davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-03-23
Ship Sinkinqs

The rate at which merchant ships
are being sunk by submarines off
the Atlantic coast-only little less
than one day-makeS it clear that
we have yet to develop any effective
countermeaSureS to this latest Axis
threat. There are encouraging indi-
cations, however, that the gravity Of
this threat is being more fully appre-
ciated and that more aggressive
plans to check it are being put into
effect.
Undoubtedly the Germans have
brought the technique of undersea
warfare to a high degree of perfec-
ton, but the success they have
achieved in our Atlantic coastal
waters is due to something more than
their own efficiency. One contrib
uting factor has been our own in
ability to detach destroyers and other
ships suitable for surface patrol work
from other vitaHy important duties.
During these opening months of war
the facilities of the Navy have been
taxed to the utmost by the necessity
of guarding large conveys of men and
materiel across ocean routes extend
ing half way around the world. This
was the primary job and to do it
effectively-as it has been done
called for all the strength that could
be mustered
It also seems clear, however. that
In many cases merchant ship op-
orators have neglected to take pre-
cautions which might have saved
them from submarine attack. Re-
ports that number of ships have
been destroyed by submarines which
surfaced only a few hundred feet
away reveal that these vessels were
not equipped with deck guns, either
as a result of negligence or OF in
ability to secure these defensive
weapons. Deck guns. of course, do
not give immunity from submarine
attack but they do make the task
of the submersible more difficult.
At the least, they compel the raider
to attack without surfacing and force
him to use expensive torpedoes in
stead of gunfire against the intended
victim. In other instances, it is
indicated that merchant ship own
ers have refused to follow specified
sea lanes where some sort Of pro-
tective patrol is maintained. some
have insisted on running at night
instead of putting into harbor for
protection, while still others have
not only continued to operate at
night, but have ignored instructions
to extinguish their running lights,
believing the danger of submarine
attack to be less than that of COL
lision.
These contributing causes to ship
ping losses can be eliminated i'm
mediately. 1t is also to be ex-
pected that greater protection can
be provided as new ships suitable for
surface patrolling come into service.
At best. however, relief from this
source will be slow in materializing,
as the need for the new ships is
hardly less acute in other quarters.
In these circumstances, it seems
that our principal reliance must be
placed on greater use of patrol bomb
ers and blimps The effectiveness
OF these weapons against U-boats
already has been demonstrated, and
as they become available in in
creaSing numbers it should be pos
sible to drive enemy submarines out
to sea so that at least a measure of
security will be afforded merchant
ships which are willing to stay close
to the shore line.
Evening star., 1942-03-23

@. What is measuring worm?-F.
DE
A. The so-called measuring worm Is
the larva of the geometridae, a family
of moths. 1t is noted for its peculiar
looping method of travel which makes
it appear to be measuring the distance
it goes.
O. How long has No 10 Downing Street
been the residence of the British Prime
Minister'S. T. F.
A. The house was formerly the resi-
dence Of Sir Robert Walpole, Prime
Minister from 1721 to 1742. He be-
queathed it to the nation and ever since
it has been the official town residence
OF the Prime Minister
@. Why was April II selected TO be
Pan-American Day?-G. FM.
A. Pan American Day is observed on
April "A because on that date in 1890
the First International Conference of
American States, meeting in Washing
ton, D. c., adopted a resolution which
resulted in the creation of the organiza.
ton known today as the Pan-American
Union.
@. Is there weight by the name
gamma "?-M. C. r.
A. The gamma is the unit of weight
used by microchemists and equals one
millionth part of gram. This is, ap-
proximately, the weight of large dust
particle.
@. Who was the ruler who wished to be
reminded from time to time that he
was mortal?-K K C..
A The ruler was Philip of Macedon,
II Is recorded that servant in his au-
dience room was required to say to him.
Phillip. remember that thou art mortal"
@. Has the vicuna ever been domesti-
cated?-W. w.
A. 1t has never been found possible
to domesticate the vicuna and the animal
has to be killed before its hair can be
obtained. The vicuna has UNIQUE
method of warding of attack. 1t neither
bites nor kicks but emits a saliva with
deadly accuracy that is aimed at the
white of its opponents eye.
@. How great is normal days trafiic
in the Holland Tunnel?-B. T.
A. For an average day the Holland
Tunnel carries approximately $1,000 cars.
The peak day occurred on Sunday, April
15 1941, with So $50 total trafic.
@. What causes navel oranges to be
seedleSS?-G. T.
A. The flowers of the navel orange do
not produce pollen and so their fruits
are seedless.
@. Which State first had an old-age
pension laws. E. C.
A. Montana was the first State in the
Union to have an old-age pension law,
the effective date of which was March 5,
1928 Alaska had an old-age pension
law in 1915.
O. How much did the London Times
pay Rudyard Kipling for THE Recess
sional"?-A. T. c.
A. The editor directed Kipling to name
the amount He, however, refused to
receive money for his poem,
Evening star., 1942-03-23
Man Power SHORTAGE

