davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1941-04-03

that the Supreme Court, by the mar
row margin of four to three, sustains.
The result is that, even though the
facts charged are proved, the Gov
ernment has no way to collect COM
pensatory damages, the only course
open being prosecution under the
criminal code.
It is not necessary to pass on the
merits of this particular case to
argue that it emphasizes a situation
that needs correction. Under ordi-
nary circumstances, the Government
is large buyer, and, as the Justice
Department pointed out in pressing
this litigation, purchasing activities
are being expanded tremendously
under the spur of the defense pro-
gram. 1t is consequently unthink-
able that any step should be spared
that would serve as a safeguard
against improper bidding.
The Sherman Act never had been
employed in this capacity, and now
that it has proven inadequate, Con-
gress we'll might consider new legis-
lation to deal with this matter.
Evening star., 1941-04-03
Jui AIui Bill

The most disquieting thing to
residents of Montgomery County that
happened at the recent session of
the Maryland Legislature was the
laSt-minute enactment of a bill to
legalize pari-mutuel betting on the
professional sport of jai alai. Fortu-
nately, on the closing day of the
session, the county's legislators had
the fairness to amend the measure
to permit referendum on the ques-
ton at the special election to choose
a successor to the late Representative
Byron. Thus, the county is given an
opportunity to reject the plan.
Meanwhile, the issue is up to Gov
ernor O'Conor, who already has been
asked by leaders of representative
civic and religious groups to veto the
proposal. The Governors record
indicates he has a high sense of
moral values in statecraft, and that
he is opposed to the principle of
legalized gambling. There are en-
couraging reports from Annapolis
that he intends to veto the bill unless
he receives word of popular support
for the measure among county
residents.
There is every indication that there
will be no such support. Certainly
the idea for the bill did not originate
among the county's citizens. They
were taken completely by surprise.
Many are alarmed and would like
to know exactly where the plan did
originate. From Annapolis dispatches,
it seems that Montgomery inherited"
the measure from Prince Georges.
Interests said to operate jai alai
games in Florida originally had bill
introduced to legalize betting on it
in Prince Georges Legislators from
that county let the measure die, re-
portedly because the sport might
hurt the business OF race tracks now
Evening star., 1941-04-03
Government Purchases

The Supreme Court decision that
the Government, in a case allegedly
involving collusive bidding, is denied
recourse to the weapon available to
private parties, collection of damages
under the triple-penalty provision
of the Sherman Antitrust Act, is
unfortunate, in view of the evils at
which the action was aimed.
In this case, the Government sued
for slightly more than million dol
lars, alleging that seventeen tire
companies had conspired to submit
identical bids for Government pur-
chases over a period of eighteen
months, while at the same time,
scaling prices upward. The resultant
overcharge was put at approximately
$350,OOO, and it was on this basis that
the amount of damage was calcu-
lated. The lower courts dismissed
the complaint, however, holding that
the Government was not person" "
within the meaning of the statute,
and consequently was not entitled to
It's protection, and 1t is this finding
Evening star., 1941-04-03
THIS AND THAT
Bu Charles Z. TrdceDeH.

lure even the most house-bound humans
out into the open?
r. y
AS for the location OF the feeding
station, that is very important.
But here again there can be no hard
and fast rule, for We are dealing with
living creatures with their own reactions.
In other words, what holds good in
one yard will not hold good in another.
Your cardinal may not do exactly the
same things as mine.
The great danger in bird watching is
to believe that just because you have seen
one action or reaction, nobody else can
see another.
This means that birds may come. in
one garden, to a feeding station placed
directly on the ground.
In another yard, they may shun such
feeder.
Sometimes a station directly at
window is popular, whereas again one
farther out in the yard draws the
customers.
1t would be nice If some set rule could
be drawn up about this, but it cannot,
in all honestly, although some one may
think he can do it.
The truth is that birds differ, just as
people differ. At one place they will act
one way, at another in another way,
1t is a good idea, if they do not appear,
to make some change in the location of
feeding station.
The design of a station seems to have
little to do with it.
Birds will eat from all sorts of con-
trivances, once they assure themselves
that there is no trap involved.
But change is something else again.
Thus, if feeder without roof sud-
denly acquires one, that bit of added
construction will frighten the birds away
for time.
Often anything nearby which is new,
such as bicycle. or even bit of paper,
will scare them away.
| We had a neat feeder, with roof and
! porch all around, which hung in a tree.
! Few birds patronized it.
When It was placed on the ground
beneath the tree, focks of songsters
| came.
The use of raisins for the early robins
is good suggestion. Many persons have
found them difficult to feed. They liter
ally resist many foods put out for them.
! Unless exceptionally bad weather arrives
/ after they do, in most cases they will be
able to get along all by themselves.
There is no gainsaying, however, that
/ all true friends of birds will find it ex-
tremely pleasing to be able to help them
in some tangible way, and especially will
find it worth while to help the early
robins in their time of need. This bird
we believe, is really Americas favorite
despite the praise of the cardinal, the
mockingbird, and many others; we value
them all, but deep down in our hearts
find the American robin-which is really
no robin at all, but a thrush-our one
best bird.
Evening star., 1941-04-03
6. 6. 6. Reduction

