davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-08-06
There's The Thrill
Dou, FIRST FUR COAT in DAj4oh, AUGUST SALE!

coat!
O
10 for
bihy
Evening star., 1942-06-28

freshments freely. 1t was on this oc-
casion that he served to the guests liberal
hunks of the 1.250-pound cheese pre-
sented to the President by the Repub-
lican ladies of Cheshire, Mass.
According to an item printed at the
time, the cheese arrived here in wagon
drawn by six horses handsomely de-
corated with ribbons. 1t measured feet
inches In diameter and was foot 6
inches thick We understand" reads
the news note, that the President
means in a few days, to invite all the
members of both Houses to partake Of
this American cheese. accompanied with
abundance Of American biscuit and
American porter This will be indeed
the Feast of Reason and the Flow of
Soul"
Some years later, what purported to
be a history OF this cheese was printed
in a newspaper article. 1t said. in part:
In Cheshire, Mass, there then lived
the famous Baptist minister, John
Leland. who was long a resident of Viz
ginia and the friend of Jefferson and
Madison, and who knew what they had
done for religious liberty in the Old
Dominion. He determined to do his
part toward supporting Jefferson. From
Evening star., 1942-06-28
July 4: Thro' All the Gloom, Ray Of Light and Glory

diary which tells us the day was cloudy,
with showers, and that 1t was "A very
dull 4th Of July. The gentlemen went
to Mr.. Laws to dinner-they returned
little after dark-a large party there"
Thomas Law, the man here referred
to- married Elizabeth Park Custis, grand
daughter OF Mrs. Martha Washington,
in l796. He was born in England in
1855, his father having q bishopric in
Carlisle. He was one Of several brothers,
among whom was afterward, the dis
tinguished Lord Ellenborough. When
quite young, he received an once within
the gift of the East India Co., and on
his arrival in India became acquainted
with the Governor General. Warren
Hastings. The two became great friends
and, IN time. Law was made Hastings
private secretary. He was very wealthy
and intelligent, and thought nothing Of
carrying around IN his pocket 100000
suineas at time, 50 1t is said. Unfor-
tunately for him, however, he came to
this city at time when men with for
tunes were investing heavily in lots. and
like nearly all who speculated in early
real estate here, he lost heavily.
Thomas Jefferson. who was John
Adams successor rs President, seems to
Evening star., 1942-06-28

cheese with q suitable speech. The
President addressed him in reply, having
q piece cut from the cheese to be sent
back to Cheshire that the donors might
have q taste OF it; the rest Of 1t was kept
until the following Fourth Of July. when
it was served at a grand banquet"
Strangely enough, Thomas Jefferson
died July 4, 1926, on the 5oth anniversary
of the adoption by Congress Of the report
self. John Adams, Benjamin Franklin,
Roger Sherman and Robert r. Livings-
ton appointed to draw up Declaration
of Independence. Previous to this,
Richard Henry Lee Of Virginia had
moved that the United Colonies are,
and ought to be, free and independent
States" And, more remarkable still,
John Adams who seconded this motion
and who became the second President of
the United States, died on the same day
as Mr. Jefferson.
North Carolina seems to have been the
first to resolve. 1t was willing to 80 so
far as TO concur with those in the other
colonies in declaring independence :"
Massachusetts, also was willing to join
in and said 1t would do it even with
their lives and the remnants Of their
fortunes" Indeed, 1t was q grave situa-
ton. and though Little Rhody" followed
the example Of Virginia, the New York
delegates signed without instructions.
The Connecticut Assembly was willing
that its delegates fall in line. and so was
New Hampshire. After several hesitating
Evening star., 1942-06-28
Scientist Risked Death to Give Mankind Life

