davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-08-22
Red, lieve
LityiinoffA AS
Envoy: U.S..
Replaced By .Andrei A.
Gromyko, Present Coun-
selor Of The Embassy
NO EXPLANATION
Dismissal Follows Soviet
Press Calls For Sec
ond Front Opening

LONDON, Sunday, Aug. 22-R-
The Soviet government today re-
Heved Maxim Litvinoff, Russian
ambassador 70 the United States,
of his post and replaced him with
Andrei A. Gromyko, now embas-
sy counselor in Washington.
The surprise move came a month
after Ivan Maisky, ambassador to
London for II years, was trans
ferred to become assistant peoples S
commissar for foreign affairs.
A brief Soviet communique
broadcast by Moscow radio and
recorded by the Soviet Monitor
gave no explanation for the move.
Now In Russia
Litvinoff was already in Russia,
having returned for consultation
last May. He had been expected
to return, however, since his Brit
ish-born wife. the former Ivy Low,
remained in Washington.
Maisky had been replaced by
Fedor Guseff, 39-year-old Russian
minister to Canada.
Litvinoff's dismissal followed
Russian press calls for the Allies
to open "a second 'front.' in west
ern Europe and thus drain tff
the huge German forces battling
in Russia. 1t came, too. as Presi-
dent Roosevelt and Prime Minis
ter Churchill were holding their
vital war conference at Quebec
with British, American and Cana
dian war leaders.
Lack of Russian representation
at Quebec had caused widespread
comment in both Allied and Axis
capitals, the enemy, of course, TAX
(Continued on Page Is; Col. A.
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-08-22
JAP FLIGHT SEEN
AS TURNING POINT
Withdrawal From Kiska a
Isle May Be Tip Off To
Great Decision
BY GLENN BABB
Associated Press Foreign News
Editor

The fog -shrouded flight of the
Japanese from Kiska, an astound-
ing departure from their custom
ary last-ditch, cornered-rat tactics,
may be the tip off on one of the
great decisions, one of the china
tic turning points of the war.
In the Aleutians at least the ene-
my has abandoned the strategic
plan under which he fought to the
death on Guadalcanal and Attu,
in Papua and at Munda. Strategic
retreat is something new in the
Japanese manner of fighting. 1t is
not part of the Samurai code. 1t
must have been something terri
bly, compelling that led the high
command in Tokyo to order the
abandonment of the last foothold
on North American territory.
which the Japanese people had
been told was prize beyond price.
OF course it was obvious to all,
to the canny, calculat-
ing generals and admirals at i'm
perial headquarters that the Kiska
garrison was doomed if it stood
Continued on Page Five; Col. s.
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-08-22
United States Warships
Shelled Nipponese Craft
In The Fog
FINISH TOKYO ROAD
Admiral Kinkaid Says
Chain OF Bases Will Pro-
tect Our Vessels
By EUGENE BURNS

ADAK, Aleutlans, Aug. ~
-(Delayed)- P) A con-
siderable number of the 8,500
or so, Japanese on Kiska
were killed by relentless air
bombardment just before
their evacuation and others
likely drowned as United
States surface craft shelled
their fleeing ships in the fog,
Vice Admiral Thomas c. Kin
kaid said today.
The commander of the
North Pacific theater said
that "after the Japanese be-
gan the evacuation of Kiska,
we believe that we sank some
of their ships during a heavy
fog. and at night. but this
cannot be confirmed"
This was the first indication that
the Japanese had been attacked
in their exodus from the strategic
Aleutian island.
American warships made con-
tact with some "objects," Admiral
Kinkaid said. Salvos were fired,
and these "objects" disappeared.
Submarine Hit
He said that during another
night action, an American de-
stroyer scored a direct hit on a
submarine which might have been
evacuating Kiska japanese.
Admiral Kinkaid said the retak
ing of Kiska meant that I'VE have
completed our northern road to
Tokyo" adding:
The completed chain of air and
naval bases also will protect our
surface vessels and our shipping
units two-thirds of the way to
Tokyo.
The admiral credited the blood
less victory to our Jap-killing
bombing. tolls. ,... ...
'It was expensive to fire so
many rounds of ammunition and
to drop such a large number OF
bombs and to keep up our con-
slant patrols but we saved thou
Continued on Page Five; Col. u
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-08-22
III. S. Adopts Merchant Ship Program
For 1914 Above This Years Schedule

