davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1942-03-19
South America Aroused

The ruthless Axis U-boat campaign
against South American merchant
shipping apparently plays no favor
ties, Beginning with vessels of Bra
lillian registry, it has now been ex-
tended to ships belonging to Chile
and Uruguay. This seems to indicate
definite policy to disrupt South
American sea-borne trade. In a
measure, it already has had its ef-
feet, since Brazil has laid off her
ships from ocean-going runs. But
these outrages have aroused popular
indignation in the countries con-
cerned and have resulted in official
reprisals vigorous in character.
In Montevideo, the Uruguayan cap
ital, crowds have just demonstrated,
shouting Death to the Axis coun-
tries!" singing the national anthem,
and voicing loud approval of the
governments reprisal of large Ger
man merchant steamer interned in
Uruguayan waters since the start
of the war This was similar to last
weeks anti-Axis riots in Rio de ia
metro and the Brazilian governments
impounding of Axis-owned property
for indemnif1cation Of shipping
losses. Chile as yet has had no riots,
but public opinion is stirred and a
diplomatic protest is in preparation.
This milder reaction reflects Chile's
difficult situation. That curiously
shoestrings shaped country, crowded
between the crest of the Andes and
the Pacific Ocean, has nearly 5000
miles of coastline practically unfor-
tilted, with only a small army
and navy to withstand attack from
the sea at any point. While Ger
many and Italy lie far away, the
japanese threat has seemed to come
ever closer since Pearl Harbor, and
the course of the war in the Far
East has not been such as to en-
courage Chile to provoke the Axis.
Popular sympathy seems to favor
the United States and Pan American
solidarity The recent presidential
campaign was waged largely on that
issue, and the election of Senor Rios
was hailed as the forerunner of
diplomatic break with the Axis, thus
reversing Chile's stand at the Rio
Conference. when it agreed with Ar
gentina in its refusal to take that
drastic step.
However, the President-elect has
made no commitment before his in
auguration on April 2. and in the
meantime public opinion has evinced
growing caution. For one thing,
Chile is enjoying war boom result
ing from trade with the United
States. The average Chilean fears
that a diplomatic break with the
Axis might diminish this prosperity
as we'll as expose his country to
Axis attacks. It is upon this cau-
tious popular mood that the U-boat
campaign against Chilean shipping
has sounded a disconcerting note.
Perhaps the single sinking which
has occurred will not suffice to trans
form Chile's neutralist mood into
near -belligerency; but further ship
ping losses doubtless will strain the
temper and patience of a proven
bially high-spirited, intensely patri-
otic people.
Evening star., 1942-03-19
Urges Evening Hours
For Volunteer Blood Donors.
To the Editor Of The Star:

To the Editor Of The Star:
1t has been explained to me that while
the American Red Cross solicits donors
for its blood bank" to furnish an in
creased supply of the life-giving plasma
used in cases of shock. loss Of blood, and
debility due to war wounds suffered by
our defenders on sea and land, there is
not at present any provision for securing
such blood donors during the evening
hours, that is, after pm, the first five
days of the week, Monday through Fri
day.
I therefore offer the suggestion that
arrangements be made to receive in the
evening those persons not able to come
during business hours. Many gladly
would contribute to the blood bank If
they could do 50 without leaving essential
work they are performing.
As one who already has been accepted
for this service, can assure any
healthy person that there will be no in
convenience or debilitating effects. I
urge all who can to go to the Naval
Clinic and do at least this much toward
helping our boys. This Is one way in
which to show real patriotism.
OLGA NIELSEN WOODWARD
Evening star., 1942-03-19
Calls For Establishment of
War Housing Board.

To the Editor Of The Star:
Your editorial in The Sunday Star of
March Is pointed to some important
aspects of the housing crisis today.
Although there are dangers in building
temporary housing, we cannot agree
with your hesitancy.
Every moment of delay in providing
more housing in Washington is a
menace to the war effort. The Federal
Government finds it necessary to hire
$4,000 additional workers here during
1912 Without space in which these
necessary workers can live, the Govern
ments program for victory Is endangered.
Temporary dormitories in the Mall
would provide for some of these workers.
Such buildings should be built, and built
rapidly-but with guarantees that they
will be removed six months after the
war. Protection from incendiary bombs
must be included in their design. Ade-
quate light and air should be provided,
as the location of these buildings will
make them almost unbearably hot in
the summer.
Since temporary buildings must be
constructed not only for housing but
also for ONCE space. and excellent part
solution to the problems would be the
erection of satellite towns near Wash
ington. Agencies now In the city could
be moved into these new outlying towns.
They would be located within 20-25 miles
Of washington-near enough for direct
Evening star., 1942-03-19
FoIse Spring
The mid March days are ,odrn, across

