davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-06-20
sTHE FIFTH FREEDOM
By the ReD. Frederick BroUn Harris D. D., Lit. D..
Chaplain, United States Senate

"Take my yoke upon you and you shall
find rest for your souls" So declared the
Master who taught that to lose life is
to find 1t. He was always saying, Be
slave and you shall be free, bear a yoke
and you shall find life's durable salts
factions. That paradox mirrors nfe's
greatest secret. 1t is the open sesame
into the kingdoms OF power, of achieve
ment and Of mastery in all realms. Would
you know the glorious liberty of wide
fields OF literature and science2 Take
my yoke upon you, demands learning.
Would you know the exhilerating free
dom Of the console and the keyboard?
Take my yoke upon you, says music. Only
the slavery Of technique can make you
free. But the tedium leads to the Te
Deums. Liberty without surrender ends
In futility. Democracy without discipline
descends to license.
Like the primal colors Of the rainbow,
the promising strands Of the four free
doms are arching all heavens with q
new hope. In invaded lands where there
Is a blackout OF worship and blockade
OF speech, where the pale horses OF
famine and want spread terror and
fear, suppressed multitudes whisper In
the deep darkness, "the battalions Of
freedom are coming and new world is
being born" But the four freedoms
alone may add up to anarchy and chaos;
they may even pave the way to slavery.
These freedoms must not only be paint
Ell, they must be practiced. They are
not just to be set to music, they must
be set to work
Multitudes have freedom to worship
and choose not to worship God is not in
all their thoughts. William Penn uttered
a penetrating truth when he asserted,
Men must be governed by God or they
will be ruled by tyrants" There are
those who have freedom of speech and
use words to distill poison. to erect
refuge OF lies to deny and betray the
truth. There are those who have free
dom from want. but they use their plenty
as Dives did when, clothed In purple
and faring sumptuously every day, he
allowed Lazarus to lie in pain and rags
at his palace gate. There are those who
have freedom from fear and then bar
ricade themselves complacently in in
vulnerable castles while their fellows
outside the protecting walls cover in
haunting terror. A quartet OF free
doms without the nth may inclose a
Evening star., 1943-06-20
lndiu's New Viceroy

The appointment of Field Marshal
Sir Archibald Wavell as Viceroy of
India is important in itself, but it's
significance is enhanced by two
other appointments in the Middle
Eastern field. These are the nom-
ination OF General Sir Claude Auch-
inleck to succeed Marshal Wavell as
commander in chief in India and the
creation Of separate East Asia COM
mand under leader not yet
announced
Considered together, as they log
ically should be, this trio Of appoint
ments forms a pattern which clearly
indicates major offensive, moves
against Japan from the Middle East,
presumably in conjunction with kim
dred moves by American and Aus
tralian forces from the Pacific side.
However, it should be understood
that no such gigantic squeeze play is
practicable until the end of the mon
soon season next autumn. One
strong indication of this is the an
nouncement from London that the
marshal soon to be raised to the
peerage as Lord Wavell, will not as
sumo his viceregal duties at New
Delhi until next fall.
India's present Viceroy, the Mar
guess of Linlithgow, already has ex-
ceeded the customary five-year term
| Of office. Appointed in 1885, he
assumed Office under peacetime con-
ditions. Wavell's appointment may
be interpreted from two angles. In
the first place, the marshal has had
long military experience in India,
and for the past two years, as COM
mander in chief, he has been the
creator Of vastly expanded native
army. He also has functioned as a
member of the Viceroy's Executive
Council, the keystone of India's ad-
ministrative arch. Wavell thus COM
bines unrivaled knowledge of mill
tary matters with practical expert
ence in political affairs through his
association with the other heads of
government, majority of whom are
Indians. Wavell, however never has
taken part in politics as such. He
will, therefore, assume Office primar-
lily as military man, presumably
with program of maintaining the
present political situation unchanged
until the close of the war makes
possible a broad reconsideration of
India's nationalistic problems and
aspirations.
Like Wayell, General Auchinleck is
what the British term an Indian
Army man." much of his profess
sional career having been spent in
that field of service. He thus is a
logical successor to the headship Of
the Indian military establishment.
1t should be noted that Auchinleck
takes command Immediately Even
more noteworthy is the fact that, as
the official announcement puts it:
1T is proposed to relieve the COM
mander in chief in India Of response
bility for the conduct of operations
against Japan and to set up sepa-
rate East Asia command for that
purpose"
This move is as understandable as
it is significant. The task OF expand
ing the former long-service, highly
professional Indian Army to ten
times its peacetime size is in itself
prodigious, entailing high organiza-
tional talents not necessarily COM
bined with combat ability. The actual
operations against Japan presum-
ably will be headed by general
possessing such ability in the highest
degree. When his name is an
Evening star., 1943-06-20
ReqinuId Birch

