davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-10-08
By SAMUEL GRAFTON.

You can't get away from it, you
have to save the world at retail.
Wholesale doesn't do it. The four
freedoms promise to free men
wholesale, but when Hitler selects
French slaves for his factories, he
knows each individual mans name,
age, address and makes sure he gets
the notice.
You cannot distribute slavery
through radio speech. You have
to follow up each case. Why we
should suppose freedom is any easier
to pass out is hard to understand.
When we begin to creep up on
slaves as gloatingly as Hitler does
on free men, and clasp them, one
by one, in our glad embrace, shout
ing, Tag! You're free!" we shall
be well on our way. ..,...
You have to grab slaves where you
can, of course. When Hitler found
trade dull, and could do no better,
he even enslaved little Luxembourg;
it wasn't much, but it increased his
volume and kept the overhead down.
So we, too, cannot be choosy. If
the best locality for freeing men we
can find is, say, Martinique, of the
West Indies, now run by the Vichy
French, then the morning sun
should find us lettering near Mar
Unique, whistling disingenuously,
looking as If butter wouldn't melt
in our mouths, and pretending to be
waiting for ferry boat.
The temptation to jump in and
free the Martiniquers ought to be
too powerful for us; we should be
unable to keep our hands of them
our palms should itch, as Hitler's
would in contrary circumstances.
Does any one suppose Hitler would
pass up Martinique, If it were free,
and he sould reach it? It Is not
free, and we can reach 1t.
individual Terror In Europe.
We issue blanket pronouncements
proclaiming our aim for a free
world. But we don't, and my voice
Is rising, free it. All we need do is
do it. If you do 1t, you don't have
to talk about 1t.
When the ugly rumor that there is
a man in Fort de France or Ala
bama or Calcutta who Is being de-
prived of some of his liberties makes
us swear and reach for the tele-
phone, inducing in us the same
symptoms that free speech in Ber-
lin induces in Nazi, then we shall
be out of the wholesale branch of
the freedom business, and in the
retail branch, where trading posi-
biities are almost unlimited.
The Nazis, who hate the individ-
ual, always make sure to look him
up. They knock on mis- door. They
want TO know what he is doing.
They distribute their burdens by
means OF careful canvass, and
make sure each man gets one.
It is hard for us Americans to
understand the individual terror
created In Europe and the world by
this retail marketing OF Fascism;
Evening star., 1942-10-08

has not been as close a co-ordina-
tion of production with strategic
needs, though there has been on the
part of the armed services a very
carefully worked out plan for as
signment of munitions and equip
ment when once manufactured.
1t can be stated unequivocally that
President Roosevelt has given to the
members of the United States chief
of staff his fullest support and that
he has really followed meticulously
the policy of non-interference in
military matters.
The significance of this analysis is
Evening star., 1942-10-08

that, II the high command Of the
United States decides upon secrecy
with respect to past engagements or
future plans or operations, the pub
lie may rest assured that the rea-
sons motivating such 4 decision bear
relation only to necessary deception
with respect to the enemy and the
safeguarding of troops or materials
in transit. The American people
can have the utmost confidence In
the high command which has
emerged as the management stan
of military and naval operations.
tReproduction Rights Reseryedl
Evening star., 1942-10-08
Silver Spring Guard Unit
Wins Rifle Competition

The 7th Battalion of the Mary
land State Guard, with headquarters
at Silver Spring, won first place in
the recent rifle competition at Camp
Herbert r. O'Conor, Cascade, Md,
in which II State Guard battahons
participated.
Pvt. Perre Bowen Of Company G
was high man in the battalion. He
Evening star., 1942-10-08
Travelling u. S. Aide
Buys 240 Bonds
In ~ States

Wiley A. Propst of Washing
ton. who is connected with the
Electric Home and Farm Au-
thority, doesn't let travelling in
terfere with buying bonds-he's
bought 240 Government bonds
IN "a States since April, 1899.
Mr.. Propst, who lives in the
Chalfonte Apartment, 1901 Ar
gonne place NV. bought a
bond at the Athens (Ala.) post
Office in April, 1889. and just the
other day bought his 240th bond
there. His contributions to the
Government now total more
than 5000.
Evening star., 1942-10-08
The Political Mill
Minnesoto's Democrats Look for Party
Resureence in Furmer-Lubor Breakup
By GOULD LINCOLN.

