davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1942-10-24
GREAT NORTHERN
FOLLOWS POLICY
SET BY FOUNDER
HILL PUSHED SAME TRANSPORT
ALTON IDEAS LATER ADVO-
GATED BY FORD

It has been Is years since James
Hill left behind his great adventure
the Great Northern railway-but 4
| the bearded empire builder could SCI
it today, he would. find the road still
following Loyalty two great principles
of his life.
Hill. transportation giant Of his
time as Henry Ford became in a later
era, had in common with the auto
mobile genius at least one simple pre-
cept:
Low-cost transportation.
The yeIlowed pages of Hills an
nual reports repeat almost monoton-
ously; Better farming, greater trans
portation efficiency, lower costs-then
lower rates, more settlers, more traf-
fic. followed by more profits to in
crease railroad efficiency, bringing
still lower costs, still lower rates to at
tract still more settlers who VIII pro-
duce still more traffic.
Debt Reduced
Two facts stand out in present-day
reports of the Great Northern:
The fund debt last December total
ed S3l6,O07 900, lowest figure since
1924 and a reduction Of nearly
500 100000 since 1884.
Operating expenses in 1941 drop
ped $4,5OO,OOO from 1929, although OPP
Grating revenues were about the same
each year. The total saving in 1941
over 1929 Appropriated 100000 in
terest charges being some $4,5OO,O 900
less.
This achievement in the face of
rising costs Of material and labor,
huge tax increases and competition |
never known to Hill-automobiles,
rucks and airplanes-is monumental
n an industry that has taken heavy
,eating economically in the past
lecade. In addition, it was done with
nut impairment Of the profit and loss
urplus, which stood at $115,OO0 last
December.
How did this come about when so
many systems were being plung-
d into bankruptcy or financially en-
arrassed otherwise?
Frank j. Gavin, Great Northern
resident, and his associates refer you
D the principles of Hill, but the boys
own below-who haven't titled doors
say the G. N. was fortunate in hav-
lg three singular presidents for
1ree unusual periods Of American
usiness history
First there was Ralph Budd Of the
320s. He was a builder who COM
Ieted the ideas Hill never lived long
lough to realize. Hill always knew
Is line across the Cascades Of Wash
lgton was poor one. Budd made it
good one He built the Cascade eight
lie tunnel, longest in America,
out much roadway and
severe mountain areas.
There was lot of fat on the road
hen the succeeding depression chal-
nged another president, William p.
enney He was a traffic expert with
shrewd financial side. Keeping one
re on declining revenues and the
her on debt and costs, he began
abiding nickels and instituted debt
funding and reduction program that,
his death in 1888, had cut some $24,-
1000 off the roads funded obliga-
1ns and sliced interest charges more
an 100000 annually to a AZ per-
MT rate from 5.4 in 1929.
He was succeeded by Gavin, whose
rte was operations, fortunate hap
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1942-10-24
ReUiUaL Starts
At Del Bonita

Revived interest In the Del Bonita
field. on the Twin Rivers fold on the
north side Of the Montana-A1berta
border has followed the discovery OF
oil on the Montana side In the
Reagan-Tribal No. l well. Alberta
Washington OH Co. has erected steel
derrick and is drilling on LiSD IL OF
Sec. 1s-l-21W-4. half a mile west OF
Terminal No. 1.
Oil from the Del Bonita producers
Is being trucked to Lethbridge to be
refined in the Huff refinery, and there
Is a market for all the oil that can
be produced.
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1942-10-24
States Relief Load
Declines 20 Percent

Montana's general relief load has
dropped 80 percent between oct. /,
1871, and Oct l, of this year, welfare
administrator J. B. Convery said.
He said general relief cases had
dropped from 3,489 cases a year ago to
2,415; aid to dependent children from
2,618 to 2,42O cases, and WPA rolls have
been reduced from 1888 to an eS-
timated 1000 cases.
Old age assistance remained about
constant during the year, while aid to
needy blind increased from 210 cases
q year ago to 305.
-SS-
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1942-10-24

