davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Western news. [volume] (Libby, Mont.) 1933-current, 1941-01-02

billion paper matches in books, or ;
total of 4l9 billion-more than {
billion day.
Evening star., 1941-11-26
In q Brave Boys Name

Billy Claveloux was thirteen. an
eighth grade pupil at Saint An
thongs School, described by Sister
AnSlem there as IAN outstanding
student, wonderful boy" Many
residents Of the Nations Capital
came to know him because of the
publication of photographs of him
IN relation to the Community Chest
campaign. He personified and SYM
bolized a problem with which the
whole population of Washington
necessarily, properly, justly and SYM
pathetically must be concerned-the
problem of children who are blind.
Nothing more. as it happens, can
be done for Billy. His brief career
has closed. All that remains of him
Is the inspiring example of his cour-
age and his cheerfulness. Hundreds,
perhaps thousands of his neighbors
will remember his smile and the
spirit which prompted it. Some,
possibly a great number Of them,
may wish to give expression to their
sorrow in practical way that would
please him. If so, the next few hours
afford a splendid opportunity
There are other children, sightless
as Billy was, whose lives require help.
For them in his name the Com
munity Chest should have a tide Of
gifts before tomorrow evening.
Evening star., 1941-11-26
In Lowered Kew

Oh, day of broken clouds and
troubled 1uind!
I ,Oould not summon back the
earlier gold,
Too bright for unaccustomed eyes
to hold
Such Splendor long. These UoodS are
gray and thinned,
The slender boughs are dark 1Dith
fttul rain.
When miStS diuide and set the SUM-
light free,
A dim and feeting radiance coUers
me,
A Uistfu1 shining, not untouched
,Uith pain.
The year sings on, but in muted
tone,
In lowered key. hear no more
the thrill
OF trumpet notes that rang from
every hill.
This music must be listened to alone.
And, lingering in this solitary place,
uait for every pure, exquisite
sound,
As faint as old Leaves trembling to
the ground
Or ouSty raindrops falling on my
face.
NEZ BARCLAY ElRBY.
Evening star., 1941-11-26
THIS AND THAT
BY Charles E. TrdceUeH.

Real popcorn eaters Of the old school
and this means New England and the
Middle West, particularly-scorn sweet
ened popcorn.
Not that the white grains done up in
sugar, or molasses, do not have their
place with the juveniles. The kids go
for them. They are good too, when
popcorn is packaged, since they keep
we'll
For the real taste of popcorn at It's
best. it must be sprinkled with melted
butt1r, and then just the proper amount
of salt added.
Hot popcorn, like toast, shows up in
ferior butter The real taste of this true
delicacy is brought out by the butter.
but the butter also receives an added
something from the popped corn.
There is a mingling of tastes such as
is found only when corn and butter
meet.
Sle of the glories Of Americas corn is
that butter makes it taste so good.
This affinity is a distinguishing trait
Wherever fried mush Is used, there good
butter is supreme.
Fiominy grits. and corn cakes, and
cornbread-
When you think of these things, you
think Of butter on them.
Something of a black eye has been
given corn because it has furnished too
great part of the diet in certain sec
tiOnS Of the country.
Where it is used to fill up" on, it may
bring about certain vitamin- deficiency
diseases.
In all other sections. where it is used
properly, which means with ordinary
moderation, it is still acclaimed as one
of the best parts Of the dietary.
Fried mush, for instance. What is
better on a cold morning than plenty
of real fried mush plenty Of butter, and
plenty of ice-cold milk?
When We say fried mush, however, We
do not mean the soggy stuff which some
folks know
It must have a delicate light brown
crust to 1t, and have so much Of the
UullCl uSCG III IOth4I4S lOIlIONFO NA4oL ~
is a real pleasure to put a big piece of
butter on top. EXtravagant? Why Of
course That always has been one Of
the delights of American diet. Let us
hope, sincerely, that no war or threat
Of war takes away our pleasant Amer
ican habits Of a slight extravaganza. We
all have been made to fidget over the
idea Of European families feeding them
selves on what the average American
family throws away. May be it is wrong,
but it has been pleasant enough: let US
treasure it. and if not, then its memory,
as part of the Golden Age.
When people speak Of the Golden Age,
they always have looked backward for
thousands of years. Is the future lining
up to show us that the real Golden Age
was just yesterday?
Evening star., 1941-11-26
Water Crisis

