davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-04-17

Spot cotton closed steady, l9 points
lower. Sales, 5,362- Low middIing. 1871;
middling; 20 OF good middlins, 20.46; re-
ceipts, 442; stock. 461 $40.
Evening star., 1942-04-17

Pack up your troubles in your old
kit bag-but don't waste wrapping
paper on them.
Evening star., 1942-03-22

Brazil is giving relief work to
men in building roads in drought
areas.
Evening star., 1942-03-22

|. More than mere territorial gain
lures Japanese forces to push into
Burma. Behind the site near Prone
where United Nations troops are
digging in is a rich oil region.
On both sides of the River IRA
waddy from Prone north to Man.
dalay are oil fields that produce
seven to ten million barrels OF crude
oil year. This Is less than one
half Of one per cent Of the annual
world supply but it is enough to
rank Burma fifteenth among oil
producing countries. Burmese crude
oil production In 1910 was about
equal to that of Germany and al
most triple that Of Japan.
There are fve large fields north
OF Prome-at Thayetmo, Minbu,
Yenangyaung, Singu and Yenangyat
each equipped with drilling de-
vices that can sink wells to 5000
feet. At Yenangyaung, on the IRA
waddy's east bank, over 5000 der
ricks dot the landscape. Oil flows
from the field through pipe lines
to refineries near Rangoon.
Burmese crude oil Is OF high
quality. 1t has been used for more
Evening star., 1942-03-22
Churchill, Curtin Texts
CobIeerom Telling Of Casey Shift
Reported Sent Before Broadcast

statement as reported here with
your telegram OF l4th. I have met
most fully conditions you there sug-
gested by telling Casey he should
do all that necessary and take what
ever time required to make DR..
Evatt thoroughly acquainted with
situation. I do not therefore under
stand tone and substance Of your
state:ent and I shall be forced to
quote your telegram to me above
mentioned unless in some way or
other you can clear up situation"
Mr.. Curtin to Mr.. Churchill
March 20:
Il told you in my telegram of 18th
we did not desire change at Wash
ington and if new man of equal
callber could secured it would take
time for him to establish himself
and therefore desirable that no ap-
proach be made to Casey at present
time. However, you persisted and in
your telegram March 13 explained
that while you in America you had
discussed with Casey his desire for
change and therefore had no doubt
he would welcome proposed appoint
ment. I took this as plain statement
you wanted Casey, and Casey was
eager. You suggested I could ask
Menzies to I'LL gap caused by Casey
leaving Washington. l should be
glad If you will quote all my tele-
grams on this matter and / shall
table yours Of 18th and 18th and
mine Of 18th and 14th with addition
OF my kilograms to Casey and his
to me. I may add that hours prior
to Casey cabling me from San Fran
cisco his acceptance your oner
B. B. c. announced 1t to Australia.
learn what my minister had done
from world at large. Finally I as
sure you that your personal part in
this matter is above reproach and I
nave no complaint whatever. You
said that matter personal to Casey.
l told Casey wishes of Australian
government to make no change, but
said we would not press him to re-
main In service Australia. He has
chosen-not you or us. Regards. +"
Mr.. Churchill to Mr.. Curtin
March 20:
Your telegram Of Goth. Course
you propose of laying kilograms
you mention will be quite salts.
factory to me provided you include
also mine Of 14th. I note from
press report of your summary Of
white paper that you are also in
cluding mine OF 18th and yours of
Goth. agree this. am much
obliged you for your last paragraph
in your telegram Of March 20. AS
soon as decision taken to make
statement Dominions secretary sent
you his telegram marked most I'm
mediate containing text. B. B. C..
announcement not made until 1918
u2:l3 PM British summer time
In Pacific empire service after my
announcement had been made to
Parliament at noon. Regards"
Mr.. Churchill to Mr.. Curtin
March Fl:
In view OF extensive summaries
our correspondence which been pub
lished IN Australia upon authority
OF government spokesman I have
found it necessary to publish COM
plete and actual text"
Evening star., 1942-03-22
Where They Are Fighting
(From the National Geographic SocietyJ

than two centuries. Early shallow
wells were dug by hand. Many OF
these wells are still in operation.
but large-scale production dates
from the first machine drilled deep
wells, completed in 1889. The In
dustry, In recent years, has en-
ployed more than 10000 men.
Evening star., 1942-03-22
Defense Health Clinic
To Hold Radio Forum

