davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1941-07-11

bility, if any, of giving the air forces
of this country a coordinate standing
with the War and Navy Departments
either by the creation of Secretary Of
Air Defense having equal rank with the
Secretary of War and the Secretary OF
Navy or by the consolidation OF all
defense establishments of the Govern
ment under . Department of National
Defense with heads of the Divisions Of
War, Navy and Air as Assistant Secre-
taries of Defense. Certainly this pro-
poeal Is worth . hearing
Evening star., 1941-07-11

c. How does the highway mileage IN
the United States compare with that Of
European countries?-N. NJ. B.
A. The United States has over 5000
900 miles of highways, which is nearly
three times that of France, England.
Germany, Spain, Portugal and Italy
combined.
@. How fast does a hummingbir,
fy?-C. 6. c.
A. In straight ahead fight the hum
mingbird reaches a speed Of nearly 50
miles an hour.
Q. What percentage of fatal automo-
bile accidents involve woman drivers?
L. w.
A. According to the National Safetv
Council, 81 per cent of drivers in fatal
automobile accidents in "a States las,
year were women.
Q. Is bite from poisonous snake
necessarily fatal?-S. A. R.
A. The Bureau of Biological Survey
says that not more than per cent Of the
people bitten by poisonous snakes die.
@. How much tin is produced in the
world each year?-W. S. F.
A. In 1899 the worlds production of
tin amounted to 1873 900 long tons. This
was % per cent more than was produced
in 1888 and per cent less than was
produced in the record year 1929.
O. What is the population Of Buenos
Aires, Argentina?-E. I. T.
A. The estimated population Of Buenos
Aires and its suburbs is 100000, over a
third of the estimated population of the
entire country of Argentina
@. Are any horses used in the Ger
man Army?-I. V. E.
A. 1t is said that more than 100000
horses were used by the German Army
in its conquest of Poland.
@. Which scale was first used for ther-
mometers, Fahrenheit or Centigrade?
H. l.
A, The Fahrenheit scale for thermom-
eters was devised about l720, the Cent?
grade about % years later.
@. How many people attend track
meets each year?-C. r. S.
A. 1t is estimated that 100000 people
attended track and field meets in 1910.
|. @. Where is the Yellowstone Trail?
p. w.
A. The Yellowstone Trail is highway
leading from Plymouth Rock, Mass, to
Puget Sound, Wash
O. Where are the famous pipe and
pouch of Sitting Bull kept?-F. S.
A. The tobacco pipe and pouch Of Sit
ting Bull are in the Smithsonian Insti-
tuition at Washington, D, c.
Evening star., 1941-07-11

country. as q result Of which he states
that: Three out of five garage men
will overcharge, lie, invent unnecessary
work, or charge for work not done, for
new parts not needed, for parts not in
stalled"
1 expressed the hope that Washington
did not have any such garage racket
eers. who might thus more than make
up their losses on smaller gasoline sales.
The Readers Digest has a circula-
ton of more than 1000. 900, including, of
course, many Washingtonians. AL mo-
florists should read this article.
GEORGE F. BOWERMAN.
Evening star., 1941-07-11

What the world needs is fewer
child screen stars in the big time
and more children in the home
who know enough to close a screen
door in fly time.
Evening star., 1941-07-11

When in future years citizen shall
describe his part in the great defense
effort as simply "a volunteer gas
saver" he may reflect that there
will be far, far less worthy records.
Evening star., 1941-07-11

Walter Duranty declares that ia
pan will not fight unless the United
States and Britain cut off her oil
supply; then she will have to fight"
Does this make sense?
Evening star., 1941-07-11

Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address OF
the tpriter, although the use OF
q pSeudonynl for publication is
permissible. The Star reserves
the right to edit all letters NTH
uieU to condensation.
Evening star., 1941-07-11
Asks If Christ Would Join With
Russia "TO Save Christianity"

