davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1941-02-05
Brazil Stands With u. S.
Cooperation With America and Continental
Solidarity Policy Keystones, Aronho Says

States and other countries OF this
continent. Progress in this direction
has been remarkable and accounts
for the satisfactory economic condi-
ton of Brazil despite the sudden dis
location of its normal trade. In
1889 the 20 American republics
absorbed 465 per cent of the total
Brizilian exports.
Before the war we imported from
the American continent 1872 per cent
of our total imports. At the present
time that has been increased to 634
per cent. At the same time indus
trial expansion, which is proceeding
very rapidly, is increasing our impor-
tation of consumption goods. The
most significant fact of Brazilian
economy today is the decreasing
Importance of European markets and
the enormously increased impor-
tance of American markets"
O. 3: What is the Brazilian atti-
tude to continental solidarity and
hemisphere defense?"
A. 8: Continental solidarity is
one of the mainsprings of Brazilian
policy. AS consequence of the war,
this characteristic of Brazilian pol
icy has been strengthened. President
Getulio Vargas in a recent speech
laid great emphasis to his affirma-
tions that Brazil is ready to coop
crate fully with other nations of
this continent in hemisphere de-
fenSe."
Cooperation to Strengthen Ties.
@. 4: What should be done to
make Brazilian relations with the
United States even better than they
are at present?'
A. 4: "Co-operatiOn in all forms
Of economic and commercial activi-
ties constitutes the only policy for
two countries so interdependent as
the United States and Brazil"
@. 5: Would Brazil cooperate
with the United States for the es-
tablishment of pan-American hem
isphere defense bases if they should
be necessary"
A. 5: THE answer to this question
is already included in the answer
to question No. 3. Brazil will par
icipate fully in every measure OF
defense accepted by the consensus
of the American countries"
At this point came the question
referring to Brazils attitude if the
United States entered the war. the
answer to which has already been
quoted. Finally. I asked whether
Brazil had any totalitarian sympa-
thies, as is sometimes said in the
United States.
DR.. Aranha answered: ANY un-
biased visitor. even after very
short stay in Brazil, can answer that
question in the negative The to-
talitarian conception is against all
the deep-seated principles of Bra
lillian life, which is dominated by
belief in the individual and his
inherent right to decide by himself
on questions Of conscience"
Evening star., 1941-02-05
Mr.. Wilkes Future

paid outside of the city of New
York. These tariffs or virtual i'm
port duties on interstate commerce
by local units of government were
never since the beginning of the
Republic supposed to be constitu-
tional. But the present Supreme
Court sanctions such tariffs inside
the United States. That's why
reading Supreme Court decisions
nowadays produces many head
ache for the lawyers and ever SO
many for the clients. This is what
is called reconstruction" of the
Supreme Court. Destruction of
basic principles of guidance here
tofore applied in American juriS-
prudence for decades would be a
more apt Characterization. But
when Supreme Court justices are
picked from the political family of
insiders who have been zealously
active in forwarding the political
policies of the very administration
which rewards them with judge
ships opportunistic decisions can be
expected.
Reproduction Rights Reserved)
Evening star., 1941-02-05


who provide for than
Italy and Japan?
military power democrace
following intelligent path putting
All these facts we'll known in Washington and
endeavoring
confusion rebellion
Western
possible and
will quickly through Congress.
Evening star., 1941-02-05
Mount Rainier Council
Authorizes Better Liqhts

Installation of more powerful
lights on Thirtieth street between
Bunker Hill road and Mount Rain
ier School has been authorized by
the Mayor and Council, it was an
nounced today.
More powerful lights also were
authorized at other locations as a
result of a lighting survey
Mayor Norman A. Pruitt also an
nounced that the Council has in
dorsed the efforts of the parent
teacher associations of the Mount
Rainier and Brentwood Elementary
Schools to build and equip play
grounds.
A proposal to improve an area
Evening star., 1941-02-05
Compulsory Training
Lenqthened by Canada
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
OTTAWA, Feb. Establishment
of four-month compulsory military
training period in place of the pres
ent 80 days and complete reorgan-
ization of the training program to
graduate 72,OO0 recruits year has
been announced by Prime Minister
Mackenzie King.
The new program will start operat-
ing March IS, when 5000 to $500
men will enter camps. Additional
groups of the same number will be
called up for the 18th of each ensu-
ing month.
On July IS the first group will
have been graduated, and similar
number will be turned out on the
18th of every month thereafter, with
at least $4,000 men constantly in
training.
This program will require only
72 900 to $4,000 recruits a year, COM
pared with approximately 250,00C
under the original scheme and the
Prime Minister said it would appear
likely the men required would al
ways be available from the 21-year-
old class.
Evening star., 1941-02-05
Our Long Time Interest in South Pacific

