davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-04-20

placed on the ground. but on
platform high enough to escape
the moisture and chill Of the
ground. The outer walls are made
Of coarse grass leaves, rootlets and
Victory worker. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1942-1943, 1943-02-01
Miracle OF Ships
Seen Winning War

Continued from Page u
Victory worker. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1942-1943, 1943-02-01

at the dollar rate of $179,O0O,00
a month. Throughout 1871 war
ships and auxiliaries were added
at the rate of S25O,OOO,OOO a
month.
Five weeks before Pearl Harbor
our total merchant and naval con-
tracts totaled S6,40O, 1000, 900, of
which $1,377, 100000 was for COM
mercial vessels, including the $685.
100000 order placed here by Brit
ain in December, 1910, and $685.
100000 on order by private Amer
lean concerns.
In the first eight months OF 1941
exactly 436 Navy keels were laid,
as against 156 during the. previous
year. In the same eight months
249 ships were launched, 213 COM
and naval orders on
hand amounted to 1924 1862, 17S,
for 1881 ships.
At the beginning of 1912 the
losses for Britain, Allied and neu-
trail countries stood at 1852, 900
Continued on Page A.
Victory worker. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1942-1943, 1943-02-01
CHAPTER 4

|
Our destiny is bound with the recover of this heritage To
repeat seriously prepared
explore what would personal
mtmen if did?
For citizens this costly
commitments First it would acknowledge the
searching light
responsible in large
what they Our attitude
and of responsibility
Secondly faith a quality personal
consonant with the character of God LUMINOSITY
in the tradition which
heritage Translated
loyal endeavor the all American express
behavior purity and honesty justice selfsacrice
Thirdly faith in God who coming
OF world community recognize right
of individuals and peoples opportunity
their and their imposed
by the rights of others This would
federation of free and equal peoples
everything in class reality
brotherhood
Fourt faith accept re-
such political principles righteous
receive responsible
y of the American State world which
cpes Of human right restraint
evil the establishment of
therefore the unacceptable obligation present
not holy Christian necessary though
Ggreeabe police And this gambling
existence the llment of early
vision of human freedom
The passionate affirmation this spirit
four commitments the give victory in
war and victory in the beyond
Victory worker. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1942-1943, 1943-02-01

Continued from Page II
the program was growing. In the
second year Britain's rate was in
creased only slightly, and our own
total of deliveries rose to nearly
100000, with the rate of accelera-
ton still mounting. In that same
year we launched nearly 100000
gross tons. But by April of 1871
British, allied and neutral losses
had mounted to nearly 100000
tons. In March, April, May and
June Of that year ship losses were
100000 tons, but fell off in the
subsequent four-month period to
100000.
In the field of fighting ships we
were also getting under way by
the end of 1910. We had launched
sixty ships, commissioned forty
seven, and the Navy was growing
Victory worker. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1942-1943, 1943-02-01
Spirit and Action Secure Liberty

George Washingtons time fraught with disunity
nances were short his soldiers hungry and barefoot
vigorous sprit-the spirit of Amerca-prevaled.
Today we are united nation and have long way
in the development of Our armed forces are
well equipped well fed fleet of ships and planes expand
ing With everyone doing his part spr-that same I'M
quenchabe spirit that carried Washington through-will
again carry us to victoryHarry Washington Hargood
Victory worker. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1942-1943, 1943-02-01
Welcome Todd Keel!

On February g, Todd Keelnew semi-monthy publication
of ToddSeatte Dry Docks, Incmade it's bow Devoted to
Keep em Sailing and to winning the war, TODD KEEL
will help Tods fellow workers to become better acquainted
and share their mutual accomplishments
Victory worker. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1942-1943, 1943-02-01

DISCUSSING WAR PROBLEAIS-In their OF w.
Blvd oLeary Rails candidate city coun-
Gil, and her husband Charles G.
Marine Corps home furough talk of changes brought
Seattle, while their
admire their dads medals Mrs Rails successful attorney
basing her campaign which
this congesed better health sanitation relief
Overcrowded conditions
enforcement combat delinquency
crime; child welfare better provisions children of
working mothers Primaries Feb final election March
Victory worker. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1942-1943, 1943-02-01
Axis Temporary Power
Founded on False Faith
True Faith Needed To Preserve Our Heritage
By JOHN ALEXANDER MCKAY

with special permission Of Dr. Mckay President Princeton Theological
Seminary and the New York Times Victory Worker
Evening star., 1943-03-04
Army and VINO Issue
Orders Widening
Education Program
Beginners Enrolling for
Certain Courses Will
Be Deferred

