davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1943-01-16
We, Too,Are
Americans
Bv ruth TAYLOR

THE GREATEST danger vslch
threatens our nation TO-DAY ne
direct threa. 10 our liberties les
not in the far flung battle lie,
not in the jungles OF islands FAR
10 the south. not on the snow
clad slopes q northern ga;eaays,
not on the sand wastes ot he
desert. nor on the sea lanss u
ell the oceans-hut here IN our
cities. our towns. our VILLAGES.
here IN our homes themselves Il
Ia the danger OF divisiveress
among our own people.
Since the first settlers crossed
the seas TO seek freedom on our
shores. this has been the is7ps,
that has dogged our pathway asa
nation II as the weapon % ~
cry would be conqueror coye'cgs
81 our fertile lands and valiant
neope l, was the force that ar
lied many OF our people rom
tl'eir homes across the seas !.
VAS 20 Withstand the force that
they banded together 10 MAKE
nation And Z, was TO conque~ Sat
force that they fought a civ.l var
10 make ALL the people wi'hin
our borders free men,
Now another ,yran' seeks to lss
this weapon Now Hitler's agents
the slavery party OF the present
day. both professional and ANA
teur. are seeking 10 disrupt our
unity. % divide our people 1aey
are flaming tempers. starting ~
mors. feeding resentments. sep
arating our people into groups
who hammer constantly al each
other for their rights. trying 70
legislate brotherhood and 20 en-
force friendship.
But We. who have struggled 70
freedom. will not fall into he
3 ~ e AOV. are hIutElNdN' Nv
matter what our background.
Whether We fled from Europe 70
escape slavery. or from Africa IN
70 new bondage. whether We he
Nordics La;ins or Negroes wheih-
We worship our God as Protest.
ants. Catholics or Jews-we 100
are today Americans. living M
der a greater measure OF freedom
than anywhere else on earth ana
possessed Of the right TO enlarge
hat freedom through the orderly
processes Of law and reason.
Let US present a united force
against all this divisive chatter
Let US prove that we. too. are
Americans. loyal 10 the ideals Of
brotherhood and democracy ana
faithful members OF a United VA
ton.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1943-01-16
ARISE YE SONS OF ETHIOPIA,
BEHOLD THE MORNING DAWNS

Life OF enginuIty.
Where the real man lies dormant
Shall awake and set h!-1 free.
Light on manhood and It's purpose
Light on freedom and It's aims;
Rise. awake be up and doing.
That's the hope OF this LIES game
Free from dastardly oppressioni
YES. arise and bear in mind.
Far too long you've idled docile'
Take part with all mankind
Get together get together;
! shall set Tor you a pace;
stand together as a people
sink or swim. stand for the race
Onward. Upward. ever marching
With the dswnlight drawing nesr'
Great achievements wait its COM
ing
Get together. DO you heart
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1943-01-16
EDITORIAL PAGE
George Washington Carver As Knew Him 1870.

rrcssen.aly. among the products
- showed Dr.. Washington in
that iniiia, exhibi, was a starch
derived from fresh dug sweet
potatoes. And from that simple
SUGGESTION there has been devel-
erei a mammoth starch plan; in
Laurel. Mss. In April 1887 when
10 visited Laurel. company Of
feisls advised him that they had
RI essed 10000 pounds ~ starch
.-om re 1855 crops az sweet po-
.s.oes grown Ni,h'r trucking dis
tancs O, Laare Br; here again
3. vas cor.ror'ea NTH prob
lem tor the potatoes had 20 be
rrocesses very soon AFTER being
cng and he'ore they cure or
re starch tufrs q sugar Upon
~ -etur- he ws-' - work on
Ills problem
Sia,ias'v re worked with he
r. an. The soy bean ne tomato
ire clays vi,h reeds and tbers
IS f-s new ans v.ier uses Tor
r.a-k.ni As he fafhered The
ths1,errlc science @, A-erica. +
nav b said ~ also ta'hsred
via. Ne now cal SALVAGE Tor
from chlalooi he 'rcessaai'y
stldied and rraci.eed re conver-
saiion q waste materials into
-sshle articles
To use hs cwn words re
sasA' a'ways r. be master q;
,NInzs' and a. wha'eve~ cost n
.fa,y n ahor. IL Ta.erts AID
I70iat,rer'
George washington rarvsr Is
-,' Gsai he' again Using his
on words 80 has ,as-e3 The
saa 6ls' and n ROW 'rp.eteiy
sn tore wi-r re Infinite
ITO he continued
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1943-01-16

