davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-07-11
Nelson Names Board
For Corporation on
Smaller War Plants
Sees PIon Effective in
Bringing Manufacturing
Group Into Effort

Donald M. Nelson, War Produc-
ton Board chairman, today an
nounced appointment of a board Of
directors for the Smaller War Plants
Corp, and commented that while
the corporation would not be "a
panacea" to solve all problems of
small business. 1t would prove ef-
fective in bringing a number Of
plants into war and other essential
production.
Congress recently passed enabling
legislation for establishment of the
corporation. Designed to help the
smaller plants get more war con-
tracts, the corporation is capitalized
at Sl50,000,000. 1t has the power to
accept large contracts from war pro-
curement agencies and split them
up, subcontracting with small firms
for production of component parts.
A criticism of the war effort has
heen that small firms that could
do the Job" were Disseminated
against in favor of large plants
in apportioning production.
Members of Board.
Personnel of the board follows:
Lou E. Holland, Kansas City, Mo,
who will serve also as deputy chair
man on the War Production Board;
James T Howington, Louisville. KY.
William S. Shipley, York, Pa; Al
belt M. Carter, Murphysboro, ILL.,,
and Samuel Abbot Smith of Boston.
Mr.. Holland, who will make sur
vey and studies of the war produc-
tion facilities of small plants, is
president of a sprinkler manufactur-
ing firm. A former president Of
Associated Advertising Clubs of the
World, he has also headed a pool
of 80 concerns organized last year
to spread war work.
Mr.. Howington has served as
manager of the WPB field Office in
Louisville, and before that was vice
president of Girdler Corp, steel
manufacturers Mr.. Shipley is chair
man of the board of the York Ice
Machinery Corp. and father of the
York Plan" a pioneer war work
pool.
Mr.. Carter is director and past
president of a Murphysboro bank
and head of a small mining COM
pany. At one time he was State
commander of American Legion. Mr.
Smith is president OF a wallpaper
manufacturing firm OF Chelsea,
Mass, and vice president of the
Smaller Businessmen's Association
OF New England.
I'VE are going to DO all that we
| can" Mr.. Nelson said. ITO bring
Evening star., 1942-07-11

into campaign expenditures for
the primary elections now under
way and the elections In No
vember. 1t is expected that
resolution calling for the ap-
pointment of special committee
of the House to make similar
investigations will be introduced
soon in the House.
The Union for Democratic
Action, with headquarters in
New York; Citizens for Victory,
and Vote for Freedom, are
among the organizations which
have stepped out with demands
that members of Congress who
did not see eye to eye with the
President on his foreign policy
before Pearl Harbor be elimi-
nateo, either in the primaries or
in the general elections. Several
such organizations have de-
veloped in Ohio and in the New
England States.
Literature Hits at Ohioan.
One of the latest to send out
literature Is the Democratic
Forum, located in the 17th Con-
gressional District of Ohio.
This organization declares itself
against the denomination and
reelection of members of the
House who did not support the
Presidents proposals for national
defense before this country be-
came involved in the war.
This district is now repre-
sented by Congressman" it
says, who before Pearl Harbor
voted against nearly all of the
major administration policies to
prepare us for war. He may or
may not return to his old ways.
But this time we can't take
chances. Representative Nc
Gregor. Republican. is the mem
Der from this district. The
Democratic Forum adds: THE
next congressional primary and
election will be perhaps the most
important in the history of the
country. We need a Congress of
which we can be confident that
it will have the courage to i'm
pose upon us the sacrifices neces-
Evening star., 1942-07-11
This Changing World
Nozis Reported Preparing Drive on Murmonsk
Despite Refusal Of Firms to Toke Part

to stop the Allies from helping
Russia.
An attack against Russian lines
through Finland seems easiest.
but the Firms. despite Hitler's
cajoling, have maintained their
position that they will not en-
gage in military operations
against the United States.
Hitler's visit to Field Marshal
Mannerheim before the main at
tack against Marshal Timoshen-
kos forces started is believed in
diplomatic quarters to have been
due to the Fuehrer's desire to get
the Firms to send their forces
toward Murmansk and work In
cooperation with the Nazi forces
in Norway in a pincers move
ment.
May Tackle Arctic Alone.
The old Finnish field marshal
has proved stubborn and is said
to have told Hitler that Finnish
forces would operate against
Leningrad or anywhere else In
that area, but that the Finnish
government, which continues to
have diplomatic relations with
the United States, is not willing
to break with America by at
tacking Murmansk.
1t is assumed in Washington
diplomatic quarters that there is
an understanding between Wash
ington and Helsinki whereby we
agreed not to break off relations
with Finland so long as the Firms
leave Murmansk alone.
The Russian government, which
at one time wanted us to de-
clare war on Finland for the
same reason that we did 50
against Hungary, Bulgaria, and
Rumania, realized after Foreign
Commissar Molotovs visit to
Washington that the USSR has
more to lose than gain II we put
Finland on the enemy list.
In most diplomatic quarters 1t
is believed that as long as we
Evening star., 1942-07-11

