davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-11-19

JILL OCllhll1S, VIII lIllSllG Uc ally
average American, runs the gen.
eral store at Oak Corners. His IA
ther used to run 1t. Jims grand
father started it, back in 1874. And
Jim, getting along In years now, no.
ticed that he wasn't receiving the
stock requirements that used to
reach him on the dot. Certain ar
ticles would be missing. And some
times, when the jobber In the city
promised shipment, it would be
weeks instead of days, arriving.
Help Comes and Goes.
Jim's boy, who helped run the
place, is in the Army One of the
hired boys enlisted in the Navy.
The other went up to Detroit and
got a good Job. Jim hired Sally
Simpson. up the road, but she got
a civil service rating and went to
Washington. He couldn't seem to
find anybody else.
He and his wife, who isn't very
strong, did their best. but they were
hard put to wait on the customers
and spread themselves over the
hours they were accustomed to stay
ing open. The stock dwindled until
they were nearly always out of
something customer wanted.
Fewer customers came, and not so
many Of the older men dropped In
evenings to settle the war strategy
and make the peace terms.
People began to say, Reckon old
Jim's slipping" and the word
reached Jim. They didn't under
stand.
I'm afraid" he told his wife one
night, well have to close up and
let folks go up to Centerville for
their stuff"
Felt Everywhere.
The plight Of Jim Jenkins and
of thousands like him drifted across
the land to Capitol Hill. For it
wasn't only merchants in the quiet
er hinterland who were affected. In
the wars nerve center, Washing
ton, storekeepers were having the
same trouble. So were those scat
tered from Boston to San Francis
CO. Wholesalers couldn't supply
their customers.
Small manufacturers felt thy had
something to contribute to tre war,
but they couldn't seem to get start
ed. They couldn't BIZ on dig con-
tracts and didn't kfow low to 60
about getting a sDee Of those con-
tracts-there was rIaze of red
tape to unwind and oil sorts Of re-
quirements the!t wee afraid they
couldn't meet.
Special committees in both houses
of Congress tackled the big prob
Evening star., 1942-11-19
z Deer Killed (by AutosD
As Hunters Open Season

BY the Associated Press.
WHITE PLAINS, N. Y-Swarms
of hunters secured Westchester
County's hills on the first day Of
the hunting season, but the weapons
were restricted by law to bows and
arrows.
When the day ended only two
deer were reported killed-and not
by arrows.
They were run over by automo-
biles!
Evening star., 1942-11-19
RAF Hits Turin Hard
In Month S Fifth Raid
Without Losing Plane
Heavy Bombers Streak
Across Alps and Pound
Bio Arms Plants
BY the Associated Press.

By the Assocfated Press. 50
LONDON, Nov. 19.-Britain's
heavy four-motored bombers
streaked across the Alps last
night and delivered another
heavy blow at Italy, choosing the
big Fiat works at Turin for their
chief target, the Air Ministry an
nounced.
With clear skies to aid them, the
Raj bombers accomplished good
results" on this. the fifth. big raid on
Italy this month, without the loss OF
plane, the official announcement
stated.
Last night aircraft of the bomber
command attacked the Fiat works
and other targets at Turin. The sky
over Northern Italy was clear and
the crews report good results. None
of our aircraft Is missing" the COM
munique said.
10th Attack on Turin.
The Italian high command re-
ported considerable damage to ci-
william houses" some fires in Turin,
"a dead and So wounded. The COM
munique made no claim of downing
any of the raiders. It said the fires
were quickly controlled.
Turin is an airplane, motor car
and machine producing city on the
Pc River, the chief seat of industry
in Italy. 1t was last raided by the
Raj on October % and %. .-.
The royal arsenal, the fat en-.
gine works and a branch Of the
Caproni works are among military
targets of the city, which had been
attacked 20 times during the war.
The raid by home-based British
bombers entailed another 1,50O-mile
round trip and two crossings OF the
Alps.
Air Raid Alarms Sounded.
In the four previous raids of No.
vember, the target was Genoa,
Northern Italian naval base and in
dustrial port, which has a key part
In supplying the Axis forces in tho
North African campaign.
Southeast coast observers reported
that heavy bombers had crossed the
English Channel there in a steady
procession for 10 minutes last night,
Evening star., 1942-11-19
Machinery Set Up
10 Find Contracts for
Small War Plants
Nationwide Field
Organization Completed: j.:
Other Agencies Aiding

