davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-01-09
Stark Predicts Long and Touqh'
War in Countering Optimism
Head of U. S. Naval Forces in Europe Sees
1914 as Year for Smashing Enemy

and said he would be delighted to
have a showdown battle with it
this year. Until the Axis fleet comes
out OF hiding, however, the Allied
ships will concentrate on the sub
marines, he predicted.
1t would be a catastrophe" to
adopt an independent air arm at
this time, Admiral Stark declared
I see no need for an independent
force at this time" he said. IF
somebody will point out to me where
the Navy or Army is falling down in
the air, then 1 might see the need
for an independent force, but 1 see
no need at this time"
Lauding the cooperation and
teamwork between British and
American forces, Admiral Stark also
commented on the general British
morale. Never has he heard a
grumble about the food rationing or
fuel shortages, he said.
Evening star., 1943-01-09

dom in history has a nation with
practically no fighting spirit left
managed to deceive the victor in
the way France has fooled Ger
many. 1t is true that much Of
it may have been accidental and
that the chief actors motives
and character may have been
questionable. Nevertheless, the
results have been most painful
for Nazi prestige.
The French surrender of Africa
to the Allies-which, incidental
ly. further reduces the already
scanty food rations of the
Frenchmen-and the destruction
Of the fleet at Toulon have put
Hitler in frenzy Of indigna-
ton. Strangely enough, how
ever, the Fuehrer, who has been
known in the past to take quick
decision whenever he felt that
situation was turning against
him. has shown for the first time
to the outside world an inde-
cision which would indicate he
has begun to lose his grip on him.
self.
No countermove was made
after the African blow and it is
questionable whether he is plan
ming to Offset the strategic mill
tary political success of the Al
lies.
Hitler's underlings are venting
their spleen on what used to be
called "Unoccupied France"
where everybody from Chief of
State Petain to the last official is
treated with typical Prussian
arrogance and disdain.
Orders Read TO Petain.
Communications from Berlin
are no longer conveyed to what
is left of the Vichy government
IN a formal fashion by high
ranking officials. Sometimes
orders are read to Marshal Pc
tain by the Nazi commanding
general. Only minor officials are
sent to talk over matters and
give new orders to Pierre Laval,
who, despite the treatment, con-
tinues to lick the boots of his
Berlin masters.
All the important Nazi officials
who used to make a pretense OF
good manners when dealing with
the marshal and the other top
Frenchmen have now been with
drawn and replaced by minor
functionaries whose rudeness is
we'll known.
The little French Army which
remained in existence until the
armlstice was torn up by the
Nazis was disarmed with indig-
nifty. The newly y-arrived Nazi
forces occupied the French bar
racks before any arrangements
could be made for the disbanded
French officers and men who
could be seen sitting despond-
entity outside the barracks on
their packs while the Germans
were installed comfortably in
Evening star., 1943-01-09

tive OF Minnesota, elected 10
thlrd term but who next April
plans to join the United States
Navy, laid his plan for the main
tenance OF peace before the Twin
City branches of the Foreign
Policy Association.
Gov. Stassen, follower of
Wendell L. Willkie in the last
presidential fight, early turned
his lace against the old isola-
zionist position of the Republican
party. The isolationists hoped TO
beat him in the election last No
vember. They were signally de-
feated.
The plan presented by Gov.
Stassen calls for the establish
ment OF a world parliament, it's
members elected by the individ-
ual nations, and for a world
council which will be the execu-
tive branch of this world gov
ernment. He does not plan for
the loss of identity and inde-
pendence Of the United States
and the other participating ma
tions. He does plan, however, for
a world government to deal with
international affairs. 1t is not
without significance that he sug-
gested the world capital should
be in the Western Hemisphere
in Panama, for example.
So far as the Axis nations are
concerned, Gov Stassen proposes
that after the war has been won,
this world government should set
up temporary governments in
those nations. Other tasks as
signed the world government are
administration of international
airWays and ocean gateways, the
organization and maintenance OF
an international military force to
insure peace, establishment of
a world court and promotion of
world trade.
Gives Form to Generalities.
This sounds like large mouth
ful. But at least it puts into
some definite form an agency
to carry out suggestions which
have been made by Vice Presi-
dent Wallace, Mr.. Willkie him.
self, and President Roosevelt in
his recent address to Congress.
All OF these gentlemen have so
far confined themselves to speak
ing in generalities. If the ends
which they desire are to be at
tained, however, it will be neces-
sary to have not only the will but
the machinery to set these things
in motion and to keep them
working.
Woodrow Wilson quarter of
century ago sought the estab-
llshment Of League of Nations,
with its World Court, to accom-
plish what President Roosevelt
has called a decent and durable
peace y The isolationist spirit
in this country, aroused first by a
minority group in the Senate,
threw the League into the dis
card. It was set up-without the
United States. 1t failed to func-
tion. 1t never tried to crack
Evening star., 1943-01-09

