davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-09-14
Purt-Time Farmers

Every day brings new opportunities
for war service by patriotically in
clined Americans as pleas for help
from various groups become more
urgent. One of the latest calls comes
from L. NJ Walker, jr., agriculture
commissioner of Virginia, who asks
residents of the Washington area to
help save winter feed crops now
before it is too late" The suggestion
advanced by Mr. Walker should ap-
peal to many able bodied District of
Columbia area residents.
Even short drive into the nearby
farming sections will disclose fruit
spelling on roadside trees. The
growing season has been particu-
larly favorable, but the extra quanti-
ties of fruit and other farm produce
are likely to be lost because of the
shortage of farm labor. A group of
Fairfax County dairy farmers, ap-
pealing to Governor Darden for con-
vict labor to fill silos, said that farm
labor, even at high prices, is not
available. Virginia penal officials
branded the use of convicts on dairy
farms impractical and it was then
that Mr.. Walker proposed that Wash
ingtonians give some of their spare
time to help save the winter feed
crops. He warned that they may feel
the consequences later II the crops
are not harvested.
Just how much value the average
Evening star., 1942-09-14
War Contract Puy

An 1ndefenSlble feature of the war
contracts wage structure will be elm
mated by President Roosevelts order
doing away with So-called premium
pay for work on Saturdays and
Sundays falling within a regular tour
of duty. The order also limits to six
the number of holidays for which
premium pay will be allowed, and
holds the rate for these to time and
one-half. AS result of the order,
workmen on all war production will
receive straight time only for Satur-
days and Sundays as such. If a work
week is in excess of five days, COM
pensation for the sixth day will be
at the rate of time and one-haf, and
for the seventh day, double time.
This schedule will apply whether the
sixth and seventh days are Saturday
and Sunday or some other days.
1t is significant that it became nee
essary for the President to issue this
order. The principle it embodies was
approved by the heads of the Ameri-
can Federation of Labor and the Con-
gress OF Industrial Organizations
several months ago, when there was
widespread criticism of premium pay
in war industries, and it was gen.
orally supposed that the constituent
unions Of the two groups would fall
In line when negotiating contracts.
A great many did so, but others held
out for the customary rates, and this
was productive of a condition that
menaced the entire program Only
recently the CIO United Automobile
Workers, one of the first conforming
units, threatened to break away from
its agreement unless other unions
were compelled to abide by it, and
charged that a rival AFL union &C
tually had campaigned against it
with the argument that the UAW
needlessly had waived double time
rates against the best interests of
workers.
1t is to clear up such situations and
bring about uniformity of pay on
war work that the Presidents order
is directed, and the broad powers
available to the Government in ne
gotiating war contracts should be
sufficient to make it effective. At the
same time, however, it is evident that
this incident furnishes good illus
tration of the difficulties that arise
in any effort to deal piecemeal with
the wage problem.
Evening star., 1942-09-14
Heritage

No,o ,ohen his bones are long
bleached and mouldered.
For me the rife Is neoIy-shouldered.
Noto ,ohen the prairie -schooners
track
Is ghost In the mind and looking
To 5utttng hills and the spol1en
courses
OF pater fank-htoh on the ,oeary
horses,
I shall hold fast to my heritage
Claimed and staked at the riper,s
edge
For my great-great- at-grandtather's
muSket Don
A home for his son and the son of
his son.
This Is our earth and though ,pur's
deep thunder
Shall call me as far as the Land
Do1on Under"
I kno,D that his spirit 1DiN march
tDith me
Musket and rifle for liberty!
LANCE DELANEY.
Evening star., 1942-09-14
Approves Labor Representation
On WPB Board.

