davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1943-08-08

DR.. Schwartz says skin trouble is the
most frequent occupational disease
among munitions Notwithstanding he
says, in to so per cent of all new work
ers handling explosives. Among such
substances are tetryl, used as booster"
charge in high explosives; mercury full
inmate which is used in detonators, and
TINT.
The work of DR.. Schwartz and his staff
is not without danger to themselves.
They visit the most dangerous parts of
munitions plants. They have burned
themselves with mustard gas and lewis
ite-two Of the worst war gases-in
efforts to develop protective ointments.
Dr. Schwartz has gone sloshing
through hip-deep water with tunnel
workers in New York and Colorado to
determine the cause of ugly boils they
were developing.
Another recent case:
Electricians installing cables in ships
at four big West Coast shipyards we're
almost ready to quit their jobs after a
number of them developed bad skin
rashes.
The men thought the rashes suffered
In all four yards were the same. They
dubbed them cable rashes" The ten
sion was heightened by news of the
fatal poisoning of three workers in the
plant that manufactured the wires they
used. -s... ...-
When DR.. Schwartz was called into
the case, he determined that the out
break in one yard was caused by a
chemical used for coating the wires in
a special type of cable used there. But
he showed that the outbreaks in the
other yards were insect rashes, impetigo
and other common skin diseases in no
way related to the work the men we're
doing. =
Oils Also Cause Rashes.
Schwartz demonstrated actual cases Of
various types of the rashes at a meeting
OF the workers, and recommended pro-
tective respirators and other aides for
the men in the first yard. The electri-
clans stayed on the job.
Schwartz and his fellow sleuths have
traced industrial skin troubles to such
things as oils used in the making and
machining of parts for airplanes and
tanks, and to zinc chloride fumes given
off in soldering operations in making
small-caliber ammunition.
In virtually all cases protective cloth
ing, improved ventilation, ointments and
cleansers have been recommended
DR.. Schwartz and his men probe into
the history of each case to determine II,
perhaps, the skin disease under study
might have developed before the worker
entered his present employment. They
familiarize themselves with various oper-
ations involved in a given job to try to
determine at which step in the process
the infection may have started.
Schwartz can reel off details in the
manufacture of an airplane wing or a
pair of stockings with almost the same
ease that he describes the technique Of
making patch test on skin with vari-
Evening star., 1943-08-08

Of new processes for hundreds of other
chemicals such as glycerin for dynamite
formaldehyde for explosives and acety-
lene, acetic acid, creosol for war uses.
The third branch of OPRD is indus
trial processes and products. directed by
Paul T. Norton. jr., head of the indus
trial engineering department at Vir-
ginia Polytechnic Institute, with many
years of practical industrial experience
His deputy director is Richard A. Wolff
The fourth branch is consumer prod
ucts its objective maintaining civilian
life, its projects the newest and most
numerous in OPRD. Directing 1t is
Philip N. Youtz, an aviation engineer of
World War I, tall, square, black haired.
whose list of things-a alrea dy-done reads
like the marvellous dreams which scien-
lists were predicting only year ago.
Evening star., 1943-08-08
By Howard ". BlakesIee,
Associated Press Science Editor.

for OPRD. Months probably were saved.
Fifteen men direct the work of OPRD.
They do no research themselves. They
can phone any scientist or industry in
the United States and get, sometimes
in few minutes, answers to questions
based on many years Of research. There
has never been anything like this setup
before in the United States. Indirectly
the Is are one of the most powerful
groups in this war, for the information
which they correlate is essential to au-
thorities who decide where priority
money and materials go.
OPRD is divided into four branches
Directing the metals and minerals
I branch is DR.. c. K. Leith, University of
Wisconsin geologist, tall, gray, with a
never failing sense of humor. He was
an adviser of Bernard Baruch In World
War and OF the American Commission
Evening star., 1943-08-08

tsee MOSCOW, Page C-3D
Evening star., 1943-08-08

But Lord Halifax. who knew only
Harry Hopkins when he came, made
friends quickly throughout the country.
He even learned to like baseball.
A story was circulated shortly after his
arrival that at his first baseball game he
was offered a hot dog. When he refused,
he was asked if he knew what it was.
"Oh yes, he said, that's why I won't
eat it."
Works for Cooperation.
A reporter who heard the story went
to the Ambassador and said jokingly it
would be good idea to have a picture
taken OF Lord Halifax eating a hot dog
to counteract the impression. SO the
Ambassador hied himself to a roadside
stand, bought hot dog with plenty of
mustard) and ate It, And there wasn't q
photographer in sight.
Lord Halifax came 70 the United
Evening star., 1943-08-08
Medical Sleuth S0lues Industrial Ills

