davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1941-01-13

psychologist said. but an extra
ordinarily good sheep herder. Little
ones blessed this happy union,
litter of nine.
The psychologist put them through
their PAGES, when they got a little
older. Four of them maintained
Adas high level of intelligence and
all the rest were close to the head
of the class. But what was more
significant, they were good sheep
herderS.
Farmer was one of the best of
these and he later became the father
of six pups. These six pups are
pretty important at the Beltsville
Md Research Station. where
scientists are working to build life
to order.
Phi Beta Kappa Fidos.
For if they maintain Adas high
intelligence and Pals sheep-hard-
ing ability, it will be step toward
establishing that certain traits of
mind and character can be handed
down from generation to genera
ton.
And it may mean that Beltsville
will be able to produce super-dog
"a Phi Beta Kappa Fido who will
be able to do all the chores around
the farm, cook and supper and read
aloud to the family at night.
The scientists who are in charge
of Beltsville's canine collegians are
more cautious about making claims
than man with military secret.
They say merely that they are try
ing to determine whether charac-
teristics like friendliness, courage
and intelligence can be transmitted
] from parent to pup. They won't
Evening star., 1941-01-13

admit yet that they've discovered
anything. Wait until Ada's grand
children pass their finals.
The dog experiment started about
four years ago. -Four types of dogs
were chosen: Pulls, German shep-
herds. border collies-all chosen for
characteristics such as aggressive
ness. intelligence and ability as
Shepherds-andc elbows, because they
never had been trained to herd
sheep were stable and smart.
Characteristics Observed.
They bred a first generation of
each of these types, gave them ex-
tensive tests to determine what
characteristics each dog had They
found that some of the Pulls, for
instance, knew instinctively as pup
pies how to herd sheep. They found
that some of the dogs were shy
some we're nervous, some learned
quickly. some were friendly with
strangers. some were fierce.
With these characteristics estab-
lished. they began to cross breed
trying-as in Ada's case-to see If
they could build up some good char
acteristic or some bad characteris-
tic in one line of dogs.
The task of psychoanalyZing a dog
presented some novel problems
which w. M. Dawson, the genete-
cist. and Reuben KatZ. the psychol-
ogist, solved in a neat fashion. They
built up a regular college course
for the pups.
When the dogs are months old
they get their first test, which is to
see how well they learn to walk on
a leash. They are graded on every
step and every Wag of their tail Did
they refuse to come to the trainer?
Did they grovel or snarl or stick
their tails between their legs? Were
they bold or Indifferent or CO.
operative or timid?
Tested as Sheep HerderS.
A few weeks later, the dogs are
turned loose in a small inclosure
with some sheep. Again dozens OF
observations are made to determine
whether they show natural sheep
herding ability. At the age of 8
months. they are tested to see how
we'll they respond to whistle.
Then at 10 months. they get big
test with sheep to see if they can
be taught to herd them. Some dogs
are afraid of the sheep and run off
Some treat the sheep roughly. Some
just lie down and smell the flowers.
The biggest test is the intricate
intelligence test, when the dogs are
graded on all sorts of things like
their ability to seek out the one
open door out of four in a trap.
They are put in strange room with
a strange man to see what they will
do. If they chew the strangers ear
off they pass cum laude.
They have turned up some mys-
terious things n dogs characters.
They have found that some Of the
Evening star., 1941-01-13

constitutes hardship, always, some
where and to someone, and neces-
sarily disturbs the social and eco
nomic fabric someone has woven,
imperceptible though that disturb
ance to the individual may appear
when the great national fabric is
envisiored. Someone must always
be incommoded and inconvenienced,
whenever anyone is inducted into
training and service Occasionally
some may actually suffer.
ITO prevent such suffering gen.
orally, every local board and board
of appeals is organized and charged
to labor diligently in that service
All disadvantages should be spread
out and over all. equitably and
gently. whenever and wherever it is
possible to do so.
Liberty Worth Defending"
But registrants ana their de-
pendentS must learn, and, if neces-
sary, be made to know, that liberty
is worth defending or, lacking in
their willingness so to do, they are
not worthy of possessing it. All alike
must endure hardship as it comes.
Small hardships should be suffered
now with a minimum of complaint
in order that real suffering may not
later come upon all, possibly beyond
expression and endurance"
Mr.. Leahy declared that it is the
earnest hope of this board" that
the selective service machinery of
the District of Columbia be made
the model for the rest of the coun-
try"
Our problems are many and un-
doubtedly will increase" he said,
but our members, as we'll as those
working elsewhere in the selective
service organization of Washington,
realize that we are in position to
lead the way for the entire Nation
in successful administration of this
program. This We are pledged to
: do with as little hardship as possi-
BILE on any one"
Evening star., 1941-01-13

