davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-05-20
ChurchiI's u. ). Trip
To Bring Lasting Gain
To Allies, Eden Says
Foreign Secretary Sees
Heavier Aerial Blows
Against Germans
By the Associated Press.

/ LONDON, May 20.-Describing
Winston Churchill as the great
est Englishman of our time"
Foreign Secretary Anthony
Eden declared today he had no
doubt the Prime Minister'S visit
to the United States will, like
his previous travels, bring last
ing gain to the Allied cause"
Addressing a Conservative party
conference, Mr.. Eden struck a key
note of confidence that the coming
months would see an ever-increasing
Allied air offensive against Europe
an objective that Mr.. Churchill in
dicated yesterday in his Washington
statement that it would be worthy
of experiment to attempt to bomb
the Axis out of the war.
Declaring Germany already is
being bombed not only around the
clock, but around the map, Mr..
Eden asserted:
Let me assure Germany that
despite what Hitler and Goebbels
are saying" the RAF bomber COM
mand still is gathering strength"
las the months pass, our enemies
wilr feel its blow ever more heavily
he added.
I'VE know what is best for Ger
many-bombing by day and night
ceaselessly and continuously, hour
by hour, until the war is won
That is the program we have
/ prepared for Germany
Turning to Italy. he said: Nor
will MusSolini be forgotten.
/ Commenting on the turning tide
in the battle of the Atlantic. another
factor mentioned by Mr.. Churchill
in his address to Congress, Mr.. Eden
asserted, Our ship construction is
mounting, our merchant shipping
losses are decreasing, and sinking OF
U-boats is increasing"
The Conservative Party confer
ence, told by Mr.. Eden that I'VE
are met at a time in our national
affairs when it's proper to rejoice, -
messaged Mr.. Churchill. expressing
loyal and unabated support"
Mr.. Churchill's statement regard
ing the possibility of bombing the
Axis out of the war was regarded
here generally as a forecast of
heavier and heavier aerial blows.
Harris Statement Recalled.
The comment recalled to air OBJ
servers here that a year ago Air
Marshal Sir Arthur T. Harris de-
clared 1000 bombers operating
nightly for a month could blast
Germany into submission
Although a spokesman at the Air
Ministry was non-committal as to
whether the theory might be tested,
some observers pointed out that
mounting Allied aircraft production
might provide the necessary planes
by the end of this year.
The ministry spokesman said the
current aerial offensive against Eu-
rope was part of the general war
(See EDEN, Page A-2O.)
Evening star., 1943-05-20
British Cumeromun
Missing on kiel Raid
BY the Associated Press

BY the Associated Press.
LONDON, May 20. Edward
George Lewis, 80, British newsreel
cameraman for Paramount News,
who went on yesterdays raid by
United States heavy bombers on
Kiel. Germany, was reported miss
ing today by headquarters of the
European theater of operations Of
the United States Army.
Mr.. Lewis was assigned to the 9Th
Air Force to take pictures for the
British Newsreel Association. Army
headquarters reported that at least
three parachutes were seen to. open
from the Fortress in which he was
! riding.
Evening star., 1943-05-20
SOME MISSISSIPPI LEvEES
feared imperiled by flood
Page Al
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
CHANUTE, Kans., May 20-Two
orphans Of the food-a couple Of
passenger trains trying to get from
st. Louis to San Antonio-wandered
on from Chanute today in their
roundabout Odyssey, hopeful Of
achieving their destination in the
near future.
The two trains-the Frisco Meteor
and the Katy Texas Special-left
st. Louis Monday night on jour-
ney that normally would have put
them In San Antonio the following
night.
But then came the floods in Mis-
souri,, Kansas, Oklahoma and Ar
kansas and today found the iron
horses still plodding around through
Kansas, far from home.
The two trains, carrying nearly
1000 passengers, chiefly soldiers on
leave, painted into Chanute last night
on the Santa Re tracks and put up
for the night.
Tuesday they were at Parsonss
Evening star., 1943-05-20
Portugal to Let Troops
Go Home for Harvest .
By the Associated Press.