and the shortage of sea-going per-
sonnel:
To such questions, a Maritime
official replied:
1.-THE chiefs of staff have approx
ed the preparation of materials
and facilities for that many ships.
Whether the full program will be
carried out depends, naturally, on
how the war gees. But as far as
the Maritime c Cmmission is con-
cerned, we must now assume that
all these ships will be needed"
1--WE haven't done much yet in
the Pacific theater. It is well to
remember that when we get into
the finish fight with Japan, we'll
be fighting long way off, and
our cargo destinations will be two
fContinued on Page Five; Col. D
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-08-22
Foreign Minister Is Ex-
pected To Join Quebec
Conference Soon
sTIMSON TO ATTEND
Roosevelt And Churchill
Issue Statement On Seiz-
ure OF Kiska
nv JOHN M. HIGHTOWER

QUEBEC, Aug. 2l.-'H-I: "
coono Chinese foreign minister,
oY',S, ~ eSSnected TO join the Quebec
nor Conference within the next 40
SonrS Srl for discussions with Presi-
,,o sont Roosevelt and Prime Minis
ts,'' tsr Churchill on China's role IN
m fnr+hcoming offensive operations
against Japan.
! Word Of soong's expected arriv-
81 was the days second develop
,nort focusing attention on plans
far powerful new smasheS at the
fremv in the Pacific. The first
was the simultaneous disclosure
bsre and in Washington and Ot-
tawa that a combined American
Canadian force had occupied Kis-
ka Island, the enemy's last bas-
ton in the north central Pacific,
without resistance.
Mr.. Roosevelt and Prime Min
ister W. L. Mackenzie KING OF
Canada in Joint statement ac-
claimed this bloodless reconquest
of the Aleutian Islands as a vic
tory which frees the last vestige
of North American territory of
japanese forces"
Stimson Coming
Stephen Early, presidential sec
retary, said that Soong was ex-
pected, although he indicated ar
rangements for his joining the
conference had not been finally
completed. Early also said tha
Secretary of War Stlmson, whit
recently returned from tour 0
the North African theater. woul
get in tomorrow and that Majo
General William j. Donovan, chic
Continued OH Page Five; Col. 2
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-08-22
lEVICTI0N PERMIT
| RULING MODIFIED
certain Tenants May Be
.0usted Without Securing
OPA Certificate

Louie E. Woodbury.. manager Of
fhe War Housing center, announc-
fd Saturday that home owners
fentlng a furnished room or
Fooms, not constituting an apart
hent, to not more than one family
nay now evict tenants without Sc
fuflng an OPA eviction certifi-
fate.
This ruling, he said, has been
|aaoe IN cooperation with the Of
flce OF Price Administration in an
FNoft 10 stimulate the sharing of
PONIES with families.
woodbury. said this amend
neAl exempts from the eviction
ElovlSlons of the regulations a
alAlly which on or after August
nloyeS INTO a furnished room or
r,orl ooaS not constituting an apart
%oa.. ea, located within the residence
ro eupled by the landlord or his
or5 ,n5'ealale family, where the land
Fit5u i4 uoes IS not rent TO any persons
hoSa s4 :. NE ne residence other than
f'Fss ps;. IN the one family.
|p9rist ,iOt 70 this amendment the
sDauoAs > a,s0: exempted an occupant
lon 'n.nShed n.a room from the evic-
PROVISIONS only where the
''Na on Page Five; Col. n
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-08-22
First Tin Can Campaign
Opens Here Wednesday

