davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-12-27
MacArthur's Airmen
Down 11zeros; Buna
development Goes On
Austrulion Flyers
Bomb and Strufe
Jop-HeId Timor
BY C. YATES MCDANIEL,

ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN
AUSTRALIA, Sunday. Dec. 81
Allied airmen downed eight Jap,
anese fighters over New Guinea
and three more Zeros over New
Britain yesterday to take the
operational spotlight as Aus
tralian and American ground
forces pressed the comparatively
unspectacular but successful en-
velopment of the enemy's tena-
ciously held positions near Buna.
American fighter planes and Aus
tralian- flown Hudsons tangled with
at least IL Zeres over the Buna
battle area in a number of scat
tered dogights. The incomplete
aerial picture revealed that the Jap
anese lost eight Zeros-three by the
guns of the Hudson bombers--and
the Allies lost three planes.
A Consolidated B-24 accounted
for the remainder of the days bag
when it shot down three and pos
Sibly a fourth of IL zeros which
attacked the big four -engined
bombers while accommodating over
New Britain Island.
Aus - 'ian-fown Hudson bombers
and E u1ighters maintained aerial
pressure on Japanese-h Portu-
guese Timor yesterday in a series
of bombing and strafing attacks
which resulted in the destruction
of an unspecified number of enemy
planes on the ground and a direct
hit on 6,000-ton cargo vessel
Concentrating attention on a port
10 miles northward of Dill, the
Hudsons unloaded 300 and 150-
Founders among japanese vessels
in the harbor.
tThe harbor was not identified
either in Gen. Douglas Mac
Arthurs noon communique or in
Mr., McDaniel's dispatch.)
Other Allied planes bombed the
japanese air base at Gasmata in
New Britain and strafed enemy-oc-
cupied villages along the New
Guinea coast Of northwest of Buna.
One group of Beaufighters spotted
canoes filled with Japanese soldiers
below ,Salamaua. Braving a small
arms fuselade from the shore, the
Beaufighters swept in low, sinking
the canoes and killing or drowning
10 Japanese.
Evening star., 1942-12-27

program gets under way.
Then all retail sales will be frozen
to permit taking of inventories.
Canned goods and other processed
foods will be rationed with the new
War Ration Book No. 2, which is to
be issued next month. This will be
the first program undertaken with
this ration book-which is based on
the point system-and will take
precedence over meat rationing.
Must Fill Out Special Form.
All applicants for the No. 2 ration
book will be required to fill out a
special form detailing all the canned
goods in their possession.
Coupons will be torn out of the
books as they are issued covering
any excess stocks of goods in the
consumers hands. To make false
statement in this declaration will
be crime punishable by a heavy
fine and Jail sentence.
The OPA is counting on this dec
laration to discourage consumers
from making run on grocery stores
to buy canned goods before ration
ing starts. In addition, an appeal
Is to be made on the basis of pa
triotism.
II run should develop it was
indicated that the OPA had an ace
up its sleeve which would halt the
hysteria Immediately.
Adjustments Every Month.
When the rationing program gets
under way, the amounts of goods
to be allowed consumers will be ad-
justed monthly. The OPA will pub.
lish a list of foods, listing those
which have high value and those
which have 9 low value in ration
coupons.
Surveys will be made to determine
what foods are scarce and which
are plentiful on grocers' shelves.
The OPA will attempt to encourage
use Of the plentiful goods and dis
(See RATIONING, Page A-15)
Evening star., 1942-12-27
Canned Goods
To Be Rationed
Before Feb. |
OPA to Make Appeal
To Avert Run on
Grocery Stores
By ALFRED TOOMBS.

The rationing of all canned
goods has been decided on, 1t
was learned yesterday, and the
Office of Price Administration
hopes to get the program under
way sometime between January
20 and February l.
1t also is planned to include cer-
tain dried fruits and vegetables-as
we'll as frozen foods-in the ration
ing. In OPA orders these are
Jumped together as 'processed
foods"
No order will be issued halting
the sale of these goods in grocery
stores or other retail establishments
until about a week before the
Evening star., 1942-12-27

route to Tunis. Thus they brought
up reinforcements, counterattacked
and regained the lower heights
which the British had regained in
the initial onslaught.
The British guards launched
second attack and recovered the
same heights but were throwil back
a second time when the Germans
again brought fresh reinforcements
into the desperate fighting.
The British themselves then
brought up anothe" guards unit for
the final and most successful as
lSee AFRICA. Page k-3l
Evening star., 1942-12-27
D. c. Fuel Oil Dealers to Get
Supplies to Fill Ration Needs
Removal Of Restriction Will Enable Them
To Serve Newcomers; ComoIier Gets on Job

