Evening star., 1942-10-05

she won't begin wondering, NOV
which did he say was the check dam
per and which the smoke-pipe dam
per?" He should be asked to point
out, too, the difference in position OF
any damper handles when hampers
are open or closed.
Once sure of this ground, the vari-
ous steps in firing the furnace can be
quickly learned from instructions
prepared by the Office OF Price Ad-
ministration in cooperation with the
Bituminous Coal Consumers Coun-
Gil of Washington, D. c.
TO BUILD A FIRE.
When CRATES are clean. procedure
for first time of the season.
/. Have check damper closed. II
smoke pipe has been closed, open It,
Close fire door damper. Open ashplt
draft door.
2 Have a thin layer of ashes on
crate. If no ashes are available, a
or 4 inch layer of coal should be
used. However, without the ash
base. some of this coal is bound to
be wasted before the fire is burning
properly. (This is particularly true
of bituminous coal0
8. If anthracite is burned, a gen.
erous layer of paper and kindling
should be placed next. If bituminous
is used, a layer of coal should be
laid over the ashes, or II the coal
layer is used first, it should be
thicker and paper and kindling
should come next with a few Jumps
of coal on top to hold 1t down.
4. With slide-in fire door closed,
light kindling. Keep slide closed
until paper is burned and kindling
Is ignited. Then open.
S. In firing with anthracite, when
the kindling is burning well, cover
with thin layer of coal and when
this layer is burning, add a full
shovelful.
In firing with bituminous, do not
add the full shovelful at once or the
fire will be smothered. Fire a little
at time until the coal over the
ashes has started.
When coal and ashes are on the
CRATES. procedure when fire has
gone out and must be rebuilt.)
/. Shake the CRATES to reduce the
bed of ashes and to make it loose
and porous so air can flow up
through it. Neave from 2 to 6
inches of ash on the grate)
2. Proceed as for clean CRATES.
TO MAINTAIN FIRE DURING
THE DAY
How often during the day the fire
win need more coal depends on the
size of the furnace and what the
temperature and wind velocity are.
Any one who is In the process OF
learning how to run the furnace
should look at the fire more often
than actually is necessary at first,
so that some idea Of how fast 1t
burns may be had.
If thick layer Of red coal is
found, fresh coal is not yet needed.
This layer Of burning coal, however,
should be carefully watched as it
grows thinner, for it should not be
allowed to get 20 the point where
ashes form. The moment gray spots
begin to show is the time when
fresh coal should be added.
In firing with bituminous, push
some of the live Goals either to the
rear or one side of the fire pot, US
ing small hoe, rake or shovel.
Place the fresh coal in the space
thus made.
If your bituminous is OF the So
called "smokeless" variety, the cone
firing method is suggested. To cone
fire, level off the live Goals and make
a small hole in the center with the
shovel. Pile in new coal to form q
cone. The next time firing is neces-
sary, a poker should be pushed
through the top of the cone to crack
1t.
In firing with anthracite, the coal
Is added evenly over the surface ex-
cept when pea coal or smaller size
is used. Then spot Of burning coal
should be left at one side or the
front of the fire bed to ignite the
gases which are released from the
fresh coal.
BANKING THE FIRES AT NIGHT
For Anthracite Fires.
l. If it is very cold, it may be nee
essary to shake the fire to make
room for more coal. Usually, how
ever, shaking is not necessary be.
fore banking.
2. Add coal, filling the firepot ur
TO the level of the firing door.
3. Close the ashpit damper anc