davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Askov American., 1943-08-05
Hunting Seasons
Set By Game And
Fish Department
Five-Day Period for TAX
ing of Deer i'm November;
Pheasant Season % DAYS

A five-day season, from November
20 through November "a, for the
taking of deer was announced yes
terday by Verne E. Joslin, director
of the state Division of Game and
Fish. A statewide 23-day pheas-
ant season, from October %, through
November IA, was also set.
Several changes in laws pertain
ing to hunting were passed by the
recent legislature and hunters are
reminded to familiarize themselves
with them. A few of the important
laws are listed below.
May COnfiscate Automobiles.
An automobile is subject to con-
fiscation if used to transport deer
which have been illegally taken.
Seals may now be placed upon a
deer when it is brought to a road
and before it is loaded on any vehicle
for transportation for any distance,
or when it is brought in to the hunt
ing camp, farm, or other dwelling
occupied as a place of abode over
night. This eliminates the chance
of losing the seal while getting the
deer out of the woods. The seal
must be placed in the gamble joint
of the deer and locked.
License Sale Limited.
The sale of any deer hunting Ii
cense is prohibited after the third
day of the open season.
All deer hunters and other persons
going into the woods during the deer
season are required to wear red caps
and partially red jackets.
Heavy penalties may be imposed
for hunting while under the influ-
ence of narcotics or visibly intoxi-
Gated.
It is unlawful for a hunter to pass
through farmers gate without clos
ing it, or to cut or tear down any
fences.
Certain areas in the state will have
a special season for taking deer with
bow and arrow, as in the past, and
in some areas a shotgun with a single
slug may be used.
Askov American., 1943-08-05
Cattle Divisions
On Steady Trend
Broad Demand Causes A
Sharp Upswing in Early
Hog Prices.

War Food Administration: Some
minor price changes occurred early
this week in the cattle division, but
the market for the most part held a
near steady trend. Fed steers and
yearlings being comparatively scarce
had a fully steady trend as well as
heifers, but the rather liberal supply
of cows sold weak to 25 cents lower.
Top in the steer division was $1,000
paid for part load of choice 1876
pound weights, and two lots of choice
mediumweights made $15.85. Bulk
of the good and choice fed steers
and yearlings ranged from $14.00 to
$15.65, while common and medium
sorts bulked at $10.75 to $13.75.
A price of $3.50 was the practical
limit on good grass cows although
odd head of young heifery individ-
uals touched $3.50. Gamers and
cutters went at $3.50 to 1925. The
weeks top on vealers at $16.50 was
steady as well as the bulk good and
choice at $14.00 to $1,000. Stocker
and feeder trade was slightly i'm
proved, but quality continued rela-
lively low.
Hog Price Trend Reversed.
The trend in hog prices was
abruptly reversed at the start of the
new week. Receipts at leading points
showed shrinkage, but it was broad
demand from all buying sources that
caused the sharp upswing to prices.
For two days values on all slaughter
classes advanced fully Is cents as
compared with the close of last week.
Practical top was $3.50, although
load or two of choice light butchers
reached $14.00 on Mondays late
trade.
CONTINUED on Page ~
Askov American., 1943-08-05
Askov Pair Mark
Golden Wedding
At Local Church
Mr.. and Mrs. Jorgen Jen-
sen Among Early Pioneer
Settlers in Community.

