davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-07-24
bott|enecks Solved
In Plan for Giant
Planes, Kaiser Says
Magnesium and Engines
Available for Project,
ShipbuiIder Declares
b. the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
SAN FRANCISCO. July 24.-Ship-
builder Henry j. Kaiser believes he
has solved two bottlenecks in his
plans for building giant cargo air.
planes on mass production basis.
He said he already had been
offered all the aluminium needed for
the program and declared that the
required engines-another bottle
neck-could be supplied by the auto
motive industry
The War Production Board OBJ
jected that materials were unavail-
able when Mr.. Kaiser. master ship
builder of the West Coast, first an
nounced his airship building plan
at Portland, Oreg., last Sunday.
Answering some objections last
night in radio broadcast, Mr.
Kaiser said that J. Lewis Reynolds
operator of large aluminium plant
near Portland, Greg, had offered to
supply all of that metal needed for
immediate production.
He declared that Henry Ford, the
motor manufacturer, already has
cited the ability of the automotive
/ industry TO turn out thousands OF
airplanes month. There is no rea
son to doubt. Mr.. Kaiser said, that
! the necessary engines and parts
could be provided by that industry.
Evening star., 1942-07-24
WPB Considers Plans for Huge Transport Planes
To Garry Soldiers, Material in Place of Ships

in a reasonable length of time, the
high official said.
Prior to the appointment of the
Air Cargo Committee a preliminary
study was made in the WPB which
shows giant planes can be made with
use of only per cent of critical ma
terials contained in vessels. Future
possibilities of air transport were
explored.
The study envisions construction
of 200-ton flying boats within two
years time, and of 600-ton planes in
five years. The Mars, built expert
mentally by the Martin plant, is the
largest flying boat so far constructed.
The giant Douglas Bio, which took
five years to build, now is considered
obsolete, it was said.
Htghlights of the study follow.
l. Cargo planes are many times
as efficient as ships, provided they
are both big and fast.
Gliders Also Studied.
2. Construction OF the planes using
low-carbon or low-alloy steel and
plywood would require only per
cent of the critical materials of
ships. Planes using stainless steel
are now being built.
3. A total of 18O 200-ton planes
could accomplish the work of 80
cargo ships and delivery would be
16 times faster. If the planes were
overloaded and assisted on takeoff,
the work could be done by 80 planes.
4. Forty-flve thousand planes of
the size of the Bio could handle
cargo equivalent to that handled by
all shipping available to the United
Nations.
5. Less than 10000 two-hundred-
ton planes could carry all shipping
handled by the United States and
allies.
Interesting data on the use of
gliders in cargo transport also is
contained In the study. For ex-
ample, 1900 gliders could replace
the 1900 railroad tank cars now
used in transporting petroleum to
the East Gliders would be used to
increase the load-carrying ability Of
the planes. Towed by planes, gliders
would generally be used for short
hauls.
The study pointed out that prob
lens involved in development and
manufacture Of such huge cargo
carrying planes are many, but we
are confronted with choosing be-
tween a method of transportation
which has many shortcomings IVA
teri and one that is only partly
proved, but one which will save our
war effort"
Fewer Lives at Stake.
Interest in development of trans
port planes was heightened this
week by the cancellation of the con-
tract Of the Higgins Shipbuilding
Co. of New Orleans for construction
OF 200 Liberty ships and the sugges-
Evening star., 1942-07-24
Heavy Casualties Inflicted
On Japs, Chinese Report
b, the Associated Press.

B3 the Associated Press.
CHUNGKING, July 24-Heavy
casualties have been inflicted on the
Japanese in fighting spread over
three provinces, and two points near
Lishui, Japanese-held air base in
southeastern Chekiang, have been
recaptured, the Chinese high COM
mand announced today.
Some of the heaviest losses were
said to have been suffered by the
Japanese In Chinese attempts to
retake Kweiki, a point on the
Chekiang-Kiangsi railway, short
stretch Of which the Chinese have
recaptured.
To the north, in Southeastern
Shansi Province, the communiQue
said, half of Japanese column was
wiped out after being cut of west
Of Lingchwan. The, other half
broke through the Chinese Gordon
and retreated with the Chinese in
pursuit.
Evening star., 1942-07-24

