davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-08-04

1880 had
of
pilots and
a
Despite this tremendous and the
Army Air Forces accidents 1000 flying hours.
Of
schools Safety officers check a
The record also reflects M dependabIy of the equipment and the skill
American AT6 powered by Pratt Whitney and
disclosed that than
(such weathe and undetermined
Evening star., 1943-08-04

duty IN the Solomons. During those tours,
it downed Sc Japs, lost but two of its pilots.
9 Jap Ships, 40 Planes Destroyed
The greatest coordinated Army Navy Ma
rine aerial attack came when 1872 u S. planes
swarmed over the Jap base at Kahili. Nine Jap
ships were sunk. Boeing Flying Fortresses,
Consolidated Liberators, >Grumman Avenger
torpedo planes Douglas Dauntless dive bomb
ers were protected by Marines flying Vought
Corsars, sailors flying Grumman Wildcats
and soldiers in Lockheed Lightnings.
Five American planes were lost-three
fighters, one dive bomber, one torpedo plane.
But, in addition to the nine surface vessels,
40 Japanese planes were destroyed. Of these.
the Nays big Vought Corsairs got 36, Left
Erickson reported for the Associated Press.
Major Gregory Weissenberger, whose
Corsair squadron bagged Il of the Jap planes,
had high praise for the bomber pilots. 'Those
bomber boys he said, always say we fight
ers are great stuff, protecting them. Brother,
they've got quits. With Zeros all around them,
they go right down to the target without
swerving. When we fighters get into trouble,
we run. They can't"
Evening star., 1943-08-04
Jap Leaders Warn Of Dark Days Ahead
Pressure Begins TO Hurt, As u S. Army Navy Mone Flers
Toke Mounting Toll Ever-Wdenins Fronts

WASH1NGTONgh Japanese officials
ahead Premier Hd TOTO
Air
creasngy dark result and battles"
Aerial combat selected u
Army, Navy and Marine pilots slug the from all Sides
Coming presumably from the Aeutn the big Consolidated
ushiru Island In the Southwest Pacific berator 400
smash Subaya leading of
Marine fighter squadron
Evening star., 1943-08-04

took the propeller off, used gas drum as
bench. To straighten blade we backed a
truck over the bent portion -. wooden pat
tern was made to check it, Then the plane
was towed to an open field and the patched
up propeller flew it back to depot for COM
plete REPAIRS" he said.
Evening star., 1943-08-04
Study COrsair in Combat

That briefly, is the story of how the Navy
is being supplied with the Zero-killing Cor
sair. But that does not tell the entire story
of Chance Nought's contribution to the war
effort. Wherever the Corsar is in action,
there are Nought representatives watching
Its performance in the ultimate test of COM
bat, cooperating with Navy maintenance
crews, seeking flaws, seeking new ways to
improve the airplane.
Back home at Stratford, the same en-
gineering genius which put a tight-ftting
cowl about 2000-hp. Pratt & Whitney en-
gine, fitted a huge Hamilton Standard pro-
peller to it, and around them designed the
Corsair, is translating combat lessons into de-
sign Improvements and working up new ideas
of ITS own. Still other engineering groups
at Nought are drawing upon quarter CEN
tury of experience to create new designs
aimed to make even the sleek Corsar as OBJ
solete as yesterdays models are TODAY.
Evening star., 1943-08-04
Industry All Out
To Build Corsuirs
Goodyear, Brewster, and 800 Others
Work With Chance Vovght
Making Navy Fighter

STRATFORD, CoNN.-Not the butcher,
nor the baker, nor the candestick maker, but
the baby carriage builder and the washing
machine manufacturer and the cream sepa-
rator maker-all are pitching in to help
three alrplane companies provide Americas S
fighting sons with the Nays Eau fighter
plane, the hard hitting Nodght Corsair.
Two years ago, the Chance Nought Air
craft division of United Aircraft Corpora
tion was just bringing its new Corsair fighter
design out of the experimental stage to meet
the first orders being placed by the Navy.
In light of what has happened since, those
first orders were small. With the aid of the
few sub-contractors already associated with
Nought, it appeared probable that the division
could handle the production itself.
Then the program began to grow. Far
more extensive facilities were required. This
would mean spreading Vought management
undesirably thin. Eought sought another
solution.
1t determined to farm out as much of its
work as possible. But regular aircraft sub
contractors were jammed up. New sources
had to be developed. Today some 800 to 700
subcontractors and vendors, a cross section
of American industry. are hard at work sup
plying parts for the Corsair.
A former manufacturer of baby carriages
is building ailerons, cream separator fac
tory makes engine mounts, a washing ma
chine maker builds wing flaps. linoleum
firm makes tail surfaces and fuselage sec
tions, a can company makes cowlings and
tail surfaces.
About $3.50 of the work on Vought- built
Corsair is done here 659o elsewhere 1t is
expected that ultimately it will be 209o here
and 809o outside
Throughout, Vought has maintained COM
plete manufacturing setup which continues
to turn out Corsair parts. Consequently
Nought always has potential alternate
source of supply should an emergency arise.
Evening star., 1943-08-04
Backs Truck; Stroightens Blade

