davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1942-01-24
Youth Gets
Revenge After
Two Years
$840.26
Awarded For
Broken Jaw

A judgment OF ss4O.26 was
awarded 22-year-old Jasper Choice.
4i6 Polk. River Rouge. Tuesday
by Circuit Judge Joseph A. Moy-
milan. Choice was suing Detective
Albert Chylla. white for $4,000 for
breaking his jaw on June 20. 1889
while Choice was a prisoner in the
Fort Station.
In handing down the decision,
after listening to testimony for
three days, Judge Moynihan said
he was not convinced OF Chylla's
story that he did not strike Choice
on the jaw while questioning him
on the afternoon OF June 29.
He further declared that he was
convinced the officers who testified
in behalf OF Chylla were attempt
ing 10 shield his assault on the
prisoner.
Choice. in his testimony. accused
Chylla OF smuggling him with his
fst. fracturIng his right jaw. He
said that the white shirt he wore
was bloody and one OF the officers
Continued on page -
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1942-01-24
DEATH COMES
TO PIONEER
DETROITER

Funeral cervices for the late
Rufus Cruzet, 10. OF $50 ErsKine
street, were held Friday afternoon,
January Is. from the Reeves Fun
eral Home In this city. The Rev.
Charles A. Hill. pastor OF Hartford
Avenue Baptist church. ofhciated.
Interment was in Lincoln Memoir
ial Park cemetery.
Mr.. Cruzet, who was born In
Havana, Cuba. in 1863. passed away
at his late residence Tuesday, jan
nary ls. He came to the United
States In 1877. and after attending
Hampton Institute. in Virginia
went 10 New York City. Coming to
Detroit later, he established his
home on Erskine street and marri-
ed Miss Hattie Moore, the late Mrs.
Cruzet.
In 1888. Mr.. Cruzet became en-
ployed by the Michigan Central
railway and held this position for
forty-fve years. being retired on a
pension in 1928.
Surviving the deceased are his
son, Andrew Bob Cruzet, orches-
ira leader: grandson. Robert
Cruzet and a great grandson, Rob
ert Rufus Cruzet. Jr.. also a host
OF friends 10 mourn his death.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1942-01-24
Await Reply To
Appeal From Dc.
Polish Citizens
Join Protest

The protest OF colored residents
81 Detroit against the action ~
Washington housing authorities in
turning the Sojourner Truth De-
Tense Homes over TO whites after
II had been designated for colored
defense workers, was carried 10 the
Detroit Housing Commission Tues
DAY afternoon when delegation OF
white and colored citizens voiced
their opposition 10 the Washington
decision.
The colored representatives. in
cluded the Rev Charles Hill chair
man Ct the committee leading the
protest Gloster Current. secretary
OF the Detroit Branch of the
NAACP: Or. James J McClendon
president OF the Detroit Branch
NACAP. the Rev. John Mile. At
torney IeBron simmons. LLOYD
Golfer. president Conant Gardens
Community association. Louis
Martin. editor Michigan Chronicle
and Ulysses W. Boykin. Detroit
Tribune. Or McClcndon was
spokesman for the DELEGATION
DR. McClendon urged tho Hons
ing Commission 10 notify washing-
ton OF the urgent need az housing
for cclored workers and piso 70 in
sist ihgt the Soiourner Truth De-
tense Homes he returned 10 rolored
workers as was frs, intended.
While the delegation was nro-
testing - the Housing Comrission.
n narade a nickets was IN front ~
the water Board buildinc where
the Corr,issicn Offices ere located
TIE picket lire started Monde. End
will ccn'in~~. sccc~d.n~ n Chair
men Hill. The tickets c@rrv s'vns
rrotestinr \ DISCRIMINATION
r-,inst cclcred workers
Thomas zombrowski. represent
ing a Poli.h-American group. told
the Commission that such methods
employed in refusing colored work.
ers the right to occupy the homes
was bringing Hitlerlsm 20 America.
He also mentioned the controversy
in Hamtramck in which selfish real
estate groups were successful In
preventing tho construction OF q
housing project for occupancy by
Colcrcd He placed the entire blame
for the housing rrn-erGund on the
Shoulders Of Ccrg cssmon Rudolph
(Centinaed on page ~
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1942-01-24
DR.. Mercer Cook Of
Atlanta University,
Halls History Week

