davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-05-28

households perfect order and dis
cipline prevailed; the children were
controlled by glance or q gesture.
But in the other home the younger
generation was governed by sys-
tematic torture; a youngster was
pinched into obedience. When the
father OF the better behaved family
noticed that the American guest was
troubled by the spectacle of such
cruelty, he patiently explained to him
that when a child is really bad, bit
of dry weed is twisted into a cone,
set on the childs bare abdomen and
burned"
Power of endurance undoubtedly is
produced by such savage methods of
correction. The japanese are race
that can endure suffering. It hap
pens also that they have the weak
nesses of the Spartan theory of
society. Nobody trusts them. They
have no friends. Even the Germans,
as reliable witnesses repeatedly have
testified, dislike them.
Evening star., 1943-05-28
The Casualty Lists

4AeIe Is no comfort to be derived
from any casualty list save the
thought that it might have been
larger. But in this sense there is
cause for profound gratitude that
the casualties thus far on Attu, and
the completed totals for the Tunisian
campaign announced yesterday by
Secretary Stimson, are far smaller
than the nature of these battles and
the devastating power of modern
weapons OF warfare might have led
one to fear. Other factors may have
been equally responsible, but the
conclusion is justified that our
men were we'll led, well trained and
that the infantry, which usually suf-
fers most, was we'll protected by the
co-ordinated preparation and protec-
ton of other arms.
Any offensive is apt to be expensive.
But the obvious hazards of the at
tack on Attu, under the notorious
handicaps OF weather and terrain in
that area, led many to fear that no
matter how valuable might have been
the objective, our soldiers would pay
heavy price to attain it. And of
Tunisia, we were warned repeatedly,
and with good reason, that we must
be prepared for far greater casualties
than those actually suffered. The
fact that more Axis soldiers were
killed in this campaign than were
wounded testif1es to the fury of the
attack as well as the strong defense
up to the moment of final, unex-
pected collapse. The relatively light
casualties by the Allies seem, in con-
sequence, even more surprising.
Although it may be statisticallv
Irrelevant, without taking into ac-
count many other factors, it is inter-
esting to compare the total losses
OF the Allies-"less than 7OOOO"-
during the seven-month Tunisian
campaign with the $4,000 casualties,
on both sides, during the three-day
Battle of Gettysburg; the 1900
casualties suffered by Hooker's army
at Characteristic in eight days of
fighting, with the 1858 casualties
in the American forces from the time
of landing in Africa to the surrender
and mopping up after Bizerte.
The nature of warfare, of course,
has changed with the increasing
effectiveness of weapons. A few ma
chine guns would make mass suicide
OF a Pickett's charge. An advance
by infantry these days is more rem
iniscent of Indian fighting than the
massed slugging matches of Civil
War days. Our soldiers are learning
to kill, but, of equal Importance, they
are also taught how not to be killed.
The relatively light losses at Attu
and In Tunisia reflect the thorough
ness of this training, which will i'm
prove with every lesson learned on
the field of battle General Marshall
once said that the parents of our
soldiers should demand, above all
things, officers whose unrelenting,
strict discipline and training of the
men they lead would make their bows
fit for battle. This training, tough,
hard and perhaps cruel at times, pays
dividends in lives saved later on.
Evening star., 1943-05-28
ALEXANDRIA, Va.

Lear ST.
Il would like to know how long it will
take for me to win the confidence of
the birds?
Il have been feeding them for two
years, and still, they act afraid of me.
"Tnis rather hurts my feelings, be-
cause I have tried to be good to them,
and have put out plenty Of good food for
them the year around.
They fly away the moment I appear
in the yard. You would think they would
know me by this time. The moment
60 in, they fly down again.
II remember letter in your column
some time ago, In which writer ad-
vanced the theory that the birds really
believe they are stealing food which does
not belong to them.
Il do not like to believe such theory,
but from my own experience am almost
forced to admit that there may be some
thing in it.
do you think that II keep on being
kind to the birds, they at last will well
come me into my own yard, or at least
not act quite SO afraid Of me?
Sincerely, j. B. T."
1t takes about 10 years to make the
birds in given yard feel quite "at home"
with the owner.
This is because a new strain Of birds
must be bred up for each yard where
bird feeding is carried on.
1t may seem long time, but 1t is we'll
worth it.
In our own experience, 1t has required
exactly that time, or maybe year less,
for the songsters to act what we prefer
to look upon as natural.
The change began year ago, that is
after nine years of intensive feeding
Then we discovered that the birds,
especially those which summer here, did
not seem so "jlttery" when we went into
the garden.
Before this, every one had flown away
at the opening of the back, or kitchen,
door.
Now a. few of them remained.
For another thing, the birds were much
quicker in finding any feeding station
which had been taken away from an old
position and placed in new one
Over many years, they had required
from a full day to four or five days to
find the new location, and to begin to
eat normally.
This time they discovered the station
in two or three hours.
X X X
During the 10th year, we found that
all the BIRDS especially the catbirds,
mockingbirds and robins, as we'll as a
few wood thrushes, were very much more
friendly than they had ever been.
The only explanation, as we see it, is
that race of birds has been bred which
are used to the yard, and to the people
In 1t, and to the varied possibilities in
the placement of feeding stations.
Evening star., 1943-05-28
Complete Agreement

