davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-09-18
The Great Game Of Politics
Appointment Of Single Head for Rubber
Might Well Be Adopted in Other Units

Yet, that is the system which Is
in operation now in England, Can
ada, Russia and Germany. 1t is the
only system by which the resources
of a nation can be effectively mobi-
llzed for war. 1t is the only system
that makes sense.
In the last war there were half a
dozen major dministrators-fo
war Industries, for fuel for food. for
transportation, for ships. But there
were under these major administra-
tors many minor administrators
for oil, for coal. for steel, for grain,
for sugar. for labor, etc. In everv
country, including our own, boards.
committees and commissions proved
a failure, except when their func-
ton was advisory under an admin
istrator.
Last time every administrator had
control of personnel, with power to
hire and fire, the result being that
the organization never reached
absurdly swollen and unmanageable
proportions. This is exactly what
the Baruch Committees rubber ad-
mlnistrator recommendation pro-
posed-a minor administrator with
complete power, under a major ad-
ministrator.
Experience Proved System.
What is terribly needed in Wash
ington is a redistribution and con-
solidation of functions under major
administrators, who would form. as
they did last time, a National War
Council, to sit daily with the Presi-
dent and cooperate with each other
instead OF conflicting.
Experience has proved that this
system, which President Wilson did
not adopt until 1917, was effective.
Experience has proved that the sys-
tenn under which we are now oper-
ating-if it can be called a system
Is wasteful and Intellectual.
1t is certain that several times the
President has been upon the brink
OF adopting the tested system of
major administrators, which has
been steadily urged upon him for
nearly two years.
One thing that has stopped him
has been the opposition of some of
his New Deal aides who argued
that teis would let businessmen run
the war. Another thing was that
it would involve the elimination of
considerable number of existing
agencies and the removal from the
pay roll Of a large number of men
and women who now have Jobs
here. But, no more healthful thing
than that possibly could happen.
That would help tremendously even
If he did not revise his system.
Not even a good system could
function well so heavily over
manned. A reduction in personnel
is a basic requirement..
tcopyrisht, 1s42)
Evening star., 1942-09-18


The most trenchant of the Ba-
ruch recommendations was that all
rubber matters be taken out of the
hands of the four or five agencies
that have been dealing with it and
put under one rubber administrator
with complete authority. That has
now been done and in William M
Jeffers there is reason to believe
a first-class man has been named
But even if he we're a second -class
man the mere fact that single
head administrator for the job had
been created would be big i'm
provement.
That recommendation wen I
straight to the heart of the trou-
BILE here. 1t insists upon the prin-
ciple of the single-head admins
tration system, which worked in the
last war, and indicts the system
OF scattering authority in commits
sions and boards which the Presi-
dent has tried to make work in this
war-but which does not work.
Delayed Action on, WPB.
1t took nearly 1S months to get
Mr.. Roosevelt to name single head
for the War Production Board. But,
having finally approved this sound,
tested and obviously common sense
principle in the appointment of
Donald Nelson, the President avoid
ed the logical following steps. The
result is divided authority, dupli-
cation, conflict and confusion.
The silly rubber setup which the
Baruch report scrapped was just
one instance. There are numerous
others. For example, the produc-
tion of food and raw materials for
clothing is under the Agriculture
Department. That department
makes farm prices and buys some
Government supplies, while retail
prices, distribution and rationing
OF food are under the OPA. Some
Governmental food purchases are
separately under the Army and
Navy.
OH control is dealt with by the
Interior Department, the OpA
WPB, Army, Navy and seven other
agencies. Four different and in
dependent agencies deal with met
ais, but prices of metals and prior
tiles are outside the field of the
commodity directors.
Allies Uses Singie Head System.
Three or four agencies deal with
internal transportation. Three or
four deal with labor administration
All the way through, the principle
OF the single head administrator is
avoided and the system which was
evolved out Of the last war, not only
here but in every other belligerent
nation, ignored.
Evening star., 1942-09-18

