davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily monitor. (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1940-1942, 1941-08-28
Take It Easy

Or. J. r. williams. of Columbia
University. calls q certain class OF
people physical illiterateS." They
are the folks who do not know
how to play. They cannot dance,
swim, ride horseback. or take part
In any Of the popular games like
tennis or squash. These are the
folks for whom are devised most
Of the so-called setting up" exer-
ciseS. They can be persuaded more
easily TO carry out exercises In the
privacy Of their rooms than they
can be coaxed into competing with
others In games.
Or. Williams contention is that
eli exercise should be planned to-
ward making US more efficient I'm
our usual habits Of living. He does
not believe In breathing exercises
- such, saying that the exercise
ne take should be designed to
make u breathe deeply as q mat
ter Of course.
Much stress Is placed by all d.
rectofs Of physical education upon
using natural movements. "Avoid
rieidlty" Il one Of the oft-repeated
rules. Take It easy. but stretch and
stretch until al the muscles feel
the stimulus Of fresh blood and
new oxygen.
There d On art. too. In relaxing
eince that u the normal reaction
following the stretching of q mus
ole. Among the first principles
taught IN physical education is to
allow the arms or legs to 90 limp,
"a those faraway days Of Del
1afte," when physical culture was
lust coming into attention. we got
9 lot Of bruises trying TO learn to
tall full length without hurting
ourselves. We take It easier now.
The daily monitor. (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1940-1942, 1941-08-28
Fashions for Men
By BARCLAY SWAIN =

thing Finally, the great lot OF us
follow suit and we all CAD about IN
cocoanut straws. hello Stacks. and
yellow plush shoes with green rub
Der SoleS.
Mr.. Twyefort detects a current
tendency toward conservatism.
which he probably regrets. He says
that brown Is going TO be big.
which means that q man will have
to buy new accessories to 60 with
this color. Just back from London.
he showed us enormous glen plaids
1.-TWO or three will be all that show
cream for cleansing, be sure to re-
combinations.
Cash m ere overcoats. sports
jackets and suits are In his line.
Twilight blue Is the strongest
color In evening clothes. One Of
his vests for one OF these suits had
q shawl collar with satin facing.
Most extreme was blue velveteen
tail coat. which should certainly
please the man who wants TO b
entirely different.
Among Twyeffort's handwoven
cloths we're some which We had
never seen before and which were
really handsome. Even the Done
gals, worsteds and conservative
fabrics were OF q quality and color
such as one sees only on the man
to whom satisfaction Is everything
and cost nothing.
The daily monitor. (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1940-1942, 1941-08-28

No amount Of exercise will do Us
much good unless we loosen up
and let our bodies have q chance
to enjoy q new sense Of living. We
do not need to SLOUGH or droop for
ward. nor do We have to walk stin-
y and without yielding to the mo-
tlon. Don't be afraid to swing your
arms, even II It Is not polite &C.
cording 70 Emily Post.
The tendency to hold oneself
sti0 and refuse to yield to the easy
movements Of the muscles Is the
reason 20 many people cannot
learn 10 swim. This Il one Of the
best Of exercises because, like walk
ing. Il calls on Ill the body for
movement. Folks who naturally
swim well keep saying. Don't be
sfEaid-yust let yourself 60" That
n easy to say but not TO do.
Water has the power TO sustain
heavy loads On It's surface. but the
tense muscles Of the person who
cannot swim will prevent his
breathing In air and presently he
goes to the bottom.
Swimming can be INDUCED In
for long periods Of time without
OVERRIDING II one alternately strokes
and rests until the entire system
Il relaxed. Thus. for those who
know how. IL Is an excellent way
for working out" the muscles.
The trouble with many forms Of
workouts Is that the person who
most needs the exercise does not
study how TO get the most out Of
Il. Watch the person who plays
tennis. or even 80 simple q game
- croquet. The grip on the handle
Of the racket or mallet Is so stiff
and tight that the muscles are
tensed. So much stress Is put on
the stance" In golf that often
wonder how the player can con-
centrate on where he Is about to
knock the ball.
The daily monitor. (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1940-1942, 1941-08-28
MILDLY Blouse L
Growing Style
By ELEANOR GUM

