davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-16
Vichy Cabinet Decides
On Compulsory Labor

LONDON, Feb. Is (P).-The Berlin
radio said last night the Vichy cab
met had decided to introduce COM
pulsory labor service in France.
A communique issued after the
cabinet meeting said, according to
Berlin:
THE cabinet has decided to in
troduce general labor compulsion.
The law agreed upon provides spe-
cial measures for farmers. The
period of labor compulsion is to be
two years.
"A general commissariat will be
set up for all questions connected
with this service. The session was
presided over by Chief of State
Petain
Chief of Government Laval re-
ported on employment OF the first
contingent OF repatriated prisoners
Of war"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-16
Britain Considers Standard Suit
Without Vest, Collar and Tie

But already 100000 agricultural
workers have been fitted with re-
conditioned outfits, dyed green, and
they say they like them.
Mr.. Dalton--who hasn't used a
single clothing ration coupon him
self as yet-says he is going to wait
a month or so before making any
decision regarding cutting of ra-
tons.
The Daily Mail in comment on the
proposed two-piece OUTFIT said:
The battledress has the advan-
tages OF being standardized and 1t
gets rid of the waistcoat West), but
The Board of Trade has so far
boggled at this violent sartorial reg
imentation OF all men and boys"
But then, the Mail adds: After
all, Joseph Stain, leader of the VIC
torious Russian nation, wears a two
piece suit with no collar or tie"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-16
Capt. Fletcher Of Laurel
Awarded Second Medal

Capt. Arthur A. Fletcher Of
Laurel, Md is one Of six American
sirmen who have been awarded the
Distinguished Flying Cross by 1t.
Gen. George c. Kenney, commander
OF the Allied Air Forces in the
Southwest Pacific, for extraordinary
achievement in participation in
more than 200 hours of operational
flights, the Associated Press reported
yesterday from Australia.
Capt Fletcher, who is the son of
Mrs. c. J. Driscoll of Laurel. last
month was awarded the Silver Star
for gallantry in action.
A Flying Fortress pilot, Capt.
Fletcher attended Western High
School and attended M. I. T. for two
years.
He trained at Randolph and Love
Fields, Tex, and received his COM
mission as a second lieutenant from
Kelly Field in June. He was sent
almost Immediately to the South
Pacific area.
Others who received awards in
clude First Its. Cedric Drake, Por-
tales, N. Mex; Douglas Kellar
HOLLYWOOD. Calf; Glenn Osbourne
Perry, N. Y. and George Simmons
Forest Grove, Greg, and Sergt
James Henderson, Salt Lake City.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-16

it's a difficult model to follow and
anyway. modern board of assessors
upon receiving such report or rea-
sonable facsimile thereof might re-
port back sternly: 1--WE are not
amused"
But Robert Burns was incorrigible
in that respect. On another tax
matter he made an appeal to the
representatives OF Scotland IN the
House OF Commons in London and
labelling it The Authors Earnest
Cry and Prayer" opened fire in this
fashion:
Ye Irish lords, ye knights and
sQutres,
Wha represent our brughs and
Shires,
And doucely manage our affairs
in Parliament;
TO you simple bdrdie's prayers
are humbly sent
1t went on for "a more stanzas,
with 7 extra tackled on as a post
script. reached the riming heights
Of hilarity, ridicule and satire-and
had no effect whatsoever on the tax
situation.
Released by the Bell Syndicate, Inc)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-16
BY the Associated Press.

LONDON. Feb. 16.-Now they're
talking about standardized bat
tledress" for civilian men in Britain
"a two-piece outfit which would do
away with not only the vest but the
collar and tie.
Hugt Dalton, president Of the
Board OF Trade, the government
department which controls the dis
tribution Of ration coupons for
clothes, is approaching the idea
cautiously.
Il cannot commit myself" he
said but there's a great deal to
be said for sensible costume which
will save material for collars and
ties"
London. whose Sayille Row tailors
dictated styles for men much as
Paris once did for women. shud-
ders slightly at the possibility.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-16
BY THOMAS r. HENRY,
Star Staff Correspondent.

