davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-07-21
This Changing World
Behind-Seenes Struggle Raging in Capital
Over erection Of Independent Air Force

OF these men. There have been
unpublicized instances where the
views OF the RAP commander
have conflicted with those Of
army and navy chiefs.
In such instances the Raj
commander has often followed
his own inclinations. regardless
of the objections OF his naval
and military colleagues. While
the RAF performed spectacular
". thanks to the bravery OF its
officers, and won great public
acclaim, thanks to the astute-
ness OF it's public relations btu
reau, strategy has suffered.
Luftwaffe Subordinated.
The Nazis have a nominally
independent air force under the
highest ranking officer in Ger
many, Reichmarshal Hermann
Goering. In fact, however, the
Luftwaffe never acts on its own
initiative. It's operations are
subordinated to those of the land
forces, as was the case in Bel
GUM, Holland and France.
When the Luftwaffe operates
against conveys carrying sup
plies to Russia or when 1t covers
movements of warships. as when
the battleships Gneisenau and
Scharnhorst and cruiser Prinz
Eugen escaped from Brest. 1t acts
under the command OF the adj
miral In charge of such opera
tions.
The same thing applies to the
Japanese and Italian air arms.
The Russians, whose aviation
also is f1rst-class, have subordi-
mated 1t to the commander of
the particular zone of opera
tions. Thus, the British alone
Of all the belligerents maintain
an air force which is completely
independent Of the other fight
ing services.
The question Of whether we
should follow the British ex-
ample, which in the opinion OF
many high-ranking military and
naval officers has not proved a
startling success, or whether we
should continue the present or
ganization Is being hotly con-
tested.
Although number OF promi-
nent Senators and Representa-
tives are ready to espouse the
cause Of an independent air
force, it is believed in most au-
thoritative quarters that nothing
will be done to change the pres
ent setup. for the time being, at
least. Aviation must demon
strate more clearly the need for
separation from the Jurisdiction
OF the Army and Navy COM
mands.
Evening star., 1942-07-21
10 users OF
MANHATTAN
Laundry and Dry Cleaning
SERVICE

Yes, Ma am, it's hot-and it's too bad that the
hotter it gets, the larger each family's laundry
bundle grows. It's too bad for two reasons:
First, even before hot weather started, here at
Manhattan we were handling far more laundry
and dry cleaning work than ever before :. and
now that hot weather demands so many more
changes of clothes, we're practically swamped! !!
But we want you to know that the men and
women who do the work here at Manhattan are
working hard to take care of all the bigger
bundles you are sending to us, and at the same
time keep up the quality of our work under
exceedingly difficult hot weather conditions.
Second, we know it's inconvenent for you not
to be able to get some laundry work done, or
have your husbands summer clothes cleaned,
as quickly as you used to in the past. But war
Evening star., 1942-07-21

infantry drawn largely from the
older classes of reservists and pos
sessing very little artillery or other
auxiliary arms
These brigades have been used In
China mainly for holding fixed posi-
tions in various parts OF the coun-
try. >cf9 Ht& tG}@1asv
This Is another evidence Of the
shifts to which the japanese high
Evening star., 1942-07-21

makes it essential for all of us to help conserve
trucks, tires and gasolinc-so we can no longer
make special collections and deliveries to help
you take care Of your hot weather laundry and
dry cleaning problem. The best we can do is
ask that you plan the use Of your clothes, and
changes of linens, so as to make the best use of
our wartime collection and delivery schedule
Fortunately, most of our customers seem to
understand the wartime problems which con-
front Washington laundrics, and their friendly,
cooperative spirit has been extremely gratifying.
We have spent over IS years building reputa-
ton for fine laundry and dry cleaning service,
and, despite wartime difficulties, we're just as
anxious as ever to please you. No matter how hot
it gets, we'll keep doing our perspiring best to
deserve your good will and your business.
Evening star., 1942-07-21

command is being put in its en-
deavor to maintain its military posi-
ton In China.
There is probably no theater of
operations in which little help now
can accomplish as much as can the
supplying of few aircraft and Ger
tain additional items Of munition-
ment to our Chinese allies.
(Copyrisht, 1912, New York Tribune, Incl
Evening star., 1942-07-21
By CONSTANTINE BROWN.

