davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1943-09-09
Bureaucrats Destroying
Markets, Surprise Says

oSckDohe markets with a minimum
vi pam Tor the small markets.
Inc status of all markets couItl
nave equltably been preserved, Sur
Pi's says oy the ALLEGATION of plant
e"p'eitieS inc relative positions three
saieS III previous three or five
year period. BY ALLEGATION of plant
capaciiiS the relative positions three
or i've years period. BY ALLEGATION of
plant capacities The relative positjons
vi Inc markets would have been
maintained during the emergency. Bv
allocatlon the burcaucratS would no,
nave had smaller markets indrb.
tea morally. With the markets free
oil obligation to my grotID. free
competition would have been prcscr-
we'd and warchoUsing would not have
been endangered.
Some Oppose Warehouses
mere are some people who uD-
pose the warehouse system. OppuSi-
ton. however does not dcvclopc
among those who have sold crnps
by Other than the auction system.
and have then had the opportunity
To sell the same crops at auction.
Inc Department Of Agriculture was
most act!cc, i'll the middle 1905. in
sponsoring the Malboro, Md, leaf
auction, although today il and its
commodity Credit Corporation are
aiming AT destroying the auction Sys-
tenn.
Last winter the Kentucky leaf
was practically allotted without regard
lied system now pcrcvailS. which
may explain the present low CT
prices for better grade leaf. When
companies know i'll advance that
they may only buy just so mach,
there isn't the need for competition
TO get their portion. which has no
particular relation 10 their needs.
BOgcyman of Grading
Another bOgcymaU is government
grading. Company buyers shaw lille
confidence in the abilities OF the
graders. Idcntically graded b. Skc;S
side by side. arc frequently bought
by one buyer and graded ScpIrU'cly.
The man who is paying Is better
judge than political appointrc vino
most probably would grab Il CON-
pany job at higher ply if il were Of
Tered.
This government grading is sup
posed Ia establish price under which
a company buyer cannot go. So long
as a free market exists, compcti-
ton will hold price, up. and whcu
companies lower grade prices 4 floor
would turn Il whole crop into GOV
eminent h.ndS unless the floor va,
lowered. Naturally. Surprise say.
there are times When government
aid must be available. as in 1899. but
government officials should be cN
pcctcd To be called upon Tor an rT-
ira hand Just the same rs any other
servant expects 10 be called upon
for help. After all. Surprise caa-
tends. government Is The servant of
the people and no freedom exists
when the people become the scr
wants of the government.
Offers support
In support Of his claim that FcdC-
raj agencies would beat down mar
kc,S, Surprise offers press report
of Il year ago:
"GrcCnvillc. Sept. l2-(AP)-J. +.
HutSon. president of the Commodity
Credit Corporation. told hundreds of
farmers from Il half dozen counties
here today that with tobacco uvcraG-
ing about 80 cents pound prices
this season (l942) had been Sullici-
emily nigh"
Although the Henderson IN .rEc;
Sll SO, the number Of far
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1943-09-09

seem to indicate that, on fluc-curcd
markets. lots which are IN excess oI
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1943-09-09
PAGE FIVE

hubbcr is being flown from pana.
INA 'D the United S..',.
Evening star., 1943-04-18
Old Third Street House.

At the time of the Cilley duel 219
Third street was probably Mrs. Patmans
boarding house and, though President
Pierce resided there at one time, during
his service in Congress- yet he also re-
sided during this period at Births, on
Third street near Pennsylvania ave-
Evening star., 1943-04-18