NNIN1
Teapot (outside reserve) 5-20-41. Xxx
(Follows Salt Greek posting)
Salt Greek TenSleep, 5-20-41 -. ..6785
Wertz, 5-20-41 .................. xxx
Goo below Salt Greek posting)
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1942-10-24

penstance for the nations war effort
Gavin, Continuing the debt reduc-
tion program, began hand-manicurinp
the road while still effecting more
operating economies Again a Hill
axiom was being foIlowed-@Poor tools,
poor work."
A common trait Of each Of these
men was Opportunism. Budd used
good times to complete HIPS con-
struction ideas. Kenney used a de-
preston to rid the road Of high in
terest bonds. Gavin cut costs while
still spending large amounts to get
the road IN shape for a war emerg-
ency.
The future, admittedly, is cloud
specked The market prices Of railroad
stocks and bonds answers ominously
what the public thinks about the post
war prospects of an industry now op-
Grating at record capacity.
Great Northern officials are not
blue about postwar prospects but
neither are they optimistic. Here Is
what Gavin thinks OF some major
postwar probabilities:
A depression-The Great Northern
never has been in bankruptcy or even
financially unsound. 1t has never
possessed lavish hand In distribut-
ing profits. The most It ever paid was
an 8.5 percent dividend years ago,
never more than $ percent through the |
boom Of the late twenties, only 2 per-
cent now, here, again, a Hill principle |
ruleS-return large amount of profit |
to the road to keep it fit at all times.
Road and Equipment-n this proves
a long war, railroads may come out of |
1t in rags and tatters, although many
wiz be financially sound. The danger
Is that, being unable to replace equip
ment or adequately maintain it for
lack Of raw materials, physical assets
may be In a greatly deprecated con-
dit1on, neceSsitating costly expendi-
lures, possibly at time Of declining
business.
Operating Costs-Great new loads
have been placed on railroad financial
structures higher wages, vastly great
sr taxes, rising material costs. The
postwar era may not bring an equal
decline in wages and taxes If business
slumpS somewhere along the way. In
creased rates recently granted roads
20 apply against higher costs would
,nly be handicap in a business
lump.
Cheap Transportation
Competition - Transportation must
'e produced cheaply enough to COM
'ete with other kinds Of transpor-
alton, which have become formidable
The security of railroad
1g five or 10 years hence will depend
argely upon how successful railroads
ave been in increasing efficiency and
ecreasing costs as compared with
Consultations A tremendous
roblem embracing such considera-
ons as unemployment of many dilu-
on of investment priorities, untold
pposition by local groups and legal
odies adversely affected, enormous
gislative problems
But whatever the future, the men
I'D women Of the Great Northern
DIRK on with the faith Jim Hill ex-
ressed as he neared the end Of his
Ie:
Most men who have really lived
ave had, in some shape, their great
venture. This railway is mine. /
el that labor and a service so
He'd into being, touching at so many
'ints the lives Of so many millions.
tn its ability to serve the country
ID its firmly established credit and
win be the best evidence
its permanent value and that. in
far as any creation Of human ef-"
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1942-10-24

GREAT FALIS-Due to inadequate
housing, no convention Of the north
central district Of the Montana Edu-
cational association win be held In
Great Falls this year. Annual eonven-
tons Of the M. E. A. In the southwest,
north central and northeastern dis
trtcts also have been Cancelled. The
teachers convention customarily was
the largest scheduled in Great Falls,
usually attracting more than 1000
educators.
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1942-10-24

by Emerson Wardell which had been
based zoe below the Salt Greek posting.
LaBarge follows Midcontinent prices
sc above Salt Creek. It is derived
from the average Of the prices posted
by Standard Oil and Texas in Mid
continent. Since Standard posts down
to 81 gravity and Texas stops at be-
low %. the average prices apply to
LaBarge crude below % gravity.
Medicine Bow. effective a. m,
May 20, l941
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1942-10-24
WYOMING
Salt Greek, effective 7 a. m,
May 20, 1871
20 degrees and abOVe