A behind -the-scenes struggle is
going on in Washington over the
creation of an independent air
force similar to Britains Royal
Air Force.
Advocates of this plan are pull
ing for the establishment OF
a separate air force and have en-
listed the sympathies Of many
members of Congress. They are
counting on further support from
the public because of the impor-
tant role the air arms Of the
armed forces have played since
the beginning of the war.
On the other hand, the men
who direct our grand strategy
and those who work out war
plans and prepare operations by
the fighting forces believe the
experience of the RAF is suffi-
cient to prove that the air arm
should remain subordinated to
Army and Navy commanders who
direct major operations In the
field.
The matter is extremely con-
troversial and of the highest i'm
portance for the successful prose-
cution of the war. The British
organized an independent air
force under q cabinet minister
soon after aviation won recog-
milton as an important factor In
future wars.
Makes Its Own Decisions.
The British Air Ministry, now
some 20 years old. was directing
civilian and military aviation
long before it was realized just
how big part planes would play.
But in creating this independent
force the British allowed 1t to
surpass the other branches Of the
fighting forces, with the result
that today 1t is q greater power
than the high command itself.
It is a state within the state.
The Raj decides on its own
initiative what action to take,
and where to fight, and in more
than one instance, after consult
ing the supreme command, it has
taken its own decisions, regard
less of the advice or objections
OF the high command. The pub
licity enjoyed by the Raj, thanks
to the heroic deeds of It's per-
sonnel, has overshadowed all
other branches of the British
fighting forces and it has even
exceeded in popularity the pride
Of the British nation-the Royal
Navy.
The Raj Is absolutely 1nde-
pendent and works when neces-
sary In collaboration with the
naval or army commanders, but
1t Is not subordinated to eithe
Evening star., 1942-07-21

staying po W e r.
Their system Of
making war is
one of never re-
laxing pressure
on the enemy.
BY dint of SUI
p erior equip
ment, the Japa-
nese succeeded
| n & n | n 6
ground, always
paying a price,
but the moment
their efforts are
roIo yod tho Ch{
Evening star., 1942-07-21

weaken the war
effort. But it has
been d ere e d
that there must
be elections this
year, and that
means t h e r e
must be politics
plus demagog-
uery no matter
what the cost to
the nation.
The most con-
spicuou us ex-
ample of the ef-
Evening star., 1942-07-21

team is that the
air conditioning
unit in the War
Department has
broken d ow n
and the WASH
ington heat has
had its effect
Nothing, you
know, gets as
hot In the head
as a head with
a brass hat on 1t.
1t was undoubt-
edly a general in
Evening star., 1942-07-21

THE opinions OF the Drers this their not
necessarily The Stars Such opinions presented IN The
Stars effort to gsve all sides OF questions OF interest to It's
readers although opinions may contradictory among
themselves and directly opposed to The Stars
Evening star., 1942-07-21
Uruquoy Signs Poet Todoys.

MONTEVIDEO, Uruguay, July n
.R.-A reciprocal trade treaty be-
tween Uruguay and the United
States will be signed here today BY
Foreign Minister Alberto Guani ana
United States Ambassador William
Dawson.
Evening star., 1942-07-21
BY MAJ. GEORGE FIELDING
ELIOT.

The news from China is decidedly
good. Once again our Chinese allies
haves demonstrated their almost in
credible courage, offensive spirit and
Evening star., 1942-07-21
McLemore-
keyIond ond Wade
OF Better Use in Army,
N ,,r>rpy ~svrnsopr

BY HENRY McLEMORE. ,dT
The most charitable view to tHke
Of the appointment OF 1t. Col. Bob
Neyland and Maj. Wallace Wade as
coaches OF the all-Army football
Evening star., 1942-07-21
Politics Seen
Guiding Vote
On Tax Bill
House DeoIs Heavy
Blow to Life of
Little Business
By DAVID LAWRENCE.