perature at such attitudes is often as low
as SO degrees below zero.
Signal Corps 'pigeoneers' take the
homing instinct for granted. 1t prob
ably is about half instinct" and half
intelligence, for the pigeon is among the
most intelligent of birds. Homers will
endure over Is hours sustained flight to
reach their home loft; they will cover
the distance from Washington, D. c., to
Chicago in 13 hours Easter than train
time); they will fly at mile-a-minute
clip, doing Is miles an hour at their
best; they will not stop for gale, storm
or lightning, but will fly above or around
atmospheric disturbances, and they can
go over 700 miles in single day without
rest.
Why do they fly home? Pigeons are
almost human in their habits and de-
sires. They know that food awaits them
at home; also shelter and rest and the
attention of their master. But most i'm
portant, their mates are there, sitting
on eggs. The pigeon will stick to one
mate throughout life unless forcibly sep
arted. Also he will live in one coop all
his life, unless changed.
The honing instinct is not equally
developed in all pigeons not even in all
homing pigeons. This urge is matter
of selective breeding and development
by training. The common or park
pigeon is the ancestor of all breeds and
is wild creature despite its lack of fear
Evening star., 1943-04-18

and as directed by the will the building
Memorial Home
The corporation has been changed
tWince since it was first incorporated as
the NeWsboys' Home and Childrens Aid
Society. The present corporation Is
known as the Boys Club of Washington,
DC.
When first incorporated, early in 1886,
as the "Newsboys' and Childrens Aid So
ciety Of the District of Columbia the
incorporators were NJ R. Waite, Sam F.
Miller, Joseph K. McCammon. E. M. GAL
laudet, j. w. Thompson, Crosby S. Noyes,
Walter Stilson Hutchins, Mary E. James.
Susan Watts Selfridge, Sarah D. La
Fetra, Rose Adelaide Foster, Mary z.
Hood, Emily Munros Webb, Joseph r.
Hawley and Flora Payne Whitney.
Many Historic Sites.
Indeed this neighborhood Just teens
with interesting sites, and at No 30S O
street we find the home Of Francis Scott
Key, author of The Star Spangled Ban
ner," and around the corner on Indiana
avenue, at No 3l8, once stood the home
of Chief Justice Roger B. Taney of the
Supreme Court of the United States, and
Mr.. Keys brother-in-law.
When the writer paid his visit to this
section a few years ago the southwest
corner of Indiana avenue and Third
street was occupied as a chain store, 302
had been law Office and dwelling. and
3O2, 3O4, BOG and 3O6la had the appear
ance Of having been partly used for busi-
ness and residential purposes.
The Whittlesey home at 308 was occu-
pied for many years by Comfort s. Whit
tlesey, a Seventh street merchant, and
after his death by his widow, Mrs. Vir-
ginia WhittleSey. Her home adjoined
what became known as Blagden row.
where resided Mr.. Justice Taney, who
occupied the farthermost house to the
west of the five houses, and it was in this
house, numbered 3l8, that the venerable
Chief Justice died in 1864.
But since the writer's visit to this sec
ton all the buildings on this side OF Indi-
ana avenue have been removed.
Evening star., 1943-04-18

Soon afterWard the ground was sold
to William B. Todd, who kept a hat
store in the Concert Hall Building on
the north side of Pennsylvania avenue,
between Sixth and Seventh streets, sew
eral doors west of Browns Qater the
Metropolitan Hotel, and who then had
his residence on the north side of F.
street between Tenth and Eleventh
streets.
The idea of the style of the c street
house, according to Mr.. Zevely, "was
suggested to him (Mr. Todd by one he
saw in Hartford, Conn, and from the
owner of that he obtained duplicate
plans and specifications. These and the
lot he sold to the late T. D. Gilman and
the house as it stands today was built by
him. Owing to the sudden death of his
wife, however, Mr.. Gilman lost interest
in the house and sold it to Mr.. Todd
After the death of his widow it was sold
to Charles King, a builder and con-
tractor of this city, and from him it was
purchased during recent years for it's
present use, the George Manesby Memo
rial Home for NeWsboys, the provision
for such home having been made in
the will of Mr.. Maulsby's widow
The house is quite similar in design to
the Swiss chalet, and the owner Of the
one in Hartford patterned his home after
the one he saw in Europe. 1t is two stories
in height-with rooms on each side of a
wide hall-and built of brick with plas-
ter covering, known in those days as mas
tic, in imitation of broWnstone."
Mr.. Todd retired from business in 1862,
when he was succeeded by James Y
Davis. Mr.. Todd died in January, 1873,
Evening star., 1943-04-18

