davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-06-02
Christion Poles Assist Warsaw Ghetto Jews
To Organize Resistance Against Nozs

pie matter. The ghetto was, of
course, unprotected.
But tentative approaches by
S. S. troops revealed an amazing
thing. The walls surrounding
the ghetto had been converted
into barricades, by the inhabi-
tants within. Behind them were
Jews drawn up for battle. Not
a mob with stones in their hands;
but an army, trained, disciplined,
in squads, platoons, companies;
of1icered-and armed! Armed
with rifles, machine guns, hand
grenades, Molotoff bombs, deto-
mating caps and fuses!
Prison Becomes Fortress.
In the heart of Warsaw, the
most unmartial Of peoples, the
most hopeless and lost, had
turned their prison into fort
ress and were prepared to the
last child to make their tormen-
tors pay dearly for every life.
The wailing walls had become
stockades.
The Gestapo had to retreat
and appeal to sore-pressed Berlin
for regular troops-regular troops
to put down ghetto Jews! Spe-
cial S. S. detachments, field ar
tillery and motorized infantry,
had to be hastily mobilized be-
hind the lines, for third front
in the very center OF occupied
Poland.
At the last reports the battle
was still on.
How did the Jews get their
arms? OF course, from the Polish
underground. Christian Poland,
aware OF the horrible end that
awaited the prisoners of the
ghetto, modified to smuggle
them weapons. Inside the prison
turned fortress. Jewish members
Of the demobilized Polish Army,
men who had fought in the Pol
ish war, or been trained to fight
but never called, organized the
battle.
Silent Legions Organized.
AS the assault on the ghetto
was met by counterfire, word
flew throughout Poland: The
Jews are fighting! The ghetto re-
fuses to bow to Hitler! BY their
resistance, every other resistance
was made more fierce. Silent
legions were organized, to in
crease acts of violence to de-
fleet Nazi attention from the
ghetto, and oaths were sworn:
"All aid to the Jews, who resist
Hitler!"
Behind the walls were husbands
of Polish women, torn from them
by Hitler's race theories. These
devoted wives, long helpless.
were amongst those who risked
their lives to get few sticks of
dynamite to still loved men.
Just what the situation is at
this moment is unknown to the
representatives Of Poland in Lon
don and Washington. The word
has reached them from the re-
markable underground radio sta.
tion, the letters Of whose name
spell in Polish, Dawn"
But whatever the outcome, this
battle represents one Of the most
extraordinary episodes in the his
tory of religious and racial strife.
Against a common and terrible
enemy, the underground heroes
of Christian Poland defended the
embattled and fighting Jews of
the ghetto, and the Jews, by their
battle, sent out call to all men,
Endure No Longer! Fight! There
Will Be a Dawn!
(Released by the Bell Syndicate, 1nc)
Evening star., 1943-06-02
Niemdn Awards Restricted
To Men Outside Draft
By the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
CAMBRIDGE, Mass, June a.
The Nieman Foundation at Har,
ward University announced last
night that Nieman fellowships for
newspapermen will be restricted this
year to men outside the draft in age
or availability, who intend to equip
themselves to deal with postwar
problems.
The announcement said that, in
asmuch as fellowships are awarded
only to men whose newspapers are
ready to grant them leaves of alb
sence, the program this year thus
is limited to men whose papers feel
that preparations for handling post
war issues is important enough to
justify a leave during the war"
Usually IL fellowships are award
ed each year under a bequest by
Agnes Wahl Nieman, widow Of
Lucius w. Nieman, who published
the Milwaukee Journal.
Applications will be received until
August / for the fall term starting
November /.
Evening star., 1943-06-02

Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower is
head Of the Allied forces in the
Mediterranean area and in all
probability operations in that
theater will be continued this
summer.
1t is known that the command
er in chief for the Western Euro
pean front-either an American
or Briton-will be determined
according to the size of the forces
thrown into the operation. If the
main invasion body is to be Brit
1sh-Canadian, the leader will be
a Britisher; If, on the other hand,
the principal body is to be Amer
lean, then the leader will be an
American.
Gen. George c. Marshall and
Gen. Douglas Macarthur are
leading the field Of candidates.
All Confident Of Marshall.
Gen. Marshall enjoys the con-
fldence of everybody in the
United States and Is highly re-
spected in England. Ever since
we entered the war, he has been
In intimate contact with his Brit
ish colleagues and, while there
have been a number of diver
gences of opinion between him
and the British generals, they
have learned to appreciate his
sterling qualities and his pro-
found strategic conceptions.
1t is true that on several occa-
sions our chief of staff has been
in the hair OF the British mill
tary men when he opposed a
number Of things they wanted
done. But he proved eventually
to be right and the British, who
are good sportsmen, acknowl-
edged the wisdom of Gen. Mar
shalls opposition.
If there is some doubt about
Gen. Marshall being given su-
preme command the reason is
that the organization OF the
forces at home is nowhere nearly
concluded. The chief Of staff has
done such a splendid Job in Great
Ing powerful Army In less than
two years that there is some ques-
tion OF whether any other man
could finish his Job.
Thus, while the choice Of Gen.
Marshall would meet with the
full approval Of the troops, the
political men and the vast major
1ty Of the American people, the
fear that another chief of staff
might not be able to deliver the
Evening star., 1943-06-02