The announcement that the COM
bined British American military
stats have reached complete agree
ment on future operations In all
theaters Of war"-when given a lit
eral interpretation-is development
which augurs well for the future.
For some months past there have
been reports in Washington of diff
ferences of opinion between our own
military leaders and the British.
These differences have been as trivial,
or as serious, as the latest rumor to
find its way into circulation. Ac-
cording to some versions, the whole
conduct OF the war had been put in
Jeopardy; others have pictured the
disagreements as of little or no con-
sequence. And, as is generally the
case, the truth probably has lain
somewhere between these extremes.
The probabilities are that both
staffs, and certainly those at the
top, have been in agreement on the
basic strategy calling for the defeat
of the Axis in Europe before under
taking full-scale war in the Pacific.
The differences, such as they were,
have had to do with the tactical
means OF implementing this STRAIT
egy-the emphasis which should be
placed on the conduct of the war
against Japan within the framework
OF the "beat Hitler first" strategy. It
Is quite likely that this has also in
volved some disagreement as to the
conduct OF the war in Europe. The
available evidence indicates that
members OF the American staff take
more serious view than the British
OF the difficulties inherent in defeat
ing Japan II the Japanees are given
the time they need to dig in"
throughout the vast territory they
have conquered. In some American
quarters, at least, the opinion has
prevailed that greater risks should
be taken to hasten the conclusion of
the war in Europe so that the mill
tary energies of both Britain and the
United States can be concentrated
against Japan at the earliest possible
moment. It is believed, on the other
hand, that the British, or some of
them, have advocated a more eau
tious, but slower, policy in Europe.
II this is the true measure of the
differences which have prevailed, it
is evident that they have had to do
with the methods of carrying out the
basic Allied strategy and not with
the strategy itself. Nevertheless, it
has been disagreement capable of
producing harmful consequences, and
If the Presidents statement of yes
terday means that all OF the differ
enceS have been ironed out, there can
be no doubt that the Allies are in a
better position to face the test that
is IN the ofhng.
There remains, of course, the uues-
ton Of Stalin's place in this picture.
Presumably, this is the subject of the
letter which Joseph Davies is bring
ing back from Moscow, but, pending
further disclosures, it is a safe as
sumption that the complete agree
ment" between the British and
American staffs is an agreement
which also carries the Endorsement
Of the Soviet leader.
Evening star., 1943-05-28
Trade Agreements Issue

