davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-12-11
G0nld Lincoln

on such subjects as Government
finances, Government regulation of busi-
ness, and centralization of power in
Washington. Senator Taft makes this
extremely clear in his article 1t is his
contention that the country cannot con-
tinue- to remain the America of the
past $50 years II the deficit spending
by the Government is to be continued
indefinitely. He sees in the National
Resources Planning Board report the
restoration of all the New Deal agen-
cies knocked out by Congress In the
last year or two-the WPA, the PWA,
the CCC and the NYA, nationalized
on much greater scale than in the
past.
The Republicans. Senator Taft pro-
poses, are to have a social welfare pro-
gram of their own-not so costly as to
sink the American taxpayers perma-
nenty, and largely under State control,
with some federal assistance. He ia
vors, too program OF aid to foreign
nations. But here again, he insists that
it should be designed first to help these
nations help themselves-and that it
shall be contained within limits of ex-
penditure which will not bankrupt this
country.
1t is clear that the Republicans are
as intent upon winning absolute victory
in the war as are the New Dealers:
that they are intent upon setting up
some kind of organization to keep the
peace in the future. The Republicans,
like all other Americans, believe now
that the United Nations are going to
win the war-no matter who is Presi-
dent The plea to continue Mr.. Roose-
welt In office, therefore. falls on deaf
ears. The reason is that If Mr.. Roose-
welt is elected next year, he and his ad-
vsers will be in control of the Govern
ment for another four years. There
will be no chance of changing the Gov
ernment, as the British. for example.
will have at the close of the war. The
New Dealers will be "ir" until the be-
ginning of 1949, although the war may
be over in 1914 or 1945.
Evening star., 1943-12-11
Spokesman for Male Nurses
Urges Their Employment in Field.
To the Editor Of The Star:

40 tne Eultot ol Inc Star.
In connection with your editorial,
Sunday, December 5. dealing with
Nurses for the Wounded" I should
like to call to your attention a situation
which warrants consideration. I refer
to the fact that, despite the urgent need
for nurses, male nurses have been given
no consideration, as such, by any branch
Of the armed forces.
Without in any way rejecting upon
the splendid Army and Navy Nurse
Corps, it should be obvious enough that
male nurses, by virtue Of their sex. are
more thoroughly qualified than women
to endure the rigorous requirements of
modern warfare in the various theaters
of operation
While it is true that the number of
man nurses available for commissions
would by no means solve the problems
of the nurse shortage, the fact remains
that utilizing their professional exper-
tence to the utmost advantage would
prove of inestimable value Indeed, it
was to the end of full utilization of man
power that the War Department has
directed that every man "be assigned
to the position in which he can render
the maximum service. Classification,
reassignment and training are COM
mand functions that must be exercised
energetically and continuously so that
the skill, aptitude, physical qualif1ca-
tions, and capacity for development Of
the individual are used to the utmost"
So important was this order, that Gen.
eral Marshall has required that it be
read within 48 hours of its receipt at
each station
In awarding commissions to female
doctors, Congress has acknowledged the
fact that, regardless of the number to
be commissioned, such services as there
by could be offered were of paramount
Importance. It requires little vision to
see that the commissioning of man
nurses would be at least of equal ad-
vantage to our armed forces
am sure speak for all man nurses
when I urge that Congress take imme-
diate consideration Of the matter and
utilize this valuable source OF nursing
aid to its fullest capacity. r. N.
Evening star., 1943-12-11
This Changing World

ganized in Yugoslavia by Marshal Broz
Drug Tito, have been striking at the
Nazis everywhere they had a chance.
How successful they have been is q
matter Of discussion. The success of
some Of their attacks, as is only natural
in guerrilla warfare, have been exag-
gerated In the off1cial communiques
being broadcast from Tifis, Georgia,
some 1900 miles from the scene.
Sometimes the enthusiasm Of guerrilla
leaders who may have temporarily con-
Quered some positions, but lost them
when attacked by q regular Nazi unit,
carried them away to the point of
making exaggerated claims.
There is no doubt, however, that for
the time being the Partisans are har-
RAISING the Germans more than the
forces Of Gen. Mihailovich.
So far as is known here, Gen. Mihail-
ovich, who remained in Serbia volun-
tarily, always has been on the side OF
the United Nations. He is minister of
war in the recognized Yugoslav govern
ment-in-exile. He may desire Yugo-
slavia dominated by the Serbs after his
country has been liberated and the
United Nations have won a final VIC
tory. This desire has led his forces into
q night with those Of Tito. Who was
responsible for the hostilities Is a mat
ter which cannot be determined now.
4
Gen. Mihailovich is a Regular Army
officer. Hence, he is loyal to his gov
ernment and to young King Peter
On the other hand, the Partisans OF
Marshal Broz are definitely opposed to
the Kings government-in-exile, and
being a creation of the Moscow govern
ment before the Comintern was dis
solved, are on record as wanting to sup
Evening star., 1943-12-11