Lou E. Holland, head of the War
Production Boards Smaller War
Plants Division and chairman Of
the Smaller War Plants Corp, an
nounced today, completion of a Ma
tion-wide field organization through
which he hopes to. obtain an in
creasingly large number of war con-
tracts for small manufacturers.
He said the procurements agencies
of the Army, Navy and Maritime
Commission were cooperating with
his organization very nicely" in
helping to place these contracts.
Asked whether the reluctance of
some procurement agencies to give
contracts to little plants had been
overcome, Mr.. Holland replied, Not
entirely. There still is some reluc-
tance, but it Is gradually overcome" p"
II am sorry to say" Mr.. Holland
told a press conference, that the
Murray-Patman Act was about 18
months too late
Mr.. Holland referred to the act
setting up the organization he heads,
and he explained that he meant
many more small businesses could
have been saved If Congress had
acted sooner. He said he had tried
to get some such agency established
as early as November, 1910. He
had pointed out, he reNlled, that it
was better to take work to men than
men to work, and that thousands of
the smaller shops were ready to pro-
duce essential things and by utiliz-
ing them the Government could pre-
vent housing problems and economic
disturbances in communities.
Organization Complete.
But our organization is complete
now" Mr.. Holland emphasized. I'VE
are operating and are leaving no
stone unturned to save every small
manufacturing plant and machine
shop that can be saved"
Mr.. Holland said the Smaller War
Plants Division recently had placed
80 contracts averaging s407 900 each,
and that only yesterday $18,OOO,O0O
worth of business for small firms was
made possible, IF our recommends
tions are followed"
Mr.. Holland added that while
iaison with the procurement agen-
cies Of the Government was not vet
perfect, and there still were rough
spots," rapid progress was being
made In ironing out difficulties and
smoothing the way for the smaller
plants to get more and more busi-
ness.
Mr.. Holland said he believed that
II the small concerns of the country
could obtain between 10 and Is per
cent Of the war contracts every such
plant capable Of doing essential work
would be employed.
Few Requests Received.
Mr.. Holland said the Smaller War
Plants Corp. had advanced only
small amount" to concerns that
need financing to do war work. But,
he added, surprisingly few requests
for aid had come to the corporation.
He said he thought that in most in
stances reputable firms were having
no trouble getting money from their
banks or other private lending
agencies. ...-
Outside Of winning the war, Mr..
Holland declared, small business lis
the most important thing confront
ing the American people at this
time"
Under the organiza tional setup
announced today, II district Offices
have been set up-in Boston, New
York, Philadelphia, Atlanta, Cleve-
land, Chicago. Kansas City, Dallas,
Denver, San Francisco, Detroit and
Minneapolis.
Evening star., 1942-11-19
Duck Hunters Put Guns
Aside to Harvest Beets

BY the Associated Press.
DENVER.-Six Denver residents
were duck hunting. They reached
their favorite spot, took q gander
at neighboring field and saw that
Farmer Eldon Wagner needed help.
They put their shotguns aside.
pitched in and helped harvest Is
tons OF beets.
Evening star., 1942-11-19
ong-Distonce Call
Only Burglary Clue
Z fha lrraeia&AA

By the Associated Press.
YAKIMA, Wash.-D. F.. Morgan's
home was burglarized during his two
weeks absence.
There Is one clue: His telephone
bill shows some one put in a long
distance call while he was away.
Evening star., 1942-11-19
Book Fair Planned

The Mothers Club of the Rock
vile Elementary School will sponsor
a book fair at 2 pm. tomorrow at
the school. Ellis Creole, author of
juvenile works. will speak. and Vesta
Eales will exhibit books for children
Of all ages.
Evening star., 1942-11-19
Thieves Steal Truck
With $50 Lbs. Coffee
BY the Associated Press.

BY the ASSOCIATED Press.
CHICAGO The thieves who
stole Chester Ciewski's truck prob
ably won't have to worry about cof-
fee rationing for long, long time.
Mr.. Ciewski told suburban Oak
Park police that 900 pound cans OF
coffee were In his truck.
Evening star., 1942-11-19
Northwestern Alumni Dinner

The Northwestern University
Alumni Club of Washington will
hold dinner meeting at $50 pm.
tomorrow at the Cosmos Club in
honor of DR.. Franklin Bliss Snyder,
president of the university.
Evening star., 1942-11-19
BY CARTER BROOKE JONES.

