davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-05-19
Churchi|!'s Peace Union
Vondenberg Points to Views Expressed for
notwithstanding Association in 1880

which altered no institutions and re-
quired no elaborate machinery, was
its salvation. without prejudice to
their existing loyalties and senti-
ments, they gave birth in themselves
to . new higher loyalty and q wider
sentiment. The autumn Of 1905 had
seen the English-speaking people on
the verge Of catastrophe. The year
did not die before they were asso-
ciated by indissoluble ties for the
maintenance Of peace between
themselves. for the prevention Of
war among outside powers and for
the economic development Of their
measureless resources and posses
sions"
Commenting on this conception
by Mr.. Churchill, Senator Vanden-
berg said:
ut is vague-in spots. But so is
the Atlantic Charter vague-in spots.
The postwar problems this time
will be far broader in geographic
and linguistic scope than could
have been conceived II years ago.
But it is important to discover that
Churchill then sought to avoid
strait jackets and placed his de-
pendence on mutual cooperation Of
nations remaining essentially free.
He scarcely could have been think
tions, then sitting at Geneva.
"It is, Of course, impossible to
deal authentically with postwar
problems until the total victory is
won. No one has any right to hold
Premier Churchill to what Author
Churchill wrote in an imaginative
hour in 1880 Yet the scrupulous
care with which Churchill's concep-
ton then avoided all prejudice to
existing loyalties,' while at the same
time uniting for effective peace and
justice. might we'll be the basis for
ulIlIIldOt uIlltCI Sdl dCCOld
Sees Basis in Nationalism.
II continue to believe that wise
and prudent nationalism, which
keeps its own house in order, must
be the primary source Of our effec-
tive contribution to practical inter-
nationalism. But this wisdom and
this prudence obviously are going to
require Of us a far greater and more
responsible international co-opera-
ton in the post peace than ever
before. Pearl Harbor definitely
changed the trend Of history-for us
as well as others
"One Of Mr.. Churchills fictional
specifications the slightest In
reference with existing arrange
ments'-can't come true. That goes
for all of US. There will be a New
World We shall be q part Of 1t, not
as spectators, but as participants
The American problem will be to
find the way which permits
maximum cooperation without
prejudice 10 existing loyalties and
sentiments As the Churchill Of 1890
put 1t.
Churchill will look out for Britain
while. at the same time. he Is
sincerely devoted to these world OBJ
jectives. We shall look out for
America, while We are sincerely
Evening star., 1942-05-19
Jewish Veterans Cancel
Services at Cemetery

Memorial services scheduled 10 be
held Sunday afternoon at the WASH
ington Hebrew Congregation Gene
terry by Washington Post, No. 50,
Jewish War Veterans Of the United
States, have been Cancelled because
Of the necessity Of conserving On
tires and gasoline.
1t was announced by Harold H
Lowry. chairman Of the groups
Executive Committee, however, that
there will be joint memorial and
religious service the following Fri
day, May 20, at the Washington
Hebrew Congregation, S22 Eighth
street NV, at 8 pm.
A small detail Of the Warrington
Post. J. w. ", will decorate all
graves in local cemeteries Of men
of Jewish faith who lost their lives
during the First World War.
Evening star., 1942-05-19
The Political MiII
Pursuit Of Hobit Of Sneerine at Congress
Seen in Public Cry on x-Cord Allowances

resolution offered by Senator
Downey Of California declaring
that Senators should waive all
rights to x cards. There were
Senators voting against the
resolution who held only A
cards, as we'll as those who held
B cards and x cards. The almost
unanimous vote. however, showed
clearly that the members of the
Upper House resented the sug-
gestion that members of Con-
gress should be denied what gas
they required for carrying on
their business and that they
were not to be trusted to use
needed gasoline as sparingly as
possible.
ONCE Created BY Congress.
The effort to exalt the execu-
tive branch of the Government
-..odally at the expense Of the
legislative-has gone on too long
In this country. With the ex-
ception of two officers-the
President and the Vice President
not one of the executive ON
~ials is elected by the people
yet they have become myriad.
All Of these officials and their
positions have been created by
acts Of Congress itself.
Every member of the House
must 60 to the people every two
years, and every Senator once
every six years, and obtain their
Sufferance to hold ONCE. Con-
gress is the creature of the
people; its representative to
make the laws which shall gov
ern the people and the Nation.
If this power is ever turned over
to one man, the Nation will no
longer be governed by law but
by the will Of an individual.
The American people do not
hesitate to criticize where they
think criticism Is necessary.
They have been vociferous In the
past. Since the beginning of the
war last December, in the desire
for a united front in support Of
the President, whose duty it is
to conduct the war, criticism Of
the Chief Executive, the COM
mander In chief Of the Army and
the Navy, has been almost elimi-
mated. Congress, however, has
been considered fair game. The
attempt has been made to place
on the national legislature the
blame for all the things the peo-
pie do not like.
The present uproar over the Is
suance Of x gas rationing cards
to members Of Congress is hav-
ing one good effect-which may
not have been expected. 1t has
brought . ruling that the names
OF all persons with rationing
cards and the kinds of cards they
hold shall be public. There is
no reason why they should not
be public-since the people them
selves. those who hold no onicial
position, must be governed by
rationing. Especially there u no
reason why officers OF the Gov
ernment, including members Of
Congress, should have secret
rationing cards. The people will
be able to judge, then, whether
holders Of these cards Are abus-
ing the privileges and making
frivolous use Of vital fuel for
transportation.
Evening star., 1942-05-19

