davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-05-13
Service Notes
Service Notes
'Detroiters Meet
AT Kelly Field

Two Detroit boys who didn't
know one another while living in
Detroit's west side district have
become steadfaSt pals at Kelly
Field. Tex. They are Cadet James
r. jenkins, 1863 Penrod, and
Cadet Michael T. Zelik, 5037 Gen.
trail. They enlisted at the same
time in April, 1871. and were
transferred together TO the air
corps last March.
Pvt. Edward Romanski, 4105
Trenton, Detroit. has been made
a corporal. He received his early
training in the army at Fort
Custer and now is in Iceland.
Signing a letter "the boys in
.68." seven boys from this area are
taking that means of conveying
the information to their friends
through the columns of The De-
troit Times they are now united
at the Savannah army air base in
Co. B signal corps. They are /:
Corp. Harold A. Golden, 2233 West
Euclid; Sgt. Walter l.. Silver. 1880
Glynn court; Mess Sgt. William
S. Tucker, 4244 Cooper, Royal
Oak: Pvt. Leon Weinberger, 6399
London; Corp. Mike Kozikow. 1925
Barrie, Dearborn: Sgt. Richard
Pothost. 2610 Whitney. and Pvt.
Germano Schneider, 27104 Britton
Woods, Royal Oak.
Pvt. Miles M. Swift, 1914 L.
sure. has returned to Duncan
Field, Tex. after spending "a fur
Tough with his mother, Mrs. NJ. J.
Swift. He will be classified an
aviation cadet upon his return to
camp.
Mr.. and Mrs. Alex J. Pesko.
$685. Plumer. are proud of their
family service flag. with three
stars representing as many sons
in the army and navy. two of them
on foreign soil at their last writ
ing. Pvt. Louis Pesko. now in
Alaska with an engineering unit,
and Pvt. Frank Pesko. in an in
fantry unit in Hawaii. are the
boys in the army. Seaman John
Pesko represents the family in the
navy. He is at the Great Lakes
Naval Training Station.
Andrew w. Fame, 7728 Girardin,
has been promoted to a first class
private. He is stationed at the
marine barracks, Lakehurst. N. j.,
in the air station and enlisted in
June of 1871.
Sgt. George M. Hull, 2742 Tay-
Tor. arrived home yesterday for a
furlough from Camp Lee. Va,
where he is assigned TO quarter
masters corps duty.
James II. Supple of Walled Lake.
formerly OF Detroit. is spending a
furlough visiting his family and
friends prior to being transferred
from the Great Lakes Naval
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-05-13

They are the equivalent OF
what is America?
"A certain English sea-captain
brought home the breadfruit
rather than the bacon and thus
became known as 'Breadfruit"
. Fill the blank.
"A stork's wings make how
many strokes in every second
of flying time?
5-Montana's state flower enjoys
the distinction of having a
river and mountain range
within the state with the same
name. What is it?
Grant in his memoirs
said, when fell.
the fate of the Confederacy
was sealed" Fill the blank.
ANSWERS on Page 29)
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-05-13
Brandt, Garden City. and Edward
o. Monaghan, Brown City.

- ~'ACAAooaeAAf ASAO"h
Reporting for service and cav
airy instruction to Fort Riley
Kan, are three Detroit lads, Pvt.
Frank Mavretich, 1880 Moenart;
James r. Kerns, 5082 Park ave-
nue., and James M. Irvine, 1880
Cope.
Lieut.. Donald d. Smith, Eaton
Lieut.. Prosper d. White,
sc Tuxedo, Highland Park; Lieut..
Martin N. Jacobs, 2911 Hardwood,
Detroit: Second Lieut.. Roman T.
Piernick, 4912 Larkin. Detroit. and
Second Lieut.. Alfred ]. Winter
Jr, 1869 Beaconsfield. Crosse
Pointe Park. are assigned to the
medical replacement training CEN
ter at Camp Grant, Ill.
Lieut.. Ferris A. King of Pleas
ant Ridge is receiving specialized
administrative work in the air
corps at Miami Beach. Fla, Of
ficers' school. He formerly was a
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-05-13
CLIP THIS STAMP
Is3RD FIELD ARTILLERY

