davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1941-01-15
Normal College Calendar

TODAY
$50 p m.-Mahemacs Club Banquet Charles McKenny Hall
THURSDAY
1880 p. m.-Viventes, Starkweather Hall
1850 p m'-Ltle Theaer Players Charles McKenny Hall.
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1941-01-15
q. c. Circle In Met

8. c. Circle To Meet
B. c. Circle of the Begole Sunday
School will meet Thursday after
noon at 2 O'Clock, at the home OF
Mrs. Max Lurkins, COS Emmett ST.,
Ypsilanti
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1941-01-15

After a marriage which lasted ~
years. Morton Downey. singer.
and his wife, the former Barbara
Bennett. one-time stage ant
screen dancer, have decided 10
separate, she has announced. The
DowneyS, who live In Hollywood,
have five children. She Is the
daughter OF Richard Bennett,
noted veteran actor. and a sister
OF Joan and Constance Bennett,
screen players.
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1941-01-15
News From BesOIe

Wednesday from Boyer Memorial
Hospital, where he had an opera
ton for appendicitis.
Evening star., 1941-11-22
BY GOULD LINCOLN.

Little business and its prob
lens growing out of the defense
program are giving more and
more concern. Strenuous efforts
are under way to prevent the
fattening of thousands of small
manufacturing plants through
out the country-Which are
threatened with the loss of ma
terials essential to their produc-
ton. Senator OMahoney Of
Wyoming. who has given the
problem study for months, has
obtained promise from the
chairman of the Senate Naval
Affairs Committee, Senator
Walsh of Massachusetts, that
the committee will next Tuesday
consider an OMahoney bill for
the establishment of an agency
before which civilian business
as distinguished from business
producing for military purposes
may have open hearings on
applications for raw materials.
Two courses at least are open
to help save little business con-
Germs. The first is to prevent
unreasonable accumulations of
raw materials in defense plants
materials thai cannot be used
Evening star., 1941-11-22
This Changing World
U. S. Labor Unrest Called Biggest Barrier
To British Invasion on Continent

The British government under
stands Washingtons position
fully, because it has similar prob
lens Of its own.
Neither Washington nor Lon
don is able or willing to take a
leaf out of Hitler's book and ap-
ply it to their laboring classes.
Safe on the Defensive.
Thus the British have to be con-
tent with their existing stocks of
war material and with a system
OF production subject to sporadic
labor troubles. They are able to
maintain themselves safely on the
defensive, but they cannot under
take any major offensive opera
tions as long as the Damocles
sword of strikes hangs over their
heads.
The rejuvenated British high
command is reported to be quite
willing to measure Britain S fight
ing ability against that of the
Nazis on any one of several likely
fronts, but it is being restrained
largely because Of the uncertainty
of American production.
All of EurOpe's industry from
France TO Poland is working
overtime to replace the losses suf-
fered by the German armies in
the Russian campaign
Evening star., 1941-11-22

acres of barber wire, but once inside
their progress was fast and compar-
atively simple.
Learned Lesson Well.
Employing the lessons learned in
their own successful assault, the
British built new defenSes and re-
peatedly threw back German-Ital-
ian attacks in the ensuing counter
siege which began April II.
Cut off from escape by land the
little garrison held out month after
month under almost incessant dive
bombing attacks, artillery bonn
bardments and thrusts by Axis
armored forces.
In defense rivalling the famous
Spanish siege of the AlcaZar, the
British clung stubbornly to the
desert hell spot" even after Ger
man panzers cracked Tobruks outer
defenses in an all-nieht battle on
May l. Three days later. the Axis
0liAtot W 40 lNp pbl tCu ltpuISru.
Flame -Throwers Attack.
Hooded German flame -throWers
next attempted to smoke" the de-
tenders out, but British bullets
Snuffed the assault, and SandStorms
and the terrific heat soon brought
a comparative lull in the struggle
AS the summer dragged by, with
back into Egypt, British warships
reinforced ana provisioned the To-
bruk defenders 2t great risk from
Axis aerial attacks, and by late
July the Tobruk garrison was max
| ing repeated sallies against the
Axis siege lines, keeping German
and Italian forces continually on
the defensive.
AS many as 100 Axis planes
| bombed the town in single assault,
reducing many of the ports white
stucco houses to rubble, but Brit
ish Tommies and their cousin Aus
sizes carried on the traditional tea
drinking and cricket even as bombs
burst and shells screamed overhead.
In Prime Minister Winston
Churchill's words, under orders TO
fight to the death, they were living
"England's finest hour"
Evening star., 1941-11-22
Assembly Line in Reverse
Erects Buildings in 8 Days

