davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-10-22
Objects to BrOadcasting
OF Traffic Court Hearings.

To the Editor of The Star:
We have a constitutional provision
against "cruel and unusual punish
ments," even in capital offenses, yet
blandly tolerate like punishments in
minor traffic violations, and that before
conviction.
I refer, of course, to the questionable
practice of one of our radio stations,
still in vogue, of entertaining its radio
clientele every morning with cases COM
ing before our. Traffic Court-those
accused of exceeding the speed limit
by fraction jump-starting on the
yellow signal, going wrong on one
way street, double parking, even for a
split minute, and the hundred and one
other traffic violations some few of our
auto brethren occasionally are guilty of.
seriously question whether this fits
in with good radio practice and good
taste, and whether it should be per-
United to continue. I know that If I
were thus publicly pilloried--I have been
driving for more. than score OF years
and have yet to get ticket for traf-
nc violation-I certainly would not
like 1t. s. SAMUEL sALOMAN.
Evening star., 1942-10-22
Dairy Problem

The dairy farmer, even with legis-
lation to help him, is often unhappy.
What irks him most is the mechanics
of the distribution system, which by
it's complexity and the number of
middlemen involved makes a whale
of a difference between the price he
gets for a quart fob. the COW and
the price the ultimate consumer pays
cod. the doorstep. He longs for
something simpler along this line.
Yet Dairy Farmer Pete Serafin of
st. Helens, Oregon, has established
some kind of record for rapid, effec-
tive delivery of milk right from pro-
ducer to consumer with no inter-
vening steps, not even that of
pasteurization. He has two regular
customers who have informally, but
effectively, contracted for the entire
supply of one of his Holstein cows.
They go right to it themselves and
milk the COW with no trouble to him.
An, ideal set-up, surely-but such is
the contrariness of the farmer that
he is kicking like a steer over the
arrangement, and hopes to terminate
it, by force if necessary.
N. B.-The customers are two baby
elk, shepherded daily to the COW by
their mother, who is no fool. Faced
with a shortage OF milk by the unex-
pected arrival of twins, she devised
her own share -the-milk program.
Evening star., 1942-10-22
The Solomons

Only a few months ago the Solo,
mon Islands were known chiefly
to stamp collectors. Now their name
has currency on every American
tongue. They never will be forgotten.
So long as history shall survive, the
conflict occurring there at the pres
ent moment will be remembered.
Describing the archipelago, Lippin-
colts" Gazetteer says it consists of
two parallel chains lying in the
Pacific Ocean about 1000 miles
northeast of Australia. One chain
includes: Bougainville, Choiseul, San
Isabel and Malayta, all of volcanic
origin; the other likewise mainly
volcanic in character, Guadalcanal,
Florida, New Georgia and San Cris-
toval. The climate is moist and hot,
and the mountains, valleys and allu-
vial plains are densely forested with
tropical trees and underground Ac-
cording to British surveys, the total
area is approximately 1880 square
miles, roughly twice the size of
Massachusetts,. The native inhabit-
ants are classified as Malays and
Papuan Negroes, and travellers praise
them for their strength, physical
beauty and intelligence, but concede
that they still are savages.
A Spanish navigator, Alvaro Men
dana, generally is credited with the
discovery of the islands, though it
is doubtful whether he was actually
the first European who set eyes on
them" The date Of his voyage was
1867, and in anticipation of the ex-
ploitation of the natural riches OF
the neighborhood he called the
whole ensemble "Islas de Solomon" J"
Guadalcanal, supposedly, was given
It's specific title in the hope that 1t
would yield silver in quantities COM
parable with the mines OF Guadal-
Evening star., 1942-10-22
THIS AND THAT
By Charles E. TrdcetUell.