spent months on concert tour In
England and Russia.
These things have changed
Skills have been widely developed
New methods of universal training
and education have been introduced
and the Nation realizes there can
be no direction after the war but
forward"
Evening star., 1943-06-02
SkilIs Of CoIored Race
Are Unused Robson SAYS

BY the Associated Press.
ATLANTA, June Paul Robe
son, renowned colored singer, de-
clared yesterday that skills of Negro
workers are going unused" despite
acute manpower needs and he called
this double sin" because he
said It was at the same time a de-
NAL of equal opportunity to men,
bers Of his race.
In academic cap and gown. Mr..
Robson addressed graduates OF
Morehouse College. from which he
received the honorary degree OF
doctor OF humane letters.
Mr.. Robson said the War-"the
Evening star., 1943-06-02

tion of the
comman d e r
in chief Of
the A iii e d
forces in the
forthcomi n &
inva S ion of
Europe. 1t is
said that no
appointme n t
Is likely to be
m a d e until
matters have
progr e S S e d
sumciently to
Justify, fur
ther action.
Evening star., 1943-06-02

that this administration can create
bureaus faster than an economy
minded Congress can lop them off
A few days ago the Byrd committee
made a final recommendation for
the abolition of NYA, and a few days
before that the Senate Topped off the
appropriation for the National Re-
sources Planning Board, OF which
the Presidents uncle is chairman.
These were steps toward a reduc-
ton Of useless agencies, but neither
has been concluded.
While the issue as to these still
remains in doubt, there springs in
to being new and gaudy commits
sion, with powers so large and pur-
poses so vague that they are not
easily explained even by those
charged with its management and
responsible for its origin.
Gill Named Director.
The new agency rejoices in the
name of THE Committee for Con-
gested Production Areas" It was
established on April by Executive
Order No. 9327, and its salaried di-
rector is Corrington Gill, once dep
uty administrator of the WPA.; once
an executive of the old NRA; re-
Gently in the War Department, and
one of the earliest and most ardent
OF the New Dealers who have been
here since the first Roosevelt ad-
ministration and are eager to stay
through fourth term.
There has been no publicity con-
corning the Committee for Con-
gested Production Areas. 1t has
not much more than started yet, and
1t does not know exactly where it is
going. nor how. Nevertheless, its
sponsors look forward to a big fu-
ture for it and large plans are being
made.
There seems some mystery as to
whose idea this new bureau origin
ally was. and quite a lot Of confusion
as to its necessity. However. under
the authority conferred 1t may easily
expand into one OF the most formid-
able of the Federal emergency
bodies. The object, as explained in
the order, Is to assure "the more ef-
fective handling of governmental
problems in congested production
areas"
May Mean Anything.
AS discretion is given the commit
tee to decide what are the govern
mental problems and which are the
corgested areas, this may mean any
thing the director wants it to mean.
1t is possible for the committee to
develop into a duplicate of the old
National Emergency Council or a
revived National Defense Advisory
Commission. Or 1t may attempt to
coordinate the multitudinous gov
ernmetal units which function
wildly and independently in all areas
No one can tell about that.
Largely. it depends on the warmth
OF the Presidential support. the lib
erality with which funds are provid-
ed and the initiative and character Of
the director. At present the scheme
Is In an exceedingly cloudy state. It
is said that in the "congested areas"
1t will concentrate on problems such
as transportation, food supply,
schools, health, recreation and fuel.
But, what it will do about these
problems or why it should do any,
thing are questions to which no an
swer is given. Cloudy, too, appear
the ideas as to how much money the
new agency will have to spend, where
1t is to come from. how large an
organization will be needed and
exactly what 1t is to do, how, when
and why.
Evening star., 1943-06-02

the Metropolitan
first insured mo
I was as robust
as Weismuller
looks In q Tar.
zan" picture and
needed only a
leopard skin to
double for Lionel
Strongfort In the
p ul p magazine
advertisements. I
was full Of BIZ
cepts and bulges.
All I needed was
a glass roof over
Evening star., 1943-06-02
La Plato Commencement
ToHeur james B. Monroe

