davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Henderson daily dispatch., 1943-09-28
Giant Bombers Changed
Into Huge Fighters
Continued from Page One)

Continued from Page Onc)
fortrcSScs shot down 32l planes
against loss of 1873 OF our own.
The answer:
Very secretly bombcrs had been
sent 10 modification ccn,crs and
transformed from the worlds fastest
big bOmbcrs TO the worlds biggest
fighter planes.
Instead OF carrying bombs to En-
rope they were loaded down with
guns and ammunition.
They were IndiStinguishabic from
Their accompanying bombcr$, but
carried Il far dCadlicr sting.
In the air forces they arc now.
known as Flying lIcdgchogS."
Henderson daily dispatch., 1943-09-28

l0c, HeipS--Bny INC MoreI
Evening star., 1943-06-18
Coal
Continued From First Page.)

between the portal of the mine and
the working place.
Asked Wage Hour Approval.
I'm July, 1910, the mine workers
and the operators jointly asked the
administrator of the Wage and Hour
Division to approve that face to face
method of payment as a compliance
with the Fair Labor Standards Act,
and the administrator did approve
it. Subsequently the same face to
face basis of payment was incor-
porated by mutual agreement in the
Appalachian agreements which be-
came effes i've April /, 194l.
1T would be possible to correct
any inequality that results from
basing the pay of all the miners on
the hours worked at their working
places, regardless of the amount of
time that the individual worker has
to spend in travelling.
The basis of payment might be
for all hours during which the mine,
was underground: that is, from por-
tai to portal. That has been done
in other mining industries.
Radical Change.
1T would be a radical change ir
the bituminous coal industry anc
would undoubtedly create so much
confusion that production would be
very seriously reduced and it woulc
probably take many months ,oi
honest collective bargaining to de.
velop any such method for the Goa,
mines that would not bring about
an intolerable economic condition
Evening star., 1943-06-18

the UNIV use its influence to have
the OPA rollback prices"
The resolution took q stand
against strikes, saying they would
help Hitler to defeat our country,
destroy our unions and force us into
slavery"
In assailing the anti-strike bill in
the protest to Mr.. Roosevelt yester-
day, the labor leaders said the meas
ure would virtually destroy unions
and minority rights, violate the
guarantee Of free speech and en-
courage strikes.
1T is a wicked, vicious bill; it is
the worst anti-labor bill passed in
100 years." their statement said. "It
Is born Of malice and revenge It Is
the very essence of FaScism. 1t de-
stroys the philosophy of voluntarism
on which free trade unionism is
founded.
TT destroys the foundation on
which the principles of collective
bargaining rest. Compulsion, civil
damages and criminal penalties are
the unholy trinity by which this act
accomplishes It's evil purpose"
Their memorandum cited a sec
tion of the bill which provides that
no member of the WLB shall par
ticipate In any decision in which he
has direct interest "as an officer,
employe, or representative of either
party to the dispute"
I'VE are of the opinion that under
this section officers and representa-
tives Of the American Federation of
Labor cannot participate in any
decisions involving "a dispute between
an AFL affiliate and an employer" +"
the labor leaders said Officers and
representatives of the Congress of
Industrial Organizations cannot sit
upon and decide any dispute of a
CIO affiliate. ." It affords a
splendid opportunity to hamstring
the functioning of the board by at
tacking decisions in which union
of1cials participated.
Doctrine of Conspiracy.
"We seriously question whether
AFL or CIO officials can remain on
the board, since they could not par
ticipate in any case involving one
of their affiliated organizations"
The memorandum said the bill
"re-establishes the reprehensible
doctrine of conspiracy" in its prohi-
bition against encouraging a strike
in Government operated plant or
providing funds to conduct such a
strike or for unemployment benefits.
The fact that two or more work
ers) quit at the same time would
be evidence of a conspiracy upon
which conviction could be had"
! it added.
The union presidents said the bill
used broad language by which many
innocent persons may be caught
IN the dragnet of conspiracy"
Evening star., 1943-06-18
for many Of the, mines and vunac-

