davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-02-16

barrier. We had to do our best to
give substantial aid to Russia. We
gave it in her darkest hour. ard we
must not fail in our undertakings
now
Now then. in this posture, grippec
and held and battered upon us as
we are. could we have provided for
the safety of the Far East against
such an avalanche of fire and steel
as has been hurled upon us by
Japan?
Always this thought overhung our
minds.
There was. however. one hope and
one hope only, namely that If Japan
entered the war with her allies. Ger
many and Italy. the United States
would come in on our side, thus far
more than repairing the balance.
For this reason have been most
careful all these many months not to
give any provocation to Japan. and
to put up with Japanese encroach-
ments. dangerous though they were,
so that if possible whatever hap
pened we should not find ourselves
forced to face this new enemy alone
could not be sure that we should
succeed in this policy. But it has
come to pass. Japan has struck her
felon blow. and a new far greater
champion has drawn the sword Of
implacable vengeance against her
on our side.
Pearl Harbor Stripped OF
Our Shield in Pacific.
I shall frankly state to you that I
did not believe. it was in the interests
Of Japan to- burst into war both
upon the British Empire and the
United States I thought II would
be- very irrational act. Indeed,
when you remember that they did
not attack us after Dunkerque,
when We were so much weaker and
when our hopes Of United States
hcfp- were of a. most slender char
acter. and when we were. ALI alone,
I could hardly believe they would
commit the mad act.
Tonight the Japanese are tri-
umphant. They shout their exulta-
ton around the world. We suffer.
We are taken aback. We are hard
pressed. But I am sure. even in
this dark hour, that criminal mad
ness will be the verdict which history
will pronounce upon the authors Of
the Japanese aggression after the
events of 1912 and 1943 have been
inscribed on its somber pages.
The immediate deterrent which
the United States exercised upon
Japan, apart, of course, from the
meaSureleSS resources of the Ameri-
can Union, was the dominant Amer
lean battle fleet in the Pacific. which
with the naval forces we could spare
confronted Japanese aggression with
shield of superior sea power.
But. my friends, by an act Of sud-
den and violent surprise, long calcu-
lated, balanced and prepared and
delivered under the crafty cloak of
negotiations, the shield of seapower
which was protecting the fair lands
and islands of the Pacific Ocean
was for the time being-but only
for the time being-dashed to the
ground.
Efficiency Of japanese
Not to Be Underrated.
Into the gap thus opened rushed
the invading armies Of Japan. We
were exposed to the assault of Q
warrior race Of nearly 90,000, 900 with
large outfit Of modern weapons,
whose war lords have been planning
and scheming for this day and
Evening star., 1942-02-16
BY the Associated Press.

1.-The Battle of Malaga.
December 8, 194l-Japanese In
wade Malaga, landing at Kota
Bharu Airdrome, across from the
Thailand border In north Of
peninsula.
December 10-Kota Bharu falls;
japanese planes sink British battle
ship Prince OF Wales and battle
cruiser Repulse.
December l2-British fall back TO
prepared positions.
December l5-Japanese gain SO
miles, advance in Kedah sector.
December 19-British announce
Penang Island has been evacuated.
December 27-Invaders advance on
Ipoh.
December 29-Ipoh falls.
December 31-British take Often
sive, push enemy back.
January /, l942-Invasion line
drops to 100 miles above Singapore.
January 5-Japanese landing on
west coast threatens Kuala Selangor
area.
January 6-British admit with
drawals In Kuantan and Selangor
area.
January 12-Japanese enter Kuala
Lumpur after heavy battle.
January 15-Japanese troops re-
ported in Johore and Malacca
southern and western states OF
Malaga, take Gemas railway
| junction.
January 26-Batu Pahat falls to
invaders, now within go miles OF
Singapore.
January 27Japanese capture
Kluang
January 30-Japanese are only 1a
miles from Singapore; island, raidec
nine times. Is put under curfew.
February l-Singapore's guns blast
at enemy for first time across Johore
Strait.
1.-THE Battle Of Singapore.
January 3l-The siege of Singa-
pore begins; causeWay over Johore
Strait is blown up.
February 2-Johore Bharu, facing
Singapore, occupied.
February 2-Giant guns open due
across narrow moatlike strait.
February 3-Japanese pour REIN
forcements into lines opposite Sin
gapore.
February Gen Sir Archibald P
Wavell tells Singapore to hold on.
February 8-Japanese land or
Evening star., 1942-02-16
National Airport Revenue
Estimated at S515,000

