davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
La gaceta., 1942-09-14

OulG,lca, e. W, Lar IS VI
etins. vicepresidente de IA T
Dl P0nt y Co, de NomOurs
lanife to que '12s cosas incon
ebibles Ir haze dos amos sor
'oy rsalida8es." la gusrra hi
-or.rimi3o en- I'm espa2io de
0esss progrcsc' que en- Otras cir
nstene.2S nos hrbiese tcmado
" af,5 realizar." EstsS presto
g no tier-n precsdentas. Los
| rcoTssoS. los &c envc'Wimian-
'os ientificos no tienen prece-
cntes.
Demos una paZ con Ia victo-
ria, garanticennos la libertad de
iiciativa y empresa, y Ia obra
realizada maravil, ara a todos.
Cuando la guerra Sc game. ten
3remos a nuestra disposition de
10 a 100 veces mas de 10 que an
t2s teniamos EN- nuevos materia
les. Estos nuevos materialeS no
son predicciones, sino q. va es-
tan en- canine.
Los mas nuevos smodelos de
~nuestros automobiles, ahora
"congelados' en- los almacenes
de los detallistas, han envejeci-
do 20 amos desde su creaci6n, Y
progresses que no Sc hubiesen in
corporate hasta 1860 han sido
agregados al autom6vil de hoy,
para cuando la production sc
reanude.
La production de aluminio Sc
ra siete veces mayor de 10 que
era en- 1889, para fines del aho
pr6ximO.
Habra suficiente metal para
construir tres veces ell nGmero
de coches de p~asajeros que aho-
ra operan en- todos los ferroca-
RIFLES de America.
Tanto progreso Sc ha hecho
bajo la preston de la guerra EN-
pro de mejores combustibles pa
ra la aviaci6n, que los quimicos
del petr6leo colocan fuera de e.
poca a los motores del presen-
te, porque ahora Sc pueden ha-
Ger combustibles que van mas
ALA de la escala del "octane'.
Como que la production de au
tom6viles sc ha paralizado, los
nuevos modelos disturbances
que Sc llenan de polvo en- los al
macenes, tecnicamente han en-
vejecido dos decadas. Estamos
ahora en- el 1860 de los coches
de motor, medidas las cosas por
la antigua Marcia del desarro-
llo de la industrial.
Habra en- los nuevos coches
IN sistema de enfriamiento que
ahora Sc usa en- aviaci6n; los pc
sos seran disminuidos en- una mi
tad; la potencia sera aumenta-
da y los cOmbustlbles rendiran
so millas por gallon.
Los nuevos y mas versailles
matariales Hasticos quedaran
disponibles, despues de esta que
ira, en- una escala mas aha de to.
da conception preyia. La sinte.
sis de alta preston del amonia-
co, una de Jas mayores proezas
quimicas del siglo, tendra que
ser tOmada en- un estado indus
trial que, en- terminus de la nue.
va capacidad, quiza pueda ser
comparable con el descubrimien
TO de un sexto continente.
La cantidad de abOno quimi-
co que esta nueva capacidad po-
dra crear, hara zanzibar los rum
bos de la agriculture. Y estos
|forman solanente un grupO de
IN centenar o mas p~roductos
extraidos de esta sfntesis de al
Ia preston que utiliza aire, car
bon y aqua como sus piedras de
construction. Tendremos CRYSTAL
isrompible y CRYSTAL que foltara,
MADEIRA que no Sc quemara y la
minaciones de plastica y made
IA que competiran con las es-
tructuras metalieas.
La gaceta., 1942-09-14

