davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-05-11
Letters to the Editor

Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address of
the Writer, although the use OF
a pseudonyna for publication is
permissible. The Star reserves
the right to edit all letters Nth
q Uie1D to condensation,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-05-11

one OF us when we watch the guard at
the Unknown Soldiers Tomb. That, too,
"does something" to true American.
H. JIG.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-18
How Jobs Are Created

Such language disastrously OBJ
Scures the main issue. You cannot
take Whit of free enterprise" or
stretch of a way of life" and start
factory with it. To start factory,
and TO start the jobs inside that fac
tory, you have to have savings. You
have to have money. You have to
have capital.
1t, takes thousands of dollars of
capital to equip really modern fac
tory with the machinery for one job
for one wage worker. Freedom and
Americanlsm are the atmosphere.
But capital is the seed in the soil.
Unless we produce that seed, andm-
less ne plant it, there will be no new
crops Of private jobs for the Ameri-
can people when this war is over.
Right there is the basic point, |
think, in all planning for American
postwar prosperity. And right there
is the reason why do not hesitate
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-18

the WPA. Why did he ever establish
it, Because business was not giving
full employment. If business again
fails to give full employment, there
will be another WPA. This will be
so under any president. The first
president ever to do anything of any
importance for the relief of the I'M
employed during depression was
Republican, Herbert Hoover. He
set the precedent. The precedent has
grown. Public indignation against
unemployment, against its misery of
body, against its misery of mind,
has grown. No American president
will ever again permit American
citizens to be unemployed. They will
be employed by business or they will
be employed by the government.
| say that business can employ
all American citizens except those
needed for absolutely necessary gov
ernmental functions. 1t can do it if
it plans for it.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-18
The Real Threat

Hardly anybody in America delib-
erately wants totalitarianism. What
threatens us is unintentional totali-
tarianism. Unless we use our heads,
we can slip into it absentmindedly.
On the subject of taxes, some meet
ings have been started in Washing
ton between economic experts rep
rescnting the Chamberof Commerce
of the United States, the National
Association of Manufacturers, the
American Federation of Labor and
the Congress of Industrial Organiza-
tons. Labor today has its thinkers,
just as management has its thinkers.
| am hoping that these thinkers may
arrive at many points of agreement
as to future taxes.
Everybody now is willing to be
taxed right down to his last crust of
bread rather than let the Axis win.
But what about the day after VIC
tory? How do we resume and con-
tinue and expand and improve our
economic freedom aswehave known
ito
Business leaders are putting much
thought upon this problem. They
sometimes do not realize that labor
leaders are, too. think it extremely
significant and hopeful that the
American Federation of Labor has
made recommendations to the Con-
gress as follows:
"Provision should be made for the
return, in cash, after the war, of
part of the present high taxes. We
can we'll be guided by the English
policy which proposes to return a
high percentage of the taxes now as
scssed against low-income workers.
Corporations also need postwar re-
serve in order to convert their taciH-
ties from War use TO peace use and in
order TO maintain employment. We
think that any corporation called on
to pay more than Is percent of its
total net income under the war taxa
ton laws should be eligible to re-
ccive refund of such excess when
the war is over"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-18
Labor's Great Friend

Do sound old-fashioned? In this
age, which is prone to think about
weltare without thinking about the
~ealth which is necessary to welfare,
do | sound reactionary'Is summon to
my aid one of the wisest friends of
labor and Of business that this coun-
try has ever had: the late Mr.. Justice
Brandeis. Addressing a trade union
audience in Boston, Justice Brandeis
once said:
1T is absolutely essential that
business be profitable. | do not
mean merely that the business should
not be run at a loss. | mean that the
business should be run under such
conditions that the owner is willing
to risk his capital in the business"
Note: risk his capital" Mr.. Bran
deis, the sociological and judicial
innovator and pioneer, was for capt.
talism; and, under his great shadow.
| am, too, without apology.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-18

us businessmen. We are too mealy-
mouthed about the basic principle
of our economic system. We have
been intimidated by all the TRADES
against "bloated capitalists" and
swollen profits" We fear that the
word capitalism is unpopular. So VIC
take refuge in ncbulous phrase and
talk about the Free Enterprise
System And we even run to cover
in the folds of the flag and talk about
the American Way Of Life"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-18

