davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-08-13
Expresses Hope for Help
For Heroic" Red Army.

40 the Eoltor OF Inc Star:
Last autumn Winston Churchill said:
mo other people or government could
have lost so much and lived" He was
referring, OF course, to the Soviet Union.
We all have marvelled at the heroic
resistance the Red Army and the Rus
sian people have shown to Hitlers crush
ing blows. but today to marvel and be
still is to court disaster Today the
valiant Soviet people are fast approach
ing their greatest loss OF this war: the
loss of the Caucasus, with it's grains, It's
oil, its manganese and so many other
treasures Hitler is determined to seize.
The loss OF the Caucasus means, as
Leland Stowe so graphically put it, the
loss of the entire Middle East: Turkey,
Iraq, Iran. Palestine, syria and the rest.
1t means the probability of joint and
relatively easy German Japanese con-
quest of the greatest prize OF them all,
India. 1t means possible defeat for the
entire coalition of the United Nations. 1t
means the descent of darkness over more
than half the world.
Yet all this still can be prevented.
We can yet stymie Hitler's plans by one
dangerous, yet supremely necessary step:
the opening of an immediate western
front in Europe. This is the thing
Hitler and his generals have long
dreaded, the war on two fronts that is
now the only way to smash him. Why
do we still wait?
urge you to speak out editorially for
the second front, calling upon all Amer
lea to say aloud what every one is
thinking: President Roosevelt, we ask
you as Commander in Chief to lead US
now in the opening of land front in
Western Europe. so that we can win
the war In 1942!"
CLARENCE D. GUREWITz.
Argues In Behalf Of Priorities
For Civilian Needs In Wartime.
TO the Editor OF The Star:
The War Labor Board Is to be COM
mended for pointing out its lack OF con-
troll over wage rates which are "collec-
lively bargained" But of course this
contributes little to the solution OF the
problem OF the inflationary spiral as long
as statistical sophistry - to the infia-
Evening star., 1942-08-13
Huskin's Answers
To Questions
By Frederic J. Hdskin.

reader can get the ans,per to any
question OF fact by tDritin0 The Epe-
ming Star Information Bureau, Fred
eric j. Haskin, director. Washington,
d. c. Please inclose stamp for return
postage.
@. What verses from the Bible did
President Franklin D. Roosevelt select
when he was inaugurated7-L l.. C.
A. In all three inaugurations the Pres
ident chose Corinthians l3; in 1893
and 1896 verse l3, and in 194l the first
verse.
@. What is the method of estimating
temperature from the chirps of crick-
eta. r.
A. The rule, which works out with
surprising accuracy, is as follows: Count
the number of chirps in IA seconds, add
40, and the result is the temperature in
degrees Fahrenheit.
c. What division of the United States
Army was the first to fight in France
In the last war?-W. M.
A. The 1st Division. 1t entered the
front line on October 81, 1917, In the
Luneville sector near Yancy.
Evening star., 1942-08-13

Away went Lilly, launched into the air
as If by cstapult.
Evening star., 1942-10-04
EVEN red fIonneIs ore florino

EVEN red fIonneIs ore fIorinq
back upon US in these unpre-
dietobIe wor doys. These and other
foshion trends to wormer weor
indoors this winter ore relied upon
to offset thot comfortable little
five or ten degrees Of household
heot the thermostot will be cutting
off to sove fuel. Testimony to their
foith in womon's all out spirit,
manufacturers ore putting out q
complete line Of long red wooIknit
undies. But the some worm trend
in outer foshions combines such
chorm with the wormth thot whot
they cover won't be dreomed Of.
Evening star., 1942-10-04

In the spirit Of their Broodwoy musical
comedy, Lets Foee It," Jeonne Trysom
ond Mori|ynn RondeIs oren't ofroid to
foee the chill winter. Not in these long.
red undies, more comfortable than
qrondmo ever knew. And the red is more
thon psyohoIo9ieoIIy worm, you know.
Evening star., 1942-10-04