DIR. LOUIS SCHWARTZ, director OF the
section OF skin disease investigation OF
the United States Public Health Service,
Uho is kno1On as an industrial disease
detectiue," since he is charged Nth the
task OF determining the cause OF out
breaks OF skin diseases 10 Industrial
plants. He is here sho,pn In the National
Institute of Health laboratories at Be-
thesdd, Md.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-05-08
The Thoughts of Youth

The question of education continues
a complex one to the young man who
has already entered college or Is just
ready to enter college He is eighteen
and over, or soon will be eighteen. What
to do? He had hoped for few years of
higher education but his first duty is to
his country and some branch of the
service An article states that the army
is planning for 900 to be registered in
training units in colleges this fall. Spe-
cialized training courses will be offered
and for the young man who is not going
directly into some service of the Army
or Navy one of these colleges is his best
bet.
Never was their time when decisions
were so hard for the young man from
seventeen years of age upwards to the
early tWenties He must make quick de-
cisions, and his parents must make them
for him. Twenty, twenty-five or thirty
years ago the seventeen-year-ol was a
boy with few responsibilities. Today he
has matured through existing cTcum-
stances and he has to think quickly and
act quickly.
The boy graduating from high school
is forced to face facts and give up the
usual carefree summer that followed
high school commencement. The boy
of today leaps from childhood to man.
hood without those pleasant years be-
tween spent in boys fun The situation
suggests the lines of the poet Longfellow
in my Lost YOUTH
"A boys will is the winds will,
And the thoughts of youth are long,
long thoughts"
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-05-08
Foundations For Two Freedoms

Under-Secretary of State Sumner
WelleS, in urging that agreements based
on the principles of the Atlantic Charter
be reached by the United Nations before
an armistice is signed, so that among
other things rehabilitation measures can
be undertaken without delay, opens up
q subject on the successful solution Of
which the future Wellbeing and prosper
ity of our country and the world, de-
ponds.
Freedom from fear-the assurance of
peace" says Mr.. Welles, land freedom
from Want-the assurance of individual
personal security, require all the nipple
mentations which the genius of man can
devise through effective forms of inter
national cooperation"
Peace-freedom from fear-cannot be
assured while war threatens anywhere
throughout the globe-and until nations
Jointly exercise police powers to prevent
armed hostilities. Freedom from want
Mr.. Welles points out, depends upon peo-
pie being able to find useful work con-
tinuously and to exchange the things
they produce for things other people can
make. The problem of removing OBJ
Stacles to fair exchange is more difficult
than the problem of production. 1T will
take much wisdom, much cooperative Ell
fort, and much surrender of private,
short-sighted and sectional self interest,
to make these things all come true. But
the goal is freedom from want, individual
security and national prosperity"
AS one of the first steps in carrying
out such a program, the world will be
watching to see whether Congress takes
favorable action on renewal of the Reel
procal Trade Agreements Act, next June.
Efficient and continuous production and
fair exchange, which the Act encourages,
are both necessary to the abundance
which we seek, and the responsibility for
maintaining pattern of procedure rests
more heavily on the United States today
than ever before.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-05-08
After the War

