davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1941-04-23

Man has no monopoly on taking
bath.
The birds were evidently the first
bathers, and still do a mighty good job
of it.
We watched a song sparrow take his
afternoon splash the other day.
Just how many times would he splash?
1t was the closest inspection we ever
had of this primitive rite. Song SPAR
rows, of course, are among our tamest
birds. They will come within few feet
of any one who keeps reasonably still.
The small striped sparrow, much neater
than its English cousin, hoped across
the grass toward the bath sunk in the
earth.
The sun was hot that afternoon.
Dogs had their tongues out, for the
first time this season.
The song sparrow evidently thought
it was time for its bath.
First it took a good drink, dipping
down its head well over the brim. This
bath is not more than inches deep.
but bottom layer Of pink stones has
been put in, making the water depth
just 2 inches. This is about right, most
birds preferring it. They will bathe in
deeper water, however, as we shall show
directly.
The song sparrow hoped over the
edge.
He dipped his head completely under
water, then Topped his wings vigorously.
This operation took about 6 seconds.
~
He repeated the performance exactly
Al times before he was satisfied.
He made a pretty picture there, with
his evident satisfaction in what he was
doing, and the sun flashing on the drops
of water he kicked up.
After he had finished, he hoped over
the brim and across the grass as if Moth
ing had happened at all out of the usual.
Birds have been taking baths for CEN
turies. The question is do they take
them because they want to cool off, or
to get clean, or Just because they en-
JOY it?
The big robin in the earthen bowl, at
least inches deep, was cooling off.
There could be no doubt about it,
He was not splashing, but simply
perching in the water
His wings were spread out across the
surface, and his feathers were puffed
up in all directions.
He appeared to be about twice normal
size.
A normal sized robin is large enough.
One twice as large is big, indeed.
He remained in the water at least
minutes, looking around, now and then,
with that bold bright eye which is his
birthright.
1t was no task at all to come over the
edge He soon was engaged in the end
less task Of looking for earthworms.
Song SparroWs are among the most
constant visitors at the ground beef tray
in the summer.
Evening star., 1941-04-23
Rumuniu Erupts Again

For the third time in five months,
Rumania is torn by civil strife.
Press dispatches from Rumania itself
are fragmentary, while those from
adjacent Hungary are obviously
tinged with anti-Rumanian bias.
However, this new struggle, like the
former outbreaks, appears to be be-
tween the Rumanian government
headed by General AntoneScu and
opposition elements centering
around the Iron Guard. Despite
severe measures taken by the gov
ernment after the second rising last
January, the Iron Guard has not
been stamped out. Its leader, Horia
Sima, was not captured, and from
some secret hiding place he has
continued to foment trouble. Last
week, General Antonescu announced
the unearthing of an Iron Guard
plot to murder him and his cabinet.
A number of arrests followed. Sum-
mary trials and executions enSued,
and this may have been the spark
which touched off the current dis
orders.
It is not easy to get clear pic
ture of what is happening in Ru-
mania. The Iron Guard has been
demanding the return of territories
ceded to Hungary and Bulgaria
under German pressure, if need be
by force of arms. Considering that
Rumania is today occupied by Ger
man troops, and that both Hungary
and Bulgaria would defend their
new territories vigorously even if
the Germans stood aside, such de-
mandS can be classed as sheer
demagoguery. But, in an Orthodox
Easter day address to the Rumanian
people, General Antonescu took
much the same line, saying that the
Rumanian Army was ready to fight
and quoting an order to his army
command that ''it Is the holy duty
of the army to wipe out the shameful
blot of 1940."
From practical standpoint, this
is nonsense, and General Antonescu
undoubtedly knows it to be such. He
must have said it for home con-
sumption. But the fact that he felt
obliged to say it is important, be-
cause it shows the extent to which
the Iron Guards demagogic appeals
were affecting public opinion. The
Rumanian people are probably the
most disorganized and undisciplined
in the Balkans today. A naturally
temperamental, backward folk, they
have been gripped by increasing
despair and Illustration for many
months as they saw their country
fall under alien rule. Systematically
MIXED dry by the Germans, patriot
ically outraged by forced cessions
of territory to hostile neighbors,
and riven by domestic hatreds be-
tween factional and racial groups,
the unhappy Rumanians are in mood
to be reused by the burning oratory
of fanatics and to embark on the
Evening star., 1941-04-23
Importance of Equipment

