davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-04-24

One Of the real pleasures of living In
the suburbs is listening TO the morning
bird chorus.
This does not begin in earnest until
May, but there are plenty of pre-
liminaries, already.
To hear the real chorus. the listener
must wait until the famous merry
month of May" which is still merry.
in essentials, despite the load of misery
and woe the world bears.
These bombs bursting In air, as i'm
portant as they seem, are just blots on
the face of nature.
Nature knows nothing OF them. She
goes her way, oolivious Of what her
mad child, man, does to mar her per-
fection.
The birds, being pure children Of
nature. know nothing of man-made
wars.
Over the centuries, they have been
used to catastrophe.
Gigantic evolutions of nature. ice ages
and the like, huge convulsions of crust
and water, have left the birds In pos
session of the trees Of the earth,
Just one creature disputes the trees
with them, and he. of course, is the
squirrel.
SQUIRREL and bird, In the main, get
along very well together.
Mankind might look to bird and squtr-
rel relations for a good lesson In how it
may be done.
In the coming merry month OF May,
the birds out our way, and out your
way, will sing Justify in the early hours,
beginning about 4:30 an, Eastern
standard time.
The birds know nothing of daylight
saving time, or war time (not wartime,
run togethep.
They have been saving daylight" all
these centuries.
Maybe they invented 1t.
1t is q good idea, anyway-for birds.
Because they 60 to bed early.
Many persons still are puzzled by day.
light saving. They should keep In mind
that we are now running on "fast time. y
The old standard time was SLOW time. +"
Once you get the idea Of fast and slow,
there no longer is any difhculty about
the matter.
Il
The morning bird chorus remains one
of natures finest products. But you
have to be awake to hear 1t.
Persons just moved to the suburbs
often fnd their first spring there q
matter of trial, partly on account Of
that chorus in the morning
The very thing which. in time, they
will welcome as one of the finest things
to country living, at first they curse.
City living often works up hard and
fast habits.
Being awaked by the lusty singing Of
the birds seems, at first, just one OF
these things no one can stand.
Evening star., 1942-04-24
Defense of Indio

Two reassuring statements have
been made to the people Of India on
the japanese threat to that country.
The first is broadcast by Sir Archi-
bald Wavel, commander In chief of
the British and native forces, stat
ing that India's defenses are growing
stronger every day and that the
| United Nations are massing sea
power to drive the japanese from the
Indian Ocean. Sir Archibald did not
deny the possibility of Japanese
landings on India's immense stretch
of eastern coastline, extending some
1900 miles. But he did assert that
the invaders would be met by strong
air attacks and quick troop concen-
trations which should nullify their
progress.
Equally fortnight are the remarks
of Louis Johnson, head of the United
States advisory mission, who told
press conference that the defense of
India is of vital concern to America.
Stating that United States troops
already are in India and more will
come" Mr.. Johnson assured his hear
ers that American technical skill will
be put Fundamentally at India's dis
posal, He emphasized Americas
realization that India is major part
of what is "one war-world- wide
war and not a European war with an
Asiatic sideshow," and that the
United Nations are not disposed "to
accept defeat on one front so as to
assure victory on another"
Mr.. Johnson's reference to Ameri-
can troops now in India presumably
meant the air force under Major
General Lewis H. Brereton, which
already has struck effective blows at
the Japanese in the Andaman Islands
and elsewhere. This American force
is a welcome addition to strong re-
Inducements of the R. A. F. which
have been flown to India in recent
weeks. The British ground troops
in India are supposed to number
about $4,000. The native Indian
Army has been rapidly expanded
during the war from 10000 to over
100000, though many of the best
units are serving outside the country.
1t is a professional army, recruited
entirely by voluntary enlistment from
the warrior stocks of the country,
and consists largely of Moslems,
Sikhs and Gurkhas, none of whom
would be affected by the Hindu
dominated Congress party and its
demands for full control of India.
Thus the Indian Army can be count
ed on to fight Loyalty against the Jap
anese invasion. It's drawbacks are
lack of heavy equipment and lack
of training for the more recent
recruits.
1t may be doubted that the Japa-
nese high command will risk land
ings on Indian soil until the cam
paign in Burma has been strategi-
cally decided in it's favor That,
however, may not be far off. Japan
apparently is throwing troops into
Burma in great numbers for quick
cleanup before the monsoon rains.
Then India's time of trial will be at
hand. But, as Sir Archibald remarks,
every day finds the defense better
prepared. So even a short breath
ing space may tip the wavering scales
in the United Nations favor. Clearly,
both Britain and America are doing
their utmost to bring this about.
Evening star., 1942-04-24

