davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-03-02
Now Is the Time

The war accentuateS, does not
eclipse, the plea of the people of the
District for elf-determination here
at home through the right of repre-
sentation in their Government.
This was the theme of Senator
Capper's brief and eloquent appeal
to the Senate yesterday, which was
made at about the same time that
the directors of the Washington
Board Of Trade were reaffirming
their stand in favor of national
representation representation for
the people of the District in Congress
and the electoral college.
"These Americans" said Senator
Capper in his reference to Washing
ton residents, "are taxed without
representation. They are drafted
Into the armed forces without repre-
-sentation. Thousands of Washing
tonians are fighting today on scat
tered fronts all over the globe, to
carry the four freedoms to the people
of all the world-except their own
relatives and themselves In the Dis
'trict Of Columbia"
Senator Capper echoed sentiments
expressed in the report of the Board
OF Trades Committee on National
Representation, indorsing the Cap
.per-Sumners resolution proposing
constitutional amendment:
80 The consideration of such
an amendment, Americanizing the
people Of the District, is peculiarly
appropriate as wise measure OF war
preparedness and is in accordance
with the wartime spirit.
TN accordance with the spirit of
the wartime and in recognition of
the democratic principle that they
who risk their lives for their coun-
try's defense are entitled to partici-
pate in the Government which sends
them to war, Congress has declared
that our soldiers, sailors and marines
are high up in the preferred list of
voters Among the millions of
SANCI4CdI dl uiSUtdIeIS illus 1lOIlOIEQ
are thousands Of Washingtonians
who, though just as enthusiastic,
patriotic and self-sacrificing as their
companions, were forbidden by the
Constitution to participate in the
national election"
The pending constitutional amend
ment resolution is stripped of contro-
versial wording which might suggest
a campaign for full statehood for the
people of the District, or any COM
initial as to the form by which Con-
gress might choose, on ratification
Of the amendment, to give the people
OF the District representation in
their Government. It enunciates a
principle from which there can be no
dissent from those who believe in
the American form of Government.
1t gives Congress unfettered choice in
exercising a new power to admit resi-
dents OF the District to participation
In their Government, without at
tempting to say how or when that
power shall be exercised 1t is a
rallying point for all those in the
District, and in Congress, who would
remove the stain of un-Americanism
from the American Capital.
Evening star., 1943-03-02
Hoskin's Answers
To Questions
BY frederic J, Hdskfn.

A reader can Get the dss,cer 10 env
question Of fact BY sCrtttng The Ive-
ming Stdr Information BnYeGN. Fred.
eric J. Haskin, director, Washington,
D. c. Please incloss stamp for return
postage.
Q. How many men were taken pris.
oner in the last war?-H. G.
A. An estimated 7,50o, 900 prisoners
were taken in the First World War.
q. What is meant BY "the Big Five"f
DIP.
A. The term Is used In reference TO
the five chief railroad brotherhoods.
Q. How old was Xavier Cugat when
he atced As accompanist to Caruso?--
c. d. w.
A. Mr.. Cugat was 16 years Of age
when he toured the world with Caruso,
In the capacity Of assisting artist and
accompanist.
Q. Where in New England Ia the
place that is said to be the rustieet spot
In the world?-E. L. H.
A. The vicinity Of Point Judith light
house In Rhode Island. Tests at the cor
rosion station showed that rust forms
here Is per cent more rapidly than at any
other testing station in the world.
Q. Please give; some instances where
defeated generals were made heads Of
governments, as for instance Marshal
Petain.-K. B. ).
A.. Marshal Won Hindenburg, who
was elected President Of the German Re-
public, and Marshal MacMahon who be-
came President of the French Republic.
are two examples.
O. What hat size Is sold most fire.
quently to men?-L. D. w.
A.. 1t is estimated that Is per cent Of
the hats sold to men are size 67s.
@. How many young does an arrna-
dillo give birth to at one time?-L. 7. B,
A.. An armadillo always gives birth to
quadruplets.
q. Where is Hog Island?-C.T T.B.
A. 1t Is . small island in the Della.
ware River near Philadelphia. During
the First World War 1t was the Govern
ment's chief emergency shipyard, with
more than 50 ways.
Evening star., 1943-03-02

