davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1942-08-28

New York and the nation start
tackling the problem at it's roots.
Harlem is slums. Slums breed
crime. Before Harlem there was
Hell's Kitchen, Little Italy, the
Ghetto, the Car Barn district-all
with long somber records of
chronic crime coupled with eco
nomic disadvantage. When eco
nomic betterment came to these
districts "crime waves" subsidized
proportionately.
Harlem staggers under all the
disadvantages of all the other
crime-breeding slums in the city's
history. In addition it bears the
burden of racial discrimination and
segregation.
If you want to understand crime
in Harlem you must understand
these things first:
Negroes make up most of Har-
LENS 100000 population. Like
everybody else, Negroes need de-
cent jobs to live decently. Despite
all the fine words about non-dis-
elimination in industry, he still is
the last to be hired. Only five per
cent of New York's population is
Negro, but Negroes comprise TWEEN
ty-fve per cent of the people
forced to accept home relief.
That figure has a striking paral-
lei in crime rates. The ratio of
prison inmates in this city and
state is about five Negroes for
every white. There are five times
as many Negroes as whites, pro-
portionately, in our city and state
prisons.
Rotten dwellings in crowded, rat
infested tenements, grossly made
quate medical care, lack of educa-
ton opportunities and facilities
all these help to round out the pic
ture.
Harlem, most in need of special
social services, gets the least be-
cause of rampant discrimination in
social agencies. Add to this a mig
gardly, short sighted municipal
policy.
The best way to prevent adult
crime, next to abolishing its eco
nomic causes, is to prevent child
delinquency. New York had a
promising agency for preventing
juvenile crime - the Juvenile Aid
Bureau, which did most of it's work
in Harlem. 1t was terribly under
stated with respect to social work
ers. Experts urged that its work
be expanded. So the city fathers
responded by throwing out nearly
all its social work staff this year as
an economy" measure. 1t Saved
the city some $4,000 and undoubt-
eddy helped breed future muggers
and murderers in Harlem.
The City-wide Citizens Commit
tee on Harlem summed up the
whole thing neatly in a recent re-
port: Poverty plus discrimina-
ton plus crowding equals crime.
The equation is inevitable as it is
tragic"
The wonder is not that many
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1942-08-28
CONGRATULATIONS

I wish to extend my very best
and hearty congratulations on the
Sth anniversary of the Minneapolis
Spokesman and st. Paul Recorder
and wish you continued success
Rev. S. F. Coleman, 910 Locust St.,
Yankton, S. D.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1942-08-28

Harlem youths go wrong, but that
so many scores of thousands of
Harlem folk manage to lead decent
upright lives under the terrific dis
advantages that add up to Harlem.
When will we start thinking in
terms of the crimes against Har-
laDo
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1942-08-28
SHORT NOTES

lot of Christians praying Goddess" Red
those Nazis!
reasts point that will probably require than
hold Hers egon-no than front!
Liberty loving Americans do easily reconcile Btan endorse
of the Freedoms with her of India!
Four hundred families of the Negro communities share in the
roll of plant Let the other plants line for democracy
The example before them!
Imperial Valley press., 1942-04-15
Small Factories
May Use Aliens

est in relocating their plants ad-
jacent to reception centers."
So far cnly two reception cen
ters have been established for hous-
ing the more than 10000 japanese,
Italian and German aliens and Jap
anese- Americans who are to be
evacuated from the coast defense
belt. The two centers now in oper-
alton or being built are at Man
zanar in the Ovens Valley and at
Parker on the Colorado river In
disn reservation, both in southern
California.
Eisenhower said scores of sites
were being studied for locations for
other centers.
Such centers must meet the fol-
lowing requirements. he said; They
must be on public land; they must
be adequate in size fer large groups
as a minimum guard unit can guard
5000 perSCnS as easily as a smaller
number; they must provide work
opportunities throughout the year
either in public work, food produc,
ton, or production of war goods
they must be a safe distance from
strategic works; and transportation
and power facilities. water supply
soil, climate and similar factors
must be satisfactory.
Imperial Valley press., 1942-04-15
Groundwork Laid
For $1,000 Drive
ToEntertain Army