To the Editor Of The Star:
Inasmuch as certain Christian Scien-
lists are endorsing war on the grounds
that only by aiding Britain and con-
tinuing the present mass slaughter can
christianity and democracy be saved,
1t is interesting to note Mary Baker
Eddy's observations on the subject: War
is in itself an evil barbarous, devilish.
Victory in error is defeat in truth. War
Is not In the domain of good; war weak
ems power and must finally fall, pierced
by its own sword" (Miscellany0
Now, would Christ countenance an
alliance with Red Russia, with its
atheism and cruelty in order Ito save
Christianity? The Nazarene said: mo
man can serve two masters" and Blessed
are the peacemakers."
GOOD SAMARITAN.
Evening star., 1941-07-11
Astronomy-An authoritative Al

Astronomy-An authoritative 48-
page booklet answering hundreds
of everyday questions about the
earth, sun, moon, stars ana
planets. The layman, as we'll as
the astronomy enthusiast, will find
this booklet stimulating, interest
ing and instructive. The index
will guide the reader quickly to
the field of his particular interest.
To secure your copy Of this publ
cation inclose 10 cents in coin
wrapped in this clipping and mail
to The Star Information Bureau.
---------
Name
Address
Evening star., 1941-07-11
PAYS Tribute to Ideals
OF Local Radio Stations.


To the Editor Of The Star:
A few days ago a statement was made
before q Congressional subcommittee
that the National Association of Broad
casters was not representative or
democratic and this, by implication, is
a direct attack on the policy of the
Washington stations of c. B. S. and
NIB. c., WJSv, WRC and WMAL.
I have listened carefully to the pro-
grams and participated in the broadcast
ing Of the Washington c. B. S. and N. B.
c. stations. 1t would be extreme ingrati-
tude If all of us who are interested in
the democratic use of the radio for the
spiritual welfare of our community did
not speak out in unmistakably clear
terms to refute even the remotest slur
on these stations.
We who minister to the spiritual
needs of our community know which
stations have shown themselves to be
the true friends of good will and decency
without which the word democracy" is
meaningless. The c. B. S. and N. B. c.
stations have not only avoided the tawdry
programs that would increase their
revenue, but in the requests for broad
casting time they have granted or denied
for network or local religious programs,
we have always found them warmly
sympathetic and democratic, in the
truest and highest sense of the term. We
have always felt that We were dealing
with principled men who viewed radio
broadcasting not as an instrument Of
vulgar commercialism but as trustees of
a great educational institution to bring
blessing to the free citizens of a
democratic community.
RABBI NORMAN GERSTENFELD.
Evening star., 1941-07-11

DeueVeQ LnaC Cney represent merely un-
warranted anticipations Of minor diff
culties''
Congressman Reids keen analysis Of
the problems raised with respect to
unity of command" is represented In
part by the following:
"The opponents of the unified air
service are Mortified at the idea of
trinity of command which the proposed
organization Creates and 1t is argued
that another unco-ordinated national
defense force in the field of battle would
be catastrophe, yet the cooperation
between the Army and Navy is claimed
to be very good.'"
lone is forced to believe that unified
national defense effort is obtained only
by the unified air service proposal, with
the Army, Navy and air under one
secretary of defense"
In 1925, when the Lampert Committee
hearings were held, air power was prac-
tically unknown-at least air power as
we know it, today was not even dreamed
Of by the average man or, one suspects,
by the average general or admiral.
The unified air force question, or the
department of defense question, is Of
sufficient Importance to warrant public
hearings being held Immediately, before
we become active participants in the
current war.
1t is recommended that the President
Immediately request the Speaker of the
House to appoint select committee of
nine members, in accordance with the
Mundt resolution, H. Res. 228, for the
purpose Of holding hearings and con.
ducting an investigation into the advisa-
Evening star., 1941-02-19
Protests Follow
Terming Britain
The FotherIond'
be Associated Pres.


