davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-05-28
Some Specific Suggestions

If the wind has loosened steel
roofing, have it nailed tight imme-
diately with galvanized roofing nails.
And if it needs painting-do it now.
Paint your garbage can inside and
out to protect it against food acids
and weather.
Paint your galvanized wire window
screens before putting them away
for winter. Varnish copper or bronze
screens.
If metal ratings, iron fences or
gates are rusty, remove loose rust
with wire brush and paint with red
lead, followed by house paint.
Take care of steel easements. With
a little attention, they will serve you
faithfully for life. Wherever mois-
ture or seepage threatens deteriora-
ton, clean with a wire brush, paint
with red lead, followed with good
house paint. Caulk the joints be-
tween frame and house.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-05-28
RADAR DETECTER

A secret weapon that Buck Rogers
would trade his best rocket gun to
possess has at last been revealed by
the Army and Navy. 1t is radar, a
radio beam which can detect and find
the range of enemy aircraft and ships
through fog, storm and darkness.
1t was discovered that when ultra
high-frequency radio waves strike an
obJect-such as a plane or ship
they bounce back like a rubber ball.
But radio waves travel with the speed
of light, at 1876, 600 miles per second,
so the presence of ship or plane
can be detected in the fractional
part of a second. Measurement OF
this fractional second consumed by
the waves in their trip to and from
the object is the basis for determin-
ing the distance to an enemy target.
Because of its ability to pierce any
kind of weather, radar tops both the
telescope and acoustic listening de-
vices in the way television outshines
the gramophone of grandma's day.
The recent Army-Navy statement
declared that THE new science has
played a vital part in helping first to
stem and then to turn the tide of
Axis conquest, as it can be used both
for offense and defense
Radar, says the Army-Navy an
nouncement, was first discovered in
the United States in 1922. When OBJ
jects passing in front of signals from
a radio station caused Gremlin-like
interference in the reception, efforts
were made to study the ether dis
turbances under various conditions.
Receivers were installed along the
banks of a river and in moving
trucks to discover what effect boats,
buildings and other objects would
have ON the radio waves which hit
them. From these experiments radar
was gradually developed.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-05-28
GOVERNOR URGES WOMEN TO
CONSIDER SERVICE IN SPARS

By Proclamation Governor Her.
bert R. O'Conor called upon the
women of the State, of eligible ages,
to enlist in the SPARS, the United
States Coast Guards Women's Re-
serve, which is conducting an enlist
ment campaign this week.
Every woman who enlists, Cover
nor O'Conor pointed out, will release
a trained Coast Guardsman for active
sea duty, where they are urgently
needed.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-05-28
Forestall Farm Labor Shortage

Michigan youths will be recruited
and trained during the winter
months to forestall a farm labor
shortage next summer. Co-operat-
ing in the program are the Michigan
state council Of defense, the War
Manpower commission, various
farm groups and a variety of Michi-
gan governmental agencies. Under
the training plan county youth farm
labor committees will be set up to
handle each county campaign for
recruits, and to help train them to
serve as farm workers. A state
farm youth labor committee will
work with county committees to fit
the campaign to local needs.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-05-28
Make the World shiver

"a man who hasn't actually seen
an air raid can't begin to conceive
its horrors. Some of the air raids
we saw around Liverpool were
enough to make the rest of the world
shiver!" That's the description Of
aerial warfare known by Private
Walter F.. N. Yorston-a Keesler
Field, Miss, airplane mechanic stu
dent who already has seen over
seas duty in this war. Private Yors-
ton of 139 Pearl street, Cambridge,
Mass, served with the Canadian
army's famous Black Watch High
landers in England and Scotland for
more than year before his release
to Join the U. S. army.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-05-28
American Tung Oil Increasing

While production of tung oil in
the United States has a long way to
go before it can approximate the
quantities imported from China in
pre-war years, nevertheless the esti-
mated 1912 production in America
will approximate 10 million pounds,
or approximately S per cent of the
annual American requirements.
American tung oil is of very high
quality, lighter in color and more
uniform in quality than the Chinese
oils which are produced by more
primitive means than the modern
mills used in this country.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-05-28
Oars and Sails

