davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Waterbury Democrat., 1942-10-08
Washington Merry-G o-Round
White House Advisers Concerned About Supporting Huge Army
 Monpower Shortage 10000 900 Soldiers MOy Be Too Mony Though Keeping Quiet U Officials Are Boiling Over ndoi Critic of Big Oil Companies Is Removed from Mexican Mission
BY DREW PEARSON

WASHINGTON October Some of the residents close advisers are ng simultaneous
The Waterbury Democrat., 1942-10-08
Whats Your I.Q.?

Can you answer seven of these test questions? Turn to back page for the answers.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1942-10-08
Questions
 and Answers
YOUR oUEsTTONs ANsWERED

 YOUR QUESTIONS ANSWERED
 The Waterbury Democrats serv- Ice Bureau win answer for you free, any question of fact or information not involving exten- sive research. Write your queB- tion clearly, sign name and :. address, enclose a three cent { postage stamp. Medical or legal advice cannot be given. Address Waterbury Democrats Washing- ton Service Bureau, 1913 Thir- teenth Street, Washington D. c. V o. Are weapons and other war material made in Australia?
 A. Bombers and fighters; antiair- craft guns, machine guns, shells, and ammunition of all sizes, mines, tor pedoes, and precision instruments are being made in Australia. Tanks arer beginningg to roll of the as- sembly lines, and warships have been built in Australian yards.
 o. Next to the United States. which country has the worlds highest standard of living?
 A. Canada.
 O. How many veterans of World War are receiving compensation?
 A. As of July 31, 1922, the Veter- ans Administration reported S40,- 364 service connected and 81,956 non service connected pensions.
 e. Why is an airplane banked in turning?
The Waterbury Democrat., 1942-10-08

industry has been slow getting un- der way, but in the near future there will be need for trained work CTS.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1942-10-08
Daily Almanac

Daily Almanac Moon rises 6:0l .. m. (waF tinse). sun rises G;s4 z. m.; sets ei24 n m. twhF tlmel. Ali vehicles must bs lighted thirty minutes after sunset.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1942-10-08

e. Why is an airplane banked in turning?
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1942-12-13

Americans interested In what is going
on behind the tightly-shut doors Of war
time japan will find a clue in the warn
ing which Admiral Kichisaburo Nomura,
japanese Ambassador to Washington
until Pearl Harbor. was reported recently
to have addressed to his countrymen
against taking too roseate view OF
Japan's prospects Of victory in the war.
According to the report as relayed in
German radio broadcasts, Admiral
Nomura, writing in the Toxic newspaper
Yomiuri, took the japanese public to
task for their light-hearted inclination
to underrate the enemy, and ne also
dropped guarded but unmistakable
hint that Japan must grid herself to
meet the impact Of new Allied offensive
blows.
Coming only 10 days after loud boast
by Gen. TOTO that Japans victories In
the Pacific had paved the way for 1.-The
final overthrow OF Britain and America
Nomuras warning must have taken the
deluded Japanese public somewhat by
surprise. To any one who knows the
former Ambassadors real mind, how
ever, it is apparent that he spoke only
half his thoughts.
Language Guarded.
Indeed, had circumstances not forced
him to use such guarded language.
Nomura might have said great deal
more. While he was still in Washington
as Ambassador, striving hopelessly to
preserve a peace which the Toxic mill
tarists were already secretly determined
to violate, he repeatedly told trusted
friends, I'm a conflict with America.
Japan may win battles, but she will lose
the war" This is direct quotation ex-
cept that the words were spoken in jap
anese.
Now, = year later, those words are
taking on = prophetic ring. Japan has
won many battles and may win more, but
thanks to Americas mighty and steadily
growing power, both Japan and her Axis
allies are ct last beginning to lose the
VA. The shape Of their ultimate defeat
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1942-12-13
By Clarke Kawakami.

