davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-06-10
Chinese Feint
To Draw Jdps
From Railway
Guerrillss, Regulars
Counter-Attaek to
Offset Twin Drive

CHUNGKING. June 10 CUP).-
Chinese guerrillas and regulars
have launched strong counter-at-
tacks near Nanchang, capital OF
the southeastern provice of Ri
angst. and in Anhwei province 10
the northeast 10 offset the mount
ing pressure OF twin japanese
drives along the Kiangsi-Chekiang
railway. military dispatches re-
ported today.
The official Central News
Agency said the Chinese had re-
captured points near Wenshou-
kuhg. II miles west of Nanchang
and were pressing for the provin'
cial capital.
Observers here believed this
drive might advert substantial
force of Japanese troops concen-
trating on Selling the 150-mile
stretch of the Observation-Disclosures
railway still in Chinese hands.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-06-10
Smokers Tax
235 Million Tobacco Levy
Is Before House


WASHINGTON. June 10 tINS).
The tax-writing House ways and
means committee today convened
TO discuss treasury. proposals that
would bring $235, 100000 a year
additional in taxes from cigarets,
cigars, smoking tobacco and
cigaret papers.
The tax on cigarets. under the
treasury recommendation. would
be increased on 10-cent brands
from $3.25 to $3.50 per thousand
and on 15-cent brands from $3.25
to 81 per thousand. On a dime
package OF 20 cigarets the increase
would amount 10 approximately l
cent; on a 15-cent package of 20,
the increase would be about 2
cents.
Smoking tobacco would be taxed
IS. cents a pound as compared
with 1S cents al present, while
cigar levies would be raised 10
yield another $4,000, 900 i'm reve-
lnues.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-06-10
Allies in Libya
HurI Back Axis
In Tobruk Push
Rommel's Forces Increase
Pressure on Main
Desert Route TO suez

CAIRO. June 10 (UP).-British
armored and motorized units and
Free French forces hurled back
more large-scale Italo-G German at
tacks on the imperial southern
salient at Biz Hacheim. AZ miles
of Tobruk yesterday,
the British middle east command
said today.
A communique indicated that
Col. Gen. Erwin Rommeis Axis
forces were increasing their pres
sure daily against the Biz Hacheim
defenses which guard the main
desert route to coastal Tobruk and
the SueZ.
Yesterdays Axis attack was
carried out by an increased num-
der of tanks supported by dive
bombers. infantry and artillery,
the communique said.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-06-10
New Rush Begun
On Income Tax

Some 405, 900 Michigan income
tax payers who must pay nearly
500, 000,000 by the June Is dead,
line already have started crowdine
FEDERAL Building corridors. Gerald
Evans, deputy collector, said
today.
Evans emphasized il is not
necessary for taxpayers 10 appear
in person, al considerable incon-
venience, to make quarterly pay
ments.
"The payment accompanied by
the blu mailed the taxpayer, can
be made by mail with a personal
check, money order, bank draft
or cashiers check" he said. "A
great many persons could save n
lot Of time II they knew this"
There are approximately -foul
times as many persons making the
June income tax payment this
year as there were last year he
said.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-06-10
Z Plants Raise Pay,
End MiIIwork Strikes

A wage increase today ended a
fwo-week strike at the Pom
McFate Company. 5222 ST. Jean
avenue and At the James A.
Moynes Company. 901 West Mil
wxukee avenue, where vital war
millwork has been delayed.
Edward M. Owen, state labor
mediator, said the carpenters
union (AFL) agreed TO accept a
MOS minimum scale as compro-
mise for their demands Of Sil0
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-06-10
4U 5. HanesIost
In Burma Storm

WASHINGTON. June 10 (INS).
The war department disclosed
today that the United States lost
four heavy planes in storm as
they were returning from bomb
ing mission in the Far East on
June 3.
In a delayed commuriique Maj.
Gen. Lewis II. Brereton reported
that all the planes reached their
an enemy-held airdrome
at Lashio, Burma, but that heavy
storms were encountered on the
return trip, causing the loss of the
four bombers.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-06-10
|. In Tight Spot?
Call Pilot Kurtz

