davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1941-12-25
BY GOULD LINCOLN.

The United States and Great
Britain are finally bound close
together for the long pull. Most
significant of this bond is the
presence here on Christmas Day
of the British Prime Minister,
Winston Churchill. And most
significant is the fact that Mr..
Churchill can still cross the
Atlantic Ocean to confer with
President Roosevelt on the STRAIT
egy which is to be developed to
carry this war to a successful
conclusion. The Atlantic Ocean,
despite the activities of NaZi and
Italian submarines and aircraft,
Is dominated today by the Brit
ish and American fleets. 1t is
in the Atlantic Ocean-even more
than in the Pacific-that this
war is ultimately to be decided.
America is just beginning to
fight. AS speedily as possible
this country will swing its full
force into the conflict. 1t may
take months. But what must be
apparent Is that this country
will gain constantly in strength
not lose.
The executive heads of the
two great English speaking ma
tions at a press conference in the
White House on Tuesday sat
side by side and submitted to a
barrage of questions from 200
newspaper correspondents. There
radiated from both a confidence
in the ultimate victorious out
come Of the war. From them
came the opinion that the ma
tions fighting the Axis powers
must rely upon definite knock
out blows-that there must not
be wishful thinking of an inter-
nal blowup in Nazi Germany, in
Japan or in Italy. If any such
thing happens, If the morale OF
the enemy says or breaks, 1t will
be windfall thankfully &C
cepted-but 1t is not to be count
ed on at this stage in the war.
Awakening in Sight.
The American people as .
whole, despite the huge appropri-
ations made by Congress and the
efforts to transform this country
into an arsenal for the opponents
of the Axis powers, have only
begun to wake up to the magni-
tude of the task before them. A
hopeful sign that full awaken
ing is in sight was the agreement
entered into by representatives
of labor and Of management that
there shall be no more stoppages
of work in national defense in
dustries. Upon the spirit and the
letter with which this agreement
is carried out a great deal will
depend. If certain labor leaders
are determined to use the pres
ent emergency situation to gain
their ends, it may go i'll with the
country, but in the end it will
go much more i'll with these
leaders. In a letter to the con-
ference, approving the general
points of agreement, the Presi-
dent said: II have full faith that
no group in our national life will
take undue advantage while we
Evening star., 1941-12-25
Luzon in Dire Need of Planes
Relief of Garrison Certain Once Fleet
And Air Force Arrive via Southern Route

exists in this area, with proper air
support, it can give support to COW
ering forces on the Lingayen Gulf
and to outposts in other parts OF
the island as may be necessary.
The Japanese are now attempting
to take Manila IN the grip OF a
pincers movement by landing forces
to the southeastward at Atimonan,
but the country through which they
must pass to reach Manila Is ex-
traordinarily difficult. 1t may be as
sumed that the purpose of this new
landing is to prevent Gen. Douglas
Macarthur from concentrating all
his strength against the main land
ing on the Gulf OF Lngayen. The
other japanese landings are at
Aparri at the mouth of the Cagayen
River in the extreme north. at
Vigan on the west coast north OF
the Lingayen Gulf and at Legaspl
in the extreme southeast OF the
island. The purpose of these land
ines is probably to gain sufficient
ground for the establishment OF air
bases, especially for fighter aircraft.
Delaying Action Vital.
In view of the fact that, reading
between the lines Of the communt-
cues, it seems evident that the ac-
tiyitv and effectiveness of American
bombing attacks on the landing
forces is diminishing, there is some
likelihood that the japanese have
been successful in giving fighter
protection to their troops and
ships.
Obviously, therefore, the first sort
Of reinforcement which Luzon needs
is aircraft-both fighters and bomb
ers. The limited number OF aircraft
available In the island has already
been diminished by unavoidable
losses and more planes, great many
more. must be urgently needed.
There can be, Of course, no doubt
that every effort is being bent to see
to 1t that these needs are filled.
The problem Of the defense OF
Luzon thus divides itself into two
parts - a delaying action by the
forces already there with the means
Immediately available, and the re-
enforcement Of the garrison at the
earliest possible moment by sufficient
numbers Of aircraft to enable them
to hold their own until the whole
strategic picture can be changed by
the establishment Of Allied COM
mand Of the sea in Far Eastern
waters.
Gen. Macarthur and his men, both
American and Filipino, are doing
their part gallantly and with a sur
prising degree Of success.
Davao Thrust Strategic.
AS to their reinforcement, It
must be admitted that the Japanese
position in their Mandated Islands,
strengthened by the fall Of Guam
and Wake, threatens If 1t does not
block direct access from the United
Evening star., 1941-12-25
This Changing World
Philippines Fate Hangs by Thin Thread;
U. S. Fleet Lying Low Until PIones Arrive