Politics Is becoming an expensive
affair-so expensive that it may ac-
complish the undermining of the
American economic system and thus
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1942-02-13

ed the Nursery School Association
meeting at the B. F. Nelson Me-
mortal Community House in Min
neapolis. Miss Hall is Director Of
the Phyllis Wheatley House Nurs-
cry School, Miss Minor Of the
Halle Q. Brown Nursery School
and Miss Jeffries is Miss Minors
assistant.
Mrs. Lula Keene, 563 Central
Ave-, and Mrs. V. Rolands, 531
Aurora, have been hostesses in sue
cession on January % and Febru-
airy 4 to the Big Four Club Of the
Women's Christian Society. After
the business meeting refreshments
were served in each instance,
The Harris Galloway nuptials
will take place at 9 p. m. on SUM-
day night, February Is, at Pilgrim
Baptist Church after the regular
evening services.
Mr.. and Mrs. Ben Embree, 805
Carroll Ave-, had as dinner guests
Sunday, Mr.. and Mrs. Frank Boyd,
Mr.. and Mrs. A. Lark, Mr.. and Mrs.
Percy Green, Mr.. Walter Bronson
and Mrs. Vera Thomas.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1942-02-13
300 Attend
Wheatley AUX.
Annual Meet

S. Vincent Owens, executive Sec
rotary of the st. Paul Urban
League, spoke to approximately
three hundred dinner guests at the
annual dinner of the Phyllis
Wheatly Auxiliary on Tuesday
evening, Feb. 10. After a brief
summary of the growth of Settle
ment House work, Owens por-
trayed to the group what an i'm
portant part settlement houses and
social service had in the effort the
race was making in Working
Toward an Effective Democracy
which was the title of his address.
The speaker expressed the idea
that out of the war a more effec-
tive democracy was Forthcoming,
but deplored the fact that it took
a war to help establish rights
which already belong to the ma
TONS greatest minority group.
Mae Marshall, mistress Of cere-
monies and retiring president of
the Auxiliary, gave the welcome
address, acknowledging the guests
from st. Paul and w. M. Smith,
who was probably the oldest Auxil-
larry member in the house. Newly
elected officers of the Auxiliary
were introduced.
Magnolia Latimer, head resident,
spoke-calling attention to the
highlights in the activities of the
House and invited everyone to read
the House Activities Bulletin which
was placed at every plate.
James A. Davis, president of the
Board of Directors, introduced the
new members of the board, John
Thomas, NYA personnel director,
and Wendell T. Burns, vice presi-
dent of the Northwestern National
Bank.
Music was furnished by the Mu-
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1942-02-13
Social and Personal
o MINNEAPOLIS o

sic Department of Phyllis Wheat
ley House with selections rendered
by the Mixed chorus, the girls sex
tette and mems quartette. Henry
Thomas, Community Service Sec
rotary, introduced the speaker.
Mrs. Sarah Nichols won the rs
lbs. of sugar given away by the
Progressive Club.
Mrs. Geneva Moore, 2815 Chica-
go Ave-, entertained Mines. John
Anderson, Bud Wagner, Sidney
Anderson of Fergus Falls at lunch
con Friday evening, Feb. z.
The Local SIC Women's Auxil.
larry will meet Thursday, Feb. 26,
at eight o'clock at the home Of
Mrs. Eugene Shepherd, 1920 18th
Ave. s. All members are urged to
attend.
Mrs. Governor Cook, 27O9 Both
ave. d. was guest OF honor at a
surprise birthday party Monday,
Feb. 2, at her home. Mr.. Cook
was host and the honoree received
many gifts.
Harlan T. Russell, Sr, 5O49
James Ave. No, has been indis-
posed with a bad cold. Donald W.
Russell, 11-year-old son, is at Uni
versity Hospital undergoing exami-
nation.
Ralph Jones, business man, has
been confined to Asbury Hospital
with bronchial pneumonia.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1942-02-13