work during period of low employment
at low wages. Does she wish to sponsor
1t now as further stimulant to indus
trial wages for the war and postwar
period, when the original reason for
Its existence has disappeared? She
also quotes the Secretary of the Navy
on the subject of war production, but
makes no reference to the Navy De-
partments statement that overtime pay
ments viii add $4,000, 900 600 to the naval
construction program Mr. Smith makes
that point. Or did Mrs. Norton mean
to say that the Navy Department was
wrong, when she said that repeal OF the
bill would have little or no effect upon
the employment of skilled workers? 1
am left confused.
Mr.. Smith, on the other hand. does
not seem to regard 40-hour- week leg
islation as forward looking" Mrs. Nor
toms term. He implies that it is back
ward looking, apparently believing that
full employment without time land "a half
overtime is fair deal. Are wages fair"
II workers receive weekly pay for 40 hours
and the same rate for additional time, or
should time and half for overtime be
paid under all conditions because the
extra hours are excessive? If so, should
not he devote his efforts to expanding
the overtime theory to the Army and
Navy and Office workers. instead of op-
posing fair deal to Industrial labor?
MRS. RUSSELL SHELK.
Evening star., 1942-04-24

@. Why Is IL that the japanese though
of small stature, as a rule have large
and prominent teetha-F. r.
A. The Smithsonian Institution says
that all the yellow-brown people have
somewhat larger teeth on the average
than white civilized people. Among the
Japanese and some Chinese the ten
dency is for the teeth to protrade. This
tendency is racial characteristic, the
reasons for which are complex.
@. Why is the gravestone of Ben JON
son, In Westminster Abbey, so small?--
r. w. B.
A. Bell In his Life of Ben Jonson"
says: The smallness of the surface oc-
cupied by the gravestone Is explained
by the fact that the comm was depoe-
tied In an upright position, possibly to
diminish the fees by economy of space"
q. What Is meant by the Anglican
Communion?-E. d. G.
A. The term refers to the English
speaking churches which are In COM
munion with the Church of England
and hold essentially the same faith, or
der and worship. The other, churches
are the Church Of Ireland, the Church
In Wales, the Scottish Episcopal Church.
the Protestant Episcopal Church Of the
United States, the Anglican churches
In the British Dominions and Colonies,
Q. When was baseball first played2--
r. D. M.
A. Research by Robert w. Henderson
has brought to light evidence that base
ball Is closely allied to the old West
England sport of FOUNDERS and that the
game was played In England as early
as l744. George Ewing, soldier of
the Revolution, wrote In his journal ut
Valley Forge on April z, 1776, that he
exercised in the afternoon In the in
tervals played at base" There are other
references to the game In America dur
ing the early years of the 10Th century.
@. Who conceived the idea of having
a Pan-American Congress?--C. r. L.
A. Anne Peck IN The Pageant of
South American History" says that ap-
proximately 100 years ago. Simon Bolivar
conceived the idea of a body of Ameri-
can nations consulting and cooperating
for their mutual benefit He called the
first congress Of the Americas to meet
at Panama in 1896 Although the meet
ing was failure 1t did establish the
principle Of cooperation among Ameri-
can nations.
@. Which Presidents are said to have
been experts In shorthand?-P. d.
A. James Madison used a system of
shorthand, devised by himself. to write
the minutes of the Constitutional Con-
vention. They constitute the only ON
cial record of the proceedings of this
historic assembly and hence are of the
highest value. Woodrow Wilson, also,
was shorthand expert.
@. Is pidgin English an English or
Chinese language?-C. p. r.
A. Prof Gray In his Foundations of
Language" says that pidgin English, that
is business English, is essentially an
English vocabulary adapted to Chinese
phonology and with the Chinese gram
matical system.
@. How does Eve Curie sum up women
of different nationalities?-B. T. H.
A. The celebrated French woman has
written: American women have the
best figures, French women have the
most charm and italian women the most
vivacity."
Evening star., 1942-04-24

1t is said that. while a number of
blooms have wide popularity, there
is no actual national flower" of
Russia. That little plant called
Jewel weed" might do for the pres
ent, at least; one harsh touch and the
many tiny seeds fly rapidly in
all directions and produce similar
growthS.
Evening star., 1942-04-24
growths.

