davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-08-19

Pvt John SieperanSki OF 1864
Barclay avenue. Dearborn a grad
Iate of FordSon High School, has
been promoted 10 be a sergeant At
Fort Crook, Neb. He is an cleo
-ricIAn
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-08-19

Sgt. Cyrus s. Picken of 1ls East
Euclid avenue. attached 10 q para
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-08-19

William Yamin of 1922 Canton
avenue has graduated from an
army school in Panama. lie now
IS promoted to be a technician.
fourth class. His brother, Joseph
H., recently won medal for
shooting at Camp Robinson, Ark.
Joseph o. Schell Jr. of 2016
Celia avenue has been transferred
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-08-19

Pfc Edward J. Wojcik of 567l
Tarnow avenue who enlisted In
January. now is corporal at
Gulfport Field Tex.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-08-19

Second Tt. Gordon G. Wilson,
ia Parker avenue, "A former stu
dent at Eastern High School. now
is stationed in the army air force
at Lawson Field, Ga.
Second 1t. William J. Wehrly,
2l516 Pennington road, Farming
ton. has assumed new duties as
assistant housing officer at Gulf
port Field, La.
Prepared 10 take up executive
duties In the army air force is
Mai Clifford 3. Gould. 1881 Buck
ingham Place, Birmingham. who
recently was graduated al the
technical training school, Miami,
Fla
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-08-19

CONTINUED on Page 2s)
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-08-19

1t Robert Beuhler Of $50 Hun
Evening star., 1942-03-17

that we come down to earth, try to
picture the war as 1t will be fought
in the future?"
Indicates Long Struggle.
The defeat in the Java Sea was
due to lack of an air scouting force
and protecting fighter planes and
probably also to lack of co-ordina-
ton between British, Dutch and
American naval commanders. 1t
takes time to work out joint tactics,
even when the same language is
spoken. When there is a third
factor of language and differing
signals, it Is not surprising that the
Allied Navy ran into submarine
nests and did not succeed in keep
ing its combined power intact.
The disposition here among naval
men is to regard the battle as a
disappointment, but one which in
the end may not prove as valuable
to the Japanese as first reports
might indicate. 1t does mean, how
ever, that the United States Navy
faces a long, tedious struggle in
the Pacific-the same struggle which
Britain has been facing due to lack
of leadership on preparedness and
inadequate forces.
Reproduction Rights Reservedl
Evening star., 1942-03-17
This Changing World
U. S. Is Trying to Persuade Lotin America
To Release Merchant Ships TO This Country

building nine destroyers In her
navy yards sine. 1910 and some
of these are now ready to be
commissioned. Although this
force is small in terms Of naval
power, 1t could be OF consider
able use in conveying trans
ports.
Reluctant to Risk Ships.
It is true that Brazil has not
declared war on the Axis. but In
view o. attacks on her shipping,
official quarters believe she would
be justified in using her navy to
protect Brazilian property. We
did so after the lease-lend bill
was passed and while we still
retained diplomatic relations with
the Axis. Colombia, Peru and
Uruguay have some small units
which could be used to protect
Pan-American trade If they CO.
operated with vessels OF the
United Nations in the South At
lantic and Pacific waters.
There Is reluctance on the part
of these nations to use their few
warships for fear they would be
lost and would not be replaced
by this country, which at present
needs every ship that leaves the
ways. Furthermore, in many
diplomatic quarters it is believed
that while these governments are
100 per cent for hemisphere CO.
operation, there are still impor-
tant elements in each which
oppose further collaboration un-
til the United Nations military
situation is clarified.
German propaganda is still in
full swing throughout South and
Central America in spite of the
efforts of the governments to
suppress 1t. 1t is particularly
strong in certain military circles.
High-ranking officers are still
impressed with Axis naval and
military victories and the unsuc-
cessful efforts of the United
Nations to stem the Japs and the
Nazis. The only country from
Evening star., 1942-03-17
BY CONSTANTINE BROWN.

