davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Daily Alaska empire., 1942-03-28

shop to the Royal Typewriter Con- pany and the combined store will be under the charge of Miss Mary Stewart.
 New hours will be observed in the new store which will be open. from 10 o'clock in the morning until 11;30 o'clock and from 1230 o'clock until D. m.
 Cabinet work and alterations were done by the Krafft's Manufact- uring Company, and the new store will be open for business on Mon- day.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1942-03-28

MACARTHUR HONORED BATAVIA, N. Y.--The Batavia baseball field has been renamed Macarthur Field.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1942-03-28

DIR. RAE LILLIAN CARLSON
 Local optometrist has returned to Juneau. Eyes examined, broken lenses replaced. Blomgren Bldg, Phone 636.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1942-03-28
ROYAL TYPEWRITER COMPANY FAKES OVER
 BARAN0F BOOK SHOP

The Baranof Lending Library and Book Shop and Royal Type writer Company in the Baranof Hotel are to combined with dis play rooms occupying the present book shop location and also the space next to it formerly leased to the Nugget Shop
 Mrs. John Newmarket has sold her interest in the library and book
The Daily Alaska empire., 1942-03-28
COMPLETE
 FIRST AID STUDY

The First Aid class held at Doug las school during the past two months under direction of Mrs. Glen Kirkham and Holgar Larsen examinations were given and class was finished yesterday when final disbanded.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1942-11-22
SECRETARY HULL'S PATIENCE PAYS DIVIDENDS
Prepared Groundwork for North African Success

The last of our log cabin statesmen
prepared much of the groundwork for
our success in French North Africa.
Secretary of State Cordell Hull, son
of Tennessee logger, is to the
rest Of the world our outstanding ex-
ample of the think and -first-before-
talking -about-it type Of mind which has
been notable product of the American
frontier.
He is the man who figured out when
France fell that there was still much to
be salvaged for democracy from the
wreck.
The occupation of Algiers and Morocco
climaxed two and half years of difficult
and often uncomfortable diplomacy
directed by the white haired mountaineer
who guides our foreign policy.
Execution Of such policy, involving
long-range vision and steadfast adher-
ence to essential purpose, is the kind Of
job Cordell Hull likes and does best.
Policy Paid Dividends.
Results this time: Admiral Francois
Darlan ordered all resistance to cease in
French North Africa after 76 hours Of
American assault, and came over to the
Allied side. Gen. Henri Honore Giraud,
Frances military Houdini and popular
idol, was on hand to take over admins
tration Of this new base for Allied
counterthrust against the Axis.
Still water ran deep IN the hills around
Olympus. Tenn, where Mr.. Hull was
born, and he never has been much of a
talker.
Now just past his list birthday, he
has been Secretary of State longer than
any predecessor. Somewhere, during q
lonely boyhood, he developed distinctive
processes of thought which today make
his name abroad synonymous with Amer
lean keenness and integrity. Like
Abraham Lincoln, he was born in q log
cabin
At his press conferences newspapermen
see frail man, stopped to little less
than his natural feet II inches. More
often than not Mr.. Hull just asks for
questions. He answers, in the drawl Of
his native Tennessee, with no hesitation
even when the boys have figured out
queries with hooks in them. If Mr.. Hull
ever has given anything away, the news
papers haven't printed it.
Gave Up Poker.
He is no longer poker player, and few
people know he was captain in Cuba
during the Spanish American War. But
a reQimenta1 victim rccol1s.
He could look sad and beautiful and
humble while he held four Of kind,
ttmidly and carefully betting against
other soldiers fun houses"
He won three-quarters Of al the
money In the regiment. and then. he
says, Il gave 1t all back"
What constitutes the right seems clear
to Cordell Hull - 1t does to . few con-
temporary minds. his Life u . record q
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1942-11-22
Flank Opened
Allied Supply Lines Are
Shortened
By John Grover.