Orders providing wider educa-
tional opportunities for young men
inside and outside the armed forces
were made public today by the War
Department and the War Manpower
Commission.
The War Department, in an
nouncing list of 119 colleges which
have been approved for participa-
ton In the aviation cadet crew
training program, ruled:
l. That all candidates for this
training, except college graduates
and those with adequate college
credits, would be required to COM
plete five months of special college
work under the new program, which
becomes effective tomorrow:
2. That selective service eligibles
between the ages of 18 and 26 could
volunteer for induction under the
program on passing the qualifying
physical and mental examinations
for prospective cadets.
New Deferment Policy.
At the same time, VINO orders
went out to draft boards instruct
ing them to defer college students
who can complete certain designat-
ed courses by July l, 1945. The
orders not only added additional
courses for which deferment could
be considered but also removed the
prohibition that only students who
had completed year in the course
could be granted deferment.
Under the revised instructions for
students, youths just beginning COL
lege will be entitled to deferment if
they enroll in certain scientific and
professional courses.
Since a number of colleges have
now adopted speed-up courses
which enable students to attend
school continuously and complete
their courses within two years. a
number Of youths now entering
school would obtain this deferment.
Still pending is the War Manpower
Commission program which would
subsidize students to complete COL
lege courses. VINO Chairman Paul
V. McNutt said that program would
be announced next week.
Courses Enumerated.
Under the War Departments avia-
ton program, after basic training at
a technical training command center,
the men will be sent-all in the
grade of private-to one of the Sc
lected colleges for courses in modern
history, English, geography and
mathematics, including trigonometry
and physics. all under the college
faculties. Air Force officers will give
instruction in drill, military disci-
pine. customs of the service and
physical education, and it is planned
also to include 10 hours of flight
training.
Those eligible for this training
fall into four classes:
Men now in the Air Forces Enlist
ed Reserve, who will be called to
active duty as quickly as practicable.
Qualified 17-year- -olds, who will be
called six months after their 18th
birthdays.
Qualified enlisted men of the
Army.
Civilians between Is and rs who
may qualify for aviation cadet train
Ing and volunteer for induction.
Evening star., 1943-03-04
Hakki|a Reported Giving Up
Forming Finnish Cabinet

By the Associated Press
The Helsinki radio, in broad dcast
recorded by the Associated Press,
said today that Vaino Hakkila had
given up his attempt to form new
government and political blocs were
rally around the candidacy of
Prof. Edwin Linkomies for the
premiership
Hakkila, speaker of Parliament,
had been named premier designate
Monday by PRECEDENT Risto Ryti, but
surrendered the mandate last night
after the Agragrian party. Finlands
second largest, refused to back him.
Prof. Linkomies is second vice
speaker of Parliament and vice
president of Helsinki University.
The Finnish radio said that the
Social Democratic party already had
decided not to oppose Linkomies'
candidacy and the Agragrian party
was reported to have swung into line
Linkomies was born in Viipuri
under the immediate shadow of the
Russian peril" the broadcast said.
Evening star., 1943-03-04

