davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-05-22
Nation Wide Gas Ration Urged
By Brookings in Auto Crisis
Exhaustion Of Tires and Requisitionng
Of fPrivote Cars by u S. Discussed

Warning that the Nations tire
supply will not be suf1icient to meet
essential needs by the middle Of
next year II normal driving habits
continue, the Brookings Institution
today urged immediate and drastic
Nationwide gasoline rationing and
predicted the Government may
owned automobiles next year.
Nationwide rationing. a study
and report by CHARLES L. Dearing
Of the institution asserted, offers
the only reasonable prospect Of
averting a breakdown in essential
automobile transportation.
Requisitioning Seen.
Even II these drastic controls are
adopted Immediately and admins
tered effectively, 1T may prove nee
essary to requisition several million
vehicles during 1913 In order to in
sure maintenance OF adequate au-
tomobile transportation throughout
the remainder Of the year" 1t was
declared.
Requisitioning can be averted, the
study added, only If the projected
synthetic rubber plant capacity can
be made to produce far in excess Of
the combined rubber requirements
of the United Nations for military
purposes. This now appears highly
improbable, it said
The survey, entitled Automobile
Transportation In the War Effort,
estimated that, If normal driving
habits continue, the supply of tires
will be completely exhausted by
Evening star., 1942-05-22

1o45-the estimate being based on
q calculation that 10000, 900 passen-
ger cars are needed to maintain
the civilian economy without seri-
Gus disruption.
The proposed Nationwide ration
ing should be highly selective, per-
mitting all necessary mileage for
the approximately 20,000,000 We
hicles providing indispensable serv-
ice, but not more than 80 to 40
miles per week for about 5,000,00
vehicles Of less essential character.
About 100000 cars, belonging to
families owning more than one We
hicle, should be immobilized by
limiting ownership of tires to five
per family, the study said.
ALLEGATION of Cars Talked.
The survey warned that automo-
biles, as we'll as rubber, must be
conserved. The 27,000 900 cars now
on the road will supply essential
requirements for several years, but
only II allocated by the Government
to those who need them.
Approximately half of the autos
in use in cities of 100000 or more
could be dispensed with, despite
the growing strain on public trans
portation facilities, but only about
20 per cent could be released in
towns of $4,000 to $4,000 and only
IS per cent in rural areas. Thus,
the study said, prospects for long
war may bring the necessity of
making available to other classes Of
users many autos now owned in
urban areas.
Evening star., 1942-05-22
Training Of U. S. Commands
At Ocean City Proposed

Use Of hotel and cottage facilities
Of Ocean City, Md. favorite vaca-
ton spot for many Washingtonians,
as q training base for commandos,
Coast Guard or naval forces is sug-
gested in a plan being studied today
by Senator Tydings, Democrat, of
Maryland.
Mayor Clifford P. Cropper, Presi-
dent Charles w. Purnell Of the
Ocean City Chamber of Commerce
and President John Lynch of the
Hotel Owners Association suggested
that the Government take over the
hotels and cottages for quarters for
troops in training Senator Tydings
was asked yesterday to arrange a
conference with Army and Navy
oficials so the plan could be placed
before them of1cially.
1t was pointed out that the east
ern shores of Maryland, Virginia
and Delaware have been included in
the Third Civilian Defense Area,
where drastic restrictions have been
placed on illumination of buildings
and movement of small vessels of
the coast. This has seriously af-
fected prospects for the tourist
season.
The Marylanders suggested that
the Government take over the facil-
tiles under arrangements already in
effect at Miami Beach, Fla, where
the Army has leased many of the
leading hotels as quarters for off,
GERS attending training schools
there.
Ocean City can provide housing
Evening star., 1942-05-22
Washington Kinsman
Is Running for CONGRESS
BY the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
EPHRATA, Wash, May a.
George Washington's great-great-
NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS. is a
candidate for Congress from WASH
ington.
He is slender, ruddy-faced Nat
Washington, 28-year -old Ephrata
attorney, whose father, Nat, ST., left
the Washingtons' hereditary abode
in Virginia in the early years OF the
century.
The Washingtons trace their an
cestry to John Augustine Washing
ton, younger brother Of George.
Nat is seeking the Democratic
nomination for the 4th district seat
held by Knute Hill, veteran Demo-
crat.
Evening star., 1942-05-22
Plan 10 Use Barges
To Ease Oil Shortage
Held Least Efficient
Porten Declares Pipeline
Would Be Best Use Of
Steel Next to Tunkers