133RD FIELD ARTILLERY
The caisson Ii the artillery
soldiers first and last con-
Germ. IL carries the ammuni-
tion without which his guns
are just so many pieces OF
useless machinery. w hen
enemy tanks come rumbling
into an unprotected flank
the caissons must be safe
guarded, and to furnish this
protection an anti-tank pla-
toon mas been added to the
rife corps.
The 133rd Field Artillery,
when stationed at Camp
Bowie, Tex, was the first
army unit of Its kind To
employ anti-tank ordnance,
and personnel To man II. "As
Long As We Breathe We
Will Protect" IL their battle
motto translated from the
Latin, "Dum Spiramus Tue
bimus." Walt Disney artists
selected for this Texas out
At the character OF m Eng
Iish bulldog dressed In cowboy
toys. With the characteristic
tenacity Of his breed. he will
stand his ground To the death.
Combat Insignia stamp Design, Copy-
right, ists. Hearst Publications. Inc.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-05-13

you do NOT have to buy the
album TO obtain the so full color
stamps. as the stamps are FREE.
You ca n start your collection
of this new series of patriotic
poster stamps today. An IMPORT
ANT thing TO bear in mind. Ex-
changable black and white copies
you submit do NOT have to be
consecutive.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-05-13

gummed. perforated, and serialiy
numbered.
When you obtain 10 of these
black and white copies (ANY 10
will do, as the copies DO NOT
have TO be consecutively num-
bered) you can send to Detroit
Times War Insignia Stamps, p. o.
Box 1918, Detroit. Mich, and OBJ
tain the first 10 full color stamps
in the series Of five sets of 10 full
color insignia in this thrilling
NEW series of full color United
States War Insignia Stamps.
Follow the same process IN OBJ
tanning the other sets of 10. II is
highly IMPORTANT that you en-
close a self addressed stamped en-
velope and that you write legibly
information required on the
coupon which appears each day
with the black and white war in
sigma stamp copy.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-05-13

By Hof.sa
By Billy De Beck
By Carl Anderson
By Paul Fogartysssps
80 " eaS
M aAFa
aAfa


hay while the sun--";
(b) Welcome as flowers IN
-: (c) Never the
twain shall -" y.
2-What do you call: Cal flesh
eating animals? OBJ air that
does work when IL expandsr
(c) wall space over an arched
door?
3-Whose composer do we think
Of as we sing: Cal Beautiful
Dreamer (bl Dixie" 2. to3
America" ~
i-What is the nationality, fa)
Kristen Flagstad; OBJ Archi-
medes; (c) Charles Dickens
5-Give a name to (a) the land
above the South Pole: OBJ The
great waterway Of Alaska:'fc)
the river Of the Lorelei ROCK.
5Zwhat Bible character Cal was
close friend Of David7 (b)
Ordered a baby 10 be cut Ia
two7 (c) Helped Tobias I? -
ANSWERS on Page 70, 'sss.l
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-05-13
Training Station to the Chicago
Navy Pier for training as an
aviation machinist's mate.
T u F F Y
H E N R Y

A list Of newly made aviation
cadets at Santa Ana, CAL, includes
the names of nine Detroit bows
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-05-13

and two from
other Michigan
cities. The local
c a d e is are /:
James r. Met
c alf, 1913 3
Mansfield; The
odore L. Mayer,
9121 Kre ge;
II w ard +.
Marion, 1902
Troester; Dragi
c. Lain. 1851
Marlowe: Mar
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-05-13

supervisor for a mortgage com.
pany.
Recent arrivals reported from
Fort Knox, KY, are Ernest r
Pawlowski, 3130 Wagner; Alfred
BuranskaS, 12755 Omaha, and
Bernard +. Paprock, 22S5 East
Warren, Detroit; Edward II
Welka, 2736 Bland. Hamtramck
and Harry +. Edmond, 449 Moran
road, Crosse Pointe Farms.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-05-13
Knowle dee Test

~ INV Soh-NA III. etONNOLLh
Copyright. isi2. by King Features
Add the last word: (a) Make
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-05-13
ALL FOR ONLY 15c

