davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-01-31
Continued From Page BID

wears before, vowed that for each pound
Of British explosive dropped on German
soil, the Luftwaffe would make thousand
fold reprisal
"As l was speaking to you last time,
Eastern Europe was being enshrouded
by winter such as Europe had not wit
messed even in those regions for over
140 years. Within few days, the ther-
nometer, which had been showing zero
In our books tprobably cumulative rec
ords, turned to Al degrees centegrade
below - = four weeks earlier than was to
De expected, all further operations thus
came to an abrupt end.
THE lightning appearance of a cold
wave of such intensity, which even in
those regions only occurs every 100 years,
oaralyzed not only the men but also the
machines. There were moments when
both threatened to CONCEAL.
Points to Napoleon.
~ ." When in 1912 Napoleons armies
swarmed back from Moscow and we're
finally destroyed, the lowest tempera-
centigrades below zero.
Hitler then curiously demands a re-
assurance of the right to rule and reign
which he has possessed for years:
II expect one thing, that the country
will give me the right Immediately to
interfere and intervene and take charge
whenever unconditional attention is not
t1 i,,,y, oar,i to cpl,i ~,F ipr
vital tasks. Nobody at this stage
can insist on his vested rights We must
ell know that today there are only duties
70 be fulfilled.
81 therefore demand from the German
Reichstag the definite assurance that I
possess the legal right to compel every
individual to perform his duty, that in
certain cases to condemn such cases as
in my considered opinion do not fulfill
their duties to be imprisoned or TO be
deprived of their Office and position no
matter who they be or what rights they
may have acquired. For today single
minded duties for the common we'll
comes before the right of the individual
Hitler then snarls against the British
Prime Minister:
Should, however, the idea of con-
tinuing aerial warfare on civil popula-
tions with new weapons become generally
accepted in Britain. I would like here
and now to make the following declara-
ton before the whole world Mr.
Churchill began this war in May, 1910
gave warnings and waited four months
The time then came when l was COM
PEELED to act The one who bore the sole
responsibility for this kind Of warfare
then began to wall /" The war in the
east will be continued We will go on
hammering at the Boshevik gang until
they are smashed to pieces Against
Britain herself however the German
submarine is the principal weapon"
AS he ends his speech, Hitler holds up
for the first time the specter of ultimate
defeat:
- For to lose this war would IN
Evening star., 1943-01-31

OF the schemers from the courtroom,
"nen attorneys. whom also they had de.
celVed, obtained the order from the
court.
Neither can agree with the courts
conclusion that this contempt expired
with the setting sun and the statute of
limitation then began its work of i'm
munizing these defendants"
Protested Divorce Decision.
Justice jackson also protested with
Justice Murphy against a decision that
other States are required to recoeniza
Nevada divorces.
1t B not an exaggeration to say" hs
wrote in dissent, "that this decision re-
peals the divorce laws OF Ill the Staten
ana substitutes the law Of Nevada a to
all marriages, one Of the parties to which
can AFFORD short trip here. 80
III Nevada may prescribe six weeks Of
indefinite permanent abode in q motor
court as constituting domicile, she may
as readily prescribe six days
Indeed, if the courts opinion is car
ried to its logical conclusion, a State
could grant constructive domicile for
divorce purposes upon the filing OF some
sort Of declaration Of intention.
Then it would follow that we would
be required to accept 1t as sufficient and
to force all States to recognize mail.
order divorces as well as tourist divorces,
Indeed, the difference IL In the bother
and sxpense-not in the principle oe The
thing"
Evening star., 1943-01-31

weeks objective No in the Caucasus
is the rail town of Tikhoretsk, which Is
at the end of line from Stalingrad.
On Thursday the Russians approached
within 13 miles Of Tikhoretsk by the
capture of Kalnibotolsk.
Tikhoretsk is on the oil pipe line that
runs northward to Rostov. The Reds
are closing in on the town from three
sides. Twenty miles due east OF
Tikhoretsk they took Novopokrovsk.
Twenty EIGHT miles southeast Of Tikho-
retsk they took Ilyinsk. No sooner do the
newspaper readers learn how to spell
newly-captured town than the Russians
have taken another
Objective No in the Caucasus for
the coming week is Kropotkin, which is
35 miles below T1khoretsk Kropotkin Is
the junction for the Rostov-Baku rail
Evening star., 1943-01-31
TuniSia Terrain
Mud and Mountains Are
Potent Axis Allies
By John Grover.

