davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-07-17

Rundstedt and Book took a different
view, with Book arguing that "the Rus
slams certainly are numerically stronger,
better armed with more modern ma
chimes and planes than we, but our
leadership is far superior That might
save us. I doubt it, but at all events we
must make one more supreme effort, say
six weeks of full-blast offensive, throw
ing into the scales every ounce we have.
If we could reach the Urals and Baku
before the end of autumn and cut the
lease-lend routes to Murmansk and As
trakhan we might stand chance after
all. If that fails we shall admittedly
face the same situation as In 1918, but
we could still negotiate"
Books argument carried the day and
the plan was adopted without consulta-
ton with Hitler whose formal consent
was taken for granted. It is this plan
which Is under way today with Book and
Rundstedt playing key roles in the Na1
drive across the Don and now aiming
for the vital Volga communications links
200 miles to the east.
tcopyrisht. 1912, By The Star and North
American Newspaper Antancs)
Evening star., 1942-07-17
ARLINGTON, Va

Dear Sir:
Here Is a conversation I overnear
every day among the birds, above the
general chorus of feathered songsters.
There are II different voices and the
infection in each case suits the words ::
Peter, Peter. Peter, Peter, Peter!'
What is it?"
See here, see here. see here. see here"
In a minute, in a minute. in a
minute"
Hurry up, hurry upl'
I'm coming-Im coming"
Look here Look here!"
Pretty, pretty, pretty, pretty, pretty,
pretty"
"Oh, see! Oh, see!"
Where you from9 Where you from9
Where you from?"
"Keokuk."
so What?" In much deeper tone
than all the others(
Il think the one that calls Peter Is
the tufted titmouse, and the one who
repeats Pretty so many times the blue
gray gnatcatcher, but I am not sure.
other participants in the conversation?
The mockingbirds are a delight to
me, and the Bob whites call, and that
of the whip-poor- will lend minor note
to emphasize the cheeriness of the
whole summer operetta
Sincerely yours, r. M McC."
If We were a bird, we would adopt the
Hawaiian language for our songs, rather
than English.
just how our correspondents birds
came to take up English for their tongue
we co not know.
The Hawaiian language Is so full of
vowels that any bird would enjoy talk
ing in It,
The French language, too. would be
better than English. for bird talk. 1t
has many peculiar gutteral sounds
which many birds would enjoy making.
All bird song is not melody, by long
shot. Many species have various clucks
and rasps in their songs. These often
are not to be heard except at a short
distance.
The wood thrush is one. He sings a
fine four-part song, as every one knows,
out not every listener realizes that be-
tween each part he puts an assortment
of grating sounds.
The first time listener is near enough
to thrush to hear the complete song,
he may be slightly taken aback.
Can this be, ne asks himself the
lovely song which I have enjoyed so
much?
Yes, it is, and this is 1t in its COM
plete form. After listening for some
time, the observer will be willing to
admit that the harsh portions 60 very
we'll with the rest; that they do, in
deed, set the sweeter parts off in
very good way and make the whole song
the better for them.
Evening star., 1942-07-17
THIS AND THAT
Bu Charles Z. TrdcetUeH.

No two listeners hear the songbirds
the same.
And this, of course, for the very simple
reason that birds do not use words.
They know no language, except ma
ture's.
They make musical sounds, but they
do not SAY words This seems so
| PLAIN. that it Sllosld not need to be
stated but 1t seems almost impossible
| to convince some persons that song
birds do not use English as she is writ"
In fact, judging from many listeners,
the birds not only know English, but
they have taken college courses. as we'll
Our correspondent even makes them
know geography.
Bird songs are interesting because
they are not talk.
They are, in other Words, what has
been called pure music.
Their voices are their instruments
Perhaps readers have heard a group OF
singers who initiate musical instruments
Some of these singers do it very well
One initiates saxophone, another the
bass viol and so on.
They make sounds instead of words.
This is exactly what the birds do. If
any human listener wants to think he
hears words, instead of sounds, that is
up to him. What he would hear, how
ever, would depend upon his race
A Frenchman would hear French
words, a Dutchman would hear Dutch,
and so on through all the races and
languages of man
This proves that the birds really say"
nothing at all.
What they are doing is singing with
out words This is SO foreign to most of
us, of course, that many of us simply
cannot grasp the idea of singing without
language.
Songs Without Words
This title used by Mendelssohn for a
group of his lighter offerings pretty we'll
fits what the birds do.
Songbrds, many of them are called,
but the songs they sing are, literally,
songs without words"
1t is impossible, therefore for any one
accurately to identify birds by somebody
else's idea of what the birds may be
saying"
The groupings of syllables may show
something or other. Pretty, pretty,
pretty" etc, might be one listeners idea
for one of the songs of the jay, and still
another listeners idea of what the cardi-
nal says"
Imaginative persons hear as many
words to the thrush's song as there are
persons to listen and interpret.
Hurry up" let us say, might be the
thrush, and then again it might not.
Many persons hear this song Mary Lee"
and the very next listener might express
1t 'Merrily, merrily," etc.
We believe that more just apprecia-
ton OF bird music is achieved if the
listener resists the temptation to put
words to the notes.
Evening star., 1942-07-17

