davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-04-14
This Changing World
PoIk Stroit Naval Bottle, Giving Jops Control
Of Indian Oceun, Held Most Vital of War

According to available reports,
the British battleships In the
Indian Ocean did not venture
into the Palk Strait battle be-
cause Of lack Of adequate air
protection.
Feared Fate Of Repulse.
The British force of aircraft
carriers has suffered seriously In
the last year; q number have
been sunk and a still larger
number have been damaged
and are now undergoing repair.
Thus, the only plane carrier
available for the Indian Ocean
was the old aand inefficient
Hermes, which was no better
than our Langley and was not
intended to give British battle
ships the necessary protectinon.
The Japanese, who brought
into action four or five plane
carriers. had a field day. They
knew the heavy British ships
which were roaming the seas
several hundred miles east of
Ceylon would not risk joining
battle for fear of sharing the
fate of the Prince of Wales and
the Repulse, which were sunk
early in December off Malaga.
The Japanese did not worry
about British air attacks. They
knew the British had neither
modern plane carriers nor suffi-
ciently strong land-based avia-
ton to threaten their heavy
ships, which went In to action
as If staging a war game in home
waters.
Fears Felt for Ceylon.
There is little likelihood that
the United Nations will send
further reinforcements into the
Indian Ocean. Lines of COM
munication between the United
States, Great Britain and Russia
must be protected. So must lines
to Australia and the Red Sea.
Evening star., 1942-04-14

There does not seem to be enough
naval power among the Allies to
protect the shipping lanes and
shores Of Britain anad the United
States against Nazi raiders and
at the same time form a SUM-
ciently strong striking force to
stop further progress of the jap
anese In the Indian Ocean.
The effect of the Palk Strait
battle will be felt in India shortly,
regardless of what Indian ma
tionalist leaders say. now that
negotiations with the British
have broken down. Military OBJ
servers are greatly worried lest
Ceylon be the next target of the
Japanese and prove unable to
hold out longer than the other
British outposts in the Far East.
Once Ceylon is occupied and the
Japanese have complete control
OF the Bay of Bengal there is
little that Gen. Sir Archibald
Wavell can do against the Nip
ponese with his limited air force
and relatively small army.
Evening star., 1942-04-14

ardized their position If they had
not been compelled to break up
their strength into small groups
to fight on several fronts.
The British losses have, Of
course, weakened their fleet, but
Britain's naval power has been
hit hardest by the necessity of
taking care Of so many oceans
and the fact that the Admiralty
cannot afford to use more than q
limited number Of ships in each
area. The Japanese, on the other
hand, are taking full advantage
of their entire striking force and
never give battle unless they have
overwhelming superiority. While
greatly outnumbered by the COM
bined British American Fleets,
the Japanese have been lucky in
never meeting numerically
superior Allied force.
Strengtn ImmODll1zc0.
While the Japanese are mark
ing time in Australian waters and
maintaining a small force to pro-
tect their own shores from pos
sible, but most unlikely, Ameri-
can attack, they are able to
concentrate the bulk of their
naval force at given point for q
short time and to defeat the
Allies there without much trouble.
That happened in the battle Of
Java and has happened again in
the Bay of Bengal.
The British Fleet is divided into
several groups, none of which is
powerful enough to strike heavily
at the enemy. There is a British
Fleet composed of battleships.
cruisers and destroyers in home
waters, watching the Nazi forces
headed by the Trpitz. That COM
paratively small Nad force i'm
mobilizes a substantial portion Of
the American and British naval
forces in the waters of Norway.
The British also keep q strong
squadron of cruisers, destroyers.
submarines and plane carriers
in the Mediterranean. while an
other portion of the feet watches
the South Atlantic trade routes
and still another relatively small
force Is in the Indian Ocean.
Evening star., 1942-04-14
The Political Mill
Democrats Again Question War Victory Under
6. O. P as Illinois Fires Opening Compoqn Gun

