davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-07-05
Naturalization
OF Narcissus
Is Simple
Vigorous Varieties
Make Good Shoe
During Spring
By A. G.. Mclean.

Many persons do not realize just
how we'll narcissuses are adapted for
naturalizing. In a partially shaded
place where the soil is not too dry
or in loca ton not too close to maple
trees they do very we'll and will
make a good show in the spring,
provided you plant the vigorous va
rieties and allow the foliage to ma
ture before cutting it.
Another genus of bulbs which
does we'll when naturalized is Or
nithogalum. One species has run
wild in parts of the United States
and it is fully capable of taking care
of itself. In fact, in many sections,
it has become Weedy. This is the
Ornithogalum umbellatum, the COM
mon Star -of-Bethlehem Another
species of this genus, Ornithogalum
nutans, is now being offered and is
well worth planting, for it is some
thing different. 1t is a bulb that
bears rather handsome spikes of
gray-green flowers entirely different
from anything else that we know Of
in flowers.
This bulb is perfectly hardy, in
creases we'll and has run wild in a
few isolated localities in North
America. It is much more hand
some than the common Ornitho-
galum umbellatum. 1t is we'll worth
considering in quantity, particularly
in partly shaded places, for it seems
to thrive and do we'll where it can
get some sun early in the spring.
1t even does we'll under trees, pro-
vided the soil is not too dry. But
remember you can't grow much un-
der any tree that forms a dense
top and casts heavy shade.
There are several other species of
Ornithogalum being offered which
are worth considering Among them
are the Ornithogalum pyramidale
and Ornithogalum narbonese. These
are tall and bear handsome spikes
of white bloom. They are little
tender and need some protection.
They are not as good for naturaliz-
| ing as Ornithogalum umbellatum or
! Ornithogalum nutanS, for they re-
| quire more care. There is host of
tender species from the Cape of
Good Hope which belong to the Or
nithogalum family. These are not
hardy and can only be grown in the
South or under glass. But one spe-
! cies from the Mediterranean region,
Ornithogalum arabicum, is now be-
ing grown in Central California and
can be grown in gardens as far north
as New Jersey provided you will
keep it in a frame or protect it from
freezing in the winter. This can be
done by heavy mulching. If you will
do this, you will find the little
known white flower with a promi-
net black pistil very handsome. 1t
is of easy cultivation, provided the
bulbs are Kept from freezing dur
ing the winter. Trying unusual
plants adds zest and interest to
gardens.
Evening star., 1942-07-05
Beauty Throughout Year
HLiving Room Is in Rear of House
All.Season Garden Is Needed
GARDEN NEW S.
By Lillian fright Smith

the living OF ne
the demand tor
and interest mld"HIer anu
restfulness in summer
planting planned as to use the most
that there may
spaces flowers, If desired .,.-
living southern
the situation Of the end Of the garden on whc
prohibitve OF
material particularly
the north
nothing beautul or
laurel tPunu
incorrect; not laurel AT
Evening star., 1942-07-05

weather, the beauty OF their bloom
more than compensates for this
fault. They. too, must be left un-
disturbed by the cultivator and their
roots kept cool with a mulch. OAK
leaves and manure will both pro-
tect and feed
For note of daintiness, the
abelia (Abelia grandif1ora) with it,
small, listrous foliage and pale PINK
bells from July till frost, offers an
other type of contrast and Is a
hardy. inexpensive plant. 1t wiz
thrive with minimum Of care
but the mulch you give the others
in this list will keep abelia up to
its optirum possibilities.
A planting Of this type must pos
seSs contrast and interest and can
be arranged to include flowers that
will not be missed when summer
Is over. Nothing is more telling
among shade-loving evergreens than
the stately spires of the regs7 lily
Uilium regale) and blue bells
(Mertersia will bloom happily un-
der large shrubs in early spring.
If your problem is one of the
view to the sunny end of a garden,
it is no problem at all Again, as
in shade the yews will give lovely
background and mass effects.
The Indian bamboo (Nandina do
mestica) planted among them will
give delightful contract with its fine
foliage which turns to scarlet in
yryifk f1a kril Nf
tufts of scarlet berries at the top
OF the plant.
The osmanthus (Osmanthus aqui-
loiium) sometimes called sweet olive,
but not an olive at all, with holly
like foliage, dark and glossy, is
handsome shrub in sunny ever
green Planting. 1t grows in COM
pact form to to feet, is perfectly
hardy and entirely foolproof. 1t
will thrive in any ordinary garden
soil. but will be at it's loveliest with
a yearly feeding of manure, either
| from the farm or the commercial
| variety
| There Is contrast and interest to
be attained through form as well
as textures and color, and for this
effect there are two dogwoods that
cannot be to strongly recommended,
although seldom used. They lose
their leaves, it is true, but for this
very reason they make a contribu-
ton of striking beauty to the ever
green p antlng. The stems of the
tartarian dogwood (Cornus alba)
are rich, wine red and it makes
symmetrical growth to about 10
feet. The gray dogwood (Cornus
racemosa produces a most unusual
effect among the dark plants with
its pearly gray wood and white fruit.
Again any good garden soil will
serve. But remember that their
feeding roots are near the surface,
so they must not be cultivated, but
like mulch of leaf mold.
These suggestions furnish good,
basic planting for the purpose in
dicated and leaves the gardener free
to fill in, as desired, with flowers
which best suit his taste, being care
full to arrange the material so that
when the frost has done its work
the composition retains its value as
an integrated planting.
Evening star., 1942-07-05
Tall.Growing Plants
Should Be Staked

