davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-08-07
For Velour
Inscription Of the victt

unscription Of the Victoria oross)
read these words upon the simple
cross
That Britons prize abope the rayest
gem,
And feel that all OF sacrifice and loss,
And all OF pictory are held In them.
T,oo 0ords-there is no need for any
more;
They tell US all the tainttng heart
Mould ktoD.
That courage hDes In spits OF hats
and par;
That faith surptues the tury OF tho
foe.
And somehow I believe the gracious
Queen
Who gaze the honor to a chosen
te1o
Would look today Upon nor bravs
demesne,
Where high and iow haze found
their task to do,
And, kno,oing what they face of fys
and st0ord,
Would cite all England for the high
aUdydl
ALICE BoORAlAN WILLIAMSON.
Evening star., 1942-08-07
War Bond Sales

The Treasury has good reason for
qualification over the July sales of
War bonds. According to figures
made public by Secretary Morgen-
thau, these amounted to 5000, 900, 900,
monthly total exceeded only by the
81 ,060, ,546,000 recorded in January.
Sales in July exceeded those for the
preceding month by more than $3.50,
600 900, an increase due in large part
to the extension of the payroll saw
ings plan. BY the end OF July 49,
100000 of the Nations workers were
participating in this plan, 100000
more than in June.
Particularly gratifying was the
sharp rise in the sale of Series E, and
bonds of the smaller denominations.
This indicates that American work.
ers, In increasing numbers, are in
vesting part OF their earnings in War
bonds. BY so investing, they are re-
ducing the purchasing power COM
peting for the dwindling supply of
available consumer goods, and thus
doing their bit to save the country
from the destructive effects of a
price imitation.
Further evidence that American
workers are stepping up their savings
will be found in recent survey of
expenditures Of city families made
by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
This study showed that savings, dur
ing the first three months of 1912,
were about 70 per cent higher than
during the corresponding period last
year, and that the general increase
in savings represented approx
mately two thirds of the gain in total
consumer income. A large part Of
these new savings, the bureau re-
ported, have been invested In War
bonds and stamps
Sale of $4,000 ,O00, 900 in War bonds
has been set by the Treasury as its
objective for the current fiscal year.
Though the July figures are encour-
aging, they justify neither compla-
cency, nor undue optimism. If the
goal is to be reached, the American
people must invest an even larger
proportion of their earnings in War
bonds.
Evening star., 1942-08-07
Veto MESSAGE

The Presidents veto of the incon-
gruous independent rubber agency
bill, together with his appointment of
a highly competent committee to in
vestigate and report on the facts of
the rubber situation, are steps cal
culated to bring order out Of a state
of affairs which has gone steadily
from bad to worse.
In the form passed by Congress
with only a small minority OF the
members voting - the rubber bill
would have reduced the conduct of
the war production program to con-
dition little short Of chaotic AS
pointed out by the President, the in
dependent agency which would have
been established under the bill was
directed by Congress to provide rub
Der for military and civilian uses
for pleasure driving and Joy riding.
And to accomplish this, Congress en-
powered the independent agency to
draw on the Nations sharply limited
supply Of critical materials - steel,
copper and brass-so that civilians
might have tires for their automo-
biles, regardless Of whether their
driving had any relation to the war
effort. In effect, the legislation
rested on the preposterous premise
that 1t is more important to perpetu-
ate weekend driving than to insure
the production of planes, tanks and
shells. 1t was on this ground that
the President refused to sign it, cor
rectly asserting that for him to lend
his approval to the bill would be ito
fly In the face of the realities of the
present grave military situation
which threatens all the world and
civilization itself"
While taking this firm position
against the bill, however, the Presi-
dent wisely conceded that the pres
ent rubber program might not be the
best, and acknowledged that the mass
of conflicting statements as to the
0'oAnS1Aiey Va AuObCly CuldlldtlllS
from governmental as we'll as private
sources, had reduced the people to a
state Of hopeless confusion. In order
to rectify this obviously undesirable
condition, the President set up the
investigating committee, consisting
OF Bernard NJ Baruch, chairman; DR..
James B. Conant, president of Har-
ward University, and DR.. Karl T.
Compton, president of the Massachu-
setts Institute of Technology.
Their principal duties will be
to determine which of the many
processes for making synthetic rub
Der, having regard for all of the fac
tors involved, affords greatest prom
ise and to place before the people
picture of the rubber problem which
Is based on fact and not on fancy.
This, obviously, will be a difficult
task. But the President has chosen
able men for the job-men in whom
the public can have full confidence
and there Is reason to hope that
their report will put at rest once and
for all the incredible and unneces-
sary conflict which has grown up
around this question of the Nation S
rubber supply.
Evening star., 1942-08-07
Rails Taken Over

