davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-11-18

SECTIONS 8 THROUGH IL"
TO THE EDITOR:
WE THOUGHT you would be
w interested in what one buddy
wrote about his buddy letters.
We have sent him every letter
you printed.
In his last letter he said,
Those Dear Buddy letters you
send me sure go through a lot
of hands after / read them.
There are a lot of boys from
Detroit and all over Michigan
here with me. They pass the
letters on from one fellow TO an
other. So you see I'm not the
only one who gets pleasure out
OF them"
We know he is stationed
somewhere in South America.
He is Pvt. George Kolka.
MR.. AND MRS. DON SMITH,
2972 Gladstone avenue.
TO THE EDITOR:
EOR the quiet hour in the iso-
Il lation OF the blackout. the
much priced American news
papers. magazines and comics
sent over by kind friends TO
bombed Britain are ideal COM
panions TO friends, neighbors,
acquaintance of all ages in Ep-
worth and district.
Those who would like 10 take
a share in these small kindnesses
may send their newspapers,
magazines, comics. etc, to Mrs.
Georgina Snowden, Rectory
street, Epworth. Doncaster. Eng
land, who will be pleased. all
being well, TO loan them around
TO readers who deeply appreciate
American literature.
GEORGINA sNowDEN.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-11-18

IT is unfortunate that many people
i today. both lsymen and specialists,
have lost sight of the fact that capital
ism is essentially a competitive system.
II is based on numbers Of units Of pro-
duction. all competing with each other
for the favor of the consumer In the
anxiety of each to capture this favor,
, better and better goods are presumably
manufactured.
Capitalism is characterized by pro-
ducers bidding against each other IN the
open market They are completely at the
mercy of the consumers and in the long
run, any man who gives inferior goods
or inferior service is blackballed by the
public and is ruined.
Competition, cruel as are its poten-
tialities. is as characteristic Of capitalism
as rash is of the measles. Take away the
RASH and you haven't got the measles.
Take away the competitive feature of
capitalism. and you no longer have CAPT
talism, although you may have system
which masquerades under that name. =
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-11-18
Old Question Of Power

The danger of monopoly goes back
to the old question of power. Power can be
used or abused, with more terrific impact
upon individuals and nations than any
thing else. In the economic field, monopoly
is the counterpart of bureaucracy in the
political field. A benevolent bureaucracy
and a benevolent despot are conceivable
and are historic-but they are rare. The
possibilities for evil inherent in power
either of economic or political nature
have generally been proven to be ire
sistible.
The question today is where can
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-11-18
or he could not.
Take 1t or Leave Ii

Monopoly price is. conceivably, the
lowest possible price because of the low
est costs of production. But monopoly
price is also, conceivably, the highest
possible price in instances where the de-
mand is inelastic.
Where the demand is elastic and the
consumer cam take ii or leave it, as he
can in the case of motor cars, the
monopolistic producer is at the mercy of
the consumer almost to the same degree
as is the competitive producer. But
where the demand is inelastic, as, for
instance in the case of salt or certain
essentials to life, the tendency for
monopoly price is TO be, the highest pos
sible price that can be charged. That is
what is called. Exploiting the public"
Because Of the ineIasticity of our
demand, because of our inability to resist
buying a basic commodity, its price can
soar sky high, and there is nothing we,
the public, can do about it. That is why
monopoly is dangerous-because it can
be an instrument of exploitation. Whether
it is that or not depends entirely upon
the character of the demand and the
caprice of the producer
The competitive producer might not
be able to charge as low price as the
monopolistic producer, because he has to
compete in the open market for every
single item of his costs of production
raw materials, labor, transportation and
selling. He has, however no power over
the market in any decisive degree. He
can 60 out of business, and the whole
industry does not disintegrate while if
certain monopolies went out of business,
the whole industry and large part of
the country would disintegrate.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-11-18