CONCORD. N. H, Feb. I9.-Six
New Hampshire legislators have pro-
tested to Gov Robert o. Blood on
the grounds that he publicly re-
ferred to John G. Winant, Ambas-
sador to Great Britain, as "our rep
resentative to the fatherland."
I'VE, as Americans, cannot have
two fatherlands," the legislators
said in a letter to the Governor, a
Republican. The only place that
can be fatherland to us is the good
old U. S. A"
Asked to comment on the pro-
test. the Governor laughed and
said:
1T seems to me that that situa-
ton is so simple it does not need
any comment. If anything, the sex
was wrong"
State Representative James NJ
Jackson, one OF the signers, said
Gov. Blood used the "fatherland"
expression in introducing Mr.. WI
nant to the Legislature yesterday.
Mr. Winant is former Governor Of
New Hampshire.
Mr.. Jackson said a similar letter
was sent to the Rev. Edwin B.
Young, House chaplain. He said the
clergyman, in a prayer opening yes
terday's session, also spoke of the
"fatherland" in reference to Eng
land.
Evening star., 1941-02-19
Army Orders Three Officers
To Far East Danger Zones
"A. P. Wirephoto.

Col. Shipp was graduated from
West Point in 1916 He served in
the World War as a major of in
fantry and is a graduate Of the
Command and General Staff School,
as well as the Cavalry School.
London Attache Shifted.
The other three military observers
for the Far East are well known in
the service. Maj. Jackson is a Mon
tsnan who has been in the Army
since 1921. Maj. Brink was commits
stoned during the World War and is
a graduate of Cornell University. Col.
Campbell graduated from West
Point in 1917, serving during the
World War. All three are graduates
OF leading service schools.
1t was also announced that 1t Col
Allen J. Kennedy, assistant military
attache at London, was under orders
to return to this country. Before
doing 50, however, he will report for
temporary duty as a military OBJ
server. After his return, Col. Ken
nedy will be assigned to temporary
duty in the ONCE of the assistant
chief Of staff, Ga.
The same orders provided for the
transfer Of Maj Marion Van Worst
to succeed Col. Kennedy as assistant
military attache in London. He is
now on duty in the office of the chief
signal officer here. On March l he
will go to New York for brief pc
riod of general staff duties before
proceeding 10 London.
Evening star., 1941-02-19

With tension increasing in the Far
East. the War Department today
ordered three Army officers in the
Philippines transferred Immediately
TO Far Eastern stations as military
observers.
Mai Clarence E. Jackson, infan-
try, was given the rank Of military
attache and assigned to Bangkok,
Thailand Siam. This is the first
time the American Legation there
has been assigned a military at
tache.
Mai. Francis c.. Brink, another
infantry officer, will go to Singa-
pore, and 1t Col Alexander H.
Campbell, coast artillery, will be
military observer in the Netherlands
Indies. His permanent station will
be Batavia.
At the same time the War De-
partment announced routine
change in military attaches to
Yugoslavia.
1t. Col. William E. Shipp. cavalry.
on duty in the Military Intelligence
Division Of the General STAFF here,
was assigned to the Belgrade Lega-
ton. There he will succeed 1t. Col.
Lewis J. Fortier. field artillery, who
has been military attache since
1888. The date Of Col. Ships de-
parture has not been determined.
The assignment Of these officers
is TO keep abreast of the military
situation throughout the world"
was War Departments only COM
ment.
Evening star., 1941-02-19
Capt. Benson Will Command
New BottIeship Washington
Big Craft Will Go
Into Commission
Next May IS

