davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-04-19

the beaverlike Japanese are reported
to be using the rock chopped up by
our bombs for their filling operations.
Progress on the Kiska field is so far
along that it may be ready for use
by Easter.
It the japanese succeed in estab-
fishing those airfields, the conse-
quences will be serious. It will pro-
vide them with a series Of stepping
stones for fighter planes all the way
from Toxic to within range of Alaska.
The hop from the japanese base at
Paramushiru, at the northern tip
Of the Kurile island chain, to Kiska
is only 300 miles, while it is less than
900 miles from Kiska to our main
Alaskan base at Dutch Harbor. Nat
urally. our intermediate bases in the
Aleutians would be subject to easy air
attack. Likewise, raids could be
launched against our shipping in
North Pacific waters. Finally, it is
conceivable that long-range Japanese
bombers could visit American and
Canadian Pacific Coast cities like Sc
attic, Portland and Vancouver.
Such grave possibilities obviously
alter the strategic significance of
Kiska and Attu to a notable degree.
So long as those islands were merely
bases for Japanese light warships,
their offensive role was a minor one
and their retention by Japan could
be tolerated But, as air bases, they
offer problem similar to Guadal-
canal. and logic would seem to indi-
cate parallel treatment Experience
has shown that the japanese garri-
sons there cannot be isolated and
starved out as at Guadalcanal and
New Guinea, because the fog
shrouded North Pacific offers too
many chances for Japanese conveys
to elude the vigilance of our planes.
The proof of this is that, during re-
cent months, the japanese garrisons
on both islands have been strength
ened and elaborate equipment landed
for building airfields. If those fields
are to be put out of business, it looks
as though it must be done. as at
Guadalcanal, by an expeditionary
force capturing the island them
selves. Perhaps current bombings
by our air force is the initial soften
ing process preceding such an at
tempt.
Evening star., 1943-04-19
A Verse-AtiIe Machine

Relentlessly the march of mechan-
lzation progresses. A simple labor
saving device of the past was Let
George do it," now we say, "let a
machine do it; George is too busy
with the war" Amazingly enough,
some one invents a machine to do it.
no matter how impossible it seemed.
Rugged individualists wonder if there
is any limit. Hitherto, ragged indi-
vidualists, as represented by minor
poets trying to turn rhymes into
dimes, have felt that there was a
limit; surely no machine could take
the place of a poet.
They may be in for a rude jolt. A
machine has been built for just that
purpose-built a century ago in
England. According to Ripley, it
contains eighty-six wheels, cylinders,
cranks, springs and pulleys. It offers
no immediate competition to the
struggling poet of today, as it was
designed to produce only Latin hexa-
meters. and has been gathering dust
for a hundred years. Yet presum-
ably it is only question of time until
it is modernized, its Latin insides
replaced by English words, so that it
may be able to rhyme June with
noon, spoon, Groom and tune, and go
into quantity production. It will
indeed be sad day for the amateur
poet when every newspaper and
magazine owns one of these devices.
When the editor needs eight lines OF
poetry to fill up hole on the bot
tom Of page sixteen, why bother with
outside talent when he can have the
office boy turn crank and get his
rhyme direct from this verse-atile
machine?
Evening star., 1943-04-19
Another GuudulconoI?

Inc Stepplng-up OF American air
raids on the japanese footholds in
the outer Aleutians during the past
fortnight has reached a pitch of in
tensity which may portend decisive
moves in that remote theater of
action. Judging by the known facts,
there would seem to be an interesting
parable! between the current situa-
zion there and that at Guadalcanal
last summer just prior to the surprise
descent of our Marines on August 7.
What precipitated our attack on
Guadalcanal was the knowledge by
our Navy high command in the South
Pacific that the japanese had almost
completed landing field which, if
left undisturbed, would permit Japa-
nese air raids on our island bases
farther south that guarded the sea-
borne supply route from the United
States and Hawaii to Australia.
That threat was considered imminent
and grave enough to require the
sending of an expeditionary force
to capture the airfield even though it
involved taking considerable risks
and the probability of grave losses
which we actually suffered.
Now, on the basis of official COM
muniques and press dispatches re-
leased by the Navy censorship, a
similar situation exists in the Japa-
nese-held outer Aleutians. For some
time past, our air reconnaissance has
reported the construction OF an air.
field for fighter planes on the Island
Of Kiska and another field for bomb
ers on the neighboring Island of Attu.
Those fields have been industriously
bombed by our airmsn, but both are
being built on hard rock terrain that
minimizes bomb damage. Indeed,
Evening star., 1943-04-19
MONDAY
Rooming House Regulations