from the CHG reserve. Army troops
include the heavier types of artillery,
specialist engineer, signal, medical and
ordnance units chemical units, trains,
military police and others.
For each division, then, you can count
on from 5000 to 1000 corps troops,
and perhaps 5000 army troops. There
also will be good many units in the
CHG reserve, in any force which in
cludes more than one army-troops
which are held directly under the hand
of the commander in chief and assigned
to armies only as necessary
Finally, there will be a certain num-
ber of line communications troops-port
battalions Of the quartermasters and
engineers, labor units, guard units and
others.
Therefore it is good guess to as
sumo that In any large command there
will be about as many officers and men
who do not belong to divisions as there
will be officers and men actually within
the divisional organizations. That Is
why 1t Is better to estimate fighting
power IN terms of the number Of di-
visions that the command actually can
put IN the line, and not In numbers of
men. But 1t is also why any estimate
OF strength which does not take into
account those non- divisional elements
is just 100 per cent wrong.
So please, friends. If you must transr
late divisional figures into numbers Of
troops, multiply by 10000 and not BY
$4,000 when you are talking about
United Nations forces not yet seriously
engaged in battle. When. you are talk
ing about units that have been a 1one
time at the front. cut this estimate by
at least Is per cent. When you are
talking about German troops, where
the size of all units has been materially
reduced. multiplier Of l5,0O0-2o, 900 u
not far wrong-not because the Ger
mans don't have corps, army and GHQ
troops. but because their divisions are
now much smaller than ours, and their
specialist formations are also consid.
erably below normal strength.
Evening star., 1943-12-11

investment has not attracted sum-
cient private capital in the past, it
Is doubtful that any new incentive
will be there in the future. Public
housing seems the only answer.
After all the years OF discussion and
study, by Washingtonians. of the
proper remedy and the final agree
ment on the Alley Dwelling Act, it is
difficult to understand why those
who have genuine interest in the
elimination Of Washington alley
dwellings and the slums which they
have created want to start out all
over again by the backward step of
destroying the National Capital
Housing Authority.
Incidentally, the letter printed to-
day and referred to above is not an
accurate Interpretation of The Star
editorial which prompted it.
Evening star., 1943-12-11

eighteen assemblies Of representa-
tive men to confer on the affairs of
one or more nations" in about two
centuries. Among the chief con-
crosses of Europe" during that period
were those of Munster, 1913; Ryswick,
1897; Utrecht, 1713; scissors, 1923;
Antwerp, 1898; Chatillon, 1914; AK
la-Chapelle, 1918; Carlsbad, 1919;
Laybach, 1921; Verona, 1922; Frank
fort, 1868, and Constantinople, 1878.
The festivities in Vienna in 1914 were
especially exciting-as Americans
who remember the beautiful movie,
"The Congress Dances" will agree.
So, too, there was pageantry and
gayety at Paris in 1856 and at Berlin
twenty-five years later. Even at
Versailles in 1919 some persons were
well-fed and happy.
But the modern world appears to
lack the imaginative genius which
is required for putting on really
big show. To illustrate the contrast,
read these words concerning the
Field of the Cloth of Gold at the
place between Guines and Ardes
where Henry VIII of England met
Francis I Of France in 1920:
A temporary palace. covering an
area of nearly $4,000 square yards,
had been erected for Henry. It was
decorated sumptuously and, like the
chapel, furnished with a profusion
of golden ornaments. The size of
Henry's following may be gathered
from the fact that in one month 1900
sheep and other viands in similar
proportion were consumed. In the
fields beyond the castle, 1890 tents
were erected for less distinguished
visitors. After Cardinal Wolsey had
visited the French King at Ardres,
the two monarchs met at the Val
Dore, spot midway between the two
camps, on June 7. The subsequent
tournaments, banquets and enter
tainments lasted until the oath.
At Hampton Court there is
painting, alleged to have been exc
cuted by Vincenzo Volpe, showing
the whole tremendous scene In
meticulous detail. The picture is
reproduced with royal permission in
the ninth volume of the fourteenth
edition Of the Encyclopedia Britain
MICA
Evening star., 1943-12-11