ton of Henry J. Kaiser, West Coast
shipbuilder. that number of ship
yards be converted to production
OF huge planes.
Other points stressing the advan-
tage Of planes over ships include the
loss OF cargo as we'll as the ship from
submarine sinkings and the ineffi-
cheney of war shipping since most
ships return to this country virtually
empty. When tanker is sunk, it
was pointed out, it might result in
the loss of two-score lives. while
the loss of life from a plane crash
would only be three, four or five.
The 200-ton planes would be DOW
cred by eight 00-horsepower en-
gines and would have a cruising
speed of 200 miles an hour and a
range OF $500 miles. The produc-
ton OF engines, now a problem, will
be much greater next year when
production of the boats would be
getting underway.
The study definitely recommended
construction OF large planes for
transport, and stated that aircraft
built OF non-critical materials from
existing ig-plane designs could be
in production in nine or ten months.
Twenty-three planes of the Mars
size could carry 10000 tons from San
Francisco to Honolulu in go days. it
was stated. Total weight of these
planes would be 800 tons. This lob
would take SO planes of the type now
used in transport, and the craft
would weigh a total of 1880 tons.
In addition, the smaller planes would
use twice as much gasoline to do
the job.
Little Alloy Steel Needed.
The country must wait an esti-
mated five years for 600-ton ships, it
was estimated, because of engine
and propeller problems. Existing
engines and propellers can handle a
zoO-ton plane. The study recon-
mended construction of flying boats
Tor the expressed reason that land
ing gear of land plane comprises
Is per cent of its total weight.
It was stated that some designers
feel that only from 8 to 10 per cent
OF planes airframe need be of ALLOW
STEEL . critical material. The rest
could be made Of low carbon steel
and plywood.
Commenting further on possibil-
tiles OF air transport, 1t was stated
that 100 current commercial planes
could replace the Burma Road as a
cargo carrier. On the return trip
planes could bring back valuable
tung oil, tungsten and other prod
ucts. 1t would be possible under best
conditions for the 20O-to plane to
carry 20 Grated fighter planes on one
trip. A total of three hundred
75-ton planes. little larger than the
Mars, could transport so 1000 soldiers
IN the same time required by a con-
voy Of 80 water transports.
Evening star., 1942-07-24
Australia
Continued From First Page.

American and Australian troops, is
ITO miles across the mountainous,
jungle ridden peninsula. Thus with
the Coma Mission -Buna area within
closer proximity than Salamau and
Lac. Allied fighters and dive-bomb-
ers will be able to augment the work
of long range bombers, which have
borne the brunt of the attacks on
the more distant objectives.
Seven American and Australian
crewmen of an Allied bomber which
sank one l0,000-ton japanese trans
port a quarter of mile off the
beach at Buna said they first sighted
two l0.000-ton transports escorted
by destroyers headed for the Buna
area Tuesday.
They were forced to return to their
base, but went back Wednesday
morning and found the japanese
already landing troops and equip
ment III barges.
Japs Dived Into Sea.
The first stick of bombs scored
near misses around the destroyers.
I'll SliC SCSoilu 1 ull, a StlCh Ol pOlIlUS
was placed across the transport.
Barges alongside the ship seemed to
erupt and disappear Others blazed
fiercely. The transport sank by the
stern.
Other barges headed for shore
were bombed and tiny figures OF
japanese could be seen flying into
the Ar. Others dived into the sea
on all sides.
Anti aircraft fire was intense
both from the japanese ships and
the shore, but the Allied airmen
said they were not hit
Apparently the enemy had land
ed anu-aircraft guns overnight,
they said. There was no sign OF
fires ashore although the japanese
had heavily bombarded the mission
station and other buildings around
Buna. We could see japanese ano
equipment on the beach and others
constantly going ashore in barges
from the ships which crept within a
few hundred yards OF the beach. A
dead calm sea favored the landing.
Evening star., 1942-07-24
5timson Reorganizes
Army Corps Areas
To Save Manpower
Medical Units Also Put
On More Complete
Wartime Operation
BY NELSON M. SHEPARD.


