davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1941-10-28

the responsibility for protecting this
cargo shipping.
Stating confidently that the first
objective of our total defense" is to
stop Hitler" the President pre-
dicted that such result will be the
beginning of his downfall"
Sees 1918 as Proof.
"The facts of 1918" he cited by
illustration, ARE proof that a mighty
German Army and tired German
people can crumble rapidly and go
to pieces when they are faced with
successful resistance"
Pointedly, particularly in the light
of his appeal for religious crusade
against Hitler, Mr.. Roosevelt spoke
admiringly of the courage and en-
durance the full-fedged re-
sistance of the Russian people"
From America and Britain, he
went on, the Russian armies already
are receiving great quantities Of
essential supplies and sour help and
British help will have to continue" ="
AS in the case of most of his
recent utteraRces, the President took
occasion to pay critical attention to
"those few American citizens" who
will continue to insist that Hitler's
plans need not worry us-and that
we should not concern ourselves
with anything that goes on beyond
rifle shot of our own shores"
The address was broadcast through
out the world. g.
Evening star., 1941-10-28
Mediation Hearinq
Promised Soon in
Shipyard Strike
Union Says Company
Withdrew Wage Roise;
1000 WeIders Out
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
With interest centering on the
captive mines dispute, other develop
ments on the defense labor front
today were as follows:
The Defense Mediation Board
promised a speedy hearing In a c.
1. o. strike at the. Brooklyn yards
of the Robins Drydock & Repair
Co., where IA vessels are being over
hauled.
John Burge, regional director of
the union, said that the nub OF the
dispute was per cent wage in
crease, amounting to $4,000 a week.
which he said the company had
promised, then withdrawn. A COM
pany official said "the issue is one
of a closed shop"
The yard employs 5000 persons.
There was new trouble at the
Bendix IN. j. plant of Air Asso-
ciates, Inc, where a 25-day strike
apparently was settled Friday. The
C. I. o. United Automobile Work.
ers contended the company had
failed to abide by one of the terms
of the Observation-Disclosures Of
strikers whose jobs had been as
signed to new employees. Company
officials said they were trying to
carry out the agreement to put the
strikers back on the pay roll.
The company, which employees
about TOO, manufactures airplane
parts.
A one-day strike at the Chrysler
Motor Parts Corp, in Kansas City
ended when the strikers voted to go
back to work today The issue was
whether they should be represented
in collective bargaining by an A. F.
l.. or c. I. O. union. The National
Labor Relations Board declared the
company had a contract with an A.
F. L. union, and the men said they
would try to adjust their differences
with the board.
About 1000 men were idle in the
Pacific Northwest as a result OF a
Welders' strike in the Lake Washing
ton Shipyard at Houghton, Wash,
and the Seattle structural division
of the latter firm.
Increasing numbers were reported
returning to the Seattle plant OF the
Seattle Tacoma Shipbuilding Corp,
to the Tedd Seattle Dry Docks, Inc,
and the Associated Shipbuilders. all
OF Harbor Island They remained
opened yesterday despite picket lines.
Still closed. however, were the
Renton and Seattle plants Of the
Pacific Car & Foundry Co. and the
Isaacon Iron Works at Seattle
Evening star., 1941-10-28

Mr.. Morgan's great wealth is in
creasing from his profits on defense
orders Mr. Morgan has response
bility at least equal to my own. Mr..
Morgan should be asked to make a
contribution. I submit, Mr.. PreSi-
dent, that it is not unreasonable to
ask Mr.. Morgan's companies to ac-
cept the wage agreement approved
by the National Defense Meditation
Board, and accepted and signed by
other captive and commercial coal
companies in the Nation.
You know, Sir, that I am to meet
Mr.. Myron C. Taylor at 10 o'clock
Wednesday morning This is the
hour and the date fixed by him If
Mr.. Morgan will permit Mr.. Taylor
to accept the Appalachian agree
ment like all other coal operators.
then the business can be disposed of
in 10 minutes and coal production
resumed on Thursday. No impair
ment of defense production will
have taken place; but if the country
needs additional coal by reason of
such brief stoppage, will recon-
mend to the mine workers that they
make up the lost production by
working additional days each week,
until the lost production is regained.
In the interest of settlement,
would be glad. Mr. President, if you
concur, to meet with you and my
adversary, Mr.. j. P. Morgan, for a
fortnight discussion of the equities
of this problem.
Respectfully yours.
(Signed) JOHN L. LEWIS.
Evening star., 1941-10-28
Congress in Brief

TO-DAY.
Senate:
Continues debate On neutrality
revision legislation.
Special committee studies prob
lens of small business.
House:
In recess.
Banking Committee begins draft
ing price control bill.
Defense Migration Committee
hears Donald M. Nelson.
Evening star., 1941-10-28
Texts of Roosevelt, Lewis, Byrd Statements
U.M W. Head Tells President Output Isn't Impaired;
Virginia Senator Demands Outowing Of Defense Strikes
By tire Associated Press.

