davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-01-22
BY CONSTANTINE BROWN.

The Nazis have pinned their
hopes on submarine warfare to
prevent the Allies from taking
SUFFICIENT reinforcements across
the Atlantic and thus Illustrate
American-British offensive plans
in North Africa and Europe.
According to best available re-
ports, the German shipyards are
producing one submarine a day.
All work on large war vessels has
been suspended since last spring.
The new 50,000-ton battleships of
the improved Tirpitz type, which
were reported 80 per cent COM
plete, have been left in the yards
without further work being sched-
uled.
The airplane carrier Graf Lep-
pelin Is the only new addition to
Nazi sea power as far as heavy
surface ships are concerned. She
has been on the slips since 1896.
AT one time 1t was reported that
she would be made into a hos
pital ship. But recent reports
indicate she has been completed
and has been undergoing shake
down cruises in the Baltic Sea,
since last August.
Some speedboats and DESTROY
ers are being built, but on the
whole the Nazis are concentrate
ing on large fleets of submarines.
The shortage of crews Is some
what bothersome, but it appears
that there are enough young men
of the party" who are volunteer
ing for submarine service, in ad-
dttion to the men being drafted,
to form the crews of such types
of ships.
No Shortage of Men.
The pay, promotion, and food
advantages for families Of these
enlisted men are such that many
youngsters are anxious to join
this most dangerous branch of
the navy. According to the latest
word. there Is no shortage Of
officers and men for the U-boats.
1t is conservatively estimated
that some 100 Nazi submarines
are hunting the Allied ships in
the Atlantic and the Mediter-
ranean. To these must be added
at least 80 Italian undersea ves-
sells which are operating chiefly
IN the Mediterranean, although
some reports indicate that there
Is at least one Fascist hotilla In
the Western Atlantic.
The presence of this large num-
Der OF submarines in active op-
GRAFTON leads observers to believe
that the German Italian sub
marine force must now amount
to about 400 undersea craft.
These ships are not after gla-
mour and are avoiding as much
as possible any contact with the
allied men of war. Whenever
a convoy is strongly escorted the
prowlers will follow 1t, but will
not attack until they feel they
Evening star., 1943-01-22
The Great Game of Politics
Army Figure on Size of Fighting Force Seen
As Having Been Bosed on Importont Factors

Army's contention that the num-
Der OF physically At men in the
appropriate age groups is vastly in
excess of that required to meet the
planned expansion. Nor will this
withdrawal of manpower weigh too
heavily on our productive capaci-
ties. On the contrary, a volume of
military production adequate to
equip and supply this force can be
achieved and essential civilian needs
provided for with the man and
woman power remaining available.
Finally, it Is said, the expansion
Is not out Of line with reasonable
forecast OF our prospective capacity
to transport troops and supplies to
overseas theaters.
1t Is agreed that much of this
depends on what we do to the
enemy and what the enemy does to
us. II we do what we expect, the
job will get easier and the strain
less severe all the time. On the
other hand, if the rate Of sinkings
by submarines increases and no way
is found to meet that menace, then
all plans will miscarry and we will
lose the war.
obviously, the Army plans are
made on the sound assumption that
one way or the other we will lessen
the submarine toll and eliminate
that danger.
One other contention Is that with
so great an Army, the military
might some day move in on the
civilian economy and take over the
country. Under Secretary of War
Patterson effectively dealt with that
point some time ago In his testi-
mony before a Senate committee.
Said Mr.. Patterson: mo RESPONSE
BILE person in the War Department,
civilian or military, would counten-
ance such a notion for a moment,
In speaking Of the military we
should bear in mind that most of
the military were civilians two
years ago.
In the spring of 1910 we had
an Army of 250,oo0. Now we have
an Army of 100000. Nineteen
out of 20 men now in the Army
we're in civilian life two and a half
years ago. In officer strength, "a
out Of Is were civilians two and a
half years ago.
The Army is not made up of a
military caste. It is a peoples
Army, with its men drawn from and
truly representative of the entire
Nation. So any talk of military ag-
gression ought not to terrify any
body. The Army moves in only on
those nations with whom we are
at war;
Evening star., 1943-01-22
On the Record
BY DOROTHY THOMPSON.