Members of the FL Centro De-
fense Recreation council laid the
groundwork Wednesday for their
drive for $4,000 to provide recrea-
ton and entertainment for service
men stationed in the community
and those who visit it.
Approximately $3.50 will be used to
pay off the balance still due on the
swimming pool built at Camp See
ley last year The Army furnished
the labor on the pool, the staff in
the Ell Centre public works depart
ment did the engineering work, and
the public was to contribute the
funds. The council budgeted $3.50
month to maintain the canteen re-
Gently established on Main street
in FL Centre for the Servicemen.
The council also assisted in the
building of the recreation hall at
Camp Seeley and recently assumed
the responsibility Of providing
money to complete the building and
equip it with coolers.
Furnishings and equipment for
the club room also were provided
b. the council This club room or
Continued on Page 2, Col. D
Imperial Valley press., 1942-04-15

and Jack Taylor, so.
Ell Centro-Winlers, p L. Moore
1892, and H. w. Fawcett, 991. Los.
ers, P. E. Ryerson, 694, and Chester
A. Irving, SIS.
patria-Winners. William c.
wilkinson, 145; DR.. w. D. CHATTER
1877, and Martin Herrle Ill. Loser
Uel j. Sinclair "a. City Treasurer
Merton L. McKendry was reelected
with vote of ITO.
BraWley-WinnerS, Elmer Sears
237; Frank Kretz, ga, and w. B
Nichols, 226. No opposition.
Imperial-Winners, j. D. Brooks
267; L. C. Niles, 224; Dan Taylor
160; E. E. Norwood, 217. Losers
E. Hudgins, IL, and Robert Nc.
Call, 81.
Holtville - Winners, Dr. H. B
Graeser 326; Clarence P. Denny
3?i, and F.. Roy Thompson, $40
Loser was JOHN A. DePacli with 1853
Calexico-Winners, Fred Procsal
ll6; Earl Roberts, 1903, and G. G
Rambo. 85. Losers tall Write-ins)
l.. H. Dove, 40 votes for long term
and for short term; George Poles
1S long term, z short term; Les
Cardiff. l; Karl Edmunds, l long
term, l short term; Ernest Ellis,
for short term.
Imperial Valley press., 1942-04-15

IOr ScnOOl trustees TO lille Cnelr dec-
larations of candidacy with the
county superintendent of schools.
If this is not done, candidates may
be elected by voters writing the
names on the ballots. Trustees will
be elected in every rural and munic-
ipal district in the county.
At the August primaries state,
county, and township offices will
be voted upon.
Supervisorial positions in two dis
tricts will be open in CaleXico where
I. Schlatter is the incumbent and
in Holtville where Dave Vencill is
the incumbent. Justices of the peace
and constables in each of the eight
townships will be voted upon, and
central committeeman of all politi-
cal parties will be elected.
Voters also will elect a county
clerk, a sheriff coroner, district
attorney, recorder, an auditor. a
eaSurer, a superintendent OF
schools, a surveyor. and public adj
ministrator.
May 27 is the first day for candi-
dates to file their nomination pa
pers with the county clerk. The last
day candidates may circulate and
file these nomination papers with
the clerk is June 90
Imperial Valley press., 1942-04-15
House Committee
Says CareIessness
Burned Normandie
Unreasonable Orders
Declared Factor in
Damage to Big Ship

