davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-07-11
vatationing Federal
Already
Working on Farms

Vacationing Government workers
already are beginning to volunteer
for work on nearby farms, even be-
fore plans for the United States En-
ployment Services campaign to re-
cruit city harvest hands" have
been worked out 1t was learned last
night.
K.Fvernon Banta, District USES
director, said about ha1f-dozen
employees of various agencies In, the
District have applied for work on
nearby farms and all have been
placed.
Mr.. Banta said q meeting Of
county agents of nearby Virginia
and Maryland counties has been
called by c. w. Pittman, farm labor
specialist with the War Manpower
Commission, for 10 am. Tuesday
when the actual number Of workers
needed in various sections will be
worked out.
John Jones, former Agriculture
Department employe who will head
the USES campaign, has been pre-,
pairing details of the actual recruit
ing drive which Is expected to get
under way soon after farm labor
needs are ascertained.
Mr.. Banta said the campaign will
seek only enough men to fill definite,
stated needs. The practice Of re-
cruiting large groups of enthusiastic
men and women who may have lit
tie or no qualifications for farm work
will be frowned on. .--s
I'VE wish to impress the fact upon
volunteers that their vacation time
is to be used for work purposes
work that will aid in winning the
war and not for vacation at
the expense Of the farmer"
Mr.. Banta said the conference
Tuesday is expected TO furnish cam
paign heads not only with specific
numbers of farm alborers needed
but with the specific jobs they
will be asked to perform and the
approximate dates they will be re-
quired. ~
When this information is in hand,
Mr.. Banta said, recruiting can be-
gin, with each volunteer being as
signed a particular job. Placement
also can be handled pretty well IN
advance, he said.
Evening star., 1943-07-11

| 81, 500 900 barrels curing a primary
period" defined as not less than
five years. During this time Navy
would receive nothing, but 1t would
be credited with 64 per cent of the
oil, less its share of operating ex-
penses, which the director of naval
petroleum reserve estimated at
$3.50 900 barrels.
Five-Year Plan Of Payment.
After the five years Standard
would begin to repay Navy's share
in oil, gas and other hydrocarbons"
at the rate of one-third OF Stand
ards share in the petroleum taken
out Of the reserve. Production then
would be limited-in contrast to the
$4,000 barrels daily permitted during
the primary periodic 750 barrels a
day, barring some amendment to the
contract.
That's bare outline of an ex-
tremely complicated pact. 1t has
been stated without going into. the
Navy's reason for negotiating it or
the legal objections to it later raised.
The contract was signed by Secre-
tary of the Navy and sent to the
White House November II, l942.
President Roosevelt approved it, and
1t went into effect. Late in the fol-
lowing February, Mr.. Knox phoned
Secretary of Interior Ickes--for some
reason not yet explained publicly
and asked If Mr.. Ickes had seen the
contract. Mr.. Ickes said he had not
but would like to. A copy was sent
over, and 1t was referred to Under
secretary Abe Fortas. Mr.. Fortas
held it was not in the public interest,
and so informed Secretary Knox,
who advised the White House. The
President referred 1T to the Depart
ment OF Justice. Norman M. Littell,
assistant attorney general for public
lands, handed down an opinion that
the contract had no warrant in law
and should be cancelled. Later, it
developed, controller General War
rem, scrutinizing an appropriation
relating to the agreement, arrived
at the same conclusion indepen-
IDENTIFY.
Concract Was Cancelled.
Mr.. Knox announced that the
contract would be cancelled. But
members of Congress, recalling the
history of Elk Hills, demanded an
investigation. The House Public
Lands Committee and the House
Naval Affairs Committee began in
quiries into phases of the deal.
These are under way.
Unlike Teapot Dome, there has
been no charge of fraud or collu-
sion in the present Elk Hills contract.
But Senators and Representatives
were curious-they wanted to know
more about the whole thing.
The Navy, meanwhile, defended
the pact vigorously, although Secre-
tary Knox had abandoned it and an
5nounced that Standard had agreed
to drop it. officers concerned in the
negotiations contended it had pro-
vided the best solution to the prob
lem of Reserve No. Ia situation
which will be explained in more de-
tail.
Evening star., 1943-07-11

