davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-09-23
By HENRY j. TAYLOR,

BY HENRY j. TAYLOR,
yoreiGn CORRESPONDENT of The Star and
North American Newspaper Alliance.
NEW YORK, Sept. 23-General-
iasimo Francisco Franco has de-
cided to return a king to the throne
In Madrid. The mysterious dismissal
Of Foreign Minister Ramon Serrano
Suner, Gen. Frances brother-in-
law, is the first step in an official
plan to re-establish monarchy in
Spain. At Gen. Frances direction
young Crown Prince Don Juan, son
of deposed King Alphonso XIII, is
now waiting In Switzerland for the
call
The heir to the throne knows he
may have to wait some time. But
he is thoroughly familiar with the
significance of Serrano Suner's dis
missal, and he is ready.
From the most important quarters
In Madrid l am able to confirm why
the recent scuttling of Serrano
Suner puts in operation the move
ment toward king and why the
king is needed.
The Franco movement has always
been monarchistic. Gen. Franco
never conceived himself as the ulti-
mate in Spanish politics, and neither
did his chief supporters. At the
start Of the bloody civil war Gen.
Franco was not a man Of the hour"
or the rallying point in the Nation
alistic cause. He wasn't even Its
leader. Gen. Franco was 4 soldier, a
very quiet and successful general.
But even as an officer, he wasn't at
the top Of the Nationalist Army.
Gen. Franco was the No. 2 general.
The movement had crystallized
around others, but fate crystallized
around him.
Benefited From Accidents.
First, in the early days Of the
civil war the No. l leader, Gen.
Jose Sanjurjo, was killed in an air.
plane accident. Then a second air
accident took the life of Gen.
Emilio Mola, the only other general
81 equal stature. Exclusive author
ity fell to Gen. Franco. And be-
cause of this authority his brother
ln-law. Serrano Suner, came into
prominence.
Serrano Suner, with close personal
ties to italy and therefore to the
Axis, was made titular head Of the
Falangist party, the political nucleus
ar the Nationalist movement.
Young, aggressive and somewhat
Objectionable to many elements
within the Nationalist movement,
Serrano Suner exercised his grow
tng ambitions in two important di-
rections. At home he frightened his
influence in the party to the ex-
clusion of important army leaders.
Abroad he used his ofiice as Spain's
Minister Of Foreign Affairs to dis
play strong affection for the Axis.
He visited Berlin and Rome fire.
Quently and seemed to pattern his
conduct after that of Count Gale
axzo CiAno, MusSolini's son-in-lAw
and Italy's Minister Of Foreign AZ
fairs, whose career there had been
very much like his own in Spain.
Serrano Suner did all this in the
name OF strengthening his brother
in-law,s position. He saw Gen.
Franco as the ultimate in Spanish
politics and it was essential to Ser
rano Suner personally that this be
the case. He consistently slghted
Gen. Frances rivals and opposed
Evening star., 1942-09-23
the re-establishment of even a lm-
tied monarchy.

the re-establishment OF even a lin
tied monarchy.
Showdown With Generals.
By last winter when I was in
Spain the friction between the gen.
erals and Serrano Suner was no.
ticeable. In meetings I had with
staff oflicers from one end of Spain
to the other they made no bones
about this with me. And they did
not like what the Falangist party
was doing to the army. Serrano
Suner was a serious strain on the
generals affection for Gen. Franco
himself.
As a loyal Spaniard. Gen. Franco
regretted this as much as any one
else, but he resisted as long as he
could. Last month, when Serrano
Suner gave three party henchmen
in Barcelona, Cordoba and Madrid
the authority of generals in the
army, a group of Spain's highest
Officers called on Gen. Franco at
Ell Pardo. They represented all
factions in the armed forces and
all sections of the nation. Behind
closed doors they had showdown
with the generalissimo. Either Ser
rano Suner went, paving the way
for the monarchy, now the only rail-
lying point on which they can all
agree, or they would resign as a body
at once.
Gen. Franco would be isolated,
most of the Al provinces would have
separate leaders, there would be
fighting in the streets all over
again. No one wanted this to hap
pen.
Gen. Franco dismissed Serrano
Suner that night. Gen. Franco him.
self wrote letter to Prince Don
Juan in the presence of the gen.
erals. One of their number was
selected to carry it to him in Switz-
erland. The Spanish train was
back on the monarchy track
The world was perplexed by the
Evening star., 1942-09-23

