davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-02-18

question usually asked is, When do we
do any shopping?" The only answer we
can give them is, You don't do any
Daily I hear on every hand the woe
begone expressions, There Just isn't any
thing don't need, and don't know when
I'm ever going to get to town" and Il
have been here six weeks and I don't
even know where the stores are"
The hours of duty in the War Depart
ment. oficially, are from BIS to 5, six
and seven days a week, but actually
they run from 8:l5 to and later for
the vast majority The schedule for
some of the busiest Offices is, in fact,
Sis until 8, which results in absolutely
no time to get into a store for even a
pair of stockings.
The cafeterias in the department are
so crowded that the entire noon period
Is occupied with standing in long lines
waiting for lunch.
If the retail merchants in Baltimore,
Philadelphia, New York and many other
cities can get together on a basis that
will permit remaining open one or two
evenings week. why cannot those in
Washington, where the crying need has
become prolonged wall? The fact that
1t can be done in the weeks preceding
Christmas proves that it can be done
for the duration. Why not whip up some
Of the Christmas spirit or at least a
little patriotic consideration for those
in our midst whose needs are almost
beyond conception and the qualification
of which will abundantly compensate
the merchants for any and every con-
Sideration shown?
Only a woman knows what it does for
the jagged spirits of a tired girl to be
able to go over to town" and shop
around leisurely for something pretty
to come to work in the next day. If
we are to appear fully clothed and in
our right minds during these strenuous
times the responsibility partly rests with
the merchants to make it possible.
EVELYN D. CHATFIELD.
Evening star., 1942-02-18
Jupun's War Aims

Uy fT6UllcT GcIlcIdl 1ll0Chl AoJo, AAco
proclaimed Nippon's war aims in
Enthusiastically fortnight fashion.
Addressing Parliament in the hour
of victory when Toxic was preparing
for a monster parade to celebrate
the capture OF Singapore. Premier
TOTO announced f1ve-point program
of aggression which is certainly far
reaching. Parliament was informed
that the fall of Britain's chief base
at Singapore would enable Japan to
reach it's strategic objectives in the
following order: Burma, China, In
dia, the Netherlands Indies, Australia
and New Zealand.
If this be a true statement OF
japanese grand strategy, it is highly
important. The arrangement is
logical. Burma, the first objective,
is both the base Of China's highway
to the outer world and the spring.
board for a Japanese assault on
British India. Under increasing
Japanese pressure, the British de-
fense of Burma seems to be Sagging
ominously.
Once Burma is conquered and the
Burma Road Is cut, General TOTO de-
clares that Japan firmly intends to
strike the finishing blow at the
Chungking regime" Spokesman of
Free China say they expect japanese
military pressure to be accompanied
by a peace drive, urging the Chinese
to accept the inevitable and CO.
operate in what TOTO terms Greater
East Asia construction" with the
people OF China and Japan helping
each other"
Vigorous action against India Is
indicated when TOTO bids the inhabi-
tants of that vast subcontinent to
throw of Anglo-American domina-
ton"
The indomitable Dutch are duly
warned that they are next on the list
and will be crushed" If they con-
tinue their resistance, though here,
as elsewhere, japanese propaganda
seems to reaSSure the native In
donesians that "if they understand
our real intentions and cooperate
with us in Greater East Asiatic con-
struction, we shall respect their ira
ditions and emancipate them from
the despotic rule of the refugee
Netherland government"
Finally come warnings to Australia
and New Zealand. General TOTO
tells them they should avoid useless
war in reliance upon the United
States and Britain, which are not
worth depending upon" Like the
Indonesians, Filipinos and others, he
said, their future happiness and
welfare depends entirely on whether
their governments understand ia
pans real intentions and take fair
and high attitude"
In this long farrago of grandilo-
quent promises and threats, there is
nothing really new. The spokesmen
and leaders of Japan militant have
been threatening and boasting about
Japan's destined East Asia Co-pros-
perity Sphere" for many years. The
tragedy Is that, whereas even three
months ago the world at large was
disinclined to take the program
seriously, it is today a nightmarish
possibility whose dreadful implica-
tions should spur the United Nations
to sacrifice everything to prevent it
from becoming a grim reality.
Evening star., 1942-02-18