The mid March days are sodrns across
the sill,
Breathing gentle breath s1ainst my
skin,
As April might or fosoery-hsdrted
May;
knop their feet have all but sided
in.
Yet never d wisp OF green nor the
first leaf,
Nor the earliest fo,ner snug IN the
rotted ledpes,
Never a fery breast on the s,otn9ing
line
Only this cod1ing t,oitter xnder the
edpes,
Only a soft ,0i,d against the cheek;
Be not disarmed too soon by the
hdsty loUer-
There is the earth, the cold, broDn
earth to remember,
And frost IN the night to send you
shaking for coperl
ISABELLE BRYANS LONaEXILOW.
Evening star., 1942-03-19

Army In India, born in 1924, had a
practical objective in mind when he
rugged up the diagonal shoulder
strap which is the characteristic fea-
ture of his trimming" He had lost
an arm in battle and devised the
belt that bears his name to aid in
the support of his sword and other
equipment. German as we'll as
British, French and American officers
used shoulder pieces during the First
World War.
The Sam Browne belt, however, is
by no means as modern a develop
ment as might be thought from the
fact that its sponsor died as re-
Gently as 1901. Research discloSes
that similar "flxings" were issued to
enlisted men in the light artillery
and mounted rifles regiments of the
Army of the United States between
1855 and 1858. British troops in the
American Revolutionary War went
into battle with like gear. 1t even is
said that the Crusaders of the Middle
Ages wore crossed straps to hold axes
and maces.
We're the matter to be argued on
purely esthetic grounds, an excellent
case, it would seem, could be made
for the shoulder fixture. A photo
graph taken at Metz. the capital OF
Lorraine, December 8, 1918, shows
Foch, Haig and Pershing all with
Sam Browne accoutrement and
Papa" Joffre with no discernible
belt whatever. The advantage in
the circumstances is not with the
victor of the Marne.
Evening star., 1942-03-19
Viroiniu Assembly

Having concluded productive
session. members of the 1912 Virginia
General Assembly deserve the COM
mendation they received from Gov
ernor Dayden for their constructive
work" The session was particularly
constructive from the standpoint OF
the Northern Virginia legislators.
Attempting to deal with present and
prospective problems arising from
the war boom, they obtained the en-
actment of much legislation OF i'm
portance to their constituents. In
this category are bills to permit a
referendum in Arlington County on
the question of incorporation and to
permit advisory referenda in Alex
andria on public issues. The former
was. the most controversial local issue
before the Arlington delegation.
In moves to help solve the housing
problem in the Washington area, the
legislators authorized a huge project
in alexandria by the Metropolitan
Life Insurance Company and made
specific provision for establishment
of emergency rent control boards and
the fixing of fair rent scales in
emergency areas"
As is usual, the session devoted
considerable time to school matters
and provided. with other things, for
abelishing the separate school dis
trict in the Town of Falls Church.
lifting the 81 25 ceiling on the county
school levy in Fairfax County; rails
ing the minimum State contribution
per teacher unit to $720 in 194344
providing retirement allowances on
an actuarially sound basis for both
school teachers and State employees,
and appropriating S500000 to the
counties for school bus transporta-
tion.
Other current problems are dealt
with in bills to permit construction
ofthe proposed bypass route around
Alexandria from Arlington to Occo-
quan and to permit attorneys and
agents to practice before the exam
lining division of the Patent Office in
Richmond without being members of
the Virginia bar.
Among State wide enactments of
particular import to Northern Vir-
ginia are the rediStricting bill, giving
Arlington a second member of the
House of Delegates and State Sen
ator of its own, and reorganizing the
State defense setup to concentrate
authority in the Governor and local
officials.
The Assembly anticipated request
of President Roosevelt by reducing
the speed limit as rubber conserva-
ton measure. 1t dealt decisively
with perennial issues when it enacted
a sweeping penal reform program
and cut small-loan interest rates
These and numerous other meas
ures were enacted in response to re-
quests of the Governor. The others
include repeal of the 10 per cent
tax on liquor and wine and reorgani-
zation of several State agencies. The
State budget was kept in balance and
war bonus" provided for low
Evening star., 1942-03-19
Revives Memory Of Bryce Report
On Alleged German Atrocities.
To the Editor OF The Star


