davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-11-18

major" in referring to any of the
battles in the Pacific theater He
still did not describe it as decisive.
Despite this crushing blow ad-
ministered to numerically SUI
perior Japanese fleet, the President
said in his speech that gigantic
job" remained to be done. He said
battle lines stretching from Kiska
to Murmansk and from Tunisia to
Guadalcanal would lengthen as our
forces advance.
Assailing "loose talk" and what
he considered politically inspired
criticism OF the war effort, the
President said that persons without
access to all the facts almost in
evitable speak from guesswork.
They do not know the facts"
he asserted, land, therefore, the
value of their statements becomes
greatly reduced. Nor, must we in
the actual progress of the war, lend
ears to the clamor of politics or to
criticism from those who, as we
known in our hearts, are actuated
by political motives"
Publicity Policy Defended.
He defended the administrators
policy of withholding some spot
news about naval losses and other
war developments until it Is clear
that the information will not help
the enemy.
The relatively few people who
know the facts here, he said, are pre-
cluded from discussing these facts
publicly except in general terms be-
cause IF they did they would almost
inevitably say things which would
help the people who are trying to
destroy u.s."
The President said he himself had
tried to keep politics out of the war,
but he confessed to making one mis-
take. That was in permitting an
nouncement of the loss of an uni
Identified aircraft carrier in the Pa
cific late last month when the jap
anese did not know her fate.
A great issue had been raised in
Congress and elsewhere, the Chief
Executive said, over suppression OF
news from fighting fronts and he
yielded to the clamor.
He said he did so partly because,
If the sinking had been disclosed
two or three weeks later, it would
have been charged publicly that he
had suppressed the news until after
the election.
The President paid tribute to his
formal naval aide, Rear Admiral
Daniel j. Callaghan, who was killed
in last weeks battle. Admiral CAL
laghan was aboard the cruiser San
Francisco. which engaged and hit
three enemy vessels, including bat
tleship, sinking one of them.
Social Reform Sidetracked.
Mr.. Roosevelt indicated during
the course of his speech that the
New Deals long-range social re-
forms have been shelved for the
time being.
I'm time of peace he said, every
variety of problem and issue is an
interesting subject for public dis
cussion. But in time of war the
American people know that the one
all-important Job before them is
fighting and working to win.
Therefore, of necessity, while
long-range social and economic
problems are by no means forgot
ten, they are little like books which
for the moment we have laid aside
in order that we might get out the
old atlas to learn the geography Of
the battle areas"
Evening star., 1942-11-18

markets, materials and management
methods. Especial service has been
rendered to the small exporter and
importer. The field offices of the
department have served as business
advisory centers, particularly during
the defense and war period as the
Government has become the DOM
inant buyers"
The Justice Department has
small-business clinic, though that's
not its official name. This is unit
set up by Thurmond Arnold, head
OF the Anti Trust Division. But its
work encompasses far more than
investigating occasional reported
violations Of the antitrust law.
Chalmers Hammil, a lawyer with
business experience, heads the unit
and it is stated largely by attorneys
with similar background. More of
this unit later.
OPA is trying in various ways to
help the distributors of consumer
goods and services. Sometimes price
ceilings are adjusted to prevent the
little fellows from being squeezed
out between production and ulti-
mate sale. Methods and simplifying
inventories and removing the frills
from merchandising have been sug-
gested.
Special Organization Favored.
The American Small Business
Congress, just In process of COM
pleting its organization, is planning
to tight for small business on a Ma
t1onwide front. Theodore Crank,
Washington attorney, is general
counsel.
While the agencies engaged In
coping with different facets of the
problem may differ on remedies.
they agree pretty well on what they
face, on the difficulties involved.
Small manufacturers lack the
money, the personnel, the contacts
to get the sort of subcontracts they
can handle, though many of them
are well equipped to do war work or
to turn out essential civilian prod
ucts. Others lacking such equipment
often can be converted into produc-
tive outlets of immediate value.
Small retailers and wholesalers,
even some of the larger ones, are
hard hit by scarcity of certain goods,
rationing of others, ceiling prices,
curtailment of transportation. Some
distributors-in the aggregate, a
great many-haVe devoted them
selves entirely or for the most part
to articles which are out OF circula-
ton for the duration. The shift in
manpower to the armed services and
to production centers has left
many virtually without help.
How to ease these burdens, to save
many businesses, if possible, from
temporary, perhaps permanent, ex-
tinction, is one of the Governments
most serious economic perplexities.
(Tomorrow-The General Store.)
Evening star., 1942-11-18

