davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-28

untary prisoner in the Vatican. owing to
the differences between the church and
the Italian state, and there was no radio
then The Lateran treaty ended the in
tramural isolation of the Popes and Plus
XII has been able to broadcast his views
to the world.
Virtually every important nation OF
the world is represented at the Papal
court except Soviet Russia. But the
diplomats accredited to the Holy See
must maintain absolute correctness un-
der the close scrutiny of Vatican authors
ties to make sure that its strict neu-
tralitv is Scrupuously observed. So re-
stricted are the 100 acres of Papal ter
ritorv within the City Of Rome. tire
diplomats say, that undercover dickering,
directly or through third parties, would
be extremely difficult.
AS far back as the most remote an
tiquity. the Pontifcal Yearbook says, the
Roman pontiff has been represented in
councils or in other important negotia-
tons by legates or nuncios. So-called
permanent nuncios have been assigned to
Kingdoms, republics and principalties
since the 10Th century. The equivalent
of ambassadors and ministers, they al
ways are invested with the title OF arch
bishop. remain in Office for relatively
short period and are always deans of the
diplomatic corps in the capitals to which
they are accredited
Cicognani Fills Post Here.
In countries with which the Vatican
lacks formal diplomatic relations, mostly
those in which Catholics are a minority
of the population, as in the United
States, the papal representative is called
an apostolic delegate Filling the post
In Washington is Msgr. Amleto Giovanni
Cicognani
The nuncios and apostolic delegates
are chosen among Italian prelates. spe-
cially trained in the secretary of states
offices in the Vatican, but they have
Vatican citizenship and passports when
they are sent abroad. Because of its
contacts with the clergy and. through
them, with the faithful Of every nation,
the Vaticans diplomatic service has been
called the best informed in the world.
At Vatican City now are IL ambassa.
doris OF other powers, Is ministers. in.
Guiding representative of the Order of
Malta, and two special ENJOYS with diplo-
matte rank: Harold H. Tittman, assist.
ant to Myron C. Taylor, who is President
Roosevelts personal representative, and
Ken Harada, special Japanese delegate
with the rank of ambassador
Mr.. Taylor was named to the Vatican
in December, 1889, in recognition of the
| Popes efforts to relieve distress in the
war. He is now in the United States.
After Japan attacked Pearl Harbor.
Toxic decided it would be good policy to
have an envoy to the papal state and
sent Mr.. Harada former diplomat
at Geneva, who arrived In Rome Nav 9.
1912. China thereupon sent a minister.
Cheou Kang Sic, who reached his post
last January Is.
Another new envoy is a Minister sent
by Finland.
Within the walls of Vatican City live
the diplomats of 10 countries at war
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-28
Russian Success Against Nazis
Result of Careful Planning
Stain, Convinced He Must Fight Alone Made
Excellent Preparation for Blow
Which Came
BY t. 0nSfantine BrOun,

