davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Phoenix index., 1942-08-15
No Commissions
To Be Given In
Navy Auxiliary
Not To Have
Separate Units
AS In The WAAC

WASHINGTON, D. C.-(S N s.
Negro women will be admitted to
the Women's Naval Auxiliary Re-
serve, just as they are being admit
ted to the Women's Army Auxiliary
Corps, it was definitely revealed
this week by the Bureau Of Navy
Personnel.
The only difference will be that
no commissions will be given Ne
gro women. Commissions in the
army unit are being allotted to Ne
gro women on the basis OF their
ability
Enlisted colored women and girls
in the WAVES will become an
active part of the regular navy, not
in separate units as they are in the
WAAC, it was learned.
The women will perform ground
and shore duties releasing men
for duty abroad ships. Because
there are no colored naval officers,
it was said colored women will not
be permitted beyond the grades now
held by men.
The plans for the Women's Ma
val Reserve, announced by the
Navy Department recently, call for
1000 commissioned officers, and
about 10000 enlisted members, to
be assigned to shore positions
within the continental United
States.
Unlike the women comprising
the WAAC, members of the Wo-
mems Naval Reserve Corps are
to receive the same pay as the
navy's male personnel of compar-
able grades Or ratings. They will be
indoctrinated at Smith College,
Northampton, Mass.
WAAC plans call for a 10 pei
cent representation of coloreo
women and this policy is being fol-
lowed in the army units officer
training program at Fort Des
Moines, Iowa.
Minimum educational require
ments set by the Bureau of Naval
Personnel for applicants for COM
missions or appointments as Of
ficer candidates include a baccalau-
reate degree from an accredited
university or college, or work III
such an institution plus not less
than two years professional OF
business experience in certain
fields that will fit them for admin
lstrative Or technical positions.
Applicants must be between &c
and 80 years of age, childless and
II unmarried, must agree not to
marry prior to the completion OF
their fundamental training.
The Phoenix index., 1942-08-15

ST. LOUIS, Mo..-Two of the
largest local dailies here called for
the passage of a federal anti
lynching law after the federal
grand jury investigating the
lynching Of Cleo Wright IN Skies
ton last January returned q
white wash" statement, July 81,
finding that no federal statue had
been violated No indictments
were returned
The st. Louis POST-DISPATCH
in an editorial headed Not
Closed Case" said: 'They the
grandiury) might well have called
upon Congress TO make lynching
a federal offense for, through the
crime, the reputation OF the ma
ton as Well as that Of Missouri
The Phoenix index., 1942-08-15
Name New Naval
Station After
Negro Captain
Served With
Valor In Civil
War 70 Years Ago

WASHINGTON, D. C.-(S N 81
The special unit at the Great
Lakes Naval Training Station at
Great Lakes, Illinois, now being
used to train approximately two
thousand Negro recruits. is now
designated Camp Robert Smalls. J."
The camp is named after Robert
Smalls. a Negro who served with
great distinction in thhe q. S.
Navy in the Civil War.
AS a pilot on the Confederate
transport, PLANTER, on May 13,
1862, Smalls ran her out of Char
lesion Harbor and delivered her to
a Union squadron. He was appoint
ed a pilot in the u. S. Navy and
served in the UsSS KEOKUK. He
was promoted to Captain for gal
liant an0 meritoriOuS conduct De-
cember l, 1868, and placed in COM
mand of the PLANTER. He served
with this ship until she was put
out of commission in 1866.
The first recruits arrived tat
Camp Robert Sllails during the.
week ending June 6, and the num-
ber has increased weekly since
that time. Qualified recruits will
shortly be sent to vocational
schools established by the Navy
for the training of electricians,
machinists, carpenters, metalsmiths,
shipfitters, quartermasters and
yeomen.
The remaining recruits will be
assigned to duty aboard district
and defense craft and to other
stations throughout the country.
The Phoenix index., 1942-08-15
Program Completed
For EIks' Session
BY SAMUEL READING, Jr.

