davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-04-29
Cunudu's S PIebiscite

On MONDAY the Canadian people
gave their answer to the question
formally put to them by the govern
ment headed by Prime Minister
Mackenzie King, which read: Are
you in favor OF releasing the gov
ernment from any obligation arising
out OF any past commitments re-
stricting the method of raising men
for military service?"
This unusual plebiscite can be
understood only in the light of Can
ada's domestic politics In the elec-
toral campaign OF two years ago, the
Liberal party pledged itself, if elected,
to send only volunteers for service
overseas. This pledge it has kept.
But the exigencies of war have rem
dered this strategic limitation in
creasingly irksome, and both govern
ment and people have felt that the
administration must be given a free
hand to deal with whatever military
situation might arise. Canadian
voters, as a whole have freed the
government from its pledge by a
margin of approximately two to one.
In the English-speaking provinces,
the affirmative vote went much
higher than that. But the French
speaking Province of Quebec voted
no by nearly three to one.
Thus history. in measure has
repeated itself. In the last wa1
Quebec bitterly opposed conscription,
and when it legally was imposed the
French-Canadian population resisted
the measure by methods ranging
from evasion to draft riots. The
issue was complicated by politics.
The Conservative party then in
power represented mainly the Eng
disappearing majority which was
intensely loyal to Britain and the
empire, then in deadly peril. The
French-speaking minority, with their
ardent but exclusively Canadian pa
triotism, saw in conscription an
attempt to force them to fight for
causes not their own. The resultant
bitterness complicated Canadian pol
itics for many years and undoubtedly
Influenced the recent vote in some
measure.
Fortunately, the issue Is not so
sharp as it was a generation ago. To
begin with, the Liberal party is now
in office, and large part Of its fol-
lowing is French speaking; so the
government has handled the issue
very tactfully, and most of its French
spokesmen were for the measure.
Then again, the plebiscite was held
technically, not on CONSUMPTION itself
but only on giving the government
the right to conscript men for over
seas duty. AS a matter of fact,
Canada already drafts men for home
service, and those men are trained
as intensively as those who volunteer
to go overseas. The volunteer system
has already produced ample man
power for foreign duty and it is
noteworthy that Quebec has fur
nished its numerical quota. 1t may
therefore be doubted whether, under
existing circumstances, the Liberal
government will be in any haste to
use the power which the plebiscite
has placed in its hands. Prime Min
lister King always has stressed the
necessity Of harmony between the
different elements of Canada's popu-
lation. Unless driven by stern neces-
sity, he is unlikely to risk revival of
the controversy which almost split
Canada in the last war.
Evening star., 1942-04-29
Discusses Housing Shortage
Arising From War Influx.

To the Editor Of The Star:
The war boom in Washington which is
responsible for bringing thousands OF
newcomers to town each week has re-
suited in an unprecedented demand for
housing facilities in this area.
However unsatisfactory the housing
situation has proven to some individuals,
the fact remains that newcomers to
Washington have been obtaining and
still are able to obtain living accommo-
dations which are far from being as bad
as some of the pictures which have been
painted.
Although their cost is high as COM
pared to similar accommodations in nom
defense sections of the country, they are
comparable in all respects and possibly
superior to living quarters which are
being offered in many other cities which
have had large influx of war workers
due to their proximity to industries or
plants operating on war orders.
No person could foresee the coming Of
events responsible for the difficult hous-
ing problem which exists in every war;
industry center Of this country We do
know now that proper authorities are
making q sincere effort to alleviate
crowded conditions and inflated rents.
Especially is this true in Washington.
Here, at the worst, people still can find
comfortable places to sleep. Many pub
lic-spirited homeowners are offering at
tractive rooms to Washington newcomers
that certainly cannot be considered un-
desirable according to any but Park
avenue standards. 1t is safe to say that
most Government employees were not
living in penthouses back home, but from
some of the complaints you might gather
that this was the case.
think that complaints concerning the
high cost of rentals are justified. Land
lords should be made to realize that it
is not in keeping with any conception of
real Americanism to take advantage of
the shortage to jack their prices.
Most OF the newly arrived Government
workers have such low salaries that they
really are up against hard problem in
making ends meet when they have to
spend one-quarter of their salary for
sleeping accommodations. 1t seems to
me that rents voluntarily should be low
cred to their pre-war level. This would
improve morale here in Washington 100
per cent. JERRY HIMMELFARB.
Evening star., 1942-04-29
Library in Action