Orient could be q more attractive
objective for looters.
The interest Of America In Burma
is traditional. Rangoon University,
1t is to be remembered, was developed
predominantly by Baptist mission
aries from the United States. 1t
also ought not to be forgotten that
the main artery of trafI1c from Ran
goon to Chunking Is largely an Amer
lean engineering achievement.
Evening star., 1942-02-18

Distinguishes Between Love Of Country
And Love Of "One's Neighbor."
To the Editor Of The Star:
Why all this talk about the love Of
country without stressing the love for
one's neighbour It would prove inn
r,itely more pleasing in the sight Of
Almighty God, If the latter were done.
The parting injunction of Christ was
to "love thy neighbor as thyself," and
1t should carry with it a corresponding
desire of strict obedience.
w. J. MOORE.
Evening star., 1942-02-18

@. How many railroads enter the city
Of Chicago?-L. D. o.
A. Forty-one railroads enter Chicago
They represent 40 per cent of the mileage
in the United States.
@. Is El Salvador the same as San
Salvador?-D. r.
A. 1t is not. El Salvador CThe Saviour
is the name Of the country; San Salvador
(Holy Saviour is the name of its capital
city.
O. In what book can find Charles
Dudley Warmers tribute to his cat?-
L. B. R.
A. Calvin: A Study in Character" by
Warner, appears in the Oxford Book Of
American Essays, published by the Ok
ford Press, 1914.
Q. Is the level of the ocean the same
all over the world?-M w.
A. 1t is not. The water masses are
affected by the gravitational pull of
adjacent mountains, huge range like
the Andes producing marked effect.
Variations, however, do not exceed few
inches .-.-.1 --l-..-.
@. In what State was the Half Breed
Tract?-F. L. T.
A. The Half Breed Tract was an area
of land now part of Iowa, lying between
the Mississippi River and Des Moines
River. BY treaty signed on August 4,
1924, the Sauk and Fox Indians set this
tract aside for the children of mixed
white and Indian parentage.
@. Which fish contain the most iodine7
S. L. M.
A. Halibut, salmon and shellflsh con.
tain more iodine than other fish.
@. What causes the westerly winds?-
! S. S. o.
! A. In the middle latitudes there is
prevailing drift of the atmosphere from
west to east. The winds that we term
| the westerlies tend to blow in the direc-
ton Of the poles, but are DETECTED by
the rotation of the earth on its axis.
! @. What was the title of the first novel
! printed in America?-R. B.
! A. Pamela, or Virtue Rewarded" by
Samuel Richardson, printed by Benjamin
Franklin in his printing shop in 1744.
was the first novel to be printed in the
United States
@. Where is the largest tin mine in the
| world?-U. N. N
A. The largest tin mine in the world
is located in Llallagua, Bolivia.
@. Name the earliest Roman road
H. L. c.
! A. Dr. Leicester Holland writes: The
earliest Roman road was the via Domitia,
running from Spain through Gallia Mar
bonensis to the Rhone, built probably in
11s 3. c."
Q. Is it proper to wear a tuxedo to a
formal wedding?-W. S. A.
A. 1t is never correct to wear a dinner
coat or tuxedo at a wedding. If the
evening wedding is a formal one the
conventional attire is "tails"s -
@. What city is known as the Athens
of South America"?-F. F.
A. Bogota, the capital of Colombia, Is
so called because it has long been re-
nowned for its culture.
Evening star., 1942-02-18

Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address of
the 11riter, although the use of.
a pseudonyna for publication is
permissible. The Star reserves
the right to edit all letters 1uith
q DtetD to condensation.
Evening star., 1942-02-18

Weight Control-A simple, SEN
sible booklet which shows the re-
lation of foods to weight, and how
to control your weight without
using medicines, trick diets or
apparatus. In its 80 pages, telling
in plain way about vitamins,
calories, proteins, carbohydrates
and all the other food essential
terms, and reducing, you will find
the scientific facts in everyday
language Table of weights for
both men and women To secure
your copy Of this practical publica-
ton inclose 10 cents in coin,
wrapped in this clipping, and mail
to The Star Information Bureau.
--------------------
Name
Address
Evening star., 1942-02-18
Letters to the Editor
Blames Policy Makers"
For "Complacency" Of People.