PHILADELPHIA, PAS N 81
When DR. j. Finley Wilson, grand
exalted ruler, brings down the
gavel on August % for the twentieth
annual convention under his di-
rection, he will find all arrange
ments completed, with no last
minute details to be arranged.
The opening of the annual con-
fab will consist of the annual
sermon at Tindley Methodist
Church, and from then on, every
hour Of the siX-day meet will be
crammed to overfloWing with acti-
vities, most of which will have
patriotic significance Or be close
ly linked up with the war effort.
Tuesday early evening, the great
military parade will get under way
from 21st and Oxford streets, Wend-
ing its way to south Philadelphia.
In it will be shown the military
might of the antlered herd, men
and women numbering into the
hundreds Of thousands.
On Wednesday night, histori-
cal pageant given by the Daughter
Elks under direction of Grand
Secretary Buena Kelley, will be
staged at Tindley Temple.
The one not altogether serious
note of the Convention will be the
great ball to be held at Conven-
ton Hall on Thursday night, fea-
turing Earl Hines and his orches-
ira.
The Phoenix index., 1942-08-15
Failure To |ndict Sikeston
Mob Starts New Law Demand

is the enactment of a federal law
on lynching, and emphasizes that
no state where lynching has oc-
cured has machinery which has
been found adequate to deal with
this crime with the enactment
Of a national anti-lynching law
federal grand juries would be
spared the humiliation of being
limited to mere denunciation of
murder committed III daylight by
a mob whose acquaintances looked
on from the sidewalks" it con-
cluded.
The Phoenix index., 1942-08-15
Business League
To Hold Biggest
Session In Chi
Convention To
Be Held August
26 to %, 1912 !

MEMPHIS, (ANP)-"It looks like
a record breaking attendance for
the Chicago convention of the Ma
tional Negro Business league, Aug.
26 to %" said DR.. j. E. Walker,
president on his return this week.
end from a midWestern speaking
tour which included Chicago.
with our country at war and
the United Nations facing crisis
In the axis submarine warfare and
threats to Suez ana the Russian
'front.'" continued DR.. Walker, "Ne-
gro business has both an op-
portunity and responsibility to
lend support in this emergency by
converting our production enter
prises to war needs, by promoting
the sale of defense bonds and CO.
operating with all of the govern
ment's defense agencies and pro-
grams"
In a letter to all local branches
OF the league, DR.. Walker urges
local membership drives to in
crease national memberships and
he has offered a beautiful trophy
to the city which reports the larg-
est national membership for 1912.
This trophy will be presented dur
ing the Chicago convention.
A special invitation has been
sent to local organizations III
cities which have been host-citles
to the business league conventions
since it's founding by Booker T.
Washington, AZ years ago. Reports
indicate that representatives from
most of these cities will attend and
further augment the increased
delegations from other local af-
filiated groups.
The Phoenix index., 1942-08-15
First Negro Navy
Band Now On Duty

CHAPEL HILL, N. CLAMP
The first and thus far only all
Negro band in the navy reported
at the navy preflight school here
Friday. Composed of AZ musicians
recruited last spring from various
sections of the state, the band has
been undergoing a naval indoctri-
nation course at Norfolk since May
q.
All Of the musicians are high
school graduates and some have
attended college. Several have had
professional musical experience.
They are led by Charles E. Dud-
The Phoenix index., 1942-08-15

as previous graduation exercises
was the usual marked simplicity
and deep sincerity, indicative OF
the life and ideals of the aviation
cadet at this base.
SHOULD THINK BACK
1T is but natural that in the
happiness and satisfaction which
you feel today at having completed
yohr courses as Aviation Cadets
and becoming rated pilots in the
Air Forces Of the Army you should
think back over the road which you
haVe Travelled since your thoughts
fiIkt centered on a desire to fly
declared Col. Kimble in his ad-
dress to the candidates as he began
a retrospective history of trans
pottation including mans innate
de&ire to conquer the air.
Some highlights taken from the
Cokonel's speech are as follows:
Your desire and determination
to master the air are typical of the
developments which have marked
many discoveries and tremendous
mans progress throughout the
ages. In most instances these great
scientific and mechanical ad-
vances have come as a result of the
desire and determination to i'm
prove our health, living conditions
The Phoenix index., 1942-08-15

w ~ q Z AN@S 1
be given their
stubbornly denied
opportunity.
The fear Is
more real to many
a Dixon, Tai
madge, Rankin
and Bilbo than
the growing pos
sibilities that their
states will be-
come targets of
devastating axis
The Phoenix index., 1942-08-15
Tuskegee Pilots Told They
Need Courage, Confidence

Walter Irwin Lawson, NewtoWn,
Va; John William Mcclure, 1103
North Kennedy Avenue, Kokeno,
Ind; Leon Claud Roberts, Murphy
and MCGEE Street, Prichard, Ala,
and John Washington Rogers. SAL
South Michigan Ave, Chicago, Ill
Music for the occasion was fur
nished by the Post orchestra under
the direction of 1t. Frank L. Drye.
The Phoenix index., 1942-08-15
OLLIE STEWART IN IRELAND
FOR PAPER

