davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1942-10-19

MECHANICAL WORKERS

MECHANICAL WORKERS
Tractors were displacing farm
labor. The work required to pro-
duce an acre Of wheat was half
what II had been q generation
before. Better seed gave larger
yields. There were nearly q
million people unemployed on
farms, and two million more ru-
raj families were merely subsis-
tence farmers, consuming every
thing they produced, having no
SURPRISES to sell and having no
market In which to sell them il
they did. Export markets were
gone, never to reappear. By
1850 II was feared that mechani-
cation would force up to half q
million workers off the farms.
This era Of 1880 to 1910 was
the big era of the economic plan
ners. They couldn't always agree
on anything more than the basic
principal that something should
be done. They could agree on
what was wrong-there were too
many people on the farms and
too many of them were raising
the wrong crops. But In trying
to correct those situations they
experimental with triple A,
stamp plan, resettlement pro-
jects, parity. crop loans, ever
normal granary and everything
they could think Of up to peach
twig magic.
Then along came the war to
supply the magic. Instead Of
there being too many people on
the farms, there are now too few.
Instead of no export market,
there is this tremendous lend
lease program. Instead OF the
tractor being an evil, there Is a
shortage of farm machinery.
PROBLEM UNSOLvED
This change in the picture has
by no means solved the farm
problem nor has it put the farm
planners out Of work. Their
problem now Is to find ways to
hold the gains that have been
made and to take advantage OF
the opportunity offered by the
war to make now some OF
the changes which 1t had been
hoped could be made within the
next generation.
Sec r etary of Agriculture
Claude r. Wickard points to one
of these in the desire to move
two million under-employed
farm families from the margin
al land Appalachian q r. a,
stretching from the Blue Ridge
to the Ozarks, to good land
where there Is q shortage Of la.
Dor.
Another of these problems i
to reduce cotton acreage. For 8
century, farm experts have beer
trying to get the south away
from overproducing on cotton
They have had no luck, and the
chances are they may have small
luck in the future, for the reason
that there Is no crop which will
yield 50 much cash income pei
acre. Also, Congress has a Law
that cotton acreage shall be ap'
portioned by states.
Similarly, though there Is
surplus of wheat, Congress has
law that wheat acreage shall MOI
be below IS million acres.
The stranglehold of the cottor
and wheat blocs are just q sam
pie of the prejudices which mus
be overcome IL there is to be nj
repetition Of the farm depression
after this war Is over.
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1942-10-19
DEATH VALLEY

DEATH VALLEY
Death Valley. Calf, Is about
so miles long and averages 20
to rs miles wide, from the crests
OF the en- losing mountain
ranges.
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1942-10-19
MIGRATION PROBLEMS

MIGRATION PROBLEMS
Although apparently we have decided to be hard
boiled and adopt the principle Of monPower nobizo-
tion-or if you prefer, the industrial drott-we have
not yet reached clear soiling
The public, judging from most signs, recognize
the need for this ordinarily obnoxious step. Admin
istrotive Washington presumably has convossed the
situation pretty thoroughly else conny polite
ian as Paul w. Mckutt would not have gone over
board for the deo
All this could do more harm than good, however,
unless the men who are to droft the final bill shall
think their way through many lurking pitfalls, and
shall find workable solutions for problems that could
bring bitter resistance to the working Of monPower
droft.
For one example out of many there ore the WIDE
y differing stote settlement laws which everywhere
except in Rhode Island provide that persons must live
there for specified periods before being eligible for
any kind Of public assistance.
A worker might be understondoby bitter if he
we're required to leave his own stote-which would
ban him from relief or other public assistance otter
he had been gone six months-to work in another
which would not help him in distressunt he had lived
there two years, or even five years.
The boon.town housing problem, Of course, we
have always with US. Wnot provision VIII De m0Oe
for the family man who is required to take q war
Job hundreds or thousands Of miles from home in q
community which has no living quarters for families?
Must he give up his family life?
There is the closed shop problem. When q nom
union man is required by law to go into closed
shop plant. is he thereby forced willy ny, to join
the union? II So is it left to the unions discretion
what initiation fee is to be charged?
Suppose the worker does not pay Dues other
wise falls into bad grace with the union, and is ex-
PEELED or suspended? He can't work, and he can't
refuse to work. Whot happens then? Is the indus
trioI droft to be used as arbitrary recruiting and
collection agency for labor unions2
How about the man who is getting higher wages
IN non-essentio industry than the scale in the war
industry to which he is shifted?
None Of these problems are nsoluble but all re-
quire complete devotion to winning the war.
As people we are ready for the industrial drott.
But we insist thot it shall be used solely as war
weapon and not to establish any groups sociological
concepts.
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1942-10-19
OPINION AUDIT