BY tne A8S0cfated Press.
LISBON. Portugal, May 20.-The
Ministry of War announced yester-
day that about $4,000 men in the
Army or in training would be re-
leased to go back to their homes
and help In agricultural harvesting
due to shortage of help.
The men will return to the ranks
after several weeks Of free work on
the land.
Evening star., 1943-05-20
'UItimatum' on Tax
Compromise Issued
By Senator George
Asks Action in ; Duys
Or Abandonment of
Poy-os-You-Go Plan
BY the Associated Press.

In what amounts to an ulti-
matum, Chairman George of
the Senate Finance Committee
said today that unless the Sen
ate-House conferees can agree
within three days on a compro-
mise bill he will be ready to
abandon pay-as-you-go tax leg
islation this session.
| Little hope for an agreement was
left when House MINORITY Leader
Martin announced he was natly
opposed to compromise and would
insist on adoption of the modified
Ruml skip-a-year plan.
The conferees arranged to meet at
10 am. today for their first effort
to compose fundamental differences
of the two chambers in current COL
lection measures.
This first two-hour preliminary
meeting failed to bring any decision.
Senator Danaher, Republican, Of
Connecticut told reporters. The
only thing we agreed on was the
time to meet again q p.m)."
The Senate conferees are bound
by the Senate's action to hold out
for modified version of the Ruml
plan under which the lesser of either
1912 or 1943 taxes would be abated
for all persons except those with
Windfall income. The House group,
on the other hand. is directed to
support bill abating the 6 per
cent normal and 13 per cent first
bracket surtaX on l942 incomes.
making approximately 80 per cent
of the taxpayers current.
George Has Compromise Plan.
Both bills call for 20 per cent
withholding tax on wages and
salaries, starting July /, and while
there has been talk Of an attempt
to report out a compromise contain
ing this single feature, Senator
George said he would fight such a
move as discriminatory against wage
earners.
Il am willing to be patient if there
seems some chance of getting a
workable compromise out of the con-
ference the Georgian told report
ers. but if we have made no prog
ress within three days, am in favor
of letting the whole thing CO."
Senator George intends to advance
as compromise a proposal to abate
Is per cent Of the lesser of either
1912 or 1943 taxes for all persons,
with the remaining Is per cent to be
paid over the next two years in addi-
ton to the regular levies.
Defeat in the House of the Ruml
proposal. meanwhile, reverberated in
a declaration by Representative
Halleck, Republican Indiana, that
the Once of War Information had
spread propaganda against pay-as-
you-go proposals.
OWL Pamphlet Attacked.
The Halleck statement accused
Owl OF propagandizing through its
publication, How to Raise 16 Bill
| AA0AA. AOoAACAt IGOOSCtSlU fCCOkll.
mended to Congress in January that
1t find means of raising SIG, 5000 ,0O0,-
600 additional in revenues and COM
pulsory savings. Mr.. Halleck said !:
I'm the midst of the controversy to
effect pay-as-you-earn taxation owl
threw its efforts and money appro-
priated by Congress to win the war
behind the plan of the Treasury and
the New Deal 10 defeat the will of
the people.
Operating subtly. under the
screen Of war information, the Fed
eral propagandists sought to first
build case against pay-as-y -you-go
taxation and then to inspire letter
writing campaign to influence Con-
gress.
With money borrowed from wal
| (Cae yEC Dooo ON
Evening star., 1943-05-20

(See FOOD, Page A-6)
Evening star., 1943-05-20

(See TAXES, Page A-20)
Evening star., 1943-05-20

(see sT1MsON. Page A-20.)
Evening star., 1943-05-20

(See EDEN, Page A-20.
Evening star., 1943-05-20

Late news and sports are covered on
Pages Tx and 2-X of this edition Of
The Star, supplementing the news Of
the regular home delivered edition.
Evening star., 1943-05-21
Where To G6Za|*F}1
What To P!2N1ytbf
7ezg5sE: 8 C1IyzZL4
- - \HZZZYSSSAz&S COOL SUMMER SHEERS

