davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-03-20
Sub Day Raid Survivors Tell
Of 3 Days at Sea in Lifeboots
Courage and Skill Kept Freiehter Crew
AfIoot; Recovering at Lewes, Del.

picked him up. 1t was the smaller
Of the two.
Men Pulled Into Boats.
In the larger boat, Chief Mate
Francis Kovic Qildo was in COM
mand. The two officers first gave
their attention to picking up the
men who had jumped or were cling
ing to RATS and managed to get
them all. They also took on the
provisions with which the RATS
were supplied. Then, fighting the
high seas. they got rope from one
boat to the other. so that they would
not be separated. That gave them
their first breathing spell.
They said they tried to set a
course but lost their bearings due
to the fact the ship had circled
Their boats were not motor craft
and the wind was strong. They
hoisted sail and, in the words OF
Fourth Officer Gustaf Anderson.
they tried to keep west, but we did
not know" They had on board hard
tack, water and condensed milk for
seven days-if they were careful.
hey also had little rum. Some of
,ne men were scantily clad, some
had on only pajamas.
They rowed and sailed that night
and the following day. Saturday
night they used their sails for tar
paulins against the rain. Sunday
they sighted ship, but she did not
see them. Later on Sunday. in a
fog, they heard two ships and tried
to hail them but could not make
themselves heard. They had one
small cup Of water 4 day per man.
Sunday night they lay to again.
Monday they were picked up at
last by passing freighter.
1t was, as Apprentice OfIlcer Zvon-
imir Jurisic, Dalmatian, said,
nicer after that"
Coast Guard Radioed.
The freighter, coming of the Del
aware CapeS, radioed the Coast
Guard and boats were put of to
bring the survivors in. They landed
here Tuesday morning at the Coast
Guard pier where they were met by
the Red Cross ambulance Five, in
Guiding the captain, had to be borne
on stretchers; they we're taken to the
hospital where their conditions were
described as not serious. The others
walked.
In the Coast Guard station. helped
out by Ensign Adonesis. the five
members Of the ships company who
could speak some English told their
stories to reporters.
Fourth Engineer Albert Toninic,
Yugoslavian, on duty at the time of
the attack, said he saw the water
rush into the adjoining compartment
when the torpedo passed through the
ship. Two men, the missing trim
mer and fireman, were in that COM
partment.
Chief Wireless Operator August
Dobrajc, Yugoslavian, said he was
about to turn in when the explosion
took place. He ran on deck. Met his
assistant, Boris Magazinovic, and
ascertained that the apparatus was
beyond repair The two men then
jumped into the sea. Mr.. Dobrajc
put on a life belt. Mr.. Magazinovic
did not do so. He explained to re-
porters: 1T is better swimming with
out the belt. 1t was fine for SWIM
ming. Very pleasant"
Evening star., 1942-03-20
Afraid Sirens
Will Be Tested
Next Tuesdoy

District engineers have completed
installation OF 38 of Washington s
Al electric air-raid sirens, and the
first public test of these devices will
be staged at 3 pm. next Tuesday,
Civilian Defense Co-ordinator John
Russell Young announced today.
The test will not be an air-raid
warning. but simply check of the
mechanical installations. Commits
sioner Young emphasized.
Citizens will be relied on to help
civilian defense officials in determin-
ing the effectiveness OF the sirens,
Commissioner Young said.
The cooperation Of the citizens
Of the District is requested to de-
termine the coverage in the follow
ing manner: If the sirens are not
heard, please write to Capt. H. A.
Friede, chief of communications,
room 512. old District Building, CIV
ing the writer's name and address
and the location .for.which the re-
port is made. Please do not tele-
phone"
Meanwhile, Capt. Friede told
newspapers several of the sirens may
have been sounded for brief periods
today while being adjusted.
Newspapers had received numer-
Gus calls from citizens in various
communities who said they had
heard what they believed we're air
raid sirens
Evening star., 1942-03-20
u. :. Wartime Powers
Widened in New Bill
Sent. 10 President
Authority Is Gronted
To Requisition Machinery;
Priorities Extended

