davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-10-17
Higher>Priced Gold and Sale
Abroad Urged as Postwar Aid
By John Frye,
Associated Press Writer.

NEW RICHMOND, Ohio.-The square
little man, rs years old, but with almost
full head Of white hair, leaned back
in the l0-by-l2 office overlooking the
Ohio River and called to his secretary:
How much gold is In dollar? Eleven
grams? 1 never remember. That's what
secretary's for"
John w. Haussermann's pretty secre-
tary couldn't find the answer Immediate
ly, SO the Gold King Of the Philip
pines" put his thought this way:
Whatever it is, If we're going to
have stability after this war, money, our
money and any international currency
that may be adopted, must be on a
gold standard"
Judge Haussermann, who left New
Richmond to 60 to the Philippines as
soldier in 1885, spoke from the ex-
perience of 40 years developing the is
lands gold resources.
President OF the two biggest gold COM
panies in the Philippines, Benguet Con-
solidated Mining Co. and Balatoc Min
ing Co., he came home for his annual
vacation in the late summer of l94l. He
planned then to return and he still
plans to return.
Judge Haussermann-he was Judge ad-
vocate for the American forces in 1893
is unable to imagine a stable world
monetary policy without the backing of
gold and believes that the price Of gold
must be higher than the present $35 an
ounce, possibly as high as $50, to get it
out of the ground.
You think say that just because I'm
in the business" he smiled. But gold is
where you find 1t and 1t costs money
to get it.
Would Use Low-Grade Ore.
"At the present price we can't fool with
grade ores that We know have a
say, to work ton of ore for IS worth
of gold
If gold were worth $50 an ounce, we
could mine ore of an assay value of 81
a ton-or having 1925 of an ounce of
gold in each ton"
Judge HauSsermann contends that
such move would help the United
States get out from under its debt
burden by making the supply of gold
do more than twice the work it did
before President Roosevelt first reduced
the gold content of the dollar.
That will bring imitation" he said,
"but the theory that such imitation
brings an upward spiral of prices has
been proved false by what happened
after the first devaluation.
Evening star., 1943-10-17
Pacific Front

Taking the Japs completely by sur
prise, Gen. Macarthur sent heavy force
of bombers, the heaviest to take part in
concerted drive in the Southwest Pa
cific, with Thunderbolt escort, to Rabaul
on Wednesday where that most impor-
tant base OF the japanese was so smashed
that Gen. Macarthur declared that the
backbone OF the enemy's strength had
been broken and 1t. Gen. George C.
Kenney, Air Force commander, predicted
that the turning point of the war had
occurred
checkup of results disclosed that a
total OF lit planes had been destroyed
and 1l9 ships sunk. The ship losses
included three destroyers, three large
merchant vessels, 43 small sea-going
cargo boats and 10 harbor craft.
So complete was the surprise, only a
few fighters managed to get into the
air apd these were promptly shot down.
What little antiaircraft fire was started
was quickly eliminated.
Losing no time in following up the
advantage, other American forces swung
into action bombing the various landing
points and subsidiary airfields on New
Britain Island during the rest of the
week, and it may easily be that an am
phibious force will soon be on its way
before the Japs have chance to recover
from the heavy blow which just about
knocked them out on Wednesday.
The destruction Of Jap planes, added
TO the smashing of about 500 other
planes at Wewak On New G,iiues. has
Evening star., 1943-10-17