is already looming in North Africa and
the Mediterranean, in Russia and the
Southwest Pacific. Time has indicated
Nomura.
What it is important for Americans
to remember Is that Nomura is far from
being the only Japanese Of influence who
believed that militarist policies were
pushing Japan along the road to certain
catastrophe. He Is merely one Of con-
siderable group Of older statesmen
brought up in the Meiji spirit of cos
mopolitanism. who saw Japan's best in
terests to lie In international collabora-
ton rather than in aggressive policies OF
national ACKNOWLEDGMENT.
Appeased Militarists.
To call these men liberals is perhaps
q missioner. Rather they are conserva-
tives In the sense that they consistently
stood for moderation and fought to curb
the Fascist -militarist elements which
asserted themselves after 1880. That
they tried to hold these elements IN
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1942-12-13

gates. This seemingly gives Gov.
Bricker better chance, as of today.
Undoubtedly, Mr.. Willkie, by his active
fight against the selection Of Werner W..
Schroeder, Republican national COM
mitteeman for Illinois, to be chairman
OF the Republican National Committee
In the recent St. Louis meeting Of the
committee, has left him many enemies.
Mr.. Schroeder had the support Of men,
bers OF the committee from some OF the
big States of the Midwest and the West,
including Illinois. Ohio, Wisconsin, Colo
RADIO, Nevada, Kansas, Oklahoma and
OF members from most Of the Southern
States. While the Southern States cast
no electoral votes for Republican presi-
dental candidates-their representa-
tives in the COP national conventions
have many votes and have much to do
with the selection OF presidential NOM
inee.
Mr.. WILKES campaign to bring the
Republican party to active support OF
some plan of international cooperation
to maintain world peace after the war
has already borne fruit. He Is not so
much interested today in the record Of
Republicans before Pearl Harbor as he
is in their stand now and what it will
be when the war is finally won. Seem
ingly he will eventually have to espouse
concrete proposals, however. for world
peace. The range of international CO.
operation" and what 1t may mean IS
too vast. A man might be an interna-
tional co-operationist in the opinion,
say of Senator Taft and Gov. Bricker,
and certainly not a co-operationist in
the view of Mr.. Willkie.
The war may have a definite effect on
the final selection Of presidential nom
inees. both Of the Republican and Of
the Democrats, in 1914 There is always
the possibility that some military leader,
catching the imagination OF the people,
will be put forward for the presidency.
Already there has been talk of Gen.
Douglas Macarthur.
Republican leaders have reached the
conclusion that President Roosevelt will
be a candidate for a fourth term, GER
tainly if the war is still in progress and
probably if the peace terms are in the
process of being worked out. They do
not minimize the fact that race against
President Roosevelt. particularly if the
war is still on, as many of them think
it will be either in the Pacific or the
Atlantic or both. will be tough fight.
What the Democratic leaders think is
another thing. Some of them are sick
of the New Deal. But they will have to
make up their minds whether they would
rather take a chance on victory and
continued control Of the Government
with Mr.. Roosevelt, or would rather take
the chances of defeat with another cam
didate in order to get rid Of the New
Deal.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1942-12-13
NOMURA GIVES CLUE TO INSIDE JAPAN
Conservatives Si|enced Await Day Of Reckoning
CIvkeK

check by appeasing them was perhaps
a sad mistake, though they did so in the
belief that a policy of rigid repression
would precipitate internal revolution
which could only result in placing the
militarists Immediately in full control.
The best proof that the conservatives
fought a gallant though losing battle lies
in the fact that it took the militarists
full 10 years to complete their seizure Of
the state. 1t is also a tribute to their
courage that Japan's political history OF
those 10 years is written in the blood Of
many of the most prominent of their
number.
AS long as the conservatives remained
In key positions close to the Emperor,
they could curb, If not block, militarist
designs. 1t was, therefore, an essential
part of the extremists program to elm
mate these men, whom they denounced
as "kunsoku-no-kan" or "knaves around
the throne" To accomplish this they
resorted to the bloodiest assassinations in
modern history.
Hamaguchi First Victim.
Premier Yuko Hamaguchi, whose gov
eminent signed the 1880 London naval
treaty, fell the first victim in November,
1880. Early in 1882 Finance Minister
Junnosuke Inouye and Baron Yakuma
Dan, head of the great Mitsui business
house, were killed because they also were
regarded as opponents of nationalistic
policies. On May Is Of the same year a
band of young army and navy officers
murdered Premier Tsuyoshi Inukai,
head of Japans last party government
which had vainly tried to apply the
brake to the army's Manchurian adven-
ture.
Had Army leaders acted decisively at
this stage to stamp out the Fascist ideas
which were poisoning the minds Of
younger officers and were directly re-
sponsible for the assassinations, Japan's
subsequent history might have been
different. But whether they secretly
sympathi5ed with the movement OF
teee NOMURA, Page B-30 :.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1942-12-13
POLITICAL AGILITY BOOSTS SOVIET MARSHAL
Boris shupohnkoy, Purge Survives Three Regimes
By nlmdL Stokes
Boris Shoposhnikoy.