BY GOULD LINCOLN.
EN- ROUTE THROUGH MID
DIE WEST, Oct. S.-Twenty
years ago the Farmer-Labor party
in Minnesota elected Senator
Shipstead. From that time until
Gov. Stassen, a Republican,
was elected chief executive Of
the State in 1888, the Farm
er-Labor party was riding high.
It elected other Senators and
many Representatives. It put the
late Floyd Olson in as Governor
and kept him there until he died.
He was succeeded by Elmer A.
Benson.
Today, the party has prac-
tically nothing left in the way
Of political offices. Hjalmar Pet
ersen, the party's present candi-
date for Governor, is concluding
a six-year term as railroad and
warehouse commissioner. Rep
resentative, Buckler is the sole
Farmef-Labor member of the
House. Senator Shipstead, when
he ran for reelection two years
ago, announced himself a Re-
publican and won by a big vote.
The Farmer-Labor party has
been badly split into two wings,
the right and left, so-called.
There is good deal of specu-
lation as to the probable future
of the Farmer-Labor party, par
ticularly If it does not win q
major victory in the November
elections. It had its start in
Minnesota through the old Nom
partisan League. In reality, it
represented a breach in the Re-
publican party. But it gathered
into its ranks thousands of voters
who otherwise would have fol-
lowed the Democratic party.
Should 1t disintergrate now,
undoubtedly many of it's mem
bers would again line up with
the Republicans, as Senator Ship
stead has done, and a good pro-
portion would go Democratic.
That is what the Democrats in
Minnesota are hoping.
Democrats Want Revival.
The old line Democrats in the
State have been most unhappy.
On several occasions in recent
years New Dealers in Washing
ton insisted on Minnesota Demo-
Gratis throwing in with the Farm
er-Laborites-even to the extent
OF withdrawing candidates for
important offlce-to assure de-
feat of the Republicans.
The States Democrats have
believed this a great mistake,
and now they are sure of it. They
believe that the Democratic party
should again be a major party in
Minnesota and that it can be so,
If the progressive voters turn to
1t, leaving the Farmer-Labor
party.
Democratic leaders in Mime
sofa point to the fact that their
party has suffered seriously in
the two States of the Middle
west where third party has
come into the picture-Minne-
sofa and Wisconsin. They point
out that in both States the Re-
publicans have gained the upper
hand.
In Wisconsin the third party
Progressive-has one Senator,
Senator La Toilette. and three
members of the House. The Re-
publicans not only control the
State government but have a
Senator and six of the House
delegation, while the Democrats
have single and lonely member
of the House.
Fare Better Elsewhere.
In Wisconsin, as in Minneso-
ia, the third party grew out Of
a split in the Republican ranks,
primarily. In other Midwest
States the Democratic party, they
point out, has Jared better.
In North Dakota, the Demo-
Gratis have a Governor; in South
Evening star., 1942-10-08

will receive a medal for his achieve
rinent. Pvt. Bowen is an attorney
and lives at 1884 Noyes drive, Silver
Spring. He joined the State Guard
in July, 1941. ...
High scorer for the entire brigade
was Pvt. j. Rund, Company. I, Sd
Battalion.
1t. Col. E. Brooke Lee of Silver
Spring Is commander of the 7th
Battalion. Col. Lee is the Demo-
cratic candidate for Congress from
the 9Th Maryland congressional
district.
Evening star., 1942-10-08

uo oAAS VIZ VAAScO
moves are nee
essarily cloaked
3'in the utmost
secrecy are oper-
"a ating solely with
the idea Of win
ming the war,
irrespective Of
any other con-
sideration.
.r. l. ub Y U I / G
.sp o n q ent has
been making a
, S t udy Of t h e
manner In which
Evening star., 1942-10-08
BY CONSTANTINE BROWN.

Relations between the United
States and Britaij zone
hand and Soviet the
other have enterj de-
scribed in diploS ge
as delicate phs
Premier JOSEF n
patient with his aTnes dixie
Americans and Britons who take
heart when damage is inflicted
on Nazi industrial centers by
American British aviation, the
Russian leader feels that these
attacks are of little consequence.
According to visitors who have
seen Stain in the Kremlin, he
wants the American and British
Evening star., 1942-10-08

pie who always
take the best
piece Of white
meat when the
c h l c ke n Is
passed, will not
be with US much
longer.
We refer to
the fire s hair
hend. The COM
bination of Jack
Frost and Ma
tional Fuel Con-
serva ton will
Evening star., 1942-10-08