LA PLATA. Md. June flames
B. Monroe of La Plata will be the
principal commencement speaker at
the La Plata High School gradual
ton exercises at 8:15 o'clock tonight.
Diplomas will be presented by
Supt. of Schools F. S. Gwynne. The
program will be conducted by the
graduating class and the student
body,
Evening star., 1943-06-02

other way out except to abandon
the personally managed maneuvers
of a government of men and 90
back to the fundamental idea of a
government of laws.
Many experiments have been tried
In personal government, but they
usually have failed. 1t is always best
to let the legislative body pass laws
that define obligations and duties in
wartime. Nothing else is needed
except faithful execution of the law.
Reproduction Rights Reserved)
Evening star., 1943-06-02

q 6 e n c ! e S
in Washington
and a lessening
of their confu-
sion and cost
will be chagrined
over the ap-
pearance of a
new and entirely
u n h e r a | d =
ed agency with
large potentiali-
ties in the way
of jobs and ex-
pense.
II lN1c e11S,
Evening star., 1943-06-02
This Changing World
Gen. Marshall and Gen. Macarthur Leading
Field for Invasion Commander in Chief

goods as splendidly as Gen. Mar
shall has done might be q deter
rent to his eventual appointment.
Gen. Marshall always sees the
two sides Of the picture. This
quality makes him an excellent
diplomat and one likely to get
along with his foreign subordi-
mates better than any other
American general who could
qualify for that responsible COM
mand.
More Experience In Field.
Gen. Macarthur has more ex-
perience in the field than Gen.
Marshall. He had a command in
the last war and has shown his
qualities in the Philippines. BY
and large Gen. Macarthur is less
popular with the Army than Gen.
Marshall is. But he is an inspir-
ing leader vino would soon be-
come the idol of the armed forces
If he were placed in command OF
a difficult operation such as the
invasion Of Europe will be.
Gen. Macarthur, however, is
extremely unpopular with certain
political elements in Washington
and his chances have been
harmed considerably by the prop
aganda for which he is not re-
sponsible in the slightest degree
that he may be presidential
timber in 1914.
Moreover, he is intransigent in
his views and the Allied generals
who will be working under him
will be confronted with a man
who will make decisions and in
sist that they be executed re-
gardless Of the views of our asso-
ciates and general staffs.
Gen. Macarthur is the type Of
officer who believes that in a
campaign the burden of sacrifices
must fall share and share alike"
on all those who are fighting,
regardless of any other consid-
erations, such as the relative
manpower potential of each of
the Allies.
Macarthur "Available."
Gen. Macarthur is considered
available" The battles in the
Pacific will remain local in char
acter for some time, either until
Hitler Is crushed or political
developments occur which would
make the European area of minor
Importance.
The principal burden OF re-
sponsibility in the Pacific lies
with the air force and the Navy.
The ground forces this year will
perform only minor operations,
eAAN oAC AChoS tilCl ID n HAL Ill ll16
Pacific. 1t. Gen. Walter Kruger,
who IS fully qualified to command
them. Gen. MacArthur's main
duty has been the defense of
Australia. Military experts now
regard that continent as safe
from Japanese invasion.
Gen. Macarthur is said to be
anxious to obtain an active COM
mand. He was greatly interested
last fall In taking over the COM
mand entrusted to Gen. Eisen-
hover. his former aide.
Last November, however,
Japanese invasion Of Australia
loomed as a strong possibility and
Gen. MacArthur's indirect sug-
gestions to be sent to Africa had
to be overlooked.
Evening star., 1943-06-02

amazing picture
Of conflicting
authority, inter-
agency bicker-
Ing and mis-
taken policy.
w h e n h e
truce" between
miners and op-
orators expired
Monday night,
no request from
the Government
was before the
miners union to
continue opera
Evening star., 1943-06-02

Deen raging
for days in
the last place
one would ex-
pect it the
Polish ghetto.
There, i'm
prisoned be-
hind massive
w a l l S, were
300, 900 totally
defeated vic
Tins of Hit
ler-the first
to b e a t.
Evening star., 1943-06-02

peoples war"-wiu go far to spread
equality Of opportunity to all races,
religions and creeds.
Il think Of England where in the
past the great masses found so
little incentive. kept as they were
at the same level generation after
generation" said the singer, who
Evening star., 1943-06-02

HE opinions the oe,s page are their o,0n not
necessarily The Stars Such opinions presented IN
Stars etort to giue all sides OF questions OF interest to its
readers although such opinions may contradictory among
themselves and directly opposed to The Stars.
Evening star., 1943-06-02
On the Record
By DOROTHY THOMPSON.

