davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Coolidge examiner., 1942-03-20
CHILDREN AND THE WAR
This is special article t0ritten by Janet Cupter
substituting for Mrs. EdtOdrds this WeekJ

asked his teacher if she thought 1t
would protect him from the bombs.
Sensing his difficulty, she replied.
well, 1: might. But, Of course,
you might have to stoop little"
He was delighted with the idea.
Give children definite tasks. and
you will see many Of their fears
vanish. Air raid drills. household
tasks and club activities all help.
One mother Of three has worked
out a plan for her family. Tho
younger boy collects paper and tin
for defense. The little girl. who 10
ten. bakes cookies for the soldiers
and helps her mother with the
housework. The older son. who had
lost interest In bis Boy Scout activi-
ties, has again become enthusiastic.
Shall we prepare our children for
victory? For defeati The other day,
after hearing his parents discuss
some allied reverses, . little boy
asked his father what would be-
come Of all the defense stamps II
we lost the war. His father wisely
replied that the more defense
stamps he bought now the better
our chances of winning It.
To prepare our children for uto-
plan victory is merely to prepare
them for the tragedy Of another
Versailles. Is it not far better to
teach them to believe that by sacri-
fee and hard work we may come Q
little way along the road toward
the better world which their chill
dren, too. must help to build2
The Coolidge examiner., 1942-03-20

When the present war is over
there is going to be another one
right away quick 1t is going to
start in the Deep South" and
spread rapidly through the old Con-
federate states and on into the Mid
die and Far Western states. The
enemy will be the broadcasting
companies of those districts, and
their allies the advertisers, who are
Jointly responsible to the suffering
populace for that babble of mean
ingless noises which is supposed to
represent music and other inter-
esting subjects.
When the war begins, the big
companies like Columbia and NBC
will doubtless declare for neutrali-
ty, claiming-not without Justice
that they did their best to inject a
few ineligible sounds through their
hookups. They will claim that when
their programs had reached as low
q musical and intellectual level as
tsey dared let them descend to
hey were informed by the mental
TiaEig who operate many OF the
small stations, that their folks
didn't want to listen to none Of that
highbrow stuff"
Now anyone Of these Giants will
tell you that he has his finger on
the pulse of the people; that he
understands them and knows what
they want" He will thereupon OK.
a program, sponsored by the Gum
less Teeth Tooth Paste company
and gargled by a couple of an
tiques who thump on banjo anc
are supposed to charm the radio
audience back into the gun-totin
days of One Lung Annie and Jesse
James. Just before you get sick tC
the stomach, some soap manufac
turer cuts in with promise tC
drive 30. away if you will use
the glycerine product of his factory
On some overlooked spot on the
dial you might possibly pick up {
few words of Winston Churchill!
speech on the state of the war. be-
The Coolidge examiner., 1942-03-20

How can we teach children toll
erance? How can we help them not
to be afraid? Shall we prepare them
for victoryf For defestf These
questions are asked with great con-
cern by parents and teachers mind
full of the fact that upon the children
growing up now will probably fall
much of the burden Of the postwar
period.
A psychiatrist, who is also a
mother, recently expressed the
opinion that 1t Is not really very
important to teach children not to
hate. Any hatred they may show
In a war situation Is usually the
outward expression Of feelings that
have nothing to do with the war.
When they do say, II hate him.
He's German" they are more often
than not echoing the sentiments
their parents have expressed. II
they do sense that there Is some
thing about being German that Is
not desirable, they "hate" Ger
man because he represents that
something and not because they
hute him individually.
Children are afraid Of the TN
expected, the unknown, the unex-
planned. The little boy who says he
is afraid Of 'the dark" is actually
afraid Of what he does not know
about 1t. A first grader who was
wavering between fear Of, and a
natural curiosity about. air raids
was given a tin helmet to play
with. He took 1t to school and
The Coolidge examiner., 1942-03-20
AND THE BUCK PASSED