j. r. Parten, director of the
Transportation Division of the Of
fee of Petroleum Co-ordinator, told
a Senate Commerce Subcommittee
today that the least efficient use
of steel for meeting the Eastern
Seaboard oil shortage would be In
construction of barges, whereas
pipeline would provide the most ef-
ficient use next to tankers.
Mr.. Parten told the subcommittee,
investigating possibilities Of greater
use of inland waterways for petro-
leum transport, that plans to meet
a daily deficit of about $4,000 bar
rels of petroleum moving to the
East were made upon the assump-
ton that we will lose entirely our
tanker-carrying capacity serving the
East Coast by reason of the probable
diversion Of our tankers to trans
ocean service in the prosecution Of
the war;"
Roosevelt Sees Advisers.
Meanwhile, President Roosevelt
discussed the entire oil program
with his advisers on the subject,
calling in Secretary of Interior
1ckes, Secretary Of Commerce Jones,
Price Administrator Leon Hender-
son, Defense Transportation Chief
Joseph B. Eastman. Petroleum Co.
ordinator Ralph Davies and Maj.
Gen. Eugene Reybold, chief of Army
engineers.
Later, Mr.. Roosevelt was to have
a luncheon conference with Chair
man Donald M. Nelson Of the War
Production Board, from which
clearance for pipe line steel supplies
must be obtained.
Mr.. Parten told the Senate Com
mittee that construction of a pro-
posed 24-inch pipe line from Long
view, Tex, to the East Coast would
produce "the maximum transporta-
tion capacity in relationship to the
tonnage of steel involved"
Favors Florida Line.
Mr.. Parten said the co-ordinator's
office favored construction of an
8-inch or 10-inch pipe line across
Florida, originating at Port st. Joe
to a terminus on the waterway near
Jacksonville, which would carry
from 10000 to $4,000 barrels per day.
He expressed the opinion that
limitations surrounding the use of
inland barges would make it feasible
to build 24-inch line across Florida
with $50, ,0O0- barrel capacity as has
been proposed.
Evening star., 1942-05-22
Gulf Coast Ship Losses
Alarm Conqress Members

The Senate yesterday was told
that the submarine menace has
practically paralyzed" shipping
along the Gulf coast, and the House
heard one Of its members call the
rate Of sinkings alarming"
Senator Brewster, Republican, OF
Maine told colleagues ship losses In
American waters now total 100. He
was speaking during q discussion OF
whether Rear Admiral Adolphus
Andrews should be promoted to the
rank of vice admiral. The Senate
delayed final consideration on the
nomination.
Comment in the House came from
Chairman Cannon Of the Appro-
priations Committee The House
was considering legislation, which
it passed and sent to the Senate,
adding 100000 to the war-risk
insurance fund.
Mr.. Cannon said the original
SAC, 0,OO0, 900 appropriated in 1910 was
wholly inadequate"
He said that although the rate OF
sinkings has declined somewhat.
the situation Is still alarming" and
losses of America-flag vessels "are
already greater than for the entire
period of the last war"
Evening star., 1942-05-22
Mexican Presidents S
Statement on War
Expected Soon
Berlin Rejects Protest;
New Sinking Reports
Heiehten Tension
BY the Associated Press.