are equipped with a two-way radio
set. *''
I'm the troops housing and hospi-
tai areas. where many buildings are
going up, the principle of the as
sembly line in automobile factories
has been reversed. The houses are
on the assembly line, but especially
trained crews pass the buildings.
There are eight of these crews. or
rather eight kinds of crews, and a
buildings is completely inclosed
within eight days.
There is a layout gang, followed
by the excavating gang, the form
setting and the concrete pouring
and then crews of carpenters, each
with an especial task, move along
The buildings are completely in
closed, and then a crew OF painters
moves along. Plumbers and elec-
tricians are keeping up with the
work inside"
The Dixie Contractor credited
Capt. Alvin R. Moore, in private
life an Atlanta architect. with much
OF the steam behind the building
with the contractors the j. B. Nc
Crary Engineering Corp, the j. A,
Jones Construction Co., the Mac
Dougald Construction Co. and the
Smith-Pew Co.
In little more than three months,
40 per cent of the job was finished.
Evening star., 1941-11-22
The Political Mill
Piling Up Of Raw Materials for Defense
Threatens to FIutten Small Business

ing 1t to o. p. M. and S. P. A. B.,
behind closed doors, to decide
what shall be done in this matter
of priorities. And he does not
like at all some of the things that
have already been done to indus
try in the name of national de-
fense.
The Wyoming Senator admits
freely that vast quantities of raw
materials are needed for the de-
fense industry, particularly as
this country has now become the
arsenal for the British. the Rus
slams and the Chinese and any
others who may be fighting the
tOtalitarian states.
On Monday he submitted from
the Senate Committee on Public
Lands a preliminary report on
an investigation by a subcommit-
tee on the mineral resources To-
Gated in the public lands-still
huge areas in States of the West.
This report declares that the
existence of a large number of
businesses is seriously threatened
because we seem to lack iron
and steel, copper, manganese
and a score of other materials
which are needed to maintain
normal industrial activity"
Among these industries hard hit
are the automobile and construc-
ton industries.
The Committee on Public
Lands, in its investigation of the
resources of the country, has
listed huge reserve supplies of
coal, oil and gas. of potash, So
dium sulfate, sodium carbonate.
magnesium, copper, lead and
zinc-although of the last three
materials it has not yet made a
complete survey. The potential
production of manganese, needed
particularly in the production of
steel as a purifier and an alloy,
is also very great.
o. P. NJ. Is Criticized.
With these mineral resources
at hand, and many men unem-
ployed in the Western States, it
is contended that steps should
be taken to increase production,
since it is expected that from
two to three times as large
quantity of minerals will be need
ed during the next II months as
were used in 1910. The Gov
ernment already has done some
thing along this line, through the
R. F. c. and the Metals Reserve
Co. But much more, in the opin-
ion Of Senator OMahoney, is
possible.
This problem of little business
has also been tackled by the
Evening star., 1941-11-22
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
To the jubilant chorus of Some
where Over the Rainbow" Aus
tralian shock troops led forces of
the British Army of the Nile into
TObruk fortress last January %
after a furious, 24-hour assault, cap
turing 10000 Italian prisoners and
vast stores of booty.
Now, after more than seven
months under Axis siege, following
the British retreat from the first
Libyan offensive, the AuSsieS, with
New ZealanderS and Polish COM
rades, appear to have broken the rirg
around them in a thrust to join
Britain's second offensive into the
Italian territory.
The first British attack on the
Mediterranean ports 30-mile peri
meter of defenses began at dawn
last January 81, and by noon OF the
22d the last resistance had been
overcome. Long lines of Italian pris-
oners streamed disconsolately east
ward.
II Days After Bardia.
Gen. Sir Archibald P. Wavells
desert forces entered Tobruk only II
days after Bardia, the first Italian
stronghold in Libya, had capitulated
With it's excellent harbor. Tobruk
gave the British a valuable base for
the continuation of their drive along
the Libyan coast to Bengasi.
Deep gullies, or "waddies," run
down from the floor of the desert
into Tobruk proper and afford
strong natural barriers of defense
against tanks and motorized equip
ment-so difficult, in fact, that COM
bined German and italian siege
armies for seven months attempted
in vain TO recapture the town. Un-
told thousands of Nazi and Fascist
soldiers lost their lives in the con-
f1ict.
Outside this natural chain of for
| tifications, the Italians had also dug
a deep anti-tank ditch. encircling
| Tobruk down TO the sea on either
side. The British found initial diff
Guilty in jumping the ditch anc
crashing through the protecting
Evening star., 1941-11-22

