davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1941-04-07
High Court |nvaIidate,
; 3Anti-Trust Cases
Against Unions
Indictment Demurrers
Are Upheld on Bosis
Of Hutcheson Decision
BY J. A. FOX.

The Government today suffered a
severe setback in its effort to break
up alleged abuses in the building
industry by prosecuting accused
labor unions under the Sherman
Antitrust Act, when the Supreme
Court invalidated three indictments
involving units of the American
Federation of Labor.
In two of the cases. labor unions
in Chicago and New Orleans were
alleged to have fostered illegal
restraints against c. I. o. unions
that had been certified by the
National Labor Relations Board as
the collective bargaining agency for
the industries concerned.
In the other. also a Chicago case,
unions were accused of conspiring
to prevent the replacement of men
by machinery.
No opinion was rendered in any of
the cases. the Supreme Court simply
noting that the action of the District
Courts in sustaining demurrers were
being upheld on the basis of a de-
cision earlier this year of the ST.
preme Court in the Hutcheson case.
In this case labor was given a broad
grant of freedom from Sherman
Act prosecution.
Court Divides 4 to4.
In another case today the court
divided four-four and thereby af-
flrmed the conviction of Robert S.
James, Los Angeles barber, who was
sentenced to death for the murder
of his wife in an insurance plot in
1885, after trial in which the State
introduced in evidence two live rat
tlesnakes which, it was claimed. had
been used in an effort to kill the
woman by their bites.
The labor case indictments voided
today had been viewed Importantly
by the Justice Department in the
long campaign against building in
dustry restraints. Thurman S. Ar
mold. head of the Antitrust Di-
vision of the department, had ex-
pressed the opinion that it would
be possible to prosecute these even
in the light of the Hutcheson case
In that case the court held that
William L. Hutcheson. head of the
International Carpenters Union,
and other officials mould not be
prosecuted under the Sherman Act
for fomenting a jurisdictional strike
and boycott at the Annheuser
Busch brewery in st. Louis in order
to wrest work from the Machinists'
Union, another A. F. of L. affiliate
Mr.. Hutcheson was among the
union officers named in one of the
Chicago cases today. in which it
was alleged that the Carpenters
Union was attempting to hamper
the operations of the Harbor Ply
wood Corp, a Washington State
concern for which the c. I. o. had
been certified as bargaining agents
over the A. F. of L. in an election
called by the Labor Board.
The other case of this nature in
New Orleans involved the Construc-
ton Trades Council and the 81
affiliated unions who were alleged
to have combined to refuse to re-
ceive building material transported
by the c. I. o. Drivers Union. In
(See SUPREME COURT, Page A-5)
Evening star., 1941-04-07
Groups to Find Strike Facts
Suggested by Mrs. Roosevelt

suggestion that citizens inform
themselves of the facts to the con-
crete proposal that lay committees
be formed which would work with
mediation boards.
AS a method of bringing facts to
light Mrs. Roosevelt suggested that
the lay committees be allowed to
attend mediation hearings.
An informed public opinion based
on facts, she declared, would be a
potent factor in the settlement of
strikes.
Mrs. Roosevelt denied that the
public generally blamed the strikes
on labor and asserted that a great
many people have no idea of the
facts"
She herself, she revealed, had
made up her mind on the reason
for the strikes in specific instances
where she had been able to get at
the facts. She declined to reveal
what strikes she had investigated
(See MRS. ROOSEVEI, Page A-4
Evening star., 1941-04-07
Radcliffe to Talk
| On Shipping Needs

Vital problems Of the Ameri.
can Merchant Marine in the pres
ent emergency will be discussed
tonight by Senator Radcliffe,
Democrat, of Maryland in the
National Radio Forum arranged
by The Star and broadcast over
a network of the National Broad.
casting Co. The program will be
heard locally over WMAL at
1880 o'clock.
As chairman Of the subcommit.
tee on merchant marine of the
Senate Commerce COMMITTEES,
Mr.. Radcliffe has taken a keen
interest in questions relating to
American shipping, just now
vital factor in national defense
and as an aid to Great Britain.
A long-range program for ex-
pandins the Merchant Marine al.
ready is under way, along with
an emergency program designed
to meet emergency conditions
growing out of the European war.
Evening star., 1941-04-07
BY MIRIAM GUTENBERG.

