davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1941-05-02
By KATHLEEN NORRIS
tBell syndicate-wNu service.)

By KATHLEEN NORRIS
THERE is no greater phi
losophy in the world than
l. the philosophy that teaches
us to live a minute at time.
There is no surer cure for
doubt, anxiety or despair. There
is no quicker road to security
and happiness.
I say security" because of
late months we have been SUBJ
shutting that word for our old
supreme goal, happiness" We
pitifully want security. Not
wealth, titles, jewels, gaiety,
travel. The worlds bitter woes
and bitter needs have swept
away those old weak desires.
We want security now; security
for everyone. Security to have
an untroubled home, though it
be only of four rooms, and a
lamp by which to read books,
and a few beloved faces near
us. Security to 60 to church on
Sunday, to have simple food on
the table three times a day, to
teach our children what we be-
lieve of honesty and forgiveness
and brotherhood, and to launch
them simply and quietly into
simple and quiet lives of their
own.
Security for All.
We want everyone to have this;
not just Americans, not just our
friends. We want security for OBJ
scure Chinese women, pattering
along beside their muddy canals
with their open little baskets that
hold life-giving rice, and with
clean bit Of rag in which to wrap
the precious scrap Of pork. We
want security for East Indian worn-
en-, slipping through narrow streets
and jangling bazaars, pushed aside
by the arrogant cattle they hold sa-
cred, obliged to hide everything of
their beauty and youth except their
dark eyes, STOPPING eagerly to drink
the filthy sacred waters of the Gan
ges in which bodies and sewerage
float together.
We want tive women of America
are begging God each day to grant
it, to show us how to hold tive
want security for women in the Bal
kans, in the jungles of Africa, in
the hungry oppressed countries of
northern Europe, in the poorest
slums of the great cities. Just Sc
curity! No matter on what humble
terms, no matter how plainly, but
let us feel safe!
It may be very low roof, plat
ter of macaroni, bowl of potage,
dish of Irish boiled potatoes, it may
be the goulash of Hungary, the
bortsch of Russia, the rice of the
Orient nothing more. But after this
war, with its fears piled upon fears,
is over, let us begin to spread hum
BILE peace, humble plenty in every
town and village and crossroads
hamlet of the world, and let us glad
ly sacrifice half of what we have,
two-thirds Of what we have, for the
divine knowledge that want and hate
and fear are lessened in this world,
and that fear and war have gone
with them.
Remedy for Worries.
Things aren't going, in these days,
the way many of us would have
them go. Some of us feel that a
very little spent upon peace depart
ments would pay us better than a
great deal spent upon war. But if
you feel dissatisfied, if you feel rest
less and fearful, confused by conflict
ing arguments and assertions, I'M
able to believe all the badness that
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1941-05-02
SECURITY

We tUanf security nOtO: security for
everyone an unfr0ubled home,
church on Sunday, simple food to eat,
schools for our children It's true,
isn't it.? And to discover hoso to obtain
this security, read Kathleen Norris up
t0-date article.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1941-05-02
W. N. u Service

thought II was Trumbull plane. He told
them Trumbull had sent Eric. the Red. for
dirty work. Eric. the Red. had annoyed
Carol on several occasions and threatened
her. A -k
The menace Of Red seemed still present.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1941-05-02
. , 4, lamp l. n VALLEY IL!
BY, ARTHUR STRIN0ER

Three women love Sidney Lander. Alaska
mining engineer. He Is engaged to Barbara
Trumbull. whose rich father IL contesting
the mining claim of Carol Coburn. teacher
at Matanuska. Lander breaks with Trum.
bull. salaria Bryson. q big outdoor girl.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1941-05-02
THE STORY so FAR

also loves Lander. She disappears. Lander
finds Salaria. Barbara misinterprets the
rescue and filings away her engagement
ring. Lander and Carol fly to Chakitana.
scene Of her claim. Someone shoots at the
plane. It was Sock-Eye. q friend. He
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-02-02