An excellent case against the un-
warranted delegation of legislative
power to the executive branch OF the
Government was made out by Sena-
tor OMahoney Of Wyoming in his
National Radio Forum address We'd
nesday night.
The Senator argued, and it is in
controvertibly true, that we cannot
continue to have a democratic form
OF government If Congress is going
to abdicate its functions. Nor can it
be denied that in recent decades.
and particularly during the past ten
years, the trend toward the surrender
OF legislative power to the President
and to the myriad Of bureaus, COM
missions and agencies found in the
executive branch of government has
been accelerated to an alarming
degree. Yet, granting the validity
OF these points made by Senator
O'Mahoney, it is not easy to follow
his reasoning as he seeks to apply his
broad objections to unwarranted
delegations Of power to the particu-
lar issue presented by the proposal to
reserve to Congress veto power over
individual trade agreements nego-
tiated under the Reciprocal Trade
Agreements Act.
Undoubtedly, 1t is necessary that
Congress delegate a certain amount
of legislative authority to the execu-
tive branch. Such agencies as the
Interstate Commerce Commission,
the Securities and Exchange Com
mission and the National Labor Rela-
tions Board, to mention but a few.
perform functions which cannot be
exercised directly by Congress. And,
in order to do this, legislative author
lty must be delegated to them. The
problem is to delegate this authority
wisely and to control its exercise so
that the agencies do not function in
manner that is in conflict with the
will of Congress or injurious to the
Nation.
So far as the record shows, it is not
contended that the trade agreements
which have been negotiated with
some tWenty-nine countries conflict
in any way with the specifications
laid down by Congress in the act, nor
is it claimed that they have been
injurious to the United States. On
the contrary, the evidence on both
points is overwhelmingly to the con-
trary.
Why, then, should Congress begin
to reclaim its surrendered legislative
powers by attacking at a point where
the executive branch has used the
authority delegated to it in a most
beneficial manner? The trade agree
ments which have been negotiated.
and those which it is hoped to nego-
tiate in the future, seem to offer the
best hope of creating a more stable
international economy. What useful
purpose would be served by exposing
them to the political influences that
would inevitably arise if it were nee
essary to obtain approval of Congress
before any agreement could become
final, or If Congress were to insist
upon the right to veto any agreement
after it had been negotiated? If
Congress wants to seek out and re-
capture powers which it has improp-
erly given away, there would seem to
be many other directions in which
this quest could be more fruitfully
undertaken.
Evening star., 1943-05-28
Garden Surplus
Already = Problem.
To the Editor Of The Star

To the Editor Of The Star:
Now that every one who can do 50 Is
participating in the Victory garden plan,
what becomes Of their overflow?
Already radishes, quantities Of garden
lettuce and other fresh vegetables are
being left In the ground too long.
It is about time that some organization
to distribute the excess garden produce
began to function.
Why not deliver the goods to the
nearest markets to be disposed of
T.. O. II.
Evening star., 1943-05-28

@. If Grand Coulee Dam were hollow,
how many people would it hold?-E. L. H.
A. It would hold every person in the
United States.
@. What is the derivation of the word
"cellophane"?-D. H. B.
A. The name was devised by Jacques
E. Brandenberger, Swiss inventor, from
the first syllable OF "cellulose" and the
Greek word "phaneros,' meaning glass
like or transparent"
@. What color is best for Japanese
beetle traps?-H. D.
A. japanese beetles prefer yellow and
In one State it was found that yellow
test traps captured so per cent more
beetles than those Of other color.
@. Where did the disease commonly
referred to as athletes foot originate?-
B. W. B.
A. Medical authorities believe that
athletes foot originated in the Orient.
G. How many fish go from fresh to
salt water to spawn?-E. K
A. The common fresh water eel Is tho
only American fish known to do this.
Q. Did the Mormons give the religious
names to the peaks in Zion National
Park, Utah?-B. G. H.
A. The titles, such as the Altar OF
Sacrifice, the Great White Throne and
Angels Landing were given by the fiery
nd
Fisher. He visited the canyon in 1911
and named many of the outstanding
peaks.
@. Is the house at Wakefield, Va, a
replica of the one in which George
Washington was born?-S. w.
A. The present Memorial Mansion is
not duplicate of the original dwelling,
no authentic picture of which has been
found. However, it conforms architec-
turally to the traditional home of a Vir-
ginia planter.
Q. What is the all-time speed record
for marching army?-T F..
A. The record for sustained marching
Is probably that of Alexanders infantry
forces, who after the Battle of Arbela
travelled at the rate of 361a miles day
for II days.
@. What is the significance of the title
OF Russell ConWell's famous speech,
Acres of Diamonds?"-R. B. D.
A. The author showed by means of
anecdotes that the world is filled with
the diamonds of opportunity, merely
waiting to be recognized, used and poll
ished into success.
@. What became of the Charter Oak
OF Connecticut?-E. N. N.
A. The famous tree stood until 1856,
when it was blown down in a storm.
Some OF the wood was used to make the
handsome Governors chair in the State
Capitol at Hartford.
@. Does any State beside Delaware use
part of a circle in its boundary?-M. FIN.
A. Delaware's northern boundary has
the only part Of circle used anywhere
In the United States as State boundary.
@. Who is the foremost parachute
jumper?-H. S.
"A. Parachute-Ju jumping records are not
officially recognized in the United States.
j. Floyd Smith in Parachutes says that
probably the greatest artist at parachute
jumping was Spud Manning, who on
March l, 1881, at Los Angeles, Calf.
jumped 1865 feet. He fell 1926 feet
before pulling his rip cord. His average
rate OF descent was 225 miles per hour.
A certified barograph was strapped to
his back.
Evening star., 1943-05-28
Letters to the Editor
Expresses Appreciation
For Publicity.

