davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-01-15
The Political Mill
Energetic Action at Lost Hos Se' Up Management
Of War Effort to Operate at Maximum Speed

war is a ,,ar more serious threat
to the American people than it
had believed. The country had
been tolc so often that 1t would
not become involved in the wars
abroad that many Americans had
come to relieve this to be a fact
and even those who feared 1t
would bt impossible to remain
aloof from the conflict had set
tied into complacency.
Industry and labor alike were
responsible for the lack Of speed
in developing the defense pro-
gram-ard Government also, for
not prodd ng both into action. In
a final burst of speed, the in
dustries If the country last year
turned cut great quantities Of
very useful articles, from automo-
biles to pms. BY so doing, 1t let
the progrim for arms and NUM-
tions lag Labor, for its part,
struggled for better pay, for dif-
ferent working conditions, for
organization of unions and for
the closet shop. With frequent
and costly strikes goingson, the
defense program was able to
make progress much too slowly.
Maximum Speed Indicated.
With the War Labor Board to
see to it hat there are no more
interrupt ons of work in war
plants, aid with Mr.. Nelson and
his aides making decisions which
will insure prompt action on the
supplies ordered by the Army
and the Navy, the war prepara-
tions Of the United States should
proceed it q maximum rate Of
speed. The War Labor Board.
presumably, is to see that both
manufacturers and labor get a
square deal. Incidentally, it can
see to il that there is no runa-
way spirh increase In industrial
Evening star., 1942-01-15
New Army Air Corps Setup
To Speed Output Of Planes

To speed up the procurement Of
the $4,000 warplanes set as a two
year goal by President Roosevelt, the
War Department today announced
an administrative reorganization Of
the Office Of the Chief Of the Army
Air Corps under Maj. Gen. Walter
r. Weaver, new incumbent.
The reorganization already is tax
ing place. Aside from procuring and
delivering the planes to the Army,
another purpose Of the new setup
is to expedite the training of the
thousands Of pilots, bombardiers.
navigators. enlisted technicians and
other aviation specialists required
for the enlarged air program.
The plan was said to provide for
closer coordination within Gen.
Weaver's ONCE and more effective
cooperation with the Army Air
Forces and the Air Force Combat
Command. 1t involves a regrouping
Of the former divisions under the
chief Of the Air Corps.
The new pla nalso supersedes the
recently announced reorganization
of the training and operations di-
vision, which was divided into three
divisions dealing with training, op-
erations and communications.
Evening star., 1942-01-15

get set for an MAI G. Fielding Eliot.
attack in force on Java and Su-
matra before the Allies can regain
air and naval supremacy in the
surrounding waters.
The farther the Japanese can
push out their air bases into the
outlying Dutch islands, the more
time they can gain, for it is already
clear that the Allies must be very
cautious in operating battleships or
aircraft carriers within the radius
of action of enemy bombardment
aviation.
The successful Japanese attack on
Tarakan Island is an example Of
this strategy. They could hardly
have hoped to take over the oil
fields in any condition for immedi-
ate use. What they wanted was q
base of operations covering the
Macassar Strait, one of the two
principal passages through the
Dutch Islands toward the Philip
pines. The report that a convoy
Of troop ships, escorted by six heavy
cruisers and six destroyers, is going
south from Tarakan perhaps sug-
gests that the japanese are going
to seek a further landing on the
coast Of Dutch Borneo, possibly at
Balikpapan, or on the west coast
Of Celebes. The occupation Of Tar
akan would be necessary prelimi-
nary.
Anxious Over Malucca.
The japanese landings on the
Minahassa Peninsula of Celebes,
and their air attack on Ternate,
betray an equal anxiety as to the
control OF the Malucca Passage, the
other main waterway through the
Dutch islands in this vicinity. The
extent to which these air operations
have drawn upon the Japanese re-
serves of air power Is indicated by
the outcome Of the artillery battle
at Luzon yesterday, when II Japa-
nese batteries were put out Of action
by American guns. This seems
hardly conceivable If the Japanese
were able to concentrate heavy air
attacks against the American fir
ing positions.
Viewing this situation from an
other angle, we note considerable
evidence Of increased American
air strength in the Netherlands In
dies, where the Japanese have by
no means been having it all their
own way. 1t seems quite likely that
the waters round and about Borneo
and Celebes and the islands lying
east Of Celebes may be the scene of
increasing air and naval activity
IN the near future as Allied pressure
develops against the japanese.
Another source Of anxiety for the
Evening star., 1942-01-15