DR.. Mercer Cook OF Atlanta
university will be the Negro
History Week speaker at Taber-
nacle Baptist church on Sunday.
Feb. s at 3 pm. under the aus
pices OF the Detroit Chapter OF
the Association for the Study OF
Negro Life and History and the
Negro History Group OF Taber-
nacle.
DR.. Cook. an authority OF his
tory OF Latin AmeIfer Will
speak on Negro contri6puons.
At this particular time when
increasing goodwill efforts are
being promoted among the
Americas, 1t will be most inter-
esting to hear DR.. Cook speak
upon the past and present con-
tributions to this regard. spon-
sors say. The public is urged TO
attend.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1942-01-24

so Ear as the Navy Is concern
ed. | wish TO tell you that II has
never requested the American Red
Cross not 10 take blood from Ne
gro donors" Rear Admiral Mcln-
tire told the NAACP. His letter. In
reply to the Associations inquiry
OF the Secretaries OF the War and
Navy about the refusal, was dated
January IS.
McIntire stated that OF $500
blood donors received al the Blood
Donor Center in Washington. ID
G.. ten have been colorsd. The firsi
was received In July, 1871. and the
latest on December 81, 1871. nc
said.
The NAACP Immediately wrote
Norman n. Davis. president OF the
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1942-01-24
would be turned over TO whites.
white Explains Position

would be turned over 10 whites.
White Explains Position
Congressman Tenerowicz was
labeled traitor to the constitu-
ents Of his district by speakers
after the Rev. Horace a. White.
member OF the Detroit Housing
Commission, told the audience that
Tenerowicz had appeared before
the authorities In washington and
demanded that the Sojourner Truth
Homes be turned over 10 whites.
The clergyman. angered because
OF implications that he had joined
in the fight to turn the homes
over 10 whites, told the more than
900 crowded into the church that
he had called Tenerowicz dam
med liar" when the Congressman
told the authorities colored people
wanted the homes turned over q
whites.
Senator Charles Digs hurled q
challenge az white TO clarity his
stand after reading a telegram
from washington In which Baird
Snyder said the Detroit HOUSING
Commission had unanimously rec
commended" the Dequindre and
Modern project for colored.
Piper, Cofer Accused
The shouts OF Throw hin
out" were heard when Mack u
Grant. member OF the ccmmitte'
which had pamphlets denouncln'
the meeting. distributed In front G
the church Al the time. The pam
phlets accused White. Digs. an,
Confined on page ~
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1942-01-24

10 defend America.
~In the colcred section OF this
town, the Army has eolored M.P.s
with no guns. while IL both the
colored and white sections they
have white M.P.'s with guns. When
any colored soldier needs repri-
handing, ne II either beaten or
shot BY n white military police. TO-
nirht q number Of Negro soldiers
were brutslIy shot down for no
reason nj all.
II am not trying to clear the Ne
gro Of any trouble he may have
caused. bat after oil, what's ths
(Contlnued on pnse -
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1942-01-24
Norwood Found
Puilty; To Appeal

