davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1941-05-31
Co|ored Mems Vision
AT Night Reported
Better Than Whites
Tests Made at Fort Broqq;
Revolutionary Role for
Race in Army Seen
By the Associated Press.

BY the Associated PreSS.
FORT BRAGG, N. c., May 81
Evidence that colored men can see
better at night than white-a dis
covery that may revolutionize their
role in the Nations armed forces
was carried to Washington today by
two scientists who have been con-
ducting vision tests with selectees
here
One of the two scientists, DR.. H.
De Sylvia of the Yale University
Driver research center, described
the discovery as "the most startling
find since we entered the field" of
night vision.
DR.. De Sylvia and DR.. w. M. Miles,
vision expert of the National Re-
search Council, will present their
findings to Col. David Grant. chief
medical officer of the Army Air
Corps.
1000 Men Examined.
DR.. De Sylvia began the vision
tests last month in connection with
a truck driving school for soldiers
at the fort. After 1000 to 5000 men
were examined, he concluded that
colored men had better night sight
than whites.
He then called DR.. Miles to con-
firm his discovery-with startling
results"
DR.. Miles picked at random seven
white and eight colored selectees.
He lined up the selectees on a
night -blackened field, and told them
to look at a point 100 feet away,
where a stick had been placed.
On each end of the stick was a
square of white cardboard and the
soldiers were asked whether the
stick was in a horizontal or vertical
position.
The colored men could see the
cards, but the whites could not.
Most of the whites had to approach
to within so feet-one half the dis
tance-before they made out the
cards.
That would indicate that the COL
ored men as a whole could see twice
as we'll at nights as the white men.
Never Suspected Phenomenon.
DR.. De Sylvia said I'VE never even
suspected this phenomenon before
the Fort Bragg experiments"
He pointed out that scientists had
known for some time that lack of
vitamin A caused night blindness. :"
He did not offer any explanation,
however, as to the apparent super
iority of the night vision of Negroes.
The place which the present dis
covery of Negro night-sight super
iority will take is as yet
impossible to say" he continued.
But this may lead us to conclusions
never before dreamed of. 1t may
result in changes in our military
setup on land, sea and air"
He did not elaborate on the pos
slble changes. However, it is pre-
sumed that if the tests are found to
be conclusive. colored men may be
given such jobs as driving truck con-
voyS during blackouts and spotting
ships and aircraft at night.
Evening star., 1941-05-31
Father Wounds
Son, Mistoking
Him for ProwIer
By the Associated Press.


CHICAGO, May 31.-A father mis-
took his 19-year-old son for a
prowler and seriously wounded the
youth as he stole into his home
early today to avoid awakening his
family, Policeman James Aman said.
Its not your fault, dad" Richard
Aman, a Northwestern University
sophomore, said as he collapsed in
his fathers arms, with three bullet
wounds, one near the heart.
Officer Aman, a brother of the
youths father, Al Aman, said Rich
ard had been scolded for staying out
late nights and had gone to his
sleeping porch by walking along a
second floor ledge and removing a
screen.
The father heard the noise. the
officer said, and shouted a challenge
toward a shadow on the porch.
When there was no answer, Officer
Aman said, his brother fired three
times.
Evening star., 1941-05-31
Inadequate Relief Blamed
For Many Army Reflections
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
PHILADELPHIA, May 31.-Wal-
ter West, executive secretary of the
American Association of Social
Workers. asserted yesterday that
"the fact that nearly half of the
selectees examined for induction
into the Army have been rejected
for physical defects is in part at
tributable to inadequate public as
sistance programs during the past
10 years"
Mr.. West made the statement in
discussing a report submitted to
the delegate conference of the as
sociation by the Committee on
Government and Social Work.
There are 45,000,0O0 people in this
country who are underfed at this
very moment" he said. "One of
the great tasks ahead of us is to
take steps to correct this condition
as part of the program of
strengthening our defense forces
through the conservation of human
resources"
Evening star., 1941-05-31
100 U. 5. Planes Sent China
In Month, Japanese Say
" the Associated Press,