The corvette name belonged to
peaceable craft until it was appro-
priated by the French navy for a
type Of war sloop in the 18th GEN.
fury. Some authorities aver that
the name descends from the cor
bita, slow, cumbersome cargo ship
of ancient Rome named for the bas-
ket Latin: corbis) carried atop its
single mast to indicate cargo duty.
Others contend the name goes no
further back than a 18th century
fishing boat of Flanders known as
a corve. Corvettes of about 100 are
described as powered by long oars
in addition to sails on the bowsprit
and one or two masts.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-05-28
AFTER THE WAR is OVER
BY j. E. Jones

Washington, May, 24-1t is a part
of wishful thinking to look ahead to
the end of this global war, and plan
for "reconversion" of our financial,
economic, manufacturing, chemical,
social, and peacetime activities. In a
general sort of way most of US know
that scientists, inventors, industrial
leaders and chemists are prepared to
furnish us with at least seven new
wonders for our own U. S. A. The
production of passenger automobiles
and trucks will pass through the re-
construction processes within to 5
months when peace is declared and
the probabilities are that there will
be full production of automobiles
three months later There will be
millions of new jobs that do not now
exist. New materials will be used to
build houses, and the sky will be full
of privately owned airplanes. Recent
ly we have been told that the hell
copter type of plane will make it
practical for a business man to live
SO or 100 miles away from his office
and use the roofs of buildings for
landing and taking Off
1t would be impossible to overlook
the fact that wars and post-wars
are breeders for booms, and depres-
sions. We had both kinds after World
War I. But the Captains of American
industry are right in warning the
public that we may expect that men
who are now wearing their country's
uniform will come back home and
face revolutionary changes They
may find television replacing radio,
fabricated materials used in place
of steel and iron. Some people view
these changes as following closely
upon the cessation of hostilities.
Others reason that more time will
pass before we see the effects of the
changes going on in laboratories
and in mems minds. But Of one
thing we can be sure: the changes
will come. ~
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-05-28
Deer Wintering Outlook

Michigan's deer herd is beginning
the winter with a double handicap,
the department of conservation in
that state announces. Deer are re-
ported yarding up a week or two
weeks earlier than usual, because
of heavy early SHOWS. Furthermore,
the big 1912 fawn crop has swelled
the deer population, already high
because of excellent survival last
year. AS a result, the department
believes that the winter food supply
will be heavily taxed in critical
areas.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-05-28

HEAD the home towns Of a typ
ical bomber team, around the rim
Of the picture above. Here are
United States in action. Here's
real AU-Americon team!
Not just because Of geogra-
ply, either. You've got to be
good to play on this team. Com
petition is tough. You're on your
own. Pull won't help. Only
brains, ability and energy can
make you the boss of bomber.
That's the way the Air Force
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-05-28

you have the answer above with
out having to read between the
lines) Ito the question propounded
by this News Letter last week. when
it asked: where are those rubber
tires?"
We are not only surprised, but
pleased to be able to report this
morning as we go to press that, an
American industrial concern has fur
nished the answer.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-05-28

works = and the way America
works. That's one thing we're all
fighting for - the right to live
our own lives = the opportunity
to work, save and get ahead.
That system made America
strong. It encouraged invention
and research. It built the big
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-05-28

Representative Woodrum sa Us
Congressional recess would give the
public mental ease. On the contrary.
It would deprive us of entertainment
that helps to keep up our morale.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-05-28

Should young people be allowed to
vote at Is, the age at which the
young men become liable to military
service, instead of waiting until the
traditional age of 81? The question
has been much discussed, and the
government of one State, Georgia,
has put itself on record-subject to
popular ratification-in favor of the
change. Mrs. Roosevelt has also been
reported in favor of extending voting
privilege as far down the age scale as
military duty.
Public opinion polls have found a
majority of the public opposed or in
different to the idea, but successive
polls show that opinion gradually
changing. There seems to be grow
ing feeling that young fellow of IS
must fight for his country, he should
have a voice in its government. In
other words. it is war question.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-05-28

Food Conference will discuss I'M
der-consumption after the war. 1t
wants to keep global fronts in the
postwar era.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-05-28

The Elkton Town Commissioners
have appropriated the sum of $500
to buy another siren for airsraid
warning purposes.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-05-28

industries that are arming the
United Nations for victory. 1t
created tho electric companies
under business management that
power most of Americas war
plants and produce far more
electricity than any nation has
ever km0aUn before!
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-05-28

