davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-12-28
Pefain Decorates Admiral
Who ScuttIed Fleet
By the Associated Press.

LONDON, Dec 28-The Vichv
radio announced today that Marshal
Petain had decorated Admiral Jean
De La Borde, who, as commander of
the French feet at Toulon, thwarted
the Germans by giving the order to
scuttle the ships in that French
Mediterranean base.
The radio said the admiral was
awarded the Badge Francisque de
Gauls Representing the old Gallo
battle-ax used by Marshal Petain's
supporters.
The admiral later dined with
Pierre Laval.
Admiral De La Borde was ar
rested by the Germans at Toulon
shortly after The scuttling. On De-
cember 6 he was reported released
at the request of the Vichy govern
ment.
After the Americans went into
North Africa. De La Borde renewed
his pledge OF allegiance to Marshal
Petain and was reported in mid
November to have ordered the ad-
nirals under him to give new oaths
of allegiance to the marshal.
Evening star., 1942-12-28
kcNutt Explains Aims
OF Physical Training
Plan for High Schools
Students Must Become
Rugged, Daring and
Alert, He Declares

Wartime high school students will
be trained to be rugged. daring and
alert" War Manpower Commission
Chairman Paul V. McNutt an
nounced today.
He proposed a national wartime
physical fitness program for boys
and girls that will require a aior
adjustment in administrative plan
ming and time allotment in high
schools.
He said activities would include
combatlve exercises, aquatics. gym
nastlcs. track and field events, and
! sports and team games.
The will and ability to win will be
the dominant note stressed in all
events Mr.. McNutt said
Program for Girls.
Comba tive exercises are not in
cluded in the program for girls he
added. Through aquatics and gym
nastlc games. he explained. they
/ will develop stamina and physical
strength
| The program is outlined in q
/ pamphlet Physical Fitness Through
PHYSICAL Education" prepared by
the Office of Education in connec-
ton with its plans for high school
victory corps. The Office of Edu-
cation is a member of the Federal
Security Agency, of which Mr..
McNutt is administrator
The pamphlet is a detailed guide
for teachers and administra tors in
VolVed in the new program. 1t ex-
plains that currently students
spend an average of two or three
| hours a week in physical education
classes learning principles of fair
play and sportsmanship, and par
ticipating in certain amount Of
exercise. The new program re-
qulred a minimum of five hours a
week and has two main detectives:
First, the development of strength.
endurance and stamina, and second,
the development of physical skills
. that will be Of direct value and use
in the armed forces and war work
Good Results Obtained.
District of Columbia schools put
this program in effect in September
| and good results are being obtained,
according to Hardy L. Pearce, di-
rector of health and physical edu-
cation for the District school sys-
| tenn
Mr.. Pearce said a series of articles
published by The Star proved most
helpful to us in securing the needed
finances to inaugurate our physical
fitness program"
Buy War savings stamps and help
stamp out the Axis.
Evening star., 1942-12-28

struck . submerged piling yesterday
morning as she attempted to dock
ct the foot of First street.
The boats captain, Antonio
Mitchell, Immediately called the
Coast Guard and the crew and a
portion Of the deck cargo was re-
moved. The District fireboat. re-
spending to . call, was held up for
several hours by dense fog. 1t was
stated.
Coast Guard officials said the boat
was resting on pile which pune
tured her hull under the No. hold
on the starboard side. Although the
Perseverance was said to be listing
badly to port, officials said water still
was being pumped from her hull in
an effort to get at the balance of
Evening star., 1942-12-28
Fireman S AIertness
Kept Toll Down in
Illinois Train Wreck
Closing Steam Valve
Prevented Seedlings
In G. & N. W. Accident
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
DIXON, ILL.,. Dec. 28.-Investiga-
tors today credited the quick think
ing of fireman with preventing a
heavier toll in the wreck of two
Chicago g. Northwestern Railroad
trains here in which two persons
died and 80 others were injured.
The lines mail train, westbound
from Chicago, plowed into the rear
of the transcontinental passenger
train, the San Francisco Challenger,
at the Dixon station shortly before
midnight Saturday. The Challenger
was carrying 489 passengers, many
Of them soldiers and sailors return
ing to their stations after Christ
mas furloughs.
Shuts OFF Steam Valve.
Harry R. Beisel, 80, of Melrose
Park, fireman on the mail train,
succeeded in closing off the live
steam valve just before being thrown
clear of the wreckage and thus pre-
vented possibly heavier toll of in
juries from scalding He then went
back to close a broken steam heat
ing line which was hampering rescue
work.
The dead were Chris Larson,
Chicago, engineer of the mail train
and Charles Voltz, Chicago, f1agman,
who was in the Challenger's rear
Pullman which was pushed by the
mail train locomotive under the car
Immediately ahead of it and
wrecked. Besides the flagman only
two other persons were in the rear
Pullman and they escaped injury.
10 Cars Derailed.
The impact of the crash derailed
three of the mail train cars and all
Is cars of the Challenger, which had
made scheduled stop shortly before
the wreck. The locomotive tender of
the mail train left the tracks, rolling
for about so feet before it crashed
into the baggage room of the Dixon
depot.
A Northwestern road spokesman
refused comment on possible causes
of the accident pending an examina-
ton by railroad and Interstate Com
merce Commission experts of au-
tomato train control mechanism
used on the line between Chicago
and Omaha.
Evening star., 1942-12-28
D. {. Fireboat Goes
To Aid Of Stricken
Graft al Alexandra
Coust Guard Removes
Crew After Vessel
Rams Hidden PiIine

