davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-03-19

because Of lack of ships and air
power, when they read OF how
American bombers were forced to
fly away from Java because Of the
shortage Of fighter planes, and when
they read Of how our valuable oil
tankers are being torpedoed along
our own coasts for lack Of air and
naval patrols.
Berlin and Toxic will derive far
more comfort from the results Of
our failure to lengthen the straight
time work week than from the agi-
tation to do away with those peace
time standards which penalize the
use Of overtime and thus deter max
imum production.
Reproduction Rights Reserved.)
Evening star., 1942-03-19

He was Quentin Reynolds.
For three years, his life has been .
life Of reporting Axis successes. He
has never been able to write story
of q complete Allied triumph. He
lodged fire and fame and shrapnel
in London. He lodged torpedoes and
bombs on the high sea. He re-
treated with the British in Africa,
and backtracked with the Russians
along the road to Moscow. Day after
day, month after month, he has
been subjected to Nazi superiority
in weapons and numbers.
Now he is in the United States.
For six weeks he has travelled its
length and breadth. He has been
In small towns and heard small
talk. He has been In big towns and
heard big talk. From Memphis to
Mobile, from Natchez to St. Joe, he
has moved his way. To paraphrase
the popular song even further, he
has heard almost nothing but blues
In the night. Stories of Americas
unpreparedness. Sob stories of
bungiing and muflng and politics.
Stories OF how we are doomed. And
he laughs. He sings a song Of cheer.
He sings a song of America; q song
of an American who, on returning to
his country, feels It's power, believes
in its destiny with victory
I've known Quent for a long time.
walked the boxing beat. the base
ball beat. all the other sports beats
with him before he swapped that
scene for the blood and thunder one.
So knew what he meant when he
said:
"Lissen, this one is for the cham
pionship distance. This war isn't
for the horse with early foot or the
fighter with little heart. This one is
scheduled for the " miles and IS
rounds. This country Is the cham
pionship one. Uncle Sam is the only
one who can 60 the full distance
no matter what the full distance is,
or how high the weight"
Quent has no doubt of this coun.
trys ability to take it.
Il saw Coventry. I saw London
during the great fire. Only a few
days ago ! was in Seattle. Dallas
and other American towns. I'll pick
Seattle, Dallas and all the others to
take 1t and keep taking it just as
we'll or better than any foreign town
that has felt the blitz. And I feel
this too: Those towns will not only
take it but will live to dish it out"
Americans fuss at production
"Ye gods!" Quent said over his
beer. What is wrong with our pro-
duction? No. it's not perfect, but
1t is 50 much the best, in such q
short time, that there is no second.
We Americans are inclined to use
Germany, Japan and Italy as our
yardstick Of production. We forget
that they had years and years and
that American production dates
from December 7. There has never
been such a job done as America has
done since December 7. Sure, there
is bungling and messing and red
tape, but, brother. what a job has
been done in spite of that"
do we VIM" I asked Quent
The man who has tasted all the
fury Of the Axis didn't hesitate.
you can go to sleep on it, kid"
he answered. This Is the countryI
The Man o War of them all! And
champions don't get licked"
He made me feel q lot better.
distributed BY Menu usht Syndicate, Incl
Evening star., 1942-03-19
This Changing World
Nozi Fleet Expected to Help U-boots Attack
Conveys Coryine War Supplies to Russia

the British and American navies
will have to detail their most
powerful units to convoy duty.
We have in the Atlantic vessels
which can match the Nazis; so
have the British. But these units
are not intended for patrol duty,
and their use for such work would
interfere with other plans the
United Nations high command
may have for the near future.
For the time being the synchro-
nization of the Jap offensive in
the Pacific with Nazi military
operations has not been particu-
larly obvious to casual observers.
But the Nazis have done some
valuable pioneering work for the
Japs. The presence Of a sub
marine force on the Atlantic sea-
board has compelled the United
States high command to main
tain ships in these waters which
might otherwise have been dis
patched to other zones. where
they could have been more active.
Tankers Singled Out.
Moreover. Nazi submarines
have concentrated their efforts
against tankers rather than
freight carriers. Nazi submarine
commanders have carefully sin
gled out our oil ships. not be-
cause they want to create an oil
shortage, but in order to destroy
our tankers and make our situa-
ton in the Pacific more difficult.
Gen. Douglas Macarthur. the
new commander in chief Of Al
lied forces in the Southwest
Pacific, will undoubtedly find a
substantial number Of tanks and
planes in the area under his
command. But Australia has no
oil to speak Of. She has relied in
the past on Netherlands Indies
oil.
1t is assumed that the Austria
lians stocked up with oil and
gasoline while there was time, but
it Is doubtful whether they could
have gathered sufficient quanti-
ties for a long campaign. in which
planes will play an important
role.
Hence. Gen. Macarthur must
Evening star., 1942-03-19

