davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-01-03

ernment, your army, navy and treasury. He may mean well, but what he means does not turn out well-namely that you cannot take what belongs to one man or one nation and give 1t, however glor- iously, free gratis and for nothing to another man or nation without trouble. Enough of a thing isl enough, and that is what no idealistl ever finds out. Once upon a time the married peoples of the old world looked to the New World for leader ship in the ways of peace. The ques- tion today is Has that day paSsed?" The answer rests now as it did once before with the Congress of the United States. What will be the answer: Peace or War?"
 IRON QUILL.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-01-03
Daily Almanac

Sun rises 7:17 a. m.; sets 4:S5 p. m.
 All vehicles must be lighted thirty minutes after sunset
 The New Year has come in on Q colder note than the old expired. January is normally month of sliding temperatures. But it should be cold. colder than anything we've had this winter and then perhaps few thaws to level of the average temperature.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-01-03

o. Was Madame Marie Curie a native F,renchWoman?
 A. No, she was Polish. Her maid en name was Marie Sklodowska, and she was born in Warsaw, Po- land, November 2, 1867.
 o. Are broadcast transmitters endangered by electrical storms?
 A. Since broadcasting stations employ protective devices there is little danger to the transmitterS and other electrical equipment. The antenna systems are protected and designed to withstand high light ming discharge voltages. M
 @. How is necessary man" defined in the Selective Service Regulations?
 A. "A registrant shall be con- sidered necessary man In indus try, business, employment, agricul- tural pursuit, governmental service, or in any other service or endeavor, including training or preparation therefor, only when all of these conditions exist: (A) He is, or but for seasonal or temporary inter- ruption would be, engaged in such actviity. (B) He cannot be replaced satisfactorily because of a shortage of persons with his qualifications or skill in such activity. co His re- moval would cause a material loss of effectiveness in such activity"
 e. Why are cranberries so call ed?
 A. Cranberry is the Anglo-Sax- on form of "craneberry" and refers to the fact that at Blossoming, the stem of the dwarf shrub is fancied to resemble the neck, head and bill of the bird called the crane.
 @. How much snow is required to equal about one incn of rain?
 A. Ten inches of snow, on the average, equals in water content about one inch of rain.
 If you want a copy of the book let MOTION PICTURE STARS" send to the Waterbury Democrats Washington Bureau, 1913 Thirteenth Street, Washington, D. c. Enclose four cents in postage.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-01-03

consider some of tn e c e lebrations that have been going on behind the scenes in fig uring the new budget to be sub mitted to Congress early in January.
 Incre ased de- fense expenditures will of course mean new taxes. Treas ury experts, how ever, are working on the theory that the business boom tnl1ched OF hv Inc
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-01-03
Questions andAnswers
YOUR QUESTIONS ANSWERED

YOUR QUESTIONS ANSWERED The Waterbury Democrat Service Rnreau will answer for you free any question of fact or iufOrn1a- = tion, not involving extensive ro- search. Write your question clear ly, sign name and address, e1
 close three cent postage stnw
 Medical or legal advice cannot
 given. Address The Waterbm
 Democrats Washington Service Bureau, 1913 18th Street. Wash- z ingt0n, D. Q.
 O. To what extent are educa. tional films shown at the Civilian Conservation Corps camps? 5
 A. In typical school month 7,4O2 educational films were shown 5 in the 1,480 campS-an average 0f 5 per cent. Combined attendance was 75,O28, an average of 78 e1l-1 rollees per showing. s1'
 e. Is Lynskey a Jewish name? i A. It is Irish, a metathesized or : tranSpoSed form of the name o. Lynchy or Lynch, from County Gal-s. way, Ireland. It means belonging to the fleet (of Ships).
 @. Was the date December 16, on which the Electors meet in their several States to cast their ballots for President and Vice President, established by the twentieth amend. ment to the Constitution?
 A. It was established by Act of Congress after the ratification of the amendment. g
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-01-03

TODAY'S COMMON ERROR Do not say, '"The main part of tho machine are the rollers; the verb should be singular is-because its number must agree with the subject, not the predicate noun.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-01-03
Washington Merry Go-Round
Sheet Brass For Shell Castings Serious Defense Shortage Lack Zinc Shelters And Plants Combine Hold Program
~ &sviA A
DREW PEAR s O N ROBERT s. ALLEN

Last The Washington Merry Round
  teneckn
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-01-03
By BRUCE CATION q