Cole Greek. LaBarge, Midway Dome,
Dutton Greek, Iron Greek, Lost Soldier,
and Teapot fields in Wyoming, and the
Moffat field in Colorado, crude oil
prices follow the Salt Greek posting.
The East Mahoney crude price is based
l0c below the Salt Creek posting, and
the Wertz and Mahoney prices are
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1942-10-24

fort can be made so, 1t win be proof
against the attacks Of time"
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1942-10-24
ROCKY MOUNTAIN
POSTED PRICES
FOR CRUDE OIL

Following are the current prices for
crude oil per barrel as posted by the
principal purchasers in various fields
OF the Rocky Mountain Division with
the effective date Of the price. by
states and fields:
Evening star., 1942-08-06
Election 'Miasma'
Decried by Witness
On Tax Bill
: Congress Should Tell
Country if It Can't Pass
Measure Now, He Says
Earlier Story on Page A-1)

Earlier Story on Page AID
BY the Associated Press.
w. J. Schieffelin, jr., OF New
York City testified today that,
If the "miasma" of the approach
ing elections made it impossible
to vote retail sales tax now, the
Senate Finance Committee ought
to stand up and tell the country
So"
Appearing before the committee
for the Chamber of Commerce of
the State of New York Mr.. Schieffe-
lin said his organization believed
that it might be to the country's
benefit Ito have no tax bill at all
until after election, rather than a
bill to go into effect in September
or October dominated by election
politics"
Mr.. Schieffelin said that a House
Ways and Means Committee mem
Der, whom he did not name, had
predicted that the House would ac-
cept sales tax if it was included
in a rewritten revenue bill by the
Senate committee, although many
Representatives would prefer not to
vote on the issue at this time.
Should Inform Country.
1T election miasma makes such a
bill impossible within thee next few
weeks" the witness said, please
stand up and tell the country so,
and tell them in November you will
pass the stunning bill demanded by
the times to whip the enemy and
keep our credit good"
Mr.. Schiefielin contended that the
suggestions of Secretary of the
(See TAXES, Page 2-X.)
Evening star., 1942-08-06
Knox i Asks Senate
Probe Of Truman S
Unfairness Charge
. Urges Naval Committee
To Investigate Handling
Of Higgins Affair
Earlier Story on Page A-6.)

Earlier Story on Page A-6.)
BY The Associated Press.
Secretary of the Navy Knox
today formally requested a Sen
ate Naval Affairs Committee in
vestigation OF charges made by
Senator Truman, Democrat, of
Missouri against the fairness and
impartiality of the Bureau of
Ships in dealing with the Higgins
Industries, Inc, of New Orleans.
Secretary Knox made the request
in letter to Chairman Walsh after
Senator Truman yesterday asserted
in letter to Secretary Knox that
the Bureau of Ships had unfairly
insisted on construction of a certain
type of ship by the Higgins COM
pany.
Secretary Knox wrote Senator
Walsh:
Il am in receipt of letter from
Senator Harry S. Truman making
rather serious charges on behalf of
his committee against the fairness
and impartiality of the Bureau of
Ships in dealing with the Higgins
Industries, Inc, in New Orleans.
Il am most anxious to have the
facts concerning this matter fully
(see TRUMAN, Page 2-xD
Evening star., 1942-08-06
Green Says He Has No Power
Yet to Follow Murray Plan

I'VE all want to do lot Of things,
and added: That will be part OF the
difficult problem facing the peace
conference"
He said the first meeting of the
AFL and CIO committees appointed
to consider merging the two orsani-
cations probably would be held In
Washington In mid-August.
Mr.. Green said he was ''ur1alter-
ably opposed TO freezing wages but
was behind President Roosevelt s
desire to stabilize wages. The ONCE
Of Price Administration, he added,
mas nothing to do with wAees "and
should stay away from that ques-
tion.s
Mr.. Green announced he had, ap-
pointed Daniel Tobin, president OF
the international Brotherhood OF
Teamsters, 1 fraternal delegate to
the British trade union congress to
meet soon in an English city.
Evening star., 1942-08-06
Long Quits Maryland
GubernaioriaI Race
Bv the Associated Press.