The Commissioners renewed ef-
forts to secure compliance with fire
and other safety regulations in
boarding. rooming and lodging
houses seem headed now for rather
dramatic series of court cases and
diligent prosecution of some of the
proprietors.
If this is the considered approach
to rather involved problem, we'll
and good. The ultimate objective
for which the Commissioners should
be striving, however, is a simple,
workable system of inspection that
will assure to tenants all the protec-
ton that can be given against fire
and other accident by enforcement
of effective regulations. Regula-
tions which might be found unen-
forceable, which would require unob-
tainable fire escapes, for instance,
leaving the operator facing the arbi-
trary alternatives of continuing to
operate in unwilling viola4ion of the
law or closing up shop and going out
of business, are not reasonable.
The Commissioners are dealing
with problem that results from in
efficiency and neglect in the past as
much as from the recalcitrant atti-
tude OF rooming house operators. 1t
was the custom for years to receive
a deposit from prospective licensee
which permitted him to operate un-
til an inspection had been made Of
the premises. Sometimes year
would elapse before the inspection
was completed. Sometimes it was
never made. An inadequate force of
inspectors never was quite able to
catch up with the accumulated busi-
ness, and when the war came along
and the rooming house business
doomed they were left hopelessly
behind.
The old practice of accepting a
deposit now has been abandoned, and
applicants for licenses must pass in
spection before one is granted The
District. probably for the first time
in many years, is in the position Of
knowing pretty well the number and
locations Of operators violating the
law by operating without licenses.
These operators have received for
NAL notification of their offense.
This week police and firemen,
coached by an assistant corporation
counsel, are going out to get the evil
dence In preparation for prosecution
OF the violators. This is sound, as
far as it goes, and effective if it
means future compliance with the
regulations. But If the process is
merely an attempt to pass the re-
sponsibility of safe rooming houses
on to the courts, it leaves much to
be desired.
Evening star., 1943-04-19
Brazilian Expedition

Chandler Diehl of the Associated
Press, writing to The Star from Rio
de Janeiro, reports that throughout
Brazil there is an ever-vocal demand
for all-out participation in the war"
Such an attitude at first glance
might seem merely an indication of
a natural interest in the defeat of
the Axis. All the peoples of the
Western Hemisphere gradually over
the past ten or twelve years have
learned that the aggressor powers
are a threat to freedom everywhere.
They know that If Germany, Italy
and Japan were to triumph over the
democratic nations, liberty would be
destroyed not only In Europe and the
Orient, but also in the whole of South
America.
The growing desire of the Brazilian
public for the creation of real ex-
peditionary force" to fight overseas,
however. is something more than
gesture Of sympathy for the Allies
and likewise something more than
anxiety for the safety and integrity
of Brazil itself. 1t is quite as truly
q tribute to the leadership of Presi-
dent Getulio Vargas, the brave
and energetic patriot administrator
whose 60th birthday anniversary is
being celebrated today. His pledge
of January ~, 1941, it now is ap-
parent, was not an empty compli-
ment. He meant what he said when
he declared on that date: Brazil
stands completely solid with the
United States in all matters of con-
tinental solidarity and hemisphere
defense. II the United States finds
1t necessary to enter actual warfare,
the United States can be assured of
the complete cooperation Of Brazil
and all assistance within Brazilian
power"
OF course, the sending of an army
to Europe would constitute a tre-
mendous problem for President
Vargas and his advisers. National
purposes would not be promoted to
any very important extent by the
dispatch Of only a token expedition.
What is being considered is the
training and transportation to the
battle front Of force large and
strong enough to prove Braxil's right
70 consideration as q country Of the
Evening star., 1943-04-19
Job Freeze Order

