davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-07-15

The race is habituated TO assaults and
through the ages seems to have acquired q
sort of immunity to their terror.
This protective capacity of the race wal
strongly impressed upon my mind in 1916,
when | was in Belgium and became acquainted
with the historic valley of the Meuse River.
Along the steep banks there are natural
caves. Early man lived in these caves so long
and so continuously that the race of that
period is known as that of the cave man. He
lived as he did for protection against attack.
AT points along the river may be seen the
greatest feats of military engineering Of the
seventeenth century-the elaborate fortresses
of the famous soldier, Vauban-at Lieges,
Nemur, Binant and at Verdun. They were the
highest expression of the defensive mind OF
their time. They resisted assault beleaguer-
ment and siege.
NTERDUN itself became an area of concen-
trio circles of forts and defense work, with
a radius Of a dozen miles. The German prepa-
ration for assault was made by greater con-
centration Of artillery fire than had ever been
known.
On the eighth day Of the attack ! was in
the fields near Waterloo inspecting yeast
factory which was part of my then RESPONSE
biity. According 10 my own calculation, YER
dun was 140 miles away. yet hour after hour
/ could hear the roar Of that attack coming
down the valley of the Meuse.
The outer Notifications, the heavily con-
structed fortresses, fell but out of the rubbe,
broken walls, and by field works thrown up
by their own hands, the valorous French SOL
diers maintained their ultimate positions. kept
up their fire and after months of uncertainty
Verdun was saved.
The lessons of modern warfare tend to dis
credit the value Of elaborate Notifications
The Maginot Line was enveoped and fell
Passive defense must be dismissed from they
expedients of warfare. The heaviest guns in
fixed positions have become hess esteemed
than artillery that is mobile.
DUT undoubtedly the best defense is in the
ID human spirit itself. its valor its obstnacy
and its acquired feeling Of indifference 10
death. There never was a time in warfare
when soldiers more needed shelter than they
do today.
But left 10 themselves and with their own
tools and their own expedients they learn 10
dig in, to scoop out foxholes, 10 extemporize
trenches, 10 seize the advantage Of everything
that offers cover from fire.
A long inheritance of search for protection
seems 10 come to their aid and this. if they
will cling TO their weapons and use them with
accuracy and CELEBRITY, Will make resistance
which the heaviest assaults cannot rupture.
And behind the tenacious Lines Of these
toughened fighters, old men, women and little
children cnging 10 the ruins Of their homes,
descend into cellars and cavities. into natural
crevces Of the ground and wait in nuiet con-
fidence that the storm of bombs will cease.
This is one Of the most astonishing demon
STATIONS in modern war of what the long his
tory of the race has produced in the soul Of
mankind.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-07-15
Westbrook Pcgzcr
Records Show Up MussoIini's Viciousness

perhaps, the Greeks, will Salve
their pride and their wounds
and, for what they may he
worth. turn them against the
Germans in mischief and Sabo-
tage
THE BIG fighting nations
l. can afford 10 do that but
the Greeks will not forget TO re-
mind Italy that a little country
took on the buns invincibleS
and gave him the advantage of
a,sneak punch and then mauled
them in the mountains until
the duce rad 70 yell TO Hitler
to drag them off
That was sheer military dis
grace just as the horrors are
indelible, however Italy and the
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-07-15

