davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-08-25
This Changing World
Nozis Setting stoee for Big Mediterranean Bottle;
Berlin Hod Reason for Vomiting Brazil in War

ons and supervised by able Nazi
officers.
Tunisia, according to reports, Is
only nominally under French
control. In fact, the Nazis rule
there unchallenged and are using
the important bases of Sfax and
Bizerte to bring reinforcements
to Field Marshal Erwin Rommel.
Speculation Is heard in WASH
ington on the reason Nan sub
marines deliberately sank Brazil
ian ships when Berlin knew well
that such = challenge would
force a Brazilian declaration Of
war. There Is . large popula-
ton Of German extraction in
Brazil and the first result of a
declaration OF war necessarily
was internment of all Nazis and
their Brazilian-born sympath-
izers. These formed q powerful
element In the principal cities
and provinces OF Brazil.
Desired State Of War.
The Nazis knew that President
Getulio Vargas was not a man to
accept their insults supinely.
The only explanation given for
their conduct Is that they still
harbor hopes Of invading Natal
and other points on the Brazil
ian bulge nearest Africa and
desired = state of war. There
seems to be little question that
the Nazis are making intense
preparations along the West
African coast.
The Nazis probably will con-
slider the campaign in Russia
concluded If they capture Stalin-
grad and Astrakhan, the prin-
cipal northern port on the Cas-
plan Sea. 1t is too early to say
Evening star., 1942-08-25

gigantic task Of escorting vital
conveys across the Atlantic and
the Mediterranean, Axis trans
ports with supplies and men are
slipping through the Allied block
ade and landing their cargoes at
Casablanca, Dakar, or Rio de Oro,
the Spanish colony on the bulge
Of Africa.
Airdromes Being Improved.
Work Is being rushed on the
communications system from
French North African ports
across the Atlas Mountains and
the desert. The French, under
Nazi pressure, are reported to be
completing = railway line and q
highway, while available air.
dromes are being improved and
new runways built for heavier
planes.
In contrast with Spanish mill
tary power, the French army in
North Africa is near disintegra-
ton. It lacks war material, for
one thing. Gen. Auguste Nogues,
the French commander there, is
not particularly friendly toward
the Nazis, but he has to take into
account the professional Spanish
army In Morocco, the strength Of
which is estimated at between
$4,000 and 10000 men. who are
well supplied with modern weap-
Evening star., 1942-08-25
To the man or woman
who really needs a loan

IT'S good rule not to borrow
i if you can avoid it. But if a
loan is the best way out, get your
loan at the lowest rate you can.
And take no longer to repay than
you really need.
At Household Finance you
can borrow at 90 per month.
This rate is far below the maxi
mum rate of 312% per month
authorized by the Maryland Small
Loan Law. Borrowers at House
hold may repay in full at any
time. The sooner you repay the
less your loan costs.
You may get a Household FL
Evening star., 1942-08-25

nance loan on furniture, car or
note. No endorsers are needed.
We never take wage assignments.
You may repay in instalments
which fit your own pocketbook.
Household loans help families
meet emergency expenses of many
kinds. Many folks use the service
to pay old bills and work their
way out of debt. The monthly
payment plan can help you pay off
a large debt payday by payday. If
you can make good use of a loan
at any time, we will be glad to
tell you more about Household
service.
Evening star., 1942-08-25
b the Associated Press.

AN EAST COAST PORT. Aug. Is.
-Forty-one survivors Of q United
States ship, sunk late in June in the
Indian Ocean, landed on . wild
African beach to be greeted BY
armed, nude natives who acted mot
like sAvages but like gentlemen.
Capt. w. w. KuEne. skipper Of the
torpedoed ship. reported his men
feared tight when they saw the
wicked knives carried by the natives,
but instead they received q friendly
welcome, were fed and helped back
to civilization.
Two torpedoes which the captain
believed came from q motor torpedo
boat sank the vessel. In the act Of
abandoning ship, one hfeboat was
upset and Il men, including two of
the 10-man naval gun crew, are
missing.
The survivors assembled in one
lifeboat, abandoning two others, and
were suffering from thirst and hun
ger on reaching land seven days
later.
Capt. Kuhne said they had to pass
Evening star., 1942-08-25
Brazil Key in War on Subs
Maj Eliot Sees Chance to Smosh U-Boots
In Their Lost Happy Hunting Ground