the House Foreign Affairs Com
mittee.
Let US look at Mr.. Martins
record" said Mr.. Ewing. TN the
first session of the Seventy sixth
Congress, Mr.. Martin voted
against an appropriation to for
tify the Island Of Guam. He also
voted to recommit the bill for
providing for the additional de-
4 lenses Of the Panama Canal. He
voted to retain the arms embargo.
He voted against the Lease-Lend
Act. He voted against the ex-
tension of the selective service
and against arming American
merchant ships"
OF Mr.. Fish's record, Mr..
Ewing was even more critical,
and he added that every voter
who casts ballot for a
Republican candidate for Con-
gress this fall must realize he
Is indirectly supporting Joe Mar
tin for Speaker and Hamilton
Fish for chairman Of the Foreign
Affairs Committee"
The position of the Republi-
cans today is little short of
pathetic" MIR. Ewing continued.
Having fought most of. the
measures advocated by the Pres
ident to prepare this country
for war, they now undertake to
criticize him for our not being
more adequately prepared"
Charles Nicholson, director of
publicity for the Democratic Ma
tional Committee, in his most re-
cent column, wrote in the same
strain. He said: Had our de-
partments been permitted to for
tify Guam adequately, for in
stance. that Pacific outpost would
still be an American base in a
section of the world where it
would be Of the utmost conse-
quence in checking the Japs. Had
the st. Lawrence waterway been
started when the President first
called for 1t, we would now be
pouring out war craft and cargo
ships from safe shipyards to re-
place losses by submarine sink
ings in the Atlantic"
Here is the line of attack which
the Democrats plan to use in the
campaign to defeat the Repub-
icans at the polls. The G. o. p.
has yet to sketch its counter
Evening star., 1942-04-14

good measure. The latter Is q
knockdown and dragout battle be-
tween Senator Guffey and Attorney
General Biddle. Senator Guffey al.
ready was bitterly at war with the
so-called State Committee Group
Of Democrats, headed by former
State Chairman and present Ma
tional Committeeman David Law.
renee. Now the Democratic i'm
broglio has become three e-cornereo
with no one of the factions on speak.
ing terms with either of the others
Senator Guffey's gubernatorial
candidate is Judge Ralph H. Smith
Of Pittsburgh. Mr.. Lawrence's col
ors are carried by the present State
auditor general, C. Clair Ross. who
also is indorsed by the Democratic
State Central Committee. Mr.. Bid.
die, whom Senator Guffey ha,
charged with trying to take the
party over in behalf of the so
cialites," now is backing Luther
Harr, q former ex-university pro-
fessor, after failing to persuade Will
liam c. Bullitt, former Ambassador
to Russia and France, to enter the
contest.
Row Caused 1888 Defeat.
A similar intra-Democratic row
in 1898 doomed that party to over
whelming defeat, and the same al
most certainly would occur this
year except for the fact that the
Republicans are embroiled in an
equally hot contest.
Senator Davis, heretofore the
quietest and least combative mouse
in the whole field Of American
politics. has dared to announce for
the governorship In defiance of the
bosses Of his party, all and sundry.
After failing in an attempt to
scare Senator Davis out by bring
ing a whole flock of candidates in
against him, the machine finally
has concentrated on q typical old
political warhorse. Mai. Gen. Ed
ward Martin.
This Republican split really goes
back to the ignominious part played
by the numerically powerful Penn
sylvania delegation in the national
convention at Philadelphia in 1910
Pennsylvania had past reputation
for turning the tide in tightly drawn
contests for Republican presidential
nomination.
Boies Penrose, speaking over the
telephone from a sick bed. was cred
tied with making Warren G. Hard
ing the candidate in 1920, and An
drew w. Mellon turned the same
trick in behalf of Herbert Hoover
in 1928. The triumvirate of Penn
sylvania bosses-Joseph N. Pew,
Evening star., 1942-04-14
BY CONSTANTINE BROWN.

