davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-11-11
EARNINGS

Bridgeport Bra. Company for the min.
months ended Sept 80, 1912 net profit
excluding unconsoidsted subsidiaries was
81 s56 O0T after provision Of S7,2i6,s00 fol
federal income and excess profits taxes.
Net is equal 10 si.6j share on the
common In like period ~ 1e4i net was
81 .32s s73. when provision for federal taxes
amounted 10 So ST. 900. Net was equal to
81 Al share.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-11-11

SEVENTH EACE--3-yesr. Odds and up.
7 lis miles:
Surgeon Dick fDuhon) 22.20 80 90
Relious murphy $50 no
Tonypendy U.ittreln go
Time I 80 IS ~ 5:i2tz
PittstrRw and Swan also ran.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-11-11

b-Millbrook stable and r Ruchk entry
en- Field and w. II IahoytcauX entry.
FIFTH RACE--sl0 900 added the Vic.
tory Handicap, 3-year-olds and up. ! "a
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1942-08-28
BY SCOTT NEARING

Sensational testimony concerning
the shortage of steel has been given
in Washington during the last few
weeks. From this testimony it ap-
pears that:
l. The dollar-a-year steel executives
who are in charge of the war produc-
ton board steel program have pre-
vented any considerable expansion in
productive capacity. Since 1889 there
has been an increase in capacity of
only 100000 tons. These spokesman
for the steel industry fear that ex-
pansion now will cut their profits aft
er the war
2. Sen. Joseph C. O'Mahoney 3D.,
Wyo.) showed that the same steel in
had successfully resisted all
efforts to develop the sponge iron
process of extracting iron from ore.
The use of this process would break
the monopoly now held by the big
concerns that own the blast furnaces.
3. Steel manufacturers have tucked
away large amount of steel (esti-
mated by the Journal of Commerce at
100000 tons) which they hope to
sell at fancy prices ON the black mar
ket
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1942-08-28
C0-0PS BUILDING
CAPITAL
COMPARATIVELY

In September, 1888, the Farmers
Union Cooperative Credit Association
was organized as a cooperative fl
nance or credit union. 1t had the ap-
proval and endorsement of the direc-
tors of the Exchange. The Exchange
became the first stakeholder.
The association was set up as the
co-operatives could participate in
building capital or finances on a vol
untary basis; not for the purpose of
making money, but for the purpose
of Saving money" and at the same
time have this money available to
lend financial assistance to eo-opera-
tives on a sound business basis In
other words, hte co-operatives set out
to save money in one central res
ervoir so that they could eventually
serve themselves with their own mon
ey loaned back to them on terms and
which they themselves
agreed upon.
Progress Has Been Made
Up " luiS lilue LII temperatures
have participated in some manner in
the building of the capital of the as
ISOLATION. Their total savings OF date
is about $4,000. This is the total
amount which they have set aside in
The association without any adverse
effects on their own local operations.
Most of the co-operatives participant
ng have done so on the basis of hav-
ng specific amounts added to their
invoices covering purchases Of gaso-
inc at 1sc per gallon; kerosene and
ractor fuel at 1/16c per gallon; and
oil at 1c per gallon. These
accumulated amounts are transferred
rom the Exchange to the Association
periodically as the participating coop
CONTINUED on Page Four)
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1942-08-28
STEEL SHORTAGE REVEALS Big
BUSINESS RULE OR RUIN POLICY

Testimony regarding such transac-
tions has been given in Washington
within the fortnight.
A. The dollar-a-year steel men in
Washington have succeeded in divert
ing government orders to the big con-
Germs and in practically closing down
some of the smaller steel plants, thus
cutting production but giving the
larger steel companies a virtual mo-
nopoly.
This fourth point is particularly sig
nificant 1t involves the use of no
new processes and does not envisage
any expansion of production capacity
1t is merely an exercise of monopoly
power.
The senate committee investigating
the defense program heard Pres. John
M. Budke of the Parkersburg Steel &
Iron Co. August z. Budke's mill has
a capacity of $500 tons of steel per
month. In June its output was 40
tons.
Owing to the priorities system the
could sell no steel to private
customers and it could get no govern
ment orders. Budke testified that I'M
less government orders were OBJ
Continued on Page Two)
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1942-08-28
D0LLAR-A-YEAR
men SC0RCHED
BY Clio, AL

