davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-07-05
P. Wirephoto.

States Army Air Forces in CO.
operation with the Raj. Under
the eventual plans when complete
units will be set up, the American
Bomber Command in the British
Isles will carry out separate raids
escorted by its own fighters.
1t Is expected for the future that
American bombers will operate on
an increasing scale in daylight raids
and increasing American participa-
ton viii allow the RAF to concen-
trate more on the mighty raids of
the Cologne type, day and light
when conditions permit.
Observers expressed the opinion
that the fact that the first blow
was aimed at the German air force
was significant because before the
day Americans land in France, as
predicted by Gen. George E. Mar
shall. American chief Of staff, the
Luftwaffe must be driven from the
invasion coast.
U. s. Makes First Announcement.
The first announcement of the
American aerial participation came
in communique No. from head
quarters of the European theater of
operations of the United States
Army, which said:
In joint operations with RAF
light bombers, six American air
crews attacked targets in German
occupied territory today.
1.-TWO American planes are miss
ing.
THE American crews flew a 20A
type aircraft douglas Bostons) in
a daylight, minimum altitude at
tack"
The Boston Is a two-engine, three
scatter, midwing monoplane with q
loaded weight OF 19,050 pounds; it
is capable of $50 miles per hour, but
otherwise its performance is secret.
Soon after the American commu-
nique No. was issued, the British
Air Ministry put out an amplifying
communique, saying:
To-day, July 4, for the first time
the United States Army Air Forces
have taken part in offensive opera
tions in conjunction with the bomb
er command.
I'm the early morning II Boston
bombers, 6 of which were manned
by American crews, raided enemy
airdromes in Holland
Attacks were pressed home from
very low level in the face of in
tense fax. -t
"At Hamstede and Alkmaar bombs
were seen to burst on hangers, adj
buildings and dispersal
points. Valkenburg Airfield was
heavily machine gunned and an
Evening star., 1942-07-05
the ground. The damage was de-
clared to be considerable"
NaziS Caurhf in Iine-IIn

Nazis Caught in Lineup.
At one point $50 German airmen
in flying suits were caught fiat
footed, lined up as if on pay day
parade.
Casualties among personnel were
observed at Alkmaar, Valkenburg
and Hamstede," the American COM
munique said.
The pay day queue at Hamstede
scattered in all directions under
heavy machine-gun fire from the
speedy Bostons.
1t was while hedge-hopping at
near zero altitude that Capt.
Kegelman's plane ran afoul Of the
enemy flax and then he displayed
superior airmanship and extraor-
dinary gallantry and GOODNESS in
saving the lives of his crew."
One propeller and the starboard
nose of his plane were shot away,
bullets clipped his tail section and
one engine. caught fire.
The plane plowed into the earth,
knocking large hole in the bottom
of the fuselage and damaging the
starboard wing.
Capt. Kegelman recovered con-
troll after passing the target area
on one engine, but found himself
running into intense flax fired from
tower.
He drove directly at the tower
with front guns firing, and the flax
was silenced. Then he flew home
without further incident on the one
remaining engine, the flames in
the other having died out en- route.
Extremely Hazardous Raid.
The nature of the raid made 1t
extremely hazardous and accounted
for the heavy percentage of planes
lost, 3 out of IL. 1t was the
heaviest percentage lost since the
British sent IL planes over Augs-
burg at tree-top height in April and
got only f1Ve back, and It was the
longest unescorted raid since Augs-
burg.
The British-American laiding
squadron had to fly $50 miles inland
over Holland to reach Valkenburg,
one Of the areas most heavily at
tended by the German sir force.
Fighter escorts are improbable if
not impossible at such distances,
hence the use Of fast bombers which
can do their own fighting.
The attackers were over German
controlled territory more than an
hour in their sustained challenge
to the Luftwaffe on its home
grounds.
Winging homeward, the raiders
attacked German patrol ships off
the coast.
Officially the Americans operated
under direct command of the United
Evening star., 1942-07-05
July Fourth
Continued From First Page.)

