davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1942-11-16

tegic policy In the United States
and Britain is controlled absolutely
by President Roosevelt and Prime
Minister Churchill, but neither has
authority over the other. Churchill
cannot give orders to the stats of
the various dominions. Mr.. Roose-
welt. it Is declared, has never been
known to go against the counsel of
his professional advisers, but the
same cannot be said Of Mr.. Church.
| Ill.
Task Too Enormous.
Russia and China operate almost
entirely on their own, as Japan does
inside the Axis. Expert opinion in
Washington is now veering away
from the notion Of a supreme COM
Misunderstanding OF one man or a
stan-for the United Nations. The
| task is too enormous and varied,
for one thing. For another, it would
appear illogical to combine Russia
and China, which are fighting a
fixed war of positions. with Britain
and the United States, which have
the sole available mobile force and
are the only powers with capacity
and resources for fighting on many
| fronts.
But an overall United States
United Kingdom command is
thought to be not merely feasible
but inevitable. In fact, steps to-
ward this end have been among
the outstanding developments since
Pearl Harbor. The two governments
have set up a Combined Raw Ma
terials Board, Combined Shipping
Board and particularly the COM
| blned chiefs Of staff, consisting of
top-ranking sea, air and ground
commanders from both nations.
The combined chiefs of staff,
however. is declared to have func-
toned less as strategic executive
than as committee in which tacti-
cal differences are ironed out-so
much SO that British newspapers
have suggested the appointment of
Gen. Marshall as commander in
chief of Anglo-American operations
as soon as these begin in earnest
on the European continent.
Like criticism has been made
against the United States Joint
chiefs of stan, which holds the
same position with regard to the
American armed services as the
combined chiefs of staff occupies
with respect to the United States
and Britain. 1t was composed orig
inally of Gen. Marshall and Admiral
King, with 1t. Gen. Arnold, chief
of the Army Air Forces, as associate
member. When Admiral Leahy be-
came chairman, as chief of staff
to the President, it was thought that
at last the armed forces had ac-
quired a top strategic commander
Although some doubts were sub
sequently expressed on this point ii
now appears that Leahy's power
is in the ascendant, Reports which
should be well-founded have 1t
that there never has been a show
of hands among the joint chiefs or
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1942-11-16

sources for only q single front, that
in Russia.
Airplane factories in the United
States are 50 planned that produce
ton of current models can be main
tanned while assembly lines for new
models are being prepared. It is
believed the Germans cannot do
this. They are thought to have
the dificult choice of continuing to
make obsolescent craft or stopping
production until new lines can be
brought In. They must take the
pain of the gap" it was declared.
Their difficulty is ascribed in part
to labor and material shortages, but
mostly to deficiency of machine tools
and inferiority in the know how"
of quantity production.
Germany's manpoWer dif1iculties
were glaringly Illuminated by the
desperation Of It's effort to recruit
forced labor in France. Nazi
brutality has built up mountain
OF loathing throughout occupied
Europe. Millions of victims are
potential reinforcements for the
Allies.
The excellent quality of American
fighting men of all services has been
demonstrated In actual combat. At
the battle of Midway Island, on
mission known to be suicidal, United
States airmen surpassed even the
boasted fatalism of the Japanese.
Russia Looked Ahead.
Despite the most frantic exertions,
Germany in 1912 has conquered less
than one-fourth as much Russian
territory as it overran in 1941.
Owing to early harvesting in the
Don valley, a substantial portion of
the grain crop was removed before
the Germans arrived. Also, millions
OF virgin acres in Central and
Eastern Russia were ordered to the
pillow in the spring of 1912.
Since threat of war with Japan
arose in 1882, the Soviet Govern
ment has been multiplying factories,
arsenals, mines and electrical cen
tiers from the European side of the
Urals to Siberia, beyond Hitler's
reach. Greater than that of the
whole Caucasus is Russias oil
potential of 100000, 900 tons be-
yond the Volga and the Urals. This
potential has been developed fever
ishly since 1899. Experts hold that
instead of being fatally crippled, the
Soviet Union in 1913 will at least
be able to continue defensive war.
The richest dividend paid by the
good neighbor" policy to date was
Brazil's entrance into the war late
in August. This made available for
the United Nations, as an air and
military base, the eastward jutting
bulge" OF Brazil which is only 1900
miles from Vichy-controlled Dakar.
On the other hand, the global
cause of the Allies is handicapped
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1942-11-16

