davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-08-02
Shipping Crisis Must Be Met
To Hold Americas Together
Extension Of Highway, Sailing Vessels,
Freight Planes Moy Furnish Answer

tails. which have never had over
land connection before.
The job is planned to be COM
pleted by May, 1943.
viii Garry a Million Tons.
g. Emergency fleet of sailing YES
sells. Under the Office of the CO.
ordinator of Inter-American Al
fairs, a corporation has been set
up, with $4,000, 900 RFC loan. to
construct 100 wooden sailing ves-
sells, and to acquire existing sail
ing vessels, for use in er-Amer-
lean trade. One hundred vessels
averaging $50 tons, over long and
short runs, will carry about one
million tons of cargo a year.
The vessels will be built in Latin
American yards, using local mate
rails as much as possible. Each ship
will have an auxiliary engine of
less than 200 horsepower, but the
principal power will be the wind
in the sails.
This Is a reversion to the horse
and-buggy days of the sea. We
take step backward in order to
take a step forward. The useful
ness OF this sort Of equipment has
already been attested by the VEN
ture OF two New York youngsters,
who have put three fishing schoon-
ers into service between Cuba and
Florida.
Commerce Official Plans.
). Merchant ships of the air.
Long before Henry J. Kaiser came
forth with his freight-by pro-
posal, officials concerned with Latin
American affairs saw that many
freight movements of the future
must be made by air, particularly
for the development of the interior
OF the southern continent. William
A. M. Burden, special aviation as
slstant to the Secretary of Com
merce. has been at work for nearly
year on this problem.
But his plans are for the postwar
period, when planes can be turned
out by the thousand from otherwise
idle factories.
In the meantime, freight is already
moving by air, and must move more
extensively. Braniff Airways is
making two flights daily between
San Antonio and Panama on
special contract with the War De-
partment to carry supplies to United
States military bases in Latin Amer
lea
Pan American Airways is moving
priority passengers for the Army,
from Brownsville to Panama-so
much so that It's regular service is
denied to Latin Americans. If Pan
American could be allowed three
additional planes Of the DC-4 type
-four -engined planes with a 5-ton
capacity. they could provide a daily
service both ways between these
points.
BY road. by sea and by air the
Americas can be held together. But
the remedies must come promptly.
At present, the trend is toward dis
integration.
Evening star., 1942-08-02

dent, Mr.. Mckee stated.
H. G. Stewart. who has been
cashier for several years, has been
made third vice president. a new
ONCE and John M. OBrien has been
advanced to the position of cashier.
all the changes going into effect
yesterday.
In addition to these officers, the
other members of the Official family
are James Heelen and John Werres.
assistant cashiers.
National Dairy Sales Mount.
National Products Corp, which
has two Washington units reports
sales IN the first six months of the
year were at record high mark.
exceeding last years S199,85 ,290 bv
. wide margin, but higher taxes re-
duced net to about the same as last
year when $685. $50. or 80 cents a
share was reported. Advertising ex-
pendltures are being maintained at
last years level
The American Ice Co., which has
served Washington for many years.
reports substantial business i'm
provement. For the six months
ended June 30, the company had a
net loss Of 5000 after interest. de-
probation and taxes. compared with
net loss of s209 1927 in the first half
OF l94l. In the second quarter, net
profit was sl67 1872, against a net loss
OF sl2,734 in the June quarter last
year.
Agency Wins National Honor.
The Home Life Insurance Co. of
New York announced yesterday the
Vernon w. Holleman Agency of this
city has been awarded the COM
panys consistent producers plaque"
Tor the second quarter of 1912.
Paul F. Grove, jr.: Frank S. Resh.
j, Fred Laise, Paul E. Holmes. Law
renee C. Reeves, Douglas M. But
turn and Ben E. Hermann were
largely responsible for the winning
OF the national distinction.
Boushal Education Chairman.
Thomas c. Boushall president of
the Morris Plan Bank OF Virginia,
mas been appointed chairman of
'iiS SoiiiiItuCC Oll 6uuCdJlO0 OF The
Chamber of Commerce of the
United States. He was recently re-
elected to the board of directors,
representing District III, which
comprises the District, Maryland
Virginia and West Virginia and the
Carolinas. He is also a member of
the Budget and Finance Committee.
FHA Housing Spreads Rapidly.
An average of approximately
1000 houses a week has been COM
pleted and made available for oc-
cupancy during the past two and a
half months by private builders op-
Grating under the FILA war housing
program, Feoeral Housing Commits
sioner Abner H. Ferguson an
nounces.
Since the first of the year. Mr..
Ferguson said, approximately 105 900
new dwellings have been completed
under the FILA program.
Evening star., 1942-08-02
Growers in W. Va. Expect
Average Apple Crop
Special Dispatch to The Star.

