davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-06-04
Columbus u. Asks Couri
To Dismiss Action

Columbus University yesterday
asked District Court to dismiss suit
filed by committee representing the
student body of the schools junior
college. The committee had sought
an injunction to prevent the sched-
uled permanent closing of the
junior college at the end of the pres
ent school year.
The university, in its motion to
dismiss, said there was no merit to
the committees contention that
there was a contractural obligation
on the part of the school to keep it
open until the students completed
full three-year course. The univer-
sity pointed out that students Ell
rolled for but single year and paid
only for that period, not for three
years. The school catalogue set forth
that the school offered a three year
course and the student body COM
Evening star., 1942-06-04

In this war. On more than one
occasion their spokesmen in
Washington and London have
pointed bitterly to the long de-
lays and hesitations of British
and American armies.
The argument put forth by the
western end Of the United Ma
tions, that insuperable Difficult
ties stand in the way of an i'm
mediate offensive, has found no
sympathy in Moscow.
The opinion prevails in Rus
sian military quarters that even
II such an offensive means a
heavy cost in lives and war ma
terials, it will be worth while II
Hitler can be forced to withdraw
large forces to meet an on
slaught in the west.
Russians Unimpressed.
The brilliant air raids by the
British against Nazi industrial
areas have made little impress
sion on Russian military leaders,
who believe that even if such
feats are repeated weekly, they
will not change the plans of the
Nazi high command in any way.
The Soviet generals seem to be-
. lieve that the Axis forces will
make a desperate effort to break
Russian military power in the
next few weeks. Neither London
nor Washington has any other
information on this point ex-
cept what the Russian general
staff supplies.
The Soviet intelligence services
guard their stock of military in
formation, but they do tell us
that in the last few weeks, while
the battles for Kharkov and the
Crimea ragged, the Nazis were
concentrating large mechanical
Evening star., 1942-06-04

sea, supplies nothing.
Almost from the beginning the
tide of warfare has ebbed and flowed
across the waterless face of eyre
naica. Neither side has been able to
gain decisive victory-the Axis be-
cause its precarious supply route
across the Mediterranean has pre-
vented the building up of sufficient
reserves for a long-sustained offen-
sive effort; the British because the
demands OF other fronts have al
ways interfered to prevent them
from planning for and seeking de-
cision in North Africa.
Under the conditions. strategical
and geographic, Of this theater, it is
clear that no partial success can be
permanently held. The Axis forces
have been in Sollum twice, but they
are not there now; the British have
been in Bengasi twice, but they are
not there now.
II Marshal Erwin Rommels pres
ent drive should take Tobruk, it
would be success; if it should carry
him back to Sollum and Halfaya
Pass, it would be a still greater sue
cess and definite threat to Egypt,
but it would not be victory.
Nothing short of the occupation
of the Nile delta, Alexandria, Cairo,
Port Said and Suez can be consid-
cred a decisive victory for the Axis
in this region.
On the other hand, nothing short
OF the capture of Tripon and the
elimination of every Axis foothold in
North Africa can be considered a de-
cisive British victory.
Outcome Still Uncertain.
The particular attack now in prog
reSs Is Of uncertain nature. Proba-
bly, 1t was an operation of limited
objective, with Tobruk as its goal.
But even so, it may have been in
tended merely as a preliminary to
larger offensive meant to seek a
decision. .
Marshal Rommel attacked at an
unfavorable season, because of the
growing heat. Various considera-
tions may have influenced this-the
Germans may think themselves bet
ter able to stand the heat than some
Of the new troops which have come
to reinforce the British; or they may
have been compelled by strategic
necessity, the necessity of co-ordi-
mating their attack with contem-
plated German moves in Europe;
or-as is most probable-they had
intended to attack earlier, but could
not get ready because of the per-
sItent British sinkings of their
ns-Mediterranean supply ships.
Evening star., 1942-06-04
This Changing World
Russions Demanding Immediate Offensive
By U. S. and Britain to Divert Nozi Forces

