davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-12-08
Many Troubles at Home
Suggested for RefOrmers' Attention.

10 the Editor Of The Star
According to the National I,eapue of
women Voters the Constitution of the
United States fails to fit modern con.
dltlons, and this idea is strongly emnha.
sized i'll pamphlet. Citizens All" Oc-
tooer u943) issue, wherein it is alleged
that: The pattern of world conditions
To-Day ooes not match the pattern of
oui CONSTITUTION The text further
ieads: The Constitution was adopted
py the people of l3 States, with a popu-
latlon OF 10000 people. They could
not lorsee the difficulties of uniting the
opinions Of 1873 900 900 in 48 States. They
IN their time rescued the United States
from anarchy. We in our time have to
rescue from anarchy the world in which
we live and have our being" Quite an
order!
Let us ponder for a moment on
saying Of William E. Gladstone: "One
example is worth a thousand areu-
ments.' What about the example we
are setting the world with the Nation
divided into hostile political camps, with
crime waves engulfng cities, racial
groups rioting, workers striking, political
machines rolling ruthlessly over their
opposition with no regard for Justice,
imitation spreading and food scarcities
developing. Isn't it high time that we
rescued ourselves from the incredible
mess in which we are involved before
attempting to rescue" the world?
The National League of Women Voters
wakes eloquent about foreign compIexi-
ties, but fail to mention the growing
complexities at home.
EDMUND K. GOLDSBOROUGH.
Evening star., 1943-12-08

country will offer her military facilities
such as ports and airfields to the Allied
armies is, for the time being, unknown.
That eventually she will become an
active belligerent is beyond doubt. Even
If Turkey does not plan to put forces
into the field at an early date, she will
be compelled to do so by the Germans
The Nazis are reported to be moving
mechanical forces to the Edrine line
with the apparent intention of blitzing
the Turks in Europe.
The Turkish war potential has been
a matter of discussion of some time in
Allied military quarters.
Il X
How much war material has been
poured into Turkey in the past II
Evening star., 1943-12-08

meeting, unlike It's broad political
meanings, are wholly conjectural,
but Turkey appears to have moved
so far over to our side that anything
may happen now. As a recipient of
American lease-lend aid and as an
ally obligated to help Britain in the
Mediterranean, it may join US fully
and actively as d belligerent. or. as
in the case of Portugal, it may try
to give us limited assistance in the
form Of key bases essential to an
Anglo-American offensive in the
Balkans.
Evening star., 1943-12-08

to the lowest posi-
bic motive. That is
according to custom.
1t is said that those
who voted against
the bill would de-
prive the fighting
forces of their right
to participate in the
election and that
they are willing to
have our boys give
their lives for the
country but are not
willing to give them
the vote"
Evening star., 1943-12-08
Another Philosophy
Proposed for Children,
To the Editor Of The Star:

10 the Editor OF The Star:
The POLITICAL reformers apparently are
working on the theory that man can be
made a peaceful being by improving his
economic circumstances. But past and
present facts do not indicate such a
theory to be sound.
AS see it. the things that make man
an unpeaceful being come from his own
heart or mind, not from his economic
status. The little Eskimo, who lives in
the most disagreeable and materially
poorest spot on earth, has never had a
war to his credit"
I feel that if We really desire peace
1ul world we must get at the cause OF
unpeacefulness-the heart or mind of
man. And the most effective way to do
this. 1 believe, is to stop teaching our
children the same philosophy that We
have been taught. J, j. SPERRY
Woodstock, Va,
Evening star., 1943-12-08

conference. IL may
therefore be well to
take a look at the
size of the job, and
the size of America S
necessary contribu-
ton to it.
Initially, it is a
matter of breaking
through the German
coastal defenses on
a wide front. by a
landing from the sea
probably at several
points on the shore
of Holland, Belgium
and Mort, erO
Evening star., 1943-12-08

tinguished himself
as a soldier and
strategist, both in
the World War and
in the war against
Greece in the early
20s. has decided to
throw the lot Of his
country with that of
Turkeys former op-
ponents.
Whether the ac-
tion m ans that
Turkish soldiers will
fight Immediately on
the side of the Allies
nr VIZ n q + n or tho
Evening star., 1943-12-08
Tin Cans Reported
Not Collected.