various problems of naval war
fare from the practical point of
view as well as the theoretical.
Rear Admiral John S. Mccain,
who succeeds Admiral Towers as
chief of the Bureau of Aeronau-
tics, is fresh from the thick of
battle. He has distinguished him.
self recently in the active zone
OF operations in the Pacific and
1t is assumed that he was in COM
mand of the feet air force under
Vice Admiral Robert l.. Ghorm-
ley.
Admiral Mccain is said to have
been exceptionally successful in
cooperating with the Army Air
Forces while at his former post.
Thus his appointment has been
received happily by both Army
and Navy officers, who have been
somewhat disturbed by the occa-
sional lack of understanding be-
tween the two aviation services.
Closer Understanding Sought.
The transfer of Admiral Nc
Cain from the combat zone to
Washington at this time is re-
garded as a clear indication that
Admiral King wants not only po-
sitions of authority held by men
who have delivered" in the field
but also that he wishes to achieve
far closer understanding between
the Army and Navy.
Gen. George C. Marshall, Army
chief of staff, and Admiral King
have talked the same language
ever since they began to work to-
gether. While there have been
frequent stories about lack of
friendly CO operation between
the Army and Navy-the serv-
ice heads in washington have
Evening star., 1942-09-18
HoIsieins From BeIfsviIIe
| And D. T.. Set Records

Two registered Holstein cows, one
owned by the United States Sol
diers' Home Dairy in Washington
and the other from the United
States Dairy Division at Beltsville,
Nd, have made production records
in the amount of milk yielded.
The Soldiers Home COW, named
Annie Tehee Piebe Inka, produced
22,717 pounds of milk containing ITO
pounds Of butterfat. This places
her In the upper brackets Of pro-
duction for dairy cows in the Nation,
according to the Holstein- -Friesian
Association of America. Her record
was made under the supervision of
the Association and the Extension
Service at the University of Mary
land.
The Beltsville COW, whose Official
name is Lady Burke Gerben Colan
Sarcastic A, who was MIXED three
times a day like the Soldiers Rome
COW, produced 1920 pounds of milk
and ITO pounds of butterfat which
is four and one-half times the pro-
duction of the average dairy COW
in the country. according to the
Association. The testing OF this
COW was also done under the super
vision of the University of Mary
land and the Holstein- -Friesian AS.
ISOLATION.
Evening star., 1942-09-18
Battlefield Best School.

preted as move to do away with
that defect in our operations.
Admiral Towers, who is now on
the West Coast ready to assume
command of the Pacific fleets
aviation, will have principally
shore duty. Under him will be
rear admirals In command at sea.
He and Admiral Chester w.
Nimitz, commander in chief of
the Pacific fleet, will discuss
strategic problems of aviation
together and it is assumed that
Admiral Nimitz will make deci-
sions regarding use of naval
aviation after full consultation
with Admiral Towers.
While rated as a good offlcer,
Admiral Towers has seen active
service in only World War 1-25
years ago. He is regarded as a
good executive, but his qualities
could not be developed fully while
he lacked personal contact with
the role aviation is playing in the
Pacific war.
Evening star., 1942-09-18
By CONSTANTINE BROWN

Complete revamping of the in
ternal organization of the Navy
Department Is expected to follow
promotion of Rear Admiral John
Towers to vice admiral and his
assignment to the Pacific as air
forces commander.
Admiral Ernest j. King, COM
mander in chief of the United
States Fleet, intends to bring
back to Washington to head the
various bureaus officers who are
familiar with modern warfare
and have seen it first hand. He
wants only officers who have seen
active service in the last few
months so they can approach the
Evening star., 1942-09-18

UIy Is SIlOIG Vi DOf0thy Ih0mps0h.
manpower. The war is forcing
us to give up many old preju-
dices, among them the one that
this country is overpopulated
Our enemies are able to draw
upon enormous reserves of work
ers-Hitler in the conquered
countries Inhabited by 100000
900, plus Germany and Italy
which together are another 120,-
100000.
And Hitler has made the most
of it. He has transferred g.
100000 foreign workers to Ger
many alone, as well as using the
workers in the industries of the
countries where they dwell.
Our own population is about
132,000,000, and of these only
54,000,00o are normally classified
as working or wanting to work.
There are only 100000 persons
between the ages Of Is and IS,
male and female. Probably the
total of those over l6, who could
be put to whole or part-time
work, is not more than 65,ooo,-
600. Out of these also must be
drawn an Army of from 10,000,-
900 to 100000.
Others Withdrawn.
Out of productive work also
must be drawn Federal and State
and other officials. We learn
that ! in 40 of our normally
employable persons is already on
the Federal payroll. This bu-
reaucracy is too big. 1t is greatly
to be hoped that Mr.. McNutt will
reduce it drastically.
The question remains whether
the creation of new cadres of
labor can be done from above by
DEGREES and by new bureau
cratic organization ordering
everyone what he has to do and
where he has to go, or whether
We, the people, have creative
power in ourselves, assisted by
the Government but relatively
free of bureaucracy, by which we
can meet the problem.
The use of manpower is not
merely a matter of quantity but
OF quality-of putting the right
person in the right place. There
is no instance, Government or
otherwise, that can decide that
as well as the individual person,
who knows his talents and the
circumstances necessary to his
efficiency.
The greatest unexhausted re-
serves Of labor are among youth
and women. BY youth, I mean
those Of military age, the
majority Of whom are in school.
They cannot be taken out Of
Evening star., 1942-09-18