Md s'aa5 up AID make their
can statement a. - What ,hey
wanted e. The postwar word.
-tis We fn3gsh. would ne better
'1an 's,f,rx Ta.~aige ard Dixon
Rea-e s.sss Vhat We want
ss Tssse Ge~ogrgres were at
t'-tif.-- - stampede he south
30 hs,.es-z that Negroes were
81, - cash 'ae pa 7r doors az
ne ws.,a soe,h Every homes,
,..'r. p. he Negroes 20 improve
'..s'- status was construed as de-
srrs aSz.1s. 'tA hes. ir,erests
&: es s,g'h and nati7n
Oar Durham declaration gave
the lie 10 these evil Vaccinations.
The question Of whether or not
We would invite our brethren from
other sections was seriously dis.
tu>>ed: hut We thought II wise n
conflne our list NJ invites IA
Negroes 81 the southern region 81
that II the white south rejected
cur honest demands. II would not
be- npon the technically that our
document was written by north.
ERA radicals" There are In the
south some whites who are max.
Inc an honest effort 70 face the
issues squarely; and we sought
- find commoa denominator o
constructive action and thought
the white south would he recreani
10 a great trust II II did not heed
the implications Of the Durham
conference. The Richmond New'
leader. edited bv the great Dong
la Freeman. called the statement
The Durham declaration and
another called II the -Durham
nanliesto.-
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1943-01-16
BY MILDRED +. HIGHrowrR

Ask u not Of me. my people
Why my name 7 cannot tell:
Know We though BY what I'm
saving.
am here with you 70 dwell.
Ask Il not Of me, my people.
what my aim. I cannot tell:
But the work you find me doing
shall do and do II we'll.
" to truths that I shall give you
lou give heed and ponder lone.
lou VII find they're not 10 one
man.
They are cast out to the throng.
Not by might or yet By power
Have entered IN the strife:
fe' come 70 give you me,,ls
Ana to show you light and life
LIE OF will and life Of purpose.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1943-01-16
Merited Recognition

THE DAILY PAPERS d 10, frequently give ero-.--.-s
publicity 20 'he eonmerdable achievements ~ Ne
groes but the elaborate news coserage given by the e
press Of the nation 70 IRE death ard funeral services ~
late Dr. George Washington Carver q Tuskesee institute
was sufficient 70 warm TIE hearts Of al members q our
race AL the leading daies q he country We'd with
each other in heradng the demise Of this great Negro
scientist who did so much for humanity through MS won
derful experiments and discoveries that enriched the agr
cultural economic and scientific life OF millions Of AMER.
cans Of both races We are grateful for this commend
able recognition, but Dr. Carver richly deserved it.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1943-01-16
ot..ttrc ne News
81 70 $50 There

r ~VN- --r,t- -zs
.--. .--s.-.
.-a
rs.s.-
.
p -
IA -. os.
--~ r.. .4-
r. 49, -s. pee.
....... zee.
4s4. 49,
s-..s
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. ~sek
s-Ad II
-~s-ss 10.
e--- -s- ana
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1943-01-16
Bv HARRY o. ABBOT

travelling cori2. -ion ard intimate
associate cs re famed scientist
s-r - years tle.S t1s ''me Mr.,
AhAo', was a faculty member az
1gskeEse
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1943-01-16
- BETWEEN The Lines = "'' como, HANCOCK

NJ ssss ~ar'F rs 2
"a 4 ia. 'hs
-..-f~s Ga Pace Re-
50 s.w- II his'o-y
oss ev-- -,s '-To-;a-cs.
ws as r. Which
-s- ~ s'esss - TIA
st .s .li.nEs
ss hss- s-az.--
re 1t'a re~'s ~ IT,
m FL r. 49, white
.4 -o-h
s.- a~t ~es $50 'sss
a tss- Nss rrsss
prominent Nesro leader re-
cenily remarked that no event in
the history ~ the Negro rare
.ince emancl'a'ion has been -
fatorahlv editoriali1ed AMI eulo.
CITED a. the Durham conference.
Plfdges ~ support have came
rom every quarter ~ Tho na'ion.
- enthusiastic was nr. n. Y.
Jewi>on. president ~ The Nation.
a, Baptist convention with con.
>tlineHcv ri more than 3.irsi.iri1
Communieani, that he wrote Il
only wish copld have h.en there
~ Durham Men and women al
all denominations have sent words
~ f0urrafrlationS and hest " he.
and the comment IL the nafi"n'>
press would make sizeahle vol.
ume. More than a thousand con.
le> - the statement have heen
ordered AMI already the white
,ouih I, making effort 10 do
something about II.
ns-e .-ss 49, we
--rs tsaGsa "a ia re-
~. c--ss-e1cs n -he
,-sss ~ ~s.~a.-s1 .-7n Il.
Evening star., 1943-04-14
Absenteeism Limited
To Chronic Frinqe,'
Economist Declares
Bulk Lose No More Time
Now Than Before War,
6. N. Official Reports
BY the Associated Press.