Let's not forget that we will have
to play the Hitler team on its home
grounds.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-05-28
Radio Takes The Rap

The Supreme Court of the United
States in decision handed down a
few days ago said that the power
of Congress to license radio broad
casting gives the Federal Communi-
cations Commission the right to reg
ulate the entire business conduct of
all broadcasting chains and stations.
The decision is held as another dan
ger to the freedom of the press.
Radio is in strait jacket, and the
chains and stations as they now ex-
list are held to constitute monopolies.
The theory of the radio case is very
much like the case against the Asso-
ciated Press. New socialistic theories
are challenging freedom of all forms
of communication.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-05-28
Our Question Is Answered

NeAOt1c-OAA 1A@-'
A release from the Office of War
Information a few days ago said:
"The great bulk of the nations
owners are not going to get any new
synthetic rubber tires before at least
the last half of 1914. 1t is expected
that some synthetic tires will be
available for. essential civilian driv-
ing by September, 1914, but how
many is still an open question. The
answer will depend upon progress
and manufacture, in which there are
still many uncertainties" A careful
examination of the 11-page official
release was disappointment. 1t did
not answer the question asked in
this News Letter, towit: where
are those rubber tires?"
The Standard Oil Company of
New Jersey is the first American
industry to furnish the answer. 1t
publishes page advertisements in the
Washington and New York newspa-
pers, and on the news pages of these
papers it is reported that the Stan
dard will make it's own buna rubber
patents permanently available, with
out charge, to anyone cooperating
with the Government in the war-rub-
Der program.
The public statement by Standard
Oil also says: To-day the Govern
ment is spending over six hundred
million dollars on its Buna-S pro-
gram. Six rubber plants are in opera
ton. BY the end of 1943 completed
plants will have a capacity of 1885,
900 tons per year, or more than the
entire normal peace-time rubber re-
quirements of the United States"
That is exactly what Standard Oil
gives to the Government when it
turns over Dumas. There are no ifs,
ands or reservations. There are other
ways to make synthetic rubber, call
ed Neoprene, ButyL, Buna-N, Thick
oil. If they will throw their resources
in along with Standard Oil the rub
Der situation will be licked right here
at home, forever.
For the first time since the jap
anese captured the Dutch East Indies
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-05-28

Even the early robins are subject
ed to rationing, for the worms are
frozen.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-05-28

California Legislature has boosted
pension rate and relaxed require
ments.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-05-28

One thing you can hand to Hitler
When he has secret weapon it stays
secret,
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1943-05-28

WPB limits blankets to seven feet.
The nation will be satisfied il they
cover two.
Evening star., 1943-02-21

coffee provides the nations second
ranking export.
On the broad and lagoon -fringed
plains of the hot and rainy east
coast is concentrated the largely
foreign-owned and normally -four
ishing banana industry. The Mica
raguan interior forms broad band
of hills and mountains, whose
sparse population adds to the trans
port problems. No railways join the
two coasts. although a paved high
way now is under way across the
south-central districts. From north
and east-central areas comes the
gold that is Nicaraguas leading ex-
port, while western slopes are
rlmmed with cattle ranches.
Nicaragua has many potentially
valuable natural resources, includ-
ing minerals, timber and such for
est products as industrial gums,
medicinal plants and wild rubber.
so tar the raw material wealth is
little developed, because of labor
shortages, lack of transport facili-
ties and lately war shipping prob
lems. The United States has been
lending helping hand, however,
by loans of cash and technicians
and supplies wherever possible
Projects are under way to improve
health, sanitation and transporta-
ton, as we'll as to increase food
stufts through introduction of new
crops and more efficient farm meth
DDS.
Evening star., 1943-02-21

water supplies David G. Thompson.
from underground sources He had
taken leading part in giving ad-
vice for the development of many
water supplies for establishments of
the War and Navy Departments and
for war industries.
He was the chairman of the Com
mittee on Underground Water of
the American Geographical Union
and was the author of numerous
publications on geology and hydrol-
ogy His largest and best known
publication is treatise on the geol-
ogy and watering places of the Mo-
have Desert region in California.
Mr.. Thompson was born at Lock-
land, Ohio, May IL, 1888. He was
graduated from Northwestern Uni
versity and did postgraduate work
at the University of Illinois and
Johns Hopkins University. Before
working for the Geological Survey
he was an instructor at Lehigh Uni
versity and at Goucher College. Bal
| timore, and served on the Illinois
| and Maryland geological surveys.
He was a member Of the Wash
ington Academy Of Sciences and the
Geological Society of Washington,
and Of numerous national scientific
societies. He received an award for
Evening star., 1943-02-21
Dratha