During the fiscal year beginning
next July l, revenues of the Wash
ington National Airport will total
approximately 3515, 900, John Groves,
airport manager. estimated in ap-
pearing before the House Appropria-
tions Committee, it was revealed in
hearings on the Commerce Depart
ment appropriation bill. released
today.
For the first six months Of the
current fiscal year. revenues
amounted to about $200, 900. Prin.
cipal receipts during this period in
cluded turnstiles, 435, ,658: coffee
shop, $8,154; dining room. $5,83S, and
tobacco and newsstand, $1,796.
Receipts from rents in the terminal
building are averaging about $2,700
q month, and those from hangers
approximately 81 900 monthly.
Have you made any paper money?
Collectors viii pay for paper and
you'll draw interest when the shells
PUNK on the Axis.
Evening star., 1942-02-16
London Is Doubtful
That Many Troops
Escaped Singapore
Extreme Shortage Of Cos,
Water and Food Believed
To Have Forced Surrender
BY the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
LONDON, Feb. 16.-Britain still
had heard from her own leaders
today only the bald fact so
somberly told them yesterday by
Prime Minister Churchill, that
Singapore has fallen" but un-
of1lcial information indicated its
defenders surrendered only after
they had suffered heavy losses
and extreme shortages Of water,
gasoline and food.
The last ofiicial message from
Singapore's commander, 1t. Gen.
A. e. Percival, received here last
night. was said to have contained
Information of the defenders dire
plight and his decision, therefore,
to surrender
Not Like Dunkerque.
One British military commentator
said the battle of Singapore did not
have the consolation of being an
other Dunkerque. There was no in
dication to give hope that any large
British forces were evacuated, he
said.
The policy was to fight it out, he
added, and the only known evacuees
were women, children and wounded,
OF whom q considerable number
were brought out.
Units known to be defending
Singapore at the end-presumab bly,
no more than 5000 men plus auxil-
iaries at full strength-were the 18th
British Division, two-thirds OF the
8th Australian Division, the 9th and
11th Indian Divisions and fortress
troops.
Sumatra Attack Seen.
British observers, conjecturing on
the next phase Of Japan's cam
paign in the Far Pacific, leaned to
Sumatra-already invaded-as the
likeliest focus of attack because
from it could be gained undisputed
control OF the gateway into the
Indian Ocean and . prime source
Of fuel.
A second possibility mentioned
was that the Japanese, taking q
leaf from the German book, might
try TO rush warships and transports
through the Malacca Strait under
an umbrella of land-based aircraft
for a combined air-and-sea assault
on Burma.
Evening star., 1942-02-16

there is any other fact in the whole
world which can compare with that
That is what I have dreamed Of
aimed at and worked for, and now
1t has come to pass.
But there is another fact in some
ways more Immediately effective.
The Russian armies have not been
defeated. They have not been torn
to pieces. The Russian peoples have
not been conquered or destroyed.
Leningrad and Moscow have not
been taken. RuSsia's armies are in
the field. They are not holding the
line of the Urals, or the line Of the
Volga. They are advancing victor
iously, driving the foul invader from
that native soil they have guarded
so bravely and loved so we'll
More than that, for the first time
they have broken the Hitler legend
Instead of the easy victories and
abundant booty which he and his
hordes had gathered in the west,
he has found in Russia so far only
disaster, failure, the shame of un-
speakable crimes. the slaughter or
loss of millions of German soldiers,
and the icy wind that blows across
the Russian SHOWS.
Here, then. are two tremendous
| fundamental facts which will in the
end dominate the world situation
and make victory possible in form
never possible before.
Britain Lacked Power
To Meet Japan Alone.
But there is another heavy and
terrible side to the account which
| must be set in the balance
against this inestimable gain Japan
has plunged into the war and is
ravaging the beautiful. fertile. pros
porous and densely populated lands
of the Far East
1t would never have been in the
power. of Great Britain, while fight
ing Germany and Italy-long hard
ened affd1 prepared for war-+while
| fighting in the North Sea. IN the
Mediterranean and the Atlantic. to
| defend the Pacific and the Far
East single handed against the as
sault of Japan
We have only just been able to
keep our heads above the water at
home Only by a narrow margin
have we brought in the food which
keeps us alive. and the supplies,
without which We cannot wage war
Only by so little have we held our
own in the Nile Valley and the
Middle East.
The Mediterranean is closed and
all our transports have to go round
the Cape of Good Hope, each ship
making only three voyages in a
year. Not a ship, not an airplane.
not a tank, not an anti-tank gun
or anti-aircraft gun has stood idle
Everything we have has been de-
ployed either against the enemy or
waiting his attack. We are strug-
Cling hard in the Libyan Desert.
where, perhaps, another serious
battle will soon be fought.
Stream Of Men, Materials
Sent to Middle East.
We have to provide for the safety
and order of liberated Abyssinia.
of conquered Eritrea, of Palestine.
of liberated Syria and redeemed
Iraq, and of our new ally, Persia.
A ceaseless stream of ships. men
and materials has flowed from this
country for year and a half to
build up and sustain our armies in
the Middle East which guard vast
| regions on either side of the Nile
Evening star., 1942-02-16
Singapore Chronology
japanese Reached Johore Strait
Greet Far Eost Bose Fell IS Doys After

