davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1941-03-01

not be erased.
On this foundation America con-
structed a great nation. Historians
have never agreed whether or not,
Black men were supposed to share
capabilities, after these mandates were
proclaimed. Democracy, of, as it
stands, is bisected like angles and
moved down to such a smooth surface,
whereby organized groups cannot
harness their beliefs methods for
reaching conclusions that the nations
founders were right or wrong. "All
men were created equal. This, is the
big issue that confronts America! Have
all human beings been, or will they
ever become equal?
Colored womanhood of America
realize no place in the nations future.
Democracy needs tuning up. Must
generate a gamut of human group
security. 1t must also meet the issue
squarely of side-tracking sectional an
tipithies which unreconstructed ele-
ments of the south have dramatized
far beyond the limits of social require
ments. Exploration of racial preju-
dlce IN many sections of America has
been carried too far. Customs before
and during the Civil War became domi-
nant factors of the Reconstruction era
expanding widely into the next seven
decades. They become uncomfortable
traditions, which have hampered
Democracy's advancement. 1t has
been a nerve wracking problem to
solve. Its ramifcations are very COM
pick a set of issues cannot be drawn to
reach a suitable solution when group
leaders on one hand are stayed dyed
in-thewool secessionists and others
seem incompetent or reluctant to es-
tablish their rights of equality. Be-
cause of these conditions, Democracy
has deteriorated and never will ad-
vance, until intelligent leaders with
courage of their convictions forget the
past, organize and consult for the best
interests of the groups concerned.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1941-03-01
WHAT HISTORY TEACHES
By DR.. CHARLES STELZLE

Practically everything that is hap
pening to us today happened to others
In some form thousands of years ago
according to the Psychologists who
found the records on clay tablets, baked
5000 years ago, or to the historians
who began to write some $500 years
later.
They tell us about sit-down strikes.
hours of labor, salary bonuses, collec-
tive bargaining, cost of living, old-age
pensions, silver standards, crooked pol
lticians, women's rights, and in the
Bible itself We have the story of
Egypts seven years of plenty, and
seven years of depression with "bread
lines" and a flood commissioner"
During all of these experiences pan
aceas were suggested to meet the prob
lens Of the times. Some of them work
ed out, but many failed. It's a strange
thing that some deluded leaders are to-
day offering the same old quack rene
dies that were tried and failed in the
days when they had to be written with
pointed sticks instead of with type
writers.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1941-03-01
BROTHERHOOD WEEK

Intolerance spreads; if it attacks in
one section, sooner or later il finds
victims IN other quarters. Conversely
It is not rendered innocuous bv con,
scleence-easing devices such as gilded
and remunerative separation, DESIGNED
70 comfort the victims and stife pro-
test. The only effectual method of
dealing with intolerance is to uproot If
and replace it with the Sentiment of
human brotherhood. That is the mr.
pose OF Brotherhood Week, the obser-
vance OF which began last MONDAY
Perhaps for the reason that the COL
ored brother has suffered more than
anybody else from the unbrotherliness
OF adherents of all religious faiths. no
nalied with the greatest satisfaction
the declarations, voiced at meetings
throughout the week, that hence forth
all men should live up to their religions
teachings and recognize in practice
God is our Father and all men are
brothers" Under dominance of that
central tenet of religion the sins of
government, the social ineuuities. the
disputes in industry, would readily dis
solve to make way for america. the
Beautiful" home Of the free and fine
brave! For that nation is supremelv
free and brave which conouers the
destructi evils within itself.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1941-03-01
Recent Deaths

FRANK HERBERT WILSON, 800
fremont St., died February 10 and was
buried February IS. Services were
held from the NJ. F. REID MEMORIAL
CHAPEL, 1041 fremont St, Rev. G.
Brookins officiating. Interment at Mt.
Hope Cemetery.
Jas. Thomas Calhous, 81 Mortified
St, died February 16, and was buried
February 20. Services were held from
the NJ. F. REID MEMORIAL CHAP
Ell, 1041 fremont st. Rev. J. H. D.
Bailey officiated. Interment Mt. Hope
Cemetery.
LightfOot
Funeral services for Newlyn Light
foot, 422 Mass. Ave. were held at Aug
usta, Ga. on Feb. 25. Interment at
Sykes Cemetery, Augusta. ]. B. John
son, undertaken.
Singletary
Funeral services for Mrs. Elizabeth
Singletary, 16 Newcomb ST., were held
at st. Phillips Church on Monday. Feb
"a, at 900 am. Interment at Fair
view Cemetery. ]. B. Johnson, under
taker.
Blackwell
Funeral services for George Black
well, " Howard St., Cambridge, were
held at Eastern Ave. Baptist Church.
Maiden, Monday, Feb. "a, at 100 pm.
lnterment at Cambridge. J. B. john
son, undertaken.
Mitchell
Funeral services for Mrs. Leila
Mitchell, 81 Rose St., Boston, were held
at Johnson's Funeral Home, Wednes-
day, Feb. &c, at 100 pm. Interment
at Mt. Hope.
Borgess.
Funeral services for Mrs. Maymie
Borgess., 81 Seneca St, were held at
Johnson's Funeral Home Thursday.
Feb. u, at Loo pm. Interment at Mt.
Hope.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1941-03-01
Know Your Race
By MARTIN D. RICHARDSON

