davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-09-28
Urges Drafting
OF iS-19-Ycar-OIdS.

To the Editor of The Star:
We are in an all-out war that de-
mands We 40 what war efficiency de-
mands.
War efficiency demanded months ago
that We draft the Is and 19 year olds.
Facts-stern, unalterable facts-show
that the 18 and 10 year olds have been
more efficient in past wars than those
over 80.
Life asked selected list OF WASH
ington correspondents: IF you were
President, what would you do immedi-
ately to improve the war effort and
make victory more certain?"
Six measures were advocated with
practical unanimity. including: Il would
lower the age for military service to 49,
The article concluded: Congress
should be made to face the military
facts despite fall elections!"
Milton, Mass. JAMES PHILLIPS.
Evening star., 1942-09-28

the British have handled their
domestic problems successfully. where
we have failed, because they have
had the courage and the wisdom
to approach these problems with
view to serving the national welfare.
They have avoided the special con-
cessions to pressure groups which
have been the undoing of our efforts
at setting up domestic controls, and
which have prevented us, in some
instances. from doing anything to
cope with other dangerous condi-
tions, such as the migration of farm
labor If Mr.. Tobin can succeed in
bringing only this fact home to the
American people and their Govern
ment, his trip will have been we'll
worth while.
Evening star., 1942-09-28
AutumnoI Pyre

autumn is building her funeral pyre.
Fruit from the bough,
Stem and pod and the last fouer
Are ready noD.
A stab OF flame in the mist, Golden
Flash, and they pass
Leaf and ha,D, the immaculate bern.
Bracken and grass.
They pass d1ray, but In their coino
The crimson blaze
Burns into immortality
These autumn days.
MYRTLE ADAMS.
Evening star., 1942-09-28
Letters to the Editor
Defends Finland'S Resistance.
To Alleged Russian Aggression.

To Alleged Russian Aggression.
To the Editor OF The Star:
Dorothy Thompson recently urged
Americans ito abandon prejudices and
give full cooperation to Russia"
And, among other things, she said:
"We tumble around the Finnish ques-
ton, although our other communication
with Russia is by way of Murmansk and
could be made secure only by blow
against Northern Norway and Finland,
which is possibly the most reasonable
second front that we could open"
At the rally for Finnish relief in Madi-
son Square Garden, New York City, De-
cember 20, 1889, Miss Thompson paid a
glowing tribute to Finland for her gall
lantry. heroism and honor in defending
herself against Russian aggression and
inyasion.> She condemned Russia for
ruthlessly attacking helpless, small,
democratic nation.
But the situation between Finland and
Russia today is the same as it was in
1889. Finland still is defending her
freedom. democracy and independence
against the same Russian aggression and
invasion.
True, there are those who are now
urging us to declare war on Finland.
But If we examine their motives, we will
discover that large percentage of them
are Communists or fellow travellers who
are concerned not so much with de-
Tending our rights as with the destruc-
tion of Finland and what it stands for.
On numerous occasions the govern
ment of Finland has proclaimed in alb
solutely unmistakable terms that Fin
land wants to stay out of the conflict
between the great powers. This stand
Finland has adhered to as carefully as
her safety and vital interests have per-
mltted. Consequently, the administra-
ton and the overwhelming majority of
the American press and people fully
understand that Finland is victim of
circumstances and that Finland is a
friendly nation and desiring to remain
such, at present only is defending her.
self IN a lite-and-death struggle against
an avowed and ruthless enemy. No one
can deny her the right to defend her
self ~
Until Russia is willing to make a fair,
reasonable and safe peace with Finland
she says with Britain and the United
States as guarantors-we should con-
unue the present policy of friendly un-
derstanding of her dif1culties. This
policy seems not only to be to our best
interest. and in full harmony with the
principles of the Atlantic Charter, but
also to give the best. guarantees against
Finland being forced to play more
active part on the side of the Axis. 81.
--. .-.r JOHN SARRI.
New York, N, Y.
Evening star., 1942-09-28
Fishing Expedition