Capt Howard H. J. Benson today
was ordered to command of the new
35,000-ton battleship Washington,
which will go into commission May
Is at the Philadelphia Navy Yard,
six and a half months ahead Of
schedule.
The battleship, sister ship of the
North Carolina, which joins the
feet next July, is the second to be
constructed since December l. 1928,
when the West Virginia was COM
nisSioned. 1t was authorized un-
der the Vinson- -Trammell Act of
1884, and the keel was laid four
years later at the Philadelphia yard
The Washington was launched
last June l, the sponsor being Miss
Virginia Marshall Of Spokane,
Wash, a direct descendant Of Chief
Justice Marshall.
The vessels main armament con-
sistS Of nine 16-inch guns, mounted
in three turrets of three guns each
1t also carries a heavy battery of
anti-aircraft, and secondary broad
side guns. Propulsion is by tur-
bines, developing 115 900 horsepower
from oil-flred boilers. She has de-
signed speed of u knots.
Has Three Warplanes.
The battleship has waterline
length of 704 feet, a l08-foot beam,
and a main draft Of 26 feet 8 inches
at standard displacement. 1t will
carry three aircraft.
The Washington is the sixth YES
sci bearing that name in the Navy
lists. Her predecessor was rs per
cent complete when she was sunk in
1924 under the Washington treaty
for the limitation OF naval arma-
ment.
The executive officer under Capt,
Benson will be Comdr. William P.
o. Clark of Annapolis, Md. Her
navigating officer will be Comdr, T.
L. Mccain Of Washington.
Capt. Benson is a native OF Bal
timore and is the son of the late
Admiral William s. Benson and
Mrs. Mary A. Benson, 2420 Tracy
place NV.
He entered the Naval Academy in
1905, being appointed from Georgia.
On graduation he served in various
types of naval craft, from converted
yachts to battleships. He holds
the Navy Cross for distinguished
service during the World War for
patrol duty in enemy-infested wa
ters.
Graduate of Two War Colleges.
From 1925 to 1927 he served here
in the photographic once. He is
a graduate Of the Naval War Col
lege and the Army War College In
1917 he was married TO Miss Eliza
beth Rea Thompson Of this city.
They have two children, Mary and
Howard Benson.
Comdr. Clark is a native OF Mott,
Calf, and was appointed to the
Naval Academy in 1918 from Cali
fornia. He took postgraduate
courses in ordnance at the Naval
Academy and later was under in
Struction at the navy yard here.
From 1927 to 1929 he was stationed
at the Naval Gun Factory at the
Washington Navy Yard.
He holds the Victory Medal for
Evening star., 1941-02-19

World War service. He married
Frances e. Bryan of Annapolis, Nd
They have three children, Margaret
Elizabeth Oliver Clark, William
Price Oliver Clark. jr., and John
Harrison Oliver Clark.
Others in Officer Personnel.
Other ofYicers assigned to the
Washington include 1t Comdr
Thomas M. Dell, jr., damage control
officer; 1t. Comdr. Harvey T. Walsh,
gunnery oficer; 1t. Comdr. John z.
Murphy, engineer officer, and 1t.
z. s. Shame, communications Of
ficer.
The following lieutenants also
will join the ship: Charles L. Car
penter, Louis P. Fairlamb, E. B.
Hooper, r. P Hunter, F. C. Man
vile, H. J. Campbell Leonard v
Duffy and Harry w. Seely, and Its
q. g. H. c. Spicer and J. G. Ross
Six ensigns also are part OF the
complement: w. G. Nation, Frank
M. Sanger, Robert D. Macklin,
Roderick o. Middleton, Edward G.
Miller and Howard II. Montgomery,
jr.
The supply oficer is Comdr.
Maurice M. Smith. Comdr. H. a.
Keener, Medical Corps, and 1t q. g.
John v. Provost are the ships
doctors.
Evening star., 1941-02-19
France Declared
Facing Starvation
By End Of March
Nation PeriIousIy Short
OF a StopIes-Wheot,
Meat, Sugar and Fats
Ry PAIL GHALI.