If you have not already done so,
all tall growing plants should be
staked if you want to keep them
looking their best. While we have
not yet had any high winds, they
are due any time during heavy
thundershower and then the tall
plants, If not firmly staked. will be
fiat, perhaps broken, and some of
the roots disturbed.
When stalking, be sure the stake is
firmly placed, not so close to the
plant as to damage the crown, or
the bulb, If it is dubious plant.
Of course, you may injure a few
roots but you can't help that. Then,
tie the plant to the stake with a fiat
piece of old cloth or with soft twine.
Tie the plant firmly but not too
close to the stake. 1t is better to
tie it In two or three places up the
stalk. On plant with many stems,
1t Is better to use several stakes
rather than to tie the whole plant
to one, 80 that It looks like . broom.
Evening star., 1942-07-05
Bulbs to Be Scarce
With Price Rise
Indicated
By Laurence and Edna Blair.

BY Laurence ana Edra Blair.
Many fine bulbs are now grown in
America, but Holland, the land
which for centuries grew them to a
greater degree of perfection than
any other in the world, is temporar-
lily occupied by the enemy and will
not be able to return to the prac-
tice of Horticulture for some time.
Naturally, bulbs will become scarce
and more expensive for while, and
we should all take the best care pos
sible of those we have.
The true bulb contains the leaf
or flower bud or combination of
the two surrounded by either feshy
layers as with the tulip, narcissus or
hyacinth, or it may consist of a
number of overlapping scales as does
the lily. If we'll matured and cared
for these bulbs contain the food ma
terial necessary for their growth at
the time of planting. Remember,
therefore, that next years flowers
are actually forming while this
years foliage is maturing. and give
Vic DulDS DIS HluCn care dlIeT CIey
bloom as you do before.
Bulbs which bear flowers and
leaves on the same stem, as do tu-
lips, should not be cut so as to re-
move any part of the foliage or next
years blooms will suffer. Cut off
the flowers near the top of the stem
as they start to wither as this will
prevent them from going to seed
and thus taking vitality from the
bulb.
Keep the surface soil around the
bulbs loosened even after the flow
ers are removed and until the foliage
dies down completely. BY keeping
the leaves green as long as possible
healthier new growth is formed
for next year.
When the foliage has become
quite dried up, the bulbs are
dormant, and If they have become
crowded they may be dug up, sepa-
rated, and either replanted immedi.
ately, or stored until early fall. In
either case it is always we'll to
choose new location for replanting.
Evening star., 1942-07-05

