davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-05-28
Sports Program
For LocuI Fans
TODAY.
Baseball.

TO-DAY.
Baseball.
Boston VS.. Washington, GrifIith
Stadium, 9.
Weight Lifting.
District A. A. U. championship
and Mr.. Washington body beau
ttul contest, Y. M. c. A., 8.
TOMORROW.
Baseball.
Washington at New York.
Central at Roosevelt (high
school series), 4.
Wilson at Eastern (high school
series), 4.
Gonzaga at Bethesda, $3.50.
Coli.
High school series: Western vs..
Anacostia at Woodmont, Coolidge
VS.. Roosevelt at Manor, Central
VS.. Tech at Washington, 4.
Track.
Georgetown in I. c. "A meet,
New York.
SATURDAY.
Baseball.
Washington at New York.
Football.
Two intrasquad games be-
tween MARYLAND players demon.
strating IT" formation system,
College Park, 2::30.
Track.
Georgetown in I. c. "A meet,
New York.
Horse Show.
Manor Hunt Club, Brook Johns
farm. Norbeck, Md, 10.
Evening star., 1942-05-28

laws, and who has been working
steadily to keep the waters of the
Old Dominion clean, would relish a
workable answer to the same ques-
ton.
Industry Aggravates Condition.
Increased industrial development
in the State in recent months has
aggravated greatly the pollution
problem. Many important streams
are losing their finny populations
and all aquatic life In them is
threatened seriously.
Virginia has law against pollu-
ton of any waters, but the maxi
mum fine Of 5000 often makes pay
ing for violation easier than cor
recting the condition. During cha
otic war times wastes are dumped
in the easiest and quickest manner.
Individuals can do their part by
reporting pollution.
Sale of Duck Stamps Up.
Remember that duck stamp for
which you shelled, out q buck to
make your State license legal ex-
cuse to bag wild waterfowl? Last
year the sale mounted to l,260,8l0,
according to figures just released by
the United States Fish and Wildlffe
Service; approximately 10000 more
than in the preceding year.
These complications always are
months late and therefore did not
include the present hunting season,
during which no doubt there was a
like increase.
Even though the Atlantic f1yway
is counted equal to the Mississippi.
again not a single coastal State was
In the first five.
Minnesota sold 1881 to take top
honors for another year. Michigan
fell Just short of the 100000 mark.
with Wisconsin. California and
Texas following in order.
To remind you. proceeds from the
sale of duck stamps" are ear
marked for the establishment and
Evening star., 1942-05-28
Hawkins
Continued From Page C-l0

ding them in an exclusive sort OF
style, with a "you-take-it, no-I1l-
take-it," attitude that wasn't ap-
preciated by the crowd.
The Red Sox mustered two runs
in the first inning. when Jimmy
Pofahl contributed two errors. then
nicked Newsom for two more in the
fifth. Newsom and Alexandra Car
rasquel collaborated in yielding four
runs In the sixth and the Red Sox
produced their final two runs of
Carrasquel in the eighth.
The Mats, who obtained their first
hit of Judd in the fifth inning when
Mickey Vernon opened with a single,
manufactured their only run in the
ninth when Estalella doubled to left
and later scored as Third Baseman
Joe Cronin messed up Bob Repass
double-play grounder by pegging
wild past Bobby Doerr at second.
Evening star., 1942-05-28
Unbeaten Navy Yard
Nine Shows Way in
CoIored League

Although idle during the week be-
cause of rain, Navy Yard remains in
first place in Division l Of the Dis
trict Recreation Colored Govern
ment Softball League. Navy team
No. 2 with two victories moved into
second place as 1t defeated War Or
dinance, 21-5, and Bureau of Stand
ards, 5-10.
In the other Division / game,
National Institute Of Health defeated
Bureau OF Engraving, 60.
Two games were played in Divi-
sion 2. Bureau of Engraving nosed
out Post ONCE, 4-3, and Navy No.
swamped Census, 1873.
Standings:
Evening star., 1942-05-28
Ace BowIers 10 Fire
As New Alexandria
Plant Is Opened
Array Of Civic Leaders
Attend Christening
Of 32-Drive Alley