| 0y tae ASSOCldRQ fleSS.
MEXICO CITY, May 22.-Mex-
leo hung precariously on the
verge of an outright declaration
of war against the Axis powers
today following rejection by
Berlin Of her protest against the
sinking of a Mexican tanker of
the Florida coast last week.
While the country awaited state
ment from President Manuel Avila
Camacho, which was expected to
decide the issue within a few hours,
! tension was heightened by reports
that two more Mexican ships had
been torpedoed.
A highly placed and usually re-
liable source said the President al
ready was preparing a manifesto
asking Congress to declare war.
At the same time a former Presi-
dent, Gen. Lazaro Cardenas, COM
mander of the west coast defense
zone and probable choice for su-
preme commander Of Mexico's s
armed forces in event of war, sped
to the capital by plane ito receive
my orders from the President"
Army Reported Prepared"
Orders were issued to the COM
manders Of all other military zones
directing them to remain at their
posts, and the chief of the general
staff announced tersely that "the
army is prepared"
The country as a whole, however,
remained quiet and there were some
signs that a moderate policy would
be acceptable, though workers or
CARNATIONS consistently have voted
in their meetings for war.
A half-dozen Senators opposed to
war met yesterday to discuss a
compromise which might satisfy
Mexico's honor and still fall short
of war.
The Foreign Office announcement
disclosing that Germany had rejected
Mexico's demands for reparation for
the sinking of the tanker Potrero
del Llano said Berlin fatty declined
even to receive the note of protest.
Therefore," the announcement
said, President Avila Camacho will
decide what steps the honor and
dignity of the country demand"
Submitted Through Sweden.
The protest had been submitted
through the Swedish government,
Mexico having severed relations with
Japan, Italy and Germany last De-
cember following the Japanese
attack on Pearl Harbor.
At that time President Avila Ca
macho declared Mexico's place "for
the time being" was in the fields
and factories rather than on the
battleflelds, and Mexico has since
been pursuing policy of economic
aid to the United States.
Nine other Latin-American coun-
tries already have declared war
against the Axis and all but two Of
the South American nations-Chile
and Argentina-have severed rela-
tions with the tri-partite powers.
Evening star., 1942-05-22
Barrymore Given Chance
To Recover From Illness
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press
HOLLYWOOD, May 22.-John
Barrymore showed signs today of
rallying from a serious illness that
sent him to Hollywood Presbyterian
Hospital Tuesday.
Suffering from kidney and liver
infection complicated BY hypostatic
pneumonia, the 60-year-old actor
underwent an operation to remove
fluid from his lungs.
I'VE feel quite hopeful" DR.. Hugo
M. Kersten, his physician, said to-
day. He still has a chance to pull
through this illness"
Evening star., 1942-05-22
Douglas Macarthur, 20,
Is Aircraft Worker

By the Associated Press.
BURBANK, Calf, May 22.-Doug-
las Macarthur is building airplanes
for the United Nations.
He uses a hand drill In fuselage
assembly work on Ventura bombers
at the Vega Aircraft plant.
The great-grandfather and Gen.
MacArthur's grandfather were
brothers, the 20-year-old youth said.
Evening star., 1942-05-22
V.F.W. to Help Organize
Virqiniu Minute Men
BY the Associated Press.

BY the AS6OcIdted Preks.
RICHMOND, Va, May 22.-Serv-
ices of the AZ posts of the Virginia
department of the Veterans of For
eign Wars were offered to Gov. Dar-
den yesterday in the organization
of minute men" units. The Gov
ernor accepted the offer and prom
ised that v. F. w. members would
be called.
Inquiries for men throughout the
State have flooded the Office of Ad-
jutant-General S. Gardner Waller,
and district meetings will be con-
Quoted within the next week to COM
plete local organization.
Evening star., 1942-05-22
Representative Cullen
Stricken on Train
BY the Associated Press,

NEW YORK, May 22.-Represent-
ative Cullen, Brooklyn Democrat.
was reported in satisfactory condi-
ton at his home last night after
suffering a heart attack earlier on
a train from Washington.
The Baltimore g. Ohio Railroad
said Mr.. Cullen was stricken just
before the train reached Whining
ton. Del, but continued the trip.
Evening star., 1942-05-22
Ship
Continued From First PaRe.)