LONDON (By MaiD American
doctors here are developing some
new techniques of bomber sur
gerry" which may save many lives
Of airmen wounded In flights over
the continent.
These provide the most serious
cases with which Army doctors here
have dealt to date. They found
some Of the standard first-aid prin-
ciples were not working we'll In
the new element of the air. For
example. the old directions to i'm
mediately cut away the clothing
around wound would cause Sc
rious complications in the bitter
cold of three or four miles in the
air. The exposed surface would
freeze very quickly.
So bomber crews are being taught
not to do this until the plane can
descend in safety to an endurabie
temperature.
Another recently adopted pro-
cedure is that surgeon shall board
a plane which has been in combat
as soon as it lands. look over the
wounded, and in many cases treat
them on the spot. Hitherto, it has
been the practice of the uninjured
members of the crew to remove
their injured comrades at once, and
often rather unskillfully. In this
way, one eminent American surgeon
in civilian life explained, wound,
may be torn so as to make treat
ment much more difficult.
Palliative for Pain.
This is especially true, he said
OF wounds which have penetrated
the lung cavity. The very act OF
moving the man makes the hole
bigger and pumps air in, perhaps
with fatal results. So physicians
stationed at airports are being in
structed to make the plane Itself
temporary f1rst-aid station where
emergency surgery can be performed
and blood transfusions given Nc
wounded man is to be moved until
ne gives the word.
Several members of each crew
carry first aid kits and have had
some training in caring for the in
jured. They have run into unfore
seen difficulties at high attitudes
One OF the great innovations Of the
present war Is the morphine syrette
With 1t Navy doctors accomplished
untold good after Pearl Harbor. I,
is means of stopping almost un-
bearable pain in a very short time
with safe, measured dose of NOR
phine, and thus going a long way
toward preventing shock.
But at high attitudes, it has beer
found, the morphine in the syrettt
freezes and takes on a powdery
form which cannot be injected. The
remedy proposed for this is that each
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-16
Cold Delays Opening
OF Lake Ore Movement
p, the Associated Press.

ES ire Associated Press.
BUFFALO, N. Y, Feb. Icon
tinued cold weather throughout the
Great Lakes area is dispelling vessel
operators hopes for an early open
ing OF navigation to begin carrying
a record amount of ore down the
lakes, an officer OF the Interna-
tional Shipmasters' Associa ton said.
Capt. T. Howard Saunders, chair
man Of the associations Navigation
and Legislation Committee, declared
All opening or 10 days later than
last year is indicated.
1--WE had hoped to get going
around March Is, the date we start
ed last year" he asserted. The
way things look now, we will be
lucky II we move by April l. We
had flying start last year and by
May l had moved 8,000,0 900 tons of
ore. II we ever attain that mark
this year it will be a miracle"
A delay in opening of navigation
would greatly handicap vessel oper-
ators in their attempt to reach the
l01 ,000, 0o0-ton ore goal set for the
1943 season.
Soundings showed ice in Lake Erie
is IS inches thick, compared with Is
inches a week ago.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-16
Congress in Brief
BY the Associated Press.

BY the ASSOCIATED Press.
Senate:
In recess
Agriculture Subcommittee calls
Secretary of Agriculture Wickard in
war food inquiry.
Special Committee reopens in
quiry on Army commissions in movie
industry
Appropriations com m ittee
hears Lease-Lend Administrator E.
r. Stettinius, jr, on manpower.
House:
Continues debate on Independent
Offices appropriations; may act on
81 ,256 000,0 naval shore construc-
ton bill
Foreign Affairs Committee hears
Representative Luce, Republican of
Connecticut, on lease-lend.
Rules Committee opens hearings
on question Of giving Hobbs anti
lacketeering bill right OF way.
Ways and Means Committee con-
sioers pay-as-you-go taxation.
Military Affairs Committee studies
wartime place for Nations small COL
leges.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-16
NLRB Upheld in Dispute
With Montgomery Ward
BY the Associated Press.

SAN FRANCISCO, Feb. l6.-A
National Labor Relations Board
order directing Montgomery Ward
IL Co. to bargain collectively with
1875 Portland (OregD employees and
to reinstate employees who went on
strike there in December, 1910, and
make up any losses in their pay, was
upheld yesterday by the United
States Circuit Court Of Appeals.
Two unions, the Retail Clerks and
Warehousemen, were involved,
The ruling was the latest develop
ment in dispute between the
unions and the company, which de-
clined to sign contract, stating 1t
would not accept a closed shop. o..
In its ruling, the court noted the
NLRB's testimony that the COM
pary was willing to continue nego-
tlations with its employees, but that
its representative answered demands
ior signing contract with the
statement that this was premature.
The Labor Board said that this was
"tantamount to refusal to bargain
altogether"
The Circuit Court commented:
Certainly the answer was evasive. /"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-16
Detroit Votes 10 Remain
On Eastern War Time
by the Associated Press.