Congress sent to the White House
today second war powers bill CIV
ing Government agencies additional
authority for war purposes.
The bill grants power to:
Requisition machinery and tools
for war production.
Extend priorities to tools and ma
chimes as we'll as materials.
Penalize priorities violations with
a fine Of $4,000 and q one-year
prison sentence.
Regulate motor carriers and water
carriers in the same way as rail-
roads.
Coin scent pieces Of mixed silver
and copper, thus diverting nickel to
arms production.
Examine books and accounts OF all
war contractors, including sub-con-
tractors
Free postage is provided for the
services.
Part-time Federal employees such
as afraid wardens are exempted
from the Hatch Act ban on political
activity.
The Senate completed congress
sional action on the bill yesterday by
agreeing to elimination of compen-
sation benefits for civilian defense
workers who are injured while on
duty. The first War Powers Act,
adopted in December, re-enacted
many statutes of the last war, in
cluding espionage laws.
Evening star., 1942-03-20
Burmons Increase CIomor
For Independence

MANDALAY, Burma, March 20
(P.-Burma is broken, hungry and
battered by invasion, but even today,
as the British prepare to meet new
Japanese thrusts into the hinter-
land of the country, Burmans are
clamoring with growing insistence
for independence.
Burma's appetite for self-rule has
been whetted by the impending visit
of Sir Stafford Cripps to India and
Gov. Sir Hugh Reginald Dorman-
Smith is said unofficially to have
asked London to send Cripps on
here.
Since the Japanese invasion, the
Burma autonomous movement had
been pigeon-holed by mutual con-
sent, but with indications that India
is Approaching dominion status Bur-
mese leaders have taken up the cry
again and are understood to have
made formal representations.
Evening star., 1942-03-20
Schoolgirl Sentenced
To 5 Years, Fisherman
10 Years as Spies
Both PIeod Guilty
To Espionage Under
Ludwig, kozi Agent
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
NEW YORK. March 20.-Lucy
Boehmler, 19-year-old high
school girl, who said she found
espionage lots of fun" was SEN
fenced today to five years in Fed
eral Women'S Reformatory at
Anderson, w. Va, by Federal
Judge Henry w. Goddard.
Judge Goddard also sentenced
Carl Herman Schroeder, 48-year-old
skipper OF a Miami Fla) fishing
boat. to 10 years imprisonment.
Both pleaded guilty to participa-
ton in the espionage ring headed
by Kurt Frederick Ludwig, master
Nazi spy, who was sentenced to 20
years imprisonment recently.
Six Previous Sentenced.
Six other members of the ring
were sentenced last week to terms
ranging from II to 20 years each,
including Mrs. Helen Pauline Mayer.
26-year-old housewife. who received
a 10-to-15-year sentence.
In sentencing Miss Boehmler,
Judge Goddard pointed out that
she had co-operated with the Gov
ernment in testifying at the trial Of
Ludwig and his agents, but that 1T
is desirable and necessary for you
to be confined at least for the dura-
ton OF this war for reasons that
you can appreciate"
The court, at the suggestion OF
United States Attorney Matthias
Correa, left the term OF the court
open for the five-year period to take
such action as might be necessary"
Schroeder Displeased.
Mr.. Correa recommended the SEN
tences imposed in both cases. He
pointed out that while Schroeder
pleaded guilty and was involved in
the espionage conspiracy ''in an i'm
portant way" he did not aid the
Government in any way.
Schroeder. after the sentence was
imposed, said, ''As far as I am con-
cerned, I think I did cooperate
I'm in this case as victim Of cir
cumStances. I was more or less
pushed into the case. I don't think
I've done anything detrimental to
the United States. What have
done was done to protect somebody's
life. l agreed to do something, but
when was contacted 1 refused to
go through with it. think 10 years
is a severe punishment for what I
have DONE"
This is serious crime" said
Judge Goddard. Your efforts might
have resulted in the sinking OF some
Of our ships. I offer this merely as
a suggestion and ask you to turn 1t
over in your mind and consider
whether it might not be worth
while TO really assist the Govern
ment."
Leniency Given Girl.
Mr.. Correa said Miss Boehmler's
participation in the rings activities
was so widespread that had she not
pleaded guilty and aided the Gov
ernment in convicting other mem
bers of the ring, she would have
rated "a very severe punishment"
Il think the recommendations Of
the Government are fair" said
Judge Goddard.
Miss Boehmler acted as secretary
to Ludwig and testified that in the
spring Of 194l she accompanied
Ludwig on an automobile tour of
Atlantic Coast defenses, Army and
Navy airports and defense indus
tries.
She testified that data gathered
by Ludwig on the tour was sent to
NaI agents in Spain and Portugal,
some of the reports going directly to
Heinrich Himmler, chief Of the Ger
man Gestapo.
Evening star., 1942-03-20
District Churches
Continue Special
lenten Services
Bishop Bennett to Give
Sermons Next Week at
Church of the Epiphany