TOXIC, May 81 A Navy Minis
try war summary said today that
the United States sent Generalissimo
Chang Kai-shek's Chinese forces
100 warplanes in February and cited
that as the reason for redoubled
japanese efforts to bomb the Burma
road.
Chungking, the Chinese capital,
will be bombed by naval planes at
every opportunity, the report de-
clared.
1t claimed 121 Chinese planes
had been destroyed in the last five
months, including 80 new craft of
Soviet Russian manufacture in
March and go this month in air
combat
No mention was made of Japa-
nese losses.
Evening star., 1941-05-31
Bird Walk Will Sturt
Naturalist Proqrum

The National Capital Parks sum-
mer naturalist program begins at
$50 am. tomorrow with a bird walk
along the canal towpath beginning
at Cabin John car stop No. 80.
The Shenandoah National Park
tour will organize at II am. at
Panorama and buses will leave 1416
F street NV. at 8 am. A tree walk
will start from the Alabama avenue
entrance to Fort Dupont Park at
2:30 pm. under the guidance of a
park naturalist.
Evening star., 1941-05-31
Ex-King Projodhipok of Siam
Is Dead in England at ~
Former Monarch, Long
In III Health, Often
Visited America
b the Associated Press.

By the Associated PreSs.
LONDON, May 31.-Little, dark
skinned former King Prajadhipok of
Siam (now Thailand, who spent
100000 a year to maintain an
elaborate court as the last absolute
ruler of the Far East kingdom, died
of heart disease early today at his
Surrey estate.
The 47-year-old monarch, who had
visited the United States several
times, had been in poor health for
several years. During a flve-month
stay in America in 1881 he under
went treatment for cataracts at
Johns Hopkins Hospital in Balti-
more, and later was operated on in
New York.
tPrajadhipok and his queen,
with her parents. were guests at
the home of the late Larz Ander-
son on Massachusetts avenue dur
ing a brief visit to Washington in
the spring of 1881. The royal
party was entertained at a White
House dinner by President Hoo
ment, he made only one public
appearance, attending a convoca-
ton at which he received an hon.
orary degree from George WASH
ington University
Ruler From 1925 to 1885.
The 5-foot King, who ruled from
1925 to 1885, had resided quietly in
England with his ex-Queen, RAM
bai-Barni, since giving up his throne.
They had 40 servants and lived off
an income from Thailand estimated
at s1,50OOO0.
The last of his kingly preroga-
tives was removed by the Siamese
Parliament while he was abroad in
1885 and Prajadhipok, threatened
with blindness, renounced the
throne.
Prajadhipok was the seventh ruler
OF the Chakri dynasty which became
powerful in 1882. He was the second
son of Sowasha Pongsi, one of the
many consorts of Rama ", who was
the last Siamese ruler to maintain
harem.
Progressive Reforms.
Prajadhipok's brother died No
vember rs, 1925, and the little man
became King, instituting a number
Of progressive government reforms.
His queen was his cousin, whom he
Evening star., 1941-05-31
Third OF q SerieS.)
By A. T. STEELE,

