davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-06-22
Freight Loodines

NEW YORK. June 22 P.-Revenue
freight cars handled by railroads report
ing today for the week ended june 20 in
eluded:
June 20 week. Year ago.
Baltimore A. Ohio 6s.5 54S 66,696 64,1b7
Evening star., 1942-06-22

Spot cotton closed STEADY: 10 points
hiefer. Sales, $50: low middlins 10: so
middline. 1888; good middlihg, 1881. Re.
ccipts, 2,51a; stock, 324.364.
Bid Nominal.
Buy . War bond in the spring. 1t
will make the bullets sing.
Evening star., 1942-06-22
Washington Exchange
SALES.

SALES.
Capital Traction 1st $500 At los.
American Security a. Trust Co.-l3
At lSl
Evening star., 1942-06-22
New Orleans Prices.

NEW ORLEANS, Jun: % uN.-Cotton
iuturss i, adVannoed mere todsv r,. On vnI neSs
drawn out 'onser bscause Of Allied re-
verses. Closing prices we're steady, . to IL
Evening star., 1942-06-22

Put bite In this Aght Buy War
bonds.
Evening star., 1942-06-22
rASHA.sA>A nh

CsttsAseeA Oil.
Bleachable cottonseed oil future, closed
Lever e ,4 hishsTh aSh. ssiss seeen sGn: sss
December, 1857.
Evening star., 1942-06-22
NEW YORK CURB MARKET
Stocks oi:!.. T.. ''':':; :. r.. w.: s.,

Dividend Rate. Add 90. Aith Low
Evening star., 1942-06-22

Russian s'a. 81 mat ias ~. ia
rants New. 1t tstp, Stamped.
Evening star., 1942-07-28

tThs third article Of this ssrtss, THE
Location Of Second Front" viii ApDear
tomorrow.
(cop5right. 1s42. New Yefk Tribune, fne.)
Evening star., 1942-07-28
STAR, WASHINGTON, G, TUESDAY JULY 49, 1912

breaking enemy resistance. reached
the Manych and Sal sector.
In the big Don loop fighting is
continuing northwest Of Kalach. To
the south OF this place German and
German allied units reached or
crossed the lower Don at all points. !"
So Red Planes Claimed.
The German Air Force was said
to have played an important part in
breaking Russian resistance south
Of Rostov. Russian air bases, rail
centers and freight-laden ships on
the Volga were reported under
heavy attack The Germans said
they destroyed So Russian planes
yesterday.
On the northern flank of the Don
bend front the high command said:
I'm the region Of Voronezh. after
their extremely high losses In men
and material, the Russians failed
to attack yesterday apart from some
local assaults"
On the central sector-west of
Moscow-"encircled enemy forces
were annihilated or taken prisoner"
the war bulletin said.
Russian attacks against bridge
head along the Volkhov River SOUTH
east of Leningrad were reported re-
pulsed.
Evening star., 1942-07-28
Penetration South
OF Don Deepened,
Germans Declare
Two Tributary Streoms
Reoched by Mechonized
Detoehments, kozis Soy
~ the Associated Press,

Ey tnS A8SOClAteu freS&.
BERLIN (From German Broad
casts, July 28.-German forces
driving into the Caucasus have
widened and deepened their
penetration south OF the Don,
and have reached or crossed the
river along virtually the whole
curving front of the big Don
bend, the high command said to-
day.
It reported that infantry and me-
chanized detachments pushing south
of the Don had reached the tribu-
tary streams, Manych and Sal, at
several points.
(The Rostov- -Stalingrad Rail-
way, running at one point as close
as Is miles to the Don, is i'm
periled by German crossings If
not already cut by Nazi lombard
ments.
CIhe rivers Sal and Manych
are southern tributaries OF the
Don, bridged by the railway.
The Sal, roughly paralleling
the Don, joins it about 40
miles above Rostov. The Manych
angles from a region farther
south and enters the Don near
Rostov. Just how far the Ger
mans claimed to have advanced
south of the Don was not evi-
dent from the Berlin announce
ment)
Whole Lower Don Reached.
A communique said the whole
lower course of the Don south OF
Kalach, so miles OF Stalingrad, had
been reached or crossed.
In the east" the high command
war bulletin said, "the bridgehead
across the Don near Rostov was
greatly expanded in q southern di-
rection In the course OF our further
advance.
ITO the east Of the town infantry
and motorized detachments crossed
the Don on a large front and, after
Evening star., 1942-07-28

