davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-03-11

about an average of two men. per
! farm in the county He said so far
as he knew no dairy herds had yet
been sold
In Loudoun and Prince William
| Counties it was reported that dairy
men were hard pressed, due to the
| lack of skilled labor, and one herd
in this area was reported going up
for sale.
| Mr.. Greene said that it was i'm
possible to predict what might hap
pen if the labor shortage persists
He said it would Je certain to cause
drastic reduction in farm produc-
ton and might force some of the
larger dairy farms out of business.
While the large milk producer
must depend to great extent on
labor, the lack of which could cause
him to suspend operations, the
smaller man is less apt to be forced
| completely out of business, he said
If necessary, the small farmer can
do his own work and pinch through,
although his production naturally
will be cut.
Secretary of Agriculture Wickard
warned Tuesday that the United
States is fast approaching the level
of nutrition of Canada and Great
Britain and that authorities must
give consideration to closing schools
wherever there is a shortage of
labor in order to get in the vegetable
crops this spring In the nearby
! farm area plans already were being
formulated to recruit seasonal and
regular workers.
Recruiting Planned.
In Frederick County, Va, in the
heart of the apple-growing section
of the State, committee now is at
work on plans to recruit regular and
seasonals labor and to train raw
recruits. Under tentative plans.
workers could be transferred to
farms and orchards within 200 miles
OF the source of the labor.
Fairfax County farmers also have
reported that they will seek i'm
ported labor through State and
Federal assistance in order to hold
farm production to as near its peak
as possible
Mr.. Greene also said that special
attention would be given the smaller
farmer, who, according to Secretary
| Wickard, may become one of the
chief factors in holding up farm
production, through the Farm Credit
Administration. He said farmers
who are eligible will be given loans
to help them expand and meet new
production goals.
Although the future is dark, the
| farmer in general has not yet COM
pletely given up. AS one Prince
Georges County man put it: I'VE
are in war that we've got to win,
and it is up to the farmer to help
by raising all he can, even though
he hasn't got the labor to do it
with"
Evening star., 1943-03-11
Single Inspection Set
For Virginia Cars in '43
b.. the Associated Press

d.. lHt associated PresS.
RICHMOND, Va, March IL
Maj, c. F. Woodson, jr., superin-
tendent of State police, announced
yesterday that the usual twice "a
year automobile inspection will be
telescoped into a single inspection
period this year.
He said the inspections usually
held in May and October will be
abandoned and all motor vehicles
will be inspected during July, Au-
gust and September.
Trucks, trailers, tractor trucks and
convertible licenses equipment on
"T' gasoline rationing cards will be
inspected during July, while. inspec-
ton OF Virginia registered passenger
vehicles will start in August and
continue through September, Maj.
Woodsor. said.
He said there was a possibility
that the passenger vehicle inspec-
ton period may be. further broken
down by setting up certain definite
inspection periods for passenger We
hicles which operate on "a" "B"
and &C" rationing cards.
Evening star., 1943-03-11
By JAMES BIRCHFIELD.

Many fertile farms . in Maryland
Nations Capital will 60 untitled this
this year and their herds of Guern-
seys, Jerseys and Holsteins will
dwindle until Washington will face
a real milk shortage unless relief
comes to the hard-pressed farmer.
This is the opinion of farmers in
both Maryland and Virginia. who
say they have faced many a crisis
before, but none so severe as that
which confrontS the farmer today.
Through the rolling hills of Cen
tral Maryland, from Rockville to
Point Of Rocks, last years corn re-
mains in the fields unshucked, and
fields have not yet been plowed for
the spring planting, in many cases
already far behind. This picture is
the same in many sections of Prince
Georges County, Md, and in LOU
doun, Prince William and Fairfax
Counties in Virginia
And the farmers complain in che
loud voice, which is fast taking on
the ring of anger:
How can we plant crops With
no labor? Why should we plant
greater crops this year when last
years harvesting is still undone
and there is even less prospect ow
than ever Of getting help for next
years harvesting?
How can we manage with less
help when 1t is impossible to secure
labor-saVlng machinery which might
aid in keeping up production in the
face Of the labor shortage, and
above all, how can we afford to
farm IN the face of steadily mount
| ing production costs when the prices
OF the products we sell are frozen?''
Dairymen Hit Hardest.
The labor shortage and rise in
/ production costs have hit hardest
among the dairy farmers, who flnd
their herds off in production as
much as so per cent at a season
when milk production normally
should show a 20 per cent gain.
AS a result, whole herds are being
sold by Maryland and Virginia
dairymen, who say that it is impos-
Sible to maintain fine milk COWS
with inexperienced labor and in the
face Of present prices of milk on the
Washington market. Most of these
COWS, however, are going to other
dairymen who have not been hit sc
hard by the labor shortages.
Dairymen who are hanging or
for a while longer in the hope OF
relief" find it inexpedient to replace
cows that are normally culled from
their herds. Cows usually are re-
moved from herds due to old age
| loss Of breeding ability or disease
Evening star., 1943-03-11