THE airplane is surely the most remarkable
i weapon of modern war, but in several
respects it has not yet justified the claims
of its partisans, made before this war began.
Air bombing has risen 10 terrific heights of
destruction but so far has not, unasssted by
other arms, reduced a fortress or city 10
surrender.
Pantelleria may be an exception, but the
situation itself was exceptional. Secondly,
air bombardments, so far have failed to COM
pIetely break the resistance of human beings,
whether soldiers or civilians.
This fact would appear to refute the
famous theory of the Italian air expert,
Gen Douhet who maintained that 48 to 60
hours of continuous, unceasing air attack,
would bring great cities and through them,
entire nations, to such distraction that within
a few days they would surrender.
A T THE close of the civil war in Spain, the
"A city of Barcelona was reported to have
fallen because of the utter decentralization of
the inhabitants under bombardment of Italian
planes from the Baleares Islands.
These reports were evidently exaggerated,
and took no account of the fact that the
Spanish city Of Valencia, which had been
bombed almost daily over a long period, gave
no signs of collapsng
A British scientist of considerable repute
visited Barcelona and prepared report that
made extraordinary predictions that were
never realized.
He stated as a scientist that there was
no possible protection of a population from
air attack; that underground shelters were
useless unless excavated to 50 feet beneath
the surface of the ground; that the refuge at
DALI hat tbo
king and queen would perish if London were
bombed.
These dismal forebodings were utterly
disproved when the long and terrible bonn
bardment Of London came The British people
did not give in and they did not cease their
vital activities.
Important points in Europe have now
been bombed scores and hundreds Of times
buildings, factories, Notifications, even
dams. have been destroyed But the human
element survived, and remains defiant.
WHAT is the explanation of this? First,
w people in war have learned to dig in.
Public and private shelters are constructed
everywhere. Some of them are mere shelters
on top Of the ground like the igloo of an
Eskimo, which would be destroyed by direct
hit but protect against the wide fragmenta
ten ef bomb which is its greatest power of
destruction.
At any rate, all over the world from China
TO Malta, on war warning, people, both sol
diers and civilians, resort to shelters, remain
in them in a kind of complacency and ease,
until the storm has swept over them.
Underneath all explanation there lies the
fact that man, from his first emergence TO The
present time, has had to live dangerously,
survive pursuit and attack Of every kind, and
seems to have acquired an inherited instinct
for endurance and defense.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-07-15
knowledge Test
By DIR. sABINA CONNOLLY

What places We're once called
ta) Etrur'a lhj AragOn; lCl
Helvetls7
What state CLAIMS him ca
Charles Ljndhergh tbl Ven
dell Nillke tcJ Colin Keil
3-whst x ne literal meaning
OF ta) Plnce-nez. th) persona
non grata. lc) entire nous
Near what town lsj ca r
Mcclellan 10 Fort Bliss CO..
Fort Benjamin Harrison
5-What are three of ne SIX
Central American republics
6-What famous foods come from
these places: "a Aroosfook
County Maine tbi Bar-le-
due France. Lei Ncucha.eA
Switzerland
Complete these sayings tal
The world Is so fuiI \
manner ~ things .....
tbl Early t0 bed and ear't
70 rise 49,. tct Nlerf
the Cab0tS speak only tc
IyOWeIly ....
(Anrvrers nm Ouposite- paVel
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-07-15
Economy Is Planning
or Invisible Cabinet
By PAUL MALL0N

WASHINGTON, July l5-The
w impression is established
among congreSsmen--from what
they hear inSi d e-that the
ByrneS-VinsOn-JOneS regime is
largely a front for an invisible
cabinet which really plans the
domestic economy
President ROoSevcltS cSpouSal
of the subsidy plan has been
attributed, for instance, 10 this
cabinet.
The congressman have heard
of a meeting al the White
House, attended by the leading
executive officials of the adj
ministration, at which admins
tration policy on this subject
was 10 be determined.
The nominal leaders, the men
whose names are in the news
papers every day, were not
strong for White House espousal
of the subsidy doctrine
The President sided against
them, however, and in favor Of
a quintet of officials whose
names seldom reach the public
eye.
THESE five, now frequently
Il referred TO as the Quiz
Kids, included Harry Hopkins.
Ben Cohen, Judge RoScnman.
Edward Pritchard and Richard
Gilbert.
Further to establish the ON
impotence of this invisible five,
q Democratic leader in Con-
GreSs confidcd 10 his associates
that Ben Cohen tWho is Mr..
ByrneS' legal adviser wrote the
first draft of the Presidents
veto of the commodity credit
bill and its antisubsidy pro-
vision.
Even more direct evidence
crops up.
The meat industry. including
livestock men drew up a plan
which IFS leaders believed would
help solve the situation
Among other things, the meat
men wanted government pur-
chase of 40 10 As per cent Of all
meat as a means Of Stabillzing
prices and keeping them down
They first received the APP
proval of Chester Davis, then
food administrator. and from
him went 10 see . Economic
Stabilizer Fred VlnSon.
He passed them on 10 War
Moblizor ByrncS. who said the
idea sounded good, % but he WAS
operating un der direCtivoS.
RyrncS suggested they see the
President.
When they did, tho President
sent them back to ByrncS. Even
then. BurncS would only say:
ut is my duty To administer
the program given to ME"
The meat men thercupon had
10 conclude that the policy
makers of the government were
not those whose names are on
top. but no doubt the Quiz
Kids Of the invisible cabinet
THE public thus has a wholly
Il wrong impression of the
Washington domestic war setup.
This invisible cabinet. in the
main. has been working behind
Mr.. Roosevelt for many years
Cohen was in NRA, Hopkins
in WPA, and Roscnman at the
Presidents elbow in the earliest
stages Of the New Deal.
|WPritchard IS only another
name for Felix Frankfurter, m
asmuCh AS no was former sec
Rotary 10 The supreme court
Justice and a representative OF
that school Of thought
Gilbert. special assistant 70
OPA AdmIniStrator Brown rs
one Of tho old Henderson crowd,
a New York lawyer who dab
hled IN economics.
4 PPARENTLY. whenever tho
n knudsenS and Nelson's are
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-07-15