The lay of the land explains slow
Allied progress in Tunisia. The area in
contention is a defenders dream
Since the Allied landings in Africa, the
rainy season has turned the Tunisian
coastal belt into vast morass. United
States Army sources say the fighting is
confined to roads and railroads. where
there is some bottom to the mud
Gen. Mud isn't the only Hitler ally
here. Bizerte and Tunis. twin goals of
the North Tunisian offensive, are ideally
situated to repel attacks.
Mountains. swamps and rivers are scat
tered over this corner of Africa. In
many places. highways run between steep
ridges on one side and q swamp on the
other, channeing attacks to a front a
hundred yards wide.
narrow front favors defense. The
attacker cannot bring his superiority in
numbers to bear, and the few, aided by
terrain, become equal to the many.
Bizerte Is ringed about with coastal
mountains that rise from the sea.
Landings in force here would be pro-
hibitively costly in men. Tunis has two
o0~"oyo, VI IIlcLl n SOU COuCn,
What nature did not do for protec-
tion OF Tunis and Bizerte, the French
added In the days of the republic when
defense was the driving passion of the
French general staff
Every potential avenue of approach
mguarded by forbidding natural OBJ
stacles was stiffened with concrete gun
emplacements and pillboxes.
The heights have also been fortified.
to subject any attacker to the added
hazard of plunging fire.
German counterthrusts out OF the de-
fensive arc around Bizerte and Tunis
pointed for strategic mountains and
heights as Rommel's troops raced the
British for Tunisia.
Control Of high ground paralleling tho
coastal road Rommel is following will
permit the Axis troops to cover Rom
mers retreat, or will permit the Allies
TO break through to the sea and pre-
vent his union with Tunisia's defenders.
BY any standards, the Tunis-Bizerte
area is going to be extremely difficult
to take
Only mighty preponderance of air
strength, to blast the defenders out Of
each succeeding strong point, can hone
to open way for ground forces. Even
then the going will be tough.
Evening star., 1943-01-31

ception of capital there is no origin,
there Is also no more of our so-called
education of former times"
The home front and the war front must
support each mutually:
Il would like at this moment to refer
to the homeland front 1t also has to
endure hardships = Therefore. I can
say to the homeland today that it can
be perfectly at ease, whether in the east
or the west, in the north or the south,
because the German front of our soldiers
stands lmmovable. Then I can say to
the front, in exactly the same way: Ger
man soldier, you may rest assured: be-
hind you stands your homeland, which
will never leave you in the lurch. (Ap-
plauseJ And that is no empty phrase"
Collapse Of Morale Dooms All.
and (citizens) know very well that
either all must survive VIGOROUSLY to-
gether or be destined for determination
together. (Applause) If a soldier did
not know that, you could not expect him
to risk his life under these dismal cir
cumstances. Conversely, the homeland
too, must know it, SO that it will measure
its own contribution accordingly
Hitler's speech in Munich on November
y, l942, commemorating his beer hall
putsch IN 1923, was his last major speech
before the 10th anniversary yesterday
OF Nazl accession to power, and Is the
most pesslmlstic, defensive and apolo-
getlc speech ever delivered by Hitler up
to that time.
There is no longer talk of conquest of
an eastern breadbasket, TO rich mines
and Oil: For perhaps many person will
ask himself the question-Why are we
nghtlng at such great distances? We
are flghtlng at such great distances in
order TO protect our homeland, in order
to keep the war as far removed from it
as possible and to spare it what would
otherwise be its fate and which now
only certain German cities are expert
encing and must experience. It is.
therefore, preferable to keep the front
line at distance of 1000 and, if neces-
sary, 1000 kilometers from the borders
OF the Reich, rather than hold that
front somewhere near the border of the
~~~~SAA
Defends Himself
He even defends himself before the
German soldier:
Hitler, who has prosecuted and sought
to destroy the Lutheran Protestant
Church, as we'll as all other religious
| denominations. turns to Martin Luther
in the extremity of disaster:
There one must really adopt Luther s
precept: And if the world were full of
devils, we must and shall succeed Pre-
cisely today we look into the future with
so much confidence, now that we have
/ survived the past winter, a winter which
| indeed we could not comprehend in all
its terrible danger when spoke to you
year ago"
| The Fuehrer, who has ranted endlessly
for 20 years, approaches great silence.
| He explains why he now talks SO seldom
why should I talk lot now? Today
In the last analysis 1t is the front that
talks. Everything, else Is babble.