to freedom: Once the slave reached that spot he
would be directed to the next fed hidden and
passed on until he reached safety.
Ever read Uncle Toms Cabin" Well the
story of Eliza crossing the ice actually happened.
1t happened to woman slave who chased by
bloodhounds across the river at Ripley so miles
above Cincinnati Sometimes at night, farmer
near the Ohio River would be awakened by the
boot of an owl That would mean that group
of fugtives was waiting to be carried across the
river. There were secret signs and passwords.
For by the Fugitive Slave Act anyone helping
slave to escape was liable to fine of $1,000,
and six months in Jail
Abolitionists kept secret rooms in their houses.
One place had a hollow in the woodpile. One
party got out in wagon of straw, another in
line of funeral coaches. Some were consigned in
boxes over the railroads. Some went by sea to
Halifax a Captain Walker caught by the
slavers and branded on the face with the letters
SIS (save stealer).
tell you those people who helped the run
Always ran plenty risks. Thompson, an English
man, was kidnapped from Abolitionist State and
served three and half years in Mississippi Jail
for slave stealing Northerners suspected of anti
slavery sympathies stripped and flogged by
vigilance committees
When the Civil War started President Lincoln
said that if he could save the Union without free
ing a single slave, he would do it. Bet most of
you didn't know that The real reason for the Civil
War wasn't slavery at all That just came later
as, hawgwash to cover the truth. The Civil War
was just ABOUT TWO lHIlSS-oIdleS TNlSHlS VI reu-
eral Government.
In border states United States troops were
employed to catch runaways, and round Richmond
and Vicksburg the Notifications were built by
slaves. So you see when they tried to free slaves
they had more trouble than they had getting them.
Many people believed that free Africans were
a danger to the country. Even Lincoln recon-
mended that they emigrate.
And that the cause for Freetown, Sierra
Leone. Liberia Librevle in the French Gabon
and oil rlap Hrbp fha cla alyp from
their African villages. were returned to them, only
to find themselves just foreign to their own
lands their masters would have been. great
many of them returned to slavery even in their
own country; they were captured by savages and
ended their lives the way they had begun them,
as slaves.
The best known port in Africa to which the
freed slaves were returned was in Liberia. In 1921
it was decided to return them. and the first group
of Sc men, women and children left New York in
the ship Elizabeth for Sierra Leone. They were
landed on Sherbro Island, just below Freetown,
capital of the British Colony.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-02-02

clothes. We toys EN- up like that to sell better.
Them suits and dresses has to do duty for hum
dreds before we get new
II was in New Orleans that my grandfather
into a man who was making lot OF money
out of the slave business. He called it running
cargoes." Wanted my grandfather to go shares
with him. He used to hang about the plantations
and coax the slaves to escape.
"Il fix it for you 70 get free" he'd tell them.
"Then well go away and I'll sell you again to
kind master Well make $500 profit and you'll
get half What dye say?'
He got a lot Of slaves that way. Poor devils
who were unhappy, or rascals who saw the chance
to make bit. But they sent posses after them
and eventually this man. his name was Barnes or
something like that, hanged for killing two
Negroes he'd made away with to save himself
from trouble when the posse got too near.
Some of the slaves got the rawest deals ever
heard of.
There was man named Elisha Brazeale in
jefferson County Mississippi, who was taken very
i'll. He was looked after by mulatto slave. She
guarded him so carefully, nursing him day and
night, that he felt he owed his life to her. When
he got well he wanted to do something for the girl
so he sent her to Ohio, which was free state,
where Negroes could be educated, for schooling.
On his next visit he made out deed for her eman-
cipation had it recorded in Ohio and Mississippi,
and married her
They returned to Mississippi and few years
later had child boy Now the mother was de-
died leaving will in which the deed of emanci-
patton was repeated declared his intention Of
ratifying it. acknowledged the boy to be his son
and left him all his property.
Some distant relations in North Carolina
claimed his property and started a suit The hear
ing was before Judge Sharkey who: declared the
act of emancipation an offense against morality,
and pernicious and detestable as an example. He
set aside the will gave the property to the rela-
tives condemned Brazealles widow and son again
m nd mad prODprtV
North Carolinians as part of Brazealle's estate!
Ever hear of the Underground Railway? That
was the way they helped runaway slaves to escape
to the North. In Canada they had told the aboli-
tionists that Africans would be welcomed and pro-
tected against slave hunters. But the difficulty
was to get them there
Aboltionist agents travelled the South talking
of various means of getting to freedom. 1t wasn't
safe TO talk direct to the slaves. That would have
meant flogging perhaps even lynching by the
slave owners But the agents would talk of the
north star and then mention in the hearing of
slave the address of the first station in the journey
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-02-02