sTEINBACH. JOSEPH E; On Thursday
osFPE Fee5asEy at a GhlSsfTs Hospital
Ralph G. and Ruby Ellen steinbach
5th st. ne, on Monday. February 80, at
terment Glenwood Cemetery. 81
THOMPSON, DAVID GROSH. On Fri
DAY DAY, February ~, la43 a. his residence
soN, beloved husband Of Frances G,
clifford F THOMPSON: brother Of Mrs,
Thompson Of Evanston. III
Services at the S, H. Hines Co. funeral
home ho1r5, 299l l4th St NV on on Tqesday a!
Hill Cemetery, Chicago, Ill. %
THOMPSON, EMMA ANN (BAUGHMANl
suddenly, on WEDNESDAY February Il,
ll943, al $50 o'clock, At her home; near az
THoMpsoN. hA aged S. sN beloved VIE Of
Harvey W. Thompson, She is survived by
her husband. four sons and one, daushter;
Mrs. Elsie McCauley: one, daughter-in-
law; eight grandchildren, three brothers,
ser MRS pa P2fe ana som
is overseas, and Henry is stationed at
Shreveport. La
Deqr moPer you left so sudd9ng
understand why you had to go. But God
loved you best.
rnnsr., ..ASlssr AslssD in in, Jesus. sa hold Sunday
February 2i, st ) o'clock. in the Metho-
dist Church at oskton. Burial in Flint
home q hsT daughtsT and d son-in>lavs M
and Mrs. Elmer McCauley. 2l'
THOMPSON, HARRIET HAsTY. On
THURSDAY, February $. 1913, al her home
fToi9X r9sd SysE sprRs ring ., Mf ID
late. William Gibson Thompson and mother
of John Benson Thompson.
Mrs Thompson rests at the warner f
PImDhrPV funeral home. S134 Georgia
ave. Silver Spring, Md, where services
viii be held on Monday. February 20, at
etery. 81
ToYER. THOMAS EMANUEL. On Tues
day, February 6, lat2 At Gallinger Hos
oIsd s. ovT To65R sb5
yived by five sisters Alice Meredith, Flora
Rosanna Williams, one brother, William
Toyer; one granddaughter. Shirley Jean
Woodson; son-inlaw. John Lewis Wood
friends, o ''''' u '''''' 'N'"'''N Gnu
u SERVICES at steEart'S funeral home 80
pm, Rev j. H. Peters oficiating 21
TURNER: BLANCHE c. On Friday,
Lincoln I'd ne. BLANCHE G. TURNER,
the t,fs beloved o wife o Of Robert R Turner
Pearl l.. Msttinsly. and Mrs. Ruth c.
Reeves and sister Of Miss Rose c.. Lillian
D, Andrew H. and Fred A. Smith, Six
grandchildren also survive. Remains rest
ing at the above residence.
Services at the above residence on Mon
day. February 30, at . pm. Interment
Cedar Hill Cemetery. Services by Cham
bers. 81
WHITFIELD. JOSEPH L. On Friday
February, 10, 1943, JOSEPH l.. WHIT
FIELD. the beloved father of Mrs E. J.
Pittmsn, Lacy Whitfield and Mrs. Hattie
Ferren
Services at Chambers funeral home 5l7
lth st. Sc, on Monday. February %, at
pm. Relatives and friends are invited.
81
WILLIS. COURTNEY. Departed this
life on Thursday, February Is, 1913. at
:45 am, at her residence, 1910 P st.
NV, COURTNEY WILLIS, beloved mother
OF John Willis and the late Sadie Hoover.
She leaves host Of other relatives and
friends to mourn their loss. Remains at
her her late RESIDENCE after IL noon satur-
Funeral Sunday February a1. at 1:3o
pm, from the Zion Baptist Church. F
st. between Bird and 4th sts. s.w.. Rev j.
A.. Edwards officiating. Relatives and
friends invited. ARRANGEMENTS by w. Err
nest Jarvis. Interment Lincoln Memorial
Cemetery Monday. February 30. 2l
Evening star., 1943-02-21