After Mayor William T. wilkins of
Alexandria rolls the first ball, six Of
the foremost duckpin shooters Of
this section will fire away in the
christening ceremonies of the new
Alexandria Recreation Center to-
morrow night starting at o'clock.
Lou jenkins, Washington's No. l
bowler who appears to have a lock
this season on the No. l national
crown worn by Astor Clarke for the
last six years heads the cast Of
stars which will include Perce Wolfe
of HyattSville, who leads the top
notchers Of this area with an av-
erage of 1884 for 102 games in
the Prince Georges County League;
Karl Gochenour, new National Cap
ital League champion; Billy Stalcup
of Rosslyn and one Of the leading
sweepstakes winners this season,
and Frank Davis and Eppa Kane Of
Alexandria.
Others expected to attend the
opening of the sparkling 32-alley
plant, which is located at Mont
gomery and North st. Asaph streets,
are City Manager Carl L. Budwesky,
Representative Howard w. Smith,
Judge william P. Woolls, Judge
James R. Duncan, City Treasurer
Roger Sullivan, Police Capt. Edgar
Sims. Fire Chief James M. Duncan
and Martin E. Greene, secretary OF
Alexandria Chamber Of Commerce.
Jack Tulloch, whose name Is syn
onymous with sports In Alexandria,
is manager of the plant. and Russ
Diehl, who also directs several other
bowling establishments. including
the Brookland Recreation, Is gen.
eral manager.
Built by Charles H. Tompkins &
Co., cafeteria and community
meeting room augment the two air.
conditioned floors of Is alleys each.
The new drives will be open to the
public Saturday afternoon starting
at o'clock.
Evening star., 1942-05-28
beaned Sand|ot Star
Slightly Improved;
Injuries Grow
Remington Case Is One
OF Epidemic Morrine
industrial League

Jack Remington. Center Market
star who was struck on the head
with a pitched ball yesterday in a
game on the Ellipse, was reported
Slightly improved today at Emer-
gency Hospital, where he was re-
moved following the accident.
At the hospital it was said he
would not be discharged for sew
eral days and probably would not
be able to be moved today for
X-rays to determine the full extent
OF his injury.
Remington's injury is the latest
in a series that have marred In
duStrial League games this week.
Monday Frank Brewer, Heurich
third baseman, tripped over first
base and twisted his knee so badly
his physician has advised him to
give up baseball for keeps. 1t was
game leg he had been nursing
carefully, one that probably pre-
vented him from going up to the
majors and his loss will be a blow
10 tne team.
In the same game Max Posnack,
Brewer first sacker. suffered a spike
wound that necessitated several
stitches.
Last Tuesday Bill Simonds and
Archie Via, Mellonas Cafe outfield-
ers, collided while chasing a fly
and Simonds broke his collarbone,
suspending his career for the sea-
son. Yesterday "Knocky" Thomas,
Little Tavern catcher and manager,
split a finger and will be lost for
at least 10 days.
Brewers departure from the
lineup will force the return of
Huck Stahl. veteran infielder, who
announced his intention Of quitting
this season and who has been on
the sidelines.
Evening star., 1942-05-28
Minor Results

BY the Associated PresG
INTERNATIONAL LEAGUE.
Newark. 16; Baltimore. !,
Syracuse, !; Jersey City. O..
Rochester. 10: Buffalo, 2.
Toronto, 2; Montreal, l.
AMERICAN ASSOCIATION.
Indianapolis. 5; Kansas city. o.
Milwaukee, 4 Louisville. g..
Toledo. 90; st. Paul. Is (drst
game seven innings.
PACIFIC COAST LEAGUE.
San Diego, 8; Hollywood, 2.
Seattle, "a; Lost Angeles, 1-6 (sec-
ond game 7 inningsl'
Portland. 3-4; San Francisco, l-1o,
tsecond game 8 innings.
(Only games scheduledO
TEXAS LEAGUE.
San Antonio. 9; Beaumont. 1.
Houston. 9; Shreveport, 6.
Dallas. 9; Oklahoma City, B.
Fort Worth, 6; Tulsa, 8.
SOUTHERN ASSOCIATION.
Birmingham, s; Atlanta. l.
Little Rock. I2; Nashville, 2.
Memphis, 13; Knoxville, IL 10 m
New Orleans, Q: Chsttanoos.. I.
EASTERN LEAGUE.
williamsport, 8; Wilkes-Barre, 1.
Elnira. S; Scranton. 6.
Hartford. 13: Albany. 5.
Binghamton. 4 Springneld, z.
PIEDMONT LEAGUE.
Greensboro. 4 Portsmouth. 8.
Asheville. s: Richmond, B.
THREE-EYE LEAGUE.
Decatur. =; Evansville. A..
Madison. 3: waterloo, 3.
Cedar Rapids, O.; Springfield. B.
NORTHERN LEAGUE.
Winnipeg. IL; Fsrgo-Moorhesd. o.
Duluth. 8 Eau Claire. 4.
Superior, 8: WausaU, /.
Evening star., 1942-05-28
Kansas City Divofer
Hot in Preliminary
And First Round
Harmon Is Only Other
Outsider Left as Is
Continue Struggle
BY GAYLE TALBOT,
Associated Press Sports Writer

