davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-02-28
Defense Contract Tuxes

Representative Cochran OF Mis-
souri, again has drawn attention to
condition that needs correcting by
the introduction of bill to exempt
Government defense contracts from
State and local taxation.
On the basis of the tremendous
expenditures to which the Govern
ment is committed, Mr.. Cochran
estimates that sales, use, income and
other taxes, levied against contrac-
tors and passed on to the Govern
ment, will call for an outlay of more
than billion dollars. This is ri
diculous when 1T is considered that
the taxing jurisdictions will get the
same benefit from the arms program
as the rest Of the country. Right
now, to cite an outstanding example
Of the incongruities that have de-
veloped, the Army and Navy are
attempting to adjust claims for gross
receipts taxes which the territory of
Hawaii seeks to collect from contrac-
tors engaged in a project designed to
protect the island against further
attack. And this is but one of many
similar instances.
At the inception Of the defense
program, Congress refused to enact
legislation to exempt contractors
from State taxation, and the Su-
preme Court added a clincher
few weeks ago. in two cases from
Alabama, holding a cantonment con-
tractor subject to the State sales and
use tax. The mere fact that the tax
eventually was included in the cost
which the Government bore, did not
affect the liability. the court said
in the unanimous decision read by
Chief Justice Stone, which brushed
aside the contention that the con-
stitutional immunity of the Fed
eral Government from State taxa
ton was barrier to collection. The
court indicated, however, that Con-
gress could provide immunity by
legislation.
The Army and Navy are backing
the Cochran bill principally because
the harassing effect of these State
and local taxes tends to discourage
contractors from taking war work,
but the Treasury has withheld ap-
proval, according to the Missourian,
arguing that the taxes are not dis
criminatory. Mr.. Cochran aScribes
this attitude to the fact that the de-
partment does not want to compro-
mise its position in favor of levying
the Federal income tax on income
from State and local securities.
There is little or no analogy between
the two issues, however.
Failure of Congress to act favor
ably on this question easily might
serve as an incentive for additional
tax burdens on defense work, par
ticularly since the pinch of war
time restrictions undoubtedly will
be felt on other sources of revenue,
causing States and municipalities to
look around for new income.
Evening star., 1942-02-28
Donald Woodward

When the prophet Isaiah referred
to the merchants of Tyre, "the
crowning CITY," as princes, he pro-
vided a phrase which may be applied
with justice to Donald Woodward of
Washington, whose life closed yes
terday. He was a person of chival-
rous manner and bearing. His defer
ence to others was couStly in its
graciousness. 1t is not too much to
say that he was a statesman in COM
merce. He belonged to "the honorable
of the earth"
Certainly, he was indebted to his
parents for the opportunity of serv-
ice which he inherited as their son.
Yet Mr.. Woodward might have won
a "self-made' success in any other
field Of enterprise that he could have
chosen. He accepted the tradition
into which he was born because it
was duty so to do. But it would be
an error to suppose that he did not
make his own original contribution
to the establishment whose principal
executive officer he was for nearly
twenty-five years. The institution
which bears his name in association
with that of his fathers partner is
a monument to him as we'll as to his
predecessors. He assisted its growth
and added to its value to the COM
munity.
It must be mentioned also that Mr..
Woodward was generous with his
wealth. Modesty prompted him to
conceal many of his benefactions,
but those that necessarily were a
matter of public record suff1ced to
show that he was in truth philan-
thropist. He is entitled to remem-
brance likewise as soldier, good
citizen OF the District Of Columbia
and, above all, a patriotic American
who deeply loved his country and
quietly but effectively desired to be
of use to it. A long illness has ended
his career at a time when, had he
been granted health. he would have
been glad to bear his part Of the
common burden.
Evening star., 1942-02-28
Explains Criticism of Brass Hats"
Was Not Aimed at Services.

