davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Arkansas State press., 1942-06-12

.husiasm shown. The morning
service was very instructive, with
Miss Early NJ. Poindexter, junior
Of Yereer High and Mrs, Tressie
Loudermilk, clerk Of Rising Star,
listed among the visitors. Short
talks were made by Mr., and Mrs.
Ellis. Plans are being made for
Identification and various pro-
gram activities are invited. Per-
sonal Mention. Mr., Leroy Wat
kins, of Chicago was deliberately
entertained by his many friends
while in the old home town. On
Sunday, May "a, Mr., Hosea Wat
kins gave a fish fry, honoring his
guest brother, with Misses Earle
Mae Poindexter, Alene Mont
gomery, Gene Davis and Alma Me
Pherson, Earthie Mae Hollings-
wor h, Willie Mae Nash,
! Mrs, Martha Shaw and Messr. O
c. West, Louis league, A. Lee
Palmore, Vernon Webb, Robert l.;
Stewart, Samuel poindeytef, Rob
ert Harris and Edd Stewart, Dr.
numbered among the guests. Mr.
and Mrs. Guss Shaw entertained
on Tuesday night at their home
with Miss Alene Montgomery and
Mrs. Shaw as hostess and CO.
hostess. The room was beauti-
fully arranged with the same group
of friends present. On Thursday
night weiner roast was given at
the home of Mr.. and Mrs, j. d
and T. civilians. Friends ex-
pressed regret at the visitors de-
parture.
AT HOME. Miss Oseeola Mont
gomefy is home after a successful
school term at Philanaer Smith
College. Mr.. Herman Wessoh
of California, graduate Of Yerger
jill School, class of Al is visiting
his sisters, Misses Charlene and
Evelyn Wesson. Miss Evelyn Yves
son was a graduate of Yerger IN
Class of Al. Friends and class
mates were very glad to see him.
c. =. l.. Delmar Carson of U. s,
Army Camp, Kansas City, Mo, is
the guest of his parents and sister
Mr.. and Mrs. Mckinley Carson
and Miss Erma c, Carson, Yerger
graduate of Al. Mr.. and Mrs.
Clifford Grump from the "City oil
Roses were the guest of the,r apth
er, Mrs. Mary Watkins =. Mr..
Joseph Washington, graduate of
Yerger Hi School, class of Al is
home visiting his parents, Rev.
and Mrs. J. s. Washington, after a
years work at NJ. and |. College,
Holly Springs, Miss. Miss
Cardell Witherspoon of Little
Rock has returned after a very
pleasant visit with her parents,
Mr.. and Mrs. Bobhle Witberspoon
| SYMPATHY. Our heartfelt
sympathy is extended the NJ C
Washington family during theil
bereavement.
! MARRIED are Miss Flor
inc Ray and Prof Marlin +. Frida
remember them?
Arkansas State press., 1942-06-12
Coal Hill News
Geo. w, West

UtO. W. West
PERSONALS Rev. W. NJ.
Gray of Little Rock was with his
congregation, Bethel AME church,
Sunday. Divine service and an Of
fetal hoard meeting We're held
Arkansas State press., 1942-06-12
"Native Son"
BY Richard Wright

atm III Of clothes. If anyone came
into the room it would seem that
he was putting his clothes away.
lie went into the closet and lis
tened.
Arkansas State press., 1942-06-12
Noted Educator TO
Speak at Wesley

On Sunday morning at II 90
O'Clock Dr., Edgar A. Love, seere-
taly Of Church Extension and Mis-
sioas Central Jurisdiction Phila-
dclpaia, Pa, will address tn group
at Wesley Chapel NJ, +. Church,
18th and State Streets. DIR. Love
Is a great preacher; hear him, The
Rev. NJ, NJ. Wilbur is pastor.
Arkansas State press., 1942-06-12

Lit lie Miss Marquette Potts
spent Sunday icre with her grand
parents, Mr. and Mrs, ]. ]. Hayes.
Misses Willie Mae Adams and
Marion Baker left Monday for
Forrest City where they will at
tend their State Sunday School
Convention. Friends are hoping
for them very ENJOYABLE trip,
Mrs, Alberta Pewclls has been
confined to bed for several days.
Friends are praying for her a
speedy recovery.
The members Of the Christian
Liberty Church wish to thank the
many friends Of the city for the
splendid cooperation given them
during their pastors sixth Ami
versary held last week.
Second Baptist Church is again
calling your attention to the In
stallation of the Rev. j. Watson
as pastor. The installation SER
mon viii be preached en- Sunday,
June II. Your presence will lie
very much appreciated.
NOTICE: Please give your news
to HerXia johnson ON or before
Tuesday noon Of each week. All
church, society and club news is
carried rec Of charge. Help us
build a bigger State PRESS.
Arkansas State press., 1942-06-12