Thousands Of people are familiar
with the work Of Reginald Birch
without being acquainted with the
name of the artist himself A
numerous audience undoubtedly can
tell at a glance the peculiar values
for which his pictures are distinc-
tive. He had manner, a technique,
which is easy to recognize. The
Evening star., 1943-06-20
Fifty Years Ago
in The Star

FIFTY years ago Washington eagerly
awaited the verdict OF responsibility for
the disastrous COL
Inquest on lapse OF the Ford
Theoter Collapse Theater building
in which so many
lost their lives', The answer appeared in
The Star OF June 10, 1893 THE inquest
in the case of the Ford's Theater disaster
came to close this afternoon and the
jury has returned a verdict fixing the
responsibility so far as its decision can
fix it: When the jury retired the crowd
waited inlpatiently and discussed the ex-
pected verdict. The verdict was rendered
by Foreman Warner. 1t charged Col.
Frederick Ainsworth, Contractor Dant,
Engineer Sasse and Supt Covert for
criminal negligence and held them for
manslaughter.' Testimony had been in
troduced that the mortar in the building
was poor, and too much of it had been
used between bricks. In addition, there
had been mass OF other evidence tend
ing to show insecure foundations.
1Ne 6oT0ell murCer case came TO
conclusion. Not guilty" said the jury
Editorially The Star of
Miss Borden June 21 1898, commented:
Acquitted From beginning to end
the prosecution never did
more than show that Lizzie Borden might
have committed the crime with which
she was charged; at no time was there
a scrap Of direct testimony nor can the
most careful search reveal a fragment
of evidence that would indicate motive.
The conduct of the trial was all that
could have been desired and the verdict
is the only one that an honest jury could,
under the circumstances, have rendered
Nothing but the fat-wittedness of the
Fall River police authorities in neglect
ing every real clue that they might build
upon theory is to blame for the lengthy
and unjust incarceration of what a jury
OF twelve intelligent men have unani-
mously declared to be an innocent
woman" Even today the case is used by
prosecutors as a classic example of the
error Of presenting a case with dubious
preparation.
4 X
Fifty years ago the Capitol was a CEN
tury old, counting it as built when the
cornerstone was laid. A
Copitol centennial was planned
Centennial The Star of June q,
1893, said: There was
well-attended meeting of the general
eny,or@ittan an tho rA1ehro ~ tI> 1o,
ing Of the cornerstone of the Capitol
yesterday afternoon at Wizards Hotel.
The meeting was called by the chairman
for the purpose of completing the organ
ization and receiving the report of the
subcommittee on celebration The chair
read letters from Messrs. Crosby S. Noyes,
George Truesdell and James L. Norris
resigning from the executive committee.
Their places we're filled by the appoint
ment of Messrs. Theodore w. Noyes,
Ellis Spear and Christian Heurich'
The Star of June 81, 1893, announced
the death of Leland Stanford, Senator
from California:
Deoth Of Senator Stanford
leIond Stanford died at an early
hour this morning
at his home at Palo Alto" Mr. Stanford
had been president OF the Central Pacific
Railroad and Governor of California
during part OF the Civil War. He is
better known today, however, for his
founding Of Stanford University, which
he initially endowed with SIC, ,oo0, 900.
Evening star., 1943-06-20

ferson statue is by Hiram Powers, also
sculptor Of the Capitol statue of the
Greek Slave. There is special attraction
for woman visitors at the Capitol in the
Jefferson statue because Of the button-
holes worked In marble, so daintily done
that they could not be improved upon
In cloth.
Evening star., 1943-06-20