forces, planes and soldiers in the
region around Smolensk. The
Russians seem to think that the
next move of the Nazi high COM
mand will take place in that
area, with Moscow as its objec-
tive.
The Russian theory is shared
by American and British strate-
gists. Unless the Soviet center
front is smashed, all the other
German operations are of Sec
ondary Importance. This is par
ticularly true of the southern
front, where Axis forces must
always remain on the watch for
an eventual flank thrust from the
north.
Attack on Reich Demanded.
Despite the continuous flow OF
arms and ammunition from the
United States and Britain, the
Russian armies are weakened
after the contests last month,
when Marshal Semeon T1mo-
shenko attempted a brilliant Of
fensive against the Nazis at
Kharkov.
Soviet troops have been fight
ing relentlessly since June, 194l.
They have lost their most i'm
portant industrial centers, and
Leningrad, which used to be
one of their main arsenals, while
Evening star., 1942-06-04

not captured by the Nazis, Is still
besieged and just able to manu-
facture enough for its Defend
ers.
Assistance In the form Of tanks,
planes and guns are highly ap-
preciated in Moscow. but this
is no longer sufficient. Hitler
is said to be preparing an all
out drive against Russia, re-
gardless of cost. The Russians
are determined to resist-also
regardless of cost. But they be-
heve that unless similar coura-
geous strategy is adopted by the
United Nations and the Nazi
territories are attacked - also
with no regard for losses-there
is strong possibility that Hitler's
plan will succeed.
This is the firm belief of the
Russian general staff and it is
being laid before the American
and British governments by
some of the most prominent
leaders of the Soviet republic
as forcefully as language can
express 1t.
Evening star., 1942-06-04
BY GOULD LINCOLN.


Proposed political purges-
directed against members of
Congress of both major politi-
cal parties-do not appear to be
moving with signal success up
to date. This is due in consid-
cradle part to the fact that peo-
pie who live in congressional dis
tricts, or in States which the
"purgees" represent, resent be-
ing told by outsiders whom they
shall nominate and elect to of
flee. A demonstration of the
effectiveness of that kind of re-
sentiment was given in the 1888
congressional elections, when the
presidential purge against Sem
ators who had opposed Presi-
dent Roosevelt's bill to enlarge
the membership Of the Supreme
Court has under way. No one
was purged.
This year various organiza-
tions have decreed that the po-
litical lives of members of Con-
gress who by their votes gave
evidence of their opposition to
the entry of the United States
into the present war, before
Pearl Harbor, are to be snuffed
out. These organizations over
look the fact that a majority
of the people felt toward entry
into the war-before Japan's at
tack-just as these members of
the House and Senate felt. A
resolution declaring war against
the Axis powers, had it been
presented to either house be-
fore the Pearl Harbor attack,
would have been defeated over
whelmingly. Even the most ar
dent supporters of the Presi-
dents foreign policy will tell
you that. And the reason was
that the great bulk of the
American people, at that time,
were opposed to this countrys
going into active warfare unless
it should be attacked.
Many of the House and the
Senate members who supported
the administration in repeal of
important sections of the Neu-
trality Act, who supported the
Lease-Lend Act, the Military
Draft Act and its extension and
other measures designed to aid
the British and other nations
then fighting against the Axis
powers, would nevertheless have
baked at a declaration of war
on the part of the United States.
They were following the admin
istration itself, which had de-
clared for steps short of war"
Change After Pearl Harbor.
An effort is being made to pick
and choose between the mem
bers who voted for all these ad-
minlstration measures and those
who voted against them. No
attention is paid to the fact
that the members who opposed
the measures before Pearl Har-
Dor have since then gone along
100 per cent in support of the
prosecution of the war, and have
insisted that there shall be no
peace until final and complete
victory is won.
This is likely to be a difficult
kind of purge to carry through
successfully. There is another
group that has threatened con-
greSsional purges also-organized
labor. This group has declared
that members who voted for
labor legislation-legislation op-
posed by the unions-during the
last year and a half. must be
defeated. There is grave doubt,
however, that this group will be
generally successful, or even par
TALLY successful. Representative
Smith, Democrat, of Virginia, who
sponsored some of the measures
Evening star., 1942-06-04
BY CONSTANTINE BROWN