To the Editor Of The Star:
Referring to an Associated Press report
carried in late editions of The Star for
February 10, in which Representative
Smith of Virginia was quoted as having
criticized me for "a TRADE against the
Army of the United States" wish to
say that, as an Army officer of many
years service. I would hardly oppose
either the Army or Navy. which services
I regard as the best in the world.
AS soon as Mr. Smith finished speak
ing, arose and said that was there to
protect the Army and Navy against "a
few brass hats" or words to that effect.
Our association always has supported
the Presidents preparedness policies and
war effort. In verification of this state
ment, refer you to radio address re-
printed in the Congressional Record for
October Is, 194l. headed Superiority in
the Air Means Victory on Land and Sea"
would appreciate 1t very much indeed
II you would print this letter in your
paper and thus correct any wrong i'm
preston concerning my efforts to secure
air preparedness.
J. E. MYERS,
Col. U. S. A., Retired.
President, Aviation Defense Assn, Inc.
Evening star., 1942-02-28
Resents Criticism
OF Britain and Russia.

To the Editor Of The Star:
Next to a direct act of treason the
worst form of disloyalty to the United
States is to treat with insult or con-
tumely either England or Russia, our
Allies and co-partners in the fight
against Germany and Japan.
Unjust criticism of England's war ef-
fort Is destructive of unity and en-
couraging to the enemy. Whether we
like the English or not, England and the
whole commonwealth of British nations
are today indispensable to our survival
as a free people.
During the past six months the Rus
slams have been keeping back the Nad
avalanche. Who are we to insult a peo-
pie who have demonstrated their courage
and self-sacrifice? Assuming that our
religious and political ideas are the best
available, what have we done to bring
the Kingdom Of Heaven to earth? I
do not know how "red" the Russians
are in politics, but the whole world knows
them to be a red-blooded nation. Let
us emulate their devotion and directness
Of purpose.
HYACINTHE RINGROSE.
Evening star., 1942-02-28
Hoskin's Answers
To Questions -,
BIZ Frederic J. Haskin.

A reader can get the dnsuer to any
question OF fact by tortttng The Ere-
ming Star Information Bureau, Fred
eric J. Hdsktn, director, Washington,
D. c. Please tnclose stamp tor reply.
@. How much has unemployment de-
creased in the past year7-T. A. L.
A. According to estimates Of the Con-
ference Board, the average number Of
unemployed is slightly less than $500 900,
or fully so per cent below the comparable
1910 total Of 1900, 900.
@. Which Is the smallest state In the
world?-N D. A.
A. Vatican City, which comprises only
1857 acres, IL the worlds smallest state.
1t Is called q sovereignty and the full
executive powers are vested In the SOW
ereign pontiff. The ofice Of governor
of the Vatican City was created In 1929
for the protection of property, the main
tenance of public order and hygiene
and the ordinary relations With the
italian state.
@. Will the Kentucky Derby be run
this year?-C. N.F.
A. The Kentucky Derby has been set
for Saturday, May 2, 1912, the date au-
thorized by the Kentucky State Racing
Commission.
Evening star., 1942-02-28
BETHESDA, Md.