This is our smallest bird next to the
ruby -throated hummingbird and is par
ticularly inconspicuous because it hugs
the tree trunk. and is the same color.
No doubt thousands of persons, per-
haps tens of thousands, looked at that
creeper and never saw it.
This is just another way of saying that
one finds what he looks for. There are
at all times, except in winter, scores of
migrating birds dropping down into the
trees in our downtown park areas.
Washington is particularly fortunate
in having that greatest of bird delights,
trees Where there are trees, there will
be birds.
The discovery of such species as wax
wings in the center of the city always
makes red letter day for the observer,
He may take a legitimate pride in hav-
ing seen something worthwhile where
thousands of his fellows saw nothing at
all
Yet even on the dreariest days there
will be sparroWs and starlings and these,
too are interesting, as our correspondent
points out
Young starllngS are so unlike the
parents in coloration that few unin-
structed persons recognize them for
what they are. Sometimes they think
they are seeing utterly new strange
birds.
Scientists have done a great deal of
work on the starlings, and are bringing
to light not only their abilities as mu-
sicians, but also their aid to agriculture
by the destruction of many noxious
insects.
Popular belief holds that starlings rem
der no aid to man, and that they have
no song or call worth mentioning
The truth seems to be that this bird
like many others, is not as black as he
is painted.
Suburban dwellers in the spring often
listen with appreciative ears to a medley
OF calls and soft whistles. They want
to know what bird is that?"
The musical bird is some old starting,
responding to the call of the season.
When a number of them are in a tree,
and begin whistling, they make interest
ing, if not exceptional, music.
X X X
In former days, in downtown Wash
ington, particularly in the Mall area,
there were barn owls and others.
One owl dWelt for years in the tower
of the old Smithsonian Institution Build
ing, and another had nest in the tower
of the old Post Office Department Build
ing on Pennsylvania avenue.
Scientific studies of the diet of owls
went on at the former point. The ma
| terial was close at hand
Instead of dawdling along in a half
| daze, as many pedestrians do, it is a
| good plan to keep ones eyes open for
birds, as we'll as for traffic hazards.
| One might as we'll have this source OF
interest. 1t costs nothing, and in time
works into real recreation.
Birds are happy creatures At least
that is the general impression they make
on most persons. They have something
to offer us, in this hour of the world s
| trial by fire and sword.
Evening star., 1942-10-22
"INTERNAL REVENUE.

"Oear Sir.
1--WE recently reported to your column
the observation of a flock Of more than
100 cowbirds on the National Museum
grounds nearest to Twelfth street and
Constitution avenue. We have noticed
birds generally in this area during the
lunch period two or three times week
over period of eight or nine months,
and are abundantly able to confirm your
comment that it is not necessary to go
to the suburbs or country to see birds.
Probably the high light of bird obser-
vation in this area was the flock of more
than Is cedar waxwings that came last
June for mulberries to the large mulberry
tree located at the southwest corner of
the New National Museum Building
They came on several successive days,
however, in gradually decreasing num-
bers. The touches of bright color, the
tones and shades of color that change
with the light and the position of these
birds, together with their. sleek, tailored
appearance with not feather misplaced,
make the cedar waxWing prime favorite
in the bird realm.
I'VE have always regretted that such
fine bird should be almost totally
lacking in an acceptable song or call.
incidentally, on one of these days men
toned a mockingbird flew back and
forth to the mulberry tree, continually
serenading us and all others within his
nearing for more than half an hour.
One or two mockingbirds have frequently
been seen or heard in this same area.
English sparrows, starlings and robins
nested in this area in considerable num-
bers. There was frequent opportunity to
observe the feeding and conduct of the
parent birds and their fledgings. The
attitude of the brownish-gray young
starlings seems to be different from that
of most other fedglings. With rasping
noises they demand food and brook no
delay. In mulberry time there were
young robins in all stages of develop
ment and considerable opportunity was
afforded to learn about them more
intimately.
apparently their speckled breasts
to be bird of another species. At least
one pair of grackles nested in this area
and were frequently seen whereabouts.
OF course, the feeding of pigeons is a
familiar sight in this area-as it is in
most Of the downtown Washington
parks.
The flicker was observed in this area
on several occasions. At times he ap-
peared to be quite unafraid There also
appeared at least once during these
months a catbird, downy woodpecker
brown creeper and blue jay Chin
ney swifts frequently flew overhead
During the past week, brown thrasher
has been seen several times according
to the schedules, he should have depart
ed for the South several weeks ago.
Thus, birds are where you find them
Sincerely, A. H. K"
You have got to have your eye really
open for birds to see brown creeper in
the downtown area.
Evening star., 1942-10-22
COrrectS Statement
About Navy Requirement.