AAAS llSSNocltlCO vi GOUdl wal die
forcing the Government to revise
drastically pre-Pearl Harbor policies
respecting mobilization of the Ma
tion's man power. Just as the lid
has been lifted on expenditures for
guns and planes and tanks, so former
estimates of the number of men
needed to man this equipment on
worldwide battle fronts and to turn
out additional supplies on the
equally vital production front are
being raised to meet unforeseen re-
quirements of war that to date has
been going against us.
Rejecting the gravity Of the de-
veloping man power needs are the
decision of selective service officials
to tighten up on occupational defer
ments, the fixing of April q as regis
tration day for men from forty five
to sixty-four years old, press confer
ence remarks by President Roosevelt
about an impending labor shortage
and discussion at the Capitol of the
possibility that men and women may
have to be drafted for non-combat-
ant war work.
With the Army planning to boost
its strength from 100000 to more
than 100000 this year-chiehy
through rapid expansion of the Air
Corps-and with that total expected
to be doubled and multiplied even
further as the system for inducing
and training men is expanded to
meet growing needs of the armed
services on land, afloat and in the
air, selective service Headquarters
has ordered draft boards to grant
occupational defermentS only to men
engaged in actual war production or
In work necessary to sustain the war
effort. Moreover, Brigadier General
Hershey, selective service director,
has disclosed that reclaSSification of
men deferred for support of de-
pendents is being considered, with
view to bringing more men actively
into war service, either as combat
ants or as workers in industry. Thus,
men in class 3-A who are not doing
essential war work may find them
selves reclassified as At for imme-
diate combat service.
The law providing for the April 27
registration does not authorize a
draft of man power for combat or
industrial duty, but it is interesting
to note that registrants will be re-
quired to fill out papers giving full
information as to their occupational
training and skills. While the Presi-
dent has indicated that no imme-
diate plan exists for drafting men
into industry, the data obtained in
the registration next month would
be helpful in the event so drastic
move were deemed vital to the win
ming of the war. Before any such
step is seriously considered, every
effort should be made to utilize to the
fullest degree the available supply
OF volunteer man and woman power,
through expansion of education and
training programs in colleges and
industries, through transfer of work.
ers from non-essential jobs to war
work and through replacement of
draft-age workers by older men and
by women. Wholehearted co-opera-
ton by the people must be forth
coming if unprecedented compulsory
measures are to be avoided.
Evening star., 1942-03-23

It is stated that in the long voyage
across the Southern Pacific the per-
sonnel of United States ships is me-
ticuouSly careful to leave nothing
foating-not even an orange peel
to betray their presence. When it
is all over. members of this group
could become excellent keymen for
a keep the parks clean" movement
at home.
Evening star., 1942-03-23

Although nothing in particular
happened very quickly thereafter, a
retrospect of our own Civil War shows
that the tide really turned when
Ulysses Simpson Grant was moved
up into a wider sphere Of activity.
May 1t be so also as to another gen.
eral with another Scottish name.
Evening star., 1942-03-23

United Nations are announced as
watching carefully" the great island
of Madagascar. They watched a
number of strategic places that there
is now no use in watching further.
Just off, or just on, this island would
seem to be a good place to sink for
ever that baleful "too little and too
late" combination,
Evening star., 1942-03-23
Letters to the Editor

Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address OF
the ,Driter, although the use OF
a pseudonym for publication is
permissible. The Star reserves
the right to edit all letters 10ith
Uie1D to condensation.
Evening star., 1942-03-23
Proposes Plan for Saving
Containers for Reuse.

