davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-02-11

@. How tall Is Pope Plus XIII. p. d.
A. His Holiness Pope Plus XII u 6 feet
inches in height and weighs 160 pounds.
@. Where in the United States is the
place that cannot be reached overland
except through foreign country?-F. M.
A. This area is the most northerly in
the United States, situated in the Lake
of the Woods country in the State Of
Minnesota. Though it is larger than the
District Of Columbia, it can be reached
only by boat through American waters.
There Is a land route over Canadian ter
ritory.
@. When was the New York Aquarium
closed?-C. c.
A. 1t was closed October /, 1s4l, to
make way for the approaches to the
Brooklyn Battery tunnel. Plans are un-
der way for new aquarium in another
site.
Q. How long has sugar beet been used
Is q source Of sugar7-G. L. r.
A. The first serious attempt to use
beet sugar was made by Napoleon when
the allies were blockading the ports of
continental Europe Napoleon made large
grants Of land and money to encourage
the sugar beet industry.
@. Please quote the words used by the
Secretary of the Treasury In recommend
ing that the motto, In God We Trust"
be placed upon our coins-B. q. r.
A. 8. p. Chase, then Secretary Of the
Treasury, addressed . letter to the
director Of the mint At Philadelphia
saying that mo nation can be strong
except in the strength of God or safe
except in His defense. The trust of our
people in God should be declared on our
national coins" The motto first ap-
peared on the coins of the country In
1854.
G. When did Japan first begin to ex-
tend her power over China7-M. A.
A. The japanese have been extending
their power over China for the past so
years. since the sino-Japanese war Of
1894.
@. Where is there q Woodrow Wilson
Memorial Library7-T v. c.
A. The Woodrow Wilson Memorial
Library is owned and controlled by the
Woodrow Wilson Foundation. located
at West 4oth street. New York City.
q. What kind Of an animal Is q vine-
sarroonf-w. 8. H.
A. The name vinegarroon is applied
to q Mexican species Of whip scorpions
which, when alarmed, emits . vinegar
like odor.
@. What kind of clocks were the "wag-
on.the-wall clocks1'-M. L. E.
A. In the early days Of clockmakins
some peddlers sold only the works and
the purchaser had to have the case
made Sometimes in the interests OF
economy, the buyer merely fastened the
works to the wall. These were known
as the "wag ON the wall clocks.
@. How old was the observatory at
Pulkovo reported destroyed?-C. L. M.
A. The famous observatory WAS founded
by F. G. w. Struve. The cornerstone
was laid in 1885 and the building opened
on August 10, 1889. This historic institu-
tion is reported to have been destroyed
in the recent fighting around Leninsrad.
Evening star., 1942-02-11

Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address of
the tDrtter, although the use OF
a pseudonym for publication is
permissible. The Star reserves
the right to edit all letters tDith
a DietD to condemnation.
Evening star., 1942-02-11
Tension With Vichy


French luxury liner Normandie,
taken over by our Navy and renamed
the Lafayette, cast lurid light on
the renewed diplomatic tension
which has arisen between Washing
ton and the Vichy government of
France. Yesterday, French AmbaS-
sador CASTOR Henry-Haye conferred
at length with Undersecretary of
State Sumner Welles on the gravity
of the present situation. This is not
the first time that Franco American
relations have become tense, but
never has the crisis appeared more
serious.
The present tension arises out Of
formal charges by the British gov
ernment that Vichy has connived
openly with the Axis to permit de-
liveries of food and gasoline to reach
General Rommel and thus substan-
TALLY to aid him in the surprise
attack which recently has inflicted
serious reverses upon the British in
Libya. Vichy also is charged with
complaisance toward japanese de-
mands on the French authorities in
Indo-China to turn over naval YES
sells and merchant ships in that COL
ony, which would aid Japan in her
grand offensive against the United
Nations in the Far East.
Those are grave accusations, and
Vichy has formally denied the Brit
ish charges. Yet it may be assumed
that London has not made them
without careful investigation, and
the concern manifested by our State
Department indicates that Wash
ington takes the matter very seri-
ously. Hitherto, our Government
. has tended to restrain British i'm
patience at Vichy's equivocal actions.
American diplomacy has taken the
attitude that, so long as Vichy did
not directly aid the Axis in North
Africa or lend its navy and mercan-
tile marine to Vichy uses, it was
better not to drive the French gov
ernment to desperation. The indica-
tions are that within the Vichy gov
ernment there have been shades of
opinion ranging from genuine will
ingness to cooperate with the Axis
to reluctant assent due to hard ne
cessity. And it has been believed
that Marshal Petain, the aged head
Of the French state, was resisting
extreme German demands and spar
ring for time.
Vichy's effective attitude toward
the Axis apparently has varied with
the fortunes of war. When Germany
begged down in Russia and faced q
hard winter, French resistance to
Axis pressure seemed to stiffen some
what. Japan's victories in the Far
East, Rommeps success in Libya, and
symptoms of an Axis offensive
throughout the Mediterranean may
have encouraged French partisans of
Axis cooperation and led to increas-
ingly unneutral conduct toward
Britain. If this be so, American
leniency toward Vichy may have
already reached q stage where the
policy would defeat itself and should
therefore be altered. That policy
has been governed, not by senti-
ment or tradition, but severely
practical considerations. Time and
again, Washington has warned that,
beyond certain point, yielding by
Vichy to Axis demands could not be
tolerated and would result in the
loss Of American forbearance. It
begins to look as though that crucial
point has almost arrived.
Evening star., 1942-02-11
Letters to the Editor
Tells Of Unpleasant "Welceme'
To Virginia Community.