oy tne Associated Press.
PITTSBURGH, April 14-Andrew
Court, labor economist of General
Motors Corp, said today that alb
senteeism among the Nations fac
tory workers was concentrated in
chronic fringe" of 10 to 20 per
cent of the total working force-a
fringe composed of the same indi-
viduals month after month.
by and large" he said at war
time clinic on health in industry,
the great majority of our employees
are losing no more time today than
they lost before the war
The clinic, sponsored by the Ma
tional Association of Manufacturers,
was attended by 500 industrial ply
Sicians, business executives and
others from six States.
Court sal dthe absence of a small
proportion of the working force can
cause an entirely disproportionate
delay IN production, citing a Gen
eral Motors case where the absence
of 5 per cent of 5000 workers was
concentrated in one critical depart
ment, with the result that a whole
shifts production was missed.
He added that each per cent of
unscheduled lost time reduced pro-
duction by about two and one-half
percent in highly fooled, modern
metal manufacturing industry and,
based on a national average of 6
per cent of absenteeism, it meant a
reduction in production of Is per
cent
with 15,oO0,oo0 people in manu-
featuring today, this would be
equivalent to loss of 1000 900
workers." he said.
Evening star., 1943-04-14
Reciprocal Trade Act
{ Extension Is Urged by
Manufacturers Group
NAM President Asks
Safeguards to Guide
Neqotiutors in Future
BY the Associated Press.

SAN FRANCISCO, April IA
Frederick C. Crawford president of
the National Association of Manu-
facturers, told industrialists last
night the association had reversed
its traditional opposition to the Hull
reciprocal trade treaties.
Addressing the Northern Califor-
MIA Industrial Conference, Mr.. Craw-
ford asserted the NAM directorate
had approved the treaty program and
wants it continued with safe
guards
No Criticism of Hull.
Before making the address, Mr.
Crawford said in an interview that
the safeguards were prepared by the
NAM board as their suggestions for
legislation, and not as criticism Of
Secretary of State Hull.
"Mr. Hull has been taking care
of such things" Mr.. Crawford added
But we think these projections
should be written into the law for
the guidance of future negotiators
of trade pacts."
Protective precautions asked for
were designed to shield American
business against dumping. discrim-
ination, unfair practices, fuctuating
currencies, sudden changes in duties
and third country" imports, Mr..
Crawford told the conference.
Supporting Secretary Hull's re-
quest for extension of the Reciprocal
Trade Agreements Act, which would
expire this year unless extended by
Congress, Mr.. Crawford said:
Complete elimina ton of the prin-
ciple of reciprocal agreements at
this time would have unfortunate
repercussions in the countries with
which we are now allied in the war
and in those with whom we hope
to resume friendly relations after
the war.
Part of World Economy.
1--WE are fighting as world ma
ton. After the war we must trade
as one. Diplomatic peace and eco
nomic warfare cannot live side by
side.
our own industrial genius has
forced us out into the world.
Whether we like it or not, we are
part of world economy"
Amendments to the Trade Agree
ments Act recommended by the
board would declare Government
policy mot to approximate free
trade; call for gradual, not precipi-
tate, tariff adjustments; put postwar
foreign trade in private enterprise
hands, not Government, and con
slider carefully the effects of the
INSTRUMENTATION clause in re-
spect to imports from third coun-
tries"
Mr.. Crawford said commodities
put on the dutiable list should not
have duties cut "for a reasonable
time-business is fed up on changes
from Washington overnight
Nations which allowed their cur
rencies to fluctuate widely should be
denied reciprocal treaties, he de-
clared.
Evening star., 1943-04-14