An interesting experiment is underway in Kansas
City The Civic Research Institute is conducting q
continuing poll to ascertain public reaction to the
conduct of the citys business.
The 'oudt" is intended, Of course, to probe public
opinion. Il hos the secondary function Of discover
ino How much the people really do think about n,u-
lnicipol problems.
AN on jnevtobIe effect would seem to be to
u g voters do more thinking obout their govern
Y kqcN more obout it. reoIze more oIertly that
IS phss to be improved or deoroded at their
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1942-10-19

At the moment some experts are soyng thot be
hind every man in uniform must be 10 industric
and agricultural workers.
For an Army Of &c, OOO. 0Oo-exclusive Of our ar:
enoI-of-democrocy function-ths would call for 100
OOO,O 900 workers, out Of population Of $4,000
600 minus fighters and minus children, the PHYSICAL
unusuobIe, the too oeed. etc.
Obviously this is impossible. There is q questio
how many ore needed to back each fighter In vie'
Of current production, better estimate may be II
toll, which still would push us hard.
Evening star., 1942-01-11
Mayors Conference
Will Meet Here

The United STATES Conference OF
Mayors, headed Lv Mayor Fiorello
La Guardia of New York, will hold
q three-day convection at the May
flower Hotel tomorrow, Tuesday and
and Wednesday.
Some 300 mayor from all over the
country are expected to attend the
sessions
The Women's Patriotic Confer
ence on National Defense will also
meet for a three day session at the
Mayflower beginning Saturday.
These are the only two conven-
tions scheduled oy the Board of
Trades Greater National Capital
Committee. T,.
Evening star., 1942-01-11
Room Survey
Under in
AnaCOStia
Project Directed
By Mrs. Francis
Walters

A survey Of billeting accommoda-
tions in Anacostia for civilian de-
tense is being made under the d.
rection of Mrs. Francis M. Walters,
jr, 2343 Green street Sc.
Those supervising the surveys IN
the various zones are: Zone l, Mr..
and Mrs F. K. Ferguson, 1901 Ridge
place Sc; zone 2, Mr.. and Mrs.
Hilmer Carlson, 1125 Chicago street
S. E., and zone 3. Mr.. and Mrs. e. L.
Willis, 1888 U place Sc. Registra-
ton for the Central Volunteer Bu-
reau is being co-ordinated, 1t was
said, with the housing survey, un-
der the supervision of Mrs. Edward
B. Morris, 1915 Ridge place Sc.
An emergency feeding unit has
been established at the Masonic Hall,
Fourteenth and U streets S E., which
is in charge of Mrs. H. E. C. Weber,
2l06 Green street Sc, assistant dep
uty warden in charge Of emergency
feeding. In this service Is Mrs. Will
liam L. Stone, whose stan includes
Mrs. Charles Snyder, Mrs. Randall
Bittle, Brs. B. H. Carmitchel, Mrs.
E. E. Scott, Mrs. r. w. Chilcoat, Mrs.
G. A. Davis, Mrs. c. E. Allen and
Mrs. Ernest White.
Mrs. Eleanor M. Keller, 1913 Pleas
ant street Sc. has been named su-
pervisor of first aid In the area.
Evening star., 1942-01-11
Series Of Book Lectures
Will Start Thursday

