davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1941-03-22
Condemns German JunkerS
And Forecasts British Land Reform.

~ t4ie A@N4tOA Va Ale Guar
An authority on agrarian conditions
in Germany states that one half of her
agricultural land is in great Junker
estates that employ some 2,50O,OO0
workers under conditions akin to serfdom.
The other half, not fully free of Junker
influence, is in smaller farms employing
some 100000 workers whose products
exceed those of the great estates by from
At to SO per cent. Many of the great
estates, through the profligacy of their
owners, have long been bankrupt and
are held together by laws barring FORE
closure of mortgages and providing
enormous subsidies.
Gen. Hindenburg as presidential cam
didate promised to break up some of the
bankrupt properties into small holdings
for the soldiers who had followed him.
But when the time came for fulfillment,
the Junkers presented him with fine
estate in East Prussia, whereupon the
project definitely was shelved He ac-
cepted Hitler as Chancellor only on the
latter's promise not to interfere with the
privileges of the JunkerS-about the only
promise he has kept. He is dubbed die
tator, but the real rulers of Germany are
the Junkers, a few aristocratic families
and the big companies who own the
mines and are also heavily subsidized.
The agrarian conditions above noted
are by no means peculiar to Germany.
Except for Russia, where now the only
landlord is the state, they are as bad or
worse elsewhere in Europe, particularly in
Italy, Spain, and Hungary. The differ
ence is that the Junker estates are and
have long been the breeding grounds for
a militarism that, except for Japan, is
without parallel in disregard for the
rights of common humanity.
That democracy could not long survive
in such an atmosphere is no cause for
wonder -.
However far Communist doctrine may
attain to power in Europe, there is little
likelihood of its spreading to conservative
Great Britain. The indications are that
her great material losses will force an
end to the long campaign against land
lordism through measures to tax it's
profits in land rents into the public treas
ury where, as socially made values, they
rightly belong. BY that simple expedient
will be added economic freedom in the
use of her soil to the political freedom
she has long enjoyed.
Such an event should give our New
Deal reformerS something aside from
socialistic paternalism to ponder as a
means of adjusting the serious unbalance
in our economic life.
WALTER N. CAMPBELL,
Evening star., 1941-03-22
AGRICULTURAL SkuIIduqqery

1t is customary to think of India
as backward country with a low
standard of living and almost i'm
pervious to modern thought. Certain
it is that farmers there cannot use
the American technique of plowing
under crops and reaping harvest of
government checks. Under the
stimulus of forced production they
have resorted to low but effective
forms of trickery, says DR.. Spencer
Hatch, agricultural expert, giving
two examples. Honey output is dou-
bled by robbing combs before they
are full; the little workers, who do
not know how to strike, notice
vaguely that something is wrong but
toll overtime to fill their quota Cows
are inveigled into better yields by
showing them stuffed calf at milk
ing time, as come on.
These and other devices will come
in handy here. Oliver Goldsmith, in
his Vicar of Wakefield" may have
had a good idea when he wanted to
save fodder costs by providing saw
dust for lunch and green glasses for
the cows to make them think it was
grass. Perhaps in the near future
no hens nest will be complete with
out an ostrich egg in it, to show the
tenant what can be done Purists
may criticize these devices as un-
ethical, but it would seem to be a lot
more practical for the agriculturist
to fool his stock than just to fool
himself.
Evening star., 1941-03-22

cause OF greedy garages here who take
advantage of car owners who have failed
to meet the requirements.
The letter to The Star signed Driver"
asks where I have driven an automo-
bile. Perhaps it may suffice to say
that I have motored in most States of
the Union and for seven years in WASH
ington-without one accident.
Perhaps those motorists who do not
brook criticism of our Division of Motor
Vehicles have not visited there lately.
I did, few days ago, and I still am
limp from the ordeal.
Desiring to procure a District Of CO.
lumbia auto title last week, one morn
ing by 7:4s I landed No. position in
the fast-growing line at the title" win
dow. When at $50 the Office opened,
the eager standees soon discovered that
first come" may mean first served"
some places-but not at the Traffic
Bureau. Every few minutes auto deal
ers would dash to the title window,
shove in an armful of titles which be-
fore long were returned completed.
Although I was fifth in line, my title
received scant attention for the better
part Of two hours! What is more, I
know that scattered over this city there
are other taxpayers who waited in that
line only to receive the same treat
ment. No doubt they, too, wonder
whether or not the Traffic Bureau is
operating mainly for the auto dealers.
At the bureaus driving permit de-
partment persons who submit evidence
OF many years driving experience in
Virginia are politely informed: THE
District does not recognize Virginia
permits because Virginia does not honor
District of Columbia permits" And I
thought that war was over in 1865!
In the tag department, one window
was opened for business, trying to serve
hundreds of persons All employees were
polite. Considering the meagre IA
cilities, those employees deserve much
credit for maintaining their civility.
I concluded my visit to the bureau by
2 PIMA guest" for six hours. Nat
urally, was concerned lest I wear out
= my welcome. Evidently I did not-I
had such difficulty getting away.
BERNARD KoHN.
Evening star., 1941-03-22

