davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-02-10

, Teri ks office
| h at he sent
| Harry a new
one with a note
saying the old
one gu n d e d
more like a
cotter pin than
a Cotter pen
Probably the
first ambulance
bought in this
war by a manu-
featuring plant
subscribed
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-02-10

cent visit 10 the front, his mud
spattered tin hat aSkew.
He was wearing a weeks growth
of beard and hugging his battered
portable typewriter.
without bOthering about a
badly needed shave and bath or
rest" Jones says. &c uard
brushed aside all inquiries about
himself and went 10 work,
pounding out his eyewitness aC-
counts of jungle fighting"
After his dispatches had been
filed, Guard did explain the miss
ing seat of his trousers.
They were worn out, he eX-
planned, from sliding into roadside
bitches on the seat of his pants
his stiff leg held out like flagpole
to escape japanese bombers
which attacked with distressing
regularity.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-02-10
House Sets Inquiry
On Paw for JobIess

WASHINGTON, Feb. 10 (INS)
ignoring official appeals for
hurried action, the House ways
and means committee today de-
cided, by an IL 10 s majority vote,
TO hold public hearings on Presi-
dent Roosevelts plan for a $780,
100000 fund 10 aid workers dis
placed by the war program.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-02-10
Call Navy Recruiting Officer

The first Detroit naval recruit
ing officer 10 be ordered 10 active
ca duty was reported TODAY He
r. Chief Turret Captain Milford
VI Woodwork. who has been sta
Toned here fag three years and
lives al 254O Central avenue,
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-02-10

ice as well as
m u c h expert
ence in h @
United States.
10 give a
first = hand ac-
count Of Pearl
liarbor and the
+ ar East today
TO the alunnae
of Sacred Heart
Convent. Pro-
ceeds will go 10
the fund TO pro-
vide b raillc
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-02-10

Then lat r,
before entering
Annapolis, he
was a reporter
on the Atlanta
CONSTITUTE ion,
then edited by
his CO sin,
Clark Howell.
He still has a
fair for neatly
turned phrases.
Asked how the
navy oc Q s
submarines, he
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-02-10

Another time he turned up a
typical London Johnny - now a
veteran jungle fghter-who until
a few months ago knew nothing OF
the jungles except what he had
read in a London library.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-02-10

The Singapore front is at once
one of todsy's most dangerous,
most exciting and most important
news beats.
But United Press Singapore bu-
reau manager Harold Guard, who
covers the front for The Detroit
Times, has learned to take in
stride the jungle mud, clinGinG
tropical leeches when find their
way through even military puttees,
and japanese bombs that are rain
ing down daily on Great Britaln's
Asiatic bastion.
WOUNDED IN lST WAR
Both war and the Orient arc an
old story 10 Guard.
He was a submarine officer IN
World War / and limps from leg
wound incurred in action.
And the Far East has been his
news assignment since 1888.
Now he is applying both his
knowledge of war and of Malaga
and the Orient to the task OF
front line reporting from Singa-
pore.
He has gone up to the fighting
lines TO gather eyewitness &C
counts of British defenSes against
powerful japanese thrusts, has
huddled in mud-filled roadside
bitches while japanese bombers
attacked. has prowled the steam
ing Malayan jungles by night, OBJ.
serving troop movements and
interviewing tough Aussie and
native soldiers.
"COBBER" GUARD
AS a result of his tours OF the
front. Guard has become a favor
ite of the Australian forces. who
have acclaimed him "Cobbel
IGuard"-Pal Guard.
They rgeet him with their abo'
Iriginai war cry whenever he visits
field headquarters or the front
positions.
On his latest tour of the front
one 6-foot Aussie lifted Guard of
the ground. Rugged him in bear
like grip and shouted:
"Give 'em the works, pal"
Guard is reticent concerning his
own experiences.
The exploits that have made hin
widely known character amonE
the fighting men on the Malay
Peninsula are recounted by Stan
ley Jones, United Press staff cor
respondent in the Singapore
bureau, and other news men sta
toned there.
Jones tells how Guard limpec
/ into the office after his most 70
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-02-10
TRIBEsMEN FIERCE

Guard stressed the fierceneSs of
the native jungle tribes who are
aiding the British defenders. Once,
he said, he stopped near the left
flank of the western defense line.
az chatted with one native
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-02-10

for by the employees of the Detroit
Breach Company. They collected
more than $500. The plant is on
100 per cent defense operation.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-02-10

