davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-11-03
B-24's Double us Fighters

Big bruisers of the bombing forces slugged
it out in a plane-to- plane doghght far out
over the Atlantic, according to reports from
the First AAF Bomber Command
Twin Wasp-powered Consolidated Liber-
ators on antl-submarine patrol found Focke-
Wulf kuriers, Germany's most powerful
bombers. raiding a convoy
One Lberator drove between two F-Ws
and traded blow for blow until it was forced
down. One of the Kurers crashed minute
later. Seamen in the convoy claim they saw
the other fall shortly afterwards
Another Liberator filled Kurier so full of
lead that it was last seen lmping into clouds
and rain at $50 feet altitude, one engine
smoking and all guns silenced.
The fourth Focke-Wulf escaped into the
clouds for nearly an hour, but third Liber-
ator stalked it, shot off a wing, sent it crash
ing into flames
Evening star., 1943-11-03
Two-Stage Work Began in 1929

Engineers sawthatcoming operations at
extremely high attitudes would require more
power than could be provided by single
stage supercharger. In May, 1929, Pratt &
Whitney began preliminary studies on a two
stage, two-speed supercharger with two inn
pellers. 1t was moved into the proec class in
March, 1888, and was first fight-tested on
September E, 1885. Experimental engines
were shipped in the fall OF 1886 Then came
the installation in production types-the
Wildcat, Coronado, Corsair and Hellcat.
The two-stage supercharger developed by
Pratt & Whitney and the Navy is driven by
the engine and is called the mechanical type
The new North American Psi with its
liquid-cooled engine now uses another version
of the two-stage mechanical supcrcharger.
An entirely different type OF two-stage
supercharger is the turbo supercharger,
developed under Army sponsorship, in
which the initial stage is driven by hot ex-
panding exhaust gases. This type is used
IN the Twin Wasp powered Consolidated
Lberator, the four engined Boeng Flying
Fortress, the liqud-cooled Loclheed Light
ming fighter and the new Republic Thunder
bolt fighter with its 200O-horsepower Double
Wasp engine.
Until recently, the United States was the
only country to have two-stage engines in
combat. These American types now have been
joined by the latest version of the British
Spltfre fighter.
Evening star., 1943-11-03

Japs northward through the Solomons to the
important japanese landing strip at Munda.
Two and one-half days after the field was
seized, ia was operating its Corsairs from
former Nipponese airbases. The squadron
was relieved sometime after the Munda VIC
tory had been assured.
High scorer Of the squadron is First Lieu
tenant Kenneth A. Walsh. His record of 20
Jap planes shot down and several more prob
abes makes him Americas Number Two
Ace 50 far in this war
Corsair Named "Whistling Death"
The squadron brought back new name for
its Corsalr fighter When the speedy Corsair
trst went into action against enemy Zeros, it
was explained, the Japanese pilots described
it as "Whsting Death" The Corsar is pow
cred by big Pratt & Whitney Double Wasp
engine and equipped with Hamilton Stand
ard Hydromat1c propeller.
Another Marine Corsair squadron also
returned recently to this country, it was dis
closed last month. This was the famous Wolf
Pack, which brought back record of SO Jap
anese planes destroyed against the loss of one
Corsair. The Wolf Pack is here to pass along
its combat knowhow to Corsair fedglings
still in training. Following the Marine and
Navy policy of having combat-trained men
teach new fiers to ensure the best possible
instruction, Wolf Pack battle veterans will
school trainees in the latest Jap tricks.
Down Japs in Flames
1t was the Wolf Pack that helped turn the
tide of battle toward an Allied victory at
Rendova Island. With the sun at their backs
Corsair pilots plummeted from 10000 feet
to attack Jap planes and send them plunging
ablaze into the ocean. At one time, twelve
Japanese planes were blazing in the air ST.
multaneously, Another Corsar streaked
straight through the ack-ack screen OF U. S
destroyer to erase a Jap torpedo plane as il
bored in toward the destroyer.
Wolf Pack pilots expressed the wish te
visit the Vought plant at Stratford, Conn.
| and to tell the men and women who are build
ing the Corsair the important part they art
| playing in knocking off the Japanese in th'
South Pacific. And Id like to tell them t.
keep the Corsars coming" one said.
Evening star., 1943-11-03

