davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-10-29
CHEVY CHASE, Md.

Dear Sir:
II would like to know how some of the
birds around my place got their names.
Il cannot understand how anything
could be named nuthatch or thrasher
or chat.
Does the breasted nuthatch
really hatch nuts?
Such names as this seem to me really
inexplicable, but if anybody can explain
them 1 believe you can.
Il would find the birds more interest,"
odd names.
Sincerely, P. McM."
Common names of the birds are inter-
divine common sense.
The thrasher, for instance, got his
name because he thrashes his tail
around
The yellow breasted chat was so called
because of the chatter he puts up when
he sings.
The white breasted nuthatch hacks,
not natcheS. nuts ana SeedS.
The meaning goes back TO hatch" in
the sense of hack or cut.
1t is the same root from which we get
our word "hatchet."
Woodpecker and sapsucker are self
explanatory.
Titmouse is another interesting bird
name. The word tit means little. and
the bird unquestionably resembles a
mouse.
The chickadee, favorite of everybody.
is named from his call He is supposed
to say "chick "a dee dee dee" although
We must confess that we have never
heard him say anything except dee
dee dee"
The bob-whte and whippoorwill re-
ceived these common names from the
sounds they make. They do, indeed.
seem to be saying" just these very
things.
The catbird. of course. gets his name
from his catlike call. His song is an
other matter entirely. and is most often
mistaken for mockingbird's melody.
The mockingbird's common name
comes from his ability TO mimic other
bird songs
i
Phoebe and pevee get their names
from their soft call notes.
The flicker is sometimes called the
golden-winged woodpecker The name
flicker may come from the flicker of
the gold in the wings as it flies, or maybe
from the spring song.
The ovenbrd makes its nest in the
shape OF a small oven OF the ground.
The cowbird Is named from it's at
Evening star., 1943-10-29
Wants Reduction
OF Children's RatiOns.
To the Editor of The Star:

To the Editor of The Star:
A great deal of figuring has been
done by our food-rationing officials,
but some facts still remain over
looked. Under the present system
child Is allowed the same number Of
brown points, covering meat, butter.
cheese, etc, as an adult person. 1 be-
lieve lesser number of points should
be allowed small children. After reach
ing certain age, they then could be
allowed the same number as an adult
In families where there are several
small children who do not consume
food allowed for the total Of their
brown points, the adult members gen.
orally have more than their just share.
Why not readjust this little?
MRS. CHAS. SMITH.
Hopkins, MINI.
Evening star., 1943-10-29
New Strike Threat

In view Of the position taken by
John L. Lewis with respect to the
War Labor Boards latest mine pay
decision, there seems little hope of
heading Off general coal strike
next week. Hence, in referring the
matter to the White House, the
board took the only rational course
that was open to it.
Following a series Of strikes, Mr.
Lewis sent the miners back to work
last June. But this was truce"
to last only until October 81 unless
a satisfactory contract could be
worked out in the interim. That
deadline expires Sunday night, and
Mr.. Lewis has indicated that he will
not be satisfied with the terms of
the proposed contract which the
board outlined this week.
Mr.. Lewis takes the view, which
he has communicated to the district
presidents of the United Mine Work.
erS, that the boards proposals con-
template a cut in the miners basic
wage rates. He arrives at this conv
CluSion by including pay for travel
time in his analysis of the board
Plan, while excluding it from his
statement Of the basic rates. Since
the miners have never been paid for
travel time, however, it seems obvi-
ousiy improper for him to attempt
now to include such compensation
in any definition of basic rates of
pay. But that is what Mr.. Lewis has
done, and in telling the miners that
the Government is attempting to
reduce their pay scales the UNIV
chieftain apparently is inviting
general strike next vice..
In the face of this attitude on his
part, there is little to be gained from
a detailed discussion of the boardS
decision. 1t should be pointed out,
however, that the board has made a
real effort to adjust such legitimate
grievances as the miners may have.
Last June the board was unwilling
to permit p2y for travel time to be
average. out" over the whole in
dustry, correctly contending that
this would amount to an outright
pay increase for those miners who
actually have no travel time In the
decision announced this week this
position apparently has been aban-
dOned in an attempt to find a work.
able formula for travel time pay.
AS a result of this, plus heightened
work week, the board held out to the
weekly earnings by SO TO a total of
SEQ a week.
One would expect this offer to
prove attractive, since Mr.. Lewis
principal bargaining claim has been
that the miners earned so little that
they could not buy enough food for
themselves and their families. But
that expectation apparently has no
foundation in fact. The miners, one
must presume, are determined to
take strike action despite the fact
that they now have opportunity to
earn nearly twice as much as they
were getting two years ago.
Should the strike materialize, its
effect on the war effort will be dis
aStrous. And since that is the case,
the people Of the country will be
waiting to see, first, whether the ad-
ministration is prepared to invoke
the penalty provisions of the Smith
Connally Act after it again takes
possession Of the mines. and, second,
whether these penalty clauses will
be effective if applied with determi-
nation.
Evening star., 1943-10-29