It Is too early yet to tell whether John
against the United States, will yet emerge
with substantially what he went after.
If he loses this fight, it will be the first
he has lost. Always before, when things
looked blacklist for him, he has managed
to Houdini himself and his mine workers
out with pecuniary benefits, whoever
might claim the superficial honors.
Whether Lewis or President Roosevelt
wins this strike, labor unionism already
has lost. Hundreds of unions; millions
of workers who are in no way involved,
who respect Labor's pledges against
strikes, who would not think of hamper
ing our soldiers and sailors and marines
by holding up production, are victims
of Lewis attitude. In Hawaii, where the
Japanese started this war, American
service men are reported to be amazed
and infuriated that any man or any
union should dare stab the United States
in the back at time like this.
Said Private First Glass Ollie Ostrum
of Goose Creek, Texas: 81 class this strike,
or any strike, along with sabotage" Said
Serg. John S. Hanson of Seattle: II feel
no one should exercise the constitutional
right to strike as long as there is an
American soldier laying down his life on
a battlefield"
Said Corporal Early Peterson of Man
haitian, Kansas, veteran of the Battle
of Midway: anyone who strikes in war
time should be put on a battlefield in
place of some older man in the service
Strikes are what the enemy wants. Is
that what the American people want
also?" Take it from any man who has
faced bullets, shells, bombs and torpe-
does for his country, this is how every
soldier, sailor, marine and coast guards
man feels. After World War I there
was concern about the reaction of vet
Grams in labor matters. 1t arose directly
from bitterness over fat wages paid in
war plants while men died for $50 a
month land found"
After World War II millions of men
are going to be demobilized who will have
been embittered by the spectacle of John
L. Lewis pulling strike in the mines
which supply fuel without which most
war plants would have to shut down.
Their deep anger is certain to slop over
against innocent, patriotic unions and
workmen. This one incident may 60
far toward making the Veterans of World
War II a powerful agency Of unreasoning,
illogical reaction in labor matters. Any
thing John Lewis may have done in the
past to advance the cause of working
men has been written off the books now.
He has become organized labOr'S Number
One liability for the postwar future.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-05-08
Inconceivable in Japan

The japanese foreign office organ,
Nippon Times, is correct in saying that
"a direct challenge to governmental
power in wartime" such as our coal
strike, sis inconcelvable in Japan
In Japan - and also in Germany, in
Italy, in the satellite Axis countries and
the occupied areas, challenge to govern
ment is inconceivable at any time.
In order that we may never be forced
into a condition such that the people
cannot challenge their government, we
must voluntarily waive, for the time be-
ing, many of our most cherished rights
and privileges. If we insist upon them
now we could lose them forever. By waiv-
ing them now, we may safeguard them
for the long future.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-05-08

side of the path, so, as he put 1t,
"they would not suffer the ignominy
of being trodden upon"
Now what was my SURPRISE" he
writes, latter three or four days
to see the bottom flowers coming
out on each stalk, and the next day
and the day after another and an
other bloomed. They bloomebd for
ten days, flower coming out after
flower" And he ends his letter with
these words, II thought you would
like to hear my story of life after
DEATH"
The persistence of life! Doctors
know how hard it Is to destroy
germs, and farmers know how hard
it is to stamp out weeds and con-
tend with pests. The whole of our
physical organism is geared to make
life persist as long as possible.
The persistence we observe in the
physical exists also In the spiritual.
Even the lives which lie broken by
the roadside, like the hollyhock
stalks, have in them the germ of
growth and the promise Of lovely
bloom. There Is nothing more GER
tain than the immortality of the
soul, and no truth which slstains
the heart of man more in day
of trouble.
All Rights decentralization News
paper Syndicate
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-05-08
Government Payroll

wages and salaries than all American
industry was paying in 1889. This in
cludes the armed forces, and also state
and local governmental units. But it does
not include subsistence for soldiers, sail
ors, marines, coast guardsmen, etc.
The Federal Governemnt alone is
employing as many civilians as are en-
gagged in making planes, ships and other
transportation equipment, including
those employed in the automotive indus
tries. There are about 10, 100000 persons
on government payrolls. Their yearly
remuneration totals about $13,500,000,-
900. These figures come from the Ma
tional Industrial Conference Board. Prob
ably they don't prove anything. But
Uncle Sam is big boy now, isn't he?
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-05-08

The Senate has in mind simpler plan
for the pay-as-you-go form of taxation.
We venture to say that the simplest that
can be evolved will be as clear as mud
to a great many of us. 1t cannot be
simple, no matter how you figure it.
However, we know much can be done to
set up a form of taxation that will be
somewhat satisfactory. That it will be
entirely satisfactory is too much to ask
and too much to expect. The Senate'S
plan will be patterned after the Ruml
plan with parts of the Forand bill inter
larded. The senators are now putting
their minds to something that will be
a combination of all suggested taxation
plans, and there is hope of passage OF
presentable bill by May Is.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-05-08

