davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-12-20

capacious cars to the late depot, miles
from the city, where at little after IL
o'clock they we're met by the several
trains from Baltimore bringing the di-
rectors of the railroad company, the
Governor of the State Of Maryland and
some hundreds Of ladies and gentlemen,
with a band of music. A great portion
of the company from both cities left
their respective cars and spent some
time in mutual welcome and congratu-
lations, under the inspiring music OF the
two fine bands, after which the Mayor
of Washington in the presence Of large
concourse addressed to the president OF
the railroad company $50.
THE company, having reascended the
cars, proceeded on to this city, as already
stated, and after spending few hours
in taking refreshments literally pro-
vided by the railroad company, visiting
the Capitol and other points of attrac-
ton about the city, our visitors took
their departure on their return to Balti-
more, in excellent humor and without
(as far as we know the slightest acci-
dent To doubt their admiration and
due appreciation of the great work over
which they traversed would be to betray
an ignorance of the public spirit which
has always distinguished the inhabitants
of the Monumental City"
Evening star., 1942-12-20

was frequently only 25 cents to Chesa-
peake Beach and twice that amount to
Bay Ridge. The bathing at the former
resort was particularly good and the at
fractions included dancing, horse racing
and all sorts of amusements, and the
crabs were always biting. But Bay
Ridge was in Anne Arundel County, and
this county finally went dry, and that
was the beginning of the end of Bay
Ridge.
During the Civil War this depot was
a very important point, center Of great
interest, where large crowds gathered
day and night to witness the arrival of
troops from the North. The 9Th United
States Infantry upon arriving there took
quarters in the old Crutchett Building
on the square and the Government soon
Evening star., 1942-12-20

erected large frame building nearby to
accommodate the troops and called it
Soldiers Rest"
The Baltimore g. Potomac Railroad
Co., which was located at Sixth and
Constitution avenue formerly B street,,
was chartered by Maryland in 1853 and
in 1867 Congress passed an act allowing
it to enter the District. At first it estab-
lshed its depot in South Washington at
Ninth and c streets S.W, by virtue of
an act of Congress.
In 1871 and 1872 the Common Council
first, and then Congress, authorized the
company to establish its depot at the
corner of Sixth and B streets NV, on
land which was marked on the maps as
great public park, but which had never
been improved and was partly covered
by unsightly shacks, crazy sheds and
miscellaneous debris, which had accumu-
lated through many years of neglect.
Evening star., 1942-12-20

The site of this depot is undoubtedly
the most historic spot in the Mall, Tor
here it was that President Garfield was
shot on July 2, 1881. This is an old story,
but the facts are about as follows: The
President had left the White House and
had arrived at the depot about 800 am.
He fingered there few minutes in his
carriage, talking to Secretary Blaine, be-
fore entering the depot by way OF the
ladies' entrance, which was on the
street side of the building, the two men
passing through the ladies waiting room
arm in arm. However, they had not pro-
ceeded far when two shots rang out in
quick succession, the shooting having
been done by Charles J. Guteau, who
had approached the President from the
rear
Evening star., 1942-12-20
BV Basil Gordon.

Some time in the not too far distant
future if plans now in contemplation ma
terialize Congress will assemble in joint
session, receive Admiral William F.. Hal
sey, jr., the terror of the Japs, and pre-
sent him with a special medal for meri-
torious service in the war.
AS old as war, and older than civili-
zation, is that token Of valor or skill in
combat, the medal In it's earlier forms,
it was intrinSically of no value. Laurel
wreaths sometimes served the purpose.
Among our own Indians it was often a
headdress of eagle feathers, with the
right to wear it. AS man began to use
metals it became possible to devise more
permanent tokens, at first from any
metal that could be cast or hammered.
and later from more precious ones, the
better to symbolic the meaning
1t is not surprising, then, that our first
body of lawmakers, the Continental Con-
gress, found the time and the desire to
honor our heroes with medals. 1t started
on March 25, l776, by awarding a gold
one to Gen. George Washington in
recognition of his brilliant services in the
siege and capture Of Boston from the
British.
Gen. Mad Anthony" Wayne, for the
storming of Crown Point, was granted a
silver one on July Is, 1779.
John Paul Jones
On October 16, 1887, Congress formally
gave its thanks and awarded q gold
medal to John Paul Jones for the coura-
geous part taken by him and his men
during the Revolution, September %,
1779, when his ship, the Due de Duras
(renamed Bon Homme Richard in honor
of Franklin captured the British ship
Scraps. This engagement has been re-
ferred to as one of the most memorable
and desperate ever fought on the ocean
1t was here that Jones, replying to the
demand of Pearson, who saw the enemy'
ship literally riddled and wondered why
he did not yield. uttered his immorta
words, II have just begun to fight"
Stephen Decatur one of the outstand.
ing men of the Navy, received gole
medal for the capture of the British
frigate Macedonian, october Is, 1912
The Congress, by resolution January %
1913, granted gold medals to Decatur
Capts. Isaac Hull, Jacob Jones and VII
liam Bainbridge. who rendered conspicu
ously brave service in the same cam.
Evening star., 1942-12-20

