davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-05-16
1O-ACRE ESTATE

ON DISTRICT L1NE.
This place faces on Riggs I'd, and
has long frontage on the District line.
Large, modern home. Being sold to
settle estate.
For Further Particulars, Call
peter j. hagan,
81 34th st., Mt; Rainier, Md. Wa. 37s5.
Evening star., 1943-05-16
COLORED BARGAINS,

story brick, s large rooms. : baths. 2
knitchens h.-wh; SS750
URCIOLO REALTY co Me 4o4l
Evening star., 1943-05-16

ARLINGTON, wa 5-RM. AND BATH
nrlck pr duplex house, Is mos old, corner
lot, OF burner conditioned, fully tur
6ldg: Move right in. Price, S7,50o.
Arnngton. Va-A large house on
very large lot, with oil burner, Ia baths.
! block from Wilson blvd: entire house
rented rem q out; income $3.50 per mo: excel
ienI Investment. Price, ST 5000. JOSEPH
EElBLE, agent, 1905 N Garfield St. ArI.
va: Oxford 0515 or Glehe 46oR --'
Evening star., 1943-05-16

WILL PAY CASH FOR HOUSES OR FARMS
IN Prince Georges County. R. S. DAVIS.
Warfield 1900
Evening star., 1943-05-16

WANTED AT ONCE, GROOM BRICK, AT
tic. preferably " baths: reasonable; gen.
erouS down payment: D. c.. nearby Vir-
einia or MARYLAND. Give full particulars,
Box 11oT. Star. 49,
Evening star., 1943-05-16
SUBURBAN PROPERTY FOR SALE

Owner transferred, offers for sale. g.
year old This home has very large
rooms. 2 hreplaces and is equipped with
gas range and refrg, air-conditioned with
windows. Price, S9,750: S2.1OO cash
necessary. Shown by appointment.
GEORGE H. RUCKER CO..
1403 No. Court House Rd, Arl, Va.
Evening star., 1943-05-16

WISH TO BUY DIRECT FROM OWNER
home in Northwest city or suburban area.
Call MR. HENDERSON. GE. 127O
Evening star., 1943-05-16

HOLLYWOOD PARK, COLESVILLE PIKE
suns aioW, rooms. bath, basement. Lot
o1&s0n. acres available Trinidad 630S
1910 CAPITAL VIEW AVE, WHICH LEAFS
from Mont eomery Hills to Kenslngton, =
story frame modern home, rm5., ga
!ase acre land. Sr5Ou Open today
@ @.a.mS lor sale my name. FRED B. CUSH-
Man 3lo Frederick ave. GaitherSnurg,
Evening star., 1943-05-16
- - ~ y "a olCDC fD-S.
VACANT ADJ rNr~-~n-

- ION.
MIA Opened nee Sunday. sunday. IL to 5. An ideal
conv. neighborhood Rambling bunpainW
with rooms, 2 baths and hothouse, h
w. W;n,; coal Person who loves flowers.
lot. 1o9xlS so. a show place with a little
work and landscaping. Priced at $3.50
by owner, who is anxious to selI makes
TINS outstanding. Very easy terms. Di-
rections: Over Key Bridge out wilson
blvd TO, Circle in Clarendon. right on
Wash blvd. to Mckinley St, left to l4th
st.. right to SOL. Call COLLINS g. PRICE,
Gil. :I:5, for appointment
# INTERESTED, ACT NOW,
AS THIS MUST Re Sol nj
Evening star., 1943-05-16
LOOKING FOR A HOME?

LOOKING FOR A HOME?
About the Goth, will have Groom
brick, with large lot, in Falls Church.
Va immediate possession. Priced under
$4,000.
5 rooms, sleeping porch. INV. heat
toll). Price, S5,5o0. Occupied now. lease
expires soon. Hudston St., near Pershing
Old house in fine condition. rooms,
an acre OF garden, trees shrubbery, flow-
ers; highly restricted residential
Appointments Arranged Throlgh
C. w. CLEVER CO.. INC,
1123 NO. Irving ST., Arlington, Va.
Phone oxford U322
Evening star., 1943-04-25
Russian Leaders Impatient
At Failure to Open New Front
Old Suspicious Not Fully Laid at Rest and
Important Political Developments May
Occur During Next Few Months
By Constantine Brown.