Two of Askov's oldest pioneers,
in point of residence, Mr.. and Mrs.
Jorgen Jensen, were honored last
Thursday by friends and nieghbors
who gathered at their home in the
afternoon and in the Askov church
basement in the evening to help them
observe their golden wedding ami
versary.
The Jensen home was filled to
capacity in the afternoon when
friends and close neighbors called to
extend congratulations to the honored
couple For the evenings entertain
ment the committee in charge had
arranged a program of songs and
several short talks by old friends of
the family.
Program Presented
Chris Henriksen, former neigh
Dor of the Jensen family when they
lived in Nebraska, acted as master
of cermony, and after bidding the
guests welcome, called on several for
few remarks. Among those who
spoke were Rev. M. Mikkelsen, A.
Henriksen, N. B. Miller, Mrs. Chas.
Krantz, Mrs. Jorgen Paulsen, Mrs.
Wayne Jacobsen, Mr.. and Mrs. c. M.
Nelson and Mrs. j. B. Jensen. Two
solos were sung by Mrs. Svend Pc
tersen, accompanied by Mrs. A. Hen
riksen at the piano. In behalf of his
parents, Roy Chris Jensen thanked
the gathering for the program and
for the gifts presented to them. A
bountiful lunch was served at the
close of the evening.
Married in South Dakota
Mr.. and Mrs. Jensen were born in
Denmark, the former on August 18,
1873, at Saalten, and the latter at
Hvibierg on March Is, 1871. They
came to this country in the early
nineties and were married at De-
Smet, South Dakota, on July 90,
1893. Mr.. Jensen worked for a time
as section hand on the railroad but
later turned to farming, which occu-
patton he has followed since.
They came to the new Danish
colony here in November, 1907, being
among the first settlers, and estab-
lished farm home northeast of the
village. They retired some time ago,
living on the o. r. Keller place east
of Askov, but moved this summer to
the Wesley Wallace farm nearby to
take care of that property while Mr.
and Mrs. Wallace are engaged in war
work.
Noted for Hospitality.
Mr. and Mrs. Jensen have become
noted for their hospitality, friend
and stranger alike finding a warm
welcome when they called on them.
Many of the early settlers in the
community were made to feel at home
there and as the years passed Mr.. and
Mrs. Jensen made an increasing circle
of friends who will join in wishing
them many more happy years toget-
her. The friendliness and neighbor-
illness that they have displayed is we'll
in keeping with the traditions of
their native land and with the help
full spirit of the pioneers here.
Askov American., 1943-08-05
Ration Board Lists
New Instructions

Recent information released by the
rationing board at Pine City for the
benefit of the public is the following:
Applicants losing any type of ra-
ton documents or books must wait
for replacement go days after noti-
fication at the local ration board Of
flee.
No new tires will be available for
spares during the next few months
to any drivers except for firemen and
doctors who at times are required to
drive at high speeds. Neither new,
used nor recapped tires can be OBJ
tanned by drivers who have four
sound and serviceable tires plus one
that can be used for an emergency
spare.
Stove purchase certificates now
issued and normally valid for 80
days from date will be invalid after
August % when it is expected that
the new nationwide stove rationing
plan will be in effect.
A primary supplier desiring to
change his status to that of a dealer,
should first surrender his primary
supplier registration certificate by
mailing it to the Central and Audit
Section in the Washington office. A
dealer who becomes primary sup
plier as to any place of business
must surrender to the local board his
certificate of registration and coupons
and other evidences, equal in gallon
age value to the untitled capacity of
his fuel oil storage facilities. He must
then apply to the board for registra-
ton as primary supplier.
Askov American., 1943-08-05
.Sheepmen Urged To
Try New Treatment

Use of phenothiazine and salt to
recommended by County Agent Clyde
P. Shumway, who points out that
while it is more expensive than
drenching it will save tremendously
on time and labor and keep the para
sites under control. The salt mix
ture is placed in boxes and made
available to sheep on pasture.
There is possibility that regular
drenching of flocks will be neglected
this summer by many sheep growers
simply because they have too many
demands on their time, Mr.. Shum-
way said. Nevertheless, sheepmen
who recognize that stomach worms
take a heavy toll of lambs each year
are in the market for some means of
control which will save on labor and
still be effective. Sheepmen in Pine
county are urged to try mixing the
phenothiazine powder with salt and
make it available throughout the pas
ture season.
The treatment can be used effec-
lively in the control of both the
stomach worm and the nodular worm.
Recommended mixture is one pound
of phenothiazine to nine pounds of
salt. Where pastures are large, more
than one salt box should be installed
in the pasture Some kind of cover
on the salt box to protect the con-
tents from the weather should be
provided.
Building plans for salt boxes may
be obtained by writing to Bulletin
Room, University Farm, st. Paul.
Askov American., 1943-08-05
of German troops and renounce
all collaboration with the Nazis.