permitted to obtain as much oil
as they have rationing coupons to
cover. This will enable dealers to
take on new customers and will
provide fuel oil for the newcomer
in Washington who had no regular
dealer to look out for him in the
present emergency.
An official release giving full de-
tails of this latest action to relieve
the fuel Oil situation in Washing
ton, it was indicated, will be issued
by the Petroleum Administrator for
War within the next day or two.
The change in regulations, which
has the virtual effect of pooling
the entire local oil supply, came
tSee FUEL OIL, Page A-8)
Evening star., 1942-12-27
Treasury Holds Up
Its Daily Statement
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
The daily Treasury statement
failed to appear on schedule yes.
terday for the first time in several
years. Treasury officials were re.
luctant to discuss the matter.
The statement due yesterday was
for Government business December
%. The Treasury said it would be
made public tomorrow along with
the statement for December "a.
Evening star., 1942-12-27

opposed Admiral Darlan's strange
arrival on the North African scene,
was to see Prime Minister Churchill
at lunch today presumably to dis
cuss the future role of his Or
ganization.
Those familiar with Gen. De
Gaulle's basic policies already had
predicted he would be willing to
cooperate fully with Gen. Giraud
in the event of the latter's selection.
Eisenhower Hurries Back.
The choice of Gen. Giraud came
after French military and political
leaders met yesterday following the
funeral of Admiral Darlan, who
fell under young assassin's bullets
Christmas eve.
The 22-year-old gunman, whose
identity still is being withheld for
military security reasons, was ex-
ecuted at dawn yesterday by a fir
ing squad after being condemned by
a French court-martial.
The assassin's mother is an Ital-
ian living in Italy, and he was Of
French nationality, a university stu
dent who studied in Paris. That
is all that has been disclosed.
1t. Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower
cut short his Christmas inspection
trip on the Tunisian front to return
to Algiers when he learned Admiral
Darlan had been killed. A quick
solution of resulting political prob
lens was vitality important for effec-
tive Allied military operations
against the Germans anchored in
Tunisia
The selection of Gen. Giraud thus
was regarded as fortunate. He is
respected in his homeland, the
colonies, and abroad for his fighting
qualities, and integrity. He is i'm
placably snti-German and not
motivated by any permanent politi-
cal ambitions. He is interested In
only one thing-the restoration of
France by French troops fighting
alongside their old allies.
Original Choice Of Allies.
Gen. Giraud was the original
choice of the Allied command for
the post he now holds, but the ap-
pearance of Admiral Darlan in AL
eisrs complicated the Allied political
calendar.
Attending the council meeting at
which Gen. Giraud was chosen were
Gen. Giraud, Gen. Auguste Nogues,
Governor OF French Morocco; Pierre
Boisson, Governor General Of
French West Africa, who recently
opened the important port of Dakar
to the Allies; Yves Chatel, Governor
of, Algeria. and Gen. Jean Marie
(See FRENCH, Page A-3)
Evening star., 1942-12-27

Wading through mud resulting
from 30 hours of nearly continuous
rainfall. the British infantrymen,
with artillery support, launched the
first attack along 1,200-yard 'front.'
age against strong German forces
holding commanding heights to the
left of the road, about six miles
northeast of Medjez-el-Bab at
Sis pm. Christmas eve.
The Nazis were determined to
retain these important positions,
which were the key in their defense
of the Tebourba area, and also were
important to retention Of the whole
Evening star., 1942-12-27
Fate of u Nuzi
Divisions Said
To Be Sealed
MAP on Page A-5J
BY HENRY c. CASSIDY,

