davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-02-15
Ocean Fronts

Inc 1nSOlently Caring escape Oh pow.
erful German naval squadron-led by
the 26,000-ton bsttleships Scharnhorst
and Gneisenau and the cruiser Prinz
Eugen-from Brest to Helgoland by way
of the English Channel-startled 1.-The
United Nations.
Repeatedly bombed 10 times and pre-
sumably kept in state of perpetual
semidestruction as they spent months in
dock at Brest, the three vessels, a flotilla
of smaller warships and constantly
changing protecting screen of fighting
aircraft had slipped out OF port on
Wednesday night. 1t was nearly noon
on Thursday when they were discovered
by Spitfire patrols, foaming their way
directly into the narrow Dover Straits
which were thought to be dominated by
British guns. Blanketed in snow and
sleet and guarded we'll by constantly re-
freshed squadrons Of planes coming out
from French shore bases, the three pow
erful warships were well in the clear by
Thursday night and were reported at
Helgoland, North Sea NaA base, at the
weeks end.
Although all available British bomber,
torpedo and fighter planes were sent
roaring into the Channel
Futile battle after belated discov-
Attack cry of the enemy. no positive
claims were made even OF
damaging hits on the Na1is.
Admitting loss OF AZ planes, British
authorities likewise acknowledged dam
age to one or more destroyers and made
no explanation of why heavier naval
units were not even available for the
engagement. Berlin admitted the loss
of seven planes, London claimed this
figure should be 18.
mo German fleet ever sailed through
the straits of the Channel in the last
war" the British press complained saw
agely. Indeed no enemy fleet has dared
to do it for more than century. The
sea was ours"
mo doubt we shall be given the usual
soothing explanations but the mis-
calculations have piled up too ominously
to be dismissed with flourish Of words"
Thus did Britain react to another fall
ure
That this episode might have the
gravest consequences for the United
Nations is easy to see.
At least one and probably two or three
German battleships Of the Bismarck
type, some air carrier strength, and q
material number of smaller fighting ships
are available to join these three refugee
vessels and their escort squadron in
sizable Nazi Navy.
# 1t should be German strategy to
move this fleet intact into the North Sea
for possible battle with
Atlontic the British, the odds
Menoced would not greatly favor
depleted and not i'm
pressively potent British Navy. Even at
great risk, the gamble would be an at
tractive one to Nazi strategists-with
possible crippling Of British sea might
and unprecedented lure of ravaging the
Atlantic supply lines Of the United Ma
tions, or even Of bringing naval war
openly to Western Hemisphere waters.
From this almost solid array of gloom
written q realism rather than pessi-
mism or defeatism-there came belatedly
on Thursday night report Of victorious
Evening star., 1942-02-15

It is one of the ironies Of this war
that Japanese planes and ships Wnlcn
are attacking the United States and Its
Allies we're built-at least In part-and
are being operated with materials OBJ
tanned chiefly from the United States
during the last three years.
It Is ironical. too, that the reduced
forces of Field Marshal Erwin Rommel
have been able to take the offensive IN
tibya and push the British back with
gasoline and oil also supplied by the
United States.
Between the end of March and the
first of September last year the State
Department issued licenses permitting
the export OF gasoline and oil to Casa
blanca, the principal Moroccan port on
the west coast of Africa. About $4,000
tons of gasoline and oil were taken on
board three vessels: The Frimare, the
Scheherezade and the Lorraine.
The matter did not receive much pub
licity at the time, but when 1t leaked
out and the State Department was ques-
toned about the advisability OF sendlng
large quantities of essential war supplies
TO a French protectorate, the Official
answer was that they were intended Tor
municipal services and not war purposes.
Another Explanation Given.
The oft-the-record explanation was
that Gen. Maxine Weygand, V1chys
former proconsul in North Africa, wanted
these materials and it would have been
Door policy to refuse the generals earnest
request. 1t was hinted that the time
might come when American gasoline and
oil would be used in French tanks ana
airplanes to fight the Nazis, If the British
could launch another offensive and push
the Axis forces to the Tunisian border.
Hush -hushers' in prominent Govern
ment positions indicated that Gen. Wey-
eand was not in sympathy with the
Nazis, nor for that matter with the
policies Of his own government. In any
event, it was whispered, even If he did
mt join the Allies, he certainly would
oppose any attempt by the Axis to enter
North Africa and the American fuel
sfipments would pay big political divi-
dends at the right moment.
Gen. Weygand was removed from COM
rnand soon after the American gasoline
and oil had been safely stored away IN
Casablanca and other points close to
railroads and highways connecting with
Tinisia. British and Imperial forces
began their second offensive last fall
and rolled the Nazi forces under Marshal
Rommel far back into Tripolitania.
Gen. Auchinleck, the Australian COM
mander, proved himself to be far more
eficient strategist than his predecessor,
Gen. Sir Archibald P. Wavell He pushed
the Germans hard and succeeded, ac-
cording to reports from Cairo. In driving
behind Marshal Rommel's lines and de-
stroying much Of his stores Of oil and
Evening star., 1942-02-15

