davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-05-04
kinq Mindon's City

Americans who have been to Man
dalay will remember the former
capital Of Independent Burma for
a number Of relatively inconsequen-
tial things. One of these unfor-
gettable details was the beauty of
the lotus flowers, pink and white,
in the moat Of the prodigious palace
of King Mindon. The lovely blossoms
were not, there by accident. Probably
the royal master who set them in the
quiet water regarded them as a
symbol Of his own distinctive regal
being. He slept in brick and plaster
mauSoleum the walls of which were
crowned by a seven-storied spire of
gold
Nearby was the lion throne of the
Burmese monarchs, also surmounted
by "shwepyathat" of similar height
and brilliance. The people of the
city, with a peculiar pride, enjoyed
telling strangers that the spot where
Mindon sat in splendor was the
veritable center of the universe"
Since it was the center of Mandalay
and Mandalay the center of Burma,
they argued, it certainly must be the
hub Of the cosmos.
More notably friendly were the
crowds in the twenty bazaars for
which the town had been famous
for decades. Vendors Of fruits,
vegetables and cereals; makers of
toys, umbrellas, household furniture
and decorations; silversmiths, lac
quer workers, silk merchants, traders
in every conceivable commodity
occupied the long streets of stalls.
Burmese matrons in characteristic
brightly colored petticoats and white
jackets moved from shop to shop
attended by servants to carry their
purchases. Groups of young girls
with flowers in their hair and long
cigars-Kipling's "whackin white
cheroots ts'-Strolled about with the
natural arrogance of youth, existing
W NC anu NY llO IIledlS us
appointed. Their audiences included
mixture Of raceS-Chins from the
mountains Of the west; Shans from
the hills and valleys of the east;
Kachins from the north; Palaungs,
Manipuris, ZerbadiS, Arabs, Hindus,
Chinese, few Europeans. In the
motley throngs the appearance of an
occasional British officer was not
necessarily resented. The melting
pot" of Mandalay required a strong
hand to keep it from boiling over.
A natural question was whether the
power of the British governor were
forceful enough.
Just now the mohur trees around
King Mindon's city are blooming.
They are golden trees, named for
golden coins. Americans who have
seen them in their glory will think of
them now with sorrow, considering
that Mandalay, reduced to blackened
ashes, has vanished from the earth.
Evening star., 1942-05-04

opposing Imperialism in all its forms
and extending the pledge of statehood
in this union to all other peoples who
are prepared to give the guarantees of
individual freedom which all its men,
bers grant to one another, including in
this pledge those peoples now under Axis
dictatorship who aid in the common
victory by overthrowing their dictators.
I'VE believe that the world impera-
lively needs an al-inclusNe interna-
tional organization in which the United
States. the British Commonwealth,
China, Russia, India and the other
powers known as the United Nations
should take the lead; that this associa-
tion should be organized Immediately;
that 1t should include in its membership
as many countries as can be induced to
join; that it must be predicated upon q
limitation Of national sovereignty and
that 1t should contain such elements of
federalism Is are found to be practi-
cable.
I'VE appeal to all Americans who
cherish these principles to unite with US
in Federal Union, Inc, to secure the ex-
ecution Of this program. We have
nothing easy to offer. We have some
thing great to do, something we can do
only II we each do our best, together"
JOHN HOWARD FORD,
National Treasurer.
Federal Union, Inc,
Evening star., 1942-05-04
Suqur and Ships


The long arm of total war will
reach into every American home this
week as housewives register their
families for the ration books which
will permit them to buy each week
one-half pound of sugar for each
member of the household.
This will be something of a nui-
sance, and it means that most people
will have to practice self-denial to
get along with the small sugar allot-
ment. 1t is necessary step in the
winning of the war, however, and be-
cause that is the case the people
will accept it cheerfully.
There has been a great deal of
confusion with respect to the sugar
situation. Some have doubted
whether there is a shortage; others
have believed that an artificial
shortage has been created by the un-
necessary diversion Of sugar to in
dustrial and war uses. The fact of
the matter seems to be that there is
a real shortage, but it is a shortage
of ships rather than sugar. The
story has been summed up in clear
terms by the Sugar Journal, publi-
cation of the sugar industry
According to the Journal, if all
desires were satisfied, the demand for
sugar this year would approximate
8,500,000 tons. The total available
supply in the United States in 1912
is about 100000 tons. There is
plenty of sugar nearby-3, 500, 900
tons in Cuba, 10000 tons in Puerto
Rico, and 100000 tons in Hawaii.
But before this sugar could be made
available in this country 1t would
have to be transported in ships
across miles of submarine-in infested
water. And the ships simply are not
available.
Enemy submarines, carrying the
war across the broad oceans to our
shores, have been taking a heavy toll
Of shipping. And while ships are
being sunk at an alarming rate the
war production of American facto-
ries is rising swiftly. Ships and more
ships are urgently needed to trans
port this swelling output of military
equipment to the combat fronts
where American boys and their allies
are locked in battle with our enemies.
Thus does the issue narrow down.
Which is the more important: An
abundance Of sugar in American
households, or the use of every avail
able ton of shipping space to carry
the guns and munitions so des-
perately needed to the battle fronts?
The question answers itself. The
people of this country will accept
their meager sugar allotments and
accept them cheerfully. If neces-
sary, they will 60 without sugar, and
they will give up anything else, If by
doing so they contribute to the win
ming of the war.
Evening star., 1942-05-04
Vargas Firm Stand