By tire Associated Press.
Letters were exchanged yesterday
between President Roosevelt and
John L. Lewis over the calling out of
$4,000 captive coal miners and a
statement came from Senator Byrd
Democrat, of Virginia, demanding
that the United States outlaw de-
fense strikes before Congress acts
on Neutrality Act revision.
The tert OF President RooSe-
Delt'S letter.
I am sorry that in your letter to
me early this afternoon you have
not replied to my request that. in
the interest of defense of our coun-
try, the captive coal mines be kept
running.
Whatever may be the issues be-
tweer you and Mr.. Taylor or you
and Mr.. Morgan, the large question
of adequate fuel supply is of greater
interest and import to the national
welfare. There is every reason for
the continuance of negotiations.
There is no reason for stoppage OF
work.
1t is, therefore, essential that the
mining of coal should go on with
out interruption.
For the third time your Govern
ment. through me. asks you and
the officers of the United Mine
Workers to authorize an imme-
diate resumption of mining.
Evening star., 1941-10-28
| Soviet Troininq
Reserve Army in
Eastern Siberia
Ry the Askociated Press.

KUIBYSEEV. Russia, Oct. 28.-
The Russians, while battling to hold
Moscow. Leningrad and Rostov, also
are preparing for the future by
training a reserve army far to the
rear in Eastern Siberia. a dispatch
from the Transbaikal military dis
trict said today.
These. reserve troops are being
taught under war conditions how TO
fight their way out of encirclements,
meet psychological attacks, destroy
parachutists and cooperate with
tanks-in short, how to meet all the
special problems Of the war with the
Germans.
In other respects, too, the Russian
rear is being prepared to prosecute
the war.
Other reports told of the collect
ing Of funds in Sverdlovsk Province
to build tanks.
Evening star., 1941-10-28
Senator Byrd Demands
Ban on Defense Strikes

The tert OF Senator Byrds
statement:
know of no more disgraceful or
humiliating episode in American
history that John Lewis action
closing the coal mines, essential to
the operation of the steel plants, all
with vital defense contracts. The
letter from the President to Mr.
Lewis is couched in such polite and
diplomatic language as TO be almost
abject in presenting his plea to Mr..
Lewis to keep the mines open.
Twenty-four hours after the le-
quest the mines were still closed, and
the President apparently had not
received the courtesy of reply John
Lewis knows the power of force and
despises weakness. Perhaps Lewis
would have responded more quickly
to demand in stronger, more en-
phatic and direct language.
I have repeatedly said on the floor
Of the Senate that John Lewis con-
siders himself stronger and bigger
than the Government of the United
States.
At Mercy of John Lewis.
During the process of the coal
strike in April, stated in the SEN
ate that the April strike placed the
country, in the future, at the mercy
of John Lewis. Coal reserves have
been depleted and subsequent events
have sustained my April statements
Thirty million tons of coal produc-
ton were lost in this strike. and il
was not certified to the National De-
fense Mediation Board by Miss Per-
kins, Secretary of Labor, until nearly
four weeks after its beginning.
So now 1t is in the power of Mr.
Lewis to close up as tight as a drum
every coal-dependent defense indus
try in America.
Even upon withdrawal of this ac-
ton by Mr.. Lewis. it still represents
the elimination of strike after strike,
delay after delay, that have sabo-
tagged our defense efforts for many
months. From January l, until now,
more than 100000 man-days have
been lost in defense strikes alone.
and these man-days lost are equiva-
lent to the time required to build
more than 1000 four-engine heavy
bombers, which could have been sent
to England to bomb Hitler when he
was engaged in Russia. Instead,
only about 40 have been sent. But
the actual man-days lost do not tell
the whole story, as the confusion and
disorganization incident to strikes
and threatened strikes reduce appre-
ciably the production capacity of
those plants where strikes have ex-
listed or have been threatened.
President Must Back Legislation.
We must recognize now that for
the Government to take charge of
the plants is not solution of the
strike problem, as this does not pre-
vent the constant recurrence of
other strikes Today, from informa-
ton sent me by the Army and Navy,
48 defense strikes are in existence,
and this number or more have been
in progress for many months. The
afternoon papers report that the
giant navy yards in Brooklyn are
closed down and that the ship yards
in the Los Angeles area have been
ordered to stop work
I introduced LEGISLATION in the
Evening star., 1941-10-28
John L. Lewis Letter
To President on Strikes