Although less spectacular than
the naval battle Of Java, the bat
tie Of Palk Strait, which separates
Ceylon from India, was the most
important naval engagement in
this war. The battle ended last
Friday with the British conceding
naval supremacy in the Indian
Ocean to the Japanese.
The naval tragedy in the Bay
Of Bengal was in keeping with
the record Of the United Nations,
which are unable for the time be-
ing to concentrate a sufficiently
strong striking force anywhere to
deliver q telling blow.
The British have suffered heavy
losses since the outbreak of the
war. But. in view Of the power
full navy they had from the out
set, these could not have jeop-
Evening star., 1942-04-14
KuIorumu Association
Closes Civic Season

The Kalorama Citizens Associa-
ton last night decided to suspend
activities IS . group until the fall
season. Milton B. Zeiler, president,
explained that practically every
member Is busy in defense work,
which must take precedence"
Evening star., 1942-04-14
BY GOULD LINCOLN.

The political campaign which
is to wind up next November
with the election of a new House
Of Representatives, one-third of
the Senate membership and
many Governors and other State
officers, gets under way today
with the first State nominating
primary in Illinois. To spur the
political activity still further, the
Republican National Committee
is to meet in Chicago Monday
for q huddle on organization
plans and probably issues over
which to make the race.
II the Republicans required
any further encouragement to
launch a brisk campaign, they
got it in q speech delivered last
night in Seattle, not by q Re-
publican, but a Democrat. Oscar
r. Ewing, assistant chairman of
the Democratic National Com
mittee, told q jackson Day"
dinner in that city that II know
Of no surer way to lose this war
than to repeat that experience
(the election of a Republican
House in 1918 during the First
World War when President
woodrow Wilson was in the
White House,. The election of
1910 decided which party will
control the presidency and Sem
ate until January, l945. The
declaration of war made it i'm
perative that the House Of Rep
Evening star., 1942-04-14
Sergeant and 7 Privates
Retired From D. {. Police

Retirement Of a detective sergeant
and two privates from the police
force was approved yesterday by the
Commissioners.
They are Detective Sergt. George
z. Thornton, 81. with 1s years serv-
ice in the department; Pvt. Avonia
H. Cochran, As. Of about IS years'
service. and Pvt. Ewing A. Murray,
So, Of 80 years service.
All are retired for physical dis
ability incurred in line of duty as
of April 30.
Evening star., 1942-04-14
Nordic Choir Sings to Aid
Sale of Defense Bonds

Making their second appearance
while in Washington In aiding the
sale Of Defense stamps and bonds,
members Of the Duluth (Minn)
Nordic Choral Ensemble gave Sc
lection Of American, Norwegian and
Swedish songs on the steps of the
Treasury Building yesterday. They
sang at Constitution Hall Sunday
afternoon.
Maj. Gordon Hittenmark deliv-
cred . plea for buying Defense
stamps and bonds.
Evening star., 1942-04-14
Pennsylvania Politics
Old Feuds Revived in Governorship Fight
With New One Added for Good Measure