In the interest of both health and
economy vacationists are urged this
summer to take hiking trips and are
advised that a suitable pack weighs
about forty pounds. That is a good
deal less than soldiers and also
differs noticeably in the fact that,
with daily eating, discarded gar
ments, ETC., it gets lighter day by day.
Evening star., 1943-06-20

There is just one proper penalty for
a youthful hoodlum who deliberately
damages a Victory garden; sentence
him to some farm where he will have
to dig in one for ten hours a day.
Evening star., 1943-06-20

The words made commonly current
early in this war, "Too little and too
late" may also be properly applied to
good many wartime dinner parties.
Evening star., 1943-06-20

Mistakenly listed as of minor con-
Germ is the possibility that the OPA
may ration coal. In reality it is one
Of the burning questions OF the day.
Evening star., 1943-06-20

An osteopath recently was indicted
on a charge Of assault. Apparently
his professional zeal went too far, and
he pulled a boner.
Evening star., 1943-06-20

Crowded buses and trains have
reduced vacation travel by taking
most of the sport out Of transport.
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1943-12-02
buildings In Post-Seasora
Game Here Friday $3.50

lnr the ya$t tx wear. The hami Will
parade tomorrow h, ."r" tlr Sam"
around 30 ~ = u'c!u1E.
The Henderson team W"uhu ~ -
successful season last thursday u
thc,'' !Inal game with pN'"rd. VIA "a
season summary a.! IA" Hn~. ~"
lies. and two losses.
Practices this wccii have not been
81 strcuuuS bat In" BUlidn"a l"rl In |
iECy arc ready IL ini." " 'i' 49,
.,.'a team ,ud mr.." ,.9 .a.:-. ...-
Ion "....r r Victorian, lnni
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1943-12-02
CARD OF THANK =

wish TO express my sincere ap-
probation 10 the rircmcn o; FENDER
son. led by William Bramc. who 50
ably kept the fire at my home on
North Garnet street under control.
and Ia all others who assisted IN
this work, p. NJ. PORTER.
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1943-12-02

+" -. tell yoG. w"s huw.,a'',
yesterday. ~" Just sol :" h"aD'r H.'.
tnU BOY. Vice President li"uyE
and Congressman Ham. are at" I
:h, ne wear. Henry vas mos" t.,.
:. 1859. ilIr came :" Ill" Dec. :. 1856
Shows ruw tN" w"n;hS can '":.,r-
C..r = .,~.~'at"r On The 'rua. co., T.
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1943-12-02

Only .hc children am. u..r,
drcn "' IN" King amd the rIi.'.
grandson at the Prince %, W.I,, ,
II" 'all"d prince Cor pr.unsl ,
Great Britain. d"
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-12-10
"Cub Pack"

When Hitler was on his way up he placed
high value on youth in his war schemes and
began training boys Of the most impression
able age in the doctrine that the German race
alone was entitled to rule the world and that
it was their high privilege to help him en-
slave all other peoples. The German youth
movement developed INTO one of his most
potent weapons when he was ready to plunge
the world into its greatest carnage.
Mussolini, too, taught Italian boys hardly
out Of rompers to drill as soldiers, to think
as soldiers, to accept military discipline as
their highest achievement, ano although the
Italian armies under II Duce were a pitiful
failure against stiff odds and had no show
to their rescue, the purpose was to convert
male Italians practically from the cradle to
the grave into an armed force.
In both cases it has already been demon
strated that those who live by the sword must
die by the sword. italy is a battlefield and
Germany's great centels, including Berlin, in
ruins. Hitlers boys led by Prussians. are
dying at "a terrible rate. As winter settles
down in Russia, as Clark and Montgomery
move northward on Rome, this frightful rate
becomes greater. Ruin lies at the end of the
path for Hitler and his youth movement.
Htlers mistake was the assumption that
the highest goal of life is the destruction of
other life He overlooked tine lessons of his
tory, one of the chief Of which is that while
tyranny may prosper for time it always
seals its own doom. Hitler already has reason
to rue the day he set Out to conquer the
world. And the heavy price of his defeat is
being paid in the lives of bcys he taught to
believe themselves invtnciple, with as heavy
a price levied upon the lives OF Americans,
Russian and British boys to prove they are
not.
There is a better way to train boys. They
deserve to be trained fc1 constructive citizen
ship. This is the principle OF Scoutdom Boy
Scouts are taught useful things, including
service to humanity. This is why the an
nouncement that a new "cun pack has been
organized at Maffitt Village is gratefully re-
ceived. Scout "cubs'' are youngsters from
nine to twelve-too young 10 stsnd the more
vigorous training of full fledged Scouts, but
still old enough to absorb the 1udiments of
good conduct and usefulness which lie at the
roots Of this splendid youth movement which
hts boys to be men in the finest sense. May
it have the success it we'll merits.
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-12-10
Band Concerts