Both in Britain and here the
responsible political authorities
are refusing to answer questions
from the press regarding the
situation in North Africa and the
appointment Of Marcel Peyrouton
as governor general of Algiers.
Secretary Cordeu Hull, according
to the news reports, advised the
American public to pay more at
tention to the seriousness of the
war situation in North Africa
than to political and factional
questions there"
Now the American public is not
even informed about the war
situation in North Africa. and is
therefore unable to pay any In
telllgent attention to it. In a
recent batch Of German news
papers, there are more pictures
and more stories from North
Africa than there are in our own,
and certainly do not consider
them a reliable source of infor-
nation. But a fog OF censorship
hangs over our operations there.
1t is well that Robert E. Sher-
wood has been sent to clear up
this matter Of censorship, but the
fact that it is necessary to send
him indicates-wen, it indicates
that it is necessary.
Two Viewpoints.
AS to the political situation,
there are two viewpoints, both Of
them official. The one is that we
are now in the process of forging
a perpetual alliance amongst the
United Nations, to survive in
peace as well as in war. This
viewpoint was clearly expressed
by the President in his state of
the Union address to Congress.
The other viewpoint is that all
our political actions in time of
war have no connection with our
postwar policy, which remains
completely open. All political acts
now are expediency; we will fight
the war now and make the peace
later.
This second viewpoint has been
set forth by Mr.. Kingsbury-
Smith in the last issue of the
American Mercury, as the official
State Department attitude, and
apparently was supported by Mr..
Hull in his last press conference.
submit, that these two view
points are completely incompati-
Bile, and that if We continue to try
to sit on two horses at the same
time, we are in for a bad fall.
Furthermore, the contradictions
in our policies are confusing our
Allies. The confusing of our Allies
has direct bearing on United Ma
tions morale. And the persons
who are concerned about this are
the people who are most con-
cerned about the war, not those
most Indifferent to it.
Overshadowing Question.
A major question in planning
the strategy of this war is specu-
lation regarding the future role
of America in the world.
AS the war approaches its
climax, this question will over
shadow all others.
Evening star., 1943-01-22
BY FRANK X. KENT.

In the controversy over the eX-
| pansion of the Army to $500, 900
which, with the increased Navy per-
sonnel, will bring the total of our
armed forces approximately to TO-
100000, the Army seems gaining
! ground. 1t is true the opposition
from certain civilian Governmental
war agencies is still strong and that
this will be reflected in, Congress
which has to make the appropria-
ton for the expansion.
But recently the Arnys cause has
been strengthened by the sweeping
away of certain misconceptions and
by a clearer consideration of the
| facts.
For one thing, when the position
of the opponents of the expansion
is analyzed, it does not make very
good sense. These civilian heads say
they do not question the judgment
of our military leaders on purely
military matters. Not at all What
they do question is their lack of
knowledge Of the civilian capacity
to meet their military plans.
Conceding that the expanded
Army is necessary to crush our
enemy, they insist there are not
ships enough, food enough ano
manpower enough to transport
supply and sustain such an Army
abroad. Hense, we cannot have such
an Army.
Untenable Position.
If this means anything 1t means
that we cannot win the war. In
effect, that Is the argument of those
who oppose. And the only way to
get away from the untenable posi-
ton in which it places them is to
assert that the military leaders do
not know their own business and
the job can be done with a much
smaller Army. But, that would be
equivalent to saying that these civil
ian heads know more about military
matters than the military men,
which is silly.
They are, in fact, In an impossible
attitude which they cannot maintain
and which, unless the President, who
has Endorsed the Army's demand,
weakens, they will not maintain.
The danger is that they will open
the door for various special groups,
particularly labor, to demagogue
about the Army's plans in a way to
affect Congress and possibly jeop-
ardize the whole business.
That, it will be conceded. would
be a pretty serious responsibility
to assume. Of course, the chief
misconception about this business
Is that in its 100000 figure the
Army has presented the maximum
requirements for winning the wal
and has given no thought to the
practical problems of supply. Tc
believe that is to believe that the
Army Is stupid and incompetent
which no one does.
Army Studied All Angles.
The truth is that this figure il
the minimum and not the maximum
figure. The further truth is that
before asking for an Army of thai
size, the Army leaders went very
thoroughly into the question Of
transportation, supplies and homs
requirements. In brief, the Army
thought the thing through anc
made no snap demand for 1900.
900 men without regard to the civil.
ian problems involved.
After exhaustive study, 1t Is tn,
Evening star., 1943-01-22
Miss Caroline RowcIiff
Sponsors DESTROYER