Joseph Grumpy and Ernest T.
Weir-were all set to repeat these
performances in 1910.
Their scheme was to hold their
delegation to Gov. Arthur H. James
until tight deadlock developed and
then swing 1t to the candidate who
offered them the best terms.
Two circumstances defeated this
strategy. First, Gov. James be-
came obsessed with the idea that
he might win for himself and re-
fused to release the delegation. Sec
ondly, group Of young Turks among
the Pennsylvania delegates jumped
on the band wagon of Wendell L.
Willkie. The result was that the
machine controlled wing of the
States representation missed the
boat completely.
This led in turn to fued between
Mr.. Pew and Mr.. Willkie that con-
tinued until election day. In the
end President Roosevelt carried the
State by nearly 5000 and Senator
Guffey's margin of victory over Jay
Cooke, the Pew-Grundy-Weir Sc
lection for Senator, was almost as
large.
Davis Pulls Surprise.
1t was more or less inevitable that
the bad blood thus engendered
should extend into the Republican
primary campaign this year. The
one surprise Is that Senator Davis,
who has been nothing II not a will
ing camp follower of the machine
through all Of his 20 years of con-
tinuous ONCE holding. should
emerge in the twilight of his career
as q roaring insurgent.
"Puddler Jim," as he delights to
be called, first arose to national
prominence as President Hardings
Secretary of Labor because it was
felt a man holding a union card
must be chosen for that place, and
Republican union laborites were as
scarce as hens teeth. He held on
through the administrations of
Presidents Coolidge and Hoover. un-
til he was elected Senator, for this
same reason.
Whenever these Presidents had
any real job to do in the labor field
they assigned some other member
Of the cabinet to take 1t over. Mr..
Davis was . figurehead member of
the cabinet and even more he has
been . figurehead Senator. Not
once has he handled q bill on the
Senate floor, nor can any bill, or
even an amendment, be remembered
to- which his name was attached.
But Pennsylvania political best
guessers are predicting today that
Senator Davis will be nominated and
elected Governor and name his own
successor as Senator. This is so, say
the prophets. for the very reason
that Senator Davis Is the first can
didate who has appeared since Gif-
ford Pinchot, twice elected Gov
ernor, whom all Of the States
bosses, both Republican and Demo-
cratic. are Enthusiastically against.
The voters are for him because he
offers an opportunity to rid the
State at one stroke of dictation by
Mr.. Pew. Mr.. Grundy, Mr.. Weir,
Senator Guffey, Mr.. Lawrence and
Mr.. Biddle.
AS for Senator Davis administra-
ton once he Is elected, well, 1t hard
ly could be worse than many other
gubernatorial administrations Penn
sylvania has been compelled to put
up with.
Evening star., 1942-04-14

real problem
the grinding of
small business
men between the
upper milestone
of price rigidity
imposed by the
official price ad-
ministrator and
the neither mill
stone of wage
increases sane
toned by the
Nat ION al War
Labor Board.
Evening star., 1942-04-14

resentatives which we will elect
this fall be of the same political
faith. If 1t should be otherwise,
we will have indescribable chaos
and confusion in government"
Calls for One Party Control
Mr.. Ewing explained that this
is not because the Republicans
are any less patriotic than the
Democrats. But he maintained
that 1t was necessary to have one
political party control both
houses of Congress as well as
the presidency. If there was to
be efficiency in government and
in the conduct of the war. In
deed, he went 50 far as to say
that If the situation was reversed
and the Republicans had the
presidency and the Senate, he.
a Democrat, would be in favor Of
the reelection of a Republican
House under these war condi-
tionS.
This, apparently, is to be main
contention of the Democrats in
the coming campaign. Chairman
Edward J. Flynn Of the Demo-
cratic National Committee, it
will be recalled, said last winter
that Republican victory in the
congressional elections this year
would be equivalent to q major
military defeat for American
arms. -
That kind of argument does not
appeal, however, to the Repub-
licans. Indeed, they insist that
this is not a Democratic war,
but war in which every Ameri-
can is engaged-Republicans as
well as Democrats-and that a
Republican House would back up
the war effort of the President
just as strongly as Democratic
House.
The Republicans resent the call
for an election of q Democratic
House on the ground that it is
needed to win the war. There
seems little doubt, however, that
if the Republicans were in con-
troll Of the Government today
they would make the same kind
of argument as the Democrats
are making-that they be not
deprived of control of the House.
Attacks G. O. p. Policies.
Mr.. Ewing, however, did not
stop with this general statement
that for efficiency the various
branches Of the Government
must be controlled by one party.
He launched into an attack upon
the Republicans and their poll
cies, dating back to the days OF
Woodrow Wilson.
For many years. he said, most
of the Republicans have advo-
Gated a foreign policy COM
pletely out of line with the best
interests of the country" He
said they defeated the League of
Nations and adopted a strictly
isolationist policy. called the
Washington Arms Conference in
1922 and sank the best part
of the American Navy, starved
the Army and the Navy during
three administrations, in order
to lower the income taxes, and
have opposed everything Presi-
dent Roosevelt has advocated in
the way of foreign relations.
If the Republicans carried the
House next fall, he said, they
would elect Representative Joe"
Martin of Massachusetts, as
Speaker of the House, and Rep
resentative Hamilton Fish of New
York would become chairman Of
Evening star., 1942-04-14