The residence of Jonathan
Cilley at PIG Third street
NV, Uhich he occupied at
the time he fought his duel
1Dith William ]. GraUes. Here
also resided President Frank
lin Pierce, Robert J. Winthrop
and other distinguished men.
liar service on February 81, 1885, when
his prepared remarks were read for him
by Representative John D. Long of Mas
sachusetts.
incidentally, the cornerstone, as laid
in 1848, was cut and exteriorly dressed
by our fellow citizen and later Mayor of
Washington. Matthew G. Emery, at that
time a stone contractor of this city, who
volunteered his services.
James Murray Mason also mentioned
as once resident of this old Third
street home, was member of the House
and also of the Senate, was a native of
the District of Columbia, having been
Evening star., 1943-04-18
BY John Clagett Proctor.

The history of the Municipal Center
and its neighborhood includes so much
valuable and interesting information
that even in years to come writer's on
early Washington will find within its
environs something of sufficient impor-
tance to make a good story.
Take, for instance, the east side of
Third street, where at 319 We find an
old building seemingly in perfect con-
dition, where once resided such notable
men as President Franklin Pierce, James
M. Mason and Robert C. Winthrop while
they were members of Congress and, of
course, the unfortunate Jonathan Cilley
during his brief stay in this city, when
he represented Maine in the House of
Representatives in the Twenty y-ffth
Congress, and was killed in a duel with
William j. Graves, a Representative
from Kentucky, February "a, 1888.
This fine stately brick building of
Colonial architecture has sloping roof,
dormer windows and is typical of so
many of our early Washington homes.
To the lover of the past the picturesque
old doorway stands out in all the splen-
dor of its architectural beauty. Indeed,
real dream, as compared to some of
the slapped-up work We have to view
today. But silently it stands as re-
minder of the early days of the Re-
public when Washington, as we'll as the
Nation, was comparatively in its infancy
A Memorable Duel.
AS to the cause OF the duel between
Cilley and Graves, it can be said with
degree of certainty that it was not of
Cilley's seeking and, indeed, he did
everything honorable to avoid it, but the
sentiment of the period, in favor of
settling disputes and difficulties this way,
made it impossible for him to avoid the
conflict without being branded coward,
and this he surely was not.
Jonathan Cilleys grandfather-Gen
Joseph Cilley-Was one of the party that
dismantled the fort at Portsmouth in
December, 1774, and Immediately after
the battle of Lexington he raised a COM
pany of volunteers and led them into
Boston He was appointed major in
Poors Regiment in ITS and two years
later was commissioned colonel of the
1st New Hampshire Regiment, succeed
Ing Gen. Stark. At Ticonderoga he
commanded his regiment, as he did at
Bem1s Heights, and was with Mad An
Evening star., 1943-04-18
Army Pigeons Are Taught New Tricks

Before the war the Germans had sue
cessfully experimental with aerial re-
connaissance by pigeon. A small auto
matte camera was attached to pigeons
breast in order that pictures would be
taken at predetermined intervals. AL
lied governments know about this device.
Pigeons Aid RAF.
At the start Of the war the British had
every loft in the country visited and
the pigeons freed Birds belonging to
German agents flew back to Germany
empty-legged the messages pigeons
carry being placed in capsules fastened to
their legs.
The Raj tricks the Germans in Occu-
pied Europe by dropping specially de-
signed cages filled with pigeons. On
each cage is written request addressed
to the finder. 1t asks for information
on German army movements, new mu-
milton dumps, locations Of factories and
the like. The next day the Germans
are amazed at another accurately
bombed target. The Germans kill any
person in occupied territory possessing
pigeons except those who have registered
their lofts and pigeons with the German
government.
England now has 100000 homing
pigeons in service, some from the United
States. Pigeons live II to IS years, OF
which about are topnotch flying years.
On plastic bands 4ooo-word messages
may be sent in the tiny capsule on the
birds leg.
Evening star., 1943-04-18