For ONLY Is cents you can OBJ
tain an attractive 20-page War
Insignia Stamp album. The album
provides a place to put each stamp.
plus data about each insignia. The
album will prove a mighty useful
booklet in which TO keep your so
FULL COLOR UNITED STATES
WAR INSIGNIA STAMPS, but
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-05-13
D ally Quiz
By THE ACE ANsWERMAN

Distributed by King Features synd.. Inc
Not every red-blooded Ameri-
can knows how much blood the
average adult male body con-
tains. Do you?
True or false-no one every
ran out of matches while light
ing locofoco cigar?
'-EngliShmen aren't likely to
protest a mans hoardings.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-05-13

tin E. Kinna. 14726 Petoskey: Saul
j. Kempner, 1880 West Philadel-
phia; John p. Swick. 1852 Indi-
ana; Robert w. Shingler, ga
Kitchener. and Robert b. Scheer,
.22302 West Seven-Mile. The
Iothers: Thomas J. Wymond, 5S15
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-05-13
WHAT TO DO

This is the way TO get these new
poster stamps:
Every day. in the daily and Sun
day Detroit Times, you will find a
black and white stamp copy of a
full color War Insignia Stamp.
Such copies are exchangeable for
the full color stamps, which are
beautifully printed on fine paper.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-05-13

Each stamp is gunmed. perfor-
ated. printed on fine grade paper.
A serial number has been assigned
to each issue in accordance with
copyright class AA249020. pertain
ing TO the valuation of poster
stamps; therefore the postamps
represented by this series have a
collector value with relation 10
their copyrighted serial number
and are limited in publication to
$50, 900 copies of each issue.
Evening star., 1942-05-26

that needs reprocessing, it's the
golfer" Deak Morse, st. Johns
bury, VT, Caledonian Record.
"Al Lingua is faster than a
rumor in an old lady's home"
(James r. Finnegan, Louisville
Times).
Fuller explanations - Contro-
verting our correspondent who
figures the Sally League may
fold up, Jimmy Chapman of the
Macon (Ga) Telegraph wires:
Everything is fine down here,
gasoline rationing, tire rationing
and ban on lights to the contrary
Notwithstanding" Macon, the
league leader, he adds, is having
a fine year despite the fact that
bus lines are not permitted to
operate to the park, and the cellar
club drew $500 Sunday.
And Clark Shaughnessy, admit
ting that the size of the Rose
Bowl bonuses Stanford gave him
and his assistants left him "a
little puzzled" wants one and all
to understand that he didn't
move to Maryland because he was
disgruntled. He even turned
down a salary raise because he
Evening star., 1942-05-26
Johnson's S Pinch Hif
Puts Typos on Top
In Departmental

Union Printers are in undisputed
possession of first place in the De-
partmental League, thanks to Ma
rine Corps Headquarters nine.
The Marines knocked of Ninth
and New York Lunch-previously in
in a tie at the top with the Typos
As, on the Ellipse yesterday. Pinch
hitter Boots Johnson's hit in the
last inning drove in the winning
run when two were out.
In other sandlot games yesterday
r. B. I. blasted Signal Corps, 1872,
In the United States Government
League, and Heurich Brewers bested
Little Tavern, 20, in a wild Indus
trial League clash. This game al
most didn't finish, as several fights
needed to be stopped and several
players were thumbed from the
contest, so heated was the rivalry.
Big Ed Colliflower Of the Brewers
kept things under control with a
four-hit pitching performance.
Evening star., 1942-05-26