Foresn Correspondent OF The star and
Chicago Daily News.
CHUNGKING (by Clipper Pres
sure of American opinion has done
much to foreStall complete break
American reaction to the new 4th
Army incident has awakened Chi
neSe leaders to the fact that the
United States would frown on civil
war in China.
With American material assist
ance promised or on the way. the
Chinese government is reluctant to
launch military campaign against
the "unmanageable" Communist
armies.
But this is not the only reason
they hesitate. Civil war would be
unpopular, too, with the Chinese
people and with large sections of
the army. Patriots oppose it be-
cause they know it would play into
the hands of the Japanese and the
puppets. Let's not fight among
ourselves" they urge. until the in
vader is driven out. Then. if neces-
sary. we can battle to finish"
There is a third considerations
very important one. That is the un-
certainty surrounding the Russian
attitude Hitherto. all Soviet help
to China has been dispensed through
Gen Chang Kai-shek's government
in Chungking. The Reds, despite
r-ifh
tern, have received none of it. If
Gen. Chiang's government were to
turn on the Chinese Reds, would
the Soviets turn on him?
Russia Silent on Aims.
Chinese Communists are making
the most of this in their propa-
ganda. They claim that in case of
a civil conflict the Russian govern
ment would almost certainly suspend
material assistance to Chungking.
Some even go so far as to suggest
that the Russians would open up a
direct line of supply to the Reds.
The hitch there is that the Com
munists are cut off from Soviet ter
ritory on the north by barrier of
non-Communist Chinese armies.
They would have to fight through
to make contact.
The Russians, however, give no
clue to their real intentions. When
a part of the new 4th Army was at
tackled and disbanded in January,
precipitating the present crisis, Rus
sian diplomats in Chungking dis
played agitation and concern and
made official inquiries, but they took
no steps to intervene. Russian ad-
visers remain and Russian ma
terial help continues. A general
conflict, involving the whole Chinese
Red Army, would, of course, be vast
ly more serious.
In the United States the Chinese
Communists have enjoyed an ex-
traordinarily good press. 1t is trite
but truthful to say that fine as
many of their accomplishments are.
the Reds have been publicized out
of proportion to the role they have
played in the war against Japan.
Like others who have visited the
Red areas in Northwest China, I
have been impressed with the in
tegrity and sincerity of their lead
ership and their efforts to intro
duce democracy to the Chinese peo-
pie. Their drastic methods may be
open to criticism, but there is no
denying that, within their limited
means, they have succeeded to a
greater extent than the Kuomintang
in coping with the fundamental
problem of land tenure and in mo-
bilizing the immense latent strength
of the masses.
This is all very well, but 1t is
easy to let sympathy for the social
Evening star., 1941-05-31
A. w. Berresford Dies

NEW YORK. May 81 (P.-Ar-
thur w. Berresford. SO. former
president of the American Insti-
tute of Electrical Engineers, died
yesterday at his Riverside Drive
home. He was vice president and
general manager from 1905 to 1928
of the Cutler Hammer Manufac-
turing Co.
Evening star., 1941-05-31
Robert H. McCarter Dies;
Was HaII-MiI|s Counsel
= the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
RUMSON. N. j., May 31.-Robert
Harris McCarter, 80, chief defense
counsel in the Hall-Mills murder
case, died yesterday at his home.
He had been in i'll health for some
time and suffered a heart attack
Thursday.
The three defendants. including
Mrs. Frances Stevens Hail. widow
Of the slain rector. were acquitted
in the murder trial in 1926.
A former New Jersey attorney
general, Robert McCarter was a
brother of Thomas N McCarter.
organizer of the Public Service
Corp. of New Jersey and the pre-
sent chairman of Its board.
Evening star., 1941-05-31
Katharine Cornell Seen
In Scent Matinee
B, the Associated Press.

NEW YORK, May 31-Broadway
saw something new yesterday
Katharine Cornell in a scent mat
inee of The Doctors Dilemma"
The occasion was the first special
performance Of a series arranged by
Actors Equity and other organiza-
tions to interest high school pupils
in the theater.
Alfred Harding, representing Ac-
tors Equity, asked the 1900 pupils
who packed the Shubert how many
were seeing the legitimate theater
for the first time Ushers esti-
mated that about one-third raised
their hands.
Evening star., 1941-05-31
Operator and Wife Die
In Projection Room Fire