man troops on the peninsula. Kiev is
IN imminent danger of capture, while to
the north Gomel also appears about to
capitulate, the capture of both cities
promising to open the way to new offen-
slVes which may trap large forces of
the enemy or force them to withdraw
rapidly to new defense lines far to the
rear of the present battle zone.
In Italy the American 5th Army has
crossed the Volturno River and the Nazis
are dropping back toward Rome, fight
ing desperate rear-guard action. but
unmistakably yielding to superior power.
Italy has declared war on Germany,
the value OF this action still being diff
cult to assay because there has been
little in the italian fighting in this war
to indicate any great heart for battle.
Perhaps the dully-glowing hatred for
Germany may have been famed into
white heat by the unnecessary devasta-
ton in Naples and, when armed and fed.
the italian troops may show more eager
ness to oppose the Nazis than they did
the Allies, If so, the declaration of war
may have real value At any rate, it
does clear up the uncertainty as to the
stand of the Badoglio government
Much more important was the action
OF Portugal which, turning to a treaty
of long standing with Great Britain.
found authority to grant the British
sntisubmarine bases in the Azores. an
action which brought a sharp protest
from Germany
The bases will be helpful, especially to
air patrol, but even more important will
be the effect on other neutrals which see
this tiny nation defy the Nazis, who at
the height Of their power could have
blasted Portugal off the map for aid of
this sort to the Allies. The action is sig
nlflcant, too, in revealing the position of
Spain, which is no longer pro- Nazi, or If
so. not Dragging much about it. Por-
tugal would hardly dare provoke the
wrath of Hitler, perched as. she is on the
edge of the continent, with a hostile
Spain offering ready access to her bor-
dera.
Evening star., 1943-10-17

stated that Novo-Meste, 40 miles west
of Zagreb, had been completely de-
stroyed, that not single living person
remained. The threat was made thas
the Luftwaffe would continue ruthless
attacks on unprotected towns and vii
lagos so long as resistance continues.
1t is reported that at the present time
there are 13 German and Bulgarian
divisions operating in Yugoslavia under
Rommefs command, but the guerrillas
fight on with mounting success, aided in
part by supplies being flown in by Rus
sian planes in the north and by other
equipment reaching the Chetniks in the
south from British and American sources.
In the battle at the Sava River it was
stated that at least 1900 Gemnans were
killed.
The German effort to protect the rail
line connecting Belgrade and Zagreb has
cost the Nazis heavily and in various
provinces the patriots are gaining fresh
ground. Sandjack in Bosnia is said to
have been completely cleared of Ger
mans. Most of Montenegro, Dalmatia
and the Dalmatian Islands, the coastal
and other areas of Croatia and some por-
tions of Herzegovina are all reported
now in Partisan hands. Capture of the
island Of Cherso at the mouth of the Gulf
OF Fiume was also claimed
In the meantime heavy Allied air at
tack continues on various airfelds in
Greece near Athens and in the Pelopon-
nesus. Occupation of the island of Svmi,
north Of Rhodes, by the Nazis was con-
ceded.
Evening star., 1943-10-17

removed the Japanese as an air threat
for the time being and Admiral Halsey
complains somewhat bitterly that the
Jap Navy won't stand and fight any
more along the outer defenses
New and heavy drives may be ex-
pected soon along the entire perimeter
Of japanese defense in the Southwest
Pacific. Kolombangara and Vella La
vella are now completely in American
hands and already preliminary blows to
soften Bougainville have been struck.
Kahili and other airfieids have been bat
tered and nearly so Jap planes in addi-
ton to those lost at Rabaul have been
shot down in the Solomons.
The Japs made futile raid on Attu
in tbs Ieutians, bombing without re-
suit from high altitude. 1t was
thought that 10 planes took part in the
raid, venture Of little significance, but
seeking to retaliate for the raids which
American planes have made on Para
mushro
Yesterday it was announced that
American planes had struck again at
Maxim Island. northernmost Of the Gill
bert group.
Evening star., 1943-10-17

the establishment of number of rapid
ly expanding bridgeheads.
Temporarily stymied in the early part
OF the week by rains which had made
the river, which varies from 100 to 200
yards wide with 15-foot banks on the
north side, raging torrent, Gen. Clark
moved his right wing forward Monday,
capturing Pontelandolfo, IL miles north
of Benevento, from which the attack
started In the foothills, the town lies
about A miles inland from the coast.
Tuesday the position was consolidated
and on Wednesday the attack was re-
neWed, with the eastern flank moving
forward another miles to take San
Groce.
American planes, in the meantime,
kept up a constant attack all along the
front, bombing hastily established Nazi
gun positions and smashing at the lines
OF communication.
The river having subsidized slightly by
Thursday, direct attack across the
stream was started simultaneously with
the landing of the British amphibious
force north of the river under the pro-
lection of British light naval units which
hammered away at the Nazi artillery
positions.
For time the Nazis fought with all
they had but it quickly became obvious
that the threat of being trapped by either
or both of the fanking movements was
SO serious retreat was the only alternative
to capture and the Germans began to
give ground.
The first American troops to cross the
Volturno were forced to swim or travel
in small boats under heavy attack from
the Nazis on the north bank. Several
attempts to make landing were beaten
back but finally small units obtained a
foothold and, guarding these points, they
covered the hastily erection OF bridges
over which tanks and guns are now pour
ing in increasing number.
Lack OF German Air defense has been
helpful to the Allies.
Evening star., 1943-10-17
Balkan Front

