davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-01-12

the Supreme Court to violate the
slavery amendment to the Constitu-
ton. He added that it was argued
in this instance, just as it had been
in the Alabama case, that the pur-
pose of the law lis nothing more
than the punishment of a species Of
fraud-namely, the obtaining of
money by promise to perform serv-
ices with intent never to perform
them"
Actually, however, the court con-
tinued the Georgia statute "em-
bodies q substantive prohibition
which squarely contravenes" the
slavery amendment and the Federal
anti-peonage law.
Its effect, the court said, "is to
authorize the jury to convict upon
proof that an agreement has been
reached, that money has been ad-
vanced on the strength Of it. that
the money has not been returned,
that the appellant (defendant has
failed or refused to perform the
services without good and sufncient
cause and nothing more. The neces-
sary consequence is that one who
has received an advance on con-
tract for services which he is unable
to repay is bound by the threat of
penal sanction to remain at his en-
ployment until the debt has been
discharged. Such coerced labor is
peonage."
In taking the unusual step of con-
testing a State law, the Federal
Government charged that it was a
violation Of civil liberties.
The defendant Taylor had denied
that he had contracted with his
landlord for the carpentering work
for which the $3.50 reputedly was
advanced.
The Supreme Court also ruled that
money paid a country club from
1881 to 1885 for golf and tennis
privileges, in addition to annual
dues. was subject to a Federal tax
as dues or membership fees"
Justice Jackson delivered the 8-to-0
decision, specifically involving the
Winchester CMass) Country Club
and the Merton Pa) Cricket Club.
Justice Roberts did not participate.
Evening star., 1942-01-12
Victory Book Drive
Is Boosted by 100
Volumes From Star
Army Lieutenant Gives
Thirty More to Lift Spirits
Of Men in Service

AZ dozens Of persons walked into
neighborhood libraries today with
books for service men under their
arms, and 10000 school children
were asked to contribute, The Star
became the first business organiza-
ton to enter the Victory Book Cam
paign when 1t opened this morning.
A load of 100 books was turned
over by The Star to Miss Clara w.
Herbert, librarian of the District
Public Library. Between now and
February any citizen can give
books to the soldiers, sailors or Ma
rines by mailing each one on 3 cents
postage, or carrying them to the
main public library at Eighth and
K streets NV, the IL branch Ii
braries or the George Washington
University Library.
More than 80 books were received
today from an Army lieutenant, who
told Mrs. Philip Sidney Smith, Dis
trict campaign chairman, that he
had had many opportunities to OBJ
serve the need for books among the
cOAuACAo. Ats OoSA -. OI4IloOii, u dllo.
ferred from the War Department
here to Fort Devens. Mass, sent
the books from his apartment at
1888 New Hampshire avenue NV.
with the hope that they raise the
spirits Of some Of the Nations de-
tenders somewhere.
The plea for District school chill
dren to contribute books was made
by teachers at the request Of Super
intendent Frank w. Ballou. Usually
District school children are asked
only to contribute to the Red Cross,
but the merit of the Nation wide
drive for 10000 900 books for service
men Influenced the break In routine.
Gov. O'Conor Of Maryland entered
the campaign yesterday with . re-
quest that all Marylanders assist
in the campaign started by the
American Red Cross, American Ii
brary Association and the United
Service Organizations.
Give q book for freedom" was the
slogan given the Maryland cam
paign by Mauritz Hallgren, State
manager.
Evening star., 1942-01-12
Food Production Needed More
Than Price Curb, Wickord Says
Defends Senute Plan
To Give Him Control
Of fMcrket Costs
BY the Associa ed Press.