Lay committees in each COM
munity which would delve into the
facts behind strikes and present
them to the public were suggested
by Mrs. Roosevelt today as method
of winning labor peace.
She warned, however, against
groups of people who had made up
their minds before looking into the
situation.
When reporter at her press con-
ference suggested that in most
places where strikes are in progress
the whole community is lined up on
one side or the other, Mrs. Roosevelt
said she didn't see why people
couldn't be objective even if they
were sympathetic toward one side
or the other.
If people can't see both sides of
the picture, she added, hope for
democracy is pretty slim"
Under persistent questioning, Mrs.
Roosevelt advanced from general
Evening star., 1941-04-07
First Job Is 10 Clear
Albania Of Italians,
British Declare
Next Aim to Hold Allied
Territory Until Time
For 'FinuI Offensive
e, the Associated Press.

LONDON, April THE primary
objective of Britain's expeditionary
force in embattled Greece will be
to drive the Italians out of Albania,
after which it will seek to hold
Greece, Albania and part of Yugo-
slavia defensively until the time is
ripe for final offensive" informed
observers said.
When this time comes, they said,
Britain's "anti-invasion" army at
home will be ready to spring across
the English Channel to open a
second front against the Germans.
The presence in Greece of an
imperial British army of undisclosed
strength was admitted officially by
Britain for the first time yesterday
At the same time. it was announced
Britains air power there had been
reinforced.
The British earlier had reaffirmed
their promise of full support to
Yugoslavia.
A British statement today said
Britain welcomed Yugoslavia "as a
resolute and powerful ally" and
would fight on her side until right
has been vindicated and law and
justice are again enthroned."
The Foreign Office news depart
ment issued this text of the mes
sage Britain sent to Yugoslavia:
THE savage outrage committed by
Germany against Yugoslavia with
out the slightest provocation and
the valiant resistance of the Serbs,
Croats, and Slovenes ranges the
British empire upon the side Of
the Southern Slavs.
I'VE welcome them as a resolute
and powerful ally. We renew the
comradeship which in the great war
carried us through tribulation to
victory. We will conduct the war
in common and we will make peace
only when right has been vindi-
Gated and the law and justice are
again enthroned."
Legation Has No News.
The Yugoslav Legation said to-
day it had no news from Belgrade
and explained that it's only contact
with the Yugoslav capital was via
cable over roundabout route sub
ject to long delay.
Any dispatches which the gov
ernment had on the progress Of
fighting in the Balkans were kept
secret. Authoritative quarters also
declined to give any information
on the whereabouts of the rowing
diplomatic-military mission headed
by British Foreign Secretary An
thony Eden and Gen. Sir John
Dill, chief of the imperial staff.
Some sources said, however, that
quick developments might "clear up
the whole picture" in the Balkans
within the next two days.
One source said the British gov
ernment still was in communication
with the British mission in Yugo-
slavia.
Balkan dispatches began report
ing the arrival of British forces
at Greek ports last month and sub
(see LONDON, Page AID
Evening star., 1941-04-07
Britain 10 Withdraw
Mission From Hungary
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
LONDON, April THE British
government has decided to with
draw its diplomatic mission from
Hungary, Reuters, British news
agency. reported tonight.
The decision was reached, accord
ing to the agency's diplomatic cor
respondent, because Hungary has
become q base for operations
against the Allies"
The correspondent said Hungarian
Minister Barcza was called to the
foreign Office this afternoon and in
formed of the determination of the
British to withdraw Minister Owen
OMalley and his mission from
Budapest.
Evening star., 1941-04-07
Greeks Holding Nozi Offensive;
Reich Claims Troops Advance
Is to Is Miles Into Yugos|ovio
Croot Nationalist
Leader Pledges Duee
Followers Support