Songs about the rose are sumo
To praise its pleasant scent.
And eulogies on n1ignonette
And stock are eloquent.
But there's another perfume still
That prompts this little tune
The fragrance of cloper field
A ,0hite or yelloW clouer field
A honey-S,oeet, sDeet-cloper feld
A-blossomtng In June.
Mdtthiola breathes its scent
Only on evening afr,
And one must stoop If he pould .n;1
What roses haze to share.
But cloper fields are generous
And morning. midnight. noon
A broad and blooming cloper field
A 'ohite or yello1o cloper feld.
A honey-sweet, sUeet-cloper Jield
Spills fragrance ouer June
ELo1sE WADE HACKETr.
Evening star., 1942-07-17

be seen. for Congress, at the same
time, is in process of passing legisla-
ton requiring the Government to
make full parity loans to farmers on
six major crops. The inevitable
effect of this will be to drive some
prices much higher. In fact, it may
more than wipe out the prospec-
tive advantages of the subparity
feeding program. In these circum-
stances, any public self-congratula-
ton at this time would be decidedly
premature.
Evening star., 1942-07-17
Huskin's Answers
To Questions
BIZ Frederic J. Haskin.

A reader can get the ansDer to any
question OF fact by UrtttnQ The Epe-
ming Star Information Bureau, Fred
eric J. Haskin, director, Washington,
d. c. Please inclose stamp for return
postage.
Q. Does a man serving in the Navy
have to pay for his uniforms7-A. W..
Med.
A. Men serving their original en-
hstment in the United States Navy are
entitled to credit for clothing in the
amount of approximately SlI895. En-
listed men are required to buy their
own uniforms after the original issue.
@. How fast does Q tank travel7-
P. w.
A. The book. New Ways Of War, =
says that German tank can travel
40 feet in one second. Guerrilla tank
fighting is fast and dangerous busi-
ness. After throwing his grenade the
dynamiter must either drop fiat, or AL
low himself only two or three seconds to
get away. The safest place around d
tank is said to be about six inches from
it. while the most dangerous distance
Is probably about 200 yards.
Evening star., 1942-07-17
Praises Articles
On Installment Buying.

To the Editor OF The STAR .--.-
Just line Of appreciation to The Star
for the public service it has done in pub
fishing the Carter Brooke Jones series on
the Federal installment purchase regu-
lations which went into effect July 10.
This service was in the interest not only
OF retail merchants, but of the public
as we'll. Our association members have
been in consumer credit business" for
thirty years and we should know where
of we speak when we commend the at
tention of every one to the splendid series
by Mr.. Jones. 1t was an able handling
of highly technical and vital subject.
Thus have some of our members char
acterized the articles.
1t is too bad copies we're not available
for distribution to customers by credit
managers of retail establishments. Had
they been, considerable very natural
annoyance of customers might have been
eliminated.
RICHARD H. STOUT.
President, Morris Plan Bankers Asso-
citation.
Evening star., 1942-07-17
Success in War