When Able Sleeves was asked to name
his outstanding accomplishment in the
French Revolution. the answer was: Il
survived" The grim boast could be
carried a step further by Marshal Boris
Mikhailovich Shaposhnikov, chief OF the
Red Arrny's general staff and vice COM
missar for national defense, who is just
becoming known to the world at large
as the master-mind of RuSslas epic
resistance to German conquest.
Under series of governments muir
derously hostile among themselves-the
last Romanoff reign, the provisional
ministry of Alexander Kerensky, the rev.
olution Of Lenin and Trotsky and Joseph
Stains dictatorship. with its bloody
purge Of the army high command In
la37-under all these violent mutations
Shaposhnikov managed not only to stay
alive but to flourish Side by side, his
tunic could show medals from Nicholas
II and orders from Lenin and Stain.
No doubt there would be a riband from
Kerensky, too, If the Socialist rhetorician
had had time to get round to it before
his downfall.
Marshal's Post New.
The post Of marshal Of the Soviet
Union Is relatively new. 1t has already
gained eminence among hazardous &C.
equations. There have been seven mar
shals since the Red Army's Hottest rank
was established in 1885 Mikhail Niko-
laevich Tukhachevsky was executed five
years ago on charges IF being what men
would describe today as 'Quisling."
Alexander Ilyich Egorov and VASTLY
Konstantinovich Butcher disappeared
without trace in 1898, and are believed
to have been liquidated Butcher was the
organizer Of Russian military self
sufficiency in the Far East.
Klem"nti Yefremovich Voroshilov and
semyon Mikhailovich Budenny fell from
grace as a result of defeats in battle, the
one in Finland and the Leningrad area
and the other in the Ukraine. Both were
felegated to troop-training Jobs, which
they still hold, together with their titles.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1942-12-13

Only two of the four living marshals
remain at present in commands of top
responsibility. They are Shaposhnikov
and the redoubtable Semyon Timoshenko
Shaposhnikov tthe accent is on the
first syllable) either bears a charmed life
or has conducted his career with a pru-
dence rivaling that OF the Vicar of Bray.
who in 10th century England was twice
a Protestant and twice Catholic under
four successive reigns. More than one
crisis in which the least misstep would
have proved fatal has been outlived by
the Russian. A bourgeois by nativity
and an aristocrat in speech, garb and
bearing, he did not join the Communist
Party until 1890. Having been gradu-
ated in 1910 at the head of his class in
the Moscow Oficers' School, he came
under the notice of Grand Duke Nicholas
and served as his aide, with a rank of
colonel, on the general staff of the west
ern front in World War I. He was deco
rated many times for gallantry.
When Kerensky overthrow the mon
archy In February, 1917, shaposhnikov
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1942-12-13
BY G. Gould Lincoln

he is a young man, only year or two
beyond the constitutional age-35-set
for Presidents of the United States, Gov.
Stassen has made his mark and Is widely
known throughout the country. He
plans, however, to take furlough from
his Office as Governor next April, when
he will enter the Navy. This Is likely
to soften his chances for a presidential
nomination. Much will depend upon the
war situation, however, when the spring
Of 1914 rolls around.
Despite the fact that Mr.. Willkie has
bitter opposition from Republican po-
litical leaders in many OF the States to-
day, he is not man to be lightly cast
aside. There is a wide difference Of
opinion as to whether he has strength
ened or weakened himself by his course
since the elections of 1910. There is no
doubt, however, he has very consider
able following among the people. 1t is
to them he must look for preferment,
and to a smaller group of Republican
leaders who still favor him.
Gov. Bricker, elected to his present
Office for third term by an overwhelm-
ing ma jority, will have in his corner in
a fight against Willkie large number
OF the Republican politicos. They cannot
stand Willkie. They do not like his
espousal of the Presidents foreign policy
Immediately after the last elections.
They remember his assaults upon the
so-called isolatlonist Republican men,
bers of Congress.
Willkie Is Opposed.
Also there is the very wealthy business
group-Which had a great deal to do with
bringing about the nomination Of Mr..
Willkie in 1910 At that time Mr.. Willkie
mad been president of the Common
wealth and Southern, great electric
power organization. He was regarded as
allied with. this group,aif not actually
one OF them. Today, many OF these men
are off Willkie. They do not like his
very obvious progressive leanings. They
have reached the conclusion that Mr..
Willkie is not their man, that they can
not dictate to him. They will undoubt-
eddy prefer Gov. Bricker, regarded as a
odlC IIldll ~ puG ~ dllOUllCl way
Wall Street will go for Bricker as
against Willkie.
There Is also a small and very bitter
anti-war and isolationist group which
has no use for Mr. Willkie.
How the campaign for the presidential
nomination will shape up remains to be
seen. The probabilities are. however
that Mr.. Willkie will carry the fight to
Gov. Bricker, by entering his name in
the presidential preferential primary
States, of which there are a considerable
number. He may not enter the Ohio pri-
mary-for that is a pretty close political
corporation An Ohio candidate is prac-
tically certain to receive the Endorsement
Of that primary. But there are many
other States in which Mr.. Willkie may
run for the preference vote if he desires.
Mr.. Willkie is a whirlwind campaigner.
an interchangeable worker. 1t may be
confidently predicted he may enter the
primary contests for delegates.
Generally speaking, 1t is the politicians
who nominate the candidates for the
presidency. They hand pick the dele
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1942-12-13