Warmth and chorm ore per-
fectIy combined in this peacock
blue flonneI dinner blouse for
winter evenings. Deity toiIored
with the new level shoulder line
ond high neck, it is worn over on
onkIe length black skirt
Wide World and A. P Photos.
Evening star., 1942-10-04
HOUSEHOLDS HINTS

Before cutting a button Of garment
slip a ihin-bronged fork under ii so the
scissors ron damage the cloth - Rose
Marie Jereczek. Dodge, WIS
Evening star., 1942-10-04

When hot dishes stick to
the table oilcloth, never
pullthem loose Instead.
pour hot water around
the dish and it will
soon loosen. leaving the
oilcloth unmarried.
Evening star., 1942-07-04
JUDGE hEtNEY

JUDGE heANeY
the Court of Errors and Appeals,
so that the son of Frank Hague,
who had studied law but never
practiced, could be appointed to
the Court of Errors and Appeals.
If Judge Meaney was prevailed
on to take such a step to benefit
Frank Hague's son, it was argued
that he could be prevailed on to do
other things for Mr.. Hague after
he became a Federal judge.
The vote in the Senate was
along party lines, though the at
tack on Judge Meaney in New
Jersey was led by a Democratic
governor. Only two Democratic
senators were counted against
Judge Meaney-Senators Van
Nuys of Indiana was paired
against him and Senator Herring
of Iowa voted against him. One
Republican, Senator Danaher of
Connecticut, voted for him.
Thirty-nin Senators, 25 of them
Democrats, we're absent when the
vote was taken. Many of them
did not wish to vote, and some
of those who did regretted the
nomination had ever been pre-
sented to them.
Evening star., 1942-07-04

troops shown greater determina-
ton and self-sacrifice than in
this battle, which has been going
on now for three days around
Ell Alamein. Not only are they
meeting an enemy far better
equipped than themselves, but
fighting in the desert, with tenn
perature around 140, demands
more than ordinary endurance.
Unlike the. Nazis, the British
troops were not specially trained
for a summer campaign in the
desert. Field Marshal Erwin
Rommel's Afrika Korps is COM
posed of specially selected men,
who have been trained for a
long time to Withstand desert
heat.
The British and imperial
forces fully understand the
meaning of Gen. Sir Claude
Auchinleck's warning that they
must defeat the enemy or be
utterly defeated. There is no
other solid defense line east of
El Alamein; neither are there
very great forces to protect Alex
andria and the Suez Canal.
All Eggs in One Basket.
The British commander in
chief has placed all his eggs in
one basket, concentrating the
bulk of his reserves in the hope
that he will be able to bring the
Nazi advance to a permanent
halt. A local success at Ell
Alamein will give him time to
reorganize his forces, replace the
enormous losses in war material
and prepare for the defense Of
Alexandria and Suez.
1t is difficult, on the basis Of
the confusing reports from
EgypC, 10 determine Ine Size OF
the reinforcements which Mar
shall Rommel has received. One
Italian mechanized division is
mentioned in the dispatches as
having been thrown into the
battle. American British air
forces have striven In recent days
to smash the port facilities at
Tobruk which the British failed
to destroy before Marshal Rom
mel stormed that base.
They have also endeavored to
prevent enemy transports from
reaching Africa, but how success
full their operations have been
remains to be seen. For the
Evening star., 1942-07-04

BY the Associated Press.
MOUNT CLEMENS, Mich, July 4.
Mrs. Alice Juanita Horvath, 20,
says she is the mother Of the child
and wants her back; her sister has
cared for the 3-year-old girl since
she was an infant; and Mrs. Hor-
vath'S brother-in- law has sworn IN
an affidavit that he is the father.
Those strange facts were brought
out in a hearing yesterday before
Judge James E. Spier in a suit in
which Mrs. Horvath seeks to regain
custody of the child
MY sister said she was unable
to have a baby, and she dearly loved
children and she would give me sl0C
if I would have a baby by her
husband" Mrs, Horvath, who now
lives in Cleveland, testified at the
hearing. II was IA years old then.
/ She said she refused the proposal
at that time, but two years later
she agreed to enter into the rela-
tionship.
She said her sister urged her to
go to Grace Hospital in Detroit
using her name, Mrs. Catherine
Hoge. then let the Hoges retain the
1 child.
The baby was born September 20
1899, and was Immediately taken
no the Hoge home.
Mrs. Horvath was married a year
Evening star., 1942-07-04
BY GOULD LINCOLN.