didn't think Stanford could az
ford it at the time.
Today's guest star-Bob Sted-
ler, Buffalo Evening News: If
the Cards miss the hitting Of
Johnny Mize-so do the Giants"
Service Dept. Capt. Linnon
Blackmon of Abilene, Tex. who
used to play football for Texas
Christian, has been sent home
from Australia for disqualification
because Of the recurrence Of q
back injury suffered in forced
landing several months ago.
Friends report Lin was so de-
termined not to miss the show
in the Pacific that he was taken
from New York to San Francisco
on a stretcher to make the boat.
Joe Gallagher, the ex-Yankee,
Dodger and Browns outf1elder,
says he isn't playing on either
of the ball teams at Jefferson
Barracks, Mo-, because he needs
his time to prepare for active
duty.
One-minute sports page A
couple of days ago, Eddie Mead,
who ded yesterday, received q
letter from Henry Armstrong
asking what Eddie could do about
getting him started On . come.
Evening star., 1942-05-26
Speedier Games Urged to Solve Majors Time Troubles
TWILIGHT P ALTHOUGH eogue Doing oy Despite Honeops

back. Eddie firmly sent back
word: Nothing. When asked for
his autograph. Gil Dodds writes
his name and the key to some
passage in the Bible that has a
reference to athletics. He has
found about go of these passages.
After George Heddy, jr., of Mont
clair IN. j. high jumped 6 feet
to equal the record in his schools
invitation meet, he took OF one
shoe and went 2 inches higher.
Seems that all the boys have to
do Is uncover the inches in their
feet. When a long-haired gent
cornered Don Hutson, the Green
Bay Packers pass snatcher, in a
cafe and insisted on telling his
fortune from tea leaves, he came
up with the prediction that Don
would have his greatest year in
1945. do you mean I'll make the
team?" asked HutSon.
Evening star., 1942-05-26
Abrams Earns Second
Go al zaIe's Title by
Beating Mamakos
Much Improved Middle
Triumphs DeeisiveIy
In Rubber Bottle

A new George Abrams. who bat
teered and cuffed an old Steve
Mamakos into submission in their
10-round co-feature last night at
Griffith Stadium, today stood ready
for a return bout with Tony Zale
of Chicago for the world middle
weight championship.
Their argument featured preim-
mary brawling to the Lee Savold-
Lou Nova heavyweight go. during
which program Jimmy De Chard
outpointed Heavyweight Frank Po-
reda in an 8-rounder and Oscar
Wright. colored welter. drew with
Ruby Garcia. The frankie Wills
Sammy Magro 4-rounder was can
celed when the latter failed to put
in an appearance.
Abrams, boxing in masterful style,
won Of the 10 rounds, twice shak-
ing up the Golden Greek with bone
rafting rights to the jaw. He land
ed his first good punch in the initial
round, a looping right uppercut
flush to the chin, but it didn't pack
enough smoke to put Steve down.
Throughout their rubber" bout
George splattered his boyhood club
mate with a fancy assortment Of
blows, hitting him at will, but while
Abrams is a fine boxer and has ac-
quired mush luster since shaking
Washington's dust from his feet,
he still hasn't found a punch.
Mamakos was willing, boring in
or trying to bore tn-from start to
finish, but Abrams usually kept him
at arms length, stabbing him with
hot, humiliating lefts, crossing with
the right and tying up his foe when
Steve did work in to close quarters.
The verdict virtually assured
Abrams of q match with Zale, who
whipped him in their first meeting
and almost ended his career with q
serious eye injury.
Last nights victory over Mama
kos gave Abrams a 81 edge over
Steve in their series and probably
definitely ended the latter's cham
pionship aspirations.
Both De Chard and Wright caught
hot potatoes in their respective op-
ponents, but while Wright had to be
content with a stalemate De Chard
found the key to success in a body
attack against Poreda and success
fully pursued this line Of offense in
the closing rounds. The crowd
didn't like the fight and continually
called for action, but the boys
fought . hard, close tight, mostly
at close range. L =. A.
Evening star., 1942-05-26
Hudson, Mats Only Consistent
HurIer, Takes Third in Row
These Wins All but One Scored in II Tits;
FuIters in Eighth but Beots As, to3
Staff and A. P. Photos.