Gen. Hugh 8. son,
Americas Fighting Thinker"
Writes Daily for the Times.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-02-10
.DunSIeS No Bar to Harold Guard
Braves eeches Shells TO Cover SINGAPORE for the D. P

who was squatting In the brush
lovingly hOning n razor-sharp
curved weapon" Guard wrote.
"He gestured repeatedly BY
drawing the blade across his
throat, indicating what he in
tended for any japanese invader
who crossed his path. The dense
jungles give shelter to many OF
his kind and temper"
Gen. Hugh $. JOhnso ION,
americas Fighting Thinker"
Writes Daily for the Times.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-02-10
People You Know
Admiral Woodward Made Money as PuOII
By LINTON ARKLEs

10 his credit with IN
Chicago Daily News foreign SerN
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-02-10

ADVERTISEMENT
The Phoenix index., 1942-02-21
Determinations
Are Pointed To
AS UnGodlike e.

American citizens. children of the
one God, members Of the human
family, brethren Of us all, must
challenge the conscience of every
one who believes in the brotherhood
of man. This situation Is the harvest
of sins of the spirit of which none
of us is completely created in His
image. Race Relations week should
lead all to Gods throne in prayer
and repentance, seeking forgiveness
for the sins Of racial arrogance and
injustice.
1--WE Jews, who ourselves have
been victims Of injustice should be
especially sensitive of this. If our
prayers ana repentance, Joined with
the Americans of other faiths truly
touch us, if our souls will be truly
cleansed, we shall proceed in coop
GRAFTON with men of good will to
remove barriers, to eliminate ine
justices which underline denocra-
cy and weaken faith, to the end
that the pleas Of millions Of useful,
decent Americans for justice will be
answered, and the will Of God more
firmly established in the land we
love"
The Phoenix index., 1942-02-21
Rabbis In Plea That Justice
Be Accorded Black Americans

Race Relations Week
Negroes are victims of harsh
discrimination and flagrant Unjust
ices which cry aloud God and to
man for remedy and redress. They
dwell, usually. In the worst sluns
not by choice, but by the compul-
sion Of law. public opinion, OF
threats Of violence.
SCHOOLS POOR
"T'he schools provided ror their
children out of public funds are
usually the most poorly equipped
Their opportunities for earning q
livelihood, are in many areas limited
TO the most menial tasks, irrespec-
tive of their character, their abili-
ties, or their education. They are
practically compelled to be the hew-
ers of wood and the drawers OF
water in our country. Many trade
unions, organized to champion the
rights of workers have denied mem
bership to individuals of the Negro
race, no matter how skilled or how
well trained they were. So generally
accepted are those Determinations
that one important branch of the
armed service excludes Negroes as
fighters, though their valor and
courage have been proved In every
war Of our nation, and their fidelity
and patriotism have never been
found wanting.
Discrimination existed against
them in defense industries to such
an extent that President Roosevelt
raised his voice and demanded CD
portunities for them. AS the result
Of his vigorous plea, some of the
determinations in defense indus
tries have been modified. Despite
the social consequences, which are
inevitable in q group that is VIC
tlmized by such unfairness, the Ne
groes have maintained their morale,
and have borne their burden with
out bitterness and vengefulneSs,
and have displayed q heroisln and
dignity which command admiration
It is we, their fellow men. who have
acquiesced in or been apathetic
about their maltreatment. who hs We
suffered spiritual hurt, for no soul
that tolerates oppression remains
lnsolted or unsu1lied.
This plight of large body IF
The Phoenix index., 1942-02-21

sailors.
AS an inducement TO sign up for
the positions, liberal bonuses are
offered for seamen who will take
the risk Of sailing Oh ships III
waters infested by belligerents.
Many seamen have apparently de-
cided to renounce the sea as a
business Or profession; some have
left that kind of work to enter the
arms and ammunition industry.
In charge of the actual training
of sailors and marine officers is
the United States Coast guard. At
advantageous coastal points, ap-
prentices between the ages of 18
and % are taught in schools the
ruditner1ts of seaman's trade. Two
schools, one on the Atlantic and
the other on the Pacific coast, are
maintained for prospective Of
ficers.
Students are paid s21 a month.
and experienced men get $3.50 a
months while brushing up on their
technique. Prospective officers re-
cetve S99 a month. One of the
chief studies of marine offices and
sailors IS the gunnery course.
The Phoenix index., 1942-02-21