Far East. The losses they have
sustained SO far are officially
attributed to coast artillery fire
and the air force.
But 1t is hardly fair to criticize
the Navy for its apparent mac
ton. The United States has two
very able admirals in the Far
East-Thomas C. Hart and Will
liam A. Glassford. Both know
their jobs thoroughly. Admiral
Hart has been commander Of the
Asiatic Fleet for the last three
years and, being realist, has
made a comprehensive study of
how best to use the limited force
at his command.
Planning Surprise Move.
Admiral Glassford is an ener-
getic commander who was in
charge of the China patrol until
the war broke out. He knows
the Japs as we'll as his chief,
Admiral Hart, does. No one
doubts that these two men, work.
ing together, will use the ships
at their disposal to best ad-
vantage.
If we have not heard yet Of
any action by them, it is for
good reason. They may either
be holding of for some quick
stroke when the Japs least expect
1t or they may be withholding
their men-of-war from action
until they have sufficient air
power to meet the Japanese with
a fighting chance of success.
The experience Of the British
battleship Prince of Wales and
battle cruiser Repulse was a sad
demonstration Of how helpless
modern naval units can be If
they lack the cover of heavy air
patrols when they attempt to
interfere with enemy landings.
The submarine force under
Admiral Hart also has been lying
low. 1t Is permissible to specu-
late that the undersea craft will
60 into action at a time when
the Japanese will feel 1t most.
But meanwhile, there is little
hope that the Philippines can
hold out indefinitely.
The Japanese appear to be
pouring ashore through inlets
which permit their fiat-bottomed
steel barges to operate. They
meet the brave resistance of
Filipino and American forces,
but 1t must be remembered that
no reinforcements, whether men,
tanks, artillery or ammunition,
can be rushed to replenish Gen.
MacArthurs lost equipment in
time to save the Philippines.
Evening star., 1941-12-25

GU tilCu AilC Va !NsJ W. HIeiuhS hho''
communications. Indeed, Luzons S
chief strategic importance at the
moment is that it stands squarely
between Japan and her objectives
in the South China Sea. Thus, if
superior naval and air forces were
brought to bear against the Japa-
nese in the South China Sea while
Luzon still held out in their rear,
a complete disaster might result;
whereas If they held Luzon, they
might be able to develop a much
stronger offensive effort to the
southwark, or if necessary cover a
withdrawal and remain in a much
stronger position as regards South
China and Indo-China.
The island of Luzon is for the
most part extremely mountainous
and its communications are diff
cult. 1t has two major open val
leySthe broad stretch Of lowland
extending from Manila Bay north
ward to the Lingayen Gulf, and the
valley Of the Cagayen River in the
extreme north. The Japanese are
making their major thrust on the
Lingayen Gulf with the obvious in
tention Of getting hold Of the rail-
way and the northern end Of the
road net which links the Lingayen
area with Manila. The plans for
the defense Of Luzon have long been
based on Just such an enemy move,
as 1t is the obvious and indeed al
most the only means by which
large forces can be landed and ad-
vance on Manila.
Terrain Is Difficult.
The central position of Manila Is
one OF unique defensive strength.
The mouth Of Manila Bay is COM
manded by the formidable fortress
Of Corregidor, denying all access to
the bay to enemy warcraft and
transports. Manila, itself, stands on
a narrow neck Of land between
Manila Bay and the large inland
body Of water known as Laguna de
Bay. Manila here controls all means
OF passage north and south through
the island, both by road and rail.
So long as strong central force
Evening star., 1941-12-25
By CONSTANTINE BROWN.