Frank Hague, Democratic boss
of Hudson County, New Jersey,
and vice-chairman of the Demo-
cratic National Committee, final
ly has placed his friend, Thomas
F. Meaney, on the Federal dis
trict bench in his State. The
Democratic Governor of New
Jersey, Charles Edison, who has
been at war with Mr.. Hague and
who strongly opposed the ap-
pointment Of Judge Meaney on
the ground that it would give the
Jersey City boss a grip on the
Federal judiciary, has received
rebuff. The Senate, toeing the
mark at the insistence of the
White House, confirmed the
Presidents appointment of Judge
Meaney by a vote of 80 to 20.
Fhere were several reasons
pointed out by critics for the ap-
pointment of Mr.. Hague's candi-
date to the Federal bench. The
first was that obviously Mr..
Hague can deliver the votes in
his bailiwick, and that Gov. Edi-
son is by no means so potent.
The second is that Mr.. Hague is
needed to help carry the State
for the Democrats next Novem-
ber. The third is that Mr..
Evening star., 1942-07-04
Importance of Commanders
Eliot Cites RommeI, Timoshenko and
Macarthur os Successful Leaders

manded by leaders who can prove in
the grim test of battle that they de-
serve the confidence of their sub
ordinates and are able to inspire
loyalty because they know how to
merit loyalty.
The selection of commander in
chief is, as Baron Henri Jomini,
19th-century French military writer,
pointed out, the most important
duty in war time of the head of
the state, but it is not always easy to
make the correct choice.
"It may well happen that after
long period of peace there may not
be single general available who
has commanded in chief" Jomini
wrote. I'm this case it will be diff
ficult 10 decide whether one general
is better than another. Those who
have served long in peace will be at
the head of their arms or corps, and
will nave the rank appropriate for
this position; but will they always be
the most capable of filling it?"
Jomini concluded that the first
and most essential quality of the
general is "a high moral courage,
capable of great resolutions, and
secondly, a physical courage which
takes no account of danger" He
went on to say, that the character
of the man is above all other requi-
sites in a commander in chief, and
he will be a good general In whom
are found united the requisite per-
sonal characteristics and thorough
knowledge of the principles of the
art of war"
Since public opinion has some
thing to do with the selection Of
public servants and the creation of
national heroes, we will all do we'll to
give some thought to this question
Of leadership. We shall find it just
as essential and just as fundamen-
tai to success in war as it was in
Jomini's day or in the Civil War.
When all Is said and done, an army
Of sheep commanded by a lion is
more likely to attain victory than
an army Of lions commanded by a
sheep.
Copyright, 1912, New York Tribune, Inc }
Evening star., 1942-07-04
Even Ford in Line
To Get New Auto
Py the Associated Press.

FS the Associated Press,
DETROIT, July 4.-The company
Of which Edsel Ford is president has
made nearly 100000 automobiles
since his father organized 1t in
1903, yet the millionaire manufac-
turer-like you and me and Joe
Doaks-must wait his rationing
boards approval to get a new (1942)
model.
A. Dewitt Bremen, executive Sec
retary of the Macomb County Ra-
tioning Board, In whose district
Ford's suburban home is situated,
said that the Ford Motor Co. pres
ident had inquired the necessary
procedure for turning in his coupe.
which he said was no longer large
enough for his needs, on a sedan.
The board sent Ford one of. its
regular rationing application cards
together with complete instructions
Evening star., 1942-07-04
The Political Mill
Senate Confirmation of Meuney Called
Sorry Moment in History Of Thot Chamber