Joseph Stain. supreme COM
mander of the Soviet forces, has
begun to apply powerful pres
sure in London and Washington
for the immediate creation of a.
second front in Western Europe.
He no longer suggests or advises
that the British American high
command undertake an offen-
sive to draw the bulk of Nazi
forces from the Russian battle
fields, but demands that this be
done as soon as possible.
The Russians, who are tradi-
tionally slow and given to pro-
crastination, show a good deal of
impatience with their associates
Evening star., 1942-06-04

carried to the beginning of the
year 1912.
The American Federation of La
Dor has $500 900 members, of whom
100000 are not on a dues paying
basis. The CIO reported a men,
bership of 100000. In addition
there are about 100000 members
of unions unaff1hated with either
the CIO or the AFL, such as the
railroad. telephone and Govern
ment workers.
These figures represent a peak
IN union membership in this coun-
try, but the statistics show an even
greater penetration in certain in
dustries. Thus about IS per cent
of all workers in manufacturing,
mining, building construction and
transportation were working under
union agreements at the end of
le4l.
Less than 10 per cent, however,
Of the workers engaged in whole
sale and retail trades, personal
service, clerical, technical and pro-
fessional occupations have been
unionized.
Compulsion Spreads.
Since the statistics were compiled,
compulsory unionization has been
approved by the War Labor Board
In what are termed maintenance
of-membership agreements, so that
1t is believed that an increased
total now are under compulsion,
with no opportunity to withdraw
from membership without incur
ring the danger of blacklisting or
refusal of jobs by employers
The Labor Department officially
defines the difference between
'closed shop" and union shop"
both of which have in them a COM
pulsory clause. The department
says:
The closed shop usually refers
10 situation where not only pres
ent employees, but all new employees
must be hired through the union
or must be members at the time
of employment, whereas under the
union shop new employees need
not be union members at the time
of hiring, but must join the union
as a condition of continued en-
ployment, usually after a short pro-
bationary period"
The War Labor Board has carried
the compulsory process a step fur
ther by debating in certain in
stances that employers must sign
agreements agreeing to dismiss from
the job any union member who
fails to pay dues. The claim is made
that the union members join orig
inally with knowledge of union
obligations.
The constitutions of the major
unions do not permit withdrawal.
but simply provide that the union
may expel. This unilateral arrange
ment has been overlooked by the
WLB and in the end it seems
probable that some form of gov
ernmental control over union af-
fairs to assure protection to the
individual worker will be forth
coming.
The CIO and AFL are fight
ing against the first steps toward
Government regulation Of labor
unions, namely legislation compel
ling disclosure of what the union
officers receive and expend each
year.
Labor unions are today in much
the same situation that corpora
tions were under the old Republi-
Evening star., 1942-06-04

can administrations. Abuses by the
selfish corporations and alliances
for special privileges were made by
the corporations through political
influence. In the end as the pub
lie interest became apparent, Con-
gress and the States gradually en-
acted laws to curb the selfish cor
porations.
Today all the financial affairs
and salaries of corporations listed
on the security exchanges must be
made public and drastic regulatory
measures apply to all corporations.
Racketeering among labor union
executives has lately led to efforts
to enact misunderstanding bills now
pending. But the chief government
Evening star., 1942-06-04
British Columbia Radio
Stations BIucked Out

VICTORIA, British Columbia,
June Canadian Press A radio
blackout of stations in the British
Columbia coastal defense area, was
ordered last night by the Western
air command of the Royal Canadian
Air Force. 1t said the measure was
precautionary only.
The defense area extends west
ward from the summit of the Cas-
cade Range and north from the
United States boundary to point
above Prince Rupert in mid-north-
ern coastal British Columbia.
Evening star., 1942-06-04

tai regulation will arise as a eonse-
quence of the fact that a small
group of men now exercise a mo-
nopoly over the jobs Of millions of
workers. Likewise, major unions
make large political contributions to
the Democratic party and demand
and actually receive special priW-
leges very much as the corporations
used to do before it was made un-
lawful for corporations to contrib
ute to political campaigns. As more
workers are taken in under various
forms of union membership or COM
pulsory unionization, the nearer
comes the day of governmental
control of labor unions.
Reproduction Rights Reservsd)
Evening star., 1942-06-04
Cunudu's Oldest Man
Dies at Age of l08
BY the Associated Press.


CAMPBELLTOWN. New Bruins
wick, June 4.-Canada's Oldest man,
Roderick Mcdonald. died yesterday
at the officially established age of
108, although some of his friends
believed he was at least two years
older.
Active as a blacksmith at Richi-
bucto until IS years ago, he later
became the worlds oldest harbor
master there in 1885 when he was
appointed to the job in his Tooth
year. He retired in 1888.
On his 105th birthday Mcdonald
received a papal blessing from the
Vatican. in recognition of long
life lived as a gentleman, Cath
olic and a good citizen"
Evening star., 1942-06-04

t n ere are no
fronts. but only
a trackless waste
on which gun
carrying m a =
C h n es move
about at h | G h
S p e e d. Mine
fields and, Of
course, aircraft.
play an impor-
tant part. Sup
ply has to come
from established
bases; the desert
itself. like the
Evening star., 1942-06-04
British Ship Survivors
Reach Recife, BruziI
BY the Associated Press.