ST. LOUIS, --(ANp) - Reiterat-
ing that r a equality and
brotherhood of ali men are part Of
the Jewish religion, justice for the
Negro is asked in q special race
relations week message released by
the commission on justice and peace
Of the Central Conference Of Ameri-
can Rabbis and made public by r
M. TSsermar1, chairman.
Painting to the Nazl racial theo-
ries in the present world conflict as
contrasted with the preachments of
the Bible. the tenets of Judaism
and the findings of science which
show no superior or unmiXed peo.
pies, the statement says:
"As we observe the American
scene, we witness the universal a.
legiance to the religious teachings
of the brotherhood of all men We
find, however, that practice does
not follow profession and that this
belief breaks down especially with
regard to the Negro race, emanci-
pated by Abraham Lincoln, whose
birthday on February Y, inspired
The Phoenix index., 1942-02-21
The Globe Trotter
A Grave Question

Picture what CONSERVATION this
act, based simply and purely on ra-
cial prejudice, must have caused in
the hearts Of these men, who were
giving their all to preserve the
British Empire. How would you
have felt under q similar set of
circumstances?
STUPID BRITISH ACT
That one stupid act of the Brit.
ish, no doubt, did more than any
other single thing to hasten the loss
of Singapore. The japanese, having
learned well from their German
masters, quickly seized upon this to
foment trouble among the native
soldiers, who formed the very back
bone Of the Singapore defenders.
How can man fight with all his
heart when he knows that he is
not fighting to protect his loved
ones, his children; that those who
lead him into battle are not In
terested in the welfare of his fami-
ly? Prejudice had again scored a
victory
Contrast this picture of the Brit
lsh III Singapore with the stubborn
stand being made by the much wis
er General Macarthur in the Phil
lipines.
Singapore has fallen, the battle
for the PHILIPPINES which was to
have been much shorter, still goes
on. Why? It is not unreasonable to
assume that in the fact that men Of
al colors under MacArthur's com
mand have banded together, with
out prejudice or discrimination. as
brothers in arms, lies the answer.
WILL TO FIGHT STRONG
The will to fight has not been ig-
norantly destroyed by the wiley
American commander. His men.
black, brown, yellow and white, feel
that theirs is q Just cause, one
worth fighting and dying for. Their
blood, tl1e blood Of all races, min
giles freely on the battlefield.
While Cecil Brown reports the
story OF rank discrimination in
The Phoenix index., 1942-02-21

dice. early began to write defeat
for themselves in the bloody battle
for Singapore. In the face of dis
aster after disaster, they with typi-
cal British stubborness and short
sightedness refused to read the
handwriting on the wall.
BEOWN REVEALS STORY
Cecii Brown, the brilliant CoIu1n-
bta Broadcasting System cotnmenta-
tor, temporarily silenced by Singa-
pore authorities, finally lets the
cat out Of the beg" after arriving
in Australia.
According to Mr.. Brown, the
British badly weakened the fight
ing morale of their colored allies,
the Malayans, the Chinese and the
Indians, when, during the Withdraw
al from Malaga, they insisted on
taking only Europeans.
The wives and children Of the na-
tive soldiers fighting SO bravely, In
2 futile effort to stem the tide Of
the onsweeping enemy, were left
behind to suffer the horrible fate
reserved for conquered peoples.
The Phoenix index., 1942-02-21
Janitors Rapidly Turned
Into Ace Defense Workers

cents an hour, and 38 others mad
just be fingerprinted and exam
irled for enrolment.
Efforts to transfer experienced
Negro metal po1ishers from nom
defense to defense work atthe pack
ard Motor Company have not
been successful to date, DR.. Weaver
revealed, although the grievance is
of several months standing. White
metal polishers htere staged a work
stoppage In September, 1941, and
forced the removal of two Negro
metal polishers there staged a work
defense work
international union officials,
management and representatives
Branch are still seeking to solve
Of Negro Employment and Training
the Packard situation and also a
similar development at the Hudson
The Phoenix index., 1942-02-21
Bv cliff Maekay

