davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1941-08-17
and Churchill Bodies

swept eastward in 'V" and in diamond
formations. Crowds gathered on Eng
lish soil all afternoon to watch the
spectacular offensive
The objectives in France we're a power
station near Bethune and railway COM
munications near st. Omer. Cologne,
the third city in Germany, straddling
the Rhine, contains many of the indus
tries for which the Rhlneland is famed
and which are feeding the German war
machine. The raid last week was the
third daylight raid sent against it. 1t
has been raided 100 times by night.
England suffered two airplane mis-
haps last week that were costly. On
Sunday transoceanic plane used as
bomber ferry crashed in England as
1t was taking off for Canada. Seven
American officers in the British armed
forces and Is others were killed. On
Thursday came another accident quite
similar. Another ferry plane leaving
England for Canada with % aboard-in-
Guiding Sir Arthur Purvis, chairman of
the British Supply Council in North
America-crashed, and all were killed.
The ferry service and the pilots who fly
the planes over the Atlantic are val
liable to England because they get to
the front the American planes that are
made for English use.
Evening star., 1941-08-17
By Felix Morley

couple of months ago. has already passed
through several editions.
Because of its complete cbjectivity
political literature And for that reason
its permanent claim to distinction is
difficult to assess
1t is in class apart from the ephem-
eral torrent of war diaries. refugee
polemics, amateur strategy and COM
ingly from our publishing houses. But
precisely because THE Managerial Rev.
olution" stands almost alone as scien-
tific attempt to interpret current events,
one hesitates to call it absolutely, rather
than relatively, great book.
This the author himself recognizes in
saying that his formulation of the theory
of the managerial revolution can be
greatly improved and clarified, and
hoping that others more skilled than
I in these matters will so improve and
clarity it,
End of Capitalism?
In essence Mr.. Burnhams threefold
thesis is that the capitalist system has
outlived its function and is dying; that
Communism, or any other brand of
Marxist Socialism, has demonstrated
complete incapacity to offer workable
alternative, and that the future lies in
the hands of the managerial class,
operating nationalized industry pri-
marily for its own perhaps incidentally
for general, advantage.
The Communist background which the
author frankly admits enables him to
write of the failure of Socialism with
particularly telling effect. He is no less
mordant in describing the approaching
dissolution of capitalism, and those par
ticular forms of democracy" and free
dom" which are interviewer with that
economic system. AS Mr. Burnham says,
Il am well aware that the conclusions
reached in this book will be displeasing
to most of those who read it,
There is, however, a majestic impair
tiality in his denunciations If Boil
sheviks, Fascists and capitalists get lit
tie change out of The Managerial Rev.
olution," the intermediate liberals will
not care to be told that they are per
petually confused about the meaning
of politics" Nor will Mr.. Roosevelt
enjoy the statement that "his presence
or absence does not make 10 per cent
difference" to the development of the
New Deal
The Managerial Revolution"
These structures, however, have no
personal bearing whatsoever. They will
be taken that way only by those who
exaggerate the social Importance of
the individual. Mr. Burnhams real in
terest is with trends and he is equally
impartial in applying his scalpel to the
Communists, the Nazis and the New
Dealers who, in that order, have been
advancing the Managerial Revolution to
eliminate both the substance of capi-
talism and the dream of socialism.
Furthermore, Mr.. Burnham possesses
unusual scholastic equipment for his
critical task. The value Of thorough
historical knowledge, absence Of which
Evening star., 1941-08-17
Far Eastern Front

