davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1941-06-19
New British WEAPON

In view Of the destruction caused
by the Nazi Luftwaffe, and the GER
tainty that an air attack would be
the Spearhead of any German at
tempt to invade and conquer the
British Isles, the recent disclosure
that the British have invented
radio locator capable of spotting enc
my planes in fog or darkness is
clearly a development of great po-
tential Importance in Britain's bat
tie to win mastery of the skies. The
new instruments already have been
used with notably successful results
in guiding Royal Air Force fighters
in many an aerial battle, and they
are credited with playing a leading
part in securing for the r. A. F. day.
time supremacy over England since
October.
For military reasons, the details of
the method of operation have not
been revealed According to Air
Chief Marshal Sir Philip Joubert,
newly appointed commander in chief
of the Coastal Command air forces,
the new device is based on widely
known principles of physics. Through
the airplane locator, with its radio
"eyes," the R. A. F. is now able to
detect approaching enemy aircraft,
in time to permit fighters to take
the air, and prepare for battle. This
is a great advantage fCr the defend
ing forces.
Though range finders and other
new instruments have increased the
value of anti-aircraft batteries, until
recently the British have been un-
able to spot Nazi bombers, at night
and in foggy weather, sufficiently in
advance to make it possible for r.
A. F. fighters to meet them in COM
bat before the invaders reached their
inland or shore objectives. If the
new weapons prove as effective, in
the critical months ahead, as British
experts believe they will, Nazi inva-
sion hopes will be dealt a severe
blow, and Britain's defenses against
air attack on her cities, industries
and her civilian population will be
correspondingly strengthened.
To secure further improvements,
and wider use Of the new device,
Lord Beaverbrook, Minister Of State,
Evening star., 1941-06-19
Considers Economic Effect
OF Scattering Government Agencies.
To the Editor Of The Star:

To the Editor OF The Star
There are several aspects to the pro-
position of moving non-defense agencies
out of Washington that, to my mind
merit serious consideration.
On the face of it, moving people out
Of Washington obviously makes room for
people coming into Washington, but,
when analyZed, it does not do in actual
practice what the theory suggests.
In the first place permanently estab-
nshed, homecoming, taxpaying en-
ployes would be uprooted to make way
for emergency personnel Of few years
residence at the most. 1t is to be taken
for granted that cross section of the
outgoing population would be Of higher
bracket salaries than cross section Of
the incoming population. Not only
would permanent residents be sacrificed
for transient ones, but these lower
saiaried tranSients could not take over
the houses, or even many of the apart
ments, vacated by those of 10 to 25 years
in Government service, who have worked
up to their present wages.
The home owners, who have been
given every inducement by the Govern
ment to become owners, would face the
necessity of sacrificing those hard
earned homes to people unable to pay
reasonable rent for them or to take
them over at a proper price. Then,
after the emergency of few years, what
of economic conditions in our Capital
City? A city of renters left high and
dry but, worse yet, thousands of de-
preciated, privately owned homes
vacated or sacrificed on the altar of
unpaid mortgages.
In the last emergency thousands
made down payments of $500 or 81 900,
never intending to complete purchases
just charging the deposits to rent for the
duration and moving out at the end.
What relief does the Government
plan to give to higher-salaried man Of
non-defense organization when it
moves him out of his $4,000 home Ito
put it low that is, say, three quarters
paid for, leaving him an equity of
$1,000 in it? Will it guarantee him q
purchase price that will be commen-
surate with his outlay on the property
or a rental sufficient to assure him a
reasonable return on his money? Will
it take over his property, when the
exodus sets in at the end of the emer-
gency, at figure that would cover his
loss due to the necessity Of his vscating
his property few years before? That is
a very serious matter to thousands Of
permanent employees of non-defense
agencies right now.
In view of this, one naturally wonders
if the thousands coming into Govern
ment service might not be reduced, by
at least an appreciable percentage, if
each new arrival was given work he is
most fitted for-quality invariably re-
duces quantity. Reallocation of other
thousands already here would help i'm
measurably. Appointments primarily in
the interest of defense instead of politics
should be and we trust are, the rule.
c. M.
Evening star., 1941-06-19
The Space Problem