BY the Associated Press.
Declaring the war was placing
new, unexpected and as yet un-
measurable demands on this coun-
try for foot. Secretary of Agricul-
ture Wickart today cautioned Amer
leans agains. being excessively con-
cerned aboct prices and too COM
placent aboit supplies.
He voiced this warning In an in
terview ex,laining why he had
asked Consress to vest in him.
rather than In separate price ad-
ministrator, the power to set CELL
ings on farm products. The Senate
in effect gaze him that power in a
price contrti bill passed Saturday,
despite reolest of President Roose-
welt that al. price control be vested
in a singl. administrator. Con-
gressional alton on the legislation
has not beel completed, however.
Emphasizing that he did not wish
to alarm consumers. Secretary
Wickard sal they should neverthe-
less recognize now that events since
Pearl Harbor had greatly altered
the food Stuation. Before Japan
struck, demands we're limited mostly
to this country and Great Britain.
Supplies aid production prospects
appeared apple then.
, But today no one can tell" the
Secretary sid, what the demands
upon US may be before the war is
won. We nay be called upon to
furnish vas, supplies to Allied fight
ing forces md peoples all over the
world. We may want to send huge
quantities q food as well as NUM-
tions to tn, conquered peoples at
the proper fime so that they might
help defeat the dictators.
I'm view of this prospect, am
concerned" Secretary Wickard said,
that the American people are more
concerned about prices than the
possibility hat, in the future, de-
mands might outstrip supplies"
Agriculture, he said, faces a pro-
duction job comparable in size to
that of the munitions makers. New
food production goals to be an
nounced socn will surpass anything
ever attemrted in this country, he
said. The responsibility for the
success or flilure of this production
program, h. added, is his and his
departments. Consequently, he said
he believe6 all governmental con-
trolls affe ting farm production
should be centered in the agency
responsible for production.
Price Affects Production.
BY comparison, it would be H.
logical, he said. to place RESPONSE
bility for acquiring airplanes in one
agency ane the power to determine
the price IL another.
Price," the Secretary said, "is
vital factor in all production
Price cont, oil. If rightly. used, can
help get ABUNDANT production. If
unwisely u.ed it might hinder pro-
duction. n this period Of emer-
gency we heed those prices which
will secure the maximum produc-
tion Of the necessary foods and the
minimum production of the un-
necessary cnes."
After ell" he said, "the best
protection he consumer has against
skyrocketifg prices and rationing is
abundant supplies and not price de-
crees. Ne5 all the authority in
Germany md Italy has been able
Evening star., 1942-01-12
Appeal Made to Public
Not to Hoard Food

BALTIMORE, Jan. IL R.-Food
wholesalers, retailers, and brokers
yesterday appealed to the Maryland
public not to hoard groceries,"
They declared supplies were am
pie, and in most cases above normal
levels, and warned that boarding
would lead to speculation and price
increases.
Harry E. Cook. president Of the
Maryland Food Brokers Association,
declared, Il don't think anyone
should buy beyond their normal re-
quirements. An artificial demand
on food stores would make it DOS
sible for spectators to increase
prices.
From the retail and wholesale
grocers' point of view, grocers' sup
plies are quite ample to meet any
normal demand for months to
come"
Evening star., 1942-01-12
Talk Of 25-Cent Cotton
Heard as Price Bill
Goes 10 Conierees
Joint Committee Sturts
Work on Revision Of
Control Legislation
~ the Associated Press.

~ the Associated Press.
There was talk at the Capitol
today Of ascent cotton-music In
many q SoutherAer's ear-as Senate
and House conferees prepared to
rewrite the administration's battered
price control bill.
Meanwhile, President Roosevelt
conferred on the bill with Vice
President Wallace, Speaker Ray.
burn, Senate Majority Leader Bark.
ley and House Majority Leader Mac
Cormack. No announcement Of de-
velopments was made at the close
Of the conference.
The measure was approved Satur-
day by the Senate, SO to l. Senator
Nye, Republican, of North Dakota,
the dissenter. opposed 1t because
1t contained no wage controls. The
House previously had passed the
measure In much different form.
Senator Brown, Democrat, Of
Michigan, chairman Of the Senate
conferees and opponent Of most Of
the amendments forced into the
bill by an adamant farm bloc, said
that as the measure now stood 1t
probably would permit cotton to go
to % cents a pound before any price
controls could be instituted. Cotton
now Is about 18 cents pound.
Some Backers Dissatisfied.
But some members of the farm
bloc said they thought cotton might
reach Is cents q pound, If all Of
tn amendments were retained.
Even some Senate members who
voted for the bill expressed dissatis-
faction with it. Senator Vanden-
berg, Republican, Of MICHIGAN cast
an AYE" vote and then turned to q
colleague to remark in 4 voice
audible in the galleries:
But I don't like it."
Senator Brown estimated that the
Senate version Of the bill would per-
nit food price increases Of Is per
cent above present levels, largely
because Of an amendment by Sen
ator OMahoney. Democrat, of
WyO1uIlS, pIOVlOulS IOf upward re-
visions Of farm parity" figures on
the basis Of rises in industrial wages
Senator OMahoney disputed Sen
ator Browns contention.
Parity Defined.
Parity is price for a farm COM
modify which would give 1t the same
buying power 1t had In a basic
period. usually 19O9-1915. The House
as well as the Senate provided that
the proposed price administrator
could not place ceilings on agricul-
tural products until they had
reached ITO per cent of parity.
Senator Brown figured that the
OMahoney amendment would make
it necessary for products to reach
121 per cent Of present party levels
before price controls would operate
In dispute also was a provision
inserted by the Senate farm bloc
over President Roosevelt's written
objection, requiring approval by the
Secretary Of Agriculture for any
proposed ceiling on the price Of q
basic farm commodity.
Evening star., 1942-01-12