On a recent Berlin raid a member Of
the crew of giant Halifax bomber,
though severely wounded, stuck to his
post until the end Of the flight. He was
recommended for special mention by his
squadron commander.
This incident would be hardly worth
noting, except that the crew member
was a pigeon. The birds beak was shot
off by antiaircraft fire above Berlin.
Homing pigeons are carried on Raj
planes as emergency messengers.
When Gafsa, important American OBJ
jective in Central Tunisia, recently fell
to the Yanks the news was first carried
to headquarters and the outside world by
homing pigeons-evidence that even in
these days of radio these tried mes
sengers of past wars are in demand by
armies.
During the first stages of the Dieppe
raid, when radio silence had to be main
tanned, honing pigeons were used to fly
the first operational message to the home
base in England. Two pigeons released
with duplicate messages Travelled 81
miles in 80 minutes.
The United States Army, recognizing
the value of these war birds, has ac-
cepted many thousands of flne-bred
"homers" and racers" for the Signal
Corps The offspring of these birds now
are being used to fly Army dispatches
with the speed and efficiency required
by modern war. The pigeon is impor-
tant in today's warfare because his mes
sage reaches only those for whom it is
intended.
Keep Pace With Modern War.
BY the end of the First World War
100000 pigeons had been used by the
Allies. These birds carried messages
through machine-gun fire and artillery
barrage. Many delivered their messages
after losing an eye or a leg. "Cher Ami"
saved the Lost Battalion by getting past
German sharpshooters. From 1914 to
1918 SO per cent of the messages sent
by pigeon came through-a percentage
greater than any credited to other trans
portation mediums
Great strides have been made since
World War I in the use of the mobile
loft. 1t previously was assumed that
the objects of the pigeons homing in
stinct-his loft, his mate, his food-must
remain stationary throughout his life.
Observation proved that pigeons lofted
on boats always returned to the same
boat even though it had moved several
miles in the birds absence. Signal Corps
mobile lofts are now accepted as mat
ter of course, the birds needing only a
short time for orientation at each new
position.
Use of the pigeon has kept step with
the use of the airplane. One or two
pigeons are standard equipment of RAF
planes raiding Europe. When planes
crash at sea, pigeons carrying notice of
the exact location are released. When
radios are destroyed in flight and mes
sages still must be sent, pigeons are used
as supplementary means of communi-
cation. Experimental tests conducted by
the Signal Corps and the Army Air
Forces reveal that pigeons can be re-
leased from planes flying $4,000 feet high
and at $50 miles an hour with no pro-
tective device Of any kind. The tenn
Evening star., 1943-04-18

nue.; at Mrs. DoWson's, No. Capitol
Hill, and also, in 1910, at the residence
OF E. L. Childs, west side of Tenth street
between F and G streets. Mr.. Childs
was a principal clerk In the Post Office
Department.
Robert G. Winthrop will be recalled
as an outstanding member of Congress
and foremost speaker Of his day. At
the time of the placing of the corner
stone OF the Washington Monument,
July 4, 1848, Mr.. Winthrop delivered the
Grafton. and was only prevented by ILL
ness from performing somewhat SIM
Evening star., 1943-04-18

and his widow continued to reside in the
old home until her death.
After taking over the building at Third
and c streets, the building was improved
and a large gymnasium added on the
Third street side. Today there are four
branches of the club in the city, together
serving upward of 1000 boys.
The officers of the Board of Managers
now serving include Frank r. Jelleff,
Evening star., 1943-04-18