Few sounds came from Japan last
week. The suspicion grew. in the United
States that Toxic was suspending opera
tions pending news from Mr.. Churchill
and Mr.. Roosevelt. A few hours after
the announcement of the Roosevelt
Churchill declaration, the British Board
of Trade issued an order forbidding all
exports from Britain to Japan
On Monday, amid the atmosphere of
deteriorating japanese American rela-
tionS. a Japanese diplomat
Uneasy on his way home from his
Jopon post in Washington offered
unexpected counsel to his
country. Kaname Wagasuki, Minister
Of Japan here, told the newspaper Nichi
Nichi in Toxic in trans-Pacific inter-
view:
Il think the United States is prepared
and determined to meet the worst eventu-
alitieS.
japanese American relations are
closely related to the international sit
uation and should not be irritated USE
leSsly.''
Minister Wagasuki is on his way to
Toxic to discuss with his government
the question of what the United States
might do in the event of japanese in
vasion of Thailand.
Evening star., 1941-08-17
By S. J. Wooif

three portraits. One of the President
and one of Henry Wallace flank an old
steel engraving of Andrew jackson, after
whom his grandfather and his father
were named He regrets that he does
not also bear it. 1t would have been
appropriate, for he possesses certain
frontier ruggedness. He brings to mind
those hearty, staggering, intense yet
easy-going men who chopped down trees
to lay out farms, turning wilderness
into a produce-bearing land.
And now he, one of their descendants,
is changing the face of that land, con-
verting wheat fields into dairies and
cotton and tobacco acres into vegetable
farms. For he says we now must plan
our lives and everything else, keeping
in mind the plight of the world; we
must feed Britain at all costs.
Food As Weapon.
AS he leans back in his chair he points
out that at present we have tremendous
surpluses of wheat, cotton and tobacco.
But there are shortages of other crops.
To-day" he says. food is the strongest
weapon of defense we can produce. In
order to do this we must convert our
ever normal granary into an ever normal
food supply"
To do this, he points out, there must
be a reduction of crops for which there
is no urgent need and more production of
dairy products of all kinds, meat, fruit
and vegetables which Britain urgently
requires.
In order to bring about this change,
governmental control must play a big
part: the farmers will be protected, but
what they plant will be supervised de-
spite the mutterjngs of those who resent
this intrusion on their rugged individual
ism.
This is the time, for instance" he
goes on to explain, when the South
could we'll make an adjustment. We
may continue for long time to grow
more cotton than is needed, but this
cannot go on forever.
Cotton farmers ask what can we do?'
Our answer is: Grow more Of the vital
foods which Britain and this coun-
try needs.
although not all the South may be
fitted for the commercial production Of
some of these things, good part Of
it can raise a lot more food for its own
use"
But those small keen blue eyes of his,
as they peer out into the warning world,
see farther than what is happening at
present. He looks to the future when,
he believes, some of the changes that
the necessity of today has brought about
will in the long run strengthen our own
democracy.
1--WE have not only the resources to
produce all our people need for better
nutrition but also the methods" he says.
"And by better nutrition our people can
be made harder, more efficient and better
able to do without luxuries when that IL
necessary.
TOR some years now ~ have en-.
Evening star., 1941-08-17

Food will win the war, and by golly
think that it caused it, too
A heavy-set man is sitting at large
desk in a big room as he says these
words. Then in a deep voice he goes
on to explain that it was the necessity
for more food and consequently the ne
cessity for more land upon which to
grow it that brought about the present
struggle
AS he continues to talk with an In
diana drawl the importance of Ma
poleon's dictum that an army travels
on its stomach looms large. He points
out that war has changed since the
days of the little corporal and civilians
as well as soldiers are combatants; that
hunger breeds revolt.
To keep the democracies supplied with
what they need for their well-being is
Claude Wickards job, and one look at
the Secretary of Agriculture is sufficient
to be sure that he is the kind of man
who does not fall down on what he
must do
Behind his jolly manner and an al
most habitual smile is a spirit of de-
termination. The deep cleft just above
his short nose, the slant of his eye
broWs, the cut of his square jaw, his
round bull-like neck and his thick-fin-
gered, capable hands do not belong to
man who SHES at difficulties
Has Analytical Mind.
Willing to take advice, possessed of
o memory for minute details, intensely
curious to find out what the other fell
low thinks and with the prying qualities
of gimlet to bore down to facts, he car
ries on good-humored inquisitions with
his own researchers and investigators as
we'll as with farmers from all parts of
the country.
The questions may be about chickens
or calories, about hogs or hydrates, vita
minis or food values, he seems to know
something about them. If he wants
more facts. his small blue eyes get
smaller and almost disappear behind his
red, round cheeks. His eyebrows shoot
downward until they meet at the bridge
OF his nose as plies his questions or digs
into the mass of papers before him.
Should a photograph be brought out
as evidence of point under discussion,
Secretary Wickard will take it and,
squirting his eyes, examine it carefully.
He will ask with what kind of lens it
was taken and for the time being agri-
culture will give way to optics For he
Is camera enthusiast and films and
prints lie mixed up with farm reports,
and he shows even to casual visitors the
snapshots taken on short vacations.
Differs From Wallace.
There is nothing of the mystic about
him as there is about his predecessor,
Henry Wallace. He loves nature but
does not commune with it. Nor does he
search for esoteric implications in it,
He is as earthly as the corn-hog farm
IN Indiana which he still works and
which came to him from his great-grand-
father.
Facing the desk In his ONCE hang
Evening star., 1941-08-17
Battle of the Atlantic