The race for the Republican presiden-
tial nomination in 1914 stands today be-
tween Wendell L. Willkie of New York
and Indiana and Gov. John w. Bricker
OF Ohio. This is l8 months before the
hosts of the COP will meet in national
convention to select their candidate.
The determination of Thomas E. Dewey,
Governor elect OF New York, not to be-
come a candidate for the presidential
nomination but to serve out the full four
year term as Governor for which he has
been elected, removes a likely nominee
from the picture.
The withdrawal of Senator Taft Of
Ohio from the race for the presidential
nomination, announced week ago, in
favor of Gov Bricker, still further mar
rows the field.
A contingency which might bring Taft
or Dewey back into the presidential pic
ture is possible deadlock in the ma
tional convention between the forces sup
porting Willkie and 3ricker and other
candidates who may be placed in nomi-
nation A deadlocked convention might,
under those circumstances call upon the
Ohio Senator or the tllen Governor of
New York.
Nomination More Alluring.
Mr.. Dewey and Senator Taft were the
principal contenders for the presidential
nomination in 1910 against Mr.. Willkie,
who won the race Their withdrawal
from the race of 1914, il view of the Re-
publican victories at the polls last No.
vember and very apparent swing away
from the New Deal and toward the COP,
presents paradox. The Republican
presidential nomination In 1914 may we'll
be worth something.
Mr.. Dewey has explained that he
wishes to do the job for which he has
been elected. and not to become a can
dldate for some other ONCE, even the
presidency, until he has served his term
Senator Taft has announced he will seek
reelection to the Senate. Also since
Gov. Bricker 50 Loyalty supported him
for the nomination two years ago, Mr..
Taft feels that he should give his sup
port to the Ohio Governor in the coming
race.
1t would be an amazing thing should
no other candidates, beyond Willkie and
Bricker, present themselves. Other
States will have their "favorite- SON.
candidates. There is flock of Repub-
lican governors of States, some of whom
may have considerable backing. Out
standing in this list are Gov. ELECT Earl
Warren of California and Gov. Stassen
of Minnesota. Mr.. Warren, in winning
to the governorship in the recent cleo
tons, overturned Democratic registra-
ton of a million more than the Repub-
lican registration. This was quite feat
in itself
Gov. Stassen won his third election
to his present office. Despite the fact
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1942-12-13

erations in book published In 1924 un-
der the title "On the Vistula." 1t con-
tanned many passages FAVORABLE to Trot-
sky, who supplied an introduction for the
volume.
The rivalry between Stain and Trot-
sky eliminated In the latter's exile in
January, 1929. On all sides the fallen
leaders relatives and friends were
thrown into prison or driven across the
border. But Shaposhnikovs lucky star
continued to shine. 1t was true that
"On the Vistula' was placed under pub
lie ban. During the same year, however,
it's author received his first appointment
as chief of the general staff, an Office
which he holds today for the third time.
In fact, the steady course of his prog
reSs has been interrupted by only one
setback, If it was that. In 1881 he was
removed as chief of staff and sent to
command the Volga military district. 1t
was as If Gen. George c. Marshall were
relieved as Chief of Staff and placed in
charge of an Army Corps in the Mis-
sissippi Valley. No satisfactory explana-
ton of Shaposhnikov's reverse has been
given.
Demotion Proves Fatal.
At any rate, an identical demotion
proved fatal six years later to Marshal
Tukhachevsky. He was removed as chief
of staff and banished to command Of the
Volga district In Tukhachevsky's case,
this turned out to be his first step to-
ward the firing squad. But Shaposhni-
kov, after year OF eclipse, was recalled
and placed at the head Of the Russian
West Point, the Frunze Red Banner
Military Academy.
Here the former cavalry oflicer drama
tized his conversion to the theory of
mechanical warfare by mounting \
heavy tank on the roof Of the main
building His lectures on military or
ganization and strategy won such vogue
that they were attended regularly by
many notables, including voroehilov, Blu
denny, Molotov and Stain himself. The
Continued On Pafo ia Column -
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1942-12-13

