davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-10-22
Reds Take initiative
In StoIingrod Area
As Nuzis Weaken
BY HENRY C. CASSIDY,


MOSCOW, Oct. %. - Snow
swirled across the steppes of the
Don-Volga corridor today as the
Russians announced recapture OF
several buildings within the in
dustrial area of Northern Stain
grad and a major trench raid
northwest of the city in which
more than 200 Germans were
slain.
Winter was starting to grip Rus
sia's greatest battlefield of 1912. The
steppes were converted into muddy
bogS.
A Pravda dispatch reported an
abrupt shift in the weather, with dry
warmth suddenly succeeded by rain
a cold wave and the first snowfall
of the season.
Whether the snow had reached
Stalingrad was not apparent, but a
Red Star dispatch said rains and
high winds-apparently forerunners
of the steppes storm-hampered
enemy movements there.
Nazi Offensive Slackening.
Russian seizure of the initiative
in the northern suburbs was re-
ported to have come at time when
the Nazi offensive was slackening
to attacks in restricted sectors. All
assaults at the two principal points
of combat, near a north side factory
and a workers settlement, were
reported repulsed.
1zvestia said Russian counter
attack outside Stalingrad had driven
the Germans from an important hill
overlooking the city. Another height
was declared captured through a
Red Army flanking maneuver which
overran two Nazi defense lines.
The noon communique announced
that Soviet troops had broken into
German intrenchments northwest
of the city and had slain more than
200 Germans in and-to-hand fight
ing. A 13,0O0-ton Axis transport
and three auxiliary vessels were re-
ported sunk in the Black Sea.
The diminished attacks on Stalin-
grad were said to have been initiated
from the west, against Red Army
lines formed through the factory
yards, and from the north.
Nazis Numerically Superior.
Pravda said the Germans still held
numerical superiority, sometimes
putting twice as many men as the
Russians into action. The Russians
were said to have adopted the clas-
sical round defense at individual
points where the enemy hit hardest.
Deep snow fell in the mountains
of the Caucasus, where the Ger
mans have begged down in the two
main sectors, the district of Mozdok
and southeast of Novorossisk.
Soviet dispatches said the Ger
mans continued to press numerous
attacks in the foothills without
effect.
In the mountains above them
(See RUSSIA, Page A-2OO
Evening star., 1942-10-22
Flying Fortress Raid
On Sub Base FeIIs
Nine Enemy Planes
Three of Our Bombers
Missing After Bottle
With Nozis at Lorient
By the Associated Press.

LONDON, Oct. 22-Nine enemy
fighters were destroyed by United
States Flying Fortresses in their
raid yesterday on the German
submarine base at Lorient,
France, headquarters of the
United States Army Air Forces
announced today.
Interrogation of the bombing
crews indicated that the enga cement
in which these planes were destroyed
began as the Flying Fortresses
crossed the enemy coast on their
way to the target" said the state
ment, issued by the headquarters of
the 9th Air Force, USAAF.
Formations of F-W 1905 attacked
the bombers and a continuous run
ming battle was fought until the
planes neared the vicinity of Quin-
perle. Three of our bombers are
missing"
Holland Radio Silent.
Both transmitCers of the German
controlled Hilversum radio in Hol-
land went off the air between l and
$3.50 pm. today, the Dutch News
Agency said, indicating that Allied
planes might be in the region
Hilversum, in Central Holland, is in
an area recently hard hit by the
Allies in blows against Nazi rail and
water transport in the Netherlands
An earlier communique on the
Fortress raid had said only that
direct bomb hits were scored on the
target, but reports broadcast by the
Vlchy radio indicated that the raic
had had a devastating effect.
The airdrome at Maupertus, neal
Cherbourg, from which Nazi air.
craft work in cooperation with thu
submarines, was secondary targe
OF the Fortresses.
Nazis Use Bouncing Bombs.
German raiders struck back al
dawn, bombing and machine-gun.
ming a town on Britains southeast
coast and leaving the streets lit.
tered with the debris of dwelling.
and business buildings. Nine bodie.
were recovered from the wreckage
and searchers hunted for others.
The Berlin broadcast of the Ger.
man communique said 'the French
(See FORTRESSES, Page A-2OD
Evening star., 1942-10-22
Chang DiscIoses Plans
To Counterattack Japs

