davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-07-31
River Is Crossed on
Front of $50 Miles,
Berlin Declares

BY TIE Associated Press.
BERLIN From German Broad
casts, July 31.-German, Ru-
manian and Slovak troops have
crossed the lower Don River on
a 15O-mile front and already
have thrust spearheads 112 miles
south of the stream, the German
high command declared today.
Fighting is in progress for the
town of Salsk, junction point on
the railways from the Caucasus to
Stalingrad. 100 miles southeast of
Rostov, a communique said.
Kushchevka Declared Occupied.
Speed troops and advanced in
fantry divisions are pursuing the
Russians closely and have barred
further retreat at several points by
outstripping the disorganized fugi-
tives, the command stated.
An infantry division has occupied
Kushchevka. about so miles south of
Rostov on the railway to the Cau-
casus, it added.
The number of Russian prisoners
and amounts Of booty are increas-
ing continually, but no estimates yet
are available as the German and
German-allied forces advance, the
communique declared.
In the big bend of the Don north
east of Rostov, German and Ru-
manian troops have thrown the
Russians across the river, and Ital-
ian forces have repulsed local tank
supported Soviet attacks, it was
asserted
Reds Attack Near Rxhev.
Soviet attempts to break of an
encirclement and to relieve encircled
troops from the outside cost them
81 tanks without success, the COM
munique reported.
Strong Russian attacks were
acknowledged in the north, around
Rzhev. 130 miles west of Moscow,
and on the Volkhov front and out
side Leningrad. All were reported
repulsed, however. with the Russians
losing 40 tanks at Rzhev and seven
boats on the Neva River near
Leningrad.
Evening star., 1942-07-31
Ry the Associated Press.

NEWARK, N. j., July 3l.-The
alertness of State police corporal
was credited today for the arrest
of Warner J. MacFarlane, accused
OF impersonating an Army major so
successfully that he rode around
in a chauffeur driven Army auto
mobile and supervised construction
of an Army canteen.
The 46-year-old defendant was
picked up at Plainfield after Corp.
Walter Hickman became suspicious
Of his credentials and notified the
FBI. E. E. Conroy, assistant FBI
director, said MacFarlane carried
a .25-caliber Mauser pistol in his
automobile. Corp. Hickman recog-
nized that the pistol was not a
sidearm issue of the Army.
Il deny this charge and I have
records to prove it, the 5-foot-4
defendant declared yesterday as
Federal Judge william j. Baker
held him in 5000 bail on charges
Of impersonating an FBI agent
and an Army major.
MacFarlane told the court he
had been working in Florida on a
Government construction Job and
Evening star., 1942-07-31
Russians Hur| Armored Forces
At Nozis Menocing Sto|ingrod;
III Miles Below Don, Foe Says
Ordinary Motorist
Appears Last Time
In Britain Today
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
LONDON, July 31.-The ordi-
nary private motorist made his
final appearance on Britain's
highways today. the last day for
any non essential use of gaso-
line.
Beginning tomorrow, gasoline
coupons will be, issued only on
proof of strictest necessity, but
many drivers who had managed
to save up a gallon or two took
to the road to use the last drop.
The week end of the August 3
bank holiday, Britain's foremost
Summer recreation time, prom
ised to set a stay-at- home
record. The press was full of
warnings that holiday train
passengers might be unable to
get return passage.
Evening star., 1942-07-31
Pension Trust Curbs
Attacked al Senate
Hearing on Tax Bill
House Proposal Called
Barrier to Incentive
Profit Snoring
Py the Associated Press.

