davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-02-22

These pictures the first to seep through the rigid
German censorship in the subugated nations to show
Americans the application of the conquerng armys hard
regulations
These show German troops in Poland most likely mill
aly police rounding up and marching Polish male civilians
to firing squads Probably these had courtmartia trials
at which they condemned the pictures don't show
those but others from the show firing squads
workhe bodies of 10 Poles hands tied behind their backs
lying in the open while impressed Polish civilians dig COM
grave under the watchful guard of Nazi soldiers
Although pictures have been scarce, reports have
tricked through the censorship to tell of the occupying
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-02-22

amys strict regulations for Polish civilians and of the
Germans severe Interpretation and administration of those
regulations.
Immediately after the conquest, the Nazs announced
officially that 100 Poles would be executed for each German
civilian killed during the after, and that 10 Poles
would be killed for every Pole found with a weapon or
caught sniping. Death by gunfre hanging also
decreed for all Poles committing sabotage violating Nazi
racial laws helping friends from prison camps or
stealing food parcels addressed to Germans.
In the Polish city of Kutno, posters proclaimed:
Poles who refuse to take off their hats to any Ger
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-02-22

mans wearing uniforms will be liable to arrest and
Imprisonment.
Poles have claimed that in only the first four months
of Nazi occupation that 5000 of their countrymen
killed. exclusive of Warsaw where deaths averaged between
II and Ia day. German newspapers published in occupied
Poland have placed at 326 the number of Poles officially put
to death in month.
The source of these photographs and the manner of
their underground passage out of Poland must be closely
guarded The location of these not certain
Cracow-bom Polish woman (now living in New York;
with positiveness Identifies the neghborhood of Wawe
Fortress.
The Coolidge examiner., 1941-06-06
PEACE AND THE CHURCH

1t seems quite possible that when peace is finally
restored to the world it will be accomplished by the
church leaders of this and European countries.
This is indicated by the intelligent attitude to-
ward the complicated problem of future durable
peace which is taken by the Federal Council Of
Churches in memorandum issued to guide church.
throughout this nation in their discussions of the
subject.
The council emphasizes that any permanent
peace depends upon our government and the govern
ments of other countries studying all proposed leg
islatiOn foreign trade with the view of determn-
ing its affect upon other nations.
The memorandum urges recognition of the fact
that in this shrinking world "what one nation does
in relation to its raw materials, markets. immigra-
ton or money, may vitay affect millions elsewhere"
and that "a sovereignty system which accords the
right to use economic power rreSponSibly has be-
come anachronism longer consistent with
peace"
Because of the calm, fair-minded attitude as
sumed by most church leaders, they have proven in
many instances that they can achieve agreement on
issues which would violently disrupt any conference
of politicians or diplomats
The possibility of the church being able to
achieve a durable peace of which the governments
themselves seem incapable is summed up in the fed
eraton's memo with this statement '"The church
has actually demonstrated capacity to function in
ternatonaly which peculiarly qualities it to contrib
ute toward the healing of the nations"
The Coolidge examiner., 1941-06-06
WHY NOT BE HONEST ABOUT
THE VERDE ROAD?

Obviously driven to distraction by the success
full spiking of every argument advanced in favor of
building a road from Phoenix to Flagstaff up the
rocky canyon of the Verde, sponsors of the project
have reported to challenging the integrity and pro-
fessional ethics of experienced engineers.
An impartial group Of engineers, appointed at
the request of Verde road advocates, recently turn
ed in an adverse report the route to the Phoenix
chapter American Society of Engineers. The report
included a statement from the secretary of war
jectng the route as a military highway.
Immediately, the Verde sponsors questioned the
findings of these trained engineers. Several laymen
were produced to challenge the estimates of men
specially trained in road location. The Verde boost
moved their proposed route across the river
in an attempt to make prevarcators out OF men
they asked to estimate the job.
Concurrent with this activity, Barry GOdWater,
Phoenix merchant explorer and civic leader, sent
questionnai1e to Phoenix Flagstaff truckers seeking
their opinion of the proposed route Without eXcep
ton the who haul freight between the two cities
rejected it. The reason is obvious. The truckers
don't want to traverse an 84-nie stretch of pract-
caly uninhabited road
In the light of these revelations people are be-
ginning to ask: what is behind all this ballyhoo
for Verde road?"
1t is evident someone is putting up consider
able sum to carry on the expensive newspaper and
radio campaign for its construction.
The best guess is that the proposal is and-sell
ing scheme. If the state be prevailed upon to
build $70O0000 highway across thousands of acres
of patented land, somebody-quite few, probably
will make lot Of money.
Arizona as q whole will be better served should
the highway commission stick to its present program
of bringing all existing roads up to standard before
spending millions on unneeded construction
The Coolidge examiner., 1941-06-06
NzMn4xea,f':,: ::
~ " zssg
Author of "HosV to Win Friends
and influence People"
MAKE THAT DULL JOB
INTERESTING