The story of why Russia was able to
turn the tables on the Germans has been
revealed by sources which have been in
close touch with Moscow since before the
outbreak of the war. These sources must
remain anonymous, but their story is
regarded as authentic.
When the Nazis struck at the Soviet
on June 81. l941, there were few if any
military experts in Washington and
London who gave the Russians more
than an outside chance of weathering
the enemy storm
Those few who maintained that the
Germans could not defeat the Rus
slams were moved by emotional rather
than military considerations. Then
when the Nazis resumed their offensive
in 1912 s'e general opinion prevailing
In most competent quarters was that
they were bound to do it" this time
Lease-Lend Was Factor
1t Is true that American lease lend
goods were arriving IN greater quanti-
ties in Russia But the Soviets had lost
so much Of their rich industrial areas
and the communications system was so
faulty that some of our ablest military
strategists believed that the Germans,
after storSy~g Stalingrad, would push
on to the Caspian Sea and the Caucasian
Mountains. thus depriving the Russian
armies OF at least 10 per cent of their
oil supplies and the bulk of their re-
f1neries.
The Russian armies, it was believed
here, unquestionably would continue to
exist as important units, but they prob
ably would have to reform somewhere
in the Urals and would be out of action
for some time
Nothing of the sort happened Not
only did the Russians survive as an active
force. but they have come back with a
spectacular victory which has changed
the entire face Of the war, Yet, the
supplies sent across the oceans did not
reach the Russians in such quantity as
to permit them to perform the miracle
Of l942-1943
Excellent Preparedness.
The story that factories from Nazi-
occupied areas were moved in trucks to
the rear is interesting, if not wholly &C
curate. The truth, according to reliable
information here, does not involve any
thing extraordinary or superhuman. 1t
is merely matter of shreWd foresight
and excellent preparedness.
Premier Joseph Stain had been re-
organizing his armies and the defenses
of Russia for at least Is years. He
realized that sooner or later the Rus
sian territory would become a battle
field and when he began the grand-scale
organization of Russia defenses he could
not foresee whether his country would
have any friends at all. And so he pro-
ceeded on the assumption that some day
Russia would have to fight one or sew
eral enemies with no support from any,
where.
Factories were built not only in the
recognized industrial area of Russia
where large quantities of raw materials
were already under exploitation. but also
far back behind the Volga. When an
American engineer, who was hired at a
high price to build these factories, point
ed to the fallacy of placing them in re-
gions sparsely populated and with only
reduced means of communication, he
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-28
Matching of Peace Proposal
At Vatican Is Held Unlikely
Cano Viewed as Having Less Chance to Breach
Subject There Than Would ENJOYS
in Bern or Ankara
By Richard K. MaSsock.
By Richard K. MnSsock,

(Ed,tor's note Mr.. Mdssock uds
chief OF the Associated Press bureau
in Rome from 1888 until the United
States entered the 7Udr and. he 1UaS
informed. Returned to his country in
the diplomatic exchange, he is nolO
assigned to the Washington bureau
Here he acrites OF the Vaticdn,s DOS
S1ble role in peace negotiations and
summarizes the changes Which iCar
has brought to the Holy See)
Those looking for dovecote of nego-
tiated peace in some neutral capital of
the world had better count out Vatican
City, say competent observers here It Is
the least likely spot for the matching OF
diplomatic deal.
That goes for either side in the war,
the diplomats say. and Italy's new AM
bassador to the Holy See, Count Galeazzo
Clano, has no more chance of talking
with the ENJOYS of the United Nations
there than Premier Mussolinis plenipo-
tentlaries have in Bern or Ankara He
probably would have an even harder
time, if he tried.
Not that the Vatican is opposed to
peace at any time. On the contrary,
Pope Plus XII has expressed fervent
desire for it. He has urged upon the
world a program of social, economic and
political justice, based on international
cooperation and Christian principles.
Popes Action Limited.
But that is the extent to which the
Pope may go-the making known Of
principles Of justice and earthquakes
his mediation is sought by both sides.
The fact that plea would have to come
from both sides was emphasized by a
Catholic official closely associated with
Vatican affairs
Not only is that the Vatican policy,
but the Lateran treaty. signed in 1929 by
Mussolini and the late Cardinal Gas
parr1, papal secretary of state, expressly
defines it, The treaty pledges the Pope
to perpetual neutrality in political dis
putes between governments and to alb
stentlon from international congresses
called to cope with them, unless his
mediation Is requested by both parties.
With that in mind, some observers say
VIC opC WOuiO WclCOIue all lIVlCdClOn
to mediate, particularly since he once
headed Vatican diplomacy when, as Eu-
gene Cardinal Paceli, he was secretary
OF state. But the Casablanca confer
ence requirement of unconditional sur
render is recognized by the Vatican as
precluding such request
Presumably the Vatican would like to
be represented at the eventual peace
conference, there to advance the papal
views, already outlined in a series of
Christmas eve broadcasts That as
sumption is based on the fact that Bene-
dict XIV sent representative to the
Versailles conference after the First
World War. He was excluded from the
negotiations, however, and remained
only as an unofficial observer, without
influence on the settlement.
Appeals of Benedict XIV Muted.
Times have changed greatly since 1919
and an authoritative Catholic has ex-
pressed a hope that more attention
would be paid to the voice of Plus XII.
He pointed out that the appeals of Bene-
dict XIV were muted because he uas VOL
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-28