Later, he became the welfare de-
partments superintendent of works
projects.
In 1885 he went to the Agricul-
ture Department as labor relations
advisor, in charge of getting labor
for housing projects then under con-
struction by the department.
Two years later, he went to Cum
berland as manager of that Office
Of the United States Employment
Service where he remained until
early in 1912 when he was sent to
Baltimore as field supervisor for
the employment service covering
Maryland.
Later in the year, he was trans
ferred to Washington as assistant
regional representative of the So
cial Security Board and after the
formation of VINO he was respon-
sible for touring the region to set
up stabilization plans and get labor
management committees appointed.
The plans in both Cumberland and
Hagerstown. Md, were organized
under his direction and he assisted
in starting the Baltimore stabiliza-
ton plan.
Work TO be Continued.
Since coming to the Washington
office last month, he has worked
with laundries, restaurants and the
Washington Terminal Co. on man
power problems and will start dis
cussions with the fuel industry this
week.
He said he plans to go on con-
tacting each industry in the area to
assist in solving the problems Of alb
senteeism. turnover and labor. short
age, backed up by recruiting by the
USES.
I'm the past few weeks" he said,
"the USES has demonstrated its
ability to cope with recruiting prob
lens. If it does not continue to do
so, I hope that we will be informed
so we can remedy any defects which
may become apparent in the organi-
zation.'
Mr.. Hetzel is married and has two
children and lives at 7018 Wake For
est drive, College Park, Md. The
area directors Job carries a salary
Of S. 500.
Evening star., 1943-07-11
BY THOMAS r. HENRY,

TUNIS, NORTH AFRICA (By
Wireless) July 10-In the middle of
a former plum orchard on this city s
edge lies the Unknown Soldier. On
a little wood slab over the grave are
the pencilled words, "Amerikan I'm
bekannt."
Beside him are graves marked
with concrete black maltese crosses
with such names as Joseph Her.
mann and Karl Bodenberger. Just
behind are tall concrete Celtic
crosses on graves of John Alfred
Wheat and Peter James Whitebread,
"Englanders."
All lie in a German military cem-
etery near the Tunis dock area
where many were killed in bomb
ings. 1t contains several hundred
German graves, few English and
the American Unbekannt."
Soldiers who strolled through the
cemetery were angry at the appar-
ent discrimination, but they failed
to note scores Of German graves In
Evening star., 1943-07-11
Nuzis' Wooden Slab Marks
u. S. Unknown's Tunis Grave

the rear of the cemetery with no
more elaborate graves.
Evidently the German dead were
buried hurriedly in the last few days
of occupation and the Americans
probably had their fallen airmen
buried at the same time. Earlier
the German graves were quite elab-
crate, with various styles Of crosses
and all with blooming geraniums,
now fading.
Many graves have cabaiistic fig
ures above the soldiers record
There is also a symbol of the tree
of life-upright by his birth date and
upside down by his death date.
Most of the crosses are black, with
the swastika on the uprights. Other
crosses are white and yellow.
All German flyers have the SYM
boil Of an eagle carrying a swastika
in his beak, all encircled with a
laurel wreath. The cemetery is sur
rounded by yellow Towering hedge.
This Is indeed q strange spot,
among these black crosses, for
American Unbekanrt."
Evening star., 1943-07-11
Americans Give Money
To Rebuild Church

American technicians have sub
scribed s400 to the rebuilding fund
of the Macrory Memorial Presby-
terian Church in Belfast, Northern
Ireland.
When the new church is built a
plaque will record their generosity.
The Rev. James Patterson, pastor,
at the request of DR.. Nygard, chap
lain Of the technicians, visited the
army camp and told how the church
and lecture hall had been destroyed
by Nazi bombs.
The experts were deeply touched
when they learned that 50 persons
were killed and TO- families wiped
out.
Evening star., 1943-07-11