Mr.. Churchill whimsically freecast
the covenant OF an English
association "for the maintenance OF
peace, for the prevention Of wal
among outside powers and for the
development of their resources" II
sounds like the genesis of the At
lantic Charter and what comes after
At any rate, 1t shows where Mr.
Churchill's imagination took him
when he let 1t play with a subject
which was purely speculative then
but which Is highly realistic now.
In this article, written three years
before Hitler assumed power in Ger
many and a year before Japan's in
vasion Of Manchuria, Mr.. Churchill
clearly visualized the United States
working In cooperation with the
English-speaking countries Of the
British Empire. as the hope of q
peaceful, prosperous and stable
world order.
Speculated on Lee Victory.
Shortly before, Mr.. Churchill had
spent several weeks touring Ameri-
can Civil War battlefelds. He al
lowed himself the quaint conceit,' -
as he put 1t, Of speculating on what
would have happened If Gen. Robert
E. Lee had won instead Of lost the
battle Of Gettysburg and the Con-
federacy had gone on to enforce q
separation Of the States into two
nations. There was nothing sec
tionally offensive about 1t. 1t was
offered only as analytical fiction
Just - Jules Verne might have done
with the same subject. But it dis
closed three phases Of the robust
Churchill mind: First, his complete
mastery Of the most intimate details
OF military history; second, his in
terest In American history. and
third, his contemplation Of an Eng
lish-speaking association, to pre-
serve the peace Of the world.
The crlx Of Mr.. Churchill's imag-
mary conception was that a divided
United States, always unhappy over
this "ghastly amputation," in 1905
came close TO . second Civil War
which was avoided through the joint
effort Of Premier Asquith Of Great
Britain and President Theodore
Roosevelt. The reunited State.
thereafter joined Britain In The
Covenant Of the English Speaking
Association" which was 30 success
full that 1t stopped the 1914 crisis,
after sarajevo, before 1t became .
war.
1t IL the nature Of Mr. Churchill's 8
fictional English speaking associa-
ton that may be presently signifi-
cant. Here is the way he de-
scribed It:
The doctrine Of common citizen.
ship for al the peoples British ant
AmericanD was proclaimed. Thers
was not the slightest interference
with the existing arrangements Of
any member. All that happened
was that henceforth the peoples Of
the British Empire and what wa,
happily called The Re-United
States deemed themselves to be
members Of one body and inheritorl
Of one estate"
The fiexibility Of the plan which
invaded no national privacy. which
left all particularisms unchallenged
Evening star., 1942-05-19
Bv CONSTANTINE BROWN.