WASHINGTON-(A N P)-Olllc
Stewart, war correspondent for
the Afro-American newspapers
with headquarters in Baltimore,
vas to arrive in Ireland early this
week by clipper plane efter being
confirmed Friday. He will report
the activities of Negro troops in
Ireland and England.
The Phoenix index., 1942-08-15
The Globe TrOttcr
Wanted: An Opportunity

time when man power is precious
commodity.
Unyielding is the determine
ton of the DixOns, the Tai
nfadgeS, the BilbOs, the Ran
lins that black men shall not
have this opportunity. One is
led to believe that they would
rather for America to lose the
war than have the pressure
they have exerted against poll
ticaIly and economically help
less Negroes eased the least bit.
They are too clever to come out
in the open on the clear-cut issue
of opportunity VS.. enSlavement.
Rather they seek to hide the real
issue. That is what is going on
now in the acknowledgements
struggle.
DIXON HURLS DEFY
You see it in the defy hurled
against the federal government by
Governor Dixon, in the matter of
accepting a war contract, clause
of. which forbade discriminatory
labor practices in its execution.
Governor Dixon saw that this
would mean giving an equal op-
portunity to all Americans, regard
less of their color. 1t was more than
he could stomach, even if it meant
an unnecessary delay in the win
ming of the war
You see it too, in the present
Georgia gubnatorial campaign
Governor Talmadge keeps
shouting white supremacy, So
ciaI equality, racial cO-educa-
ton, Southern traditions etc"
Actually he has no fears of
these things coming to pass.
He has never come out frankly
and said he was just dead set
agin Negroes" who form forty per
cent of Georgia's population being
accorded an opportunity, the most
elementary guarantee of the Ame-
rican Constitution.
BE-CLOUDS THE ISSUE
He would be-cloud the real issue.
He knows that the greatest and
most inSistent demand of Georgia's
one million Negroes has been simp-
ly a chance.
They want an opportunity,
like other Americans, to have a
voice iii selecting the men, who
are to run the government un-
der which they live, TO which
they must pay taxes, and for
which they are called upon to
risk their lives.
The Phoenix index., 1942-08-15
LUNCEFORD ADDS SAX
PLAYER

HOLLYWOOD, Calif.-(C)-From
Gee Pee Johnson's band, came
Kirkland Bradford, to fill Willie
Smiths vacant chair as the new
sax man in Jimmie Lunceford'S
Blues In The Night band. Smith
left during the engagement here.
Bradford, a local 767, came in from
San Diego, Calf.
The Phoenix index., 1942-08-15

SEVENTY YEARS AFTER the
Civil War, the same fear that mott
waited that bloody conflict again
grips the hearts of many white
Southerners. 1t is fear shared
even by some who have prided
themselves on being the 'Negro's
best friends
The fear is that black Ameri
cans, under the exigencies of war,
The Phoenix index., 1942-08-15

row, bandmaster, USN (retired) of
Baltimore who re-entered the SER
vice last fall. The band will be
quartered in the Negro Communi-
ty Center building here,
The Phoenix index., 1942-08-15

air raids, or that this nation, as
the result of their failure to recog-
niZe what we are fighting for,
might actually lose the war.
FIGHTING ALL OVER AGAIN
They are actually fighting the
Civil War all over again. Seventy
wears ago it was for the mainten-
ance of slavery. Their battle today
is for the same thing, with one
difference. The first conflict sought
to uphold physical enSlavement.
They raise the twO-edged
sword today to uphold the
political and economic enslave-
ment in which black men have
been held ever since they were
given their emancipation"
Make no mistake That is the
real issue. All of the rest of the
shouting and hullabaloo is to be
could this real purpose; to draw
a red herring across the trail; to
cover their utter determination that
black men shall not be accorded
their long sought opportunity.
CRUSHING NEGRO SPIRIT
An opportunity is the crux of
every demand being made by Ne
groes. The denial of opportunity is
the thing that is crushing the very
spirit and soul of thirteen millions
of Americans. And this same denial
of opportunity is robbing America
of ten per cent OF its most loyal,
its most yirile manpoWer, at
The Phoenix index., 1942-08-15
HIT THAT RHEUMATIC PAIN
RIGHT where 1T HURTS

