davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-12-28
THIS AND THAT
BIZ Charles Z. TrdcetoeH.

No birds sleep in nests except the
young. spring and summer. The mother
bird, Of course, sleeps there when brood
ing.
Contrary to popular impression, the
nest is not the birds home in any human
sense of that word. It Is merely q nurs-
cry, or better, a cradle.
Occasionally the few bluebirds which
winter in this vicinity will sleep in blue
bird houses, but this is by no means the
usual thing.
on cold winter nights in areaways and
on ladders and farm implements which
are run under shelter of some sort.
Both sparrows and starlings will roost
in barns. Starlings sleep on the lodges
Of downtown buildings We have heard
of few robins which managed to
tough out Northern winter by sleeping
in barn.
Most of the birds which winter here
abouts ask nothing better than an ever
green. such as the yew, juniper, cedar,
etc. Clinging to good perch and shell
tered by the overlapping growth of the
various limbs, the songsters are able to
pass the coolest nights comfortably.
They also sleep in hedges.
1t must be remembered that our song
| birds are highly developed creatures,
whose normal temperatures range from
l0l degrees to l06 degrees, and some
times even higher.
This high degree of heat comes in
mighty handy on cold night
More than this, the birds are pro-
tected by their marvellous feathers,
| which not only shed water like the
proverbial ducks back, but keep in the
high degree of warmth which the little
creatures possess.
1t was not for nothing that our an
cestors took to feather beds.
Another factor which helps to keep
the birds warm is the high carbonaceous
diet which they prefer in winter. Such
diet is warming. Every one can help
the birds in this respect by putting out
seeds, grain and bread stuffs Friends
of birds are everywhere, and between
many birds over the winter.
According to our observations, few
wintering birds sleep in the immediate
vicinity Of feeding stations. Once we
thought an old startling was going to
sleep in the tray, but long after dark
ness came he silently few away.
Most birds fly to the south when they
leave feeding place at night. 1t is
impossible to know surely Just how far
they go, but we believe that most OF
| them do not fly more than a few blocks.
! Usually there will be large and luxu-
RANT evergreen or several of them, and
these are the usual sleeping places of
the eaters
The cardinals being the first to appear
in the morning and the last to go at
night, would seem to be sleeping some
| place comparatively close. We think
| we know where a pair of redbirds sleep,
but have resisted the temptation to trail
them and turn a f1ashlieht into their
| quarters. We do not feel that such a
hard-Working couple should be disturbed
in their well-earned rest
! Let us hope that no friend Of birds
will permit his inquisitiveness to lead
him to be busybody, There are too
many busybodies at large in the world
as it is.
Evening star., 1942-12-28
date gasoline coupons last week end.
There is a further aspect of this

GATE gasoline coupons last week end.
There is a further aspect of this
matter however, which concerns the
effect of the war on the country's
distribution system, that term being
used to include wholesale and retail
establishments as we'll as transpor-
tation itself. The exigencies of war,
aggravated in some respects by off,
cial incompetence, already have
borne down heavily on the Nations
wholesalers and retailers, particu-
larly the latter. And, as Mr.. Nelson
points out, this pressure will increase
as the war progresses. In this con-
nection," he said, I'VE must squarely
face the fact that the entire lines
Of some distributors will be elm
mated and major parts of the lines
Of others no longer will be available"
In other words, many stores will
be eliminated, and this at a time
when transportation limitations will
cut into the distribution of a re-
stricted supply of food, and when,
for the same reason, the individual
consumers will find it more difficult
to reach the dwindling number of
places where food and other COM
moditieS are sold.
All of these factors lend indorse-
ment to the wisdom of maintaining
substantial storage depots for emer-
gency purposes and rationing certain
commodities to insure maintenance
of better balance among available
supplies. AS protection against un-
necessary hardships, or worse, this
is something that we can, and
should, do.
Evening star., 1942-12-28
Procedure Traditional