OF its proper objective; the latter
deals with the coordination and
regulation Of all types of supporting
fires.
Adequate provision must be made
for ammunition supply to all units,
and for the supply Of rations and
other material when necessary.
Engineer troops and material must
be ready to destroy obstacles and to
insure the uninterrupted advance of
armored troops and other units
using heavy material, as well as for
the construction or repair of roads
connecting our jump-off positions
with points within the enemy lines
to which we hope to penetrate.
And while all this is going on, It
must be realized that enemy action,
weather or failure in the arrival of
expected troops or material may
throw the whole plan out of gear,
or disrupt it's timing, 50 that most
Of the work may have to be done all
over again.
There Is Just this to be said: In
war, the unexpected Is always to be
expected.
cooyr,sht. 1o4s. New York Tribune. Ins.
Evening star., 1943-01-09
I'D Rother Be Right
Congress Members Advised to Face
ReuI Issues of q World at War

Aren't they little games, like more
tennis to win the war?
Somewhere there must be a big
answer as to what will really win
the war. Probably it is complicated
and slightly terrifying: it may in
clude universal war service act
(such as Britain has had for almost
three years. to enable government
to assign workers to vital jobs; and
taxes higher than we have yet
dreamed of; and statement on
colonies which our side has not yet
made; and the grim honest courage
needed to put North African Ease
lists in Jail and take North African
democrats out of Jail; and the even
deadlier courage needed to enable
a legislator to keep his face closed
about a gasoline shortage, and to
realize a gasoline shortage goes with
war. like uniforms.
Bitter Narrow Question.
1t is easier and pleasanter to Sc
lect a little game and play it. The
housewife escapes from the war at
funny movie. A Congress member
does it by talking about States
rights, and more power for judges.
What's wrong with States rights?
Nothing wrong with States rights.
Nothing wrong with movies, either,
or backgammon. But we are con-
cerned with the bitter, narrow ques-
ton Of what will win the war. 1 say
a Congress member who turns away
from the complicated, real world at
war, with its claws and teeth and
problems, to speak piece about the
good old American way of less power
for the White House, is only resting,
like lady at the cinema.
He is enjoying the soft lights and
sweet music Of an issue he can live
with. He is refreshing himself by
dallying with something familiar
and pleasant. 1t is nice, but it has
nothing to do with the war.
Actually, to climb into such an
issue and make ones self coy there
in, at time like this, is to climb
into kind of funk hole. And to
persuade ones self that any one OF
these little games actually is the war
is to be like that other escapist
who hopes the show will never end,
that it will never be necessary to go
back out into the cold street, the
world OF little coffee and less butter.
Evening star., 1943-01-09
BY CLAUDE A. MAHONEY.

After almost year as commander
OF United States naval forces In
European waters, Admiral Harold
R. Stark still believes this war will
be long and tough" and that any
other premise is false.
Discounting the optimism ex-
pressed recently by Admiral William
F, Halsey, commander of United
States Pacific forces, Admiral Stark
told a press conference yesterday
in the Navy Department that IF we
indulge in wishful thinking and it
doesn t come about, then that's not
good ball
Reiterating that he believed the
war would not be short, he said a
sudden blowup would be good news,
indeed, but added that he did not
expect it. He still has the same
idea he held when as chief of naval
operations he was pleading to Con-
gress to increase the size of the
Navy At that time, he said. 1912
would be a tough year when I'VE
would hit where we could" and
that l943 would "see our strength
increasing"
"SrNsh Enemy" in 1914.
THE year of 1914 ought to be COM
ing along with such power that We
will be able to smash the enemy
said Admiral Stark, who is in WASH
ington for consultations.
Any analysis of the fighting will
always show that everything de-
pends on shipping. the admiral said
and that brings home the fact that
the submarine is still our greatest
problem. There is no question about
that. he said firmly, adding that
there is a constant study being made
Of how to concentrate on the under
seas craft,
Allied losses are something to
be mighty uncomfortable about,
Admiral Stark said. Il wish We
were knocking them off faster"
Sinkings around Great Britain have
not been so frequent of late, he said
explaining that submarines hunted
where the hunting is good.
The role Of the fleet is keeping
the seas open," said Admiral Stark
After all, even America is just an
island bounded by the Atlantic and
the Pacific"
Against Independent Air Arm.
Answering a question regarding
the strength Of the German feet OF
surface vessels, Admiral Stark smiled
Evening star., 1943-01-09
BY MAI. GEORGE FIELDING
ELIOT,

