davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-06-13
SEEK 100000 TONS

SEEN fvofvVv AO~'D
In two weeks. the nations wal
planners hope 10 see upwards OF
|70O. 900 tons of precious rubber
come pouring forth-valued fal
beyond the $4,000, 900 which such
an outpouring would cost if Uncle
Sam pays the prescribed penny-a.
bound for every bit OF the coveted
scrap. Officials anticipate. how
ever, that patriotic citizens viii
donate thousands OF tons OF ole
rubber.
In a radio address, President
Roosevelt sounded the keynote fol
the campaign.
"You and I want the finest
and most efficient army and
navy the world has ever seem
m army and navy with the
greatest and swiftest striking
. power" he said. THAT means
rubber-huge quantities of rub
her - rubber for trucks and
tanks and planes and gun
mounts-rubber for gas masks
! and rubber for landing boats.
TO WIN THE WAR
aOnce the rubber II In, we
will know what our supplies of
used rubber are and we will
make our plans accordingly. One
thing YOU can be sure olive
are going to see TO IL that there
n enough rubber TO build the
planes to bomb Toxic and Ber-
lin--enough rubber TO build the
tanks TO crush the enemy wher-
ever we may find him--enough
rubber TO win this war"
The President said there were
|only two simple rules for the
rubber emergency:
1-"Turn in all the old rubber
Il anywhere and everywhere.
C-"Cut the use of your car
n save Its tires by driving
slowly and driving less"
MAY AVERT RATIoNING
On the outcome of the cam.
|paign, officials indicated. may
hinge the decision on whether il
will be necessary 10 ration gas
|oline on a nationwide scale Il
|conserve the tires on the country's
|33, 000, 900 vehicles.
The drive will be a non-profit
|effort as regards the oil industry
The government offers ] cent
however, for every pound of scrap
IT will then be sold TO the Rub
Der Recovery Corporation at So
| q ton.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-06-13

I'VE slowed ana released our
torpedoes. They struck the car
rier amidships.
FIRED INTO SEA
I'VE were coming In at them
so low their battleshlps even
fired their guns into the water
to throw up waves to try TO get
us.
"They gave us all they had. I
could feel the conclusion of the
carrier trembling as pulled into
the clouds. Then i could see the
carrier beginning to flame and
smoke.
THE Jap Zeros buzzed about
like hornets. There must have
been at least so. Some followed
us through their own anti
aircraft fire-They have CUTS.
Going into the clouds we shot
two of them down."
Lieutenant Weems, the navi.
gator on Captain Collins plane
rode through the entire battle ir
the planes blind interior anc
could not see out.
IL just had to sit there and
take It," he said. "Once
stuck my head out to see what
WIS cooking and saw dog fight
Ing and the edge of the Jap
carrier. And plenty of bullets.
/ pulled In my head and crossed
my fingers"
ANOTHER JAP CARRIER
Meanwhile Lieutenant Muri wa.
picking out another Jap carrier
''While we were maneuvering
for crack ut the Jap ships It
seemed as though 100 Zeros
came at u.s." Muri said. Those
babies really worked us over.
They shot of my landing gear.
Three of my crew members
were wounded.
my navigator Up. L. Moore
of FL Centre. CAL crawled back
and took the place of the in
jured gunner. We were without
guns for three minutes Finally
Moore hollered, 'Okay, Jim, let
the have It,
$50 I dived toward the big
gest carrier and prayed"
Engaging through anti-aircraf
fire, Muir headed at the carrier
and dropped his torpedo. tn,
shock rocked the carrier. Their
navy and marine dive bomber,
came in for the kill.
DARING PILOT MISSING
Another of the bombers wa,
'piloted by Lieut.. Bill Watson o
Rockport, Ill. Captain Collins san
he saw Watson diving on a carrier
and sending a load of bomb.
crashing into the ships side. The
head-on gunfire was fierce a.
Watson's plane went hedge hopping
over the carrier and into the water
on the other side. Watson has no.
been seen since.
Muri's plane had 500 bullet hole.
when it returned to Midway. II,
praised the performance of tn,
navy and marine fliers.
"One marine taking of from
Midway could not get up his
landing gear" he said. He was
unable to fight so he flew 40
feet of the ground and sucked
in Jap Zeros in front of our
anti-aircraft guns.
1.-THE marines got three Japs
that way"
The army torpedo planes wer,
in the air for 3 hours and /,
minutes of actual fighting.
Two of the four planes did no
return.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-06-13
Army Air Torpedoes.
Sink Jops at Midwoy
Bombers Garry Deadly Missiles
First Time With Telling Effect
BY FRANK NELL
Init News Service Stan Correspondent

PEARL HARBOR, Hawaii. June
13.-United States Army bombing
planes in the fierce air and sea en-
gagement off Midway carried tor
pedoes into battle for the first time
and with those powerful missiles
smashed two Jap aircraft carriers,
ii was disclosed today.
Commander MUIR f. Arnold,
chief of the United States car
rier bombing group, revealed
that American torpedo and dive
bombers had certainly de-
stroyed three Japanese aircraft
carriers and possibly a fourth
in the Battle of Midway.
(Arnold said that more than
200 japanese planes and about
4,500 men were lost in the
sinkings.)
Four gallant army bomber
crews, equipped with one heavy
torpedo apiece. flew a charmed
path through 20 "hellish" miles of
soaring anti-aircraft fire to un-
leash a devastating blow on the
Japanese invasion fleet.
When their anti-aircraft fire
failed to stop the low-flying Amer
lean airmen, japanese battleships
fired large salvoes into the water
in a futile attempt to send up
geysers of water in the hope OF
swapping the planes out Of the
air.
500 BULLET HOLES
One of the American craft re-
turned to Midway with 500 bullet
holes.
Probably the most disappointed
member of the crews was one navi
gator who rode through the entire
battle behind the vitals of the
plane and out of sight Of all action
The story of the army bomber!
was told by Capt. James F. Col
Inns, %, of Meridian. Miss; Lieut.
Thomas Weems, 25, of Model
Tenn, and Lieut.. James B. Muir
%, of Miles City, Mont.
Captain Collins said the foul
torpedo carrying bombers were the
first army planes to attack the
Jap carrier force discovered by
navy ply scout planes.
1--WE took off from Midway ut
Z a. m.," he said. -Four planes
were loaded with one torpedo
apiece. The navy and the marine
dive-bombers followed and an
hour later came the main force
of the army's bombers.
1--WE saw the Jap fleet at the
same time they spotted us. This
was about 100 nilesr from Mid
way. The PBSYS WIRE taking up
the Jap ack-ack fire when we
roared down from the sun.
VISIBILITY POOR
visibility was poor. We were
almost on the objective before
we saw IL.
"Our orders were to get the
carriers-and we were after
bear meat.
1.-THE anti-aircraft fire was
thicker than syrup as IL spouted
from the Jap ships. We zoomed
In through the middle of q ter
rifle barrage ring. Jap Zeros
were hot on my tail.
II saw three big Jap air car
riers In q battle line. One OF 'em
was alone. 1 picked out that
baby. I pulled out of the dive
above the wave tops and winged
In between two fire-spitting Jap
cruisers. The wall of gunfire
was so heavy I did not think 1
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-06-13
All u. 5. TO Join
Hunt for Scrap
Rubber Monday
President Makes Radio
Plea for 100000 Tons
TO Swell War Supply
By PHILLIPS j. PECK
'rs,, Neu. Service stan Correspondent

INIT NeUN rfrNtce Stah a"''o-P
WASHINGTON. June Is. -
Squared by direct appeal from
president Roosevelt. 35,0oo,0OO
American householders today
reared themselves for a gigantic
scavenger hunt" - turning the
Familiar neighborhood pastime into
|the deadly serious game of col
becting scrap rubber for United
States planes to bomb Toxic and
berlin.
Officially, the whirlwind drive
gets under way at 1901 a. m.
MONDAY and terminates. at mid
night, June 30.
From the Atlantic seaboard TO
khe Pacific coast, 100000 filling
citations were set TO serve as col
Election depots"; 1000 local sal
Mage committees were primed for
notion: governors and mayors
ISSUED last-minute appeals and the
|eitizenry rooted through cellars
Ind attics for tires. tubes, rubber
Rloves and raincoats.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-06-13
100 PLANES DESTROYED

Added TO that, said the navy de-
partment, was "the loss of more
than 100 aircraft" by the enemy.
The navy stated that the battle
began early in March when the
japanese were observed concen-
trating transports and combatant
ships in the ports OF Salamaua
and Lac. on the island of New
Guinea, apparently for an assault
on the British-New Guinea-Aus-
Itralian stronghold of Port
Moresby on the south coast of the
island.
The Occupation OF Port
Moresby," said the communique.
would have afforded the enemy
strategicaIly located advance
base from which promptly 10
make further attack on
Northern Australia"
United States and Australian
shore based planes had attacked
both Salamaua and Lac numerous
times, but on March 10 aircraft
from a Pacific fleet task force
under command of Vice Admiral
Wilson Brown. joined in the at.
tack. The result, the communicate
said, was.
THE sinking OF or damage TO
more than 20 Japanese ships
and heavy damage 10 shore In
stallatiOns."
.
RUINED JAP PLANS
That disrupted the enemy plans
the department stated. and de.
layed for two months any attempt
10 move southwark
In April. reconnaissance planes
reported another Japanese con.
centration, and in early May the
enemy advanced and seized base.
on the Solomon and Louisiadt
Islands.
\ On May 4 a United States Pa
cific feet task force under com.
mand Of Rear Admiral Frank r
Fletcher caught part OF the Japa
pese forces completely by sur
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-06-13
Registered U. s. Patent ONCE

damaged and set fire during prise in the harbor OF fuag
succeeded the Solomons and all but
extingushng flames Sew initiated them Results OF tn
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-06-13
Enemy Lands on Most
Westward Area. Ships
Sighted in Kiska Harbor

CONTINUED from Page One)
to thwart two South Pacific mva-
sion thrusts of the enemy.
That battle. II is now revealed
was prelude to the great air
naval Battle of Midway, which
ragged for several days late last
week.
Evening star., 1942-09-23
Unique Arrangement

In asserting last week that the oil
industry is doing its part to hasten
victory-"doing it patriotically, eff
GENTLY, unstintingly, indefatigably''-
Secretary Ickes set something of a
precedent in improved relations with
big business"
Describing what he called the
unique arrangement" between the
Office Of Petroleum Co-ordinator for
War, which he heads, and the oil
industry, Mr.. Ickes said that it has
been possible to work together Gin
close and cordial understanding from
the beginning and every day the tie
grows stronger" Among the benefl-
cial results of this new relationship,
he said, was the remarkable increase
in production Of 100-octane gasoline,
which year ago was a meager 10000
barrels day and which now is "far
beyond what any one had believed
even remotely possible"
When the imperative need for high
octane gasoline as war weapon be-
came evident, Mr.. Ickes said, his staff
of experts surveyed the problem and
took certain proposals to the oil in
dustry. 1--WE told it what we wanted
1t to do" he said, "and told 1t what
its country needed. Quickly the in
dustry gave its answer. The owners
of patents slashed their royalty rates.
The reiners pooled their patents,
their knowledge, their facilities, their
raw materials, their products. They
put their own experts to work on the
problem of increasing production
from existing plants, improving
methods, getting new plants under
way. The additional facilities now
under construction will give Herr
Schickelgruber the worst headache
that he has ever had"
These words of commentator
must have been received with graft
tude by the members of the industry
both large and small, and particu-
larly by Standard Oil of New Jersey,
which has been the target of re-
morseless and harassing attacks by
certain New Dealers in the Depart
ment OF Justice and the Truman
Committee because of its pre-war
connections with the I. G. Farben-
industrie of Germany. 1t was through
this tie-up, according to Standard
OIL officials, that the processes for
making high-octane gasoline were
acquired. but at one point the COM
pany nevertheless was accused by
Senator Truman of treason"
Against this background, Mr.. Ickes'
statement serves the desirable pur-
pose of putting the record straight.
1t is timely tribute to the oil indus
try and to Mr.. Ickes' willingness to
give credit where credit is due.
Evening star., 1942-09-23
Not Altogether FruitIess

The Commissioners started out
many months ago to review all
privately owned tax-exempt property
In the District with a view to making
a. substantial amount of it taxable.
Under the measure agreed to yester-
day by the Senate District Committee,
none OF this property will 60 back
on the tax lists and some property
now taxed may be given exemption.
80 much for the Commissioners
pains. But it would be erroneous to
conclude that their efforts have been
In vain. The Commissioners have
made one of the best possible demon
strations of why the question of tax
exemption has such an important
bearing on the National Govern
ment's financial obligation in support
Of the National Capital. And old
statutes on tax exemption have been
clarified.
Almost half of the real property
In the District is exempt from taxa
tion, the major part of it being
owned by the Government and for
eign powers. But about a thousand
acres of District real estate is pri-
vately owned and a large part OF
this is owned by institutions and
enterprises which have located here
because this is the Capital of the
United States.
There is no disputing most of the
claims for tax exemption, put forward
by many Of these institutions on the
ground that they do not operate for
private gain and that they serve, in
one way or another, the interests of
the people of the United States. The
injustice arises when the tax exemp-
ton they enjoy becomes, in sense,
q charge against the people of the
District of Columbia instead of all
the people OF the Nation. Congress
should measure this tax-exempt
property in fixing the amount of its
lump-sum payment and view the
lump sum in part as a payment in
lieu of taxes which the District can
not collect.
This principle has been recognized
and has found support from members
of Congress during the course OF
hearings on the tax-exempt property
measures in House and Senate legis-
lative committees. 1t has been recog-
nized and supported in the Senate
Appropriations Committee. But until
the same principle finds recognition
In the House Appropriations Com
nittee, the District of Columbia will
continue to suffer from long
standing inequity which grows more
marked each year.
Evening star., 1942-09-23
New Overtime Bill

The rewritten overtime bill for
classified Federal employees is getting
a new start in the Senate, and the
objectives at which it aims bespeak
its careful consideration.
The principal beneflciaries would
be the thousands of Office workers
who now 60 uncompensated for extra
labor. BY statute their work week
is thirty mine hours, but the war has
caused this to be heightened to forty
four and in some instances, forty
eight. The bill proposes to fix the
minimum work week at forty four
hours and pay time and one-half for
hours over forty. This is the over
time scale provided for private in
dustry by the Wage and Hour Act,
and it also is the rate paid generally
to the skilled trades in the Govern
ment, Under ceiling provision, the
hourly overtime rate would be based
on the first $4,000 of an individuals
salary.
The measure is backed by the ad-
ministration and is offered as an off
set to the increased cost of living.
1t differs somewhat from the original
overtime bill which was stymied in
the House Civil Service Committee
earlier in the year by demands of
some postal and skilled trades unions
for an overall pay increase. While
the bill still fails to meet the stand
ards for which these protestants
argue, it makes some concessions to
the postal workers both as to over
time and by providing a fiat increase
for groups which cannot operate on
an overtime schedule. Wisely it would
seem, at the opening of hearings be-
fore the Senate Civil Service Com
mittee, some union spokesmen urged
that this measure, adoption of which
would mean the application of an
important principle in the classified
service, be disposed of on its merits,
and that the question of a general
pay raise be held in allegiance until
a national policy is defined by Con-
gress in the pending wage and price
stabilization legislation.
An advantage that administrative
officers see In the measure is that it
will help to cut down the tremendous
personnel overturn that now is run
ming better than 40 per cent in the
field service, and twice that figure in
Washington. Relief in this situation
obviously Is to be desired.
Evening star., 1942-09-23
Conde Mast

Because he never sought popular
recognition of his genius, Conde
Mast was known to only small
minority of his countrymen. Yet
his influence from 1909 onward until
his death on Saturday last touched
the life of the average American
in such manner as to earn for him
the distinction of being one of the
most notably powerful characters
of his time He was publisher by
profession, but the title is made
quate in application to his work. 1t
would be more accurate to speak of
him as an artist who made use of
printing to gain the creative ends
he sought. And his objectives, let
1T be understood, were nothing less
than the improvement and democ-
ratization of modern civilization.
Mr.. Mast was New Yorker by
birth. His education, however, he
obtained at Georgetown University;
and it was here in Washington that
he became acquainted with Robert
Collier, the friend who, in 1900, per-
suaded him to relinquish his inten-
ton to devote his talents to the
practice OF law and to take up
instead a career as advertising man.
ager of the Collier magazines. Nine
years later he purchased Vogue; in
1918 he established Vanity Fair. On
the pages of those two periodicals
particularly he spread the lessons
of good taste" and discrimination
which he wanted to teach. Thus he
educated many other cultural forces.
Some of his business rivals had the
wit to initiate him. He taught Hol-
lywood and Miami the meaning of
"class" The magic touch which he
brought to domestic design released
beauty everywhere. He instructed
women in the duty OF being lovely.
The dress patterns manufactured
and distributed under his direction
changed the whole traditional con-
cept of costume esthetics. Through
House and Garden he wrought SIM
liar miracle in architecture and
home furnishing and decoration.
His attitudes were conservative, yet
he had broad social visions which
gradually he realized to the benefit
of the entire race.
a It has been remarked of Mr.. Mast
that the world to which he belonged
probably has disappeared; and the
Evening star., 1942-09-23
Hoskin's Answers
To Questions
By Frederic J. Hasktn.

A reader can get the anstcer to any
question OF fact BY ,prttine The EUe.
ming Star Information Bureau, Fred.
eric J. Hdskin. director, Washington,
D. c. Please inclose stamp for return
postage.
@. How many telephone calls does the
War Department handle In 3 day.
H. We.
A. At the present time the War De-
partment receives more than 5000 calls
daily.
@. When animals travel in herds, does
a male always lead thcm?-T. NJ. D.
A. Mammals, in many instances, are
led by female. whereas birds generally
prefer a male leader. Observers have
reported that elephants are almost In
variably led by female. and this Is
also true of wild deer and giraffes.
@. Is there an estimate OF how long
world stores of petroleum are likely to
last?-R. T. e.
A. 1t has been estimated that world
reserves of petroleum will last only about
IS years at the present rate Of with
drawal.
Evening star., 1942-09-23
Better Strike Outlook

An encouraging aspect of the war
labor picture is the increasing evil
dence that the labor leaders them
selves are fully aware of the i'm
potance, both to the country and to
labor, of preventing strikes-not Just
some Of them but all OF them.
In a recent address to the United
Mine Workers, Philip Murray, presi-
dent of the CIO, called on all union
members to keep the no-strike pledge.
Let's have no more strikes" he said.
Its terribly important. Let nothing
stand in the way of production The
country is bigger than any union"
In similar vein, John Green, presi-
dent OF the CIO shipbuilding workers,
whose members went on strike last
week at Mobile, has denounced Ger
tain individuals" in labor's ranks
who do not realize we are fighting
Hitler and who ignore the welfare of
the Nation at large"
IF this trouble making does not
stop" he said, "the rank and file of
loyal union members will take steps
to get rid of the trouble makers. Any
delay or stoppage of work today can
be considered direct aid to the
enemy"
Pursuing the same general theme,
William Green, AFL president, told
the American Legion convention that
80 per cent of 'our people" were
keeping the no-strike pledge. Al
though declaring that it might be
impossible to get AFL members to
live up to the pledge 100 per cent,
Mr.. Green promised that the Fedora
ton would try to make perfect
record.
1t remains to be seen whether
these verbal assurances will be or can
be translated into that full degree
| of labor cooperation which is so
necessary to the winning of the war
But the Importance of the avowed
determination of these labor leaders
to keep their no-strike pledges
should not be underestimated. It is
| long step forward, and If they are