davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1942-07-24
Pocahontas Had Tomboy
Character. Saws Writer

Pocahontas really existed, al
though her name was either Mato-
aka or Matowaka. She was called
Pocahontas (sportive, playfuI be-
cause of her gay, tomboyish dispo-
sition. Born the daughter of the
American Indian chief, Powhatan,
about 1895, she was kidnapped in 1913
and taken to jamestown where she
was held as hostage for English pris-
oners in her fathers hands. Histo-
rians long have argued over the
authenticity of the tale that she
saved the life of the captured John
Smith.
She was converted to Christianity
and baptized Rebecca. In the spring
of 1914 she was married to Thomas
Rolfe, who took her to England
where she was received as a prin-
cess. In 1917, as she was preparing
to return to this country, she died
and was buried at Gravesend, Eng
land. She left one son, Thomas, who
later returned to Virginia.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1942-07-24
.sHoRT.sIGHTED FoLLYr

A, S. Goss, Master of the National
Grange, termed as "short-sighted
folly" the claims organizers of the
United Mine Workers are making in
their drive to organize farmers into
their group.
ITO promise producers that they
will receive double the price for Their
product if they will but join union
which will use force to prohibit the
marketing of the product for less
is nothing but shortsighted folly"
he said, adding that every dairy
man knows that doubling the price
of milk or butter would curtail con-
sumption enormously and would
probably result in less net profit.
Mr.. Goss, stating that he did not
believe that the efforts of John L.
Lewis to organize the dairymen as a
branch of the Miners Union would
be successful, said that such tie-up
was not feasible. ut would not APP
pear reasonable to expect that a
miners union made up of consum-
ers whose economic interest lies in
purchasing food as cheaply as pos
sible could properly represent the
producers who are dependent upon
getting fair prices for their pro-
ducts"
He said that the record of the
Miners Union in the use of force
has never appealed to farmers gen.
orally, and charged that unions have
too frequently ignored the principle
that somewhere there is level of
costs which will strike the, proper
balance between production and
consumption by promoting the max
imum consumption possible with
just returns to the producer. "The
extravagant promises made by or
ganizers for the Miners Union" he
said, would seem to indicate that
they have given this principle no
consideration"
He urged dairymen to perfect
their own organizations, made up of
their own members and under their
own control, and build and operated
according to democratic cooperative
principles. "The proposal that dairy
farmers should select branch of
the United Mine Workers Union tc
represent them" commented l.. j.
Taber, past Master of the National
Grange, would be as foolish as ask
ing the American Bankers Associa-
ton to speak in their behalf" Urg-
ing farmers to build their own or
CARNATIONS in membership and fin
ance to point where they can make
their views articulate Sin the mar
ket places, the legislative halls and
the financial centers of the repub-
lic," Mr.. Taber declared, "self-help
is after all the only help that counts.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1942-07-24
Fanatical Religions Sect

The Dorrellites were a fanatical
religious sect which fiourished in
Franklin county, Mass, at the end
of the 18th and first half of the 10Th
century. Founded by William Dor
rell, an Englishman who came to
this country with General Burgoyne,
one of the special doctrines of the
sect was that man should not eat
flesh nor cause the death of any
living creature. Accordingly the adj
herents abandoned the use of leath-
er and wore wooden shoes and used
rope for harness. Dorrell was il
literate, but he is described as hav-
ing had an impressive appearance,
an exceptional memory and great
fiuency of speech. He told his fol-
lowers that no human arm could
harm him, that he was the messiah
of his generation. Disregard of con-
ventional institutions and disgrace
full behaviour of some of the men,
bers brought the sect into disrepute
and Dorren eventually became a
public charge. In his 95th year he
starved himself to death.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1942-07-24

John Bartram, the first great
American botanist, purchased land
in Kingsessing in 1928 which became
the site of the first botanical garden
and naturalization experiments in the
United States. Born in Darby of a
Quaker family he had little formal
education, but early in life evinced
great interest in botany. Despite
his wife's disapproval he purchased
books on the subject and learned
Latin SO that he might better UNDER
stand them. Plants from all along
the Atlantic seaboard were gathered
and set in his garden. BY 1888 his
reputation had spread to Europe and
he began his famous correspondence
with the celebrated English horticul-
turist, Peter Collinson, whom he
never met. He exchanged seeds and
bulbs with all the important bot
anists of Europe. He married twice
and had II children. One son, Will
liam, also became a distinguished
botanist.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1942-07-24
These Parrots Wanted
More Than just Crackers