Pandit Nehru says his party is not
going to embarrass the war effort in
India Of Britain and America. That
is nice. 1t is sort of like a man about
to be beaten up saying, Help me
fend OF this thug and ! promise I
will not bite you In the ankle while
YOU are at it,
Evening star., 1942-04-24
Describes Faith
In Democratic Processes.

In Democratic Processes.
To the Editor of The Star:
Democracy Is a Way to Get Rich"
was the substance of statement in
letter received In reply to one of my
recent letters to The Star" relative to
the worth-whileness of democracy. Well,
mhesitatingly admit the truth of
that statement. However, on the other
hand, may respectfully point out that
democracy is also way to prevent the
accumulation of riches?
For instance, suppose that the Ameri-
can people should want to keep some
individual from getting rich in some
particular business or enterprise, are
there any restrictions, under democracy,
that would prevent them from accom-
plishing their purpose by the simple
method OF not purchasing that in
dividuaPs wares or services? In truth,
hasn't that formula frequently been
followed IN the past to put out of busi-
ness some disliked or dishonest indi-
vidual' And the satisfying part of this
formula is that it does not necessitate
the legal restraining or physical de-
struction of single being.
But It is suggested. this or that is
essential. and consequently we must
purchase 1t to live" Well, before
would be too sure that this or that"
Is essential. carefully would check up
and determine II 1t really Is.
I. for one. have unalterable faith in
democracy. Yes. have unalterable
faith that under 1t man can attain
those greatly desired goals of justice,
equality and liberty. However. do
not believe that he Is doing his part
toward those goals when he deliberate
y makes some individual rich and then
"cusses' that individual for being that
way. J. j. SPEaRY.
Evening star., 1942-04-24
Letters to the Editor

Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address of
the tDriter, although the use OF
pseudonyn for publication is
permissible. The Star reserpes
the right to edit all letters Nth
a DietD to condensation.
Evening star., 1942-04-24

Says Radio Discussion Of Labor
Leaves Her Mind Confused.
To the EDITOR Of The Star
I was very much interested IN Repre-
sentative Mary Norton's and Representa-
tive Howard Smiths presentations on
the labor problem over the National
Radio Forum. Yet. both being independ-
emily prepared in advance. they leave
me unconvineed. Why cannot they. or
you. pull them together7
Mrs. Norton overlooked or did not care
TO say, anything about the purpose of
the walsh-Heaiy Act, namely. to spread
Evening star., 1942-04-24
Discusses Questions
About Life's Meaning.
To the Editor of The Star.

TO EIIt EuItUE UI 7 Ht SL4F.
The notes of despair, which sometimes
are sounded in certain quarters, should
be quelled. "Oh, what's the use; life is
such a mess" sometimes is said, or "I
wonder what it is all about?" Well, we
do not have to know what it is all about.
1t has been said that life is not prob
lem; 1t Is task. And those that face
the struggle with hope and courage are
far better citizens than those gloomy,
despairing ones that are forever pre-
dieting disaster
EDMUND K. GOLDsBORoUGH.
Evening star., 1942-04-24

Uncle Sans Almanac-An al
manac that is as useful In July
as In January-because it con-
tains a wealth Of concise and
authoritative information useful
to the whole family. 1t Is q pri-
vste publication assembled main
ly from governmental sources
and is full of everyday facts and
figures. 1t covers over 200 sub-
iects including ready references
calendar for 200 years, game law
sources. postal rates, distance
table, and much other wanted
information. To secure your copy
of this publication inclose 10
cents in coin, wrapped in this
clipping, and mail to The star
Information Bureau.
Name
Address
Evening star., 1942-04-24

The Associated Press 10 exclusively entitled 20
the use for repuolieatinn OF all news dispatches
credited 10 IL or not otherwise credited in this
xper and also the local nevs published herein.
Ali rights Of publication OF special dispstebes
herein also are reserved
Evening star., 1942-04-24
Praises News Article
On Blood Donor Idealism.