Miss Marian l.. White, treasurer,
read q report compiled by Karl A.
Smith, chairman of the associations s
Salvage Committee. regarding the
salvage problem as an important
phase of the war effort. Mrs. Har-
vey M. Wiley advised the organiza-
tion of the progress being made by
the four feeding units of the area.
The meeting was held at the John
Quincy Adams School, with Mr.. lei
Ter presiding.
Evening star., 1942-04-14

tie In Pennsyl-
vania, just now
getting u n d e r
way for pri-
maries to be
held on May 10.
AL of the old
factional feuds
that have made
the States poll
tics the stencil
of the Nation in
years past are in
full swing with
at least one new
nrn adIoH for
Evening star., 1942-04-14

of this ancient
Scottish torture
to visualize the
day when there
won't be a stick
left for them TO
swing and they
will be able to
give up a sport
W h ich h as
thwarted and
twisted 80 many
lives.
1t has been
estimated that
Evening star., 1942-04-14
McLemore-
New Golf Club Bon
Or, Pity the Enemy
Nv HENRY McLEMORE.

The manufacture of golf clubs has
been stopped by the War Production
Board, plunging some 1000, 900 low
ers of the game into happiness.
1t is now possible for the followers
Evening star., 1942-04-14

The opinions OF the writers this their
necessarily The Stars Such optnios presented
Stars EFFORT to gDe all sides OF questions of
readers although such opinions may contradictory among
themselves and directly opposed to The Stars
Evening star., 1942-04-14
BY JAY G. HAYDEN.

II there is doubt that politics as
usual" continues in spite Of war all
around the globe, 1t will be dispelled
by q look at the gubernatorial bat
Evening star., 1942-04-14
Labor Case
Probe Urged
On Congress
Threat to Small
Business Seen in
Bourd Order
BY DAVID LAWRENCE.

Members of Congress have been
shedding tears over the plight of
the small businessman but have
been doing very little to tackle the
Evening star., 1942-01-13
In Capital Letters
By Mona Dngas

will have
Minister
Minister Legation Vladimir Hurban will
Friday night distinguished and
Saturday will hold reception
listed for M
including Friday which Women Club will
Twentieth
Guilds Amas
When the diplomatic list issued by the State Department.
found the staff members
listed
the Legation has been raised Counselor and Dr. Vladimir
Palic, IN S Secretary.
the Tor
Thursday
guest of honor at cocktail party given by Hans Oav at
at he Norwegian Legation
interesting the Capital last evening
the Crown Prince and Princess Of
McCo Embassy Mrs
mission Gabriel the mission several
including Air Marshal Charles
Thornton.
Club yesterday
little with fortunes
five
admitted
mottos read, too subtle to understand
Evening star., 1942-01-13
Millers Will Give
Dinner Tonight
Before Concert