tory. There is a general feeling of con-
fidence by the United Nations that the
grandiose scheme of Jap-Nazi military
junction will fail but at the same time
there is general apprehension that
Japan shortly may be in a position to
render direct assistance to the Nazis
A Broad Highway.
The Indian Ocean, which is almost
British lake, is the broad highway over
which travel goods of war bound from
America, and in some part from Eng
land, for the imperial forces in the
Middle East. Japanese naval vessels in
the ocean could harry the ships carrying
material for the British Nile armies.
Germany then would be strengthened in
the Middle East because opposition to
Germany would be weakened.
The Indian Ocean also is the broad
highway for American-made goods des-
tined for entry into China over the
Burma road. If the United Nations
forces opposing the japanese advance in
Burma halt the Japs where they are to-
day and keep them permanently out Of
control Of the Burma road, the jap
anese nevertheless would be able to
weaken China by halting ships on the
Indian Ocean with China-b bound cargoes.
Another advantage for Japan in gain
ing naval strength in the Indian Ocean
would be that India itself would become
of small use to the United Nations. IN
dia today is q considerable arsenal, the
center Of the Eastern Supply Council,
furnishing certain necessary goods Of
war to the imperial forces in the Mid
die East, where Indian troops are num-
bered among the British opponents Of the
Nazis India's war produce goes to Egypt
by ship. Japan blockading India would
not permit all ships to get by.
So the Indian Ocean, far from the or
binary ken Of the United States, becomes
in prospect possible naval front of vital
Importance to America and the Allies.
The Indian Ocean is safe at the moment
because the Allies hold the Indies, and
the doors into the Indian Ocean are domi-
mated by the Indies-Malacca Strait, be-
tween Sumatra and Malay, and Soenda
Strait, between Sumatra and Java.
Will Malacca and Soenda become
watery verduns of this war? VIII they be
points where the Allies viii cry They
shall not passl" while they pit the navies
and air strength Of the United Nations
against the japanese cir and navy power
Evening star., 1942-02-15

Owen baltimore, American political ed
wiser to Chang Kai-shek, remarked this
week that China is now closer to victory
than ever before.
But the Chinese approach to victory
can be seriously jeopardized by the de-
veloping pattern of this war on another
adjacent front-that of Burma-where
British authorities again are responsible
for defensive strategy and operations.
1t was months ago that Japan moved
into French 1ndo-China and hardly a
few weeks later that the Nips took over
Thailand, bang up against Burma.
With Malaga quickly under the heel,
Jap columns occupied with customary
Evening star., 1942-02-15
Wingo
Continued From Page BID

long been plugging their partly Malayan
origin In their Far Eastern propaganda.
President Quezon has Spanish blood
and Vice President Osmena has Chinese.
Resident Commissioner Joaquin M. Eli
zalde. the Commonwealth governments
representative in Washington, who re-
Gently took his oath of Office as member
without portfolio) to Quezons cabinet,
is Of pure Spanish descent.
Quezon appointed Elizalde to his cabi-
net shortly before the outbreak of the
Japanese-American war in recognition
Of the commissioners services toward
better American-Philippine relations and
understanding. Elizalde's taking the
oath Of ONCE IN Quezon's cabinet, many
ex-members Of which reportedly have
gone over TO the enemy, was apparently
an act Of faith-faith Ia eventual ~
demption Of the Philippines.
Evening star., 1942-02-15