Because Brazil lies closer to the
Old World than any other part of
America, this country should well
come all signs of Brazilian desire to
cooperate with the United Nations
in repelling any Axis attempt to
move through that country from the
Old World into the New For that
reason the May Day labor speech of
President Getulio Vargas was heart
ening. He declared boldly his con-
tempt for Axis threats. He set forth
the sorry picture of the role of labor
in the Axis countries and told the
workers of Brazil that the Axis is
the enemy of the workers. Although
President Vargas was injured in an
automobile accident and therefore
unable to give the speech in person,
his Labor Minister read it for him
and made clear that the words were
the words OF Vargas. The speech
Evening star., 1942-05-04
Letters to the Editor
Urges Campaign Of Propaganda
To Influence Older Germans.

Oi8SS O0AAPoA8h VI LIVk08AhuA
To Influence Older Germans.
To the Editor of The Star:
What are we doing to expose the Hit
Ter lie that this Is "a war for the exist
ence of the German nation? While we
must hammer out Of German heads for
ever the idea that they are . master
race" we also must hammer into them
the proposition that If they renounce
Hitler and his clique and lay down their
arms, the United Nations will guarantee
them a just peace, without revenge.
It is said that the propaganda front
is left largely to the British. Is this
wise? Don't the Germans trust US q
little more than the British? And with
much German and some Italian blood
in our veins, may we not even better
understand the Axis mind and how best
to work on it?
We might begin with the older half
OF the German population, who remem-
ber the republic. They are the backbone
of the munitions industry. A little slow
down or sabotage on their part would
cripple the Nazi war effort.
The stakes are tremendous. II We
could bring even fraction of these peo-
pie around to our way Of thinking, we
might greatly shorten the war.
Germany must be bombed not only
with explosives but with the truth. Prop
aganda is still the greatest secret weap-
on" Why neglect It?
ROBERT 8. FIELD.
ViDe1and NJ J.
Evening star., 1942-05-04
Roll Service Chances

Extensive reorganization of rail-
road passenger service on Nation
wide scale is in prospect under the
impending restrictions announced
by Director Eastman of the Office of
Defense Transportation.
Elimination Of the Implications in
the high-speed service with which
the rail carriers have been compet-
ing for business in the past decade
will be the major change made in
the new effort to make more equip
ment available for wartime needs.
More important, however, because of
its implications, is the proposal to
substitute buses for train service
where the traffic load-and the rub
Der situation-will permit.
There is nothing new about this
principle, of course, for the rail car
riers steadily have been converting
improbable lines into bus routes,
but invariably over the vigorous
protests of the communities involved
and from labor displaced by the
shifts. 1t is doubtful therefore if
there has been nearly as much done
In this direction as is possible, and
the lag has meant just that much
unnecessary expense to the railroads.
The underlying principle of the
Eastman program is large-scale CO.
ordination, with the respective car
riers handling the traffic to which
they are best adapted This is the
plan of operation long envisioned by
that school of thought in the trans
portation industry which has con-
tended that a}stable national trans
Evening star., 1942-05-04
Family Homestead

