davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-05-27

iloHlcIiI, lIUII
start to finish. that its entire
outcome depends on us. In Ia
vorable moments we must not
relax; in distressful moments we
must pull ourselves together.
At no moment must our efforts
be affected by our moods.
And we should not be encour-
aged in moods by our Govern
ment-whether optimistic moods
or pessimistic moods. Moods are
the first luxury we must give up.
Wars are won by will and or
ganization, not by moods.
Now, moods and will are both
emotional attributes. But to be
emotionally prepared for a long
war is not the same as planning
to have a long war.
Choice Faced in Planning.
In economic planning for this
war, there is a choice to be
made-whether we shall, for in
stance, build plants whose output
will benefit us in 1914 or 1945, or
whether we shall concentrate on
such processes and possibilities
as will yield us returns this year
and in 1943. For instance, we
need synthetic rubber. We are
told that we can get it from oil
in two to three years, and from
grain in one year. The question
which is cheaper is not decisive.
Decisive is the perspective for the
war. Do We want it for q long
war or short war?
In the military field, we have
to ask ourselves: Shall our great
offensive in the West come in
1912 or 1943 or 1945? In this
forces have to be weighed. 1t is
not a business for a layman to
answer, but We have some history
behind us. At Munich the Allies
won six months postponement
OF the war-by giving up more
than they could gain in six
months.
The rearmament following
Munich, up to the war, was
nothing compared with so excel
lent Czechoslovak divisions,
strong Czech Notifications, and
Russia as an immediate ally. In
three years we have not been
able to make the an-out two
front war which could have been
made instead Of Munich.
When the war began, the west
ern powers, France and England,
settled down to long war. They
made no offensive; indeed, they
made no military move at all.
This was not an emotional deci-
sion, based upon optimism or
pessimism. 1t was an intellectual
decision, based upon q miscalcu-
lation of the tactics Of modern
war.
Evening star., 1942-05-27

Turks feel comparatively safe
against Axis aggression in Asia
Minor, they consider that an at
tack on European Turkey can
not be resisted.
Recent actions of the Nazis
have given the Turkish govern
ment much food for thought. The
Concentration Of Bulgarian
German forces on the Turkish
border has not been denied-or
explained-by Won Papen. His
cordiality to Turkish officials is
suspected by those who know how
the Nazi Ambassador works.
Exhibition to the Turks Of the
films Of the Nazi invasion OF
Europe and Of some of the Ger
man propaganda movies from the
Russian front are strong indica-
tions to the government heads in
Ankara that their neutrality may
soon be a thing Of the past.
Evening star., 1942-05-27
Memorial Day Parade
To Aid Army Relief Fund

Forty cents Of every dollar spent
by the public for seats in the stands
on Constitution avenue for WASH
ington's Memorial Day military pa
rade will go to the Army Emergency
Relief Fund, the War Department
announced late today.
The public stands, with seats for
1900, will face the official reviewing
stand on Constitution avenue, be-
tween Fifteenth and Seventeenth
streets.
Grandstand seats facing the re-
viewing stand will be rs cents and
SIPS, while bieacher seats be Is
cents for children and so cents for
adults. Tickets, the War Depart
ment said, are available at the head
Evening star., 1942-05-27
This Changing World
Offensive at Many Points in Near Eust Feared
As Nozis Moss Units at Turkish Border