Beginning Thursday at 7:45 pm.
in the Central Library, Eighth and
K streets NV, the first Of series
of book lectures by members Of the
library staff will be given. The pur-
pose of the series, for seven Sue
cessive Thursday evenings. will be
to strengthen the Intellectual de-
fenses of Americans by more
thorough understanding of Ameri-
can ideals, accomplishments and po-
tentialities.
Ralph A. Beals, assistant librarian,
will discuss the American Odysseys"
at the opening meeting. Other sub
jects will be: Americas Natural
Resources" THE Frontier In Ameri-
can Literature" Religion In Ameri-
can Life" Some Books on American
Art" "The Democratic idea and its
Development in the United States" "
and "Ihe United States in the World
Of Nations"
Evening star., 1942-01-11
Five Trade Board
Committees Meet

Five board Of trade committees
will meet this week.
The Public Order Committee will
hold . luncheon session tomorrow
at 1880 pm. at the Harrington
Hotel.
Tuesday the membership group
will meet at 12:40 pm. in the board
Of trade offices and Thursday at
1890 pm. the charities and correc-
tions group will hold a luncheon
meeting at Olmsted Grill.
Two sessions are scheduled for
Friday. At 1890 pm. the Public Util-
tiles and Transportation Committee
will meet for luncheon at the Har-
rington and at tbs pm. the Mid
winter Dinner Committee will meet
In the board ofices.
Evening star., 1942-01-11
Junior Board
Will Hear
NeWSnan
Moody to Speak
At Luncheon
Thursday

Blair Moody. Washington corre-
spondent for the Detroit News. will
discuss postwar planning at the
regular weekly luncheon of the
Junior Board Of Commerce Thurs
day at 1890 pm. at the Annapolis
Hotel. Millard wsst, jr.. president,
will preside.
It also was announced the Junior
Board first-aid Class will meet at
Central High School Friday at 7:30
pm. Geoffrey Cleyke is chairman
and Jesse Aiken Instructor.
Tomorrow at 1880 pm. the ON
GERS will meet at Taft House Inn.
Tuesday the Publ: Health Commit
tee will meet th're at 1890 pm.
and at 8:15 pm. the public relations
group will meet ir the board offices.
The On-to-Dallas Committee will
gather Wednesday at BIS pm. at
the home of R9bert Ewing. 6l8
Greenwich street, Falls Church, Va.
Evening star., 1942-01-11
Panamanian Will Speak
Al 6, ". j. Conference

Manuel Mendez, 21-year-old stu
dent at George Washington Univer-
sity Law School, will be the first
student to speak at the inter-Amer-
ican conference of the university at
8 o'clock Monday and Tuesday eve
nings in the auditorium of the
United States Chamber of Com
merce.
Senior Mendez, son of the founder
of the University of Panama, will
speak on Latin American Youth
Looks at the United States"
Other speakers will be Ambassa-
dor Francisco Najera of Mexico,
James S. Carson. vice president Of
the American Foreign Power Co. OF
New York, and Dean Henry Grattan
Doyle, dean of Columbian College
and professor of romance languages
at the university.
Evening star., 1942-01-11
Business Groups
10 Associations
Will Meet

Ten businessmen's groups and the
Federation of Businessmen's Asso-
Citations are scheduled to meet this
week. The meetings:
Monday.
Brookland-W Woodbridge - Regular
meeting, 2004 Rhode Island avenue
NE, $50 pm.
Southeast-Regular meeting, 3l4
Pennsylvania avenue Sc. 8:l5 pm.
Park View Regular meeting,
Georgia avenue branch Of the City
Bank, 36O8 Georgia avenue NV,
$50 pm.
District Hairdressers - Regular
meeting, Mayhower Hotel, 9 pm.
Tuesday.
Connecticut avenue - Regular
meeting, Mayflower Hotel, $50 pm.
Columbia Heights-Luncheon and
Regular meeting, Sholl's Cafe, 1927
Fourteenth street NV, noon.
West End-Regular meeting, Par
chey's, 1900 K street NV, $3.50 pm.
Wednesday.
Chevy ChaSe-Regular meetlng,
Ho-Toy Restaurant, 5522 Connecti-
cut avenue NV, pm.
Thursday.
Federation-Dinner meeting. Hay
Adams House, Sixteenth and H
streets NV, $50 pm.
Central-Luncheon and regular
meeting. New Colonial Hotel. FIJI
teenth and M streets NV, 1915
pm.
Northeast-Luncheon, Continental
Hotel, N. Capitol between D and E
streets, 1880 pm.
Calendar Notes.
The Northeast Businessmen are
scheduling their annual banquet for
February II and are having no reg
ular monthly meeting during Janu-
ary, Art Hartung, president, an
nounceS.
Evening star., 1942-01-11
In Civic: Circles