for many OF the, mines and unac-
ceptabfe conditions for many Of the
mine workers.
"The United Mine Workers have
not proposed to change the face II
face basis of payment. On the
contrary they have proposed merely
to increase the hourly rate under
the present contract system. This
would not, Of course, correct that in
equality which comes from carrying
times of travel by different mine
workers.
Sam Smith, who worked seven
hours at his working place in the
mines and has to spend two hour a
day getting in and out, would still
get the same wage as John Jones
who works seven hours at his work.
ing place in the mine and has to
spend only 20 minutes getting In
and out.
1T would not be in fact payment
to the mine workers for portal to
portal. 1t is merely a general wage
increase supported by the argument
that the mine workers. although
they are willing to continue to put
up with the inequality that comes
from face to face payment, think
they ought to have general wage
increase because on the average they
all spend certain amount of time
in travel"
Won't Retreat From Policy.
The WLB chairman said it is true
that the miners in the past suffered
hardship from low wages and sub
standard conditions. In 1888, he
said, weekly earnings we're $14. They
have progressively increased since
then and in March Of this year, he
said, were approximately $43 a week,
which puts them up with the higher
paid workers in the war industries. I"
1T Is obvious" said Mr.. Davis.
THAT if the War Labor Board ap-
proved any general wage increase
for the mine workers under these
circumstances. 1t would fly In the
face Of decision after decision OF the
Board in which we have had to
limit the wage increases allowed
to the wage earners in most Of the
great war industries of the country.
1T would mean that We would be
retreating from the whole wage sta
bilization policy and we would have
to set up a new line Of sterilization
that would permit us to extend sim.
liar increases to the wage earners in
other industries in which wage in
creases have been refused under the
present policy.
The resulting increase in costs
Evening star., 1943-06-18

noon, she told Travellers Aid what
had happened.
Gallinger Hospital doctors said
they believe the girl is from New
York, because of her knowledge OF
that city's streets and places.
Nurses found on the girls person a
social security card, No. 221-16- -0596
issued to Evelyn Diane Terrence, 402
West Thirteenth street, Wilmington,
Del.
In a purse whic hthe girl. carried
police found a paycheck stub bear
ing what apparently is a social
security number, 133-16-7578. Also
found was an eyeglass case bearing
two New York addresses.
A preliminary examination by
doctors disclosed no evidence Of foul
play, although the girl complained
Of pains in her head and jaw.
Evening star., 1943-06-18

equality, joining in their games and
social events"
The prisoners are treated with
respect by their guards. They are
not Inundated in any way. America
Is living up to the letter of the
Geneva Convention.
The Germans-and there are nc
Italians in this camp-do not mingle
with any Americans. A large sign
"O6 Limits" is hung at the entrance
to the compound. But soldiers on q
nearby road glimpse now and then
stripped figured swaying on a
horizontal bar or one raking the en-.
closure for trash.
Life Not Free.
Because we are fulfilling our In
ternational obligations and treating
our prisoners Of war with rigid ad-
herence to these tenets, some per-
sons have sought to convey the i'm
preston that they are basking in q
sort Of country-ciub life.
Certainly Blanding's prisoners are
given the decent, humane treatment
that any civilized nation should ac-
cord those 1t captures In battle.
They receive the same food as the
American soldiers. They have clean
quarters and sufficient comforts.
Constant medical attention is avail
able. They are allowed reasonable
amusements and diversions. And
this is typical of the other prison
camps, for the plans follow direc-
tives from the provost marshal gen.
eral in Washington.
But If you'd consider living in this
stark compound being pampered,
you might rig up something COM
parable and try it a few days. This
correspondent could think of a
thousand other places he would
rather be, especially at the moment.
Most of the comforts these pris-
oners have they've rugged them
selves, and they are crude-rough
tables, blankets draped over benches
tattered cloths for shade.
And. remember, they can't 70
away for week ends at the seashore
Details of the arrangements to
guard them are secret, but it may
be said that they are adequately
guarded. They're staying-for the
duration, so far as they know.
Evening star., 1943-06-18
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN
NORTH AFRICA, June 1S.-Lt. Col.
John D. Stevenson, %, and three
fighter bomber pilots under his COM
mand narrowly escaped death today
when a bomb accidentally dropped
from his ship as they were skimming
over the Mediterranean.
They were returning from Pantel-
leria, where Col Stevenson of Lar
annie, Wyo., had tripped his bomb
release. Although he did not know
it, only one of the bombs dropped.
The other suddenly fell into the sea
beneath his formation of four planes
on their way back when they were
only $50 feet above the Mediter-
ranean.
II had no idea the bomb was still
there or I wouldn't have been that
low," said Col. Stevenson. my
wingman had seen 1t and he tried
to warn me so that I could follow
the regular procedure in making the
bomb harmless and then drop it,
but my radio wasn't working we'll.
Evening star., 1943-06-18
House Group Hears View
OF Byrnes on Food Car
pv th.A..cr,.,.d pr.,.1