SOMEWHERE IN
NORTH AFRICA
Repair work in North
Africa calls for i'm
agination and plenty
of improvisation, ac-
cording to Joseph J.
Ferrara, Hamilton
Standard Propellers
service man here.
He told of travelling
to a marsh to salvage
1l ia .HtT
Evening star., 1943-08-04

tory shakes down into a smoothly running
organization. Brewster is still concentrating
on its dive bomber program but the first
CorsaIrs, designed by Vought, built by
Brewster have joined the Navy. The sched-
ule calls for its production of Corsairs to
mount as the bomber contracts taper off.
Evening star., 1943-08-04
Army Bombs Rome's Military Targets
With Precision Learned at Training Fields
Americas Pilots Novisoo sombods Employ Technique
Acquired In Months Of Ardvovs Practice Avioton codets

FORI WORTH
rauders followed within the arpct ea
Evening star., 1943-08-04
Calls Corsair Best Fighter

Equal praise for the fighter pilots came,
Mr.. Erickson reported, from Lieutenant
Howard Paine, torpedo plane pilot. The fight
ers did a wonderful job The Eau (Navy
Corsar) is the best damned fighter plane in
the world. One took two Zeros off my tail"
Evening star., 1943-08-04
Bombardiers Go Through the Mill

Flying recruits first 90 to college from six
weeks to FIVE months, then to a pre-hight
school for nine weeks. The recruits then 90
to classification centers. After exhaustive
physical and psychological tests, they are
selected as bombardiers, pilots or navigators.
Tests are now so accurate that examiners can
predict closely the number of candidates out
of each hundred who will win wings.
Men chosen for bombardier schools spend
eighteen weeks with the bombsights. They
work problems in mathematics. aerodynam-
ics, physics and navigation until their reac-
ton time is trigger fast In final test missions.
embryonic bombardiers have only seconds to
set sights on straight run. Those who pass
have demonstrated uncanny accuracy.
Equally important are navigators After
months of training they can guide their
planes tnerringly through unfamiliar skies,
to hit their objective ON the nose, at the
scheduled minute.
Over Year Needed to Make a Pilot
Pilots spend over year learning their Jobs,
cooperating with bombardiers and navigators
so that speed, direction and altitude will be
perfect during the bomb run.
Pilot cadets log minimum of 100 hours
OF flying time in primary and basic schools
and become proficient in navigation, radio
work, weather Interpretation, sky discipline.
When pilots finish basic school they are
reclassihed into single engine and multi
engine pilots and sent to advanced school.
Here the fighter pilot gets nearly 100 hours
more flying time. He continues study of
navigation learns the tricks of combat
spends hours in formation flying, cross-coun-
try missions and target practice.
They Learn Planes Inside Out
Bomber cadet pilots at advanced school
learn to handle muti-engined planes, learn
to find their way despite storms or strange
terrain, and practice fixed gunnery, forma-
tion flying, and radio.
But their training is not finished. Next
they go to transition school,
They learn the plane they are to Hy in COM
bat inside out. They study emergency pro-
cedures-how best to fly a Consolidated
Llberator on only two engines or Martin
Marauder on only one engine-how to handle
ship with a partially destroyed rudder,
aileron or wing-how to land in the water
or make belly landings when the wheels have
been shot away.
No enemy fighters were met over Rome.
But every bomber was prepared to defend
itself with accurate fire, the result of rigid
six-weeks gunnery course which every
bomber crew member must pass
Evening star., 1943-08-04
Navy Calls for More Corsairs

