davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-03-09
Kaiser Asks Congress
10 Curb Disputes
Between Unions
Freezing of Maintenance
Of Membership for
Duration Suggested
By ;he Associated Press.

BY me Associated Press.
Henry J. Kaiser asked Congress
today to put an end to iurisdictional
disputes between unions. He said
they undermine worker morale and
slow down production.
The shipbuilder suggested to a
Senate War Investigating Commit
tee that maintenance of union men,
bership be frozen for the duration
at plants having either AF'L or CLIO
contracts. preventing either union
from raiding the membership of the
other.
The West Coast industrialist re-
iterated his own advocacy of union
ism and his belief that good labor
leadership has been a factor in his
own, production and asserted, Il
believe when Congress stops juris
dictional squabbles it will be bet
ter"
Mr.. Kaiser referred to what he
said were efforts by CLIO unions to
replace the AFL as the collective
bargaining agency for workers at
his Oregon shipyard.
100000 Men Involved.
The struggle for control there
he said. involves nearly 100000 men
now paying the AFL an average of
ST. q month in dues He added:
L know it isn't good for worker
morale to have campaigns going on
in the yard as to which union should
CONTROL
Meanwhile, it was learned that
AFL and CIO peace committees
which agreed in December to arbi-
trate disputes between their unions
wrote reservation into an mpub-
ished supplementary agreement
which the CLIO interprets as exclud-
ing the Kaiser shipyards case from
the arbitration process.
The supplement, a separate docu-
ment of about a half dozen lines
signed by the six conferees, provided
that nothing in the principal agree
ment should be construed as waiy-
ing legal rights.
The CLIO contends that thousands
Of Kaiser employees have been denied
a legal right to chose their own bar
gaining agent because of closed shop
agreements made by the company
with AF'L unions before these work.
ers were hired.
Murray Explains Agreement.
Philip Murray CLIO president and
chairman Of its peace committee,
said at Pittsburgh the arbitration
agreement was made ito cover
jurisdictional matters which in
themselves did not transgresS the
laws and that this was not nullified
by the supplement.
Harry Bates, president of the AFL
Peace Committee, said the arbi-
tratiOn agreement would have ap-
piled to the Kaiser case, but that
the dispute had been taken up
by the National Labor Relations
Board and that separate COM
mittees of the AFL and CLIO had
arranged conference on it with
James F. Byrnes, director of eco
nomic sterilization.
The peace conferees, when an
nouncing their arbitration agree
ment, avoided answering questions
about its application to the Kaiser
case.
The conferences with Mr.. Byrnes,
which included AFL metal trades
officials, produced no agreement
with the CLIO representatives in the
Kaiser case.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-03-09
Puerto Rico
CONTINUED From First Page

pointed out that Puerto Rico already
has universal suffrage and an cleo
tive legislature. but that laws OF
purely local concern are subject tC
approval by governors appointed
from Washington.
In addition to Mr.. IckeS. those
named on the committee to draft
the recommendations are Abe
Fortes, Undersecretary of the In
terror; Mr.. Tugwell, the Rev. Ray
mond A. MCGOWAN, assistant direc-
tor here Of the Social Action De-
partment of the National Catholic
Welfare Conference, and the follow
ing Puerto Ricans. Luis Munoz
Marin, Judge Martin Travieso
Celestino Iriarte and Jose Ramirez
SantibaneZ.
The President authorized Mr.
IckeS to designate an alternate to
serve in his place on the commit
tee If his other duties should make
that necessary.
Text of Message.
It tcht VI VIC FlGSlUtIlI > mes
sage follows
Several months ago the Governor
of Puerto Rico recommended that
the Organic Law of Puerto Rico be
amended so as to permit the people
of Puerto Rico to elect their own
Governor. This recommenda ton
was brought to me by the Secretary
Of the Interior with his approval.
The Governors suggestion has been
under consideration since that time
1T has long been the policy of the
Government of the United States
progressively to reinforce the ma
chinery of self-g government in its
territories and island possessions.
Puerto Rico has universal suf-
frage and an elective Legislature
which considers and enacts meas
ureS governing its internal affairs
Laws enacted by its Legislature
however, including laws of purely
local concern, have been subject to
approval or disapproval by gov
ernors appointed by the President
with the advice and consent of the
Senate of the United States.
I'm accordance with the general
policy Of this Government, I rec
ommend to the Congress that it
consider as soon as possible an
amendment of the organic law OF
Puerto Rico to permit the people
of Puerto Rico to elect their own
governor and to redefne the func-
tons and powers Of the Federal
Government and the government Of
Puerto Rico, respectively.
Bills Oppose TugwelI.
Il have appointed a committee
composed of an equal number of
Puerto Ricans and Of continental
residents TO advise me concerning
changes in the organic law.
The recommendation of this
committee will be promptly submit
ted to the Congress for it's consid
Grafton"
Bills have been introduced in both
House and Senate to end the tenure
Of Gov Tugwell and establish the
terms Of his successors at four years
Gov. TugWell assumed Office Sep
TENDER 10, 194l.
A special Senate committee which
! investigated food shortages in the
island, resulting from a lack OF
shipping. absoWed both Gov. Tug
well and MI Ickes from any respon-
Slbility on that score.
The Senate investigation was lin
tied TO social and economic condi-
lions, however and the House In
Sular Affairs Committee voted tC
ask the House for permission II
send seven of its members to the
island to make an investigation Of
all phases Of the Puerto Rican sit
uation.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-03-09
Legisla ton Discussed.