A forum discussion on the subject
After the War-What?" will fea-
ture the eighteenth national defense
health clinic in a Nationwide
broadcast at 3:45 o'clock this after
noon over Station VOL.
The clinic Is sponsored by the
Medical Society OF the District
Those scheduled to take part in the
forum include DR.. Elmer Louis Kay
ser, dean Of university students
George Washington University;
Charles w. Eliot, director Of the
National Resources Planning Board,
and DR.. Warren r. Draper, assist
ant surgeon general. United States
Public Health Service.
Postwar planning and democ-
racy versus regimentation are
among subjects scheduled to be dis
cussed during the forum.
Evening star., 1942-03-22

Uncle Sam can use this newspaper
when you've finished reading II.
Evening star., 1942-03-22
laps Massing Forces
IN Burma for Drive on
Shfened Allied Line
Crosswise Push Through
Sittone River Defenses
Believed Enemy Goal
~ thu A,sociatsd Prsss.

By the Associated Press.
MANDALAY, March 21.-Strong
japanese forces were reported
massed tonight for q crosswise
drive through the sittang River
defenses near Toungoo toward
the Irrawaddy, 80 miles to the
west. on the Burma flank where
Chinese troops Of the American
commander, 1t. Gen. Joseph w.
Stilwell, already have gone into
action.
Dispatches from the sittang
front, where the Chinese dealt their
first stin blow Thursday and yes
terday to the japanese near Pyu,
20 miles downriver from Toungoo,
indicated that this skirmish might
be the forerunner of the main fight.
These reports said the japanese
had nassed their main forces in
that sector for what might be their
big punch at the stinened Allied
front.
Thrusts made 20 far up the r.
rawaddy from the south were de-
scribed q only feeler skirmshes to
test the British defense zone guard
ing the way to Prone and the
Yenangyaung oil fields from that
direction.
japanese Thrust Repulsed.
The British announced today that
one such thrust which carried the
japanese into Letpadan. IS. miles
south Of Prone, had been repulsed
by 4 Gloucester infantry regiment
supported by tanks.
A comnnunique said 600 Japanese,
driven from the town, dispersed to
nearby villages and then were scat
tered back from these by the tanks
and infantry.
Guarding the British left flank,
Gen. stilwell's Chinese troops were
said to have destroyed three Japa-
nese armored cars and inflicted TOO
casualties on the Japanese in the
tight near Pyu.
The 5th Army, part Of Gen
Stilwell's command. itself is mech
anized to an extent unusual for the
Chinese, it was disclosed. This is
the army which defeated the jap
anese in the second battle for
Changsha in the campaign on their
home soil.
Gen. Stilwell is known to be high
ly pleased at his appointment by
Generalissimo Chang Kai-shek to
lead the 5th and 9Th Armies in
Burma.
He is a proponent Of hitting first
and hitting hard, an aggressive in
fantry expert who has learned to
swear or praise with equal pro-
ficiency In the ancient tongue Of
Confucius during nearly a decade
as United States Military Attache
in China.
A Royal Air Force communique
announced that British bombers
were keeping up their triphammer
blows back of the Japanese lines.
1t reported japanese landing
fields north OF Bessein pock Unmarked
by bomb holes in new raids, and
said fires were started in an attack
on Hmawbi.
The enemy twice raided a land
ing ground near one Of our towns
in Central Burma" the communique
said. There was no damage tc
r. A. r. personnel or property"
Evening star., 1942-03-22
British Prime Minister
DiscIoses Text Of Notes
In Row Over Casey
Mixup Of CobIe Held
Couse Of Churchill,
Curtin BIowup
~ thu AsSociatHd Press