Protests by Virginia communities
at the action Of the War Production
Board in ordering twenty-six miles of
the Danville and Western Railroad
torn up at once so the rails can be
used for trackage elsewhere directs
attention to an unusual wartime de-
velopment that has received but little
notice. In nearly a dozen instances
now, the WPB has requisitioned
trackage for relocation at the site of
war activities, approximately 500
miles of rail having been obtained
for needs that could not be met
otherwise. That this program is just
beginning was emphasized by the
board in response to a query from
Senator Wiley of Wisconsin as to the
circumstances surrounding the TAX
ing over of flfty-seven- mile stretch
of the Illinois Central in Illinois and
Wisconsin.
Thus far, the board, which is act
Ing under the Presidents war powers,
has taken possession OF track steel
only in those cases where railroads
have applied to the Interstate Com
merce Commission for permission to
abandon routes because of insufn-
cient revenue. In the letter to Sena-
tor Wiley, however, the board said
that Nation wide study is being
made to determine where transporta-
ton conditions will allow tracks to
be taken up. and that hundreds" OF
lines eventually are expected to be
affected. as the shortage Of rail Is
critical.
In the Danville and Western case
the rail users protested because they
had been promised service unit
August 81, and had made plans &C.
eordingly. The WPB presumably fell
Evening star., 1942-08-07
THIS AND THAT
Bu Charles /. TYdcetDel.

The dangers OF this are very plain
II one should decide upon the plan, all
children and pet animals should be ban
ished, and the fluid poured on through
sprinkling can.
Every precaution should be used to
prevent trouble.
Probably few persons will use this
method owing to the gasoline restric-
tions until after the war, and not many
then, since 1t is not particularly good
method
A far better plan is to crowd out crab
grass and other unwanted grasses and
weeks by putting in good grass seed.
So far we have heard of no priority on
grass seed,
It will remain an amazing fact to all
persons interested In good grass how few
homeowners seem TO understand the
necessity for reseeding fairly good
lawn.
1t is true that one may have a passable
lawn by doing nothing more to 1t than
watering 1t and cutting it,
A little seed now and then, put in pref
erably in the fall, will make better
lawn.
t+*
1t may seem heretical to say 1t, but
crab grass Is not bad grass.
When 1t is growing well its blades are
thick and very green. They make an
excellent sward. The trouble with it is
that 1t kills out better grasses and dies
out in the fall and winter, leaving ugly,
bare patches
Seeds of the pest are still there in the
bare patches.
That is why the crab grass comes up
again in the spring.
Every lawn Is full of many weeds. Even
flowers grow In them, such as buttercups
and dandelions and little blue blossoms.
At times lawns show tiny white flowers
with yellow centers and sometimes pink
flowers OF very small size.
Only an expert botanist can tell them
all. White clover blossoms star many
lawns. Some gardeners like them, others
do not. There can be little question that
white clover Is good for the soil 1t is a
famous nitrogen bearer which is good for
any soil
II 1t is impossible to get perfectly
uniform lawn. perhaps the next best
thing is to get one of varied textures and
colors, so that the resulting blend is at
| least interesting.
In such a complex outdoor carpet the
| crab grass has its place.
AS our correspondent suggests, 1T is a
beautiful green and has saved many a
| lawn from looking really bad in hot
| weather.
With many cares besetting them,
people today are not worrying so much
about the problems of good lawn They
should admire such lawn as they have
and try to see the good points In it,
Evening star., 1942-08-07
NuthunueI Greene