violators threatened with 5000 fine or
six years imprisonment or both. Ameri-
cans also were directed to observe ono
Wheatless meal a day through the re-
mainder of the week.
The wheat order was due to failure Of
the spring wheat crop of 1917 This.
along with the coolest weather in a gen.
GRAFTON during the winter of 'l7-'18.
brought wheat and coal deficit so
staggering that stern Government meas
ures were considered necessary.
On Wednesdays, also, no baker baked
or sold bread containing wheat flour
and during the rest of the week sold
only a loaf known as victory bread'
which contained 20 per cent substitu.
ton for wheat
Food Administrator Herbert Hoover
estimated that these measures saved Is
million bushels of critically needed
wheat per month.
Fuel Famine Worse.
The fuel famine was even worse In
November, 1917, the Nation was short So
100000 tons of coal. When transporter
ton tie-ups made the situation even
more acute, heatless Mondays were in
augurated in January, 1918 for the rest
OF the winter, for business and profess
sional establishments, with some excep-
tons.
And sugar? Well it was rationed at 3
pounds per person per month
In those daVS Mrs Heprietto Colvi,,
specialist in home economics for the Bu-
reau of Education. suggested that per
feet wartime meal might consist of bread
and butter, milk and little fruit
These foods contained, she said, AL
the elements for growth, heat, work
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-28

Miss Stella Stewart, chief of the His
torlcal Studies of Wartime Problems
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1943-01-11
V. F. W. TO Meet
On Wednesday

Ray c. Roberts auxiliary, VFW,
will meet at Ray c. Roberts hall,
Sixth and Anderson. Wednesday
evening at s o'clock, following 7:30
color drill. The charter will be
draped in memory of Mrs. Francis
Flllam, national council member.
At a recent meeting the decis-
ion was reached to make the an
nual auxiliary party combined
birthday and valentine party with
members Of the post and their
wives and members of the aux
Hilary and their husbands as
guests.
Recent activities of the group
included a sewing club meeting
at the home of Mrs. L. w. Craig.
The occasion was Christmas
party. At another recent meeting
Mrs. Clara Nelson and Mrs. Bertha
Ann McGinnis were welcomed into
/ the group.
Christmas activities included the
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1943-01-11
Mrs. PetriCh
ToEntertain
Speakers Topic Welfare
For Woman's Club

Two speakers, Miss Patricia
Kane of the Seattle Catholic
Charities Bureau and Miss
Viola Sturman of the Cath
Ollie Welfare Bureau in Ia
coma, will address the Tacoma
Catholic Woman club on
Wednesday afternoon at the
home of Mrs. Martin A. Pet
rich, 9 Rosemont way.
The business meeting will open
at 2 o'clock with the presentation
of speakers following. Their
topic will be "Welfare."
Mrs. Harry Harrigan is chair
man for the tea hour and will be
assisted by Mrs. James Healy,
Mrs. Mark Dolliver, Mrs. P. E.
Ashe, Mrs. ]. ]. Mclaughlin and
Mrs. George Delaney.
Mrs. Emil Krisman, president,
has called board meeting for l
o'clock.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1943-01-11
Circles Schedule Is
Announced for Week

The Circles of the Sixth Ave.
Baptist church are meeting this
week as follows:
The Sarah l.. Cook circle will
meet at the home of Mrs. Ray b.
Smith, 624 No. Junett ST. on
Thursday for a IL o'clock lunch
con. She will be assisted by Mrs.
Nora Duncan.
The Mary ID. Perry circle will
meet at the home of Mrs. Robert
Mason. GIT So. Steele st. on Thurs
day for a 1890 luncheon. She will
be assisted by Mrs. Peter Bent
son.
The Erma A. Turner circle will
meet at the home of Mrs. ]. II
Leggett, 217 No. X St, for a 1890
luncheon on Thursday. Jan. Ia.
The Minnie NJ. Pettibone circle
will meet at the home of Mrs
Fred Soper. 613 So. Trafton St. at
2 o'clock on Thursday. Jan. IA,
Mrs. F. n. Petit will be the assist
ant hostess.
The Junior circle will meet at
the home of Mrs. Ronald Whitley,
30lS So. 18th St, for l O'Clock
salad luncheon on Wednesday
Jan. 18th.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1943-01-11
N avy Mothers
Will Celebrate

