davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The midland journal., 1942-11-20

When U. S. troops landed at At
lantic and Mediterranean ports of
French North African colonies they
effected the first big-scale American
offensive of this war and thus was
launched the much-sought second
front"
Intent on wiping out all Axis forces
In North Africa and opening the
Mediterranean to Allied shipping,
these forces were expected to work
with the British troops driving west
ward from Egypt. Caught in the mid
die Of gigantic pincers move
ment was the retreating Axis
"Africa Corps" under the command
Of Nazi General Irwin ROmmel.
First word of the opening of the
| drive by the Americans came when
President Roosevelt's announce
ment of it was made over the short
wave radio beamed at Europe.
| Speaking in French, the President
told the citizens of France that the
armies Of the United States were
coming to them as friends and that
The midland journal., 1942-11-20
Work
Or Fight

Sooner or later we will have to
come to il"
This was the assertion of Donald
M. Nelson as he appeared before
the Senate military affairs sub-com-
mittee hard at work on its study
of the manpower mobilization prob
lem. The statement referred direct
ly to the possibility of national Sc
lective service rule whereby every
citizen would be required to either
work or fight.
Nelson urged longer work week
and better management to increase
productivity.
In these views Nelson found the
committee to be in agreement. Also
they concurred with the view ex-
pressed by the President at his press
conference that further study will
be necessary before definite recon-
mendations on such legislation can be
forthcoming. But the President made
it plain that he would oppose any
extension of working hours that
would interfere with efficiency He
indicated that work week of about
48 hours was desirable.
While the situation did not yet
appear to be critical Except in
dairying and other agricultural pur-
suits), the manpower problem will
get more serious as time goes on
and more men are drafted into the
armed services. Right now said the
President he did not know any fac
tories shut down due to shortage
Of manpower.
In many rural communities U. S.
citizens were worried about what
was going to happen in the spring
when another crop must be planted.
For now, with harvest ended many
farm and small town youths (who
had temporary deferments) were of
to the wars.
The midland journal., 1942-11-20
President Roosevelfs
ShOrtUaUe Broadcast

Here are some of the highlights
from President Roosevelt's short
wave broadcast:
Americans, with the assistance
of the United Nations, are striving
for their own safe future as well as
the restoration of the ideals, the
liberties, and the democracy of all
those who have lived under the
Tricolor.
"We come among you to repulse
the cruel invaders who would re-
move forever your rights of self
government, your rights to religious
freedom, and your rights to live
your own lives in peace and se-
curity.
eve come among you solely to
defeat and rout your enemies. Have
faith in our words. We do not want
to cause you any harm. We assure
you that once the menace Of Ger
many and Italy is removed from you,
we shall quit your territory at
once
"The French government and the
French people have been informed
of the purpose Of this expedition,
and have been assured that the AL
lies seek no territory and have no
intention of interfering with the
friendly French authorities inAfrica.
THE government of France and
the people of France and the French
possessions have been requested
to cooperate with and assist the
American expedition in it's effort
to repel the German and Italian in
The midland journal., 1942-11-20
TRAINING AIRCRAFT
MECHANICS

Detroit, Nov. 16--One of the most
intensive training program institut-
ed by industry to further the war
effort was begun here last week with
the graduation of $50 aircraft me-
chanics from the Chevrolet Pratt G
Whitney Aviation Engine Overhaul
School, an adjunct to the U. S. Army
Air Corps Technical Training Com
mand. Announcement of the opening
of the school was made by X. M.
Chase, national supervisor of War
Products Training for Chevrolet.
In three-week courses, thousands
of mechanics will be trained in the
servicing and repair of the P. & w.
engines built by Chevrolet, one of
the major suppliers of this motor
to the armed forces. The school here
is under the direct supervision of
Ed. Hedner, head of the division s
War Products Training department.
An entire building has been leas-
ed by the Air Corps to serve as
school headquarters A total of
$4,000 square feet of floor space. in
cluding lecture hall, 80 individual
workshops, dining hall, and Office
space, is being used for the training
work. Tools, equipment and sup
plies are provided by Chevrolet,
along with Chevrolet-built P. & w.
engines for dismantling and assem-
bly, practice work. Manuals, charts,
training films, and other instruction
materials were developed by Chevro-
let's service staff for use by the Air
Corps trainees.
/ Currently, 22 instructors make up
the teaching staff. All former Chew
rolet service department staff mem
bers, these men were trained in the
Pratt & Whitney parent plant to
comprise .he teaching force for this
seaooi. Eieven additional service ex-
perts are now receiving training on
the p. & w. engine to increase the
group of instructors for the expected
doubling of student body shortly
! Thus. . total Of several hundred
The midland journal., 1942-11-20