Not listed or publicized under
notable military events, but a
revelation of this wars social
character, Is a battle that has
Evening star., 1943-06-02
BY FRANK r. KENT.

Members of the Senate and House
who feel that some progress has
been made recently toward a simpli-
fication of the governmental war
Evening star., 1943-06-02
BY CONSTANTINE BROWN.

According to available infor-
nation, no decision was reached
at the recent Roosevelt Church.
Ill conferences regarding selec-
Evening star., 1943-06-02
Law Needed
To Back Up
.WLB
Direetives Questioned; /;
Personal Method Of
HondIine Strikes Fails
BY DAVID LAWRENCE.

The bungling that has char
acterized the Governments han
ding of the coal controversy is in
credible. The facts present an
Evening star., 1943-06-02
McLennore
Delivers UItimutum
To Insurance Firm
BY HENRY McLEMORE.

LONDON.-1 do not want to alarm
the Metropolitan Life Insurance Co.,
but am undoubtedly the worst risk
that it now has on its books. When
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1943-01-01
Roses Pay
$4,000 Bonus

Roses 5-i0--25c Sores, Inc, has
pad more In II 100000 in Christmas
h"i''s'N - employee, Of the home
20 .' .ld ~ >'or@S operated by the
EGanIItIrn in North Carolina Vir-
.''.'. South Carolina. Tennessee and
Tr'fSil. 1t was announced today by
/. -. rose. IL. vice president and
'c.' ;H:y o! he firm.
~ edition. Dpuus checks have
gone uut 10 the Ga men who are rep-
resented ny stars on The service flag
lying from the Home Office build
- I'D '"EuCr,uT. and who receive
'hrlE mail al training camps through
"'i y" country AID in care of posi-
masters AT ports of cmbarkation for
foreign duty.
"" payment OF an annual bonus
!, 'nnG established practice with
Hoses Stores" Mr.. Rose said. This
i'A ~" are particularly happy to
NAV" Tins means of expressing oul
"lH'ttla n Ia the me" who have
: .." rom our organization into the
armed Scrvlcc-mcn who EXPECT TO
'''.hh tn us after victory 30 pick
up cINilihn life where they left Off
&H'y." :"
In Inc local Roses Store. bonus
..'. s. NC - 80 cmpl ryccS. ac-
'"'uinG 10 +. {. Poe. manager. This
'.hnh"r included both full time en-
y : { AID those who work Satur-
Gays and Other busy days. Two bonus
'hcrNS went % employees on lcavc of
absence from tn" store I, serve with
unr'c Sans fighting men.
h"Sr'S entertained more than T.
''9 "m1l"y"CS and guests 1T Christ
mas dinners during the week before
christmas. IN the cities in which the
rl"l'S Stores arc located. Local en-
pi"yrcS had their diner December 10
at Vance Hotel. with ~ present.
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1943-01-01
Wartime Bans Cut
New Building Here
70 1912 Low Mark

4 Nv WarInu" priurItlrS and
N'r new building IN liCndcr-
IT," lowest IN 1912 IN many
'.f hmu"untCd To- only S22,75O
""I"ciS. according Ia data
..u today from FIRE Chief
' G.. Ellis.
cn II tn" twelve months mo
F,lC issued al ALI. Thcs"
tH"ial%. May. June. August.
.'r. October amd November.
.yupcr there was one permit
90! !'p..n. Wulk - Il Written
a'.rs!im% owned by Hunter
.Gii total NOW buillma WIS
COL @i"iI%o an &? projects.
- Approximately SloD. OUu
.Iul ..",rv.
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1943-01-01

"ll"m,wnrk" is FUN in Pattern
!'2G' by Marian Martin. This 'front.'
pan"icd pr n Is in two completely
different versions. "A" has broader.
SIR pS. sCallopcd edges and lace
trim: b looks gay with ric-rac.
Pattern 92Gl max be ordered only
IN sizes small (32-34). medium
t@i 3'D. large (iO-42). Small size,
N.rW y. requires > yards 35-inch:
- =" yards lace cdging: view B. 10
wards 35-mCh. SO yards ric-rac.
Send SlNlEEN CENTS in coins
l"E this Marian Martin pattern.
WEI" plainly SIZE. NAME. AID.
DRESS and STYLE NUMBER.
send your order to The Hcndcr
son Daily Dispatch. Pattern Dcpar,
mcni. 232 ". 18th ST.. New York
n. Y.
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1943-01-01