An attempt was being made today
by the District flreboat and the
Coast Guard to keep q wooden cargo
boat afloat on her pier at Alexan-
dria 50 her load Of approximately
lis tons Of soybean meal can be
salvaged, Coast Guard ofncials re-
ported.
Ofncials said the vessel, Persever-
ance. carrying 4 cargo Of soybean
meal consigned to the Herbert Bry-
ant Fertilizer Co. of Alexandra
Evening star., 1942-12-28

her cargo and repair the damage.
The Perseverance, 110-foot
auxiliary motored wooden vessel of
800 tons is owned by the Davis
Milling Corp. of Norfolk, Va, and
was carrying a cargo consigned from
that firm to the Bryant company.
War bonds are the best buy on the
market today.
Evening star., 1942-12-28
60-Cent Dress at Weddina

At recent wedding at st. Mich
olas Church in London, Wilma May.
a bridesmaid, wore a dress of silver
and-gold- tinted paper costing so
cents.
Buy War savings stamps and help
stamp out the Axis.
Evening star., 1942-06-23
q, the Associated Press.

By The Associated Press.
BRITISH ADVANCE HEAD
QUARTERS IN THE EGYPTIAN
DESERT. June % Delayed "A
young army truck driver, one of the
few soldiers to escape from Tobruk,
disclosed today that the British
commander there surrendered only
when the town itself was overrun by
Axis forces which shattered the
outer defenses.
1T was worse than Dunkerque, y
he said, adding that he had seen
both.
The driver, Pvt. William George
Downes of London, limped into a
British advanced camp in midmorn-
ing today after surviving machine
gun fire, the sinking of tug in To-
bruk Harbor and the shelling of a
minesweeper at sea.
Jumped Into Blazing Harbor.
The real assault on the eastern
defenses of Tobruk started early
Saturday morning, Pvt. Downes said.
He had driven out of Wadi Auda,
northeast of the town, onto the
Bardia road, but turned back about
midday because the shelling be-
came terrific and he sighed Ger
man tanks. BY that time, he said,
shells were dropping everywhere,
Stukas were bombing and ma
chine guns and rifles we're cracking.
II made for the docks and got
there just as shell blew up a
building behind me-" he said. Some
ships we're leaving the harbor, and
/ got aboard a tug.
Evening star., 1942-06-23
Five RAF FLYERS Killed in Canadian Crash
Escaped Briton Says 7obruk
Was Worse Than Dunkerque

I'VE got two or three direct shell
hits amidships and the oil tanks
were ablaZe. Then shell hit the
stern. saw sailors jump overheard,
so I followed them.
The young Londoner told of the
horror of that swim through the
harbor, ablaze with oil. Wounded
men were about him in the water
some presumably drowning.
Picked Up by Torpedo Plane.
He said his cries attracted at
tention aboard mineSweeper,
which he believed to be South Afri-
can. and he was picked up.
BY the time darkness fell Tobruk
was a roaring inferno of exploding
shells and of fighting within the
town itself. he said.
The minesweeper was hit by one
shell, but got out to sea. with the
! fires of Tobruk, still visible in tht
distance.
/ Pvt. Downes said that when hi
awoke early Sunday three Italiar
! torpedo boats were approaching The
minesweeper. whose guns flnall!
were silenced. as the gunners were
killed The Italian ships kept uI
their fire, circling around the dam
aged craft.
Once more Pvt. Downes wen
oversize into the oil-coated water
This time he managed to swim to &
raft to which he and others clune
throughout the day watching the
minesweeper burn, but not sink.
He and the others we're picked ur
by a British torpedo plane which
took them to MatruR
Evening star., 1942-06-23
Eleanor Dudley, Medalist,
Beaten in First Round
Earlier Story on Page AIRY

