davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1942-02-14

''Thirty-six Years in the United States
Senate"
Another authority claims that Gull
bertson gave the name Of Benton to
the fort, not on the score of friend
ship. but as an acknowledgement Of
services rendered the company by the
senator Probably the suggestion Of
one was so promptly seconded by the
other. that neither could recall who
first mentioned the name. One report
states the suggestion was made while
a Christmas celebration was in prog
ress, another says the celebration fol-
lowed the naming, and was celebrated
with many a copious nbation Of the
firewater used on such occasions" In
either case we may be reasonably sure
the christening festivities were Of the
kind described.
Major Dawson, because Of the help
he gave them In times Of epidemics,
or when they were the victims of ac-
cidents, came TO be looked upon by
the Indians as a medicine man In
every sense of the word. He was
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1942-02-14
Mountain Chiefs Death at Browning Recalls
Murder0us Baker Massacre on Marias River

thought to possess supernatural power.
It Is told Of him that an Indian once
requested the major to change him
into a white horse. Dawson knew It
would be unwise to let the Indian lose
faith in him. so he therefore had the
man strip. and picketed him out In
a driving snowstorm. A half hours
experience cured the Indian of his
desire He said If that was what q
horse had to endure, he did not care
to be one
once while he was taking freight
from Fort Union to Fort Benton, an
Indian fell under a moving wagon and
was killed The wagon was instantly
surrounded by River Crows. to which
tribe the slain man belonged, and It
looked as though Dawson's end was
near The Infatuated savages vowed
they would kill him at sunset, and
he sent a messenger to the Mountain
Crows. imploring them to save him.
The day wore on. and evening was
near when 600 Mountain Crows ap-
peared on the scene after the dust Of
their coming had cleared away, and
demanded the release Of the prisoner.
To this the River Crows reluctantly
consented. but not until the leader Of
the rescuers had declared that III q
hair of Long Knife's head was touched
or any OF his party molested in any
wise, they would eat the whole camp
Of River Crows"
This was but one Of Dawson's mar
row escapes. and it well illustrates the
danger incurred by the white men who
entered the fur trade. The life ordi-
narily, with its monotony. would have
been uncomfortable for men Of educa-
ton. had It not been relieved by an
occasional adventure
After administering the business Of
the American Fur Co. at Fort Benton
for 10 years, Major Dawson, having
met with an accident which rendered
him almost helpless, decided to retire,
and go back to his native country. he
turned the fort over to Messers Carol
and Steel, and then set out on his
long journey. Arriving in Liverpool. In
the fall of 1864, he was met by q
brother who accompanied him TO Dali
keith, where the last seven years Of
his life we're pleasantly spent. among
the friends Of his boyhood.
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1942-02-14
APPELLATE COURT
RULING PLEASES
STATE TAXPAYERS
DECLARES IRRIGATION DISTRICT
BONDS DIRECT CHARGE
AGAINST LAND

One OF the major problems facing
Montana landowners and taxpayers
has been settled by the United states
circuit court Of appeals in San Fran
cisco-in favor Of the landowner and
taxpayer. Attorney General John ".
Bonner announced.
The bright spot In the tax picture
came when the appellate court over
ruled a long-standing policy Of the
United States district courts and de-
clared irrigation district bonds are a
direct charge against the land and
not a general obligation of the district.
The decision in the Montana case
means that the state and all land
owners who have paid their irrigation
district payments cannot be held
liable II the bonds default because
some district members are delinquent
in their payments. Bonner explained,
The attorney general entered the
case as amicus curiae-friend of the
court-after the United States district
court decided in favor of bOndholders
who had brought an action against a
Toole county irrigation district
THE state of Montana was vitality
interested because the winning Of the
leAsoI iAANtAAAb q Saving Va az ANe+of #AefDoN
to the people of Montana. because the
lands involved were school lands"
Bonner asserted. Undoubtedly 1t will
mean a saving on state lands In the
future. as we'll"
The Montana Association of County
Commissioners, represented in the case
by William A. Brown Of Helena, said
the decision will mean that land
owners in bond delinquent irrigation
districts will not be forced to let their
land go for taxes, as has been done
in the past.
This will mean drastic reduction
in the amount of tax-title land Mon
tana counties will be forced to carry
and will eliminate a cloud on the title
to such land
Much irrigation district land Is ex-
pected to go back on tax rolls as a
result OF the decision.
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1942-02-14
AMENDMENT VOTES SCHEDULED