ing us today. Patriotic institutions
like the Fourth Of July renew their
vitality from today's vigor and faith.
You and I have no fear as to
Americas decision-we shall resolve
to conquer or die"
Secretary of State Hull issued a
holiday statement here. The spirit
of liberty and freedom which in
spired the founding and development
of the Nation 'is the spirit that
will win the war" he said, adding
that this spirit should be "revital-
lied and cultivated the fullest extent
by all of the United Nations and
their peoples"
Message From Petain.
To the White House went friendly
of congratulation from for
eign governments, including one
from Vichy. Signed by Marshal
Petain, Chief of State, it said:
"On the anniversary day OF the
American national holiday, I beg
Your Excellency to be good enough
to accept my very sincere wishes
for your personal happiness and
the prosperity of your country"
Queen Wilhelmina of the Neither
lands sent her message from Stock
bridge, Mass, where she is spending
the summer. King George II of
Greece wired from Ottawa.
Delegates from 20 Latin American
republics joined in expressing at
meeting Of the nter-American De-
fense Board sentiments OF friendship
and admiration for the United
States.
Congratulatory messages contain
ing expressions of friendship and
solidarity, were sent to President
and other high Govern
ment officials by the delegates on a
motion by Col. Parodi representing
Evening star., 1942-07-05

founding fathers, "the North Ameri-
can people have built the great ma
ton of today, a leader among the
nations with aspirations for democ-
racy and freedom for the peoples of
our continent"
President Fulgencio Batista of
Cuba pledged anew his country's
"unshakable solidarity and deep
friendship" for the United States in
a message.
The people Of Americas war allies
helped the celebration. Australians
pitched in with American soldiers
stationed there, and joined in their
sporting events, dances, contests and
oratory. Nelson Johnson, the United
States Minister, laid the cornerstone
for a new legation at Canberra, and
said 1t symbolized the faith America
had in Australia.
Holiday In Ecuador.
A holiday was decreed in Ecuador.
Havana had parade, and the Mex
lean congress held special meeting.
A London newspaper blazoned its
front page with the American flag
in color. The Chinese press paid its
tribute, and the governments in exile
of United Nations sent greetings.
Armed forces at the Panama
Canal observed the day on the alert
with the big coastal guns booming
in practice tests and the Army and
Navy air patrols checking in and out
Of headquarters.
Panama celebrated the holiday
after years lapse which was die
tated by the ousted pro-Axis presi-
dent, Arnulfo Arias. In a speech
President Ricardo Adolfo de la
Guardia declared, Churchill said
much blood must be spilled before
victory can be attained. I echo the
words of the Prime Minister and say
Panama is disposed to spill blood,
sweat and tears for this cause"
Mexico City named one of its
principal streets "Avenida Benjamin
Franklin" in an Independence Day
celebration. United States Ambas-
sador Messersmith, responding to a
dedicatory address, said this act is
a further demonstration Of Mexico's
vigorous spirit in continental soli-
darity."
Special Editions in Santiago.
The Santiago, Chile, newspapers
published special editions in honor
of the day. Col. Wendell Johnson,
U. s. military attache, placed a
wreath at the statue of Gen. Jose
Carrera, one Of the leaders of Chiles
war for independence.
At an Independence Day dinner in
Chungking in honor of the American
military mission, China's Minister of
War Hoying Chin asserted that
China had received during her five
years Of war the unreserved support
and sympathy Of her American
He gave a toast to Presi-
dent Roosevelt, Generalissimo Chi
ank Kai Shek and the final victory
Of the United Nations.
The American colony in Vinchy,
numbering about IS persons, were
entertained informally at buffet
luncheon by United States Charge
d'Affaires and Mrs. Tuck.
In. Moscow, Embassy officials,
Army and Navy officers and war
correspondents met after work at
Spaso House, the Embassy, for an
informal supper and a movie.
Evening star., 1942-07-05
LitvinoH Appears Optimistic
Despite Reverses for Allies
Soviet Ambassador Quietly Confident
About Final Outcome of War

