davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1942-01-17
Negro History Week Grips The People

tary of the Oklahoma Education
Association believes that the plan
to study the lives of some of the
great Negro leaders and bring
them to the attention Of both
white and colored is good one.
The head of the Department of
Public Instruction in Illinois pro-
claimed the message to all schools
in the state. The editor of the
publications of the Illinois State
Library believes that the Librarians
of that State should be especially
interested.
KEEP NEGROES IN MIND
The assistant superintendent of
schools of Cincinnati says that In
their program they have kept in
mind the special needs of Negroes
and they have Negro representa-
tives on their various curriculum
committees for the selection of
textbooks. This same policy is fol-
lowed in the District of Column
bia; and, as IN Cincinnati, num-
bers of books on the Negro are
available for both white and Ne
gro schools.
The city of Chicago in the
recommendation of Superintendent
William H. Johnson is now revis-
ing its curriculum with number
of Negro teachers on the cur
riculurn committee in order to in
clude a unit on the Negro and
thus assure proper treatment of
this element of the population
along with all others. In the state
of Maryland the same thought has
claimed the attention of the State
Department of Education and
committees of teachers are now
comforting at various points in the
state to determine how much more
attention should be given the Ne
gro in the general curriculum and
how 1t should be given. School
authorities Of Jacksonville, Flori-
da have just agreed to work out q
similar program for Incorporating
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1942-01-17
Terms

akG
H. (Bob) Robinson, Claude Rox-
borough and Clarence Frisby were
placed on probation for two years
and each ordered to pay $4,000
within the next six month.
Sentences of Is months to five
years were melted out to former
Inspector Frank Dombecky and
Arthur Ryckman and former Lieut..
John P. Mccarthy. George Cor
dell and Peter Kusiba. white. al
legged operator or numbers and
policy houses, were sentenced to
two to five years in prison.
A one to five year sentence was
given Elmer Ryan, white head of
wire service, and alleged num-
bers operator, with Mike Novaf.,
white. also an alleged numbers
opertor, receiving a six months TO
five year sentence. Five former
police sergeants George Frank,
Ollie Gosney, Charles Neubar,
Marion Ratliffe and Charles Sche-
mansky, all white, received SEN
fences of six months to five years.
Former Sergeant Phillip Speaces,
two years and ordered to pay $500
white, was placed on probation for
within SIX months. Louis Snyder,
white, alleged numbers operator
was placed on probation for two
years and ordered to pay $500 court
costs.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1942-01-17

, the study of the Negro into their
curriculum.
ATLANTA COOPERATES
The Boards of Education most
active in the use of textbooks as
the basis for instruction are: Bal
timore, Annapolis, and Mayors
town in Maryland; most of the
towns and cities in Delaware;
Richmond and Bristol in Virginia;
Welsh in West Virginia; Green's
boro, Salisbury, Albermarle, Beau
fort and Charlotte in North Caro-
lima; Anderson, York. Columbia,
and st. George in South Carolina;
Atlanta in Georgia; Birmingham
and Mobile in Alabama; Meridian
In Mississippi; Crowley and New
Orleans in Louisiana; Dallas in
Texas; Tulsa, Ponca City and
Crowley and New Orleans in Loui-
siana; Dallas in Texas; Tulsa,
Ponca City and Langston in Okla
homa; Maplewood, st. Louis. Kan
sas City, and Paris in Missouri;
Louisville, Lexington, Maysville,
Puducah and Henderson in Ken
lucky.
The systems outside the South
making extensive use of our books
are: New York City: Philadelphia;
Atlantic City, Bayville, Camden,
Asbury Park, Ocean Grove. Say
rcsvilie, Trenton, Plainfield, Penns
Grove and Burlington in New Jer-
sey; Cincinnati and Dayton in
Ohio; Chicago, East Saint Louis,
Alton, Madison, Carbonate and
Edwardsville In Illinois; Detroit,
Grand Rapids and Sault Sainte
Marie in Michigan; Topeka in
Kansas; and Texarkana in Arkan-
SaS.
From these efforts an ideal pro-
gram will hardly follow, but these
undertakings show q promising be-
ginning. The Negro may not be
studied Immediately as the race
should be, but some thought is now
being directed to this long neg
lected aspect, and we shall have
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1942-01-17
aid on the American outpost.