Three states-Iowa, Oregon and
West Virginia-wil vote this fall on
proposed constitutional amendments
to guarantee that all automotive tax
funds shall be used exclusively for
purposes OF road financing. Eleven
states already have adopted such
amendments.
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1942-02-14
HAD COURAGE GALORE AND WAS
SUCCESSFUL IN DEALINGS
WITH INDIANS

The Scotch held foremost place
among the fur traders on both sides
of the Canadian border. To mention
the names of the men in charge Of
the Hudson's Bay Co.. posts from the
date of their earliest establishment,
reads like the roster of a Highland
clan. The same can be said of the
posts on this side of the line.
These men seemed to have the
faculty of understanding savage ma
ture, and gained the confidence Of
the Indians as none others could. Most
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1942-02-14

The automobile industry and It's
supplying industries maintain more
than one-third Of all the industrial
research laboratories in the nation.
Evening star., 1942-06-15
Admiral King Orders
50 Per Cent Cut in
Ships Typewriters
Fleets Commander Acts
To Release Personnel
For Bottle Duty
A recent recommendation by Ad-

A recent recommendation by Ad-
miral Ernest j. King. commander
in chief of the United States Fleet,
that at least so per cent of the type
writer's and duplicating machinery
used on warships be done away with
was put into effect today when Ad-
miral King ordered the number cut
one-half
The original recommendation was
made at a meeting of heads OF divi-
sions and units of the Navy At the
same time Secretary Knox made a
plea for a reduction in the personnel
of bureaus and offered managers in
ducements to cut rather than add
to their staffS.
Estimates put the number of type
writer's ordinarily on a modern bat
tleship at about SO. A cruiser ordi-
narily carries about 30 and an air
craft carrier about 55.
Admiral King said at the original
meeting that paper work through
out the operating forces must be
cut, as a means Of releasing men
for battle duty.
In his order to the fleet today, Ad-
miral King said:
THE allowance Of correspondence
typewriters and duplicating ma
chimes for ships and other units OF
the operating forces is hereby re-
duced by one-half. effective IS June.
Machines in excess Of this new al
lowance will be impounded for the
present and turned into store at
the first opportunity"
Evening star., 1942-06-15
Wilkinson, CoIIoghon Named
Rear Adn1iroIs by Roosevelt
Latter Was Presidents S
Aide; Former Heads
Naval Intelligence

President Roosevelt today nomi-
mated Capts. T. S. Wilkinson and
Daniel J. Callaghan, former aide to
Mr.. Roosevelt, to be rear admirals
and Comdr. Gail Morgan to be
captain.
Capt. Wilkinson, a native of An
napolis, is director of intelligence in
the Navy Department here and lives
at Hockey, Rosslyn, Va.
At the beginning of the World
War he was attached to the Ten
nessee, which was sent abroad for
the relief of Americans stranded in
Europe. His various duties have
included sea commands. service in
the Bureau of Navigation. and a
term as assistant to the naval at
tache at the American Embassy in
Paris.
He has had the temporary rank
of rear admiral since November,
194l
Capt. Callaghan is best known
here for having been aide to Presi-
dent Roosevelt from July IA, 1888
to April. 1941. He is chief of staff
to Vice Admiral Robert L. Ghormley,
chief of the joint United States-New
Zealand naval command.
Capt. Callaghan is native of San
Francisco. In 1916 he was assigned
to the New Orleans and was her
executive officer when the vessel
was engaged in convoy duty. He
also has served in the Bureau of
Navigation and as executive officer
Evening star., 1942-06-15

awaiting instructions and set Of
scales.
The operator at POI Massachusetts,
avenue NV. said some garden hose,
a bathing cap and rubber shoes had
been contributed without request
for payment
Another station in the $500 block
Of Georgia avenue had received be-
TWEEN so and 100 pounds to augment
donations by employees made before
the drive officially started. They in
cluded boots, rubber apron and
some rubber gloves.
Citizens associations were ex-
pected to work with the salvage
committee to promote the cam
paign. The Macarthur Boulevard
Citizens Association, in conjunction
with patriotic groups in that area,
planned a mass community meeting
tonight or tomorrow to boost the
drive.
Increase Expected.
Some station operators said they
expected contributions to increase
in coming days Their customers,
they said. promised to bring their
scrap with them the next time they
bought gasoline.
Meanwhile. Petroleum Co-ordi-
nator Ickes ordered the Oil Indus
try War Council to undertake an
immediate investigation of the oil
industry's ability to product mate
rials for synthetic rubber.
Mr.. Ickes' deputy, Ralph K.
Davies, asserted that there is every
reason to believe the petroleum in
dustry can make contribution at
an early date to the production of
raw materials for synthetic rubber.
ut must be emphasized that no
false hopes should be created that
this material will be available for
civilian needs, but that it will be
used for military requirements"
"Pounce on every ounce" was the
Evening star., 1942-06-15
American With RAF
5inks2 Nazi Ships,
Report
Florida Pilot Is Said
To Have Bugged z Of ;
Vessels in Convoy
By tie Associated Press.


