davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-08-23

yards at Amiens, so miles east of Dieppe.
The operations extended from LIE Havre
up the French coast to Furnes, in Bel
gium east Of Dunkerque. The British de
clared direct hits were scored on nu-
merous targets attacked by the raiders.
All the Allied planes returned safely.
One German Focke-Wulf 100 plane-con-
sidered, with the English Hurricane, the
best fighting plane in the world today
was shot down into the sea. American
fighters escorted the Flying Fortresses
to Amiens, and all the Americans re-
turned to England safely.
Friday fight of IL Flying Fortresses
destroyed or damaged six Focke-Wulf
1905 during Commute air battle over
the North Sea. A German shell explod-
ing in the cockpit of one of the Flying
Fortresses killed the co-pilot and in
jured the pilot. Other enemy fire de-
stroyed two engines of this aircraft So
Western Europe by now is familiar
Evening star., 1942-08-23

subsidy checks have gone out to farmers
throughout the country as a reward for
rot planting cotton, tobacco, corn and
wheat.
But now, in the midst OF life and
death struggle, the Nation needs more
and more food More eggs, more dairy
products. more pork. The need is to feed
corn and wheat to chickens, cows and
hogs; to convert cotton and tobacco
acreage to food crops. These changes
are coming about. Production OF food
crops is increasing. But too slowly,
against the weight Of those who are Or
ganized behind the scarcity system.
New Farm Alignment.
1t Is possible that a revolution may be
occurring within farm ranks. The pres
sure OF change is bringing about some
extraordinary developments And the
end result may be a new alignment OF
farmers having the cooperation Of Or
ganized labor
That is one Of the portents Of the
trouncing which the farm bloc took the
other day. In spite of all that such
as Missouris Clarence Cannon could
do, subsidy farmers took a licking on
two fronts. Congress approved the
sale of surplus grains below parity. And,
equally important, drastic cuts that
would have crippled the operation of
the Farm Security Administration were
restored.
Back OF the fight to curtail FSA was
Edward A. O'Neal president of the Farm
Bureau Federation. His attack and that
of Earl C. Smith, vice president and the
brain OF the organization. was directed
at the grant and loan phase of the FSA
program which is concerned chiefly with
getting migrants and sharecroppers back
on the land.
Obscured by the news OF the war, 1t
vas nevertheless one OF the bitterest
Evening star., 1942-08-23
Forced Labor Decreed
By Nuzis in BELGIUM

the unemployment problem, the Nazis
have decreed forced labor in occupied
Belgium and are urging qualified work.
ers to take jobs in Germany
1t has been confirmed, however, that
reconstruction of towns, destroyed by
German bombardment in May, 1910, has
not yet been started. At Nivelles, Wavre,
Perwez, Jodoigne, Journal, Gembloux
and Namur plans for reconstruction have
already been drawn up. but the authori-
zation to start work is so entangled in
red tape that great deal of time has
been lost. Large quantities of raw ma
terials and machinery have been reoui-
sitioned and sent to Germany.
Evening star., 1942-08-23

by the Mexican air chief. There are real
bonds OF friendship and tradition he.
tween our two airforces," he says. "Our
pilots and mechanics who 20 to m.
United States for special instruction
come back ardent friends and admirers
OF our northern neighbors,"
Mexico Gets Planes and TraIninr.
Under the lease-lend agreement with
the United States, modern fighting
planes are arriving regularly to be in
corporated into Mexico's airforce. At
the same time, steady stream of Mexi-
can pilots and mechanics is being sent
to the United States for advanced
training. A modern aviation school has
been established In Monterey and u
beginning to develop pilots.
Under Gen. Fierro's supervision here.
the military aviation workshops are
turning out training planes for the new
school. The general also is conductiog
experiments in wood construction with
powerful joining Clues intended to help
solve the present shortage Of aluminium
and other metals for plane manufacture.
1t also would aid Mexico to overcome
her lack of plane factories, a lack which
makes her almost entirely dependent on
the United States for equipment.
Gen. Fierro is not reticent about his
friendship for the United States and his
coldness toward the totalitarians. His
term as military attache to the Mexican
Legation in Japan in 1887 was cut short
because he publicly aired his concern
over Tokios program Of imperial expan.
sion.
Il received no decoration from the
Japanese government when departed"
he says s,rtlingiy.
Evening star., 1942-08-23
By Alfred WaH.