by grievous infirmities, among which
are dispersion of United Nations
strength and absence Of supreme
command. The first Is declared to
be our most calamitous weakness,
but one which nobody knows how
to avoid. The second means that
no professional organization exists
IN the United Nations with author
ity to originate and enforce strategic
policies for global warfare.
Geography has scattered anti
Axis strength all over the earth,
without SUFFICIENT force in any area
as yet, with the exception of North
Africa. to drive home an offensive
operation. Decentralization afIlicts
every aspect Of the war-naval YES
sells, troops, merchant shipping and
combat and transport aviation. In
short, the Allies up to the present
have been trying to fight a world
wide war without worldwide equip
ment.
Ships Still Lacking.
Even ii we had the equipment,
there are not enough merchant
ships to transport 1t, not enough
escort boats to convoy the maritime
fleets and not enough warships and
airplanes to back up the convoys.
Germanys power is coiled COM
pactly in Europe, but the United
Nations, with sea, air and military
superiority, have been able as yet
to focus that superiority in only
one area-North Africa.
The same is true of industrial
strength. Axis production is massed
in Europe, chiefly in Germany.
That of the Allies is spread far
about the globe. in the United
States, Russia, China, the United
Kingdom, India, Canada, South
Africa and Australia. This may
or may not be an advantage.
Except for the abandonment of
certain theaters-for instance, Aus
traea and China-the only answer
to this situation appears to be that.
which is being attempted today in
Great Britain and the United
States, arsenal of the democracies. I"
This is the superhuman task of
heaping up such mountains of i'm
plements and munitions, and such
colossal marine and air armadas,
that all secondary fronts can be
safely guarded, while overmastering
strength is flung against Hitler on
the African and European CONT
nents. The trouble is that Japan,
first-rate military power in every
respect, is not likely to wait to be
held while Germany is disposed of.
Using Hitler as a symbol, the
German general staff not only rules
its own forces but those of all its
allies except Japan. If an Italian,
Rumanian, Hungarian or Finn dis
obeys, the Nazis shoot him. Stra-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1942-11-16
McCIinfock Named Head
i0f Mutual broadcastinq
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
CHICAGO, Nov. 16.-The appoint
ment of Miller McClintock Of New
York, 48-year-old advertising execu-
tive, as the first salaried president
of the Mutual Broadcasting System
was announced yesterday by w. E.
MacFarlane of Chicago. who. has
been the systems president since
its inception in 1884.
Mr.. MacFarlane. business mana
ger of the Chicago Tribune, will
continue as chairman of the net
works Executive Committee.
In announcing Mr.: McClintock
appointment, Mr.. MacFarlane said
Alfred j. McCosker of New York,
remains chairman of Mutual board
and Fred Weber of New York, con-
tinues as general manager.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1942-11-16
disagreement that had to be re.
ferred to the President.
Cooperation Under Way.

ferred to the President.
Cooperation Under Way.
Rudiments OF international CO.
ordination are believed to have
emerged in such task" commands
as that of Gen. Eisenhower, who is
commander in chief Of Anglo
American operations in French
Morocco and Algiers; Gen. Mac
Arthur, who heads all United Ma
tons forces in Australia, New
Guinea, and islands to the north
of Australia: of Admiral Nimitz,
Pacific fleet commander in chief,
who directs operations in the bulk
OF the Pacific area, including Army
installations and troops in the
Aleutians. Hawaii. Fiji Islands, part
of the Solomons, New Hebrides, New
Caledonia and New Zealand. and of
British Gen. Alexander, who in
Egypt commands the United Ma
tons front in the Middle East, con-
sisting of English troops, such
American attachments as are fight
ing in that area and Free French,
British Commonwealth, Indian,
Polish, Greek and other forces.
A third handicap in global war
has been divergence of aims
among the Allies. All want to win
the war, but not in the same way.
Disagreements have come into the
open. Russians charged Munich
men" in Britain with obstructing a
second front in Western Europe
Before our mighty expedition into
North Africa, Russia and China had
been asserting that the United
States was dealing in boasts and
promises rather than delivery Of
tangible supplies. They now may
realize we were outstanding ma
terials for our African expedition.
On the domestic scene this d.
vergence of aims was reflected in
a knock-down struggle between the
armed forces and the Lend-Lease
Administration, in which the armed
forces until now have had the up
per hand. In political sense, the
administration is committed to glo-
bal strategy. But the fighting forces.
and particularly the Army, have
been allowed to follow the theory
Of United States rather than a
United Nations war.
Trial balloons, suggesting as many
as 10000 900 Americans in uniform,
were sent up. When these were
punctured, mainly by reasoning
based on the manpower that would
be required to equip and maintain
such an army, Secretary Stimson
cut the estimate to 100000 men in
1913. Only last Tuesday President
Roosevelt made a further revision
and application. He said he ex-
pected to have 100000 in the
armed services by the end of 1913
an Army of 100000, a Navy of
100000 and a Coast Guard and
Marine force of about 100000. Un-
der the circumstances, it is asked
where and how that strength can be
delivered and how may we avoid the
| situation long obtaining in Eng.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1942-11-16
BY RICHARD L. STOKES.

