davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-01-05
Baltimore Man Invenfs
Tail Liqht for Planes
Wide World News,

BALTIMORE, Jan. 5.-A Balti-
more inventor has tested success
fully q device designed to prevent
airplane pilots from mistaking the
tail lights Of other airplanes for
stars.
Airplane tail lights are white. Last
year the Civil Aeronautics Admin
istration urged development of a
better light.
Charles Adler, jr, whose auto
matte signal devices are widely used
by railroads and highway depart
ments, invented . red-and-white
flashing light. In q series OF tests
in Washington. 1t was decided that
his device was by far the most efIec-
tive among those offered.
Then Otto E. Kirchner, chief en-
gineer Of American Airlines, in
stalled the light on the tail Of an
airliner at New York's La Guardia
Field. AS the plane circled the air
port, the distinctive red-white fash
er stood out clearly from the steady
white lights Of other ships.
Granted q basic patent on the
device, Mr.. Adler promptly assigned
his patent to "the people of the
United States" making it possible
for any manufacturer to begin
making 1t.
Evening star., 1942-01-05


which can contribute anything at
all to winning the war must be
withheld. Nor can any American,
sorrowed by the news from the Phil
ippines, fail to hope with his whole
heart for the day when, as the Brit
ish Prime Minister predicts, we shall
teach the Japanese q lesson which
they and the world will never forget.
Nevertheless, few reflective per-
sons will contend that absorption in
this great purpose should be coupled
with complete indifference to what Is
happening to the normal machinery
Of the Government. Nor can 1t be
successfully argued that such In
difference promotes our war aims.
Quite the reverse.
Test Of National Strength.
This war is q test Of national
strength. While we bend our ener-
gies to making ourselves strong in
the air, on land and on the sea. our
cause is not furthered by permitting
the ordinary governmental agencies
to bog down and decay. 1t Is not
the part Of patriotism to ignore such
tendencies and 1t is no disfavor to
the President to call attention to
them. Clearly, 1t is no greater tax
upon his time and energy to appoint
a good man than to appoint a poor
one. It requires little more effort
to keep the governmental service up
than to let it run down.
But the latter course weakens us
while at war and most assuredly
will plague us very badly when
peace comes. Discerning men here
view with concern the disposition
to let things disintegrate in the
non-defense departments. They feel
that complete absence Of public
comment about this is a disservice
to the Nation and no help to Mr..
Roosevelt.
Various instances Of this dete-
rioration could be cited, but at the
moment the most glaring is the
plight Of the Securities Exchange
Commission. For long time now
this concededly important board has
been steadily sliding down hill. In
the opinion of some it is pretty
close to the bottom now. Chiefly,
this Is due to the extraordinary lack
of stability at the head. The worth
Of such a commission as this de-
pends almost entirely upon its
chairman. The S. E. c. has had
five chairmen in seven years. Last
week 1t lost its latest, who had
served hardly year.
Job Was Stepping Stone.
The five who have headed this
commission since its inception In
1894 have averaged less than q year
and . half. Each has used the Job
as a stepping stone into something
that seemed more desirable. Mr..
Joseph P. Kennedy became Ambas-
sador to England; Mr.. James Lands
became dean Of q law school: Mr.,
Evening star., 1942-01-05
The Greet Come Of Politics
Concentration on War Should Not Allow
Governmental Machinery to Deteriorots