By BRUCE CATION Waterbury Democrat Washington
 Correspondent
 Washington, Jan. 3-H you want to know how optimistically the ad- ministration figures it's coming out on financing or paying for the cost of the defense effort, you might
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-01-03
National Spotlight

Second of four articles high lighting major issues before the new Congress.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-01-03

 defense program will greatly increase the amount of taxes collected under existing law. Belief is now being voiced that this increase will be great enough to come fairly close to balancing the seven or eight i billions of ordinary government operating expenses.
 FIvE-YEAR DEFENSE
 BILL-25 BILLIONS
 Treasury is estimating that tax increases providing an extra billion in revenue can be voted this winter. That, or course, would not take a very big bite out of the total that will be voted for defense. AdminiS- tration figuring on financing the defense program is running about l like this:
 The nation probably will spend at the very least around $25,O00,- 100000 on defense 1r five years. If an extra billion in taxes is collect ed each year for 25 years, the cost of the defense program can be met by this generation without passing on a load of debt to the future That's the way they're figuring it on scratch pads.
 Economies will be made wherever possible in all non-defenSe items. Administration leaders recently con- ferred with leaders of the economy bloc" in Congress, and tentatively agreed to hold up an appropriation bills until a uniform policy for non- defense measures can be worked out. The administration is expected to approve sharp cuts in the public works program-except for defense items-and it is begGlning to hope that increased prosperity will make possible 8 slash in relief costs.
 BIGGEST BUDGET,
 EXCEPTING 1918
 The vast new defense appropri- ations will take plenty of Congress- time this winter, and since the new budget doesn't take effect until the beginning of the new fiscal year, July l, 1941, there should be plenty of good in fighting all through the session.
 The President hasn't given any direct word on the figures of his budget message to Congress, but fair guess is that it will run some thing like this:
 For ordinary operations of the
 federal government las distinct
 from defense program expendi- nkE EnSr ha{vuA0rN
 and eight billion dollars. For the United States defense
 program leaving cut any expendi-
 lures this government may make
 for British requirementS) probably
 between five and seven billions.
 What the British defense costs may run to can hardly even be guessed as yet. There won't be much basis for figuring unless and until Congress grants the authority to finance the British arms program in this country out of U. s. funds.
 Three billion dollars would be a conservative estimate to make for this British aid.
 All this adds up to at least IT billion dollars-more than approxi- mately 46 million dollars a day. This is the highest budget in U. s. his tory, except for the last year of the World War, when we spent $18,- 500, 100000.
 NEXT: Social security, power
 projects, farm aid, labor legisla-
 tiOn.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-01-03
A Thought for Today

How are the mighty faIIen and the weapons of war perished.-I Samuel 1:27.
  A great war leaves the country with three armies-an army of cripples, an army of mourners, and an army of tllieveS.-German Proverb.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-01-03

@. How much snow is required to equal about one incn of rain?
 A. Ten inches of snow, on the average, equals in water content about one inch of rain.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-01-03

Copyright. 1941, by United Feature Syndicate, Inc.)
The Phoenix index., 1941-05-03
Push Drive Against
Gouging Landlords

CHICAGO-(ANP)- Stirred by
the opening of the Ida B. Wells
homes and the promise of other
Slum-clearance projects for Ne
grces, SOuthside citizens this week
renewed their efforts to block the
raising Of rents by absentee, goug-
ing landlords who seize upon ev-
cry opportunity to increase rental
rates in cOlored districts.
The latest case to attract wide
local attention is that of Clifford
Blount who operates a news agen-
cy and personal service bureau in
side the 58th Street SCI" station.
Located there for nine years,
Blount has been payi1g SIS a
month rental, but received notice
that his rent has been raised to
SIS a month.
AS a result of an accident %
years ago, Blount suffered the loss
of both hands, but despite this
handicap acquired a good educa-
ton, made a livelihood for himself
and his business has provided jobs
for two other persons. Relating
his experience with the rental
agents, Blount said:
81 have been living in Illinois,
for the past ~ years, and have
The Phoenix index., 1941-05-03
Prairie View
To Offer New
Defense Course