MOSCOW, Sunday, Dec. 81
Russian troops have driven with
in los miles of Rostov in their
middle Don offensive, which has
taken a toll of 10000 Germans
in II days, and another Red
Army unit rolling southwest of
Stalingrad is nearing Kotelni-
kovski, the SovietS announced
early today in another special
communique.
The Russian Army newspaper Red
Star said this latter drive already
had sealed the fate of % German di-
visions pinned between the Don and
Volga Rivers before the ruined city
of Stalingrad.
BY announcing the capture of
Verkhnetarasov on the Moscow
RoStov railway and other towns
nearby, the Russians disclosed that
the Red Army was now 100 miles
behind the German siege army
trapped before Stalingrad Other
Soviet units are clearing the Don
River bend which is between Stall
ingrad and Rostov.
Since the Middle Don offensive
ground forward December l6 the
Russians said they had taken $4,000
prisoners and killed 10000 Ger
mans. These totals were reached by
the declared seizure of another $500
Nazis yesterday and the killing OF
5000 on the snowy Don steppes.
Offensive Entering Ukraine.
This Middle Don offensive also
was well west of the Moscow -Ros-
tov railway, entering the Ukraine
with the apparent aim of trying to
reach Kharkov, $50 miles beyond
the railway.
One arm of this offensive wheeled
southwark to bypass Millerovo and
take Verkhnetarasov, about mid
way between Millerovo and Ka-
mensk. East of the railway the
villages of Krivorozhe and Yefre-
movsko-Steponovsk were occupied
These two points are 18 and "a
miles southeast of Millerovo, SO the
latter point now is practically en-
circled.
The push southwest of Stalingrad,
also aimed at Rostov and the trap
ping Of the huge Nazi army stalled
deep inside the Caucasus, was with
in 20 miles of Kotelnikovski, key
railway point, after capturing Chile
kovo. Seven other villages were
taken in this forward surge after
a 13-day series of Nazi counter
attacks were broken by the Rus
slams in that sector.
The Russians said they gained
from nine to II miles yesterday in
their continuing middle Don often
sive that already has freed 812
populated places and retaken seven
large railway stations.
300 Planes Captured.
Illustrating the generalization of
German troops in this area the
Russians said the Red Army cap
tured 300 airplanes on Nazi air.
dromes and also seized a train carry
ing so more.
Since December 16, the commu-
nique said, the Russians had cap
tured the following: 351 planes, 17S
tanks, 1926 guns, $50 motars, 37(
machine guns. 500 anti-tank rifles
$4,000 rifles, 100000 rifle cartridges
l,500 motorcycles, 1.150 carts, Bic
stores of ammunition and provisions
920 railway cars and 81 locomotives
During the same period the Rus
slams said they destroyed 1T planes,
l72 tanks and 268 guns in this
single offensive squirt that has driver
(See RUSSIA, Page A-5D
Evening star., 1942-12-27
Earthquake in Colombo
Kills ;, Ruzes BUILDINGS

BY the Associated Press.
BARRANQU1LtA, Colombia, Dec.
26.-A slight earthquake was felt
here this morning and at other
places in Colombia.
Three persons were killed and
several injured at Cartagena where
many buildings collapsed. At Fuerte
Lorica, the public market, and sew
eral houses were destroyed and at
Sincelejo, Corozal, Gilman and Car
men, all In Bolivar Department,
churches collapsed.
No casualties or damage were re-
ported In Barranquilla.
Evening star., 1942-12-27

quent escape by submarine and
plane from Vichy France adequately
illustrate his daring and fortitude.
Gen. Giraud was still fighting
when the Germans captured him
(See GIRAUD, Page A-3.)
Evening star., 1942-12-27
Punjub Premier Dies

LAHORE, India. Dec. 26 tP.-Sir
sikandar Hyatt Khan, so, premier Of
tbs Punjab, died Of . heart attack
today.
Evening star., 1942-12-27
British Seize Portion of Heiqhts
Commanding Road to Tebourbo
Infantry and Artillery Fight Christmas Day
Bottle in Mud in Medjez-EI-Bob Area
BY the Associated Press.


ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN NORTH AFRICA Dec. 90
British in long Christmas battle drove the
vital lower heights commanding the road from
Tebourba but the still hold the
Evening star., 1942-12-27

tSee AFL, Page A-14.)
Evening star., 1942-12-27
Weather Forecast

from the United States Weather Bureau Report.
Not quite so cold today and tonight, with
gentle to moderate winds. Highest. Al.
at pm; 3S at $50 am; 40 at lo:3o p.m.
fuel oil consumption should be 40 Der cent
OF allotment for period ending January =
Evening star., 1942-12-27

(See RUSSIA, Page A-5D
Evening star., 1942-12-27

(See AFRICA, Page A-3D
Evening star., 1942-12-27

(See TALBOT, Page A-8D
Evening star., 1942-12-27

(See FRENCH, Page A-3o
Evening star., 1942-12-27

tsee ENLISTMENTS, Page A-l5D
Evening star., 1942-12-27

The Evening and Sunday Star u
delivered in the city and suburbs at
75c per month. The Night Final
Edition and Sunday Morning Star at
85c per month.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1942-11-14
ANALYzEs OBJECTIONS