competition leave off and monopoly begin
and still preserve the American system
of private enterprise. am not Diogenes
and frankly admit that I do not know.
do object, however, 70 government
having the sole decision in this most
delicate of all questions. 1t seems 10 me
monopoly should be "reducible to a
minimum-to an occasional and deplor-
able instance
THE public today is becoming in
creasingly curious about these eco
riomic problems, because of their direct
political implications. It is interesting to
note that whereas the socialists condemn
private monopoly vigorously they sub
scribe to state monopoly equally Wig
orously
The totaltarian state is simply mod
ern dialect for the monopolstic state.
The totalitarian state extends its monop-
oily over economic as well as political
functions.
The halls of state, rather than the
market place, become the great adjudi-
Gator of price Men cease to be the toy
of the so-called laws of economics-such
as law of demand and supply" The So
cialist state presumably manipulates that
law at its discretion. The factors back
of manipulation are ostensibly sociologi-
cal but the result of manipulation is abso-
lutte power over every department of
economic life.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-11-18
Capitalism Us Iruly
ACOmpetitiVe System
Danger Of Monopoly Goes Back
To the Old Question of Power
BY DR.. RUTH ALEXANDER

tation of mail is an essential monopoly.
Even if it were handled by a private
enterprise instead of by department Of
government. il would still be essentially
monopolistic.
Where natural or essential mo-
nopoly does exist, the question remains
as 10 who should control this monopoly
private enterprise or the state? be-
lieve private monopoly is the lesser Of
two evils. II is always under government
supervision and the state can impose
checks and balances upon it. When the
state, itself, is the monopoly, however,
there is no higher agency of appea! on
behalf of possible abuses. The consum-
ing public is totally at the mercy of
monopoly price and of monopoly quality.
Now, in what does a monopoly good
differ from competitive good? First of
ALL it is subject 10 greater fiuctuation in
quality. Let us suppose for a moment
that one single manufacturer made all
Of the automobiles in the country. Due
to the tremendous advantages he would
have in access to source of supply, TO
labor, to raw materials and TO marketing
facilities he could make much finer car
at a much cheaper price than any made
under competition. But that leaves the
matter entirely in his hands-he could
or he could not.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-11-18
How Soviet Acts

In the Soviet Union, for instance,
the state attempts to control consumer
demand not simply by withholding con-
sumner goods but by all sorts of propa-
ganda to make people want 1chdt the
state thinks they should rant.
This is one of the most advertised
methods in their gigantic task of remak-
ing human nature. They claim that peo-
pie can be made to want what they ought
to want and to do what they ought to
do. Not even the most hard-boiled con-
sentative could conscientiously. deny the
desirability of qualitative change in
human nature. But not even the most
outspoken socialist could point to any
period in history when this change has
been effected. So far, in the march of
mankind, human nature has resisted the
remaking process.
The question is of course who is to
decide what shall constitute good be-
havior? Individuals differ enormously
concerning ideals of good behavior. What
man ought to do at one time in his life
would be stupid and criminal at another
time. and the same is true of whole
epochs in history.
THE socialist state has monopoly on
i behavior as we'll as a monopoly on
all the mechanical factors going to make
up the organization of society, He who
breaks over the traces, according to the
standard set up by the state, is guilty
of punishable offense.
Thus in all socialistic countries-the
Soviet Union, Germany and Italy-man
retains no decision as to what consti-
tutes good or evil and he has to follow
the herd instead of his conscience.
In view of the gigantic nature of
the monopoly of the socialist state,
l believe one is justified in calling
the monopolies existing under capitalism
occasional" Natural or essential
monopolies, such as those listed above,
seem legitimate to me- from their
very nature. Artificial monopolies, on
the other hand, are "deplorable." They
have frequently been obtained by extra
legal means, and their possibilities for
the exploitation of the consumer are un-
limited
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-11-18
etters to t he Editor
TO THE EDITOR:
WE WISH to call attention to

