davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-04-19

substance next to hydrogen, and weighs
about twice as much as hydrogen. At
extremely low temperatures helium can
be liquefied and also solidified.
In addition TO a lifting medium, It Is
also employed for other purposes: Among
them. in treating various respiratory all
ments and in connection with deep-sea
diving to prevent the bends
America first began to refine helium
on large scale during the First World
War, and when the armistice was signed
some 147000 cubic feet of the gaS-la-
heled "Argon" to guard its identity-were
awaiting shipment on the New Orleans
docks for eventual observation balloon
use in France. New sources. in Western
and Midwestern States have been tapped
since that time and now the available
supply runs into many millions of cubic
feet-as much as the United States can
possibly use for many years to come.
1t took the Hindenburg disaster in
1897 to sound the final death knell of
highly inflammable, although more buoy
ant, hydrogen gas and give helium the
indisputable world title as the only
lifting agent for airships. The United
States. however, had for many years
used helium in its rigid and non-rigid
airships relegating hydrogen to obser-
vation and free balloons.
In spite of the hazards of hydrogen.
however, blimps were eminently success
full in the First World War. England used
1870 of them. 1t is matter of record
that no submarine ever successfully at
tackled convoy which was escorted by
airship; that enemy submarines and
mines were both sighted and destroyed
by them; that only 48 lives of British
airstlip officers and men we're lost.
Today, with fewer but vastly more
superior ships than the British possessed
in the last war, the United States Navy
is rapidly demonstrating that the lurk-
Evening star., 1942-04-19
Ruined City Lives Anew

ings, and other merchants have re-es-
tablished themselves on the outskirts
Neighborly assistance and widespread
cooperation which became necessary
have led to closer community spirit.
Hundreds of people eat daily in two
restaurants financed by the government
and run by the municipality, where q
well-balanced lunch costs only 20 cents.
Social work and relief organiza tions
keep big stats busy and still receive
help from the United States.
Dances and concerts by military bands
are given in one Of the few remaining
halls or in the open on the famed
Plymouth Hoe.
DemonStrative of the new cooperative
spirit which has come to Plymouth was
the recent decision of an Anglican min
lister to convert, his church into social
center. Large buildings we're at pre-
MUM, he reasoned, and his church. used
by a comparatively small congregation,
could serve a vital purpose as recrea-
ton and social service center.
Although harassed by the fear of re-
newed bombings even after a year of
quiet, Plymouth has turned its atten-
ton to the problems of postwar recon-
struction.
Under the guidance of viscount W. W.
Astor, Lord Mayor. the municipality has
engaged an expert in city planning to
outline a better Plymouth for years to
come.
Planning for the future includes PLAN
ming for grim possibilities of war. An
other aerial attack would find an alert
A. R. P. An invasion attempt through
Plymouth Port would find civilians as
well as soldiers playing designated parts.
Today Plymouth is a ruined city.
where an occasional woman salvage
worker can be seen grubbing in rubble
for bits of metal to contribute to the
war effort.
But tomorrow, say its indomitable cit
liens, the city from which Drake sailed
against the Spanish Armada and from
which the Pilgrim Fathers set out In the
Mayhower, will take its place among the
great cities again-made greater by its
horrible experience.
Evening star., 1942-04-19
Army's Huge Air Depot
Is Keeping EN- Flying

The immensity Of the project and its
nfultitudinous phases are conceivable by
the layman only If he tours the vast
depot, and that is forbidden to all except
those who have business to conduct
within the gates.
The field is closely guarded. Every
worker and business visitor must pass
a machine-gun emplacement at the
main gate and a gantlet of policemen
standing guard at several stop stations.
A pass is necessary to move about the
grounds. One young lady who neglected
to get a pass spent a couple OF hours In
the guardhouse.
One building houses the plant pro-
lection unit under the F. B. I. The bu-
reau checks back, over a flve-year Pc
riod, on the activities of every person
on the premises, even the soldiers.
Soldiers, too, must furnish references
and be fingerprinted, just as the workers.
The F. B. I. agents maintain a con-
slant check on the employees and, among
other duties, investigate the fields air
crashes.
Inside the tall wire fence around the
depot is conducted one of the most i'm
portant bits of business behind the
battle fronts.
Student mechanics swarm over obso-
lete or cracked-up planes which are
used as models for instruction.
Other students, women as well as men,
study welding, machine work and other
trades, at the work bench or in the class
rooms. Instructors compile their own
textbooks.
Other schools are conducted down.
town.
Parachutes are tested and folded by
expert hands; other hands, Just as ex-
pert, belonging to former watchmakers
and jewellers, work on precision instru-
ments.
Women bend over sewing machines,
making togs which American flyers will
wear into battle.
Test pilots wait to take UP repaired
planes; every ship that is brought into
the depot Is tested thoroughly before
being sent back.
Damaged ships are mended on an as
senbly line basis in huge hangers. They
may be massive bombers, or they may be
tiny trainers.
All move steadily down the assembly
line and each group Of workers knows
beforehand the illness of every ship.
So vast are the depot's buildings that
some men run errands on bicycles or
scooters in order to save time.
Employees go about their tasks grimly
most of them feeling like Mary Virginia
Payne.
Mary Virginia, 16-year-old redhead,
made up her mind after Pearl Harbor.
She is student machinist, putting in 8 .
hours day divided into two hours of \
classroom work and six hours of appli-
cation.
II Just felt I wanted to do my bit" she E
said. =
Mary Virginia is on one of the night :,
shifts. That makes her sacrifice bigger. n
Il can have dates on Sunday night -
only" abe said.
Evening star., 1942-04-19