LONDON, June 15.-An Amer
lean volunteer with the RAF-
Squadron Leader W. B. Cooper Of
st. Petersburg, Fla.-was cred
tied today with sinking two
German supply ships off the
coast of Holland last night.
Cooper, plotting an American
made Hudson bomber, spotted a
three-ship convoy off Den Helder,
the Air Ministry news service said,
and swooped down to drop part of
his bomb load on the smallest ship
from low level.
Without waiting to see the re-
suit" the service reported, 'he at
tackled the second ship and then
the third and largest, for which he
kept the biggest bombs.
There were violent flashes, and
when these died down only one ship
could be seen afloat."
Cooper, who is known as Lucky"
to his mates, is member of Ca
madam squadron.
A Spitfire squadron attacked
Axis shipping in the Dieppe-Le
Havre area this morning. The Air
Ministry news service said a motor
launch was left sinking and motor
minesweeper was hit.
One Boston was reported to have
dropped high explosives and incen-
diaries in the center of a lighted
airdrome used by the Germans to
launch attacks on Britain.
Railway yards at Abbeville in
Northern France and truck conveys
also we're attacked.
Evening star., 1942-06-15
Dependents Aid
CONTINUED From First Page.)

pected to receive final congressional
approval this week. Senators said
a provision recognizing family re-
lationships" as basis for draft de-
ferment probably was as far-reach-
ing and important as the allowances
intended to take care of the service
mems folks at home.
Not a Class Policy.
"Our purpose in this was to give
expression to the congressional in
tent that the family shall be left
intact as long as possible and that
financial dependency is not the
controlling point so much as the
status of man as head of a fam
ily," Senator Lee said. I'VE want
the unmarried men taken first. This
is recognizing in a legislative way
that the family is the fundamental
units of organized society"
Senator Austin said the provision
recognized a social policy for the
Nation, namely that established
families should be guarded to the
maximum extent that is consistent
with the prosecution Of the war"
Both Senators Austin and Thomas
said the new provision made no
change in the fundamental princi-
pie of the Selective Service Act that
each case must be considered in
dividuauy.
This does not have the effect
of deferring whole classes or cate
gories," Senator Austin said.
Amounts Provided in Bill.
Glass A dependents-wives and
children-Would be paid the allow
ances and aIotmentS on the appli-
cation of their enlisted kinSman or
any interested person. At the option
of the serviceman, other allowances
might be paid to class B depend
ents-parents, brothers, sisters,
grandparents and grandchildren.
A wife with no children would get
$50 month-S22 from her husband
and $28 from the Government. If
she had one child the Government
would add sl2, and $40 for each ad-
ditional child. For one child but
no wife the serviceman would pro-
vide S22 and the Government $40
a month, with the Government add
ing $40 for each other child.
If a serviceman had both class A
and B dependents, S27 would be
deducted from his pay, which would
mean that in the case of a depend
ent mother he would be allotting
her IS. to which the Government
would add SIS a month. If a serv-
iceman had no class A dependents
and a mother whom he wished to
aid he would pay s22 a month and
the Government SIS, for total of
s37. In general, class B depend
ents would receive smaller sums
than wives and children.
Evening star., 1942-06-15
Boat Workers Walk Out
At West Virginia Plant
By the Associated Press.

POINT PLEASANT, w. Va, June
15.-Workers at the Marietta Manu-
facuring Co., which is engaged in
war production, walked out today
and L. j. Callinan, representing the
American Federation of Labor, as
serted that the shutdown was "98
per cent effective"
THE company has defied Army
and Navy rulings, Department Of
Labor rulings and War Board in
struction all for the purpose of de-
feating the legal rights of workers, "
Mr.. Callinan said.
Further, the company is seven
months behind schedule and the
workers In the plant deem it a
patriotic duty to see to 1t that these
obstacles to production are cleared
up"
The Marietta Co., which con-
structs river and ocean-going boats,
has no union organization. The
walkout began this morning. Short
ly afterward a picket line was es-
tablished at the plant.
Evening star., 1942-06-15
Roosevelt Nominates Fly
For Another FEC Term

