davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1941-12-28
Singing Family, Here
For Concert, Gave Up
Estate in Austria
Traps Left Because
Nozi Regime Threatened
Their SeIf-Respect

Nearly four years ago Baron and
Baroness Won Trapp took their nine
children and left their family estate
near Salzburg, Austria, because the
Nazi regime threatened their most
priced possession, their family lie.
Here in America they have not
only preserved their family life, but
they make their living with 1t, too.
This year 100 American cities have
heard the concert Of religious music
and madrigals that Baroness Won
Trapp and seven of her children
will sing at Consultation Hall at 4
o'clock this afternoon.
The music, which was a natural
part of their family life in Austria,
has made the Trapp family famous
here. There are no more singing
families" explains the Baroness.
I'VE have no competition" Three
more children, 10-year-old Rose
marie, 12-year- r-old Eleanor and 3-
vear-old Johannes. who was born
in this country. will probably join
the chorus when they are older.
Hated to Leave Austria.
The decision to leave Austria was
A hard one. the Baroness SAID. her
husbands training with the Austrian
Navy in the first World War and
her elder son Rupert's meolcai
degree would probably have MADE
place for them in the new Nazl
setup.
But the Baron and Baroness saw
the Nazi proclamation against al-
tending church and heard the Ger
man schoolmasters teaching Aus
trian children to scorn and dlstrust
their parents. Under God only one
way of life is right, said the
Baroness. So she bundled up her
family and landed in New York WIN
her self-respect and 81.
The family is delighted with the
reception that audiences give their
folk songs of four centuries, their
traditional instruments and their
native costumes.
More important, however, is that
although the Trapp concert tour has
leaped from 20 to 100 stops. the
family life is more closely knit than
ever. At first they all travelled in
bus loaded with musical instru-
ments, books and their native cos
tunes. Johannes was almost born
in the bus. Now they leave the three
Youngest at their home in Marion,
Pa. and travel in two cars, one
driven by the Baron and the other
by the two sons.
Share HOuSeWOrk.
When the Baron and Baroness re-
ceived the press yesterday they sat
with their seven singing children
about them. all clad in the same
kind of blouses and long skirts and
green suits that they used to wear
in Salzburg. The family found 1t
too expensive to outfit II people,
including women. with American
clothes. So they make their own
clothes.
In Salzburg eight servants at
tended to their wants. Here the
housework is divided into depart
ments" and everyone does his share
During the interview the children
sat in an attentive circle, their eyes
fixed on their mother and speaking
only to help her with an English
word. But when the Baroness men,
toned houseWork, the girls all
rustled their skirts and even the
Baron looked a trifle grim. The
two boys, Rupert and Werner
looked admiringly at one sister. She
currently had the assignment of
examining and mending 80 pairs
of stockings a week.
Evening star., 1941-12-28
-Four More Ships Sunk
By U-Bouts, Nozis Soy
By the Associated Press.

By the ASSOCIdttu F1PSS.
BERLIN, Dec. 81 Official broad
cast -Four more ships Of a British
convoy have been sunk in a running
fight of several days with U-boats,
the German high command said
today.
The communique said the new
sinkings brought the total to one
aircraft carrier and nine merchant
men. (The aircraft carrier pre-
viously was described by the Ger
mans as the Unicorn, which is not
an aircraft carrier but a tender.
The British have not confirmed the
report of its sinking0
Evening star., 1941-12-28
Messersmith Arrives
To Confer With Hull
BY the Associated Press

George S. Messersmith. newly
named Ambassador to Mexico, ar
rived yesterday for conferences with
Secretary of State Hull Undersec-
retary Welles and other State De-
partment officials before proceeding
to Mexico City,
Mr.. Messersmlth, who has been
Ambassador to Cuba, said he ex-
pected to remain here about two
weeks before returning to Havana
Under present plans, he said, he
expected to arrive in Mexico about
February |.
Evening star., 1941-12-28
British Attack on Isles
RepeIIed, Nozis Soy