all, though It's glossy tonnage Is
similar in shape, but larger.
1t makes a thick, compact growth
from 10 to Is feet high. is rich,
dark green in color, and lovely at all
seasons. It is hardy and undemand-
ing, though it should have good
drainage and a good soil into which
a generous amount OF humus has
been added at planting. Like most
OF the broad leaves it must be culti-
waited, but will give fine returns
from a mulch OF manure or leaf
mold.
The andromeda (Pieris japonica)
provides a spendid addition to a
northern exposure planting. 1t
thrives best in shade and its long,
pendant buds, like strings Of pearls,
hang all winter among its bright
green foliage to bloom very early in
the spring, when the small blossoms
resemble lilies Of the valley.
It needs moisture. though with
good drainage and should be well
mulched. With peat moss scarce
and expensive, andromeda, like
other broad leaves, thrives on a
mulch of manure, which is the most
practical of all mulches, giving food
as we'll as conserving moisture.
The yew family (Taxus) either in
the upright or spreading form is
ideal for all-season beauty and
adaptability. In sun or shade, they
give unfailing returns. asking only
reasonable care - light cultivation
and a yearly feeding of manure.
There Is one shade-loving shrub
that is particularly lovely when
planted with yews for contrast in
form and texture-the Oregon holly
grape (Mahonia aquifolium). It's
lustrous foliage, very dark green in
summer is perfect foil for the
silvery, blue fruit with its COO
frosted effect, and in the winter the
foliage is yellow and scarlet, in SHARP
contrast to the other evergreens.
Mahonias require an acid culture
Give them equal quantities Of lea1
mold and manure and be sure Il
avoid bone meal. q,
OF course a shade planting woult
| include some of the rhododendrons
either natives or hybrids, and though
their foliage will droop and look I
bit discouraged in extremely cox
Evening star., 1942-07-05
Juniper Subject
To Attacks in
Some Cases
Scale Frequently
Destroys Many
old Specimens

Although jumpers are fairly free
from destructive insects and serious
diseases, they are subject to at
tacks which may require treatment
to preserve the trees in desirable
state Of health and vigor.
The principal insect of the juniper
is the Juniper scale which frequent
ly destroys many fine specimens.
1t is stated that the most salts
factory spray is that which will
destroy the young scale insects
which hatch and are active about
the first week in June. Two mix
lures are suggested as satisfactory.
The one is made up of to 8
pounds of hard or liquid soap,
pint of nicotine sulphate contain
ing 40 per cent nicotine and 100
gallons Of water. The exact amount
of soap TO be used will depend upon
the hardness of the water. For l
gallon lots, use few ounces of soap
and teaspoonful of nicotine.
The other mixture consists of
~ gallons of summer oil, such as
IL,
OF nicotine sulphate containing 40
per cent nicotine and 100 gallons
OF water. For ! gallon, use "A
ounce Summer oil and l teaspoon
full Of nicotine. A second applica-
ton Of either mixture should be
made after 10 days. The entire
plant should be sprayed as the in
sect will be killed only if contacted
by the mixture.
The seconC mixture can also be
used for the destruction of red
spiders or mites which cause the
foliage tC turn brown or yellow
and in heavy infestations may cause
death Of the plant. The spraying
should be done Immediately that
there ale indications of infestation.
Juniper web-Worm can be con-
trolled by the use of any spray or
dust containing arSenate of lead
applied as soon as the first feeding
by the insect Is noticed. Satisfac-
tory results will be obtained by the
use of any dust containing arsenate
of lead, such as mixture of
pound Cf that material with pounds
| OF hydI ated lime or 8 pounds OF
clay or any spray containing those
materials in the proportion of IL
pounds to so gallons of water. 1t
is suggested that the plants be wash
sprayed with water a few hours
after spraying with oil or soap mix
lures which helps to remove the
| insects or mites from the infested
| plants.
Nursery blight or twig blight as
it is sometimes called. found fire.
quently or jumpers, is characterized
by dying of the tips of the twigs
which turn light tan in color
Young trees may be severely in
| jured ard sometimes killed as the
fungus extends toward the trunk
By the time the disease becomes
noticeable, minute black fruiting
bodies become evident as they push
| through the epidermis of the in
fected leaves.
| The disease is most prevalent dur
ing seasons of excessive moisture
especially during the spring months
when the new growth takes place
Crowdlng of plants produces condi-
tions favorable for the spread oi
the fungus which may continue
throughout the season.
To control this disease, prune of
and bum the affected twigs late ir
the fall or winter. This should be
followed by two or three APPLICATIONS
of Bordeaux mixture at two-week
intervals, starting at the time new
growth takes place in the spring.
Evening star., 1942-07-05