What of the military situation?
Accumulation of strength in rough
balance with that of the Axis and
seizure OF the initiative are para
mount accomplishments of the
United Nations during 1912. Hitler
as yet is master neither Of the Volga
nor the Baku oil fields. He has
failed to cut Russia in two. Rommel
was not only halted. at Ell Alamein,
65 miles from Alexandria, but was
put to flight by a massive British
counter offensive, with his road of
retreat blocked by the American oc-
cupation of Algiers.
outnumbered American forces re-
buffed full-dress Japanese assault
on Guadalcanal. early this week,
however, Gen. Holcomb OF the Ma
rines, returning from the islands,
said the Americans were no longer
outnumbered) Important successes
have been achieved in New Guinea.
Mammoth air squadrons have visited
calling punishment on occupied
France, Italy and Germany itself
The campaign in North Africa gives
promise that in the near future,
somewhere on the continent of
Europe, the Allies will be able to
convert their long and costly defense
into large-scale offense.
This situation is far cry from
Axis plans of last June. A double
pronged drive, through Southern
Russia and Northern Africa, was
to hurl the Allies from the Mediter-
ranean and Near East. Japan was
to invade India, perhaps Siberia
also, and the conquerors Of Orient
and Occident were to join hands in
Middle Asia. To all appearance that
grandiose scheme now lies in ruins
It. was wrecked by mounting armed
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1942-11-16
Eleven Months Since Pearl Hurbor
Axis Offensive Halted United Nations Gain STRENGTH to Turn Tide

This is the second in a series
OF three articles reDietDing the
course OF the 0Iobdl nar. pre-
pared By the Washington Bureau
OF the st. Louis Post Dispatch.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1942-11-16

There are more than 10 conven-
lent branch offices for Star Want
Ads" located throughout the city.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1942-11-16

Take every drop Of waste kitchen
fats to your meat dealer.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-08-09
Chicago Tribune Story
Probe Launched byU.S.
Illegal Printing
Of Data on War
Will Be, Sif+ed

WASHINGTON. Aug. s (INS)
A federal grand jury in Chicago
under orders from Attorney Cen
eral Biddle. today prepared "a
begin an investigation into publ
cation of alleged confidential war
information by the Chicago Trib-
une on June Z.
Biddle'S order launched the first
government probe into the pub-
fishing OF information considered
vital 10 the nations war effort.
William ID. Mitchell of New
York. former United States attor-
ney general, will direct the inves-
tigation and ANY prosecution
which may result therefrom."
The investigation is being made
as a result of a preliminary in
quiry conducted by Mitchell and
upon the recommendation of the
navy department. Biddle said.
A navy department spokesman
confirmed that the investigation
had been asked by the depart.
iiANiiit uhA Saul Ailoi AiN ihoAANi II
"out of our hands -
Biddle said the grand jury viii
be directed TO investigate the pos
sible violation of any criminal
statute, particularly the act o.
June Is. 1917. as amended by TIT
act of March rs, 1910. concerning
the unlawful communication o
documents or information relating
TO national defense.
The Washington Times-Herald
in its story on the investigation
said today that both the Times
Herald and New York Daily News
printed the Tribune dispatch.
According TO the Times-Herald
the Tribune story described IL
detail the strength of the Japa
nese feet as it approached Midwa,
only to be repufsed by combined
air and sea attack OF United
States Navy. Army and Marine
forces during the battle o
Midway.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-08-09
Johnston Report
on Midway Fight
Upheld by Paper