Evening star., 1943-01-31

Volga River trap they fashioned for
themselves out of miscalculation of the
Russian will to resist are starving and
freezing beyond hope OF relief, since
their colleagues in the Axis forces are
now more than 200 miles away. Both
Germany and Russia had official COM
ments on Stalingrad last week. Said
the Russians:
THE history Of wars has never known
the encirclement and annihilation of
such large numbers of regular troops
saturated to the limit with modern mill
tary equipment"
The fall of Stalingrad would release
these armies for the westward sweep OF
the Reds into the Ukraine, where the
Russian campaign is in its preliminaries.
The campaign in the Caucasus, however,
is drawing toward its finish. The coming
Evening star., 1943-01-31

retreat, but it may turn out to be a
reinforcement. However, the expulsion
OF Rommel from Egypt and Libya lifts
one threat Of Axis invasion of Asia and
would make it harder for the Axis to
repel any Allied thrust from Northern
Africa against the Balkans.
The Tunisian war is the prelude to
action on any plans made at Casablanca,
And the success or
Iunis Prelude failure of the effort to
To Invosion halt Rommel before he
can join the Axis forces
already in Tunisia can determine the
nature and length of the Tunisian war
The Axis radio on Tuesday reported
that Allied armies in Tunisia are de-
veloping plan to prevent junction
of Rommel's army with that OF Col Gen.
Jurgen Won Arnim, the Nazi commander
in Tunisia. The report said that Amer
ican troops were concentrating for a
thrust eastward to the sea, probably be-
tween the ports Of Gabes and Sfax. The
Vichy radio thought that the drive would
start from above Bou Arada, which Is
about 30 miles south Of Tunis. Sfax is
more than 100 miles below Tunis. It
was heavily bombed last week by Amer
ican planes.
So far the Axis has been able to keep
the Allies in the Tunisian interior. The
British 9th Army, which has pursued
Rommel all the way from Egypt, will
undoubtedly follow along the Tunisian
coast after Rommel as it has followed
along the Libyan and Tripolitanian
coasts, and the Axis-held ports of Gabes
and Sfax are almost sure to fall, whether
Rommel is dead-ended or not The
Rommel retreating line is so long that
it is possible that already some of his
troops have joined Won Arnim Rommel's
rear Is just now being pushed out of
Tripolitania, however, and the mass of
his forces are undoubtedly still far from
union with Won Arnim
Action in muddy. mountainous Tunisia
was slight last week.
German planes flew over an American
outpost and dropped this message: "Why
don't the Americans come out and fight?"
The Yankees took the dare and broke
into the settlement of Maknassy. which
is only IS miles from
Yonkees Toke the coastal road that
Nozi Dore runs from Gabes up to
Tunis, and took 80 Ger
man prisoners. United States armored
forces arrived in the Ousseltia sector of
Central Tunisia to reinforce the French
forces holding that important position.
The Germans tried in vain to force the
French out of the sector last week.
The Germans are trying to conduct an
offensive in Tunisia now because they
are confronted otherwise with the pros
Evening star., 1943-01-31
Brundt
Continued Prom Page BID

dents budget message this month die.
closed that the OSS spent sl7.87s ooo in
the fiscal year 1912 and had estimated
expenditures Of $17,71s.Oo0 for the cur
rent year. 1t has not yet submitted its
requirements for the next fiscal year.
and In view Of reports that Donovan
Is rapidly expanding operations the re-
quest Will be for relatively large sum.
Ine number of employees Is not known
but other agencies complain that the
OSS Is trying to pirate some of their
oest men, especially those who know
foreign languages.
Col. Donovan and his agents are often
referred to as "the cloak and dagger
boys" because Of their secret operations
ana general air Of mystery and intrigue.
Returning travellers from North Africa
report a jest among our troops to the
erect that when five Mohammedan
women appear on the street in robes and
yashmaks, at least two are OSS men.
The tension between owl and OSS
came close to the breaking point when
OSS tried to assume Jurisdiction over
propaganda in actual and potential"
tneaters OF war. An innocent looking
directive was issued by the Joint chiefs
OF stan setting up an advisory council to
supervise the so-caued defensive"
psychological warfare On this council
were to be representatives Of the State
and War Departments, OSS, owl, BEW
once OF Inter-American Affairs. ONCE
OF Foreign Relief and Rehabilitation and
the Lease-Lend Administration.
The 1nter-agency rows can be settled
only by the President, who issued the
original executive orders setting up the
new agencies. The Committee for Ma
tlonal Morale. voluntary group of ct-
Vlllans, offered a general solution based
on a survey of German methods and
American organizations The findings
are IN a 30O-page book, German Psy.
geological Warfare" published by Putt
nam. The committees conclusions are
reprinted in an adjoining column. This
solution does not indicate how the ideal
should be attained, nor has any re-
spons1ble official in Washington offered
practicable plan. But one must be
found II the Allies are to make ,,se ~
tnls new type Of total warfare. As in
other fields, We started 10 to 20 years
behind our enemies, who have learned In
concentrate their fire at the foe nv
coordination Of all participating groups.
