davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-11-14
I'd Rather Be Right
Africon Coup Strikes Blow for Freedom
Of German as Well as Frenchmun

these thoughts, because we thought
them ourselves; and 1t is no good to
consider the Germans as faceless
people who do not think; that mere
" makes the war needlessly harder.
In a profound sense, we have
struck q blow for the liberation of
the German people by taking French
North Africa. We have new bases,
and they have new questions to an
swer. and questions are the begin
ming OF wisdom. II the history Of
popular action has any meaning, the
period Of obedience in Germany Is
drawing to its end.
Valhalla is shut down for repairs,
and from now on history is going
to take place for the Germans In
their own streets and houses.
Some change, of some kind, also is
certain to take place In the rela-
tionship between the ordinary peo-
pie Of Germany and the ordinary
people Of the conquered countries.
My crystal ball isn't very clear on 1t,
but, with Europe ringed, for Ger
mans to keep humping these people
will be empty victory In jailyard
brawl during exercise hour.
French May Free Germans.
1t will lose meaning and SAVIOR.
The conquered people are stronger
because Of what we have recently
done. France fights again, from
Africa, as Reynaud proposed two
years ago. The Frenchman in
France, Is, curiously, freer man
than the disaffected German in
Germany; he doesn't have to pre-
tend to like it. If things become bad
enough, some Germans (remember
that Hitler never had a majority
may come to look upon such French
men, oddly enough, as fighters in
their own fight.
We tend to yield to the Hitler
theory that all Germans are be-
hind him; this, the most fantastic
item In his propaganda, has been
the most successfully sold to us.
IT we recover our faith in people,
any people, just long enough to rec
ognlze that this is the one thing
Hitler says which can't possibly be
true, all sorts of interesting doors
swing open. The French slave then
becomes the German liberator, a
thought which will startle you in
precise proportion to your disbelief
that the world makes sense.
Evening star., 1942-11-14

time to time without consultation
with their employers, and the pros
pect OF a large sum Of money to be
made is outweighed by the pros
pect OF a night or day off.
Workers who stay away from a
JOB labeled necessary by an Essen
tial Work Order and who cannot
provide a good excuse may be sub
Jected to penalties that range up to
two years in prison or 500 pounds
nne. Workers are subject to these
penalties also if they are guilty of
disobeylng any lawful and reason
able" order given to them at their
place of employment.
Labor Minister Bevin has reported
that in one three-month period, last
November, December and January,
only one worker in every $4,000 was
imprisoned for violation of Essential
Work Orders, which at that time
covered 6,500,000 workers.
Evening star., 1942-11-14

Turkey. Franz Won Papen, is
limiting in his conversations with
the Turkish government that
Germany might be compelled to
ask the Ankara government
shortly for free passage" of Axis
troops through Turkish territory.
From indications he has given so
far 1t seems that the Nazis in
tend to attack Syria by way of
Asia Minor.
Turkish Army on Alert.
The 100000 German troops on
the Bulgarian-Turkish frontier
are intended to soften" the An
kara government, which, since
the Allied victories in North AZ
rica, is less inclined than ever to
allow the Germans to violate
Turkeys neutrality.
The Turkish Army, which has
been mobilized for the last 18
months, has now been placed on
the alert" It is recognized at
Ankara, however. that should the
Nazis carry out their threats
there would be little chance for
the few Turkish troops protected
by the antiquated line of fortif-
cations at Edirne and Tchataldja
to offer more than a perfunctory
opposition to an invading force.
The Turks naturally are at
tempting to talk the Germans
out Of their plans in regard to
Turkey. But they realize that
since the Axis forces in Africa
have been smashed by the British
9th Army, there is only one way
for the Nazis to try and get to
the Suez Canal-through Ana
tolia, where there are two ex-
cellent lines of communication
which could be used by the en-
emy.
The tone of Hitler's repre-
sentatives in the Turkish capital
leaves no doubt that the Fuehrer
intends to subdue another coun-
try which, while having first
class fighters, still lacks the nee
essary modern equipment to
make its 100000 men an effec-
tive force.
Fears Black Sea Route.
The concentration OF q number
OF transports In the Black Sea
Evening star., 1942-11-14
Crew Of 1orpedoed Ship
Refuses Lift in Ocean

BY the Associated Press.
AN EAST COAST PORT, Nov IA
-Self-reliant crewmen of a me-
dium-sized United Nations steamer
torpedoed in the Atlantic Ocean
early last month travelled several
hundred miles to the South Amer
1can coast in two lifeboats, one
motorized. All 48 hands were saved
A torpedo hit the steamer at 8:25
pm, but the ship did not 20 down
until the attacking submarine
finally fired four shells into the hull
at 2 am.
Meanwhile, the crew had aban-
doned ship. The motor lifeboat took
the other in tow.
On the third day the boats met a
passing steamer, which gave them
water and provisions. They refused
a lift because the ship was headed
eastward.
The two boats reached shore after
seven and one-half days.
The sinking raised to 523 the As
sociated Press total of announced
losses of Allied and neutral ships in
the Western Atlantic since Pearl
Harbor.
Evening star., 1942-11-14
By CONSTANTINE BROWN.