Of the German warship, with
some British losses. An attack
by submarines was no more sue
cessful. The Tirpitz's great speed
enabled her to elude the British
and return to her base where,
under the protection of mine
fields, coast artillery and avia-
ton, she has enjoyed complete
immunity.
The presence OF this Nazi
squadron in Norwegian ports is
disturbing to the Allied naval
command. No one knows what
the next move OF the Nazi men
of-war will be. In some quarters
their presence in the North At
lantic is still believed to be MOTH
ing but a feint and 1t is thought
they may make . dash-under
cover OF fog-through the Dover
channel to the Mediterranean.
where preparations are continu-
ing for an all-out offensive In
the very near future.
U-Boats Not Sufficient.
Some believe other units, pos
sibly the remainder Of the Nazi
high seas fleet, will join the ships
which are already out and large
scale raiding operations by sub
marines and surface ships will
be started in the near future.
Adolf Hitler's speech is inter-
preted In military quarters as an
indication that the Nazis will
throw the bulk of their land
forces against the U. S. S. r. 1t
is essential for them, conse-
quently, to prevent any further
shipment OF war material to
Archangel and Murmansk. Sub
marines alone, 1t is said in COM
petent quarters, are not suf-
ficient to interfere seriously with
the conveys. which are now
reaching Soviet ports with clock
like regularity.
II ships with the power and
speed Of the Nan high seas fleet
operate against these conveys.
Evening star., 1942-03-19

Of the United
Nations forces
in the South
western Pacific.
If this is not
victory, it is at
any rate the as
surance of VIC
tory.
Never III elesS,
we should not
m / n / m iZe the
dimculties which
Gen. Macarthur
faces as he takes
Evening star., 1942-03-19

over his new and Mai. G. Fielding Eliot.
wider responsibilities; and it should
be recognized that his first task is
to make certain Of the security Of
his base. the island continent of
Australia.
Around Australia, threats Of jap
anese attack are gathering. To the
northeast, the Japanese hold posi-
tions in the Solomon Islands, the
Louisiade Archipelago, and on the
island Of New Guinea. To the north,
they hold Amboina and Timor. To
the west. they are in possession Of
the entrances to the Indian Ocean,
and q Japanese fleet is reported
operating near the west coast of
Australia.
In and around New Guinea, air
war on q considerable scale has been
in progress for some days past The
Allied effort Is obviously to knock
out the japanese air bases in this
general region. or render them use
less. II the Allies planes can do
this. the Japanese cannot proceed
with their step-by step advance to
points from which Australia itself
can be directly menaced. If, on the
other hand. the Japanese can build
up their air power until they have
definite superiority, they can push on
Too Early to Speculate. -
In this game, the United Nations
forces have very decidedly won the
first round. After q period of spar
ring back and forth, the first heavy
blow has been scored by the sue
cessful attack on the Japanese ships
and installations at Lac and Sala-
maua, on the northeast coast of
New Guinea. Remember that there
is nothing In New Guinea or its
adjacent islands which can in any
way supply the Japanese fighting
forces. Every soldier and air me-
chanic, every cartridge and bomb,
every ounce Of gasoline and oil
which the Japanese use in those
distant regions must be brought
from Japan by ship, over 5000 miles
Of sea.
Hence the heavy damage and loss
to japanese merchant shipping will
have q particularly Gripping effect
on immediate further operations in
this vicinity. as likewise the damage
and loss to naval vessels, without
which the merchant ships could not
be there at all. The smashing of
the runways and shore installations
will likewise check Japanese air
operations, though these seem to
be based largely in New Britain
rather than New Guinea. 1t seems
likely, indeed, that this heavy blow,
struck with concentrated strength
and with such deadly effect, is but
the first in . series of moves in
tended to give the best sort Of pro-
lection to Australia by destroying
the bases and shipping by means
Evening star., 1942-03-19