and Alfred Blake Of the Virgin
Islands.
Gun crew members missing and
believed dead were H. M. Keat, j.
E. Knox, F. j. Miller and R. A.
Miller.
Capt. Rowe, Henry R. Gore Of
Wilmington, N. c.; George w. Cor
don of Jacksonville, Fla, and Eddie
Francis of New Orleans suffered
injuries and with Trotter are in the
Marine Hospital at Galveston.
Capt. Rowe, whose home is in
Alden, Pa, said he was in the chart
room when the first torpedo struck
on the starboard side. The ship
listed suddenly and I was banged
about Like pea in shell"
The crew saw the rescue ship
about dawn last Monday.
I'VE saw wisp Of smoke on the
horizon and ran up an emergency
flag and lit flares. We also had an
old pair Of BVD's hung on a boat
hook" the captain said.
The men of the torpedoed ship all
said they would return to sea at
the first opportunity after resting a
few dayS,
Evening star., 1942-05-22
Robot Guardsman
Invented 10 Project
Defense Plants
Army OfficioIs Reported
Sold on Intereeptor
Fence Detector
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
LOS ANGELES, May 22.-L. K
Gerkey, owner Of small engineering
plant, said today he has invented
a mechanical guardsman which will
relieve some of the soldiers guarding
defense plants for front-nne wal
duty.
The mechanical guardsman, tech
nically an interceptor fence detector,
has been tested for several months
at Northrop Aircraft, Inc. Army
engineers said they were very much
sold ON this system" They explained
that 1t eliminates defects often
found In such devices as high volt
age barriers, photoelectric cells
and nicrophones.
Mr.. Gerkey's guardsman, invented
by him and a staff Of engineers at
his Telectron Engineering Co., in
stantly flashes warning to q Sec
tional sentry box and to a master
board II someone attempts to tres
pass or to cut the barrier around a
war plant.
Locates the Spot, Too.
1t not only flashes the warning,
but locates the spot of attempted
breakthrough within so feet.
1t operates automatically with a
single movement of the fence at any
point. Interceptor stations are
spaced at intervals on the fence
and connected to sectional boards
and the master board. Any number
OF sections may be linked to the mas
ter board.
II some one attempts to climb the
fence, or other barrier, a red light
flashes and warning bells ring on
both boards. The sentry in whose
section the alarm sounds rushes to
the scene, while the man in charge
OF the master board dispatches other
guards.
If the fence is cut, blue light in
stead of red flashes and a second
warning bell rings. In either case.
both the light and bell signal their
alarms until guards have investi-
gated and reported to the operator
OF the master board, who resets the
switch. Mr.. Gerkey said this makes
the system foolproof and prevents
any one getting past the sectional
guard to shut off the alarm before
other guards arrive.
Intruder Never Knows.
The trespass alarm is given if
any one merely touches the fence.
However, 1t Is so regulated that a
touch as Light as bird alighting, a
heavy wind swaying the barrier, or
expansion and contraction do not
set it of.
One of the big advantages of the
system, say Army engineers, is that
the intruder never knows he has
sounded an alarm-hence is likely to
be captured quickly.
The engineers claim the mechan-
teal guardsman greatly increases the
proficiency of human sentries :.
creates, in effect, the equivalent of
soldiers standing shoulder to shoul-
der around an incloSure.'
They say the same device could be
used in barbed wire entanglements
on the battlefield. An enemy patrol
touching the ENHANCEMENT would
sound the alarms. Defenders could
open fire on the spot indicated, re-
pulsing the patrol without rkking
loss Of life by sending out an inves-
tigating party
IT wish we'd had that in France
last time" broke in a colonel.
Evening star., 1942-05-22
ShinqIe Output Down

Production of red cedar shingles
in the first quarter Of the year, the
Census Bureau says, declined to
1,240, ,402 squares, compared with
1,330,649 In the similar period last
year.
Evening star., 1942-05-22
Admiral GhormIey
In New ZeuIond
BY the Associated Press,