Special Dispatch to The Star.
MARTINSBURG, w. Va. Aug. !.
About an average apple crop this
fall is in prospect for this heavy
producing belt. according to sur
vey of representative larger grow
ers made here this week through
questionnaires to growers. For four
counties the crop will be about
5000 900 bushels.
Other characteristics of the crop,
as deduced from the replies include.
BY varieties it will be 10 per cent
Ben Davis, Is per cent Grimes. 20
per cent Staymen, 30 per cent
Yorks. 20 per cent Delicious, the
remainder scattered.
Quality will be average to better
than average; color will be good;
size will be average to good.
The crop will mature somewhat
earlier than usual.
The growing season has been
normal to better than normal.
The market for early apples has
been fair to good,
Evening star., 1942-08-02
Production of Lumber
Declines During Week
Py the Associated Press.

FS the Associated Press.
The National Lumber Manufac-
turers' Association reported yester-
day that lumber production for the
week ended July Is stood at 129 per
cent of the average of the CORE
spending week, 1859, and ship
ments at IA per cent
Production totaled 263 ,208 900 feet,
which was per cent less than the
previous week. and per cent less
than the corresponding week a year
ago.
Shipments aggregated 286 239 900
feet, which was per cent less than
the previous week, and per cent
greater than last years correspond
ing week.
Orders booked were for 285. .063 900
feet, which was 10 per cent less than
the previous week, and per cent
less than the corresponding week
last year.
Evening star., 1942-08-02
.Coca-Co|a Net Drops
In Second Quarter;
75c Dividend Voted
TotoI Is $14,351,l9O,
Against First Quarters
$l6,675,727
BY the Associated Press

B, the Associated Press.
WILMINGTON. Del, Aug. 1.-The
Coca Cola Co. reported today net
earnings, before allowance for in
come taxes, of s1435l 100 for the
three months ended June 80, as
compared with $16.675,727 during
the same period of l941.
The Board of Directors also au-
thorized a dividend of IS cents per
share on common stock, payable
October l to stockholders of record
September IL.
Net earnings applicable to COM
mon stock, after class A dividends
and all charges. were $6,834,l9 for
the second 1912 quarter, compared
to $9,162.727 during the correspond
ing l94l period,
For the first half Of 1912 net
earnings applicable to common stock
were sl1 033.387. compared to $l5.-
107,5l1 for the comparable 1941
period.
Evening star., 1942-08-02
Bruziion General Tours
Oklahoma City Oil Fields
e. tie Associated Press.

~ tfe Associated PreSS.
OKLAHOMA CITY, Aug. 1.-Gen.
Horta Barbosa, president of the Ma
tional Petroleum Council of Brazil,
took hurried look at Oklahoma
City's urban oil fields yesterday be-
fore taking a plane for Pittsburgh.
Accompanied by his aide, Maj.
Itabajo Immierelles of the Brazilian
army and Leslie A. Webb of the
State Department. the general
toured the district, showing most in
terest in a state we'll that had been
drilled under the Capitol.
He wanted to know more about
the directional drilling method by
which the well was bottomed under
the Capitol from its drilling site
across the street to the south.
Gen. Barbosa Is making a survey
OF oil developments in the United
States.
Evening star., 1942-08-02