By the Associated Press.
CHUNGKING, Oct. 22.-Gener-
alissimo Chang Kai-shek told the
Peoples Political Council today that
the Chinese armies were making
all possible preparations for a
counteroffensive against Japan.
THE japanese have reached the
peak of their offensive power and
now are on the decline" Chang
said. allied victory is a GER
tainty."
He spoke at the opening meeting
OF the third session of the council
China's nearest approach to g
parliament
Chang declared that Japan's vic
tories in China since last November
had been wiped out by Chinese
counteroffensives.
He added that, although Japan
won victories at the outset OF the
war in the Pacific, she had suffered
a series of setbacks such as those
In the battles of the Coral Sea and
Midway.
"The japanese military leaders
know that their future is exceed
inely dark" he said. Their only
course is to prepare Japan for a
war of attrition. With this end In
view they are seizing the resources
of all occupied territories
Evening star., 1942-10-22
Speeding Plane Output
To Be Wilson's First Task
nv the Associated procs

BY the Associated Press.
New efforts to stimulate war plane
production will be headed up by
Charles E. Wilson, General Electric
Co. president, who was drafted by
Chairman Donald M Nelson recently
to become vice chairman of the War
Production Board.
An informed WPB official said Mr.
Wilson shortly would be assigned
comprehensive authority over the
whole military production program
but will concentrate first on air
craft"
HE will undertake to do a much
more complete job of scheduling the
aircraft industry than ever has been
done before" said this official.
Mr.. Wilson, rated by Mr.. Nelson
one of the country's outstanding
production experts, has never had
his authority formally delineated
though Mr.. Nelson in announcing
his appointment last month said he
would be top production authority. u
The WPB source said he could not
state what new technique Mr.. Wilson
contemplated introducing into the
scheduling of production of planes
engines, parts and sub assemblies
but added he believed Mr.. Wilson
would have some innovation to offer
Evening star., 1942-10-22
Stimson Denies
Confusion Over
PocificCommund
Ghormley Is Working
In Cooperation With
Macarthur, He Says
By the Associated Press.


Secretary of War Stimson re-
ported today that in the fight fol
the Solomons, Vice Admiral Rob-
ert L. Ghormley and Gen. Doug
las Macarthur were working in
the closest possible cooperation
along the territorial border line
where their two commands
joined.
The Secretary told his press con-
ference that the responsibilities o1
command in the Pacific were "wel
fixed and thoroughly understood"
He outlined the command ar.
rangement in response to a sugges-
ton that confusion existed as tC
unity of command between Gen
Macarthur and Admiral Ghormley
Although the whole Pacific area
has had to be divided into theaters
of operation, there should be no oc-
casion for any real confusion" Mr.
Stimson replied.
The bulk of the Pacific area, he
said, was under Admiral Chester w
Nimitz, Pacific Fleet commander in
chief, including Army installations
and troops in the Aleutians, Hawaii
Fiji Islands, the Solomons, New
Hebrides, New Caledonia and New
(See GHORMLEY, Page A-20)
Evening star., 1942-10-22
Rescued Sailor Tells of Wars
Biggest Attack on Convoy
Russiu-Bound Ship
Was Sunk in 4-Duy
Running Fight
BY FREDERICK S. HERMAN,