their objective was to wipe out the
enemies Of their country.
At the same time the war depart
ment in Washington issued a COM
munique on the same subject.
The White House pointed out that
the action was taken to forestall an
Axis invasion of this French terri
tory because such an invasion would
constitute a direct threat to Amer
lea across the comparatively mar
row sea from western Africa" Also
this action was begun to provide
''an effective second front assistance
to our heroic allies I'm Russia"
In charge of the large contingent
of U. S. troops (soon to be joined
by strong British re-inforcements)
was Lieut.. Gen. Dwight D. Eisen-
hover, commanders Of u. S. Euro
pean land forces. His headquarters
had formerly been. in Britain. As
sault landings were made under the
cover of huge naval and air
armada. Thus the Axis got am an
swer to its fishing for information"
broadcasts Of earlier in the week.
These accounts reported heavy al
lied troop conveys gathering at
Gibraltar and the Nazi intelligence
wanted an answer from United Ma
tons sources. None was given and
the reports were neither confirmed
or denied until the Presidents mes
sage went on the air.
The midland journal., 1942-11-20

ternational criminals and by SO do
ing to iberate France and the
French empire from the Axis yoke.
"This expedition will develop In
to a major effort by the Allied ma
tiOns and there is every expecta-
tion that it will be successful In
repelling the planned German and
Italian invasion of Africa and prove
the first historic step to the liberia
ton Of France"
General Eisenhower also issued
a proclamation in which he assured
the French in North Africa that the
United Nations had only the objec-
tive "to defeat the enemy and to
free France"
Broadcast in French, his message
directed the French forces to "avoid
any possible misunderstanding by
signalling their cooperation by
methods he outlined 'sBy day.
fly the French tri-color and the
American flag, one above the other
:. BY night, turn on searchlight
and direct it vertically towards the
sky"
The midland journal., 1942-11-20
OIL PIPE LINE TO CROSS
LANCASTER COUNTY

A section of the worlds largest
pipeline, "a inches in diameter, now
under construction, will be built
across Lancaster county, Pa, this
winter
This line will cross the country and
extend from Norris City, ILL.,, to Phil
adelphia. Beginning June IL, oil will
start flowing through the line at the
rate of 100000 barrels day.
A 530-mile section of the line
from Longview, Texas, to Norris
City, ILL.,, is now under construction
and is scheduled to be completed in
December.
The midland journal., 1942-11-20
CLOSE VOTE ON INCREASE
PAY AMENDMENT

At the general election in Mary
land on Nov. 3rd one of the Amend
ments submitted to the voters was
a proposal to increase the salaries of
the members of both the State Sen
ate and House of Delegates from S5
per die INTO $1,000 per year. The
returns show the vote was so close
that the public does not yet know
whether the proposition carried or
was defeated 1t will take the official
count by the Secretary of State of
the returns made by the various
subdivisions of the State and the
soldier vote to decide.
The midland journal., 1942-11-20

The customers of 100000 newspaper
boys who have sold more than $5O,O0O,-
600 in War Bonds and Stamps are
mostly women.
Volunteer saleswomen run nearly all
the Bond booths in theatres from Maine
to California. They also are sparkling
the War Bond sales in retail stores.
Ralph G. Engelsman, Associate Field
Director of the payroll savings section
of the War Savings Staff, readily ,ad-
mits that without the support of women
the phenomenal record of payroll saw
ings enrollments would not have been
achieved Payroll savings plans are
now in operation in 148,000 businesses
and factories. Employees of twenty
five thousand of these firms are con-
verting at least 10 percent of gross pay
rolls into War Bonds every payday.
Associate Field Director Engelsman
says that women have contributed di-
rectly and indirectly toward this rec
ord. When a man devoted 10 or more
percent of his pay envelope to War
Bonds, the woman at home has had a
powerful voice in the decision. Her
planning, her economies and her cheer
fulness play their part in the success
of payroll savings.
The Treasury Department is counting
upon this woman influence in its cur
rent campaign to "top that 10 percent
by New Years." By the first of the
wear the Treasury hopes to enroll at
least 5000 600 women workers in a pay
The midland journal., 1942-11-20
'AEF Landing in N. Africa
Forestalls Axis Invasion,
Re-Opens Mediterranean
Crack U. S. Troops
First to Arripe