That mysterious telephone that
rings constantly during Federation
Of Citizens Associations meetings in
the District BuiHing boardroom is
beginning to get some of the dele
gates down. It's n the omce Of the
recreation section Of the District De-
fense Council, VIII ch is locked up at
night. Confused delegates have
rushed to the pa. booth IN the hall
to answer the ringing.
Civic Washington was sorrowful
last week to htar that Veteran
James F. Duhanel of the Associa-
ton of Oldest Inhabitants was
struck by an automobile at Four
teenth street ami New York ave-
nue. NV. while on his way to the
last Federation meeting. Mr.. Du-
hamel, who is 80. clips all the press
notices of the Federation delegates
and hands them out at each meet
ing. Despite his age he always
walks where he Is going. He has
been hit bS vehicles several times
before. He was taken to Emergency
Hospital.
Eta Taggart II the Washingto-
mans is collecting stamps during the
war period She wants all Fedora
ton delegates to save for her any
stamps they do Tot want.
Lawyer Ernest Henry of Petworth,
now counsel for the rent admini-
strator, in discussing the Govern
ment plan to mGve agencies out Of
the District, was oemoaning the fact
that he couldn't interest Uncle Sam
in some $4,000 square feet belong
ing to a client OF his in . downtown
section. Despite the pressure for
space, he said he hadn't even had
q nibble.
The chair is compelled to con-
clude," observed Federation PreGi-
dent Harry N. 9tuu, that the dele
gate doesn't know the right people" |"
Evening star., 1942-01-11
.$170,0 900 Estote Left
Bv Clarence A. O'Brien

Clarence A. O'Brien, Washington
patent attorney, left an estate val
ued at $4,000, mostly In stocks, &C
cording to . petition for probate Of
his will filed at District Court today.
Mr.. OBrien, who died January ;,
left his entire estate to his widow.
Mrs. Esther F. OBrien, in . win
dated November IL. 1850. Debts to-
tailed about $500, TIE court vas
told.
Evening star., 1942-01-11
Sons of Veterans Dance

Sons Of Confederate Veterans
Camp No. 305 will hold an open
meeting and dance on Tuesday at
Confederate Memorial Hall. 1872
Vermont avenue NV. Refresh
ments will be served. Southerners
come and bring your friends.
At q recent meeting the following
officers were installed:
comdr., Fred p. Myers; Second 1t. comdr..
Donald ". Clayton: adjutant, Shelton B.
Lamar; susrtermastsr; John z 1ttle;
cate. Gordon ". wilkins: historian.
Thomas A. eimons; color seyseAnt, Robert
l. Cunninkham; gufgeon, H.. 9. wagner,
Evening star., 1942-01-11
18Civic
Units Meet
This Week
Hankin, Murphy
Are Among Those
To Address Groups