Secretary of War Stimson today
announced several administrative
changes in Army reorganization, de-
signed primarily to gear services of
supply and the medical corps to
more complete wartime operation
and release additional men for COM
bat duty.
Under an order issued by 1t. Gen.
Brehon B. Somervell, commanding
the services of supply. he said the
Army's nine corps areas have been
reorganized ard now are designated
as service commands
In another move. Maj. Gen. Ed
mund B. Gregory. the quartermaster
general. has taken over operation of
the Army's general depot service,
established March 9, to store ma
terrell required by our troops and
those of our allies.
Medical Corps Shifts.
Mr. Stimson also said several hun
dred Medical Corps ofYicers now en-
gagged in administrative duties as
adjutants, inspectors and mess Of
f1cers are being reassigned to posts
IN which their professional train
ing can be utilized. This is a part
OF a comprehensive plan supple
menting the recruiting OF 10000
more doctors before the end Of the
year.
The reorganization of the nine
corps areas. which are not changed
numerically or geographically, Mr.
Stimson pointed out, are for the
purpose of making each an auton-
omous unit. freed from petty con-
troll from Washington.
In the order of reorganization
Gen. Somervell pointed out the
change has q two-fold purpose:
To decentralize further operation
OF activities of the services of SUD-
ply by increasing the authority of
commanding generals in the field
and by giving. them proportionately
increased responsibilities.
To improve and streamline the
fleld organizations by eliminating
duplicating facilities.
Begun Last March.
The reorganization had been un.
der way since March 9 when the
Army created its services Of supply
ground forces and air forces.
In the case Of the Sd Corps Area
with headquarters in Baltimore. tn.
designation is now simply the 3t
Service Command.
The Secretary said the outbreal
OF yellow jaundice in the Arm,
seems to be getting under contro
and announced that since Januar,
last the surgeon general has re.
ported total of 28,585 hospital ad.
mission cases with only 62 deaths.
The jaundice record of the Arm,
within the continental Unitee
states was A,057 cases, the remain.
ing 1923 being among the oversee!
garrisons.
Deaths Total 81.
The 50 deaths, Mr.. Stimson said
involved the total number in AMI
outside the United States: the rati,
being l tn 461 cases.
Charges made in radio broad
cast that profits Of Army post ex
changes are being spent for ofricers
Deer parties and other mis,ses ver1
characterized by the Secretary toda,
Is untrue.
MAJ. Gen. Alexander D. Surles
director OF public relations, Informed
the Secretary that an investieatior
mas oeen made. He said that the
oroadcaster. Cal Tinney, and the
radio advertisers had admitted thai
grave error" had been made and
tnat the charges were not correct
Inc broadcast had been made over
the Mutual system.
Evening star., 1942-07-24
BY JAMES Y. NEWTON.

America Is now undergoing the
most sweeping change in arma-
ment policy since institution of the
defense program-one involving
effective use of the airplane in
transportation, which transcends in
Importance the realization that the
airplane is the most destructive
weapon of war.
Flights of large numbers of trans
port planes capable of carrying a
sizable portion of our war cargoes
to far flung battle fronts are a def
mite probability within two years, a
high War Production Board Official
told The Star today. Cargoes going
by air, increasing all the time. should
reach sizable proportions by the
end of 1943.
Eventually is is hoped to produce
giant planes in sufficient numbers
to transport cargoes of war material,
troop and freight in equal quantity
to that now carried by water.
Problems to Be Worked Out.
Accelerating sinking of cargo YES
sells, the loss of valuable materials
they carry and the need for getting
material and men swiftly to strategic
points are impelling factors behind
the drive for transport planes.
The official warned against over
optimism in expecting the new giant
type OF transport plan to develop
quickly. He said many problems
yet to be worked out involving tech
nical development and supply of
construction material and compo-
nents. Answers to the problems,
however, are being actively worked
out. Immediate increase in produc-
ton OF cargo planes, he said, in
wolves three points:
l, Manufacture of a larger num-
Der OF cargo planes of types now
IN production which may be
squeezed from supplies OF critical
materials such as aluminium, steel
and aircraft wood without disturb
ing the current program for pro-
ducing military planes, or If de-
sirable at the expense of portions
OF that program.
2. Conversion of bombers to trans
port duty.
Recommendation Made.
3. Further development of sub
stitute materials. facilities and
methods which may be used to make
planes Of the type Of the Glenn
Martin Mars.
WPB's Air Cargo Committee last
week made recommendations to
Production Chief Nelson regarding
the various phases Of the transport
plane problem to supplement water
carriers. The recommendations
must remain secret since matters of
high strategy are involved.
Air carriers in sizes considerably
larger than the lotion Mars may be
produced on an experimental basis
Evening star., 1942-07-24
Sun Queen Train
Wreck al Accotink
Caused by Sun Kink'
Is Token to Hospital
After DeroiIment on
r., F. & P. Line