Not so well known, perhaps, is the
story of the kea, sturdy New Zes-
land parrot which not only survived
changes in its environment but ever
altered its food habits and prospereG
to the extent of becoming a serious
economic problem. When first dis
covered in 1856, keas inhabited rela-
lively limited areas in the rugged
mountains of the interior of South
island where they subsisted upon
mixed vegetable matter, insects and
worms. Scarcity of natural food in
this bleak habitat doubtless limited
the distribution and abundance of
keas at that time.
Permanent European settlements
were established on South island in
1889. Sheep ranching became the
principal occupation and soon vast
fiocks grazed over the highland val
1eys and plateaus. The aggressive
keas were not long in utilizing this
new source of food. In 1867 wounds
were found in the loins of many
sheep OF Otago province and IN some
instances even the entrails were seen
hanging from the ripped sides Of the
abdomen. Within a year investiga-
tors discovered keas attacking flocks
of sheep which were showed in. They
were amazed by the strength and
ferocity of the birds, which they saw
literally tearing the flesh from liv-
ing animals.
The kea population thrived upon
this unaccustomed diet and extend
ed its territory as new sheep ranges
were opened. In recent years depre-
dations by keas have been reduced
by adequate care of sick sheep and
the removal of carcasses from the
open range so that the parrots have
less opportunity to develop their per-
verified taste.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1942-07-24
Parasite Wasp Shows
1t Knows a Thing or Two

Female insects of at least one
group can regulate the sex of their
offspring. Entomologists of the
United States department of agri-
culture find that a parasitic wasp
brought here from the Orient IS
years ago to help control the Jap
anese beetle varies the treatment
of her eggs according to the size of
the host on which she lays them.
She withholds the sperms that in
sure female hatch from eggs de-
posted on the relatively small
worms-beetle larvae-that have
moulted only once to enter the stage
known as the second instar. Nearly
all the young wasps from these eggs
are males. The hatch from eggs
laid on the larger, third-instar lar
vac, however, is preponderantly fe-
male.
To prove that the female wasp
(Tiphia popilliavora) fixes the sex of
her progeny when she deposits her
eggs, the entomologists transferred
eggs laid on second-instar larvae to
third-instar larvae and those laid on
third-instar larvae to second-instar
larvae. Mostly males Matched out
on the third-instar hosts and mostly
females on the second-instar hosts.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1942-07-24
Meteorites Are Result
Of Planets Exploding

Our solar system had two addi-
tiona1 planets until about 100000, 900
years ago. They exploded about that
time, scattering. their material
through space, and the earth is now
collecting samples of what they
were made of in the form of meteor
ties. The meteorites are the pieces
of stone or iron, or both together,
that reach the earth unconsumed
when shooting star" passes
through the atmosphere.
DR.. William D. Urry of the de-
partment of physical chemistry,
Massachusetts Institute of Technol-
ogy, informed the American Asso-
citation for the Advancement of
Science at its recent summer meet
ing that he had calculated the age
of rs meteorites by measuring
their content of uranium and helium
and found that the ages ranged from
100, 100000 to 1900, 100000 years, with
most of them over 100000, 1000
years.
Using various astrophysical argu-
ments the conclusion is reached,
said DR.. Urry, that these meteorites
are the debris of two planets of our
own solar system that came to grief
within the last 100000, 900 years.
The asteroids, extremely small
planets, which number several thou
sand and go round the sun in orbits
between those of Mars and Jupiter,
are believed to be the remains of
former large planet. Some astron-
omers have sought to arrange the
asteroids into groups having COM
mon properties, and one believed he
detected three groups with some
thing in common in the elements of
their orbits, indicating that there
originally may have been three
planets in this space.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1942-07-24
War and womens Clothing