IT AM for capitalism; and almost all
labor leaders | know are really
just as much for it as am. They
do not go along with the idea that
Capitalism is dead" They know
that either private business or gov
eminent bureaucracy must save this
country when the war is over; and
they prefer private business.
They have a sound reason. You
cannot strike against a government.
You cannot even truly bargain with
a government. Wages and hours in
government employment are fixed
by public law. No group of govern
ment employees can overturn public
law enacted by the Congress and
backed by the army and navy. In
any knockdown contest between
government and union, the union
is beaten from the start.
A CIO leader in Washington had
good sense when he remarked the
other day: Il would rather bargain
with any private employer than with
any bureaucrat. The bureaucrat has
jails."
Labor and business therefore can
be firm allies in preventing the gov
standardization of this country. |
fear no direct effort by labor to de-
stroy business in favor of govern
ment. What | fear is that people in
general - including millionswhoarc
wageworkers apd millions who arc
not 49, may forget Just what it is that
makes business go.
For this | very considerably blame
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-18
Who Suffers Most Under
Governmental Recommendation

Experienced labor leaders gcncr-
ally quite agree with Mr.. Brandcis.
William Green, President of the
American Federation of Labor, re.
Gently said:
If this country ever gets system
of governmental RECOMMENDATION, la
Dor will suffer most. Labor, there
fore, isdeeply interested in the pres
ervation of private business; and
labor should eperlas1ngly maintain
that The oWners and managers Of
business are entitled TO a fair and
just return upon their investments"
Mr.. Green, | hope, will cverlast-
ingly try to teach that truth to all
his followers, Business can get no.
where by starving labor. When it
starves labor, it is starving the pur-
chasers Of its own products. But la
Dor, similarly, cannot get anywhere
by starving capital When it makes
demands which starve capital of all
profits and savings, it is preventing
the creation of new capital and thus
preventing the creation of new and
better jobs. 1t is starving its own fu-
ture.
People will never 7derstand this
point unless We say capitalism.
The same remark ca, y made on
the point of taxes.
Just because we have not 5, d capt.
talism, a great many people = in
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-18
Providing Postwar Employment

Providing Post War Employment
Here is frank recognition of the
proposition that for postwar pros
perlty we need not only freedom but
freedom plus capital. Our taxes after
the war must permit both employers
and employees to stand on their own
feet and not become wards of the
government. This objective was ad-
mlrably stated the other day by
Robert Watt, labor leader of great
prominence in government wartime
agencies. He said:
After this war want no gigantic
governmental Reconstruction Fl
nance Corporation to finance bust
ness and dominate it; and | want no
gigantic governmental Works Prog
ress Administration to employ labor
and dominate it"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-18
Necessity for Planning

Business and labor should be able
to unite toward that end with good
will. We should have a closer COOP
Grafton between business and labor
IN the future than we have ever had
in the past. By cooperation | do not
mean surrender, either by business
to labor or by labor to business. BY
cooperation | mean that both sides
should jointly bring forth better
fruits of efficiency and productivity.
Labor should drop all make
work" devices. 1t should drop all
devices for getting paid for work not
necessary or for work not done. 1t
should drop all merely negative re-
sistance to Improvements of ma
chimes and of methods. 1t should
universally adopt the positive policy
which some outstanding unions have
already adopted. That is, it should
help management to improve pro-
cesses and to reduce costs. More than
1900 labor management committees
are doing this now in the course of
the ''War Production Drive" to win
the war. They should keep on doing
ltafter the war to make thepeace also
a victory. They should master and
memorize one other remark once
made by Justice Brandeis. He, said:
The one final way in which we can
improve the condition of the worker
is to produce more, in order that
there may be more to divide"
Capitalism has been the greatest
force that the world has ever known
for increased production. Labor in
the future could greatly help to
make that force even more success
full.
But business also must openitseycs
to newer and better performance.
The President recently abolished
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-18