Now that the federal government has appropriated
waters Francisco river and Eagle creek for
time production of copper in the Clifton Morenci
considerable howl being heard from Stafford and
full tales of damages varying from S5 to S25 per
goom would not describe the feeling throughout
the country" and some citizens expressed their resent
against leaders of former years for better pro-
tecting their water rights" rend the air
If any group of farmers sold down the
river by leaders is the group farming along the Ga
river in Graham county All they had to do to
mand an annual INCREASE in the annual water supply
for irrigation aid in obtaining construction the
Buttes dam Yes they didn't need to do that All
that necessary that they not OBJECT. But no,
The Coolidge examiner., 1942-03-20

Gila Valley leaders thought they could op
portuny to win considerably water than the Is
70 thousand feet of they stood to gain
they tossed possible obstacle in the path of the
posed Buttes dam. In doing they have
not only successfully blocked construction the Buttes
out stand to lose much needed water the event of
low How IN the Gila during the life of the depart
ment order exproprating of the Ga tributaries.
And somebody up Stafford way wants to pass the
buck to leaders of former years.
The Coolidge examiner., 1942-03-20

Continued reference Is made in
the pro-Osborn press to reported
activities of "anti-Osbornites"-
designation apparently intended to
be term carrying a trace OF
opprobrium. In so doing the pro-
Osborn journals overlook the fact
Mr.. Osborn at the peak of his
popularity on Primary Day. 1910.
was a minority selectee of the
Democratic party that on that day
the so called "anti-Osbornites"
divided more votes among Mr.. Os-
born's rivals than he received to
give him the nomination.
Even Mr.. Osborns lieutenants
admit privately that what the in
cumbent governor did to the pros
pectors and small. mine operators.
cattlemen. city and county groups
sincerely interested in civilian de-
fense and other groups has swell
ed the list of "anti-Osbornites" to
alarming proportions in the last IA
months. Most observers today
agree the "anti-Osbornites" consti-
tute a sizable majority of Arizona $
voters. which is the reason the ad-
ministration is zealously hopeful OF
seeing several candidates in the
race for governor.
Influential Democrats are trying
To limit the number of opposing
candidates so the great bloc OF
anti -Osbornites" can center on
one man to accomplish the will OF
a majority of Arizonans-beat Os-
born.
Capitol corridors buzzed with
speculation early in the week
when word went out that GOV.
Osborn was in a huddle with Louis
s. Gates of New York, president,
and P. G. Beckett, Douglas. vice
president. of the Phelps Dodge
Corporation.
Veteran capabilities, however,
wern't surprised over the cloister-
ed conference. They winked Know
inglv and remarked that the gov
ernor and his persistent puDllclsts
have capitalized sufficiently for
"public purposes" on Mr.. Osborn s
widelv-heralded "uncompromslng
opposition to corporate interests
and that now, with another cam
paign in the offing, the governor
regards as smart maneuver a
peace pact with powerful P. ID.
Veteran politicos also weren't
surprised to hear that Messrs.
Gates and Beckett were calling at
the gubernatorial offices in re-
sponse to a written invitation.
The governor, according to vet
aran observers, has chosen perl
lous political path. Even his most
ardent admirers are skeptical OF
his ability to convince the dear
peepul" he is their political Moses
while he genuflects at the shrine
of the Phelps Dodge Corporation
II long has been a truism a man
can't serve two masters.
The Coolidge examiner., 1942-03-20

Democratic party leaders are
nrovoked over the failure OF
several of the highest-paid Job-
holders in Arizona to ante up for
the party's needs.
The Coolidge examiner., 1942-03-20

-oN PAY DAY, BUY BONDS
Too little; too late; too badl
There still is time to buy U. S
Defense Bonds and Stamps.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-03-29
Officials Cry 'Hysteria'
at Auto Suggestion

THE other officials told him he was
sHYSTERICAL' and went back
to making nice computations about how
the inventories could be most efficiently
used, how the new cars could best be
spread around, and so forth"
Mr.. Coy does not contend that the
decision made on automobile production
was Incorrect
1t may we'll be-" he acknowledges.
that the quickest way of getting the
factories ready for war work was to
clear out their inventories by making
new cars. The decision was finally APP
proved by officials who are most alert
to our pressing needs.
But it is frightening that so soon
after Pearl Harbor several officials
thought person HYSTERICAL who
was only reckoning with reality, who
was merely discussing life and death
situation in the language of life and
death
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-03-29
Expansion Necessary,
Congressman hterUenes