DETROIT, Feb. Is. Detroit
voters Endorsed the City Councils
decision to retain Eastern war time
by a 2-to-l vote in a straw. ballot
conducted in connection with YES
terday's primary election. WPB
Director Donald M. Nelson had
urged the course to keep war pro-
duction in Detroit's war factories
synchronized with Washington.
In 200 of 1857 Detroit precincts
the vote for continuing Eastern war
time was 7,499 to 3,429.
Western Michigan communities
generally reverted to central war
time at 2 am. E. w. T. yesterday.
The State Legislature had enacted
legislation making central war time
"offlcial" for the State, formerly in
the central time zone. and removed
from 1t by similar legislation, but
made special provisions for cities and
counties whose local legislative
bodies wished to retain fast" time.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-16
Flanagan Pleads
For Preservation Of
Smaller Colleges
Virginion Puts Blame
For Alien Doctrines on
Larger Institutions
BY the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
Appealing for the preservation OF
the Nations small liberal arts col
leges, Representative Flanagan
Democrat, of Virginia told the
House yesterday that those preach
ing strange un-American doctrines
and PHILOSOPHERS" were not the
products OF such institutions but
of the large institutions Of learn
ing that have been endowed by our
leaders Of business and finance"
Many OF these leaders are now
coming to me and other Congress
men and complaining about the
interminable rules and regulations
red tape and lengthy and compli-
Gated reports that have been set up
in connection with our war effort,
he said.
Had these men OF wealth spent
even small part of their millions
keeping our small Christian and
non-sectarian liberal arts colleges
open, probably we would not be
alarmed today over these strange
doctrines and PHILOSOPHERS and
plagued with these wonder boys that
have weeded their way into our bu-
reaus and departments Of Govern
ment."
King College, in Bristol, Tenn, he
said, was an example Of the small
Christian college which stands low
in endowment but high in character
building and the development Of
youth into pure, unadulterated and
undefiled Americans"
When the tocsin of war was
sounded at Pearl Harbor, King Col
lege men rushed to the colors to
defend the Americanism they had
been taught, in which they believed
and which they loved" he said,
while, I am afraid, too many men
from some of our larger institutions
rushed to find shelter in our Gov
eminent departments and bureaus"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-16
New Bomber Surgery Methods
Developed by Army Doctors
Planes Often Used as Frst-Aid Stations;
Crew Members Garry Own Kits on Flights

member of the crew carry one or
more of these under his clothing
where it will be kept from freezing
by his body heat.
Men Have Own Kits.
The ultimate would seem to be
that each man carry his own kit so
disposed about his body that 1t will
be available for use.
Much the same lessons, the Army
surgeon explained, can be applied
to the peculiar conditions of tank
warfare. One difficulty in the past
has been that while the essential
materials and medicines, including
the indispensable morphine, have
been issued, they have been in boxes
kept inside the tank itself. When
men abandon a tank they usually
do so in a hurry to save themselves
from being burned to death and
there is no chance of going back TO
get the precious remedies.
The cure for this condition also
is kit for each man, carried on his
person. The kits are being put up
in compact form so that they will
constitute no extra burden.
Claims of extreme heat inside a
tank-sufficient to cause men to
faint-probably have been exag-
gerated. the surgeon explained, al
though it undoubtedly gets uncom-
fortably warm. But present ideas
are that the Paintings are due
almost entirely to carbon monoxide
and can be prevented by making
the interiors secure against this
seeping gas.
Ointment for Burns.
Also many injuries have been re-
ported because members of tank
crews stuck out their heads, with
out protection and affording easy
marks for snipers. 1t used to be
believed that this also was because
Of the heat and to get little air
Now it is recognized that it is
due, at least partly, TO desire to
get a clear view and can largely
be eliminated by better window ar
rangement Also all members OF
tank crews are being supplied with
ointment for burns.
On the whole, the surgeon
explained, the military medicine
learned in the States is holding
up remarkably we'll under combat
conditions, but procedures are bouno
to be modified by experience. The
aim of the doctors here is to form
no ingrained prejudices or become
blind followers of textbooks, but
to study each injury against the
background of the circumstances
| in which 1t was received.
The time to do this. he explained
is now when serious injuries arr
few and there is plenty of time
for minute consideration of each
! of them.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-16
Pennsylvania to Vote
On ChiId-Furm Law

