davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-11-07
Italian Front

The bitterly pushed offensive of the
American 5th and the British 9th Armies
northWard in Italy attained new sue
the capture of Venafro, central strong
point of the line the Germans sought to
hold In their delaying action as they
worked frantically to complete more
permanent defenses far to the north.
The Allied forces moving up the west
coast of Italy have now approached to
within IS miles of Rome, or, roughly. half
the distance from their first beachhead
at Salerno. The progress has been slow
but nevertheless steady with the losses
to the enemy believed to be considerably
greater than our own by no means in
significant casualties.
The entire German line which was
based on Mondragone on the west coast
and San Salvo on the east with Vena-
fro as the hinge has now been thrown
of balance. Gen. ClarkS 5th Army,
driving down from the highland above
Venafro on Massico Ridge, finally forced
the enemy to yield late yesterday
The British 9th Army began to push
toward Rome last Monday when con-
siderable progress was made along the
road which leads from Foggia to Isernia
and then on across Italy to Rome. At
about the same time, the 5th captured
Teano, about half way from the coast
of Venafro, taking the important posi-
ton despite the fact that the Germans
had concentrated by far the greater
part of their artillery behind a ridge
which overlooked the approaches to the
city
BY the end of the week all of Massico
Ridge was in Allied possession and the
entire front was in motion forward un-
til the line stood roughly from a point
north of San Salvo, about half way on
to VaSto, inland above Isernia, through
Venafro and on down to a point beyond
SeSsa AurunCa on the west coast.
The Americans threw a new air force
into the campaign when the 18th Joined
the 18th in battering German lines Of
communication. smashing large truck
conveys, rail yards, bridges. highways
and other facilities seriously cripplng
the Germans IN their efforts to keep
their supply lines open. Various points
along the Riviera also were bombed.
1t was revealed that the American
cruiser Savannah had been hit by a
bomb which penetrated one of the gun
turrets during the landing operations at
Salerno. There were casualties within
the turret.
1t was reported by Secretary OF War
Stimson that our casualties since the
landing on the African coast year ago
and through october % had totaled 81
126, of whom 5539 were killed. 1881
wounded and 1866 missing.
Evening star., 1943-11-07

seemingly Unconditional appearance, he
possesses a keen sense of humor. His
hearty laugh is genuine credit to
man who has seen SO many years as
commander of fighting ships in troubled
days.
You wonder at times what really is
going on behind that long, receding
forehead and probably would be sur
prlsed, as I was, when he says:
The induction of women into the
United States Navy is no longer an
experiment. American women are
capable and efficient and have proven
their value as an integral part of the
service. In assuming their duties, the
WAVES have also assumed an honor
which no other women in the history of
our country have attained"
Perhaps such views constitute the
reason for the intelligent and expedi-
tious manner in which the Emergency
Personnel Expansion Program has been
accomplished. Through his keen ap-
praisal of human values, the chief of
naval personnel made that seemingly
impossible task reality.
He is good listener, too. listening
with both eyes and ears. And when he
speaks it is from years of painstakingly
gained experience Note his medals and
you get the proof of that fact-Cuban
Pacification Medal, Victory Medal and
Destroyer Clasp for World War I service,
Yangtze Service Medal and Defense
Service Medal with Atlantic Fleet Clasp.
A Pennsylvania from Danville, born
SO years ago, Admiral Jacobs was ap-
pointed to the Naval Academy in 1903.
Service on several Navy ships was re.
Warded in 1913 by appointment as aide
and flag secretary on the staff of the
commander in chief of the Atlantic Re
serve Fleet. He commanded the Duncan
and Jouett in 1916 as we'll as COM
manded division of the Destroyer Force
of the Atlantic Fleet. During World
War he commanded the U. S. S. Henley
and the Antisubmarine Detachment,
ment
During 1927 he commanded the
Monocacy and was in charge of the
evacuation of Americans from the Upper
Yangtze River Valley in China Later
he took over the Black Hawk. Other
assignments are too numerous to detail
here but in 1899 he became assistant
chief OF the Bureau of Navigation and
went to sea again in 1941. After Pearl
Harbor, the admiral was brought back
to Washington as chief of the Bureau
OF Navigation, which title was changed
by Congress subsequently to chief of
naval personnel
(Releassd b. the Bell Syndicate. Incl
Evening star., 1943-11-07