The tert of Mr.. Le,Uis letter
in phich he had rejected an
earlier request OF the President
tollo1US::
Sir:
Your letter at hand.
I have no wish to betray those
whom I represent. There is yet no
question of patriotism or natlonai
security involved in this dispute.
For four months the steel COM
panies have been whetting their
knives and preparing for this strug-
gle. They have increased coal stor-
age and marshalled all their re-
sources. Defense output is not I'M
paired, and will not be impaired for
an indefinite period. This fight is
ONLY between a labor union and
ruthless corporation-the United
States Steel Corp.
Miners Loyalty Reasserted.
Lest we forget, I reassert the 10y
atty of the members OF the United
Mine Workers of America as citizens
of our Republic This union gave
10000 of its members to the armed
forces of the United States in the
last World War. The per capita
purchases of war securities by its
members during that period exceed
ed those of any other segment OF our
national population. They are will
ing, when required, to make equal
or greater sacrifices in the future to
preserve the Nation and its free in
stitutions
If you would use the power of the
state to restrain me, as an agent OF
labor, then, sir, I submit that you
should use that same power to re-
strain my adversary in this issue,
who Is an agent of capital. My
adversary is a rich man named
Morgan. who lives in New York.
You are aware that twice on Sat-
urday 1 talked on the telephone with
Mr.. Taylor in New York; that l
urged he meet me on Sunday, so that
the mines could work Monday; that
Mr.. Taylor refused ito meet me on
Sunday or Monday or Tuesday, sug-
gesting a meeting Wednesday; that
Mr.. Taylor's reason was that the
Board of Directors of United States
Steel Corp. would meet Tuesday in
New York; that this Board of Di-
rectors would determine whether or
not Mr. Taylor, in behalf of the
corporation, would accept or reject
the Appalachian agreement when he
and I meet on Wednesday.
Is Members on Board.
There are sixteen members of the
Board of Directors of the United
States Steel Corp. Mr. j. P Morgan
is member of the board. Mr.. Nor
gan will decide what Mr.. Taylor will
do when he meets me Wednesday,
Evening star., 1941-10-28
'Speed-Up Of Defense
Output Urged by
S.P. 4. B. Chief
Nelson Says U. S. Is Just
Realizing Size Of Task.
Of Defeating Hitler
By the Associated Press.