gagements in which we find a number
of instances of conspicuous individual
bravery, but it remained for our SUBJ
marine chaser, under command of Capt.
Charles P. Nelson, to contribute Amer
ica's part in the chief American naval
battle of that war, october 2, 1918, when
British, Italian and American forces
joined in attacking the Austrian naval
base at Durazzo, in the Adriatic Sea.
During bombardment under enemy
fire, our submarine chasers screened
heavy ships which poured out rain Of
shells upon the Austrian defenses, aided
in destroying two submarines, one Of
which torpedoed the British ship Wey-
mouth, and formed notable feature Of
that brilliant and successful attack. The
conduct of our Navy, the British force
commander reported, was beyond
praise" The Italians expressed highest
appreciation" of their useful, efic.ent
work" and vivid admiration of their
brilliant and clever operations"
Not Presented by Congress
These medals in every known in
stance, were authorized by Congress but
not actually presented by it. Sometimes
Congress requested the President to do
the honors. Sometimes lesser dignitaries
were specified; sometimes no one was.
The truth of this statement is guar
anteed, as far as possible. by research on
the part of Librarian Of the Senate Rus
kin McArdle at the request Of Col Edwin
Halsey, secretary of the Senate. In
Evening star., 1942-12-20
Washington's Early
Railroad Stations
By John Clagett Proctor.


It is very interesting to see pictures
In The Star, from time to time, showing
the crowds and the traffc congestion in
and around the Union Station, due, OF
course, to the present war condition and
the abnormal number of people who are
coming in and going out Of this great
railroad depot every twenty-four hours,
and every day of the week, resulting,
naturally, in greatly overtaxing the Ca
pacity of the huge building.
The erection of this depot was begun
In 1902 and completed October Is, 1907.
The cost incidental to its construction
was about $18OOO0,0O0, of which the
Government appropriated $5,000,000.
The central pavilion is modelled after
the Arch Of Constantine and its outlines
preserve the central idea OF a colossal
city portal. The passenger concourse is
760 feet in length, and an army OF
$4,000 men could stand on the floor.
The main waiting room is 220 by 130 feet,
with a height of 120 feet, and in each
end is a circular window rs feet in di-
ameter.
The erection of this structure was I'M
doubtedly brought about-directly or in
directly-by The Stars efforts to minim-
lie grade crossing accidents and to clear
the Mall of the Baltimore g. Potomac
Railroad Depot and its sheds and.tracks,
and to restore that reservation as park
in keeping with the intention OF those
who planned the city, and to this end
The Star worked increasingly for years.
Valuable data was contributed on this
subject by the present editor of The
Star, Theodore w. Noyes, when travelling
abroad in 1892, and at other times, In
which he described the great railroad
stations of Berlin, Frankfort, Paris and
London, which showed that the foreign
conception of capital included an ar
Evening star., 1942-12-20

day morning at 10 o'clock to convey
the members of the Corporations Of
Washington, Alexandria and Georgetown
to Bladensburg to meet the trains from
Baltimore"
On August rs, the day following the
opening, the Intelligencer prints the fol-
lowing:
Opening Of the Railroad.
yesterday was great day on the
new railroad between Baltimore and
Washington, being the first day OF its
Evening star., 1942-12-20
Unprecedented Honors Planned for Admiral Halsey