10 Address Groups
Eighteen citizens associations
meetings, including the Federation
of Citizens Associations, which now
meet the first and third Saturday
of each month until adjournment
in the summer, have scheduled ses-
sions this week.
Gregory Hankin, chairman of the
Public Utilities Commission, is ex-
pected to be guest speaker at the
annual election-meeting Of the
Rhode Island Avenue Citizens As
sociation Wednesday evening. The
slate Of officers, nominated at the
last meeting, include the following:
John L. Fowler, president; Ken
meth c. Bucker, first vice president:
Mrs. Eppa L. Norris, second vice
president; Wallace E. Perry, secre-
tary: Charles F. Green, financial
secretary; Mrs. Charles Williams,
assistant secretary, and j. A. Durk-
sen, treasurer. Nominees for dele
gates to the Federation Of Citizens
Associations are w. L. Howenstein
and Fred Devine.
The Northeast Association, meet
ing tomorrow, will take up civilian
defense plans in its area and num-
Der of congressional bills affecting
the District. Also on the agenda
will be plans for q membership drive
of the group.
Chief Afraid Warden Clement
Murphy is scheduled to speak at q
meeting of the Burleith Citizens
Association tomorrow night, it was
announced.
Civilian defense and a proposal
to convert the abandoned Polk and
Henry Elementary Schools at Sew
enth and P streets NV. into a
health center, will be discussed at
q meeting Of the Logan Thomas
Circle Citizens Association Tuesday
night.
Annual election of officers will be
held at q meeting Of the Glover
Park association Friday night, II
was said. -.- -.. .......-
Following Is the schedule of the Il
citizens associations meeting thi.
week: t..e .-".
Monday.
Burleith-Gordon Junior High
School, 1919 Thirty fifth street NV.
8 pm.
Hillcrest-East Washington
Heights Baptist Church, Alabama
and Branch avenues Sc, 8 pm.
Kalorama-John Quincy Adams
School, Nineteenth and California
streets NV, 8 pm.
National Gateway-Church OF
Christ, 1925 Douglas street NE,
pm.
Northeast-Ludlow School, Sixth
and G streets NE. pm.
Park V;ew-Park View School
Warder street and Newton place
NV. 8 pm
Piney Branch - Roosevelt High
School, Thirteenth and Upshur
streets, NV, 8 pm.
West End-No. 8 police precinct
Twentieth and K streets NV, pm
| Tuesday.
Benning-Odd Fellows Hall. Ben
ming road and Minnesota avenue
NE, 8p.m.
Brookland-Masonic Hall. Twelfth
and Monroe streets NE. 8 pm.
Logan-Thomas Circle-1120 Rhode
Island avenue NV, 8 pm.
Stanton Park-Peabody School
Fifth and c streets NE, pm.
Summit Park-East Washington
Heights Baptist Church, Alabama
and Branch avenues Sc, 8 pm.
Wednesday.
North Randle Community-Port-
able school, Minnesota avenue and E
streets Sc. 8 pm.
Rhode Island Avenue-WoOdrid
branch. public library, Twenty-sec-
ond street and Rho4e Island avenue
NE, SPIN.
Friday.
Glover Park-Benjamin Stoddert
School, 4l01 Calvert street NV.
8p.m.
Takoma Park ID. C-Md0-Ta-
koma Park Branch, public library
Fifth and Cedar streets NV, pm
Saturday.
Federation-Board room, District
Building, 8 pm.
Evening star., 1942-01-11
1913 District Budget Meets
Major Civic Qualifications
Alleged Surplus Revealed as Bar
To $8OO,OOO City Participation in
Presidents EMERGENCY Fund
BY JOHN W. THOMPSON. Jr.

JOHN w. THOMPSON, Jr.
the MAN, the District budget for 19I3 before
Congress the Federation Citizens
Associations the Board Of Trade and the various civic units
overall civic position the estimates revealed IN testimony
before the Commissioners last fall
Keep anticipated
Postpone all absolutely essential capital improvements until
after the emergency.
3 Avoid boost in the water rates !
Denial Barred
sought various missing
Evening star., 1942-01-11
Michigan AIumnoe to Dine

The Michigan Alumnae Associa-
ton will hold ttg annual dinner at
7pm. tomorrow 1T Taft House Inn.
Guest speaker will be Swami Pre-
manda, Of India, who viii discuss
the science and practice Of yoga.
Mrs. Ralph Lawrence y handing
reeefvatiouS.
Evening star., 1942-01-11
BY JESSE C. SUTER.