There has been relatively little fight
ing during the last few months in Rus
sia. And there have been few raids
against Great Britain, and while the
Nazis have suffered heavily in Tunisia
the loss does not represent more than
the maximum of two weeks production.
The Russians do not indulge in much
Ulshful thinking when they are talking
privately to the Allies. They do not be-
lieve the Nazis are so short of raw ma
terials that they cannot produce air.
planes and other important war material
as speedily and efficiently as in the past
They are said to construe the lack of
| protection to RommeIs forces and
absence of serious attacks against Brit
ain as an indication that the German
high command is planning a big
offensive against Russia this spring and
summer.
Inasmuch as the bulk of the Nazi re-
serves are behind the front lines in
Russia, the Russians further deduce that
Hitler and his generals do not believe
the Allies will make an offensive in 1943
Hence, they fear that Russia may have
to stand the brunt of another heavy Ger
man onslaught this year.
Stain is said to realize that President
Roosevelt, if it were up to him alone,
would send every division available in
America to fight Hitler. The President
is fully aware of the Japanese "poten-
tial' and he knows only too we'll that the
war against Japan will be incomparably
harder than the war against the Reich
He also has been told that there is
chance of losing China unless reinforce
ments are sent Immediately.
President Roosevelt is one of the few
statesmen who knows all about logistics
and can read maps without expert help.
Consequently he knows that aid to China
in 1943 will be very difficult. But in spite
of these very grave risks in the Pacific
which threaten the United States more
than the other Allies, he is so determined
TO stick by his pledges to assist Russia by
opening a second front that he would do
anything in his power to crush the Nazis
in Europe as soon as possible.
Knows Supply Difficulties.
This Stain knows we'll. But he also is
cognizant of the difficulties in moving
large bodies of men across the Atlantic,
at the same time keeping the flow of sup
plies to Britain, Russia and other Sec
ondary theaters of operations Stain
knows our shipping problems and what
the Nazi submarines are doing in the At
lantic. He is aware of the fact that even
if we find shipping for say another 1OO0,-
600 men, the minimum force required for
an invasion of Europe, we shall find it
difficult to muster sufficient boats to pro-
vide those men with a continuous flow of
needed supplies
Because of this situation Stain is in
clined to believe that the Nazis may be
correct in their conclusion that the Allies
will not do more than attempt to conquer
some Mediterranean islands or at most
undertake a token invasion of Western
Europe.
Since early in l942 the Russian leader
tSee RUSSIA, Page B-3)
Evening star., 1943-04-25

ever, around samovarS and tea kettles,
with guitars and balalaikas.
There is more light for such parties
now. AS the days get longer the power
system is able to provide full-time serv-
ice. But in recent months I have eaten
many meals by candlelight-until the
candles gave out-While all power was
routed for war industries.
People Are Healthy.
There has been no epidemics In Mos
COW since the war started People may
be little thinner, but most look healthy
and disqualification demands are about
normal. Public baths operated through
out the long winter and were heavily
patronized, but with warmer weather
more water is turned on in apartment
houses and there will be more private
bathing.
There are no cafes where the casual
stroller can drop in for meal Res
taurants have been taken over by this
group or that for mass feeding Various
groups of workers have their own res
taurants. The city's lawyers, for in
stance, may eat at one place while
group of store workers will eat at an
other. This system is well organized
But, while appreciative of spring,
preparations for another winter begin
almost before the last one is ended For
the most part this is handled by officials
but civilian forces are mobilized wherever
needed
The first group of girls and women
already have gone to the forests to start
cutting wood for the new winter They
will come back in couple of months,
and another contingent will go.
This wood-cutting program was wise
move on the part of the city govern
ment, which handles the assignment of
civilians to the job 1t kept the citizens
warm last winter. AS for the work, when
you're called you go, and the choppers
are taken from many walks of life
know one dancer who had been giving
concerts for big audiences who went off
when her turn came.
With the experience of this past winter,
behind them, the next one will not be so
bad providing everything goes we'll at
the front-and there is no reason to sup
pose it wont.
Evening star., 1943-04-25
TURKEY KEPT FAITH AND DOUBNG MISSED CONQUEST
Vu Ppm msugto Lure uht Ak Witt Teuyh

