davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-11-04

they retain a confidence in ultimate
victory which gives them the will
to carry on. 1t is going to take the
truth, recorded in the form of self
evident military defeats, to shake
Japan'S civilian morale.
In the field, however, in the
opinion of Raymond P. Cronin, who
has been held at Manila, the Japa-
neSe military men, knowing the
facts, are convinced that they have
lost the war There is no doubt
that they will fight to the end, but
their faith in victory, once SO strong,
has disappeared.
Mr.. Cronin cites one interesting
bit Of evidence in support of this
conclusion. Wherever they may be,
he says, Japan's military men are
endeavoring to sow the seeds of
brotherhood among the Asatic
races, hoping that Japan may have
the opportunity some twenty five
years hence to lead another war
against the white race.
This is in perfect harmony with
the japanese character. Certainly,
they will never become resigned to
defeat. No matter how decisively
they may be beaten in this war. we
may be sure that, given the chance,
they will rise up to fight again.
Evening star., 1943-11-04
THIS AND THAT
BIZ Charles E. Trace1Uell.

chewed the top out OF each ear and left
it to rot, the ever-ready ants finishing
the job.
1--WE used to watch one bold fellow
who visited the community gardens each
evening at sunset. He would emerge
with Well-filled ear he had plucked
for his supper, carry it across the street
and settle down in our driveway to
eat it.
After peeling the husks back with
his teeth, he would balance the ear
humanwise In his paws, clipping off row
after row of kernels with his teeth. A
Walt Disney creature could not have
equaled his methodical dispatch, for
within few moments Mr.. Squirrel had
retreated, bright-eyed and bushy-tailed,
into his home in the tall sycamore and
a kernel remaining lay in the drive as
a clew to the identity Of the robber.
The gardeners took their losses with
what grace they could muster. After all,
corn was squirrel food, but when squir-
rels plucked their ripest tomatoes, ap-
parently for the mere sport of the
plucking, took one bite and threw them
on the ground, squirrel popularity hit
an all-time low
'NelghbOr reminded neighbor that the
little beasts were rodents even as rats
fluffy tails notwithstanding AS the to-
mato crop was sufficiently heavy to
allow for the venturesome animals
do ;,o oL1
the situation was not so disastrous as
with the corn. But l don't believe the
frollcsome squirrels are being invited to
partake al the birds feeding stations
this season.
L wish to thank you for your chatty.
informative column It's unique value
for me lies in the fact that the nature
observations are local. Books take in
the whole country, but Washington is
your bailiWick and you know its every
aspect. May you continue to take jov
in the world about you and to share it
with your readers
Most sincerely yours, G. L. B."
=
We believe our correspondents bird to
be blue gray gnatcatcher.
This bird is Az inches long with
upper parts blush gray, underparts
whitiSh. The tail is long and sticks up
something like a Wren's tail
Usually four or five eggs are laid in
neat nest whose interior is about IL
inches in diameter. These eggs are
greeniSh, speckled with chestnut The
eggs are usually somewhat smaller than
"a large olive but that would depend.
OF course, upon ones conception of what
a large olive might be-
The nest is usually placed about Is
feet from the ground on a branch and
can be seen easily when it is first made.
but later when the leaves come out it
is completely concealed
Kinglets and gnatcatchers are related
species, as pointed out here recently,
and, in turn, are related 10 the thrushes.
They are fine musicians. but in the case
OF the blue gray gnatcatcher the singing
voice is SO weak that it can be heard
only at short distance
These birds, as their name would in
dlcate. are insect eaters. They consume
many leat-eating larvae and plant lice.
Evening star., 1943-11-04
SHEPHERD STREET.
Dear Sir:

Dear Sir:
Il hope you will be able to identify,
from the meager data l am able to sup
ply, the little gray mystery bird which
has puzzled us all summer.
Living on the eastern edge of Rock
Creek Park, half mile from Pierce
Mill, many varieties Of birds frequent
our yard.
"On May 19 our pair of birds about
inches overall length from head to
tail established themselves on a small
nest 3 inches in diameter containing
three pale-green eggs mottled with
purple and about the size of large olives.
They seemed not to mind communal
living with pair of robins Matching out
a nestful of eggs on the branch imme-
dately below in the same small pine
tree.
Extremely shy of humans, the father
posted himself in nearby oak and
sounded a shrill warning whenever we
approached the pine.
The mother would then fly off the
nest, making an agitated circle to lead
us away, then join her mate in the oak
until we had quit the yard AS their
nest was less than 6 feet from the
ground, and the robins only feet,
neither set of parents had displayed
much caution in choosing site.
The gray pair never became used TO
our working in the adjacent flower bed
although the robins were not nearly SO
apprehensive.
We never had opportunity to note
differences in the appearances of the
mates. Outstanding characteristic was
the very pale gray breast with darker,
perhaps black indstinctly barred wings
and tail.
"A dark line over one eye gave
cOcky air, further accentuated by the
engaging sprightlneSs of every perky
movement.
Tail was rather long for such small
birds No crest Beak was pleasinglv
clean cut but neither stubby nor long
Except for their cries of alarm, we have
never heard them sing, although with
mocking birds giving daily, snowy re-
citals, other birds seemed to lose heart
and voice
"Whethcr or not this is sufficient to
identity the bird 10 you. will you be so
kind as TO recommend a practical bird
identification guide book for the city,
bred bird lover, one indexed as to cOlors
Of birds?
Il have watched your column in the
hope that you would mention several
TO your readers. After investing IN a
huge volume OF beautiful color plates,
only TO find even our old friend. the
robin unrecog nizable from his picture I
should greatly appreciate your advice
before choosing another.
Your defense Of squirrels is timely
and much needed. as YOU undoubtedly
realize, Nesting in the tall forest trees
in our neighborhood they are plentiful
and were much beloved until in August
their depredations on Victory garden
corn were so thorough going that gar
deners pulled their corn out by the roots.
Squirrels nimbly climbed the stalks,
Evening star., 1943-11-04
Pontine Dancer

Associated Press reports from Italy
indicate that the Germans have
flooded the Pontine marshes. What
that may mean possibly will not be
clear to the average American reader
until he is made familiar with the
history of the Swampy lowlands
referred to- The area lies about
twenty-five miles southeast of Rome.
Its width varies from six to ten miles
and its length from eighteen to
thirty. The Tyrrhenian Sea is one
boundary, the Monti Lepini another.
Even in very early times the whole
region was known to be unhealthful.
Its reputation for malaria traces
back for centuries.
Nobody can be sure how the
marshes got their name. Tradition
says that the Volscians long ago
possessed the Ager Pometinus and
by elaborate engineering made it
habitable and fertile" But the
Romans conquered and DESTROYED
thirty three of their cities in 358
BIC. and the land soon became
dangerous" The famous Appian
Way, built by Appius Claudius. was
constructed across it's treacherous
sands in 312. Cethegus attempted
to drain the neighborhood about l6O
and Julius Caesar planned to solve
the problem by turning the Tiber
River into the territory Augustus
believed that canals would help, and
Nerva, Trajan, Theodore and no less
than eighteen popes attempted to
better onditions-largely in vain.
1t was not until 1899 that any real
progress was accomplished Benito
Mussolini, let it be remembered to
his credit, pushed the work vigor-
ouSly after 1922 1t was announced
on the tenth anniversary of his
assumption of power that fifty
thousand acres had been reclaimed
and were under cultivation. Among
the new towns established in the
Pontine district were Littoria and
Terracina.
The cost Of the modern campaign
to dry up the marshes, of course, was
prodigiouS. If the investment now
Is lost by reason of the Nazis' delib-
crate inundation, the circumstance
Evening star., 1943-11-04
Hunter