Ubin Island in Johore Strait, begin
midnight assault on Singapore
Island itself.
February 9-Tank units cross Jo-
hore Strait to consolidate positions
won on Singapore by shock troops.
February 10-Japanese man power
on island multiplies, pushes Defend
ers back from strait shore nearer
Singapore city in fierce struggles de-
spite valiant resistance; superior
Japanese air power smnshes defend
ers' artillery positions.
February 1l-British troops coun-
ter-attack after situation admitted
very serious but not deteriorated
in any way" Heavy Japanese air
attacks on both island and Singa-
pore City itself.
February 12-Japanese push on
into island, meeting strong British
resistance, from both troops on land
and ships at sea. British artillery
pound Japanese lines, but encirclng
movement begins to draw closer.
Japanese patrols penetrate city's
suburbs.
February 13- Japanese reach
Tanglin. slightly more than 2 miles
from Singapore City, as fighting
becomes heavier in western and
northwestern sections of city itself.
British withdrew from one of two
reservoirs on which Singapore de-
pends for its water Women and
children hastily evacuated
February 14-British launch tank
attack in last-minute attempt to
stave of Japanese drive. Singapore
City subjected to constant aerial
bombardments and continual she'll
ing by artillery. British counter
attack fails to halt enemy drive.
Defense lines weaken against con-
slant pounding.
February l5-Japanese announce
unconditional surrender of Singa-
pore.
Evening star., 1942-02-16

dreaming OF it perhaps for 20 years
while our good people on both sides
of the Atlantic were prating about
perpetual peace and cutting down
each others navies in order to set
a good example.
The overthrow for a while Of Brit
ish and United States seapower was
like the breaking Of some mighty
dam. Long-gathered pentup waters
rushed down a peaceful valley. car
rying ruin and devastation forward
on their foam and spreading their
foundations far and wide. No one
must underrate any more the srav-
ity and efficiency Of the Japanese
war machine.
Whether in the air or upon the
sea, or man-to-man on land, they
have already proved themselves to
be most formidable, deadly, and. !
am sorry to say, barbarous antag-
| onists.
This proves a hundred times over
that there never was the slightest
chance, even though We had been
much better prepared in many ways
than We were. of our standing up
to them alone while we had Nazi
Germany at our throat and Fascist
Italy at our belly.
1t proves something else which
should be q comfort and reassur-
ance. We can now measure the
wonderful strength OF the Chinese
people. who under Generalissimo
Chang Kai-shek have single-handed
fought this hideous Japanese asgres-
sor for four and a half years and
left him baffied and dismayed.
Misfortune and Losses
Ahead Tor Many Months.
This they have done although they
were a people whose whole philos-
ophy for thousand years was op-
posed to war and the war-like arts.
and who in their agony were caught
ill-armed and iIl-supplied with mu-
tnitons and hopelesslE out-matched
in the air
We must not under rate the power
dIl0 AldlASC ol Od1 idGCSt AoS. ooe
neither must we undervalue the g.
gantic. overwhelming forces which
now stand in line with us in this
world struggle for freedom, and
which, once they have developed
their full natural inherent power
whatever has happened in mean
while will be found fully capable of
squaring all accounts and setting all
things to right for long time to
come.
You know I have never prophesied
to you or promised smooth or easy
things. and now all I have to offer
Is a hard adverse war for many
months ahead. I must warn you,
as I warned the House Of Commons
before they gave their generous vote
of confidence q fortnight ago. that
many misfortunes, severe and tor
turing losses, remorseless and gnaw-
ing anxieties lie before us.
To our British folk this may seem
even harder to bear when they are
at great distance than when the
savage Hun was shattering our cities
and we all felt In the midst Of the
battle ourselves.
But the same qualities which
brought us through the awful jeop-
ardy of the summer of 1910 and
those long autumn and winter bom-
bardments from the air will bring
us through this other new ordeal,
though 1t may be more costly and
will certainly be long.
One fault. one crime. and one
crime only can rob the United Ma
Evening star., 1942-02-16
Singapore Refugees
Arriving in Bombay