Shipping available to the Brit
ish is much too inadequate for
them TO risk a landing on the
European mainland. It would not
be impossible TO obtain a foot
hold in France, Holland or Nor
way, but after an initial success
it would be difficult for the in
vading armies to maintain them
selves in the face of the German
defense works, submarines and
the Luftwaffe.
The difficulties the British
would face in landing on the
Continent are even greater than
those confronting the Germans
if they attempt to invade Britain.
Strikes Mean Grave Setback.
The labor situation in the
United States is an even greater
deterrent to a British invasion
of Europe.
America is, and must remain
for a long time. the arsenal of
Britain and Russia. So long as
labor troubles are not definitely
settled, it will not be possible for
the British TO embark on any
offensive operations, even if they
wanted TO take the chance.
The coal strike, for instance,
affects nearly every industry pro-
ducing war materials, and a strike
which lasts even a week sets
back arms production several
times that length Of time.
Should the British embark on
an offensive-which these days
requires an unlimited number OF
airplanes. tanks. guns and am
murltion-and should another
strike be called in American de-
fense industries, London fears
another disastrous defeat, be
cause needed war material might
not be forthcoming.
The administration in Wash
ington cannot give the British
government definite assurance
that the flow of production will
continue unhampered at time
when their armies might be en-
gagged in life and death struggle.
Evening star., 1941-11-22

for a long time III yne future.
The second is to find more and
more sources of raw material in
this country, so that production
may be greatly increased. and to
find more and more imports of
such materials.
1t is clear that something must
be done to preserve as much as
possible of the ordinary civilian
business for production of things
not military, but which go inn
portantly into the domestic
economy of the country. Other
wise the country will go almost
entirely over to a national de-
fenSe econOmy-and ordinary
business will go by the board and
the people of America will suffer
from thac process and also from
inability to obtain greatly needed
goods.
question OF Distribution.
Senator OMahoney has no
desire to hamstring national de-
fense industry by failing to grant
it all needed raw materials. In
deed, he insists that every de-
fense contractor should be given
these raw materials. This. he
maintains, can still be done
without putting civilian industry
out OF business. He does not be-
lieve that the priorities control.
for national defense, should be
allowed TO run hog-Wild, while
little business goes to the floor.
He has asserted that "on the
best authority" many of the big
industries engaged in national
defense production have already
accumulated inventories of raw
materials that are more than 25
per cent above normal. In other
words, materials are being held
Tor future use, a use that NAV
not be possible for a year or
more to come, while for the
lack of these materials many
little businesses will die.
"A policy of stripping little
business of needed materials in
order to provide excess inven-
tories for defense contractors, he
said, 'overlooks entirely the
capacity of this country to pro-
duce and import raw materials"
And he contends that it is
merely policy of defeatism to
acquiesce in the crippling of
civilian business in order to pro-
vide for future needs of war in
duStry-When both may be served
if the raw materials are wisely
distributed. According to Mr..
OMahoney, this country might
as well accept the totalitarian
ideal If it is going to let domestic.
civilian industry go by the board
and devote itself entirely to a
war industry economy, almost en-
tirely in the hands of big busi-
ness.
Resources Surveyed.
Mr.. OMahoney's bill calls for
open hearings on this question
Of priorities, so that business and
the public may be fully informed.
He does not like the idea of leav-
Evening star., 1941-11-22
u. S.-Mode Tanks Undergoing
First Great Test in Libyo
9-to-l Aerial Score Is ChoIked Up for
American Planes as Bottle Began