Associated Press Sports Wrlter.
ATLANTIC CITY, May 2S.-The
outstanding match in the second
round of the Professional Golfers
Association championship at the
SPRAYING Sea View Club today ap-
peared to be the one between Ben
Hogan and KY Laffoon, each OF
whom has, in turn, been seven-day
wonder among the country's big
golf winners in recent years.
Either that or the match between
Craig Wood the National Oper
champion, and Leland Gibson OF
Kansas City, Mo-, who is little
known In big-money circles but who
has been shooting more than any
body's share Of golf here.
That is the difficulty of P. G. A.
tournament. For the most part the
countrys money players run true to
form. Something like 100 profess
sionals from every corner of the
country started play in the qualify
ing round three days ago, yet Of the
l6 still In there pitching today there
were only two who might be termed
outsiders.
Nelson Takes it Easy.
One OF them was the aforemen-
toned Gibson. The other was Tom
Harmon Of Montclair, N. J. The
other IA either were players who
have won their share of national
headlines in their time or who still
dominate the game.
Byron Nelson. the favorite,
reached the second round without
exertion. His trick stomach was
troubling him. as usual, and he
wasn't quite satisfied with his game,
yet the quiet-spoken Texan still was
so far superior to most of his rivals
that he spent a good part of the
last two days experimenting with
his various shots.
Gibson appeared to have the best
chance Of scoring an upset today.
The slight, blond Kansas City player
shot surprisingly good golf in the
qualifying round and kept 1t up in
overwhelming Jimmy Gauntt of
Longview. Tex, in yesterdays first
round. He had SO in the morn
lng-three strokes under par-and
took only 80 for the outward nine in
the afternoon in beating Gauntt 10
and 9.
Wood Sly Under Par.
But that still didn't mean he could
nck Craig Wood today. Wood, vet
eran of a hundred big tournaments.
was six under par when he closed
out Rod Munday OF Toledo, S and 4,
yesterday.
Harmon, the only other outsider"
among the survivors, faced Jimmy
Demaret today. Demaret beat Corp.
Vic Ghezzi, the defending champion,
4 and 3, in yesterdays opening &c.
hole test. So Harmon's chances
of being among the eight survivors
tonight were less than bright.
Sammy Byrd, the former big
league outfielder, carried almost the
unanimous support Of the gallery
into yesterdays feature match
against Sam Snead. But In the
end it was Snead, the crack money
player, who beat Byrd down in the
afternoon and smashed him finally
by a lopsided margin of and 6.
Evening star., 1942-05-28
Marble Shooters Ruled
By Clarence Boiling

Eleven-year-old Clarence Boiling
of Anthony Bowen Playground holds
the city colored Notwithstanding
championship. He won it in the
final Of the competition at Banneker
in defeating Charles Carey OF
Smothers Playground. Carey Is 7
years old, the youngest shooter yet
TO compete in the final.
Score of the title round was IS,
73, "a.
Boiling reached the championship
round by topping Robert Adams,
TO. 7-3, while Carey advanced
over Frederick Turner, 7-2, ii.
Evening star., 1942-05-28
Sally Loop TiIts
Are Durkened

By the Associated Press.
AUGUSTA, Ca, May 28.-The
South Atlantic League isn't sur
prised at anything these days.
At Augusta a night game was
postponed because of darkness
q test blackout.
At Charleston a game was
called at the end of the 18th
inning because Of dim-out regu-
lations along the Atlantic Coast.
Evening star., 1942-05-28
Sports Mirror
BY the Associated Press.