permanent COInmltCee on FINANCE ana
Taxation, set up by the Advisory
Council.
Mr.. Taft is convinced that the polit-
ical issues of the 1914 campaign are
domestic. There will be no issue what
ever between the Republican and Dem
cratic parties over the war. The first
plank in any party platform. he insists,
will be to win the war. Nor does Mr..
Taft believe that there will be much
difference between the two parties on
the question of the political reorgeni-
zation OF the world after the war. For
these reasons, the Ohio Senator insists
the campaign will be won or lost on
the home front.
He points out that the administra-
ton which the election of 1914 places
in control will have the power to make
over America. During its tenure OF
Office, the country, it is expected. will
emerge from war conditions. Its whole
economic structure will have to be re-
vamped Industry will have to trans
form from war to peace aims. The
question of governmental controls.
which necessarily have been exercised
during the war, over the ordinary af-
Evening star., 1943-12-11

Transocean Agency said today that the
United States and Britain have con-
centrated at least so infantry, tank and
air-borne divisions-750,000 men-in the
British Isles for an invasion Of Western
Europe this winter or spring" The
figure 10000 men is, of course, the
American correspondents interpreta-
ton of the German statement Of so
divisions. He is translating 1t for us
In terms of men.
But he is translating 1t wrong. If
there is an army of so divisions as
sembled in the British Isles. 1t is twice
that big. It is an army of about 1,50o, 900
men.
They all do it. I mention one ex-
ample; could give a hundred, every
news agency does It, Most newspapers
do it. Most radio commentators do it;
excepting those whose speciality Is mill
tary affairs, and who, therefore, know
better.
And 1t isn't so.
This is the reason why 1t isn't 50.
You might not 60 far aheld In guess
ing the average strength Of Q division
about to be launched into battle for the
Evening star., 1943-12-11
Placing the Blame

In his letter printed in today's
Star, as in his report to the Fedora
tion OF Citizens Associations, the
chairman of the Federation's Com
mittee on Housing and Rent Control
places major emphasis on the Ma
tional Capital Housing Authority's
failure to rid Washington Of its in
habited alleys within the ten-year
schedule of the Alley Dwelling Act
Of 1884. Estimating the number of
alleys at 200, he suggests that the
NCHA completed only 7 per cent of
its task before the war stopped fur
ther work in this field. by which
time it was "by law required" to
have completed 10 per cent.
The law creating the Alley Dwell
ing Authority (now the NCHA) pro-
vided that the alley dwellings should
be cleared "it possible" by July /,
1914. But as the NCHA lacked the
funds, it was obviously impossible for
1t to complete It's task. It is as un-
reasonable to hold the NCHA re-
sponsible for this failure as it would
be to expect Congress to enforce
another provision of the same law,
which says that "On and after July
/, 1914, it shall be unlawful to use or
occupy any alley building or struc-
ture as dwelling in the District of
Columbia"
The failure, of course, was the
failure to carry out, with liberal
appropriations, loans or grants. the
fine purposes of the Alley Dwelling
Act. That failure should not be mis-
represented now as cause for the
liquidation of the NCHA and it is re-
grettable that this has been done,
for 1t weakens what was no doubt
intended to be a helpful. report,
worthy Of the Federation. A fairer
appraisal OF NCHA's alley clearance
activities would lie in examining the
nature of its work under difficulties
and the soundness of its investments
of public funds in that field.
The alleys have been with us for
over seventy years. The war has
increased the scandal of their exist
ence. We have learned from ex-
perience in the First World War that
eviction Of the alley tenants or de-
molition Of the alleys alone is not
tho answer. That work must be
accompanied by provision Of substi-
tute housing, and as this type Of
Evening star., 1943-12-11
Letters to The Star
Teheran Conference Praised
For Battling Nazis,