notable
in which
useful aligned Australia
japanese Three this
American wound will
1908 when President Roosevelt the United States Fleet
the world Fighting
Bob month Australian
ceedng the Philippines Establishment diplomatic
Australia further the which
this comradep British dominion
Japans adhesion the CermanIaan wisdom
defensive with the prospective
result should critical conditions the South Pacific
which might the United States the Dutch Indies
standing shoulder
would
for
Evening star., 1941-02-05
Hungarian Parliament
Approves Two Treaties
Nv the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
BUDAPEST, Hungary, Feb. s.
Hungary's adherence to the Rome
Berlin-Tokio pact in November and
the conclusion Of a special friend
ship treaty with Yugoslavia Decem-
Der IL were approved unanimously
without debate yesterday by the
Lower House of Parliament.
Hungarians expressed belief the
Yugoslav agreement would assure
peace between the two nations, even
if the war should spread to the
Balkans
Authoritative sources discounted
the possibility that Hungarian men,
bership in the axis might rupture
relations between Budapest and
Washington if the United States
became belligerent. They said
Hungary and Great Britain still
maintain normal relations and the
axis has made no complaint"
The agreement with Yugoslavia
was the last by the late Count
Stefan Csaky, Foreign Minister, who
died two weeks ago.
Evening star., 1941-02-05

made depletion the defensive
already have understanding with the United covering
Pacific
Australian Minister in Washington has been comforting with Secretary
Hull
While all the officials question
possible
the United States This would doubtless the drabliy
facilities Australia New these
various speakng interests Melbourne dispatches state that in
of Minister
plans the United States confer with President Roosevelt
Evening star., 1941-02-05
Panama Has Nozi Leoninos

The situation
republics Panama
NaI leanngs the
trouble there sometime this appears be a
President Geuio still
but number of
warning the President
States at the expense of the axis
Army officers South America had
Berlin
instructors have been republics
The oatarian military missions
the memory of their efficiency still
Many officers
German military forces cannot be defeated They also believe
slim Withstand
believe that the England
be
continue to antagonze the Germans
These elements Vargas careful
Evening star., 1941-02-05
Washington Observations
Jupun's Aggressive Designs Bring u. S.,
Australia and New Zealand Into Closer Ties
By FREDERIC WILLIAM VILE.

Rapidly developing manifesng Japans
apparently
Zealand
community of interests promoted by apans recent in debating
Thaand ndoChna practically
Frances domain
the through
Philippines
Zealand would be menacd Their cherished
would basis
Monday that
Evening star., 1941-02-05

| When I asked him fatty what
course Brazil would take in case OF
war between the United States and
Germany, Dr. Aranha answered, 'if
that event should take place-and
the majority in Brazil do not believe
in the actual entry Of the United
States into the war-Brazil's atti-
tude will be strongly influenced by
the sentiment of American solidarity
and by recognition that any decision
of such magnitude by the United
States could only be taken on just
grounds"
After several amiable meetings
with the handsome. subtle-mindeo
and good-humored Aranha, he con-
sented to answer series of ques-
tions in writing. My last meeting
with him was particularly interest
ing because third person was pres
ent-the redoubtable Gen. Goes
Monteiro, chief of staff Of the
Brazilian Army and one of the two
or three most important men in
Brazil.
Rumors Apparently in Error.
There had been rumors, particu-
larly in the last few weeks since
the "Baje incident" that DR.. Aranha
and Gen. Monteiro did not see eye
to eye in Brazilian foreign and
defense policies. The Bale incl
dent" occurred early in January at
Lisbon when a shipment of German
arms bought by Brazil was stopped
in transit. Certain personages in the
army deeply resented the loss TO
Brazil of these arms and blamed
the civilian ministers as we'll as the
British
But when I met them, DR.. Aranha
and Gen Monteiro talked, laughed
and goSsiped together in circum-
stances of such complete intimacy
and cordiality that it was hard TO
believe there could ever have been
serious differences between them
The questions to DR.. Aranha and
his answers were as follows:
al. What are the basic guiding
principles of Brazilian foreign pol
icy?"
A. /. Brazil is peaceful coun-
try. From this innermoSt attitude
Brazilian foreign policy is guided
by a desire to live peacefully with
all nations. Hence respect for in
ternational obligations, a policy OF
non on-intervention in internal affairs
of other states, practice of arbitra-
ton. which are invariable tenets of
Brazilian international life Another
great principle which guides the for
eign policy of Brazil is that of
American solidarity. Brazil's destiny
is bound up with the destiny of the
American continent, so its foreign
policy must be first and principally
dictated by pan American realities.
Strictly Neutral.
@. 2. What is the Brazilian at
titude toward the war in Europe?"
A. 2. The Brazilian attitude to
the European war is one of strict
neutrality as defined by the Brazilian
neutrality law. The war has Gre
ated a serious problem for Brizilian
commerce, which has had to adapt
itself suddenly to the loss of i'm
portant outlets for Brazilian prod
ucts. Prior to the war, Brazil i'm
ported from Europe an average of
275 per cent of its total imports
and exported to Europe 44.5 per
cent of its total exports. The ef-
feet of the war was greatly to re-
duce these figures.
Brazil reacted to these adverse
conditions by Immediately increas-
ing her trade with the United
Evening star., 1941-02-05