Estas muy interesantes pala
bras dijo hace pocos dias ell DR..
Harry N. Holmes, presidente de
la Sociedad Americana de Quf-
mica y director del Department
to de Quimica del Colegio Ober-
lin: la potencia cerebral CANA
ra la guerra 81 Sc lie da una opor
tunidad de funcionar. Las ar
mas de la Guerra Global II y los
l%procesos de la esencial industrial
de guerra sc han hecho tan cien-
tfficos, que cast parece injusto
pedir a los hombres entrenados
en- West Point, Annapolis y o.
tras instituciones militares ha-
gan decisiones whales en- cuanto
a problemas de Investigation
cientifica."
Pero tOdavfa csc es ell siste-
ma. Los militares deciden, aeon
sejados, sin duda. que probe
mas de la guerra merecen ser in
vestigados por nuestros cuerpos
cientfficos oficiales. Sc aprecia
en- este la estrechez del "gollete
de una botella," porque no hay
lugar en- el Curriculum de
nuestros grandes Institutes mill
tares rara investigar y analizar
los prc5.emas surgidos y q. sur
giran. Quiza la appreciation es.
crutinizante pudiera ser enseha
da en- los cursos rutinarios de fl
sica y quimica."
"Recomiendo Sc forme I'm Con
clio Consultivo de paz Y guerra
compuesto por 100 c~ientfficos .
economistas, soci6logos, manu-.
factureros, lideres obreros y mi
litares, no escogidos por fila
ci6n polftica sino por sus igua-
les en- sus propias profesiones o
actividades."
"ilRealmente aprecia Am9ri-
ca la potencia del cerebro o Sc
cretamente desconfia de la inte-
ligencia entrenada? Tenemos los
cerebros en- este pals para resol
yer la mayor parte de las diff
cultades presentes y futuras 81
Sc les da una oportunidad de
funcionar efectivamente."
La principal esperanto de
supervivencia de los Estados u
nidos descansa e.. los recursos
de los cientificos. iExplot6 por
complete la complaciente idea
aislacionista de que este pals po-
see tOdos los n~ecesarios recur-
os naturalist
Evening star., 1942-04-05
FIN NCIAL.
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
CLEVELAND. April A wide
variety Of shells for the Army soon
will be manufactured from steel
instead of brass, a War Production
Board expert disclosed today.
DR.. Bradley Stoughton Of Bethle-
hem. Pa, said the Army very def
nitely is turning to steel In August
or by October at the latest-in pro-
duction of shell cases from los mill
meters (about 4 inches) down to
but not including small-arms sizes.
Since copper is the chief ingredi-
ent OF brass, this will save 100000
tons of badly needed copper a year
for electrical equipment and similar
war needs" he told an interviewer.
DR.. Stoughton is chief of w. p. BIS
heat-treating equipment unit and
president of the American Society
for Metals.
We're going to have a struggle
to get 80 million tons Of steel this
year against SO millions last year, I"
he added. why? The lack of scrap.
We exported so much scrap to Japan
that if we had it back we would
make SO million tons this year. And
this expectation was despite the tre-
mendous opposition Of our Amer
lean steelmakers."
Today's "Scarcest metal" Is vana-
Evening star., 1942-04-05
Cnlv Pert Of Army Needs Met
On Cotton Textile Market

Earlier in the week good-sized
quantities of print cloth yarns were
moved with some estimates placing
the volume around 10000, 900 yards.
The steady rise in raw cotton
prices to new 13-year high levels,
and the successive advances through
various tripping points" in the cell
ing prices, induced the mills to in
crease offerings.
Some of the latter were diverted
to civilian needs, but the bulk of
the goods went to sources with
priority ratings.
The recent rise In cotton prices
had carried the print cloths from a
basic ceiling Of 461a cents pound
to 48 cents.
Late in the week activity subsidized
to routine levels, owing partly to
holiday considerations and the dis
position of sellers to await price
stabilization of the raw market.
Rayon goods trading continued at
q slow pace, being hampered by
the observance Of religious holidays
by q large segment Of the trade and
the difnculsy In obtaining desired
quantities and types Of yarns.
Evening star., 1942-04-05
Early ALLEGATIONS Speed Up
April Copper Deliveries