the Soviet envoy displays a more
sympathetic understanding of the
difficulties confronting the British
than do some of the members of
his majesty's own government. Mr..
Litvinof points out that the Soviet
soldier is peasant who has IA
natical love of his own land. Even
the industrial worker in Russia has
not yet outgrown his attachment to
the soil-he recently walked into the
factory from his fields and still has
the earth under his flngernails.
The British soldier, on the other
hand, generally comes from genera
tions of factory workers. He has no
affection for the machine that pays
his wages and when he is asked to
fight in far-away countries, they
mean little to him in terms of per-
sonal patriotism. His attitude was
essentially different when England
herself was under bombardment and
British, not imperial soil, was
menaced.
Voroshiloff Is -Cobbler.
Russian military observers see the
British >generals as having a too
"sportmanslike" conception of war
fare for the successful waging of
modern war in which no punches
are outlawed. The Russian general,
who was not brought up to play
games according to certain rules
and traditions. adapts himself more
readily to the tricks of modern war.
The Russian commanders today
have all sprung from the peasant
class. Field Marshal Timoshenko,
it is reported, has not forgotten how
to milk a COW. Marshal Voroshiloff
was cobbler by profession and was
also born In peasants hut. These
leaders and the men who follow
them will cling to every inch of their
soil-according to Soviet representa-
tives here.
Evening star., 1942-07-05

Uncle Sam has an account with
the Axis. Help him pay it by hav-
ing an account with him and con-
vert 10 per cent of your income to
War bonds
Evening star., 1942-07-05
Worrenton Rotary Elects

WARRENTON, Va, July 4 (Spe-
abr. A. Fifield, Remington at
torney, has been elected president
of the Warrenton Rotary Club
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1942-11-02

the atmosphere at 10000 feet and
downward on parachute Jumpers
making q free fall.

the atmosphere at 10000 feet and
downward on parachute jumpers
making free fall.
Clothing. Tested ut 40 Below.
In another chamber, rugged up like
an icebox, was a soldier setting
clothes and equipment suitable to
withstand temperature of 40
degrees below zero, which was what
the thermometer registered where
he was sitting. He was dressed like
Sir Hubert wilkins on his way to
the South Pole-but without the
beard.
One Of the most interesting ex-
hibits was the various types of
planes on the line, including several
enemy samples picked up here and
there. In cases where actual models
Of German and Japanese planes
were not available, complete infor-
nation had been collected and tabu-
lated as to their performances.
When the Germans first brought
out their Focke-W ulf' 100 fighter the
British were eager to study it. They
didn't have to walt long, for q Ger
man pilot, for some reason still UNI
explained, flew over England, shot
down two British planes and then
came in and landed on an English
airfield to surrender.
Not only did they have the new
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1942-11-02

On our arrival, we were taken
through the Photographic labora-
tories, in charge Of Col. George w.
Goddard, where methods are being
developed and even now are per-
fected so the enemy will have no
secrets either day or night.
We were escorted through the
radio laboratory and then permitted
to inspect the airplane engines
those now in service, those in pros
pect, and samples of the enemy
products. The performance of each
as far as known was explained on
a comparative basis. If there were
errors, these were on the conserva-
tive side.
Orville Wright once said II you
could make q good enough engine,
you could fly around the world on a
barn door, and all they need now
are doors, except the Army is build
ing planes around these engines
which will protect the pilot with
armor, shoot down the enemy with
precision and fire power, and fly to
heaven In 20 minutes If steered
straight up.
In an effort to protect pilots
against all conceivable conditions, an
experimental station has been set
up. A demonstration was given show
ing the effect OF oxygen content OF
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1942-11-02

ington for the occasion and, with
Brig. Gen. Arthur w. Vanaman, in
command at Wright Field, showed
us the works. Both are soft-spoken,
experienced soldiers with long serv-
ice in the air arms, who know their
business, but it was only at the end
Of our tour we were able to persuade
them that publication of general
facts would be beneficial all around.
Then they pulled back the curtain
and showed everything, trusting to
our common sense not to tell what
should be a secret and to submit
what we write to the War Depart
ment for approval. to make doubly
sure nothing could slip in which
would be Of value to the enemy.
Since the war started, Hitler has
been talking about the secret and
devastating weapons the Germans
were ready to uncork whenever
things began to look tough, but so
far he has pulled few rabbits out Of
his hat except good generals and
sound military strategy. Our boys
haven't been doing much talking,
but I predict that within the next
six or eight months, Hitler and
Hirohito are in for q big surprise.
These mild United States officers
show you things which deserve the
title, Murder Is Our Business"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1942-11-02