What effect will the exigencies of
war have on the American woman's
wardrobe? For one thing, women
will undoubtedly wear simpler, more
tailored costumes, believes Mrs.
Louise Pinkney Sooy, University of
California associate professor of fine
arts and instructor in costume ap-
probation for the University's Ex-
tension division. another result
that is already becoming apparent
is the simplifcation or the elimina-
ton of costume accessories. For
years we have dwelt upon the i'm
portance of correctly matched, i'm
peccable accessories for a costume.
Now suddenly, with the new sim
plicity wrought by wartime activi-
ties and lack of materials, we find
that they can more or less readily
be dispensed with. No longer will
we insist upon the matching gloves,
bag, shoes, and hat, with severe at
tention to detail"
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1942-07-24

A private at famed Kelly Field re-
Gently learned that all generals don't
wear stars.
On orders from his first sergeant,
the dazed private walked into head
quarters and proudly strobe up to
the sergeant major.
81 am to report to General Mess
at once" he said with an embar-
raised Importance. The sergeant
major looked at the young man and
then with smile in his eyes, hum
bly, told him he could find the "gen-
eral'' in the main dining room of
the new barracks.
With even more dignity and proud
ness, the private made his way to
the dining hall, only to see his castle
tumble into q litter Of pots and pans.
He was to start weeks tour of
kitchen police, the dining hall and
kitchen being called General
Mess"
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1942-07-24
SOMETHING TO GET MAD ABOUT

Ii Secretary Morgenthau is in
terested in developments in the war
calculated to make the American
people mad enough to rush in droves
% buy war bonds, he might consider
calling wide attention to the fact
that the Japanese have renamed the
wo American islands of the Aleutin
;hain on which they have landed.
Giving Japanese names to these
islands and so asserting permanent
sovereignty over territory over which
THE American flag has waved is
piece of effontery calculated to make
the American gorge rise. But it
ought also to make Americans think
about what is really in the mind of
the enemy.
1t is hard for Americans to vision
any other end of the war than over
whelming victory for the United Ma
tons, which thereupon will make
Tokyo disgorge all it's loot.
But the Japanese see it quite
otherwise. They have a powerful
navy, unlimited resources of mill
tary manpower, all the advantages
of interior lines, and air and naval
bases carefully prepared a quarter
of century ago for the present
struggle.
They will take lot of beating
and it is going to cost this country
plenty in ships, planes, armed land
forces and money to overcome the
long start of the enemy. If we do
not supply what is needed for vic
tory, we may as well make up our
minds to the future spectacle of the
enemy strutting around as lord of
lands over which the American flag
once waved.
II that doesn't make us mad
nothing will. And if we need such
an Indictment to make us buy the
bonds that furnish the money to
obtain the weapons to show Toyko
what's what, what more are we
waiting for? Evening Bulletin
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1942-07-24
Cotton Research

Botanists at the University of Tex
as are engaged in form of research
which may, they hope, result in vast
benefits to cotton growers. This de-
partment has over 10000 cotton
plants, and an effort is being made,
through cross breeding, to produce
cotton with superior fiber and per-
haps resistant to root rot and other
diseases. They are also working
along lines which they hope viii
result in finding a cotton which re-
quires minimum of moisture. Sur
veys of national textile mills have
been made and the type of machin-
cry used noted with q view of de-
vising improvements or new ma
chimes which win produce Amer
Huoda at less cost
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1942-07-24

All -four purchased for the army
in the future will be enriched with
vitamins and minerals, conforming
with standards set by the Federal
Food and Drug administration. A
further change in purchasing speci-
fies that flour is to be bought by the
barrel and in cotton sacks. En-
riched army flour is straight, hard
wheat flour which has In it specified
amounts of at least two vitamins-
thiamin (vitamin BID and niacin,
and one added mineral-iron. It
may also contain certain amounts
of two other vitamins-ribofiav
(vitamin B-2) and vitamin d. and
two minerals, calcium and phos>
phorus, but these ere not manda,
tory,
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1942-07-24
"EARLY PEACE" TALK HARM.
Full, GOVERNOR TELLS ABER-
DEEM III. S. @.