Miss Caroline Gilbert Rowcliff,
daughter of Read Admiral and Mrs.
G. j. Rowcliff, was sponsor of the
destroyer, Leutze at its launching
at the Bremerton (Wash) Navy
Yard on Wednesday. Miss Rowcliff
is senior at Mills College, Oakland,
| Cal, where she has made excellent
records in scholarship and campus
activities.
She is the granddaughter of Rear
Admiral E. c. H. Leutze, comman-
dant of the Washington Navy Yard
from 1906 to 1910, and also a des-
cendant of Emmanuel Leutze, who
painted Washington Crossing the
Delaware" and Westward Ho" that
hangs in the Capitol.
Evening star., 1943-01-22
Army Education PurIey

The Advisory Committee Of the
Army Institute, which includes some
of the leading educators of the Ma
ton, will hold It's monthly confer
ence with institute officials tomor-
row and Sunday at the Adjutant
Generals School at Fort Washing
ton.
During the conference, special at
tention will be given to education
by correspondence, both on military
and civilian matters, for Army per-
sonnel.
Evening star., 1943-01-22
This Changing World
Nozis Pin Hopes of Increased U-Boot Attack!
To Halt Allied Plans for New Offensves

have a cinch. This was fully
illustrated In the North African
operation early in November
when none OF the IS Nazi sub
marines dared attack the Amer
ican- British armada, but waited
until the ships had unloaded
their human and war material
freight and sank a large number
of transports and supply ships
on their way back to their bases.
The same policy is being fol-
lowed now. No American trans
port carrying troops has yet been
sunk because the escort Is excel
lent. But the attacks on cargo
ships carrying war materials and
foodstuffs to our Allies and to the
American troops across the At
lentic continues with unabated
fury.
More Escort Ships Needed.
The problem Of transportation
by sea unquestionably Is the most
serious matter confronting us at
the moment. The demand for
steel for building factories, war
material for the Army and for
other such purposes has slowed
down our program Of construction
Of escort vessels. Although high
priority has been given to the
yards which are building such
type of vessels the number re-
quired is so large in view Of the
presence Of great number Of
enemy providers in the Atlantic
that we have not been able either
here or In Britain to keep pace
with the Nazi submarine con-
struction.
1t appears that for the time
being the Nazi commanders are
not greatly concerned with re-
suming a sinking campaign off
the American coast. There are
some subm marines prowling
around our coasts. but on the
whole the damage caused by
these ships has been greatly re-
duced. The Axis naval high
command does not appear to
bother much with the conveys
going to Russia.
Once in a while the Germans
do attack in force with sub
marines, planes and surface YES
sells, whenever they believe that
the ships in such a convoy are
worthy of great risk. But on
the whole they seem to be con-
centrating on the sea lanes
leading to North and West
Africa. They have a number Of
excellent bases in France. More
over, the number of large sub
marines with a long cruising
radius has been increased lately.
The armament is also heavier.
There is no question that un-
til the construction OF escort
vessels has been substantially
speeded up we will have a series
Of unpleasant headaches. But
1t Is hoped that in the next few
months this problem also will be
met successfully,
Evening star., 1943-01-22
Federation to Equip
IWAAC Room at Meade

A recreation room for the WAACS
assigned to Fort Meade will be fur
nished by the Maryland Federation
of Women's Clubs, it was announced
today.
Maryland clubwomen have been
asked to donate funds for the room,
and the federation also will hold
benefits to aid the project.
Urging greater attendance at fed
Grafton meetings, Mrs. Walter E
Kriel, federation president, pointed
out that the OPA has ruled that
clubwomen may attend meetings
in their cars if such meetings are
devoted to the war effort.
Evening star., 1943-01-22
Stage Door Cunteen Show

The Fort Meade Md special
service unit show will be staged to-
night at the Stage Door Canteen
Bryan OMara, Irish tenor and
graduate of the Royal Academy of
Music in London. will be an addi-
tional feature of tonight's entertain
ment for servicemen. He has sung
at Carnegie Hall For three years
he sang in grand opera in Dublin.
Evening star., 1943-01-22

more than the right of rebellion
seems to be tolerated just the same,
Many innocent workers doubtless
are victimized by strike leaders.
The easiest way to interrupt Amer
ica's war production is to stir up
strikes-nobody seems to be penal
lied for that kind of sabotage.
Reproduction Rights Reserved)
Evening star., 1943-01-22
Fort Washington Picks Tunes