A. Walker. Milton E. Washing
Charles B. Wilson, Miles NJ. Del
william p. Finnin. Harold ]. Ht
bard, John T. O'Brien. Ralph
simons and Heustis H. Smith.
Evening star., 1942-09-23

To keep our independence, instead
Of being kept in dependence, start
regular bond buying program right
now,
Evening star., 1942-09-23

news Of Serrano Suner's dismissal.
Actually, and contrary to the
| worlds interpretation, Gen. Franco
| was not acting in terms of foreign
policy in the Serrano Suner mat
| ter. He was acting in relation to
an internal crisis, and his immedi-
ate problem came from within his
country and not from outside.
Spain Must Have King.
Looking into the future the event
! has great Importance for the United
Nations That it was the generals
who revolted against Serrano Suner,
and that Gen. Franco answered this
by dismissing him is of only pass
ing Importance compared to the
fact that Spain must have a king
to solve her problems and that the
king she is to have is pro- British.
Don Juan is Spain's protection in
the event of an Axis defeat. The
27-year-old English-speaking Brit
ish-educated nobleman is regarded
as good friend of the United Ma
tions. With a United Nations vic
tory, Spain's young king would be
very valuable to his country as
an offset to Gen. Frances Axis
background. The generals and
Gen. Franco himself recognize the
wisdom in this feature of their plan.
And the United Nations can be
very certain that Gen. Franco would
not have decided to turn to Don
Juan unless he saw indications that
Hitler is defeated.
DR.. Eberhard Won Stohrer, Nazi
ambassador to Spain, knows this
decision. He left Madrid to confer
with Hitler. He arrived in Ger
many last Friday.
Bonds, like bombs, come in many
Evening star., 1942-09-23
Decision by Franco
10 Restore King 10
Spain Is Reported
Don Juon DecIured Now
In Switzerland Waiting
For Call to Throne

The ioriter OF this article is
noted American iDar correspond
ent and commentator on foreign
affairs tDho has spent much time
in Spain and talked Nth its
leaders. He recently returned
from an aerial trip to Egypt and
Turkey, during ,Uhich he inter
gieiDed high military and cipilian
officials in those countries.
Evening star., 1942-09-23

Bonds, like bombs. come in many
sizes. Even the smallest one gives
a jolt to the Axis-if you buy it.
Evening star., 1942-01-16
Basque President Joins
United Nations Stand