Earlier Story on Page Airy
B, The Associated Press.
CHICAGO, June 23-An upset
featured the first day of match play
in the Women's Western Open golf
tournament today when Medalist
Eleanor Dudley of Chicago lost to
Marjorie Row of Detroit, l up in IL
holes.
Otherwise the favorites came
through as expected. Mrs. Russell
Mann of Omaha, Nebr., defeated
Frances Ann McCanna of Rockford
Ill. up; Georgia Tainter of Mem
phis, Tenn, won and 5 victory
over Margaret Gunther of Memphis,
Tenn; Dorothy Kirby of Atlanta,
Ga. defeated Mrs. Fred Krauss Of
Chicago, and 8. and Betty jane
son, twice national champion, of San
Antonio. Tex. won and 2 over Ann
Casey of Mason City. Iowa.
Evening star., 1942-06-23

he SdlO lIllS dlIeIIlOOll.
Mr.. Boyd's explanation was
prompted by news reports from
Akron. Ohio. where it was charged
that tires had been cut up although
they still we're good for several
thousand miles
The report quoted an Akron serv-
ice station proprietor as saying
that five tires used only 5000 miles
had been hacked into small pieces.
Ordinarily. reclaimers strip rubber
from tires while the tires are in
tact.
In Effect "a Hours.
Giving the background of the or
der. which was in effect only "a
hours and was Cancelled because of
the objections of one Government
department. Mr.. Boyd said:
The whole thing is merely an in
cident in a hurry-up Nationwide
campaign.
I'VE have had about 5000 tele-
grams from our local representa-
tives in all parts of the country re-
porting in detail progress OF this
drive for rubber and not one has
mentioned anything about tires hav-
ing been mutilated.
On June Is, acting on advice
which appeared sound. I sent
telegram to the State chairmen sug-
gesting mutilation, the only tnten-
ton being to make sure that all rub
Der coming into our hands should
reach reclaiming plants and not be
sold to the public.
The following day one Of the
Government departments concerned
convinced me that this was unde-
sirable because it might mean that
many tires that could be rehabili-
tated might thus be lost. Recogniz-
ing the wisdom of this later advice
I Cancelled forthwith the original
suggestion-on June l6.
First Suggestion Halted.
This prompt second telegram
probaly, in most instances, prevented
the first suggestion from ever being
passed on. Anyway the original sug-
gestion was in effect no more than
"a hours and it was probably not
even thoroughly distributed.
I'VE think that no harm whatso-
ever was done, and that very few
tire carcasus of any kind have been
destroyed by oil industry collectors.
We are still bringing in the rubber
for the stock pile without any con-
fusion anywhere having been re-
ported to me"
After ALL" Mr. Boyd concluded.
"the Petroleum War Council is not
in the scrap rubber business: its only
job is to collect scrap rubber as
quickly as possible and to turn it into
channels directed by the Govern
ment-there its responsibility ends"
Evening star., 1942-06-23
Chinese Score Successes
In Chekiang and kiangsi
Earlier Story on Page AID
.. 49, A.ea.;oknd prscs

Earlier Story on Page AID
By the Associated Press.
CHUNGKING. June 23-The
high commands communique to-
night reported the Chinese still
striking successfully at the enemy's S
extended lines of communications,
both in Chekiang Province, where
the recapture of Yuwi, south OF
Kinhwa, was claimed. and in
Kiangsi, where many points on the
outskirts of Linchwan were reported
occupied.
Linchwan is a base for Japanese
forces which have been driving due
southwark from Nanchang, the for
mer provincial capital.
The communique admitted that
a Chinese divisional commander,
Gen. Liu ting, had been cap
tured by the Japanese after suffer-
ing severe wounds.
Evening star., 1942-06-23
7O-MiIe.Wide Dimout Bell
Considered on East Coast
Py the Associated Press.

Py the Associated Press.
TRENTON, N. j., June 23.-Acting
Gov I. Grant Scott said today he
had been informed that military au-
thorities were contemplating a To-
mile-wide dimout belt along the
coast as a precaution against enemy
air raids.
Such a dimout, would cover the
entire State of New Jersey and ex-
tend we'll into Pennsylvania and
New York. Delaware and Connec-
ticut also would be affected.
Mr.. Scott said New Jersey civil
defense officials felt such move
was unnecessary.
Leonard Dreyfuss, State director
of civilian defense, will meet Rear
Admiral Adolphus Andrews, of the
Eastern Seaboard Command. tomor-
row in an effort to avoid unneces-
sary restrictions" Mr.. Scott said.
He added that civilian defense au-
thorities were attempting to learn
from the Army whether dimout Or
ders already in effect could be re-
laxed in certain areas.
Evening star., 1942-06-23
Move 10 '0bIiterate'
Congress Charged by
Dies Committee
Union for Democratic
Action Is Accused Of
Engineering Compoien
BY tfe Associated Press.

