davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-06-09

Francisco their countryman,
Harry Bridges, still prevents
the'full use OF much highly eff
cient machinery and many short
cuts because they eat up the
work too fast.
MR.. HEALY says:
THE only time lost
which can he attributed 10 the
wharf workers II that lost for
smoke-ohs or breaks because Of
rain. II Is not the practice 10
work during the heavy rain nm
less covers and protection arc
provided. Employers have besi-
tated to do this In the past be-
cause Of the cost involved"
Smoke-ohs apparently are
smoking periods and Mr.. Healy
says the day workers take a
half hour and the night workers
a full hour for this purpose and
thinks this improves efficiency.
Attempts have been made
by American people here to use
American soldiers and, in two
cases, we agreed to q number
OF soldiers receiving training on
the wharf prior 70 their pro-
ceeding to the battle area"
We might read that again,
too. The Australian Dockers
Union kindly let American sol-
diers practice on their docks so
that they could handle cargo in
the fighting zone where the
union longshoremen won't be
going.
But Mr.. Healy says. il has
been necessary ito take a firm
stand against the employment
of soldier labor on American
vessels TO the exclusion OF ci-
william labor"
General Macarthur has
agreed with the unions con-
tention and has given sssur-
ances In the matter but there
are some junior officers labor
baiters. no doubt who are still
DESTROYS Of putting this policy
into operation and we have tn
he constantly alert to prevent
the use III American forces"
by United Features syud.. Ia
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-06-09
Quick Questions

approximately how many mil
lions of tons of rain fall on the
earth'S surface each second
day and night?
In what country is Andalusia
A person who is aelureophobi5
suffers from what?
If you mixed yellow and blue
what would be the resultant
color?
What president was buried a.
Mt. Vernon, Va?
i-Who lived in a cave having {
magic door?
What island is called the Pear
of the Antilles
ANSWERS on Opposite Page)
When We risk no contradiction
1t prompts the tongue to deal
in fiction. John Gay.
Love is blind.
John Wycliffe.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-06-09

4 CSTRALIAN labor has been
"A strongly organized for many
years and the unions run the
country now by telephoned or
derS TO Prime Minister Curtin,
but our people have only a
vague notion Of the power of
the Australian unioneer.
That the longshoremen OF a
country so close under the guns
of the Jap. which IS crying TO
Americans 10 help stand off the
conquest. would refuse 10 un-
load American military cargo
because of rain or bubble over
jurisdictional questions is AL
most incredible but true, never
theleSs.
For proof Of this lei us not
take the word of any enemy Of
labor pro-Nazi or appeaSer
Let us, instead, refer to two
American union publications,
The Voice, official organ of the
Marine Cooks and Stewards.
and the Pilot. which expresses
the personality and pro-Com-
muniSt politics of Joseph Cur
ran. president OF the National
Maritime Union.
Both belong TO the Go.
In the Voice OF last Dec. Q.
one comes upon small item
published with great satiSfac-
ton by the cooks and stewards
because it compliments the
union crew Of an American YES
sci and particularly the chief
steward. for helping in the dis
charge of cargo. II consists Of
a letter from An American
major in Australia 10 the cap
tain OF an American merchant
ship.
DUT could II be that a lot Of
- husky Australian longshore-
men. those rough and hardy
giants those aggering
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-06-09