L1PE CsscS HPPcCTdIT0H
For Publicity.
To the Editor of The Star:
On behalf OF all Junior War Bond
Savers and the committee, I want to
extend our deepest thanks for your CO.
operation and publicity which made our
affair Tuesday night the huge success
it was.
Please extend our thanks to all your
people who helped us.
Thank you.
ESTELLA M. VOLK, Leader,
(Jewish) Girl Scout Troop No. 5,
and Jr. War Bond Savers
Evening star., 1943-05-28

Hitler radios to Won Arnim, "The
last efforts and conduct of your
troops will be an example to the
entire army of the Greater Reich"
For once We sincerely hope that
Adolf Is right.
Evening star., 1943-05-28

Stain Removal-There is a rem
edy for every stain-and these are
given in this authoritative Gov
eminent publication. The demands
of war make it necessary for all of
us to try to prolong the life of our
clothing and household linens, and
this can only be accomplished by
constant care. Have a copy of this
practical booklet at hand-the index
will guide you to the treatment of
the particular stain you wish to
eradicate. To secure your copy
inclose 5 cents in coin wrapped in
this clipping and mail to The Star
Information Bureau.
Address
Evening star., 1943-05-28

Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address of
the 7Uriter, although the use OF
a pSeudonym for publication is
permissible. The Star reSerUes
the right to edit all letters 1uith
q UieU to condensation.
Evening star., 1943-05-28

To the Editor Of The Star:
The letter from Mrs. Estella Bucknam
in your issue of May "a suggests that
she is not conversant with events fol-
lowing the First World War. Also, that
she has had no experience of hunting
in England or in other parts of Europe,
where the sport is one of the chase, not
of shot and shell. In Great Britain I
found it to be available to all classes.
The farmer is the most ardent supporter
of it., and If any damage is done, pay
ment for 1t is met from hunt funds.
Apart from indulging in the sport, or
viewing the chase, the middle class"
(and all other classes are quite unaf-
fected.
1t is, however, generally conceded that
one must raise ones hat to the British
for taking the hardest knocks without
murmur or squeal; likewise the great
est of victories or successes without
ballyhoo. LUCIFER.
To the Editor of The Star:
I should like to correct Mrs. Estella
Bucknam's letter about the English and
England.
Firstly, the reason why England was
unprepared for war was because she
spent most of the 10 years prior to the
war trying to help preserve peace. The
United States was doing this, too.
1t is not easy to realize now, but dur
ing that period the world in general
hoped and believed that we had reached
a reasonable state of civilization in which
there would be no major wars and
gradual elimination of smaller ones
The eventual world peace certainly
will not come to pass through every
nation efficiently arn1ing to the teeth.
1t will come from all countries remain
ing unarmed and not wanting war and
such a state of affairs cannot be brought
about without leadership. Up to 1888
England was one of the leaders, and
therefore is not to be sneered at for
incompetency.
Your correspondent asls. Where were
Evening star., 1943-05-28
Huskin's Answers
To Questions
BIZ Frederic J. HdSEt7,.

oU TICUCItC y. IUohpU.
A reader can get the dns1Der to any
question of fact by 1Drttino The Eue-
ming Star Information Bureau, Fred
eric J. Haskin, director, Washington.
Dc Please inclose stamp for return
postage.
@. How many Axis generals have been
captured?-F. A.
A. Reports state that at least Ill Ger
man and Italian generals have been
captured by British and American forces
since the beginning Of the war.
@. How large is the vocabulary Of the
average well-read person?-S. D. L.
A. The late Dr. vizetelly, noted lex
icographer, said that such person Is
able to define and understand about
10000 words. The same person in con-
versation and writing will command
$4,000 to 10000.
Q. What Is the smallest owl that lives
In this country?-S. M.
A. The elf owl is the tiniest in North
America, being no larger than a sparrow.
Evening star., 1943-05-28