tobacco and cotton and SO on began to get worked
out that trouble came. When the plantation
owners got hard up or bankrupt they had to sell
their slaves
always thought they were part of their homes
but when mothers and kids were parted, hus-
bands taken from their families, the true misery
of slavery was felt. Newspapers carried adver-
tisementS like this:
"Mr William Harker of Dorchester Mary
land informs the shareholders of the county
that he is again in the market and that per
sons having slaves for life to dispose of, will
find he gives the highest prices
The Nashville Gazette Of October %, 1852,
published this
For Sale-Several likely girls from ten
to eighteen years old, woman, twenty-four,
very valuable woman, twenty-five years old,
IA 18th three very likely children
z During the Summer and Fall traders used to
buy up slaves at low prices trim, shave and wash
them, fatten them they'd look sleek and sell
them at high profits
My old grandfather, he'd been all the
country, told me once of slave market he looked
at in New Orleans. 1t was in big go-down or
shed with placards outside telling of the Negroes
to be sold.
Inside were several benches on which the slaves
were sitting while three dealers were at a desk
on raised platform getting ready for the auction.
| 1t was just like fair, my grandfather told me,
! one of the men went outside and started ringing
ia bell. Then the slaves were marched outside and
stood women on one side of the door and men on
the other side.
What surprised my grandfather was that the
slaves dressed up in the latest fashions. The
men wore black suits and high silk hats. They
' Hooked mighty funny especially as their shoes
didn't fit and they rubbed their feet but grinned
pleased as punch to be dressed up.
The women had wide dresses on and great
feathered hats. They kept looking at them and
leach other. You could tell they weren't used to
such clothes because every and then they'd
lift their dresses to show each other their under
clothes. They all seemed mighty pleased with
themselves.
The auctoneer came out and began to shout
about the slaves. They were from plantation in
the Caronas, he said, and healthy field hands
and house servants One of the women. a young
girl, was grinning at the men and twitchng her
hips; she fetched a good price and went away
with a yeow-faced longmoustached man with
>Iery eyes. Some of the men could talk English
M were shouting to the crowd asking to be
bought, telling how strong they were and how
well they could plough and handle mules. They
fetched prices from $500 to $500, each the women
were cheaper except the grinning gal, she went
for $3.50.
My grandfather saw that when the men and
pther women went away they didn't have the fine
clothes they were dressed in. He asked one of the
dealers about it.
why, no. said the man. "They amt their
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-02-02

ana LneyQ got out OF practce Tor the African
bush. Indeed, many of them had been born in
America and knew nothing of the savage country
that now surrounded them. Savages crept into
their camps and murdered them. 1t was the rainy
season and inside three weeks over a quarter of
them were dead.
A Doctor Ayres bought strip of coast 100
miles long by 40 deep from a native chief for
load of trade trinkets and that was the beginning
of the Negro Commonwealth Liberia. There were
a couple Of mud flats off the coast which they
called Perseverance Islands. There were no saw
ages on the islands and the freed men started to
settle there. The fever began to kill them steadily
day after day and many were for leaving. But
Negro, Elijah Johnson of New York begged them
to give it fair trial.
Better corpses in our own country than freed
men in the United States" he said.
Many left just the same, but few stayed
with him, and they were the founders of the Com
monwealth.
1t wasn't long before they built houses on the
mainland planted crops and announced the name
of their capital, Monrovia named after President
Monroe. They even issued paper money; each bill
had for it's design picture of what it would buy;
a pig, for instance, or a head of tobacco or a bag
of rice
Even now in Liberia many houses are exact
models of the New England frame houses, and
that's the only part of the tropics you'll see them
l know, because I've been there.
The descendants of those slaves are still the
aristocracy of Liberia. But as slaves they had
learned bad lesson
In 1901 IL became hHOWu THAT LlDeIld Was d
hotbed of slavery they selling slaves for the
plantations of Fernando Pc, Spanish island in
the Blight of Benin. The president of the Negro
republic, Charles King, and the president, A.
w. Yancy resigned when Mr.. Secretary Stmson
demanded that "the traffic in human flesh be
stopped"
When I was there heard some up-country
people singing this song:
1--WE were here when trouble came to our people
For this trouble Jeh was imprisoned and fined.
For this reason Yancy came to our country
He caught our husbands and our brothers
Sail them to Mana Poo Fernando POI
And there they die and there they die.
"Tell us Yancy, why? Yancy, why?
Wedabo women have no husbands. Yancy, why?
Wedabo women have no brothers. Yancy, why?
Mothers, fathers, sons have died
Waiting for their return. Yancy, why?"
That was the song they sang, and it sounded
like old time spiritual. l tell you it made me
feel funny. l guess the Wedabo people were the
ones from whom they took the slaves. don't think
I'd like to have had Yancy's conscience.
l haven't got much room to talk though; I
Continued on Page 14
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-02-02

Continued on Page 14
Evening star., 1941-01-03
BY DEVON FRANCIS.