By the Associated Press.
BERLIN. Dec. q tOficial Broad
cast) The Berlin radio said tonight
that British warships began oper-
ations against a number of small
islands and outlying coastal tips" in
Norway today but withdrew on the
arrival of German airplanes and
coastal defenders.
The operations were carried out
"a safe distance from decisive CEN
tral points of coastal defense" the
broadcast said.
Evening star., 1941-12-28
First U. S. Red Cross
Supplies Reach Soviet

BY the Associated Press.
MOSCOW, Dec. 27-The first
large shipments Of medical supplies
and hospital equipment purchased
with funds collected in the United
States and contributed by the
American Red Cross arrived re-
Gently at Soviet port.
Evening star., 1941-12-28
v. IA. |. Dance Planned

Alumni and cadets of Virginia Mill
tary Institute in Northern Virginia
will hold their annual Christmas
dance Tuesday night in Warrenton,
it was announced yesterday.
Evening star., 1941-12-28

British railways have run 77,000
special trains since the war began.
Evening star., 1941-12-28

BeeswaX is now the only wax
available in French Indo China.
La gaceta., 1941-04-29

%, por 10 menos, haberncs-
10 avisado a nosotros-dijo, por
su cuenta, Dionisio.
La mujer del marino, la dulce
y simpatica Sagrario, asinti6:
-iClaro es! Porque vosotros
estabais al otro lado del mundo;
pero Dionisio y 20 estabamos ?
un paso, como aquel que dice
BESIDE ell Jap6n, en- ocho dias de
buen tempo Sc baja a la Java.
En- fin, va esta-murmurt
Miguel de Guzman, suspirandJ
muy bajo; tampoco ~nosotros he
mos podido abandonar la Ar.
gentina hasta ahora. Despues
de aquella catastrofe de hace
unos amos, la Sacienda, que es
hoy por hoy, TODD nuestro patri
monio, habia sufri3o TN grar
ouebranto. Y nosotros tambien
iva cs 10 hemos contado!, he
mos sufrido como locos.
-Bien, "a psso tOd0 A1sora
La gaceta., 1941-04-29

tidas en- intimas amigos, Sc ad.
miraban de la hermosura de es-
te pals de ensueno.
Habian asistido por la noche
a una fiesta tipica de Java, y a
la manana siguiente, con las pr
meras luces de una aurora de
nacar Y de rosa, d~eslumbrado
ra y ofuscante, en- esta isla en-
cantada. reanudaron la Marcia
iQue sorpresa iban a darle
En- ell compartments reser-
vado de primera, Miguel, echan
do al aire las volutas de hume
de su habano magnifico, comen
taba con su VOC potente que te-
MIA un tono apasionado:
II Me allegro que hayamos to-
mado esta determination. a.
fin. FL pobre Pedro va a tener
una algeria inmensa.
va hace tempo rue debia-
mos haber hecho esto-ahadi6
Maria de les NieveS.
La gaceta., 1941-04-29

salvar unos abismos cue causa-
ban vertigo, y dejar atras los
puertos de una enorme cordille-
ra, desemboc6 en- un vale rien-
tie, immense, colossal, lleno de
campos de cultivo, con caserios
de cabahas esparcidos aqui y a.
LA, y donde por todas parties Sc
veian hilos de aqua, despehan-
dose de bancal en- bancal, como
81 fueron los tazones de una
fuente.
Uno de los guias penetr6 en- el
compartments de los seiiores'.
al tempo que el espacio Sc con-
NOVA con un larguisimo pitido.
Ell guia hablaba maravillosa-
mente ell frances, y dijo, diri-
giendose a Miguel:
-iLine, senior! iHemos lie
gado!
Maria de las Moves sinti6
que una emOci6n immense Sc a.
pOdsra6a Dc tOdO ~ ger,
La gaceta., 1941-04-29
OEPORTE
GORDON DERROTO ANo-
CHE A BILLY LUDWIG