BY the Associated Press. ~
James r. Byrnes, director of the
ONCE Of War Mobilization, rAfused
today after an hour-and d half
meeting with the House Agriculture
Committee to disclose the nature Of
the discussion. Z
Committee members likewise were
reluctant to talk about the executive
session, but it was learned from in
formed sources who cannot be
named that the Fulmer bin to create
a war food administrator with over
all powers to handle the Nations
food problems had been reviewed.
Apparently 1t was continuation
OF the discussion carried on BY com
mittee members at the White House
a few days ago when they urged the
President to name a food ,czar-a
suggestion to which Mr.. Roosevelt
did not accede. =
Evening star., 1943-06-18
| $3.50 Portal Rate
tentatively Given
Progressive Union

SPRINGFIELD, H., June 10
R.-Lloyd A. Thrush. president
OF the Progressive Mine Work.
ers, announced today That the
AFL-afnliated union has reach
ed a tentative agreement with
the Illinois Coal Producers As
sociation for $3.50 portal-to-
portal daily pay.
Previously thee union had
sought a $1.60 rate. . q
Gov. Green disclosed he has
asked the War LaboS Boafd to
approve the $1.50 Incl Ease. ohe
Governor said he has urgently
requested" WLB Chairmanfevn y.
liam H. Davis to ratify NE in
creases which he said were 'not
excessive and could not be con-
sidered as having an inflationary
effect"
Evening star., 1943-06-18

Of production could only have the
effect to further increase Ill prices,
including particularly farm and food
prices, to levels which would nullify
the wage increases. It would really
mean giving up the fight to protect
the value Of the wage earners' dol
lar"
Meanwhile, anti-strike legislation
inspired by the coal walkouts which
ensued during the wage contro-
versy, is on President Ro0evelt's
desk awaiting action and labor
leaders urged the President In FOR
NAL statements yesterday to veto It
AFL-CIO Protest.
The protest action was taken by
William Green, president Of the
Asherican Federation Of Labor;
Philip Murray, president Of the Con-
gress of Industrial Organizations
and David B. Robertson. president
Of the Brotherhood Of Locomotive
Firemen and Enginemen.
They said the bill Svould ham,
string the WLB and might force the
AFL and C1O members to with
draw from 1t.
The bill imposes penalties on un-
ion leaders who order or conduct a
strike in + ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
industry duD ing wartime.
Mr. Lewis has refused to recognize
the WLR's authority and appeared
to be facing the alternative OF an
other tie-up OF the Nations soft coal
mines or working for Fuel Admin
istrator Ickes for the duration of the
war while court action is sought.
The Government figures, for in
stance, show average travel time OF
48 minutes a day. Some of the
workers, therefore, have travel time
substantially exceeding 48 minutes
and might still have claim for
travel pay II a settlement were
made on an average basis. -.
The issue Is whether travel time
is working time requiring compen-
sation under the Fair Labor Stand
ards Act. A Federal Circuit Court
has ruled that It Is, but in that
case the principal factor involved
was In the time IN excess of the
statutory 40-hour work week.
The soft coal miners have a basic
work week of IS hours, all produc-
tiye time. Their old contract, which
the 'WLB ordered extended pending
settlement of the dispute, provides
for time and half: after IS hours
The miners contend, therefore, that
if travel time is working time, II
should be measured after IS hours
and paid for at time-and-a-hali
rates.
Lewis Wants $1.30 q Day Rate.
Mr.. Lewis originally demanded 81
a day more for his miners, repre-
senting 80 minutes time spent In
underground travel. The Policy
Committee Of the UNIV said Mr.
Lewis had determined now on 81 sc
a day as the minimum settlement
Meanwhile, one local union of the
UNIV advised the WLB 1t believed
the union should utilize that agency
and the Once of Price Administra.
ton to achieve the miners demands
Ofncers Of the local union a,
jamestown, Pa, forwarded a resolu-
ton which accused the operators ol
foxy methods" but urged thai
UNIV Policy Committee ito make
use of the War Labor Board to gair
the demands of the miners and alsc
urge the War Labor Board which il
familiar with the miners demand.
and the coal operators offerings, tt
set medium wage raise and use it.
powers to enforce its decisions or
both parties. and be 1t further re.
solved that the Policy Committee o
Evening star., 1943-06-18
Police Press Efforts
To Identity Girl
Suffers Loss of Memory;
Believed From New York