water department. OHlCldlS nave
good reason to be acutely disturbed
over the rapidly increasing burden
to which Washington's water supply
system is being subjected as the
phenomenal growth of the city con-
tinueS. Major James B. Gordon, Dis
trict director of sanitary engineering,
properly emphasized the gravity of
this situation in an address before
the Washington Board of Trade
Monday night. The difficulty arises
not from any lack of potential sup
ply at the Source-the Potomac River
but from limited capacity of purif1-
cation and distribution facilities.
These facilities at present have a
capacity of 1550OO,0OO gallons per
day, which would be adequate for
immediate needs under ordinary cir
cumStances. But extraordinary de-
mands are being made upon the city's
water supply in this era of defense
expansion The United States En-
gineer Office for the District of Co.
lumbia says that the daily average
consumption is up from 100000 to
100000 gallons as a direct result
Of the emergency, so that the total
average consumption each twenty
four hours is about 118,OOOOOO gal
Ions. And the peak Of the demand
IS yet to come. 1t IS estimated that
the new War Department building,
In Arlington, will require from
100000 to 100000 gallons day, to
be supplied from Dalecarlia Reser-
voir through a new pipe line across
Key Bridge. This is more water than
Is consumed by any other Federal
building in or near Washington. The
new Navy building in Arlington also
is adding to the drain on the Dale
carlia plant. The new temporary
office structures on the Mall and
elsewhere will aggravate conditions.
Particularly alarming is the fact
that on about thirty occasions in
recent months-partly due to the
drought-the daily consumption Of
water reached the full capacity OF
the Dalecarlia plant t80,OO0,OOO gall
lons). There were several periods
last summer, moreover, when Ana
costa not only narrowly escaped a
serious water shortage, but actually
was without water for fire fighting
purposes. The Anacostia deficiency
was due largely to defense housing
developments and military require
ments at Boiling Field, the Naval Air
Station and the Bellevue Research
Laboratory. In view of these urgent
needs, the District is asking for suffl-
cient Lanham Act funds to provide
new filters and pumps at the Dale
carlia plant, thus increasing its ca
pacity by 24,0OO,OOO gallons per day;
and for additional mains in Anacos-
tia to serve military and naval
reservations. The installation of
these emergency facilities obviously
is Federal obligation, and it is
gratifying that the Federal Works
Agency has recognized that fact by
allocating enough of the Lanham Act
appropriation to meet Washingtons
water supply crisis.
Evening star., 1941-11-26
'Anti-Okie' Law

In holding that the California law
prohibiting the bringing of INDECENT
non-residents into the State contra
venes the commerce clause OF the
Constitution, the Supreme Court has
endowed with additional elasticity
constitutional provision which in
recent years has been stretched to
an exceptional degree. The unusual
ness Of the grounds on which the
case turned was accentuated by the
division within the court, four men,
bers who agreed with the result diff
fering sharply from the majority on
the method by which it was attained
The law, generally known as the
"Anti-Okie" law, represents an ef-
fort by California to cope with the
problems created by the horde Of
migrants who have flocked to her
borders, particularly since depres-
sion and drought caused so many
unfortunates from other parts Of the
country to look westward for a new
start in life. There are similar
statutes in twenty seven other
States Under the California law, it
is a misdemeanor to assist a person
known to be an INDECENT to get into
the State. The case on which the
court acted arose when Californian
brought from Texas his unemployed
brother-in-law who went to the
Farm Security Administration for
assistance. Convicted, the defendant
appealed to the Yuba County Su-
perior Court, which upheld the
statute as a proper exercise of the
police power Of the State, and an
appeal was taken to the Supreme
Court.
Justice Byrnes, speaking for the
majority, held that "the transporta-
ton OF persons is commerce" and
that here there was IAN unconstitu-
tional barrier to interstate COM
merce" that could not be waved aside
by the rights a State may exercise
under it's police powers to guard
against the presence of undesirables,
for poverty and immortality are
not synonymous" On that premise,
the court found it unnecessary to
decide if other constitutional guar
antees were preached by the law and
under the decision, almost tllimitable
possibilities are opened for applica-
ton of the commerce clause.
The four other justices believed the
law should have been viewed as an
infringement on national citizenship,
as a deprivation Of the rights Of an
| individual to travel freely betveen
Evening star., 1941-11-26
Calls for Drive
On Liquor Mongers."
To the Editor Of The Star,