BOMBAY. India, Feb. is (P).-
Numbers Of refugees from fallen
Singapore are arriving in this port,
and the Bombay government has
established a special relief COM
mittee to attend to their needs.
Two thousand Indian refugees al
ready have been billeted with
friends and relatives in the interior
and European arrivals are being
quartered in the homes Of resident
Europeans here.
Evening star., 1942-02-16

British and Australian troops OBJ
viously left the (Singapore) fortress
Friday night for Sumatra" before
the stronghold was surrendered.
The newspaper was quoted as say
ing that 80 or more ships, none
smaller than 1000 tons. and a TO-
000-ton cruiser were at anchor at
Singapore up to Friday night, but
were all gone by Saturday morning.
1T is presumed that they carried
through the evacuation of British
and Australian troops" the news
paper added.
Only Chinese and Indians and
Malayans were left, it was quoted as
saving.
Evening star., 1942-02-16
Doctors Are Needed
For CunuI Service

for Panama Canal service and will
furnish free transportation by boat
or plane for appointees. The pay
is $4,000 annually.
Graduation from q class A medi-
cal school and a year of hospital
experience are requisites.
Evening star., 1942-02-16

Into the gap thus opened rushed
the invading armies Of Japan. We
were exposed to the assault of q
warrior race Of nearly 10000 900 with
a large OUTFIT Of modern weapons,
whose war lords have been planning
and scheming for this day and
Evening star., 1942-02-16
Australians Removal
Uncertoin, Forde Saws

SYDNEY. Australia. Feb. is Up
War Minister Francis Forde said
/ today he had received directly from
Gen. Sir Archibald p Wavell the
news of Singapore's fall but that he
was unable to say whether the
Australian force had been removed.
Evening star., 1942-02-16
~ the Associated Press.

8y the Associated Press.
LONDON, Feb. rs. - FOLLOWING
Is the tert of Prime Minister
ChuYchilPs broadcast last night:
Evening star., 1942-02-16
Most Of Troops Deported
For Sumotrd. Iokio SdYs

BERLIN rrom German Bro6d-
csstD, Feb. Is R).-The Toxic
newspaper Asahi was quoted in
German dispatches yesterday as
saying The largest part of the
Evening star., 1942-02-16


with
in
sIIand(1 -AP Whephoto
Evening star., 1942-03-30
800 Million Spent
For Leose-Lend
Food in Year
By the Associated Press.

~ tno A1DOCl8teu fIebS
The Agriculture Department re-
ported today that 1t had bought
more than $500, 900 900 worth of
food and farm products during the
first years operation Of the lease
lend program.
The bulk Of the products were
bought for shipment to Great Brit
ain, Russia and other United Ma
tions needing supplies of American
food.
The commodities, totaling more
than 7,500, 900 900 pounds were suf-
f1cient to supply upward Of 2,000, 900
average urban American families q
full year
A small portion Of the purchases
were distributed under domestic
relief programs, or were turned over
to the Red Cross for foreign relief,
or were shipped to American terri
tories in war zones for emergency
purposes.
Meat, dairy and poultry products
represented more than half Of the
purchases made. More than q bill
lion pounds of meat products, largely
pork and lard, valued at over $751;
900 900, were included. Eggs and
dairy products-principally cheese,
evaporated and dried milk-amount-
ed to 1,75o,000, 600 pounds, costing
t282, ,000, 900.
Evening star., 1942-03-30
War Job Predicted
Within Year for
Every u. 5. Woman
Peace Won't Be Bought
At Borgoin Counter
Rodio Symposium Told
Dy the Associated Press.