memorandum to the colonel, he states:
1--WE have carefully searched the records,
both of the Senate and House of Repre-
sentatives, from the beginning of the
Government, 1899, to 1912 and do not
find record of any instance when cere-
mony was conducted in Congress on the
occasion of the presentation of a medal
for distinguished or heroic services.
1--WE have also searched Niles Register
"a semi mi-Government publication con-
tanning much material which does not
appear in the proceedings of Congress
from 1911 to 1849, the period of time
covered by it, and do not find any refer
ence to such ceremony being held in
Congress"
The German U-boat which was so
ruthless and destructive in the last war
finds its counterpart in the Nazi subma-
rines which will relentlessly pursue its
murderous course until wiped out. In
coping with these assassins of the sea the
American Navy has justified the most
ardent hopes of our people.
The exploits of Admiral Halsey and
to even greater achievements which will
add to the incompatible record of the
American Navy new chapter of glory
and great good to be written at the con-
clusion of the present war.
Unprecedented Award
The idea of a join presentation by
Congress to Admiral Halsey seems to
have occurred spontaneously to several
members. 1t remained for Col. Halsey,
however Che is no direct kin of the ad-
miral though OF the same stock, to
make the probability virtual certainty,
by delving into history for checkup.
When, therefore, Admiral Halsey,
weather and Japs permitting, receives
his medal, it is most likely to be under
circumstances never before known. The
scene of presentation would be either the
House chaber, with the Senate as guest
visitors, or the Senate chamber, with the
House as guests. 1t is not necessary TO
decide which, at the moment. The de-
tails will be settled by informal commit
tees from both branches. 1t Is certain
that when the right moment arrives,
every Senator and Representative will
have the opportunity to be present IN
person.
Evening star., 1942-12-20

by the editors that a further account
will later apear by one of its contrib
utors, and the following, printed on Au-
gust a, is most likely the one referred to:
Dedication Ceremonies
"At 10 o'clock in the forenoon on Tues
day, the corporate authorities Of WASH
ington, the Mayor OF Georgetown and a
number Of the members Of the corpora
ton of Georgetown and Alexandria, with
the Marine Band, proceeded In two
Evening star., 1942-12-20

The Baltimore Patriot waited three
days after the event to tell us:
About half-past 8 in the morning the
invited guests, consisting of the execu-
tive of the State, members of the Legis-
lature, the Mayor and the City Council
of Baltimore and large concurse OF
ladies and gentlemen were seen fiocking
from all directions to the railroad depot
in South Charles street ="
The Metropolitan, a newspaper pub
Evening star., 1942-12-20
C street, in 1861.

Quite difference in wages will be
noted here between those of 1885 and
1912. 1t reminds the writer of an item
he read in newspaper printed in 1887,
which read: THE carpenters of Detroit
paraded the streets of that city with
banner thus inscribed:
Ten hours day
And two dollars pay"
Which sounds more like a dream than
fact.
One of the interesting things in con-
nection with the question of wages OF
the period of 1885 and later is that as
salaries advanced railroad fares became
cheaper. AS evidence of this is an an
nouncement appearing in the Intelli-
gencer of June II, 1858, which says:
THE Railroad Fare Reduced-At the
meeting of the directors of the Balti-
more & Ohio Railroad on Wednesday 1t
was decided to reduce the fare between
Baltimore and Washington from Sl80 to
ST 25, and for tickets to go and return on
the same day from 50 to $l.50. The new
rates are to go into effect on the 1st OF
July next. We hail this movement with
pleasure, and confidentially hope that at
no distant day we shall be able to an
nounce that the trip between Washing
ton and Baltimore may be made for
dollar, and the round trip at corre-
spondingly low rate"
1t is but natural to suppose that during
the II years the B. & o. depot remained
at Second street and the Avenue that
many important events transpired there,
and this Is certainly logical conclusion.
Indeed it was from here that number
of young Washingtonians, who had
formed themselves into military organ
ization for mutual protection while cross
ing the planes to California on the dis
covery of gold, departed, and it was also
from here that the District volunteers
took their departure for the Mexican
War. Gen. William Henry Harrison
arrived at this station in February, l841
Just prior to taking the oath of office as
President, and it is recorded that hi.
arrival here was during a snoWstorm.
Larger Depot Is Built
However it was not long before Wash
ington had outgrown this small depot
but the railroad company seems to hav
anticipated this at the time it bough
the Avenue site, for about this time i
also bought square 632 bounded by Nortl
Capitol street and New Jersey avenue
c and D streets NV, and here, at tn
northeast corner of New Jersey avenu
and C street, it erected its second depot
which was completed in 1852.
To thousands of Washingtonians thi
railroad station is still recalled, especiall
during the 80s and 90s, when Bay Ridg
and Chesapeake Beach were two of ou
most important water resorts, it wa
then, during the summer months, tina
crowds of excurionists could be see
daily assembled at the depot ready to g
for days outing on the bay. The far
Evening star., 1942-12-20
Stephen Decatur Medal.