Sunday as guest Of Rev. Fred
Gipson and his congregation. Rev.
W. c. Wills is the competent pas
tor Of st. Paul.
Evening star., 1942-03-14
Naval Aviation CIogged
Greater Authority for Flying Officers Held

cision or vastly Influenced 1t before
the battleships were in firing range
The carrier has been built notably
vulnerable in the concept that she
was a subsidiary unit of the fleet, but
it seems an inevitable evolution that
one type OF powerful carrier now
should have battleship armor, bis
ters against torpedo attacks, heavily
armored decks and bristle with anti
aircraft guns.
After the close study Of the man.
dated islands. I looked up the list
Of graduates in the classes at An
napolis which would place them now
in the 40s. 1t was revealing how
many Of the top men chose aviation
as their branch.
Army Airman Advanced.
The Army has applied the lessons
Of the war by recognizing its able
airmen. One is in command of all
the defeenses Of the Panama Canal
another Of our land and air forces
in Hawaii and another In Australia
where our bombers are giving the
japanese q lot Of trouble In New
Guinea.
While the Army Air Corps has
special missions separate from the
ground forces the naval air arm Is
more integrated with the feet. But
for this very reason, a naval airman
is trained in operations with the
fleet.
Why should not a naval airman
command such an undertaking as
have described? The Army in its
promotion by selection has raised
three airmen to be lieutenant gen.
erals, and one commander of an
Army ground force division Is only
Al. He Is major general. A naval
airman of the same age is captain.
Evening star., 1942-03-14
Pennsylvania Labor Chiefs
Urge Harmony Candidate
By tt.e Associated Press.

by tLe sSSOClhteo fresS.
HARRISBURG, Pa, March IA
Representatives Of organized labor
stepped into the Democratic primary
today with q demand for a "har-
mony" gubernatorial candidate with
"a national reputation" as the State
committee met to indorse its stand
ard bearer.
Only the name of State Auditor
General F. Clair Ross was before the
committee which has decided to
abide by its rules and support one
slate in the May 10 primary. Since
February q a group of 20 leaders
has been seeking one man agreeable
to all party factions.
James l.. McDevitt, president of
the Pennsylvania Federation of La
Dor GA. F. L. conferred last night
with half dozen men prominent
in the party and said he delivered
instructions OF the United Labor
Committee. representing the A. F. L.,
c. I. 0. and Railroad Brotherhoods
from five Eastern counties.
What labor wants." Mr.. Nc
Dewitt said. "is a liberal candidate
who would have some appeal to the
voters and who could eliminate a
factional fight in the primary"
He said there 'is a great deal of
sentiment in the labor movement
for these three men:
William c. Bullitt, former Ambas-
sador to France; Francis A. Biddle,
Attorney General. and Anthony J.
Drexel Biddle. envoy to the exiled
governments in Europe.
Evening star., 1942-03-14
The Political Mill
Definite Labor Policy Must Be Enacted
To Spur Production and Prevent InfIotion

writer today. that these condi-
tions may arise not from any lack
Of desire on the part Of labor and
management to do the job, but
because Of lack Of men and
women to fill the jobs required
for longer hours and more shifts.
Nevertheless, the law setting up
the 40-hour work week, and de-
mands for time and . half for
overtime, and double time for
work on Sunday, play their part.
Bill Bars Closed Shop.
The argument is advanced that
If legislation is enacted suspend
ing the 40-hour work week and
the overtime provisions. the big
unions which have contracts with
the concerns turning out war ma
terials will not be affected. Only
the unskilled, unorganized work.
ers, who get the lower rates OF
pay, will feel the impact.
Undoubtedly, it Is q tough nut
to crack. But this country must
have all-out production, and the
American people will demand 1t
and get 1t one way or another.
Senator Reed, Republican. Of
Kansas has just introduced q
bill which approaches one phase
of the labor problem from a new
Evening star., 1942-03-14

