davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-06-01
adams MILL ROAD.

Dear Sir:
Last Sunday about pm. I saw a
number of strange birds in our null
berry tree, clustered on dead branch
that stuck out above the mass of green
leaves.
I'VE have a good view OF the top
branches from our east windows in the
attic, where have my room.
THE birds are here again this morn
ing-a large flock of them. Somewhat
in type and shape of large canary,
with longish throats-color soft olive
drab, some pale gold.
The males are crested, the crest
cardinal, tips out at back of head. They
sit up very straight On branch and are
very restless.
There is a tip of very rosy pink show
ing among wing feathers and yellow on
end of tail OF the crested birds. They
found some berries ripe today and
chirped among themselves, taking refuge
in a nearby ash whenever a clustering
startling came for supplies for his family
across the yard.
Can you tell me in your column from
this description what they can be?
II wrote you last year when our null
berries were ripe about scarlet tanager,
frequent visitor to our yard. Later
saw two very young ones in the park
across the street.
Thank you for your very interesting
column-it is so satisfactory to have an
authority interested in the things you
like to whom we can appeal for in
formation.
Very sincerely yours, U. L."
Our correspondents birds must have
been cedar waxwings.
Hundreds of these beautiful creatures
have been reported in and around Wash
ington this spring.
Both male and female waxwings have
crests. but those of the former are more
prominent.
The crests can be lowered at will so
that the bird seems to have none.
Even the cardinal can do this. upon
occasion, so that you would think he
had no crest at all.
location near the National Geological
Park is excellent for bird observation.
The Zoo, of course, is part of Rock
Creek Park.
Practically all the species of birds
which come to the District of Columbia
and environs may be seen, at one time
or other, in Rock Greek Park
The acres of this large park contain
profusion OF trees ana shrubs of all
types indigenous to this area Birds
naturally come here, nest and live their
summer lives. Such species as winter in
this vicinity do so in the park. Many
OF them. fortunately, are lured to home
gardens by feeding operations.
That Is where the average householder
comes in.
1t is perfectly possible to have more
birds in winter than in summer. There
will not be as many different species as
Evening star., 1942-06-01
THIS AND THAT
By Charles E. TrdcetUeH.

in summer, but there will be more of
such species as winter hereabouts.
1t is cheerful to have bird music in
winter. This music is not the flowing
sort, heard in summer but merely the
calls and chirps. Nevertheless, this is
excellent music in the cold months.
The sometimes despised English spar
row. in particular, Is musician for the
cold days. He and his sisters and his
aunts collect on the sunny side of the
house. in some shrub or vine, and there
sing together very prettily.
Many persons who do not know this
choral singing Of the sparrows have no
idea that they can make such pretty
music together.
Persons living on the edge of the Zoo
commonly see many birds which are
neither found in the heart of the city nor
farther out, in some instances.
One of these is the turkey buzzard
more properly the turkey vulture.
This fellow with the great wings Is
not handsome. as birds go, but he can
fly with the best Of them, and when it
comes to gliding he is In a class by
himself.
Often he may be seen flying with sew
eral others in the space just to the north
Of the Calvert Street Bridge.
He will soar minute after minute with
out movement Of his wings, as far as
the observer can tell Every stray cur
rent Of wind is taken advantage of. no
matter how slight; the fitting Of wing
or even motion Of the head, will suffice
to give the creature new impetus.
Occasionally group OF vultures will
fly down low over the traffic on Con-
necticut avenue.
II one looks sharply upward while
passing the Kennedy Warren sometimes
row of buzzards may be seen on the
white facade OF the tower.
Fortunately their ugly heads and necks
are too far up to look frightful-the
net results frieze Of large birds
against the marble. The effect is mar
velous.
These strange birds do pioneer work
in keeping the park clean of all decay
ing matter. They spot their prey by
eyesight, among the most marvellous in
nature, and where one buzzard sees
food, the others go, for they know that
it is, among them, too, a matter of AL
for one and one for all"
This has been an excellent spring for
seeing cedar waXWings
They have been reported both from
the Bethesda and Silver Spring areas,
and from the heart of the city as well.
The Bohemian waxwing, even more
beautiful, is seldom If ever seen In this
area. One may feel reasonably sure
that any bird with small wax-like ap-
pendages on the wings is a cedar wax
wing.
These birds sometimes perch together
on a broken limb. and solemnly pass
from one to another a cherry or other
bit of food
1t is believed that they do this rather
out OF surfeit than sport. Young owls
occasionally indulge in the same trick.
Evening star., 1942-06-01

carrying capacity Of trains can be
increased by this move. and when
this same purpose can be served, the
crack "all- Pullman" trains will carry
coaches also.
Before the railroads can make
plans with reasonable assurance that
they will be carried out, however,
it is necessary for the Government
to decide what further restrictions
are to be applied to motor vehicle
transportation. For instance, If
Nationwide gasoline rationing is to
become an accomplished fact, the
railroads will face a far different
problem than at present confronts
them. Travel rationing also would
change the picture.
Evening star., 1942-06-01