President Jose Antonio de Aguirre
Of the Free Basque Government has
notified President Roosevelt that his
government adheres to the declara-
ton of the United Nations, 1t was
announced today.
Senor de Aguirre was elected Pres
ident by the Basques in Guernica
during the Spanish Civil War, which
precipitated a separatist movement
for the Basque country from the
rest of Spain. His headquarters now
is in New York City, while the Basque
country administratively is subject
to the government of Gen. Franco
Il wish to request that the ad-
herence Of Euzkadi-the Basque
country-to the accord reached in
Washington on January 2, which
have the honor to convey. might be
registered in respect to due merits
and in order that the BasQues might
have the honor to continue the
struggle on the side of those coun-
tries which defend the liberty Of
men and nations" President de
Aguirre wrote President Roosevelt
on January 8.
The Euzkadi government never has
received any official recognition from
the United States.
Evening star., 1942-01-16
Threat Of Axis Mines
Off East Coast Seen
After Shipping Raids
Observers Here BIume
Need for Successes for
Propaganda Purposes
BY the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
The Axis underseas campaign ex-
tending the battle Of the Atlantic
to American shores today brought
the threat Of enemy mines, - well
a. torpedoes, to East Coast shipping
lanes.
Mines played an important part
in U-boat successes in coastal waters
during 1915, and 1t was fully ex-
pected here that the present trans
Atlantic raiders would resort to
similar methods to boost their bag
Of tonnage.
There was . growing suspicion
here that . pressing Axis need for
some quick and snowy successes
prompted the present raid Just -
much ~ any military considera-
ton.
One coincidence that did not COM
pletely escape the Capitals notice
was that tho raiders appearance al
most in the shadow of the Statue
Of Liberty was timed nicely for
the opening of the an-American
Conference at Rio de Janeiro.
Propaganda Apparent.
The bold undersea foray. 1t was
pointed out, might we'll serve even
more apparent propaganda pur-
poses. The most obvious was the
"we're-with-you" gesture to Toxic,
which has yet to join the Rome -Ber-
lin end OF the Axis In war against
the Soviets. There was also the hy-
podermic effect that spectacular
raiding might have on the German
and italian home fronts after the
depressing reverses in Russia and
Libya. And there was Vichy, which
has shown less collaboration" zeal
since the United States entered the
conflict.
Two things about the current raid
have led some familiar with subma-
rine warfare to be somewhat dubious
that Its purpose was strictly mill
tary. They pointed out that 1t was q
Furnishing season of the year for
transatlantic submarine operations
the World War raiders all waited
for summer weather-and that the
first sinking reported was note
worthy in one respect for the expen-
diture Of torpedoes it involved.
The known types Of ocean going
submarines In the German and Ital-
ian navies are believed to carry q
dozen torpedoes. In view Of this
limited supply, considerable surprise
was expressed In naval circles that
the raider which sank the Pana.
manian tanker Norness of Long
Island Wednesday used three tor
pedoes. even though the ship was
less than 10000 tons.
Three Torpedoes Fired.
Accounts Of this attack indicated
that the raider fired three torpedoes
into the ship In quick succession
Evening star., 1942-01-16
By HELEN LODfBARD.

The center Of news intore0t in
Washington has shifted from the
policy trainers 70 men VINO COM
mand the guns, ahips and planes.
Representatives Of governments.in.
exile anxiously are appraising the
qualities Of American o6lcers and
the morale and efficiency Of the
armed forces Of the United States.
Warrington 10 the last Jumping of
place, the Anal clearing. .houss for
the hopes and fears Of those who
threw In their lot with England. II
the United States potential doesn't
turn the tide Of battle, all u lost for
them.
IN this city full Of foreigners, In.
cluding royal and titled refugees, the
drab uniform Of the American fleld
omcer suddenly has taken the STAGE
from the tunic OF the diplomat
Stories about the No / American
hero Of World War No. Z are null
tiplyins in Warrington drawing
rooms where handsome Gen. Douslas
Macarthur was once q popular
figure.
Gen. Macarthur himself sends
back very meager reports. He has
cited some cases of outstanding
bravery on the part Of the men
under his command but says nothing
OF himself. Letters from ofncers
stationed in the Philippines. just
before the fall Of Manila, describe
The General" as he is called in
the islands. as the Same Old
Dough" Gen. Macarthur appar.
emily has kept his well-known con-
tempt for physical danger.
When the Japanese force was at
lacking at Linsayen Bay. Gen. Mac
Arthur was inspecting with the calm
detachment Of q general making a
peacetime appraisal of the style Of
his troops.
Gen. Macarthur never has been
an apologize servant Of the armed
forces. Even in those days when
ofncers stationed in Washinston
were appearing in uniform as little
as possible so they would not In
flame the peace leagues. he wore
his service clothes everywhere. He
frequently would appear at dinner
parties in uniform-something his
colleagues would never have thought
Of doing.
Proud Of the Army tradition in
his family, each succeeding star has
been . source Of great satisfaction.
When Gen. Macarthur was advised in
Manila Of his promotion to full gen.
eral he was 80 pleased that he i'm
mediately had . fourth star sewn on
his fatigue cap. He makes an i'm
posing f1gure as he moves among his
men. There Is some concern in
Evening star., 1942-01-16
Menzies Louds Brooke-Pophom,
Hits | london for Far East Ills
AustroIiun Declares
British Government
Knew of Needs