1here is nOUnl0g new ABOUT lIe
Idea of rationing. Since long before
the beginning of written history the
custom Of dividing food into equal
portions during seasons of scarcity
has prevailed among peoples aspir-
ing to be regarded as civilized. The
word signifying such sharing is
very old. 1t comes down to modern
usage from the Latin "ratio,' mean
ing "a calculation" "a reckoning"
or. "an account" Naturally, the
phrase often, II not Invariably, has
had military connotation. Soldiers
had regular allotments of bread and
meat in Caesars campaigns. The
practice has continued ever since.
Captain John Smith was familiar
with the philosophy of rationing
when he arrived at Jamestown in
1907. Many Of his companions were
dreamers, incapable of helping
themselves. Woodrow Wilson says
OF him and them: HE was a
partisan of his own way of making
colony, and it may be colored the
narratives he wrote to be seen at
home: but he was no sluggard at
work, and knew how to take the
burden of tasks which no one else
would attempt. He at least found
ways of getting food from the In
dians, and Of making interest with
their chiefs. Though he took au-
thority when 1t was not given him,
he made the lazy, 'humoursome, and
tuftaffety sparks of the settlement
work, upon penalty Of being set
across the broad river to shift for
themselves or starve."
Massachusetts,, in the famine Of
1922, had recourse to a similar
system Of parceling out what sus-
tenance was available to be dis
tributed among the venturerS of the
Mayflower. The same conception Of
equity appeared whenever there was
need for 1t during the whole Co
lonial period. 1t moved west with
the frontier, was adopted by both
the Union and the Confederacy' in
the strife between the States and
always was brought into effect in
such emergencies as that which de-
veloped for the Greely Arctic ex-
pedition in 1884
Within the experience Of living
generations rationing, however, has
assumed a significance especially
Indicating the apportionment to
each member of population
of his due share of COM
modities in time of shortage" 1t
was in that civilian relation that
both Germany and Great Britain
in the First World War evolved dis
tinct rationing plans" The general
commanding in Bradenberg In Sep
tember, 1914, assumed control of
ali cereals" Bread cards were in
use in many German cities shortly
thereafter. Early in 1915 the con-
troll Of wheat, rye, etc, was "fol-
lowed by that Of practically every
article of daily consumption" A
central company" was organized
with the support and approval Of
the Imperial Food Bureau, and "the
country's supplies were thus CEN
tralized."
Meanwhile, in Britain a royal
commission" on sugar distribution
Evening star., 1942-12-28
Huskin's Answers
To Questions
BIZ Frederic J. HdSkin.

A reader can get the ansUer to any
question OF tact by writing The Epe-
ming Star Information Bureau. Fred
eric J. Hnsktn, director, Washington,
d. c. Please inclose stamp for return
postage.
@. What is Herbert H. Lehman's off,
cial title?-J. H. B.
A. Director Of foreign relief and re-
Mobilization operations. His Office is in
the State Department
@. In what ancient country did the
color of shoes indicate social status?-
E. E. B.
A. In the Roman Empire at one time
different types of shoes indicated social
classes. Red was reserved for msgis-
trates, Senators wore black shoes
@. Where is the largest rose garden in
America?-S. c. l..
A. The largest rose and cut flower
garden on the American continent is
said to be in Ontario Canada. in and
about the little town of Brampton.
Here millions Of roses are picked each
year.
O. How many people own cameras?-
b R. D.
A. The estimated number of cameras
in the United States is between II and
l8 million. The annual cost of amateur
photography is more than 500, 1000 900.
Evening star., 1942-12-28
Defends His Contention
That Preparedness Leads to War.


My assertion that disarmament is the
best thing that could happen to any
nation, so fatty disagreed with recently
by Mrs. Alice M. Thurston, is based
upon the conviction that arming is the
source of that fear of one nation by
another nation which precipitates wars.
In other words, believe that we do not
arm because we fear other nations so
much as we fear other nations because
we arm.
Incidentally, the sure-fire methods for
bringing about third world war in 20
or 80 years are not so few as Mrs.
Thurston seems to think. She might
turn to the front pages Of any of our
newspapers, go "eeny- -meeny -miny mo"
in selecting an article, and find an illus
tration of a sure-fire method for bringing
about third world war.
CHARLES LAWSON.
Evening star., 1942-12-28
Legendary Yugoslav Leader
Called "Object" Of Propaganda.

70 the Editor of The Star:
The magnificent expedition OF the
heroic American Army to North Africa
which Is one Of the greatest achieve
ments Of the war has brought this army
nearer to the European fronts and par
ticularly nearer to the valiant Yugoslav
troops which now are fighting on their
native soil. The distance has been
shortened by several thousand miles.
Great victories won by the British in
Egypt and in Libya have created new
possibilities for them and for the Ameri-
cans to render a more effective assist
ance to Gen. Draja Mikhailovitch.
Precisely at this moment when the
victories Of the two largest democracies
Evening star., 1942-12-28
Letters to the Editor

Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address OF
the 1priter, although the use OF
a pseudonym for publication is
permissible. The Star reserves
the right to edit all letters NTH
pie1U to condensation.
Evening star., 1942-12-28
"CLYDESDALE PLACE.

