davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-06-25
This Changing World
Attitude Of Near Eost Natives Who Are Impressed
Only by Power Becomes Problem for British

they be sent to concentration
camps for failing to follow the
instructions Of enemy agents.
The Arab population on both
sides of the Suez Canal has no
liking for westerners. But the
rank and file recognize only one
thing-power. An individual or q
nation is judged simply on the
basis OF physical strength. Turk
tsh weakness led the Arabs, their
co-religionists, to join the British
in the last war and thus to pre-
cipitate the fall of the Ottoman
Empire. Col. T. E. Lawrence's
success during the last war was
due to the fact that he recognized
that fact and exploited it cleverly.
In many quarters familiar with
the Near Eastern situation, there
is great apprehension over the
attitude Of the Arabs now that
the British have suffered a Sc
rious defeat in Libya. 1t is real
lied in Washington that this is
only a temporary defeat, and that
eventually the situation will be
Strengthened out. but the popula-
tions Of Egypt. Palestine and the
rest Of the Arab world see the
British forces In full retreat and
another master looming on the
horizon.
Masters At Sabotage.
The cruelties of the Nazis are
being described to the Arabs, but
that is not tangible, like a British
defeat in Eastern Libya. What
happened in Poland, France, Hol-
land and all the other territories
which are now under the Nazi
boot was too far away to be
realized. Furthermore, oriental
mentality regards defeat as in
volving humiliation. suffering and
even death. This is all part Of
these peoples religion, which Is
the only code they follow.
From the practical point of
view this may be translated into
sabotage, raids on the rear Of the
British forces and other fifth COL
umn activities, compelling the
British high command to detach
Evening star., 1942-06-25

United Nations, in the execution oi
their common and unified purpose
to defeat the Axis powers.
Yet realism compels' the state
ment that it is not IN the nature
of national governments to do such
a thing readily and without reluc-
tance. 1t is not easy for national
leader or a government to place
the control of its armed forces and
military resources and the respon-
sibility for the safety of its people
in the hands OF any foreigner, how
ever eminent or capable.
In fact, 1t Is hardly to be ex-
pected that any such thing will
take place as the unanimous elec-
ton by the 28 governments con-
cerned OF Mr.. Roosevelt as the
supreme commander of the United
Nations forces. It is rather as
chairman Of a supreme war coun-
Gil than as a titular inter Allied
commander in chief that Mr.. Roose-
welt may find his opportunities for
leadership. This would be a diff
ficult and trying position for him
to occupy but 1t is one for which
his qualities and talents particu-
larly At him.
Calls for Political Unity.
To be specific, the need for
centralized direction OF this war de-
mands the creation at Washington
without delay Of a supreme war
council representing the highest po-
litical authority of the several
United Nations participating in the
grand alliance against Germany
and Japan.
Without such an agency for the
coordination of policy. unihcation
of military staffs will be of little
value; for war is political act, and
strategy is but the execution Of pol
icy A combined staff can do very
little II 1t must serve half dozen
political masters. The enemy, in
each of his theaters of operations.
has complete political as well as
military unity. We must achieve
the like If we are to oppose him
successfully.
From the point of view of unity.
1t would Of course be ideal If MIR.
Churchill, Mr.. Stain and General
issimo Chang Kai-shek could sit
down daily with Mr.. Roosevelt and
plan the higher direction of the war.
But, naturally, in war the head of
state cannot be continually absent
from his capital. and SO some sub
stitute arrangement must be found.
The difficulty is, of course, to give
| supreme war council sufficient au-
Evening star., 1942-06-25
The Political Mill
Mccormack Held Unlikely to Seek Senote Seat;
Majority Leaders Service in House Stressed

