davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1941-06-05
Marshall Urges
Conseript Army
For the Future
BY Associated Press.

~ hsoOOlhLcu EIcSe,
Gen. George C. Marshall,
Army Chief of Staff, believes
the United States will make "a
tremendous and crucial error"
If it fails to maintain some form
of selective service to provide
the military force that we are
inevitably going to be required
to have in the future"
Gen. Marshall told a House
Appropriations Subcommittee
he believed selective service
provides the only practical and
economical method of main
tanning such a military force
and added, Il think with all my
heart that selective service is
a necessity to the maintenance
of a true democracy"
Evening star., 1941-06-05
Important Declaration
By Duce Due Tomorrow
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, June 5.-The Berlin
radio, quoting report from Rome,
said today that Premier Mussolini
will preside tomorrow at an ex-
traordinary meeting of the Fascist
Council in which he is expected to
make "an important declaration"
The broadcast was heard here by
N. B, C.,
Evening star., 1941-06-05
Croats Going to Germany.

NEW YORK, June LP.-Ante
Pavelic, chief of the new Axis
created state of Croatia, and other
members of the Croat government
are due in Salzburg, Germany, to-
morrow for state visit on the
Nazi governments invitation, the
Berlin radio announced today.
Evening star., 1941-06-05
|ckes Hints Curb
On Auto DriViinq
On Week Days
Restriction on Oil in
East Probable in
Month, He Says

BACKGROUND
World War oil shortage in East,
caused then as noW BY tanker
transfers to Britain, SdlU gasoline
shoot up to 28 cents q gallon,
minus any tdIeS. "GnSIeSS Sum
days" Dere Observed BY motorists
for seUen weeks in September and
october OF 1918 in States east OF
the Mississippi.
Evening star., 1941-06-05
By the Associated Press.

LONDON June 5With bombs officially reported
than 100 persons night at Alexandria,
British Mediterranean fleet the Axis has delivered the
heavy blows defenses
Evening star., 1941-06-05
1O-BiIIion Supply Bill for Army
Sent to House With Warning
More Funds Will Be Needed
100 Killed in Worst Air Raid
By Nozis on Alexandra, Egypt
Syrio and Lebanon BIoekoded by British;
Attack on Base Seen Stort of Suez Drive
BACKGROUND

BACKGROUND
German and land forces Sneeping through
YugodUa brought Scale to the Near East Conquest OF
ooWed by f2-day bt2kreq island
reports of tnflaon mandated
and Lebanon
Evening star., 1941-06-05
Summary Of Todoy's Star
Foreign.

StSfS"s
German planes raid widespread
areas of England. Page AS
Nazi chief in Holland to lay wreath
on ex-Kaiser's grave. Page A-9
Defender of Dakar arrives in Vichy
for conferences. Page A-9
Japanese see crisis near head in
talks with Indies. Page AIS
National.
Hughes lunches with Roosevelt; Hull
also at White House. Page Az
Winant continues conferences here
on war experiences. Page Az
Connally urges 24-hour day be forced
on arms plants. Page A-4
Nelson predicts revised contracts to
speed up deliveries. Page A-4
President asks Congress to approve
st. Lawrence project. Page AS
Long-distance telephone rate reduc-
tions are announced. Page ALL
Evening star., 1941-06-05

(See OIL, Page A-30
Evening star., 1941-06-05

(See CAIRO, Page A-4)
Evening star., 1941-06-05
Weather Forecast

falr' slightly cooler; lowest about 81
tonlght; tomorrow mostly clear, mod
erate temperature. Temperatures to-
oay-Hlghest, 66, at midnight; lowest,
oO at 1890 am; 81 at pm.
from the United Sta!es Weather Bureau report.
Full Details on Page AZ
Evening star., 1941-06-05

(See STRIKES, Page A-30
Evening star., 1941-06-05

(See NEAR EAST, Page A-40
Evening star., 1941-06-05

(See ST. LAWRENCE, Page AS
Evening star., 1941-06-05
Stock Averages
By VICTOR EUBANK,
Associated Press Financial Writer.