The annual report of Archibald
MacLeish as librarian of Congress is
a document which, as its author
frankly says, is not likely to be "a
widely or willingly read book" Yet
it contains what probably is the best
available definition OF the greatest
photographic establishment in the
world, and for that reason, if for
none other, merits the thoughtful
attention of the general public.
When Mr.. MacLeish became
librarian in succession to Dr. Herbert
Putnam in the autumn of 1889, he
soon discovered "the diversity of the
Library's activities" What he found
is best related in his own words, as
follows: THE Library's magnificent
collections of books and manuscripts
and music and maps, its unequaled
concerts of chamber music, it's eff
cient legislative reference service, its
activities in the collection of folk
music, its service for the blind, its
Union Catalog, its photographic and
reference work -, it's photodupli-
cation facilities, its prints, its ex-
hibits, are not in sum total the
Library"
Something "at once different and
greater" than the sum of the Lii
brary's parts is the result Of their
assembly. The whole inclusive Or
ganization as DR.. Putnam left it at
the close Of forty years, Mr.. Mac
Leish declares. is IAN institution Of
learning unique among the learned
institutions of the world-a library
having the educational facilities and
the educational excitement of a great
university; university having the
timelessness and the enduring integ-
rity OF great and ancient collec-
tion Of famous books. No piecemeal
account of the units which compose
the Library of Congress can convey a
truthful impression of the great
department of government which
has for its end and aim the active
and useful possession. on behalf of
the people of the United States and
in their interest. of the record Of
their past and of the works of in
tellect and art out of which their
future may be created"
To illustrate the Library's objec-
tive. the librarian cites Thomas JET
ferson's familiar apothegm: "The
earth belongs always to the living
generation" but Mr.. MacLeish also
insists: "The same thing is true of
the past" and it is "the true task" Of
the administrative head of the
Library "to make the ownership bear
fruit" Especially now, in the tre-
mendous moment when the American
race rises to meet the vast fulfllment
OF its noblest destiny, the Library "in
living form ., in action-not
what it possesses only but what it
does with what it possesses" is
an asset vitality important and
significant.
Evening star., 1942-04-29

Q. What Is the derivation of the word
"chevron?"-B. z. E.
A. Chevron Is French word meaning
roof rafter." Hence, the peak at the
junction of the two arms Of the chevron
Is turned upward. 1t is customary for
the chevrons on United States Army
uniforms to have the peaks upward.
@. Is there in existence an authentic
description of the person of Christi
A. N. j.
A. Historians and students of the
Bible are of the opinion that the So
called letter of Publius Lentulus, pro-
curator of Judaea, written to the Senate
OF Rome, Is not genuine and that there
exists no genuine description of the per-
son of Christ In this letter was given
the only description ever recorded of
Christ, and this was that "He was man
of stature, somewhat tall and comely,
with very reverend countenance, such
as the beholder must both love and fear.
His hair the color Of chestnut full
ripe, plain to the ears, whence, down.
ward, it Is more orient, curling and
: ..
8. Why are Irish girls called colleens?
E. F. F.
A. The word colleen" Is an Irish
dininutive for the noun girl"
@. Which President was appointed to
represent the United States abroad by
three other Presidents?-O. w. B.
A. John Quincy Adams was appointed
Minister to Portugal and later to Prussia
by Washington; Minister to Russia by
Madison, and Minister to England by
Monroe.
@. How old is the custom of INSTALL
ment buying?-G. D. B.
A. The system of purchasing on the
installment plan can be traced back to
antiquity. Crassus, contemporary Of
Julius Caesar, is said to have made a
fortune by building houses outside of
Rome and selling them on the INSTALL
ment plan. The present system Is known
to have existed a century ago 1t was
during the last two decades that tre-
mendous expansion in sales and indus
tries in installment buying occurred.
@. Which are considered to be the
outstanding sons Of Man O. War;
A. B. T.
A. Turf and Sport Digest says that
War Admiral and Clyde Van Dusen,
Kentucky Derby winners; Crusader, War
Relic, American Flag and Mars are
regarded as his best sons.
@. Are any diamonds mined In the
United States?-W. S. w.
A. Some diamonds are found In this
country, the largest mine being in Pike
County, Arkansas.
@. What is the present birth rate In
the United States?-O. B. L.
A. In 1910 the birth rate was 179
per 1000 population. According to pre-
liminary figures for 1941, the figure had
risen to l9 per 1000.
@. Who sued Gutenberg for breach Of
promise?--H. c. B.
A. Gutenberg became engaged to En-
nehn Eur Isernen Tur. member of a
patrician family of Strassburg, and it
was she who sued Gutenberg. He lost
the suit.
@. Why Is India ink so called?-P. B.
A. Because it reached Europe by way
OF India. 1t was invented in China.
Evening star., 1942-04-29