It's not quite dawn yet. Several hun
dred feet above the chill waters of the
Atlantic men are peering tense-eyed
through the windows of a small con-
troll car.
Forward lookout-keep a sharp watch
there. Sing out If you sight anything"
AYE, aye, sir!'
And the lookout presses his high
powered binoculars closer to his eyes,
erdeavoring. catlike to pierce the murky
gloom. The captain" young chap who
is really some grades below that naval
rank, relinquishes the elevator wheel to
rigger and goes back into the gondola
to work out his courses.
The opening scene is finished in
daily drama of the eastern seaboard,
which for Navy personnel has now be-
come routine. 1t means that another
airship patrol is on its way to keep day.
long vigil over the sea lanes which are
laden with spring traffic.
They have been operating for many
weeks, these big non-rigid airships, more
popularity known as "blimpS," and are
rapidly proving to those who have in
the past questioned them that they are
a military weapon of Al worth.
Their purpose is to protect shipping, to
sight and attack submarines What they
have accomplished so far cannot in the
interest of military security be told, but
a spokesman at the Navy Department
has said this much-"They are most
successfully carrying out the purpose for
which they we're designed"
Behind them is a story of reward and
heartbreak which cannot conceivably be
told in so many hundred wordS-it is the
story of man first taking to the air, of
the evolution of clumsy hot-air balloons
over period of more than $50 years into
mammoth engined-propelled dirigibles.
But one factor today stands out fore
most as lighter-than-a sails into a new
and brighter dawn. The factor is helium.
Looking up out Of the control Car at
the big, bulbous nose of their ship, crews
have ample cause to thank God for
helium gas. Non -inflammable, non-ex-
plosive, it is indeed God given to this
country. For though it is found in lesser
quantities in other portions OF the earth,
nowhere else has it been exploited as it
has in the United States.
Not literally speaking secret" helium
has nevertheless made possible a weapon
peculiarly suited to this country in the
greatest total war ever visited upon
mankind.
Helum cannot be called a new dis
covery. 1t took its place in the atomic
chart back in 1868 when the English
astrophysicist Lockyer discovered a new
and brilliant yellow line in the spectrum
of the sun. But 1t was not until the
turn of the century that helium as
gas was located on earth. Kansas was
one of the early locales.
Its chemical analysis and character
istics would make difficult reading for
the average layman. In few words,
however, heliurn is the lightest known
Evening star., 1942-04-19
By William B. King,
Wide World News.

PLYMOUTH. England-Whats a city
to do when swarms of bombing planes
visit it night after night and then leave
1t in ruins?
Plymouth, reduced to pile of rub
BILE almost year ago, has answered the
question and the answer is:
Keep stubbornly to the business of
day-to-day living, work and plan for
the future.
Forbidden by wartime restrictions to
rebuild privately structures, and
restricted by labor shortage from doing
more than initial clearance work, Plym
outh lies today almost as German bomb
ers left it last April after almost
full week of intensified bombing-the
most heavily damaged city in England.
The city presents a sad sight even
now. with its entire shopping district
wiped out, whole blocks and streets of
residences leveled, and public buildings
and churches Quilted.
Added to that is the knowledge Of
the many killed-mangled by bombs and
crushed by masonry-more than 10000
OF its normal 100000 population evacu-
ated or moved away and most Of its
children living in farms and villages Of
nearby Cornwall and Devonshire.
While other blitzed cities-giant
sprawing London. for instance-present
large areas untouched by enemy action,
small. closely built Plymouth shows de-
struction wherever one looks.
The element lacking in this picture
of ruin is despair; the people refused
to give Up.
In place of the old shopping district.
which was extensive because Plymouth
was the market town for a large sur
rounding area, there are booths set up
in a large market shed selling every
thing from vegetables to hardware A
booth operated by a well-known nickel
and-dime chain operates next TO local
produce mart.
A large department store which was
thoroughly bhtzed has spread its various
departments about In separate build
Evening star., 1942-04-19