BY the Associated Press.
RADCLIFFE, Iowa. May 81
Clayton Carr, motion picture op-
orator, and his wife burned to death
last night when they were trapped
in the projection room by fire
which destroyed frame theater
building.
Mr.. Carr was in the booth re-
winding film after the last per-
formance.
Evening star., 1941-05-31
35,O00-Ton Batf|eship
South Dakota 10 Be
Launched Next Week
S52,7o4, 900 SEQ Fortress
Four Months Ahead
Of Schedule
By the Associated Press.

oy tuc hoSOSldIcu Eleoss
CAMDEN, N. j., May 31.-Ths
South Dakota. third powerful 35,-
000-ton battleship to be turned out
in this countrys drive toward a
tWo-ocean Navy, will be launched
next Saturday, iour months ahead
of schedule.
The $50, ,794 900 sea fortress, with
her sister ships. Washington and
North Carolina, both commissioned
within the past two months. bring
the Navy's battleship strength to
1S when they join the fleet.
No date has been set for com.
missioning of the new Warship. The
North Carolina was turned over
to her commander and crew at
Brooklyn Navy Yard 10 months
after being launched, while the
Washington formally went into
service at Philadelphia Navy Yard
in II months.
Like her twin sisters, the South
Dakota will mount nine 16-inch
guns and score of smaller broad
side and anti-aircraft weapons. The
three new dreadnaughts will be
the worlds most formidable in
shooting power.
Ranking naval officers, Govern
ment officials and representatives
of the State of South Dakota, for
which the ship is named, will at
tend launching ceremonies at the
New York Shipbuilding Corp. yards.
Mrs. Harlan j. Bushfeld. wife Of
the Governor of South Dakota, will
christen the vessel.
When the South Dakota leaves
the ways, the keel for a new ship
will be laid, probably for one of six
| battle cruisers which New York
ship concern will build for the Navy.
These cruisers will be from 24000
to 27000 tons and carry u or "a
inch guns.
Evening star., 1941-05-31

married in 1918 when she was IA
years old.
When Prajadhipok abdicated, the
throne went to his nephew, Amanda,
an 1l-year-old schoolboy then in
Switzerland. Amanda was pro-
claimed King March Z, 1885. His
first reaction was:
Il want to stay here and play.
don't want to be King"
In his own country, the English
educated Prajadhipok was known
by many sounding titles during his
reign, such as Descendant of the
Great God Buddha," Brother of
the Moon" "Half-Brother of the
Sum-" and "PosseSsor of -Four and
Twenty Umbrellas" though an aide
once said there was only one UNI
brella" and that was used ceremo-
nially,
Evening star., 1941-05-31
Three-Yeor Service Men
Exempt From Draft

BY The Associated Press
HYDE PARK, N. Y. May 81
President Roosevelt signed a bill
late yesterday exempting from the
draft all men who have served three
consecutive years in the Marine
Corps, Coast Guard or Navy.
1t also exempts men who have
spent one year in any of the three
services and two in the Reserve.
The exemption already applies to
men who have been in the Army,
and the objective of the new act was
to accord equal treatment to those
who had served in the other
branches of the armed forces.
Evening star., 1941-05-31
Reward for Hospitality

BERNE (P).-Swiss hospitality to
a blind Jewish emigrant from for
mer Austria has brought its reward
for the blind of Switzerland. The
emigrant, who is an expert in braille.
is now editor of a publication for
the blind which specializes in articles
on the lives of men and women
who have become great despite
blindness.
Evening star., 1941-05-31
Tenont Pays Rent
On Lund He Owns
py,b aAxeoc;,tad pr..

By the Associated Press.
DES MONIES, Iowa. May 81
Ernest L. Moore is a model tenant
for % years he paid 81 an acre rent
for 10 acres of land that he owned
all the time.
Mr.. Moore, a farmer near Shell
dahl, Iowa, rented 40 acres from his
brother in 1912. The brother died
in 1940
Then lawyers found Ernest had
owned 10 of the acres since the
death of their father more than 25
years ago.
Evening star., 1941-05-31
Construction Supervisor
Of |. R. T. Subway Dies
By the Associated Press.