From cleuer clan and quantity
drd1Dn
Within the scarlet frame OF doWn
So lean and hunorily he stood
Part and parcel OF piney ,Dood,
I ,oas fustered at first to find
That he 10as real and not OF mind
The last long-hunter OF the hills.
His eyes ,Oould out a bobcats stare,
He's spiked to death an old she-b
But only smoky hills and sun
KneW all the things that he had
done,
For naught he spoke and his guns
sharp say
flushed high in the hills and far
d1Day-
The last long-hunter of the hills.
JAY WEST.
Evening star., 1943-11-04
Recipe for Applesauce
Without Sugar Provided.

To the Editor of The Star:
In these days, when fruit sauces have
become less available your readers may
like to make old-fashioned boiled cider
applesauce very palatable,, which re-
quires nothing but sweet cider and
apples, no sugar or spices, in the making.
Take gallon of sweet cider, as sold
by groceries, and boil it down three and
half measures into one by slow fire
in wide open kettle or pan. Cut S
pounds OF tasty apples, such as wine
Saps or similar kinds, into quarters
Stew the apple pieces in the boiled
cider until soft, but not mushy, over
slow fire
Two or three quarts of boiled cider
applesauce results. which keeps indefi-
nitely in the refrigerator Or sealed in
cans. Its favor improves for several
days as the boiled cider more thor
oughly permeates the apples. 1t goes
we'll with bread or doughnuts, and my
old uncle in New Hampshire would even
spread it over q plate of hash
@. G. ABBOT.
Evening star., 1943-11-04

will be tragic-not merely In money,
but also in human lives. The flood
ing of the Pontine depression in
evitably signifies the return of the
Anopheles maculipinnis, the mos
quito which over the ages has killed
more people than all the wars that
ever were fought.
Evening star., 1943-11-04
Answers Minnesota Advocate
OF Cutting Children's RatiOns.

10 lne kalloF OF Ihe Star.
Apparently Mrs. Charles Smith of
Hopkins, Mimi, who advocated in The
Star the cutting of ration points for
children has no children of her own. If
she did have she would realize that
normal, healthy child in order to remain
SO needs and eats more than the average
adult. A child has not only to replace
fuel burned by constant, intense activity,
but also to furnish material for building
body by growth. An adults body is
already built and all he has to furnish
1t is fuel on which to operate
points as he consumes quantities of
canned foods, milk. vegetables. soups,
fruit, etc. A MOTHER OF TWO.
Evening star., 1943-11-04

Way back in 1893 a German was
arrested in this country who claimed
to have divine mission to rule our
land. His name was Lungedder
but there may have been a con-
nection with the Schickelgruber
family somewhere along the line.
Evening star., 1943-11-04

Newspaper scanners are aware Of
two events Of earth-s shaking i'm
portance-a global war involving
most of mankind, and a Sordid
murder trial down in a small Ba-
haman island.
Evening star., 1943-11-04

Remember those good old davs
when, as you entered barber shop
three or four tonsorial artists sprang
expectantly to their feet in order
that you might make a selection?
Evening star., 1943-11-04
Letters to the Editor

Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address of
the 1rriter. although the use of
a pSeudOnym for publication is
permissible. The Star reserves
the right to edit all letters 1rith
a rie1C to condensation.
Evening star., 1943-11-04

Q. What composer died from the ef-
fects of dropping baton on his foot?-
P. L.
A. JeanBaptiste Lully. While direct
ing "Te Deum" on January g. 1887,
with rather long baton. he injured his
foot so seriously that cancerous growth
resulted which caused his death on
March %.
Evening star., 1943-11-04
!. What is an atoll?-S. S.