has characterized Germanys sub
marine operation 30 far.
The effect Of this will not be I'm
mediately felt, because 1t will take
Us = little while to get submarines
under control In the South Atlantic
and for the rising losses in subma-
rines to begin to affect the num-
bers available for service.
However, by next spring these
numbers should be sharply reduced.
and the reduction in shipping losses
plus the rising curve of the Amer
lean shipbuilding program should by
that time have effected q notable
Improvement In our shipping situa-
tion, with beneficial results on all
our far-f1ung battle fronts.
Major Defense Need Cited.
One point 1t is particularly neces-
sary to keep In mind. and that is
the need for preventing the Ger
mans from acquiring any new bases
by means Of which they can increase
the efficiency Of their submarine
operation.
This consideration tends to direct
attention particularly to the French
ports on the west coast of Africa
and to Spain and Spanish Africa.
If the Germans could acquire bases
there and keep them supplied even
with small amounts of fuel and
spare parts, their submarine cam
paign might obtain a new lease OF
life.
Barring this, the value OF the SUBJ
marine to the Axis appears likely
to diminish from this point onward.
Instead, the submarine will become
q more formidable weapon to the
United Nations than 1t will to the
Axis, because the one nation which
will continue to possess vital sea
lanes open to submarine attsck, and
without adequate convoy protection,
will be Japan.
Effect on Japan Analysed.
Ono might even suggest the ex-
treme likelihood Of a concentration
Of United Nations submarines in the
Pacific area coincident with the ac-
QUESTION by us OF additional island
bases from which these submarines
could operate against Japans ship
ping.
Should Japan become involved In
hostilities with Russia she would
have at least another 100 submarines
to deal with, and this fact alone may
be exercising some deterrent effect
at Toxic.
At the moment shipping is an
even more vital problem to Japan
than to the United Nations, If that
be possible, and the vulnerability OF
Japanese shipping to submarine
attack seems likely to increase with
the progress Of offensive operations
in the Pacific, which reduce Japan's
naval strength and increase our
base facilities.
tcopvrtsnt 1o42 b. New York Tribune Inc,,
Evening star., 1942-08-25


Socialists and other left wing
groups in behalf of the Roosevelt
Garner presidential ticket. Sec
ondly, 1t enabled Mayor La
Guardia to go all out for the
New Deal without assuming the
Democratic label. 49,
This maneuver worked per-
fectly from Mr.. Roosevelts per-
sonal standpoint. 1t added 274,-
924 to his top-heavy New York
plurality over ALI M. Landon in
1886 and 417,418 labor votes cast
for Roosevelt provided his margin
of victory in 1910. Counting only
Democratic and Republican votes,
Wendell L. Willkie would have
carried New York State by a
plurality of 192,978. In the BIZ
election of 1898, the Labor party
vote of 419,979 for Gov. Herbert
H. Lehman was even more deci-
sive. Gov. Lehman's overall plu-
rality as against Thomas E.
Dewey was only 64,394.
The Inevitable Break.
Now the break between Demo-
Gratis and American Laborites,
long regarded as inevitable, has
occurred. The Labor party has
nominated Dean Alfange, who
terms himself an Independent
Democrat. to oppose John j.
Bennett, jr., the regular Demo-
cratic nominee. The Laborites
say their man Is the only blown
in-the-bottle New Dealer in the
race and they point to Mr..
Roosevelts bitter opposition to
Mr.. Bennett as proof of this
statement.
The consensus of New York
political observers is that If Mr..
Alfange polls even half as many
votes as were cast in the Labor
party column in 1910, the elec-
ton of Mr.. Dewey, who again is
the Republican gubernatorial
nominee, is certain.
The current situation in Cali
fornia stems back to Mr.. Roose-
velt's courtship Of the produc-
tion-for-use radicals who stole
the Democratic gubernatorial
nomination for Upton Sinclair in
1884 and almost elected him.
Again in 1888 the Sinclairites
won in the Democratic primary
with Culbert L. Olson and Sheri-
dan Downey as their nominees,
respectively, for Governor and
Senator.
Party Faces Bitter Split.
During the last three and q
half years Republicans and con-
servative Democrats in the State
Legislature more and more have
ganged up against Gov. Olson.
Evening star., 1942-08-25

cynics to the contrary notwithstand-
ing-there are still some things
about Americas war production pro-
gram that he can tell them which
the Office of War Information,
Archibald MacLeish's short-wave
propaganda and the nightly broad
casts OF Col. William Donovan's
efficient corps Of journalistic experts
may have inadvertently omitted this
past year.
Anyway. the team OF Willkie-
Roosevelt is working together even
in the midst OF a noxious political
campaign-and that's something.
Reproduction Rishts Reserved.)
Evening star., 1942-08-25