By the Aod0clAted Press.
LONDON Sunday, March ~.
The empire family row over
the shift of Richard G.. Casey
from the post of Australian Min
lister at Washington to Britain's
inner war cabinet began with
Winston Churchill's insistance
on the move against the wishes
of Prime Minister John Curtin
of Australia and finally exploded
in a communications mixup, 1t
was disclosed officially today.
Curt exchanges between the two
Prime Ministers, made public at
No. 10 Downing street. showed that
Mr.. Curtin, already annoyed at Mr..
Churchill's insistance, was aroused
further because the announcement
OF the change came from London
before he himself knew about 1t.
Delay in Cable Hinted.
Il learn that my Minister had
done from the world at large" Mr..
Curtin complained in q cable to
Mr.. Churchill March 20. adding that
was hours before Mr. Casey himself
had cabled word of his acceptance
of the cabinet post Of Minister Of
State at Cairo.
But in a subsequent communica-
ton to Mr.. Curtin, Mr.. Churchill
explained that the information had
! been sent to the Australian Prime
Minister earlier in an urgent cable.
The Downing street announcement
didn't say so, but left the implica-
ton that communication had been
delayed.
In a final communication to Mr..
Churchill, the Australian onicial
gave assurances that your personal
part in this matter is above re-
proach and I have no complaint
whatever"
Menzies Is Suggested.
You said that the matter was
personal to Casey" he went on. II
told Casey wishes OF Australian gov
ernment to make no change, but
said we would not press him to
remain in service in Australia. He
has chosen-not you or us. Re-
CARDS"
In the earlier exchanges, after
Mr.. Curtin had "demurred" at Mr..
Casey's leaving Washington because
Of his value to Australia there. Mr..
Churchill suggested that Mr.. Casey
be replaced by Robert G. Menzies,
who headed an Australian coalition
government before Mr.. Curtin, q
Laborite, took over the government
leadership. Mr.. Churchill pointed
out that Mr.. Menzies had been
warmly received on a visit to the
United States.
Evening star., 1942-03-22
FroIic and Dinner 10 End
0ne.Act Play Tournament

The annual tournament frolic
and dinner. final event in the Dis
trict one-act play tournament spon-
sored by the Community Center
and Fairgrounds Department. will
be held at the Y. w. c. A., Seven
teenth and K streets NV. at $50
pm. tomorrow
Edmund J. Evans. chairman of
the 1912 Tournament Executive
Committee, will preside. Cash
prizes donated for winners of the
tournament by The Evening Star,
the Post and the Times-Herald will
be presented at the dinner.
Evening star., 1942-03-22
Talk on Virginia Slated
For Society Of Natives

Clarence A. Phillips Of the Car
negie Endowment for International
Peace will give an illustrated lecture
on "Old Virginia" at a meeting OF
the Society OF Natives Tuesday at
8 pm. at the Washington Club
Seventeenth and K streets NV. Re-
freshments will be served after the
business session.
Evening star., 1942-03-22
6. N. T.. Plans 10 Put
Maintenance Men in
Field With Army
Also Intends to Troin
Military Engineers to
Keep Up Equipment
BY the Associated Press.

| BY the Associated Press.
DETROIT, March Ala three
point program designed to help
keep the planes. tanks and guns OF
the United Nations at highest pos
sible fighting efficiency" was an
nounced today by General Motors
Corp.
The program contemplates the
training of thousands Of mechanics,
the placing Of General Motors
engineers in the field and assistance
to the Army and Navy in having
replacement parts on the spot when
needed
The training Of mechanics alone
calls for expenditures totaling not
less than $4,000 900 for the current
year. 1t will involve the training
of thousands of instructors in scores
of centers throughout the country
Old Rules Abandoned.
c. L. McCuen. vice president in
charge of engineering for General
Motors, in announcing the program
said:
I'VE feel 1t opens a new chapter
in the relationship of war contrac-
tors to their Government. In past
wars a contractors responsibility
ended when he turned in 1000
horses at quartemaster's depot.
But in today's war Of horsepower the
old rules no longer apply. Today
the three RS Of modern mechanised
battle are Reliability, Repair and
Replacement When we turn in
1000 horses to the Air Corps in
the form of an airplane engine, we
feel that's just the first part of our
job.
I'VE conceive it to be part of our
Job not only to build an airplane
engine. but to help train men to
operate and maintain that engine,
to find out through observation in
the field how we can build a better
engine and to see that spares are
on hand when requirements for any
part of that engine are needed"
Special STATS are being set up to
promote each Of the activities pro-
| RSSNo AAA StAS RAoe oAAA-
Train Army Instructors.
Some General Motors divisions,
such as Allison and Chevrolet, have
had schools for Army instructors
in operation for some time These
will be expanded and other divisions
will launch schools of their own.
Heads of the various General Mo-
tors divisions have been advised that
schools should get under way at
least 80 days before volume de-
liveries of any product reach the
field.
The plan for the engineering OBJ
server service calls for each manu-
featuring division Of the corpora
ton with products in the field to
set up its own engineer contracts.
In addition, the special stats Gre
ated under Mr.. McCuen's direction
will place one engineer observer in
each Army area and one in each
Of the major theaters of war.
The objective of the engineer OBJ
server service, General Motors ex-
planned, lis. to obtain field reaction
to our products, both here and over
seas, promptly and accurately"
A general program is being worked
for the maintenance of an ade-
quate flow of parts to the war fronts.
In this phase of the program as
with the engineer observer project,
General Motors overseas organiza-
ton is cooperating.
Evening star., 1942-03-22
.FIip Coin for Droft