The fighting spirit of former President
Theodore Roosevelt is repeated in two
following generations, his son Brigadler
General Theodore Roosevelt and his
grandson, Captain Quentin Roosevelt,
both cited for bravery in Tunisia. The
Roosevelt men are dynamic personalities
and in each generation is noted mem
Der or members who are conspicuous for
decisiveness and gallantry. Relative to
father and son in Tunisia both were IN
action under fire and both figured I'M
portantly in the success of operations.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-05-08
BENEFITS FOR EVERYBODY
New Haven Journal-Courier)

NNeW f1dVcIl JOuAlld1-SOuIAC1|
One Of the crackpot bills before
the state legislature proposes to in
sure the entire state population
against automobile accidents. There
are people injured and killed by
automobiles in this state, 1t is true.
The promotion for this measure
says that the injured number $4,000
and the killed between 300 and 400.
Which is to be deplored, most GER
tainly.
But the financial argument is the
weak spot of the proposed legisla-
ton. The bill provides that five
cents out of every dollar collected
in motor fees and gas tax be set
aside for this statewide accident
relief. This will not increase motor
fees or raise taxes, the argument
continues, but fails to explain how
100000 Of ideal money is to be
picked up without cancelling some
other activity or boosting taxes
somewhere.
One interesting note Is that the
sponsors are the Car Owners league
of Bridgeport and Nichols. Gould it
be that that Is the group that tried
a few years ago to abolish automo-
bile inspections In this state? If II
Is their schemes need not be enter
tanned seriously.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-05-08

transferred to Mitchell Field, he
managed to squeeze in business
course at Columbia University.
When he became squadron COM
mander, then a group commander,
at March Field, California, he was
only very active pilot who could
outfly and outshoot the younger
men under him, but also he took
a course in journalism at U. c.
L. A.
Gen. Hap" Arnold put those
wits into play khen he made
Eaker his executive in the ffice
of the Chief of Air Corps. Thus
Eaker was Gin the engine room"
of the big expansion program.
Arnold now admits privately he
couldn't have done the jos with
out Eaker.
In England, though forced to be
an administrator most of the time,
Eaker couldn't resist the tempta-
ton to go along on the first big
American raid last August. ~. His
group came back without losing a
single plane.
On this flight, he conceived
tricky device to avoid German
fighters. He sent out couple OF
decoys which threw the Germans
off in a direction far removed
from the principal flight. The de-
coys flew back and forth across
the Chanel, confusing the Ger
man radio detectors, while the
main formation of bombers, TAX
ing another course, got all the way
to their target without meeting
single fighter plane. 1t was not
until returning to England that
they encountered "the Jerry.
When Eaker climbed out Of his
plane, newsmen said, did you
lead the flight. General?" mo"
he said, II merely went along as
an observer
But newspapers described him as
having led the flight and many
a rival officer, reading the story,
accused Eaker of being a publicity
hound.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-05-08

Fetef EoSo@ maze OF varying
state codes to control flying within
state boundaries, and which hamper
flying across state boundaries.
Twenty-four states now have their
own specialized, local aeronautics
commissions or boards. Five states
have given control Of their air
rights to the state railroad or public
utility commissioners. Six states
have vested control of the air with
the state highway commissions. In
only 10 of the 48 states is there
relative freedom of the air, subject
to federal regulation only.
Take just the fundamental re-
quirement of licensing: IS states
require that both aircraft and air
men must have federal licenses.
Virginia requires a state license in
addition TO federal license. New
Hampshire and Connecticut require
only state license. A pilot flying
from New York City to New Hamp-
shire, crossing Connecticut, thus
requires three licenses-one federal
and two state-for himself and his
plane.
PROPOSAL BEFORE HOUSE
Where these conflicting state
regulations may cease to be funny
is through multiple state taxation.
In one recent court decision, an
airline operating through the air
over seven states was required to
pay property taxes on the full asses
ed value of all it's planes in one
of those states. If the six other
states in which the line operated
were to take similar action, this
fleet would be taxed seven times.
There is now before the House OF
Representatives bill known as the
Civil AeronauticS Act of 1913 which
would limit such over-regulation by
reserving to the federal government
the right to regulate intrastate air
commerce. The bill would also limit
multiple taxation, and would give
to federal authorities the power to
impose zoning restrictions near air.
ports where local laws and ordi-
nances do not adequately control the
removal of trees, power lines, smoke
stacks and similar obstacles which
are the principal hazards to flying
at takeof and landing times.
STATE FEAR INTERFERENCE
Opposition to all such legislation
comes from the Jealous guardians
of states rights, the legislators who
fear the encroachments of the fed
eral government into local affairs
Maybe they are justified in those
fears. But flying is developing so
fast that it Is beyond local control.
A plane from Pittsburgh to Colum-
bus flies through the air over West
Virginias sovereign hills for mat
ter of seconds. Should West Virginia
control the movements of that
plane? Or is it a proper function
of the federal government which
with one set Of rules instead of 48,
could control all such situations?
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-05-08
NO LAG IN sHIPYARDS
(New York SUM