BY the ASSOCIHttu Press,
Three years ago-Paul Runyan
and Henry Picard tied again in
first playoff of Metropolitan
Open golf tournament with 70s.
but Vic Gheezi took II and
dropped out.
Five years ago-Tony Manero,
United States Open champion,
trailing and 9, rallied to beat
Harry Cooper. up, in National
P. G. A. quarter finals.
Evening star., 1942-05-28
Cleveland Gets Its First
Big Ten Grid Come
BY the Associated Press.

COLUMBUS, Ohio. May 28.-
Cleveland, for the first time in his
tory, will be the site Of a Western
Conference football game next No
vember IA when Ohio State and Il
linois stage their traditional contest
In the sixth city's municipal stadium.
Ten per cent Of the gross receipts
will be donated to the Army and
Navy relief funds.
Evening star., 1942-05-28
Deborah Rood Retires
Hunnemon Trophy
BY the Associated Press

BY the Associated Press.
DEVON, Pa, May 28.-Deborah @.
Rood of Wilmington, Del, retired
the Alyse M. Zimmerman Memorial
Trophy by riding her brown geld
ing, Callahan, to victory over the
4-foot jumps in the third day Of ths
Devon horse show. Miss Rood won
the same event in 1910 with Silver
Play,
Baker Acres Stables Of North
brook. Ill, continued It's winning
run by taking three blues, two with
Cadet Commander and one with
Cassilis Crystal.
Evening star., 1942-05-28
Printers Are Pounded

Billy Miller's homer with the has
socks loaded featured an 1l-run
rally in the sixth as the Marines
walloped the Printers. 1873. in their
Departmental League game. The
winners pounded Zaner and Webb
for Is hits.
Evening star., 1942-05-28
Wormerdom, Morcom
Bottle in Pole Vault
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, May 28.-Cor-
nelius Warmerdam, California school
teacher and the only man to touch
Is feet in the pole vault. will appear
in the all-sports carnival for the
benefit of the Army emergency fund
and Navy Relief Society June IA.
He will be opposed by Boo (One-
Shoe) Morcom of New Hampshire.
Evening star., 1942-05-28
Asks More Shooting Time.
Brewers Near Record

Heurich Brewers have good claim
to sandlot scoring record in their
25-l rout Of the Torpedo Training
Station nine at Alexandria. Burch
held the losers to five hits.
Griegerich and Sokol passed the 18-
hit attack.
Evening star., 1942-05-28

maintenance Of migratory bird
refugees. The total since 1884 Is
s5,844, ,953.
Asks More Shooting Time.
Although few are thinking about
next falls shooting now, officials Of
the Southeastern Association Of
Game and Fish Administrators are
During meeting just concluded
they recommended to the Fish and
Wildlife Service later open season
for migratory waterfowl because the
December 81 closing allowed too
short a time to hunt after the birds
were on their winter feeding
grounds.
The resolution asked for at least
two weeks of shooting during
January.
Evening star., 1942-05-28
Major Leaders
By the Associated Press.


AMERICAN LEAGUE.
Batting-Doerr: Boston. 1888: Gordon
New York, 1856.
Runswwi1lia9ss, aisvsSsna' rs Boston, ss' Heath
Hits@spencs. ss % washington. 55: Nc
Doubles-Kolloway, Chicago; Estalella.
Washington, and Blair, Philadelphia
TripiesLspenee. washinEton' u Heath.
Home runsCwilliams, Boston. IL;
Stolen bases-Case. washinston. 8;
Kuhel, Cleveland, z.
notwithstanding. New YORK. ~:
Chandler, New York and Brioses. De-
troit, 81.
NATIONAL LEAGUE.
Batting-Phelps. Pittsburgh. .347; W.
RuasTMaasial' PORK. sa4 st. Louis and on Ne" w
Runs hated in-Mize, New York. 81:
Marshall, New York, and ?. McCor-
mick Cincinnati. %.
Hits--Fernandez, Boston, As: LitWinler'
Dog6le;@Jooss, 65tsGS.Rs Cincinnati. 1s; Reiser.
Triples-Slaughter, st. Louis. 5; Lit
whiler. Philadelphia. 4.
Home runs@Camilli. Brooklyn, 6; OFT.
New YORK and F. MCCORMICK cin-
Stolen bases-Miller. Boston, 8: Fer
Brooklyn and Merullo. Chicaso. g..
Pitching-French, Brooklyn, 40; DAVIS.
Brooklyn, 6-l
Evening star., 1942-05-28
on Obscure Opponent Wood Proving Surprise Of q A. Championship
Girl Bowling Ace
Acts as 'Pinboy'
BY the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
When Ida Simmons, one OF the
worlds top duckpin artists, ran
out of pinboys at her small
bowling establishment in Ocean
Park, Va, she set up pins her
self-25 games, In fact-for a
group of bathing suited bowlers.
Evening star., 1942-05-28