Tells Of Unpleasant "Welceme'
To Virginia Community.
To the Editor Of The Star:
Last night became q resident Of VIZ
ginia. chose q billet here seeking 4
degree Of comfort and privacy after VOL
unfairly abandoning my own home and
friends thousands Of miles away In order
again to offer whatever effort I might
contribute in the national emergency.
am not . believer in special privi-
leges" for those who are able and fortu-
nate enough to wear q service uniform,
but the character Of my welcome" to
Arlington impels me to write this note.
Last night, tired and somewhat lonely.
I dragged my luggage into "temporar-
lily available" apartment in Arlington
Village. There was no garage or other
shelter for the car. 50 I followed local
custom and, after carefully locking its
doors, left 1t parked alongside many
others in the street.
This morning the back Of my car was
splattered with the yolks and whites OF
several eggs. The name emblem Of the
VCllASAc, WAAASA sAAS hAuAuidSooASA
fully had nodded and bolted over its
rear luggage compartment door, was
gone, evidently pried of within . crowbar.
feel very badly about this act Of
vandalism. Not only because 1t mutt
lated q personal piece Of property In
which I Especially mel and the credit
corporation have taken particular pride.
but because 1t did not seem to be the
right way to treat . stranger who wanted
to live here and be friends with those
around him.
If this prank" was inspired and car
ried out by souvenir hunting youngsters,
I wish you would tell them for me that
they have not only very foolshly DAM
aged the finish Of beautiful automobile,
but they have badly damaged the faith in
them of one of their best friends.
It is not 30 much the name plate OF
the car. Rather 1t Is the Pearl Harbor
sneak" way it was taken that hurts
And then there is the mystery OF why
the car was splattered with eggs Do
you think that's funny7 don't.
PUZZLED ARMY OFFICER.
Arlington Village, Va.
Evening star., 1942-02-11

be divided into two divisions, one division
to operate on the Russian. German
frontier blasting . path before the Rus
sian troops who have thus far demon
strated remarkable tenacity In their de-
termination to drive the enemy back in
the direction of Berlin, the other division
to operate from Vladivostok, offering
America q golden opportunity to repay
Toxic well for the Pearl Harbor incident.
The immediate result Of such action
would be q general scurry on the part Of
Germany and Japan to withdraw to
defend their most vital centers.
America and Britain must cooperate
to force the Axis powers to abandon con-
tinued offensive campaigns. With the
resources and the instruments at our
disposal We need only the intelligence
and the will to command the situation.
1t can be done.
The confidence Of Berlin, Rome and
Toxic will be shaken only when the
combined air forces OF America and
Britain launch an effectual counter.
offensive. AMATEUR STRATEGIsT.
Evening star., 1942-02-11
Expresses Appreciation
OF Star Writers.

To the Editor Of The Star:
wish to say that your editorial on
the Pearl Harbor report should be
printed on the front page Of every paper
in the country. It is so understandable.
The articles by David Lawrence, Frank
Kent and Gould Lincoln are fine and
Henry McLemore simply marvellous. I
do not like Dorothy Thompson and
regret so much that the space given
her cannot be used by other writers.
I have read The Star for over so
years, so with me 1t Is must" read
paper. LILY F. GARNER.
Falls Church, Va.
Evening star., 1942-02-11
FIRST AID-In case Of an acci-

FIRST AID-In case Of an acci-
dent there are many emergency
measures that should be taken be-
fore the doctor arrives. Ignorance
or helplessness on the part Of by
standers has cost many . life or
led to serious after effects. Herein
lies the value of knowing what to
do at such q time. FIRST AID, O
32-page authoritative publication,
is handily indexed for quick refer
ence. Order this publication 30 you
will know what to do when the
emergency arises. To secure your
copy inclose 10 cents In coin,
wrapped in this clipping, and mail
to The Star Information Bureau.
Name
Address
Evening star., 1942-02-11
Urees Air Drives Through Russia
Arainst Toxic and Berlin.