The two hundredth anniversary OF
the start of his career perhaps may
be as congenial an occasion as any
to suggest that General Nathaniel
Greene should be better known to his
countrymen of the present genera
ton. A native Of Rhode Island and
a member of a family which had
experienced persecution for its reli-
gious beliefs, he was born August 7,
1742; received his academic education
under the direction of Ezra Stiles,
later president of Yale, and was
trained in the iron founders trade
by his own father. A stiff knee handi-
capped him at the beginning of his
soldering, but he was accepted as a
private in the Kentish Guards in the
autumn of 1774 and took such an
active interest in the recruiting of
troops during the spring of ITS that
the Colonial Assembly put him in
charge of three regiments. Thus 1t
happened that he was a brigadier
general in the Continental Army by
the time the Revolutionary War
actually commenced.
No officer OF his period saw more
of the struggle. He took part in the
siege Of Boston and was responsible
for the defense of New York, COM
manded Fort Constitution in New
Jersey, led the left column at the
Battle of Trenton and had a similar
obligation at the Battle of German
town, was at Valley Forge in the
winter of 1777-8, and reluctantly
accepted appointment as quarter
master general and "refurnished"
the rank and file under Washington
for the final phases of the conflict.
He led the right at the Battle Of
Monmouth and had the same posi-
ton at the Battle of Rhode Island.
Political troubles prompted his re-
fusal to continue his efforts to man.
age supplies, but his standing with
his commander In chief may be
| judged from the fact that he was
left in supreme control of the Con-
tinental Army when Washington
went to Hartford to confer with
Rochambeau. He succeeded Benedict
Arnold at West Point and Horatio
Gates in North Carolina.
The explanation of the fine
achievement chronicled to Greene S
credit during the last campaign of
the war may be found in the care
with which he projected it. At
Philadelphia and later at Richmond
he literally created the machinery OF
victory. His principal associates in
the final drive were Francis Marion
Thomas Sumter, Andrew Pickens
Daniel Morgan Ohio Williams and
Henry Lee-"brilliant but independ-
ent men" who responded with en-
thusiasm to his example of patriotism
and ardor. The work which he did
in the South is a fascinating story
which would require considerable
space for proper telling, Suffice II
here to say that it ended in triumph
with the surrender OF the British al
Charleston, December IA, 1882.
Greene died at his home in Georgia
June 10, 1876. His ashes rest under
a monument In johnson Square
Savannah. People passing the spo1
today should salute him as one Of thl
Evening star., 1942-08-07
Death for Treason

For the first time in nearly CEN
tury and half an American citizen,
convicted of the crime of treason,
has been sentenced to death by a
Federal Judge.
1t is a sentence which has been
received by the public with mingled
emotions. To some it has come as a
shock. But full understanding of
the nature of Max Stephan's offense
hardly permits Of the conclusion that
his execution would be a miscarriage
Of justice.
A naturalized citizen of German
blood, this Detroit restaurant oper-
ator tried to facilitate the return to
Germany of Nazi aviator who had
escaped from Canadian prison
camp. After the verdict had been
returned Stephan admitted his guilt.
While his case was pending he as
serted that he was not sorry for
what he had done and that he would
do 1t again If opportunity arose. "Vic-
tory will be sure" he boasted. Ger
many will not let me hang"
So much for Max Stephan. I'm
questionably, he is a traitor to his
adopted country. He would bring
about its defeat in war if it lay with
in his power to do so. It may be said
that there was not much that he
could do to influence the outcome of
the war, and that probably is true.
But there are others like him, hum
dreds, perhaps thousands of them.
In the aggregate they might work a
considerable injury to this country.
Only the knowledge that they will
pay the supreme penalty for their
crimes can be expected to deter them.
This, then, Is the principal reason
for the execution of Stephan. II he
Is hanged. that fact will stand as a
warning and possibly as deterrent
to other traitors. The prospect is
not a pleasant one, but war is not a
pleasant business. AS the trial Judge
said In imposing sentence: I'VE have
been soft to the extent of being
mushy" That Is the truth, and there
should be an end to It,
Evening star., 1942-08-07
huskin's Answers
To Questions
BIZ Frederic J. Hdsktn

reader can get the answer to any
ming Star Information Bureau, Fred
eric J. Hdskin, director, Washington,
d. c. Please tnclose stamp for return
postage.
@. Is 1t the male or female cicada
that produces the shrill noise7-R r. N.
A. The male emits the sound the fe-
male has no voice. Tests show that the
mate can hear call at least . mile
away and has special ears for receiving It.
@. Who holds the worlds record for
number of chess boards played simul-
taneously2-E. F. w.
A. In 1e4l, Gideon stAhlberg Of sve-
den broke the worlds record when he
played 400 separate games during %
hours minutes. He won 3e4, lost "a and
IA were a draw.
@. Who was the frst United states
naval officer TO become an admtral7-
NJ RE
A. David Glasgow FarrAgut was the
first naval oficer to become An admiral.
He was appointed on July IS, 1865.
O. How many dog racing tracks are
there in the United States2-E. Z.
A. There are about 10 race tracks,
with an annual turnover Of nearly $780,.
100000.
Evening star., 1942-08-07
WESLEY HEIGHTS.