The announcement of James J.
McEntee, director of the Civilian
Conservation Corps, that a gradual
reduction in the enrolled strength of
the corps has been ordered, begin
ming this month, provides further
evidence that the defense program is
breaking the back of unemployment
in the United States. During the
fiscal year starting in July, the pend
ing appropriation bill calls for a
maximum enrolment of 273,000 ex-
elusive of Indians, and territorial en-
rolleeS. as compared with present
strength of 100000. Though the cut
need not be made until the end of
the present fiscal year, Director Nc
Entee believes that the reductions
should be initiated Immediately, in
view of the marked improvement
throughout the country in employ
ment prospects for young men.
When the C. C. C. was established
eight years ago, to provide jobs for
unemployed youths, the demand for
places in the camps was so great that
it was necessary to refuse admission
to hundreds of thousands of appll-
cants. In past years there have been
from two to five applicants for every
vacancy. The latest reports from
State directors of selection indicate
that the corps will be able to accept
every eligible applicant in April, If
the pickup in private employment
continues-and the expanding de-
fense production makes this virtual
certainty-the C. c. G. may have
difficulty in securing replacements
for enrollees who leave the corps to
take jobs in defense industries.
With private employment increas-
ing so rapidly, Director McEntee is
to be commended for ordering an
immediate cut in C. C. G. rolls. A
curtailment of Federal activities
whose primary purpose is the crea-
LlUll VI clllplOyiilClio 10 PAoAiAy AL eAiS
public interest, and because of the
vast outlays required for defense, it
is essential that non-defense eX-
penditures of the Government be
drastically reduced.
The C. C. c., which celebrates this
week it's eighth birthday, has made
a substantial contribution to Ameri-
can democracy. During the depres-
sion years it gave employment to
hundreds of thousands of young
Americans, and their labor, in wide
range of conservation projects, has
added to the Nations capital assets.
During the present emergency the
c. C. c. has placed great stress on
training enrollees in defense skills,
and the large number of c. C. c. lads
who have found jobs in war indus
tries in recent months attests the
value of the training, both to the in
dividual and to the Government.
Evening star., 1941-04-03
CHEVY CHASE, Md.