DR.. Joseph r. Sizoo, pastor OF the
Collegiate Church of ST. Nicholas,
New York City, and formerly pas
tor of the New York Avenue Pres
byterian Church here, gave his clos
Ing lenten sermon at the Church
of the Epiphany at noon today. The
Right Rev. DR.. Granville Gaylord
Bennett, Suffragan Bishop of the
Diocese of Rhode Island, will speak
at Epiphany next week.
The Rev DR.. j. r. Rogers was to
speak at the Penn Theater at noon.
Lenter services at the Lutheran
Church of the Reformation was to
be conducted by the Rev. DR.. Oscar
F. Blackwelder, pastor, at noon.
Prayer Service Set.
The Washington Missionary Union
lenten prayer service was to be held
at l:30 pm. at Zion Lutheran
Church. with st. Mark 's-Incarna-
ton Lutheran Church assisting.
The Rev. Musser D. White, pastor
Of Incarnation Church, was to speak.
Stations of the cross and other
services will be held in Washington
Catholic churches tonight.
Man stands today in sense
of disillusionment, between two
worlds" DR.. Sizoo said yesterday
at noon services at Epiphany, "be-
tween the two worlds Of cynical
despair and blatant optimism. He
swings like a pendulum from one
to the other, not knowing what to
do He would not despair and
swing between these two worlds If
he would use Jesus for an alterna-
tive" DR.. Sizoo said. 1T is the only
way"
The Rev. Edward G. Latch, pastor
OF Metropolitan Memorial Meth
odist Church, speaking at Brook
land Methodist Church last night,
said, Religion gives us courage to
face our trials and troubles
courage to face life and not run
away from it. 1t is not an evading
of reality or an escape from life,
but gives us courage to face any
thing that may come.
Rev. Sexsmith Speaks.
Religion gives us enthusiasm
about our faith and our high ideals"
the Rev. Mr.. Latch said.
Speaking on Faith as a Founda-
ton of Character and Moral
Strength Such as Needed for Our
Present Day" the Rev. DR.. E. A.
Sexsmith pastor of Rhode Island
Avenue Methodist Church, said
that world conditions challenge us
to a life of self discipline based
on such a faith as exemplified in
the New Testament church.. II we
will win our new conflicts, material
and spiritual" he said. I'VE must
reincarnate in our living these basic
elements OF faith and self-dis-
cipline."
Evening star., 1942-03-20
Java Bottle
Continued From First Page. }