out of the Senate Banking and
Currency Committee and became
known, as the Murray-Patman Act
which set up the Smaller War
Plants Corp. and resulted in the
correlating small business division of
the War Production Board.
Headed by Small Businessman.
The corporation, concerned pri-
marily with increasing war produc-
ton by utilizing every facility, is
authorized to lend money to small
plants to enable them to engage in
essential work. The WPB division
is charged with helping the smaller
manufacturers line up Government
contracts.
Lou E. Holland, himself a small
businessman, heads both organiza-
tions. He is chairman of the board
of the Smaller War Plants Corp.
and deputy chairman of WPB for
smaller war plants. The post Of
deputy chairman was created by the
act, and Mr.. Holland was placed
in it by WPB Chairman Donald
M. Nelson.
How seriously Mr.. Holland regards
the problem is indicated by a state
ment which he made recently be-
fore the House Small Business Com
mittee. He said he could take the
committee into towns of 5000 or
5000 population and show what he
meant.
They are the backbone of Amer
ica," Mr.. Holland pointed out, and
he added: You will find the public
square with vacant buildings on it,
and John Jones, who has been in a
general store for years, has gone out
of business and the store Is vacant,
and the community cannot collect
Evening star., 1942-11-18
81 Dividend Declared
By District National
Securities Corp.
First Payment in More
Thon Decade Voted
On a Preferred
BY EDWARD C. STONE.

Directors of the District National
Securities Corp. have declared
dividend of 50 per share on the
Glass A preferred stock, payable De-
cember to shareholders of record
November 20, Capt. Chester Wells,
president, announced today.
This is the first dividend to be
declared in more than 10 years, the
records show. The corporation was
organized by officers of the District
National Bank to conduct business
in real estate. When the District
National Bank closed its doors, the
real estate firm was left to operate
independently.
Recently business has been i'm
proving steadily. The company's
office is in the Colorado Building.
The preferred stock is sold over the
counter, the latest bid standing at
$50 share.
Bank Women on Committee.
Miss S. Winifred Burwell, assist
ant trust officer, National Metropoli-
Evening star., 1942-11-18
Union Agent Calls
Labor Draft Proof
Of VINO Failure
48-Hour Week Move
To Cut Workers Poy.
He Tells Senators
By the Associated Press.

oS VAe ASSOClaVeO H1eSS
A charge that a War Manpower
Commission request for labor con-
scription was "a confession Of its
own failure in great administrative
task" was made before a Senate
Labor Subcommittee today by A. L.
Wegener, a unicn representative.
Mr.. Wegener of the International
Brotherhood Of Electrical Workers
also accused advocates of an increase
IN the work week from 40 to 48
hours of playing politics" and said
the proposal offered mo solution
at ALL"
Resents Compulsion Idea.
He declared he resented" the
implication that labor was inefficient
and "the idea that labor needs to
be compelled to do its patriotic
duty"
We are fighting this war for
freedom and voluntary action and
not for compulsion," Mr.. Wegener
testified. I'VE believe the very request
from the Manpower Commission
that labor CONSUMPTION be put into
enect Is a confession of its own
failure" A
Electricians, he asserted. alreadv
work AZ hours and more, and he de-
scribed fiat 48-hour work week
proposal as "an effort to cut down
labors income" to leave more
money for the employers to make
profit"
Opposes Labor Draft,
Mr.. Wegener said the labor draft.
If instituted, with the freezing of
men to their jobs, would lessen total
production ''by lowering morale"
Labor conscription and chaining
workers to jobs is a lazy way to do a
managerial task" he continued. 1--WE
do not believe that it is inaccurate to
state that if the Manpower Com
mission had functioned admini-
stratively at its full powers, these
problems would have been solved"
Evening star., 1942-11-18
(continued PROM First Page. )

