davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1942-10-22
YOUTH TO THE COLORS

THE DRAFTING of boys of 1S and 10 will be
a reminder which we believe this nation can
stand, that war is exactly what General Sherman
said it was. We are in this one because there is
a deeper and hotter hell than war. Boys of Is and
19 may have little more at stake than the rest
of us, because if we should be defeated they would
have to live longer in this second hell of shame
and slavery.
Boys under 20 have stood fire in all our wars.
The Confederacy drafted soldiers at 18, the Union
Army at TO- the Army of the First Wolrd War
at 21, but in every battle there fell youths whose
cheeks had never known a razor. In this supreme
struggle for national existence we have to call
upon them again. We believe that the nation un-
derstands that fatigue, hardship and danger do
not become easier to bear one grows older;
that boys Of Is and 10 have, as Secretary Slim
son has said "The youthful enthusiasm and
residence of spirit which make Exceptional
soldiers" 1t is not pleasant, the Secretary told
the House Committee on Military Affairs to con-
sign them "to the hdeous character of modern
war; 1t is necessary.
When these boys come back from war and are
mature men they will have the right to sit in
judgment on those who sent them, voted to send
them or approved of sending them. This act i'm
poses frightful responsibility. 1t calls upon our
legislators and our statesmen SO to conduct them
selves, in the spirit Of purest patriotism that the
verdict cannot go against them. BY Gods help
it will not.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1942-10-22
SOAK-THE-POOR TAX BILL

I ,ABOR WILL hardly quarrel with the National
Ia Lawyers Guild over it's assertion that the
Senate tax bill reflects a "soak-the-poor" tax
policy and that it is the most regressive and un-
democratic piece of tax legislation in American
history"
The guilds attack on the Senate bill is large
ly based on the provision for "Vctory" 5 per
cent gross income tax, which the American Fed
GRAFTON of Labor executive council, in its annual
report, called "crushing" and said "may lower
earnings below the point necessary to maintain
health and efficiency
Certainly if the tax has the effect feared by
the council it should not be named q "Victory"
tax. Instead of making for victory, it would make
for defeat.
AS the lawyers guild said in its summary Of
the bill, in asking the House and Senate conferees
on the measure to eliminate the "Victory" impost:
"The Victory Tax will contribute to victory
for disease, undernourshment, impaired morale
and reduced efficiency of our soldiers of production
The action of the Senate in reducing the cor
porate income tax rate from 45 per cent, as
adopted by the House. to 40 per cent, at the same
time as it imposed unbearable burdens on low
income groups strkingly reveals the Senate's
policy. 1t is soak-the-poor, sparethe-rich policy.
1t is bill which leaves big oopholes and escapes
for the wealthy while it oppresses the poor. The
bill as passed by the Senate leaves taxes nearly
one and d quarter billion dollars short of the
lreasuIy's request for corporate levies.'
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1942-10-22
POLL TAX REPEAL FACES HARD FIGHT

doll TAX REPEAL, voted in the House on
October l3 by a vote of 252 to "a, faces hard
fight in the Senate.
There is grave danger that this important
Victory for democratic rights achieved in the
House may be destroyed by Senate fibuster
|OVer-optmlsm of proponents of repeal unaware of
The bitter opposition of many Senators, can play
into the hands of the poll takers.
Before taking a rest from their eXertions
would do well to remember that
the Gavagan anti-lynching bill was also passed
10y the House once, with similar vote and was
flllbuStcred to death in the Senate in 1910. A last
ditch fight against poll tax repeal is now under
way in the Senate, where Senator Joseph G..
|ONlahoney, chairman of the Judiciary subcom-
mttee which held hearings on the Pepper bill
secured majority of his subcommittee for re-
port declaring the Pepper bill unconstitutional
Organized labor-AFL, CIO and Railroad Bro
|therhoods - has strongly supported the repeal
movement. Continuation of the labor support in
even more vigorous form will be a big help in
passing the bill in the Senate. Local unions can
help greatly by writing to both their Senators and
by asking each member to send letter or post
card
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1942-10-22
ORGANIZED WORKERS IN
DENMARK RESIST NAZIS