Informed sources intimated, mean
while, that when Manpower Chair
man Paul V. McNutt appeared
before tie Presidents five mem
Der special committee last week
national service legislation was dis
cuSsed al length and that the COM
mlttee would make recommends
tons TO the President as to whether
compulsory methods are necessary
to augment the labor force.
Mr., MCNutt last year favored COM
pulSoly legislation, but switched his
views after the President issued on
December a new executive order
giving him more power.
The commission is planning to
make monthly surveys Of industrial
abSenteeISm, the House Naval At
fairs Committee was informed yes
terday by Lawrence Appley. execu-
i've director. He said the commits
sion was opposed to legislation re-
curing employers to report to local
draft boards the names Of workers
absent from the JOB without good
cause.
The last survey made by the COM
mission was in November, which
showed that the absenteelsm was
widespread in war industries. MI
hDpleV informed the committee he
could see no advantage in the legis-
lation and expressed belief the plan
, being considered by the commission
would produce results.
You can't pop corn over a match
flame. You can't build house with
discarded barrel slaves And wei
never win this war with less thar
all we've got and the best we've got
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-03-09
Officials Remarks
On Russia Unwise,
Winkie Declares
Statements About u. S.
Relations With Ally
Branded as Incorrect
By the Associated Press.


NEW YORK, March Gwen
dell L. Willkie today character
lied as drastic and ill-consid-
cred" recent statements by
Government officials concerning
United States relations with So
Wet Russia.
One Government representative
implies we may double cross the
Russians after the war is over. Mr.
Willkie said. another indicates
that the Russian government today
is playing us two ways. Neither
statement is wise, nor in my judg-
ment is correct
Mr.. Willkie added:
Drastic and u-considered state
ments are not the basis for the sort
of discussion We need. They vii
only do harm. I know no one II
America who wants to double cross
Russia now or in the future. I like
wise know no Russian who is igno.
rant Of the fact that we are helping
her with materials and by our fight
ing on other fronts"
Two Incidents Cited.
Although Mr. Willkie did not
identify the Government representa-.
tives, Vice President Wallace sale
in an address yesterday that an
other world war might result if the
United States double-crossed Rus
STA.
Admiral William H. Standby
United States Ambassador to the
Soviet, in a press conference in Mos
cow yesterday said Russian officials
were withholding news of American
aid from their people in an effort to
create the belief that they were
fighting the war alone.
Mr. Willkie said the Russians felt
they were bearing the brunt of the
War-"and in number of casualties
that is and has been true for a long
time" But America is sending sup
plies in increasing quantities, he
conceded, land perhaps We are en-
titled to more credit than we are
receiving"
Second Front Controversy.
THE Russians have long thought
that we owe the duty to relieve
them from pressure by presently
opening a second European front
Mr.. Willkie continued. They have
likewise thought it the best over
all military strategy for the United
Nations to do so.
Our military authorities have
thought otherwise. Only history will
decide which is correct. Certainly
no verdict can be arrived at with
censored information and propa-
ganda through which each country
seeks to convince its own people of
the wisdom of its course of action. -
Mr.. Willkie asked for tolerance in
understanding the Russian view
point and for rational statements
about Americas attitude toward
Russia now and after the war"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-03-09
Naming Of DR.. Baruch
Called Move 10 End
i. ). Row in Brazil
Brother of Finoncier
To Hove Charge of 30
BEW Employees There