ease the narrow strip of Burma along
the Bay of Bengal and it was more than
ever obvious month ago that there
would be a serious enemy drive at the
Burma road. In the preliminary stages
Of this threat, the major defensive opera
tions under British command consisted
of daredevil and effective aerial fighting
by small American volunteer air squad
ron and a small unit of the r. A. F.
Moulmein. where the dawn comes up
like thunder and which is near Ran
COON, went down like the sunset as
totally inadequate British forces moved
across the Salween river for another
stand. At several points, Jap troops
have crossed this defense line In the
past 10 days and although latest British
communiques claimed repulse OF the in
vaders at Martaban, key town, there was
little announcement for hopes that Ran
COON and the southern terminus of the
Burma road would either be held or be
sheltered enough to be of supply value
for long.
Seasoned Chinese troops, repeatedly
declined with thanks by British authori-
ties two months ago. moved
Chinese into defense stations along
Alarmed the road during the past
week and in the potential
aid from this quarter rests most OF the
hope of holding of the Japs.
That realistic Chang Kai-shek recog-
nf limited
Nations position in this Asiatic corner
was indicated last week by his trip to
New Delhi for consultation with Gen.
Sir Archibald Wavell, supreme COM
mander for the Southwest Pacific, and
with Indian authorities. Most signifl-
cantly, the latter were brought into full
consultation in these strategy conversa-
tions, marking both an unprecedented
concession of their importance by British
officials and an unprecedented closeness
of relations between the Indian and Chi
nese governments.
A full-fedged Jap drive across Burma
and into India, not remote possibility
would constitute not only a further
break through, but conceivably could re-
suit in liaison with German forces II
they scored comparable successes in the
anticipated Middle Eastern offensive via
Syria and Iraq. Axis achievements IN
the past remove all of this from the
realm of the unbelievable.
So the Chungking government, not
outranked by any of the Big -Four as
far as its fighting accomplishments are
measured, has legitimate reasons for
viewing with some concern the prospects
for success of Jap fianking strategy.
Evening star., 1942-02-15

tling for control of these Far Northern
ocean lanes, both to keep them clear
for their own uses and to block Nazi ef-
forts to move men or material into the
Finnish front, Russian authorities were
concerned with another spectacular Axis
achievement of the past week-again one
for which the British must assume prin-
cipal responsibility as they must also
assume in this case principal risk.
Evening star., 1942-02-15

When Japan attacked the United
States last December Z, the little yellow
subjects of God-Emperor Hirohito were
believed securely bound within an area
encircled by Russian, Chinese, Dutch,
British and American arms and inf1u-
ences. On guard, we believed fatuously,
were mighty British and American fleet
and air units.
Safely outside that encircled area, we
thought, were the rich. rubber resources
of Malaga, the rich oil resources OF
Borneo and the Dutch East Indies, and
only relatively less valued natural riches
OF the Philippines. For ell of these to
fall into Axis hands would In itself con-
stitute ak-through-a new lease on
life for the oil and rubber devouring
Japanese war machine.
They are almost fully in japanese
hands today.
Many factors have contributed to this
japanese success to date, but none so
much as British and Amer
Allied ican derenctions-the fall
Failures ure of American fleet and
air units to be on the alert
at Pearl Harbor the failure of the Brit
ish to give air protection to their South
west Pacific fleet, costing them the
Prince of Wales and the Repulse, and
the failure to plan or construct any sub
stantial Malayan defenses.
The American failure, resulting in al
most complete immobilization OF our
Pacific Fleet for eight weeks, was re-
sponsible for isolation of Gen. Douglas
Macarthur and his little army, still hold
ing on in the Philippines. Free move
ment of Jap naval squadrons and trans
ports to the Philippines was Immediately
safe.
The first British failure, signif1ed by
loss of the two big fighting ships, COM
pleted the opening of the China Sea to
Japanese naval operations, leaving an
open sea road to Malaga and Borneo.
But all of this was 10 weeks ago.
Immediately there was sound and fury
In Washington and London as words ana
dollar bills were hurled at the treach-
erous Japs for daring to attack two such
traditionally mighty nations. Hong Kong
fell and the Philippines were reduced to
their present inspirational defense IN
short order, but there was confidence
that Malaga and Singapore would be
too tough.
Evening star., 1942-02-15
Americas Tenth Week of War
H28th Week of World War III
By John C.. Henry.

that
realistic about the
that disturbing degree of compacency still exists
nothing today justify
pacency-eithe the British people
President Minister Churchill by single ndi
Nations heart
the British American segment OF tn
the antAxs fronar
a which they not win thi
t all Indeed they could lose
conference Tuesday that tn
Nations is prevent break-through
striking power Is put 10 pont
overwhelming superiority thus enabling to take the offensive
world its most valued resources shows the logic
superficial review OF what has nap
particularly IN the past SIX days. sno"
what fragile thread still within power
Evening star., 1942-10-24
| Murphy Heads
Appraisal Group
|Of Realty Board