Q. How many languages are broadcast
over Station WRUL of the World Wide
Broadcasting Foundation?-J. K. M.
A. Station WRUL at Boston broad
casts programs in seven languages.
@. Who is chief of chaplains in the
Navy and Marine Corps?-L. F.
A. Capt. Robert D. Workman. U. S. N,
Is chief of chaplains for the Navy and
the Marine Corps.
@. How does Molotov breadbasket
work?-H. D. S.
A. Current History says: Inside the
Molotov breadbasket which looks lust
like bomb itself, are 20 or 80 small
incendiary pencils and regular demoli-
ton bomb. At set altitude the shell
of the bresdbasket falls apart, scattering
the incendiaries which strike in a circle
around their big, high-explosive COM
panion bomb. Fragments of wood, cloth
and other debris, blown about by the,
demolition bomb, catch fire quickly
@. In what year did Washington first
attend public celebration of his birth
day?-M. A. r.
A. A tablet in Gadsby's Tavern in
Alexandria, Va, shows that in 1893
the first celebration OF WashingtonIs
birthday in which he participated was
held there.
@. What Is the highest decoration
awarded military and naval men in
Great Britain?-C. j. B.
A. The Victoria Cross is the rarest OF
British decorations and takes precedence
over all other orders and medals. OFF,
GERS and men of the navy, army, air
force and merchant service, matrons.
sisters and staff nurses and civilians
acting under orders of any of the three
services are eligible for the award.
@. How long has football been plaved
at Notre Dame University?-W. J. C.
A. The first game of football at Notre
Dame was played in the fall of 1887.
@. Who originated the saying that
corporations have no souls?-G. AZ
A. Sir Edward Coke is the author of
the phrase which was used in the trial
of the case of Sutton's Hospital in 1872
Evening star., 1941-03-22
Civil Strife in Chino

Recent QlSpdtcneS pear Jne OlS-
quieting news that the perennial do
mestic quarrel between the Chinese
Communists and the government of
Chang Kai-shek threatens to flare
up again. The Communists seem to
have recovered from the severe disci-
plining of their rebellious forces ad-
ministered by General Chang last
December. At least, they have pre-
sented the Chungking government
with a series of demands which would
restore and even increase their mill
tary strength, and would place them
in a preferred political position. Ac-
cusing the Communists of fomenting
disunion and seeking to further their
own ends under the guise of resist
ance to Japan, Chang nevertheless
felt constrained to ask the Peoples
Political Council to attempt media
ton.
The council has adjourned, SEEM
ingly without doing much except
issuing a manifesto expressing the
hope that the Communists would
abandon differences with the gov
ernment for the sake of national
unity. Since Chang has explicitly
condemned the Communist program,
1t looks as though they might make
trouble now that their demands have
been refused.
This feud between the Nationalist
government known as the Kuomin-
tang and the Communists goes back
many years, giving rise to a bloody
civil war. Into this Welter of civil
strife cut the sharp sword of Japan
with It's invasion of China. The
natural reaction was for Kuomintang
and Communists to form a common
front against the invader who threat
ened both. However, this alliance
has never been stable one. Having
kept their party organization and
military formations intact, the Com
munists have consistently sought to
expand their numbers and extend
their authority.
There can be no doubt that the
Communists have done yeoman serv-
ice against the japanese Their we'll
led troops have fought bravely, and
they have proved masters in organiz-
ing the peasantry in guerrilla war
fare against the Nipponese invaders.
But alongside these patriotic services,
the Communists have used aggressive
tactics against their Nationalist al
lies, fighting Kuomintang troops and
prosecuting government supporters
wherever they have gained the upper
hand.
Equally beyond doubt is the loyalty
Of the Communist leaders to Moscow
and their determination to transform
China into a Communist state. In
contrast to their goal of ruthless
social revolution, Chang and his
supporters aim at making China a
nation state along Western lines, in
cluding such conservative features
as parliamentary government, pri-
vate property and traditional social
institutions.
AS between these two programs,
there can be no doubt which one
tends to arouse our sympathies and
best conforms to our interests. The
establishment of Red China in close
alliance with Red Russia would be a
Evening star., 1941-03-22