On WPb Board.
To the Editor Of The Star:
Unquestionably you are correct in be-
lieving that serious loss OF manpower
hours has, resulted from strikes, either
authorized or unauthorized as set forth
in your editorial in The Star OF Septem-
ber S, captioned Labor in WPB." But,
in the opinion of your correspondent,
Donald Nelson has made a wise decision
in taking under advisement the placing
of organized labor's representatives on
the board Of WPB.
First: Priorities OF labor, It's ALLEGATION
and distribution are becoming realities.
Efficiency Of workers is vitally important
because industry has to do with less
workers. The idea is advanced that
efficient plant production be measured in
machinists' or mechanics hours worked,
calculated from the time that the fin
ished article is ready for delivery. This
record assists in establishing q base.
showing whether the mechanical plant
Is obtaining the best result from its ma
chinery in place and from the machin-
lists or mechanics employed (viz., rated
efnciency), as well as management This
record could be made monthly for study
and comparison. If ALLEGATION or dis
tribution OF efficient labor becomes nee
essary, plants not performing might be
compelled to release efficient workers in
order to step up vital production in other
plants able to get the maximum results
from these services. On its face this
appears drastic, but this is war!
Second Mr. Nelson has full power
over the distribution and priorities of all
materials He should be given full power
and authority, not only to order labor
priorities, but to allocate and distribute
workers where they are most urgently
needed to maintain maximum continu-
GUS production for the armed forces.
Civilian needs are also important, but
secondary in this integration.
Third: The people, being advised where
the undivided authority and power lies,
will be able to place the full responsible
ity where it belongs, and thus end con-
fusion of criticism and Judgment. Their
boys are fighting at the front. Any In
dividual, industry, industrial or labor
group retarding integration or produc-
ton will be held to strict accountability
when all facts are known and openly
and squarely presented. Rest assured,
there will be no chance for evading issues
or responsibilities. Organized labor in
WPB can be most helpful and construc-
tive in assisting this integration to the
end that continuing maximum produc-
ton and human effort may 60 forward
uninterruptedly.
CHARLES SELDEN, Jr NE.
Evening star., 1942-09-14

@. Which bird is the strongest flyer?-
E. V.R.
A. The hummingbird. It has the larg-
est wing muscles in proportion to the
size of its body of any animal that flies.
@. Is Harry Lauder, the noted Scottish
comedian, still living?-J. NJ. C.
A. Sir Harry Lauder is still living. His
home is in Lanarkshire, Scotland.
@. Who started the fad that caused so
many young ladies to kiss Admiral Rich
mond P. Hobson?-S. G. E.
A. At a reception given for Admiral
Hobson in Chicago two young lady cous-
ins of his kissed him and all the other
women in the line followed their example.
The craze for kissing the hero of the
Spanish American War proceeded to
such extent that candy called Hobson's
kisses was named for him, and during
one visit to Kansas City he was kissed by
nearly 500 women.
Q. What Is the name Of the ship op-
Grated by the International Red CROSSE
&C. KE.
A. 1t Is the S. S. Caritas T. This is the
first ship of the International Red Cross
and flies the Swiss flag.
@. Where is the chapel that is com.
pletely made of salt?-A. C. H.
A. There are several such chapels In
the Wieliczka salt mines near Cracow,
Poland
Q. Who said that no man is happy
without hobby?-S. A.
A. Sir William Osler said: mo man IN
really happy or safe without a hobby,
and 1t makes precious little difference
what the outside interest may be-
botany, beetles or butterflies, roses tulips
or lr1ses; fishing, mountaineering or an
tiquities'
@. How high is the Holy Gross Noun.
tain in Colorado?-T. H.
A. 1t is 1878 feet high. The peak 1,
named for the Greek cross formed on its
slopes by snow-f1lled ravines.
@. Why are pulp magazines called by
this name?-C. N. O.
A. Pulp magazines are those which are
printed on inexpensive rough paper con-
tanning high proportion of wood pulp.
Q. How may the color of ivory beads
be restored?-D. r.
A. Ivory beads may be whitened by
the application of hydrogen peroxide as
a spray in sunlight.
q. For whom was Denver, Colo,
named?-M. N. B.
A. The city is named after Gen. J. w.
Denver, the first Federal Governor of
Kansas territory.
Q. How large is the Caruso Memorial
Candle?-C. G.. F.
A. The candle is is feet high, feet in
circumference at the base, and weighs
ton. 1t is burned only on All Saints
Day each year and at this rate is ex-
pected to last 18 centuries.
Evening star., 1942-09-14
Banner" Anniversary