Br the Associated Press.
ROME. April 7.-Dr. Ante
Pavelic, Croat Nationalist lead
er, who was charged with plot
ting the assassination of Yugo-
slav King Alexander October 9,
1884, pledged Premier Mussolini
the support of his followers to-
day in a telegram from his
haven in Turin, Italy.
He expressed his eternal
gratitude" for Italy's move
against Yugoslavia, from which
he said he expected an inde-
pendent Croatian republic would
result.
DR.. Pavelic escaped trial
after the assassination of King
Alexander seven years ago at
Marseille, France, by fleeing to
Italy.
Evening star., 1941-04-07
Greek Army's Attempt
To Contact YugosIavs
Fooled, Italy Claims
Division Virtually Wiped
Out in Two-Doy Bitter
Fight, Stefoni Says
Ry the Associated Press.

Ry the Associated Press
ROME, April 7-Stefani. official
italian news agency, said today
Italian forces in Albania had baked
an attempt by the Greek Army to
make contact with Yugoslav forces
in two days of bitter fighting, vir-
tually wiping out an entire Greek
division of three regiments.
The Greek attack in the zone of
the Fascist 9th Army in Albania
has been halted by Italian infantry,
the agency said, with heavy losses
to the Greeks 1t was here, the
agency said, that the Yugoslav
Army had hoped to make contact
with the Greeks.
But the Italians counter attacked
and captured many prisoners and
much war materials in two days of
hard fighting.
The agency declared several
Croats deserted from the Yugoslav
Army and entered Italian lines.
British Forces Bombed.
The new situation created by
the Yugoslav coup d'etat found a
Fascist army operating in Albania
fully equipped and ready to carry
out VIGOROUSLY the duties assigned
it," Stefani said.
1t declared Italian squadrons had
dominated the enemy sky"
Several British motorized diyi-
sions were hit hard" by bombing
in the territory of the two Balkan
kingdoms, Stefani added.
The naval bases of Split and Cat
taro, an arsenal at Theodo near
Cattaro and an air base at Mostar
were bombed yesterday in the OPEN
ing of Italian hostilities against
Yugoslavia, the Italian high COM
mand announced.
The announcement said two steam
ers were sunk at Split and one at
Cattaro Harbor. Two destroyers
were reported hit, one in Cattaro
Harbor, the other at Theodo.
Meanwhile, the war bulletin said,
an enemy air force" bombed Scutari
in Albania.
1t was announced that the Italian
blows were to avenge Yugoslavia's
desertion of the axis.
Communications Restored.
Communications which were sus-
pended here yesterday as precau-
tionary measure were restored at
7 am. today midnight E. S. T.
Evening star., 1941-04-07

AluoV PiSPoAS'
There is more truth than humor
in this. Italy was not prepared for
this war and never would have
come in if Hitler had not persuaded
Mussolini that Britain, like France,
would capitulate. This is the first
reason for Italy's defeat. The
second reason is that Fascism as q
system made it impossible for the
army. the navy and the air corps
to function as armed services. They
became merely appendages of the
Fascist party and political instru-
ments.
Knowing Russia as I know Italy,
I marvel that the Communists get
more like the Fascists and the
Fascists more like the Communists
each day. Their ideologies, like
their systems, though different in
theory, prove essentially the same
in practice. 1t is my opinion that
neither can build an efficient mill
tary machine.
NaM Germany has built the
greatest military machine in his
tory, but I do not think that an
(see WHITAKER. Page AID
Evening star., 1941-04-07
British 'Chutist Shot
As Traitor by Italians,
bv The Associated Press.