Warning his U. S. o. audience
that chose who suggest the posi-
bility of an early end to the war do
so without any appreciation or un-
derstanding of the facts as they
are, Governor Herbert r. O'Conor
tonight declared that "a few min
utes' reading of the headlines of
any of our newspapers will suffice
to convince any understanding per-
son of the tremendous difficulties
that lie ahead for America before
Victory can be won.
Governor O'Conor added, land rea-
LIKING the full extent of United Ma
lions setbacks of recent weeks, it
is possible, however, to take some
satisfaction in developments that
have indicated the growing strength
of Americas might"
From Europe now comes the
news that American made bombers
flown by American pilots, are parti-
cipating in raids upon German-held
countries and upon the centers of
the German war industries. Follow
ing the accomplishments of Ameri-
can land and sea planes in the recent
Coral Sea and Midway victories, and
the severe damage wrought upon
battleships of the Italian Fleet by
American long-range bombers, it is
safe to predict, and it is cheering to
contemplate, vastly increased parti-
cipation by American flying forces in
the fighting on Europe's second
front, now being conducted through
the air.
"These air raids are beginning to
convince the German pepole that a
formidable foe is now pitted against
them. We can hope that this final
Victory will come soon. We cannot,
however, allow our hopes to deter
our hands. Until Hitler is crushed
beyond retrieve, until the warlords
of Japan, with their armies stalled,
their Navy and flying forces beaten
into submission, realize the hope
lessness of their battle for suprem-
acy in the Far East, until that day,
we must continually step up our war
effort, we must leave undone no
single thing that could possibly con-
tribute to overwhelming and final
United Nations Victory.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1942-07-24
PERMANENT RATIONING OF
GASOLINE

The OPA announced that plans
for permanent gasoline rationing for
the East, effective July %, provide
all passenger car owners are entitled
to A books based on 1880 miles of
driving a year, and containing six
pages of eight coupons each-each
coupon worth four gallons. Applica-
ton for supplemental rations may
be filed when motorists register
for A books on July 8, 10, and II.
In order to qualify for supplemental
B or G books, motorist must prove
occupational driving is in excess of
1900 miles year, and that he has
formed car-sharing club. ST. and
So books, for trucks, taxis, ambu-
lances and government vehicles will
contain each coupon good for Ave
gallons.
Filling stations may give prefer
ences to defense workers, trucks
and ambulances, after posting no.
tices to that effect, if their supplies
are insufficient to meet all demands,
OPA ruled. The Office suspended
deliveries to many filing stations.
oCD asked 5000 defense coun-
ellis in the East to establish machin-
cry for bringing automobile owners
together in car sharing clubs.
Tire and tube quotas for July
were increased over June to take
care of greater wear during the hot
summer months.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1942-07-24
IT'S ABOUT TIME WE FORGOT
ABOUT SHOWERS FOR
DURATION

The British hostess who puts q
loaf of bread and knife on the
table, letting her guests cut off
what they want and no more, and
who neglects to put on bread-and-
butter plates, leaving her guests to
put butter and jam on their bread
directly from the dishes in which
those are served, is doing the Soc
tally correct thing.
It's new scheme for keeping as
little food as possible from going
to waste. War has changed and is
fast changing many phases of social
uuge, even for the etiquette-con-
scious British
A social custom that ought to be
put aside the way Britain is putting
aside bread-and- butter plates
And it is one that women could
rule out themselves. In small towns
and all but the largest cities it is
cutomary for a prospective brides
friends to give showers for her. 1t
isn't at all unusual for a girl to
have as many as six or eight showers
5ANSh AOi uOl Wy AAlCAuS WIN arc
anxious to see her we'll stocked with
linens. dishes, lamps, and brio a
brac.
The hardship isn't on the friend
who gives the shower, or on the
bride who has to exchange Duplicate
presents and find space in her clos
cts for pile of things she'll never
use.
The hardship is on the friends of
the bride who are invited to every
shower given for her, and who,
even if they can't show up for the
party, are expected to buy gift,
wrap it in paper covered with pink
umbrellas and send it to the party.
That is tough enough on brides
friends any time-but now when
most people are economizing it is
often real hardship
So why don't the women of Amer
lea put an end to this accepted
form of gold digging for the dura-
ton? Brides would still have their
wedding gifts, even if there weren't
single shower for them.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1942-07-24
EMPLOYEES BUY DEFENSE
SAVINGS BONDS