Capt. Horace E. Crouch, Columbia,
S. c.; Maj. Everett w. Holstrom,
Tacoma, Wash.
First 1t. Lucian Youngblood
Waco, Tex: First 1t. William N.
Fitzhugh, Galveston, Tex; Staff
Sergt. Edwin w. Horton, jr., Chome
town unavailable here); First 1t.
Jacob F. Manch, Staunton, Va;
Capt. Richard A. Knoblock. Fort
Sheridan, Ill; Staff Sergt. Fred A.
Braemer. Seattle, Oreg.: Master
Sergt. Robert c. o. Bourgeois. New
Orleans, La: Capt. J. Royden Stork.
San Diego. Calf, and Capt. Richard
E. Cole, Dayton, Ohio.
Besides the additional 80 other
Americans who returned to the
United States, several other partici-
pants in the raid on Japan are
known to have been killed, missing
in action, interned in Siberia or cap
tured by the japanese.
Evening star., 1943-04-14
Jobs China Assigned
To 10 Directors
By SeIective Service
Group Refused Work
In Armed Forces Even
As Non-Combutunts
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
For the first time in American
history, American conscientious OBJ
jectors will be sent to China to work.
The Selective Service Bureau an
nounced yesterday that 10 men who
had refused on religious grounds to
serve even as non-combatants in
the armed forces will go to Chung
king. China, to work on medical,
sanitary and health projects.
To allow the assignment of such
objectors, the Chungking projects
had to be designated as work of
national importance"
At the same time three other
projects in the United States were
announced Approximately 500 OBJ
jectors will be assigned to dairy
farming, others will assist the Dairy
Herd improvement Association to
test cows and another group will
collect data for charts and map
making for the Coast and Geodetic
Survey.
Friends to Guide Work.
The men going to Chungking will
work under the direction of the
Friends Service Committee on prof.
ects designated by the Chinese gov
ernment's Ministry of Health.
Meanwhile, a test case to deter
mine whether a person seeking ex-
emption from military service as a
conscientious objector must report
for induction when called, if his
claim has been denied by draft
board, came before the Supreme
Court today for argument.
1t is the first conscientious OBJ
jector case argued before the tri-
bunal since the war started. 1t in
wolves Whitney BowleA Newfound-
land, N. j., who was sentenced to
three years imprisonment for not
answering an induction call
Wendell Berge, Assistant Attorney
General, contends in his belief that
such a registrant must appear for
induction, then, if he passes the
physical examination, might seek a
writ OF habaes corpus to challenge
the boards refusal to classify him
as a conscientious objector.
Osmond K. Fraenkel, New York
attorney for Bowles, asserts his
client should have been permitted to
challenge the boards ruling at his
trial in the Federal district for New
Jersey.
Submission to induction" he
said, mot only requires a person of
conscientious scruples to violate his
conscience, but also submits him,
pending the determination of the
question, to punishment by the mill
tary authorities"
Holds Draft Board Erred.
Mr.. Berge said that "the Selective
Service Act shows that Congress
was solicitous of religious scruples
against military training and
service"
"It does not Show" he added,
that Congress intended to protect
scruples against physical examina-
ton at an induction station"
In his Supreme Court petition,
BoWles contends that the Draft Ap-
peal Board had erroneously inter-
preted the 1910 Selective Service Act
as requiring that a registrant, to be
exempted as a conscientious OBJ
Jector, must belong to some religious
Evening star., 1943-04-14

and high producer prices made it
impossible for chains, with low
ceilings, to sell most kinds of meat
without incurring losses. OPA
took cognizance of the wide dispar-
ity between chain ceilings and other
prevailing retail prices and drafted
its order, 1t was understood, with a
view toward leveling off prices.
OPA Officials Alarmed.
Later, however. when the extent
Of the price increases became ap-
parent and in the light of the Pres
ident's recent "hold-the- line" order
on prices, OPA officials apparently
became alarmed over the effect of
the projected new ceilings and de-
cided to hold them off for further
review.
The need for some stabilization of
prices in chain stores was still rec
ognized by the agency. If any re-
ductions are made there has been
no indication in what categories
they will fall.
New retail dollar -and-cen CELL
ings on pork cuts, which went into
effect throughout the Nation April l,
are not affected by today's post
ponement.
Under the postponed ceiling pro-
gram, all stores would have been
divided into two classes-independ-
ent stores with less than $25O,OOO
annual business and all other stores.
Price differentials of from l to 3
cents were provided between the
two kinds of stores.
Check of Prices Ordered.
OPA said regional and district
offices have been INSTRUCTED to make
an immediate check of the new
retail ceilings against retail prices
In effect at the time of the Presi-
dents order"
On the basis of these surveys,
together with trade meetings, OPA
added 1t will determine whether
revisions are needed"
No immediate indication was
available from official sources as to
OPA's intent concerning price re-
visions.
OPA's reference to the presiden-
tial order apparently was centered
on Mr.. Roosevelt's intention not
only to prevent increases in prices
of cost of living" items but also
to reduce them wherever possible.
Meanwhile technical details were
reported delaying the issuance of
other basic price orders. Of1cials
said that expected orders on cotton,
wheat, vegetables, apples and an
expected decree on live hogs were
merely taking time to formulate be-
cause of their extremely technical
nature.
Freight Cut Order Studied.
In the midst of these orders OPA
also was figuring what to do about
the freight rate reduction ordered
Monday by the Interstate Commerce
Commission.
In spite of the fact that OPA was
the agency that asked for the ICC
decision. 1t was not prepared i'm
mediately to say what its far-reach-
ing results would be.
Apparently. there were prospects
for automatic reduction Of those
OPA prices estimated at about IS
per cent Of the OPA schedules
which were phrased in terms Of cost
at some factory or shipping point
plus freight" Fresh vegetables
Evening star., 1943-04-14
78 Flyers Who Bombed Toxic
Rounding Out Year in Orient
Most of Veterans
Still Occupied
Bombing laps
By the Associated Press.