barred with conspiring to
hp the gambling law by oper-
be- a number racket. Walter
rvood. principal witness against
ru Mayor Richard W. Read
and others in the numbers
b, was convicted Monday with
other men and five women, in
ding his daughter.
Die jury which heard the case,
\ cut 81 minutes before return
the verdict. Recorders Judge
bald Van Zile. who heard the
J, will sentence the defendants
H.
trvood took the stand Mon
In his own defense. He and
other defendants were accus-
Il operating the C. e. j.. Holly
Od Cadillac and Manhattan pol
houses between, April 25. 1910.
May % Of the same year.
Norwood told the jury that he
cult operating policy and
)rbsrs IN February OF 1910. He
% testified that during most OF
time between April 2s and
F?s he was in custody of the
e-nan grand jury, spending
pc time at Stephensville. Mich,
four or five days in a Detroit
NJ He then went TO California
return his automobile.
ne members OF the grand jury
" also testified that Norwood
been granted immunity. and
p that h. had been held In GUS
" BY the grand jury.
Percy Miles was the principal
Pc witness against Norwood.
|e who said he had been a
|'lner In business with Norwood
he operation Of the numbers
. policy racket during the time
|'ged by Assistant Prosecutor
Y Temple came back from Buff
y 10 testify against the defen-
Alles. under direct examination,
Enlned all OF the defendants as
Pployees Of the operators, nmaing
| approximate salary OF each in
Eldual worker.
before the opening OF the trial
y week Attorney Cecil Ward,
|ansel for Norwood. motioned for
dismissal OF the case on the
I00los that the entry into the
|'nses at 5i4 Josephine on May
ls'O was illegal because the
I. did not have a search war
w. attorney stressed this fact In
!, .rgiment toethe jury.
attorney Ward stated after the
Y verdict that his client would
20 ~ inc case and carry II to the
s me court II necessary.
! ,a ,' Other defendants are: Har-
s,a narueman' Oneida Oates. David
\" harold Woodward, Char
W.. norwood. Laura Davis, Feden
PA s,, Agatha Plummer. Pres
ma a !. e and Robert Davis. Nor
ma SINE .ne proprietor OF the Nor
Nv IsO motel $50 f. Adams.
a ,.,o'u McGregor. one Of the de-
1s1 "s' was dismissed last week
\ testimony showed that he
! S oeen employed as a clerk in
, , ~S,el instead Of with one OF
policy houses.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1942-01-24

who might he interested about the
treatment OF Negro soldiers In the
Southern camps. II has long been
my desire 20 tell Of the conditions
hut this attack IN the eolored Sec
tion here decided me.
II, myself. saw Negroes shot
down Ike dogs IN the streets Of
Alexandria I am not sure that l
know how 10 tell Of the Incident
properly. but In my own crude wny'
Irf my lie NJ stake 10 make
known what the whites In the
South think Of Negro soldiers. J 40
not need 10 say that q mere or
der win send the Negro Into battle
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1942-01-24

|utal s.,s precipitated by the
v sssack on a colored soldier
|. I'M .nl'e military policeman An
e city. neisnoornood OF
IA Ds,sv"S,.n OF the clash. as told
ls ,t,ss ,oi. draftee who witnessed
w.. '''k IN Alexandria. is as fol-
alexandria. Ia
p Ths NJ, January 10. 1919.
San s detroit TrIbunss
u anu. : resident AZ Detroit and
ktnes, the last 10 seek trouble
n N, we white and coIored peo.
SsII.' tonight, I am. shseiuts,r
|" resist telling someone
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1942-01-24
Beaten

Mrs. Made Edgerson. 80. SIS
Theodore, was taken to Receiving
hospital Thursday suffering cuts
OF the scalp and 4 possible skull
fracture. She said she had been
beaten BY her husband, jeff.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1942-01-24

American Red Cross. informing
him Of the Nays denial OF the
Red Cross official excuse for It's
refusal OF Negroes and asking him,
as president. 10 explain the con-
tradiction to the American public.
See letter on Page :.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1942-01-24

Following a quarrel with his
wife early last Friday morning
Joseph Wilson committed suicide
by taking some roach powder. He
was found dead in bed at $3.50 FRI
day morning by his wife, Mrs. Ger
frudo Wilson.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1942-01-24

upheaval. inter-
spersed " | I h
shouts o. Throw
him out TO the
opposition, ma X
ed the protest
meeting Sunday
at Calvary Bap-
fist church " hich
was called after
official announce
ment had been
made In Wash =
ington that the
Sojourner Truth
Defense Homes
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1942-01-24
lrked When Project
Given To Whites
Call Tenerowiicz
Double Crosser
Horace White Says
He's Damn Liar