cry OF AQQlGlOI1Al cSCOtt Vessels aQQ
aircraft.
During August submarine sink
ings in the Gulf Of Mexico and the
Caribbean Sea have fallen off sharp
ly, and the submarines have gone
to the last happy hunting ground"
open to them, the area between
West Africa and Brazil.
II they can be checked In those
waters the German policy OF con-
centrating submarine operations
will have been defeated, for there
is no other place left where un-
defended shipping can be found In
sufficient numbers to make the con-
centrated effort Of the German
U-boat fleet worth while.
Ships and Bases Needed.
To deal with the U-boat CAM
paign In its new theater Of opera
tions, both bases and ships are
necessary. Ships can probably be
made available, with the Brazilian
Navy adding somewhat to tho total
United Nations strength, and with
transfers from other theaters.
Bases are available on the west
coast of Africa at Bathurst, Free
town and the Gold Coast, and As
cension Island may prove OF some
value.
But without Brazil the United
Nations would have no base on
the South American coast nearer
than Paramaribo, some 800 miles
from the northeastern shoulder of
Brazil. With Brazil in the war, all
Of her harbors become available as
bases Of operation for United Ma
tions anti-submarine activities, and
IN a comparatively short time it
should be possible definitely to check
the U-boat war in this area.
1t is not too much to say that II
this Is actually accomplished the
submarine is beaten. 1t has been
pretty thoroughly demonstrated
that against adequate convoy and
patrol measures the submarine can
accomplish very little.
It has succeeded In infiictinR Sc
we're losses only In the absence Of
such measures. With the south At
lantic closed, there is no place
within the effective radius Of action
Of submarines from German-held
bases where the Germans can carry
on U-boat campaign effectively.
World War Situation Seen.
They will have to resort to the
old, wasteful methods OF the last
war, scattering their submarines
around in the hope of picking OF
stray target here and there.
In other words, we have now
reached approximately the position
of just Is years ago-the late sum-
mer OF 1917, when the institution Of
the convoy system was finally
bringing the submarine menace un-
der control.
There will be other losses, Of
course. but it may fairly be pre-
dicted that they win not again
reach tho peak Of severity which
Evening star., 1942-08-25

IEo<]ERRA~EA~
whether these detectives will be
reached, but available informa-
ton points to q Russian defeat
In that area.
All reports reaching Washing
ton and London indicate that
soon after the Nazis achieve
their objectives in the Northern
Caucasus they will strike along
the entire Mediterranean and
Near Eastern front.
The Allies are making every
effort to meet the Nazi offensive
and reinforcements are being
hastened to the most seriously
menaced strategic regions.
Evening star., 1942-08-25

country.
The fedora
and brogue boys
should be MUS
tered from their
. t OIL e . an d
placed In MILL
tary positions
that call for
dominant lead
ership. wills Of
iron and tenn
pers that brook
no opposition.
I speak for
Evening star., 1942-08-25
Political History Repeats
Presidential Fostering Of Third Porty Groups
Hos Been Costly to Democratic Porty