Awkward Moments.
The women had to curtsy. There we're
some awkward moments, like when some
elderly nurses, resplendent in red and
gray uniforms and white caps, had a bit
Of foot trouble with the curtsy. Some
men, mustered in the presence of their
King, didn't do their stuff just right.
One grizzled sea captain, red to the
ears, performed kind of elephantine
curtsy not bow. But at sea in a gale
I'd like to have that awkward duf1er on
my bridge.
There was middle-aged Home Guards
man, one arm gone, leg stiff, gaunt fea-
lures plainly showing long hospitaliza-
ton. He was a man who had shown
extreme courage, though torn by bomb
in the height OF the blitz. Yet he was
so overcome when the King apparently
praised him highly, patted his arm, that
he turned the wrong way, forgot his final
bow and had to be turned around and
steered down the ramp in the opposite
direction
Heroes Knighted.
Impressive was the business of knight
ing British heroes. They all placed one
knee on little plush stool as the King
bestowed the accolade on either shoul-
der with a bright sword, placed a ribbon
around his neck or long sash across the
body.
Among those decorated was dark,
oad-shouldered 1t. Gen. Archibald
Nye, vice chief of the Imperial General
Staff, who was made Commander of the
Bath.
The King seemed to have special
word for sailors. He dotes on the Royal
Navy.
First batch up comprised four officers
and "a creWmen of H. M. submarine Tor
bay, decorated for their amazing exploit
of penetrating Mediterranean port by
moonlight where they torpedoed vessels
under the muzzle of enemy guns.
The King smiled broadly and chatted
some little time with their leader, Comdr
Anthony Miers, a stocky blue -eyed Scot,
who got the cherished Victoria Cross.
Perhaps the happest in the lot was
big Australian corporal, honored for
extreme daring under fire in Libya. The
King talked to him paternally.
Aterward. the corporal. still beamlng
Evening star., 1942-08-23
Russian Front

The Russians are making another
mighty stand. Across a front protecting
Stalingrad and the Volga, the Red SOL
diers hold back the Germans, still trying
eastern bend in the Don River Almost
all the Germans who sought to estab-
lish bridgeheads along the Don bend
have been exterminated, but new Nazi
divisions are being thrown into the fight
The capture of Stalingrad is necessary
corollary for the capture of the Cau-
caSnS. Unless the Axis holds StalinQrad
Evening star., 1942-08-23

AAnFC CAAouS1l klldAlCS.
We won't dip our
wings to any one.
We are beginning
to get planes"
The force lacks
strength now. But
even SO, 1t has
drawn first blood in
the war with the
Axis in 4 bombing
attack on q U-boat
of Tampico, an
attack that dam
aged, perhaps sank,
the undersea prowl-
er. Mexican flyers
are playing an in
creasingly impor-
tant part in the
a n tt submarine
campaign with their
patrol flights from
key points along
the Atlantic and
Gulf Coasts.
E>~ H. R..1.
Evening star., 1942-08-23

bloc is one of the
most powerful or
carnations in the
country, an organi-
zation which, while
city dwellers are
scarcely aware Of
its existence, di-
rectly affects the
cost of what all
consumers eat and
wear.
The American
RAIN bureau red
Grafton is part and
parcel Of the system
OF scarcity farming
that was intro
duced beginning in
1888 in an effort to
get farm prices up
to a level that
would pay the farm
er for the cost of
his pr o d u c t ! o n.
Since the first year
Of the New Deal
Evening star., 1942-08-23

at low wage rates.
The FSA was an
obstacle and there
fore the opposition.
What Is remark
able in this fight
was that another
farm organization,
the National Farm
ers Union, came out
squarely against the
Farm Bureau Fed
Grafton and for
sales below parity
and for the full
FSA program. So
did the CIO and
AFL and the Rail-
way Brotherhoods.
James G. Patton,
president Of the
Farmers Uni 10 n,
5 h arply rebuked
Mr.. O'Neal for an
angry speech he
m q de at Fort
Smith. Ark
Evening star., 1942-08-23
TIRELESS KING GREETS SCORES OF HEROES
Buckingham Ceremony Is Essence of Democracy