NEW YORK, June 5.-While there
was far from a bull stampede in to-
days stock market, recovery forces
continued to extend their positions
on various fronts.
HeSitant at the start, prices be-
gan to firm near the second hour
with volume picking up substantially.
Gains for assorted faVorites ranged
from fractions to point and isolated
blue chips" tackled on as much as
when the going was good.
Dealings slackened after midday
and, in addition to top quotations
being shaved in many cases, minus
signs were to be seen here and there
at the close. Transfers of around
500 900 shares were the largest in
about a month.
Stimulants were found in mount
ing defense spending and the belief
that a certain amount of initiation
was likely because of climbing prices
of goods and almost rally wage
hoists.
T1eID III also was NeSUe1QdyS &C
ton of the House Ways and Means
Committee in turning down the
Treasury's excess tax proposals.
Many corporations, it was suggested,
would be aided if the present taxing
bases are maintained.
Stemming the buying tide to some
extent, it was said, were gloomier
war dispatches and fears spreading
governmental controls might retard
industry.
Stocks getting into new high ter
ritory for the year included Console
dated Aircraft, Savage Arms, Lehigh
Valley Coal common and preferred
and United States distributing pre-
ferred.
Supported were Du Pont, J. 7.
Case, Philip Morris, Douglas Air
craft, Standard Oil New jersey,
Texas Corp, Chesapeake & Ohio,
Youngstown Sheet, Consolidated Ed
ison. North American, Standard Gas
preferreds. International Nickel,
Kennecott and American Sugar Re-
filming.
Motors. mail orders. rubbers and
the majority of the steels and rails
were sluggish. Faiardo Sugar hit a
new 194l bottom.
Evening star., 1941-06-05
Colombia 10 Start Debt
Refinaneing on June 80
BY the Associated Press.

Dr.. Gabriel Turbay, Colombian
Ambassador, announced yesterday
that effective June 80 Colombia
would begin ref1nancing of its dol
lar debt of S43,716,5O0.
The offer to bondholders, an
nounced simultaneously last night
in New York and Bogota, provides
for issuance of S50,000,000 in Re-
public of Colombia 8 per cent eX-
ternal sinking fund dollar bonds to
be exchanged, in equal principal
amounts, for the republics 6 per
cent external sinking fund gold
bonds dated July l, 1927, and due
January 1, 1861, and per cent ex-
ternal sinking fund gold bonds of
1928, due October /, 1861.
The amount of bonds of the new
loan available for this exchange is
not to exceed an aggregate principal
amount of S43,716,5OO. The balance
of the new loan, amounting to
Sc, ,283 500, is reserved for issuance
in exchange for coupons of the 1927
loan maturing July l, 1885, through
July l, 1889, inclusive, and for cou-
pons of the 1923 loan, maturing
April l, 1885, through October l,
1889, inclusive, in an amount equal
to so per cent of the face amount
of such coupons.
In addition, cash in an amount
equal to interest at the annual rate
OF 3 per cent for the period from
July l, 1910, to october l, 1910, the
date Of the new bonds on the 1927
bonds rendered in exchange.
Evening star., 1941-06-05
American Bantam BACKLOG
Climbs TO S3,OOO,OOO
By the Associated Press

By the Associated Press.
BUTLER. Pa, June 5.-The Amer
lean Bantam Car Co. announced
today that receipt of an s864.l41
contract from the War Department
for reconnaissance trucks has
boosted its backlog of orders to an
unprecedented figure of approxi-
mately 100000.
President Francis H. Fem said
the largest orders call for 1900
reconnaissance trucks and parts. in
addition to "a substantial quantity
of British war orders for which the
company is now engaged in a tooIing
program and on which production
will start in September" He added
that the company will make a profit
this year "for the first time since
1886"
Evening star., 1941-06-05
Sugar Imports Advance
Far Above Year Ago
By the Associated Press.

.
The Agriculture Department re-
ported today that imports Of sugar
under the quota system totaled
2,817,650 short tons, raw value, dur
ing the first five months of this
year.
Imports during the corresponding
period last year amounted to 1885,
531 tons.
Under present quotas, an addi-
tional 2.014,345 tons may be imported
before the end of the year.
The imports for the five-month
period were from the following
sources:
Cuba. 1,337,693 tons; the Philip
pines, 537,17O; Puerto Rico, SGT 1852;
Hawaii, 334,986; the Virgin Islands,
1,764, and foreign countries other
than Cuba, 36,685.
Evening star., 1941-06-05
Boston Wool Market

BOSTON June 5 Up UNITED States De-
partment of AgricultureD New business
was very slow TODAY on the Boston wool
market. An occasional request for ter
ritory woods was received from mills that
had not previously bought contracts. Some
OF these inquiries resulted in sales Of mod
crate volume.
Original bag fine territory wool of short
to good French combing length brought
81 to 81 OBJ secured basis Combng quar-
ter-blood territory wool moved at prices
mostly on the low side of the range S4 to
81 cents secured basis.
Combng three-eishths and ouartsS
blood bright fleece woods we're quoted steady
at 46 to AZ cents, in the grease. but sales
were SLOW
Evening star., 1941-06-05

v T.
11:00 A NJ l2O 1900 Noon ooo noo
100 Pm ------- 100000 200 PM as0 oo0
Total Sales the day, 10000
sUnt
bankruptcy
benkruptcy Act or securities assumed
Rates Of dividends in the FOREGOING animal
purseents the
included ~ ~N-N u4'tNe4'NS Sle uot
Elk dividends Also extra or extras Cash
IN
in
dividends paid declared
Evening star., 1941-06-05
u. S. Rubber Declares
Preferred Dividend
Special Dispatch to The Star.


