davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-08-05
Thunderbot, New H. S. PIone Exces FockeWuf and Zero
BY THOMAS r. HENRY.

American Warplanes are as good
as any produced by either Ger
many or Japan-and in most re-
Spects, appreciably better.
But when 1888 American models
are compared with 1912 German
models, such a fighting craft as
the old P-40 by no means equRls
the new Focke- Wulf.
This is the answer to vague but
persistent rumors, apparently
arising both from England and
the Far East, that something is
the matter with planes now coming
from ever-growing production lines
in the United States.
Officers of the Air Forces have
been looking for specific charges.
Are United States planes of any de-
sign slower, clumSier, more vulner-
able. less easily maneuvered than
corresponding design manufactured
by the enemy. If this is true, the
men who must fly and fight with
THESE planes want to know about it.
Certainly 1t is not inherently i'm
possible that Japanese or German
inventors might steal a march or
Americans in this war of brains and
produce craft which for any pur-
pose would be far better than any,
thing this country can offer to it's
own fighting flyers or our allies.
America has no mortgage on in
ventive genius and plane designs
everywhere are undergoing a rapid
evolution from the lessons of COM
bat. Nowhere are designers burying
their heads in the sand.
Some Complaints Obvious.
Some complaints are rather obvi-
Gus. British flyers given an un-
familiar model do not find it very
satisfactory until they get used to it.
When the same plane is serviced by
a ground crew unfamiliar with its
mechanisms, bugs" are certain to
develop at first. Such complaints
are to be expected. There is ac-
cumulating evidence that they have
been seized upon and exaggerated
by German propagandists.
Specifically, the complaints which
have any validity seem to resolve
themselves into uncomplimentary
comparisons between the newest
German fighter, the Focke-W Wulf 100
and the japanese Zero on the one
hand and the types of American
fighters sent abroad up to the
present
There has been little valid critic
ism of American bombers.
The Focke-Wu 100 represents
the most perfect fighting mechan-
Evening star., 1942-08-05
Hard-HiHing Barrage
Protects Alexandra
From Nazi bombers
Anti-Aircroft Gunners
Make Shells Count;
Night Fighters Active
By LARRY ALLEN,
War COrrespon6e

ALEXANDRIA, Egypt, Aug. S.
One of the hardest hitting and most
effective anti-aircraft barrages in
the world is making Nazi bombers
keep their distance over this key
city to the valley of the Nile.
The concentrated wall OF fierce
flame that spurts from strategically- .
placed guns guarantees a hot re-
ception for the enemy raiders who
lately have been over Alexandria
almost every night.
Alexandria's defenses generally
were regarded as comparable to
those of Malta and Moscow.
While the gunners have not yet
had chance to knock down
raiders in large numbers, they
nevertheless make their shells
count.
Night Fighters Busy.
All shore batteries, going into ac-
ton simultaneously, split the dark
ness like series OF giant Fourth
Of July sparklers, their light spread
ing fanwise into the sky and merg-
ing into huge blob OF white as
projectiles explode in the area OF
the planes.
British night fighters also have
been busy, and in the last few nights
it has not been uncommon to see
Italian or German bombers burst
into flame and plunge into the Med
iterranean.
The enemy thus far has failed to
create widespread damage in thi.
principal base Of the British East
Mediterranean fleet There has been
no indiscriminate bombing Of the
city itself.
Alexandrians. aware that the Ce-
cisive battle between the British
and Axis armies facing each ether
near Ell Alamein. IS miles westward
remains to be fought. are taking
every precaution to meet my big
scale air raids which might be the
prelude or follow-up uf any new
Nazi push.
Hundreds Of Shelters Built.
The city's f1rst-aid and rescue
squads are fully equipped and or
ganized. Hundreds of private and
public shelters have been built in
recent weeks.
Although the war is at the city
doorstep. and the rumble of artillery
fire is audible, life goes on normally
Night clubs, bars, restaurants,
theaters and hotels are doing a
rushing business despite the risidly
enforced blackout.
Evening star., 1942-08-05
Eisenhower, Nimitz
Will Participate in
Broadcast Sunday
Leohy and Davis Also
Will Speak in Proerom
Arranged by owl