Teheran Conference Praised
For BafF1ing Nazis.
To the Editor Of The Star:
The wisdom OF the conference in
Teheran is SO great and implicit that
1t must have bafaed the obtuse thinking
Nazis.
The conference evidently settled three
points of paramount Importance. The
first, and most important in logic and
time, Is the eo-ordinated plan of de-
feating the Nazi war machine. The
second is the responsibility Of the great
powers for the peace Of the world after
the war. The third is the re-af1irma-
tion of the principles of the Atlantic
charter.
Much to the chagrin of the Nazis,
the three leaders did not address them
selves to the people of Germany over
the heads of the Nazi leaders. This
confirms the viewpoint that there is no
distinction between the German people
and the Nazi leaders.
To the further chagrin of the Nazis,
the three leaders did not reiterate
the words: Unconditional surrender"
Why repeat that? It is a definitely
settled issue:
ALEXANDER s. W1NNETT.
Evening star., 1943-12-11

who has led the Serbian Chetniks in
guerrilla warfare against the Axis for
10 months, will rate little, If any, war
material from the Allies.
The American viewpoint as expressed
by the State Department is that this
Government will lend assistance to all
nations or groups within q nation which
are effectively fighting the Germans.
Gen. Mihailovich, who was highly
commended last January by Gen. Eisen-
hover for his fighting ability, has been
relatively inactive recently. According
to certain military Observers his in
activity had been approved by the Allied
high command. He is said to have been
advised to keep his forces together and
strike at the Nazis in cooperation with
an Allied landing operation in the Bal
kans.
The porticapc uhO have heap or-
Evening star., 1943-12-11
Attacks Star Editorial
On Retaining the NCHA.


(See EDITORIAL: "Plucino the Blame.")
TO the Editor Of The Star:
Apparently the editorial policy of The
Star, regarding housing in Washington,
is based on feeling rather than fact.
The editorial, "A Misdirected Criticism"
was an amazing departure from the
traditional Star policy of careful con-
sideration of facts before expression of
opinion.
To uphold the NCHA on the basis
OF the war intervening to interrupt its
work OF slum clearance is to ignore COM
pletely the record For your informa-
tion copy of the Report on Slum
Reclamation and Low-Cost Housing"
adopted by the District of Columbia
Federation of Citizens Associations,
which apparently inspired the editorial
to be written, is inclosed Your atten-
ton Is called to the fact that in the
seven-year period before the war, from
1884 to l941, only IA squares OF inhabited
alleys in Washington were cleared out
OF approximately 200 such squares. This
work was done by the ADA, which is
now known as the NCHA. 1t is stressed
further that this was the seven years
prior to the war when the work of
clearing alleys was by law required to
be 10 per cent completed. However,
we find that only 7 per cent of the
work was actually completed Therefore,
the excuse of the war intervening is
not valid and is very poor ground on
which to substantiate a leading editorial
in The Star. I'm sure the citizens will
be amazed to find The Star In such a
position.
From the foregoing fact is there any
wonder that those interested in clearing
Washington slums should wish some new
machinery set up to do the job?
A second depression from traditional
Star policy is the ignoring Of the reports
recommendation to set up local agency
to clear slums in place of NCHA and
to give Washington businessmen the
same advantages to construct low-cost
housing as enjoyed by public housing
agencies. The idea Of solving the prob
lem through a local agency certainly is
in keeping with all the arguments set
forth by The Star for suffrage in WASH
ington. Does The Star now doubt its
citizens are capable of solving their own
problems?
In the closing paragraph of the edi-
torial 1t states the NCHA has the cnly
program presented for slum reclamation
and loW-cost housing. We dispute this
statement on the ground that the NCHA
has no program. except a request for
sl00,00O,000 to clear 10000 substandard
houses in Washington. which are not
definitely located or described. Fur
thermore, a close scrutiny of the reports
recommendations will disclose a very
carefully worked-out plan for slum rec
lamation and low-cost housing.
1t is also to be clearly understood
that no influential elements Of the con-
struction industry had anything to do
with the framing Of the report of the
Federation. This inference is not ap-
preciated by the citizens as they are
quite capable Of forming their own opin-
ions on the subject of a great public
need and Of a grave miscarriage of
duty, without help from any one.
JOS. H. DECKMAN
Chairman, Housing and Rent Control
Committee. District of Columbia
Federation of Citizens Associa-
tions.
Evening star., 1943-12-11