According to Daniel De Luce, AsSo-
ciated Press war correspondent, re-
Gently with the British and Greek
forces in the Mount Olympus region,
it was not only superiority in guam
tity but in quality of Germany's
mechanical equipment that crushed
the valiant and stubborn resistance
of the Anglo-Greek Allies. Courage
is tremendous military asset, of
course, but courage even OF the type
immortalized by Spartan King Le-
onidas at Thermopylae, and dupIi-
Gated by the modern defenders of
the "hot gates" in the strategic
LokriS Mountains, cannot prevail,
alone, against such overwhelming
military might as that which the
NaziS threw into the battle of Greece.
Mr.. De Luce, writing in Turkey, free
of censorship restrictions, described
how a fleet of thirty y-seven-ton Ger
man tanks charged light British
tanks and crushed them like egg
shells" The Greek troops, he said,
were outgunned and were harasSed
constantly by the German air force,
which had ten-to-one superiority
over that of the Allies.
This is but further evidence of the
advantage which the German war
machine has over its opponents, due
to initial superiority of equipment.
1t was this superiority which spelled
success for the blitzkrieg in Flanders.
Germany had been modernizing and
perfeCtlng her tanks and planes and
guns for years before the democra-
cleS stirred themselves from their
peacetime lethargy. The war has
taught military experts of many ma
tlonS some important lessons. Our
own defense forces have profited by
the unhappy experiences of those en-
gagged in resisting aggression. Our
WarplaneS now are being fitted with
armor, with leak-proof gasoline tanks
and with powerful cannon. Our war
ships are being brought up to date
by addition of new deck armor and
more effective anti-aircraft guns.
Britain, too, has been profiting by
experience and by the time granted
her in which to rectify her mistakes
Of the unpreparedneSS era. Today
her planes, ship for ship, are said
to be more than match for any,
thing possessed by the Luftwaffe,
and their quantity gradually is being
reinforced by home production and
by increasing increments of Ameri-
made fighters and bomberS. The
American arsenal is swinging into
ever greater production with the
passing of every week. This is why
President Roosevelt cautions the
American people not to despair be-
cause of temporary setbacks suffered
by the Allies. The war, he pointed
out yesterday in his press conference,
will not be won or lost by reason
of isolated actions. Its outcome de-
pends on what happens to Britains
tight little isle" off occupied Europe.
That England can hold out if suf-
ficient American aid reaches her in
time most military observers agree.
The Balkan and African diversions
give precious days in which England
may add to her defensive and often
sive strength. Once Britain can at
tain equality or superiority, not only
in numbers but in quality of planes
and other war materiel, the cause
of embattled democracy will not fail.
Evening star., 1941-04-23
Warns Against Preference
OF One Labor Group Over Another.
To the Editor of The Star:

Warns Against Preference
OF One Labor Group Over Another
To the Editor OF The Star:
1t is to be hoped that the present de-
fense investigation by the House Naval
Affairs Committee will not be used only
for A. F. of L. purposes to point an ac-
cusing finger at the wave of c. I. O.
strikes, with the object Of forwarding
A. r. of L. organization ambitions. or
to make 1t appear as q fine. American
organization In contrast to the G. I. o.
A. F. of L. practices, dues, fees. etc.
on defense projects and jurisdictional
disputes should not be overlooked, nor
the character of its leadership. Workers
are not benefited by being delivered out
of one ruthless organization into an even
more ruthless organization.
Politics and labor organizations de-
feated France. Now is not the time to
play one against the other or to make
political bargains. Defense is necessary
to the welfare of the people.
EDNA ~. zOliARS.
Evening star., 1941-04-23

of purpose, it resolutely took sword in
hand, solemnly pledged to thwart the
predatory madness of Germany. Tri-
umphant as the valorous champion of
democracy, it lost but one battle, the
peace that followed a glorious victory
And now God help us, decision day once
more confronts uS-to do or not to do;
to be or not to be.
Our dilemma is truly pitiful. Cold
logic and the bitter lessons of experience
voice their earnest and sincere persua-
sions both to those who would say yea"
and those who would say may" Like
a scourge, one conclusion bites into our
souls, no matter how we decide, the for
felt will be the same, tears, blood and
left to perplex us: Shall the inevitable
be in vain?
tortured conscience warns us not to
lean too heavily upon the frantic pleas
of those who say that the right answer
is to ignore, disdain and forget. Isolate
yourself from evil by word, thought and
deed and you will escape it, they promise.
Intervene in aggression and you become
its next victim. In times like these,
expediency is the first law of nations
survival Resist not evil and be assured
that. evil, in mercy will spare you!
We who dissent from that philosophy
of cowardly sychophancy recall the
teachings of the disillusioning past. We,
too, hate war. We fought in one; now
our sons must be offered upon the
bloody altar of another, not of our seek
ing and perhaps equally futile. AS we
prayerfully seek divine guidance, our
vigilant memory recalls the plight of
those who trusted the mercy of the
ruthless. Then in answer to our prayer
we see with the eye of faith the beautiful
vision, symbolized oy the Cross. Through
the ages it has had one deathless mes
sage, both to comfort and guide us:
For whosoever will save his life shall
lose it; and whosoever will lose his life
for my sake, shall find it."
In this world of evil, there still are
things worth risking ones existence for.
THOMAS E. MATTINGLY, MD.
Evening star., 1941-04-23