BY the ASSOCIATED Press
Donald M. Nelson told Congress
today that many defense contracts
should be re-examined with a view
to increasing the speed of their
completion.
Testifying before the House COM
mittee investigating defense labor
migration, the executive director of
the Supply Priorities and Alloca tions
Board testified that in some in
stances, defense firms could be on
two or three shifts daily where they
now operate only one
That would increase their costs
and doubtless the second and third
shifts would not be as efficient" he
said. "but their contracts would be
readjusted to take care Of that"
knowledge of Needs Lacking.
Does that mean that you think
more defense contracts should be re-
examined with that end in vieW?"
asked Representative Sparkman,
Democrat. of Alabama.
"Yes, sir, I do" Mr. Nelson an.
swered.
He told the committee that the
Government was only now beginning
to ascertain the full magnitude Of
the task of seeing to it that Hitler
is locked"
Mr.. Nelson declared that "the one
thing lacking around here for the
last IA months is full knowledge
of what our requirements are
The President said last night our
lob is to see that Hitler is locked"
Mr.. Nelson said, but just how much
of a job that entails has never yet
been put on paper"
Army and Navy Cooperating.
He declared, however, that S. p.
A. B. now was getting full co-opera-
ton from the Army and Navy in
working out the exact needs and q
timetable for delivery-"how many
planes, how many tanks and how
many anti-aircraft guns we are
going to need"
Questioned as to whether the
conversion Of industry to defense
work had been as rapid as desired.
Mr.. Nelson replied in the negative
and added there has been too much
of the philosophy that we must buy
new tools for the job instead Of
adapting the old ones"
Evening star., 1941-10-28
Production Cut Seen
As j. :. Steel Heads
Are Called 10 Meetino
Mine Strike Problem
Faces Directors; Output
May Go Down 10 to 20%
BY the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, Oct. 28.-Confronted
by a steel production crisis due to
the coal strike, the directors Of
United States Steel Crop. were sum-
moned to their regular quarterly
meeting at pm. today.
Benjamin F. Fairless, president.
had said in advance operations by
subsidiaries in the Chicago, Youngs-
town and Pittsburgh areas would
have to be curtailed Immediately by
10 to 20 per cent because Of lack Of
coal.
Although the American Iron d
Steel Institute yesterday predicted
the Nations mills this week would
operate at 999 per cent of capacity
in the greatest output in history,
qualified authorities suggested to-
day this figure would have to be
revised downward radically and that
operators would be lucky II they
capacity
Irving s. Olds, chairman OF the
corporations board. had some time
ago called the directors, among
them J. P. Morgan, to the meeting
Mr.. Morgan yesterday characterized
as utter rubbish the charges
against him made by John L. Lewis.
president OF the United Mine
Workers Of America, who called the
strike of $1,000 workers in mines
owned by U. S. Steel, Bethlehem
Steel Corp, Republic Steel Corp,
Youngstown Sheet d. Tube Co., Ma
tional Steel Corp. Wheeling Steel
Corp. and Crucible Steel Co.
Mr.. Lewis asserted U. s. Steel
was dominated by rich man
named Morgan" and that he had
been unable to confer with Myron
c. Taylor. former U. S. Steel chair
man, until tomorrow, following to-
days board meeting
Cuba's foreign trade is now near
record level.
Evening star., 1941-10-28

Senate declaring strikes in defense
industries to be contrary to public
policy and as deserving Of the con-
demnation of Congress. This resolu-
ton was adopted by the Senate,
after long and heated debate, by
vote of 46 to 25. Not receiving the
support of the administration, it was
allowed to die in the House In this
emergency with greater and greater
powers being vested in the EXecu-
tive. it must be obvious to all that
constructive legislation to stop, and
stop quickly, strikes in defense in
dusries. can only be achieved with
the approval and support of the
President.
Mediation Board PowerleSS.
The longer forceful action is de-
layed, the greater will be our failure
to prepare ourselves and to send i'm
plementS of war to England, when
every hour, and, In fact, every min
ute, counts.
The present National Defense
Mediation Board. established by
Executive order. by the very terms
of its power, cannot be effective. 1t
can neither begin nor conclude. 1t
cannot even investigate strike un-
less Miss Perkins, the Secretary OF
Labor. gives it permission to do so.
nor can it enforce its decisions after
a verdict has been rendered.
No agency can be effective with
out the power in the original In
stance and without the power to
make operative its decisions. Miss
Perkins remains as Secretary of
Labor in the face of her proven in
competence and Nationwide
demand for her removal.
If we cannot meet at home the
challenges to our defense effort,
this, in itself. demonstrates our in
capacity to solve the problems Of
foreign nations. We have menaces
at home today as great or greater
than those abroad. and these home
menaces must be dealt with before
we can hope to cope with the
others
Ban on De1enSe StrlkeS.
Today the United States Senate
is debating legisla ZION which, in my
judgment, If and when enacted by
the Congress under existing condi-
tions, ultimately will make a total
and unlimited offensive shooting
war on the part of the United States
as inevitable as any human predic-
ton can be todav-a war that will
almost certainly involve America on
both the Atlantic and the Pacific
Oceans, and ultimately will mean
sending millions of American boys
in expedition forces to fight on
foreign soils.
AS a supporter, up to this date, of
the Presidents foreign policies, I
serve notice now that do not in
tend to consider voting for one
step leading us closer to war, except
in our own defense, so long as sound
and constructive measures are not
adopted stopping at once all strikes
in defense industries and removing
barriers of incompetence and ineff1-
cheney now permeating our defense
program.
Evening star., 1941-10-28
Damn the Torpedoes,
Quoted by President,
Forrogut Slogan
By the Associated Press.