July IS, 1886, Zachary Taylor, utctory
on Rio Grande.
March 2, lS47, Zachary Taylor, capture
OF Monterey.
March 9, 1S48, Winfield Scott, Mericun
campaign.
December II, 1863, U. S. Grant, Fort
Donelson. Vicksburg, Chattanooga.
In World War I, there were minor en-
Evening star., 1942-12-20
George Washington Medal.

paign. Decatur was perhaps the most
colorful naval hero of his time. With
him, his loyalty to his country was an
obsession which is reflected in his Oft
quoted phrase, MY country-may she
ever be right, but, right or wrong, my
country"
Evening star., 1942-12-20
Farraeut and Dewey

Admiral Farraguet received recognition
from Congress for his conduct Of the
battle Of Mobile Bay. August S, 1864. 1t
was here that Farragut, when warned
of the danger Of torpedoes, gave his now
famous command, Damn the torpedoes!
Go ahead" On July 25 1865. Congress
honored the hero Of Mobile Bay by
creating the grade Of admiral and the
Senate unanimously confirmed his NOM
ination to the position and rank.
After the battle Of Manila Bay, May
/, 1898, Commodore Dewey was promoted
to the rank of acting rear admiral. He
received from the Joint houses of Con-
gress vote of thanks for his signal vic
tory over the Spanish fleet. Congress
also presented to him a sword and
caused medal to be cast to be presented
to. Dewey and to each officer and man
in his fleet. In 1899 Congress provided
for Dewey the rank of admiral, which
had been held only by Farragut and
David Dixon Porter.
OF the numerous medals awarded by
Congress the following (all golO are also
prominent:
January S, 1914, Commodore Perry,
pictory on Lake Erie.
The midland journal., 1942-10-09
Left . Right Handed

Nature has arranged that the
brain shall be mapped out into
definite departments, and overlap
ping is discouraged. One part OF
your brain deals with the sense Of
smell, another with the sense Of
sight, and so on. Roughly speak
ing, the right side Of your brain
governs the left side Of your body,
and vice versa.
BY heredity and training you are
right-handed7 That means that
the left side of your brain looks
after your writing with your right
hand. II the right side Of your
brain encouraged your left hand
to write as well there would be
waste of effort.
People who naturally can write
equally well with right or left hand
the ambidextrous-are seldom
successful In life.
The midland journal., 1942-10-09
PREPAREDNESS
" tie
AMERICAN RED CROSS

"A MEXICAN service men fight
4 = ing the nations battles over
seas are making American Red
Cross clubs their favorite meeting
place during leave periods.
The Red Cross clubs, estab-
1ished in nearly all the major
overseas war theaters, are open
to the enlisted men Of the United
Nations in addition to Americans,
but the atmosphere of the clubs is
typically American.
Such home country stand-bys as
hotdogs, soft drinks, hamburgers,
and ice cream made the Ameri-
can way, are regulars ON the
clubs bills of fare. They may be
obtained for penny at the snack
bars which are open throughout
the day.
The clubs are stated by trained
Red Cross workers with the ac-
cent upon competent American
girls specially selected for con-
Quoting an active recreational pro-
gram in the clubs. The girls are
attractive, too.
Typical of the clubs in the larg-
er cities is the Red Cross Wash
ington club located in the Mayfair
section of London. Here service
men may use luxurious lounge
rooms, a dance room, and recrea-
ton rooms where ping pong and
billiards are the popular games.
A large restaurant, capable of
serving 600 men at one sitting, is
maintained i'm the club, and dormi-
tories large enough to house 1,2OO
men are contained i'm the club and
adjacent dOrmitories. For bed and
breakfast the Yank ON leave in
London pays so cents. He can
get piping hot lunch and supper
for 20 cents each.
Prices charged by the Red
Cross are below cost, the deficit
being met through Red Cross
funds. Officials of the American
Red Cross were reluctant to make
any charge for food or meals and
did so only after Secretary of War
Stimson requested that nominal
fee for such services be made
since other United Nations clubs
also charge.
The Red Cross club program is
a new wartime service Of the Red
Cross which was requested by the
war department. Red Cross clubs
are the only ones operated for
Americans on foreign soil.
All of the clubs in the larger
cities maintain a Central Leave
Information bureau where service
men on leave may make inquiries
as to what to see and do. Many of
the club workers report that the
service men most of all want to
talk to American girls. They find
the Red Cross club worker
mighty attractive confdante.
Prepared exclusively for WNU.
The midland journal., 1942-10-09
d |, d|,X&OLN D lI'alEIi| LIE h
|2;ls8EDzQIIfI!OUl fOOU