New York City QLNS).-The living
standard of the Danish workers has
declined about % per cent since the
German occupation of Denmark, ac-
cording to reports of the Danish Fed
Grafton of Trade Unions. Many Danish
workers have accepted work in Ger
many for longer or shorter periods,
but most of them have returned dis
iIluSioned and critical of the European
New Order" The number of Danish
workers at present employed in Ger
many is estimated at 10000
Notwithstanding the preferential
treatment which the Germans are met
ing out 10 the populace of Denmark,
the organized workers are Steadfastly
opposed to German rule and HitlerS
New Order" Membership in the trade
union movement increased during the
past year from $4,000 to $4,000,
which is partly due to the energetic
resistance of the Danish trade unions
to NaZi demands and pressure.
Short strikes described as protest
moves against insufficient air raid pro
lection, occurred in various shipyards
and other industrial plants. In one
leading shipyard in Copenhagen the
workers started Il boycott against the
Nazi manager of the shipyard canteen.
The management was finally compelled
To dismiss the manager in order to
placate the workers.
The Danish Nazi paper "Faedrelan-
det,' in commenting upon the case, re
marks similar incidents occur daily"
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1942-10-22
VETERAN OF THREE WARS

Philadelpha.-AlilI Nujovich, %, a
member of the United Mine Workers OF
America from West Hazelton, Pa, has
enlisted in the L. S. Army as a pri-
vate. \ native of Montenegro, Nujo-
vich is Il veteran of three wars, hav-
ing fought against Turkey in 1912 and
with the Serbian Army the following
year in the war against Bulgaria Then
he emigrated to the United States and
went into action with the National
Guard in the Mexican border campaign
against Pancho Villa. When the United
States entered the first World War,
he went to France with the S9th divi-
sion, Now he's hoping for overseas
duty with the infantry
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1942-10-22
LABOR LAW FACTS

4 POPULAR pamphlet just issued by the U. S.
Office OF Education, in cooperation with the
Division of Labor Standards, u. S. Department
OF Labor, serves as a good introduction to labor
laws for workers. education classes. 1t is called
The Worker His Job, and His Government" and
is Vocational Division Bulletin No. 22O 1t was
planned for use in vocational schools and appren-
ticeship training classes.
AS labor knows, there is lack of proper
school text about some of the subjects in which
labor is most interested. This bulletin was de-
signed to fill one Of these gaps 1t takes the young
worker who is about to seek job in industry and
shows him at just how many points he is affected
and sateguarded by labor laws.
These labor laws the pamphlet points out,
did not spring up overnight They are the result
of years of effort by the labor movement and by
civic minded men and women in every state" The
laws which discussed are safety laws and
WOrkmcn'S compensation acts wage
and hour laws labor standards on government
contracts, laws governing industrial relations,
the right to organize and to bargain
collectively, laws stimulating sound apprentice
ship child labor laws, and social security pro-
visions.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1942-10-22
COLLECTIVE BARGAINING PRESERVED

RG GIVING HE War Labor Board auLnOflJy
~ over all wage sterilization, and providing that
wages may be increased to correct inequltes and
substandards of living the executive order leaves
the structure of collective bargaining free to oper-
ate The final decision is left with this tripartite
body, representing the three parties concerned
government, labor and management.
The democratic structure Of this new agency
is in strong contrast to other agencies, where
bureaucratic control dominates. America owes
chiefly to labor this outstanding victory in the
struggle to preserve democracy in this country.
Our representatives were constantly in touch with
the President while plans for the Office Of Eco
nomic Sterilization were being worked out. They
insisted on representation for labor, farmers and
management.
Contrast for instance the representative char
acter of the War Labor Board with agencies Of the
Office of Price Administration. On the War Labor
Board sit representatives of the three groups
interested in wage stabiliZaton-govern la
Dor, management; on local rationng boards, how
ever, the largest group concerned, labor, is con-
spicuouS by its absence from tWo-thldS of the
boards There are some 5000 city ration boards
in the United States, each with 3 to II members :;
yet only 1929 labor representatives sit on these
boards Gas Of October y. That iS while more than
85 per cent Of the people concerned in city ration
board rulings wage and small salared workers
and their families, they have no representation
whatever on tWo-thrdS of the ration boards which
will control the food they eat and the clothes
they wear. This gross injustice is a serious threat
to democracy in America, for ration boards will
vitally affect the life Of every working mans
family. How can they cooperate in carrying out
these controls if they are not represented?
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1942-10-22
w I S D O M
t*s**sa*xa*sx**#s.s+sa.++s++ I
The human race is i'm the best
condition when it has the greatest
degree of liberty.-Dante.
SPECIAL PROGRAMS FOR TROOPS

on will he listening to news and special
programs broadcast from home by the
Office of War Information. The OWL
announced that is is purchasing Il mini
mum of s hours radio time daily for
the programs. Commercial shows will
also be transmitted.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1942-10-22
SAVE FEATHERS