Authors Note: This is the third of a
series of approximately twelve articles
on the history of the cOlOred residents
of Massachusetts, from the appearance
of the race on these shores, sometime
prior to 1888, to the present. 1t cam
not attempt to cover the subject fully,
but Will endeavOr to present some of
the lesser-knOwn facts that are now
about to be brought Interestingly to
light in the fourth coming survey of
historical sources and manuscripts be-
ing prepared by the Historical Records
Survey of the Works Progress Admin
stration in Massachusetts,.
Without a doubt the feeling toward
slavery in Massachusetts, in the eigh-
tenth century was about as liberal and
progressive as could be found in the
country; even here, though, the few
slaves that were held were not given
up without a struggle. Often the fight
for liberty was made by the slaves
themselves; the presence of a number
Of free persons, usually white, who
were ready TO do battle in behalf of
their more unfortunate bretheren, how
ever, went far toward the eventual
elimination of human bondage in this
Commonwealth.
The Constitutional elimination Of
slavery for all time in Massachusetts
was the result of a famous case. in
Barre, western part of the state in
1888. Here a colored man, Walker, or
"Quork", was the slave of a substan-
tial farmer named Jennison. Slavery
was generally frowned upon at the
time, but not legally banned. A neigh
boring farmer told the slave that since
the adoption of the Constitution of
1850 he was free; this farmer gave
Walker employment. Jennison took
the matter to the Supreme Judicial
Court, where the momentous decision
was made that no human might be en-
shaved in Massachusetts. The number
Of other slaves that this decision might
have liberated is not known.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1941-03-01
FOURTH METHODIST CHURCH
Rev. S. VI. RILEY. Pastor

1890 am. morning sermon: 1870
pm. Sunday School: 500 pm. Ed
worth League: 1870 pm. EveninC ser
mon.-SUnday afternoon. at $3.50 the
pastor, choir. and congregation will
worship with Rev. SDratlev and his
congregation, at Concord Baptist
Church. fremont and Vernon sts.
The Fourth and last Quarterly Con-
ference will be held. Tuesday. March
4 at $40 pm. in the Sunday School
room. The meeting viii be led by Rev.
GUnter. District Superintendent.
Maryland Fried Chicken Dinner.
oiven by the MARYLAND group for a
benefit rally. Thursday. March IS. from
80 pm. Mrs. E. Perry. chairman.
Dinner. including dessert. 20 cents
Annual state and international rally.
Sunday, March Is. Your gift will be
greatly appreciated. Mrs. Margaret
Bonello is chairman Of the sponsoring
committee. Everyone is welcome.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1941-03-01
ST. BARTHOLOMEW

st. Bartholomew Church in Cam
bridge has bought the edifee at the
corner Of Harvard and Essex Streets
and will begin holding services there
on Sunday, March 9. The newly
acquired property has a larger seat
ing capacity than the building which
the congregation is leaving; it is more
adequately equipped and also more
conveniently located.
To be able to purchase a large and
more eommodious church home in the
short period he has been here is not
only testimony to the character and
ability Of the new rector, the Reverend
Kenneth Hughes, but discloses the
existence Of a high order Of faith.
courage and unity among the members.
With such forces tremendously at
work, st. Bartholomew can be as
sured Of a prosperous future.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1941-03-01
Segregation for CoOred the Real Permanent banning Degd