90 convinced is MI. hdI1IleT tfldl
the war efiort-in the factory and
in the fields going to deplete
available nianpower on the assembly
lines that he has arranged. with the
cooperation of the United States
Employment Service. employers
organizations and the two major
labor unions for voluntary regis
tration of womanpower in the De-
troit area
During the week OF August some
650,000 women in Wayne County
tDetroiD and the immediately ad-
by mail to determine their availa-
bility for various types of work vital
to the armament production effort.
10000 Needed Soon.
OF the women to be registered Mr.,
Kanzler estimates that at least 80 900
will be needed between now and
next November. The number Of
women currently employed in the
arms production effort of the erst-
while automobile plants has been
CotiIlopSd " dbouU Oo,ooO 4llS tCtdl
number of production workers at
present is placed authoritatively at
approximately 100000 with a re-
quirement of about 100000 antici-
pated by next spring.
There are something like 1900 oc-
cupations suited to women in the
plants. OF these 1,700 are in the
production divisions. the jobs rang
ing from electric wiring assemblies
for aircraft to riveting and drill
press operations.
The importance Mr. Kanzler and
the United States Employment Serv-
ice place on the creation of a reser-
voir of women workers is indicated
by the fact that married women
with children are to be asked
whether they would accept work if
nursery school care is provided for
the youngsters.
Inexperience No Barrier.
1t is emphasized also that lack OF
training or experience is no serious
barrier to obtaining war work AL
Evening star., 1942-08-02

prospective women workers, however,
are being urged to take advantage
of pre-employment training courses
provided in the Board of Education's
vocational training program.
Mr.. KanZler comedies that until
the problem of raw material sup
ply is thoroughly balanced to the
industrial war effort, some irreg-
ularities in employment are likely
scope Of the effort, however, all
such instances are bound to be of
a temporary nature. Present fore
casts, Mr.. Kanzler points out, indi-
cate shortage of at least 100000
workers in the Detroit metropoli-
tan area by next November.
A limited number of women al
ways have been employed In the
automobile industry plants, their
work having to do mainly with the
final assembling of ignition wiring
systems, cutting and stitching in
the upholstery departments and
similar tasks where nimble fingers
were needed. The transition to war
work was simple matter for these
workers.
Paid While They Learn.
Many thousands of others with no
previous factory experience have
been brought into the aircraft
plants newly established in the De-
troit area. Almost without excep-
ton all have been given training
courses that range from two to six
weeks.
Fortunate to obtain their train
ing within the industry, most Of
these women. ranging in age gen.
orally from 18 to As, have been paid
while learning trades Of varying
kinds. Others, taking vocational
courses in centers set up by the
Board Of Education, have received
no immediate compensation, but
comparatively few have found diff
ficulty in obtaining well-paid en-
ployment after completion Of their
training courses.
Evening star., 1942-08-02
BY LEON PEARSON.