Flash Gordon venci6 anoche a
Billy Ludwig, su peligroso con-
trario, en- ell e~ncuentro princi-
pal del programa de luchas ofre
edo en- Benjamin Field. Gordon
gan6 la primera caida, a los 81
minutes, con una lave japone-
sa de pierna. Dudwig venci6 EN-
la segunda, a los II minutes.
Cuando ell tempo senalado co
mo Unite pas6, ell arbitro conce-
di6 unas tablas, pero Ludwig
inici6 una fuerte protesta.
Entonces Gordon consinti6 Ell
seguir y II minutes despues Sc
meta la victoria en- ell bolsillo.
Chink Patley atropell6 al fran
ces Pierre De Glane, con una LA
We de Boston, a los % minutes
de acci6n. Jack Sherry no quiso
aceptar Ia victoria cuando acct
dentalmente trio a Babe Cad
dock fuera del cuadrilatero, a
los II minutes, y a este lie hicie-
ron la cuenta.
La gaceta., 1941-04-29

Muchas mujeres que cosian
pOr las puertas vecinas, toman-
do ell sol de la mahana en- las So
lGnGS, muchos chiquillos y mo-
zas y mozos tambien Sc habian
acercado, Y surgio de todos los
pechos ell mismo grito de indig-
naci6n.
La pobre Ketty sentia que sus
.fuerzas la iban faltando.
-SD6nde estan esos misera-
bles?-pregunt6 ell sargento,
luego de ordenar que salieran
inmediatamente tres parejas
del Quartet.
@Allf!-repuso Ia nina ex.
tendiendo su diestra demacrada.
-iSon aquellos carros, al lado
del riol
Los guardias salian con los fu
siles en- la mano, sujetandose
las cartucheras, su~stituyendo
los gorrOs del Quartet pOr los tri
COrniOs de hple negro.
La gaceta., 1941-04-29
CoRTE De 10 CRIMINAL

FL jpez Hines Impulse aver u
ma peha de 80 dias de careel por
guar un autom6vil estando boz
rraeho, a-Fernando Alichiderri.
Considerable las circunstan-
,ias lie suspendi6 la condena y 10
someti6 a un aho de vigilancia.
Parecida sentencia le fu@ sus-
pnedida, y por idantica Ialta.
a A. H. Highfin, del 4O2 North
Albany. Tendra que pagan los
dahos 9. al otr ocoche produio.
Trammell Gay, negro, 81
dias y multa de 500, por guar
I'm autom6vil estando borracho.
joe Coney, otro negro, la misma
sentencia. John Robinson fua
absuelto de la acusaci6n de ha-
GER dentaduras postizas sin un
certificado de la Junta Dental
eel Estado.
Por dferentes faltas y delitos
fleron condenados tambien Ro-
bert Lee Brown, John Ellis,
Wesley HagoOd, Bessie Lee
Jackson, Bill Belcher, Ernest
Long, Lonnie Askew, Wllbert
Mitchell y Roosevelt Cotton.
La gaceta., 1941-04-29
o PELEARA DE NUE.
VO CON JIMMY LOWERY

Frank La Marque, ell empire
ario de Benjamin Field, anun.
is aver una pelea de revancha
,ntre frankie Thomas, de st,
petersburg, y ell joven Jimmy
Lowery, de Alabama. La soma
a pasada los jueces otorgaron
| triunfo a Lowery, pero Ell pd-
5lico hizo ruidoSas demostracio-
ell fallo. Thomas So
l:cit6 una revancha Y la empire
"a resolvi6 ccncedersela.
Ell joven de st. Petersburg
desea pelear con Carl Guggino
quiza Sc lie complazca 81 logra
veneer a Jimmy de manera de.
isiva.
Billy Murray, compahero de
stable de Lowery, tambien de-
,ea un match con ell italiano del
,arrio de Roberts.
Sc busca como rival de Muir
ay a Buddy Hopkins, un rudo
gladiator del estado de Texas.
La gaceta., 1941-04-29
CON LOS GUANTES
Thomas D LoWery.
Quieren pelear con Guggino