Bv the Associated Press.
ROME, April 7.-One of the Brit
ish parachutists who landed in
Southern Italy in February was shot
in the back by firing squad at dawn
yesterday as a traitor after he was
identified as an Italian citizen, 1t
was announced today.
His name was given as Fortunate
Picchi, 44-year-old native of Car
mignano, near Florence.
The announcement disclosed the
parachutists had carried out acts
Of sabotage"
Evening star., 1941-04-07

CUIIIUIUIbP.
Although the Federal Government
should bear the cost of capital
Improvements here, the President,
it was said, believes that the munic-
ipal government should maintain
them thereafter at its own expense.
The delegation called on the Pres
ident primarily to seek his approval
of the Senate-approved Overton
bill which contains a formula for
fixing the amount of the annual
Federal payment toward expenses
of the municipal government. 1t
Evening star., 1941-04-07
Frederic William Vile
Dies Of Long Illness;
Burial 10 Be in Indiana
Fomous Newspopermon
And War Correspondent
Won Many Honors

Frederic William Vile, 81, one OF
this countrys most brilliant journal
lists, died at 1920 am. today at his
home, 1913 Sixteenth street NV,
after long illness.
Mrs. Vile, the former Ada Shak-
man, and their daughter, Helen
Isabel Vile, were at his bedside
when he died. He also is survived
by son, Frederic William Vile, I'd,
associated with the Young & Rubi-
cam Advertising Agency in New
York City.
He will be buried at a date to be
announced later in La Porte, Ind,
his birthplace.
Mr.. Wile's prominence dates from
the Boer War, which he covered
from London for the Chicago Rec
ord. at the same time Winston
Churchill was a correspondent in
South Africa. His last newspaper
job was an editorial for The Star
on March Is discussing the British
air offensive. He had long been i'll
then and his doctor three weeks ago
told him that he would have to sus-
pend all work.
Was Jailed by Germans.
His fascinating story is told in his
autobiography, News Is Where You
Find It." He gained wide fame at
the outbreak of the World War,
when he was representing the Lon
don Daily Mail in Berlin. German
officials jailed him as a spy when
he refused to leave Berlin, despite
his claim of immunity on the ground
of his American citizenship. He
sued the German government for
$1,000 because of the indignity and
collected the money.
In the q years since that spectac-
ular incident, Mr.. Vile had been a
colonel of military intelligence in the
A. E. F., pioneer radio news broad
caster and a lecturer, but the daily
newspaper remained his love to the
end. His signed columns and Wig
(See VILE, Page AID
Evening star., 1941-04-07

NEW YORK, April 7 (P).-Loring
Christie. former Canadian Minister
to the United States, is a patient
at Rockefeller Institute Hospital.
He was reported suffering from a
heart ailment, but hospital authori-
ties declined to discuss the nature
of his illness or its gravity.
Evening star., 1941-04-07

was understood. however. that the
entire financial problem of the
District growing out of the influx
here of thousands of defense workers
was canvaSsed. The President. it
was said by Senator Overton,
showed an amazing knowledge" of
local problems and conditions.
Senator Overton, who acted as
spokesman for the delegation. told
newspapermen after the conference,
which lasted for about 80 minutes,
(See FISCAL, Page A-2D
Evening star., 1941-04-07
President Backs Overton Plan
If u. S. Pays Building OutIoys
District Would Provide Maintenance
From Its General Revenue Fund
By JAMES E. CHM,

President Roosevelt disclosed today believes all of the
capital expenditures of the INSTRUMENTATION of municipal
buildings erection Of schools and other municipal services
should be borne by the Federal Government.
The President made known his conference with
Young
of louisiana and Chairman Randolph of the House District
Evening star., 1941-04-07
Foscism Makes Armed Services
Party Adjunct, Whitaker Says
Italy, Like Russia, Declared Unable
To Organize Efficient Military Machine
(Fourth of q Series
BY JOHN T. whitaker,

