davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1943-06-16
Rural Events

THURSDAY, JUNE II
The Ladies' Aid Of the Salem Fed
Grated Church will meet at the
home OF MIR. and Mrs. Peter Fal-
lett for dinner.
The echo., 1943-09-03
NOTICE TO H. B. \. PRESIDENTS
ECHO & PUBLICATION FEE TO
BE COLLECTED

Each president # HE Association is
asked to collect S20a Echo and publi-
cation fee and re ort same in the
September Boards Please do not for
get to collect from your lodge the
above amount It viii save time and
expense.
Presidents who can possibly do so
are asked to bring few subscrip-
tions to the Echo. This act on your
part will be highly appreciated.
The echo., 1943-09-03
PRESIDENTS ASKED TO SEND
POSTAGE TO OFFICE

Because of the heavy amount of cor
respondenoe Rrom presidents, each To-
ca lodge is requested to send postage
for all letters you write the office re-
questing a reply to your letter. Ii
you write for this information and do
not get reply, remember you have
not sent postage.
The echo., 1943-09-03

we should be willing to lend our dimes
and dollars"
Quite few of our presidents have
already purchased bonds through the.
office and we are looking for othen
to do the same thing.
The echo., 1943-09-03

buy our small amounts, together, it
will count up.
Some of our sons, husbands and
.weet hearts are giving their lives for
this, our country, and as h as been
said, "lf th"v are giving their lives
The echo., 1943-09-03
For Sure Prtection Put 7 ur Investment In
UNITEDSTATES DEFENSE BONDS

and we as a group, want to shoulder
our part in this all out effort to buy
bonds s4'9sa
Some of our lodges may not be in
position to buy large amount, but let
1t be remembered that when all Of US
The echo., 1943-09-03

To the officers and members of the
Holbrook Benevolent Association in
general. We are urging each presi-
dent to see to 1t that your lodge does
its share in buying war bonds. Each
little bit in this great crisis counts,
The echo., 1943-09-03
H.B. AS URGED TO BUI BONDS

General Officers Urge All H. B. AS
to Buy Second L. S. War Bonds
Evening star., 1943-01-11
La Toilette Urges u: S. to Keep
Butter, Ship Margarine Abroad

straining their resources to the ut
most to supply their share to the
Nations food requirements"
Senator La Toilette said the use
Of butter substitutes has been con-
sistently discouraged as q matter of
public policy" and that "the fruits
OF all these past efforts will be
threatened with complete destruc-
ton II now. in a period OF shortage,
We send our butter abroad and
force our own people to use butter
substitutes.
Il ask this" the Senator conclud-
ed, "on behalf Of the farmers of
the country who need your help II
their domestic market for dairy
products is to be preserved and pro-
tected from the competitive raids OF
cheap substitutes while their backs
are turned and their efforts devoted
to producing for foreign nations
that can use the substitutes Just as
well IS Americans can
Senator La toilette estimated
that butter In storage as Of last
December l totaled l4,6OO, 600
pounds compared to 2,o00,O 600
pounds year before, and that the
production Of colored oleomargarine
had jumped from an average Of
400, 500, 900 pounds : month to
l2,o0o, 900 pounds In October. 1912.
Evening star., 1943-01-11

the blitz possible. On the other
hand, the airplane has immensely
Increased the power of defense
against invasion by sea, making 1t
practically impregnable If the sea
Is wide enough or there are land
based planes enough. And the ra-
dio has increased the power Of
propaganda.
The United Nations have now
closed iron rings around the Euro
pean and the Asiatic Axis. But
both of them still have tremendous
powers Of defense through their
powerful armies with interior lines
OF communication and their air and
submarine protection from overseas
invasion. Japan has, in addition,
great naval strength.
Ring Gets Closer.
With the occupation by United
Nations Of bases in North Africa and
the Pacific. with the growth of our
naval, air and ground strength, the
ring around them grows closer and
closer. But for some time to come
the war is obviously a war of ag-
gressive attrition and the creation
of conditions favorable for major
combat blows. ...
That attrition is just as vital on
the home front as on the military
front. And our powers of attrition
and combat are increasing more
rapidly than the Axis.
This process of wearing down the
Evening star., 1943-01-11
By the Associated Press.

