davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-07-08
President-EIect Lopez

When DR.. Alfonso Pumarejo Lopez,
Colombia's distinguished statesman
and flnancier, first paid an official
visit to the United States in the
spring of 1884, he was, as he is now,
President t-elect of his country. The
parallel between that visit and the
one he now is making at the invita-
ton Of President Roosevelt can be
said to end there. The Western
Hemisphere then was at peace and
the menace of Hitlerism was yet to
be felt by the world. Today war has
come to the Americas. Colombia,
with 1000 miles of Pacific coastline
and 1,100 miles of Atlantic frontier
and situated close to that prime mill
tary objective of the Axis, the Pana-
ma Canal, is acutely aware of the
danger which confronts her and the
other American republics.
1t is because Of the common prob
lens which beset the United States
and Colombia that Mr.. Roosevelt in
vited DR.. Lopez to visit Washington
as a guest of the Government. He
comes at time when Axis Subma -
rines are operating extensively near
Colombia's shores. Recently six Co.
lombians, including a woman and
child, were killed by machine gun
bullets believed to have been fired by
a German U-boat during an attack
on schooner. There have been in
creasing cries in the press for a
declaration of war against the Axis.
Heavy responsibilities thus will weigh
upon him as he assumes the presi-
dency on August next
Dr. Lopez will be welcomed not only
as an old friend and former guest,
but as the representative of nation
which has proved its good neighbor-
illness in many ways. Colombia has
Joined with the other American re-
publics in the anti-Axis defense pro-
gram, has severed diplomatic rela-
tions with the Axis, has waged bat
ties with the fifth column and has
granted American armed forces use
of certain air bases in Colombia. How
much farther she is prepared to 60
naturally is a matter of keen interest
to us. What President-ele Lopez
learns during his stay here may have
an important bearing on Colombia S
future course. His visit thus should
have mutually beneficial results for
both countries.
Evening star., 1942-07-08
Official Makes Denial
OF an Article in The Star.

To the Editor Of The Star:
In the issue of your paper Of last Sum-
day an article appeared under the head
ing "Litvinov appears optimistic despite
reverses for the Allies" signed by Helen
Lombard.
The article deals with statements sup
posed to have been made by the Soviet
Ambassador, Maxim Litvinov, to some
officials"
I am authorized by Ambassador Litvi-
nov to declare that as far as he is con-
cerned there is not word of truth In
the above mentioned article. The Am
bassador has not expressed any views On
the present situation to any "of1cials. "
and the statements contained in the ar
ticle have absolutely nothing to do with
and do not in any way reflect the Am
bassador's views on the present situation.
The Ambassador will be grateful If you
publish this statement In the next num-
ber Of your paper.
VLADIMIR I. BAzYKIN,
First Secretary, Embassy
Of the U. S. S. r.
Evening star., 1942-07-08
Shameful Contrasts

Senator Chavez of New. Mexico.
with others, has been impressed by
the contrast between the proposal to
enlarge home rule" for Puerto Rico
and the absolute lack of representa-
tive government for the people OF the
Capital of the United States. In
approving the proposal for election
by Puerto Ricans of their Governor
now appointed by the President
Senator Chavez also placed himself
on record as favoring home rule" for
the District of Columbia.
Home rule for Washington most
appropriately would consist in the
recognition by Congress and the
people of the Nation of the right OF
Washingtonians to be represented in
their government and by vote to
choose their representatives and
their President. Their government
Is the Government of the United
States and under the Constitution it
is charged with the government OF
the District of Columbia. Whether
or not Congress might wish to change
the form of administering the gov
ernment of the District of Columbia,
the fundamentally important ele-
ment of home rule" for the citizens
of Washington is their right of repre-
sentation in the government of the
United States.
The times emphasize other striking
contrasts. All over the world Wash
ingtonians in uniform are fighting
to maintain the basic principles OF
democracy which govern our way OF
life. Yet in the Capital of the worlds
leading democracy, a democratic
form of government does not in
reality exist. Great efforts are being
made by the Government to enable
the soldiers to vote in the fall cleo
tions. Yet the soldier who comes
from the Capital of his Nation Is
singled out for denial of this privi-
lege. Great efforts are being made
by both political parties to see that
the temporary residents of Wash
ington who maintain voting rights
In the States will vote this fall. Yet
the permanent citizens of Washing
ton are ignored, for they have no
standing as voting citizens.
The continued existence OF such
contrasts is a shameful thing that
cannot be reconciled with true
Americanism.
Evening star., 1942-07-08
Handbook for Seumen