The exceptionally heavy rains in
Iunlsia appear to have afforded the
enemy an opportunity to reinforce
and consolidate his positions and
communications in that country
which may cost us very dearly in
the end.
This is an example of the uncer-
tainties of war which we must all
try to understand. The brightest
hopes may be dimmed by unforesee-
able accidents of this sort; but let us
remember that the most desperate
situation may likewise be redeemed
by them, as the enemy has now oc-
casion to remark with satisfaction.
1t is rule which works both ways,
and next time it may be our side
which will be favored.
We certainly came very close in
deed to occupying Tunis and Bizerte
before an effective defense could be
organized. Our advance guards were
at the very gates of those strong
holds; but they were not strong
enough, nor quite swift enough. The
enemy held on-literauy by the skin
OF his teeth-and by tireless and
desperate energy succeeded in build
ing up his force. despite heavy losses
in transit, until the weather came
to his rescue.
Maddening Delays.
Having failed in: our first swift
advance. there was snothing left for
us to do except to build up a real
attack, on orthodox lines, and for
that, we needed first of all air super
orty, both for combat and re-
connassance purposes. Here the
weather hit us its worst blows, CIV
ing us boggy airfields and bad visi-
bility, while the enemy, enjoying no
better visibility, had at least the ad-
vantage of permanently installed
air1eldS and of direct air COM
munication with his European bases.
But even without this air factor,
1t is still necessary to understand
how much careful and lengthy prep
aration goes into the mounting of a
modern attack by ground forces,
and how many maddening delays
may result when that attack is being
prepared In . foreign land, at the
end Of q long sea-borne line Of COM
munications.
First Of all, the troops and their
equipment must be brought ashore
at the ports Of Decentralization, q
process which Is subject to the ca
pacity Of piers and pier-side roads
and railways, the amount Of cargo
Evening star., 1943-01-09
Commissioners Accept
Councillors RESIGNATION

The Commissioners have ac-
cepted the resignation OF James A.
Councillor as member Of the Board
Of Public Welfare.
Mr.. Councillor in resigning told
the Commissioners he felt he could
not give the post the time and at
tention it merited, in view of the
large amount of time he is giving
to other civic work.
Evening star., 1943-01-09

ern States where
it's always open
season on the A
gasoline coupons.
From the looks
Of things now
our A books soon
will be about AZ
valu a b lie a s
counterfeit Con-
federate money.
The OPA Is con-
sidering reduc-
ing the value OF
A coupons to ex-
Evening star., 1943-01-09

