davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-12-21
Work Begins on Eastward
Leg Of Illinois Pipeline
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press
Despite cold weather. construction
Of the 857-mile eastward leg of the
24-inch war emergency oil pipeline
from Norris City, Ill, to refineries
at New York and Philadelphia be-
gan early today on the main line
section west of Phoenixville juno
ton. Pa.
Petroleum Administrator Ickes
announced that the first of the vet
eran pipeline crews on whom he
said he was counting for record
construction" welded the first pipe
this morning
A second and third crew are ex-
pected to start work in few days
and by early January work should
be going full blast on all II con-
tract sections. Mr.. Ickes said.
The 531-mile northWard leg of
the pipeline from Longview, Tex,
to Norris City, on which work began
in August. will be completed this
week, but will not start moving oil
until late January because of delay
in obtaining pumping equipment.
Deputy Administrator Ralph K
Davies cautioned, however. that the
extent to which. the line might ease
the critical Eastern oil shortage
would depend largely "on the de-
velopment of Army Navy demands
for offshore shipment to the thea
ters of war"
Evening star., 1942-12-21
Axis Raid in Tunisio Thrown Back
Nevada Divorces Ruled Valid
In All States by Supreme Court
Justice Douglas Delivers 6-to-2 Decision
Reversing Previous High Tribunal Actions

by virtue of it's command over its
domiciliarieS and its large interest
in the institution of marriage can
alter within its own borders the
marriage status of the spouse domi-
ciled there. even though the other
spouse is absent"
Conviction Reversed.
The decision reversed the convic-
ton of the couple in North Carolina
on a charge of bigamous cohabita
tion The State contended they were
not legally married under North
Carolina law.
Counsel for the two asserted that
a Supreme Court decision uphold
ing the conviction would "bastardize
many children and create havoc
among literally thousands of mar
ried couples throughout the United
States"
Within the limits of her political
power" Justice Douglas said, North
Carolina may of course. enforce her
own policy regarding the marriage
reiation-an institution more basic
in our civilization than other. But
society also has an interest in the
avoidance of polygamous marriages
and in the protection of innocent
of f-spring of marriages deemed le-
gitimate in other Jurisdictions.
And other States have an equally
See DIVORCES page o-X)
Evening star., 1942-12-21
Heating Expert Raps
WPB Indor5ed
Fireplace Crates
Pattern Maker Declares
30-Pound Device Lucky
If 1t Burns Coal at All

Fireplace CRATES weighing not
more than 80 pounds, which the
War Production Board ruled on
Saturday could be manufactured
between now and January 6, will
last about two months. according
to the general president of the
Pattern Makers League of North
America.
George @. Lynch, who said he had
been following the business of max
ing patterns for IS years, expressed
the opinion that a 3O-pound crate
would have to be made of such light
materials that cit would be lucky if
the CRATE could burn coal at ALL
He said the average fireplace
CRATE weighs 60 to 80 pounds, and
that if 30-pound CRATE were pro-
duced of adequate materials it
would be too small for practical use
in the home.
A WPB spokesman said this after
noon that it had received "thous-
ands of responses" from boundaries
of the country indicating a willing
ness to manufacture a 30-pound
CRATE since its order went out last
week lifting ban on their manu-
facture.
He suggested that if a crate
were not large enough, two could be
purchased and placed in the fire.
place. I'VE are not restricting the
number to be sold," he said.
From another source. the head of
a large nearby foundry. came the
observation today that a 30 pound
crate would not heat a dog house. y
The CRATES this concern were max
ing before orders halted their man.
ufacture weighed l3O pounds.
There couldn't be a typograph-
ical error. could there?" he asked.
The WPB spokesman said def
initely no" and claimed any com
plants along this line were "only
adding oil to the fire"
Evening star., 1942-12-21
Rehiring Members
.0fSect Would Cause
.Wa|kout, Firm Says
Seven Were Discharged
To Promote Harmony,
Plant Official Asserts

BY the Associated Press
Mandatory rehiring of seven
members of Jehovah's Witnesses
would precipitate a walkout in
Clarksburg (Val glass plant, Of
ficials of the Pittsburgh Plate
Glass Co. told the Presidents
Committee on Fair Employment
Practice today.
The seven men have appealed to
the committee. contending they were
dismissed from their jobs because
of their beliefs which prohibit their
saluting the flag.
Howard L. Halbach, plant super
intendent. told the committee that
the men were discharged or quit to
insure harmony among the other
workers. who he said, had taken
exception December 8, 194l, to the
refusal of one of the sect members,
Clyde Seders, to stand during the
playing of the National Anthem.
Sees Gripping Walkout.
Mr.. Halbach expressed belief that
if the seven were now employed
enough men would quit to prevent
(See WITNESSES, Page 2-XD
Evening star., 1942-12-21
Search for Missing Plane
Is Shifted in Canada
BY TIE Associated Press