In view of President Roosevelt's S
statement that Government heads
believe decentralization of some
agencies here may be the only solu-
tion for the space problem created
by the defense program, peril
nent question presents itself:
Why should not an overall sur
vey of the executive establishments
be made before such step is con-
sidered, to determine if there are
functions which might be curtailed
or dispensed with during the period
of the emergency, thereby creating a
new reservoir of defense personnel
and at the same time providing addi-
tional room for the more pressing
needs of the Government?
1t is being continually impressed
on private industry that business
as usual" has passed out of the
picture for as far into the future
as any one can see. but there has
been no sign of an attempt to apply
the same principle in the Govern
ment itself. Since the defense pro-
gram was launched in May of last
year, employment here has increased
by more than 41,000, to raise the
executive force to nearly 173,000 on
the basis of April figures, and while
most of the growth has, OF course,
been due to the preparedness effort,
the fact that it is in evidence in
virtually every agency indicates
rather clearly that the costly ex-
pansion which started eight years
ago continues unchecked, despite
the turn the country's affairs have
taken.
The latter point was raised by
Evening star., 1941-06-19
Friendly Uruguay

One OF the most heartening de-
velopments in Pan-American rela-
tions is the announcement that the
Uruguayan government is preparing
a formula under which, "in defense
OF the interests of democracy" any
Western Hemisphere nation warning
with a country outside the hemi-
sphere would not be considered
belligerent.
A moments reflection will show the
Importance of such formula in case
the United States becomes involved
in war with the Axis powers. Under
the ordinary rules of neutrality,
those Latin American nations which
did not themselves declare war
against the Axis would be obliged to
debar our warships and planes from
the use of their ports and air bases.
This would place us at a distinct
disadvantage in protecting the West
ern Hemisphere below the Caribbean
in the Atlantic and Panama in the
Pacific.
Neutrality has been the watchword
OF all those elements in Latin Amer
lea which oppose united Pan-Ameri-
can action in the present emergency,
including, of course, those elements
which favor the policy as a cloak for
their pro-Axis sentiments. German
trumphs in Europe during recent
months have given these elements
fresh talking points against hemi-
sphere cooperation. This has been
especially true in Argentina, and also
in Brazil and Chile to lesser extent.
1T is at this crucial moment that
the government of Uruguay has
stepped forward with proposal to
implement the principle of hemi-
sphere cooperation in highly
practical way. If it is generally
adopted, our defense of the western
Hemisphere against the Axis will not
be hindered by legal technicalities.
Furthermore, the indications are that
Uruguay will adopt this policy, re-
gardless of what its neighbors may
do. This would give us naval and
air bases in the southern half of our
sister continent which would be 80
vital to hemisphere defense.
AS far back as last autumn, the
Uruguayan government offered the
United States such facilities, includ-
ing use of the harbor of Montevideo,
Uruguay's capital and metropolis.
This, in turn, was a repetition Of
Uruguayan policy in the Great War,
a generation ago, when the United
States was granted full naval facili-
ties. Uruguay thus has behind it
long record of consistent friendliness
and appreciation Of hemisphere soli-
darity.
Evening star., 1941-06-19
Praises Lester +. Ward
On Centenary of His Birth.

To the Editor of The Star:
Please grant me space to express my
deep appreciation Of the great American
sociologist and philosopher, Lester F.
Ward, born 100 years ago (June Is, l84l) .
OF Ward it may truly be said: "The
great man, the man whom nature has
created and reared up in grand style,
what is such mani"
In his general course of action, his
consistency is so broad that owing to its
very breadth it can be surveyed only
with difficulty. He is cold, hard, free
from the fear of public opinion. In his
dealing with men, his one aim is to
make something out of them
The great man is conscious of his
power over people. His object is to
model the man of the future by dis
cipline.
Ward was big man physically and a
giant mentally. Yet he was a very
tender-hearted person. His personality
combined the intellectual and the
emotional in just the right proportions.
The other day, while spending some
time at the Congressional Library,
found a very inspiring and compre-
hensive volume on Ward. This book,
'The American Aristotle" by Samuel
Chugerman is the most appreciative
tribute that have found to date.
Though Wards works are not known
to many, the truths which they express
are evident in our national life today.
This is especially true as America girds
for the great effort of national defense.
Although many look on war as world
evil, the social progress necessitated by
an effort of this type will be lasting in
its results. We have noted the changes
which have taken place in England.
I believe Ward will always live in the
hearts of men. AS time goes on an
ever increasing number will learn OF his
great books and profit by his teaching
JOHN w. BADLY.
Evening star., 1941-06-19

has issued a call for a volunteer
army of thirteen thousand techni-
clans. His appeal. which has drawn
the veil from a carefully guarded
wan secret, plainly indicates that
the British intend to place in opera
ton thousands of the airplane loca-
tors. There is reason to hope that
Britain's new weapon will help to
give the r. A. F. command of the
skies, and prepare the way for a
final British victory over the Axis.
Evening star., 1941-06-19