NEW YORK-A worthy success
~ sor to the shirtwaist dress Is
the MILDLY blouse dress. favorite
Of the moment.
The smartest MILDLY dresses seen
TO date are developed In two fab
RIGS. one either striped or plaid,
and the other plain. Sometimes
the MILDLY Is OF the novelty fabric,
sometimes the skirt. The UMPIRE
dictable element In this type OF
costume Is It's best feature.
It isn't every figure that can
wear a MILDLY costume but almost
any normal figure can II the
MILDLY Is cut In proportion to the
figure.
On hot days. the broomstick or
other type skirt. with casu a
blouse. Is the best substitute for
the shirtwaist dress. II one feels
that another shirtwaist dress does
not quite fill the bill. which. as a
matter OF fact. 1t does. The model,
in it's various ramifications. Is not
passe. far from 1t, just less worn
than usual.
Since so many of our best sports
models come from the West Coast,
the natural shades Of native Cali
fornia stone are featured. These
colors are malachite blue. serpen-
tine green, opalite wine. amethyst,
chlorite green. azurite blue. red
jasper. desert clay, gossin gold
sandstone brown.
It Is a good place to mention
also that surface decorations are
going over In big way. In au-
tumn collections one finds self
fabric. embroideries and appliances
and all sorts of interesting braid
ing ideas.
The daily monitor. (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1940-1942, 1941-08-28
Fletcher Martin
Gains i'm Fame
AS Painter
BY TALBOT LAKE

4 S WE perambulate around the
"A art galleries. we have at last
come to notice a school Of paint
ing that can be called American.
It seems rapidly to be freeing It
self of the influence OF Europe. not
only in content, but also In style.
Unbeknownst to the artist, the
style Is based on magazine illus
trations. advertising Illustrations
and the comic pages. Out Of the
three arises an art form that Is
very legitimate and fine. Though
1t Is real and natural-looking. 1t
isn't Photographic. because 1t Is
distorted or emphasized In details.
Always 1t shows plenty Of zip
and movement, power and story.
Fletcher Martin Is as good an ex-
ample Of this type Of painter as
any we have seen. He loves to
paint DRINKS singing at bars. cow
boys bulldogging steers. sailors
scrapping, boxers In the ring. la
dies Of doubtful reputation. fugi-
tives. horses going to the post. a
sailor necking his girl at q bar and
griffin short. life In Its rawest.
The paintings. in bright colors
with bold sweeping strokes. Just
whizz. They are q lot Of fun.
Martin is 81. the son Of . coun-
try editor who ran newspapers In
Idaho, Colorado and washington.
He paints the Navy q lot because
he Joined in 1922 and served four
years. He gained quite . rep while
there as q boxer.
Martin settled In California.
worked as q printer and went to
art school at night. Self taught. he
won q $500 prize in 1884 1t ALL
California Exhibition. Since then
he has won many more. and done
important murals. including the
Departments $4,000
competition for the San Pedro
Federal Building. Museums hang
Martins paintings and he was In
structor Of advanced painting at
the University Of Iowa. where he
had taken Grant Woods Job last
year. Martin has now taken over
Thomas Benton's work ut the
Kansas City Art Institute. Both
Wood and Benton are older men,
bers of the same lysty school OF
American painting to which Mar.
tin belongs.
Martin is big. husky man. with
shock OF black hair and a big
handlebar mustache to match. He
doesn't look like an artist. or what
the general public conceives one to
be. His friends call him "Fletch."
The daily monitor. (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1940-1942, 1941-08-28
PICTURE WINDOWS