To the Editor Of The Star:
If you think this worthy of mention,
would like to suggest the following:
That the officials of the various COM
munities all over the United States write
the various manufacturers and ascertain
if they would like to get their empty
containers back for reuse. If so, would
they be willing to pay the freight charges
on the return of same and be willing to
pay the cost of collecting and shipping
same, prorated on basis Of carload lots
shipped to each manufacturer during
that month?
The American people destroy each year
enough usable material to win the war.
Carl. I. EURIN.
Evening star., 1942-03-23
EverybOdy's Coin BoOk-A 80

Everybody's Coin Book-A 80
page publication which treats of
the origin and development of
coins, of famous collections, of
rare, curious and valuable pieces,
OF strange customs that sur
round their use, of how values
and prices are established, and of
how to start a collection. 1t is
an interesting and most informa-
tive treatment of the subject, and
beginners will find it invaluable.
To secure your copy inclose 10
cents in coin, wrapped in this
clipping and mail to The Star
Information Bureau.
Name
Address
Evening star., 1942-03-23

REGARDLESS of whether they intended to
or not, have done more for the material
Improvement of the little fellow" than
any other group in America. Who was
it that pushed into being the dozens
upon dozens of great factories and plants
throughout the country that have not
only enriched the communities wherein
they are located but the Nation as
whole? Who was it that brought to
reality the development of the Nations
mineral and chemical resources, thereby
giving employment to millions OF men
and women? And who was it that car
ried into existence the railroads, the
steamship lines, the bus lines the air
plane lines which are operated by the
little fellows" from every section of the
Nation? Certainly it was not many OF
the labor leaders or the politicians who
now are exploiting the self-pity and
coyetousness of the little fellow" by
telling him that they are out to shield
him from the "evil big businessmen"
This anti-big business preachment is
the same that brought about the perse-
cution of the Jews in Germany, the
wholesale slaughter of thousands in
Russia and the war efforts of Germany,
Japan and Italy; and unhesitatingly
predict that, If 1t is not stopped in Amer
lea, it soon is going to bring about Sc
rious trouble here. j. j. SPERRY.
Thinks Waste of Money Involved
In Change Of Defense Bonds Name.
To the Editor of The Star:
Every person in America knows what
q Defense bond stands for. Even little
children who are spending their pennies
for stamps know what those stamps sig
Nifty Would the change from Defense"
to Victory" or "War" bonds speed the
peace? I refer to an article in The Star
on March IL.
Thousands of our American boys are
in foreign lands, where they stand ready
to give their lives. Thousands also are
being trained here at home and soon will
take their places in that great Army OF
men who are fighting to defend the
rights of free people. The money that
would be required to make this change
of terminology would build planes and
guns for those courageous men. The
President has said that even one plane,
one tank, one gun or one ship may prove
decisive at the scene of action. Every
penny counts now if we are to win this
war. MRS. JAMES A. ALLEN.
Evening star., 1942-03-23

Warns Against Danger
of "Preachment" Against Big Business.
To the Editor Of The Star:
The practice of painting big business
men as conscienceless, greedy creatures
who have been and still are consistently
waiting for an opportunity to gobble up
the poor widows mite or to disinvest
the "little fellow" of his two-acre farm,
In my opinion, is not only both un-
Christian and undemocratic, but the pic
ture painted Is almost . complete dis
tortion of the fact.
The truth is this: Big businessmen,
Evening star., 1942-03-23
Praises Campaign
To Salvage Paper.

To the Editor Of The Star:
I wish to take this opportunity to ex-
press to The Star the appreciation OF the
Commissioners for the splendid Coop
Grafton with the Governments sponsored
salvage for Victory" program as ex-
emplified in your excellent p. T. A.-Star
Paper Campaign.
The cooperation and initiative OF The
Star in all programs having to do with
the common benefit of the citizens OF
the District Of Columbia is Of tre-
mendous influence in bringing about the
success of any program based on citizen
participation.
The Commissioners feel that The Star
should be highly commended for this
splendid activity, not only for the results
in the Metropolitan Area, but as the
model for other communities throughout
the Nation to follow.
JOHN RUSSELL YOUNG,
President, Board OF
Commissioners, D. c.
Evening star., 1942-03-23
Suggests Omitting Spring Vacation
In Behalf Of National Defense.