NEW YORK, June 5-A dividend
of per cent was declared on the
outstanding 8 per cent non-cumula-
tive first preferred stock of United
States Rubber Co.. at the regular
monthly meeting of directors here.
The dividend is payable June 81
to holders of record June 20. The
last previous dividend on this stock
was 2 per cent paid on March %,
1q4f.
Evening star., 1941-06-05
Hudson Motor Sales
Highest Since 1886
special Dispatch to The Star

Special Dispatch to The Star
DETROIT, June 5.-Maintaining
the flve-year record pace set in
April, total retail sales of new Hud-
son cars for the four weeks ended
May "a amounted to 10,315 units
and represented the best CORE
spending four-week period since
1886, according to George H. Pratt,
general sales manager of the Hud-
son Motor Car Co.
Domestic sales for the period
amounted to 9,935 units, gain of
81 per cent over the same four weeks
year ago, Mr.. Pratt stated.
Evening star., 1941-06-05
Newspaper Advertising
Ahead of Year Ago
Special Dispatch to The Star.

SptclaI Dlspatch 20 Ihe Slar.
CHICAGO, June 5-Newspaper
advertising lineage placed by re-
tailers during the week ended May
"a, 1941, showed a gain of 3.5 per
cent over the corresponding week
of 1910, Advertising Age reported.
The cumulative total for the 2l-
week period ended May "a, was 3.3
per cent ahead of year ago.
Evening star., 1941-06-05
200 Cars Ordered
By Northern Pacific
RY the Associated Press.

NEW YORK, June 5.-The North
ern Pacific Railway Co. announced
today it had ordered 1900 freight
cars at price of about S6,900000.
The orders were distributed as fol-
lows: American Car & Foundry Co.,
st. Louis plant, 1850 steel box cars
and 200 ballast cars; Pullman
Standard Car & Manufacturing Co.,
Michigan City, Ind, 500 box cars,
and Northern Pacific Shops, Laurel,
Mont, $50 box cars.
Evening star., 1941-06-05
WiIIkie Joins Board
Of Insurance Firms
By the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, June 5.-The elec-
ton of Wendell L. Willkie as a di-
rector of the Federal Insurance Co.
and its subsidiary, Vigilant Insur-
ance Co., was announced Yesterday.
Federal, whose home Office is in
Jersey City, N. j., specializes in fire,
marine and general casualty in
surance.
The 1910 Republican standard
bearer became partner in the New
York law firm of Miller, Owen, Otis
& Bailly in April.
Evening star., 1941-06-05
Insurance Payments
AT New 1o41 Peak

BY The ASSoClaled PIeSS.
NEW YORK, June 5.-Total pay
ments to life insurance policyholders
and their beneficiaries during April
amounted to 1921, 1888 900, the largest
months total this year, the Institute
of Life Insurance announced.
April payments brought the l941
total to S90o.511 900.
Evening star., 1941-06-05
What Stocks
Exchange Director Named

BOSTON, June LP)-Ralph
Hornblower. senior partner of Horn
blower & Weeks, was appointed a
governor of the Boston Stock Ex-
change to fill vacancy caused by
the death of his father, Henry Horn
blower.
Evening star., 1941-06-05
Insurance Stocks

NEW YORK. June ,P,.-Nstional As
soclauon Securities Dealers Inc:
Evening star., 1941-06-05

q ItINV FAII 4 OF tNIIdS.
Declared or paid so far this year.
e Paid last year.
Quotations furnished by National ASso-
citation Of Securities Dealers, Inc, which
states they do NOT necessarily reflect actual
transactions or firm bids or offers, but
should indicate approximate prices.
Evening star., 1941-09-27
SawduSt Path Best
Suited to Informal
Type of Garden