Mario Garcia -Pena, a prominent
citizen of Bogota, Colombia, went to
the post Office the other day and got
an armfW of mail. Part of the haul
was a magazine. But 1t had lost
its sickness. It was crumpled and
wet. Moreover it was the April issue
just arriving.
BY this simple incident was the
shipping shortage brought home to
Garcia -Pena. For three months
Colombia had been without sea-
borne contact with the United
States. And when the contact
finally was made there was evidence
that the submarines had done some
splashing, If not sinking.
Looking back on the tour of 10
countries, Just completed. find that
the shipping problem is the most
urgent business of inter American
relations. Unless remedy is found,
there is danger of losing all the
ground gained under the Good
Neighbor policy. If we do not cling
together the enemy will see to it
that we fall apart.
Panama Eggless.
For three weeks Panama was
without eggs-and there are thou
sands of United States troops in
Panama. Oil from the wells of
Venezuela is Hnnning over in the
refineries of Aruba and Curacao.
The Cuban pineapple crop is rotting.
There is a food shortage in Para,
at the mouth of the Amazon, where
we hope to increase the production
and shipment of Brazilian rubber
And in Southern Brazil coffee grow
ers are trying to make coffee ex-
tract in a desperate effort to keep
the coffee flowing to the United
States.
Everybody blames the shipping
shortage on the submarines, but the
stark fact is that If we were to sink
all the submarines tomorrow the
shortage would still be with us. 1t
results from diversion even more
than from sinkings. To maintain
supply lines with the worldwide
theaters of war, we have snatched
100000 tons of shipping from inter-
American trade.
AS long as there are no battle
fronts in Latin America. no new
ships will be devoted to that trade.
Meantime. the Latins have increas-
ing reason to doubt the invincibility
of the United States, and there is
increasing fertility for Axis propa-
ganda.
Problem Is Vital.
In this extremity relief must be
found. 1t is not a secondary prob
lem which can wait till the war is
won. 1t is part of winning the war.
Relief of three kinds is in sight,
each highly important in itself.
l. The American Highway.
The State Department has drawn
up a plan for the immediate COM
pletion of the Pan-American High
way between the Mexican border
and Panama. For a time this plan
was snagged by the reluctance of
the War Department to approve the
project as a defense measure. Now
the approval has been given, and
the project will go forward at once.
1t will be called a pioneer high
way" meaning that the new
stretches will be narrow and the
shoulders will not be the best. But
1t will permit the passage Of dis
tress traffic OF all kinds, and will
connect six Latin American capi-
Evening star., 1942-08-02
HaIf-Year Farm Income
Rises 10 5,733 Million
3, the Associated Press

B, the Associated Press.
Farmers received $5.773,0 900 900 for
products marketed during the first
half Of 1912, the Agriculture Depart
ment estimated today. Income in
the first half OF 1941 totaled s4,O12,-
100000.
Favorable crop and livestock pros
poets indicate, the department said,
that a record volume of farm prod
ucts would be marketed during the
last half of the year
On the basis of these prospects,
total cash income, including Gov
ernment benefit payments, would
reach record of $14,500, 900 900, the
department said.
Evening star., 1942-08-02
Bank CIearings Here
Gain S106,759,878
Over Last Year
Totol for Seven Months
Reoch Record Figure;
New July Peak Hit
BY EDWARD c. STONE.

Washington bank clearings in the
first seven months of 1912 scared to
s1086, 1875, ,253, compared to s979,435,-
575 In the like period in l94l,
spectacular gain of sl06, 759,878
George H. Bright, manager of the
Clearing House Association, an
nounced yesterday
This was the highest figure bank
clearings have ever reached in
Washington and was accompanied
by new record for July alone In
dicating the greatest July business
In the history of the Capital, clear
ings totaled $l53, 1873 .879 43, in COM
parison with sl49, 9,l38,65642 in the
corresponding month last year, an
increase of s4,045 ,223.0l.
The nearest approach to the new
July figure was last year. The total
was far ahead of July. 1929, the year
of frenzied speculation, when can
celed checks totaled $127,497.7 I'll 81.
Clearings in the first seven months
of that memorable year amounted to
$376,545, ,6l9.
Business at Record Pace.
Financiers said yesterday that
there can be only one Interpretation
of Capital bank clearings. They
prove conclusively that business so
far in 1912 has exceeded other years
by substantial margin, the striking
advances being mainly due to war
activities.
However, it is notable that the
monthly gains between this year and
last are leveling off Recently in
creases have been nothing like the
$34000,000 upswing last January
The narrowing comparisons are
ascribed to the fact that the war
effort at this time last year had
expanded great deal farther than
In earlier months, pushing clearings
upward.
The unprecedented business boom
so far in 1912 is vividly pictured in
the following monthly comparisons
with the corresponding months of
194l:
Evening star., 1942-08-02
Rails Pace Advance
In Quiet Trading in
Stock, Bond Markets
Buyers Keep Commitments
Light While Watching
Weekend War News
Financial Writer.