JAIN MARLIN.
To the Editor OF The Star:
Free Americans do have the right to
criticism, If 1t is Just.
AS to where were the smart men Of
England they are dead. They died in
the First World War. A whole generation
was wiped out Anthony Eden is about
the only representative of that genera
ton, as Dorothy Thompson pointed out
recently. England's leaders were old
men without vision (and without vision
the people perish) The people were
weary of war and wanted to pursue
their own separate ways just as the
United States did. England never has
been isolationist Free trade has ever
been her policy till the United States
built high tariff walls and compelled
others to do likewise.
Our oceans have been policed by the
English. Is that no contribution to the
general welfare? All European countries
have and are contributing great men to
our country. There are no more unjust
rules in Europe than there are in the
United States. We are an infant ma
ton, with just as many problems to
solve as any other nation, and we never
will solve them with hate in our hearts.
God is not Knocked, and "a new COM
mandment I give unto you, that YOU
love one another is not a request. but
commandment.
England has 100000 people crowded
into space the size of California. How
can there be thousands and thousands
OF acres for high hats" to hunt on?
Compared to the great American play
grounds, the Sun Valleys, the Yosemites,
England's Fairgrounds are like postage
stamps
England IS the home of democracy.
For thousand years the common peo-
pie have known what to do with their
leaders. They sometimes beheaded them,
And they have carried law, liberty and
freedom into every corner of the globe,
M. D. T.
Evening star., 1943-05-28
Letter of Criticism Of Britain
Brings Sheaf of Replies.

To the Editor OF The Star:
The letter written by Mrs. Estella
Bucknam, criticizing the English people
is just about the most stupid and selfish
one I've ever read. To speak OF the loss
OF $4,000 lives in so stupid way as If
they were pigs and not the human lives
they were, is repulsive.
Naturally, we can criticize anybody
AS free people. But how can she feel
that American leaders didn't know what
was going on in Europe?
We certainly were isolationist. And
what makes her think that the Ameri-
can people are so righteous that they do
not deserve few hard knocks, too?
Having known both the good and bad
in Americans, I say that the common
people in England-or most any other
country-are as valiant as we are.
MISS GAY ADAMS.
Evening star., 1943-05-28

the smart men Of the country them"
The smart men were the honest, think
ing men who were working for peace
and right now they are fighting as we'll
as working for the same cause.
AS to England getting some good hard
knocks to make them see the real impor-
tant issues of life" this is very harsh
statement, particularly as England and
the United States have been progressive
in dealing with industrial and social
problems during the past quarter of a
century and have often compared notes
to mutual advantage.
JACK MARTIN.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-04-27
Kelly Signs Bill
For Relief of
Hospital

LANSING, April 27-The legiS-
lative bill permitting the transfer
of overflow mental patients from
EloiSe Hospital 10 private inStitu-
tons was law today.
Gov. Kelly. after expressing dis
with the measure orig
inally, signed it over the objections
of the state hospital commission
Under the new law, the super
intcndent of Eloise may place
patients in private hospitals when
there is no room for them in any
state hospital within so miles. The
state will pay 43 per cent of the
cost. estimated at So a day, the
county concerned the rest.
II am approving this as
temporary measure" the COVER
nOE~Ssid. 1T il far from the
right answer to difficult prob
lem hut il will have To do until
the next legislative session"
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-04-27
By MARION HARGROVE

The question further, BuShcml
started upthe talk anew 1--WE got
Ia get haircut" he said. should
get "A GI haircut or Just run a
lawn mower over my head? The
lawn mower does "A prettier job. u
why don't you just burn off
the brush ." | asked him. That
il the cheapest way"
Lets see" said the sergeant.
"He wasn't here all day today
and he didn't come in yesterday
and he didn't show up for sup
per the night before last. Is he
sick >"
He would have been" said
Bishop eli he hadn't got de-
cent meal soon"
II can remember MulVehill
Just like he WAS right here with
us even now" | said He was "A
fine, noble. sensitive lad. He had
beautiful career before him i'm
the army. Fate can ruin any of
us by tossing in the tiniest little
monkey wrench-OT the tough
est little biscuit. l hated To see
MuIvehill 60 over the hill"