An Army tank in Baltimore COL
lided with streetcar and knocked
it off the track. Since then, how
ever, it has been announced that
this was just a local break through,
and that by a maneuver of disen-
gagement the line has been restored
Evening star., 1943-10-29

The city of Los Angeles proposes
to pay a bounty on rats, so much
for every tail turped in. The records,
presumably, will be kept in a rat
tail file.
Evening star., 1943-10-29

Most of Germany's ball-bearing
production is destroyed, but it is
thought that somehow or other the
Nazis will keep on rolling to defeat.
Evening star., 1943-10-29
Letters to the Editor

Letters to the Editor must
Dear the name and address of
the 1rriter, although the use of
pseudonynl for publication is
permissible. The Star reserves
the right to edit all letters 1uith
q uie'o to condensation.
Evening star., 1943-10-29

In an attempt to popularize cotton
stockings, 1t is claimed that they
have no runs. The trouble is, they
also make no hits.
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1943-01-08
Further Cut
In Petroleum
Held Likely

Washington. Jan &.-(APD the
petroleum industry war council dc
clarcd today that despite the strong
measures taken recently (" cut gaSu-
line and fuel oil consumption in the
east. further action must DO taken
To avert SERIOUS hardShips IN many
places during January and Feb
TiIHry.
Tho council adopted report nf
its economics committee saying that
even II stocks lin certain areas were
drawn upon during January anG
February IN . further attack on tho
eastern problem. tho hardShipS still
would DC inevitable unless. Tor =
short period" ono OF tho following
steps were taken.
/. More military requirements
can bc taken from sources other than
the cast coast"
2. IN few more tankCrS can he
spared without impairinG our first
responsibility of supplying our mil
itary forces and Olir allies with the
petroleum products they need"
New tankcrs." The committee said.
might spend their brcaking-in pc
riodS carrying oil from the gulf coast
To the east coast, which would have
the advantage Of facilitating repairs
and adjustments
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1943-01-08
Mine Group
Is Called
Governing Body of
Anthracite Industry Is
Summoned in Move to
End Wildcat Strike

WilkcSBarrc. Pa. IAN. -
(AP - The Committee Of
Twelve. governing body Of the
Strikc-cripplc anthracite indus
try. was called into emergency
session today in Il move To crd
wildcat strike Of $4,000 miners
which has closed Is major col
Iicrics aud caused growing
hard coal shortage in the oil-ra-
toned northeast.
Solid Fuels Coordination iCiiCS haC
urged the group "a arrange {
prompt resumption Of work." Hi
appeal was tclcgraphcd TO both JOIN
l.. Lewis. president Of the Unitcc
Workers. and William IngliS. prCsf
dent of the Glen Alden Coal CO.. tho
largest anthracite produce.
The committee. which negotiated
bargaining contracts an,
fixed policies for the industry. /.
made up Of six union leaders anr
six operators. II arranged 10 mcc
in the Philadelphia office of th,
and Reading Coal anC
Iron co.
The strikers demand 81 da,
wage increase and u cut of 10 cent,
Il month III union dues.
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1943-01-08
Civilians
Evacuated
From Kzhev
Fall of Rostov Would
Cut OFF 100000 to
100000 Germ a n
Troops in Caucasus;
Retreating Nazis Burn
Villages
By Thc l."tDc,oi,d Pre-.