WASHINGTON, April Is.
(UP)-The house naval af-
fairs committee today attrib-
uted the fire that capsized
the former French liner Nor
mandie in New York harbor to
Issuance of unreasonable orders"
and "carelessness," and urged i'm
mediate transfer of the merchant
marine to the navy.
The committee unanimously ad-
opted the report of subcommittee
on the Normandie disaster and dir
ected that copies be sent to Presi-
dent Roosevelt, Secretary of the
Navy Frank Knox and the heads
of all naval bureaus involved in
the Normandie incident.
Chairman Carl Vinson, D., Ga,
told members of the subcommittee
he was glad that it had recommend
cd merger of the merchant marine
into the navy. He disclosed that
Admiral Emory S. Land, chairman
of the maritime commission was
discussing such a move with Presi-
dent Roosevelt today.
He predicted that the merger will
Continued on Page 2, Col. d
Imperial Valley press., 1942-04-15
us. B0MBERS BLAST JAPS ON PHILIPPINES
VALLEY CITIES NAME
COUNCILMEN AT POLLS

Imperial Valley voters elected the
men they wanted to run their re-
srective cities Tuesday, and while
everybody knows the actual results.
the electees cannot act in any Of
ficial capacity until April 81.
The state election code stipulates
that no certificate of election can
be issued by the city clerks until
absentee ballots have been counted
And absentee ballots cannot be
counted until after April 20, which
means that the count will be made
on April 81, following which the
various councils will meet (prcb-
ably the night of April 2D and the
coLncilmen- elect will receive their
official notifications of election.
The elections, with the exception
of FL Centro and Westmorland,
were mild affairs. Holtville and
Imperial, for instance, returned
their incumbent ccuncillnen with a
Imperial Valley press., 1942-04-15
0rganist Pleads
Insanity Defense

LOS ANGELES, April 15-(UP)-
Courtney Fred Rogers, a year cid
church organist who confessed the
profit murders of his father, mother
and grandmother, today pleaded
not guilty by reason of insanity.
Rogers, who said he had no funds
to hire a defense lawyer, was ac-
companied to Superior Judge Ed
ward r. Brands court by Deputy
Public Defender Lloyd Robinson.
He is accused of chlorotolming
his mother, Mrs. Lilly Rogers, pois-
oning his grandmother, Mrs. Sophie
Spiegelman, and asphyxiating and
burning his father, Courtney Com
modore Rogers.
From insurance policies and prop
erty inheritance Rogers realized
about $500. Another complaint
charged him with grand theft for
collecting $4,000 insurance through a
fake jewel burglary.
Imperial Valley press., 1942-04-15
'Unarned Combat
Tricks Taught New
Men in Australia
AnZac Veterans Drill
Recruits in Widest
Type of Fighting
AN A U STR ALIAN N
TRAINING CAMP, April
15 TP) American and

IeHI IA~lA>N YAM ApI l
Is. (UP) - American and
Australian soldiers are be-
coming expert free-for-all
fighters under the direction Of
tanned Anzac veterans who learned
the value of unarmed combat in
the Middle East campaigns.
Brass knuckles have replaced box
ing gloves in Australian training
camps where drilling schedules are
on l6 hours day basis. Clad only
in shorts, tennis shoes and helmets,
the rockies become tanned and
tough campaigners in a few weeks.
Unarmed combat methods are
rough. After the first few days
both men and instructors display
cuts. scratches and bruises.
Every enlisted man assigned to
combat duty must learn how to dis
arm the enemy, WELD bayonets,
clubs and bottles against him, dis
mount his bayonet and disembowel
him.
The training sessions resemble
free for-all fights with no holds bar
red. While one instructor teaches
the proper application of the head
lock. another shows his charges
Continued on Page 2, Col. ID
Imperial Valley press., 1942-04-15

minimum of fanfare. In Imperial,
the voters reelected j. d. Brooks.
L. G.. Niles and Dan Taylor. Holt
vile also demonstrated its conf
dence in that city's incumbent
councilmen by returning to office
Councilmen H. B. Graeser, Clarence
P. Denny and F. Roy Thompson.
The cnly valley city in which the
voters upset the applicant was West
morland, where Mayor j. j. Gard
ner and Councilmen Jack Taylor
and Joe Williams were showed un-
der by new blood running on a
victory ticket.
How the election went in the var
iouS valley cities:
Observation-Disclosures were Glen
Killingsworth, 108 votes; Bud Kis-
see, 1C2; Elmer Hamaker. 96, ana
James Harvey Jr., 81. Losers were
Joe Williams, 70; j. J. Gardner, So.
Imperial Valley press., 1942-04-15