q general, based not on the caprices
Of tickle fortune, but on the sound
view that luck usually attends those
who know how to deserve 1t.
Australia Is far from safe as yet
But the security Of any position
is usually better assured by vigorous
offensive against the enemy's vital
centers and communications than by
mere static defense, as we have al
ready learned to our bitter cost.
The Japanese may try to seize
Darwin, they may try to knock out
the Australian west coast ports. they
may try various enterprises. but the
Evening star., 1942-03-19
Macarthur Faces Difficulties
Eliot Soys He May Exploit Initial Victory
By Hommerine at Jap Boses and Supply Lines

of which alone Australia may be
attacked; but 1t is perhaps too early
10 speculate on what may happen
next.
Meanwhile, Port Darwin remains
a point to be considered as . possible
focus OF Japanese attack. For such
q move. the Japanese seem likely to
use Timor and Amboina as spring
boards. Their most recent raid on
Darwin was far less effective than
their previous attack, and it is no.
ticeable that they used lighter
bombs. and that their bombing
squadrons consisted OF seven planes
each instead of the regulation nine.
Here we have q suggestion, which
the raids on the Marshall Islands
and on New Guinea tend TO
heighten. that Japanese air power
has its limitations and that these
limitations are being approached.
Weaker-for = Long Pull.
This writer has been much criti-
cized of late for having remarked
in pre-Pearl Harbor days that
Japanese air power was almost nom
existent; yet in the long run there
is much truth in that statement.
Japanese production Of combat-type
planes is not considered, by re-
liable sources OF information, to ex-
ceed $50 per month. The Japanese
had built up q strong air force
against such a situation Is con-
fronts them today-one in which
they would strike first and hard,
and gain enough outpost positions
to make themselves impregnable be-
fore We could overcome the handi-
caps Of time and distance and ar
rive in full strength in the South
western Pacific.
For a long pull. Japan has no air
power worth speaking Of in COM
parison with ours. or Britain's. Our
dificulty is to make our air power
effective 1000 miles from our home
bases. Japan does not have to
worry about how many planes We
produce. or can man. She has to
worry only about how many planes
we can deploy against her in the
air of the theater Of operations.
But once we get our air power fiow-
ing steadily into Australia, and de-
ploying there, with Japan herself
laboring under . 3,000-mile handi-
cap, the picture begins to change.
Victory Attends His Arrival
Japan needs planes in Burma, in
China, and on the Russian frontier.
Allied air power is gathering in
India. Japanese bases in the Pacific
cannot be left without air protec-
ton, as the raid on the Marshalls
has already suggested to Toxic.
Hence it is quite possible, even prob
able. that in the crucial area
around Eastern New Guinea We
shall be able to build up a superior
position which the japanese will
only be able to counter at the cost
of seriously weakening themselves
elsewhere; the beginning Of
steadily deteriorating situation
which may we'll serve IS demon
stration Of the difference between
possessing q certain number Of air.
planes at q given moment and pos
sessing real air power built on q
secure foundation.
At all events, Gen. Macarthur Is
In Australia, and his arrival has
been attended with . victory-one
which he did not plan. but which
he Will certainly proceed to ex-
plot. 1t is q happy augury. and We
may hope that it means that Gen.
Macarthur is not only capable but
lucky-Napoleon's great criterion for
Evening star., 1942-03-19

ships and planes they use for such
purposes they cannot use for de-
Tending their own far-f1ung sea-
routes and distant bases. And the
point is that they must now begin
to weigh offensive against defensive.
What has happened of New
Guinea is. remember, but q single
local success. It is not q decisive
victory, or anything like one. We
may we'll suffer harder blows our
selves, we shall have disappoint-
ments and setbacks. But there is.
nevertheless, an undercurrent of
confidence stirring everywhere.
Evening star., 1942-03-19
Bv GOULD LINCOLN.