@. What is the largest Army camp in
the United States?-E. P. C.
A. Fort Bragg, N. c., with an area of
10000 acres, and population of $1,000
officers and men is the largest Army
camp in the country.
@. Why are Parker House rolls so
caued?-I. M F.
A. The Parker House roll takes its
name from the Parker House in Boston,
where this particular type of hot bread
was first served.
@. What State has the largest ratio
of cars to population?-L. S. M.
A. California leads with one car to
every 2 7/10 persons.
@. How many German soldiers con-
stitute division?-M. p.
A. There are l4,0O0 soldiers in a divi-
sion in Germany.
@. Who discovered Rio de Janeiro9-
r. F. H.
A. Rio de Janeiro was discovered on
January l, 1902, by the Portuguese
navigator, Goncalo Coelho.
@. What is the inscription over the
Grove Street Cemetery Gate at New
Haven, Gonna. r. S.
A. This beautiful gate, designed by
Henry Austin, bears the words The
Dead Shall Be Raised"
@. When did william Allen White
write his famous editorial on Kansas
w. T.. N.
A. whats the Matter With Kansas"
appeared in the Emporia Gazette on
August Is, 1896.
@. What is the religious afiliation OF
Bernarr Macfadden, the editor and pub
isher?-C. S. F.
A. Mr. Macfadden is affiliated with
the Unitarian Church.
@, How high is the tallest suspension
bridge in the world?-T. H. S.
A. The floor of the bridge which spans
the Royal Gorge, the canyon of the
Arkansas River, is 1858 feet above the
bed of the river.
@. What caused the death Of Sir
Francis Bacon?-C. T. H.
A. Bacon died in 1926 as the result
of cold caught during an experimental
ton on the refrigeration of fresh meat.
@. What percentage of students COM
plete their high school educatien?-
D. c. B.
A. According to the United States
Office of Education, Sc per cent of high
school students graduate.
Evening star., 1941-06-19
Police Inquiry

49, NSSANAA4S w dPPo1lt cpCNAc1
board to investigate the Metropolitan
Police Department from top to bot
tom," the Commissioners undoubted-
ly were moved by considerations
beyond those related to the recent
series Of unsolved major crimes in
Washington. Only recently, in its
fifth annual report on crime in the
Nations Capital, the Washington
Criminal Justice Association, a re-
liable fact-finding body sponsored by
leading citizens, summed up its anal
ySiS of police and court statistics for
1910 thus: LAS long as only one out
of every three adult offenders is ap-
pretended by the police and one out
of five is actually found guilty by the
court, the machinery of criminal JUS
tice in Washington would seem to be
functioning inadequately." The re-
port showed that only slightly more
than one-third of the 5,961 felonies
reported to police last year resulted
in actual solutions. In fifty murders
committed here last year, forty-six
arrests were made but only ten con-
victionS were obtained, with fourteen
other cases listed as pending before
the grand jury or the courts.
The association and many other
civic groups agree that the Police
Department has been seriously hand
icapped by insufficient funds for per-
sonnel and equipment. During the
past ten years only eighty-two men
were added to the police force, al
though the population of the city
increased nearly 100000. But the
citizens of Washington have a right
to know that they are getting the
lest possible service from the exist
ing force, whether it be large or
small. The Commissioners well
might direct its board to ascertain
whether standards of personnel
are as high as they should be,
whether adequate training Is pro-
vided, whether modern police meth
ods are used and whether, in view
OF its own limited facilities, full ad-
vantage is being taken of the Fed
eral Bureau Of Investigations stand
ing offer Of free laboratory service
and instruction in latest crime de-
lection techniques. In connection
with the F. B. I. offer of co-opera-
ton, records indicate that only one
Washington police officer, Capt.
Harvey Callahan, has taken the in
tensive course provided by the F. 3. I.
National Police Academy, although
other police departments clamor for
the opportunity to send picked men
to this nationally recognized institu-
ton. Local police have made only
infrequent use of F. B. I. laboratory
services, it is said. A thoroughgoing,
impartial inquiry into all the fac
tors that may bear on police eff
cheney should result in constructive
recommendations that will benefit
not only the police, but the whole
community-for the reputation of
Washington is at stake in this mat
ter OF good or bad law enforcement.
Evening star., 1941-06-19