SAN FRANCISCO. April 15-CUP)
M. w. Eisenhower, director of the
war relocation authority. said today
small manufacturing plants are in
terested in sites adjacent to alien
reception centers to give employ
ment to japanese and other per
sons removed from the Pacific coast
defense area.
Eisenhower said the possibility of
manufacturing war articles such as
cartridge belts and camouflage nets
at the centers was being explored.
Hand labor would be used as much
as possible.
He said several manufacturers
who previously had employed Japa-
nese and other factory operators
whose plants have been closed
down "have indicated great inter
Imperial Valley press., 1942-04-15
Laval aIPromisest TO
Take Middle Road
In French Policy
PrO-Axis Premier to
Attempt Agreement at
Paris With Germans

VICHY, France, April Is.
(UP) - Pierre Laval, pros
pective premier with full
power over a cabinet of his
own choosing, pledged him
self today to a middle of the road
policy between the United States
and Germany and sought, at Paris,
an immediate emergency agreement
with Germany on the future OF
Nazi-Vichy relations.
1t was revealed that Laval was
brought back to power-more power
than he had welded before his
political eclipse l6 months ago-by
a German threat to set up Puppet
government in occupied France with
it's capital" at Paris.
Laval was called back only after
the failure of a dramatic attempt
to organize a compromise govern
ment under close aides of Marshal
Henri Philippe Petain, it was dis
closed.
TO FORM CABINET
Now he plans, it was understood,
to form a cabinet most OF whose
members are in favor of collabora-
ton with Germany. Well informed
quarters said, however, that nei-
ther Jacques Doriot, French Fascist
leader, nor Marcel Deaf. Paris edi-
tor who is the chief collaborationist
spokesman. would be included.
~f 1rar n
midnight when the outgoing govern
ment Cancelled its previous cancela-
ton of bitterly worded rejection
of a United States note on Ameri-
can consular recognition of the Free
French government at Brazzaville,
West Africa.
1t was reported that the rejec-
ton was cancelled at the behest
OF German authorities and it was
finally released only after Laval, in
Paris, had been assured by Vichy
that it was not intended to compli-
cate his position as regards the
United States at the moment he
was about to reassume office.
OFF AGAIN, ON AGAIN
The French rejection, which call
e6 the note by acting Secretary of
State Sumner Welles insulting and
tending to discredit in the eyes OF
the world the conduct of French
citizens who need no lessons in pa
triotism from foreigners" was is
sued at 8 o'clock last night. Half an
hour late it was Cancelled. But at
midnight a special communicate an
nounced the cancellation of the cam
celat ton.
The text came from the foreign
office. 1t was Cancelled by the office
of outgoing Vice Premier Admiral
Jean Francois Darlan. Finally Dar-
! Continued on Page 2; ColumnD
Imperial Valley press., 1942-04-15
Donohue Resiqns
As Draft Chairman

John w. Donohue, who is recover
ing in Ell Centro hospital from a
critical illness, wednesday resigned
as chairman of the Ell Centro Sc
lective service board.
The other board members accept
ed his resignation with regret They
selected Henry Swanson, the secre-
tary, as chairman and M o. Simms
as secretary to take Swanson's
place. Donohue had been chairman
since October, 1910.
Imperial Valley press., 1942-04-15

He was 50 years old and had been
i'll for several months. He was con-
fined to Walter Reed hospital until
recently when he was moved to his
apartment in the Wardman Park
hotel. Pneumonia developed and he
succumbed at 4:45 am. today.
Johnson's mother, Mrs. Elizabeth
Johnston, and his son, Kilbourne,
lieutenant colonel in the army,
were at the bedside.
Since 1884, after disagreeing with
New Deal policies and after the
death of NRA, johnson has written
a daily newspaper column. His caus-
tic and often salty remarks have
generally been critical of the admin
istration, and in recent years. criti-
cal of the administrations foreign
policy.
Imperial Valley press., 1942-04-15