BY the Associated Press
VANCOUVER, British Columbia.
Dec. 2l.-Search for Canadian
Pacific Airlines plane missing with
13 persons aboard shifted to the
area Immediately north of Van
couver today as CPA officials dis
closed the aircraft had asked for
landing instructions before disap-
pearing soon after darkness fell yes
terday.
Capt. Ernest Kubicek and Capt.
William Holland, veteran pilots, were
at the controls of the transport,
which was last heard from few
miles north of Vancouver just be-
fore 1t was due to land Stewardess
Edna Young and 10 passengers.
their identify as yet undisclosed, also
were aboard.
Three hours after the plane took
off from Prince George British Co.
1umbia, the CPA control tower at
Vancouver Airport said. one of the
pilots asked for landing instructions,
but when the controller called back
he could get no acknowledgement.
This located the plane in the
mountainous area due north of VAN
couver. An earlier report by the
Royal Canadian Air Force Detection
Service had indicated that it was
last seen in the Harrison Lake dis
trict 80 miles east of Vancouver, but
this was another CPA plane, which
later landed safely.
Evening star., 1942-12-21
Navy Pre-F|ight Schools
To Stress Fundamentals

BY the Associated Press
The Navy said today that it's new
flight preparatory schools for avia-
ton cadets would stress the study
Of fundamental subjects in which
aviators cannot be too proficient"
The curricula at the 20 colleges
where the schools will open January
7 will include mathematics, physics,
communications, plane recognition.
aircraft engines, navigation and
geography.
The 20 colleges, selection of
which recently was announced will
take in approximately 1000 cadets
January and continue taking them
at the rate of 1000 every four weeks
until total of 10000 young men are
studying the course.
Later the cadets will go into pre-
flight school. the present beginners
school, which stresses physical
toughening and more advanced
training than that which flight pre-
paratory courses will give.
Evening star., 1942-12-21

January was the lowest tempera-
ture previously recorded this year,
while the coldest December 81
weather had been 8 degrees. in 1919.
All-Time Low in 1899.
This mornings drop was the low
est for any day since January %.
1886, the Weather Bureau said. That
morning the thermometer fell to
zero.
The al-time low was Is degrees
below zero on February II. 1899. On
January l, 1881, it went to ID below
and on December 81, 1880, it dropped
to IS below.
The bureau reminded the public
as if it didn't already know-that
winter would arrive here officially at
6:40 am. tomorrow.
In forecasting warmer tempera-
lures for tonight the Weather Bu-
reau also predicted gentle winds"
The warmth probably will not be
sufficient to melt the snow on the
ground, the forecaster said.
The mercury dropped to 10 degrees
below zero at Frederick. Md, an all
time minimum for December and
only 2 degrees above the coldest
weather ever reported in Frederick.
The record cold snap was in jan
uary, 1912.
The lowest tempera ture reported
in Maryland, however. was the %
degrees below zero recorded by the
State Roads Commission.
Also other Maryland temperatures
were frigid, with Unionville report
ing l9 degrees below zero and Balti-
more 5 degrees below.
Superintendent Nicholas Orem OF
Prince Georges County Schools said
it was 8 below at Upper Marlboro,
Md.
Yesterdays weather in New York
City was the coldest in nine years.
Temperatures dropped to / below
last night, but at Owls Head. N. Y,
the mercury plunged to IS below.
Many cities reported sub-zero tenn
peratures.
E. j. Boothby, general manager
of the gas company, said at 10 am.
that the public had co-operated
and that the crisis was over. Con-
sumers could resume full use of
their gas heating equipment, If they
kept in mind that the Washington
(See WEATHER, Page 2-X)
Evening star., 1942-12-21
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
In a far-reaching opinion, the
Supreme Court ruled today that
Nevada divorces, under present
law and the Constitution, must
be recognized by other States.
Justice Douglas delivered the 6-to-
2 decision which overruled pre-
viouS Supreme Court opinion ex-
pressing contrary views.
Specifically. the tribunal held that
North Carolina is required under
existing law to reorganize Nevada
divorces obtained by North Caro-
lima man and woman from their
respective spouses before their mar
riage to each other
Applies to All States.
The principles of the Supreme
Court opinion would apply to all
other States.
Each State as sovereign JUS
tice Douglas said, has rightful
and legitimate concern in the
marital status of persons domiciled
within its borders.
The marriage relation creates
problems of large social Importance.
Protection of offspring, property
interests and the enforcement Of
marital responsibilities are but a
few of commanding problems in the
field of domestic relations with
which the State must deal.
Thus it is plain that each State
Evening star., 1942-12-21
Allied Forces
Extend Gains
InNewGuiinea
Sweep Westward Along
Coast After Seizure
Of Cape Endoiodere