Capitol,
object manifest probable
Mr. Wilkes Future
Wendell Wilkes public largely
Foreign Relations
eaSe-end bill That he will find himself ranged
O. standard bearer believe
ndianan both patriotic politics
principles of the proposition because
overwhelming public Mr. Wilkes
friends confident he could adopt attitude better designed to keep
the result
that President Roosevelt will
kind the administration of the
ease-end
Evening star., 1941-02-05

III II1t popularity OF Lhe UnlLed
States in the Latin American conti-
nent.
Insidious elements throughout
the Western Hemisphere are taking
advantage of the ever-present desire
for political power in Latin Ameri-
can countries. and revolutions. like
that in Cuba, may be started in the
course Of the year.
There Is nothing to indicate
that totalitarian agents are directly
Evening star., 1941-02-05

rather interesting results.
HALIFAX CRITICIZED FOR
CONGRESS VISITS"
IF Halifax had any important
disclosures, Congress should be tod
about Them shouted Representa-
tive Dirksen, Republican, Of Illinois.
"On the day Of the bombing 7
left my husband and son eating
breakfast and took little Helen down
70 the grocer's to get our daily
ratlOns. A raid started. I ran with
the baby in my arms TO a nearby
shelter. There We stayed hudd.ed
together. We could hear the planes
fly low and feared they might ma
chine gun people in the streets. Then
bombs began to crash. crash. crash.
Then my baby started 10 sing, Just
as she did in our little shelter at
home. And all the other children
joined in. Their little voices filed
the shelter. I kept thinking of nv
husband, Of my son. Were they
safe?"
Evening star., 1941-02-05

" dSIlulSJOn ana
now ri Is
astute and in
fuential foreign
minister, told
this correspond
ent in an ex-
elusive interview
that continental
solidarity a n d
close co-opera-
ton with the
United States
are keyStones of
BraZil'S foreign
policy in this
moment of world
crisis.
Evening star., 1941-02-05

gentine going to dispose of its raw
materials? The totalitarian agents
provide the answer willingly: To
German-dominated Europe as soon
as the war is over. These agents
are striving to convince the Ar
gentine that there is no longer a
question of who will win the war.
And as soon as the war is over, they
say. the old economic standards
will disappear and gold will be as
obsolete as milking by hand in
Evening star., 1941-02-05

law Oh Tile ldIlu,
Overruling deci-
sions Of lon g
standing would
not in it s e | f
cause diSmay,
were it not for
the fact that the
court. now DOM
mated by New
Deal judges, has
taken upon it
self TO blaze a
new trail in con-
stantly upSetting
pre- C e d e n t s
which have stood
for decades.
Evening star., 1941-02-05
Friends in Brazilian Army

German agents have friends in the Brazilian and
showing them from the military
the United States defense effort
made public
if a American
these diplomats military intimate
lives and pospers does not like the proAmerican
Brazilian leaders And they that
we'll there might be trouble President
policies.
South ideals
conceivaby in
hands o troubemakers.
Evening star., 1941-02-05

limitations on presidential powers
and the extent to which Congress
should relinquish control of either
1.-The sword or the purse" Thus there
is every prospect, at this stage of the
measures stormy career, that by the
time it is enacted nothing will have
been done to nullify its fundamental
purpose of converting this country
into an arsenal for democracy"
on the most extensive and rapid
scale possible. Some harsh iso-
Evening star., 1941-02-05
Japan, Russia 10 Discuss
Trade Route 10 Germany

