davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-06-08
Mrs. Roosevelt Describes
u. ). 0bjectives in War
Nv this Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, June 8-Mrs.
Franklin D. Roosevelt said today in
an American Magazine article that
the great mass of the American
people still feel that they are fight
ing merely because we have to-"
NO great conviction seems to have
come as yet to the people of the
Nation to make them feel that they
fight for something so precious that
any price is worth paying" she
wrote. ITO me, it seems We fight
for two things-for freedom and for
a permanent basis for peace in the
world"
Under the first objective. Mrs.
Roosevelt listed freedom to live
under the government of our choice,
freedom from economic want. and
freedom from racial and religious
discrimination.
The Presidents wife listed under
the peace aim:
"A world economy guaranteeing to
all people free trade and access to
raw materials; a recognition of the
rights and the dignity of the indi-
vidual; machinery through which
international difficulties may be
settled without recourse to war. This
necessitates international machinery
as we'll as an international police
force"
Evening star., 1942-06-08
German Women Degraded
By kazis, MacLeish SAYS
By the Associated Press

BY the Associated Press.
SOUTHAMPTON, Mass, June 8.
Archibald MacLeish, head of the
Once of Facts and Figures, told
Smith College graduates yesterday
that the best description of women
in Germany were that they had
become maid and servant of the
Nazi male"
1T is this destruction of human
dignity, which is the true face and
image of the thing we fight against,
and nowhere does it show itself
more clearly than in the Nazi treat
ment Of the German woman" he
said.
"Other nations have used the cap
tured women of their enemies for
the purposes the Nazis use their
own, but never before in history has
any nation made its girls the brides
the indiscriminate and undis-
eliminating brides-of the state it
self.
And never before in history has
any nation made a virtue OF the
necessity Of denying to any wom-
an, of it's own or of another race,
the central, the essential woman's
right to be mistress of herself"
Evening star., 1942-06-08
.Winunt Is Credited
With Ending Strike
Rv the Assoriated presS

by lnt hSSOClated PreSS.
DURHAM, England, June S.-A
speech by United States Ambassador
John G. Winant here Saturday was
credited last night with Fastening
the end of four-day-old strike by
5000 miners Of two Durham and two
Yorkshire collieries.
The miners voted to return to
work after their delegates had heard
Mr.. Winant tell the miners asso-
citation that the war must be won
on the economic front before victory
is achieved on the military front.
Sam Watson, the miners treas
urer, said the delegates agreed Mr.
Winant was "a great guy"
The strikers had demanded a wage
increase of 80 cents shift.
Evening star., 1942-06-08

stick by which men were measured
in the days OF the late Samuel
Gompers has shriveled to a scant
inch. So far from being a labor
statesman" to a good many, Mr..
Murray seems a breast beating labor
politician, with a gift for weeping
in public and a total lack of stabil-
ity in public affairs. Certainly, the
isolation views Of Mr.. Lewis were
deplorable and his coal strike threat
last November was an indefensible
use of national emergency to ex-
tend his personal power and force
hard-pressed Government to make
concessions. 1t was nationally hu-
initiating that he should have sue
ceeded, but, at least, he was not
hypocritical about it. He did not
double-cross anybody and he did not
pantingly proclaim his own patriotic
purity.
These things cannot be said truth
fully Of Mr.. Murray. For months
that somewhat pompous gentleman
had been steadily oozing state
ments pledging his full support to
our defense effort, declaring that he
was 100 per cent" back of the
President. But, when the test
came. Mr.. Murray's 100 per cent"
support shrank to zero. In brief,
he did not back the President-he
backed Mr.. Lewis. At the time the
President rightly felt that the
threatened coal strike would be a
devastating blow to the national
defense, his great champion and
friend. Mr.. Murray. went out to his
CIO convention and put through a
resolution placing his CIO squarely
behind Mr.. Lewis strike.
Labor Put First.
In other words, despite his patri-
otic outbursts. his 100 per cent
support statements and his pas
sionate protestations of personal
friendship for Mr.. Roosevelt, when
Mr.. Murray had a chance to stand
with his President and put the ma
tional interests first. he left the
President and put his labor interests
first. Not only that, but he re-
signed from the Presidents National
Evening star., 1942-06-08
This Changing World
DooIittIe's spottns Jap Worships Transports Held
Tpoff to Navy to Prepare for Midway Attack