By the Associated Press.
MELBOURNE, Australia, Jn.
16.-Former Prime Minister ROB-
ert G. Menzies today laid the
blame for the shortage Of Brittsh
air strength in Singapore AID
the Malay Peninsula on the
shoulders of military leaders n
London.
whoever Is To blame for the
shortage Of airplanes at Singapore
and in Malaga" he said in broAi-
cast, lit is certainly not Gen. Sir
Robert Brooke-Popham"
Sir Robert was removed at tie
end Of last month as the COMMANDER
in chief of the British Far East~-n
forces, with headquarters at SineA-
pore.
Since the Japanese have swept
down the Malay Peninsula he las
been criticized rs being responsible
for inadequate preparations
zone factor cited for the loss OF
the British battleship Prince OF
Wales and battle cruiser Repuse
under japanese air attack was the
lack of protecting British aircrafD
Mr.. MenZies said:
when I was passing through
Singapore early last year. Sir Robert
from the first to last spoke to ne
about the urgent and predominant
need for air strength, and partiH!-
larly fighter strength.
He is a brave man, but he vas
in a state of the greatest possible
emotional disturbance about our air
weakness.
"Sir Robert Brooke -Popham knew
Evening star., 1942-01-16
Nine Men Killed in Crash
OF Army Bomber in Idaho

8y the Associated Press.
SPOKANE, Wash, Jan. 1.-two
offlcerS and seven enlisted men were
killed Wednesday in an Army bomb
ing plane which crashed and burned
IS miles southeast Of Boise, Idaho,
the I'd Air Force announced last
night.
The dead were listed as: Second
1t. Elmer M. Mum, jr. pilot, Fort
Worth, Tex: Second 1t. Darrell
Wing, co-pilot. Phoenix. Ariz.: Staff
Sergt. Carl Funkhouser, Skedee,
Okla: Stan Sergt. Carmen r. Gis-
mondi, Oliver. Pa: Pvt. First Class
Andre A. Chisholm. Woodside. Long
Island, N. Y: Pvt. Robert F. Adams,
Vale, Greg; Pvt. Lloyd Knight,
Thompsonville. ILL.,; Pvt Leland San
ders, Odessa, Mo. and Pvt Stanley
Sansenbach. Parkersburg. Iowa.
The announcement said the plane
was on q routine flight.
Evening star., 1942-01-16
SPECIAL NOTICES.

WILL THE TWO LADIES WHO WITNESSED
fallen man on Dec. &. a in Macomb ST.,
.wxaMs M.sS avs alsy E plesfe Sess, call ESTHER MAE
ab0o or Box SO6-M. Star
I WILL NOT BE REsPoNsIBLE FOR ANY
s v WfNo%RS sRs Ar fssF so 6'f
Ct. NV. :ls-
NOTICE OF ANNUAL MEETING OF
STOCKHOLDERS.
Of Gss nsS comp.ny vii Is
Tenth iH s Street st Sorthwest. S W.shinston D. G.
eosf Monasy noan Tme
the purpose of electing directors and for
the transaction Of such other business as
ti adJournments thereof. By order Of the
Board of Directors. EDW. T. STAFFORD,
ANNUAL IIaS!, REPoRT OF 2c,;I! The e. SECURITY
m.jority Of the Board of Directors OF the
Senssv Of sb.
SS of sfa has seen Actually s
e GA. AsP1NwALLs president and and Director. 81
". J. FLATHER: Jr,, Director.
Paul Alvey, Secretary OF the Security
stsraee Company OF the District of Colum.
bis do hereby swear that the facts stated
in~ the above certificate are true to the
oeSt Of my knowledse and belief.
PAUL ALVEY, Secretary.
Subscribed and sworn to before me. a
notary public. in and for the District OF
Columbia. this 18th day Of January. AID.
1899
{Seal) HARRY P JONES.
Notary Public. D. c.
NY commission expires March 81, 1913.
z ADMINISTRATIVE NOTICE
Having qualified as administrative Of the
estate of Irene v. Stout. deceased. all
peRsons indebted to said estate are re-
oueSted to make prompt settlement. and all
persons to whom the estate Is indebted are
requested to present their claims promptly
tosthe undersigned. properly certified for
Sayment. ,.nrr .rour
Administrative.
Cor. washington ave. and Walnut ST.,
Alexandria, Va
Evening star., 1942-01-16
Gen. MocAthurs Contempt
For Danger Steels Troops