Q. What is an atoll?-S. S.
A. The term denotes a ring shaped
coral island, inclosing lagoon. Christ
mas Island is the largest atoll in the
Pacific, being more than 100 miles
around
Evening star., 1943-11-04

Q. What tree was given funeral ora
ton when 1t died?-L. IN.
A. When the Charter Oak, giant tree
believed to be nearly 1000 years old. was
blown down in a storm on August Il,
1856, great crowds gathered to bid 1t
farewell and to listen to n funeral
oration.
Evening star., 1943-11-04

Q. Has the alloy in the new scent
piece ever been used before in COIN
age?-W. P
A. The alloy has never before been
used in the United States or any other
country for coinage.
Evening star., 1943-11-04

O. What is the least elevation from
which paratroops can Jump safely?-
B. E. F.
A. The War Department says that
paratroops cannot jump very we'll below
300 or 400 feet because they land too
last. The minimum ceiling from which
they jump is about 400 feet.
Evening star., 1943-11-04

@. What musical show has had thu
longest run?-E. P. S
A. 'Hellzapoppin" is the longest-run
musical show in the history of the
theater
Evening star., 1943-11-04

@. When did Barnum first move his
circus by train?-L. c.
A. In 1872 P. T Barnum purchased IS
railway cars, painted in brilliant colors,
and began touring the country by rail.
Previously he had used 500 horses 70
town to town
Evening star., 1943-11-04

@. Does any portion of the ancient
dukedom of Normandy still remain in
British hands ?-R o. c.
A. No. The Channel Islands. occu-
pied by Germany in 1910, formed the last
remnant of the ancient dukedom re-
naming in British hands since 1866. the
year in which William Duke of Nor
mandy became William 1 of England.
Evening star., 1943-11-04
Hoskin's Answers
To Questions
By Frederic J. Hdskin

Many readers send in questions to
the Information Bureau signed only
1Dith initials, asking that the ANSWERS
appear in the newspaper. The space
is limited and Would not accon,n,o-
date fraction OF such requests. Be-
sides, the subject matter is often too
personal to be OF general interest.
Send your question to The Euenino
Star Information Bureau, Frederic J.
Hasktn, Director, Washington, d. c.
Inclose stamp for return postage.
Evening star., 1943-11-04

@. What kind of gem is the Star OF
Indla?-D. F. E
A. This is the largest known cut sap
phire. 1t is pale blue in color. II inches
in diameter and is in the collection of
the American Museum of Natural His
tory. The early history of the stone il
unknown, but it is believed TO have been
found at least 800 years ago.
Evening star., 1943-11-04

@. Who created the Diving Swan"
Pavlowas S famous dance?-E. L. H.
A. The late Michel Fokine II was
created originally for a student per-
formance in ST. Petersburg now Lenin-
grad.
Evening star., 1943-11-04

O. Are there any people who hiber-
nate?-G. G.
A. Human beings do not hibernate.
However there are reputedly certain
Russian peasants who retire 10 a SON.
nolent condition in winter. sleeping al
most constantly. eating little and NOV
ing only to drink a swallow of water or
replenish the fire. This condition re-
sembles Information.
Evening star., 1943-11-01
Mortar, U. S. Secret Weapon,
Has Power of 155-mn. Gun