type OF plane. the parts for this
plane, he said, had been broken into
"a major subcontracts, with each
item produced by different firm.
Often, he pointed out, small con-
Germs can take over relatively simple
portions of equipment, leaving big
factories free to concentrate on the
tougher" parts for which their ma
chinery and engineering skill are
fitted.
Civilian Contracts Essential.
Col. johnson said he saw eye to
eye with Mr.. Wilson on the small
business program and was confident
that as team they could give
results.
He told the committee it was
planned to increase materially the
number of prime contracts to be
carried by the Smaller War Plants
Corp.
Small business, he said, wants war
contracts and is not even satisfied
with essential civilian contracts, but
must be sold on the idea that the
latter are as vital as munitions.
The work of getting business to
distressed plants must be carried out
on the industrial 'front.'" Col. john
son emphasized, pointing out it must
be done in the field, according to
the SWPC decentralization plan, not
IN washington, where only policies
should be formed.
Says WPB Favors Program.
It's a tragedy Col. johnson de-
clareo, TO let businessmen come to
Washington and wander all over the
place to do the thing we ought to
do for them in the field"
Asked if WPB was entirely in ac-
cord with his program, Col. johnson
replied, The top leadership of WPB
not only is in complete accord. but
Is enthusiastically in favor of it. AS
you go down the line, all degrees
OF favor are encountered. It will
take a little time to get all the
operating executives to see it in the
same light. But if 1 find any one
who isn't on the beam III report
MIN TO Charles Wilson, and I think
that will be adequate"
When Senator Scrugham pointed
to an objection which some procure
ment agencies had raised-that in
slstence on subcontracting brought
divided responsibility and the prime
contractor had to be held to the let
ter OF his contract in wartime-Col,
johnson said: "A good purchasing
agent can do it if he wants to. It's
a state of mind. If ne does not want
to subcontract, he can find all sorts
OF reasons against it. The easiest
way to get job done is to give 1t
to one person, but we can't always
take the easiest way"
Calls Quarters Inadequate.
Col, johnson said his headuuar-
ters ION the top floors of the Raleigh
HoteD were entirely inadequate.
I'VE can't do the job unless we
have adequate space" he added,
estimating that at 10000 square
feet.
I'VE can't place our men at desks
in the halls" he said
Steps are being taken to acquire
new quarters, he said.
Evening star., 1943-03-04
StabiIization Plan
Weakened by Failure
0fWorkersto Transfe,
Monpower Official
Explains Weak Link in
Baltimore Experiment
B. the Associated Press.

D. (I'e associated PTeSS.
Failure of workers to transfer
from on-essential to essential Jobs
was described officially today as the
weakest aspect" of the so-called
Baltimore Plan" for the stabiliza-
ton of employment.
Writing in Manpower Review,
publication of the War Manpower
Commission, Alexander A. Live
right said, however, that the prob
lem OF transferring jobs was being
approached by pointing out to en-
ployers in essential industries
the occupations from which workers
must be shifted in order not to be
declared non-deferrable in the draft.
Set Up in 1912.
Mr.. Liveright, first area director
appointed by VINO and who worked
with management, labor and civic
groups to set up the experimental
Baltimore plan in July, 1912, re-
ported that piracy of workers in war
industries had been almost elimi-
mated. He said the plan had re-
suited in a 33 per cent increase in
the employment of colored persons
by % leading industries from May
to December.
The Baltimore plan is the pilot
case" for manpower stabilization
programs now in effect in more than
100 communities.
Primary objectives are utilization
OF local labor supply, control of the
importation of labor prevention of
pirating and undue turnover, reduc-
ton of absenteeism and transfer of
workers from nom essential to es-
sential jobs.
Results Of Experiment.
Baltimore was chosen for the ex-
pertinent because it was an area of
extreme labor stringencies.
Other results in the Baltimore
area, as reported by Mr.. Liveright
included:
Employment of $4,000 women in
WarsWork in Baltimore between July
and September for an overall in
crease Of 81 per cent.
A reduction in personnel turnover
but voluntary quitting continues
high. Reasons: Unsatisfactory work.
ing and housing conditions, job
shopping and in some cases, inability
to perform the job.
Evening star., 1943-03-04
Army Supply Branch
Charged With Failure
To Aid Small Firms
Dollar Value of Contracts
Decreases Steadily,
Senote Hearing Told
"A, P. Wirephoto.
BY CARTER BROOKE JONES.