Warrington that Gen. Macarthur
may be exposing himself needlessly,
but no one questions that his troops
have been steeled by his demonstra-
ton.
Pushing to foreign observers is
the easy comaraderie Of American
omcers, regardless Of rank. The
American Chief Of Stan, Gen. George
@. Marshall, Is much too busy for
the peace time round Of parties. but
when he does 90 out he 10 Just one
Of the crowd.
Gen. and Mrs. Marshall went to
call late one Afternoon on Z sub
ordinate. It was the maids day or
The hcstess apolosised for not being
able to ask the MarshAlls to stay
for dinner. Mrs. Marshall promptly
went out TO the icebox and helped
the young wife prepare 4 pot-luck
meal for the two men, who were
deep In talk Of military matters. In
cidents such ~ these seem entirely
natural to the average American,
but to the thousands Of foreign Dip
lomats and members Of missions in
the Capital they are startling, al
most revolutionary.
tReleased by the Bell syndicate, Incl
Evening star., 1942-01-16
; Air Corps Generals
ASSIGNED to New Duties

Three Army Air Corps general Of
hcers were assigned to new duties
today in official Army orders. .'
Maj. Gen. Barton K. Yount, now
commanding the West Coast Air
Corps Training Center. Monett
Field, Calf, will start duties i'm
mediately in tho ONCE Of the Chief
Of the Air Corps here.
Brig. Gen. George Z. stratemeyer
and Brig. Gen. Ralph p. Cousins,
both on duty in washington, are
assigned to command Air Corps
training centers. The former, now
In the ONCE Of the Chief Of the Air
Corps. will command the center at
Maxwell Field, Ala. Gen. Cousins,
now assigned at headquarters Of the
Army Air Forces. will command the
Moffett Field center.
Evening star., 1942-01-16

without waiting 70 dstssnatne
whether the first had struck . death
blow. This was considered . prodi-
gal expenditure Of torpedoes. The
missiles are extremely costly-the
United States Navy pays $4,000
apiece for those It uses-and an ex-
perienced submarine commander is
not wont to f1re any more than nee
essary in enemy waters. unless he
has orders to make doubly or triply
sure Of his victim.
The number Of torpedoes used In
the second reported sinking was not
disclosed.
Definite evidence Of enemy min
Ing operations has not yet material
lied, as far aS can be learned from
naval announcements. However,
World War experience shows that
the mines sowed by undcrseas
raiders accounted for one-fourth Of
their bag.
1918 Torpedo Record.
The 1918 record credits enemy
torpedoes with 6S,14l tons Of ship
ping In American raids; mines With
81. 100 tons and sunfire or explosives
with % ,4o5 tons. . total Of 400 .035
tons.
One U-boat raider spent eight
days sowing mines In the approaches
to New York Harbor. 1t was prob
ably one Of these that sent the
armored cruiser U. 8. s. San Diego
to the bottom near Fire Island. The
battleship Minnesota hit another
mine in Fenwick Island Shoals,
damaging her forward compart-
ments, but did not sink.
The counter measures now being
taken against enemy mines and
raiders are military secrets, and the
Capital did not look for any report
on the success Of operations imme-
diately, in line with the war policy
of not disclosing such information
promptly when 1t would be Of value
to the enemy.
The Atlantic submarine foray
added q new, II not entirely unex-
pected, problem to the press of war
work that kept President Roosevelt
so busy that he Cancelled his usual
press conference today. The Presi-
dents virtually uninterrupted con-
centration upon war matters for
the past few days has led to conjec-
ture that some important develop
ment or announcement may be in
the omng.
Evening star., 1942-01-16
Defense Probe
Continued From First Page0