into war and other essential pro-
duction as many more small plants
as possible. In this field, I believe
that the corporation will be useful
and will provide an effective ap-
proach. The men appointed as di-
rectors are completely sympathetic
to the purposes of the legislation
passed by Congress. Wherever the
conversion of any plant will effec-
lively increase the supply of essen
tial goods which must be made under
our war program. we will do all that
we can to effect that conversion"
Mr.. Nelson added the number OF
small businesses which cannot be
helped unfortunately" will be larger
than the number helped
1--WE are fighting a war" Mr.. Nell
son explained, "and the WPB is a
war agency. AS far as the place
ment of war orders is concerned, the
controlling factor must be the abil-
ity of the manufacturer to deliver
what the Army and Navy want, at
the time the Army and Navy want
it, and according to the services
specifications"
The purpose of the new corpora
ton is not as relief agency, the
production head said, but rather a
mechanism for increasing the out
put CT war goods.
He said he thought the greatest
usefulness of the corporation was
along these lines:
l. To confine the manufacture of
relatively simple war items to the
smaller factories.
O. A very great extension of sub
contracting
3. BY the conversion of small
plants to essential civilian produc-
ton.
Evening star., 1942-07-11
The Political Mill
Capitol Hill Reody to Turn Searching Eye
On Groups Formed to Purge Congress Members

sary for an all-out war effort,
that 1t will not go in for ap-
peasement when the war begins
to pinch, and that it will win
the peace. We also want men
with the vision to make better
America when the war is over.
The Ham Fishes. the Martin
Sweeneys. and their little BROTH
ers. the Harry McGregors, must
60"
An Independent" Group.
The Democratic Forum also
says that while it has the ap-
proval of the Democratic COM
mitteeman in Gambler, Ohio.
and of Knox County, it was or
ganized by citizens who have
hitherto taken little or no active
part in politics, and it will re-
main independent of the party
organization The members OF
Congress want to know If such
organizations consider them
selves political organizations and
whether they are in the mean
ing of the law. If these Or
ganizations are to take part in
the campaigns and pour out
money for one candidate and
against others, that is something
that the law necessarily will take
into account.
A candidate for denomination
and reelection in one of the
Massachusetts, congressional dis
tricts. who is already the target
Of one of the purge organizations,
has heard that $4,000 Is to be
sent into his district to help beat
him. Quite naturally he would
like to know who is putting up
this money--and whether the
expenditures are to come under
the jurisdiction of the Corrupt
Practices Act.
He is one of those who sus-
poets that these Independent or
ganizations are to be made the
vehicle of large expenditures of
money in the coming election
campaign. If they are to carry
on such activities, he insists that
there shall be full publicity not
only of the amounts expended
but the sources of the funds.
This matter already has been
taken up with some of the men,
bers of the Senate Campaign In
Evening star., 1942-07-11
BY MAI. GEORGE FIELDING
ELIOT.