Recently you referred editorially to
false atrocity reports" during the First
World War.
Permit me to offer single quotation
from the report of a committee headed
by Viscount Bryce, former British Am
bassador to the United States.
A 2-year-old child having wandered
into the street at Maines, a German
soldier drove his bayonet with both
hands into the child's stomach, lifting
the child into the air on his bayonet
and carrying it away on his bayonet, he
and his comrades still singing"
This incident was given much pub
licity at the time, but all such were
discounted as propaganda after the war.
They remain. however, available for in
spection in onicial reports buried in
musty files. w. DAY BOYER.
Evening star., 1942-03-19
Hoskin's Answers
To Questions
By frederic J. Hdsktn.

A reader cdn get the 6nssosr to Gny
question OF fact BY tDr1ttn1 The Star
Information Bureau, Frederic J. Has.
kin, Director, Warrington, d. C..
Please inclose stamp for reply. :.
Q. What can be done to protect the
finish of q car that is to be stored In the
open? Should it be given . heavy coat
Of auto wax?-R. M. s.
A. All that Is needed Is to clean and
polish the car and then protect 1t from
the weather Bright metal parts should
be covered with oil or grease If the car
is adequately covered with . tarpaulin or
the like, the heavy coat Of wax win not
be necessary.
O. How small can an electric hght
bulb be made?-R. NJ J.
A. For delicate operations surgeons
use tiny electric lamps that are only
slightly larger than . grain Of rice.
Evening star., 1942-03-19

salaried State workers. Outstand-
ing among the proposals killed were
several bills to block annexation
proceedings by growing municipal
tiles, including Falls Church and
Alexandria.
Altogether the record is one that
reflects credit on the legislators and
provides an auspicious start for the
administration of Governor Darden.
Evening star., 1942-03-19

Pyrrhic victory?-S. c.
A. The battle at Heraclea (2S0 BC)
where Pyrrhus, with the advantage
gained by his cavalry and elephants.
completely defeated the Roman Consul
NJ Valerius Laevinus but at the cost Of
very heavy losses, which caused him to
make the remark, "One more such vic.
tory and I am lost" Some historians,
however, believe that Ausculum (27o
BCD was the original Pyrrhic victory.
@. Where are Numdah rugs made?-
C. w.
A. Numdah rugs come from the Vale
of Kashmir in Northern India. They are
made Of felted goat hair.
@. Which bishop has jurisdiction over
Westminster Abbey?-S. R. E.
= A. Westminster Abbey holds the
unique position among English churches
in that mo bishop has jurisdiction IN
it." The dean has complete control ex-
cept en- one occasion, the coronation OF
the King, at which time authority passes
to the Earl Marshal of England, the
Duke OF Norfolk.
@. What animal is 1t that sometimes
lives It's whole life in q tree?-E. P. A.
A. The sloth. 1t lives among the
branches Of the tree hanging neck down.
ward and feeds on leaves and young
shoots and fruits.
q ryou, rnanv vsriefiex ~ eheese ayS
there?-P. w. B.
A. There are about 10 distinct Va
rieties Of cheese They are marketed
under 400 to 500 different names.
@. In what year was the first edi-
tion Of James Fighting Ships published7
Il. N. D.
A. The first edition Of "Al the
Worlds Fighting Ships" appeared in
1899. Jane had become interested In the
study Of warships when q lad. He con-
tinued to collect photographs, diagrams,
facts and figures which formed the
basis Of his first book.
@. BY whom was the famous picture
THE Horse Fair" painted?-S. M. K.
A. It is one of the best known paint
ings of the noted French artist Rosa
Bonheur ds22-18ss).
@. Is the Bren gun manufactured In
England?-M. G.
A. The manufacturing rights were
purchased by the British six years ago
and the gun is now produced at Enfield.
England. The name Bren is combina-
ton Of the first letters Of the name
Brunn, the town where it was first man
ufactured, and Enfield.
@. Through which ancestor did
Queen Victoria Of England have British
blood2-J. w. E.
A. Queen Victoria's British blood
came through the Electress Sophia,
granddaughter Of King James Of Eng
land.
@. In which Of Shakespeare's plays
do the Nine Worthless appear and who
were they?-M c. D.
A. They are mentioned In Loves
Labour's Lost" Act v, Scene II. They
we're nine heroes, three from the Bible,
three from the classics, and three from
romance. They are Joshua, David, Judas
Maccabaeus, Hector, Alexander, Julius
Caesar, Arthur. Charlemagne and God
frey of Bouillon.
@. Please give the name Of the Negro
church whose members portray the Sta
tions Of the Cross during Lent.-N. K.
A. The Franciscans Of Corpus Christi
Church in Chicago, . Negro parish, every
Friday in Lent portray In pantomimic
action the Stations Of the Gross. The
actors are all Negroes who enact each
station with great reverence and realism.
Evening star., 1942-03-19
Letters to the Editor

Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address of
the Uriter, although the use OF
a pseudonynl for publication is
permissible. The Star reserves
the right to edit all letters Uith
q Die1D to condensation.
Evening star., 1942-03-19

Honey and Some Of It's Uses
Substituting honey for sugar u
the answer to the rationing Of
sugar, and here Is . little Govern
ment leaflet that viii tell you about
honey, its uses and It's food value.
Includes excellent recipes for con-
fections, honey drop cookies,
honey nut bread, and also tells how
to adjust cake recipes for honey.
To secure your copy Of this publi-
cation inclose cents In coin,
wrapped in this clipping. and mail
to The Star Information Bureau.
Name
Address
Evening star., 1942-03-19
Secretary Ickes Calls Attention
To Error About Osmena.


To the Editor of The Star:
My attention has been called to an
editorial which appeared in the issue Of
The Evening Star of March under the
heading Filipino Resistance In this
editorial, the following statement is
made: The Japanese promptly pro-
duced a few native Quislings to head a
compliant regime, and either induced or
compelled certain respectable personal
tiles like the veteran leader Aguinaldo
and Vice President Osmena to lend their
names to the puppet show
The inclusion of Vice President Sergio
Osmena in this statement does not seem
to be justified by the facts. Mr. Osmena
left Manila before it was occupied by the
japanese, and has at no time been in
any area which was under control of the
Japanese. From the very early days of
American occupation, Mr.. Osmena has
taken a prominent part in the admins
tration of the Philippine government and
he has been held in high regard by all
American officials with whom he has
come in contact 1t is regretted that an
erroneous impression has been created in
the minds of many people in this country
that an official of the Commonwealth
government of such high rank and one
who is so widely known and respected
here would so readily join forces with
the japanese. I am sure that you will
agree that serious injustice has been
done and hope that it will be possible
to correct this very unfortunate error.
HAROLD L. ICKES,
Secretary of the Interior.
Evening star., 1942-03-19

Editors note: Use by the Japanese
of the name of Emilio Osmena, son of
Philippine Vice President Sergio
Osmena, led to confusion of identities
in The Star editorial. The Star is in
debted to Secretary Ickes for rectify-
ing an error. Vice President Osmena,
loyal Filipino, is understood to be with
President Quezon-a member OF his
emergency cabinet.
Evening star., 1942-03-19

The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to
the use for republication of all news dispatches
credited to 1t or not otherwise credited in this
paper and also the local news published herein.
AL rights OF publication of special dispatches
herein also are reserved
Evening star., 1942-03-19

@. Please give the name Of the Negro
church whose members portray the Sta
tions Of the Cross during Lent.-N. K.
A. The Franciscans Of Corpus Christi
Church in Chicago, Negro parish, every
Friday In Lent portray In pantomimic
action the Stations Of the Gross. The
actors are all Negroes who enact each
station with great reverence and realism.
Evening star., 1942-03-19

@. How many varieties Of cheese are
there?-P. w. B.
A. There are about 10 distinct Va
rieties Of cheese. They are marketed
under 400 to 500 different names.
Evening star., 1942-03-19
Member Of the Associated Pres.

Entered as second-cass matter post ofice.
Washington. D c.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-10-22
Grdhdm-Pdige
Joins Hunt for
Miss Victory
By r. JEROME PETIT
Contest Editor

Some time ago the army All
forces central procurement dis
trict took over considerable space
IN the giant plant AZ S5o5 West
Warren avenue. in which the Ora
ham.Paice Motor Car Company
once produced automobiles.
The company still retains con-
siderable space in the plant. how
ever. and today IS engaged In pro-
ducinc the implements of war
under the direction Of their army
tenants.
Today the many women war
workers of Graham-Psige entered
the MISS VICTORY of MlCHI-
GAN contest sponsored by The De
troit Times a search aimed al
finding Americas typical girl war
worker
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-10-22

penses TO the final contest in Chi
cago. where MISS VICTORY of
the UNITED STATES will be
chosen.
The national winner will be Sc
lected from among the winners in
the u war production areas of the
nation, and will be sent to Wash
ington to be received and honored
by high government officials.
Every woman war worker. mar
ried or single. regardless of age,
is a candidate for the MISS VIC
TORY title.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-10-22
AT ALL PRODUCTION POSTS