1t was i've years ago. in the last week
of May and the first two weeks OF June,
that the "l7-year-locusts," really cicadas,
visited us.
1t will be the year 1853, or thereabouts,
that they will appear again.
What will the world be like, then3
And how many of us will be here to see
and hear the curious insects, among the
true wonders of a vast and incompre-
hensible nature?
Our recollection of the cicadas is one
Of amazing interest.
There is nothing which has happened
in the natural world which has intrigued
us quite so much.
Wars, and rumors of wars, are not
occurrences of the natural world, as SUCH
They are only the results of curious
misapplication of psychology by man.
He has misused wonderful inventions
all along
He has made tank out of an auto
mobile; dive bomber out of the air.
plane, and a mess out of his world.
~
The locuStS, as most persons called
them, were serenely triumphant.
They went about their business of
coming into the light in such sure.
even way, with no thought of harming
anything else.
1t is true that there was a great deal
OF complaint about them.
People begrudged them few trees,
when all the time the forest fires were
destroying millions Of times as many
trees.
In fact, it was questionable whether
the cicadaS did any real harm.
All those little holes they drilled in
the ground seemed rather terrifying to
some observers. They thought they ate
the roots. II they did, which also was
questionable, they did little harm, in
comparison with the damage done by
droughts.
1t was their triumphant roar which
intrigued us most.
There was a marvellous collection of
them at East Kirke street and Brookville
road.
In the hot afternoons it was satisfying
to musical ear to go by there and
listen to the song of the cicadas.
How it Swelled out, and then died
away, and roared out again and died,
and went on this way until dark.
Like birds, the "locusts" kept quiet
in the dark
They, too, went to bed with the
chickens.
They were up early, however, crying
their odd song to the skies.
Birds feaSted on them.
Communities with mulberry trees,
whose fruits the birds ate so that few
persons ever saw the berries, now saw
plenty of them, since all the birds we're
eating cicadas.
Evening star., 1941-06-19
Believes Germans Misused
Brains" and Other Assets.

The Germans have always walled
about their helpless impotence since the
war, etc. If one fraction of the brains,
energy, persistence and resource they
show in this present total war against
the civilized world had been put into the
fulfillment of their obligations in the
peace, Germany would have already
found her place again as one of the
loved and respected nations of the world.
But the truth seems to be that her will
is for war, not for peace; for domination,
not collaboration; for hate, not for good
will.
KATHARINE HAYDEN SALTER.
Madison, Wis.
Evening star., 1941-06-19
Navy Traffic Problem