ViGHY ' Feb EsDs t5esA cam
live until the end of March, but
after that the lives of 100000
people will be in the hands of the
gods" a high official Of the Vichy
Ministry of Agriculture said today.
Perilously short Of wheat, meat,
sugar and fats, its four main food
staples, France today faces the
specter of starvation. According to
indisputable information obtained
by this correspondent, France is in
a position where only timely con-
tributions from other nations will
save 1t from utter privation Deaths
from undernourishment and attacks
by wild dogs on rural women and
children furnish grim testimony to
the gravity of Frances plight.
Problem Not One of Money.
Scarcity Of food a in no way
dependent upon the matter of
money, for, due to severe govern
ment control, the average price rise
has been only about 80 per cent.
You simply cannot find any sup
plies in markets or shops. A week
ago the Vichy market-outlet for
this rich agricultural area-had
nothing better to sell than man
darins and bananas. And the poor
do not subsiSt on this sort of food.
Despite the February IS law which
compels shopkeepers to declare their
reserves, and the publication of the
names of those shops which sold at
illegal prices, the rich are again
the privileged, for they still make
arrangements with farmers or GER
tain shops which have hidden re-
serves, paying higher than official
rates, despite government attempts
to suppress this BLACK market"
Every day brings new stories OF
the disastrous effects of the lack of
supplies on the population. A week
ago in Paris the most famous hos
pital doctor had brought before him
on one morning three corpses. They
were Of babies, dead because OF cold
and starvation. Public health statis-
tics indicate that the infant NOR
tality rate in Paris in January of
this year was twice as high as that
OF 1889. In some parts of the French
countryside nerds of wild dogs have
attacked women and children along
deserted roads.
Situation With 4 Staples.
With respect to the four main
food staples of France, wheat, meat.
sugar and fats, according to my
informant, the situation may be
summed up as follows:
Wheat crop for 1910 amounted
10 $4,000 900 quintalS "a Quintal
equals 220l46 pounds against H.
100000 in 1899. France requires
100000 quintals yearly to feed
her population. Sowing for l94l
has been equal to that of 1899, but
the farmers need fertilizers which
came mainly from America and
Alsace (now German-held).
Meat-France had $500 900 head
OF cattle at the beginning of 1910.
About half of this amount was de-
stroyed by the war and its aftermath.
What is left is extremely underfed.
There has been insufficient oil cake
cattle fodder. For the French made
the mistake Of abandoning the SOW
ing OF oily seeds, relying completely
on their African imports.
Sugar-Crop amounted this year
to 100000 tons against e50O00 tons
in 1899. And the situation is even
worse.
Fats-Situation is even worse than
for sugar.
(Copyrisht, 194I. Chicago Daily News, IncD
Evening star., 1941-02-19
Town in Ethiopia
And Many Prisoners
Taken, British Say
Gojjom Province Patriot
Situution' Continues to
Develop, Cairo Asserts
HS the Associated Press.

ES the Associated Press.
CAIRO, Egypt, Feb. 19.-The
strategically important Ethiopian
village of Njabara, about 150 miles
northwest of Adds Ababa, has been
captured by the British along with
many prisoners" general head
quarters announced today.
The town, 140 miles inside Ethio-
pia. lies directly south Of Lake
Tana. Between Njabara and Ad-
dis Ababa, the capital, is Gojjam
province, where Ethiopian patriots,
defeated by the italians five years
ago, are aiding the British with
harassing movements against their
Fascist conquerors.
The British communiQue said the
"patriot situation" in the province
continues to develop satisfactorily"
ed yesterday to have driven the
Italians from several towns.
An r. A. F. communique said
airdromes on the Dodecanese Is
lands were raided Sunday and Mon
day nights.
The italian post at Piccolo Abbai
was reported occupied by British
forces after the Italians had aban-
doned it,
In italian Somaliland, the COM
munique said, Operations on the
line of the Juba River are PROCESS
ing"
It was indicated that stiff italian
resistance along this river, some 100
miles inside Italian territory, had
checked the British advance.
mo change in the situation" was
reported from other fronts, including
the siege of Cheren in Eritrea and
IibVa
Evening star., 1941-02-19
Mrs. Roosevelt Makes
Appeal for Funds
For Symphony
FinuI Results Of Drive
Will Be Announced
At Noon Tomorrow
Dollar Club
Broudcosts