10 the EQlt0r OF Inc star.
Several weeks ago there appeared in
your paper letter in which 1 appealed
to the Army and Navy officers to open
their ranks to all. There was one state
ment in the letter which I would like to
correct at this time. applied to the
Navy Recruiting Station, I said, but was
turned down because had molar tooth
missing. Apparently this sentence is
somewhat misleading, and should like
to correct it to the effect that 1 could
not qualify for naval service because I
did not have the SUFFICIENT number of
teeth needed. However, I was told II !
obtained the requirements for these
teeth and qualified in all other ways, the
Navy would be very pleased to have me
enlisted.
am very anxious to correct my orig
inal statement as I know the Navy Is
more than liberal In its physical requires
ments. MAURICE M. CRAFT.
Evening star., 1942-10-22
Entered rs second-class matter post ONCE
Washington, D. C.
Member Of the Associated Press
Hospital Personnel

w oSAllll6IOll tlOopl pIO-
gram is still on paper, after all
these months of discussion. The War
Production Boards latest ban on
military construction and Mr..
Nelson's order that all such projects
be reviewed before additional priori-
ties on material are cleared, may
keep it there indefinitely.
Additional hospital beds for Wash
ington and the Metropolitan Area
must somehow be provided But it is
Important that there be greater
public understanding of the fact that
even II they are provided, such facili-
ties will afford no solution of Wash
ingtons serious hospital problem.
In case of epidemic, a possibility fire.
quently mentioned in connection
with urgent need of more hospital
construction-bed space could be
provided in many buildings, such as
schools and churches. 1t would not
be the first time that wartime Wash
ington has so improvised it's hos
pitfalls. Walt Whitman and Clara
Barton knew them well.
An even more urgent need now is
for hospital personnel, especially
trained nurses. Washington hos
pitfalls are short, by some estimates,
of 200 general duty nurses. If the
hospitalbuilding program were real
lied, LOO additional nurses would be
needed. Even such public institu-
tions as Glenn Dale cannot fill
vacancies now. Some of the local
hospitals have tried to bring nurses
here from out of town. But the
housing shortage has made this i'm
practical. For the same reason it
has been difficult for hospitals to
Increase their training facilities. In
stitutional nursing, moreover, offers
small compensation in comparison
with the higher salaries and better
working conditions offered in other
lines of employment.
The subject is under study from
many angles, including the shorten
Ing OF training courses, encouraging
married nurses who have left the
profession to come back to work by
providing suitable day care for their
children, lowering some requirements
that do not involve reduction of
professional standards and the
increase of compensation. If man.
power legislation is enacted, it may
even become necessary to order
nurses on private duty to the less
attractive general duty, where the
need is greater.
But on one subject there is no
difference Of opinion and that is the
great Importance of the OCD-Red
Cross courses in training volunteer
nurses aides. If some of the hos
pltals were in the beginning skeptical
Of this work, they are enthusiastic
about 1t now. Six hundred volunteers
have been graduated, the training
classes are filled and Washington's
quota has been increased from a
thousand to fifteen hundred. The
Importance of this phase of volun-
teer civilian defense work cannot be
overemphasized 1t deserves every
support the community can give it.
Evening star., 1942-10-22
DiSSents From Criticism
Of Concession to Italian Residents.

To the Editor of The Star:
In a letter published in the October 18
issue of The Star James Rooney ex-
presses his objection to the action of
Attorney General Biddle in removing
from loyal Italian residents the stigma of
allen enemy" Fortunately, the tenor
of the letter exhibits his bias against
Italians
On the other hand, every student of
Italy and its internal policies knows that
Mussolini does not trust Italians over the
age of As years. Very few of them are
part of the Fascist structure created by
a group of outlaws. The Fascist state is
totalitarian in form, the will of 43,
100000 italians is subjected to a few;
no one dare voice his opposition. All
must bend to the dictum of the Fascist
regime. Italy's participation in the
present conflict as one of the Axis powers
was not willed by the Italians, nor was it
the result of a deliberate action of
congress of italian representatives
elected by free ballot.
Shall the sins of band of interna-
tional outlaws be visited upon an inno-
cent people?
The liberal policy of the American
Government has permitted the migra-
ton of thousands of worthy aliens from
all the nations of the world. Our doors
have been opened to political and re-
ligious refugees No conditions have been
imposed on these immigrants and refu-
gees save that they conform to our laws
and customs
The lifting of the stigma of enemy
alien from Italian aliens was not the
result of hasty action on the part of the
Department of Justice, nor was it actu-
ated by political considerations. It was
based solely on the conduct and loyalty
of some 100000 Italian aliens lawfully
residing within our borders. This con-
duct and loyalty was ascertained not by
guess, surmise or wishful thinking, but
overwhelmingly determined by an intense
and exhaustive investigation conducted
by the Federal Bureau of Investigation
No true American can find fault with
action of this sort, for it symbolizes the
very traditions which have sustained the
American Republic. 1t shines as an ex-
ample to all conquered people that
America stands for equality, liberty and
justice to all people who are God d-fearing
and law-abiding. A. D'ANDREAS.
Evening star., 1942-10-22

desertions, and the morale Of the
Army was said to be rapidly de-
teriorating. But experience demon
strated that those alarmist assump-
tions were without foundation, and
1t is to be hoped that the same will
be true of the present crop OF doleful
forecasts.
Evening star., 1942-10-22
Indorses Defense of Censorship
In Behalf Of Saving Lives.