w. o. Douglas went to the Supreme
Court; Mr.. jerome Frank is now
on the Federal bench. and the most
recent chairman, Mr.. Edward c.
Eicher. has just been named for
the District Of Columbia Court by
the President, leaving the board. at
the moment, headless and rudder-
less. Who will be the sixth or when
he will be named no one knows.
The President may MI the vacancy
promptly with some one now on the
board or he may let it drift for q
long time.
In either event, two things are
clear-first, that these continuous
changes In the head Of the board
have impaired It's usefulness and
lessened confidence in its COM
potency; second, the quality of the
chairmen, to put it mildly, has not
improved with the changes. Actually,
the speed with which they have
changed establishes q record. So
swiftly have they followed one an
other that anything like q sustained
and connected policy has been i'm
possible. That fact is that the
S. E. c. Craftsmanship has come now
to be looked upon as a temporary
job in which no one stays very long.
That Is unfortunate for the COM
mission and unfortunate for those
who have to do business with 1t.
Statement Borne Out.
In his appointment Of Mr.. Eicher
as its NTH and last chairman-ap-
parently the President also accepted
the temporary character Of the posi-
ton. At that time the statement
was made that Mr.. Eicher, who had
been an ardent New Deal repre-
sentative from Iowa, really wanted
to be Federal judge. and took the
place with the understanding that
he would be at the first available
opportunity.
Denied at first. the facts fully bear
out this statement. Mr.. Eicher, In
Congress, was one Of the friends of
Tommy Corcoran. then q prime
White House favorite and now one
Of the most energetic Of the defense
lobbyists. Cooperating with Mr..
Corcoran. Mr.. Eicher opposed the
denomination of Senator Gillette,
who was slated as one Of the first
victims of the President purge
of 1888. Senator Gillette. however,
was successful, and Mr.. Eicher was
put on the S. E. c. in obvious re-
cognition of his political services.
He became chairman when Mr..
Frank was made a judge. And now
he has been made judge and the
Craftsmanship is again vacant. 1t
isn't a pretty story-the way this
S. E. c. Craftsmanship has been
batted around from one man to
another. The hope is that the
President this time will name q man
not only qualified to serve and who
has no notion Of using the Job rs .
ladder but who IS not named as q
reward for past political services.
Concentration on the problems OF
the war is no reason the normal
governmental machinery should be
allowed to deteriorate. That does
not help win the war abroad; that
just weakens us at home.
Evening star., 1942-01-05

to resist German pressure for
naval and air bases. Both
Marshal Petain and Admiral
Darlan have adopted a policy of
stringing the Germans along
until the whole political situation
is clarified. But that policy, it
is felt in London, would be aban-
doned if the Luftwaffe gained
spectacular successes against
British naval forces.
When the Axis offensive in the
Mediterranean will begin is any
body's guess, but weather condi-
tions in Southern Europe soon
will be favorable for action.
Evening star., 1942-01-05

matters aside rs
trivial and con-
centrate atten-
ton wholly upon
this titanic con-
hict and the ac-
tivitieS directly
linked Herewith.
Certainly, one
cannot listen to
the portentous
" ds Of Mr..
Roosevelt an d
Mr.. Churchill
and fail to feel
t h q t nothing
Evening star., 1942-01-05
Ry CONSTANTINE BROWN.

ny VOVC TINE 05OVNs
British naval and air authori-
ties are reported to be seriously
concerned over the possibility Of
an all-out attack by German and
italian air forces In the Mediter-
ranean.
Information from the Mediter-
ranean countries indicates that
there are strong concentrations
Of Nad planes at important bases
on the Italian mainland, In Sicily.
Sardinia, Greece and the Greek
Islands, whence the Luftwaf1e
could strike at the British Navy.
Evening star., 1942-01-05
This Changing World
Allies May Soon Have to Meet Problem
Of AII-out Air Attock in Mediterranean

1iciently to permit strong air
reinforcements Of both theaters,
even 1t the expense Of aerial de-
tense Of the continental United
States, the situation would be
far less critical than 1t is. But
We cannot expect to increase our
production sufficiently in . few
weeks to meet emergencies every
where.
British imperial forces In
Malaya already are handicapped
by the lack Of an offensive air
force. They are yielding ground,
not because they are inferior in
numbers to the Jap invaders, but
because the enemy has air su-
periority.
The same inferiority In the air
lost us Manila, and may lose us
the Philippines. The United
States Fleet In the South Pacific
has been compelled to adopt
purely defensive tactics, not so
much because it lacks numbers
Of ships, but because It lacks
necessary air protection.
Need for Reinforcements.
It is assumed In Washington
that in the event the Philippines
fall, the Japanese will initiate an
all-out sea, land and air offensive
against Singapore, Java and
Sumatra. Hence, the need to
rush important air reinforce
ments from every available quar-
ter to Malaga and the Indies.
The Germans are speculating
on whether the anti-Axis powers
could send air reinforcements to
the Mediterranean under exist
ing circumstances. They intend
to test their enemies power Of
resistance, and are believed to
be planning TO attempt to drive
the British Fleet out Of the
Mediterranean.
Such strategy is logical. As
long as the British maintain
strong naval and air patrols in
that sea, the Nazis will have a
hard time attacking the Near
East and the Turks will hesi-
tate to throw in their lot with
the Nads. But If the British are
driven out and lose control Of
the Mediterranean, Turkish neu-
trality would come to an abrupt
end and the last hesitation Of the
Vichy French regime probably
would be overcome.
Vichy Is Reluctant.
For the time being Marshal
Petain and Admiral Darlan, his
vice premier, are doing their best
Evening star., 1942-01-05