vided. In most city yards, where
the lots are exceedingly narrow, the
choice is rather restricted to narrow
columnar types of shrubs, or those
which may be pruned into hedge
form. Or we may use vines or
climbing roses on framework. The
planner with his paper before him
can note how much space is avail
able for such use. Can we spare
2 feet for vines, 4 feet for a hedge,
or 10 feet for a row of shrubs?
With the space for screening de-
cided upon, the question of shade
might well be considered next
Does the back of the house need to
be shaded? Will the appearance of
the house be improved by a green
background? Shade may be wanted
for recreational spots. The size
and height of shade trees can best
be determined by looking at the
plan. Then, with definite require
ments it will be easier to select
those kinds of trees that meet the
needs of a particular situation.
The planning of the screen and
the location of trees is basic. After
they are placed the division OF the
yard to other uses becomes a sim
pie matter. No one attempt will
probably achieve the most effective
results, but 1t is an easy matter to
try out number of arrangements
before settling upon the one to be
carried out.
The location of walks might we'll
be the final step since they should
connect those points to and from
which there is to be considerable
travel. Walks should be direct,
otherwise the natural tendency to
take shortcuts will render them
more or less valueless.
With the plan completed, let's
take one more look at it. Do YOU
have desirable views from the win
dows? Can mother watch the small
fry from where she works? Will
the trees and shrubs hide the un-
desirable views? Ask yourself these
and many other similar questions
before putting the plan into effect
The back yard is the space where
we spend the greater share of our
time out of doors, so let's make it
a pleasant. comfortable place which
we may enjoy our leisure and recre-
etion.
Evening star., 1942-07-05
Planning the Back Yard
~ For Most Effective Use of Area
~ Chart 1t on Paper in Advance
By ". H. Youngman.

majority Of
eocy development whereas each should fit
situation need
should
ouofdoors where
desired activity pretty
Planning needed
most effectively and the
uses Planning needed to tie all of the elements together and
attractive
YOU have the of the
foot estate" in
Planning garden piece
In the plans expense
Evening star., 1942-07-05
Home Gardeners
Should Care
For Tools
Prolongs Their Use
And Increases.
Efficiency
Bv the Master Gardener.

MY father was a farmer-to be
more specific, he was a capable
farmer-and woe betide any one
who left a tool exposed to the
elements after it was no longer
needed for the season. Each tool
was put in good repair, cleaned,
painted, creased and housed-and
there were no unreasonable delays
due to mechanical breakdowns when
harvest time came; also his re-
placement cost for tools was ex-
ceedingly low.
Even in normal times the home
gardener should take lesson from
the man who makes agriculture his
vocation and keep all tools in an
excellent state of repair and pres
ervation. Today, with metals SO
scarce and representing such vital
item in warfare, it is especially I'M
portant that we give our tools the
best of care, to prolong their use
fulness and increase their efficiency.
Don't leave any tool exposed to
the weather. When tools are stored
for some time, lubricate5 thoroughly
so they will not rust.
If YOU should have any tool that
has become rusted through neglect
or unavoidable circumstances you'll
be interested in this formula for
removing rust, reprinted through
the courtesy of Timely Turf Top
ics," published by the United States
Golf Association Green Section,
Washington, D. c.:
Keep Tools Rust-free.-The life
of tools which will be progressively
more difficult to replace may be
heightened by keeping them free
from rust. Even heavy deposits of
rust can be removed easily and eco
nomically by the use of paste made
from the following ingredients:
Evening star., 1942-07-05
The Garden Notebook

The heavy rains of last gave gardens
shrubs and trees all looked and
held up soaking
soil had become much der than good
for plant growth.
Now that again transpanting should
rapidly possible Seeds of perennias and biennas
paintings of vegetables be
made
:*;2s:;::::
ordinary sprays insects-somach poisonsare not
beetle Ordinary wheat flower g
ounces, should Tin
gallons emulsion added each
"a gallons make them attrac-
beetle to mix Of
Jap beetle offered by the stores or trap
&&;A9
The Oriental should at this
Delay September smaller flowers
Incorporate into the soil before planting
you would have them vigorous and free towering
SeDS
Pruning disease Make practice OF ser-
izng into infected wood. This is
especially blight of fruit
the best dsineants but furnishes
metal.
e@.G:
Watch the runners strawberry plants pin
place they please cultivation and pick
ing Occasionally it is desirable to grow
few plants transpanting be accomplished by
making set in the row where runners
may Sixnch best for this purpose 1t
desirable plants from the more prolific plants Tor h
n
Since poles are somewhat difficult pole
good provided setting stakes
az az h d and then tvinp strings between them for the beans
to of this method that it makes
spayng and they climb poles
9@&
comparatively to grow from
obtained from
varieties obtained through
systematic breeding using the best parents obtanabe
z@1H
Garden lilies NAV be nropagated from seed from
from bulb Only the seed do not the virus
diseases difficult Most lilies flower within
two years from given adequate cultural care.
eT@.I:
on the growing with uccuent growth
OF Plant
dstry of the Agriculture
merca fertilizer with astonshng good
poded
Evening star., 1942-07-05
Plants for Houses

