davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-01-07
Defense Bond Sales

One of the effects of the Japanese
attacks upon Hawaii and the Philip
pines is that Of a considerable in
crease in the sale of Defense bonds.
Secretary of the Treasury Henry
Morgenthau, jr. in a radio address
Sunday night announced receipts for
December more than twice as large
as the monthly average since last
May. The total amount realized has
been $2,537 10000. and the figure for
the thirty days most recently passed
is reported as $528, $4,000 as COM
pared with $233 ,487 900 for November.
But approximately four times as
much money necessarily was spent
during the final month of 1941 to
protect American civilization as was
invested by American citizens in that
sacred cause. Mr.. Morgenthau re-
minded his audience that the Gov
eminent must continue the requisite
expenditure "at a far greater and
ever-increaSing rate" The Secretary,
explaining the outlay, made use of
language which is deserving of care
full consideration by his fellow-citi-
zens. War" he said, "is never cheap.
But let me remind you that it is a
million times cheaper to win than to
lose. The French, the Czechs, the
peoples Of a dozen conquered and
ravaged countries, can tell us what it
costs to lose. We have made up our
minds to win. We have made up our
minds to produce and to fight with
such an overwhelming number of
planes, of ships, of tanks, of guns
and of trained and fully equipped
men that the Nazis and the japanese
and their kind can never again
threaten our freedom. The cost of
our war effort should frighten no
one but our enemies"
OF course, some sacrifice is involved
on the part of every one. II am in dead
earnest" Mr.. Morgenthau declared,
when say that millions more must
Evening star., 1942-01-07
DoyIight Saving

lC ny oClldJC 1Nld
jority Leader Barkley that daylight
saving legislation will be one of the
immediate objectives Of Congress
should be welcomed widely by those
who remember the effectiveness Of
daylight saving as a conservation
measure during the First World War.
The extension OF daylight saving to
the entire Nation, and its application
throughout the year. would result in
an annual saving of over 1856 900 900
kilowatt hours of electrical energy,
according to estimates of the Federal
Power Commission.
Now that the United States has be-
come a belligerent, 1t is essential to
the prosecution Of the war effort
that steps be taken to curtail non
essential uses of electricity, thus
releasing more power for the produc-
ton of materials and weapons for
the armed forces. Even before our
entrance into the war, many parts OF
the country faced a power shortage.
That daylight saving would result
in substantial economies in fuel and
electric energy seems clear in the
light of experience. In March, 1918,
Congress put the country on daylight
saving time. A campaign against its
continuation was waged by farm Or
ganizations, which contended that
daylight saving caused farmers to
lose an hour from work in the morn
ing waiting for the dew to dry off
the fields, and Congress repealed the
law in August, 1919. woodrow Will
son, who had opposed repeal, told
Congress that the law had given "all
but universal satisfaction" and that
it had made possible large savings of
fuel.
During the present war, most Euro
pean countries have adopted day.
light saving, not only during the
summer months, but throughout the
year. Great Britain and unoccupied
France advanced their clocks an
additional hour last May, as a means
Of conserving more fuel and power.
AS wartime measure, the argu-
mentS for daylight saving are strong
and compelling The plan has an
other advantage In that the extra
hour Of daylight would provide fac
tory and Office workers with more
time for recreation out of doors, thus
promoting health and efficiency.
In all or parts of sixteen States,
daylight saving is in effect during
the summer months. The difference
in time creates a good deal of con-
fusion in radio programs and trans
portation schedules. With the in
auguration of daylight saving on a
Nationwide basis, this confusion
would be automatically eliminated.
Because of the need for conserving
fuel and electricity, Congress should
act promptly in passing national
daylight saving legislation.
Evening star., 1942-01-07
Member of the Associated Press
1t Must Be Done