excellent and has plans, in view
OF chaotic political conditions of
the world, to fight on either side.
AS far as their feelings go
there is no question that the
Turks would rather fight-if they
have tom the side of the Allies.
But Turkish leaders learned long
ago that emotionalism in politics
does not pay, hence the momen-
tary military situation Of both
the Allies and the Axis Is being
carefully weighed at Ankara.
II the Germans had pressed
a the Turks a few months ago for
a decision the Ankara govern
ment more than likely would
have been compelled to yield to
the Nazis. They we're next door.
in Bulgaria and Greece, while
the British were still far away.
Moreover, they had but little
hope OF obtaining modern war
equipment from the British at
that time.
Turks Fear Russia Most.
The situation has changed.
Besides the fact that the United
States is in the war. tanks and
planes are now reaching the
Near East from America in suf-
f1cient quantities to permit some
to be diverted to the Turks Also.
the British Imperial Army in
the Near East is an imposing
force, which could join with the
Turks instantly if they chose to
fight the Axis.
But what may weigh more
than anything else in persuading
the Turks to throw in their lot
with the United Nations is their
conviction that a United States
promise guaranteeing the present
Turkish borders would hold good.
The one power the Turks fear
more than any other is the
Soviet Union. 1t is not that
President Inonu is afraid Com
munist doctrines may spread
through the country, for the
sturdy Turkish peasant cannot
be won over to Communist
theories, and the industrial pop
Evening star., 1942-01-15
Allied Pressure Developing
Luzon Bottle Indicates Jops Are Being Forced
To Scotter Air Strength to Other Sectors

Japanese Is the increasing British
air and land strength IN Burma,
from which attacks are being di-
rected against the Japanese lines
OF communication and supply depots
in Thailand.
This is not to say that 1t is rosy
picture from the Allied point Of
view; not by any means. The jap
anese by seizing the initiative have
gained great advantages, and there
as yet is no indication of q firm
British stand in Malaga, where the
British are still falling back. Neither
do we have as yet any evidence Of
development Of counteroffensive
either in Malaga or from Burma:
there is no certainty that the Brit
ish strength in the latter place Is
any more than equal to defensive
requirements at the present time.
But the Japanese are fighting
against time, as previously pointed
out. Their air power is becoming
more and more scattered, more and
more widely extended, in their des-
perate effort to cover the main
theater of war and hold the Allies
at a distance. There are definite
limitations to this type of strategy,
especially when 1t be considered
that the Japanese must maintain
adequate forces in their Mandated
Islands to watch the direct approach
from Pearl Harbor; that they still
have q war in China on their hands,
with an active and vigorous enemy
now taking the offensive against
them; and that they can never az
ford to forget the brooding shadow
Of the Russians in the north.
Question of Resources.
The Allied problem in the Far
East is not so much one of whether
it would be possible to relieve Singa-
pore and Luzon and drive the Jap
anese back on the defensive If an
all-out Allied effort were made to
do so. It is rather one Of the
amount and character Of the re-
sources which can be allocated to
such an effort without weakening
vital positions in the Atlantic and
the Mediterranean. After all, Ger
many is the main enemy and the
most dangerous one. This must al
ways be kept in mind by those who
are charged with directing Allied
strategy. On the other hand. they
must also ask themselves whether
they dare to face complete defeat in
the Pacific, such defeat as would
result from Japanese occupation Of
Singapore and the Netherlands In
dies-whether the results OF such a
catastrophe might not have a most
serious effect on the conduct Of the
war against Germany.
Considering the comparatively
limited fighting forces which are
now actually available to the Allies,
and their heavy responsibilities in
various parts Of the world. these are
problems which call for the most
carefully considered examination.
tcoDyrish.. 1s41. New York Tribune. IncJ
Evening star., 1942-01-15
BY CONSTANTINE BROWN