II your home has the new wide.
wide windows that are being called
picture windows" here's q warn
ing. Buy enough curtains so that
the effect Is one Of generous full
ness. You may need two or three
pGirs to q window. In the soft.
fine lace net curtains. the fuller
they are the prettier they look. II
the curtains are very wide. you
may be able TO use one pair or two
panels at q window. II they're not
be sure TO get extras. This goes
for double windows In homes and
apartments, too.
The daily monitor. (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1940-1942, 1941-08-28

able clothing, shoes that do not
bind, and stockings that do not
rub. Otherwise, we shall f1nd our
selves fAvoring some tender spot.
and defeating the purpose Of the
exercise by assuming . cramped
posture. We get the most good out
Of walking when we forget where
we are going or how we look and
Just enjoy the rhythmic movement
that propels US forward. We can
soon feel the fresh impulse In mus
cles and the new blood In the skin.
The daily monitor. (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1940-1942, 1941-08-28

for deaf chill.
dren. Here un-
der expert care
she will learn
how to I q | k
cher speech at
present Is lin
tied. her artic-
ulaton so poor
t h a t o n ] y
m e m erS OF
the immediate
family are able
to understand
herr. She will
learn to r e q d
and write, as
,,,ov1 ~ ,,o ~SAs,u
The daily monitor. (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1940-1942, 1941-08-28

. u re OF your
Judgment l n
little things.
Xix Q choosing
h e costume
colors that do
things foryour
skin, eyes and
hair: finding q
coi6ure t ha t
sets OF y on r
features: your
ability to speak
well: to choose
t h e RI 6 h t
shade Of lip
8 tic k, or Q
sense OF per-
The daily monitor. (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1940-1942, 1941-08-28
DINNERS
Braised Liver
Broccoli. Drawn Butter and
Bread Crumbs
Pineapple and Cheese Salad
Layer Cake with Chocolate
Butter Frosting
Coffee
Cream Of Celery Soup
Meat Balls I'm Tomato Sauce
Buttered Noodles Buttered Feas
Plantation Marble Cake
Coffee

Divide batter into two parts. To
one part, add spices and molasses.
Put by tablespoons into creased
loaf pan 8x4x3 inches, alternating
the light and dark mixtures. Bake
in moderate oven 1850 degrees F.
I hour and IS minutes. or until
done. Spread top and sides with
frosting. II desired.
COFFEE Sparkle
Add a half pint Of vanilla Ice
cream to a pint Of cold. freshly
made regular or decaffeinated cof-
fee. Beat with an egg beater until
creamy. Fill glasses three-fourths
full. then fill with ginger ale.
SPICED COFFEE FOAM
4 cups freshly made coffee
IL whole cloves
2 pieces 3-inch stick cinnamon
lcgg white. beaten still
4 tablespoons sugar
(. cup cream
To coffee. add cloves and stick
cinnamon: chill. To beaten egg
white add I tablespoons sugar
gradually and continue beating
until stiff and glossy. Add Il cup
cream and chilled coffee. Pour into
tall glasses 70 full Of Ice. Serves 4.
LEMONADE WITH ORANGE ICE
II cup lemon juice
u cup sugar syrup
Ice water
Orange Ice
Use 2 tablespoons lemon Juice
and 2 tablespoons sugar syrup TO
each glass. Add ice water to nearly
All glass; float ball OF orange ice
on top.
The daily monitor. (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1940-1942, 1941-08-28

. IA pVkte ~ y
than We really
are. One valu-
alton Is as UNI
desirable q .
the other. We
have IL on the
highest au-
thority t h q {
the meek shall
1 n h e rit the
e q r t h. b U t
there Is plenty
OF evidence TO
t h Q contrary.
In this day
and q 8 Q f.. one
can do nicely
The daily monitor. (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1940-1942, 1941-08-28
NEW IN MOPs

Two OF the brick-shaped cellu-
lose sponges attached to q long
handled frame, make the newest
thing to mop floors. to damp-brush
rugs. or to wash walls. An In
genious but simply operated self
wringer Is built into the frame. All
sorts of soap and water Jobs can
be done without even wetting the
hands.
The daily monitor. (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1940-1942, 1941-08-28

WneIe arc III
dications that,
In h at spot,
I h re Is not
enough move
ment to use up
the fat glob-
ules q n d S o
I h e y are de-
posted.
There Is the
simple exercise
of walking. one
Of the best OF
oil. B u t " e
must be pre-
pared or 1t
NTH r0unf0rf-
The daily monitor. (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1940-1942, 1941-08-28
Beauty Tips