The Board of Economic Warfare
said today that it was sending DR..
Herman B. Baruch, brother of Ber-
nard NJ. Baruch, presidential con-
sultant, to Brazil as its special rep
reSentatiVe with a view to elimi-
mating controversies that have
arisen among various United States
agencies there.
Dr. Baruch will be in charge of 30
BEW officials and employees in Bra
I'll, largest staff of this agency in
South America, and will be asso-
ciated directly with the United
States Ambassador, it was said He
will take the place of Creswell
Micou who will remain with the
BEW in Brazil in another important
administrative capacity"
BEW officials said some confusion
and controversy had arisen among
United States agencies in Brazil
ever since Vice President Wallace.
as head of the BEW. issued an order
several months ago empowering
BEW to do all the planning and
liz SoJioAil vi SOllJ aus III oOulll
America. leaving the financing and
other details to Reconstruction
Finance Corp. subsidiaries and the
Commodity Credit Corp.
The RIG" said one BEW Official,
felt that its wings were being
clipped by that order because they
had been in the negotiating picture
and the order took them out of it."
The controversies which DR..
Baruch is expected to smooth out
are said to have revolved around the
operations Of the United States
Purchasing Commission composed
of BEW, RFC and CCC officials and
formed to avoid duplication and
confusion in American war pur-
chaSeS in Brazil.
DR.. Baruch was in Washington
within the last week and was said
to have gone to Brazil only a few
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-03-09
COP in California
Legislature Urges
Revolt Against 0PA
AssembIymen Denounce
U. S. Controls and Tolk
Open Defiance

SS he Associated Press,
SACRAMENTO. Calf. March Pr
Resentment against ONCE Of Price
Administration ceiling orders and
other Federal controls flared up in
the California Legislature. leading To
talk among Republican members of
open rebellion.
Blasts against uncontrolled bu-
reaucracy, Socialism and half-baked
theorists" particularly in the OPA,
marked complaint session of the
Assembly Agriculture Committee last
night.
Assemblyman Lee Bashore, said
that "our duty is to feed and care
for the people of California and
when the OPA restricts us. we should
tell the OPA to go TO hell"
L. s. Officials Criticized.
Charging that Washington officials
have refused or are unable to rn-
derstand CALIFORNIA; farm problems,
several legislators urged open def
anCe of OPA price ceiling orders and
| Federal controls.
ASsemblyman Douglas Armstrong
said that California should set up its
| own price structure and Assembly,
| man Raup Miller demanded that
california should 90 as far as it
! can in defying Federal bureaucracy"
The committee voted to question
| Gov. Earl Warren on his attitude
| toward open rebellion against OPA
| price rulings and State action to
| take farm and price problems back
| into State control, and to confer
with Attorney General Robert w.
Kenny on possible legal action in
/ opposition to Federal rulings.
Farm Hearings Set.
The Senate special finding
! committee on farm and industrial
| problems called public hearings to-
morrow and Thursday on a proposal
| to take farm labor recruiting and
ALLEGATION into State control.
Gov. Warren has not indicated his
specific program for meeting the
| farm labor and food distribution
problems, but he told a press corr
ference he believed the State should
undertake independent action to
meet the manpower. shortages on the
farms and that action must be taken
| immediately.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-03-09
BY he Associated Press.

