davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-10-13
Britain Asks Germany to Agree
ToFree ShockIed Prisoners
Churchill Offers to Cancel ReprisoIs
If Representations Bring Results

in the best interests of the safety
of the prisoners themselves.
The Prime Minister said the Ge-
neva Convention docs not attempt
to regulate what happens In actual
fighting" but deals with the treat
ment of prisoners who are Sc
curely captured"
BY binding prisoners in camps, Mr..
Churchill asserted, the Germans are
attempting to use them as hostages
on whom reprisals can be taken for
battlefield incidents over which they
have no control.
Discussion DISCOURAGED.
He disclosed that the government
had asked Switzerland, which repre-
sents the interests of both Germany
and Britain in enemy countries, to
protest against the breach OF the
Geneva Convention and urge them
to desiSt from It,"
I'm these circumstances" he add
ed, "the countermeasures of similar
nature which the British govern
ment felt themselves forced to take
will Immediately be withdrawn"
Mr.. Churchill said public discus
sion meanwhile would be detri-
mental to the interests of the prison
ers of war of both countries"
George Bernard Shaw joined ar
increasing number of Britons who
disagree with their governments
reprisal shackling Of German pris.
| oners.
How are we obliged to copy him
| (Hitler)?" the 86-year- r-old author
, and playwright asked in a letter tt
the London Times. How will oul
doing SO protect his British prison.
ers? Who is to make tn,
| chains and what is to be then
weight? And as the retaliatory proc.
ess is self-perpetuating, how Is it tt
be stopped before the human race i!
exterminated?"
Evening star., 1942-10-13
Forge Workers on Job
After Navy, WLB Warning

CLEVELAND, Oct. 13 (P).-Con-
fronting a double -barreled warning
from the Navy and the War Labor
Board, AFL strikers returned to
work today at the Steel Improve
ment & Forge Co.
Charles H. Smith. company presi-
dent, says all strikers were being
taken back only on a temporary
basis. with "the whole matter now
in the hands of the Labor Board,
which decreed the men would no
longer be considered employed If
they did not return to work yester-
day morning."
The eight-day strike was ended
abruptly last night by the vote of
l66 of the 2l3 drop forge operators
who walked out, union leaders said,
because the company installed
chronologs-time checkers-on the
drop forges.
E. Wayne Patterson, international
representative of the AFL Black
smiths, Drop Forgers and Welders
Union, said the men agreed to re-
sumo operations and allow the War
Labor Board to settle the dispute
after they were given proof that
the strike was affecting war pro-
duction."
Evening star., 1942-10-13
Defeating Germans
And laps Huge Task,
Lands Declares
OCD Director Speoks
At Dinner Of Vneinio
Municipal League
By the Associated Press.

RICHMOND, Va, Oct. 13.-De-
claring that victory always seems
easier in the beginning of a war
than it actually is, James M Lam
dis, director of the Once Of Civilian
Defense, told the League Of Virginia
Municipalities last night that
America was only beginning to un-
derstand the hugeness of the task
that the destruction of Japan and
Nazi Germany involves"
Mr.. Lands gave the address at
the leagues annual banquet, which
closed the opening day of its 37th
annual convention.
Mr.. Lands said, 1T is the plain
people Of America, just as the plain
people Of England, who are and
will be it's salvation"
Byron Scott, special assistant to
Maury Maverick, chief of the Bu-
reau of Governmental Require
ments, said earlier in the day that
there will be many second fronts
throughout Europe" and that in
order to establish the second fronts
lit Will take lots OF material, so that
eventually the combat forces will
demand more and more all the
time"
Col. Mills F.. Neal, State director
Of selective service, told the league
that industry. agriculture and
government must tighten up their
belts insofar as personnel il con-
cerned."
Mayor William T. wilkins of Al
exandria addressed the league on
adjustments in municipal admin
istration during the war" and said
that connected problems fall into
four distinct categories-personnel
materials, equipment and services" "
Among other speakers yesterday
were Brig. Gen. James A. Anderson,
State highway commissioner, and
Brig. Gen. ]. Fulmer Bright, State
director of the OPA.
Evening star., 1942-10-13
Police Holding Suspect
In FutuI Stubbinq Cose