From German sources came the an
nouncement that Nazi patience with
YugoslaVia had come to an end and
tnat unless the guerrilla warfare is
halted Germany intends to level Yugo-
slavian cities completely and shoot an
lndeterminate number of hostages.
The Yugoslav reply to the threats was
1.-THE capture of two coastal towns and an
attack which pushed the Germans back
over the Sava River in Slovenia in the
northern part OF the country.
Attempting to spread terror, German
planes scattered leaflets in which 1t was
Evening star., 1943-10-17
BY Bernard God,ciu

This is one OF a series of pencil
and character sketches OF Ameri-
cas- 1car leaders by Bernard God
1Cin, noted portrait artist.
Strategic adviser to United States joint
chiefs of staff.
three-Star general once referred to
Admiral Wilson as the best looking man
in the Navy, and seasoned general
ought to judge convincingly. There is
no question but that he is meticulous
in his attire, always we'll groomed and
inspiring to look at.
Tall, muscle trimmed and dignihed-
the distinctly executive type-he has re-
tanned the posture of midshipman
through all his years at sea and in land
service since he graduated from An
napolis in 1906. One of his first assign
ments was world cruise with Admiral
Vreeland. and what splendid figure
he must have made in far ports of
China, India and the Mediterranean!
With stature erect and head high he
walks today as man whom you know
will win through.
His manner and gentility command
respect with as much force as his rank.
Despite such an impressive bearing and
the knowledge of his achievements, one
feels comfortably at ease in his presence.
It's probably the result of his calm dis
position, soft, careful speech. ..:.. =.
HANDS mean as much to an artist as to
a musician, and his long, tapering fingers
appealed especially. I've looked into A
lot of eyes in connection with my work
and never seen keener. Large brain pro-
tuberances indicated fighting. ability
and great intellectual capacity. How well
that checks with his statement at one
point OF our conversations:
THE current greatness of . nation
is measured in terms Of It's wealth and
productivity-but its historic greatness
Is measured in terms Of it, intellectual
Evening star., 1943-10-17

achievements. While we have already
attained the former the youth OF Amer
lea, after this war, must look to new
fields in science and the arts to claim
for future America history of great
ness as we'll"
After that it isn't difficult to conceive
OF Admiral Wilson, as a young man,
digging far deeper into his duties than
orders require and coming through the
World War with Navy Cross and this
special citation:
For exceptionally meritorious serv-
ice in duty of great responsibility in
connection with the preparation,
handling and distribution of war
codes and for devising new and very
efficient system of communications"
That resulted from his organizing and
developing the code and signal section
OF the Navy Department. Afterward
Congress voted him substantial COM
pensation for inventions in connection
with secret communications.
Admiral Wilson, Fredonia IN. W
boy, was appointed to the Navy Academy
from Wyoming. He will be go on De-
cember n.
He was in Laborador and Greenland
In connection with. the Army's round
world fight in 1924 and served as naval
attache in the American Embassy in
London for almost two years, after which
he spent a year as superintendent of the
Naval Academy and then was ordered to
duty as chief of staff of the commander
in chief of the United States Fleet. In
March, l943, he stepped up to the select
circle of vice admirals and recently be-
came strategic adviser to the joint chiefs
OF staff.
Besides his Navy Cross, he has
Mexican Service Medal and Victory
Medal for exceptional application to
most; exacting jobs.
nelsass4 b. the 1su syndicate. Ias.)
Evening star., 1943-10-17
European Front