To the Editor Of The Star:
What about the salvage collecting Of
tin cans?
On Wednesday afternoon The Star
carried a notice that tin cans were to
be placed on the curb before 8 80 Thurs
day morning for collection. A box of tin
cans, ends cut out, labels removed and
sides f1attened. was placed on the curb
at o'clock Thursday morning: it re-
manned there until o'clock Saturday
afternoon, when 1t was brought back
into the basement to avoid leaving it
on the curb over Sunday
Our janitor says he frequently has
placed tin cans on the street for COL
lection and they never have been COL
lected. A SUBSCRIBER
Evening star., 1943-12-08

around for having
the worlds m 0 S t
comprehensive and
competent press.
We are also the
people who have de-
signed the most bril-
liant publicity tech
niques. and develop
ed, almost into a
science. the arts of
promotion and pub
lie relations.
Hitler, who is GER
tainly a master Of
propaganda, declar-
ed in "Mein Kampf"
Evening star., 1943-12-08

For decades the traditional sailor
costume changed not at all. Now,
however. the protruding pocket
comb and fountain pen have re-
placed the simple knife and old
time white lanyard dating back to
Nelson's time,
Evening star., 1943-12-08

A sporting goods house advertises
an infra-red lamp which instantly
extinguishes all insect life coming
within its rays. Big ones on air.
craft over Germany and Japan
might become worthwhile secret
weapon.
Evening star., 1943-12-08
The Great Game of Politics

AS was inevitable, Senate refusal TO
pass the Green-Lucas soldiers vote bill
is ascribed by Journalistic, political and
Evening star., 1943-12-08

A cook on a Liberty ship took a
2O0-yard flight through the air to
safety, following an explosion, on a
G1 mattress. He must be descended
from Sindbad the Sailor.
Evening star., 1943-12-08
Size of Invasion lob

1t is now generally assumed that the
date for the long-awaited Anglo -Ameri-
can invasion of Western Europe has
been definitely agreed on at the Teheran
Evening star., 1943-12-08

Maritime weather is usually worse
IN winter than in summer. Yet it is
In the latter season that the simple
Waves" become "Whitecaps."
Evening star., 1943-12-08
On The Record

Seldom in the history Of human con-
flict have so few kept so much from so
many.
This country is known the world
Evening star., 1943-12-08

II the late Mr.. Omar Khayyam had
been in Teheran last week it is prob
able that he would not have recog-
niZed the old home town.
Evening star., 1943-12-08
This Changing World

Turkeys adherence to the United
Nations cause has now become an
accomplished fact. After long hesita-
ton, President ISmet Inonu who dis
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-04-04