born on Analostan Island in 1898 (and
not in Fairfax County, Va- as stated in
the Biographical Directory Of the
United States. He is best known as
having joined the Confederacy in 1861,
and for his part In the Mason -Slidell
episode of November 8, 1861, when he
and John Slidell were taken from the
British ship Trent and made prisoners
aboard the United States sloop OF war
Jacinto. They were taken to Fort War;
rem, Boston Harbor, and released Janu-
ary 2, 1862.
Other Old Dwellings.
Northward of the Cilley house, on the
west side of Third street, at No. 226, still
stands an old dwelling where once re-
sided President Millard Fillmore who
later moved to the Pitman boarding
house lower down the street.
On the southwest corner of Third and
c streets stood until recent years the
Crosby House, erected about 1886, as the
private residence of Cary Selden.
Across the street at the southeast
corner of this intersection, or No. 23O C
street, is the George Maulsby Memorial
Home for Newsboys and Childrens Aid
Society, part of the Boys Club of
Washington.
Indeed, the history of this old home
and its site dates back to about 1945,
when, according to Douglass Zevely,
writing for the Columbia Historical So
ciety, the ground was purchased by D.
w. Middleton, who at the time intended
to erect there home for himself, but
instead erected dwelling elsewhere.
Evening star., 1943-04-18

ton, D. c..
thony Wayne at the storming of Stony
Point.
At the battle of Monmouth, in 1778,
the following story is related of him:
He was in command of a body of his
regiment moving toward a rail fence
enemy moving toward the same fence.
The British officer ordered his men, when
the damned rebels mounted that fence,
to fire upon them. Upon that Col. Cilley
answers, Two can play at that, sir and
coming near to the fence he ordered the
men in the front rank to hand their
guns to the file covering them, and take
up that fence and lay it PROSTATE. and
not break time. 1t was done in an
instant. The British, seeing this,
changed their front and took a retro
grade march. In civil life this venerable
Evening star., 1943-04-18
BY the National Geographic Society.

society.
of man and it's choice of habitat The
carrier pigeon, often confused in the
public mind with the homing pigeon, Is
a "show-bird" probably named for its
fine carriage, not because it carries
messages.
The sport of pigeon racing is prob
ably as universal as any sport. 1t has
its most devoted fans in Belgium,
where pigeon races attract proportion
atelv much larger crowds than our
World Series. The racing pigeon is a
homer. bred for speed. All world speed
records are now held by pigeons which
have been bred and trained by American
pigeon fanciers.
A Roman War Bird.
The pigeons history as a war bird
begins in Roman times. Brutus, be-
sieged in city by Mark Antony, sent
a pigeon messenger to the Consuls for
help. During the Crusades Saracens
used pigeons until the Christians set
hawks and falcons upon the smaller
birds. William the Silent sent messages
by pigeons during the siege of Harlem
in 1878. French use of the birds in the
1870 siege of Paris was so effective that
the Germans had to use hawks to
break it up.
The Chinese attach small bamboo or
reed whistles of different keys to all
birds in flock to produce a pleasing
melody as they fly, as well as to fright
en- off birds of prey.
Evening star., 1943-04-18

chairman of the board; DR.. Chester D.
SWope, president: James A. Dent, secre-
tary, and Col. Henry P. Erwin, treasurer.
The vice presidents are Emory Hutchison,
Albert w. Lee in charge of the Eastern
Branch; Dwight R. Cooke, in charge Of
Central Branch, and Lee C. May, In
charge of the Georgetown Branch.
The Maulsby home was purchased
from the heirs of Elizabeth G. Todd,
widow of William B. Todd, for $22 500,
Dirva = Field. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1915-current, 1943-07-09
ARGENTINOS MAUI
IA VYRIAUSYBE
DRAUGINGA
LIETUVAI