A ringing verbal indictment OF
Congressman Rudolph Tenerowicz.
challenge TO member OF the De
troit Housing Commission 10 clarity
his stand on the current housing
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1942-01-24
Navy Denies Refusing Negro Blood
Donors; Puts Red Cross On The Spot

NEW YORK-The American Red Cross is on the spot.
The US. Navy. through Rear Admiral Ross 7. Mclnre,
surgeon general has just denied that the Navy
instruction to the Red Cross refuse to take the blood of
Nerrn donnrs the NAACP has announced
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1942-01-24
|SaD u. S. Soldiers Shot DoWn

The Tribune color
Sa louisiana clash the Harlem section OF Aexand
cored soldiers
critically by white military police state troopers and munpa
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-05-23
Broadcast. Set
In Pledge Drive
Photo by Times staff Photographed
CHS l. OFTEN

Messages from General Mac.
Arthur and President Roosevelt,
commencing Detroit on arms pro-
duction and the purchase of wal
bonds, will be features of a Vic.
tory Program that will be carried
by Detroit stations and the NBC
tomorrow at Ills D. m.
Sponsored by the treasury de-
partment, with Frank Isbey, chair
man of the war savings stamps
as official representa-
tive. the program will keynote the
bond pledge campaign here next
week.
Mayor Edward J. Jeffries Jr.,
c. E. Wilson, president of General
Motors. and K. T. Keller, presi-
dent of the Chrysler Corporation
and other civic leaders will stress
the need of patriotic co-operatior
by workers who are not now buy
ing war bonds.
Comedy will be provided by Ed.
ward Everett Horton, movie star,
Dean Murphy, favorite White
House entertainer, and Bub Burns
brother of Bob Burns. The Wayne
University Workshop Theater will
present a dramatic program, De
troit at War" Music viii be by the
Symphony Orchestra,
and st. Paurs Choir.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-05-23
N'KdyCaseGoes
10 Jury Monday

Trial of Frank d. Mckay and
seven others on liquor graft
charges was expected to 60 to a
federal jury of six men and six
women Monday following the con-
clusion today of final arguments
by government attorneys.
Eugene L. Carey, chief counsel
for Mckay, concluded the case for
the defense with the charge that
the indictments were inspired by
Supreme Court Justice Frank
Murphy after he was defeated for
governor Of Michigan.
These In d C m n { o were
strictly POLITICAL" Carey said.
81 am q Democrat, but I am
not proud of this Democratic
treatment of Its opponents"
The defense put no witnesses
on the stand but took five days
arguing its case to the jury.
'Tt would take US three
months TO prove what the gov
eminent already has done
that these men are not guilty."
Carey said.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-05-23
.FBI Drafts Case
Against Stephan

Federal attorneys and agents OF
the FBI today were preparing
treason charges against Max
Stephan, Detroit tavern keeper,
who may become the first person
TO be tried for the country's most
serious crime in this war.
Evidence against Stephan, who
allegedly aided escape of a German
prisoner who fled a Canadian
internment camp. was. being col
lected by the FBI and will be
submitted by government attor-
neys to federal grand jury that
will be asked 10 indict him for
treason.
Decision to try Stephan on the
charge was announced in Wash
ington following conference
between United States District
Attorney John c. Lehr and Atty.
Gen. Francis Biddle.
Stephan is now held under sos
900 bond for "harboring an enemy
of the United States" The charge
was placed against him after he
admitted entertaining for "a hours
here Lieut.. Peter Krug. Nazi flier,
who crossed the Detroit River
from Canada in a stolen rowboat.
Krug, who Stephan says he put
on bus for Chicago, was arrested
in San Antonio. Tex. two weeks
after his visit here April 10.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-05-23
3Drunk Bandits
RdidHdmtrdrnlk