LONDON.-1 have just seen King
George bestowing medals on scores OF
Britain's heroes-and when it was over
I wanted to go up and pin a medal on
King George.
For an hour and II minutes he stood
there at royal investiture. smiling,
speaking an intimate word or two to each
person who bowed or curtsied before
him, always giving a firm handclasp,
sometimes pat on the arm.
AS each recipient stepped back, the King
was already reaching for the next medal,
held on q red plush pillow at his left side
by an army officer.
1t was like production line in tank
plant. Everybody was in his right place,
everybody was coached to do the right
thing. Props and management good-but
perhaps not as good as Hollywood might
have made it.
Beautiful Setting.
1t was surprisingly beautiful setting.
had no idea those grim walls OF Buck
ingham Palace could house such fresh
cleanliness Of white marble pillars, i'm
maculate red carpet shining gold leaf on
panel and filagree and good murals.
The show was the Kings. He ran 1t.
He did what he liked. Seemed to be hav-
ing good time His heart obviously was
in his work.
At the end Of the first hour was get
ting f1dgety, little tired and needed q
cigarette badly. Perhaps 1t was those
ack-ack guns and German planes over
head that had reused me in the small
hours, bringing back that old nervous
sleepless feeling we haven't felt since the
blitz days.
But the King, fresh and at ease, didn't
seem to have been affected by last nights
show the Luftwaffe put on for us.
When a full hour had passed the line
OF honorees still extended down the long
white and gold corridor and around the
corner out of sight. There were generals,
privates. captains, high naval officers,
and seamen, merchant navy shippers and
crewmen nurses, civil servants in frock
coats, a brawny killed young Scot of
the Black Watch, airmen of high and
lesser rank, AFRAID wardens, women in
various auxiliary services.
King in ArmiraPs Uniform.
All were in their Sunday best, scrubbed
and shining. 1t was their big day.
sat within 20 feet of the King, but I
actually heard only two or three short
sentences Of what he had to say. At the
beginning, when he came through the
doors at the'back of the rallied dais and
stood there, resplendent in admiraPs
uniform, gold braid half up to his elbow,
service ribbons up to his shoulder, we
all stood at attention for God Save the
King"
Then he broke the slight tension with
smile and said, very informally, Won't
you please be seated?"
We all sat down.
First up was tall, bespectacled Capt
Eric Wilson, gaunt from wounds and
privations in Ethiopia, where he showed
great gallantry in action. I heard the
King say, How long were you out there?
We were surprised and pleased that you
came back
Capt. Wilson was awarded his Vic
toria Cross 'posthumously' because he
was reported missing, believed killed, in
yalorous action defending machine
gun post which was overwhelmed after
he refused to surrender, though badly
wounded. But he was found alive and
released by the British year later when
they took Assnara.
Evening star., 1942-08-23
Red Light Signal
Saves Seumen's Lives

To landsman red light means
danger But to British merchant sea-
man 1t means hope of rescue II his ship
Is sunk at night.
A little red lamp in the collar strap
OF a life-jacket guides rescuers to a
seaman floating around in the dark
ness. The light is watertight and can
burn for about 10 hours. An alternative
type, used by the Raj, Is a buoyant
light which floats beside the wearer OF
the Me-jacket.
Evening star., 1942-08-23
Mexico's Air Force Grows
Gen. Robert Fierro Hopes to Have 5000 Planes
to Help Hammer Axis
By WilIians D. Patterson

MEXICO CITY-Whatever the war
may bring to the Western Hemisphere,
Mexico is. dedicated to the principle OF
taking her own part, hammering the
enemy wherever he may appear.
And in the van of an expanding mill
tary establishment is the Mexican air
force, under the direction OF it's diminu-
tive and energetic Gen. Robert Fierro
Mexican pilots are as good as any in
the world" Gen. Fierro says when we
Evening star., 1942-08-23
Farm Ranks in Midst of Crisis
Subsidy Faction Dealt Blow as Congress Votes Sale
of Surplus Grain Below Parity
By MARQUIS ". ChIds.