Of the Federal Housing group in
Guided a necessary check between the
local authorities and the Federal offices
any delay that is experienced seemed
merited. Reference was also made to
the unwarranted propaganda, that
seems TO be so much in evidence, mott
waited by INSCRIPTIONS landlords to
discourage applicants from trying TO
better their living conditions. A
hearty vote Of thanks was rendered
Mr.. Lane for his most enlightening
observations.
Ralph L. Harper, chairman of the
luncheon club, announced that the
March meeting would be held under the
auspices of the House Wives League
when an evening session viii mark an
other milestone in the progress of the
Trade Association. The date will be
made later.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1941-03-01
6Rn. T. Rlatkn1rll

George Edward Blackwell of Cam
bridge, Mass. died at the Cambridge
City Hospital, Feb. 81 after a long i'll
ness. The funeral services were con-
Quoted on Monday. Feb. "a. at Eastern
Avenue Baptist Church. Maiden. Rev.
James L. Jackson, officiating. Mr..
Blackwell was a member and served as
a trustee of the church for about %
years.
Born in Prince Edward County, Va.
IN 1859, he was married to Virginia F.
Taylor of Dillwyn, Buckingham
County, Va. in the year 1894.
The deceased is survived by his
widow, Mrs. Virginia F. Blackwell; a
son, Chauncey Blackwell of Cam
bridge; daughter, Mrs. Doris Des-
mond and a grandchild, Miss Frances
Desmond, both of New York City.
Interment was at Cambridge Gene
terry. ]. B. Johnson was the under
taker in charge.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1941-03-01

The fight for freedom waged bv
friends of the early slaves did not beoir
at this late date (1783); nearly cen
fury and half earlier, savage forav
had been staged in the West Indies ana
a number of slaves captured. Some az
these slaves eventually reached Boston
Some local citizens, outraged at fra
idea, sought and received attention in
the General Court in the matter The
court listened with great attention -
Magistrate Richard Saltonstall, who
not only objected strenuously to the
idea of importing slaves to Boston. bnt
was equally appalled, by the idea that
the slave-raid had been made on Sun.
day. The General Court ordered them
liberated and returned to their native
lands.
Such fights as these two went ON
until, and through, the first half of the
Nineteenth century. From 1900 to 1850
the annals of the state show a multi.
tude of legal and oratorical battles for
the freedom of persons unjustly en-.
shaved, even when these persons were
in states hundreds of miles removed
from Massachusetts. The great liberia
ton movement, once begun, progressed
here with leaps and bounds. Governors
of the Commonwealth, as in the Mary
Smith case "a colored woman. travel.
ling from New Orleans to Boston. had
been captured in North Carolina and
placed in slavery, although she was
free resident of Massachusetts, fire.
quently came into the fray on behalf
of the oppressed colored people.
One of the grand climaxes of this
movement toward freedom, however
came from an unexpected source out
side of Massachusetts Thomas Jeffer-
son, in his original draft of the Con-
stitution, included a paragraph roundlv
reproaching the King of England for
his encouragement of the slave trade
and his failure to prevent it, and cited
this as one of the bases upon which the
American colonies needed indepen-
dence. Like many other things of
value to the race, it didn't get in the
final draft of the document.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1941-03-01
DEFENSE MANDATES WILL MOBILIZE
AMERICAS COL0RED WOMEN
By Monroe Mason
By Monroe Mason

Total racial cooperation for nation
al defense in America to preserve
Democracy, will depend greatly on
Colored women leaders. Their grasp
of present conditions confronting
Americans seems stronger than the
men, who are not measuring up as ex-
pected in making the Colored group a
potent factor, as part of the national
manpower will war be declared bv
America, if world Democracy is threat
ened? Americas Colored womanhood.
lis debating this question calmly. War,
lis Hellbound with horrorsl Eternal
vigilance must be asserted to cope with
emergencies that will arise during
this movement for national defense.
Colored America must temper its
racial prosecutions with mercy. By
making this opportune sacrifice, un-
wavering racial assistance should be
total and decisive. Allegiance to the
stars and stripes" by gesture, is not
enough. 1t must be open-hearted.
otherwise, it will be meaningless.
Racial beliefs must be intelligently in
Jected as part of Americas demo-
cratic structure, to be submitted as
problems that can be solved by an I'M
selfish leadership with a program.
Actions by compromise will be danger
Gus and should not be tolerated in this
grave crises. Complete manpower of
all races and, is a vital necessity to
curb additional Entertainments upon
Democracy ideals, now hanging in a
balance in America. These are heri-
tages Black people love, that are
handed down by the Nations founding
fathers! Democracy, is a series of
mandates. Americas women of color,
IN travail and motherhood reared their
children according to these precepts.
1t was a surging wave of devotion to
a cause for free men and women to be
born equal. Americas Black were
created to enjoy and work for survival
OF orderly government. These are in
dellble paragraphs of history that can
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1941-03-01
FREE WILL COMMUNITY
METHODIST CHURCH
M Cabot Street. PnStnn
RAv. 7. c. NvrieL. Pastor