give us a gold
watch for con-
tinuous service.
At q simple
ceremony, in the
back of 4 two
ton van, we will
be honored as
t h e c o u p ] e
which can't stay
put. The driv-
ers' chorus will
sing. Where do
they go from
here, boys, where
do thew 90 from
Evening star., 1942-09-18
Air Forces Bond to PIuy
At AIl-Sturs' Come

The offlcial Army Air Forces
Band, stationed at Boiling Field,
under the direction of LIST 1t. All
Heiberd, left this morning for Syra-
cuse, N. Y, where it will play at
the football game tomorrow between
the Western Army All-Stars and
the New York Giants.
Expenses of the bands trip are
being deferred by the Syracuse
Chamber of Commerce, 1t was an
nounced.
The band has Just returned to
Boiling Field from Chicago, where
1t has played for the past two weeks
with the Army War Show.
Evening star., 1942-09-18


here?"
The packers will shower us with
excelsior and torn newspapers. The
superintendent of the building we
are leaving will throw an old win
dow cleaners bill at us. The ten
ants will wave joyously from the
windows, especially the tenants who
lived below and above us.
The old sofa, which has made at
least "a trips with us, will heave a
deep sigh and speak reassuringly
to the new china that Is making its
first trip.
The old books, veterans of many
moving, will comfort the new
editions, and the dining room rug,
which has been with us almost
since we said, II do" will mother
the scatter rugs and tell them not
to worry.
Why do we move each October I?
We have often asked that of one
another. There is no Romany In
our blood. But we always 20.
From four walls we 60 to an
other four walls. From a fireplace
that won't draw and smokes we
go to another fireplace that won't
draw and smokes.
From a superintendent who an
swers all complaints with an "Oh,
yeah!" we go to another super
intendent who answers all COM
plants with an "Oh, yeah!"
1t wouldn't be so bad If we didn't
give moving thought until Oc-
tober l. But, in spirit, we start
moving early in September.
For almost month all our ac-
tions are guided by the fact that
we are to move on October /.
There is the matter of food. We
buy almost no new food for almost
a month. We are determined to
eat up what We have on the shelves,
so that we won't have to move 1t to
the new place.
So, day after day, we live on
emergency rations that we had put
in stock for sudden guests.
We eat chilli con carne. We eat
canned lobster tails. We eat all
sorts of quick meals out of glass
and tin. We don't dare buy any,
thing lest we have something left
over. Toward the end OF September
we get almost frantic In our deter
mination to eat every bit OF bread,
every old potato, every darned
onion, every drop OF butter in the
place.
4
Our last meal in the place we
are leaving is always a gourmet's
nightmare. Nothing is saved. Moth
ing is spared. Everything is put on
the table. A handful of watercress.
A bit of sour cream An old frag-
ment Of meat loaf. A remnant Of q
lamb chop. A slice or two OF rye
bread that should have Joined its
fathers long ago.
Even the pup, Cindy, must do her
share. She Is asked to eat things
that even dog shouldn't be asked
to eat. And, if she refuses, which
she always does, we wrap it up and
take 1t with us. so that she gets It
for her next meal.
The last three days spent in the
place we are leaving is spent In
constant discussion OF how much to
leave in tips. 1t is not until you
leave an apartment that you realize
how many persons have served you
in one way or another. The assis-
tant to the back elevator man, whom
you have never seen, turns out to
be the one who has served you the
m IT. And, his daughter turns out
to be the one you are indebted to
for turning out your lights during
the last blackout.
We solve it this way:
First, we shake the hands of all
the attendants. We try to give the
impression that they are our pals,
first, last, and always.
Then, just as we leave them, we
thrust sealed envelope In their
hands, and run.
distributed by McNaught Syndicate, Incl
Evening star., 1942-09-18
Essential, Untopped Labor Resources Springs
From People in SchooI-to-Furm Movement