The present German offensive or
vthe Don River Is the first operation
of i942 in which the Germany Army
has shown anything like the striking
power which it possessed in the
earlier years of this war.
Even in these operations there is
suggestion to be drawn from the
official accounts that the Germans
are not making the same degree of
progress which might have been
expected under similar circum-
stances a year ago.
1t is certainly not without sig
nificance that in 1899 the Germans
overran all Poland in three weeks
while this year it has taken them
three weeks to reduce compare
lively small salient south of Khar-
kov; or that they overran France in
four weeks in 1910, while in 1912 1t
has taken them four weeks of the
most intensive effort to capture the
single fortress of Sevastopol.
Undoubtedly, one of the reasons
for slower German progress in 1912
Is the fact that the Russian Army
has become thoroughly seasoned
and thoroughly familiar with Ger
man tactics and technique. But
there is also some reason to believe
that last years campaign in Rus
sia has blunted the formerly keen
edge of the German sword.
This is due, in part, to the heavy
losses among officers, non-commis-
stoned officers and technicians who
cannot be replaced by others OF
equally high quality. This same
deterioration was noted in the Ger
man Army during the last war and
became especially notable after
Verdun.
1t was then that large numbers of
temporary officers promoted from
the ranks after comparatively short
periods of training began to make
their appearance in the German
Army, and exactly the same thing
Is happening today.
The Pariser Zeitung of April l
carries statement that specially
selected candidates are being ap-
pointed to officers schools, after
three months special training. di-
rectly from the ranks of the army.
This Is an expedient which the
German high command does not
like to adopt and never does adopt
except on the compulsion of neces-
sity.
But there is probably another
reason for the deterioration in the
fighting quality of the German Army
as a whole, and that is the effect of
Evening star., 1942-07-11
Nature Outings and Hike
On Program for Week End

A combined history and nature
walk. bird walk, a camera stroll
and rehabilitating smile hike are
included in the National Capital
Parks program for this week end.
The two Civil War forts, Stevens
and De Bussey, will be visited to-
morrow on tours from 3 to pm.
The party will start from Georgia
avenue and Quackenbos street NV.
A bird walk through Montrose
and Dumbarton Oaks Parks is
scheduled from 7:30 to 9 o'clock
tomorrow morning, the group as
sembling at the r street entrance
to Montrose. Field glasses will be
helpful in identifying the birds.
There will be a trip along the
Chesapeake e. Ohio Canal in a
mule drawn barge tomorrow, de-
parting from Thirty sixth and M
streets at II am. Upstream per-
sons may join the party at 3 pm.
near car stop 80 of the Cabin John
car line for the return trip.
Tickets for the barge excursion
may be obtained at l41s F street
NV.
Evening star., 1942-07-11
An Independent" Group.
koTUtkd
4 HcooDEp tERET

vestigating Committee. 1t is to
the House, however, that under
the law all committees taking
part in political campaigns in
volving members of Congress
must make periodic reports of
their receipts and disbursements.
The law is strict in that regard.
The Union for Democratic Ac-
tion already has sent out at least
one appeal for funds-asking for
contributions of $1,000, $500 or
less-to be used in its fight to
eliminate some members of Con-
gress. Inquiry at the Capitol de-
veloped the fact that this organi-
zation made no return to the
clerks Office either In March
or June, as political organizations
are compelled to do. Nor had any
report been filed in those months
by Vote for Freedom. Under the
Corrupt Practices Act there are
penalties for failing to make
these financial returns.
Evening star., 1942-07-11
Australian Statesman
Urges Action Now on
Postwar Planning
Food Relief Program
To Aid Europe Asked
By Sir Earle Poqe

Postwar food relief and recon-
struction should be planned by the
United Nations during the war so as
to prevent overproduction and in
sure international cooperation, it
was stated here yesterday by Sir
Earle Page, Australian member of
the British War Council in London,
now en- route to his native land.
Emphasizing there is no great sur
plus of food available, except wheat,
to feed famished nations if the war
ended Immediately, he said the pro-
viding of immense stores of food by
the United Nations might be as
potent a factor in political war
fare and in breaking the morale of
the enemy as actual conquest by
arms"
He told a press conference at the
Shoreham Hotel that history may
well insist that the immediate pool
ing of Anglo American resources on
the entry of Japan into the war was
the most decisive action Of the war"
Praising Americas contribution to
Australia's defense, the Australian
surgeon declared the presence of
Gen. Douglas Macarthur and Amer
ican troops in Australia have done
much to inspire confidence, for We
are greately impressed with his ca
pacities."
While fighting Hitler in European
and African zones, the Allied Ma
tions must not let Japan dig In and
exploit her conquered territory, he
asserted we must crack the Japs
as quickly as possible, % he said.
Because the world Is such "a big
place" with it's many local war
problems, he did not see the imme-
diate need of supreme command
er in chief for all the Allied Ma
tions forces II think the Allied War
Council system is working out pretty
good" he added.
Sir Earle has held ministerial
Office in Australia almost continu-
ously since 1928 He was deputy
prime minister and treasurer in the
coalition Bruce Page government
from 1923 to 1929 and became Prime
Minister in 1899. In private life he
is one of Australians leading sur
geonS. He served as a surgeon with
the AIF In the last war. Two sons
are now serving with the armed
forces.
Evening star., 1942-07-11
D. 6. Youths Attending
CoIIeqe Summer Glasses

