davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1942-12-10
Strict Liquor
(urbs Sought
Would Bolster
Dry Ordinances

LANSING, Dec. 10 up -
Ralph Thomas, chairman of the
liquor control commission, said
today his agency would ask the
legislature to set up stringent
statutory limitations on the sale
of intoxicants in clubs in areas
where public sale of liquor by
the glass is prohibited by local
ordinance.
THE legislature should de-
eide whether the state should be
party to abrogating local ordi-
nances," Thomas said. 1T is one
of the serious problems, and one
which the law itself should solve
without posing it to an appoint
i've commission"
Thomas said he was aware
many clubs in areas which
would be affected by a change
in the law are bona fide organi-
cations, but asserted others have
been licensed by predecessor
commissions which appeared to
have been formed largely to de-
feat the purposes of local option
dry" votes.
Camping down on the sale
of intoxicants to minors, and
other serious violations, the
commission disclosed it was
about three quarters through"
a survey of drinking establish
ments in the state.
Thomas said that with a staff
OF ID inspectors, five of them
assigned to the Detroit area, the
commission could not make a
more thorough survey.
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1942-12-10
Ann Sheridan Is Off
10 Divorce Husband
Will Leave Screen
Stor George Brent

BURBANK, CALF, Dec. 10
-(R-Red-haired Ann Sheri-
dan, the film actress, left by air.
liner for Mexico City today 10
get a divorce from her screen
star husband, George Brent.
Miss Sheridan had no COM
ment except that she expected to
return as soon as her objective
was achieved.
She married Brent at Palm
Beach, Fla, last Jan. 5 and they
separated Sept. 20.
The actress is the former wife
of Eddie Norris, also of the
movies. Brent was married pre-
viously to actresses Ruth Chat
terton and Constance Worth.
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1942-12-10

rationing or business restrictions
are in prospect.
Meat and dairy products ra-
tioning in the United States
might force Canada to recon-
slider, because the two countries
economics are so closely CORE
lated, particularly in wartime.
Barring that, economists believe
that the Dominion will get by
very we'll with both meat and
dairy products.
A temporary butter shortage
is attributed to boarding, which
can not outlast cold weather. Be-
ginning in January, hoarders
are expected to begin using their
butter in anticipation of warm
er weather. This will relieve the
pressure until summer pasturage
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1942-12-10
Richmond Couple Fetes
50th Wedding Anniversary

RICHMOND - Mr.. and Mrs
Rudolph Paetzel, residents here
for the past 20 years, OBJ
served their fiftieth wedding
anniversary in their home on
Main street Sunday.
Approximately forty members
of their immediate family at
tended. Mr.. Paetzel, who is "a
years old and Mrs. Paetzel who
is SO, were both born in Casco
township and were prominent
farmers in Casco township and
Lenox township until their re-
tirement 20 years ago. They
were married Dec. 7, 1892.
Mr.. Paetzel has four sisters,
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1942-12-10

boosts production and brings a
surplus.
MEAT OUTLOOK BRIGHT
The cattle population has risen
substantially, and a record. grain
crop for feeding means that each
carcass will have more pounds
of meat on it when marketed.
Hog production has increased
so greatly that, very soon, there
will be enough pork to satisfy
Canada's CTS, 000-pound commit
ments to England and still pro-
vide for normal home needs.
Milk production is up substan-
TALLY, and large quantities of
milk products are being shipped
abroad.
Canada is not worrying about
having plenty of good food.
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1942-12-10
Earnest Workers Club
10 sponsor Dinner

The Earnest Workers Club
VIII sponsor membership din
ner at the home of Mrs. C. w.
burdette, so Barbara street on
Monday December IA at 7 p. m.
Business meeting and election of
officers will follow and a full
attendance is desired
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1942-12-10

HOLLYWOOD - Here's one
film scene that had better be
right the first time.
1t calls for Actor j. Lee Cobb
to put away big porterhouse
steak. The studio found one, and
it's reposing in the refrigerator.
If there has to be a retake."
says Director Irving Pichel, Il
hope Cobb likes hamburger"
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1942-12-10
WPA Liquidation
Drops 1855
from Aid Rolls

LANSING, Dec. 10 - R -
Liquidation of the Works Prof.
ects Administration and direct
relief programs in Michigan
have dropped 32,566 persons
from public assistance rolls in
the past seven months, John d.
O'Connell, state welfare direc-
tor, reported today.
O'Connell reported that In
seven months the direct relief
load had fallen from 1892
cases to 1878 currently, and
that the WPA had dropped from
30,778 cases to 1851 currently.
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1942-12-10
INITIATIVE