Police were holding q 2l-year-o
colored man on an open charge
today in connection with a fatal
stabbing during street argument
in the $500 block Of M street NV.
last night.
John w. Cavanaugh. 20, colored
1900 block Of L street NV, was
stabbed In the chest with q pocket
knife and was pronounced dead by
an Emergency Hospital ambulance
physician.
Detectives said the victim and
the prisoner had been drinking be-
fore they got into the argument.
Evening star., 1942-10-13
EVENING STAR WASHINGTON c. TUESDAY OCTOBER 49,
BY the Associated P-ess.

~ ebS ASoOSA&teu e0ns
LONDON, Oct. 13.-Prime Min
lister Churchill announced today
that Germany had been re-
quested to unshackle British and
Canadian prisoners and that if
the Nazis agreed Britain imme-
diately would cancel her re-
prisaf measures.
Mr.. Churchill said the Germans
violated the Geneva Convention
when they chained up 1876 prison.
ers taken at Dieppe on August 10
and that representationsvhad been
made to Berlin, through Switzer-
land, urging the Nazis to desist.
If the Germans will desist, he
continued, "the countermeasures OF
similar nature which the CBritish)
government felt themselves forced
to take will Immediately be with
drawn"
1t was the Prime Minister'S first
report on the negotiations since
Germany announced last Friday
that the Britons and Canadians
had been tied up for alleged bind
ing of the hands OF Nazis seized in
British raids on Dieppe and Sark
Island. Britain retaliated by fet-
tering similar number of Nazi
prisoners Saturday.
Answers NAxf ACCUSE ti0n.
"The British government has
never countenanced any general Or
der for the tying up of prisoners on
the field Of battle" Mr.. Churchill
said in response to the German ac-
cusation which set off the whole
| controversy.
Addressing the House of Com
mons, he added that such a process,
however, may be necessary from
time to time, under the stress of
| circumstances, and may, indeed, be
Evening star., 1942-10-13
Clifford Hewitt Dies;
Federal Mint Expert
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
SAN DIEGO. Calf. Oct. lS.-
Clifford Hewitt, 73. for IS years 4
Government Mint expert. died here
Sunday.
Mr.. Hewitt had charge Of build
ing and equipping the Philadelphia
Mint, installing the Denver Mint
machinery and erecting = mint in
Manila.
Borrowed by the Chinese govern
ment. Mr.. Hewitt also supervised
the building and installation Of the
Shanghai Mint.
Evening star., 1942-10-13
Post Office Blackboard
Replaces Towns Stores
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
HANFORD, Calf, Oct. 13.-A
blackboard and a piece Of chalk are
becoming the most fiourishing
store" in the isolated little oil town
of Kettleman City.
The drug store has been closed
and the only grocery is threatening
to shut down because of the dim
Guilty in replenishins stocks. So the
200 residents hit on the blackboard
in the postofice as the key to their
buying troubles.
On the board, they write list OF
things they need.
Others, driving to larger centers,
read the board, contact the persons
who list their wants. and arrange
to do the shopping for them.
Evening star., 1942-10-13
Wheat Quota Excess
Penalty Is Debated
In Supreme Court
Ohio Formers Challenge
ConstitutionoIity Of
Increased Levies