Having co-operated with the Ma
tional Campaign for employee pur-
chase of Defense Saving Bonds, the
Conowingo Power Company an
nounces that it's employees have
voluntarily signed up 1909 for this
activity The Company has recently
received a Minute Man Flag from
the United States Treasury Depart
ment, which is awarded to these
compares, 500 or more of whose
employees subscribe to the purchase
of Defense Saving Bonds.
When organization for Civilian
Defense was started in this area and
the need for blackout preparation
was apparent, the Company provided
and installed special emergency
switches for control of street light
ing in the various communities it
Wardens, assigned from the local
serves, and has instructed Air Raid
Civilian Defense organizations, in
the operation of these switches. This
was done to provide means of i'm
mediate local control of street light
ing illumination during blackout
periods.
Due to the Importance of main
tanning electric service in the home
during emergency periods, and the
Company's increased responsibility
for the supply of electric service to
the many important defense indus
tries which have located in this ter
ritory, the Conowingo Power Com
pany has felt the need of an internal
organization of it's employees to
deal with circumstances which
might arise as result of some war
emergency. The Company is cooper
ating with the local Defense Coun-
Gil in this activity, and is employ
ees are organized as a specialized
unit of the local defense organiZa
tion Voluntary employee units have
or are receiving training in such es-
sentials of first aid, fire fighting,
policing and protection of essential
utility property. Arrangements have
been completed for use of this train
ed personnel if the need should
arise.
In order to save tires, and CO.
operate with the National Program
of conserving rubber and gasoline,
the Company has instituted a policy
of readig it's outlying meters every
three months. Cards are furnished
during the intervening two months
so that customers who wish to re-
ceive bills based on actual consump-
ton may mark the reading of their
meter on the card, and return it to
the Company. Those who do not re-
turn cards receive bills based on an
estimate of previous usage. AS
the third monthly bill is based on an
actual meter reading, this will cor
rect any difference between the es-
timated monthly bills and the actual
use as registered by the meter dur
ing the three month period. The
Company reports that this conser-
walton effort has met with wide ap-
prevail as evidenced by the return of
more than 7O% of the cards, many
of which bearing expressions of ap-
prevail and comments on willing
ness to do anything that will in any
way aid the national war effort.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1942-07-24
JUNE MILK PRICES ANNOUNCED

Announcement of minimum prices
tob paid by IS handlers in the
Philadelphia milk marketing area to
more than $500 farms in Pennsyl-
vania, New Jersey, Maryland and
Delaware for milk delivered to han
dlers' plants during the month of
June, was made July Is by w. P.
Sadler, Market Administrator.
Under the terms of the Federal
Milk Marketing order, for the Phila-
delhia milk marketing areas, each
handler reports by the 8th day of
the month the disposition of the
milk he received from farmers dur
ing the preceding month. The Or
der further provides two class of
use for milk--Class I for fluid milk,
valued for June at $3.58 per hun
dredweight-- and Glass III for cream
and other manufactured products,
valued for June at $2.226 per hun
dredweight. These values are for
40 milk f. o. b. Philadelphia.
From these reports the Market
Administrator computes and an
nounces by the 18th day of the
month uniform price to be paid
by each handler to farmers who de-
livered milk during the preceding
month.
can analysis of handlers re-
ports" Sadler said, shows that a
total of more than "a million lbs,
valued at more than $4,000 00 was
included in the reports for June. I"
This, he said, represents a de-
crease of approximately 6% from
May and an increase of approximate
ely 80 over April, the first month
under which the Philadelphia Milk
Marketing order was in effect. Five
handlers withdrew from business in
the marketing area Two handlers
appear on the announcement for the
first time"
More than So million pounds of
milk were used in Glass 1 or APP
proximately 74% of the total de-
liveries. Compared to May, the pro-
portion of milk used in Glass / in
creased 40.
Using the aggregate of milk de-
livered and it's corresponding value,
a weighted average value per cwt.
of milk (46.5 quarts) of 40 butter
fat, (. o. b. Philadelphia would be
53.228. For the months of April and
May this value was $3.196 and
$3.194, respectivel.