WASHINGTON-(FP) = Searching
criticism of dollar-a-year men was on
the record August 81 from both CLIO
and AFL sources. CLIO members of
the WPB labor advisory board de-
manded the discharge of corporation
men in WPB's iron and steel division
and in other branches, held RESPONSE
BILE for shortages in critical war mate
rails.
While AFL members of the WPB
labor advisory committee did not sign
the statement, an AFL spokesman
used such words as criminal" and
Unreasonable sabotage" to describe
the situation which eliminated in the
discharge of Frederick l. Libbey,
WPB engineer who had been investi-
eating causes of the steel shortage.
The CLIO statement, signed by Clin-
ton S. Golden, assistant to the presi-
dent of the United Steelworkers, Pres.
John Green of the Industrial Union
of Marine & Shipbuilding Workers,
and Vice Pres. Walter Reuther of the
United Auto Workers, was indorsed
by CLIO executive officers, meeting in
Washington.
The unionists declared that "every
effort to expand steel production ia
cilities and to plan for maximum util-
cation of present steel production ia
cilities has been blocked by vested in
terests in the steel industry who have
been given aid and comfort by GER
tain dollar-a-year men in important
positions in the iron and steel branch
of the WPB."
The statement recounted that Lib
hey had been instructed to examine
three suggestions by Pres. Philip Muir
ray of the United Steelworkers aimed
to cut out bottlenecks in steel plate,
armor plate and scrap stockpiles.
While preparing his report, Libbey
was fired for telling the truth"
Instead of firing Libbey, the WPB
should be removing the deadwood,
the misfits and those who think in
terms of competitive business habits
Continued on Page Four)
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1942-08-28
USE CARE In
DRIVING and
help WIN WAR

Since Pearl Harbor our minds have
been so preoccupied by our participa-
ton in the war that we have been
prone to overlook some of the less
spectacular dangers that beset us.
Dangers as real and far more destruc-
tive to our lives and our war effort
than the threat of enemy attack
Our casualties of war since Pearl
Harbor as reported by the War and
Navy departments have amounted to
1901 dead, 3,21S wounded and 1924
missing; or total of 44,143 dead
wounded, captured and otherwise
missing. This is the terrible price
that our unpreparedness has caused
us to pay in the first eight months of
war, but in the same length of time
accidents in America have cost the
lives of 10000 persons and 5,5O0OO0
have been injured.
Out of this gigantic toll of careless
ness, 10000 of the dead and 100000
of the injured have been workers;
men whom we look to for the produc-
ton of the materials that we must
have, not only to win, but to prose-
cute the war.
Truly, accidents help the Axis. We
expect losses on the battle fronts;
they. are the necessary sacrifices to
the perpetuation of our freedom, but
casualties on the home front through
accidents are preventable, and what
is more to the point, they hinder the
efforts of our fighting men by sabo-
tagging the production of the weapons
Continued on Page Two)
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1942-08-28
WELL KNOWN
BUTTE man
PASSES
Arvo Fredrickson, Former
Chairman of Communist
Party Dies While In Army
Service; Had Host of
Friends in the State.

BUTTE-Butte people and workers
and farmers throughout Montana and
many friends throughout the United
States were shocked to learn of the
death of Arvo Fredrickson, state
chairman of the Communist party of
Montana on leave of absence while
serving in the United States Army.
He died Friday night at p. M, Aug
81, after being transferred to Camp
Ham Army Hospital in California
from Camp Seibert in Nevada.
Funeral services were held Thurs
day at 2 p. m. in Butte. The trade
unions sent many wreaths to the fu-
neral, included among the wreaths
are those from the negotiating COM
mittee of the A. C. M. workers now
negotiating with the A. C. M, the
Montana State Industrial Union Coun-
Gil, the Butte Miners Union, other
l. U. M. M. S. W. locals, the Commun-
list party, Bill and Marguerite Dunno,
Mac A. Written, the International
Workers Order and others.
He had been in the Camp Seibert
army hospital for a month. In a let
ter to a friend written from there on
August 9Th, he stated that he had
come down with yellow jaundice"
and added that "the Army has had
about 10000 cases so far which the
doctors attribute to affects of the
yellow fever innoculations."
In later letters he wrote that he
was getting on well, but then he had
4 relapse which was followed shortly
by death.
He leaves behind him a son, a
,ather, brother and two sisters and
many other relatives and numerous
friends.
At the time he was drafted last /
March, Arvo Fredrickson worked in
he Butte mines of the Anaconda Cop |
per Mining Company. He was last
at the st. Lawrence mine.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1942-08-28
farm BUREAU
PLAYHOUSE"
SPOILED
Checks From Government
To Small Farmers in South
No Longer Goes Through
Farm Bureau Hands; Car
riers Still Cooperate"