@. Does the Government supply all Of
a mans clothes when he is drafted?-
r. o.
A. Enlisted soldiers, sailors or seleCtees
will be issued without charge, all the
articles Of clothing necessary for the
duties they will be required to perform.
These articles of clothing are the prop
erty of the United States and are issued
for use during the period of service. If
they are lost, damaged by neglect or
unlawfully disposed OF the Government
will require the person to pay for them.
@. Is the flag which inspired Francis
Scott Key to write The Star Spangled
Banner" still in existence?-H. J. E.
A. The original flag which flew over
Fort McHenry and inspired the song is
on exhibition at the Smithsonian Insti-
tuition, Washington, D. c.
@. What system of shorthand is used
by the reporters in Congress?-G. F. L.
A. All of the reporters in the House
and Senate use the Pitman system Of
shorthand.
@. Where is the highest automobile
road in the United StateS?-E. T.
A. It is the mountain highway to the
top of Mount Evans in Colorado, which
is 14.1ll feet above sea level at its highest
point
Evening star., 1941-04-23
Letters to the Editor

Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address OF
the 1uriter, although the use Of
pSeudonynl for publication is
permissible. The Star reserves
the right to edit all letters NTH
q pien to condensation.
Evening star., 1941-04-23
Discusses Spiritual Ordeal
Of Present Crisis.

To the Editor of The Star:
A score and four years ago, in the fate
full month of April, 1917, this Nation
undertook to fulfill the inescapable com.
mitments OF its destiny. Slow to wrath.
fxltering Of decision and sven ouixottU
Evening star., 1941-04-23

Weight ContrOl-How to lose or
gain weight without using medl-
cines, trick diets or apparatus.
Contains expert opinion on diet
essentials, vitamins, calories and
exercise. Lists 1O0-calorie portions
of familiar dishes and dietary
recipes so useful in planning
menus Table Of weights for men
and women To secure your copy
inclose 10 cents in coin, wrapped in
this clipping, and mail TO The Star
Information Bureau.
Name
Address
Evening star., 1941-04-23

@. What is the smallest bird2-T w NJ.
A. The smallest known bird is believed
to be species of hummingbird native to
tropical America. An adult Of this
species is scarcely more than 2 inches
long and weighs less than 1918 Of an
ounce.
Evening star., 1941-04-23
Huskin's Answers
To Questions
BIZ Frederic J. Hdsktn.

A reader can get the Gns1Der to any
question OF fact by t0riting The Eve-
ming Star Information Bureau, Fred
eric J. HaSkin, director, Washington,
D. c. Please incloSe stamp for reply.
Q. Who was the first person TO use
questions and answers as a method OF
instruction?-T. S. M
A. Socrates, the Greek philosopher,
used tnic system of teaching, which Is
usually referred to as the Socratic
method.
Evening star., 1941-04-23

O. Why are the Marines called leather-
neckS?-F. J. D.
A The name leatherneck was given
to the Marines during the Revolutionary
War when they wore leather stiffening
in their shirt collars. The term was
formerly used in the British Navy.
G. What was the last play Shakes
peare wrcte2-E. M. T.
A. THE Tempest" was his final play.
@. Please give the date Of the Chau-
tauqua Assembly,. T
A. The 6eth annual season will be held
from July 6 to August 81 at Chautauqua,
New York
@. How much of Grover Bergdoll's
property did his wife receive from the
Government?-C. L. P.
A. Mrs. Bergdou received S3O7, ,289.
which was 80 per cent of the property Of
her husband which was seized during
the World War and held by the Govern
ment The refund was based on the
amount left after the income taxes had
been deoucted.
Q. Please give a short biography Of
Tom Noonan, Bishop of Chinatown
G. c.
A. Tom Noonan was born in New York
City in 1878. He was a criminal at Is
and while in prison at Dannemora, N. Y,
was impressed by a visiting preachers
words. After release he visited Mrs,
Maud Ballington Booth, who found him
work at Hope Hill, a country home for
ex-convicts. In 1904 he took over the
work of the Rescue Society at Doyers
street and remained for 80 years. He
died in 1895.
Q. What IS the temperature in Carls-
bad CavernS in New Mexico?-J. H. c.
A. Temperature in the caverns remains
stationary at Sc degrees F. summer and
winter.
@. How many dial telephones are there
in the world?-L. S. A
A. There are q 100000 dial telephones.
of which AZ per cent are in the United
States.
Q. What Is the origin of the expression,
THE woods are full of them"?-R. P. A.
A. Alexander Wilson In the preface to
his American Ornithology" Q8O8) quotes
these words and relates the story of a
boy who had been gathering flowers.
On bringing them to his mother, he said:
Look, my dear ma! What beautiful
flowers I have found growing in our
place! Why, all the woods are full Of
them!"
Evening star., 1941-04-23
Member of the Associated Press.