white meat Of turkeys or chickens. It
was sowbelly and fatback devoid Of lean.
Then. in two Mississippi orphanages.
where the kids were listless and un-
naturally observation-disclosures OF early
pellagra-Dr. Goldberger got permission
to feed these little ones daily milk and
lean meat. and the children quickly grew
mischievous and bright and a pleasure
to their teachers, and the pellagra van
ished.
But such science was too simple for
many a scientific highbrow; and now at
the Rankin Prison Farm, Miss, with the
permission OF the Governor and on the
promise that they would be pardoned,
DR.. Goldberger gave a band OF tough
convicts the unquestioned pellagra just
by keeping them for few months on
diets of that white fat pork meat, meal
and molasses.
The authenticity of this experimental
pellagra was vouched for by expert skin
doctors, vet even now powerful scientific
authorities insisted that pellagra was
merely a contagion, like typhoid fever.
But could he be right, with all the scien-
tihc world against him? Well, he would
settle it. There was one way to con-
vince them.
So now, somnambulistic. oblvious to
his own wife and children. keeping his
plans secret from friends, superiors, Jo-
seph Goldberger got ready-for the sole
purpose of laying his own gnawing
doubts-a dreadful self-experimentation.
1t was as revolving as 1t might perchance
be deadly-that is, il his scientific op-
ponents happened to be right, and If he
himself was wrong. -.
DR.. Goldberger was famous for his
Evening star., 1942-06-28
By John Clagett Proctor.


There have been a number Of occasions
since the founding of this Republic when
special reasons prompted the celebration
Of Independence Day with unusually
ardent devotion. but none more so than
the coming July 4, when we are, as
Lincoln probably would say, engaged in
q great war, testing whether this Nation
or any nation so conceived and so dedl-
Gated, can long endure" Indeed, so far
flung is this struggle that democracy
and freedom throughout the world are
At stake, and the boys now serving be-
meath the Stars and Stripes are certainly
rendering as notable a service for free
government and humanity as did the
patriots Of the American Revolution and
the soldiers of our other wars. who gave
their last full measure Of devotion for
our land Of the free and our home Of
the brave.
But Just how this coming anniversary
should be celebrated must, most natural
", be left to the wishes OF the patriotic
individuals and groups, which may vary
considerably, and along this line comes
an early suggestion from John Adams,
who expressed himself strongly IN favor OF
acclaim, pyrotchnics and noise, and so
stated in a letter written to friend,
dated July S, IT'S the day following the
adoption Of the Declaration OF 1nde-
pendence, He wrote:
Yesterday, the greatest question was
decided which was ever decided among
men. A resolution was passed unani-
mously, That these United States are,
and Of right ought to be, free and inde-
pendent States.
Day of Deliverance
The day is passed. The 4th Of July,
1776, will be a memorable epoch in the
history of America. am apt to believe
1t will be celebrated by succeeding gen.
erations as the Great Anniversary
Festival! 1t ought to be commemorated
as the day of deliverance, by solemn
acts of devotion to the Almighty God.
It ought to be solemnized with pomps,
shows, games, sports, guns, bells, bon
fires and uminations-from one end OF
the continent 10 tIle OIilcl lioill tiiio
time forever! You will think me trans
ported with enthusiasm; but r am not.
/ am we'll aware of the toll, and blood,
and treasure, it will cost to maintain
this declaration and support and defend
these States; yet. thro all the gloom.
can see ray Of light and glory.
can see that the end is worth more than
all the means; and that posterity will
triumph, although you and may rue
which hope We shall not"
From the earliest days OF Washington
as the National Capital, July has been
celebrated along the lines suggested by
Mr.. Adams, who, however, did not have
tAe opportunity Of doing this himself
while in the Federal Capital, since he
did not take up his residence here until
November l. 1900. and left the city be-
fore the next Independence Day. But
July 1, 1900, was recognized to q slight
extent. as we find by Mrs. Thorntons
Evening star., 1942-06-28