ing rain Tuesday morning In the
battle the Japs lost nine ships either
sunk or badly damaged Their fleet
consisted of two heavy and two light
cruisers and eight deStroyers The bat
tie which was fought at $4,000 yards
with the deStroyers slashing in at closer
range for torpedo attack resulted in
the sinking of one heavy cruiser and
four deStrOyers and the damaging of
two other cruisers and two DESTROY
erS. There were no American losses,
although some damage was suffered
with relatively few casualties. Later
the Americans were attacked by Ct
japanese planes of which II were shot
down by antiaircraft fire.
Nine hours after the fight off Bou-
gainville, MacArthur's bombers attacked
enemy ships in the harbor at Rabaul.
sinking three destroyers and damaging
two heavy cruisers, survivors, probably,
of the Bougainville battle.
1t was reported during the week that
American submarines have sunk 10 more
japanese merchant ships
Stage Is Set.
The stage is now being set for a eli
mactic battle if the five japanese naval
forces moving down from Truk continue
on their course. Included in the ships
are eight heavy cruisers, seven light
cruisers, Is destroyers, two corvettes, a
whaling boat, nine cargo boats or trans
ports and one tanker The Japs are In
the position that they must come down
or abandon some 10000 or more troops
now imperled by the start of American
operations on Bougainville, which are
undoubtedly the forerunner of an at
tack on New Britain, last Jap strong
point in the Solomons area.
American forces look forward with
extreme confidence to the engagement
which can well settle the fate of the
japanese positions in the Southwest
Pacific. Apparently the Japs do not in
tend to risk their battleships and what
ever carriers they now possess or they
realize that they dare not expose their
flank to attack by American ships which
might be operating from the HaWaiians.
They have lost the initiative and now
must expect attack from many direc-
tions, the raids on Marcus. Wake and
the Gilbert Islands emphasizing that
fact.
In China some 10000 japanese troops
have made some gains in the Central
Yangtze Valley area, but Chinese troops
trained by the Americans have pene-
trated 100 miles into Northern Burma.
lengthening the Ledo supply route.
Evening star., 1943-11-07

100000 were killed, $4,000 captured and
1,702, 900 wounded.
During that same period the Russians
have moved the enemy back over
12O0mile front for distances varying
from 1875 to 280 miles, liberating 135 900
square miles Of Russian territory in
which there were $4,000 settlements in
cluding 162 large cities
Those figures were for the period since
July S. The recovery since the Germans
ran into defeat and terrific loss at
Stalingrad and since they had passed
Maikop in the Caucasus in their quest
for oil is far more impressive. In fact,
Hitler's gamble that he could defeat
Russia before Americas strength could
be felt has cost him casualties totaling
1000 900. according to Russian tabu-
lations. His loss in equipment also has
been tremendous. The Russians of
course, have also lost heavily.
Evening star., 1943-11-07
Pacific Front

Stung sharply by an American landing
on Bougainville Island in the Northern
Solomons and the smashing of her
naval strength at that time in Rabaul
Japan has apparently accepted the
challenge of Gen. Macarthur and Ad-
miral Halsey to come out and fight and
the prospects are, as new week of war
fare opens in the Southwest Pacific. that
great naval battle is in the making,
though confined to light forces
In fine display of the excellent CO.
ordination of Army and naval activi-
ties against the Japs, Gen. MacArthur's
bombers smashed at the fairfield and
harbor at Rabaul Monday at about
the same time as Admiral HalSey was
sending his marines ashore at Empress
Augusta Bay on Bougainville under pro-
lection of a naval escort while other
task forces blasted japanese installa-
tions on the Shorthand Islands, Just
south of Bougainville, and on Buka.
the last of the Solomons completely in
japanese hands.
The combined operations had the very
excellent effect of making it impossible
for the Jap reinforcements available
at Rabaul to come to the aid of the
troops now imperiled on Bougainville
and added greatly to the number of
Japanese warships now resting on the
bottom of the sea and to the planes
which were smashed on the ground or
sent hurtling down out of the skies.
On Monday, the Vanankanau airfeld
near Rabaul was hit by lis tons Of
bombs and IS planes were destroyed, 25
In air combat. American plane losses
were 4. Over on Bougainville all the
airflelds on the southern end were
blasted, almost completely wiping out
Jap airpoWer on the island and Amer
ican and New Zealand troops moved
steadily forward on Choiseul and
Treasury Islands.
While the air attack was underway,
task force steamed into Empress Au-
gusta Bay, smashed the Jap shore
installations and then laid down a bar
rage beyond as the marines swarmed
ashore
The Japs sent a task force in to
break up the landing but it was driven
of with considerable loss after a two
hour battle in the dark during a driv-
Evening star., 1943-11-07
CED Fig hts Postwar Unemployment Menace