polling booths and in legislativebod-
les = have thought that you can tax
business just as much as you like
and still have Free Enterprise" and
"the American Way of Life" You
cannot. Because: Just suppose that
you taxed all new savings and all
new profits and all new capital out
of private hands into the public
treasury. What would you have
left to be the creator of new iobss
Only the government. Only the to-
talltarlan state.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-18
Your Stake in Capitalism
By
Eric Johnston


As exCaptan Of Marines Eric Johnston displayed
neck alertness when he landed Columbia
the president of the Chamber States
the Of
Commerce Board of Directors by calling the
United States who had displayed
Chamber He then startled them by calling
and George Meany the AT Philip
OF the Go He knew his
better than other business leader who
He firm believer in the proposition bust
ness by personal and conference than by
charges the He frequent demand concao
disputes between He member
ing industry OF the citizens committee assisting
Board Chairman James F. Bynes He
nom Development through which
parng for Americas business future
Paul u Hoffman, President of the Studebaker
Mr. Johnston spirit He operses
era successful businesses 46 which
is practically juvenile for Washington, D, c.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-18

to say that the word upon which to
fix the national mind at this time is
simply, outrightly and frankly, CAPT.
Mlism.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-18
Industry Must Cooperate

There are two unpopular words.
One is capitalism, which is hated in
certain quarters. | am nevertheless
tor it. The other is planning, which
is hated in certain other quarters. l
am nevertheless for it. l say that
business, if it wants to escape from
being taxed for another and larger
WPA, must plan; and it must plan
on a scale of which it has never be-
fore even dreamed.
1t has always planned for its own
individual enterprises. 1t must now
plan for nationwide projects by
whole industries.
1t must look, for instance, at the
horrible houses and at the vast
wretched, unwholesome, substand-
ard residential areas in which mil
lions of American citizens still live;
and it must say:
ITO change all this squalor and
ugliness into decency and sightlincss
isa job meaning billions of dollars of
business. 1t cannot be done small. 1t
has to b. done big. 1t has to be done
tb~-dgh cooperation among lot of
different elements. There are the
manufacturers of standard building
materials. There are the laboratory
designers of new and more economi-
cal building materials. There are the
wholesale and retail dealers in build
ing materials. There arc the ar
ohitects. There are the engineers,
contractors, building-trade unions,
financing agencies, savings banks,
building and loan associations. We
have been puttering at this job,
everybody by himself, and not get
ting it done. Now we will make or
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-18
Henry j. Kaiser says: "Heres something america needs
just much as ships =.

I'VE can build ships and planes by the thousands We can and
will blast the enemy from and sky and land But there's an
other victory must and that's minds We must
keep before certain SIMPLE bedrock truths on VIII this country
was founded and through which has grown greatness To do
this every one of must deepen his understanding of the sub
jecs that count in nation where every has his say have
never read informing article than Your Stake in Capital
ism in the February Readers Digest It's good American horse
sense urge every Amercan-evey employer and every
poye-to read it, to weigh it-and to Think"
The editors of The Readers Digest herewith nromhe
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-18