Richard D. Sturtevant OF Bar
rington. ILL.,, told the Senate Finance
Committee today that provision of
the new revenue bill Tightening re-
strictions on pension trusts would
cause many businesses to pay
highly inflationary" cash bonuses
Representing the Jewel Tea Co.,
Mr.. Sturtevant asserted that a sec
ton of the House-approved measure
requiring 10 per cent employe par
ticipation in pension trusts set up
by corporations would destroy in
centive profit sharing plans.
He also complained that it was
difficult to interpret a provision
barring discrimination as between
employees in the payment of pen
sions, a section Senator Vanden-
berg, Republican, of Michigan said
might prevent a higher paid worker
from receiving more benefits than
lower-paid worker.
These restrictions we're written
into the bill by the House Ways
and Means Committee at the Treas
ury's suggestion to prevent excessive
tax-free distribution of profits
through pension trusts.
Insurance Spokesman Testifies.
Henry S. Beers of Hartford, Conn,
representing the Association of Life
Insurance Co. Presidents, urged
that the committee make it clear
In the law that stock bonus pension
or profit-sharing plans should not
be considered discriminatory be-
cause they were geared to the rate
of wages
He urged also an amendment which
would permit the exclusion from
such plans of employees covered by
Federal Social Security benefits.
Eugene NJ Klein of Cleveland,
Ohio, pension consultant, advo-
Gated an increase in the amount
business firms could charge off as
deductible tax expense as payments
to pension funds. The bill would
limit such deductions to S per cent
Of the aggregate of employees
salaries.
Earlier, it was reported that Treas
ury support was imminent for a
change to permit individuals and
corporations to cut down-their war
time tax bills by a percentage of
the amount they pay on outstanding
long term debts.
Says Plan viii Be Offered.
Senator Brown, Democrat. OF
Michigan told reporters he had be-
come convinced in conferences with
Treasury experts that debt am
ortiza ton plan of this nature would
(See TAXES, Page A-6)
Evening star., 1942-07-31
U. S. Weapons Superior,
Thomas Says After Test
b, tft Associated Press.

p, The Associated Press.
Representative Thomas, Repubh-
can, OF New Jersey said today he
had just finished an inspection of
some of the most secret of newest
materiel" Of the Army and added
believe me, the Heinies are sure
going to get some terrific surprises"
A comparison of Army ordnance
and captured German weapons at
the Aberdeen MD Proving Grounds
clearly proved the superiority of
American arms" Mr.. Thomas COM
mented. He is member of House
military subcommittee which has
just finished an inspection tour.
He said the nature of some of the
secret weapons has never even been
limited at publicly, and I know they
will come as a complete surprise to
the enemy"
Evening star., 1942-07-31
u. 5. Flyers Destroy
9 Of 49 Jap Planes
Over Port Darwin
Enemy Transport Fired
And Escort Shot Up
North of New Guineu
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
GEN. MACARTHUR'S HEAD
QUARTERS, Australia, July 81
In the biggest burst of aerial
warfare since the Coral Sea bat
tie nearly three months ago,
American flyers in Curtiss Kitty
hawks (P-40s, yesterday shot
down nine japanese raiders over
Port Darwin and downed one or
possibly two Japanese over New
Guinea, while heavy Allied
bombers 100 miles north of New
Guinea set raging fire to a Japa-
nese transport and shot up it's
destroyer escort.
One American plane was shot
down at Darwin. but the pilot
parachuted to safety.
The American fighters tore into the
attacking force of 27 heavy bomb
ers and % escorting Zero fighters
over Darwin, knocking down seven
of the fighters and two bombers
at a cost OF only one defending
plane. The Japanese formations
were completely broken up in this
Allied performance, described by a
headquarters communioue as a piece
Of brilliant interception."
The big raid on the northern
port came in the afternoon after a
light, ineffective morning attack.
Attack Western Port.
In other thrusts at the COM
monwealth, nine high-fying jap
anese bombers made the first at
tack Of the war on Port Hedland,
small freight port southwest of
Broome, in Western Australia, caus-
Ing slight damage and one casualty,
and made a futile, single plane
night attack on Horn Island, in
Torres Strait.
Keeping up their own offensive
operations, Allied heavy bombers
pounced on the destroyer escorted
Japanese transport 100 miles off
Coma Mission, Papua, and scored
five direct hits. leaving the vessel
spouting flames visible for 80 miles.
Then the destroyer escort was
machine-gunned from low level and
her anti-aircraft guns silenced.
The transport, described by to-
days communique as a medium
sized cargo vessel, was the fifth
enemy ship damaged or sunk since
the Japanese invaded the Papuan
Peninsula last week. Heretofore one
transport was sunk and two others
and a destroyer were hit by Allied
bombs.
From all yesterdays operations
three Allied planes were missing.
For the first time In several days
Allied headquarters said there was
no ground activity at Kokoda, inland
village midway between Coma Mis-
sion and the Allied base at Port
Moresby. The latter was attacked
Evening star., 1942-07-31
British Planes Roar
Across Channel in
Daylight Raids
Nozi Flyers Also Active;
Anti-Aircruft Heard
In London Outskirts
BY the Associated Press.