thought the committee report oufht
to have a very wholesome eaE:t'
on the defense setup. The report
charged shortsighted and mefilc INT
administration by Government on
cials, as we'll as self1shness on he
part Of private interests.
Meanwhile, Senator Truman told
reporters that while a definite pro-
gram for the future had not pet
been worked out, the commit ee
members want to see that ne
Governments expenditures are in
the public interest and We will keep
trying to get q fair return for ne
money that we spend"
You have to keep watching ne
people that spend it in order to &C.
complish that" he added.
The committees function. he sid,
was to gather the facts and mfke
them public, depending chiefly on
public opinion to enforce reforms
where needed.
1--WE are not going to assume he
prerogatives of the Department Of
Justice" he said. If the DepUt-
ment of Justice can use the evi-
dence in the record we make, /, Is
available"
Major Findings Listed.
Among the committees ma ,jor
findings were these:
That after two years of fra ATTIC
effort, we have too few planes to
allow adequate flying time to Jul
own pilots"
That men receiving private salaries
from big business concerns have
worked for the Office of ProducE on
Management for 81 a year or for
no compensation and have actuilly
been lobbyists" for private business
interests. The committee called for
an end to this practice.
That there was failure to expand
production Of many vitality nee1ed
war materials, such as copper, Lad
zinc and aluminium.
That the armaments program vas
handicapped by unnecessary strikes
though Of late these had been ess
of this obstruction.
That the automobile industry 'Has
permitted to build new plant ftcil-
tiles for defense manufacture. using
Government funds. instead Of ton-
verting existing facilities to defense
production, thus leaving the induitry
free to continue automobile pro<uc-
ton at the highest level since A32o
Evening star., 1942-01-16

the facts. The Australian govern
ment knew them and the British
government knew them.
conference after conference took
place in London about the question
Of air strength in the Far East.
"On behalf of Australia, the prob
lem was put as one OF the greatest
gravity and urgency.
Accurate adherence to historical
fact requires that I should say that
the service chiefs in London took q
more modest view of the air require
ments for Singapore and Malaga
than those on the spot"
Evening star., 1942-01-16

Station WINK, and Norman Red,
program director Of Station WWLC,
said they did not expect progrsm
changes as a result Of the reguii-
tions, having abandoned maf,-t1-
the-street broadcasts after the At
tack on Pearl Harbor.
Request numbers have been ,e-
stricted to those received by mail,
and have not been played at 4
particular time. they reported.
Mr.. Reed said his stations Only
present audience participation fsa-
ture is one In which groups of se-v-
ice men have taken part with qu.s-
tions checked carefully before use
Evening star., 1942-01-16

good parts. Put your Car Care"
on a regular inspection basis at Call
Carl. Washinston's Little Detroit"
get the 100000 miles your car
owes you! Night or day, Call Carl
OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES Avenue at
Peabody Street; Northeast-at 604
Rhode island Avenue; Downtown
At 6l4 H Street NV.
Evening star., 1942-01-16

cdtch-can. They
change grease
hit . or = miss.
T h ey cl e a n
spark plugs
when somethin.
serious lays up
the car yet
motor str a n
from plugs that
fire unevenly is
often what lays
up the c ar!
Friction wears
out parts. Worn
Evening star., 1942-01-16
Sunday School PIons Show

A moving picture program. made
up of MY Man Godfrey" and three
shorter films. will be sponsoree by
the Sunday school of the Chapei Of
the Redeemer at the fire hall ct Glen
Echo at 7:30 O'Clock tonight.
Evening star., 1942-01-16
Car Care
BY Ed Carl
Truth is Better
Than FRICTION

American cars are built to do 100.-
900 miles. The trouble with car
owners 10 they won't scare about
wear. They change oil catch-as.