Bv th6 Associated Press.
ANNAPOLIS, Md, Aug. 6.-The
Secretary of States ONCE an
nounced today it had received q
letter from Vincent F.. Long of Bal
Time withdrawing his name from
the list of Democratic candidates
Tor Governor In next months pri-
nary election.
The letter said that after survey
ing the situation Il found that /
lad no chance to win the election
,or Governor of Maryland. There
tore, please do not put my name on
he ballot in the coming election
September g."
This left four candidates seeking
he Democratic nomination, Gov.
O'Conor, Thomas E. Cook, Fred
erick, and Stephen B. Peddicord
and John Kennedy, Baltimore.
Evening star., 1942-08-06
Premier Says Turkey
Will Fight II Attacked
b the Associated Yrsss.

~ the Associated Press.
ANKARA, Turkey. Aug. 5 (De.
layed Premier Sukru Saraco9lu.
opening the National Assembly to-
day, declared, I'VE will do every.
thing possible to stay outside the
war, but if despite all our Efforts
our independence or territory are
attacked, we will fight to the last
man."
He described Turkish neutrality
as '.active, not passivle," and said
the British Turkish alliance was =
fundamental factor Of the Turkish
political system"
The Premier expressed thanks to
Britain for delivery of more than
100, 900 tons of cereals last year and
added, "the United States has prom
ised TO deliver $4,000 tons Of wheat
within 48 days and offered more
provided the Turks undertook to
transport it from the United States
to Turkey"
Evening star., 1942-08-06
Senators Hear
Mystery Man
On Submarines
Waterproof Concrete
Con Be Used for Croft,
Lee Is Convinced

Ps the Associated Press.
A mysterious Mr.. Murray told
a Senate Military subcommittee
today of a formula for making
concrete submarines so secret
that he didn't want the official
stenographer to take down what
he said.
After Chairman Lee waited IS
minutes for him to appear for a
public hearing, the man asked for
an executive session, refused to
identify himself within the hearing
of reporters and told Chairman Lea
he would prefer that the stenog-
rapher not record his remarks. His
request for the closed hearing was
granted.
Before the man appeared, Chair
man Lee said he understood he had.
not so much plans for a submarine
itself, but formula for waterproof-
ing concrete for use in making q
submarine. He was the only one
heard today in the subcommittee s
inquiry into war cargo-carrying
possibilities.
After Mr.. Murray had testified,
Senator Lee told reporters he was
convinced concrete could be used
for the manufacture of cargo
carrying submarines. He said q
concrete submarine could be built
with one fifth the steel used in an
all-steel submarine.
Mr.. Murray, Senator Lee added,
wanted to build pilot plant for
the construction of the first con-
crete submarine, explaining that
once the forms were built subma-
rines could be turned out as fast as
the concrete could be mixed and
poured.
Evening star., 1942-08-06
Gandhi Reported Planning
Plea 10 Avoid Conflict

Earlier Stories on Pages A-2-A-6.)
b. the Associated Press.
LONDON, Aug. 6.-Reuters News
Agency reported from Bombay to-
day that Mohandas X. Gandhi said
If the All-India Congress Party
adopted the new resolution calling
on the British to quit India. he
would send a letter to the viceroy,
not as IN ultimatum, but as an earn
est plea to avoid conflict.
He said there would be an inter-
val between adoption Of the resolu-
ton and opening Of his projected
mass civil disobedience campaign
against British rule.
Evening star., 1942-08-06
=, thu A.sociated press.