on the horizon where the British
artillery is putting down heavy
barrage.
British aerial supremacy is mani
fest here, but Nazi pursuit planes
also have appeared in the last hour
in hurried ground-strafing opera
! tionS.
Long lines of American and Brit
ish bombers roar overhead nursed
| by fighter escorts. They have been
pounding the Axis forces in the path
of the British ground troops.
Here, apparently, is the air su-
premacy which the British have so
long desired and never had. 1t is
the Greek campaign in reverse this
time.
visited Air Vice Marshal Coming
ham in his mobile desert heaSquar-
ters and found the Australian we'll
satisfied with the results thus far.
One of his big problems is moving
his ground establishments and equip
ment ahead fast enough to keep up
with the land forces.
Planes Range Far Westward.
Tons of bombs have been dumped
| on Derna, Bardia. Salum and all
AxiS-held points east of Tobruk since
| the offensive began Tuesday morn
ing, and the R. A. F. also is reported
to have ranged far to the west on
the Libyan hump" to attack Ben
gasi and the road leading to Ell
Agheila, where Axis reinforcements
are on the move.
British, South African. New Zea-
land, Australian and Free French
pilots participated in these attacks.
A famous Scottish regiment was
given the job of tackling the firmly
entrenched NaziS in the Salum and
"Hellflre Pass area on the coast at
the junction of the Libyan-
borders
British and Indian troops were re-
ported drawing a moose around an
Italian infantry concentration near
Sldl Omar, 25 miles TO the south.
1t was below Sidi Omar that the
central British spearhead broke
through en- route to Tobruk.
Normal weather now has returned
to the desert with temperatures ex-
ceeding 80 degrees at midday and
below 40 during the night.
Evening star., 1941-11-22
Worker Says He Wrecked
Coast Train, Taking "a Lives

my doubts about his story. II may
be just another screwbau yarn"
Thirteen Of the crack Southern
Pacific passenger trains II cars left
the tracks near Harvey, New, on
August 12, 1899. An Official report
of the Interstate Commerce Com
mission blamed a deliberate plot in
which a section of rail was removed.
Alexander was arrested Thursday
night on charges Of being drunk and
disorderly.
During routine questioning about
his previous acucvities. the sheriff
said Alexander told him he wrecked
the train to rob the passengers, but
lost his nerve and ran away when
he heard the screams Of the in
Jured in the twisted, overturned
cars.
Evening star., 1941-11-22
British Move Elsewhere
In Africa Predicted
BY the Associated Press,

BY the Associated Press.
LONDON, Nov. %. - Laborite
Emanuel Shinwell predicted today
that Britain was preparing for ac-
ton against the Axis elsewhere than
in Africa.
Mr.. Shinwell, foremost among the
Churchill governments critics who
have been clamoring for action, de-
clared in a speech at Blackhan that
he was satisfied with the new Brit
ish offensive in Libya.
In the Libyan offensive we are
100 per cent behind the government
49," he said. Il have no doubt
the government contemplates action
in other quarters. All the better"
Evening star., 1941-11-22

special committee to investigate
national defense contracts. On
behalf of that committee Sena-
tor Hatch of New Mexico, also
on Monday, presented to the
Senate report dealing particu-
larly with the efforts of the o.
P. M. to work out plans for dis
tributing defense contracts to
many manufacturing plants and
for allocating raw materials. The
report criticized the o. P. M.
for not getting these plans in
readiness, and in operation, long
ago.
The contention of the legis-
lators is that it is far wiser to
bring about greatly increased
supplies of raw materials to pro-
vide for a reasonable alloca ton
than for Government officials to
go about the country warning
business and the public that they
must be prepared to forego prac-
tlcally everything because of the
needs of national defense.
One of the difficulties, it is ad-
mitted, has been to persuade
producers to increase their pro-
duction sufficiently, particularly
of materials that go into national
defense as we'll as civilian ar
ticles. The producers have hung
back, because they were unwilling
to expand beyond points of need
in ordinary peacetime produc-
ton. This reluctance must be
overcome, and plans made for
utilizing plant facilities after the
war emergency shall have passed.
Senator Hatch very aptly said it
is becoming more and more nec-
essary 'in time of war to pre-
pare for peace"
Evening star., 1941-11-22
By CONSTANTINE BROWN.

The candid opinion of most
American military experts is that
no matter how much the British
government may desire to re-
lieve Nazi pressure on the Rus
slams by creation Of a new front
in the west, this cannot be done
effectively in the near future.
The Russians will have to
struggle along as best they can.
The most Moscow can expect
from the British and Americans
al the present moment is sup
plies, arms and warplaneS.
The skepticism of American
military observers is based on two
factors: Britain's lack Of ship
ping tonnage, and labor trouble
in the United States.
Evening star., 1941-11-22
By EDWARD KENNEDY,