INITIATIVE
DENVER - A group of bust
nessmen in Douglas, Wyo.. real
~ mean business about bringing
in scrap metal.
They trekked 40 miles into
the mountains and spent five
days wrecking a cotton steam
engine. Then they had to build
six temporary bridges and sew
eral miles of road to haul the
pieces to Douglas.
It cost them $3.50, but it boost
ed their salvage total TO ESQ.,
900 pounds.
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1942-12-10

SEATTLE-Dletetic report on
the tastes of Mrs. George Bar
ney's highly individualistic cat:
She eats vegetables and does
mt care for meat. She prefers
water to milk. And she really
Yields a tooth on corn on the
cob.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1942-02-19
Nine MERMAIDS TO APPEAR AT
SWIMMING MEET This weekend
State Competition Set for
Virginia on Friday and
Saturday.

Nine members Of the girls swimming
team will compete In the state swim
ming meet at Virginia Friday anc
Saturday.
The preliminaries will be conducted
at 7:30 p. m. on the first day, anC
the finals at 8 p. m. on the second
Diving preliminaries are scheduled fol
p. m. Saturday, but they will not
concern Ely, because Tor the first time
since Ely has participated in the state
event the team has no divers.
Coach Leonard Klun of the Ely boys
team will act as one of the officials.
A mixed crew of seniors, sophomores
and generous sprinkling of fresh
men will carry the red and white of
Memorial high in the state COMPETE
ton. Five have participated in the
state event, while four will be making
their initial appearance.
Competing for Memorial high for
the last time viii be Capt. Waynetta
Hill, Dolores Butala, and Margaret
Ferderber Sophomores are Joyce
Butala and Ona Myntti, and f1rst-year
students, Betty Carlson, Leone Mar
kovich, Iona Mills, and Kristine
Zeleznikar.
Veterans who appeared at the 1941
event are Captain Hill, the two Butala
girls who incidentally are sisters, Mar
kovich, and Carlson. Emily Grahek
will act as manager.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1942-02-19
'ELY-T0WER thriller
ON SCHEDULE FRIDAY
Local Fans Warned to be
on Hand Early If They
Expect Admittdnce.

Memorial high will face its tough
est pre-tournament assignment Fri
day night when it travels to Tower fol
a game to be played in the Tower
gymnasium. =
Local fans planning on following the
club to the west Vermilion range city
are warned to be on hand early, or
like last year, they will never secure
admtttance to the gymnasium. It also
might be good move to phone before
leaving to see if seats will be available
upon arrival.
OF all the games played by these
ancient rivals, this one promises to
be the hardest fought and with the
most at stake.
Tower is still a game ahead of Ely
in district u standings, both winning
last weeks encounters. A win for Ely
Friday will give it undisputed pos
session of third in the standings and
will drop Tower to fourth. Like the
war, defeat for Ely isn't being con-
sidered so will not be discussed here.
The Ely win" in the game here that
turned out later to be a defeat has
the club vowing vengeance in unpre-
cedented manner After Memorial
high had turned back Tower, 37-35, in
a sudden seath third overtime period
the game was awarded to Tower, 1888,
because high school rules declared that
the second overtime shall be a sudden
death period.
The towering Tower players whose
work under the basket brought them
victory here will present a powerful
obstacle to Ely's challenge. But Coach
Vern Miller will have to produce a
new trick if he expected to down
Coach Steve Smrekar's irked pro-
teges again.
A game at Gilbert next week will
complete the schedule.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1942-02-19
Miss Grevich to Make Final
Coaching Appearance at
Queen City.

Heading the girls swimming de-
partment at Memorial high for the
past nine years, Miss Madalynne
Grevich win make her final appearance
with the mermaids at the state meet
this weekend in Virginia. She will be
married Monday in Duluth.
Miss Grevich came to Ely from
Fort Wayne, Ind, where she was a
swimming teacher. During the time
she was at the helm of the girls team
here she developed many outstanding
paddlers, three of them garnering state
titles and many others losing out in
the finals by slim margins.
The local club held the state diving
crown two consecutive years, Miss
Ruth Martinetti taking it first and
Miss Mable Lampi succeeding her.
Then along came Peggy Lambert,
now a junior college student, who lost
out in the finals by about the slimmest
margin possible, 3 of a point.
Mrs. Roland Ericsson, who was then
Miss Marie Sarkipato, captured both
the 1O0-yard and 50-yard breast stroke
crowns at the state meet.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1942-02-19