It Is we'll that the President, in his
address to Congress on the state Of
the Union, made no attempt to
soften the harsh outlines Of the
shape of things to come. Ours Is a
hard future in which we have moth
ing to look forward to but work and
more work, sacrifice and greater
sacrifice. Truly it may be said that
for the duration of this war an old
way of living is dead.
The ease and the comforts that we
have known will be enveloped and
swept away in prodigious national
effort-the total war effort that must
20 into the production of 10000 and
then 125,000 planes, of a vast array
of tanks, of thousands upon thou
sands of guns, and of the ships
needed to carry these tools of war
to the four corners OF the globe. II
we propose to win this war, If we
intend to take the offensive-as we
must-and send American troops and
American warships to engage the
enemy wherever it is feasible to at
tack him, then these instruments of
war must be produced And they
will be- No American will finch be-
cause the task is hard, and none
need tremble at the consequences.
We will be fighting for victory in a
righteous war, and the deprivations
and the hardShips that go into such
an effort may we'll bring into in
dividual lives a deeper meaning-a
greater satisfaction-than it has
been possible to find in the enjoy
ment of the old luxuries that will
have to be given up.
With complete candor, the Presi-
dent told his listeners that we have
had to endure bitter defeats and
that we may expect others in the
future. Bluntly, he warned that I'VE
must face the fact of a hard war,
long war, bloody war, costly war"
That is stark sentence, yet it is the
truth, and this is time for frank
disclosures. Wars are not won by
concealing their grim side, and the
people of this country are capable
of facing the facts, however harsh.
To those who have been wonder
ing when the war will end, the
President gave the only possible
answer. 1T will end just as soon as
we make it end, by our combined ef-
forts, our combined strength, our
combined determination to fight
through and work through until the
end-the end of militarism in Ger
many and Italy and Japan
In other words, we are in this war
to the bitter end 1t can terminate
only in total victory or defeat, and
we are resolved to win. To that end
we will fight wherever we have to
fight. We will build every plane,
every tank, every gun and every ship
that is required to destroy the enemy
and we will build them with all pos
sible speed, cheerfully making what
ever sacrifice, enduring whatever
hardship that may be involved.
Let no man say it cannot be done.
It must be done"-and 1t will be
done.
Evening star., 1942-01-07
ALEXANDRIA,, Va.

Dear Sir:
I'm re several letters and paragraphs
lately about bluebirds:
AT Kensington, Md, two years or
more, q brood was brought of from The
Evening Star route box, which was on
. post at the driveway underneath a
large maple The short time the paper
was in the box did not seem to worry
the parents.
"On moving to q 4-acre tract in the
vicinity Of Baileys CROSSROADS, Va, I
picked up a discarded paper box and
nailed it halfway up my electric light
pole, and bluebirds have made nest in
1t every year since. There is young
willow grove and water nearby and
plenty of insects in season. The birds
have opportunity to show their colors
as they fit from electric wires to the
clothesline and apple tree in the yard
and the tall pole that supports the radio
aerial. Several times the latter part of
this summer I saw fly-catchers around
the box and entering It, This fall dozen
or more bluebirds could be seen daily
trio poles and wires.
my interest in birds began a half
century ago as a barefoot boy in West
Texas in a section heavily wooded with
mesquite trees (the worst place in the
world to go barefoot-so many thorns),
but it was a paradise for birds, rabbits,
rattlesnakes, prairie dogs, etc.
"I have been a reader of your columns
for a long time. Sometimes I have to
run for the bus, but usually manage to
have your writing so nicely PACED with
the editorials, questions and answers, and
special correspondence, in my bag. Thus
reading, the trip seems short. even in
traffic tie-ups.
Respectfully, R. V. M"
from our good correspondent and learn
how to utilize spare moments.
Those Of us who love to read-and who
doesn't?-often promise ourselves to take
firm hold of ourselves in this respect.
We are forever wasting precious time,
Wnlle lne presses pour OUT HoouS VI
books, magazines and papers which we
will never get around to. unless we hurry.
Hurry is part of the day and age.
And things are getting worse hourly.
If we want to read the half, or even
the tenth, of all the things We have
promised ourselves We are going TO read,
we will have to be about it.
=
Every person has many works, some Of
them great. which he has promised he
will read sometime.
That sometime" is long time COM
ing in many instances.
The writer here has been promising
himself that he would read Gibbon' s
Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire,
for at least 20 years.
Once we almost got through two chap
Evening star., 1942-01-07