Financial Writer.
NEW YORK, Aug. 1.-Frrther
quiet strength in the rails today en-
abled the stock market to emerge
from spotty week, fitting slightly
upward on balance.
While the bulls were trifie IN
the ma jority from the start. these
inclined to keep commitments light
throughout on the thought the war
news might turn adverse over Sun
day. Attendance in boardrooms waa
exceptionally scanty.
Dealings were more sluggish than
those a week ago, transfers of 1l4,-
$50 shares comparing with the
previous two-hour session turnover
Of 1l5,970.
The Associated Press average Of
so stocks held net gain Of OIL of \
point at 365, but on the week was
off o.. For July the composite regis
tered an advance Of IL points.
Steels lacked the spirit of Friday
although Bethlehem moved up
point on total of 400 shares for
the entire proceedings.
Among rails Atlantic Coast Line
edged into new high ground for the
year. Others on the improved side
included Santa Fe, New York Gen.
tral, Great Northern, Union Pa
cific. Chrysler. Goodrich, American
Telephone, United Aircraft and
Philip Morris.
Railroad Bonds Up.
Prices of many second-grade rail-
road bonds were up frActionally n
traders watched the stream of earn
ings reports showing better income
for the carriers.
Industrials were relatively idle, but
few utilities managed to tack on
fractions.
Volume was 81, 2,892 900 face value.
against last Saturdays $2,132, 900. OF
the total, Frisco AIS Of '78 accounted
for $4,000 as they advanced \
point to Is.
Gamers among the more active
rails included Southern Railway
consolidated IS, up u at 81: North
ern Pacific IS, up \. at So. Mil
waukee SIS, up u at 13k, and Della
ware & Hudson refunding Is, up
Il at Sc.
| United States Governments were
quiet on the stock exchange and
steady over the counter. Foreign
| government issues were uneven.
+. holding to narrow range that left
Canadian As off slightly and Panama
stamped "a" 3As of "a up shade.
Evening star., 1942-08-02
Big Harvest Outlook
Gives Cotton Market
Nervous Undertone
Federal Crop Estimote
Scheduled for Auq. 8
Awaited by Traders

BY the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, Aug. l. - Cotton
prices started upward today, ran
into liquidation and closed irregular,
Is cents bale lower to Is cents
higher.
Discussion of crop prospects was
the dominant factor in the market
observers said, and predictions of
big harvest resulted in a nervous
undertone.
Mill buying furnished about the
only support for prices as outside
traders awaited the Government
crop estimate expected August and
details of the l942 crop loan pro-
gram.
"
Evening star., 1942-08-02
N. Y. Stock Exchange
SoIes Increase in July
Blythe Associated Press,

Bythe ASSoc1atHd Press.
NEW YORK. Aug. 1.-Transac-
tions in stocks in the New York
Stock Exchange In July totaled
1878 $50 shares compared to 1906
443 shares in June and 1857, ,807
shares in July, 1941.
Dealings in bonds in the Stock
Exchange in July amounted to
SIZE, ,604 900, face value, against
$133, ,776 800 in the preceding month
and $l89, ,118 900 IN July last year.
Evening star., 1942-08-02

Tor many years
first and second
vice presidents,
respectively.
George A. Did
den, jr., a Wash
ington attorney,
has been elected
by the directors
to fill the Office
of first vice
president, and S.
DOlan DOnOhoe,
head Of a real
estate firm, has
been chosen to
fill the office Of
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Evening star., 1942-08-02
Risk Firms Buy U. S. Bonds

Purchases Of United States Gov
eminent bonds by the 800 American
life insurance companies since jan
uary have been greater than the
net increase In total assets of these
companies. representing not only all
new funds available, but part Of old
funds being reinvested.
Evening star., 1942-08-02
80, 900 Needed Soon
Women May Get Sixth of Jobs
In Vast Detroit Arms Plants
Their Help Is VitoI to U. S. War Effort,
Says Chief of WPB Auto Branch
By DAVID J. WILKIE,
Wide World Stan Writer.