select their candidate to run
against Senator Smathers, but
the primary elections do not take
place until September Is. The
three men who have been most
prominently talked for the COP
nomination are Joseph Bower,
vice president of the Chemical
National Bank of New York and
treasurer of the New Jersey Re
publican Party; Albert w.
Hawkes., manufacturer and last
years president of the United
States Chamber of Commerce,
and Gill Robb Wilson, chairman
OF the Civil Aeronautics Associa-
ton. The probabilities are, it is
said, that the nomination will go
to one of this trio.
COP Senator Elected.
The Republicans now hold 10
of the IA New Jersey seats in the
House, and the Democrats four.
Of the four Democratic represen-
tatives, two hail from Jersey City.
The Republicans have not the
slightest chance to defeat either
of them. In the Third and
Fourth Congressional Districts,
also represented by Democrats,
the COP leaders say they may
pick up one or both seats. DEM
ocrats scoff at that prediction.
In 1910, when the supporters
of Wendell L. Willkie made a
desperate effort to carry New
Jersey-they had taken lead in
bringing about his nomination
for President-Mr. Hague held
the line for President Roosevelt.
The President carried the State
by $4,000, and Hudson county
gave Mr.. Roosevelt a lead of
100000 over Mr.. Willkie. At the
same time, Gov. Edison won over
his Republican opponent by
$4,000 The upset in this Demo-
cratic trend came in the Sena-
torial and House elections. Sem
ator Barbour, Republican, was
reelected over former u S. Min
lister James Cromwell, by 100000
votes, and the Republicans elect
ed 10 representatives.
Vote on Party Lines.
The action Of the Senate In the
Meaney case was a sorry moment
in the history of that chamber.
1t is true that no attack was
made on Judge Meaney person.
ally. The fight was over whether
a man who might be under the
influence of machine boss
should be placed on the Federal
bench in the State where that
boss operates. The charge was
made that Judge Meaney had
several years ago resigned a
$4,000 job on the Court of Com
mon Pleas in Hudson County,
that he subsequently was ap-
pointed to a $4,000 job as coun-
sci to liquidator of an insolvent
bank, that he left the bench to
make a place on it for Judge T.
G. Walker, who resigned from
the highest court of New Jersey,
Evening star., 1942-07-04

Hague is likely to control the
New Jersey delegation to the
Democratic national convention
in 1914, where the next presi-
dental candidate is to be nomi-
mated. The fourth is that the
appointment was made in &C
knowledgement of past favors
received at the hands of the
Jersey City boss. All of these
may be sound reasons for the ap-
pointment politically, but they do
not appeal as good reasons for
placing a man on the Federal
bench from any other point of
view.
End Justifies Means.
The New Deal, which has in
sisted in season and out that it is
dedicated to the improvement of
the condition of American citi-
zens generally, has had its prac-
tical moments. 1t has gone on
the theory on occasions that the
end justifies the means--or the
Meaneys, if you prefer.
The question arises now, how
ever, whether the confirmation of
Judge Meaney-at the instance
of Boss Hague-is to prove an
asset or a detriment in the con-
gressional elections in November.
Whether the great publicity and
strife In New Jersey and the
Senate over the nomination will
cause many independent voters
in Jersey to swing to the Repub-
lican side, or whether the Hague
machine will be reused to new
heights in the matter of pro-
ducing votes. You will find
those who argue on both sides
of this question. There seems to
be no question, however, that
the success of Mr.. Hague's cam
didate for judge is calculated to
make the Jersey delegation to
the next Democratic National
Convention susceptible to the
wishes of President Roosevelt,
whether it be for a fourth nomi-
nation for himself or for the
nomination of his choice of
successor in the White House.
No Gubernatorial Race.
At issue in the congressional
campaign in New Jersey this
year are a Senate seat and IA
House seats. There is no guber-
material race, and Gov. Edison
holds on for another two years.
Senator Smathers, Democrat, is
up for reelection. He has SO far
no opposition for the Democratic
nomination. AS chairman of
the judiciary subcommittee which
considered the Meaney nomina-
ton, Senator Smathers reported
the nomination favorably and
had charge of it in the Senate.
Senator Sma theirs gave his best
efforts to bring about confirma-
ton.
The Republicans have yet to
Evening star., 1942-07-04