CARNATIONS which will include rep
resentativcs of all elements of hous-
ing production and we will produce
housing at a private cooperative con-
solidated cost that will battle all the
public planners in the whole of
Washington. Some of them would
like to do all this building. We will
do it first - and better. We will stop
railing at the government. We will
start outthinking it and outdoing it
and outstrlpping ii"
A Challenge to All
And there are quite a few other
big national-scale jobs for business to
plan. Consider our railroads. To
give this country a really modern
railroad system, system as good in
all its parts as it now is in its best
parts, would mean at least ten bill
hon dollars of business contracts.
To modernize everything in this
country would mean SO many bill
lions of dollars that business could
not get through earning them and
spending them in 20 years.
We need again the spirit of the
pioneers. Only this time it must be
aplanned and organized spirit. say
to businessmen: Do the planning
and the organizing that is worthy of
your freedom or there will be no
more freedom and no more business
men.
But | also say on behalf of bust
ncssmen: They cannot plan, they
cannot organize, they cannot main
tain a free system, unless they ger
one definite concession from labor
and from government. 1t is this.
Business must be allowed to keep
enough savings, enough profits,
enough new capital, to be able to
go ahead into new investments, new
adventures, new services
Free private business is like mo-
torcycle. 1t must move. IF it stops,
for lack of gasoline, it topples. And
then, | repeat, there is only totali-
tartan Recommendation.
We stand at solemn parting Of
the ways. Our business leaders and
our labor leaders want freedom. No
American wants slavery. But what
is the price of freedom' l say it is
the capital with which to operate
capitalism. The word is capitalism.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1943-04-09
Labor Pressure
On Dewey
Nets Pay Boost

ALBANY, N. Y.-The legisla-
ture granted $5,50O,0O0 in wage in
creases to some $4,000 state en-
ployes here March 26 after last
minute pressure on Republican Gov.
Thomas E. Dewey by the state CIO
and the State, County & Municipal
Workers (CIO).
Following conference with the
ClO delegation, Dewey sent spe-
cial message and bills requesting
the increase to the legislature
within few hours of adjournment.
Administration spokesmen had pre-
viously said there would be no
wage adjustments until next year.
A statement by the CIO de-
clared: "The governors action will
sharply reduce the number of en-
ployes leaving the state service bs6
cause of low wages. The heig
ened morale of state workers why
will result from these increaS :
will enable them to make a much
more effective contribution to the
war effort"
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1943-04-09
Foney Lunches
Cause Bosses
Absenfeeism

LOS ANGELES-Not only did
the bosses at General Motors Corp.
tank manufacturing plant here
waste production time on fancy
luncheons but they added insult to
injury by gorging themselves on
inch-thick steaks at time when
workers here can't find meat in
their neigh6orhood markets.
Vigorous protests were lodged
by Local 216, United Auto Work
ers (CIO), against the bosses alb
senteeism at three special lunch
cons in the last month, and the
management promisd that these in
terruptions of production would
not happen again.
In an attempt to mollify the
workers, the bosses told them they
could have an extra half-hour on
their lunch periods one day but
the workers rejected the offer and
stuck at their jobs of producing
tanks.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1943-04-09
New Evidence Involves
Higher Ups in Steel cose

WASHINGTON (FP) - Chair
man Harry S. Truman, Democrat,
Missouri, of the Senate War In
vestigating Committee, has re-
ceived new evidence in the Carne-
gie-Illinois case contradicting Pres
ident J. Lester Perry's testimony
that knowledge Of the taking of
tests and falsifying of records was
confined to the Pekin, Pa, plants
metallurgical employees.
Truman has turned over to the
Department of Justice with the
earlier evidence statement by
Edward l.. Robinson, assistant to
the manager of the metallurgical
division of the Pittsburgh district
of Carnegie Illinois, In it he indi-
Gated, said Truman, that knowledge
Of the faulty steel armor plate
which was supplied to the armed
services and lend-lease was not so
limited.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1943-04-09
They Do II In Toledo Too

WASHINGTON (FP) - OPA
Chief Prentiss Brown heard from
a New Jersey State Council, CIO,
March 81 how an investigator in
the councils recent food survey
interviewed a girl who was en-
ployed to do nothing but remove
old wrappers from cans and put
on new ones. Delegate would not
name the company reporters. Fed
Grated Press learned, however, that
the investigation OPA made into
charges Campbell's soup was un-
dergoing just that alteration-new
covers--to justify higher prices,
was inconclusive. OPA investiga-
tors investigated everything but
the quality of the soup.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1943-04-09
Protests Sent 0PA