Seventeenth and K streets NV,
$3.50 o'clock tonight.
FOR COLORED SERVICEMEN.
Recreation, smokes, hostesses,
refreshments, Leisure Lodge, 1439
U street NV, noon to midnight to-
night.
Skating, 8 o'clock; dancing,
orchestra, hostesses and Smokes
for the Yanks by the Orchids" 9
o'clock tonight; YWCA CUSO), 9O1
Rhode Island avenue NV.
bicycling. 8 o'clock; dance, 9
o'clock; Banneker Servicemen's
Center, $500 Georgia avenue NV.
war workers dance, orchestra,
hostesses, refreshments, YMCA
(USO), 1916 Twelfth street NV,
midnight tonight
war workers welcome.
Evening star., 1943-05-21
One Way to Catch Rats;
Get Them Drunk First

By the Associated Press.
BERKELEY, Calf Here's George
Hoyt's advice on catching rats: Get
them drunk.
MIR. Hoyt, Federal war housing
director, cited his rat-catching ex-
periments at Dartmouth College. He
said he found the rodents particu-
larly susceptible to frozen pudding
favored with sherry.
Il got those rats so tight I could
catch them with my bare hands. 4"
Evening star., 1943-05-27
ChurchiII's War Survey

Winston Churchill's press confer
ence, held Jointly with President
Roosevelt at the White House. is an
interesting supplement to his address
before Congress just a week before.
During that intervening week, con-
tlnuous discussions between the
Allied political, diplomatic, and mill
tary heads now gathered in Wash
ington presumably have clarified
lnter-Allled plans and detectives; so
Britain's Prime Minister faced the
assembled gathering of newspaper
representatives with a fuller in
tormational background and a more
assured outlook
Mr.. Churchill handled his Jour-
nallstlc audience with the dexterity
for which he is noted and which
might be expected from an ex-
perienced parliamentarian A bar
rage of questions was dealt with bv
tactics of mingled candor and deft
reticence, high lighted with humor-
Gus flashes or glints of sarcasm. Out
Of the complex pattern of queries
and answers there emerges a survey
Of the present war situation distinctly
optimistic in tone. especially when
it is contrasted with the situation a
year ago.
The most interesting statement
made during the interview was the
Prime Minister'S reference to the
Far Eastern and Pacific situation.
His remarks on this score envisioned
the Waging of war simultaneously
and with something like equal vigor
against both ends of the Axis. This
was becoming possible owing to the
expanding resources of the United
Nations, and he added that the inter-
Allied conference had arrived at
some conclusions about smashing
Japan that he believed to be good
and sound. Naturally, Mr.. Church.
i'll gave no specific intimations as to
Just when. where or how those con-
Evening star., 1943-05-27
Experience in Government

Undersecretary of Commerce
Wayne Chatfleld Taylor, addressing
the Society for the Advancement
of Management, drew an interesting
contrast between the lessons learned
long since by military organizations
and the lessons which, obviously,
were not learned in the creation of
new agencies of Government to fight
the war. THE armed forces discov-
cred long time ago." he said, that
even the most brilliant industrialist
was of little use in the field or even
at headquarters until he learned both
the fundamentals of military organ
ization and military science. Putting
it bluntly, bitter experience proved
that unframed civilians killed too
many people and that doesn't mean
the enemy"
But in creating new civilian
agencies in Washington for the war
effort, by-passing the old established
agencies of Government which might
have been expanded to take on the
same tasks, the tendency has been
to bring in men of broad experience
in private activities who nevertheless
are handicapped by a lack of
knowledge of what government is
and how it functions" Most of the
headon collisions which have oc-
Cured during this period" Mr.. Taylor
said can be attributed to Govern
ment's failure to assure itself that
the new star players knew both the
system and the signals. In fact, the
new recruits were given every en-
couragement to start running with
the ball as soon as they reported for
duty. 1t is wonder that they have
been able to accomplish as much as
they have, and that the collisions
have not been more frequent and
more fatal
Mr. Taylor believes the principles
of indoctrination, long since prac-
ticed by the armed forces, should be
adopted by civilian agencies as we'll
and that ''cadres' of experienced
administrative or governmental per-
sonnel management should be as
signed to new agencies. Failure to
have done this on a wide scale has
been expensive in money and, per-
haps, in lives. Civilian government
is becoming more of a science and
calls for men trained in the processes
of Government
Evening star., 1943-05-27
Peace
rom the London Daily Herald.