Constitutionality of provisions OF
the Agricultural Adjustment Act
authorizing the Secretary of Agri-
culture to fix quotas restricting the
marketing of wheat was at issue to-
day in arguments before the Su-
preme Court.
The litigation was brought by a
group of Montgomery County (Ohio)
farmers, challenging legislation in
creasing from Is cents to ~ cents a
bushel the penalty on wheat mar
keted in excess of AAA quotas for
194l.
Solicitor General Charles Fahy
contended in brief that the wheat
quota program was "a lawful exer-
else of the commerce power of Con-
gress as applied to the entire wheat
supply, including the wheat which
may be consumed on the farm"
Mr.. Fahy was the Government S
spokesman while the wheat farmers
were represented by Webb r. Clark
and Harry N. Routzohn, Dayton at
torneys.
Counsel for the farmers contend
ed it was unconstitutional to in
crease the penalty for overproduc-
ton when the crop was almost ready
for harvesting and only five days
before a referendum was held at
which wheat farmers approved the
quotas.
They also have accused Secretary
Of Agriculture Wickard of having
encouraged farmers to exceed their
acreage quotas" due to war needs,
before Congress voted the increase
Secretary Wickard appealed the
case to the Supreme Court from a
ruling by three Judge Federal Court
at Dayton holding invalid the in
creased penalty and enjoining COL
lection of more than Is cents a
bushel.
The Supreme Court heard argu-
ments on the controversy last term
but ordered a reargument.
Evening star., 1942-10-13
Store to Keep Cooling
Units Not Asked by U. S.

Woodward & Lothrop department
store, in agreeing to sell its 6OO-ton
air-cooling unit to the Federal Gov
ernment for installation in 4 war
plant, is retaining certain units
which it was not asked to sell.
Through error the word mot" was
omitted from a story published in
The Star yesterday. The Star re-
grets the impression created by the
omission.
Woodward Il Lothrop was one of
three retail establishments asked to
assist the war effort by disposing Of
refrigerating equipment urgently
needed by the Government, and full
filled the Governments request.
Evening star., 1942-10-13
Consumers Facing
Choice Of Giving Up
Ice Cream or Milk
Fluid Production foIIs
For Short Of Quota,
Says U. S. officioI

Consumers may be faced soon
with the choice Of giving up ice
cream or going without milk.
A Department Of Agriculture Of
ficial admitted today there was "a
good possibility that We will come
to that decision in the near future"
IS it was disclosed that fluid milk
production had thus far fallen short
OF the departments 1912 goals.
A manpower shortage was blamed
for the inability OF dairy farmers
Of the Nation to come up to 1885,
O0o, 600 900 pounds production Of
fluid milk this year.
Quota Advanced Sharply.
I'VE asked dairymen to produce
10, ,O0O, ,0O0, 900 pounds more of milk
tflis year over last years 115,000.-
600 900 pounds. It was q very high
goal and 1t appears the farmers
win only achieve one-haH of this
increase" he said.
A butter shortage also Is threat
ened by this drop In milk aims, he
said. Such 4 shortage can be Offset,
he pointed out, by increased use OF
oleomargarine and other butter sub
stitutes.
Ice cream and other luxury prod
ucts will have to be curtailed If civ
ilian consumption Of fluid milk is
to be maintained at present levels, 1t
was pointed out.
Dairy Farms Hard Hit.
Dairy farms, like all other farms
have felt the drain of men who
have gone into the Army or to high
Ell paid war jobs. Dairying, it was
stressed today, requires highly
skilled labor, which cannot easily
be replaced. AS q result, dairymen
are faced with q serious problem.
Much machinery is required in the
dairy business, and dairymen have
found it difficult to replace certain
parts because of shortages and prior.
tiles, the department said
More and more milk is being
processed for shipment to our Allies
and to American troops overseas
On top of this, civilian consumption
has increased at home, it was pointed
out.
Reports from several Western
States disclosed that dairy farmer!
in some instances were selling part:
of their herds because they were no
able to get adequate help.
Diaries here reported they wer'
getting all the milk needed to fl
requirements.
Evening star., 1942-10-13
Senator Murray Calls
For Second Front at
Earliest Moment
Commissioners Disovow-
District Building RoIly
Sponsored by cIo