LONDON.-The Turks have proverb
which says You can take only one skin
from a sheep"
In effect, that proverb has been Tur-
keys reply to every German threat since
the war began. The Germans have un-
derstood, and Turkey still has her skin.
Franz Won Papen. the lambskinner
whom Adolf Hitler sent to Turkey in
1899 as his Ambassador has yet only
handful of wool to show for his efforts.
Great Britain and the United States, in
the words of the nursery rhyme, have
three bags full" freely given by the
Turks.
"Papen," said scofing Foreign Office
attache in London recently, lis bungler.
He failed as a saboteur in America dur
ing the last war. He failed to stop Hitler
in Germany in 1888, and he has failed
miserably in Turkey
He is the cleverest man I ever knew"
added a refugee from Nazi Germany,
but complete fool. He has never sue
ceeded in anything
You in America have made him
NY lli-lloU VIC, Sdld n III n III iOliIoil
He was major in our army during the
last war Our President and our chief
of staff were already generals. We are
not impressed
All three judged Papen a failure in
Turkey because, even with the eager
bayonets of the then-undefeated Wehr-
macht at his very back, he was unable
in 1941 to lure Turkey away from her
firm alliance with Britain and into COL
laboration with the Hitlerian new order
Could Not Persuade Saracoglu.
AS Ambassador to Austria, he was
credited in chancellery gossip with de-
vising the trick that forced Kurt Won
Schuschnigg. the Austrian chancellor, to
his knees before Hitler at Berchtesgaden
in 1888. But he was not able to persuade
Prime Minister Saracoglu of Turkey to
discuss terms of collaboration.
That failure is regarded in London as
one of the diplomatic miracles of the
war. Mention of Turkey always brings
smiles from behind the barbed-wire
thickets that protect the government Of
fees in Whitehall. Turkey has behaved
unbelievably we'll" they always say.
Turkey is our ally" Prime Minister
Winston Churchill told the House of
Commons on his return from Turkey in
January. Turkey is our friend"
She is almost the only country in the
world about whom the British make no
complaint whatsoever-not even except
ing their dearly beloved Allies. Only
nations like the Dutch and Norwegians,
who have vouchsafed their loyalty In
Evening star., 1943-04-25
Vast Sums in War Contracts
Saved by Truman Committee
Investigating Group, Largely Freshman Senator's
Goes Quietly but Efficiently About the
Business of Curbine Fraud
By Richard L. Stokes.

The committee that every one has
heard of but nobody knows-this is the
paradox of famous group which for
two years has served the war effort as
bold and biting gadfy. Its lawful
appellation is the Special Committee to
Investigate the National Defense Pro-
gram. For everyday purposes brevity
has decreed that it should bear the
name of modest man with an acute
aversion to dramatizing himself. He is
the units chairman, Senator Harry S.
Truman of Missouri.
Always colorful, the score of the Tru-
man Committee has been gilded of late
by pair of exploits which were blazoned
in countrywide headlines. Its exposure
of falsihed chemical, visual and tensile
recordings at the Irwin plant of the Car
negie-Illinois Steel Co. led to a grand
jury inquiry, a purge of guilty executives
and public avowal of repentance from
the United States Steel Corp of which
Carnegie-Illinois is a subsidiary
The committee did rot hesitate to
clap peremptory subpoena upon John
of the United Mine Workers was Joined
in battle with the President of the
United States in the fullness of his war
powers. Il will If I can" Lewis had
responded when he was invited to testify
regarding threatened strike in the
bituminous coal fields
While such results of the committees
labors are heralded from coast to coast,
enough questions about its methods
machinery and organization remain un-
answered to stump the best-informed
quiz panel. How does the committee
work? To what extent is it dominated
by Senator Truman? Who are his asso-
ciates and are they as active as he?
What principles guide its procedure?
Are they affected by political PARTISAN
ship? How are the cues unearthed
which lead to disclosures like that of
Carnegie Illinois?
Third Largest Mail.
One morning not long ago Senator
Truman's mail. now the third largest in
Congress, brought letter from the one
and only separate Federal municipality,
except Washington, in the United States.
1t is Winfield Park, suburb of Newark,
and it was so created by act of the New
Jersey Legislature. The writer urged an
investigation of this housing project for
employees in nearby war plants.
A committee agent returned from the
scene with portfolio of typewriter
and Photographic evidence. A public
hearing followed. Sessions of the Tru-
man Committee are unique in Washing
ton in that they resemble icebergs, with
one-ninth of the mass visible and the
rest submerged The hidden eight
ninths represent thorough groundwork
done in advance. Thus an inquiry which
in other hands would consume a week
or more is often dispatched in day.
The findings were turned over to the
Department of Justice, which caused
number of indictments to be returned.
The charge was conspiracy to enter
phony claims on the rental of ma
chinery.
Evening star., 1943-04-25