Fer COMPETENCY" Of People.
To the Editor Of The Star:
National complacency still worries the
Capital" quote from the Magazine Of
Wall Street. The policy makers worry,
they yearn for revival Of the old World
War fervor, patriotic frenzy-n you
please"
Policy makers, just who are they, what
have they done to inspire patriotic
frenzy? 1t would be silly, it seems to me,
for us, just the common people, to do a
frenzied war dance around select group
Of immunized and self-seeking policy
makers.
The public is tired, dog tired. It is
surfeited, satiated, dull and apathetic.
For too many years now it has borne the
burden of extravaganza and deplorabIe
mismanagement.
Down through the decades Of our Ma
tion's life the people never have failed
to respond to great and good leadership.
From Valley Forge to Gettysburg, from
the Maine to Chateau Thierry the people
have held their line.
Perhaps our policy makers alone are
responsible for the condition over which
we regret to learn they worry 50 much
MAY LOUISE HANSON.
Morris, MINI.
Offers Alleged Statistics
On Conditions in Nations Capital
To the Editor Of The star
You may be interested in some up-to-
date facts and figures on Washington
City, collected by the Bureau of Social
AwarenesS.
Present population Is 295,837, ,583, 1856,
with daily increase Of 89, ,065 1886. Every
square foot of the District contains 2A
men, 4 women, children and one-fifth
of dog, and nearly one-eighth of cat.
Streetcars built to carry 80 people carry
on the average 4,013k, the extra one
half having been cut of by the automatic
doors. Yet, according to the engineers
department. If every one would take a
deep breath each car could carry 48
more. All buses are painted Full Load"
and how. Paved streets II laid end to
end would reach to the planet Mars and
reliable sources regret that they do not
reach to the planet Mars. Cars are
parked thereon three deep laterally and
two deep vertically. Every Govern
ment motorcycle is required to keep its
exhaust cutout open at all times. At
any given point south of H street co.
$50 $50 men in uniform pass every go
seconds. Two .30-caliber machine guns
afford protection against the Eisenhorst
and the Gnarnschau. There is one sales
girl to every 100000 inhabitants and SO
liquor stores for each inhabitant. To
get into the War Department building
on business you must submit letters from
3 clergymen, the scoutmaster Of your dis
trict and nine-tenths of Congressman; |;
also stand complete physical examina-
ton. Blood pressure on the average is
$50 pounds square inch, pulse rate 40
600 cycles and average body temperature,
10s degrees F. JOHN M. SLATER.
Readers Want Stores
To Remain Open zone Evening"
To the Editor Of The Star:
VIII you not lift your voice ON behalf
of the thousands Of girls in this city
who are unable to get any shopping
done because the stores In this world
capital" do not remain open at least one
evening q week?
happen to be principal clerk OF one
Of the branches Of the Bureau Of Public
Relations of the War Department and
as new girls report for duty and learn
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1942-02-21
Determinations
Are Pointed To
AS UnGodlike
ZONE is in New Bern, 5. G.

American citizens. children of the
one God, members of the human
family, brethren Of us all, must
challenge the conscience of every
one who believes in the brotherhood
of man. This situation Is the harvest
of sins of the spirit of which none
of us is completely created in His
image. Race Relations week should
lead all to Gods throne in prayer
and repentance, seeking forgiveness
for the sins Of racial arrogance and
injustice.
1--WE Jews, who ourselves !. have
been victims of injustice should be
especially sensitive of this. If our
prayers ana repentance, joined with
the Americans of other faiths truly
touch us, if our souls will be truly
cleansed, we shall proceed in COOP
Grafton with men of good will to
remove barriers, to eliminate in
justices which underline de1nocra-
cy and weaken faith, to the end
that the pleas of millions Of useful.
decent Americans for Justice will be
answered. and the will of God more
firmly established in the land we
love"
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1942-02-21

Race Relations Week.
Negroes are victims of harsh
discrimination and fragrant Unjust
ices, which cry aloud God and to
man for remedy and redress. They
dwell, usually, in the worst sluns,
not by choice, but by the conpul-
sion Of law, public opinion, OF
threats of violence.
SCHOOLS POOR
THE schools provided Tor their
children out of public funds are
usually the most poorly equipped
Their opportunities for earning a
livelihood, are in many areas limited
to the most mental tasks, irrespec-
tive of their character, their abili-
ties, or their education. They are
practically compelled to be the hew-
erS of wood and the drawers of
water in our country. Many trade
unions, organized to champion the
rights of workers have denied mem
bership to individuals of the Negro
race, no matter how skilled or how
well trained they were. So generally
accepted are those determinations
that one important branch of the
armed service excludes Negroes as
fighters, though their valor and
courage have been proved in every
war Of our nation, and their fidelity
and patriotism have never been
found wanting.
Discrimination existed against
them in defense industries to such
an extent that President Roosevelt
raised his voice and demanded or
portunities for them. AS the result
Of his vigorous plea. some of the
determinations in defense indus
tries have been modified. Despite
the social consequences, which are
inevitable in a group that is VIC
timized by such unfairness. the Ne
groeS have maintained their morale.
and have borne their burden with
out bitterness and vengefuIness.
and have displayed heroism and
dignity which command admiration
1t Is we, their fellow men, who have
acqu1esced in or been apathetic
about their maltreatment, who ma We
spiritual hurt, for no soul
that tolerates oppression remains
unsolied or unSullieds
This plight of a large body ..
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1942-02-21
By cliff Ma c