As for our own fighters, the new
PAT (Republic Thunderbolt) is a
long range, high-altitude, fast fight
er while the P-39 and 40 are tough
medium altitude planes whose worth
has already been tested in battle,
so they cannot be considered mere
laboratory fighters. We are trying
to produce interceptors to knock
down bombers. So far in this war,
because of its light construction,
the Zero has proved q poor anti
bomber weapon.
We have P-38 which, when this
is written, has so far been untested
in actual battle over Europe, al
though these planes have made
two or three flights above enemy
territory without being attacked.
They have done well in Australia
and Alaska.
When asked about the British
Spitflre, which some critics Of our
planes have advocated using as =
model, Gen. Echols said:
Il Single Purpose Ship.
ut was built for one purpose,
which was to defend England, and
Is particularly suited to its work
and certainly saved London. How
ever, we have other problems for
our airplanes and bombers are get
ting tougher"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1942-11-02

plane, but In its pocket was q
pamphlet with detailed description
of the fighter and full instructions
about handling it. Apparently the
pilot was tired OF the war, but no
sound reason has ever been found
as to why he shot down the two
airplanes first.
AS has been published, the Jap
Zero was gotten in the Aleutians
when the pilot was shot, but the
plane landed in a marsh in such
q way no damage was done except
to the undercarriage, which was
easily repaired. It was first tested
by Navy pilots at San Diego and
then was to be brought to Wright
Field so the Army could fly 1t and
analyze its performance.
Proudest Of Big Bombers.
The Army is proudest, and justly
50, of its foresight in designing and
building long-range bombers like the
Flying Fortresses and Liberators.
These are intended for precision
bombing in daylight, because the
Army wanted to miss hospitals,
schools, churches, ETC., as Gen.
Echols explained. Therefore the
long-range fast bomber which could
hold its own with fighters was pro-
duced and has proved Its value In
action over Europe,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1942-11-02
U.S.. Has Goods in WorpIones,
Plant Visit Convinces Writer
Axis Leaders In for Painful Surprise
When Newest Types Enter Combat

have been criticizing the judgment
of the men in charge of the pro-
duction of fighter planes. I went
to Wright Field skeptical and came
back convinced we have the goods
and, furthermore, that this country
is entirely safe as far as defending
it goes.
Not only that, but we will furnish
the drive for final victory.
These Army men are real soldiers,
and they are not concerned about
their own regulations, but are in
terested in two things-winning the
war as promptly as possible and
protecting our flyers up to the
limit and giving them the best pos
sible tools with which to fight.
Assented to Publicity.
Maj. Gen. Oliver P. Echols, head
OF the Army Air Forces Materiel
Command. had flown from Wash
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1942-11-02
By JOHN WHEELER.


NEW YORK, Nov. 2-When a
group of us went to Wright Field.
Ohio, recently to inspect aviation
developments in the Army Air
Forces Laboratory there, it was not
intended that anything should be
published, because of the secret
nature of most of the information
given us, nor was it primarily sup
posed to be an answer to the critics
of the planes flown by the American
Army No attempt was made by
the officers in charge to convince
us by argument, but in soldierly,
quiet way they showed us what
they had and let the demonstra-
ton speak for itself.
In my opinion, it was complete
reply to Maj. Alexander de Seversky.
Mai, AL Williams and others who
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1942-11-02

3-PIECE DINETE SET
Tuesday Only 5.H
Imprinted dinette set smooth
Iy sonded. Pine dropleof toble,
34x24-in. when open, l8x24-
in. when eIosed-ond two hard
wood Windsor style chairs.
Extvo ehairs 80 each
Unbdisted Furniture, SereSfh
Floor.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1942-11-02

In conclusion, It can truthfully
be said the Army is not expecting
to lick the enemy with fly swatters,
as some critics would have you
believe. ..
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1942-11-02
Earthquake Shakes Durbon

DURHAM, Natal, Nov. 2 R.-Dur-
ban was shaken yesterday by two
earth tremors, each Of moderate
intensity. The second tremor lasted
20 seconds and was felt plainly
throughout the district. but no dam
age was reported Immediately.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1942-11-02

Adolph. Benito and Hirohito-the
three blind mice. Make them run
with war bonds.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1942-11-02

