davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1941-01-19

prepared as she now is. could by
declaring war on Germany, within
the space of say year end the
threat of German domination, I
would be in favor of declaring war
right now.
The inescapable point, however, Is
that we are not prepared to hight a
War-even a defensive one-at the
moment. let alone an offensive one.
Furthermore, could any one make
a safe prediction that the war would
be ended in a year, or even two,
With what help we would be able
70 send? AS I said in my speech
for the President, I cannot see
where we could get the ships TO
carry the necessary Army and equip
ment for our participation in the
war. Further than that, really
don't know where our Army would
90 if we started off to fight a war
a foreign power to invade this coun-
try, so do l regard it impossible for
us to invade Europe.
Continental Invasion
Seen Hardly Practical.
The British say that they have
approximately 100000 soldiers un-
der arms. Assuming that all those
men could be used in an attempt
to invade Europe and were not nee
eSsary for the protection of the Medi-
terranean or their own island home
1 fail TO see by what process the
5000 900 Germans under arms WoulC
be overwhelmed. 1t certainly cant
be lurking in the minds of ever
the most rabid interventionists that
we could send into this kind of q
war a sufficiently large expeditionary
force to make up for the dispropor-
ton between the German and the
English military forces.
There are those who say, "Ah
but we can go to war and yet not
use our man power" This sound
feasible today. Would it be feasible
six months hence? I do not believe
it. To me We are either all the way
in the war or all the way out of it
Even If 1t appears to be feasible
today. let us not forget that never II
the history of mankind have event,
taken place with such lightning
speed. Last February some were
calling 1t "phoney" war
In May the Germans struck. II
so days Hitler had conquered {
large part of Europe. If we go tc
war our man power cannot be pre-.
served from battle Only yesterday
Mr. Churchill said. We do not re-
quire in l94l large armies from
overseas" Does that mean our boys
are expected over there in 1912?
What would be our war aims:
We have not had any debate on thai
score. We certainly are not goine
into the war just TO underwrite the
Evening star., 1941-01-19
Must Cross 5000
Miles of Sea to Reach L. S.

Consider what it means to trans
port troops and ammunition over
1900 miles of storm tossed ocean: ::
consider what risks are involved in
seeking to pierce naval and air de-
fenSes. What would our enemies use
as bases for their planes, what as
bases for their shipping? I have
read that Dakar in Africa is only
five or six hours by plane to the
Evening star., 1941-01-19

Labor leader, speaking in a debate
at the oxford Union said IF this
war is fought to exhaustion. we will
experience an improvlshment the like
of which Britain has never seen.
And we will find at the end of the
road of all our bloOdshed and suf-
fering not a democracy, but an
authoritarian regime of the right
or of the left" But we here IN
America do not want dictatorship
of either the right or the left We
want to preserve our democracy,
and, ladies and gentlemen, We are
not going to preserve anything by
getting into this war.
1t is said that We cannot exist in
a world where totalitarianism rules.
I grant you it is a terrible future 70
contemplate. But why should any
one think that our getting into
tSee KENNEDY. Page AID
Evening star., 1941-01-19
Word of DictatOrs
Shown to Be Worthless.
BY the Associated Press.

Another label used as smear
against certain citizens who favor
keeping America out of the war is
the word "appeaser" I have been
called one. Here is my answer. If
by that word. now possessed of
Evening star., 1941-01-19

war aims of another country with
out knowing what they are. Ger
many under Hitler has no war aims
except to dominate the world. She
probably could not turn back now
if she desired. England is, of course,
fighting for her existence, but al
ready we hear dissatisfaction that
the aims of the British nation in
this total war have not been set
forth. Are we to sign blank check?
Common sense would seem to re-
quire that there be the most COM
plete clarif1cation of American aims
in this conflict before we take the
fatal step.
Can a Democracy Last
In War of AttritiOn?
Some use the argument that
should the axis powers prevail they
would inevitably impose on America
a totalitarian regime. They there
fore argue that we should go to war
to prevent this. But have they con-
sidered that by becoming involved
/ in war they may lose the very
thing for which they are fighting? ?
How long could a democracy last
while trying to fight a long-drawn-
out war?
! AS Arthur Greenwood, the British
Evening star., 1941-01-19
L. S. if She Arms,
Can Be Secure