From the London Daily Herald.
We are fighting for peace Having
won it, how shall we preserve it?
If peace is to endure, it must be planned
in advance. It's problems must be re-
garded by the victors as inseparable from
the problems of war. The cessation
of hostilities' will not end the struggle.
The aim of the struggle is to make
future "hostilities" impossible, and that
aim can be secured only by removing
the causes of war. The chief cause of
war is economic insecurity To remove
economic insecurity among the nations
requires an organized revolution of
international relationships, organized,
planned and prepared. We cannot ex-
pect new international order to
arrive spontaneously as by-product of
victory. We expected as much after the
last war, and are eating the fruit of
our expectations at this moment. In
1919-though we did not know 1.-THE
shadow Of 1899 was already darkening
our celebrations. The victors had failed
to look beyond the Armistice. They had
shirked, during the war, the adequate
planning Of the peace. They had beaten
the enemy. But they had lost the war.
Evening star., 1943-05-27
Rail Wage Decision

The railroad wage negotiations
which have been in progress for sew
eral months, are running true to
form, presidential emergency board
created under the Railway Labor Act
recommending an eight-cent hourly
increase for the million members of
the Is incorporating brotherhoods-
and thereby preserving the success
full bargaining record of the unions.
In thus supporting, in part, the
demands of the workers who wanted
a 20-cent increase with a 7O-cent
hourly minimum, the board leaned
heavily on the rewritten version of
the hold the line" stabilization
order promulgated earlier this month,
which permits wage adjustments to
correct gross inequities when this is
done without disturbing cost levels.
More than half the beneficiaries of
the prospective raise already have
received the Is per cent cost
of-llving adjustment permitted by
the little stee" formula, as the
result of the general increase given
rallmen a year ago, the board said.
But despite this, the report en-
phasized that railroad employees re
ceive substantially lower wage rates
than comparable groups of employees
in outside industries,' and bolstered
this contention with an argument in
favor of an additional grant to assure
uninterrupted transportation. The
increase was described as the mini
mum" desirable under the circum-
stances, and the carriers, whose
revenues recently were slashed about
S300,000,000 annually through the
medium of acknowledgement
freight rate reduction, can absorb
the $20400o,0Oo yearly payroll boost
involved without increasing their
charges, it was added The board
asserted, somewhat ambiguously.
that it was recommending no de-
parture' from the "little steel"
formula.
The proposed wage award still is
subject to approval by the Economic
Stabilization Director, and to accept
ance by the principals, but favorable
action in each instance probably is
no more than a formality. That the
decision will be helpful to the operat-
ing brotherhoods, who have a 80 per
cent wage demand before another
board, seems certain.
Evening star., 1943-05-27
Liberiun Guests

The visit of President Edwin Bar
clay and President elect William V.
S. Tubman of Liberia to Washington
represents the confirmation of ties
of national friendship of a specially
significant variety. 1t is not too
much to say that the Liberian re-
public is a direct outgroWth of the
United States. Several American
philanthropic societies were respon-
sible for the settlement on the west
coast of Africa which now is a full
f1edged ally in the struggle against
the Axis. The colony was founded
in 1922; Liberia as free and inde-
pendent nation was established in
l847. 1t was the choice of the
founders to follow the pattern Of the
Constitution of the United States in
the formulation Of the basic law of
the new country. The government
includes a cabinet, a Senate, a House
OF Representatives.
Occupying a strip Of territory about
$50 miles long, Liberia is bounded by
the British colony of Sierra Leone,
and the French colony of the Ivory
Coast Its location is strategically
important in relation to the war and
also In connection with the develop
ment of global prosperity and secur-
ity after victory has been achieved.
Agricultural and mineral resources
of great value await exploitation.
Experimental rubber growing has
proven its worth and will be acceler-
ated. Gold and iron deposits are
available to be worked. The demands
of the reconstruction period to begin
when Germany and Italy have been
conquered should have the effect of
stimulating Liberian progress prodig-
lously.
Both President Barclay and Mr..
Tubman are earnest men, devotedly
seeking the benefit of their own
people and their neighbors alike.
Their views are large and generous,
Evening star., 1943-05-27
Churchill With No Promises
Contrasted With Hitler and His.