The most solid, unyielding bloc in Con-
eress today is the farm bloc. The hard
granite core is composed Of those South
ern Senators and Representatives who
year after year hold the line for the sys-
tenn Of subsidies which sustains the one
crop cotton culture Of the South.
1t is the farm bloc which has COM
PEELED the inclusion in price-control legis-
lation Of a guarantee Of Ito per cent OF
parity for farm prices. Back Of the farm
Evening star., 1942-08-23
Americas Thirty-Seventh Week of War
H55th Week of World War NJ
By Blair BoUes.

is Avis
lastw
France the Germans
thought owned American
Soomon Islands, which IA days
held the Axis far out of Sangad
toward the sky In five weeks
could blight the
barrel before another winter
and the Japanese who
countries they will
the President
atrocities will
atrocities The President
international
about America that
Evening star., 1942-08-23

his base on foot-walking at night and
hiding by day.
He flew and fought in all Of Mexico's
important revolutionary campaigns and
was decorated a number of times.
Between campaigns he managed to
make nonstop flight from New York
City to Mexico City in July, 1880. As
the official representative of his gov
ernment, Gen. Fierro also made long
distance flights to Cuba, Costa Rica.
Evening star., 1942-08-23

ground to many American soldiers and
flyers. The day is probably yet distant
when actual invasion will begin. But
the training season for invasion is in
progress. Already the Allies are mas
ters of the air over the Channel, across
which the invasion boats must go.
Evening star., 1942-08-23

Panama and Bis
marck, N. Oak.
Gen. Fierro has
Offices in both the
National Defense
Ministry and the
army's aviation a
workshops, but he
spends all the time.
that omcial busi-
ness will permit in
his workshop ONCE.
There, surrounded
by plane models,
plans, maps Of
Mexican air baseAI
and his staff, he
prepares for the day
when Mexico will
be an important air
power.
United States re-
sources naturally
are In the forefront
OF Gen. Fierro's
plans. This, too, is
Antipalvy J~A>.zA
Evening star., 1942-08-23

struggles in recent years. The FSA pro-
gram was defended by many members
OF Congress, as we'll as by an important
faction in the Agriculture Department,
which saw the conflict as essentially
one between the big farmers dominating
the Farm Bureau organization and the
little farmers who are increasingly be-
ing driven into tenancy and migration.
In the war emergency the big farmers
were finding it harder to get farm labor
Evening star., 1942-08-23

A ks TROOPS are knocking on the front door
~ Of the South Caucasus: the three military
roads that lead dangerous paths through mountain
passes to Bsku's oil wells. The geography and
weather are with the defenders for September
SHOWS soon will block highways and the foot and
ho'sepsths. Here the Red armies may make their
stand From here Cosssek raiders may sweep down
to hafsss Maxi tlanks. prevent exploitation Of the
North Caueasus Here neehanixed warfare may
have TO dsmount its mechanical steeds ,emount on
live horses and meet the defenders on equal terms.
The Chronicle-star combined with the Moss Point advertiser., 1942-01-23