q. what vas the Star chamberi-
d. w.
A. It was \ British high court Of the
Middle Ages which ruled arbitrarily,
without jury, and tn secret. The name
was derived from the s4ar-studded cell
ing Of the chamber IN which 1t met.
9. How much Of AlaskA Il within the
the Arctic Circlei-J. W. N
A. Only ons-fourth of Alaska Il north
Of the Arctic Circle, the remaining por-
tion IN the moth temperate zone.
q. How fast doss The average person
speak?-B KIN
A. The average person speaks from 80
10 $50 words per minute. Ths rate at
which he increases speed under sxcite-
ment depends entirely On the individual
Q. Where did Christopher oo,sambus
learn navisation?-D. 3. p.
A. According to the Life Of Ool,un.
bus" BY his son Ferdinand, Chritophss
Columbus was sent to the University Of
Pavia, where he studied ASTRONOMY
geometry ana eoMnoS1aphy.
q. Who Is considered the most ~
nous pottery maker Of AL time7-R.
A. Josiah Wedgwood was the most
successful and original workman known
in the history Of pottery It's whole sub.
sequent manufacture has been influenced
by his skill.
Q. When was the flrst cabinet meet.
ing held2-G. Z.
A. What may be regarded as the flrst
cabinet meeting was held on April II.
1791. At Washingtons request. It was
attended by Jefferson ~ Secretary Of
State, Hamilton Is Secretary Of the
Treasury. Knox ~ Secretary Of War and
Adams ~ Vice President. -
g.. What are height and weight quali-
hcations for admission TO- the Marine
Corps Womens Resegve?-O. P. Z.
A. Women must be at least fest h
height and weigh at least s5 pounds.
Q. What Is the origin Of the express
sion n bakers dozen"7-V. b. +.
A. When . heavy penalty was In
fiicted for short weight. bakers gave An
extra measure to avoid all risk Of IN.
curing fine; hence II became . bakers
dozen.
Evening star., 1943-03-02
The Viereck Decision

The Supreme Court decision free
ing George Sylvester Viereck, Nazi
propagandist, from a two o-six-year
prison term, probably will be un-
palatable to many. That would be
the natural, human reaction when
this Nation is engaged in a death
struggle with the forces for whom
the German-born publicist, a nat
uralized American, was accused of
being an advocate. If, however, the
case is considered in the light of the
calm, objective approach taken by
Chief Justice Stone, who read the
flve-to-two decision, any lack of
satisfaction at the outcome must be
tempered by the realization that the
American ideal of equal justice un-
der law must prevail despite the
passions engendered by war.
Viereck was convicted of falling to
expand on the nature of his opera
tions after registering as an agent of
a Munich newspaper and the German
Library of Information, under the
provision Of the Foreign Agents Reg
istration Act. The Government con-
tended that regulations promulgated
by the Secretary Of State required
him to detail activities which includ-
ed the publication and dissemination
Of anti-British isolationist propa-
ganda-prior to Pearl Harbor-and
that he had wilfully omitted this in
formation from supplemental regis
tration statements. The names of
several members of Congress were
linked in the charges.
The court, with Justices Black and
Douglas dissenting, held that the
propagandizing cited by the Govern
ment was undertaken by the defend
ant in his own behalf rather than as
part of his work for those he repre-
sented as an agent, and that there
was nothing in the law at that time
Gt has since been amendeO requir-
ing the disclosure of these activities.
while Congress undoubtedly had
a general purpose to regulate agents
of foreign principals in the public
interest by directing them to register
and furnish such information as the
act prescribed" the court said, I'VE
cannot add to its provisions other
requirements merely because we
think they might more successfully
have effectuated that purpose. And
we find nothing in the legislative
history Of the act to indicate that
any one concerned in it's adoption
had any thought of requiring, or au-
thorizing the Secretary to require,
more than statement Of registrants'
activities in behalf of their foreign
principals"
That the court was mindful of the
background against which the case
was being decided was evidenced In
biting criticism of the closing state
ment by the Government prosecutor
when urging the District Court jury
to convict Viereck
"At time when passion and pref
udice are heightened by emotions
stirred by our participation in great
war, we do not doubt that these re-
marks addressed to the jury were
highly prejudicial," Justice Stone
said.
Evening star., 1943-03-02

Adolf is thought to be feeling
poorly these days, but as far as
known his hearing is all right. One
Of the things he can surely hear
very clearly is that the United States
each week is putting into uniform
seven full divisions. Benito, In all
probability, is past caring.
Evening star., 1943-03-02
Slip Covers fer Furnitars-Includes