Dear SlT.
This morning, for the first time. q
fine blue jay flew into our window-sill
feeding box, stuffed his bill with sun
flower seeds and flew away to the Zoo
Park across the street.
HE liked it so well that he came
back several times for more, disposess-
ing cardinal that had appeared in the
meanwhile.
''At one time I counted six cardinals
around the feed box, either in the elm
tree Immediately adjoining, waiting for
their turn, or else upon the window sill
eating seeds We love to have the cardi-
mails come and frequently watch them,
keeping perfectly still in the room while
they are on the window ledge. They
seem to grow more used to 1t and to
be less afraid each day, but I clearly
notice that the female cardinals are the
boldest; they usually come first, then
the males.
The coming of the cardinals always
brings lot Of parrows-invariably-
and they are pesky things; they scatter
the seeds all over the place and are so
untidy in their feeding.
IF female cardinal is feeding in
the box and male alights on the win
dow ledge, she Immediately departs to
the limbs of the tree, while he eats his
fill. Seemingly, he won't tolerate an
other cardinal while he is feeding, but
he does not seem, much to mind the
adees feeding at the same time
These latter birds come in droves
about three times each day
Sometimes male cardinal will be
eating seeds and along comes, like
red flash, another male cardinal and
knocks him off the window ledge with
out any preliminaries at all At times
I have counted six cardinals on the
window ledge or in the box; their bright
black eyes shining and watching right
and left; ever on the alert for the least
sign of danger.
1t Is really funny to see how quickly
Mrs. Cardinal must depart and sit in
the tree waiting, while Mr.. Cardinal
takes his seeds with the utmost leisure.
No gallantry, 1t seems, among the men
and women cardinals.
I want to ask you where all the tit
mice, nuthatches and chickadees go
when night comes-I have often Won-
dered. When the wind is blowing and
the snow falling on a cold. dismal night,
what sort of shelter do they seek and
find? Have they nests somewhere to go
to, or do they find refuge wherever they
can in some tree and just hang on?
Il think I know where the cardinals
hang out-the ones that come to our
window ledge feedbox, but do they have
nests in winter as we'll as in summer
time?
Il wish you would please explain
something about the birds shelter
places, where they sleep in wintertime;
it should prove to be very interesting
Very truly yours, E. A. c."
Birds sleep mostly in eyergreens.
These are their winter homes, and if
there were no other reason for planting
the evergreens, this would be enough.
Some species seek refuge in thick
vines on walls, while still others prefer
the tangled masses of the climbing
Evening star., 1942-12-28
COmmends Articles
BY Army Officer.

COmmendS Articles
BY Army Officer.
To the Editor Of The Star:
wish to congratulate you on the re-
cent articles by Maj. Gen. J. N. Greely,
printed In your editorial page
They discuss 4 vitality important mill
tary situation most informatively and
simply.
hope the series will be continued. I
should think they must prove interesting
to your readers in this emergency
II. p. HENDERSON.
Evening star., 1942-12-28

1t is hoped that among the am
munition now being used in the war
against red tape there will be some
real blockhead busters.
Evening star., 1942-12-28
Heirloom Corner Cupboard

1t seems to hare almost human
guiSe,
Impartino ,oisdom from its cupboard
eyes.
The beautiful old pine Of honey hue
Feels satiny smooth and almost
human, too.
Proudly, through shining glass, tho
iDilloD Ddre
And hob nail CLEAN, a huted amber
pair
OF ooblets gives mellon. Golden
light
OF beauty from the stately Hepple-
,phite.
A dear ancestor had a generous part
OF loue for home ,Dithtn his ouesttno
heart,
And brought behind his patient oren
train,
This heirloom for hts house upon
the plain.
Oh, lone for home that shtnes from
out the past:
Oh. treasured lore to whtch the
heart holds tast'
ROSE MYRA PHILLIPS.
Evening star., 1942-12-28

If an ordinary cat has nine lives,
certainly Maltese one must have
at least q hundred and nine.
Evening star., 1942-12-28