Claude Livingston, president of
the Washington Real Estate Board,
has announced membership of the
Appraisal Committee for the coming
year, with Francis A. Murray, H. G..
Smithy Co., as chairman.
Realty members include L. H.
Brodie, G. Calvert Bowie, Morris
Cafritz, Harvey L. Jones, Thornton
w. Owen and William M Throck-
morton.
The following associate members
were named: Thomas K. Miller,
Rhesa Norris, N. G. Frederick and
Lansing Walk.
Since 1916 the board has assisted
private owners, banks, trust COM
panies, trustees and executors in
the appraising of properties valued
at more than $125 1884 900, Mr.. Liv-
ingston said.
Evening star., 1942-10-24
St. Mary's Hotel Is Sold
To'K. B. AbeI| MANAGER

st. Mary's Hotel in Leonardtown,
Md, well-known to Washington va
cationists and fishermen, has been
sold to Kennedy B. Abel, manager
of the establishment for the last
two years, by Alfred Lisenby, Phila-
delphia attorney, 1t was announced
this week. Sale price was not dis
closed.
Located on washington street in
Leonardtown, the large, rambling
frame hotel has 43 rooms and is
three stories high. Built before the
first World War, it is located on the
site of the old Moore's Hotel.
Other nearby Maryland real estate
transfers include the purchase BY
Mr. and Mrs. j. Joseph Lorence of a
15-acre tract from the estate of John
H. Smith, near La Plata. Mai.
Colon B. Harris, U. S. A., retired,
and Mrs. Harris have bought Elton
Hills, near La Plata. G. F. Hardesty
Of Newburg, Md, has purchased the
Mary E. Wise farm in Charles
County.
Evening star., 1942-10-24

(See LEAGUE. Page B-3.y
Evening star., 1942-10-24
City Leads U. 5.
In Construction
For 9 Months
Value for Period
Totals $82, 2,937,650,
Labor Bureau Says

Washington again led the Nation
In the value of building permits
issued, according to reports re-
leased today by the Labor Depart
ment from 125 cities for the first
nine months of the year.
For the last several months the
city has been leading in construc-
ton work, according to the reports,
aside from certain defense projects
which have been classified as mill
tary secrets. The nine-month
tabulation shows permit valua-
tion of S82, ,937 $50, as compared with
S55 ,668,905 for the same period last
year.
Ranking next to Washington was
Chicago with report of s75,5O7,618
in permits as compared with SSH
829 ,292 for the same period last year.
Los Angeles was third with the COM
parative figures of $74.931 $40 for
this year and $90,041 ,538 last year.
In fourth place was New York City.
which registered more than a $780,
100000 drop from last year, the
comparative figures being 500, ,497,-
TIA and $175,515,410 in permit valua-
tons.
D. G. Total Is S50S, ,425.
Locally this week the permits
issued by the District building in
spector amounted to $508,425; a
considerable drop from last weeks
figure, but on a near par with two
weeks ago.
More than half this amount,
100000, was for Meadowbrook, Inc,
1o3 East-West Highway, Chevy
Chase, owner and builder. for the
erection of three three-story brick
and cinder block apartments of 78
units in the 2700 block of Ordway
street NV. Kirkhuff e. Bagley,
101 East-West Highway, was listed
as designer.
In the Labor Department recapit-
ulation for September are listed a
number Of projects for the Metro
politan Area. These include con-
tract awards of $2,367 900 for dorni-
tories and 100000 for 204 dwelling
units in the District. as well as $4,-
268,000 for dormitories in Arling-
ton County, Va.
The September listing also shows
(See PERMITS, Page BID
Evening star., 1942-10-24
War Agency Heads
To Address Meetinu
Of Loan League
Many From Woshinet ton
Planning to, Attend
Chicago Conference

Key officials of the Governments
war agencies will address the war
conference" November 1913 of the
United States Savings and Loan
League in Chicago. Among them
will be rent control, manpower war
housing and war bond heads.
The program includes discussion
OF management problems in wartime
and what league members can do
to assist the Government. Repre-
sentative Lanham, chairman of the
House Public Building and Grounds
Committee, will discuss housing
during the war and after, it was an
nounced today on completion of the
list of guest speakers. -, t- ,.,s4 -.
A number Of Washingtonians now
are making plans to attend the con-
ference which takes the place of the
annual convention. {C.s ..z.i-t,,
Lending problems of savings,
building and loan associations will
be discussed by managers of insti-
tutions from coast to coast headed
by Fred T. Greene. president Of the
(See LEAGUE, Page BID
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-04-12
Set Educational
Here