Navy Mothers club will meet
Friday evening at s o'clock in the
Labor temple, So. 18th and Mar
ket SITS. January birthdays OF
navy men will be celebrated
Those to be honored are George
Richards, Jean Doughty, Larry
Freeman, Frederick Filing, Mar
win Snyder. Charles Levee, Carl
Carney, Howard Haddon, Ray A.
Strickland, X. Emory, Mcdonald,
Ernest Pelletier and Edwin Webb
The mothers acting as hostesses
will be Mesdames Inez Richards
Clinton Doughty, David Freeman,
c. E. Filing, Charles p. Levee
Bessie Strickland. X. f. Mcdonald,
Fremont Snyder c. c. Carney
George addon, Bryant Bennett ano
George Webb.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1943-01-11
Know Your Army
To Be Club Topic

Mrs. w. Firth will speak to
members of the Y-Ed club at their
meeting Tuesday evening at the
Y. w. c. A. Her topic will be
know Your Army" The program
will also include songs by Miss
Ruth Johnson.
The annual membership drive
opened last Tuesday with three
teams competing. The captains
for these teams are: red, Miss
Ruth Whitner and Miss Helen
Braun assistant. white, Miss Mar
garet Koenig and Miss Barbara
Lawrence assistant. and blue Miss
Frances Rosenswig and Miss FL
eanor Acheson assistant.
Regular classes will be held
with Mrs. T. II. Duefeldt continu-
ing her discussion on $50 It's a
Mans World" Miss Ruth Moline
is in charge of the dramatics class,
which is starting one-act plays.
There will also be gym and SWIM
and bridge offered.
Dinner will be as usual at SIS
o'clock and all reservations and
cancellations must be in by Mon
day evening
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1943-01-11
Navy Wives
Meet Tuesday
Election Postponed Due
To Charter Absence

Mrs. Charles Bryant, 1902
So. 18th st. will be hostess
to m e m bers of the Navy
Wives club of Tacoma for
their next meeting, Tuesday
evening at 1880. She will be
assisted by Mrs. E. l.. White
and Mrs. r. G. Shelley.
s All wives of enlisted personnel
of the navy, naval reserve, coast
guard and marine corp are invited
to attend the meeting and affiliate
with the group. Details of the
organization may be secured from
the president, Mrs. T. L. Thomp-
son, Br. 40e7.
Discussion of plans for social
and welfare work will be a part
of the usual business session. A
late supper will follow.
The most recent meeting of the
club was at Christmas party
held at the home Of Mrs. Everette
Dillon. After a short business
meeting, a gift exchange was held.
Assisting hostesses were Mes
danes: Clinton Searles. ]. T. Nc
Herman, and l.. F. Jankowski.
Mrs. T. l.. Thompson presented
the club with a flag. Due to the
failure of the arrival of the
charter, the election of officers
has been postponed indefinitely.
Mrs. Damon Pratt was well
coined back in the club after visit
ing in California for some time.
Those attending were Mes
danes: T. L. Thompson, Clinton
Searles, e. L. Willhite, r. G. Shell
ley, l.. F. Jankowski. e. L. Dillon,
d. ]. Pratt, j. T. McKernan, C. E.
Stephenson, Joseph Nj. Thome,
Gale Haase, d. A. Hyde, Earl Har-
ris, william Z. Yeager. Alexander
kusebauch, Charles Bryant, and
Kenneth Loyst.
Fern Hill Methodist Women's
Society of Christian Service will
meet at the church Sunday morn
ing at IL o'clock for public in
stallation of officers.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1943-01-11
Announce Schedule
Of Meetings.

