davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-01-13
Small Business Faces
Long, Hard Fight for
Survival, |ckesS Says
Warns Thut War Can Be
Crushing Blow Unless
Little Man Is Protected
BY CARTER BROOKE JONES.

Secretary of Interior Ickes told
the Senate Small Business Com
mittee today that sit will take
men Of hard intentions and
strong determination to protect
and assure the future of Amer
ica's small business.
I'VE face the brutal fact that the
war can be the final, crushing blow
to small business as you and 1 have
known it." he added.
Pointing out that I'VE are fighting
to preserve our free ways of living"
he said, I'VE must guard against the
loss of traditional freedom of enter
prise, loss that would result in
creating dictatorship by few cor
porations and cartels over our jobs
and the REIMBURSEMENT thereby of
our individual freedom of living.
I'VE can clearly see the trends
the major proportion of war produc-
ton contracts going to a few large
corporations, the hundreds of small
businesses closing down for lack of
work, for lack of material, for lack
Of outlets for the many talents de-
veloped over many years of hard
struggle.
Sees Job for Small Business.
"The war reminds us that billion
dollar orders to billion-dolla corpo-
rations may fire too few cannon;
that, therefore, no mans aid is too
small to be spurned. Cannon and
shell are made of the metals of our
mineral ore, not of dollars and
orders. But these needed ores lie in
the ground beyond the application
OF all of the mining and fabricating
talents of whole people.
THE fundamental fact and prob
lem that we face is that both
mineral resources and business
talents lie idle. They must be
brought together. In this aspect,
small business, mineral ores and
metals compose one problem"
When he was questioned by men,
bers of the committee, Mr.. Ickes
criticized the War Production Board
for failing to approve projects for
development Of domestic manganese,
chrome and antimony, which the
Interior Departments Bureau of
Mines had recommended.
Urges Pressure for Materials.
Mr.. Ickes said these enterprises
"bogged down" in the WPB. He
mentioned particularly the devel-
opment of manganese from the low
grade ore found abundantly in GER
tain sections of the West. Quoting
from letter in which War Produc-
ton Chief Donald M. Nelson has
said that I'VE shall never know how
much material we really can mus
ter until the pressure is even great
er than it is today" Mr.. Ickes added
that he was glad Mr.. Nelson had
seen the light" and he hoped
others at WPB would soon.
AS the Secretary saw it, small
business is needed to get ores out
of the ground and to fabricate
(See SMALL BUSINESS, Page A-4)
Evening star., 1943-01-13
Hornet Carried Toxic Raiders,
Jops Say in Report of Sinking
Destruction Of Aircraft Carrier Declared
Revenge for Attack on Capitol April 18

The sinking Of the Hornet was
revenge for the raid" the Toxic
radio said, adding that "our i'm
perial air units have been concen-
trating on this ship"
OWL commented that Toxic In
this way sought to exploit the
Washington announcement of the
Hornets end.
Toxic also gave some indication
of how deeply the Toxic attack, led
by Brig. Gen. (noW Maj. GEN.
James H. Doolittle, rankles the jap
anese, Owl said. The broadcast
said the date of April 10 "can never
be forgotten by the 100,000,000 jap
anese people"
This broadcast was not on any
program beamed to the United
States. the monitors said.
Evening star., 1943-01-13
Germans Indicate
New Major Drive
By Red Forces
BY the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
BERLIN (From German
Broadcasts), Jan. 13.-Violent
fighting on the Russian front
has spread to the sector between
Lake linen, Lake Ladoga and
Leningrad, German military
quarters announced today.
They commented that thus
heavy fighting is in progress
along almost the entire eastern
front. Russian attacks outside
Leningrad and south OF Lake
Ladoga failed, they asserted.
This may indicate that the
Russians have opened a new
major offensive. Several times
in recent months the Germans
have been first to report the
launching of Red Army drives,
with Moscow withholding an
nouncement until they are we'll
under way.
Evening star., 1943-01-13
Enemy Plane Bombs
j. .PositionsNe
GuadaIcanaI Field
One Dead, Several Hurt;
Mundo Again Attacked
By American Flyers