CHICAGO. Aug. 8 ms
10y Maloney, managing editor o
the Chicago Tribune, today char
acterized as Outrageous and ri
diculous" the calling of a fedora
grand jury to investigate the
Tribune's story. June 7, on The
Midway battle. written by wal
correspondent Stanley Johnston.
"In spite OF repeat ted injustices
visited upon the Chicago Tribune
by Frank Knox. secretary OF the
navy, I'm his efforts TO favor his
Chicago newspaper (the Chicago
Daily News, the Tribune has
meticulously refrained, both in
It's news columns and editorials,
from printing anything that
either reflected upon the navy
or might aid the enemies of the
navy" Maloney said.
1.-THE thought that stanley
Johnston would offer infOrma-
ton TO the Tribune for publica-
ton which would be of use to
the nations enemies II as out
rageous and ridiculous rs the
charge that the Tribune would
or did print such information.
Served in World War
Johnston joined the Austria
liam army at the age of 1i1l In
World War 1. He was through
the battle of Britain as an oh
server for the Tribune. He
would sooner cut off his right
arm than give information to
the enemy.
"When the Tribune hired
Johnston II had every reason To
believe he was a man Of fine
character, large experience, eX-
ceedingly well informed on the
weapons of modern warfare, es-
pecialiy ships and airplanes, and
that he was loyal to the cause
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-08-09
Murphy ChuckIes

Lieutenant Governor Murphy
was contacted at his Detroit home
He chuckled and explained that his
reference in the speech was not tc
Sobriety as opposed to drunken
ness. but rather =" to sobriety
of mien. The sober manner ir
which the Senate settled down and
did its work, soberly and consci-
entiously.'
IL really was applauding the
work of the Senate" he added.
81 know nothing Of drunkenness
In the Senate. but apparently
few of the others do.
"YOu know, there's a familiar
old quotation that goes, Me
thinks thou dost protest too
much"
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-08-09
New DodgeFdiIs
To Defeat Rent
Control Laws
Owner Can't Profit by
Moving From Upper TO
Lower Flat, Says Car

Patrick V. Mcnamara. regional
rent control administrator. re.
vealed Saturday that he has re-
ceived complaints owners of two
family fats have developed a new
dodge TO evade rent control
laws.
But while the idea sounds
good, Mcnamara said, il won't
work.
Briefly. the device is this:
A landlord who owns a two
family income has been living In
the upper fiat, renting the lower
Gas an example) for $50 a month.
With enactment of rent control,
the landlord moves to the lower
fiat.
He reasons that he can evict the
tenant in the lower fiat on grounds
he wants 10 occupy il himself, as
permissible under the law. and
then charge what rent he wants
for the upper fiat which has not
been rented before and for which,
he believes. no rent ceiling exists
Mcnamara explained the flaw
in the scheme:
when no ceiling has been
established by previous rental,
the rent control administration
not only il empowered but II
bound 20 set a ceiling. We Will
base what the maximum rent
should be on that of similar
properties In similar locations.
AS rent for the second floor
l. usually less than rent for the
main floor, the landlord will end
up with less rent than he Was
obtaining In the first place and
must refund any rent he has
collected above the ceiling we
establish
Mcnamara also announced that
all types Of forms for property
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-08-09
OF the United Nations, and II
still so believes"