dent Of the University Of California
manship was seated on raised dais In the
middle of the room, Lenin in the middle with
Albrecht, young German Sparticist. on the
right, and Platten, Swiss, on the left.
Says Mr.. Ransome:
Everybody of Importance was there
Trotsky, Zinoviev, Kamenev, Chichirin, Blu
charm, Karakhan, Ltvinov, Vorovsky, Sick
low, Rakovsky, representing the Balkan So
ciaIist Party; Skripnik. representing tho
Ukraine; Stang. a Norwegian; Grimlund.
Swedish; Sadoul. French; Finberg, British;
Reinstein, American Socialist-I.abor Party; Q
Turk, a German-Austrian, q Chinese and
80 on"
An effort was obviously made to give the
gathering an international character, although
at this meeting and for all times subsequently,
Russian delegates Overwhelmingly predomi-
mated.
The object of the organization. as Mr.
Ransome says, was TO break definitely with
the Second International and with all mod
crate Socialist programs and parties.
After a few days of closed meetings. RAN
some says, all secrecy was dropped and an
extraordinary rally was held, to which an
enormous crowd was attracted.
At this meeting Lenn seemnly announced
the founding of the Third international in the
Kremn
The proceedings finished tip the next day
with review in the Red Square and a GEN
eral holiday
THE Third International, organized In
1 Moscow in March, 1919, and dissolved by
action of its executive committee on Nav %.
l943. was the active foreign propaganda in
strument Of the Russian Communist Party.
a m Uoe do
its membership an international character and
to secure the attendance of foreign delegates
to its congresses held in Moscow. at first
annually and then irregularly.
The pretense was kept up that il was a
truly private and international organization
for which the Russian government had no
responsibility and could dsavow its sinister
objects.
But actually system of interlocking d.
rectorates controlled the three organizations
Soviet government. Russian Communist Party
and Third International
The same men controlled all three. and
the same resources assured the financial
means of all three.
Inc immediate improvement OF the rela-
IONS OF the Russian government with all for
egn governments is related to the fact that
this fiction needs no longer to be recognized.
The fact that the organization was called
the Third International requires reference to
the first and second.
The First international was founded in
1864 by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels,
shortly after the issuance of their famous,
COMMUNIST MANIFESTO.
It's headquarters were in London. Marx
last home, and he became in fact. if not in
name, the head of its general council.
In the hands Of Marx, who was then at the
highest point of his sagacity and skill as revo-
lu'ionist' 1t made progress in spreading the
communist doctrine throughout the world.
II was definitely, and in accordance with.
Marx and Engels teaching international in
spirit and in purpose.
II had no respect for national patriotism,
or national frontiers, or for any government
then existing.
In his next article, on this page Tomorrow
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-06-09

WASHINGTON, June 8
w The government and la
Dor are proposing Wagner
Dungell bin TO bring security
10 the people OF this country
by taxing them $4,000, 000, 600 a
year on a promise To pay un-
employment. old age. medical
and maternity assistance to
those who need them IN UNI
certain future years.
ThiA $4,000. 100000 OF taxes
would be invested in govern
ment bonds. Thus il Is evident
that the Scheme will provide
no more assurance To any one
than the security of govern
ment bonds.
But the people Of this coun-
try already have invested their
savings periodically in govern
ment bonds not only toward
the winning of the war but 10
provide for themselves just eN-
actly what the AtL-govern-
ment plan proposes security
against old age, unemployment,
i'll health and maternity II
such a matter develops.
TT Is also clear therefore,
Il that a far greater assurance
of security could be obtained
today for all members of the
ALL and all other citizens by
government steps TO assure the
repayment of war bonds in
dollars worth just as much in
the purchase Of bread meat and
clothing, as the dollars they
have poured into these bonds.
These are the primary steps
TO gain security. although they
are not mentioned by the lib
erals promoting the taNlng-in-
SuranCe will O the wiSp. The
liberals pursue a distant Utopia.
while ignoring the abyss in
front OF them
This abyss is pointed out in
all It's dark depths and immcdi-
ate nearneSS I'm q new book by
the impartial authority, Harold
G.. Moulton OF the BrooklngS
Institution
1t Is entitled "The New Phi
.loSOphN of Public Debt 1t sets
forth the policy being SChcmCd
within the government by me
national resources planning
board. federal reserve board adj
wiser Alvin Hansen and qdNo-
Gates of the Keynes endless
debt theory Including appar-
emily also the capitaliStIc For
tune Magazine.
THESE people want ever
Il larger public debts. appar-
emily without limit. built on
and on by the deficit financing
of vast public works budgets.
They even believe the debt IS
not a debt as il is owed by
the people 10 The people
Or Moulton rightly concludes
such fantastic finance would de-
stroy the solid financial foun-
dation of this country. that in
ternatlonal reconstruction would
then rest on quickSand and he
could have said that all the
security Of the people would
thus be- destroyed
MIR. Roosevelt and Treasury
Secretary Morgenthau h aN q
taken the Moulton view. ! had
not noticed IT at the time. but
] Or. Moulton has discovered that
/ Mr.. Roosevelt said in ms 1894
budget that this prospective
war debt Of $4,000 100000
can and will be paid.
MOULTON also quotes Nor
vi genthaI
THE rise in federal debt
means that both principa
and interest must be paid later
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-06-09