cific Fleet, to take all necessary
precautions to meet the Nippon
ese onslaught with all the force
at his disposal.
Even II Gen. Doolittle had
not flown over Japan there could
have been no complete surprise
as occurred at Pearl Harbor De-
cember 7. There might have
been a minor surprise. however.
since after 1t was known that
the japanese feet was steaming
eastward, 1t was possible for 1t
to attempt strong demonstra-
ton on the West Coast.
The Pacific is a huge expanse
of water. and 1t would have been
logical for any commander in
chief to disperse his forces to
meet a surprise attack on any
point of the coast extending from
Alaska to Lower California.
Japs Get the Surprise.
The fact that transports were
included in the forces which
were being concentrated at the
japanese bases was the tipof
that the enemy intended to try
a landing somewhere. Since
such an operation in Alaska
would not have been fruitful
and any force attempting to land
on the West Coast would have
been annihilated-and the Japs
knew it-there was only one
logical conclusion, namely, that
the enemy intended to tackle a
relatively easy, yet strategically
important, objective, most likely
Midway Island.
If there was any surprise at
all in the Midway attack. the
Japanese must have felt it, for
Admiral Nimitz was fully pre-
pared. The feeble japanese at
tempt to draw some Of our forces
toward Alaska and the Aleutian
Islands failed completely.
When the Japanese attack on
Evening star., 1942-06-08
Borroge Balloons Loose,
Score British Columbia

BY the ASSOCIATED Press.
VANCOUVER, June 8.-Defensive
barrage balloons from south of the
international boundary went on an
offensive rampage over the British
Columbia lower mainland Saturday,
causing an invasion scare and snap
ping half dozen high tension lines
with their dragging cables.
The balloons put all but one VAN
couver radio station off the air Tor
several hours and cut electric power
in rural districts.
Many thought the japanese were
staging a parachute invasion.
Afraid wardens, police and
farmers joined in the chase of the
balloons and captured several before
they drifted over the Gulf Of Geor-
gia toward the northwest. The bal
looms deflate themselves and drift
down after a few hours in the air.
Evening star., 1942-06-08
The Great Game of Politics
Philip Murroy Accused Of Putting
Labor Politics Ahead of Patriotism

by a 9-to-2 decision, voted against
Mr.. Lewis ciosed-shop contention,
taking his labor associate, Mr.. Ken
nedy, with him, thus scuttling a
presidential agency which just two
days before he had praised in the
highest terms.
Mr.. Murray did not do these
things because he liked Mr.. Lewis
or was in sympathy with his strike.
The reverse Of that was true. Very
clearly. he did 1t because not to
have supported the strike position
Of a union as strong as the United
Mine Workers would have rendered
precarious his own position as a
labor leader and made him vulnera-
BILE to attack from inside his own
ranks. Confronted with that situa-
ton, Mr.. Murray did not stand with
his friend. the President; he stood
with his enemy, Mr.. Lewis. BY no
stretch Of the imagination can this
be called labor craftsmanship. 1t
was the act Of labor leader whose
first concern is for himself. Per-
haps Mr.. Roosevelt understood his
position and condoned the strike
Endorsement resolution, which, i'm
pudently enough, was followed by
one indorsing the Presidents foreign
policy. But that did not make the
Murray exhibition any less dis
creditable.
Labor Politics Wins.
The trouble with Mr.. Murray Is
that in his struggle to reconcile
his patriotism with his labor poll
tics. the latter generally wins. Not
long ago at Pittsburgh, expressing
his devotion to the cause of the
United Mine Workers Gust before
he was dropped as vice PRESIDENT =,
Mr.. Murray broke down and wept.
Then he rallied and in a strong
voice declared that Il would lose
my shirt today to help the President
win the war" This, as the New
York Herald Tribune points out,
hardly accords with his continued
championship Of general wage in
creases. specifically the sl-a-day
raise for 10000 workers in Little
Steel companies, which, if granted,
would be the signal for similar de-
mands all through the industry.
These wage increases would knock
the bottom completely out of the
Presidents anti-inf1ation program
and render entirely futile Leon
Henderson's efforts to keep down
the cost OF living with price CELL
ings. In other words, the Herald
Tribune says, Mr.. Murray would
lose his shirt to help the President
win the war, but he wouldn't for a
moment jeopardize his power as a
labor leader by exhorting his fol-
lowers TO cooperate with the Presi-
dents program to stabilize wages at
present levels" The exigencies of
politics compel Presidents to do many
things they do not like, but If Mr..
Roosevelt is going to continue to
let this labor leader sit in his lap.
he should insist on fewer tears and
more sincerity.
tCopyrizht. I942)
Evening star., 1942-06-08