Secretary of the Navy Knox told re-
porters in Raleigh, N. c., that American
naval patrol vessels in the North At
lantic have kept open the sealane to
Iceland without the firing of shot. There
has been a lull in the battle of the At
lantic as it has been fought by German
submarines, raiders and airplaneS against
cargo ships bringing supplies to England.
But the battle of the Atlantic neverthe-
less had new episode of great impor-
tance.
A week ago today Mr.. Roosevelt and
Mr.. Churchill met and fired on the At
lantlc some words
AtIontic heard around the
Rendezvous world That is the
most spectacular and
meaningful event that has occurred on
the Atlantic since the war began, per-
haps since Columbus crossed that same
ocean and found the New World, whose
greatest country now reaches out to
clasp the old country of England.
1t was generally suspected for 10 days
that the two men were meeting. But
the OGEClal announcement was WllnhelQ
until Thursday morning. All day Thurs
day and through Friday driblets of in
formation reached the press and the
public about the meeting. 1t took place
on two warships, U. S. S. Augusta and
H. M S. Prince of Wales. The two men
attended services together at sea last
Sunday. Their principal military, politi-
cal and supply advisers were with them.
They issued a joint statement calling
for "the final destruction of the Nazi
tyranny"
They listed eight points of peace,
reminiscent of but markedly different
from the IA points of Woodrow Wilson.
In order to hurry the destruction of Hit
Ter, Lord Beaverbrook, British Minister
of Supply who attended the meeting,
few on Thursday to Washington in an
Army plane with Gen. George G.
Marshall, who was also at the sea con-
ference. Lord Beaverbrook came with
two points in view:
/. To spur the flow of lease-lend goods
10 England.
2. To find a means of improving Rus
Evening star., 1941-08-17
Indies Are Suspicious
Of japanese Failures
Bv ReIman NORM.

BATAVIA, Java.-In every corner and
on every by-path of the Netherlands
East Indies, bustling Japanese have been
successfully failing" in various kinds OF
business
They have a cotton-less cotton tract
in New Guinea, dry oil concession in
Borneo, some anemic rubber leases IN
North Sumatra, an airline still to be
graced by one paying guest to Portu-
guese Timor, and divers other ventures
of equal or greater sterility in other parts
archipelago.
From a business standpoint, the ira
ditionally astute japanese have drawn
an almost unbroken series of blanks.
OF late a gradually widening suspicion
has appeared that perhaps the Japanese
objective in the Indies was something
other than profit. Could it be, the
Dutch wondered, that the true reason
for putting Japanese business here was
not business but to station Japanese
nationals in the islands?
A quiet investigation was set in motion.
1t disclosed, Dutch authorltles say,
that most of the big japanese enter
prises were subsidized by the Japanese
government. They were connected with,
or under the supervision of, the big South
Seas Development Co., government in
stitution which has its newer counter.
parts today in Central and North China.
The presidents and principal directors
are government appointees.
So Hollanders in the East Indies were
forced to the conclusion that they were
dealing with the Japanese government,
rather than Japanese individuals.
Are these losses being written Oh, as
an investment, by the Japanese gov
eminent? And is business the real OBJ
ject Of most Of the Japanese In the
Indies7
Evening star., 1941-08-17
Review of 7O2d Week of War
By Blair BoHes.