= Continued from Page One)
On the flying field. 1t looked like
we were marooned.
We made q trip out to the plane
to see that ii wasn't sinking in
the muck. Capt. John Sides OF
Birmingham. Ala, commanding an
Anti-aircraft unit, reported that
one Of his men was injured wher
three 2,000-pound bombs rolled
against him.
NO MEDICAL EQUIPMENT
There was no adequate medical
equipment at the little post, Cap.
tain Sides explained. and the near.
est base was 400 miles away.
.Csn you take him. he
asked.
'sHelI, yea" Kurtz replied.
after ne had spent a half-min-
ute hooking ut the soggy air.
drome. -Olkays boys lets turn
'em ovsr.-
Gently the injured soldier. Pvt
william Beverley of Aufalin. Ala.
10 years old, was lifted into the
biz Flying Fortress. Kurtz and
Co Pilot Lieut.. Marvin Mac
Adams Of Baltimore, Md. warmed
UP the engines. In 10 minutes
we were OF Ia worried. de-
termined. resigned crew and one
pale green newspaperman.
We made the hazardous Journey
down the field, where one second
zoo long In any place might have
bocRed us down permanently.
There was no waiting at the end
Of the apron for warming UP,
either, for Il was too soft there.
We turned around ut speed that
must have been so miles an hour,
and Kurtx said:
~Oksy, boys, here we 20.
Turn 'em ever, Mac"
With q terrific roar we went
on that field. slipping and sliding
and slushing. But, with room Il
spare, we cleared II.
|, TOOK Off IN 1000 FEET
Kurtx had taken off that shiI
In 1000 feet---and the recognized
minimum for a Flying Fortres!
n 1850 feet.
He lodged bad weather t.
make the trip easier for on
wounded passenger, frequently fly
ING at less than 100 feet.
s0esh," said young Beverley.
FL wouldn't mind getting hurt
1 again N they'll take me TO the
hospital In . Flying Fortress.
The best tribute 10 Kurtz's fly
ing ability was paid by the crew
chief, Sgt. Harold Garner OF Sal
Rafael, Cal.
HELL he said. "when you
need . guy 20 get you out Of
! ttght spots, Frank Kurtx IL II
he's good enough for our
nseney anytime"
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-06-10
Diet Slows Up laps
Sacrifice of Comfort and Nutrition Cuts Down
AIertness. Says Captured Nip Seaman

CHUNGKING. June 10 (INS).
The sacrifice of comfort and
OF nutrition practiced by
the japanese navy. to save space
and weight, has lowered the fight
ing efficiency of the personnel OF
warships, captured
seaman declared in an
article published today in the
New China Daily News.
THE crews are not capable Of
sustained alertness and pro-
longed fighting" according TO
the sailor who was identified as
Naoki.
The monotonous diet OF the
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-06-10
u. S. Ship Bags
4 Jap Bombers
Cruiser Houston, Lost at Java,
Saved Convoy in 2-Day Battle

cit was hit by fire from the
Houston" Trask reported, land
forced 10 dump Its bombs. IL
headed south and finally crashed
into the sea-"
Shortly before noon the next
day, four groups of Jap bombers--
II twin-edged, heavy type Nit
subishis and nine, four-engined
flying boats-came al
the convoy lin perfect formation,
Trask said,
THE Houston, at full speed,
swung into action with all her
apti-aircraft batteries, and laid
down - barrage across the Jap
line of flight, causing them 10
yeer 10 the east" Trask related.
SHIP AVOIDS BOMBS
"They were out of sight for
about Ave minutes, then came
|. back Mt varying intervals and
from all points of the compass,
and attacked the Houston with
what we assumed were half-ton
bombs.
wheeling Mt top speed, the
Houston avoided the load by Q
scant 100 yards, all the time
firing with all her anti-aircraft
guns. During the attack. which
lasted As minutes, the Houston
shot down three and winged
eight Of the Jap Mitsubishes."
Smaller naval vessels in the con
iyoy got in a few licks," Trasl
told, then the Japs, apparentl.
having had enough of the Houston
launched their attack on the mer
chant ShiDs.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-06-10
Canada Guards
Bridge and Tunnel