OF the United Nations, and Il
still so believes"
Maloney accounted for Johns
tons comprehensive estimate O
the number. type and names o
the japanese naval vessels On
gagged in the Midway battle from
the circumstance of his long study
of information OF this sort. anC
the facts he CLEANED from james
Ships" a standard worl
OF reference on the worlds navies
Nimitx Story First
During his stay In London"
Maloney said. "hls office was
adjacent 90 the office of Editor
McMurtie's OF James Fighting
Ships Johnston knew MIR. Me-
Murtie well and frequently dis
cussed with him I'm detail the
naval strength Of the worlds
navies.
at was JOhnstOn's general
knowledge Of the Jap navy, to-
gether with his discussions with
naval men and officers OF Jap
naval losses, which enabled him
to give an intelligent opinion OF
the probable names and Organi-
zatlon OF the Jap warships
which later (after the Coral Sea
battle) attacked Dutch HarbOr
and Midway Island.
"The story was printed along
with Admiral Nlmitz' announce
ment OF the great American vic
tory In this sea fight"
Johnston had returned TO the
United States. June 2. after wit
Messing the Coral Sea battle from
the deck of the aircraft carrier
Lexington. which eventually sank
II was while he was writing hi,
series of stories on the Coral SeS
battle. that Admiral NimitZ' re
port OF the American victory a
Midway came, Maloney said
Ii was then. according 10 Ma
loney, that he put together hi
information on the Jap navy I,
accompany Nimitz' report of the
Midway victory.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-08-09
WiIIkie Makes Plans
To Go 10 China

NEW YORK, Aug. s GNS).-
Invited months ago by the Chi
Tnese- government TO visit that uH
ton, Wendell Willkie was com
plotting his plans for Il trip thert
today after a long conference will
President Roosevelt Yesterday.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-08-09

rent registration are available at
all main and branch banks IN
Wayne County. In other parts ot
the area, city or village clerks
Offices have the forms.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-08-09

All money sent a senders risk DO not
send cash or stamps All checks. drafts
and money orders should be made payable
Co THE TIMES PUBLISHING COMPANY.
interna iional News Service has the exciu.
sive rights a. use Tor reproduction In any
form on news dispatches credited 20 u or
not otherwise credited Ia this paper.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-08-09
State Senators
Aroused Over
Murphy Charge
Lieutenant Governors
Choice Of Word Brings
Drunkenness DeniaIs
By DON GARDNER
Ttmss star Corrsspondent

LANSING, Aug s.-Michigan
state senator's are not and never
have been drunkards.
This might never have come 10
light but for the misunderstanding
of a statement of 1t Gov. Frank
Murphy.
After a meeting this week OF
the Democratic state central COM
mittee in Detroit, Murphy was
quoted as having announced he
was going TO run for reelection
q. on the record of the Senate,
the principal plank being g. In
the two years have presided over
the Senate. every senator was
sober for the first time in e
years"
The reaction was immediate
and overwhelming. Ii turned ny
not only denialS-vf drunkenness
from senators, but scathing re-
ordinations aimed at the upper
Houses chief officer.
Hittle IncredulouS
Senator Harry r. Hittle was
incredulouS.
WAS he sober when he said
it?" he asked. "Now I call that
real, outstanding craftsmanship
that should 60 down as one of
Frank Murphy's outstanding
contributions to the defense pro-
gram"
That's lust about what en-
pected from him." raved Senator
George p. McCa1lum, veteran OF
three sessions.
During all the months he
presided over the Senate he was
too dumb to learn how to put II
motion. He always had 10 be
prompted. Boy. oh boy. that's
certainly rich. Why I. for one.
never took n drink In my life
and never saw q senator
drunk"
Also on the defensive went Sen
ator Herman II. Dignan. who sale
he never had seen any drinking
on the Senate floor.
I'D have to refute Murphy's
statement" he added. because
this session was no different
than any other"
First-Termers Quiet
"we're first-termers and first
termers keep quiet" remarked
Charles Blondy. Clarence A.
Reid and Ernst Wagei.
"As matter of fact, there IL
no more and no less drinking
among senators than there IN
among any SO executives of any
private corporation or business,
commented Democratic floor
leader James Burns.
THE lieutenant governor
must be confused by the fact
that I, personally, didn't take
drink during the whole session.
IF he thinks he had anything
20 do with that deplorable fact.
he IL mistaken. 1 went on the
wagon the previous year"
Senator d. Hale Brake, Repub-
lican president pro tenn Of the
upper chamber during the last
session. went on the principle that
the best defense is a strong offense
what a record" he chafed,
1T don't think Murphy was ever
in Lansing before he found he
had been elected on the strength
Of another mans name. As a
matter of fact, he came 10
Michigan % years ago from
New York state"
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-08-09
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