BY the FSSOCIaTed PTtSo.
TOXIC, Feb. 5.-Koh IShii, infor-
nation bureau official, said yesterday
smooth rans-shipment of japanese
goods to Germany would be among
the proposals discussed in Japanese
Soviet Russian commercial negotia-
tions expected to be resumed soon.
He said Soviet Premier-Foreign
Commissar Vyacheslaff Molotoff had
indicated a willingness to resume
the trade talks as soon as japanese
delegates were selected
Conversations were suspended late
last year, when, it was announced,
the conferees discovered their "ob-
iectiyes were TOO far apart"
Evening star., 1941-02-05

known as the Hoover tract, con-
tanning about As acres, between
Eastern avenue and Twenty eighth
street is being studied by town
officials.
Evening star., 1941-02-05

carried the state
ments Of men
opposin G the
aid = to = Britain
bill. P a g e IL
printed a letter
dated January 3.
1941. from Edith
Hobbs, an Eng
liShWoman who
wanted to thank
American con-
trl b u tors to
British war re-
lie 7 h a Y 2
scrambled I n 9
two stories to-
Evening star., 1941-02-05
Turkey Dinner Tomorrow

A turkey dinner will be held to-
morrow from to 7:30 pm. in
Walker Chapel Church, Arlington,
Va, under auspices of the Church
Activities Circle.
Evening star., 1941-02-05
Fisheries Commission Named.

MOSCOW. Feb. ia Soviet
japanese mixed commission has
been appointed to negotiate a per-
manent fisheries agreement and set
tie long standing difficulties over
Japanese exploitation of Russia S
Far Eastern waters, it was an
nouriced.
Evening star., 1941-02-05

the axis is pressing Japan to attack
the United States. Ever since Brit
aims pre-occupation with war in
Europe and the defense of her home
islands, Australia and New Zealand
have looked toward America in con-
neCtion with the Japanese danger.
Their interest probably became acute
when the British found it necessary
to strip Singapore of both naval and
air strength Australian planes sent
to Singapore have only partially
Evening star., 1941-02-05
By JOHN GUNTHER.

RIO DE JANEIRO, Feb. 5 (N.A
NA).-That great friend of the
United States, DR.. Oswaldo Aranha,
formerly Brazilian Ambassador to
Evening star., 1941-02-05
Situation in Argentina

An although there
appeal
vested wheat
tell them that circumstances will the United able
the
Evening star., 1941-02-05
Scrambled
Story Of Aid
ToB Britain
Debate InterIined
With Description
Of Bombing
BY JAY FRANKLIN.

This column was not written by
me. 1t was written on pages l and
II of the New York Herald Tribune
OF February 4, l941. The front page
Evening star., 1941-02-05
Col. J. w. Williams Dies

SAN FRANCISCO, Feb. 5 (P).-
Col Joseph White Williams, 81,
chief engineer of the Western Pa
cif1c Railroad for 10 years, died
yesterday
Evening star., 1941-02-05

HE opinions OF the Urers this page their not
necessarty The Stars Such opinions presented in The
Stars effort to all sides OF questions interest to its
readers although such opinions be contradictory
themselves and directly opposed to The Stars
Evening star., 1941-02-05
This Changing World
Outbreak in Cubo Is Feared as Sign
Of Things to Come in Lotin America
By CONSTANTINE BROWN.

The surprising outbreak in Cuba which President Fgenco Ba
que
of things
1t is longer secret that there
Evening star., 1941-02-05
Little Opposition to British Aid

Noteworthy thus hearings easend bill
R.
Evening star., 1941-02-05

involved the Cuban
dduas who thought they should the
nlbbe at themselves
the present time since there might so00O0O from
the United
Evening star., 1941-02-05
Law of Land
Held Further
Confused
Precedents Are Upset
By Supreme Court,
Observer Says
By DAVID LAWRENCE.