And why shouldn't We have such
confidence in ourselves? After all
we are a country of 10000 900
people with a great record for
vlgor, ingenuity and bravery. For
the life of me. I cannot understand
why the tale of a great military
machine 5000 miles awav should
Evening star., 1941-01-19

most easterly point of South Amer
ica. But I am assuming that our
policy with the other Americas will
guarantee mutual protection. But
suppose a foreign power, by guile,
coercion or subversive activities.
should secure the support Of any of
the countries in this hemisphere
We certainly have a right to expect
that in their own self-interest the
other countries of this hemisphere
will, through diplomacy or force or
both. insist that the principle of the
Monroe Doctrine be maintained.
And mind you. even after an
enemy had flown across an ocean.
1t would be faced with the problem
OF maintaining its forces and sup
plies large enough TO cope with the
resources of the North American
continent. which would speedily be
brought 70 bear against them
Remember that the experience in
this war to date indicates that
ships. even though protected with
naval strength, face severe handi-
caps IN seeking to land in the face
OF an attacking air force operating
from land base. Reports from
the Mediterranean seem to support
TINS contention. Moreover. it is
still very difficult to transport many
tanks or many pieces of heavy
ammunition in airplanes. I hope.
therefore, that I am not too cheer
full or too optimistic when l express
confidence that We in America car
successfully defend ourselves. as
suming We avail ourselves of the
opportunity 10 make ourselves
strong.
Evening star., 1941-01-19
Kennedy Speech Calls for All Aid to Britain Short Of nevte

hateful implications. 1t is charged
that l advocate a deal with the die
tators contrary to the British de-
Slres. or that 1 advocate placing
any trust or confidence in their
promises, the charge is false and
malicious. The word of these ty-
rants has been shown to be worth
less. They themselves proclaim
that their promises are sham.
But, If I am called an appeaser
because I oppose the entrance of
this country into the present war,
I cheerfully plead guilty. So must
every one of you who wants to keep
America out of war.
The term 'warmonger" is an
other example of this unfortunate
trend; such charge does not help
US in deciding what is best for our
country. We ought to be done with
this sort of stuff which only con-
fuses and divides We ought to
give a fair hearing to all sides. In
that way we will be right and
united.
This smear campaign is particu-
larly violent against many of our
citizens who desire this country's
influence to be used in an effort
to bring about just and lasting
peace. These men feel that we are
already on a toboggan ride toward
involvement in the European war
They believe that as long as this
war continues there is the ever-in-
creasing possibility-yes, probability
that We ourselves will become in
vOlved, bringing ruin TO our civiliza-
ton and an end to our democratic
form of life. We cannot blame
these men for working for peace.
Such an impulse springs from the
oldest and most constant of mans
desires
Evening star., 1941-01-19
British Ought to Use Up
All Their Own Resources

So far as financing the assistance
we give to Great Britain is con-
cerned, my personal opinion is that
the British ought to make available
to us all the assets we can use IF
after the resources of Great Britain
were used up it were still sound
American policy to assist them. I
would prefer that it be done through
outright gifts, since I would not ex-
pect that loans could be repaid
Under our policy we can give
Evening star., 1941-10-02
BY the Associated Press.

GREENLAND. N. H.. Oct. IA
big, twin -motored Canadian bomb
ing plane. its bomb-racks still half
loaded, skidded into near miracle
pancake landing in hay field In
the early morning darkness near
here today, with all members of its
four man crew escaping injury.
Its gas supply nearly exhausted,
the plane landed by the light of its
own flares after a mission that
apparently had carried it out over
the Atlantic. 1t plowed a deep
furrow for more than 200 feet
through the 1O0-acre hay field be-
fore coming to rest, badly damaged
but still intact.
Raymond j. Cash, a Portsmouth
Navy Yard worker. whose house was
only a few feet from the landing
scene. told an Associated Press re-
porter that the plane still carried
two big bombs in its lefthand racks
THE righthand racks were empty,
he reported.
On Halifax, Nova Scotia, head
quarters of the Royal Canadian
eastern air command said the
bombs" we're smoke floats used
to take bearings at sea and that
the plane "lo5t its way while on
a routine" patrol of Nova
Scotia.)
Evening star., 1941-10-02
Lost Canadian Atlantic Patrol Plane Skids
To Night Landing on New Hampshire Farm