and coastal submarines were sent
to Constanta in sections. From
there these ships-labelled "ag-
ricultural machinery"-were sent
to Constantinople, where they
were assembled In the primitive
Turkish navy yards and were
used against the Russian feet in
the Black Sea.
Ankara Is Anxious.
The Turks are growing anxious
over developments in the Bal
kans. They are with the United
Nations at heart, but continue to
fear Nazi invasion. The oily
politeness of the Nazi Ambas-
sador, Franz Won Papen, only
adds to their concern.
Meanwhile, Won Papen's agents
have thrown out hints that der
tag" is near, that the Ankara
government will soon be con-
fronted with the facts, and that
it will not be able to delay de-
claring itself any longer.
This is the last thing the
Turkish government desires to
Go under present circumstances.
The representatives Of the United
Nations are pleased with Turkeys
present stand. They all urge
President Inonu not to yield to
the indirect threats Of the Axis
and point out that there is a
stable British-Free French force
on the borders of Asiatic Turkey
for the purpose Of bolstering re-
sistance of the Turkish armies.
Modern equipment, such as
tanks and planes, has been sent
to Syria and Palestine and could
be rushed across the border in
a short while If the Axis at
tempts to Interfere with Turkeys
territorial integrity.
Feel Safe in Asia Minor.
There are practically no de-
fenses in European Turkey be-
tween Edirne and Istanbul. The
Edirne and Catalca Notifications
are obsolete, and the Turks have
not even attempted to modernize
them after what happened to the
Maginot line and the up-to-date
- Belgian forts.
The army which is stationed
at these garrisons could barely
fight a rearguard action. 1t did
not exceed $4,000 men last De-
cember and it is improbable that
it has increased. Thus, while the
Evening star., 1942-05-27
By CONSTANTINE BROWN.

Nazi forces amounting to ap-
proximately three infantry di-
visions and one tank division
have been withdrawn from Yugo-
slavia and sent to the Bulgarian
Turkish border in the last two
weeks, their places being taken
by Hungarian, Bulgarian and
Italian troops.
Coming at q time when the
Yugoslav guerrilla leader, Gen.
DraJa Mihailovic, is at new
peak Of activity, this withdrawal
Of first-class German soldiers is
regarded by Washington military
observers as an indication that
the German high command is
preparing for an offensive at
many points close to the precious
oil fields of the Near East.
BY concentrating forces at
every likely point OF attack the
Nazi high command hopes to
create confusion In the minds of
Evening star., 1942-05-27
larly II the administration and Con-

larly II the administration and Con-
gress are pressed to do something
about it. There is always the dan
ger to any American enterprise that
the war may end suddenly, where
upon Far Eastern rubber would
come in again, thus running any pri-
vate investment risked in synthetic
rubber. The Government has to
take all the risk as matter Of pub
lie interest, because private COM
panies will not be inclined to gamble,
due to the possible competition from
abroad after the war.
Reproduction Rights Reserved)
Evening star., 1942-05-27
Nozis' Ex-Envoy Here
Rewarded by Hitler

BY the Associated Press.
BERLIN From German Broad.
casts, May 27.-Adolph Hitler
awarded the Knights Cross Of the
War Service Cross yesterday to DR..
Hans Thomson, former German
Charge d'Affaires in Washington.
The citation said the award was
"for special services rendered as a
diplomatic representative Of the
Reich" DR.. Thomson returned to
Europe recently on the diplomatic
exchange ship Drottningholm.
Evening star., 1942-05-27

1t is particularly distressing to
find that, besides insistence upon
pushing forward the social and eco
nomic reforms so dear to the New
Deal hearts, but wholly out Of place
in this critical period, the admin
istration is heavily engaged in the
most practical kind of political
maneuvering. totally unconnected
with the war effort. The recent
encouragement given by the Presi-
dent himself to the evil Hague ma
chine in New Jersey is sufficient
proof Of this, but there are other
examples coming to light as the
primaries approach.
Perhaps the most glaring are the
campaigns being waged against the
denomination Of two outstanding
Democratic Representatives-Ho
ard Smith of Virginia and Albert
Arnold Gore of Tennessee. Each
of these men has incurred equal
enmity from the labor lobby and
the administration by his effective
independence upon vital domestic
issues which arose during the last
session. Mr.. Smith introduced and
put through the House bills modi-
flying the 40-hour-aweek law, which
the Presidents personal influence
killed in the Senate, but for which
there was a very real sentiment in
the country.
High on Black List.
Mr.. Gore, as far back as last sum-
mer, introduced a price control bill
fixing ceilings for both wages and
farm prices along the Baruch lines
as contrasted to the feeble and in
efectual measure sponsored by the
administration and in which its
own sponsors disbelleved.
1t is true that the administration
now virtually has admitted the
soundneSs of Mr.. Cores proposals
and, at heart the more level headed
among the Presidents aides agree
with Mr.. Smith, though under
White House pressure they publicly
took an opposite stand. However,
the additional sympathy which both
Representatives have shown toward
drastic curtailment Of ncn-war gov
ernmental expenditures has given
them a high place on the New Deal
black list.
At the moment, administration
political strategists are intensely
interested in seeing that neither Of
these men is renominsted. They
are to be "purged." In the case Of
Mr.. Smith, the c. I. o. iS leading the
fight against him in his district, but
they are being supported by New
Deal weight in a thoroughly prac-
tical way, and the administration
organs have launched a disgraceful
smear campaign against him.
Opponent for Gore Sought.
In the case of Mr.. Gore, the labor
leaders are also in the front Of the
opposition, but it is New Deal in
fiuence which is trying to get q
candidate strong enough to beat
him in the primaries. Sergt. Alvin
York is being mentioned In this
connection.
Evening star., 1942-05-27
Government Urged to Treot People as Adults
In Statements on Outlook for Victory