will materially increase their en-
rollment Of student nurses provided
scholarship funds are available, ade-
quate housing facilities provided and
transportation made available to
and from the hospitals and the va
rious universities where the early
science courses are given to two
large groups"
Full utilization Of Red Cross VOL
unteer nurses aides who have salts
factorily completed the course was
urged
Definite regulations governing
designations and dismissal of nurses
were recommended.
In addition to DR.. Ruhland and
Mr.. Fike, the committee consisted
Of Pearl McIver, r. NJ, of the United
States Public Health Service: Or.
Edgar A. Bocock, superintendent of
Gallinger Hospital; E. Genevieve
Wilson, r. NJ, Garfield Hospital;
Sister Rita, r. NJ, and Sister Rosa,
Providence Hospital; Josephine P.
Prescott. r. NJ, District Health De.
partment; Edith M. Beattie, r. N,
Graduate Nurses Association: Ash
by Taylor, r. NJ. Board Of Nurses
Examiners.
Evening star., 1942-07-28
Higher Pay for Nurse,
Urged in Program
To Ease Shortage
Plan Submitted for
D. c. Notes Housing
As Big Hondicop

To meet the serious shortage of
nurses in Washington hospitals, a
special committee from medical in
terests appointed by Commissioner
Guy Mason laid before the District
Nursing Council for War Service
today recommendations for in
creased pay and improved working
conditions adopted in principle late
Yesterday at a meeting of hospital
representatives in the board room
at the District Building.
The committee recommended a
minimum salary of 500 a month
for general duty nurses, plus two
meals and the laundry of uniforms.
Where a hospital furnishes COM
plete keep, including board and
room, minimum of $50 was sug-
gested.
The committee, headed by DR..
George c. Ruhland, District health
officer, found that $40 registered
nurses in the city were unemployed
for various reasons, while the IA
hospitals in the Metropolitan Area
had a shortage of 432 nurses, aides
and orderlies necessary to maintain
generally accepted medical stand
ards. The largest number of va
cancies, 229, was in general duty
nurses, with the shortage of Stu
dent nurses listed as 80, of nurses
aides ST and orderlies 36.
War Worker Status Urged.
1t was suggested at the meeting
and generally agreed that nurses
should be classed as war workers
and given the benefit Of emergency
housing, since the shortage Of lodr-
ings within their means was one of
the conditions preventing the hos
pitals from obtaining full staf1s.
The District, said the committees
report. ''is losing nurses daily be.
cause Of inadequate housing facili-
ties," and it was added: "One hos
pital, having employed five nurses
from >out-of- -the-c city, lost all five
OF them within 10 days because Of
their inability to obtain decent liv-
ing quarters at reasonable rates"
o. K. Fike, superintendent OF
Evening star., 1942-07-28

The country over smokers switching to Old Gold
Readers Digest got independent testing laborator
compare leading brands of cigareues-reported re
suits in the July issue.
X The smoke Of Old Gold was LOWEST In nicotine.
X Old Gold LOWEST In rrito1ne tors and resins.
Read this Readers Digest article Compare your pre.en
smoke with today's new Old Gold!
Change-to a mild more delicious cigarette-ne1
Old Gold! p. LORILARD COMPANY E.t.bi,hed l76
Evening star., 1942-07-28
Austrians Declared War
q Years AGO Today
Nv tft Associated Press.