The NaVyS cOmmunlque on the
battle of Midway tells the story of a
great victory-how it was fought and
enough. from reading the report, that
the key to ultimate success in this
war Is to be found in what was done
at Midway.
There is no need to review all
phases Of the fight, as two incidents
are sufficient to illustrate the essen
tial point. The first involves the
attack on Japanese carrier by a
squadron of fifteen torpedo planes
under the direction of Lieutenant
Commander John Charles Waldron.
Before taking off in search of the
enemy Commander Waldron told his
men: "We will strike, regardless of
the consequences" The torpedo
squadron found the enemy and at
tackled, without fighter support. All
OF the fifteen planes were shot down
into the sea. OF the thirty men who
started out on this mission, only one
survived.
The second incident concerns an
attack on the American carrier York
town by japanese pilots. AS the Navy
described it, twelve to fifteen enemy
torpedo planes, escorted by fighters,
dived toward the carrier. Between
four and seven of the group were de-
stroyed by American fighters. Three
were shot down by antiaircraft fire
before they could launch their tor
pedos. Five Of the enemy broke
through and pressed home their at
tack, but all were destroyed as they
attempted to get away.
The significance of this is that the
japanese, as well as our own men, go
into battle determined to see their
mission through, regardless of con-
sequences to themselves. Defeat, it
is true, was their ultimate fate in this
clash, but on the face of the Navy's
own statement no one can doubt
their fighting qualities. On the con-
trary, the experience at Midway
ought to convince all of us that we
are in for hard and bitter war that
cannot be won with half-hearted
efforts, either on the battle line or
the home front.
There is no reason for concern
about the quality of the effort that
is being put forth in actual combat.
Bataan, the Coral Sea and Midway
have settled that. But what about
the home front? Are those of us who
perform the thousand and one tasks
behind the lines-small, perhaps, in
themselves, but essential in the ag-
gregate to ultimate victory-imbued
with the same high resolve that sent
Commander Waldron and his men
out to attack the enemy, regardless
of consequences? The answer IS, of
course, that we are not. Perhaps the
effort that is being made is a good
one, but it is not our best. Most of
us will never be called upon to pay
the price of victory that was paid at
Midway, but the sum of our national
effort would be infinitely greater if
all could be brought to realize that
wars are won when the people at
home, no less than the men in the
services, are resolved to do or die.
The inspiring story of Commander
Waldron's squadron should help to
that end.
Evening star., 1942-07-17
CupituI's Genesis

! At the beginning OF the l53d year
of the legal existence of the District
of Columbia as the permanent seat
of the Government of the United
States" some useful purpose may be
served by pausing to consider the
development of the original purpose
of Congress and the course of that
purposes fulfillment.
The Residence Act, passed by the
National Legislature assembled in
Philadelphia, July 16, 1890, was FORE
shadoWed from the start of the
movement to separate the American
Colonies from the British crown. 1t
is suggested, at least inferentially, in
both the Declaration of Independ-
ence and in the Constitution.
How the need for a capital first was
| dramatized is story that has been
| told again and again and does not
demand further recital. Suffice it
to mention that a number of mutt
nous soldiers brought the problem to
the fore when they attempted to
dictate congressional policy by
threats of physical violence, June q,
1888. A resolution adopted on that
date domiciled the Government at
Princeton temporarily. 1t also called
for further and more effectual
measures +" for maintaining
the dignity and authority of the
United States" BY October 7 of the
same year the House of Representa-
tives was ready to consider the erec-
tion of "a Federal town" on the
banks of the Delaware near Trenton
or OF the Potomac near Georgetown"
The matter was debated in the
autumn of 1889 and during the fol-
lowing spring. Both Maryland and
Virginia offered ten-mile square
tracts of land for the new city. In
the end the exact location was to be
decided by the President who should
be advised by three commissioners
OF his own appointment.
Under the specific language of the
Residence Act, the Government was
to remain at Philadelphia until the
first Monday in December, 1900; then
"be transferred to the district and
place aforesaid" The Potomac site
was accepted by the Northern group
OF delegates as the result of adjust
ments worked out by Thomas Jeffer-
son and Alexander Hamilton where
by the Federal Union assumed the
financial obligations contracted by
the several States in the prosecution
OF the Revolutionary War. Some
such bargain was reasonable in the
circumstances, and it Is tribute to
the tactfulness of the negotiators
that it was arranged without great
difficulty once it had been agreed
that compromise was necessary.
The task imposed upon Washing
ton was that of evolving out of the
wilderness, within the space of ten
years, a city equipped and ready for
the reception" OF the legislative.
judicial and administrative estab-
hshments. He had the assistance of
Jefferson and James Madison. The
commissioners were Thomas Johnson
OF Frederick, Daniel Carroll of Upper
Marlboro and DR.. David Stuart of
Alexandria. Major Andrew Ellicott
OF Pennsylvania was the surveyor
and Major Pierre Charles L'Enfant.
a native of France, the engineer and
architect intrusted with the actual
design Of the town.
None of those most Intimately
Identified with the creation of the
desired community could have
imagined that they were the spon-
sors OF what now has become in effect
the capital of the world, yet such
is the fact.
Evening star., 1942-07-17