DETROIT, Aug When the flow OF armament from the
time automobile factories reaches its peak leveperhaps early
next out of production workers probably will
be a
That's of Kanzler chief the Auomotive
Branch of the Production who maintained
that the full effort of American industry be achieved
without major participation by
Evening star., 1942-08-02
Odd-lot Transactions

PHILADELPHIA. Aug. l Hp.-Ths Sc
euritles and Exchange Commission reported
odd lot dealers or SPECIALISTS on the New
York Stock Exchange for July 81; 1900
sslss @Ycivins 36,e6I shssSs. "a ,neluXinss
abort sales tAvolv1ns III 1hSloe.
Evening star., 1942-08-02
Policy Surrenders Drop

American families are holding an
to their life insurance as never be-
fore, the surrender OF policies In the
first half of this year reaching q
new all-time low rate.
Evening star., 1942-08-02
Suxinos. Insurance Coin

Total equities OF American fam
lilies In savings accounts and lite
insurance are today $55, ,459, 900 900
which is 3i1 times the total In 1917,
or $39. Az 600 900 more than existed
at the beginning of World War 7,
Evening star., 1942-08-02

New Orleans Prices
NEW ORLEANS, Aug OP)-Profes-
sional selling on favorable weather and
crop reports caused easiness in cotton kl-
lures here today. Closing prices were
barely steady, to points net lower
Evening star., 1942-08-02

Bank Elects Four Officials.
h. H. Mckee, president of the
National Capital Bank yesterday an
nounced the designations of DR.. w.
P. c. HaZen and John B. Earnshaw.
Evening star., 1942-08-02

Quotations furnished by National Asso-
eiation OF Securities Dealers, Inc. which
transactions or frm bids or offers, but
should indicate approximate prices and,
unless otherwise indicated, are as quoted
by the sponsors or issuers.
mot quoted by sponsors or issusrs.
Evening star., 1942-08-02

Spot cotton closed quiet Q lower Sales.
1874 Low middlinR. 154a; middEne.
1S.4Q; GOOD middlinE, 1894. Receipts.
none. Stock. 253. 761.
Bid. n Nominal.
Evening star., 1942-08-02
Commodity Prices

Press weighted wholesale price index of As
commodities today declined TO as 20.
Previous day as.33: week ago as 50,
month ago. as,37; year ago. aO19
1912. 1a41. 1910, 1e33-ae
Et;, ;,,,. l; ;;s ~ Z Ys s;ssss' s;sssas' 10
Evening star., 1942-08-02
Baltimore Stocks
special Dispa tch to The Star.

BALTIMORE. Aug. l.
sass; ST STOCKS High. Low. Close
3 Consol Pow com 40 40 ~
30 Mt Yer Wd Mills 30 2.l0 210
BONDS.
$500 Bal Tran deb 4s A 5nH 5oh. 50I.
$500 Bait Trans IS 55h 55la 55H
Evening star., 1942-08-02
Capital Securities
tOver the Counter.)

The following nominal bid and asked
quotations on Washington securities traded
over the counter as Of Friday. have been
assembled for The Star by Washington
members OF the National Association OF
Securities Dealers, Inc:
Evening star., 1942-08-02
INVESTING Compunies

NEW YORK Aug. 1 tF.-National As
soclation OF securities Dealers, Inc, Satur-
DAYS CLOSING prIceS.
Evening star., 1942-08-02
New York Bank Stocks

NEW YORK, Aug 0P,.-National As
eoclation Securities Dealers. Inc
Saturday closing quotations:
Evening star., 1942-08-02
Washington Stock EXCHANGE

by b L Co, Washington c
TRANSACTIONS
~,
Evening star., 1942-08-02

Institute Association
Badstreet members banks
in H.,