD

A drive for 10000 volunteer
block leaders 10 direct -the-p.al
services OF the new OCD Citizen,
.SGrl ice CarpS gel HndeF-'1aat
Monday As registration =CpHrpFS
are opened in IA branch Libraries
and eight settlement houses.
Men and women over is are
urged 10 register,
Volunteers can register al any
one Of the following places Mon.
day:
LIBRARIES Bowen Branch " Verro
and-AHr- Grand hIyd--Ri.izal-l &taH.A7-i2asss;
r Grand blvd Campbell Branch $50!
" Fort GuuVty Branch. $500 Martin
DUfieid Branch 2jO7 W Grand blvd
Fast Warren Branch lS335 Fast Warren
GRAY Branch llI7 Field. Lothrop Branch
1929 W Grand blvd Mark Twain Branch
$50 Grauoi = Mcnieith Branch lGo'
kercheval Outer Grstiot Branch 1870
Grelner, ParkmAn Branch. 1865 Oakmar
blvd l'feN Branch. S726 Woodward
Walker Branch 1920 Mack
SETTLEM BrEhtmoo- Commu0i"
Center. l4ll6 Westbrpok. Franklin SGT
Element 1850 CharlevoiK. Lutheran settle
lment; 1855 Trumhui. Neighhorhood House
II4l1 Fourth, 81 Peer ClRvsr CommuuitN
Center. $50 Eliot. ST. Rua's Community
House 135O9 MEcksy. Sophie Wight Set
Element. tlt1 Mitchell, Wsrrendale Com
munitl Center, l9OO7 West Warren.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-03-21

With The tnioos you need.
As a consumer, il IS your Oh 10 buy as wisely
as you car The things you really need.
The full power Of Sears vast buying orqo0Iza.
lions has gone into the task Of supplying yoJ.wjtH
merchandise you will need for the Spring season
ahead We have been tremendously successful
The rest IS up 10 you. Maze list Of your
immediate needs. Compare Sea-" merchandise
o0d prices with others.
Keep in mind, TOO, The 100 your rev purchases
have 10 do. Keep in mind that The better o.aitY
you buy the longer il will last. DURING t0is sale ard,
Tor that matter every day we honestly believe, at
Sears you will find better quality for less money in
addition TO savings
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-03-21
Arnold S Raise
Seen as Blow
To Macarthur
Full General Rank
for Air Chief Indicates
Europe First Policy

WASHIN GTON. March %
ClNS)-The about Allied aerial
offensive against Germany ap-
pearcd 10 take definite shape to-
day with tho elevation Of Ii. Gen.
II. II. Arnold. commanding general
OF the army air forces, To the rank
of full general.
informed sources said that Ar
.noldS promotion provided definite
assurance that the United Nations
have settled on Germany as
enemy No. !. despite inceSSant
pleas from Gen. Macarthur for
additional aircraft in the war
against Japan.
IL Is felt that Macarthur will
have 10 await Hitlcr'S "unCondi-
.tlonal surrender" or receive only
small shipments Of United States
aircraft until American production
is sharply increased from its
present rate OF $500 planes a
month.
Two Of MacArthur'S emiSSarics
1t. Gen. George c. Kenney, COM
manding general of Allied air
forces in the Southwest Pacific.
and Mai. Gen. Richard X. Suther-
land, MacArthur'S chief of staff.
are now in Washington on an
apparent mission 10 seek more
planes for the Pacific war theater.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-03-21