James L. Fly was nominated by
President Roosevelt today for an
other term as member Of the Fed
eral Communications Commission,
which he serves as chairman.
Mr.. Fly during his term in Office
has directed several major inquiries
into the communications field.
Among those were investigations of
television, frequency modulation,
newspaper ownership of radio sta
tions and chain broadcasting.
The inquiry into broadcasting
chains resulted in a far-reaching
order which brought about surrender
by the National Broadcasting Co. Of
its blue network. Mr.. Fly has sew
eral times been under attack on
Capitol Hill
Evening star., 1942-06-15
Lexington's Chief,
Back Broken, Once
Rode Horse 5H Hours

3, he Associated Press.
SAN DIEGO, Calf, June Is.
-Defying fate is an old story
to Rear Admiral Frederick c.
Sherman, commander of the
Lexington.
While serving with the Naval
Air Corps at Coco Solo, Canal
Zone. several years ago, his
fighter plane cracked up in the
Panamanian jungle.
Badly hurt but unaware of
the extent of his injuries, he
rode horseback 51a hours before
reaching a town. Examination
showed his back was broken and
his right arm shattered in four
places.
Evening star., 1942-06-15
Official Of Railway
Found Shot After
Wreck Kills Eight
StreumIined Train
Rommed by Freight
In North Corolino
Nv the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
KITTRELL, N. c., June 15.EThe
ramming of the Seaboard Airlne's
streamliner the Silver Meteor by
a freight train yesterday-third
smashup in the Virginia Division
since May 6-was followed less than
two hours later by the fatal shooting
of H. M. Terrell, Sc, division su-
perintendent, at Raleigh.
Eight persons we're killed and II
injured In the accident.
Railroad officials refused to say
whether Mr.. Terrells' death was
connected with the wreck.
Shot in Mouth.
Mr.. Terrell's body was found In
the railroad yard at 6 am, five
hours after the accident. Detective
1t. Hubert Horton of Raleigh said,
however, the wound was inflicted
about 2:3o am. He added that
there were powder burns on the
tongue and said a pistol with two
discharged cartridges was found
near the body. He was shot In the
mouth.
Coroner Roy NJ. Banks said Mr.
Terrell was worried about the
wrecks and he was overworked. He
had been talking about the wrecks.
The man was unnerved."
The Silver Meteor, fast New York
tO-Florida through train. was run
ming an hour and half behind
schedule, railroad officials said. 1t
had stopped here to receive emer-
gency orders and in stopping the
brakes became locked.
Hit Observation Car.
A few minutes later the freight
train plowed into the observation
car. Only this car of the 17-coach
train was damaged. The engine of
the freight was damaged but none
of the crew killed.
The dead: John v. Sullivan, Fair
view, Mass, a saldier stationed at
Camp Blanding, Fla; Pvt. Paul
Kirshman. Brooklyn, N. Y, sta
tional at Camp Blanding; John
Service, Rutherford, N. j., a soldier
stationed at Camp Banding; WAL
ter Rau, Baltimore, Md: Thomas
E. Carley, jr., Rutherford, N. j.; Miss
Edna Warneck, Baltimore, Md; Miss
Barbara Uzman. Hampstead, N. Y,
and Miss Ruth Shuler, Baltimore.
Evening star., 1942-06-15

unofficial slogan for the Nationwide
campaign.
Private autos cary nine times as
many passengers as public transport
vehicles in normal times and most
Of the private car owners will be un-
able to get tires for the duration,
officials explained. President Roose-
velt has urged sharp curtailment of
driving all over the country, despite
the scrap salvage drive and suggest
ed it be at lower. safer speeds.
Evening star., 1942-06-15
Japs' Leader at Nonkinq
Touring South China
By the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
TOXIC F'rom japanese Broad
casts}, June 15-Wang Chang wei,
head of the Gapanese-dominated)
national government of China at
Nanking, has arrived in Canton by
plane on a tour of japanese held
areas in South China, Domei re-
ported today in Canton dispatch.
Speaking at reception in his
honor. Wang said China will be
freed completely Of her present trials
and tribulations only when Asia is
emancipated through final Japanese
victory in the Greater East Asia
war"
Evening star., 1942-06-15
japanese in Kiangsi
ReduceC ChineseH Hold
On Vital Rail Line
Enemy Penetrotes Into
+ Kwonefene, Is Miles
From Chekione Border
B! TIE Associated Press.