The Workers Defense League re-
vealed today that the Department of
Agriculture has ended it's practice of
permitting AAA representatives to de-
liver government checks to farmers
while accompanied by southern Farm
Bureau representatives who when
cashing the checks deducted dues to
the Farm Bureau, powerful Washing
ton farm lobby.
This practice had brought COM
plant from the STU whose secre-
tary, H. D. Mitchell, charged last May
that through this political racket not
only were thousands of negro farm
ers being defrauded of a portion of
their AAA subsidies, but also present
practical control over farm policy by
a few large plantation owners was in
a fair way to being frightened and
perpetuated
The WDL, which had urged investi-
cation of this practice with a view to
federal prosecution, has just received
a letter from Emery R. Jacobs, assist
ant to Secretary of Agriculture Claude
Wickard pointing out that majority
of the cases cited by the STU did
not come under the jurisdiction of the
of Agriculture, but that
similar cases had been investigated
by the AAA. His letter concluded:
"The system of delivery checks to
producers in connection with the farm
in the southern region has
been changed The checks are now
delivered direct to each cooperating
producer by mail, a procedure which
makes it practically impossible to de-
1uct dues or other items from the
checks"
In a reply to Mr.. Jacobs, Morris
Milgram, national secretary of the
Workers Defense League declared
hat reports had reached him that
checks were often delivered by rural
nail carriers to landlords instead of |
enants, and urged the department to
work with the Southern Tenant Farm
.rs Union, which includes in its mem
Continued on Page Four)
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1942-08-28
LAWYERS GUILD
RAPS UNJUST
TAX BILL

MISUNDERSTANDING OF
sacrifice was thrown out the window
in the house tax bill, Paul J. Kern of
the Natl. Lawyers Guild testified Aug
ust IA before the closing session of
the senate finance committee hear
ings.
The bill as approved by the house
perpetuates tax shelters for the priv
iliged few while placing oppressive
burdens on those with meager in
comes" the spokesman for the Law
yers Guild taxation committee told
senators.
Those earning under $4,000 year
will contribute 1885, 100000 in in
creased income taxes, against $751;
100000 to be paid by those earning
above $4,000, Kern said Married per-
sons with incomes up to $4,000 a year
will pay more while those above
$4,000 will pay less.
The Lawyers Guild pierced the
of special interests seek
ing a sales tax under the guise of
stemming initiation. Price control and
rationing, said Kern, constitute the
democratic method of dealing with
the inflationary gap"
Rejection of President Rooseyelt's
$4,000 top income for any
one during the war will hinder the
war effort by undermining morale"
Kern argued, would breach an inn
portant sector in the battle against
and would violate every prin-
ciple of equality of sacrifice"
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1942-08-28
FIRST BLACK
MARKET" STEEL
SUIT FILED

CLEVELAND (FP) - AS the re-
suit of disclosures made at con.
gressional investigation into the clos
ing fthe Higgins shipyards in New
Orleans, the first civil suit against
an alleged black market steel oper-
ator was filed in U. S. district court
here August IA.
Office of Price Administration at
torneys, who filed the suit against
Willard P. Markle, Houston, Tex,
steel warehouseman, said 'only
scratched the surface" in a nation
wide drive against black market OPP
erations.
Accusing Markle of having sold 80
tons Of steel to Higgins for $50 more
than OPA ceiling prices, the attorneys
obtained a temporary injunction re-
straining the warehouseman from VIC
lating the ceilings. U. S. Judge Rob-
ert N. Wilkin set August "a for
hearing on permanent injunction.
I'VE are" OPA Atty. James Gruner
said, continuing to get at the sources
of all this black market steel. If
criminal prosecutions are warranted
they will be made.
This mans (Markle's) operations
are infinitely greater than those COW
cred in this complaint. We have
just scratched the surface here"
A house committee was told by
Frank Higgins, general manager of
the shipyards, that an abundance of
steel could be obtained at premium
prices on the black market. Con-
struction of the new Higgins yards
had been stopped by the U. S. Mari
time Commission because it said there
was not enough steel. Higgins
charged Bethlehem Steel Corp. with
having influenced the commission de-
,ision.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1942-08-28