The war has added to and not
subtracted from the value and in
terest of the Seamen's Handbook for
Shore Leave, the seventh edition OF
which recently has been published
for sale at cost of manufacture by
the American Merchant Marine
Library Association, New York. AS
on previous occasions, this concise,
practical guide to the seapoEs of
the world" edited by Mrs. Henry
Howard is an intensely practical
little book. It first appeared in 1919
and since that time 1t has been, in
effect, an essential text for merchant
mariners. The present printing runs
to 348 pages of closely-se informa-
ton about 443 ports in 62 countries
and 46 islands It contains warn
ings about local conditions, cautions
concerning peculiarities of each port,
suggestions on how to stay
healthy, wealthy and wise in what
ever strange port traveller may find
his way; glossary OF common
words and phrases in French, Ger
man, Italian and Spanish with
phonetic spelling indispensable to
seamen In foreign ports; a listing
of currency OF every foreign country
and the United States equivalents;
a list of radio call stations for use in
emergencies at sea; data on Amer
lean consulates, seamen's homes,
agencies, unions and banks, inex-
pensive hotels, medical and dental
clinics, legal aid bureaus, libraries,
sights worth seeing, excursions,
amusements, laundries, restaurants,
etc, and q map of the world.
OF course, as william McFee, the
novelist, says in an introduction to
the handbook, such helpful informa-
ton is not "a substitute for common
sense, but it is an excellent accessory
to that virtue" The editors labor
has been not merely that OF a COM
piler. Instead, it is plain from even
a casual glance over random pages
that she is a pragmatic philosopher
with a genius for bringing together
what may be useful to a stranger
in a strange land. Mother wit, a
natural talent for discrimination
good will and gentle kindness char
acterize her achievement. One need
not be a mariner in Aalborg or In
Zungouldak to be grateful for 1t
Even a person who never has behelo
the vast expanse OF ocean is certain
to respond to this survey Of the
water highways and ports OF the
Evening star., 1942-07-08
Summer SoIstice

Nom are the hours ripe and hot
And golden as an apricot.
The grass once emerald in the ratn
Is ta,uny as lions name.
And little minds that used to be
Friendly Nth cooling sympathy,
No,D to the toiler only bring
An ache, hot as a hornets sting.
About the to,Dn, the city square
The dust is sitting everywhere
Till landmarks that tDe loUe seem lost
In clinging atoms like hoar frost.
Continually ,oapes OF sunlight mope
Westward, and frightening sha-
do1DS prove
Days ending, Uhile the stars attest
Mans need of home and ,Delcomed
rest
Until tomorro,rs gold hours bloom
Like candles In a yello,D room.
JOHN RICHARD MORELAND.
Evening star., 1942-07-08
Quotes From Book
BY Prophet" Of Present War.

To the Editor Of The Star:
In book entitled "The Aftermath of
Glory" published in 1884, James Henry
Rice, jr., made the following statements
which now appear to constitute pretty
good prophecy:
Another great war. in the opinion OF
the best informed critics of world affairs.
is due; some place it within 10 years.
though the time element is elusive. >
Obviously, 1t will be on colossal scale"
There will be change = for there
must be. and that change will be ushered
in with a dictator, and not benevolent
one such as the nation has now More
over. Hitler rather than Mussolini, will
be the type. That is not prophecy; it is
common sense, founded on the facts of
the case"
Among individuals, with rare excep-
tions, one sees men and women snatch
ing every advantage within their reach
and holding it fast. Sordid selfshness
Is the rule among men and women; it
has always been the rule This rule
holds with nations. The strong take and
hOld whenever they can. Recently
nation in the Far East has launched a
campaign of robbery and spoliation.
worthy of Timour, Jenghiz Khan or
Attila, while the world looks on with
complacency. thinking 1t none OF their
affair They are foredoomed to learn
better"
"Of all nations the United States
offers most to robber nation, we'll aware
how divided among themselves are the
people of America"
This author deals at some length with
the views of Bernard M. Baruch, COM
plimenting them and assuming that they
would be adopted when the next war
came. Unfortunately, in this particular
he was not so good a prophet as the
above quotations indicate.
w. L. McATEE.
Evening star., 1942-07-08
Opposes General Sales Tax
As Wartime Expedient.
TO the Editor Of The Star

