davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-11-15

lunlSla Is BlzerCe, on the Mediterranean,
which has been al
French Troops most completely dis
Resist Nozis mantled by the italian
Armistice Commission
that has been in Tunisia. 1t is possible
that the Axis will not vigorously defend
Tunisia, with the view that it is
hopeless cause and that Germany and
Italy can be better occupied in prepar-
ing the southern, Mediterranean, shore
of Europe, to resist invasion from
Africa. French troops in Tunisia be-
gan Friday to resist the arriving Axis
troops.
The triumphs in West Africa were
matched by Allied triumphs of Gen.
Montgomery in Egypt in East Africa. On
Friday his men re-entered a familiar
station on the road of battle in the
Libyan desert-Tobruk. The British
troops were moving ahead so fast that
the air forces were having difficulty in
developing bases in pace with the ad-
vance. BY Wednesday most of Marshal
Erwin Rommel's army had been pushed
out of Egypt which it entered last June
with a momentum that threatened to
carry it to the Nile and the Suez Canal.
To push the Axis back from Ell Ala
mein, in Egypt, to Tobruk meant an
advance of about 300 miles for the 9Th
Army. The whole African front stretches
$500 miles, from Ell Alamein to Agadir.
But the 9th Army's success Is not yet
Evening star., 1942-11-15
SWOPE AND YOUNG GO BACK TO WORK
Famous Industrial Team Called Out of Retirement

NEW YORK.-OWen D. Young stretched
his long body with deceptively lazy air
and bent forward across the massive
desk; he picked up kitchen match from
pile in tray and struck it vigorously
on the underside of the desk.
He puffed energetically a couple of
times at long curved briar, around the
stem of which were several thicknesses
of adhesive tape, blew out the match and
flung it toward large spittoon Having
repeated this ritual several times and at
last attaining a good laugh, he settled
back in a pleasant cloud of smoke and
smiled.
The smile behind the smoke widened
and the words were delivered with a kind
OF preternaturaly humorous gravity.
II like this resurrection so we'll that
I'm less apprehensive about the next
one
On November II, 1899, speaking of
himself and Gerard Swope, president of
General Electric. in a letter of resigna-
ton to the board of directors Mr.. Young
had said:
I'VE took up these Offices together and
We wish to lay them down together"
Famous Collaboration.
This they had done on January l, 1910,
Mr.. Swope relinquishing his post to
Charles Edward Wilson, Mr. Young
turning over his duties to Philip D. Reed
Mr.. Swope had become honorary presi-
dent, Mr.. Young, honorary chairman
thpV l,oc ck
Mr.. Swope put it. lin the emergency
because Mr.. Wilson resigned to become
chairman Of the Production Executive
Committee of the War Production Board,
and Mr.. Reed was granted a leave of
absence also to serve the WPB.
Both men, Mr.. Swope, almost 70, and
Mr.. Young, just past his 68th birthday,
seem quietly pleased to resume the IA
nous collaboration which had made
General Electric one of the worlds great
est corporations, and G. E., of course,
was happy to re-establish them, Mr..
Swope on the 45th floor, Mr.. Young on
the 47th.
My friends were glad to see me back"
Mr.. Swope said. Some of them had said
had retired prematurely. Well, think
this merely proves they were right"
This was not to say that he should
have stayed at his desk instead OF retir-
Ing. He and Mr.. Young agreed that men
should quit at IS, Mr.. Swope emphasiz-
ing particularly the point OF giving
younger men chance.
Likes Riding Best.
But, while he had officially cut himself
loose from the presidency, Mr.. Swope
had retained his dictatorship and always
had been available for consultation. Mr..
Young had done likewise, and both had
retained Offices in the General Electric
Building at Fifty-first street and Lexing-
ton avenue.
Outside Of c. E. the two men had
turned their energies to good use. Mr..
Swope busted himself for time as chair
man Of the New York Housing Au-s
thority and also as an assistant to the
Secretary Of the Treasury, and even now
Evening star., 1942-11-15
Out Of Retirement

He stopped to pick up another of the
kitchen matches and struck it again on
the underside of the desk, looking highly
amused as he puffed.
(He always uses kitchen matches: has
never caught up with those modern
safety things. Down here he used the
underside of his desk for striking
board. Up in the country he uses the
seat of his pants)
I'D been in chains for Is years." he
went on. II know now when 1 get up
that have my calendar fixed for me.
It's the simple difference between dis
cipline and freedom"
He came back to the matter of his
retirement.
Il was always available when the
Offices of General Electric wanted me"
he said. Naturally, questions came up
on which could help, especially in liti-
cation involving things which I knew
in my time. I kept in touch with the
business of the company and received
the reports which went to the execu-
tives.
Il must make 1t plain, though, that
it was complete retirement. I had no
affirmative responsibilities. Beyond that
I assumed responsibility on request. The
responsibility was theirs. I became an
aide only when called upon. That means
retirement from responsibility.
There's wide chasm between being
responsible and being an aide. In one
case you sleep nights; in the other you
don't y
Role Of Public Opinion.
Both men will be glad to resume
theatergoing and other urban activities
Both, too, have ideas about postwar
developments, but Mr.. Swope said: THAT
can wait for another day."
Mr.. Young, however, who had been
mentioned seriously number of times
as contender for the Democratic nomi-
nation for President, was less reticent
though he confined his remarks to one
phase of the problems to come with the
wars end.
MY experience with problems grow
ing out of the last war showed me that
the leaders Of democratic governments
were never able to do quite what they
thought was the wise thing. They al
ways had to do what they thought public
opinion of their country would support
After a war, public opinion for a
period is highly emotional. The notion
OF penalties for the losers is very strong
Families which have suffered losses feel
they must be vindicated.
During that period it is difficult 70,
a leader Of a democratic government
to do what he thinks is the wisest He
can view the question effectively, dis
rassionately and know what is best to
Go. But If he ignores public opinion he
loses his job.
$50 the important thing becomes a
matter Of ignoring the problems until
public opinion quiets down or keep the
problems SO forcefully before the public
that they won't be acted on with undue
restraint"
Evening star., 1942-11-15

The march shifts the wartime political
balance of power. The first Yankee
soldiers who stepped ashore in Morocco
and Algiers from the foaming water
erased the Vichy gov
Turkey Now ernment as political
In Donoer consideration for the
United States. The ar
rival of American soldiers in French
Africa was the signal for the arrival of
Axis soldiers in Unoccupied France de-
spite the armistice of 1910 that was sup
posed to keep that region inviolate. The
occupation of France revealed completely
the weakness of Vichy, and it is of no
consequence now what is done by Mar
shal PETAL and Pierre Laval. To COM
pensate for her prospective loss of all
use of Africa, Germany will need Tur-
key more than ever before, and an Axis
assault on that country's neutrality is
likely.
Great battles and hard going remain
ahead before the Axis tumbles. The
Mediterranean is yet to be crossed to
Europe. Africa is only the prelude, but
1t is the prelude to Allied success as
Poland was the prelude to Axis success
Real victory for our countrys North
African expedition yet depends on sue
cess in the one area where the Yankee
soldiers might meet firm resistance
Tunisia, to which Hitler has sent troops
The triumphs in Morocco and Algiers,
whose defending forces were, with
slight exceptions, friendly to the Amer
lean arrival, are feats less of arms than
of diplomacy, because the soldiers moved
in over carpet laid by secret negotia-
tors. But the triumphs, however gained,
ring a great bell. The attack tolls the
doom of Germany and Italy.
Evening star., 1942-11-15
Brown
Continued From Page BID

have treated with such lack of human
ity in the last two years, they will de-
fend themselves to the bitter end
They may strengthen even more their
ties with the Japanese who continue, in
mons, to be a serious menace to the
United States. But on the other hand,
it is appreciated in military quarters In
Washington that once the Germans
begin to see that the game is coming to
an end and that they are going to be
the losers, they will, as in 1918, try to
squirm out the best they can provided
they believe that only small group-the
Nazi leaders-is going to suffer for their
defeat In this connection it is empha-
sized in responsible quarters in Wash
ington that Premier Josef Stalins speech
on November 7, holding out hope for
the German people once they overthrow
their Nazi masters, was skillful piece
of diplomacy.
At the present the Nazis are rushing
| important reinforcements into Italy
where the situation is reliably reported
as desperate from the Axis point of view.
Mussolini and the few henchmen who
still stick by him don't dare show their
faces in public.
| On the other hand, whenever King
Victor Emanuel, and on occasions, Field
Marshal Badoglio, make public appear
ance, they are Justify cheered by the
starved and peace-hungry civilians. The
Germans have no illusions as to what
the Italians would do should a single
Allied regiment apear on the shores of
Italy. The italian divisions which have
proved so hesitant in fighting the Allies
might become real fighters if they were
sent once more, as in 1918, against the
| Germans.
! 1t is estimated that with the reinforce
ments expected to reach Italy in the
course of this month, the number Of Nazi
divisions in Italy will be between IL and
Is. A large number of planes are being
sent to Sicily which offers the Luftwaffe
an excellent base for operations in the
Mediterranean. There is every indica-
ton that the Nazis are preparing strong
defensive positions to seal up the Medi.
terranean back door so as to make it i'm
possible for the Allies to invade Europe
from that region.
They are said to feel confident that
Italy can be organized into as nearly
an impregnable position as it is possible
to construct these days. Once they feel
sure these defenses cannot be broken,
they will resume their offensive opera
tions against the U. s. S. r. This is
believed to be the theory Of the Nazi gen.
eral staff. The Nazi military men, how
ever, do not take into consideration the
human equation which played them false
in 1918 and is likely to repeat the trick
again in the Second World War.
In spite Of these favorable indications,
responsible military quarters in WASH
| ington are issuing warning signals mot
to count the chickens before they are
hatched'
There is still q very heavy fight ahead
Of us. Many severe losses and even set
backs are still in store, should the Nazi
human equation fail to work In this war.
We have been extremely successful in
the North African operations and for
once Lady Luck has been on our side.
Evening star., 1942-11-15
Mediterranean Front

In the middle of October, when the
United States was wondering how far
of might be the day for an American
strike at the European Axis, silent
submarine halted in the waters off North
Evening star., 1942-11-15
Americas Forty-Ninth Week of War
067th Week of World War III
By Blair BoHes.

the attack Is on The day Hitler ended
foces OF the United States augmented
son great stretch Of French North Africa
region OF green hills desert white
history ancient
There the fanatic Moors
world War he Agadir ndn
ahere
The whole of world strategy exciting
march which Americans carried
numbered $50 ships have
First Facilitates the Allied operations
Gen Montgomery
Ing the back Marshal
the Nazis divert with
the threat from the Mediterranean Third the
short
and China for the Fourth the waiting
Evening star., 1942-11-15
initiative Passes United Nations Occupation

complete. British troops have been to
Tobruk before and far beyond. In the
war for Africa nothing is certain.
Evening star., 1942-11-15

The base of the Axis defense in
Tunisia is Bizerte, on the Mediterranean,
Evening star., 1942-04-19
Here's a new way 70
get acquainted: Be
an AFRAID warden

w my instructions from the
Chief AFRAID Warden said:
Establish personal contacts with
all residents in your territory"
That was the hard part. Ofhand,
I'd prefer hand-to-hand struggle
with the Japs.
Some of my neighbors 1 did
not know at all. 1t was, in most
cases, just the usual big-city
indifference. In other cases,
there was even a little feuding.
The people in the gray bunga-
low halfway down the hill, at the
turn Of the road, keep chickens.
We keep a black cocker spaniel.
One day the cocker got at the
Rhode Island Reds and there was
the devil and $4.75 to pay. After
that we never looked at the gray
bungalow as we sailed past.
Up the road a few houses lived
The Ogre. He and his wife "a
wife and passel OF kin - had
only dirty looks for all of us, for
no reason we knew of. But we
considered it good form to return
the dirty looks.
We were particularly annoyed
at the old couple in the brown
house by the eucalyptus grove.
They were, we had heard, British.
Evidently they were the super
aloof type of British, because
whenever we smiled at them in
passing. we received only blank
stares. That froze us up.
And there were the Honeymoon
ers in the Dolls House two lots
away. who had just moved in.
We never saw them at all. We
assumed they both worked.
The other neighbors were
just human ciphers as far as
we were concerned.
And now ] had to establish
personal contacts" with them.
| screwed up my courage and
decided to get the Rhode Island
Red people out OF the way first.
did a cowardly thing. took our
two-year-old baby girl with me.
figured maybe they wouldn't
massacre the father of a young
child even if he owned a chicken
killing cocker.
AS the baby and walked slowly
toward the gray bungalow / re-
hearsed a formal speech to be
given when handed the occupants
the Air-Raid-Instruction Notice.
Il have been appointed Air
Raid Warden for this hill. :. >"
We walked up to the door and |
rang the bell. The woman owner
OF the Rhode Island Reds appeared.
| gulped and started into my
speech. but she cut me short.
Evening star., 1942-04-19

Come in, come inr' she said
cordially. Il want to find out all
about the AFRAID warnings. You're
just in time for a piece of fried
chicken. too"
A half-hour later my child and
| came forth, both of us gorged
with chicken, and |, in addition,
full of amazement at discovering
that this much-feared housewife
was really a delightful Southerner
with a magic skillet and a forgiv-
ing nature. She had even asked
after the health of our cocker.
Next
IHEN we called on the battling
British couple.
The elderly wife came in re-
sponse to our knock. She was less
han three feet from where we
stood. She peered uncertainty at
my face. | realized suddenly that
she could barely see me; she was
almost blind. | hastened to intro
duce myself and explain my call.
"Oh, I'm glad to meet you,"
she cried. ''We've both been so
anxious to get acquainted. but
we don't see well. :"
This time the baby and | had
tea and plum tarts. We learned
that one of their sons was in our
Navy. another in the Army.
We finally tore ourselves away,
with promises to return soon.
Thus buoyed, we tackled The
Ogre and his brood. And it turned
out that the dirty looks had not
been dirty looks at all, but rather
a kind of fierce shyness because
The Ogre was naturalized Aus
TRAN and feared we looked down
upon him as a possible enemy
alien or something.
When we left, it was late. So we
decided to leave a blank at the
Honeymooners' house, But just
as we slipped the card in the mail
slot, the door opened. There stood
the bride herself. looking woebe-
gone and thin.
I'm sorry, didn't know you
were home" | apologized. Here
are some AFRAID instructions.
Thank you," she said, smiling.
We're from Wisconsin and
don't know anybody here, so Just
stay in the house all day"
We'll. we'll fix that up" said
"I'll tell my wife to come visit"
"Oh. would your she exclaimed,
and her whole face lighted up.
We went home then, the baby
and | /; the baby bilious, and pen
sive.
Since then ! have met the rest
of my AFRAID charges - and
found out all about three expected
babies, a boy who was on the bat
tleship Arizona, two bedridden
cripples and budding romance.
Incidentally. I've also found out
who the real American people are.
They're my neighbors.
-ED AiHsw0RTH
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-08-13
Livestock Markets
DE- ROT

CATTLE Receipts. 500 slaughter steers.
ytarlings and she stock moderately active.
fully steady; bulls steady, stockers and
feeders slow. Load good TO choice light fed
steers held above SIS: medium 10 good
shortfed steers held above Sif. native grass
steers. Si3 down few common around
$40 SO y n so; load 720.lb. Southwest mixed
grAss -AteerR and hsifeFs, STA rs: load 500.
N. Canadian grass heiiers, Si225: common
~ good grass beef cows 50 1911; mixed
feshy cutter and common cows sround
~ 30. cRaners and cutters mainly S875m
20 most weighty sausaEe bulls Sli so ~
II IS. odd head strictly good 20 Si2. com
mon and medium bulls. Ss1il25.
CALVES Receipts. $50. vealsrs mostly
steady. spots soc lower than early Tuesday.
Practical top ana bulk good and choice
gfsdes Si1; common and medium. ti3a 10.
HOGS Receipts 500: market steady 10
10 cents higher. weights $50 lbs upwards
lighter averages and other classes steady
Practical top 20 small killers. $500 on
Zu0-22O-ih. averages small lots SIs2S.
most 1S0-2t0-lb averages. xi5nis 10,
.2ta-300-lh. weights xt455aifs5 300 400.
-. heaWes 1880 u IS. m1st $50 is0-lb
lFhu, Slt 50 10 bulk sows. SIS 50 bes'
'igh's S3.T5
sHFEP Receipts 500 snting lamb,
ttsacy 10 wesk sheep strong Good u
choice native spring lambs St51 IS SO
popular pfice So Is with buck disuounts-
q some Eood % choice slaughter ewes
hid above 81 30, common and medium
ewes. Sigses.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-08-13
Retail Trade
Still Soaring

Despite the public's first con-
sideration being winning OF the
war and 10 some extent subiuga-
ton of all other matters. retail
volume figures indicate definite
Improvement for July as compared
with preceding months report OF
the Detroit Retail Merchants AS
ISOLATION.
Department store dollar sales
volume for July this year was
1853 per cent better than July,
19f1, and sos per cent above July.
1910. The year to date is 17.S per
cent above the same period
of l94l.
In the speciality store group
July volume is 20 per cent above
July, 1871, and 1914 per cent
ahead of July. 1910. and for year
so far exceeds 1871 by approx
l8 per cent.
In the miscellaneous group.
where figures show'a greater vari-
alton, the average improvement
over July, 194l, is 10.1 per cent
gainst a so per cent improvement
over same month OF 1910. Year 10
date is 1873 per cent ahead OF
year ago.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-08-13
Dealers Hear
.GMC War Plans

GMC truck dealers from Michl-
gan and adjacent states are in
Detroit today 10 review the Gen.
eral Motors truck and coach war
time service program and to form.
,ulate plans for the coming months
The truck conservation plan
TO keep Americas 100000 trucks
II oIIing for victory, recently
launched by the Office Of Defense
Transportation, makes such a
meeting OF particular value al this
time.
Among the General Motors
truck and coach officials attend
ing the meeting will be T. 3
Cookery Jr,, manager wholesale
sales: A. A. Shantz. assistant gen.
eral parts and service manager
II. T. DeHart, manager of adver.
Using. and r. C. Woodhouse. sales
and service merchandising mana
ger
Dealer representation will be
from Green Bay. Wis F; South Bend
indianapolis and Fort Wayne
Ind; Charleston. w. Va. Colum.
bus, Dayton. Lima and Toledo. o..
Flint and Grand Rapids. Mich.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-08-13
Chicago Group
Getsloader Data

CHICAGO. Aug. -. - Modern
ization Of the common box car TO
transport war products and essen
tial civilian necessities with total
elimination Of damage to goods in
transit through use of his utility
loader was described here today
by Edward s. Evans Jr.. executive
vice president of Evans Products
Company, Detroit. at a special
session of the traffic committee OF
the Chicago Association OF Com
lmercc.
The meeting was attended by
the traffic heads representing 40C
shippers of the Chicago area. to-
gether with officers from the army
Ordnance department. the quar-
termaster corps and the navy. in
terested in the safe shipment of
war materials from this area.
The utility loader was developed
by Evans and is now in successful
use by three railroads. principally
in the transport of vital war prod
ucts. In the 200 loads shipped to
date not single instance of dam
age TO goods has been reported.
Evans told the shippers.
Use of the loader. Evans told
the shippers group, not only per-
mits capacity loading of box cars,
but also provides scientific means
for definitely removing all slack
from loads. enabling shipments to
be made 10 destination without
damage and without the use OF
costly hand-buiIt dunnage.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-08-13
.AFL Opposes
Salary Limit

WASHINGTON, Aug. 13 uNS)
The American Federation OF
Labor today opposed President
Rooscvelt'S proposal TO limit in
comes 10 S25 900 a year.
Raymond G.. Crapch. economist
for the AFL told the Senate
finance committee that such a
limit would cause many business
men 10 restrict their activities.
reduce their war effort and de-
crease employment Of labor,
There will. of course. be In
creaslng taxation, In accordance
with capacity 10 pay. but the
nation would. indeed, he short
sighted 10 limit the productivity
of its big businessmen by such
nm arbitrary and inflexible rule"
II the Presidents limit is inn
posed, he said, there should be
special exemptions for high salar.
les for war industries, he said.
The ALL voted opposition to
sales taxes. business taxes so
heavy that company engaged in
war work would be hampered.
taxes on freight charges. any pay
roll taxes except social securities
leVies.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-08-13
On the Business Front

borrower unless the euarantoi
makes a specific added allowance
During the period OF waiver, tho
borrower pays no interest or fees
Whatsoever on the suspended por'
ton Of his loan. However, durins
this period. the guarantor tgov'
ernment pays. 10 the bank OF
lending institution the interest
less fees payable for the guaran'
teed portion which would normally
be due. or pa per cent which.
ever Is the smaller.
Normally only If less than a
fourth OF his total contracts are
Cancelled. does the war contrac.
tor lose this protection.
The V loans are applicable Il
any contracts with the army. navy
or maritime commission and any
commercial bank can make loans
under the act.
Bankers conccde that it's tho
finest thing from both the bor-
rowers and the lending institutions
standpoint that's been conceived Il
date.
SO il you are doing war work
and anticipate the need for financ.
ing. investigate the V loan
It's n Y for a victory for war
contractors.