tasks in the steel plants, the $4,000
negroes of this industrial area are
not being fully admitted to war activ-
tiles. Shipyards and rubber plants
still have black marks against them.
The SOEG voted to oppose indus
trial discrimination. A committee for
equal opportunity was set up to in
vestigate reports of discrimination
against any minority.
Finds Some Unions Bar Negroes
Certain unions share responsibility
with industry for discrimination
against negro workers the survey in
dicated. Some AFL and CLIO unions
were specifically named.
Five Hollywood guilds and unions
that have negro members were men
toned = the Screen Writers Guild
(Authors League affiliate), Screen
Actors Guild, Screen Cartoonists, Stu
dio Carpenters and Studio Transpor-
tation Drivers (all AFL).
Two others reported no prejudice
but no negro members. The SOEG it.
self is in this category. Two other
Hollywood unions reported no appar-
CONTINUED on Page FOUR
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1942-08-28

exemption from taxes, Bowen
appealed to the senate finance
committee on finance to tell
the people the whole truth, to
help educate the people that
excessive government borrow
ing inevitably brought on in
flation, and to establish a goal
of paying the costs of govern
ment through equitable taxa
ton.
Bowen had an excellent stage on
which to voice his appeal. He re-
called that Assistant Secretary of the
Treasury Herbert CASTOR, had invited
organized consumers to present tax
program, that Secretary of the Treas
ury Henry Morgenthau had warned
the congress "to the extent we enlist
our current income in taxes to cut
down borrowing, we shall be protect
ing the future economic sOundness of
our country and our free institutions"
and that Sen. Arthur Vandenberg, a
member of the committee had stated
the obvious in declaring that congress
should be more concerned about the
forty-two billion dollars the govern
ment proposes to borrow than it
should be about only collecting some
eight billion dollars of additional
taxes.
Specifically, Bowen opposed the
general sales tax as inequitable and
unjust and contended that the indi
vidual graduated income tax was the
sound base upon which tax program
should be built. Until sound coop
erative economy can be built and in
equities in income removed, he urged
the use Of inheritance and gift taxes,
of corporation taxes and of luxury
sales taxes as sources of revenue.
Taxing the poor on the basis of |
their pay checks or on their pur
chases, at the same rate as the rich,
is the heighth of injustice" Bowen
insisted. There can be no form of
taxation more unjust and negotiable
than taxation on necessary consump-
ton. No form of phraseology can
change leopard's spots - no more
can the calling of a sales tax or pay
roll tax by the name of equality of
sacrifice make it any different in it's
CONTINUED on Page FOur)
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1942-08-28
Election Year
Thoughts
(Reprinted from Georgia
Market Report.)

Every election year we print the
rived we herewith hand it to you, ears
and all. While talking to his mule as
they pIoWed along, the farmer said
"WeII, Lightning, you're just mule
and the son of a mule, and Pm a man
and made in the image of God. But
here we work hitched up together
year in and year out-and often
wonder if you work for me or ! work
for you. Maybe it's a partnership.
Anyway, | work as hard as you do,
blowing and cuItivating. We cover
the same distances, but | do it on two
legs and you do it on four, so do
twice as much work per leg as you do.
Soon We'll be putting in our corn crop.
When we harvest the corn, I'll give
one-third to the landlord and one-thrd
to you, and the balance is mine. You
eat all of yours but the cob. ! have
to divide mine with my wife and
seven children and six hogs and 60
hens and two ducks and bantam
rooster and banker. If you and |
both need shoes, you get 'em. Yes,
sir, Lightning, you're getting the best
of me. | ask you now, is it fair for
a mule, the son of jackass, to swim
die a man, the lord of creation, the
most intelligent of all animals? You
only help me pillow and cultivate, and
must cut, shock and husk the corn
while you heehaW at me over the
pasture fence. All year the whole
family has to help, from grandma
down to the baby, to scratch enough
money together to pay the taxes and
the interest on the mortgage on you.
And want do you care about mort
cages? You ornery old critter, even
have to worry about the mortgage on
your tough, ungrateful hide! About
the only time I've got anything on
you is on election day can vote and
you can't. But after election day
realize right away I've been as big a
jackass as ever your papa was. And
! begin to wonder if politics was made
for men or for jackasses-or just to
make jackasses out of me. Honest,
now Lightning, when you know all
these things, how can you keep a
straight face and look so dumb and
?"-Banks County Journal.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1942-08-28
THE
WASHINGTON
SCENE
By HARVEY o'coNNoR