Against Toxic and Berlin.
TO the Editor Of The Star:
The wide-scale operations of the Axis
powers are cleverly designed to frustrate
any thought of intensive drives on Berlin,
Rome or Toxic. The present theater OF
war includes the Atlantic, the Pacific ana
the Mediterranean, In addition to the
engagement of troops on the Russian
German frontier. OF the contemplated
counter military and naval strategy to
be employed, we are uninformed. perhaps
wisely So But let US hope that Britain
and America are not losing . valuable
opportunity which exists right now to
strike at Berlin and Toxic through
Russia. II We effectually harrassed
Berlin and Toxic our adversaries would
be compelled to confine their operations
to more limited spheres, An advantage
for Britain and America that cannot, be
underestimated.
1t has been possible to send one or
more groups Of American citizens to
Moscow and return by plane. The ac-
complishment of that feat offers some
encouragement to u II We wish to use
Russia Is field for further operations.
Were the American and British govern
ments to unite upon the purpose Of send
ing An air force to Russia, 1t would seem
that the plan would hold some reasonably
interesting possibilities.
FOR example, such An air force could
Evening star., 1942-02-11
Protests Against Publication
OF Pessimistic Opinions.

TO the Editor Of The star:
I am an average citizen. reading The
Star and other Washinston newspapers
also, and ind that All Of you have
something in common which certainly is
not . virtue, that 10 the practice Of
publishing articles such - the one by
William L. Bait. Such articles certainly
are not conducive to morale building.
The people Of this country are not q
bunch Of morons. The great majority
knew Immediately after Pearl Harbor"
that We were In for some serious fighting.
The continual harping Of Mr.. Bait and
some other brass hats q not necessary.
They take the attitude that to have
confidence In ultimate and overwhelming
victory Is treason.
While Americans everywhere are doing
their utmost In their respective Jobs some
Evening star., 1942-02-11
Retorts to Critics
Who Blame Public.

Since the American public has been so
frequently and reprovingly reminded in
the past that "only those in authority
understood the delicate international
situation It hardly seems consistent for
1t now to be held responsible for the
Pearl Harbor disaster. J.J. SPERRY.
Evening star., 1942-02-11

Member Of the Associated Press.
The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to
the use for republication of all news dispatches
credited to It or not otherwise credited in this
paper and also the local news published herein.
All right. Of publication Of special dispatches
herein also are reserved.
Evening star., 1942-02-11
Wants Drug Stores TO Lead
Campaign to Salvage Tin Tubes.


For some time we have been told over
the radio about the amount Of tin used
in toothpaste and other tubes that We
buy. We are told that most Of these
tubes contain up to % per cent tin and
that we should save them until further
notice.
We also have been warned that there
will be . shortage Of tin and that its
use for tin cans Is to Be severely curtailed.
perhaps Is much as 40 per cent. The
tin in an empty toothpaste tube must
be suficient to make several tin cans,
so If the American public is to continue
to enjoy the use of goods packaged in
tin cans we should not only save our
empty tubes but there must Be some
method Of collection.
It is evident that the individual cannot
accumulate enough tubes to make 1t
worth his while to save them. 50 I sug-
sest that the drugstores Of the Nation
begin . campaign to collect empty tin
tubes and the public be urged to turn
In their empty tubes. These tubes when
collected can be sold and the proceeds
turned over to U. S. O, Navy Relief or
what have you. T. w. B.
Evening star., 1942-02-11

Entered as secopd-class matter post once.
washington. D. c.
Evening star., 1942-02-11

bsy bsiIy ,nd snv w. w. s.aS 1885, MO- 81 ss &c
Sunday only 1 yr. S. 90; no.. DOC
Evening star., 1942-02-11

@. How tall Is Pope Plus xII7-J. p. D.
A. His Holiness Pope Plus XII u feet
2 inches in height and weighs 1o0 pounds.
Evening star., 1942-03-19
January Hardware Sales
Far Above Year Ago
Snecial Drpa:ch to The Star