At the moment these lines are
being written, the Italian govern
ment is pondering this proposal, and
there can be no doubt that it would
jolly we'll like to shake off the Nazi
fetters, but the question remains
whether it can. Knowing-as Ba-
doglio does know-that if the Ital-
ians do not hurry up about it, their
country will be bombed to smith
Greens, it is probable they will find
a way out. There is no other alter
native.
Sicilian Defeats.
One fact that makes it clear that
Italian resistance is not sufficiently
effective, is the gradual American,
British and Canadian conquest of
Sicily.
The occupation, it's true, has not
lately been going on at the same
rapid pace as in the beginning, but
it makes steady progress, just the
same, and it is probable that Mes
sina will be taken by the Americans
quite soon, and that Catania will fall
to the British at about the same time.
One noteworthy fact in this
connection is that there is prac-
tically no Italian resistance on
the island of Sicily; it has been
left to the Germans to defend
whatever is left to defend.
The Sicilians themselves seem to
be saturated with joy at the thought
that the Americans have captured so
many of their cities, and where the
Yanks triumphantly enter the ancient
towns, they are greeted with hand
kisses, with flower garlands and wine.
Indeed, most unusual conquest!
But it is interesting because it shows
more clearly than anything else that
the Sicilians have been sick and tired
of Mussolini domination and Hitler
militarism, waiting, rather impa-
tiently, for that chance to throw off
CONTINUED on page d
Askov American., 1943-08-05
International News Review
BY GEORG STRANDVOLD

Twenty-nine years ago this week
showers of war declarations fell upon
Europe, involving nearly all the great
powers of that continent-and, later
on, those of other continents as well.
That is, during the first week
of August, 1914, the War to End
all Wars began.
In sense, that war is still going
on, pretty soon becoming something
like the Thirty Years War of the
seventeenth century. OF course, you
may say that, certainly, it hasn't been
war all the time since 1914. No, but
when it wasn't, it was preparation
for what is now proceeding
now in 1943 you fail to hear any
statement to the effect that the pres
ent catastrophe will end all wars.
Everybody hopes it will. Nobody
believes it can.
Italian Collapse.
One thing is fairly sure, and that
is that the Italian crisis of July Is,
when Mussolini was forced out of
office, was the most stunning blow
Hitler's Nazi Germany has suffered
to date. He now has no major ally
in Europe, and the less said about the
usefulness of his Asiatic ally, Japan,
the better, for from Tokyo he can
expect neither aid nor useful SYM
pathy. With the exception of some
smaller states, reluctantly allied with
him, he stands alone against the most
powerful array of nations ever or
ganized.
Although Marshall Pietro Badoglio,
MusSolini's successor as head of the
Italian government, bravely enough
started out with a declaration to the
effect that Italy was going to keep
on fighting, no one thinks she can.
The United Nations have told
Badoglio-chiefly through the
American General Eisenhower
that it was not quite enough to
rid Italy of MussOlini and his
Fascism; they also had to get rid
Askov American., 1943-08-05
TWoAchievemeht
Days Scheduled
For Pine County
Northern 4-H Clubs to
Meet at Willow; Others at
Pine City.

Achievement days for the Pine
county All Clubs will be held Fri
day and Saturday, August 13 and
IA, with the clubs in the northern
end of the county meeting at the
Willow River SchoolhouSe on Friday
and those from the south, at Pine
City. This arrangement was thought
best to save transportation expenses
and facilities. Miss Mildred Schenck
of the state All Club office will
judge exhibits both days.
To Decide Fair Trips.
AS all state fair trips are to be
decided on the Achievement days it
is important that the members make
arrangements to exhibit or demon
strate at that time. Club members
and leaders should plan to bring
their lunch.
The individual silent bread demon
stration will get under way at 9
o'clock each day. Flour, syrup and
yeast will be furnished for demon
strations but any extra equipment
desired must be brought by the dem
onstrator. The demonstrations may
be in any project or activity. Pro-
ject record sheets should be filled out
up to date and include story and
filed with county office by August 10.
Clothing Exhibits.
Clothing exhibits may be one out
side garment and any extra articles
made and properly labeled with
name and address as designated by
state fair premium list. The best
clothing exhibit will 60 to the state
fair but not the club member. A
dress revue will be given in the aft
ernoon of both days when the club
girls will wear the dress made and
the winner of this contest will receive
a trip to the state fair.
Exhibits at Achievement day will
include canning, care of children,
clothing, garden, home Improvement,
potatoes and flower arrangement.
Canning Demonstrations.
Canning must consist of four jars
of canned fruit or four jars of vege-
tables or four of meat or four of
combination of above products, or
four jars of products preserved by
other methods, as drying, sulphuring
or brining. All must be properly
labeled according to state fair in
structions, which are obtainable from
local leaders.
Garden exhibits may be made up
of one to five of the following classes:
Green or wax beans (1s peck), beets
co., cabbage Il head), carrots (6),
cauliflower Il head), cucumbers,
green (6), kohlrabi co., onions (1a
peck), parsnips (6), peas (1a peck),
pumpkin pie %, tomatoes (1a peck),
and squash (three small variety or
one large).
Should Have Records.
Care of children, exhibits require
two items or articles.
Complete records may place the
club member in the blue ribbon group
and no trip is to be awarded to any
who do not receive blue ribbon score
on their record and story.
Lone Star members may demon
strate or exhibit either day.
Health representative will be ex-
amined at l p. m. each Achievement
day.
Askov American., 1943-08-05
ODT OFFICIAL COMING