American diplomacy. which
henceforth can do little in
Europe, is now being applied to
convince our sister republics to
the south that we must collab-
crate much more closely than In
thA past. That Is to say, sever
ing diplomatic relations with
the Axis and concentrating ex-
clusively on hemisphere trade
reD.tions Is not sufficient. The
Axis peril to the republics south
of the Rio Gcande is as great as
it is 10 the United States and
Canada.
A good deal of Pan-American
flag waving is going on. The
United States Government is
being very liberal with lease
lend funds and other kinds of
loans. For their part the Latin
American republics are concen-
trating on producing for the
the United States-at a reason
able price-the raw materials
we need so badly.
Evening star., 1942-03-17

which reports come Of success
against the Axis is the u. S. S. R,
and that country is no more pop
lar with the citizens of South
American republics, who are de-
vout Catholics, than the Nazis
and Fascists.
American diplomats are now
making earnest efforts to induce
the Latin American governments
to release to this country the
merchantmen they are holding in
their harbors. While they do
not exceed 1000 900 tons, the use
of these ships. in the face of our
present transportation difficult
ties, would be like mama from
heaven.
Evening star., 1942-03-17


today and pay tomorrow" policy OF
the New Deal, with few people
either in Congress or the country
| seeming to listen.
But suddenly there has occurred a
great change, first signalized by the
popular unrising against the con-
gressional pension grab. Waging
single-handed opposition to this
proposal, after it had passed the
House by unanimous consent, Sen
ator Byrd mustered only "a Senate
votes against it. So loud was the
roar of rage from the country, how
ever, that the pension was repealed
a few weeks later by nearly unant-
nous vote of both houses.
Since then Senator Bryd's philos-
ophies have been taking hold in
many directions. His persistent op-
position to boondoggling in wartime
was reflected in the congressional
and popular crusade which forced
wholesale reorganization of the Of
fice OF Civilian Defense.
The latest move in this line, di-
vesting the o. c. D. of its whole
physical fitness branch, headed by
Philadelphia's aspiring Democratic
political boss, Jack Kelly, was in
direct response to Senator Byrd's
demand.
Farm Bill Funds Slashed.
For the first time since the New
Deal was instituted, the House last
week sharply reduced. rather than
increased, an agricultural appro-
priation bill. There are marked
signs that Senator Byrd's often
reiterated assertions that every ves-
tige of war excess profits for either
labor or management should be
eliminated, and that, strikes should
be prohibited and the 4O-hour work
week limitation repealed, are about
to bear fruit.
The Civilian Conservation Corps
and the National Youth Admins
tration, two New Deal hangovers
that Senator Byrd has branded
utterly inconsistent with a1-out war
effort, are, to say the least, In grave
danger Of annihilatien.
Members of Congress, with their
eyes focused on the impending cleo
tions, have discovered that the
sentiments expressed in a rising
tide OF letters from the home voters,
more and more reflect the view
points of Senator Byrd, and In con-
sequence they are looking to him for
their political clues.
This situation Is the more re-
markable because, since he upset
congressional pensions, there Is no
one whom Congress members like
less to follow.
There Is a degree Of parallel be-
tween the careers Of Senator Byrd
and President Roosevelt. Both
Evening star., 1942-03-17
Senator Byrd Wins Acclaim
Virsinon Takes important Role in Government
After Nine -Yeor Fight on New Deal Spending

well-to-do country squires, they 81
multaneously were Governors of
their States. Alike claiming the
title of liberal they were close
friends and collaborators in those
days. Senator Byrd threw the
Virginia delegation to Mr.. Roose-
yelt in the national convention Of
1882 and served as chairman of the
Democratic National Finance Com
mittee in the succeeding campaign.
A collateral reason for appoint
ment of the late Claude Swanson
as Secretary of the Navy was said
at the time to be Mr.. Roosevelt's
desire to open a Senate seat for
Mr.. Byrd. The latter was appointed
Senator by Gov. Pollard of Virginia
previous to Mr.. Roosevelt's inaugu-
ration in order that the two might
take office together on March 4,
1898.
President Roosevelt's first move
as President-the economy bill de-
signed to carry out his platform
pledge to reduce Federal expenses
Is per cent-was right up Senator
Byrds alley, but almost immediate
ly thereafter his and the Presi-
dents viewpoints began to diverge.
Balks at New Deal Moves.
Senator Byrd's liberalism, based
on such shibboleths as individual
liberty and initiative, State rights
and free trade, baked first at the
attempt to lift farm prices by cur
rency juggling. He was even more
shocked by the monopoly y-creating
possibilities Of the N. r. A., as af-
Testing both industrial initiative and
labor.
He protested violently when Pres
ident Roosevelt threw overheard the
economy program. with which he
had begun. and substituted the plan
OF direct Federal cash benefits for
needy citizens. all and sundry. He
was against the whole idea that the
Nation could borrow and spend its
way back TO prosperity.
Senator Byrd has been PLAYING
continuously on these keys ever
since. but with one notable excep-
ton to his economy demand. He
has consistently favored the maxi
mum of appropriation for national
defense. coupled with the assertion
that this s,sould be provided as far
as possible by doing away with
peacetime non-essentials. Also, he
has stressed that something more
than spending was required.
At the time lease-lend was be-
fore the Senate, he declared that
this alone would not do the Job, that
1t must. be supplemented by heavier
and heavier taxes. and end of busi-
ne.> as usual for all industry and
longer working hours, without
strikes, for labor.
itary preparedness by working 40
hours q week." he said. France
worked 40 hours and Germany
worked as much as 80 hours. The
result was that France was over
whelmed. In face Of the fall of
France, three months later, we re-
duced our work week from a to
40 hours"
In the fall of 1910 Senator Byrd
produced facts and figures to show
that American airplane. tank and
gun production was far behind
schedule, only to have his state
ment denied successfully by
spokesman for the National De-
fense Council. Secretary of the Navy
Knox and President Roosevelt. Four
months later-after election-the
statements Senator Byrd had made
Evening star., 1942-03-17