SpSCldi 1TSpdiCIl " Ac Stdls
NEW YORK. March l9.-Both in
dependent retail hardware dealers
and wholesale hardware distributors
enjoyed good sales gains, comparing
volume for January with the same
month last year, Hardware Age re-
ported today.
Based on reports from 1921 inde-
pendent retail hardware dealers in
all States and the District of Colum-
bia. the increase averaged 40 per
cent. Gains by regions were: New
England. "A per cent; Middle At
lantic, 54 per cent; East North Gen.
tral, As per cent; West North Gen.
trail, 40 per cent; South Atlantic, 48
per cent: East South Central. SO per
cent: West South Central. % per
cent; Mountain. % per cent, and
Pacific. 81 per cent.
Wholesale hardware distributors,
according to reports from a majority
of these concerns in the United
States. enjoyed an average increase
of 46 per cent in January of this
year. as compared with the same
month in 194l. Regional gains were
as follows: New England. 80 per
cent; Middle Atlantic, 50 per cent;
East North Central. "A per cent:
South Atlantic, AZ per cent; East
South Central, "a per cent: West
South Central, SO per cent: Noun
tain, 18 per cent, and Pacific, As per
cent.
Evening star., 1942-03-19
| S. E. C.. Routine
Disrupted by
Recent Move
By the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press
NEW YORK, March 19-Dow,
Jones e. Co.. business news agency,
said today the Securities and Ex-
change Commission had been dis
organized by the recent move to
Philadelphia from Washington and
would be unable to proceed with its
business in a normal way for an
other two or three weeks.
Meanwhile, the agency said. all
but the most pressing cases would
be held in abeyance and few. If any,
important decisions were expected
to be rendered.
Transfer of the commissions phy-
sical equipment and personnel has
been about completed. the agency
said. The organization has taken
over the History Penn Athletic Club
Building and for the first time since
its creation. in 1884, will have all Of
its head Office personnel under one
roof. At Washington the commits
sion occupied three buildings.
Evening star., 1942-03-19
Chicago Livestock

CHICAGO March 10 tFN (U. s. Dept. Of
Agriculture -Salable hogs, 10000; total,
10000: fairly active; strong. good and
choice. 1sO-33O pounds. 13.40-55; top.
1880 sparingly: good and choice. 160-S0
pounds. l3.O0.45: good sows, 400 pounds
salable sheep. II 900; total. IT. 900; late
Wednesday, fat lambs steady to strong;
few choice decks fed wooled lambs, 12.15-
%; good and choice 90-104 pounds. ll.75-
1910; odd loads heavier kinds downward
from IL .65: double 103-pound summer
shorn. 100; same Feisht four-weeks
wool 9.4O: today's trade. fat lambs active;
strong to 10 higher; few loads choice fed
down. 12.25-35; bulk good and choice 90
104 pounds, IL .s5-12. Is: few big weights,
11.75, down; one double fed range ewes
unsold
Saiable cattle 4,5OO: calves, 700: fed
steers and yearlings steady to strong; top.
1875: very few choice cattle here, how
ever; bulk medium TO good grades, IL 90
1875; stockers and feeders firm at 1880
1928, load choice 1,03O pounds meaty
feeders at outside price: several loads
scaling 95O-975 pounds at 12.1O-2O; fed
heifers fully steady; cutters and beef cows
strong but no reliable outlet for iisht thin
Gamers: these being peddled at 4.5O-6.2 .25:
bulls opened strong to Is higher but
weakened on until 1925 was practical top
on weighty sausage offerings: early top
weighty sausage bulls, 1880: vealers arm
at 1300-15.50; mostly 14.50-15.50.
Evening star., 1942-03-19
New W. p. B. Division
To Standardize and
Simplify Designs
Eythe Associated Press.

Ey TIE Associated Press.
NEW YORK, March 19.-Forma-
ton of a new division of the War
Production Board to speed the use OF
simplifed and standardized designs
in the war production program will
be announced shortly at Washing
ton, it was learned yesterday.
Howard Coonley will take leave
from his duties as chairman OF the
board of the Walworth Co., big
manufacturers of valves and fit
tings, to head the new division.
Coonley, a former head of the
National Association Of Manufac-
turers and a former president OF
the American Standards Assocla-
ton, is regarded by industrial tech
nicians as one of the country's lead
ing authorities in the standards
field.
The new division, branch OF
w. P. BIS Bureau of Industrial
Conservation, is expected to act
as supervisory and co-ordlnatlng
agency for all the standards work
now being done by the w. P. B.,
the o. P. A.. War and Navy De-
partments. the Maritime Commits
sion and the Government Bureau
of Standards. 1t is expected also
to operate in close relationship with
such civilian technical societies as
the American Standards Assocla-
ton and the American Society Tor
Testing Materials.
Formation of the new agency, in
dustrial experts here pointed out,
is in line with the policy of Donald
M. Nelson, w. P. B. chief, himself
long interested in Standardization
as a method of speeding produc-
ton, saving materials and labor
and holding down costs. AS an
operating official of Sears, Roe
buck & Co., Nelson was an active
member of the American Standards
Association.
During the last war Coonley was
administrative vice president OF the
Emergency Fleet Corp. and mem
Der of the War Labor Policies Board.
The other two members of the latter
body were Franklin D. Roosevelt
and Felix Frankfurter.
Evening star., 1942-03-19
Most Stocks Down
Slightly at Close
OF Dull Session
Fractional Opening
Advances Wiped Out
Before Noon
BY VICTOR EUBANK,