obtained seven hits in his last 13
trips to the plate and when George
Case returns to duty In left field 1t
probably will be Chartak who will
be assigned the cleanup spot In
Washington's batting order, with
Bruce Campbell slated to be benched.
Distressing Bucky, however, Is the
lengthening slump Of Stan Spence,
who has been sparkling the Mats
attack all season. Spence has
smashed only two safeties in his last
18 efforts.
8 Runs With One Single.
The Mats weren't mastering many
hits of Phil Marchildon last night,
but they were inserting them at
timely intervals. In the sixth inning
Washington grasped q 20 lead on
singles by Chartak, Campbell and
Jake Early and in the eighth Wash
ington boosted its advantage to SO.
Washington poured three runs
over the plate by authoring no more
than a single in that hectic eighth
inning. With one out. Mickey Ver-
non walked and was forced by Early.
Jake continued to second on wild
pitch before Bob Repass walked,
and when Jack Wallaesa threw wild
past second after fielding Jimmy
Pofahl's grounder, Early scored and
Repass took third.
Pofahl promptly stole second and
on an attempted double steal Catch
er Hal Wagner committed passed
ball, Repass scoring and Pofahl
taking third. Hudson walked and
Estalella singled to right, scoring
Pofahl before Spence famed.
That situation existed only mo-
mentarily, for Mike Kreevich, Pete
Suder, Buddy Blair, Elmer Valo and
Dick Siebert all smashed singles to
produce three Philadelphia runs In
the eighth.
Washington was to pursue its
third straight victory here today, re-
turning to Griffith Stadium tomor-
row night for a game with the Red
Sox. It will be the Mats first home
night tiff and will be followed by
another on Thursday night, again
with Boston.
Evening star., 1942-05-26
Minor Results

BY the Associated Press.
INTERNATIONAL LEAGUE.
Toronto. ga: Rochester, 2-3.
Montreal, SO: Buffalo, -.
Newark. IL; Baltimore, Z.
Jersey City, 5;Syracuse, 10 innings.
PIEDMONT LEAGUE.
Portsmouth. 3; Greensboro, 2.
Winston-Salem, 4: Norfolk, O.
Charlotte, 4; Durham, ..
Richmond, 8; Asheville, 3.
AMERICAN ASSOCIATION.
Toledo, g.; st. Paul, g.
Columbus, 8; Minneapolis, 9.
Milwaukee, 4: Louisville, /.
Kansas City, 12; Indianapolis. o.
PACIFIC COAST LEAGUE.
League All-Stars, 5: Seattle, 2.
North All-Stars, 8; South All-Stars, !.
SOUTHERN ASSOCIATION.
Birmingham, 8; Atlanta, 4.
New Orleans, g. Chattanooga, !.
(Only games scheduled).
Evening star., 1942-05-26
BY BURTON HAWKINS,
Star Staff Correspondent.

PHILADELPHIA, May 90
Washington's classiest pitcher at the
moment is slender. towering SID
Hudson, and the youthful right
handler is displaying no signs Of re-
linquishing the role. Sid has sur
vived early shellackings to bounce
back effectively, perhaps presaging
his most successful season.
Hudson is rescuing the Mats from
complete disgrace, for Washington
has won only four Of its last 13
games and on three of those occa-
sions Sid has been the winning
pitcher, remaining the route four
straight times.
Sid is the stake horse among
many selling palters. for he cur
rently is the only consistent pitcher
on Manager Bucky Harris staff. His
last loss was to the Yankees, 4-3
when Bobby Estalella messed up a
7-hit pitching job by pouncing on a
bunt headed for foul territory as
the winning run crossed the plate.
Sid has discovered the remedy for
that. On a bunt here last night.
Sid scooted over to the third-base
line and neatly blocked Estalella out
of the play, permitting the ball to
roll foul. He is doing considerable
fielding himself. as his six assists
would testify in beating the AS,
So, here last night. Since that de-
feat by the Yankees, Sid has
checked Cleveland, IL, on nine hits;
beaten the Browns, So. on six hits,
and he stymied the AS on nine hits
before 11,507 fans. Jntering the
eighth inning. Sid owned shit
job but faltered to yield three runs.
Pulls Out Of Pressure.
A notoriously poor spring pitcher
in two previous seasons with the
Mats despite winning II games as a
rookie and 13 last year, Sid
launched 1912 in no fascinating
fashion. He dropped his first two
starts before winning a 10-7 affair
from the Athletics, then was belted
from the mound in his next two
starts.
In his last four games, though,
Hudson has been finishing what he
started and Harris has developed
a keen respect for his ability to per-
form under pressure. Despite a s.
hit eighth inning that threatened
to wipe the Mats SO lead, Harris
permitted Sid to remain on the
mound and Hudson justified his
judgment by weathering the bar
rage neatly.
Refreshing to Harris, too. is the
batting squirt Of Outfelder Mike
Chartak. The sturdy Russian has
Evening star., 1942-05-26
Girl Fans Surposs
KnothoIe Cana
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
CHATTANOOGA, Tenn, May
26.-Chattanooga boys have long
had their "knothole gang" at
Chattanooga's baseball park, but
nothing had been done for their
younger sisters until
Little Gloria Ruth Williams
marched into the Office of Club
President Joe Engel and de-
manded 'fhow come"
Hereafter, girls between the
ages of 9 and II will be admitted
free on ladies' night without pay
ment even Of the usual service
charge.
Evening star., 1942-05-26
Navy Fund Gets Little
Help as Fights Net
Only S22,O67.98
Nova Draws Down S3,861.
SovoId ST. 200 as Only
$500 Attend Bouts