agency set up by the Army to handle
the operation.
The administration said that by
actual count, 99770 Japanese were
removed from l50-mile wide strip
of California. Washington and Ore
gon. and Southern Arizona. Most
Of these persons are now In II
assembly centers scattered through
the region.
Others already have been settled
in relocation centers in the interior,
where they will remain for the dura-
ton of the war Additional reloca-
ton centers are being prepared.
The Army removed these persons
because it believed their presence
in strategic military zones along the
coast might be dangerous.
Evening star., 1942-06-08
Removal Of japanese
From Coast Completed
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
SAN FRANCISCO, June s-A
mass movement without precedent
in American history, evacuation Of
the West Coasts entire japanese
population of almost 100000, is
complete.
II proceeded without any great
hardship, and almost without in
cident And it was finished on
schedule, according to an official
report yesterday by the Wartime
Civil Control Administration, an
Evening star., 1942-06-08

JOT, WlllCl, VI '
course, you are, and liable to
be courtmartialed and shot. But
he says it's because you stayed
too long in Europe and went Eu-
ropean.
With all due respect to Bill, I
think that is hooey. You went
Nazi and going Nazi isn't going
European. Nazi-ism is as anti
European as it is anti-Ameri-
can. 1t never attracted any Ger
mans who could claim to be
Europeans. It's the religion of
n-Germans, with their peren-
nial mystique of Germanism and
German conquest, plus sick and
sadistic Germans, plus ignoram-
uses. Not a single Nazi leader
could, by any stretch of the
imagination, be called a Euro
pean.
Lectured in Universities.
Lots of American correspond
ents lived for years on end in
Europe and became much more
"Europeanized" than you ever
did, Bob Best. Why, you never
even properly learned the Ger
man language. They did and
read European history and phil
osophy, sociology and psychology.
and entered deeply into Euro
pean culture. Take Edgar Now
rer, for instance. He speaks
French, German, Italian and
some Spanish, could pass exam
nations on the history and phil
osophy of any country and has
even lectured in German in Ger
man universities on tendencies
of American and European po-
litical thinking. That didn't
make him American. 1t made
him a lot more understanding
and appreciative of America.
No, Bob, that doesn't explain
you. The truth is that you re-
manned after 20 years as intel
lectually lazy and just about as
ignorant as you were when you
arrived.
You had a good break, too.
You belonged to a great genera
ton OF American correspondents
the one that produced Gunther
and Sheean, and Duranty and
Bolitho and the Mowrer brothers
and Raymond Gram Swing. They
we're loyal to one another and
have remained friends for life.
We helped one another through
emergencies, covered one another
II we were Ill or on vacation.
tried to be truthful and objective,
and felt in some way or other
that it all mattered because We,
too, like the diplomats, repre-
Sented the United States.
Instinctively Anti-Nazi.
Most of us liked the countries
in which we worked. All of us
had intimate friends in them.
But our friends had to be friends
Evening star., 1942-06-08
By CONSTANTINE BROWN.

Brig. Gen. James H. Doolittle's
raid on Japan was a great success
not only because of Its moral
effect on the Japanese, but be-
cause he was able to give the
Navy its first and absolutely cor
rect information about the con-
centraaon of the Japanese feet
and transports at the eastern
Nipponese bases. That permitted
the United States to meet the
attack on Midway Island with
adequate force.
The ONCE of Naval Operations
in Washington had been search
ing a long time to determine
what the next move of the
Evening star., 1942-06-08

size and whereabouts of our surface
vessels, but we gave them no de-
tails concerning the radius of effec-
tiveness or method of operating our
bombing planes from land bases.
And that was the major surprise
which undoubtedly turned the tide
in our favor in the biggest naval
victory for the Allies since the war
began.
Evening star., 1942-06-08
Given Scholarship

Constantine Petmezas, son of Mr..
and Mrs. Adam Petmezas of 43712
Tennessee avenue NE. and high
ranking member of the June gradu-
ating class Of Eastern High School,
has been awarded one-year
scholarship TO Benjamin Franklin
University, DR.. Charles Hart, East
ern High principal, has announced.
Evening star., 1942-06-08

Midway began, in fact as soon
as the advanced portions of the
fleet were sighted, American air
and submarine forces went into
action at once. This was an en-
tirely different story for the Japs
from what had previously hap
pened in other theaters of oper-
alton, where they had always
been permitted to take the in
itiative.
Evening star., 1942-06-08
Open Letter to Bob Best, Who Remained to Become
Nozi, Excommunicutes Him From U. S. Journalists