to run for the House Of Represent
atives and the third TO run for
Congress from Florida. Mrs. Ruth
Bryan Owen once was member of
the House. and Mrs. Hortense Wells
once unsuccessfully sought election
to the Senate.
Mrs. West seeks the House seat
which now is held by Representa-
tive Green, who is a candidate this
year from the State at large.
Evening star., 1942-03-17

The presence Of Axis subma-
rines and the dearth of COM
mercial shipping may make these
deliveries more difficult In months
to come. 1t is well known that
one of the greatest handicaps to
the United Nations war effort is
the lack Of shipping. Although
shipyards are working overtime.
production Is not sufficient to
make up for losses We are suffer-
ing at the hands of Axis raiders.
Should Do Their Share.
In most of the maritime re-
publics in South America a sub
stantial number of Axis and ma
tional ships are being kept in
port. 1t is natural, In view of
the experience of Brazil. which
has lost heavily considering the
size of its merchant marine, that
these republics would be afraid
Of risking their merchantmen in
the Atlantic. But war cannot be
fought without risks, and If the
Latin American governments are
really bent on full cooperation
they must share the risks which
we are taking as belligerents.
Argentina, which has not yet
broken of with the Axis, has the
best feet in South America. But
the other countries which have
thrown in their lot with us have
naval units which could help
convoy ships. They are still re-
luctant to use them in this way,
however. Brazil, for instance.
has two battleships which have
been modernized and are capable
Of "a knots. Brazil also has two
modernized cruisers capable of
about "A knots. She has been
Evening star., 1942-03-17

began. and yet
1t strikes me as
being one Of his
most important
utterances, for
1t Is o tacit ad-
mission tn a t
things are going
badly for the
Fatherland.
The uncon-
querable Hitler
finally has had
to come before
his people and
Evening star., 1942-03-17
British Prisoners Token
In Libyo, ItoIy Claims
BS the Associated Press.

% TIT AbboclhLto PreSs.
ROME (from italian broadcastS), 4,
March 1.-THE italian high COM
mand asserted today that British
prisoners were captured and equip
ment was destroyed in clashes In
the. Libyan desert southeast Of FL
Mechili.
It's war report acknowledged Brit
ish air attacks on Augusta, Sicily.
and on Bengas., and declared three
American-built r. A. p. planes were
shot down In aerial combat.
Evening star., 1942-03-17
BY GOULD LINCOLN.

BY GOULD LINCOLN.
For six years the Republicans
tried TO make major issue out
of economy In Government ex-
penditures-and got nowhere. In
the elections of 1884, 1895, 1898
and 1910 they brought up the
matter, in, various forms-includ-
ing huge expenditures for relief
and farm subsidies, and for the
creation Of a great bureaucracy.
They have not given up. They
believe that now the time is ripe
for an assault on the New Deal
administration and the Demo-
Gratis generally on the ground
that money has been and Is
being wastefully expended.
They have watched with in
terest the reaction of the public
to expenditures of today which
were not directly connected with
the war effort. They have seen
IN recent weeks the attack on
Congress itself for passing legis-
lation to give members of Con-
gress retirement system-not
in itself excessively expensive.
They have seen the expenditures
for the voluntary participation
division of the o. C. D. de-
lounced as ''boondoggling," where
dancers and movie actors have
been employed. They believe
that the taxpayers-who are pay
ing as never before-will have
their knives out for candidates
who support such expenditures.
1t is entirely true that the
assault on Government spending
has not come entirely from the
Republicans. For years the So
called conservative Democrats in
Congress and out, including Sen
ator Byrd of Virginia. Senator
TydingS OF Maryland, Represen-
tative Cox of Georgia and Rep
resentative Woodrun of Virginia,
and many others, have repeatedly
warned the administration that
a continuance of heavy expendi-
lures and recurring deficits would
ruin the country. The majority
of the voters, however, did not
take much stock In these warm
ings, whether they came from
the Republicans or from Demo-
Gratis not In sympathy with the
administrators spending policy.
They were, very many of them,
on the receiving end of these
expenditures.
Balk Mt Non-War Expense.
Before this country ever got
into the war, or the very heavy
program for national defense,
the public debt had been tre-
mendously expanded-to nearly
$45, 900, 900, ,000-through Govern
ment expenditures in excess of
Government receipts from taxes
and customs duties. And now
the war program has been super
imposed, with the prospect Of
spending about s150,00o 900 900
in the next year or two for the
war, and perhaps more.
Today the people have Just
made their first payments Of
the income taxes levied on 1e4I
income. Millions of them who
never paid such a tax before
were compelled to make returns
and payments yesterday. And
millions who had paid in the
past have found their taxes
greatly increased. There is no
indication that the people, willing
to do their utmost to win the
war, have not met these taxes
with spirit of patriotism and
sacrifice. Indeed, they have so
paid these taxes. On the other
hand, these taxpayers, willing to
Evening star., 1942-03-17
Florida Women Enters
Race for House Seut
By the Associated Press