Meat for Thrifty Meals-With the
scarcity of meat it is now necessary
to know how to make the most out of
the available cuts, how to prepare
them in an appetizing manner. With
few scientific pointers on cooking
and spirit of adventure toward
trying new ways and new f1avors,
attractive, nourishing meat dishes can
be prepared to suit any meat budget.
Detailed information on buying and
preparing the cheaper cuts OF meat
Is contained in the Government pub
lication, Meat for Thrifty Meals" To
secure your copy Of this helpful book
let inclose 10 cents in coin, wrapped
in this clipping and mail to The Star
Information Bureau.
Name
Address
Evening star., 1942-12-28

u why old ocean liners always ST.
lence their whistles when passing the
Gaspe Peninsula?-V. B.. K
A. Whistles were silenced when pass
ing the bird sanctuary at the small
village Of Perce. Loud blasts would so
startle the birds that in their haste to
take flight they would upset their eggs
or young into the sea.
O. How long has the name Republican
been in official use?-W. N. G.
A. The name Republican was for
mally adopted by State convention at
Jackson, Mich. on July 8, 1854.
O. How do the guerrillas in Russia
harass the Germans?-L. d,
A. They either work as individuals or
in bands mostly on night raids, to wreck
trains, burn down radio stations, kill
sentries, blow up buildings and bridges
and ambush German trucks.
O. Why is the flag Of Maryland so odd
looking?-L. B.
A. 1t is the only State nag which is
an actual coat OF arms The arms of
Maryland were fixed in 1876 in the
Great Seal and in 1904 in the nag.
They are the ancient arms of the Call
vert family, later the Lords Baltimore.
Maryland Is also, for the same reason,
the only State in the Union with an
italian motto, "Fatti maschii, parol.
femme
@. To what Government department
should pictures of foreign countries be
sent?-S. K
A. The War Department saws that
photographs Of foreign places may he
sent to the once OF Strategic Service,
Pictorial Records Division 1900 Broad
way, New York City, directing them to
the attention Of Mr.. Haughton.
O. Were any movies made Of the total
eclipse of the sun last year?-J. E.E.
A. Two reels Of motion pictures were
taken from the ground and the air of
the total eclipse of the sun, September
%. l94l, by astronomers who travelled to
Lintao, Kansu Province, China. for this
purpose.
@. Where is the Hall of Life Masks
s. F. r.
A. 1t Is in the new museum at Coon
erstown, N. Y. The exhibits include life
masks Of many famous men of Amer
ica's early history.
G. Please give the meaning of ph,la-
thea.-L A.
A. The name of this interdenomins-
tional organization OF Bible classes, COM
posed Of young women, is derived from
two words, meaning loving" and
truth"
G. Is 1t true that in England a csr,di-
date for election need not be a resident
Of the district he wishes to representa-
D. D.
A. Yes. There is no requirement ~
to the residence Of candidate for Par
lament In the constituency he desires
to represent A man can offer himself
for election in any part Of the country.
no matter where he may happen TO live.
Heirloom Corner Cupboard
1t seems to hare almost a human
ouise,
Imparting ,oisdom from its cupboard
eyes.
The beautiful old pine Of honey hue
Feels sdtiny smooth and almost
Evening star., 1942-12-28

Birds sleep mostly in eyergreens.
These are their winter homes, and if
there were no other reason for planting
the evergreens, this would be enough.
Some species seek refuge in thick
vines on walls. while still others prefer
the tangled masses of the climbing
rOseS
Evening star., 1942-12-28
Member of the Associated press

A.. The Associated Press is exclusively entitled To
credited to 1t or not otherwise credited in this
paper and also the local news published herein
herein also are reserved
Evening star., 1942-12-28

@ How long has the name Republican
been in official use?-W. N. G.
A. The name Republican was for
mally adopted by State convention at
Jackson, Mich. on July 8, 1854.
Evening star., 1942-12-28

Address
Evening star., 1942-12-28

@. Why did ocean liners always ST.
lence their whistles when passing the
Gaspe Peninsula?-V. B. X.
A. Whistles were silenced when pass-
ing the bird sanctuary at the small
village of Perce. Loud blasts would so
startle the birds that in their haste to
take flight they would upset their eggs
or young into the sea.
The Coolidge examiner., 1942-09-18
Red Cross
Sewing Room
Now Open