TO the Editor Of The Star:
In view of the demand for young boys
in all fields of labor in Washington, I
believe that the plan for q week or ten
days school vacation in April should be
abolished this year. These boys should
be given the opportunity to work and
they are urgently needed when school
is out.
Let us complete the school year as
quickly as possible in the interest OF ma
tional defense.
"
Evening star., 1942-03-23
Wants Counterpropaganda
Against Loose Talk"

Wants Counterpropaganda
Against Loose Talk"
A great many of US are tired OF listen
ing to grumblings, dire predictions. ma
icious rumors and false information.
Fortunately, quite few Of us can see
through such loose talk, but how
many of us, in the case of rumor, for
instance, take the trouble to ask the
individual for his source of information,
instead of blindly agreeing or saying
nothing?
BY presenting the true facts, it is
possible q great many of our misguided
friends" might be made to understand
the correct situation. However, the
principal advantage would be that it
would have q discouraging effect on the
malicious gossiper.
One Of the greatest contributions we
can make today is to help stamp out de-
featist talk.
Let us not be afraid to show our faith.
Let us not be afraid to spread good news
when we hear it. Has it become odd
fashioned" to be patriotic? Let us have
. little more courage on the home front.
Let us take the offensive and spread q
little constructive counterpropaganda of
our own. E. @.
Arkansas State press., 1942-10-16
Camp
Continued from Page y

Continued from Page y
f. s. Mrs. l.. S. Dubisson, Free and
Accepted Mason, f L. Reed, Pu-
laski Co. Medical Assn, DIR, &. w.
S. Ish; Stag Club, J. D. Scott, APP
pomatox; Exc Club, Chas Hugh
es; Paramount Bridge, Miss Roe
ma Allison; Twill Do Club. Mrs.
Venesee Smith and Mrs. l.. A.
Rutledge; q Nighthawks, D. +.
Davis, Francis Harper Club, Miss
L. |. Copeland; F. O. P. Art Club
Mrs. Leah Peake; Veteran of Fore
ign Wars, Auxiliary, Mrs. B. +. d.
Anthony, City Teachers Assn. j. l.
Wilson; Gibbs School, Prof. !. I.
Gillian, South End School, Mrs. 5.
l.. Caruth, Dunbar Junior Col
lege, J. d. Scott; Dunbar High
School, Mrs. G. II. Scott; Stephen
School, Mrs. Solar M. Carouthers
st. Phillips Episcopal Church, TT.
G. G. Walker, First Congregation
al Church, Rev. G.. c. Christian.
Committee: Program, Atty W.
A. Sinefield, chairman; Transpor-
tation, Frank A. Snodgrass, chair
man. Publicity, l. Christopher
Bates, chairman, J. II. MeConico,
Master Of Ceremonies.
Arkansas State press., 1942-10-16
Bradley News
BY A. f. Brown


Gray's Chapel CINE church: A
timely Sunday school was con-
Quoted on last Sunday by Supt.
Annie Grays, with Mrs. E. l..
Brown as teacher ard a general
lesson review by pastor, Rev. A.
L. Allen Mrs. B. Orange con-
Quoted devotional services prior to
the morning assembly, with the
inspiring sermon brought by the
pastor. Collection totaled $3.50
Mr.. and Mrs. Lee Thomas report
a very enjoyable meeting at the
Lewisville Association and were ac
companied to the meeting by Mrs.
Clyde Walker. Club Meets: The
The Young Women's Club met at
the hcme of Mrs. Lacy hurry and
report one hour was devoted to
sewing and many peices of art
were displayed. Mrs. Malinda Mar
tin is president and Mrs. Minnie
p, Yoang, secretary. ILL Miss
Nrbie Still is reported i'll and
friends are praying a speedy re-
covery for her. Also Mrs. W. n.
Smith who is confined to the hos
pital Visiting; Mrs. Mary Nc.
Knight was guest of her sister
in-law in Shreveport during the
week-e end. Miss Beatrice Brown
and Mrs. P. Brown of Shreveport
La, were guest at the home OF
Rev A. f. Brown. Many enter
tainments have been planned for
them
Arkansas State press., 1942-10-16
Morning Star
Baptist Church
By Mrs. Ida c. Johnson