comes, they insist, a man will
be found to make the race. DEM
ocratic State Chairman William
H. Burke, jr., who was in Wash
ington yesterday, indicated that
no conclusion had been reached
regarding a candidate, and that
none would be until later in the
SUMMER. The Massachusetts, pri-
mary does not take place until
September Is.
Two Representatives Suggested.
The names of two House men,
bers have been suggested for the
DemocrCtic senatorial nomina-
tion-Representative Eliot and
Representative Casey.
Mr.. Eliot Is an ardent New
Dealer. The district which he
represents was eliminated in the
redistricting of the State made
necessary by the loss of one
House seat following the 1910
census. Mr.. Eliot's political plans
have not been announced. He
might run for the Democratic
nomination for the House in the
district now represented by Rep
resentative Flaherty If the latter
should be named postmaster Of
Boston-as it Is expected he will
be. On the other hand, Mr.. Eliot
might determine to throw his
hat in the ring Tor the senatorial
nomination.
Mr.. Casey, 1t is reported. has
said he would not be a senatorial
candidate, but would seek re-
nomination for the House.
Senator Lodge in 1896 defeated
former Gov. Curley to win his
present Senate seat. He won in
that election by approximately
125,000 votes. though President
Roosevelt carried the State. Mr..
Curley is now considering enter
ing the primary in the F1aherty
district if Mr.. Flaherty becomes
postmaster. II he wins the NOM
ination and later is elected. he
will have made the political circle
back to the House. Of which he
was a member q number OF
years ago.
Senator Lodge is at present on
active service with the Army and
has been for some time. He
has announced, however, that
he will seek reelection. Pre-
sumably he will have the Re-
publican nomination without diff
ficulty. When he will return to
his duties in the Senate is not
now known.
Incidentally, there has been
move on foot to bring back
the members Of Congress now
engaged in military service to
their places in Congress. There
is a growing feeling in some
quarters that this should be done
for several reasons. The House
leaders have for some time been
actively engaged in persuading a
score of members from going
into the active service as has
Senator Lodge and a number Of
the Representatives.
Evening star., 1942-06-25
Three Woman Scientists
Doomed by Poris Nozis

By the Associated Press.
LONDON, June 25.-The Free
French newspaper France reported
in a Lisbon dispatch last night that
three French women scientists In
Paris had been sentenced to death
and seven men executed for De
Gaullist activities.
The women were Mile Yvonne
Oddon, librarian of an anthropo-
logical institute: Nine. Jeanne
Leleu, formerly connected with the
Curie Institute. and a Nine. ST.
moneux, engaged in private re-
search.
Evening star., 1942-06-25
BY CONSTANTINE BROWN.

The position of the United
Nations in the Near East is very
precarious now, not only be-
cause of the powerful Axis drive
eastward after the fall Of To-
bruk. but also because of the
difficulties the British may en-
counter with populations of the
areas defended by the imperial
forces.
Besides the military signifi-
canoe Of the unfortunate battle
last week, it has an equally
strong psychological Importance.
The Egyptians, as we'll as the
Arabs in Asia Minor where the
battle may soon be- fought, are
strongly Influenced by show Of
power.
In the past the British have
been able to control them with
a handful Of men because of the
overwhelming prestige Of the
Evening star., 1942-06-25

and an inter-Allied war resources
board could function usefully. More
over, the effect on public opinion
of the announcement of such uni
fed command would be very great
But it must again be emphasized
that the factor Of greatest impor-
tance in making such a plan work
is the element of personal leader
ship. Without such leadership the
council could not hope to function
smoothly. 1t would bog down in
endless debate and conflict of view.
But, with inspired and inspiring
leadership. supported by confidence.
even miracles may be achieved-and
we could use a miracle or so just
now.
(Copyrieht. 1912. New York Tribune. Inc)
Make 1t a pleasure to lend your
treasure. Buy War bonds.
Evening star., 1942-06-25

q relatively important force to
police the country. The natives
of the Near East are past masters
at sabotage and marauding.
Unless strong reinforcements
are sent to the Near East to boil
ster British defenses and check
the Nazi legions, fifth column ac-
tivities there will make what hap
pened in France and Holland look
insignificant.
Evening star., 1942-06-25

British Empire. The British Navy
dominated the Mediterranean
and the presence of a single
cruiser in any of the ports of the
Arab world created a tremen-
dous impression among the ma
tives.
Smart British regiments gar
risoned between the Suez Canal
and the Iranian border controlled
millions who felt they had no
chance against the might of the
worlds foremost empire. This
prestige was coupled with intel
ligent adm l n istr ton. which
knew when to lavish gifts and
when and how to be harsh. Such
hardness secured the British
position during the World War
and even during this war Brit
ish failures on distant fronts had
relatively little repercuss ion
among the natives.
Tobruk Defeat a Tangible.
Tn the Arab world, proofs must
be tangible, and the Tobruk af-
fair was one of those tangibles.
The populations of Egypt's main
cities are jittery. These people
have no warlike instincts and
are afraid of what might happen
II the present rulers were elimi-
mated. Axis agents have been
active in Cairo and Alexandria
for long time, using their usual
methods of threat and promise.
Now that Axis forces have
reached the boundaries Of Egypt
the townfolk are panicky lest
Evening star., 1942-06-25

which, u n d e r
existing circum-
stances, can be
exercised only
by the President
Of the United
States.
Obviously the
President can
not simply as
sumo such au-
thority. 1t must
be freely given
by the leaders
a n d govern
WANTS - ba
Evening star., 1942-06-25

h We rendered
these last few
months in form
ulating the most
difficult tax bill
in American his
tory.
1t is not only
the most severe
bill from a rate
standpoint, but
also Is expected
to produce the
biggest revenue.
Yet at the same
tim e 1t doe
Evening star., 1942-06-25

established by
S me " e H..
meaning but ILL
advised gentle
man in WASH
ington.
This gentle
man, who needs
to take q course
in applied psy-
chology. even II
he has to take it
by correspond
ence and pay for
it In INSTALL
Evening star., 1942-06-25