Home Law Book - Compiled
especially for the use of the lay
man, this booklet has just been
revised and includes up-to-date
changes in the naturalization
law, and State laws on the sub
jects covered. The 48 pages OF
text and tables cover the field OF
contracts, notes, interest, wills,
property, marriage and divorce,
copyright, patents, trade marks
and naturalization in such a
manner as to instruct the aver
age person. To secure your copy
of this publication inclose 10
cents in coin, wrapped IN this
clipping, and mail to The Star
Information Bureau.
Name
Address
Evening star., 1942-04-29
Letters to the Editor

Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address OF
the 1Criter, although the use of
pSeudonym for publication is
permissible. The Star reserves
the right to edit all letters tDtth
q pietO to condensation.
Evening star., 1942-04-29

The automatic postmaster" a
in-operated mailbox that stamps,
postmarks and mails letters, is now
being tried out in Chicago. Perfec-
ton will be achieved, however, only
when it can deliver votes for the
politicians who install it.
Evening star., 1942-04-29

japanese pincer movements in the
Orient seem to be slackening a bit.
This shows that the Island Empire
will not Nippon forever.
Evening star., 1942-04-29

The most unpopular ferry tale in
Germany is the story Of thousands of
American bombers shutting over to
England
Evening star., 1942-04-29

Shipment of asphalt and tar is to
be curtailed in order to ease war
traffic. 1t is more important to make
the way rough for the enemy than
smooth for the motorist.
Evening star., 1942-04-29

Most of us are too busy worrying
about raids on the bank account to
worry about any from airplanes.
Evening star., 1942-04-29
Huskin's Answers
To Questions
By Frederic J. HdSkin.

A reader can get the dnsiDer TO any
question OF fact by tOriting The wash
ington Star Information Bureau,
Frederic J. HGSkin, Director. Wash
inotor, d. c. Please inclose stamp
for reply.
Evening star., 1942-04-29

G. How many. countries are bounded
by the Mediterranean Seal N. G.
A. There are l9 countries bordering
the Mediterranean Sea and its extern
Sions.
Evening star., 1942-04-29
Expresses Appreciation
OF Registrars.

To the Editor Of The Star.
May I say q word OF thanks to the
educational personnel and others who
registered the senior group Monday7 I
think they did their work exceedingly
veil. 4 W.
Evening star., 1942-04-29

=, The Associated Press Is EXCLUSIVELY entitled to
the for republication of all news dispa tches
credited to 1t or not otherwise credited in this
paper and also the local news published herein.
All rights of publication of special dispatches
herein also are reserved
Evening star., 1942-04-29

@. Is it true that flies will not enter
a room that is painted blue?-L. l.. E.
A. The Bureau of Entomology SAYS
that dark shades OF blue are less attrac-
tive to flies than many other colors. II
room is painted some dull color the
flies are not as likely to enter 1t as II 1t
were painted some other color. How
ever. this does not mean that so painting
the walls will keep the flies out entirely.
@. How large an area do the Great
Lakes cover?-M. B. V.
A. The Great Lakes cover an area Of
almost $4,000 square miles and contain
one-half the fresh water on earth.
Evening star., 1942-04-29
Member Of the Associated Press.

Entered as second-class matter post once.
Washington, D. c.
Evening star., 1942-04-29

Q. What is the present birth rate In
the United States?-O. B. L.
A. In 1910 the birth rate was 17e
per 1000 population. According to pre-
liminary figures for 194l, the figure had
risen to 10 per 1000.
Evening star., 1942-04-29