Inc war department Services
of Supply was charged today by
Chairman Murray of the Senate
Small Business Committee with
allowing contracts given small war
plants to drop off to a point which
makes a mockery" of the Smaller
War Plants Act.
The statement. read at hearing
by Senator Scrugham, Democrat, of
Nevada in the absence of Senator
Murray, said committee research
showed that contracts and sub
contracts allowed little manufac-
turers by the SOS had fallen Al
per cent in dollar value in Decem-
ber from November and in jan
uary was 40 per cent below the
November figure.
This was described as distress
ing commentary" on the efforts Of
Congress to keep small business alive
during the war.
Go to l Per Cent of Firms.
BY the end of January, Senator
Murray found, 76 per cent of the
SOS contracts were going to the
larger firms. These plants, said the
report, amounted to only per cent
of the total number of manufac-
turing plants in the country.
Such a condition of affairs" the
chairman added, makes a mockery
of the Smaller War Plants Act which
the Congress unanimously adopted
under the sponsorship of this CON-
mittee."
Senator Murray emphasized that
he was referring to the War De-
partment in particular and specifi-
cally to the procurement agencies
under 1t. Gen. Brehon Somervell,
commander of the Services Of
Supply.
Agencies Held to Blame.
While the War Production Board
and the Smaller War Plants Corp.
had been criticized for failure Of
little businessmen to get more war
contracts. the chairmen commented,
and there might have been some
Justification for this. "A fair share
perhaps the major part-of the
blame" should go to the procure
ment a2encies-in this instance, the
War Department.
Later Charles E. Wilson, executive
vice chairman of WPB, and Col
Robert w. johnson, new WPB vice
chairman in charge of smaller war
plants and chairman of the Smaller
War Plants Corp, assured the COM
mittee that everything possible was
being done to give small manufac-
turers and shops the largest amount
OF business possible.
Senator Scrugham asked Col.
Johnson about a letter signed by
WPB Chairman Donald M Nelson,
Undersecretary of War Patterson
and UnderSecretary of the Navy
Forrestal. asking all contractors to
let subcontracts as widely as feast
BILE.
Was Not Delivered.
so far as the committee has
been able to learn" said Senator
Scrugham, this letter did not reach
a single prime contractor Do you
hiicN hiiN liiillS uDOul ~:
Col. johnson said he had no per-
sonal knowledge of that-he had
assumed it was circulated widely.
Mr.. Wilson testified, The funda-
mental job of all of us-civilian and
military, big manufacturer and
small businessman-is to win the
war as surely and rapidly as we
can. Neither the small business
man nor the big manufacturer will
have any future if we do not Sue
ceed in doing this"
Cites Plane Subcontracting.
Small plants, Mr.. Wilson added
can play an important part in the
industrial mobilization.
He cited the instance OF new
Evening star., 1943-03-04
II Major Air|ines
Face 1917 Reduction
In Passenger Rates
Civil Aeronuutics Board
Orders Companies to
Justify Present Fares
le Associated Press.

BY lne associated Press.
The Civil Aeronautics Board
ordered II major airlines today to
show cause why they should not
reduce passenger fares by 10 per
cent. The carriers were given IS
days in which to reply.
The CAB said the airlines had
suspended discounts on passenger
fares and also all special fares last
July l. with the result that they
increased the average passenger
revenue per mile flown.
The public interest in economic
stabilizatfon and price control" the
board said. "necessitates the res
toration, insofar as cOnsistant
with the maintenance of the sound
financial condition of the respond
ents (the airlines), of the average
passenger revenue per revenue pas
senger mile to the approximate level
existing before the elimination by
the respondents on July /, 1912, of
all discounts on passenger and all
special fares"
The order went to American Air
lines, Braniff Airways, Chicago g.
Southern Air Lines. Delta Air Corp,
Eastern Air Lines, National Airlines,
Northwest Airlines, Pennsylvania
Central Airlines, Transcontinental &
Western Air, United Air Lines and
Western Air Lines.
The board issued brief statement
in which it said that the amount of
5raffic handled by the carriers be-
tween July and November last year
was not appreciably smaller than in
the same l94l months. even though
operations were carried on with
fewer planes; that the average pay
load on each plane during the latter
part Of 1912 was greater than a year
earlier; that under contracts with
the War Department the carriers
received ALLEGATION of substantial
amounts of indirect expense which
otherwise would be chargeable to
their scheduled operations, and that
the net incomes reported during the
five months ended November 30
were excessive and that the net
operating incomes will be or may
continue to be excessive"
Evening star., 1943-03-04
Moman 10 Take Stand
Today in Own Defense
In Baby Adoption Case
Doctor Says Fee for
Delivery Of Child Was
Never Poid by Defendant

Mrs. Ann Collins of 34ll Thirty
third place NV, is expected to
take the District Court witness
stand today in her own defense to
answer grand larceny charges in
connection with the s270 the Gov
ernment alleges she charged IN OBJ
tanning baby fer a Washington
couple.
According to Prosecutor George
Mcneil, Mr.. and Mrs Carlton
Nichols. 2750 Fourteenth street NV,
inquired of Frances Troy Northcross,
woman's counselor for local news
paper, as to the possibilities of adopt
ing baby, and Mrs. Northcross, Mr..
Mcneil says, referred the couple to
Mrs. Collins.
Mr.. Mcneil charged that in May
of l94l, Mrs. Collins accepted $50
from the couple TO be applied against
board for the expectant. unWed
mother Mr. Mcneil says that two
hours after the baby had been born,
on June %. 194l, she was delivered
to Mr.. and Mrs. Nichols on receipt
of an additional $500 to cover
medical care of the baby and ex-
penses for adoption papers.
Mr.. Mcneil further charges that
Mrs. Collins failed to take out the
adoption papers on behalf of the
couple and that in 1912 the Nichols
hired their own counsel to adopt
the baby.
Testifying for the Government
this morning were DR.. Roy Nichol-
son of the 3100 block of Columbia
pike, Arlington, Va, and his secre-
tary, Mrs. George Lavender, both of
whom told the court that Mrs Col
Inns had not paid $50 fee for the
delivery of the child.
DR.. Nicholson said that the un-
we'd mother of the child turned S35
over to him, He kept s10 return
ing S25 to the mother The mother,
he said, then sent a $50 check to
Mrs Collins. but Mrs. Collins. he
said, did not send him the money,
This testimony was corroborated by
Mrs. Lavender.
The mothers Cancelled check has
been introduced in evidence, &C
cording to Mr.. Mcneil
Evening star., 1943-03-04
Raids
Continued From First Page.)