Printed BY Special Advancement with
Lne 81 Louis Post -DeSpatch)
Evening star., 1943-01-31

The President and the Prime Minister
resisted the temptation to visit Tunisia.
where the war for Africa is being fought
in earnest. Perhaps this week may tell
whether the Allied armies are going to
oe able to simplify their problem in
Tunisia by cutting the road that lies
ahead Of Gen. Erwin Rommel and his
Afrika Korps along the Tunisian shore
to the chief Axis garrisons in Northern
Tunisia, at Bizerte and Tunis. At the
moment Rommel's backward march from
Egypt into Tunisia is regarded as a
Evening star., 1943-01-31


The meetings began January ID and
enoed January a. On his way home
Mr.. Roosevelt flew to Liberia and Brazil
and conferred with the presidents of
noth those republics. Casablanca was
the requiem for the era of the war
when the Axis chose the battlefield.
Russia was not at the conference. The
revelations that come with time will
explain why. Joseph Stain was invited.
but the conferees said he sent word
he was preoccupied with the business of
battle In the Soviet Union That battle
continued last week to bring rich fruit
to Russia, whose armies drove the Ger
mans from their anchor base at Voro-
nezh which has guarded both Rostov,
to the south, and Kharkov, to the west,
and pursued them IL miles westward.
The Reds are developing a powerful
thrust into the Ukraine In order to
rally the Germans, Hitler himself is
reported to have gone to the Russian
front.
IN the Southwest Pacific the American
army on Guadalcanal captured the vii
lage OF Kokumbona, which gives the
. stretch of beach that is tactically i'm
portant. The Allies now control more
OF Guadalcanal than the Japs Gen.
Douglas Macarthur, allied commander
In the southwest Pacific, who now has
cleared Papua of Japanese made the
important statement on his birthday last
Monday that the way to beat the Japs
for good is to 60 after them strongly
with co-ordinated air and ground as
saults. The next day Capt Eddie Rick
enbacker said he did not believe that
Japan could be defeated by the step
ptng-stone' attack-taking one island
after another moving northward from
Australia-but must be struck at home
by blows from the air How much at
tention Mr.. Roosevelt and Mr.. Churchill
paid in their talks to strategy and tao
tics in the east is unknown publicly.
Chinese representatives were not present
It the conference, and no indication was
given that China was asked to. send
representatives.
Evening star., 1943-01-31
Unboken Series Defeats Hits Coobono Conference Plans

pect Of being bottled up around Bizerte
and Tunis and besieged there in man
ner from which escape will be impossible
The Allies are in comand of the air over
Tunisia, and in the Western Mediter-
| ranean the British Navy is supreme.
Both these facts contain bad news for
the Axis, because they mean that the
task OF getting supplies to soldiers bound
In Bizerte and Tunis from Italy and
France will be almost impossible.
The military events in Tunisia con-
tlnue to compete in the North African
news with the political problems of
Africa. In an effort to put an end to
the heaving turmoil. Mr.. Roosevelt and
Mr.. Churchill arranged that Gen. Charles
de Gaulle, the leader of the Fighting
French, who has been given no position
in North Africa. and Gen. Henri Honore
Glraud, the high commissioner in North
Africa, meet at Casablanca The two
men talked and arrangements were made
for establishment of a military-not
political-liaison between them. The
purpose which inspired the men who
arranged the meeting was to effect
union of French forces so that they
could participate on major scale in the
attacks planned at Casablanca How
ever, the union does not yet exist.
Frenchmen in France grew outraged
last week, and the Axis had a riot on
their hands in Marseille. The Germans
ordered the evacuation of the old port
district of Marseille the ancient seacoast
town of Southern France that was
founded many centuries ago by sea-
rowing Greeks. The people of Marseille
resisted the order, and fired on German
soldiers. Forty thousand persons were
arrested subsequently, according to Ger
man news agency dispatches to Lisbon
and Madrid; 5000, according to the Vichy
radio.
Vichy authorities proclaimed a state of
siege during the turmoil. The evacuation
order which was followed by an order
to raze the old port district, apparently
was given as a defense measure against
possible Allied invasion from North
Africa. The Germans have been fortify-
ing the coast in the Marseille area since
the occupation of France.