Nv tie Associated Press.
An anniversary passed without
notice in warning Europe today was
that of the Austrian declaration of
war on Serbia 28 years ago.
Austria, dissatisfied with amends
Serbia was willing to make for the
assassination of Archduke Franz
Ferdinand at Sarajevo, took the
first belligerent step in conflict
which became World War No l and
which ultimately resulted in. the
dismemberment Of the Austro- Hun
garian monarchy.
The Archduke, heir to Franz
Josef's throne, and his wife were
slain by Gayrilo Princip on June %,
1914, on a street in Sarajevo, where
Franz Ferdinand was making a
state visit.
On July %, 1914, Austria presented
an ultimatum listing sweeping de-
mands. She insisted on a purge of
all elements in Serbia hostile to the
Hapsburg monarchy and demanded
that Austrian officers be allowed to
conduct the purge.
Serbia made far-reaching con-
cessions. But they were inadequate,
Austria held, and war was declared
July 28, 1914, . month after the
assassination.
Evening star., 1942-07-28
BY MAI. GEORGE FIELDING


BY MAJ. GEORGE FIELDING
ELIOT.
This is the second OF three ar
ttcles dealing NTH the problems
OF second front in Europe.
II. How Can We Create = Second
Front?
In the first article OF this series 1t
was pointed out that the Anglo
American military objective in the
European theater OF war for the re-
mainder of 1912 is to create a d.
version in favor of the Russians. In
considering how this can best be
done, We must realize that any
means sufficient to accomplish the
purpose will be satisfactory. We
must next ask ourselves what means
are available to us under the limit
ing factors of time and distance.
They must be such as to create a
diversion of sufficient proportions to
be of rea. value to the Russians, and
they must be means which we can
employ at the places at which we in
tend to employ them within the time
which will produce reaction on the
Russian front before any decisive
advantage can be gained there by
the Germans.
Above all, We must avoid frittering
away our resources in driblets; hav-
ing chosen our plan, we must con-
centrate upon it every ounce of ef-
fort and power we can make avail
able.
Threat and Air Attack.
Cd Threat. Some diversion has
already been effected by the mere
presence in the British Isles OF pow
erful United Nations forces. The
German security forces and prep
arations in Western Europe are
much stronger than they were last
year and are commanded by Ger
many's best field commander, Mar
shall Karl Rudolf Gerd Won Rund-
stedt. Also the Germans will be far
more hesitant about committing the
final elements of their strategic re-
serve 70 action on the Russian front.
But It is improbable that these con-
sideraticns can be decisive.
90 Air attack. Can air bomb
ing alone effect sufficient diversion
in favor of the Russians? This is
not a discussion of the larger ques-
ton of whether bombing can win
the war; we have to deal with the
much narrower question Of whether,
with the air forces now available In
the British Isles or which can
quickly be made available there. we
can carry out on any German OBJ
jectives air attacks of such inten-
sity as to afford Russia a sufficient
margin of relief, and do this in
time to affect the outcome OF the
l942 campaign in that country.
Air attack has its advantages. 1t
can be commenced at once; 1t will
not put much additional strain on
shipping, save that 1t might require
the concentration in the North At
Evening star., 1942-07-28
Il Enemy Warp|anes
bagged by Raj in
Two Malta Raids
loods Jettisoned by
Other Crippled Croft,
British Announce
Py the Associated Press.