@. From which poem Of Kipling's is tho
line, Where billow meets billow, there
soft be thy pillow. ah. weary wee fipper.
ling, curl at thy ease!"?-E. L. J.
A. 1t is from the Seals Lullaby"
@. Who planned the style Of architec-
ture that prevails in Pinehurst, N. c.?
&C. R. T.
A. Aymar Embury II, New Yorker
who maintains home In Pinehurst, is
credited with setting the architectural
style of the Pinehurst winter colony. The
village was Handicapped by Frederick
Law Olmsted, who also laid out the for
NAL gardens Of Biltmore Estate near
Asheville.
@. What are the best motion pictures
Of last years.. J.V
A. The 10 best motion pictures for
1941 selected by the Board Of Review Of
Motion Pictures are: Citizen Kane"
How Green Was My Valley" The Little
Foxes" The Stars Look Down." Dunn
bo" High Sierra" Here Comes Mr..
Jordan" Tom, Dick and Harry" Road
to Zanzibar" The Lady Eve"
O. Who introduced mulberry trees into
the United States?-G. x.
A. William Kendrick Q795-1872) IS
noted for his introduction of the null
berry tree and his attempts to establish
the silk industry in this country.
n p1eace o;ve Sor,a in pforp,o tion about
the education and military training Of
King George VI?-H. T. J.
A. After an early education by private
tutors, he went to Osborne and Dart
mouth naval schools, became a midship-
man on H. M. S. Collingwood in 1915, and
served in the World War. He took part
with the grand fleet in the Battle of Jut-
land In 1918, he joined the Royal Fly
ing Corps, becoming wing commander.
and subsequently left for years study
at Cambridge.
@. Why are there two doors on the
front of some of the old houses around
Hanover, Pa.?-H. S.
A. Many years ago in this Pennsyl-
Structed without dining room. When
one entered the front door, he was imme-
diately in the kitchen. Since this was
rather embarrassing and inconvenient at
certain times while preparing meals, etc.
when guests were calling, instead of TAX
ing them through the kitchen, one would
have them enter the second front door
which led them directly into the So
called "parlor."
c. What is the horiZon?-F. A. N.
A. The horizon is the apparent circle
around which the sky and earth seem to
meet. At sea this circle is well defined,
the line being called the sea horizon,
which divides the visible surface Of the
ocean from the sky.
Evening star., 1942-01-07

on their strength. Rest and recreation
periods of the year.
1t IS not safe for two teachers to be
alone in vacant school. We know that
schools have been broken into. Teachers
now are being exposed to the danger of
assault and robbery. Change of shifts
during the night and early morning
hours for any one, especially for women,
is dangerous. Many schools have lonely
approaches and many are in questionable
neighborhoods.
may be wrong, but think it is more
dignifled and becoming for a Commis-
sioner of the District to refrain from
beng sarcastic about such things.
PATRIOTIC.
TO the Editor Of The Star:
In view of the tremendous publicity
given during the past few weeks to
teachers of the local schools contributing
certain amount of overtime at the
buildings, feel that The Star will want
W dO JlISll(C W lllOSS VIII lCdlly lldtC
kept the buildings patrolled and avail
able during the emergency-the school
cuStodians.
In normal times, of course, it is the
duty Of these men to maintain the
schools. However, the recent emergency
overtime services they have performed
are no more their duty than that of
l,oI1
given far more time, both proportion
ately and actually.
During the school year the cuStodians
arrive earlier than the teachers and leave
later. They have only one-third as
much summer leave, only two days
Christmas and New Year leave-which
many did not get this year-instead of
about 10, and their salaries are far below
those of the teachers. There are slightly
less than one-fourth as many custodial
employees in the schools than teachers.
Despite this one-sided situation, in
many cases custodians have been as
signed to extra duties on a compulsory
basis or under such pressure that COM
pulsion might as well have been applied.
Ihe nOurS OF cuSIOOldnS are SUCH llidt
in many cases, particularly those OF
men in one-man schools, a severe hard
ship has been created. In other cases,
when teachers have expressed reluctance
to perform overtime watches at the
buildings, custodians have been called in
and put on extra watch duty in their
places, a most unfair procedure. AS
there are fewer custodians, their over
time is proportionately much greater.
1t must not be inferred from the fore
going that the men are unwilling to
serve. On the contrary, they have CO.
operated with alacrity.
1 write this not in my capacity as
secretary of the Custodial Employees As
sociation but as an individual who has
heard the same sentiments expressed by
many, both custodial employees and those
outside the service. Our men do not
hunt publicity, but In the interest OF
Justice to loyal body of employees l
believe credit should go to the faithful
guardians of the school children and
buildings-the school custodians. They
have borne the real burden and are
prepared to continue to do so.
FLOYD SWIGGETT, Jr.
Evening star., 1942-01-07
Huskin's Answers
To Questions
BIZ Frederic J. Hdskin.