Singapore, another correspondent,
Clark Lee, Of the Associated Press.
describes an entirely different kind
of scene in the PHILIPPINES.
"Griny and blood-stained Ameri-
cans, che writes" flight and die
day by day beside their Filipino
comrades, and the closest conrade-
ship prevails on the battlefield and
in the quarters . -. and they are
dying on Bataan gallantly and un-
questioningly." r
Here real unity has been achiev-
ed. The will to fight has been pre-
served. Outnumbered in many in
stances Is to !, they remain uncon-
quered. In Singapore, British stu
pidity- smashed unity on the rock
of prejudice. Singapore was lost.
NOT TOO LATE
Here are two stories, describing
in greater detail and more vividly
than anything the writer could say,
how to win this war and how to
lose it.
It is not too late for both Atneri-
Cc cIlo 8lCcu SIIUdAl W OcclQCs LIZ
they want to follow the blind paths
of prejudice and discrimination
which ll1questionably lead to de-
feat and disaster? Or will they wise
ly realize that victory will never be
theirs as long as they embrace these
twin fifth columnists, while prose-
cutting the ware
All observers are agreed that
America and Great Britain cannot
hope to win without the aid Of the
darker races. Thus far the bid for
the support of these peoples includ-
ing the 1852 millions in India, has
been blindly withheld. They have
been blunt1y told by Winston
Churchill that the noble document
of the -four freedoms" definitely
did not apply to them. The demand
for Self-government has been ruth
leSSly crushed.
Now with the loss of Singapore
the United Nations find themselves
at the cross roads Will they arise
to the situation and discard forever
prejudice and discrimination as did
General Macarthur? Or is this too
big q price to pay for victory?
The Phoenix index., 1942-02-21
Race Laborers
Move to Higher
Income Brackets

WASHINGTON, D. G. --(SNS)--
"Janitors and laborers yesterday
skilled workers in war production
tcdayl
Hundreds of Negro workers have
undergone this transition recently
in Detroit, according to DR.. Robert
G. Weaver, Caief Of the Negro En-
plotment and Training Branch Of
WEBS Labor Division, AND thou
sands more will be similarly af-
fected as the automobile industry
is converted to full time produc-
ton of tanks, shells and aircraft.
This increasing transfer Of Ne
gro workers from non-defense to
with the resultant opening of scores
defense work in the Detroit area,
of new and better-psid jobs to
colored employees was reported by
DR.. Weaver to Sidney Hillman,
Labor Director Of the War Pro-
duction Board.
This 1ntegration of Negro work
ers into the Michigan defense ef-
fort is being accomplished through
the Six-point Transfer Program.
DR.. Weaver sAid, and through
close cooperation between organ
iZed labor, management and repre-
sentatives of the Negro Employ
ment and Training Branch.
t'Several obstacles have been sur
inounted through the action of in
ternational officialsof the UAw-
C1O in invoking the -discrimin-
ation clause IN the unions con-
stitrtion. The Union has also es-
tablished international and local
ir1te-racisl committees to enforce
the provisions Of this policy.
AS result, by January 10, 1912,
more than LOG Negroes were at
plant as punch press operators.
work in the Kelsey Hayes military
oicklers, assemblers, and laborers
and janttors: an additional 107
were drill press operators, asserb-
lers, punch press operators, ship
pers, receivers and 1aborers in the
The Phoenix index., 1942-02-21

The strikes occurred when j. Law
renee Duncan, field assistant in the
office Of DR.. Robert G. Weaver, chief
Of the Negro employment and train
ing branch of WPB, insisted upon
the transfer of Negro boxers and
leaders from Department sol in the
Dodge rnainplant to lend-leaSe work
In the Chrysler Highland Park plant
along with white workers.
The sitdown demonstration end
ed and the first ten Negros went to
work when r. G. Conder, Chrysler
labor relations director, Richard
Frankensteen, UAW-CIO vice-presi-
dent, and plant representatives OF
the u. S. army backed up the WPB
commitment and told the striking
white workers to return to their
jobs or be fired on the spot.
The first strike, two hour dem
onstration, occurred at p. m. when
white workers first learned that
Negroes were to be transferred to
the plant in keeping with union
seniority regulations and the COM
pany's commitments, to DR.. Weav-
er's office.
This demonstration ended when
F'ranKensteen, VINO had been dis.
patched to Detroit by r. j. Thomas,
international president, at Duncan's
request, advised Conder to fire all
workers who refused to return to
their jobs Immediately.
At four o'clock, however, when
the first Negro reported to work the
whites again staged a 15-minute
The Phoenix index., 1942-02-21

Kelsey Hayes Mccraw Plant NO.
2, and 154 others were employed
in skilled, serni-skilled and un-
skilled positions in the Kelsey Hay
es McGraw plant No. /. AT the
same time, an upgrading program
was instituted for Negro workers
who were transferred to the Kelsey
Hayes Plymouth Michigan plant.
January reports by representa-
tives of DR.. Weaver's office reveal
ed further that 1876 Negroes had
received employment in the Muir
ray Corporations Aircraft Plant
No. 2 and in a variety Of skills. In
cluded among these coIored work.
ers were aircraft riyeters, assemb-
lers, aircraft repairmen, electric
truck drivers and stock handlers.
Sig Negroes were enrolled In the
con1pary's training school at 80
The Phoenix index., 1942-02-21