1t. Gen Dwight Eisenhower, COM
mander of United States forces IN
the European theater and Admiral
Chester w. NimitZ, commander of
naval operations in the Pacific area,
will be heard from farf1ung battle
fronts during a half hour broadcast
on The Production Crisis" over the
Columbia network at pm. Sum-
day. Admiral William D. Leahy
also will speak for the first time
since he became chief of staff to
President Roosevelt.
The broadcast. arranged by the
Office of War Information, will
launch the Army Navy production
award program.
Elmer Davis, director of owl, will
bring to the public facts about the
critical situation in war materials.
one of the toughest problems In the
production program. 1t will mark
Mr.. Davis first radio appearance
since he left his job as radio COM
mentator to come to Washington.
Others who will speak during the
broadcast are Donald M. Nelson,
production chief; UndersecreGary of
War Robert P. Patterson, Undersec-
retary of Navy James w. Forrestal.
CIO President Philip Murray and
AFL President william Green
Gen. Eisenhower will speak from
London and Admiral Nimitz from
somewhere in the Pacific" Mr..
Green will broadcast from Chicago
and Mr.. Murray from Chicago or
Pittsburgh The others will speak
from Washington.
The Army Navy production award
plan will be described BY Mr.. For
restal and Mr.. Patterson.
Evening star., 1942-08-05
Capt. Nash TO Become
Fire Battalion Chief

Promotion Of Capt. william Nash
of Engine Company %, Connecti-
cut avenue and Porter street NV,
to battalion chief, effective Septem-
ber /, was ordered today by the
Commissioners on recommendation
by Fire Chief Stephen T. Porter.
Capt. Nash will take the place to
be vacated on that date by Battalion
Chief Frederick M. Edwards, who is
to be retired after 38 years service.
Capt. Nash will be placed in COM
mand of the 5th Battalion, which
has been under the direction OF
Chief Edwards.
Capt. Nash, 81, has record of IS
years service and was awarded q
ribbon decoration after the Knicker-
booker Theater collapse. He was
promoted to sergeant in 1917, to
lieutenant in 1925 and to captain In
1880. and has been an acting bat
talon chief for three and halt
years.
Evening star., 1942-08-05
Roosevelt Expected
To Reveal Saboteur
Verdict by Friday
Other Authorities TO Be
Consulted on Some
Phoses of Cose

President Roosevelt expects to
complete by tomorrow or Friday
his review of the findings of the
military commission which tried
the eight German agents who
admitted coming to this country
in submarines with instructions
to commit extensive sabotage.
Il am now in the process OF re-
viewing the evidence. which is
voluminous, the President told a
press conference late yesterday. Il
will have finished within two Or
three days"
AS the sole reviewing authority,
Mr.. Roosevelt may affirm or revise
the verdict and sentence recon-
mendcd by the commission. While
he refused to discuss any details OF
the trial, it was learned that he in
tends TO consult with other authori-
ties on some portions of the case.
Announcement of the Saboteurs
fate probably will be made from the
White House after he has passed on
VIC COllIillSSiOIl NCI uiCJ, llIC iCSl>
dent said.
1t naturally takes time for Ameri-
can processes of justice to operate,
the President said when asked for
comment on the length of time it
has taken to dispose OF the case
againsS the Nazi agents. Americans
In similar position in Germany un-
doubtadly would have been sum-
marily shot.
Most of the press comment on the
trial Las been good, Mr.. Roosevelt
remarked, because 1t has pointed out
that In this Nation the people carry
out the preservation Of society
through legal means. So far, he
added, this very serious case has fol-
lowed American processes of justice
After a trial OF nearly 4 month
the military commission appointed
by the President delivered its find
ings 10 him Monday afternoon. He
spent most OF his time yesterday
going over the lengthy records, but
pointed out that it was impossible
for him to put everything else aside
Evening star., 1942-08-05
Chinese 5eamen Given Firsl
Unouarded Shore Leave
q, the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, Aug. Sixty
Chinese seamen, clad in an odd as
sortment of Oriental and western
clothes. shufied of British
freighter yesterday for shore leave
first Chinese seaman given that
privilege without guard in many
years.
Greeted by DR.. Tsune-Chi Yu,
Chinese consul general. they smiled
constantly AS. he reminded them
that previously Chinese seamen
have been denied shore leave with
out guards because so many deserted
ship.
He warned them not to abuse the
new privilege, adding that deser-
tions would hurt the war effort in
which the United States is joined
with China.
The advice was accepted with
many mods and then the men sailed
forth In search of Chinatown.
Evening star., 1942-08-05

of a type similar to that designed
by American scientists two years
ago. which presumably cuts down air
resistance in front of the plane.
Its greatest advantage, according
to British accounts, is its ability to
climb rapidly and to maintain its
efficiency at attitudes up to 10000
feet. Here is new battlefield of the
skies which the Germans have set
out to conquer.
The Focke- Wulf 1870, officers of
the American Air Force here say, is
superior both to the 1912 model
Messerschmitt, the 1907, which it
apparently is intended to surplant,
and to the British Spitfire 5. also to
the newest model. These latter ships
are about equal, everything consid-
Evening star., 1942-08-05
Supplemental Gasoline
Ration Books Ready