Another example of obstruction, in
the particularly and peculiarly political
pattern of bureaucracy, is given by Mr..
Coy in the following:
1.-THE outbreak of the war made
plain the need for expanding the
production of certain product, and
officials in Washington began the
necessary arrangements
"A member of Congress who is
generally most competent person in.
tervened. He had long been opposed to
the large producer, for he thought it had
a monopoly position harmful to the
future of his community. He contended
that this concern should be permitted
to expand only after the ability of the
smaller producers to expand had been
exhausted.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-03-29
War Fails to Change
Habits of Administration

The foregoing are instances of
''foolishly wrong" things being done by
American bureaucratic agencies, after
the pattern Of France, but at a time
when the United States was still at
peace.
1t is not to be imagined, however,
that bureaucratic habit became any
different after DIR peace was abruptly
ended. In fact, as Mr.. Coy goes on to
say:
Three weeks after Pearl Harbor,
when our soldiers and our Allies
soldiers were critically in need of arms,
conferences were taking place about
stopping the production of automobiles
Eventually it was decided that
thirty or forty days should be devoted
to making 100000 new cars before the
factories were prepared for war work.
During the conferences one official pro-
tested against any further production of
automobiles and was told that otherwise
more than S10O0OO,OOO in inventories
would not be used
"'We ought to give up ten times
that much if it will save the lives of any
of our soldiers, he replied.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-03-29

which of necessity were in large measll
ure repetitious of what had been done;
they managed to create an obstruction
for several days and to bring to despair
the other persons involved"
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-03-29

War Conversion in Washington
THE Hearst newspapers are printing adjoining columns
this page essential excerpts from an article IN the April
issue of The Atlantic Monthly which discusses the great
responsibilities and the disturbing deficiencies of government
IN the present wal .. .4 H.. 80
authoritative and almost excessively sympathetic analysis OF
government Nh Wayne Coy who has held key positions in
the New Deal administration for many years.
Mr. Coy writes from the standpoint who believes
the administration and admes it and most earnestly and
anxousy ii to to the monumental tasks the
war presents.
He does NOT believe it has done So
He says in fact through the medium of quotation from
friend that if the American government continues on Its
present course:
at will probably be the best government that
LOST war"
The American people have had msgiyings about
the adequacy and efficiency of their government in purely
domestic matters since long before the wal
With itself suddenly pecpated last December they
have been distressed by growing evidence of the same made
quacy nefficiency in the infinitely matter of
fct upon which the survival of our republic depends
COMETHING of what has been in the public mind was
expressed recently by Mr. Donald Nelson production
"The war cannot be won in Washington, but it can be
LOST there"
Mr. Coy discusses the for this challenging situation
He that almost everything in America has been con
verified to program of total war EXCEPT GOVERNMENT
Tremendous and amazing results have been accomplished
industrial and economic conversion to war; he points out
with the stimulating and pTaisaworty consequence that
Our factories plants, trains and workers are
intimately involved in the Struggle
Coy parallel conversion of government to with recog
milton of the fact that:
Time consuming procedures in the government
departments with those matters be great
interference winning the similar procedures
would be in the armed services"
The people acuey conscious of the fact that SOME
THING wrong with the war program.
It has remained for keen and honest observer like Mr.
Coy with experience and understanding of the vast nrca
of government tell them what that something Is and
he does the people service in his fortnight presena
ton of the facts.
defines American today with the most
gigantic unwieldy and Intellectual BUREAUCRACY it was in
peacetime
THE American public well aware of what bureaucracy
in time of peace
was great of agencies and departments in
which veable armies of ambitious privileged and powerful
ofice-holders established themselves proftably.
purpoSely eXtravagant and callouSy WaSteful
1t rife with jeaousies, and the conflicting ambitions
of the inner circle favorites, of whom had visionary
of social and economic changes America to which
the current phase of considered merely
venient and eXpedent stepping stone.
The governmental bureaucracy have today is STILL all
those things.
1t has not changed over to vital needs have
industry, and most of labor and all Of the people,
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-03-29
Arnold FaUOrs Action
in Speech at Havana