In his next article, this page tomorrow
Gen. BarrOws will discuss why the original
MARKHAM Intern ational" failed
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-06-09
The World i'm Review
The Communist international Fart


Authority the University Of Cahfo
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-06-09

DUT could II be that a lot Of
- husky Australian longshore-
men. those rough and hardy
giantk those swagg ing
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-04-02
AThought for Today
War Shipping Problem

Figures just published by the War Department give added reason to ques- ton whether 1t is desirable to put 0,20OO0O men into uniform by the end of this year.
 Even with these figures it is not pos Bible to build up, for public information, a mathematical proof that would be hole proof. Part of the necessary material is known only to few very highly placed officials, and others cannot be printed without danger of giving aid to the enemy. However, from usable, generally known facts, the nature of the argument can be indicated clearly. Every soldier serving overseas, the Army reports, re- quires 82 pounds of cargo a day. This multiplies to IS tons year, Each Lib erty ship, making an average of three round trips year, can transport 15,000 tons year. That is, one Liberty ship must be kept shuttling back and forth across the oceans for every 1000 men we maintain overseas.
 To supply 25OOOOO expeditionaires would call for 2,500 vessels of l0,000-ton nominal capacity of 25,000,000 tons of shipping, There are few who know exactly how much shipping the United Nations now command. We are not of that select company. If we were, we should not feel privileged to mention the figure. But by synthetic process = using no figures and no logic not avail able to Axis intelligence - it is possible to estimate that virtually the entire cargo capacity of the United Nations today would be required to supply 2,500,000 American soldiers scattered from Eng land to Australia.
 So far as can be learned, we now are building ships faster than submarines are sinking them. To this extent We are building up our aggregate cargo capac- ity. But servicing our overseas army is not the only function of our cargo fleet. There is the actual transport of men abroad. There is leaSe-lend equipment and material to be taken to Britain, Rus Sia, China, and elsewhere in lesser quanti- ties. There is importation of raw mater ials, needed for war industry, from sources SO located that they cannot be brought as return load in Army cargo ships. If servicing an overseas force of 2,500000 would so strain our facilities, what is the purpose of an Army of 8,200,0 ,000 men? Is 1t the plan to assemble the Army and pray for some break? Would 1t not be wiser to keep as many men as possible turning out war material, building ships, growing food, until they can be used as soldiers within foreseeable future?
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-04-02
Food, Gas and New Working Hours

Wartime regulations will affect closing and opening of most of our industrial plants. New hours will also be observed in mercantile establishments. All this is a result of conforming to the demand for forty-eight working hours. Ways and means are being considered to be cooperative in this as in all war measures.
 Gradually the home forces are being regimented, perhaps with some slight difficulty and with certain grumblings. Faced with food rationing there was at one time feeling of dissatisfaction, but today we are falling into line and If not liking 1t, we are tolerating it.
 Then the question of gas. Perhaps we have taken the restrictions on automobile driving harder than the curtailment of our sirloin and porterhouse steaks. As nation we do love to go riding. We are ambitious enough to want to go places, see more and more; and we are just lazy enough to want to use our cars for run hing all around town and just running around the corner. He admits we hate to give up our car riding. It's surpris- ing the number of people that always had money to buy gas but not for other things which might be regarded as just ag important.
 This week our working people are get ting their new working orders. Schedules have been worked out as well as they could be and those who work in the fac tories and offices and in the stores are accepting just one more drastic change in the new order of things.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-04-02
Shoes end Ships