First to Arrive
Experts described this drive as
perhaps the longest overwater milf
tary operation ever attempted.
Crack U. s. combat troops, rangers
(air borne units) and the best Of
American fliers were among the
first to arrive.
However it was learned in LON
don that newspapers there had
known for some time that some
thing of major Importance was
afoot as far as U. S. troops were
concerned. The secret was well
kept however. But the tip-off came
several weeks ago when top-rank-
ing officers of the American forces
were not to be found at their usual
stations.
According to one source many of
the troops themselves didn't know
where they were headed until a
few hours before they began piling
into their square nosed assault
boats and headed for the beaches of
OoooOldiiCd, 6lSlSlS diiu vi OH.
Zero-hour came at dawn with
landings being made at numerous
points although they were several
hundred miles apart. Troops from
every state of the union were in the
opening drive. First sign of action
came to the French colonies when
low-fying planes swooped over their
cities and sh0wered them with leaf
let's signed by General Eisenhower
and containing President Roosevelt's
plea to accept the U. s. action calm
ly and peacefully.
Then the marines set out in their
barges, the Rangers started floating
down onto Vichy territory with U. S.
fighter pilots standing by to take
over airfields captured by the ground
troops or ready to strike out in their
phase of the offensive.
In North Africa, Vichy had sta
toned some 10000 troops, pledged
to fight any invader.
The midland journal., 1942-11-20
French Report
Resistance To Landings

That the French were fighting
back was first learned in this coun-
try when an official French COM
munique announced that landing at
tempts had taken place and had been
"repulsed" and Frustrated with
heavy losses" First battles were re-
ported by the French at Algiers and
Oran.
Marshal Henri Philippe Petain
Vichy-French chief of state, re-
jected President Roosevelt's plea to
refrain from obstructing the U. s. ac-
ton when he declared that "We
are attacked and we shall defend
ourselves. That is the order which I
give"
Adm. Jean Francois Darlan i'm
mediately took charge of the defense
for the French. He is commander
in chief of all Vichy armed forces.
First reports from the field reach
ing the newly established Called
Headquarters in North Africa" in
dicated that the opening U. S. as
sault landings on the beaches of
North Africa near two main OBJ
jectives were successful.
Much evidence of careful plan
ming was revealed in the clock-work
arrival of all parts of the huge task
force. While it was believed that
most of the troops engaged in the
maneuver had been stationed in
Great Britain there was nothing
to indicate the route taken nor the
time of their departure from their
training bases.
The midland journal., 1942-11-20

At the Battle of Midway an Army
Lieutenant, after bombing carrier,
was forced to bail out of his bomber.
He was able to get fish eye" view
of the entire battle from his COLLAPSE
BILE boat and was later picked up by
an American plane. Your purchas
of War Bonds with at least ten per
cent of your income every payday
will help protect the lives of men
who are flying for ycp. Get hch'rA
them today. ...a asur, Defatni,,a
The midland journal., 1942-11-20

The WLB has control over all
non-agricultural wages and over all
salaries less than $4,000, other than
salaries of supervisory or profess
sional employees. The treasury de-
partment has jurisdiction over
supervisory and professional sal
aries less than $4,000 and all sal
aries of more than $4,000. The Sec
retary of agriculture has jurisdic-
ton over farm wages.
Explaining the governments
wage policy, William H. Davis,
chairman of the WLB, said the
Little Steel'' wage formula, per-
mitting increases up to Is per cent
above Jan. l, 1941, levels and here
tofore applied by the board in all
recent applications for increases,
will be strictly interpreted.
''The board is laying down
policy which, we think, is pretty
damn tough" Davis said. 'sWe are
going to authorize increases very,
very sparingly and then only if it
is conclusively shown that they are
essential to the prosecution of the
war"
He pointed out that because many
employees already may be receiv-
ing wages higher than the prevail
ing scale for their industry, wages
will not necessarily be raised Is per
cent to cover the increase in the
cost of living since early 1941.
BRIEFS:
ROCKET-A new anti-tank rock
ct is reported to have contributed
much to the defeat of the Axis in
Africa. The rocket is said to be
fired from a rifle and when a tank
is hit, the rocket burns through
the tank wall and explodes on the
inside.
EXHIBIT-The two-man Japanese
suicide submarine, captured at Pearl
Harbor and nicknamed "The TOTO
Cigar" has been turned over to
the War Savings staff for coast-to-
coast tour to promote the sale of
war bonds and stamps.
GIFT-The Bank of France claims
that it has turned over 5000, 1000, 900
in Belgian gold to the Nazis on or
ders from Marshal Petain.
MARKSMEN-Since the begin
ming of the war, gunners on British
merchant ships have destroyed 98
enemy aircraft, probably destroyed
AZ and damaged SO others.
The midland journal., 1942-11-20
Forecast Developments