Dear Sir:
I'm your article Of February "a was q
letter from M. T. j. asking the identity
Of certain birds. which, from his descrip-
ton, you identified as goldfnches.
These seem to be the same birds that
I have had for the past two or three
weeks and have identified them as
purple finches. At first I thought they
were three distinct types Of birds, as the
male, female and immature young were
so different, but on looking 1t up, found
they were all purple flnches.
"A few days ago the males and the
immature young disappeared, but today
I have II females.
These finches seem to be tanner than
the goldfinches and eat on the feeder a
few feet from the window and on the
ground beneath the feeder.
Since having my feeder, enjoy your
articles more than ever.
Sincerely yours, I. H.
There Is no doubt about Mrs H. having
purple finches, but that M. T. j. did is
still open TO doubt.
The latter said that tiny gray birds"
never once ate of the ground. Purple
f1nches always do.
Now, purple flnches (even the females
and the young, which look alike, are
not "tiny" in any sense. The male, in
deed, is rather husky. being from to
81 inches long.
A feature of all the purple finches Is
that they are streaked, the male with
bright purple, or wine, and the others
with brown.
M. r. j. said that the birds never once
few around with the other birds or ate
on the ground with them. Purple finches
do both.
But it makes no difference when 1t
comes to purple finches.
Any one who has them is fortunate,
and February is their month, undoubt-
edly, hereabouts
Usually the observer is attracted by
the bright males.
These are of such different color that
they always call attention to themselves.
1t is impossible for even the newcomer
to bird watching to fail to wonder what
they are. after little time. Occasionally
an amateur will believe them to be young
cardinals, but the color is entirely
different
In some parts Of the country the
females have been called English spar
rows" by hasty observers, who. not liking
these sparrows, have Immediately dis
patched them, thereby depriving the
world of some of its most beautiful birds,
l. E., purple finches.
i b
The purple finch is about 6l4 inches
long. which takes him out of the tiny
class.
Evening star., 1942-02-28
Russiun Offensive

MooCoW dllIlUullCcIilc1lJ VI ue-
cisive victory in the district of Sta
raya Russa should be considered
both as local success and as part of
renewed Russian offensive along
the whole north-central front from
Leningrad to Smolensk.
Staraya RuSSa is a point of high
strategic Importance. Lying 14O miles
southeast of Leningrad, it is a juno
ton for three railroads and several
highways. The region about Sta
raya RuSSa is a maze of swampS and
small rivers flowing into Lake linen,
just to the northward These give
excellent protection except in winter,
when marshes and rivers are alike
frozen to a depth permitting the
passage of tanks and heavy artillery.
This accounts for the inf1ltrating
tactics of the Red forces which over
came the desperate resistance of the
Germans and by-passed the town
itself. That, at least, is the Moscow
version, which Berlin emphatically
denies, though it does admit fierce
Russian attacks and heavy fighting.
Assuming the Moscow version to be
correct, the fall of Staraya RusSa
would abolish the southern half of
the German salient whose northern
part, north of Lake linen, is an
chored upon the city of Novgorod.
Once this key salient is taken, the
Russians presumably could push
westward and cut the railway line
running north and south from
Leningrad to Vitebsk. This is the
main lateral communication line be-
hind the German winter front. In
deed, by pushing a bit farther west
ward, the Russians might cut the
other main north-south railway line
on which the German armies
besieging Leningrad largely de-
pend. The cutting Of those vital
communications would render the
German position before Leningrad so
precarious that the siege might have
to be raised promptly in order to
avoid major disaster.
The Germans repeatedly are throw
ing in large reserves to stem this
Russian offensive. That must have
reflex effect upon their ability to
stem another big Russian attack on
the great Smolensk salient, which is
being hammered heavily by the Reds
on all three sides, especially at its
southern base, where Moscow reports
the capture of the town of Dorogo-
buzh. The abolition of that salient
would deprive the Wehrmacht of its
only promising springboard for a
renewed push toward Moscow in the
spring.
That climatic fact is, beyond
doubt, the basic reason for the re-
newed stepping-up of Russia's Of
fensive. Already, the SHOWS in the
Crimea and along the Black Sea are
beginning to melt. A few weeks
hence, the genial breath of spring
will sweep out of the south, turning
snow and frostbound soil into slush
and mud which will virtually immo-
bilize both armies for from one to
two months, according to the ma
ture of the terrain. This is the last
chance to take advantage of winter
conditions which favor the Russians
in many ways, And, by current re-
ports, they seem to be making good
use of the time which remains to
them
Evening star., 1942-02-28
Asks Trenchant Questions
About Hero Of Bataan.
70 the Editor OF The Star:

To the Editor Of The Star:
The situation of Gen. Macarthur In
the Philippines generally is spoken of as
such that no assistance may be rendered
to him. Would it not be possible to
furnish him arms and ammunition by
plane? Don't worry but that he will
provide a landing place. And as for
man power, may not it reach him by
infiltration from the outside native pop
ulation? Again he will see to that also.
Why not talk about what may be done
instead of saying nothing can be doneI
VERIFY.
Evening star., 1942-02-28
Letters to the Editor

Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address OF
the Uriter, although the use of
q pSeudonym for publication is
permissible. The Star reserves
the right to edit all letters NTH
q Uie,U to condensation.
Evening star., 1942-02-28
He probably will be sent to an oficer's

he PROBABLY Will DC ScHt W I'll oulCci
training camp.
"It's all luck" says DR.. Sullivan. I'm
just waiting"
This man, he says, is a "schizoid per-
sonality" And, he continues, IF was
in a tight fix the men I would want
around me would be schizoids, if was
sure it wouldn't last very long"
But these men arrive at the point Of
nervous exhaustion very quickly.
He urged that the man be turned
down and was overruled.
There were, of course. just as many
schizoids in 1917-18. From their ranks
came some Of the outstanding heroes OF
the war-also men for whose support
the Government will be paying 500
. month for years to come.
Evening star., 1942-02-28
Discusses Difficulties
OF Sugar Registration.
To the Editor Of The Star:
HYACINTHE RINGROSE.

On the first page Of The Star for Feb.
ruary % there was an article relating
to the Sugar Rationing Board. In this
article, after stating that the registration
for sugar rationing will be conducted in
most of the public schools, the following
Evening star., 1942-02-28

The death of John Harris, inventor
of welding, is announced with regret.
The death of the inventor of welders'
strikes would be announced With
pleasure.
Evening star., 1942-02-28
Uncle Sans AImanac-A store

Uncle Sans AImanac-A store
house Of facts, figures and tables
covering 200 subjects. Includes
many new and timely features,
such as family income expendi-
lures, food = for defense budget,
rank and insignia of Army and
Navy, and some 1910 population
figures. Also material on sports,
aviation, radio, taxes, as we'll as the
usual almanac and calendar pages.
To secure your copy OF this publi-
cation inclose 10 cents in coin,
wrapped in this clipping, and mail
to The Star Information Bureau.
Name
Address
Evening star., 1942-02-28

A. AT all ages combined, In recent
years, accidents caused about 9 per cent
of all deaths among males in the United
States and about per cent among
females
@. Is there anything that can be done
for a tree that will not bear fruitP-
G. M. C.
A. The United States Department Of
Agriculture suggests the following tenn
porary expedient that frequently proves
quite effective. When the tree Is in
bloom cut big bouquet Of blossoming
branches from fruit tree OF the same
kind, but Of another variety. Put these
branches in pail or can Of water hung
on branch of the tree. Bees working
the trees will visit the blossoms on the
pollinizing bouquet and transfer pollen
to the blossoms growing on the tree.
@. Where did the ordinary brown rat
originally come from?-R. e.
A. The brown rat is believed to have
first invaded Europe from Asia in 1727.
when hordes of them swan the Volga
River. About the same year they arrived
in England on ships from the Orient.
Since then, travelling by ships and inland
routes, they have spread to all parts of
the world.
@. Is snow formed from frozen rain?-
s. Y.
A. 1t is not. Though snow may melt
into rain, rain cannot freeze back into
snow. Frozen raindrops form sleet Snow
is formed when the water vapor in the
air condenses at temperature below
the freezing point.
@. OF the three branches of the service,
Army, Navy and Marine Corps, which Is
the oldest?-N. v. z.
A. The War Department says that
with respect to the armed forces of the
United States proper. the Army, the
Navy and the Marine Corps are all of
equal age, since all were in existence in
July 1776, when our independence from
Great Britain was declared.
@. Please give some information in re-
gard to the British constitution-W. L.
A. The British constitution is mainly
unwritten and customary, but its devel-
opment is marked by certain funda-
mental laws of which the principal are
Magma Carta 0215), the Habeas Corpus
Act Q679D, the Act of Settlement U70l),
the Act Of Union with Scotland Q70D,
the Act of Union with Ireland $4,000,
the Parliament Act Q9lD, Government
of Ireland Act 1920, the Irish Free
State Agreement Act (1922) and the
Statute Of Westminster Qs3D.
@. Who were the three Presidents Of
the United States who held ofice during
one month?-M L. o.
A. Martin Van Buren was President at
the time William Henry Harrison was
elected President in 1910. Harrison died.
however, only month after his inaugu-
ration and the Vice President, John
Tyler, became President.
@. Is 1t permissible to give a shower
for bride-to-be when her engagement
is announced even though the date for
the marriage has not been set?-B. e. r.
A. 1t is correct to give q prospective
bride a shower as soon as her engage
ment is announced. The fact that ths
wedding date has not been decided upon
has no bearing upon the question.
Evening star., 1942-02-28