tralian, British and Dutch units un-
der my command went out to meet
the Japanese invasion fleet steering
toward Java. The final Judgment
on this battle will have to be made
by history.
One erroneous report can cor
rect now. Some American news
papers said the Dutch cruisers De
Ruyter and Java were lost by strik-
ing Dutch mines. 1t was absolutely
impossible for this to have hap
pened. The battle was fought so
miles from the coast, while our
mines were laid only up to the
three-mile limit. These cruisers un-
doubtedly were torpedoed by a Jap
anese cruiser squadron, which had
been sighted shortly before only
8 kilometers away.
Road to Victory.
Since last March the Dutch naval
forces have returned to action. The
most important part of the Nether-
lands Navy is still in the Far East
some units operating under Ad-
miral Somerville of the British
Navy in the Indian Ocean and
others in the Southwest Pacific un-
der Gen. Macarthur. Our base in
Colombo is very strongly held and
manned by f1rst-class men. Dutch
submarines have been in action
against the Japanese in recent
months. And Dutch cruisers and de-
stroyers participated in the British
expedition against Madagascar.
The situation in the Far East to-
day Is vastly different from that
which existed a year ago. We have
a long way to 60 over hard
road, but we are on the road that
leads to victory. We are yet on the
offensive. regard such action as
the invasion of the Solomons as
being mainly defensive in nature,
aimed at protecting Allied COM
munications. But the big offensive
will come.
Once Germany is finished off, it
will be possible to concentrate
greater forces in the Pacific, and
then there will be no question of
the outcome-we will crush Japan
and shatter her power to start any
new aggression.
But let there be no illusion about
the magnitude of the task. We will
have to lick the japanese man by
man. We will have to reconquer
the territory we have lost island
by island. think the Japanese will
fight to the end.
But the atmosphere In the Far
East has changed in a year. On
January 10, 1912, Japan was in the
ascendant and we were on the de-
fensive; today Japan knows that
her hour of doom is approaching
and she is on the defensive.
Evening star., 1943-01-09
Alaska Program Planned
At ChiIdren's Museum

The Children's Museum of Wash
ington will show special colored pic
lures of Alaska at $3.50 pm. today
with an accompanying lecture by
DR.. Waldo Schmitt of the National
Museum.
The film is entitled Hunting the
King Crab in Alaska" and intro
duces a series of Saturday after
noon activities at the museum, To-
Gated at 42l5 Massachusetts, ave-
.nue NV.
Evening star., 1943-01-09
Heavy Rains in Tunisio Enable
Axis to Consolidate Positions
Allied Armies Forced to Develop Plans
For Reol Attack Along Orthodox Lines

handling machinery available and
the protection of the port from
enemy air attack. Next, the ofgant-
zatlon OF the forces must be COM
pleted SO that the commander will
be able to use the whole as A. CO.
ordlnated striking weapon RESPONSE
BILE to his will. The lines of COM
munlcation by road and rail from
the ports OF Decentralization to the
assembly areas of the troops in the
combat zone must be improved, or
ganlzed and guarded. Ration, for
age, ammunition, engineer and other
depots must be established. as well
as evacuation and base hospitals.
Preparatory Measures.
When all this has been accom-
pushed, or is on the way to accom-
pllshment, the plans for the attack
can begin to take form. These plans
must be based on an estimate of the
situation, prepared by the staff of
the commander on the basis of all
available information OF the enemy's
strength, position, intentions, arma-
ment, morale and many other fac
tors.
This information may come from
reconnaissance by our aircraft or by
ground patrols, from reports of spies,
questioning of the inhabitants and
OF prisoners, captured documents
and other sources. It must be care
fully evaluated and co-ordinated by
the intelligence section of the staff !;
on the basis Of the estimate of the
situation thus produced, the opera
tions section prepares it's plan for
the attack.
Preliminary orders are then issued
for the preparations, for the attack,
and for the security and deception
measures to be adopted. Many re-
strictions have to be imposed as to
movement and activities, in order
that the enemy may not be able to
tell just when and where the attack
is coming. Perhaps the most i'm
portant of all the preparatory meas
ures is the completion and testing
of the system Of signal communica-
tions (by wire, radio, messenger and
visual signals) between all parts of
the command. The troops must be
organized for combat, task forces
and combat teams assigned to the
various commanders, objectives de-
termined. apd full coordination be-
tween all clements assured.
Actual Attack Plan.
The actual attack plan includes q
plan Of maneuver and . plan Of fire !;
the former deals with the movement
Of the various units, each within its
assigned limits and In the direction
Evening star., 1943-01-09
BY SAMUEL GRAFTON.