When military experts began to
study the broad implications of this
offensive it became clear that the
first job would be put down any
resistance on the part of the vichy-
controlled French. This had to be
taken care Of Next came Rommel.
It now became evident when the
British forces began their full-scale
campaign out of Egypt and started
pushing the Germans and Italians
back toward Libya they knew that
there was something Of a major
nature brewing to the west.
The midland journal., 1942-11-20
Wage Freeze
Called Tough

Only in exceptional cases" viii
wage and salary increases be ap-
proved by the government, the War
Labor Board announced In far
reaching policy statement which
virtually freezes wages and salaries
: of S., 900 and below at Sept. Is levels.
Labor leaders tell Lewis to change
his course. They may give him an
Elk card.
The midland journal., 1942-11-20
sERGT. AsTLE DUE PROMOTION

Sergeant MOTIFS G. AstIe, SON OF
Mr.. and Mrs. John B. Astle of Up
per Principle. who enlisted in the
VI S. Army in May of last year, ex-
poets to be commissioned second
lieutenant in the near future. He is
a graduate of Rising Sun High
Schodl, studied three years at Tome
Institute, and was in his fourth year
At the University Of Maryland when
he volunteered.
The midland journal., 1942-11-20

things" to provide money
for War Bonds.
1--WE women want to
work hard, we want to be
a part Of this strenuous
period because unless we
are, we will not be able to
face the men when they
return and claim our
share of the future re-
sponsibility for building a
peaceful world" the First
Lady declared.
The overall direction of
Women AtWar Week rests
with the Women's Section
of the War Savings Staff
under the leadership of
Miss Harriet Elliott
Associate Field Director,
and Mrs. Henry Morgen-
thau, Jr., Chief of the
Special Activities Unit.
From coast to coast
women in every commu-
nifty have made plans for
torchlight parades, fash
ion shows, teas, rallies,
store window displays,
Stannp and Bond booths
The midland journal., 1942-11-20

Mtoring down 55 to e0qd, compar-
cd to = year aso. Gasoline eensump-
tlon down only s%.
The midland journal., 1942-11-20
Record War Bond Sales Is Goal
OF Women At War Week Nov. u

IN the cities and the farmsn
their determined make Women At War Week
ne greate selling effort since Pearl Harbor
% to 49, with appeal little
The midland journal., 1942-11-20
Ev'rybody Ev'ry Pay Day
100000 Women Enrolled in War Savings
Payroll Plan.

opening Nov e. during which
women will War Bonds and
the spotlight on the mighty contribution women geney
maxim toward financing the
Six million monthly deduc
The midland journal., 1942-11-20

French patriots bomb the Nazis in
hotels. That will teach them to pay
their bills,
The midland journal., 1942-11-20

MARSHAL HENRI PETAIN
Rejecting President ROosevelt's
plea that the French should not
''Obstruct'' American and British
military action in North Africa,
Marshal Henri Philippe Petain, chief
of state in Vichy, France, stated
that France and her honor are at
stake. We are attacked and we shall
defend ourselves"
The midland journal., 1942-11-20

Stamp and
civic balls and mad In each locality administration
Committee which
worked activities adapted to their
Week, declared
heights Sunday
will
Bonds Stamps
anyhngand the best
thing-hat o this terrible
The midland journal., 1942-11-20

Proud of her investment in the American
way of life and equally proud Of the CRIME
of war production on her face and arms, the
young lady in this "Women At War Week"
poster symb0lizes two Of the chief activities
of women at war.
roll savings plan and 100000 more
men with total. deductions for War
Bonds over the 10 percent mark.
The midland journal., 1942-11-20

trained air force mechanics will be
graduated every three weeks from
this one school alone under the
current Chevrolet plan.
The midland journal., 1942-11-20
X y
MhatHa1 RAxWM
WAR BONDS
- -

Actual experience on the worlds
war fronts has proved the COLLAPSE
BILE boat an essential safety feature
for both Naval and land based
planes. They are made of rubber
lied material, easily inflated.
Evening star., 1942-06-08
By the Way
Beth Blaine