PRAIRIE VIEW, Texas-(SNS)
Director j. j. Abernethy receiv-
ed notice that two new courses have
been approved for the next train
ing period beginning May 20 and
running - weeks. These courses
are Architectural Drafting and
Construction Engineering. Special
lists in the fields will be secured tc
teach these courses.
The purpose Of Architectural
Drafting is to train craftsmen foi
the building industry. This course
will serve as an advanced course
for Engineering Drawing. 1t will
include home and small building
design. freehand drawing, including
perspective and rendering, working
drawings and specifications, me-
chanical and electrical equipment
and materials of construction.
Construction Engineering is to
train men for the building and
construction industry. 1t will IN
clude estimating, contracts, specifl-
cations, drawing and blue print
reading. materials CT construction
building construction methods,
construction equipment and jok
management, mathematics, me-
ohanical and electrical equipment,
construction and layout serVey.
In addition to these two new
courses the three courses Offered
the first period will be repeated
They are Engineering Drawing, In
ternal Combustion Engines ano
Power and Heating Engineering
All persons interested are asked tC
contact Professor j. j. AbernethS
at once. Only a limited number
will be admitted.
These are the only courses OF
this type offered Negroes in th'
Southwest. Several of the student
enrolled are taking Civil Service
examinations now.
The Phoenix index., 1941-05-03
MITCHELL WINS RAILROAD FIGHT
NAACP Official Speaks
To Local Branch Members

ditCrium
Throughout the entire message,
Mr.. Morrow was interrupted by
roaring cheers as the congregation
expressed approval of the many
steps taken by the association in its
fight in behalf of the colored race.
Morrow is a graduate of Bowdoin
College, where he was active in de-
bate, literary work and oratory and
since has engaged in social work
writing and was at one time at
tached to the Republican National
Committee as Eastern Director OF
the Youth Division. At % he is re-
garded as one of the outstanding
young leaders of the colored race.
His address climaxed a formal
membership campaign by the
Phoenix branch with members en-
rolling from several OF the sur
rounding cities. The Phoenix
Branch now has the largest mem
bership in the history OF the
branch.
Others appearing on the program
were Miss Laura Dongee, the Spirit
ual Five Quintet, the Phoenix
Colored high schools glee club. d1-
rected by Miss Rachel Smith,
Bishop Walter Mitchell of the
(white) Episcopal church, Rev. c..
E. Cirogan and Rev. j. W. Gray.
The Phoenix index., 1941-05-03
Decision
Criticizes
S. c. Rules Equal
Accommodations
For Negroes

WASHINGTON -(SNS-
Negroes travelling from one
state to another are entitled
to railroad accommodations
equal to those furnished
white persons it was held by
the United States Supreme
Court Monday.
Decision in the case was
delivered by Chief Justice
Charles Evans Hughes. No
dissent was announced.
For Representative Arthur
w. Mitchell, Democrat of
Illinois, the decision was a
distinct victory. Mitchell had
waged a fight through sew
eral courts in his contention
for equal railroad travel fa-
cilities.
Congressman Mitchell contend
ed that he had been "forcibly
elected from a Pullman in Ark
ansas, while travelling from Chi
cago to Hot Springs in 1887"
and had been compelled to COM
plete the journey ''in Jim
Crow car with SECOND class ac.
commodations."
In his decision, Chief Justice
Hughes asserted "This was mani
festly discrimination against
him in the course of his inter-
state journey and admittedly that
discrimination was based solely
upon the fact that he was Ne.
gro.
"The question whether this was
a discrimination forbidden by
the Interstate Commerce Act is
not question of segregation but
one of equality of treatment.
The denial to appellant Mitch
ell) of equanty OF accommoda-
tions because of his race would
be an invasion of fundamen-
tai individual right which is
guaranteed against state action
by the fourteenth amendment,
and in view of the nature of the
right and of our Constitt. sional
policy it cannot be maintained
that the discrimination as it was
alleged was not essentially un-
just"
Representative from the legal
departments of the Southern
states in wlich is practiced rigid
Jim Grow law had submitted to
to the court an "amicus curia"
in which they contended against
Mitchell and his attack.
The Phoenix index., 1941-05-03

been conducting business inside
of 58th Street L station, for nine
years.
Although I have neither hand
and haven't had for 81 years, I
have always wanted to make my
own way in the world and not be
dependent upon the state or any
other charitable institution. I have
never had a job, and could never
get one on account Of my physical
handicap, although I have a fairly
good education.
Now that have created and
built up business here on the
Southside, in my own neighbor-
hood, off my own people, to the
extent of being able to live out OF
it, and also give one or two others
an opportunity 70 earn a living,
the Union News company, a cor
poration out of New York City,
have raised my rent from SIS per
month to $75 per month. This
unfair demand is unjust, as It auto
m2tically forces me out of busi-
ness. job, and the opportunity
OF a livelihood for myself and two
other persons. These same people
who are forcing me out of business
VIII not give me- job"
The Phoenix index., 1941-05-03
SOUTHERN
'CHIVALRY
A HOAX