In the months that followed Pearl Harbor drastic
began ering into paths remote from
Washington and the turbulence of production
began to feel it,
Evening star., 1942-11-19
Small Business
Congress Explores Legal Steps
To Aid Little Businessmen
Millions Already Authorized for Loans
To Halt Drying Up Of Stores and Plants

(Ts the second OF of articles
Dhich American small business
Which being taken by Federal
themseUes)
Evening star., 1942-11-19

DENvER-BOY HERO JOINS NAvY-Bryan Untiedt 0eft) a.
acclaimed boy hero in 1881 for keeping alive Is
school chums trapped in bzzardstaed school bus
Towner Colo enlisted in the Navy yesterday carpenters
mate first class Bryan Is shown signing his enlistment papers
with Ensign Starr Yelen, Denver recruiting onicer.
a P. Wlrephoto
Evening star., 1942-10-21
Compulsory Purchase
0fWar Bonds Urged
Expert
DR.. Thomas Hitch Would
Delay Repoyments to
Avert Postwar InfIotion
BY the Associated Press.

A Commerce Department expert
yesterday suggested compulsory War
bond purchases to finance the war
on pay-as-we-f fight plan, repay
ment of the money after the war
to be Withheld long enough to avert
a potential initiation boomerang.
Otherwise, DR.. Thomas K. Hitch
OF the Bureau of Foreign and Do
mestic Commerce said a postwar
consumer buying spree made pos
sible by widespread redemption of
savings certificates could have an ex-
plosive effect in markets partly de-
pleted of goods"
Also advocating heavier taxation,
Mr.. Hitch said in an article written
for the October issue of Current
BuSiness-a Commerce Department
publication-that the Nation already
was paying for the war materially" :"
since about one half of national
production had been swung into the
war effort, taking many civilian
products off the market.
In an interview yesterday DR..
Hitch said he did not refer to
existing bonds, "but to bonds which
might be issued-or postwar tax
refunds"
1--WE can pay for the war now
financially as we'll as materially, "
DR.. Hitch wrote, adding that as
goods are diverted to war needs
the money which normally would
have been spent for them can like
wise be diverted"
However, he added, unless the
money so diverted into the Treas
ury's war chest ''is immobilized by
one of number of possible means
imitation will remain a potential
threat, particularly in the imme-
diate postwar period when the
need for restraints on spending will
be less well appreciated by the
public"
DR.. Hitch said that at the end
of the war, before production had
been given time to build upedepleted
civilian markets, if the bonds held
by the public were Immediately re-
deemed and the money spent, in
f1ation would not have been pre-
vented but rather given a delayed
punch effect.
Evening star., 1942-10-21
Draft Boards Not Bound
By Essential Jobs List
BY the Associated Press.

Selective service officials empha-
sized yesterday that classification of
essential occupations in communi-
cations service, including newspa-
pers, was intended to guide local
draft boards in considering occu-
pational deferments, but in no sense
was binding.
AS to newspapers, an official said
that "the publishing of newspapers
and the maintenance of their equip
ment" was regarded as an essential
activity. However, before a news
paper employe can be deferred, the
employer must show that he is per-
forming a function essential to the
papers continued operation, and
that it is difficult or impossible to
replace him.
These tests would be applied. he
said, to any employe whose defer
ment was requested by newspaper,
though the list published Monday
mentioned specifically only manag-
ing editors and war correspondents
among the news staff. Since there
is no such thing as blanket defer
ment for any type of activity, the
newspaper would be required to
show that its managing editor could
not be replaced.
Consideration will be given to de-
ferment of war correspondents only
when they are certified as such by
the War or Navy Department..
Evening star., 1942-10-21
Nozi High Command Charges
British Attacked Red Cross Post

The German charge apparently is
an attempt to weaken Britain's stand
in the issue raised when Germany
began shackling prisoners OF war
The British contended then that the
Germans were violating a Geneva
agreement against such practices.
The German charge in this in
stance was:
The German supreme command
announces:
During daytime Of October 20
British fighter -bombers operating on
the North African front attacked a
German main dressing station
clearly marked with the red cross.
The operating tent was destroyed.
Wounded and the sanitary staff suf-
fered casualties
This means that the British are
continuing to adhere to an attitude
which is contrary to interna tional
law and that they do not pay any
considera ton to the most primitive
rules Of humanity"
Evening star., 1942-10-21
Miss Washington Of 1912
Will Be Married Today