BY the ASS0clated Press.
BRUNSWICK, Me, May 31.-Wil-
liam G. Merryman, 80, who super
vised construction of the Broadway
subway for the Interborough Rapid
Transit Co. in New York City, died
yesterday at his home.
He served as assistant engineer for
the city of ST. Paul, Mimi, from 1885
to 1890 and was in charge of the
Great Northern Railroads bridge
construction from st. Paul to the
Pacific Coast. He also served as en-
gineer for the New York Central
and Hudson River Railroad.
Evening star., 1941-05-31
Man Burned Lighting Stove

Robert WEIGH, 80. of 1914 Riggs
place NV. was treated at Emer-
gency Hospital for burns received
when lighting a stove at a restau-
rant at 507 F street NV. early to-
day. His condition is not believed
TO be serious.
Evening star., 1941-05-31
Holy Cross Academy
To Hold Graduation
Service Tomorrow
Moss to Be Celebrated
And Address Given
AT Dunborton College

Commencement exercises of the
Academy of the Holy Cross will be
held at 9:l5 am. tomorrow at Dun
barton College.
Mass will be celebrated by the
Rev. James M. Campbell and the
graduation address delivered by the
Rev. John Spence
Glass night exercises were held
Thursday and included presentation
of the graduates, singing, the class
play and an address by Representa-
tive Tolan of California.
Graduates are.
Evening star., 1941-05-31
JoeI's Estote S15,500, 900

LONDON, May 81 Cp.-J. B. Joel,
diamond king and race horse owner
who died last November, left an
estate valued at SIS 5,500.000 it was
disclosed today. The Government
inheritance tax was $6,700,000.
Evening star., 1941-05-31
Dr.. J. K. FREIOT, DENTIST
PLATE SPECIALIST
Plates Repaired While You Wait
407 7th St. NV. MA. O019
RESORTS.

RESORTS.
ATLANTIC CITY, N. J.
Seashore-Modern home of distinction. :.
minutes drives from center of Atlantic
City; Quiet location; protected beach.
6 bedrooms, baths; spacious. cool rooms
overlooking ocean. Gear garage. All
321 South 2seh Street, Brigantine, N. J.
Evening star., 1941-05-31

The fairy tales of Hans Christian
Andersen. Danish author, have been
translated into IS languages.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-03-28
Lovesi(k Youth
Refused Bond
In Killing

Bond for Harold Gustafson. 10.
of 1921 Kercheval avenue was
refused by Judge Joseph A. ellis
while police prepared to ask a
warrant for Gustafson in the STAY
ing of Mrs. Mary Devereaux. %,
with whom Gustafson said he was
madly in love.
Gustafson appeared before Judge
ellis on a habeas corpus writ, but
il was adjourned until tomorrow
at IL a. III. TO give police time to
finish their investigation.
Patricia Anne. 3-year-old daugh-
ter of Mrs. DevereauX, who was
badly injured when her mother
was shot in the home at 1888
Navahoe avenue. is still in Receiv-
ing Hospital. Gustafson, who in
sisted the shooting was accidental,
said he might have hit the baby
while struggling with her mother
over the gun.
Gustafson said he and Mrs.
Devereaux planned TO get married
and that he took the shotgun 10
her house only to scare her be-
cause she had been nagging him.
Mrs. Devereaux's husband. Leo
disputed his statement and said
they were happily married.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-03-28
Volunteers Asked
For Sorting Clothes

Volunteer workers TO helV in the
garment department at Red Cross
House, East jefferson avenue at
Dubois street, are needed badly,
officials of the organization said
today. Women desiring 10 voIun-
teer for sorting materials and
assembling garments are asked TO
report at the office for interviews.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-03-28
Signal Corps Arrives
AT SeIfridge Field

Mt. CLEMENS, March %
The 332nd Signal Company from
Bowman Field, Ky, today had ar
rived at Selfridge Field. where
they will be stationed perma-
nently. The unit consists of 50
enlisted men and three officers.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-03-28
Mckay Demands
Witness LIST