tenaer sank at Sis pm. the Jap
torpedo attack from submarines was
intensified. Two minutes afterward
one American destroyer was barely
missed by a torpedo which then
surfaced"
At 5:3l o'clock a submarine was
seen on the port side and four
minutes latter another American
destroyer, through the alertness Of
a young lieutenant then coming,
was enabled to miss by Is yards the
deadly thread Of white. Nine
minutes after the Exeter was hit,
at 5:31, the wounded cruiser was
ushered from the line by destroyers.
The cruisers sudden movement,
coming at time when communica-
tions with both the Houston and
Admiral Deoorman were inter-
rupted, almost caused the destroyers
on the port side to be run down. but
the ehigher-powered cruisers filtered
through the destroyer line, leaving
the latter on the starboard side
that Is. between the retreating cruis-
ers and the enemy.
Two Runs by Flotilla.
At sos o'clock Admiral Deoorman
had signaled: Make counterattack.
but few moments later the order
was Cancelled. At 6:16 Admiral
Deoorman's blinker signaled, Cover
my retirement and, closing the
range to about miles, the entire
hotilla of American destroyers made
two runs, one each from Starboard
and port.
BY 6:27 the last torpedoes had
been sent coursing across the choppy
sea. Some must have hit the mark
because, above the smoke lying gen.
orally over the water two tall col
umns climbed perpendicularly above
where the enemy battle line had
been. At 6:31 Admiral Deoorman
signaled, Follow me-" but the pant
ing destroyers- were now able to give
the cruiser little help. All their
torpedoes were expended and their
fuel gauges through the long sweep
were low and they were unable to
keep up the sizzling pace set by the
cruiser After signaling. "Torpedoes
expended" they turned to SoerabaJa.
The problem of refueling there
was that the Jap raids were in
cesSant and every time bombers
were announced overhead it was
necessary to disengage the fuel
boeoe .rd ecoftor fo coo The hand =.
full OF American fighters had now
dwindled almost to nothing and only
anti-aircraft fire opposed the Japs'
high-level bombing.
The moon again favored the Japs
on the night Of February %. when
the destroyers moved seaward. The
night before a Dutch officer had
said: IF you could shoot down that
moon you could win the bsttle, "
but the moon was as bright as
ever.
Japs' Fire Returned.
Jap deStroyers were out patrolling
the Bali Straits. A Jap. seen later
of the Port Dom in Madura Strait.
at 2::lO am, opened fire at 2:32
am, when two others Joined him.
The Americans returned the fire
and managed to squeeze five extra
knots from their aching boilers.
Somehow they slipped through.
Later, however, the destroyer Pope,
which had remained in Soerabaja
during the main engagement be-
cause OF engine trouble, tried to take
the Exeter out south of the bar
rier. The last signal heard from
her was that she located somewhere
of Southwestern Borneo and had
engaged the enemy.
Although hit directly by two Jap
8-inch shells, the Houston suffered
Evening star., 1942-03-20
Jap Advance ImperiIed
By StiIweIFs Forces

LONDON, March 20 LP).-Chinese
troops under United States 1t. Gen.
Joseph w. Stilwell are continuing
to menace the japanese advance in
Burma toward Toungoo, British
military informant said today.
He declared the japanese probably
would try to push simultaneously
into Burma's interior along the
Prone and Toungoo road - the
west and east branches of the Burma
Road-and might give the British
and Chinese a chance to counter
attack by stretching out toe far west
toward Prone.
Akyab 468 miles by sea from Jap
anese-captured Rangoon, has a
sheltered harbor which can accom-
modate ships of heavy tonnage.
Evening star., 1942-03-20
Birds Attack Children

Complaints that magpies attacked
and terrorized school children re-
suited in decision to permit rangers
in the Bainesse district of New
Zealand to shoot the birds for the
next three months. The action was
reported at 4 meeting in yelling
ton of the Council Of the Acclimati-
zation Society.
Evening star., 1942-03-20
Communiques
U. 5. Bombers Score
Hit on Jup Cruiser