SChOoi, Dut they 60 to school for
eight to nine months, and the
rest of the time are free to enjoy
themselves. Can they be used,
and where?
A Place for Youth.
Yes, and In way that will
promote their health, strengthen
their characters, add very much
to their knowledge, and integrate
them deeper into the Nation.
Useful work can be part of
their education, furnishing a
complement to their book learn
ing and an antidote to their
largely urban life They can be
used for seasonal labor on farms.
Their school year can be
shortened and adjusted to make
it possible for them to work from
sowing to harvest in those parts
of the country where there are
clear seasons The training of
their brains will not lose by this,
provided they are integrated in
farm life with its manifold skills.
The brain is developed indi-
rectly through the hands and the
body, as we'll as through direct
mental exercise, and the greatest
test of intelligence is its capacity
to adapt itself to new situations
and differing circumstances. The
challenge of new environments
has, historically, brought out the
greatest physical and intellectual
qualities in persons and races.
Proved in Experiment.
Schoolboys over 16 and school,
girls over 18 can be turned with
extreme rapidity into adequate
and very useful agricultural
workers, and enjoy themselves in
that work This was proved this
summer on small but represen-
tative scale by the Volunteer
Land Corps, which made a labo-
ratory test OF 900 in the state of
Vermont. Almost without excep-
ton they were city youths, whose
average age was about II. They
were recruited fairly hit or miss,
with probably too little attention
paid to their physical and moral
qualifications.
Yet 80 per cent of them were
retained by their farmers on
wages, the simplest test of
whether they performed the work
they were expected to do.
But this never would have been
possible If 1t had been bureau
cratically organized as a mere
labor exchange matter. 1t was
organized as a patriotic pioneer
ing movement; it was super
vised by its own county field
agents; it was supported by such
institutions as the Grange and
the Extension Service, as we'll as
by bodies of farmers and local
community leaders; it continu-
ally invoked the spirit and the
mind as we'll as the body; it
created a press for the exchange
OF mutual experiences; it dis
covered poets among It's men,
bers and used them-without
taking them of from pitching
hay.
Not Regimented.
And so, small as 1t is, 1t is al
ready a vivid part Of the Nation,
and a self-creative part instead
of dead mechanism.
What we need is not first to
atomize the Nation and then reg
iment it, but to sink deep into
the springs of it's creative power
and release it into the channels
where it will fertilize our great
land.
1t is probable that in an emer-
gency this country must be or
ganized from above. But it must
be organized simultaneously from
below by the people themselves,
otherwise nothing will come to
fruition.
tReleased by The Bell Syndicate, Inc)
Evening star., 1942-09-18
Annual Bar Dinner
To Fete Circuit JUDGES

The relation of the judicial sys-
tenn to the war effort will be the
theme of the annual fall dinner of
the Federal Bar Association Tues
day, September 20, at the May
flower Hotel when the IL senior
Circuit Court judges will be honor
guests. The judges will be here
for their annual judicial confer
ence.
Reservations for the dinner are
now being received by a ticket COM
mittee headed by David r. White.
It is expected that the affair win
be attended by distinguished repre-
sentatives Of the three branches OF
the Government. The dinner will
be preceded by q reception for the
honor guests.
Evening star., 1942-09-18

t n r o u G h a r
power but it will
be noted that a
submarine sank
t he Yorktown,
our latest loss in
aircraft carriers.
In the Atlantic,
the Nazis have
succ e e d e d in
sinking an enor-
nous amount OF
shipping a n d
s o m e valuable
cargoes, includ-
k,,
Evening star., 1942-09-18
Larger Fleet
.OfU. S. Subs
Is Suggested
Public Interest and
Speedier Production
Are Recommended
BY DAVID LAWRENCE.