Dear Sir.
Home gardeners who 60 around foam
ing about crab grass ought to 60 out
and take a good look at it now.
TT is positively the best-lookins grass
in anybody's lawn at this time.
Il have often wondered why SO many
gardeners, especially men, 60 on so about
crab grass, when they evidently can grow
nothing better.
1T is said that at least IS per cent of
home lawns have crab grass in them.
Maybe that is the reason we have as
good grass as We do!
This Is not to suggest that people
plant this weed, or sppease 1t in any way,
simply that If We must have 1t that We
try to see its good points and not make
such a fuss about it.
THE fact is that few homeowners
know what they are talking about when
they talk about crab grass. I have seen
some of the most ignorant fellows have
ever known, who wouldn't know a stalk
of red top from a stalk Of crab grass,
speak as if the weight of the turf world
were on their shoulders.
If we can't do much about crab grass,
and 1t is plain that not many can, let
us make the best Of 1t and admire 1t at
the peak Of It's season, which is now.
Yours very truly, U. I. B."
There is something in what this cor
respondent says.
We can well recall our first experience
with this weed.
The man next door was digging 1t out
of his grass. In doing so he came well
over into our lawn and wrecked its ap-
pearance, too.
We tried to appease him, by saying
nothing, but in the end he puts his an
tenna pole on our house and we had to
have 1t out with him, 50 we might as well
have done 50 about the crab grass.
There is no way q householder can
make his lawn worse than by trying to
pull out all the crab grass.
Square yards of 1t are thus denuded,
usually without any subsequent introduc-
ton Of good seed.
Much damage is done but in the end
the crab grass comes up again next year
because the weed puller did not under
stand that this plant Is an annual, and
seeds itself every year.
II pulling out Is to be undertaken, it
must be done before the crab grass gets
good start.
Once 1t Is growing luxuriantly 1t will
seed itself despite anything you can do
Many plans for getting nd Of it have
been tried. One of them Is a dangerous
one. It Is to pour gasoline over the
brown areas, after 1t has started to die
out, and to set them afire
Evening star., 1942-08-07

@. What Is the nickname Of the State
of Arkansas?-E. N. B.
A. The older popular nickname Is
LEGISLATURE the new nickname is Wonder
State.
O. How many patents were granted
to Carleton Ellis, the noted inventor7-
T. F. j.
A. At the time of his death In lS41.
he held 800 patents, the third largest
number for any individual In the history
OF the Patent once. Several hundred
more were pending.
@. Has the new cathedral at Liver.
pool, England, been damaged by bombs7
F. r.
A. A bomb passed through the outer
roof Of transept, but was detected be-
fore the full force Of the explosion could
take effect.
@. Why has the statue Venus de Milo
no arms?-H. D.
A. The statue was without arms when
1t was discovered on the Island of Meles.
1t is not known just how or when the
arms were broken of, nor is It known In
just what position they were held
originally.
Q. What proportion Of the population
of the United States is engaged In farm.
ing?-N. M. E.
A. Less than two out Of every 10
workers in the whole population of the
United States are engaged in agriculture.
This is equivalent to 176 per cent.
@. How many banks were closed when
President Roosevelt declared the bank
holiday?-S. T. w.
A. A survey indicated that approxi-
mately 1926 banking institutions were
closed on March 6, 1888 At least 15,6O0
reopened after the banking holiday.
@. Was st. Paul = bachelor2-T M.
A. There are many conflicting opin-
ions. Under Jewish law Paul would not
have been eligible to a seat In the Sam
hedrin unless he was married. On the
other hand his epistles indicate that at
that time he was undoubtedly free from
ma atrimonial bonds.
O. If initials are cut in q tree when 10
Is young, do they increase In size as the
tree ages?-S. j.
A. The initials will remain practically
the same height as when put in the
tree but they have slight tendency to
shrivel. Blazed marks on trees are dis
cernible for several hundred years. II
made deeply enough they will last ~
long as the trees.
O. What Is the purpose OF the Inter-
national Danubian Commission?-C. c.
A. After the last war, control Of the
river was vested in two bodies; the Euro
pean Commission controlling the mouth.
and the International Commission whose
jurisdiction extended from the limits
of the former, to Ulm, the highest navig-
able point Germany abolished the lat-
ter in 1910 and replaced 1t with q con.
sultative committee under q permanent
German director.
Evening star., 1942-08-07
Advocates Out Heroding
Nazi and Fascist Herods.
To the Editor Of The Star.