complete even to 30-foot water pool.
fanked by shrubs and flowers.
1t is here, among the ghosts OF dead
and-gone peasant and crusader. that art
and science interplay according to the
whins OF Hammond, the man of gadgets.
Push the right button in this place
and you turn on rain; push another, and
you have moonlight.
There are some rooms off the court
where lights are turned on by the sound
of the human voice, and there are some
doors that only Hammond can open by
means of an electric eye system in which
the inventor inserts a pin in the lock 10
break the electric band.
Il rigged that one" he said, because
I was forever losing my keysl'
The architecture of the castle and the
design of most of the art objects are in
the gothic mode. but Hammond has
made no attempt to keep everything
within a certain period of medieval
years.
Hammond has his guests dine on a
table once used by Caesar Borgia, whose
talents in the gentle art of poisoning his
tablemates are well known. After dessert,
mine host sometimes shows the folks a
cute little mural depicting a martyr
having his tongue ripped out
Sleeps Early American.
While most of the bedrooms are repro
ductions of the medieval, Hammond says
'I sleep early American"
His room is furnished in the mode of
Vermont of 200 years ago. and there's
tricky wallpaper arrangement in which
the paper is placed on the doors as we'll
as the walls. The result is that when
the doors are closed, the room appears
to be inclosed by four solid walls.
One night. Hammond had Charles
Macarthur. the author. and husband of
Actress Helen Hayes, stopping over as
a guest. Macarthur rated the "early
American" room-but lived to regret it.
Charley woke up in the middle of the
night and lit the light so he could have
a smoke" grinned Hammond when he
saw the four solid walls and tried vainly
to locate the door. he damn near tore
down the walls trying to get out"
At 54, Hammond is light of step and
sound of body, but he has his mind on
the hereafter. He's built his own tomb
among the oak trees that are separated
from the castle by pathway OF crumbled
oyster shells.
He led the reporter up long fight of
steps flanked by Norwegian frs to the
tomb, and swung back great steel door
on creaking hinges
You can see. it already is occupied
by a great lady," he said softly, as he
pointed to steel box bearing the in
scription, "Su Lin"
And who" asked the reporter in a
tone of equal reverence, was Su Linz"
She was our Siamese cat"
Evening star., 1942-04-19

1t usually takes lieutenant colonel Is
years to become major general-if he
becomes major general
1t took MacArthur's right hand man.
Mai. Gen. Richard x. Sutherland, one
year
Speeded-up wartime promotion was on
his side. but so were valor ability and
a mind for strategy. They had to be.
for in all his Army career Gen. Suther-
land, MacArthur's chief of staff, who
went with him from the Philippines to
Australia. has had to come up the hard
way.
This son of a former United States
Senator went in wearing buck private's
khaki
He went in without West Points four
years of schooling in strategy. tactics and
command. But he didn't go in without
any knowledge of these things.
Ever since he was youngster playing
with the hundreds of lead soldiers that
were his most priced possessions, Dick
Sutherland wanted to be a soldier him.
self Perhaps the fact that his great
grandfather was colonel on Gen.
Washington's staff had some influence.
He was the boy in the town who was
always reading books about military cam
paigns and military heroes.
Evenings in the big living room Of the
Sutherland home in Elkins, w. Va, while
his parents and their friends played cards
or talked in one end of the room, Dick
would be curled up in big chair in the
other end reading more OF those war
books"
When he played he insisted on playing
soldier
As he grew older. along with golhng
and horseback riding, he was especially
interested in hunting and guns.
After his preparatory studies at Elkins
Academy and Andover. Mass, were
Evening star., 1942-04-19