one battleship, six cruisers, two
destroyers, eight transports and
10 smaller vessels.
Later our planes attacked an
enemy cruiser and two large
transports in the Celebes Sea,
with undetermined results.
There Is nothing to report
from other areas"
The tert Of Napy Conn1unique No
~, issued yesterday and based on
reports received until noon, touo1Ds
Central Pacific:
"The naval station ut Tituila,
Samoan Islands, was shelled
shortly after midnight Sunday.
January II, Samoan time, by .
small enemy vessel. Fourteen
shells of light caliber landed in
the naval station area. The only
casualties were three slight in
juries to personnel. There was no
material damage to the naval
station itself.
There Is nothing to report
from other areas"
Evening star., 1942-01-12
Troop-Loden Transport
Sunk, British Claim

LONDON, Jan. II (P.-The Ad-
miralty announced yesterday that
its submarines had sunk a large
Axis transport, laden with troops"
and probably destroyed a supply
vessel in the Ionian Sea.
The ships may have been headed
for Libya from that arm OF the
Mediterranean between Italy and
Greece, although the position of the
attacks was not otherwise specified.
Evening star., 1942-01-12
Communiques
Heavy Bottle Roges
In Philippines

The tert of the War Department
con,muniQue No. SIS, outlining tn
military situation as of $50 am. to-
day, tolloDs:
/. The Philippine theater: A
heavy artillery battle is in prog
ress along the entire front.
Ground activity is increasing as
fresh Japanese troops move into
front line positions. Enemy air
attacks are being renewed on de-
fensive installations and fortif1-
cations.
Gen. Macarthur reports that
japanese troops occupying Ma
nila are attempting to suppress
the use Of radio receiving sets by
civilians. This apparently is de-
signed to prevent the reception of
broadcasts from the United States
and England, even though the
action also prevents reception
of propaganda broadcasts from
Toxic.
2. There is nothing to report
from other areas.
The tert of War Department Com
nunique No. 81, outlining the mill
tdry situation as OF I pm. yesterday
tollo,Ds:
Il. Philippine theater:
Heavily reinforced Japanese
troops attacked the right flank of
Gen. MacArthur's line northwest
of Manila with tremendous force.
American and Philippine soldiers
defending previously prepared
positions repulsed the attack
with heavy enemy losses. Our
casualties were relatively small.
Hostile aircraft resumed bom-
bardment of Notifications OF Ma
nila Bay and defense positions
In that vicinity after several
days Of inactivity. The bombing
attack was relatively light and
did no serious damage.
"A formation Of heavy Ameri-
can Army bombers again at
tackled q japanese naval con-
centration OH Davao. on the
Island of Mindanao. Despite
poor visibility one direct hit was
scored on an enemy battleship in
Malalg Bay in Davao Gulf, set
ting the vessel afire. A hit was
also made on an anti-aircraft
battery on shore. All of the
American planes returned un-
damaged to their base.
"Ihe enemy fleet In and near
the Gulf Of Davao consisted of
Evening star., 1942-01-12
British Continuing
To Press Retreatinq
Axis Force in Libya
'Enemy's Corps Reported
Running Short Of Fuel;
Supply Columns Roided
HS the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
CAIRO, Egypt, Jan. 12.-With
tho Axis African corps reported run
ming short of fuel, the British Near
East command declared today it was
maintaining its pressure on the re-
treating Germans and Italians IN
the Ell Agheila area despite bad
weather.
The British said their planes 'in
particular carried out most effective
attacks on enemy supply columns
and motor transport"
In the Halfaya-Salum area on the
Egyptian-Libyan frontier. where an
isolated Axis garrison Is defying
British attacks, the British said
their troops captured about 100 Ger
man and italian prisoners yesterday.
They added the operations against
that outpost were proceeding meth
odically."
Rommel Retreats Slowly.
The North African army Of Gen
Erwin Rommel was falling back
slowly from Agedabia with British
mobile forces lashing at Its stub
bornly resisting rear guard, it was
reported.
British military quarters said an
order found on a German prisoner
one of $4,000 Axis troops reported
captured thus far in the Libyan
campaign-disclosed that Gen.
Rommel's men had been directed to
conserve fuel because of the diff
Guilty Of replenishing their dwindling
supplies.
Owing to the great expenditure
OF fuel on the eastern front the
fuel situation of the Reich Is ex-
tremely stringent" the order said.
The British acknowledged yes
terday that operations against Gen.
Rommels forces, retreating from
Agedabia, had been hampered by
severe sand storms, but said they
were continuing to press their Of
fensive.
RommePS Base Raided.
Although the weather also inter-
fered with r. A. F. activities, one
squadron of Hurricanes was report
ed to have made a lightning attack
on Gen. Rommel's communication
lines and air basis, knocking out
nearly 400 transport vehicles and
destroying 13 aircraft.
On London, a British military
commentator, Maj. Gen. j. F. c.
Fuller, urged yesterday. in the
Sunday Pictorial, that the Brit
ish African offensive should be
continued on into French Tu-
niSia)
Gen. Georges Catroux announced,
meanwhile, that his Free French
forces had assembled a complete
motorized division in the western
desert and that 1t was ready to
take part in the British offensive.
Evening star., 1942-01-12
One Motorist Arrested,
Several Hurt in District