Butter for the home folks and
oleomargarine for those abroad
is the aim Of Senator La Fol-
lette, Progressive, of Wisconsin.
In q letter to Secretary of Agri-
culture Wickard, made public today,
the Senator said that while an inn
portant part Of the war effort was
in the feeding Of the Allies, IT
strongly urge you to take the neces-
sary action to preserve our butter
supplies for our own armed forces
and domestic consumption"
Secretary Wickard recently d.
rected creameries to reserve 30 per
cent Of their butter production for
war purposes.
The order made 1t clear, /"
Senator La Toilette said, that 1t Is
expected the Government viii ex-
port to foreign nations this year
about 10000. 900 pounds Of butter
under the lease-lend program.
This anticipated expectation Of
butter In the face Of the present
acute shortage, and the growing use
ut home Of various substitutes for
butter. raise some important ques-
tions which I feel require your most
earnest consideration Is food ad-
mtnistrator In the interests Of the
American dairy farmers who are
Evening star., 1943-01-11

strength of their home fronts Is not
solely q matter of military attrition,
through blockade, sinking OF ships,
or air attacks or even through propa-
ganda. There are implacable in
ternal forces which contribute.
Experience both In the last war
and In this war shows that after
a certain period steady economic
degeneration sets in on the home
fronts Of all nations engaged In total
war.
In the earlier years the military
strength Of each nation grows stead
lily. Production OF arms increases.
But at some stage, probably about
two years, the military strength
reaches its maximum size and from
there on 1t diminishes.
Regimentation Grows.
Likewise, at some point, industrial
production reaches its zenith. Even
more rapidly than armies waste
away after their zenith, the indus
trial machinery, the resources and
the productive capacity Of the civil
ian population wear down
On the home front of all nations
shortages In food and other con-
sumption goods grow progressively
due to diversion of manpower.
Armed men consume more than
when they were civilians.
The people must work longer and
longer hours at harder and heavier
labor. Movement is restricted. Ra-
tioning, price and wage rstrictions
are inevitable. Regimentation be-
comes steadily more onerous and
economic dictatorship grows in
creasingly as war goes on.
On the spiritual side grief stretches
into every family, emotions become
more fragile and intolerant; crit
icism, freedom of speech become
more and more frozen.
All these forces are multiplied in
civilians by terror of attack from
the air and destruction OF their In
dustries.
In the end the multiplication OF
civilian hardships-in some degree
universal to all nations-becomes q
race between them toward exhaus-
ton. The Germans are in the fourth
year OF war. We have had one year.
And in this race Of exhaustion the
home front of the greatest staying
power, of the greatest resources, of
the greatest will to endure and
fight is vast support to the mill
tary arm. The weak home front be-
comes disintegrating liability to
its military arm. That was the case
of the Allies versus the Central
Powers In 1918.
Evening star., 1943-01-11
1000 British Women
Keep Defense Secret
ey the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
LONDON. Jan. 11.-Who said
women can't keep q secret?
Well, more than 1000 Of them
kept quiet for years about one Of
Britain's most vital secrets-radio-
location.
Sir Robert Watson-W Watt, inventor,
disclosed today there were three
stenographers on his staff a decade
ago when he started his experiments
and gradually he let more and more
in on the work until, shortly before
the war, more than 1000 knew the
details.
II have never known any to reveal
the secret" he said, "or even to
give the slightest indication there
is q secret to reveal"
Evening star., 1943-01-11
BY HERBERT HOOVER.


So important is the home frons
of the enemy in its bearing on our
military strategy that by its cor
rect or incorrect appraisal the lives
Of hundreds Of thousands Of Amer
ican boys might be saved or lost.
And healthy home fronts in the
United Nations are essential to win
the war.
The strategy in global war Is
not solely q military question. In
total war between great nations,
the home front is. in many ways,
as important as the military front.
Wars can be lost or won on the
home front.
Germany lost the last war by
exhaustion and collapse OF the home
front which weakened her army.
France would have collapsed on the
home front in the third year of
that war had 1t not been for Amer
lean support to the civilian pop
ulation.
There have been explosions Of
Western civilization into world wars
before, but total war was new in
1914. Great nations in total war,
in addition to military forces, now
pit against each other their total
resources, the total emotions, the
skill, the sacrifice. the work of every
adult civilian. It becomes a con-
test Of strength, spirit and endur-
ance Of civilians against civilians,
as well as between armies and
navies.
War Today Unlimited.
Today the only limitation on the
size Of the military forces is the
number Of men who can be spared
from the two Jobs of producing
arms and supplies for the military
front and keeping the civilian pop-
ulation alive. =
And total war is not alone COM
bat between armed men. It is also
war between armed men and civil
ians. Since the last total war the
improved airplane and submarine
have immensely increased the power
OF attack upon civil populations
and their war efforts. The i'm
proved submarine through its inten-
sined sinking Of ships increases the
power Of blockade; the plane works
to relieve and intensity it.
The improved plane and the i'm
proved tank have increased the
power OF land offensive and made
Evening star., 1943-01-11
Manpower Rationing
In War Industries
Near, McNuH Says
ReeionoI VINO Directors
Ordered to Breuk Up
Hoording Of Labor
By JESSE o. IRWIN.