Two young men from the Wash
tneton area are among the students
attending the first summer session
of Hamilton College, Clinton, N j
They are Theodore A. Searle, 3700
Massachusetts, avenue NV, and
Sterling Lee, 69l5 Glenbrook road
Bethesda, Md. Mr.. Searle is SEN
for and Mr.. Lee is freshman.
Hamilton established its summer
session as a war measure to speed
students through their academic
work so they may enter the armed
forces or In some cases medical
school.
Evening star., 1942-07-11
Dr.. Kinder to Conduct
Concert at HYDE Park

DR.. Hans Kinder, conductor of
the National Symphony Orchestra,
has accepted an invitation to con-
duct a USO benefit concert on the
lawn OF President Roosevelt's Hyde
Park residence Sunday, July 10,
when he will lead the Dutchess
County Philharmonic Orchestra in
a special program.
This will be DR.. Kindler's final
out-of town assignment as guest di-
rector and conductor. He will re-
turn to Washington to conduct the
National Symphony in its final con-
Evening star., 1942-07-11
Dr.. Bushore Installed
By Bethesda Lions

DR.. w. c. Bashore has been in
stalled as president of the Bethesda
Chevy Chase Lions Club. Other off,
GERS include Frank Gardiner, first
vice president; George Furzer, sec
ond vice president; Burr Edwards,
third vice president; John Reeves,
secretary; T. Gerard Lee, treasurer;
George Brock, lion tanner; Paul I'M
irie, tail twister.
Mr.. Gardiner, Jerry Lee and Rich
ard Fisher were named as delegates
to represent the club at the inter-
national convention in Toronto
july 2l-24
Evening star., 1942-07-11
BY CONSTANTINE BROWN.

Nazi forces stationed in Nor
way are reported to be preparing
an offensive, with the port of
Murmansk as their principal OBJ
jective.
In recent weeks there has been
greatly intensified air and ground
activity on that front. Little
has appeared about 1t In the
press because OF the larger and
more spectacular battles being
fought in Southern Russia and
Egypt. But military observers
consider the possible action OF
the army in Norway, repeatedly
commanded by Field Marshal
Walter Won Brauchitsch, as ex-
tremely important.
While the Russians also have
Archangel as another port
through which to receive war
Evening star., 1942-07-11

r l ] o / . OF I II e
United Nations
on a more eff
cient basis. And
much of it con-
Germs an age-old
d S p u t e as to
whether the ci-
william or the mil
itary poin t of
view shall domi-
nate the domes-
tic side of our
war effort the
alloca ton of war
materials an
Evening star., 1942-07-11

morning z l o! y
on them, tells
me that once
the elections are
over this co,in-
try's war effort
will e a lily go
into high gear
and be a hum
dinger.
1t Is his firm
belief that once
the voters have
had their say.
and the proper
Evening star., 1942-07-11
Rabbits Move to Beaches

BRIGHTON, England P)-The
beaches of many of England's re-
sorts, now restricted military areas,
have become the frolicking ground
for thousands of rabbits.
Evening star., 1942-07-11
McLenore-
Vote-Controlling
BIocs in Saddle
Nv HENRY McLEMORE.

One of my most trusted Capital
authorities, a man who keeps his
ears to the ground so continuously
that they have fine strand OF
Evening star., 1942-07-11

cert Of the summer series at the
Water Gate, July "a. This concert
will feature an ll-Tchaikovsky pro-
gram.
Evening star., 1942-07-11

THE opinions OF the riters this their not
necessarily The Stars Such opinions presented In The
Stars effort to gUe all sides OF questions OF interest to its
readers although such opinions be contradictory among
themselves and directly opposed to The Stars.
Evening star., 1942-07-11
Three Voices
Proposed in
War Output
Civilian, Military and
Industrial Advisers
For Nelson Urqed
By DAVID LAWRENCE.