Latest reports from Ankara in
dicate increased tension among
the leaders Of Turkey. Neither
President Ismet Inonu nor the
rest of the cabinet have made up
their minds which way to go
with the Allies or the Axis
when the time comes to make q
final decision.
Turkeys leaders realize, now
ever, that the time for them to
choose between the Axis and the
United Nations is dangerously
close. While awaiting develop
ments, the Turks are perfecting
their ornaments and defensive
power the best they can. There
is no lack Of weu-trained soldiers
In Turkey; the general stan Is
Evening star., 1942-01-15
This Changing World
Ankoro Seen Throwing in Its Lot With Allies
HU. s. Guarantees Turkish Borders

ulation is relatively small. Fur
thermore. Turkish authorities
have their own summary method
Of dealing with agitators: they
simply hang them.
Turkish readiness to repress
harshly subversive elements was
manifest In 1920 and 1921, when
relations between Turkey and
Russia were extraordinarily close.
The Moscow government sent
Turkeys hberator, Kemal Alta
turk, the war material he needed
to fight the French and British,
and q number of skilled Com
munist agitators, too. Kemal paid
for the war material with cash
and efIusive thanks-and hung
all the agitators.
Historic Aspirations.
Turkey has her eye. however,
on Russia's historic aspirations.
She fears that Russia may follow
her traditional urge, dating from
the days Of Peter the Great, and
press through the Straits.
In conversations between
American of1icial and unofhcial
representatives hig h ranking
Turkish authorities have pointed
out that the U. S. S. R. is in such
a commanding position in the
war, because of its repulse Of
Hitler's legions, that it could de-
mand and obtain almost any
thing it wanted, so long as its
requests did not injure major
British interests.
Should the Russians, as the
Evening star., 1942-01-15

union chiefs do not point to the
japanese as responsible but prefer
to attack the auto managements
for not converting sooner.
What would be most constructive
would be a statement by the Pres
ident of the United States as to
why auto production was continued
through 194l and why 1t has been
discontinued since. The American
people are entitled to the truth.
Evening star., 1942-01-15

program. Il have no SnghteSt
doubt that a great deal can be
accomplishments it must be &C
complished," he said. His own
committee will continue to keep a
watchful eye on the progress Of
the program and the expenditure
of the vast sums of money which
Congress already has appropri-
ated and will continue to appro-
pirate. His theory is that 1t is
the duty of Congress to follow
through, after it has authorized
and made available the expendi-
ture of money, and to see that
the. country gets value received,
as we'll as that it shall have the
required war weapons.
Austin's Approval Emphatic.
Approval of the Presidents new
executive order creating Mr.. Nell
sons new job was expressed gen.
orally by Republicans and Demo-
Gratis. Senator Austin Of Ver-
mont, assistant Republican leader
Of the upper house. was emphatic
in saying that the President had
acted rightly. He was confident.
he said, under the new order 1t
would be possible for the country
to go ahead efficiently in the ma
jor duty Of producing all the arms
and munitions that the armed
forces needed to bring victory.
The country could not expect. he
added, efficiency in production
similar to that which Is had dur
ing the last six months Of the
First World War, after President
Wilson had placed the entire re-
sponsibility for war production on
the shoulders Of Bernard M. Ba-
ruch, head Of the War Ipdus-
tries Board at that time.
With the creation Of the new
War Labor Board to handle all
disputes that may arise between
labor and management to plague
the production Of war materials,
and the new industrial setup. the
pattern by which this country
was able to 60 ahead successfully
to build up a great Army and
Navy and to furnish 1t with all
needed munitions and arms is
again taking shape. Before long
there will be established by law
the Office of Price Control Ad-
ministrator, with one man at
its head. The only difference be-
tween this arrangement and that
dealing with prices In the last
war is that the control Of prices
will be centralized. In 1918 three
men-former President Herbert
Hoover, dealing with food; DR..
Garfield, dealing with fuel, and
Mr.. Baruch, dealing with war
munitions. The new control will
be more ar-reaching-and more
general.
Listlessness Vanishes.
The country has been at war
five weeks. In that time these
important steps have been taken
by the President. The listlessness
which was far too prevalent in
the strictly national defense"
period as distinguished from
actual war has largely vanished.
The country had a rude awaken
ing in the Pacific Ocean area Of
the war. It has learned that the
Evening star., 1942-01-15

Indeed the pat
tern of Japa-
nese strategy as
q whole Is un-
folding q little
further. Th e
] an ese, as
p r e v / o u s ! y
pointed out in
t h e Sc articles,
are playing for
time. Their pur-
pose is to reduce
Luzon and Sing
apore nd to
Evening star., 1942-01-15
Fraternity PIuns Induction