The booklet lists and analyses
four basic objections which some
employers have raised to the en-
ployment of Negroes:
Cd Negroes Just Can't Do the
Work-"The Newport News Ship
building and Drydock Company en-
ployes more than 5000 Negroes as
machine operators outside machin-
lists, stage builders. ringers, boilers,
drillers, regulators, clippers, caulk-
ers. blacksmiths, and skilled, semi
skilled and unskilled workers in
dozen other categories.. When
the defense program was launch
ed, there had been sufficient en-
ployment of Negroes by American
industry to convince most people
that Negroes, as individuals and
when subjected to the usual pro-
cesses of training and selection,
can do any all types Of production
jobs"
co Negroes and Whites Just
Won't Work Together.-"The best
answer to this one Is a simple
truth: Negroes and Whites do
work together. They are working
together in plants like Ford, KEEL
sey Hayes, Murray Corporation,
and others-in plants like Bethle-
hem Shipbuilding and the Denver
Ordnance Plant-in the shipyards
Of Virginia and North Carolina
In the iron and coal fields of
Alabama-in all parts Of the
country"
CD The Unions Won't Let Us
Hire Negroes-'sLess than two
dozen of the more than 200 major
unions in this country have con-
stitutional bans against Negro
works. In many cases of union
discrimination the Government
has stepped in to get for Negroes
full membership or work permits.
An employer who meets union
resistance to his attempts to hire
Negroes may invoke the full sup
port of the Federal Government,
the President of the United
States, and the heads of both
major labor groups"
"a We're Only Interested in
Production. 1.-The employment Of
Negroes is O production factor. -.
Unless American industry uses
qualified Negro workers, and trains
thousands of additional Negroes,
just as We train white men and
women, we cannot have full pro-
duction."
Under the title, ssWhat You
Can Do About It." the pamphlet
lists seven steps which employers
can take to utilize fully the Negro
labor market:
"(D See to it that the fair
employment policy of your COM
pany Is in fact the policy of your
company's agents.
"(2) If you have union In your
plant, seek its help. A policy which
the workers help to make will
have their support.
"(3) Enlist the aid Of Negro
organizations and of the United
States Employment Service in
getting qualified Negro personnel.
These organizations are prepared
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1942-11-14

to help you get trained men.
40 AS you hire Negroes for
the factory, hire them also for
your offices. There are thousands
of capable Negro clerical workers.
"t5) When you consider the
employment of women, consider
Negro women also. Hundreds of
them are already employed in war
prOduction-we need the additional
thousands now available.
100 Enlist the cooperation of
your supervisory personnel and see
that they secure the cooperation
Of your workers.
"D Give Negroes in your plant
training opportunities equal to
those you give to white workers
Study should be give. to the 'cca'
supplies of Negro l'bor so as t.
devise programs for the training
and employment of workers in
capacities which will make them
most productive. These things cam
not be done overnight. They must
be anticipated and planned In
word, since such employment is
generally inevitable, steps should
be taken now to start it. Many
sound homogeneous realize this
and are acting accordingly. Their
numbers must be increased If we
are to meet our production goals"
President Roosevelt's Executive
Order 1902, reaf1rming a policy Of
full participation In the defense
program by all persons, regardless
OF race, creed, color or national
origin, is quoted on the back cover
of the pamphlet.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1942-11-14
Race Engineer
Continued from Page u

boys formerly stationed at Camr
Livingston, La, some days ago in
dicated that there were Negro
troops in Egypt even before the
grand assault made last Saturday
Negro soldiers are reported TO
have been used in the construc-
ton of the airfields which are 60
ing up in Liberia also and a
strong supposition has been that
Negro fliers might be stationed
there.
Great satisfaction is expressed
here because it is apparent that
Negro American soldiers are 60
ing to get a chance to play their
part in this war for total de-
nlocracv on the same basis as
their white comrades. There is a
lot of quiet confidence that the
black fighters will acquit them
selves well.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1942-11-14
Jackson College
Continued from Page II