Men stationed at the Adjutant
Generals School at Fort Washing
ton, Nd, will be honored Monday
when Fred Waring plays Victory
Tunes" during his radio broadcast.
The tunes to be played were selected
by the men at Fort Washington.
Evening star., 1943-01-22
Children's Museum Movie

A sound picture, The Adventures
OF Chico" will be shown at $3.50 pm.
tomorrow at the Children's Museum.
42l5 Massachusetts avenue NV.
The picture tells story Of wild life
in Mexico.
Evening star., 1943-01-22

NV. Capt. Edna Breazeale will
preach at II am. on "A Consecrated
Life" At $3.50 pm. Capt. Edith
Foran will preach on "The Road to
Salvation" Special musical selec-
tons also will be featured.
Evening star., 1943-01-22
Salvation Army Services

Maj. James A. Longino, divisional
commander of the Salvation Army,
will conduct the Sunday services at
the No. 2 Corps, 1901 Seventh street
Evening star., 1943-01-22

THE opinions OF the ,ortter this o,cn not
necessarily The Stars Such opinions presented The
Stars effort to gUe all sides OF questions OF its
readers although such opinions may contradictory aono
themselves and directly opposed to The Stars.
, 1943-06-10
Labor United Urged

Phillip Murray recently made a
significant statement when he said
IF we are United Nations in
fact, we must be so in practice,
not only in the relations between
governments but in the relations
between trade unions and the
United Nations" To that we can
add, there can be no United Ma
tons in fact unless it is con-
firmed in practice by labor and
the people. IF Hitler's friends in
America can keep labor divided
and ineffective and stall d land
invasion of Europe again in 1943 as
they did in 1912, then the wal
may be terribly prolonged. Mil
lions of lives will be needlessly
sacrificed. The cost in dollars and
cents will be incalculable. Our
very victory may be in danger.
What has let them knife Presi-
dent Roosevelt's authorization
program, protecting the profiteers,
weakening price control, refusing
to place a $25,OOO ceiling on big
incomes? What has allowed the
anti-Semites and the jim-crow
Negro-haters to spread disunity.
Let us face the facts-it has
been the lack of unity within la
boris own ranks which has given
the Hunger bloc" in Congress its
opportunity to riot in pr~ofiteering
prices. The same lack of unity
has allowed the Hoover Hearst
and America First gang to run
loose in Congress, in the press,
scuttling the Pepper-T olan Kill
gore bill, and delaying the fulfill
, 1943-06-10
Agreement
Reached

An agreement has been reached
between the National Foundry
and Furnace Company and Local
768, UERMWA, on contract
changes for the year Of 1913 and
1914. Garth Ferguson, commits
sioner, Conciliator Service, De-
p~artnent of Labor, participated
In the negotiations that brought
about settlement. The new agree
ment incorporated a maintenance
Of membership clause and a joint
appeal to the WLB by manage
ment and the union for a five
cent wage increase.
The union was represented by
Merrill Bennett, Chief Steward;
Joe Butkus, and John Kellum,
assisted by K. M. Kirkendall, local
representative.
, 1943-06-10
Another Go


This year the membership of
the CLIO locals in the City of
Dayton will be given the oppor-
tunity to place an adequate rep
resentation on the City Commits
sion. Walter c. Beare, member
of UAW Local CAB, has taken out
petitions and is asking for the
support of all CLIO locals.
Walter Beare is well versed in
the problems of the City Commits
sion. He has attended every meet
ing of the commission for the
past six. years, barring one meet
ing that was held while he was
sick in bed. One of the best
recommendations that can be
given Beare, is the fact that sew
eral members of the present COM
mission are very much opposed to
him.
Beare knows many things about
the working of the commission.
Even as merely a citizen attend
ing the meetings of the commits
sion, Walter Beare can ask ques-
tons that are extremely embar-
RAISING to those members of the
commission who are opposed to
everything that labor favors.
Myron Smith, who has already
been given the pledged support of
the Montgomery County Indus
trial Union Council, was the first
of the CLIO candidates. The addi-
ton of Walter Beare to the ranks
of the commission would give. the
CLIO in Dayton a real representa-
ton. AS the CLIO represents,
through the membership and their
families, nearly fifty per cent OF
the population of Dayton, it is
well time that we are given a
voice in the government of QUIZ
city.
Walter Bearers statement to this
paper is as follows, II am seek
ing office as a member of the
FV;%xy of noxy%or TovorosSs;ov, foy
only one reason, adequate voice
for the membership of the CLIO!
I hope that with the support of on,
membership, I can attain that goal
The thing that I want to impress
upon your minds, is that it is
necessary for you to be a regis
tered voter in order to vote fol-
anyone"
Are You Registered?
, 1943-06-10
Obligation