under conditions about like those in
New York, with plenty of pushing in the
rush hour. Crowds are terrific on Sum-
days, and walk that day
BY night MoscoWs main streets are
rows of lights strung along and you can
make your way all right. In side streets
it is more difficult.
(MoscoW has suffered number of air
raids. but never anything like London.
Last year, when correspondents returned
from Kuibyshev after months in which
it appeared the Germans might capture
the capital, they reported scattered and
slight damage)
Generally, communications are heavily
burdened. Many buses have gone to the
front or into other military work The
city's electric buses and street cars still
operate, but are badly jammed.
Garry On Almost Normally.
While all OF Moscow may appear to be
going to the theaters at night, the war
industries still run increasingly behind
their blacked-out walls. But the casual
walker cannot see them. He only knows
that they are making it possible for the
rest of Moscow to continue its life, and
for capacity crowds to attend the ballet,
the drama, musical comedies, opera, folk
dances, concerts and, of course, the
movies.
Long lines wait before ticket booths
In society where life is normally hard
because of war sacrifices, there is a
strong appeal in gay lights, music and
the fantasy of the theater.
Several foreign films played to packed
houses this winter and spring. Heading
the list came the Three Musketeers"
from the United States, along with
Lady Hamilton" which still is going
strong. Desert Victory" the record of
how the British knocked Rommel out
of Egypt and Libya, is currently packing
them in.
Walt Disney's Fantasia" is here and
will be offered to film authorities 1t
probably will be shown to the public.
Many Russians saw it privately at the
American Embassy and expressed de-
light.
The city has no night clubs. and there
are no public dances. The non-theater
goers have their gatherings too, how
Evening star., 1943-04-25

tlonal surrender meeting with President
Roosevelt at Casablanca, was not new
departure from this treaty.. but simply
a reaffirmation of it.
Military conversations which accom-
panied and followed the Adana Confer
ence were merely a continuation of the
series begun by French Gen. Maxine
Weygand and British Gen. Sir Archi-
bald Wavell in Ankara on October 19,
1889
The significance of the Adana Con-
ference to discerning London observers
was, rather, that it could be held at ALL
The fact that the Turks could receive
the chief of belligerent state on their
own soil for conferences admittedly mill
tary, without fear of immediate Ger
man vengeance, told more than million
words could tell of the change in Hitler's
fortunes.
There had been a day in 1941 when
Turkey would not have dared nor
Churchill presumed to offer such a'taunt
to Germany. That was when the Ger
man legions in the Balkans came within
gunshot of the Turkish border.
They could have taken Turkey in a
minute one Turk here commented, with
an expressive snap of his fingers. 1t was
the moment of supreme opportunity for
Papen. BY all odds, he should have
been able to fleece the Turkish lamb in
twinkling. But it was then that the
Turks declared they would fight for their
hide, and Papen sheathed his shears, for
reasons known only to Hitler.
Papen persisted in demanding lesser
CONCESSIONS. but the only one Of I'M
Evening star., 1943-04-25

blood, get more praise from official Lon
don.
What Turkey has done has been SIM
pie, but not easy, the British say. She
has kept faith with democracy and,
Churchill added, has maintained solid
barrier against aggression from any
quarter, and by so doing, even in the
darkest days, rendered us invaluable
service y"
How Turkey has been able to maintain
and even strengthen that barrier against
Papens Establishments and Hitlers
threats-and why she has done so-is
one of the hitherto unexplained mys-
teries of the war. For clues, go back to
the beginning, September 3, 1899.
Turkey Needed Help.
Although within this century they had
been masters of an empire stretching
around the Mediterranean crescent from
the Balkans to Tripoli, the Turks of 1899
were an agricultural nation of only 49,
100000 They had an army of potentially
100000 fierce warriors, but not enough
modern equipment for a single armored
brigade.
In order to defend herself against the
inevitable spread of war, Turkey needed
help If help were not available, she
wanted forbearance. She wanted peace
and freedom to continue the task of
building modern democracy out of the
ruins of an Eastern despotism.
Her experience with Germany only 25
years before had cost Turkey her en-
pire.
Soviet Russia was in agreement with
Germany in 1899. A trip to Moscow in
September and October, 1899, yielded
nothing satisfactory to Saracoglu. Rela-
tions between Turkey and Russia simply
continued on the basis of their 1919
understanding.
But the British and French came for
ward with the kind of offer the Turks
wanted Recognition of their national
integrity and independence and of their
Importance, in President Ismet Inonu's
words, as an "oasis of security" between
Southeastern Europe and Britain'S
bridge empire in the Middle East.
The three powers signed treaty of
ulutudl d1u dSdlIlSI aggression III lne
Eastern Mediterranean for Is years, and
military staff talks began Immediately
When France fell in June, 1910, Turkey
ignored guarantee from Mussolini and
Britain assumed in full the obligations
of the treaty.
Since that day, the pact has withstood
all trials. 1t is the foundation of Turkish
foreign policy. The Adana Conference
at which Churchill met Inonu and his
colleagues, after leaving the uncoudi-
Evening star., 1943-04-25