Unless one is particularly fortunate Sunday
afternoon is lonely time. Everybody can't
attend a show. For the most part radio pro.
grams are stupid. Most people just sit around
the house, read the paper anc doze, to rouse
later with bad attack of blues. Thousands
of soldiers wander aimlessly through the
streets
One way to make Sunday afternoon more
endurable is to offer band concerts Tnev are
always popular. Most cities have winter
program of concerts which invariably eniov
increasing audiences as thu season advances.
Why not have them here?
Wilmington has an excellent EO.TC. hand
Lieutenant Lacock has brought his organiza-
ton to higher level this year, according to
many who have heard it. He gave few
concerts on the lawn at the Woodrow Wilson
hut not SO long ago which went over big
With adequate encoura cement it is possible
that this band might give concerts regularly
And with the good fellowship between vii.
mington and Camp Davis it is possible that
an Army band might take over once in while
One thing is certain. Ii band concerts were
a regular Sunday afternoon event, manv ner.
sons in Wilmington would tie saved from the
boredom they now endure
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-12-10
News Bungling

There has been and continues to be heavy
attack on the way in which news of the Cairo
and Teheran conferences was manhandled
That there is just cause for dissatisfaction is
not to be doubted. We have not learned yet
after two years Of bitter war and garbled
fidence in their ranking Officials when in
accurate bulletins are issued and in some
cases, such as the bombing of Tokyo, bald
faced lying is resorted to-
One result of the news bungling with re-
spect of these two conferences is that the
German propa gandists jumped the gun on the
Allies and thereby robbed them of much OIL
their significance. Hanson w Baldwin. the
war analyst of the New York Times points
this out in a recent article Concerning the
meetings at Cairo and Teheran and the dele
gates participating IN them, he writes:
The Germans have been emphasizing
these conferences fol- some weeks and
over the short-Wave radio have tried to
build up Allied hopes to expect great
things. If great things do not immedi-
ately develop, the result will be anti-cli-
mactic.
The enemy has won the first battle in
this skirmish of wits. So far he holds
the psychological battlefield; We have been
beaten back This is in major part due
to mistaken emphasis or secrecy
For the safety of the participants Sc
crecy about certain aspects O. the meet
ing was essential, and obviously details
of military plans cannot be published Yet
the policy of secret agreements secretly
arrived at bodies no good fol the future
hope of the world
The somewhat opera bouffe manner in
which conference news has beer released
comes in some sense as a capstone to
various public relations errors
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-12-10
Daily Prayer
FOR THE GIFT CT PRAYER

Lord, teach us to pray" Teach
US to pray sincerely and simply;
teach us to pray for what is in
accordance with Thy will teach
us to pray unselfishly; teach us
to pray greatly, for eternal OBJ
jectives teach us to pray patient
~ and trustfully; teach us to pray
without ceasing. Day and night,
wherever we are and whatever we
do, may all our desires be direct
eG toward Thee o merciful An
swerer of prayer. May the atti-
tude of our souls ever be God
ward, in wordless suppllcation. In
penitence and confession we pray
for pardon of OH sins. With hearts
OF forgiveness toward all of our
enemies, we would approach
Christ's standard of prayer. We
dare to pray for victory for our
arms, because we believe we are
fighting on the side of Thy clear
truth. And we pray to Thee, o
God of mercy, to hasten the day
of victory and peace. by making
our hearts ready for what Thou
are making ready for us. Amen.
w TIE.
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-12-10