pups whose ancestors had long pedi-
grees were really morons when
tested. Beautiful dogs, but dumb.
Turkish Dogs Are Smart.
The Turkish Ambassador, a couple
of years ago. heard about the ex-
periments. He gave Beltsville some
sheep dogs from his own country
imported them especially. the first
ever seen here.
These dogs are tough enough to
police a ZOO. They have been bred
in Turkey because they can kill
wolves. At Beltsville they produced
second generation of these dogs
and began to test them.
The pups had never been taught
anything about sheep herding-yet
when they would fasten their teeth
on a stray Sleeps leg. they would
never break the skin. The German
shepherds often hurt the sheep do
ing the same thing. Dr. Dawson
wants to know how these fierce ami
mails happened to learn that trick.
Border collies have a trick of their
own. They can keep the sheep in
line just by looking at them-the
sheep are hypnotized. They call
this "the eye" This is a character
istic which Beltsville would like to
establish in its superdog.
Mr.. Katz suspects that he's the
only psychologist in the whole world
whose clientele is exclusively canine,
When he calls up people at the
research center on the phone, he
says:
This is Katz in the doghouse. /"
Some people think it's strange
that the Government spends money
psychoanalyzing dogs. But if Ada S
grandchildren point the direction
to superdog, the work will be ac-
claimed. DR.. Dawson and Mr.. Katz
will be out of the doghouse and
into the hall of fame.
Merit Hoto doth the busu
little bee, Whut makes a buo's
heart beat in reverse, and hop To
raise fly to be gentleman,
Entomology e Beltspile-or build.
ting the better insectJ
Evening star., 1941-01-13
Accident in Death
From Poison Certified

A certificate of accidental death
has been issued in the case of Mar
tin N. Fonda, SO, of 1881 Vermont
avenue NV, who died yesterday
after taking poison which he had
mistaken for medicine.
Police said he swallowed nearly an
ounce of the potion he obtained
from medicine cabinet. He died a
few minutes after. His wife, Mrs.
Mary Fonda. found him unconscious
on the bathroom floor.
Evening star., 1941-01-13
Bandits Get S252
In Eight Thefts and
Five Purse Snatchings
Giant Food Store Safe
Looted Of Sl00; One
Robbery Nets IS Cents

Two safe Jobs, three robberies,
three housebreakings and five purse
snatchings over the week end
netted thieves s25235 and provided
police today with plenty of crime to
solve.
More than 800 was carried off by
yeggs who cracked the safe of the
Giant Market at 350s Georgia ave-
nue. NV, Turman Kennedy, head
cashier, reported to police. At a
lunchroom next door. apparently the
same thieves got s88, according to
Alexander Stavrakas, owner of the
establishment.
The other safe job was reported
by Thomas A. Rota, assistant mana
ger of Lansburgh's Furniture Store,
909 r street NV, but the thieves
were able to do no more than break
the outer door and several hundred
dollars in an inside compartment
was untouched.
Place Next Door Entered.
Again, as at the Giant store,
next-door establishment was en-
tered, this time the Western Union
Telegraph Co.. at 905 F street. Moth
ing was reported missing, however.
The third HOUSEKEEPING was re-
ported by Edwin Cohen, owner of
the Dairy Lunch, 431 Seventh street
NV, who told police $50 and an
unknown amount of goods were
missing.
Four colored men were being held
in connection with two robberies.
They are believed to be the men who
took 81 from Abraham Goldberg,
1923 Fifteenth street NV, in Meri-
dian Hill Park. and 35 cents from
Benjamin H. Hunton. 1922 Kenyon
street NV, near his home.
Filling Station Robbed.
The other robbery was reported by
Walter Brown, filling station en-
ploye at 1920 New York avenue NE,
who said he was robbed of SIS by
two white men who held him up at
gun point.
Purse snatchings and the amount
they lost were reported by Esther
Lasky, 1916 Seventh street NV, 81:
Minnie Koperwas. same address, so
cents; Esther Beard. 22l7 Quincy
street NE, So; Helen Powers of
Trinity College, sl1. and Rose Bur-
ligh, colored, 1914 Fifteenth street
NV, s1.50.
Evening star., 1941-01-13