These days between intensive gar
den work and the time when the
garden takes its winter nap are ideal
for doing such construction work as
we know is necessary. Among the
many tasks at the moment is the
improvement Of existing walks or
the creation of others.
The strictly informal garden offers
an ideal setting for the sawdust
path. 1t is also one of the easiest
to build.
For a start excavate the intended
path to depth of 4 or S inches and
along the sides of the excavation
lay tree trunks of about equal
diameter. Then hunt up a sawmill,
where in most cases sawdust is given
away. Haul this to your place and
fill in between the tree trunks with
sawdust. lamp it down and soak
it thoroughly Continue this process
until the path is filled to the top.
BY next spring the sawdust will
have taken on a weathered appear
ance and you will find that you have
an ideal dry path in all kinds of
weather. In addition, you can boast
of the fact that 1t costs you very
little and differs materially from
those which your neighbors have
built.
Evening star., 1941-09-27
Recently Divided
POppies Require
Light Mulch

Gardeners boast about the success
they have with oriental poppies and
mention that they need no winter
protection after they are once es-
tablished. This is admittedly true,
but recently divided oriental poppy
when transplanted to it's perma-
nent quarters is not we'll estab-
lished and is bettered by being
covered with mulch of some sort
over its first winter.
The covering over newly trans
planted oriental poppies need not
be heavy. AS matter of fact, it
is very much better to use a light,
airy covering material, such as
boughs cut from pine trees, straw,
marsh grass or excelsior.
The gardener who may have diff
f1culty in obtaining any of the
recommended materials will find
that the recently introduced glass
wool answers the purpose admirably
In addition, glass wool can be
saved from year TO year and is cheap
enough to be used by the average
gardener. All these recommends
tions apply to the gardeners in the
middle States and the farthest
south of the Northern States.
Southern gardeners need not pro-
tect their newly set oriental pop
pies. Those in the extreme North
will find that the recommendation
of so light covering does not meet
their needs. Their plants should be
protected by mounding 6 or more
inches of dirt over the crown of
each newly set oriental poppy.
Do not cover the leaves.
Evening star., 1941-09-27
Divide tOGive
Garden More
PerennialS

Garden beginners find the modern
varieties of perennials so attractive
that they want a whole garden full
They have learned perennials have
a graceful foliage which has re-
manned green during the hot parts
of the summer when even some an
nuals dried up while the flowers
produced on the single plants they
purchased in spring exceeded their
expectations both in quality and
abundance. They wish for more.
This is an ideal time to divide
even the small clumps of peren-
mails so that next year four or
maybe as many as eight plants can
be had where only one glorified the
garden this year.
The division is very simple. The
plants are lifted and all dirt is
washed away from the roots. Va
rieties like the MichaelmaS daisies
will show a number of plants. all
growing near the same crown. These
are simply torn apart and replanted
in freshly prepared soil.
Those sorts which have q single
tap root can be cut into four or more
sections so that each retains part
OF the plants crown. Each division
can be replanted to make a new
plant.
Evening star., 1941-09-27
Prepare Soil
For Sodded
Grassplot
= Grading Should Be
Finished Before
Applying Turf

The quickest wav to establish 2
lawn on a newly-acouired lot is with
sod. AS ordinarily practiced By
builders, sodding is subject to a Sc
rious objection. 1t makes an imme-
date showing; but, since little OF
nothing is done to prepare the soil
under the sod for the reception OF
the grass roots, the lawn soon be-
comes other than attractive.
This can be prevented by prepar-
ing the soil for Sodding in much the
same way that the soil would be
prepared for new lawn. Peat moss
and inorganic or organic fertilizer
whichever Is preferred, should be
worked into the soil so that when
the roots do emerge from the sod
they have something on which to
feed.
For all ordinary purposes. sod
should be about one inch thick and
cut evenly. Wherever unevenness is
apparent on the soil. grading should
be done before .sodding The high
points can be cut off and used to
fill up the low spots so the lawn
will be level.
When laying the strips of sod,
pack the spaces between the strips
with rich soil. lamp the sod until
the whole is even and soak thor
oughly.
A lawn prepared from good blue
grass sod in this manner will always
be the equal of one grown from
seed.
Evening star., 1941-09-27
News and Views Of Horticultural Activities National Capital Area
Plan Now
For Rock
Garden

Those of you who intend to build
rock gardens next season will find
this an ideal time to put in the rock
work or background for the flowers,
The brisk autumn days are ideal for
rock collections. Time and time
again we seek rock gardens built
from concrete obtained from the
debris when streets were repaved
or when the cellars were broken up
and recemented. This material
stuck into the ground resembles
more closely a group Of dragons
teeth than naturahstic rock forma-
tion.
ANY one intending to build rock
garden will find that the extra effort
needed in collecting large rocks
from fields or other places, or buying
them, will pay handsome dividends
in the final appearance of the gar
den. Quarry rock with its smooth
or mechanical appearing surfaces is
seldom better-appearing than broken
concrete.
When placing the rocks IN the
soil, do it so that they rest in the
same position in which they were
found in the state of nature. Ar
range the rock garden so that the
water running from one rock drains
into a flSsure between the next one
Far too often rocks are placed so that
the water from the top rock drains
away rather than into the soil.
Evening star., 1941-09-27
Dates of Two Shows
Are Announced by
The Takoma Club