frankie Thomas, ell predilec-
to de Frank La Marque, peleara
de nuevo ell viernes. LIE hicieron
una injusticia la semana pasa-
da; pero, de todos MOODS, 81 po-
see la marca de peleas en- Benja
min Fell. Ningdn gladiator To-
cal ha sostenido tantos matches
como 81, en- los dos Gltimos amos,
en- la Arena de West Tampa.
La gaceta., 1941-04-29
.LIGA AMERICANA

AL Milnar conquist6 su segun
10 triunfo de la temporada, de-
jando a los Tigres en- seis hits Y
dos carreras. Con solo seis hits,
los Indios a~notaron Z wees. MI
mar sirvi6 cinco ponches, Hank
Greenberg bate6 de tubey Y pro
dujo una de las carreras.
La derrota Sc lie anot6 al pit
cher Newhouser, sustituido en-
Il curse del partido pOr Trout y
White.
Detroit &c, Oh, 2e; Cleveland
&c, Oh, lie.
La gaceta., 1941-04-29

FL tren subia ahora las mese.
tas de BarG, y Ell pals iba apare-
ciendo cada vez mas bello y a.
~tractivo.
Los dos guias indigenas que
acompahaban a la caravana, en-
uno de los compartimientos in
mediatos, habian avisado a Mi.
guel y Dionisio que, pasados To-
desfiladeros de Bar1; Ell convoy
entraba en- la parte final de la
Inca, acercandose a Line, ter.
mino del viaje.
Ahora va no viajaban en- este
tren mas que indigenas del pals
con tai cual capataz europeo que
iba a incorporates a las obras
desde las estaciOnes vecinas.
Ia serpisats ttrrea. Nsgo de
La gaceta., 1941-04-29
LIGA
LOd Dodgers ii primer Mgar

Derringer " Wyatt sostuvie-
ron aver un duelo de pitchers y
los Dodgers aprovecharon me
jor sus seis hits, hacienda tres
carreras y pasando al primer
puesto en- la Liga. Con sus seis
hits, los Rojos solo pudieron a.
notar dos veces. Wyatt gan6 su
juego con un batazo de hit, en- la
novena entrada. Diez bateado-
res del Cincinnati tomaron pom
che. Buck McCormick bate6 de
jonron.
Cincinnati &c, 6h, Oe; Broo-
hyn &c, Oh, 0e.
Solo habia I'm desafio sehala-
La gaceta., 1941-04-29

de G. dfas IA o6erta de
s1SOO0r ae q club, lue-
go de una sun Ell sd.
ministradOr gaDezal Jimmy Gal
lagher. Creese que Sc Il paga-
ran $4,000.
Leiber, un fuerte bateador,
ba a ser utilizado por Ell mana
ger Jimmy Wilson en- la prime
a base. Ell aho pasado bate6 con
IN promedio de 302.
La gaceta., 1941-04-29

Al Reid venci6 por puntos, ell
ocho aSaltos "a joey Iannotti
La pelea Sc efectu6 en- ell Coli
SEQ, New York, Y los dos muchd
chos viven en- ell Bronx. Teddy
Whit venci6 por la via del sue
no, en- ell mismo programa, a Ju
lio Ortenzio de Fordham.
La gaceta., 1941-04-29
IA GNcErA