Runs-simpson (2). Martz. Sherman,
Koenig. Runs batted in-R. David Artino.
Sherman. Errors-Jacobsen "a; Green
hits-simpson. r. David Stolen base
Koenig. Sacrihce-Simpson. Double play
R David to Sparrow to Wise. Left on
on balIswoT speiser. i; of Aipert, 2
Struck out-By Speiser. 5; BY Alpert. l.
Wild pitches-Speiser (2). Balk--Alpert.
Umpire-Mr. Fry.
Evening star., 1942-05-28
Games Tod

Games Today. Games TonorroW.
IT. L. at Pit. fnieht) Phila. at Boston.
Rrooklyn at Boston. New York at Bklyn.
Cinci. at Chicago. Cinci at Chicago.
Only games. Only games.
Evening star., 1942-05-28
With BILL AcxzsuAn
Virginia Strives to Keep Streams Clean;
Sole Of Duck Stamps Makes Big Gain

Fyrod enthusiasts have complained Of streams Virginia
polluted that oung out the question and want know what
can be done toward correcting the situation.
Carl H. Noting chairman Of the Game and Inland Fisheries
Commission charged enforcement pollution
Evening star., 1942-05-28
League Statistics
THURSDAY. MAY 2s. 1912.

THURSDAY, MAY u, 194E.
AMERICAN.
Results Yesterday.
Boston. 10. Washington, l (night.
New York, g. Philadelphia. 3.
Chicago, g.; Cleveland, z.
St, Louis, 5; Detroit. 2.
Evening star., 1942-05-28

Games TsdaS. we Genes a :. TH%oyoIt: Fem Yoyt
SIey at Detroit Chi. at ct. Louis.
Chi at st. L. (nighO Cleve. at Detroit.
Phiia. at New York. Boston at Phila.
Evening star., 1942-05-28

NATIONAL
Results Yesterday.
BROOKLYN, 4; Boston, !.
St. Louis, 8; Pittsburgh, 3:
Cincinnati, 10: Chicago. L..
New York, 6; Philadelphia, (nisno.
Evening star., 1942-05-28

GtandinR of the Clul
The Omaha guide., 1942-02-14

ed in the following quotation from
Carl Sandberg's biography, TIE
WAR YEARS.:
Pointing to the death penalty
as a requisite of military organic
alton, he president Lincoln) in
quired: Must I shoot a simple
minded soldier who deserts, while
I must not touch a hair of a willy
agitator who induces him to des-
ert? This is none the less injur-
ious when effected by getting a
father, or brother or friend into al
public meeting, and there working
upon his feelings till he is persuad-
ed to write the soldier boy that
he is fighting in a bad cause, for
a wicked administration of a con
temptible government. too weak
to arrest and punish him if he
shall desert. I think that, in such
a case, to silence the agitator and
ave the boy is not only constitu-
tional, but withal a great mercy"
The Omaha guide., 1942-02-14