Like the priZefghter's heavy blow to
the heart which does not reveal its DAM
aging effects until several rounds later,
the devastating raid on Schweinfurt
may not begin to influence the progress
of the war for some weeks, but when
the Nazis find it impossible to replace
their lost tanks, planes, mobile guns and
other mechanical weapons because of a
lack OF bearings, then it will be possible
to realize the full value of the raid which
occurred in broad daylight Thursday.
That the Nazis were fully cognzant of
their dependence on Schweinfurt's main
industry and the probability that it would
be bombed was evident in the strength
of the defenses which the Flying Fort
reSses and their escorting Thunderbolts
encountered as they roared to the CITY
blasting their way htera lily through the
greatest swarm of fighter planes ever
to take part in an air battle
AS one flyer described the opposition
there were planes with heavy cannon,
planes with rocket guns, even planes so
old that the flyer declared I'VE were
looking around, half expecting the Wright
brothers to be up there"
The battle began as the American flyers
reached the coast and for nearly 500
miles the battle ragged in unprecedented
fury. Yet the bombers continued on their
way and attacked their target, coolly and
carefully, according to prearranged
plans. When the raid was over y acres
OF factory whose output was three fourths
OF all German production of bearings
and half of all production under German
control were completely destroyed.
SO BOmbers lost.
Then, having accomplished their mis-
sion, the bonlbers and their escort fought
their way back to England. The price
was heavy, 60 bombers and a couple of
Thunderbolts having been lost, but in
return for the loss of the American
planes, at least 1O4 German planes were
shot down and possibly 40 more. 1t
brought to more than 400 the number
of German planes lost in the Battle of
Europe in less than a week
Some indication of the part roller and
ball bearings play in the war industries
is shown by the fact that four r-engined
bomber requires $500 bearings while the
average Of all planes is 1000. Automo-
biles, tanks, mobile guns, submarines, all
OF the weapons and machines which have
friction surfaces moving at tremendous
speed require the bearings to keep in
operation.
Reorganization of the effect of Allied
raids on Nantes in France during Sep
tember indicates that about 125 light
warships were destroyed and some of
the worlds most noted industrial plants
were ruined.
More important from naval view
point, however was the raid by British
midget submarines, two-man craft,
which penetrated Alien Fjord in North
ern Norway to plant their fish in the
hull of the German battleship Tirpitz.
The attack, which occurred in Sep
tember, was revealed last week after air
photographs showed the Tirpitz sur
rounded by small boats, apparently
working on her as she lay low in the
water with several square miles of oil
slick extending out from her berth
in the harbor. 1t is expected that the
batt,eship will not be ready for duty
in many months as a result of the
underwater damage.
Evening star., 1943-10-17
Russian Front

Apparently acknowledging their in
ability to halt the Russian advance in
the southern area around Melitopol,
NaZ engineers blew up the restored dam
above Dnepropetrosvk, flooding the low
lands and affording, the Nazis hope, an
opportunity for their troops in the
Crlmea to escape the jeopardy in which
they have been placed by the cutting of
the rail line from Melitopol to the heart
OF the peninsula. Only single rail line
of escape remains.
The drives above and below Kev and
the heavy assault on Gomel continued
all week until fall of both now seems
imminent.
Capture OF Gomel would open rail lines
leading to Vitebsk and to Minsk and
Warsaw. the capital Of Old Poland.
Wednesday the Reds were within
slightly less than miles of Kiev, whose
suburbs the Nazis had fired. Thursday,
IN desperation, the Nazis rushed fresh
divisions to Kiev, some having come
from France, in an effort to hold the
flaming city long enough to evacuate
their troops and rescue a great deal of
menaced equipment.
AS the week came to close, the Rus
slams had succeeded in dividing the Nazi
armies along the tremendous battle front
and are in the early stages of move
ments to isolate large groups. The
troops in the north have been pushed
back to point where the Pinsk marshes
now separate them from the southern
forces. The Crimean garrisons of the
Nazis face two-pronged drive, one
moving along the Sea of Azov, both
near Melitopol, and the other COM
ing along the Taman Peninsula in the
Caucasus. This latter force is preparing
to storm across the narrow Kerch Strait.
Evening star., 1943-10-17

flow. Also interesting is the fact that
the system, running through Illinois, In
diana and Ohio, is operated by a dis
patcher in New York
Another revolutionary development OF
Smiths is portable pipeline which was
military secret until the Army gave
permission recently to print the story.
This pipeline has been used in Tunisia
and Sicily and was to have been laid
along the Burma road until war upset
these plans. The article is prepared by
George Kent and Alfred H. Sinks.
Evening star., 1943-10-17