Francis Scott Key did not de-
liberately attempt to write the ma
tional anthem. "The Star Spangled
Banner" as it emerged from his
hands 1913 years ago today, was not
made to order. 1t was a natural
fruit Of an experience wholly acci-
dental in character, deeply inspiring,
profoundly moving. The story has
been told again and again, but it
bears useful repetition.
During the British operations in
the Chesapeake area in 1914, DR..
William Beanes, prominent physi-
clan residing at Upper Marlboro, was
arrested and confined in a ship in
the enemy fleet. y He was supposed
to have insulted the invading troops,
and his family believed him to be in
danger of capital punishment. Mr..
Key, as an influential young Wash
1ngton attorney, was asked to inter-
cede for him with the commanders,
General Robert Ross and Rear
Admiral George Cockburn. Equipped
with letter from President Madison
and accompanied by Colonel John S.
Skinner, the lawyer-poet applied for
the prisoners release on September
and was successful. 1t happened,
however, that Important events
were impending" and the entire
party was ordered detained on board
the cartel sloop Minden until those
expected proceedings should have
been completed.
Thus Mr.. Key became an involun-
tary spectator of the bombardment of
Fort McHenry on September 13,
spending the night on the deck "in
agonized suspense" watching the
shelling and the subsequent landing
attempt. At dawn on September IA
he was overjoyed to see the flag
still flying over the American works.
The invaders retired when General
Ross was killed at North Point.
Meanwhile, the first draft of 'The
Star Spangled Banner" had been
scribbled on the back OF an old en-
velope. Mr.. Key revised and per-
fected it at the Indian Queen Tavern
in Baltimore during the evening of
the same day. The words were de-
signed to "fit" well-known English
tune, ITO Anacreon in Heaven, !"
adapted to ballad of the American
Revolution, adams and Liberty" A
friend OF the author, Judge Joseph
Hopper Nicholson, and his wife ar
ranged for the initial printing. The
premiere public singing of the anthem
is attributed to the actor, Ferdinand
Durang. Mrs. Nicholson kept the
original manuscript until her death
In 1847, and it now is in the Walters
Gallery. The very flag which it cele-
brates has an honored place on the
walls Of the Arts and Industries
Building of the Smithsonian Insti-
tuition. An exhibition of early copies
of the song and other patriotic music
is current at the Library of Congress.
Mr.. Key lived until 1843. The
present generation of his country
men holds him in esteem for his
vision and his hope as we'll as for
his genius. He appreciated liberty
as few men ever have, and his ex-
ample providentially is an inspira-
ton now to millions enlisted in the
cause of freedom.
Evening star., 1942-09-14
Entered as second-class matter post once,
Washington, D. c.
Member of the Associated Press.
Appeal to Reason

Price Administrator Henderson is
to be commended for the forceful
manner in which he has outlined the
necessity of holding all automobile
driving to an absolute minimum
minimum which on the average
ought to be we'll below the annual
maximum Of 5000 miles proposed
In the Baruch report.
The proposal by Mr.. Baruch and
his committee associates was for
maximum of 5000 miles per year of
necessary" driving. This, obviously,
does not mean that all motorists
should expect to drive 5000 miles
year. On the contrary, as Mr..
Henderson pointed out in a radio
address yesterday, experience in the
seventeen rationed Eastern States
has shown that about 10 per cent of
all motorists in the area have "a"
stickers, which entitle the holder
to drive 240 miles a month, and it
seems reasonable to suppose that this
ratio would hold good throughout
the country.
Pending completion of prepara-
tions for Nation wide gas rationing,
Mr.. Henderson has appealed to all
motorists to ration themselves in
the same manner that those in the
Eastern States are being rationed.
It is not likely, however, that this
appeal will be needed by every one,
and in view of Mr. Henderson's as
sertion that we are wasting one mil
lion tire miles day in driving that
contributes nothing to the war effort,
1t is clearly essential that the ration
ing program be put into effect at the
earliest possible moment.
In making the necessary prepara-
tions for the new rationing program,
1t is to be hoped that Mr.. Henderson
and his associates will give serious
thought to the possibility of stimu-
lating group riding. The price ad-
ministrator, in his radio talk, said
that "our home front army OF mil
lions of workers must be kept NOV
ing to and from the mines, mills, fac
tories farms and homes. II this
web of transportation breaks" he
added, "the whole war effort falls
apart"
While no one differs with this
statement of the necessity of supply
ing war workers with essential
transportation, they, like the rest of
the motoring public, should be re-
quired to conserve their tires, and
1t was to accomplish this that the
group riding plan was worked out
and sponsored by the Government.
Under this plan, motorists receiving
extra allotments of gasoline agree
to share their cars with others, and
1t is particularly important that this
be done in communities where there
are large movements of workers to
and from war plants. Virtually all
surveys have shown, however, that
the war workers are not fully par
ticipating in the group riding plan.
The most recent check was made
this month in Nassau and Suffolk
Counties and in New York City. 1t
showed that so per cent of the war
workers in that area, although re-
ceiving extra gasoline because of
their status as war workers and in
consideration of their promise to
share their cars, were not doing so.
There can be no doubt that a great
deal of rubber is being wasted in
this fashion, and real effort to stop
1t should be made in working out
the national gasoline rationing
program
Evening star., 1942-09-14