To aid the National SYM
phony Orchestra sustaining
fund campaign, the N. 3. c.
Star Dollar Club will 60 on the
air each day of the drive with
a message TO the public.
TODAY.
WMAL, 7:30 pm.-A message
from Hans Kinder, conductor
of the National Symphony
Orchestra, now on tour in the
South.
TOMORROW.
WMAL, 6:16 pm.-Final re.
suits of drive from Walter Bruce
Howe, campaign chairman and
vice president Of the Board Of
Directors OF the National SYM
phony Orchestra.
Dollar Club contributions may
be made at Jelleff's store, 1910
F street NV; Kits music
store, 1880 G street NV, or the
symphony desk in the Carlton
Hotel lobby.
Evening star., 1941-02-19
Weather Report
tFurnished by Il

Furnished by the United
District OF CoIumbaFair,
lowest temperature about IA degrees tonight gentle
Maryand-Fair in central in extreme
west portion, continued cold tonight; tomorrow fair.
VTgniaFa continued cold tonight
followed by portion
West Vrgna-Pay cloudy, continued cold
extreme north portion tonight tomorrow increasing
Evening star., 1941-02-19
Nash KeIvinutor Union
Votes 8 to ! for Strike

by the Associated PreSS.
KENOSHA, Wis, Feb. 19.-Paul
M. Russo, president of the United
Automobile Workers &C. I. o. at
the Nash Kelvinator plant here, an
nounced today that union members
had voted, 8 to /, to call a strike
against the company.
The union leader said no date had
yet been fixed for the strike be-
cause it was necessary to obtain
approval Of the International Board
Of Directors.
Mr.. Russo said the union was
dissatisfied with results Of negotia-
tions with the management con-
corning the hiring OF workers for
the company'S Racine (Wis) plant,
where Nash is beginning work on a
100000 War Department contract
for trailers.
The union wants the company to
take Racine men working here to
build the trailers, Mr.. Russo said.
Evening star., 1941-02-19

Mrs. Franklin D. Roosevelt today
added her voice to the many appeals
for public support of the National
Symphony Orchestra as the closing
phase of the fund drive to save
the orchestra from extinction began.
Public solicitation for funds will
end at noon tomorrow and the fnal
results of the drive will be an
nounced by Walter Bruce Howe,
campaign chairman, at 1890 pm,
at a report luncheon at the Carlton
Hotel. Status of the drive, re-
ported at Mondays meeting, re-
vealed that subscriptions still were
approximately s5o,000 short OF the
goal of $1o7 800.
Mrs. Roosevelt Sends Note.
In a note accompanying her sub
scription to the fund Mrs Roosevelt
said:
Il have always enjoyed the con-
certs which I have been able TO
attend and I think the District of
this orchestra. I know it has brought
much pleasure TO many people and
I hope very much that your drive
will be successful and that we con-
tinue to have the National SYM
phony Orchestra as an important
part of Washington life"
Another appeal came from Kurt
Hetzel, conductor Of the Washington
Civic Orchestra and the United
States Treasury Orchestra.
The National Symphony Orches-
ira must be preserved-if not for
any other reason than as a matter
OF prestige TO every resident OF our
city" Mr.. HetZel declared.
Washington. always known as a
great and beautiful city, has taken
its place as a musical center after a
somewhat belated start. The Ma
tional Symphony and its conductor
had a great deal TO do with this
achievement"
Urges Continuation Drive.
Pleading with the intrepid men
and women" who work for the cam
paign, Mr.. HetZel said:
You succeeded in former years
in raising the required funds-in
some years, like the last, even
against tremendous odds. So please
do not stop at any time limit, but
go on until you have all the money
needed. I am certain you will sue
ceed again"
The appeals Joined those of many
individuals and scores of organiza-
tions in seeking a continuation Of
the orchestra's existence Yesterday
message of support came from Of
ficials Of the Pan-American Union,
the American Red Cross and IL
Government departments.