CHURCHILL said he would
~ rip their African empire 10
shredS and tatters. An absurd
threat from a man whose capt.
tai was battered and afire.
whose coasts were threatened.
who was sparingly shipping his
pathetic strength the long way
around Africa and whose navy
was overstretched, overStrained.
patched and rusty.
The bum OF buns had spent
years showing off his tanks and
his long, precise rows Of war
planes assembled for the war
of empire in Africa and sending
the glorified Grand Hotel door
man Of his general staff diving
through hoops Of fire TO DEM
onstrate their ferocity.
THE British and the French.
4 and OF course the Germans,
even then insisted on hurting
the buns feelings by reiterat-
ing that whatever uniform they
wore the Italian soldiers would
still run away when the fightinsc
started and they have neve {
stopped.
The bum himself is no more
Nhan a miserable Quisling now,
contemplate alike in the eyes
Of his ally and his foes and the
laughing stock of the world
And on the tomb Of the bum.
himself. no more fitting phrase
could be Inscribed than the
remark of Stanley Ketchell
when ne was asked why jim
Jeffries lost to Jack johnson:
THE big tramp wasn't even
game
Registered. United states Patent Omoa
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-07-15
America S Way Wins

THE United Nations invaded Sicily prelude to
offensive against Italy and all of Europe held by the Axis.
initial phases Of the invasion successful and there
the fullest confidence that the major detectives will be attained
The campaign we'll organized.
1t has been well executed
There is every reason to believe it will succeed
And when has succeeded it will be great triumph for
productive free enterprise in the United States
THE Sicily mounted principally and almost entirely
Many ships which carried the invading force Sicily
we're AMERICAN manned and built
its Indispensable cover UNITED STATES
and supplies the vast stores fuel AMERICAN in
The OFFENSIVE AGAINST SICILY WAS MADE POSSIBLE BY
TT VAS LAUNCHED AND CARRIED OUT WITH AMERICAN
n FACT, THE UNITED NATIONS ARE NOT CAPABLE OF
OFFENSyES NVASIONS WITHOUT AMERC AN PRODU CTION
ENGLAND been kept in the Dunrk by American
RUSSIA Sangrad with substantial aid of American
Even China staying the war principally the HOPE of being
saved ultimately by American production
THESE be remembered when the part of the United States
i in disparaged.
1t has often been disparaged in the past MI, /. n:
often said that E Egn d ksp tn the Rov B Fl p s
Of the American tanker fleets that got the to England aa tho
without mention of the American conveys that made the hazardous
American production has from been the
mansty of Allied front has prevented every duraging defeat
fTsns 2s wills WS THE H w 2aF made every Aimed success s ana
winning the American production will win the peace
will feed the hungry nations and establish their industries and give
vitality Americans s2 9nS production odsf the wonder and
1t enabling free nations to survive
1t making conquered nations free again - un,,,r,
snF7EB EXISTED IN THE UNITED STATES AND "AS F
this when American system of free enterprise is
within and smeared by our own politicians
c our system 81 @ agarst dispapemSnt and uersion and dis
rpve destructive domestic enemies will always win our wars
eventually the permanent that our basic desire
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-07-15
TO TIE EDITOR:

TO THE EDITOR:
T ULD like TO know
Il whether or not a poStman
is obligated 20 close gates or is
the matter left 10 his sense Of
courtesy cor lacx Of iO ?
There IS no place outside the
gate where We can attach the
mailbox. Therefore II Is neces-
sary for HIM 10 open the gate
to 60 10 the house.
The purpose Of the gate is 10
keep our small daughter from
wandering out onto the street,
so we are deeply concerned be-
cause the postman refuses 10
close II.
He has been politely asked TO
do so. 70 which he GROSSLY re-
piled that he wasn't being paid
10 close gates. and if he had TO,
he'd stop bringing our mail.
Must ! SIT AZ the window
watching every day 50 ! can
dash out after hirl 10 close it,
MRS. HENRY BoIAN,
1921 HOlborn.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-07-15
MRS. HENRY BoIAN,
1921 HOlborn.

TO THE EDITOR
OCT. COWLING' 5 plea. which
- appeared IN your publication
on the eighth surely deserves
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-07-15

ADJ money sent a. srrters risk DO nut
Send tssr ar stamps All checks drafts
ard unrrr orders should rs made Tatatie
'r THf TfAF- pf BliSHffi CDNTkNf
International <fVs srrt .ar has ~ eVrII.
SIZE rrrs fr Use frr reprndIc'f0n q any
fcfw aH rsVs 1ifratrhss rrs1rsd M u %
not othsrwitt cFeditsa IA TINS paper.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-07-15
Bombs and the Man


hority Pres ident University California
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-07-15

Italian people may try 10 disa-
VOW the bum in generations l. 1
come. y
Al one dark hour Of Britain's
war when she stood alone against
Germany Italy and Japan. and
yes, even Russia. except as such
help as the United States could
give under an adaptation of the
sly and dishonest subterfuge OF
nonbelligerency which the duce
used 70 cover his war in Spain,
Winston Churchill had the fight
ing nerve to address 10 the Itsl-
ian people a threat which must
have seemed 10 them TO be the
rawlings of a fighting fool COM
ing off the floor for the last
time bloody and shaken but de-
termlned 70 die game.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-07-15
DETRoTTSssyTIME

Published every Week Day Evening and
Sunday Morning hy The Times Publishing
Company A. 1928 Times Square. Detroit 80,
Michigan
Entered az Detroit Mich a. second class
Mail Matter.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-07-15

Subscription rate Gin advance b' m4l
,c- aEs pace lH.tas United Siat~s Cs1sds
cr Mexico tOn Canadian subscription
add l01, 10 cover var import tax
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-07-15

THE United Nations have invaded Sicily, as prelude to an
offensive against Italy and all of Europe held by the Axis
The initial of the invasion successful and there
is the fullest confidence that the detectives will be attained
The campaign was we'll organized.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-07-15

DY CONTRAST with the
ID buns threats and his pre-
d.of.onS az conquest which, in
cideulally, by no means all
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1943-07-15

APPARENTLY. whenever the
n knudSenS and Nelson's are
Evening star., 1943-06-20
Chicago Livestock

CHICAGO, June 10 OP.-With only 400
head OF hogs on sale. no reliable test OF
market conditions was possible today and
prices were quoted nominaly unchanged
Average price of hogs yesterday was
Sl3.11 against Sl4.02 a week ago and
Sl4 20 year ago. The Sl3.77 figure
maintained for the last three days this
week, was only , cents above the level
at which the Government has said il
would support hive hog prices.
Marketing Of hogs ran well above last
year and prices slumped 10 to 25 cents
during the week. The price rolback and
SUBSIDY program was considered an i'm
stock men.
The cattle market ended a week of utter
confusion with steers and yearlngs 25 TO
40 cents lower. Large declines were scored
early in the week, but a sharp reduction
IN arrivals brought some recovery later in
the week. The roilback program was re-
Sponslbie for the slump, with many small
Killers out of the market. Other sections
OF the cattle division also closed lower
sheep were weak and Western clipped
lambs lost 30 to IS cents during the
week. but spring lambs were little changed
Omitted States Department OF. Asricul-
ture) ).-Sa bile hogs, 400: total. $500;
market nominally steady; not enough good
and choice hogs on sale TO test conditions
shippers took none, compared week ago
barrows and kits. 1920 lower. sows, Io-
rs lower.
Evening star., 1943-06-20
Ground Cover
In Shade