The teri OF War Department com
No. 153, based on report
receiped up to 10 am. today:
/. Philippine theater:
No activity reported.
2. Australia:
Two American Army heavy
bombers Of the Flying Fortress
type attacked Japanese vessels in
the harbor of Rabaul, New Brit
ain Island, on March 18. A di-
rect hit was scored on Z large
enemy cruiser.
The complete list of Army per-
sonnel who accompanied Gen.
Macarthur from the Philippines
to Australia follows:
Maj. Gen. Richard X. Suther-
land, chief Of staf1, Elkins, w. Va.
Brig. Gen. Richard j. Marshall,
deputy chief OF staff. Portsmouth.
Va.
Col. Charles P. Stivers, G. S. c.,
assistant chief of staff, G-1,
Downers Grove, Ill.
Col Charles A. Willoughby,
G. s. c., assistant chief OF stan,
CO., Bronxville, N. Y.
Capt. Joseph McMicking, Air
Corps, assistant G-2, Manila, P. I.
Brig. Gen. Spencer B. Akin,
signal officer, Greenville, Miss.
1t. Col. Joe R. Sherr, S. c.,
assistant signal oficer, Hurley,
Wis.
Brig. Gen. william F. Mar
quat, anti-aircraft officer, Seattle.
Brig. Gen. Harold H. George,
air officer, Los Angeles.
Brig. Gen. Hugh ]. Casey, en-
gineer, Washington.
1t. Col. Sidney L. HUH, infan-
try, aide de camp.
1t. Col. Francis H. Wilson, in
fantry, aide de camp. Joppa. Md.
1t. Col. LIE Grande A. Diller,
infantry, aide de camp, Syracuse,
N. Y.
Maj. Charles H. Morhouse,
Medical Corps, Ticonderoga, Ny.
Master Sergt. Paul P. Rogers,
infantry, secretary.
3. There is nothing to report
from other areas.
Navy communiQue No. So, issue
yesterday. said:
Far East-In compliance with
orders from the Navy Department,
Rear Admiral Francis w. Rock
we'll. U. S. NJ, the commandant of
the 10th Naval District (Philip-
pine Islands, has arrived in Aus
tralia. Rear Admiral Rockwell
left Corrigidor In Gen. MacAr-
thurs party which reached Aus
tralia on March II. He Is now
in Melbourne.
When Japan attacked the Phil
ippines without warning, Admiral
Rockwell was in command of the
18th Naval District, with his head
quarters at the navy yard, Cavite,
which Is across Manila Bay from
Manila. When the naval estab-
lishment there became no longer
tenable. 1t was destroyed ef1ec-
lively. Admiral Rockwell then
proceeded to Corregidor with the
naval and Marine Corps forces
under his command and since
then has ta':en part in the defense
Of Corregidor and the Bataan
Peninsula under cor ,mand OF Gen.
Macarthur. His naval and Marine
Corps forces number only about
one third Of the Regular United
States Army troops in that area.
1t Is expected that Admiral
Rockwell will be assigned to an
appropriate command, probably
at sea.
There is nothing to report from
other areas.
Evening star., 1942-03-20
Mrs. Wiley to Speak
At Health Forum

Mrs. Harvey w. Wiley. civic leader
and clubwoman. will be guest speak
er at o'clock tonight at a meeting
of the Washington Health Forum in
the Y. M. C. A. Building. Eighteenth
and G streets NV. Her subject will
be DIR. Wiley. the Father OF the
Pure Food Law"
Prof. George R. Laird, president
of the forum, will introduce Mrs
Wiley.
The meeting will be open to the
public without charge.
Evening star., 1942-03-20
Congress in Brief
TODAY.

Senate:
Continues debate over seating Of
Senator Langer, Republican, Of
North Dakota.
Ways and Means Committee pur-
sues tax study.
House:
In recess.
Naval Committee continues con-
sideration of suspension Of 40-hour
week.
Evening star., 1942-03-20
By MARY CARTER ROBERTS,,
Star Staff Correspondent.