THE opinions OF the wters this their not
necessarily The Stars Such opinions presented
Stars effort to giue all sides OF questions OF interest
readers although such opinions may be contradictory among
themselves and directly opposed to The Stars
Evening star., 1942-06-25
BY MAI. GEORGE FIELDING
ELIOT.

On Tuesday I pointed out the
urgent, the almost desperate need
OF the United Nations for a CEN
tralized leadership-a leadership
Evening star., 1942-06-25
Nodenbousch Elected
By Mortinsburg Group
Special Dispatch to The Star.

MARTINSBURG, w. Va, June Is.
John L. Nadenbousch, insurance
man. has been elected president Of
the Berkeley County Junior Board
Of Trade. He succeeds James Laise.
Floyd Odom was named first vice
president: T. Guy Reynolds. second
vice president: K. E. Norris, secre-
tary. and w. H. Atkinson, treasurer.
Elected to the board Of directors
were John Byrer, Nelson Clarke.
Preston Hopper, Robert McArver,
John r. Poland, jr.. Smith Pine, F.
z. Straw and Howard Siler.
Evening star., 1942-06-25
McLemore
Occupation Insignia
Is Really Premature
BY HENRY McLEMORE.

The all-time record for putting
the horse before the cart and
counting the Rhode Island Reds be-
fore they're Matched has Just been
Evening star., 1942-06-25
New Tax Bill
Severe but
Corrective
Fails to Relieve
Debt-Ridden Firms,
However
BY DAVID LAWRENCE.

The House Ways and Means Com
mittee, Republicans and Democrats
deserve the thanks of the country
for the painstaking service they
Evening star., 1942-06-25

Buy bonds and stamps for the
beys In the camps.
Evening star., 1942-06-25

Make 1t a pleasure to lend your
treasure. Buy War bonds.
Evening star., 1942-06-17

rifles. one days rations and q
canteen Of water.
At $50 pm. we set out on foot
the trucks carrying supplies going
in another column.
At midnight we made the first
contact with the enemy.
We ran into them in the dark
Flares went up and there was a
burst of machine-gun fire from
them.
We were in battle formation, with
bayonets fixed and pin out OF
grenade. On the order from Capt
Morel we charged. Before we knew
1t we were in the trench. There
were three Germans there. I shot
one, the captain shot another and
the third fled.
More started coming at us. They
began to machine-gun us. Our own
wounded were groaning all around
us. We took along those who could
walk.
We ran into them again and they
fired explosive bullets at us. We
tossed grenades at them and fought
1t out hand to hand for 10 minutes
We were using our bare fists and
being machine-gunned from a dis
tance at the same time.
am glad to be here safe.
Evening star., 1942-06-17
Former D. c. Newspopermon
Describes BH Huchein Stand
Repeated Tank, Infantry and Bombing
Attacks Withstood by Free French

miles, so you can imagine what q
large number of bombs that many
planes laid on us.
The RAF also was constantly
bombing and ground-straf1ng the
enemy. With our own Bofors (anti-
aircraft gum we brought down from
10 to IL planes. They were all Ger
man.
The British made strong efforts to
relieve us. but they had other fish
to fry.
We could hear the British artil-
lery at times banging away. This
gave us hope, but it never came any
nearer.
We had great confidence in our
commander, Gen. Koenig, and in
Col. Anilkavar, Russian commander
of the Foreign Legion, who like all
other Foreign Legion members be-
gan as a private.
We never lacked food and were al
lowed two quarts of water daily.
Ran Into Enemy In Dark.
The morale was good. But the at
tacks got worse and worse and no
aid came. Last night we were told
to get ready to go. We took our
Evening star., 1942-06-17
BY CORPL. EDGAR MARSHALL
DICKERSON,
French Foreign Legion.