ton pool set up in March for lower
grade zinc had been delivered.
Non-ferrous metals prices were
left unchanged during the week:
Domestic copper, II cents pound;
Connecticut Valley export, 11%
cents, I. o. b. New York; Zinc, 825
cents a pound, East st. Louis; Lead,
$50 cents a pound. New York, and
6.35 cents, st. Louis.
Steelmen took a look at their
scrap piles and reported some i'm
provement," but said they were only
''less pessimistic" than some months
ago.
Better weather was credited for
the increase in scrap iron and steel
collections and the higher rate of
operations in the yards where the
scrap Is sorted and bundled. Also
factors were a bigger flow from
automobile graveyards and farms.
Much of the current high rate Of
steel ingot production continued to
hinge on daily scrap receipts.
Demands for steel for war pur-
poses were increasing. There was
practically no steel available for
peacetime consumers.
Evening star., 1942-04-05
Bituminous Output
Up Sharply in Week

The National Coal Association,
from incomplete car-loading re-
ports from the railroads, estimates
bituminous coal production in the
United States for the week ended
March % as approximately 11,15o,-
900 net tons, about 92.9 per cent of
capacity. Production for the cor
responding week in 1941 was H.
697 900 net tons. This week is At
per cent under the corresponding
week last year.
The report of the Bituminous Coal
Division of the Department Of the
Interior shows production of H.
050,000 tons for the week ended
March IA and 10,880, 900 tons for
the week ended March 81.
Production January / through
March 2S, 1912, about 136,034,0 900
tons; January l through March 40.
1e41. 131, ~, 900 tons; an increase
Of 35 per cent.
Evening star., 1942-04-05

Kendall, chair Joseph B. Eastman.
man of the Car Service Division of
the A. A. r., will appear on the
program of the Atlantic States
Shippers Advisory Board meeting in
Philadelphia on Thursday.
Composed of slstrialists, farm
ers, bankers and marketing and
trade bodies, these shippers ad-
visory boards cooperate with the
railroads in the promotion and
maintenance of adequate trans
portation service and car supply.
Express Official Advanced.
c. A. Williams, travelling loss and
damage supervisor, has been ap-
pointed agent of the Railway Ex-
press in the Washington Office He
succeeds A. D. Satterwhite, pro-
NOTED to chief clerk to the vice
president and transferred to At
lanta, Ga.
Mr.. William has been in the ex-
press business since November, 1915,
when he started as a driver in the
horse -and-wagon" days. He soon
became a messenger, was advanced
to cashier at Atlanta and served as
chief clerk to the superintendent at
Atlanta and at Charlotte, N. G..
He was route agent at Macon, Ga,
and Jacksonville, Fla, being pro-
NOTED to the position of travelling
auditor which led to his transfer to
Washington. He assumed his new
post April l.
Bonds Lead ID. c. Market.
Four $1,000 transfers in Capital
Traction IS took place on the Wash
(See FURNITURE, Page CD
Evening star., 1942-04-05
Wholesale Butter Boosted
To 12-Year April Peak
By the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
CHICAGO. April 4-Wholesale
butter prices were advanced Il to
"a cent pound today TO the best
levels since mid-November and
highest for April in IL years.
Butter grading extra" sold at
36la and the general market was
134 to Az cents higher than a year
ago.
At today's prices butter was y
to l cent above quotations paid a
week ago when the Dairy Products
Marketing Association, Government
financed cooperative. adjusted its
price pegs upward 2 cents a pound.
Traders attributed the markets
strength largely to assurance that
the Government will not permit
prices to decline below basis mini
mum Of 36 cents for extras" and
good consumer demand.
Evening star., 1942-04-05
Wheat Is Depressed
ByCrop Prospects,
Storage Needs
Slow Flour Demand
Also Cited; Other
Grains Down
BY FRANKLIN MULLIN,
Associated Press Market Writer.