to- operate q
school Of walk
ing.
The purpose
Of the school will
be to teach
Americans how
to walk. The far
seeing founder
said he realized
the need OF such
an institution
when he read In
q Gallup poll
that 43 per cent
Evening star., 1942-01-05

tn q eig n t
points of the
A t ! q n t / c
charter is q
unique event
and repre-
sents great
progress in
condu c tin 6
not only the
military b u t
the political
S ira tegy Of
the war.
It is note
worthy that
Evening star., 1942-01-05

UAdlAC 4OI I'LL
employm e n t.
Full-page news
paper advertise
ments blaming
the o. P. M. and
the auto indus
try for not con-
verting automo-
bile plants more
quickly to war
work have been
issued by the C..
I. o. as part of
q general pub
licity campaign
Evening star., 1942-01-05
MutuoIIy Acceptable Concept Of New
World Must Come From People Of Motions

mind and social discipline Of the
Soviet Union, the new life move
ment in China, whose essence b
cooperative economies. and the
stubborn will In America to de-
fend individual freedom to-
Rether with American federalism
no not exclude each other. AL
are needed, in new integrations
and new interpretations, fora
society that satisfies the modern
man.
1t Is impossible for govern
ments to build q new society or
even envision 1t by agreements
between themselves. Govern
ments can create q frame to be
Allied with content. But they
cannot supply the content. That
can , only be supplied by the
people. And If the people accept
the frame, mistaking the shadow
for the substance. they are =
doomed to the most bitter dis
illusionment.
Unless we are to assume that
statements of governments and
military victories in themselves
bring about the results that all
desire-a thesis that no one who
lived through the last war will
accept-and If we are truly to
pursue this war on an interna-
tional scale, as we are forced to
do by the global concepts OF our
enemies, then we, and by we I
mean all the free and conscious
groups in society. must consider
the aims Of the war rs primary
to the prosecution Of the war.
An International Movement.
That implies an international
movement movement Of peo-
ples-that translates national
freedom, international economics,
planned use of resources, and the
spirit of brotherhood, into terms
that can be understood by the
last Chinese coolies, or Japanese
coolie, or German mine worker.
Such q movement cannot be
set up" like q bureaucratic
agency. It must be created, out
of brains, analysis, discussion,
finding points of agreement and
points of differences. and seeing
what amount Of tolerance Is
compatible with essential unity
between overwhelming majori-
ties In all our countries.
Since this war is a struggle OF
peoples to live their physical,
spiritual, and intellectual lives
according to standards acceptable
to themselves-which is the es-
sence of self-government - the
unremitting and candid discus
sion of the issues Of the war is
essential, not only with coun-
tries but between them. and not
only in newspaper articles and
books but in meetings Of the peo-
pie.
Must Be Peoples Discovery.
Modern wars cannot be fought
merely by armies and blind
obedience. but under the elan Of
modified nations, permeated
with ideas-ideas which give
significance and mobility to every
sacrifice. And such ideas cannot
be handed out" by . central
government ONCE, and Sold by
propaganda; they have to be dis
covered by the people in their
own minds, under the stimula-
ton of the natural leaders In
every community and group.
The translation Of formal
agreements between governments
into profound understandings
between peoples is a transcend
ant task Of this war, and can
shorten it by years.
Released by the Bell Syndicate, Inc)
Evening star., 1942-01-05

HE opinions OF the uyes this their not
necessarily The Stars Such opinions presented IN The
Stars effort to otue all sides OF Questons OF interest to It's
readers although such opinions may be contradictory among
themsslues and directly opposed to The Stars
Evening star., 1942-01-05
On the Record
By DOROTHY THOMPSON.

The agreement Of 26 anti-Axis
governments to prosecute the
war In collaboration and for the
common purpose expressed in
Evening star., 1942-01-05
BY. FRANK r. KENT.

SO vast and overshadowing b the
war that 1t blacks out everything
else almost completely. The nat
ural temptation Is to shove al other
Evening star., 1942-01-05
Reuther PIon
Branded as
S c. /. O. Criticism Of
o. P. NJ Called Stort
AS ALL: eaaenn -
OF Abb Season
By DAVID LAWRENCE

The alibi season has begun In
Washington. This time 1t is the
G. I. o. and the auto workers
union who are trying to shift the
Evening star., 1942-01-05
McLennore-
School Of WolkinQ
Begins Its Work
Nv HENRY McLEnaORE.