The Japanese appear to have
decided on a two-pronged of1en-
sive. Their attack against India
is being made mainly with land
forces from Thailand and Indo-
China and with planes based at
various points near the Bay OF
Bengal. They are counting on
the support of Indian ma
tionalists, as they did on anti
British forces in Burma.
Enemy naval forces are con-
centrating on a systematic effort
to establish themselves as close
as possible to the Australian
mainland. The islands in the
neighborhood Of Australia are
poorly defended. Few Australian
forces are stationed there because
the bulk of the dominion's trained
man power was sent early in the
war to other fields of operation,
such as the Near East.
Many Anzacs Sacrificed.
A substantial number of Aus
tralians and New Zealanders were
lost in the campaigns in Greece
and Crete. Considerable number
were killed or taken prisoner in
Malaga and Singapore. The re-
mainder Of Austraia's man power
was drafted into the army only
recently and has neither the
proper equipment nor the nee
cessary training to be considered
Q real military force.
The defense Of Australia until
a few months ago was based on
Britain's sea power. Until the
Japanese conquered Malaga and
Singapore it was believed there
could be no actual Japanese
menace to the Pacific dominion
Of Great Britain, and the entire
system of mobilization was based
on support of Britain in fields far
from home.
1t was only when the Japa-
nese began to conquer the Indies
that the Australian and New
Zealand governments became
aware that they faced invasion.
After those tragic defeats it was
also recognized at Canberra that
Evening star., 1942-03-14
By HELEN LOMBARD.

Foreign Minister Anthony Eden's
report on the Hong Kong atrocities
was considered important enough
by Washington propaganda experts
to warrant translate and short
wave broadcast in a number Of for
eign languages. The Latin Ameri-
can republics were Immediately &C
quainted with the fate to be ex-
pected by those defeated at the
hands of Christian soldiery.
And yet that hastily publicized
report or its duplicate has been in
Washington for weeks. 1t arrived
in the Capital even before the fall
of Singapore.
The British Embassy received the
account of the japanese treatment
of the civilian population of Hong
Kong from an officer who escaped
and made his way here. The word
picture, detailed and factual. was
not a pretty piece of literature.
Later reports from Singapore dupli-
Gated the horrors of Hong Kong.
1t is too early for a factual &C
count from the Netherlands Indies;
it is now known, however, that the
Japanese command has made 1t a
policy to turn its conquering soldiers
loose on open towns for three-day
reward of pillage, loot, rape and
murder. European women who tried
in Hong Kong to resist the assaults
of the Asiatic peasant soldiers were
simply killed on the spot.
Washingtonians Horrified.
Some attaches of the British En-
bassy believed that publication OF
the picture of the fate of Hong
Kong would stiffen resistance on
the part of the white men of Singa-
pore and the Netherlands Indies. 1t
is difficult to believe that the $4,000
Britishers at Singapore and the
IS 900 Dutchmen of the East In
dies reported (by the Japanese COM
muniques) to have surrendered
would have given in If they had
known the fate which awaited their
families.
Washingtonians who had pre-
view of the sack of Hong Kong were
Mortified and agreed that the story
should be broadcast to all these
fighting the japanese. On several
occasions Britishers mentioned un-
officially their astonishment at the
reluctance Of the State Department
to give wide publicity to q tale
which could only serve to harden the
resolution of all those in the path
of the Japanese tornado.
Silence Stirs Speculation.
From day to day those who heard
the Hong Kong story expected to
see 1t spread in the American press
and to hear 1t blared over the radio
Evening star., 1942-03-14

deeply concerned over the pres
ent situation. Donald M. Nelson,
head of the War Production
Board, has just publicly stated
that production lags. He said
that If all the equipment now
involved in war production were
used "a hours a day seven days
week, I'VE would practically
double the man hours being put
into military production" Leon
Henderson, price administrator,
has warned that unless there is
a check to wage increases, infla-
ton Is bound to come in a big
way.
Congress and the Executive
are turning over In their minds
what can be done to improve
production and prevent imitation.
Hours of work and wages are
deeply involved The adminis-
tration turned its back, and so
did Congress, on proposals for
wage ceilings when the price con-
troll law was enacted this winter.
A hint, at least, that there may
have been q change of opinion
in administration circles is found
in Mrs. Roosevelt's syndicated
column. MY Day" She wrote
In that column last Tuesday: Il
have come to one very clear de-
cision. namely, that all Of us
men in the services and men and
women at home-should be
drafted and told what Is the job
we are to do. 1t seems to me
there should be Immediately a
freezing of prices. of profits and
OF wages. No one can be frozen
without freezing all"
Wages Still to Be Dealt With.
The control of prices has al
ready been undertaken by law.
Profits are being dealt with and
will be still further dealt with by
taxation. Wages alone of the
three have been entirely free to
rise-the sky's the limit at pres
ent. Now there is rumor of pro-
posals to place a ceiling, by law,
on the wages of skilled and highly
paid labor, leaving common labor
free to get further increases in
pay. If the administration comes
forward with such a measure, it
will receive strong support.
interviewer also are the ques-
tions Of hours of labor, overtime
pay and the closed shop. Mr..
Nelson has pointed out that at
present many plants are working
only five or five and a half days
q week; that many of them have
no more than one shift. He
chided both management and
labor for this condition, when
production is desperately needed.
1t is true, however, as Senator La
Toilette OF Wisconsin said to the
Evening star., 1942-03-14
Eligibility Dispute Delays
District Court Merqer