CHICAGO, April 4.-Wheat prices
sagged a cent a bushel today, con-
tracts calling for delivery of grain
in May selling below s1.24 for the
first time since last December 6
the day before Pearl Harbor.
The market was depressed by
favorable winter wheat prospects
trade talk about scarcity Of storage
room, and tagging -four demand.
Other grains sagged with wheat
rye showing the most weakness with
losses of more than a cent. and
corn and oats the most strength to
resist selling pressure. Rye came
within fractions of the l942 lows
established last week.
Wheat closed 7s-1h cents lower
than Thursday; May, s123%; July,
s125ss; corn. ~ off; May, 50;
July, 90A -as; oats. as-9s down; soy
beans, Liz lower: rye. 1918 low
er and lard unchanged at ceilings
Compared with a week ago wheat
was about 8 cents lower and rye
about 2 cents of, but corn, oats and
soybeans were unchanged to only
fractionally lower.
Big Crop Indicated.
c. M. Calvin, widely recognized
crop expert, issued a forecast of
1912 winter wheat production sug-
gesting a crop of $4,000, 1000 bushels
is possible with favorable weather
the next few months Mrs. E. H
Miller, another expert, estimated
production at 100000 bushels
earlier in the week. The Calvin fig
ure was only 100000 less than
last years large harvest despite the
sharp cut in acreage this season.
Average production for the last 10
years was 569,15l,000 bushels.
Calvin estimated condition Of the
crop on April l at SO per cent of
normal compared with 70 per cent
a year ago, the best condition for
the date since 1881. when the fig
ure was 88.8 per cent, and the har-
vest totaled 825 1860 bushels, an
all-time record.
Farmers paid of Government
loans on approximately $500, 900
bushels of 1941 wheat during the
week ending March % and turned
over 100000 bushels in default
Of payment. This brought total re-
demptions to 33,223,617 bushels,
while 9,167,739 bushels have been
defaulted to the Government. At
that date there were still 1896
ITO bushels under loans.
Corn and Oats Steady.
Comparative strength of corn and
oats reflected steady spot prices and
sales for shipment Of $1,000 bushels
Of corn and $4,000 oats from here.
Corn receipts, representing two
day accumulation, totaled 429 cars,
but were readily taken, the bulk
having been shipped to fill previous
(see WHEAT, Page C-s0
Evening star., 1942-04-05
BY BERNARD S. O'HARA,

BY BERNARD 5. O'HARA,
Associated Press Financial Writer.
NEW YORK, April 4.-The stock
market maintained its equilibrium
today after a moderately good week.
The list got of to slightly easier
start, but trends stiffened later.
While small fractional price changes
either way were pretty evenly d.
vided at the close, there were few
wider swings on the upside.
Dealings, fairly active for a while,
eventually subsided. Transfers Of
1920 shares compared with last
Saturdays 131 $50. lowest since
August 16. The Associated Press
average of so stocks was unchanged
at 346, but on the week held net
advance of 2.
Many boardroom customers
stretched the Good Friday recess
into a week -end holiday. Those who
put in appearance were selective
purchasers as well as sellers. The
feeling Of most seemed to be the
market had been pretty well sold out
and was due for revival. War news
and business developments lacked
much stimulation.
Stalemate Exemplified.
The days stalemate was exempli-
fed by the fact that, of sos indi-
vidual stocks traded, 173 were OH,
161 up and I'll unchanged.
Coca-Cola was q gamer Of 81
points on q meager turnover and
Pepsi-Cola advanced ~. Indica-
tions sugar quotas might be hoisted
aided these soft drink issues.
Dow Chemical was up II and
Allied Chemical IL. Lesser i'm
provement was registered for Kenne-
colt. American Smelling, Texas Co.,
Pennsylvania. Montgomery Ward.
American Can, Westinghouse. Cen
eral Electric and Eastman Kodak.
On the offside were U. S. Steel,
Bethlehem. Chrysler. U. S. Rubber.
Santa Fe, N. Y. Central, United Air
craft, international Nickel, Stand
ard Oil IN. j., Western Union. Con-
solidated Edison and Phelps Dodge.
Alc0a Down Sharply.
In slim curb Aluminium of Amer
lea dropped ga, seemingly again re-
fiecting the company's new financ-
ing plans. Retaining modest plus
signs were Humble Oil, Lake Shore
and Phoenix securities.
While the big board during the
week had to contend with cloudy
war dispatches. broadening price
ceilings, growing shortages. the dark
tax outlook and signs legislation was
on the way to substantially restrict
corporate profits. support arrived
after averages had hit new four-year
bottoms Tuesday.
Prices edged forward Wednesday
and on Thursday made the best
showing since March IT. Short COW
ering for Fridays shutdown Of the
exchange, together with the hope
the market decline had more than
discounted reduced dividends and
other bearish prospects, served as
sustaining factors.
Evening star., 1942-04-05
Steel Soon to Replace Brass
In Wide Variety of Shells
WI. B. Expert Says Severe Serop Shortage
Will Hamper 1912 Mill Operations