and in normal times are replaced
Immediately.
Poor Feeds Blamed.
1t has been estimated by w. Law
son King, a director of the Maryland
and Virginia Milk Producers Associ-
alton, that more than 1900 dairy
cows have been sold recently by
Montgomery County farmers. Ac-
cording to Mr.. King the ajority of
these COWS are going to other milk
producing areas, while few, which
represent COWS culled because of old
age or disease, are going to the
Baltimore beef market.
Mr.: King pointed out that disease
among dairy COWS is increasing, due
to the lack of skilled labor. He said
this, plus the inconsistency of dairy
feed formulas now on the market,
was largely responsible for the fall
ing off in milk production among
herds
With the present milk prices, Mr..
King said, dairyman cannot afford
to replace a COW culled and sold for
COW cost as much as 5000, and it
would cost that much or more to
replace her All he could realize
from the Gull would be $100 at the
most.
Arthur L. Watkins of Cedar Grove,
Md, who operates two dairy farms
ana one crop farm, said that he
planned to- sell one of his herds
unless he could realize more money
from the sale of his milk. He said
that he had not been able to make
"One penny during December, jan
uary and February, and IN addition
was working my two boys to death"
trying to look after the farms. He
said that he had been unable to get
farm labor for love or money"
Mr.. Watkins, like other dairymen,
said that if the Agriculture Depart
nent granted a 93-cent per hun
dredWelght increase in milk prices
as requested by the Maryland and
Virginia Milk Producers Association,
the dairymen would be able to hold
on for time longer"
At the time this increase was re-
quested the Agriculture Department
countered with a suggested Accent
increase. A hearing on the original
request is expected to be held in a
short time.
Two Men Per Farm.
While farmers in Montgomery
County said that weekly papers in
that area and in Frederick County
last week had carried advertise
ments for more than 400 dairy COWS
up for sale, the situation seemed
less severe in Prince Georges
County, where dairy farming takes
third place. at best, to tobacco and
poultry, 1t seems less severe in Vir-
ginla also.
Lawrence S. Greene, Fairfax
County agent, said the labor situa-
ton was fast becoming critical, with
Evening star., 1943-03-11
Montgomery Salvage Head
To Be Appointed Soon

Appointment of a new salvage
director for Montgomery County
will be announced today or tomor-
row, according to Judge Albert E.
Brault, county civilian defense di-
rector.
Judge Brault said plans are now
being worked out for collection of
tin cans and other scrap in the
county, They will be made public
shortly, he added Last collection
was made a week ago Under the
old system Of weekly collections,
some scrap never had been gathered.
Judge Brault announced last
week that due to the resignation
Of Salvage Director George V.
Menke, the old system of scrap and
tin can collection had to be aban-
boned The new plan is expected
to be more efficient and easier tc
operate.
Meanwhile, he urged county resi-
dents to continue saving tin cans
and to hold them until the new
arrangements are announced.
Evening star., 1943-03-11
Civilian Defense
Injury Rulings
Issued for D. T..
Volunteers Hurt
In Line Of Duty to
Get Hospital Care