Thomas quiere una peiea con
Carl Gnggino aunQue no pafsce
tener "flus" para la empresa, y
Billy Murray tiene Ell mismo de-
SEQ.
Pues Sc pudiera enfrontar a
Thomas con Murray y despues
darle al vencedor ell match con
Guggino. Seria una pelea facil
para ell "pelirrojo."
La gaceta., 1941-04-29
Folletin No. 465
La Gaceta
TONIC SEGUNDo
LA MUCHACHA
DE LA GALE
Dios Sc lie ~apiadabal
Isl, era 81 Quartet

iDios Sc lie apiadaba!
Isl, era el Quartet!
A la puerts, vic varios guar
dias, sentados en- poyos de pie
dra, hablando, leyendo los pc
ri6dicos.
La nina Sc acerc6 a ellos, con
tandoles con palabras tembloro-
sas Ell horrible drama de su vi
da.
Los guardias la escuchRban
anhelantes, compadecidos de a.
quella pobre nina que parecfa
un espectro, livida, delgadisima
con los hermosoS ojOs hundidos
e. ~ tRS dVwRCrada.
La gaceta., 1941-04-29
LEIBER FIRMO CON LOS
CUBS DE CHICAGO

Chicago, abril 29.-El 1ltimo
de los "alzados" en- las ligas ma
yores, Hank Leiber, firm6 aver
su contrato con los Cubs y en-
pezara hoy a jugar, en- la serie
con las Abejas de Boston.
Leiber termin6 su resistencia,
La gaceta., 1941-04-29

Once hits pegaron los Browns
e San Luis a Hallett, pero con
Hos solo pudieron hacerle una
,arrera. Con ocho hits los Me-
las Blancas anotaron dos y ga
,aron ell desafio. Hallett alcanz6
u primer triunfo del aho.
Chicago &c, 8h, lie; San Luis
lc, 11h, lie.
La gaceta., 1941-04-29

deem u NaANnai, 81 n
laRdo
Hoy jngaran los Rojoa En-
Brooklyn, los Cardenales en- N.
York, los Cubs en- Boston y los
Piratas en- Filadelfia.
La gaceta., 1941-04-29

Make Shapiro, un neoyorqui
no, derrot6 por nocaut, en- ell Sc
gundo round, a Wishy Jones, de
Louisville, KY.
Descarg6 Shapiro electives
punetazos en- la eabeza de su con
trario.
La gaceta., 1941-04-29

Tommy Gomez es actualmen-
te la mayor attraction de Benja-
min Field.
FL soldado, sin embargo, tie
ne que cumplir sus deberes con
el ejercito naconal.
La gaceta., 1941-04-29

II En- maraha! iEeph!@or-
demo ell sargento poniendose al
frente de la fuerza.
Ketty va no vic mas.
Habia perdido de nuevo ell CO.
n%ocimiento, esta vez en- mano
de un grupo de gentes mobiles
del pueblo, de guardias y espo-
sas de los guardias, de simpati-
cas- baturrillas tambi6n, que llo
raban amargamente, compade-
cidas de la suerte de esta nina,
tan hermosa como desgracia-
da...
La gaceta., 1941-04-29

Mickey Makar, I'm peso well
ter, puso a dormir en- Jersey Ci'
ty, Ne wJersey, a Oscar Poin-
dexter, de Newark, en- ell cuarto
asalto. Makar fu@ en- un tempo
campe6n del estado que Sc dice
domino Ell alcalde Hague.
La gaceta., 1941-04-29

Para pintar mejor 81
casa, compre la pinturs
2. L. P, vendida exclU
sivamente por K n g
Hardware. ga. avenida
y Gale Is.
La gaceta., 1941-04-29

Larry Fontana, de Benson
hurst, superb, en- puntos, a Me-
yer Segal, de Williamsburg. Per
tenecen los dos a la division del
peso mediano.
La gaceta., 1941-04-29

Lo que a Tommy Gomez lie fal
ia en- e~statura, lie sobra en- valen
tia y potencia de puios,
La gaceta., 1941-04-29

Tommy Roman, de Bayonn9,
N. j., derrib6 por la cuenta de
diez, tecnicamente, a Ray Bonti,
de Ne wYork. Recibi6 Bonti una
prfounda herida encima del ojo
.zquierdo.
La gaceta., 1941-04-29
CAPTTULo XVII
JHacia la luz9