In his report on war production
in the first qurter of 1943 Donald
M. Nelson, chairman of WPB, warns
that the output was far short of
the rate required to execute the
years program. Production in the
first three months was 10 per cent
Of the years scheduled production,
instead of Is per cent. This means
that there will have to be a sharp
rise in subsequent quarters If the
detectives for the year are to be
reached.
One highly encouraging report is
already at hand for the flrst month
of the second quarter. Rear Admiral
Emory S. Land, chairman Of the
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-05-08
SLEEPS WITH
LIGHTED CIGAR?

Eaker believes that every Air
Corps officer should keep fit for
flying. In England, he suggested
that officers quit wor4 at S p.
m. and take exercise before din
ner. But only one or two showed
up for exercise, SO Eaker de-
manded 100 per cent attendance,
on penalty of having to run down
a steep hill and dash into a cold
creek at 6 o'clock in the morning.
His own favorite sport Is vol
ley ball, which he plays with a
lighted cigar in his mouth. The
principal aim of his opponents
is not to throw ball he can
not catch, but to throw ball
which will smash that cigar
against his face. They boast Of
having succeeded more than
once. Rumor has 1t that the
General sleeps with a lighted
cigar in his mouth all night, but
the Eighth Air Force admits
that the report cannot be proved.
From the first day he arrived
in London, Eaker has been fight
ing for more equipment, but I'M
til the last few weeks he didn't
get the results &c wanted. Though
a large American force was &C
cumulated in England last sum-
mer a considerable number OF
planes went to North Africa for
the invasion.
In the pulling and hauling over
who needs bombers most - Mac
Arthur, Chennault, or Eaker-
Macarthur exerted pressure in the
press, but Eaker confined his pres
sure to the Pentagon building,
Finally he got results. In other
words, as Eaker puts 1t, the staff
is sending the big stuff where the
enemy Is.
There is nobody in Washington,
London or Berlin who doubts that
Ira Eaker will know what to do
with 1t.
copyright, 1913, by United
Feature Syndicate, Inc.)
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-05-08
Views OF The Press

Maritime Commission. reports that
in April American shipyards deliv-
cred 157 ships aggregating 1905, 600
lightweight tons. Deliveries In the
first four months amounted to 536
ships, aggregating $4,000 dead
weight tons. On the basis of the
April performance the shipyards are
delivering ships at the rate of more
than $4,000, 900 lightweight tons a
year. The shipyards have been con-
siStently lettering each previous
months record and there Is no rea-
son to believe that the record will
not be beaten again in the months
to come.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1943-05-08
Selected Poem
RUPERT BROOKE

Marietta r. Clarke in the New York Times)
On the ea-girdled Island where you sleep,
Do world -reverberations shake your bed
Beneath the whispering olive? Do you weep
Within your deep, white dream, not that you bled
But hiatt your bleeding (and theirs too) was vain?
Take comfort, Poet of the heart that burned,
The dying was not in vain, nor was there stain
Upon the Cause, that peace was but half-earned
And when incendiary flames have cooled,
The world will see that war cannot defile
The sacrifice you made, oh Heaven-ruled
Beside the mountains of the Skyros Isle,
Sleep on then, Soldier, with your Dream unmarried,
While Paphko Komaro and Khokias stand guard