Before circumstances surrounding
the contract and varying predic-
tions of its probable effects are con-
sidered, 1t might be well to recite
more of the stormy narrative of Elk
Hills before the present controversy.
In 1904, six years before this
Government oil reseryeswas created,
the Southern Pacific r. r. selected
eight odd sections and two partial
sections as indemnity land. The
railroad acted under a grant to Its
predecessor, the Atlantic & Pacific
r. r., in 1866. The old railroad had
received 20 odd sections, some out
right, others as indemnity, under
the Governments policy of giving
railroads which were building up the
West lands in addition to their
rights-of-way to help defray the ex-
pense Of this pioneer work. In
demnity lands were these ceded to
make up for original grants taken
away because of mineral deposits,
private claims or other reasons.
In granting lands to the trans
continental railroads or to the States
for schools, the Federal Government
excluded all mineral lands other
than those containing iron or coal.
The policy was to reserve most
minerals, so that the Government
could dispose of them only under
specific leases under specified con-
ditions.
u. S. Brought Suit in 1910.
The Elk Hills sections claimed by
the Southern Pacific as indemnity
for other lands taken away from its
predecessor were represented to be
nonmineral lands and patents were
issued the railroad In 1904. In 1910
the Government brought suit to set
aside the patents of several sections
on the ground of fraud. The South
ern Pacific was charged with repre-
senting falsely that a survey Of the
land has revealed no minerals.
A District Federal Court in Cali
fornia found fraud and entered a
decree cancelling the patents. The
Circuit Cout of Appeals reversed the
District Court and held the claims
valid. But the Supreme Court up
held the District Court and so the
patents were set aside and the land
reverted to the Government.
The United States, meanwhile,
filed second suit. in 1912, seeking
to recover three additional sec
tions-29, 81 and 33-on the same
ground. BY the time this action
came to trial, the Court of Appeals
had ruled in the previous case. The
District Court followed that ruling.
Then the Supreme Court decision
In the other case was handed down.
There still was time to appeal the
second case, but A. Mitchell Palmer,
then attorney general. failed to take
advantage Of the opportunity. The
time limit expired. and the Southern
Pacific kept the sections. The Gov
ernment, having exhausted its legal
remedies in this particular case, cam
not reopen it.
Standard Oil, having derived title
from Southern Pacific, to the three
lost sections, owns them today.
Evening star., 1943-07-11
WA Suspends Quotas
On 1943 Cotton Crop
BIZ the .Assoclated Press.
By the Associated Press,

BY the Associated Press.
The War Food Administration
announced yesterday the suspension
of cotton marketing quotas for the
1943 crop and indicated that no
quotas would be in effect for the
1914 crop.
The VIA said its decision to
suspend quotas was based on Of
ficial estimates that the cotton
acreage was about 100000 acres
under the 1943 AAA allotment.
Evening star., 1943-07-11
Fred HetzeI IS Recommended
As VINO Director ofD. c. Area