In answer TO repeated appeals
by Windsor officials, the Canadian
government today posted guards
n entrance Of Ambassador bridge
md Detroit tunnel today.
J. The patrol Is made up Of Ca
madam veterans of the last war.
On the American side. Michigan
etnte troops are on guard.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-06-10
Raj Takes Night
Off From Raids

LONDON, June 10 tUPl.-Royal
Air Force long range bombers
were grounded during the night
and the war in the air subsidized
to- its lowest ebb since the Raj
started its devastation offensive
ii days ago.
The air and home security min
istries announced that few Ger
man planes had appeared briefly
over the east coast and dropped
bombs in one district.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-06-10

Japanese sailor was said 10 con-
sist of rice. fish and s2lted vege-
tables. The lack of nutrition in
this diet. coupled with lack OF
rest. has caused lapses Of duty re-
sulting in many serious accidents.
according to Naoki.
One seaman who was supposed
to watch a dynamo dozed and
piston burned out causing q col
lision with another warship. Naoki
related. Carelessness due to SINH
lar disregard of the comfort of
the crew was responsible for an
explosion aboard a cruiser, he
SAID
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-06-10
NaZi Filler
krng Here
To Testify

Continued from Page Onel
Windsor, for return 10 prison
camp officials, as soon as his testi-
mony was complete.
As the six guards formed a
tight shield around Krug, only his
head and the epaulets were visible
when he was rushed through the
corridor.
TwoIother Canadians are among
the witnesses 10 appear. Both are
army officvers TO establish the
q details of Lieutenant Krug's
escape.
None Of the names of the wit
nesses, with exception OF Lieu
tenant Krug's. are to be revealed,
Lehr said, because OF fear OF re-
taliation by enemy agents. 49,.
STEPHAN IN JAIL
Stephan is now held in. the
Wayne County Jail after failure
10 furnish a SIS, 900 bond. He was
held technically on the charge OF
harboring an erNny alien after
he had admitted to FBI agents
that he had sheltered Lieutenant
krug for "a hours. winning and
ching him and aided his flight
from Detroit.
Not until three weeks later was
Krug recaptured by FIJI agents in
San Antonio. Tex, and returned
TO Canada.
; During World War I. as far as
could be learned, only two men
were tried for treason and both
were acquitted.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-06-10
2-Way CurfeW
Hopes TO Protect
Soldiers From Girls

MELBOURNE. June 10 (UP),
Lord Mayor Francis j. E. Beau.
repaire suggested today a mid
night curfew for women in Mel.
bourne to protect Allied soldiers
from the girls and vice versa.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-06-10

WASHINGTON. June 10 tINS)
The now-missing u. S. cruiser
Houston wrote vivid page IN
American naval history by shoot
ing down four Japanese bombers
and damaging eight others in a
two-day running Pacific convoy
battle, the navy department dis
closed today.
BY its rapid maneuvering and
accurate fire. the Houston, aided
by smaller United States war
ships, beat off, an attack by SO
planes and herded its
convoy into an Australian port,
though one ship was badly dam
aged and suffered % casualties
among its crew. Another ship also
suffered casualties.
This battle took place February
Is and 16. some time before the
battle of the Java Sea. since when
the 18-year-old cruiser has been
reported missing.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-06-10

"Your Own Horoscope" by
Frances Drake, Ii one of many
famous features In The Detroit
Times.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-06-10
ii. s. Chart.