Fy the Associated Press.
vALLETTA, Malta, July o.
Twelve Axis planes. three Nazi
bombers and eight fighters and one
Italian fighter. were destroyed by
the Raj in two attacks on this
British Mediterranean island yes
terday, communique announced.
British fighters made head-on
attack on German bombers yester-
day morning and most of the Nazis
jettisoned their loads into the sea
and fed, badly crippled. the COM
munique said A few Nazi bombs
earlier had fallen near a Malta air.
drome but damage was reported
slight.
Later the Axis sent out aerial
searching parties for airmen who
had fallen into the sea, and the
British took a further toll.
The communique said
Three enemy bombers approached
last night but did not cross the
coast. A second alarm was sounded
after midnight but there were no
developments.
Despite several attempts the
enemy only once today succeeded
in crossing the coast with bombers.
Bombs dropped this morning In
the vicinity of the airdrome caused
little damage. Heavy anti-aircraft
and fighters were engaged. An hour
or so later heavy anti-aircraft again
was in action when the enemy tried
to come in
Fighters intercepted with a head
| on attack and all the German
bombers jettisoned their bombs into
the sea. They were not allowed to
cross the coast and those not shot
| down turned tail for home, some
of them in dangerous condition.
The enemy's fighter escort also was
badly mauled.
Early this afternoon the enemy
carried out searches for survivors
in the course of which they suffered
| further casualties. The enemy's
losses today were three German
bombers, eight German fighters and
one italian fighter destroyed and
| others damaged"
Evening star., 1942-07-28

Doctors Hospital, a member of the
committee, suggested that central
dormitories for nurses would not
solve this problem, because they
would have the expense of trans
portation to their scattered hos
pitals.
Mason to Take up Matter.
Commissioner Mason said that
while it probably would not be i'm
possible to construct additions to
nurses's homes or other facilities
near all hospitals, because of con-
struction stringencies, perhaps four
such housing centers could be built
at strategic locations. He promised
to take up the matter when the Dis
trict Nursing Council, to which the
report was referred, works out plans.
He also planned to take up With
Manpower Chief McNutt the matter
of classifying nurses as war workers.
ut is logical to assume" said the
report, that with the demands now
being placed on the nursing pro-
fession by the military forces and
Government agencies, the existing
shortage will continue to grow more
acute, and that it will be necessary
to develop and train auxiliary work
ers such as nurses aides and at.
tendants in large numbers"
Some in Unlicensed Category.
The committee also said 1t be-
lieved considerable number Of
graduate nurses not licensed and
not nursing were eligible for license
and would undoubtedly be avail
able under favorable working con-
ditions."
In addition to the minimum SAL
ary recommendation, the committee
urged:
Graded salary increases after vari-
Gus periods of service, left to the
discretion Of each institution; work
shifts not to exceed eight hours =
day, broken or straight; a six-day,
48-hour week; a minimum of IA
days vacation after a years con-
tinous service, seven-day vacation
after six months: sick leave with pay
on the same basis as vacations;
nurses encouraged to take out some
form of hospital insurance, and the
practice Of free medical care by
staff physicians to permanent en-
ployes be continued.
a.s A large portion of the 370 unem-
ployed nurses were interviewed, the
committee reported, and gave these
reasons for not working:
p (O Home duties: CD, young chill
dren; Co, unemployable; ID. not
interested.
Training Facilities Considered.
The committee studied the de-
velopment OF additional training IA
cilities for nurses and found that
AL Of the present schools can and
Evening star., 1942-07-28
CCC Director Denies
Destruction Of Any
Good Equipment
All Leftover Clothing
And Other Things Turned
Over to War Department
a, the A.sociated press