Chivalry is closely related TO
honor. This being a fact, one must
look long and perhaps in vain, 10
locate a man (white) possessing
cb;valrous character in the hook
worm garage, the deep south. First
of all, it must be borne in mind,
that the deep south, was to the
14th century, (to certain eXtent)
lust what Alcatraz is TO the 20tn
century. That is: each formed a
shelter for the incorrigibles. How
then, may We proclaim honor, gall
lantry and, heroic deeds from a
mixture in the South, as exposed
in history of the American people?
find that Southern chivalry,
like the German blitZreig, is most
effective when there is little or no
resistance. I also find that South
ern chiValry works in groups; gen.
orally from to 500, armed with
clubs, shotguns, revolvers, pistols
anu IODCy oil W WAO1N 'NAASS
upon some poor helpless individual
and perhaps his family for an i'm
aginary crime. The law in such ill-
stance, not only fails to rescue
such individuals, but willingly
Joins in the spree. This, we fool
ishly. refer to as Southern chivalry.
The poorly organized Ku-KluX-
Klan, night riders and other ter
roristic mobs, are wicked products
of Southern chivalry.
Let us for the sake Of further
revealing the real facts of South
ern chivalry, note it's reaction
abroad First, let us admit that a
bunch of rum-soaked marines
we're very successful in executing a
bucket of blood from unarmed
Haiti and Nicaragua. We must also
admit that these poor devils offer
ed no organized resistance. Again;
7 have seen the Southern gallants,
who chased the Chinese police back
to their barracks, in Peking, be-
come effeminate powder puffs, on
the streets of Nagasaki, Yokahoma
and Tokyo. Japan. How come?
Not long ago, a (white) lady was
whipped and kicked until she be-
came blue by a Japanese sentry IN
Shanghai. Not only this, but she
was made to disrobe in the pres
ence Of all vino wished to "looR
see." I have not read of our hook
worm gallants dragging Japanese
up and down the streets because
of this incident. No, Southern
chivalry, like any other hoax, has
its place. time and conditions to
accomplish its FIENDISH DEEDS
Such chivalry, may raise hell II
pellegra- afflicted South, but GU
very little ice abroad. We some
time wonder what would happen II
our warm blooded. southern gal
lants are pitted against mechan-
lied army. There could be another
"DUNKIRQUE."
The Phoenix index., 1941-05-03
White Primary
Decision Is
Expected Soon

HOUSTON, Texts N S)-
Expecting that Federal Judge r.
M. Kennerly of the U. s. District
court, southern district of Texas,
will very soon render a decision
in the Texas white primary suit,
Hasgett VS.. Werner and Black
burn, both plaintiff and defendant
have indicated their intention to
appeal, should the decision go
against one or the other.
1t was agreed at the hearing
April 18 that the two election of
ficials did deny Hasgett the priv
ilege of voting in the Democratic
primaries July and August, 1910,
solely because of race or color.
After the hearing the judge ask
ed for briefs, exhibits and the
transcripts of the testimony to
study before handing down de-
Continued on Back Page j
The Phoenix index., 1941-05-03
Aged PolicyhOIder
Or Her Relatives
Sought By Firm
ATLANTA. Ga.-(SNS).

ATLANTA, Ga.-(SNS)-
The Washington National Insur-
ance Company of Chicago, through
its Atlanta manager, E. F.. San
bury, is seeking information re-
garding a policyholder listed as
Catherene Blalock whose address,
at the time the policy was issued,
was given as 78 N. Moreland Ave-
nue., Atlanta. Ga.
The policy. Number 05650i was
issued May 3, 1926 and the age of
the client was given as 65. 1t ma
lures for a cash amount of $l8
May 3, 1941, having been cancelled
for non-payment January 19, 1881
PHILADELPHIA-(ANP)- Atty.
L. Lewis, known here in legal and
civic circles was endorsed last week
for the post of assistant district
attorney by the Langston Law club.
The Phoenix index., 1941-05-03
|Anti-Bias Bill
Is Signed By
Gov. Lehman