TO pan vegetables melt two
tablespoons Of fat for each quart
of prepared vegetables in a heavy,
flat pan. Add the vegetables and
cover to retain steam. Cook until
tender, but not mushy.
TO wash nylon curtains squeeze
them in a mild soap and water
solution. Rinse in lukewarm wa
ter and roll in a turkish towel to
remove moisture. They need not
be ironed.
Domestic red pepper is less hot
than cayenne and can be used in
salad dressings, cheese and meat
dishes, relishes and fruit buffers.
To prevent crushing fill a hat
crown with tissue paper and store
the hat on its brim in its own box.
Sharpen needles with an emery
bag for longer service.
Old shirts no longer worn be-
cause they are collarless or out Of
style make pretty kitchen aprons.
Silverware should be washed
Immediately after use since foods,
salt and acids cause corrosion.
-
Kitchen scales are almost a
necessity at canning time. For
best results weigh everything.
The midland journal., 1942-10-09
ALL-BRAN FUDGE
SQUARESBEST
YOU EVER TASTED!

Every mother in the land will want to
bake these scrumptious cookies. Chill.
dren will demolish plate Of them in
q wink. Grown-ups rave about their
different" taste and new crunchy tex
ture. They're made, of course, with tho
famous cereal, Kellogg's All-Bran.
KELL0Gc'S ALl-BRAN FUDGE SQUARES
squares un- cup sugar
sweetened p cup flour
chocolate "a cup All-Bran
y cup butter Il cup nutmeats
2eggs / teaspoon vanilla extract
Melt chocolate over hot water and add
butter. Beat eggs well, add sugar and
beat until light and fluffy. Add melted
chocolate and butter. Stir in four.
All-Bran, chopped nutmeats and fla
voring. Pour into creased pan. making
layer about one-third inch thick.
Bake in moderate oven (3750F.) about
20 minutes. Yield: Sixteen 2-inch
squares (8 8 inch PAM.
The midland journal., 1942-10-09
! ASK Me y
! ANOTHER {
: A General Quiz
The Questions
&. GO. @. g. g. g. c.c.c.c.c-
What is a Cadman victory?

1. What is a Cadman victory?
2. In American political history,
who were the mugwumps?
3. Persons who weep at the
slightest provocation are called
what?
4. How many states lie east OF
the Mississippi river?
5. Ancient Babylonia is now
called what?
6. How many times greater is
the speed of light than the speed
of sound? --4~y
Z. What is an abattoir?
g.. How do peanuts grow, hang
from bushes in clusters, below
ground, or on trees?
9. What are the costal bones OF
the body?
10. In what year were revolvers
first used by the United States
troops?
The midland journal., 1942-10-09

HERE is a way to give an old
couch new lease on life with
style and comfort.
Start with 9h yards Of 36-inch-
wide cotton twill to cover an aver
age couch and three cushions.
Here a soft tan is used to match
one of the tones in the rug. Seams
are accented with second stitch
ing, as shown. And there is no
untidy slipping and sliding for this
cover. The seam allowance around
the top is sewn to the couch pad
with long stitches of carpet thread
The cushions are made to stand
erect by using an inside core Of
The midland journal., 1942-10-09

IN TOWN and in country, at
home and in the Office this is a
dress which is ''tops" for style and
comfort. Larger figures will par
ticularly like the full-cut bodice
and the six-gore skirt which fits
with such admirable smoothness.
We suggest it for gabardines, fam
nels, new rayon weaves.
Barbara Bell Pattern No. 1590-B is de-
signed for sizes "a, SO, SO. 40. AZ. A, 46
and 48. Size 36 with short sleeves takes
41a yards 39.inch material.
The midland journal., 1942-10-09

Better results will be obtained
from cookies which require roll
ing, if the dough is chilled for sew
eral hours. Gwen chilling them
overnight is not too long.) A thor
ough chilling enables the dough to
be handled more easily.
Too much heat kills yeast. When
dissolving yeast for baking, be
sure the liquid is lukewarm, about
80 degrees F.
The midland journal., 1942-10-09
XN RUTH WYETH SPEARS

newspapers tightly bound together
with muslin bands, and then pad
ded with cotton batting.
NOTE: The above idea was taken from
BOOK of the series of 10 cent booklets
which Mrs. Spears has prepared for read.
ers. BOOK also contains illustrations Of
several ways to fix up kitchen; making
useful things from boxes and orange
crates; ways to remodel closets: various
toys and household conveniences. Send
your order to:
The midland journal., 1942-10-09

and simple enough
to say that sport
will be abolished.
"This would be a
bad thing" a high
ranking officer tells
me. "We need sport
for future physical
fitness, for revenue
and for morale.
There is no sense in
solving headaches
by cutting off heads.
And well have plen-
fVy IF bcodo0hoc -