NEW DELHI, April 14-Eight-
een young United States airmen
who helped bomb Toxic and
other japanese targets will round
out years service in the Orient
on Sunday, the first anniversary
of the spectacular raid on Japan.
Thirty-two other flyers who par
ticipated in the exploit returned to
the United States during the last
year.
Much has been written about this
great adventure which began when
the Americans took off in heavily
loaded Mitchell bombers and ended
when they came down in China
many hours later after plastering
japanese targets.
A small sample of the thrills the
boys went through before they got
back to civilization is contained in
the story Technical Sergt. Adam R.
Williams of Morgantown, N. c., told
just before he went home five weeks
ago.
Sergt. Williams and four other
members of the bomber's crew were
forced to bail out over China. They
landed on mountain top and spent
l8 gruelling days plodding through
Jungles and across mountains before
finally reaching rendezvous city.
The 1S veterans of the Japanese
raid still here-most of whom con-
tinue to torment the japanese from
the air-are:
Capt. Edgar D. McElrop, Ennis,
Tex; First 1t. Thadeus H. Blanton.
Gainesville, Tex; First 1t. Carl r.
Wildner, Amherst, Mass; Sergt.
Robert j. Stephens, Hobart, Okla;
Staff Sergt. Alden E. Jones, Pasa-
dena, Calf; Staff Sergt. Bert M.
Jordan, Covington, Okla; Capt.
Clayton Campbell, Orofino Idaho;
Evening star., 1943-04-14
Civil Service
Continued From First Page0

ice Commission, 287; ICC, 1856: Pan
ANA Canal. 1856; Office OF Civilian
Defense, 1873; Railroad Retirement,
lis; Office of War Information.
103; National Archives, 98; Federal
Trade, 81: State, 81; Tariff Com
mission. 81: National Labor Rela-
tions Board, 81; Alien Property
Custodian, So.
Others ranged from a single en-
ploye to 46, and there were about
80 agencies that escaped entirely.
These included War and Navy (war
personneD, OPA. War Manpower
Commission, Veterans Administra-
ton, Office of Censorship, General
Accounting Office, Maritime Com
mission, Central Administrative
Services OF OEM, National Advisory
Committee for Aeronautics and
Board of Economic Warfare.
There have been reports that a
number of agencies complained Bit
terly about the cuts ordered, but the
committee did not get to this phase
today. The entire session was taken
up by a statement presented by Di-
rector Smith.
At the outset of his testimony,
Mr.. Smith said that Government
activities now cannot be compared
with those of the First World War
because of the greater scope OF the
present conflict and the larger part
this Nation is playing. The latter
factor, he .amplified, is reflected in
expanding functions.
He said that tough problems"
have been faced in recruiting the
civilian staff and that often it had
been necessary either to leave posi-
tions untitled or put in incompetents.
Adequate office space and equipment
also presented problems, the director
added, saying that there have been
occasions when not even chairs
have been available for new en-
ployes."
He said the bureau is working for
improved personnel practices and
higher grade supervision and seeks
to effect economies where possible.
Mr.. Smith estimated that as of
January there were about 800 900
employees in the sc-called non-war
activities. but he said that often
their work is in some way connected
with the war effort.
Il am keenly aware that mistakes
have been made and failures have
occurred" he concluded. Frankly,
some mistakes and fumbling will
occur In the future, but argument
and dissension over relatively minor
failures are as fruitless as attempts
to excuse waste. Unfortunately, mis-
takes have drawn more attention
than quiet, effective work"