(BH Th' l."Dc'"i'd PrcaD
Russia victorious armies.
ripping through Il wait Of Ger
man resistance with tanks and
planes. were reported t. hav,
advanced today within 90 mli",
of tn" great German basr AZ
RoHt"v, on the Iu&cr npn river.
and fer the first time Berlin
admitted naZi r"Ncr%"s in the
bitter struggle.
The fall of RnStuI, gateway
to the faUcHSuS, would Cut Off
German forces unofilClaliy CStI-
mated ut between boo. 900 ant
l.oon.rOO troops.
~ the same time i British
broadcast said the Germans mad
announced the evacuation of the
civilian population o.! RAhcv. key
nazi citadel 100 mil"- northwest
OF Moscow, aS "a prcrIutinnary
measure
Dispatches from Moscow said Bu,-
sian forces -wcCp..- along D.In
banks of the lower Don rly"r. -lj,
ported by planes blasting % path !ul
their tanks. had ,mas he'd an At. APT
by hard pressed German troop, t..
form new defense line and were
driving ahead toward Rustuv.
The thrust 10 ~ point only ia miic,
from ROStov represented a tcu-miIp
gain since yesterday.
Front Inc advlccs .apd the Gcy-
mans were battling desperately t.
keep open u corridor INTO TN" Gait
CaSUS. bu; declared the Red Amy
was steadily batl"rIuG It's way
through maSScd tanks ana infantry.
lIitlcrS armies of the tiuca.
~, YEARLY SloEginG down the
long road back. were rrportrI
burning villages and scattering
thousands Of land mines ~ an
effort To stop the triumphant
SovictS.
Our troops are Dr"H;n@ tine ru.
SiStancc of the enemy ana Hap.".
out his manpuwcr. Cuul,uU" lo I'D
vance, the Russian command ui.
referring " The lower Don offensive.
simultaneously u Reuter- G!!.f..n
news agency dispatch from NusrD,
reported that Russian tronp, .w,.p-
nG westward across the 'ln' ui
barren kaimyCk St"ppr& in 'uo C..l.
rJ~uS had raId within 10 wIIr. ,I
junction with u"rthD"uud Sp.Hci
Cuiumu-
Other urnInl Development.
Aerial wHrlar" Allied BONNER,
Nma.r ,ug at hnih SIDE. of lI''lrl'.
"EmppCan irrtrc-.' attacked v..'.
"ru Germany overnight and h"a.rrJ
- ,t
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1943-01-08
Reds Cain In Drive For R0st0v
Backs
Pay-As-Go
Tax Proposal

Washington. Ian. @-(AP)-
President Roosevelt gave hi APP
proval today Ia u pay-a,-you-g
tax plaT. but qualified his in
durScmCni by laying there was a
big problem involved.
The real problem IN al pay
aS-y"u 60 plans and their mod
ficatI"ns. hc told - press confer
cnCc. is whether the government
Will forgive Il part or all Of cur
rent take. due.
II tins j. done. nc said the
poor old Treasury would be out
"i pocket that much.
Th"I" w;'S q lengthy discus
SION "n whether the Treasury
would l." "IIi immediately. or
whether At. l".., would hc over q
period 81 year.. n3d IN" Chief
E>""'I':'" finally agreed that
pr"h'ii" tn" In., would extend
-. 60 'hr Ia g. "t Ill prc.cm, tax
payers
'''l".'. " prr'I"u on all of cur
rent 'HH"s ~" cancelled ON "A
mn !" - ptv.:''- yrI; - tax plan,
Mr.. kn"SC",lt said IaX payer
W"r'i br "r lrrui'" with the
difficulty at paying present
IaN"~ and 81 - ,avinc ahead for
next year taxes.
Nj Ra"-rl"r Laughed and re-
marked that probably every
icI' tho sam" way when a re-
porter interrupted e complicated
Hm"s'E"m +" saying he did no,
want To- get thing too involved.
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1943-01-08
Speed, Wins
Much Praise
Congress- en- Note
'Conciliatory' Tone of
Presidents NJ e age
and Ponder Meaning