And look at the SitUer Lining
in those Clouds OF Pain
The big idea is that you want to feel
better. When pain eases, your mind
eases. You get rest that means deliver
ance. So use something that gets at the
pain. C-zz2s brings you pain-reIieving
help. Now you will feel as good as
others who enjoyed its help. Don't put
it off. Get C-2223 now. 6oc, 81 every
where. Use only as directed. Purchase
price refunded if you are not satisfied.
The Phoenix index., 1942-08-15
, Fifth Class Given Wings At
! All-Negro Army Flying School

| TUSKEGEE, Ala-(SNS) - On Wednesday morning,
August S. at m another page in the annals of Amerl
c aviation was written when the fifth class of Aviation
Cadets at the Tuskegee Army Flying School, Tuskegee,
Ala, received wings
The Phoenix index., 1942-08-15
Br cuff Msekay

ton on par with the education
given any other citizens OF Georgia
under the state system, which their
taxes help support. II their sons
want to become doctors, they want
them to have the same opportun1-
ty to become a doctor in a state
supported school as is given others
including many who are not even
citizens of Georgia Or the United
States.
WANT TO EARN LIVING
They want an opportunity to
earn a decent living, to properly
feed and clothe and provide ade-
quate housing for their families
They are respondent that there
exists in an America pledged to
bring the -four freedoms" to the
whole world, a small clique which
would prevent the enjoyment OF
those freedoms right here in
America.
They want the opportunity to
obtain employment equal to
their SkillS, without reservation.
If they have been trained as
airplane mechanics, as weIders,
or as machinists, they want the
chance to work at these skills,
: draw the same pay as others
doing similar work. Too long
has America lost the Skills of
IN
janitOrs merely because their
skins were black.
And lastly they want the op-
portunity to enjoy equal justice
They want a chance to move out
from beneath the shadow of ter
rorism that constantly hangs over
black heads. They want to feel
that when they are called into
court that justice is really blind
that she is not peeking from be-
hind her hood to determine the
color of the defendants skin.
ON WRONG SIDE
Messrs. Talmadge, Dixon, Ran
kin and Bilbo might well argue
that these demands for opportunity
are out of line with Southern
tradition" =" But they cannot truth
fully say they are not in complete
harmony with the much older
American tradition of giving every
man, regardless of the color of his
skin, his race or his nationality, a
chance.
That is the American way, the
democratic way. Those who argue
otherwise are definitely on the
wrong side in this war for free
dom. They are not serving Ameri-
ca; they are hurting America. They
do not belong in America.
The Phoenix index., 1942-08-15


some instances these developments
have occurred as a necessary
means of protecting one group OF
men from aggressor peoples.
But few young men lived
who did not wish to fly....Air power
is not the only weapon, but it has
proved the way for success You
have been trained in this school
for assignment to fighter squad
rons, single aircraft with indiVld-
ual pilots. You and your plane are
one. 1t calls for great individual
prowess, To acquire that, fighter
pilots must have courage conf
dence, and ability. Your graduation
is indicative of the fact that trust
is placed in you to carry out this
mission.
REGULAR COMBINATION
In closing, the Colonel advised,
'As your work progresses, you Will
find that your successful operation
depends not only on these factors,
but on the work of others: the
men who sustain the ships and
others on the ground who make it
possible for the fighter pilot to
take the air...It is a peculiar COM
bination: one of individualiSm and
self reliance, and another OF reali-
zation and respect for teamwork.
Without team cooperation, no great
success can be accomplished"
The diplomas and commissions
were awarded by Colonel Kimble,
while Colonels Parrish and Davis
presented the successful graduates
with their wings.
The newly commissioned flying
officers include the following:
Second Lieutenants Richard Davis,
Rt. 8, Box l59, Fort Valley, Ga;
Willie Howell Fuller, Rt. 3, Box "a.
Tarboro, N. c.; CasSluS Alonzo
Harris, 620 South Broad ST., Phila-
dephia, Pa; Earl Eugene King, l6
Center Street, Bessemer, Alabama;
The Phoenix index., 1942-08-15
HOTEL MACK

80 Cool Rooms. Hot Water. Daily
81 up. Reasonable Weekly Rates.
We. 1921. Atlanta. Ga.
The Phoenix index., 1942-08-15

s 81
The Phoenix index., 1942-08-15

the OF life In
developments
Milford chronicle., 1942-08-28

u. A wide organization among
EMPLOYER and management groups
"as a method to promote equality
of bargaining power between man
agement and labor" ..'t'
3. Industry-wide collective bar
gaining as the logical step which
makes for greater stability
throughout an industry, more re-
sponsible unions, and puts manage
ment on a more fair and equitable
basis SO far as wage costs are con-
cerned." Employer member Lap
ham has been contending vigorous
iy that more responsible unions are
essential to stable labor relations.
Announcement of the Adminis-
tration's wage stabilization pro-
gram, now ON the Presidents desk,
is due this week. Labor's vigorous
opposition to OPA's wage-czar
plan forced a compromise. The pro
gram envisages fixing wages In dis
pute and contemplates a set-up for
voluntary wage increase approval.
It is expected to follow the Little
Steel" is per cent formula which
still permits wage increases in sub
standard areas. WLB inaugurated
the new policy even before its an
by the White House.
Milford chronicle., 1942-08-28