While the 5th Army moved forward
Gen. Montgomery's British 9th has
moved steadily but slowly forward up the
Adriatic coast and inland to seek a new
contact with the western army.
The loss OF two American destroyers,
the Buck and the Bristol of salerno
was revealed late in the week by the
Navy. Underwater explosions were
blamed. The extent of the casualty list
was not determined
Evening star., 1943-10-17

OF leading maya zine articles prepared
in cooperation ,cith approximately
20 magazines.
German prisoners, en- route to this
country for internment. are now de-
prived of their razor blades, tobacco tins
and anything else with an edge on 1t
the reason being that they are "unregen-
crate explains John Mason Brown in
the Saturday Review of Literature.
On a previous trip the prisoners were
said to have used any sharp object they
could get their hands on to slash life
belts and thus reduce the chance of their
captors surviving, if the vessel were sunk
by U-boat.
1t. Brown suggests that before becom-
ing sentimental about German prisoners
of war, We examine the record of the
Nazi party to which they subscribe.
He points to their "barbarities," how
they murdered and pillaged in the name
of superior race" how they riddled
helpless paratroopers floating to the
ground and the whole black list of NaA
party sins
"If we are soft" he says, "these pris-
oners are not Make no mistake about
this. Our decencies are their strongest
weapons"
Dearth Of Women.
In the November Woman's Home Com
panion, Clare Boothe Luce takes the
feminine slackers to task. Though mil
lions of women have entered the services
and production plants. she says, hun
dreds of thousands are still holding
back in the war effort"
For every hour that some woman
idles, by that very hour is the day of
victory postponed for America" Mrs.
Luce contends.
Yet, after scolding, the author offers
an excuse for women who are not in war
activity. She believes that the men in
charge of the war program, "out OF mis-
placed chiValry, bad psychology or mere
inefficiency," have not made clear the
acuteness OF the womanpower shortage
or woman's duty in wartime
Mrs Luce believes that "only women
will really lead women" and there is q
dearth of woman leadership OF women,
She adds. The author points to the alb
sence Of women on important war boards
and suggests that the Government put
more able women into bureaucratic and
administrative Washington.
Women can and do most effectively
call women to the colors," she concludes
Women can and do organize women
most successfully. Women can, If they
are given the chance, get the 5000, 900
women still needed for victory"
Forgotten Women.
In the same issue of the Companion,
War Correspondent Robert Bellaire looks
upon the woman foreign service clerks of
the State Department as "the forgotten
women's army" One reason these wom-
an clerks are virtually unknown, he says,
is that no one in official Washington has
yet assigned them to alphabetical i'm
morality" by calling them the WFSC.
MI. Bellaire calls them "the inde-
structibles,' pointing out that though
several hundred of these women have
been within hairs breadth OF death,
none has suffered serious injury. He pays
particular tribute to Helen Lewis Skou-
land OF California, who prevented the
japanese from obtaining confidential
Government codes, later escaped in q
plane crash in Newfoundland and finally
reached London to carry on her duties.
If the soldier, sailor or marine comes
back, Business Week asserts he is en-
titled by law to his job, II he wants it,
svsn 8 Il means dring the substitute.
Evening star., 1943-10-17
tremendous Air Raids Are Expected Shorten War Both Pacific
Americas Goth Week of War
214th Week of World War II
By H0ward p. Bailey

Two smashing air raids last week
e resulting the greatest battle
results which reduce materially
Inc nrst OF the raids Fabaul
nave broken the
racine while the Shwnur Germany the
ducon OF the vital roller
warfare Impossible was H
air forces to have
oil field in
On the fighting fronts are falling back
Crimea
Evening star., 1943-10-17
Italian Front

The Nazis are in full retreat in Italy,
yielding ground steadily to 1t. Gen.
Mark Clark's American 5th Army in the
face of two flanking attacks north of the
Volturno River and a frontal assault
across the river which has resulted in