The worst war news of recent date
is the unoficial disclosure that the
Department of Justice, through its
antitrust division, has decided to
Investigate" the transportation in
dustry
From the language of the unofficial
announcement, it appears that this
investigation is what is known in the
courts as fishing expedition" 1t
is not aimed at any particular
alleged offenses. On the contrary,
nine grand juries in as many cities
are to be asked to probe the history
OF the transportation industry since
1920. Coming within the scope of
the inquiry will be the railroads, the
motor carriers, the waterways and
the airlines.
One must assume, of course, that
officials of the department have in
mind some specific practices which
they believe should be stopped. But
the inquiry is not limited to specific
practices. This is q fishing ex-
pedition, through which the depart
ment apparently hopes to turn up
one thing or another that might
form the basis Of prosecution later
on. Under normal conditions, per-
haps, there may be some advan-
tages in this procedure. But in time
OF war it can be thoroughly harmful
and dangerous.
This is particularly true Of the
railroads, which are subject to the
control of the Interstate Commerce
Commission and which have been
doing the major part Of the trans
portation job that is 50 essential
to the prosecution of the war. And
they have been doing it in magniti-
cent fashion.
According to the unof11cial an
nouncement of the investigation, it
was prompted by reports of trans
portation congestion and delay in
volving the war effort" This is an
amazing statement.
Since the start of the war the rail-
roads have moved 5000, 900 soldiers
an average OF $500 miles. They have
moved many millions of gallons of
alcohol for the manufacture of ex-
plosives and synthetic rubber. When
the transport of oil and gasoline in
tankers had to be stopped because
of enemy submarine activity the
railroads were asked to help. Rail
officials estimated they could move
100000 barrels day in tank cars,
and this was laughed at as being
fantastically high. Today they are
moving around $50 900 barrels day.
In addition they have handled tre-
mendous quantities OF war materials
in freight cars and vastly increased
passenger traff1c-all Of this with
much less equipment than they had
before the depression. Yet the De-
partment OF Justice wants to prose-
cute them because it believes there
has been some congestion and some
delay.
It remains to be seen what the net
results of these grand jury proceed
ings will be. But it is clear enough
that a great deal of the time of
transportation officials, which ought
to be devoted to the movement of
soldiers and war goods, will be taken
up with the questions of prosecutors
who have difiiculty seeing beyond
the range of particular economic
theory. From the point of view OF
winning the war, it is too bad that
there is no more important work for
these prosecutors to do.
Evening star., 1942-09-28

@. What WAS the title of the book that
Conan Doyle completed for another au-
thor?-V. r. B.
A. Grant Allen died before the last
episode of his mystery story, "Hilda
Wade" was written. His friend Sir Ar
thur Conan Doyle completed it.
@. When was the battle of Borodino
fought?-L. N.
+ A. 1t took place 10 miles from Moscow
on September 7, 1872, during Napoleon's
campaign in Russia.
@. Who was the first woman to fly
across the Atlantic Ocean from west to
east?-H. NJ
A. Mrs. Beryl Markham British So
ciety matron, was the first woman to
fly across the Atlantic Ocean from west
to east (september 4, 1886.
@. Would it be possible for human
beings to live on Mars?-R v.
A. Astronomers recently have learned
that the atmosphere on this planet con-
tains almost no free oxygen. This re-
duces the possibility that life such as we
have on earth can exist on Mars.
c. How many men are there in fir-
ing squad?-M. O'C.
A. The number of men and bullets
used is decided by the officer in charge
Normally there are about eight men in
the squad, all of whom use ball Qiye)
cartridges. In Utah the law provides
that the firing squad be composed of
four men. One blank cartridge is used:
the remainder are live.
Q. When person browns, what is the
actual cause of death?-L S. E.
A. Death is caused by the deprivation
OF oxygen from the system A small
amount of water does enter the lungs.
@. What State capital has no railroad?
IN. W. =
A. Annapolis, capital of Maryland, is
not served by any railroad.
Q. What is the Pilgrim society9--E.
K j.
A. This organization was founded at
Plymouth in 1890 1t erected Pilgrim
Hall in 1924 and has a valuable collec-
ton Of portraits and memorials of the
early settlers.
@. What do whales weigh at birth?-
H. H.
A. The calves of large whales are from
20 to 26 feet in length and weigh 5000
pounds or more at birth At maturity,
they are 80 to 100 feet In length and
weigh 100 tons or more.
@. What kind of bill was the first
one enacted by Congress and signed by
George Washington?-J. B. r.
A. 1t was tariff bill
Q. What caused Kipling to write "Ths
Recessional?-C. G. D.
A. The poem was inspired by the
6oth anniversary of Victoria's reign.
@. Where is the pigeon blood ruby
found?-N. r.
A. Burma is the sole source of this
famous ruby. and even there the gem
is rare.
Evening star., 1942-09-28
Planning Future Traffic