Tom Jordan of the Duluth ODT
office will be in the Triple A office
at Sandstone Monday forenoon, Au-
gust 9, to assist truck operators in
this district with any problems they
may have relative to their gasoline
allotments. Mr. Jordan will be at the
rationing board office in Pine City
during the afternoon
Askov American., 1943-08-05

CONTINUED on Page ~
La gaceta., 1943-03-19
NYILAS TRIUNFO EN- Ell
TORNEO DE SABLE

New York, MARIO 19.-Retu-
vo ell titulo de campe6n de sa-
BILE, en- ell torneo efectuado en- la
sala Sale Santelli, Ell DR.. Thor
Nyias, que en- la etapa final su-
pc derrotar a Norman Armita-
sc, del Club de e~sgrimistas.
Sc lie entreg6 al DR.. Nyilas la
cOpa Santelli.
Finaliz6 Armitage en- segun-
do lugar, ell Sr. John Huffman
ell tercero y George Worth Ell
cuarto.
Participaron tambien en- los
finales Neil Lazar, Herbert
Spector, Nicolas Murray y DR..
James Flynn.
La gaceta., 1943-03-19
VICTORIA APURADA
DE CALLURA

Boston, mario 18.-Jackie
ell peso de pluma de Ha
milton, Ontario, venci6 anoche
por decision, en- Is ~asaltos, a
Jackie Wilson, reteniendo la co
roma de la Association Nacional
de Boxeo.
Atacaba Callura con extra
ordinaria furia y frecuentemen
te estremecfa a su rival, PECAN
dole por ell cuerpo con los dos
puios.
Uno de los jueces vote por
Wilson. Presenciaron el match.
en- ell Edificio de los Mecanicos
solo 4318 espectadores, cerca
de 1000 menos de 10 que Sc ha-
bia calculado.
La gaceta., 1943-03-19
las CARRERAS DE GALGOS
Correran los mejores

Ganaron las once carreras de
anoche, en- ell Canedromo de Sui
phur Springs, los yaliosos elem
plares Irish Traveller, Sweet
Tone, Thad Doran, Foxy Bonn
her, Little Ben, Service, Sky
way, Country RUDE, Time Ia
BILE, John Maloney y Argus Cou
rier.
La quiniela o apuesta doble
Sc acredit6 a Sweet Tone y
Thad Doran, siendo Abonados
los boletos a $4,000.
Little Ben, Irish Traveller.
Service, Country Rube y John
MaloneN cram los faWoritos y
sus billetes Sc pagaron, respec'
tivamentet a $3.50, $1.9O, $500
$1.60 y $1.40.
Promote ser sensational la OK
tava carrera de la noche de hoy
v para ella han Sido escogidoE
Hick Hines, More Taxes, Scat
terbrain, Minute Mix, lYutka,
Never Roll y Who's Boy.
La gaceta., 1943-03-19

FL empresario nlmero 2 en-
n~uestros circulos deportivos,
cue esta desplazando al hume
TO / en- 10 que a pugilismo res
pecta, Bill Sallade, anunci6 a
yer que Ell veterano pdgil Tony
Music vendra a Tampa y aqui
peleara, el dia 2 de abril, en- Ell
Auditorio Municipal, con Ell sar
gento Tommy Gomez, ahora
destacado en- Camp Van Dorm,
Mississippi. Tendra q match,
segdn 10 convenido telefonica-
mente con Music, una duracion
de diez asaltos.
Pesa el cotratado, que resis-
La gaceta., 1943-03-19
ANGCTT Sc BATH
RA CON Ell CAMPEON PEP
FL joven de Hartford contin1a
siendo ell favorito