Air combat is no longer the hit or miss
dog fighting of 1918 according to company
engineers who study air combat Today it's
split-second action, requiring speed, speed,
and more speed To get speed requires power; !;
to use it effectively requires maneuverablity
and stamina. The Thunderbolt, with its high
ly supercharged 2,000-horsep power Pratt &
Whitney engine, has outstanding speed at
extreme attitudes, and the sturdy construc-
ton to Withstand the terrific stresses at those
speeds.
With production at the main plant here
reaching new highs and being greatly in
creased by the fast-moving assembly lines at
the new Republic plant in Evansville Indiana,
the Double Wasp-powered Thunderbolts are
now carrying the Armys maj fighter as
signment over Western Europe and coming
into action in the Australian theatre.
AnVERTISENFNr
Evening star., 1943-11-03
Pratt & Whitney Speeds
Major Retoo|ing Job

EAST HARTFORD, CoNN.-To go into
quantity production of new, bigger radal air
cooled engines with the increased horsepower
so urgently required by the Army and Navy,
Pratt & Whitney Aircraft division of United
difficult process of changeover and retoollng,
it was announced by General Manager H.
Mansfield Horner.
"Ihroughout the war emergency until very
recently" Mr.. Horner said, I'VE had the prob
lem of building up production of current
models. This was a tough job We licked it
by real teamwork. We are now faced with an
even more difficult problem We must change
our production over from todays models to
larger, more complicated types and build up
to a 500 greater output than at present, with
only minor drop in total horsepower output
during the changeover period.
This is vitally necessary to the war effort"
he explained, so that our Army and Navy
air forces can obtain as quickly as possible
the higher powered Pratt & Whitney engines
that are needed for the new models of fight
ers and bombers to maintain our present
marked combat superiority over the .Japs and
Nazs. 1t is job that no one else can do for
us, but now that our automotive licensees
are rolling in quantity production of Our cur
rent models, it is Pratt & Whitneys duty to
again lead the world into the realm of still
higher engine horsepower and resulting i'm
proved airplane performance.
when the changeover is completed we
expect to set new worlds records for aircraft
engine production. 7 o meet our new schedules
we will have to build Our employment up
starting early next spring. to approximately
80 to 40To over the highest previous payroll If
the history of Pratt & Whitney Aircraft,
Mr.. Horner concluded.
Evening star., 1943-11-03
Corsuir Filler In One-Mon War

ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN THE
SOUTH PACIFIC-American Liberators
pounded Bougainville with 800 bombs in
daylight raid. But lone Marine fighter pilot
flying Vought Corsair almost stole the show.
He dipped his Corsair under the overcast and
started one-man war against Jap ships. He
left one barge sinking, strafed another and
set third barge a6re Banking sharply, he
made three passes at tugboat, severely
damaging it. Satisfied, he came home.
AnVERTTSFMENT
Evening star., 1943-11-03
P-47 Scores In Two Theatres

FARMINGDALE, L. l. Enthusiasm
here ran high as men and women along Re-
public Aviation's production lines learned
that their P-47 fighter is now starring in
two theatres of war.
From New Guinea came flash that the
PAS had gone into action against the Jap,
with brilliant results. In this encounter, four
Thunderbolt pilots tackled 81 Zeros, knocked
down eight, came home without a scratch.
From Europe came reports of Thunderbolts
escorting Fortresses and Liberators deeper
and deeper into industrial Germany
1t takes FIVE planes shot down to make an
ace. Col. N. E. Kearby shot down FIVE Japs
in one engagement, Republic workers here are
calling their Thunderbolt THE Ace Maker.
ADVERTISEMENT.
Evening star., 1943-11-03

schlhild Michigan
Igor
of
building military models
ing In Detroit Nash Kelnator
the Army under license from shorsky Aircraft
ADVERTISEMENT
Evening star., 1943-11-03
Army Rates Air-Lund Forces Equal;
Navy Amusses New Carrier Force
America. Fighting PIones Now Supreme, Must Not Be Froz
Soy. owl. Design Improvements To CONTINUE

has
designed
strength.
develop n Outstanding
with its ground forces.
Under Secretary Navy James " Foreal
rs-endm than 4combt will be n
Evening star., 1943-11-03
HoW's Your Air !. O.?