raid on the American outpost.
Smith enlisted with the messman
branch of the navy four years ago
at the local recruiting station. He
was sent to Norfolk, Virginia for
a three-month preliminary train
ing. Smith, on a two-week fur
Tough, returned home to visit his
parents, which was his last visit be-
fore being assigned to active service.
He was nearing the completion
of his four-year term in the navy
and had planned to come back
home during the Christmas holi-
days. The japanese raid on Pearl
Harbor, however, changed the COM
plexion of these plans.
G. H. Adams OF STD Linden, bro
ther-in-law of Smith, said that the
boys mother had virtually given
him up as lost.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1942-01-17
THE RIGHT TO FIGHT
BY EMMETT ]. SCOTT

WASHINGTON, d. C.-The Ne
gro people of the United States are
still insisting upon the full right
to fight for the inclusive ideals set
forth in the Atlantic Charter.
and the recently announced dec
larations of the &c United Ma
tons. They want to fight for their
homeland, for America. They de-
sire to have a full part in the
present world struggle to defeat
the enemies of civilization.
They wish to fight on all requir-
ed battlefields side by side with
the United States, Great Britain,
end the other Allied nations. They
feel that they are now being de-
MED that full right. That is
why our newspapers, our various
organizations, and our outstanding
leadership continue to urge the
officials of che Armed Services of
the Government to open vide the
doors of opportunity and privilege
that they may do so.
They are appealing for fun
chance. They want to be unloos-
ed. They wish to be freed from
the shackles which hold them in
leash, and prevent them from do
ing their full part in tire conflict
now raging to achieve victory for
the democracy we are said to be
fighting for, and for a better
world for all the peoples 1f the
world, regardless of race, or creed,
or color.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1942-01-17
BETWEEN THE LINES
Safety First Or Safety Second?

forts to limit the Negro in the eco
nomic opportunities that our ma
tional emergency is making. and
the more reprehensible efforts to
limit the Negroes activities of serv-
ice to his nation show this. These
are dangerous symptoms and de-
mand correction. All too grudging-
ly the Negro is being admitted into
certain types of defense activities
When other nations are trying to
achieve 100 per cent efficiency, there
are those here in the United States
who would be perfectly content
with 80 per cent efficiency. This is
the equivalent of saying safety Sec
ond" for the nation.
We are not going to get the best
results in Our war efforts, while to
a large sector of our citizenry race
prejudice is being put above the
safety of the nation. No nation can
be said to be in dead earnest in it's
war efforts when it accepts or re-
jects draftees or volunteers on the
basis of their color rather than up
on their moral capacities. 1t is 60
ing to take safety first" attitude
and not safety second" attitude to
save the decisive day ahead.
NEGROES SHUNTED AROUND
We are very much afraid that the
same spirit that felt that the Japs
were merely Setup, is the same
spirit that would limit the
Negroes effort by color rather than
by physical and moral standards.
While we are rounding up spies and
fifth columnists by hundreds, the
loyal Negroes are being shunted
around as they try to break into
the nations defense efforts. While
pseudo-patriots are being wined and
dined, Negroes, the nations only
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1942-01-17
SOrOr CarlOtta
Stewart Named
To Zeta Post

MEMPHIS, Tenn.-(SNS)--
Soror Carlotta Stewart recently
returned from the Zeta Phi Beta
Boule in Jacksonville, Florida, where
she was appointed South Central
Regional Director. Soror Stewart,
because of the fine work done as
State Deputy, and Basileus of Alpha
Eta Zeta Chapter of the sorority
was given this distinction.
When the Zeta sororS met at
the residence of Soror Mauddeen
Seward, the following interesting
details of the convention were re-
ported: The theme, 1.-The Place of
the Sorority in National Defense, !"
was discussed. and the convention
voted to buy as soon as reports
from all local chapters were received.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1942-01-17