=. The Associated Press is excluslvely entitled 70
the use for republication OF all news dispatches
credited to 1t otherwise credited in TINS
paper and also the local news published herein.
AL rights of publication OF special dispatches
herein also are reserved.
Evening star., 1941-04-23

@. Please give the date Of the Chau-
tauqua Assembly,. T
A. The 6eth annual season will be held
from July to August 81 at Chautauqua,
New York.
Evening star., 1941-07-02
Washington Produce

BUTTER-93 score tubs IS; 1-pound
prints, 3Sia; i4-pound prints 80: 92
score re, tubs p; pound prints. a.:
l..pound prints. 81 '4-pound prints,
&c "a; 30 score. tubs. 36l4. l-pound prints.
81 :. l4-pound prints. 3i24. 50 score tubs
36i4: pound prints 36a4. ia-pound
prints. 3ai4. SIS score tubs, 351.: l-pound
prints 36l4; i4-pound prints, 36s4.
LIVESTOCK-Cslves 1Oha; spring
lambs. 10.
prices paid net fob. Washington
Egps-Market steady. Prices paid for
Federal-State graded eggs received from
grading stations July p: Whites. u 8 ex-
tras, large. 35-36, mostly 80; U. 8. extras
mediums. 2e-30, mostly 30: U. S.
standards, mediums. 81: U. 8 trades, "a
-, mostly 27: browns. U. S. extras large
1875, mostly 1886; u S, extras. me-
diums. %; u S standards, large 29-3l,
mostly 30 U. s. standards. mediums -;
U. S trades, 25-2I. mostly %; for nearby
ungraded eggs current receipts. whites.
26: mixed colors. p. Receipts Governmen mt
graded eggs. 59l Cases
Live poultry-Market steady; fowl col
ored all sizes, 1870 No IS, l3-I4. Leg
horn hens all sizes ISL roosters 1912.
chickens Virginia broilers and fryers, all
sizes 1890 No. rs, l2-l3, Delaware Rocks
and crosses broilers and fryers. all sizes,
10. No. IS 1918 LeRhorn broilers 1917
turkeys. old toms. l5-i1: No. IS. 13' old
hens, 1920; No. 2s, 13.
Evening star., 1941-07-02

clair spoke musingly. ITS strange,
but ! feel that ! can speak OF her
to you. There is something about
you, the directness of your glance
perhaps, which reminds me of her
1t is five years since her death. but
I've never stopped grieving for
moment. l could never become rec
onclled to it, and then one day l
felt that she was close to me, that
If I would stop being bitter and
resentful I might be able to get in
touch with her. Do you think that
is impossible, Miss Duval She
broke of the question abruptly.
Il don't know" Nancy said hon.
estly. II know nothing about spirit
ualism."
Nancy is Engaged.
Mrs Sinclair smiled grimly. "Peo-
pie begin to talk of hallucinations
when any one sees something out of
the ordinary. Yet. Thomas Edison,
one OF the greatest geniuses in the
world. was working at the time of
his death on an instrument to be
used in communicating with the
spirit world And still ignorant
people dismiss the idea as being
utterly fantastic. They don't know
as much about it as Spunky here!"
Spunky. hearing his name
spoken, glanced up hopefully, saw
that there was no more cake on
the tray. and began TO wash his
paws daintily.
Mrs. Sinclair switched the sub
ject abruptly. Did DR.. Cornell
mention the salary to you. Miss
Duval? I expect to pay $50 week
and you will live here. II that is
quite satisfactory Id like you to
come in this evening. Can you
manage that?"
Il think so. In fact. I'm quite
sure I can"
Then 1 will expect YOU to re-
turn this evening about 8. And
don't bring your uniforms. White
dresses like the one you are wear
ing now will do"
Nancy rose to 60. But the door
was thrown open at that moment,
and a young man strobe in. He
was dressed in riding clothes. and
his dark hair was rumpled. vet the
very carelessness of his attire was
somehow attractive.
Aunt Emily. you old sinner, why
wasn't I invited TO tea?" he cried
gaily.
tCopynsht, 194l, The Chicago Daily
News Inc
Evening star., 1941-07-02
Chicuqo Produce