policy of playing diplomacy on top of
the table instead of under it, their de-
termination to honor the signature on
their pact with Britain, their insistence
upon Turkeys rights as a sovereign,
though weak, nation.
"Papen could not bribe US one of
them explained. I'VE were not fright
ened by his stories of what the Ger
mans would do to Russia Not that we
are geniuses We learned from expert
ence in the last war.
Nor were we tempted by offers to
restore our empire. We had the empire.
for centuries, and what did 1t get us?
Always war. Thousands of dead Desc
lation. Poverty. A reputation all over
the world as being cruel masters.
To-day Turkey. is a homogeneous,
contented nation, striving for peace,
prosperity and security. We trust Brit
ain to help us gain these things. We
place our hope in Britain for the resto-
ration of the world. Papen could not
bribe us with anything less"
Papen Tries Again.
Papen tried, however. A summers
tempting was climaxed in October, 1941,
with the arrival of DR.. Clodius, German
mastermind of trade, who came in search
of commodity Germany needed badly
and Turkey produced plentifully-
chrome, vital hardening agent for STEEL
key clause of the Anglo Turkish
agreement had stipulated that Britain
should provide arms for Turkey. Turkey
herself could not-and cannot yet-man-
ufacture even machine gun complete
within her borders. But Britain had no
arms to spare-then. Germany presum-
ably did
Clodius offered arms for chrome. The
British, who with the Americans had
been getting Turkeys chrome output,
were consulted. Being well-supplied
themselves, they agreed that Turkey
might contract to furnish chrome to
Germany after the expiration of the
British contract in January of this year
d943). Later, the British changed their
minds, but the contract had already
been signed.
Turkey agreed to furnish Germany
$4,000 tons of chrome at the outset of
1913, in exchange for 100000 Turkish
pounds worth of arms, to be delivered
by the end of March. After the initial
deliveries on both sides, the Turks were
to provide $4,000 tons more for 1943 and
10000 in 1914, in exchange for more arms.
It was practically certain at the end of
last month (March) that the Germans
had not fulfilled their end of the bar
(aeA T1IRKEY PAN RAJ
Evening star., 1943-04-25

portance which he won was, paradoxi-
cally, a concession that actually served
the purposes of the Anglo Turkish alli-
ance-to reinforce Turkeys armed neu-
trality.
Contacts between the imperilled Turks
and the busy British had languished.
Their pledges of mutual aid had not been
implemented, despite the German inva-
sion of the Eastern Mediterranean, for
the frankly-stated reason that neither
Turkey nor Britain was able to imple-
ment them. Nor did either see any ad-
vantage in a hopeless and foolhardy
venture. Turkey was advised only to hold
the fort for the democratic alliance,
She gradually mobilized her army until
it contained approximately a. million
men. In the anxious weeks of January
and February, 1e41, when the German
tide turned East towards Turkey, she
negotiated aggression accord with
Bulgaria, her suspicious neighbor and
Western buffer.
Seventeen days later, on January q,
the alliance with Great Britain was re-
affirmed with an announcement that full
agreement had been reached in confer
ences with Anthony Eden, the British
foreign secretary, and Field Marshal Sir
John Dill, the British chief of staff.
Relationships with Germany were clar-
ified five days later when Papen gave
Inonu a message from Hitler, presum-
ably assuring Turkey that Germany's
Eastern thrust was not aimed at her.
Three weeks later, in one of her earliest
counter-moves against Germany, Russia
gave Turkey a pledge of full and COM
prehensive neutrality If she should be
attacked.
Sides Are Chosen.
Sides had been chosen, and Turkey
heard calmly the sound of war rushing
past her window on the Balkans, and
with the new Nazi masters of Southeast
ern Europe she concluded treaty of
friendship on June 10, 1941. Germany,
by report, wanted Turkey to assume full
partnership in the new order. Turkey
declined, and, on the contrary, insisted
that the treaty with Germany should
specify that it did not impair Turkeys
obligations to Britain.
Papen agreed. But why?
The opening Of Germanys campaign
against Russia was only five days away.
But even if he and the Turks knew Ger
man arms would soon be employed else
where than on Turkeys borders, they
had no apparent reason to believe they
would continue to be occupied for two
winters or more.
Many informed Turks believe that the
only thing that stymied Papen was their