O. Why are Irish girls called colleens?
E. F. F.
A. The word colleen" Is an Irish
diminutive for the noun girl"
Evening star., 1942-12-22

leaves his thils outside.
WMAl. 9:00-Fdmous Jur Trials: The movies
are involved In this one.
WJSV, 9;00-Bums and Allen: Oracle goes
10 dreamIand where she meets Akin TamIroff as
a bad, bold pirate.
WRt, 9:00-BatiIe Of Sexes: Complaint clerks
vs.. saIeseirls compete.
WMAl, 9:30-Spotlight Band Count Basie's,
from the Cape May Naval Base, n J.
VOL, 9:30-Murder Clinic: Dramatizafion
based on popular work Of detective fiction.
WEV, 10:00-An American in England: Nor
man Corwin's series closes down with clipper
Home"
WRc, 10:00-Bob Hope Show: Returning 10
home" In Hollywood after 4 wide tour Of
military camps.
WhAL, i0:i5-This Nation al War: Ora.
matzations and pitkups from scattered points
describing our war effort.
WkV, t0:30-WiIIiam |. Davis, chairman Of
Evening star., 1942-12-22

! the War Labor Board, addresses a labor dinner
Of the Russian War Relief: "0ur Allies, the
Russians.
WINK, 1i:t5-Treasury Star Parade: Amos
n AndYs transcription for the bond drive.
SH0RT. WAVE PROGRAMS.
MOSCOW, 9:00-comments in English: RKE,
tt.8 meg, 753 m.
SYDNEY, 9:25-Amsritan Soldiers Calling
Home West Coast broadcast, Pacific War Time):
WG3, tl7t meg, 25.5 m.; WQ5. 9.68 meg.
Al m.
GUATEMALA, 9:4O-Ethoes from Hollywood
IOWA, 9.68 meg, 81 m.
MELBOURNE, t0:25-Ameriean Soldiers Call.
ing Home: WG6. 1873 meg. 1876 m.
LONDON. ii:00-Rddio NewNeel Csc, 958
meg, 3l.3 m.; GSL, 6.ii meg. 49.t m.; Gre,
2.9t meg, t02 m.
GUATEMALA. ii:0OIPopuar Songs Hour
T6MA, 1858 meq, 81 m.
Evening star., 1942-12-22
MAMMA IS FOUND IN The BARK
NlAINlNA o. CERTAIN TREES.

looked upon this as q gift from
heaven, and when they ate it their
hunger was satisfied. Many times
on later days they found and ate
more mama.
Some scholars who have studied
the lands OF the Bible believe they
have identified" the mamma Of the
ancient Israelites. They say that
it probably was the same as Is found
In Sinai to this day.
The Sinai mamma comes from .
shrub, or small tree, known as the
''tamarisk. There are several kinds
Of to larisks. and they grow In warm,
sanoy places. Some parts OF GER
tain deserts have, almost no plant
life except tamarisk4
Evening star., 1942-12-22
Points for Parents
BY EDYTH THOMAS WALLACE

Threats aDhich make the re-
ceiuing OF gifts dependent upon
behavior accomplish nothing er-
cept the giving of such dubious
satisfaction as the threarener
may recetDe iron, the sound OF
his O1Dn Doice.
Evening star., 1942-12-22
EVENING STAR FEATURES.
Star Flashes Latest news. twice daily; WMAl
at $50 am. and 5 pm.
the EVENINGS Nigh IIeHry.

WEV. 6:t5-Edwin {. Hill Reads an an.
Client Roman letter further describing the Christ.
WBV, 7:30-Ameriean Melody Hour Vivian
della chiesa, Conrad Thibault and Evelyn Mac.
Grdgor with orchestra and chorus present ira.
ditionaI music Of Christmas.
WWDc, 8:05-Treasury Star Parade: Music
from opera 10 swing. transcribed
WJSV. 800-lights Out The Mirror" a
dramaiization which Arch 0boIer has been writ
ing for the past five years.
WMAl, 830-Duffys Tavern: Robert Ripley
finds Arehie's domain storehouse Of believe
it.ornots.
W0l. 8:30-Magc Dollars: Walter Compton
in one Of his weekly giye.away.
WEN, 8:30-AI Joson Show: Peter LORE
Evening star., 1942-12-22

Ldst-nninute changes IN radio pro- r,,renAx
grams sometimes reach The Star 'o.SS~'
too late for correction that day. December ", 1912
Evening star., 1942-12-22
UNCLE RAYS CORNER

While the Israelites were on their
way from Egypt to the Promised
Land, there were times when they
grew hungry. One such time came
after the crossing was made from
Asia to Africa, at a point where
those continents were Joined to-
gether.
Longing for bread. the Israelites
awoke to find a great supply of
mama" on the ground. They
Evening star., 1942-12-22
BY Ramon Coffmun