To'the Editor Of The Star:
1t is a fortunate coincidence that
David Lawrence happened to demoish
the suspicious expressed on The Star
editorial page for October 20-and that
he did it SO conclusively just five columns
to the right. The editorial deals in
guesswork; Mr.. Lawrence states what he
knows to be facts-and he wins the
debate hands down.
The editorial on "Candor in Govern
ment" SINNERS down to the single SEN
tence: There has been too much evi-
dence OF what appears to be a studied
purpose to soften the impact of defeats
and losses by announcing them little
at time -
To which Mr.. Lawrence responds:
"One thing can be stated positively.
. The high command Of the Army and
Navy Is not holding back news because
Of any relationship to the problem Of
Evening star., 1942-10-22

Q. Which is the oldest city in South
America Pr. T.
A. Cuzco, Peru, the ancient capital
,of the Incas.
@, Who is president of the Mark
Twain Society?-D. T.
A. The president is Cyril Clemens of
Webster Groves, Mo.
@. What is the significance of the
words "Amegya, Sans Origine" on a
cablegram?-K. E. D.
A. Amegya is a code name designat-
ing place which cannot be disclosed.
The phrase sans origine" means with
out origin Such words appear on mes
sages from members of the armed forces
whose location cannot be revealed for
military reasons.
c. What are the principal islands Of
the Andreanof group?-C. K
A. The principal islands, from east to
west, are: Atka, Adak, Kanaga and
Tanaga. Comprising the middle Aleu-
tians, they lie west OF Dutch Harbor and
east of Kiska.
Q. Where was the photographer sta
toned when making the film of the Bat-
tie of Midway?-B. G. N.
A. Jack Mckenzie, a naval photog-
rapher, second class, took the techni-
color pictures of the Battle of Midway.
He was stationed on the roof of the
powerhouse, the tallest building on the
island. When asked the cause of the
breaks in the film, he replied that in a
bombing raid any one would be affected
by the falling bombs.
Q. What is the meaning of Lethe?-
W. P E.
A. In ancient mythology the Lethe
was one of the five rivers of Hades It's
waters made those who drank of them
unmlndful of the past The word. which
is derived from the Greek for fergetfuI-
ness is used figuratively to denote obliy~
ion or forgetfulness.
@. In how many languages does the
British Broadcasting Co. broadcast?-J,
V. E.
A. Forty-six languages are employed.
@. What famous poet served as
nurse in the Civil War?-E. F. E.
A. During the second year of the
Civil War the wounding of his brother in
the Battle of Fredericksburg led Walt
Whitman to volunteer as an army nurse
and he served until the close of the war.
in Washington and Virginia. The lit
erary results of his experiences we're
Drum Taps and Memoranda During
the War" made up of letters written to
the New York Times. His letters to his
mother during the war were posthu-
mously printed in 1898 under the title
of The Wound Dresser"
O. Who were Kipling's three mus
keteers?-C. D.
A. Kipling's musketeers we're Mul.
vaney, Ortheris and Learoyd.
Evening star., 1942-10-22
Letters to the Editor

Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address of
the 1Uriter, although the use Of
a pseudonynl for publication is
permissible. The Star reSerUes
the right to edit all letters 1Uith
a Uie1U to condensation.
Evening star., 1942-10-22

America soon will feel keenly q
nickel shortage, say Government ex-
perts. But hardly as keenly as it will
feel the dollar shortage on the If
teenth Of next March.
Evening star., 1942-10-22
Hoskin's Answers
To Questions
BIZ Frederic J. HnSkin.