LONDON, July 81. British
fighters swept across the Chan
mel in the direction of Boulogne
this morning in resumption of
daylight raids on the occupied
French coast after a night of
scattered German bombing at
tacks on Britain.
Nazi planes also were active over
the Channel during the forenoon
and heavy anti-aircraft fire was
audible for several minutes on the
outskirts of London, which had two
quick alarms during the night-the
fifth and sixth Of the week.
The gunfire sent shoppers in the
capital scurrying for cover, but
ground watchers spotted no enemy
planes over the city.
8 Midlands Towns Hit.
Eight towns in the Midlands were
hit with high explosives and in
cendiaries by the German night
raiders, who followed the usual
practice of lighting up the target
area with flares before unloading
their bombs.
(The Berlin radio said strong
German bomber formations again
raided Birmingham during the
night)
One Midlands town had its first
real raid of the war. In a second, a
well-known church was damaged,
and in third low-flying planes
machinery gunned the streets.
Although the RAF was prevented
by weather from continuing its
massed raids on Germany last night
(See RAIDS, Page A-3)
Evening star., 1942-07-31
Gen. Sturdee Will Head
Aussie Army Group Here
BY the Associated Press

BY the Associated Press.
CANBERRA, Australia. July 81
nounced today that 1t. Gen. Vernon
Sturdee, chief of the Australian
general staff, is going to Washing
ton to head the Australian military
mission there.
1t. Gen. E. K. Smart, now head
Of the mission in Washington, is
being transferred to London to take
a similar position there.
Evening star., 1942-07-31
British Ruling Takes
Ice Cream OFT u. 5.
Army Camp Menus
By the Associated Press,

By the Associated Press.
LONDON, July 3l.-Ice cream
was taken off the menu at
United States Army camps in
the British Isles today because
OF Ministry of Food ruling
that ice cream manufacturing
Is a non essential industry.
The ministry estimate the
ban would save 10000 tons OF
transport and 1000 tens of
paper a year.
The United States Army
agreed to do without Ice cream
after the manufacturers. ap-
pealing the ministry's ruling,
said they had to continue in
operation to fill the needs Of
the United States forces.
Evening star., 1942-07-31
Crisis Confronts Iron
After Cabinet Quits

b. tht Associated Press.
TEHERAN, Iran, July 3l.-Prime
Minister Ali Soheily announced the
resignation Of his government today
after several OF his cabinet ministers
quit.
Soheily said the cabinet would
continue to function until forma-
ton of q new government.
The crisis appeared to be purely
internal In character.
Evening star., 1942-07-31
Arrival in Britain
OF Top u. 5. Officers
Hints Invasion Role
Stoff Goes to Work ot
Once; More Comedians
Also Reach Port
Ry the Associated Press.

ny 'be hbSOClAbeu fTeSh.
LONDON, July 81. - United
States Army Air Force head
quarters, strengthened by the ar
rival of four high-ranking Of
ficers, hummed today with activ-
ity which spoke of eventual full
scale American participation in
the aerial offensive against Ger
many.
The arrival of the staff officers,
who included Brig Gen. Frank OD.
Hunter, commander of American
fighting plane units in this theater,
and the debarkation of a new con-
tingent of Canadian troops aroused
fresh speculation that an Allied in
vasion of the continent might be
in the offing.
Sir Stafford Cripps' guarded state
ment yesterday in the House of
Commons, where he answered ques-
tions concerning possible estab blish-
ment of a second front by saying
the Government had certain "in-
tentions," also added fuel to these
speculations
The British press, however. re-
Trained from playing up the situa-
ton, and two papers-the Daily
Telegraph and the Sketch-com-
mended the lord privy seal in their
editorial columns for his restraint In
dealing with the issue.
Calls Silence Golden.
when even the village idiot could
see that an Allied invasion must be
in the cards. there can be no harm
in making the enemy jumpy about
| it, the Telegraph said, but added I:
I'm these circumstances silence
even in Parliament. is surely
golden"
The Sketch declared that Sir
Stafford gave the wisest of replies
to those who wish to know the gov
ernment's plans.
Observers showed keen interest in
the appearance of Soviet Ambassa-
dor Ivan Maisky at closed all-party
session of members of Parliament
yesterday. at which he was said to
have given a frank appraisal OF
Russia's military situation.
The News Chronicles political
correspondent declared Maisky had
made it clear he believed the time
had come for the Allies to attempt
to open a second front.
Reuters, meanwhile, reported in
dispatches from the French FROM
tier that the quality of the fortif1.
cations which the Germans have
built along the occupied coast has
been greatly exaggerated, and quoted
a French traveller" as saying Naz
tSee SECOND FRONT, Page A-6.)
Evening star., 1942-07-31
Nelson Backs
Giant Planes,
Kaiser Asserts
Tells Senators WPB
Head AppIouds Plan
To Check Sub Menace
By J. A. O'LEARY.