ny SON6 . hN AINE DnOWN.
With both German and Rus
sian offensives under way on the
eastern front the picture Of the
struggle in that area is one of
complete confusion.
In the Crimea the Germans
have virtually completed the
conquest Of the Kerch Peninsula,
after mopping up remainders of
the Russian forces, and are pre-
pairing . major operation against
the Caucasus.
The Russian offensive against
Kharkov is still in progress, with
the advantage definitely on the
side Of Field Marshal Semeon
Timoshenko's armies. The de-
fenses Of Kharkov are powerful
and for the time being the city
remains In Nazi hands.
Marshal Timoshenko's main ef-
forts are directed toward cutting
German lines of communication
in order to prevent further Nazi
reinforcements from reaching the
Kharkov area.
1t is too early to claim victory,
but odds and ends of information
received in Washington make it
appear that Russian forces are
hammering relentlessly and sue
cessfully at the Nazi-Hungarian
forces.
Bulk Of Reserves in South.
According to reports from Rus
sian headquarters the quality OF
the Nazi troops Is not the same
as last year. The men are much
younger, less experienced and, on
the whole, do not compare with
the Russian soldier.
Marshal Tirnoshenko has
thrown enormous forces into the
battle in the hope Of overwhelm-
ing the Germans. If he can
prevent enemy reinforcements
from arriving he will capture
Kharkov and thus make a serious
dent in the German line OF de-
fense.
From all available reports 1t
appears that the Germans have
massed the bulk Of their reserves
in the south. The Nazi high
command has always considered
that sector the "softest" and most
profitable field OF operation.
The field marshals who are now
running the Reich, with Hitler
as standard d-bearer, have realized
from the beginning that the cap
trre Of Moscow and Leningrad
would be spectacular, but mean
relatively little from the mill
tary point OF view.
The Russians strong point has
always been defense, and the
vastness Of their country will per-
NIT them to withdraw toward
the east. dangerously lengthen-
ing the German lines OF commu-
Evening star., 1942-05-19
BY GOULD LINCOLN.

How much gasoline does q
member Of Congress require to
attend to oflcial business, as
we'll as to get himself to and
from the Capitol? Only the in
dividual member of the Senate
or the House can answer that
question correctly. There has
been an uproar-for which the
newspapers are largely respon-
sible--over the issuance Of x gas
rationing cards to members Of
Congress.
These cards allow the unlim-
tied purchase of gasoline by their
holders. Because a Senator or a
Representative holds such a card,
however, does not mean that he
or she Is going to use an auto
mobile for joy riding-although
that seems to be the impression
which many critics have sought
to convey.
The controversy arose when in
ept statements were made by
bureau officials that members Of
Congress would be denied X gas
rationing cards. They were not
denied these cards. 1t was a
foregone conclusion that they
would not be SO denied.
Congress makes the laws for
the country still. 1t makes the
appropriations from which all the
administration officials of the
Government are paid. 1t is one
of the three coordinate branches
OF government. In the Consti-
tuition 1t is placed first. Properly
so. For if the legislative branch
OF tine Government should be
abolished or weakened to the
point of being a mere rubber
stamp, there realms only die
tatorship. A perfect example Of
what happens in the latter case
is the Hitler dictatorship In NaN
Germany.
Patriotism Questioned.
Too long 1t has been a habit
in this country to beittle and
sneer at the Congress. The
present attempt to make it ap-
pear that its members today
because they obtained, in many
cases. unlimited gas rationing
cards-are unpatriotic and mere
ly looking out for their own COM
fort Is just another instance.
T'here are 96 Senators and 435
members OF the House. How
many x gas rationing cards have
been issued to officials Of the
executive branch of the Gov
ernment? Is there any reason
to believe that they will be more
careful than members OF Cor
gress in the amount of gasoline
they use-or for what purposes?
Anything but
A member of the House has
business to do for some 300 900
constituents, whether 1t is TO
represent them at tie Capitol
or to look after tneir interests
before the executive departments
and agencies. Senators from
more populous States represent
millions OF constituents. 1t is
ridiculous to say that they shall
be denied what transportation
they may need to carry on this
business.
The Senate last Friday by .
vote OF 66 to 2 turned down .
Evening star., 1942-05-19

peace plan 8,
Senator an
denberg, Repub-
lican, Of Michi-
gan today pro-
d uce d from q
musty magazine
file q highly sig
nincant preview
of Wins on
Churchill's mind
on this vital
subject.
w ri ii ng in
Scribner's for
December, 1890,
Evening star., 1942-05-19

Lne ITenO OF tne
times. 1t may
be known as the
"X' Club, be-
cause 1t could
become the SYM
Dol OF special
privilege in
h a n d | n & ou t
public funds and
favors and i'm
posing reStric-
tive laws ire
sDective OF the
principles Of
fnivr Aee ~
Evening star., 1942-05-19

devoted TO the same world objectives.
But the supreme need will be that
this selfishness shall be enlightened
selfshness on the part Of all con-
cerned. There must never be an
other Hitler"
(Released By North American Newspaper
Alliance. Ine)
Evening star., 1942-05-19
MoItu FeIIs 8 More PIunes