sitdown strike This demonstration
was ended in the same way.
The third sit-down occurred at
midnight when nine more Negroes
were transferred from the Dodge
plant to assist in leading, stripping,
boxing operations of lend-lease and
U. S. army trucks at the Highland
plants. This strike ended In five
minutes when war department rep
resentatives joined the management,
labor and WIPE In work or be
fired" ultir1atur1.
The three strikes were believed
to have been inspired by undercover
units of the Ku Klux Klan which
has recently boasted of its strength
in United Automobile Workers 10
Gals in the Michigan area. Franken-
steen's action, which was supported
by William Marshall and Morris
Field of the Chrysler UAW-C1O dt-
vision, indicates a desire on the
part of the union officials for a
showdown with the khan units.
Following the settlement of the
Chrysler strikes, Mr. Conder in
formed WPB that he was proceed
ing with the upgrading of Negro
workers in keeping with his agree
ment with DR.. Weaver's office. One
Negro in Highland plant was pro-
NOTED to crane operator and seven
leaders in the Dodge Main plant
were upgraded to strippers and box
ers. The industrial relations direc-
tor declared that Negroes would be
given equal employment and promo
ton opportunities with whites.
The Phoenix index., 1942-02-21

THE TWIN FIFTH colun1nists,
prejudice and discrimination, con-
tinue to play an important part in
the war. On every front where the
United Nations find themselves
hard pressed you see these two evil
forces doing their dirty work.
The Phoenix index., 1942-02-21

Ill OIlC SAhAA bop
tie to the death
being waged in
the Pacific, preju
dice and discrim-
ination. probably
more than any
thing else contri-
buted to the 1nev-
liable fall Of the
great British ma
val base at Sing
apore.
Britons, blinded
The Phoenix index., 1942-02-21

Women with dark skin, women with
hard to tighten complexion, this is your
chance Of q Lifetime. Women with dull
skin, .freckles, superficial blen1ishes eZ-I
ternally caused, this is great news for
you. Amazing NEW NIX Liquid Bleach
allows you to tighten your skin and
bring out your hidden. natural color.
This new, faster to use Liquid Bleach is
not greasy. You simply pour in hand
and pat on in | minute before going to
bed. It dries at once. No one can tell
you used it. 1t works fast while you
sleep; No grease to get on pillows. Or,
put it on in the daytime and just pow
der over it, It lightens your skins ap-
pearance quickly. Because it Is liquid it'
starts Tightening action at once. And be-
cause it is liquid it gets into every tiny
line to help give more even, smooth look
ing. brighter color. Get NIX Liquid
Bleach at cosmetics counters or send soc
Tor double bottle to NIX COSMETICS
Co. MEMPHIS, TENN. If not delighted
your trial is Free and we will refund
your money. Agents wanted quick.
The Phoenix index., 1942-02-21
Seafaring Jobs
Open To Negroes

WASHINGTON, D. CLAMP
With the United States Merchant
marine in need of 10000 sailors
and seanen, and 10000 additional
licensed marine officers, the op-
portunity presents itself for Me-
groes to take advantage Of this
shortage by applying for seagoing
positions.
This announcement comes with
the scheduled launching and COM
missioning of more than a thou
sand new merchant ships within
the next year or two, these being
beyond the ships to be constructed
for the navy To man and operate
the new vessels under construction
and those to be cult to carry the
commerce of the country, the U.
s. p, Maritime commission wants
great many marine Officers and
The Phoenix index., 1942-02-21
"Work OrElse" "OrderEnds Strike
Against Hiring OfNegro Workers
klan Is Blamed
By Chrysler Co.

DETROIT (ANP) - "Pick up your tools and get to
work-or get the hell out Of this plant"
This brusque ultimatum, delivered by management,
department and production board representa-
ves ended three Ku Kux Kan inspired sit down strikes in
the Chyser Highland Park plant here and expedited the
transfer of Negro workers from nondefense to defense
duction.
The Phoenix index., 1942-02-21

Motor Company where a demon
stration of white workers prevent
ed the upgrading Of Negro en-
ployees. Joint action in both cases
is expected shortly.
The Phoenix index., 1942-02-21
Jersey Governor Pleads
With Alabama Governor

TRENTON Jersey Ex-Governor Charles Edison
Charles Edison, nterceded
behalf Nathan Beauchamp colored escaped
Alabama prison in 1910 while serving life voluntarily
surrendered to Newark police
he NAACr.
Due the adoption uniform exaditcn laws governor
Jersey longer regard
other states and the issuance matter