CHOICE OF THREE STYLES OF
HANDSOME LIVING ROOM CHAIRS
Comfortable living cho your three
Styles Club with blue nouo upholstery
GrpA Channel Back Barrel chair blue natural figured
tapestry and graceful Colonial Wing chair in wine, blue gold
cotton erosh All have reversible spring cushions
Funitue FoarHF oor,T he HeehtC Ct.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1942-11-02

Authentic reproduction Of Eorly
American Secretary, with lovely
veneered front, large shelves
for your books, 8 roonny drow-
ers. Mahogany, ropIe or wal
nut finished eunnwood.
Furniture, Fourth Floor.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1942-11-02

Fruit Of the Loom SHEETS
Tuesday o.l, I.79
The famous Fruit of : the Loom
sheets, woven l4C threads to
the square inch, and bleoched
snowy white. Size slxlO3z in,
with Gin. top hens.
slxll2K-in. Sheets 1911. 80
Sheets, Fifth Floor.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1942-11-02

Mahogany finished Primo Vera
veneers and ounwood. Spacious
4-drower chest with swelled
front, fully dust proofed top and
bottom. Just 20.
Furniture, Fourth Floor.
Imperial Valley press., 1942-07-14
GROWING RUBBER
ON THE FARM

Entirely aside from its wartime as
poets, the impetus given proposals to
produce synthetic rubber from farm
products is liable to be one of the most
important things that has ever happened
in American agriculture.
We have the war to thank for this: 1t
has broken down in part the powerful
forces which have opposed what is called
farm chemurgy - the production Of a
great many industrial items from pro
cessed agricultural crops The opposl-
ton is still powerful, it is by no means
unsuccessful yet, and it may still block
a great measure of development-bu at
least public attention has been centered
on the possibilities which monopoly OF
one kind and another have thus far kept
in the background.
The proposed alcohol producing plant
in Imperial Valley, if it can be obtained
and placed in operation, might concelv-
ably contribute to the production of
lot of things besides alcohol for syn
thetic rubber. Chemurgy is a subject
requiring many books for full treatment;
it is enough to point out here that our
own farm products If properly procesSed,
could be used in the manufacture OF cloth
ing, building materials motor fuels, plas-
tics from which a million things can be
made, and long list Of other products.
1t has been the same in many fields
as it is in the production of alcohol itself.
Manufacturers controlling the output OF
industrial alcohol today want to produce
it outside of the United States and ship
it here, because low labor and cheap
materials make production cheaper and
profit higher. They oppose the develop
ment of plants in this country for the
production of alcohol for that reason;
they are afraid that their monopoly would
be broken after the war
Such a policy, of course, is not in the
best interests of we'll rounded national
economy, and does more to block than
to promote a fuller future The more
development we can have in this country,
the surer we will be that no future crisis
will find us as short in critical materials
as we are this time. And the more pro-
ducers we have here, the greater will be
our national income, and our national
purchasing power.
Imperial Valley press., 1942-07-14
WAR LOOKS BAD TO
MEN CLOSE UP

(OrOville Mercury-Register)
Gloom is said to have descended over
Washington as a result Of the war stua-
ton. The President touched new depth
in spirits when referring to the possibil
ity that tires would be seized He used
the expression trying to save the ma
ton" 1t was his most ominous statement
since the war began.
Washington is said to regard the
chances of holding the Suez canal as
$3.50, and no one there is optimistic about
Russia. That includes the Russians in
Washington.
When one wakes to the fact that the
drive on Suez was just a sideshow. de-
signed to occupy the British while the
Germans cleaned up on Russian oil, the
situation looks still worse. A foe that
can deliver feint that lands like knock
out doesn't offer much to be optimistic
about.
The impression has been gaining of
late, that We have all along, been placing
too much reliance on our ability to pro
duce." We have heard little else. The
story has been that a nation that can
produce airplanes, tanks, ships and muni-
tions as We can is unbeatable The hard
fact is that nation must not only be a
super producer but must be willing to
sacrifice mems lives lavishly to win a
war like this one.
The Germans all along have had the
machines, but in addition to that they
have an army composed of men willing
to fight to the death. The japanese seem
to share that trait
We are going to have to realize that
this is not world series game that we
can watch from the bleachers. We are
going to have to be willing to fight and
die for our country. And before it is
through even the married men may have
to realize that they can't pass the buck
to the youngsters.
The power shown by the Germans indi-
Gates that the worst fears for the sum
mer may be realized.