States rights will win the war. !
don't believe it, either, but one hears
| it in Washington. Victory lies in the
State capitals; banner with a
strange device.
But, one also hears, a return OF
power to Congress will win the war.
One big Congressional Committee to
run the war, will win the war.
Put the two slogans together and
they read: More power everywhere
except in the White House will win
the war.
| Or, pass the Walter-Logan bill.
That would let any Federal Court
review any administrative act, while
the war waited. More lawsuits will
win the war. More judges will win
the war. If your Honor, please, I
move we win the war.
More tennis will win the war. More
badminton will win the war. More
backgammon will win the war. No,
sorry, those were the slogans OF a
year ago. Business has dropped
them. The ads now sell the war
straight: Winning the war will win
the war.
Little Games Go On.
But in high places the little games
go on. A full-scale investigation of
lease-lend will win the war. What
war? Why, the war against Harry
Hopkins. Keep calm. This is your
Congressman speaking.
Change the administration in
Puerto Rico and win the war. What
war? Why, the total war against
Tugwell. Haven't you heard?
Less muddling will win the war.
That's the trouble with the Presi-
dent. He muddles. He doesn't know
what he wants.
Does Congress know what it
wants? Certainly. More States
rights will win the war. More pow-
er for Congress will win the war.
More power for judges will win the
war. More power for automobilists
will win the war. And more bad
minton.
Will these decentralizing strategies
win the war, indeed? Or aren't thev
mere maudling hankerings, based on
the good old tbut today irrelevant)
American fear of government? =?
Evening star., 1943-01-09
Dutch Navy Back in Action,
Admiral HeIfrich Reports
Bottle of Juvu SEQ
Commander Soys Jops
Will Fight to Lost

Vice Admiral C. E. L. Heltrich.
'0ho commanded Allied naual
forces In the battle OF the Jaua
Sea, 1OaS ordered to Colombo last
March to reorganise the shat
tered Netherlands sea units after
the japanese conquest of the
East Indies. He noiU is in the
United Stotes, after consulta-
tions NTH his government in
London, and here, ,Driting for the
Associated Press and the Aneta
NeUs Agency, he reports the
Dutch Nary back in action and
summarizes todays situation in
the Far East.
Evening star., 1943-01-09
BY VICE ADMIRAL c. f. l..
HELFRICH.

HELFRICH,
Commander-in-C Chief Netherlands Forces
in the Far East.
A year ago tomorrow, the news
reached me at Batavia that the
Japanese had made landings on
Tarakan, off the east coast of Borneo
and on the northern peninsula of
the Island of Celebes. This was the
blow we had been awaiting, the be-
ginning of the invasion we had ex-
pected for months. In two short
months. the Japanese were to con-
quer the bulk of our beloved islands
We had not waited for the blow to
fall. AS early as June, 1941, we were
convinced that the japanese were
preparing to open hostilities with
some surprise move. Many days be-
fore Pearl Harbor we had received
reports Of Japanese movements that
satisfied us that the Japanese we're
up to something. A week before
December 7. ordered units of the
N. E. I. Navy to take battle stations.
AS soon as the japanese struck at
the United States and Britain, the
Netherlands government in London
declared war on Toxic. This dis
PEELED the doubt in some quarters
as to whether we would wait until we
were attacked. With our naval
units already at action stations, we
were able to start immediate offen-
sive operations against the Japanese.
Thus 1t was possible for the Dutch
to draw the first japanese blood Of
the war when our submarines on
December II sank four enemy trans
ports in the Gulf of Siam.
First Phase Of War.
The first phase of the war Gen.
tered on the defense of Singapore
and Malaga. and the Dutch gave all
their energies toward assisting in
this defense. A substantial part of
the NEI Air Force was sent to
Malaga and was lost in this cam
paign. But we have never regretted
sending these planes northward-we
felt that the battle for Singapore
was also a battle for the Indies, as
later turned out to be the case.
I have been asked several times,
incidentally, whether I agreed with
the strategy of Admiral Phillips in
taking out the British battleship
Prince of Wales and cruiser Repulse
without air protection. All I, can
say is that I would have done the
same thing. AS matter of fact,
our fleet was compelled to sail with
out air cover during the entire cam
paign.
Then, on January 10, the war
came to our shores. Our navy, in
company with the army acquitted it
self nobly. Outnumbered and out
classed, our forces nevertheless man
aged to inflict serious damage on the
japanese. Our guiding policy was
attack! We never waited for the
Japs to set the stage for an en-
gagement but, wherever possible,
went out and met them.
Some Of the naval battles fought
in East Indies waters will 60 down
into history-Macassar Straits, Isom-
box Straits and finally the great
Java Sea battle. Much has been
said and written about that last en-
gagement, In which American, Aus