The District court merger bill, al
though passed by both houses, still
is being held up by the dispute over
eligibility Of non-residents for ap-
pointment to the bench of the COM
bined Municipal-Police Court and
to the new Court of Appeals.
After Senator Tydings. Democrat
of Maryland, had secured a Senate
amendment extending eligibility to
any lawyer practicing in District
courts and living within 10 miles of
District boundaries, the conferees
for the two branches accepted a
compromise, requiring that eight Of
the 10 lower court judges and all
three of the appellate judges be
Washingtonians This would have
permitted appointment of two out
Siders to the lower court.
The conference agreement has not
been called up in the House. and
there is said to be talk of further
compromise to permit one outsider
on the Court of Appeals.
Evening star., 1942-03-14
Hong Kong Atrocities Reported
Known in Capital for Weeks
Escaped Officers Told Halifax Who Couldn't
Decide on Place of Disclosure, Writer Says

When no whisper came there was
speculation as to the cause of the
suppression. 1t was, some observers
decreed, another instance of what
has been dubbed the "Biddle of the
road" policy by impatient Washing
tonians, intolerant of the use OF
habeas corpus by enemy citizens.
The mystery was solved Tuesday
when State Department officials
scanned for the first time Mr.. An
thony Eden's rendition of the re-
port before the House of Commons
1t appears that when the report was
handed to Lord Halifax the British
Ambassador was uncertain as to the
proper place, here or London, for
its publication.
The State Department was never
given full account, though the
Ambassador spoke falteringly and
rather vaguely on several occasions
to high American officials about
"unmentionable" things which had
gone on in Hong Kong.
Anthony Eden read the account
on the floor of the House of Com
mons. But in the meantime the bell
had tolled for both Singapore and
Java.
(Relessed by the Bell Syndicate. Inc)
Evening star., 1942-03-14

preme effort to help the Nazis
win victory before winter sets
in again. The French are being
urged to hand over their fleet.
and 1t is feared in responsible
diplomatic quarters that this will
be done shortly. The Bulgarians,
who have an army Of at least
100000 men, with a potential Of
another 200, 900, are being armed
to fight the Turks, while the
Rumanians and Hungarians have
received large quantities Of mod
ern equipment to prepare their
forces for an all-out attack
against either the Turks or the
Russians. These forces are not
particularly reliable, but when
they are boxed" with German
units ready to shoot II they at
tempt to revolt, it is believed the
Hungarian and the Rumanian
armies will be useful.
The curtain is due to rise in the
Mediterranean in q short while.
Japanese victories In the last
three months have been only the
prologue to the drama.
Evening star., 1942-03-14
This Changing World
Curtoin About to Rise on Synehronized Drives
Against Russio, Australia and the Middle Eost

British naval power was no
longer an adequate shield against
the Japanese.
Nazis Seek . Decision.
Although Japanese invasion
forces suffered serious losses
Thursday at the hands Of Aus
tralian-American aviation, the
sinking Of half dozen transports
is not considered sufficient to pre-
vent the Jap high command from
completing the task 1t has set for
itself. At Macassar the Japanese
lost heavily, but this did not pre-
vent their conouering the Neither
lands Indies.
Unless the American contribu-
tion to the defense OF Australia
Is really substantial and consists
of more than one or two divi-
sions, there is no question that
our friends down under" will
have a hard time in the near
future.
The Nazis, according to all re-
ports reaching Washington, are
preparing a large-scale offensive
within the next few weeks. They
will endeavor to obtain decision
against Britain and Russia this
year If possible. before America
has completed its military prep
arations. Even If they fail in
this, they expect at least to dis
lodge the British from the Medi-
terranean and to conquer the
rich oil fields Of Iraq. Moreover,
they hope to induce the Turks.
either by argument or force. to
open the Dardenelles to the Ger
man fleet so 1t may attack Russia
through the Black Sea.
Pressure on French.
All the Reich's allies have now
been requested to make a su-
Evening star., 1942-03-14