damage and it described German
fighter defenses as weak.
The Berlin radio. however. broad
cast report by DNB that seven
multi-engined American bombers
were shot down during the morning
over Western Germany.
The Allied blows were disclosed in
the wake of two Nazi night raids on
London. Ten British bombers failed
to return from the assault on Ham,
burg and associated forays against
other targets in Western Germany,
which marked the eighth successive
night attack on the continent.
The attack on Hamburg, heavily
battered since the beginning of the
war, followed a large scale assault
Monday night on Berlin. Hamburg
has been visited by Raj bombers
nearly 100 times and was heavily
attacked February 4, when is of
the British planes failed to return.
1t was indicated that the attack
on Hamburg. Germany's leading
submarine building center and base,
Evening star., 1943-03-04

was almost as heavy as the raids on
Cologne, st. NaZaire and Berlin
within the last week.
Twice before this year the Raj
dropped Atom and 2-ton bombs on
Hamburg.
While the British announced the
loss of 10 planes, the Germans
claimed they had shot down IA.
The German high command COM
munique, broadcast by the Berlin
radio and recorded by the Associated
Press, said material damage was
done to buildings by explosive and
lncendlary bombs, particularly in
Hamburg and surroundings" and
added that there were casualties.
Last night the Lufwaffe German
Air Force dropped heavy caliber
explosive bombs and thousands of
lncendiary bombs on the district Of
London" the communique said.
Part of Force Reaches London.
Between , 30 and 40 German
bombers crossed the British coast
for the first and strongest attack
on London and other areas, but
only part of this force reached Lon
don, an Air Ministry communioue
said. The second raid was made by
a smaller force and few of those
planes reached the city, it was an
nounced.
There were number of casaul-
ties, including fatalities, but mo
where was the damage extensive" :"
the communique said. Three of the
German raiders were declared de-
stroyed.
Authorities said two of the bomb
ers were destroyed after they reached
England and the third was caught
at a base in Holland It was re-
ported unofficially that a fourth
raider was shot down, but this was
not confirmed.
The German planes appeared
over London first late last evening
and returned again about 4::3O m
A terrific anti-aircraft barrage greet
ed the first German planes, which
kept the city under alarm for ap-
proximately 80 minutes. The sec
ond attack lasted little more than
an hour.
Nazis Report Devasta ton.
Bombs were dropped in London
and the home counties and in East
Anglia and Southeast England, it
was authoritatively reported.
The Berlin radio, taking wide ad-
vantage of the German raid on Lon
don, said that great devastation"
had been caused and that many
high explosives and thousands of
lncendiary bombs were dropped.
All German planes returned safely,
the German account said.
A number of casualties were re-
ported in one London district fol-
lowing the first raid and rescue
workers were called to free the
trapped residents of one building
shattered in the attack. No bombs
fell in London proper in the pre-
dawn raid, but number were
dropped along the Thames Estuary.
Londoners who had expected a
furious reprisal for the smashing
attack on Berlin went to air-raid
shelters only to find the attacks
bore little resemblance to the blitzes
OF old. One commentator described
the German effort as "a damp
squib."
Evening star., 1943-03-04
FOUND.

DOG months old, brown and white
Irish setter. l40 46th st. Sc, AT, 1874.
PART COLLIE-HOUND. med. size male.
black with white markings, found near An
nandale, Va. Fairfax 40-J-l.
REPORT ABANDONED STRAY ANIMAL S
10 the Animal Protective Association for
Human Disposition, Hillside 1913. Present
facilities limited TO these only.