bE me Associated PreSs-
HARRISBURG. Pa, Feb. ia
war measure to permit school chill
dren to work on farms was moved
into position for vote today In
the Pennsylvania Senate.
The bill would authorize schools
to reduce the required number OF
days or hours of classes and grant
employment permits to pupils IA
years old or older.
It's purpose is to help relieve the
farm labor shortage, The State
Federation of Teachers opposed it,
saying 1t placed the State N the
position OF permitting and encour-
aging child labor without adequate
protection"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-16
Church Plans Service
For Men in Armed Forces

st. Johns Church at Mount Rain
Ter will hold special service at II
a m. Sunday for members of the
church now in the armed forces and
their families, 1t was announced
today.
The Rev Richard H. Wilmer. jr.,
pastor, will preach on Serving God
and Country and an American
flag, the gift of the Rev. Walter P.
Plumley, a former pastor of the
church, now an Army chaplain, will
be dedicated.
st. Johns Church will hold its
FIRST parish evening on the follow
Ing Friday when Miss Hazel Goslin
missionary TO China, will speak OH
Missions Of the Church"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-16
Knox Says U. 5. Subs
Take Heavy Toll Of
Japanese Shipping
Secretary Reveals Sinkines
Had Reached l23 on
jan. 30, His Lost Report

The Navy is pressing Its sub
marine campaign against japanese
shipping Of raw resources from con-
quered territories, Secretary of the
Navy Knox told a press conference
today.
He said the Japanese were doing
the most they can" to exploit the
territories they have captured in
the Southwest Pacific. Unofficial
reports have come to him, he said
that the enemy is renewing oil pro-
duction from the shallow wells in
Northern Borneo. Mr.. Knox said
the submarine campaign against
shipping of oil and other commodi-
ties was being pressed very ener-
getically."
AS Of January 30, when the last
report was made on submarine &C
tlvity, 1913 Japanese vessels had been
sunk by the undersea craft. % prob
ably sunk and 80 damaged.
Discusses Absenteesim.
Mr.. Knox was asked about a re-
port from Fore River, Mass, where
$50 welders were said to have been
dismissed from the Bethlehem Steel
Co. shipyard for deliberate absen-
teelsm. Emphasizing that he was
not discussing this case or any case
In particular the Secretary said one
OF the things every one is struggling
against is the problem OF absentee
Ism by men who are making high
wages and who have not yet let the
war get under their skins"
This small percentage throughout
the Nation seems unaware that abb
tenteeism strikes a blow at produc-
ton, Mr.. Knox said. He praised
Philip Murray of the CLIO and Will
liam Green of the AFL for their
work against sbsenteeism. but said
that some people, lacking in re-
sponsibility, seemingly still continue
absences from their work without
cause.
Munda installations Hit.
The Secretary reiterated his view
that the conquest of Guadalcanal
has given United States Pacific
forces an advantageous position
from which to direct new blows
against the enemy. One enemy base
which has been pounded is that at
Munda, in the Central Solomons.
and Mr.. Knox was asked what re-
suits had been obtained by the IS
attacks thus far made on Munda.
The Secretary replied that he did
not know the exact conditions of
the Munda area, but that our forces
were attempting to prevent compile
ton and exploitation of an air
field there.
Queried regarding the recent
closely locked air battles In the
solomons, Secretary Knox said we
were probably somewhat spoiled"
over the fiye-to-one ratio we had
held until the last few days. There
Is possibility that the enemy has
brought in newer models of planes
and also the possibility that better
trained pilots have been sent there.
he said, emphasizing. however, that
this was only a surmise on his part. |
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-16
Unfinished Fire Truck
Is Rushed Into Action
B. the Associated Press.