Evening star., 1943-01-31
By James ". Doufhaf,
Associated Press Writer.

One of his first opinions contained
these words:
This court should hold squarely that
it is privilege Of citizenship of the
United States, protected from State
abridgement, to enter any State of the
Union, either for temporary sojourn or
for the establishment of permanent resi-
dence therein and for gaining resultant
citizenship thereof.
IF national citizenship means less
than this, it means nothing. -. Unless
this court is willing to say that citizen
ship means at least this much to the
citizen, then our heritage of constitu-
tional privileges and immunities is only
a promise to the ear to be broken to the
hope, teasing illusion like munificent
bequest in pauper's will"
His concurring opinion agreed with 4
unanimous decision holding unconstttu-
Evening star., 1943-01-31
Americas Goth Week of War
1881 Week of World War; n
By Blair BoHes.

e o" are sharpening the dagger
new" was gwen the world
" ao ffne Minister Churchill
VIII chle military advisers
agreement announced that
' sieho OF the three leading
1epo's On the conference
Vi w record ABOUT meeting
suoo Coe oy the Atlantic
o were armed guards
Evening star., 1943-01-31
African Front

representatives,
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-07-17
Plan for Wedding

Maria Teresa and Diego were
quite excited. the day | arrived.
Little wonder, too, for final
plans were being made for the
wedding of son Diego. and the
beautiful Norma Hoeffer Of
HermoSlllo, Sonora. Both are
well known in Los Angeles,
Diego being student at 10y
ola and Norma a graduate of
Marymount.
The ceremony was held at
Hermosillo, and proved a high
light Of the social season, with
close 10 500 in attendance. A
true Mexican wedding. it was
indesCribably colorful and inn
preSsive TO degree.
Mary Hoeffer Vaughan of
Beverly Hills. NormaS sister,
was her matron OF honor. and
Diego's sister, Beatriz Redo,
maid of honor.
Alfredo de Ia Vega of Los
Angeles and Washington was 10
be an usher, but he was called
TO the navy, earlier than ex-
pected. The newlyweds will re-
ttfrft-to Los Angeles TO live
while Diego continues his
studies.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-07-17
Splash Party Outdoor Dance Draw Boat Club Crowd

and Mrs. Winfield S. Jewell Jr.,
Henry c. Walters, and the Mat
thew Careys.
Others who made reservations
for the doingS were George F.
Edwards, Thedor Ziesmer, j. S.
Dages. r. William Rogers.
Alonzo c. Allen. Ezra l.. White,
James j. Trudell Jr., J. w. Tay-
Tor, Richard O. Burr Jr., Walter
T. Schuett, Lyle c. Collinson,
Joseph S. Yates. DR.. Joseph a.
Barley, George X. Graves, Ray
c. Walk and DR.. X +. Corrigan.
Also in this group were David
d. Williams, Richard Earhart.
DR.. William II. Duncan, John r..
Gates, Andrew Carnegie, George
b. Hassett, Mrs. Edward l..
Rohrback, Edward 7. Downs, =.
II. Handy Paul w. Eaton, John
&. Murphy and James r. PoWrie.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-07-17
Mexican
Homes
Beautiful
By CONCHITA SEPULVEDA
PIGNATELLI

MEXICO CITY, July 16-AS
is universally the case, the home
life Of Mexican families Is the
impetus for progress of the ma
ton.
Hospitality is proverbial with
the Latin and this is everywhere
apparent, particularly on step
ping into a residence.
IFS la casa de listed" Ut is
your homeD
In such a charming manner,
your host or hostess welcomes
you.
The home Of the distinguished
Senior Y Sonora Diego Redo is
a mansion filed with rare an
tiqueS. At one and the same
time. II is intimate and formal,
some Of the rooms filled with
an aII-perVading air OF warmth
that comes only from comfort
able daily living, and others
breathing the elegance and for
malltV of a by-gone era.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-07-17

LAST NIGHT was perfect for
a splash party and the Detroit
Boat Club members turned out
in large numbers for the gala
event there.
Informal little parties gathered
beforehand for dinner at the
club and, after the last swimmer
emerged from the water, dane
ing was held on the outdoor
floor. Extra excitement was
added 10 the program by swim
ming races in which several Of
the clubs in town participated.
Mr.. and Mrs. Frank w. Munger,
Mr.. and Mrs. Gayard F. Later.
the Herbert /. Buhlers, Mr.. and
Mrs. Lloyd Grlnnell, Mr.. and
Mrs. Horace f.. Mcknight and
the Percy j. DonovanS were