CHICAGO, July , tP,.-Poultry hv. 4e
trucks; steaoy 10 hrm: springs under 4
pounds. Plymouth Rock, 20: White Rock
20: other prices unchsneed
creamery % score. 3si ?: -. s5i,-ss; 81 81
80 :; 90, 35; 80, "a; IS, 33iLs 40, central.
lzed CARROTS unchanged Esg> receipts
26,3l4 weak; fresh sraded. extra first
loca- 26l.; cars, 26I2; trsts. local %
cars. 26l4: current receipts, 25l2. dirtIeS
25 checks. 24I7: storage packed extras
21i q: hrstS, 26l2
Omitted States Department of Agricul.
ture) arrivals, lIa: on track
306: total United States shipments. 7:3
new stock, supplies moderate; demand fair
for California long whites and Westerr
Trlumphs market slightly weaker. foI
Southern Trlumphs msrket steady on beS
quality: for Missouri and Kansas CobbIers
unsettled: California lons whites. U. s No
!, 1920. California Bliss Triumphs u
9; No. !, c.00-c5: Idaho Bliss TriumphS
o. No |, e.O0-1n:. Alabama Bliss Tn
umphs U. g. No. !. 40. Missouri Cobbler
generally sood quality, ] 20-6O old STOCK
supplies light demand very light. marke
about steady; Idaho Russet Burbsnks. U. S
No l. l SO
Evening star., 1941-07-02
New York Produce
NEW YORK July lP,-Fsss

NEW YORK, July lPD.-Eess, 2e,512
easy.
Mixed colors. fancy to extra fancy, 2s1a-
31i4: extras 2si4; storage packed frsts.
2194: graded frsts. 27i4: mediums, 2634
dirties No /. a6s4; average checks, 2594-
20.
Whites fresales of premium marks 3314-
35s4); nearby and Midwestern premium
marks, 3ol.-32'4; specials, 29a-29a.;
standards. 2S94; TeSales of exchange to
fahcy heavier mediums. 30-33l0; me-
diuns, 29i7
Browns. nearby and Midxestern. fancy
to extra fancy. 30ta-34I a: specials 80;
standards. 9S-2si7: mediums 29-29h.
Butter IA a6I: weaker Creamery.
higher than &c score and premium marks,
1921 score, 34-35A; s4s7 score, 81 "a
33t7.
Cheese, 5eO454: firm. prices UNCHANGED.
Corn meal firm; fine white grsnulated,
2 55: yellow, 2 So.
Talow steady: special loose, 7ss NOM
inal extra loose. 7s4..
Greases steady: yellow. 7ss nominal;
house, 73s.
other articles steady and unchanged
Evening star., 1941-07-02
Commodity Prices

NEW YORK, July THE Associated
35 commodities today advanced to sS74
month ago ago, s5.e5; year ago 71's5
H,sA Eoa :$as :3as /: 3 ss:s i3' sfis sfis
1926 average equals f00.l
MisceIIaneou. Markets.
santos, 80. ~ 90 70 Poo ta,ares' ;lS closed to
september' ip iI,o6,o7: December i1.isn' " =
loTer Ho SO Sales $50" lu'6sss bass jag htnsE 3
sep,ember 55Gn: Dese%osG csassd sG eH ,,.,
pecem6ers Srs @ ssh; March, 77sn.
RAW HfbEsaPqtures na close closed 3 to 10
ber. il 40: December, 14.32b.
Spot No. l Western light native cows,
WOOL ToPs-Futures made slight
gains today on trade covering IN the
connexions and local professionals sup
piled contracts in .the spot month against
purchases of October
Grease wool futures closed / TO .
of cent lower. October, 93.5; Decem-
'eit Certiicsted grease WOOL spot. s3 sn.
Wool top futures closed unchanged to
a of a cent higher. July. 1o3. .4b; Octo-
ber, 119Sb; December. 1850; March.
117.9b.
CeTtihcated spot wool tops. 123 sn.
CRUDE RUBBER-Futures closed un-
changed to 5 lower; sales, No. / STANDARD
90 contracts; September. 2I26b; Deem
Der. 81 lob; smoked ribbed, spot, 81 Con.
b IBID Nominal.
RAW SILK-Futures closed 70 8 cents
higher: sales, $50 bales; July 2.91b; An
gust. . 92b; September, 2.92b.
bid
No sales in lead anz Straits tin futures