To the Editor Of The Star:
Through the columns Of The Star
have followed with considerable interest
the deliberations of the Congressional
committee having in charge the franz
ing of tax legislation for the coming year,
and I have noted with some misgiving,
as an American family man with son
and other relatives in active service, a
persistent effort on the part of some
Congressman to foist upon the public
what is termed a general sales tax before
exhausting other available means OF
raising funds by taxation.
1t can be freely granted that before
this war period is ended a general sales
tax, probably more severe than is now
contemplated, will be an absolute ne
cessity, but hold that the time has not
yet arrived for such a measure, at least
not until a more intelligent reason Is
advanced than that it is the easiest way
to get at" the income Of the working
class. The psychological time for the
enactment of such tax would be In con-
junction with q provision limiting the
salary OF the downtrodden business
Evening star., 1942-07-08

Red Letter New Testament
All the words of the Saviour
are printed in red, and in ad-
dition there Is q mass OF sup
Elementary material, such as the
harmony of the gospels, the
Lords Prayer, great periods OF
Bible history, and a specially
prepared section giving the
names of trees. waters, noun
tains, musical instruments and
birds that are named in the
Bible-the longest book and
shortest verse and many other
interesting facts. This unusual
volume is printed on thin Bible
paper and bound in a flexible
black cover. To secure your copy
inclose 20 cents in coin wrapped
in this clipping and mail to The
Star Information Bureau.
Name
Address
Evening star., 1942-07-08
Argues for Second Front
To Shorten War.


To the Editor Of The Star:
There are some figures In public lie
who still say that we are not to take the
recent Allied understanding about sec
ond front as promise that the second
front will be opened this year. Almost
invariably these gentlemen have been
of the super-cautious school who before
Munich sold their people the don't get
Hitler mad" attitude. We know now to
our bitter regret how this attitude fed
the appetite of the Fascists and led the
world into the disaster of Munich. Have
we not yet done with them and their
disaster through caution mentality?
Do we not yet realize the hard truth in
the axiom, nothing ventured, nothing
gained?
German military literature of the past
few generations demonstrates that their
military leaders have had nightmare
which constantly haunted them the two
front war. Their theorists have asso-
ciated two fronts with military disaster.
Despite this, there are the doubters and
the hesitants who say we should not at
tack until sure of victory.
The writer of this firmly believes that
the surest way to minimize the blood
shed, shorten the suffering and bring
about a decisive victory is to open a
second front now. JOHN @. PUBLIC.
Evening star., 1942-07-08
Prefers Macarthur
As Generalissimo Of United Nations.

As Generaiissimo Of United Nations.
To the Editor OF The Star:
was amazed at the article on United
Nations leadership by Maj. George Field
ing Eliot, published in The Star Of June
%, in which the commentator urges the
immediate appointment OF President
Roosevelt as generalissimo Of the United
Nations, claiming that he should take
charge of the war to carry 1t through
to victory, stating that there is no other
way and that Mr.. Roosevelt is the only
man fitted for that job.
do not believe that the majority OF
the taxpaying. producing, thinking patri-
otic people in America agree in any
manner with his position in this matter.
We still have trained military men and
these should be in charge. The Allied
strategy is now and has been hampered
by too much dominance by unframed
men. Where are our Marshalls, our
Stilwells, and our undaunted Douglas
MacArthurs? II such man as the last
named could become generalissimo OF
the united forces new hope, new spirit
and new confidence would be engen-
dered In "a hours.
OSCAR WILKINSON.
Evening star., 1942-07-08