NEED CASH? If you have job, you
IN can get a Household Finance
loan at very reasonable cost. Suppose
you borrow SIS and repay in four
monthly instruments of $6.65 each, a
total of $3.50. The cost of your loan
is only $l.60. Or take a $50 loan re-
paid in four monthly instruments of
$3.50 each, totaling $500. You pay
just $500 for your loan. A 500 loan,
repaid in six monthly instruments of
$ls.l8 each, costs only S9.08.
All you do
You may apply for any loan shown in
the table. And you may choose the
payment plan which best fits your
own income. So why not phone or
visit us now for information? All you
do to apply for a Household loan is to
tell us how much you need and how
you wish to repay. You need no en-
dorsers or guarantors-just the ability
torepay in small monthly instruments.
This saves you the embarrassment of
asking friends or fellow-workers to
sign the loan papers with you. Your
friends, relatives or employers are not
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1942-02-19
ELY SWIMMER
IS UNDEFEATED
women Ends Second Year OF
Dual Meet Competition
Without Setback.
Boys Results.
Hibbing As, Ely %.
Eveleth 81, Coleraine "a.
Virginia 38, Chisholm Is.

Melvin women, Memorial high star
breast stroke swimmer, is well on his
way to establishing an all-time record
for the school.
Indicated in the l00-yard event in
two years of dual meet competition,
Women, a junior student, still has an
other year of competition ahead of
him.
women has consistently cracked the
state meet record for 60-foot pools,
and turned the trick again in the
Hibbing meet here Saturday after
noon.
Ely and Hibbing split first places
in the individual events, each getting
three, but the visitors copied both
relays to win, As to %. This completes
the schedule
The summary:
40-yard free-A. Seliskar, Ely, first;
w. Peterson, Hibbing, second; w. Le-
Beau, Ely, third. Time, :214.
100-yard breast-Melvin women, Ely,
first; Jim Atkinson, Hibbing, second;
Henry Bubley, Hibbing, third. Time,
1:05.5.
22o-yard free-W. Grey, Hibbing,
first; Bob Masterson, Hibbing, second;
Levar, Ely, third. Time, 2:31.7.
lO0-yard back-D. Annala, Ely, first;
Steve Patchin, Hibbing, second; G..
Paterson, Ely, third. Time, 1:l3.5.
100-yard free-GeTy Raul, Hibbing,
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1942-02-19

Successfully Sailing to controlling
the ball during the final there minutes,
except for a few brief seconds, Ely
eked out a 22-21 win over Mt. Iron
here Friday night.
Those few final seconds that the
Mountaineers had the ball, however,
were put to excellent use as Bill
Sutich, center, slipped in pot shot
to bring the Red Raiders within one
point of a tie. There were Is seconds
to go as the red and white took the
ball out of bounds, and the boys sue
cessfully, although at times narrowly,
kept it away from clutching Raiders
fingers to win with the horn.
The visitors took an early lead that
was not overcome until baskets by Ed
Chachich and Al Logar just as the
first quarter enned an free throw by
Keith Brownen as the second began
put Ely in the van, 81. Mt. Iron sank
a basket to once again go ahead, 9-8,
and it was then that Ely exhibited its
best scoring drive.
It's fast breaking offensive carried
sharpshooters in for their only pot
shots of the game as Chachich, Brow
nell, Bird, and Chachich, again con-
nected in short order to give Ely a
winning 1879 margin. From then on
Ely counted only points, but its STALL
ing tactics in the final quarter were
responsible for the scoring famine.
Tho Iov ccO,,a.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1942-02-19
HERMAN
Novak and Wire Skeleton
Star for Manchester.

Joe Novak, stellar guard on the Mac
alester college basketball team, has
enlisted in the naval reserves, but will
not go into active service until he is
graduated this spring.
A short time ago Novak was leading
the Minnesota conference scoring, but
he gives all the credit TO Herman,
a little wire skeleton that he carried
with him at all times. Herman" he
says, will go into abe navy with him.
Novak's addition of Herman" to
his basketball weapons is something
new, and he didn't have and such
assistance when he was carrying the
scoring burden for the Ely junior
college club, setting an all-time record
until the towering Torsti Franti came
along to break it,
The st. Paul Pioneer Press carried
feature story and picture on what
Herman" had done for Novak and
the Manchester basketball team.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1942-02-19
DROP THRILLER
TO QUEEN CITY
Ely Mermaids Downed, 4S-44,
Here in Nip-and-Tuck
Dual Meet.