VALLETTA, Malta, May l9 CP).-
British pilots shot down eight enemy
fighters and probably three more
yesterday over Malta, bringing their
two-day total to 27 Axis craft de-
stroyed or damaged. One R. A. F.
pilot was missing after yesterdays
! operations.
Evening star., 1942-05-19

oline rationing
cards. II all Of
the rest of uk.
some 100000 900
citize MS, had
taken the ration
ing as calmly
and in the same
stride. the work
OF the local
boards " o u ! d
have been tre-
mendously les
sened.
But, the con-
Evening star., 1942-05-19

THE opinions OF the Uriters this their not
necessarily The Stars Such opinions presented
Stars effort to gue all sides OF questions Of interest to Its
readers although such opinions may be contradictory among
themselves and directly opposed to The Stars.
Evening star., 1942-05-19

E. McHenry and George A. Petrides
of the National Capital Parks Office
This is the last of a series Of lectures
on the subject of Outdoor Wash
ington."
Evening star., 1942-05-19
ToIk on Animals Slated

An illustrated talk on Animals"
| will be given at the Northeastern
Branch of the Public Library,
Seventh and Maryland avenue NE.
at 7:30 o'clock tonight by Donald
Evening star., 1942-05-19
BY JAY G. HAYDEN.

Incident to revelation that he
himself has joined the growing Re-
publican trend away from "isola-
tionism" As applied to postwar
Evening star., 1942-05-19
McLemore-
Scribe Bemouns
Short Shirttuils
By HENRY McLEMORE.

This is the day we had planned to
congratulate our members Of Con-
gress for their dignifled and un-
selfish conduct In getting their gas
Evening star., 1942-05-19
X Could
Mark Other
Privileges
Many QuoIifiers
For Special Club
Are Suggested
Nv DAVID LAWRENCE.

There may come into being as re-
suit Of the gasoline rationing debate
a new organization-somewha imag-
mary, to be sure, but significant of
Evening star., 1942-05-19
DWZH WUR MR
DDW NNZlKE MAX/

Twenty years ago l took
the Thomas treatment, and
since then / have taken care
of my hair in the manner
prescribed by Thomas. To-
day. at so, I still have a
good head of hair. Perhaps
l might have retained my
L.. I% .:-o>~>1r,
The Waterbury Democrat., 1942-09-12
MURDER SUSPECT
 BEING OBSERVED
May Be Slayer of Girl, Who Was Killed IA
 Months Ago

Lynn, Mass, Sept. 12-(UP)-A 32-year-old Boston taxicab driver was committed to Danver'S State Hospital today for 10 days observa- ton while investigators checked circumstantial evidence tending to link him with the sex-slaying of pretty Frances Cochran.
 Dist. Atty. Hugh A. Gregg of Essex County emphasized that the commitment of the former Fair haven man "does not mean the ip- vestigation will stop" He added that there is much to be explained and checked"
 Seized at his lodging house room in Boston's south end Tuesday night the suspect has been questioned eX- haustively during the past few days because of indications that he may have been the driver of the square -backed sedan in which the 19-year-old Lynn bookkeeper rode to her death in a lovers lane 14 months ago.
 Dr. A. Warren Stearns, state pSychiatrist, was summoned here last night and after examining the suspect pronounced him mentally tired" and recommended the To-day commitment.
 During yesterdays questioning several witnesses viewed the sus- meet hut whether any were able tC iefd yinthi -Smshdrl shrdlu shrdl identify him with the crime was moi disclosed.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1942-09-12
AMERICAN TROOPS
 IN FRENCH AFRICA
Marched Through Town as People Cheered Them
 With Enthusiasm

Brazzaville, Fighting French Equa- torial Africa, September 12. - (UP) United States troops marched through a town in French Equatorial Africa today to the enthusiastic cheers of the people.
 They will be stationed at an un- disclosed part of fighting French Africa, where they will help defend the common interests of the United Nations.
 The people were heartened to see the young, sturdy American soldiers, eager to join their French com rades.
 European as well as native popula- tions were much impressed by their modern equipment.
 The official Belgian News Agency announced at London Thursday that United States troops and army nurses who arrived recently at Leo- poldville, in the Belgian Congo, had been honored at a reception and that later there had been a flag cermony at their Camp Roosevelt.
 Fighting French Equatorial Africa adjolnts the Belgian Congo on the north. The equator cuts through it.
 The territories are an invaluable stTategle Allied bak0 south og pakAF, They are the southwest African rec lay point for supplies and planes uhiah g0 aaFOss Africa and ID 70 the Sudan,
The Waterbury Democrat., 1942-09-12
BRITISH SMASH ON
 IN MADAGASCAR
They Advanced l3O Miles in Their Drive Made
 Yesterday
BY EDWARD w. BEATTIE Limited Press Staff Correspondent