Police and Gallinger Hospital au-
thorities today still were attempting
to identify pretty, well-dressed
girl, about 10 years of age, apparent
ly a victim of amnesia, Who says
she remembers nothing prior to
awakening in field near Whining
ton, Del, yesterday afternoon.
She told police she found a black
pocketbook containing a one-way
Pennsylvania Railroad ticket from
New York to Washington lying near
her in the field when she awoke.
Walking 2 miles to the Whining
ton Station, she told police, she
boarded a train for Washington.
Arriving here late yesterday after
Evening star., 1943-06-18
Accidentally Released Bomb
NeurIy Fatal to 4 u. S. Planes

When the thing went off below us
I thought I had been hit by a can
non. 1t tore one hole in my plane
and two in that of my wingman's.
We were lucky that we were over
the water. If we had been over
land I feel sure that all four planes
in the formation would have been
blown sky high"
Evening star., 1943-06-18
Big Fire Raging in Rome,
Vichy Radio Reports

BY the Associated Press.
LONDON, June 18.-The Vichy
radio, in broadcast recorded BY
the Ministry Of Information, said
today in a Rome dispatch that "a
great fire is raging in the Central
Market in Rome
The amount of damage is not yet
known" 1T added.
Evening star., 1943-06-18
Schools Short of Books

New Zealand schools have a
shortage of exercise books because
manufacturing stationers refuse to
produce them at the prices stipu-
lated by government authorities.
Evening star., 1943-09-23
U. 5. Has Answer 10 Nazi
Weapons, BIandy Says
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
PITTSBURGH, Sept. 23.-The
Axis may try to stave off defeat by
desperate assortment of so-called
secret weapons" like its highly
touted radio-directed air bomb, but
Uncle Sam is mot asleep" where
chronological developments are con-
cerned, Rear Admiral w. H. P
Blandy said here last night.
Completing whirlwind inspection
tour of the United States Steel Corp
plants in the district, the admiral
who is chief of the Bureau of Ord
nance told reporters:
1--WE have behind us the undivided
concentration OF research by the
greatest group of scientists the world
ever has known. am sure they have
the answer to any question a desper-
ate Hitler can advance"
Speaking before group of repre-
sentatives of United States Steel
the admiral praised the steel indus
try for its efforts to produce the
sinews of war, but said the indus
try probably would have to increase
its output to even greater proper
tions in the future.
In 1943 our steel production will
total 100000 ingot tons, but for
next year the strategic needs of your
Army, Navy and Merchant Marine
require 100000 TONS" he said.
Evening star., 1943-09-23
Herbert 0sbourn Feted
On Retirement From GAO

Herbert A. Osbourn, an employe
of the General Accounting Office
since it's establishment in 1921, re-
tired today, completing almost Al
years, of Government service.
Fellow employees honored him in
a brief ceremony at l o'clock,
marked by presentation of a s10O
purse to Mr. Osbourn by j. Darling
ton Denit, chief of the accounting
and bookkeeping division.
A graduate of Shepherd Teachers
College in West Virginia and the
Eastman Business College at Pough-
keepsie, N. Y, Mr.. Osbourn entered
Government service November II,
1902, accepting position in the
general storekeeper's Office at the
Navy Yard. He transferred to the
Treasury Department, Office of the
auditor for the Navy, two years later
and continued in that office until it
was merged with the General
Accounting Office in 1921.
Mr.. Osbourn resides with his wife
at 805 Thayer avenue, Silver Spring,
Md. They have two married daugh-
ters and son, Capt. Raymond A.
Osbourn, who is on duty somewhere
In New Guinea with the Marine
Corps.
Evening star., 1943-09-23
|WLB Expected to Back Military
In Dispute on Rights of Guards

The issue arose in the case of the
Brewster Aeronautical Corp, Johns
vile, Pa, where strike occurred
last month in protest against the
Coast Guards arrest of several plant
guards who had refused to take posts
assigned them by a naval officer.
The guards insisted on their senior
ity privileges of choosing desirable
posts. Some months earlier they
had been sworn into the Coast
Guard, but they received no military
training, continued to wear their
company uniforms, were paid by
the company, and were members of
the CIO United Auto Workers.
The panel recommendation is SUBJ
ject to review by the full board, but
approval is expected.
Evening star., 1943-09-23
lsWRahoniinq
ssgReminderyRa