The plane was approximately $50
miles southeast of the nearest spot
on the Canadian border when it
landed, and more than 200 miles
from the New Brunswick line, where
1t adjoins Northern Maine. In the
darkness 1t had missed the Ports
mouth airport by only a few miles,
and was about the same distance
from the huge Portsmouth Navy
Yard, where two British submarines
now are befthed for repairs.
The four young Canadian flyers
would say little. except for a re-
mark by one of them that I'VE were
of the track"
GA few hours earlier the United
States Navy reported one of its
own planes had been forced down
in rough seas due east of the tip
OF Cape Cod during confidential
mission, but that both the plane
and its personnel had been res
cued)
A heavy guard of soldiers from the
thrown around the Canadian bomber
long before daylight, and soon after
the sun rose the four flyers were
taken to the Portsmouth Naval Hos
pital for a checkup.
Mr.. Cash said he was awakened
by a heavy rumbling over his house
shortly after lao An.
Evening star., 1941-10-02

Il looked out and saw a flare
floating down." he added, "but the
plane landed even before the flare
did,
"The next thing I knew there
came a rap on the front door and
there stood two Canadian flyers.
They wanted to use my telephone.
None of them was very talkative
about their predicament, except that
one said they had been cruising
around apparently over the At
lantic, and we're almost out of gas.
They were trying to get back to a
Canadian field, either in New Bruns-
wick or Nova Scotia.
"You could see two big bombs on
the lefthand side of the under part
of the plane. The righthand racks
were empty. The pilot had landed
so that his right wing was lower
than his left.
Apparently he didn't lower his
wheels, but whatever part of the
under carriage was showing plowed
furrow about feet deep for more
than 200 feet through the hay field.
The propellers were twisted all
out of shape and the engine cowlings
and protruding parts were badly
torn. They never will be able to
fly her out Of here and she prob
ably V1N have b be disznantled."
Evening star., 1941-10-02
BY the Associated Press.

A BRITISH PORT, Oct. O.
Britain and Germany will take
time out from their war in and
across the English Channel this
week end to assure safe passage
for 5000 wounded prisoners of
war-half of the number British,
half German-who hadn't ex-
pected to see home before the
end of hostilities.
Two British hospital ships, each
transporting 1900 men. will try to
make the crossings by daylight, but
if tides prevent landing in time the
ports will be lighted and the ships
will carry lights-the first such ex-
ceptions in the blackout since the
war began.
This will be the first British-Ger-
man. exchange of prisoners of the
war.
Forces TO Be Withdrawn.
The agreement provides for fighter
planes, bombers and submarines to
withdraw from the scene.
The two vessels will be concerned
only with getting their wounded out
and into port as quickly and as
comfortably as possible.
Evening star., 1941-10-02
Union May Ask US. TO lake
Over Control Of Railroads
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
CHICAGO, Oct. 2.-President A
F. Whitney of the Brotherhood OF
Railroad Trainmen asserted today
that the union may ask the Govern
ment to take control of the Nation s
railroads.
Mr.. Whitney testified before Presi-
dent Roosevelts fact-finding board,
which is attempting to settle the
wage dispute between carriers and
their employees.
The present capital structure of
the railroads contains $500, 900 900
of water and blue sky and 1t must
be taken out for the good of the
industry" Mr.. Whitney said.
I'VE are about to recommend that
the Government take possession of
the railroads so they can operate
on a clean and decent basis"
Previously the union chieftain
said that rail wages were tagging
behind those paid workers In
comparable industries.
Evening star., 1941-10-02
Channel War to Stop for Trade
Of 5000 Wounded Prisoners
Two Hospital Ships, Each Carrying 500,
Will Make Trip This Week End