A passenger train derailment al
Accotlnk, Va, which sent about Is
persons to hospitals with minor in
Juries, was caused by sun kink, ,
the Richmond, Fredericksburg &
Potomac Railroad announced TODAY
-Four persons injured when three
cars were derailed were admitted to
Alexandria Hospital. Eight more
were treated there and released
shortly after the accident yesterday
afternoon. Others were given first
ala treatment for minor cuts and
bruises at the Fort Belvoir reserya-
ton hospital.
FBI to Drop Probe.
w. A. Aiken, general superintend
ent OF the r. F. e. p, said track
crews were on the scene at the time,
and that the Federal Bureau of In
vestigation, which looked into the
accident, probably would suspend
any further inquiry.
Mr.. Aiken explained that severe
heat sometimes caused unusual rail
expansion with resulting kinks.
The train, The Sun Queen" left
Washington a few minutes after its
scheduled departure at 3 pm. and
was due to arrive at Richmond at
$50 pm. The derailment occurred
about Is miles south of Washington
and about miles from Fort Belvoir.
One Coach Turns Over.
Mr.. Aiken said at Richmond about
one-half mile of track was torn up.
the Associated Press reported. He
said the cars ran of the track at a
switch.
The last car of the 1l-car train
turned over while the two cars
Immediately in front of it ran off
the tracks but remained upright.
A guard from Fort Belvoir was sta
TONED around the wreck.
Occupants of the rear car said
that when the car turned over, a
water tank burst which led some to
believe they had been pitched into
q river.
Four Remain in Hospital.
Hospital attendants said the four
persons who remained in the hos
pltal were Miss Grace Wright of
Elmira. N. Y; Sergt. Aubrey Can't
ley OF Pleasantville, N. Y; Miss Vir-
ginia Wright of Elmira, N. Y. and
G. Wynn Evans of Bel Air, Md.
Other passengers who were ad-
ministered treatment included Mrs.
Thomas Williams of Miami, Fla;
Steven Perry of Churchville, Md;
Miss Anna Campbell of Elmira, N.
Y; John Rank, jr., of Bel Air, Md;
Pvt. Leis Hausen of Fort Jackson,
Fla; Rhoda Jane Williams of Miami,
Fla; Mrs. T. r. Williams of Miami,
Fla: John Dale of Cardiff, Md.
Evening star., 1942-07-24
Higgins
Continued From First Page J

cent Of graft with no gravy
train in it."
Mr.. Higgins announced yesterday
that % AFL labor crafts had
voluntarily offered to back ito the
full extent of their financial ability"
a move to raise the difference be-
tween what the Maritime Commits
sion stood to lose in abandoning the
project and the cost of completing it.
He said the offer came to him
through J, B. Mccullough OF the
International Boilermakers' Union,
who said he spoke for all 20 AFL
crafts.
william Green, president of the
AFL, announced yesterday he had
asked President Roosevelt to investi-
gate the plant closing, stating that
he had received protests from New
Orleans labor leaders that 10000
men had been thrown out OF Jobs.
Mr.. Roosevelt told his press con-
Evening star., 1942-07-24
Louis H. WindhoIz Dies
Norfolk Southern Head
By tn. Associated Press

By the Associated Press.
VIRGINIA BEACH, Va, July "a
Louis H. Windholz, 63, chairman
OF the Norfolk Southern Railway
died early today at his home here
following a heart attack.
Mr.. Windholz was identified with
many business interests. He was
president of the Cavalier Hotel
Corp. and prior to the merger OF
the Chesapeake Line and the Bal
timore Steam Packet Co. was chair
man OF the board Of the latter COM
pany.
Evening star., 1942-07-24
Jops Claim 434 Planes
In 5H Months OF Action

TOXIC (From Japanese Broad
casts. July "a tP.-Imperial head
quarters said today that Japanese
naval airmen had shot down 325
enemy planes and destroyed 100
more on the ground in operations
over New Guinea, the Solomon
Islands and adjacent areas north Of
Australia between February 2 and
July 10.
Evening star., 1942-07-24
Morgenthau Foresee!
Eventual Taxes Of
40 Billion a Year
Urges 800, 900, 900
Increase in Bill
Approved by House
"A. p. Photo.
By the Associated Press.