Women of the Bible Presbyter-
ian church of Tacoma will meet
next week as follows:
Group AS with Mrs. Clara
Harper. 25O6 So. J st, Thursday
Jan. IA. Luncheon at 1890. Mrs
Carl Anderson will preside at the
meeting to follow. Mrs. L. o
Dupius will conduct the Bible
study and Miss LYDIA Miller, tbs
missionary lesson.
Group So will meet for a pot.
luck luncheon Thursday, Jan. IA
at the home of Mrs. Ben Sher'
wood, 1902 So. K St, at 1890
At the business meeting following
officers will be elected and Mrs
D. A. Mooberry will lead the Bible
study. q
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1943-01-11

the bride, lighted candles. They
both wore pale blue taffeta gowns,
and pearl necklaces, gifts of the
bride. as were those worn by the
attendants.
Mr.. Gordon Bowling was best
man, and ushers were Mr.. Elwood
Hopper. cousin of the bride, and
Mr.. William Meier, brother-in-law
of the bride.
Miss Ruth Samuelson sang
Because, and 20 Promise Me, +"
preceding the exchange of vows
Mrs. Allan Holms played the
organ.
Mrs. Carlson wore a gown of
green crepe trimmed with gold
seouins for her daughters we'd
ding. Her corsage was of Tails
man roses. The bridegroom $
mother wore black taffeta, with
a corsage of yellow roses.
After the ceremony the happy
couple received guests in Weyer-
haeuser hall. where a reception
and dance was held. The long
table was conferred with a large
wedding cake and white tapers
in crystal candelabra.
Mrs. John Randolph, aunt Of the
groom. and Mrs. o. F. Brunswick,
/ poured. Mrs. Homer Sorweide and
Mrs. Ernest Malacky. also aunts
of the bride, assisted with the
serving. Mrs. Ruth Lathrop, cou-
sin of the bride. cut the cake. Mrs.
H. C. Brunswick. aunt Of the
groom. and Mrs. Raymond Dun
can. cousin, had charge OF the gift
table. Miss Helen Ball had the
guest book.
The new Mrs. Arbuthnot wore 8
| powder blue dress and hat, with
a brown fur coat and brown &C
! cesSories when she left with her
| husband for a short wedding t1p
She wore a eorsage OF orchids.
Both young people are gradu-
ates of Lincoln high school. AfteI
their honeymoon. the bridegroom
will return 10 his post as aircraft
mechanic at Gowen freld, Boise
Ida
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1943-01-11

Tiny seed pearls outlined the
sweetheart neckline of the ivory
slipper satin bridal gown. 1t was
fashioned with long sleeves, long
train, and with row of tiny
buttons down the back. The veil
was finger-tip length. falling from
a halo of seed pearls The bride
carried a bouquet of gardenias
and orchids, and wore a wrist
watch given her by the bride
groom.
Mrs. William Meier (Eldoris
Carlson), for whom the bride was
maid of honor Just three months
ago, served her twin sister as ma
tron of honor. She wore a lovely
pale pink net gown with French
sequins and pink taffeta packet
and carried a bouquet of pink
carnations and orchid chrysanthe-
NUNS.
Mrs. William Taylor, the brides
older sister, and Miss Deloris
Randolph, cousin of the bride. were
attendants. They wore gowns OF
powder blue, and carried bauquets
of pink carnations.
Miss Gertrude Painter and Miss
Danna Jeanne Carlson, cousins OF
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1943-01-11
Silver Anniversary
Is Celebrated