now in war industries will be returning
to peacetime pursuits.
TO provide employment in private in
dustrv for these millions of war workers
and returning soldiers we shall have to
offset the 85-billion- dollar war produc-
ton with an equivalent of peacetime
goods and services. Theoretically, and
perhaps factually, total output of $50
billions will be required This is 35 per
cent above 1910, record peacetime
year.
Furthermore, We must reach that
new high level quickly-two years after
peace at most-unless we are to have
mills1ns of people walking the streets
looking for jobs.
"The committees broad objective Is
maximum employment and high pro-
ductivity. To accomplish 1t will require
positive approach. Industry and COM
merce must start now to consider their
postwar programs of production and
marketing in order to assure minimum
loss of time in transition from war to
peace time activity and a high level of
employment and production
Mr.. Hoffman added that it will be i'm
possible to overlook political phases of
the program, and that one duty of the
committee is that of providing informa-
ton on which to base constructive meas
sures for creating climate favorable
to its proceedings"
Group Self Financed.
The group, which describes itself
as completely independent and self
financed, has three subcommittee. on
field development, finance and research.
The respective chairmen are M. B.
Folsom treasurer Of the Eastman Kodak
Co. Of Rochester, N. Y; Clarence Fran
els, president of the General Foods
Corp, and Ralph E. Flanders, president
OF the Jones 81 LamSon Machine Co.,
Springfield, VT Prof. Theodore o.
Yntema of the University of Chicago is
employed as full-time research director.
The st. Louis member of the Field
Development Subcommittee is Frank C.
Rand, board chairman of the Interna-
tional Shoe Co. Chester c. Davis, presi-
dent OF the st. Louis Federal Reserve
Bank, Is vice chairman of the research
unit Other well-known names in the
committees lineup include those of
Charles F. Kettering, vice president OF
General Motors; Esic A. Johnston, presi-
dent of the United States Chamber of
Commerce; William L. Clayton, Houston
cotton broker and right-hand man of
Secretary Jones; William Benton, vice
president of the University of Chicago;
Lou Holland. president of the Holland
Engraving Co. of Kansas City; Ralph
Budd, president of the Burlington Rail-
road; Walter D. Fuller, president of the
Curtis Publishing Co., and George A.
Sloan, New York industrial executive.
Defining itself as grass roots" Or
ganizer for business, CED works through
field development division with II
regional chairmen, one for each Fed
eral Reserve district, what will be from
135 to $50 district chairmen, and an
untold number Of community chairmen.
The principal job is to aid management
everywhere in making ready for post
Evening star., 1943-11-07
The Axis Suffers Serious Defeats Diplomacy and All the Fighting
Forgotten
Continued From Page C-1)

France can borrow to rebuild the Chan
mel ports.
These are the hopes of the planners.
There are plenty of possible slips 'twixt
this cup and lip.
This idea for spreading costs shows
even in the food plan. The nations
have been notified they will be asked
TO contribute up to their ability. This
could mean, if Italy puts in good
crop next spring, her surplus will help
feed reconquered Europe in 1914 or
l945.
And now to plans by nongovern-
mental groups.
Seek Brisker Trade.
They also see a brisker trade. They
agree tariffs must be reduced. All re-
strictions on trade must be modified.
That could mean Mrs. Lowe OF Kansas
City can buy an English topcoat for
less and Mrs. Brown of London will get
an American typewriter for less. The
coat makers and typewriter people
would be buster
An idea most commonly discussed is
free trade area between the United
States and the United Kingdom. 1t has
been put most forcefully by Raymond
Leslie Buell., in widely discussed article
Tor Fortune. He wants England and
America to declare That any tariff
restrictions on their own trade come to
an end, say, within six months" He
would leave the plan open to any United
Nation which wished to join.
And Winston Churchill, speaking at
Harvard, went so far as to suggest an
eventual common citizenship for Eng
disappearing people.
Suppose all trade barriers were
knocked out between the United States
and England with Canada, Australia,
India, South Africa and others Joining
in later
This could happen: Australian wool
would move to English looms at a
lower price. English wool would move
to the New York needle trades at a
lower price, and people all over the
area would get better coats at lower
prices.
Money Would Go Further.
Suppose, father, that American brides
could get Belgian laces for their wells at
half the going price. Or Mexican
women could get all the American
dresses they want. Or We could buy
Russian furs at less. Every mans $50 a
week would bring home more bacon.
The battle over these plans will be
heated none more so than the argu-
ments in our own Senate, a body of
people all the United Nations are watch
ing anXiously because of the Senate's
refusal last time to enter the League
of Nations
So far the Senate Foreign Relations
Committee has approved at least the
principle Of collaborating to preserve
the peace
Their public arguments, and the
closed-door conferences are curious
thing in history. They are actually
this: In the middle of the Second World
War men are trying to prevent the third
world war.
It's a sort of Munich in reverse, an
effort to give rather than take away
freedom and sufficency. If practical
means are found 1t may really mean
peace for our time" II not.
Evening star., 1943-11-07
Continued From Page CID