New York MARIO 10. Ell nue.
vo campe6n del peso de pluma,
Willie Pep, que lleva obtenidas
62 victorias consecutivas, ten
ora hoy de rival, en- la Madison
Square Garden, a un pGgil de
reconocida destreza, Sammy An
gott, 'excampe6n de las 1876 Ii
gras.
Mike Jacobs espera que 20
mil espectadores paguen sus en-
tradas y dejen en- las taquillas
cerca de $4,000.
Los asientos de junto al cua
drilatero Sc venden, sin sobre-
precio, a $11.80.
Pep es una poSitiva atrac-
Ci6n y en- las apuestas aparece
como ell ~favorito, en- proportion
de 5 a 2.
La gaceta., 1943-03-19
MAURIELUO CLASIFICADO
At EN- CUANT0 AL SER.
VICIO MILITAR

New York .larzo 19.-Tami
Mauriello, Ell pugil local de pc
so complete, ha sido clasificado
4-F por su junta de recluta-
miento, aunque tiene 10 amos de
'edad.
Sc le tomaron radiografias
de un pie que Sc fracturara
siendo nino y que lie ha venidc
molestando en- sus combates co.
mo gladiator.
Las lastimaduras que preser
ia en- los tendones y huesos sir
vieron de base a esa classified
lci6n.
La gaceta., 1943-03-19
Music eleafa en- Tampa con el sarsentOG 6mez
Prepare Ell prOsrama ell empresari6 Sallade

tiera nueve asaltos a Jose Luis,
200 libras y ostenta victorias so
bre Lee Savold, Buddy Walker,
Buddy Knox y Herbie Katz. Re
cientemente hizo tablas con el
vigoroso negro c%aliforniano
Turkey Thompson.
Gomez fue notificado aver
por su director, Jose Leto, e in
mediatamente comenzara a en-
trenarse.
Ell sargento derrot6 en- esta
ciudad, hace jocos dias, al ha'
bill y vigoroso asturiano Clau-
dio Villar.
La gaceta., 1943-03-19
DEPORTE
JACOBO LAMOTTA PELEA.
RIA CON REEVES

Detroit, mario 19.-Esta nc
che, Jacobo LaMotta, de New
York, gladiator del peso media
mo. Sc batira aqui con Jimmy
Reeves, de Cleveland.
Jacobo, un fuerte joven italia
no, es ell favorito. Hace pocas
semanas, en- esta ciudad, rom
pi6 la cadena de victorias del va
famoso negrtio "AzGcar" Ray
Robinson, campe6n sin corona
del as lat libras.
La gaceta., 1943-03-19
ORENGO LEGO
A LAKEWOOD

Arrib6 aver al campamento
de los Gigantes, en- Lakewood,
New Jersey, Ell habit pelotero
Joe Orengo, aspirante ndmero
3 la primera base, en- ell case
de que Johnny Mize sea llama
do por ell ejercito. y
Los otros dos aspirantes son
Babe Barna y ell novato Mike
Schmer. Orengo puede desem-
La gaceta., 1943-03-19

Sc DESEA.-Caja de eau
dales de combination. Olga la
marca, precio y dimensiones
exteriores e interiors;. Tam
bien un archivador de cartas.
DirijasetP. o. Box 5536.
La gaceta., 1943-03-19
MUSIAL EN- REBELDIA

Stan Musial, ell habilisimo
jardinero de los Cardenales, ma
,nifest6 aver que sus diferencias
con la direction de la novena,
en- cuanto a sueldo, no Sc han so
.lucionado todavfa.
"Durante ell invierno eStuve
jugando al galoncesto y mi sa-
lud es perfecta. Creo MERCER,
por mis- servicios del ano pasa-
do, una mejor oferta."
La gaceta., 1943-03-19
DOERR
EN- TRABAJAR

La segunda base de los Me-
dias Rojas de Boston, Bobby
Doerr, manifesto aver que pien
sa dejar la pelota por un ira
bajo en- una fabrica de aviones
o en- un a~stillero. "Tengo una
esposa y un nino de ocho meses
en- los cuales pensar." Rechaz6
Doerr su primer contrato y d.
ce que traia ell mismo sueldo
del ano pasado.
La gaceta., 1943-03-19