When Winston Churchill said the
United States occupation of North Africa
exposed "the soft underbelly Of the Axis"
to attack, it was a conservative and we'll
judged estimate of Allied gains.
Gen. 'Ike" Eisenhower's brilliantly ex-
ecuted coup hands the Allied strategists
wide choice Of offensive possibilities.
The Axis is vulnerable anywhere from
the toe of the Italian boot northward
along the north Mediterranean coast to
the Spanish border Of France.
1t is $50 airline miles from Perpignan
to the Straits Of Messina. As the coast
meanders, it gives Hitler 1900 miles more
to add to the vast defense lines he must
man and supply. The military idiots"
he scored in his alibi speech have added
the most serious headache yet concocted
to the Fuehrer's burgeoning troubles.
Bares Axis Flank.
That the American offensive bares the
most vulnerable Axis flank to attack is
attested by the speed with which Hitler
junked the French armistice agreement
and scurried down to garrison the French
Mediterranean coast
1t Is unlikely, however, that fortifica-
tons begun at this late date can ever
match the defensive effectiveness of the
emplacements Hitler has been labori-
ously constructing on the French At
lantic and Norwegian coasts since June,
1910.
The invitingly fiat French coast from
Marseille to Perpignan must be guarded
with hastily erected Notifications.
The islands Of the Mediterranean of
the vulnerable French and Italian coasts
also must be giving the Axis high COM
mand nightmares.
Sardinia, Corsica and Sicily lie too
close to the Axis vitals for comfort. Any
one of them, occupied by Allied troops,
would be an Axis disaster. These islands
already are menaced from Algerian
coastal positions held by Americans.
Key Point to Strategy.
The Tunisian hump" that constructs
the waist of the Inland Sea is the key
point in Western Mediterranean STRAIT
egg. United Nations control would hold
the island stepping stones to the north
shore in jeopardy.
To Americans, accustomed to thinking
in terms of the $4,000 and 15,OOO-mile
supply lines that have been our greatest
bugaboo in prosecuting the war, the pic
ayune distances involved in the Western
Mediterranean are welcome surprise.
It's less than 500 land miles from Mar.
seille to Algiers. From Cape Bon to Sicily
is 80 miles and it's only miles from
Sicily to the toe of the Italian boot.
Sardinia and Corsica are similarly sit
uated, just skip and jump from the
mainland. From land we hold already,
the whole coast is within easy bomber
distance. From Tunisia a regular bomb.
er ferry service could be established.
All the distances are relatively short
to any point selected for concentration
OF our attacking forces. There are doz-
ems of likely points for attack on the
sprawled northern coastline and the
islands. Hitler must guard them all and
must weaken some other front to do it,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1942-11-22
PHILIPPINES STILL EXPECT FREEDOM IN 1916
Quezon Jops Ceremonies
ByJa G. Wingo

The Philippine Commonwealth has al
most completed the ninth year of the IL
year period set by the United States
Government preparatory to its assump-
ton of complete, absolute independence.
The Japanese now occupy the entire
Philippines but so far as the American
and Philippine governments are con-
cerned, the japanese have not stopped
the Commonwealth clock. The time al
lotted for Philippine independence prep
aration continues to run.
Only by mutual agreement between
the United States and the Philippines
can the Commonwealth clock be stopped
Today there is no inclination on the part
of Washington nor of the Philippine
Commonwealth government in exile here
to propose any change in the original
program. President Roosevelt last win
ter promised the Philippine people
solemnly that independence would come
as scheduled, and President Manuel l..
Quezon arrived in Washington last
spring to establish skeleton Common
wealth government mainly for the pur-
pose of maintaining the continuity OF
the Philippine Commonwealth In
American and Filipino eyes the Jap
anese invasion is just an interlude in
the life of the Commonwealth, which is
as determined as ever to be free and in
dependent.
The United States, too, has more rea-
sons than ever to see the Philippines re-
covered and its independence granted
and guaranteed. America, as the cham
pion of the Atlantic Charter, has often
regarded the preparation of the Philip
pines for an independent status as one
of its greatest achievements. The
Philippines is pointed to as proof OF
Americas altruistic attitude toward
other peoples aspirations to be free.
Proof of U. S. Intentions.
The Philippines record under the
United States and its future following
the islands redemption from the Jap
anese are looked upon by the other peo-
pies of Asia and the Pacific as proof of
the honest intentions of the colonial
powers among the United Nations. Moth
ing will strengthen their faith and con-
fldence in the postwar envisioned by
the Atlantic Charter more than the ar
rival Of Philippine independence on
schedule.
The Philippine example and its impact
upon the Atlantic Charter was much in
the minds OF three United Nations chiefs
of state this afternoon when they join
In half-hour worldwide radio broad
cast observing Philippine Commonwealth
day. President Roosevelt spoke from the
White House, Mexico's President Manuel
Avila Camacho from Mexico City and
President Quezon before large dip
lomatic gathering at Washingtons Shore
ham Hotel.
The inclusion of the Mexican President
n this celebration has extensive his
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1942-11-22