Washingtonian would be In such
farming operations as the storage of
corn Is debatable, but there must be
hundreds of city dwellers with
enough farm background to be help
full. BY getting in touch with county
agents, at county courthouses, they
will be given full information.
Total war emphasizes the inter-
dependence of all a nations citizens,
and victory will be hastened if the
city and rural residents are not un-
mindful of mutual problems.
Evening star., 1942-09-14
Tells of American Troops
At Church in Scotland.

p At~GHuTCH III ScOIldHU.
To the Editor of The Star:
have received letter from my good
Scot friend, Flying Officer Alex Erskine,
adjutant, Dunfermline Squadron. A
news clipping inclosed shows him chat
ting with the Duke of Hamilton, A. F. c.
The Duke, dauntless and fearless pilot,
speaking at the formal opening of his
toric Abbot House Headquarters for Air
Training Corps for Scotland, said: I'VE
have been called race OF sailors" He
continued, That is perfectly true. But
I think we are just as much q race of
good airmen as a race OF good sailors. I
believe that We the British, are naturally
suited to the air.
.Adjt. Erskine reports concerning the
newly arrived American troops. Some of
them tell of taking part in ceremony
which never could have occurred in
America or in England before this war,
church parade and day OF prayer for
Russia. Side by side at the head of the
procession moved Union Jack, Stars and
Stripes, Red banner. American troops
marched with civil defense workers and
sea cadets. Nearly 1000 of them crowded
into the towns most capacious place OF
worship, a Congregational church, and
an Anglican parson addressed them.
ERNEST CHARLES RICK.
Evening star., 1942-09-14
Denies That Things"
Are "All Right" With America.

To the Editor of The Star:
1t is all humbug about our having be-
come too soft for war, but we have be-
come defeatist through overconfidence
and through being untrue to our claims
of democracy. Much is said about the
collapse of democracy in other countries
A Chicago writer says the people do not
mind about the collapse of democracy in
Chicago.
One striking piece of humbug Is that
this is the best country in the world, be-
cause we have the highest standard of
living. 1t is indeed high standard of
living for those who share 1t. But think
how many do not have share In it; and
Evening star., 1942-09-14

Mayor La Guardia has almost
given up hope of making Brooklyn
afraid conscious. Brooklyn cannot
be bothered about dose bombs dat
might drop as long as dere is a threat
dat Dem Buns might fall.
Evening star., 1942-09-14
Letters to the Editor

Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address of
the 1Driter, although the use of
a psendonynl for publication is
permissible. The Star reserpes
the right to edit all letters Nth
a Die1D to condensation.
Evening star., 1942-09-14

Modern alchemists claim that
some day they will be able to make
diamonds out of COAL For the mo-
ment, however, their claim is over
ShadoWed by the Jap boast that they
are already making gasoline out of
rubber.
Evening star., 1942-09-14

there was great wealth Of gold, silver
and precious stones, and that If they
went there they would all be killed"
Caranaca and Ell Dorado remain to be
discovered.
Evening star., 1942-09-14
Hoskin's S Answers
To Questions
BY Frederic J. Haskin.

reader can get the ans,oer TO anp
question OF fact by ,oriting The Epe-
ming Star Information Bureau, Fred
eric J. Hasktn, director. Washington,
d. C. Please inclose stamp for return
postage.
@. How does Japan rank in production
of steel2-S FW.
A. According to the best available re-
ports Japan ranks sixth among the steel
making nations.
@. Please give some information about
the bulldog that was the Eli mascost.--
E. L.
A. The Eli mascot was Handsome Dan.
owned by Andrew B. Graves OF the class
OF '92 Handsome Dan was the ofhcial
Yale football mascot for over 10 years.
He was q big, white, brindle bulldog and
when he died his carcass was stuffed and
1t now occupies an important position in
the Yale trophy room.
@. When did Jan Sibelius compose the
symphonic poem 'Finlandia"?--E. s..
A. 1t was composed in 1894 and evoked
such enthusiasm In Finland that It's
performance was forbidden by the Rus
slams.
@. What college did Thomas E. Dewey
attend?-E. E. f.
A. Mr.. Dewey was graduated from the
University of Michigan In 1928 and re-
ceived his law degree from Columbia
University In 1925.
Q. Who originated the saying, The
Marines have landed and have the sit
uation well in hand"?-W. B.P.
A. Richard Harding Davis Is believed
to have been responsible for the historic
phrase.
Evening star., 1942-09-14