~ the A8sociADeo fress
CHICAGO, Aug. 6.-President WILL
Han Green OF the American Fedora
tion of Labor said today his inter-
national unions had not empowered
him to help set up joint AFL-CIo
committee to arbitrate jurisdictional
disputes, but Il will act when such
power is delegated to me-
He made the statement at press
conferences where he was asked to
comment on the suggestion of Philip
Murray, CIO president, that such
i committee be established to fore
stall strikes.
THE AFL al along has been com :
mitted to 4 policy Of arbitration,
Mr.. Green declared.
OF Mr.. Murray's comment in con-
nection with proposed labor peace
meetings that he hoped to keep IS
CIO unions intact, Mr.. Green said
Evening star., 1942-08-06
Sinkinq in Gulf Announced
British Navy Airmen Bomb
Axis FIoti|Iu at Mutruh

large number of multi-colored flares
so that full results Of the attack
were difIicult to determine. but they
knew definitely that one barge was
set af1re and big blaze was started
on a ouayside. .
Axis shore bases threw up heavy
anti-aircraft fire, but all planes re-
turned safely from the half-hour
raid, which began at am.
One pilot said the fact that bombs
fell amid the flotilla made 1t likely
that several boats and barges were
destroyed by the blasts.
The boats apparently were being
used to escort oil barges into Matruh
for the Axis army.
Evening star., 1942-08-06
Markets at d Glance

NEW YORK, Aug. 6 tP.-
Stocks mixed; price changes mar
row. Bonds even; gains balance
losses. Cotton steady; trade
evens up commitments.
CHICAGO: Wheat higher;
short covering causes sharp
rally. Corn higher with wheat.
Hogs steady 10 Is cents lower;
heavy weights weakest; top, $1S.
Evening star., 1942-08-06
Death Toll Goes to IS
In Bus-Truin Crash

Earlier Story on Page A-S.)
~ the Associated Press.
SRYSTAL SPRINGS. Miss, Aug.
6.-Two more deaths brought to Is
the toll of a bus-passenger train
collision here yesterday.
Those who died today were Donald
Whitmore, Atlantic, Iowa, and Will
liam j. Rescorl, Door Field, Fla.
Evening star., 1942-08-06
American 'ThunderboIfs'
Reported in Britain
By the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
LONDON, Aug 6.-Under the
headline, "Thunderbolts in Britain"
the Manchester Guardian said today
that fighter squadrons Of the
United States Army Air Forces are
equipped with the most advanced
type of single seat fighter aircraft
so far placed in quantity production
there"
The headline was the first public
mention of the types of United
States Army pursuit planes being
used by United States fighter squad
rons based in Britain.
The "Thunderbolt, Republic PAT.
is one of the newest fighting planes
made for the United States Army.
1t is reputed to be extremely fast
with high operational ceiling.
Evening star., 1942-08-06
Commando Plane Circles Field
As Crew Tries Midoir Repairs

was at the controls with first 1t.
John p Begley OF the Air Force as
co-pilot.
A small plane piloted by Lloyd
Child, chief Custiss test pilot, was
lowering over the huge transport
in an effort to lower repair mate
rials by a line.
On the field beneath, Buffalo fire.
men kept a vigil in case the ship
crashed in flames. The firemen were
equipped with chemical extinguish-
ing apparatus and asbestos suits.
The plane had four hours fuel
supply at AIS pm.
Evening star., 1942-08-06
By LARRY ALLEN,

A4B0Cl0Ceu fItsS WAI CUIIeSpOIutfIV'
WITH THE BRITISH NAVAL
AIR FORCE IN THE EGYPTIAN
DESERT, Aug. 6.-Royal Navy
bombers blasted a concentration
OF Axis motor torpedo boats and
bargeS in the outer harbor Of
Matruh early today.
Pilot reported sticks of bombs fell
squarely amid 10 or u torpedo boats
ard five "E-boats" or parges which
they spotted while still fairly close
together"
They said the vessels sent up
Evening star., 1942-08-06
b the Associated Press.

BUFFALO, N. Y, Aug GA Cur
tjss Commando transport plane cir
cled Buffalo Airport this afternoon
with q damaged landing gear, its
fuel supply running low as crewmen
attempted repairs. At least six or
seven were aboard.
1t. Col. Clyde H. Mitchell, Army
Air Forces, said the plane took of
at II am. on its Army acceptance
fight.
Col. Mitchell said the landing
gear could not be locked in place.
Custiss Test Pilot Herbert Fisher
Evening star., 1942-08-06
British Planes Attack Foe
West Of EI AIamein
3, the Associated Press,