angle. His bill makes it a crime
to deny any person a job on
work for the Government be-
cause he or she Is not member
of a union If his bill should be
enacted, there would be no such
thing as closed shop where
Government work is being done.
Senator Reed makes a distinction
between work done for private
employers and work done for
the Government. He himself
runs a closed print shop in his
home city, Parsons, Kans.. and
has done so for years. Public
policy, he insists, demands that
no man or woman be prevented
from working for the Govern
ment, especially on contracts for
war production, II he or she is
competent and an American cit
izen.
FarReaching Effect.
Since the majority Of the
workers Of the country either are
or will be employed on work for
the Government, either directly
or through contracts with pri-
vate concerns, 1t is clear that
the enactment of the Reed bill
into law would be far-reaching.
1t has been charged, and proven,
that men have been compelled
to join unions time without num-
Der before they can 60 to work
on war contracts for the Gov
ernment. They have been COM
PEELED at the same time to pay
high initiation fees for permis-
sion to join the unions.
1t is apparent that the time is
overripe for a definite labor pol
icy to be established by the ad-
ministration, If production is to
be lacked up and imitation is to
be prevented. Anti-strike legis-
lation has been suggested-even
passed by the House. Nothing
has been done about inflationary
wages, although when the price
control bill was before the House
strenuous efforts were made to
include wages in that measure.
Evening star., 1942-03-14

planes II IL e WA
expansion of our air program.
The elders should be perfectly
aware that naval aviation will be
the pioneer force in the great de-
cisive offensive which will win the
war with Japan by cutting her OF
in her home waters from the con-
quests in the Southwest Pacific.
Admiral Thomas c. Hart, on his
return from Java, confirmed the
view that Japanese success-which
now threate Australia-was
largely due to establishing air bases
In one island for bombing United
Nations air bases in the next island.
1t is an incontrovertible fact that
no land based bomber has a range
of more than 300 miles with full
bomb load under the most favorable
weather conditions. That Of the
bomber on an aircraft carrier Is
about 500 miles.
To reach the outlying fortified
island of the 2,500-mile stretch in
Japanese inundated group, we have
to go twice the range Of land
based bomber. We can depened only
on carrier bombers for the Soften
ing" of the enemy bases, which we
would make our own in such step
by step forward movement as
Japan's in the Southwest Pacific.
Planes Protect Fleet.
Meanwhile, the carrier bombers
and fighters are protecting the car
rier and accompanying warships and
transports from enemy bombers.
Once enemy resistance is sufficiently
broken, the warships may approach
the objective within gun range, and
under the cover of their fire and
that Of the dive bombers, troops and
materiel can be landed as the next
step in the job of occupation.
Nor Is that all in provisional prep
aration and action. On a large-scale
map the inundated islands show up
as roughly distributed in series Of
lines, or ramparts, as 1t were, north
and south, transversing the westerly
direction Of our advance.
One tier is within the range Of
land-based aircraft in the next
tier. Therefore. one detail of car
riers must get in range of any air
bases in the next tier and blast them
as the Japanese bombers blasted our
airdromes in Hawaii. at Cavite and
others in their progress. for other
wise, the land-based planes in the
next tier will be pounding us as we
try to make ourselves secure in the
captured base.
Must Guard Flanks.
At the same time we must guard
our flanks from enemy carrier and
fleet attack, in which land based
planes can be a most vital adjunct.
All this Is in the well-advertised
Japanese pattern and strategy
which was not new when Julius
Caesar besieged walled towns Sue
cess depends upon surprise, timing
and all-round clockwork efficiency.
Battleships are given to hugging
their harbors behind steel nets as
precaution against submarine at
tack, as they were in the first World
War until the British and German
fleets came out for the battle Of Jut-
land. But in any such great feet
battle today, the bombing and tor
pedo planes might have won the de-
Evening star., 1942-03-14
Bor Units to Hear Talk
On MiIitory Law

Maj. Tom H. Barratt of the Judge
Advocate Generals Office will ad-
dress a Joint meeting of the Com
mittee on Military and Naval Law
of the American Bar Association
and the Federal Bar Association at
the Mayf1ower Hotel at pm We'd
nesday. He will discuss Military
Reservations - Functions of the
Judge Advocate General of the
Army"
Plans also are being made for the
annual conference of the Federal
Bar Association April 13 in the
auditorium of the National Archives
DR.. HUI Shih, Chinese Ambassador
will be the principal speaker.
Evening star., 1942-03-14
Americunizution Unit
To Study First Aid

Thirty members of the American
ization School, Tenth and H streets
NV, will begin Red Cross training
in nutrition and first aid Tuesday
under the direction of Mrs. Theo-
dore Leary, nutritionist Of the local
chapter.
In addition, it was announced that
home nursing classes will be con-
Quoted from 10 am. to l pm
Wednesdays and Fridays at 2o20
Massachusetts, avenue NV. The
course will last six weeks.