and wondering how they're going to
keep open.
Congressional committees and a
number of Federal agencies and pri-
vate associations are deeply con-
cerned Off1cials of these groups are
not willing for the Government to
accept a laissez-faire attitude, with
the apology that it's only for the
duration. They feel that small
business should be preserved, to the
extent reasonably possible, during
the war.
It would not be easy afterward,
they point out, for those forced out
to reopen their shops. Many never
would be able to. And if neighbor-
hood stores-the grocer, the baker,
the dry goods shop, the general store
at the crossroads-are allowel to
perish, something irreplacable will
have gone out of American life,
they'll tell you. So with the modest
foundry and the factory that en-
ploys, perhaps so persons, but may
have been a proud community enter
prise for half a century.
Senator Murray, Democrat, of
Mc~Sana, chairman of the Senate
Committee on Small Business, re-
Gently summarized the objective to-
ward which he and his colleagues
are working. The committee men,
bers, he said, "realize that there are
bound to be many war casualties
among small concerns" and he
added:
"But we are bending every effort
to protect the fabric of small busi-
ness against needless injury, so that
the democratic principles of free en-
terprise may be preserved while the
war is on, and an opportunity be
provided for its expansion in our
American economy after the war;"
Backbone" of America.
Representative Patman, Democrat,
of Texas, chairman of the House
Small Business Committee, told The
Star:
Small business is the backbone of
America, and we must do everything
in our power to preserve it. We must
not wait until after the war-that
may be too lates The small mer-
chant not only is an expression of
democracy, of the right of every
man to embark on a business enter
prise, but his store is an essential
part of community life.
'If people in the country and in
small towns have to 60 miles to buy
their necessities, or order them by
mail, community life will gradually
disappear. We need more rather
than fewer communities. And the
community spirit is highly impor-
tant to morale during the war"
The two committees have held ex-
tensive hearings and have made
helpful recommendations. Mean
while, their members helped push
through Congress bill whichrcame
Evening star., 1942-11-18
ICC Authorizes Bond Issue

The Interstate Commerce Com
mission authorized the Alabama
Great Southern Railroad yesterday
to issue $9,500,000 of first mortgage
3A per cent bonds, series A, to be
sold at 98.577 per cent and accrued
interest from November /. The pro-
ceeds will be used In the retirement
OF some bonds which mature De-
cember l.
Evening star., 1942-11-18
FOREIGN Exchunoe

NEW YORK. Nov. 1S l1.-Late foreign
exchange rates follow tGreat Britain in
dollars, others IN centsl; .
rates for United States dollars: Buying. i'd
per cent premium; selling, II per cent pre-
dian dollars in New York Of buying, g.0I
per cent; selling. 900 per cent.
Canadian dollar in New York open mar
ket; II per cent discount or $500 United
States cents.
Europe-0reat Britain, ,oficial (Bank-
ers'. FOREIGN Exchange Committee rates),
buying, 4.02; selling. 4.04, open market;
cables, 4.04 :
Latin America-Arsentina, ofncial,
297 free, 23;64 Oh LOO cent: Brazil,
:, Rates In spot cables unless otherwise In
dicated. n Nominal.
Evening star., 1942-11-18
Druft
Continued From First Page.)

June that 2,l55 men had been
granted occupational deferments,
but this total has expanded con-
siderably since then. the FBI onicial
said.
National Selective Service head
quarters said the initiative in can
ceiling Federal deferments had been
laid at the door Of the various
agency heads, but that when local
boards In re-checking came on Fed
eral employees who had been de-
ferred. they would not continue the
deferments.
In Q memorandum to all depart
ments and agency heads yesterday,
the President said be was .most
anxious to make sure that no man
should be deferred from military
service by reason II his employment
u any Federal department Or agency
Evening star., 1942-11-18
Youths
Continued From First Page.)