In 1923 man moved to Schenectady, New York,
to look for JOB. He looked everywhere, but could
not find one. His name was Martin Sjostrand. He
was carpenter, and was handy with TOOLS
He was told that there was a carpenters lob at
the General Electric company he hurried there as
fast as he could 60 At last! But when he got there
he found that the person who had told him had been
too optimistic. The job merely that of repair
man in the refrigerator department.
Repairman? He was above that! But it was
the only job he could get he decided to accept and
make it good job. Instead of bewailing the fact
that he had the humblest job of anyone in that sec
ton of the plant he started in to see how he could
develop it and make it worth while
Everything seemed against him. He had been
born IN Sweden, his parents poor that he didn't
even finish grade school, At the age of IA, he had
been obliged to help support the family.
There were few jobs, little opportunity, so he
had raised money to come to America when he was
19. He got job as farm hand in Minnesota dur
ing the summer. During the winter he worked as
carpenter. In the meantime, he married His wife
was from Schenectady; she wanted to be near her
father so Sjostrand moved to that city.
And now he was working as repairman in the
refrigerator department!
He knew nothing about refrigerating machin-
cry, but he was determined to learn. He stayed af-
ter hours, asked questions read books on the subject
He acquired set Of tools and began to experiment
at home IN little workshop he had rugged up
One day he made suggestion for improving the
work in his department of refrigerator building The
surprised manager accepted the suggestion It was
not long till he turned up with another idea Good
Well, Martin Sjostrand became the greatest idea
man in the great General Electric company In ten
years he turned in 1877 suggestions of which 78 were
put into practice. Each one brought cash reward
of from 81 to $685.
During the year 1889 he made so many sugges-
tlOns that the company voted him the highest honor
in it's power-the "Chares A. Coffin reward" be-
slowed each year the in the organization who
does the most outstanding work. There are $1,000
employees of the company, and last year the reward
went to the emigrant from Sweden (who still pro-
nounces tjust' as "yust") ")-once handy man in the
repair department Of big company.
What did Martin Sjostrand do? He took a dull
and uninteresting job and made it interesting. Not
nnly did he make it interesting, but made it out
standing that he got the highest reward in the conf
pany. # you have dull routine job, why can't you
do the same thing? Make it interesting!
The Coolidge examiner., 1941-06-06
DAY
(zOMORROW|
N d
DON ROBINSON
DON ROBINSON

UNIONS job control
A friend of mine had to join a
union recently to avoid losing his
job.
He had a good job as a salesman
for a well-known concern. He is
a better than average salesman
and didn't like the union idea
whereby a man is advanced on a
seniority basis instead of on his
ability to do a better job than his
fellow workers.
When the statesmen were organ.
lied in the state in which he was
working, he persuaded his com
pany to transfer him to another
state. But it wasn't long before
that state was orgtsized too. For
while he was given the title of
a special representative, in order
to operate outside of the union to
which the statesmen belonged, but
that didn't last long. The union
soon caught up with him and it
became a question of joining or
quitting. So he joined.
Now there is talk of a strike. If
the union calls a strike he'll have
to go without pay until the strike
is overland even if his union wins
it won't mean more money to him.
For the strike will be over a ques-
ton of which union, the A. F. of
L. or the G. /. O., will have control
of the employees in his company.
Since he doesn't want to belong to
either he can't win. But he will
lose pay until they get the ques-
ton settled because he will not be
permitted by his fellow workers to
keep On the job.
MINORITIES rights
One of the most popular aims of
the Constitution of the United
States is to protect the rights Of
minorities. But in a labor union
the minority group has about as
much chance to assert itself as a
Republican in Alabama.
Labor unions, during the last 10
years, have performed a tremen-
dous service to their members.
They have been able to improve
the standard of living of their
members in leaps and bounds
have succeeded in getting wages
and hours that were undreamed of
40 years ago.
1 have the greatest respect for
the service that honest, straight
forward unions have performed
for their members. But at the
The Coolidge examiner., 1941-06-06