Chairman Paul v. McNutt said
today the Manpower Commission
will consider the rationing of man
power whereby war industries would
not get the total men and women
workers they believe necessary to
carry out their schedules.
I'VE are going to get to that very
soon," Mr.. McNutt said. Its got
to be DONE
There has been more boarding In
war plants than I like" he added.
IT think employers are beginning
to realize that boarding of labor Is
going to hurt them in the long run.
II have ordered regional directors
to go into war plants and make an
effort to break up this practice"
He admitted he was handicapped
by the lack of labor utilization in
spectors, but he said he had re-
quested his regional directors to get
this type Of employees. These jobs
pay as high as $500 year, but all
are subject to Senate confirmation.
Mr.. McNutt admitted he had only a
few inspectors and that he was hav-
ing some dif1lculty in getting good
industrial engineers to accept en-
ployment subject to congressional
approval.
Rationing Of manpower would
work this way: A plant would ask
for 1,500 men and women, for ex-
ample, to meet its schedule. Man.
power utilization inspectors would
check this order and possibly would
cut it to 1000. The plant manage
ment would then be shown how he
could spread his labor to the best
advantage.
Reports coming into the commits
sion show that boarding of labor in
anticipation Of plant expansion has
been widespread in war industries.
Mr.. McNutt reported some em-
ployers were making considerable
progress in combating absentreism.
Evening star., 1943-01-11
Eisenhower Sends Greeting
To YuqosIav GueriIIas
By the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
LONDON, Jan. 1.-THE Yugoslav
Information Bureau today said 1t.
Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower had
sent Gen. Draja Mihailovich q mes
sage expressing the hope that his
guerrilla fighters would enjoy con-
tinued success against Axis forces
In Yugoslavia.
The message from the American
commander of the Allied forces in
North Africa was quoted by the
bureau as follows:
American forces in Europe and
the United States congratulate their
comrades in arms, the immortal and
courageous Yukoslav units under
your brilliant command
Your immortal warriors, united
on their mother soil and determined
to drive out the invader with q
noble spirit of sacrifice, serve the
common cause of the United Ma
tions. May the new year bring
them every success"
Evening star., 1943-01-11

late that Hamilton resigned as aide
de-camp. The great man who was
so shocked by hardness was nearly
two months late at his Inauguration
as President.
The first Wednesday in March
Git was. March 4 Of that year, 1888,
which was why 1t was March 4 for
presidential inaugurations until re-
cently) was the appointed day, but
with stopovers and delays on his
voyage from Mount Vernon-the
roads were pretty muddy In those
days and travelling was even more
difncult than 1t is now-Gen Wash
ington didn't reach New York, then
the seat Of Government, until late
April and was solemnly ushered
into once on April 30, 1889.
Alexander Hamilton, who was
there. might have said: Eight
weeks late! Why, I remember
when" but he said nothing and
quietly accepted ofdce as the first
Secretary of the Treasury.
Honest Man, Honest Party.
Mention Of Alexander Hamilton,
who was killed in a duel with Aaron
Burr, brings to mind the 18th
amendment to the Constitution.
1t might be called the Aaron Burr
amendment, though he didn't urge
1t himself. He preferred to forget
the whole thing after he had killed
OF Alexander Hamilton.
Under the original system Of vot-
ing for President by members Of the
electoral college, each member
voted for two men. The man who
received the highest number of votes
was to be President. The next man
in line in total votes was to be Vice
President.
It's dreadful to look back and
think Of it even now, but Thomas
Jefferson and Aaron Burr topped
the field-with the same number
of votes! They were the Republican
nominees-the Republican party"
of that day developed into the
Democratic party Of modern times
and received two votes each from all
Republican electors, leading to an
immense quAndary.
1t was the clear intention Of the
voters that Jefferson was to be Pres
ident and Burr and Vice President,
but that didn't solve the problem
under the law. 1t was thrown into
. contest Of voting by States (of
which there were 16 IN 1900 to de-
eide the issue and, after 30-odd In
conclusive ballotings, Alexander
Hamilton's influence brought Jeffer-
sons election.
Hamilton disNked Jefferson and
his political policies, but between
Jefferson and Burr he said that only
one choice was possible for m
honest man or m honest party.
That statement and that action led
to Hamilton'S death at Burr,s hands
some years later. And the contested
election led to the adoption Of the
12th amendment whereby electoral
votes are cast for President and Vice
President separately.
{Released b. the 1el Syndicate. Ine.)
Evening star., 1943-01-11