Fred Hetzel, acting War Man-
power Commission director for the
Washington area. was approved by
the area Labor Management Com
mittee yesterday and recommended
by the VINO to the Civil Service
Commission for appointment as
permanent director.
1t was announced that the VINO
has asked the Civil Service Commits
sion for list OF eligibles to fill the
post of director of the District
United States Employment Service
to succeed x. Vernon Banta. who Is
now on leave from the national
VINO. Acting Regional Director Leo
Werts said the names of the candi-
dates would be submitted to the area
Labor arrangement Committee for
their recommendation.
The name Of Henry E.. Treide Of
Baltimore also went to the commits
sion yesterday. He has been rec
commended as director of the region
covering the District, Maryland, Vir-
ginia, West Virginia and North Caro-
lima.
Nominated by the President last
week, Mr.. Treide was confirmed by
the Senate and then the confirma-
uon was withdrawn when it was
discovered that all the Senators
whose States were included in the
regional organization had not been
given a chance to pass on his can
didacy. Meanwhile, the McKellar
amendment requiring Senate con-
flrmation of jobs paying $4,500 or
more was defeated and it was de-
cided to submit Mr.. Treide's name
to the Civil Service Commission.
Deschner Resigned.
Mr.. Hetzel would succeed RAINY
B. Deschner, whose resignation was
accepted as of June 30. Mr.. Hetzel
has been acting area director since
June 7, when Mr.. Deschner went
to ST. Louis because of the health
of his family.
When Mr.. Deschner's resignation
was announced last week the area
Labor Management Committee ap-
pointed smaller committee to rec
ommend successor, but the COM
mittee informed Mr.. Werts yester-
day that since Senate confirmation
was not necessary it became a mat
ter for the regional director to
decide in accordance with Civil
Service procedure.
In recommending Mr.. Hetzel, Mr..
Werts said he told the committee
that he wanted to select some one
who was qualified, with the back
ground and training for the job
and who was acceptable to both
management and labor. He said that
since Mr.. Hetzel already had dem
onstrated his ability on the job,
he would recommend him II the
committee approved.
The 34-year -old candidate, whose
present job is assistant regional rep
resentative, was born in Cumber-
land, Md. and took his B. A. and
M. A. degree at the University of
Maryland.
Came Here in 1898.
After teaching history and eco
nomics and coaching in baseball
and basket ball at Tome Prepara-
tory School, he came to Washing
ton in 1888 to become a case work.
er in the transient program of the
Districts Board of Public Welfare.
Evening star., 1943-07-11
Two Million Students
Raise Nation S Labor
Force 10 54,80o,0O0

AS a result of the addition of
2,0O0,00 students the Nations civil
ian labor force reached total Of
81, 900 900 in June, an increase of
1000, 900 over the preceding month,
the Census Bureau estimated yester-
day.
Both employment and unemploy-
ment increased during the month,
the bureau said, reporting the re-
suits of survey during the week
of June 6-12. Due to the large
number of students looking for sum-
mer jobs, unemployment increased
from 100000 to 10000 and total
employment climbed from 50, 100 900
to So, 100000.
Agricultural employment, which
increased from 10000 In May to
II 100000 in June, accounted for
most Of the employment gain during
the month.
Though the increase in the civil
ian labor force was the largest reg
istered during any month during the
past year, tie June total was 1,500,-
600 less than the June, 1912, figure.
Despite the months employment
gain of 100000, the June employ
ment total - l53 400 900 - was only
100000 above the estimate for last
June. fact which emphasizes, the
bureau said, ''the difficulty of in
creasing employment and at the
same time meeting the manpower
needs of the armed forces"
The slight increase of 100000 in
non agricultural employment in
June was entirely limited to women,
the bureau stated. adding that the
seasonal movement of male students
into jobs failed to counteract the
effect of inductions into the armed
services. The number of men in
non agricultural employment in
June decreased for the tenth sue
cessive month.
Evening star., 1943-07-11
BY CARTER BROOK JONES.