of comradeship when he visited
their camps. His speeches and
writings if eighty years ago seem
like messages to the indomitablo
men of our Army and the people
Of America today.
On a sultry August day, 1864
addressing the 166th Ohio Regi-
ment, he declared: II always feel
inclined, when I happen to say
anything to soldiers, to impress
upon them the Importance of sue
cess in this contest. 1t is not
merely for today but for all time
to come that we should perpetuate
for our children's children that
great and free government which
we have enjoyed all our lives.
Still, let US not be over sanguine
of a speedy, final triumphant. Let
us be quite sober. Let us dilig-
emily apply the means, never DOUBT
ing that a just God, in His Own
good time, will give us the right
full result"
lie denied 10 CITIZEN the light .
express an opposing opinion, but
be called upon al factions % stand
up for the country's defenders.
Answering serenaders from the
White House portico November 10,
1864, he said; May I ask those
who have not differed with me, 10
join with me in this same spirit
towards those who have? And
now let me close by asking three
hearty cheers for our brave sold
iers and seamen, and their gallant
and skilful commanders"
Lincoln did not possess the pol
ish of formal society, but no Presi-
dent has paid a more graceful
compliment to the work of women
in wal time. In an address March
Is, 1864, he praised their efforts:
II am not accustomed to the Ian
guage Of eulogy. I have never
studied the art of paying compli-
ments to women. But I must say.
that if all that has been said by
orators and poets since the Great
ion of the world in praise Of wo-
men e applied to the women of
America, it would not do them jls-
tice for their conduct during this
war. 1 will close by saying, God
bless the women Of America"
How Lincoln would deal with
isolationists and agitators is hint
The Omaha guide., 1942-02-14

ed for more than a century in the
West Indies before the first Negro
came to the North American con-
tinent.
Slaves Wei. introduced to each
colony mainly because of the i'm
possibility of securing free labor.
Economic factors determined the
quantity and distribution of slav-
es III the colonies. Slave labor
decreased In demand in the north
crn colonies because Of tile many
kinds of industries. Il was I'M
profitable to raise SLAVES. Eut the
south Mas chiefly 4 farming reg
in Firm life, the mid climate
and low cost of living made slav-
crv PORTABLE, therefore It ~increas-
FL all hccame essential TO south
ern life.
Slaves we're not only Lse.l as la
sor..s hut many become skilled
workers such as, black Jraiths, car
pen-ers, painters ami harness ma
hrs. Negroes wer, brave in
many other things. Crispus At
il..ks wa one of the lirst four to
Sod k..ood in behalf OF American
Iiber. v during the Boston Mass
acre Peter Salem distinguished
himself at Bunker Hill ny killing
Major Petcairn. Many Negroes
received emancipation b cause of
honorable and brave military ser
vice during the American Revrl-
upjtionary War.
Although the majority were
kept in slavery and ignorance,
some Negroes became free and a
few became educated. There was
a desire for freedom and learning
IN every breast. Some masters
were kind and taught their slaves
to read, to write and to do many
other things. But this desire for
freedom caused fearful ~insurrect-
ion. Denmark Vesey in South
Carolina and Nat Turner in Vir-
ginia are to be remembered as
leaders of such uprisings. There
were about $50 instructions starr
ed by Negroes.
Enmity between the Northern
and Southern whites over slavery
The Omaha guide., 1942-02-14

kind of education that was best
for the Negro Booker T. WASH
ington believed that education
should be that of training the
hands as the most important. He
founded Tuskegee Institute upon
this principle of vocational educ
alton. w. E. B. Dubois and other
leaders believed that academic ed
ucation was better.
During the Era of Enfranchisp-
ment Negroes held local, state and
national offices but there vas
never a majority of Negroes in al
branches of government. Only
twenty-three Negroes served in
Congress from 1868 to 1895. Miss
issippi sent two senators-Hirlam
Revels who completed an %unexpir-
ed term and B. x. Bruce who SER
ed for six years. Some of these
who served in the House Of RCD
resentatives were: John II. Lang
ston of Virginia, Joseph H. Rain
ey Of South Carolina, George H.
White of North Carolina, James
T. Rapier of Alabama and others
from Louisiana, Mississippi, Geor-
gia and Florida.
AS military control over he
Southern states was lifted and the
Southerners regained control of
state government, efforts were
made to disfranchise Ito take p
way the right to vote) the Negro.
Great care was taken to avoid i'm
mediate conflict with the FIFTEEN
tn Amendment so each step was
subtly taken. Mississippi $500
led out by amending its %constitu-
ton SO that each person who v1t-
ed must have his poll tax paid up
to date and also demanded that he
should be able to read, understand
an give reasonable Interpretation
of any part of the Constitution.
In 1898 Louisiana invented the So
called "Granfather Clause" This
took away the right to vote FROM
any person who had not voted be-
fore the Civil War.
In spite of much trial and segre-
CATION, Negroes have proved to ne
efficient in every field in which