disaster to all Western democracies.
Yet it is to be hoped that a renewal
of civil war in China can be averted.
Such a struggle might tip the scales
in favor of Japan, or free her hands
for full-fledged drive at Singapore
and the Dutch Indies. The capacity
of the Chinese for composing, or at
least adjourning, seemingly irrecon-
cilable differences is we'll known.
With the common foe deeply en-
trenched in China, this harmonizing
faculty was never more needed than
today.
Evening star., 1941-03-22
Asserts PrOvidential Origin
Of Freedom and Happiness.
To the Editor Of tn,

To the Editor OF The Star:
Every believer in God must realize
that there can be but one outcome of
the present world conflict. God never
has been and never can be defeated in
His purposes. When He created nature
He designed the human family to be
its capstone, all other component parts
to contribute to its well-being and per-
fection -.
Democracy is the logical result of
the natural law of development, which
Is stronger than the mandate of any
dictator, over which it must finally pre-
vail, unless we acknowledge Gods in
ability to sustain His laws. Any force
is doomed to disaster which places itself
in conflict with mans natural desire
for freedom and happiness, for God
gave these to His creation.
DAVID A. TAYLOR.
Evening star., 1941-03-22

At the tender age of twenty-five
Robert Feller of the Cleveland club
has won 80 ball games. How many do
you suppose Walter Johnson would
have had to his credit at CORE
spending age if he had team be-
hind him comparable to the present
Cleveland aggregation?
Evening star., 1941-03-22

A reader can get the ansWer to any
question OF fact by Dritinq The Epe-
ming Star Information Bureau, Fred.
eric J. Hdskin, director, Washington,
D. C. Please inclose stamp for reply.
@. What Is the largest structure ever
built by man?-T. G. r.
A. The Grand Coulee Dam, which Is
$50 feet high, 1900 feet long, and con-
tains II ,250,0O0 cubic yards of concrete,
is the largest structure yet erected by
man.
@. How much pay did soldiers Of ths
United States, Great Britain, France.
Italy and Germany receive during the
World War?-V. j. S.
A. The rates Of pay were as follows:
United States, 81 per day; Great Britain,
SO cents per day; France, 5 cents per
day; Italy, 2 to 4 cents per day; Ger
many, 10 cents per day.
@. What kind of glue is used for eye
glass lenses?-R. E. A.
A. The National Bureau of Standards
says that Canada balsam is used by
opticians to cement lenses.
@. How many hospital beds are avail
able for patients in the United States?
A. D.
A. According to the 1910 edition OF
Hospital Service in the United States.
the total number of beds available in
registered hospitals was 1,195,O26.
@. When was the Berlin Rome Toxic
axis formed?-S. T. E
A. Germany, Japan and italy signed
In Berlin on September o. 1910, a To-
year military and economic treaty-the
Treaty of Berlin-by which they pooled
their totaltarian armaments and pledged
to help one another against the United
States If one of them becomes involved
with America.
Q. How long is the Triborough Bridge
in New York City?-P. LIB.
A. The Triborough Bridge at New
YORK City consists of a suspension bridge
OF l,380-foot channel span and 705-foot
SIDE spans over the East River at Hell
Gate, vertical lift bridge over the Har-
lem River, with lift span of 80 feet, fixed
truss spans over the Bronx Kills with a
channel span of $50 feet
Q. What are the odds against being
oeaIt an ace in rummy game?-J M. M.
A. The chances are out of 50 that
an ace will be dealt in rummy game.
Evening star., 1941-03-22

There is on record a case in which
compensation was granted under the.
law to a woman who, it was proved,
was allergic to Japanese mink" If
any of the ladies are allergic to
Siberian sable or to chinchilla, they
manage to keep it to themselves.
Evening star., 1941-03-22
Tells of Six-Hour "OrdeaP
At Motor Vehicle Division.
To the Editor of The Star:

To the Editor Of The Star:
Apparently my letter to The Star
March 14 citing the woes of District
of Columbia auto inspection has not met
with unanimous approval among local
car owners.
First, hasten to assure Mrs. Natalie
r. Fernald, who scored me in The Star,
March Is, that I, too, found the car
inspectors most courteous and co-opera-
tive. I submitted my complaint be-
Evening star., 1941-03-22

The District Commissioners voice
opposition to any plan to ban all
downtown parking as "too big a step
to take at this time" 1t will never
be any smaller, or any easier, Hon.
orable Gentlemen.
Evening star., 1941-03-22

A mouse, short-circuiting a power
line in Germany, put it out of action
for twenty-four hours. Could it
have been a descendant of Aesops
famous mouse that helped a lion of
other dayS?
Evening star., 1941-03-22

When foreign statesman is 'in-
vited" to Berchtesgaden, it is for him
combination of the schoolboy
being called to the headmaster's
carpet and the fly being welcomed
to the spiders parlor.
Evening star., 1941-03-22
Asks Recess for Employees
On Good Friday Afternoon.
To the Editor of The at.r.

On Good Friday Afternoon.
To the Editor of The Star:
The State Council. Daughters OF
America, unanimously indorse the move
ment seeking the cooperation of local
business firms for three hour business
recess from IL noon to 3 pm. on Good
Friday, to afford their employees op-
portunity for worship and meditation.
If as a Christian Nation we COM
memorate the incarnation of Christ on
Christmas Day, then it would seem alto
gether fitting that the day of His atoning
sacrifice on the cross likewise should be
observed reverently. G. H. MILLER.
Secretary, Daughters Of America.
Evening star., 1941-03-22

Economic Minister Funk of Ger
many is said to be no relation to the
great tribe of Blue Funk in Italy.
Evening star., 1941-03-22
Letters to the Editor

Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address of
the 10riter, although the use OF
a pSeudonym for publication is
permissible. The Star reSerUes
the right to edit all letters tUtth
Die1D to condensation.
Evening star., 1941-03-22
Successful Public Speaking

DuOOcos1ur uUIIC SptdkIng-A
32-page booklet summarizing the
essentials of public speaking in
simple and practical form. How to
plan and deliver speeches for all
occasions, how to improve your
voice, how to overcome nervousness
and gain self-confidence in this
art. To secure your copy of this
publication inclose 10 cents in coin,
wrapped in this clipping, and mail
to The Star Information Bureau.
Name
Address
Evening star., 1941-03-22
Huskin's Answers
To Questions
By Frederic J. Hdsktn.

A reader can get the answer to any
question OF fact by ,0riting The Eue-
ming Star Information Bureau, Fred
eric J. Haskin, director, Washington,
D. c. Please inclose stamp for reply.
Evening star., 1941-03-22

@. How many languages are broadcast
over Station WRUL of the World Wide
Broadcasting Foundation?-J. K. M.
A. Station WRUL at Boston broad
casts programs in seven languages.
Evening star., 1941-03-22

@. What kind of glue is used for eye
glass lenses?-R. E. A.
A. The National Bureau of Standards
says that Canada balsam is used by
opticians to cement lenses.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-03-26
Outbreaks Are Taking Place In Jugoslavia
Continued from Page l.)

were held at Knjazevac, Cacak, Kraljevo, Gorni- -Milanovic, Cetinje, Podgorica, Ursac, and Bella -Crkva among other places.
 Biggest Showdown
 The biggest demonstration was held at Knjazevac, where townspeo- pie first cheered boy King Petar and then, joined by soldiers and their officers from the local garri- son, demons trated against the pact. The soldiers were wildly cheered by civilians. When officers finally or- dered the soldiers back to barracks, they insisted that they be sent to the frontier.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-03-26