QUESTION:: "Cdn you 0tpe me
any exercises that tyiH make my
hips spider and more sliapelv? They
are pery ndrroU aud straight. tphtle
the rest OF my body IS peu pro-
portioned. I match for your dnsper.
STE"
You don't know how lucky you
are to have straight, narrow hipsl
Most girls want to know how to
reduce theirs. The best exercises
for developing any part OF the body
are slow rhythmic ones. Learn TO
swim or dance well II you wish TO
build muscle. II you need to gain
weight as we'll. try drinking at
least q quart Of whole milk daily
In addition to your regular diet.
In the meantime. take advantage
OF those sweet little dirndl FASH
ions with their close hitting bodices
and full skirts. Several OF these
are being shown for fall.
Professional models know the
Importance Of skin cleanliness.
Using as much makeup rs they
do. they must be especially careful
about getting their skins thorough
IL clean ct the end Of the day. To
do this they practice double
cleansing. Cream Is patted on
briskly until skin CLOVIS. then 10
tissued OF. Then for that deeply
clean look. they wash thoroughly
with warm soapsuds. or repeat the
Dreaming to take of the last bits
of dust or stale makeup. They
finish with skin freshener or plain
water as cold as It comes. This
routine keeps their skins smooth.
young and fresh. -.
The daily monitor. (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1940-1942, 1941-08-28

with q mere pinch Of meekness as
against q pound OF assurance or
confidence. Not arrogance - one
can dispense with that very objec-
tionable quality. It repels rather
than attracts. and nearly always Is
used as q sort OF false front.
The daily monitor. (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1940-1942, 1941-08-28
Schoolgirls
Need Beauty
Schedule
By JACQUELINE HUNT

By JACQUELlNE HUNT
GIRLS are franker these days
than they were when ! went
TO school. Perhaps that Is why
they are SO much better look
Ing now! Teachers encourage
them 70 be pretty. because they
know how important good looks
are after q girl graduates.
You schoolgirls will have more
confidence and poise II you are
The daily monitor. (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1940-1942, 1941-08-28

a festive air can be given to a
practical shower gift Of bath
toxeD ~ . bit Of originality In
lnoech(ug the wrappines 20 the
Ie4t Rattem. THERE'S . new Roses
f ~ Dem deelgn II. Z towel
.u1h = ~ right for . very I'm
49, ep11pQoQg-up." Just tie satin
: TIE soS
The daily monitor. (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1940-1942, 1941-08-28
Iced Coffee and Cakes Make
Tasty Team ON Hot Night
BY JUDITH WILSON

SOMETHING cold and something sweet popular solution
of the refreshment problem evenings This means
many recipes for either cooling bever
ages delicious cakes II taste in the former to iced
you might adding ginger ale ice BOTH
The daily monitor. (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1940-1942, 1941-08-28
These Cooling Beverages Tasty Cakes Assure Your Reputation Hostess
Do You Know Yourself!
Good Idea to Check Up
BY MARIAN MAYS MARTIN

HOW do stand with yourself? Are good terms with
the who faces you the you at odds?
doesn't do to be too pleased with oneself Neither does 1t do
to underestimate that reflection to discount possibilities for
good evil We all have certain
The daily monitor. (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1940-1942, 1941-08-28
Exercise Does Little Good
Unless We Can Relax
Nv CLAUD NORTH CHRISMAN. MD.

WHAT does athletic coach mean when he orders work
OUT? He Just that He wants his athletes TO work OUT
.rv ~ the kinks in their to stretch lazy tissues
let IN new blood and oxygen That is the whole purpose OF
All life are the continual oxidation
The daily monitor. (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1940-1942, 1941-08-28