The wide Atlantic Ocean furnished the setting last for
meeting which undoubtedly
he history President Roosevelt
Minister Churchill powerful
conduct of the and the framing
had finished talking the heads state the world
Hitler and the of world eight
OF all United
The Atlantic conference friends
Marshal Pan the Chief of State Vchy threw the
country the Germans Admiral
haer England
8month
Evening star., 1941-08-17

makes much American comment on Gilt
rent events wholly journalistic. is ap-
parent in every chapter of The Man
agerial Revolution" And history-po-
litical. social and economic-is drawn
upon with telling effect to compare thC
transition from feudallSm to capitalism
with that from capitalism to a new order
which is seen to be happening through
out the world today nowhere more surely
than in the United States.
The actual writing of The Managerial
Revolution" was evidently started aftel
the defeat of France. To Mr.. Burnham,
as to the present writer, this catastrophe
foreshadowed the enduring consolidation
of the European Continent under Ger
man managerial leadership, replacing
the political division of Europe main
tanned by Great Britain under the "baI-
ance of power" policy throughout til
entire capitalist era.
The fall of France satisfied Mr.. Burn
ham that totalitarian economics of tt,
made-in-Germany variety would def
nitely replace capitalstic practic
throughout all Europe. relative
large number could foresee that over
year ago.
Totalitarian Economics.
What was NOT so apparent, but wha
the author of this book anticipated well
before it actually happened, was that
Germany would turn On her totalitarian
yet industrially inferior Slavic partner in
the first of a series of wars for managerial
supremacy. There seems good reason
to believe, he adds, that Russia will
split apart into an eastern and western
section. each section gravitating toward
one of the key areas which constitute the
strategic bases of the super-states of the
future"
There will be, Mr. Burnham thinks,
three of these SWEEPSTAKES, based on the
three separate areas in which there is the
greatest concentration of advanced in
dustry: Cd North America; % Europe;
90 the Japanese Islands together with
parts of Eastern China
Between these areas, with capitalism
and capitalist democracy progressively
eliminated, Mr.. Burnham anticipates
further managerial wars" of the type
now raging between Germany and Rus
sia. And in these undisguised wars for
power, with coincident and perhaps
violent alteration of our political and
economic institutions he takes the parti-
cipation of the United States for
granted.
A book which argues that the United
States will enter the war, even though
breakup of the British Empire" is al.
ready assured" and capitalist democracy
doomed, is not likely to carry strong ap-
peal for either isolationist or interven-
zionist. Therein, perhaps, lies the great
virtue of this provocative little volume.
1t may help to teach us that the prob
lens ahead are far more complicated,
and far less likely to be solved according
to any familiar pattern, than is as yet
anticipated by the average American Of
either school.
Evening star., 1941-08-17
DEPLORES RELUCTANCE TO FACE FUTUR|
Observer Says Book Stimulates Thought