Three drunken bandits who held
up three saloons, seriously wound
ing one proprietor In q gun battle,
are sought by Hamtramck police
today.
The bandits first Appeared at
820 st. Aubin avenue, Ham
tramck, where they sluGxed the
owner, Emil Miles, on the head
and took 800. A Hamtramck
scout car sighted the, bandit car
two blocks from the saloon. but
lost II when the driver sped around
a corner and through m alley.
The men appeared at the Sunny
Cafe, 1924 Van Dyke avenue, and
after ordering, Is customers into
back room took between 800
and $500 from the. cash register.
An hour later they entered Pete
Kubert's Cafe, 3216 Carpenter
avenue, Hamtramclx, and ordered
the owner and customers into a
rear room. Evidently dissatisfied
with, the amount Of money found
In the cash register, they called
Hubert into the barroom.
hubert went behind the bar and
grabbed q gun and started shoot
Ing at the bandits. The fire was
returned and hubert was struck
In the arm and stomach. Ham
tramck police said hubert hit one
and possible two Of the bandits.
he Is In serious condition In ST.
Francis Hospital, Hamtramck.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-05-23
Benjamin Grubdrt
Heads Polish Jews

Benjamin Grubart. noted Jewish
leader and former state district
attorney in Lomza. Poland, today
became the new director and or
ganizer for the Detroit Polish Jew
Federation and Detroit's Polish
Jews Instrumentation" an or
ganization to obtain food. clothing
and medical supplies here for
Polish Jews in Russia.
The drive here is sponsored
jointly Ivy the Detroit Federation
and the American Federation for
Polish Jews, with offices at 9124
Linwood avenue. Grubert was &C
tive in similar relief work in
Europe before coming to America
after the fall OF Warsaw.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-05-23
Salvage Drive
Called Success
nms. star Corresponds,

LANSING. May 23.-Michigan's
drive for the collection of salvage
was pronounced a success today
by Governor Van Wagner. who
urged continuance of effort by
all citizens.
A report from Kenneth M.
Burns. Detroit, chairman of the
defense council salvage commits
sion, showed all steel furnaces in
Michigan are now working "a
hours a day, seven days a week,
thanks to the tremendous flow of
scrap.
He said waste paper collections
were better than expected and
mills have an adequate supply.
Urging a continuance of the
drive, the governor pointed out the
steel mills had scrap inventories of
only maximum of eight days.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-05-23
4 Killed
I'm County
Crashes

Four persons were killed today
in Wayne County traffic crashes
Three were youths in their early
20's and the fourth a 5l-year-olc
mother of five children.
In addition, Detroit's ninety-first
traffic victim Of the year. MILFORD
DeLaurier, Is, of 3410 Fort street
Lincoln Park, died in Receiving
Hospital of injuries received May
/ when. police said. he walked into
the side of an automobile. There
had been 95 traffic fatalities on
this date last year.
Andrew Brow. %. of Fenton
Mich, and Carl Lewis, %, of 1924
Fort street. Wyandotte. were
killed when the automobile in
which they were riding left the
road and crashed into a tree early
today at Gibraltar and Erie roads
Flat Rock. Both were in the bach
seat OF a car driven by Gerald
Logsdon, 20. of 1852 Van Horn
road, Trenton
Logsdon and Russell Peabody,
%, of IS Porter drive, a. third
passenger, are in serious condition
in Monroe Mercy Hospital Logs
don was held for investigation by
Flat Rock police who said he was
driving at high speed when he
attempted TO turn from Erie into
Gibraltar road.
Killed in two other crashes were
James Delp of 1910 Pardee road.
Taylor Township, celebrating his
twenty-frst birthday. and Mrs.
Alma II. Huntsinger. 81, of 23260
Karr road. Belleville.
Delp was killed when the motor
cycle he had borrowed from a
friend for a short ride collided
with the car of Miss Virginia
KlauZa, 16. of 23573 Grix road, on
Pardee road near his home. =.
Mrs. Huntsinger was fatally in
jured in an accident at Goddard
and Jim Daily roads. She was q
passenger in a car driven by her
son. Warren. 20, which was struck
head-on by the auto of Fred Dunn
of Romulus, who police said pulled
out Of line TO pass another car.
Both Warren and Dunn are in
serious condition in Eloise Hos
pital.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-05-23
Coulter Heads
Bar Association