ual enterprises in this country start now
to develop their own postwar produc-
ton and marketing programs.
The coming of peace will create stag
gering problems as the Nation turns
back from a wartime to a civilian econ
omy. The Government will no longer be
in the market for IS billion dollars
worth OF war goods annually. A mimi
mum of 1000 900 men in the armed serv-
Ices and most of the 2OOOO 900 persons
Evening star., 1943-11-07
Americas Tooth Week of War
218th Week of World War II
By Howard p. Bailey

The
the Axis practically
the diplomatic
Whatever
from the
full
Evening star., 1943-11-07
No Paper for Money

1t is feared that the shortage of paper
will compel the National Bank in Bel
GUM to stop printing banknotes.
The Germans refuse to provide Bel
gian paper mills with the essential raw
material
Evening star., 1943-11-07
AS the Magazines See Things
BY Richard Tomtkins,
Associated Press Stan Writer.

Edgar Snow in the forthcoming Sat-
urday Evening Post tells OF the newest
developments in the Allied aerial blitz
against Germany. Writing from Lon
don, he says:
II found that within few weeks the
United States AAF and the Raj COM
bined will have here in Britain the
greatest air striking power ever grouped
as one massive fist. And this fist is
going to try to knock out Germany, in
SO far as air power can do it, before
next spring"
BY the spring the Allied air supremacy
may be SO strong that it will be possible
to warn the Germans in advance Just
where we will strike next Snow believes
The demoralizing effect of such warfare,
he says, can well be imag gined Fifty
two cities account for more than 80
per cent of Germany's production, he
goes on, and the theory is that as these
disappear ''the enemy will suffer inter-
nal hemorrhages which will prove fatal"
But the enemy, he is sure, will 1nvesti-
gate all possible methods of Snatch
ing victory from defeat" and that is the
reason for sending over more ships
and more men quickly" Otherwise,
Snow warns, Hitler may recover his
balance.
Evening star., 1943-11-07
By Bernard G0d,cin.

fThis is one OF a series of pen and
1UOrd sketches of Americas 1Uar lead
ers by distinguished American
artistJ
Externally, here is the schoolboy's
idea Of Navy hero-at least, it was so
in my early reading.
Before me sat a stocky. medium sized
man without nerves and with black
bushy eyebrows. He recalled sea stories
Evening star., 1943-11-07
Behind Barbed Wire

NoiAOA al w IllC SCllCI al
prevalent, the Allied prisoners OF war
in Germany (and this has nothing TO
do with concentration camps are on
the whole well and reasonably treated"
This Is the message to relatives Of
captured Americans, Canadians and
Britishers in an article in the December
Cosmopolitan by DR.. Jerome Davis, d.
rector for Canada of the War Prisoners'
Aid of the Worlds Committee of the
YMCA
One factor responsible for this treat
ment, DR.. Davis points out is that Axis
prisoners in Allied hands are increasing.
The Germans are concerned over their
captured soldiers, he explains, and re-
ports reaching Germany tell of the hu-r
name treatment accorded their soldiers
in American and Canadian camps.
Food packages go through to those in
the Nazi camps and supplement the
prison diet so we'll that they actually
are living better than the German civ-
liam population" says DR.. Davis.
13 Slugs.
William F. Boni of the Associated
Press, the first correspondent to win the
Purple Heart in the Southwest Pacific,
went there to report the war but wound
up as "a sort of clay pigeon for jeeps,
germs and Japs'
He tells the story in the forthcoming
Saturday Evening Post. Boni received
a fracture when a jeep rolled off bank.
Then, after doing hitch with malaria"
he caught "the jack pot-13 hunks of
japanese metal on tank lighter ply
ing out Of Nassau Bay.
An attack by Jap dive bomber and
Zeros and jammed gun on the boat
ended with some little cases, including
Boni. labeled "wia" wounded in action)
nine nicks in the back and four leg
wounds,
Evening star., 1943-11-07