1t does not require protracted in
vestigation to show the seriousness
of the transportation problem con-
fronting Navy Department employees.
Present public transport facilities
plainly are inadequate to handle eX-
peditiously the thousands of workers
in the defense Offices along COnSti-
tuition avenue and this condition I'M
doubtedly forces hundreds of en-
ployeS to use private automobiles
instead of buses and Streetcars. The
widespread use of private cars, in
turn, creates a demand for parking
space within reasonable walking dis
tance of offices. And, with space
already restricted the recent clos
ing of the parking area in the rear
of the Navy Building-made neces-
sary by construction of an addition
has aggravated an already veXatious
condition.
While District buses run directly
to the Constitution avenue agencies,
employees who live in many Virginia
and Maryland communities are not
so fortunate. For example, residents
of Arlington must go nine blocks to
board buses headed for suburban
sections along Lee Highway or Wilson
Boulevard. AleXandrianS must walk
five blocks. Patrons Of the Seat
Pleasant line must go nine blocks.
In inclement weather, taXiS are in
demand, but few are available when
most needed-due partly, it is said,
to restrictions governing their use
on Constitution avenue. And Navy
employees complain that when the
rush hours are at their height, it is
exceedingly difficult for. private cars
or taXicabS to take on or discharge
passengers at the curb, as most of
the available space is occupied by
buses.
In view of these conditions, Navy
officials are thoroughly justified in
urging that some remedy be found
forthwith for their transportation
difficulties. But the remedy does not
lie in Transforming important park
areas into temporary automobile
parking lots that are likely to at
tain permanent status. The White
hurst proposal for fringe" parking
lots, served by special feeder buses
operating to and from Government
buildings, offers promise of cure for
at least some of the parking troubles
experienced by Federal workers. In
the meantime, the transportation
worries of many Navy employees who
live in Virginia would be greatly re-
lieved if Arlington buses were per-
mitted to operate over the Memorial
Bridge. The Virginia State Corpora
ton Commission already has ap-
proved a proposed Memorial Bridge
route, and the plan now is under
consideration at the Interstate Com
merce Commission If Federal per-
mission is granted for such a route,
the mass transportation of employees
across the Potomac River would be
Immediately facilitated, with conse-
quent salutary effects on downtown
traffic in general. 1t was not con-
templated. in the beginning, that
the Memorial Bridge should become
merely another route for commercial
traffic. But until new bridges are
constructed, existing conditions may
force use of the Memorial Bridge to
accommodate the rapidly increasing
traffic across the river.
Evening star., 1941-06-19
Discusses Concessions TO Japan
And Attitude toward Vichy.
~. ~. rd,@or ~ r.. atsr.
To the Editor Of The 81

What a spectacle of timidity or in
sincerity Is made by certain aspects of
our foreign policy! On the one hand,
we condemn Vichy for being subservient
to pressure from Berlin and for con-
tinually making new concessions to
Hitler. With all of this am in accord.
On the other hand, I fail to see the
logic or the consistency of our Govern
ment's policy when it yields to japanese
pressure, under pleas Of need to meet
Japan's demand for oil, scrap iron, etc.
Evening star., 1941-06-19
Asks About Minority
And Participation In War.

10 the Editor Of The Star:
Despite the fact that the American
people are overwhelmingly opposed to
war, as revealed by the latest polls, are
we to permit . relatively small group Of
politicians to force US into the foreign
inferno? We are not in the war as yet
and attempting to clamp the lid on free
speech Il not consistent with true con-
cepts Of democracy. The Senate and
House are stuffed with robots who are
not hearkening to the will of the people
but to their Masters Voice"
Liberty Bell, It's time to ring anewi
DMUND K. GOLDsBoRoUGH.
Evening star., 1941-06-19
Letters to the Editor

Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address OF
the z0riter, although the use OF
a pSendony17l for publication is
permissible. The Star reSerUeS
the right to edit all letters Nth
q UieD to condensation.
Evening star., 1941-06-19

Care of the Feet-Hot weather
causes the feet to swell and burn,
and when your feet hurt you hurt
all over. Nothing is more impor-
tant to your comfort than the
proper care of your feet. Get this
authoritative publication contain
ing general information on treat
ment of foot ills, foot hygiene and
simple forms of exercise that will
strengthen and relieve your feet.
To secure your copy of this book
let inclose 10 cents in coin,
wrapped in this clipping, and mail
to The Star Information Bureau.
Name
Address
Evening star., 1941-06-19

@. Is it possible TO photograph a
mirage?-J. D.
A. An optical illusion. known as a
mirage, can be photographed. This has
been done many times.
@. How many people are represented
by each member of the House of Repre-
sentatives?-M. J. NJ.
A. On the average, each member OF
the House of Representatives represents
more than 100000 persons.
@. Which of Beethovens symphonies
Is tribute to Napoleon?-E. M.
A. Beethoven's Eroica Symphony was
inspired by Beethovens admiration for
Napoleon as republican and intended
as a tribute of homage to the hero of
the day. 1t was finished in 1904.
@. Do life insurance companies have
to pay many death claims on policies
that have been in force less than
year?-M. T. E.
A. In 1910. insurance companies paid
out S32 800 900 in death claims on 65 500
policies which had been in force less
than a year.
Evening star., 1941-06-19

O. Did the late Kaiser advocate war
against Soviet Russia?-H. D. S.
A. In letter to Poultney Bigelow. .
friend Of many years standing, the
Kaiser wrote early in 1910 that nations
of Europe should end their wars and
join in a united assault on the Soviet
Union"