A reader can get the ans,Dsr to any
question OF fact by ,orttinp The Eve-
ming Star Information Bureau, Fred
eric J. Hdskin, director, Washington,
d. C. Please inclose stamp for reply.
@. When did Winston Churchill refer
to the R. A. F. as master Of the day
light air?"-C. j. II.
A. In his speech broadcast on Feb
ruary 8. 1941, the Prime Minister said:
We have broken the back Of the win
ter. The daylight grows. The Royal
Air Force grows and Is already eer.
tainly master Of the daylight atr."
@. How much gasoline Is used BY auto
mobile owners?-G. H. H.
A. About % 600, 900 900 gallons Of gas
oline were used for motor fuel in 1910. -
@. Who wrote the British national an
them?-M K. r.
A. The British national hymn, God
Save the King" was composed In 1889 by
Henry Carey, who was partly indebted to
others for the words. He borrowed and
rewrote the air from the French. The
music has been adapted for the national
hymns Of other countries.
@. Is q reward offered for Wild or
passenger pigeons?-M. M. E.
A. There is no appropriation or reward
for wild or passenger pigeons. No such
reward has existed since 1914.
@. What is Hagia Sophia?-E. M. J.
A. Hagia Sophia (Holy Wisdom) is the
name of a former Christian church in
Constantinople, now a Mohammedan
mosque called by the Turks Aya Sofia
and by Europeans generally Santa
Sophia or St. Sophia which is q mis-.
translation Of the Greek original.
Evening star., 1942-01-07

When Miss Mary Meeker of New
York died recently it was said of her
that she was "a teacher of art in
the grade and Junior high schools of
the city for the past fifty years"
Probably she maintained her belief
in accuracy Of drawing and of color
and tone until the end. If so, she was
a public benefactor impossible to
praise too much.
Evening star., 1942-01-07
Letters to the Editor

Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address OF
the aCriter, although the use OF
a pSeudonynl for publication Is
permissible. The Star reSerUes
the right to edit all letters 1rith
q uie1O to condensation.
Evening star., 1942-01-07
Readers Differ In Their Views
Concerning Watching of Schools.

To the Editor OF The Star:
note in The Star that the suggestion
has been made to the civilian defense
authorities that their setup be modified
provide watch over smaller elementary
school buildings nightly from 4:30 pm. to
$50 am. The news item also stated
that such plan would be agreeable to
civilian defense headquarters
Permit me as zone warden to say
q few words on the subject.
Our entire organization is built upon
the voluntary system and many busy
men and women in our communitv have
given literally of their time and money
for this purpose We believe that our
first duty is to protect the lives Of our
neighbors and be prepared to put out
any fires the enemy may be able to start.
We did not go into the organization
for the purpose of becoming night
watchmen in vacant public buildings and,
this being voluntary organization, we
do not like the use of the word require" B"
We need no requiring" to do our duty,
but we do not conceive that night-watch-
Ing an empty public building is in the line
Of our duty. That obligation belongs
elsewhere.
Most of the wardens in my zone are
men holding responsible positions dur
ing the day, some being vitally connect
ed with defense work. and to expect them
or orv other mon urho ho1re their dol u,
tasks to perform to dissipate their en-
ergies by night watching empty public
buildings, indicates that some in high
places lack sufficient grasp of realities
to fit them for their posts.
Neither should we in the Capital City,
or elsewhere, turn our women school
teachers into night watchmen.
In case of an air raid, we shall need
every warden at his post of duty in the
neighborhood where he can perform the
functions for which he signed up"
Let us rid ourselves of hysteria and ap-
ply ourselves to the task ahead with the
same courage and devotion as those in
the armed services, at the same time
remembering that the air raid warden
has his daily chores to do and that there
Is limit to his time and strength-and,
shall we add, patience?
ZONE WARDEN.
To the Editor of The Star:
am not a school teacher, but wish
to voice my protest against the unjust
criticism by Commissioner j. Russell
Young. He does not consider the many
hours the teachers spend in the schools
after the pupils have been dismissed.
clerical work they are required to do,
attending teachers meetings, giving their
own time to individual pupils who need
special attention due to sickness or other
reasons.
Besides these constant demands, teach
ers have other reasons for spending many
extra hours at school. They must attend
teachers institute, PIT. A. meetings,
school plays, etc. The PIT. A. usually is
responsible for the social activities and
not the teachers, but that does not
mean an evening of enjoyment for the
teachers who have spent hours rehear-
sing and preparing the children. 1t is
hard work for them.
Whenever occasion arises the teachers
are among the first to offer their services,
but II their strength is taxed to the
breaking point now, they cannot do
justice either to the pupils or themselves.
They are human, and teaching Is tax
Evening star., 1942-01-07
UNCLE SANS ALMANAC,