remained in his post. The former pro-
tege of the imperial commander in chief
is thought to have co-operated in Keren-
army and to have taken part in the
abortive offensive, manned principally by
officers, which was launched in June.
The Bolshevist revolution of the fol-
lowing october was marked by whole
sale massacre of Czarist officers, whose
successors were chosen by popular ballot
Of the soldiers. Instead of being shot, the
elegant Col. Shaposhnikov, who has al
ways parted his hair in the middle, was
elected by his admiring troopers to the
command of a division. He bore the
reputation of liberal and the halo of
an act of youthful independence and
humanity. During 1905 he was garri-
soned in Turkestan. Several officers were
killed in a terrorist uprising An ulti-
matum was posted, threatening the
seizure and execution of an equal num-
Der of hostages. without regard to their
innocence or guilt. Alone among his
regiments officers, 23year-old 1t. Sha-
poshnikov refused to sign the praclama-
ton.
When Leon Trotsky in 1918 undertook
to create the Red Army. he found that
the new proletarian officers, elected by
the soldiery, might be sound enough in
Marxist theology, but that few Of them
knew how to drill a platoon, intrench 4
hillside or organize line OF supplies.
In desperation he called for volunteers
from the officer corps of the old i'm
perial sfmy. Shaposhnikov at once Of
fered his services, which were accepted.
BY 1919 he was assistant chief of the
operations division on the staff OF the
Supreme Military Soviet. and then was
placed in charge Of its intelligence Sec
ton.
Decorated for Service.
During the Polish campaign that en-
sued. he acted as Trotskys personal aide.
For notable services he was decorated
with the Order Of the Red Banner In
1871 and was made assistant chief Of
the general stan. He described the op-
The Waterbury Democrat., 1942-01-12
ReOrganizing

Marking an end to five years of inactivity the Brass City Min strels will begin reorganization next week, twenty years after their founding. The original personnel of the minstrels, formed after World War l, consisted of ex-ser- vicemen, many of them disabled.
 The first minstrel show ever presented over the air was broad cast by the group from Cooks Butterfly ballroom, Springfield, Mass, when radio was ill its in- fancy. Director during the fifteen years of it's existence was James L. Cunningham. The present att tempt to reorganize is the result of repeated requests by the public, and former members have beer sent cards announcing the meet ing.
 The following members are ex- pected to attend: James Cunning ham, Director; Fred Young, George McGrath, William Young, George Gardiner, William Clasby, Harold Berman of New Haven, Edward Keenan, William Young, William Summa, George Young, John Cor den, Harvey Stout, Nathan Fid- Ter, Sergeant Walter Ahearn, Frank Davino, Joseph Summa, Samuel Apirian, Attorney Frank Summa, Louis Young, Wilbur Pier pont William Stanton Mort Con- nors, George Perigard.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1942-01-12
CAMPION, KELLEY
 HARTFORD GUESTS
State Fire Drillmasters Plan to Operate Regional
 Training Schools

Deputy Chief Martin J. Campion and Acting Deputy Chief Joseph J. Kelley, will represent the Water bury Fire Department at a meeting Thursday in Hartford as members of the Connecticut Fire Depart ment Drillmasters' Association who will gather from 15 cities and towns to prepare a system of regional fire men training schools, which will be put into operati ton.
 The training schools will be made with the aim to prepare regular and auxiliary fire departments to fight fires under emergency conditions and to drill firemen in the methods to battle fires in both peace and war times.
 Chief John s. Pachl of the New Haven annex fire department, as president of the association, called the meeting.
 The purpose of this regional plan will be to send firemen to training schools in their districts to receive instructions. When the course is completed, these representative will in turn carry on courses for mem- bers of their local fire department