Eden married Miss Beatrice Beck
cit the daughter of SIR GervaSe
Beckett, a banker who happened
10 be the countess >on-in-law. He
spent his honeymoon campaigning.
He won easily.
Eden entered Parliament in tho
end Of 1923. HIS maiden speech
urged the government 10 consider
the. importance OF taking measures
10 protect Britain from ITS vulncr-
ability 10 attack 10y air.
But in his carly parliamentary
days Eden showed no prcoccupa-
tlon with foreign affairs II was
not lntl he became parliamentary
private secretary in 1926 10 the
then foreign secretary. SIT Austen
Chamberlain. that he became more
closely identified with affairs out
sd" The United Kingdom.
Stanley Baldwin handed him a
cabinet position nm 1884 Al %
Fdcn became Lord Prlvy Seal
The ocN' year hC undertook three
important louTuCN>.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-03-21
TALKED TO HITLER

lie went go Berlin and talked
-ie-fttti-t firtir-r-iri,7-rf MN, mr.
cause Eden listened we'll He
went 10 Rome and talked 10
MuSsoIni MuSSo.r did not like
him. because he made the mistake
of taking hun for a pcu> ncdghng
he went 10 Moscow and talked
10 Stain II was tins last meet
lnC which laid the foundation for
much more important meetings in
the DAYS 10 come.
Later IN thai year 1885,. Eden
fulfilled his oxford tutors prcdic-
ton At IS he became foreign
secretary lie held that post dur
ing q political period Of turmoil
almost w.thort equal lie took
office Tho midst of Tho Ah>,-
snIsn crisis and DO lcff Office IN
thc md, ol cW-l, over Europe
filter hroaehr Fdcn back into
public otto
With tho ourhrcak OF war.
Chamberlain took him INTO the
cabinet and made him secretary o'
STATE for dominion affair, ar Tho
same tln1C A. ~ gave office 90 am
other opponent ~ appca-cmrn'
WINSTON Churchill
in l9fo Eder became secretary
FOR war
That oflre could never have
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-03-21
GIFTS KEY POST AT 30

II was almost ineNitahlC that hG
>houid 90 INTO politics, ana abSo-
Iu'FiN inevitable that hc should
JOIN the Conservative Party. lie
could. NJ course. he expected IL
advance rapidly. although not quite
50 rapidly As he did by gaining the
kef post is foreign secretary in
1855 al the age Of IS.
The paradONlCal fact about
Eden IS that m the 10 years dur
ng which he has borne the main
hopes Of enlightened. progressive
British conservatism he has drawn
strong support p hapS even
stronger than from his own party
from the left
This was not only hrcauSr Eden.
IN rc>lgninC his post IN 1898 in
protest against the appcaSement
policy OF the Chamberlain govern
ment opposed the official party
line OF the Conservatives. II was
more because the IlbCral-minded
youth of the nation thought they
aatee+ed -tff--tftfrf aLtratftttonat
Tory their own voice.
of course. II IS not chtretv by
accident that Eden speaks for The
Younger generation of EngllShmen.
lt IS not so much because Of his
own youth, because the words
the Youngest -. have appeared
before almost every step in his
0aTpCT
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-03-21
Kiska Hit 10 Times
In 20Days
Navy Fighters Strsfe
Jap Base at Munda

ASHTN GTON. March %
tTNSl-The navy announced to-
DAY that the l. 6. Army heavy
and medium bomberS blasted Jap
aneSe positions al Kiska IN Two
more raids while Wildcat fighters
in the South Pacific strafed Japa-
neSe installations on Munda in the
Central SolomonS.
Results OF the Alcutian raid
were not reported. II brought 10
19 the total aerial assaults Al
kiska this month. The attack on
Munda was The a6th since Nov. 20
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-03-21
Photo nv International News Photo

been harder than it was then. II
fell 10 Eden TO tide over Dunkirk.
Churchill returned Eden 10 the
foreign office a the end Of 1910.
Since then Eden. overcoming at
last the irkSomc legend Of his good
looks and his perfect clothes. has
gained himself more international
stature.
Through his discussions in Wash
lngton he may be responsible for
more complete and lasting under
standing between Britain and the
United States.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-03-21
Fhefe7s =a=Reason for
This SdZe1 Now!

~ . rerchondiser, our JOB is 10 supply you