Labor's "No-Strike War Pledge"
has been under a critical test.
Many justified grievances still
have to be settled. These can and
must be settled satisfactorily
through the legitimate channels
established by the Administra-
ton. We must see to it that fas-
cism under the guise of anti
fascism does not disrupt the win
the-war forces here ON the home
front.
In establishing the OWN (Of-
flee of War Mobilization) recently,
the President observed that Eve
are entering a phase of the war
effort when we must keep
both our military machine and
our essential civilian economy run
ming in team and at high speed"
The implication is quite obvious;
we are entering a decisive and
critical stage in the showdown
with the Axis. Let the lessons
labor has learned speak out with
new courage, new meaning for
1943. Let the vision of world
solidarity break down fractional
and jurisdictional disputes. Let
the Fifth Column in America feel
the power of united labor, routing
the p~rofiteers, supporting FDR's
authorization fight and the enact
ment of wage adjustments where
ever necessary for war produc
ton.
The efforts of American labor
to secure the speedy invasion OF
Europe by Britain and the United
States, to increase production, to
back up our President, isolatine
the defeatists, promoting national
unity, can all be reinforced and
strengthened through the fulfill
ment of the responsibilities of the
American trade union movement
in this struggle for survival
! against fascism and for the indie
pendence of all nations and the
freedom of all people.
, 1943-06-10

and the most consistently.
But, whatever its strength, what
ever it's achievements, the fact
remains Hitler knew what he was
doing when he started on his
path of world conquest by first
smashing the organizations, the
trade unions and political parties
of labor. He knew that this was
his foremost enemy. American
trade unionists know that they
cannot live In the same world
with fascism and that the cause
and interests of American labor
q best be served only If all ma
tons are free and the right OF
workers are respected every
where.
, 1943-06-10
FiSke =.

It is said that in the days of old, when dansels were fair,
and knights were boldly, that they never heard Of rationing, back
in those good old days, (no such thing as taxes, thank God, no
OPAsD
I wonder, (were they happy with nothing to grippe about?)
Nothing to do but eat and sleep. land an occasional fencing bout)
7 wonder how housewives spent their time, without any books to
keep? 1--WE heard the word from some local wives, they count
those meat points in their sleepy
If they used shoe stamps (seventeen by number), ! wonder,
were there cuffs on armoured pants, priorites on lumber? Did
they have such a thing as a War Labor Board, did they let the
prices soar? Did they say, "No, boys, there will be no raise, it's no
use to ask for more!"
It's really no use to wonder, no one knows where the whole
thing will end, but you look at the mess that we have now, and
you wish you were living THEM
, 1943-06-10
Looking At The

With u RichesOn

Today in the life and death war against Hiterisnn, it is only logical
that the working class shall step forward in all its strength and vision
to unite not only its own ranks, but also the nation for victory. Of all
classes II groups in the nation, labor has fought Eiterism the longest
, 1943-06-10

ment of FDR's pledges to smash
at the Axis in Europe, where it is
the strongest. World unity of
labor would be the steel frame
work around which the anti
Hitler coalition would enormous
ly strengthen itself.
Detroit evening times., 1943-08-08
Justice Triumphs

IL required the II men only
five hours to find all three de-
PENDANTS guilty Of murder and
set the penalty OF Rooney and
Berry at life in prison. and that
OF Miss Rizzo at 20 years.
Jilson and Arnold surren-
dered and were convicted Of
conspiracy 10 commit illegal
acts and sentenced to terms Of
one TO five years.
A week later when Judge Mil
Ter formally pronounced the SEN
tences set by the jury for Miss
RizZo. Rooney and Berry, the
two men heard the decree with
out change of their sullen ex-
preston. But Rosie went into
Mysteries
Perhaps she remembered
how she brought a gun TO her
paramour for the killing Of the
college boy and how she later
pantomimed his death--stagger-
ing grotcsquely. rolling back her
eyes and laughing loudly in the
union Offices!
CopyriEht, 1913. hy King Features