finished, there was the question OF what
to do about Dicks college
Years later the senior Sutherland said,
Dick wanted to go to West Point or
Annapolis" but he was advised that
greater opportunities probably would be
found in other fields.
'I didn't learn for some years how
greatly disappointed he was that he did
not go, preferably to West Point" said
the Senator. So at the time that West
Points future major generals were going
about in blue braided uniforms with
brass buttons, Dick Sutherland wore the
Yale blazer and fiat straw hat of the
period.
His costume changed in 1915 when,
with his fathers approval, he joined one
of the Yale batteries being formed by
Gen. Leonard Wood.
And when in 1915 he stepped on the
platform to receive his diploma at Yale
he was wearing khaki. The battery had
joined the Connecticut National Guard
in order to get its equipment from the
State. and Dick Sutherland and the
rest were under orders to 60 to the
Mexican border.
Young Sutherland took competitive
examinations, first for a second lieu
tenants commission in the National
Guard, then for the Regular Army.
BY the time the United States entered
World War he was a captain He
went to France with the I'd Division
one of the first divisions to go over
and participated in the battles of Belleau
Wood, Champagne and the Argonne.
He was recommended for the rank Of
major. but the wars end left the promo
ton unfulfilled.
Before he went to France he had
changed from the field artillery to the
infantry, and in this branch he served
varied post details.
Evening star., 1942-04-19
BY Frank Carey.
wide World News.

rian choir swell nightly from every
where and nowhere.
But there was one day when the
cathedral-like room sheltered proceed
ings that were anything but celestial in
spirit. 1t was day when Hammond
played host to a special session of a
United States Customs Court, held in
the bizarre setting of the great hall.
AT issue was the amount of duty the
inventor should be required to pay on
some valuable stained-glass windows he
had imported. Hammond claimed the
windows were pure art and that he
should get bargain rate on the duty.
But Uncle Sam maintained the windows
were Just so much stained glass-and
would Mr.. Hammond kindly get 1t up,
please?
Evening star., 1942-04-19

As the argument went on, the presiding
Justice reclined in q chair that once was
the throne of Spanish bishop five CEN
turies ago. Lawyers and art experts sat
about refectory table from which gen.
erations of monks ate their frugal meals
in the Middle Ages. Tall wax candles in
antique candlesticks lighted the lawyers
briefs. and a fire roared in a great fire.
place that once warmed a 14th century
castle in Italy.
ut was really pretty cozy," Hammond
recalls, "and after the arguments were
all in. we had fine dinner and a few
drinks. Butt lost the easel"
At the far end Of the great hall, there
is reproduction Of medieval courtyard,
Arkansas State press. [volume] (Little Rock, Ark.) 1941-1959, 1942-08-07
Along The Rail

number Of years in and arouno
Blytheville, Mrs. January recent.
ly returned from an extensive trir
to Chicago, st. Louis, and Hot
Springs. She resides at l26 Wal
nut Street, Blytheville.
Mr., "Kid" Ford internationally
, known politician and businessman
of Roanoke, Va, who is reputod
to be one of Virginia's wealthiest
Negroes, and is in a field all by
himself as the only Negro opera
tor Of sporting and night clubs in
the entire city of Roanoke and
enjoys a chain of them. :.
He is spending his vacation at the
Hot Springs Pythian Hotel and
Bath House. We find Mr.. Ford
very fond of railroaders and it
is the desire of this column that
all of our men call on Mr., Ford,
while he is in our midst and show
him all the hospitality possible,
One finds him regular indeed. And
we old scribe can vouchsafe your
delight as you listen to him re-
late his experiences as how he
rose to his present position in life
without formal education.
Arkansas State press. [volume] (Little Rock, Ark.) 1941-1959, 1942-08-07
Garland City

WYNNE BAPT. Church: Sun
day was rated as a good day
spiritually and financially by the
church group, with Rev. N. T, Mel
son bringing the sermons. No
doubt is in the minds of the men,
hrrs that he is putting over a
wonderful program as pastor and
all auXiliaries are working faith
fully. The Junior Mission is do
ing fine. making ready for the Dis
trict Convention, which conveneS
in October. With an efficieht
corps of officers, Miss Helen Nc
Kamie is president and Miss Suet-
Ia Block is bible instructor. We
are praying for them to grow
strong in the work Of the church.
The pastor announces that re-
vival is ir progress at another
church he pastored just across the
river and he is meeting with much
Arkansas State press. [volume] (Little Rock, Ark.) 1941-1959, 1942-08-07
Pep, Fun And Joy
Depends On Health

Good health is your most valu-
able possession. The Home Book
of Medicine is something every
family should have.
This book is illustrated. 1t tells
about Diseases of the Stomach.
Eye. Ear, Skin Diseases, Heart
Trouble, Diseases due to lack of
Vitamins, Reducing, Badness, Hay
Fever. Insanity. Fractures, Can
Ger, Tumors. Gonorrhea, Syphilis
Epilepsy, Growths, neart, Kid
news, Nervous System. lnfectuous
Diseases in Children, Diet, Blood
Tests, and other important infor-
nation. 1t will not be sent to
anyone who is not over q. In
ordering, please print your name
and address plainly on a penny
post card, and mail it to The Esru
Pub. Co., Dept. II, 420 Madison
Ave, n. Y. c., N. Y,
Send no cash. When your book
arrives. pay the postman only 72c.
Not cent more. Use it for ten
lays. IL it's not the best invest
ment you ever made in valuable
information, send it back and your
money will be sent back imme-
lately. Write Now.
Arkansas State press. [volume] (Little Rock, Ark.) 1941-1959, 1942-08-07
Coal Hill News
Geo. w. West