BY Ift Associated Press.
The Dies committee charged in
a special report today that the
Union for Democratic Action,
which it identified as a Commu-
mist organization, had engineered
a campaign Ito obliterate the
Congress of the United States as
a co-equal and independent
branch of our Government"
IF this movement ever reaches
its fulfillment in the Ratification of
the American Government, we shall
find ourselves bearing striking re-
semblance to the hateful thing
against which we are now mobilizing
our total resources" the committee
said.
The comparatively brief report
made public by Representative
Starnes, Democrat. of Alabama in
Chairman Dies absence. said the
issue in America is not the restora
ton. but the preservation of the
political institutions of freemen."
This issue the committee de-
clared, "compels us to take cognl-
zance of widespread movement to
discredit the legislative branch OF
our Government" and. simply
stated. is whether the Congress of
the United States shall be the
reality or the relic of American de-
mocracy.'
The committee described the
Union for Democratic Action as an
organization composed chiefly OF
individuals who have been signif1-
cant part of the interlocking direc-
torate of the Communist movement
In the United States"
Evening star., 1942-06-23
New Persian Gulf Port Rushed
ToSpeed Supplies to Russia

American engineers are engaged
in other important developments in
the Persian Gulf area, and the Brit
ish are completing various rail prof.
ects, including link to connect
Teheran, the Iran capital. with
Tabriz in the north. This will COM
plete an all-rail route from the gulf
to Batum, the Caucausian oil CEN
ter, Tif1is and Moscow.
At one base, American bombers
which are ferried over the South
Atlantic, then across Africa and
Asia Minor in surprisingly few hops,
are speedily put into shape for the
Russians. Russian airmen then
take them up on their last lap to
the battle lines.
Evening star., 1942-06-23
Ways and Means Unit
Aqrees on Postwar
Credit Formula
Refund Would Equal l4%
Of Corporations Income
Subject to Profits Levy
Earlier Story on Page A-4.)

Earlier Story on Page A-4)
2, ttt Associated Press.
The House Ways and Means
Committee tentatively agreed
today to a postwar credit for
corporations equal to IA per cent
of that part of their income
which is subject to the excess
profits tax rate of 94 per cent.
Chairman Doughton announced
that the committee had agreed to
a formula which would mean post
war credits of about $1,000, 900 600
annually on the basis of estimated
taxes to be paid this year
The refund would be effected by
redemption of bonds issued to the
taxpayer which would mature over
a three-year period beginning one
year after the end of the war.
Non-Negotiable Bonds.
The bonds would be non-nego-
table and non interest bearing and
payments the corporations would re-
ceive when the bonds are redeemed
woul>. be subject to capital gains
tax of IS per cent.
Proceeds from the bonds, the COM
mittee stipulated, could not be used
by the corporations to pay divl-
dends. bonuses or salaries or to in
crease cash reserves or to buy Sc
curities.
The committee earlier had decided
to include contract carriers, as well
as common carriers, in the 5 per
cent tax it has decided to impose
on freight and express shipments.
Not Yet Defined.
Whipping the s6,640, 900 900 reve-
nue. bill into final shape. the COM
mittee decided not to write in any
special provisions for corporations
now in debt, or for deduction Of in
dividual insurance premiums from
taxable income
Contract carriers have not been
defined vet for the purposes of the
bill but it was learned that the COM
mittee had in mind, for example,
trucking companies in interstate
business which did not do business
for the public generally, but made
exclusive contracts with merchants
to handle their hauling.
Evening star., 1942-06-23
Bergdo|| Asks Pardon
In Order 10 Enlist
In Army Air Forces
Attorney Says Droft
.Dodeer Wants Chance
To Prove His Loyalty
Ry the Associated Press.