Dear Sir:
For several years we have been main
tanning a feeding station for our fur
and feathered friends and thought we
were fairly well informed about them
by observation and with the aid OF your
friendly, informative and highly inter-
esting articles. However, we find we
still have much to learn.
I'VE have made a discovery recently
on the subject of what to feed the early
robins in the absence of their favorite
earthworm which is still well below the
frozen surface of the earth.
1T is raisins.
I'VE had neither read nor heard that
robins like ra:sins-but they do.
I'VE have seen many of the early
arrivals, all male, eat freely of them. 1t
occured~to me that we might be able to
contribute this one observation and
through your splendid column bring
desirable food to these lovely birds.
"We recently put up a new feeder. 1t
is in the same place as the old one but
is prettier and has cover on it. We
find, however, that we have lost most of
our customers-in fact, the mockingblrd
and robin, with an occasional sparrow,
are the only birds TO visit us, while in
the birds of this vicinity from the tiny
chickadee to the big. husky blue jay.
will the other birds become used to
the new feeder in time, or have we made
a mistake by covering the board?
II should greatly appreciate your
advice in the matter.
Sincerely yours, c. D. r."
k*&
There are three main factors con-
cerned in the problem of bird feeding
stations and whether the birds will take
to them.
They are:
/. The birds themselves
O. The location of the feeder.
3. The design.
Our feathered friends are not autom-
atoms.
They have wills of their own, and are
open to a multitude of impressions from
without.
The days vary, and with them the ap-
| pealS to the birds.
Hawks come, one day, and spring, the
next!
There is no telling how the birds will
act, in any given garden.
Maurauding dogs, various noises, per-
haps even odors, play their part in driv-
ing birds away from stations where they
have been busilV feeding
Any one who has watched them over
long period of time knows that one
day they will be there, the next they will
| be gone, or most of them.
| The attempt to determine why they
are present one day, gone the next, is
very interesting, and often unsuccessful
Every observer knows that sudden
changes in the weather play some part
Who can blame a bird for desertine
dry seed to try his fortune in the woods
on those suddenly bright days which
Evening star., 1941-04-03
Tells of Dinner to Celebrate
Centenary Of Punahou School.
To the Editor of The Sta,

To the Editor of The Star:
1t may be of interest to some of your
readers to know that on Monday, April 7,
there is to be dinner at the Cosmos
Club here in Washington celebrating the
Tooth anniversary of the founding OF
Punahou School in Honolulu.
This school was built on land donated
by Hiram Bingham Q784-1S69), one of
the earliest missionaries and grandfather
of former Senator Hiram Bingham. 1t
was intended for the children of mis-
sionaries and of any American or
European residents in Honolulu. From
the beginning Punahou held an excellent
position in the educational world OF the
day. 1t was actually the first school of
the kind west of the Rocky Mountains,
and many children from the Pacific
Coast we're sent on sailing vessels TO
Honolulu to get their education at
Punahou. Some of the old buildings still
stand and all travellers to the Hawaiian
Islands remember the ancient stone walls
surrounding the property which are
covered with night blooming cereus.
Sometimes there are thousands OF the
great white flowers open at once and
people come from miles around to see
them.
Punahou has an honorable and an
admirable record. Most of the boys and
girls who have come from Hawaii to the
United States to college have had their
education in the school, Hundreds OF
Army and Navy people stationed tempo
rarily in Honolulu remember the school
because it gave their children first-rate
start in education.
Mr.. Shepard, the president OF the
school, is travelling now through the
country to attend series of Punahou
centennial dinners, and it is hoped that
there will be a good representation from
the District of Columbia of people who
for one reason or another are interested
in this splendid old institution.
w. R. CASTLE.
Evening star., 1941-04-03
After Visiting the National
Gallery

The genius OF great centuries long
past
Burns bright NTH life in this per-
petuul hall;
The glory of the age OF faith at last
To this young nation brings its
clear, far call.
Frail, mortal hands, not0 dust, that
painted here
The innocence of childhood and
its faith
Were laid in benediction tDtthout
fear
Upon the Dorld'S sad heart to con-
Quer death.
Art is eternal. Hate and tear Dtu
die,
Dark crueltieS lie do,0n 1Dith per-
iShed things,
But beauty HueS forever to defy
The 1Oear of time and all the 11reck
it brings.
Beyond and far aboUe this toarring
day
Art speaks to Life its everlasting
"Ayew
ALETHEA TODD ALDERsoN.
Evening star., 1941-04-03
Proposes New Plan
For Protecting Public Treasury.
~. -. rdI4or ~ THE Stor.
To the Edit