The Chief Justice and Mrs. Harlan
Fiske Stone will be among those
dining this evening with Mr. and
Mrs. Adolph Caspar Miller before
going on to- the Constitution Hall
| concert by the Philadelphia Orches-
ira, which Arturo Toscanini will
. conduct.
Mrs. Roosevelt and the Vice Pres
ident and Ms. Wallace will be
others in an a ldience, which prom
iseS to be one of the most brilliant
Of the musical ssason. Mrs. Roosevelt
and her party will occupy the White
House box. while with the Wallaces
will be Mr.. VILLAGES brother-in-law
and sister, the Swiss Minister and
Nine. Charles Bruggmann. The
Secretary of tte Treasury and Mrs.
Morgenthau also will have guests.
Mr.. and Mr., r. E. Barclay OF the
British Embassy will. be with Mr..
and Mrs. Starley Woodward, while
Mrs. Edwin N. Watson will be in
her accustomed place The As
sistant Secretsry of State and Mrs.
Adolf A. Berle jr.; the former AM
bassador to ia oan and Mrs. William
R. Castle ant the Brazilian Am
bassador and Senhora de Martins
are other bolholders from diplo-
matte circles.
The Red Cross group will be we'll
represented in the tier by Miss
Mabel T. Boaidman, her sister, Mrs.
Frederic A. Keep; Mrs. Dwight
Davis and Mrs. Bruce Smith.
Evening star., 1942-01-13
Suburban Social Notes
Mrs. Harold Kennedy Entertains
At Bridge Luncheon Today

Mrs, Harold Kennedy entertained
at luncheon and bridge today, when
her guests were Mrs. Herbert Cow
ard. Mrs. c. w. Minear, Mrs W. E.
Crouch. Mrs. B. M. Bridwell Mrs.
James w. Brown, Mrs. Harold j..
Spelman and Mrs. Felix Moore
Mrs. John E. Boland and her
daughter. Miss Joyce Boland, have
returned to Falls Church from trip
to Roanoke. where they visited Mrs.
J. E. English.
Miss Rosalynd Smith OF Falls
Church gave a dinner dance Satur-
day evening. when her guests were
Miss Jean Ransom. Miss Charlotte
Smith. Miss Joan Snackenberg, Miss
Mary Craig Hunter. Miss Margaret
Smith, Mr.. Donald McCaskill. Mr..
James Spelman. Mr. Victor Ingra-
ham, Mr., William Pryor, Mr.. Will
liam Hardy and Mr.. John Grimes.
Mrs. Laurie F. Hess and her small
daughter, Carol Hess, who have
been with Mrs. Hess parents. Mr..
and Mrs. Jesse E. Swigart, in Som
erset. Md, for the past week. left
yesterday to join Capt. Hess. on
duty in Louisiana.
Mrs. Guy Tomlinson OF Atlanta,
Ga. arrived in Drummond, Md.
Evening star., 1942-01-13
Bryn Mawr Club
List of PatrOneSSeS
For Lecture Grows

Lady Halifax has added her name
to the list of patronesses for the
forthcoming lecture by Vincent
Sheean, according to the announce
ment of Mrs. James Lawrence
Houghteling, chairman of the Pa
troneSS Committee for the benefit
to be held at the Shoreham Hote.
on January "a under the sponsor
ship of the Bryn Mawr Club OF
Washington.
Other distinguished women who
have accepted are Sonora de
Michels. wife of the new Chilean
Ambassador: Mrs William o. Doug
las. wife of Mr.. Justice Douglas of
the Supreme Court; Mrs Cordell
Hull, Nine. Bostrom, wife of the
Minister of Sweden: Mrs. Ralph w.
Close, wife of the Minister of the
Union of South Africa, and the
Secretary of Labor, Miss Frances
Perkins.
Also. Mrs. J. Borden Hartman
Mrs. Archibald MacLeish. Mrs. Will
bur j. Carr, Mrs. Clifford Pinchot
Mrs. Eugene Meyer, Mrs. George C
Marshall, Mrs Robert Winthrop
Kean, Mrs. Mark Hersey. Mrs. Philip
Marshall Brown. Mrs. Levi Cooke
Mrs Harry Garfield, Mrs. Clifford
D. Mallory, Mrs. Edward B. Meigs
Mrs. Henry Pitts, Miss Carold Pres
ton. Mrs. George Rublee, Mrs
Swagar Sherley and Mrs. David l.
Wing.