has head start the mouse virus can get
to the spinal nerve cells first
When the mouse virus enters the nerve cells
it bars them TO human polio virus Thus IN
the monkeys, there is no paralysis, for the
mouse virus seems harmless to the monkeys
Here in monkeys is a positive preventive
treatment for infantile paralysis. One can
say that in monkeys the cure" for infantile
paralysis has been found.
Next it will remain to try the method
on human beings 1t seems safe enough for
no one has ever found that the mice virus
has any i'll effects on man.
No one knows certainly why the mice virus
bars the nerve cells 10 the human polio virus
It seems and this is just speculation, il must
be emphasized chat the virus attacks the
nerve cells in stages.
First the virus eats" one nerve compo-
nent-call it A Then it attacks B and then
c, and finally y Only when 4, B. c and D
have been destroyed does paralysis occur That
is what human polio virus may do
However if the mouse paralysis virus came
along first it would attack A. and then 3.
and then c. And then it would stop because
it is not adapted Tor it's human habitat. Thus
it produces no paralysis or permanent injury.
But because the mouse virus is in the nerve
cells, the human polio virus could not feed
on A, or 3, or G, which il must destroy be-
fore Il attacks the final stage y.
The whole thing is quite like a small boy
who goes TO the cupboard and eats Tin ORDER
bread and then jam, and then candy and
finally spinach-which he hates
If somebody has been there first and eaten
up the bread and jam and candy the small
boy won't tackle the spinach all by itself
So, too, it may be possible to secure pro-
lection in man against the virus Of infantile
paralysis.
II doctor suspected the first mild syup-
toms of infantie paralysis he would know
that it would take about week for the
acute stages of paralysis 90 develop
In the meantime. he might inoculate the
child with the harmless mouse virus and pro
duce a temporary immunity in the child
The procedure would be quite like using
rabies vaccine when a person IS bitten by
dog carrying rabies. II takes some 20 DAYS
for the rabies 10 develop, and in the mean
time the doctor can give the protection
against the infection.
You cannot get permanent protection You
have TO repeat the procedure every time you
arc bitten by dog. AnG 50 it might be with
infantile paralysis.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-04-04

One suggestion-it is yet only hypothesis
is that mouse virus and human polio virus
both had some common virus ancestor back
million years ago in prehistory. They have
since branched off and evolved into two sepa-
rate chains of specialization as parasites; for
that is what they are, parasites for a specific
type of nerve cell tissue.
One saving thing for mankind, or we should
all be dead, is that parasites can sometimes
become too highly specialized for their own
good They can live and grow only in one
type Of environment. This feeding ground
they must find or they will die themselves.
Such over-specialization seems to be the case
with human infantile paralysis virus which
can attack the body in only two spots; in the
digestive track (where il causes no paralysis)
and in the nerve cellseof the spine where it
cam.
What is the link between the mouse virus
and the human polio virus? DO the mice
harbor their form Of the disease through the
off seasons of human infection which occur
Enthusiastically during the Summer months?
Can the mouse virus be transmitted into diff
ferent form, by a fly or an insect Of some
sort, which VIII attack humans These are
but few of the unanswered riddles in the
conquest of polio.
In contrast to the possible menace which
mice may seem to create, there is much rca-
son 10 suspect that perhaps the final cure
for infantile paralyss-yes, the word is cure"
will come from the mouse paralysis virus.
This may seem like a paradox but here is
the explanation.
Scientists already can inject monkeys with
human infantile paralysis and then prevent
them from becoming paralyzed. They do it
by injecting them also with Thcner mouse
virus or any Of several different strains Of
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-04-04
Crippled, Twisted
Little Bodies
May Soon BE
Strengthened
When the Cure
of Polio Il
Attained.

are tho individual virus molecules Of the IN
fantle paralysis magnihcd 10000 times
Within some circles are single molecules. In
other circles are colonies Of three. four or
five separate virus molecules
TIE large oval white areas are not virus,
and the irregular black strings are not virus
What interests men like Or. Claus Jungeblut
Columbia Universitys expert on polio virus
are the tiny crclcd dots. They alone can be
identified AZ the virus the cause of human
iufante paralysis.
American scientists too, it has been learned
have been attempting TO photograph the virus
that causes irfantile paralysis. Pictures have
bc,n obtained it is understood, with the
E.C.A. electron microscope of the American
Cyanamid Corp. in laboratories at Stamford,
Connecticut.
These American pictures have not yet been
released to the press because they have not
appeared in scientific publications II is I'M
derstood that they appear to resemble the
Swedish picture on this page.
What happens in the human body within
the nerve cells of the spine when the virus
of infantie paralysis attacks, is shown by
important photographs at the upper left hand
corner of this page.
The first picture shows human nerve
ganglion Of the spine in its normal state.
Next is shown the same gauglion attacked
by the virus. Its outline becomes fuzzy and
indistinct. 1t is being eaten away.
Finally, in the third picture, the nerve de-
struction is nearly complete. Here in a
human, would occur widespread, Gripping
paralysis
II should be explained that the pictures Of
the dying nerve cell are made with an ordinary
microscope and not with an electron micro
sconc The actual virus that is causing the
destruction, therefore cannot be seen in these
photographs.
Drs Gard and Tselius report from Sweden
that the infantle paralysis virus Is a giant
chemical molcculc with a weight of 600.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-04-04