how the figures are given out, no
matter how they are interpreted
or misinterpreted, our shipping
service is serious to the point of
desperation. We need ships, ships
and more ships"
Emphasizing the scope of the
production job we have to do, Sta
cy May, chief of the bureau of re-
search and statistics of the Office
of Production Management, COM
pared our production of durable
goods in 1910 with plans for 1941
and 1912.
"In 194O," said Mr.. May, "our
durable goods production totaled
in value about $15,5O0, 100000 and
of this total only two and a half
billion was for military use. That
was only IA per cent of the total
This year, 1941, our production in
durable goods for military use will
total almost 10 billion dollars II
value, or about GA per cent of our
1910 production. Next year, &C
cording to plans and contracts
our durable goods production for
military use will total little more
than 16 billion dollars in value
or about 6 per cent more than oul
total for both civilian and military
needs in 1910"
Thus, if our production for ci
william use in 1912 is as great as il
was in 1910, this nation will have
to produce twice as much durable
goods in 1912 as it did last year
According to Mr.. May, and Other
OPM officials, this can only bt
done by putting every community
in the nation to work on defense
production.
Civilian organization, which has
again and again been referred t
by government leaders as vital tt
the suscess of our defense pro
gram, but which has not been ade
quately defined or crystallized, ha
been stimulated by New York
Mayor La Guardia, recently ap
pointed by the President as direc
tor of civilian defense. His job i
to mobilize the people so that al
of us can work to support the de
Tense program.
Most officials in washington
consider the fiery mayor to be
good man for the job, because o
his great energy and organization
ability, but there is considerabl
objection to permitting this i'm
portant job to be a part-time job
Mr.. La Guardia, in addition to hi
new appointment, is continuing
his time-consuming occupation a
the mayor of the largest city il
the world.
The Coolidge examiner., 1941-06-06
SACRIFICE A LA 1941

So far, this great sacrifice which the govern
ment says we are going to be called upon to make has
been about as much of hardship as it is for wom-
an to give up her winter hat for Lent
The farmers, who thought they would be called
upon to give until it hurts, slated to be on
the receiving end of more government aid than they
ever have had before.
its ambitions for pay increases, has been left free to
use defense production as lever for forcing such
increases
The white collar employees, who thought they
might have to begin wearing hair Shirts are finding
that defense means more opportunities and better
pay.
The industrial leaders, who still feel they are the
The Coolidge examiner., 1941-06-06

dollar sacrificing are at least having "respite be-
fore taxes" which is giving them opportunity to
store up reserve for rainy day.
We know heavy taxes coming, cutting Of
government expenditures is coming scarcity Of some
products is coming price increases are coming and
other sacrifices are due soon.
But when you go to a good movie there is no
sense in not enjoying it thoroughly because the pre-
views of Coming Attractions don't sound too hot
The Coolidge examiner., 1941-06-06

The largest radio audience
which ever listened to any pro
gram is believed to have heard
the Presidents fireside "chat" to
which reactions have poured in
from all over the world. The talk
was re-broadcast to Foreign ma
tions in the German, Italian,
French, Spanish and Portuguese
languages, leaving no doubt that
people in every nation now know
the stand of the administration or
facing the dangers which confront
us.
The Presidents plea to the
American nation has not, howev'
er, consolidated opinion in Wash
ington, where the debate between
interventionists and isolationists
has become more furious than ev
er, with the isolationists realizing
that they are in the minority but
still arguing that they have the
backing of the American people
who are opposed to a fighting
war.
There are many congressman
who have not given a clear expires
sion of their opinion on the great
issues at stake, some OF them wait.
ing for a further insight into pub
lie opinion and others waiting for
the authentic report on the pres
ent state of our defense program
which the President is scheduled
to make in the next few days.
The President is required by
the letse-lend law to make a re-
port on the progress of our de
fense program every 80 days. The
report which he is now preparing
will cover it's progress up to about
the twentieth of May. 1t is ex-
pected that the report will not
specify the kind of materials al
ready sent to Britain, but will give
information on just how many dol
lars worth of goods actually have
arrived in Great Britain.
A large number OF government
officials are following the pro-
gress of our defense program with
keener interest than the develop
ments of the war in Europe itself,
realizing that whatever part we
play the safety of this nation de-
pends on a miracle of production
only possible by a united effort of
the whole nation.
The shipyard strikes on the Pa
cific coast, brought about by a
comparatively small group of ma
chlnists who were seeking a wage
increase from $1.12 an hour to
$1.15 an hour, have resulted in
angry demands from people in ev-
cry state for congress or the Pres
ident to take action to make such
a condition impossible in the fu-
ture.
Admiral Emory S. Land, chair
man of the maritime commission,
proposed the use of federal forces
if necessary to bring about re-
sumption of work in the shipyards
and other navy officers have sug-
gested that the yards be taken ov-
er by the government.
Plainly worried over our ship
ping situation, Admiral Land. who
recently gave out figures which
were interpreted to show that few
ships carrying goods to Britain
were being sunk, explained in a
speech to navy men, "No matter
The Coolidge examiner., 1941-06-06