b, the Associated Press.
Investigations in hundreds" of
cases have disproved rmors that
serviceable Government owned
equipment was destroyed or aban-
doned at camps closed in the liqui-
dation of the Civilian Conservation
Corps, CCC Director James J. Nc
Entee said today.
Mr.. McEntee made the declaration
in letter to Representative Gillie.
Republican, of Indiana, who had
forwarded a complaint from a con-
stituent citing a report of the 'de-
struction of overcoats, rubber shoes
and articles left over when the CCC
camp at Kendallville, Ind, was
closed recently.
The CCC chief advised Mr.. Gillie
that all equipment left over from
the CCC has been placed in custody
of the War Department, and said he
had asked the department to investi-
gate the Kendallville camp report
despite serious doubt" that it could
be true.
Army regulations, he said, forbid
the destruction of the equipment
unless it is ordered by the inspector
general, land then only If it has
been vermin- infected or utilized
where there have been contagious
diseases"
Charges that serviceable trucks,
tires and rubber overshoes were
abandoned or destroyed in closing
camps in Missouri and Iowa were
brought before the Senate yesterday
by Senator Clark.
IF the practice of destroying or
neglecting or abandoning Govern
ment property is as widespread as
these instances seem to indicate, it
calls for disciplinary action" SEN
ator Clark said.
Senator Herring, Democrat, OF
Iowa had informed him, he added,
that "at Des Moines a large num-
Der Of trucks, three or four years
old, In good condition, are about
to be junked, while at the same
time the post office in Des Moines is
using trucks 10 or IL years old which
could be replaced by other trucks"
Evening star., 1942-07-28
Eliot Doubts Bombing of Cities
Meets Second-F 'front.' Need
AEF in ireland Also Held insufficient
To Divert Germon Troops From Russia

lantic Of additional tanker tonnage,
to the detriment of other interests.
The results 1t gets, 1t gets quickly.
But will those results be enough to
effect our purpose?
1t may be doubted whether con-
tinuance Of the existing and very
we'll conceived Raj master bomb
Ing plan" will do US much good now.
This Is a long-range plan, directed
toward the gradual reduction Of
Germany's war potential. Even
very heavy attacks on German in
dustrial centers do not seem likely
to be Of enough help to the Rus
SLAMS, quickly enough, to affect the
outcome in 1912; If the Germans
were sure Of victory with their ex-
isting means and reserves, they
might even harden their souls and
take our blows without diverting
more than a few squadrons of fight
ers from the front in Russia.
Adequate Diversion Doubtful.
II enough air forces and anti-air-
craft units were to be pulled back
from Russia to Western Germany,
the Russians might gain full air
superiority, and that might be their
margin of victory. But the Germans
might be tough enough to stand
their hammering for the short re-
naming weeks of fighting weather
in Russia.
A better short-range possibility
may be to concentrate every bit of
our bombing effort on a planned
and continuous attack on the Ger
man system of internal commune
tations-railways, inland waterways
and Baltic shipping.
II we used every bomber we have
for this purpose and kept our at
tacks going for the next 60 days, we
might be able to put the German
rail system west of the Elbe COM
pletely out of commission, as well
as stopping much of the supple
mentary canal and river traffic and
seriously interfering with shipping
on the Baltic (Swedish iron ore and
direct support of German armies in
North Russia.
This might have both direct and
indirect effect on the German effort
IN Russia; 1t would check the flow
OF supplies and reinforcements and
its immediate effect might well be
SO serious as to compel great diver
sion OF German air power to stop It,
90 Direct invasion of the Cont
nent. But If 1t be concluded that
air attack will not be enough, how
ever directed and planned, then We
must invade Commando raids We
will probably use in any case
doubtless on larger scale than be-
fore. Neither alone, nor in combi-
nation with efforts of the V-army
can these raids force the Germans
to draw off troops from Russia
| tThs third article Of this ssrtss, '"Tha
Location Of . second Front" viii Appeal
tomorrow.
(cop7right, is4z. New York rribuas, fne.)
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-11-29
GENUINE NATURAL MINK ScARFS

Mink in all its glory lovely well matched, in
FASHIONABLE scarfS Of 4, s or 6 skins Winter
Coats, Spring Suits, Summer Dresses, all are
enhanced by Mink Soarfs. The way TO say
merry Christmas" Genuine Natural Mink
from $l4.5o per skin.
AhhIS FURS, Library at {. Grand River
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-11-29