him by automobile to the Bellevue Palace.
 Thousands of men and women, re- leased from factories and business houses at ? D. m., lined the route from Annhalter station to the Belle vue Palace where Matsuoka will stay while he is here.
 We want nothing from Ameri- cans and we leave them alone," Matsuoka said. "They should follow that example and leave us in peace in Asia.
 Perhaps I shall do something here. Americans must wait and sec whether I undertake something in Europe"
 Defends Japan
 Matsuoka described events since the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1881 and his defense of the Jap- anese course before the League of Nations at Geneva.
 T returned to Tokyo from Geneva Gin 1932) in full knowledge that England and America would eter- nally oppose Japan's reconstruction in the Far East. Therefore, our place is alone at Germany's side" he said.
 T have remained of that opinion and therefore fought until the three power pact was perfected"
 At Posen and other stations en route to Berlin from Moscow uni- formed Nazi organizations welcomed Matsuoka At Posen he left the train briefly and inspected the Hit Ter youth.
 Tn Berlin Nazis, who had hailed the entrance of Jugoslavia to the axis as Q diplomatic Dunkirk, ar ranged an impressive welcome for Matsuoka. It was indicated that they regarded his vhsit as showing that the totalitarian nations throughout the world were presenting Q solid front
 Newspaper Headlines
 Newspaper headlines. as crowds lined the bcflagged streets to cheer Matsuoka. were:
 "Jugoslavia ignores Anglo-Saxon bluff" war mongerers and war ex- tenders arrive too late" England loses another battle." neither Bri- tIsh methods nor coarse wild politin Of Roosevelt able to hinder result" "Britains diplomatic Dunkirk: 1t will not be the last"
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-03-26
Strike Leaders Are
 Ready To Use Force
(Continued from Page D

1 to c1crc all (seven) Bethlehem plants if they (the company want a finish fight
 The strike was called Monday afternoon in protest against activ- ities of the employees representa- ton plan, an linafflliated union that has existed 20 years and which the SWOC charges is a company union.
 Curtiss announced that the SWOC had accepted an invitation to meet ERP representatives at 10 8. m. today to talk over the dis pute. The meeting was arranged by W. L. Trumbauer, manage ment representative in charge of industrial relations. The SWOC requested that two federal concili. ators, sent here to attempt arbi- tration, be invited to the meting Trumbauer refused to have them and Curtiss said he would investi- gate why the conciliators were not wanted.
 While accepting the overture from the company, Curtiss de- nounced the state police as damn able Cossacks" and "felons on horseback"
 Cambria Works Running
 Johnstow, Pa, March 26.-(UP)- Members of the CIO Steel Workers organizing committee went to work without incident today in the Cam bria Works of Bethlehem Steel Corp.
 But SWOC Couriers stood ready to carry a strike message to every division of the mill, where l5,oO0 are employed, if evidence is found that officials of the employees re- presentation plan, an independent union, has set up ballot boxes in the plant for election of officers.
 First balloting of the ERP, a labor group which the SWOC charges is a company union and has been outlawed by the National Labor relations board, had been scheduled in the lower Cambria division of the plant.
 In reply to reports that the ERp had called off its plan to conduct an election today, tomorrow, and Friday, Charles White, ERP secre- tary, said no decision had been reached as to whether the election would proceed.
 James B. Gent, sub-regional dir- ector of sWOC, said the SWOC is to act the minute the ball. lot boxes appear whether 1t be today next week or next 
 Union forces were mobilized at the SWOC headquarters ready to set up picket lines at the first report of ERP election activities.
 At meeting of 2,000 SWOC members last night, James B. Gent, sub-regional SWOC director, said, i've are stopping work at 2 e. m. If there is e ballot box any place in the mill"
 The SWOC had conducted a one- day strike here March 17 when the ERP nominated the candidates who were to have been voted on.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-03-26
CONN. IS HAVEN
 FOR TAX DODGERS
(Continued from Page D


 Many of these people are fine additions to Connecticut, but inso- far as they come here only to escape the New York state income tax, they may be compared to the sweatshop industries who used to come to Con- necticut to escape more rigorous labor legislation and factory inspec- ton elsewhere
 "It is time that an equitable tax load WIZ devised to carry the cost of state government in Connecticut. The first principle should be to re- lieve the small ho"le owner and tax payer in low income groups and shift the tax lFirden to incomes of those most ablc to bear it."
 Senator Bingham said he has in- troduced five measures in the gen. eral assembly to reduce taxes. on low income persons by approximate ly $l1, 100000. Institution of a graduated state income tax pat termed after the New York state law, he said, would yield the state approximately $l2,000,000 each year.
 Abolition of Taxes
 He proposed abolition of the states old age assistance tax of $3. the state tax on towns, the state military tax, and tax exemption on the first $2000 of the assessed property value of homes and farms, where they are occupied by the owner.
 Sen. Bingham said he was try ing to work out plan whereby the taxpayer would not have to i'll out two income tax forms, as in New York state. He said state income tax return could be based on the federal return.
 "It has been the opposition of most of the towns in Fairfield coun- ty," Bingham said, (which has pre- vented us from having an income tax. The time has come to correct this situation"
 Legislative hearings on several of the Bingham bills are scheduled In the next few days.