Associated Press War Correspondent
WITH THE BRITISH ARMY IN
LIBYA, Nov. 20 Delayed SPEEDY
American and British tanks, manned
by Imperial gunnerS, crushed 81 Ital-
ian tanks of the Ariete division Tues
day and Wednesday at Bir Ell Cobb.
so miles inside Libya, while a ma jor
battle with German panzer units
was getting under way northwest of
there.
Other strong German forces were
lurking in the sands to the north
to challenge British encirclement ef-
forts.
The collision with the Italian
units was the first big test of Amer
ican equipment. American observ-
ers were accompanying the British
drive.
Sweep on Toward Tobruk.
After smashing the Italians the
British swept on to within a few
miles of Tobruk, the coastal point
held since midApril by a tough
ened garrison of Britons and Poles.
A 45-to-5 aerial score was chalked
up in favor of American and British
planes fighting over the barren Lib
yam stretches up to last midnight.
The swift CurtiSs planes. renamed
Tomahawks by the British, espe-
cially were effective, it was said.
The Germans were reported hav-
ing difficulty in sending reinforce
ments to Libya from Crete and
Southern Italy because of torrential
rains which washed out landing
fields. and also from steady British
bombings.
Godfrey Anderson, a British
journalist on the Libyan front,
reported that the rains begged
down German planes on the
ground. The water converted the
airports into quivering masses
that prevented the Nazi planes
from taking off, he said. The
motors of Stuka bombers roared
angrily, but could not lift the
craft
Aeriel Supremacy Manifest.
The thunder of the conflict can
be heard from this desert post
where I am writing this dispatch.
Black columns of smoke shoot up
Evening star., 1941-11-22

BY the Associated Press.
SUSANVILLE, Calf, Nov. 22-
Sheriff Olin S. johnson, checking g
young railrf1oad workers story that
he wrecked the s2.00O000 stream
liner City of San Francisco more
than TWO years ago, planned to take
him today to the scene Of the derail-
ment which killed "a persons and
injured 106.
Sheriff johnson identified the sec
ton hand as Clarence J, Alexander,
"a, Cleo Springs, Okla.
He says he wrecked the train,
and sticks to it even after hours of
quAtioning. and being told the
penalty," the sheriff said. Maybe
he did, and maybe he didn't. l have
Evening star., 1941-11-22
| Buffalo Loosed
| By Foreclosure
| Worry Ronehers

BY the Associated Press.
FORT FOLLINS, Colo, Nov 22.-
Six wandering buffalo are causing
ranchers no end Of worry.
For weeks the bulky beasts have
been roaming from one haystack to
another along the Colorado-W Wyo-
ming boundary. tearing down barbed
wire fence, frightening cattle and
causing livestock herds to become
mixed.
The buffalo. raised by Frank Mil
Ter of the Trails End Ranch, be-
came homeless when Mr.. Miller lost
the property through a foreclosure.
Mr.. Miller had no place to take
them, couldn't give them away, and
they became wanderers. Ranchers
can't shoot them-they are protect.
ed by law in Colorado and wyoming.
Any one want a buffalo2
Evening star., 1941-11-22
BY the Associated Press.

ythe Associated Press.
AUGUSTA, Ga, Nov. 22.-Re-
versed assembly line technique
moving units of men past the work
instead of it past them-Was cred
tied today with speeding construc-
ton of Camp Gordon here for the
Army.
Use of eight types of gangs made
it possible to erect and completely
inclose new building in eight days,
the Dixie Contractor. builders
journal. reported. Each barracks,
two stories in height, can accom-
modate IA men,
The camp will care for nearly 49,
900 officers and men under initial
plans, with utilities installed for
future expansion to handle up to
35 900 men on tract of $4,000 acres.
"All of the work on the job has
been systematized to an extent sell
dom encountered in the Southeast"
said the publication.
ut is one of the first big jobs in
which tWo-way radio and a public
address system are used throughout
the reservation.
THE automobiles of the key men
Evening star., 1941-11-22

not have John
l.. Lewis kisser
staring at me
from the front
pages?
We don't be-
licye so.
r h e m q n
makes the front
page more often
than the wealth
er re epOrt and
isn't nearly so
interesting. The
weather at lea ST
changes for the
Evening star., 1941-11-22

10 nave OIQeIeO
them out and
NOBODY Sc e m S
to be able to
order tn e m
ba *.
Such a Situa-
ton would aD-
pear to open up
the whole queS-
ten Of response
bility in labor
union Is. The
L nit Q d Mine
w O 7 K e 7 s o f
America is a
Evening star., 1941-11-22

commercial mines to stay on the job
and they have ignored his request.
So has their leader, Mr.. Lewis, who
processes to be as anxious for Amer
lea to complete its defense program
as any other American, but whose
failure to keep the commercial
miners from wildcat strike already
is cutting down the coal supply
needed for steel and other defense
commodities. 1t is not a record
that is going to look well in Amer
lean history.