Detroit and vicinity Continued warm
tonight and Thursday morning. scattered
showers and thundersiorms tonight, mod
crate winds.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-06-10

World Famous Comics. Three
pages every day In Daily De-
trOit Times.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-06-10
CRASHES INTO SEA

The story was related by Capt,
Frederick f. Trask of Oakland,
Cal. skipper of the only convoy
vessel which was badly damaged
in the battle. His vessel made its
way TO Australia with its cargo,
but was sunk there by Japanese
bombers. with loss of one life.
The first Japanese plane was
sighted by the convoy the after
noon of February Is, Trask said
in his report to the navy. The
enemy plane. a seaplane APP
preached and dropped down TO
a 900 feet.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1942-05-14
New Social Service
 Aide For Red Cross
Mrs. Mary O. Walton Appointed; Mrs. John Buell. Re-
 calls Resignation as Plymouth Chairman

Mrs. Mary O. Walton has been app ointed social service worker for the local Red Cross chapter, ac- cording to an announcement made by Mrs. Percy Warner, home ser- vice chairman, at meeting of the chapters executive board yesterday afternoon. She will attend a special home service conference in Wash ington May 19 to H3. The meeting was devoted to reports by the vari- ous committee leaders.
 It was reported that 52 cases had been acted on last month by the home service group, and that g cases of men who had entered ser vice were accepted. Foreign inquiry was made in 62 cases.
 A total of 138 first aid courses have been started in Waterbury since January and 83 are now in session, it was announced. The number of persons already certified as first aiders is 5,452, while 5000 are now enrolled in the classes. A total of 127 students are now taking 8 course in home nursing. The num- Der of nurses aides to graduate is "A, and they were said to have given 1870 hours of service.
 Plans for the salvage of wool clips saved as the result of the govern ment's ban on trouser cuffs were put off until definite word as to &C., ton is received from the national headquarters.
 Mrs. Judson Wells was named chairman of staff assistants, and it was announced that Mrs. John Buell., chairman of the Plymouth
The Waterbury Democrat., 1942-05-14
SOCIAL ACTIVITIES
Physician Spoke ToJuniOr Women

Cancer, Its Prevention and Treat ment" was the topic discussed last evening by pr. Charles L. Larkin before the Junior Women's club. The speaker compared the conquest of this disease with the eventual con- quest of countries which attack our nation. He gave synopsis of the development and treatment of can- cer since 2000 B. o. In conclusion he stressed the necessity of yearly medical examinations.
 An announcement was made that the summer formal will take place on June 20 at the Waterbury Coun- try club.
 Those attending included Ivy Needham, Mrs. William Schneider, Mrs. Carl Loether, Mrs. Frederick Pierpont, Mrs. John Casey, Betty Harrison, Betty Bloom, Elizabeth Rich, Marian Johnson, Eugenia Mallette, Marjorie Lewis, Mrs. Ed ward Coe, Mrs. Richard Hunt, Dor- othy White, Villa Bristol, Vivian Minor, Mrs. Frederick Camp, Mrs. Walter Upson and Dorothy Older shaw,
The Waterbury Democrat., 1942-05-14
.Stockman photo.

district for volunteer services, had recalled her resignation and would remain in office.
 Mrs. Stephen Burrall, chairman of the motor corps, reported that corps drivers have covered SIP miles in service, 400 of which were cov- cred by the station wagon. Miss Edith Chase and Mrs. Bonnet Bron- son have instructed 35 drivers in motor service.
 Mrs. John Braxl, chairman of Thomaston district, reported that combined group in nutrition and home nursing will be graduated May 9 with exercises at the Thomaston high school auditori- um. A representative of the local volunteer office will address the group.
 The Junior Red Cross reported that puzzles had been packed, wrapped and mailed to Connecticut camps for the Camp and Hospital Service committee of the local chapter. Members also moved large quantities of gauge from headquarters to production cen ters and aided in the moving of supplies to the new volunteer chapter house" at 165 Grove street.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1942-05-14
Insect Control