TO THE EDITOR:
WE WISH to call attention to
W employers of war workers
that they are being cruelty un-
fair 10 the hard of hearing per-
son who applies for work.
1t is a proven fact that the
hard of hearing hear better than
a normal hearing person on the
street car or in noisy work
rooms-becaa,se the outside noise
neutraliZes, so to speak, the head
noises from which the majority
b Of hard of hearing persons are
never free. Constant noise may
cause deafness among the nor
nal hearing. whereas the hard
of hearing person would not be
affected by il at all.
The hard OF hearing and the
deaf apply themselves more dill
gently TO their work because of
their handicap. The deafened
are just as anxious 10 help win
the war as any person can pos
sibly be-So we seek a cessation
OF the unjust, prejudicial and
totally unwarranted discrimina-
ton against competent persons
of both sex because of their in
ability TO hear perfectly.
JENNIE G. KERN. President,
The Aural Guild of Detroit, Inc.
Mrs. Charles NJ. Kern.)
TO THE EDITOR:
CATURDAY, November II, I
~ heard the best game I've
heard in years. University of
Michigan did beautiful job. My
hat off to Crisler and the Uni
versity of Michigan.
ROSE BETTY REA.
1918 Joseph Campau.
TO TIE EDITOR:
The following letter was sent
to the Detroit War Chest Com
mittee:
NUTNHE enclosed check for $50
Il represents a Christmas sac
rifice on the part of two-thirds
of the children of the Conrad
Clippert School.
For years it has been the GUS
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-11-18
Sign for Safety

Is persons lost their lives, but it certainly
is not case of locking the door after the
theft.
There still are hundreds of thousands
of Detroiters riding DSR buses every day.
And the safety of each one is in the hands
of the driver during every minute that
person is on the bus.
If you read one of these signs remem-
Der it's not too late to look out for your
safety. It's more than your duty to CO.
operate-it's folly to do otherwise
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-11-18

A NEW sign, to be found in all DSR
"A buses, warns the riding public that
the bus driver has been forbidden TO start
as long as any passengers remain in the
front of the vehicle, where they may
obstruct the drivers view.
Many persons seeing this sign will say,
"Humph, that's locking the door after the
horse is stolen"
It's true the signs were placed there
after the Caniff crossing accident in which
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-11-18
"Wheres that drip you Uanted to get rid Off"

tom for the teachers TO present
each child in the school with
some candy at Christmas time.
This year. because the boys and
girls so keenly realize how much
good the money can do, small
as the amount seems in the face
OF the great heed, the fourth
through the eighth grades have
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-11-18

voted to send il 10 the War
Chest.
EVELYN w. BOOTH. Principal.
HARRIET HULL,
Teacher IN Charge of Activities
Committee.
SECTIONS 6 THROUGH Ia"
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-11-18
What Competition Bring

Not only does competition affect the
quality of the goods manufactured, but
it has, of course, direct relationship to
price. A competitive price is what we
call a true market price. That is, it is
reached by bargaining in the open mar
ket. and the final point of equilibrium at
which price is consummated is the joint
meeting between marginal buyers and
marginal sellers.
The marginal buyer is he who would
turn away if the price were raised ever
so slightly, and the marginal seller is he
who would run away if the price were
lowered ever so slightly. This price is a
true price because it represents a true
meeting of demand and supply and all
the psychological factors representing
the consummation of a sale.
The advantages of competition
broadly speaking lie in better and better
products.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-11-18
ERlNG DOWN ON The NEWS
Touch and 60 Inspiration

BUGS" BAER
Maybe this time General Montgomery will
tap Rommel on the shoulder and say, Doctor
Livingstone, presume"
Then II will be Rommel's turn to chase
Montgomery.
Aiionsl ssrtos
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-11-18
THE evils of competition are, OF