And for an extra plus Of variety,
there's Spiced Coffee Foam that's
worth Q trial.
Should you go for fruit Juice
drinks, you will like lemonade with
orange ice. It's good plan to
make up sugar syrup to have on
hand for sweetening fruit drinks.
Boil one cup sugar and two cups
water together five minutes. Cool
and store In covered jar In refrig-
orator. With iced coffee. on the
other hand. pass the powdered
sugar. SO that your guests can suit
themselves.
Any little cakes-cup cakes or
cookies-may be served with iced
beverages. But to make splurge
you will bake your favorite layer
and loaf cakes and serve them on
o platter cut in dainty slices. And
should you wish to try my pet cake
recipes. here they are.
LAYER CAKE WITH
CHOCOLATE BUTTER
FROSTING
cups sifted cake -four
teaspoons dou BILE acting
baking powder
y. teaspoon salt
:s cup butter or other
shortening
cup sugar
3cgg yolks, well beaten
u cup milk
teaspoon vanilla
3egg whites, stiffly beaten
To sifted -four add baking pow
der and salt and sift together three
times. Cream butter thoroughly.
add sugar gradually. and cream
together until light and fluffy. Add
egg yolks; then flour. alternately
with milk. small amount at a
time. beating after each addition
until smooth. Add vanilla and fold
In egg whites Bake In two creased
9-inch layer pans In moderate
oven 1875 degrees F. IS or 80
minutes. Spread tops and sides OF
cakes with Chocolate Butter Frost
Ing
CHOCOLATE BUTTER
FROSTING
tablespoons butter
2cups sifted confcctioners'
sugar
~ teaspoon vanilla
Dash Of salt
liz squares unsweetened
chocolate. melted
tablespoons milk tabout)
Cream butter. Add part Of sugar
gradually. blending after each adj
dition. Add vanilla, salt and choc-
olate and mix we'll. Add remaining
sugar. alternately with milk. until
Of right consistency to spread. Beat
after each addition until smooth.
PLANTATION MARBLE CAKE
cups sifted cake -four
2 teaspoons double acting
baking powder
Il teaspoon salt
u cup butter or other
shortening
cup sugar
eggs. well beaten
"a cup milk
teaspoon cinnamon
u teaspoon each cloves. and
nutmeg
2 tablespoons molasses
To sifted nour add baking pow
der and salt and sift together 3
times. Cream butter thoroughly.
add sugar gradually. Dreaming to-
gether until light and fuf1y. Add
eggs: then add flour alternately
with milk. q little at q time. Beat
after each addition until smooth
The daily monitor. (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1940-1942, 1941-08-28

Of the different factors that make
up the anatomy. When We quit
taking In new oxygen and allow
inr It to be used In the body. we
ROW sluggish. Layers OF fat any
The daily monitor. (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1940-1942, 1941-08-28

This Ay.front plaid suit is
one OF the young styles feet.
ured for college girls this fall.
Note the little exirs watch.
pocket at the wsistIins. high
dseuerreefyPe revers end
biss.plsstsd skirt. Red.ereen-
yellow ovsrplsid on tones Of
brown.
The daily monitor. (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1940-1942, 1941-08-28
COOKING TIP

Do not thaw out frozen fooo
until it is to be used. Once
thawed. the food should all b!
used.
The daily monitor. (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1940-1942, 1941-08-28

more than others, but It's up TO Us
how we use or abuse It.
Some Of US do not realize our
own strength or influence. More Of
US think we are stronger or more
The daily monitor. (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1940-1942, 1941-08-28
Deaf Girl Finds
Boarding School
Is Beneficial
BY JANE HERBERT COWARD

WHEN school starts. six-year-old
w Marcia, who Is totally deaf In
one ear and whose hearing In the
other ear Is only about IS per cent
perfect, will be boarded In school
The daily monitor. (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1940-1942, 1941-08-28
Il cup lemon juice
u cup sugar syrup
Ice water
Orange Ice
Short Cuts
Egg yolks will keep for sew
cral days II placed In a cup
and covered with cold water.

