The Durant news. (Durant, Miss.) 1882-1985, 1941-08-28

of
in guarantees of future peace concerned 1t MAKES
great deal of difference in what way and upon whas
terms il is ended The treaties and agreements ~h'ch
bring it to an end must enbody terms when VIII create
a peace that is worth guaranteeing and preserving
peace that will win the approval OF mankind not
merely a peace that win serve the several interests
and immediate aims of the nations engaged
mo covenant of cooperative peace that does not
;rc,pas the peopes of the New World suffice to
Keen the future safe against war; and yet there IS
only one sort of peace that the peoples OF Asnere"
could Join in guaranteeing The elements OF thal peace
nous be elements that engage the confidence ana sat
;sfv e principles of the American governments, eie
,nents consistent with their political faIth ana VIII
the practical convictions which the peoples OF amer
;ca have once for all embraced and undertaken TO
defend =.
.crbe terms of the immediate peace agreed upon
will aetermine whether it is peace for which such
n guarantee can be secured. The question upon Whc"
the whole future peace and policy OF tne wofiu '
pends is this: Is the present war struggle Tor just
.rd sacure peace or only for balance of power.
If il be only Struggle for new balance OF power
Who will guarantee who guarantee the stable eq
uilbrum Of the arrangement! Only fahquii
Europe can be a stable Europe. There must De- no.
n balance of power, but community OF power; not
organized rivaries, but organized common peace
If must be peace without victory IL Is M.
pleasant to say this. beg that may be permitted
70 nut nv own iterpreon upon it. and that 1t may De
understood that other Interpretation was IN NY
thought am seeking only to face realltles ana 70
face them without soft conceaments Victory wouid
mean peace forced upon the loser, victors terms
imposed upon the vanquished. 1t would be accepted
in humiliation, under duress as an ntolerabie sacri
flee and would leave string, resentment DNle.
poemorv upon which terms Of peace would rest not
permanently, but only upon qucksand' only peace
between equals last Only peace the very
principle of which is equality and common par
Vnf,4 Thn RIGHT
mind the right feeling between nations is as necessary
for lasting peace as is the just settlement OF vexed
questions of territory of racial and national ale
glance
"The equality of nations upon which peace must be
founded if it last must be equality OF rights
the guarantees exchanged must neither recognize nor
implv a difference between big nations and small,
between those that powerful and those that are
weak Right must be based upon the common strength
rot pon the individual strength, of the nations upon
whose concert peace will depend. Equality OF Ter
rtory or of there of course cannot be- nor
any other sort of equality not gained in the ordinary
peaceful and legitimate development of the peoples
themselves But asks or evpects anything more
than an equality of rights Mankind is looking now for
Freedom of life not for equipoises of power-Wood-
row Wilson, Jan %, 1917.
Woodrow Wilson wrote those words before
the United States had entered the first Worlo
War and before the passions Az halfeos
which war always engenders had opscureu
the view of realities. 1t is true statement VI
what any peace should De-
Only peace without victory can bring
the victory OF peace
Following the conclusion of World War
the world chose a peace of victory and the
result was victory without peace.
Let us resolve now not to make the same
mistake again.
There are four great aggressOr nations IN
the world today-one of them has itself be-
come the victim of aggression and so has come
to our side. The peoples of none Of these
nations chose war. They were told that the
effect of their leaders policies would be to
avoid war If the ma jority of some OF these
nations seem to approve the aggressive war
now that it is on that is because brute IN
stinct drives people together when flght
is Onto say nothing of the propaganda OF a
controlled press and radio and the whip OF
the secret police.
An aggresSor nation should be beaten to
the point that it will cease its aggression and
replace the aggressor government with one
whose word can be trusted. That is to estab-
iish peace To go farther-to punish or huml-
Hate the beaten nation--is only to plant the
seeos of new war. A nation Is not an indlvl-
dual, with single will. 1t is an aggregation
of persons with millions of separate wills,
separate responsibilities.
Il do not know the method of drawing
up an Indictment against whole people,
said Edmund Burke.
If you punish nation you punish the
innocent and peace-loving along with the
guilty and war-loving, and the effect of that
is to drive the peaceful to make common
cause with the warlke in seeking restoration
and revenge. vengeance is not cured by a
mother vengeance, nor a wrong by another
wrong says Chaucer, "but each increaseth
the other
1t is pleasant to think of "disarming the
aggressor nations but it will not work. 1t
would not be physically possible, even in the