| Singapore, another correspondent
Clark Lee, of the. Associated Press,
describes an entirely different kind
of scene in the PHILIPPINES.
"Grirny and blood-stained Anneri-
! cans, che writes" flight and die
day by day beside their Filipino
comrades, and the closest comrade-
ship prevails on the battlefield and
| in the quarters ....... and they are
dying on Bataan gallantly and un-
questioningly.'
Here real unity has been achiev-
ed. The will to fight has been pre-
served. Outnumbered in many in
stances Is to l, they remain uncon-
quered. In Singapore, British stu
pidity smashed unity on the rock
of prejudice. Singapore was lost.
NOT TOO LATE
Here are two stories, describing
| in greater detail and more vividly
than anything the writer could say,
how to win this war and how to
lose it. *
It Is not too late for both Ameri-
ca and Great Britain to decide. Do
they want to follow the blind paths
of prejudice and discrimination
which unquestionab1y lead to de-
feat and disaster? Or will they wise
" realize that victory will never be
theirs as long as they embrace these
twin fifth columnists, while prose-
cutting the war?
All observers are agreed that
America and Great Britain cannot
hope to win without the aid Of the
darker races. Thus far the bid for
the support Of these peoples includ-
ing the 1862 millions in India. has
been blindly withheld. They have
been bluntly told by Winston
Churchill that the noble document
OF the -four freedoms definitely
did not apply to them. The demand
for self-government has been ruth
lessly crushed.
Now with the loss of SINGAPORE
the United Nations find themselves
at the crossroads. viii. tlaev arise
to, the situation and discard forever
prejudice and discrimination, as did
General Macarthur? or Is this too
big a price to pay for victory?
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1942-02-21
The Globe Trotter

Picture what CONSERVATION this
act, based simply and purely on ra-
cial prejudice, must have caused In
the hearts Of these men, who were
giving their all to preserve the
British Empire. How would you
have felt under similar set OF
circumstances
STUPID BRITISH ACT
That one stupid act of the Brit
ish, no doubt, did more than any
other single thing to hasten the los
of Singapore. The Japanese, having
learned well from their German
masters, quickly seized upon this tt
foment trouble among the native
soldiers, who formed the very back
bone Of the Singapore defenders.
How can a man fight with all his
heart, when he knows that he is
not fighting to protect his loved
ones, his children; that those who
lead him into battle are not in
terested in the welfare Of his fami-
ly9 Prejudice had again scored a
victory.
OO-ltA CSO t-Alc III bIlC DIlJ-
ish in Singapore with the stubborn
stand being made by the much wis
er General Macarthur In the Phil
lipines.
Singapore has fallen, the battle
for the PHILIPPINES which was to
have been much shorter, still goes
on. Why? It is. not unreasonable to
assume that in the fact that men Of
all colors under MacArthur's COM
mand have banded together, with
out prejudice or discrimination, as
brothers in arms, lies the answer.
WILL TO FIGHT STRONG
The will to fight has not been ig-
norantly destroyed by the wiley
American commander. His men,
black, brown, yellow and white, feel
that theirs is a just cause, one
worth fighting and dying for. Their
blood, the blood OF all races, min
giles freely on the battlefield.
While Cecil Brown reports the
story Of rank discrimination in
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1942-02-21
Janitors Rapidly Turned
Into Ace Defense Workers
1iyil Service for jobs in U. S

cents an hour, and So others mad
Just be fingerprinted and exam
ined for enrolment.
Efforts to transfer experienced
Negro metal polishers from non
defense to defense work atthe pack
ard Motor Company have not
been successful to date, DR.. Weaver
revealed, although the grievance is
of several months standing White
metal polishers htere staged a work
stoppage In September, 1871, and
forced the removal of two Negro
metal polisflers there staged a work
defense work
International union officials,
management and representatives
Branch are still seeking to solve
Of Negro Employment and Training
the Packard situation and also
similar development at the Hudson
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1942-02-21
Rabbis In Plea That Justice
Be Accorded Black Americans