Earlier Story on Page A-1.)
By WILLIAM BONI,

Associated Press War Correspondent.
WHERE IN NEW
GUINEA, Dec. 21.-Riding on the
momentum furnished by the first
tanks ever used by the Allies in
the Buna theater, Americans
and Australians had achieved
these gains early today:
l. They had swept westward along
the coats for 1000 yards from Cape
Endaiadere, which they took Friday.
2. They had reached the creek
separating new Buna. air strip
from the old landing strip, and had
blasted away the japanese bridge
connecting the two.
3. They had cleaned out the strong
points along the north side of the
new strip as well as those on the
west bank of the creek
Australians Aid Drive.
Australians chiefly infantry, CO.
operated with the Americans in
neutralizing these strong points,
around which some of the heaviest
fighting had ragged.
The Allies reached a point on
the beach only some 1000 yards
east of Buna Government Station,
principal point held by the jap
anese after the fall of Buna, to the
west, and Cape Endaiadere
The bulk of the tank strength was
used in support of the Americans
who attacked the strong points de-
Tending the landing strips.
Make Short Work of Defenses.
These were solid defensive posi-
tions, but the armored units made
short work of them
Some of the tanks, which carry
-millimeter cannon as we'll as
machine guns. rode over and
crushed the japanese emplacements
The japanese tried to use fame
throwers, as they did at Milne Bay,
the only other time tanks have been
used in New Guinea. But the Jap
anese lacked any other anti-tank
weapons.
Evening star., 1942-12-21
II. S. Postwar
Control of Seas
Urged by Knox
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
Earlier Story on Page A-7.)
HOUSTON, Tex, Dec. 2l.-Secre-
tary of the Navy Knox, principal
figure at the launching of seven
fighting ships here today, declared
the United States must see to it
after the war that it maintains
control of the seas in the interests
of peace.
He presented the Brown Ship
building Co. workers the Army
Navy "E" award for excellence of
production.
A few minutes later. before dis
tinguished witnesses including Sec
retary of Commerce Jones. admirals
and generals. two destroyer escort
vessels slid with a bang sideways
into the water. Between these two
launchings five menacing- looking
little combat craft slipped OF their
ways.
The day-long ceremony reaches a
climax tonight with the presenta-
ton OF a certificate for more than
SIC. 0.000, 900 to Secretary Knox. This
sum, raised through the purchase
OF War Bonds. viii be assigned to
paying for . new cruiser Houston.
Evening star., 1942-12-21
WPB Unit Shifts
Working Quarters as
Fuel Oil Runs Low
D. c. Family Prepares
To Quit City Due to
Lack of Heat in Home
Earlier Story on Page B-1O

Fuel oil ration restrictions hit
no less a personality than Uncle
Sam, himself, this morning when
scant oil supplies left the build
ing at 470 Indiana avenue NV
so cold that more than 100 WPB
employees were sent elsewhere to
do their work.
At the same time The Star learned
through a phone call from Mrs.
Earle F. Gill, 3275 Arcadia place
NV, that her family plans to live
with relatives in New Jersey be-
cause their ration board would issue
them only 81 gallons of fuel oil.
She said her relatives heat by coal.
Too Cold to Work.
1t was the Building Materials
Division of the War Production
Board that was forced from its vital
task to seek vital warmth. Their
regular quarters is in an old struc-
ture formerly used by the Police
Department.
When employees reported for work
(See FUEL OIL, Page AK
Evening star., 1942-12-21
Gun Plant
Output Hampered
By Labor Dispute
Several Hundred Strike
When Sunday Shift
Is Cut Is Per Cent
BY the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
JACKSON, Mich, Dec. 21.-A
strike of several hundred union
members employed at the Good
year Tire g. Rubber Co. today
hampered production in the
company's gun plant here, which
operated with only a fraction OF
its normal force.
Company officials and leaders of
the United Rubber Workers lCIO)
local union conferred in an attempt
to settle the dispute which centered
in arrangements for Sunday work
at the plant.
A notice posted by the company
Friday, announcing that only Is per
cent of the Sunday shift was to re-
port, set off the dispute. Local
union members at a meeting de-
cided the entire force should be
given Sunday work, or none would
work, and directed unionists to re-
main away from the plant.
A company spokesman said Fri
days notice was intended to avoid
payment of double time for a large
number of new employees being
trained for work in the plant.
Evening star., 1942-12-21
New B and { Gas Cards
Issuance Halted by 0PA