Clearly, this Is a high pressure war.
winning the big victories. And just as
soon as We out-pressure the Axis, and
out-terror the terrorists. we are going
to do some of the winning! Or shall we
learn the hard way, through staggering
blows, and half our homes in mourn
ing?
We must threaten terrible punish
ment for all who even deal with the
Nazis. We must threaten Germans
away from the Nazi party, and Italians
away from the Fascist party, knowing
that just as soon as We free the Ger
mans and Italians from their old men
of the sea. they will abandon aggression
and make peace at once.
Making the sharpest possible con-
trast between our offer of a generous
peace II the Germans and Italians cease
firing within, say, six months, and our
threat of rapidly rising price for peace
thereafter, we might offer not to exc
cute more than 10000 Of the top Nazis
and Fascists if peace comes soon, while
threatening to shoot 10 times that num-
Der If peace is delayed, say a year, and
100 times that number II peace is de-
layed still another year.
In any case, we must aim to make
early peace look so vastly more desirable
to the Germans and Italians than con-
tinuing the war that morale in these
countries will be split wide open.
Along the same lines, pressure could
be so increased upon Finland. Hungary,
Roumania and Bulgaria that these coun-
tries would be pryed completely away
from the Axis.
We who abhor the very idea Of using
threats and pressure methods to win
this totally fateful war are going to
wish, soon enough, that we had started
using threats and pressure methods from
the very start of hostilities.
BOILING SOMERVILLE.
Evening star., 1942-08-07
that the material situation war.
ranted SUMMARY action.

that the material situation war
ranted summary action.
Railroads have been steadily aban-
doning Improbable lines in recent
years, the average running around
1000 miles annually, and while the
suspension of service in any given
instance could be expected to bring
protests from the communities in
volved, the fact that motor trans
portation was readily available avert
ed hardship, The rubber situation
now puts a different aspect on this
matter.
For the present, the WPB program
seemingly is aimed only at procuring
rail, but the demand for scrap may
broaden its scope. and force new
transportation restrictions on the
public.
Evening star., 1942-08-07

Weight Control - Overweight or
underweight, our booklet will solve
your problem because 1t offers practi-
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your weight without using medicines,
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expert opinion on diet essentials,
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familiar dishes and dietary recipes
help you to plan menus. Table Of
weights for men and women. To se-
cure your copy inclose 10 cents In
coin, wrapped in this clipping. and
mail to The Star Information Bureau.
Name
Address
Evening star., 1942-08-07
Argues That Sufficient Shipping
Could Be Found for Second Front.
r., ths EAttar ~

Could Be Found for Second Front.
To the Editor Of The Star:
The prediction of one of Washington's
leading commentators that unless the
Allies open second front in Europe
within a month the Nazis will drive the
Russians back beyond the Ural Noun
tains and are likely to persuade the lat
ter to make a separate peace with them,
comedies exactly with the opinion that
I have held for the past month or longer.
Who can blame the Russians for be-
coming thoroughly disguised with the
Allies for letting them withstand the
whole weight of the Nazis' blitz, while
keeping over two million British soldiers
idle?
The excuse for not opening a second
front is always predicated on the fact
that it requires 20 tons of shipping to
supply each soldier in the field and that
this shipping Is not available. But II
Russia should fall or make q separate
peace. it obviously will require an Allied
army of at least five million in Europe
to stand any chance Of winning. This
would demand 100 million tons Of ship
ping. which at the present rate of sink
ings probably would never become avail
able. 1t looks as though 1t were a case
Of now or never.
There seems to be little doubt that II
We really are willing to make the neces-
sary sacrifices, the ships required for 4
second front can be made available.
There are undoubtedly many ships in
the Great Lakes and in coastwise service
which are now used for business as