.. ire hSSocldleu freSS.
CHUNGKING, June 15.-An
invasion column of Japanese
striking into Kiangsi Province
from the east has penetrated into
Kwangfeng, Is miles beyond the
Chekiang border, cutting the
Chinese-held central section Of
the Kiangsi-C -Chekiang rail line
to less than 100 miles, the high
command said tonight.
A communique said the Japanese
first wedged into the city Saturday
night and that fierce hand-to-hand
fighting was continuing in the
streets.
Casualties were said to be heavy
on both sides.
(The japanese claimed that
they had driven 25 miles deeper
into Kiangsi from the east, le-
porting the capture of Shanghai
tKwangsin). so miles by railroad
from the Chekiang border)
The communique said scores OF
Japanese planes raided Shanghai,
dropping incendiary bombs which
set many buildings aflre.
Chinese Capture Positions.
Striking at the western base of
Japan's Kiangsi-C Chekiang Province
offensive, Chinese troops have cap
tured positions just across the Kan
River from Nanchang, invader-held
capital of Kiangsi, the Central Daily
News reported. ,
It said the gains were made yes
terday in a series of fierce battles. +"
Nanchang is the western terminus
of the rail line from Hangchow
which the japanese have been
pinching of section by section in
assault from both ends.
(The Japanese said today they
had occupied Shanghai CKwang-
SIM so miles by railway into
Kiangsi from the Chekiang bor-
der, cutting the Chinese held
central section of the rail line
to less than IS niles.
Nanchang, in Japanese hands
since 1898, has been attacked several
times by the Chinese. Twice they
succeeded in penetrating the outer
defenses of the heavily guarded
city, but never were they able to
dislodge its defenders.
Japs Slice Through Nancheng.
The western blade of the Japa-
nese scissors has sliced through
Nancheng, 100 miles from its start
ing point in Kiangsi Province. but
its further progress toward a juno
ton with the eastern blade from
Chekiang is threatened by Chinese
recovery of an important town in
the rear, Chinese reports said last
night.
The Central News said the
Chinese had recaptured Tsungjen,
roughly half way between Nam
chang and Nancheng. If this report
proved true. 1t appeared that the
japanese left blade had been broken
in two.
CThat the Japanese may be
experiencing difficulties was in
dicated by a Domei broadcast
which said a downpour had
turned the Kiangsi countryside
into a morass in which Japanese
troops had been forced to aban-
don their shoes Military air
planes had dropped thousands of
pairs of army boots for the
troops. Domei said)
Capture of Nancheng meant the
japanese were within 125 miles of
closing the gap between their
western and eastern forces.
Evening star., 1942-06-15
Fund Drive Succeeds

BLACKSBURG, Va, June IS [P.
More than $500 alumni contrib
uted nearly $40 900 to make the
1912 annual alumni fund drive OF
Virginia Tech the most successful
since it was first established in 1899,
H. B. Redd, alumni secretary, an
nounced yesterday.
Evening star., 1942-06-15
Congress in Brief
TO-DAY.

Senate:
Hears King George Of Greece.
May take up conference report on
service pay allotment bill.
Appropriations Committee con-
siders Labor and Federal Security
appropriations bill.
special Silver Committee session
House:
Routine session.
WAYS and Means Committee con-
tinues study of new tax program.
Evening star., 1942-06-15
Stephen Birch Dies

GREAT FALLS, Mont, June IS
P).-Stephen Birch, 81, of Fargo,
N. Oak, dean Of contractors in the
Northwest and president and
founder of S. Birch & Sons Con-
struction Co., died yesterday.
Evening star., 1942-06-15

of the Naval ROTC unit at the
University of California. His home
address now is Fruitville, Calf.
Comdr. Morgan, a native of West
Virginia, is in the Bureau of Aero
nauticS.
Evening star., 1942-06-15
Population Coins

Argentina estimates that its popu-
lation the first of this year was 49,
518,239, an increase of 1888 in
IL months.
Evening star., 1942-06-15

Record for Last n Hours.
Fro0 noon yesterday to noon today)
Highest, s5, 12:45 pm. yesterday. Year
ago. 80.
Lowest. SO. 6:55 am. today. Year
ago. 81.
Record Temperatures This Year.
q Highest. "a, on May /.
Lowest 6, on January II.
Humidity for Last III Hours.
(From noon yesterday to noon today
Highest, 70 per cent. at 2:30 m today.
Lowest, 81 per cent, at 2:30 pm. yes
terday.
Evening star., 1942-06-15
'Borretts' Drumutist Dies

LONDON, June Is P.-Rudolf
Besier, So, dramatist whose works
included The Barretts of Wimpole
Street." died today at his home in
Surrey.