II the courage, abnegation and
fighting spirit Of our sea, land
and air forces had been COM
bined with the foresight and
thorough preparation of our
enemies, the United States could
defeat the Axis powers in one
sweep.
But, unfortunately, in order to
placate honest visionaries in this
country who believed as recently
as December 7 that good will
and lofty idealism could prevail
even among the modern robber
barons, we did not prepare to
meet the fierce and fanatical on
slaughts Of our enemies. And for
that matter, we aren't ready yet.
The Philippine saga together
with the heroic defense of Wake
Island by a handful of Marines,
who put up glorious last-stand
fight, will remain forever in the
history of the American people.
The fate Of the Philippines
hangs by a very thin thread.
Gen. Douglas Macarthur has a
considerable force-both Ameri-
can and Filipino-which is fight
ing desperately. The Far Eastern
Army is definitely outnumbered
in the air, and although its anti
aircraft batteries are mod
ern, past experience has shown
that these artillery units can
seldom do more than inflict slight
damage on attacking air squad
rons.
Only Effective Weapon.
The only effective weapon
against an enemy air force is the
interceptor and pursuit planes.
When the war started Gen. Mac
Arthur had only a limited force
of these; whether more have
been sent to him is not revealed.
But considering that the British
and Dutch are fighting for their
lives in the Malay Peninsula, 1t
is questionable that they would
be able to give any effective
assistance to the Philippine gar
rison.
Pursuit and interceptor planes
Of course cannot fly from the
Pacific Coast of the United
States to the Philippines; the
distance is far beyond their
range. They will have to be sent
some other way, If they are sent
out at all.
1t appears that the Japanese
are in position to land wherever
they choose in the Philippines,
practically without interference
from the American Fleet in the
Evening star., 1941-12-25

a period coinci-
d n t with q
slackening of the
j a p a n e S e Of
fensive IN Ma
laya, may sug-
gest tn t t h e
japanese h av e
discovered that
they cannot sue
cessfully prose-
cute distant en-
terprises such as
the latter until
they have clear
As
Evening star., 1941-12-25
The Political Mill
Lobor's No Strike Pact Is Hopeful Sign
U. S. Is Awoking to Magnitude Of War Task

are 1aceQ Dy common encmleS.
It remains for both labor and
management to live up to this
belief of the President.
The great accomplishment of
this conference of labor and
management-if this agreement
sticks-will be the final ending
of the work stoppages which
have interfered with the produc-
ton Of arms and all necessary
supplies for the armed forces. 1t
is obvious that a voluntary spirit
of cooperation to this end will
accomplish better results and
speed production more effectively
than coercion by law. Neverthe-
less, II labor undertakes to use
bludgeon to make a closed shop
of American industry-in which
no man or woman may work
without becoming member OF
a labor union whether he or she
wishes to or not, there is likely
to be trouble ahead. II Govern
ment, through appointed boards,
at the instigation of organized
labor, or to purchase the political
support of labor. undertakes to
place the closed shop collar upon
the country, there will be dis
unity-when unity is the great
essential.
Dakar Must Be Watched.
Behind the military and naval
strategy in this war lies the
productive capacity Of the Ma
ton. The weapons Of modern
war are complicated. 1t Is just
as true today as it was in the
days of Napoleon that victory
leans to the side with the great
est guns. This is something that
the industrial workers and man.
agement can take care Of. The
strategy of war rests with the
President and the Prime Minister
and their advisers. 1t must take
in all theaters Of the conflict
which now stretches completely
around the world.
The Western Hemisphere. how.
ever, has been considered partic-
ularly the job Of the United
States. If there is to be hemi-
spherical defense, the Allies must
see to it that the Axis powers do
not gain control Of the western
coast Of Africa-of Dakar. for
example. This doubtless Is one
OF the problems to which the
President and the Prime Minis
ter are turning their attention
today. In the hands Of the Axis
powers, this African coast i'm
mediately becomes q threat IN
the South Atlantic. 1t not only
gives a springboard' from which
attacks may be made in South
America, but it interrupts a line
of supply of great importance.
supplies to the East and to Rus
STA and China.
The conflict in the Pacific has
thrust the war into American
consciousness at last. Hard and
grim work and hard and grim
facts will face the American peo-
pie before another Christmas
Day rolls around. Today, how
ever, We can be thankful that We
are beginning the job with the
people united.
Evening star., 1941-12-25
land, Russia, Turkey, Uruguay, Ven-

land, Russia, Turkey, Uruguay, Ven-
ezuela and Yugoslavia.
Reviewing the state of lease-lend
agreements, the President said Rus
sia had agreed to pay 'in dollars
or in materials over a 10-year Pc
riod to begin five years after the
war is over" and the Netherlands
were paying us in advance dollar
for dollar of the articles we are
supplying them" Beyond this the
report disclosed no concrete prom
Use of reimbursement.
With the United States now a
-fedged war participant, it is
safe conjecture that our supplies
will be thrown into common pool,
to be used wherever and whenever
Evening star., 1941-12-25
0. P. N. Frees Materials
For Partly Built Homes