the blast occurred shortly before
midnight escaped. The exact To-
cation where the others are trapped
is unknown" patrolmen added, but
it was thought they wefe about
5000 feet from the mines mouth.
A rescue squad from here began
efforts to extricate the trio, identi-
fed by the patrol as James Mackey,
Mike Zeleznik and Lester Berry,
all of nearby Belle Valley.
The explosion occurred about 5000
feet inside the workings, the patrol
reported. The cause was not de-
termined Immediately.
Patrolmen said only six men were
working in the diggings at the time
Identity Of the three who escaped
was not available.
Evening star., 1943-01-11
Dc Pushes Plans
To Mark Birthday
OF President
Usual Events Scheduled !:
Vireinions Abandon
Customary Balls

Washington is going ahead with
plans for the Presidents birthday
celebration this year, although the
ban on automobile pleasure driving
threatens curtailment elsewhere in
the East of the fetes which help
finance the National Foundatio for
1nfantile Paralysis.
Charles Stofberg, aide to Commis-
sioner Young. who heads the local
committee for the event, said this
morning the transportation situa-
tion will not interfere with the series
OF balls January 80, but celebrants
will purchase tickets for only one of
the dancing spots, as was done last
year, instead Of going from place to
place as in other years.
Virginia Drops Dances.
A command performance of the
Eve Of st. Mark" at the National
theater, January "a, and the ban
quet and midnight shows at motion
picture houses January 20, will lead
up to the final celebration.
1t was reported from Richmond
today that sponsors Of the balls in
Virginia said the dances would be
called of because of the pleasure
driving ban. Leaders of the infantile
paralysis fund drive will concentrate
on Mile O. Dimes" and personal
solicitation of funds.
Gov. Darden, named honorary
chairman Of, the drive, which will
continue from January IS to jan
uary 80, will broadcast over a sta
tion at Richmond at tbs pm.
Thursday.
Labor Chiefs Back Drive.
Both Ernest B. Pugh, Virginia re-
gional director of the CIO, and r.
H. Wilton, president Of the Virginia
Federation Of Labor, have pledged
support of the drive.
Dabney Lancaster, State superin-
tendent Of public instruction, wrote
to division school superintendent
urging that the schools participate
in the campaign. Floyd williams Of
Galax. State. commander of the
American Legion, sent similar let
ter to post commanders,
Evening star., 1943-01-11
GIossford Inspection
At Dokor Reported
BY the Associated press.

oS thG ASSoclAted PreS6.
NEW YORK, Jan. 1.-THE British
radio reported today that Vice
Admiral William A. Glassford, jr.
has inspected the damaged French
battleship Richelieu at Dakar and
has declared she Is being fitted out
now to make her serviceable.
The British broadcast, heard by
CHS, added that Admiral Glassford
said the battleship would not require
much repair work.
He was quoted as saying that the
other French warships at Dakar, in
cluding three 6-inch gun cruisers,
were suffering from lack Of upkeep
but prooably would be serviceable
eventually.
Evening star., 1943-01-11