The Navy reported today that
an enemy plane dropped five
bombs on United States posi-
tions near Henderson Field on
Guadalcanal Island January II,
killing one member of our forces
and Wounding several.
This was the same day in which
force of American planes encoun-
tered IL Japanese Zeros between
Santa Isabel Island and New Geor-
gia Island and shot down one at the
cost of one of our planes. Observ-
ers believe these planes had come
from the new Japanese airf1eld at
Munda and that one may have got
ten through to Guadalcanal to drop
the five bombs.
First Bombing in Month.
The bombing was the first in the
area since December 13. At that
time one plane dropped three bombs
Today's communique also said
that a force of Martin Marauder
medium bombers. escorted by Bell
Airacobra and Lockhead Lightning
fighters, bombed the Munda field on
New Georgia Island today. No air
opposition was encountered, but
anti-aircraft batteries were active.
Results of the bombing were not re-
ported, and all United States planes
returned to their base.
Small-scale offensive operations
designed to mop up the remaining
Japs in the Guadalcanal hills "are
progressing satisfactorily, the COM
munique said. adding that several
small positions have been isolated.
The lone plane which got through
to Guadalcanal obviously was aim
ing its bombs for Henderson Field,
but missed. The bombs landed
in an area southwest of the field.
The constant bombing OF the
Munda ground installations is de-
signed to prevent the Japanese from
using that field for attacks on Quad
alcanal, like the one reported to-
day. 1t had been feared also that
should the Munda airfield become
an active operating base, long
range bombers from other ports
might pick up fighter escorts as
they passed over Munda, which is
180 miles northwest of the Guadal-
canal Field,
Evening star., 1943-01-13
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
LONDON, Jan. 13.-A. v. Alex
ander, first lord Of the Admiralty
declared today that although
we have had heavy losses in air
craft carriers, we have more now
than we had at the beginning OF
the war after replacing our
losses"
britain has announced the
loss Of five aircraft carriers, the
Ark Royal, Courageous, Glorious,
Hermes and Eagle.
(Since the start Of the war she
has completed the Indomitable,
Formidable, Victorious and Illus
THOUSAND, from Mr.. Alexan-
der's statement, apparently also
has added the new Indefatigable
and Implacable to the fleet.
James Fighting Ships listed them
Evening star., 1943-01-13

mans were forced to retreat, Izvestia
reported.
The Don offensive was hampered
by the cold wind which howled
across the snow-piled steppes. The
progress here was slower. than in
parts of the Caucasus, but the Rus
slams were reported pressing ahead
at steady enough pace to prevent
the enemy from regrouping shat
tered divisions.
In the close quarter fighting in
Stalingrad the Red Army made an
important gain by thrusting forward
from a northern factory district to
the western outskirts of the city.
Long-range guns on the east bank
of the Volga continued to shell Ger
man Judgements on the west bank
around Stalingrad as the Russians
kept up their pressure on the Ger
man forces which have been cut of
there from retreat to the west.
CThe Soviet noon communique
said several more populated
places fell to the Russian Cau-
casus army in the nights fight
ing and added significant re-
port: That Red Army planes had
swept far west to Krasnodar in a
series of raids on the airdrome at
that key German strongpoint and
rail center, $50 miles south of
Rostov and only go miles east OF
Novorossisk, on the Black Sea.
(Ten German planes were de-
stroyed on the ground, about 80
were damaged and two planes
were brought down in an aerial
duel, the communique said. 1t
was broadcast by the Moscow
radio and recorded in London by
the Soviet Monitor.
CA German tank advance in
the lower Don area was thrown
back in vicious fighting and sew
eral towns were occupied in one
sector, the war bulletin said)
More Points Captured.
The Soviet midnight communi.
que pictured the far-fung GEN.
trail Caucasus advance as moving
steadily along both sides of the rail-
way that angles from Baku, oil cen.
ter on the Caspian, northwestwarc
to Rostov, at the mouth of the Don
near where the river splits to flow
into the Sea of AZov Is miles below
the city limits.
The recapture of six more points
(See RUSSIAN, Page A-20)
Evening star., 1943-01-13
BY the Associated Press.

~ VIC hSoOCldIeQ fTeSS.
NEW YORK, Jan. ia Jap
anese broadcast asserted today
that the United States aircraft
carrier Hornet, identified Mon
day by the American Navy as the
aircraft carrier sunk October 26
in the battle of the Santa Cruz
Islands, was the vessel which
carried the planes that raided
Toxic last April 18.
The broadcast, beamed for Japa-
nese communities in East Asia, said,
without giving the authority, that it
was disclosed" that the Hornet
brought the North American bomb
ers during the attack on Japan"
The broadcast was reported by gov
ernment monitors to the Office of
War Information.
Evening star., 1943-01-13
Oil Quotas Considered
For Military Forces
And War Industries
Officials Plan Action
In Fear Situation Will
Become More Critical
(See PETRILLO, Page A-8.'
BY JAMES Y. NEWTON.

In an effort to solve the East's
oil problem, described as becom-
ing more desperate despite a
huge cut in civilian usage, high
Government officials are consid-
ering action to place definite
limits on the amount Of petrol
cum products that can be used
by the armed forces and war in
dustries, as we'll as on essential
transportation and civilian heat
ing, it was learned today.
The supply Of petroleum already
in the East and the amount which
reasonably can be expected to be
brought in from Southwestern fields
In the remaining winter months,
are now under careful scrutiny. AS
a result of this study, ALLEGATIONS
OF current and future supplies prob
ably'will be made soon to the vari-
GUS large categories of essential
users-the Army and Navy, indus
try, transportation and heating
based on rock-bottom needs.
Officials say that If limitations
are not set on the amount of
oil used by the armed services and
industry, the situation will become
more critical as the winter pro-
crosses. Unless action along this
line is taken quickly, they are fear
full that the health of civilians in
the East will be seriously menaced.
Under the ALLEGATIONS system, oil
for home heating would be held to
minimum needs, but people would
not be allowed to suffer.
Driving Ban Working Well.
Whether there are any further
cuts in gasoline rationing, it was
said, depends to a large degree on
the effectiveness of the current ban
on pleasure driving. officials feel
the ban is working we'll at this time,
in fact much better than had been
anticipated
The question Of limiting petroleum
users to fixed quotas now is under
discussion by the powerful War Pro-
duction Boards Requirements Com
mittee, headed by WPB Vice Chair
man Ferdinand Eberstadt, and in
cluding in its membership high
Army and Navy officials and heads
of other war agencies. The COM
mittee was described as working
with Petroleum Administrator for
War Ickes on the solution of the oil
problem.
Whatever action is taken, 1t was
said, there hardly can be any in
crease in the overall quantity OF oil
now being used for heating Eastern
homes, commercial and institutional
establishments. There will be in
dividual adjustment where dispro-
portionate cuts were made in hand
ing out rations. 1t may even be
necessary to cut commercial and
institutional users of heating oil
below the current As per cent OF
normal consumption, it was said.
Industrial Oil Problem.
The problem OF industrial use OF
oil, that is the oil used to run factory
machinery, will be tackled on a
priority basis. War and the most
essential civilian industries will be
placed at the top of the list.
Manufacturing plants regarded al
(see OH. Page A-sJ
Evening star., 1943-01-13
Bomb Damages Home
Of Writer Jean Giono
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
BERLIN (from German broad
casts, Jan. ia bomb exploded in
front Of the home of the French
writer and poet, Jean Giono. at
Manosque in the lower Alps Mon
day night, causing considerable
damage, but no one was injured,
Transocean reported today in
Vichy dispatch.
Giono was arrested after the war
began in 1889 because of his pacifist
views and "of late he has advocated
French German collaboration"
Giano was arrested September 16.
1899, by Premier Edouard Daladier's
war government for having made
what officials described as "defeatist
statements"
Evening star., 1943-01-13
Allied Planes Garry Drive
Into SoIomouo Area

ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN
AUSTRALIA, Jan. 13 (P.-Allied
ground forces in New Guinea re-
duced further the Japanese salient
extending ~ miles inland from
Sanananda Point on the Papuan
Peninsula of New Guinea yesterday
as Allied planes carried the tri-
umphant campaign to the Salamaua
area of New Guinea, Allied head
quarters announced today.
After announcing the destruction
of japanese positions at Sanananda
Point in the previous communique,
Gen. Douglas MacArthur's head
quarters reported today further
gains against the remaining enemy
positions"
Allied planes raided the trail lead
ing from Salamaua to Komiatum, 10
miles to the south, and destroyed
bridge, the communique reported.
ICaa DACTrTN Dooo AoI
Evening star., 1943-01-13
Arkansas Bill Would Bar
Jops From Owning Land
BY the Associated Press

BY the Associated Press.
LITTLE ROCK, Ark, Jan. ia
bill has been introduced in the
Arkansas General Assembly to pro-
hibit any person of japanese birth
or ancestry from ever owning land
in the State.
Senator D. Frank Williams, a
planter from Osceola, introduced
the measure in the Senate yesterday,
asserting that because "of the stand
ards of living of the Japanese peo-
pie, a white person cannot profitably
compete with the Japanese either in
agriculture or business"
Two relocation centers for Jap
anese, moved from the West Coast,
have been established in Arkansas.
Evening star., 1943-01-13

Previously he had said the union
would lift the ban on canned
music" If 1t could receive royalties
on all records sold.
Mr.. Petrillo would not agree, how
ever. to suggestion from Senator
Clark, Democrat. of Idaho that he
lift the ban against recorded music
during the progress of the negotia-
tions.
I'm satisfied this committee wants
quick action" the witness said.
Blu I've negotiated with these
people locally and nationally for
20 years. If they are permitted to
make records while the negotiations
(See pE~TpITJn Dooo A oI
Evening star., 1943-01-13
81 Nazi Planes
Ridd|ed in j. ).
Raid on Triipo|i
All American Craft
Return Safely Despite
Desperate Attacks
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press
ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN
NORTH AFRICA, Jan. 13.-Unit-
ed States warplanes destroyed "a
Nazi aircraft in the air and on
the ground in raid yesterday on
Castel Benito airfield, 10 miles
south of Tripoli, it was an
nOunced today.
Bit Flying Fortresses which led
the attack into Tripolitania from the
west knocked out 20 planes on the
ground and downed IA more during
blazing 75-mile running battle high
in the air, spokesman said.
It was the heaviest blow yet
struck by Allied forces from the
west against Marshal Erwin Rom
mels defenders of Tripolitania.
An Allied headquarters COM
munique which announced the raid
identified the IA planes shot down
as Messerschmitt 109's.
(This was the deepest reported
penetration into Libya by For
tresses based in the west. Other
American bombers, BPS Martin
Marauders, made an attack last
Saturday against an airdrome 10
miles from Tripoli, possibly the
same field)
Nazis Fight Desperately. .
Apparently instructed to stop the
Fortresses at any cost, the Germans
avoided the escort of P-38 Lockheed
Lightnings and raced into the con-
centrated fire of the big four -motored
bombers.
Despite the enemy efforts, all Of
the American planes returned to
their base, although one plane came
home on only two motors two hours
after the others.
Air activity dominated day and
night warfare, as reports from the
ground fronts indicated only pa
trolling in the Bou Arada and Gou-
bella areas of Northern Tunisia.
The RATS Bisleys attacked the
Nazi supply line along the Tunisian
east coast near the port of Sousse,
ranging over the highways by
moonlight and blasting trucks and
transports with bombs and machine
gun fire.
Rommels Lines Pounded.
The Allied strategy of striking
Marshal Rommel from both sides
was operating like clockwork.
From the east the RAF and the
American Air Force with the British
9th Army pounded Rommels trans
port and supply lines leading
through Tripoli to Tunisia.
CA Cairo communique said to-
day that Tripoli and HONS, IS
miles farther east, were attacked
Monday night and that other
planes followed up yesterday
with raids on Axis air bases in
Sicily Crete and Lampedusa
Island)
Almost at the same time the
American Lightnings struck across
the Tunisian border into Tripoli-
tania in other attacks.
Sweeping close to the ground
above long line of Axis transport
vehicles, some of them crowded
with troops, the cannon and heavy
machineguns of the swift fighters
left trail of smoke and destruc-
ton.
An Air Force spokesman estimated
that at least so trucks were
destroyed, including five filled with
troops.
On the way back the Lightnings
shot up seaplane near Gabes and
battled with Messerschmitt 1O8s
which tried to intercept them.
In those dogf1ghts there ensued
the only American plane loss of the
day-one P-38 which was shot down.
At least one Messerschmitt was
damaged.
B-26 Martin Marauders topped off
the aerial show by scoring hit on
two bridges, one on a highway and
the other on road between Sousse
and Sfax.
Evening star., 1943-01-13

(See PACIFIC, Page A-8)
Evening star., 1943-01-13

(See DARLAN, Page ABB
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-11-27
The Party Line
BY MARIAN

Lakes recently after attending the
graduation Of her son VIM. H. Roby,
Jr., from the Naval Training center.
He is now stationed in California.
X X X
The c. B. Woodsons have interest
ing house guest again. Mrs. Lewis Is
over from Wellsville, Ohio, to visit
and see her daughter. Clarice, also
the Exalted Elk Ruler, j. Finley
Wilson was their guest as he was
here to speak at the new IL Horse
man Civic Center last week.
X X X
Mrs. Viola Penn who has enjoyed
visiting her sister. Mrs. Edgar Nc
Bryde. Jr.. had to 'leave for her
home in Atlanta, Ca. this week.
However, her stay here was a whirl-
wind of social happenings.
X X X
Geneva Mercomes is the lady Of
the week in party life. She, a prom
inent social worker and affiliated
with the local Red Cross, is going
to Washington and by. the middle
OF next week will be we'll on her
way abroad. Her friends have just
showered her with bon voyage par
ties.
X X *
Tuesday, Margrite Stephens Brazo
Of Owen avenue gave luncheon
for many of her friends. Then on
Friday Arnett Burwell and Mable
Hale Of Alger avenue were hostess
to a bon voyage shower. and Esth-
er LAMAR and FloSsie Williams,
Saturday night hostess. It was
grand send-off for fine personality.
X X X
Mr.. and Mrs. I. H. Boiler are hap
PLY settled in their new home on
Moore place, and were surprised by
friends with a housewarming and
in return they have surprised the
friends by having them over TO a
delightful turkey dinner.
II was a festive treat, Thanks
giving. and all the trimmings. Seat
ed around the pretty tab were Mr..
and Mrs. Heard. Mr.. and Mrs Rob-
inson, Mr.. and Mrs. Hayes, Mr.. and
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-11-27
HERE'S WHAT
BLACK AND WHITE
OINTMENT DOES:


]. Being antiseptic. helps guard
against infection due TO
scratching.
4. Helps nature In healing
through antiseptic- germicidal
action and stimulates granu-
lation, often lessening tho
sire Of scars
,. Helps relieve itching and
burning sensation when APP
Piled a. comforting dressing.
Read complete directions folder
in each package-and use Black
and White Ointment only as
directed. Be sure that you get
the original and genuine Black
and White Ointment in the
Black and White package, ia
nous from coast TO coast.
The SOC size OF Black and
White Ointment contains more
than twice as much as the 25t
size. Large bar Black and
White Skin Soap, 25t Trial
sizes Of both products sold for
l0t at all dealers.
When using soap for cleans
ing, do not use harsh soap.
Rely on mild Black and White
Skin Soap. Always insist on
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-11-27