One man was booked on a reckless
driving charge and several persons
received minor injuries in traffic
accidents in Washington yesterday.
Mack Jarratt, "a. colored, of Alex
andria, was the motorist arrested,
In addition to the reckless driving
Evening star., 1942-01-12
Roosevelt Biography
Banned in Denmark
Nv the Axxoeiated presx

6y tEe ASbUCIHleu FIeSS.
STOCKHOLM, Jan. IA re-
cently-published biography of Presi-
dent Roosevelt by the Swedish
journalist, Alfred Oeste, was banned
yesterday in German-occupied
Denmark.
Oeste has been a correspondent
for the Baltimore Sunpapers and in
1882 received a journalistic award
from the Swedish-American Foun-
datinn
Evening star., 1942-01-12
Drys Urge Food Production

A temperance organization in
England claims that the land now
being used for growing hops for
brewers would grow 100000 tons Of
potatoes and 100000 bushels of
oats.
Evening star., 1942-01-12
Congress in Brief

TO-DAY.
Senate:
Routine business.
Judiciary Subcommittee considers
nominations and routine business.
House:
Routine business.
Evening star., 1942-01-12
Weother Report
Furnished BY

Furnished BY the leather Bureau
Dstrtc OF Columbia vny-Generaly and warmer onoht
With loves temperature in the mid
Evening star., 1942-01-12
Air Base Is Established
At Aqedobio by British

ROME, Jan. IL (Omcial Broad
cast) R.-The. Italian high COM
mand announced today that Axis
planes had heavily attacked an ad-
vanced British airdrome at Ageda-
bia, Libya, but declared that land
operations on the North African air
front were limited yesterday to pa
troll skirmishes.
Evening star., 1942-01-12
Mrs. Roosevelt
Continued From First Page.

(COnClQueO cTOiN FlISt fdscJ
conference last week that the Bud
get Bureau after canvassing the sit
uation, agreed that civilian defense
should be under civilian control. The
Bureau is still studying the mat
ter, she said. and added that she had
conferred with bureau officials Sat-
urday and would see them again this
afternoon.
Army Experience Limited.
"The real reason" she said. why
it is better to keep civilian defense
under civilian control Is because
civilian defense is not entirely an
Army question in which the Army
has any experience. If it was purely
a question of learning what you did
about fire bombs or what you do In
air raids, that would be one thing.
But it is not.
"The real defense is the prepara-
ton of the people to have confidence
in themselves, to feel security IN
their way of life and to have a high
morale. This comes not just from
the ability to meet, in a military
way, certain conditions.
1T comes from the knowledge that
daily conditions can be met, that
you have a say in meeting them and
that you have a part in the defense
of your community and your coun-
try. I don't believe that is func-
ton that can possibly be fulfilled by
the Army"
She also indicated that she be-
lieved the Army already has It's
hands full and pointed out that the
money spent by o. @. D.-whether
1t was controlled by the Secretary
of the War as the House would have
it, or by Mayor La Guardia, as the
Senate decreed in the original bill
would be for protective equipment
that the Army would have to ap-
prove in any case.
A Maximum in Effectiveness.
Asked to comment on longer hours
for Government workers, she said
that in Great Britain, the workers
at first volunteered to work longer
hours, but that the hours were
finally cut down when it was de-
cided the longer period reduced pro-
duction. She said there was always
a maximum point, beyond which
production would slacken. and said
that point would be found only II
management and labor get together
to discuss 1t.
She also told her press confer
ence that she had written to James
Petrillo, head of the Musicians
Union, to discuss the picket line OF
musicians outside New York
theater. Mrs. Roosevelt had tickets
for the show but did not go when
she noticed the picket line. She
said she had received letters from
the New York local Of the union
and from the theater management.
Her only comment was that 1t was
interesting how two groups could
look at the same thing IN different
ways.
Mrs. Roosevelt also remarked dur
ing the conference that she thought
women employees working late In
Government departments should get
police protection on their way home,
that she occasionally ran up against
censorship herself, that she had
written to suggest the use Of women
doctors by the Army and that on
the question of women volunteers
for the Army, she believed it should
be made possible to use women II
they were needed.
Evening star., 1942-01-12
US. Sends Reinforcements,
Australia Navy Chief Says
b. the Associated Press.