HOME gardeners should always A1 be on the lookout for insect pests. Particularly. when the plants iD the garden are. young and tender are they most likely t0 be damaged by insects. The best means of con, tr0l Is to spray or dust with the proper iDsecticjde st the first sigDs Of attack,
 Two types Of insect are we'll Known nulsaDces-ih0se that suck the juices or sap Of the plant, as Rphids or plant. lice. and those that chew or bite off bits of the plant, as worms Og various kinds. cateTpil, lars, and beetles The effect of the 6rst type can be seen tD general drO0piBess and unhealthy appear. RDce Of ibe plant; the work of the second shows ID IH actual riddlipg Of the leaves end Oihev plant parts,
 For sucking insects contact iD, secilcldeR are needed, The spray Ov dust must bic and cover the insect, actually snl0therlng li. An insect, eide containing 70 per cent nic0tlDA snlgaie is one 0f the best R0tenOne epd pyHetbvuDl gre also effective, The spray or dust must reach the i0Wev surface Of the leaves as well as pDDeT parts,
 Stomach pojsoBs gre required e0Y destroying chewing insects, The maf0vial Is sprayed OT dBsted thoroughly OD Hll surfaces OG lhe plant SO 9s l0 make . deposit, When lhe iDsect eats lhe plant l aIsO takes 10 some Of tbe poison laDd is Killed, One Of the most com Im0p p0ls0ns gOv chewing Insects is iealeiIm aFsenaie. ReteDODe, DFl' |maYlly . contact inseetieIde, sets % 10 stomach poison gov lhe green cabbage worm an6 ibe MeKIeAn bNaD beetle,
 VOv controlling such pests as enf worms, 0viekels, aDa grasshODpeys, ,pOiROn braD bait is sometimes lspgend Oll ihe aF0nnd at tho baAe I0g the plant. F0r ehe lergAY lnseeis such eS Colorado polel0 beetle, ihe blg green tomato worm. Rn1 ihe squash bug. hend picking is about lhe most satisfactory means eg eoils irol Co small eafaets. ~
The Waterbury Democrat., 1942-05-14
Hall Durner
 Nupti0Ls Today

Palms, calla lilies and carnations decorated the altar of the Bap- tist Church today for the wedding i. of Miss Christina Barbara Durner, daughter Of Mir. and Mrs. Max Burner of Oronolee Road, to Frank Arlington Hall, son of Mir. and Mrs. finthern Hall Of Ball Farm Road. OaEville.
 The Reverend J. R. Coombs per- formed the ceremony at two o'clock Gn the presence of guests from New Jersey, Meriden, Thomaston and this city. Miss Olga Hansen attended the bride as maid of honor with Edward L. Hall as his brither's best man.
 Given in marriage by her father, the bride wore a frock of powder blue crepe with a hat of dark blue straw trimmed in white flowers. Her corsage consisted of pink sweet heart roses with forget-me-nots.
 MT. and Mrs. Hall left for an tln- announced wedding trip.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1942-05-14
Women Voters
 League ConUentio1l

''War and Post War" were the twin themes of last evenings ses- sion of the Connecticut League of Women Voters convention which opened at the Hotel Bond in Hart ford yesterday morning. Mrs. John s. Custer, foreign policy chairman of the state league, discussed the leagues stand on foreign policy in time of war, and Mrs. Lewis Rose of Hartford, noted lecturer on for- eign affairs, outlined steps already taken and machinery already in op- eration which will have Q bearing on post war planning.
 Mrs. R. T. H. Halsey of New Ha- ven, state league president, opened the convention at 10:30 o'clock, after which Mrs. Chase Going Woodhouse, secretary of state, gave brief legislative forecast and re- cent National league convention decisions concerning the leagues role in war time were reported by Connecticut delegates.
 Fred Couey, instructor at the University of Connecticut explained how workshop methods can be ap- piled to league study of community problems, and Mrs. Elmer E. Rouse of Wethersfield, state league gov- ernment and its operation chair man, reported on an experimental workshop on the absentee voting law of the state, started in Hartford a week ago by the state league; Mrs. Allan c. Smith and local league officers reported on the league wartime service of spreading information on wartime problems to 8 wider public; and Stanley High, noted writer and lecturer, talked on the need during wartime for "Citizens on the Alert"
The Waterbury Democrat., 1942-05-14
Friends Entertained
 Arthur J. Kunkel