in three minutes. and can pour out
shells comparable to the 155 nm
every two seconds.
1t was developed by the Chemical
Warfare Service, which believes the
rif1ed, muzzle- loading weapon holds
an authoritative answer to any
threat of chemical warfare. Besides
artillery uses, the mortar can also
be used for demolition.
The weapon was built by the Bell
company, a family-oWned former
match plant, after exhaustive prov
ing ground tests. In its expansion
which brought the Army-Navv T
award the company drew in-alI
sworn to secrecy-a country clut
golf pro, former beauty supplies
salesman, flour dealer, grocery clerk
and Vice President E. Paul Bell
who closed his art studio to return tc
the plant.
The gun has seen action in al
major war theaters, in the South
west Pacific, on Attu and in North
Africa and Italy.
Evening star., 1943-11-01
Colorado Governor Ready
To Raise Milk Prices
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
DENVER, Nov. 1.-Gov. John C.
Vivian said yesterday he is ready
to use my authority at a moment S
notice to assure fair prices to milk
distributors, regardless of OPA CELL
ings.
Dairymen serving Denver. Colo
RADIO Springs and Pueblo, the three
largest Colorado cities, announced
earlier they would divert their milk
supply to other markets unless price
relief were forthcoming.
The Governor Republican, said
he would invoke authority under the
public health laws to prevent the
threatened stoppage. The milk is
going to be distributed in these cit
les, and I will see the distributors get
a fair price"
Attorney General Gail L. Ireland
said he would advise Gov. Vivian to-
day that he has authority to order
"a fair profit"
Evening star., 1943-11-01
Private Business Tops
War Fund Collections
From u. 5. Agencies
Percentage Figures Show
Unusual Situation, With
TotoI $3.50, 900 Short

Competition between divisions
of Community War Fund solicl-
tors grew kcener today as cam
paign headquarters announced
that private business office work
erS for the first time had col
lected proportiOnately more than
solicitors in the huge Federal
agencies.
The total Of the drive. meanwhile
stands at S3,5l9834 OBS per cent
OF the S4.8c0Q00 quota More gains
will be reported tomorrow at II &c
pm. in the United States Chamber
Of Commerce.
Business and Finance Division
solicitors, operating in all private
business Offices of more than sever
employees. have collected II Fer cent
OF their quota of SI.35O.OO0. They
have only s330,408 more to go.
Government solicitors have col
lectcd 76 per cent of their quota
OF $2,400000. They have s704 .OOC
more to get.
Picture May Change Tomorrow.
Heretofore Government solicitors
have consistently led workers in prl-
Vate business Offices. The situation
NAV change again at the general re-
port meeting tomorrow, however
officials emphasized
Best percentage of all is the ST.
per cent of quota collected by Ad.
vance Gifts Division workers. who
started the campaign about Weel
before the other two divisions
Metropolitan Division which entered
the field last, has collected 46 pei
cent of its quota
Montgomery County still lead.
suburban fund teams with 3S pei
(See WAR FUND, Page A-18D
Evening star., 1943-11-01
Bl the A Soclated Press


OSHKOSH, Wis, Nov. l.
America S secret weapon-a A.
inch mortar with the power of a
l55-millimeter gun-is holding
its own, employees of the COM
pany that makes the gun found
out today.
Some details of its performance
we're revealed by Col Harry R. Leb-
kicher head of the 9th Service
Command S Chemical Warfare Serv-
ice in commendatlon to employees
of the Bell Machine Co.
The manner in which these NOR
tars-America S secret Weapon-are
performing should be the pride OF
every American citizen" Col. Leb-
kiCher said
Col Lebkicher said artillery Off
GERS have elevated the weapon above
the famous French rs of the last
war. 1t can be carried by its crew
to an advanced position, assembled
Evening star., 1943-11-01
Mason Warns of u. S. Control
If Liquor Men Sell to Outsiders

both the House and Senate advocat-
ing Government control
Personally Mr.. Mason declared.
Il believe in free enterprise with
the least governmental control. but
if the practices reported are true
governmental control would be
justified and the liquor industry
would have nobody but itself to
blame.
Il trust every effort will be made
by wholesalers and retailers of
liquor to confine all their sales to
residents Of the District of Columbia
Il would dislike very much
philosophically and otherwise, to
sponsor governmental control, but
shall do so unless sales to non-resi-
dents are stopped"
Mr.. Mason said 1t was his opinion
that is was up to the retailer to know
to whom he was selling.
Evening star., 1943-11-01