1ITU TIOW y. ,. JOuIn0IlStS
Of the American idea; lovers Of
freedom and democracy. Be-
cause freedom and democracy
are American concepts. Loving
America the way one does most
when one is far from her, we were
instinctively anti-Nazi, for we
knew no lover of jefferson and
Lincoln could be a Nazi.
Not one Of us ever turned
against America. Only you, Bob
Best. Well. its not tco great a
loss, at that.
Because you embarrassed our
profession many times. There
were those doubtful affairs around
the Credit Anstalt Bank. Do you
remember? Maybe Joe Goeb-
bels remembers, too. and maybe
he has something on you. 1t
wouldn't surprise me.
Maybe you remember telling an
old friend Of yours, just at the
time of the Austrian Anschluss,
IF I ever come to America 1t will
be in order to murder Roosevelt"
That's the President of the United
States, Bob. Even II you don't
like him. At the time we
shrugged our shoulders and said,
"Bob's silly at times" But maybe
you weren't just silly.
I'm sure it can't be any en-
thusiasm for Nazi principles that
really moves you-or If it is, I
wouldn't advise the Nazis to
count on them. How greatly. for
instance, you admired Starhem-
berg at one time. When you ad-
mired, you put up bets. Remem-
Der? Maybe because you lost a
bet on Starhemberg you thought
you'd recoup it on Hitler. Well,
brother, you won't.
Jew Saved His Job.
heard you on the air de-
claiming against the Jews. You.
of all people! The man who
helped you more than any per-
son in. Vienna, and who taught
you most of what you ever
learned about Eastern Europe;
the man who twice saved your
job for you by telegraphing your
copy when you were not on the
job; the man in whose house you
ate meals, from whom, on occa-
sion, you borrowed money, was
a Jew. Sometimes some of us
demonstrated that he was vast
ing his time and energy. He
would say, Hes a good boy, Bob.
Give him time"
Give you rope, is what he
should have said.
1t was the Pulitzer Prize won
by you as a journalism student
that got you to Europe in the
first place. You weren't worried
about the racial origins of Mr..
Pulitzer when you took the
money. Oh, no.
You took what you could where
you could and we're all things to
all men, so that even the Nazis
despised you and said so. For
there is honor, to coin a phrase,
amongst thieves.
Well, Bob, we excommunicate
you. Not one of us would ever
speak to you or shake your hand
again. We who say that were
the best friends you ever had. We
mind about you because we mind
about the profession OF journal
ism and the honor of the foreign
correspondent.
And If you've got any OF your
old schoolbooks left, Bob Best,
get out THE Man Without a
Country" and read it again.
That's where you are, Bob. And
though we despise you from
the bottom of our hearts, that
thought induces a certain con-
temptuous pity.
released by the Bell Syndicate. Inc.)
Evening star., 1942-06-08

one B. Musso-
lini.
Ye t, honesty
makes me admit
that the report
OF an American
CORE espondent,
r e C e tly re-
turned from in
tern m mt in
r ON e, avak-
ened a spark OF
sympathy in my
c h e st for 3.
Mussolini.
The report {
Evening star., 1942-06-08

Japanese fleet would De. There
was little Japan could do in
India because the monsoons were
about to start. A major attack
on Eastern Australia and the
islands which cover our lines Of
communication to Australian
ports appeared improbable.
The Panama Canal was an in
viting target for the Japanese,
but the distance from Japanese
bases was too great to permit
them to engage in a major opera
tion there. Since the Canal is
adequately defended against a
landing, aerial warfare is about
the best means of attacking that
vital point in our lines of COM
munication.
Evening star., 1942-06-08
Nimitz Was Prepared.

The only means of attacking
the Canal was to use planes.
based on carriers, but the Japa-
nese know that every precaution
has been taken by the United
States to ward off such sur
prise attack.
Admiral Ernest J. King, chief
Of naval operations, and his staff
came to the conclusion that the
Japanese would have to attempt
an assault in the North Pacific
or, if this were too tough a nut
to crack, TO attack the British
bases in the Indian Ocean.
AL doubts were dispersed. how
ever, after Gen. Doolittle re-
ported the massing of the bulk Of
the japanese feet in Eastern
Japan. This information enabled
Admiral Chester w. Nfrnitz,
commander in chief Of the Pa
Evening star., 1942-06-08

gagged with his
former friend,
Philip Murray,
whom he made
head OF the CIO.
Mr.. Murray's
press agents pic
ture him as a
great ! a b o r
statesman"
If he is a
"g r e a t labor
statesman" then
words have lost
their meaning,
and the Uard.
Evening star., 1942-06-08