BY the Associated Press.
The Office of Production Man.
agement issued special defense
preference rating yesterday enabling
builders to obtain materials neces-
sary to complete privately financed
homes for which foundations were
in place October 9.
o. P. M. officials said the required
application forms would be dis
tributed to field offices as rapidly
as possible.
Builders Of residential projects.
other than hotels, able to qualify
under the October restriction may
apply for the rating through local
offices Of the Federal Housing Ad-
ministration.
Evening star., 1941-12-25
Mexican Growers
Boost Garlic Crop

Shipments Of garlic from Europe
to the United States having been
stopped, Mexican garlic growers are
expanding the acreage devoted to the
plant. Garlic acreage in 1941 was
40 per cent greater than that of
1910 and Mexico City estimates indi-
cate the 1941 crop weighed nearly
5000 tons.
Evening star., 1941-12-25

complete elm
ination of "lease-
lend" in the
sense that this
was a system of
paying for or
p aging back
ar materials
shipped from the
Omitted States to
Tar corners OF
The world.
The ideal now
being sought for
Is a pooling OF
Evening star., 1941-12-25
British PIone Torpedoes
Enemy Tanker Off Spain
NV the Axsnriated prasr

BY the Associated Press.
LONDON, Dec. 25.-The Air Min
istry announced today that Beau
fort aircraft of the coastal COM
mand torpedoed large enemy fleet
auxiliary of the north coast Of
Spain yesterday.
This tanker" the communiqus
said, "had been continuously pur-
sued and attacked by aircraft Of
the coastal command for over 20
hognAs
Evening star., 1941-12-25

ward reaches sufficient proportions
to threaten the Japanese lines of
communications and to throw air
reinforcements into the central posi-
ton which Gen. Macarthur is now
defending. This is undoubtedly the
real explanation of the japanese de-
scent upon Davao. They would like
to establish a base there for a de-
laying force covering their opera
tions in Luzon in order to gain time
for complete success.
l (Copyrisht, 1871. New York Tribune. Inc J
Evening star., 1941-12-25

States and Hawaii to Luzon 1t will.
however, be difficult for the jap
anese to interrupt communications
by the long southern route to Aus
tralia and thence to the Netherlands
Indies, and once air forces, backed
by sea forces, start moving in from
this direction, the reinforcement and
eventual relief of Luzon becomes
certain.
The Japanese must. therefore, take
Luzon Gf they are to take it at alb
before the Allied power to the south
Evening star., 1941-12-25

W Or k ! n g o n
Christmas Day.
While every
body else is try
ing out new
skates, looking
for price tags ON
their gifts, or
beating a path
to the eggnog
bowl. 1t isn't
much fun to
have to tuck
yourself away in
a room with an
,,F.a-lI, s,,xz
Evening star., 1941-12-25

they seem likely to contribute most
to defeat Of the enemy nations.
CReleased b. the North American
Newspapse Alliance, me.)
Evening star., 1941-12-25
Pooling Plan
|MoySuppIont
|Leuse-Lend
Resources of All
Axis Foes to Go
To Common Cause
BY JAY G.. HAYDEN.

One certain result of inter allied
conferences, initiated by President
Roosevelt and Prime Minister
Churchill, is radical revision if not
Evening star., 1941-12-25

HE opinions OF the 0riters this page their not
necessarily The Stars Such opinions presented in The
effort gve all sides of questions OF interest to its
readers although such opinions may be contradictory among
themselves and directly opposed to The Stars.
Evening star., 1941-12-25
McLemore-
Christmas Columns
Must Be Different
By HENRY McLEMORE.

BY HENRY McLEMORE.
A Christmas column Is always
very difficult to write.
To start with, there isn't a
columnist who doesn't begrudge
Evening star., 1941-12-25
By Mai GEORGE FIELDING
ELIOT.