Washington. Jan. 8.-(AP)-
\ Congress which exhibited I'M
usual bipartisan approval ui
President ROOScvcltS rOad-to-
victory message noted furthc,
today what many members call
cd the "conciliatOry" tone of the
Spccrh and pondcrcd its sig
nificancc.
Many Republicans Joined the De-
m"ClaiN in predicting the restrained.
acknowledgement wording on domestic
questions would go far toward
strengthening prospects for unity IN
the ncWly-SWOrn legislature. One Re
publican asked the question whether
TN" President had not cast his hat
IN The ring for - fourth term.
While In" comment on the con-
cIlIniory nature of the address did
moi contend that tho Chief Executive
was needing last NuVcmbcr'S cleo
ii"n results. some informed lCgiSla-
tors expressed the belief privately
that Nh. Roosevelt was attaching
~ cater weight Z" The CnunSCllinC of
conservative members 0f his party.
This. they SAID, was evidenced by
the manner III which ne advocated a
broader 'oCIIl security system for all
Americans.
TIL" Srndi" Wa IN recess today
until Monday. but RCpDIhIlChmS plan
ned Il party conference Ia rc-ClcCt
Secretary MCNIrv ni Oregon as lead
90. Senator BIIklCv of Kentucky was
renamed Tho minority leader at -
Democratic conference yesterday.
Tho House arranged meeting 10.
day. bat only To- listen 10 - few
-i""Ch". and 20 through the for
Inhlriy Of rItIiYIuc six Democratic
NdCancI". 81 IN" important ways and
means commute" filled ~ party con-
terence yesterday.
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1943-01-08
Woman Held
For Murder

hShcvillC. Jan. 8-(NP)-Shcrin
+. ID. Dalton Of Henderson county
said today nc was holding Mrs. w.
w. Sims. 80, operator 70 the Pcacoci;
Tavern near the AShCvillc-H cndcr-
Sonvillc airport, on a charge of MUIR
der IN connection with the Staying
Of l.. &. Langston. Jr.. %. a sales
man.
Langston died yesterday in an
AShcvillc hospital.
Sheriff Dalton said Mrs. Sims
tclcphOncd him some hours after
LangstOn was shot and told him she
fired six shots at the salesman when
he attempted TO break in the second
floor room she occupies at the road
house about 80 a. m. Yesterday.
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1943-01-08
Resolution Introduced
Today Would Substi-
tute Majority Vote for
Two-Thirds Vote Now
Required; Few Other
Measures Offered