asks, Shall become . lawbreaker--
or = bankrupt"
Labor Draft?
Housewives numbering $500 900 -con-
stitute our principal last-ditch battle
line in industry today" Paul v. McNutt,
chairman OF the War Manpower Conn
mission, points out in the December
American, to show why the manpower
situation is so acute. -
His article tells that by next July We
"must" have 100000 of these women
IN war work or in essential war industry.
McNutt goes into little arithmetic TO
prove that 1t is necessary to call on
housewives Others for various reasons,
are just no answer to the problem. -.
Then, I'VE stub our toe on another,
complication" he says, because the
labor shortage is not evenly distributed.
A housewife cannot be shifted 200 miles
away. But in critical areas, those who
do not want to or who find 1t incon-
venient are those who mGS1.-
Il prefer voluntary cooperation" he
concludes 81 am striving to make VOL
untary cooperation successful. But
should legislation become necessary, I
think it is important that every indi-
vidual recognize that law need not mean
dictatorial action"
After all, McNutt says, 1--WE have
always found women even more pa
triotic than men"
Evening star., 1943-11-07
"Lawbreaker-Or a Bankrupt?"

When big business kicks about Gov
ernment regulation, it's not news But
when 'industry's one-mulers" start yell
Ing something must be wrong
Something is" Stanley Young re-
ports in this weeks Saturday Evening
Post. Thousands of small businessmen
can't all be wrong or all Republicans.
They aren't. They are men with valid
grievances, men in the war effort up to
their necks and nearing their end trying
to stay in it,
For an example, Young examines the
lumber industry, with its 10000 indi-
vidually owned sawmills. Last June
9740 mills were idle for other than sea-
sonal reasons. With the Nation facing
an estimated shortage of at least 6,OOO-
100000 board feet by the end of this
year. congressional subcommittee con-
tends it is the duty of the Federal Gov
ernment to bring back into production
the closed mills
The small operator, caught between
OPA price ceilings and Washington di-
receives, Young finds. is discouraged
dlsgusted and suspicious of officials and
Evening star., 1943-11-07
Another War Problem.

Just how to keep the 100000 Nazi and
Italian prisoners of war busy this winter
is problem that Is worrying the Gov
ernment, according to Business Week.
And 1t costs 621a cents a day, each, to
feed them
The magazine explains that industry's
manpower shortage cannot be eased by
using the prisoners in factories, because
the Geneva Conference forbids their en-
ployment in dangerous work, such as
mining, or in anything to do with the
war effort Also, their chances of escape
or sabotage would be greater In war
factories.
This leaves virtually nothing but agri-
culture as suitable field for captives
And now most harvests have ended.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-03-14

also N. main North African railway from Cessblanes
to the Tunision front. I'll
though Gibraltar might not be taken by Spanish
German attack. Spanish guns would make the naval
h.rbor useless 10 convoy and patrol craft
There !. another side TO the picture Facing the
100000 eoIoniss guard in Spanish Morocco IS o
Isrqe Allied army. Any concession by Spain TO Ger
man "eo-operaiion" would signal an Allied advance
over the mountains from French Morocco and drive
TO the Mediterranean and thence TO second front
invasion Of SPAIN This would undoubtedly be accom-
panied by invasion Of Spain, Bay OF Biseay coast from
Allied earrisons in the British Isles, and possible such
eounter-streteey would contemplate Of Portuguese
communications from the Atlantic. Such invasion
would have q, objective the main French railroads at
Bordeaux and Toulouse pathway onto the continent
les, costly than frontal assault Of the French coast.
A third possibility. however slim. diplomatic
victory for the Allies, securing Spanish, and or Portu
9uese aid. active or passive.
Tunss. however remains the main theeier of action
Of the day with Won Arnim stalemated in the north
above Medier-eLBsb RommeI repulsed in the central
waist around Fsid Pass and expecting assault on the
Msreth line in the south.