@. How many airlines cross the Cana
dian border?
A. Eight Northeast, Colonial, American,
Trans Canada, Northwest, Western Air,
United Air Pan American.
@. What is shuttle bombing"7
A. Allied bombers fly between British and
Mediterranean bases deposting loads on
Nazi-hed Europe en- route.
@. What is the box score of the USAAF
versus enemy aircraft!
A. From Pearl Harbor to September |,
| l943 Army planes definitely destroyed 1872
enemy planes against loss of 1867, accord
ing to OWL.
@. What is the total weight of bombs
| dropped by USAAF since Dec. 7, 1871?
A. 105649 tons (over two hundred mil
| lion pounds).
@. We're four-engine bombers used in
World War L?
A. Yes Igor l. Sikorsky built Is for the
| Russian Air Force.
@. What is the most powerful two
engined transport?
A. C-46 Curtiss Commando, with its two
| 20O0-hp Pratt & Whitney engines.
@. What is supercharging?
| A. Pumping air into an engine under pres
sure, to increase horsepower output, partic-
ularly at altitude. (See story on this page)
Evening star., 1943-11-03
Double Wasp Gulps Nine Tons an Hour

The supercharger, engineers explained
pumps air under pressure into an engine
This is necessary in high-altitude aircraft
engines because the higher the altitude the
thinner the air becomes and so more super
charging or pumping" is necessary
A 2,OOO-h horsepower Double Wasp at full
throttle gulps nine tons of air an hour, but at
10000 feet the engine must have four times as
much air by volume as at sea level to get its
nine tons. The supercharger does this by COM
pressing the air with whirling impellers
The idea OF supercharging IS not new The
first engine to go into production with a
single-stage supercharger built in as an in
tegral part of the engine was the original
Pratt & Whitney Wasp developed in 1925
1t was single-stage supercharger because it
had single impeler, and it made possible i'm
proved performance at altitude
Evening star., 1943-11-03
Planes Get Power
For Altitude War
Prott & Whitney Pioneered
Two-Stoge svperehoreer
Development

EAST HARTFORD, CoxN.-Pratt &
Whitney Aircraft began preparing for to-
days high altitude warfare IA years ago.
Because of experimental work begun in
1929, Pratt & Whitney engineers recalled
last month that this country entered the
war with the only fighter planes equipped
with two-stage superchargers which en-
abled their engines to deliver all the neces-
sary power as the airplanes climbed toward
the stratosphere
Pratt & Whitney began delivering produc-
ton model two-stage engines to the Navy in
May, 1910, the same month the aircraf it indus
try was called upon to supply $4,000 airplanes
The first airpane to go into combat with a
two-stage supercharger was the famous
Grumman Wildcat
The Navy's Consolidated Coronado was the
next to get this high altitude equipment. When
the Vought CorSalr went into action carly this
year with a horsepower Double Wasp
engine and two-stage Supercharger the Navy
had more power at altitude than ever before in
A fighter. This was followed recently by the
Grumman Helcat, also with the same two
stage Double Wasp engine
Evening star., 1943-11-03
(orsuir-F|ying Marines Take Control From Start
Returning Pilots Tell How They Used F4U
Fs Home for WeNEorned comino"

SAN DIEGO CANarne Fighting
of battle the of the Nays Vough
returned from the before new order
The brought
knocked 6S
ia and their
Islands The
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-01-25
Tro||eys Collide,
Il Persons Huri

Twenty-onc persons were hurt
early today on an caStbound DSR
>lreetear that crashed into the
rear of another in safety zone
At Vermont and Michigan avenues.
Mrs. Eva Davis. 80, OF 1890 Pine
street. a passenger, was held for
observation at Receiving Hospital
As were all the other injured, she
was released after first aid but
was readmitted for further exam
lnation after returning home.
Joshua White, y, of 1888 Nc
Dougall avenue, motorman of the
rear trolley. said he thought the
other car was IN motion when he
approached the safety zone. See.
ing il was not, he said. he applied
the brakes but they failed TO hold
White. who had been on the rur
since Monday was ticketed foI
reckless driving-thc third DSF
motorman 10 be so charged tins
week. lie suffered slight hand anc
LEG injuries.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-01-25
Cutter Missing
With 80 Aboard

WASHINGTON. Jan. % (UP)
The coast guard cutter Natsek
with an estimated crew of &c
aboard has been several weeks
overdue in the North Atlantic
and must be presumed lost, the
navy announced today.
The Natsek, of 225 gross tons
and 1l6 feet long, is the fourth
coast guard ship to he lost in
this war. Previously. the cutters
Hamilton. Acacia and Muskeeet
were lost.
Loss of the Natsek raised 10 7c
the number of American wal
vessels lost in the Atlantic anc
Pacific in this war. Counting -
noncombatant ships lost while il
the armed service the cutter.
sinking raised TO lot the grand
total of United States naval losse:
in the present conflict.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-01-25
30 Schools Compete
For .BaIOpy Prizes:
Parade I'D End Show
BY RAY HARRINGTON