By tne As&Oclated Press.
RECIFE, Brazil. June 4.-Forty
survivors from the British mer-
chantman Charlbury reached Recife
yesterday and reported that their
ship was torpedoed and sunk May
% by an Axis submarine 305 miles
off the Brazilian coast near the
island Of Fernando de Noronha.
Two men were killed by the tor
pedO explosion
Evening star., 1942-06-04

unions.
About 40 per
cent of the H.
100000 uni j o n
members ar e
working under
closed shop or
other forms of
com pulls oSy
unionization.
This inforna-
ton comes Of
fcially from the
Labor Depart
ment as the re-
suit of a study
Evening star., 1942-06-04
The Political Mill
Anti-Wor Sentiment Before Pearl Horbor
Helps Bok Primary Purees on isolation Issue

10 WHICH LIE laDOr unions were
opposed, is one of its principal
targets. 1t has brought forward
Emmett c. Dawson, a labor lead
er, as a candidate for the Demo-
cratic nomination for the 9th
congressional district. Mr. Smith
Is finishing out a decade in the
House. Four years ago the New
Dealers, who have not liked Mr..
Smith, sought TO replace him
with son Of the late Ambassador
Dodd. The campaign was a flop.
Most prominent of all on the
list Of purgees, however, is Repre-
sentative Fish, Republican, of
New York. He is singled out be-
cause of his determined stand
against American participation
in the war-before Pearl Har-
bor-and because of the fact that
he permitted his speeches to be
used by men who turned out to
BE- agents of Hitler. Mr.. Fish has
represented the 26th congress
sional district of New York for
% years. This is the district in
which the Presidents country
home. Hyde Park. is located. 1t
is strongly Republican and has
continued so. Republican nomi-
nation has been tantamount to
election there.
Republican leaders in New
York, including both Wendell L.
Willkie, the party standard-bear-
er in 1910. and Thomas E. Dewey,
the prospective Republican nomi-
nee for Governor this year. have
declared against Mr.. Fish's re-
nomination. And, still. the polit-
ical leaders in his district are
sticking to Mr.. Fish. Presumably
they know what the run-of-the-
mine voters are thinking, too.
Defeat Senator Bulow.
In Illinois, strenuous efforts
were made to knock of Senator
Brooks, Republican, who, too.
was a determined isolationist
and voted against lease-lend and
other administration measures.
Mr.. Brooks was renominated
by an overwhelming vote. The
chances are he will be reelected
next November. In South Da-
kota, Representative Mundt. Re-
publican, another strong isola-
zionist, was renominated. In that
State, however, the Roosevelt
Democrats were able to knock
off Senator Bulow, Democrat,
who had strongly opposed all
measures that might get this
country into war. Senator Bu-
low is the outstanding and al
most singular case of a legis-
lator who has been "purged" in
the primaries SO far because Of
his stand on foreign relations.
Representative Faddis of Penn
sylvania, Democrat, who was de-
feated in the primaries, had sup
ported the national defense
measures but had opposed the
administration on some domes-
tic issues.
Two Democratic Senators who
have not always seen eye to eye
with the New Deal administra-
ton, although they have gone
along with the President in his
foreign policy. were triumphant
ly renominated this week. They
are Senator Bailey Of North
Carolina and Senator Herring
of Iowa 10th were opposed
but far outran their opponents
IN the bauotlng.
The primary contests are now
well under way. 1t is in these
contests for nomination that the
burgers have hoped to get re-
suits. When the general elec-
ton takes place in November,
it will be one political party
against another and the issues
will be decided largely along
party lines.
Evening star., 1942-06-04

plete hold on a
pearl diver than
this garden has
on our friend.
He Is bound on
the north by
string beans, on
the south by
Golden Bantam
corn, on the
east by turnfp
greens and on
the west by rad
iShes.
He took up
1A
Evening star., 1942-06-04
McLemore-
Rendezvous With
A Victory Gardener
Bx HENRY McLEMORE

We spent the past week end with
a man who has a Victory garden.
Or, more truthfully, with a Vic
tory garden that has a man.
No octopus ever had a more COM
Evening star., 1942-06-04

THE opinions OF the rers this page olon
necessarily The Stars Such opinions presented
Stars effort to gue all sides OF questions OF interest to its
readers although such opinions contradictory among
themselves and directly opposed to The Stars.
Evening star., 1942-06-04
Unions Hold
of
Farmers
Membership Growth
Speeds Day Of
Federal Control
By DAVID LAWRENCE.