THE evils of competition are, of
i course, tremendous and are respon-
sible for the tendency to discredit it as
a system. Not only do socialism and the
Socialists attempt to discredit the COM
petitive method, but many of our mid
of-the-road' people consider competi-
ton too cruel to endure in world which
is suddenly awakening to humanitarian
values.
/ need not point out to you the evils
of competition-the cut-throat methods,
the chain store methods, and all the
other devices to which any one producer
resorts in order to lower price and thus
increase his bargaining power. For since
demand varies directly with price, it is
obvious that the volume of business done
varies with the price charged.
This is true, of course. only where
the demand is elastic or where substi-
tutes can be bought if the price is not to
the buyers liking. In certain instances,
demand is inelastic. Demand for salt, for
example, is inelastic There is no substi-
tute for salt, and salt might be called
natural monopoly.
THE larger our society has become,
i and the larger our production units
: have become due to mass production, the
greater the tendency toward monopoly.
But there is false and true monopoly.
There are natural, or almost essential
monopolies. such as that of salt, and
possibly such as that of aluminium (al-
though l am not sufficiently prepared to
discuss this). ! believe monopoly in
telephone communications is probably an
essential monopoly though not natural
monopoly. And we all feel that transpor-
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-11-18

b1 AhIHIh
All the military experts in our club are
now boning up on Africa. Some of the lads
are even backing up to get the right atmos-
phere.
Even I am getting so l can play my con.
tinents FIVE or no count. And bank the last
Distributed BY Int,
The Waterbury Democrat., 1942-09-10

a mile from Efolgi there starts 8 road which will take the enemy steadily toward Port Moresby. They had passed the most difficult stretch of the mountain trail leading to 1t.
 The Port Moresby road winds down from the mountains tortuouSly for between 25 and 30 miles and then straightenS out across cor1- paratively flat country to the coast.
 So far the country had been ad- mirably suited to the Japanese sneak tactics, and the moonleSs nights had further favored the enemy.
 The Japanese were using only light weapons, supplemented by small mortars and machine guns, since the country precluded the use of artillery.
 Gen. MacArthur said in his com munique:
 Northeastern sector Tn the Owen Stanley mountains area the enemy launched heavy inflltrating attack which is making headway. He has successfully outfianked our positions at Myola and in the vicin- ity of Efolgi and fighting is now southward along 8 narrow trail leading across the mountainous divide.
 Australian brigades under the general command of Lieut.. Gen. Sidney Powell are fighting tenaci- ously and gallantly under condi- tions of extraordinary hardship and difficulty.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1942-09-10
, ordered them out of the car, and

ordered them out Of the car, ana refused to continue the Journey.
 S.-Arresting officers last night found in the suspects possession 6 pawn ticket for a watch. They were checking to determine whether this was the watch missing from Miss Cochran's wrist.
 Aiding Boston police in the inter- rogation were Essex County authori- ties, including a representative ot Police Inspector Francis F. Lawlor Dist. Atty. Hugh A. Cregg's office, of Lynn and a representative of City Marshal Thomas Harkins of Salem.
 The pretty bookkeeper last was seen alive July 17 as she alighteo from a bus enroute from work and entered 8 car parked only a short distance from her house. A three day search ended when an anony- nous telephone call was received by Salem radio station telling where the body could be found.
 Currently, in cooperation with Lynn authorities, a Boston news paper has reviewing the case in a daily series by which it was hoped clues would be obtained that might lead to an arrest.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1942-09-10