". now many states fatled TO ratify
the 18th amendment?-D. C. L.
A. Only three States did not ratify
the 18th, or prohibition amendement.
They were Connecticut, New Jersey and
Rhode Island.
@. Has Vice President ever pre-
sided at cabinet meeting?-P. r.
A. The only occasion on record Is
when Vice President Marshall presided
at cabinet meeting in 1913 President
Wilson, aboard the George Washington,
directed the meeting to a certain ex-
tent by wireless from midocean,
Q. How many metals were known at
the time of Christ?-D. D.
A. Copper, iron and about five other
metals were known and used In the
time of Christ.
Q. Why do baseball players wear
long sleeved undershirts even In tho
hottest weather?-H. B.
A. Baseball players wear undershirts
simply to absorb perspiration and keep
the body as dry as possible.
@. Who posed for the new portrait
OF Capt. Colin Kelly which is to be
presented to West Points. d.
A. Maj. Saxton, flight instructor at
the United States Military Academy.
posed for the figure composite study
OF the head was made by the artist
Bradford Lambert.
@. What does the abbreviatdon Po
stand for?-L. N.
A. Personality quotient. Psycholo-
gists use the term in measuring personal
relationships of individuals with other
people.
@. How is 1t possible for certain liz
ards to run over the surface OF a river2
&C. j. j.
A. The basilisks Of tropical America
are, so far as is known, the only lizards
that run en- water. Their feet move 30
rapidly that they have no time to sink
and the long, slender tail helps to hold
them up.
@. Which symphony did Tschaikowsky
dedicate to Nine Won Meck?-A. NE.
A. Symphony No. in r Minor" was
dedicated "a mon meilleur ami" TO nv
best friend). This was Nadejda Flare
tovna Won Meek, with whom Tschaikow-
sky exchanged many intimate letters but
never met in person.
@. How is Scotch whisky made?-
G. D. F.
A. Scotch whisky is blend of malt
and grain whiskies which have been
prepared by methods used only in Scot
land. 1t is made primarily of barley.
@. When is the best time to sow the
seeds of perennials?-O. K.
A. The seeds of most perennial
flowers are best sown in midsummer
so that the plants will be of SUFFICIENT
size to bloom the following year. Those
OF perennials which bloom the first year
from seed are best sown in the spring.
Q. Is the Ohio River a right or left
fork of the Mississippi Rivers. Moo.
A. The right bank of q river Is on
the right looking downstream. There
fore, the east side Of the Mississippi
River Is the left bank and the Ohio
River is left bank tributary. -
@. Has Barcelona Cathedral been .
rebuilt?-P. S. I. 81.
A. The Spanish Library OF Inform. %
alton says that the reconstructed ca.
thedral will be inaugurated in October.
Jose Maria Sert is completing a paint
ing for it. re-
Evening star., 1942-07-17
Proof of Reality of War
Glimpsed in Connecticut Avenue.

oL1iIPScU III OUIIIftCIICuC HVtIIUt,
To the Editor of The Star:
Indeed and in truth we are at war
AS sat in my apartment making cheese
cloth bags for coffee for an emergency
feeding unit was suddenly conscious of
hearing hoof beats Of trotting horses I
went to the window and saw two white
mules hitched to big moving machine
trotting right down Connecticut avenue.
It made me realize more than the first
aid, the bomb courses, the radio news and
the blackouts that we really are at war.
DOROTHY CRAWFORD.
Evening star., 1942-07-17

The Children's Book Compiled
especially to provide entertainment
for the younger members Of the
family this little booklet will be en-
joyed by the grownups too, because
the stories and verses included are
from some of the best-loved classics
OF childhood. For vacation times or
rainy days there are riddles, paper
folding, scrambled names and lots of
other interesting things to do. To
secure your copy Of this publication
inclose 10 cents in coin wrapped in
this clipping and mail to The Star
Information Bureau.
Name
Address
Evening star., 1942-07-17
Letters to the Editor

Letters to the Editor must
Dear the name and address OF
the 1oriter, although the use OF
a pseudonynl for publication is
permissible. The Star reSerUes
the right to edit all letters ,Dith
q Uie10 to condensation.
Evening star., 1942-07-17
Favors Sales Tax
As War Expedient.