Glenn NJ. Coulter, for two years
treasurer of the Detroit Bar As
ISOLATION, today was elected pres
ident of the association.
Other new officers for the COM
ing year are: William c. Alice
first vice president; Orville H
Foster Jr., second vice president;
Waldo c. GranSe, secretary; and
Wendell Brown, treasurer.
Named TO the board of direc-
tors were Frank II. Boss, Charles
II. L'Hommedieu, Foster and
Howell Van Auken.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-05-23

Following the testimony OF Maj.
Frank Couzens. former mayor OF
Detroit, a number of character
witnesses for various defendants
paraded to the witness stand today
as the handbook graft trial neared
Its close.
Couzens, in army uniform, APP
peared in court as a character
witness for ousted Deputy Super
intendent William J. Heidi and
was subjected to blistering cross
examination by Assistant Attorney
General Thomas A. kenney. who
inquired into the handbook situa-
ton when CouZens was mayor and
probed his military record.
'Major, when you were mayor
what did you do about the hand
books In the city Of Detroit"
Kenney asked.
ORDERED THEM CLOSED
81 ordered the police to close
them" CouZens replied. g.
said I wanted everything closed"
"You knew that handbooks
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-05-23
Zeder .Dr. Wins Wings
2I-Year-OId Only Son Of ChrysIer Executive
Ful-Fedeed Cadet in Army Air Corps
By VERA BROWN

Fred NJ. Zeder Jr. has won his
wings.
The 21-year-old only son of the
vice chairman of the board of
Chrysler Corporation was made a
full-fledged cadet in the pursuit
branch of the army air corps at
Foster Field, Texas, this week.
His famous engineer father, his
mother and sister, Dorothy, few
South for the graduation exercises.
Zeder Sr., back in Detrofte today,
said:
We're pretty proud parents.
It was q really thrilling sight to
see those fine young men get
their wings"
Bud, as Cadet Zeder's Crosse
Pointe friends call him, was a
junior at the University of Michi-
gan engineering school when he
enlisted. As a youngster he won
prizes as an amateur boxer.
His hobby has been internal
combustion motors. He has raced
and won motor boat races, is a
champion golfer and football
player. He went to Detroit Uni
versity School here before he
entered the university.
FATHER DIDN'T KNOW
Young Zeder started flying four
years ago at City Airport. without
his fathers knowledge. His mother
knew about 1t and only after Bud
got his license did they tell his
father. At that time he had prom
ised his father he would finish his
university career before joining
the air corps. But just year ago
he came home to 1880 East JEFF
ferson avenue, Crosse Pointe, and
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-05-23
Rdtkowski Trial
Set on New Plea

Joseph A. Ratkowski. 50, for
mer Wayne County jury commits
sioner. today awaited trial on man.
slaughter charges growing out of
a traffic collision in which three
died.
The trial was scheduled by
Judge Lester S. Mol after Rat
kowski abruptly changed his plea
to not guilty. He had previously
admitted a negligent homicide
charge. q
AS a result of Ratkowski's ac-
ton, both defense attorneys with
drew. George Parzen, one of the
lawyers, explained his client had
expected probation on the less
grave accusation.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-05-23
New Tire Quota
For June Pared

Fewer new tires will be avail
able 10 the public in June than
are being rationed this month.
according to quotas announced
today.
A total of 2.421 new tires, 80
S3l recaps and 2l,1Sl new tubes
comprise the state quota for June
on passenger cars and motorcycles
In May the figures are $3.50 new
tires. 81 .013 recapS and 26,696 new
tubes.
Quotas for truck and other COM
mercial cars likewise show an APP
proximate 10 per cent slash from
this month.