In January, Beware OF:
l. Crossing a street at a point
other than q crosswalk. Three
persons were killed doing so in
January, 1910.
2. Crossing a street at an un-
controlled intersection. This
took one life in. January last
year.
All four pedestrians killed last
January were over so years Of
age, two being 10 or over. The
fifth death was that Of a motor
cycle policeman killed in q col
lision while pursuing . speeding
car. -
Evening star., 1941-01-13
YOUNG Woman Found Dead

An autopsy will be performed to-
day to determine the cause of the
death of Fannie Fowler, %, of 1920
Sixteenth street NV. who was pro-
nounced dead last night by a physi-
clan shortly after she was found
unconscious in her bedroom, ac-
cording to Coroner A. Magruder
Macdonald.
Evening star., 1941-01-13
DR.. Wilcox to Speak

An address on The Classes ~ ~
the Ivory Tower" by Dr.. E. v W., We
cox will feature a meeting o. -,
Shakespeare Society Of Wasn..itsi s.tiyes ,,
IN the auditorium Of the ArI.''' arc.
Building at 6!l5 o'clock torlls"''
Evening star., 1941-01-13
Koontz Says Registrars
Are Late for Examinations

BALTIMORE, Jan. 13 R.-Col
Amos r. Koontz, chief medical Off
Ger for selective service in Maryland
said today that many draft regis
. trants in the State had been re-
porting late for physical exam>ea'
tions.
Evening star., 1941-01-13
CoIIeqe Course for CANNES
Shows Dogs True Character
Scientists at BeItsvIIe Give Intelligence
Tests to Find Inherited Animal Traits
(Fourth OF a SerieS.J
By ALFRED TOOMBS.

bright psychologist her grade Of 80
her
obedience only
mother German shephed-a Seeing dogand her
father which Hungarian sheep in this
a founder.
a Pull. Fairly bright. the
Evening star., 1941-01-13
COLLEGE FOR CANNES

-Beltsville's psychoanalyzed,
supereducated dogs have in
dicated SO m e interesting
things. Ada, the farm S bright
est dog, has succeeded in find
ing the right exit from a baf-
fle trap used in the intelligence
tests. Three of the doors are
locked, one left open and the
dog is graded on the speed
with which it finds the right
door.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-12-25
PRESENTS CHURCHILL

He praised the peoples Of other
nations fighting the AXIS pow rS
one of their great leaders. he said
My associate and old friend
stood beside HIM. He then intro
duCed the British leader To the
silent throng.
Gazing out at the shadows ri
the gathering dusk that were
lighted only by the colored light,
Of the symbolic tree. Churchill
dedicated Ms country. in conccr,
with the United States. 10 Inc
task OF assuring that the children
TO whom this Christmas means So
much shall not be robbed OF their
inheritance. or denied the right "a
live in a free and decent world. %
Let us. he said. once again cast
aside, for this night at least the
cares and dangers which beSet Us,
and make the children happy in
A world Of storm"
This il strange Christmas
Eve" Churchill said. Almost
the whole world il locked i'm
deadly struggle. Armed with
the most terrible weapons which
science can devise, the nations
advance upon each other.
No GREED INVOLVED
"IlI would II be for lis this
Christmastide IL we were not
sure that no greed for the lands
or wealth OF any other people,
that no vulgar ambition, no sor-
did lust for material gain at
the expense Of others, had led
us TO the firld. mi ~
Here in the midst Of war,
raging and roaring about us
over all the lands and seas,
creeping near 10 our hearts and
homes - here amidst all these
tumultS. we have the peace Of
the spirit in each cottage home
and I'm every heart.
Therefore. we may cast aside,
for this night al least, the cares
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-12-25
Us. Aid i'm Singapore
Sought by Australia
BY k1NGSBURY SMITH J..
Init Nsws ~~rAtce stan Gorrespopdent

v tSilI>GION Dee - -
Australia. i was learned on high
authority today has sent an ur-
gent appeal direct 10 Prime MIN
iStcr Winston Churchill IN the
White House for all possible aid
10 help hold Singapore.
Tho Australian government has
appealed particularly for large air
TcinioCemeniS 10 hc-Scrt- ttt1
STnc5poTc and Malaga 20 beat
back the japanese assault on that
vital British naval base IN the
Far East.
The message 10 Churchill was
signed hy Prime Minister John
Curtin Of Australia II was de-
lIvercd 10 Churchill AZ the White
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-12-25
90 TO 20 FIRST CALL