Albany, \. Y.-The New York State
Conservation Department has asked
duck hunters to save the down and
small body feathers of wild ducks.
The manufacture of sleeping bags and
other clothing for our armed forces
stationed in northern outpOStS," the
department said, has brought about Il
scarcity of commercial eiderdown and
necesSitates prompt action to replenish
this supply as we'll as to build up a
reserve for future Use"
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1942-10-22

How long can Labor UnonistS ex-
pect to receive Union-made wages if
they do not buy union-made goods?
possible for Goering to divert his air
force To the West.
At the same time. Allied arpower
is growing fast, and very ambitious
plans have been made for blasting The
Reich from the skies.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1942-10-22
COMMENT ON WORLD
EVENTS

The course of events in the smallest
of the European countries overrun by
the NaZis has up to recently attracted
little notice. This indifference is I'M
justified, for, small though it is in area
and population, it is one of the ten
biggest steel-producing countries in the
world.
AS in all other occupied territories
the vast majority of the inhabitants
of Luxembourg offer resistance to the
NaZi domination. Instances of sabotage
and opposition are more and more fire.
quently reported. But the output of the
Luxembourg heavy industries was so
vital for the NaZiS that hitherto the
garrison troops have taken pains to
avoid an open breach.
X X X
Below the surface. however. tbe fen
sion becama more and more intolerahle
and finally eyploded at the end of
August, when the head of the civil
administration found himself Obliged
to announce that strike had broken
out at Schifflingen. He said that the
agitation fomented by paid foreign
agents" had taken hold so strongly that
state of emergency and Judgment by
cOurt-martial had to be introduced in
the Esch district. Death sentences
passed by these courts We're immedi-
ately executed.
The Luxembourg workers reaction to
these proceedings was an extension Of
the strike to other areas, eliminating
in a general strike. The movement has
a recOgniZably political character, be-
ing in fact the immediate reaction of
the population to the proclamation in
cooperating LuXemburg into the Reich.
This heroic rising, under conditions
of the worst terrorism of the workers
is a beacon for the subjected peoples
and a warning for the Nazis. Whatever
may be its local outcome and cOnSe-
quenceS, the strike very likely will be
recorded in history as the first signal
of revolution in Europe under the
leadership of organized labor.
X X
American shipvards are NOT onlv
t,,rning out an increasing number of
I.ibertv shins each month but are
buildinm them in y shorter time. the
Maritime Commission notes.
The records for each Liberty shin
ward reveal that in September the ship
y.,do in cottirm ~ now, ,rod,,o+io,,
record, made q substantial reduction
in the time reo1ired from keel lavinr
to delivery During tha month which
saw all shin construction records
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1942-10-22
PEARL HARBOR REMEMBERS

7111E WUTtNTIt5 aC IVdII IIIWUOT Navy IalW
sent unique check for $4,000 to President
Roosevelt recently. 1t was their pay for working
last Labor Day and the check, drawn on the Bank
Of Hawaii, is written on the fragment Of Jap
plane which was shot down in the December 7
raid. The President turned it over to the Treasury
to help finance the war. The Army-NaVy "F"' Pro
duction Award was presented TO the Pearl Halbor
Navy Yard on Labor Day, nine months after the
Jap raid. Understanding Of the Navy, James V
Forresta, made the presentation.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1942-10-22
RIDING
AT ANCHOR
MIR. MODESTUS

