Evening star., 1942-12-30
Records Show Britain
Doubted Kellogg Pact
Efficacy From First
Naughty Boy Gliding of
Violotors Held of Little
Potency by Chamberlain

Potency by Chamberlain
A British warning in 1923 that
the kellogg pact outlawlng wal
would not be very effective unless
the United States was prepared tc
do more than merely condemn any
Viclator as naughty" was disclosed
by the State Department today
Signing of the pact which gen
orally was hailed as forerunner OF
enduring peace. was followed
promptly by report to the depart
ment that The Italians seem to
have an expectation bordering on
hope" that it would fail as a result
of rising young peoples fighting
for their development.
The full story of the delicate
negotiations of the anti-War pact,
which French Foreign Minister AriS-
tide BRAND first proposed rather
AS a gesture for a Franco Amerl-
can treaty, but which was developed
into worldwide remuneration of
war by Secretary of State Kellogg
has been revealed by publication of
The first OF three volumes of doCu-
ments pertaining to United States
foreign relations in 1928
Chamberlain Gives Warning.
Sir Austen Chamberlain. then
British Foreign Secretary, sounded
the warning that force of the pact
lay in the attitude of the United
States toward any nation breaking
it in a talk on July l3. l928-more
than a month before it was signed
with Ray Atherton then Charge
d'Affaires of the American Embassy
in London and now acting chief OF
the State Departments Division OF
European Affairs.
Mr.. Atherton quoted Sir Austen
as saying that If the utterances OF
our leading statesmen, writer's and
the American press should indicate
that any nation which violated the
pact would be condemned as merely
naughty and the United States
should continue at the same time tC
export material to the country
vi Gaming tii0 poSl, Ato NANNt "OoAe
be slight
AS arrangements for formal sign
ing of the pact in Paris went for
ward. Secretary Kellogg noted that
Italy's attitude "astonishes and dis
appoints me- Mussolini. who then
neld most of Italys cabinet posts,
including that of foreign minister
had refused 10 join the foreign
ministers of other leading nations il
the signing ceremony at Paris.
Kellogg Apprehensive.
The fact that the Italian Am
basador in Paris will be Italy s
only representative will certainly be
regarded as intended to minimize
importance of the treaty. Mr. Kel-
logg wrote.
On September 6. 1928, 10 days
after the pact was signed. H S
Goold American charge in Greece
reported that in Athens diplomatic
circles only the Italians seem to
have an expectation bordering on
hope that the treaty will fail"
To them 1t seems to be the at
tempts of satiated powers to pre-
serve what they have" he added
and Ito make it disreputable for
any one ever to diSpossess them OF
their vast war-got gains
He quoted an Italian colleague as
stating that "a condition will arise
when the growing communities will
have to decide whether to submit to
the arrest of their development or
fight and that they will, of course
adopt the second alternative' That
is just what Italy did a few years
later in invading Ethiopia.
Present Foes Enthusiastic.
Ironically. the 1928 governments
of Japan and Germany were among
the most enthusiastic supporters of
the pact. The japanese Foreign
Minister declared his government
will be glad to render their most
cordial cooperation toward the at
tainment" of the objective of the
entire abolition of the institution of
war Germanys S 1923 Foreign Min
lister said "one of the most essential
foundations OF German foreign
policy" is to eliminate all armed
conflicts"
The published documents also dea
extensively with the embarrassment,
| caused the United States and other
governments by Russia s proposal fol-
complete disarmament during effort.
at Geneva to reach agreement or
arms reduction
Secretary Kellogg wrote that "ir
considering the Russian proposal
| the whole idea is so impractical thai
no detailed discussion appears to be
called for The American delega
ton at Geneva reported that Il,
appears that no one has the coura ee
to stand up against the attacks of the
Russians by publicly areuins
Against the proposal.