The program expanded still further. Even
the extensive sub-contracting plans were not
sufficient. At the request of the United States
4 Navy, brewster Acronautical Corporation,
builder of the Buffalo fighter and Buccaneer
and Bermuda dive bombers, agreed to build
the Corsair fighter which Vought had de-
veloped. First engineering drawings were
sent to Brewster in September, lo4l.
Months went by. Pearl Harbor was smok-
ing ruin. More Corsairs would be needed than
ever before. Existing airplane companies
were already over-burdened. Goodyear Tire
and Rubber Company, Inc, had a subsidiary,
Goodyear Aircraft Corporation, builder OF
the famous Goodyear blimps and also suppler
of parts to other airplane companies. 1t was
asked to build complete Corsairs as we'll.
First engineering drawings went to Good
year in February, 1912.
A going airplane concern, Brewster al
ready had its sources of supply. The Corsair
was just another airplane to the Brewster
production engineers. Close liaison was main
tanned with Vought but more for the pur-
pose of familiarization with Vought methods
and for contact to assure orderly develop
ment of the program than to learn how to
build an airplane.
Evening star., 1943-08-04
Goodyear Starts from Scratch

With Goodyear it was different. A new
factory had to be erected, new sources of
supplies arranged, workers hired and trained.
In general, Goodyear has used the sub-con-
tractors developed by Vought. While the new
plant was going up, Vought helped to train
the Goodyear engineers and workers The
Corsalr was then in the early stages of pro-
duction with its attendant difficulties but over
a period of six months Vought found time to
absorb some 200 Goodyear people into its
production setup for training In Akron,
these Nought Goodyear workers be-
came the nucleus for Goodyear's Corsar di-
vision
Both companies maintain close contact with
Vought. Ideas are exchanged Help is given
instantly when shortages develop or trouble
arises. And today America is receiving the
fruits of this cooperation among normal COM
petitors in the form of fighting Corsairs.
Up to the present the fighting has been
done by Corsairs built by Vought Now the
other two companies are coming into produc-
ton. Goodyears output is rising, as the fac
Evening star., 1943-08-04

Forces Training Command based here under
Major General Barton K. Yount.
The raid proved again how we'll the AA
ETC has discharged its responsibilities as
defined by General Yount:
The raw material coming to this command
IS from the start superior to the manpower
available to the air forces of our enemies.
The tools of our trade, in the form of
planes and equipment, are available in great
quantities and high quality.
We have ample space and ideal climates
in which to work
With this ideal setup our responsibility
and duty is to give our young men the best
training in the world to the end that the
United States will have the largest and most
powerful air force in existence, able to seek
out and kill the enemy wherever he may seek
combat or wherever he may hide"
Evening star., 1943-06-29
Ohio Farm Director
AssaiIs Corn Seizure
Says New Ceiling Would
Bring Grain to Market
By he Associated Press

COLUMBUS, Ohio. June 90
John r Brown. Ohio director of
agriculture. today criticized reoui-
sitioning Of stored corn by the Wal
Food Administration and suggested
that a higher ceiling price would
bring such grain to market
In letter to agriculture chiefs of
nine States. Mr. Brown wrote:
Since the ceiling price to be paid
for this Tequisitioned' corn is SLOT
Chicago, this conflscation in reality
is unfair because all other corn in
possession of elevators or farmers
not under reQuisition stands a
chance of bringing a much higher
price if fed to livestock, or in case
the WA should suddenly decide to
raise the ceiling to S120 as recon-
mended by the recent Governors
conference.
at Is my honest conviction that
raising the ceiling to Sl2O instead
of requisitioning, with the under
standing that if and when an un-
due liquidation developed the CELL
ing on corn might promptly be re-
duced. the frozen stocks would au-
tomatically begin to flow into the
channels of trade everywhere.
Mr.. Browns letter was addressed
to Agriculture Department heads of
Minnesota, Wisconsin. Iowa. Illinois
Missouri, Indiana, Kentucky, Ne
braSka and Kansas.
Evening star., 1943-06-29
Minister Defies OPA Gas Ban
/ For Test Case on 14O-MiIe TriD

rom, the OPA in Washington, is not
an issue.
The next round of the battle Is
expected Friday. the day set for the
OPA hearing in Hartford The Rev.
Mr.. Parker indicated before he left
that he would come back for that
by train.
This all looks like a totalitarian
buildup.' he said of the OPA gaso-
line regulations at a press conference
before leaving Hartford
Il am making this little gesture
because / promised some of the
ablest boys in my church that things
would be the same when they re-
turn from their country's service
that there would be democracy at
home
His fundamental conflict with the
OPA. he explained. was that
the OPA grants supplemental allot-
ments for tending Victory gardens
within miles, but refuses to
let him make one 280-mile trip to
Sunapee and back to tend his gar
den there.
Evening star., 1943-06-29
Hopkins Institute KEEP
LIST Of hep'5 Names,
'Reeeptionld' Says
Girl EmpIoye Alleged
To Have Been Paid
$500 to $500 Weekly