WHAT can't happen here?
You mean, the Nazis cannot "Rot-
terdam" New York
You think, they cannot Coventry
New England factory towns
OF course, Hitler cannot treat Pitts
burgh as he has treated Stalingrad-
Since we have no Maginot Line
it
They can't force us to shift all our
Industries
Out of Pennsylvania and New York,
over to Mississippi River points
No? But we are sending thousands of
workers across this continent
1t really is simpler, safer, to build
ships in Oregon and California
Older people will die in New Eng
land this winter
Because Nazi raiders have disrupted
our fuel oil supply.
x X X
But, this is still free country!
Sure, sure: just hop a train any
weekend for Florida
Why should we care what they are
doing over there in Europe?
Amt it the truth? Now go down and
buy all the sugar you want
SO you bought and paid for your car,
license tags and all
Nice going. Now go out and burn
rubber, at 60 miles per
See what kind of fun you get into
pretty soon
Forgetting that you have cousins,
lying out
In tropical storms, mosquitoes, bis
tering heat, and Jap bombers-
Over there in Guadalcanal, and New
Guinea, and Africa
1t takes real ersatz Americans to
ignore those things.
x X X
Now, if YOU were in the Marines
In Service of Supply, and were
Hampering forward movement Of
to front lines
BY slashing rubber on tires, or put
'i'io ''tili III
Or in Navy, they caught you tamper-
ing with shipboard communications
Or in Army, passing garbled orders
along to front lines
Caught in the act, you'd likely get
shot on the spot
Discovered afterward, thered be a
court martial
With firing squad trimmings, in the
cold dawn
Being in civvies, YOU think you're
exempt from discipline
So you burn up rubber the nation
needs, just for fun
Laying off the job, on military pro-
ductiOn, seems innocent
Repeating peddled propaganda gives
fellow workers the creepS-
Ninety-iiye per cent of our folks are
true blue, clear through
But there's more than one way 10
play the QuisIing
WHO is cutting down the meat IA
tions?
DO YOU blame that on President
For getting US into this war;" via
Pearl Harbor?
Why is the standard of living being
lowered
With higher prices for food cloth
ing, rents, travel!
TO hear some folks, Winston Church
i'll had Il hand in it
X X
Why don't we face the grim and ugly
facts, and quit lodging them?
THIS WORLD is not Il free world
today, with submarines patrolling-
Some of the finest folks are handed
STARVATION, deliberately
And America is beginning to feel
some of the repercusSions of that
We have to watch how we are
thinking; have to be more careful of
talk
Which means some more freedoms
are being dimmed.
x X X
Axis methods of war
Compel parallel methods among the
free nations
What is that doing to our moral
sense, and our deccncies?
These infections which were spawn
I'd in Berlin and Tokyo
Are spreading their spores across
continents ana seas
They gnaW nj the heart Of what we
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1942-10-22

Two or three years ago | wrote a
book in which | discussed a number OF
personalities in the labor movement.
Someone once said that it is good
idea to let your enemies write the
books.
There could be something to that
advice Tt is sure that if the book were
to be written now, with the doings of
the intervening years in mind, there
would be quite some changes in the
text, here and there.
There would be some change about
John L. Lewis, for example.
John l.. Lewis has just taken his"
United Mine Workers out of the CIO
and landed them high and dry on a
plateau of solitary existence.
He led them out, just as he led them
in-BY THE NOSE!
1t used to be thought that miners
were tough guys who did lot OF
thinking, but little tallling-and that
they had 4 mind Of their own.
1t looks like they don't get much
chance to use that mind. In fact, it
looks as if, under John l.. Lewis, the
Miners have q mind of HIS own.
SO, he led them in and he led them
out, just like that.
When it comes to constitutions, the
Miners have one, you bet. Under its
terms they can be assessed as often
as desirable, without having to bother
to say Eyes" or even please don't
But what happens when Mr.. Lewis
gets his Miners out? Why, he says he
isn't thinking of going back into the
A. f. of l.. until it sanctions industrial
uniOniSln.
You miss the fine humor of that pro-
nouncement until you remember that
the Miners were IN the \. f. of l..
and found their industrial uniOniSm
supported at every turn by the A. f.
of L., without ever a question.
Can it be that Lewis is kidding? And
if so, whom?
AS Il matter of fact, those who care
about winning the war must find the
whole spectacle highly disgusting.
When are some of our leaders go
ing to take Il tumble to themselves and
understand that American men and
women want seltiShness put aside while
we win this war?
When?
Will someone kindly step up to the
microphOne and answer that question?
I'll bet not!
At least not Mr.. John l.. Lewis. And
not anyone of several others who could
be mentioned.
The a. f. of l.. convention has just
pinned Il rose on Mr.. Jimmy Petrillo,
discussed here last week. Which
changes nothing about Mr.. PetrilIo--
yet.
Well, YOU can see how important Mr.
Lewis is, if YOU consider the fuel oil
situation and the relation of coal 10
that regrettable situation.
Mr.. Lewis went out of the \. f.
of l.. because he couldn't live in that
house.
Mr.. Lewis created new house. Now
he has left that one because he could
MT live in it.
Mr.. Lewis finds it difficult to live
in any house where there are others
who possess a voice.
Mr.. Lewis now lives alone in the
house of the Miners.
If there were any other effective
voices in that house, Mr.. Lewis might
leave chat one, too.
And wouldn't that be wonderful?
But meanwhile the United States
has a very hot potato on its hands.
What comes next in this drama of
And what becomes of what is Off
cialN called "the public welfare" !
could suggest two or three persons who
might he asked about it. Couldn't you?
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1942-10-22
WOULD SEIZE SPEEDERS' TIRES