CTS of Luxembourg, one of the worlds 10 largest steel producing countries, despite Nazi threats to execute those who refused to work.
 "This strike is an immediate and magnificent answer by the Luxem- bourg people to the announcement that Luxembourg had been incor- porated into Germany and that Luxembourg youth would be con. scripted for military service" the ministry of information said.
 A Nazi decree was quoted which said of one phase of the strike:
 Paid enemy agents have under- taken to promote . strike at Schlif. flingen. They have achieved Q par tial success. The chief of the civil administration has ordered a state of emergency in the municipal area of Esch (10 miles southwest of Lux embourg, the capltaD. Strikers serl- tenced to death by courts martial will be shot immediately, no matter where they live"
 Belgian sources had reported in- CISHSlLlb SapOtdSO oB1AeA0v .. bourg railroads. Workers fan to OH rolling stock or mix sand with oil' They do all they can to slow tramc and cause blocks.
 A vichy dispatch reported that railroad guards found railroad ties and long piled on the rails of the main line railroad between Mont pellier and Mines, on the Mediter- ranean coast of unoccupied France The Instructions were placed So that a train which struck them would be forced onto other main l line tracks and wreck the entire right of way.
 British sources reported the dyna- hitting of a railroad line near Ga brovo, Bulgaria. by anti-Axis pa- triots. The German radio was quoted reporting 100 arrests as the result.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1942-09-10

the Russian authorities because of his prominent place in the com- munity in which he lived and be- cause of his wealth. His family fled from the immense estate before they could be apprehended and ex- perierced a hazardous flight to this country where they formerly made their home.
 What Dr. Devenis would do now, he did not disclose with any def1- niteness. That he would once again resume his medical practice here IS the opinion of many of his friends who know of his deep interest in the field. AE the present time he will be content So see his friends and enjoy the life he had missed for the past few years.
 COngressman Smith Helped
 First efforts to locate Dr. Devenis were made by former Congressman J. Joseph Smith, and the State De- partment had many times tried to establish contacts with officials who knew of Dr. Devenis' fate. Rumors constantly poured into this city that the doctor was dead. It was not un- til last fall that the family learned he was safe. That was when Mrs, Devenis' mother wrote from Kaunas, Lithuania, stating that the doctor was a prisoner in 8 concentration camp and to further back the state ment she disclosed his prisoners number. The next good word came in May from the State Department, and that was followed on July by word from the physician himself who cabled that he had completed the first portion of his trip home and was staying in Basrah, Persia.
 That Dr. DeveniS would have an interesting tale to tell was evident from the small snatches of news he quietly gave his family and friends last night. His forgiveness of the fate that first game him suffering was evident by his reluctance to speak of the cruelty which has now ended, as he once again lives in the security of his loved country and happy home.
 Mrs. Devenis who left all of her possessions behind when she lied Iithuania, arrived here virtually penniless. She has been working in the foreign department of the Scovill Mfg. Co.,, Oakville division.
 Dr. Devenis, who is an American citizen, was detained at the Russian Ural Mountain camp, and when re- leased there he was taken directly to headquarters of the American State Department in Kiubishev. Il was from there that his long trir home started.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1942-09-10
YANKEES GIVE NOTICE

Washington, Sept. 10.-(UP)- American planes have served notice on Japanese forces in the Solomon Islands that henceforth they can expect aerial attacks on their bases throughout the northwestern sec- ton of the group.
 American aircraft last Sunday bombed and strafed enemy shore in- stalations at Zizo Island in the New Georgia group of the Solonlors the Navy announced last night. AL though no mention was made of damage, the fact that mo resist ance was encountered" indicated 1t must have been extensive.
 Gizo Island-only 5 1-2 miles long lies about halfway between American -held Guadalcanal and Japanese-held Bougainville, the site of an important enemy base. It has been the scene of recent Japanese activity, has good anchorageS foi warships and sea planes, and could be used by the Japanese as 8 base for counter attacks on Guadal- canal.
 The naval communique also re- vealed that last Saturday a huge four-motored Japanese flying boat was shot down by Navy patro plane northeast of the Solomons and that Marines on Guadalcana are continuing to "mop up" scatter ed Japanese soldiers that fled tt the jungles in the interior aftel the first American attack on Aug T. The Navy also reported that thu Japanese soldiers in the interior o. Guadalcanal may have been rein forced recently by small numberi of troops landed from time to tint under cover of darkness"