Earlier Story on Page A-1.)
Whitney Leary, OPA director for
the District. announced this after
noon that he had received instruc-
,tions from the national Office of
Price Administration to stop issu
ance of all new and renewal B and
c gasoline rationing cards until re-
ceipt Of new instructions and tables
He said the order was effective
Immediately and that the instruc-
tipns had been passed on to all local
boards.
The OPA action. which tempo
rarily discontinues issuance of sup
elemental as well as new cards. is
an outgrowth of the weekend ban
on gas sales. it was explained.
Evening star., 1942-12-21
One Above Sets
Dec. u Record;
BreakDueToday
Coolest Day Of Year;
Public Responds to
Appeal to Save Cos
pictures on Page BID

A break in Washington's cold
spell, with slowly rising temper
atures during the day and low
tonight of Is degrees, was fore
cast by the Weather Bureau
after the all-time weather rec
ord for December 81 was shat
tered when the mercury tumbled
to low of l degree at 2:45 am.
today.
Faced with possible overtaxing Of
gas pumping facilities as Washing
tonianS burned their gas stoves in
an effort to keep warm, the Wash
ington Gas Light Co at am.
began broadcasting appeals to all
consumers, asking that use of gas
ranges be confined to two top burn
ers until 10 am. and that ovens
not be used The broadcast also
requested that thermoStats be
turned back to go degrees in all
homes and stores heated by gas.
The severe cold. preceded by
4-inch snowfall which slowed the
already overtaxed transportation
system, broke the previous low mark
for 1912 by 6 degrees and set an
all-time record for December 81
weather here. Seven degrees on
Evening star., 1942-12-21
Oil Restrictions
Must Remain,
Byrnes Says
Agencies Will Try to
Improve Rotionine,
= He Reports

Government agencies con-
cerned with the gasoline and
heating fuel problem plan steps
to increase the supply and i'm
prove rationing methods" but
hold out no hope for any les
sening of the restrictions on the
use of petroleum products" it
was announced this afternoon by
James F. Byrnes, director of eco
nomic Stabilization, after a
White House conference, which
he had called to see what might
be done to improve conditions.
Those meeting with Mr.. Byrnes
were Secretary of Interior Ickes. the
petroleum administrator: Deputy
Petroleum Administrator Davies.
Price Administrator Henderson and
Director Eastman of the Office of
Defense Transportation.
A statement, issued by Mr.. Byrnes
said:
THE discussion involved the
available supplies. the anticipated
demands, the methods of rationing
the supply available for civilian pur-
poses.
The agencies involved have
shown a splendid spirit of cooper
alton in the effort to solve the i'm
mediate problems resulting from
unanticipated demands for military
purposes. 1t is not expected that
for the present there will be any
material change in the procedure
adopted by the respective agencies.
THE agencies will submit to me
in writing suggestions on various
phases of the problem, and we will
meet Wednesday morning for fur
ther discussion
I'm the meantime steps will be
taken by the respective agencies to
increase the supply and to improve
rationing methods. However, in
view of increased military demands
and the delays in securing critical
materials to expand terminal facili-
ties, and complete pipelines and
barge construction. the agencies in
volved hold out no hope for any
lessening of the restrictions upon
the use of gasoline and fuel OIL"
Evening star., 1942-12-21
Reform Federation
Exemption on D. {.
Job Taxes Upheld
Supreme Court Refuses
To Review Charges Of
Non-ChoritubIe Activity
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
The Supreme Court refused
today to review a decision hold
ing that the international Re-
form Federation of Washington
was organized and operated ex-
clusively for charitable, religious
or educational purposes and
hence was not required to make
contributions under the District
Unemployment Compensation
Act.
This ruling, by the United States
Court of Appeals, was challenged
by the District Unemployment Com
pensation Board on the ground that
the federation engages in broad,
general promotional propaganda,
legislative and political activities"
and should not be exempt.
Explaining that the Court of APP
peals ruling was the first Federal
court decision involving the ques-
ton of exemption of corporation
under the provisions of any unem-
ployment compensation legislation" j"
the District board asserted that the
opinion, if permitted to remain in
effect, would have serious and
detrimental effect upon the whole
social security program in the
United States"
All 43 States were said to have
similar exemption provisions. Is of
which were identical with the one
involved in the litigation.
"Only agencies which are organ
lied and operated exclusively for
charitable purposes are entitled to
exemption the board asserted.
1t added that the Federation was
organized to promote such things as
the enactment and enforcement of
laws prohibiting the alcoholic liquor
traffic, the white slave traffic. the
defense of the Sabbath. the sup
preston of gambling and of politi-
cal corruption, and the substitu-
ton of arbitration and Cancellation
for both industrial and international
war"
Evening star., 1942-12-21
Shoe Workers Will Ask
Is Per Cent Boost