Plunnin9 Future lroftic
1t is most gratifying that the
newly created District Motor Vehicle
Parking Agency regards the decline
in automobile traffic during the war
as real opportunity to plan for the
traffic problem after the war. For
there was an evident disposition in
some quarters to view the scarcity
of tires, gasoline and new automo-
biles as an automatic solution of the
traffic and parking problems. 1t is,
OF course, no such thing.
Now, and in the near future, when
the use and possession of automo-
biles are on the decline, is the very
time to put into effect regulations,
especially those affecting parking,
which could not be applied in the
Immediate past. The abuse Of street
parking in Washington continued
and became worse because off-street
parking facilities were not available
and the public streets were the
only parking places available. 1t
will be a calamity in more than
one respect If the rush for automo-
biles after the war, when they un-
doubtedly will be cheaper and better
than ever before, catches us unpre-
pared to deal intelligently with the
parking problem.
The new Motor Vehicle Parking
Agency was proposed before the war
as one of the methods of attacking
the parking problem in connection
with Washington's future highway
program. 1t has now been set up
and Is ready to begin work. John G.
Bell, chairman, has announced that
his committee will cooperate with
other District agencies toward ac-
quisition and development of So
called terminal parking" facilities,
or fringe parking, where automobiles
would be left while their occupants
continued travel in the congested
area by buses, streetcars or other
means of transportation. If land is
selected and purchased now for such
areas, development of the areas after
the war can be accompanied by a
gradual elimination of all-day street
parking.
In this connection it is interesting
to note that on the day the Motor
Vehicle Parking Agency held its first
meeting here the Regional Plan AS
ISOLATION of New York announced
comprehensive plan involving an end
to free parking in the city's business
streets, construction of crosstown
express highways in midtown Man.
haitian and Brooklyn, and invest
ment Of private capital in a string
OF day-parking garages. Private
capital will not be interested in such
garages, OF course, while free parking
is permitted on the streets. An in
teresting recommendation of the re-
port is that future commercial build
ings must provide off-street loading
facilities.
AS in Washington, many of these
proposals will not be made effective
during the war, when new construc-
tion is confined to vital war needs.
But there is no disputing the oppor-
tunity presented to all cities now for
preparing intelligently and compre-
hensively for handling traffic after
the war.
Evening star., 1942-09-28

streets in Georgetown bore their old
names until they were all changed in
the 1870s TO accord with the numbers
and letters of Washington streets High
street was then changed to Thirty-sec-
ond street, which name it bore until
about 40 years ago, when 1t again was,
changed, to Wisconsin avenue
ARCHIBALD KING,
President, Georgetown Citizens Associ-
alton.
Poses Que ton About Consideration
For Taxpayers With Real Estate Debts.
To the Editor of The Star:
Various letters and articles printed in
your paper with respect to the proposed
tax bill have ignored one point of vital
concern to myself and many like myself.
My salary in war work is very small,
but I have q very large income from
real estate. All of this real estate in
come, however, has been pledged to re-
duce the mortgages. Up to now. my per-
sonal income has been large enough to
permit me to pay the income tax on this
ACoA CoVdtC AlCOllC u1lCCt lIOIIl my Salary.
But with reduced salary, increased
living costs and the tremendous increase
in the tax rate, am licked, unless some
provision is made for me.
Mind you, am willing to pay the tax.
But to do so, I must use some of the
real estate income pledged to reduce the
mortgages. Will Congress pass a law
that no foreclosure is possible if the bor-
rover can prove the prepayments are
being withheld to pay taxes?
Here is my concrete Illustration: MY
present salary amounts to about $4,000.
My income from rents, after paying taxes
on the property, repairs and taking other
credits permitted, will amount to $4,000,
all of which goes to the mortgage holders.
My life insurance premiums amount to
$500 per year. How can pay my tax?
G, r. S.
Evening star., 1942-09-28
New York, N. Y.
Gives History of Changes
or Georgetown Street Names,

To the Editor OF The star:
The residents of Georgetown have
noted with pleasure the beautiful
sketches by Miss Durston and In par
ticular several Of scenes in Georgetown,
including that which appeared in last
Saturdays paper Of old High street. We
cannot help regretting, however. that
the beautiful sketch was accompanied
with the incorrect statement that the
name of High street was changed to
Wisconsin avenue soon after Wisconsin
was admitted to the Union In 1s48. In
quiry of any resident OF Georgetown OF
40 years standing (and there are few
such survivingo would have disclosed
the error. High street and the other
Evening star., 1942-09-28

Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address of
the ,Oriter, although the use OF
a pseudOny1n for publication is
permissible. The Star reserves
the right to edit all letters Nth
Die,D to condensation.
Evening star., 1942-09-28

mo Present Need Seen by House
Committee for Control of Labor"
reads headline. 1t is hoped that
Labor will be equally tolerant and not
try to control the House committee.
Evening star., 1942-09-28
Hoskin's Answers
To Questions
By Frederic J. Hnskin.