The Japanese are now engaged
in a major attack on the island
of Luzon. This attack, coming at
Evening star., 1941-12-21
0ne-Day Golf Events
Urged # Big Tests
Are Called Off

DR.. A. Thomas Utz, president-to-
be Of the District Golf Association.
fully aware that the delegates to
the annual association meeting in
February may decide to call off
championship Journeys next year,
favors more affairs of the one-day
brand. This is the time" says
DR.. Utz. "tor increase the number of
our tournaments for the average
golfer, instead of decreasing them"
He would have the local association
stage a number of one-day events,
with Defense bonds and stamps as
prizes. The whole course of many
golf affairs, at least for next year,
will follow action of the United
States Golf Association January 10.
But right now the solons have in
mind calling of most major tour
neyS next year.
Chevy Chase staged the tourna-
ments for the Taft and Sherman
trophies in 1917 and 1918, the two
years Of the last World War. Co.
lumbia held its invitation tourney
for the Wardman trophy in 1917 as
a Red Cross patriotic affair, and
Cancelled the 1918 tourney, resum-
ing in 1919.
Evening star., 1941-12-21
Husband Of Golf Star
Seeks Membership
AT Congressional

Congressional Country Club Is
going to have the anomaly of fem
mime golf professional member who
happens to be one of the top links
women of the world
Whitney Harb, husband of Helen
Hicks Harb, has applied for men,
bership at Congressional. On &C
ceptance Mrs. Harb automatically
will become a member of the club.
Mr.. Harb, who is good golfer, halls
from Arkansas and now is with the
Office of Production Management.
Mrs Harb, Of course, will not
compete for the club championship
or in the amateur women's tourna-
ments around Washington, but she
will play in exhibition matches
around town. She has played Con-
gressional in 78. and undoubtedly
will score around mems par next
summer. She is as long hitter
from the tee as the average man
and plays all shots with the skill OF
a good professional golfer.
Evening star., 1941-12-21
Most of Linksmen Underclub,
Ayers Witty Cox, Wise Pro
Hit Short Because They Use Stick Requiring
AII-Too-SeIdom Perfect Shot, He Soys

Here's point which most people
overlook. They should take club
which to them seems far too strong
for the job and hit a controlled
shot, or a half shot right up to
the pin. Take a No. iron for a
shot which you'd usually play with
q No. 5. Take a No. for a shot
you'd pitch with a No. 7 in the
summer, and hit it easier. Try to
hit the ball past the pin.
You get better control and hit
that ball straighter with a half
swing or a controlled shot than you
do by slugging with club having
more loft. I can sum it up in few
words: Take a longer club and hit
easier, and try to get past the pin.
I never have found any more trouble
behind the green than in front of
it. And that way I get more puts
for brides than by being short" !"
True and potent words, Doctor
Cox. If the experts and buffers
heed them, which they probably
won't, thereu be q lot of better
scoring around Washington, and
maybe lot Of new flagsticks neces-
sary. They might be knocking the
stick out Of the hole And who ever
found ten-foot putt from behind
the hole harder than one in front?
Evening star., 1941-12-21
By WALTER McCALLUM.

DR.. (of golt W1lfred Hiram
Cox, who did hitch on the bat
tlewagon Nevada in 1917-18 and
thinks he would relish crack at
the Japs now. has a piece to speak
for the winter golfer. DR.. Cox,
who happens to be one of the bet
ter after-dinner speakers around
any ones town, also can talk a
powerful piece with golf clubs.
A few years back, before he
dropped out of competition, he was
one of the Nations foremost tour
nament players and a golfer good
enough to be chosen for an inter-
national pro team. So Witty knows
his stuff when he talks about golf
and particularly winter golf.
Must Allow for Faults.
The main idea of WHY'S fireside
talk is that most golfers
particularly-hit the ball short be-
cause they underclub. And what Is
underclubbing? 1t is the business Of
choosing a. club which would hit
the ball as far as the pin only II
the ball is hit perfectly. And how
many shots are hit perfectly?
THE most common fault Of any
golfer is hitting the ball short"
said the good DR.. Cox. ut isn't that
the player cannot hit that ball far
enough, but habit, and perhaps
vanity, make him take the club ne
used back in the summer for the
same shot. He forgets two things.
He overlooks the fact that a golf
ball in winter doesn't go as far as
the same ball in the summer. The
ball itself doesn't respond to the
blow. and the air is heavier. In
other words, the ball just doesn't
20 as far in winter as in summer.
Then he forgets that he won't
get the roll and run he used to
get. These winter putting greens
are soft to a pitched ball. A well
hit or even a poorly hit shot will
check up quickly when it strikes q
winter greens in this locality.
Putting green's in the winter either
are frozen or are thawing out under
the sun, usually thawing out. for
few people play when the tempera-
ture is low enough to keep the
green's frozen. Almost any kind of
shot will sit down quickly on a
wet green. T