Evening star., 1942-12-20
UNITED NATIONS SEEK PERMANENT PEACE
Hope for Program VIII Aid AL Countries

against US. would be extremely uncom-
Portable.
4. Since nations may withdraw from
this association, universal membership
might be quite as much OF mirage as it
was in the league. The new league, like
the old, would tend to become one of
two hostile combinations.
S. A confederation has never worked
efi1ciently. Since the association pre-
sumably would have no power to lay
and collect taxes 1t could readily be
starved to death. The organization
would not generate a worldwide popular
loyalty Policemen and inspectors are
rarely loved. Since its power is suscepti-
BILE of abuse, the organization would not
create a general sense of security.
6. Without having guaranteed security.
the association, like the league, would
find limitation Of armaments impossible.
Assuming that a limitation of some
basis were agreed upon, 1t could not be
enforced. International inspection is
likely to be inadequate for financial If
not for political reasons.
7. In the absence Of real disarmament,
the international force would have to
be very large, its administration becom-
ing complicated and its operations costly.
How would 1t act, for example, II the
aggression took the form Of "ffth col
umn" subversion?
8. The provisions for peaceful change.
for legislation, arbitration and judicial
IofA of
For example, to include the small ma
tions in the assembly and to exclude
them from the council would result. at
best, in protracted delays and, at the
worst in absolute paralysis. To take
another example, If domestic questions
are to be excepted from compulsory In
ternational settlement, how are such
questions to be defined? Do they in
clude immigration, tariffs, propaganda
and the like?
The above is a large sample Of Mr..
Millspaughs impartial presentation Of
arguments for each Of the II important
proposals.
He candidly comedies there are many
other arguments for and against each
plan. His purpose is strictly provocative.
He wants the American citizen to begin
thinking about the second biggest prob
lem in the world. -
President Harold G.. Moulton of the
Brookings Institution forcefully states
the reason why this clearly written book
was published at this time. In FORE
word he writes:
From the fact that every proposal
is attacked as well as defended the
reader should not infer that nothing can
be done or should be attempted. Some
choice must be made from proposals
having the range and nature Of those
discussed in this book.
Whatever plan may be chosen or de-
vised. arguments can and will be made
against it. There Is no such way a
an unobjectionable way to prevent war.
Peace has its price. Risks must be run.
Each one Of us has the responsibility as
a citizen to make up his mind which of
these various proposals, singly or in COM
bination. he believes to be the best. The
United States must adopt policy"
Those who are optimistic over the pos
s.h:lity of an international organization
will find much in the book to tighten
their optimism. The pessimistic will
find new dark shadows in the arguments
against each and all proposals. The un-
pre1udiced reader viii find it an under
standable guide through a bitter con-
troversy that is certain to develop a.
We come nearer to the day Of victory.
Hrins'd s' fesst:l sa: =. snisss.sss, with the st.