Slip Covers fer Furniture includes
chapters on uses Of slip covers, choos-
ing fabrics for service, decorative fea-
lures. estimating yardage and con-
struction. Dress up your house for
spring and summer with fresh, light
colored slip covers-carry out the
color scheme that's been in your mind
all winter. Make your home into
cool, restful and inviting place by
covering that dark, warm looking
upholstery with = cheerful color. To
secure your copy Of this practical
booklet inclose 10 cents Ia coin,
wrapped In this clipping. and mail to
The Star Information Bureau.
Name
|
| Address .,
Evening star., 1943-03-02

Secretary Stimson, speaking of our
now more successful troops in North
Africa, says. "All the complacency
has been dropped" OF all the arti-
cles In a soldiers kit which can be
dropped to best advantage In tight
place, complacency heads the list.
Evening star., 1943-03-02
Letters to the Editor

Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address OF
the 1Uriter, although the use Of
a pseud0nyn for publication is
permissible. The Star reserues
the right to edit all letters ,Dith
q Uie1D to condensation.
Evening star., 1943-03-02
Thanks for "Citation"
Expressed In Editorial.

Your tribute to the teachers made us
feel that we had received citation"
We shall all go back with our heads held
high and with new courage in our
eyes, wearing your tribute in our hearts.
A TEACHER.
Evening star., 1943-03-02

More and more pedestrians. with
future lifts" in mind, are taking
pains to kick nails, glass. etc, from
roadways into the cutters. It all
helps.
Evening star., 1943-03-02
Air-Raid Horns
nNn- De~<-<

Air Raid Horns
Draw Protest.
To the Editor Of The Star:
With an eficient distribution Of sirens,
the blasting Of AFRAID horns may still
be considered essential for some un-
known purpose, but It II wondered
whether their sound cannot be changed
to something that will not scare the
pants OF children and adults
Ask the man who lives directly IN
line with such ghoetly. ghastly. blasting
horns. HARRY QAREIfCK.
Evening star., 1943-03-02

virtues whose value has decreased ~
tho country's troubles have multiplied.
The more We have come to rely upon
brilliance and expertness and clevernsss,
the more rapidly have our troubles accu-
mulated.
There is significant analogy between
Capt Rickenbacker and Miss Thompson.
When she returned from Germany
some years ago, she spoke and wrote
with considerable emotional feeling.
Out OF her knowledge Of the European
and particularly the German situation,
she bitterly attacked the complacency
and indifference Of those who were not
as we'll informed as she was. She had
no patience either, after her experience
In Germany, with those VINO wanted to
delay and consider and "be fair" in
the face Of the menace she knew vas
approaching.
Capt. Rickenbacker has just returned
from the Southwest Pacific. He Is
equally stirred by the hardships. suffer-
ing and sacrifice Of men in that area
who are being forced to do 50 much with
oO AAeOAC. ~ 40 HULL ulVTc POlBldIlt "
him than to any of US who have not
seen those men and those conditions,
much rs we may say We recognize them.
To him, with such memories, it seems
little less than criminal that for any
reason and even for . moment those
on our production front should hesitate
to work at full capacity to support and
al v.yI,o ey1WA
much.
1t is unlikely that the men In the
Solomons have much patience, in the
midst Of their hardships. with any sug-
gestion that maximum production Of
arms should be allowed to lag while the
experts. study all angles Of the ques-
ton and argue among themselves.
Miss Thompson tells us of labor's
cease" and Of the need Of protecting
-labor's rights. and few but the selfish
viii disagree; yet Capt. Rickenbacker
has said, and the men in the Solomons
know 1t IS true, that nothing whatever
In our national life is more important
just now than the job OF getting maxi
mum arms and supplies to the men
whom our country has sent to face
hardship and danger and death
RAY BAKER HARRIS.
Evening star., 1943-03-02
Speech by Dies
Termed Hateful.