IL seems 10 me CnaC mOSL Amer
leans think today that the pessi-
mistic way of reckoning is the
safer one. So our Government
prepares us for setbacks and en-
durance. And 1t is well to do so
if there are the slightest signs of
relaxation. If, for instance, some
industrialists are figuring that
the war will be short and they
had better begin planning for the
outbreak of peace and rig their
industries to business as usual, =,
they need to be admonished
sharply. But there is no reason
for treating the whole people as
children because Of such would
be chiselers.
Looking at the situation
neither optimistically nor pessi-
mistically, but realistically. it is
obvious that the United Nations
all together are stronger than
they ever have been and that
Germany, at least, is weaker
than she has been. This does not
even depend on the battle of
Kharkov. 1t is an estimation
going far beyond that battle.
And after having heard a
cheerful declaration Of Churchill
and a sanguine statement from
Mr.. Hull, what can be accom-
plished by the warning that
things, after all, are pretty black?
Does 1t mean that any American
ever has thought for a moment
that this war can be won in the
course OF a few months by a
walkover? I cannot believe that
any American thinks so.
There is another fact to this.
This war is being waged by
psychological as we'll as by physi-
cal means. And it's quite i'm
possible to say anything to the
people of America that Is not
known to our enemies.
In Odd Position.
This week we are in the odd
position Of making the same
propaganda as the Axis. We say
things are dark, we can lose the
war, etc. And that comes right
In the moment when We see some
symptoms Of coming disintegra-
tion in Germany. Are we to
allow some retreating indus
trialists-if they exist-to put us
where we stiffen the morale of
the Germans?
The whole Of Europe, not only
Germany. but the occupied coun-
treis, is listening carefully and
asking. Are the Americans really
convinced that the balance of
power has shifted to the United
Nations. and are they really pre-
pairing a decisive blow?" 1t
makes a lot of difference to a
Frenchman If he can expect our
ultimate victory in, let us say,
the spring Of 1943, or at some
more distant date, for instance in
1945. The one estimate steels
him to resist; the other to en-
dure, or even to collaborate.
And for Germany, the answer
either induces hopelessness in
the masses of the people, or the
conviction that they still have
a chance.
So this is an appeal to our
Government to treat US as though
we were grown up, to clamp down
on any slackers, and to count on
the fact that the people want
the shortest possible war and the
greatest possible effort to make
it short.
tReleased by the Bell Syndicate. Inc)
Evening star., 1942-05-27
40 Nazis Die in Wreck

JERUSALEM. May 27 lP).-Forty
German soldiers were killed and 100
injured in a train wreck in Greece,
reliable Balkan informants said last
night. In Athens, 10 Greek hostages
were reported executed following
the ASSASSINATION of three German
guards.
Evening star., 1942-05-27