I B! the Associated Press.
GRAND RIDGE, Ill.-The village
volunteer fire departments new
truck and pumper, mostly home
made from parts obtained catch as
catch can, was a success even. befors
1t was finished, .,.,, ..
The firefighters had ntted parts
Of the truck together. and were
painting it when the whistle blew
for fire in the Main street garage.
The 40 volunteer firemen rushed the
equipment to the blaze-wet paint
and all, .
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-16

township of Ayr In Scotland. re-
ceived from one of the residents OF
his district tax report that was a
trif1e out Of the ordinary, which
might have been expected, because
the man who filed it was well out of
the ordinary run Of ratepayers. He
was Robert Burns, the poet, and he
filed his report in verse.
AS do the farmers of Massachu-
sets to this day, Rab the Ranter
had to report on his horses and
farming equipment so that they
could be duly assessed at their true
or reputed worth. The terrain was
rugged at Mossgiel, the site Of the
Burns farm, and 1t appears that
Rab the Ranter, between writing
verse and random ats o. daffin',"
used four horses-one pair in front
of the other-to pull his pillow.
In his report he refers to his
horses individually as my han
afore" and my han ahin," etc,
thus designating his nigh-side and
off-side leaders and wheelers. CA
city slicker might not know that
and rustic reader, except Of Gale
DOMAIN ancestry. might be puzzled
by the Draw Scot dialect)
Sample Lines of Document.
The report Of Ratepayer Robert
Burns is too long to print here in
full, but some sample lines will give
a general idea Of the document as
filed:
Sir, as your mandate did request,
send you here a tdithtu' list
OF guides and gear, and a my
grdith,
To 1ohtch I'm clear to gle my aith.
Imprimis, then. jor cdrriaoe-
cattle, n
haze four brutes O. gallant met
tie
As eDer dre,D dfore a petite.
Ny han azores a guide auld has
And Wight and ,Diltu' a his days
been.
Ny han dhin's tDeel-odun fly,
That aft has borne me hame
from Killie.
! My tun ah,n's q 1Dordy beast
| AS eer in tug or ton Wds traced.
The tourth's a Highland Donald
haste,
id red pud Kilburnte
bl1stiei
Wheel carriages hae but ten,
Three carts, and tUo are teckly
netU,
AZ aud DheelbdrrotD, MAR TOR
token,
Ae leg and bath the trans are
broken,
nlqde poker o. the spinIe,
And my nuld mither brunt the
trin'ls.
This list nj my ain hand Ipe
iDrOts 1t,
The day and date as under
noted,
Then knotD all We Uhom il con-
Germs,
Subscripsf hue,
ROBERT BURNS.
(MosSgtel, February %, 1885,
Incorrigible Burns.
While the report apparently was
we'll received by the surveyor OF
taxes of the town of Ayr. Scotland
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-16
U. S. Navy Transfers Two
Subchusers to BroziI

bS the ASSoclated ffeSs.
MIAMI, Fla, Feb. 16.-The United
States Navy will transfer two new
subchasesr to the Brazilian Navy
amid ,ceremnoies here today.
The vessels. powerful and swift
anti-submarine craft, will bring to
six the total transferred at Miami
to Brazilian Navy men. Capt. H. H.
j. Benson, acting commandant of
the Gulf Sea frontier and the 7th
Naval District, will make the formal
presentation.
Comdr Harold r. Cox, senior
officer of the Brazilian Naval Mission
in Miami, will accept the craft on
behalf Of his government and give
the new crews, trained at the Miami
Subchaser School, their orders to
strike at the enemy wherever he
may be found.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1943-02-16
Attempts 10 Nazify
France Have Failed,
Axis Paper Admits
LovoI Hos Not Succeeded
Despite Good Efforts,
Government Press Says
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
BERN, Switzerland, Feb. l6.-The
German government newspaper
Voelkischer Beobachter acknowl-
edges that all efforts to impose
Naziism on France have failed be-
cause the people themselves refuse
to accept it.
An editorial, which diplomatic OBJ
servers here believe was the fore
runner of new disciplinary orders
repeatedly laid down to Chief of
Government Pierre Laval at week
end conferences in Vichy, said:
The formula OF the authoritarian
state administration, which during
the somber hours of 1910 appeared
the only way to follow, has been
unable 10 enthuse the masses of the
country"
The Wilhelmstrasse had held the
view that Laval should be given a
chance, the paper said, but now it
appeared clear the hope of renewed
France" was in vain; that France
has tried ever since the death of
Admiral Jean Darlan to avoid di-
rect dealing with the problems, hop
ing to await the end of the war to
adapt themselves to changed cir
cumstances.
Like Laval. the paper continued,
Jacques Doriot and Marcel Deaf,
French pro-Axis leaders, also failed
despite good efforts.
The Beobachter asks, What value
are men If one cannot count upon
them to face the demands of his
toric moment2'
In a terse summary of its opinion
the paper said it was sabotage by
the French people, especially Of
railways used by the Germans, that
led to the most recent drives by
the police and Gestapo.