Regulations under which the Dis
trict will provide medical and hos
pital care for volunteer civilian de-
fense workers who may be injured
lin line of duty" we're issued today
by the Board of Commissioners.
Instructions were sent to the
Board of Police and Fire Surgeons
and to the director of the Civilian
Defense Department of the District.
They were developed after lengthy
study on the basis of policies here
tofore adopted by Congress and the
Commissioners.
The Commissioners explained
that the Blackout Acts, under which
civilian defense here operates, pro-
vides for civilian defense activities
for the protection of persons and
property in the District and re-
stricts payment of hospital and
medical expenses to persons in
jured in line of duty.
Line of Duty" Defined.
The city heads explained they
had defined line of duty as en-
bracing those activities of members
of the Citizens Defense Corps
which ID bear a direct relation to
the welfare of the public generally,
90 are induced by enemy action,
the threat thereof or preparation
therefor, and 90 would not be car
ried on by them except in their ca
pacity as such civilian defense
workers.
Members of the Board of Police
and Fire Surgeons are directed to
treat all volunteer civilian defense
workers who are in the protective
services OF the Civilian Defense De-
partment who are injured in line
OF duty under the above limits. The
injured also may be treated at hos
pitals as the Surgeons Board deter
mines and at District expense.
instructions Given.
The following instructions were
included:
Civilian defense workers injured
in the course of their assigned duty
should Immediately notify the
Board of Police and Fire Surgeons
and follow instructions given by the
board.
In the event the civilian defense
worker is seriously injured and re-
moved to hospital prior to notify
ing the Board of Surgeons, the hos
pltal should be requested to notify
Immediately a member of the Board
of Surgeons who then will take
charge of the case.
No hospital or medical bill will
be considered for Government pay
ment which has not been approved
by the Board of Police and Fire
Surgeons"
The Commissioners have sub
mitted to Congress proposed legisla-
ton which would provide compen-
sation for injured or disabled civil
lanlan defense workers. Also, it is
explained, Congress has made a
Federal appropriation which may
be. utilized by the Federal Security
Agency in connection with compen-
sation for injuries sustained by cer-
tain civilian defense workers.
Evening star., 1943-03-11
Rites Held in Rockville
For Miss Muqruder
speciai Dispatch to The Star.

Special Dispatch TO The Star.
ROCKVILLE, Nd, March IL
Funeral services for Miss Mary
Lille Magruder, rs, who died in
Rockville Monday after a brief ILL
ness, were held yesterday afternoon
at the funeral home of w. Reuben
Pumphrey. Rockville. The services
were conducted by the Rev. Claude
A. Brubaker, pastor of Mount Zion
Baptist Church, and burial was in
the cemetery adjoining the church
Miss Magruder was a daughter OF
the late Mr. and Mrs. William Ma
gruder of the MOntrose neighbor-
hood. and was a lifelong resident of
Montgomery County. She is sur
vived by sister. Miss Susan Ma
eruder, Rockville, and two brothers
Warren v Magruder and Eugene
Magruder. both Of Alta Vista Md.
Evening star., 1943-03-11
| Army Releases
farm Boy, IS,
| After 81. Weeks
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
FORT MEADE, Md. March Ii
The Army didn't object to anything
about Irv -Millers spirit or his SOL
diering, but they discharged him
just the same.
He's on his way back home to
Arkansas now because he forgot one
thing when he enlisted last June.
He forgot to tell the recruiting off,
GERS he was Is years old.
Six feet tall and weighing ITO
pounds, Irv will have plenty to do
on his family's 200-acre farm in
Arkansas, but as much as anything
else he regrets all that noW-wasted
training which he thinks could be
used somewhere on a fighting front.
Irv spent 80 tough weeks in the in
fantry learning the business of being
a rif1eman.
Evening star., 1943-03-11
Coast Guard Officials
See Test Of New
Metal Life Raft
Vice Admiral Woesche
Sees Several ADVANTAGES
Exposure Suit Shown