.,H =. !, .'Hu-trn n.,.
'.. ",N t" ....r ".ra. ia G.u,,n..
W.. #..,. -p''il." lhr ,.mr ja.r
H''''.A .l,. .i.. aGi Nh. >. =,
t"ul .u Ni"sun#,r .lrc"t.
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1943-01-01
SOCIETY. NEWS
Itctli'

-. sidney - lines has returned
l" Miami Teach. Florida. after spend
hlS Inc Christmas holidays with HI,
parent IN Henderson. lie also Wis.
,tcu RELATIVES iu Richmond. Va. and
Baltimore. Aid
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1943-01-01

". /. ,'.i.u. r;ar,l clad. 81 the
Naur. \NA. . confined 49, in ipuc
. .lH..-.
Evening star., 1943-09-19
TWISTED WEAVE
BROADLOOZNRUGS

All wool faced properly sized rug gives your room
of dignity. Choose twisted broadooms in the proper
size for beauty for service for color: Dusty rose.
Federal blue maple TAM burgundy and Others Not all coos
in all sizes.
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1943-09-20
1t. Harris Is
Made Captain

The promotion of First Lieutenant
Ii. Frank Harris, Jr. To the rank OF
captain has been announced by Bri-
gadlcr General +. +. Bullcnc, COM
handing general of the Chemical
Warfare Service. Unit Training Cen.
Ter at Camp Sibcrt. Alabama.
y native OF Henderson. CAPTAIN
Harris is the son of Mr. and Mrs. Il.
FRANK Harris. uf 23l Turner avenue
Prior to his entry into the r;mcd
loi ccS, he WAS associated with the
Consolidated Gas Electric Light &
Power Company of Baltimore, Md.
Entering the Army on july 10.
l9+2, he WAS later stationed al Edge
wood Arsenal, the Adjutant Cen
erals School at Fl. WASHINGTON, and
then was sent 10 Camp Sibcrr, Ala
bama. Since that time he has been
the adjutant OF the Chemical War
Fare Service Unit Training Center at
Camp Sibcrt.
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1943-09-20
Floods of Stove:
Applications Are
Received bv OPA

Raleigh. Sept. 20-Rcports to RIA.
leigh OPA headquarters from local
war price and ratioaing boards in
dicatcd today that application for
rationcd coal and wood heating sto-
YES outnumbcr rationing Quotas four
to orc.
With prcScn; stock Inventories brin.
considered, the present supply of S;u-
YES in 81 eastern North Carolina
counties is estimated 10 DO able 10
last about 20 months under present
quotas. however If all applications
were filled now the stove supply
would be exhausted in about five
months, OPA said.
This situation makes ii very ne
ccSSary for local rationing boards to
consider only the most urgently need
ed cases, "ThcOdOrc S. johnson, Ra-
leigh district director, said. I'VE are
doing our best i0 lake care uI needy
cases and Ia protect our homes before
severe cold weather sets in. Only
those persons who badly need new.
coal and wood heating stoves should
apply 10 the ratiOling boards. The
Raleigh office is doing all il can To-
increase the stove rationin. quotas.
however il must he remembered that
ratinning of stoves is necessary o..
quota basis 10 make lie supply last
longer and be used to better advan-
taGc."
Requests to regional OPA head
! quarters have been made il an Ct
fort 10 increase the quotas of ratlOncd
coal and wood heating stoves during
| the coming months. September quota
was .074 for 81 Eastern North Caro-
! lima counties.
johnson added that quotas for all
other types of ra,foncd stoves arc
sufficient for inc current needs.
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1943-09-20
GRANVILLE FARMER
PROFITS FROM WOOD

Oxford. Sept. 2U.--One farmer in
Granville county has already had OK
pcricnCc with the pulpwoOd program
this year. reports County Agent {.
V. Morgan of the State College EX-
tension Service.
Leo c. Freddy. of F'rankl.nton. re-
Gently cut three carloads of pulp
wood and shipped them 10 Il paper
mill in Roanoke Rapids. lie cut this
SO units OF wood from only ono and
ono fourth acres, Morgan says.
Freddy took practically all the
wood Of onc-half of an acre. and
left q good stand of pines on The
remaining ihrcc-fourtnS. Ills wood
sold Tor $500 and figuring his net
profit he found he made a tota! of
S24O on The three carloads As soon
as he ha!reStS his crops. the farmer
plans 70 cut even more wood.