G8B yVthS VIII ACCR W. oNN
craI days ~ placed In a cup
and covered with cold water.
In pouring q carbonated bever-
age. pour slowly down the side Of
the glass. so that 1t doesn't bubble
up-and don't stir. Thus 1t Is pos
sible to preserve the carbonation
as long as possible and keep the
drink from going nat.
When havoring sauces and
desserts with wine. use sherry,
madeira, port or claret.
Before attempting to remove q
freshly baked cake from a pan give
II Ave minutes to cool and shrink
from the sides Of the pan.
Use two coat hangers In
stead Of one, reversing them
50 that the hooks form . cir
Gle. when hanging garments
outdoors - be aired.
The daily monitor. (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1940-1942, 1941-08-28
2 tablespoOns mOIasses

To sifted flour add baking pow
der and salt and sift together 3
times. Cream butter thoroughly.
add sugar gradually. Dreaming to-
gether until light and fluf1y. Add
eggs: then add flour alternately
with milk. q little at q time. Beat
after each addition until smooth
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-12-21

things about the exhibition from
the psychologists point Of view
Ms That Tue familiar heroic scenes
of a gen6ration ago, such as that
of a soldier planting his country's
flag on a conquered fort while
shells explode an around him
are conspicuouslv absent.
Instead. all the paintings and
drawings of the children show an
appreciation Of the grimness and
tragedy of the war a realization
which undoubtedly rs a reflection
of their parents conversation
and mood
Another striking difference be
tween the children Of World War
II and World war Is shown 1T
the impersonal portrayal of the
enemy" While the youngsters
leave no doub, as 20 which side
of the warning factions has their
sympathy. their drawings and
paintings show little tendency 10
depict the execution or death of
individual leaders among the
enemy
This is particularly note
worthy, according TO one psychol-
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-12-21
And APsychoanaIysf Tells WI

osist. because it shows a realiza-
ton of the fact that the present
conflict is between ideologies
rather than peoples
In the picture at the left, for
instance, a 15-year-old boy
skctchcd his idea of an air raid
in the desert 10 romantic shcik,
soldier. camel or other individual
figure has fired his imagination,
Instead. his drawing shows a
keen realization of impersonal
Mcchamzed warfare in which
man is incidental TO the machine
The illustration of the bombing
and destruction of an ocean liner
bv an airplane at the right was
uruwrr ny Il t5=yCarv0tu- gTTt Who
chose it as her concept of the
war. Evidently the numerous
ships sunk in World War II had
greatly impressed her
Another l5-ycar-old boy set
down his feelings about the war
in the sketch at the lower left
Here. too. an touches of glory
are omitted Instead the spirit
of war is shown as Biblical
Moloch ia modern mechanistic
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-12-21
Collected 1852 Ladies Gor+ers

always fewer than women's
Mildred Hardness, also of Eng
land has 76S brassicrcs from
sizes S made for.a porugucsr
midget 20 size - N1sgtialWcss
keeps her collection wrapped iu-
diyidually in ccllophauc envelopes
although few Of the more inter-
estiug items those with witty de-
signs or Of unusual color com
biu7tfuns. arc draped ou plaster
models Of the kind used u linz
gcric shops.
Down in Buonos Aires. Arccu-
tina lives Mario lose Flip dc
Cuchmuroy Principe and his 500
odd pairs OF trousers and oyer
aIls A few dozen pair date back
90 the days Of Tho Conquis'ad6res
and there are trousers Of leather.
lbf human skin % fur Of fclt and
"a tcW az steel that once belonged
10 fIll Euits Of armor
Slips and petiicoats ave the
passion If Signora Girolpi Of
Genoa italy She owns g2l Of
.s. frs' aaa 5.s of Tho latter.
ABOUT 1bl " tbc pcttuoa's are
heriooms great grandma's and
grandma tad IL was these that
inspired tho COLLECTION
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-12-21

-ODA Y $ youngsters are
Il thinking more realistically
j about World War II than
their predecessors ever did about
World War / Gone is the CLAM
our and romance of the former
conflict for modern children see
the battle of ideologics IN terms
Of misery, death and destruction.
This is the conclusion of sew
yral eminent educators and psy-
biologists who recently examined
collection OF paintings and
sketches of the European war
made by Youngsters between the
ages of eight and 10
This collection belonging TO
Or Ernest Harms, New York
medical practitloncT and psyche
analyst who believes that these
products Of chiIdrcn's creative
talents frequently give an eNcex
lent insight into their minds and
thoughts. is believed 10 be of par
ticular significance in studying