Legislation to suspend the
operation of the 40-hour work
week-with its attendant time
and-a- half pay for all hours
worked over 40 hours and dou-
BILE time for Sundayshas been
checked again by the Roosevelt
administration. The Presidents
fiat declaration against such
legislation at this time, made ut
his press conference Tuesday, has
been followed by statements
made by Undersecretary OF War
Patterson, Admiral Land, head Of
the Maritime Commission; 1t.
Gen. Knudsen and others taking
the same line-that such legtsla-
ton was both unnecessary and
inadvisable. Speaker Rayburn
took occasion to state at his press
conference yesterday that at
tacks on labor on the ground that
strikes were interfering with the
war program were entirely un-
justified, since out OF more than
7,O00,0 900 men working in war in
dustries, only 100 were on strike.
It was conceded by members
OF the House that this concerted
attack by the administration and
its leaders on work week legisla-
tion-the Vinson and Smith bills
was having considerable
effect. Nevertheless, the propon-
ents of the legislation planned to
70 right ahead with these bills,
and to get them before the House
by next week if possible.
To Visit Voters.
A week from next Saturday the
leaders plan to give the House
members a vacation for 10 days
or two weeks, while the Ways
and Means Committee continues
to struggle with the new tax bill
and the Appropriations Commit
tee works on more appropriation
measures. During this vacation
period, members are expected to
60 home. They will get an earful
from their constituents about
many things, including the labor
situation as 1t affects the war
program. II the country Is then
just as aroused as it has been in
recent days over the failure to
get the production hoped, the
members may be ready. on their
return, to tackle the 40-hour work
week issue again.
The 40-hour week has become
a target Of attack by those
who have heard-from officials Of
the Government-that the war
production has been tagging. 1t
has become also the target OF
attack by those who are now de-
manding as never before that
costs Of Government be cut down,
on the ground that the time-and-
a-half and double time pay de-
manded by the workers for over
time and Sunday work is adding
greatly to the bill which the tax
payers must pay for the war
program.
It has been argued. and cor
rectly 50. by the President and
others that there is nothing IN
the law which prevents labor
working more than 10 hours =
week, and that in many plants
labor now Is working more than
40 hours q week. There Is no
slightest doubt, however, that the
overtime pay is adding to the
costs Of war production, partic-
ularly with wages already high.
Furthermore, 1t has been testi-
fled before at least one Senate
committee that ''loafing" on the
job Is one cause Of lag in produc-
ton. There Is 4 suspicion-and
the committee was so told-that
this loafng has been actually
ordered by some labor union ON
cials. Also, it was said that in
some cases, at least, overtime pay
uax not resulting In greater pro-
Evening star., 1942-03-19
By CONSTANTINE BROWN.

by CONSIANl line DhOWN.
The Nazi batteship Tirpitz, at
least one other battleship of the
Gneisenau class, two cruisers,
and a number Of auxiliaries are
reliably reported to be loose in
the North Atlantic. They have
made no attempt to raid Ameri-
can conveys going to Britain and
Russia. The cruisers are riding
at anchor in Norwegian ports
while the Tirpitz has made sew
eral sorties from its Bergen base
and has returned without at
tempting to attack either British
forces or conveys.
The British Admiralty is on
the alert. A number of air at
tacks are said to have been made
or the Nazi super -battleship by
the Raj, but these were re-
pulsed by the anti-aircraft guns
Evening star., 1942-03-19
Films Will Feature
British Dominions

British Dominions Night will be
held tomorrow at $50 pm. at the
Carlton Hotel with motion pictures
depicting war participation Of Can
ada. Australia, New Zealand and
South Africa.
Invitations have been sent to
chiefs Of foreign missions. Army and
Navy officials and heads Of Govern.
ment agencies.
Evening star., 1942-03-19

to the enemy.
Even II the
truth rev ea ! S
that the poll
ticians ms l d e
the Government
are bungling the
war effort. even
II the facts dis
close colossal
waste. misman-
agement and in
competence, the
critics must not
8 ay anything
about it-MhY.
Evening star., 1942-03-19

MEMBER OF Cne
family. He was
too big for q
robin. to start
with. He weighed
225 pounds. He
was 6 feet tall.
He had a head
of hair that was
running W lid
from ape to
temple. and hts
eyes had q know
ing and a deep
ness that robins
never achieve
Evening star., 1942-03-19