NEW ORLEANS.-An acquaint-
ance Of mine (name and address will
be furnished II you're snoopy enough
to inquire) has applied for q license
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1942-02-05
OVER THERE:
Netu A.E.F. in Erin

When Uncle Sam landed an intan-
try force of several thousand men
at an undisclosed port in Northern
Ireland, it marked the first ARRIVAL
,of American troops in a European
port since World War No. 1. Com
manded by Maj. Gen. Russell +.
Hartle, the Yank army of brawny'
clean-limbed farm lads from the
Middle West proceeded to camps
prepared months before.
Few doubted that this detachment
was but the advance guard OF many
more to come. It was believed, too,
that the base they occupied might
be the springboard from which an
invasion of Hitler's Europe would
be made.
This view was voiced in the adj
dress of welcome by Sir Archibald
Sinclair, British air secretary, who
said:
"This is a coming portent for Mr..
Hitler, nor will its significance be
lost on General TOTO.
From here, assuredly you will
sally forth with us to carry the war
to the enemy's territory and free
oppressed peoples of Europe 4.
You are the vanguard of American
arms"
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1942-02-05

no YOU like to sew? Then here
- is a grand new pattern to try
your talents Oman apron which is
as simple to make as ABC! Pat
tern No. 1518-B shows too, an
apron which is different, slender
izing, unusually becoming and as
efficient as modern kitchen! The
shoulder straps continue as side
panels and end as good sized,
properly placed pockets-and the
side panels are so shaped that they
give wonderfully slenderizing eff
feet right where you want it most
at the waistline!
Side sashes hold the apron firm
across the front, tie smartly in
back. The straps stay up because
they are fastened directly in back
and the wide side pieces give your
dress full protection.
Barbara Bell Pattern No. 1888 is de-
signed for sizes IA, 16, 10. 20; 40. AZ. and
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1942-02-05
CHANGE IN ATTITUDE
OF BRITISH

DnkA
IN 1918, in company with Sir Eve
Ign Wrench, then a major in the
British army, walked down the
Strand in London. Just in front of
us, walking in the same direction,
was distinguished member of the
British house of lords. Coming
towards us, and towards his lord
ship were four British tommies, arm
in arm. AS they approached, his
lordship stepped off the sidewalk to
let them pass.
''That," I said to Major Wrench,
"typiies the England of the future.
The common man of England has
found that he rates He will no
longer make way for the nobility.
He has defended England and he
knows it,
The recent visit to this country of
Jenny Lee, the Joan of Arc of the
Welsh miners, reminded me of that
incident AS an aftermath of the
present war, she is demanding for
the English working classes such OPP
portunities as the American work.
man has always enjoyed-the chance
to advance and standard of living
that is commensurate with his value
to the nation She and her followers
will get much of what they are de-
manding. The dominance of Eng
lish nobility is passing. Being an
earl or a lord will soon be rather
meaningless.
IN A LIST of 81 major production
lines, the year 1941 established new
records in IL, while the extra-pros-
porous year of 1929 can claim only
two records still standing. If con-
gress would study last years pro-
duction figures and note the 81, 361-
900 workers employed, our represen-
tatives at Washington might feel it
possible to cut out the large ap-
preparations for WPA and relief
as a means of reducing non-military
expenditures with resulting fiscal
benefits.
Buy Defense Bonds
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1942-02-05
GUILTY:
Verdict on, Hawaii

The stunning news that an adj
miral and lieutenant general, the
naval and military commanders re-
sponsible for the defense of Hawaii,
had showed such a lack of compe-
tence that they had failed even to
talk over with each other deliberate
war warnings handed them by their
superior officers on November "a
and q, in ample time to have cir
cumvented the Japanese surprise
attack fell sickeningly on American
ears.
The immediate removal of both
Adm. Husband E. Kimmel and
Lieut.. Gen. Walter c. Short from
their commands after the Pearl Har-
Dor debacle was fully justified by
the investigating commission head
ed by Justice Roberts of the Su-
preme court.
The report had been utterly frank,
comprehensive, and left little I'M
said. President Roosevelt, to whom
it was handed, ordered that it be
given to the public without altera-
ton or censorship.
The words that condemned the
commanders were "dereliction of
duty" But the astounding revela-
tons were twofold-that the COM
manders had shown lack of inter-
est in performing their duty-that
they had failed to talk over with
each other the measures that each
was taking for the defense in the
face of war threat.
The army man had assumed"
that the navy man was sending out
offshore patrols to find where the
enemy might be. The navy man as
sumed that the army airforce was
on the alert. Neither actually was.
Demands for court martials to
mete out punishment to those re-
sponsible for the Pearl Harbor dis
aster were heard from members of
congress. Demands were likewise
made for the expulsion of any Gin
competents" holding responsible po-
sitions in the war effort.
Many senators and representatives
asserted that the commissions con-
illusions pointed to pressing need
for a supercommand with control
over the operations of both armed
services.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1942-02-05
SUPPLY COMMAND:
II. S.-British Pool