These patriotic feminine work
ers operate drill presses. serve as
inspectors and testers, and do the
hundred and one other tasks nee
essary in a modern mass produc-
ton war plant.
And for every one of The women
so employed. a man has been re-
leased 70 serve his country IN some
other vital capacity-in many in
stances on one Of the current hat
lie fronts of the world.
A number OF these women are
wives -Ff4t4t lte4-S. - Some have
husbands in the armed forces,
many Of whom are already over
seas. Some have sons IN uniform.
Others have a boy friend in olive
drab or navy blue. All realize the
sacrifices American men are MAX
ing in the war effort and are anX-
ious 10 do their part on the home
front.
They are war bond buyers. A
few are air raid wardens, A num-
Der are blood donors. Others dc
Red Cross work. serve on USO
committees. Virtually all CORE
spond with men in uniform sta
toned in army and navy camps
aboard ship. or AT some far-flung
outpost.
From their number may come
MISS VICTORY of MICHIGAN
Today she is somewhere at work
In a Michigan war plant, now un.
aware that she is on her way &c
fame as one of the outstanding
women OF the war.
The Detroit Times will aware
MISS VICTORY of MICHIGAN z
$1,000 war bond and pay all ex,
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1942-10-22
photo by Times STAN Photographic

A winner will he selected by
each individual plant on the basis
of one winner for every 100 women
workers.
All women war workers should
enter the contest Immediately. If
your plant has not yet indicated
it's intention Of joining, then see
your personnel manager and Sug-
geSt ne write TO MISS VICTORY
CONTEST EDITOR, Detroit
Times. Detroit. Mich. All contest
rules and details viii be sent 10
him.
SiebenbuÌˆrgisch-Amerikanisches Volksblatt. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1917-1971, 1942-11-26
Die Welt blicki mach Nordafrika

r5rdger bes Treibetslidts, oas sic
mabre Seele Sranfreifs it,"
Cine Der bemerfenstperteiten
&unofunfienber fam aus ser Sir.
fei - einem ,neutralen" 2ano in
elmer friegeriihen @elt. oNir ite-
ben nun elmer Gbaie bes arieges ge-
esniiber", lagte ser &unoiunf, nin
ser Elm meitreidenoer sfftions- uno
Sffeniipplan ser Mlliierten lib im
Staoilm Der Serluirflid,ung befin-
oct. Die britiihe Sfienlipe BEL 81
alan,ein, Die ben pollen &iid3ug ser
adle er5ipang, mltB nur elm Ieil Ell
mes 8eneralplons geipeien iein, Ser
MN aaa5 Noroairifa erfaBt bat.
Sas 3iel fann acknowledgements
|fein anoeres lein, als bas Sinaus-
perieu Der Mhie aus Dem Mittel=
nicer" slnfara glaubt, oob sic Sf-
lenlipe seitlid in lleberinitimmung
acbraht puroe nit ser ruiiii6en
@interoIIeniipe, Die balo ertpartet
miro. rMan nnlB iid) flarmaden" /,
Iubr Ser tiirfiite Nunoiumf fort,
voaB sic Mnlerifaner, sic ssapan inn
Ea5ifif alfsebalten baben uno sort
id)on sur Sffeniipe iibergegangen
iinb, in ser Gage paren, cine meite-
re Nrmee bon 100000 Mann iiber
Gen sltlantif sll bringen uno iie an
Ser norbafrifaniihen 2iiite su lan-
0en."
Sn Der &riegsba,lptitaot unieres
dinelilfen Iaiierten vSiinoeten" Ole
Nafrlften iiber Die amerifaniihe
Sffenlipe, lmo nGbungting mar nit
Grtrablattern iiberlhmemmt, iobalo
Die gtahribten aus 2onoon gei,tnft
wuroen." ltno Hrime Ntiniiter
Gburbia erfldrte in elmer Huno-
flmflenoung, oaB noer Yr1lioent
Ser Sereinieten Staaten, ser Sber-
fomnlanolerenoe Ser amerifaniiden
Streitfrdfte, Ser sllltpr oieies mif-
tlgen llnternebnlens iit."