Pew Nvrirk nraanhad last Sundav
MORNING from tnvt. ''That mon or10ht
alvavs nrav and NOT faint" Ct. Luke
1911. Pro. 7 I Slater cave +hn nrar-
mo nravar Sundav niOht the nastor
nraarhed from the tnvt. 'FRahOld =
greater than Tonas = hare" &. Mot
thew. 12-41. Mrs. Alzatar Moore. +Ea
Choir di~a"tor and president Of tha
Free VIII Praving Rand. and the choir
members sang insniringlv we'll. Sun
dav. Mrs. Odessa Williams asst. dirac-
tor. Miss. ". F. Word. pianist. Miss
Fula Gaines. J. I. Slater. Mrs. Parolee
Summers. Mrs. Lille Young. James
Gaines Mrs. Ida Matthew and Mrs.
Fula Hicks are on the sick list. We
were more than glad In have had out
with US SUNDAY. Mrs. Rebecca Ward.
Ernest Moore and others.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1941-03-01
CHARLOTTE HAWKINS BROWN

A graceful tribute was paid Presi-
dent Charlotte Hawkins Brown Thurs
day night by the banquet at which she
was the honored guest. The three
hundred persons present may now
begin to doubt the truthfulness of the
ancient adage, "a prophet is not with
out honour, save in his own country.
But DR.. Brown is more than prophet.
although 1t may have been a prophetic
vision-or call it baptism of faith
that induced her to choose the South
as field wherein to put to service the
education she had received in her
home city of Cambridge. Courage
Gus? 1t takes courage to desert the
delightful confines" Of the 'Univer-
S ity City, for Dixie wilderness. And
It was faith and courage of a superior
quality which enabled her to build
from humble foundations the magnif-
cent educational Center, the Palmer
Memorial Institute at Sedalia, North
Carolina, an achievement for which
she has received the highest praise
here and abroad.
Anybody conversant with the his
tory Of Palmer Memorial Institute
knows that the commentators are
well deserved. The embryonic school
was a tumble-down log cabin. From
that lowly origin grew the cluster OF
buildings which are thoroughly
modern in architecture, equipment ant
beautiful surroundings. Forty wears
OF her life DR.. Hawkins has devoted tc
building and teaching at Sedalia. Hel
heroic accomplishment abundantly
renders a reason for the faith" with
in her.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1941-03-01
MASONS ENTERTAIN
WITH COSTUME PARTY
Continued from Page II

Continued from Page y
man; Otis A. B. Skinner. vice chair
man; Morris J. Hicks, treasurer: vii
liam Fl. Scott, Secretary; Nora Sewall.
assistant secretary; Frank G. White,
chairman Programme committee; Ell
mer ]. Pueblo, John E. Smith, Leon G.
Lomax, J. Henri Bureh, Stillman
Tasco, Nellie Harris, Rose Morris, Ed
wardina Morris, Mona Whitehead.
Dora Warren, Sarah P. Jones, lydia
Allston, Rose Williams, Helen Russell.
Lena Skinner, Elenora J. Patterson.
Bessie Freeman, Dorothy Bailey, Ger
trude Snipes, Samuel A. Long, William
s. johnson, Eugene ". Simpson, Glad
stone S. Morris, George ". Jenkins.
James NJ. Hunt, Charles E. Freeman.
Hugh T. Tyler, John B. Patterson,
Robert n. Miller.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1941-03-01
NAME STREETS FOR BOSTON MEN
CONTINUED from Pace II

him, but he was impelled by a deeply
rooted charity toward his fellow men
and gave freely of his services.
"Ditmus Court" on the fremont
Street end of the project honors the
memory of Edward A. Ditmus. who
was the last Of many veterans of his
race from the district who distin-
0uished themselves in the Civil War.
He was former Commander of the
Robert E. Bell Post. GAR. Enlisting
at the outbreak of the Civil War in
the 29th Connecticut Infantry, Ditmus
saw service on many battlefelds and
was discharged after the cessation OF
hostilities with the rank of Sergeant.
He had been a resident Of Windsor
Street in the South End for many wears
before his death a few years ago and
was a well-known personality of the
district
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1941-03-01