The Supreme Court this week has
added further confusion to those
whose duty it is to endeavor to
advise the citizen on what is the
Evening star., 1941-02-05

L. S, MEN. MONEY, ARMS"
The money and materials were
in this bill leaSe- lend, and the
President would be justified by its
terms to carry out the full impllCa-
tions Of our entrance in the war"
said Mr. LaFollette defeated Pro-
gresslve Governor Of Wisconsin,.
"An afraid warden poked his
head into the shelter. Above the
children's singing he shouted that
the all-clear' signal had gone.
Il took Helen in my arms and ran
home. I was almost home and Just
around the corner. Mrs. Miller,
neighbor, ran toward me. Your
home was all she could say. 'your
home She took Helen and I went
on alone There, my house had
been. II was now a huge crater. 50
wide and deep. I walked 10 II some
how and started looking among the
pitiful rubble for my husband, for
my only SON"
Said Norman Thomas, a former
minister Of the Gospel and usually
the Socialist candidate for the pres
idency of the United States: Now
in the name Of defending democracy.
you, its guardians, are proposing 10
give back to the Executive determI-
nation of war and peace. In the
name Of helping England you are
initiating Germany"
The relief squad was already on
hand. There was no time for words.
No time for tears They started
digging out the rubble. I think 7
helped them. For four hours thev
dug. They found John with his
leg broken. But he was smiling.
So they continued to dig and I kept
up my hope. Kept reminding my
self that the little Jones girl had
been buried under for two davs
before they found her-and of the
hundreds Of other cases I knew.
Three hours later they found nv
husband. He had tainted and his
ribs were crushed. They put him
on stretcher and took him to the
hospital. In few days the hospital
news was encouraging. My husband
and son would not die. They would
live. But they would be laid up for
months"
WHEELER BIDS Roosevelt r
SPECIFY AMOUNT OF AID. ASKS
HOW FAR HE'D HELP BRITAIN?
HOW MUCH HE HAS ALREADY"
And so forth and so on.
The administration rests its case
on the fact that blood is thicker
than the skull of an appeaSer; that
between us and those who regularly
bomb these civilian objectives"-
named John and Helen and living
in little homes very like the house
next door-there is great gulf fixed
far wider than the Atlantic Ocean
and deep as hell itself; that a peo-
pie whose babies sing in the air.
raid shelters while the bombs crash
outside is worth riSking a lot to
help and worth risking more to save.
Phil LaFollette is a highly intelli-
gent young man and Norman
Thomas is an eloquent orator. But
there is blood on the hands of those
who advise us to pass by on the
other side lest we, by some chance,
should hurt ourselves in the process
of helping a great and gallant nation
to save itself, and with itself, to
save civilization
Evening star., 1941-02-05
PHILIP LA TOILETTE ASSERTS
FRANCE IN 20 EXPECTED

L. S. MEN. MONEY, ARMS"
The money and materials were
in this bill lease-Iend1, and the
President would be justified by its
terms to carry out the full impllCa-
tions Of our entrance in the war"
said Mr.. LaFollette defeated Pro-
gresslve Governor Of Wisconsin,.
Evening star., 1941-02-05

WHEELER BIDS Roosevelt r
SPECIFY AMOUNT OF AID. ASKS
HOW FAR HE'D HELP BRITAIN?
HOW MUCH HE HAS ALREADY"
The Wilmington morning star., 1941-02-06

words. they reaWakened the cap.
tain's anger. He sat upright; his
ewes. under their shaggy brows,
cleaned balefully. .
"Are you daring to stand up for
her impudence?" he demanded.
.No, Father, you know I am not.
Your wishes are law to every one
here"
Except Althea," he snorted. Il
won't have it, I tell you. Twill
not-have-it!!" His stick thumped
angrily, emphasizing every word.
Now that the boy sees fit to DO
something worth while, to give our
family's exploits proper recogni-
ton, do you think I'll have MIN
thwarted by a froward chit! what
do you mean by such a question?
What do you mean by it," Again
the stick came into play.
81 was asking for youl own
She hesitated as though not quite
certain what word to use.
"Well?" testify. Finish what
you want to say, Beulah, but
warn you, I will not be badgered
in this way. If I can't have peace
under my own rooftree, Althea can
Just take her traps and go else
where. Why, oh, why, did Cary
leave her that money? She has
been a thorn in my flesh ever since
nineteen-twelve!" He sighed heav'
lily as he spoke. A sigh echoed by
those about me.
It wasn't by any means the first
long breath which had surged
through the room. I had been
acutely conscious of the others re
actions to Miss Althea's words and
her fathers anger, although my
keenest attention was focused upon
tie conversation between Mrs.
Gould and her father.
"Well?" he snapped again.
81 meant only this, Father. Can
it be possible that there is some,
thing in our family records which
Althea is DESTROYS of keeping Sc
cret. Something you do not know?
You know she has read those OLD
papers more than the rest of US