ing the winter for rest and re-equipment.
Workmen called away from factories for
army service last spring could be re-
turned to their benches and lessen the
need OF bringing in foreign workers.
But" to quote Brig. Gen. H. S. Sewell,
military expert of the British Informa-
ton Service here, who up to date has
proved the best analyst of all the strate-
gists here, 1T looks as If this scheme
was likely to fall through. Hitler in his
recent speech at Munich said that he
had wanted to cut the traffic on the
Volga at Stalingrad and had done so.
This speech was made on November 8.
The fighting still goes on.
ION November 6, Stain announced
that Germany has 256 divisions left, of
which 179 were on
Germon Troops the Russian front.
WideIy Spread We know that at
least four German di-
visions are in Egypt. Czechoslovakia is
said to need 10 German divisions to hold
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1942-11-22

elected overwhelmingly for a second
term. Their Nationalist party won all the
"a seats in the newly-revived Philippine
Senate and almost every seat in the
lower house But the new bicameral
Legislature never met. The Japanese ar
rived in the midst of elaborate prepara-
lions for Quezons second Inauguration,
War Clouds Darker Horizon.
On November Is, 1941, Gen. Douglas
Macarthur, Quezon's long time military
adviser, recalled to active service in the
United States Army, had been for three
months the commander of the American
armed forces in the Far East Although
it was generally believed that Japan ap-
parently begged down in China, would
not for at least several months more
take on any new opponent, war clouds
had begun to darken the blue skies CT
the Southwest Pacific Filipino leaders,
especially President Quezon, again and
again reiterated their loyalty to the
United States and warned aggressors
that they would find the Filipinos fight
ing on the American side until victory
was won.
American armed forces had begun ar
irving in the Philippines in large num-
bers. The Philippine Army had been in
corporated into MacArthurs command
An unnamed high military authority
disclosed that the combined American
Filipino forces under Gen. Macarthur
would reach approximately $4,000 off,
GERS and men by the end OF 194l. But the
japanese struck three weeks before the
years end, when the rest Of the some
100000 Macarthur trained Filipino re-
servists had to be called to immediate
service, relatively unprepared as they
were. The number Of American casual
ties has been ofacially disclosed, but the
extent of the Filipino sacrifice probably
will remain unknown until the war Is
over.
Sixteen days after the first japanese
attack on the Philippines, Gen. Mac
Arthur had to order President Quezon
and High Commissioner Francis Sayre
to evacuate Manila for the nearby island
fortress of Corregidor. Mr. Quezon later
revealed that whether or not to remain
with his people, come what may, was one
Of the most difficult decisions he had to
make. His inclination was to stay with
the people. who had long kept him In the
highest place Of ofncial honor and Ger
sonal esteem any Filipino can expect to
attain.
In the wilds Of Corregidor, President
Quezon began his second term on De-
cember 80. His Inauguration this time
before only few friends was q strik-
ing contrast to his first, when some
$4,000 people, including the Vice Presi-
dent Of the United States, the Speaker
Of the House Of Representatives, the
Secretary Of War. II United States Sen
ators and n Consressmen. and large
delegation Of American Journalistic. saw
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1942-11-22