~ the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, March 30.-Before
1o42 ends every healthy girl and
woman in the United States will
have her own Job in the war as
signed and will be on that job,
Margaret Culkin Banning, Duluth
(Minn) novelist, said last night in
an international women in War"
radio symposium sponsored by the
Rational Federation of Business and
Professional Women's Clubs.
Were going to fill powder bags,
assemble machine guns and make
bombers," she said. Millions Of
women will guard their homes and
their cities. Hundreds Of thousands
will care for wounded and victims
Of war. We shall fight close to the
battlefields and far behind them.
The program was titled What
Women OF the Democracies Must
Do In 1912 for victory" with prom
inent women speaking from here,
Washington, Mexico City, London
and Buenos Aires.
I'VE know that peace cannot be
bought at bargain counters, that we
must pay q price for peace in terms
OF economic sacrifices" said Vera
Micheles Dean, research director of
the Foreign Policy Association.
This war has proved again and
again that the best kind Of defense
is of1ense The sooner we eliminate
the word defense from our vocabu-
larry, and our mental outlook. the
sooner We shall be prepared for the
task Of fighting a war that could
bring ultimate success, and give us
an opportunity to shape the world
to our hearts desire"
Nine. Anastasia Petrova. execu-
tive secretary to Maxim Litvinov,
Soviet Ambassador to Washington
said. Nov that spring and sum-
mer are approaching the Soviet
women are faced with new and
hard tasks-there are fields to be
sowed and planted and crops to be
harvested, as the army has to be
fed and agricultural work has to
be done in places recaptured from
the enemy"
Mrs. George v. Ferguson Of Win
nipeg, Canada, president Of the As
sociation Of Junior Leagues OF Amer
lea, said. I'm my country one-tenth
Of the workers in war industry are
women and thousands more are in
the auxiliaries of the army and air
force"
Evening star., 1942-03-30
Union Chief Says Labor
Assists Drive Against II
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
DETROIT, March 3o.-deorge r.
Adde's, secretary-treasurer Of the
United Automobile Workers-C. I. O.,
yesterday said unions were partly
to blame for what he called =
"vicious, stupid campaign" by con-
gressional and financial interests
to strip labor Of its gains under
guise Of the war emergency.
I'VE are being attacked In Wash
ington and elsewhere by the most
vicious reactionary forces that have
yet come to light In this war IN .
studied attempt to Wipe out our
hard-won gains Of the last few
years." Mr.. Adde's told delegates Of
u. A. w. locals in Ohio, Ontario and
Michigan.
I'VE, ourselves. are largely TO
blame for this by our failure to set
up adequate international services
to acquaint the public with the rea-
sons and causes Of the labor move
ment."
Evening star., 1942-03-30
ChiIIum Heights Citizen.
Defense Units to Meet

A joint meeting of the Chillum
Heights Citizens Association and
the Civilian Defense Committee for
the area will be held at 8 pm. Friday
at the Eastern Star Home, $500 New
Hampshire avenue NE.
Air raid wardens in the area who
have completed 20-hour course in
combating incendiary bombs and gas
attacks will be graduated Wednes-
day night at the home. The cere-
monies will start at pm. The class
of so men and women was instructed
by Miss Elizabeth Fielding.
Friday nights meeting was called
by Michael Finan, president OF the
Chillum Heights Association and
chairman of the Civilian Defense
Committee for the area.
Evening star., 1942-03-30
Germans Say Their Fire
May Have Set Oft Blast

BERLIN From German Broad
casts, March 80 (P.-German ma
val gunners may have set off five
tons of explosives packed into the
bow of the British destroyer Camp
beltown during the raid on st. Ma
zaire, a description of the German
side of the Commando attack dis
closed yesterday.
War Correspondent Frantz Bretz
gave this account of the operation:
Under cover of darkness, Brit
ish units, especially motor gun
boats with one destroyer, ap-
preached the coast during the early
hours of Saturday. In rubber boats,
several units of Scotch troops
reached shore. Others who fol-
lowed occupied the moles and piers.
They actually succeeded In getting
a foothold in certain places in the
port area.
THE enemy was soon detected
and defensive fire tore the first
holes in ships heading for their
objectives. The destroyer tried to
escape but ran aground. A ship
close by fired at 1t with her aft
gun and a sheet Of flame leaped
skyward followed by an explosion.
The stern of the destroyer sank. 80
AT am. we were in complete
possession of the port and town"
The Madrid press played up
prominently accounts Of the vain
British attempt to land at st. Ma
zaire." German dispatches said.
The newspaper Informaciones
carried a map Of the French coast
with the headline, British land
ing attempt in Europe was frus-
trated here" Madrid, another
newspaper, called the action proof
of the tnvincibility Of European
Evening star., 1942-03-30
Unions
Continued From First Page.)

putation on all projects under the
Army Engineer Corps indicated a
widespread CLOSED shop" program
for A. F. L. construction trade
unions had cost workers $50 ,370 ,903.
The Senator said this was based
on an initiation fee Of SIS for COM
mon laborers and truck drivers, $50
for carpenters and 500 for elec-
tricians and plumbers.
Il do not know how much was
actually collected" the Senator said.
Nobody knows but the labor union
oficers. and they do not tell any
one. not even the members of their
unions. They do not have to report
to anyone and the only way to
disclose the exact amount would be
through a thorough and exhaustive
investigation - ."
Waste Declared Rife.
Senator Reed said that his in
vestigation-made while he was rest
ing under doctors orders-disclosed
waste. extravaganza, slow downs,
overtime and inefnciency were rife
in virtually all plant construction"
The Senator said that union lead
ers from both the A. r. L. and Con-