To the Editor Of The Star:
The District Red Cross wishes to ex-
press appreciation of the admirable ac-
count of the Red Cross blood donor
service written by Robert c. Harper and
appearing in The Star of April 2o
We particularly liked the emphasis
laid by Mr. Harper upon the essential
democracy of the Red Cross. To us it
has always been very heartening and
hopeful thing to see men, women and
children Of all creeds, races and colors
enrolled under the banner of the Red
Gross.
Mr.. Harpers accurate and we'll
written story Is most helpful. We are
glad that he made 1t so clear that
through the blood donor service and
other Red Gross support, people at home
are helping the men on the fighting
fronts, and we feel his reference to
freedom loving people" putting ideals
into practice was an excellent summary
/of Red Cross spirit.
MRS. ADDISON c. FOSTER,
Chairman, Newspaper Com
mittee, District Red Cross.
Argues Interests Of Postal Clerks
In Time Of Rising Living Costs.
To the Editor of The Star:
have read with interest your recent
editorial under the caption Timely
Veto," in which you dealt with longevity
pay bill for postal workers.
No attempt will be made to defend the
measure as sound piece of legislation,
particularly in view Of the fact that 1t
met no increased living costs for junior
or substitute employees of the United
States Postal Service.
1t does serve to emphasize, however,
that steps should be taken by the United
States Congress which will keep our
skilled personnel intact in order that all
out war efforts may be adequately served
by an efficient communications system.
Putting it another way, steps should
be taken to prevent a repetition of
demoralized conditions which existed In
the postal service during the First
World War
In that general connection, may We
invite attention to a brief which We
filed with the House Post Ofice Commit
tee at the time hearings were held on
longevity pay legislation?
This document. in which we freely
quote from the testimony of the late
Charles C. Kellogg. an outstanding
postal Official, vividly portrays conditions
which obtained during the First World
War. Certainly, We cannot afford
repetition of that depokable situation in
the postal service of this arsenal of de-
mocracy.
What, then. is your solution whereby
Post once employees may meet increased
living costs which have risen 172 per
cent since war broke out in Europe?
STEPHEN w. ANKENBRANDT.
Secretary. Michigan Federation
of Post once Clerks.
Evening star., 1942-04-24
Rates by MsiI-Paysbis In Advance
Msryisna and ylrginia.
Member OF the Associated Press

Entered as second class matter post ofscs
WaEhtnKton. . c.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1942-04-18
Nv PERCY GREENE

In spite OF rains, storm clouds
ard high winds, more than 300
Negro workers Of jackson, a crowd
that filled Central M. E. church
to capacity, including standing
room and overlooked out into the
streets attended mass meeting
here last Wednesday NIGHT, call
ed by leading Negro political, CIV
ic and religious leaders of the
city for the purpose of consider
Jug the matter OF employment OF
Negroes at the Mississippi Ord
ance Plant at Flora, Mississippi.
The large crowd attending the
meeting was in part due to the
prominence and number of Negro
leaders whose names appeared on
hundreds, of hand bills distribute
throughout the Negro sections o.
the city, included Attorney s y
Redmond, Dr.. G. L. Barnes, Rev.
A. L Holland, B. I. Robinson
Prof. T. B. Wilson, Mrs M. A.
Collins. DR.. A. H. MCCOY, E w.
Banks, DR.. G.. A. Price. DR.. A NJ
Redmond, Bishop w. A. Thur
mond, Rev W. w. Blackmon ane
w P. Whitfield.
After the usual preliminaries. c.
A. Hall was elected chairman o.
the meeting, giving as he assum-
ed the chair very forceful and
intelligent outline of the plan and
purpose of the meeting.
Following his introduction bv tn
vhairman Mr.. Cy w Record (white)
of The Office of Production Man
agement, Division of Negro En-
ployment of the War Production
Board delivered the principal re
marks of the evening, which in
Guided his information from M. Q
P. officials with resnect to the
present plans and policy for tn
employment of Negroes.
AS TO the present plan and pol
icy of the plant officials with re-
spects to the employment of Ne
groes, Mr.. Record said that tn
officials had informed him that
Negro workers would only be en-
ployed as maids, in the cafe de-
pertinent, ianitors and truck driv.
ers, and if Negro workers were en-
ployed at all in the basic depart
ments of the plant, it would DC
only after all available white
workers in Jackson, Kinds County
and surrounding counties had been
exhausted.
In informed quarters doubt was
expressed as to the truck drivers
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1942-04-18
Douglass Grandson
Takes His Own Life