VISITING Mrs. Mary
Hadgraves of Wichita. Kansas is
guest of her parents -in-laws, Mr..
and Mrs. Alta Hardgraves. ;.
Mrs. Bamma Hardgraves of De-
troit, Michigan is guest of her
parents, Mr.. and Mrs. Sam Hard
graves. !. Mr.. Carl West left
for his home in Detroit, after
completing the beautiful bunga-
lowL dwsllinS for ~ ssesonts ...as
Mrs. Ruby Quinn Of Ozark, Mrs.
Dorothy Cox Of Kansas City and
Mr.. Ode Dailie Of Manning are
the guests of Mr.. and Mrs. Athe-
meous' Hargraves.
BETHEL A. M. +. Church. The
Sunday school was a very spirit
ual session on last Sunday and
well attended, with two visitors,
Mrs. Mary Hardgraves and BAN
ma Hardgraves visiting. At 1870
a. m. the pastor, Rev. Gray
preached a spiritual sermon, with
Commonunion following. A bust
ness meeting was held and finan-
cial reports tptaled $500 which
was paid to the pastor. Master
Henry West and Miss Mildred Ho-
gan were elected delegates to the
Sunday school Convention, which
has been moved from this city to
VanBuren. The change was made
because of the serious injuries
received by the stone mason who
was employed to complete Bethel
and the building work has been
postponed. Frank Johnson, Henry
Oliver and Hershel Oliver of O.
zark We're welcome visitors in our
city Sunday and attended the Sun
day school. Rev. VIM. Gray,
Rolla West and wife We're guest
of the writer Sunday. :. Still on
the sick list is Bro H. w. Ho-
gan. Mrs. Olene Jones of Waco,
Texas arrived this week as guest
Of Mr.. and Mrs. II. W. Hogan,
grandparents.
Arkansas State press. [volume] (Little Rock, Ark.) 1941-1959, 1942-08-07
LeWisville News
BY Mrs. r. +. Turner

PERSONAL NOTES. Mrs.
Martha Edwards has returned to
her home in Waldo, after a visit
with her neice, Mrs. Sadie Mill
gan.
Mrs. Eliza Foote and children,
Henry Lee and Mary Alice, former
ly of this city, who now reside in
Flagstaff, Arizona have returned
home after visiting relatives and
friends, here,
CHURCH NOTES The An
tloch Baptist Church had a splen-
did Sunday School last Sunday,
with well taught lesson by each
teacher. There were fifty five
scholars present and the collection
was $4.57. Deacon S. Lee is Supt
and Sadie Mae Milligan, secretary.
The st, Paul Baptist Church
closed a very successful revival
meeting Sunday, August q with
rs candidates. for baptism. The
pastor, Rev. H. j. Price was ably
assisted the last week of the re-
vival by Rev. c. A. w. Clarke of
Shreveport, La, The following per
sons contributed fifty cents in the
revival, Nesdames Marie Viii
liams, Morell Johnson and Matte
Mae Brown, Messrs. l.. M. Gaines
and T. C. Thomas. The total
amount raised was $6O.02.
DEATHS; Word was received
here this morning Of the death Of
B. A. Douglas, son of Bailey Doug
las, in Los Angeles, California.
The body will be brought here
for burial, hit funeral arrange
ments are incomplete.
Arkansas State press. [volume] (Little Rock, Ark.) 1941-1959, 1942-08-07
Russellville News
BY Ruth Russell

GUEST: Miss Emma L. Loftor
of Fl. Smith is the guest Of Miss.
es Inex and Aletha Williamson.
Mrs. Lillian Tolbert of Maiden
Mo, arrived last Saturday for ~
indefinite stay with relatives.
LUCKY -GO-LUCKY Club met
last Wednesday with Mrs. Thelma
Jackson as hostess. High prizC
for the evening was won by Mrs
Gurthie Jackson, with Mrs. Ker
NIT Hale, winning the low one.
VACAT10NING: Mr.. #. ED
wards and Markhanna Edwards
jr., left Monday for parts in In
diana. Their many friends wish
them a pleasant trip.