For Protecting PUBIC treasury.
To the Editor of The Star:
I would like to have a certain Job.
There is no such job, but there ought to
be. The job would be National Govern
ment Economizer with the accent on
the "nizer.'D
The job would carry with it the right
to do anything that would keep Uncle
Sans expenditures within his income.
or reduce the national debt-anything!
Well, of course, I'd have to be sensible
about it. I wouldn't fire everybody out
of the government-not quite everybody.
I'd ask the stenographers who the fools,
shirks and drones are They know! And
I wouldn't cut all salaries-only the
amazingly large number of big ones.
NY mottos would be: Beware of little
expenses; a small leak will sink great
ship'-Poor Richard Che meant the
"Ship of State" of course); and Leave
no stone unturned." I would harangue
Congress on patriotism versus party
politics. The must" bills I would draft
might be weirdly and wonderfully
worded, but they would be short and
snap stupendous sums from the budget.
OF course national defense must go on.
but would reduce its cost by organiz-
ing, arming and training the people at
home to be minute men'-every man
a soldier (including myself and would
bust bureaucracy, fish for efficiency,
punish politics playing, lquidate lame
and lax laws, strangle strikes, upset
useless activities, usher out usurpationA,
Evening star., 1941-04-03
Potomac Bridges

The need for additional bridges
across the Potomac River becomes
more acute every day. The phe-
nomenal building developments in
nearby Virginia have seriously over
burdened the Highway, Memorial and
Key Bridges, and the huge Federal
and private construction projects
now under way will greatly aggra-
vate the congestion on the existing
spans. Those who work in Wash
ington and live in Virginia will echo
the hope Of the District Commits
Sioners that Congress will give
prompt attention to this important
problem.
The Commissioners already have
asked Congress to appropriate $4,000
for an engineering study of pro-
posals for a new bridge or tunnel
across the AnacoStia River, on the
line of South Capitol street. The
rapid growth of the community on
the other side of that river war;
rants such a study. A bridge or tun-
mel from Alexandria to the vicinity
of Blue Plains is another long-diS-
cussed project. Much heavy traffic
between Virginia and Southern
Maryland could thus be diverted
from WaShington's traffic-laden
arteries A. more recent, but none
theleSs important proposal is for a
fourth bridge connecting downtown
Washington with residential Arling-
ton. Military engineers have sug-
geSted a bridge extending from near
the foot of New Hampshire avenue
to point about midway between the
Memorial and Highway bridges. The
Chain Bridge, further up the river,
chiefly serves Fairfax County.
A comprehensive technical survey
of the whole problem of more river
crossings is urgently needed. With
full information in hand, decision
can then be made as to whether
bridges or tunnels should be con-
Structed, and how many, and where
Congress should take whatever steps
are necessary now to pave the way
for preliminary studies in connec-
tion with this pressing long-view
program.
Evening star., 1941-04-03

operating in Prince Georges. Mont
gomery delegates, with one exception,
then sponsored a similar bill
Aside from the facts that the pro-
posal is basically bad, that there is
no popular demand for it and that
the stigma of legalized gambling
would harm Montgomery as it
undoubtedly has harmed Prince
Georges, the last-minute rush to get
the bill enacted naturally has aroused
resentment. The sole reason for the
bill that it's advocates advanced was
that it would bring large revenues
to the county and State. 1t would be
a tragic mistake, however, for Mont
gomery to risk any reflection on its
reputation in order to obtain revenue
in such a fashion. The incident
demonstrates the wisdom of the
Brookings Institutions recommended
ton that there be more home rule"
in Montgomery.
Evening star., 1941-04-03
FORCING on Issue