Far more vital is instruction In
manual work and in vocational ad-
justment looking toward the de-
velopment Of the natural folk witt
the basic instinct for self-preserva-
tion-with which all but a very few
are born. The prevailing crisis, as
Mr.. Roosevelt indicated, merely
brings into prominence a social issue
which is constant in the experience
of the Nation. 1t must be faced now
because 1t was not faced efficiently
in the past.
Evening star., 1942-06-01
IIIiterucy q Present Issue

The Romans of antiquity, follow
ing Aristotle, are reported to have
agreed that "the life of an illiterate
man is DEATH; and the attitude thus
expressed undoubtedly finds refec-
tiQn in the position taken by Presi-
dent Roosevelt concerning "a star
tling number of Americans" who have
been rejected by the Army because
they lack "the necessary literacy,
education or mentality for service" )"
Doctor John w. Studebaker, direc-
tor of the Office of Education, has
confirmed the figures upon which
the President commented at his
press conference Friday. "At least
25O,OO0" men were refused induction
due to failure to meet the relatively
easy intelligence tests ordinarily
given to prospective recruits. Mr..
Roosevelt explained that "the prob
lem is one of illiteracy in a broad
sense "due to lack of education" and
that it applies to citizens and aliens
alike" Government agencies, he
announced, are studying the ques-
ton as to whether or not (to) do
something to make the services of
this group of people available
by raising their 10 ratings to pass
ing point"
1t is futile, of course, to argue the
value of the particular intelligence
tests given to potential draftees.
Complaint that they are inadequate
may be justified What is important
in the circumstances is that a rea-
sonable intellectual standard has
been established and that con-
siderable number of individuals have
not been prepared to measure up to
it. The vast investment which the
American people have made in edu-
cation has not reached everybody.
That is another way of asserting
that schooling has not been uni
versal in the past thirty years. The
1910 census showed that 10,104,612
adults then living had not passed
the fourth grade.
Some, admittedly, cannot be i'm
proved. Book larnin'" simply is
unattainable by certain minds. But
the President stipulated that there
are many different ways to raise a
mans mental level" Reading and
writing in themselves are helpful
assets only as they are required to
be employed In q given situation.
Evening star., 1942-06-01
Fur-Siqhted Program

Proposals to Russia and China for
new lease-lend agreements, embody-
ing pledges for cooperative action
with "like- minded countries" after
the war to promote "betterment of
world wide economic relations" ap-
pear to be part of a far-Sighted plan
by this Government to simplify the
task of establishing a just and en-
during peace after the immediate
Job of defeating the Axis is COM
pleted.
The program is designed to i'm
plement the economic objectives OF
the Atlantic Charter, which Secre-
tary of State Hull warned recently
cannot be attained by mere "wishful
thinking" A realistic approach to
the problem is indicated by the effort
to secure widespread agreement in
advance for postwar support of the
fair trade principles which Mr.. Hull
long has advocated as essential to
the maintenance of peace.
While details of the proposals to
Russia and China have not been
made public, President Roosevelt and
Mr.. Hull have made clear that they
follow the pattern of so-called
master" agreement concluded with
Great Britain three months ago
Similar pacts will be sought with
other United Nations. Significant
portions of the master" agreement,
beyond establishing a formula for
mutual wartime aid, stipulate that
conditions for final settlement of
lease-lend obligations shall include
provision for cooperative action to
expand production, employment and
commerce, eliminate all discrimina-
ton in world trade and reduce tariffs
and other trade barriers.
Since all the twenty-six United
Nations have subscribed to the At
lantic Charter, there seems to be
little ground for any Of them to
decline to join in supporting these
more specific principles in the eco
nonic field. Russia's acceptance is
of primary importance in view OF
her previous nationalistic trade
policies and the dominant position
on the European continent she would
be given by a United Nations victory,
Evening star., 1942-06-01
June---lo42

o yes, there toiH be brides again this
year;
No bomb could eper blast the
march OF lore,
Or shdtter its first ecstncy ,oith fear.
And underneath q sky Uhere no
light doUe
OF peace floats placidly, the young
,DiH 90
Dot1n the same aisle OF foUers.
arm In arm,
Smiling no less toiDard ends they
do not knoW,
Smiling, though as they pass, the
ne1U alarm
Sounds above Lohengrin its note Of
dread
The clank OF sdbers meeting over-
head
ISABELLE BRYANS
LONGFELLOW.
Evening star., 1942-06-01
Submarine Menace