are reluctant to accept the central
lied direction without which the
overall job cannot be done"
Along with that contention, the
committee struck out at the failure
to bring small industries into the
war program, saying that "it is
laziness and bureaucracy rather
than ineficiency which have pre-
vented us to date from making the
best use of these facilities"
Evening star., 1943-01-11
Vast Fires Started
InDevastating Raid
On Essen by Raj
Two Ton BIoekbusters
UnIooded on Target;
Seven Planes Lost
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
LONDON, Jan. 11.-Essen, site
of the great Krupp Armament
Works, lay smoking today under
the effects of devastating bonn
bardment by the RAF, which un-
loaded a great weight Of bombs
including two-ton "blockbust-
ers"-on the city Saturday night
in the fifth raid on the Ruhr in
seven nights.
Pilots returning from the assault,
which was carried out under excel
lent weather conditions, said they
had left vast fires raging in the
Essen industrial area, some of them
visible for 100 miles.
The number of planes which took
part in the raid was not oflcially
disclosed, but the acknowledgment
that seven were lost might be taken
as an indication that upward of
140 or $50 participated. Experience
in the past has shown that q loss
of 5 per cent Of the planes par
ticipating in such raids can be
reckoned with.
Heavy Opposition.
The airmen reported they were
met by heavy anti-aircraft fire and
swarms of German night fighters
over the target.
The raid was the fiftieth on Essen
since the start of the war. The
city, which has a peacetime popu-
lation of about soc, 900, lies in the
heart of the great German coal
mining district and produces large
quantities of guns, tanks, locomo-
tives, railway equipment and other
material vital to the German war
effort.
In addition to striking at Essen,
British planes also laid mines in
German waters Saturday night.
There was sporadic German ac-
tivity over Britain during the week
end. One town on the southwest
coast was the target of sharp
attack yesterday, which killed at
least IL persons and injured a num-
ber Of others. The planes returned
to machine gun the streets after
unloading their bombs.
One of the daylight raiders was
reported shot down OF the south
west coast yesterday afternoon.
A single German raider bombed
and machine -gunned an East Anglia
town today, killing five persons and
causing considerable damage. A
dozen persons were injured.
Earlier In the day two raiders
had strafed and bombed a town on
the east coast. Two persons were
injured, but no property damage
was reported.
One of the bombers. believed to
be Dornier 217s, was hit by ground
fire and seen to plunge into the sea.
Evening star., 1943-01-11
Inspector Smith to Speak

Inspector Milton D. Smith Of the
Police Department will speak at the
monthly meeting of the Brother
hood of Albright Memorial Church
tomorrow night. His topic will be
The Relationship of the Division
of Clothing. Equipment and Prop
erty Department as 1t Affects the
Efficiency Of the Police and Tax
payer"
Evening star., 1943-01-11

seats until this was done.
The citizens of some Colonies
Massachusetts, in particular-were
fearful of Federal domination. Hav-
ing just thrown of, after q bitter
struggle, one form of nonresident
government, they were not for rush.
ing headlong into another that
might be an unreasonable fac-simile
thereof. When the Constitution was
being passed around for approval
by the separate Colonies, Massa-
chusetts hung back. John Adams
and John Hancock, much respected
patriots, didn't like the document
Up galloped Paul Revere-in day
light this time-to beg them to vote
for the Constitution. He had been
appointed spokesman for many
neighbors who were for accepting
the suggested form of government
lest a worse fate befall them. The
Colonies that had clung together in
war were drifting apart nj peace
and the pickering was sometimes
boisterous.
Adams and Hancock finally
yielded to persuasion and came out
in favor Of the Constitution. With
out their voices the whole plan OF
government might have been
scrapped because Massachusetts
was q powerful Colony-or inde-
pendent State at the time-the
Others were waiting to see which
way Massachusetts, would 60. Even
with Adams and Hancock swinging
to the Constitution, the vote was
close In the Massachusetts conven-
ton, 1877 to 1853.
Washington Was Tardy.
When Massachusetts joined the
Federal fold on the strict under.
standing that local liberties would
be safeguarded by swift adoption
of the 10 amendments that became
the Bill Of Rights, the laggard In
dependent States came In, the Con-
stitution was approved - the law o.
the land, IN election was held and
George Warrington became the first
President Of the United States.
During the Revolution Gen
Warrington once reproved his aide
de-camp, Col. Alexander Hamilton
% severly for being . few minutes
Evening star., 1943-01-11
Three Workmen Trapped
In Ohio Mine by Blast

BY the Associated Press
CAMBRIDGE, Ohio, Jan. Ii
The State highway patrol reported
today that three miners were
trapped by an explosion in the Belle
Valley Mining Co.'S working Is
miles south of here.
The patrol said 1t was not known
whether the three were dead or
alive"
The patrol said three other min
ers who were in the shaft when
Evening star., 1943-01-11
Meeting Cancelled

Cissel-Saxon unit of the American
Legion Auxiliary in Silver Spring
has postponed its January meeting
scheduled for tonight because OF the
pleasure driving ban, it was an
nounced by Mrs. william E. Marvel,
jr., president,
Evening star., 1943-01-11

at all but a
ready refer
ence" to the
first 10 amend
mentS to the
G. on st ! t ut ion.
T h ey " ere
q d o pit e d zen
masse" as soon
as the First Con-
greSS was as
sembled. In fact,
the gentlemen
from Massachu-
sets couldn't
relax and sit
back comfort
ably In their