faileo to achieve appreciable status
IN rs years of freedom. He says,
OF course you know that the
Japs were only introduced to
Western Civilization seventy-five
years ago. The only reaction to
such obstinate stupidity is to quote
that oft repeated ,phase "That
where ignorance Is bliss It's folly to
he WISE"
A retired minister maintains that
Negroes are just dull and lazy and
need somebody to teach them the
necessity of wanting to work. He is
generous enough to "concede" that
Harlem got the dregs of NEGRO
migration. He cannot understand.
however. why a thousand Negroes
who paid one dollar a piece to
charter buses for a pleasure trip
last summer did not first pool their
resources and purchase a bus line.
Other simulate disgust because
the 100000 or more Negroes in
Harlem do not form great mer-
chandising combines and thereby
become self sufficient. At the
same time they are quoting cur
rently published figures to the
effect that 10 per cent of Harlem
Negroes are either on direct relief
OF WPA.
IN HOPELESS CONDITION
One very interesting chap, who
claims to have made a tour of the
South recently and to have studied
the conditions among Negroes with
tender care, sympathy and I'M
derstanding," concluded that Ne
gloes in the South are in a hope
less condition-much worse off
than in Harlem. Why he said sad
ly, Negroes down there do not
even get Home Relief checks. All
they get is grocery orders.
Some of these armchair phil
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1942-01-17
BY GORDON B. HANCOCK

super-patriots are being in many
instances denied their humble re-
quest to be allowed the privilege of
defending their country. This coun-
try must be brought to see the price
of such prejudiced outlook must be
paid for with blood of the white
youth of the nation.
1t is the height Of inefficiency
when men are selected for service
for any but physical and moral
stamina, regardless of color Any
other course is "safety-second"
whereas the emergency calls for
safety first" 1t may be good
American swagger to under estimate
the task we have before us in de-
feating the Japs; but it is not good
American common sense. If the
Negro brings the safety first notion
of cooperation to our defense eff
forts, well might the other portion
of the country do the same
PRESIDENT NOT BLAMED
OF course this column does not,
like some Negroes, blame Roosevelt
and his administration for the per-
sistence of prejudice. This nation
was prejudiced long before Roose-
welt was born and will be after he
has passed from the stage of &C
ton. So the sentiments couched
here are not directed to Roosevelt
true and tried friend of Negro
advance, but to that part of our
country that is trying to cry safety
first and act safety second!"
More and more press dispatches are
using the terms "Japs" and whites,
in their rep0rts, thus injecting the
racial ele emit into an international
situation ais war is between Jap
anese anu Americans rather than
between Japs and whites" Safety
First, should be our nations slo-
gan and not safety second" Ne
gro countrymen, let us give our best
our safety first" slogan is the head
of the nation,
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1942-01-17

them to philoshophizing upon the
causes of the ills of American Ne
groes. Each one has solution,
that is fool proof" which is as
phantasic as his philosophy Of
causes of ills.
Characteristic of these people is
the self-conviction that Harlem is
the beginning and end of ciyiliza-
ton as far as American Negroes
arc concerned. They, as a rule, re-
fuse to concede that Southern Ne
groes are more than phantoms or
if they do concede their existence it
is only as hopeless slaves.
HELD IN CONTEMPT
A common topic Of discussion
which brings forth much synthetic
reasoning and many phantastic
lies is why the Japs do not like
American Negroes. One Negro OF
authority addressed an early
meeting of today's bull sessions"
by saying that Japs hold the
American Negro in contempt be-
cause the American Negro has
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1942-01-17
Another Youth Is
Missing In Pearl
Harb0r Debacle
MEMPHIS. Tenn,-(SNS)

MEMPHIS, Tenn.--tSNS)--
The United States Naval Depart
ment has notified Mrs. Rosa Lee
Smith, Gunneern, Miss, that her
son, Walter t. Smith, naval re-
cruit, is reported missing as the re-
suit of the japanese air attack on
Pearl Harbor Sunday, December
18th.
Whether or not the youth was
killed in action was not stated in
the communication but relatives
fear the worse. They stated that
Smith was identified with the u.
S. S. Arizona, one of the warShips
sunk by the Japanese during the
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1942-01-17
WALTER cHNERS SAYS: ., WALTER R. eH,vs..