Few of us realize the enormlty of the ship industry in this country. Statis- tics given out this week on the l942 out put tell something of the industry at the present time. And 1043 is to be twice that of l942 so it is said. The produc- ton has been stepped up to such an extent that the output leaped from over seven hundred thousand tons in June, 1042, to over one million tons deadweight in December, 1942.
 Shipping, it is said, will never fulfill the demand for it during war time, but a statement says it "has been adequate to transport the vital materials presented for loading at seaboard," You might also be surprised to learn that over 500,- 900 men and women are working in the shipbuilding industry and eight hundred plants are located in thirty-twO states. Then there are the vessels that are being repaired as well as the brand new ships. Quite an industry this shipbuilding, and the tremendous task is ahead of producing l9,0O0,000 dead-weight tons.
 Ships today do more than travel the seas from port to port, allowing travel CTS to indulge in one of our greatest lux urieS of another day, Today they are built for a seven-sea war duty with "a five-ocean supply coverage." It's no longer shoes and ships and sealing wax, it's just ships.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-04-02

take on greater heights and depths.
 Our state has not the grandeur of mountains as some Of OUT northern neigh bors. It has, however, the minor noun tains called hills, the valleys ln between and the long stretches Of open country, lovely meadows, meanderlng brooks. The land is fertile that lies between the hills. Our forefatherS worked tho land in a day when there was time to farm. Once again we are becoming land-mlnded In that every available acre will be utilized this spring and summer to raise fruits and vegetables to help along the short age Of food.
 Our male population, good part of 1t, who could be home working the land are doing another workout. They are living on and tramping on unfamiliar soil. Without doubt they would give anything to be back once more on their own fam- iliar soil looking off, as we are now, on the hills of home.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-04-02

But Ed Mc0rady, crack labor advisor to the Undersecretary of War, feels that the best way to keep order in the mining districts is to talk to the miners in their own language. Formerly assist. ant Secretary of Labor, he sug- gested to tho War Department that instead of using troops, he be commissioned as Q one.man army to keep order.
 Accordingly, Ed McGrady has left for the coal areas, to keep his finger on the pulse of the coal miners--and to keep that pulse down.
 LADIES FIRST
 At the White House, Mrs. Roose- welt was chatting with Madame Chlang Kai.shek. Said the First Lady of the United States: "I was offered Sl,500 to write a mag axlne article giving my impres. sl0ns of you"
 Smiling, the First Lady Of China replied, q was offered S3,0OO Co write Q magazine article giving my impressions Oe yOu."
 FOOD CHAR IT
 Friends who know Chester Da- wis, the new farm cEar, say he is the best qualified man for the job--whlch probably is about the toughest in the country.
 But they also wonder whether Davis is going to have the brass. knuckles to put farms on a corn- plete war footing.
 Chester, as he Is called In Washington where almost every one knows and likes him, Is Rn unusual mixture. When he was on the National Defense Advls- 0ry Committee in the old pre- war days with Big Bill Knudscn, he tangled with Knudsen about the concentration of war c0n- tracts in che hands of . few big corporations. He wanted them spread out among many firms, as the British did. And history has proved he was right.
 Chester Davis also bucked the chemical trust when 1t moved heaven and earth to block the production Of ammonia under IVA. And even in those early days before Pearl Harbor he de- mandcd more farm production, with the abandonment of crop controls.
 COTTON IS STILL KING
 On the other hand, Chester
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-04-02
Current Comment

There is no use in Kidding ourJ selves into believing that the people as a whole are trying hard to win this war. They are not. If we had q real wartime tax policy and Q will- ingness for sacrifice by the public, the problem of keeping down the cost of living would be much easier. Edward 0. Welsh, OPA. executive. We glory in what we have done thus far, but what we have done thus far isn't patch on what we could do If we were fighting with the Idea that it Is c death struggle against an enemy who might de- feat us Right there Is one of the real bottlenecks. We don't have the slightest idea that we could lose the war.
 --Capt. Eddie Rlckenbacker.
 