Nicaragua, set in the middle of
Middle America" is the largest
vet proportionately the least popu-
lous-of the six republics that lie
between Mexico and the continent
of South America. About the size
Of Alabama, it has, after Panama,
the longest seacoast, amounting to
some 500 miles on both Caribbean
and Pacific sides.
Like its neighborS, Nicaragua
Joined the war against the Axis
shortly after the japanese attack in
the East. 1t early offered territory
for the use of United States naval
and air bases.
Dramatic Volcanic Scenery.
In Southwest Nicaragua are two
| great lakes" one of which is
among the largest in the Americas.
Lake Nicaragua has an area nearly
three times that of Rhode Island.
1t contains several of the country s
many VOLCANOES, whose cones rise
dramatically against a vivid tropi-
cal background of blue skies and rich
green vegetation.
1t was by way of Lake Nicaragua
that the long projected Nicaragua
Canal, linking Pacific and Atlantic
waters, was routed. Such a canal
to stretch from the Caribbean port
of San Juan del Norte (Greytown)
along the San Juan River Valley.
and thence across the lake and over
the narrow land bridge to the Pa
ciflc-was under consideration as a
competitor of the Panama Canal
before the latter finally won the
decision.
Just north of Lake Nicaragua and
linked to it by the River Tipitapa is
smaller Managua Lake, on which
the Nacaraguan capital of the same
name is located. The city of Ma
Evening star., 1943-02-21

plantations In both the Caribbean
and Pacific coastal areas, the ma
jority Of the Costa Ricans are small
scale farmers living in the valleys
and plateaus of the central areas.
Rich Coast" Coumbus Name.
The nation which Columbus
named Costa Rica tRich Coast
has had a record of hard work and
individual effort since the earliest
days of its conquest. Spanish col
onistS, settling in the more health
full highlands back from the steam
ing tropical shores. found there no
great mineral wealth or large native
population to serve in labor bat
talions. Faced with a choice of
work, starvation or flight, they aban-
doned the idea of the hacienda or
plantation life such as flourished
elsewhere in Latin America. They
titled their own soil and taking ad-
vantage of the excellent pasture
available, introduced cattle and
other domestic animals that be-
Idlilt IIlS lOI CI vi TIC IiONCL II
dairy and cattle industry.
Today Costa Rica still has its
centers of political and economic life
in these upland regions of perennial
spring, where some three-quarterS
of the republics total population OF
little more than $4,000 are con-
centrated. Many live in and around
the old Spanish city of CartagO
founded in 1854 and the modern
capital. San Jose, situated nearby
San Jose. with a population of
about 10000. lies in a beautiful
Volcano framed valley, almost in
the geographic center of the nation
Nearly 1000 feet high. this city is
strongly Spanish in architecture and
tradition. yet one where Old World
habits are tempered by New World
ambition and progress.
The people of the central high
lands form one of the most densely
settled rural populations on the
American mainland. Because most
of the hostile Indians we're wiped
out during the early Spanish Strug
giles for possession of the land and
many of the others died from disease
and overwork, the modern Costa
Ricans are largely of pure Spanish
stock. 1t is only along the coasts
that other racial strains are notice
able, in the mixture of Indian and
Spanish blood on the Pacific side
and in the Negro element-once
brought in for labor on the fruit
plantations-found in the Caribbean
areas.
On the Caribbean shore is Costa
Rica's leading port, Puerto Limon
There, in July, 1912, a ship was
torpedoed and sunk by an enemy
Evening star., 1943-02-21
COSTA RIGA; Lands of Plenty

This is the fifth OF series OF
sir informative articles and maps
on the republics OF the Caribbean
and Central America. With the
series, "OW South American
Neiohbors,' recently published in
The Sunday Star, these articles
1CiH constitute complete coueraoe
OF the Latin American republics.
As part OF its many educational
activities, the National Geo.
graphic Society has prepared the
basic data and accompanying
maps from its rich resources of
geographic knowledge and sur
DeyS. By clipping this series from
meek to 1Ueek, adults and school
pupils may acquire an up-to-date
collection OF maps and notes on
our neighborS to the south.