Mrs. Judson Powell. Mrs. Donald
Thomas. Mr.. and Mrs. James Ben
son. Mrs. John Owen, Mrs William
H. Adams. Mrs. Ellen Gilbert, Mr..
and Mrs. George Hoagland. Mr..
and Mrs. Edw. Watkins, and Bev-
erley June, Corporal G.. Coote, Mr..
and Mrs. II. w. Holcomb, DR.. and
Mrs. w. A. Thompson, Mr.. and Mrs.
James v. Yancy, Mrs. Harry Mack,
Mrs. Horace Daniels. william r.
Hines. S. Wingfield, Calvin Will
liams. Arthur Jones. wally Simp-
son. Mrs. A. z. Gaskill, Constance
Jordan, Mrs. Jethro Mosely, Lieu
tenant J. Elsberry, Mr.. and Mrs
Harry Curtis, Mr.. and Mrs. L. Egg
lesion, Mr.. and Mrs. Charles Jack
son, Horace G.. Sneed, Attorney J.
Craigen, Mr.. and Mrs. H. S. Stewart
DR.. and Mrs. Garnett Ice, Mr.. and
Mrs. Lincoln Gordon, and scores OF
others. q
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-11-27
Theodore Sherman. and Eugene
Hambe.
Mrs. Edward Ward PLAYS

Hambe.
Mrs. Edward Ward Plays
Mrs Edward Ward played the or
gan, preceding the ceremony. act
ing as accompanist for Miss Ruth
Brown. who sang, and finally swell
ing into the triumphant strains OF
the bridal procession.
A reception followed the cere-
mony. II was held in Fellowship
Hall OF Berea church. Fall NUNS in
terspersed with pink gladioli COM
prised the floral motif. at the recep-
ton.
The dashing young lieutenant and
his pretty bride left Immediately
following the reception for honey
moon. destination unknown.
For travel, Mrs. Gault, chose a
green wool ensemble with black
accessories. At her shoulder she
wore an orchid taken from her
bridal bouquet. Lieutenant Gault, a
graduate Of Wilberforce, is stationed
at Fort Sill, Okla. The bride is a
graduate Of Wayne university, ma
joring in business administration.
She is a member Of Iota Phi Lamb
da sorority.
Guests Included
Among the guests at the wedding
and reception were seen: Helene
Douglas, M. Elizabeth Robinson.
Nancy Curtis. Yvonne Greenlee,
Marjorie Milton. Claudine Killen,
Alma Griffin, Alice Coote, Connie
Baker, Johnnie Mae Fritz, Phyllis
Dryden, Linnell Harberd, Lottie
Lovejoy. Mrs. Anna M. Bankhead,
Rose Richardson, Martha H. Wood,
Novella Hamlar, Dorothy Quarker,
Betty Griffin, Faye NJ. Guest. Jua-
nita Parnell, Maxine Broyles. Odelia
NJ Wesley. r. Louise Grooms.
Elizabeth Annette, Jonella Price,
Ruth Brown. Reverend J. f. Ray,
Mrs. B. H. Wright, Lillian Mimms,
Alberta Lightfoot, Barbara Gordon.
Luther Flanagan, James Eta Ben
son. Mrs. Elizabeth Simmons, Mr..
and Mrs. George Franklin. Dorothy
Byrd, Dr. and Mrs. II. Z. Thomp-
son, Mrs. J. Prather, Jr., Reverend
and Mrs. Trsumell, M. X. Fritz,
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1943-11-27
Surprise Party
Honors Inksterite

The home of Mr.. and Mrs. Will
liam Plunkett. 1880 Harrison Road.
Inkster. was the scene of sur
prise birthday party In honor of
Mrs. Plunkett last week. Mr.. Plum
kett solicited the cooperation Of his
mother in keeping the whole thing
a secret. in which he succeeded
completely. A very delicious menu
was served and many lovely gifts
were received by the honoree.
Guests included: Elijah Campbell,
A. c. Jefferson, w. c. Dansby. Gus
Wiley. Mr.. and Mrs. Sam Smith,
Mr.. and Mrs. Thomas Graham, Mr..
and Mrs. Samuel Reid. Mr.. and
Mrs. Charles Roland. Mr. and Mrs.
Theodore Jamison, Mr. and Mrs. c.
Lane, Mr.. and Mrs. J. James. j.
Henderson. c. Curry. u. McCeene,
VIM. Myers. E. Pace. Villa Stacey.