A book containing the names
of men, most of them prominent,
was kept at Hopkins Institute
the Connecticut avenue massage
parlor that a}legedly was front
for white slave operations, self
styled receptionist for the insti-
tute testified in District Court
this afternoon.
Assistant United States Attorney
Bernard Margolius objected when
Defense Attorney M. Edward Buck.
ley asked the witness, Mildred P
Carter, If any Senators were includ-
ed on the list. Justice Jesse c. Ad.
kins sustained the objection.
First witness this afternoon In the
jury trial of Eldon R. Powell. 30, New
York, who is charged with trans
porting a woman from that CITY
to Washington for immoral purposes
in violation of the White Slave Act
Miss Carter further testified that
the institute had been used to call
girls to entertain men"
MISS sunny Gray, also known as
Sunny Pitts and as Terry Scott, the
girl Powell is charged with trans.
porting, made between $500 and $500
a week while working for the insti-
tute, the witness said She added
that of this amount Miss Gray's
share was one-half and some went
to George F. Whitehead, 43, who
previously has been described as
owner of the institute and who early
this month pleaded guilty to two
violations of the White Slave Traffic
Act and conspiracy to violate it.
The witness also testified that
Miss Gray left here allegedly to 60
to California to enter motion pic
lures Earlier testimony indicated
she succeeded.
Miss Gray, "a, was the first wit
ness. as the trial got under way this
morning.
She testified she was brought here
to work in the Hopkins Institute,
Her earnings there. after the insti-
tute had subtracted it's part of the
take, were between 5000 and $500 a
week she testified
Evening star., 1943-06-29
New Rulings on Navy Uniforms
Put Costly Burden on Officers

many officers have stocked up on
whites. this means that they will
have to lay in an additional supply
of six to a dozen shirts in the re-
quired gray.
The regulations also provide that
the service blue will carry sleeve
stripes going only half way around
each sleeve. Dress blues used only
on formal evening occasions, how
ever, must have full gold braid so
that. whereas an officer last winter
could wear his service coat for for
NAL attire, he now must have an
additional blue coat for evening
wear, the coat being equipped with
full stripes.
This imposes an additional ex-
pense on officers who may already
have laid out as much as 5000 for
their uniforms and accessories.
The new order was not accom-
panied by an explanation.
Evening star., 1943-06-29
Patterson UphoIds
Reneeotiation Law
For War Contracts
Opposes Changes to ALLOW
Cushion Of Reserve Funds
or Reconversion
b. the Associated Press

bF 'fh AESOc15Ied Press.
Undersecretarv of War Patterson
today opposed proposed changes in
the war contract reneeotiation law
to allow for a cushion Of reserve
funds to provide for postwar recon
version of industry.
Il believe that the problem of
postwar reconversion cannot be
solved in this way" he told the
House Naval Affairs Committee in
vestigating the request of some war
manufacturers for modification of
the statute.
In the first place" Mr.. Patterson
said, taxation will probably take
three out of every four dollars which
the price adjustment agencies allow
for this purpose Furthermore l do
not see on what basis such an al
lowance could be calculated.
Some industries will have much
greater reconversion cost than
others; some will not reconvert at
all; others will have new plant facil-
tiles which have been completely
amortized and will thus gain an ad-
vantage far outweighing any recon-
version cost; still others will have a
profitable market waiting for them
which can easily bear the cost of re-
conversion"
He asserted that "on the average
the contractor with war business will
find himself in a better position at
the end of the war than the con-
tractor who had no war business. -
The UnderSeCretary. however, did
advocate two changeS-one, chang
ing the floor under which renego-
tiation of contracts cannot 90 from
100000 to S500.000: the other. q
clause requiring the filing OF reports
by all contractors subject to the
statute.
In recommending raising the floor.
Mr.. Patterson said he rearzed that
excessive profits could he made on
small volume of business as we'll
AS on a large volune but added
Il cannot believe that any great
damage will be done to the country
or to the war effort by the profits
which will escape is a result of this
amendment We should recognize
that it is Impossible for the War
Department to prevent all eXcessir e
profits"
Evening star., 1943-06-29
WPB Takes Control
Of All Wood PuIp 10
Insure War Supply
Forbids Any Deliveries
Without Authority;
Will Set AIIocotions
Bv the ASsnctated press