Il
California;
BY CARTER BROOK JONES.
Another episode in the turbulent
history of the Elk Hills oil field in
Kern County, Calf, has brought
9 long-familiar sequence-contro
versy, a congressional investigation
litigation in the off1ng.
These rich oil lands have been
before the courts, at frequent inter-
walls, for 33 years, and a number of
times the Supreme Court has
handed down precedent making
decisions.
Since Oil Reserve No. 1 was es-
tablished, in 1912, "for the exclusive
use or benefit of the United States
Navy" this portion of Elk Hills
has been in almost constant dissen-
ton Of the one kind or another The
most sensational development was
the Teapot Dome scandal of the
Harding administration, which sent
Albert B. Fall, former Secretary of
the Interior, to prison for allegedly
accepting bribe of 100000 and
wrecked a dozen regulations, off,
cial and industrial. There were two
leases involved In the notorious pro-
ceedings-Teapot Dome in Wyo-
ming, Navy Reserve No. 3, and No.
at Elk Hills. The Supreme Court
vacated both leases, on grounds of
fraud and executive acts unau-
thorized by statute.
Navy Owns Two thirds.
Today the Navy owns approxi-
mately two-thirds of the Elk Hills
oil fields. Standard Oil of Califor-
MIA, which was not involved in the
Teapot. Dome leases, now controls
nearly all the rest, with negligible
portions held by other private
interests. The Navy's land amounts
to 35,175 acres, Standards to 8,298.
On November 20, 1912, the Navy
Department and Standard Oil
signed an agreement governing pro-
duction and conservation on the
entire field-or that overwhelming
portion of it which together they
owned. The small part not in
cluded was to be acquired by the
Government through negotiation.
Navy was to acquire title to the
surface of all the land involved.
Navy and Standard were to share
the petroleum products on a basis of
64 per cent for Navy and So per cent
for Standard. Navy agreed to pay
the company s1,748, ,40875, princi-
pally to reimburse it for what it
previously had spent for exploration
and development, but also to pay
for the surface title to its land.
Standard was to have the exclusive
right to develop the combined res
ervation, with Navy receiving its
share of the take in refined prod
ucts. The company was to be al
lowed, under the naval policy of
conserving its oil in the ground until
needed, to pump out maximum of
Evening star., 1943-07-11
Neighbors Help Farmer
Catch Up With PLANTING

BY the Associated Press
DECATUR. Ill.-The illness and
subsequent death of his wife put
Farmer r. r. Bailey far behind in
his farm operations.
But 10 of his neighbors went to
the Bailey farm with tractors and
cultivators for equipment, offered
to give him lift with his work.
The big crew, which at distance
appeared much like an Army tank
formation, cultivated lis acres of
corn and 10 acres Of soybeans in
less than four hours.
Evening star., 1943-07-11
Shortage Hits Smithies

AS the result of boom in buying
and selling scrap silver which prac-
tica1ly wiped out the supply some
time ago, Fire has a shortage of
silver for industrial purposes. and
silversmiths may soon have to quit.
Evening star., 1943-07-11
Weather Report

FURNISHED by q. 8. weather 4ureau)
District Of Columbia-Showers
late Sunday afternoon and evening;
continued moderately warm with
gentle winds.
Virginia and Maryland-Scat-
tered showers Sunday afternoon
and evening; continued warm. .
.. River Report.
Potomac and Shenandoah Rivers
clear at Harpers Ferry. Potomac
clear at Great Falls.
R.nort untu IN PM gaturday
Evening star., 1943-07-11
Rich Oil Reserves of Elk Hills Have Been
Involved in Controversy for Many Years Il

This is the first in a series OF
articles on the background and
high lights OF the controversial
Elk Hills oil contract between the
Napy and the Standard OIL Co. of
California;
Evening star., 1943-07-11

Record Until 10 Pm. SATURDAY, p
Hishest. IS, 2:45 pm. Yesterday year
ago. 81.
Lowest. 20. 4:10 am. Yesterday year
ago, 6s.
Record Temperatures This Year.
Evening star., 1943-07-11

Monthly precipitation in inches In the
Capital tcurrent month to date1: -
Evening star., 1943-07-11

one-half hour after sunset.
Precipitation.
The Durant news. (Durant, Miss.) 1882-1985, 1943-11-18
November 9, 1913
Rotary Club
Duront, Miss.
Gentlemen:

As a former potent at the Crippled Adult
Hospital, may ! express my appreciation for the fine
medical care that was given me through your ef-
forts and those who contribute to the support Of
this great institution.
have seen many seemingly hopeless Grip
piles made able to walk, who would not have had
this chance, but for the work Of the Rotary Club and
those who help support this hospital.
Sincerely,
Roymond EImore.
Ohio Waisenfreund. [volume] (Pomeroy, O. [Ohio]) 1874-1953, 1943-01-06
Mitt,pod, Ben s. Sannar 1912