Written for the Associated Press.
SOMEWHERE IN THE LIBYAN
DESERT, June II Delayed On
the morning of May % the italians
attacked us at Bir Hacheim.
We opened up on them with our
French 75-mm. guns and when
their infantry saw their tanks
knocked out they ran.
Then they called the Germans in.
We we're continuously shelled and
there were other attacks.
At pm. on June 2 two Italian
officers appeared in a car bearing a
white flag and were led into the fort
blindfolded.
They brought a demand from
German Marshal Erwin Rommel
that We surrender.
The ultimatum said:
I'VE demand your capitulItion or
you will be eXterminated."
They attacked us again and again
and bombed us again and again.
The Pacific battalion, made up
largely of natives from Tahiti and
New Caledonia, was under fire for
the first time and they behaved
magnificently.
Surrender Again Demanded.
Then came another demand for
surrender by the Italians.
They said they had reinforcements
and that we had no hope of survival.
On June they had working
parties out so close to our lines We
could hear them talk. They tried
to remove mines, but we stopped
that with machine-gun fire.
On Wednesday this week 10
planes attacked us in one raid dur
ing the day. Then at 7 pm. several
lights of more planes bombed us
Bir Hacheim is only five by four
Evening star., 1942-06-17

engaged in var manufacturing work.
he said. and that figure Is steadily
increasing. Many Of the new work
ers needed to expand production viii
have to come from the ranks Of
married women and other women
engaged in non-essential work, he
indicated.
Canada's manpower is now dis
tributed as follows, Mr.. Howe said:
Armed forces-500, 900 with an
other 100000 to be added by the end
Of the year.
War p-ooucticn-800 900.
Agriculture, $50, 900.
Essential work, such as transporta-
ton, public utilities, coal and metal
mining-300, 900.
Production for civil economy
100000.
Total-Approximately 5000, 900.
Evening star., 1942-06-17

The gallant stand OF the Free
French garrison at Bir Hacheim
against repeated Aris tank, in
tantry and bombing attacks is de-
scribed in this story ,Oritten for
the Associated Press by Edgar
Marshal Dickerson, corporal in
the French Foreign Legion tDho
surpiped the battle. Mr.. Dicker-
son, son OF an Episcopal minister
OF White Post, Va, is q graduate
OF Virginia Military Institute, q
former captain in the Bolivian
Army and once tDorked for the
Washington Post. He Joined the
Foreign Legion year and q halt
ago.
Evening star., 1942-06-17
100000 Canadians Helping
War Production
B, the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
OTTAWA, June 17.-Canada now
has about 100000 persons engaged
In war production, Munitions Min
lister c. D. Howe declared yesterday
in review Of Canada's manpower
situation before the House Of Com
mons.
He estimated that by the end Of
the year $4,000 additional workers
would be needed in war industries
and that early in 1943, when the
program reaches its peak, about
10000 would be employed.
approximately 120 900 women were
Evening star., 1942-06-17
Telephone Directory Cut

Because the London telephone d.
rectory has $4,000 fewer subscribers
names and will be less widely cir
culated, 5000 tons of paper will be
saved this year.
The Omaha guide., 1942-07-04
COAST CITIZENS PROTEST
AGAINST IMPORTATION
OF ALIEN FARM HANDS

Los Angeles, July 2 ANP1Led
by Sidney P. Bones, a number Of Io-
cal citizens are voicing protests a.
gainst Go. Olsen's plan to import
some 4 $1,000 or more Mexican farm
laborers into California.
Regardless of the fact that Mex
leo is a friendly neighbor and IN
ally, they declare that there are
plenty of colored, Mexican and
white citizens right here in the
state who would welcome farm work
if the wages were anywhere near a
living standard. Besides this there
are thousands of both colored ard
white sharecroppers on the big plan
tations in the south, living in Writ
ual slavery, and under the vicious
poll-tax system.
Steps should be taken at once
declares Mr.. Dones, 'to ~forestall
what will only develop into another
international problem in course of
time"
The Omaha guide., 1942-07-04
reach that age.

reach that age.
Besides handling the task Of the
new registration, General Henning-
err said, local boards also face the
job of reviewing their lists of prev
ious registrants to bring classific-
atoms in line with the new policy
announced last week.
This policy directs local boards 20
first exhaust the supplies of quail
fled men with financial dependents
before turning to men without fin
ancial dependents; men married
prior to Dec. s, Al who have no child
rem; and, finally, to men married
prior to Dec. s, 1941, who have wives
and children or only children.
Married men should not conclude
this new policy mean they are &c
moved from the possibility of induc-
ton, General Henninger warned.
I'm many Nebraska counties the
supplies of unmarried IA men are
already gone and the local boards
of those counties must, Of course,
turn t o married men to meet their
calls"
The Omaha guide., 1942-07-04