La caravana habia abandona.
do Ell tren en- Garoet por la mo-
che, para pernoctar en- uno de
los hOteles de Ia ciudad.
Maria y SaerariO, " CONVEX.
La gaceta., 1941-04-29

vais a ser todos muy felices
Incluso vuestro pobre primo, al
que tengo tantos deseos de CO.
nocer. Y Dionisio mismo.
La gaceta., 1941-04-29

Solo habia I'm desafio sehala-
Evening star., 1941-01-12
Joe Penner 10 Be Buried
tuesday in California
BY TIE Associated Press

By the Associated Press.
PHILADELPHIA, Jan. 11.-Joe
Penner, screen, stage and radio
comedian whose death yesterday
saddened Hollywood and Broadway,
will be buried Tuesday afternoon at
Forest Lawn Burial Park in Glen
dale, Calf.
Mr.. Penner, whose Wanna buy
duck?" and "You nasty man" gags
swept the Nation, died Unexpectedly
in his sleep here yesterday. He was
IS.
DR.. Charles A. Moriarity, coroner's
physician, said today an autopsy in
dicated Mr.. Penner died of a heart
attack. Coroner Charles H. Hersch,
however, said he would not certify
the specific cause of death until an
analysis had been made of stomach
contents.
Mr.. Penner's body, accompanied by
Mrs. Penner and Mrs. Robert Craw-
ford, wife of the producer of the
show In which Mr.. Penner was ap-
pearing here. was put aboard train
tonight for Glendale.
Evening star., 1941-01-12
Windsor
Continued From First Page)

NSOIlIII1ucO TIOIIl TlISG FdSSJ
peared to be on the point of crash
ing.
In the stock model races Jack
Snodgrass Of Waterloo, Iowa, won a
l0-mile qualifying race for engines
of 200-inch piston displacement and
less at speed of 80 miles an hour
in Taylorcraft. F. M. Stark, also
of Waterloo, was second.
Dyer Wins Race.
A 25nile free-for-all sportsmen' S
race was won by Joe Dyer of Wins
ton-Salem, N. c., flying a Beech
craft at l80 miles an hour. Ken
meth Olson Of Racine, Wis, was
second.
A third race, another qualifying
heat for engines of 2O0-inch dis
placement, went " Theodore
Thompson of Fort Lauderdale, Fla,
with speed Of 120 miles an hour.
He flew Culver Cadet. Second
place was won by Franz Trotman
of Winston-S Salem.
Vincent Burnett of Richmond
Va. won the Green Trophy race
over 40-mile course in a Clipped
Wing Monocoupe at 169 miles per
hour. Art Carnahan of Blooming
ton, Ill, also in a Monocoupe. was
second with 166 miles per hour.
Evening star., 1941-01-12
British Ship Losses
Arouse Debate on
Conveys Usefulness
System Should Be Dropped
Or Radically OverhouIeds
Some Quarters Insist
By the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
LONDON, Jan. 11-LoSses in
f1icted by German submarines on
British shipping in recent months
have aroused debate in shipping cir
cles here as to whether the convoy
system has outlived its usefulness.
Some quarters, pointing to weekly
losses averaging more than 10000
tons, believe the system needs radi-
cal overhauling, while others con-
tend it should be discarded COM
pletely.
Before the Germans won a foot
hold on the Bay of Biscay, with SUBJ
marine bases outside the English
channel bottleneck, the British
boasted that their conveys offered
SO per cent protection for merchant
ships.
After the German occupation of
the French coast, however, the mer-
chant shipping losses jumped sharp
ly, reaching a peak of 159 ,288 tons
for the week ending September %,
1910.
Declined Last Week of 1910.
During the last week of 1910,
losses declined to 81 $50 tons, but in
formed sources attributed the drop
to bad weather and a consequent de-
cline in submarine activity rather
than to any positive solution of the
problem.
Arguments being advanced against
the convoy system are:
/. 1t keeps urgently needed ship
ping tied up in port awaiting the
Evening star., 1941-01-12
Gen. HigIey to Retire;
Sd Army Chief Of Stuff