BY FREDERICK S. HERMAN,
25-year-old seaman OF Fayette-
uille N. Y, as told to Susan B.
Anthony, II.
have just been through the
biggest attack on a convoy in the
history of modern warfare.
For four days I was part of a
battle in which cargo vessels, bound
for Russia, were sunk by high-alti-
tude bombers from 1,500-foot CELL
ing above, by U-boats attacking be-
low and from torpedo bombers flying
Is feet over the sea.
I shipped on freighter in this
convoy to Russia to get rest after
almost two years on tankers, the
last year in the Atlantic. I didn't
know what I was getting into.
Ours was big convoy. I thought
1t was going to get through without
Nazi attack, despite reconnaissance
planes lowering over us, taking
pictures all the while.
Battle Began Sunday.
The four-day battle began on
Sunday, early In September. At
1880 in the morning, the alarm
bell signaled and I ran Oh deck
to see q Russian cargo vessel sink
Evening star., 1942-10-22
First Contract Is Awarded
For Redesigned Sea Otter
BY the Associated Press.


L. E. r. Stettinius, jr., lease-lend
administrator, announced TODAY
that a contract had been let for
construction of the first full sized
seamobile-the re-designed gasoline
driven ship formerly called the sea
otter.
The contract was awarded to the
United States Shipbuilding Corp,
Yonkers, N. Y.
The sea otter has been a source
OF controversy in high administra-
tion and shipbuilding circles for
more than year, one side contend-
ing it was the answer to the SUBJ
marine and the other that the YES
sci was wholly impracticable.
when the vessel has been COM
pleted and thoroughly tested" Mr..
Stettinius said, 1--WE will know
whether more seamobiles ought to
be built or not. Our aim Is to give
this novel type of vessel every fair
chance to prove its worth
He revealed that one important
change in the design of the ship had
been to move the propellers from the
middle of the keel to the stern. No
other details were given.
Evening star., 1942-10-22
Stimson Says Jops May Hold
Some of DooIittIe's Raiders
1t. Forrow's Mother
Without Word of
Her Sons Fate

Mrs. Jessie S. Farrow, 523 Crit
tenden street NV, the mother of
1t. William G. Farrow, Army Air
Forces, said today that she had
no official word that her son had
fallen into japanese hands after
the raid on Toxic April 18.
1t. Farrow's name was on the list
broadcast by the Japanese-and was
one of those which Secretary Stim-
son admitted today may possibly be
prisoner of war.
A secretary in the Board of Eco
nomic Warfare, Mrs. Farrow said
the last letter she received from her
son was dated March 16.
Middle Initial Differs.
The Toxic report listed Second 1t.
William j. Farrow, %, of st. Jones
street, Darlington, S. c., as one of
four United States flyers taken after
raids on japanese territory. Mrs
Farrow pointed out that her sons
middle initial is G, that he is now a
Continued on Page A-2O Column y
Evening star., 1942-10-22
Army Not 10 LET Holidays
Interfere With Inductions

BY the Associated Press.
Secretary of War Stimson said
today the Army could not let
Thanksgiving and Christmas holi-
days interfere with training and
induction schedules.
Men will not be ordered to re-
cruiting and induction stations for
examination and induction on
Thanksgiving day, November, 26, or
on Christmas Eve or Christmas
Day.
Except for those three days, how
ever, the holidays will not be per-
mitted to delay training or induc-
ton, Mr.. Stimson said, and the
normal practice Of granting holi-
day furloughs during the period
between Thanksgiving and New
Years Day will necessarily be
restrictive"
Mr.. Stimson said men already
inducted but at home on 14-day
furlough to settle personal affairs
would be permitted to extend the
furlough by one or two days, If
that was necessary to permit them
to spend Thanksgiving or Christ
mas with their families.
Evening star., 1942-10-22
OPA Bans Extra Cos
For Vacation Travel