Inc assurance from naval eX-
perts" that the United States is slow
ly winning the main campaign in
the Atlantic battle against subma-
rines should not give rise to excessive
optimism.
This confidence on the part of the
experts seems to be based on the
very important fact that three con-
voys OF American troops and equip
ment have reached Great Britain
safely and on the measurable success
which has been achieved in keeping
open the main supply lines to Russia,
Africa, Asia and Australia From
this, apparently, it is concluded that
the submarines have been driven
from the principal shipping routes
across the Atlantic and the Pacific
There Is another possible explana-
tion Of this circumstance. however,
which seems equally reasonable and
much less favorable from our point
Of view. This alternative explana-
tion Is that the Axis submarines have
simply transferred their main forces
to more favorable hunting grounds
in our Atlantic coastal waters and
in the Caribbean. In these areas
some 225 ships Of neutral as we'll as
belligerent nations are known to
have been sunk since the submarine
campaign got under way in mid
January. AS long as we continue to
suffer losses on such a scale as this,
1t is difficult to see how comforting
differences can properly be drawn
from the fact that the picture is
brighter in other theaters.
From the available evidence, it ap-
pears that the rate of these losses
has exceeded the capacity of the
United Nations to build and launch
new ships. But even II we were
building new ships faster than the
Axis could sink them there still would
be no justification for assuming that
the battle had been won. 1t should
never be forgotten that the destruc-
tion Of ship at sea involves more
than the loss Of the vessel. The cargo
goes down the ship, and in too many
cases the lives OF trained creWmen
also are forfeited. Thus, while we
probably can look forward to the day
when we will be able to make good
the losses In ships, we will not begin
to win the battle until there is greater
assurance Of safety for cargoes and
crews
The problem which faces the Navy
is primarily one Of a shortage Of
destroyers, submarine chasers and
other patrol craft. These combat
units and crews competent to man
them cannot be acquired by waving
a magic wand, and until they are
available In adequate numbers our
losses to enemy U-boats will continue
to be heavy. Meanwhile, it would
seem better to proceed on the as
sumption that we are not winning
this phase Of the war at sea and to
avoid any premature optimism which
might tend to lessen the determina-
ton to get the absolute maximum of
use from every counter weapon now
at our disposaI.
Evening star., 1942-06-01

@. Where was Rise Stevens born and
where did she make her debut?-N. NJ.
A. Rise Stevens was born in New York
City. In 1886 she was invited by the
Opera of Prague to sing an addition
which resulted in her immediate en-
gagement. In her first season at that
important theater she sang "Mignon."
Der Rosenkavalier" and "Orpheus"
with great success. She made her pro-
fessional debut in Prague.
@. OF what city in France was Edouard
Herriot the Mayor for so many years.
P.L IN.
A. Herriot was Mayor of the city OF
Lyons from 1905 to l94O
@. What is the name of the new Army
butter that is resistant to heat?-D. c..
A. 1t is named Carter spread, from
It's inventor, It. Col Robert F. Garter
Of the Army Quartermaster Corps.
@. Where is the diamond reserva-
ton" in South America2-C. B.
A. 1t is in Minas Geraes. Brazil. The
diamond reservation" is an oval-shaped
territory about 48 miles long and "a
miles wide with Diamantina lying almost
in the center. This is the largest and
most productive diamond mining field
in the country.
@. How deep Is Hell's Canyon. on the
border between oregon and Idaho?-
N. R.
e
The greatest depth is 1900 feet from
the rim to the river.
@. Where was the poet Keats buried7
&C. L. D.
A. Keats was buried in the Protestant
Cemetery in Rome near the pyramid Of
Cestus. Here the ashes of Shelley also
are inferred.
@. What is meant BY lack ack"7-L. K.
A. Ack ack is anti-aircraft fire.
@. What was the original name of the
present town Of Kuibyshev in Russia?-
c. A
A. Originally Kuibyshev was the city
Of Samara. 1t was renamed in honor
merly chief of the Supreme Economic
Council of the U. S. S. r.
@. How long did Witter Bynner work
on The New World" before he per-
mitted it to be published?-D. c. L.
A. The poem was revised II or is
times and Bynner worked on it for ap-
proximately eight years.
@. Who was the eunuch who became
a great general?-T. F. L.
A. Narses, a eunuch of Persamenia,
who In 532 A. D.. helped to save the
throne Of Justinian. Later he vaged a
successful campaign In italy and de-
feated the Franks and Alemanni at
Capua in 554.
@. Do flying squirrels really fy7-
A. D. N.
A. They do not. Bats are the only
mammals capable Of true flight. Flying
squirrels do not actually fly. they merely
glide.
Evening star., 1942-06-01
Letters to the Editor
Calls for Accepting China and India
Among World DemOcracies.