The Memorial high girls lost {
thrilling 1914 swimming meet Il
Virginia Saturday afternoon in thu
local pool, but disqualification in thu
final event, the medley relay, took
points from Ely's total. But for thai
the count would have been 48-47
| Virginia
The local girls made splendid show
ing inasmuch as they spotted thu
Queen City points in the diving be.
cause Ely had no one entered ir
| this event.
Captain Waynetta Hill won the 40
yard free, the next to the last event
by a split second over her Virgins
! opponent to put Ely in the van, A.
A. That made the medley the decid-
| ing competition, with points for the
| victor, and for the loser. The Queer
City won the relay and the meet.
Another breath-taker was the 40
yard back stroke in which Ely's Betty
Carlson and Elaine Frost of Virgins
| tied for first.
The summary:
80-yard relay-Virginia first DEITY
Huhtala, Elaine Frost, Joyce Novotny
Jean Frarey). Ely, second Oeone
Markovich, Ona Myntti, Kristine
zeleznikar and Waynetta Hill. Time
| :42.5.
100 breast-Leone Markovich, Ely
first; Joyce Butala, Ely, second; Jennie
Tavchar, Virginia, third; Beverly
Lerch, fourth. Time, 1905.
100-yard back-Betty Carlson, Ely
first; Joyce Novotny, Virginia, second
Mildred Liennsuu, Virginia, third, and
Doris Alfalfa, Ely, fourth. Time, 1892
10O-yard free-Waynetta Hill, Ely
first; Betty Huhtala, Virginia, second;
Marie Jaarni, Virginia, third, and
Margaret Ferderber, Ely, fourth Time
1:13.7.
Diving-Elaine Roberts, Virginia
first, and Betty Usitalo, Virginia
second.
40-yard breast-Leone Markovich
Ely, first; Joyce Butala, Ely, second;
Carmella Debreto, Virginia, third
Cynthia Best, Virginia, fourth. Time
| :316.
40-yard back-Betty Carlson, Ely
and Elaine Frost, Virginia, tied fol
first; Joyce Novotny, Virginia, third
Iona Mills, Ely, fourth. Time, 1901.
40-yard free-Waynetta Hills, Ely
first; Jean Frarey, Virginia, second
Kristine zeleznikar, Ely, third; Mar.
ilyn McCurdy, Virginia, fourth. Time
| :240.
! 120-yard medley-Virginia, first. (Vir.
GINA Reuter-, Cynthia Beste, Betty
Huhtala). Ely disqualified. Time oil :.
| 1:274.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1942-02-19
Ely Seconds Win In
Overtime at HarbOrS

The Ely second string won a
thrilling 21-19 game from Two Har-
bors Saturday night, but it took two
overtime periods to decide the issue.
Ray Johnson put the ball through
the hoop in sudden death second
overtime, after the first period was
scoreless. 1t was Marolt's basket tie
ing the count at 10 all as the regular
playing time ended that gave Ely a
chance at victory.
Ely reserves downed Mt. Iron Fri
day night in another thriller, 24-23.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1942-02-19
City League Championship
Tournament Starts Monday

The CYO Blues and the high school
will meet at p. m. Monday in Mem
orial gymnasium to inaugurate the
city basketball league championship
tournament.
Paired the same evening are the
College Bombers and Co. 704, and
the Globe Trotters and the Coop.
The Independents drew bye.
Tuesday at p. m. the winner of
the CYO-H. S. game will meet the
winner of the Co. 704-Bomber game
in the first semi-final contest, while the
winner of the Trotters- Coop game
will engage the Independents.
The finals are set for Wednesday at
8 p. m.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1942-02-19
]. C. TRAVELS TO N0RTHLAND
SATURDAY FOR RETURN GAME
Tough Going is Foreseen If
Victory Here is to be
Repeated.

Ely junior college viii travel to Ash
land, Wis, Saturday for a return game
with Northland.
The jaysees outpointed Northland,
51-41, here two weeks ago, but they
can expect tougher going on the North
land floor.
The club kept an engagement at
Virginia last night, an account of which
appears on the opposite page.
The seasons finale is set for Friday
of next week here with Duluth. This
game will ring down the basketball
curtain in Memorial gym for the cur
rent campaign.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1942-02-19

notified. You get your loan simply
and privately.
Household Finance loans are made
in two ways. First way: On your per-
sonal note. No security required. Note
loans are made, under proper condi-
tons, to both single persons and mar
ried couples. Second way: On your
car. This plan may suit you Lest. At
Household character and income are
far more important than the value of
your security. Your loan will be made
the way which is best for you.
Why pay more?
Payments in the table include all
charges. You pay nothing more.
Households charge Isl 12% per month
on unpaid balances. The Small Loan
Law permits us to charge substantially
more than this. We publish our rates
and payments to help you compare
costs, to help you shop for your loan.
If you need money, see us at
once. Or just phone for information.
We are always ready to make help
full loans. Phone or visit us without
obligation.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1942-02-19
first; Angelo Fraboni, Hibbing, second