Mr.. and Mrs. Henry Selby were
honored during Christmas week at
a party marking their twenty
fifth wedding anniversary.
The affair was given by Mr..
and Mrs. John Galligan, Mr.. and
Mrs. Carl Sandaell. Miss Della
Ferry, Mrs. Manus Gallagher, and
Mr.. Barney McFadden. The party
was held at the l. o. o. F. hail IN
Fern Hill.
Out of town guests included
Mrs. Selby's daughter. Miss Mar
jorie Selby, a nurse at Boeing
hospital. and their son. Mr.. Henry
Selby, jr.. and his wife, of Seattle.
Two hundred guests were pres
ent for the evening of fun and
dancing, chmaxed by a late sup
per.
Midland Harvard PIT. A. will
meet at Midland school on We'd
nesday afternoon at 2:30. There
will be a business meeting fol-
lowed by a program.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1943-01-11
Plight Troth
On January Z
Miss KistIer, Mr.. DoIik Wed
Al United Presbyterian

Miss Marjorie f. kistler,
daughter Of Mr.. and Mrs. T.
A. Kistler. became the bride
of Mr.. Adam J. Dolik, of Nc
Chord Field. son of Mr.. Jo-
seph Dolik and the late Mrs.
Dolik of Chicago. at an eve
ming ceremony Jan. 2 in the
First United Presbyterian
church.
The ceremony was read IN
candlelight in a setting oil
white chrysanthemums.
Mr.. r. X. Briscoe, brother-in-
law of the bride, gave her in
marriage.
Proceeding the ceremony Mrs.
Henry C. Dietz sang 4 Love You
Truly" and "Oh Promise Me" ac-
companied by Mrs. Barbara Dietz.
For the occasion the bride wore
a white satin wedding gown with
long train and finger-tip length
veil. fastened to lace cap with
orange blossoms. She wore sin
gle strand of pearls and carried
pink roses and pompons IN
colonial banquet.
Miss Marian Kistler. maid of
honor sister of the bride, wore
pale blue net with a bouquet of
pink pompons, also in a colonial
arrangement. Another attendant
to the bride was Miss Helen Lang
ness who wore blue organdie and
lace with yellow pompons, also a
colonial banquet.
Sgt. Anthony Raia was best
man and Sgt. Harold Wooton the
usher.
A reception in the army and
navy room of the Winthrop fol-
lowed with Miss Harriet Graves
and Mrs. r. X. Briscoe cutting
the brides cake.
For going away the bride wore
gold crepe dress with a brown
fur coat and brown accessories.
Her flowers were yellow roses.
After a short wedding trip Mr..
and Mrs. Dolik returned to Ia
coma TO make their home at 1919
No. 4th st.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1943-01-11
Pearl Harbor Hero
To Honolulu, Alaska

SEATTLE-Girls with mukluks
and fur psrkas instead of grass
skirts and bare legs will greet
Lieut.. Joseph p. Lockard, hero
whose warning that enemy planes
were approaching Pearl Harbor
Dec. Z. 1871. went unheeded, when
he reaches his new post at Homo
lulu.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1943-01-11
Mrs. Murray
To Preside

Women's association of the First
Presbyterian church will hold the
business session of its regular
monthly meeting at 1890 in Mid
dleton parlor on Wednesday with
Mrs. E. K. Murray presiding.
Names of missionaries listed in
the year book of prayer for JAM
uary will be presented by Mrs.
George Dunlap.
Luncheon will be served at ~: 80
in Stone hall by members of Circle
with their president, Miss Marion
Mason, as hostess.
Opening the afternoon meeting.
Mrs. N. A. Donelson will lead
the devotions, the subject being
Mt. Hebron" Taking the place
of the usual mission talk, a sound
film featuring China, entitled THE
Rebirth of a Nation" by Charles
T. Leber, will be shown. Mr..
Stephen Gaylord will be guest
soloist, accompanied by Mr.. F. J.
Nurding.
On Tuesday at 2:30 the Theta
Iota guild for girls of junior high
age will meet at the home of their
adviser, Mrs. John J. Reese, jr.,
3412 No 31st, with the hostess
leading the Bible study and a So
cial hour following.
The same group will sponsor a
roller skating party at Kings on
Friday from 7:30 to 10.
The senior Westminster guild
meets Tuesday evening at 7:30 at
the home of Mrs. C. Davis Weyer-
haeuser, 624 No. Yakima, with
Miss Lois Phenicie as hostess and
Mrs. Weyerhaeuser leading the
Bible study.