The creation of a supreme allied
supply command that will speed
and coordinate the production and
flow of vital munitions and supplies
Ito the fighting fronts was seen IN
the announcement by President
Roosevelt and Prime Minister Wins
ton Churchill that the United States
and Great Britain will pool all mu-
nitions, shipping and war materials
to further coordination of the
United Nations war effort"
Three joint boards have been set
up to merge the combined war re-
sources of the two nations and make
them partners in vital fields of sup
ply in addition to joint military and
naval commands. These new agen-
cies will include a combined war
materials board, munitions assign
ment board and combined shipping
adjustment board.
Board members, it was an
nounced, will confer with represent
atives of the Soviet Union, China
and such others of the 26 United
Nations as necessary "to attain
common purposes"
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1942-02-05
CFlIANY:

New York: A Berlin workers slo-
gan, smuggled out of the Reich, was
broadcast: "We're winning our
selves to death"
Batavia: The Dutch army air
men, in an attack on convoy in
Macassar strait claimed that they
struck large transport carrying
troops, which turned completely
over and rolled about, keel upward.
Berlin: Hitler's own newspaper
printed an article written by Nazi
officer listing IL common faults Of
Americans-that they had too many
automobiles, eat griddle-cakes and
grapefruit, and keep grinning all the
time-among other things.
New York: The CLIO and ALL.
were going ahead with their peace
plans leaving John l.. Lewis very
much on the outside, despite the fact
that he, who had boasted that he
upset former union plans, had sug.
gested this latest effort at unity.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1942-02-05
Qb1MQhQM'HH|'j9gZJj
|U1hagz 49, 95

Always put knife in boiling wa
ter for a few seconds before cut
ting cake that has been iced. Then
you will be able to cut without
breaking the icing.
Oven burned dishes can be
cleaned by soaking them in a solu-
ton of borax and water.
White enamel can be cleaned
with turpentine. Rub with a cloth
moistened in the turps; then with
dry cloth.
Grease the measuring cup be-
fore measuring syrup or molasses
and the ingredients will not stick
to the sides of the cup and there
will be no waste.
Cut off the leg of an old stocking
and stretch it over the new broom
down to short distance above the
ends of the straws. This will pre-
vent it from wearing out so fast
and at the same time make it
better for sweeping.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1942-02-05
(dI!I|i'|la|

U. S. LABOR AND
CLOSED SHOP
LAST SPRING, w. o. Hart, edi-
tor of the Orange (Calif.) Daily
News, under a heading "The Fifth
Freedom" wrote and printed an
editorial which has attracted nation
wide interest and has been reprint
ed from the Pacific to the Atlantic
Seaboard.
In that editorial, Hart demanded
for American workers the right to
employment without the payment of
tribute to labor racketeers; the right
to join or not to join union, as
they chose. He insisted the right to
work was the basic right of all free
doms, that without it all other rights
were valueless.
The "closed shop" principle, for
which labor racketeers are contend
ing, is a violation of the constitu-
tional privilege of the more than
so million American workers now
employed, of which only about one
fourth are members of unions.
Labor racketeers would say to the
other three-fourths that they could
not work to support themselves and
their families without paying tribute
such amount of tribute as the
racketeers may levy.
We have been suffering from
minority rule. Congress has listened
to these organized blocs in the mat
ter of legislation. Congress has
failed to realize they are but minori-
ties and do not represent a major
ity of the American people. Con-
gress will find a majority of the
American people will vote out of
office any group of senators or rep
resentatives who attempt to impose
upon them any law that deprives the
worker of "Bill' Harris fifth free
dom"-the right to work without the
payment of tribute to union racket
GERS.