NOW EaIl WATIcu, The repuDu"
can State attorney general, Is
running for both Republican and
Democratic nominations for Gov
ernor. Mr.. Warren is given only
a slim chance of beating Gov.
Olson for the Democratic nomi-
nation, but 1t is certain that the
Democratic party will be bitterly
divided in the November election.
Similar tie-ups of President
Roosevelt with radical elements
have obliterated the Democratic
party almost completely In Min
nesoSa and Wisconsin and given
1t severe setbacks in Nebraska,
Oregon, Washington and Penn
sylvania.
In 1896 President Roosevelt in
duced the Minnesota Democrats
to withdraw their State ticket in
favor OF the Farmer-Laborites.
The main purpose of this was to
scotch the Farmer-Labor presi-
dental ticket, headed by William
Lemke. On this score 1t was
temporarily successful, but also
1t paved the way for Repub-
lican comeback in Minnesota,
In 1888 Democrats and Farmer
Laborites once more were at each
others throats, with result that
Gov. Harold E. Stassen and all
other Republican State candi-
dates won overwhelmingly. Tho
Democratic gubernatorial NOM
inee in that year polled only 65,-
875 votes, compared with 678, ,839
Tor Gov. Stassen and 387 1862 for
Elmer Benson, Farmer-Laborite.
Party Was Junked.
In the same way Mr.. Roosevelt
IN 1884 and 1886 junked the DEM
ocratic party In Wisconsin in be-
half of the La Toilette Progress
sives. The aftermath of this al
lance was that Julius He'll, Re-
publican, won the governorship
In 1888 with 543,675 votes, as
against 353,3s1 for Philip La Fol-
lette and only 7S,446 for the
Democratic nominee, Harry
Bolens.
In Nebraska, in 1885, President
Roosevelt threw overheard the
Democratic nominee for Senator
and supported George w. Norris,
the Independent incumbent. Re-
suit: The Republicans got foot
IN the Nebraska door in 1888 for
the first time in many years and
swept all before them in 1910.
In Oregon the national admin
istration tied up with Henry
Hess, Laborite opponent Of Gov.
Charles H. Martin in the 1898
Democratic primary. Mr.. Hess
won, but he was beaten by
Charles L. Sprague, Republican,
in the ensuing election, and the
Republicans have been on the up
and up in Oregon ever since.
In 1888 in Pennsylvania Presi-
dent Roosevelt joined with Sena-
tor Guffey in support of John L.
Lewis gubernatorial choice,
Thomas Kennedy. The resultant
Democratic split gave the Repub-
Icans all State offices and a sem
atorship in that year.
The main appeal OF James A.
Farley in the New York guberna-
torial fracas was for return to old
fashioned Democratic loyalty and
regularity and there are many
indications that his success with
this slogan has lighted new po-
htical fires among Democrats in
many States.
Evening star., 1942-08-25

German subma-
r n e campaign,
which was the
cause Of BraZil's
declaration Of
war.
AS pointed out
In my article Of
August 2, the
submarine men,
ace in the North
Atlantic is di-
m / n l S h ing as
conveys become
better protected
with the deliv-
Evening star., 1942-08-25
Bots Give Firemen
AII-kieht Bottle
Py the Associated Press.

Fy the Associated Press.
STOCKTON. Calif-A four alarm
fire never was like this.
A continual squealing precluded
any possibility Of sleep down ut fire
headquarters. Irate firemen piled
out of bed and drove about 1000
bats from narrow space between
the engine house and another
building.
The bats swarmed through open
windows into the bedroom of the
fire station.
Fighting with brooms and clubs,
the firemen evicted about 900 of
the bats in a six-hour battle. The
others remained.
Came the dawn. The other coo
bats new back in.
Ehes paper shortage has revived
talk Of inStAlIin9 voting machines
Evening star., 1942-08-25

uClA AHu uIlUl-
fetal. do not
seem to explain
anything salts
factorily.
II Mr.. Willkie
were going. as
the White House
says, to tell Rus
sia, China. Iran,
1raq. Egypt and
their vario o u S
rulers how much
better produc-
ton really Is in
Evening star., 1942-08-25


the newspapers here say it is. the
question arises why it wouldn't have
been better to send William Green
or Phil Murray, who can testify
without blinking an eye that there
have been no strikes, no war stop
pages and no production delays.
These are the men who, like the
President, believe America doesn't
have any labor troubles-or hardly
any.
Just why Mr.. Willkie was chosen
TO tell the foreign statesmen that
the American press has been lying
about the strikes or exaggerating
the insigniflcant-so insignificant
that the War Labor Board one day
has to threaten charges of treason
against meters of jurisdictional
strikes and another day the Presi-
dent has to order the Army to take
over plant in Massachusetts, and
tns Navy the next day to take one
over IA New JERSEYS little diff
cult for the average observer to
undsrstand.
Mr.. Willkie has had a good deal
OF confidence In the American press
and Its handling of news reports on
. spontaneous rather than an arti-
ficial basis, but even II he shared
the Presidents distrust, it still is a
puzzle why Mr.. Roosevelt didn't call
In the ambassadors and ministers
Of the various countries and let
them convey "the truth" to their
respective governments directly.
Also, 1t is bit Of a mystery how,
with the existing censorship of all
outgoing press and radio messages,
tho Censorship Bureau permits these
lies about strikes to get transmitted
abroad.
Political Factor Possible.
Then comes along the person with
the irritating explanation that the
idea Of telling the foreign peoples
about our production and the in
significant delays here isn't really
the purpose Of the Willkie trip at
all and that 1t has more to do with
the opening Of second front" In
New York State than anywhere
else.
The explanation advanced is that
Mr.. Winkie Is not overly fond of
Thomas e. Dewey politically speak
ing-and that the administration
has spared the 1910 nominee the
necessity Of being here during the
gubernatorial campaign so that
Willkie Republicans can vote for
John ]. Bennett. r.. and thus help
ruin Mr.. Dewey's chances of being
contender In the 1914 contest for the
Republican presidential nomina-
ton.
Such a cynical bit of reasoning is
most unfortunate. For hasn't 1t
been announced that Mr.. Willkie
will be back on October Is, which
is ample time for him to stump the
State before election day on behalf
Of Mr.. Dewey?
In answer to this, it is cruelty
suggested that the October Is date
for Mr.. WILKES return was an
nosinced before the White House had
made public the Willkie itinerary and
now there has been 4 public state
ment that the folks at the executive
ofices forgot to include China.
Maybe they forgot to say, too, that
airplane schedules are pretty irregu-
lar and maybe Mr.. Willkie possibly
will be delayed by circumstances
beyond his control and maybe he
won't get back till after election.
May Fiji in Omissions.
one thing seems certain. Mr..
OeWey's loss Of . vigorous stump
Evening star., 1942-08-25