1T was equally clear that the Axis
nations were not abiding by the treaty
and that we were entitled to declare the
treaty suspended Secretary of State
Hull had already declared to the Con-
gress that the only international law in
an Axis threatened world was the law
of self defense, and Mr.. Jackson, while
he was attorney general, had joined in
those sentiments in an address at
Havana.
But for weeks no action was taken
while various officials argued about the
legal form in which the suspension of
the treaty should be phrased. THIS
DELAY HAD THE SAME EFFECT
AS IF EIGHT OF OUR TANKERS
HAD BEEN PUT OUT OF ACTION
BY SUBMARINES DURING THIS
PERIOD"
Officials Complain Bitterly
About Authority MUasiOn'
IN CONNECTION with the same
critical matter Mr.. Coy recalls that
when recommendations for several
steps to eliminate non-esscntial uses
were prepared for presentation to the
officials who could order the necessary
action:
Unfortunately the person who
had started the matter had FORGOT
TEN TO INFORM OFFICIALS of
another branch in his department who
also had an interest in the matter -.
One would have expected the Of
ficials who had been overlooked to
examine the recommendations on which
much time has been spent, to add any
additional thoughts of their own, and
then to co Operate in the common effort
of having proper action taken.
Instead they COMPLAINED
THAT THEIR JURISDICTION HAD
BEEN MEANLY AND UNPARDON-
ABLY INVADED; they set about pre-
pairing their own recommendations,
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-03-29
EUents in France Cited
as Classic Examples

MR. COY recalls that events in
lV1 France prior to the collapse and
conquest of that unhappy nation have
been cited as classic examples of gov
crnmental failure.
But "almOSt any one familiar with
our defense and war efforts can give
examples Of incidents almost as
FOOLISIiLY WRONG as the things
that were done in France" he asserts
He does not attribute such Incl
dents to lack of loyalty, but neverthc-
less cites significantly "actual cases
which would not have been permitted to
take place by men aware that they are
dealing with life and death"
The summation of these "actual
cases is impressive and shocking.
Last summer" the author recitcs
from the records. 1--WE were shipping
steel under lend lease to the British
isles and some of it was reshipped from
there to the arsenals of South Africa,
India, Malaga and other parts of the
British empire.
American and British officials in
London quickly urged by cable that this
policy of running steel TWICE
THROUGH HITLER's U.BOATs be
stopped, and that direct shipments be
made from the United States.
In Washington staff member of
the agency concerned proposed an
answer which would have REJECTED
the suggestion.
He contended that there would
be too great difficulties in paper work
involved if requests of different parts
of the empire were handled separately.
He had got so buried in the form
sheets he worked with all day that
THEY APPEARED TO HIM MORE
FORMIDABLE THAN NAZI SUB
MARINES ~
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-03-29
Work Takes Up Time
and SlOUed Production

CIT WAS obvious to every one else
l that the war cannot be won by
using only large producers or only small
producers, and that all POSSIBLE ex-
pansion by everyone was required.
AS result the officials in charge
framed the program to fit the members
contention in order to avoid the further
delay of an open fight. This unnecessary
work, however, took up considerable
time and THE NEEDED PRODUC-
TON WILL COME WEEKS LATER
THAN 1T SHOULD HAVE.
There was nothing willful in the
obstruction of the member of Congress
only failure to realize the extremity
of our position. had he faced the cues
ton whether to encourage the expan-
sion of the large producer or surrender
Continued on Page Fourtecn)
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-03-29