the Allied general staff as to
exactly where the summer
campaign will be launched.
According to reports from
Turkey, practically all civilian
travel and transportation of ci-
william goods by rail and highway
have been halted for the last
five weeks Both railways and
highways are crowded with troop
trains and military motor trans
ports.
Sub Base Being Built.
The same reports indicate that
at least one first-class repair
factory" for tanks and planes
has been established in Bulgaria,
close to the bulgarian Turkish
border. Unusual activity has
been noted in the ports Of Burgas
and Varna, which have been
completely militarized and are
now in the hands of Nazi naval
officers.
The port of Burgas Is being
transformed into a submarine
base while Varna, like the Ru-
manian port Of Constanta, is said
to be humming with activity.
They are spoken of by the Nazis
as invasion bases against Russia.
The heretofore insignificant
Rumanian navy yard at Galati
on the Danube has been taken
over by the Germans and mod
ern equipment has been brought
to that port, where the river is
deep enough to accommodate
vessels up to 5000 tons.
Although the entire region
around Galati has been declared
a forbidden zone and Is being
guarded by NaZi soldiers and
Gestapo, enough information has
seeped through to indicate that
the NaZis have been building
transports Of about 5000 tons.
These could be moved to the
Black Sea, since the Danube is
navigable, and may form part
of the much -talked-of invasion
fleet"
1t IS probable that a feet Of
small submarines has already ap-
peared in the Black Sea. During
the last war, while Rumania was
still neutral, small torpedo boats
Evening star., 1942-05-27

try and its war
effort Shout d
give the peopls
a definite an
swer.
II the answer
Is yes. then We
citfz ms can
C N scientiously
go about trying
to blend our own
interests with
those of our
country.
If the answer
Evening star., 1942-05-27

OF the Govern
ment. That is a
statement which
admits Of no ar
gument. 1t Is.
therefore, natur-
al to be dis
turbed at evil
dences that 9TH
er matters, In
addition to the
successful prose-
cution OF the
war, occupy the
minds of our
rulers in Wash.
Evening star., 1942-05-27

mean that pleas
ure driving or
waste OF tires
can be safely un-
dertaken. 1t as
sumes that all
eXhortations to-
ward tire con-
servation will be
needed.
One OF tn e
principal diff
culties with the
rubber problem
is that the pub
Evening star., 1942-05-27

W e q X ness Of
the enemy, and
the use OF
e cry hand.
brain, material,
and substitute
material that
this energetic
and ingenious
N a tion can
muster.
In a W a r
like this one,
we must as
sumo at every
Evening star., 1942-05-27
Malta Planes Down
2 Italian Fighters
As Council Meets
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press
VALLETTA, Malta, May 81.
Axis raiders came over yes
terday just as Lord Gort, new
Governor of Malta, sat down to
preside at his first meeting of
the Council of Government.
R. A. F. fighters went up.
downed two italian fighters,
landed without damage to them
selves, and the council meeting
proceeded without further in
terruption.
Evening star., 1942-05-27

THE opinions OF the orers this their not
necessarily The Stars. Such opinions presented
Stars effort to gue all sides OF questions OF interest to its
readers although such opinions be contradictory among
themselves and directly opposed to The Stars
Evening star., 1942-05-27

quarters Of the American Auto
mobile Association and the keystone
Automobile Club.
The War Department announce
ment explained that the Army
Evening star., 1942-05-27
McLemore-
Americans Ready
To Go to Town
By HENRY McLEMORE.

Is it possible to wage an all-out
war and at the same time maintain
the worlds highest standard Of Hv.
ing? The men who run this coun-
Evening star., 1942-05-27

Emergency Relief plans to maintain
a fund of 81 900, 900 constantly avail
able for relief of Army families. The
first $1,000 900 has already been dis
tributed.
Evening star., 1942-05-27
BY FRANK r. KENT.

This war, as Herbert Hoover
pointed out the other day, is dan
gerous enough to require one single,
undertaking purpose upon the part
Evening star., 1942-05-27
On the Record
By DOROTHY THOMPSON.

Neither optimism nor pessi-
mism will win this war, but
meticulous preparation, audacious
action, taking advantage of every
Evening star., 1942-05-27
The Great Game of Politics
New Dealers Seen Moving Political Front Forward
In Effort to Purge Howard Smith and Gore