The German prisoners will be
embarked at a south coast British
port and landed at a Northern
French port.
Switzerland, through which at
least one trainload OF British
wounded already has passed en-
route to the French port. has agreed
to act as transport itermediary. All
the British prisoners are coming
from Germany,
Will Be Examined.
Duncan Sandys. financial secre-
tary of the War Office. announced
in broadcast Monday that at least
1000 severely wounded British SOL
diers would be repatriated He said
the number included about 500
members of medical service and
chaplains.
The returning British will be given
hospital examination. Those found
At TO travel will be permitted to 90
on home TO their families, some of
whom had given up hope of seeing
them before the end of the war.
Relatives were advised not to come
to the port. In their place the gov
eminent and welfare agencies will
function Among the preparations
is a cache Of l,l52 bottles of beer.
Evening star., 1941-10-02
US. and Hemisphere Given
Sole Right 10 Peru Metals
By the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press
Jesse Jones. Federal loan admin
istrator. announced today an agree
ment with Peru under which that
nations strategic minerals would be
retained exclusively for the United
States and other countries Of the
Western Hemisphere.
He said that, in collaboration with
the State Department, a contract
had been signed with Peru under
which any of the specified minerals
not sold in the course of normal
business in the Western Hemisphere
would be bought by the Metals Re
serve Co., a subsidiary of the Re
construction Finance Corp.
The agreement covers antimony
ores. copper ores. copper concen-
trates, copper matte, lead ores, lead
concentrates. refined lead bars,
tungsten ores and concentrates
vsnadium and zinc concentrates and
electrolytic zinc.
No figures were given on the
amount of minerals or money which
may be involved in the agreement.
The agreement was similar to a
recent contract with Mexico, and
similar agreements were believed to
be in the process of negotiation with
other Latin American countries.
Evening star., 1941-10-02
Clergy Assai|s
Roosevelt on
Soviet Religion
Constitution Lacks
Guarantees, Church
Leaders Soy

In the face of critical reaction to
President Roosevelt's remarks that
freedom of religion is permitted in
Soviet Russia. the White House to-
day made a gesture of modification
Of this position.
Asked at his press conference if
he would comment on the discus
sion, Stephen T. Early, secretary to
the President, told reporters he
thought many of the published re-
ports went farther than the state
ment of the President"
The secretary added. however. that
the Chief Executives reference to
soapboX orators in the United States
being given full freedom to talk for
or against religion was true. The
President had used this soapbox
Illustration as parallel to the
privilege given by Article l24 Of the
Soviet Constitution, permitting free
dom of religion and also of propa-
ganda against religion.
Asked About Manifesto.
Mr.. Early also was asked today II
there is any hope here that the
Moscow government is preparing to
issue a freedom of religion manifesto.
He replied by referring questioners
to the Soviet Embassy or to the
State Department, adding a counter
question, How do We know what
the Russians are going to do?'
Mr.. Roosevelt's assertion that the
Russian constitution provides for
religious freedom continued to evoke
sharp criticism from clergymen and
others.
In general, the critics retorted
that while the Soviets' constitution
might contain the words. they gave
no trustworthy guarantee to religion.
Printed constitutions are worth
less anywhere unless supported by
life" was the way Bishop Raymond
j. Wade, head of the Methodist De-
troit area, put it in a telegram to the
Chief Executive. He declared the
Presidents observations on Russian
religious policies, delivered in Tues
day press conference. were "obvi-
ously untrue" and utterly mislead-
ing"
What matter whether priests or
/ clergymen in Russia are listed as
/ citizens eligible to vote, when only
one party ballot is permitted7" he
| asked.
''Undisputed Imprisonment anc
Staying of tens Of thousands o.
priests. clergymen and lsymen fol
lsee RELIGION, Page A-I9J
Evening star., 1941-10-02
Taxes Only Beginning,
AN-0ut Bill AZ Need,
Morgenthau Asserts
Bankers Hear Connully
Urge Aiming Of Merchant
Ships, War Zone Entry

BY the Associated PreSS.
CHICAGO, Oct. 2.-Secretary Of
the Treasury Morgenthau said today
the new tax law-which just went
into effect yesterday-vas only a
good start" and that "the tax bill
next year will have to be genuinely
all-out bill. a genuine levy upon all
in accordance with their ability to
pay"
With the help of the new taxes
recently enacted, the Secretary said
in an address before the American
Bankers Associa ton, "our tax struc-
ture will yield about s14 900 900 900
in revenue, but. in my opinion, 1t
still contains many inequalities and
many omissions which will have to
be corrected next year."
Following him on the rostrum,
Senator Connally, Democrat, of
Texas, chairman Of the Senate For
eign Relations Committee, advocated
amendment of the Neutrality Act
to permit the arming of merchant
ships and their entrance of war
! zones.
/ Mr. Morgenthau said taxation was
one of the indispensable methods
of preventing imitation and urged
the bankers in their day-to-day
contracts with customers to explain
the need of greater Government
I s..l
Would Push Defense Bonds.
He added that the strongest ef-
forts" to promote savings through
the purchase of defense savings
bonds and stamps. thereby striking
a blow against initiation, must now
be made in our great industrial
centers."
He described as a shortcoming OF
| the savings campaign to date the
fact that it has only begun to
reach workers pay rolls" Besides
getting people to save regular part
of their income the Secretary also
! said the Treasury lis most anxious
to divert into defense savings bonds
| the kind of spending produced by
pay increases and bonuses and by
| increased dividend payments"
81 should like" he added, Ito offer
as a suggestion, for example, that
every Christmas bonus in the United
States be paid in Defense savings
bonds or stamps this year"
He also urged immediate passage
of the price, control legislation now
pending in Congress.
Connally Sees Rights Abridged.
Senator Connally asserted that
the neutrality law-which he termed
"the so-called Neutrality Act
abridged the Nations right to free
dom of the seas.
The repeal of the so-called Neu-
trality Act would not be unneutral,
he said. After its repeal the United
States would be neutral under in
ternational law"
Senator Connally contended thai
the ban on merchant vessels enter.
ing combat zones or going on Lawful
missions to the ports of nations al
war" violated ''our undeniable right;
under the law of nations"
He asserted that totalitariar
states have launched new revolu.
tionary movement Ito strip men o.
their liberty and enslave them" il
contrast to past revolutions in be.
half of constitutions and parlia.
mentary systems.
Evening star., 1941-10-02
Pop Concert
On WMAL