Brig. Gen. Harvey D. Higley, chief
of staff of the Sd Army at Fort
Sam Houston, Tex, is under orders
to await retirement for reasons of
physical disability, the War Depart
ment said yesterday.
Graduated from the United States
Military Academy in 1908, his re-
tirement terminates 80 years of ac-
tive service. He began his Army
career as an instructor at West
Point, returning to its faculty before
the World War. Gen. Higley went
to Coblenz, Germany, in 1920 to
serve with the American Army of
Occupation.
Since the war Gen. Higley has
had a series of assignments as in
structor at the Cavalry School and
duty with the general staff. He has
been at Fort Sam Houston since
1888, when he was made chief of
staff of the 9Th Corps Area. He
was appointed to similar position
with the 80 Army on october 26,
1940
Gen. Higley is a graduate of the
Command and General Staff School,
the Field Artillery School and the
Army War College.
Evening star., 1941-01-12
Bulgaria Must Open
Doors if Requested ,
Deputy Asserts
NeutroIs' Policies Held
Dependent on Moves
Of Great Powers
BY the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
SOFIA, Bulgaria, Jan. 11.-Ap-
parently referring to the supposition
that Germany soon may demand the
privilege of sending troops through
Bulgaria toward Greece and the
Dardanelles, member of the gov
ernment majority in Parliament de-
clared in effect today that Bulgaria
must open her doors if requested by
a great power to do SO.
The deputy, Christie Stateff, wrote
in the newspaper Cora:
Under present circumstances, the
policies of all neutral states are
entirely dependent upon the military
and diplomatic moves of the great
powers"
Neither political idealism nor po-
litical manipulation could prevent
events when, with bloody fist, they
knock upon closed DOORS" he added.
1--WE must receive events with open
eyes if we want to be realists and
guard our own interests"
Official circles said the deputy had
written only as private citizen; in
general terms they restated the ma
tion's policy as one consistently
seeking peace.
In what one informant interpreted
as a reference to pro-British Turkey,
Stateff asserted that if the storms"
came Bulgaria was prepared-pre-
sumably meaning she would resist If
attacked as a result of her attitude.
Some looked for a iew statement
of the governments position in a
speech to be made tomorrow by
Premier Bogdan Philoff.
The best available semi Official
outline at the moment is that Bull
Evening star., 1941-01-12

convoy formation, and then slows
the movement of every ship to the
speed Of the sloWest in the convoy.
2. A convoy presents better tar
get for bombing planes than single
ships and is easier for planes, bird
dogging" for submarines, to locate.
3. Because a convoy moves slowly,
planes can shadow it until sub
marines get on the job or until an
air attack is planned.
4. 1t makes ships in the convoy
line vulnerable to a spread-eagled
discharge of torpedoes.
Point of Action.
Defenders of the convoy system
contend:
l. British shipping losses from
January to June, 1917, were 2,087, 900
tons, but after institution of the
conveys declined to 1,572,OO0 in the
last half of that year.
2. That uncontrolled merchant
shipping would multiply the prob
lens of patrol and make easier the
work of Nazi submarines and planes,
which could lie in wait in the areas
to the southwest and northwest of
the British Isles, through which
virtually all sea traffic to the islands
has to pass, and attack without fear.
g. That single fast ships can and
do travel alone and do suffer losses.
A. That convoy ships are slow any
way and in any case would be easy
targets.
Three Times More Work.
Britain's Navy, which maritime
sources say now has to do three
times more work than in 1917 and in
1918, when the United States and
French navies were aiding the pa
trolls, would like more destroyers
from the United States-Or else
where-for convoy patrol work.
Many in naval circles believe that