7 The first city-wide tin can col
lection campaign will get under
way in Wilmington Wednesday
with Army trucks from Camp
Davis located at 10 strategic areas
to which housewives are asked to
carry their loads of tin cans,
Henry Sternberger, chairman OF
the metal campaign, announced
Saturday.
The trucks, he said, will be as
signed to their stations at a. m.
Wednesday through 2:30 p. m. At
that time, they will unload 55-gal-
lon metal drums, into which the
tin cans will be deposited there
after. At regular intervals the
trucks will pick up the metal left
in the repositories by Wilmington
housewives.
Capt. s. II. Tillery, officer in
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-08-22
Reds Aver Million NaZiS
Lost In Summer Fighting
Aleutians Campaign
Kinkaid's Third Blow

WASHINGTON, Aug. 21-(R
The Aleutians campaign
completed with the umopposed
landing Of American forces on
EIska Island was the third
heavy punch at the japanese
engineered by Vice-Admiral
Thomas Cassin Kinkaid.
The 55-year-old Admiral
holds decorations for his part
in both the battle of the Coral
Sea May 4-S, 1912, and the bat
tie Of the Solomon Islands
August "a, 1912. He now is
commander of naval forces in
the North Pacific, in command
Of joint military operations in
that area.
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-08-22

charge of salvage at Camp Davis,
will be in charge of the trucks and
their routings.
Sternberger disclosed that plans
are now being made to carry on
the tin can drive later at Maffitt
Village, Sunset Park, Trailer camp
Wrightsville and Carolina beaches.
He emphasized that tin cans
should be cleaned, their labels re-
moved, ends tucked in and flat
tened before being left at the de-
positories.
On Wednesday Army trucks will
be located at the following street
corners and, thereafter, metal
drums will be there:
Sixth and Harnett streets; Sixth
and Market streets; Sixth and
Continued on Page Two; Col. ~
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-08-22
DIR. PHELPS, 7S,
OF YALE, PASSES
Distinguished Author And
Lecturer Dies OF Ter
minal Pneumonia
NEW HAVEN. Conn, Aug. 21-R

NEW HAVEN, Conn, Aug. 21-tP
The worlds beloved Billy
Phelps died today.
DIR. William Lyon Phelps, 7S,
Yale's unofficial ambassador
large" distinguished man Of let
tiers. author, lecturer and intimate
of the great in all fields of en-
deavor, passed away at 4:50 A. M
in his home. two months to the
day he suffered a stroke.
Yales perennial most popular
member of the faculty, from which
he retired 10 years ago, rallied
sufficiently early last month to be
removed from the hospital to his
home. He never regained his pow
er of speech, however, and had
been critically i'll since Thursday
morning, when he took distinct
turn for the worse. The official
cause of death was by terminal
pneumonia.
News of his death spread rapid
! ly during the day, and tributes
poured into his home from all sec
tons OF the nation.
Phelps interests were universal
and men and women in all walks
and stations of life knew BILLY"
as a friend.
Funeral services will be held
Monday afternoon in Battell Chapel
here. with the Rev. Sidney Lovett,
chaplain of Yale, officiating. Bur-
ial will be in historic Grove Street
cemetery, where lie the remains
of some of the founders of New
Haven.
Typical of the eulogies was one
from President Charles Seymour
of Yale, whose faculty Phelps
joined in 1892, after having taught
one year at Harvard. Said Sey-
mour:
For half a century from the
year he first entered the faculty
he has been a Yale institution,
universally beloved. He ranked
among the greatest teachers in
our history. The magic of his in
fectious enthusiasm and the en-
phatic quality of his exposition
awakened the slowest-witted stu
dents to a love and understanding
of the worlds greatest poetry. His
bubbling humor enlivened the dull
est faculty meeting"
Although he retired in 1888 as
professor emeritus of English at
the university, he looked at it
''the way a senior ought to look
at commencement, with regret at
leaving a pleasant past, but eager
and in high spirits for the future. +"
He married the former Annabel
Hubbard of Huron City, Mich, in
1892. She died March %, 1889.
Surviving him. are one brother,
Prof. Arthur F. Phelps of Berke-
ley, Calf, retired clergyman;
a niece, Mrs. William Fogg Os-
good of, Belmont, Mass; a nephew,
the Rev. Dryden Phelps, mis-
sionary stationed in China and one
grand nephew, William Lyon
Phelps, second, of Belmont, stu
dent at Swarthmore.
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-08-22
SHlPYARD GIVEN
EAGLE PENNANT
Captain Macauley Praises
Company For Outstand-
ing Production