By the Associated Press.
TALLAHASSEE. Fla, March IT,
Mrs. Helen Hunt West, Jacksonville
attorney and former newspaper
woman, qualified yesterday as a
candidate for Representative in Con-
gress from the second district.
She Is the second woman ever
Evening star., 1942-03-17
The Political Mill
Both Parties in Congress Woteh Voters Closely
To Gouee Strength of Economy Movement

pour out their dollars for the
war. are not willing to pay them
out for projects having nothing to
do with war-not any longer, II
1t can be avoided. II Is for that
reason that the economy bloc In
Congress has been able to make
some headway at last--with cuts
of appropriations. recommended
by the administration, even in
the agricultural appropriation
BILL which has grown in size tre-
mendously as the years have
passed.
How much political capital can
be made out of nJge Government
expenditures in the coming con-
gressional campaign remains still
matter of doubt. 1t is clear,
however, that members Of Con-
gress in both parties are keeping
their ears very close TO the
ground, seeking to learn which
way the wind is blowing, and
how strongly.
In the past, heavy Govern
ment spending has aided, rather
than hindered. the party in power
in carrying elections. The mil
lions of voters who benefited one
way or another from this spend
ing have gone to the polls and
registered their approval.
Today, billions of dollars are
being poured out-not for relief
for the unemployed or for in
creased subsidies for the farmers
or for peacetime public works, but
for war. The country approves
such expenditures. Also the coun-
try's business iS,being changed as
fast as possible frem that of
peacetime production to- war
time production. And that the
country approves. Millions of
jobs are being created in this
wartime production-despite the
fact that temporarily, at least,
hundreds of thousands of work.
ers engaged in peacetime produc-
ton are losing their employment.
Under such conditions, 1t still
remains q moot question-and
very much a moot question
whether Government. spending
can be successfully made a major
point Of attack on the party in
power. Especially may such an
attack fail If the administration
itself takes lead in curtailing
non-essential expenditures by the
Government - non-essential for
war purposes.
Public Watchful.
There Is no gainsaying the fact,
however, that the spending Of
Government funds for whatever
purpose will be more closely scru-
tinized than at any time during
the last nine years. The slaps at
Congress and the o. C. D. by the
general public are indicative Of
that. .-as
The New Dealers are wonder.
ing just now how they are likely
to fare in the coming elections.
The recent attacks on Democratic
National Chairman Edward J.
Flynn, because of the use of New
York City-owner cobblestones and 2
city employees to improve his
estate on Long Island, is creating
unrest. IN national committee
circles, however, confidence is ex-
pressed that Mr.. Flynn, when he =
returns from Florida some time
this week, will blow these charges
out Of the water. The belief Is
expressed that it will. be found
that this work was done when
Mr.. Flynn was in the West, and
that when he returned to New
York and learned about it, COM
plete payment was made. It is.
obvious, however, that this mat
ter will have to be successfully
cleared up or Mr.. Flynn's useful
ness to the party will have turned
into a liability.
Evening star., 1942-03-17

tax proposal.
that has pro-
jected Senator
Byrd, Democrat,
of Virginia into
the very fore
front Of the
American gov
ernmental pic
ture.
For nine years
Senator Byrd
has been crying
out against the
"eaSy money
Evening star., 1942-03-17

The one on the
Java Sea was an
e n g age m e n t
with all t h e
I ore knowledge
t at { h r e e
months of war
brings.
To eValu u ate
the defeat in
hicted on Amer
ican, British and
Dutch av a |
vessels is inpor-
tant not because
Evening star., 1942-03-17
Oxygen Masks Donated

British hospitals are being equipped
with masks enabling oxygen to be
quickly administered in cases of
shock and burns. nearly 5000 of the
masks having been donated by the
American Red Cross.
Evening star., 1942-03-17

were fully confirmed and the war
production setup reorganized in con-
sequence.
(Released By North American Newspaper
Alliance. Inc)
Evening star., 1942-03-17
By JAY G. HAYDEN.