Americans invented both the air.
plane and the submarine but the
Germans thus far have made most
effective use of both weapons.
Much is being said about victory
Evening star., 1942-09-18

the nope that
ultimately h e
may be pre-
vailed upon to
revise the whole
W ar organiza-
ton here along
similar lines.
The need is
very great. 1t
is the way to
lessen the ap-
palling bewild-
ernent and in
competency. 1t
Is the way to
Evening star., 1942-09-18

talking IN ranks rule during dis
mounted drill.
Pvts. Mikkom and Wong are Chi
nese. Pvt. Mikkom neither speaks
nor understands English. So Wong
stands next to Mikkom and trans
lates all the orders for him.
Evening star., 1942-09-18

whom a new
executive or
der gives au-
thority over
100000 Fed
eral employees
we must not
lose sight Of
the fact that
t h e b a S | c
problem is to
create totally
new cadreS of
workers.
This coun-
Evening star., 1942-09-18
This Changing World
Revompine Of Navy Department Heods
Expected to Bring Officers Here From Field

had the most cordial rela-
tions from the moment Admiral
King was transferred from COM
mand OF the Atlantic fleet to be
commander of the United States
Fleet.
There has, however, been fire.
quent friction between ranking
subordinates in the Army and
Navy due to the fact that West
Point didn't talk Annapolis Ian
guage. These frictions, which sell
dom were aired in public, led
some members of Congress to
suggest that the first class men
in both military institutions
should be given a chance to work
together. While this, of course,
would not be practical under
present circumstances, greater
harmony between the ranking
officials of the Army and Navy
has been ordered and already a
number of heads have fallen be-
cause cooperation has not been
100 per cent.
Battlefield Best School.
The best school of cooperation
is, of course the battlefield
There commanders come to real
lie how interdependent the serv-
ices are and personal feelings and
prejudices disappear. The inten-
ton of Admiral King to bring
back to Washington men who
have been sharing the dangers of
war alongside the Army is inter-
Evening star., 1942-09-18
BY FRANK r. KENT.

The acceptance by the President
Of the Baruch rubber report and
his prompt move to put its recon-
mendations into effect encourage
Evening star., 1942-09-18

THE opinions OF the rters this page their not
necessarily The Stars Such opinions presented
Stars effort to gue all sides OF questions OF interest
readers although such opinions
themselves and directly opposed to The Stars
Evening star., 1942-09-18
On the Record
BY DOROTHY THOMPSON.

While we are discussing the
placing Of workers in the most
effective places-the problem
concerning Paul v. McNutt, to
Evening star., 1942-09-18
CottIe Thieves Sought

Livestock men Of Chile have start
ed campaign against the wholesale
stealing of cattle which has been
serious problem for many years.
Evening star., 1942-09-18
Mclennore
Confused Thoughts
On Moving Again
BY HENRY McLEMoRE

We are moving again on oc-
tober /.
This is newsworthy only because
the moving companies are going to
Evening star., 1942-09-18
Chinese in u. S. Army
Have to ToIk in Ranks

b tire Associated Press
FORT BRAGG, N. C.-Two priv1
ates at the Field Artillery Replace
ment Center here break the mo
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1942-07-23
Girls Win
18th Game
Handily

After having three successive
games rained out, the Fisher
Towers girls finally reached the
playing stage with a scheduled
clash last night. and promptly
handed the invading Carlton In
dams team a 12-4 defeat, as was
expected.
Host to their Blue Water
League rival on the Shadyside
diamond, the local girls spotted
their opponents 10 lead and
then turned on the heat in the
third to start off on their 10Th
straight victory, of he season.
Mary Marvin's homer in the
first gave the visitors their mar
gin but in the third six singles
and four errors led to eight runs
for Manager Bill LaCroix's
team. Three errors and a pair of
hits led to four runs In the sixth.
Neither Doris Krause, Towers
hurler, nor the two Indian pitch
ers allowed walk-the most
unusual feature of the game.
Shortstop Jerry Quandt, out
fielder Irene Osiwala and CATCH
er Keitha Campbell all had a
two for three mark at the plate
with Irene getting the only ex-
tra-base hit. a double. for the
Towers team. The girls play at
Algonac tonight in a loop en-
gagement.
Indians 100 OO2 l. 4 -
Fisher Tow. COS O04 x-12 4 7
Batteries: FIT Krause and
Campbell. Indians-Ahles, Mil
Ter and Berry.