The North Carolina Shipbui1ding
company bid farewell to it's Liber-
ty ship construction program yes
terday afternoon as it launched the
S. S. John Branch, 126th and last
Of the sturdy craft built here,
amid words of high praise for its
work from Captain Edward Ma
cauley, USN. retired, a member
of the Maritime commission and
Deputy War Shipping Administra-
tor.
He S, oke in presenting the Msai-
time Merit Eagle pennant, the
commission's highest honor, to the
company for continued achieve
ment in production. It was accept
ed by Captain Roger Williams,
president.
In reviewing the past of the
war-born yard, Captain Macauley
mentioned the future, explaining
that because "you have proved
yourself as we'll as this award
testifies, you are now going into
the job of building C-2s-faster
ships which we need"
Building C-2's
He said he expect the yard to do
as we'll on the new program,
which calls for 81 CO type ves-
sells, as it did in sending Liberty
ships into the Merchant Marine
fleet if the same spirit of cooper
alton continues. Construction of
CPS is now well under way with
several keels laid and the first
launching scheduled in the near
future.
A warning against over-confi-
dence was sounded by Brigadier
General Bryan L. Milburn, COM
mandant of the AAA school at
Camp Davis, who also spoke on
the program, as he said "our en-
emies are far from defeated, in
spite of encoura ging victories on
many fronts in recent weeks"
He urged that the war be wag-
ed on "to complete victory" and
added that it will require the "ut-
most effort we can put forth-all
of us, soldiers and civilians-to-
day, tomorrow and every day un-
til the fight is won."
Capt. Derek R. Scorer, OF the
British Composite Anti-aircraft bat
terry, speaking instead of Lieut.. Col.
Thomas c. Metcalf, commander
of the battery, praised the work
of the shipyard and expressed ap-
probation for the kindness and
generosity showered upon the Bri-
tish boys in America"
Sponsored BY Miss Milburn
The S. S. John Branch, named
in honor of a former North Caro-
lima governor and one-time secre-
tsry of the navy, was christened
Continued on Page Two; Col. -
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-08-22
BATTERED MESSINA
REVIVED BY AMC0T
Carloads OF Grain Moved
Into City As Recon-
struction Pushed

MESsINA, Sicily, Aug. 18.-
Delayed -lRNLightless, water
less and so battered by aerial
bombing that it's civil functions
were paralyzed, Messina today is
on the way to municipal recovery
in less than the "a hours set by
officers of the Allied military
government.
Disregarding the danger Of enc
my shells fired into the Messina
area from the italian mainland
every few hours after American
troops entered the Sicilian port
yesterday morning, AMGOT Off
cials Immediately undertook steps
to- revive the commercial city.
which had a population of 225, OO0
before Allied air attacks drove
out most of the residents
ALREADY there are $4,000 peo-
pie back in here and they ara
some problem" said Lieut.. Col.
Karl Clos, 1928 Northeast 51st
street, Portland, Ore, who as in
spector general of the Third di-
vision which captured Messina
had been overseeing the insta1la-
tion of the AMGOT setup.
Two carloads of grain moved
into town Immediately, and ar
rangements were made to keep a
steady flow on the way to relieve
the bread famine. Some residents
said they were without food for
four days. The Allied govern
Continual on Page Two; Coz. u
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-08-22
APS FLEE FORTIFIED BASE
BEFORE TROOPS LAND AFTER
TERRIFIC AIR COMMANDMENT
Japs' Plane Losses Over
WeWak Increased To 800

day, and nine others were
probably destroyed or dam
aged.
In round trip raid of more
than 1900 mile, big I Iiberators
bombed the Japanese nickel
center of Pomelaa, Dutch Cele-
bes, dropping ~ tons of bombs.
1t marked a new target for
the Australian-based bembers.
In recent months, other at
tacks on Celebes have been di-
rected at Kendari and Mac
CAESAR.
Today's communique also
reported that Japanese planes
raided Darwin, Australia, and
American-seized Munda air.
on Page Five. Col. 1
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-08-22
ALLIED HEADQUARTERS