local board nevertheless Classics
the man as available for military
service or for assignment to work
of national Importance"
Selective service said similar pro-
cedure would be followed in other
scientific and specialized fields
where critical shortages develop,
and national committees will be set
up in those fields.
Farm Labor Restrictions.
Selective Service Director Lewis B
Hershey also announced today that
men deferred as essential farm
workers must get approval of their
draft boards if they wish to leave
their jobs or else be classified as
available for immediate military
service.
This applies to married men with
children as we'll as to all others,
selective service aides said, and Is
effective Immediately.
The regulation was revealed In an
announcement of instructions sent
by Gen. Hershey to local boards
covering provisions of the new draft
act which lowers the minimum age
to 18.
The 18 and 19-year- who
registered last June 80 are to be
called for induction in the order of
their birthdates so far as prac-
ticeable, with the oldest being called
first.
EnliStments Forbidden.
In addition to ordering local
boards to reclassify men who quit
essential farm work without ad-
vance notice, the instructions for
bade the board to release any farm
deferred men "for voluntary en-
listment in either land or naval
forces"
Gen. Hershey's action also cleared
the way for classification of farms
themselves so as to distinguish "es-
sential" from "non-essential" farms
Asserting that farm workers would
mot lose their deferment If they
change from one necessary farm
Job to another or from one 'neces-
sary' farm to another of the same
nature" his announcement added:
But If the deferred farm worker
seeks to move from his necessary
farm to a job in industry or on a
non-necessary farm or elsewhere
he must first obtain the permission
of his local board"
Two New ClassificatiOns.
Two new classifications were set
up for deferred farm workers,
Those with dependent wives, chill
dren or other grounds for depend
ency will be put in Glass sc and
those without dependency grounds
in Glass &c.
Those engaged on part-time
basis on "war-essential farms and
farm Jobs and those "seasonally or
temporarily engaged" will not be
eligible for deferment," Gen. Her
shey said.
Gen. Hershey's instructions gov
erning 10 and 10 years olds defined
more precisely which schoolboys in
that age group may. by applying in
writing, obtain postponement of in
duction until the end Of the school
year in the spring.
Local boards were told that the in
duction postponements could be
granted to boys in ANY institution
giving the usual courses of study
in the 9th. 10th, 18th or 18th grades
of education and applies only to
those grades in such schools.
THE intent of the law is to in
clude only the courses of study of
the usual high school level work
and not to include elementary or
grammar school level work and uni
versity or college level work"
Evening star., 1942-11-18

tan Bank, re-
Gently appointed
chairman of the
M e m b e r S h ip
Committee of
the National As
S o c i a t ion of
Bank Women,
by President
Henrietta Fuchs,
t o d ay a n =
nounced p
pOlntment of the
other commit
tee members.
On account Of
t r a n sportation
Evening star., 1942-11-18
Bankers Acceptonces
Decline $4,9l3,000
BY the Associated Press,

By the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, Nov. 18.-Bankers'
acceptances outstanding at the end
of October amounted to $118, ,581 900,
a decline of $4.913,000 from the to-
tai at the end of September, the
Federal Reserve Bank of New York
announced today. The amount out
standing at the end of October, 1941
was $184 ,806 900.
Most of the drop from the pre-
ceding month and last year was
accounted for by paper covering
imports.
Evening star., 1942-11-18
Washington Exchange
SALES,

SALES.
Capital Traction 1st $500 at
1055s.
Washington Gas Light common-50
at Is, so at Is.
Capital Transit Colo at 26.
Riggs National Bank common-14 at
247k.
Evening star., 1942-11-18
Roosevelt
Continued From First Page

tory" against the Japanese In the
Solomon Islands.
Major Victory In Solomons.
At press conference earlier, the
President had said the defeat of
the japanese In that engagement,
in which the Navy listed enemy
losses at % vessels against two Of
our light cruisers and half q dozen
destroyers, could be termed major
victory.
This was the first time Mr..
Roosevelt had used the word
Evening star., 1942-11-18
Gold Relics Aid Fund

Natives of South Africa are con-
tributing many relics to the collec-
ton of gold articles to raise funds
for the soldiers.
Evening star., 1942-11-18

Chicago Cash Market.
No wheat. Corn, new, No. 3 yellow,
7612-s1: No. 4. 74h-s9; sample grade,
6s; old corn, No. 2 yellow, sO-s3A;
No: 3, 81: No; 4. 60h; sample grade, So.
ley mailing. s5-1.O4 nominal; feed, "a -65
nominal. Field seed per hundredweight
nominal. Timothy 4.75-5.OO; alsike,
17.OO-21 80; fancy, red top, 7.OO-5O red
clover, 1S.00-22 so: sweet clover, ZOO
900.
Evening star., 1942-11-18
Weather Report

FURNISHED Bureau
District OF Coumba-Brief continued warm
tonight gentle winds "
Maryland-Bref light rain continued warm tonight
the central and north portion tt,.
change in temperature tonight ~ r' ~
Evening star., 1942-11-18

Spot cotton closed steady. 20 cents a
bale higher. Sales. 4,943 Low middling.
1901; middling, 1925: good middline,
1871. Receipts, $780, stock. 30s. AL.
Evening star., 1942-11-18
asper. fer Las. n nsurs.