Development corporation, and the
General Aniline and Film corpora
ton.
The individual defendants. fined
a total of $4,000, were: l. w. Will
son, vice-president Of Alcoa; Arthur
" Davis, chairman of the board OF
Alcoa; Roy A. Hunt. Alcoa vice.
president and president OF the Mag
nesium corporation; willard II. Dow
president of the Dow company; Earl
w. Bennett, Dow vice-president, and
Carl Hochschwender. president OF
the Magnesium Development cor
poration.
The consent DEGREES. besides en-
joining specific practices OF the
defendants. would make all patents
owned by them available TO anyone
who applies for them.
Imperial Valley press., 1942-04-15

The lines were imposed by Fed
eral Judge Henry w. Goddard after
he had accepted the pleas. Samuel
Isseks, special assistant attorney
general in charge of the New York
antitrust division of the justice
department, announced subsequent
ly that consent decree in the case
would be filed later today.
The consent decree will provide
for the compulsory and free licens-
ing of patents held by the defend
ants for the production and fabri-
cation of magnesium, a metal vital
to war production.
The corporate defendants. which
were fined total of $4,000. were
Alcoa, the Dow Chemical company,
Midland, Mich. the American Mag
nesium corporation, the Magnesium
Imperial Valley press., 1942-04-15

His most recent "rln-in" with his
former chief. President Roosevelt,
came in April, 194l, when Johnson,
former army officer who wrote
the World War / draft bill and
served as judge advocate to Gen.
John j. Pershing during that war,
applied to the President for renewal
of his commission.
President Roosevelt denied the
request on the ground that johnson
was not physically fit for active
service. The White House revealed
then that the administrations aim
was to remove from the military
roster all senior army reserve Off
GERS deemed incapable of active SER
vice.
Imperial Valley press., 1942-04-15

lOl CuIClllS JOOlo IltcuCu W iiidh'
shells for the army.
Special Assistant Attorney Gen
eral John Henry Levin testified
that because of high price main
tanned by General Electric on
tungsten carbide, cutting metal of
near diamond hardness. the Firth
Sterling Steel Co. quoted the Frank
fort arsenal $8,730 for 5000 she'll
turning tools.
Had the company been free to
determine its own price, it would
have been quoted $3,375, Levin said,
Firth Sterling is the second larg-
est American producer of tungsten
carbide. It's price was determined
under a patent licensing agreement
with Carboloy, Inc, subsidiary OF
General Electric. The price main
tanned by General Electric, in turn,
resulted from an agreement be-
tween that firm and the Krupp
company of Essen, Germany, Levin
said.
The hearing was interrupted at
one point when w. G.. Robbins.
president of Carboloy, protested
against the committee trying" an
antitrust case, now pending, in
which his company is involved.
Robbins suddenly stood up during
Lewin's testimony, identified him.
self as president of Carboloy, and
said
Il deplore. this practice of trying
this case before this committee. -
Chairman Homer T. Bone, D.,
Wash, and Committee Counsel
Continued on Page 2, Col. q
Imperial Valley press., 1942-04-15