Jack s. Eaton, rationing board
chairman. today asked Bethesda
Chevy Chase applicants for supple
mental gasoline who have not re-
ceived notice that their new books
are ready to report to the new ra-
tioning office at the corner of Wis
consin avenue and Leland street
Bethesda. Friday or SATURDAY..
The office will be open from am
to 4:30 pm. Friday. The hours on
Saturday will be from 9 am. tc
noon.
Should applicants not be able to
90 to the office In person they may
send their registration cards by a
representative, Mr.. Eaton ex-
planned
Evening star., 1942-08-05
Two Boys Come Here
To Do q Mans Job;
Parents Summoned

A couple Of Pennsylvania
Youngsters who figured that
two boys are equal to one man
In this war were waiting here
today for their parents to come
and get them, ending a we'll
meaning but fruitless journey
In the interest of Uncle Sam.
Police said 1t was rumors OF
. manpower shortage that led
Robert K. Sutton, Is, and
Robert Bryce, l3, OF Munhall,
Pa, to pack their bags and hop
a bus for Washington. They
said they weren't old enough to
handle a job in the steel mills
of Western Pennsylvania.
Arriving at the Greyhound
bus terminal early yesterday,
the boys were questioned by
police. They said they believed
they could do the work OF one
man and live on their joint
earnings.
Evening star., 1942-08-05
Official Phone 5etup
For Raid WARNINGS
Ordered by MiIeham
Eoch Four-BIock Area
To Have One Instrument
For Sector Warden Use

Each air raid sector warden of
the District was directed today by
Chief Warden William J. Mileham
to select Immediately an "oficial'
telephone for use in reporting in
cidents during any real or simu-
lated enemy bombing, as a means
Of completing the Districts new
decentralized air raid communica-
tions control system.
Such a telephone is to be desig-
mated in each four block area and
only these phones are to be used
in reporting incidents. Arrange
ments are being made with tele-
phone company ofIicials to give
priority in service to these phone,
in times Of practices or enemy at
tack. Mr.. Mileham said.
Development of such a system was
planned along with the decen.
!. tralized control center system, with
the object OF preventing a jammine
OF telephone circuits in time OF
emergency such as occurred during
some of the air raid drills.
Seven OF Washington police sta
tions now have been equipped phys
ically to serve as sub-control centers.
In addition to the air-raid alarm
headquarters in the Municipal Cen
ter Building and the continued op-
Grafton of f1re control center at Nc
MILAN Park. Herbert A. Friede,
communications controller, said I'VE
will be set to go' with the revamped
system as soon as the official phones
selected by the wardens have been
registered.
Mr.. Mileham said:
I'm reporting incidents to control
center certain oflcial telephones
are to be used. 1t is up to the air.
raid warden service to select these
telephones. One telephone will be
designated as 'ofiiciar for each four
square blocks OF the city. Prefer
ably these telephones should be in a
sector post, and should be near the
central street intersection OF the
: four square blocks in question.
These phones are the incident
phones for these four blocks and
no report is to be given to control
center on any other phone. This
will eliminate duplication of reports,
which would have the possibility of
weakening our protective services
by sending too much equipment to
Evening star., 1942-08-05

ism German genius has been able
to produce-or put into anything
like mass production up to the
present. 1t ebodies several revolu-
tionary principles-among them a
method Of fuel injection by which a
carburetor is dispensed with and
gasoline is shot directly into the
cylinders. The system operates at
all attitudes and apparently makes
as effective use OF some of the lower
grade German fuels as can be made
with American l00-octsne gasoline.
New COwling Used.
1t has radial engine of approx
mately 1850 horsepower. Such an
engine long has been urged by
American aviation engineers. 1t also
makes use of new type of cowling,
Evening star., 1942-08-05