BUENOS AIRES. = Gegu-
zes 20, Lietuvos Pasiuntinys
Pietu Amerikai DR.. Grauzinis
ir ponia Grauziniene surenge
pusrycius naujam Argentinos
Uzsienio Reikalu ministeriui
ir jo poniai pagerbti.
Pusryciuose tarp kitu daily
vavo ir Apastaliskas Nuncijus,
FUzsienio reikalu vice ministe-
ris, Graikijos ir Dominikonu
Respublikos ministerial SUI sa-
Ivo znnonomis; LatVijos Charge
d'Affafres if zurnalo Criteric
redaktorius.' Lake pusryciy
seimininkai turejo progos pa
pasakoti sveciams apie Tevy,
mes Liettvos padeti.
Kaip zinoma, pasikeitus Ar
gentinos vyriausybei, nauja
Uzsieniu Reikalu Minister'S vi
ce admirolas r. Storm Birze
lio 8 d. oficialiai pranese Lie
tuvos. Nepaprastam Pasiunti.
niui if Igaiotam Ministeriu
Dr. Grauziniui apie naujos Ar.
gentinos Vyriausybes susida.
ryma ir apie jos nora palaiky,
I'll tradiciniai draugingus san.
tikius SUI Lietuva.
Caves sia nota, Lietuvos Pa
Jsiuntinis tuojau patvirtino jos
gaVima ir is savo puses parei.
ske kad des visas pastangas
draugingu santikiu palaikymu
tarp Lietuvos ir Argentinos.
Dirva = Field. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1915-current, 1943-07-09
;g st....te, J.;
RUPINAMASI VAlS-
'TAIS LIETUVAI

Didelis' vaistu trukumas Lie
tuvoje yra tapes nuolatiniu ru-
pesniu Lietuvos istaigu kaip
Europoje taip ir cionai. Tuo
reikalu yra susidomeje kaip
Tarptautinis Raudonasis Kry-
zius sveicarijoje, taip Ameri-
kos r. Kryzius Washingtone.
Yra patirta kick ir, ypac ko-
kin vaistu reikia, Betgi dar
nenugaleta kliutis gludi karo
veiksmu apystovose: is vienos
puses del alijantu blokados to-
Ii ne viska galima kas reiktu
siusti, is kitos puses nieko ne
galima siusti Lietuvon neuzsi-
tikrinus kad vaistu siuntiniai
pasiektu patikimas LietuviQ
istaigas okupuotoje Lietuvoje.
Kaip tik kliutys bus pasalin-
tos, vaistu pasiuntimas gales
ivykti.
Dirva = Field. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1915-current, 1943-07-09
PAVIENIAI RUPINASI
UZTARIMU

Cia mes paduodame tik dale
le 'tu ziauriu metodu kuriuos
praktikuoja Vokieciai. Lietu-
vial neturi jokiu savo istaigQ,
nei instituciju ar organiza'ciju
kurios galetu uzstoti uz tuos
nelaimingus arba jiems pade-
ii. Todel keli autoritetingi W.
raj, matydami savo zmoniu
varga, isdryso isdestyti tuos
faktus ir prase okupantu Vo-
kieciu sustabdyti kolonizacija
ir del to vykdinimo budo susi-
dariusi chaosa kuris veda prie
katastrofos. Vokieciai nenori
prisipazinti prie kolonizacijos
vykdymo, kalba apie repatri-
antq sugrazinima, bet tas ais
kiai matosi is praktikos ir is
paciu autoritetu issireiskimu.
Jie sake: ''Mes nevartosim
senu budu kolonizavimui, tai
yra primetant Vokieciu kalba
bel istatymus vietos gyvento-
jams; mes pasirupinsim nau-
jas teritorijas apgyvendinti
grynais Vokieciais turinciais
savyje tikra Germaniska krau-
ja".
Kitas ju pareiskimas:
'1s uzkariautu tautu Vokie-
CLANS jokios naudos nera. &C.
riausia jas stumti kuo toliau
j rytusv'
Ia patvirtina ir kitas fax
tas kad Vokieciai isviso nelei-