Supt w. NJ. Murdoch conducted
devotional s prior to the opening of
a well attended Sunday school last
Sunday, with 5 teachers and three
officers present and total enroll
ment of So. Loyalty to Christ"
was the topic discussion for the
day, with group discussions and a
general review of the lesson by a
faithful teacher, Mrs. Lottie John
son. Collection was $500. Con-
gregational song was led by Mrs.
M. Foots after brief remarks.
Mrs. l.. Canady and class won
the banner for the day, having con
tributed $l,30.
Deacons McFadden and Knowles
led the praise service prior to- the
regular morning worship, with
scripture reading by Rev. L. G.
Turner from st. John 7:1-7. Dea-
cons Collins and Knowles accept
ed the missionary offering and a
short prayer was given by Rev.
Cole. Rev. c. f. Canady, pastor
brought the message BE Patient
with the invitation extended by
Rev. Fears and one member was
added to the church, Mrs. Geneva
Williams, a former member of st.
Joe Bapt, Church at Galloway.
Pulpit visitors were Revs. Fears
and Carter and other visitors were
Mr.. and Mrs. Rogers of Shiloh
Bapt. church. Special music was
furnished by the senior and jun
Tor ehoirs. Collection was in
charge Of Deacons W. Cray ard
A. Dove and totaled $9.14.
A pew rally is scheduled for the
Filrt Sunday In NoNtmb( md
group captains, together with mem
bers and friends are asked to CO.
operate in making it a great day
Al the close of the morning wor--
ship, the benediction was given
by Rev. Carter.
Arkansas State press., 1942-10-16
St.. Peter
To Burn
Mortgage

Observation-Disclosures of the st
Peter AME Church plan a mort
gage burning which will free the
Church of all indebtness. Trus-
tees of the Church launched fin
ancial drive which terminated on
Sept 80 and after two weeks a
total of $222,s5 was raised. II
debtness, covering furniture and IN
suanee was cleared and supply
Of fuel purchased
Trustee reports follow Dr., j,
B. Bates, $4,000; L. A. Peete, sSl,
Milton Ellison. S3a50; A. King,
$2s.25: ". F. Hunter. s26. so; D.
Burns, $3.50; d. l.. Jones, $li 10;
Mr.. Pendleton, Sll,50; Willie Glib
son, $ll.00; a. Anderson $3.50.
To much praise can not be given
them for the huge success in this
drive.
Plans are underway for man,
moth celebration and friends thru
out the city will be expected to
participate.
Arkansas State press., 1942-10-16

the 3s2nd Engineer Regiment.
The talented singer-soldier has
lived at Chicago and other north
ern and eastern cities, in pursuit
Of his, musical career, since leav-
ing his old hometown, Augusta,
Ca, He received his early, elemen-
tary education at the Charles r.
Walker school at Augustra, and
won his high school diploma at
Paine College High school in the
same city. He led n chorus of
81 in various singing events at the
Paine school, and remained as lead
er of the musical organization in
rehearsals and programs three
semesters.
He continued musical pursuits in
enrolling at Southern anniversary
at Scotlandville, La, rounding out
a chorus of so selected singers, and
deyotmg much Of his two years
there in pcrfecting their numbers
and presentations. He also found
time fof basket ball and tennis in
high school days, making TIE
school teams. and playing two
years. He earned two letters, in
basket ball and tennis, at the uni
versity while pursuing his musical
nd academic educational work,
and was a member of Alpha frat
ernity while attending the insti-
tuition.
Private Fogler was indicted
into military service August / this
year, spent his classification period
at Fort Custer, Mich. and received
basic training at Fort Leonard
Wood, Mo-, before coming to the
Arkansas camp.
Arkansas State press., 1942-10-16
Blackstone, World Greatest Magician Auditorium, Sat- Eve

fereent to the call for home and
community protection while our
young men are in camp and on the
battle field placing their lives on
the altar Of service for our country
The Pulaski County Volunteer Ci-
william Defense Council is making
the very urgent appeal just now
for men to take the Auxiliary
Fireman Course Should our
homes be attacked and set on fire
by the Axis enemy, the civilian
population must know how to fight
fire. The regular fire department
Of no city can not cover the whole
field under such conditions.
Loyalty and patriotism may be
shown as much on the home front
as on the battle front, While our
boys are on the firing line, we may
be fighting home fires. There is
something of an EQUATION in
knowing how to fight fire. This
war is really living an cpportuni-
ty to know how to do many things
that may be of immense Use when
the smoke of battle has cleared
Arkansas State press., 1942-10-16
James Tate Host
To Cavaliers

In the beautiful room of the
Lafayette Luncheonette, Mr.. Jas
Tate entertained his club group
the Cavaliers on Tuesday evening
with Hosea Wilson, president presl
ding during the business session
Voted in for new members were
Paul Hatchett and Y. L. Leary'
pledging their support to the club
program. Guest of the evening
was Pvt Otis Barker, a former
member, who brought gr)eting'
from other members who have
answered the gall A delicious
cold plate together with other
Refreshments made the ei,lal
moments enjoyable. Mr.. Hosea
Wilson will be next host at his
residence, 17ls Wolfe St., as an
rounced by Leroy Jones, secretary.