cred. in fight at middle latitudes.
The Spittire is faster and has more
fire power. The Messerschmitt can
climb faster and has higher CELL
ing. The Focke-Wulf excels In all
these respects.
Up to attitudes of about IS 900 feet,
this fighter Is probably inferior to
the new American P-5l-or Mus
tang-which has created much en-
thusiasm among British pilots who
have fought with it. They claim,
however, that 1t Is not very effective
at higher attitudes.
Inferior to ThunderboIt.
But on the other hand, the Focke-
Wulf Is considerably inferior to the
new American PAT, or Thunderbolt,
with its 2,00O-horsepower radial en-
gine. Equipped with turbo-super-
charger, it can operate effectively
at attitudes OF 10000 feet or higher.
This plane now is in production.
British pilots who have flown it are
enthusiastic. The design of the
Focke-Wulf, 1t is suspected, was
stolen from the Thunderbolt design,
parts OF which apparently got into
the hands of the enemy.
The claims for the Japanese Zero
are easier to settle. There is no
disposition here to deny that the
craft has its merits. It also has
considerable drawbacks which the
Japanese themselves have been
quick to recognize after battle tests.
1t seems to have acquired a fabu-
lous reputation which is largely un-
deserved.
The Zero is a fairly good fighting
or pursuit plane 1t is 4 single
scatter with an air-cooled, 14-cylin-
der engine, fairly close to the Pratt
Whitney design and probably copied
from 1t. The plane weighs about
$40 pounds loaded, has from $50
to 1900 horsepower, and is capable
of a speed of about 3l5 miles an
hour at 10000 feet. 1t carries two
20-millimeter quick firing cannon in
addition to two 77-millimeter wing
guns.
Carries No Armor.
The Zero can turn quicker and
climb faster than any American
plane now In service. It has no
armor--no protection whatsoever for
pilot or fuel tanks. It's great ad-
vantage is its greater ability to
maneuver. 1t has been described
as a flying eggshell.
All this was recognized by Ameri-
can aviation engineers years ago.
Advantages have been weighed
against disadvantages. In a fair
fight at the same altitude, 4 Zero has
no chance against some OF the newer
America fighters The latter are
sturdier and better armed. They
are faster-at least at medium alti-
tudes, where speed of well over
$50 miles an hour Is easily achieved.
Admittedly the Zero is a better
dodger. Also admittedly, both plane
and pilot have less chance in 4
fight. A Zero against the latest
model P-40 is like A lightweight in
the ring with a welterweight who
is almost as fast on his feet and has
far heavier punch. Already the
Japs are turning out new Zero
with some armor.
Give the Focke-Wulf and the Zero
their dues. say Air Force officers. In
high altitude fighting, they are good
but not good enough. The new
PAT Is the answer to both of them
Evening star., 1942-08-05
5000 California Jops
To Go to Wyoming
By the Associated Press

By the Associated Press.
POMONA, Calf, Aug. 5.-Fve
thousand japanese at the Pomons
Assembly Center will be transferred
beginning August 8 to the Heart
Mountain Relocation Center neal
Cody, Wyo.
This announcement was made to-
day by Col. Karl r. Bendetsen. as.
sistant chief of staff, Civil Affairs
Division. Western Defense Command
The Heart Mountain center is or
the Shoshone River 13 miles north
east of Cody. 1t includes 27,8OO acres
OF irrigable lands suitable for grow
ing sugar beets, grain, beans, pota
toes and seed peas.
Evening star., 1942-08-05
Jersey COP Selects
FouIois for House Ruce

p TIE Associated Press.
ATLANTIC CITY, N. j.. Aug. S.
Maj. Gen. Benjamin D. Foulois OF
Ventnor, chief of the United States
Army Air Force in the World War,
was put forth last night by Re-
publican leaders rs candidate for
Congress from the I'd Congressional
District of New Jersey.
Representative Elmer H. Wene,
Democrat, of New Jersey is expected
to be his opponent in November as
Republican conferees predicted the
63-year-old retired general would
not face any opposition In the
primaries.
Evening star., 1942-08-05
one particular place, thus leaving
other areas lInnrntecfed

one particular place. thus leaving
other areas unprotected
These telephones during the
course Of an air raid or air raid
warning test should not be used for
any purpose except to contact the
control center. Particular wardens
must be selected for service at these
telephones and 1t is suggested that
three be selected for each phone
with the idea of having 24-hour
availability. Once the warden re-
porting the incident makes his call
to control center he should not
leave the telephone, but should
transmit personally any additional
information that might be neces-
sary."
Evening star., 1942-08-05
Mrs. Roosevelt Hits
Published 'Untruths'
About Wi|he|mina
Dutch Sovereign Doesn't
Speed or Make Requests,
Press Women Are Told