Friday and Saturday, October J
and 4, are the dates set for two
shows under the sponsorship OF the
Takoma Horticultural Club. Each
show will be held during the two
dsvs, on Friday from 8 pm. TO III
nm. and on Saturday from am
no pm, in the auditorium of Ia
knn1a Cd. c. School, Piney Branch
Mnsd and Dahlia street NV.
This event comprises the oath an
rrsl dshlis show by the club ano
the 7Oth annual flower, fruit ano
vepetable show. The auditorium
will be open for the reception o1
exhibits at 3 pm. Friday, OCTOBER
a and all entries must be in place
bv 7pm. Containers for all danlla
eyhibiss will be furnished by the
club. with the exception Of those foi
arrangements.
All varieties in the two shoWlngS
must be correctly labeled and al
exhibits for competition must be
grown by the exhibitor. R. H. F1eo-
Ter is president of the club, EdWarc
W. Bailey, secretary. Judges Tor the
dahlia show are Percy F, Fulton ano
l.. M. Clarke. Mrs. E. A. Clark vii
nudge the flower, fruit and vegetable
show. Oliver E. Sweet and Clar-
ence w. Moore are co-chalrmen Of
the Exhibition Committee for botf
events.
Evening star., 1941-09-27

Trees and Shrubs
Must Be Protected

Fall-transplanted trees and shrubs
sometimes sustain injury in the
trunk area from the effect of winter
sun and drying winds. This DAM
age creeps up so slowly that we
never notice it until spring, when il
becomes markedly apparent. The
root of the trouble lies in the fact
that the plants continue to transpire
water from the soil despite the fact
that the soil is frozen into a con-
dition where it is impossible for the
plant roots to obtain moisture.
In shade trees and other bare
limbed material this damage can be
avoided by wrapping the trunks tc
their lower limbs with heavy wrap
ping paper, burlap of the special
material sold in nursery shops fol-
the purpose.
Broad-limbed and evergreen-ty type
trees and shrubs cannot be wrapped
Instead, shelters of some kind OF
another are built to shade them and
thus keep off the hot rays of the
sun. Large clumps of boXWood gen.
orally are protected with lath shade
while small trees and shrubs can be
protected with burlap shelter built
by driving three heavy stakes into
the ground and covering the triangle
thus made with burlap or other
cloth.
Evening star., 1941-09-27

Stock Now
With Care
Dig and Keep
Good Ball of Soil
Around Roots

Not all gardeners agree that spring
is the best time to transplant ma
terials into the garden since there
are admittedly many advantages in
fall transplanting. Among the ad-
vantages may be noted the fact that
there is plenty of moisture available
in the soil, yet the soil is never
soggy. The soil is also warm and
easily worked and the season for
transplanting is quite long, In addi-
tion, fall transplanted shrubs are
well established in their new homes
when spring arrives.
In fall We seldom transplant bare
rooted stock. Instead, all trans
planting material is dug carefully
with the ball of soil attached to the
roots and the whole then wrapped
in burlap.
When transplanting large plants
in ones own garden it is well to
consider few essentials to success
full transplanting. The first is that
the soil around the plants be soaked
daily for week or more before
transplanting is attempted. Their
new location should be similarly
treated.
Holes for transplanting should be
generous and the ball of soil re-
moved with the plants equally full.
After the material is set in its new
location it is well to place a new
mulch of granulated peat, leaves
or straw around the base Of the
plant so as to maintain an even
and fairly high temperature in the
soil for as long as possible.
Evening star., 1941-09-27
Artificial Product Must Be
Substituted for Natures
Organic Fertilization
Chemicals Alone Not Entirely
Satisfactory for Keeping
Soil ip Good Condition

To have hne plants In beautiful setting the
plants demanding
soil therefore good physical mechanical condition
and it must be fertile.
plant the and uncuivaed
vegetable matter domposes where falls and thus back the
soil essential elements normally found chemical fertilizers
our gardens this debris cleared burned and the
Stimulating
promoting quick growth
fertility
and his associates of the United States Department of Agriculture
called the failure
fertility and discovered that modern fertilizers owing to their greater
purity deprivng the earth
essential nitrogen PHOSPHORUS
methods refining pure