SO now ne asked MS comrades Oh tlle
Public Health Service to join him. to
demonstrate, maybe. that his own per-
sonal survival had been only fuke, an
accident But what had these IA col
leagues to gain from the risk in which
they joined him? It was not their
theory It was not their headache. 1t
was only DR.. Goldberser's.
So, In three successive experiments.
these IA men Of the Health Service and
his own wife. Mary Farrar Goldberger,
made free with their lives. They let
DR.. Goldberger try to infect them with
the blood of the dying pellagrins. They
were bold fools, all Of them. But they
did not come down with pellagra.
They conquered themselves to give DR..
Goldberger his final satisfaction. the
proof of his insight that pellagra was
not infectious. So they gave mankind
life.
The Government gave them no over
time, no extra pay. not even pat on the
back for this work, which was not in
the line Of duty. And glory? 1t Is
doubtful II one Of the readers OF this
article knows the name Of even one Of
those who helped DR.. Goldberger to find
this truth that demolished his scientific
enemies for all time, and that has now
begun to result in staying mankind's
hidden hunger.
Chemical Famine
That was the way Joseph Goldberger.
softest-spoken and gentlest Of scientific
desperados-in the years when the
American people cared little for the fate
of our hidden hungry havenots-
toward the discovery of Americas wide
spread hidden hunger Of cur chronic
chemical famine. For this. in the past
10 years, has become plain: For every
1000 Door white men or women who
Gle of pellagra, 10000 or 10000 suffer
the sickness In a form short Of fatal.
And for these 10000 or 10000 who are
obviously pellagrous. there are many
more who are nervous, weary, afraid for
no reason, suffering vague aches and
pains. insomniac, irritable and not living
on the possible top step Of life that
I'LL AL -
against the hidden hunger.
Before he died-which he did too soon,
in 1923, Of cancer of the kdney-Joseph
Goldberger succeeded in getting his pei
lagra over into dogs. giving them the
pellagramimicking disease called black
tongue" Then, using such dogs, Wiscon-
sins brilliant vitamin chemist, Conrad
Elvehjem, discovered the precise chemi-
cal, the lack Of which in food caused
pellagrous forlorn to drop into de-
mented death.
This was NICOTINE acid. And now, by
its cheap, simple magic, at Hillman Hos
pital, Birmingham. Ala. famine fighting
DR.. Tom d. Spies proved that nobody
need die Of pellagra at all. In the past
six years, he has proved that the death
rate of people seriously enough pella-
grous to have to be DISQUALIFICATION
merly so out of every 100-can be cut to
zero For six years no pellagrin has died
at Hillman Hospital and many thou
sands have been cured.
And today, this cheap chemical, nico-
tinic acid, now called "niacin," together
with other B vitamin chemicals such as
thiamin and riboflavin, Strengthening
our countrys white bread. are giving
promise to abolish our widespread B
vitamin hunger, to make us q Nation
Of far harder workers and tougher
dshteYs, TO give u stamina for produe.
tien. and courage 10 Ashs for FREEDOM.
Evening star., 1942-06-28

modesty. But now he was proud. He
was forced by his searcher's pride to risk
his dark, deep urge to understand to pit
the yet not finally tested hunch held by
himself alone against self-experiment
the outcome Of which might well be
death.
He could plead this excuse for his lone
ly outlaw science-against his family,
against the Government. yes. against
Joseph Goldberger He was goaded to it
not because his scientific opponents had
proved his science to be wrong by proper
experiment. but because they tried to kill
his truth by ignoring it.
Driven by Hunch
His wild project was the more aStound-
ing when one considers his gentleness.
No. he growled-no pellagra Is not con-
tagious, infectious. know it. Ill prove
it. So now his hunch drove him to that
desperation displayed by Capt. Ahab in
his hunt for the white whale, Moby Dick.
Alone in the washroom of a pullman
travelling north toward Washington, he
made the intestinal discharges of dead
pellagrin up into pill, with little flour.
Would these give him pellagra? He ate
them Then he injected himself with
groundup suspensions Of pellagrous ul-
GERS, and with the pellagrous blood OF
those who had died. So he bet his un-
derstanding against his life. Alone. And
he did not get sick. And he did not die
But now consider what next occurred.
After he made this solitary rendezvous
with truth, he determined that others
must similarly risk their lives to bear
witness. What if, perchance, he was
naturally immune to pellagra?
Evening star., 1942-06-28
By Paul De Kruif.