CailS Tor accepting CHINA and lndla
Among World DemOcracies.
To the Editor OF The Star:
I have read with interest James S.
Robertson's letter in your May Is issue,
mapping new world order based on the
American pattern, and including the
United States of the Americas, the United
States of Asia. etc
1t is now becoming clear that the
Second World War has multi -dimen-
sional implications. America and the
United Nations are fighting this global
war, not merely to beat the Axis but
actually to assure the maintenance Of
world democracy for all races colors and
creeds In the years to come.
We are fighting the war, not only to
restore the independence of the con-
quered nations of Europe, held In the
yoke Of political bondage and economic
exploitation by NaZi imperialism, but
also to bring freedom from imperialist
domination to the great multitudes of
people in China and India.
Too many people imagine with child
tsh hope that once Germany, Italy and
Japan are defeated the'rest of the world
will live happily forever after" In a
glow of virtuous peace Unfortunately
this Is not the case, for should the pres
ent villains of the war-Nazi and Fascist
imperialism-be exploded by the mill
tant democratic forces Of the United
Nations in their worldwide fight to end
imperialism forever-new villains would
appear.
America alone-of all the nations of
the world-has kept her hands clean of
imperialism and it is America that must
lead in forming the nucleus of the future
cooperative commonwealth of world
democracieS. Great nations Of the East
such as China and India-must take
equal place in this great commonwealth
with nations Of the West, such as Great
Britain, France, etc.
China today has shown splendid spirit
In her valiant fight against Japanese
imperialism. The united peoples OF
China will take their place as an inde-
pendent state in the United Nations of
the world, as will the great masses of
India when-in the very near future
India also is freed from the yoke of
imperialism.
India is Of immense strategic i'm
portance at the present time to the
United Nations. 1t would, therefore, be
wise of England at once to end the mon
violent, non-co-operation" attitude of
India. The British now realize that
they cannot hope to hold their bastions
OF empire in Malaga, Burma or India,
and that the whole, exploded 10th GEN.
tury pattern of ruler people" and Sub
Ject people" Is archaic and has no place
In the future pattern OF world de-
mocracy.
But If the British will not take the
initiative in this, 1t is up to America
to take action. Negotiations with India
should be resumed at once
MARY MASTER.
Evening star., 1942-06-01

Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address of
the tUrtter, although the use Of
q pSeudonynl for publication is
permissible. The Star reserves
the right to edit all letters NTH
Uie,U to condensation.
Evening star., 1942-06-01

There died not long ago an artist
who painted the late T. R. no fewer
than twenty-four times. Most OF the
expressions on the Presidents face
were pleasant ones, so 1t is thought
that on each Of these occasions he
had recently nominated new men,
Der OF the Ananias Club.
Evening star., 1942-06-01
Proposes Changes in Rationing
OF Gasoline In Behalf of Equity.

To the Editor of The Star:
Rationing gasoline has caused con-
siderable controversy. After July /, there
doubtless will be some adjustments which
will make most automobile drivers feel
better satisfied.
The following suggestions are offered
In the hope that If they are considered
hy Government of1ciais who have con-
Evening star., 1942-06-01
Huskin's Answers
To Questions
BIZ Frederic J. HdSkin.