Russians capture Berlin before we do We
will take pride in the conquest but we viii
wish we had done it first
Seeing what the ntantc paralysis virus
looks like can give researchers in this field
the same thrill a soldier would get if he wrote
to some girl he had never seen. He would
know a lot about her from her letters but
he would be thrilled -evcn more-with her
photograph
1t is a long way from war-surroundcd
Sweden TO peaceful White Plains y y but
from this suburb OF metropolitan New Yorl,
comes a discovery that may rank with the
photographng Of the infantile paralysis virus.
For the first time a mouse killed by mouse
paralysis virus has been found in the home
of a human victim of iufantile paralysis
Recent widespread publicity led to the
erroneous assumption that the mouse carried
the human polio-as infantilc paralysis is often
called for short. The announcement frightened
a lot Of mothers in America, who are afraid
of mice anyway. for reasons that have Moth
ing to do with infantile paralysis.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-04-04

Any snap Judgment that mice carry human
polio virus CANNOT be made at the present
time Mothers and fathers can thus relax.
The paralysis in the mice was produced
by the Theiler virus. named after Or. Max
Theier of the Rockefeller Institute for Medi.
cal Research
The Theil,r virus can create paralysis in
mice but 1t cannot produce human infantile
paralysis. Theilcr virus has been found pre-
uously in laboratory mice What is signifi-
cant IS that at White Plains 1t was discovered
in wild mouse for the first time
The virus of mouse paralysis is highly
specialized in mice and dies If il enters the
bodies of most other animals OILY when il is
first transmitted 10 cotton rats can it then be
passed pn to monkeys Monkeys are used in
this rAHarch because they react so nearly like
human beings TO infantile paralysis.
In the same way human polio injected into
monkeys produces paralysis, but this human
virus cannot be carried from monkeys over 10
mice directly. II must first be passed through
the intermediate animal-again thescotton rat.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-04-04
Pathetic Vic.
Tins OF Infantile
Paralysis Spur
Scientists In
Their Con.
quest OF This
Dread Disease.

Here are the true
facts as reported in
the American Journal
OF Public Health by
Or. Jungeblut Of Co
lumhia's m o q i c a |
school and Or. Gilbert
Dalldorf of Grass
lands HOSpital
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-04-04

On the same scale a molcculc
Of water has "A molecular
weight OF is, sixteen for It's
atom Of oxygen and one each
for its two atoms Of hydrogen.
American scientists. u is
learned, predict a comparable
weight for the virus molccule
-- about 100000 This is
the same order of size.
As one American virus oX-
pert said:
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-04-04

The amazing picture
was obtained from the
laboratories Of the No
bel Prize Winner Or.
The Sycdberg Of the
University Of Upsala.
Drs. Sven Gard and
Arnc Tisclius are the
two Swedish scientists
who made the photo
graph and who can
clam credit for dis
covering this landmark
In mans conquest q
iufantilc paralysis
American virus OK
pcrts await publication
Of this picture with OK
trCmc interest FOR Il is
the first 20 arrive in
the Western Hcmis-
phprp and has not vet
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-04-04

These pictures
are historic. l con-
graduate III e.
Swedish workers
on their achieve
mcnt. We Aneri-
cans feel about
[ his work as
American soldiers
Will feel If the
La gaceta., 1943-06-25
CONSEQUENCES
Del ESPECIALISMO