America must take the offensive =
as quickly as essential military prep. :
arations will permit. Senator Murray :
of Montana said at CIO-sponsored :
rally yesterday afternoon IN front !
of the District Building, in which 9
opening Of second front In Europe 4
was urged by several speakers. ! !
In granting permit for the !,
holding of the meeting Commits i
sioner Guy Mason said ne felt I
people should be allowed to talk" (
but he added I'VE can not be party
to any movement to force the hand 1
of the President or his military Z
leaders or advisers" :
Senatod Murray said he was in&
hearty agreement with Wendell
WILKES statement that next sum-
mer might be too late" If second
front is not opened this year.
Sees Extra Burden on U. s.
Our military leaders. Senator
Murray continued, have the task,
of getting it under way without
unreasonable delay; it cannot be
avoided in the overall strategy of
the war"
If Russia's military might is even
weakened, and If Hitler is given time
to rejuvenate his strength at the
expense of the conquered agricul-
tural, mineral and oil-producing
areas of the Soviet Union, Americas
burden might increase many fold.
Senator Murray said, adding I'VE
might then be confronted with
greatly prolonged war"
The second front when initiated
must be the signal for revolt in
the occupied countries where count
less millions are now groaning
under the iron heels OF the German
barbarians," he asserted.
Other speakers urging 4 second
front were Reid Robinson, national
president of the International Union
of Mine, Mill and Smelter Workers:
Mrs. Alice Neville, colored, treas
urer of the National Maritime Union
Auxiliary; the Rev. A. Clayton Pow
ell, colored, city Councilman of New
York City, and Henry Rhine, WASH
ington CIO president Russ Nixon.
local representative of the United
Electrical, Radio and Machine
Workers Union, presided Several
hundred people attended the rally.
Roosevelt Is Praised.
Communism should not be raised
as an issue to withhold support
from fighting Russia, Mr. Powell
said, adding I'VE could have raised
, the question of imperialism when
we went to the aid Of Britain He
termed President Roosevelt the
Moses Of humanity" and said Jim
Crowism must be gotten rid of to
: give us democracy at home while
J we fight to preserve it abroad
: Commissioner Mason's statement
said:
t AN application for permit for
the rally was filed by representa-
! tive of the CIO with a statement it
l was planned to hold patriotic rally.
r Nothing was said about sponsoring
: a second front now or any time. It
probably would have made no diff
] ference, except that the Commits
. sioners are not sponsoring anything.
II and when the President and his
military advisers decide a second
front is necessary, OF course we will
support the move. as should all
9 Americans. We cannot be party to
any movement to force the hand Of
j. the President or his military leaders
or advisers"
Evening star., 1942-10-13
Future Formers Elect

PRINCE FREDERICK, Nd,
(SpeciaD-Kenneth Horsman has
been named president of the Fu-
ture Farmers of America of the
Calvert County High School here.
Other officers are: Secretary. Guy
Hall; treasurer, Coward Bonifant;
publicity chairman, William Fon-
ner, and watchdog, Page Robinson.
Evening star., 1942-10-13
StreumIiner DeroiIed
When Hit by Truck

o' INC Associated Press.
CHICAGO, Oct. 13.-The North
western Railroad reported today
that two cars of its streamliner CITY
OF San Francisco were derailed At
Union Grove, H., about 10 m. when
the train was struck by motor
truck
NO one on the train was injured
the railroad said. but the truck was
thrown along the right of way and
destroyed by fire. The fate of the
driver was not known here.
Evening star., 1942-10-13
Foirfox G. of G. to Meet

FAIRFAX. Va, Oct. Is. (SpeciaD i.
The Fairfax Chamber of Com
merce will meet at 8 O'Clock tonight
in the courthouse. Ofncers viii be
elected Capt. Herbert r. Haar Of
Lorton, president, has resigned as
he has been called to active duty
with the Army Engineer Corps.
Evening star., 1942-10-13
Strikers Ignore Order
From AFL 10 Return
To Cartridge Plant
Union Heads and WLB
ConciIiotors Resume
Peace Negotiations
,y the Associated Press.