NEW YORK, March 19.-Mac-
Arthur cheer continued as a stock
market prop today, but it was not
sufficient to put the list back on
the rallying track of Tuesday.
Moderately higher trends pre-
vailed at the start, although few
issues were able to acquire more
than fractional advances and even
these were erased in many cases be-
fore midday. There were few soft
spots, especially among the blue
chip chemicals and gold mines.
Final price changes generally were
on the losing side.
The comforting angle of the days
performance was the evident re-
luctance of a number of pivotal
stocks to give ground and the
notable drying up of selling. Trans
fers Of around 100000 shares were
among the smallest since last June.
Aside from optimism over the new
commander in chief of the South
west Pacific Allies, there was little
in the war news to inspire the re-
'-AAI4PN'Oil Va bNJ AlLS, VI OhCIo Sold.
In addition. taxes and labor doubts
remained as brakes on sentiment.
Dow Chemical and Homestake
broke to new lows for the year. with
the former especially weak. In the
retreating division were Union Car
bide, Allied Chemical, Eastman Ko-
dak, Du Pont, Texas Co, American
Telephone, Chesapeake & Ohio and
Air Reduction.
Some resistance was exhibited by
United States Steel, Bethlehem,
Santa Fe, American Smelling. Gen.
eral Motors, Goodyear. Sperry,
Johns-Manville, Anaconda and
Woolworth.
Gold stocks reflected the thought
mining operations would be re-
stricted by the war while appre-
hension regarding the impact of ris-
ing costs and taxes on chemical
company dividends tended to chill
the latter.
Rail Bonds Gam.
Major interest in the bond market
centered in the rails, communica-
tions and specialties where gains of
small fractions to more than a point
were well distributed as the session
neared the final hour. Other groups
acted indifferently.
Evening star., 1942-03-19
$4,000, 900 a Month Paid
On 0|d-Age Pensions
By the Associated Press.

BY lnt ASSOCldltu IltSs.
Old-age pension payments out OF
the permanent old-age pension fund
now are running about $4,000 900
per month.
These payments distinguished
from the State old-age pensions to
which the Federal Government also
contributed-had aggregated $751;
569.413 at the end of February. &C
cording to a Treasury compilation.
The monthly rate. which was
about s9.600,000 in February, has
been increasing a little each month,
as more and more persons reach re-
tirement age.
The pension fund on February %
had assets of $50. nearly
all of which was invested in Govern
ment securities.
Evening star., 1942-03-19
Retirement Annuity
Program Provided
For Riggs Staff
More Than 96 Per Cent
Of Banks Eligible
Personnel Signed Up
By EDWARD c. STONE.

Riggs National Bank has ar
ranged for the installation of a re-
tirement annuity program for its
employees, according to announce
ment by Robert v. Fleming, presi-
dent.
More than 96 per cent of the
banks personnel eligible to partici-
pate have already signed up. The
plan provides that its participants
may retire normally at age IS and
receive life income, which will be
derived from monthly contributions
by the bank and its employees dur
ing the years of future active
service
The bank will provide additional
amounts of retirement income in
recognition of service prior to the
effective date-March l. 1912. Those
eligible to participate in the plan
include employees who have reached
their 30th birthday and who have
completed one year or more of con-
tinuous service, provided they have
not reached their 64th birthday.
The plan includes liberal provi
sions in event Of an employees death
or termination of his service, for re-
tirement before or after normal re-
tirement age, as we'll AS the naming
of a contingent annuitant.
In addition to this plan, the Met
ropolitan Life Insurance Co. is
administering group of life lnsur-
ance plan involving approximately
S650,000 of insurance for Riggs en-
ployes, which has been in effect for
more than 20 years.
Mr. Fleming stated that the bank
would continue its policy of provid-
ing for the older members Of its
organization, who because of age
are ineligible for membership in the
Metropolitan plan.
"Civilian Offensive Urged
Holgar J. johnson. of New York,
president of the Institute of Life In
surance, urged a concerted civilian
offensive against the Axis in an