davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1942-12-17
VINO Issues Order

(Continued From Page One
tracing agency for which the plant
produces war materials.
Members of the Advisory Board,
who helped decide upon the program,
particularly the labor representatives,
emphasized that it was not a 'freez-
ing" order, but a voluntary stabiliZa-
ton to provide for transfers in an
orderly way, and to encourage trans
ferS in cases where workers are not
employed at their highest sllillS.
How Workers Can Change Jobs
Under the terms of the order, EN-
plOycrs will refuse to hire or solicit
workers from the other essential in.
dustries unless the applicant presents
IA certificate of release from his cur
rent employer.
The certificates are to be issued
when worker is not employed at his
highest skill, or when he is employed
only part of the time at his highest
skill If, after the transfer, the Origi-
nal employer is able to use the worker
tl HIS IId Allhull SNlii, HS hi''E pV iS
called In the case of approved trans
ferS, the worker retains his seniority
with his original employer, but does
not accumulate further rights.
Appeal machinery is provided in
cases where a certificate of release is
denied to a worker.
Five circumstances were included
in the program which will be consd-
cred as acceptable reasons for chang
ing employment. They are:
1.-Where the worker is capable of
performing higher skilled work than
his current employer is able to pro
vide.
2.-When the worker is employed
for substantial period at less than
full time.
3.-When the distance between his
home and place of employment is un-
reasonably great, considering restric-
tions on the use of gasoline, tires and
public transportation.
4-When the worker has compelling
personal reasons for wishing To
change.
When he is employed at wages or
under working conditions substantially
less favorable than those prevailing
in the community for the kind of work
on which he is employed.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1942-12-17
Henderson Quits
One Of Two Posts
Resigns As Chief Of WPB's
Office To Give All His
Time To OPA

Washington, ID. C.-Leon Henderson,
who has been holding the two offices
of Price Administration and Chief OF
the WPB's Office of Civilian Supply,
resigned the latter post to devote his
energies entirely TO administration of
the price office.
In accepting Mr.. Henderson's resig-
nation, Donald NJ Nelson, WPB chair
man, designated Joseph l.. Weiner.
who has been deputy director of the
Civilian Supply Office, to succeed him.
In his letter Of resignation, Mr..
Henderson recalled that Mr.. Nelson, ut
his first press conference following
his appointment as WIPE chairman
had stated that he was sure Mr.. Hen
derson would be "the first one to tell
me- if the load he was carrying as
OPA head and director of the Office
of Civilian Supply became too heavy
Il reached this point some time
ago" Mr.. Henderson continued, but
have continued not only to test my
Judgment but because | felt that Joe
Weiner was doing an excellent job of
administering the divisions difficult
tasks"
Nelson Letter OF Acceptance
In accepting the resignation. Mr..
Nelson wrote To Mr.. Henderson as fol-
lows:
81 am accepting your resignation as
director of Civilian Supply in the
WIPE with greater regret than can
express because | understand fully all
of the reasons which prompt this ac-
tiOn.
while | would have preferred to
have you stay on i'm the job, ! realize
that the increased burden in the Office
of Price Administration and the in
creased Importance of the Office OF
Civilian Supply together constitute 4
job OF such magnitude, with its many
problems, that no one man should be
asked to handle it.
Your record OF achievement In help
ing To get this country ready for war
production is outstanding and should
be Il source of great satisfaction 10
YOU"
Those in close touch with both WIPE
and OPA accepted the reasons offered
by Mr.. Henderson for his resignation.
They stated that, under the severe war
economy which would prevail through
the country next year, the task of
regulating civilian supply, including
supervision of the concentration Of
many consumergOods In dustrieS IS,
would involve Il tremendous amount of
work.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1942-12-17

battle on the part of small group Of
confectionery manufacturers to dis
prove the validity and reasOnableness
of the wage order in the confectionery
industry. The wage order provides
that if a worker is called in during the
season and works less than three days.
she must be paid three days minimum
wage; if called in outside the season
she is to be paid . days minimum
wage.
1t was formerly the. custom in the
industry to call mass Of workers for
a day at time, throwing them back
on their own resources between these
brief periods of employment. Because
of the intermittent nature of the work,
the annual earnings of the workers
were insufficient to enable them to
exist without aid from relatives or
public moneys.
Wage Order Fought
To meet this problem, the Industrial
Commissioner appointed a wage board
of employers, workers and the public.
This board met in 1898 and made rec
concentrations which became Directory
Order No. 3, with guaranteed wage
as the outstanding feature.
The small group of confectioners,
whose appeal has just been rejected by
the Court of Appeals, refused to pay
a worker the minimum wage as pro-
vided in the order. They were called
in to show reason why their names
should not be published. Whereupon
they challenged the principle of n
guaranteed wage and instituted legal
proceedings which ultimately found
their way to the Court of Appeals.
Principle Not New
There is nothing new or startling in
the principle of guaranteed wage
New York state has six minimum
wage orders, and the principle of Il
guaranteed wage is involved in four of
them: the laundry, the beauty parlor,
the confectionery and hotel orders
Furthermore a great many other
states have this principle incorporated
in their minimum wage orders. The
principle is in operation also in Great
Britain.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1942-12-17
"ToP THAT 1o% BY @
NEW YEAR'S." NA
THE CERAMIC INDUSTRIES AND
THEIR PLACE in WAR EFFORTS

constitute the furnace Innings and the
our glass, and many other vital war
and peace time praslucts are produced.
| Without the marvellous progress of
recent years in developing special re-
fractories for special purposes, many
modern developments would have been
! impossible. Within the memory of most
, of us, refractories. were confined to
| brick made Of fire clay associated with
coal measures. These were satisfac-
| tory for boiler settings, household fur
naceS, and the lining of blast furnaces,
! glass tanks, etc. because we knew Of
nothing better. Then came the silica
brick which stand an enormous pres
! sure at high temperatures and made
! possible the construction of arched
! furnace roofs formerly impractical.
This was followed by the high alum
| ina brick which stands much higher
temperatures and also resistS many
corrosive SlagS and gases. The basic
refraclories We're developed when the
modern basic open hearth steels de-
lnanded Il special furnace lining and
made possible our modern steel alloys
for armor-platc and weapons. Many
= Of these special alloys demand un-
usual refractories. and the chrOmite,
mullite, and other special materials
We're developed. Progress in the steel
and other metal industries called for
ever increasing temperatures so that
Il fire brick of the First World War
period would find limited use today.
With the use of extreme tempera-
lures, the loss Of heat by radiation
became serious, and the development
of high temperature heat insulating
refracrorieS met this problem. BY their
use the thickness of wall needed to
| prevent serious heat losses and thus
conserve fuel is only Il fraction of that
normally required, while the brick
used weigh only about one-fourth that
Of the ordinary fire brick. Such re-
fractorieS reduce both space and load.
| War ships rs well as cargo vessels
can thus carry more weapons, or sup
plies
The modern lght-weight metals are
closely related 10 ceramics. Aluminium.
the familiar light weight metal, is a
| product Of aumina, one of the com
moneSt of ceramic raw materials. 1T
is refined and purified by processes
closely related 10 those of the GER
annie industry. Magnesium, the new
lightweight metal. may be produced
from magneSite, one of the chief basic
ceramic refractories and its conver-
sion To the metal form involves many
processes and devices borrowed from
the ceramic industry. With the alloys
|of aluminium and magnesium we have
lightweight metal which offers almost
unlimited development both in air, o!
water, and ON land After this war we
will be able to use these wonderful
light and non-corroding alloys III
peace-timc developments; but whether
in war or in peace, you should not
think of metals without recognizing
that without the modern developments
in ceramics, we would still be limited
10 the inferior, low-grade irons ant
: stcels of the nineteenth century.
Today, practically all metals EN-
ployed for both war and civilian pur
poses are alloys of two or more metals
and many of these must be Smelted u,
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1942-12-17
by ARTHUR 5. WATTS
Professor of Ceramic Engineering.
The Ohio State University

A thousand years ago the Greeks
had Il word Keramos which referred to
clay and pottery. The use of the term
has been expanding ever since, but
many people still think Of ceramics rs
limited to pottery. \ still larger por-
ton of the public has no idea Of its
meaning This is unfortunate because
in our daily life, or in the production
of our war needs. True, the ceramic
, industry does not produce bombcrS,
tanks, battleShipS, machine guns, or
even the explosives, but without the
modern developments of the ceramic
industries few of the essentials of war
would be available, and certainly not
in the quality and quantity demanded
by the present war program.
TO understand the meaning and
scope of ceramics YOU must understand
that all mineral resources are divided
into two groups:
|. The metallic minerals from which
our metals are extracted
>. The non-metallic minerals from
which ali ceramic products are
made
The ceramic products have IN an
nual value exceeded only by those OF
iron and petroleum. The value of GER
annie products is more than one and
one half billion dollars per year.
The ceramic industries include more
than one hundred recognized products,
most of which have several Subdivi-
sionS. Among the most important are
(a) Structural clay products iii
Guiding brick, Sewerpipe, hollow
building block, roofing tile, terra
Gotta, floor and wall tile, etc.
(b) Sanitary ware, including bath
tubs, layatories, toilets, etc.
(c) DinnerWare of all grades from
the finest which may cost more
fifty dollars per plate To the
five and ten-ccnt-store article
(N Cooking and chemical ware for
household laboratory and chcmi-
cal industry
(c) Window glass. container glass
fiber glass, optical glass, etc. for
household, industry and war
QD Refractory brick and clWciblcs
| for the steel, glass, pottery, and
powcr-producing industries
ca CcmpntS, including normal and
quick setting Portland cementS
! (h) Electrical and mechanical por
celain products
! GD Abrasives for grinding wheels
and powders
CD NitreouS cnamelS for metal coat
! ing
| (k) Filters for rubber, paper, ant
textiles
CD ThickenerS and clariticrS for the
oil industry
We cannot discuss all Of these in In,
limited space available, but YOU vii
| be interested in several of the products
which are essential to our war effort,
and which will be of equal importanc,
to our postwar life.
Probably the most important Ger
annie products in our national lif,
today are refractorieS about Whcl
the general public knows practically
nothing This is because they never
appear in the general market. The,
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1942-12-17
Green Luuds Record Of
First Year Under Fire

Washington, ID. c. ULNS).-
Every American can we'll be
proud of his country's record
during our first year under fire,
William Green declared in speak
inS on the Dec. Labor fOr
Victory" radio program. "The
treacherOrIS attack ut Pearl IIar-
bOr," headed, Caught us al
most wholly unprepared for war.
Our enemies thought they could
knock us out with that first,
cowardly blow. They know now
that they have failed"
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1942-12-17
Guaranteed Minimum Wdqe
Principle Upheld BY New
York's Court Of Appeals
Susains Power Of Industrial Commissioner In Setting
Minimum Wage Standards In Factories En-
ploYing Women And Minors

Albany, N. Y. QLNS).-In decision hailed 'momentous
victory for labor the Court of Appeals has sustained the guaan
eed minimum wage principle promulgated by the State Labor
Department under the New York State minimum law.
The court the highest in the state upheld the of the
Industrial Commissioner to fix minimum standards in
dusres employing and minors. The decision involved
wage order for the confectionery industry.
The point that living income is dependent not only
hourly and daily but also weekly made by
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1942-12-17
Workers To Produce Endless
Stream Of War Munitions
Within Year. Says AFL Chief
MilcrY Leaders Pruise Lobors Efforts And Sacrifices
Made To Produce Fighting Ships And Cargo
Vessels Ahead Of Schedule

Washington, D. C. QLNS)-American workers "are deter
mined endless of planes sp tanks and
in aout effort to crush the enemy before the second
anniversary of Pearl Habor President William Green of the
Federation of Labor declared in inspiring Labor
For Victory radio presented by the Federation the
of the first anniversary of the Japanese attack
Amerca workers have tasted victory They will not be
satisfied until that victory is completed" Green added
War news of Importance featured the program by
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1942-12-17


Deputy Chief of Staff of the Army and
Rear Admiral f. w. Mills, Of the
Navy'S Bureau of Ships.
Lieut. Gen. McNarney gave Il de-
tailed report on performances In ac-
tual combat during Move Der of
American Flying Fortresses, R-24 Lib
eratores and P-3S Lghtnings, all made
by AFL worlmen. His report showed
that the three types of planes have
performed in outstanding fashion, in
various theaters of war.
Admiral McNarney declared that
free American workers, including
members of the AFL, are building
ships, guns, aircraft and other weapons
of war faster than ever before
"BatteshipS that used to require
five years." he said. are now com
pleted in three. and modern destroyers
are turned out in six months, One-third
of the time formerly needed. All kinds
of naval units are about to be built
with Il timing almost equal To the pre-
war mass production of motor cars
members of the AFL have SwcateI
on the production line, and have made
sacrifices to give us fighting ships ana
cargo vessels not only on schedule but
ahead of schedule. Under enlightened
and progressive management, they
have produced ships and weapons in
greater quantity and of higher quality
than the slave labor of Hitler can pro-
duce with all the mines and shipyards
of conquered Europe at his disposal V
Labor's Record Outlined
President Green declared that the
tributes paid by Gen. McNarney and
Admiral Mills were not lightly
given"
The tributes were" he said, "oliicial
recognition of IL record Of service un-
surpassed during any previous period
in our nations history"
Green outlined what he said were Il
few of laborS principal war achieve
ments as follows:
'First, we have quadrupled war pro-
duction in less than years time That
Is the official report of War PrOduc-
ton Director Donald Nj. Nelson.
tNttDll'I, We lEtNt liN
right to strike for the duration and
have maintained the finest record OF
continuous, uninterrupted production
ever achieved in any nations history.
Third, we have willingly worked
longer hours and have stepped up the
rate of production per man To an
amazing extent
Fourth, we have accepted such
sacrifices as wage Slablization with
out complaint.
Fifth and most important, we have
Subordinated our own personal advnn-
tagc 10 the national welfare and have
given priority to only one supreme OBJ
jcctiyo- winning this war in the short
est possible time
Unbeatable Spirit Praised
In ending, Green voiced the deter
mination of Ameiica'S workers to pro-
duce record quantities of war materia,
to bring victory before the second an
niverSary of Pearl llarbor and pad
tribute To the "unconquerable spirit oi
the free working men and women OF
the nation which he said inspired his
confidence that they will accomplish
even more in the coming year than,
they have in the year Just past
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1942-12-17

Henry Epstein, Solicitor General, Who
argued the case before the court. He
said, "This is momentous victory for
labor. For the first time the country
over, wages and employment will be
guaranteed so that workers may earn
a livelihood and employers plan their
work accordingly"
End OF 4-Year Battle
The decision of the Court of Appeals
was the elimination of 4-year legal
Evening star., 1942-07-14
Spies!
Third OF a Series.)

| ft1u " u oCf tCS.)
Favorite haunts for enemy spies
are amusement spots around de-
Tense plants and military and naval
posts. Dance halls, motion picture
houses and taprooms are their hunt
| ing grounds. Above all, taprooms.
For it Is here that caution is some
times forgotten.
II you are in the armed forces, or
in any sort of defense work, guard
your conversation and be most Sis
picious of the overly patriotic
stranger who buys you drinks and
insists on talking about the war, 1t
was this method that Charles Lu-
cieto French ace of espionage, used
during the first World War to get
information about a new German
gas shell.
Toward the middle of 1915 dis
concerning rumors flooded the Allied
high command: rumors of deadly
new weapon being perfected in the
giant Krupp munitions plant in Es-
sen, Northern Germany, So Lucieto,
who spoke German like a native,
hurried to Essen.
Frequented Cafes.
Posing as patriotic salesman
from Bavaria, at the opposite end
Of Germany. the French spy fire.
quented cafes near the Krupp plant.
| However, even lavish purchases of
beer for the Krupp mechanics
gained him little in the way of in
formation, until Lucieto made the
acquaintance of an aged Krupp
watchman.
A combination of beer and vanity
gave Lucieto the information so
desperately needed by the Allies,
for one night after too many stems
of lager, the watchman hiccoughed.
then confided:
my friend, the schwein English
and the doubly schwein French are
doomed. I know. Even now We
load gas shells at Krupp.'
Lucieto laughed: "It is too many
beers talking. I wish it was true,
but how could an old man like you
know such things? All, no! II /
was . betting man. would give
odds Of 10, even 20 to one that you
know nothing. Gas in shells? Alb
surd!"
SmugKled Into Plant.
Before long, the bet was made
To settle 1t, next day the watchman
Evening star., 1942-07-14
New Recreation Board
Plans Open Meeting Tonight

The new District Recreation
Board will hold its first open meet
ing, at which citizens requests will
be considered, tonight in Thomson
School, 1900 L street NV.
The board will meet at pm. to
consider q prepared agenda, and at
$50 o'clock the session will become
an open hearing. Harry Wender.
chairman. said he expects many
oficiak OF citizens associations to
appear.
Particular attention will be given
to matters which may be included
In the recreation budget for the
next fiscal year.
A principal item on the agenda
Is discussion of the Public Build
ings Administration plan to build
dormitories on Is acres Of public
recreation area in Potomac Park.
A proposal by PBA Commissioner
william E. Reynolds that this lost
recreation space be replaced to some
extent by clearing the huge but
little used Army and Navy parking
lot in the park will also be dis
cussed.
Evening star., 1942-07-14

souvenir Of this great day. A
fragment Of one Of the shells,
perhaps"
Three days later q fragment Of
shell. supplied Lucieto by the helpful
watchman, was In Paris, in the
hands of M. Bayle, one of Frances
greatest chemists. From minute
particles of chemicals adhering to
the shells, he was able to determine
the shells were charged with phos-
gene and chloroformiat trich.oro-
methyl.
Thus, when the new gas shells
were used, the Allies had an i'm
proved mask which was as effecsive
against. the new gas as the old mask
would have been useless.
Distrust strangers whose avowals
OF patriotism are too loud.
Evening star., 1942-07-14

smuggled Lucieto into the krupp
plant. to witness a demonstration OF
the new weapon being staged for
the Kaiser The weapon was dev-
astating. Sheep used in the DEM
onstration died instantly.
Lucieto needed sample of that
new gas for analysis. A shell frag-
ment would be enough. AS he paid
the bet, he said:
Now, If only I could have a
Evening star., 1942-07-14
Community Sing Slated
At Monument Thursday

Robert Frederick Freund again
will lead the community sing at
the Sylvan Theater, Monument
Grounds, Thursday night. With
music provided by the United States
Marine Band. The program will
start at 7:45 pm.
The audience will be allowed to
request favorite songs. the requests
to be submitted In advance to the
District Recreation Department.
Evening star., 1942-07-14
Club Elects
speciaI pispatch to I'he Star.

EbStlkl D1SpNtch % Ihe 1tAf,
LA PLATA, Md, July 13.-Miss
Mildred WEIGH has been elected
president of the Ironsides All Club
Other officers are: vice president
Frances Milstead; secretary, Haze
Welch; treasurer, Rosalie Dyson
and program chairman, Mary Mil
stead.
Evening star., 1942-07-14

Marquis w. Childs OF the st. Louis
Post Dispatch, secretary. and Paul
wooton OF the McGraw-Hill publi-
cations, treasurer. The organiza-
tion adopted a revised constitution.
Evening star., 1942-07-14
Mover Is Reelected
By Overseas Writers

Barnet Mover Of the Washington
Post was reelected president of the
Overseas Writers at meeting held
yesterday.
Other officers elected included
Evening star., 1942-07-14

Don't BE alone--MAKE 4 loan--
to Uncle Sam. Buy War bonds now.
Evening star., 1942-07-14
81 CoIored SeIectees
To Report 10 Camp Today

Sixty-two colored selectees who
were indicted July 1 will report to
camp after their two-week furlough
tomorrow, local selective service
headquarters announced.
Eugene H. Hawkins is leader and
Theodore Brown assistant leader of
the group Of selectees. Others
scheduled to report tomorrow are:
Evening star., 1942-07-14

Brown, Ernest
Anderson, Noses J,
Watson, Charlie
Walden, Floyd H.
Gillian, James N.
Watkins, Mac j.
High, Nathan
Gordon, Arthur D.
Nixon, Hector
Rogers, Charlie r
Cox, Monroe
Davis, Charles M.
Hamilton. George
Martin, Milow
Craig, Robert H.
Gober, Larry N.
Matthews, James
Beasley, Robert l..
Wilson, William
JEFFERSON, John M.
Gilmore. Archille p,
Toms, Augustus s.
DoZier, Clifton
Harris, John w.
Stansbury. James I.
Buchanan, r. l..
Watkins, Frank A.
Williams. Arthur
Hall. Dolphus
Brown, James e.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1942-02-19
Women Puts Nickel
In Wrong Meter

SEATTLE Parking m<ters sfe
new 70 Seattle motorists. n<it
Harry sutton. director q ths
polle< fraffe slolstions Dare@si.
couldn't zee much excuse for ths
action q one woman driver,
she iratsly insisted sne paid her
nickel and tnerefors did not de-
serve = ticket
Dad you put Il IN the meter neat
70 your car ?" sutton asked
~Oh. no." replied the
womsa- Il just Walked dawn
the street locking for nickel
in my purae and put 4 In the
first meter came 20 after l
found Il. 1 didn't think u
made any dlffercnce-
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1942-02-19

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k1n kn<ess<as fas :
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