High Coast Guard officials had
before them the results of the first
Official tests Of metal life raft and
a lightweight exposure suit for mer-
chant marine seamen.
Vice Admiral r. r. Waesche, COM
mandant, who witnessed the tests
yesterday in the Washington Chan
mel, said he was very much i'm
pressed" with the raft, which is made
OF steel and can be dropped so feet
or more into the water. He pointed
out that the old-time wooden RATS
frequently dried out and split apart
when thrown into the sea.
Admiral Waesehe said he thought
the raft had these four advantages
ID The safety of getting it over
board, ~ its greater capacity as
compared with older RATS, 80 the
protection its offers from the wealth
er and (4) its capacity for carrying
water,
Provided With Awning.
The raft, which was described as
more of boat than a raft. is 16
feet long, feet wide and feet deep.
1t has a folding mast, sails, rudder,
centerboard and an awning covering
the occupants completely. 1t could
be used, officers pointed out, regard
less Of which side it landed on.
An official of the company which
made the raft said it had been
dropped SO feet three times. He said
that it was non-inf1ammable, which
would be of particular advantage for
tankers where there is danger of
burning oil on the water. 1t took
more than a year to develop, he
added
Capt. H. C. Shepheard, head of the
merchant marine inspection division,
who was credited with Admiral
Waesche as being largely responsible
for initiating work on the raft. said
he had been told by physicians that
90 men could live in the raft for 81
days without having their health i'm
paired. He added, however, that
under favorable conditions and with
the use of fishing equipment and in
verting the awning to catch rain
water, it would be possible to live
for a much longer time.
Exposure Suit Lighter.
Coast Guard officials expressed the
hope that the exposure suit tried
out yesterday, which is Is pounds
lighter than the one now in use.
would prove feasible for men to wear
while working on deck. Pointing out
that seamen are reluctant to wear a
heavy life-saving suit while working,
they said a number of men were
thrown into the water before being
able to don a suit.
Admiral Waesche said he felt the
suit was big improvement" but
that he wanted to learn some further
details
1t was said that four of the RATS
could be used on merchant vessels in
addition to life boats. The RATS,
they said, had one advantage over
life boats in that they were self
bailing.
The raft was toWed into the center
of the channel, where a daytime
orange -colored flare was released.
The flare, which will burn for min
utes. is visible to a plane for 10
miles at height of 5000 feet. 1t
was developed, officers said, as a
result of the wa rand is already in
use.
High-ranking officers watching the
tests included Rear Admirals LLOYD
T. Chalker, assistant commandant.
and Harvey F. Johnson, engineer in
chief.
Evening star., 1943-03-11
james J. BeoII Rites
Held in Durnestown
Special Dispatch to The Star


/ ROCKVILLE, Md March IL
Funeral services for James j. Beall
ST, retired farmer and one of the
Darnestown districts best known
citizens, who died Tuesday, were held
today at the home of his son and
daughter-ln-law, Mr.. and Mrs, Ar
thur BeaH, Darnestown. The Rev
William l.. Everhart. pastor of the
Jamestown Presbyterian Church
ofnclated and burial was in the
church cemetery.
Mr. Beall was a lifelong resident +
OF Darnestown and was the last
surviving member of large family.
nesloes the son, he is survived by
three grandchildren, Arthur Beall,
Jr'' Peter Beall and Jane Bean.
Evening star., 1943-03-11
Alexandria Extends
Red Cross Campaign

The Alexandria Red Cross War
Fund campaign, originally sched-
uled to end March Is, has been eX-
tended TO the end of the month,
according to T, w. Robinson, chair
man.
Mr.. Robinson said the move was
made at the request Of several plant
supervisors who said their employees
had requested that pay-check de-
ductiOns be made at the end of the
month rather than on March Is,
because Of the income tax deadlihe.
Evening star., 1943-03-11
Mrs. Emmu Steudmon
Rites Set Tomorrow
special Dispatch to Tie Star.

6peCidl blSpdtcn TO 1tte star.
LEESBURG, Va, March IL
Funeral services for Mrs. Emma
Handley Steadman, 54, who died
Tuesday at her home in Leesburg,
will be held at pm. tomorrow from
the home. The Rev. R. H. Forces
ter, pastor of the Leesburg Meth
odist Church, will conduct the serv-
ices and burial will be in the Lees
burg Union Cemetery.
Mrs. Steadman, who was the wife
Of Frank Marshall Steadman, had
been i'll for six weeks. She was
born IN Frederick County, Md, and
had lived here since her marriage
So years ago. She was member
of the Methodist Church.
She is survived by her husband,
three daughters, Mrs. Virginia Ward
OF Leesburg: Mrs. Catherine New
ton of Washington, and Mrs. Rosa
lie Blackwell of Dover, Del, and by
one son, Frank M. Steadman, jr.,
at home.
Evening star., 1943-03-11
Two Tobacco Barns
DESTROYED by BIoze

Fire of undetermined origin yes
terday destroyed two barns filled
with tobacco and corn crib in
which a large quantity of meat was
stored on the farm of Oden Cooke,
adjacent to the Fighter Command
Air Base at Meadows, Md.
Flremen from the airport and
five neighboring communities fought
the blaze for more than two hours
before extinguishing it. w. A. Ran
dali, a member of the Forestville
Fire Department, estimated damage
at about $500.
Evening star., 1943-03-11
Fathers Draft
HereUn|ike|v
Until Summer
Induction Postponed
By Supply of Men
Without Children