This is rather shocking state of
affairs. Here are two Democrats
of character, ability and courage.
They have supported the Presidents
foreign policy to the hilt. They
have voted to give him everything
for which he has asked to prosecute
the war. Yet, because they dared
exercise independent judgment on
domestic issues and did not cringe
before the White House frown. the
Presidents labor and political friends
are now engaged in trying to drive
them out of public life, while the
President maintains his non-politi-
cal pose. concentrates on the war
and talks about national unity.
Apparently he is much concerned
about national unity. At least, one
would Judge so from the fact that
he gave that as the reason for re-
leasing the Communist Browder.
There are a considerable number
of people who think that that made
for disunity rather than unity. But.
giving Mr.. Roosevelt full credit for
his belief about .Browder, it is GER
tainly permissible to point out that
q much greater step toward unity
could be taken If he would put an
end to the pernicious political ac-
tivity Of his aides, show his personal
disapproval of this new purge"
campaign and make it clear that he
cherishes no resentment toward
those who, in the exercise of their
right of free thinking, differ with
him on methods, so long as they
support him on the vital issue OF
the war.
Political Front Forward.
These partially concealed admins
tration efforts to defeat Mr.. Smith
and Mr.. Gore are significant of the
attitude of the New Deal group
which believes that the New Deal
political front must be moved for
ward, war or no war. They are
especially offensive because Of the
consistent prating OF administration
publicity agencies about non-par-
tisanship and morale.
If they should succeed. one result
would be to enhance the political
power of the labor leader bullies
who have vowed vengeance against
both of these Democrats. Another
result would be to increase the ad-
ministration yes men in Congress by
making it clear that independence
and character do not pay. A third
result would be to lower the level
of the legislative body-none to high
as 1t Is.
Copyright, 1e42)
Evening star., 1942-05-27
Hope Of Tires
Should Brinq
No Waste
Conservation Seen
Needed Despite
Presidents View
BY DAVID LAWRENCE.

President Roosevelt's assurances
that there will be some kind of tire
substitute available before present
tires are worn too thin does not
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1942-12-24
Nelson Asks War Labor
To Work On New Years S

Washington, ID. G. - Lending en-
phaSlS To the urgency for maximum
employment of the nations labor force,
Donald NJ. Nelson, chairman of the
War Production Board. requested war
production workers to observe normal
working schedules on New Years day.
Ever since Pearl IIarbor" Mr..
Nelson said, 1--WE have asked workers
and management i'm war plants 10 fore
80 their customary holidays in order
TO maintain unbrolien production Sched-
ulcS. The response To these requests
has been remarkably good, and the
effect on production has been excellent
The one exception that has been made
to this rule during the past year has
been in connection with the obSerY-
aucc of Christmas.
New Years day should not cause
u break in the steady flow of produc.
lion We can best start the new year
by staying on the job and getting OUT
Il regular worll-a days production Of
war goods
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1942-12-24
UnifornAgreement
Continued From Page One)

continued From Page OneJ
of the joint session and placing en-
phaSis upon the position of the talifor-
MIA Pottery Guild in their relationship
with the National brotherhood Of
Operative PotterS. He stated the re-
laliOnShip with the brotherhood was
quite satisfactory and the Pottery
Manufacturers had lived TO learn that
such experience had completely dis
PEELED the admonitions of certain en-
ploycr groups in Southern California
who had advised the pottery manu-
iacturerS to refrain from signing
agreements with our union.
Chairman Wood express SSed the
peculiar situation on the coast i'm re
CARDS to pottery manufacturers. While
they appreciate the accomplishments
oi the National brotherhood of Oper-
ative Potters, in collective agreement
with the eastern employers, in the best
interests of all those dependent for
their means of livelihood in the Cali
lornia shops for job opportunities, he
felt they should begin from scratch
and work out their own solution.
Second Vice President Hull i'm ans
wering Mr. Wood pointed out to the
manufacturers the utter folly and i'm
possibility of attempting To disregard
our National Agreement, or to become
Il party 10 agreements which differ
concerning wages and working condi-
lionS. 1t would be impossible to secure
tradeSmpn to work in the different
plants doing the same work under the
jurisdiction of the same organization
for different rates of pay.
Following several caucus sessions
Mr. Wood announced the Pottery Guild
would recognize our National Agree
mcnt and sign IN agreement obligating
the members of the Guild To comply
with same.
The signing of the contract with
the Pottery Guild, marks another
step forward in the Brolherhood' s
progress ON the west coast which is
day by day overcoming non-union
opposition. In addition 10 our Nation
III officials, leadership among the rank
and file, as well as that displayed by
the officials of the various local unions,
has been of such II character as 10
win the confidence of employers.