@. What percentage of deaths are
caused by accidents?-S. r.
A. At all ages combined. in recent
years, accidents caused about 8 per cent
of all deaths among males in the United
States and about per cent among
females.
Evening star., 1942-02-28

O. Is snow formed from frozen rain'-
s. Y.
A. 1t is not. Though snow may melt
into rain, rain cannot freeze back into
snow. Frozen raindrops form sleet Snow
is formed when the water vapor in the
air condenses at a temperature below
the freezing point.
Evening star., 1942-02-28

@. Is 1t permissible to give a shower
for bride-to-be when her engagement
is announced even though the date for
the marriage has not been setp-B. EFF.
A. 1t is correct to give q prospective
bride shower as soon as her engage
ment is announced. The fact that ths
wedding date has not been decided upon
has no bearing upon the question.
The Coolidge examiner., 1942-04-03

Q Mr.. and Mrs. Arthur Thomas.
children Catherine and Chester
and Mr.. and Mrs. Peter Schuft
and son Johnny were dinner
guests OF Mr.. and Mrs. Matt n.
Dodge in their home on Saturday
evening.
Q Mrs. Clifford Clements. Mrs. w
ID. Johnson and Mrs. Leon Smith
were luncheon guests of Mrs. f
c. Stocker at Vah-Ki Inn on Fri
day. The afternoon was spent
playing cards Mrs. Stocker left
Sunday for Mesa. where she will
take the mineral baths.
Q Troy Lewis returned Friday
from Rittenhouse. where he has
been employed He will remain
here for awhile after which he
and Lewis Burton plan to go to
the coast
Q Mr.. and Mrs. Frank Spangehl
and dauhter Julie of Superior
were dinner guests at the home
of Mr.. and Mrs. A. w. Spangehl
Monday night. The Spangehls are
brothers and the occasion was
Frank Spangehls birthday.
Q Earl Garrett OF Nevada spent
the weekend with his brother and
sister-in-law Mr.. and Mrs. Roy
Garrett. Mr.. Garrett. who is on his
vacation. left Monday TO visit rel
atives in Oklahoma. Roy Lee Gar
rett of Phoenix. the Roy CARROTS
son. also spent the weekend here.
. Mr.. and Mrs. Elmer Lukin of
Casa Grande and Leo Block of
Florence wete dinner guests of Mr..
and Mrs. Nathan Zahalzky in their
home on Wednesday evening for
the celebration OF Passover.
Q Mrs. Gene Scudder and children
Barbara, Rita and Jimmy spent
the weekend with Mr.. and Mrs.
r. II. Baker at their home In
Tempe.
The Coolidge examiner., 1942-04-03