ST no Sc produce an npcaut el
cpmhate durarN 10 asaltos.
Al veneedor se le ha promati
do un match" con el negrito
Beau Jack, campe6n de las l25
libras.
Angott es un "estilista" que
frecuentemente Gambia sus me
todos de ataque y sorprende al
adversario.
En- un total de 81 peleas, la
victoria hubo de sonreirle 70
wees.
Tendra Sammy una ventaja
en- ell peso de seis libras, proba'
'blemente 13412 contra 1913.
Centenares de "fieles" de
Hartford, Conn.,, han separado
billetes para presenciar Ell com
bate y aplaudir a Pep, su boz
xeador predilecto.
La gaceta., 1943-03-19
NJ

Rogert C. Giles, Y, Y Ester
Marjorie Warren, 21S; Robert
W. Keller 2, y Laurie Brown.
"a; Willie Jones, p, y Marga-
ret Naples, II; Lawrence Err
vim Freligh, % y Frances Eve
lyn Parker, %; Jimmie B. Sc
gallos, 20, y Doris Ann Mac Do
maid, 81.
La gaceta., 1943-03-19
NOTICIAS Y
DE BASEBALL
RODRIGUEZ

Uno de los nuevos jardine-
ros de los Dodgers 10 es Luis
Rodriguez Dino, que ell ano pa
sado jugara del club Richmond
de la Liga Piedmont. Termin6
ell ano con un prOmedio de 337
puntos.
Rodriguez es natural de Ca
guas, Puerto Rico, y no Sc sien
te satisfecho con la temperate
ra de Bear Mountain.
La gaceta., 1943-03-19
-Hvbbell. FL "Rey Carl" essdsn
entNenAndose en- prfvad0.

Sc vienen distinguiendo en-
lis primeros ejercicios de la no
vena que comanda Mel OFT, Bill
Lohrman, Billy urges, Babe
Barna, Van Mungo, Cliff Mel
ton, Hugh Poland Y Gus Man.
cuso. Lee Handley insiste en- no
.jugar a la pelota en- este ano y
acaga de reiterar su decision en-
una carta a OFT.
La gaceta., 1943-03-19
FIRMO PHIL MASSI

Firm6 aver su contrato con
los Braves ell catcher Phil Ma
81, que lleva cinco amos con la
novena.
La gaceta., 1943-03-19

panar todas Jas phnes del
cuadro, con Ia eSsepei6n del cat
cher.
La gaceta., 1943-03-19
CARL HUBBELL

CARL HUBBELL
Esta en- buenaIs condEciones
fisicas, segdn las noticias llega
'das del c~ampamento de los Gil
.gantes, ell notable pitcher Carl
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-05-11
Sea Escape Hopes
Of Nazis Crushed
Continued from Page u

major attempt by the Germans to
stage a Tunisian "Dunkirk" by sea,
probably because no boats had been
available except few small ones
which were sunk by Allied planes.
Pantelleria Bombed
American and British bombers
continued TO throw their greatest
weight against the chain Of island
stepping stones along the invasion
route to Italy. Enemy air fields and
harborS at Pantelleria naval base
island and on Sicily were bombed.
1t was the fifth raid in three days
on Pantelleria when another group
OF more than 100 bomberS attacked
the island Monday afternoon follow
ing a similar morning raid.
Flying Fortresses bombed the air.
fields at Milo and Borizzo in Sicily,
while other airplanes hammered the
enemy positions on Cap Bon and in
the Zaghouan sector. Many big
fires were seen on Cap Bon as q
result OF the bombings,
Again the Allied airplanes met
virtually no opposition in the air,
although they concentrated on
enemy airdromes from which troops
might try to escape by air from
Tunisia.
TIN. spokesman pointed out that
while the Germans are showing
no inclination to throw up their
hands on the south from, the bat
Tie of North Africa Is practically
completed"
Many prisoners we're coming In,
sometimes entire companies with
full equipment, from the Cap Bon
peninsula and many Of them seemed
happy to surrender. Near Mogh-
rane the enemy made a small coun-
ter-attack but 1t was quickly re-