But it is still more remarkable that
plans and principles which proved to
be basically sound are being disregard
ed today. We have learned that dicta-
torships and autrocracies are not con-
ducive to the freedom and happiness OF
the whole people; that the character of
"a nations greatness is determined by
the character of its individual citizens;
that no question is ever settled perman-
emily except upon the basis of justice;
that right human relationships are
more important than the creation OF
great organizations; that the source OF
happiness depends not so much upon
what we have as it does upon what we
are.
These and many other things which
history has taught us may be applied
to problems facing us today. They
may be applied to personal relations,
to the labor problem, to national ques-
tons, and TO international affairs.
Therefore, let's stop looking for short
cuts and patent remedies, and let's pro-
fit by what history taught us thousands
of years ago.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1941-03-01
The Foe Within

In orr battle for justice we must
realize that there are thousands of
traitors within our own ranks-men
and women who, having mortgaged
their own craven souls to our en-
emies, are willing and anxious to
sell out our group for mess Of pot
tage. In myraids of instances thew
have already done so. Many of these
beings are like moles which burrow
beneath the surface, and they have
by their pernicious activities placed
the entire structure of our rights in
peril. The vilest, cruelest, most bru-
tai, craftiest, most venomous, and
most eold-blooded outspoken enemy
is far less dangerous than the vile,
crafty, sinking, snake-like burrow-
ing foe within
-LLEWELLYN LEWIS.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1941-03-01
CHURCH NEWS
COMMUNITY CHURCH
Rev. John Haynes Holmes

Rev. John Haynes Holmes Of the
New York Community Church speaks
here Sunday morning at the Boston
Community Church. SYMPHONY Hall.
on "Would Jesus kip" A champion
Of liberty. fighter for tolerance. and
one Of the greatest preachers in the
American pulnit todav. prominent in
Unitarian circles. a graduate IF Har-
yard College and Harvard Divinity
School. DR.. Holmes Is also the author
If fFPethinking RELIGION" f'Throuoh
Gentle TvAs''. 'TNew Churches for
Old''. "Pafriotism is not Fnon0h" and
other books. There win be the usual
question period.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1941-03-01
RADE ASSOCIATION
LUNCHEON BIG SUCCESS

Continued from Page u
ger of the Lenox Housing Proioot ,,,oa
introduced by Russell S. Gideon Mr.
Lane chose as his theme a business
analysis that confronts the merchant
and pointed out some wonderful , ave-
nues in which all could well follow 70
increase business. A question nerioJ
followed and Mr.. Lane took time ont ant
70 make clear some angles REGARDING
the Housing project, that evidentl1
were causing some confusion almond,
Inc sne RANK and file. In particular was
ms explanation regarding the evident
iy slow intake at the project. When
1t was pointed out that the mechanics
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1941-03-01
In MRntnrtaitt
In loving memory of
REV. WILLIAM H. DABBS
Died Ma,.cb . 1000

Marie Dabbs, wife; Jessie NJ. Harris,
daughter; Clarence c. and Major G,
Dabbs, sons; Edith Dandolph. Maceo
A. Harris, Jr., grandchildren; Carol
L. and Frances A. Randolph, great
grandchildren.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1941-03-11
Nazi News Agency
Under Indictment
Referendum
Is Killed

Raleigh, March 11.-(AP)-
The House finance committee
this afternoon rejected the Nc
GoWan liquor referendum bill
by a "a to 10 vote.
Three members Immediately
filed a minority favorable re-
port, hut it will take a favorable
vote by tWo-thirds of the House
membership to get the favorable
report before the representatives
for debate and action.
Representatives c. L. Quinn of
Dur!in, Mckinley Edwards of
Swain and o. l.. Moore of Scot
land signed the minority report.
The House propositions and
grievances committee OF which
Quinn is chairman reported the
tHI fa%voraE,lv last week, but
S;n"aker N;sll sent it to the fin
ance group because if the state
voted for a return to, prohibition
Il Nuuli have removed nearly
S1,G00,bGO from the estimated
biHnnidi taN > cciptS.
N.sS YESTERDAY proposed an
amendment postpoSting the cf-
tcctiVc Gate of closing of stores
il tilf state voted dry until July
|, 1913, but the committee re
icctcd that by voting by secret
ballot to report the bill unfavOr-
ably.