High houses need tall-growing,
spreading plants like honeysuckle;
low houses, such as Cape Cod cot
tages, may use ANIMALS such as
petunias, or perennials like holly
hooks or iris for foundation plant
inpS.
Evening star., 1942-07-05

"The tools should be coated with
the paste and allowed to stand in
a warm place for about 20 minutes,
after which the paste and the rust
with it can be washed off and rust
preventive applied"
In view of the oxalic acid content
it is best not to get the paste on
the hands, as it might be harmful
to some people. Apply with some
suitable instrument, such as pad
die or brush.
Evening star., 1942-06-03
Federal Obligation

The stand which the Commission
ers have taken against "discrimina-
iory" pay increases for employees of
the District government is based on
sound logic. Without passing on the
merits of the claims in behalf of
higher salaries for police and fire.
men, 1t clearly would be unfair to
other classes of District workers if
only policemen and firemen were
granted raises. But to apply to all
municipal employees a scale COM
parable to that proposed for the
Police and Fire Departments would
cost an estimated $3,OOO,OOO and,
unless most of the burden were borne
by the Federal Government, would
mean intolerably higher taxes for
District residents in an era of rapidly
rising Federal taxes.
1t is perfectly natural and proper
that the question of increasing the
Federal contribution to the upkeep
of the National Capital should have
arisen in the Senate District Com
mittee'S consideration of the paw in
crease problem. If there are to be
higher salaries for District employees,
why should not the Federal Govern
ment pay its fair share of the extra
cost? The effect of the present in
equitable lump-Sum system is to put
a1ceiling on Federal obligations while
the lid is lifted high with respect to
local taxes. Yet the Federal Govern
ment is obtaining greater and greater
benefits from the various municipal
departments which serve the Federal
establishments as well as local
citizens.
In urging larger Federal con-
tribution to District expenses, Chair
man McCarran pointed out that the
Police and Fire Departments have
the responsibility of protecting the
growing Federal establishment.
And Senator Overton, long an advo-
cate Of percentage formula for
eAAAfiAS dO Vic TCuCl dl UUllSdIlOIl
called attention to the fact that this
growing establishment must be sup
piled with growing amounts of water,
free OF cost. Nor should the increased
demand for educational, sanitary,
health, highway and other municipal
services be forgotten; nor the Zoo
a national institution supported al
most wholly by District taxpayers.
Simple justice requires that before
Congress gives serious study to
drastic increases in District govern
ment costs, which saddle District
residents with even higher taxes,
1t should remove the arbitrary
lump-sum ceiling from the Federal
obligation toward the District and
open the way for the National Gov
ernment to bear a reasonable share
Of the cost Of running the Capital.
Evening star., 1942-06-03
Balkan Enemies

In asking Congress to recognize
the existence of a state of war be-
tween this country and Bulgaria.
Rumania and Hungary, an action
which comes nearly six months after
those nations declared themselves at
war with us, the President has taken
what undoubtedly was an inevitable
step.
Mr.. Roosevelts message to Con-
gress sets forth no reasons for the
delay in asking for this declaration
of a state of war, but several suggest
themselves. One possibility is that
the administration, recognizing that
our three new enemy states have
been completely dominated by Hitler,
hoped nevertheless that the people
of Bulgaria, Rumania and Hungary
would remain half-hearted in their
support of the Axis as long as we
refrained from a formal declaration
of war. If this was the case, ap-
parently the hope has not been real
lied. 1t also has been suggested
that the Russian government de-
sired the declaration for which the
President has asked, and that Mr..
Roosevelt's action was in response to
that desire. There remains also the
possibility that this Government has
not felt that declaration of war
against these three powers, or the
time of it, was a very vital matter
until now.
Once Congress has granted the
Presidents request with respect to
these three nations, Finland will re-
main as the one active opponent of
Russia with whom we will not be at
war. If this seems to be something
of a paradox, however, it is no
stranger in any sense than the spec
tacle of RusSia's maintenance of
nominally friendly relations with
Japan, against whom we are waging
a finish war. What influence time
will have on these relationships is
any ones guess.