The Germans are continuing
their heavy concentration of men
and war material In Southern
Europe. Reliable dispatches from
Turkey indicate that no fewer
than 20 Nazi divisions are now
gathered on the Turkish Bull
garian border and an equal num-
Der Is being taken to Greece and
the Greek islands In the Aegian
Sea.
According to all indications,
German Marshal Erwin Rommel
has given up all hope Of saving
his forces In North Africa and
there are reports he has been
entrusted by Hitler with the su-
preme command Of the Axis
forces-Nazi, Italian, Bulgarian
and Rumanian-on the Balkan
front.
The German Ambassador to
Evening star., 1942-11-14
This Changing World
Hitler Moy Answer African Blow by Balkan
Campaign Thot Would EnguIf Turkey

ports Of Bulgaria and Rumania
adds to the worry of President
Ismet 1nonu, who fears that II
the Nazis decide to make Turkey
. battle-ground they could at
tempt an invasion by way Of the
Black Sea as well as by way OF
Istanbul.
The Bulgarian Army-the only
Balkan force not yet used against
Russia-is estimated to have
some 100000 flrst-line men fully
equipped with modern war para
phernalia and at least 10000
second line troops. This army,
which has refused to fight against
the Soviets, would be willing to
march alongside the Nazis in q
campaign against the Turks.
In most military quarters In
Washington a campaign in the
Balkans in the next few weeks
IS forecast as Hitler's answer to
the Allied occupation Of Africa.
Should British and American
forces in the Middle East not be
able to lend Turkey the necessary
support to resist the Nazis, Tur-
key might suffer the fate Of the
other Balkan states and the Ger
mans will be able to start next
spring pincer movement against
the Caucasian oil fields as well
as the rich Mosul fields.
Reports Appear Logical.
These American observers main
tain that regardless of what has
occurred in Africa, Hitler must
make strenuous effort to get the
Asiatic oil fields If he still desires
a long war and still hopes for a
victory or stalemate.
Hence the reports of important
Nazi concentrations in the Balk-
ans are not being discounted.
They appear logical and possible
since the Nazis still have at least
10 divisions in reserve in western
Germany and are able to with
draw at least 20 divisions from
the Russian campaign, where the
army is by way of taking winter
quarters behind the east wall.
Troops rushed to France and
Italy have, according to available
reports, been taken from the gen.
eral pool and only five divisions
IN northern Italy are believed to
Evening star., 1942-11-14
BY SAMUEL GRAFTON.

The plain people Of Europe: It Is
now possible to make q number Of
plausible predictions as to what will
60 on In the minds Of the plain peo-
pie Of Europe, starting with this
week.
Germans have been told by Hitler
that they are now on the defensive.
They will soon begin to feel the spe-
cial cramps Of the CONSTRUCTED de-
fensive posture. The inevitable re-
suit Of defensive warfare is SELF
questioning. Germans will ask, as
we have asked for two years: What
happened, what went wrong?"
But Germans will not be allowed
to ask these questions, nor to an
swer them, in public.
Pressures to Rise.
So, pressures are bound to rise in
Germany, and these are bound to be
pressures against the German gov
ernment. It will be a strange med7
ley of pressures, in part from Ger
man industry, seeing its plants
knocked down, night after night; in
part from the German people, to
whom jobs and farms far away can
no longer be offered; in part from
within the Nazi party, as it wonders
what went wrong with the magic.
One remembers the self-question-
ing. f1aring up instantly in England
after Dunkerque: "Our school sys-
tenn must have been wrong!" Or,
I'VE didn't give opportunity to
enough of our people!" Or, Eng
land as we knew it was not ade-
quate; we shall have to remake it,"
And our own American debate, so
long, so loud and so useful.
Predictions as to the course of
popular thinking are the safest. Of
all predictions; they rarely let you
down, If they are based on faith that
the people do think, and that the
people are not fools. Thus we can
say, with absolute certainty, the
Germans will think, even If they
must hide in closets to do so: I'VE
cannot build enough equipment to
defend every beach in Europe for
ever. Defense will not win the war.
1t gives all the advantages to the
enemy. He can attack wherever he
decides, and we must be ready every
where, simultaneously"
We know the Germans will think
Evening star., 1942-11-14
Oil Loss $50, 100000