| LEWES, Del, March 20.-Friday
the 18th bore all its traditional fate
fulness for the Yugoslav freighter
Trepca when the date appeared in
| the calendar this month. Loaded
with bauxite, she was steaming along
somewhere off Cape Hatteras when.
at about 1890 am, with high sea
running, she was torpedoed without
warning by a huge German sub
marine, heavily armed. Within 35
minutes she sank.
The freighter's captain, Marochini
Stanko, and 80 others Of her chew
of 81, were brought here by the
United States Coast Guard Tuesday
morning after three days at sea IN
open boats.
Details of the submarine attack
were learned from these survivors by
reporters aided by Ensign James
Adonesis of the United States Navy,
who acted as interpreter for the
multi-lingual crew of the freighter.
Killed in Engine Room.
According to their story. one tor
pedo struck the vessel amidshlps
on the starboard side, passing clear
through her, killing two men IN
the engine room, fouling the star
board lifeboats and wrecking the
radio apparatus so no calls for help
could be sent out. Another torpedo
NAV have struck her starboard bow.
She listed at once and 1t was ap-
parent to her officers she was
doomed.
Only the port boats were usable
and one of these, in being lowered,
stuck and had to be cut loose. Fall
ing into the water, it crushed two
officers against the side Of the ship,
killing them.
The freighter, In spite Of her
injury. kept going full steam ahead.
and because Of her list, she circled,
like a duck with a broken wing.
Because Of this. and the rough
weather. it was impossible to fill the
two boats properly. and many men
had to take to RATS or leap into the
sea.
The submarine, after firing, came
up to within 100 yards and members
Of her crew appeared on deck, calmly
watching the freighter's men strug-
Cling in the water. One German
took boat hook and f1shed drift
ing life belt out of the sea. Not
until the freighter sank did the sub
leave the scene. Then she sub
merged.
Saga Of Courage.
Capt. Stanko said his men who
were killed were Third Mate Vokojo
Duzic, Second Engineer Mate Povic,
Fireman Stipe Orbic and Trimmer
Bennedikt Cziskowski.
The story told by Capt. Stanka
and the others was one in which
common sense, courage and prac-
tical seamanship were the chief in
gradients. Wrath smoldered In their
eyes when Germany was mentioned,
though they said nothing beyond
telling the tale of their own adven-
lures. A key to their emotion came
out when one, Boris Magazinovic, 26.
Yugoslavian radio operator, was
asked If he had family.
"The soldiers smash my family"
he replied. II think. I do not
know"
In their desperate plight they had
an example of courage and discipline
in the conduct Of their captain, now
in the Lewes Hospital receiving
treatment. He had been i'll but, ira
ditionally, he was the last to leave
his ship. When all his men were
off he jumped into the sea and. de-
spite the water he swallowed. took
command of the lifeboat which
Evening star., 1942-03-20

not even single casualty in the
battle. After going to Tanjon Prick
Port of Batavia. where she ar
rived at 2 pm. Saturday, remaining
until 7 o'clock. the Houston set forth
on voyage In company with other
vessels toward the Sunda Straits
(Copyright, 1912. BY Chicago Daily News,
Incl
Evening star., 1942-03-20
Prayer Day to Be Marked

CANBERRA. Australia, March 20
R.-Prime Minister John Curtin
informed Australia's state premiers
today Of King Georges request that
all British communities observe
March 20 as . national day Of
PRAYER.
Evening star., 1942-03-20
Burma
Continued From First Page.) J

west from the Sittang River. across
the Rangoon-Manaday Railway, and
the Bassein- Railway to
the seacoast north of Bassein.
Fighting Reported Heavy.
Fighting in North China is heavy
and still under way in the south and
west of Shantung Province. Opera
tions in the west, however, were
said to be nearing an end. Some
fighting was reported in Southern
Honan Province.
Evening star., 1942-03-20
Monthly preeipitation in INCHES IN the
Humidity for Last "a Hours.

fFrom noon Yesterday to noon today,l
highest, 90 per cent. at $50 q. m. today.
-. lowest, 29 Der cent, at $50 pm. yes
erday.
Evening star., 1942-03-20
Weather Report

FURNISHED United States Weather BureauJ
District of Columbia-Warmer tonight gentle winds
Maryand-Not quite cold tonight. .
Virpnia-Warmer tonight showers in southwest portion
Evening star., 1942-03-20
Record Temperature This Year.
Highest, rs, on March II.
Lowest, 6, on January IL.
RaAAsA lnIIaaf ~ HAuHa

Record for Last "a Hours.
(From noon yesterday to noon today
Highest, 55, at 5 80 pm. yesterday. Year
ago, 5S.
Lowest. "a. at 7:5O Am. today. Year
ago, 36.
Evening star., 1942-03-20

picked him up. 1t was the smaller
of the two.