American air forces we're busy. Medium
bombers blasted enemy installations at
Rabaul, on New Britain Is
FiohtinQ land, the Japanese base for
Is Bitter both the New Guinea and
Solomons operations. The
New Guinea fighting, correspondents re-
port, is of the bitterest sort between
troops on both sides we'll trained in the
difficult techniques of jungle warfare.
The defenders of Guadaicanal were
not resting while the great naval victory
was being won, Navy communique re-
veals Early in the week they killed half
of japanese force of $500 which was
threatening their positions to the east
of Henderson Field. Now all the enemy
has been driven back into the jungle
where he many continue to hold on in
definitely, as long as food and water can
be obtained. There is little purpose, 1t
is explained, in attempting to rid the
back of the jungles of the big island of
the Japanese While they stay there
they are at the worst, nuisance. It
would be costly operation to clean
them out entirely.
A little OF the confusion which at
tended early accounts of the sea battle
was cleared up as the Navy received
more complete details during the week.
At first it was reported % japanese ships
had been sunk. Then more were added.
1t was not clear whether there might not
have been Implications. They actually
were not, Secretary Knox says, so the
number of enemy losses now stands at %.
The present whereabouts of the enemy
fleet is not reported, but it obviously is
nursing very serious wounds which came
near proving fatal.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1942-11-22
By James d. White.

adherence to carefully thought-out pur-
pose.
AS soon as he learned there was such
a thing as democracy-call it politics,
government, administration, or what you
hke-he made up his mind. He helped
elect Governor when he was II, was
admitted to the bar at the age of 10, and
by 81 was in the Tennessee State Legis-
lature.
Back from the Spanish American War,
he became ledge" Hull, then in 1907
went to Congress for IA years.
In Washington he became known as
an authority on taxes and an advocate of
free trade. He helped draft the first
income tax bill, and his faith In his con-
victions resulted in his voting a tariff
bill that would have enriched his own
State. ousted in the Harding landslide
OF 1920, he became chairman of the over
Swallowed Democratic party for two
years, and then returned to Congress as
Representative from Tennessee.
Drafted by Roosevelt.
He was Senator Hull for two years be-
fore Franklin D. Roosevelt drafted him
to become Secretary Of State in 1888.
He was comparatively unknown, and
suffered q setback when his particular
pet, the London Economic Conference,
came to nothing.
But Mr.. Hull saw farther and clearer
than the men who scuttled that effort
to remedy the worlds ills and thereby to
avert another war. Back In the State
Department there was some talk behind
closed doors. Other men went out;
Corden Hull stayed
Unable to reform international eco
nomics Wholesale. he attacked them
piecemeal, and his success in carrying
out our good neishbor policy with the
rest Of America was due to network
Of reciprocal trade pacts which Washing-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1942-11-22

ton observers believe few others would
have had the vision to conceive or the
partience to carry out.
Mr.. Hull early called the turn on the
Axis. He branded the japanese as BAN
dts" IN 1887 when the attacked China,
and was one of the first to realize that
Germany under Hitler meant to con-
quer the world.
Worked With Patience.
Foreseeing inevitable war, he concern
trated on gaining time for national pre-
paredness. The break with Japan might
have come much sooner-and with Ger
many, too-had not the Hull patience.
vision and poker face been on our side.
On November q, 1941, he informed
the President that war with Japan was
finally inevitable and might come at any
moment. How he abandoned diplomatic
language on December 7 and treated
japanese ENJOYS Nomura and Kurusu to
some native Tennessee verbiage as they
scuttled out Of the State Department is
now legend around those musty CORR.
doris.
Many times branded as an appeaser
OF the despised Laval regime, Secretary
Hull has worked with characteristic
patience and foresight, since the fall of
France, to use to the utmost the ira
ditional bond between the people of that
stricken republic and ourselves.
Accomplishments With France.
He kept American diplomats at Vichy.
long after it took nothing but German
orders, to accomplish these things:
/. Obtain vital information IN what
was virtually German occupied terri
tory
2. Keep the idea of freedom alive in
France.
3. Keep French friends and encourage
anti Hitlerism.
4. Watch French collaboration with
Germany.
5. Prepare the background for an in
vasion Of the Mediterranean.
The world knows how that policy has
benefited the United Nations.
Mr.. Hull lives quietly in a Washington
hotel. His health is not perfect and in
recent years he has taken two vacations
to recover from the effects Of the long
hours he works.
Back Of our foreign policy there Is q
Hull statement which runs:
1.-THE first Qesson Of history is that
mans innate striving for freedom cannot
be extinguished :. the second Is that
liberty Is truly won only when 1t Is
guarded by the same watchfulness. the
same courage, the same willingness to
fight for 1t which first secured It."
To one American, back after years In
troubled foreign parts where our policy
was on trial, Mr.. Hull IS, with the ex-
ception Of our President. one Of our few
high of1cials whose public statements
and applied policy have invariably re-
fiected the dignity and vision which Z
Like to think my country stands fer"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1942-11-22