Oil properties appropriated by the
Mexican government have lost about
$50 ,000. 900 In the last four years, &C.
cordtng to M. A. Hernandez, engi.
neer Of Mexico City. writing in
Fl Economista. he attacks the ball
ance sheets issued recently by the
petroleum administration.
Evening star., 1942-11-14

Semble donkeyS,
1t pleased me to-
have Clare Booth
Luce elected to-
the H ouse on
tn e Republican
ticket. arr;
I will be OUT
Of the State Of
Texas before this
article Is re-
leased, which Is
q bit of wisdom
on my part. be-
cause in Texas a
Evening star., 1942-11-14
The Political Mill
Doniels Would Alter Rules Now to Avoid
Isofotionst Fight on Treaties in Senate

November 3. What its attitude
toward international affairs turns
out to be is of Importance. It is
apparent that the choice of a
new national chairman Of the
party organization will be widely
interpreted.
The~suggestion has been made
that Werner Schroeder, Republi-
can national chairman from IL
Hnois, be elected to take Mr..
Martins place as chairman. This
has brought an immediate reac-
tion from the friends of Mr.. Will
kie and those who do not wish
to see the COP slip back into its
old isolationist position.
Mr.. Schroeder halls from the
State Of Senator Brooks and Rep
resentative Day, both strong iso-
lationists before Pearl Harbor,
and both reelected last week,
and from the city which possess
ses the strongest isolationist
newspaper in the country-the
Chicago Tribune.
No one yet has heard Mr..
Schroeder express his own views
on the question of international
co-operation-except that he was
a member of the subcommittee
which drafted the resolution
adopted by the national commit
tee when 1t met In Chicago. This
has apparently not satisfied the
anti-isolationists among the Re-
publicans.
There is talk of fight at the
meeting In st. Louis December
7. Some of the moderates are
suggesting compromise" candi-
date-for example former Sena-
tor Townsend of Delaware, widely
popular and chairman of the
senatorial campaign committee
during the recent political war.
Opposition Bobs Up.
Inquiry of members of the
Senate Judiciary Committee as
to their possible attitude on a
constitutional amendment to do
away with the two-thirds rule
for ratification Of treaties dis
closes strong opposition to the
proposal.
That goes for Senator Van
Nuys, Democrat, chairman of the
committee, who said:
I'm against it. Too manv
changes in the fundamental law
have been made already, and
some OF them recently"
Senator Austin of Vermont. as
sistant minority leader, also is
opposed to such change in the
Constitution, despite the fact he
is IN favor of international CO.
operation for peace. Indeed,
Senator Austin has spoken out
strongly in the Senate for a
study Of the postwar problems
that will confront this country.
He believes that the American
people should be kept informed
OF all the facts and that there
should be continued discussion
OF the problems. On the other
hand, Senator O'Mahoney, DEM
ocrat, OF Wyoming said he be-
lieved there was soii1e virtue" IN
proposed change in the Constitu-
ton.
One resolution proposing a con-
stitutional amendment giving a
majority of the House and Sen
ate power to ratify treaties has
been introduced in this Congress
that by Representative Can
non, Democrat, of Florida. Mr..
Cannon's resolution Is before the
House Judiciary Committee.
Nothing has so far been done
about it, although Mr.. Cannon
introduced it more than a year
ago. Several organizations have
indorsed the idea. If there is to
be a real drive for such an
amendment, it may center around
this resolution.
Evening star., 1942-11-14

IlUullCCIllcut v y
the White House
that food and
clot h ! n g and
arms would be
furnished to the
peoples of oc-
cupied areas un-
der the lease
lend program Of
t he U nj t e d
States Govern
nent.
This is tanta-
mount to saying
"a thu manila Of
Evening star., 1942-11-14
No-Shudow Liaht Used

War factories in Britain are being
illuminated with artificial daylight
that does not cast q shodow. Girls
working In factories near London
are making mercury vapor discharge
lamps, better known as daylight
lamps, which are to be mass pro.
duced.
Evening star., 1942-11-14
Work Absenteeism
In Britain Checked
By Jail or Fine
-, ,.,overtime ot Varying,
Rates Paid for Standard
Working Week Excess j.,
BY BLAIR BOLLES.