To the Editor Of The star.
Please allow us to express our views
on Representative Dies speech on the
radio Wednesday night Instead Of his
talk being interesting, 1t was hateful
He Is smearing all good men In the
Government administration, and he
should have never gotten the additional
money to carry on.
MIR. AND MRS CHARLES ZACH.
Wyoming, Del.
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1943-07-23
War Increases
Siream Pollution
Selfridee Field
Projects Cited

LANSING, July "a n, -
Milton p Adams. secretary of
the state stream control commits
sion. reported today that Con
Trajectory interpretation of fed
era legislation IN the war pro-
ductlon program had increased
materially the pollution of
Michigan streams
Projects undertaken by the
defense plant corporation and
the Army or Navy itself
Adams said, in his biennial re-
port generally have included
from the outset provisions for
sewage or waste treatment.
But, he said. the conversion of
existing plants to war produc-
ton by other federal agencies
often has resulted in major pol
luton problems.
Examples OF the former.
Adams said, were Selfridge
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1943-07-23
Newspaper
Chief Shot
Hungarian AssoiIo MT
Tokes Own Life

CLEVELAND. July % - (P)
- John s McCarrens. general
manager OF the Cleveland Plain
Dealer, today was given "one out
Of four chances TO survive bull
let wounds inflicted by an assail-
ant who later killed himself.
DR.. O A Weber. who remov-
ed bullet from McCarrens' abb
domen, said the 74year-old
publisher was in critical condi-
ton but gave him one out of
four chances To survive.
McCarrens was shot in the left
wrist, right arm and lower left
abdomen yesterday by Herbert
l.. Kobrak, 55-year-old native of
Hungary. who had been active
for several years IN Cleveland 5
fore n language publishing
field, Detective Inspector Frank
w Story said
The shooting occurred IN Nc
Carrens' fourth floor office in
the Plain Dealer Building in
downtown Cleveland where the
gunman had made an appoint
ment to see the publisher about
starting foreign language
graphic newspaper.
Kobrak, revolver bullet
wound in his right temple, died
38 minutes later.
Two notes were found in Ko-
brak 5 clothing, one addressed to
police and the other TO gentle
men Of the press" Inspector
Story said, indicating he had
planned 10 kill McCarrenS sew
eral months ago.
Enroute TO Charity Hospital
McCarrenS told associates Ko-
brak had come 10 him for fin
ancial help and that he had
helped him previously Shortly
after Kobrak entered McCarrens'
office Miss Florence ANTHONY, a
secretary, said she heard four
shots in quick succession. and
then. moment later, a fifth
shot
Mr. McCarrens opened the
door Of his office and came out.
He said I've been shot - a
crazy man just shot me Then ne
walked into the office of Joseph
Madlgan, circulation manager,
and collapsed
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1943-07-23
Job 'Thawing Out
Replaces FREEZING


DETROIT, July 23-(P,-The
war manpower commission has
turned from job freezing to a
"thawing out program TO place
the nations men and women
where they are most needed.
Judge Charles NJ. Hay, VINO
general counsel, told the conven-
ton OF the international Broth
erhood of Maintenance of Way
employees (AFL) here last night.
He estimated armament plants
needed an additional 100000
workers and said that, with un-
employment almost negligible,
there would be heavy transfer of
personnel f. o. non-essentisl
jobs into war work.
The brotherhood reelected Ell
mer K. Milliman of Detroit pres
ident and A. Shoemaker of De
troit secretary-treasurer, each
for three years.
George Hudson of st. Louis
and William Asphalt of Winni-
peg, Canada, were named vice
presidents TO serve with reflect
ed vice presidents c. E. Crook
of Chicago, T. c. Carroll of
Jacksonville, Fla, T. F. Hole
ran of Wilkes Barre, Pa, and
J. j. o Grady of Ottawa.
H. H. Reddick of Houston,
was named a new member of the
executive board.
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1943-07-23
Margarine vs. Butter Battle Holds Food Spo+Iiqh1

would, if successful, Dust the
japanese from valuable holds
and bring us nearer to Japan it,
self.
But in the third region, the
North Pacific, possibilities are
most dramatic. On Attu, we are
already within 700 miles bomb
err range from the Jap naval base
of Paramushiru, which in turn is
within bomber range of northern
Japan. The 1880 miles from
Paramushiru to Toxic are a long
stretch for l943 bombers ard
transports but will be shorter
for 1914 models.
Not only air but sea invasion
may be possible from the Kuri-
les if American troops conquer
that stern coast and its fiendish
weather. But first we must take
Kiska, and that is Attu ten times
over. However, here is the short
est route TO Japan, and the way
will be eaSed as growing Allied
sea power enables us TO divert
Japanese strength by menacing
several places al once, and as
air-power helps by bombing ia
pan from the bases in China now
being prepared.
Perhaps one day Russia will
be freed sufficiently from the
menace of the Reichswehr TO
join in going to work on the
JapS. Then, with Vladivostok
added as an air and naval base,
we can attack their sacred is
lands from north, east, south and
west.
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1943-07-23
BY THOMAS NJ. JOHNSON
NEA Military Writer