ALTON, ILL.,, Oct. 13.-Although
confronted with = strongly worded
return to work order from william
Green, president Of the American
Federation of Labor, striking em-
ployes Of the Western Cartridge Co.
remained away from their jobs to-
day.
Leaders Of the AFL Molders and
Foundry Workers Union and con-
ciliators from the War Labor Board
meanwhile resumed conferences in
an attempt to settle the three-day-
old strike at the plant engaged in
vital war production.
One union ofiicial, who refused to
be quoted by name, said mass
meeting probably would be called
tonight to determine whether the
men should return to work should
negotiations fail to reach a settle
ment by that time.
Mr.. Green's order, telegraphed
from Toronto said:
ut (the strike) cannot be ap-
proved or tolerated. Grievances, no
matter how aggravated they may
be must be taken up with Govern
ment agencies for settlement. Be-
cause war situation demands that
war material production plants must
operate without interruption,
direct that strike be terminated and
workers resume work Immediately
taking up question in dispute with
Government war agencies. Please
advise If compliance with these in
structions is made Immediately.
The walkout began Saturday
after the union charged company
officials refused to meet with a
grievance committee. Other unions
refused to cross picket lines.
1t was the second strike at the
| plant within q month.
Evening star., 1942-10-13

A dollar from you will bring \
holler from the enemy. Buy \ stamp
now at the nearest post office.
Evening star., 1942-10-13
COP Gain al Expense
OF Progressives in
Wisconsin Foreseen
Republicans Moy Take
z More House Seots if
Trend Proves Actual

Mr.. Lincoln is taking a pre-
election suing around the coun-
try. This is another in a series
OF articles on election prospects.
The Keesler field news., 1942-08-19
31Oth Retains
First Place
In SoftbaII

BY remaining inactive. the sio
Tech. SC. So. retained It's lead In
the six-tcam Replacement Train
ing Center softball league with
three wins and no losses. The
30ist edged nearer the pnee-sci-
ters by annexing two games, while
3pB won one and lost one.
The second round OF play OPEN
ed Monday although some OF the
games scheduled In the first round
have not been completed. Diree-
tors Delbert c. Disler and Em-
nett II. Joyce hope 10 have the
flfst-round slate clear by the end
Of this week.
Last Wednesday the 3oist team
defeated 3p8, B-3. Pvt. Williar,
Linderman. pitcher. allowed only
two hits and famed IL men.
Thursday, sol made IL two In
row, downing 303, 1915. The 3p8
victory came Thursday In TO
thriller over 400.
a..
The Keesler field news., 1942-08-19
Spackman Holds
KeesIer Batting
Lead with .467

Keesler's baseball Commandos
suffered 18-point drop in the
team batting average while losing
four out Of five games during their
recent slump. Sgt. Bob SpaclSman
Of the 309ih Tech. Sc. So. con-
tinues his terrific hitting TO hold
first place among the teams regu-
lars with 40 or more times at bat.
His ,467 average represents an in
crease Of is points in the last five
games.
The Commandos as team are
hitting .3l6, still fast clip. The
entire team. including players no
longer with the club, have hit safe
ly 258 times in 809 turns at bat.
Sergeant Spackman, in addition
TO holding top honors among the
hitters, has played the greatest
number of games, has more "at
bats" runs, hits and runs-batteo-
in than any other Keesler player.
Sgt. John Carey Of the 4l4th still
holds the lead in most extra base
hits with IL including eight dou-
ktnu .nI 4b~aa hnrx.1 rts.e
The Keesler field news., 1942-08-19
Keesler Drops
SoftbaII Tits
To Pensacola