NEW YORK, June 23.-Groyer
Cleveland Bergdoll, best known
draft dcdger of the last war and
now in prison. asked Attorney
General Biddle today to obtain a
presidential pardon for him so he
might enlist in the United States
Air Forces or in any other branch
of the armed services and redeem
himself by fighting for his coun-
try. He is 48.
Bergdoll's plea was contained in a
letter sent to Mr.. Biddle by Joseph
C. Thomson, former State COM
mander of the Veterans of Foreign
Wars, who is defending Bergdoll in
a $1,000 action brought in State Su-
preme Court by German refugees for
services allegedly rendered Bergdoll
in Germany in 1926.
Mr.. Thomson told Mr. Biddle that
Bergdoll's plea to enlist was not
trick to obtain freedom. Bergdoll
who lived in Germany for many
years after fleeing the United States
wanted, he said. ito help the Ger
man people unshackle themselves
from the vicious grip of the Austrian
paperhanger"
The letter set forth that before
1917 Bergdoll was an aviator ano
that in 1914 he was flying his owr
plane. 1t said further that Bergd0l
was pro German from 1914 to 1917
and it was not fear that drove him
to violation of the draft laws. but
1t was his unalterable opposition, a,
the time, to our war with Germany.
He has now served three years
in prison for his sin in World War
l." the letter said. He is the only
human being now in Jail for sins
committed in World War l. He il
ready, at this moment, to enlist ir
the Army Air Corps or any Other
branch of the Army, Navy or Marine
Corps to prove his Americanism il
released. Mr.. Bergdoll is not 6
coward His position in the first
World War was due entirely to hi.
German sympathies and not to any
personal or physical lack of cOur-
age"
The suit involving Bergdoll, in its
eighth day before Justice Lloyo
Church, was instituted by Mrs. Jo-
hanna Marum, widow of Ludwig
Marum. a German lawyer who dice
in a concentration camp, and hi:
law partner. Albert Nachman. Mrs
Marum and Mr.. Nachman are
refugees. They contend Bergdol
paid only $1,000 of a $4,000 fee tc
the firm of Marum e. Nachman
which represented Bergdoll wher
he was acquitted in Germany ir
1926 on charge of impairing the
morals of a minor.
Evening star., 1942-06-23
By TIE Associated Press.

By tie Associated Press.
BASRA, Iraq June 23-Construc-
ton of new Persian Gulf port to
speed supplies to Russia is being
pushed vigorously by American nom
combatants on site that previously
was nothing but sand and swamp.
Hundreds of bombers, thousands
of trucks and much other material
have passed through the Persian
Gulf to Soviet armies by means of
the elaborate organization built up
to insure their rapid transport.
The time required to turn about
the ships which bring supplies has
been reduced by half. according to
weu-informed sources.
Evening star., 1942-06-23
Late Race Results
Charles Town
Earlier Results Selections and Entries for Tomorrow

THIRD RACE-Purse, S400; claiming,
3-yesr-olds and upward; about : furlones.
Strumming tKirk) $50 $50 3.So
Broomoria tAcosta) go $40
Vantryst (Wrght) 300
Time, :319s.
Also ran-Most Alert. Star CanteI.
Etorminess. Miss SCOT. Joe Smoky.
DAILY Double Paid 81 52.2O)
FOURTH RACE-Purse, S4O0; claiming
3-year-olds and upward; lIs miles.
Battle Line (PaIumbo) go $50 30
High Blame (Fort 4.4O 30
City Judge (Bletzacker) $50
Time, :5445. ~ W.,
Also ran-Alseleda, Windsor Chief, Two
Aces and Sistaur.
FIFTH RACE-Purse S400: claiming
4-yesr-olds and up; about 4l2 furlongs.
Fbct WEBER $500 1900 400
Pandoramint tScocca) SO ~
Clocks (Fort) -fo
Time. o:53.
Also raf1-Sonny H., Dabs, Time Her. In
Port,
Evening star., 1942-06-23
Markets at q Glance

NEW YORK. June % tP).-
Stocks steady; selective bids prop
list. Bonds higher; rails lead
recovery. Cotton irregular; trade
buying and liquidation.
CHICAGO: Wheat lower; fa-
vorable weather; price legisla-
ton uncertainties. Corn steady;
strength in hogs. Hogs active;
strong to 10 higher; top, sl4.60;
light supply. Cattle-Steers,
yearlings, steady in slow trade.
Evening star., 1942-06-23
Lawmakers Must
Choose Between
Army and Congress
p, the Associated Press.

p, the Associated Press.
Representative Martin, Re-
publican, of Iowa said today he
had been advised by the War
Department that the Presi-
dent had issued a directive
against any member of Con-
gress taking temporary duty
in the armed forces after July l.
He said he understood the
directive would affect members
of Congress now on leave of
absence and already serving
with the armed forces.
They will be required" Rep
resentative Martin said, ito
declare their intention to stay
in the service for the dura-
ton of the war or be dis
charged. In other words, all
temporary duty will be out for
Congressman"