UNCLE SANS ALMANAC,
1942-Its 48 pages present a store
house of practical, everyday
knowledge; a complete calendar
page for every month, hints for
homemakers, game law authori-
ties, taxes, religion, aviation,
sports and many new features.
Every member of the household
will find some use for this booklet
every day of the year. To secure
your copy inclose 10 cents in coin,
wrapped in this clipping, and mail
to The Star Information Bureau.
Name
Address
Evening star., 1942-01-07

A reader can get the dnstDer to any
question OF fact by ,Drttino The Epe-
ming Star Information Bureau, Fred
eric J. Haskin, director, Washington,
d. C. Please inclose stamp for reply.
Evening star., 1942-01-07

@. What is the horizon?-F A. N.
A. The horizon is the apparent circle
around which the sky and earth seem to
meet. At sea this circle is well defined,
the line being called the sea horizon,
which divides the visible surface Of the
ocean from the sky.
Evening star., 1942-01-07

@. How much gasoline Is used BY auto
mobile owners?-G. H. H.
A. About $4,000, ,oOo, 900 gallons Of gas
oline were used for motor fuel in 1910.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-08-13
Spies Contacts
Will Be Tried on
Treason Charge

WASHINGTON. Aus 10 GNS)
More than half of the y persons
held by the FBI as accompliceS of
the eight convicted Nazi Saboteurs
viii be tried for treason. Attorney
General Biddlc announced here
today
After a final conference with
President Roosevelt, Biddle i'm
mediately instructed United States
attorneys in Chicago, New York
and Brooklyn to seek grand jury
indictments against all -
Where evidence does not war
rant charges OF treason the gov
eminent will issue indictments for
violation of the trading with the
enemy act, the foreign agents act
.of 1917 and other most serious
charges" Biddle stated
Two others captured by the
.FBI as contacts for the SabOteurS
have been informed as enemy
aliens and will not be prosecuted
Evidence against both Mrs. Maria
kerling. wife of John Edward
Kerling. one of the six spies
electrocuted last week. and Err.
nest Herman Kerkof. Biddle said
is insufficient 10 warrant crimina
action.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-08-13
Dead as "a DOOrnaiI
Pre-War IsoIationism Out as Political Issue
Final Returns of Primaries Indicate
By international New, Service

The charge of prc-Pearl Harbor
isolationism appeared TO be a dead
political issue today on the basis
Of final returns from Tuesdays
primary elections in five states.
Only two representatives at
tackled for such records were de-
feated. Rep Martin l.. Sweeney
Cleveland Democrat in Ohio'S
primary, and Rep. Harry b. COT
fee, Democrat. in Nebraska.
In New York. the nations No, ]
target for anti-lSolationlst forces
Rep. Hamilton Fish was a more
than 10 / winner IN the Repub.
liCan primary IN the states
twenty-SiXth district.
Rep. William b. Barry CD, also
heavily attacked for his prevail
record, was an easy winner in the
second New York district while
Rep. Vito Marcantonio, assaileC
both as an iSolationiSt and Com
muniSt Sympathizer swept the Re
publican Democratic and AmeFf
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-08-13
Get Coal Now,
Public Warned
Pay for 1t After
Next October on
Special Storage Plan

Donald M. Nelson, War Produe
ton Chief, and Harold L. Iekes
Fuel Co-ordinator, both hav,
warned of the possibility of heat
less homes next winter, unless
consumers stock up now.
We, of the Detroit Coal Com
pany, are filling many bins now
while the supply of most grades
and sizes is still available. These
customers pay nothing until Octo'
ber-then take their choice Of
cash or 6 or 9 monthly payments
Phone today for complete infor.
nation. Townsend S--S503.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-08-13
Council Refuses Bid
For City Hall Cdnnons

The two cannonS. commemorate
ing the Battle of Lake Erie. al
the city halls Woodward avenue
entrance, and discarded street car
rails could well be used in the
war effort, Hall {. Hancock OF
1907 Seminole avenue. suggested
today TO common council.
The council referred Hancock S
suggestion on idle rails to the
DSR, but refused to part with the
erStwhile artillery.