OF Detroit numbering -. stage
their lalopy show parade
Baglcy street Wa, cleaned By
the department of public works.
The American Legion Districts A.
ISOLATION decorated the three-block
stretch with flags and scrap
posters.
The Times arranged an array
OF signs. T he ancient ialopies.
donated since the Times intensive
jalopy roundup began sin weeks
ago; the more than 80 high school
entries. and the army'S vehicles
made a gala picture for the jalopy
TO jeep' campaign
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-01-25
Milk Crisis Here
Ended by ThdW

\ forecast Of temperatures
above freezing and n rcsultan,
rapfr' trrav to-day frf-ru1izcd thc
threat OF "a Detroit milk shortage
During The last few day.
creamery trucks have been blocked
by drli'cd roads In outlying dis
tric's. With arcws clearing county
roads. Detroit diaries today re-
ported near normal supplies reach
ing The city.
No snow was forecast for the
next - hours Instead scattered
drizzlcS and temperatures ranging
to 80 degree. were expected
The predicted low tor tonight was
% degrees.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-01-25
The War Fronts

RUSSIA-N oroSh iloVEra d
ShcIlcd by Russian troops now
10 miles away. Page ID
NORTH AFRICA-Ejghth Army
captures TrIpolI SuCcS on ia
attempt 10 cut of Rommcls
tattercd troops 10 The west,
page - Allies repulsc two
prongcd German drive I'M
northeastern Tunl>ia lPg p
GERMANY British night re-
connaiSSance planes bomb
Cologne. Page p
NEW GUINEA Last organized
Japanese resistance IN Papua
crushed American bomberS
destroy four ships at Rabaul.
Page =
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-01-25
CONTINUED on Next Page, Col. %
Fake Major Suspect
Held on $1,000 Bond

John Karl Stroll "A. native born
German charged with impersonat-
ing a United States Army major.
today was placed under 5000
bond and held for action by
grand Jury after he waived hear
ing before United States Commits
Sioner J. Stanley Hurd.
Thomas p Thornton, assistant
United States attorney. said Stroh
had Christians cards made with
pictures OF himself In unirorE
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-01-25
CLOSE ON VoRoSHILoVGRAD

AS they closed in on Vorosnllov-
grad today, the Russians defeated
the one counterattack which the
Germans essayed, routing 1000
men supported by tanks. The Ger
mans lost eight tanks
On the SalSk front the Russians
were advancing down the Stain
grad-Tlkhoretsk railroad on Be-
laya China, 40 miles southwest Of
SalSk and 40 miles northeast of
TikhoretSk.
Yesterday the Russians took on
this front, konStantinovSk %
miles east Of RoStOv. near the
confluence Of the Don and DonetS,
and Novy Yegorik, 20 miles east
of SalSk.
In the north Caucasus the Rus
SLAMS during the night wiped out
two SquadronS Of enemy cavalry
tpcrhapS 1000 men who tIleu 10
defend tho approaches 10 d big
inhabited place.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-01-25
NAZIs ADMIT RETREAT

BERLIN. Jan. . German
broadcast, recorded by UP in New
Yorkl.-The German high COM
mand reported today that us
troops were engaged in heavy de-
fcnSive fighting on the Middle Don
and south OF Lake Ladoga and
were continuing their withdrawal
in the Northern Caucasus "ac-
Cording TO plan.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-01-25
Court Sets Hearing
'0n Mrs. Sales Will

Hearing on the will Of Mrs
Jessie c. Sales. wife OF the presi-
dent Of Murray W. Sales and Co.
was today set for March ! after
presentation in probate court
She left S25 900 in cash to her
son Carter, vice, president anC
treasurer of the company. 5000
to has wife Virginia. and 81 5Gt
10 her husband tor servants Tho
balance. including an estimated
$1,000 in real estate and persona
property was placed in two trusts
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-01-25
More Work, Less Creed --Rickenbacker
= Planes.
p Aboard
Missing

SAN FRANCISCO, Jan. %
tUP).-Army and navy aircraft
coastal vessels and ground parties
searched the California coastline
and inland territory today for two
navy transport planes missing
with 25 officers and enlisted men
aboard.
One was giant seaplane-car-
rying 10 officer passengers and a
crew Of nine from Pearl Harbor
which has been missing since
Thursday morning, when fog and
bad weather prevented a landing
near San Francisco.
The second plane, a cargo
transport, has been missing since
Thursday with its crew of three
officers and three enlisted men on
a flight from Winslow, AriZ., 10
San Pedro, Cal.
Names of the men aboard the
planes we're withheld.
The navy disclosed that there
had been no radio contact since
early Thursday morning with the
four-motored seaplane, which was
flying in the naval air transport
service.
The navy announced the two
planes were missing last night "A
hours after the army had re-
vealed that 80 persons had beer
killed in the worst aircraft dis
aster in American aviation. The
army transport crashed in Dutch
Guiana.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-01-25
Bowling Alleys Here
Free Of Fire Hazards