Marilyn Maxim, Miss Washing
ton" at the Atlantic City beauty
pageant last September, was to be
married today in Muskogee, Okla
to her "home town sweetheart" :"
Pvt. Paul Robson of Fort Wayne,
Ind.
Miss Maxim, who came from Fort
Wayne l8 monthse ago to work in
the War bonds division of the Of
f1ce Of Chief of Finance in the War
Department., met the bridegroom
to-be back home two years ago-on
blind date.
Mr.. Robson then was a machinist
with a gas pump manufacturing
concern. He enlisted in January
and now is stationed with the field
artillery at Camp Gruber, Okla,
near Muskogee.
The brides parents, who live here
at 9 Windlass Green S.W., say she
plans to reside in Muskogee.
Evening star., 1942-10-21
Routine session.

family of IL children. He made hts
way largely by his own efforts,
working in the daytime and study
ing in night school. He is an at
torney.
At one time he was executive Sec
retary to Mayor Broening, a Re-
publican. He Is huStling CAM
paigner, a good speaker and has
made many addresses before politi-
cal, business and fraternal organi-
cations throughout the State.
Both sides are disturbed by an
apparent lack Of interest in the COM
ing elections. The vote in the pri-
mary elections was very light. The
war, 1t is said. has taken the minds
OF the voters OF politics. 1t has
also removed large bloc Of young
voters.
Evening star., 1942-10-21
Chilean Cabinet Quits,
Rios Promises Quick
Solution Of Crisis
designations Result
From Dispute Over
Relations With Axis
By the Associated Press.

os tiie ASoOCldtc0 IIeSs.
SANTIAGO, Chile, Oct. 21.-'
President Juan Antonio Rios has
promised to solve within the
next 48 hours" a full blown po-
litical crisis, growing out of
Chile's continued diplomatic re-
lations with the Axis, which re-
suited in the resignation of the
cabinet last night.
With the resigna tions OF his Min
listers in his hands, President Rios
was free to appoint a cabinet which
would resolve the smouldering diff
ferences in Chile between forces
favoring -belligerency' and
those demanding a clean break with
the Axis.
This struggle reached its climax
when Foreign Minister Ernesto Bar
ros Jarpa, an advocate of continu-
ing relations with the Axis, charged
that United States Acting Secre-
tary of State Sumner Welles Of
Tended Chile's national dignity re-
Gently by charging that she was
permitting Axis agents to use her
territory as base for hostile acts
against her American neighbors.
Majority Agrees to Resign.
The Foreign Minister had a pro-
test lodged IN Washington over Mr..
Welles' speech and, as a result of
the storm, President Rios postponed
scheduled trip to the United States
to be President Roosevelts guest.
Although generally approving Pres
ident Rios decision to postpone the
trip, his supporters demanded that
Barros resign.
When the Foreign Minister de-
clared he would not consider resign
ing alone, a cabinet majority, which
is known to oppose his conduct of
foreign relations, agreed to resign
together.
1n Bogota, Colombia, the
United States Embassy issued a
statement to the press yesterday
saying that the October speech
of Mr.. Welles was made only
after every other recourse had
been exhausted.
(The statement said Chile had
been notified June 80 of 18 Nazi
agents operating there, but that
Barros did not refer to the mem
orandum for two months after
receiving it,
Democratic political circles ex-
pressed the belief that the appoint
ment of a strong cabinet favoring
complete cooperation in the defense
Of the continent would clear the
way for President Rios to make his
visit to the United States and other
American republics.
1t was pointed out that Presi-
dent Roosevelt expressed the hope
that President Rios visit would be
postponed only short time. Mr..
Roosevelt avoided any reference to
Barros' complaint.
The announcement OF the cabinet
resignation said TT is considered
unanimously that 1t is necessary
to leave the President of the repub-
lie the most absolute freedom of
action so he can resolve the politi-
cal crisis in the manner most con-
venient for the country"
The Central Committee of the So
cialist party, with three members
in the retiring cabinet, instructed
these ministers yesterday to sup
port break with Germany, Italy
and Japan.
Chile and Argentina are the only
American republics maintaining re-
lations with the Axis nations.
Evening star., 1942-10-21
Four Axis Supply Ships
Sunk by British Subs
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
LONDON, Oct. 2l-The sinking OF
four Axis supply ships in the Medi-
terranean by British submarines was
announced today in an admiralty
communique.
Two of the sinkings were credited
two one submarine. They were a
small Axis supply vessel which went
down of the italian coast and
medium size ship which burst into
flame and sank after a torpedo hit
amidships.
The other two were large supply
ship, hit three times from close
range and sunk within two minutes
despite extremely bad weather and
destroyer protection, and q smaller
ship sunk of the Lybian coast.
Evening star., 1942-10-21
OpA Refuses 10 Ease
Gas Rationing Rules
For Trips 10 Florida
But Fuel to Get Home
Will Be Given Persons
Absent Since August n