BY ne ASSOCIATED Press.
ATLANTA, March 9.-Pride in
being able ito take it linked with
the personal physical action in
volved in highly mobile tactics, is
keeping this wars soldier mentally
healthier than his father who fought
in the last war, Col. William c.
Porter, military neuropsychiatrist,
said today,
The father, begged down in static
trench warfare, frequently couldn't
take it and exploded emotionally
with war neurosiS commonly
known as shell-shOCk.
so far in this war" said Col.
Porter in an interview, lit has been
more the determination to show that
one can take it, than to be labeled
a Shell-shocked hero"
Col. Porter, director of the School
for Military Neuropsychiatry at
Lawson General Hospital here. added
that sit is the consensus of observers
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-03-09
Patterson Declares
Military Training
Is Vital During Peace
Undersecretoy of War
Tells Maryland Group
Preparedness Is Necessur,
By the Associated Press.

BY The Associated Press
BALTIMORE. March 9.-Under-
secretary Of War Robert P. Patter-
son believes that tbs country should
maintain "a sound system of uni
versal military training in time of
peace.
This must be done, he told the
Maryland Historical Society last
night, IF we are to be ready in time
OF war"
The solution lies in the awareness
Of this fact. 1t Will call for the
maintenance of larger regular
Army, for the appropriation of
larger sums of money, and for con-
slant work by our scientists and in
ventors in cooperation with Army
officers in development of new and
improved weapons
Takes Constant Effort.
War today is q war of machines
as well as of men the Undersec-
rotary declared 1T takes constant
effort, We still have not solved the
problem of developing these in
struments Of war and training SOL
dlers IN the use Of them in time of
peace
Mr.. Patterson said that the coun-
try entered the war with an Army
that was not weak in numbers for
the first time in our history. We
had 1900 900 men in the Army when
the Japanese started shooting"
But he emphasized that size was
not everything to be considered in
evaluating military force.
There is a difference between an
Army and mob. The difference is
in training and discipline. Train
ing takes time. A powerful army
cannot be created in a week or a
month"
Best Armies Win Wars.
A dlstruSt Of the military which
came from our early settlers, Mr..
Patterson said, had over and over
resulted in a weakness in military
force which left us unprepared to
defend ourselves"
Wars are won by nations that
have armed forces that are more
numerous, better trained. better
equipped and better led than the
opposing armed forces"
The system of volunteer service
always breaks down if hostiIities
are conducted on a large, pro-
longed scale, he said. Universal
experience has shown that a large
army cannot be mustered except by
compulsory service" he said.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-03-09
$3.50 Theft Reported

Harry Leblanc, 1913 Tenth street
NE, an employe of newsstand in
Union Station, reported to police
that a paper bag containing the re-
ceipts totaling $3.50 was stolen from
the counter of the stand last night.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-03-09
Knox
Continued From First Page.)

tCOntlnued from First Page.e
are stronger now in the Solomon
Islands area than ever before.
Without adequate shipping, the
Secretary explained, the japanese
cannot maintain their South Pa
clfic bases in many instances and he
added in this connection that our
submarine campaign continues to be
very successful"
He was asked whether it would be
proper to say that the enemy is haV-
ing extreme difficulty in moving sup
plies and replied that he would say
the japanese are having Increasing
difficulty"
He said that the United States
is mot bit" worried about the
Japanese airbase at Munda, on New
Georgia Island in the Central Solo
mons, and said that the purpose of
bombing 1t almost daily is to keep
the JapS from using it to interfere
with American plans.
He declined to discuss What those
plans might be, either in the Solo
mons or anywhere else, and he also
declined to speculate on whether
the japanese might be planning to
use Munda and other places Of
fensively or defensively.
Every Base Is Threat.
Every Japanese base has poten-
tialities Of danger Mr.. Knox said.
IF the japanese were to come down
against the Southeastern Solomons
again, I suppose Munda probably
would be one of the bases they
would use"
The Pacific situation generally.
Mr.. Knox declared, is in a state of
suspended animation"
He said it is impossible to state
the condition of japanese shipping
or to measure their losses more than
Speculatively, which he refused to do.
The United States. he explained, has
only estimates of what the jap
aneSe had before the war started
and of their ability to build new
ships since then.
The only thing We know def
nltely is what We sunk" the Secre-
tary declared.
Discussing the Atlantic, Mr.. Knox
SAID that conveys to Russia have
been more successful lately in getting
through with less loss of ships than
formerly" but he would not enter
into discussion of the comment made
by Admiral William H. Standley.
Ambassador to Russia, that the
Moscow government has failed to let
the Russian people know of the
extent of American assistance to the
Soviet Union.
Plans Trip to Atlanta.
The loss rate Of shipping over all
the Atlantic, Mr.. Knox said. is still
about what it had been for the last
two months or So-that is. at a lower
level than last summer. He said the
total number of German submarines
IN existence has undoubtedly in
creased, but that the number ac-
JuaIly IN use in the Atlantic did not
increase.
Ihe Secretary said he would 90 to
Atlanta Friday to participate in the
conclusion OF a campaign to raise
SGT 800 900 in War bonds as a sum
equivalent to the price of new
cruiser Atlanta. the previous vessel
OF that name having been lost in the
South Pacific. While the price of
the cruiser was the original objec-
tive, Mr.. Knox said the campaign
mas gone along so well that the CITY
is now out for $50 600 600
He noted that four cities have I'M
dertaken drives to raise money for
cruisers to replace sunken ships
which had been named after them.
Houston, Tex, recently completed
such campaign. Chicago and Vim
cennes, Ind, also have campaigns in
progress.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-21