Cleric sabio professor de filoso-
fla llamado Escolastico Plotinez,
que habia llegado a fuerza de no
beber cerveza a conseguir un es-
tado de verdadera "kalokagathia",
que habia soportado las circuns-
tancias mas aZarosas de su vida
unas veces con "ataraxia", otras
con "apatia" y hasta en- algunas
ocasiones con "metropatia" que es
10 mas dificil; y que habia proce-
dido siempre en- sus asuntos con
autentica "sofrosine", o sea con
las cejas levantadas, con los dedos
induces erectos y con los pulgares
metidos en- ell borde del chaleco;
tenia dos hijas muy bellas en- 10
referente a sus grandes ojos obs
curos, aunque de barbilla tan res
baladiza que cast Sc confundian
sus caras con sus cuellos.
Sucedi6 que en- la ciudad donde
habitaban, sc iba a celebrar un
gran bale de mascaras al que es-
taban invitados los j6venes mejor
situados, miembros de las familias
mas pudientes. Este bale, como
puede comprenderse, era funda-
mental para Ell porvenir de las hi
jas de este sabio professor. En- los
dias que lie precedieron TODD era
EN- su casa agitacion y ruido.
-iNos disfrazaremos de pie
rrots!-decia la mayor.
-iNos disfrazaremos de arle-
quin!-decia la menor.
los disfrazareis de mucha-
chas hacendosas, honestas y reca-
adas!-dijo la madre.
II Basta!-exclam6 ell padre
con VOC gruesa y teol6gica.-iOs
La gaceta., 1943-06-25

disfrazareis de 10 que yo Olga!
mo debeis olvidar en- ninguna cir
.cunstancia de la vida que sois hi
jas mias!
Como la firmeza de caracter era
una de las cualidades s~obresalien.
ties de este sabio professor, ningu-
ma de elias Sc atrevio a oponerse
a sus designios. Cuando Sc celebr6
ell bale, n aparecio con un SEN
clio traje azul celeste Y con los
grandes ojos obscuros fijos en- 81
cielo; la otra con un traje abiga-
rrado de diversos dolores, miranda
vivamente a todos los rincones v
cerrando a intervalos los parpa-
dos. Ante ell extraordinario aspec-
to que presentaban hubo I'm gene
raj movimiento de extraneza.
La gaceta., 1943-06-25

% desconoce-, las lineas que lie
tenemos trazadas. Somos injustos,
intolerantes, egoistas. Lo que que
remos son esclavas. Lo que ahora
llamamos fidelidad no es mas cue
una lorna de la esclavitud. La fl
delidad debe ser espontanea, con-
dici6n inevitable del verdadero
amor, del amor sin preston.
Buscas ell matrimonio como una
fuente de afectos nuevos; como
una sustitucion de ritos del mismo
Quito; eres demasiado virtuosa
para encontrar ell esposo que espe-
ras. Los hombres buscamos STEM
pre- cierto grade de maldad en- la
mujer como un preventive en- con-
ira del fastidio. Pobres de noso-
tros, victimas irresponsables. TIL
no 10 deseas como una ~liberacion.
Naciste para ell hogan. P~refieres
la costura al mentiroso bullicio ca
llejero, esta bien, pero me alar-
ma tn amor por la %lectura; teme-
ria que te extraviaras sino te SUI
piera suficientemente fuerte. Ten,
sin embargo, cuidado, la vida cons
ciente es triste, aunque la vida
incosciente es tan felfz que cast
va no es humana.
La gaceta., 1943-06-25
I'm notable 6xito de la aviaci6r.
la victoria de Pantelerla