Raleigh. Jan. S.-(NP-Rcp-
rC>:'iitiiivc instead Oi Orange
inir"dn"cd Il resolution today To
amend rules - ana 81. dubbed
the sag rulc""." which require
iWo-third> vote before Il bill
may br Withdrawn from com
mittcc IN which referred and
before Il minority report Of Il
committee may he adopted sothc
bill may br placed upon the fa-
vnrablr calendar.
lmSiCId' resolution. sent tu the
taIlvc Gas. 90 FORSYTH J., chairman.
would substitute ii!" word major
ity" tor 'iWu-ihuds."
with thaI rXcrptiun. both the
house and senate received only
few bills and neither was in
session more than ten minutes.
The house adjourned until II a.
M. tomorrow and the senate IN
I'll 10 u. in.. viii! the understand
ing that only local bills would
bc introduced. Mondays sessions
viii begin at 4 %. IN.
The senate reserved u uctItIuu
from Ncr'I" Lace Sparks. Il bcauty
shop operator 81 Spruce Pines. IL
which she said tho beauty shop lu-
duS,ry faced Il crisis because of tn,
shortage al operators. We arc ask
ing you. She sad. ito help It's solve
this problem 10y giving us authority
and permission Ia train our own uD
orators irr the DURATION"
Tho senate appropriations commit
tee. after acting with unprecedented
Sw'iincSS. was ready 10 return To the
senate today with favorable rcuuIf
the bill directing the governor ana
council "i state to set up post -waI
reserve fund Of So. OOO.OOO.
Thus Governor Bruughtpn got las
(COnt'rrcd on Page Thrce)
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1943-01-08
Warplanes
Sink Ships
Fro1nConvoy
Two Big Transports
Sunk, Third Damaged,
18 Jap Fighter Planes
Destroyed in Attack
on Flotilla Off New
Guinea Coast
(HB the ASSDCjufrd PycSs)

'f'D ~ si''''' f''' ~ - ny
General Douglas MacArthur's
headquarters announced virtual
completion of the bitter Papuan
campaign in New Guinea today,
with the annihilation of a Jap
anrSc army that once totaled
1000 trOrpS. even as allied
""arplancS smashed at the rem
nantS of Il tcn-Ship Japanese
convoy off the New Guinea
north coast.
Meanwhile. the Navy in Wash
ingion reported that 4. 5. Army
air forces again blasted the
Japanese bases at KiSka. i'm The
Nlcutian islands off Alaska, and
al Munda, in the Solomon is
lands.
Dispatches from the New Guinea
front said allied planes carried out
Il Shuttlc-ScrviCc attack on Japan
G." sCa-Dornc rcinlorCcmcntS approx
lmaicly 100 miles north Of the Pap
uan sector. making more than 81
s"'iIc' ~ tn" opening phases Of the
battle.
After a running 2i-hour battle,
General Macarthur listed these
blows inflicted on the enemy
convoy and its aerial defenders:
!. Two big transports sunk, in
Guiding Il Ii.0O0-ton ship "hcav-
lily loaded" with Japanese troops.
,. 4 third transport heavily
damaged, Int by 5O0-pOund
bomb.
:. Eighteen Japanese fighter
planes definitely destroyed. five
probably destroyed. four others
damaged.
Presumably thousands of japanese
lost their lives in the sinking Of
the two large transports, one Of
which sank with its entire load dur
ing night bombing attack.
ON the paplan front. allied head
quarters said Japanese Survivors
trapped at Sanananda Point faced
certain destruction" and announced
that the primary object of the cam
REORGANIZATION of Lieutenant
General TomHiorc TI"rilS army
could now bc considered accom-
plI>hcd.
An allied cumnrnlquc listed lO7
Japanese warShipS and merchant
vessels destroyed or severely dam
aged since July 23-two days after
tho Japanese first landed ON Buna--
and reported 333 enemy aircraft dc.
Str"ycd, 81 others probably destroyed
and III damaged.
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1943-01-08
Umstead Would Amend
Gag Rules Of House
Allied Convoy
Reaches Port

London. Jan. &.-(Ap) The
announced today thai an
aIiICi convoy had rctcucd MORN.
ku-=i;In ports without los ur
damage after Il hot naval action;
previously reported December
81
The convoy was ailaChyd by
a greatly superior enemy force
Thought I" consist ui one puChUi
hIill"@hIp. uuv cruiser and =
nlurO,! al dcslr"yCr- uii North
Cape. al the CNirCmC north of
Norway, the admiralty sad.
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1943-01-08
CHILD KILLED

GHSiunII. Jan. r. (AP) - Harold
Edward Grant. four, oi Cramcriou.
died IN u local hospital this morning
of accidental gunShot wounds.
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1943-01-08