ALBANY, N, Y.,-(ANP) -
New York took the Initiative in
outlawing employment discrimina-
ton in defense industries when
Gov. Herbert Lehman signed the
Mahoney bill Friday penaizing
such action on the basis of race,
color Or creed. Meanwhile leaders
that we're presented before the
and others demonstrated their in
terest in the various anti-biaS bills
legislature this var hailed the
governors courage in "taking the
bull by the horns."
The new law reads as follows:
"It shall be unlawful for any
person, firm or corporation engag-
ed to any extent whatsoever in the
production, manufacture or distri-
button of military or naval materi-
al, equipment Or supplies for the
state of New York or for the fed
eral government to refuse to en-
proy any person in any capacity
on account Of race, creed of colo;
of such person."
A penalty OF not less tnan $50
nor more than $500 is provided in
the measures for its violation.
In signing the bill, Gov. Lehman
attached memorandum in which
he recalled that portion of his
message at the opening session of
the legislature in which he asked
That racial discrimination weakenS
the foundation of democracy. He
now commented:
"I am happy to give this bill my
approval
During the recent session eleven
Continued on back page)
The Phoenix index., 1941-05-03

WASHINGTON, D. C. (ANP)-
A letter to U. S. Naval Academy
reproving the institute for it's at.
titude on the recent debate with
Harvard over the participation OF
a Negro athlete into the Congress
sional Record en- Wednesday. SAID
Rep. Kean:
my dear Aom1ral Wilson:
'I note in the enclosed erticle,
The Phoenix index., 1941-05-03

or color, when many Negro young
men are volunteering their services
their country; when the Negro
to die if necessary in defense OF
people are called upon TO do their
part in meeting the tax burden
which now confrontS us on includ-
ing the maintenance of the Naval
academy the action of the midship-
men and the authorities of the
naval academy in raising the ques-
ton OF color comes with i'll grace
and is subject to the sevarest OF
criticism.
when I was attending harvard
there was a number of outstanding
Negro athletes there, and 1 had the
privilege of playing on a team with
a Negro boy. AT no time was there
any friction among teammates Or
the student body, and I can con-
ceive of no Justification for the
action displayed by the naval aca-
DENY in this instance.
81 most strongly protest against
it, and respectfully request a full
explanation.
The Phoenix index., 1941-05-03
London Pianist Is
Guest OF Honor At
BTW Luncheon

ATLANTA. Ga-(SNS)-
Prominent among the outstanding
social events at Booker 7. Washing
ton high school during the past
week were ldncheonS. nonoring
Bruce Wendell, noted pianist OF
London, England and recently OF
New York who was the guest OF
Mrs E. M Groves.
After visiting many classes and
rendering several selections for the
students, he was honored at a
luncheon in the home economics
partment by Miss I, G.. Johnson
instructor in charge.
The Phoenix index., 1941-05-03
Congressmen Be rate Jim
Crow At Naval Academy

refused to take the field against
Harvard when one of the members
of the Harvard team was a Negro.
1 cannot understand such an un-
American attitude by the author.
ties of the academy.
eat a time when We are con-
scripting into the armed forces OF
the United States all boys of mill
tary age, without regard to creet
The Phoenix index., 1941-05-03
Terms Position
In Harvard Matter
"Un-Amerian"

which appeared in the Newark
Evening News, of April &c, that the
lacrosse team Of the naval academy
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-03-11
EAGLE LOCK co. | ELECTS MURPHY
Chicago Manager to As' sume Executive Duties
 of Terryville Co.

Terryville, March II - H. Lee Murphy, present general manager of the Yale and Towne Manufact- uring Company plant, in Chicago, has been elected president and a director of the Eagle Lock Company, succeeding Eliot J. Farley who will remain with the company pending the time when MT. Murphy will be able to resume his duties here which is expected to be about July 1.
 George J. Mackin, assistant gen. eral manager of the Sager Lock di- vision of the Yale and Towne Com pany, was elected vice-president and a member of the board of di- rectorS.
 Rollin B. Plumb was reelected a vice-president and member of the board of directors while Preston Upham, who represents a substan- tial stock interest, was named to @ directorate.
 Management changes were an- nounced in communications sent to stockholders yesterday. The com- munications from the directors to the stockholders stated that the board of directors Is satisfied that these men possess the qualifications of experience, ability and enthu- siasm to successfully bring about the