Vigorous their arms, and rigorous
their faith,
Who shaped these ratters from the
solid oak;
They sau the future, like a beckon-
ing ioraith,
Rise from, this hearthstone, in the
punoent smoke.
And in their toll and hopes could
clearly see
The link that bound them to pos
terity.
For home and country-tast-knit
Dds the tie
As are the paters OF eonpergfng
streams;
And so ,oith fading lite they loneed
Close to this symbol OF their
earthly dreams,
Till nop at last their co11ned bodies
fill
The struggling graveyard on q nearby
hill.
And those who sought adventures
i0ay and deed
Euaded not the insistent reaching
hands
OF this old home that they forsook,
to speed
Across strange oceans into alien
lands.
For often its remembered image Ian
Beneath their erelids at the break
OF day.
HELEN CONNOLLY.
Evening star., 1942-05-04
Compares Office Workers Lot
With That of Soldiers.
To the Editor Of The Star:

40 tne EolJor Oh nc Sthr.
In letter signed M. Sherrod an ap-
peal is made for the overworked Federal
employees, but in my opinion the Gov
eminent workers here are shown every
consideration, with streetcars and buses
on certain schedules and stores kept
open at night for their convenience.
II any one at such time as this feels
that few hours extra work for his
country is an injustice, he should take
vacation with our boys in the Philip
pines. work the hours they do, and then,
l feel assured, there would be no more
complaint about overwork.
With the sacrifices so many are max
ing at this time, we never should COM
plain Of little extra work in the safety
OF an office building. s. F. BOWIE.
Evening star., 1942-05-04

may have been prompted by German
attempts to dissuade Vargas from
going further with his program Of
wartime cooperation with the
United States, a program already
well developed. The Brazilian Presi-
dent has now indicated, however,
that Brazil will go ahead with us arm
in arm as a acknowledgement partner,
and will fight beside us if the neces-
Sity arises.
Evening star., 1942-05-04

@. How long do May flies hve7-A. @.
A. The adults OF some species Of May
flies live only a few hours and those OF
longest life exist only two days. They
eat nothing and their only purpose Is to
reproduce their kind.
@. Upon what occasion did Speaker
Thomas B. Reed refer to the United
States as a billion-dollar country?-
A. E. s.
A. When the Fifty-first Congress
raised the level of Government expendi-
ture $l70, ,0O0, 900 above that reached by
any of its predecessors, the total approx
imated billion dollars. giving rise to the
popular nickname ''Billion-Dollar Con-
gress." This criticism was dismissed by
Speaker Reed with the remark, This II
q billion dollar country"
@. What English poet was noted for
his love Of walking?-C. D. M.
A. william Wordsworth delighted m
daily walks. Thomas De Quincy said OF
him that on those identical legs he must
have traversed q distance that would
have taken him seven times around the
world
@. How does the standard Of living
IN Australia compare with that Of the
United States?-M. B.
A. The Department Of Commerce re-
ports that the standards Of living in
Australia are high, being comparable
to those enjoyed in this country.
@. What is the origin of the express
sion "a whited sepulchre"?-K. ].
A. 1t Is from the Bible, Matthew
xxiii27 WOE unto you. scribes and
Pharisees, hypocritesI for ye are like
unto whited sepulchres, which indeed
appear beautiful outward, but are within
full of dead mems bones, and all un-
cleanness."
@. Who was the woman who disguised
herself as q man and fought in the Revo-
lutionary War?-T. r. ".
A. Deborah Sampson, disguised as
man, fought two years in the War of the
Revolution. Honorably discharged, she
received . pension which, upon her
death, passed to her husband rs the
surviving spouse.
@. Why is . person entitled to wear
uniform said to be ''in multi" when in
civilian clothes?-P. T.
A. The term originated In British In
dia. Literally, 1t means . Mohamme-
dan oflcial who expounds the law and
acts as magistrate. The use of the word
for plain or civilian clothes instead of
uniform may have been suggested by
the loose flowing robes of the multi.
@. What is the origin Of the name
Canada?-A. r. B.
A. The name Canada" is derived from
the Iroquois Indian word "Kanada,"
meaning "a cabin" 1t began to take
place on the map soon after Carriers
voyages.
Evening star., 1942-05-04
Alley Dwelling Funds