To the Editor Of The Star:
1t was with very great pleasure that I
listened to two of our able Congressman
discussing the sales tax issue on the
Radio Forum SO admirably sponsored by
The Star.
have been very earnest student of
political issues and democratic gov
ernment and have always been opposed
to sales tax in time of peace for very
good reasons.
But now we are at war. Should such
a tax be imposed for war purposes?
must say yes, for this is war against
every man, woman and child In the
world. So, that we fight it with all our
power and resources in the highest in
terest of social security, it is important
that we try this tax and see how easily it
may be paid and what revenue 1t may
bring to the Treasury.
CHARLES A. COMPTON.
Evening star., 1942-07-17

The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to
the use for republication of all news dispatches
credited to 1t or not otherwise credited in this
paper and also the local news published herein.
All rights OF publication of special dispatches
herein also are reserved
Evening star., 1942-07-17

Advocates Further Pooling
OF Civilian Transportation.
To the Editor of The Star:
At this time when everyone is inter-
ested in helping his country and when
one of the primary ways to do this is
to help conserve rubber, means have
Evening star., 1942-07-17
Member of The Associated Press.

Entered as second-class matter post office,
WASHINGTON. d. c.
Evening star., 1942-10-14
AT 3 LOW PRICES!

A phenomenal event made possible
through the foresight and quick action of
our New York fur buyer! These beautiful,
all.purpose fur fashioned for warmth
and long.lived beauty-are real fashion in.
vestments. MIR. Ziffer, who personally Sc.
lected the coats, will be in our Fur Depart.
ment Thursday, Friday and Saturday to
assist you in your selection.
Nogales international., 1942-08-28
Belts To Help
Set New Wool
Shipping Rate

TUCSON. Aug. 27-AnoS A. Belts,
chairman Of the state corporation
commission, has been named a
member Of a cooperative committee
to serve with the interstate corpor-
alton commission in an inveStiga-
ton of wool and mohair. shipping
rates. It is the third time since the
United States entered the war that
Chairman Belts has been named to
s national cooperative committee.
The meeting will be held at the
Morrison hotel, Chicago, at 10 am
Sept. II.
The committee will assist the
Interstate Commerce commission to
decide rate case of major impor-
lance and one which will affect the
entire nation
The investigation is to determine
the reasonableness and lawfulness
of the rates and charges on wool
and mohair by rail and by rail and
water between all points within the
continental United States.
Four state commissioners will sit
on the committee. They were named
by Frank w. Watson, president of
the National Association of Rail
read and Utilities commissioners.
Belts will represent the mountain
Pacific rate group.
Chairman Belts was one of a
similar committee for the railroads
of the nation when Is per cent
increase in all rates for freight was
considered. He served in the same
capacity when the Pullman COM
pany asked for increased rates.
So far as is known, no other state
commissioner has been appointed
to national groups within the same
period.
Nogales international., 1942-08-28
BARRYS LEAVING
FOR LOS ANGELES

Attorney Frank J. Barry is re-
turning to Los Angeles tomorrow
night following stay g. the Barry
home in the northeast part of the
city. He will be accompanied by
Mrs Barry who is going to the
coast to have some more furniture
shipped to the Barry home which
has recently been extensively re-
modelled. Mrs. Barry will remain
in Los Angeles about month and
en- the return trip to Nogales will
be accompanied by her grand
daughter, Jacqueline Barry Fits,
5, who will stay at the Barry home
until after the war. Jacqueline' S
mother is now in Seattle with her
husband, Lieutenant Commander
William Wilson Fits, who is in
the states on furlough from his
duties on one of the destroyers in
the Aleutian Islands.
Nogales international., 1942-08-28
ROTARY CLUB

Chet RAIDER gave talk on incen-
diary bombs at Fridays Rotary
Club meeting. Rotarian Russ Meek
er gave a report on the recent Boy
Scout swim meet at Tucson in
which Rotary-sponsored Troop No.
n took first place. Guests in addi-
ton to RAIDER were State Tax Com
missioner Warren Peterson, Phoe-
nix; O.. H. Oldfather, Patagonia;
and Ignacio Soto, Hermosillo.
Nogales international., 1942-08-28
A CORRECTION

A CORRECTION
An item in last weeks paper
relative to a special on permanents
at the Montezuma Beauty Shop
should have read Eugene oil per-
manent Exclusively at the Mon
tezumO regular price $3.50, now
$500" The beauty shop also has
reduction on two other items
new Bonat oil permanent, regular
price $3.50, now $500, and regular
$500 permanents now for $3.50.
These offers are for a limited time
only.
Nogales international., 1942-08-28
STEVE SPEAR HERE

Steve Spear OF Phoenix, special
field representative Of the Office of
War Information Bureau Of Public
Inquiries, was a caller Wednesday
at the office of the Nogales inter-
national. He returned to Arizona
Saturday from a two month trip
through western states.