depend in the future on ship
ments from the United States.
These can be handled only by
tankers, Of which We did not
have an over supply before the
war started.
The Nazis policy of singing
out tankers in preference to other
types Of merchantmen indicates
clearly that they wish to wage
a war Of attrition against the
most important commercial ships
We have. They hope we will be
unable to make up the losses
we are now sustaining in time
to provide Gen. MacArthurs
armies with the vital fuel.
Evening star., 1942-03-19
War in Retrospect
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
One Year Ago Today.
German planes bomb crowded
London area for six hours. Hull
also attacked while R. A. r.
raids Kiel and Wilhelmshaven.
Two Years Ago Today.
British Prime Minister Cham
berlain says Allies are ready fo-
any Axis move. r. A. F. bombs
Isle of Sylt.
Twenty five Years Ago Today.
British press retreating Ger
mans all along front from Arras
region to northeast of scissors
Evening star., 1942-03-19
The Political Mill
Administration Effort FoiIs to Check Plans
To Attempt Suspension Of 40-Hour Week

ductlOn, since workers receiving
this additional pay are taking
two days of each week. after re-
ceiving the equivalent Of a weeks
full pay or more with the over
time pay thrown in.
Production to Win War.
Something psychological about
the 40-hour work week In war
industries has had an effect on
the general public. People have
been told that the war can be
won and will be won by war pro-
duction; that such production is
needed to make 1t possible for
Gen. Macarthur to win the bat
tie Of Australia against the
Japs; to make 1t possible not only
t. supply our own Army and
Navy but also to supply the Rus
SLAMS and the British and the
Chinese in their war against the
Axis powers. 1t is very easy to
argue that the country cannot 90
forward on 4 40-hour work week
to success.
Representative Smith of Vir-
ginia and Representative Vinson
Of Georgia, mindful Of the de-
mand for economy in Govern
ment spending, included in their
identical bills dealing with the
4o-hour work week . provision
for the recapture by the Gov
ernment Of all profits on Gov
ernment contracts above 6 per
cent. The economy bloc in Con-
gress has grown stronger and
stronger. The impact of public
demand for cutting out all un-
necessary expenditures and waste
has been tremendous on Capitol
Hill. Messrs. Smith and Vinson
believe they have strengthened
their bills with this provision re-
lating to profits.
The Smith and Vinson bills
also undertake to outlaw the
closed shop on Government war
contracts. This closed shop issue
has been one OF the causes OF
strikes in defense plants in the
recent past and Is one Of the
chief bones Of contention. It is
argued that no union has the
right to say to a man he cannot
work on 4 Government contract
unless he joins a union and pays
an initiation fee and the regular
dues
Rayburn Lsshes Critics.
Speaker Rayburn followed the
unusual-for him-course Of hav-
ing a stenographer at his press
conference yesterday and per-
mitting full quotation Of what he
had to say. Without mincing
words he assailed the flood OF
criticism and protests that has
been coming to members of Con-
sress In thousands Of letters and
telesrams. charging that the war
program is begging down and
that Congress Is intent on play
ing politics.
If this is the case" said the
Speaker, and our people are
thinking this way and are thus
divided, Hitler, Mussolini and the
Emperor Of Japan would, have
paid a lot Of money for what they
are getting free"
This comes pretty close to call
ing these critics agents of the
Axis powers-even though they
are not on the Axis payrolls.
Members Of Congress have been
deluged with the kind Of mail
referred to by the Speaker. So
far, members say. there seems
no indication that the messages
are organized propaganda. In
Oklahoma, it Is true, . Newspaper
drive to get citizens to write to
Congress, protesting against the
40-hour work week and the fall
ure to speed the production pro-
gram, has greatly increased the
mail OF members from that State.
But the critical mail has been
heavy from every State.
Evening star., 1942-03-19

HE opinions OF the rters this page their own,
necessarily The Stars Such opinions presented In The
Stars effort to giue all sides OF questions of interest to its
readers although such opinions may be contradictory among
themselves and directly opposed to The Stars.
Evening star., 1942-03-19
Technique
Seeks toGug
Criticism
Nelson Uses Charge
That Enemy Is Aided
By Disunity Signs
BY DAVID LAWRENCE.

There's q new drive on to stihe
criticism OF the administration. 1t
Is by means Of the outcry that such
criticism gives aid and comfort"
Evening star., 1942-03-19
.McLemore
Meet d Man BuIIish
On Victory Chances
BY HENRY McLEMORE.

The man sang q song as full OF
cheer as If he were the first robin
Of spring. I'll guarantee he didn't
look like a robin, or even a remote
Evening star., 1942-03-19
BY MAI. GEORGE F. ELIOT.

Our hearts have been fired and
our spirits uplifted by the news that
Gen. Douglas Macarthur is in Aus
tralia and has assumed command