Aerraltarx svsAFy wkkAru
MD goals have hsn srsAaed Is e4n
fF thk KFrn3esa ArsAeaasarni nre
dSestnn m E 8 hsstesg w1sA mr
t.c4laS t~naraaaEas GA TIE wSe n
IS ~ua-nsaf4fk rroqm aach ~ ~
nas4 ard msoeArs The csrn goal
was stesasa " b. flvs maaan arFvs
r. order szzs ahere b seee snp
plieS o oontlrse sxlMnxsan q mast
dasF1 ard poalGzx mua@sian Dsr
eohA oean anc GsY prs ~psosa9zkn
increases Nere called Tor An add
to&nml fxte mlfssa bushels a. rinr
was asked ard provision mace Tor
an lncreASe ever 1851 U nzzre t5Au
n nattun cases 81 cannet fruits
attd FrRetahleS
The Chronicle-star combined with the Moss Point advertiser., 1942-01-23

ucn skzsnEneE xStEAM xsa
asf4 eHre ~ uas x4gnaa
c3sss1n aktes@ aetsAxk t1@ 0iHa
Az3xna IS Hesasnx 81 4sas
b. ht #NNsbs2 mNsSaM TMF
asEse ASP ersnna . NNhes
ueasA rFegfAn aEseet NhNa 42
sAm4eA Us Axss ra3naEfs r8a
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s4H1Nlm - ans MS AA1s
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and Ia mg untua@ 0a asa hacte-
fs~ieAa waxf&He sa&zwsek nas
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IS oare 60 sAks etuTr uAhse f
r&21han
The Chronicle-star combined with the Moss Point advertiser., 1942-01-23

1912 h going to be . sialye IN the lives q each I'd sssF, o"s r : :
year when personal effort must he directed toward preserving natsena'
welfare. Every American must do hts part That includes shs housewife
and Il Includes eaeh Of u.s.: your ~huicher. baker. candiesdek mskerr and
every other local retailer In this message, cIARks CREDIT CLOTH.
,Eps pledge. 10 40 IT, share; b keeping operating costs u : minimum :
:. : be able 10 give you The most possible value and quality - yoas mons,,
- !, a.eoarsror : and al mwarran,ed advances il shs prs !
clothing you need, want and buy every day.
The Chronicle-star combined with the Moss Point advertiser., 1942-01-23

The japanese suffered their first setback IN both Iu10n
and Maiays- The defenders Of Singapore shelled the Japanese
forces TO ; halt However. waves Of japanese warplanes swept
over the battiehne indicating The clearance for invasion at.
tempts.
The japanese forces Al Luz0n we're Inundated b saw
age Counter attacks b. General MaeArthurs forces which
threw The Brown army bark with heavy losses. Filipino
gueriias in Northern Luz0H Faided = japanese airdFome
killed 10 Of the enemy and put 800 70 flight.
The Navy department announced that to more ships in
the American coastal waters-the 5.zs9-ton City 81 Atlanta
and the 3.77s-1sn Lzfyian steamer GniVairn-and A. mere
seameH we're added today 70 TIE known tel Of enemy sub
marines proving off the Atlantic shore. The vessels besef
off the Coast Of South Carolina
From RE de Janeir0 i was reported that Argentina and
Chile had joined other nations At the American republics
conference. IL segering al ties With the AxSs governments.
Evening star., 1942-09-22
Physical Fitness Courses
Urged by Interfederation

A letter favoring increased atten-
ton to physical development of boys
and girls In high schools of the
Metropolitan Area was drafted last
night by the Interfederation Con-
ference to be sent constituent bodies
for consideration.
In the light of wartime conditions.
the conference felt that physical
education is ''insufficiently stressed"
IN many schools. The letter ad-
vocates more intensified military
training courses, and recommends
military field instruction for bows.
Introduction of the courses as parts
OF the regular curricula, with ap-
propriate credits, was also stressed
In another letter to be sent mem
Der bodies, the organization opposed
any increase in fuel gas rates for the
Metropolitan Area. The letter was
proposed by DR.. Victor Meyers.
chairman.
The meeting, the first after the
summer recess, was held in the
boardroom Of The Evening Star
Building.
Evening star., 1942-09-22
Miss Sophia Clark Dies;
Retired i. ). EmpIoye