The Districts supply of married
men without children will postpone
the induction of fathers here till
midsummer. District draft officials
estimated today.
Although some boards have started
tapping married men and all boards
here are now processing them for
future calls. March calls are largely
made up of single men. it was said.
Married men without children in
the District will start entering the
Army from all boards next month.
Expected to affect men employed
here in the Federal Government was
the public hearing scheduled by the
House Military Affairs Subcommit-
tee studying occupational deferment
of Federal workers.
Interesting and Sensational"
Committee members, after a long
executive session yesterday, prom
ised interesting and nSational"
developments on the basis of ma
terial brought in by their investi-
gators.
Witnesses from the Office of Price
Administration and the War De-
partment were expected to testify
today.
Figures now available at District
headquarters. it was said. indicate
that if calls continue at the present
rate, fathers will not be called here
until July or August.
Several variables, however. are in
volVed, it was said. Among them
are the number of actual hardship
cases that will turn up as the boards
go over their lists of married men
without children. Occupational de-
fermenS may also be necessary in
some cases.
District headquarters is recon-
mendlng that prospective fathers
De given a stay of induction until
thelr wives are able to work again
Ihls, applies where the baby is ex-
pected in a month or two. Bv this
method, prospective fathers NAV be
given as much as four months stav
although the baby does not count
as a dependent.
Redistribution Unfinished.
Under old instructions. boards
were supposed to reclassify ga men
IN essential activities into 3-B. not
to be called until all ga men in the
same dependency class have been
called, Some boards for sheer lack
OF time have been unable to COM
plete this reclassification. They have
been advised, it was said, to put the
men in 3-B as they are reached in
the search for Ia men, even if it
means postponement in their in
duction for few weeks. --..
Stays Of induction, unexpected oc-
cupational deferments, hardship
cases and the physical rejection rate
may all alter the date when faith
ers can expect to be called here,
draft spokesman pointed out .s
Local boards, however, have all
been advised to comb their lists of
deferred men to discover any single
men who can be made available for
early calls.
Evening star., 1943-03-11
Home From GuuduIconoI

.CULPEPER. Va, March II tSpe-
ciaD .-Corpl. Frank .Jezierski of the
Marine Corps is home for 15-day
visit with. relatives in the county
He has just returned from Gauda-
canal, where he was stationed for
more than four. months He was in
the first contingent of Marines to
land there
Evening star., 1943-03-11
Diamond Dealer Dies

PALM BEACH, Fla. March II
tPI.-Louis Aisenstein, 55, Wholesale
jeweler and diamond merchant of
New York City, died here Tuesday
He had spent his entire life in the
iewelry business and was the pos
SCISSOR Of a collection of antique
watches of historical significance
that had been exhibited IN many
parts Of the country.
Evening star., 1943-03-11
10 Pct. Raise Voted
To Frederick Teachers
Special Dispatch to'The Star

Special Dispatch to'The Star.
WINCHESTER, VA. March IL
Public school teachers of Frederick
County are to receive a 10 per cent
increase in salary during the l943-44
term, the County Board Of Super
visors announced yesterday. The
board adopted. a resolution provid-
ing for the increase out of county
school tax funds.
Several teachers have resigned in
the last few years to take positions
paying higher salaries in other To-
calities.
Evening star., 1943-03-11
Hood Child Care Work
PubIicized in Indio

BY the Associated Press
FREDERICK, Md, March Ii
Future child care and guidance
practices in India may be influenced
by the work in these subjects being
done at Hood College here.
The Illustrated Weekly Of India
recently published feature article
telling of Hood College girls caring
for babies as part of their college
work and saying a need existed for
similar widespread trairling as a
basis for postwar organization of
finer homes"
Evening star., 1943-03-11
+
%@A0tHo~R~xWtM
WAR BONDS
r

Build for tomorrow with your
purchase of War bonds today
FARMERS are taking extra good care
OF their farm implements. They
can't buy them today But with
War bond savings they'll be able
to buy new farm equipment when
the peace comes.
Evening star., 1943-03-11
Prince Georges Unit
Orders Go Se|ectees
To Report Monday
95 CoIored Registronts
Are Told to Appear
On March 26

Prince Georges County Draft
Board Nos at Upper Marlboro an
nounced today that 66 white regis
trants have been ordered to report
at 7:30 am. Monday at the boards
office in the Marlboro Courthouse,
while 95 colored registrants have
been ordered to report there at 7:30
am, March 26 before leaving for the
Army induction center in Baltimore.
The IS white men scheduled to
Evening star., 1943-03-11

Farmers are helping in the war
effort by the production of food.
But increased income should go in
to War bonds and savings, not
scarce, high-priced consumer goods.
Buy more and more War bonds with
your increased profits today. "You'vs
done your bit, now do your best"