Henry J. Kaiser, West Coast
shipbuilder, told a Senate Mill
ts.ry Affairs subcommittee today
he now is able to reveal that War
Production Chairman Nelson will
give full support to his plan to
build giant cargo planes to over
come the Axis submarine menace
to war shipping.
Asked by Chairman Lee to indi-
cate what he thought the Govern
ment should do on this question,
Mr.. Kaiser replied:
Il haven't heretofore been free to
disclose any studies I have been
making with the Government, but /
am free now to disclose that have
had, since Donald Nelson came in, a
tremendous amount of support. /
have taken this thing up with him
and he has given me his assurance
OF full support on the construction
O. these flying boats.
Mr.. Kaiser added that, of course,
MIR. Nelson would want to know that
the material would be available to
do the job, adding, But I have his
enthusiastic ambition to see the task
accomplished"
Hopes for Cooperation.
Senator Lee wanted to know II 1t
first would be necessary for Mr.
Kaiser to get the approval OF the
committee directing the aircraft
plans. The witness said he would
want Their. cooperation. He said he
did not want to criticize any one
but wanted to start out believing
all sources would cooperate.
Senator Lee said those in charge
of planning the United States all
program "are as patriotic as any.
one, but I fear they have been toe
cautious N the present situation"
Mr.. Kaiser also testified he hac
been working on the material sit
uation this morning, and reiterated
his assertion of yesterday thai
America has the materials, "and Its
lust a matter Of finding them"
Cromwell Testifies.
James H. r. Cromwell, former
United States Minister to Canada
and unsuccessful candidate for the
Senate in New Jersey two years ago
appeared as an individual to urge
air transport of war supplies. anc
suggested that Mr.. Kaiser be made
the czar Of air transport"
He suggested that advocates OF all
cargo transportation had encoun-
tered "the royal run around" but
said no one was to blame for that
because there did not seem to be
any one with authority to authorize
study of the question.
Mr. Cromwell said he had accom-
panied OH inspection trips Robert
Filmer. who testified yesterday on
the feasibility of turning out large
numbers of plywood cargo planes.
Mr.. Cromwell said he belonged t6
the bomb hell out of 'em school OF
thought on how to win the war
and declared I'VE are losing this wal
because we cannot get spare parts
(See CARGO PLANES, Page A-6o
Evening star., 1942-07-31
Summary Of Todoy's Star
Foreign