The British war-factory worker
puts in long hours at his job but
collects overtime pay for the hours
beyond the limits of the standard
working week" established by COL
lective bargaining contracts before
the war, an official English report
today disclosed.
Faced at an earlier period in the
war with the same problem of the
length of the industrial work that is
disturbing the United States now,
the British Ministry of Labor rec
commended an average of SIS to Sc
hours week. The work hours in
munitions plants after Dunkerque,
in May, 1910, rose to 65-75, but, out
put began to decline because of the
workers physical and nervous strain.
Varied Overtime Rates.
Pay for overtime in England above
the standard week varies between
time and a quarter and time and a
half. The standard week is A hours
in most of the building industries
and 47 or 48 hours in the automo-
bile, aircraft, shipbuilding, engi-
neering and other munitions indus
tries.
Workers protected by collective
bargaining agreements get double
pay for Sunday and public holl-
days, and in some instances there
are special provisions for night
work. England has no statutory
work-week control like the Fair En-
ployment Practices Act over here,
which fixes the 40-hour week. The
workers for the most part have
negotiated agreements for their own
protection.
Government tribunals control the
employment practices situation in
agriculture and few weakly-or-
ganized industries. Employers and
unions are represented on the tri-
bunals.
Absentee Penalties Provided.
The British government is en-
powered to order laborers in factor
les to work at night or on any other
distasteful occasion for which even
the prospect OF time and a half pay
might not be inducement enough
for the worker under ordinary cir
cumstances. Some workers in the
United States take holidays from
Evening star., 1942-11-14

HE opinions OF the rters this page their
necessarily The Stars Such opinions presented
Stars effort to gue all sides OF questions OF interest to It's
readers although such opinions may be contradictory among
themselves and directly opposed to The Stars
Evening star., 1942-11-14
McLenore-
Glamour Headed
For Capitol Hill
BY HENRY McLEMORE.

DALLAS. - Although my family
and forebears have voted the DEM
ocratic ticket for so long that sor1fe
members Of the family actually res
Evening star., 1942-11-14
Leose-Lend
In New Role
For Victory
Great Psychological
Weapon Effectively
Applied to Africo
BY DAVID LAWRENCE.

Psychological warfare'-the term
applied to the battle of morale-has
risen to new heights Of effectiveness
In the last "a hours with the an
Evening star., 1942-11-14
Marginal Lund PIowed Up

OF 3,415 acres Of grassland plowed
up in district in Wales crop fail
ures have resulted in ST per cent
OF the area because worms infested
the soil.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-01-10
SUBSISTENCE DIET

Although the wealthy supple
mont this simple diet IN peacrtiue
with imported dehcacies. the peas
ants are accustomed 70 simple
r8tions with little # any butter
fats, meats, beverages, fruits or
sugar
such sclf-dcnial may or may not
be physically adequate but when
the Japanese settle over here 7and
adjust themselves 10 tho American
dict. their descendants are re-
ported 10 grow on the average
two inches taller
can official japanese broad
cast over tho Toxic radio on
Wednesday announced drastic
food rationing viii begin in six
of JapanS most heavily popu-
lated provinces on February /.
Each person in these provinces
VIII be limited 10 the equivalent
of IS handfulS Of unCooked rice
and four Kilograms Of mlSmO "a
bean product staple IN the Japa-
neSe dieD per month the Broad
cast stated A handful Of rice
when cooked would make about
four ordinary portions ;
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-01-10
IDFoLoGIFS At STAKE

a. stake in The war IN addition
10 territory raw materials and
prestige. are divergent idcolocIc~
America believes IN and practices
tho abundant lIfo for allii, people
Wholca~ N.ppon except In tho
aristocrstic imperial governing
and ruling classes constituting a
small privileged group leans 70 the
>elf-abnecatnE doctrine Of sack
cloth and ashes
If the war should be long drawn
out. Japan which already has cut
her masses % The bone cannot
debate much more ON tho othel
hand the United States II need
he. could release hidden economic
power through inducing civilians
10 pull IN their belts
Already the Japanese are cco-
nomIcal in holding food ra'IonS =
something near the minimum re-
qurcd 10 keep metabohSm gong
limited quantities OF rice >oybcan,
and fish These are supplemented
with modest heIpInCS OF wheat
bread. tea turnIpS radlShcS, car.
fotS, other vegetables spices anc
.,fl
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-01-10
buy a Bombcr-
It Sounds SensibI e
country