oscphers have decided to sit
around and wait until the college
produce another Booker r. Wash
intgon to lead them, not out of
New York, but into Wall Street
brokers' seat. l am sure that their
idea of a real leader is one who
will lead them ito another seat be-
cause they are perpetual sitters.
Wall Street seats would be en-
lowed, of better quality leather,
and therefore last longer. Maybe
someone should endow bull ses-
sions'-and afterthought as
sure you.
One rather strong anti-Japanese
gentleman declared that indis-
pitable proof Of japanese inferi-
GRITTY to American Negroes is the
fact that he had never heard Of
them producing thinker the
equal of Dubois nor scientist of
the calibre of George Washington
Carver.
GROSSLY IGNORANT
have tried to give my readers
some insight into the thinking of
significant and representative
group of Harlem's armchair phil
osophers. They are significant be-
cause they attract audiences. In
the case of the specific group men
toned. the audiences are made up
of constantly changing group of
transients, from every walk of life
and who come from far and near
in the United States and even
from beyond our borders.
Most of these men are danger
Gus to the better interests of Ne
groes because they SO grossly
ignorant of the relationship or
should I say the lack of relation
ship of American Negros to the
social and economic forces that by
sheer strength of thousands of
years of accumulated power shape
and mold the lives of all citizens
regardless of race.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1942-01-17
Army Officials
Continued from Page II

NOIAtilucu lTOIU rage ~
man put in call to the city police
station and asked for more military
policemen and civilian policemen.
COLORED WOMAN SHOT
During the two-hour long fight,
colored woman, listed as Miss
May Francis Scales, %, was shot in
the hip. Her condition Tuesday was
reported as satisfactory.
Pistols, bricks, sticks and bottles
served as weapons during the bat
tie. Pistol shots could be heard sew
eral blocks away.
Colored military policemen on
the scene were said to have been
in possession of improvised billies,
while white military policemen were
armed with guns and loaded billies.
Over 5000 colored soldiers were
rounded up throughout the four
block area. Many of them suffered
severe beatings before being return
ed to Camps Livingston and Clai-
borne here Sunday.
Immediately after the riot, police
men invaded most of the colored
businesses and forced them to close,
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1942-01-17

the opportunity to learn in the
future more and more of what
the race has thought and felt and
attempted and accomplished.
PRODUCES RESULTS
In this way the celebration of
Negro History Week becomes pro-
ductive of actual results. Those
schools and other agencies engaged
In the study of the Negro and
working for the promotion of such
study in places where it has not
been undertaken will have actual
achievements to celebrate. They
will be in a position to felicitate
themselves and to accept the
felicitation of others who see and
appreciate what they have done to
prevent the Negro from becoming
2 negligible factor in the thought
of the world.
The association is of the opinion,
too, that even in cases where the
teaching of the life and history
of the Negro is not undertaken
with textbooks the well-informed
Instructor can hardly fail to in
corporate such materials into the
curriculum by the wise use of
supplementary work. Although
thorough instruction in this case
is practically impossible because
of the difficulties experienced by
most teachers in departing from
textbooks, every instructor, wheth-.
or engaged in teaching history or
some other subject, should point
out the possibilities of students In
their special fields by reviewing
the achievements of persons of
African blood.
FIRST TO USE STRINGS
The teacher of music, the one in
position tc do some of the most
inspirational work in the school,
has the unusual opportunity to
keep before the pupils, the facts
that Africans were the first to use
stringed instruments and that the
outstanding achievement IN this
field in America is accredited to
the Negro. The teacher Of dra..
matics, occupying from year to year
a more conspicuous position in the
training of the youth. also has
such opportunity for correlating
with dramatics what the Negr,
has achieved in this sphere.
Even in teaching science and
/ OF n on xxys1 T.
matter to mention the highly de-
veloped calculating mind of the
African to whom belongs credit for
important beginnings in these
sLheres. Mathematics all but had
its origin in Ancient Africa
Science early developed there
along with mathematics. The
Bushn1en and Hottentots knew
enough chemistry to make poison
ed arrows, and the natives com
pounded antidotes for these con-
cOctionS. Thousands of years ago
the natives in the heart of Africa
had discovered cures for snake
bite and blood poisoning. The
lgreatest contribution of Africa was
ito teach the world how to apply
science in smelling and refining
iron. The teachers of literature
and art have no less opportunity
than others for correlating with
such work facts concerning the
Negro.
Literature bearing upon Negro
History Week may be obtained
from the office of the association
for the Study of Negro Life and
History at 1888 Ninth Street. N.
W.. Washington, d. G.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1942-01-17
Gen. B. @. Davis
(Continued from Page II