Foreign
-Four killed, l3 injured In air raid on
Alexandra. Page Az
Japs lose 1 bombers and fighters
In Hengyang raids. Page Az
National
Arrival OF top U. S. officers in Britain
hints invasion. Page Al
Pension trust changes in new tax
bill criticized. Page Al
Debt payment credit In taxes gains
support here. Page Al
Kaiser says Nelson supports his cargo
plane plan. Page Al
Petrillo ban on canned music" ef-
fective tonight. Pare Az
Senators push building OF air
freighters for service. Page AS
Evening star., 1942-07-31
Five Believed Killed
In Army Bomber Crash
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
MOBILE, Ala, July 3l.-Five
crew members of a light Army
bomber from Brookley Field Ala.
were believed killed last night when
their plane crashed in Mobile Bay
and sank in 20 feet of water, Capt.
Q. S. Farmer, Brookley public re-
lations oh1cer, announced.
Names of the crew were unan-
nounced pending recovery OF the
bodies, Capt. Farmer said.
The plane fell about IN miles
from shore and sank Immediately
1t was on a routine flight.
Evening star., 1942-07-31
Germans Rolling On
South of Rostov;
CovoIry Is Active
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
MOSCOW, July 31.-Armored
trains of the Red Army rolled
into the shell-torn steppes Of the
Don bend today, bringing up
fresh reinforcements for the de-
tenders who already had re-
ported checking the German
onslaught west OF Stalingrad.
The new troops were rushed
straightway into the battle which
has ragged for a week in the great
loop of the Don, front dispatches
said.
But while the Russians there were
said to be holding the Nazi advance,
even thrusting it back at some
points, the situation below Rostov
continued extremely grave, with the
Germans admittedly still able to roll
on at points south of the Don.
Dispatches from the hard-pressed
front south of Rostov and Tsim-
lyansk said the Russians had lost
further ground and reported a grave
threat developing between Bataisk,
IS miles south OF Rostov, and the
Sea of Azov.
Cavalry Deals Heavy Blow.
Although there was no indication
that the main Caucasus army OF 1t.
Gen. u. T. Kozlov yet had been
thrown into the fight, Red Star re-
ported that in the Don bend battle
loving cavalrymen from the Soviet
Bashkir Republic on the western
slopes Ut the Urals had dealt the
Germans a heavy blow in a surprise
night attack.
Led by Col. Mingaly Shaimuratov,
q veteran of IS years OF military
operations who lost his life in the
charge, the riding descendants
OF the warriors of Ghengis Khan
were said to have driven the Ger
mans cut of a village with heavy
losses.
Red Star said full division Of the
Bashklr cavalry had Joined the Don
bend battle.
1t was there that the Russians re-
ported repulsing the German at
tack In a see-saw battle south and
southwest of Kletskaya. 80 miles
from Stalingrad, where the Germans
hurled flying wedges OF troops
walled by tanks into the fight.
From the Voronezh front the Rus
slams also reported repulsing the
Germans in fighting for bridgeheads
on both sides of the Don.
Charge Nazis Use Red Uniforms.
Red Army men in the Tsimlyansk
area. on the Lower Don midway
between Rostov and Stallngrad.
were said to be fighting on with
the object of annihilating the enemy
group which crossed the river"
Red Star charged that Red Army
uniforms had been used by the Ger
mans for attacks in two sectors, but
said the deception was discovered
and the attacking forces, totaling
three battalions, were wiped out.
White tabs, not worn by the Rus
slams, had been placed on the col
lars, the army newspaper said.
While Nazi vanguards sought to
smash their way into Red Army de-
fenses before the Don bend, swarms
of dive bombers struck at the Rus
sian-held river crossings under the
fire of Red Army planes and ground
guns.
During a flve-day battle In the
IN" sector German aircraft raided
every 2O-mile section in waves of
10. Red Star said, but the defenders
held and handed out heavy punish
ment. The newspaper reported 5000
Germans were killed.
Retreat in Bataisk Sector.
The Russians fell back again in
the sector of Bataisk. on the Rostov-
Baku Railway in the Kuban fiat
lands. but dispatches said they were
turning back every German thrust
tSee RUSSIA, Page A-10)
Evening star., 1942-07-31

l6 villages in Slovenia reported
wiped out by Nazis. Page A-3
Washington and Vicinity.
Future AFRAID drills may come
without warning. Page B-l
Employment in District set at 494.-
600 IN mld-June. Page B-1
Four emergency repair depots being
set up here. Page B-I
Formula for charges against CALM
ger patients set. Page B-1
Board OF Appeals grants Q of "a
draft appeals. Page HI
Five-cent relief milk porgram ends
To-Day. Page B-1
Misc elIony.
Births and Deaths. Pare Ar
Uncle Rays Corner. Pare B-1s
Marriage Licenses. Page Ala
Evening star., 1942-07-31

(See AUSTRALIA, Page A-3J
Evening star., 1942-07-31

tsee sABOTEURs, page A-6.1
Evening star., 1942-07-31
Miscellany.

Births and Deaths.
Uncle Rays Corner .
Marriage Licenses.
Evening star., 1942-07-31

(See RAIDS, Page A-3.)
Evening star., 1942-07-31

(See TAXES, Page A-6)
Evening star., 1942-07-31

lSee SECOND FRONT, Page Al
Evening star., 1942-07-31

Late news and sports are covered On
Pages TX and Ak Of this edition Of
The Star, supplementing the news Of
the regular home delivered edition.
The Phoenix index., 1942-02-28

Thus another government
building attempts TO adopt
policy of segregation among its
workers. all of which is meeting
bitter opposition from the colored
girls themselves.
The Phoenix index., 1942-02-28
Urban League Charges
Labor Discrimination

Brooklyn, and New Jersey. the
National Urban League statement
pointed out that many Industrial
corporations working on large de-
fense contracts obey the letter but
not the spirit of the Presidents
Executive Order by placing one
or two Negroes in unSkilled posi-
tions, or making ''token" place
ments and hiring a handful OF
Negroes in plants employing hun
dreds of men, or by imposing un-
reasonable qualifications where Ne
groes are concerned, or by politely
receiving the applications OF Ne
groes, promising consideration and
letting the matter rest there.
The practices of certain unions,
likewise, bar Negro workers from
defense Jobs and handicap those
employers who are attempting to
comply with the Presidents Exc
cutive Order. Unions, operating
in important defense plants, such
as the international Association OF
Machinists, American Wire Weav-
ers' Protection Association ana
certain marine unions have con-
stitional or ritual provisions which