reader can get the ansfuer to any
question of fact by 1oriting The Eve-
ming Star Information Bureau, Fred
eric. J. Haskin, director, Washington,
d. Please inclose stamp for return
postage.
@. Were many pigeons used to carry
messages in the first World War?-C. D.
A. Tens of thousands were used by
all the armies. In the Meuse-Argonne
offensive alone 442 American pigeons
delivered total of 4O3 messages.
O. Where is the so-called BLACK
Madonna"?-J. w.
A. There is BLACK Madonna" in the
Chapel of Einsiedeln Cathedral. Schwiz
Canton, Switzerland. The black face Is
said to be due to the smoke of thousands
of votive candles, though some observers
report that the statue is actually black
marble. Another such Madonna is at
astery of Lavros on Mount Athos in
Greece.
Q. Is cut glass cut with dlamond?-
M. M.
A. Genuine cut glass is done with a
diamond point. 1t cuts the glass in such
way as to produce prismatic effects
throughout the piece.
Q. What is meant by the figures I to
100,000,000 in reference to the scale of a
map?-C. L. N.
A. 1t means that each inch on the
map represents 10o,oOo,oOO u,57e miles
on the earth.
Evening star., 1942-10-22
Home Law Book-COmpiled esne.

Home Law Book-Compiled espe.
cially for the use of the layman this
publication, revised to include up-to-
date changes in the naturalization
law, tells in simple style and nom
technical language what you want to
know about this subject. The 48
pages of text and tables cover the
field of Contracts, Notes, Interest,
Wills, Property, Marriage and Divorce.
Copyright, Patents and Trademarks
in such a manner as to instruct the
average person. To secure your copy
inclose IS cents in coin wrapped in
this clipping and mail to The Star
Information Bureau.
Name
Address
Imperial Valley press., 1942-10-29
Warren Stresses
Non-Partisan Need
For Governorship

RIVERSIDE, Oct 2o.-Attorney
General Earl Warren declared in a
speech here last night that 1T IS
evident problems or issues surround
ing the contest for governor cannot
be approached or settled by parti-
san conception of public service
Warren pledged that, If elected
governor next Tuesday, he will not
deviate from his non-partisan course
during his term in office.
"Non-partiSan handling of pub
lie office is not new policy with
me-" he declared. Il have practiced
such a policy throughout my public
service. The charge has been made
recently by those who did not take
the trouble TO learn facts that l
had not appointed any Democrats
to responsible positions in the at
torney generals office. Facts speak
for themselves. Five assistant attor-
neys general, all appointed by me,
hold key positions in the office.
Three are Democrats, two Republi-
cans. These men were appointed on
the basis of experience, training,
abilit.-, integrity. Partisanship did
not enter into the matter at all"
Imperial Valley press., 1942-10-29
Livestock Show
SpotIiqhts Youth

KANSAS CITY, Oct. 29.-(U.PD
The auctioning of prize winning
livestock and the judging of the
grand champion steer, lamb and
hog yere scheduled to be the high
lights today of the abbreviated
American Royal Livestock show.
Yesterday, the opening day,
youth held the center of the stage
when the boy and girl members
of All clubs paraded their entries
before the judges.
Mary Helen Bradley, Is, of Cal
houn, Mo, won the grand cham
pionship in the junior division with
her steer, a 1000-poltnd Angus.
Bob Lacy, 10, Arapaho, Okla. won
the Hereford steer championship
and Waltham Miller, Jr., 10, Gran
ger, Mo, won the Shorthorn steer
championship.
Dan Easement, Manhattan, Kan,
captured double honors with his
carlot feeder and carlot fat cattle.
Placing behind Easements fat car
lot cattle were the Shorthorn
champions from Sni-A-Bar farms,
Grain Valley, Mo, and the Angus
champions, owned by F. E. Eitel,
GreencaStle, Mo.
Imperial Valley press., 1942-10-29

BY ERSkTNE JOHNSON

One Of the years biggest movies
is the story of 10 American boys
and their girl friend, Mary Ann.
And this is the story behind the
story.
Mary Ann is sleek and trim and
neat and she has a smooth figure.
But she is not anything like your
typical Hollywood glamor girl. She's
a BIZ bomber-a gigantic, silver,
Cotton flying fortress.
Mary Ann is the star of Warmers
Air Force" and her boy friends
include John Garfield, Harry Ca
rey, Gig Young and George Tobias.
For 16 weeks they have been toiling
in front of the cameras to show
what happened to them and their
girl friend from Pearl Harbor to
the Coral Seas
Among the backstage sequences
are such production items as
transplanting three-quarters of a
mile of Florida wilds. There are
tropical sidelights, like John Gar
field having to thumb his way on
the highway in Florida back to his
hotel because of the gasoline ra-