Mrs. Roosevelt at her press con-
ference today criticised what she
characterized as published "un-
truths about the visit of Queen
Wilhelmina OF Holland to this
country.
Referring to reports that the
Queen had been dashing about New
England at high rates of speed with
motorcycle escort and was some
what fussy as to her diet, Mrs.
Roosevelt commented:
II do think that heads of states,
prime ministers and representatives
Of Importance visiting this country
are entitled to the truth"
Mrs. Roosevelt said the queen had
made no trips of purely social
nature during her stay at Lee, Mass,
though in the course of official jour-
neys she did 60 to Hyde Park to
visit the President and Mrs. Roose-
welt, and to Camp Devens, Mass, as
"a gesture Of friendliness to the
American Army" On these occa-
sions, Mrs. Roosevelt said, the queen
and her escort proceeded at very
moderate speed.
Escorts Guard Pace.
Escorts used to be given so you
could travel more rapidly" Mrs
Roosevelt said, but now they are
given so you will 60 more slowly"
Mrs. Roosevelt stressed that high
representatives OF other nations
visiting this country are assigned a
certain amount af gasoline and are
extended certain courtesies auto
matically by the American Govern
ment.
The Dutch Queen at no time has
made any request Mrs. Roosevelt
continued. "as to air conditioning
or non-air conditioning, what she
shall eat or what she shall not eat. !"
The only request Wilhelmina made
during the whole period of the visit
with her, Mrs. Roosevelt said, was
to ask that the ice be removed from
her water glass.
Mrs. Roosevelt also disclosed that
Wilhelmina will hold the first press
conference ever held by visiting
queen in Washington.
She will attend tomorrow Mrs
Roosevelt's press conference which
is limited to women reporters.
Turning to domestic matters in
the White House proper, Mrs. Roose-
his bride, the former Mrs. Louise
Gill Macy, are still on their honey
MOON
Kitchen Saving Fats.
The White House kitchen. Mrs
Roosevelt is sure, is cooperating
fully with the fats salvage program
Mrs. Roosevelt introduced at her
conference Mrs. Eliot Pratt, general
! secretary of the international Stu
! dent Service, which, with the CO.
operation Of the State Department
will hold an assembly OF ITS foreign
students and l25 Canadian ano
American students at American
University September as
Because of the difficulty of foreign
travel Mrs Pratt indicated. repre-
sentatives Of most foreign Studen
bodies will be their countymen al
ready studying in American univer
sites and colleges.
There will be Is students from al
the Latin American countries. in
cludine Mexico, Chile and Argen
tina, so from Europe and 50 from
Asia and Africa.
Evening star., 1942-08-05
Cloth Orders by Army
10 Take Remainder
OF Year S Wool Clip
Typewriter Manufacture
To Be Halted October !
Except for u. S. Use

The Army will place orders short
ly for large quantities of wool cloth
that will absorb virtually all of the
remaining portion of this years wool
clip, the War Production Board and
the War Department announced
jointly today
Nearly 20000O,O0O pounds of grease
wool will be required to fill the
orders, it was stated Wool futures
are selling well below OPA ceiling
prices on cloth. Placing the orders
now will force up the price of wool,
a break for growers which they can
use to increase production.
From July /. 1910. until January
of this year, the Army purchased
100000 yards of wool goods Since
then, however. Army purchases have
been stepped up sharply. totaling
more than 100000 yards in the
first six months of this year.
The new purchase orders will not
AFFECT the amount of wool for civil
ian use, now under ALLEGATION.
WPB announced that manufacture
Of typewriters will be stopped COM
pletely on october l., except for
small number to be purchased for
Government agencies by the Wood
stock Typewriter Co. This company
Will be allowed to make no more
than 22,70l portable machines,
at rate of not more than 1000
a MONTH in the two-year period
ending June 80, 1914.
Production of portable typewriters
was shut of July 81 A campaign
to purchase for war 600. 900 civilian
machines is now in progress.
The Office of Price Administra-
ton exempted specified Government
transactions from provisions of
price regulations to aid the war pro-
gram which calls for purchase OF
an estimated 100000 pounds of
Manila rope and cable. The rope
is held by about 5000 wholesalers
and $4,000 retailers.
WPB continued in effect to Sep
tember 30 existing limitations on
production of safety razors and
razor blades. Razors can be pro-
duced at 70 per cent Of each manu-
facturer's average during 1910, while
blades can be made at 100 per cent
the 1910 rate.
The War Shipping Administration
was added by WPB to the list of
Government agencies for which iron
and steel may be used to manufac-
ture articles prohibited for civilians.
WPB limited the amount of iron
and steel that may be fabricated or
assembled into metal parts or units
for blank books, loose-leaf books.
binders or covers to 80 per cent of
the 194l consumption.
At the same time, blank books and
loose-leaf metal parts and units
were removed from the terms OF the
general steel conservation order,
which would have prohibited fabri-
cation OF any parts except for the
Army and Navy.
OPA announced a price regulation
for the numerous wood products
made by turning or shaping lumber,
such a tool handles, wagon spokes
and tent pins.