Much goes on behind the scenes
that the press cannot print, but
most of it at the moment concerns
plans for organizing the military
Evening star., 1942-07-11

maintain this attitude toward
Helsinki there is little possibility
that the Firms will march
against Murmansk.
Even Hitler has had to bow,
apparently, to the stubborness OF
the Finnish commander-in chief.
According to reports received by
way of Sweden there Is now q
suspicious movement OF troops
from Narvik, which leads some
observers to believe the Nazis in
tend to tackle the Arctic front
alone.
Evening star., 1942-07-11

A diller dollar: the Nazis will
holler--if the dollar goes for War
stAmpA
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-03-08

York Washington some other goal"
Such defense, Leigh believes is peculiarly adapted
to the United States because of this conrys vast supply
electric power and the fact that of it's large cities
is far removed from wide open spaces.
Any camouflagc is possible according to Leigh with
the of lights The of the United States
all matter Of props stage when seen by the light
expert The right lighting viii conceal emphasize It's
outlines.
Under Lcigh's plan any spot may become a confusing
of illumination be given entirely different
character right illumination for instance Conev
appear isolated stretch of beach while the
Mississippi might become just cotton patch to the human
eye
The lights of these suggested false cities would only
threatened raids At the first report
enemy bomber approaching master Lighting tech
throw switch and the imitation Broadway,
Capitol dome Boulder Dam would blaze into being,
while the real would fade into the landscape.
Leigh's plan may be completely fantastic and too
travagant to any actual military worth The cost
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-03-08

obtaining the deception fool the enemy might out
balance whatever might be saved through misdirected
bombs
Although Leghs plan may not seem very practical at
present he is not the only who is tnkerng with
the idea of substituting brightouts for blackouts
Many electrical engineers have voiced the theory that
of lights stretched any be it few blocks
hundreds of miles would make it impossible for enemy
bobers TO spot any objective below this glarng canopy
These lights beamed upward, would be installed
the sides of high buildings roofs bridges in fields along
river banks wherever the canopy effect desired
They would vary in brlliance according to the kind
of refecors used and would be placed that graduated
effect would create the illusion of third dimension
Not only would the glare of these thousands of lights
prevent the pilots from locating vulnerable targets but the
glow would also silhouette bombers against the dark sky
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-03-08

With such powerful lights Leigh says, experts can
only blind bewilder pilots but the bright
beams the illusion OF other objects being there
The trouble with ordinary blackous is that enemy
pilots have trouble finding their detectives for they
merely have TO follow the moonlight reflected from rivers
lakes and rooftops drop parachute flares TO sec by
lcgh contends that protecting canopy Of lights plus
tricky camouaCe could change this whole situation and
give cities a muchucedcd defense against night bombing
Meaugyilc, other scientists experimenting with
BLACK light technique for in blackouts and one OF
the principal places research this field is the West
nslouse Lamp Laboratory IN Bloomfield New Jersey.
Black light has been to science since 1898 but
1t had undergone intensive research until backouts
become reality This kind Of light is like that Of
a glow worm and is so valuable because II throws
give-away beams Any object that treated with black
light takes a Watermelon pink color in the darkness,
When the regular city lights snapped off in a
blacout black light takes il points the
shelters locates air raid warden stations,
illuminate rs any. desired
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-03-08

nRIGHTOUTS instead of blackouts that Is the revou-
tonary proposal Lighting Expert Douglas Leigh To
- American cities from night air attacks
Instead OF just backing out city, Leigh suggests that
build what looks like the metropolis to be lit up like
Christmas with false pattern of lights that will be-
fudde raiders
Under Leighs plan copy Of any metropolis would
be created through trick lighting while the actual city
would be BACKED give the appearance from
the air, of a stretch of rural
Enemy airmen winging their way overhead according
TO Leigh would drop bombs these false detectives
and the city proper untouched in their attack
If Leigh's idea followed out in New York City
instance a brightly lighted copy of Broadway would
somewhere in the New Jersey meadows 10 or
is miles from the Great White Way.
The real Times Square would be toned down by dim
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-03-08

At this point Mrs Hassncr in
dignantly started off for the nearest
post Of the Royal Canadian Mounted
Police
Twelve OF my turkeys have been
stolen" she told the Mountie breath
lcssly. and my ncighbor has taken
them"
How do you know it," asked the
officer.
Because" said Mrs Hassner, "she
has a dozen more than she had the
other day"
THAT isn't conclusive proof" said
the Mountic. can you identify them -
Mrs Hassner shook her head rue
fully She never had banded or tattooed
her birds because she knew each one
personally
only my turkeys listen to my
voice she answered They under
stand me and | understand them"
and the Mountic returned TO the Bur-
FRS. Hassncr uttered long piercing
her words - plump birds promptly
noisy flock
led at Mrs Burlak. 81 think We had
istratc.' ne said. The Judge talked tur-
I. "T,u dollars and costs he SAID