OaKOCA, y senator, ana IN iowa,
two Senators and 4 coupe Of
representatives. So the Demo-
Gratis are serious in opposition to
these third parties. They be-
lieve that the Democratic party
is properly the place for Pro-
gressives and Independents.
Gov. Stassen of Minnesota had
q problem on his hands when he
announced that he would run
for Governor again this year, but
would leave that office to 60 into
the Navy next April. This prob
lem was the selection and elec-
ton of a strong candidate for
lieutenant governor, who would
I'LL his place as chief executive
when he went away. His own
choice for the place was Edward
Thye, who has been commission
er Of dairy and food products in
his administrations.
Mr.. Thye was nominated in 4
field Of eight, defeating the pres
ent lieutenant governor. G. Ell
mer Anderson. by $4,000 votes.
The Governor feels that the peo-
pie of the State viii be entirely
willing to trust their government
to Mr.. Thye.
8 It has been a kind of tradition
that governors Of Minnesota
should have no more than three
terms-and Gov. Stassen is try
ing now for election for the third
time. What his political future
holds it is not possible to pre-
dict with certainty. Much will
depend on the length of the war.
The Governor is only IS years
old. He has already been spoken
of as possible presidential timber
In the future.
He will enter the Navy with a
commission as lieutenant COM
mander. He had four years mill
tary training at the University
of Minnesota, and last summer
he spent five weeks in training
for the Navy at the Great Lakes
Naval Training Station. He is
seeking line duty, but of course
will be subject to any duty that
may be assigned to him.
Two Recant Isolationism.
Both Hjalmar Petersen and Ell
aner Benson, the Farmer-Labor
candidates for Governor and Sem
ator have recanted their former
isolationist stand-before Pearl
Harbor. Mr.. Petersen was
speaker for the America First
Committee at one time. Their
opponents in the coming election,
Gov. Stassen and Senator Ball,
were early departures from iso-
lationism.
The Farmer-Laborites hope
that the isolationist sentiment,
which was strong in Minnesota
so far as 1t still persists, will turn
to them rather than to the Re-
publican candidates.!
In Iowa, the Republicans are
particularly pleased with their
candidate for Governor, Bourke
B. Hickenlooper, present neuten-
ant governor. He is a compare
lively young man, 4 veteran of
the last war, good .campaigner.
In the primary he won the guber-
material nomination by big
margin, getting more than 80 per
cent of the vote cast.
, Political campaigning In war
times is different. There are no
more tin buttons. bearing party
labels and the faces of candi-
dates.
Headquarters of the various par
ties and candidates used to be
flooded with these buttons, ready
to hand out to all their follow
ers. Wartime needs for tin has
put an end to this practice. Also,
the candidates have to be on
their toes to arrange for radio
time. The air is filled with war;
time news, comment and drives
for bond sales and scrap ma
terial. a.
Evening star., 1942-10-08

war operations are being carried on
that is. with respect to function
and distribution of responsibility
= and believes that the plan now in
operation Is in every way entitled
to the complete support of the
public. &c.,.
The war Is being managed by the
men who know war best, the men
who have spent a lifetime in the
armed services and have come to
their places in the high command
through sheer merit and outstand-
Ing performance.
p. Broadly speaking, the strategy Of
the war Is being developed by Pres
ident Roosevelt and Prime Min
lister Churchill, but once the out
, lines Of strategy are decided on,
, there are three men comprising the
United States chiefs of staff who
carry out those operations from day
to day on behalf of the United
States.
These three men are Admiral
Leahy, chief of staff to the Presi-
dent; Admiral King. commander
in-chief of the United States Fleet,
and Gen. Marshall, chief of staff of
: the United States Army.
! Execute War Policies.
These three men, acting in unison,
execute the policies of war but in
the formulation Of decisions their
advice Is sought and given. Thus,
while the final decision on a broad
question of global strategy may
rest with the President, the follow
"a up and carrying out of such policy
rests entirely with the three men
who serve as the United States
chiefs of staff.
Thus Is the constitutional function
Of commander in chief OF the United
States Army and Navy fully exer-
cised by the President, but at the
same time the chiefs of the armed
services submit recommendation
which in nearly every instance where
there Is no matter OF international
policy or diplomacy involved, actu-
ally become the decisions OF the
United States Government. d..
Where the operations concern the
United States alone, as in the Pacific
or in the Western Atlantic, the steps
are taken sometimes without consul
tation with any other government.
With the British in the Near East
ern or European areas, the forces OF
the United States take their orders
from the British high command
who run the war on those fronts.
There is in Washington what is
known as the combined chiefs of
staff. This group is composed only
of the top British and American
ofncials representing the armed serv-
Ices and is not an over ALL strategy
staff for the United Nations. The
United Nations have representatives
of diplomatic status who attend
council meetings with the President
but do not deal with military or
naval operations.
j, Coordinate Mixed Operations.
ia The purpose of the combined
chiefs Of STAFF meetings is to CO.
ordinate what are known as mixed
operations, in which both countries
may be involved and to make sure
that lease-lend materials go to the
places demanded by global strategy.
While the British representatives
consult their government in London,
the decisions are consummated in
washington by the combined chiefs
Of staff.
In the past. due to the difficulties
Of setting up the production side of
the war effort in the WPB, there
Evening star., 1942-10-08