BY the Associated Press.
The ONCE Of Price Administrator
said today that no extra gasoline
ration would be given "for motor
travel from summer homes to winter
residences used primarily for vaca-
ton purposes" .
The statement was issued 70
clarity widespread misunderstand-
ing, the OPA said.
At the same time, the OPA
treasured motorists outside tine
rationed Eastern area that when
rationing begins in the rest OF the
country November ~, special fuel
allowances will be made to enable
persons caught away from home to
oet to their residences.
Evening star., 1942-10-22
Airmen Blast Jops in So|omons;
Port Moresby Drive RepuIsed;
Soviets Gain in First Snowfall
Enemy Destroyer
And Cruiser Hit;
News Policy Altered
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
Allied and japanese forces
counted mounting losses in the
battle of the Southwestern Pa
cific today as planes and ships of
both sides jockeyed for positions
to throw decisive blows.
In the Solomon Islands where a
major naval war may be touched
off at any hour, the United States
lost two destroyers, the O'Brien and
the Meredith. American planes re-
taliated by damaging an enemy
cruiser and a destroyer and shoot
ing down II japanese planes.
New Policy on Announcements.
The Navy revealed that the an
nouncement of the sinkings before
the next of kin had been notified
represented a new policy-to an
nounce losses as quickly as possible
when it was believed the enemy
knew of them and there was no rea-
son to keep them secret for security
purposes.
Destruction of the two United
States destroyers was regarded as
evidence of the presence of larger
American warships in the Solomons.
Westward of the Solomons, Allied
heavy bombers blasted at enemy
ships in New Britain's harbor of Ra-
baul causing fires and explosions.
More fires were started on the Ra-
baul airdrome by bombs dropped by
flyers under Gen. Douglas Mac
Arthur's Australian command. An
other raid inflicted serious damage
on Japanese-occupied Maobisse in
Timor, north of Port Darwin.
Japs Repulsed in New Guinea.
Meantime, the japanese backfiring
attempt to grab Port Moresby in
New Guinea suffered another set
back as Australian troops swept on
the foes flank in the Owen Stanley
Mountains and forced retreat,
MacArthur's headquarters reported
today (Australian time).
A spokesman said greater num-
bers of troops are engaged on both
sides and that the japanese might
be making last stand before back
Ing 9 miles north to Kokoda, mid
way of Moresby and the enemy's
Buna invasion base.
Announcing losses within the last
few days of the 1,570-ton O'Brien
and the 1,630-ton Meredith, the
Navy said last night all of the per-
sonnel of the former were believed
saved and many from the Meredith.
The destroyer OBrien was
launched October 20, 1887, at the
Boston Navy Yard and carried
normal complement of ITS officers
and men. The Meredith, with an
equal personnel normally, was
launched April "a, 1910, at the Bos-
ton yard.
(The Berlin radio broadcast
dispatch from Toxic today as
serting - without confirmation
from any other source-that the
United States had lost a heavy
cruiser and light cruiser in ad-
dition to two destroyers in the
laCeSt pnaSe OF Ine ngnI LOT Cne
Solomons. No Toxic broadcast
giving such a claim had been
heard in New York;
U. S. Planes Keep Up Assault.
American planes continued the
aerial assault on japanese war YES
sells, meanwhile, and bombed enemy
positions and ammunition dumps on
Guadalcanal, where the United
States grip on the island airbase is
the focal point of an expected jap
anese invasion.
On the night of October 1920
the Navy added, naval aircraft
bombed Japanese cruiser west of
Guadalcanal. The vessel was dam
(See SOLOMONS, Page A-2OD
Evening star., 1942-10-22
Suggests Men Were
Captured After
Attack on Toxic
BY the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
Secretary of War Stimson said
today it was possible that some of
the American flyers who took
part in the Doolittle raid on
Toxic had been forced down
after leaving Japan and had
been captured by the Japanese.
Discussing the planes which raided
Japan, Mr.. Stimson said:
"One was interned in Russia.
Several others were involved in
forced landings in China. A very
few of these planes are carried as
missing"
Mr. Stimson said the names in
japanese propaganda broadcasts
fairly we'll correspond" with those
Of Army air men long carried on
Army records as missing"
No Direct Reports.
Mr.. Stimson told his press con-
ference that the War Department
had no reports other than those by
Continued on Page A-2O, Column 81
Evening star., 1942-10-22
Mrs. Hobby Will Visit
London to Inspect ATS
BY the Associated Press.