B, the Associated Press.
CAIRO, Aug g. British light
bombers and fighters attacked Axis
positions west Of Ell Alamein again
yesterday and blasted at shipping
OF the North African coast, British
headquarters announced today.
Land activity was limited to patrol
skirmishes and artillery exchanges
on the southern and central sectors,
communique said.
Damage Admitted by Italians.
ROME From italian Broadcasts), !,
Aug. 6 (P.--The Italian high COM
mand acknowledged today that
British planes had caused some
damage in raids on the Axis North
African supply ports Of Tobruk and
Matruh.
One of the raiders was reported
shot down and six other British
planes were said to have been de-
stroyed in air combats during Axis
attacks yesterday on British posi-
tions. =
Three British planes were shot
down over Malta and still another
was downed during an RAF attack
on an Axis convoy in the Central
Mediterranean. the high command
said. The convoy was reported to
have suffered no damage.
Evening star., 1942-08-06

ut was rough trip, the plane
took a terrible beating, but we did
plenty of damage" That was the
description of the first American
bombing attack July on the Nazi-
held Netherlands given today by
Technical Sergt Robert L. Golay.
az. OF Fredonia, Kans., on his return
from England for temporary duty
in the Air Forces air training pro-
gram.
Evening star., 1942-08-06
Washington Park

THIRD RACE-Purse, 81 500; allow
ances: 3.year -olds; furlongs.
Hometown Barney $50 $40 220
Haywood tGarnerl $50 240
Battle Cup tNeves) go
Time. 1:l2 3-5.
Also ran-Crown Colony. kirwin, Tee
Ajdge, Don VEGA.
Evening star., 1942-08-06
Horbor Closed at Nioht

NASSAU. Bahamas. Aug. 8 (R,-
The government has ordered Mas.
sau's harbor closed during the hours
OF darkness after August Is.
Evening star., 1942-08-06
Rockingham Park

FIFTH RACE+Purse. 5000; claiming;
4-year-olds and upward; furiongs.
Catapult (Wahler) 11.s0 40 $50
Paddy (6pyder) 11.20 6.20
Saving Grace fMoore1 $40
Time, I:l2 3.b ~, ,.u,in.r, r,.,,
Snd Six and No Sir.
Evening star., 1942-08-06
Lute Races

Earlier Results and Entries fOi
Tomorrow on Page TX.
Evening star., 1942-08-06
Cunden

FOURTH RACE-Purse $1,000; spe-
eial weishts; maidens' 2-year-oios' 'H
Dizzy Heights tHartje e.20 go $50
bHifi Sun tHowelD 200 90
Purtiist Knapp 500
Time, / .06 2-6.
Also ran Lesation, Fire Kabo, Lord
win. PortliGht.
Evening star., 1942-08-06

Appearing at press conference
held by Undersecretary of War
Patterson. the boyisn sandy-haired
fighter who went through a 140-
minute ordeal flirting with death
modestly told the part his crew
played In the mission.
For his part in the attack Re
wears the Distinguished Flying
Cross His trough trip" Is actually
-(See GOLAY, Page A-4)
Evening star., 1942-08-06
RED RESERVES STRIVE TO CHECK NAZI GAINS
Late News Bulletins
Funkhouser's Lead Cut to 556

TUHknOUSeT IeQQ = VI 10 00o
CHARLESTON, w. Va t4.-The lead of Raymond J. Funk
houser for the Republican senatorial nomination narrowed
to 556 votes Chapman Revercomb today in unocal
returns from all 10 the States 2788 precincts The
unofcial total in 2769 precincts Funkhouse 1901
Revercomb, 47,535.
Queen Places Wreoths at Two Virginia Shrines
Queen Wlhemina Of the Netherlands placed wreaths
the tomb George Washington Mount Vernon and of
the Unknown Soldier in Arlington National Cemetery this
afternoon. Earlier Story Page AID
Sinking in Gulf Announced
The Navy announced this afternoon that medium
sized United States merchant ship orpedoed and sunk
by enemy submarine the Gulf Of Mexico during the
latter part July Survivors landed at gulf coast
port