THE suggestion the milk distributors that zoning
| system for the delivery Of milk be instituted sounds
like a sensible proposition
The idea IS offered in the interest Of rubber consorva
ton as ii will cut down the mileage Of each truckf from
40 dav to two or three If for nothing else, 1t should
be accepted since milk trucks not listed eligible
under the ratonng program for new tires
But it has another side which may be helpful to the
public Zonng will down the cost of delivering milk
to the consumer 1t offered at the recent price IN
crease controversy but not accepted seriously.
Now may prove its worth not only to the tire
program but to the problem of keeping prices from IN
creasing further Distribution is of the factors
that has been keeping the spiral up If zonng works
out as it should perhaps will day be accepted
and the savings passed on to the consumer.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-01-10
JAPAN,S PEAK. 1899

Exports AT the national indus
trial board rccontly estimated
that japan reached her peak ~
industrial production m 1889 and
expressed tho opinion that short
ages Of skilled labor, materials,
fuel and electric power had been
reducing production since that
tImo
The same source computed that,
while American airplano produce
ton is still rising n is already
seven tmo, that of the japanese
rate of output.
IN attempting 70 become the
ruling power in the greater East
Asia Co-proSpcritY sphere, " japan
is playing for high stakes. The
area Of conflict embraces a region
with more than half of the worlds
population
on the outcome of the present
war. The destiny Of the whole
world may hinge The fataistic
Japanese have shown n wiling
ness 20 pay an enormous price 10
achieve their ambitions
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-01-10

much Of this He says he had
never been in the Illinois town
in his life. but afterwards went
there out Of curiosity and was
entertained by the tOwnSpoople,
many of whom asked him If he
did not remember them
Mike says ne conveniently re-
mcmborcd them all incidentally
he says he never was in Brook
lyn but once.
LIE IS now 81, a small dapper
II figure with little nous
tache and hristly gray hair He
has a pronounced English aC-
cent which he says he acquired
while going 10 school in Eng
land. He is unmarried and his
only companion is "Confucius
an ugly English bulldog given
him by Mark HeIlingcr. the
coluuniSt and movie producer
Mike has just completed his
first year as the proprietor Of
fashionable restaurant in Bev-
crly Hills in which he was
financed by group Of Holly
wood picture people who con-
tributCd from 500 up
Jock Whitney and Bob Bench
Icy arc the largest stockholders
with $3.50 each. The restaurant
has been quite successful and
Mike sends out dividend checks
regularly even though some of
them are for only a few cents.
We suspect that prosperity
irkS Mike 10 some extent He IS
never happier than when he IS
recalling the days when he was
a wanderer and a free soul and
was familiar with the inside OF
various tails
He first came 10 this country
in 1922 without a passport, not
knowing ono was necessary He
was held AZ Ellis Island from
which he escaped 10 begin his
weird career as Prince Mike
We do not mind him not be-
ing actually Prince Mike but
We are somehow sadly diSap-
pointed that ne is not really
Harry GerguSon.
Copyright 1912 ~ Ki1s Features
D.strhu'cd oy lr'crnauonaJ News Service
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-01-10
Japan y w e,r Aims

NiD,,o,,t- ot,l,.,t,.-. . .t.- -.
is not ahe,rao, !, , . " a..
-, 49, 81 60 -. ','l'7 e"i
80 49, - I"' II, an, wi VII 81 ~ leu
,,iI,,,ri.,s III ~, il't -.
r,",iCos, q ' n, ',',' - aa -
ho,d NO, :, ,,,a aI, ~
..c,,,o,,n. ~ A.. 49,, ,.,.,,',,,,,..
snboro f" III oa,a,,,., -, ~
can,n Ct;,, 60 ' ,,l,,i4 -, 80 U ~,
80, - ~ -, -, - ~
~ ''' ~ .'''' ~ - = ''l' - = -
Japan 5 arnbliion IS 10 preside
over ne great llco'S oI O'lna'
ihdo-' O','a. me r.aCl Inoles' MA.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-01-10
RELATIVE POSITIONS

In order 10 compare the rela-
tive economic position Of the
United states and Japan and 10
eliminate the factor of anti
japanese bias. lave referred 10
"a table prepared before the war
by Or. Ernest Wagemann director
of the German Institute. for Bust
ness Research
1t showed tho relative position
Of all tho principal nations ofJthe
world IN respect 10 output of
various essential raw materials.
II gave the United states primacy
in rs out of % basic products, and
showed Japan first in none
II gave the United States one
second place. namely in alu-
ninum in which Germany was
rated first Japan received three
second places out of a possible