Q The Coolidge Rebekah Lodge
will meet Friday night at 500 Ia
the Masonic Temple. A short Eas-
ter program will be given and
the new silk flag will be present
ed for the first time. All members
are expected to be present.
Q Mrs Cyrus Tindall, who under
went an operation at Casa Grande
Hospital last Friday has returned
to her home east OF Coolidge and
is reported to be doing well. Mrs.
Jack Ferguson of California has
come TO take care OF her mother.
Mr.. Ferguson is also here TO look
over business interests in Tucson.
The Fergusons formerly owned
and operated the b and B Drive
Inn on Arizona Boulevard.
. Mr.. and Mrs. Irvine Landy of
Phoenix. Mr.. and Mrs. Charles Co
hen. Rose Lee and Ben Joe Cohen,
and Miss Bertha Cohen of Mesa
celebrated Passover at the home
of Mr.. and Mrs. Ben Mirkin
Wednesday evening.
Q Mrs. Clara Kinney of Abilene,
Texas, who has been visiting her
sister and brother-in-law Mr.. and
Mrs. j. w. Beauchamp. left Tues
day for Abilene on business. She
expects to return soon.
Q Mr.. and Mrs. Pat Kline of
Globe are in Coolidge this week
on business.
Q Jim Maxwell, Coolidge Union
High School student. left Wednes-
day for San Diego. California. to
enlist In the Marines.
. Mrs. J. ]. Jones and Mrs. j..
G. Jayne are in Buckhorn where
they are resting and taking the
mineral baths. They left last Fri
day and plan to return Sunday.
. A. G.. Bickford. Sr., who under
went an operation at Florence
Hospital last week Is now at St
Josephs Hospital, Phoenix. under
the care of specialist Mrs.
Myrtle Weaver of Oklahoma and
her daughter Mrs. Ethel Anderson
OF Hobbs. New WeXico, arrived
soon after Mr. Bickford's opera.
tion and will remain until he Is
better. Mrs. Weaver and Mr..
Bickford are brother and sister
and. until now. have not seen
each other for ten years.
. Mrs. J. w. Hogue drove to
Phoenix Sunday and brought her
| daughter Mrs. Larry Mungerro
annd baby Diana back for a
weeks visit. They plan 10 return
Sunday.
= Mr.. and Mrs. j. B. Speed OF
Los Angeles spent Sunday after.
noon visiting j. j. Jones. Mr..
Speed is vice president and field
inspector OF State Mutual Building
and Loan Association.
. Miss Susan Chadborn. her cou.
sin. ID. T. Walker OF Deming. New
Mexico. who has been visiting
here. and Bob Humphries drove
to New Mexico over the weekend.
where Miss Chadborn visited her
aunt Mrs. j. II. Breen at Colum-
bus.
. Judge and Mrs. p. ID. Over
field. Mrs. Margaret Cole OF Cali
fornia and Tony Van Wagenen Of
Casa Grande were guests OF Mrs.
Katherine Mac Rae and Miss
Margaret Valiant at Mac Rae
Ranch on Sunday.
The Coolidge examiner., 1942-04-03
Sew and So Club
Meets Wednesday

The Rebekah Sew and So Club
met at the home of Mrs. ID. ).
Davis Wednesday afternoon. Gar
ments for the Red Cross were
finished.
The next melting will be held
April Is at the home of Mrs. ]. b.
Boone at $50 a. m. A pot luck
luncheon will be served at noon.
The day will be spent sewing for
the Red Cross. All members are in
vited to attend.
The Coolidge examiner., 1942-04-03
Smiths Are Hosts

Mr. and Mrs. Leon Smith were
Friday nights hosts to the group
of friends who meet weekly for
pot luck supper and an evening OF
bridge.
Those present were Mr.. and
Mrs. Clifford Clements, Mr.. and
Mrs. w. d. Johnson, Mr.. and Mrs.
A. L. NOVEL; and Mr.. and Mrs.
Don Paul.
The Coolidge examiner., 1942-04-03
Mrs. Elsberry Is
Wednesday Hostess

Mrs. Rodney Elsberry was this
weeks hostess to members OF the
Wednesday Bridge Club for an al
ternoon of cards in her home.
High score was won by MRS.
Karl Fisher.