The Sinai tamarisk is noted be-
cause it produces sweet substance
called mama" This substance
hardens on the trunk and branches,
and then falls to the ground.
The so-called mama insects"
play a part in the production of
mama. They make cuts in the
bark, and these cuts permit a kind
of sirup to come out. The sirup
may be compared to the sap of
maple trees which give us maple
sirup and sugar.
The mama which falls from Sinai
tamarisks is eaten by Arabs and
by the monks of Mount Sinai. Often
it is consumed in the form of red
dish sirup, being spread over bread
like honey.
Other kinds of mama are known
today. A great deal of the substance
has been obtained from the island
Of Sicily, and has been exported to
various countries.
The mama of Sicily comes from
the mama ash," a tree which is
planted and cared for. The trees are
placed In rows, about seven feet
apart.
When mamma ash trees are 8 or
Q years old, men go from trunk to
trunk and make short cuts through
the bark. This is done In the sum-
mer, and thick juice comes from
the cuts. Sometimes the juice is
allowed to harden outside the cut
before being gathered.
The mama from Sicily is sweet
and sugary. but has an element not
found in the Sinai mamma. This
element makes the Sicily mamma OF
| value In medicine.
| 1v~eA Rd
.ssd sss On ss sSs ssen sSeS q wond.l1 as uo &
the world" send Scent stamped, self
Of Tho Evening star.
Read Uncle Ray IN The Junior Star
! Every Sunday.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1942-01-20

| said in my previous article
that most effective h%ydrothera-
peutic procedures could be car
rled out in any American bath
room. There is one, however,
which requires the facilities of a
interchangeable establishment
and where this is available, |
strongly recommend it.
That is the Scotch douchc which
consists of a stream of cold water
and a stream of hot water directed
on the naked body from two hoses
at the same time. | know of moth
ing that is calculated to be more
beneficial for the tired, nervous,
over-active business man in these
wartime days than a Scotch
douche.
The streams of water can be
played, alternately hot and cold,
along the spine and over the rest
of the body. The infringement of
the water is stimulating to a great
degree. You can just feel your
nerves straighten out with the re-
suit that every muscle in the body
Henderson daily dispatch., 1942-01-20

readers who have urged me to
continue the discussion, that this
article is in the nature of a by
request" contribution.
Water can be used in treatment
by varying it's modalities - hot
and cold, still and moving, and
the length of time employed. A
cold stream of water played on
the body forcibly from a hose mas
a different effect from a .., bath
in the bath tub and almost endless
variations of these simple modal
ties can be used in various dis
eases.
1t must be remembered also that
they can be used either for local
affections or for general condi-
tons. For instance, a hot pack on
an infected finger is an example
of local treatment, ana enveloping
the entire body ia 8 wet pack over
night is an example of general
treatment for the purpose of in
ducing sleep and overcoming IA
tigue and nervousness.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1942-01-20
IS Persons
lie In Fire

Continued from Page One)
then fall back" said Police Sergeant
William Gillespie.
Tn fire Wa II of the most costly
in loss of life in the history of Lynn
and one of the worst in New Eng
land since the early l900's.
Harry Anderson, j%anitor of the
building, discovered the fire at las
a. m. in a coal bin in the cellar. A
half-hour later a general alarm was
turned IN and apparatus was sum-
monsd from all nearby cities.
Most of those taken to hospitals
suffered their injuries in leaps from
lower floor windows of the apart
mcnt house.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1942-01-20
FUNDS REQUESTED
FOR N
OF WAR JOBLESS

Washington. Jan. 20.-tAP)-
President Roosevelt asked Con-
greSS today for a $500. 900 900
appropriation for unemploy-
ment compensation benefits for
workers temporarily thrown out
of work by conversion of indus
trial plants to wartime uses.
He sent a letter to Speaker
Rayburn recommending the ap-
preparation and a plan for pro-
yiding weekly benefits to quail
fled workers.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1942-01-20
Rails Favored
I'm Stock Mart

New York. Jan. 2O.-CAP)-RailS
in today stock market.
l. W. far from Il One-Way eX-
CulsiOu, however. and, while gains
Of fractions to a point We're fairly
well distributed at the start. the
advance did not hold in all cases and
minus signs Wsrc in evidence here
md there c Il the founth hour. Deal
haz were a bit faster than those OF
Monday although s~.DWdowns we're
plentiful.