to remain away from the exercises
and refusS to accept the honor I'M
less this was done.
other sources say that the demand
to withhold the degree was accom-
panied with yelled threats of future
reprisals against the interests Of
Wilberforce. The result was, say
Walkers friends, that Bishop Ran
som announced to the commence
ment audience that certain degrees
voted by the trustees and appearing
on the printed program would not
be conferred at that time. All the
persons scheduled to be honored
were presented except DR.. Walker.
1t is understood that several prom
inent church leaders of the AME.
church were incensed at this matter
and are now looking for ways in
which to "get even"
The Omaha guide., 1942-07-04
GREAT FIREWORKS DISPLAY
AT CREIGHTON STADIUM
lilly 4TH-9 p M

Under the auspices of Omaha Post
No. 1, The American Legion, new,
spectacular developments in pyro-
technics-o nthe ground and in the
air-will be on display when Omaha
Post of The American Legion pres
ents its sixth annual, government
approved fireworks show at Creight-
on Stadium, July 4th, 9 p. m.
One dramatic set piece will be a
huge portrait of General MacAr-
thur, outlined in 500 square feet Of
v~ari-colored fire. Overhead, flam-
ing rockets will soar and burst in
new combinations of gold, silver and
multi-hued sparks.
Additional patriotic color will be
given this 1912 victory celebration
by the presence of hundreds of uni
formed men in the stadium stands
and by. a ceremony, preceding the
fireworks display, for induction into
the United States Navy of fifty Ne
braskans and South Dakota recruits
This ceremony has been arranged
by Lieut.. R. J. Mahoney. officer in
charge of naval recruiting in this
district, as the climax of Nevy Week
activities. A sky writer will circle
over the stadium during the cerem-
ony. The program offers, also, a 10
minute presentation Of drills ny
Iowa's champion Sons of the Legion
drum and bugle corps from Sioux
City, a concert by the Omaha Post
band, and community singing led by
Omaha's popular Billy Meyers. Ap-
pearing with the band as soloist will
be Goldie Tystrup Marble, singing
patriotic songs.
Omaha Post officials announce the
The Omaha guide., 1942-07-04
By Albert J. Bates


While Americas industrial war
machine daily establishes new pro-
duction records. the full potential
is falling far short of attainment due
to accompanying increases in lost
production as a result of accident
and illness.
This situation poses a problem Of
serious concern to the government.
1t is a problem that car and must be
licked by management and labor
alike.
How seriously our production is
affected is indicated by National
Safety Council data showing a total
OF 1000. 900 accidents in industrial
plants during 1912 . of the total.
$4,000 we're fatalities. These acct
dents meant a loss of 80, 900, 900 man
days of labor. Add to these figures
the loss due to illness . the total,
in terms of combat equipment, is
enormous.
To keep pitching" for victory,
management and labor must do
more preventive work a COM
lbination Of scientific control and
common sense. Most of the me-
,chanical accidents can be prevented
by following recognized safety pro-
,cedures. A vast number of acct
dents are due to a faulty mental at
,titude on the part of workers !.
due mainly to the stress and strain
of the stepped-up tempo Of produce
ton. Rest, recreation and relaxa-
ton between shifts are vital to the
maintenance of personal efficiency.
With management intensifying
safety controls and workers follow.
ing common sense health measures,
the frightful accident rate can be
radically reduced.
Keep Pitching, Americai
Copyright, 1912. by Albert r.. Bates.
La Crosse. Wisconsin,
The Omaha guide., 1942-07-04
OLD YOUTH MAY BE
CALLED BY SEPT. 1ST

Lincoln, Nebraska, July BRIG.
Gen. Guy N. Henninger, state select
i've service director, said today it is
probable some of the 20 year old
Nebraska youths who registered this
week may be called for induction by
the first of September.
while we have no definite in
struction on how soon members Of
this new registration who are 20
years old are to be Called he said,
ct think it is only fair to warn
young men of this class they can
expect some inductions from their
ranks by early fall"
The General explained local boards
will meet July 20 to complete the
task of placing serial numbers on
cards received this week, This will
be done in the order of birth dates
Oldest man first, and SO on down
the line. In cases where registrants
have identical birthdays, the cards
will be arranged in alphabetical or
der.
When arranged in order, the new
registration cards will be placed in
local board files Immediately follow
ing those of the men who register
ed in February.
Since some local boards are now
almost finished with the job Of
classifying men who registered in
February, it i. likely that question
naires viii lsoon be going out 10 e
year old members CT the June reg
istration. Men under 20 r DIV
liable for military service and pro-
ably won't be classified until tn "