THE opinions OF the cers on this their
necessarily The Stars Such opinions presented IN The
Stars EFFORT to 1ue all sides OF questions OF interest
readers although such opinions may contradictory among
themselves and directly opposed to The Stars.
Evening star., 1942-10-08
Effectiveness
Is Found in
War Setup.
Experts Manage
American Effort,
). Observer Says
By DAVID LAWRENfs,r'

: Perhaps the most important thing
for Government to acquire and re-
tain in wartime is the confidence Of
the people-confidence that the men
Evening star., 1942-10-08
McLennore-
Fresh-Air Fiends
To Get the Cote
~ HENRY McLEMORE.

1t Is pleasure to report that ono
OF mankind's biggest pests, one that
ranks right along with the boll-
weevil, the common cold and peo-
The Waterbury Democrat., 1942-11-17

He made no answer, She fused with her hasssSS. and kept talking so as not to give him time,
 Martin. the soldiers said they were locking for guns, and if they found any. they were going to ar rest hostages all ever the eil- lage, Something terrible must have happened v she bit her lip. but he reminded unmoved ." to make them suspect us, she added ia q small voice. "Oh. Martin. '' she went on T was so frightened. At least, if Karen were here. it would not be 30 lonely when you 90 away nights"
 Karen will be home on Tues day"
 Quickly she came forward. ~Resllys Did yoQ speak 10 oSter- holme"
 "YeS, He says the weeks up at the Saeter have done the girls good. But now that the season IS 90 advanced. he is sending man up 10 close the house and drive the cattle home"
 "Tlesdayg"
 However he said. and touched the tips of his fingers together again, you arc well aware that that was rot why sent fer you Have you the letter with you?"
 She reached into the bosom of her dress and drew it out. but with such a look of entreaty on her face that he assumed 6 kinder tone. "Sit down my dear"
 Before you say anything. Mar tin. hear me out"
 He bent & questioning eye on her and remained silent. She came up 10 the desk. the letter claSped i1 her hand. The starched whit cuffs on her sleeves were a trfie short, exposing the fragile wrists.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1942-11-17
TRoLHNESs sRA1G JUDGE CHAPTER II

By Cod, 0unnar, can yoa sec what it neansq Slowly the whole coast armed. Rifles, machine guns, srenades. Every mans garden hiS oWn fortress. And then, when the Jay comes holla loose at shen in every town in Norway, end 1rown the whole Euiianly gang of them in the fJords."
 Docs anybody else know thlse" asked Qunnar.
 Not yet" After a moment the doctor added, Be very careful, btu pass the word around. I want some people we can trust to slip through if they can and meet at osterholm's tonight. He's a real man, that farmer, a real man.
 There will be many details, said Gunnar slowly, thinking, ~Ja Osterholm is e brave man. We need men like him."
 "Yes, yes, of course The matter of contacts with the ships, the or ganization of Q defense committee to take charge. Above all, we must kepe an eye out for those who talk too much. And keep the men quiet now. We don't want trouble. Not until we're ready"
 The fisherman had picked up his hat t0 go when there was a soft tap at the door behind the exam ming table. The doctor wheeled. No. I'm busy with a patient"
 The tap was repeated. Stens- gard closed his eyes a moment, then went over into the alcove, thrust a hookful of white coats aside, and flung open the door. A pale woman stood there with a scrap of paper in her hand. When she saw Gunnar she stared back In embarrassment, but then changed her mind, leaned forward, and whis- pered something to the doctor.
 Three ore for the postman, my dear2 Well, 30 that's it." Stensgard smiled, reached into his pocket, and handed her some coins. There's all of half a groner there. so look to it I get the change. Now don't bother us. We have a matter of gTeat importance.
 cV nave As SHe MolSpereu, ana looked 6 little proud. We have a letter from Johann
 He glared at her as if to remind her cf Gunnaras presence, "So!"
 We has left Stockholm. He is coming home" She was watching hin carefully to see how he would take it.
 For moment he stared at her, raouth agape. He had grown as
The Waterbury Democrat., 1942-11-17
Food, Clothes Ration
 Advocated By Voter
Father of Two Writes Congressman Expressing Dem.
 Ocratlc Philosophy Shared By Many Others