Alpha Kappa Psi. professional
commerce fraternity. will induct its
17th national alumni chapter at
. banquet ct 8 pm. Friday at the
Hay-Adams House. The ceremony
will be conducted by Dr.. Roy B.
Kester of the school Of business Of
Columbia University.
Evening star., 1942-01-15

laoor politicians
3 q u a re them
selves with the
rank and file Of
G. I. o. union
IA e m b ers who
have been told
that member
ship In a union
Is q panacea.
The new plan
asks the Federal
Government to
create a privi-
legged class of
Evening star., 1942-01-15

OI1ceS nave hdQ
typewriters.
No editor has
ev er required
that a reporter
be able to sit
down at a ma
chine and write
any faster than
this Is bein Z
" ritt en- now,
which Is to say
at the rate Of
about IS words
a minute. in.
Evening star., 1942-01-15
BY MAI. GEORGE
FIELDING ELIOT.

We are now seeing the serious
strategical results Of the Japanese
occupation Of Davao and of posi-
tions on the coast OF British Borneo.
Evening star., 1942-01-15
Auto Makers
Blamed by
6. !. O.
Union Is Charged
With Failure to
Tell Workers Truth
BY DAVID LAWRENCE,

A new Reuther plan has emerged
This one is easier to understand
than Its predecessor, but 1t has
the same ohjective-to help the
Evening star., 1942-01-15

CHE opinions OF the oers this their not
necessarily The Stars Such opinions presented IN The
Stars effort gipe sides of questions interest to its
although such opinions be contradictory among
themselves and directly opposed to The Stars.
Evening star., 1942-01-15
|McLemoIre-
BIockout Dooms Hunt
And Peck Typists
BY HENRY McLEMORE,

MIAMI BEACH, Fla.-The hunt
and peck typewriting system has
been standard in newspaper ofaces
for as many years as newspaper
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1939-1949, 1942-10-29
Second Front?
Nation Now Fights
On Seven Fronts
Speaker at Navy Day
says war has already
killed record number

This area observed its first official
Navy Day ceremony last Tuesday at
the Pasco city hall. Lieut.. w. l.. De-
war, official representative of the
headquarters of the 18th Naval Dis
trict in Seattle, was the principal
speaker of the day, and emphasized
that everyone has to do his share
to help our boys on the front. He
stated that twice as many men
have been killed in this war alone as
in all the wars in the history Of
the country. 1t. DeWar referred to
the question that is in the minds
of many: "Wten. are we going to
start the second front?" by refer
ring them to maps showing that we
are fighting on seven fronts at
present. s Z
The Pasco American Legion start
ed the ceremonies by raising the
colors, as the combined high school
bands of Pasco and Kennewick
played the Star Spangled Banner.
Both bands also played other Sc
lections.
A contingent of sailors was pres
ent to represent the naval base,
and a squadron of planes performed
maneuvers over the city. -
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1939-1949, 1942-10-29
No Contests
Appear inCity's
Primary Election
Four want another
term; Stradling, Car
penter new names

In spite of the fact that the newly
elected city councilmen will be ELI
grille to receive five dollars per
meeting for attendance, there will
be no contests on the primary bal
lots. Filings include but one cam
didate for each of the eight vacan-
cies. So the city primary election,
to be held Tuesday along with three
other separate elections, will not
be very difficult for the election
boards to count.
In the first ward there will be two
vacancies for councilman. Roger
Records term will expire and he is
a candidate for reelection. The term
of George Turner has two more
years yet to run, but he has re-
signed and j. L. Stradling has filed
for his position. Joe can't draw his
pay for another two years, because
the original term has not yet ex-
pired.
Larry Oliver, councilman at large,
is also candidate for reelection.
His name will be on all three ward
ballots, as will also that of II. E.
Huntington, as candidate for treas
urer.
In the second ward Lawrence
Scott has filed for reelection, and
in the third ward Art Carpenter has
filed for councilman to fill the va
cancy caused by the expiration of
Mckinley Desgranges' term. He did
not file for reelection.
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1939-1949, 1942-10-29
Election of Supervisors
Held Saturday, Nov. z