bS the Associated PreSB.
Federal taxes approaching s4O,-
600, 100000 yearly were foreseen
today by Senate Finance Com =
mittee members should Congress
adopt a recommendation of Sec
retary of the Treasury Morgen-
thau to lift levies eventually to
the British level.
Secretary Morgenthau told the
committee, in urging a $4,000, 900 .0O0
boost in the new $6,271 900 900 rev.
enue bill approved by the House
that he saw no reason why the
United States ultimately should not
do as well as Great Britain and
Canada in financing an enlarged
portion OF war costs, out of tax
alton.
Britain, he said, expected to pay
So per cent of its war expenditures
by taxation in this fiscal year and
committee members said that If the
United States reached a similar per-
centage, its tax bill would approach
SAC, 900 900 900 for the expected ST.
000, 900 900 outlay in the year be-
ginning last July /.
Treasury experts said the House.
approved bill would boost total Fed
eral tax revenues flor the current
fiscal year to $23. .271 900 900.
Senator Taft, Republican, OF Ohio
told reporters he believed $40,OOO,-
100000 was such a stupendous
amount 1t 1t could only be reached
gradually, If ever. It certainly
would require, he said, the imposi-
ton of general sales tax, which
Secretary Morgenthau again op-
posed in his appearance before the
committee yesterday, or some other
such levy.
Senator Byrd, Democrat, of Vir-
ginia also predicted that If any
stable additions were made to the
pending revenue bill, the commit
tee would have to consider the sales
tax.
But Senator Vandenberg, Republi-
can. Of Michigan said he thought the
main task fof Congress now was to
make certain that a healthy war
time economy was preserved. rather
than to attempt to obtain tre-
mendous increases in revenue.
Evening star., 1942-07-24
Beoverbrook's S Son
Leads Squadron in
Telling 5 Planes
ax thu Axsoeiatad praxs

BY the Associated Press.
LONDON, July 24.-Seven
German bombers were destroyed
during the highland five of
them fell to the Beauf1ghter
squadron led by Wing Comdr.
Max Aitken, son Of Lord Beaver
brook, former cabinet minister,
the Air Ministry announced to-
day.
Aitken himself was credited
with destroying two of the air
craft-a JU-88 and a Dornier
217-giving him a total thus
far OF IL night raiders.
Evening star., 1942-07-24

II you can't sleep at night-eo
out and buy Q bond.
Evening star., 1942-07-24
lf'You Suffer With
Kidney Trouble

Headaches, backache. unusual thirst are
synptems that point to kidney trouble.
For ever 30 year; physietsns have en-
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4 natural treatment. Phone ME. 1862
for free booklet today.
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ME. 1852 80 18th Street NV.
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1942-04-04
GOSPEL TABERNACLE
334 Clair Ave.
Larry DeShayes, Pastor
CHRISTIAN AND
MISSIONARY ALLIANCE

$50 a. m. Sunrise Service
Program conducted by the Young
Peoples group - Sidney Leach,
speaker.
GAS a. m. Sunday School
Easter program by the children.
HOO a. m. Morning Worship
Sermon by the pastor-"Re-
surrection".
$50 p. m. Young Peoples
Meeting.
1880 p. m. Evangelistic Ser
vice-The pastor will be speak
ing on the subject of Baptism. :"
Tuesday 1880 p. m. Prayer and
Praise Meeting.
There will be dedication of
babies and reception of new
members at the Easter morning
service. Beginning Thursday,
April 9th, the annual missionary
convention will be held at the
Tabernacle. There will be repre-
sentativeS from the Central
China and French-Indo-C China
fields. Mrs. G.. A. Jacobson
comes from China, while Mrs. j.
j. VanHine will speak for French
Indo-China. Rev. Z. S. Brink
man, assistant superintendent of
the central district will also
speak at all services. Pictures of
the work in the foreign lands
will be shown at the Saturday
night service. The missionaries
will be speaking at both SER
vices on Sunday, the closing day
of the convention. A cordial in
vitation is extended to all, by the
pastor and congregation.
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1942-04-04
GRACE EPISCOPAL CHURCH
Cor. South GratiOt at Church
Rev. George Il. Merifield,
Rector

Easter Sunday, April
Gas am. Choral Easter Holy
Communion.
$50 am. Children's Easter
Communion. Easter egg hunt af-
ter service.
HOO am. Choral Easter Holy
Communion and sermon. Special
music.
100 pm. Holy Baptism.
Everyone is Welcome.
Meetings of the Week
Monday, April
10 am. Sewing for War Re-
lief all day.
7p.m. Boy Scouts.
Tuesday, April 7
2 pm. Grace Church Guild.
$40 pm. Dance School
SPIN. Business Girls Friendly
8 pm. Young Women's League
7 pm. Knights of Sir Galahad
Wednesday, April
10 am. Sewing for War Relief
4 pm. Dance School
4 pm. Junior Choir Practice
7:45 pm. Study group of the
Guild at the church.
Friday, April 10
1870 pm. Senior Choir Practice