Minor and launch their offensive
against Syria by land from those
points.
So long as the United Nations
had a large force in the Near East
well supported by aviation such
an operation would be risky. But
now that every effort is being
bent to defend Egypt, much of
the British aviation has been
Withdrawn from Asia Minor, and
high Ankara officials fear the
Axis will take advantage of the
situation to establish their forces
on Turkish territory.
The Turkish Army Is copcen-
trated in other parts Of the coun-
try. Turkish aviation is made
quate for fight against the
Nazis. So disturbed has the
Turkish government been over
developments the last few days,
1t has Cancelled the order for de-
mobilization of reservists to per-
NIT them to go home for the
harvest.
Evening star., 1942-07-04
This Changing World
Turks Reported Fearing Invasion os Nozis
Move Two Divisions Of Troops Into Greece

Axis, a victory at El Alamein will
mean free passage to Alexandria.
Cairo and the Suez Canal. II
the British manage to hold OF
Marshal Rommel there. it will
mean that the immediate danger
to the principal strategic points
in Egypt will be temporarily re-
moved.
Meanwhile, it appears that the
Nazi high command in the Near
East is planning further large
scale operations against Syria.
According to reliable reports
from Turkey, two Nazi divisions
which were stationed on the Bull
garian-Turkish border have been
transferred to Greece. Their des-
tination is believed to be the
ports OF Salonika, Piraeus and
Kavalla. These reports are based
on fairly accurate intelligence,
since Bulgaria is not as inacces-
sible as the Reich.
Turks Have Jitters.
The ultimate destination Of
these troops is, of course, not
known by the Allies. In some
quarters it Is believed that they
will strengthen the Nazi forces
which have been stationed in
Greece and in the Dodecanese Is
lands for some time and are ready
to jump across to Syria.
AS consequence the Turks are
having a severe case of the jitters.
They are afraid of a Nazi ulti-
matum as prelude to invasion.
The former Greek and Italian
islands which dot the Aegean Sea
are very close to Turkish terri
tory. The Island of Khios is
opposite Smyrna, the largest
Turkish port in Asia Minor. The
Italian island-fortress of Rhodes
is equally close to the Asiatic
mainland.
Some military quarters in An
kara believe the Axis forces may
attempt to establish beachheads
in the western portion of Asia
Evening star., 1942-07-04
BY CONSTANTINE BROWN.

Supported BY fresh troops
rushed to the front, the battle
weary British Eighth Army is
making a desperate bid to stabi-
lize its lines around Ell Alamein
in Egypt after throwing the
Nazi drive. at least temporarily,
into reverse.
Reports from the battle front
show that United Nations SOL
diers fighting with their backs
to the wall are fully conscious
of the tremendous Importance of
this last stand and are perform
ing heroic deeds against a VIC
tory-drunk enemy.
At no time during this war
have the British and imperial
Evening star., 1942-07-04

made it impossible for machines to
operate from them, and the bomber
was being sent from more distant
station.
Col. Ralston was answering a
question by Angus MacInnis, Brit
ish Columbia CCF member, who
said West Coast residents were con-
cerned over time required to send
airplanes to Estevan Point after
the enemy attack.
Col. Ralston said he could not
give all details of action taken after
the shelling since this would give
information of value to the enemy
Other planes undertook the search
the morning after the attack
Evening star., 1942-07-04
Crash Of Canadian Bomber
In Hunt for Sub Revealed