ST. LOUIS, lamp - Reiterat-
ing that L equality and
brotherhood of all men are part Of
the Jewish religion, Justice for the
Negro is asked in a special race
relations week message released by
the commission on justice and peace
Of the Central Conference of Ameri-
can Rabbis and made public by F.
NJ. Issern1an, chairman.
Painting to the Nazi racial theo-
ries in the present world conflict as
contrasted with the preachments of
the Bible, the tenets of Judaism
and the findings Of science which
show no superior or unmixed peo-
pies, the statement says:
'As we OBSERVE the American
scene, we witness the universal al
legiance to the religious teachings
of the brotherhood of all men We
find, however, that practice does
not follow profession and that this
belief breaks down especially with
regard to the Negro race, enamel
pated by Abraham Lincoln, whose
birthday on February IL, inspired
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1942-02-21

sailors.
AS an inducetnent TO sign Up for
the positions, liberal bonuses are
offered for seamen who will take
the risk Of sailing OIL ships in
waters infested by belligerents.
Many seamen have apparently de-
cided to renounce the sea as q
business Or profession; some have
left that kind Of work to enter the
arms and ammunition industry
In charge of the actual training
of sailors and marine officers is
the United States Coast guard. At
advantageous coastal points, app
prentices between the ages of ID
and % are taught in schools the
rudiments of seaman's trade. Two
schools, one on the Atlantic and
the other on the Pacific coast, are
maintained for prospective Of
ficers.
Students are paid s21 q month.
and experienced men get s72.5O q
month while brushing up on their
technique Prospective officers re-
ceive So9 a month. One Of the
chief Studies Of marine offices and
sailors is the gunnery course.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1942-02-21
Race Laborers
Move to Higher
Income Brackets

WASHINGTON, D. c. - (SNS)-
"Janitors and laborers yesterday
skilled workers in war production
todayl
Hundn DIS Of Negro workers have
undergone this transition recently
in Detroit, according to DR.. Robert
G. Weaver, Chief Of the Negro Em-
ployment and Training Branch of
WEBS Labor Division, ano thou
sands more will be similarly af-
fected as the automobile industry
is converted to full time produc-
ton OF tanks, shells and aircraft.
This increasing transfer of Ne
gro workers from non-defense to
with the resultant opening of scores
defense worA in the Detroit area,
of new and better-paid jobs to
colored employees was reported by
DR.. Weaver to Sidney Hillman,
Labor Director of the War Pro-
dUction Board.
This indignation of Negro work.
ers into the Michigan defense eff
fort is berg accomplished through
the Six-point Transfer Program.
DR.. Weaver snid, and through
close cooperation between organ
ized labor, management and repre-
sentatives of the Negro Employ
ment and Training Branch.
"Severa1 obstacles have been sur
mounted through the action Of in
ternational officialsof the UAW-
Go in invoking the NOTWITHSTANDING
alton clause in the unions con-
stitution. The union has also es-
tsblished international and local
inte~racisl committees to enforce
the provisions of this policy.
As a result, by January 10, 1912,
more than 100 Negroes were at
plant as punch press operators,
work in the Kelsey Hayes military
pieklers, assenb1ers, and laborers
and janitors; an additional 107
were drill press operators, assenab-
lers, punch press operators, ship
pers, receivers and laborers in the
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1942-02-21

Kelsey Hayes McGraw Plant No.
2, and 154 others were employed
in skilled, semi-skilled and un-
skilled positions in the Kelsey Hay
es McGraw plant No. /. At the
same time, an upgrading program
was instituted for Negro workers
who were transferred to the Kelsey
Hayes Plymouth (Michigan plant
January reports by representa-
tives Of DR.. Viewers office reveal
ed further that -126 Negroes had
received employment in the Muir
ray Corporations Aircraft Plant
No. 2 and in variety of skills. In
Guided among these colored work
ers were aircraft riveters, assemb-
lers, aircraft repairnen. electric
truck drivers and stock handlers.
Six Negroes were enrolled in the
conlpany's training school at so