Detroit. = Sentencing a spoeder for
going 60 miles an hour, Judge George
I. Murphy proposed that such vio-
lators be compelled to sell their tires
to the government for resale to war
workers. Taking tires from people
like you would be fully justified in this
national emergency" Murphy said.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1942-10-22
w H A T MEX TT

Development of a new domestic
linOleum substitute using ceilui0se
and fir resin oil. has been an
nounced by a company in Sweden.
Large scale production has been
started after experiments for the
last 80 months.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1942-10-22
Economic .
~#qhA9hA
National and International Problems
Inseparable from Local Welfare

The new anti-infation bill, which
was passed with relatively great speed
Iby Congress and put into effect by
presidential directive on October 4, is
one more important link in the long
lchain of total war" legislation. Such
la bill would be unthinkable except in
time of great crisis 1t gives the gov
|ernment almost limitlesS economic CON
|trol over the individuals and industries
Iof the nation. But there was little
Opposition to it. Economists of all
schools have agreed that imitation is
the direct internal danger we face
land that tough laws and tough adj
ministration of the laws is absolutely
vital.
The bill, as passed, does not go as
far as many economists believe it
should 1t is frankly a compromise
measure. The labor bloc and the farm
bloc in the House and Senate got IA
good part of what they wanted. Farm
prices, for instance, are to be stabil-
lied ut the high level obtaining on
September -. All existing parity
provisions are to be observed. Wages
also are to be stabilized at the high
level of September u, and they are
not 10 be reduced below the highest
point reached between January 1 and
September -. 1t is further provided
that the War Labor Board can raise
wages if it finds that necessary TO
correct gross maladiuStments." 1t is
certain that some labor groups will
make efforts to gain wage increases
under this clause of the statute.
The law places no restrictions on
salaries below $1,000 year. However
it fOrDidS increases in salaries above
that amount unless approved by the
Director of Economic StabiliZation-Or
unless the Salaried worker in question
has been advanced to Il more difficult
and responsible position. 1t is con
Sidered possible that this clause may
be used to restrict salaries to a maxi
mum of SO, 900, after taxes. The Direc-
tor has The power to order Il corpora
tiOn to eliminate all salary in excess
making its income tax returns, and in
computing coSt-plus government con
tracts.
1t is easier to pass Il law of this
Kind than TO vigorously enforce it. And
50 one big unanswered question is just
what effect the law will have on the
formidable and growing BLACK mar
ket' in this country. People with money
in their pockets and a desire for scarce
goods will Offer higher than ceiling
sellers will be found to
bootleg the goods, law or no law. The
policing job, as Il result, will be Il
difficult one. One clause in the bill pro-
VideS that il shall be enforced by any
and all departments of the government,
using any and all laws and powers of
the United States In short, the mea-
sure is an all-incusive one, and Con
gresS put teeth in it.
Within the next few months, it seems
certain that Il number of other unpre-
cedcnted laws will he passed. The most
Important of the projected measures
is the total mobilization bill. The draft
is dcprlving industry and agriculture
of SOrcly needed workers. Also, work
crS, attracted by the high wages paid
by war industry, have left the farms
in droycS-and the agricultural labor
. &, (.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1942-10-22

Men have done wonders without
hands, without feet, without eyes-but
without brains they are helpless.