1t may be the arrival Of 100000
new payers in the income tax fold.
cotncid4nt with American military
setbacks and another whooping big
Evening star., 1942-03-17

HE opinions OF the soriters this their not
necessarily The Stars Such opinions presented The
Stars effort gue all sides OF questions OF interest
readers although such opinions may be contradictory among
themselves and directly opposed to The Stars
Evening star., 1942-03-17
Hitler Down
But Not Out,
Allies Told
Time Held Ripe
For Attempting
Knockout Blow
By DEWITT MACKFNZrE.

Herr Hitler's Memorial Day speech
in Berlin Sunday has received less
attention In this country than any
other he has delivered since the war
Evening star., 1942-03-17
java Defeat
Hints Long
Pacific War
Might Not Prove
Especially Valuable
To Jops, However
By DAVID LAWRENCE.

The American people are now
face to face with their second major
defeat. The one at Pearl Harbor
was attributed te surprise tactics.
Evening star., 1942-03-17
War in Retrospect

BY the Associated Press.
One Year Ago Today.
British announce recapture OF
Berbera, seaport capital of
British Somaliland.
Two Years Ago Today.
Hitler, Mussolini leave their
capitals for meeting In Brenner
Pass.
Twenty-Five Years Ago Today.
French gain along l3-mile
line on western front. -
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-05-20
Farmers Market

APPLEs-Northern spies. fancy, 81 81
% bu.: No. /, Sis o 225; No 2 Rl0
las: steeles Red. FANCY 50 bu; No. =
soRREL-No. 1. soa soc bu.
sPINACH-No. 1. 500 Goo hu
MUSTARD-No. 1, so 1T5c bu.
ASPARAGUS - Fancy. sl.2511.35 doz
punches: No. 1. 75cg 81 No. ?. SOC
REETS-No. 1, $50 e0c bu.
cARRoTs-No. i. S1.5Oals5 bu.; No
CURLY PARsLEY-No. 1. soc don. bch
CHIvEs-No. /. 75a s5c ooz.
HoRsERAplsH-No. 1. s2025o bu
LEAF LETTucE-Hot house No. i
81 lob. basket.
LEEKs-No. /. 75casl dor bchs.
ONloNs-No. 2. 81 rs. Green, No. 1
so a SOC doz bchs.
PARsNIPs-No l, si.SOg2 bu; No. 2
use 8S1
PoTAToEs-No. /. 25aI.35 bb; No
y, 75n9Oc.
Outdoor. fancy. 81. bu.
no. /, s1.25a175.
RHUBARB- Outdoor. - ~ CSC dor bchs.
RUTABAGAS-No. l. 75c GSi.lU bu.
, TURNIPS--No. l. so II Use bu
VEGETABLE oYsTERs-No. !. 500 75'
doz. punches
PoULTRY-Live hens, heavy breeds, n
q csc H., leghorns 2iu23c; broiiers
heavy, 27d29c To-. leEhorn. 25d27c.
EGGs-Lsrge, siOQ 1850 30-doE. case
medium. seQe5 60
PLANTs--Pansies yiai@ f5.box nat;
Saliva. Si.25 nat: Geraniums S3Q3,50 ~.
pot ma, miscellaneous he.ers. 81 nat;
vegetables, T5c nat.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-05-20
Output Unity
Ford-BuiIt Bombers Get
Buick Engines

As an example OF the close CO.
operation in the war effort by
major automobile producers, who
previously thrived on keen com.
petition, il was announced today
that Ford-built bombers from the
Willow Run plant will be powered
with Buick aircraft engines.
The announcement, approved by
the war department. came from
Officials Of the two companies
The spokesman agreed that the
Unprecedented collaboration OF the
two production powers was
effected 10 attain the supreme
objective OF defeating Hitler.
Already Buick is a year ahead
OF schedule on their shipments OF
aircraft engines 10 various plane
manufacturers. officials said. The
motors are OF the Pratt-Whitney
type. built under license by Buick.