Stephen Wurmser. born recently
in Hollywood, is the youngest line
al descendant of George Washing
ton
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-12-10
New Tax Bill Cut

The Senate Finance Committee has gone
the House one better BY shaving the new tax
bill down to 1880 900, 600
There will be loud outc-y from the Treas
ury and the administration at large, but it is
not apparent that this action is against the
hatlons interests or will. cripple the war pro-
gram.
The Senate Finance Committee is not an
amateur group. instead it is composed of
capable men, accustomed to deal with finan-
clal problems of great magnitude There is
no reason to think them unable to see the
overall picture of the nations money needs
nor to believe they would resort tt. snap iudg-
ment in times as critical as these They must
have carefully studied fine Treasurys REQUIRE
ments and the channels through which new
and greater economies can be achieved.
They are in Washington where they NAV
observe federal extravagances at short range.
Their opportunity to note the throngs of SUI.
perfluous government employees is better than
average. No group is as well situated to
Judge of the waste which ha. become the
fixed habit of the bure aucrats
Obviously they have reached the conclusion
that the taxpayers are being bled unneces.
! sarily, and are determined It must be stopped
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-12-10
Hope For The Best

There is nothing in the past record of Will
mingtons efforts 10 extend its water supply
mains to Kings Bluff to assure that the latest
attempt will receive favorable action by the
War Production Board. 1t would be safer to
think that another rejection will come and
experience surprise if It does not than to as
sumo the answer will be favorable and I'm
dergo another disappointment The only sat
isfaction now is that definite Eyes or mo-,
decision probably will be forthcoming and an
end brought to the prolonged controversy in
which Wilmington has the sight OF the matter
but lacked power to exercise it,
If it had only been possible to bring the
gentlemen in Washington Who have jurisdic
ton over steel for water mains tc Wilmington
and keep them here during the recent neriod
of salt infiltration they surely would have
recognized the city'S need for water s1nnlv
from a source free from the possibility of
later infiltrations, which is above the dam
at Kings Bluff. Lacking this experience, thew
cannot realize the Inconvenience the peonle
have been subjected 20 or the damage IN
plumbing and boilers not to mention auto
mobile radiators, that has resulted from the
presence ct salt water in their MAINS
The need is for Kings Bluff water. We
can but hope that the arguments presented
by the delegation which mas lust returned
from the National Capital have overcome the
opposition of the WPB officials II they have
not at least we may proceed with the Hoods
Creek installation and seek consolation, how.
ever dubious, in the fact that Whale the project
Will not fully meet the need it will at least
be better than TONERS Creek the present
source of supply.
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-12-10
New Tool Of War

Perusal OF the gripesheets filled in by SOL
dlers shows that two of every five men in
the Army complain their trousers are 4oo
tight. Soldiers ought to be able to sit doun
without ripping Their pants and presumably
will be able to do SO as quickly as new trous.
ers can be distributed, for the Army is re-
ported taking steps to correct the fault.
But the soldiers are l1letaphorically in clover
In comparison with American mothers of new
babies who cannot buy material for danerS
which, according to Senator Bridges. is due
to the shipment Of enough cloth for 600 00o
of them to north Africa.
Lend-lease has Travelled tar since Prim e
Minister Churchill of Great Britain said to
the United States, Give us the tools and
we'll do the fighting It takes an active
imagination to list diapers for north African
infants as tools Of war
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-12-10
Raymond Clapper Says:
Special Interest Groups
Create Home Front Crisis

He is in private life because he
crossed UP the farm organizations
by leading the fight for price con-
troll legislation.
Justice Byrnes is protesting
against that, and pleading with
Congress in wartime to consider
the larger interests of the nation,
and to spare us the damage that
would be done by throwing open
q race between prices and wages.
And the young Air Force man
pleads for support for Senators
and Representatives who will vote
to hold the line.
Perhaps people are more ready
than we realize to stand by those
who will make the hard choice
and resist the break through.
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-12-10

NOUS among the soldiers, sailors
and marines who have fought their
way into the iungles after the willy
Jap.-Boston Herald,