A half hour of the Pop Con-
cert by the National Sym
phony Orchestra at Riverside
Stadium tonight will be broad
cast over Station WMAL,
beginning at $50 o'clock.
In arranging these broad
casts, the National Broadcast
ing Co. and The Star are
cooperating with the National
Symphony Orchestra Associa-
tion in an effort to further ap-
probation and support of the
orchestra in its contribution
to the musical life of Wash
tngton.
The broadcast is for those
who cannot take advantage of
the opportunity to attend the
concert.
Evening star., 1941-10-02
BY J. A. O'LEARY.

John J. Pelley, president of the
Association of American Railroads
today stood by his assurance the
railroads are ready and able to
move 100000 barrels of oil a day
to the Eastern Seaboard, and from
his testimony Senator Burton, Re-
publican of Ohio, concluded there is
no semblance of an oil shortage.
The Senate Committee investigat-
ing committee also heard a renewed
demand from the American Auto
mobile Association that the night
curfeW on gasoline sales be lifted.
Standing his ground against Oil
Co-ordlnator Ickes' claim yesterday
that not more than 5,l92 railroad
tank cars could be found, Mr.. Pelley
came in with detailed list of the
present location throughout the
United States of 1885 cars re-
garded as surplus in excess of two
days loading.
No Shortage, Burton Says.
Since September 8. the amount
of oil shipped by rail has increased
$4,000 barrels TO 10000 barrels day,
Mr.. Pelley told Senator Burton,
adding that the railroads could,
within two weeks. make good his
testimony and reach the 200 900
barrel mark.
Senator Burton pointed out Fed
eral officials have testified the short
age for the remainder of 194l will be
l74, 500 barrels a day. In reaching
that estimate, he said, officials allow
for gradual increase in use of
tank cars, but not reaching more
than 10000 cars by December 81. .
and carrying an average Of 73,700
barrels a day.
Senator Burton observed that If
the railroads could haul $4,000 bar
rels more a day than at present
they would reduce the co-ordinator'
shortage from 174,50O to SO, 500.
The remaining $500 barrels. he
said, is only half of the amount
Federal Oil officials estimated could
be made available to the East by
reversing the flow of pipelines now
carrying oil from East to West.
Hence. he concluded, there would
be no semblance of shortage.
Mr.. Pelley asked the committee
to bear in mind that the railroads
do not own the tank cars, indi-
| eating the amount of oil hauled
| depends on orders received
In letter from Russell E. Singer,
! general tho roII
Chairman Maloney the night closing
rule has not conserved gasoline, that
the stations have not passed savings
| in operating expenses on to motor
lists, but, on the contrary prices have
been raised in some places.
Wooden Barges Urged.
! A third witness. Ralph D. Moores
of Portland. Greg. outlined a plan
! for the building of wooden barges on
/ the West Coast that could tow oil to
the Atlantic Coast through the
Panama Canal. He testified that
three barges hauled by one tug could
| transport 100000 barrels If the plan
were accepted by oil shippers, he
said. the group of West Coast busi-
ness concerns he represents could
have four or five barges ready in
100 days. and after that one every
| three days.
Answering Mr.. Ickes' attack on
him before the committee yester-
day. Mr.. Pelley said: I
"An effort was made yesterday
(See OIL, Page A-3)