Roard of Trade Committee Sells Many Defense Bonds
Tho Membership Committee of the Board Of Trade always
the most of that organization 1t ADOPTS
many the members their toes IN Sc
new members recently been conducting Defense
Bond selling campaign members of the organization ana
600 00 Tuesday night they reported total
of s2e2oo Most purchases mede by the more than
450O members Of the board
The committee will continue efforts more informal plan
And expects to attain grand total of $2OoO0OO
Junior Board of Commerce Doing Important Work
The Bulletin publishes interest,"
report in the Community Chest
pagn The less than secured 94 pledges toang 8
which per cent in excess OF its quota.
studying the Junior Safety Council movement.
visited Baltimore witnessed number
OF council meetings in the public schools School ofcials regard
q Baltimore
Evening star., 1942-01-11
Jobs Duuqhters

Bethel No. l on January II will
have neighborhood night and pres
ent and past honored queens night.
A rehearsal of the officers for
initiation will be on January IS at
$50 pm.
The hiking club viii meet ut the
home Of Virginia Middleton on Tues
day at 8 pm.
Albrecht. prssident: Nora Lee codfsitsf.
SECRETARY, and ORA Nardy. TREASURER.
They Win b Installed January ~.
Evening star., 1942-06-29
President Extends
Scrap Rubber Drive
Until July 10
Compoign's Yield Called
Disappointing; Iekes
Charges 'Hourding'
D. C. FACING SEVEREST
SHORTAGE of gasoline with
nrice IN 21n cents PAGE A

D. C. FACING SEVEREST
SHORTAGE of gasoline with
price up 212 cents. Page Az
President Roosevelt today ex-
tended until July 10 the Nation
wide drive to collect scrap rub
ber. The drive was to have
ended at midnight tomorrow.
The White House announced that
Mr.. Roosevelt was acting under
recommendations of Petroleum Co.
ordinatJr Jckes and William Boyd
chairman of the Petroleum Indus
try's War Council. who reported
total collections of 219,000 tons
throug.l June 81.
Saying he was expressing the
Presidents point of view, Stephen
Early, White House secretary, said:
In face OF the very serious need
for rubber, the total collections as
reported today are disappointing
Hence the continuation"
Ickes Charges Hoarding.
Mr.. IckeS as he left the White
House, commented:
I'VE suspect there are people
boarding rut Der. We suspect people
in official life as we'll as in private
life. There is good deal of rubber
in Federal, municipal and State
Offices"
Mr.. Boyd disclosed that the Dis
tricts showing in the drive was the
fifth lowest in the country on a per
lCaa PI1pPEp naaa G
Evening star., 1942-06-29
General US. Rationinc
Is Near, Henderson
Informs Congress
Nelson Says AirpIunes,
Tanks, Ships Will Be
Produced as Planned
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
A gloomy outlook for the con-
sumer-with a general ration
ing program predicted-and an
optimistic report that plane, tank
and ship obiectives will be met
was given Congress today by the
House Appropriations Commit
tee in a report on a S1,81O,487,615
defense appropriation bill.
Price Administrator Leon Hender-
son told the committee during hear
ings that heavy demands on two
groups of basic cost of living items
would mean "a general rationing
program for the entire country
before the end of the year. He
would not name the items involved
And War Production Chief DON
aid M. Nelson said the outlook for
the consumer lis very bad" espe-
cially for shoes. new homes and
driving. and to lesser extent,
clothes.
Testifying before an Appropria-
tions subcommittee, Mr.. Nelson
said on production:
Il believe that we are over the
hump, and from now on it be-
comes a question of improvement
in process. of getting better dis
tribution of raw material and see
ing that production is attuned to
strategy"
Steel Plate a Question.
Mr.. Nelson told the subcommittee
that President Roosevelt's goal of
100000 tons of shipping would be
met, and added, I'VE can beat it,
if We can get the steel plate" He
said he was certain we will meet
the tank objective"
The Government currently is
setting up facilities to meet the
quota of $4,000 planes next year,
he said, adding:
IF We can believe our statistics,
We will have enough material to do
it. The problem is to get that ma
terial in and synchronize it with
production, so that We do not have
lags; high inventories in places
where they are not needed and
shortages where the materials are
needed"
Discussing general rationing, the
committee said:
1T would be folly to name any
specific items which are likely to be
rationed. To do so would cause
immediate runs on existing stocks
and bring about rationing earlier
than ordinarily would be necessary.
Is Major Groups to Be Hit.
Mr.. Henderson told the committee
during hearings on the bill that
there would be need for rationing
of Is major groups of items and
the committee said that several were
in two of the basic cost of living
(See RATIONING, Page A-6.)