President Roosevelt used in
his speech last night a historic
Navy slogan-"Damn the torpe-
does, full speed ahead"-to de-
scribe the Nations determina-
ton to deliver war supplies to
Axis foes.
Admiral Farragut, one of the
Navy's greats, fathered the ex-
preston in the heat of the bat
tie of Mobile Bay on August S,
1864.
AS Farragut's fleet moved into
the bay to reduce the Confeder-
ate land Notifications and the
vessels above them, one of his
ships was blown up when it
passed over a line of mines, then
called torpedoes, which the Con-
federates had used for harbor
defense.
When the advancing Union
men-o'-war wavered, Farragut
told the captain of his flag
ship, the Hartford: Damn the
torpedoes, full speed ahead"
The Confederate warships
we're destroyed, and the land
forts fell a few days later.
Evening star., 1941-10-28
Roosevelt
Continued From First Page.)

In the southern half of this hemi-
sphere, Mr.. Roosevelt asserted that
"the geographical experts of Berlin,
however, have ruthlessly obiterated
all existing boundary lines, and have
divided South America into five
vassal states, bringing the whole
continent under their domination.
And they have also arranged 1t
that the territory of one of these
new puppet states includes the Re-
public of Panama and our great life
line-the Panama Canal.
THAT is his plan" the President
interpolated here in his prepared
text. "It will never go into effect"
Contrary to some expectations,
Mr.. Roosevelt devoted only brief at
tention to the defense labor situa-
ton when he warned that the
production effort cannot be ham,
pered by the selfish obstruction OF
a small but dangerous minority OF
industrial managers who perhaps
hold out for extra profits, or for
business as usual or by the
selfish obstruction of a small but
DANGEROUS minority of labor leaders
who are a menace to the true cause
of Labor itself, as well as to the
Nation as a whole"
His loudest applause. of the
evening came at this point, however,
when he interpolated again during
an assertion that "our national will
must speak from every assembly
line" In obvious reference to the
captive coal mine strike, he added
here, "yes, from every coal mine
Repeatedly, as befitting the oc-
casion and background of his
speech, the President reaffirmed the
readiness of the American Navy to
defend the seas and the ocean sup
ply lines to Axis foes.
BY attack upon this Navy-the
destroyers Greer and Kearny-Mr.
Roosevelt declared that America
has been attacked - y the shooting
has started - history has recorded
who fired the first shot = all that
will matter is who fired the last
shot"
IT say" he added with a curt
grimness, that We do not propose
to take this lying down"
Commencing the action of Con-
gress thus far in repeating the
neutrality law ban on arming ships.
the President, without qualification
extended his recommendation for
revision of the law to include repeal
of the section authorizing creation
of combat zones.
"Our American merchant ships
must be free to carry our American
goods into the harbors of our
friends" he said, adding that the
American Navy. still operating under
c~7ors to shoot on sight. will have
Evening star., 1941-10-28
Flying Wedges Break
| WeIders' Strike at
| Seattle Shipyord
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
SEATTLE, Oct. 28-Forming
huge flying wedges, American
Federation of Labor men three
times led Lake Washington
Shipyards workers through a
welders' picket line at Houghton
to reopen the strike-closed plant
which employees 1.400 men on
$32 900 900 worth Of naval mine
laver contracts.
Two fist lights were stopped
by State patrolmen. An A. F. L.
public address system blared to
drown the cries of pickets plead
ing with the men not to return
to work.
At least 90 per cent of the
employees were reported back on
the job.
Evening star., 1941-10-28
Planes Sink Two Ships
OF British Coast,
Germans Claim :
Another Vessel Reported
Severely Damaged in
Attack on Convoy
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
BERLIN, Oct. 2S.-Nazi air raiders
struck again at shipping of the
British east coast yesterday and last
night. sinking two vessels totaling
IL 900 tons and damaging another
severely, the high command an
nounced today.
The daily war bulletin also de-
clared that the British lost 13 planes
yesterday in operation over the Eng
lish Channel and along the Neither
lands coast, but mentioned no Ger
man losses.
The two vessels listed as sunk were
said to have been part of a strongly
protected convoy which was attacked
in daylight of Great Yarmouth
The third ship was said to have been
struck of the North Sea port Of
Bridlington.
No attempt was made by the
British to raid Germany again dur
ing the night, the high command
said.
CThe British said bad weather
caused an overnight lull in the
air war;
ROME. Oct. % OP).-British bomb
ers killed three persons. wounded II
and damaged several houses IN a
raid yesterday on Bengasi, Axis-held
Libyan City, the italian command
said today.