IL IO UetCeI purpose Is served, JQe
jop-freezing order which has been
issued by Manpower Commissioner
McNutt should put an end to the
pretense that work controls are being
or can be maintained on voluntary
basis.
Prior to the issuance of this latest
order the administration had relied
upon such devices as the work or
fight" order and implied promises of
draft immunity for men engaged in
certain occupations. Furthermore,
1t was contended that these were
voluntary" measures, despite the
obvious element of compulsion upon
which they rested. But this conten-
tion cannot be advanced with respect
to the job-freezing order, for it
threatens violators with Jail SEN
tences and heavy fines. This is COM
pulsion, pure and simple.
To direct attention to these points
is not to question the need for some
action to present or minimize labor
turnover, especially in the essential
industries. The recent executive
order forbidding the granting of pay
increases to adjust Inequalities" was
certain to encourage a movement of
workers to better paying jobs. This,
added to the already high rate of
turnover in key industries, might
well have had disastrous effects on
our war production, and there can
be no doubt that it was imperatively
necessary to find some means of pre-
venting essential workers from
changing jobs. But, granting this,
why has the administration resorted
to a method which rests on very
dubious legal authority, which deals
with only part of the whole prob
lem, and which discriminates fla
grantly among various classes of
workers?
The answer, no doubt, is to be
found in the reluctance of the Presi-
dent to support national service
act along the lines of the Austin
Wadsworth bill. But, curiously
enough, the stated reason for this
attitude has been that the admins
tration was opposed to legislation
providing for the use, if necessary,
OF compulsory methods in dealing
with the manpower problem. In
stead it insisted upon handling the
problem with voluntary" methods.
But now, overnight, it falls back on
naked compulsion, and this without
benefit of any specific sanction by
Congress. To say the least, it is
difficult to follow the reasoning
which holds this to be a more de-
sirable and more democratic method
of controlling the country's working
force.
In commenting on Mr. McNutt's
order, Senator Austin of Vermont,
co-sponsor of the National Service
Act, said that the people are going
to get very tired" OF these indirect
pressures, and that they would
prefer candid, open declaration of
their war liability, made through
their representatives in Congress and
applying to ALL"
There is every reason to believe
that this is the correct view, and it is
to be hoped that the administration
will come around to it. When Mr..
McNutt was asked whether his order
did not run counter to the traditional
American right of self improvement,
he answered by saying that I'VE have
a war to win" And it is precisely
because we have war to win that
we ought to desist from stopgap
treatment of the manpower problem,
and deal with it on the comprehen-
sive and equitable basis that is pro-
vided in the pending national serv-
ice bill.
Evening star., 1943-04-19
Suggests Campaign of Education
To Correct Litter of Streets.

To Correct Litter of Streets.
To the Editor of The Star:
Spring is here, with promise of flowers,
green grass and outdoor life. To me
nothing is prettier than clean yards,
flower beds and grassy spaces between
and around our homes. I raised five
children and always taught them to
admire beauty and help maintain clean
and beautiful yards, our own and our
neighbors.
Since coming to Washington I've been
deeply distressed to find most of the
school children going to and fro daily
apparently unconscious of the beauty
around them and certainly guilty. of
constantly marring that same beauty
by throwing all scrap paper on the side
walks and even into the yards along
their way. Every day, morning and
afternoon, I find it necessary to go out
and pick up after them or have my yard
Uttered with trash. Couldn't they be
taught, in the home and at school, to
respect our natural beauty enough to
drop their trash into the numerous
containers placed about for just that
purpose?
I truly believe most OF the children
are merely thoughtless and would re-
Spond to constant reminders at home
and at school anent pride in beautiful
yards, clean streets and sidewalks, etc.
Do get an echo?
A LOVER OF BEAUTY.
Evening star., 1943-04-19

American males born prior to 1900
sometimes find life tedious In num-
Der OF ways. They have lived during
two terrible wars, but can console
themselves with the thought that
they also lived through two magnifi-
cent short-skirt periods.
Evening star., 1943-04-19
Wartime Tendencies
From the New York Sun:

TioH the new YORK sun:
In February contracts were awarded in
the United States for SIS, 900 square yards
OF concrete paving for streets, and for
o,644.000 square yards for airports. Com
pared with the awards for the same
month Of last year, this was decline Of
" per cent for street paving and rise Of
300 PEI cent Tor airpofts.
Evening star., 1943-04-19

planning as to the future structure of
the world, but that we and our leaders
should use that eternal vigilance that
is the price of liberty in seeing that the
balance of power-not OF Europe only,
but of the world-be maintained to the
end that the independence and liberty
OF all nations be preserved.
A. D. KENYON.
Evening star., 1943-04-19