A reader cdn get the dnssper to any
question OF fact BY toriting The Eve
ming Star Information Bureau. Fred
eric J. HCskin, director, Washington,
d. c. Please inclose stamp for return
postage,
@. Why is dufrel bag so calledP-
r. V. B.
A. From the material from which 1t
is made. This material was named for
the town of Duffel. near Antwerp in
Belgium.
@. How much did it cost to build st.
Paurs Cathedral in London?-A. K. r.
A. 1t cost approximately S400o,00o
said to have been raised by . tax on
imported coal.
O. Which is the largest city In the
world in point of area7-L H.
A. 1t is, probably, the Free City OF
Danzig. Within its area OF 7sl square
miles are 25s localities, including the
municipality of Danzig.
c. How did Gothic architecture get
ltS name 1T, >.
A. 1t was at first term of contempt.
The Goths were barbaric people and
Gothic architecture was so called to
denote the poor opinion the Italian
people had of it.
Q. Who said Mans extremity Is
Gods opportunity"?-C. v. B.
A. The expression was used by Lord
Belhaven in the Scottish Parliament,
November 2. l7o6. protesting against the
Union Of England and Scotland
| @. Please name some well-known men
| whose wives were older than they were.
! N. P. A.
! A. The Empress Josephine was older
than Napoleon; Queen Catherine OF
| Aragon was older than Henry VIII
Mary Stuart was older than Francis II
of France; Jenny Lind, older than Otto
Goldschmidt; Disraelis wife was his
| elder by Is years; Ann Hathaway Shake
| speare was 9 years older than her hus-
band. Mrs. Warren C. Harding was
older than the late President.
Evening star., 1942-09-28

House Plants-A 30-page Govern
ment publication containing detailed
information on the care and growing
of the various plants adaptable to
indoor use. 1t is profusely illustrated,
and any one interested in plants for
the home should have copy of this
informative booklet which describes
over so varieties. To secure your
copy inclose cents in ccin, wrapped
in this clipping, and mail to The Star
Information Bureau.
Name
Evening star., 1942-09-28

@. How much did it cost to build st.
Paul's Cathedral In London?-A. X. r..
A. 1t cost approximately $4,000 900.
said to have been raised by tax on
imported coal.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-02-19
S,-Vilhy Break
Feared ON Aid
To Sea Raiders
French West Indies Isles
Reported Giving Supplies
TO U-Boats OF America
Bv MICHAEL CHI\IGO
Int'I News service stan torres pondrnt


WASHIN G TON. Feb. 10 --
United Statcs-Nlchy relations tOoh
"a turn for the worse today when
The American government after
carefully cyaluatlng French o.
plantations Of and extended 10 tho
AXIS powers, Informed Marshal
Petain that il considered them
unsatisfactory.
Notice was served on NichS
Ambas Sador CASTOR Henry-laIc
by UnderSccrctary Of State sum
ner WclIcS IN 50-mInutc state
department conference after
.WcllcS had conferred with Prcsi'
dent Roosevelt.
The American decision may
have been partially Influenced by
reports that Tho NaIl U-boa'
which recently rlidod Aruba, m
the Caribbean obtained supple,
from the French West Indian
Islands OF Gustaioupc Ut AdftfRi-
Iquc
These and other reports that q
French General Jcauneau was be-
llcyod 10 bo acting ~ an ANS too
at Madagascar. strategic lndlar
Ocean island which is As large q,
Franco Itself. We're cmphatiCalit
denied toby, by llcnrN-Iiaye
Icnry-IIa>c denied that Japan
would gain access 10 Madagascar
as j. dad French Indo-Chlna.
I'VE are not aware of any
threat 10 Madagascar nc as
serted.
"\onethelc>s, We have decided
10 protect the island from any
INVASION"
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-02-19
Paris Poverty
Food and Fuel Scarce,
Women emsciated

NICHY. France - Feb "a ms
Actual want and poverty have
become acute IN PARIS according
10 rcliahlo reports from tho &C
CjplNd area Of Franco
Only 'hc very WoaI'Sy can get
sufficient food j. was reported.
and thoU only by paying from
I1n 10 500 francs a meal on certain
privileged restaurants or bN
p4tronlInC the black market
The effects of u3lnuuuon arc
beginning 10 become generally APP
parent II was SAID Women arc
Cmaciatcd and yellow. and every
one suffers from cold. because Of
the. extreme fuel shortage
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-02-19
Davies Red Relief Speaker