To the Editor Of The Star
AS an American citizen I deplore the
exploitation of our boys in the Army
camps and in the areas surrounding the
camps by liquor mongers. We would do
well to heed the solemn warning of Gen.
George c. Marshall the Chief of Army
Staff, in a broadcast over the radio:
Human nature being what is it, estab-
Ishments for the purpose of selling liquor
are becoming increasingly active in COM
munities adjacent to the camps, and in
some communities there has been an
influx of persons of questionable repu-
tation. Here we have on one side a
sordid business for the accumulation of
money, and on the other side the in
terest of every parent in the United
States who has son in the Army, not
to mention the responsibility of the War
Department to develop an Army of the
highest quality. This situation must be
brought under control before 1t grows
serious"
America must awake now and put a
stop to the sabotage of its fighting men
by the foe that "biteth like serpent and
stingeth like an adder" Keep our boys
sober! RALPH B. NESTLER.
Evening star., 1941-11-26

the States. Justice Jackson was
especially insistent upon this point,
emphasizing that to decide such a
case as falling within the protection
OF the commerce clause lis likely to
result eventually either in distorting
the commercial law or in denaturing
human rights" This is an appealing
argument. 1t is true, as Justice
Jackson pointed out, that precise
definition of the privileges and i'm
munities" conferred by the Four
teenth amendment is difficult, but
that fact, as he we'll stated, did not
excuse the court from meeting that
issue in a specific instance.
Evening star., 1941-11-26
The American Woy

Senators Gillette, Democrat, Of
Iowa ard Taft, Republican, Of Ohio
have given effect to basic principle
of democracy in announcing their
intention to give full support to the
President in any new international
moves which are consistent with the
will of Congress as expressed
through the votes on revision of the
Neutrality Act and the Lease-Lend
Act.
Both of these men are members Of
a minority group in the Senate which
is opposed to many aspects of the
Presidents foreign policy. They
took a leading part In the fight
against revision of the Neutrality
Act, for example, in the belief that
the change would be an unnecessary
step toward formal involvement in
war.
That issue has been disposed Of,
however, in the normal democratic
way. A majority in Congress, after
full debate, has resolved the question
in the Presidents favor and that, as
Senators Taft and Gillette point out,
should end the matter so far as mi
nority opposition is concerned.
AS new questions arise, of course,
it is to be expected that both Sena-
tors will be found once again in the
ranks of the opposition if, in their
judgment, that is where they should
take their stand. But they have
signified that, for them, opposition is
at an end on issues which have been
thrashed out and disposed of. That
is the American way of doing things,
and both Senators are to be COM
mended for their fortnight espousal
Of It.
Evening star., 1941-11-26

resort to the other provisions failed
to produce a settlement.
Certainly enactment Of such a law
would be more than a pious express
sion of hope that industrial disputes
henceforth would not result in de-
fenSe-crippling strikes. And, with
equal certainty, it may be said that
something more is needed in this
connection than reliance on hopes
whose futility has been clearly DEM
onstrated.
Evening star., 1941-11-26