Naval Ar Station athletic teams
continued their mastery over
Kcesler sports organizations last
Sunday when the Gosling sofsbaii
team from Pensacola. Pa, whip
ped the loeai soisbsli Commands
IN both erds of double header.
50 and 6-3. AZ the Veterans. Fs-
eiHy diamond.
Tic rivalry between the two
service fields opened early in June
when the Pensacola fight team de-
eialvely whipped Keezler batslsrs
a, the Florida base. The Florida
nine won three straight games
from the strong Commando outfit
and ne@ the sofihal team has
taken two victories from Kcesisr.
The only bright spot on the rec
ord vas KeesleT's revenge triumph
in the recent benefit boxing show
he'd in Biloxi
The Goxllngs brought a record
ot 40 wins and oniy five losses
into this series while the Com
mandos had previously been de-
feaied only five times in 81 gameA
A large crowd witnessed the twin
bill and xaH the kcesler team fsa
to take advantage OF frequent op-
/ portunitles leaving many base
runners stranded
The Commands were managed
by s. Sat, Walter pupka OF shs
B32nd who also hurled he OPEN
lng contest S. Sat. Marcel vaa
Wambeke Of the sisth was on Ire
mound In the second tit.
The Keesler field news., 1942-08-19
"Wednesday. August u. 1914
Tests Devised
AS Physical
Setup Grows

One o. the cardinal goals Of the
Army Air Forces is absolute and
complete physical fitness. The
Keesler Field physical education
department has developed = pro-
gram to this end, and 10 check
this programs efficiency a series
Of tests, soon 10 be taken by every
school squadron on the field, has
been devised.
Il has been pointed out that q
recruit or an airplane mechanic
VINO has sluggish body IS more
than likely TO have a sluggish
mind. Il IS to offset this danger
that the tests we're designed as a
part OF Keesler's elaborate and
thoroughly scientific physical
training program.
Under the direction OF J. Frank
Grimm, the Director OF Physical
Training, the series OF squadron
competitions is now taking form
a series that goes hand in hand
with the physical fitness program.
The competitions will be in the
form Of tests for each school squad
ron, with each vying with the
other for top honors. As yet, only
one squadron has been tested. In
this group, the 305th Tech. Sc. So,
competition was held in three div
isions: standing broad jump, floor
dips and chinning, with spproxi-
mately 660 men taking part.
The results:
Pvt. Grnther Nerp and Pvt.
George Stout tied for first In
the broad jump with leaps Of
nine feet. The shortest jump
was five feet. Pvt. Jack Carey
came first In floor dips. with
az, while the lowest was five.
Pvt. Roland III. Steele chin
ned himself IA times TO take
first In this division. with
some of the students falling
completely.
Recently Mr.. Grimm took q
cross-section of the field and the
results were:
Broad jump, feet 3 4-l0
inches; floor dips, 1871 times;
and chinning, 1858 times.
These tests VIII be made regu-
larly in the school squadrons dur
ing the first, eighth and seven
teenth weeks OF study in order to:
Measure the effectiveness Of
the physical training program,
The Keesler field news., 1942-08-19
Music Hour
Tonight at Club

The popular "Nuicracker Suite"
by Tehaikowsky and the patriotic
"Finlandis" by Sibellus viii be
among the recordings featured on
tonights music appreciation hour
in the Post Service Club.
The weekly program, which
starts at 1000 viii be under he
direction OF Pfc. william A. Ar
buckle, OF the Recreation Depart
ment, former professor OF music
appreciation at Notre Dams Uni
verslty. He will comment and give
historical background on the COM
positions.
The entire program Will be
made up Of request numbers by
soldiers who attended last weeks
hour. Scores Of requests were
. submitted 10 Private Arbuckle and
all programs will be built on these
requests.
The programs are arranged by
Mrs Joyce Cassibry, Post Senior
Hostess. and Sgt. Marion Smith, Of
the Hostess House Staff.