The Office of Price Administration
today denied that a forthcoming
relaxation of gasoline rationing Tor
away from home Eastern motorists
will permit the annual hegira OF
winter vacationists to Florida.
Under a regulation to be made ef-
fective soon the motorists who were
away from their legal residences on
or before August % will be permits
ted enough gasoline to get to their
homes, an OPA spokesman SAID.
Previously the home-departure date
was May Is.
A delegation Of Florida officials,
headed by Gov. Holland, left here
this week after petitioning OPA and
Transportation Director Joseph B.
Eastman for a special dlspensatlon
for tourists to Florida and other
Southern winter resorts.
Plea Under Amusement"
But the best they could accom-
plish, according 70 Senator Pepper,
Democrat, of Florida. was promise
that the matter would be taken
unQer aQVlSemPnI
The OPA spokesman said the ex-
tension for away-from home drivers
is not to be construed as conces-
sion to any certain State or area.
Extra gasoline will be permitted only
for a motoriSt to make a trip to his
legal residence.
The spokesman said the new
regulation would set the date at
August % because that was the
effective date of the last extension
of the Eastern rationing area. The
regulation probably will be part
of the new orders governing Nation
wide gasoline ratloning which will
become effective November %.
Florida, through Senators Pepper
and Andrews, mas sought a ration
concession for winter vacationists
as an economic measure of ma
tional interest"
Would Save Fuel Oil.
! The trip to Florida. Senator An
drews said, would consume about 60
gallons of gasoline, whereas to main
tain household in the North a
! family OF the average size would
burn about 1,400 gallons of heating
fuel.
Senator Pepper said that this con-.
sideration was placed before OPA,
but OPA maintains that the rubber
shortage is another factor that cam
not be ignored.
Florida, Senator Pepper said, was
thankful for OPA's extension Of
the away-from- home date. but he
added he did not consider this pend
ing action as special consideration
to his or any other particular State.
Evening star., 1942-10-21

Army Authorizes
for 1900
To Work in Mines
Shortage Of MetoIs
Endoneerine War Effort
Prompts Move

Undersecretary Robert P. Patter-
son disclosed today that the War
Department has authorized the fur
loughing of 1000 experienced miners
because of the shortage of critical
metals that "endangers our war
program"
The soldiers are being released
from active military service and are
going back to the mines as civilians.
The Army will exercise no control
over their wages, working condi-
tions or. collective bargaining rela-
tionships," Mr.. Patterson said, land
they will not be accountable to the
Army in or out of the mines"
The 1000 miners are being re-
leased. however. to do a specific job.
They will be recalled to active duty
with the armed forces, Mr.. Pat
terson pointed out, If they leave
their jobs in the mines or If the
shortages Of critical ores change in
such a way as to make their Contin-
ued employment unnecessary to the
national welfare.
Reports that the Army was pre-
pairing to release miners have come
from congressional and other sources
recently but today's statement by
Undersecretary Patterson, who is
in charge of the procurement pro-
gram, was the first announcement
from the War Department.
Mr.: Patterson pointed out that
no former miner is being required
to leave the Army to return to his
old occupation. Those who volun-
teer to return to the mines do SO
because they believe, he declared
as the Army believes, that they can
serve the Nation best in that way
Evening star., 1942-10-21
Municipal Officials Urged
To Meet Unions Hallway
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
CLEVELAND, Oct. 21.-State and
municipal officials should prepare
to meet halfway a stronger union
movement among public service en-
ployeS, the American Public Works
Association was told yesterday.
Attempts to frustrate organiza-
tion will only provoke abuses Of
unionism, said Gordon r. Clapp,
general manager of the Tennessee
Valley Authority.
IF, on the other hand, we have
the good sense to remember that
public employees are human beings
no different from employees of pri-
vate enterprise, and if we have the
vision and patience to meet their
ASPIRATIONS halfway, great benefits
can rebound to the public service.
and the taxpaying public" he con-
tinued.
He asserted that AZ cities already
have contracts or working agree
ments with AFL and CIO unions,
exclusive of agreements covering
firemen and public utility workers.!