@. Where is the largest bullhghting
arena in the WORLDS. G.
A. E. Toreo in Mexico City Is the
largest bullfght ring in the world.
Q. Is it possible for a sailboat or an
icebOat to travel faster than the wind?
M. x. G..
A, No sailing vessel can sail faster
than a wind blowing directly astern be-
cause there is too much friction for that
to happen. A light racing vessel, how
ever, and an iceboat may sail much
faster than wind blowing more or less
at right angles to their course. Iceboats
have been known to sail twice as fast as
the wind driving them.
@. What is the smallest owl?-M. J.B.
A. The elf owl is the smallest owl in
North America, being about 8 inches
long.
@. How much money is IN circula-
tion?-M. J. P.
A. On October 81, 1941, money In cir
culation totaled s1o,362 ,e65 ,839, or s77.55
per capita.
@. When was Ohio the leading OIL
producing State?-C. T. ].
A According to the census Of 1900. in
1899 Ohio led the Nation in petroleum
output. The first Ohio well was drilled
at Macksburg, near Marietta. in 1860,
but the big production started in the
sos around Findlay and Lima.
@. At what temperature should car
donated beverages be kept?-D. P. E.
A. Carbonated drinks are at their best
when neither too warm nor too cold.
Approximately 40 degrees is the most
satisfactory temperature.
@. Why was the name Archangel given
to the Russian seaport?-K. F.
A. Archangel was founded and named
been shipwrecked and found refuge there
in the old monastery of Saint Michael
the Archangel.
@. Please give the names Of some IA
nous men of the past and present who
loved cats.-B. r. D.
A. The list would include Mark Twain.
Thomas Carlyle. Charles Dudley Warner,
Edgar Allan Poe, Cardinal Richelieu,
Theodore Roosevelt, Lord Lothian, Booth
Harrington and William Lyon Phelps.
O. What countries reward parents for
having large families?-M D. o.
A. New types of decoration are now
bestowed officially on mothers OF large
families in Germany and Italy rewards
Its fertile mothers with medals. Tax
exemptions. family grants and other
privileges are accorded fathers of large
families in both Germany and Italy.
@. Why do the Russians observe
Christmas on January 7?-H. K.
A. The Russian people continue to
celebrate their Christmas on January 7
because there is a difference of 13 DAYS
between the calendar used by the Greek
Orthodox Church and that used by the
people of the Western World.
Evening star., 1941-11-26
"TILDEN STREET.

Dear Sir:
will birds eat popcorn?
1--WE are very fond Of this old-fash-
ioned dencacy, in our family, having it
at least once a week all fall and winter.
1T has occurred to me that the birds
might like It, but before I put any out
I thought I would write to you to find
out.
"You seem to know what the birds eat
and what they won't eat.
Il have tried many things on our
featnered friends While they like canta-
loupe seed, they are not very crazy
about squash seed. 1 have tried them on
cottage cheese, which they didn't care
for at ALL Really, if they had read the
Department of Agriculture's bulletins
about cottage cheese they would eat it!
I have put out sweet potato for them,
and this was an absolute failure. 1t
dented my enthusiasm for experiment.
ing to such an extent that l never tried
putting out leftover white potatoes.
Il guess the birds are as capricious
when it comes to their food as just plain
folks.
VERY truly yours, c. A. O."
Birds will not eat popcorn.
This is an idea which has occurred
to most persons who feed them.
But it is another idea which must be
crossed off the books.
We believe that starlingS might eat it,
and maybe some Of the sparroWs, if they
were hard pressed to find something in
snowy weather.
Short of that, they will not touch it.
AS our correspondent points out, in
this they do not show much common
sense. Popcorn is good food, although
containing much bulk. One would think,
offhand, that the butter and salt usually
put on it would help make it attractive
to the birds
SongSters like cracked corn.
1t is all the more strange, then, that
they will not touch popcorn.
AS far as our observation goes, even
the squirrels will not eat it.
Perhaps the birds are deferred by the
pure whiteness of the product.
1t has been our observation that most
birds do not like TO investigate any food
or any place which is very white.
Is there something in white, in nature,
which frightens them?
The white owl is a great foe of the
smaller birds. II may be that they as
sociate the staring sort Of white with
enmity to them. Certainly snow is their
enemy.
But if birds won't eat popcorn. most
human beings will.
1t is a rea! delicacy when it is prepared
correctly.
Brightness. in this respect, means plenty
of melted butter and salt.
Evening star., 1941-11-26
Proposes Organization
OF Labor Arm Of Defense.
To the Editor of The Star:

To the Editor OF The Star:
Never before in the history Of the
country has the feeling against organ
lied labor been so antagonistic as 1t is
today And yet it is safe to say that OF
the many millions of men employed there
are probably less than $4,000 who are
disloyal But it is these disloyal few,
possibly Influenced by a foreign power,
who. through their insidious, subverslve
activities and led by leaders with warped
vision, are able to control the loyal mil
lions and practically force them into
treaSonable acts.
Is it really labor's fault that it is so
unanimously condemned? Or is 1t the
natural sequence of events that put into
the hands of unscrupulous leaders the
power to use labor for their own ad-
vancement?
Let us glance for moment at what
has happened in the ranks OF labor DUR
ing the past few decades.
Before labor was organized the indi-
vidual had no security. He had to accept
the wage offered and work the hours
stipulated. What he earned frequently
was below a decent living wage and he
could be fired by any bully of boss on
any pretext. In short, he had no rights.
This led to the men in individual shops
banding together and by their united in
fuence they began to learn how to pro-
tect themselves AS the unions grew the
leaders became more ambitious. The
more men in the unions, the greater their
political power. This gave rise to the
idea of the closed shop. Considering the
tvpe of men at the head Of the unions
today, is it surprising that they have
developed delusions of grandeur?
The position Of labor at present gen.
erally is considered to be very satisfac-
tory. Wages, hours and security are
guaranteed. Yet something, even more
important than these. is lacking-some-
thing that makes the worker in mine or
shop realize he is in class very dl1er-
ent from the men in the armed services.
After the last war, when the soldiers
returned from Europe and the sailors
from the seas and the infantry, the
cavalry. the artillery and the Navy
paraded, the aviators droned overhead,
dipping a wing in salute, and the bands
plaved, the crowds became hysterlcal
with ioy and hero worship. But did any
one Government official, any ranking
officer in any of the services, any single
private individual give thought to the
millions of Iaboring men who, faithful
to duty, worked to mine the coal, produce
the steel and keep the wheels OF industry
turning. so that the ships, the guns, the
rifles. the planes and the munitions
could be produced, without which the
armed forces of the Nation would have
been helpless?
Now, when the ranks OF labor already
are seething with jealousies and hatreds
and it appears that the present man
agement must give place to new order,
why not accord labor it's rightful place
and incorporate it as the fourth arm OF
the national services-Army, Navy, air
force, labor?
Organize the workers into labor bat
talions. Give them special uniforms.
Establish summer camps where they
would learn the essentials Of drill and
target practice In military parades, give
them the recognition that Is their due
as an important arm in the service OF
Evening star., 1941-11-26
Statutory Strike Curb

The report that the President is in
sympathy with congressional pro-
ponents of legislative action which
may be expected to curb defense
strikes comes at a time when the
need for such legislation is being
abundantly demonstrated.
On the heels of the captive coal
walkout has come general strike
Of American Federation of Labor
machinists in st. Louis. This strike,
resulting from a jurisdictional row,
has closed down one st. Louis air
craft plant and curtailed production
In another Some $500 freight han
dlers are on strike in Chicago and
still another intraunion A. F. of L.
dispute-that involving the demand
Of welders for a separate charter-is
threatening additional shutdowns.
And in the background, of course,
there still looms the possibility Of a
railroad strike next month.
At the request of the President, 1t
has been announced, the emergency
fact-fnding board in the railroad
controversy will meet again to review
its own findings. This board re-
turned it's report on November 5,
recommending that the railroad
workers be granted pproXimately
one-third OF their higher wage de-
mands. Rejecting this proposal, the
unions set December as a strike
date. In an effort to prevent the
strike, and because certain facts of
an undisclosed nature have ma
terialized since the return of the
original report, Mr. Roosevelt has
ordered the rehearing of the case
Normally, the wisdom Of this ac-
tion, which amounts on It's face to
an overruling Of the fact-f1nding
board because the unions were not
satisfied with its recommendations,
would be open to serious question.
In this instance, however, it should
be noted that representatives Of
railroad management have consented
to the reopening, and If both parties
to this particular dispute are salts
fed, there would seem to be little
reason for criticism from other
sources.
There IS one aspect Of the matter,
however, which should not be over
looked, and that concerns its Incl
dental effect on mediation as means
of settling labor disputes. 1t is pos
sible, for example, that organized
labor as a whole may construe the
action in the railroad case as prece-
dent in other disputes. If that in
terpretation should prove to be we'll
founded, 1t would not be long before
every recommendation of any me-
diation agency which was not entirely
satisfactory to labor would be re-
jected and it's reversal demanded.
Under such circumstances, mediation
as an instrument for settling indus
trial disputes would soon lose all
effectiveness.
Because of these considerations 1t
Is reassuring to learn that congress
sional leaders are inclined to favor
defense strike legislation equipped
with sharp teeth and that the Presi-
dent may be expected to support
such a law.
Specific details Of the proposed
legislation, of course, are lacking, but
in general it is said to contemplate
provisions for negotiations between
employers and employees, conciliation
by a Government agency, mediation
by an agency with statutory author
ity to prohibit strikes during a "pe-
riod Of reason" and, possibly, some
arrangement for compulsory arbi-
tation Of defense disputes when