1t1D "A l. ~ SAN0 W ~
same time I believe it is contrary
to the American way of life for
the minority or an individual to
be forced to comply with the die
tates of a union to which he does
not want to belong.
PROTECTION suits
Samuel B. Pettengill, former
Democratic representative from In
diana, and now head of the Com
mittee for Constitutional Govern
ment, Inc, is busy raising a $780,
600 sales fund to sell the public
this idea: the fright to work"
should be given equal legal protec.
tion with the right to strike"
Mr.. Pettengill argues: IF you
give the right to work equal pro-
lection before the law with the
right to strike, you have solved
the problem of all strikes for
which there is no good excuse. Let
those strike who want to. Let
those work who want to.
"Men who want to work should
be given a plain legal remedy for
loss of their wages against those
who use violence to keep them
from working. Workers have this
right tt common law, for it is il
legal to conspire to prevent any
one from pursuing a lawful calling.
But We must make the remedy
plain and simple; let all such
workers consolidate their actions
in one suit so they can afford to
litigate."
Mr.. Pettengill believes that
those who are unwillingly prevent
ed from working can sue the
strike leaders, the treasurer of the
union and also police officials,
mayors or governors who fail to
protect them.
There are both legal and politi-
cal stumbling blocks which would
make Mr.. Pettengill's plan more
difficult to carry out than it
sounds on paper-but there is
little doubt that his fright to
work. idea will appeal to the ma
jority of freedom-loving people in
this country.
ARGUMENT Solution
In practically every strike in a
defense industry, where the strike
is called to get increased pay, this
argument arises: Labor says that
it is justified in demanding more
money because the company busy
with defense contracts is going to
make greater profits. Employers
argue that government orders are
not profitable, that rapid expan-
sion is going to mean heavy losses
when the demand for goods ceas-
es and that all extra profits will
be taken by the government in
taxes.
In most cases efforts are made
to analyze the situation to deter
mine which side is right. But in
many instances the answer isn't
available-for it will depend on
what happens in the future.
If the problem becomes too
great, one solution might be for
the government to freeze wages
and profits, in key industries for
the duration Of the emergency,
with some arrangement whereby
extra profits, if there are any, are
divided on a percentage basis be-
tween labor and stockholders
when the emergency ends.
But all plans of this kind, which
put curbs on the freedom of en-
terprise so essential to the demo-
cratic way of life, should be avoid
ed if possible.
The easiest way out of any prob
lem is to say, "There ought to be
a law!" But the best way is for
the people to say, 1--WE can do this
job without the he1p of a police
man."
The Coolidge examiner., 1941-06-06

At the close of the Civil War
the National debt of the United
States amounted to $79.44 per per-
son.
The Coolidge examiner., 1941-06-06

The first school for training deaf
mutes established in America was
founded at Hartford, Conn, in
1917.
The Coolidge examiner., 1941-06-06

AS long as we've got high tariffs,
high freight rates, an high taxes
on cottOnseed margarine, looks like
US cotton farmers won't have much
w0rryin' to do about our income
tax.
Evening star., 1941-12-12
u. 5. Embassy Staffs
In Axis Include Nine
From Capital Area
Eight Woshinetoniuns
And One AIexundrion
Await Exchange