One of the more interesting and sug-
gestive characteristics of the present war
is the almost complete lack of thought
full analytical writing with regard to
its ultimate meaning.
1t is not merely in the newspapers, but
as pronouncedly in the critical maga-
zines and apparently authoritative books,
that there seems almost conspiracy
Of silence as to what Is actually hap
pening. OF course. during the past two
years, forests of wood pulp and rivers
of ink have been devoted to printed COM
ment about the war. But of the product
1t may be asserted that there is scarcely
thought in a carload
There have been excellent factual re-
porting and descriptive writing. the value
of which none would minimize There
has also been much impassioned plead
ing, which has aroused rather cloudy
emotions. Very few writers, however,
have resolutely attempted to pierce the
veil shrouding what lies ahead, or even
to examine critically those unmistakable
signs which in the aggregate define the
road our civilization is taking.
This obvious reluctance to face the
future: this essentially pathetic attempt
to explain the whole upheaval in terms
of the personality of Hitler or "the jap
anese militarists." are in themselves sig
nificant. They suggest an uneasy be-
lief that the developments of our time
are too shattering and too enormous to
be grasped by the average mind There
fore we seek to persuade ourselves that
II only this atrocious Naz element could
somehow be crushed all would be well.
Changes Under Way.
Drugged by repeated assurances to
that effect, people in general are only
just beginning to realize that whatever
the outcome Of the war, the old WAYS
are gone forever; that revolutionary
change is not merely to be anticipated
but is already under way and advancing
with cumulative speed.
With establishment of the Franco
German entente and the gradual dis
integration of Russian resistance the
awakening would seem to be at hand. It
should result in closer attention to the
work OF that small minority which has
sought to employ the scientific method
in analyzing the meaning of the social
forces released by this war. The awak-
ening, in particular, should bring wider
audience to James Burnham,s remark.
able book entitled "The Managerial Rev.
olution."
OF the author of this dispassionate
and penetrating study Of contemporary
trends know nothing, except that he
was, by his own admission, for some
years active in the Trotskyist political
organization" and is now, according to
the statement of his publishers, a mem
Der OF the department of philosophy
at New York University.
I do know, however, that he has ac-
complished straightforward, well-in-
formed and well-reasoned study, which
serves to clear up rather than create
confusion. And this must be q general
realization, since ''The Managerial Rev.
oiution," though brought out only .
Evening star., 1941-08-17
FOOD WILL WIN THE WAR; SAYS WICKARD
Secretary Stresses Importance Of Agriculture in World Struggle

ployed adjustments of different kinds to
combat the agricultural collapse that
would have come about as result OF
the decline in foreign markets. Now We
learn that many of the foodstuffs that
are needed by Britain are the very
products which will also supply better
nutrition to our own people.
do you know that at least three
quarters of us do not have proper diets
in spite of the fact that we are the best
fed Nation on earth, with more food
resources than any other country in the
world? This is not only true Of city
dwellers, it is just as true of farmers.
And it seems ridiculous that this should
be 80 in their case when they can raise
the proper food almost in their back
yards.
Although the existing national policy
has given us a more flexible, less hap
hazard type of agriculture, we still have
many problems in production. In dis
tribution, too, much can be done But
besides these two factors we must not
forget research and education, which
mean better handling of our soil con-
servation, better crops, better livestock,
more efficient management, the destruc-
ton of pests as we'll as better nutrition
for our animals and ourselves In short
the greater application of science to
agriculture.
1t was the application of science to
f,,, t,,, s,~fA ~tAL Ty,4ly4 u
as boy. BY the time he was II he
made up his mind he was going to learn
more than a hit-and-nliss method of
farming. He went to Purdue University
at Lafayette.
Progressive Ideas.
When he got back he began to put
the theories ne had learned into prac-
tice Chemicals we're mixed with the
old soil-new ideas in hog raising were
introduced and by degrees his farming
experiments, at first laughed at, were
talked about, and Claude became "a
right smart guy" among his neighbors.
He helped organize a farmers CO.
operative, won medals and finally was
elected to the State Senate. A speech on
the corn-hog problem which he made in
Iowa led to his appointment to the De-
partment Of Agriculture. When Secre-
tary Wallace resigned, he was made its
head.
Departmental business does not pre-
vent him from keeping close tabs on his
farm, and he manages every little while
to 60 back home and see how the crops
and the stock are getting on and to
sneak few hours for fishing trips on
the banks of the Wabash.
There amid the sycamores and the
scent of new mown hay he ponders his
work in Washington, convinced that
democratic planning in agriculture must
go further than it has, and that we shall
have to do a good job-or else.
He is sure that there is going to be
planning In this new world in the max
ing, either autocratic or democratic.
II think" he warns, the only way We
can escape autocratic planning Is BY
doing . better job IN . democratic way"