Coolidge Red Cross sewing room
opened Wednesday in South
Grammar School for fall activity
Meetings of volunteer workers vii
be held here each Wednesday
from 9 a. m. to - noon through
out the fall and winter months.
according to announcement OF
Mrs. ]. ]. Jones. Coolidge Red
Cross sewing chairman Sewing
may be done there. or sewing
and knitting may be taken home
by those who have not time TO
stay.
Knitting and sewing kits com
pleted by Coolidge workers have
been sent direct TO army camps.
military hospitals. and points of
embarcation, said Mrs. Clifford
Clements. local Red Cross chair
man. who makes a special appeal
TO the mothers Of service men 20
aid with this work The knitting
and sewing that these mothers do
may be distributed at the very
point where their sons are sery-
ing" said Mrs. Clements, "and
they will be joining with thou
sands of other mothers through.
out the United States. who are
performing like services"
The Coolidge examiner., 1942-09-18

Inscribed In the annals Of Amer
lean history is the story OF the
Allied Intervention in the civil war
that ragged in Russia prior 10 and
after the conclusion OF World War
I. But the text books do not reveal
nor is IL commonly known that a
battalion OF American soldiers was
lost IN the frozen tundras of the
Soviet. unsung. unclaimed-forgot-
ten 10 a public that had its share
OF heroes on the battle fields OF
France
The pendulum OF time has oscil-
lated much since 1918. Those who
fought on the four corners Of the
earth there are being forgotten in
the thunder OF today. But in the
memory and heart Of 1t John F..
Wilson. commanding officer Of the
Ordnance Training Battalion OF
Davis-Monthan Field. the era Of
Yankee participation in the Rus
sian campaign, which was waged
IN the Artic circle crossing Muir
mesk. Is as vivid as the events Of
yesterday He was there-figh-
ting. freezing learning the Gus
toms and folkways OF people who
are as different from his native
Oklahoma as is black from white.
Along with a group of American
railroad engineers and soldiers 1t.
Wilson went 10 open In zone Of
operations in Murmansk a railway
which was supplying the hard
pressed armies OF the Allies who
were seeking 10 evacuate from
Archangel 20 Muransk, a distance
over six hundred miles TO the north
and east Because the task was
in a field where tho surrounding
terrain REQUIRED small attachments
rather than frontal armies the ex-
petition was broken mp into small
battalions. In this manner attacks
from Guerilla bands would be less
vulnerable. mobility would be eX-
pedited and the objective could be
more easily attained. IL was one
OF these battaliols that. after bat
thing the BOlsheyiks in their forests.
ice and snow, lost its way IN the
immensity OF northern Russia. new
or TO be heard from again From
bits that could be gathered by the
officers and men attached TO the
same outfit as the Lost Battalion
the story OF their adventure can
be deduced. 1t. Wilson. having
known the men of the unit that
vanished. having recorded tn
events that led up TO the disap-
The Coolidge examiner., 1942-09-18
To Hold Open
House at Williams
ield | omorroW

For the first time since its in
auguration, Williams Field the
largest twin-engine bomber pilot
training and bombardier school in
the state of Arizona. will he open
TO the public for inspection. Sat
urday, September %, will mark
the auspiciOus occasion. when two
classes of cadets vii be gradual
ed. the sixth class of pilot cadets
and the second class of lombard
iers.
Elaborate plans are now being
made to provide special enter
tainment and appropriate display
Of Air Force armament for those
who wish to be guests of the
Field
In extending this invitation to
the public Colonel Bernard A. Brid-
get. Post Commandant. said. I'VE
feel that the citizens of Arizona
have a personal interest in Will
liams Field. Local communities
have given the very ground on
which we are located; they have
provided materials and labor; they
have thoughtfully donated recre-
alton halls and athletic fields for
the enjoyment of the soldiers; and
many have invited us into their
homes as guests 1t is now our
turn to invite these kind people
out to visit us, and to see what
we are doing to help win this war
which is of vital interest to us
all"
I'm conjunction with the grad
uating exercises that will be held
at 10 o'clock in the morning, there
will be talks by prominent Ari-
zona officials and high ranking
Army officers. The Williams
The Coolidge examiner., 1942-09-18
Woman's Club
Officials Discuss
Years Program

A joint meeting of the eXecu-
tive board and board of directors
of the Coolidge Woman's Club
was held Tuesday afternoon in
the home of the president, Mrs.
c. ]. Wells, to discuss the year s
program.
-War Service7 in cooperation
with the Red Cross will be the
clubs major aim for the year
Regular meetings will be held
as usual, but war service will re-
place the greater portion OF the
clubs social activity.
The club library is open every
Monday night from 7:30 to 800
p. m. and beginning next month,
will be open during the after
moons of the clubs regular meet
ing days. which are the 2nd and
4th Thursdays of each month.
October meeting dates are the
Sth and 22nd.