BYNUM, N. C. (P,.-When Rufus
and John Hearne. deferred by the
Selective Service Board because OF
a dependent mother and brother,
were told that, under a reclassifica-
ton, only one of them would be de-
ferred, they Tipped coin. Rufus
is now keeping the home fires burn
ing and John is in the Army.
Evening star., 1942-03-22
Aids Peru's Flood Victims

The American Society Of Peru,
composed OF prominent Americans
in that country, have raised a large
sum for the relief Of the survivors
Of the recent disastrous food which
destroyed q third Of the town of
Huarez and caused the death of
over 500 peOple
Evening star., 1942-03-22
Named K. G. Grond KNIGHT

T. Raymond Burch. Berwyn post
master, has been elected grand
knight OF Prince Georges Council
No. 2809. Knights OF Columbus, to
fill the unexpired term Of William
K. Wersick, who has resigned. hav-
ing entered active Army service. Mr.
Burch will serve until June.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1942-06-13
i'm the country present at this
wears association meeting.

in the country present at this
years association meeting.
You see Mrs. Robert L. Vann, Of
the big Pittsburgh Courier shaking
hands with c. H. Jones of the
not so large Arkansas World. Peg
Ter has taught them that they have
something in common; that after
all they either rise together or fall
together,
The publishers are learning the
same lesson that England and
America are being forced to absorb
under the pressure Of the times. 1t
is a lesson that has been repeated
over and over again and the TRACE
DIV Of it is that it was necessary for
an attack to be made on these
newspapermen, before their pub
fishers could realize that they did
have common interests. just think
how much good could have been
done if such an organization which
met il Chicago could h a " e
been formed Seventy-five years ago.
MUCH TO BE DONE
But it still isn't too late. There
is much to do and the very fact
that q start is being made here
toward it's accomplishment is a
healthy sign: it is definitely sign
of the right kind of progress in the
right direction. These mOlderS Of
opinion of Americas largest min
ority are learning too, that the
problems they face are not just
peculiar to their group. They also
confront other minoritieS.
Who knows how far this spirit
of cooperation and mutual respect
will extend. It is not too idealistic,
this writer believes, to predict that
ere long all oppressed minorities
in this country will vision their
community Of interest and form a
common front against the majority
group oppressers. The immediate
removal Of all these hurtful ex-
ploitations and expressions win be
the certain result.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1942-06-13

Many have pondered as to
the reason for this, pointing
out that if white publishers
can get together, why not those
of our race. The reason. the
writer believes, is traceable on
Nv to the fact that unlike white
newspapers, for the most part.
which restrict their circulation
to one localized territory, Negro
newspapers until recent years
were competing for the same
readers.
Each of these publications were
releasing national editions and
each publisher felt competition was
SO keen that any sort of coopera-
tive effort would be detrimental to
his own interests. This of course
was a fallacy on its face, but being
conditioned by the era of rugged
individualisln, Negro editors and
publishers tried to Guido the most
rugged of the individualists.
When the Negro Newspaper Pub
fishers Association was first organ
ICED In 1910, it attracted but slight
interest from the larger publishers.
who still suffering from the poi
sonous virous of indiWdualism felt
that they were safe on the pinnacle
above the crowd.
LAUNCH VIOLENT CAMPAIGN
And then along came Westbrook
Pegler, Temple Graves. the Scripps-
Howard editorial writer's, aided and
abetted by many government Off
Gals soured because they had been
whipped itno the democratic line
by caustic Negro writers, to launch
a violent campaign against the Ne
gro press.
Rugged individualism which
had reigned 50 long among Ne
gro publishers died q death
more hasty than iscIaticnism
after Pearl Harbor. The fact
that it is dead is attested by the
hugo delegation representing
every major Negro publication
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1942-06-13
Ben Davis, Jr.
n. Y. Candidate
Seeks Post As
Attorney Gent

NEW YORI AMP BENJAMIN
W. Davis, Jr., 45ading figure in the
fight to free Angelo Herndon, not
ed Negro lawyer and member of the
editorial board of the Daily Work
er, is the Communist party can
didate for attorney general of New
York state, Simon w. Gerson, di-
rector of the state election COM
mittee, Communist party, annoulc-
ed this week.
Mr.. Davis, former football star
at Amherst and graduate Of
Harvard Law School. is the son Of
Benjamin Davis, ST., of Atlanta, a
former member of the Republican
National committee.
AS attorney for Herndon, Mr..
Davis carried the fight to free the
young Negro leader to the Georgia
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1942-06-13
Soldiers Forced
To Stand On Train