Canned and Frozen Foods Etc
Blue coupons in Ration Book No.
@: U, v. and w good now and
will not expire until Ostober 20.
Meats. Fats, Etc.-Red coupons In
Ration Book No. 2: x, Y and q
valid now and will remain through
October 2.
Brown stamps in Ration Book
No. 8: A and B stamps valid
through october q; C stamps will
be good September 26 through
October 30.
War. Ration Book No. 3-Civilians
who have not received these new
books should apply to local ration
boards. Book is already in use.
Sugar-Coupon No. IA in Book No.
! good for 5 pounds through Oc-
tober 81.
Gasoline-Holders of old-type B and
c coupons Chose in books num-
bered SGT, 527A, 528 and 528A)
may still exchange them for new
type coupons at their neighbor-
hood ration board.
Review of B and C rations by
local ration boards, has been or
.dered by regional OPA, in effort
to eliminate any part of these
allowances not essential.
Forms for A book -holders to use
in applying for new books now be-
ing mailed to motorists. Appli-
cations should be filled out and
returned to local boards immedi-
ately, accompanied by back cover
of present A book and latest tire
inspection record.
Shoes-Stamp No. Is in book No. I
good for one pair through October
81.
Stoves-All new domestic cooking
and heating stoves designed to
burn coal, wood, oil or gas are
now rationed. Apply to your local
ration board for stove purchase
certificates.
More detailed information car
ried every Sunday In The Star.)
Evening star., 1943-09-23
Arlington Air Gunner
Missing Over Europe
Stuff Sergt. c. F. Bong
Had Made 20 Roids

Staff Sergt. Charles F. Bang. 19
of 14Oo South Edgewood street, Ar
llngton, is missing from bomber
raid over Germany on September
8. his mother, Mrs. Wade D. Wiley
has been informed by the War De-
partment.
Mrs. Wiley said she last heard
from her son, who had been award
ed the Air Medal and two oak
leaf clusters on August 27 when
he wrote that 1--WE just about COM
pleted my quota and will be COM
ing home to see you ALL"
She said Sergt. Bang, a tail gun
ner, had participated in 20 bombing
missions and had been credited with
shooting down an enemy plane.
Sergt. Bang attended Washing
ton-Lee High School and worked
for year at the British Purchas-
ing Commission before enlisting in
the Air Forces in August, 1912.
While attending advance gunnery
school at Wendover, Utah. Sergt.
Bang broke his ankle and was re-
placed when his crew was ordered
to England. His mother said. how
ever, that sheer will power" healed
his ankle in less than a month. and
he was able to rejoin his crew be-
fore they left the United States.
'He called me from Maine the
night before he started for Eng
land" Mrs. Wiley said. "He said
he was happy in rejoining his crew
because he wouldn't want them to
go without him"
Mrs. Wiley said her sons crew
was assigned to a bomber they
called Double Trouble She said
they flew this ship until last month.
when something happened. and
Sergt Bang was transferred to an
other ship, the Circus.
She said she thought he made his
last flight in this ship.
Evening star., 1943-09-23

much speed. But I got down the
coast all right and through the gap.
Every pilot buzzed the field be-
fore landing that morning. 1t was a
sort of victory buzz with which we
tried to part the hair of the fellows
waiting for us.
When I TAXED to my revetment
there was Col Strickland, our group
leader, waiting. I guess he had
heard me say there was something
wrong wish my wing, and he had
been sort of sweating me in.
How did it go?" he asked.
II got me cargo vessel" I said.
/ didn't know what had hap
pened out there, but knew it was
something big
looked at my watch. It was IL
o'clock.
Every one in?" I asked.
You're the last one"
How did Mayo make out?"
He got a big transport. All he
can tell the intelligence officer is
that 1t was a fat one'-and the fat
ones are the transports"
Tomorrow: The Gunner's
! View.
Evening star., 1943-09-23
Steps Taken 10 Assure
Adequate Supply Of Stoves

The War Production Board and
the Office of Price Administration
took independent steps today to as
sure an adequate supply of cooking
and heating stoves during the fall
and winter months.
OPA authorized dealers and dis
tributors to increase allowable in
ventories of coal and wood stoves by
so per cent between October and
October 30, in order to provide in
creased stocks to meet seasonal de-
mands.
WPB telegraphed queries to cook
ing and heating stove manufacturers
asking specific data on present prob
lens interfering with adequate pro-
duction. Last week the Institute of
Cooking and Heating Appliance
Manufacturers reported that short
ages of manpower and inability to
obtain raw materials were hamper
ing output.
Arthur D. Whiteside, director of
WPB's Office of Civilian Require
ments, said the survey would be
used As basis for immediate cor
rection of any threat to necessary
stove production.