AS result, the roads of Spain and the cutters of
Spanish cities became familiar to hundreds of wreched
hungry often crippled Of the Legion From town to
town they begged their miserable way, many dying of
hunger in roadside bitches of the most cruel
betrayals of brave by great goveIens in history
Actually only 1873 soldiers Sc officers the
battles disease and subsequent starvation The rest left
their bones in SPAIN
General Bernele had presented their claims repeatedly
TO both the French and Spanish governments without
Broken hearted the battered old warrior died
and his deathbed declared solemny that throughout
eternity he would watch the Legion and 1t in
time If again it faced similar betrayal
The story got around, such stories do, and many
Legionnaire wondered whether Bernees ghostly vista
ton had not been directed at the OF Vchy
playing the game of the Nazs That brought to mind the
question whether another great betrayal the
famous military organization not in the making.
And for that reason many Legonnare happy
to the olive drab uniforms the Yans they landed
successfully on the shores OF Morocco and Algeria
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-21

foreign soldiers to Maria Christina TO advance her
thousand, four hundred officers and embarked
the transports that day in Agers for Spain and the
Caris War and General Guillaume Bernele, veteran
soldier commanded them Few leaders the days Of
Napoeons Grand Army had had tougher, better
trained outfit at their backs
They sailed and few days later landed at Valencia in
southern Spain From then the few years
record of bloody battles fierce srmhes dangerous patrol
duty the of Spain and in the freezing heights of
the Pyrenees
No troops in the armies of Queen Maria Christina
fought better effectively than the Foreign Legion
which had been renamed the French Auxiliary Division
Officers and covered themselves with blood and glory
been the custom of the Legion since battle
finIan
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-21

ri WAS standing guard at Post No at Fort Lyautey
declared Legionnaire Juan Valdez of the Fourth
! Regiment the French Foreign Legion in a state
made several months TO his commanding officer
l distinctly the moonlight the figure of
general officer in oldfashioned uniform, approach
ing
Il gave him the formal challenge TO stop but he adj
vanced when quite close to said: am General
Bernee the Legion that IL Is about to be
betrayed, l was.
We'll captain, at first too surprised to move
and when l recovered the figure gone"
Captain Lesaunier Valdez company commander, who
investigating several odd circumstances that had
occurred Lyauey small post in Southern
Morocco might have dismissed the matter the hal
N,cina ion of a Ie-
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-02-21
A'Skin Game" That Shows
H0WMuCh You Can Drink

~CIENTISTS have developed a skin
test to tell how much you can
- drink and still stay sober
BY method similar to that used by
the medical men to find out just what
kind of pollen gives a particular hay.
fever victim his sneezes, the labora-
tory experts can now tell whether you
ought to stopAyour elbow bending after
two sips, two glasses, or two quarts.
Just as the doctor tests the hay
fever sufferers allergy to pollen, the
same procedure reveals a persons
allergy TO alcohol. 1t is all done by
injecting a solution Of 90 per cent
ethyl alcohol into the skin. This raises
a hive-like welt and the degree of its
redness indicates your particular toler-
ance for alcohol.
II there is a marked coloration, it
means that you're the type that will be
we'll on your way % the cockeyed state