Commissioner Guy Mason
warned the District liquor in
dustry today that unless sales
to nonresidents are stopped" he
would back legislation for gov
ernmental control.
Mr.. Mason said he had been in
formed that a great deal of alco-
holic beverages are being sold by
local retailers for distribution in
nearby States, contrary to the law
of those States"
The Commissioner. under whom
the Alcoholic Beverage Control
Board functions. said he had re-
ceived numerous complaints OF
residents of the District being un-
able to procure" liquor from local
retailers and said that he had re-
ceived proposals from members from
Evening star., 1943-11-01
Women Expected
To Take Big Role
In Elections
Voters Will Cast
Ballots Tomorrow
In Seven States

By he A soC3o.o0 Press
VOtcrS-porhapS most Of them
WOmon-WilI mark wartime bal
lots in Off-ycar elections in seven
States tomorrow, and political
leaders and fOreCaSterS will be
watching the results for possible
signs of d 1914 swing.
Observers aGIcr that many things
can happen between nov and next
years presidential contest that
might have a decisive effect on voter
thinking. but they will analyze the
returns mlnutclv IN al least four
States Just the same The realize
that 4 temporary advantage gained
by either party may be built up to
Withstand the jar OF subsequent
events OH public sentiment.
Chief national interest lies IN the
race for Lieutenant Governor in
New York, in which President
Roosevelt and Gov. Thomas E
Dewey are supporting opposing cam
,Con Ur rC,TroNc ~. =: 80
Evening star., 1943-11-01
Secretary Morgenthou
Back From Battle Area

By The Assoclated Press,
Secretary MorgenthaN returned
to the Treasury today after three
week tour Of Mediterranean battle
fronts to discuss fiscal problems
with Allied military leaders.
He was accompanied by Harry
D. White, Treasury monetary ex-
pert, and his confidential assistant,
Fred Smith.
The trip was made by air.
Evening star., 1943-11-01
House Tax Chiefs Vote
Boost Of One Centin
0ut- of.Town POSTAGE
General Admissions
Levy Put at 700,
Double Present Rute

BY ne Associated Press
An increase from 3 to q cents
IN charges on out-of town let
ters was voted today by the
House Ways and Means Com
mittee
The revenue group previously had
raised the local letter rate from ?
10 cents.
The committee decided to cut back
the alEnall rate from a tentatively
approved 10 cents to cents.
The present rate is s cents.
The committee also decided there
shall be no postage rate increases on
newspapers and church and religious
publications. but doubled all other
second-claSs postal charges.
The general admissions tax was
cut back to 20 per cent instead OF
the previously approved 30 per cent
The present rate is 10 per Get.
Will Raise Two Billions.
Chairman Doughton said the net
result was to reduce the amount OF
new revenue in the tax bill from
s2,l17000 900 to 81 2043 900 900.
The committee rejected a proposal
10 cut back its previously approved
ID per cent rate on local telephone
olIlS. The rate now is 10 per cent.
Inere still is a possibility the COM
mi,tee might reconsider its refusal
10 put eEclses on soft drinks. canGy
ana chewing gum. The Treasury
suggested S365,0OO 900 be collected
through levleS on these products.
The S2.00OO0O0OO in the bill
comes from the boost in postal rates
higher eNClSeS on luxury items and
an increase in the corporation eX-
cess profits tax from 90 to 95
per cent, The committee rejected
Treasury proposals to raise large
sums from additional individual and
corporation levieS.
Senate May Back House.
Strong indications developed over
the week end that the Senate would
JON the House in repudiatine the
administration on its call for more
ana higher taxes, with members OF
both parties placing the emphasis
on Government economy.
Chairman George of the Senate
Finance Committee said the WAYS
and Means group had rendered a
service to the country by cutting
back the Treasury's tax prgram. He
declared $1,000 100000 TO $4,000.
00000 could be saved by closer
checks on spending.
This break between the admins
tration and Congress on tax policy
caused revival Of reports that
Randolph Paul, Treasury genera
counsel. would resign Friends
quoted MI Paul as saying he hac
handled three tax bills before Con-
gress and that's enough for any
body"