By the Associated Press.
AUCKLAND, New Zealand. May
81 Delayed. Vice Admiral Robert
Lee Ghormley Of the United States
Navy arrived today to assume COM
mand Of Allied naval forces In the
South Pacific.
Evening star., 1942-05-22

for about $4,000 soldiers, Senator
Tydings was told. The officials
agreed on the plan after a joint
meeting to study the prospects OF
this years tourist season.
Evening star., 1942-05-22
Nozis Claim 20 Vessels
In Caribbean and Gulf

BERLIN From German Broad
casts, May % R.-German sub
marines have sunk 20 enemy mer-
chant ships totaling 1l1,600 tons in
the Caribbean and the Gulf of
Mexico and three others aggregat-
ing $4,000 tons in the Gulf of st.
Lawrence, the Nazi high command
announced today.
The sinkings in the st. Lawrence
a special communique said, were ex-
ecuted by single submarine which
entered the gulf 'in defiance of the
guard by numerous naval and air
forces"
Evening star., 1942-05-22
Weather Report

y
District ending by night; cooler; moderate
fresh winds
Vrgina-Cooer tonight, with showers in mountains.
Maryland-Showers, ending by night; cooler.
Evening star., 1942-05-22
Report for Last "a Hours.
ecord for Last "a Hours.

Record for Last "a Hours.
From noon yesterday to noon today
Highest, 81, 2:25 pm. yesterday. Year
Lowest, 81, 3:45 an. today. Year
ago, 65.
Record Temperature This Year.
Highest. a. on May /.
Lowest, 8, on January IL.
Weather In Various Cities
Evening star., 1942-05-22

Humidity for Last "a Hours.
(From noon Yesterday to noon today0
Highest, SO per cent, at 2:30 am.
Lowest 81 Der cent, a 2:3O pm.
Evening star., 1942-05-22
Rubber
Continued From First Pag,
NSOIltuluoO rIU1H rlIst FdScJ
panding the existing synthetic pro-
gram, Mr.. Newhall said, are:

panding the existing synthetic pro-
gram, Mr.. Newhall said, are:
/. The inability to spare critical
material like copper from the purely
military phase of the war for new
plant construction in connection
with the synthetic rubber process.
2. The transportation difficulty in
volved in the varied process which
is synthetic rubber manufacture.
I'VE are not going to let any grass
grow under our feet in the produc-
ton of synthetic rubber" Mr.. Nell
son said. Action In synthetic pro-
duction must be determined by two
elements-time and the use of crit
ical materials.
Hopes for Process Quickly.
"A lot Of grain will be used. How
much. can't say. The synthetic
program will be reviewed and re-
reviewed on the basis of using grain
alcohol. have the belief that
American chemists and American
engineers are going to find a way to
turn out synthetic rubber more
quickly than we expect it. I believe
the plants are going to produce
much more than was contemplated.
That is just q hope"
Mr.. Newhall said that "all tires
produced in 1912 and 1943 must be
used for the war unless we want the
war to last longer and to cost more
lives Of American boys. The tank
which has to run on steel treads for
lack of rubber Is 10 to 20 per cent
less efficient than the tank with rub
Der treads and means that much
more danger for the American SOL
diers."
Evening star., 1942-05-22

The Canadians announced last
week that two ships had been tor
pedoed and sunk in the st. Law
renee and indicated the possibility
that q third might have been sunk.
Evening star., 1942-05-22
Tide Tables.
Precipitation.