Mrs. Esther Brown, 405 st. An
thony Ave., has received word of
the serious illness of her father in
Topeka, Kansas. Mrs. Brown
couldn't go to visit him as, she
planned because of i'll health.
Mr.. John M. Whitaker of the
Halle @. Brown Staff is now re-
siding at 419 Sherburne Ave.
Mrs. Cortland Bell of N. Grotto
st. was honored on Saturday of
last week with a Stork Shower
given by Miss Lorraine Harper and
Mrs. Deloris Whitaker at the home
of Mr.. and Mrs. Richard Washing
ton of W. Central Ave. The Cort-
land Bells are expecting the stork
at their home in March.
The Cameo Social Club held it's
semi-monthly business meeting on
Wednesday,, Feb. a, at the Sterling
club at which time plans were
made for a Dutch Treat party to
be held on Wednesday, Feb. 10, at
the home of Miss Peggy Tresvan,
8O4 st. Anthony Ave. On We'd
nesday, March A, the Men of the
Cameo club will entertain the
ladies with a party at the home of
George W. Brooks, Jr., ITO st. An
thony Ave.
The Tuesday Night Bridge Club
met this week at the home of Mrs.
Ruth Brooks, ITO st. Anthony Ave.
First club prize was won by Mrs.
Ruth Carol, second by Mrs. Essie
Stewart and the BOBBY by Mrs.
Cora Belle Banks. The next meet
ing will be on Tuesday, Feb. "a, at
the home of Mrs. Banks, 8S7 Lyle
hart Ave.
Word has been received here that
Mrs. Marvel jackson Cooper of
New York City, a former Saint
Paulite, is i'll in a hospital in New
York.
Mr.. Billy Boyd, son of Mrs. Leila
]. Boyd, 344 N. Dale St., was mar
ried recently in Pasadena, Cali
fornia, to Miss Geneva Redmond of
that city. Mr.. and Mrs. Boyd are
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1942-02-13
residing at Is Yale St.

residing at rs Yale st.
Red, white and blue was the dec
orative note at the Cabaret Party
given on Friday, February 6, at the
Sterling Club by the Credjafawn
Social Club. About forty members
attended the affair.
Mr.. and Mrs. Lyman Myers, 912
Iglehart Ave-, are receiving con-
CALCULATIONS on the birth of a baby
girl, born Wednesday, February 4,
at st. Joseph's Hospital, weighing
eight and one-half pounds. The
new addition to the Myers family
has been named Sondra Marie. The
baby's maternal grandparents are
Mr.. and Mrs. J. B. Sykes, $50 Ron
do Ave-, the maternal great-grand-
mother is Mrs. James Birddeaux,
1882 Rondo Ave-, and her paternal
grandparents are Mr.. and Mrs. Ly-
man Myers, ST., of Indianapolis,
Indiana.
Little jeanne Johnson, SCI st.
Anthony Ave., celebrated her
eighth birthday on Saturday, Jan
uary 81, with a birthday party.
Games were played and many gifts
were received by the honoree. Ice
cream was served in the form of
individual animal molds. Guests
included Kenneth and Maurice
Duke, lone Brown, Skippy and
Marlene MCGEE, Dorothy and Gayle
Payne, Tommy Carroll, with Rosie
M. Johnson and Barbara Jean Vas
sar assisting with the service.
The Riverview Willing Workers
Club held a wild squad dinner on
Tuesday, February 10, at the home
of Mr.. and Mrs. Edgar A. Collins
of the East River Road. Guests in
Guided the members of the Mis-
sionary Society and Messrs. and
Mesdames Ernest Baker, U. s. G.
Coram, George Hall, Miss 1.
Myrtle Garden, and Mr.. Thomas
Cambridge. Games were played
for the evenings entertainment.
The Misses Leah M. Minor, Doro-
thy Hall and Laura Jeffries attend
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1942-02-13
StT0mbsrg-GarIs0n
END TABLE RADIO

Five new type tubes, edge
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lovely mahogany Chippendsle
esbinstS. Regularly $3.50;
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Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1942-02-13