BEYOND THE ITALIAN FRONTIER is the difference
Italy this and in the ast? the Roman asks
heard the anecdoe before he
1914 prepared then fought finally made the arms
ce In 1e4O we made armsce then fought
Evening star., 1941-04-07


of Europe.
BY the Associated Press.
ATHENS, Greece, April T.
Short of men and arms, but long
on courage, Greek infantrymen
withstood fresh assaults of Ger
many's mechanical might today
in narrow Macedonian mountain
passes spotted with the wreckage
of 10 German tanks destroyed in
the first day of warfare.
A high command communique re-
ported the most furious fighting in
Struma Gorge, which was said to be
strewn with German dead as the
Greeks held doggedly to their de-
fenses against combined blows Of
the Luftwaffe and Nazi land forces.
With the motto "They shall not
pass" the Greeks stopped the Ger
man invasion with the loss of but
one fort, the high command an
nounced, although the Nazis gained
some ground in a day of "flercest
fighting"
Athens today had its second air
raid alarm since yesterday morning
and thousands stood in the streets
to watch a German plane race over
amid bursts of anti-aircraft fire.
No bombs fell.
Bodies Piled High.
A government spokesman said
bodies of Nazi dead were piled high
before Greek positions after the
German Palm Sunday invasion from
Bulgaria.
Savage air battles over the fight
ing ground troops today cost the
Germans at least II planes, it was
stated officially. Several others were
declared damaged
The newspaper Kathimerini said
an irregular band of Bulgarians
Joined in the battle this morning
against Greek forces in the noun
tains, but was captured.
King George, the Crown Prince
and VroWn Princess and Premier
Alexandros Korizis visited Piraeus
to look at the damage caused by
German air raid last night. The
King drove his own car through an
air raid alarm to the seaport.
Our Notifications, in spite of vio-
lent artillery shelling and dive bomb
ing of the enemy air force, have re-
sisted, with the exception of one
which fell after a particularly strong
attack" the high command COM
munique asserted. Some ground, it
added, was evacuated by Greek
forces "for reasons of operations
A formation of Hurricanes cruis-
ing over the Rupel Pass area in
Bulgaria yesterday shot down five
German MeSserSchmitt 109s, the
Royal Air Force announced, with
no British losses. One enemy"
plane was shot down over Athens.
The high command said the Greek
positions were defended only by
very small Greek forces" and
spokesman declared:
I'VE are fighting against forces 10
times superior, against mechanical
implements hundred times greater,
but our soldiers are holding fast,
even though German airplanes rage
over their heads"
zone report, from winston Bur-
det, C. B. S. correspondent at
Ankara, Turkey, said last night
the Greeks counter-attacked,
threw the German troops back
and at one point are on Bull
garian soil"
dispatches from Bern, Switz-
erland, said the Bulgarian army
of 300 900 was understood to have
joined the Germans in the assault
on Greece and later reports from
Bern yesterday said the Germans,
acknowledged tough resistance"
in the Struma Valley in their
drive into Greece
The German blow, evidently aimed
at the vital Greek port of Salonika.
fell at Sis am. yesterday Q0:15
pm, E. S. T. Saturday, as German
Evening star., 1941-04-07
Bottle Is Raging in
Valley of Strumo,
Athens Reports
BACKGROUND

BACKGROUND
Germany inuaded YugoSlapin
and Greece yesterday as Gilman
of several months OF Balkan
jockeying, during lUhich Germany
occupied Rumania and Bulgaria
and induced leaders OF former
YuooSlaU government to sign pact
NTH driS at Vienna. Government
overthrow in Belgrade brought to
head resistance to German dd-
Ddnce in Southeast Europe. Bri-
tain has been landing troops re-
Gently in Greece in preparation
for spread of war to that corner
of Europe.
Evening star., 1941-04-07