LONDON, Oct. 22.-Mrs. Oveta
Culp Hobby, director of the WAACS,
is coming to Britain shortly to see
Britain's women at war work, it was
learned authoritatively today.
Mrs. Hobbys visit, returning the
visit to the United States of Chief
Controller Jean Knox of Britain's s
Auxiliary Territorial Service, may be
made with Mrs. Roosevelt, who, it
has been announced, is expected
soon.
Evening star., 1942-10-22
Ga||inger Bed Projec'
Is Granted Highest
Rating
WPB Approval Given
After Nelson's Order
For Cut, Says Mason

Commissioner Guy Mason dis
closed today that the first priori-
ties rating in connection with the
Metropolitan Areas hospital ex-
pansion program had been
granted by the War Production
Board for a 15O-bed addition at
Gallinger Hospital.
According to the Commissioner,
an AA-3 rating had been awarded
the highest possible for projects not
directly linked with the Army or
Navy. Mr.. Mason said he was in
formed by a responsible Federal Off
cial that the rating was approved
subsequent to the recent order by
WPB Chief Donald Nelson requiring
that all construction projects be
held up pending a thorough review
of the priorities ratings. 1t is un-
derstood that Mr.. Nelson's order,
therefore, will not affect the Gal
linger project.
Pace Set for New Projects.
Both Mr.. Mason and a spokesman
for the Federal Works Administra-
ton, which approved the hospital
expansion program several weeks
ago, said they believed the granting
of the first priorities rating for Gal
linger would set the pace for projects
still pending before the WPB or not
yet submitted. They anticipated no
difficulty in obtaining further pri-
critics.
The first Gallinger project ap-
proved calls for an addition to pro-
vide $50 beds and two dormitories
for nurses and internes at a total
construction cost of $3.50, 900. The
(See HOSPITALS, Page A-20D
Evening star., 1942-10-22

PIN. WGUII6SUdy.
The first business" load to be
dumped on the emergency depot at
Third street and Constitution ave-
nue. NV. was 100 pound contribu-
ton of the Rock Greek Ginger Ale
Co, 215 Seventh street S.W.
Driver Of the company truck, E. N.
Krause, checked in with an assort-
ment Of metals including pipe, an
oil drum and electrical equipment.
Previously . 500-pound donation,
including steel safe, had been re-
Evening star., 1942-10-22

ing quickly from q torpedo that
had managed to pierce the escort
screen. Russian seamen, male and
female, got away from the ship
In good order.
Less than . minute later, an
(see CONVOY. Page A-5.)
Evening star., 1942-10-22
Higgins Is Expected
To Be Given Contract
For Cargo Planes
Aircraft Will Not Be Giunt
Type ShipbuiIder Is
Pushing, However
BY JAMES Y. NEWTON.