Draft officials have tentatively
decided, it was reported, 20 call
for registration OF men between %
and % first, probably all Of them
on the same day.
Later, dates viii be fixed for
registration Of other age groups,
those from Is TO Al, then those
from Is 10 20, and finally those
from "A TO 65.
Because Of the war, local draft
boards are 10 be instructed TO be
more stringent IN classifying the
new crop OF regiStrants. After
the first draft registration of the
current emergency on Oct. Is
1910, many draft boards were
lcnlent IN granting defermentS.
particularly 10 those claiming
dependents.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-12-25

anti-dangerS which beset us and
make the children happy in
world Of storm.
Here, then, for one night
only. each home throughout the
English-speaking world should
he brightly lighted island Of
happiness and peace.
Let the children have their
night OF fun and laughter; let
the gifts Of Father Christmas
delight their thoughts: let Us
share to the full i'm their un-
stinted pleasure, before We. turn
again TO the stern tasks in the
year that lies before Us.
But now. by our sacrifice and
bearing, these same children
shall not he robbed OF their in
heritance. or denied the right
To live in a free and decent
world.
And, 50. I'm Gods mercy,
happy Christmas tn YOU ALL"
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-12-25

cred about the illuminated tree in
the White House grounds and on
10 the towering white shaft Of the
Washington monument in the
background.
With them on the portico were
Mrs. Roosevelt Crown Prince Olaf
and Crown Princess Martha OF
Norway. the Norwegian prince.
Harald. and Princesses Ragnhild
and AStrid and a small group Of
the First Ladys house guests.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-12-25
URGES MEMBERS RETURN
RECALLS OTHER TALKS

During the last World War
Barley recalled Congress h Q d
similar informal sessions 10 hear
the foreign ministers of Gre [
Britain, France, Russia and Italy,
then an ally
The last address by a British
prime minister Barley said was
delivered 10 Congress by Ramsay
Macdonald during Pres d @ n [
IIOoVcrS tenure of office.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-12-25
SUFFERING AHEAD

President Roosevelt called upon
the American people 10 make
ready our hearts for the labor
and suffering which must he
ahead before the ultimate VIC
tory" can be won.
Churchill declared that the war
shall he waged 10 the end that
the children Of the two democ-
racieS shall not be robbed of
their inheritance. or denied the
right 10 live IN a free and decent
world
From their vantage point on the
south portlco. the two leaders
EAAcd ont over The ihrnrr pain-
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-12-25
Mackenzie King
To Washington

OTTAWA Dee q ms -=
Prime Minister Mackenzie King Of
Canada leaves today for Washing
ton. where he VIII take part in the
current war discussions between
President Roosevelt and Prime
Minister Churchill Accompanying
the premier viii be ms three de.
1euSIEe ministers.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-12-25
RegistrationDue
For New Draft
By February Y
BY JACK VINCENT
stan Correspondent

iH' ff'N~ ~FfNhF NNaU
WASHINGTON, Dec. 25.-First
registrations under the new Draft
Act enrolling all men between Is
and So probably Will be held late
IN January. or early in February,
national Selective service head
quarters disclosed today.
Officials there said IL would
take several weeks 10 set up
machinery for the registration.
Under present plans. registrations
probably viii be held on different
days for different age groups.
Under the new law. which was
signed by President Roosevelt only
last Monday. men from 20 TO a
inclusive VIII be liable TO military
service.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-12-25
Obituary
William J. Reardon
Alloys Compony's Head
Lived Here Y Years

Funeral services viii be held al
10 m Saturday from s. Agnes
Church for William J. Reardon
president and founder Of the Ma
tlonal Alloys Company Burial viii
be in Holy Sepulchre Cemetery.
Mr.. Resrdon. II years old. died
yesterday in his home at 1884
Wlldemere avenue. He had lived
in Detroit for - years
Born in Paterson. y. J.. Mr.
Reardon long had been associated
with the metal industry. He was
former manager of the Detroit
foundry Of the Aluminium Com
pany Of America and in 1903 was
IN Europe establishing American
typ foundrieS in England and
France He also was associate edi-
tor Of the trade publication Metal
Industry
Mr. Rearden leaves his wife.
Agnes l. and one son. William
T. Rcardon.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-12-25
MAY RECLASSIFY MANY