Joseph +. DavifS~formcr Ameri-
can ambassador 10 Russia. and
Madame Ivy Litvinoff. wife oi
RuSSla'> amhaS> ador 10 tho United
States. VIII speak A. Olympia
March IS. in behalf of tho Detroit
committee Of Russian War Relief
Inc. n was announced today.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-02-19
JHpS Ban .NPHfrHIS

WASHINGTON. Feb. 70 dNS).
Official sources ir Washington
To-Day disclosed that Japan Has
refused 20 permit Switzerland or
any other neutral foreign govern
mrn' TO represent American IN
forests ln Manila.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-02-19
Clio Educational Farley Set

4 thrcc-day educational confer
cnCc 10 he attended by delegates
from Go local, IN Michigan opens
tomorrow in the Detroit Leland
Hotel \ principal discussion al
the conference viii be means OF
decreasing industrial accidents.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-02-19
NOW CONSILTA\TS

Tho OCD SAID Walm>lcy and
Ickwan. would he retained IS
Con>uIt3n'S. bu' would not hold
'alar.cd positions. Schultz WIII To-
nam aS acting regional director
C' tho OCD.S seventh area. with
latdluaI'cr, ~ Omaha
Thirteen cou~uItarr, and other
employees N 'hc Know Your COY
eminent DIVISION viii ho dropped
o. transferred 20 other positions.
Previously Lands mad accepted
'ho resignation of Miss Nayri>
CLANCY dancer trend az Mrs
Roosevelt. whose Si.6Oo-a-yoar iob
l0 'h' recreation DIVISION had
raised a storm an Congress.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-02-19
FEARLESS LEADERS

\ 1JCn- officer here Al The front
gave an illustration OF this leader
ship
FIRST Lieut.. Wllbald Blanchi
OF New Elm MINI. carrying a
rife voluntarily took part Of his
company INTO action
Early in the fighting he was
wounded IN the left hand.
He threw away has rife. drew
his pistol. which ne could handle
with one hand and continued 70
lead his platoon.
Il was not long before Bianch
and his mon were advancing lntC
the fire of a Japanese machine
gun nest
BianchiS mon located tho nos
and he disposed Of IT with a hano
grenade.
Later hc spotted another ma
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-02-19
dpBombs Rain
On Macarthur Il
In About Drives
U. S. Planes Enter indies
Battle; Invaders Pound
Philippine Defenders
By JOSEPH \. BORs

Iut1 News e>er,ice staff Correspondents
WASHINGTON. Feb 19.-1n.:
crca,lng activity by United States
pursuit planes and bombers in thef
East Indies indicated today that
som O. rclnforccmentS va
reached that sector, but reports
from the Philippines bore grim
tingc a. Japanese invaders ralned
shells and bombs almost con-
Stantly' on Cen Douglas MacArv-
thurs lines. -
NacArthur's plight in the face
OF mounting Japanese pressure of t.
set somewhat the welcome repor Er
from tho southwest Pacific that
American fighter planes have shot
down -four enemy aircraft and /,
bombed Japanese held airdrome,
while flying tortrcSScS scored hits
on two Jap transports and de-
>troyod two invasion bargeS.
Other adVicCS from Batavia dis
closed that American. British and
Dutch aerial and ground forces aret
striking back furiously at the Jap.
ancSe IN an effort TO stem the
East Indies invasion tide.
> TRANSPORTS SUNK -
Disclosure by tho war depart-
ment that nine American P-40 puf1
suit planes shot down four Jap
fighter craft over Java minated
that additional aircraft have ar.
rived 10 aid the United Nationss.
there. but military sources warned
that such reinforcements still are
mere trekle. -
Following the aerial battle, the
army said the same P.-40s then
dropped light bombs on enemy in
Stallations al the Palembang air
field in Sumatra with 'undeter-
mined results. s..
A few hours earlier, the army
reported that flight Of its four
motored bomberS probably sank
two Jap transports and destroyed
+ two bargeS off Bangka Island, be-
tween Sumatra and Borneo. -"
In the Philippines, meanwhile. a.
curtain of enemy artillery fire antb
virtual nonstop bombing raids
screened the movement of Jape-j
4 neSe troop reinforcementS towaedI
f the Bataan battle lines in what ahJ
4 pcared 20 be the opening Of the
i. big push against Macarthur. -
, New enemy shore batteries re-
{. Sumed their siege against Ameri-
can forts in Manila Bay.