Fine leather gloves, made snug with Lining Of
knitted camel hair Tan for the Army, Gray
for the Navy and Pgskin for civilian wear
$3.50. There's inspired idea for service
mans Christmas leather checkerbosrdi It's col
lapsible, for greater convenience. Blue for the
Navy. Tan for the Army $3.50.
KILGoRE AND HURD, 1883 washington Blvd.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-11-29

Here is one Of the most exciting, most dramatic
gifts you could plan for Christmas time {.
a gorgeous Paradise Silver-dyed Fox fur jacket.
She'll wear il through all four You'll
marvel that such perfection be priced so
low -. $751; (Fed Tax extrs).
MARKS FURS, 1911 GriswoId Street
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-11-29

GIVE HER HOURS or RELAXATION
Always appropriate, always timely, always APP
preciated is this arch support bridge slipper
In holiday colors OF red, black blue kid,
Sizes to IL; narrow, medium wide widths
.. SASS Main Floor. Store Open Monday
10 A. NJ. to 9 p NJ.
LANE BRYANT I452 Farmer 81.
..-N =, 81; IN,
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-11-29

Deep glistening, prime newly caught skins
mounted with exquisite workmanship each
scarf is masterpiece OF the furriers' craft
Our suggestion for the ideal Christmas gift.
Choose from one Of the largest collections we
have ever assembled.
Genuine silver fox scarfs from SIPS per pair.
ARNIS FURs, Library at {. Grand River
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-11-29

GIVE BEAUTY
And you give life's hsppiest fulflIment Won
der Cosmetics" by Caroline Nilsson. Stockholm
graduate and founder of the Caroline Nilsson
System will gladden. the heart of any woman
Wonder Cosmetics, Face-Bust-Mask Cream
etc. Prices on request. Face lfting-no surgery
CAROLINE NILSSON SALON
9S01 Seek Cadillac Hotsi CA 5000
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-11-29

Such attachment he's apt to form for this
H Housecost that he'll want to wear it
indoors and out and not without reason, for
it's styled in the 1912 manner! It's only one of
the many dual purpose gifts men in the Kill
gore and Hurd holiday collaboration $3.50
KlLe0RE AND HURD
Evening star., 1942-08-19

allow heavy industry to earn only 3
or 31a per cent.
This per cent earning results
from computing excess profits net
income before deducting normal and
surtax and by limiting the excess
profits credit to per cent on in
vested capital over 100000 900 and
then by further levying the normal
and surtax at As per cent he
continued
With maximum earnings limited
thus drastically, average earnings
would fall below l per cent" he de-
clared, "and no industry can sur
vive such an average rate OF earn
ings."
He assailed provisions denying all
net capital losses and including
buildings and improvements in cap
ital assets. contending it was IAN
arbitrary restriction of valid de-
ductions to deny the deduction of
net capital losses while taxing net
capital gains"
Senator Davis said it was partic-
ularly onerous when buildings and
other improvements to lands were
included with capital losses. He said
an arbitrary split OF buildings from
Evening star., 1942-08-19

appeared as Chairman Clark called
a finance subcommittee back into
executive session to continue its
study of the income tax withholding
program in the House bill.
Pay-As- YOU Go Plan.
Beardsley Ruml, treasurer Of r.
H. Macy Co.. Inc, and chairman of
the Federal Reserve Bank of New
York. was asked to tell Senator
Clark's group more about his pay-as-
you-eo income tax proposal which
would put tax collections on a cur
rent basis by making next years
payments apply on 1943 instead Of
l942. income. Under this plan, 1912
would be skipped.
Senator Davis said Pennsylvania
steel, coal and oil industries. geared
to full war production. feared the
effects of the House bill on future
lean years.
The graduated scale of 8, 7. 6 and
S per cent of invested capital as a
credit against excess profits net in
come is entirely too low to allow
heavy industry to survive after the
war" Senator Davis statement said.
The 1941 rates of 8 and 7 per cent
should be retained"
The House bill, he declared, would