Of
very beginning.
In of is
collapse buildings the first people be called
had training in branch Of construction work Each knows
building fallen
points lie. Invaluable knowledge such a time.
squad is called There two of these One for day duty
All these qualified
they
Their administer injured
the mems squad land in case OF necessity to injured vnsa
though there other first ade whose special concern is Of
aid
proficient
necessae his being taken to the hospital whether he can be
given o spot allowed a job
nessn woman vn the O same e qs h @ o m b
sailing her Saturdays
you'll find both Mr. and Mrs Iedererin comfortable
time thew are both as hard working as anv two people
ambulance drivers Catherine Poewhos
helped other the squad serg
equipment and fine job
Mary Mrs Robert Lovet wife
of Secretary of War for Air.
case Of an by several members Of the
and equipped with hot coffee etc. she follows the rescue
squad Tin her station wagon.
William Flather another efficient first alder with this
There 20 in ALL
All have by Corpl-
and the ambulance drivers by lieutenant The women
British Embassy secretary England where
did this wokand most of the time it wasn't
practice!
slight the real thing
administered prostraion victims the recent
Capt column, head
herself instruction in drilling from
servceand drills
squad And squad is too In fact we're told that after
practice drill before Col Lemu Boes recently
splendid these
that military drilling seriously themselves
the National Geographic Society are employed in the daytime
Audrey the society
Thema x and Martha Johnson
job with the Government and Mrs
johnson with partner book shop They all wear the trim
Awvs uniform They're all alert streamned and very efficient young
Evening star., 1942-06-08
Barbara Branigan
And r. A. Courbat
Married SATURDAY.

The Rev. Raymond Repetti ofici-
ated at the wedding of Miss Bar
bara Virginia Branigan. daughter
of Mr.. and Mrs. Francis Carroll
Branigan, TO Mr. Robert Alphonse
Courbat, son of Mr.. and Mrs. Robert
Charles Courbat. The ceremony
was performed on Saturday after
noon in the Sacred Heart rectory.
Matron of honor was Mrs. Jack
Wirsching, sister of the bride. She
wore a dress of pale pink voile
trimmed with lace and carried Tai
madge roses.
Miss Christine J. Branigan, an
other sister. acted as bridesmaid.
Her gown was of blue voile similar
to that of the matron of honor and
her bouquet also was matching.
The bride wore satin gown
Evening star., 1942-06-08
Carolyn Lacey
Becomes Bride
Of DR.. Kline
Chevy Chase Girl
Weds in Chapel
At Walter Reed

The chapel of Walter Reed Me-
mortal Hospital was the scene Of
the marriage of Miss Carolyn Lacey.
daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Edward
Frank Lacey of Chevy Chase, to
DR.. Carl Kline of Philadelphia, son
of Mr.. and Mrs. o. Monore Kline
of Downers Grove, Ill. The cere-
mony took place yesterday after
noon at S o'clock with Chaplain
William Gamble. U. S. A., officiating
and DR.. J. Hillman Hollister of
the Chevy Chase Presbyterian
Church assisting. Miss Harriet La
Roche rendered the vocal selections
Given in marriage by her father.
the bride wore white gown of
net andslace and a circular train.
Her Illusion veil was held by
coronet of orange blossoms and
green leaves: She carried an arm
bouquet of white roses and babys
breath encircling a white orchid.
Acting as matron of honor was
the brides sister -in-law, Mrs. Huber
Lacey of Chicago. Her gown was
Evening star., 1942-06-08
Mrs. Hugo Black
Will Be Hostess
At Garden Party
Event VIII Benefit
Southern School
For WOrkerS

Mrs. Hugo Black will be hostess
at a garden party Saturday at her
home in Alexandria for the benefit
of the Southern School for Work.
ers The party will be held from
4 to 6 o'clock.
Mr.. Jonathan Daniels, assistant
director of the Office of Civilian
Defense in charge of mobilization,
will speak on The South and the
War"
Mrs. Roosevelt heads the list of
sponsors for the benefit and others
are Mrs. Louis D. Brandeis, Mrs.
Clifford Durr, Mrs. Harold IckeS,
Mrs. May Thompson Evans, Mrs.
Robert M. La Toilette, Miss Frances
Perkins, Mrs. Michael Straus and
Mrs. Stanley Reed. Mrs. Leon
Keyserling is the treasurer and
Mrs. Dean Clark is chairman of
the committee making the arrange
mentS.
The sponsors point out that the
Southern School for Workers is of
greater interest and value this year
because the problems of workers
during wartime will be given special
attention. Mrs. Louise Leonard
McLaren will direct the 18th an
nual session of the school which
will open July 2 at Hendersonville,
N. G.
The home of Justice and Mrs
Black is located at 619 South Lee
street in Alexandria. 1t is easily
accessible from Washington on the
Franklin street bus. The party is
scheduled to be held in the gardens.
but in case of rain it will be held
indoors.