Names of eight Washingtonians
and one Alexandrian appeared on
lists of members of the American
Embassy staffs in Berlin and Rome.
made public by the State Depart
ment last night.
Members of the Berlin staff with
| Washington as home address are
Lloyd D. Yates. H. France Cum
ningham, jr.; William L. Smyser
and Everett Alfred Holt. Those
from the Capital area listed on the
Rome staff are Charles A. Liven-
good, Giulio Vari, Osborne Mac
Cauley, Joseph r. Evans and Mer-
ritt N. Cootes of Alexandria.
These and the other American
representatives in the Axis countries
will be exchanged for German En-
bassv officers here when arrange
ments are concluded.
Other American foreign service
officers on duty in Berlin include:
Leland B. Morris, Philadelphia;
Sam E Woods, Jackson. Miss;
George F. Kennan, Milwaukee; Eu-
gene M Hinkle, Southport, Conn; E.
Tomlin Bailey. Hasbrouck Heights,
N. j.; Peery Laukuff, Mount Vernon,
Ohio; Brewster H. Morris, Villa
Nova, Pa; Robert P. Chalker, Pen
sacola, Fla; M. Gordon Knox. Bal
timore, and David H. McKillip,
Chestnut Hills, Mass.
Others at Embassy.
The following American citizens
also are serving in the Berlin En-
| basSy:
H. Stewart Beers, Elkton, Md:
Dent R. Spaur, Weston, Va; Samuel
J. McCune, New Orleans; Dagfin S.
Hoynes. Seattle; John r. Douglas,
Tinsman, Ark: Karl S. Valiquette,
DAYTON, Ohio; Fernand P. Picquart,
New York.
Charley Smith, Cleveland; Law
renee T. Berger, Oklahoma City;
Malcolm H. Fifty, Allison Park, Pa;
Edward j. Remey. New York; Phillip
H. Fahrenholz. Woonsocket, r. l.;
John c. Richter. Little Rock. Ark.
| Philip N Tucker, Chicago: Wen
dell S. Howard. Uniontown, Pa,
Thomas c. Smith, Albany. KY,
Casinir T. Zawadzki, Buffalo, N Y;
| Carl Birkleand. Chicago: Augustus
/ Ostertag. Downington, Pa; Cyrus
D. Follmer, Milton, Pa; Mary J.
Porter, Peabody, KanS.
Leonidas M. Parker, Calhoun Falls
S. c.; Emma Brooker, Colorado
Springs, Colo; Henry C. Bush, In
dianapolis; G. Edith Bland. Wilton
Conn: Agnes Schneider, Hazelton
Pa: Hortens E. Ulrich, Ridley Park
Pa; Jeannette Pohlman, Buffalo
N Y: Elfriede Kayser, Chelsea
Mich: Muriel Moynihan. New York
George Neuman, New York; Roy o
Barlag. La Porte, Ind.
Dorothy E. Knapp. Los Angeles
Calf: Joachim Weidhass. St. Louis
Mo; Frances f. Siewarts. Provi-
dence, r. l.: G Frederick Wise. De-
troit, Mich; Hertha E. Dehmel
Newark, N. j.: Tabor Divekey
Aurora, Ill; Robert w. Stutz, Sar
Evening star., 1941-12-12

Francisco: Loretta Grunau. Pater-
son, N. j.
The State Department does not
have addresses for the following
Americans employed at the Embassy
in Berlin:
William Henry Hardage, Frank <.
Phillips, Ursula Nett, Charles zenich,
J. Philip Groves, Hertha Knuth,
Mrs. Paula Hofstra, Frederick w.
Stutz, Celia Milewaska, Mrs. Irma
Baumann, Rosemary De Terra and
Mrs. Isolde Mewes.
American foreign service officers
at the Embassy in Rome include:
George Wadsworth, Buffalo, N. Y;
Harold H. Tittmann, jr., St. Louis;
ellison c. Blake, Mount Washington,
Md; A. Dana Hodgdon, Leonard
town, Md; Burton Y. Berry, Fowler,
Ind; Elbridge Durbrow, San Fran
cisco; Douglas Flood, Kenilworth,
Ill, and John l.. GoShie, New York
City.
The following are Americans also
serving the Embassy: Horton r. Tel
ford, Upland, Calf; Mrs. Emma
Nora, Boston; Nicolina L. Flammia,
Waterbury, Conn: T'herese v. Delu
New York City; Antelia Sestini, De-
troit; Archiless Crommett, Weeks
Mills, Me-; Septimus Shepherd,
Salt Lake City; Maude A. Jordan,
New York City; Agnes L. Leslie
Newburgh, N. Y: Josephine Pas
quini, Laurium, Mich: Elma K. Hol-
lingshead. Denver; Robert Henry
Jones, Cleveland; A. Edith Abel,
New York; Herman Moss, New
York; Waldo r. Mason, San Fran
cisco; Carolyn Keene, Louisville, KY. a.
Alfred Cifani, New York; Mrs. Letti
Robertson, Glendale, Calf; Italo L.
Siragusa, American address un-
known; Lyle Peipenburg, American
address unknown.