been lighting hard and we have
been making some advances. too
although not yet the great advan-
ces we must make for victory. We
have made gains in overcoming
prejudice against workers because
of race or religion; we have ac-
complished increased employment
of the handicapped. But the War
Manpower Commission says that
out of 100 important labor market
areas surveyed in July, 35 had
shortages Of male labor-2 more
than in June.
Just as a military development
may affect a front thousands, of
miles away, SO gains or reverses on
separate sectors of the home front
have their effect on all the other
fronts. The shortage of raw mate
rials, for instance, has resulted in
lay-offs in some war production
plants, thus producing the apparent
paradox of labor scarcities in some
communities, side by side with tenn
porary unemployment elsewhere.
At this moment when our troops
are fighting on world fronts and
all of us are caught up in united
effort we cannot tolerate sly at
tempts to dodge the restrictions
and the deprivations most Of us
accept cheerfully. The people who
try to dodge rationing regulations,
who try torbeat price and rent con-
troll, who think it smart to get illeg-
ally materials reserved for the arm
ed forces-such persons are sabo-
teurs as surely as though they had
been landed on our coast from a
Nazi sub. Fortunately they are few.
Sugar rationing, according to OPA,
has produced only IL court actions
so far. Next month a lot of
feet are going to be stepped on, a
lot of arms are going to ache. The
Office of Defense Transportation
says that by middle Of Septem-
ber, when schools open, the coun-
try's local transportation systems
will be carrying the heaviest load
in their history. :. During the last
war the mail order price for a pair
Of overalls rose from so cents to
1896. Last week oPA took steps
to make sure that work clothes,
this time, remain at reasonable lev
els.
Milford chronicle., 1942-08-28

q 2
fronts remain taxes and patents.
Senate Finance Chairman George Is
preparing, a tax bill for presenta-
tion to the Senate early in Septem-
ber. so. Sss ~. =. J,
Senate Patent Committee Chair-
man Bone, abetted by Thurman
Arnold, is striving to lead a, reluc-
tant committee to scrap the present
patent system. Unable to get any
bills reported out, Mr.. Bone re-
opened hearings this week. Arnold
set the stage by proposing a new
bill which would give. the Justice
Department supervision oyer the
patent system and permit the Gov
ernment to revoke a patent II 1t
were used to dominate or restrain
trade ,...unreasoriably.s -.
While the Justice Department is
reported preparing another bill CIV
ing aipatent commission power to
set price ceilings on patented ,arti-
cles, Chairman Bone is planning to-
produce another bill which would
a ac.cemplete reorganization
Of the patent system" Meantime
the committee plans to continue
open hearings with the Justice De-
partment presenting data on alleg-
ed patent abuses. #
ahi''ts sefE -. ~
Rumors of a general WPB shake
I'D are misleading. The war pro-.
gram proceeds apace according to
he Nelson -War-Nayy. program of
asst March. Under. this agreement
Army and Navy would take over:
~ production scheduling; (2)
contract ,renegotiation; (3l review
" plant construction; (4) purchas-
ng procedures, as rapidly as pos
ible. Raw material shortages have
some quick shifts and
,thers may follow, but the basic
Milford chronicle., 1942-08-28
Freedom of, the Press 1


A short time ago President Roos-
evelt appointed Elmer Davis as
Chief Of the once OF War Infor!
nation and that journalist has done
a swell job IN opening the news
channels in a way that has met the
approval OF the American press.
In viewsof the above there has
been considerable feeling EXPRESS
ed in Washington and throughout
the country over proceedings that
have been instituted against the,
Chicago Tribune, New York Daily
News and the Washington Times
Herald for having published news
reports OF the Battle of the Coral
Sea. The Chicago Tribune had one
Of it's best correspondents, Stanley
Johnston, at the scene OF the acs
ton, and he "scooped" the world.
with his story. The Chicago Trtb-
une claims that 1t did not violate
any military regulations or disclose
any military secrets. That paper
viii defend what It calls the free-l
dom of the press. The matter ts
very important and undoubtedly
newspaper men throughout the
country will watch any proceedings
in the courts with great interest.
80