O. Are there more morning or eve
ming daily newspapers in the United
States at the present time?-W. r. F.
A. There are only 345 dailies in the
morning, as compared with LAP in the
evening.
@. When did the first Tarzan story
appear?-H. P. P.
A. Edgar Rice Burroughs wrote his
first Tarzan story in 1912 and his first
book appeared two years later. He has
sold Is ,0000 900 copies of the Tarzan books
in 56 languages. The author keeps a
staff of secretaries busy and has incor-
porated himself.
@. When did the public debt reach
its highest and lowest points after the
first World War?-E. L. H.
A. The Treasury Department says
that the peak of the postwar debt was
on August 81, 1919, when it amounted
to s26,596. 701 ,64801. The postwar debt
was s16026, ,087 08707 on December 81,
1880.
@. Are silkworms allowed to develop
into moths?-L. w.
A. Chrysalises are not allowed to
emerge from the silk cocoon but are
suffocated before their wings are ready
for them to fly. Otherwise the fllament
of silk would be broken.
Q. What is the story about the metal
eating cockroaches in the Virgin Islands?
k. N. N.
A. 1t is found in some old correspond
ence of a Danish official in the islands
with his home government. He reported
that several brass cannon which were
missing had been devoured by cock
reaches, whereupon request came that
some specimens of these remarkable
insects be sent to Copenhagen The
canny official replied that he could not
possibly risk sending across the seas in
wooden ship cockroaches which in
cluded brass cannon in their diet.
@. Where is Lake Union?-M J.
A. This is a fresh water lake in the
city of Seattle, Wash. that is connected
by ship canal with Puget Sound 1t
is curious fact that when ships enter
the lake, barnacles fall off their hulls,
since contact with fresh water kills
them. Thus no scraping or drydocking
is necessary.
@. Who said, "All the world is queer
save thee and me, and even thou art a
little queer"?-J. K E.
A. 1t has been attributed to many
sources, but one version is that it is a
quotation from Robert Owen Q771-1S58,
on severing business relations with his
partner William Allen, In 1923.
G. How many crosses are there on
the British flags. G. L.
A. The Union Jack is made up Of
three crosses: St. Georges cross for
England, red Roman cross on white
background; st. Andrews cross for
Scotland, white Greek cross on a blue
background, and st. Patrick's cross for
Ireland, red Greek cross on white
background.
Evening star., 1943-04-19

A rural Jail has recently been
quarantined for measles. Special
attention Is being given to see that
the prisoners do not break out,
Evening star., 1943-04-19
Letters to the Editor

Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address of
the Uriter, although the use of
q paeudonynl for publication is
permissible. The Star reserves
the right to edit all letters 1Uith
a Die1D to condensation.
Evening star., 1943-04-19
Huskin's Answers
To Questions
By Frederic J. Hdskin.

A reader can get the ans,Der to any
question OF fact by ,Drittng The Epe-
ming Star Information Bureau, Fred.
eric J. Hdskin, director, Washington,
D. c. Please inclose stamp for return
postage.
@. How many persons ride on Wash
ingtons streetcars every day?-J. F.
A. 1t is estimated that $4,000 persons
ride the streetcars Of Washington every
day.
@. Please explain why a baseball bat
cracks If hit on the trade mark.-C. G. r.
A. This is due to the grain of the
wood. The grain runs across in layers.
The sides of the bat on which the edges
of the grain appear are naturally the
strongest. The trade mark, however, al
ways appears on the width Of the grain
which stands the least amount OF
impact.
@. How many battleships are there in
the WORLDS. T. r.
A. According to the National Council
of American Shipbuilders there are
about go owned by all nations Modern
battleships are about two blocks long.
@. Please give few of BENJAMIN
Franklins sayings about debt.-M. C. M.
A. He that goes aborrowing goes asor-
rowing. The second vice is lying, the
first is running into debt Rather 60
to bed supperless than rise in debt.
Evening star., 1943-04-19

Uncle Sans Manual Contains
brief descriptions of the Executive,
Legislative and Judicial branches of
the Federal Government. Lists SAL
aries of principal Government Off
cials. Includes members of the Sew
enty-eighth Congress and Governors
of States and Territories. A wealth
of facts of historical and current in
terest are also given in this concise
little publication. To secure your copy
inclose 10 cents in coin wrapped in
this clipping and mail to The Star
Information Bureau.
Address
Evening star., 1943-04-19