AdCl1 Hitler was reported bOlStering
defenses against feared Allied in
vasion.
The United States has carried the
war back to the Japanese-h held
Philippine islands in one of the
most daring aerial attacks of the
war, Gen. Douglas MacArthur's
headquarters in Australia revealed
Wednesday.
Striking from Australian bases
in a 4000-mile roundtrip attack, 13
American bombers led by flying
fortresses struck at the three primo
ipal islands of the Philippines, in
cluding Nichols air field outside
Manila, and spread "dismay and
destruction" among the Nipponese
invaders.
The sensational attack-one of
the longest attempted by any air
SquadronS in this War-WaS the first
blow in support of MacArthur's
promise that the Americans would
return to the Philippines.
PLEDGE TO CORREGIDOR
The destructive attack also brought
word the the besieged garrison of
Corregidor fortress in Manila bay
that it does not stand alone and
forgotten in challenging Japan's
conquest of Bataan and the Philip
pine islands.
Only a few hours before the an
nouncement of the aerial attack, the
defenders of bomb wracked Core
gidor were told by Gen. Jonathan
M. Wainwright that "Corregidor can
and will hold out the spirit Of
Bataan will continue to live"
Three flying fortresses were among
the 13 heavy American bombers
which attacked japanese shipping,
airfields, docks and aircraft in and
around the three Philippine islands,
under personal command of Brig.
Gen. Ralph Royce.
In addition to Nichols field the
raiders attacked the important port
of Batangas on the China sea coast
island of the same name where
IL 900 Japanese troops have been
landed, and the Japanese-held port
of Davao on southern Mindanao
island.
All but one of the 13 bombers re-
turned safely to their Australian
bases.
EUROPE FLARES
Allied air and land forces, mean
while, hammered at the Axis on two
European fronts, maintaining a nom
stop aerial offensive opposite the
British Isles and cutting into Ger
man bases on the Russian front in
the important Bryansk sector.
Dispatches from both London and
Moscow emphasized belief that re-
turn of Pierre Laval to power in
Vichy France as a result of Nazl
threats was closely connected with
the expected German spring Of
fensives in Russia and the Mediter-
ranean area, which the British all
attacks in the west and Red army
blows in the east were designed
to offset.
London said that Vichy now was
like a Nazi-ruled 'five-cent Balkan
state and Moscow suggested that
Laval might use the French fleet
and the Vichy air force (recently
built up again with Berlin's con-
sent) to aid the Axis in addition
Continued on Page 2, Col. 50
Imperial Valley press., 1942-04-15
y AMBL|Ne
X EpoR7ER
Scissors Saving Slant

Scissors Saving Slant
Taking a nap In a barber chair is
little trick Jack Mattax enjoys. Such
a nap is the basic reason he has a
slightly peeled look
He dozed off in the barber chair
about three weeks ago and the bar
ber gave him one of those victory
haircuts, haircut which looks as
though it will last for the duration,
Well, we gotta save the wear and
tear on our scissors, don't we? Any
man should be glad to give his hair
for a good cause.
Imperial Valley press., 1942-04-15
SpoOk Department.

Spook Department.
Calling Deputy Sheriffs Pete
Klyne and Park Burritt," Deputy
Sheriff M. G. Pinnell broadcast over
the police radio, "the house has been
found"
No, Pinnell is not balmy
A. o. Dolson reported the loss OF
a milk house from his ranch and
Klyne and Burritt were sent to
find it.
Sure enough, the milk house had
been wheeled away. This wasn't
much of a task rs it had been built
on wheels.
The officers found the house not
far from it's original site where
Pete Bohoem frankly admitted hav-
ing moved it. Klyne and Burritt
! thought a man should be arrested
for taking a house even if it was
bnlt to run around the country.
Listen, fellows" Bohoem said
earnestly. Il moved the house from
one of Colson's ranches and put it
or another. 1t will be OK. with
Dolscn when he finds out have it"
1t was
Imperial Valley press., 1942-04-15

Still Saving
A damaged bicycle prevented Phil
Livingston from using it as trans
portation to school, His mother and
various relatives took him to school
in their cars while the bicycle was
out of commission. He liked that.
Bright and early one morning
Phil again asked for q, ride.
Isn't your bicycle repaired?" he
was asked.
well, yes" he admitted with a
sigh, but I'm just trying to save
my tires"
Imperial Valley press., 1942-04-15
Hugh S. Johnson
Dies at Capitol

WASHINGTON, April Is. (UP)-Hugh S. Johnson
coorfu leader of the NRA in early New Deal days whose
request for renewal of his commission brga
dier general denied by President Roosevelt
died early today of pneumonia