/ DS AHr NNnUtlclFO fFesf
! The War Production Board today
took control over the use of all
wood pulp and issued orders for
bidding any deliveries of pulp to
paper and paperboard manufacture
ers without WPB authority.
The action was ordered, WPB said
because the demands of the Army
! Navy, lease-lend and other claim
ants have become so insistent and
the shortages of wood pulp so Sc
we're" that steps became necessary
to assure supplies for war use.
All grades of pulp are affected
including pulp for newsprint.
The first ailoca tions of pulp to
mills will cover the month of Au-
| gust and will be prepared at the
next meeting of WPB's Wood Pulp
ALLEGATION Committee July 10. Be-
fore that date mills are to have
filed reports on their proposed use
of pulp in accordance with instruc-
tions which will reach them by
July l.
Determine ALLEGATIONS.
WPB said it would use these facts
on scheduled consumption as the
basis for allocating pulp for the
production of ali types of paper.
paperboard. explosives. fabrics and
| chemicals. and Ito restrict or elm
! mate the use of wood pulp in the
/ manufacture of less essential pa
/ pers'
"By withholding ALLEGATIONS of the
scarcer wood pulp grades" WPB ex-
planned, 1T will be possible to en-
courage manufacturers of paper and
paper products to use puips ano
other f1brous materials which are
in relatively greater supply, such
as ground wood and waste or re-
claimed paper, thus conserving the
scarcer grades of wood pulp.
. In the future therefore the WIPE
will be able. from time to time. as
necessary. to direct each consumer
of wood pulp as to the types of pape
paperboard and other products into
which he may convert his allocated
wood pulp.
May Cut Newsprint Again.
With reference to newsprint. for
which per cent cut in consump-
tion during July. August and Sep
tember already has been recon-
mended, WPB spokesman said the
supply outlook indicated further
reduction might be necessary in the
| fourth quarter, covering the months
of October, November and Decem-
! ber.
/ The new controls on the use of
wood pulp mark WPB's entrance into
new field of control. Previously
WPB has controlled only the deliv-
ery of pulp and it's acceptance by
consumers, though in May producers
were directed to withhold 20 per cent
of their output for delivery as di-
rected by WPB. The pool or reserved
pulp thus set up for emergency and
essential use will be continued un-
der the newly amended order.
Evening star., 1943-06-29
Japs Claim New Bases
Are Ready for Attack
Against Australia
Secret AirfieIds Said
To Have Been Used in
Raids on Port Dorwin
By The Associated Press

BY the Associated Press.
The Japanese news agency Domei.
in a broadcast from Toxic recorded
by the Associated Press today,
quoted japanese military observers
as asserting that Japan has COM
pleted her preparation of strategical
bases from which an all-out often
sive can be launched "at any mo-
ment' against Australia.
These observers, Domei said. in
commenting on an imperial head
quarters announcement that army
planes for the first time had partici-
pated in raids on Port Darwin on
June 20 and June %. declared this
meant that the war in the South
Pacific was entering a new phase.
Secret Land Bases Claimed.
Heretofore, they pointed out, &C
cording to Domei, all attacks against
the Australian continent by Jap
anese air forces had been carried
out by naval units. Use of army
planes. they said. indicated they had
taken off from secret land bases in
the Southwest Pacific which have
been established in the last three
months.
Domei said imperial headquarters
reported the japanese DESTROYED q
out of total of 40 British fighter
planes that engaged them in COM
bat over Port Darwin on June 90
When A second attack was lounched
two days later, it was asserted, no
opposition was encountered. 1t said
that from this it was concluded that
the remainder of the 10 planes
claimed to represent the total Allied
air force strength at Port Darwin
had been destroyed on the ground or
in their hangers.
The Toxic claims already have
been discounted.
No Second Raid Mentioned.
A spokesman for Gen. Douglas
Macarthur on June 20 said that
eight japanese bombers and four
fighters were shot down that day by
Allied planes, with another bomber
and another fighter possibly de-
stroyed. Eight other enemy bombers
and two fighters we're damaged. he
said. Allied losses were two planes.
The Japanese had attacked with %
bombers and 20 fighter planes as es-
corts.
Allied headquarters in Australia
has made no mention of a second
raid on Port Darwin last week, which
Domei said took place on June %.
The two raids, the japanese as
serted. resulted in the complete de-
struction of the Port Darwin air.
field.