TUSKEGEE, Ala.-(A N P)-Dr
frederick Douglass, great-grandson
Of the famous orator, statesman
and editor Of slavery and recon-
struction days, committed suicide
here Thursday night by taxing an
overdose of sleeping tablets. DR.
Douglass, a native of Washington
D. c., and graduate Of Howard
University Medical school, was said
by friends to have been in q de-
pressed state of mind due to ex-
cessive drinking and perhaps to
domestic differences.
He was married to Miss Nancy
Washington, granddaughter OF
Booker T. Washington, and the
wedding which took place Nov. IL,
1o41, in the former home Of the re-
nowned educator, was one Of the
outstanding social events Of this
country.
DR.. Douglass was on the staff OF
the u. S. Veterans facility, which
is located adjacent to Tuskegee in
stitute.
He maintained quarters at the
home of Mrs. l.. G. Gamlin IN
nearby Greenwood where he and his
wife lived and where his body was
discovered. His wife had gone when
his body was found and by his side
was a bottle which had held 500
sleeping tablets, 100 Of which were
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1942-04-18
War Production Board Officials
Define Mississippi Ordnance
Plant Policy On Hiring Negroes

because of the Local Transfers
and Truck Drivers Union, which
bars Negro members.
Pointing out that such plan
and policy was in violation of Esx-
ecuCive Order No. $500, recently is
sued by President Roosevelt, Mr.
Record advised his hearers that
the only way to obtain a chance
in the present policy was by pro-
testing and brinping the matter to
the attention of Washington
Following the speech Of Mr.. Rec
ord. il was proposed and accented
among other things. that Fact
Finding Committee for the purnosa
of obtaining further information
on which to make protest to Wash
inoton be created. Following the
regular procedure. DR.. S D. Red
mend. largely responsible for call
ing the meeting, but absent, was
elected Chairman of the Commit
tee. Rev. w. w. Blackmon, Secre-
tary. Edward Lee, Treasurer, and
T. B Wilson, E.. w. Banks, Dr..
A. H. Mccoy, ). w. Wilson, Rob-
ert Bell as members.
Before the weeks end how
ever. il began to appear possible
that the plan and purpose. OF the
meeting was being lost in a tragic
and comical fiascO, as many OF
the most prominent leaders due
largely to the fact that Mr.. Rec
ord has intimated that powerful
CONTINUED on Back Page)
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1942-04-18
investigators
Appointed In
No. LyncFliing
Appointments
Made By
Atty General

WASHINGTON, lamp - In
yestigations of the Sikeston, MO-,
lynching will be handled by jacob
M. LASTLY of st. Louis, according
to an announcement by Attorney
General Biddle on Saturday. A fed
eral grand jury investigation Will be
conducted. Mr.. LASTLY has been
named special assistant to the at
torney general and will join with
Harry G. Blanton, U. S. attorney
for the Eastern Missouri district, in
presenting the evidence gathered by
an extended FBI inquiry to a grand
Jury which begins meeting May Is
The case involved the killing of
Cleo Wright by a mob on January
IS. Wright had been arrested on
a charge of attempted criminal as
sault and was wounded when he at
tackled the arresting officer with q
knife.
Department Of Justice officials
said their investigation showed
that, "after Wright was taken to
jail, a group Of SO or so more per-
sons attempted to remove the door,
there being no local police authori-
ties on duty. State police officers
dispersed that group, but 1t reas-
sembled several hours later and
stormed the jail. Wright was ~
moved, tied by his feet to the back
of an automobile and dragged
through the Sikeston colored Sec
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1942-04-18
NY. Times Has
Faint Praise
For Naval Policy
Says Secretary's
AnnouncementCood
AS Far AS 1t Goes

NEW YORK-Very faint praise
bordering on criticism was voiced
editorially by the New York Times
April 8, for the Nays revised poll
cy on the enlistment of Negroes.
The Times editorial said Secre-
tary Knox's announcement sis good
as far as it goes" and continued
IF this nation is faithful to its
democratic principles, they NE
groes will have the opportunity to
fight in this war, by sea as by
land, and to be ranked according
to their worth as individual"
The complete editorial:
THE NEGRO AND THE NAVY
Secretary Knox's announcement
that Negroes are henceforth to be
enlisted in naval and marine COM
bat units, and that they may ex-
pect to be promoted according to
merit to noncommissioned ranks Is
good as far as it goes. The unhap-
py undertone in this new policy Is
its admission that the Navy has
heretofore made racial distinctions,
for which no warrant can be found
In the Constitution. the statutes or
the democratic traditions of the
United States. We all know the
practical reason given for the pre-
vious, and to some extent still ex-
isting, discrimination. This is that
life on shipboard Is intimate and
that friction between white sailors
and Negro sailors might hurt disci-