Detroit's 30 bowling alleys
have been cleared OF all fire haz-
ards Edward w. Hall. acting fire
marshal. announced today after
completing a two weeks inSpec-
ton OF the alleys.
Hall began his investigation
following a fire and explosion in
a Chicago alley where six persons
were killed lie said chief com
plant against the alleys was the
excessive storage ot lacquer and
thinner used 10 refnish pins.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-01-25
0PA Advances Date
OF No. a Oil Coupon

Near zero weather. which has
boosted fuel oil consumption close
to 80 per cent today caused the
OPA 90 set ahead by a week the
valid date for coupon 4 10 Fcbru-
any = Undcr the now arrangement
No VIII remain in force until
April r. The value OF coupon No
I VIII bc u gallons according 10
OPA Washington officials.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-01-25
S0viets She'll
Donets Base
10 Miles Off
Reds Capture SaIsk,
Big Maxi Air Center;
Advance in Caucasus
BY HENRY SHAPIRO
InIied Pres sian CnrreNpondent

MOSCOW. Jan. 23.-Red Army
artillery opened a bombardment
of Voroshilovgrad today while
storm troops drove on that rich
Donets Basin war industry and
mining city from lines only 1O
miles away.
On the southern front, the Rus
SLAMS advanced on Tikhorets, on
the main Rostov-Caucasus rail.
road, after taking Salsk. junction
point and greatest German all
base in the entire region, Is miles
northeast of Tikhoretsk.
ADVANCE IN CAUCASUS
In the Caucasus, the Russians
were within 20 miles of Maikop
oil fields center-S5 miles south
OF Tikhoresk. after capturing
Mikoyan Shakhar, where the Ger
mans had made their deepest pen
etration in the mountains and
freeing the towering peak of Mt
Chorus, 1S,471 feet high. whose
scaling the German had announced
so proudly.
The Moscow radio broadcast
that advanced Russian troops
had entered the region Of Kursk,
and a drive on the city con-
tinued with tanks crushing all
opposition. The Kursk admin
istrative area extends 60 miles
east of Kursk City,
The Red Army reached within
10 miles of Voloshilovgrad, on the
east. when 1t took the railroad
junction town Of kondraShevSkaya
yesterday. They were closing II
also on the northeast and north.
The Russians also took No
voaidar 81 miles above Noro
shilovgrad. and Evzug, farther
north.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-01-25
Senate Jap Inquiry
Calls Ex-Envoy Grew
Detroit Times Washington Bureau

WASHINGTON. Jan. 23.-Jo-
seph Grew, former ambassador 10
Japan, has been called as a wit
ness by a Senate military affairs
subcommittee investigating h c
operation Of japanese relocation
ct1ters in tho United States.
Senator Albert 3. Chandler Cd
of Kentucky, the subcommittee S
chairman. announced that Grew
would be permitted 10 express his
opinion of the Japanese freely and
in a wide field
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-01-25
Draft Law Writer Drafted

ATLANTIC CITY. y. j.. Jan. %
OUP) In 1910. Thomas l.. Pow
erS. former dean of the Columbia
University school of business adj
miniStration. helped write the Sc
ICCtive Service Act. Now he Is
Private Powers. n traInco st the
army air forces base here Re
vaa drafted
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-01-25

Evensthc weather man was good
today for The Detroit Times Jalopy
Show and wrecking contest being
held IN Bagley avenue from Grand
Circus Park TO CaSs avenue.
More than 80 school exhibits
were IN the show. entered in the
three divisions Oldest largest and
most patriotic jalopieS.
The army sent modern war We
hicleS, from Jeep to a prime
mover truck, the largest troop
vehicle.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-01-25
BROADCAST SET

The Jalopy Show program VIII
be broadcast for half an hour to-
night over Radio Station WY,
beginning at 8 Announcer John
Slaglc of WY Is the Jalopy
Show master OF ceremonies and
broadCaSter.
r. III. W Shaw. laison officer Of
The War Production Board. Wash
lngton, was observing the show for
repetition throughout the country.
All last night tow trucks plowcd
through snow hauling the high
school jalopieS 10 the gala dis
play OF vital war scrap