b. the Associated Press.
SYDNEY, Australia, Jan. IRE
Inducements from the United States
and Britain are on their way to the
Far East, Australian Navy Minister
j. M. Maxim announced yesterday
in a speech in which he foresaw Sc
curity for the Dominion against ANY
menace"
Mr.. Maxim did not specify whether
United States troops would be land
ed in Australia itself or used in
other Pacific Ocean war theaters
as q screen for Australia.
Evening star., 1942-01-12
Appeals for Singapore Aid.

NEW YORK, Jan. s12 R.-An
Australian broadcast quoted Sye-
ney Daily Telegraph editorial today
as issuing an urgent hurry call for
help for Singapore. warning that
disaster to the United Nations in
the Pacific may be the price of
delay.
Our men are withdrawing fast
and are crying out for aid," the
front-page editorial said.
If that help does not come soon
it may be too late. We may lose
Singapore"
c. B. S. heard the broadcast in
New York.
Evening star., 1942-01-12
Reprt for Last 4S Hours

RecNd for Last "A Heurs.
(From noCa yesterday to noon today)
Highest, 3, at 4:10 pm. yesterday. Year
ago. 4S.
Lowest, l.. at 7 am. today. Year aso,
Precipitation.
Monthly Precipitation in inches in the
Capital (cuf ent month to date):
Evening star., 1942-01-12
Record Teaperatures This Year.
Highest, So, on January 2.
Lowest, 6, on January IL.

Humidity for Last "a Asufs.
From noon yesterday to noon today
Highest, 81 per cent, at 7:3O an. today
Lowest. 40 per cent, at 1:30 pm. yes
weather In Various Cities.
Evening star., 1942-01-12

The announcement was the first
indication that the British had es-
tablished an airdrome at Agedabia,
which is more than 300 miles west
of the Egyptian frontier. 1t would
appear to indicate that Axis forces
had Withdrawn a considerable dis
tance from the town.
Evening star., 1942-01-12
Tide Tables.

Potomac aid Shenandoah Rivers clear at
Harper's Ferry; Potomac clear at Great
Falls today.
Evening star., 1942-01-12

TIE Sun and Moon
Imperial Valley press., 1942-03-15
Ere shmen Present
School Assembly

Freshmen at Central had their
turn on Friday, having charge OF
the assembly and putting various
seniors and juniors through their
PAGES.
The program was in The form of
a court scene with David Maupin
as the Judge. Bill Jim Sharp as
the bailiff and Walter Palmer and
Jerry Asher, Jr, as The prosecuting
attorneys, iary of II freshmen
hearing the charges.
Those called up for trial, and all
judged guilty were: Stanley Con
key, Frank Weakley, MiltCa Con-
sole. Jack Harris, Bill Rhodes.
Johnny Barron, while Lloyd Case.
was crowned by Betty Mae Duer,
fair queen, as the freshman with
whom il could be most desirable
TO be caught i'll blackout.
Connie Maggie and Calvin Furu-
kaWa played musical numbers pre-
cedlng the program.
Imperial Valley press., 1942-03-15
Pa s+or Be gins


In answer to many requests. the
Rev. Mr. Hayden S. Sears, pastor
of the Methodist church. will pre-
sent a course in Christian philos.
ophy to the adult class of the
Methodist church school, starting
this Sunday.
Under the general topic, Chris
tian Thought in a Modern World
he will deal with the various mod
ern PHILOSOPHERS as they contribute
to the understanding of the Chris
tan concept of the universe.
The class meets at 9:45 am. in
the main church auditorium and
is open to both men and women,