first; Angelo Fraboni, Hibbing, second;
A. Seliskar, Ely, third. Time, :57.5.
Diving-Cal Wedmer, Hibbing, first;
Tornfelt, Ely, second; Herranen, Ely,
third.
180-yard medley-Hbbing, first
Oedmer, Adkins and KauD. Time,
1:E1.
160-yard relay-Hibbing, first (Gray,
Fraboni, Peterson, KolstaO. Time,
1928.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1942-02-19
Two Harbors %, Ely Is

In the van all the way, Two Har-
bors avenged an earlier 1-point defeat
by downing Ely, 28-15, on the AgateS
floor Saturday night.
It was conceded that Memorial high
would have a difficult time on the
Two Harbors' court, and the Agates
have a long record of victories at
home that they made sure would not
be marred by an Ely win.
The host team was ahead, III, at
the half, and 25-11 as the final quar-
ter began. The Ely sharpshooters could
deliver but six baskets, low for the
season.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1942-02-19
BASKETBALL
DISTRICT ~.

Ely IL, MI. iron Il.
Central, Duluth, 81, Virginia %.
Tower IS, Gilbert Is.
Biwabik Is, Eveleth %.
Mt. Iron 38, Eveleth 20.
Two Harbors %, Ely Is.
IntI Falls %, Gilbert q.
FRIDAY.
Aurora at Virginia.
Ely at Tower.
Biwabik at Gilbert.
Mt. Iron at init Falls.
SATURDAY.
Cloquet at Eveleth.
Duluth Cathedral at Aurora.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1942-02-19
Chinese Name for China

The present Chinese name for
China is "Chung Hua Min Kuo,"
meaning Central Flowery Republi-
can Country.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1942-02-19
Difference In Billion

A billion as defined in America IL
q thousand millions, and in England,
a billion is defined as a million
millions.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1942-02-19
LEAGUE STANDINGS.

The City Basketball League will
wind up its regular season schedule
this week.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1942-02-19
NORTHERN JUNIOR
COLLEGE CONFERENCE

Ooes not include Ely's games)
Feb. 19-Itasca at Brainerd.
Feb. 20-Duluth at Hibbing.
Feb. 21-Crosby at Duluth.
Feb. 25-Hibbing at Virginia.
Feb. 27-Crosby at Itasca, 'Hibbing
at Rochester.
Feb. 28-Itasca at Eveleth, 'Hibbing
at Austin.
Mar. 5-Virginia at Itasca.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1942-02-19
Milk by Plane

Milk and ice cream are delivered
by airplane 10 the mining camps in
northern Canada. In some locali-
ties the miners pay a dollar for
quart Of milk.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1942-02-19
Woman Suffrage

New Zealand, in 1893, was the first
country in the world to grant wofn-
en- complete suffrage.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1942-02-19
AT STATE
SKI TOURNAMENT

Robert Olson took 14th place in a
field of A jumpers at the state high
school ski meet held at Chester park
in Duluth Saturday
The length of Olson's Jump and his
total points, and those for two other
Ely ooy,,Y,otitorc fo11ou,.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1942-02-19

Where Opium Comes From
Opium is derived from the white
p,ppy.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1942-02-19
COLLEGE CONFERENCE.

Duluth 81, Brainerd 38.
Eveleth So, Crosby 40.
Itasca So, Ely 98.
Gustavus So, Virginia A.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1942-02-19
HOW YOU CAN GET
IA IS LOAN
AT A TOTAL COST OF *16O

Repay in four monthly instruments Of $6.65 each, a
total of $266o-No endorsers or gvoroniors required
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1942-02-19
ELY
JUNIOR COLLEGE

Feb. 21-At Northland.
Friday, Feb. 27-Duluth, here.
Worcester Democrat and the ledger-enterprise. (Pocomoke City, Md.) 1921-1953, 1942-08-28
INCESSANT RAINS HURT
CROPS ON THE SHORE

1t rained hard one hour - cleared
up the next and then rained again
This has been the record in this sec
ton of the weather which has soaked
and covered in some places the land.
The cantaloupe crop, fortunately
was about over when the rainy spell
started in and this crop, one of the
best paying in years, escaped serious
damage except in very late crops.
The tomato crop valuable both from
the growers standpoint and the war
production program is reported to be
hit pretty heavy, although much of
this had been harvested and taken to
the canning houses. This crop, how
ever, usually runs up to near the frost