NEW YORK, Jan. 3.-When Ros-
coe Turner, the elder statesman of
American air racing, won the big
money Thompson Trophy event at
Cleveland in 1888 by running his
1,200-h horsepower engine wide open
for solid hour, he helped peg
American aircraft power plants as
the worlds best.
Flushed, tired and more than
$4,000 richer for his hours toll. big
Roscoe TAXED his silver monoplane
to the line and cut the switches.
Wide open, all the way" he an
nounced, amazed.
Forthwith, mechanics tore down
the engine to see what had happened
to it. Airplane enginess we're not
meant to take that punishment. Its
interior looked almost as good as
the day it came off the factory pro-
duction line.
Criticism of American warplanes,
in comparison with those of Ger
many and England cannot be made
On the counts of speed or engine de-
pendability.
Production Rate Criticized.
Criticism can be more Justly lev
eled at our engine production. That
is both Americas strength and
weakness in the race for air rearma-
ment. We have the worlds best
radial, air-cooled plane engines, but
our current production will equip
only 600 to TOO combat planes
month.
Evening star., 1941-01-03

to approach American engines In
dependability and power output.
The two leading radial engine
manufacturers, the Pratt & Whit
ney division of the United Aircraft
Corp. and the Wright Aeronautical
Co. (the latter a subsidiary of the
Curtiss- Wright Corp), are turning
out engines of greater horsepower
than any engines in production
abroad.
1t is a Pratt g. Whitney engine,
rated at 1850 horsepower, which
carries along the new Navy Vought-
Sikorsky shipboard fighter at more
than 400 miles an hour at o9timum
altitude. That is top, not a cruis-
ing, speed. The same engine with
slight alterations is being rerated
for a 1000 horsepower output.
Weight Is Light.
Improved Wright engines, rated
at 1850 horsepower, are speeding
the longer range Pan-American
Anyways Clippers across the Allan
tic. Wright, too, has engines in the
1000 0-horsepower class.
None of the new American air.
craft power plants weigh much more
than a pound for each horsepower
they develop.
Engines of 1000 horsepower are
known to be in the experimental
stage abroad, but they are of the
heavier V-shaped, liquid-cooled, in
line type.
Much has been said in recent
months, beginning with a statement
by Secretary Morgenthau of the
Treasury Department last winter,
about the potential engine bottle
neck" Airlines with engines on
order were, in fact, asked to release
them to the Army Air Corps.
Continuance of the bottleneck will
depend in part on the Air Corps
engine procurement policy, the de-
mandS of Great Britain and on
how fast this country can overcome
serious handicaps in liquid-cooled
engine manufacture. For the last
two years the Air Corps has favored
equipping its pursuit planes with in
line liquid-cooled engines, arguing
that they could be better stream
lined than planes with air-cooled
radial engines. Radials are star
shaped, with larger frontal areas.
Radial Type Navy's Standard.
For years the Navy has accepted
the radial as its standard power
plant.
The United States is at the tag
end of the parade on aircraft in
line engine development.
Our only large in-line engine is
Evening star., 1941-01-03
New u. S. Planes Top
Speed of Nozis'
Record
Nv the Associated Press

By the Associated Press.
NEW YORK. Jan. 3-Pub-
lished airplane speeds often are
subject to sharp discount so far
as their use in military work is
concerned.
The worlds absolute speed
record, achieved over a three
kilometer course last year, is
1892 miles an hour. 1t is held
by a German plane from which
the current MeSserSchmitt
"109" fighter was developed.
The fighters top speed is about
800 miles an hour, not as fast
as some new American types.
The difference is accounted
for in the fighters greater load
in armament and fuel for longer
range, and in the lesser degree
of perfection in a production"
plane as compared with a spe-
cially-built racer.
Evening star., 1941-01-03
| AirIiner Hostess
Buys Lonesome
General Cake
The general looked lonesome.