Andrew Jackson Higgins prob
ably will get a Government con-
tract for large-scale production
OF cargo aircraft in his uncom-
pleted New Orleans Shipyard, but
the plane will not be the giant
type he has endeavored to sell
officials during his visit in the
Capital, it was learned today.
Mr.. Higgins is expected to be
authorized by the Army within the
next few days to produce in volume
the Curtiss Commando cargo plane
This aircraft is unusually large
gauged by size of planes already in
production, although it is dwarfed
by comparison with the Martin
Mars, or the twin-hull flying boat
with which Shipbuilder Henry ]
Kaiser and Howard Hughes are ex-
perimenting. 1t is even smaller
compared with the plane Mr.. Hig-
gins insisted that he be allowed to
build.
Might Build Flying Wing.
The dynamic New Orleans indus
trialist also might be given oppor-
tunity to build the Northrop Flying
Wing when it is completed, tested
and ready for production Pre-
liminary work on this revolutionary
type of aircraft, however, will not
be finished for some time, it was
understood
Later, if all goes we'll, Mr.. Higgins
might even be given a chance to
make his dream" plane he has
been showing official washington,
it was said.
Production Chief Donald M. Nell
son told newspapermen today that
he would like to see Mr.. Higgins
have part in the aircraft pro-
gram, either making planes or
parts.
II don't know what we are going
to finally work out about Higgins,
Mr.. Nelson said, but he impresses
me as a capable man with lot of
energy and resourcefulness. would
like to see him in the aircraft end
of our program, either making
planes or parts.
IF you decide that he is going
to make a plane, will 1t be a big
plane?" Mr.. Nelson was asked.
Yes" he replied.
Non-Committal on Progress.
Mr.. Higgins was non-committal
when asked by The Star to COM
ment on progress he is making in
getting work for his closed ship
yard. Work on the yard was halted
several months ago when the Mari
time Commission Cancelled a con-
tract with Mr.. Higgins for zoe
Liberty ships. The commission said
the steel shortage prompted the
move.
The shipbuilder was unwilling to
discuss anything about his three
weeks stay in Washington. He has
evaded all questions from reporters
He would not name the officials with
whom he had conferred or furnish
any detail about the big airplane
he would like to build. He intimated
however, he might explode in vol
canic fashion if things do not &C
we'll for him in getting contract.
1t was learned that the plane Mr.
Higgins wants to build is huge
-, 1~[~~rl,~ -
Evening star., 1942-10-22
Get In the Scrap!
Business Houses Begin Flow
Of Heavy Metals in Drive
Seven-Doy Campaign Expected to Yield
Many Tons Toward District Quote

Districts metal drive expected to the
participation approximately 10000 firms started slowly this
morning leaders anticipate greatly increased activity
through its sevenday stretch ending
Evening star., 1942-10-22
1,5O0-Pound Safe Donated.

ceived from the estate Of the late
Mrs. r. G. Davenport.
1,500-Pound Safe Donated.
The accumulation was dumped at
the lot yesterday by Charles Matti-
more of the Security Storage Co. at
the request Of Mrs. J. N. de Forrest
Of Syosett, Long Island, who handled
the final disposition of the items
which had been assigned to storage
(See SCRAP, Page A-2O.)
Evening star., 1942-10-22
King Christian Worse

LONDON, Oct. % R.-A Copen-
hagen broadcast said King Chris
tian K of Denmark, injured in a
fall from a horse, lapsed OCCASION
ally into Inconsistencies today. 1t
described his condition as worse.
The Berlin radio said the Kings
condition considerably improved
last night after slight deterioration
yesterday afternoon"
Evening star., 1942-10-22
A Sound Investment

q. s. Savings Bonds and Stamps
are better than cash because they
bear interest. The Government
asks you to invest 10 per cent OF
your income or earnings every week
to help finance the War.
Evening star., 1942-10-22

(See HIGGINS, Page A-20.)
Evening star., 1942-10-22

(See DRAFT, Page A-4.)
Evening star., 1942-10-22

Continued on Page A-20, Column
Evening star., 1942-10-22

(See RUSSIA, Page A-20D
Evening star., 1942-10-22

(See SOLOMONS, Page A-2OD
Evening star., 1942-10-22

Late news and sports are covered On
Pages Tx and Ak Of this edition Of
The Star, supplementtng the news Of
the regular home delivered edition.
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1942-12-09
Military Course
Studied bY ENGINEERS

ITHACA, n. Y.-UP- Cornell
University has added an optional
course in military science and tao
tics further to prepare engineering
students for the armed services.
Dean S. c. HOLSTER said, in an
nouRcing the new plan, There is a
great need for trained engineers
in many branches of military ser
vice. We believe, therefore, that
the new combination OF engineer
ing and military training estab-
lished in the college will have real
importance in furthering the ma
tons war effort"
Mail Christmas Parcels Early-
Buy Bonds
PASADENA, Cal.-UP-The Cal
ifornia Institute of Technology nu-
tritional department has invented
a name for hamburger stands and
other eating establishments which
do not have menus sufficiently ex-
tended to permit of serving bal
lanced, vitamin-filled meals. They
are all classified as ulcer
Clutches"