Puzzles, Tricks and Magic-Here Is
a booklet of 80 pages of fun and di-
version for every one, in the form of
mathematical puzzles, word puzzles,
en1gmas, maze. tricks with pencil
and paper and simple magic. Fully
illustrated. Every one of these tricky
problems has the answer printed in
the back of the booklet. To secure
your copy inclose 10 cents in coin,
wrapped in this clipping, and mail to
The Star Information Bureau.
Name
Address
Evening star., 1942-09-14

think what indignation there is against
those who object to the skimpy standard
that is so general!
The worst thing about 1t is that so
many people are bewitched by continual
assertions that we are all right.
Things are not all right with us, and
they are not all right in other countries,
and that is why we have come to have
this war. 1t is much to be hoped that
when this war Is over 1t will be followed
not by making everything happy for
business, but by making millions of peo-
pie happier in their living and in their
opportunities. WILLIAM c. LEE.
Indicts Publicity Bureaus
For misleading Releases.
To the Editor of The Star:
Isn't 1t about time that the publicity
bureaus OF our Government stopped
handing out misleading propaganda
tending to show how well our production
program is going?
I refer to the recent widely quoted
statement that the number of ships (174)
which were launched on Labor Day was
almost half the total of ships sunk In
the Atlantic since Pearl Harbor.
This was an obvious attempt to make
the uninformed believe that the tonnage
launched was nearly half that lost,
whereas it is obvious that most of the
vessels launched must have been of very
small tonnage.
If 500 rowboats had been launched,
then the publicity bureaus might have
stated that more ships were launched
than had been lost-and with an equal
degree of truthfulness. am wondering
If this type of publicity is calculated to
bring about the election of New Dealers
to Congress or merely to make the public
complacent. 1t certainly is not fooling
our enemies. HENRY C. PARKER.
Evening star., 1942-09-14

say also there are large herds of goats
and other livestock there. All the build
ings of this city are of very skillfully
hewn stone.
They say it lies near a great salt lake
which is 200 leagues long, 100 across and
over 600 in coastline. Round about it
lie more than 5000 towns with 5000, 1000
or 5000 Indians each and in the lake
there are many islands with large towns
and many lords and chieftains who gov
ern them. And they have innumerable
canoes and dugouts which are the boats
in which they sail from one point to
another.
"They travel to this great city of Manoa
from all the bordering provinces as to a
metropolis. And in the plains one hears
great tales of the Province of Caranaca
and many captains of the Province of
Venezuela have set out for it as result
of great stories circulating about its
wealth in gold, silver and other valu-
ables. But they never were able to
reach it or explore it, because of the
width of country intervening.
Don Fernando de Berrio captured an
Indian who gave him an accurate &C
count of Caranaca-that there were in
Vulnerable Indians living in Its large
cities on the banks OF lake lying near
low mountain ranges and that his ex-
pedition was tiny compared to the great
numbers Of people there. He took some
handfuls OF sand and said that Just as it
was impossible to count their grains and
particles, 20 1t was to count the Indians
and the towns to be found there: that
Evening star., 1942-09-14

@. Is Harry Lauder, the noted Scottish
comedian, still living?-J. M. C.
A. Sir Harry Lauder is still living. His
home is in Lanarkshire, Scotland.
Imperial Valley press., 1942-08-06
VISITS IN INGLEwooD

Mrs. Pope Long recently returned
from a few weeks visit with her
mother-in-la at Inglewood. She
and Mr.. Long will leave for va
cation some time this month.
Imperial Valley press., 1942-08-06
Deoth to Punish
Treason Offense

DETROIT, Aug. Cup - The
first death sentence for treason un-
der an 152-year-old federal law
was imposed today upon German
born Max Stephan, the 49-year-old
Detroit restaurant owner who be-
trayed his adopted country by be-
friending an escaped Nazi prisoner.
The death penalty was imposed
by Federal Judge Arthur j. Tuttle
as the short, stocky defendant stood
facing the American flag in the
high ceilinged, ornate courtroom.
The court ordered that Stephan
shall be hanged at the federal peni-
tentiary at Milan, Mich. ON Nov.
13.
Thus unless President Roosevelt
or the United States supreme court
intervene, Michigan a state without
capital punishment, will have its
second execution in 108 years. The
last cne occurred in 1888 when
Judge Tuttle sent Tony Chebatoris
to his death after his conviction
by a jury under federal law for
the abortive robbery of the Chemi-
cal State Savings bank at Midland.
Chebatoris was hanged at the fed
eral prison at Milan, Mich.
Stephan was convicted cf treason.