When YOU believe enough in your own
sc,.nce to be ready to give up your lie
10 convince the world Of it-then, with
luck. YOU have . chance to become
giant your country will remember. In
1915. DR.. Joseph Goldberger risked MS
r,s for truth. He was a lone-wolf
..archer of our United States PUBIC
Health Service. He held the scientlnc-
s,,v unorthodox belief that pellagra was
not CONTAGIOUS. He knew 1t was hio-
den hunger-for vitamins that mao ho'
then been discovered.
In his fight to solve the peuagra mys-
t.rv DR.. Goldbergers frst major oo-
.tacle was that he had no laboratory
eniral to which he could give the SICK
ness. His laboratory was our soutnlano'
He wandered out, in 1914. from the Hy-
oienic Laboratory in Washington 10
Georgia madhouse, to Southern asylums
ond into the novels of Southern have
nots. His experimental animals were q
red-rashed, weary, lazy, discouraged,
often demented rag-tag-ano-oootan oi
American humanity.
He was gentle, wool-gatherins dreamy
lew making his own observations car.
inc little for the opinion OF so-called
scientific authority. He was no nlgn-
nres.1re salesman Of his own science.
T-h. scientific world could take II or
leave it. His exact observations were
from the first, hooted down by physicians
.xnerienced in the pellagrous doom OF
human beings. Worst OF all, why get
het up about this pellagra, any way9 DR..
Goldberger's lowly experimental human
subjects would perhaps relieve society
~ an economic burden If they would
quickly up and die!
Fundamental Observation
Such were the obstacles Joseph Gold
heroer had to try to hurdle to call SCI
entific attention to hlooen Vi'aiiinl
hunger that is now known to sap the
vipor. not only Of our have-nots IN the
South, but Of Americans IN every walk
Of life.
Here was DR.. Goldbergers frst and
fundamental observation: The diner
ence between people who rot to de-
mented death from pellagra and peopie
who never get it Is that pellasrins are
poor. DR.. Goldberger, stalking stoop-
shouldered, peering, questioning. alway'
gentle, always dreamy, through Southern
mill villages, plantations. asylums, found
this drastic difference between the we'll
of and the poor:
The prosperous eat what the poor can't
afford to buy.
In an asylum where the red death was
killing 6 out Of every 100 inmates, he
saw that physicians, nurses and orderlies
never caught this supposedly contagious
pellaera. In that institution he saw that
it was not the sick inmates who got the
milk and the choice cuts Of meat 1r
suualid mill villages our dreamy doctor
provled. Where the nervous weakness
the gnawing indigestion. sent poor people
to denented death, there the stan OF LII
was the three M's-meat, meal and mo-
lasses. n was white meat, but not tn
Evening star., 1942-06-28