(See BERLIN, Page A-5)
Evening star., 1941-04-07
Christie Goes to Hospital

(See ROME, Page abb
Evening star., 1941-04-07

(See VILE, Page A-120
Evening star., 1941-04-07

(See INQUIRY, Page A-3)
Evening star., 1941-04-07

(See WHITAKER, Page A-21.)
Evening star., 1941-04-07

Clear tonight, lowest about AZ; tomor-
row increasing cloudiness, mild temper
ature. Temperatures today-Highest,
81, at 2 pm; lowest, 40, at 6:15 am.
From the United States Weather Bureau report.
Full Details on Page Az.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1941-04-24

ly in q social affair in which they
celebrated the anniversary Of the
founding Of the Odd Fellows or
ganization. A program was pre-
scented and lunch was served.
Attend Meeting
Mrs. Emil Polipnick and Mrs.
Dennis Mahigan attended the coun-
ty Home Demonstration meeting in
Albany Wednesday.
Miss Alverna Peterson
Bride OF Ronald Wiehoff-
In the quiet wedding ceremony,
April 18th, at ten o'clock, in st.
Boniface parsonage, Melrose, Miss
Alverna Peterson, daughter Of
Mr.. and Mrs. Herman Peterson, Of
Saua Centre, became the bride of
Ronad Wiehoff, of Melrose. Mr..
Wiehoff Is the son of Mr.. and Mrs.
Charles Wiehoff, of Melrose.
Miss Irene Spaeth, of Burtrum,
and Homer Lemn, of Melrose, were
attendants for the couple.
Inc bride wore a street dress or
powder blue with navy blue access
SORES. Her jewelry was a gold
locket, a gift Of the bridegroom.
She wore as her going-away outfit
a biege fur trimmed suit with navy
accessories.
Miss Spaeth wore a dress Of light
blue with biege accessories. Both
the bride and her attendant wore
identical corages Of tea roses and
sweet peas. Bridegroom and best
man wore suits of harmonizing
shades Of tan.
Mr.. and Mrs. Wiehoff left for
Duluth and other points in north
ern Minnesota and are at home in
Melrose after the early part of
this week.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1941-04-24
Pleasant Valley-Kandota

Mr.. and Mrs Oswald Winter were
Sunday dinner guests at the J. p.
Winter home.
Mr.. and Mrs. Marvin Becker and
family called at the c. M. Berry
home Friday.
Rev. Lawrence and Rev. Dahle
called at the A. H. Hendrickson
home Monday evening.
Mrs. Ella Christie called on Mrs.
Pat Thornbloom and little daugh-
ter, Patricia Dorothy, Friday after
noon.
Inga Steinoien, Of Osakis, Is
spending a few days at the home
Of her sister, Mrs. Jens Lying.
The Peder Erickson family and
Mrs. Sam Erickson visited at Ed
Johnson's Tuesday afternoon.
Mr.. and Mrs. Al Thielen drove
to Clotho Tuesday and visited at
the home Of Mr.. and Mrs. Leo Nc
Closkey.
Mr.. and Mrs. Joe Walter, Mr..
and Mrs. Mike Bosel and Mrs.
Katherine Wies visited Sunday eve
ming at Paul Winters.
A. H. Hendrickson left Sunday
evening for Madison, Wisconsin,
for few days.
Glen Trattles and Chas. Gibbs
were Sunday visitors at the c. M.
Berry home.
Mrs. Ella Christie and daughter,
Hazel, were dinner guests at the
Ben Hallerman home Monday noon.
Mr.. and Mrs. Peder Erickson Wis
tied at the home Of Mr.. and Mrs.
John Foss Sunday afternoon.
Mr.. and Mrs. AL Westbrock and
children motored to Freeport We'd
nesday evening and assisted Mary
Eynck in celebrating her birthday
anniversary.
Mr.. and Mrs. Ed Rosty, of Burt
rum, and August Lentz and Ray
Crowdy, Of Long Prairie, were
Sunday visitors at the VIM. Thorn
as home. =
Mrs. Sam Erickson returned
home from Albert Lea Monday eve
ming where she attended funeral
services held for Erick Erickson,
Thursday. April 10. Mr.. Erickson.
brother of the late Sam Erickson.
passed away April 7th.
Mr.. LATERAL. manager of the
Northwestern Bell Telephone Co..
called at Ben Hallerman's and R.
v. Plants Monday.