Counsel for Frank D. Mckay,
Republican national committee
man, accused of using the mails to
defraud. today petitioned Federal
Court for a list of the govern
ment's witnesses and declared
Henry G. ODonnell. the govern
ment prosecutor, was usurping
the functions of the court"
The petition said McKay's law
yers we're unable to obtain the
names of witnesses under subpoena
from the United States marshafs
office because O'Donnell had in
structed the marshal not TO file
the names of persons served.
Judge Arthur F. Lederle will
review the petition Monday. The
trial is scheduled for May 6.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-03-28
Oxford Bank Makes
. Final Payoff Today

Payment of $50. 900. representing
the final dividend to creditors. will
he made today by the receivers OF
the Farmers State Bank of Oxford,
r. f. Byrne. receiver, announced.
The payment will make a total re-
turn to depositors of Bis per cent.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-03-28
No suBPENA POWER

Federal Judge Frank A. Picard,
the town meeting referee, ex-
planned that he had no subpoena
power to cnnpel-Woolfolk's at
tendance. but that the city was
free 10 make whatever capital they
could out OF the gas presidents
absence.
The gas company did not at
tempt TO croSs-exarnIne Toeppen
but challenged some OF his asser-
tons through direct examination
Of Henry futile. controller of the
gas company.
futile contended that present
bond rates Of the DSR and water
system were far more than Toep-
pens estimated 3 per cent for the
proposed municipal gas system,
and pointed out that such an IN
derwritting could not be made
over a period of 30 or more years
because OF the possible exhaustion
of the nations gas reserves.
WOULD THEN USE PLANTS
When the natural gas fields are
gone, Tuttle explained the gas
company will be in a position 10
put its manufacturing plants TO
work again. while this would be
impossible under the city's plan
for junking the plants.
Nm reply 10 this Toeppen read
eport printed in government
bulletin indicating the supply OF
natural gas in the country was
practically unlimited.
In line with the testimony OF two
other city witnesses, who were
also gas engineers, Toeppen ex-
pressed the belief that a $3.50, 600
10 S1.25o.000 standby service,
using Butane gas. would be an
adequate substitute for. the COM
pany's present manufacturing
standby equipment. estimated at
between S1i.000.0O0 and $23.-
100000.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-03-28
Is Per Cent Cut
InGasRdte Seen
ByCitControI

Expert engineering testimony
that the rates of the Detroit gas
system could be cut 25 per cent
under municipal ownership today
was placed in the town meeting
record by city officials.
The statement was made by
Manfred X. Toeppen. an engineer
for the Michigan Public Utilities
Commission for IS years and now
an official of the Federal Power
Commission.
Toeppen, who testified last Sum-
mer for the city before the state
public service commission. put the
value of the useful parts OF the
Michigan Consolidated Gas Com
pany in Detroit at $46, 900, 900.
He outlined a plan under which
the city could purchase the system
at this price over a period of So
years through the issuance oil s
per cent serial bonds.
ATTENDANCE FALLING
Toeppen's testimony featured a
long dull session of town meet
ing" which has suffered from
dwindling attendance since the
City Hall was upset last week by
the council bribery scandal
The session ended with clash
between Henry A. Montgomery,
gas company attorney, and Assist
ant Corporation Counsel James H.
Lee over the city's demand that
William G. Voolfolk, gas company
president, be brought back for
cross examination.
Lee charged that Montgomery
slipped Voolfolk in at the last
town meeting" without advance
notice TO the city so that the city
= aid not be prepared to question
Montgomery explained I n a [
Voolfolk was not we'll and that
he had returned to Arizona for a
rest.
II charge Won are the front
man for Mr.. Voolfolk to protect
him from coming here" Lee
shouted.
II won't even dignity this
diatribe by replying TO H." Mont
gomery stated. Then he sat
down.