Ply the Associated Press.
OTTAWA, July A Royal Ca
madam Air Force bomber crashed
when taking off to search for the
japanese craft which recently
shelled Estevan Point on Vancouver
Island, Defense Minister j. L. Raj
ston said in the House of Commons
yesterday.
Poor flying conditions at airfields
closest to the scene of the shelling
Evening star., 1942-07-04
Johns Hopkins, Princeton
To Get Garrett Bequests

Py the Associated Press.
BALTIMORE. July 4.-The -four
generation library" of the late John
W. Garrett. former Ambassador to
Italy. swas bequeathed to Johns
Hopkins University, and Princeton
University was named beneficiary
Of 100000 under terms of his will,
filed yesterday.
To Johns Hopkins also were left
Evergreen House in Baltimore, the
mansion grounds and several Of Mr..
CARROTS collections of rare maps,
coins and medals, Oriental ceramics
and most of his celebrated collection
of autographs.
Bulk of the estate was willed to
Mr.. CARROTS widow and the chill
dren of Robert Garrett, the dip
lomat's only surviving brother.
Evening star., 1942-07-04
Pay Increase Is Granted
Luborers in Buhumus
Py the Associated Press.

Hy the Associated Press.
NASSAU, Bahamas, July A
new wage scale of five shillings
about SD day has been approved
for unskilled laborers on United
States Government projects in the
Bahamas.
The announcement that WASH
ington had agreed to grant the pay
raise of one shilling was made by
the Duke of Windsor, Governor OF
the islands, In radio broadcast.
Evening star., 1942-07-04
Gos to Be Rutioned
For Small Planes
PS the Associated Press.

Ey tFe AsSoclated Press.
RICHMOND, Va, July 4.-Owners
of small aircraft in the East Coast
area who use the lower grades of
aviation gasoline will be required to
use coupons for their fuel purchases
under the new rationing plan going
into effect July %, DR.. C. Hart
Schaaf, State rationing admins
traitor, announced yesterday.
The new requirement was con-
sidered necessary, he said, because
this type of airplane fuel, grades up
to 86 octane, can be used in auto
mobiles.
Evening star., 1942-07-04
Barney Ross Morries
Dancer at Son Diego
Py the Associated Press

Py the Associated Press.
SAN DIEGO, July 4.-Barney
D. Ross, 80, former Welterweight
boxing champion, now a corporal
in the Marine Corps, and Miss
Catherine Hewlett, 25, dancer,
were married yesterday by Superior
Judge Gordon Thompson.
1t was the second marriage for
both Ross and his bride, who said
they were natives of New York and
had been friends many years. Ross
Is attached to the recreational Office
Of the Marine Corps.
Evening star., 1942-07-04

tas
country, strand
ed in airports, In
bus terminals, IN
railroad stations
not KIN ow | n g
when they will
be able to get
reservations to
return to their
homes, Low e d
ones and busi-
nesses.
They do not
complain. They
Evening star., 1942-07-04

tanks, of air.
planes, of tons
o f S hi p p i n G,
rather than in
terms of the
men who are
going to lead
these men in
battle.
In this respect
there is a very
sharp contrast
b e t W e e n t h e
public attitude
toward this war
and the public
Evening star., 1942-07-04

preservation OF
life, liberty and
the pursuit of
h a p p in e S s.
e cry W h e I e,
there is no at
mosphere of re-
joicing or of
persuasive en-
phasis on the
value of these
t u n d a m entails
which have so
long been taken
for granted.
Evening star., 1942-07-04

THE opinions OF the Oers this their o0n, not
necessarily Stars opinions presented in The
effort to gUe all sides OF questions OF interest to its
readers although opinions may contradictory among
themselves and directly opposed to The Stars
Evening star., 1942-07-04
By MAI. GEORGE FIELDING
ELIOT.

Altogether too little attention is
being paid to the subject of indi-
vidual leadership in this war. We
are thinking in terms of numbers of