The general looked lonesome.
That's the reason Joy Wadlelgh,
PENNSYLVANIA Central Airlines host
ess, gave today for buying him a
birthday cake, complete with pink
icing, with her own money.
1t happened New Year Day, but
nobody heard about it until last
night when crew member on the
"birthday plane" mentioned 1t at
the airport.
Miss Wadleigh, only seven weeks
with the airline, was hostess on a
Norfolk-bound plane when one of
the passengers, Brig. Gen. Samuel T.
Ansell. former Judge advocate gen.
eral of the Army, told her it was his
66th birthday anniversary. The re-
tired general was on his way home,
to Currituck County. N. G.
When Miss Wadleigh got back to
Washington she went to restau-
rant, ordered a birthday cake and
took it along on the evening trip to
Norfolk. When the general boarded
the plane to return to Washington,
Miss Wadleigh set the cake in front
of him. He blew out the single can
die, the passengers and crew sang
Happy Birthday" and the general
wasn't lonesome any more.
Evening star., 1941-01-03
the Allison, with a rating of 1,o90

the Allison, with a rating of 1,0o0
horsepower.
In-line engine production is still
only a few hundred units a month,
though the General Motors Corp,
parent company of the concern
manufacturing AlliSonS, announced
recently 1000 engines a month
would come off the line by Novem-
ber, 1941
The reason the British are in
such dire need of American engines
with high horsepower output is that
in two lightning campaigns the
Germans destroyed existing and po-
tential bases from which the Brit
ish could bomb effectively with their
standard, short-range, medium
weight planes.
When the Germans seized Nor
way and conquered the Low Coun-
tries and France they forced the
British to base all their lombard
ment planes in England.
U. S. Needs Are Different.
The designs for British planes
had not been drawn with that con-
tingency in view. Today they must
have American planes of great pow
er, range and bomb-carrying ca
pacity, such as the Consolidated
'24" and the later, faster versions
of the Boeing at"
Both types, four engined, were de-
veloped specifically for the peculiar
problems of American defense. Our
bombers have lengthy coast lines, a
vast continent and outlying posses
sions to protect.
Once the problem of British needs
is reconciled satisfactorily with
American needs in air armament,
the breaking of the engine bottle
neck will depend on the accelerated
production of high-poWered air.
cooled engines and the further de-
velopment and production of liquid
cooled types.
Great Britain is using liquid
cooled Rolls-Royce engines in it's
Hurricanes and Spitfres, which in
design are at least five years old
On both British and United States
Army Air Corps contracts we now
propose to duplicate that engine in
American factories.
New Facts Brought Out.
How advisable that is it will re-
main for history to judge. Some
peculiar facts about airplane speeds
and engine types are emerging from
engineers arguments, fostered by
the demands of the Air Corps for
more efficient airplanes.
The National Advisory Committee
for Aeronautics discovered in wind
tunnel tests that the drag" of
radial engines equipped with barrel
like coverings called cowlingS in
Evening star., 1941-01-03
William Allen White
Drops Active Role
OF Aiding the Allies
Emporiu Editor Suggests
'High-Visioned Young
Man. Succeed Him
q, the Associated Press.

EMPORIA, Kans., Jan. 3.-Wll-
liam Allen White, who stepped out
side his role of country editor to
organize the Committee to Deteno
America by Aiding the Allies, has
taken up his blue pencil again with
the suggestion that some strong
high-visioned young man" succeed
him as committee chairman.
The publisher of the Emporia
Gazette resigned active chairman
ship yesterday and New York head
quarters accepted with the great
est reluctance" The Executive
Committee will meet Tuesday tc
name a successor.
Remains on Executive Committee.
Mr.. White will be honorary chair
man and a member OF the Execu-
tive Committee of the group which
he organized last May and which
has received s225000 in small gifts
from $1,000 contributors.
His resignation followed disagree
ment among members and wide
spread discussion of committee aims
A recent statement by Mr.. White
that his only reason for committee
membership was ito keep this coun-
try out of war" brought from Mayor
FiorelIo H. La Guardia Of New
York an assertion the Emporlan
had done a typical Laval"
Resigning, Mr.. White said "the
need for hard concentrated intel