Signer of the Declaration OF
Independence and member of
the committee appointed to
prepare that historic docu-
n1ent.
efforts the Pennsylvania representatives
were instructed to vote affrmatively, and
Maryland, 1t Is said, at first positively
forbade its delegates to vote for inde-
pendence. but. through the influence OF
Carroll, Chase, Paca and others. finally
permitted them to vote with the other
Colonies. Delaware, South Carolina and
Georgia left 1t up to the Judgment Of
their delegates.
Noble Accomplishments
But regardless of which State or Col
ony did the most, or which one did the
least in achieving American freedom,
they certainly worked pretty well to-
gether once they got started. They left
us a heritage that we should cherish
with pride and all the love and sincerity
of grateful people, so that government
of the people, by the people. for the
people shall not perish from the earth
Those who established this Republic are
not in a position to help us maintain it;
all that Is left of them Is memory, but
their patriotism, their sacrifices and
their glorious deeds should ever be treas
ured and held sacred, and the great work
they did emulated by those who, today,
are enjoying the benefits of their praise
worthy and noble accomplishments.
The magnetic telegraph did not come
into existence until 10 years after the
death Of John Adams and Thomas JET
ferson. and 1t took some time for outside
news to reach washington, even when
dispatched by courier. Indeed, though
Mr.. Jefferson died on July 4, 1925, at his
home, Monticello, which can now be
reached by automobile in few hours
from the CapitaEif We do not run out
Of gas-the announcement Of his death
was not published in the National In
telligencer until July 7, when the paper
said editorially:
Thomas Jefferson is no more! His
weary sun hath made q golden set. leav-
ing . bright trace Of undying fame to
mark his path to glorious immortality.
The illustrious author Of the Deelars-
hen Of Independence bfeathsd hb last at
Evening star., 1942-06-28
HARLES CARROLL {
CARROLLTON,

Last surUiUor Of the SignerS OF
the Declaration of Independ-
ence.
have celebrated each Independence Day
while he occupied the White House, and
one of these notable occasions which
was reported in the National Intelli-
gencer. was the one in 1902. it being cele-
brated with unusual enthusiasm.
On this occasion. the President did not
restrict his guests to the male sex. as
apparently did Mr.. Law, but at noon
received the ladies of the Federal City
and those of Georgetown. Later. he re-
ceived the citizens generally, and, as was
the custom OF the period, served re-
Evening star., 1942-06-28

the pulpit one Sunday. he invited every
person who owned a COW or COWS to
bring the whole OF one days milk to
great cider mill owned by an old Revolu-
tionary soldier, Capt. John Brown. The
people responded with enthusiasm. and
made festival Of the day appointed, and
brought an extraordinary quantity OF
milk to the old mill.
Worlds Greatest Cheese
when the cheese had been pressed
Elder Leland mounted a block. gave out
q hymn, and held religious service over
1t. Finally, he dedicated to the President
of the United States what he described
as the greatest cheese the Old or New
World had ever seen. 1t weighed, when
cured, 1900 pounds. The question then
arose how to transport such mass 500
miles to the City Of Washington. Elder
Leland undertook the task. He waited
until the middle Of the following winter,
when there was plenty OF snow on the
ground; had the cheese placed upon
sleigh and drove with 1t to Washington
himself. He was received in every town
with cheers from the 'Dems.' and with
jeers from the Feds On reaching the
Presidents House, he presented the
Evening star., 1942-06-28
THERE WERE GIANTS IN
THOSE DAY

This is the 18th Of series OF articles
.hout men and women who worked. fousht
and died that America might live; men ana ana
vonen who made America great py con-
tyihutinr their own greatness to country
which founded and has endurea ~. ersT, Un Of
S.nnj1ess ss the right Of every man. The
isth articles in the series will appear next
EundaY.
La gaceta., 1942-09-28

sulta scrian primordialmente de
indole militar, en- contraposici6n a
los acuerdos de collaboration eco
monica y politica.
Ell Uruguay, amen de declarar al
Brasil como naci6n no beligerante,
estableci6 simultaneamente un ser
.vicio de v~igilancia de fronteras a
fin de impedir la entrada de nacio-
males del Eje RESIDENCES en- ell Bra
sill, Algunos que intentaron refu-
giarse en- territorio uruguayo fue-
ron detenidos en- la frontera y otros
que lograron franquear la misma
fueron expulsados del pals.
La Republica del Uruguay ha
ordenado a sus buques de guerra
asi como a unidades de su fuer-
"a aerea que persigan activamente
a los merodeadores submarines
frente a las costas de dicho pals Y
a mantener una vigilancia extricta
del %litoral. De acuerdo con ell de-
recho International cualquier pals
no beligerante esta autorizado u
adoptar las medidas anteriores.
T6cnicamente, ell derecho inter
nacional prohibe a las ~naciones pro-
porcionar In misma ayuda a Ale
mania o Italia, considerable ac-
tualmente como beligerantes. 81
un navio de guerra alemap entrase
en- cualquiera de los puertos DO les
n~aciones mencionadas, las autori-
dades de los mismos estarian obli-
gadas q exigir de dicho navio ell
levar anclas dentro del plazo de AZ
horas. Tn avi6n que aterrizase en-
un pals neutral seria internado con
su tripulaci6n hasta ell fin De las
hostilidades.
La gaceta., 1942-09-28
TEATRO CASINO
al SON de Ia Mdrimbd"