Promoter Mike Jacobs probably
will need q benefit show himself
after last nights dismal turnout for
the Navy Feief Fund benefit at
Griffith Stadium, which fell far
short of expectation.
I'll lose around $1,000 when I
get everything figured" Mike ad-
mitted with a couple OF mournful
clacks of his ivory masticat1ng
machinery. II didn't expect to do
that when I made this show, 1 can
tell you"
In round figures, the cash Gus
toners totaled $500 and the net gate
receipts added up to $22, ,067 .98-far
short Of the anticipated gross of
$45, 900. Whether two postpone
ments or the circus arrival in town
was more responsible than the fans
antipathy toward the show ac-
counted for the figures, Jacobs was
not prepared to say, although he
had plenty of other things to say
on the subject.
Nova, signed for 271a per cent, but
voluntarily kicking back 10 per cent
to the Navy Relief Fund, will re-
ceive approximately S3,861. His full
share amounted to more than $4,000
in round figures. Savold, contrib
uting tx per cent of an original
guarantee of 1712 per cent to the
fund, will get slightly more than
$4,000 instead of more than $500.
Savold's gain in future earning abil-
ity, however, far outweighs whatever
remuneration he received for the
fight and Lee would have been quite
willing to settle for even less.
The exact amount to be turned
over to Navy Relief will not be
known for a couple of days until all
expenses have been paid and the
books balanced. l.. F. A.
Evening star., 1942-05-26
By HUGH FULLERTON, Jr,
Wide World Sports Writer.

NEW YORK. May 26.-Major
league clubs have been asked to
change their starting times so
the customers won't be leaving
the park during the S o'clock
rush; the Sally League president
has suggested that seven-inning
twilight games be made official
so they can finish before lights
are needed. This brings up one
Of our favorite questions: Why
not play the games faster. The
little red book shows the Giants
and Philnes played nine innings
in 81 minutes back in 1919 and
by eliminating all the waste mo-
tions most games could be fin
ished in less than an hour and a
half instead Of the two hours
they generally require. That
would send everybody home
ahead of the mob.
Shear nonsense-Recent con-
tributions toward more colorful
sports writing: Elmer Riddle is
Is plain as an old shoe and as
frank as an income tax COL
1ector" (zipp Newman, Birming-
ham News. ut isn't the ball
Evening star., 1942-05-26
Boxing Point Scoring
system Is Discarded
By Maryland Board
BY the Associated Press.

BALTIMORE, May 26.-The old
system of scoring fights, with judges
and referees crediting boxers on
aggressiveness, boxing skill, knock
downs, condition at the end of the
bouts, and so forth, will be revived
next week by the Maryland State
Boxing Commission.
Joseph Kelly, commission secre-
tary, announced last night with the
present scoring system, allowing 10
points for each round with the edge
to the most impressive scrapper,
would be discarded starting June 1.
Ofhcials will be summoned before
the commission later this week to be
given final instructions on the
system.