The election of three supervisors
Tor the East Benton Soil Conserva-
ton District will be held Saturday,
Nov. z.
Two polling officers have been ap-
pointed and will serve in the cleo
ton which will be held in the AAA
assembly room in Kennewick, and
the Richland Irrigation Office in
Richland. The polls will be open
from l to 8 p. m. Ed Frauen, Mrs.
Lulu Hampton, Bernard Slocumb,
and Miss Mary Spain will serve at
the Kennewick polling place, and
harold Wilson, Lynn Colley, Dave
Allen, and Mrs. Joe Willard at Rich
land.
All persons, firms, and corpora
ions who hold legal or equitable
atle to any land lying within the
district are eligible to vote.
The five nominees approved by
the State Soil Conservation Com
mlttee are H. r. Deranleau and G. F.
fletcher, Richland area; j. w. Grim
shaw, Frank Lampson from Kenne-
WICK area and G. E. Hunt from the
wheat and range area.
1t is hoped that one man from
each area will be elected thereby
giving a representation from each
VI the land use divisions of the dis
trict.
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1939-1949, 1942-10-29
Only One Real Issue
Hal Holmes Says

Declaring that the fight for Ameri-
can freedom must he carried on at
home as well as on the worlds bat
tlefronts, Hal Holmes, of Ellens-
burg, republican candidate for Con-
gress in the Fourth district, is clos
ing his general election campaign
with an appeal TO the citizens of
the district to go to the polls on
Tuesday, Nov. 3. ......
Il urge you TO take advantage of
your American privilege and vote
next Tuesday" Holmes said. Go TO
the polls and vote for the man OF
your choice; by no other single act
can you make as great a contribu-
ton to the preservation of the
American way Of life" ss
In closing his campaign, Holmes
reiterated that be has made only one
pledge: To support the administra-
ton and the nations military lead
ers TO the limit in the prosecution Of
the war. The war is the main
issue of this campaign" he said.
with this nation fighting for its
life in great war, no other issue
can be as important, and nothing
can be allowed TO interfere with the
job Of winning the war. I promise
that If you send me TO Congress
I will support the war effort to the
limit" .-.
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1939-1949, 1942-10-29
Law Makes Liars
Tire Board Man
Declares
Statement required
that applicant hasn't
exceeded speed limit

There are approximately 1900 liars
in this end of Benton county, one
of the members of the local tire "a
tioning board estimates. With about
5000 car owners in this end of the
county, perhaps half, he figures
have already appeared before the
board.
Under regulations, the board re-
quires an affidavit that the appli-
cant will not and has not operated
his vehicle at speed greater than
IS miles per hour now designated
So far only one man has refused to
sign such an affidavit. There is
one other man in the county who
has never, in the twenty years he
his owned the car, driven at a great
er speed than thirty-five miles now
made the maximum legal rate.
The board member making the
above computation figures that no
man can sign such an affidavit
without committing perjury-trat ii
is impossible, in the average car OPP
Grafton, to never exceed the 35-mile
speed limit.
So when you apply for tires or re-
caps and are asked to sign that af-
fidavit, be assured that the board
will accept it, but with strong mental
reservations. sits just making liars
out of the entire population" is the
way the board member expressed
his opinion of that requirement.
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1939-1949, 1942-10-29
Local Guard Unit
Learns Commando
Style of Fighting
Use weapons made Of
wood to avoid injury;
enlistments open

Rennewick Company, a reserve
unit of the washington State Guard,
last week received instruction and
practice in certain preliminary phas-
es OF guerilla warfare and COM
mando tactics, voluntarily admins
tered under the expert guidance OF
1t. o. CI. Gillum OF the Pasco Naval
Training Base. With the aid OF
dummy revolvers, bayonets and
knives, fashioned of wood TO avoid
minor casualties among the local
trainees, the proper use and means
of protecting oneself against bod
lily injury in combat involving these
instruments of warfare was effec-
lively demonstrated.
This is only one OF the many in
teresting training features embodied
in the winter program OF activity
intended for the local unit which
assemblies weekly from to 10
O'Clock each Monday evening IN the
Kennewick grade school gymnasium.
The Kennewick company Is now
entering upon its sixth month OF
organized effort and anyone desir-
ing to enlist is encouraged to do
SO by being present and making
known his intention at any regular
Monday evening session. Full par
ticulars will be given gladly to any
who may wish further information
concerning the Washington State
Guard Reserve.