Empezara a exhibirse hoy y
durante tres dias cruzara la pan
lalla la notable pelicula maxica-
ma con cuyo titulo encabezamos
estas lineas.
Fernando Soler, actor que tan
to aprecia ell pGblico de Tampa,
es 81 protagonista y le secundan
! eXcelente baritone Emilio Tue
10 Y los actores y actrices Mari
ma Tamargo, Joaquin Pardave,
Sara Garcia, Lolita Garlic, Vir
ginia Serret y Alfredo Varela.
Buena mGsica, gracia a rau-
dales, arte, belleza y lujo.
Tn idilio complicado y salts
facci6n y algeria para todos.
La gaceta., 1942-09-28
AVENIDA
CHOQUE EN- la SEPTIMA

Anoche, en- la SGptima aveni-
ola y Gale %, chocaron una ca
micneta y un autom6vil, sufrien
do lesiones f. NJ. Rodriguez, de
So amos, vecino del 1921 de la
Cuarta avenida, Sammy Rodri-
guez, su hijo, Charlie Ferlita y
su hijo Roberto, de 5 amos. To-
dos fueron asistidos en- ell sana-
torio del Centror Asturiano. Los
cuatro viajaban en- el canton.
Guiaba 81 autom6vil y 10 ha-
ella con evidente descuido, j. B.
Fraser, de % amos.
La policia acusa a Fraser.
La gaceta., 1942-09-28

WESTINGHOUSE re-
publicas vecinas de la America
meridional han adoptado di-
versus medidas ~practicas de
cooperation con ell Brasil. A
raiz de su declaration de que
ira contra ell Eje, seis paiSes
acordaron clasifcar al Brasil
como naci6n no beligerante.
Los aludidos psises son los ST
guientes: Argentina, Uruguay, Be-
fivia, Chile, Colombia, y Peru. Los
otros tres paises sudamericanos Sc
preparaban a seguir ell ejemplo.
AL adoptar la resolution de consi-
derar al Brasil como pals no beige
rante-acci6n que equivale a decla-
rar que esta naci6n habia sido
forzada a entrar EN- Ell conlicto
como MEDIA defensiva-las seis
mencionadas republicas consigna-
ban las siguientes estipulaciones:
/. Sc extendera a los navios
de la Armada del Brasil las
facilidades de los puertos en- 10
que respecta a las reparaciones
de los mismos, aprovisiona-
miento de where's, p~ertrechos
Y combustible. De acuerdo con
las clausulas del derecho inter
nacional los paises neutrales
han limitado a 4S horas ell
tempo que las naves de guerra
de naciones combatientes pue-
den permanecer en- sus puertos.
v 2. Las naciones arriba men
sionadas facilitaran al Brasil,
sin demora Y sin las restric-
clones impuestas por un pals
La gaceta., 1942-09-28

10 ppdo., nos pidieron que por
este mcdio expresaramos su a
gra1eeimiento a todas las per-
onas que de una manera u otra
Sc interesaron por q durante
su larga enfermedad, asi come
tambi5n a las que mas tarde a
compaharon sus restos hasta 81
dltimo lugar de d~aacanso y lie
enViaron ofrendas florales.
Complacida la familia Gar
cia.