Thomas Burke, vice-president Of
Local II. "The real estate opera
tors should be told in no uncertain
words that we are not trying to
promote any real estate booms, but
to win an all-out war. It's about
time some of the selfish interests
ceased worrying about chiseling
more rentals out of the workers
and got in line with the rest of the
country in its effort to win a war,
which even real estate operators
can't close their eyes to-"
Wires and letters have been
sent Washington by the UAW-CI0
and other CIO unions protesting
the efforts of the real estate people
to remove the price ceilings.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1943-04-09

LOT OOLu Lucas county ana
the Fifth Area, including 20
Northwest Ohio counties.
Lucas County is expected in this
period to sell $14,000,0O0 worth of
bonds. There will be seven issues,
covering the entire field of possible
investment needs.
Workers Asked To Buy
The $4,000 Toledo workers who
are buying under the payroll de-
duction plan are asked to buy addi-
tional bonds during this period.
All of the bond selling forces of
the county have been combined for
this effort.
Assisting Mr.. Rohr will be Hazen
Arnold and William Z. Wright as
vice chairmen and II divisional
leaders.
Mr.. Rohr described this Second
War Loan, in which 13 billion dol
lars is to be raised, as the most
gigantic financing task ever under
taken by any country in the world.
He pointed out that it is a sales
drive for more financing than any
of our allies or enemies has ever
undertaken.
Workers Offer Bonds
Mr.. Rohr points out thousands of
workers through the Fifth Area
will start out April II, prepared to
offer every type of United States
Treasury bond for sale during this
drive. The list of the bonds avail
able in this drive includes the reg
ular Series E bonds. familiarly
called War Savings B94ds, as we'll
as the Series F and Z sonds; two
and one-half percent United States
Treasury bonds due in 26 years;
two percent United States Treas
ury notes due in 91a years; seven
eighths percent U nited States
Treasury notes due in one year,
and Series C Tax Saving notes.
Reports To Be Announced
In the Second War Loan Drive,
counties throughout the United
States will be given credit toward
their established quotas for all the
bonds sold during the first four
months of this year, Mr.. Rohr
explained. Announcement of the
total amount sold during these
months will be made simultane-
ously with the preliminary reports
on the first bonds sold during this
drive.
During the December drive the
Fifth Area raised $65,993,492 in
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1943-04-09
Montgomery Asks
Conscience
Coordin0for

WASHINGTON (FP)-Consum-
ers Counsel Donald Montgomery
Of the United Automobile Workers
(CIO) proposed appointment of a
national conscience coordinator
March 81, He was one of several
consumers representatives who
testified before the Senate Agri-
culture Committee.
The coordinator's job. he said,
would be to look out for the ele-
mental needs of large number
of persons who had found no war
prosperity -- 100000 families
which had a food expenditure Of
$3.50 a year, or 80 cents a meal.
Moreover, he told the committee,
If Food Administrator Chester
Davis is to extend his private
banking ideas to farm production,
these families and others would
suffer. Loans shouldn't be made
to farmers this year on the basis
of whether they're going to pay
out, he said.
Initiation Control by 0PA
Initiation, he said, was wild
elephant run berserk, and couldn't
be controlled by piecemeal controls,
such as OPA is now practicing, ex-
pressed in 0PA's attitude Of won
dering whether or not to put cell
ings on prices paid to farmers for
livestock, or considering ALLEGATION
Of meats for wholesalers and all
others a matter for pondering.
He recommended reinstatement
Of food stamps to feed not only
children but many persons on fed
eral, local and state payrolls whose
wages are tragically behind living
costs. He would have insurance
supplies, too, of potatoes, whole
wheat products and winter cab
bage, subsidized by the govern
ment for use against actual or
approximate starvation.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1943-04-09
LEWIS SAYS STRIKE RULE
NOT BINDING

WASHINGTON-President John
l.. Lewis of the United Mine Work
ers (unaffiliated) told the Truman
war Investigating committee that
he considers the no-strike agree
ment mot necessarily" binding be-
cause the Natl. War Labor Board
preached it when it adopted the
Little Steel formula.