United Press Staff Correspondent)
 London, Sept. 12-(UP)-British Imperial forces advancing on Tan anarive, capital of Vichy Madagas- car, advanced i30 miles yesterday, a communique of the East Africa conn mand said today. Dispatches indi- cated that they were within l50 miles of the town.
 Lieut.. Gen. Sir William Platt. commanding the imperial forces. re- ported that these forces, advancing from the important port of Majunga, had reached the great bridge of the Betsiboka river in their advance and thus were near Maeyatanana.
 A second column moving down the east coast occupied the town Of VohemaF, % miles south of the Diego Suarez naval base on the northeast coast, without opposition. he report ed.
 4 third column advancing froa Diego GuageE down the northwasI coast was delayed by destrOyei bridges, tho e0naTianniaie said, but b. last evening was within 70 miles O the port ef Ambanja. which the I'm peFlai forces landed Thursday hal occupied along with the adjacent c. land 0g MOaye8e,
 Tie southsgnmeat nFlliah column on tho Waat coast advancing gFom MoFondaFa, reached the vicinity O MahahN, 70 mlloe inland, and wa continuing oferRiianA successfully
 1ihls force, ii was indicated, ga heading g0f AlnhnaliFa, ilb mic fouth ot TananaFiye, whieh mean
 loenlinaea en Fags 9
The Waterbury Democrat., 1942-09-12
Nine Dead, Eight More May Die In Crash Of Army Plane

Buffalo, N. r., Sept. i2-(UP)- The mounting death toll of burn ing army plane that crashed through the roof Of q building at one of the Curtiss- Wright Corporations plants reached nine today, and 1t was feared that eight of 70 Injured per- sons would die.
 Among the critically injured, it was reported, was !. BertFam Bur- nell, 8, the pilot who vas testing the plane. and who bailed out late yesterday when t caught fire high above Buffalo airport.
 Frank Ryan Of Suburban Kenmore and another worker, Sam Bhalala Of Buffalo, were killed At their woFk when the plane burst down upon them like q meteor, Lester Glenn, ol nugfalo. ail army inspector, died SheFtly before midnight, Frank var da, Jeaeph hhnlla0, 4e, Martin Tiil, Salvatore FalmeTl and Carlson kgauah, of buffale, and Paul chahe, of oiens Falls, all ouFtlss Wright efnployea, dled before dawn,
 zhe plane tore ian rnnbelleSahly
The Waterbury Democrat., 1942-09-12
Merciless Attacks Of 1000 Nazi Planes Pound Soviets
TAUNTON LOST
 BIG WAR PLANT
Mysterious Blaze Swept Through Plant Early
 This Morning

Taunton, Mass, Sept. F - (U.P0 A huge war production plant was destroyed early today by general alarm fire of mysterious origin which swept swiftly through fac tory where the automatic sprinkler system allegedly had been turned off.
 The loss was estimated at more than $2O0,000.
 Housed in the brick structure were both the National Silver Con- pany and the F. B. Rogers Silver Company-firms engaged in the manufacture of kits, helmets and other equipment for the Army. Hundreds of persons were thrown out of work temporarily.
 FBI agents were summoned to in- vestigate the blaze by Fire Chief Edward F. Dorey, who said the fire may have started from sparks from a welding machine in one-story ell attached to the main building.
 Chief Dorey said that when he reached the fire scene he found all outside spripklers had been turned of.
 Colonel William Donovan, first service command public relations officer at Boston, approved the fire story for publication.
 All members of the night shift escaped unassisted but three suffer- ed burns or injuries which sent them to a hospital. They were Frank Perry, who suffered ankle in- juries in a 2o-foot leap from 8 win dow; Lloyd Wood, burns on face and hands, and America Almeida, arm burns.
 Although Taunton firemen were aided by attachments from Brock ton, Fall Rveir, Middleboro, Rayn- ham and Dighton, the blaze-visible nearly 20 miles away in Providence, R. I.-raged uncontrolled for three hours and left only the 125-foot brick chimney standing amid the ruins.
 Fire officials said that lack of wind probably saved terminal warehouse and dwellings in the area. Nearly 100 occupants of neigh boring houses were ordered to the streets, and the sides of 10 dwell ings were scorched.