A reader can get the drswer to any
question Of fact by wrtttng The EUe-
ming Star Information Bureau, Fred
eric J. HaSkin. director, Washington.
d. C. Please tncIose stamp for return
postage.
Evening star., 1942-06-01

@. What are the dates Of the four
draft registrations and how many reg
istered?-A. D. w.
A. The dates Of the four registrations
under selective service and the approx
mate number of registrants for each are
as follows: october l6. 1910. about H.
100000; July l, 194l, about 100000; Feb
ruary 16. 1912, about 1000 900; April 81.
1912, about 100000.
Evening star., 1942-06-01
Breeds Of Dogs-Among the IS

Breeds Of Dogs-Among the IS
breeds described in this booklet
you will find your favorite-from
airedale to whippet. Forty-six
pages of history and description
illustrated with "a photographs.
Prepared by Government experts.
it is complete and authoritative.
To secure your copy Of this pub
lication inclose cents wrapped
in this clipping and mail to The
Star Information Bureau.
Name
Address
Evening star., 1942-06-01

@. How long has the guayule plant
been known?-A. S. o.
A. Historians say that the Aztecs were
familiar with it and used 1t for making
balls with which they played game
similar to basket ball.
Evening star., 1942-06-01

@. In what country are termites used
as food?-M. o. D.
A. These insects are considered a great
delicacy in Africa and are also eaten in
India.
Evening star., 1942-06-01

@. How old is the Pope?-T. D.
A. Pope Plus XII was 66 years old on
March 2. 1912
O. How many reproductions Of the
Madonna of the House Of Alba have
been sold at the National Gallery
H. B. r.
A. Sales of reproductions to the ex-
tent Of $4,000 copies have been reported.
@. What Is meant by the Masonic
term Knight Commander?-M. M
A. Knight Commander is an honorary
Masonic degree between the 32d and
the 33d. The full title is Knight Com
mander of the Court of Honor.
Evening star., 1942-06-01

@. Do flying squirrels really fy7-
A. D. N.
A. They do not. Bats are the only
mammals capable Of true flight. Flying
squirrels do not actually fly. they merely
glide.
Evening star., 1942-06-01

eioAidi CiiASl SCiOys
Stirring up this spirit will require
more than proclamation from the Dis
trict Building. 1t will require the &C
tive interest of the various civic groups
to push the matter at their meetings and
to canvass their areas. for available
housing accommodations and notify the
proper authorities. The Federation Of
Citizens Associations was helpful in find
ing housing accommodations for Gov
ernment employees during the last war.
In addition, however, if homeowners
are to throw vacant rooms in the mar
ket, some concessions will have to be
made to enable them to get rid of un-
desirable tenants without the lengthy
legal procedure now required under the
landlord-tenant law and the further re-
strictions Of the new rent control act.
Exempting private homeowners taking
in not more than four roomers from the
restrictions normally imposed on those
renting rooms as a business, to permit
immediate election of unsatisfactory ten
ants, probably would remove this pres
ent bar to full-fedged welcome for
Government employees in Washington
homes without serious impairment of
the rights of tenants.
Certainly a campaign, approached
from such an angle. is apt to produce
results favorable to constituents Of
members Of Congress while attempted
clubs like the Randolph bill produce only
resentment.
Evening star., 1942-06-01

@. Who was the eunuch who became
a great general?-T F. L.
A. Narses. eunuch of Persamenia.
who In 532 A. D.. helped to save the
throne Of Justinian. Later he waged a
successful campaign In Italy and de-
feated the Franks and Alemanni at
Capua In 554.
Evening star., 1942-06-01

@. What is the name Of the new Army
butter that is resistant to heat?-D. C.
A. 1t is named Carter spread from
It's inventor, It. Col Robert F. Garter
Of the Army Quartermaster Corps
Evening star., 1942-06-01

@. OF what city in France was Edouard
P. L. N
A. Herriot was Mayor of the city Of
Lyons from 1905 to 1910.
Evening star., 1942-04-20

going to be tough again this year.
Parker started at Congressional
and finished with a IA, playing
the last Is holes in 1 under par,
and giving Witty Cox a headache.
In addition to five amateur-pro
Journeys already scheduled by the
Middle Atlantic P. G. A. and the
Maryland State Golf Association,
the Belle Haven Club Of Alexandria
will get one of these affairs, to be
held in July
Bronzed Bob Barnett, Chevy Chase
pro, back from a winter at Miami
Beach, looks forward to a big links
season around Washington. Bob
had a good year at his winter post
at the Indian Creek Club.
Columbia will hold its opening
day affair. with the usual colorful
ceremony. on May 2. Red" Bana-
gan will preside in his usual agree
able fashion.