ing drawers, and electrical outlets
for audio visual aids.
The third building and the 9th.
ers which will be built later will
serve for science and agriculture,
for home-making and for general
shop. These, too will be built to
accommodate adults and college
students. On walls, on tables and
In halls provision is made for the
display Of science and agricultural
discoveries and materials, and Of
articles made In homemaking,
shop and art classes. The science
building will include a photo
graphy room, plant laboratories,
storage cabinets, work benches,
filing cabinets, demonstration
tables and equipment for general
science SO that teachers may shift
from recitation to demonstration
and to individual laboratory work
according to the demands of the
problems being solved. Tables
will be equcpped for chemistry and
physics. The homemaking labora-
tireis will provide a certer for
parents and students to discuss
the home projects in cooking,
crafts, and social living which
they heve carried on in their
homes under the guidance of the
instructor. There will be a prac-
tice home too which will be always
in use by day students and adults
as well as by dormitory students.
In addition to the three build
ings described there will be ID a
community health center with a
capacity of about ten beds, 90
physical educational building, CO
a dining room and (4 several
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1942-11-14
SATURDAY, NOVEMBER Ia, 1874.

ether small buildings.
The third step of the building
program will include future build
lngs that will accommodate stu
dents and teachers. It will aso
include adequate farm and shop
facilities. The entire building
program will entail an expendi-
ture Of about 100000 and when
fully developed will accommodate
TOO students.
The development Of this program
Will have to wait until after the
end of the war. However, the
state Of Mississippi has already
set aside enough money together
with gifts by the Julius Rosen-
valid Fund and the General Educa-
ton Board to build one unit Of
the building program Application
has been made to the War Pro-
duction Board for permit the cree
ton Of this building. 1t has not
yet been acted upon.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1942-11-14
Large Crowd
Continued from Pare u

ing the shooting of the Cooiah
County jailer, by a Negro there
several days ago, when officers and
possess searching for the man en-.
tered the homes and took the guns
from a large number Of the Negro
families In the town and commun-
ity. Mrs. Bradley was In jackson
seeking the assistance of the Gov
erhor in getting back her gun
which was taken from her at the
time.
Following the speaking more
than so Of those present paid the
membership fee and became men,
bers of the organization.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1942-11-14
Organization of Victory Corps in
Negro High Schools

In letter, mailed to 1000 principals of Negro
alst in the Education of Negroes u s. Office of Educa
ton Federal Security Agency at Washington urge the
organization of Victory Corps in their institutions that
Negro students may have opportunity to participate
and shy'e in the effort.
Said DR.. Caliver:
"The Victory Corps offers every Negro high
school and every Nero student opportunity to
participate and share in the effort, the most
gigantic and urgent task this Nation has
dertaken am particularly glad of this opportuni-
ty, and respectively urge every principal and
teacher to give their students chance to make
their full contribution"
And further:
while must continue to combat race
and color prejudice and determinations in
present effort to save democracy we should keep
before us that the major issue of this war is
Freedom-not color. Where the latter have
been made to appear the main issue, they
used merely as smokescreen. When we win this
war and establish Freedom as the annating
principal of life the problems of race and color
which remain be attacked with greater assur-
ance than ever before of their ultimate solution"
With the type of warfare now being fought where
the ordinary private soldier must possess high degree
of technical knowledge compared to the soldiers the
past including those of the first World War with
emnence of the passage of the bill for the induction of
teenage youths INTO the army Negro parents vitality
interested in any e-mitary training available the
youth of the nation and will of be very much
cerned about the training offered by the Victory Corps
being made available in Negro High schools.
Locking the matter squarely in the face thus taking
realistic view of the situation in Mississippi it has
always been true that such matters concerning the Ne
of the state have been given proper consideration
although urgently requested by the authoritative Wash
ington office.
With respects to the operation of the Negro High
Schools in the state hope that Dr. Caver has not
looked the limited powers for independent action in the
possession OF the Negro High School principal and in so
doing is placing too great burden upon them in urging
that they the responsibility for the organization Of
the Victory Corps which, from every point view
be regarded vital part of the nations effort
Realizing the limited powers of the principals of Ne
gro High Schools, and the vital Importance of the organ
cation of the Victory Corps in the Negro High Schools
the state the Negro will express the hope
that this matter has also been brought to attention of
those having the and the responsibility for author
laxative action. -
With due consideration to the fact contained in the
above quoted remarks of Dr. Calver Tat the major issue
OF this war Is FREEDOM-not or color" little should
be lost in the organization of Victory Corus in the Negro
High Schools Of Mississippi.