dium. DR.. Stoughton said, because
pre-war demand has doubled and
half Of United States normal needs
come from Peru, where expansion
OF facilities is questionable. vana-
dium is an important hardening ele-
ment for fooled steel and facilities
in this country. which normally pro-
duce the other half, are being ex-
panded.
THE stepup in magnesium pro-
duction Is amazing" the w. p. 3.
expert continued. "A few years ago
We produced only 356 tons in q
year. 1t is no military secret that
in l943 we plan TO produce 352, 200
TONS" Magnesium. lighter than
aluminium, Is used in airplane pro-
duction.
Asked about the prospect Of re-
claiming tin cans, he said Germany
Is doing it through the Hans Gold
schmidt process-also available to
the United States-"but we haven't
come to that yet, since we can carry
on for at least another year or
a year and . half" The reclaim
ing cost in normal times is five
times greater than the cost Of ordi-
nary tin production and research
experts are working on this prob
lem in the hope of discovering a
process more sound economically,
he added.
Evening star., 1942-04-05
More Women Needed
For Arms Drive,
Kanzler Says
Big Training Program
Essential, Declares
w. P. B. Auto Chief
BY DAVID J. WILKIE,
Wide World Automotive Editor,

DETROIT, April 4.-"The real
capacity of industry will not be
realized until more women are
trained and put on war work. =
The armed forces will drain several
million men from the ranks of
factory workers by the end Of
| 1912. ."
That's the way Ernest Kanzler,
tall, slender, quiet-spoken, quick
thinking head of the War Produc-
ton Boards automotive branch,
sums up one of the major problems
of industry in the war effort. He
sees another such problem In the
present shortage of man power in
the tool and die shops.
The former lawyer, banker, credit
expert and one time business asso-
ciate of Henry and Edsel Ford
visualizes his latest job as having
just one objective:
ITO get the greatest possible mill
tary production out of the unique
facilities of the automobile indus
try"
Knows Inside Workings.
KanZler knows the inside work
ings Of the Nations great auto
motive industry. He has the whole
hearted cooperation Of its execu-
tives.
But even if he did not have this
voluntary cooperation, his friends
will tell you, he probably would
drive through to the objective in
the present effort without such help.
Lest that give the impression
Kanzler is tough" in his attitude,
it should be explained that out
wardly, at least, he is just the con-
trary. He speaks rapidly at times,
but rarely above moderate tone.
One of Kanzler's greatest assets
probably is his remarkable memory.
Despite the far-f1ung nature of his
work, he never forgets even the
smallest details and figures on pro-
duction charts, progress reports and
conversations.
Kanzler usually arrives at his Of
flee at $3.50 am. and often remains
conferences in his office until mid
night or later, and then takes home
a brief case filled with urgent busi-
ness. Kanzler averages five days a
week in Detroit and two at his
Washington Office.
Started Imme 1iately.
1t was a little more than two
months ago that Donald M. Nelson,
chairman of the War Production
Board, assigned Kanzler to the job
of directing the automobile industry
in the effort to win the war.
The 6-foot, energetic Kanzler ar
rived in Detroit from Washington
the next day, appeared before a
meeting of car manufacturers who
had not counted upon his presence,
and told them bluntly what he ex-
pected of them.
He left the meeting with en-
thusiastic pledges of cooperation
from all the car manufacturers.
Then he set up TEMPORARY Offices in
the mail-sorting room Of the Fed
eral Building.
Today his staff, which includes
experts in virtually every line allied
with the automobile industry as well
as economists. lawyers and others,
occupies the entire top floor of an
eight-story uptown building which
a quarter century ago was the main
branch factory building of the Ford
Motor Co. |
Kanzler, who will be so years old
next May 20, was born in Saginaw,
Mich, and was graduated from the
University of Michigan and from
Harvard Law School. He became
(See KANZLER, Page C-9.)
Evening star., 1942-04-05
BY the Associated Press.