Mrs. Leroy Coleman, followed by
the serving of dainty refreshments.
The honoree received many lovely
gifts. Those attending included
Mesdames Mandrilla Cooper, John
A. Barker, John L. Banks, Jr.,
Arlee Slaughter, Leroy Coleman,
S. Edward Hall, Jimmie Lee,
Misses Laura jeffrey, Marguerite
B. Tresvan and Evalyn Kelly. .
Miss Hall will be maid of honor
at the wedding, Mrs. Allen, matron
of honor, Mr.. L. W. Harris, brother
of the bride, will be the best man,
and Messrs. Theodore F. Allen and
Elmer C. Bradley will be ushers.
Flower girls will be Sonia and
Lydia Nelson, daughters of Rev.
C. Nelson. Arrangements for the
wedding procession are being made
by Mrs. S. E. Ware.
The Missionary Society of Pill
grim Baptist Church entertained at
a miscellaneous shower on Tues
day, Feb. 10, for bride-elect, Miss
Harris. Games were played and
refreshments served in attractive
style. Guests included Mesdames
Louella Brown, Alberta Pleasant,
W. B. Baines, Alberta Bell, Evalyn
Ball, Arlee Slaughter, Martha
Diggs, Pauline Martin, Roxie And
erson, L. Quigler, Rosie Moore,
Elizabeth jefferson, Effie Larkin,
Rev. J. W. Phelps and Bailey L.
Morris. The affair was held at
the home of Mrs. Bailey L. Morris,
SAB Fuller Ave. Many useful and
beautiful gifts were received by
the honoree.
Mrs. Leroy Coleman, 1872 West
Central Ave-, was the honoree
when Miss Corinne Powell, 697
Carroll Ave., entertained on Tues
day, Feb. 10, at her home with
a Stork Shower. The evenings en-
tertainment consisted of Stork
Bridge with first prize being
awarded to Miss Junauld Brown,
second to Miss Leah M. Minor and
the BOBBY to Miss Florence Gibbs.
Guests included Mesdames Clarence
Taylor, James F. Simms and Bert
ram Shannon, Misses Florence
Gibbs, Myrtle and Josephine Vas
sar, Rosemond Collier, Lola Vas
sar, Mable Hickman, Leah M.
Minor, Harriet and Junauld Brown
and Earline Stokes. Sending gifts
but not attending were the Misses
Billie Rita Rhodes, Laura Jeffries,
Jane&belle Murphy and Mrs. George
Brooks, Jr. Come spring, the Le-
roy Colemans are expecting visit
from the Stork.
Miss Margaret Alternately, grad
uate student at the University Of
Minnesota, is now residing at the
home of Mrs. Gay Ponders of Ron
do Ave.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1942-02-13
PHILC0
RADIO.PH0N0G GRAPH

Brand new. No needles TO
change. new type pickup. tilt
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Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1942-02-13

A regular $3.50 radio with
five big new type tubes,
permanent speed motor. perm
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Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1942-02-13