The majority of IS colored sol
diers stationed at Conley, Ga. de-
pot had to stand up all the way
from Admission, Ala, to Atlanta
Saturday afternoon as they return
ed by train from Birmingham, II
was reported to the WORLD Mon
day.
A spokesman for the soldiers said
they we're in an uncrowded coach
on a Southern Railroad train when
the conductor entered and ordered
them to occupy half-car that is
customarily used for carrying Ne
gro passengers. The other coach was
taken for white passengers, it was
stated.
When the soldiers complained,
they we're told to remember you're
not up north" by the conductor, IL
was stated.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1942-06-13

IOT SeISCliNe SCI NlCSt
Apprehended May on his mission
of winning converts, Rassouli tola
the FBI he and his followers were
registered at the Islam national
office and that it was unnecessary
for them to register for selective
service.
Wearing red buttons showing 9
mystical white crescent, the dele
CATION from local headquarters OF
the Nations of Islam at 1929 st.
N. W., was silent as reporters tried
to interrogate them. Except for tur-
bans of varying colors worn by the
women and. crescent rings on the
hands of the men, no regalia OF
any kind was displayed.
Of the group of 80 descending on
the Jail, about nine appeared eligible
for the draft. The FBI said it had
not checked to determine whether
the demonstrators who were eligible
had registered.
-Four of Mohammed's followers are
in Jail on charges of evading the
Selective Service act.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1942-06-13
Charles Houston
Is Proposed As
Liason Officer
| Weaver May Be
Placed Under
| Lawrence Cramer
BY A. Z. WHITE

WASHINGTON, d. CAMP
Settling the moot question of who is
to be the Negro top man" once and
for all, the proposed enlargement OF
the Presidents Committee on Fair
Employment Practice, which is being
widely discussed in certain circles
here, hardly meets the 100 percent
approval of certain men who have
heretofore, been regarded as "close
to the President"
Only recently there was consider
able commotion and advocacy of a
plan. whereby a bureau of Negro
affairs was to have been created
a super-over all agency with Lester
Walton, minister to Liberia, as the
head This was to have superseded
all agencies and to be the Jason
bureau.
Opponents to this plan, of whom
there were plenty, quickly countered
in another manner and, according
general reports, submitted through
various means the name of Charles
Houston to the White House, asking
that Mr.. Houston be named as an
executive secretary at a $4,000 year.
ly salary. In this post, he would be
the liason man between the White
House and the Negro group in
America.
Further reports are to the effect
that the matter was brought up in
a recent cabinet meeting where, af-
ter very stormy session, the whole
thing was thrown out and all plans
submitted for directing the welfare
of the Negro thrown into the dis
card.
Out Of this, however, came an idea
whereby the CoFEP would be the
controlling factor.
General information circulating
through town has it that the CON-
mittee will be enlarged, taken over
by the Presidents executive office
instead of the Manpower board
given a wider range, establish re-
gional offices with increased per-
sonnet and larger budget to do
a more effective job. An amendment
to Executive Order 1902 is to be
giving these powers and
increasing the scope of activity of
the CoF'EP.
This followed, it is believed, a two
hour conference at the White House
when Lawrence Cramer, executive
secretary of the CoFEP and DR.
Malcolm MacLean, chairman, visited
with the President and discussed the
problems.
In this connection, the future of
the Weaver organization has been
mentioned Some say it
is to be wiped out, others say it
is to be annexed by the ManpoWer
board, while there are others who
say it is to be a part of the new
CoFEP since both are doing practi-
cally the same type of work.
1t has even been limited that
Whatever happens, the plans and
counter plans submitted to the
White House have served only to
strengthen the CoFEP and to
make it the dominant factor in
the Negroes life in the United
States, to the chagrin and disap-
pointment of many smart boys.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1942-06-13

gratifying sight to see the rep
reSentativeS of the races most po-
tent weapons sitting down together,
discussing mutual problems and ar
irving at definite conclusions.
A STRANGE SIGHT
The sight was strange because it
is something that has come to pass
only under the pressure of the
times. Negro doctors have their as
ISOLATION, Negro nurses, teachers,
preachers, pharmacists and even
n1orticians have been able to or
ganize, but though they have been
on the. scene for lis years, Negro
newspapers heretofore have not been
able to weld themselves into any
thing Ike ap effective organization.