ALLIED HEADQUARTERS
IN THE SOUTHWEST PACI-
FIC, Sunday, Aug. 22-(R-.
Thirty-three Japanese planes
have been shot down over We
wax, New Guinea, tosincrease
enemy losses there within a
week to more than 300, the
high command said today.
In addition, "a other planes
were believed destroyed on the
ground in the latest raid Satur-
day. ~-
At Wewak, which is $50
miles above the tottering
enemy air base garrison of
Salamaua, 239 planes were
definitely destroyed in three
previous raids, starting Tues
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-08-22

sunday, NNoLNA: Moderately warm
Rv Eastern Standard Time)
Meteoro,oo1;; =; ). Weather Bureau)
ading gVt79i0glcal y 9a data for the "a hours
p; M, yesterday.
LEO temperature
! H., "a --t 7,oo o. 7:o0 a. M, SO. 1:30
ainnurynY w. q 80 p. m. 78. Maximum IS.
w. mean Is. normal II.
m,, =; So M, 81, 7:3O i. M. 81. l 30
81 p. m, 81.
Total sou Precipitation
N, oS6 .S5 the. the "a hours ending 7:so
.s8 iac5asc hence the first of the month,
From Tides For Today
J. S. Coz Ilde Tables published by
Wilmington High Low
i, -------------- 2:42A 9:55A
4asonboro ~. 3:17P 1O:34r
0 inlet ------ 12 2:44A 6:52A
Sunrise 100 1:18P 7:31P
cans h;42 p; moonset i2:47 p.
NJ APE 4egpp,esa Pear :, River stage at Fayetteyill.
r... H. at a. m. $50 feet.
Dued on Page Two, Col. .
The Wilmington morning star., 1943-08-22
WEATHER

1day, 'oANA' Moderately warm
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1943-07-10
Hattie Mcdaniel
Signed For New
Selzniick Film
All-Star Cast
To Make "Since
You Went Away

Shaping his forthcoming United
Artists production "since You
Went Away into one OF the most
impressive a.l-slar pictures q his
career. David o Selznick annocnc-
cd this week the signing OF Hauie
Mcdaniel FOR the role Of Fideila
in The niciuriza'ion OF Marearet
Buell. Wndefs hook
Miss Mcdaniel, an Academy
Award winner has just completed
en- important role in another Units
ed Artists picture Johnny Come
Lately starring James Cagney
Since You Weri AWAY hesins
% assume Sias proportions even
more brilliant than Selznlcks
Simmer a. Eigh The distinguish
ed east includes C.andeiie Co,hcH,
Jennler Jones Joseph Gotten
Monty Noolls and shirley Temple
NIr selznick exptcls 70 have the
picture before cameras his SUM
mcr
Register 10 loie-
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1943-07-10

CAMP MAXEY. Texas Camp
MaAey has some soldiers with in
tercsiine civilian records among ~
complement Of troops Among thtm
from the world OF sports. IS staff
Sergeant Lawrence y. swisher ~
West 18th street Junction City.
Kansas. a one time Kansas state
Teachers college track star and
now serving with the 354th En-
rineers
Sergeant Swisher has run the
century in s.6 seconds He has
also run the quarter-mile in $40
and was member OF the Kansas
state Teachers college relay teams
OF 30. 81 and 80. which we're con-
sistent record breakers IN the an
nual Kansas University Invitation
al relays. Besides making a name
for himself on the cinder track.
Sergeant Swlsher took time to OBJ
tain his A y. degree. lie was leaCh-
ING at Moberly, Mo. when inducted
into the army, eight months ago
Football has contributed Scarf
Henderson OF Knoxville. Tenn.
captain of the Knoxville college
team in 1912. He is now First Ser
geant Henderson OF the 795th san
itary Company at Camp.
In music. Camp Maxeys celchri-
ties include Sergeant Floyd Smith
OF Catron, Mo-, now with the 369th
Quarfcrmaster regiment. He was a
former guitarist with Andy Kinks
internationally-known Clouds Of
JOY" While with kirk. ne was a
featured attraction and is consid-
cred one OF the nations best per-
formers on the radio-electric gut
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1943-07-10
MOVIE STARS
JOIN WITH
UNITY PLEDGE