States and the
same is likely
to happen in
New York and
may happen in
California this
year.
The Ameri-
c an L a b o r
party was or
ganiZed in New
York in 1886 for
two major pur-
poses. First, 1t
was designed
Evening star., 1942-08-25
BY JAY G. HAYDEN.

President Roosevelt's fostering
Of third party groups previously
has brought disaster to the Demo-
cratic party in q half dozen
Evening star., 1942-08-25
WilIkie Trip
Has Elements
OfMystery
Production Exploration
Theory Fails to
Satisfy Curious
BY DAVID LAWRENCE.

There's . good deal Of mystery
about that trip OF Wendell Willkie
to points east, beyond the seas.
All the different explanations, Of
Evening star., 1942-08-25
BY MAI. GEORGE FIELDING
ELIOT,

The most immediate military sig
ntficance of Brazil's entry into the
war as . member Of the United
Nations probably has to do with the
Evening star., 1942-08-25

THE opinions OF the crs this their not
necessarily The Stars Such opinions presented The
Stars effort to oue all sides OF Qsssttons OF interest
readers although such opinions be contradictory among
themselves and directly opposed to The Stars.
Evening star., 1942-08-25
By CONSTANTINE BROWN.


From the Straits Of Gibraltar
to the Nile Delta the palm and
olive-lined shores Of the Medi-
terranean are being prepared for
the greatest battle that has ever
taken place In that region, which
has been the scene Of wars for
thousands OF years.
Attention In America and Brit
ain being centered on the last
stages Of the battle In the south
Of Russia. events In Spain and
North Africa attract little notice.
Yet each week new shipments OF
war materials and men arrive in
Africa. The Spanish army which
was sent to Morocco at the end
Of the civil war Is being strength
ened each day, among the new
arrivals being German technical
and staff ofncers.
While the American and Brit
ish Navies are dealing with the
Evening star., 1942-08-25
Ladies' Guild PIons Fete

A benefit supper will be held at
the st. Barnabas Church, Oxon
Hill. Md, from 4:30 to pm. today.
The supper will be served by the
Ladies' Guild.
Evening star., 1942-08-25
McLemore
Hot Solesmen Hove
Stuff Of GeneruIs
BY HENRY MeLEMoRE,

II by now there are any commits
sions left to hand out to civilians.
they should be given at once 10 the
mems hat and shoe salesmen Of this
Evening star., 1942-08-25

Vegetable Fat Ice Cream
Northern Ireland has decreed that
Ice cream must be made Of vegetable
fat instead OF milk fat.
Evening star., 1942-08-25
n Gents q Package
Burns Up Yankee 4,
Smokers in Egypt = :

Ey the Associated Press. ~
AT. A UNITED STATES
ARMY CAMP IN THE EGYPT
TIAN DESERT. Aug. 25.-sahd
flies, desert sores, the high pr4e
Of beer--these are only routine
complaints Of the United Statps
troops here.
Wflat has them burned mofs
than the desert sun Is the cieu-
rette situation. ux
Their reason: They have, 10
pay "a cents a pack for cig1-
rettes marked "complimentG 81
smokes for Yanks. ffs
Evening star., 1942-08-25

Ehes paper shortage has revived
talk OF installing voting machines.
Evening star., 1942-08-25

'apt. Kuhne said they had to pass plane.