~~%NA SN"0' Inv BAOdP 10 SOilu
well known in musical circles here.
He arranges their numbers and
they, in turn, reflect his training
admirably. The personnel of the
group is Ann Morris, first mando-
lin, Addie Armstrong, second man
dolin, Machine Thomas, third man.
dolin, Frances Morris, mandola,
jeanette Armstrong, Inando cello
and mandolin, Dorothy Munson,
first guitar, Donna Guy, second
guitar, Virginia Robertson, third
guitar, Ruth Davis, vocalist and
Hawaiian guitar, Ruth Morris,
string bassist, and Juanita Schuck,
featured vocalist. Others who ap-
peared on the program were the
Halle @. Brown Chorus with Lois
Curtis, soprano, and Laura Mae
Smith, reader, q. T. Munson, the
Barber Sisters, Robert Cooper,
Dorothy Ashby, Peggy Rhodes, the
four Melody Maids, Dorothy Mum
son and Betty Dodd, a dancing duo,
Gloria Williams, The Mello Tones
from Minneapolis, and Elizabeth
Moore. Miss Janeabelle Murphy
acted as mistress of ceremonies
and Robert r. Mitchell assisted
with the program arrangement.
The committee in charge consisted
of Mesdames S. E. Ware, chair
man, Carrie B. McWatt, publicity,
S. Vincent Owens, Robert R.
Mitchell, Viola Munson and Mary
D. Mcfarland, chairman. A crowd
ed house made an appreciative au-
dience who applauded the "Stars
of Tomorrow" on their way to fu-
ture fame.
Mrs. Charles Daniels, 324 East
14th st., entertained group of
friends on Saturday, Feb. Z, and
Sunday, Feb. 8, in honor of her
birthday. Displayed on the table
were numerous birthday cards,
gifts, kilograms and two large
cakes. Games were played and
dainty refreshments were served.
The st. Paul Community Council
met on Thursday, Feb. S, at the
Halle @. Brown House at $3.50
p. m. The main business of the
meeting was Civilian Defense Ac-
Invites, after which arrangements
were made to take a group picture.
Miss Odell Harris, daughter of
Mrs. L. w. Harris of 482 w. Cen
trail Ave-, whose Forthcoming mar
rage to Mr.. Nathaniel Galloway
will be an event Of Sunday, Feb.
10, at 9 p. m. at Pilgrim Baptist
Church, was the guest of honor on
Saturday, Feb. 7, when Miss Dor
othy Hall and Mrs. Theodore F.
Allen, 996 Iglehart Ave-, enter
tanned with a miscellaneous we'd
ding shower at 8 p. m. A color
scheme of baby blue and pink was
carried out with a valentine note
consisting of heart-shaped cake,
topped by a miniature bride and
groom and decorated with cut flow
ers, flanked on either side by tall
candles. Games were played with
prizes being awarded to Evalyn E.
Kelly, Marguerite B. Tresvan and
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1942-02-13

The worlds best selling port
able rsdiol &C DC Battery,
built-in aerial. sig latest type
tubes, light weight in leather
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Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1942-02-13
Social and Personal
By Estyr L. Bradley
BY Estyr l.. Bradley
693 Carroll Avenue Dale 1926
ST. PAUL

One of the most interesting features of Tomorrow
recital sponsored by the Women Auxiliary St. Urban
League Monday February at the Halle Community
the sepa ases composed of eleven
girls between the of ten and SIXTEEN baby blue
formal gowns The conducted endenon who
Evening star., 1942-10-16
Local Dogs Dominate
Storm-Cut Field
In NCFT Trials
Transportation Trouble
Keeps Howse Entries
From Competition

A small, but select field, mostly Of
local dogs, is running today and to-
morrow in the 3Oth annual members
trials of the National Capital Field
Trial Club. The trials are being held
on Mount Pleasant Farm on the
Rockville Potomac road.
Transportation difficulties brought
on by heavy rains kept away many
out-of-toWn entries. Virgil p.
Hawse of Staunton, Va, was to de-
fend the Ford E. Young Trophy in
today's all-age stake, and sent in six
entries, but had to cancel them by
wire late last night.
Preceding the all-age this after
noon was the derby for puppies this
morning. The trial will conclude
with the shooting dog stake all day
tomorrow.
Pairings:
Equity SNOWFALL and Emydoodle, v for Vic
{ tory ..aad and Joe. Louisville Lou and slye
All i-age-Bronco Pilot Jake and Vic, Chief
Outacite and Wayside Bob Junior. No Delay
and Nusym's Mohawk Beauxla Frank OF
Washington and Homeward Constant Re
Sam; Belle Of WASHINGTON and Joys Pilot
Sam.
Shooting d0sEsymhsr. s and Major 4ah Il,s Has-
win. Connor's Dash and Grassland s
Count: Promos' Valiant Victorian and
Battistone Daisy Mae; Jack Lighting and
Whirlaway Ferris Bob: Kings Porter's Pat
and Alfalfa Bills Dusty; Nick Jackson and
Kings JEFF Betty's Pride's Chief and
| Parks Sally Ann: Connors Check and
| Parks Pohick Joe: Nueents' Mohawk Beaux
| and Airman's Pal Happy Rap's King and
| Bo Susie: Glenstone Bobbie.