it down and Poland an equal number.
Mr.. Churchill has stated that 80 German
divisions are in the west. There are
some 100000 German troops in Norway.
I'm any case, now that Unoccupied
France has to be overrun and prepara-
lions made to meet possible Allies
thrust from North Africa, there will be
very little left of Germany's strategic
reserve.
Stain has promised that the Red
Army will fulfill with honor its task of
using its offensive power in the east to
assist the efforts of the Allies in hasten
ing the final victory. This means that
Hitler cannot afford to withdraw many
divisions from the Russian front. All
around the perimeter of the circle the
Nazis see their enemies gathering"
So, In the belief Of Gen. Sewell, Hitler
faces his day OF reckoning. The cause
of democracy-in other words, the cause
OF common decency in this world, re-
CARELESS of its political label-has seen
the sun rise.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1942-11-22
By James G. Wingo.

torical background Mexico and the
Philippines were sister states in the one
time worldwide Spanish Empire, and
until 1913 the Spanish Governor General
of the Philippines was responsible direct
ly to the Spanish Viceroy in Mexico.
These two countries were also admitted
as members of the United Nations on the
same occasion last summer. President
Quezon, the enthusiastically welcomed
guest of the Mexican government in 1887,
is a great admirer of Mexico, whose
people include many descendants Of
Filipinos engaged in the famous Manila
Acapulco galleon trade of Spanish times.
The 10h year preindependence period
set by the United States Congress for
the Philippines was calculated to give
time to the Filipinos to adjust their
economic and trade relations with other
countries, especially the United States.
Japanese occupation of the Philippines
was not anticipated by the American
lawmakers Of the early 1905. The man
ner in which the Filipinos met this un-
expected event has won universal praise
Filipinos Fought valiantly.
The Japanese invasion turned out to
be the supreme test for Filipino capacity
for self-government. Filipinos fought
valiantly with Americans against the
invaders until the bitter end, and today
Filipino guerrillas are still carrying on
the war In the Philippines. Seemingly,
even the Japanese recognize the Tlipinos'
determination to keep their country for
themselves, for the invaders have not
stopped telling the natives that Japan's
only purpose In occupying the Philippines
is to free the islands from United States
domination.
When the Commonwealth seventh
year began, President Quezon and Vice
President Sergio O6mena had Just been
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1942-11-22

The picture of the African coup be-
came somewhat clearer during the week.
The project, it is now understood, was
conceived by Mr.. Roosevelt, approved by
the Combined Staff Committee which
sits in Washington, and the preliminary
planning was carried out in Great
Britain
Gen. Eisenhower is In supreme COM
mand. Admiral Darian is in command
of the French civil administration in
North Africa. and the aged Gen. Giraud
is in command of the French Army al
ready In being, and about to be raised,
IN Algeria. The French Gen. Nogues ap-
pears to have returned to his post in
Casablanca and it Is presumed will work
IN cooperation with American troops in
Morocco.
Tunis, Of course, is different matter.
1t is evident that the Axis must make a
stand IN this last and most important
stretch Of the North African coast
In Libya the Axis armies continued to
retreat towards Ell Agheila and were last
reported to be pass
KommeI ing through Antelat,
BoreIy Escapes more than IS miles
which the Germans announced they had
abandoned. Rommel's rear guard was
said to have avoided possible encircle-
ment by flying British column.
For the time being, it appears, Rommel
has barely been able to escape without
complete destruction feat in itself
which called for no mean generalship.
Despite the African situation, the Axis
does not seem to have relaxed it's pres
sure on Russia to an appreciate degree.
Throughout the week fierce fighting,
most OF 1t resulting in German reverses,
took place in the streets of Stalingrad
itself and in the Caucasus.
Some observers believe that Hitler still
has hopes of bringing the Russian cam
paign to successful conclusion this win
ter and is willing to pay heavily for this
objective. The original intention prob
ably was TO establish defensive line in
the east with minimum of men so
that the armies could be withdrawn dur