CONTINUED OH Page twOl
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1943-01-08

ccm'nunl n Page tWp)
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1943-01-08

rC"ni'um"l on Page tV"uJ
La gaceta., 1943-05-25
Ell CUENTO MEJICANO
Por JOSE ALVARADO

Cualquier canine resulta bueno
para encontrar los defectos de la
novela m~exicana, cualGuiera, STEM
pre- que quien 10 recorra 10 haga
| con dignidad y con a~pasionada no.
bleza, porque toda la obra novel
de los mexicanos-en gene
raj de todos los hispanoamerica-
nos, para decirlo con mas exacta
amplitud- ofrece una serie de
cuarteaduras, de regiones blandas
Y debiles, de detalles f%rustrados
que son a veces atribuidos con de-
masiada prisa a simples errores
o titubeos del oficio; pero que, So
bre TODD en- ell case de los grandes
novelistas como Gallegos o Azue-
la. obedecen a causas mas compile
las, incluso a ciertas caracteris-
ticas de la cultura americana, a
la supervivencia de ciertos mitos
positivistas Y laicos que sobrevl-
ven, no inexplicablemente, sino
por una razon que puede encon-
trarse con un POGO de cuidado, en-
el aire americana Y tai vez tam
bien -habria que verlo- a csc
abono tan facil y c6modamente
peligroso que dej6 en- la TERRA de
America Espanola, aquel desen-
fadado crecimiento de la floresta
romantica.
Pero con toda seguridad que un
util rodeo para entrar por alguno
de esos caminos es n incursion
en- los humildes y modestos rinco-
mes del cuento. Puede pues encon-
trarse ell curioso hecho de que ell
cuento es precisamente la contra
partida de la novela en- America.
De una manera especial, en- la IL
teratura mexicana cure que ell
cuento saliva airosamente todos
los riesgos que hacen vacilar y re-
b~landecerse a la novela.
Lo primera que Sc advierte es
que ell cuento representa- la prime
ra victoria importante de la lite
ratura mexicana contra ell enfasis
contra la viciosa peculiaridad que
Marinello denomin6 ciertamente
'1a exuberancia americana, que
ha sido ell enemigo mejor pertre-
chado de esa especie de ANGER dei
estilo, raiz y flor de demagogia.
Ha sido en- este pequeno reclnto
donde la prosa mexicana primer
pia a depurarse y donde aprende
eli valor de los medios tonos y de
la voz tranuila.
Esto solo bastaria va para en-
frentar ell cuento a Ia noVeia' Tan
degalinada cast siempre, tan muer
ia a wees en- un academismo que
de cobarde ACADIA en- indiscreto y
bueco. tan fugitivamente vaporo-
sa cuando Sc deja llevar por ei
La gaceta., 1943-05-25
PELIGRO DE LAS FLORES

"Las flores del romero, TODD el
mundo sabe,, excepto la nina lsa-
bel", que 'hoy son flores azules''
Y que manana pueden ser miel 81
Dios no 10 remedia.
Las rosas, nadie ignora que ia
edad que les da ell cielo" es ape
mas un "corto y fugaz vuelo".
Flores de differences classes pue-
den ser tocadas por personals Gu
va vida sea "un erial" Y desho-
iarse Embellishments.
Las flores que estan situadas a
las orillas de un arroyuelo puro,
mans v lento" pueden perder su
c~xistencia v sus dolores ante la
~presencia de Galatea.
Otro case, los nardos pueden ser
amasados para constituir la tez de
los gitanos o utilizado simplemen-
tie por la luna para su proplo po-
lis6n, cosa que no debe ser muy
agradable, cuando esta sonora
"baja a la fragua".
Las flores rojas a menudo to-
man parte en- guerras civiles, asun
to b~astante incomodo y peligroso.
Las azucena suelen generalmen-
tie quedarse virgenes y ~solteronas'
v los claveles, 81 son "varoniles' ,
co~nvertirse en- voces-tal vez-de
muerte.
La vida de las flores no es tan
agradable y facil como a primera
vista pudiera creerse.
iEsta Hacienda listed Su Parte!