G ban
dera blanca que la guarniclon
italiana iz6 encima de los picos
dentados de Panteleria era
aIgo mas que una sefal de la.
victoria de las Naciones Uni
das, la cual ha alberto de pal,
en- bar las Was maritimas del
Mediterraneo. La bandera de
rendici6n era ell simbolo de.
una nueva era en- la tactlca
militar. =
Por primera vez en- la historic
militar. una fuerza t~errestre blen
fortifcada y equipada Sc VIC obi
gada a capitular frente a un ataque
aereo llevado a cabo sin ell apoyo
de un solo paracaidista o soldado
de desembarco. Los peritos mill
tares. al escribir los libros de texto
del future, podran exponer nuevas
ideas de la batalla de Panteleria.
Los altos oficiales del Ejercito en-
Washington, a%nunciaron que los
aviadores norteamericanos llevaron
a cabo ell rs por ciento de esa tarea.
AcOntecimientO hist6ricO
FL mayor general James H. Doc
little. uno de los Jefes de las
Fuerzas Aereas norteamericanas,
manifesto que la victoria de Pante-
lerfa es tuna senal decisiva y per-
manente en- la historic de la avia-
ci6n m~ilitar."
"Esta capitalization, manifesto ell
general Doolittle, comprob6, fuera
de toda duda, que ninguna potencia
es capaz de soportar un bombardeo
incesante y concentrate contra OBJ
jetivos embellishments selecciona.
dos" o
Ell general Doolittle revel6 que e
ataque aereo contra la Isla rocos;
v volcanica, fus llevado a cabo col
la misma precision o que Sc solu
ciona una ecuaci6n matematica
Dfa v noche sc bombardearon suce
sivamente determinados blancos.
Una Obra cientifica
Ell brigadier general Lauris Nors
tad, miembro de la Fuerza Aerea d
los Estados Unidos en- ell Norte d
Africa, expres6 que esa victori.
pasara a la historic como un elem
plo del exito de una teoria llevad
a cabo con Ia mayor precision
anadiendo que:
"Fue una obra cientffca, pre-
parada con una exactitud mate
matica."
La Isla de P~antelerfa, la Qua
seGun Mussolini. era otro GibTGLta1
La gaceta., 1943-06-25

fue obligada a rendirse debido a que
las fuerzas aereas de las Naciones
Unidas ocasionaron danos tan for
midables, que aun las defensas de
la isla, protegidas por las rocas,
.fueron destrufdas. En- un dia, sola-
mente, los aviones aliados lanzaron
$3.50 toneladas de bombas y ell alta
que dur6 veinte dfas. Ash es que
este significa que Sc lanzaron tres
veces la cantidad de explosives que
los que cayeron scbre Londres du-
rante su peor noche de la guerra
relampago.
Los bombarderos destruyeron las
baterias antiaereas y cahones de la
artilleria de costa, uno tras otro.
Ell Alto Mando italiano describe Ell
bombardeo como un "ataque cada
vez mas violento."
Como Prelude del intense bonn
bardeo de Pantelerfa, las Fuerzas
Aereas y Navales lograron cortar
sus Was de communication, castiga-
ron las fuentes de abastecimiento
del enemigo e hic.eron TODD 10
possible por "neutralizar" la marina
La gaceta., 1943-06-25

italiana. La Fuerza Aerea tambiad
desempe1o un papel decisive en- eStd
operation.
Gigantesca armada aerea
Mil aviones tomaron parte dial
riamente en- Ia ofensiva final, inI
cluyendo bombarderos, bombardeI
ros ligeros y cazas. Las poderOsaa
|fortalezas volantes norteamerica|
mas bombardearon desde gran altul
ra, operation por la cual sol
consideradas como ell arma mS
formidable del presente confict
Los bombarderos ligeros volaron
|poca altura, lanzando sus mortife
ras cargas. Los bombarderoS e
|picada depositaron sus bombas e
los hangares subterraneos.
Los canones de los buques d
guerra atacaron la isla seis vece'
pero, acknowledgements, ell violent
ataque aereo fue ell que obligo .
|enemigo a izar la bandera blanc
scbre la Isla de Panteleria, escrI
b;endo asi un nuevo capitulo de !
historic militar.