reached on military operations. These
agreements apply to both scope" and
timing" That is far different from
the American declarations Of summer
before last, in which we agreed on the
urgency" of a second front, then
stopped dead. We then felt, in short.
that while it was admittedly urgent to
make a second front, 1t was somehow
even more urgent not to make one. We
have now, at Teheran. set size on our
coming operation. and put date to 1t.
+ X
That is enough to make the Teheran
statement historic. The observer will
feel disappointment in the Teheran
Evening star., 1943-12-11
Other Occasions

At first thought, the conference at
Teheran may have seemed a pro-
digiously fancy occasion. The thirty
four toasts reported to have been
drunk at the banquet suggest a lot
of eating also. It is admitted that
there was good deal of ceremony
about the first meeting of President
Roosevelt, Prime Minister Churchill
and Premier Stain. But to those
who are familiar with the history
Of such gatherings the recent doings
in the capital Of Iran were simplicity
itself.
Harper's Book Of Facts" refers to
Evening star., 1943-12-11
Theuter Of War

Upon blasted, Uind- -blo,Dn hill
The ddy-11o1D breaking Udrm and
red
Reveals soldier cold and still
And smiling yet though dead
A boy-ro older than nineteen,
Clothed only by the morning sun,
That filters round, and in between
The ,Dreckage OF gun.
Sole actor of a grueson1e stage
Whose toys he ,Diu not need again
His act the epic OF an age ..
The title .. Ddr's amen.
ALLAN MARLBOROUGH, r. N,
Somewhere at sea.
Evening star., 1943-12-11

date. That is what
the declaration says.
I do not see that it
is necessary to 60
into it with a divin-
ing rod and a den-
lists burr to probe
for deeper meanings.
The Teheran state
ment ends the sec
ond from t debate.
The quarrel over the
second front has
been going on for
two years. 1t is over
n W. &c o m pl e t e
agreement" has been
Evening star., 1943-12-11

which Is still ShrOud-
ing that momentous
meeting.
The United States
and Britain decided
to announce almost
simultaneously that
henceforth they will
recognize Marshal
'Josip Broz, head Of
the Partisans, as the
principal leader Of
the Yugoslav forces
which are fighting
the NaZis In South
eastern Europe. Gen.
Ira ia Mihai10Vich
Evening star., 1943-12-11

issues OF the COM
ing national political
campaign Is author
itative and intensely
1 n t e r esting. The
Senator from Ohio
is both hard work.
ing and constructive.
He was chairman of
the Temporary Com
mittee on Domestic
Issues at the Mack
mac Island meeting
of t h e Republican
P O S twar Advisory
Council. He is now
c h man OF the
Evening star., 1943-12-11

the newspaper pro-
fession, editors, re-
write men, foreign
correspondents, and
so on. please to stop
interpreting figures
of so many divisions
in terms of 900
men per division
period.
1t just doesn't
work out that way.
I've just seen a
United Press story
from London which
b ins as fol-
lows. "The German
Evening star., 1943-12-11

The Teheran Conference, 1t Is de-
clared. has established a pattern
of victory" Like the design OF a
Persian rug, however, its details can
not be read" by everybody.
Evening star., 1943-12-11

We're going to see lot of figures
about armies from now on.
So this article is written as kind
of plaintive appeal to all my friends in
Evening star., 1943-12-11
I'd Rather Be Right

The plain meaning OF the Teheran
declaration is that the conferees have
agreed on military operations, but have
laid political questions over to a later
Evening star., 1943-12-11

While the agreements reached at
Teheran will not be revealed for long
time, statements Of the last few days
have lifted a tiny corner of the veil
Evening star., 1943-12-11

Senator Taft of Ohio, writing in the
current issue of the Saturday Evening
Post, lays down 1874 program for the
Republicans" His discussion of the
Evening star., 1943-12-11

The Partisans, who have been or