In midsummer" he SAYS, 1--WE had
only one factory producing an essential
part of defensive weapon which was
vitality needed on merchant ships.
"Other sources of production were
in the offing, but existing weapons were
precious
1T developed that this factory had
somehow badly underestimate it's costs
and that it would lack money to keep up
production unless the contract was
altered
Officials Delayed While
Americans We're Dying
Men were dying on unprotected
ships Clearly the weapons were badly
enough needed to warrant any cost.
"But the officials of the agency
which was buying them DELAYED
MATTERS FOR A WEEK WHILE
THEY SUGGESTED THAT THE
FACTORY BE PUT In BANK.
RUPTCY.
Such proceeding would GER
tainly have interrupted production and
even might have stopped it altogether.
It was as though the officials were bar
gaining for soap in peacetime, in
buyers market"
Fuel Supplies Menaced
bY Submarine Attacks
ENEN more Of revelation TO the
l. American public, in view of the cur
rent submarine warfare against Ameri-
can tankers in the Atlantic, is the
following episode.
Attacks on our tankers in the
Atlantic were menacing the fuel sup
plies needed by arsenals here and in
Britain. Yet none of our tankers were
being fully used.
"A treaty of 1881 with some thirty
nations Including Germany, Italy and
Japan) had set load lines short of full
capacity, beyond which tankers were
not to be loaded. The load lines had been
established as safety measure and also
to limit competition at time when we
seemed to have too many tankers.
"By 1941 it was clear that nothing
was as unsafe as being without fuel and
that we were not in danger from excess
competition.
Arnold FaUOrs action
in Speech at Havana
ut was equally clear that the Axis
nations were not abiding by the treaty
and that we were entitled to declare the
treaty suspended. Secretary of State
Hull had already declared to the Con-
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-03-29
Government as W-Adapted
to War as We're Plants

With reference to the outbreak of
the Pacific war last December, he
writes:
"We began with government al
most as ill adapted to modern warfare
as our civilian plants were ill-adapted
to making tanks and guns and planes.
"We needed, and WE STILL
NEED, what has been termed the con
version of government.
Already peacetime procedures
have been overhauled, greater authority
has been delegated to subordinates,
organizations have been rearranged and
streamlined, better sense of urgency
has developed.
"But much remains to be accom-
plished IF GOVERNMENT IS TO
ACHIEVE VICTORY -.
Overall improvement is needed or
we shall have the most energetic in
dustry, the most cooperative trade
unions, the most alert press, the best
bankers and lawyers and doctors and
public generally THAT EVER LOST
A WAR;
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-03-29
Plant Lacks Money
for Vital Production

Mr.. COY then proceeds to analysis
wi of situation in which obstruction
of our own vital American defenses re-
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-03-29

MIR. WAYNE COY, liaisomofficcr for
lVl the President office of cmer-
gency management. who is described
by the editors of The Atlantic Monthly
as lone Of the key figures on our war
effort, reports candidly III the April
issue of that magazine on matter Of
grave concern 10 the American people.
Under the title '"Tcamwork in
Washington: Conversion to War Mr..
Coy establishes and full V documents
the appalling failure Of government to
change from the casy-going ways of
peace to the grim efficiency which war
demands
AFTER more than century of
asking government to be deliberative
and cautious and painstaking, to be
everything but speedy" he admits, 1--WE
have suddenly required government to
meet the quick changing demands of
modern warfare"
But he looks in vain for evidence
that government has MET this require
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-03-29

It was purposey eXtravagant and calousy wasteful.
1t was rife with jeaousies and the conflicting ambitions
of the elmer circle favortes of whom had visionary
designs of social and economic changes America to which
the current phase of government considered merely
venent and expedent stepping stone
The governmental bureaucracy have today is STILL all
those things
1t has changed over to vital needs, as have
industry and most of labor and all Of the people,
1t has curtaed its eXtravagances suspended
reduced its expenditures for political projects essential
to the
This great working force Of government" writes Mr.
Coy must be lifted out of the wOrkaday habits of peace
time bureaucracy
They must find will for action that is atuned to
needs
"Men who aware that life depends their actions
simply continue the interminable conferences the
buc-passing. the urisdcOna disputes the reliance on
peacetime formaies that nauseangly Overabun
dant.
Seemingly only perceive such obvious things
under great The officers of government
somehow learn that in very real they are standing
precarious the cliffs while the enemy is pouring up the
beaches"
The conversion of America should be made COM
pee should be made NOW and should include those elements
of government which, however reluctant are essential to
successful conclusion of the war
Evening star., 1942-03-20

American people,.
h we have achieved
rved for the greater
tho f~,,;te of 1eoco