HAVERHILL, Mass. Dec 81 fPl.-
Wage increases Is per cent above
levels of January /. 1941, will be
asked of all shoe manufacturers in
the United States who hold con-
tracts with the United Shoe Work
ers of America, CIO, Frank R. Nc
Grath of Washington, general presi-
dent of the union, announced today
After a conference with district
union leaders in Haverhill, Mr.. Nc
Grath said the new wage policy was
intended Ito lift the shoe industry
out of the substandard wage CLASH
fication." He said the average hour
ly wage was IS cents.
In Haverhill. the union recently
petitioned the Haverhill Shoe Man
ufacturers' Board of Trade for wage
adjustments affecting $500 workers.
Evening star., 1942-12-21
Soldier or Employer
Must Ask for DISCHARGE
By the Associated Press

BY the Associated Press
Employers and the men them
selves must initiate action to OBJ
tain honorable discharges for SOL
diers 38 years and older to return
to essential jobs in war industries
and agriculture, the Office of War
Information reported today.
The owl said the War Man
power Commission and other civil
ian Government agencies have no
authority to obtain releases. al
though they have been showered
with requests.
The discharges may be obtained
directly from the Army for enlisted
men 38 years or older who are "un-
able to satisfactorily perform mill
tary service but who are qualified
to assist the national war effort" ;"
it was explained.
Each application will be consid-
cred individually and no soldier
will be discharged by the Army un-
less suitable trained replacement
is present and available"
Evening star., 1942-12-21
Treasury Plans Using Teachers
As Instructors on Income Tax

The Treasury is interested pri-
marily, it was said, in enlisting the
aid of teachers with an educational
interest in tax problems such as
those instructing in business sub
jects. mathematics and civics.
Ofiicials said enlisting teacher aid
was proposed as one step to meet
the problem of handling about g.
000, 900 persons who must make in
come tax returns for the first time
next year.
The Bureau of Internal Revenue
expects to have about 2.000 tax con-
sultants in the field between now
and March Is to advise on and help
taxpayers with their returns.
Evening star., 1942-12-21
1T Costs $40 to Send
Holiday Greetings
To Jop-HeId Coptives
BY the Associated Press

BY the Associated Press
A spokesman for the Ameri-
can Red Cross said today it
costs approximately $40 to send
a Christmas greeting by cable
gram to American soldiers held
prisoners by the japanese in
the Philippines.
y, The messages are restricted
to six sample communications
ranging from 7 to IL words
each, but the Red Cross official
said expense of handling was
heavy. The cablegrams must
be checked by the censor as a
,precaution against change or
wording, then sent to Toxic via
Geneva and finally on to the
prison camps. Similar mes
sages to American prisoners in
Europe cost about $3.50.
Evening star., 1942-12-21
Soldiers PIoy Sonto

LONDON, Dec. 81 lP.-United
States soldiers contributed several
hundred dollars to give Christmas
parties to 2,40O British children to-
day. About 1900 children and so
teachers were entertained by Amer
ican troops at Salisbury and they
played Santa Claus to another 1900
children at three parties in And
over.
Evening star., 1942-12-21
Idaho LITER Returns
To Prison After Escape
BY the Associated Press

BY the Associated Press
BOISE, Idaho. Dec. 21.-Duncan
M. Johnston, 44-year-old former
Twin Falls mayor. fled from the
Idaho Penitentiary grounds last
night, but returned voluntarily this
morning.
Warden c. Van Clark said john
ston, trusty, disappeared from
house outside the walls.
The warden said Johnston left
a dummy in his bed, walked to
the Boise residential area a few
blocks away and was contacted by
an automobile.
Johnston, convicted of murder
for the death OF George l.. Olsen,
Salt Lake City salesman, in 1888.
was serving a life sentence.