Unionization In America has
reached the point where almost
third of the 100000 wage
earners now are members of labor
Evening star., 1942-06-04
BY MAI. GEORGE FIELDING
ELIOT.

1t is not an easy matter to assess
the progress OF mechanical war In
the Libyan desert. The resemblance
to naval warfare Is rather striking
Evening star., 1942-06-04

mittee eontended this was a con-
tract.
The Skyland post. [volume] (West Jefferson, N.C.) 193?-1988, 1942-09-03
w. 3. Reeves Sells
Allegheny Home


w. 3. Reeves, prominent West
Jefferson business man, who is
the owner and manager of the
'Ashe Memorial Works, this week
sold his former residence and
business property at Whitehead.
The property was purchased by
w. Eddie Hoppers, resident OF
the Whitehead community, who
is considered fortunate in being
able to secure this beautiful home
and business property. The sum
involved in the transaction was
not made public.
Mr.. Reeves said that in selling
the property he had retained a
part of his meadow lands and that
he expected to continue raising
white-faced cattle there,
Before. moving to West Jefter-
son. Mr.. Reeves was long prom
inent in business and farming IN
Allegheny county. He served as
postmaster at Whitehead for many
years.
The Skyland post. [volume] (West Jefferson, N.C.) 193?-1988, 1942-09-03
Erred. -Dunn's Body
Is Found I'm Tenn.
Had Been Missing Since June.
Noah Woodland Is Being
Held In Jail


The solution of the disappear
ance of Fred Dunn, of the Forge
Greek section of Johnson county,
Tenn, the latter part of June,
came to climax recently when
a searching party found the body
buried in a shallow grave in a
cornfield three miles Northeast
of his home. Since his disappear
ance officers and neighbors have
searched far and wide for the
body, evidence being that he had
been murdered and his body dis
posed of.
Noah Woodland, a First World
War soldier, to whom circum-
stantial evidence pointed, was
placed in Jail at Elizabethton,
pending further investigation is
reported to have told a fellow
prisoner that he had committed
the crime and sunk the body in
a we'll, near Shouns. Careful
The Skyland post. [volume] (West Jefferson, N.C.) 193?-1988, 1942-09-03
TO THE CITIZENS OF ASHE
COUNTY:

AS l have been requested by
a great many citizens to place my
name for nomination before the
township and county convention
for Representative on the Demo
cratic ticket and I have decided
to do so-and my platform is for
low taxes and to get the bonds
of Ashe Co., on the state, II posi-
ble-also to try to repeal this
deed law so that any good citizen
can write a deed and it will be
legal: also I am in favor of put
ting the tax collector on a per-
cent instead of a salary; also l
am not in favor of the land being
assessed for at least years or
longer.
am in favor of saving the peo-
pie all the expense that I can, If
I receive the nomination and am
elected for the Representative OF
Ashe county.
Thanking the people in advance
for their support.
Your friend,
r. S. Maxwell
The Skyland post. [volume] (West Jefferson, N.C.) 193?-1988, 1942-09-03

search of the wells in the vicini-
ty of ShounS failed to reveal any.
thing. A few days later, accord
ing to reports, he confessed to
Rev. Mr.. Frisco the hiding place
OF. the body. Accompanied by
Sheriff Brummet. and deputies of
Carter county, Rev. Mr.. Frico
went to Mountain City and in
formed officials of Woodlands lat
est story and a searching party
went directly to the place desig-
mated by Woodland. After an all
night search the shallow grave
was discovered.
A social security card and other
papers on the body made identi-
fication an easy matter despite
the condition of the body.
AS result of shock caused by
the disappearance of his son
John M. Dunn, an aged and re-
spected citizen of the Forge Greek
community, died only few days
before the finding of his sons
body.