@. Has Gen. Macarthur any superior
officers?-G. o.
A. The War Department says that
Gen. George C. Marshall, Chief OF Stan
of the Army, is superior In authority 70
Gen. Douglas Macarthur.
n How hiph was New York's first
skyscraper?-W. w.
A. The Flatiron Building the nrst
skyscraper in New York City, is Il
stories high.
O. Do wrens return to their previous
nests with the same mates each Year,
P. K.
A. number of wrens on farm near
Cleveland were trapped and banded 10
study their marriage relations. II was
found that the adults separated a1ter
raising each brood and sought new mates
An accurate record from the present
stock to the third generation showed an
amazing mix x-up of uncles, aunts, cousins.
brothers and sisters. 1t was noted tnat
wrens NAV flirt. Sometimes pair Will
start to build a nest and separate after
day or two.
O. What is the average age OF MEM
hers of the New York Stock Exchanged
r. M. B.
A. The Wall Street Journal says that
as OF January l. 1912, the average age
of members was 48 years.
@. In using red, white and blue rib
bon for decoration, which color should
be at the top?-L. M. M.
A. The United States Flag Associa-
ton says that the blue stripe should be
at the top.
@ How soon after receiving q we'd
ding invitation should gift be sent?-
s. P.
A. It is correct to send wedding gift
to the bride Immediately upon receipt
of the wedding invitation.
@. When did railroad train nrst
attain a speed of 100 miles an hour IN
this country?-S. A.
A Locomotive 999, pulling the Empire
State Express. attained a speed OF ll21a
miles an hour on the level track west
of Batavia, N. Y. The date was May
10, 1893.
O. Who wrote the words of the patri-
otto hymn, "America"?-C. G. M.
A. The words were written by the
Rev, Samuel F. Smith, and were first
used in 1881 at a childrens Fourtn OF
July celebration in Boston.
@. What church has q number OF
paintings by the famous artist George
Innes, jr.?-M. M.
A. In the Church of the Good Shep-
herd (UniversalisD at Tarpon Springs,
Fla, there are 10 religious paintings by
the late George Inness, jr., inspired by
the beauties Of the vicinity.
@. Who were the Fratres Pontis7-
c. B. B.
A. Fratres Points, or Brothers OF the
Bridge, was an order of Benedictine
monks. A large number Of European
bridges including the famous one at
Avignon are believed to have been
erected by it's members.
@, What is the area included In Tide
water Virginia?-H. D. S.
A. Tidewater Virginia consists OF four
peninsulas averaging TO miles in length.
One of them is the Eastern Shore which
juts down from Maryland between the
Atlantic Ocean and Chesapeake Bay ard
consists of Accomac and Northampton
Counties The three other peninsulas
are formed by the Potomac. Rappahan-
mock, York and James Rivers.
Evening star., 1942-07-08
Hoskin's Answers
To Questions
Bu Frederic J. Hdskin.

reader can get the unstoer TO any
question OF fact By 1Drittng The Epe-
ming Star Information Bureau, Fred
eric J. Hdskin, director, Washington,
d. c. Please inclose stamp for return
postage.
@. How much news, in number OF
words, is sent out each day by the Asso-
ciated Press?-T. r. D.
A. The volume OF news distributed
each day by the Associated Press Is about
1000 900 words. That is more than any
one member newspaper can print.
@. What is the present composition
of the House of Representatives.
S. s.
A. The present lineup is 262 Demo-
Gratis, 1866 Republicans. Farmer-Laoor,
3 Progressives, / American Labor and 2
vacancies.
Evening star., 1942-07-08
Defends Britain
Against Critic of League