If there is some spot on the
property where grass does not grow
well, perhaps you can solve the
problem with a ground cover. This
is a good time to consider the idea
and plan for establishing one next
year.
Ground covers are often ideal in
shady places-under trees, for in
stance. Two very useful plants for
this purpose are Pachysandra ter
minalis. or Japanese spurge, and
Vinca minor, or periwinkle, COM
monty called myrtle New varieties
of myrtle are superior to the original
type.
Both of these plants do well in
the shade, and both require soil that
is only slightly acid, although
Pachysandra is more acid-tolerant
than Vinca. The plants are avail
able from many nurserymen, and
given a moderate amount of shade
and water-they will grow we'll in
out-of-the-way places.
Nothing much but moss grows
well under Norway Maple or red
maple trees. Their roots are so
close to the surface of the ground
that they compete with smaller
plants for moisture and plant food.
Consequently, there is not much
use attempting a ground cover in
such situation unless you want to
go to the trouble of digging out the
roots and adding plenty of organic
matter to the soil With ample
water, ground covers can be grown
fairly successfully this way for
while, but the roots will eventually
work themselves to the surface
again.
Evening star., 1943-06-20
Quantity Guide for Canning
Victory Garden Products

With 10 million Victory gardens growing many home
maker Will have homegrown garden
1000 Tor summer meals and and
In local markets aso there be
sufficiently abundant to attract
on the lookout for food to put up
learn
surplus or food in market will filling
OF the United States Department of Agriculture
Learn to know what be done
large This especially worthwhile tc put up even
ee or TOUR jars at time always
equipment fo canning On the basis blue stamps
Tor commercially canned foods
represents ration
tages of storing summertime food or winter
To help thrifty homemakers lars of canned
1000 to expect from fruits vegetables picked
home economists offer the following tab-wh reminder that
approximate ~
Evening star., 1943-06-20
Here's a Quiz
About Your
Garden!

Is your garden large enough for
your needs, yet of a size that you
can conveniently care for properly? ?
Is there lack of diversity in the
crops grown, so that your menus
get monotonous?
Have you kept plants free of in
sects and disease through proper
spraying and feeding?
Was your garden planted too late
In the spring, so that many of the
cool-weather crops did not mature
properly?
Have you neglected to make suf-
fclent continuous paintings of vari-
Gus crops so that every bit of garden
space is kept producing satisfac-
torily right on through the entire
gardening season? Or when fall
comes, is much of your gardening
space going to be barren and over
run with weeds?
BY all means get fall crops into
the soil now.
When space is finally cleared in
fall do you SOW winter cover crop
that will be turned under in late
winter or early spring to condition
the soil?
Does one crop mature almost en-
tirely at one time so that you have
an oversupply of that particular
vegetable at one period and none at
all available at other time a
sort of famine -or-feast arrange
ment?
Evening star., 1943-06-20
D. {. Insurance Sales
Reveal 3 Per Cent
Jump During May
Shorpest Monthly Gain
This Year Continues
Recent Improvement
BY EDWARD C. STONE.

Continuing the recent notable up
turn, life insurance sales in WASH
ington in May registered a gain of
% per cent over May year ago,
totaling $5,774,000, compared with
81 SAB 900, the Life Insurance Sales
Bureau at Hartford, Conn, reported
yesterday. This was the best ad-
vance in the Capital this year and
compares with national increase
of q per cent in May sales.
In the first five months of 1943
sales in Washington were 13 per cent
lower than year ago, the report
showed. New policies totaled $24,-
900 900. The decrease, which is now
being reduced each month, was
mainly due to the startling drop in
business last January when sales
were SO per cent below the same
month in 1912
Maryland sales III May reached
1888, 900, gain of IL per cent over
May, 1912, while sales in the five
months amounted to $45, $4,000 or
IL per cent below the like period last
year. May sales in Virginia made a
surprising record, the total of So
$4,000 being Al per cent better than
IN l942. Virfiinia sales to date total
S43 ,208,000 and are only per cent
under the mark year ago.
Sales in West Virginia were up %
per cent in May and there were
many sharp gains in other States
The Washington turnabout in
monthly insurance sales is pictured
IN the following comparisons with
the corresponding months in 1912: