davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-04-18
Three DimensionuI' Now

1t is fact which cannot be stressed
too strongly that America has been
slow to apply to purposes of national
defense the facilities developed by
her sons. The name of Rear Admiral
William Freeland Fullam, given to a
new destroyer launched at Boston
Thursday, may be cited to illustrate
the historic difficulty by which the
United States has been handicapped.
He was naval officer Of distinctive
intellectual capacity, and his views
were reinforced by wide and varied
experience. A native of Monroe
County, New York. born October 20,
1855, he was graduated from An
napollS at the head of his class in
1877, Six years later he returned to
the Naval Academy to teach, and his
career as an instructor in the theory
and practice OF maritime war did not
end until 1904. The textbooks he
wrote during that period of his life
still are used by students.
Meanwhile, Admiral Fullam served
in European waters and in the Far
East, commanded successfully the
Newport and Great Lakes training
stations and was chief of the Ord
nance Division. He also was aide
to Secretaries of the Navy George
Won L. Meyer and Josephus Daniels
and commander of the Pacific Re-
serve Fleet, Gradually during four
decades OF observation he became
convinced that sea power must be
three dimensional" in effect. Re-
tiring in 1919, he engaged his leisure
touring the country in a campaign
TO arouse popular interest in aero
nautics in terms of national survival.
The Navy, he argued, must be pre-
pared to fight under and over as well
as on the water. What was wanted
Evening star., 1942-04-18
THIS AND THAT
By Charles =. Trdcetreu.

splotches. wedge shaped. instead OF
round dots. The thrush's breast is
whittier. and 1t is not 30 thickly covered
with spots
The wood thrush is great deal
such long tail,
The thrasher. as q matter Of fact, gets
its name from the way It thraShes that
biz long tail around
When 1t comes to singing, nobody
could mistake the two birds
The wood thrush sings a song pattern
OF four parts. II you are real close to
him, you will hear sundry grating noises
between the four parts, or phrases. At
some distance. these gratings are not
heard. and the bird seems TO be making
considerable pause between each
phrase
The brown thraSher sings as do all
members of the mockingbird family. in
cluding the cathird He Just opens his
bill and sings. wildly WELL as the poet
put 1t.
The thrasher sings for many minutes
at time. His song Is a sort OF grand
opera affair. the part called recitative,
going on and on. without any particular
melody, but music nonetheless.
The blue jay is favorite of this corre-
spondent. as of the writer here.
What he says about the eyesight Of
the jay is true. Most birds have good
eyes, which they need In their business
of finding food, but few OF them are the
equal of the jaybird in this respect.
The blue jay not only can see we'll but
he is not in the least timid.
In addition. he has a certain zest of
manner which gives most of the things
he does the grand air.
Even when he flies down to seize a
peanut he does 1t as IL 1t were an act of
real Importance. Isn't this the secret of
the success of some persons we all know
Surely the Jay has 1t down to a fine
point. He can fly In and out OF feed
ing station with all the aplomb of dip
lomat in high silk hat and cutaway.
Mostly this act is accompanied by
great shout of defiance.
The Jay shouts all over. when he shouts
at all. IndL Is, he peIitlS Ills hUccs, hS
it were, then pokes out his neck, and
lets 60 with a great squawk.
Newcomers to bird observation think at
first that they dislike this noise, but
after a time they come to realize that it
is perfectly In character, sort of fine
outdoor noise.
The Jay. of course, is a songbird. al
though mostly he does not exactly sing,
In the generally accepted human sense.
At times he can make soft whistles and
utter variety Of sounds which have
aspects of humor as well as of music.
Since humor is one of the rarest qualities
in music, we must accord the blue jay
special tribute for it. He not only sings,
after his own fashion, but he has fun
doing 1t.
There are few birds more worthy OF
our respect than Americas blue jay. We
hate to hear anybody try to run 1t
down." especially in these days when we
must be proud of everything genuinely
American. People who berate the blue
jay are playing the Axis game too.
Evening star., 1942-04-18
-CLYDESDALE PLACE.

Dear Sir:
1T was thoughtful OF you 10 remember
10 recount your first robin this spring,
as requested many weeks ago.
IN return, I saw my first brown
thraSher yesterday. in the Zoo park near
the administration house Also yester-
day, I saw the first chewink and he
was beauty. I crushed a peanut and
threw 1t toward him from my third-t floor
window and. although it fell near where
he WAS hopping about he ignored It: but
he sang sweetly for us for quite some
minutes
Blue jays seem to love peanuts as
much as squirrels. Nearly every morn
ing around o'clock pair come into
the trees across the street on the edge
of the Zoo park and wait for me to
throw peanuts to them, which can do
by opening the window wide and throw
ing the heaviest peanuts as far as can
heave them.
The jays never fail to see the peanuts
light, and at favorable opportunity
they will swing to a low bush outside
the Zoo wire fence, then down and grab
the nut and fly away to a convenient
tree where they proceed to peck 1t open
and eat the kernel. This performance
has been repeated hundred times dur
ing the past two months. Very seldom
do the jays fail to put in an appearance
and sit watching. seemingly, for me to
begin heaving them peanuts. One Sun
day morning they each swooped down
and took six peanuts before they few
away content to call it a day.
Il have noted that their eyesight must
be very keen: they never fail to see the
peanut, even If 1t falls on the ground
among the dry grass and well hidden
from human eyes. Very smart birds are
the blue jays.
From my apartment window I fire.
quently see wild ducks flying high over
the Zoo ponds, above the tops OF the
trees, and usually can tell when a goose
is in the air from the tone of his
honking and how the other geese on
the pond are setting up clamor.
This morning a big Canada honker
was flying high above the treetops,
swinging in great circles above the duck
ponds. He seemed not to mind busy
Adams Mill road traffic underneath him,
nor apartment houses over which he
circled with his long neck straight out
front. I had grand view of him and
he is a noble bird If there ever was one.
He probably belongs on the Zoo ponds
and was only up for trial flight to
test his wing power. I have seen them
do 1t before many times, and always
envied them In their ability to leave
the earth and swing far, wide and hand
some.
Sincerely, z. A. c."
The brown thraSher Is often mistaken
for thrush.
In fact, some persons insist on re-
ferrlng to 1t as the large thrush" when
it is no thrush at all. but belongs to
the mockingbird family.
Its general color of cinnamon brown
Is like the color of the wood thrush. and
1t has black marks on its chest.
These marks, however, are rather
Evening star., 1942-04-18

every friend Of human freedom
agrees with the sentiment OF Admiral
Sir Andrew Cunningham. commander
Of the British feet In the Mediter-
ranean, expressed in the words:
Malta has proved a thorn in the
enemy's side" To illustrate her
value. the same authority cites the
fact that in single month the island
defenses sustained 263 assaults. an
average of more than eight a day.
"On the offensive, her score is equally
impressive. In November, l94I,
bombers operating from Malta
dropped more than 1000 900 pounds
of bombs on enemy targets"
On the other side OF the earth,
another isolated outpost OF liberty
is performing a kindred duty. Cor
regidor also is "a thorn" and pos
sibly there is an American medal
that might be conferred on the whole
courageous company Of those who
struggle there.
Evening star., 1942-04-18
Suggests Design and Name
For New Scent Coin.


To the Editor Of The Star;
I have a suggestion which desire TO
morale of the Nation. I believe also It
will solve a problem that already may
have confronted many of The Stars
readers. You know that our scent piece
in its present form soon is to be taken
out OF circulation. The cause of this is
the urgent need of its component part
nickel The nickel in 1t is to be used In
our war munitions production.
Hence, 1t has been decided to make a
coin composed OF silver and copper to re-
place the nickel" in purchasing power.
When this new coin Is put into circula-
ton. 1t will no longer be a nickel"
Therefore a name should be created for
stitution. have not seen the proposed
design for the new coin, but I presume
the diverse will bear the usual historic
and patriotic details but the reverse side
should have on it a large "V'' with the
added cents" underneath, also other in
scriptions and embellishments deemed
necessary to give the coin a handsome
appearance. Instead Of referring to 1t
as nickel as has been for many dec
ades, call 1t victory" The victory
nickel" is the very essence of the whole
thing. We gave UP the nickel in 1t for
victory. We are producing 1t at time
when we are striving for victory. It's
very name during this great emergency
will make us victory conscious.
What about 1t. folks2
FRED M. HUDDLESTUN.
The Plains, Va
Evening star., 1942-04-18
Huskin's S Answers
To Questions
By Frederic J. Hdsktr.

A reader can get the drs,cer 10 a-r
question OF fact bp ipritirg The Ere
niHc Star Information Bureau. Fred
eric J. HaSkin, director. Washington,
D. C. Please incloSe stamp for reply.
c. What Ia meant by -Commandos-f
M. A
A. Commands are highly trained
shock troops of the British Army. noted
for their feats OF great daring, They ara
drawn from many races and nations and
from all walks of life. appointment TO
the Commands is limited to men who
have done at least eight months with a
regular infantry. cavalry or artillery regi-
ment. No promotions or rewards are
promised. only the most daredevil Jobs
The word commando" is Portuguese and
means command" 1t came into Use in
the South African War for expeditions
OF the Beers against the natives,
O. Did Stain study for the minis
try2-A. T. W.
A. Josef Stain secured an education
through being selected for course at
Russian religious seminary.
Evening star., 1942-04-18
HoIf-Breuk With Vichy

The recall Of Ambassador william
D. Leahy from Vichy to Washington
"for consultation" follows familiar
pattern. Thus did our Government
express its grave displeasure with the
policies Of Nazi Germany when 1t
took identic action by recalling its
Ambassador from Berlin. Yet this
significant gesture was not the I'M
mediate prelude to a complete rup-
ture of diplomatic relations. Our
Berlin Embassy remained open under
a charge d'affaires and our consul
lates continued to function as we'll
The final breach with Germany
came, not through our initiative, but
by Germanys declaration of war,
three years later.
This does not mean that our tenu-
Gus relations with the Vichy regime
will be similarly prolonged. What
Washington has done means that 1t
does not intend to have further
dealings with Vichy save in the most
formal and technical sense. It Is an
excellent way of telling the French
people what America thinks OF the
new setup under Laval. Further
more, Admiral Leahy's usefulness is
obviously at an end. He neither
could nor would have personal con-
tact with Laval, as he did so readily
with Marshal Petain. 1t should
not be forgotten that an Ambassador,
being in diplomatic theory the per-
sonal representative Of his sovereign,
has special and immediate access to
the head of the state to which he is
accredited. Even in these days OF
radio and tranSoceanic telephones,
that is matter of practical impor-
tance. The cordiality which grew up
between Admiral Leahy and Marshal
Petain undoubtedly played its part
In the diplomatic situation. That Is
best attested by the fury it aroused
in Germany and In the Nazi-inspired
reptile press" of Paris. Henceforth,
our minor diplomatic and consular
officials in Vichy territory can serve
adequately as listening posts"
observers and tranSactors Of routine
business.
Until the Laval regime commits
some overt act which renders de-
cisive measures desirable, our Gov
ernment is justified in avoiding a
complete diplomatic rupture. While
Laval undoubtedly will direct vichys
foreign and domestic policies, he Is
not yet complete master. Petain Is
still the Chief of State, and retains
the legal right to dismiss Laval as he
did in December, 1910. Furthermore,
Laval has not attained quite the
status he then held, because Admiral
Darlan remains Petain's successor
and also retains command over all
the French armed forces. 1t is an
open secret that Darlan and Petain
do not see eye to eye on all matters
and are not personally cordial with
each other. This may perhaps be
interpreted as a final effort of the
old marshal to retain some veto
power over Laval, whom he Is known
personally to detest.
No one should be naive enough to
hope that Laval and his henchmen
will follow anything but a consist
emily pro-Axis policy. Yet there are
degrees within that trend, and any
thing which may tend to mitigate
or even delay full compliance with
Axis demands can be considered
worth while.
Evening star., 1942-04-18
The Fourth Cout
The first Dds OF pelDef.
TH@f a~A -. .&n

The first Dds OF pelDet.
That one I made.
II had stlUer buttons
And three rotos OF brdtd.
The merit Uds a tDeed coat.
He bought 1t himself
When he stood as tail
As the top book shelf.
The third pds q blue drdb
That no store had.
1t tDds one his country
Gfpes to a lad.
And NTH IL he now wedrs
A fourth so bright
That whers he Hes sleeping
1t ktndles the night
A coat made OF honor
And a task toeil done,
And honor is a shining thing.
My son, o my SOM
MYRTLE ADAMS
Evening star., 1942-04-18

G. In the national flag, which is the
honor point2-D. M. A.
A. The blue field is the honor point.
c. How many times its own weight is
an ant able to drag?-C. w. L.
A. Roy Chapman Andrews refers to an
observer who watched an ant dragging
a dead grasshopper. After Weighing the
bodies of both, he found that the ant
was dragging a load 90 times his own
weight. An Australian ant supported In
It's jaw pair of gloves which were mora
than 1,l00 times its own weight.
O. What Ia the derivation of the word
"infiuenza."
A. Influenza" In an Italian word. It's
origin going back to the nth century,
when certain diseases could only be ex-
planned as resulting from the influence
OF heavenly bodies. Soon the common
people spoke of una influenza di freddo,"
or an influence Of cold.
@. Did Beethoven compose most OF his
great works before or after he became
deaf?-C. l..
A. Beethoven became deaf while In his
early sos, but this infirmity marked the
prelude Of the second creative period In
his life. during which flood OF MASTER
pieces was produced. Among them were
the "KreutSsr Sonata" ''Eroica,"
Fourth" Fifth Pastoral" Seventh
Eighth" and Ninth Symphonies: EN-
peror Concerto "Missa solemnis" and
his only opera, "Fidelio.-
O. How many Archbishops Of Canter-
bury have resigneda-P. G. D.
A. Only two Cosmo Gordon Lang and
his immediate predecessor. Randall
Thomas Davidson, who resigned In No
vember, 1928.
@. What Ia the name of the large
publishing house owned by Adolf Hitlerf
"A. s. H.
A. The Times of London recently
stated that Hitler is sole owner Of the
large publishing firm central Verlag.
from which he derives an enormous
income.
@. When we're the first radio signals
sent through the air?-H. D.
A. The first radio signals were trans
mitted across the campus OF Princeton
University in lS40 by DR.. Joseph Henry.
who later became the first secretary OF
the Smithsonian Institution. He sent
the discharge from battery Of Leyden
Jars through a wire stretched in front Of
Nassau Hall.
@. How many kinds OF rsyon are
there2-R. G. P.
A. The Condensed Chemical Diction-
airy states that four different kinds of
rayon are on the market due to the
fact that there are four processes by
which it can be made. The basic raw
material in all four processes is purified
cellulose.
@. What famous feats were duplicated
by Richard Hallibur.on?-P. r. S.
A. The author swan the Hellespont,
retraced the travels OF Ulysses, followed
the trail of Cortez through Mexico and
that Of Balboa across Darien. He also
rode an elephant across the Alps fol-
lowing the path of Hannibal.
O. How is 1t possible for an actor 10
take two parts in a single scene in a
movie?-K. C.
A. To make it possible for an actor
playing dual role to appear in a scene
with his double" a picture is taken of
each OF the characters. the films are cut
and spliced together and then run of
as one film.
Evening star., 1942-04-18
Harrisonburg, Va.
Discusses Greatest Waterway System"
In Relation to the War.
Tn the Editor Of The Star.

To the Editor OF The Star:
The editorial, Waterway Plan" in
your April issue, has come to our notice
and We hope that you will believe that
teresting to your readers:
Now. when the fate Of the democratic
world depends largely upon American
help. supplies and materials, how des-
perate the situation would be but for the
Nations waterways. In such event, there
could be no navy yards nor shipyards, no
battleships, submarines nor destroyers, no
merchant vessels. car-f1oats nor lighters.
The cost of transporting over 90 per cent
Of the Nations tremendous quantity Of
Evening star., 1942-04-18

Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address OF
the tpriter, although the use OF
a pseudonyn, for publication is
permissible. The Star reSerDeS
the right to edit all letters Nth
q pie1D to condensation.
Evening star., 1942-04-18
The average female mavfiv. accord

The average female mayfly, accord
ing to scientists, sheds her skin
twenty -four times in her short life,
acquiring a new suit after each
moult. In between times, 1t is
thought, she complains of having
nothing TO wear
Evening star., 1942-04-18

rhs Associated Press is exclusively sntltled 70
the use for republication of all news dispatches
credited 10 IL or not otherwise created IN this
PAPER and also the local news published nereln
AL rights OF publication OF special dispatches
herein also reserved
Evening star., 1942-04-18
PARLIAMENTARY Ia w

PAkEEAMENl AMI L. n w
This handy 32-page booklet COW
ers In simple terms every phase
of the subiect--how to organize
new association; how to pre-
side: how to conduct elections
and reorganizations A model
constitution and bylaws are pro-
vided to guide the formation OF
new societies. A handbook on
the rules of order is indispensable
to the citizen who takes part in
community affairs. To secure
your copy OF this publication In
close 10 cents In coin. wrapped in
this clipping and mail to The
Star Information Bureau.
Name
----------------
Address
Evening star., 1942-04-18

Those who still hope for time of
this summer, as usual, must remem-
ber that v stands for Victory. not
Vacation.
Evening star., 1942-04-18
Rates by Mail-Payabie TN Advance
MARYLAND and Virginia.
Member Of the Associated Press.

Entered as second class matter post ofhoe.
Washinsto d. c.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1942-03-27
Demand Anticipated
For Montana Ranches
BH Eastern CaDitul

fasteners again have Their eyes .
Montana stock ranches, with the pEoO-
pect that many sales win be nAAs
this year to industrialists seeking q
safe haven for their war-earned profits.
This Is the word Of Orval Z. Mason,
Great Falls real estate dealer, who re-
turned from two months trip during
which he spent two weeks in Chicaeo
and two In New York. visiting other
eastern cities enroute and winding up
with swing along the southern states
and the west coast. He was accompA-
MED by friend. D. L Egnev, Hardin
attorney.
Mason said he had many definits
commitments from prospective buyers,
with sales in sight for well-stocked and
highly improved ranches which are
now going concerns. For such prop
critics. he said he was convinced there
will be ready cash available
He said in his opinion there would
be little or no demand for partially
improved stock ranches, or properties
which were not now showing = profit.
In his entire trip, during which he
contacted many eastern land brokers,
Mason said he found virtually no In
terest in Montana wheat ranches. It
is the cattle ranches which have cap
tured eastern imagination and which
will be readily salable during the COM
ing year. he predicted.
Judging by conversations he had
with those who were in position to
buy. equipped ranches of about $4,000
acres will be most in demand, he said
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1942-03-27

New York city of Mrs Josephine Sher-
wood. . former Helena resident. Mrs.
Sherwood. formerly Miss Josephine
Harris. was a graduate of Helena high
school and one OF the first women
admitted to the bar in Montana. She
served as deputy in the county attor-
ney's office under Lincoln Working
spring vacation
has been Cancelled. the Montana State
college concert band has substituted
series Of weekend trips for the an
nual tour, Director Lou Howard has
announced Howard has taken his band
on 81 tours of the state. He has di-
rected the band for IS years and has
had 81 years Of band experience in
Montana.
ANACONDA--Jay w. MacKelvie OF
this city was one OF 81 high ranking
army officers recommended for pro-
motion by President Roosevelt. Mac
Kelvie, a colonel in the field artillery.
was recommended for promotion to
brigadier general MacKelvie was a
civil engineer for the B. A & P. rail-
road before enlisting IN the army years
ago.
POISON Sportsmen have credited
Mrs. Frank Williams of Elmo with
saving 1000 ducks from starvation.
The flock had remained on a very
small, mfrozen bay of Flathead lake
near Elmo. Due TO ice and snow the
birds could not find food. Mrs VIII
iams noticed their plight-some of the
birds were too weak to fly-and pro-
cured wheat which she carried to them
Isl E1,-
selves.
HELENA-Improvem to the ma
tional youth administration dormitory,
the city reservoir and the municipal
golf course will be made possible early
this spring by the approval of an
allotment of $40, 800 by the works prog
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1942-03-27

reSS administration. Approval OF the
allotment was announced by Matt
Staff, secretary OF the Helena Cham
Der Of Commerce, and Mayor Jack
Martin. who received word from Con-
gresswoman Jeanette Rankin.
MISSOULA-Maj. John r. Nelson.
formerly in charge Of army recruiting
and examining stations at San Fran
cisco. has tal1n over command Of the
Montana recruiting district with head
quarters here. He succeeds First Lieut..
Harold w. Petersen. who has been act
ing district recruiting officer since
Lieut. Gel. w. G. Dcckum was trans
headquarters in Chicago.
FORSYTH-Mr and Mrs. Charles
Hafer recently celebrated their 5Oth
wedding anniversary with open house
throughout the day. Hosts were their
children, Mr.. and Mrs. Clarence Hafer
and Mr.. and Mrs. Earl Hafer. One
hundred and twenty friends called
during the day. Mr. and Mrs. Hafer
were married at Udall, Kan, and lived
in that vicinity for five years before
moving to Oklahoma. They lived there
Is years before coming to Montana.
LAUREL-Charles B. Sande, g., who
recently died. was proprietor of drug
store here for 80 years. He was a past
president of the Montana Pharma-
ceutical association and a member Of
the Montana Veteran Druggists asSo-
ciation. Madison D. Hartley. 80, also
taken by death, had been a resident
of this town for more than 40 years.
nf Nl,iN n Il
wife came to Montana in 1887 and
settled first at Marysville, -where he
was a miner.
BILLINGS-Two new currlcula in
war work for women have been an
nounced by Dr. Ernest T. Eaton, preSi-
dent of Billings Polytechnic institute.