DefenQS BRITAIN
Against Critic of League
To the Editor Of The Star:
No one could dispute for moment
F. G. F.s support Of the truth Of Philip
Lightfoot Wormley Tvs contention that
1.-The American people never questioned
the ideals envisioned by the League" tof
Nations. The Americans probably are
the most Realistically minded of all peo-
pie. Yet they allowed their Government,
In the form OF a minority OF the Senate,
to obstruct their will in the matter Of
the League.
1t Is a modern fashion with most OF
us to blame politicians for the evil Situa-
ton In which we find ourselves, and to
forget that we, the people, put the politi-
clans where they are. The American
people, however idealistic, cannot escape
responsibility for staying out OF the
League. And a League Of Nations with
out the United States is like Shakes
peare's Hamlet without Hamlet; even
more so since the author OF the League
was a great American. In other words,
1t is merely an alliance of certain states
that necessarily will look after their
own interests first
No government has the right to act
unselishly against the interests OF its
people. On what occasion did any gov
ernment ever do so? Governments will
not be able to act in the common interest
of all nations as distinct from their
own until we have working society
of states.
Another statement Of F. G. F. calls
| for comment. When he says Zone must
be fair since France did not receive
armed support from its ally across the
Channel in time to thwart the enemy
from the west" (surely, "east'D he no
doubt inadvertently is repeating what
was common Axis propaganda at the
time. He certainly is being much less
than fair to England.
France had been at war nine months,
sheltering behind the Maginot Line,
when she fell. Yet during that time
England, at great risk to herself, had
sent France practically every trained
soldier she possessed F. G. F. may recall
that some 100000 British escaped from
Dunkerque. This was nearly three times
the number OF the pre-war standing army
in England and considerably more than
England had undertaken to send.
PETER SIMPLE.
Evening star., 1942-07-08

globe. 1t Is worthy OF mention that
the harbors of Axis countries are in
cluded in the listings-in anticipa-
ton of the day when peace again
shall prevail.
Evening star., 1942-07-08
Letters to the Editor

Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address of
the 1Uriter, although the use OF
a pSeudonym for publication is
permissible. The Star reserDes
the right to edit all letters Uith
a Die1D to condensation.
Evening star., 1942-07-08

The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to
the use for republication of all news dispatches
credited to it or not otherwise credited in this
paper and alss the local news published herein.
All rights of publication of special dispatches
herein also reserved.
Evening star., 1942-07-08

man to $25 600, which believe was sug-
gested by the Treasury Department. The
average American will pay willingly, but
he does not like to be the goat
JAMES r. BOGAN.
Evening star., 1942-07-08
Member of the Associated Press.

Entered as second class matter post ONCE.
WashinGton.e D. c.
Evening star., 1942-07-08

@. How high was New Yorks nrs1
skyscraper?-W. w.
A The Flatiron Building, the first
skyscraper in New York City, Is Il
stories high.
The Southern Jewish weekly. [volume] (Jacksonville, Fla.) 1939-1992, 1942-06-12

Every observer Of Jewish life in
the United States must have not
ed a remarkable trend IN recent
times. In my own experience, L
would Judge the trend to be COM
pletely novel in the history of the
last twenty or thirty years.
1 refer to the awakening, a.
mong a section of the Jewish COM
munity, to the errors and short
sightedness of its leaders. L
would say quite categorically that
in the last fifty years of Ameri-
can-Jewish life of which l can
speak there has never been so
strong an expression of dissatis-
faction with men of affairs and
persons of influence in the Jewish
community as exists today. The
direction of public opinion might
even be described as a peoples
revolution"
One of the forms of dissatisfac-
ton found expression among the
upper middle-class group, among
the larger givers to all types of
Jewish drives, including those of
domestic interest, those for over
seas purposes and those for Pal
estine. The criticism and reproof
found a channel through the
Council of Jewish Federations and
Welfare Funds, whose greatest
development occurred during the
last five or six years, with the
inclusion of scores of cities which
had formed Welfare Funds during
the period. The dissatisfaction
with national leadership first finds
expression in the local Welfare
Funds or Jewish Community
Councils and is then relayed to
the Council.
But it cannot be assumed that
bigger givers are the only ones to
indicate their Impotence. The
general public has also showed its
restlessness. There may not be
many occasions during the year
when the average American Jew
gets a chance to register his dis
pleasure in public forum, but he
criticises privately or else conveys
his views quite vigorously in let
tiers to Jewish newspapers.