Cold turkey topped the menu in the
talks between Winston Churchill and
Joseph Stain. 1t can be assumed
that the British prime minister did
not risk his neck on the perilous
London Cairo Moscow flight just to
promise the Russians some more help.
If such promises could kill nazis, the
Russians would be marching down
Inter den Linden today.
The very absence of promises in
the reports on the Kremlin confer
ences is the most encouraging sign
that action is the order of the day.
People are sick Of words.
With defeatists sniping at Britain's
second front" in India, with the nazis
throwing everything they've got into
a now-or-never gamble for Soviet oil,
the cause of the United Nations had
reached an all-time low in this crucial
mid-August.
It can be assumed that India was
on the carpet in the Kremlin. Bri-
tain's three most important partners
America, Russia and China-are UNI
animous in believing that India needs
a new deal. India, too, is tired of
promises. 1t wants recognition as an
equal ally in the world fight for free
dom. India stands today as the acid
test of the democratic goals which
have been held up to the peoples of
the world.
Morale on the international front
has been lifted by the Churchill-Stalin
talks and by the United Nations Of
fensive in the Solomons. Morale on
the national front is badly in need
Of just such lift.
Congress and the administration
are responsible. It's not likely that
congress will reform it's ways much
Continued on Page Four)
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1942-08-28

~and as such, undoubtedly enter
on their new duties convinced
that the consuming public is
still an object of exploitation
for all that the traffic will
bear.
Among those recently appointed is
Del B. Cawley of Missoula, formerly
with the Moon Automobile Agency
but lately an insurance agent. An
other from the same city is Wilbur
D. Hurst, said to be part proprietor
of the Missoula Club, tavern or beer
saloon.
Just what special qualifications
either of these men have which make
their services especially advantageous
to the operations of the Office of
Price Administrations protection of
consumer interests is not evident to
the general public. 1t has been sug-
gested that Mr. Shepard of the Mis-
soula Mercantile Company might be
able to enlighten the public concern
ing their outstanding fitness for the
duties of the office to which they
have been appointed. However, the
average consumer might question
even Mr.. Shepard's ability or desire
to worry about the consumers inter-
ests too much. The history of the
Missoula Mercantile Company itself,
is not one of self-sacrificing consid-
Grafton for the consuming public or
generosity to its employees,
and should the appointments have
been made on the recommendation of
its head, the action would smell pecul-
iarly TO a large section of the public.
Certainly, no labor organization nor
the Farmers Union, were asked for
of the naming of these
two men.
Wyman X. Zachary, formerly asso-
ciated with the Yale Oil Company in
Is another recent appointee.
Just how he succeeded in acquiring
special understanding of the need for
OF the consuming public in
his work for that large concern is an
other mystery. Or maybe, he is just
4 good friend of State Administrator
Peterson also from Billings and rec
Jgnized Zachary's need for soft job
At good pay
Harland Wells, another appointee,
must have acquired his special quail
,ications for a position in the Office
ii Price Administration as president
If the Whitefish Chamber of Com
nerce The signal talents which
placed him in the position of presi-
lent of a Chamber of Commerce were
duly recognized by the Mon
anans Incorporated.
Other appointments in this agency
will be discussed in future issues of
The Peoples Voice. 1t is recognized,
hat The Voice itself, is powerless
o change the program of organiza-
ion apparently adopted which from
III appearances indicates control by
BUSINESS organizations We submit
hat it is the duty Of The Voice to
all it to the attention of the Mon
ana public which will act or not as it
ees fit.
The Voice is informed that Al
essential, formerly with the regional
ffice of the National Youth Admins
ration and now carrying the title of
xecutive officer of the regional office
( the Office of Price Administration
as been and is taking most active
art I'm organizing the office i'm Mon
Continued on Page Four