Spreading violence and IaWleSS-
ness in key industrial centers are
combining to force the hand OF an
administration which has gone to
extreme lengths in Championlng the
cause Of labor.
In New York, John L. Lewis, preSl-
dent of the United Mine Workers,
defiantly and provocatively spurns
the services Of the new Mediation
Board, even before they had been
offered. His malicious and unjusti-
fed attempt to discredit the board
as a mere strike busting agency is
not so important, perhaps, in the
matter Of the soft coal walkout, for
that dispute probably will be settled
by direct negotiation. But 1t is I'M
portant in that it stands as a thinly
yelled invitation to all other unions
to resist and defy the efforts of the
board. Such an attitude, taken by
supposedly responsible labor leader,
Is not a matter Of small consequence.
The situation in Milwaukee, where
laWlesS strikers have again forced
the closing of the AlliSChalmerS
plant, amounts to open inSurrecton
against the State authorities. The
Secretary of Labor has at last re-
ferred this case to the Mediation
Board, but such action, coming long
after the time for mediation with
any reasonable hope of success has
passed, merely serves to emphasize
the weakness of an arrangement
which provides, in effect, that the
board cannot take any action With
out first obtaining the approval OF
Secretary Perkins.
In Michigan, conditions are little
better. Even though it be granted
that the Ford Motor Company has
been inviting trouble by its labor
policies, there can be no Justification
whatsoever for the riotous tactics to
which the striking c. l. O.-Unlted
Automobile Workers have resorted.
A strike accompanied by peaceful
picketing is one thing. A strike
accompanied by forcible blocking of
public highways and bridges, brutal
assaults on non-Striking but bona
fide employees, and mass efforts to
invade and smash an employers
plant is quite another.
Under all the circumstances it
seems quite clear that an important
element of union leadership is at
tempting by use of force to set itself
above the law. Not only is such
conduct intolerable in itself, but it is
exceedingly harmful to the rearma-
ment effort now, and in the near
future it may be destructive of the
national defense program.
The President to date has tried to
handle the problem with kid gloves.
But he cannot continue that effort
much longer. Unless strong action
is taken, and taken soon, the unified
public support which the President
has sought for his foreign policy is
going to be wrecked by public resent
ment of unbridled and unchecked
labor abuses. But it is incOnceivable
that Mr.. Roosevelt will not make a
determined effort to ward off such a
calamitouS deVelOpment.
Evening star., 1941-04-03

@. What is POM -pom?-C. L. c.
A. 1t is a VickersMaxim automatic
machine cannon, firing one-pound shells
from a looped belt. or any similar
weapon 1t is sometimes multiple
The name comes from the drumming
sound of the fast fire.
@. Please describe the fate of the
steamer City of Columbus.-D. H.
A The steamer City of Columbus was
wrecked off Gay Head on January l5,
1884. 1t was a steamship OF the Boston
& Savannah Line. commanded by Capt.
S. E Wright, and had tonnage OF
1,99237 One hundred and three persons
lost their lives, including 10 passengers.
Fourteen passengers and II members OF
the crew were saved.
O. Is there summer camp where
child with defective speech may receive
corrective training?-W. T. J.
A. Camp California, near Somerset,
Pa, has a speech program for
such children. 1t is under the direction
Of the State Teachers College at Cali
fornia, Pa.
O. Please explain companionate mar
riage,-E. w
A. Judge Benjamin Lindsey, its spon-
sor, defines companionate marriage as
follows: "Companionate marriage is legal
marriage, with legalized birth control,
and with the right to divorce by mutual
consent for childless couples, usually
without payment of alimony."
@. Please give the inscription on the
monument erected to Senator H. A.. w.
Tabor in Denver.-R. M.
A. The legend on the stone reads:
unknown to fame until approximately
the age of so, chance suddenly brought
him considerable wealth and reputa-
ton. A few years later another throw
of the dice as quickly returned him to
his former obscurity, but left in the wake
a colorful character in the annals OF
Colorado history
@. In Reynolds portrait Of Lord
Heathfield, why does he hold a key?
&C. j. D.
A. The story of the 1779 siege OF
Gibraltar is told in this portrait of Gen.
Elliott. The Rock" was under attack
by French and Spanish land and sea
forces. The enemy demanded the keys
of the fortress. Gen. Elliott later Lord
Heathfield) refused to deliver them.
Evening star., 1941-04-03
Praises National Gallery
And Its Builders.

To the Editor of The STAR
I have glimpsed John Russell Pope's
poem in marble. Andrew w. Melons
Tai Mahal of beauty. Some great god
brooding over the sordid sorrows of pam
pathetic humanity must have given a
spark of divine majesty to the architect
and tear of infinite pity to his patron,
so that all might partake of the indie
scribable grandeur and purity Of this
temple.
Do you remember in Volney's ruins
of Empire" how he sighs that one day
some one may sit on the shores of the
Zuyder Zee and look upon silent ruins?
Lord Macaulay stole that phrase, and
wrote that some one sitting beside the
Thames might view the ruins of London
(Which now some one might. May the
time never come when one shall sit be-
side the Potomac and see this gallery,
holding its inspired dreams, become a
desolate Parthenon of America, with
Washington, the Niobe of Cities, weeping
over the destruction of this fairest Of
her children!
EsTELLE NIB. THOMPSON.