Where our new attack in the
South Pacific is aimed only at
immediate detectives such as the
japanese base at Munda, or at
the very important, but remote
and formidable Fabaul, the sal
lent fact is that we can and do
attack II proves how decisive
is the metamorphosis that Time
the great scene shifter, has
wrought in this theater since last
summers fighting season open
ed
Then the Japanese seemed in
Vinclble From the Solomons
they threatened Australia ana
our last bases and lines of com
munication in that area. Today
we have turned the tide, cleared
the southern Solomons and Pap.
va, shown superiority by land,
sea and air, and-most import
ant-have gained the initiative
BY their constant reconnaissance
IN all three elements, the Japs
showed they anticipated the al
tack which official Washington
broadly intimated we were pre-
pairing.
That we can move so freely
in waters which a year ago were
almost Japanese lakes is due to
two factors vital in coming OPP
erations
First, our Pacific sea power
has recovered from Pearl Har-
Dor and has passed Japan s-es-
pecially in key vessels of task
force warfare: carriers, cruisers
and destroyers Of all three
classes, Japan has lost more and
launched fewer than we, while
our battleship launchings are
probably greater Also we can
count upon reinforcement from
Britain once the Italian paNy-is
out of the war. That may force
Japanese naval power back into
home waters aided by land-b
ed air power, and plenty Of that
because Of the second factor
Our air power in the Pacific,
already better than the Japs
quaIitatively, is becom i n &
stronger in numbers. The recent
great air victories eliminating
in the 94-to-8 triumph are not
only spectacular but significant.
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1943-07-23

planning that the government al
located more oils 10 make this
expansion possible Contrary to
general belief, we are shipping
large quantities OF margarine 10
countries receiving Lend-Lease
aid, and there are reports that
the Army IS buying for its own
use
The Fdimer Bill. now in the
House Agriculture Committee. is
further evidence This bill, in
troduced by Hampton p. Fulmer
OF South Carolina, would repeal
Especial Fedora legislation re-
latnc TO margarine manufac-
tured and sold in the United
States
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1943-07-23
Killed in Auto Crash

KANSAS CITY. July % - (PD
- Arthur C. EVerham 66, noted
engineer who served in construc-
ton of the New York Central
Railroads tunnel under the De-
troit River, was killed Yesterday
in an automobile collision. For
the last three years he had been
director of public works here.
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1943-07-23
Attack i'm Pacific
Forecasts Greater
Blows al Japanese

So is the debut of considerable
elements of the excellent New
Zealand air force which has
shared recent Allied victories.
RATIO OF POWER is
GROWING
Our air warfare is passing
from the stage of holding the
Japs TO getting hold on them
stranglehold that must pre-
cede any real success in island
hopping There must be an UNI
brella overhead, whether troops
move in ships or in planes.
Given planes enough, troop
movement may be safer by air
than by sea. We demonstrated
this by sinking that 22-ship Jap
anese convoy while conquerins
New Guinea by flying in troops,
ammunition, food, guns, ieo IS
and tractors. This was only
rehearsal for things 10 come, anc
so were recent secret air borne
maneuvers in Tennessee. The fl
nal struggle for air domination
now starts in the South Pacific
There, in the three regions
where we might have attacked,
the Japs we're most alert. They
knew that for greater freedom
in operations offensive or defen-
sive. we should Gust them from
outposts such as Lac and Sala
maua, which we are now Starv-
ing by our blockade of bombs
And presently we mus neutral
ize or capture Rabaul the key
Ia everything south of the equa-
tor.
Our new attacks, from both
New Guinea and the Solomons,
afford a chance TO WhipsaW the
enemy Such amphibious oper
atoms are both difficult and
costly, but they will be worth
the price if they free our Aus
tralian bases from all danger and
clear the enemy from the South
Pacific. These seem to be the ul-
innate strategic detectives of the
operations just begun.
WE STRIKE IN MID-PACIFIC
The second region is the Cen
trail Pacific, where we are bomb
ing Jap-held isiets like Nauru
with a pertinacity that seems
prophetic. For an attack from
Hawaii and Midway upon Wake,
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1943-07-23

Field projects and the Willow
Run bomber plant Examples of
lack of governmental planning,
he said, were in the Oakland
Macomb county areas where
sewer interruptions are being
started now, two years after the
start Of planning and more than
year after original federal
authorization Of the projects was
announced.