a. WfoDff11el BON etnclH I'M eta3lreld)
eridicneneit nno DieI gefnlifte1l Duhs
@enl1B oieIen BON einem iliagen Na-
! l3ifrontfampfer DerfaBten gude gibt
lcs in 9eutidIano feline d)riitliden
l5DlDnten ntebr.
Das gnd Soft nno Bolt Sol
0atiides 8efenntnis' beihreibt, tpia
Die ill1lse Generation in Deutih hlona
ben alien Wlouben biutcr fib geIniiea
liino iid 5u einem i1enen @lauben
Ourdgefdmpft bat. Mortlid laifet bes
iungen gtbeiiten na5iitifdes @lau-
bensbefefntnis:
SD CLAUDE an einen @ott Der
Madt uno iein eniges Deutihlano",
'dreibt Ser gerfaiier. uSe tiefer mir
| in ben nationalio5ialiitiiden @lauben
eingetaubt iitlO, oeito nebr baben iid)
luniere Seraen bon oem Glauben i'm
Ierer 8ater nbgeipartbt. Sier rief uns
Deutihlan6 bort gbriltus. llno-
Inn Deutidlanos tpi1en beeriffen mir,
oaB es feilten anberen @nstpeg gab,
als ,gbriltus aus unieretn Ser5en 5it
reiBen, oan1it Der gall5e Gaunl iif
nit Deutiblano fiille."
,Das gbriitentum tit oie Geligica
Der &leinen unb Sbpadbel1 Die 9s-
ligion Ser Seigen uno grbarmlihen.
Der @ott Der GbriIten lit Elm @ott
Der 2iebe, aber 2iebe fann llidt oas
Neien Der @ottlidfeit iein.'
| Ser gerfafIer, Der Dorgibt, i'm Sea-
men Ser geiamten fdmpfeilben Sugenb
at ipre6en, glaltbt, bob Der Starfc
berrlben uno Ser Sdipade beberrl6t
merben muB. ,,9arun', febreibt er,
,ipre1en mir nidt bonn @ott Der 2iee
be. -. llnier Soft lit ein @ott Der
Ma9t. unb unler Soeal lit nidt'
Der geouloig leiOenoe Gbriltns, ions
bern Ser madtig fdmpfe11be Selo."
sSn ieiner 8eidreibung Der oeut<
| iden Mnidaulng bon @ott iagt Der
gerfaiier: Ser iiioiihe CLAUDE uno
Ole d)riitlihe Aeligion baben 8ott
flein l,nb meni6lid genadt Ser
oeutihe @ott lit eine allsetpaltige
Madt, cine gifion obne GornL 0eiien
@egenpart mon MIR abnen uno fiji
len fann aber niht ieben."
,,8ir Geutiden", ihlieBt er, .,lpl,r-
] ben bonn 5didial ausertpablt, als er.
lite nit benz gbriitentllrn 5lt brerben.
Gas lit eine gbre fiir uns..
Bon Dem Bnf Dur6en bereits
iddsunestpeiie 100000 grenplare in
DeutibInnb berfauft. 1ss.
Benn oieier iunge gottloie Wriins
ldnabel ileint. er fpred)e Inn Nan1en
her gan5eu beutfden Sneel,o ober gar
Deutidlanbs, 70 trdgt er l,llr lein'
bobenloie sSg1lorai1s 5ltr sdnll. Das
oeutl6e Bolt lit in Ieiner groBeu
Mebr3abI briitlih uno .gottglaubig
Illno cine 1lngIdubige, Soft Ie,tgnenne
unO baifenbe gaa3inlinoritdt iit nidf
imitanOe, oieien @ottesglauben aus
oern Ser5en oes beutihen golfes .5u
reiBen. @ieaeidt Iiegt Der frebelnbe
Jrontfnloat iett fhon i'm riliiiihc,,
5hnee beernben ilnb ipirb Befnn1t.
lfdaft gernuht baben nit .be1n etpigen
EMihter,. BEN er-. eeleug1et.
81. X . * .., 81 Z,
s Saba baat i33adrridiHf
/ cesll -einern eestlterpieu I'M @nfhnri