& dSAllS.
This does not
mean that sur
face ships didn't
play an effective
role. for they
doubtless did, but
1t does mean that
A m erica e has
learned how to
synchronize air
and sea power
and use them
effectively to-
gether. 1t is
Evening star., 1942-06-08

bels, talking, of
all things un-
der the sun,
against tn e
Jews.
S ON e of
Y o u r o ! d
friends ov er
here are try
ing to find a
way to explain
YOU. Bill Shir-
er, for in
stance, S a Y S
YOU are a trail
Evening star., 1942-06-08

THE opinions OF the urters this their o,on not
necessarily The Stars Such opinions presented
Stars effort to 0iue all sides Of questions OF interest to its
readers although such opinions may be contradictory among
themselves and directly opposed to The Stars.
Evening star., 1942-06-08
COMO District Growing

With 4,023 whites and $4,000 ma
tives. Elizabethville in the heart Of
the mining district, claims to now
have the largest white population IN
the Belgian Congo.
Evening star., 1942-06-08
On the Record
BY DOROTHY THOMPSON.

The other day I turned on
the short-wave radio, and there
was your voice, Bob Best; your
voice, in the pay Of Joe Goeb-
Evening star., 1942-06-08
By FRANK r. KENT.

It isn't necessary to hold a brief
for John L. Lewis to hope that he
gets the better of the present acri-
monious warfare in which he is en-
Evening star., 1942-06-08
McLemore-
MussoIini Reported
Cheating at Sports
BY HENRY McLEMORE.

Aside from poisoning wells. can
think Of no more popular way to
gain unpopularity In this country
than by expressing sympathy for
Evening star., 1942-06-08
Air Power
Gives Major
Victory
Planes Tip Bolonce
In Favor Of U. S. at
Coral Sea, Midway
By DAVID LAWRENCE.

Air power won the battle of the
Coral Sea and air power now has
given America major victory in the
battle Of the Midway area in the
Evening star., 1942-07-20

and tennis shoes. missing from 1879
Wisconsin avenue NV. since Tues
day.
Carl NJ. fisher. II, 5 feet z inches,
1872 pounds blue eyes and blond hair
wearing blue shirt. brown trous-
ers, tan shoes and glasses. Missing
from Arlington. Va, since Friday.
Eva Salter, Is. 5 feet 8 inches. 125
pounds. blue eyes and red hair.
wearing yellow linen suit, white
socks and tan sandals. Missing
from 1881 N street NV. since yes
terday.
Marcus McCraven, ls. 5 feet. 100
pounds. Missing from 2l23 l. street
NV. since yesterday.
Lonnie Carter, IA, 4 feet 5 inches.
IS pounds, blue eyes. light hair,
wearing white shirts. cream colored
pants and brown shoes. Missing
from 6ls Sixth street S.W. since
Saturday.
Vivian Raymond. Is, feet 2
inches, lit pounds. hazel eyes, blond
hair, wearing pink skirt and white
blouse. Missing from 927 Sixth
street S.W. since yesterday.
Bertha Smith, 18, colored. 5 feet
I inches. 125 pounds. wearing brown
and white figured dress. brown shoes
and green socks. Missing from 2726
Georgia avenue NV. NV. since
Saturday.
Evening star., 1942-07-20
Missing Persons

Those having information
concerning persons reported
missing should communicate
,Dith the Public Relations Squad
OF the Police Department, Ma
tiondl 1000.
Frank Fowler, Is, 5 feet 7 inches,
155 pounds. blue eyes and brown
hair, wearing glasses, gray gabar-
dine suit and white and brown
oxfords. Missing from 1855 Calvert
street NV since Wednesday.
Mabel Conrad, IS, 5 feet 3 inches.
100 pounds, brown hair. wearing
white dress with dark spots. black
oxfords and white socks Missing
from Arlington, Va. since Friday.
Fred Price. 30. 6 feet. ITO pounds,
wearing sport shirt, Missing from
Bethesda. Md. since Thursday.
Viola Rosebourg. Is, colored. s
feet 8 inches, 1l0 pounds. wearing
white dress. Missing from 1850
Thirteenth street NE. since Satur-
day.
william Dabney, u, 5 feet II
inches, ITO pounds, black eyes and
brown hair, wearing white sweat
shirt, gray trousers and white shoes
Missing from 1883 Connecticut ave-
nue. NV. since Saturday.
Max Krushner,- 10, 4 feet, IS pound,
sandy hair, wearing blue dungarees