Miss Sophia Halsey Clark, 81. re-
tired employe Of the Pension Once.
died today at the residence of Mr..
and Mrs. Robert H. Turner. 1912
Stuyvesant place NV. where she
had made her home for number of
years.
Born in East Wilson, Niagara
County, N. Y. Miss Clark was the
daughter of Charles M. and Mary
Lewis Clark. She came to Washing
ton more than so years ago and was
employed as clerk in the Pension
Off1ce IS years, retiring II years ago.
She was life member of Esther
Chapter, Order of Eastern Star, and
member of the First Congregation
al Church.
Funeral services will be held at l
pm. Thursday at the w. w. Deal fu-
neral home. 4812 Georgia avenue
NV. Burial will be in Rock Creek
Cemetery.
Evening star., 1942-09-22
Hundreds Of Refugees Ask
Admission 10 Switzerland
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
BERN, Switzerland, Sept. 22.-
The absolute impossibility'' of send
ing refugees on to the United States
or South American countries has
made necessary new and more rigid
barriers against hundreds clamorinp
at Swiss frontiers to get into the
country, Justice Minister Edward
Won Steiger told Parliament today.
Up to today only 30 visas for the
United States have been issued here
this year, Brazil has granted 81 and
the Argentine five, Won Steiger said.
Switzerland. he asserted. is giving
asylum to $500 refugees, while con-
siderations of economy and national
safety warranted a maximum of not
more than 1000
The number of those trying to
enter is increasing steadily. and to a
point endangering the security Of
the nation, he said.
Evening star., 1942-09-22
Woman ConsuItant
Named by McNutt on
Replacement Of Men
Miss Sara SouthuII
To Help in Meeting
War Industry Needs

Appointment of Miss Sara South
all OF Chicago as consultant on re-
placing men in industry with women
in the War Manpower Commission s
division of operations was an
nounced today by Chairman Paul V.
McNutt.
Miss Southsll, who has been a
member Of the personnel relations
stan Of the Interna tional Harvester
Co In Chicago for Il years, will re-
port to Brig. Gen. Frank J, Nc
Sherry, director of the division of
operations, and will work with Miss
Thelma McKelvey, a member of the
VINO staff. on all matters concern
ing the use of women in the war
effort.
The appointment of Miss Southau
comes three weeks after the naming
of the Woman's Policy Committee
of the VINO, an advisory, non-ad-
ninistrative body of IL women.
Mr.. McNutt explained that in
adding a woman consultant to Gen.
McSherry's staff he had in mind
the replacement of hundreds of
men who will be shifted to the
armed forces or to other war in
dustry jobs. Miss Southall, he said,
has had long experience in handling
the problems of women in business.
For several months, Miss Southall
has been serving as consultant in
Chicago or the employment prob
lens OF colored persons and other
groups. A graduate of Vanderbilt
University, Nashville, Tenn, Miss
Sossthall served on the Chicago Ad-
vasoYy Committee for Federal Serv-
Ncea. She also was chairman of
k1dlstriai affairs at the Chicago
FwCA.
Miss Southall already has arrived
In Washington to assume her duties,
Evening star., 1942-09-22

recollection Of the attack on Pearl
Harbor.
Il don't know what to do" she
told interviewers. Il can't stay with
some one / don't know. I realize all
the evidence indicates I was mar
ried to Mr. Miller, but I don't know
him. I can't remember even meet
ing him.
Mrs. Miller consulted her diary in
an effort to fill the gaps in her life
and found this entry, apparently
addressed to Mr.. Weller, her first
husband
Dearest Pierce: Up at $50.
dressed in new wedding clothes. OF
at Las Vegas Breakfast Henry
Evening star., 1942-09-22

got me corsase. Marriage license
Justice Of the peace =. Took pic
lures. Boarded train"
Mr.. Weller and the former Glory
Beck were married in Binehampton
August /, 1896. Mr.. Weller resigned
as city editor OF the Binghampton
Press July Is, 1899. after Is wears
service. and the couple moved to
AtaScadero.
Evening star., 1942-09-22
Memory Recovered After Year,
Widow Doesn't Know New Mate

Mrs. Glory Weller Miller, IS, ap-
pealed to the manager of a motor
hotel for assistance yesterday after
awakening and finding her sur
roundings unfamiliar. The manager
took her to the police station.
There police speedily identified
her through a picture supplied by
her husband, Henry Miller, COM