Reconsideration Of the 1927. 600
men signed up IN the first draft
already has started II is believed
that many men in Class ga. those
who claimed deferment because Of
PERSONS dependent on Them, viii
be shifted back IN Class la.
Draft officials estimated that
from 20.0O0000 10 23000.OOO men
not now registered Will be forced
10 register under the new draft
act. bringing the total number Of
men signed up 10 between 10000
900 and $4,000 600.
OF the number. an additional
5000 600 10 100000 men viii be
liable 10 military service. so that
total OF approximately 26.257. 900
men will be technically available
10 the armed forces.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-12-25

hLNNFsN lhIOh IaNt r.
Responsible quarters disclosed
that the message emphasizes the
vital Importance OF holding Singa-
pore al all costs.
II expressed. in effect. the hope
that both the United States and
Britain would decide upon tn Q
safeguarding OF Singapore as The
first major objective OF their i'm
mediate Joint war plans.
The message also is understood
TO have laid great stress on The
of air power in the
Pacific conflict. In view Of the
terrific blows delivered 10 both
the British and American navieS
in The Pacific by the Japanese
force. the Australian government
believes there should be immedi-
ate reconsideration Of the value
OF air power in relation TO naval
power.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-12-25
PERILS OTHER ISLANDS

Australia feels that If Singapore
falls 10 the Japanese. II will be
impossible for the allied powers
TO hold either the Philippines or
the Dutch East Indies.
Not only would Australia be
directly menaced If Japan con-
qucrS Singapore, but such a vic
tory for Japan in the Southern
Pacific would, in the opinion Of
the Australian governmen I,
greatly strengthen the entire AXIS
movement of world conquest.
Control of Singapore, Malaga.
Java. Sumatra and Borneo would
give the Nippon empire practically
all the resources it needs for a
long war. Furthermore, il would
enable the Japanese 20 move into
the Indian Ocean, thus threaten
ing the British in the Mediterran-
can with huge Axis pincers
movement.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-12-25
OFFSET SUCCESSES

Such Ia development would. II
* felt tend 10 offset The Russian
and British successes on other
fronts.
Fof these reasons. Australia is
hoping that President Roosevelt
and Churchill viii agree on a
major effort TO sage Singapore
a. The first task of the newly Gre
ated American-British Joint war
council.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-12-25
JOINT GREETINGS

The ceremony was brief. with
both Mr.. Roosevelt and Mr..
Churchill broadcasunF Christmas
greetings 10 the world of demo-
cratic peoples
In launching the Christmas Eve
celebration. the President recalled
ms proclamation setting aside New
Years Day as Ray Of prayer, OF
10 the tasks Of The
present of asking Gods help IN
the days 10 come
He declared the American ma.
ton must be prepared beyond and
beside the preparation Of weapons
and materials OF war.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-12-25
Churchill Talks
Before Congress
Tomorrow Noon

WASHINGTON. Dec. p INS)
- Prime Minister Winsto
Churchill Britain's man Of des-
tiny will address the United
States Congress and the Ameri-
can people i'm general at u 30
p. m. tomorrow, Senate Majority
Leader Alben w. Barley an
nounced today.
The Presidents cabinet The
Supreme Court and other high
government officials" Barkley
added, have been invited 10 sit
in the historic gathering.
URGES MEMBERS RETURN
Barley said he did not know
definitely whether Presi d @ n I
Roosevelt would accompany h o
British Prime Minister I'M this
first appearance before members
Of both houses Of Congress.
Members of Congress who have
left Washington for the informal
holiday recess. were urged 10 re-
turn for the speech
Churchill'S Will be tho first war
time address ever delivered 10 a
Joint session OF the United States
Congress by a British Prime MIN
lister.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-12-25

lowed Immediately by the prime
minister.
Summoning the nation 10 pre-
pare itself spiritually for the strug-
gle ahead, Mr.. RoosevIt urged the
American people 10 Nulate the
courageous spirit the British have
shown IN their war againS
HitlerlSm
against enemies who preach
the principles OF hate and prac-
tice them. We set our faith in
human love and In Gods care
for us and all men everywhere"
the President said.
Many people, he said. are now
wondering how they can celebrate
tins Christmas with a world al
war.
Even as we ask these 1ueS-
tions. we know the answer" he
continued. There il another
preparation demanded of this
nation beyond and beside the
preparation Of weapons and ma
teriaIs Of war.
AIMING OF HEARTS
There il demanded of III also
the preparation az our hearts
the arming Of our hearts.
And when we make ready
our hearts for the labor and
suffering and the ultimate VIC
tory which lie ahead, then We
observe Christmas day-with all
its memories and all its mean
ings-as we should"
lie recalled that he has already
proclaimed the FIRST day Of the
new year as day Of prayer for
the nation.
1T Is in that spirit" the chef
Executive declared land with
par ar thoughtfulneS, Of
those. our sons and brothers,
who serve i'm our armed forces
on land and sea, near and far
those who serve for us and
endure for us-that We light our
Christmas candles now across
this continent from one coast 10
another HRS Christmas
evening"
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-12-25
PRESIDENT FIRST

The President spoke first, after
lighting the tree. then was fol-
lowed Immediately by the prime