If the Senate restriction on Alley
Dwelling Authority funds was merely
a question of temporary diversion
of this money to the war effort there
would be little cause for complaint.
The danger is that this action, if &C
cepted by the House, may mean the
end of the sound financial plan the
agency has followed for seven years
to make the alley reclamation pro-
gram self-Sustaining operation.
After Congress and the President
provided the original $685., 900 to re-
build the alley communities, A. D. A.
worked out what is known as an
economic rent scale that is, a
scale sufficient to meet every item of
expense. Thus, the agency has been
maintaining the properties and pre-
pairing to build up a reserve on the
basis of a Sixty-year estimated life
of the structures by obtaining from
Congress permission to carry for
ward and use its unexpended bal
ances and rent collections from year
to year.
The Senate Appropriations Com
mittee first voted to strike this per-
mission from the House bill in its
entirety. Later Senator McKellar,
Democrat, of Tennessee, in charge of
the bill, recognized that this would
even prevent the agency from COL
lecting the rents. On his motion the
Senate agreed to make 10000 avail
able for maintenance, and to retain
three employees. The rents amount
to about $55,000 year, not counting
unexpended balances.
But this Senate modification still
overturns the sound, long range plan
of financing, because it requires all
rents to be covered into the general
funds of the Treasury. This means
that in the future Congress would
have to make direct appropriation
each year for operation and upkeep.
The uncertainty of how much Con-
greSs would allow each year might
make it impossible to follow any sys-
tematic plan of repair and amortiZa-
tion. The rents, going directly into
the Treasury, would no longer bear
any fixed relation to the cost of oper-
alton, and it is more than likely that
the cost of maintenance would be
greater. Under the revolving fund
there is an incentive, indeed a ne
cessity, to be economical in order to
keep the properties self-sustaining
The Senate's proposal, therefore,
is not an economy move, but basic
revision OF the Self-Sustaining theory
Of accomplishing alley reclamation.
The Senate committee also moved to
abolish the revolving fund of the
Tennessee Valley Authority and sub
stitute direct appropriations, one of
the arguments advanced for the
change being that T. v. A. is not sub
tect to supervision by the General
cannot be made in the case of the
Alley Dwelling Authority, which must
submit its expenses to the General
Accounting Office and to the Budget
Bureau.
1t is to be hoped the confereeS will
reconsider the Senate amendment
and permit A. D. A. to continue to
demonstrate that low-cost slum-
IL l.
sustaining basis.
Evening star., 1942-05-04
Outlines Present Aims
OF Federation Movement.

To the Editor of The Star:
Father Coughlin, Gerald L. K. Smith,
David Baxter and Representative Glare
E. Hoffman have opposed and con-
demned the movement for union OF
democracies known as Union Now, or
ganized as Federal Union. Inc. and in
the Congressional Record Mr.. HOFFMAN
attacked Justice Roberts, Secretary
Ickes and others as supporters He
based his position directly upon the fact
that we who favor Union Now are citi-
zens proposing that our Government
transfer certain sovereignties to q new
and larger governmental body. It may
be noted that this is exactly what was
proposed in 1887 by Washington, JET
ferson and Madison, citizens of the SOW
ereign State of Virginia.
For the information of your readers.
who may wish to Judge whether they
approve or disapprove of this widely dis
cussed movement, I submit the follow
ing statement Of policy, formally adopted
by the board of directors of Federal
Union, Inc. April 27, 1912:
Living as we do in a period of swift
and violent transition exceeding in op-
portunity and danger even the days of
the American, English and French revo-
lutions, and believing that man holds
within himself, through mind and soul,
the power of growth and promise of de-
velopment; and that, by cooperative
effort he can and must extend the areas
controlled by reason: We, Federal
Unionists, propose action on the follow
ing parallel lines as a realistic program
to win this world revolutionary war for
the freedom, prosperity and peace of
the common man.
I'VE believe that we can best preserve
and extend those basic freedoms which
are the great heritage of Western civili-
zation by forming now behind the
strongest possible Bill of Rights. and
within the framework of the broadest
possible international organization,
Federal union of those peoples with
whom we have compelling natural ties,
Evening star., 1942-05-04
Discusses Observations
On Motor Trip in Wartime.
To the Editor Of The Star:

49, AAAF Az w - shAICs
To the Editor Of The Star:
have Just returned from a 75O-mile
trip. extending over flve days, through
Maryland, including the Eastern Shore;
Delaware and New Jersey, and was
pleasantly surprised to see how the mo-
toring public in general is endeavoring
to conserve both gasoline and tires by
driving at greatly reduced speed. We
enjoyed our trip from every standpoint:
we never got tired, though we motored
long hours After driving for some time
at IS miles per hour, one adjusts ones
self to that speed. We had been get
ting 10 miles per gallon-we got 13 on
this trip. We had further benefit--we
found ourselves calm, collected and un-
hurried in everything we did. There
was no tenseness.
But-and there is a big butt must
confess that those who, like us, were
travelling at leisure rate, were using
their own tires, while those riding on
other peoples tires raced by as usual
Buses, trucks and delivery wagons left
us far behind.
1t would seem that if our inadequate
stock Of tires is to be conserved some
consideration should be given to the
serious abuse of tires by fast schedules
of buses, unnecessary speed of trucks
and delivery wagons. In Delaware, on
Route 40, we were passed by a huge
12-wheeled truck, which must have been
going at so or 55 miles per hour with a
load Of baled waste cardboard. Certainly
there was no need for such speed for
that type Of load.
We were happy to note that many
of the auto graveyards along the high
ways are being worked over. but there
are many others still to be cleaned up.
ENNALLS WAGGAMAN,
Commander In chief,
Military Order Of the World War.
Evening star., 1942-05-04

Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address of
the 10riter, although the use of
q pseudonyn1 for publication is
permissible. The Star reserDes
the right to edit all letters NTH
q DietD to condensation.
Evening star., 1942-05-04
Honey and Some Of Its Uses

Honey and Some Of Its Uses
Substituting honey for sugar is
the answer to the rationing Of
sugar, and here is q little Gov
ernment leaflet that will tell you
about honey, its uses and its food
value. Includes excellent reci-
pes for confections, honey drop
cookies, honey nut bread, and
also tells how to adjust cake
recipes for honey. To secure your
copy Of this publication inclose S
cents in coin, wrapped In this
clipping, and mail to The Star
Information Bureau.
Name
Address
Evening star., 1942-05-04

=, The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to
the use for republication of all news dispa tches
credited to it or not otherwise credited in this
paper and also the local news published herein.
AL rights of publication of special dispatches
herein also are reserved
Evening star., 1942-05-04
Huskin's Answers
To Questions
BIZ Frederic J. Hdskir.

A reader cdn get the ans,ner to any
question OF fact BY trritino The wush-
inoton Star Information Bureau,
Frederic J. Haskin, director, Wash
ington, d. c. Please iaclose stamp for
return postage.
@. 1t is said that the commerce Of the
United States Is In urgent need of n
new coin-one for 121a cents. Who
would have the authority to order such
coinage, and how long would 1t take TO
get it into circulation?-F. H.
A. Such coinage would have 10 b au-
thorized by Congress, and no one can
tell how long such legislation would
take.
@. According TO census returns. what
is the average age in the United States
today?-C. T. D.
A. One of the most amazing rsvela-
tions Of the 1910 census Is that the
average American today is 2s years old,
as compared with 26.l in 1890 When
such computations were frst made, he
was but Is. This means that there has
been . reduction of infant mortality on
one hand and extension Of longevity on
the other.
Evening star., 1942-05-04
Delivered by Carrier-City and Suburban.
Rates by Mail-Payable in Advance.
mi
Member of the Associated Press.

Entered seco nd-claSs matter post office,
Washington, D. c.
Evening star., 1942-05-04

The Evening Star Newspaper Company.
Main once: 11th st. and Pennsylvania Ave
New York Office: 110 East 42nd St.
Chicago once: ABS North Michigan Ave.
Evening star., 1942-08-30
24.95 LIVING.ROOM
CHAIRS

Take your pick at sowing!
Button-tufted club chairs in
figured cotton tapestry, grip
arm lounge chairs covered with
cotton tapestry and Chippendole
BorreI chairs in cotton-ond-
royon motelosse. Chairs, Fourth
Floor, The Hechf Co.
Evening star., 1942-08-30

Halt Yearly Sale Priced
Solid maple chairs up
hoIstered in gay fIoroI-
printed chintz. Any
one is yours for just
$50 during our Half
Yearly Sole. Chairs,
Fourth Floor, The Heeht Co.
Evening star., 1942-08-30

Half Yearly Sale Priced
Rope ledge desk with
eight roomy drawers.
And you have your
choice Of woInut or mo-
hooony finished gum
wood, with 2lx42-ineh
veneered top. Desks.
FosYtk Floor, The Hsekf Co.
Evening star., 1942-08-30

Half Yearly Sale Priced
Note the smart simulated
leather scots and note I
you can get your chair in woI- !
nut or mahogany finished
eunnwood for just S.. Chairs.
Fourth Floor, The Hecht Co.
Evening star., 1942-08-30
; STYLES! Famous Chesterfield Sofas

Chippendoe Lawson Tuxedo Take your pick at HoYeory
Sale Savings! They're all ChesterfieId and know what
that meons The styles authentic The workmanship coefu
and eticuous Only decorator fobc have been used Only
solid cherry omes finished in rich glowing mahogany And the
uurousy soft spring filled cushions reversible All expensive
details you'd find expensive sofo Living Room
Fs~issre Fourth Floor, The Heh Co.