Arthur J. Kunkel of Fairview street was the guest of honor at a farewell party given recently by a group of his friends at the Silver Chalet. James Kiely presented MT. Kunkel with a purse.
 Among those present were: Mir. and Mrs. Arthur J. Hunkel, MT. and Mrs. Charles Galaida, MT. and Mrs. Joseph Driscoll, MT. and Mrs. Thomas Driscoll, Catherine Gilbert, Jerry Sullivan, Mildred Galaida. Francis Mitchell, MT. and Mrs. Hugh McCabe, MT. and Mrs. Frank Boyles, MT. and Mrs. James Kiely, MT. and Mrs. Raymond Driscoll, Mrs. Vincent Donnelly, Mrs. Roland Jaminet, Mrs. Mar garet Downey, Mrs. John Maloney, Margaret Hogan, Mrs. Thomas Dermody, Arnold Smith, Howard Downey, Ruth Cicio, Francis Fahy, Kaye Moss, Robert Veillette, Lor- raine Theroux, Philip Veillette, Lorraine Noble, John Began, El- eanor McGrath, Roger Drufa, Barbara Mackey, Robert Banzigar, Pegi Driscoll and Arthur Kunkel.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1942-05-14
Associates Fete
 Jean Northrop

A group of her friends entertain ed Miss Jean Northrop of Wolcott at dinner party last night at the Hotel Elton. The bride-elect re- ceived a mahogany card game set from her associates of the Tabu- lating Division of the Cost Depart ment of the American Brass com- pany.
 They included John Hopkins, John Bronsky, Edward Root, Jean Mallette, Mildred Dooling, Lois Seeley, Eleanor Roy, Gladys Erk, Peggy Brennan, Ethel Conroy, Hazel Rutishauser, Theresa Stanton, Mar garet Webb. Gertrude Schuster, Oliver Dwyer, Helen Weise, Kay Crean, Vivian Larson Loretta Stocking, Betty Belanger, Hazel Spurr,, Edith Ney, Mary Bradley, Margaret Edwrads, Henrietta Greer, Ann Mazzarella, Florence Sturges, Doris Nichols, Dorothy Richard, Bertha Bitzer, Loretty Dwyer, Grace Sutton, Bea Booth, Louis Stocking, Harrie Blake and William Gaug- ghan.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1942-05-14
Personal
Personal

Mir. and Mrs. Samuel Elman of Fleming street announce the birth of 6 daughter at the Waterbury hospital today. MT. Elman is busi- ness manager of Radio Station WATR.
 Mir. and Mrs. Albert Osman and daughter, Susan of Stratford, have been visiting MT. and Mrs. Walter DeWayne France of Calumet street.
 MT. and Mrs. George Nash of Norfolk have been entertaining MT. and Mrs. Joseph Higgins of this city.
 Announcement has been made of the birth of 8 son, William Robert, at the Waterbury hospital on May to MT. and Mrs. Donald Me- Intosh of Watertown.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1942-05-14
DUBOIS SPEAKS ON
 PRODUCTION WORK

c. Arthur Dubois, of the Scovill Mfg. Co.,, spoke on Production Training in Defense Factories" at meeting of the Kiwanis club yes- terday at The Elton. He described the work he and his associates are doing in touring factories in this area, training employees in new pro- duction methods as part of a state- wide campaign.
 MT. Dubois was introduced by Ar thur Purinton, educational director of the Y. M. c. A.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1942-05-14
ProOincia Auriliary
 Sponsors May Dance

Provincia di Foggia Auxiliary will sponsor an entertainment and dance Saturday, May 23., at Temple hall, featuring Joseph DiPietro's orches- tra.
 Mrs. Josephine Bozzuto is presi- dent of the group. Mrs. Lucy Pa lomba chairman of the arrange ments committee for the event, will be assisted by assistant chairman, Mrs, Maria Tore; treasurer, Fran ces Cesarino; secretary, Mrs. Ange- lima Viega; Dora D'Alonges, Jo- sephine Mandino, Antonette Aug ella, Anna Carullo, Mary Marco, Ma rie DeCosno, Anna Vassallo, Lucy Angelicola Fannie Bernardi and Concetta Maglieri.