The Michigan Corporation and
Securities Commission and the
University of Michigan Extension
Service will conduct an educatiOna
conference Thursday evening. April
30. in the auditorium Of tho Horace
II. RaCkham Educational Memorial
at Woodward and FarnSworth
avenues, Howard NJ. Warner
commissioner of the corporation
and securities commission an
-rounCCd Saturday.
Warner said tho educational
conference will be held primarily
for the benefit of the real estate
brokers in the metropolitan area
Speakers include Arthur + Bias
sett. vice president Of the Detroit
Trust Company. and former prcSl-
dent of the Michigan Real Estate
Association. and James +. Atkin-
son, president Of the Detroit ReaI
Estate Board.
Bassett will speak on when Has
a Real Estate Broker Earned His
Commission ?" while Atkinson
topic is Proper Ethical Conduct
of a Real Estate Broker"
Warner said the speeches would
be followed by a question and
answer period.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-04-12
Picked Finish
Easy 10 Obtain

A picked finish can be produced
on yellow pine by rubbing in a
coat Of rather thin white oil paint.
After the paint IS dry. the surface
is sanded and given coat of flat
varnish. When this is dry, either
paste or liquid wax is applied. For
a gray effect. gray paint IS uSec
instead of white. If the wood Is
open-grain in character. a white
filler can be applied. When the
surplus filler is wiped off, the
filled part will show up white.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-04-12
ALI Building
Not Stopped
By WPB
McLees lnterprets
Federal Regulation

The War Production Board
order last week calling a halt "a
non-eSSential construction is not 2
stop building decree, nor does II
freeze dealer inventories IN the
ordinary sense of these words.
Howard McLeeS. manager OF the
Detroit District Retail Lumber
Dealers Association. Saturday In
formed association members.
The WPB order was promul-
gated 10 prevent the start of al
construction which is not essen
tial. directly or indirectly. TO the
successful prosecution of the war
and which involves the utilization
of labor, material or construction
plant urgently needed in the wal
effort
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-04-12

Holden SAID that II plans OF the wal
Production Board materialze there will be-
sufficient work this year and next TO en-
ploy virtually all of the facilities and tech
nically competent people in the industry
provided the conversion TO war purpose.
is prompt and adequate
1.-THE building industry" he con-
tinued. els faced with its biggest Job. IT
must produce I'm 1912 Its greatest volume
of construction, produce the needed
structures I'm record time while beset
with shortages OF labor and vital ma
terlaIs.
'In addition, the industry must send
designers, builders, superintendent,
skilled workers and essential materials
across the seven seas 10 construct assem-
bly, plants. storage depots. air naval
bases. debarkation ports and canton
ments In all the other continents Of the
globe"
Joseph V McOullan conSultant ana
lyst Of the division of priorities WPB
reviewed the technical details OF priorit!
systems under various government build
ing programs,
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-04-12
.UNRA Sets
Rubber Program

a program on synthetic rubber.
together with a short film. Rubber
for Defense. Will be presented
next Thursday noon al the reGu-
lar weekly meeting OF the United
Northwestern Realty Association
at Fisher YMCA. Howard Smith
will be chairman Of the meeting.
Reports from the central office
Of the UNRA indicate that March
was tho most active sales month
for association members in more
than 10 years.
Harry s Twomey Of the Model
Realty Company 5000 FenkelI
avenue. has been admitted 10
UNRA membership, 1t was an
nounced Saturday.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-04-12
Permit Defense Homes

No change was made by tho
WIPE in existing regulations which
permit construction Of residences
costing up TO $4,000 in a defense
area. tDctroit has been desig
mated as n defense area How
ever, all critical materials mus
be covered by priorlties.
"This order has been In the
course Of construction for three
months" McLeeS said. Its
probable contents have been the
subject of the widest type of
rumor and the entire construc-
ton industry has been I'm a
state OF utmost uncertainty rs
to the course of its future
activities.
"You cannot begin cOnstruc-
ton Of structures without pri-
critics assistance on residential
buildings costing over $500
except for repair and mainte-
nance. You cannot begin con-
struction on agricultural
buildings costing over $1,000 for
each IL month period, or other
buildings Industrial, etc. cost
ing over $1,000 for each IL
month period.