To the Editor of The Star:
On May 10 the House and Senate
OF the American Congress listened to
an address by the Hon. Winston
Churchill, Prime Minister of Great
Britain that will live long in the
memories of those privileged to hear it.
In some ways the address was, per-
haps. disappointment to many. Not
in its impressive presentation of facts,
nor in the obvious confidence of the
speaker in eventual success of Allied
arms; but, the man who had nothing
to offer his own people but possible
long years of tears, sweat and blood,
had no assurance for the wives, moth
ers and sweethearts of those in service
but long and bloody struggle before
the enemy is beaten.
AS soldier as we'll as a diplomat,
Mr.. Churchill is well aware of the un-
certainties and vicissitudes Of war. He
therefore promised nothing.
There was one sentence, howsvw-
Evening star., 1943-05-27
CHEVY CHASE.

Dear Sir.
Il want you and your many readers to
rejoice with me at the way my grass
seed has come up this spring. I had
heard so much about fall-soWn seed do
ing the best that was almost afraid to
plant any grass seed. Some of my neigh
bors assured me that it would do no good.
We'll went right ahead and planted
it, anyway, in my stubborn fashion, and
now I have the incest lawn you ever
saw. 1t came up right in the dry days,
but here again I acted stubborn1y and
did not listen to another neighbor who
said new grass simply must be watered
1T is amazing how many things neigh
bors know which aren't true!
THE rains have now come along very
nicely spaced, so that my grass is grow
ing at such rate that I have to cut it
every four days. 1t seems to me that
this is entirely too often to cut grass,
but what am I going to do?
Il think there is nothing better in a
yard than a good lawn. It has been a
source of regret to me, since coming to
Washington to notice the large number
of poor lawns. Why is this? Washing
ton seems to have enough rain and the
atmosphere is often humid. There is a
river and a creek.
Back home we have no trouble at all
with our lawns. Even people who pay no
particular attention to this feature of
the home have lawns which are a great
credit to them.
Il find around here that the good
lawn is exceptional. What would you
suggest as to which is best-grass seed
soWn in spring or in the fall?
Sincerely yours, M. G."
The best time of year to plant grass
seed Is when it groWs-and that is
either autumn or spring
This spring grass seed seems to have
done exceptionally we'll everywhere, and
no matter how sown. We have seen fine
results with careful planting-and
equally good results with careless plant
ing!
Those who have prepared the soil
properly, and covered up the seed, have
SNSN@A W.
sons who have just thrown the Seed on
bare ground.
Persons careful about such matters
were inclined at first to look with amaze
ment at seed broadcast over the ground.
At the time, the bare earth was baked
hard. No respectable grass seed, they
thought, would be able to take root and
grow, after such planting.
The joke of it was that seed sown in
this manner did about as we'll as the seed
put in carefully, according to the best
garden instruction.
Just how much of the carelessly- -sown
seed was rye, and hence will die down
again, in the middle of summer, yet re-
mains to be seen. But there can be no
galnsaying that for the present at least,
many lawns sown In such a way are Just
Evening star., 1943-05-27
Keep EN- ROLLING

Hitherto the roller skate has been
but toy, only slightly more practical
and dlgnlf1ed as means of transport
than the pogo stick. A less warlike
vehicle, if such it may be called,
would be hard to imagine, yet now it
may actually go to war as a humble
supplement to the tank, the jeep
and the plane. A New York inventor
has designed special military
streamlined skate, to transport SOL
diers on paved roads, and costing less
than shoe. This makes it cheap
skate, but the inventor is not. He
offers his services to Uncle Sam
for a nickel year.
1t may be assumed that the aver
age adult has long ago forgotten how
to skate, and thus in the attempt to
keep 'em rolling is added another
item to the staggering list of accom-
pllshments the recruit must learn.
In every company is an awkward
squad, penalized by extra drill, and
consisting of small percentage of
the unit. Drilling on wheels, the per-
centage is bound to rise alarmingly,
perhaps to such an extent that al
most the entire outfit is included,
especially on what should be the
simplest and most welcome maneu-
yer of all-Company, Halt! Yet there
may be compensation for the recruit.
No ones luck can last forever, not
even sergeant's, and surely the war
weary recruit would get a big boost
in morale if he saw the drill sergeant,
literally and truly, fall down on the
lob.