Monthly precipitation in inches in tht
Capital tcurrent montn TO oate)'
nx,nth 1870 Ayeraee Record.
Evening star., 1942-08-28
Duekpin Season Plans
10 Be Drawn by ;
Loops Tonight

Three leagues will make prepara-
tions for their seasons tonight. Ice
Palace Commercial meets at Chevy
Chase at 7:30 while at the same
hour Silver Spring Independent loop
will hold a session at the suburban
drives and the Prince Georges Coun-
ty Fire Department bowlers convene
at Hyattsville Recreation.
Manager Arthur Taylor Is seeking
teams and bowlers to fill Takoma
Commercial loop. Teams not exceed
ing 525 averages are eligible. julius
Singer, the Greenway Bowl pilot is
looking for teams averaging from
551 to $40 to complete q Monday
night loop and combinations with
averages from 526 to $50 to fill q
Tuesday night league.
There are several openings in tho
various leagues at Silver Spring.
Those interested should call Nam
ager Earle Stocking.
j. Arthur Walters Is the new
president Of Takoma Duckpin As
sociation League and Theodore
Raines its new vice president. Dutch
Sherbahn and Arthur Taylor again
will serve as secretary-treasurer and
scorer, respectively. The long or
ganized loop will open its season
September 8.
Evening star., 1942-08-28

pearances Of Pancho Segura, the
scampering Ecuadorean, and Jinx
Falkenburg, the model, who ran a
dead heat in pre-tournament pub
licity.
Segura was paired against En-
sign Ronald Edwards of Ithaca, N.
Y, and was expected to employ his
famous "double-forehand" to give
the ensign a fancy beating. Jinx
was considered no better than an
even bet against Mrs. Madge H.
Vosters OF Landsdowne, Pa.
Washington players impressed In
Gray, District Of Columbia cham
pion, defeated Josephine San Flip
first-round matches as Mrs. David
po Of New York, rs, 60, and Gill
bert Hunt, now an Army corporal
at Langley Field, Va, beat Ed
Moylan of Trenton, N. j., Ga, 80,
81, 81, 81.
Margaret Graham and Sara
Moore, other members Of the Wash
ington contingent, both lost. Miss
Graham was defeated by Bertha
Scott Of st. Louis, 6-3, 60, while
Miss Moore was whipped by Gloria
Thompson Of East st. Louis, ILL.,,
@1, Ga.
Evening star., 1942-08-28
Hot Bowling Battles
Loom as Stars Tilt
In Mixed Doubles
Workmons, Kings Are Out
To Repeat Wins; Ewold
Scores at Clarendon

Dorothy and Bob Workman who
stand high among the city's bowling
married couples, will be out tonight
to repeat their last weeks victory
In the second Of series Of mixed
doubles tournaments at New Recrea-
ton.
A two-thirds handicap based on .
combined scratch of $50 will be
allowed in the three-game event
which starts at o'clock.
Also of interest tonight will be the
mixed doubles attraction at Brook
land Recreation with Ruth King
and Brother-in-law Bill King seek
ing their second straight win over
the stellar duo of Ruth McClintic
and Nick Rinaldi. Action starts at
o'clock.
With gross score of 457, Howard
Ewald won the weekly Clarendon
Bowling Center handicap while Kelly
Beach was rrnnerup with 451. Moe
Meade, $50, was third; Leo Miller,
AS, fourth: Weddy Roberts and
Stuart England, 439, tied for fifth,
and l.. p. Keller, 437, was sixth. Ollie
Pacini rolled high game for men, 148,
and Mae Diehl, Ali, topped the
women.
Evening star., 1942-08-28
Naimans, Jacobsens
To Settle League
Title on Sunday

Mailman Photo and Jacobsen
Florist baseball teams will decide
the championship of the National
City Sunday A League on Sunday
when they meet in the last of a
three-game series at o'clock on the
south Ellipse.
Naiman won last Sundays tilt,
10, to even the series after Jacob
sen opened the previous week with
So triumph.
Sharing interest with this main
contest on Sunday will be the start
of the B section playoffs between
Boyle's Bar and Victory Club, first
and second-haH winners, respec-
lively. They tangle at 10:30 am. on
the south Ellipse. Also on Sunday
will be a l o'clock game on the
east Ellipse between Fort Stevens
and Police Boys Club. This is q
replay Of last weeks 3-3 Junior
League tie.