@. Are there more morning or eve
ming daily newspapers in the United
States at the present time?-W. R. F.
A. There are only 345 dailies in the
morning, as compared with LAP in the
evening.
Dickenson County herald. [volume] (Clintwood, Va.) 1939-195?, 1943-12-02

Pennsylvania Rubber Company
The Phuris Tire and Rubber CompGRy
The Poison Rubber Company
The Riehland Rubber Company
Ssurs, Rosbvek and Co.
Soldering Rubber Company
The United Tire & Rubber Company
United Siatss Rubber Company
Dickenson County herald. [volume] (Clintwood, Va.) 1939-195?, 1943-12-02

Brunswick Tire Company
The Century Tire & Rubber Company
The Cooper Corp.
Corduroy Rubber Company
CvppIes Company
The Dayton Rubber Manufacturing Company
Dsnman Tire end Rubber Company
Diamond Rubber Company
Dickenson County herald. [volume] (Clintwood, Va.) 1939-195?, 1943-12-02
10 ARv NzzZgAzIzH
q

With conditions they are, and synthetic rubber in
its present stage of development tire warranty has
become and has been adopted 1t applies to all
tires Under its TERMS injuries such bruises body breaks
cuts snags, and heat failures well tread wear are not
subject to adjustment consideration
Nor are injuries failures which result from improper
tire care or misuse or abuse This includes failure re-
suit of overload speed improper nfaton or other
nondefectve conditions Or when tires used rims
not conforming to Tire and Rim Association Standards
Don't forget that everyone the Tire Industry the
Rubber Director and many Others working together
with all their energy they have worked from the be-
ginning, to keep America rolling.
And remember fhafs while the Jops were wrong
...yoy help keep them wrong! Take core Of fhs
fires you now haveg
Dickenson County herald. [volume] (Clintwood, Va.) 1939-195?, 1943-12-02

Dunlop Tire & Rubber Cooperation
The FuIls Rubber Company
Federal Tires
The Firesions Tire & Rubber Company
Fisk Tires
The General Tire & Rubber Company
The Gioni Tire & Rubber Co.
Gillette Tires
Dickenson County herald. [volume] (Clintwood, Va.) 1939-195?, 1943-12-02
meet our essential needs!


The American people saw the new synthetic rubber
plants spring up like mushrooms They heard of argescae
production Of synthetic rubber And they appauded I'm
fortunately, they also Jumped to the conclusion that they
could stop aoorrysng about tires!
tits true that the RUBBER supply crisis is past.
But the long expected TIRE shortage is with us!
"But," you may say, show this be when thou
sands Of tons of Government synthetic rubber being
made when such tremendous tonnage Of rubber prod
ucts being turned out we'll apane and truck
tires than ever before"
Onereason is that-as the Baruch Committee fore
saw-ew tires could be manufactured until synthetic
rubber supply well the way. This resulted in mil
lions of tires going out of at time when there
replacements Meanwhile tires left in service have less
mileage in them, and prewar inventories are gone.
Another reason is that our military needs are far
greater than anyone anticipated
Also, the rubber companies using lot of
their machinery and manpower to turn out life
RATS, bullet-sealine fuel tanks, and hundreds of
other urgently needed army and navy products,
In addition to tires.
And you should know that half of todays require
ments for argesize heavyduty bus. truck, artillery
aplane and combat tires requiring much labor and
materials than peacetime products.
Finally, the tire industry like every industry today,
feeling the manpower shortage and there just aren't
enough hands for the job.
%~ y mM @he/
These problems will be overcome when our enemies
are overcome Meanwhile want to put our cards face
up on the table.
We've told you frankly Why there is a serious tire
shortage Now we want you. and every other American
who owns set of tires know that this country trans
portation system still suffer serious blow unless
Dickenson County herald. [volume] (Clintwood, Va.) 1939-195?, 1943-12-02

The Jups were wrong.
Cutting off our rubber supply in the Pacific didn't
take us out of the war-o slow us up.
For Government the Rubber Director, the rubber in
dustry, and the petroleum, chemical and alcohol indus
tries pooled their patents and IDEAS worked together and
accomplished the seemingly impossible.
Today, there is no shadow of doubt that planes
will continue to fly, ships to sail, tanks to roll
For America now has nearly enough rubber to