NEW YORK. Ny Citizens Of
New york's five borouchs arc be-
Ing asked to sign tho following
pledge 81 unity: We the citizens
of New York say Il can't happen
here hut We want to make sure
moved by deep sense OF an
cuish and horror that in the
midst ~ war being fought for
democracy there could he mani
festaiions Of racial hatred and
violence against Americans Of any
race. color or creed we pledge.
I That We shall not be moved
20 mob action against any fellow
citizen or group OF follow citizens.
2 That we shall net listen 10,
nor reneai any rumors designed
70 divide us among ourselves
3 That we shall at all times
live up 10 the spirit OF our Amer
lean citizenship and do what Is
rn-our power to forward mutual
understanding and friendllness
among All the various groups
which make UP our city and our
America
The pledge was conceived by
lean Muir popular movie star.
Who this week called a meeting
of some forty national organiza-
tions a her home 70 make plans
for a program OF racial unity
The pledge has ALREADY heen
siencd by Mayor Ia Guardia who
along with Miss Muir and Walter
White Of the NAAcP addressed
ihc group AZ Miss Nuirs home
Ac,ivc IN circularizing tho pledge
arc labor unions. church and
civic groups and members OF tho
theatre profession
other members ~ the theatre.
radio and screen shocked by the
brutality Of the recent riots have
also Aade known their plan 70
work toward greater racial har-
mony. Some OF tho hest known
stars IL the entertainment world
including Laurence Tibbett George
Heller. Jane Sewell Ralrh Bel
lamv. Tallulah Rankhead. Max
Gordon. Paul Roheson. Maxwell
Anderson Serge Koussevitsky and
James Carney have agreed to
sponsor coast 70 coast CHS
hroa cast with Wendell willhe
dramatizine the Detroit riot, on
July 10 from 1880 TO s o'clock
William Robeeon viii produce the
skit with Paul NUM- as one OF
the stars.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1943-07-10
PERSONALITIES IN SPORTS AND
MUSIC WORLD AT CAMP MAXEY

tar. One OF the "Cloud~ best
known records was "Flosds Guitar
Blues" composition Of the ar
It's Al prcsen, he is serving o.
Up hol on Fr lay nights at one OF
The camps service clubs.
Another artist just beginning his
jazz career. who has joined he
army. is Master Sergeant Lester
Patterson OF Houston, Texas. A for
MGR member o. Jimmie Luncefords
hand his present job is that OF or
eanizne the hand Of thes54tn En-
gineers.
Aao,hcr member Of the 5q5lh
Sanitary company determined 70
make an army career FOR himself
is Sergeant Harry A. Bartlett Of
Columbus. New Mexico He s
scheduled to attend officers Can.
didaie school at Fort Belvoir va
This part OF The story OF Camp
Maxcy's soldiers Is not success
story, but indicates how men VIII
take time out 70 care for stricken
comrade. VA OF no var Some
time ago. Private Woody Thomp-
son Of Houston. Texas. was driv-
ing a truck IN a convoy. when he
suddenly felt severe burning sem
saiion in both eyes and just as sud
denly all Went black As he was
driving me last vehicle. he was
able to pull 20 stop without dam
age to the convoy He waited SOW
eral minutes. thinking his loss OF
sigh, VAS a temporary condition
However this was no so. and from
then to the day OF his honorable
discharge. his comrades IN Head
quarters Company took turns. look
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1943-07-10
WrNBERSHIP INCREASE

NEW YORK (ANPl In a sur
vey OF religious bodies In the MT
ed states for tho year 1871 and
1912 ~ was revealed that the total
church membership for the period
was the largest ever recorded Tor
this country with the increase
constantly on the mount. Although
church memberships we're not
broken down on racial lines indi-
cations we're that Negror churches
have made substantial gains