NEW YORK, April 4.-The week. S
outstanding event in the cotton
goods market was the opening of
bids by the Army for more than
350,000,000 yards of assorted fabrics,
the largest single cotton cloth pur-
chase attempted by the Army since
the war program started.
Less than half the goods sought
was offered, according to reports
which said bids submitted were
understood to have covered only
about 100000 yards with the
unwillingness of the mills to offer
apparently based on several reasons
that included:
Equipment limitations for pro-
duction; uncertainty over the avail
ability of new crop supplies, and the
possibility that labor and raw ma
terial costs might be higher later
in the year
Some bids repeatedly were on a
contingent basis with the price to be
determined later and dependent
upon wage increases and other ex-
penses which might develop beyond
the mills power to control
Evening star., 1942-04-05
Nv the Associated Press,

By the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, April April move
ment of copper allocations to war
manufacturers got of to an early
start this week for the second month
in a row.
The War Production Board made
available individual tonnage allot-
ments on April 2 and as result
both producers and users expected
relatively early delivery.
In the lead industry releases of
foreign metal were expected to be on
hand at the beginning Of next week.
At the same time trade members
understood the w. P. B. was working
on orders to release considerable
portion of the April domestic pro-
duction kitty, still leaving a fair
amount In the pool to provide for
emergency 'ehot spots" that might
crop UP later.
Zinc producers reported some
orders for shipments Of prime west
ern grade during the first few days
Of April, but 1t was pointed out that
not ali Of the % per cent Of produc-
Evening star., 1942-04-05
Jump Revealed
In Furniture
Sales Here
Volumes 80 Per Cent
Ahead of Year Aqo
In Two Months
BY EDWARD C. STONE.

Furniture sales in Washington in
February ran 80 per cent ahead OF
the same month a year ago in dollar
volume and in the first two months
of this year jumped 36 per cent
above the 1871 record, the Federal
Reserve Bank of Richmond reported
yesterday. The Capital record was
well ahead of the gain of II per
cent in the Fifth district for Febru-
airy and 20 per cent on the two
months.
The survey states that Washing
ton stood second in building permits
issued in the Fifth district in Febru-
ary, the total being Sl,70l ,875. De-
fense housing put Norfolk in the
lead with permits reaching $1,882,-
020, while Baltimore was third, with
a valuation of s1,327,818.
Construction contracts awarded in
the whole Fifth district in February
totaled $80,772 900, against $33,323, :
900 year ago, a Jump of l42 per cent.
the report says, and SIS per cent
ahead Of January, this year.
Bicycles in Lively Demand.
Under rationing control, new auto
mobile sales in Washington totaled
only 178 cars, compared with 2,203
q year ago, drop of 80 per cent.
In the two months sales in the
Capital numbered 562 cars, against
4,415 last year, down 81 per cent.
Rejecting the influence of tire ra-
tioning. there has been a great in
crease in sales of bicycles recently.
Debts to individual accounts in
Washington in February stood at
1878, $4,000, up 80 per cent over
194l; the number on Washington
payrolls gained o4 per cent over
January and the amount 0.5 per
cent.
Bank loans and demand deposits
were higher in the Fifth district
and general business levels were far
above last year, the survey stated.
Saul Transportation Chairman.
John Saul, executive vice presi-
dent of the American Security &
Trust Co., has been appointed chair
man of the TRANSPORTATION Commit