their first letter. You underestimate us.
 "so get us straight
 "vo1e that big tax blll that doubles my income tax,
 withheld five per cent-.lo per cent Of my Income next year.
 Make War Savings Bonds com. pulsory. (T'm already investing n per cent of my Salaryl
 Put a ceiling on wages and all prices.
 "Ratlon my food..my elothes..nay fuel. My grandfather got along on what waste.
 Patton my eas-.take my spare tire--take my car if you need 1t.
 Help Leon Henderson.-he's got hold of a tiger by the tan. Help him hold it or it will eat us all.
 For once in your life, forget the folks back home. Vote a clear firm yes fl 1t will win the war. Let that be your only test,
 DO this and you won't have Go worry about reelection for the dur ation.
 This letter is Democracy at work ga private citizen with no axe to grind--telling you not how to vote, but telling you how he feels so you may know better how to represent him.
 This letter Is from plain citi- zen with two children, a mother, a job, a home and long.neglected right to express the way he'd like to be governed.
 There arc i0,0Oo,0O0 like me in the United states. We will decide the election this fall. Don't underesti- mate us. You vote as courageously as we are willing to sacrifice, and nothing in the world can stop us,"
 Bowles withheld the name of the writer.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1942-11-17

pale as she, Then, ~very well" he snapped. m see you later and slowly shut the 6oor,
 When he came back from the alcove into the room he wsS Snail- ing broadly again and rubbing his hands. 50, GUnnar, you have my news. We have a big job ahead cs use. A big job" He slapped the fisherman on the back, looking a. him sharply to see sf he had mo- lived anything wrong,
 'Tn do by bes" Gunnar said slowly, and backed uno6tsuSipe,y out of the doctors reach. Then he picked up his cap again and went out.
 When the fisherman left, Dr, Stensgard abruptly stopped smiling, He seated himself at his polished walnut desk across from the door, pursed his lips, and touched the tips of his stubby fingers together in front of him. His brow furrcwe6, Some minutes passed.
 When the pale woman entered, closing the door quietly behind her, a breath Of starch and fresh linen came with her into he room.
 'NOh, Martin" she said iname- diately. T was so worried about you" She leaned back against the wall and brushed a trail hand through her hair that was done up in a wispy bun on the top Of her head.
 He smiled, a trace of condescen- sion in the downward curve Of his lips. 50 they paid us a visit, VeTy well, my dear. But now, you see have returned, So there is no cause to worry any longer"
 'Oh, I see you wore your bear skin" The woman'S hands Hut treed and picked up the cap. was it cold? We were terribly cold or the stairs"
The Waterbury Democrat., 1942-11-17
F
 PROGRAM AIRED
A. SchrOder's Son HOnOred for War Production in
 Brooklyn Today

The coveted Army-Navy "E' pen. nant, awarded for great accom. plishment in the production Of war cquipment", will be presented to the employees of A, Schraders Son to. day ct ceremonies in the Hotel st. George, Brooklyn.
 Lowell Thomas, Internationally known radio commentator and au. thor, will be master of ceremonies. The program is to be broadcast over . national hook.up of the Blue Network station.
 More than 5000 employees and guests will assemble in the Grand ballroom of the St. George hotel to witness the presentation cere- monies, The opening address will bo made by the Honorable John Cashmere, borough president of Brooklyn. Major II. R. Battley of the Army Air Force, will make the presentation Of the Army-Navy "E'' flag to W. T. Hunter, vice.president in charge of A. Schrader's Son. Commander ]. IT. Maynard, Supply Corps, U. s, N, will present pins to Karl Siginund and Kate Zorn, the oldest man and woman employees in years of service. Y. K. Johnstone, will accept the award on behalf of the employees. In notifying the company of the Army-Navy award, Under Secretary of War Robert ?. Patterson stressed the fact that lt was for great accomplishment fin the production of war equipment. The products manufactured by Schrader are used by all branches Of the service; the Army, Navy and Air Corps.
 A. Schrader's Son Is a division of Scovill Manufacturing company of Waterbury, Conn, the oldest brass manufacturers in America.