 In time of war we can never say that anything cannot Do dona. -Manpcwer Director Paul v. Mc- Mutt.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-04-02
BALDWIN AND THE
 PRESIDENCY
(Hartford T'imes)


 Those are doing Governor Bald- win no favor who associate his name with the Republican presi- dental nomination in i044.
 That was done on Sunday by a political writer for the New York Times.
 It was also done by State Chair man J. Kenneth Bradley. who pointed to the possibility that the Governor might be the party stand- ard bearer in the next presidential election.
 It would be fortunate if the inc precision were to be created that the Governor was thinking in terms of national preferment in lD44, or per- hitting his friends to campaign for him. It would mean that he could not give his entire thought to the business Of being Governor in de- clding questions that might have . bearing upon his ambitions foI higher ofiice. It would mean that the people would wonder whether in given cases, he was acting ai Governor or trying to use that OfEics as Q stepping stone for somethini higher. That would be manlfestl, unfair to the Governor. and detTi. mental even to his ambitions, if h' has them.
 Governor Dewey Of New Yorl recognized that to Dc true. and ever before he was nominated declared that If elected he would not be { candidate for any other oaice dur ing his four-year term. Ho has re gently seen tit to have a statemen
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-04-02
The Hills of Home

Looking off from any vantage point in our vicinity we see the hills of home, north of us and east of us, west of us and south of us. Almost anytime now we will once again view the wonder of their change from rusty and drab brown to green. The change comes gradually; and daily we look off, Sometimes 1t seems as ah0lgh we would never see the first tinge ss green. The hills of home are our pride here in the Naugatuck Valley, where they loom Up gracefully; and farther north
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-04-02

Good news for Friday and meatless days from now on. Shad are running in New Jersey waters, so the supply should be rather good if your pocketbook can stand the high cost of fish. The New Jersey shipments are also augmented by shad from North Carolina waters. It is encouraging to note in the food columns that salt water fish is fairly plentiful, better than in many weeks. The fresh water fish, too, are becoming abundant with fish arriving from Lake Erie and carp from Wisconsin. It won't be long before the Connecticut River shad are running and this should help out consid- erable in our piscatorial difficulties.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-04-02
Views Of The Press

issued by his friends reiterating that position.
 Unless some way is found to si- lence his friends Governor Baldwin may be forced to the same neces- sity.
 It would be remarkable if one of the great political parties came to . small state like Connecticut for either a presidential or vice-presi- dential candidate.
 If. however. that Is to happen 1t will be because Governor Baldwin's record in that ofilce compels such recognition and not because of any press agentEy, or political flnagling by his friends.
 Those who are really the Cover. nor's well wishers will leave him en. tireiy free to establish . record of that kind. They will refrain care-
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-04-02

Davis always has been . staunch Farm Bureau man. And the Farm Bureau Federation repre- Sents the aristocracy of agrecul- ture. Among other things 1t represents the cotton farmers, and the biggest nut to crack in con. vertlng agriculture to war basis Is the cotton bloc.
 At present the country has 0 huge surplus Of short stable cot- ton, but because of the cotton bloc the Government still Is peg ging the price at a point where it is not profitable to raise other crops. If part of this huge cot- ton acreage were diverted to corn, hogs, peanuts, cattle, the food shortage should disappear. The South can grow almost anything. But Ed ONeal, president of the Farm Bureau, most powerful farm lobby, demands that the price of cotton artificlally be kept up.
 The first thing to watch about Fo0d Cxar Davis, therefore, is
 his attitude toward the Farm Bureau. Before hc camo Co Washington in 1888 he wns as. slstant to Earl Smith, President Of the Illinois Agricultural As- soclatlon, which Is the state branch of the Farm Bureau. La. ter, when Davis was AAA ad. mlnistrator (where he did an Al jOb) he had no patience with friends Of the little farmer. BIG vs LITTLE FARMER
 The split between big and little farmers was developing then. Jer- ome Frank, AAA counsel, now Judge of the End Circuit Court of Appeals, believed that more help should be given to the sharecrop- per and tenant farmers. So did Gardner Jackson and Lee Press man.
 Davis tangled with them. Finally he forced Henry Wal lace to throw them out In the famous AAA purge.
 Davis was a close friend of Charles Holman, of the MIX Pro- duction Federation. whom Wallace called q "dlstrlbutor disguised In Overalls."
 Davis also tangled with Paul Applcby, then Walalce's secre- tary, now undersecretray Of Ag- Flculture, and a champion 0f the little farmer. The conflict be- tween the two continues, and Applyby ls now expected to re- sign.
 These one-time critics Of Davis contend that farm production can be increased chiefly through the millions ot small farmers who don't have to hire additional la- bor, but who need seed and fer- tilizer, rather than through the big