CONTINUED from Page ~
S. L. Greene, DR.. A. H. Mccoy, DIR.
G.. A. Price, Rev. A. B. Keeling, MI.
E. w. Banks, and Percy Greene.
General Davis arrived in Jackson
by motor trip from Tuskegee, where
he had been visiting his son, Capt.
B. O. Davis, Jr., who is Commandment
at Tuskegee, and also taking flight
instructions at the Tuskegee Air
School.
General Davis is at present sta
toned In Washington, p. g.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1942-01-17
e d'{izS|E:}S2Dz1
lPX IhQNAAS JEFFERSON FLANAGAN Ns(WA
The Boy Who Throws Our Paper

WHETHER zero or ninety in the shade
Iha boy throws our paper
1t its ice to skate or SHOWS to wade
That fellow throws our paper:
The postman might fail to come aroun
Bridges may tumble an the milkmen drown;
But you set your watch by the bouncin SCUM
When that boy throws our paper.
Friends may default an sinners backsllde,
But that boy throws our paper;
The sluggard waits for wagon an ride
That boys prompt with our paper;
In spite of the creditors ridn our neck
The tax collectors gang by heck,
We pay first when we get checks.
That boy who throws our paper.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1942-01-17

FAR BE 1T from me to heckle
the leaders of our country at war.
Without unity we cannot win the
war and without fairness of purpose
we cannot win peace. AS the Chicago
Defender SO effectively pointed out
in its Freedom of the Press" edi-
tOrial of recent date, although we
are committed to an all-out support
of our country in its war efforts,
this whole hearted cooperation and
super-loyalty in no way vitiates our
contention for justice and fair deal
ings. Furthermore. we must per-
sist in presenting our case for JUS
tice on the score not only will the
Negro secure advantages from the
just disposition of matters but the
country itself will profit.
Whenever and wherever and how
ever justice can be substituted for
prejudice in race relations, the
country no less than the Negro
profits. We SO often enormously as
sumo that whenever we plead for
justice in race relations, we are
pleading merely for the Negro. AS
a matter of fact, the nation gains
more from just dealings that does
the Negro race. The country must
understand that it is just as diff
cult for the Negro to forget his
contentious for justice, as it is for
many of his countrymen to forget
opportunities that are rightly his.
and at the same time expect others
to nurture their prejudices, when
those prejudices are inimical to
the safety of the nation.
DISTRESSING SITUATION
1t is therefore distressing to note
how tenac ously this nation is cling
ing to its racial prejudices. The eff
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1942-01-17

1t was reported.
SCHOOL HEAD BEATEN
Beaten about the head by civil
liam policeman was David Isles,
principal OF Peabody High School.
Prof. Isles operates the Cool Spot
cafe and was beaten because he
asked Officers the reason for clos
ing his place of business.
Dixie Grill, operated by colored
persons, was reported ransacked by
white policemen. A cash register
and $85 was reported missing.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1942-01-17

! AACoc & 1 o u pS
are made up OF
men from every
Where, W i t h
every kind Of
background, who
nave seen and
experienced al
ncst every con-
,eivable phase of
life. They love an
audience. They
need only slight
stimulus TO start
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1942-01-17
BY CARTER G. WOODSON

NOTHING LAUNCHED by the
association for the Study of Negro
Life and History has met with a
more favorable response from the
public than the celebration of Ne
gro History Week From February
8 to Is comes the seventeenth an
nual observance. The educational
authorities faithfully cooperate in
directing attention to this effort
and in pointing out the beneficient
results to be obtained from it.
The most effective cooperation
is that of the State Department of
Education In the South where the
masses of Negroes are found. For
the general gooo these State De-
partmentS Of Education urge this
upon the school and the commune
ty as duty and distribute the
literature offered by the associa-
ton for the Study of Negro Life
and History. The superintendent
of independent districts in the
large cities are likewise concern
ed.
EFFORTS REASSURING
Some of these efforts to presen5
the work to the people Of both
races are reassuring. 1.-THE Texas
Outlook directs attention to the
celebration, the secretary of the
Georgia Educational Association
gladly offers to cooperate with the
association in the celebration of
Negro History Week. The Secre-
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1942-01-17
Fisk Student


der the care of physicians at Me-
harry hospital, near Fisk's cam
pus.
Claim agent for the railroad, H.
B. Wise, sought to compromise the
case by acknowledging the mis-
conduct O. the brakeman, but Of
fers for an out-of-court settlement
were turned down by Atty. James
B. Cashin, who represents Tyler.