Rscsrd fer Last - Hsurs.
rrom noon yesterday to noon today.)
Hishest, II, Ut 4 p.m. Tear ago. 10.
Lowest 81, at 2:l6 am. Year Ago, ~.
1sesfd rsaSsratsfss III Ter.
Hisheet. %, "a July 10.
l0vsst =. on JanuAxy ~.
1aai1ity fsr taA ~ nessn
tFrom noea yestsrday - neon todayJ
fs'ss:s fss::s 4 - = ~ ~ . = 3S 3S -: -.
Evening star., 1942-11-18
New York Cotton
By the Associated Press.

oS Vic aoSOCldCCu E1eSos
NEW YORK, Nov. 18.-Persistent
buying for trade and mill account
associated with price fixing opera
tions against larger Government
textile awards, lent a steady tone to
cotton futures today.
After opening easy on December
liquidation and hedge selling, the
market rallied and maintained a
steady upward trend.
Liquidation in December was
easily absorbed through price-fixing
and covering.
Late afternoon values were IS to
SIS cents a bale higher; December,
1925; March, 1855. and May, 1855
Futures closed % to so cents bale
Evening star., 1942-11-18

New Orleans Prices.
NEW ORLEANS, Nov 1S LP.-Bullish
strength in cotton futures here today.
Closing prices were steady, 40 to 45 cents
a bale higher
Evening star., 1942-11-18

River Repoft.
Potomac and Shenandoah clear ut Har-
pefs Ferry. Potomac clear at Great Falis,
Weather in Various Cities,
Evening star., 1942-11-18
IFec}ufkaff0n.

Monthly precipitation in inches in the
Capital (current month to date):
Evening star., 1942-11-18

PUBLIC UTILITY
Evening star., 1942-11-18

FURNISHED BY Omitted States Coast and
Geodetic Survey.
Evening star., 1942-11-18
BONDS
STOCKS
PUBLIC UTILITY,

Ter Ref&W Cp 1st 4As 194s 1891
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1942-12-14
Sorority Conducts
Formal Initiation

Many alumni were present sat
urday when Theta Lambda Sigma
Sorority conducted a formal initil.
ton and luncheon in Charles Nc
Kenny Hall. Those initiated were
Misses Donna Henuigar. Oscoda,
Betty Smurthwaitc, Flint, Barbara
Holland. Birmingham. Dorothy Nit
chell Detroit. Mary Jane Thomas.
Pontiac, and Margaret GcloN, sag
NAV.
Miss Betty Jackson, Detroit
president Of the sorority conducted
the initiation. and was assisted by
Miss celia Lewis. Plymouth. assist
ant mistress of ceremonies, aud
Miss Mary Steimle. Ipsilanti, Miss
Beulah Martin, Birmingham, Miss
Mary Ellen Neeriug, Bay city, Miss
Linda Stewart, Nj. Clemens, and
Miss Mary Jane Lewis, Corunua.
The luncheon which followed ne
initiation ceremony, was i'm the
Women's Lounge Of Mckenny liall
Miss Mildred Mack, Detroit. Was
toastmistress, first introducing Miss
Jackson. who welcomed the guests
She then introduced the new mem
bers, and also honored four others
who were initiated at special cere
mouy earlier this fall They were
Miss Dorothy Golczynski. Npsilanti
Miss Eleanor Young, Holly, Miss
Jane BOWL. Detroit, and elisabeth
Levin, Detroit.
Mrs. John Alden, sorority patron
css. spoke briefly ON the important
part which a sorority may play in
developing ones social character
after which Miss Mary Jane Ken
field gave a response from the int
tiates. Miss Mack introduced the
alumni present, and the program
concluded with group singing of sor
GRITTY songs and Christmas carols
led by Miss Young.
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1942-12-14
Semi-AnnuaI Luncheon
Held by Sigma Nu Phi

Three new members were initial
ed into the Sigma M Phi Sorority
Saturday, as the sorority held its
semi-anuual initiation luncheon in
Charles McKenny Hall. Those I'M
tiated were Miss Shirley Oatman,
Holland, Miss Melba Heck, Ypsi-
lanti, and Miss Beryl Kuehne, De
troit.
Miss Olga Podayko, Albion. presi-
dent, conducted the initiation GER
emory She was assisted by Miss
Bette BetWee. Detroit. Miss Emily
Mock, Toledo, Miss Maryon Plesha,
Detroit. Miss Maxine Snow, Spring
port. aud Miss Mary Battelle, Hpsi-
lanti.
Mrs. Elton Rynearson, sorority
patroness, was the speaker at the
luncheon which followed the initia-
ton. She spoke on the history of
TIE sorority, mentioning former sor-
ority patronesses and faculty ad-
yisors. and also discussed plans TO
be made preparatory to the cele-