davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Western news. [volume] (Libby, Mont.) 1933-current, 1941-04-03
IWhot Is Provided in
the bill of Rights

We Americans have heard great
deal all our lives about the Bill
of Rights Probably few of us
know, except in vague way. what
they are. To enlighten most of US
at a time when the great worth of
liberty is being re-examined, we
print below the bill of Rights as
provided in the ten original amend
ments to the Constitution of the
United States, in force December Is,
1871. Here are the ten amendments,
or the Bill of Rights:
Article /. Congress shall make no
law respecting an establishment of
religion, or prohibiting the free ex-
ercise thereof, or abridging the free
dom of speech, or of the press, or
the right of the people peaceably to
assemble, and to petition the Gov
eminent for redress of grievances.
Article II. A we'll regulated mi
litia, being necessary to the security
Of free State, the right of the peo-
pie to keep and bear arms, shall not
be infringed.
Article III. No soldier shall, in
time of peace, be quartered in any
house without the consent of the
owner; nor in time of war, but in a
manner to be prescribed by law.
Article w. The right of the peo-
pie to be secure in their persons.
houses, papers, and effects, against
unreasonable searches and seizures,
shall not be violated, and no war
rants shall issue, but upon probable
cause, supported by oath or affirm
alton, and particularly describing
the place to be searched, and the
persons or things to be seized.
Article V. No person shall be held
to answer for capital, or other
wise infamous crime, unless on a
presentment or indictment of .
grand jury, except in cases arising
in the land or naval forces, or ir
the militia, when in actual service
in time Of war or public danger
nor shall any person be subject fol-
the same offense to be twice put ir
jeopardy of life or limb. nor shall
be compelled in any criminal case tt
be witness against himself, nor BIZ
deprived of life, liberty, or property
without due process of law; MOI
shall private property be taken fol
public use without just compensa
ton.
Article vi. In all criminal prose
cutions the accused shall enjoy tn,
right to a speedy and public trial
by an impartial jury OF the Stat,
and district wherein the crime shall
have been committed, which distric
shall have been previously ascer
tanned by law, and to be informed
OF the nature and cause of the &C
cusation, to be confronted with tn.
witnesses against him; to have com
pulsory process for obtaining wit
nesses in his favor, and to have tn,
assistance of counsel for his defense
Article VII In suits at common
lazy, where the value of controversy
shall exceed twenty dollars, tn.
right Of trial by jury shall be pre-
served; and no fact tried by jur,
shall be otherwise re-examined IL
any court Of the United States, thar
The McDowell times. [volume] (Keystone, W. Va.) 1904-1941, 1941-01-24
DEFENSE:
Parties Split

Congress debated President Roose-
velt's plan to loan or lease NUM-
tons of war to Great Britain. Party
lines were broken and politics for
gotten both by political leaders in
congress and through the nation.
Leading the attack against the
bill within congress was Senator
Wheeler 3D., Mont.). Former Presi-
dent Hoover and former Gov. ALT
M. Landon, the G. o. P. standard
bearer in 1886, lined up behind him.
But President Roosevelt had the
support of Wendell L. Willkie, who
ran against him last fall. And in
the senate he was supported by Sem
ator Austin (R., Maine). Willkie sug-
gested several changes in the meas
ure, however. He proposed that a
time limit be fixed during which
the President will have exceptional
powers to deal with embattled de-
mocracies. He also proposed that
the nations to be given help be
named in the bill.
Administration senator's were
quick to adopt the view. AS the pro-
posal moved into house and senate
hearings, amendments were added
to carry out the Willkie suggestions.
Meanwhile Willkie and three of his
The McDowell times. [volume] (Keystone, W. Va.) 1904-1941, 1941-01-24
WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS
BY Edward C. Wayne
Battle Scene Shifts to Mediterranean
AS Nazis Bolster Fading Italian Army;
Willlxie Backs FDR on Lease-Lend Bill;
u. S. Navy Split Into Three New Fleets

EDITORS NorE-when S1:n. they
leasedby Union
The McDowell times. [volume] (Keystone, W. Va.) 1904-1941, 1941-01-24
HELP TO ITALY:
Germans Take Ouer

Mussolini began to slip. In Egypt
the British bombed him out of the
air while on the ground his troops
were retreating farther and faster
westward until it seemed as though
all OF eastern Libya would be lost to
the Fascist empire. The Greeks
were threatening the last line of re-
slstance in southern Albania and
there wasn't much for the Italians to
fall back on after that.
More and more it became appar-
ent that the Duce's Axis partner
would be forced to send German
troops to extract the Italians from
the tangled mess. Even the Italian
home front began to crackle, per-
maps the first rumble of revolution.
Benlto Mussolini was being referred
to as Finite Mussolini.
Only German planes appeared, at
first piloted by Italians. The planes
were sent to Albania. After that fol-
lowed German "instructors'' to
teach the Italians how to fight in the
air. Finally all pretense was dropped
and Germans began to arrive in
numbers, taking over Italian bases.
We're the Germans invading Italy?
Perhaps not. Maybe it was only a
case of holding Italy in protective
custody" Be that as it may, when
Germans took up the battle them
selves, Italy could no longer be con-
sidered an equal partner in the
Axis. The Germans don't work that
way. They dominated the fight.
Mussolini needed their help and
could get it only on the German
terms.
Mediterranean Var
The Germans frst attackscame ii,
the Mediterranean, off Catalina.
Here the inland sea narrows down
to a slight channel between Sicily
and the North African mainland.
Through this channel must flow all
British supplies and reinforcements
to Greece and Egypt.
A large convoy was passing
through the channel escorted by the
royal navy, including the 23,OOO-ton
cruiser Southampton. Nazi dive
bombers appeared in force and what
is believed to be the first battle ever
fought between war vessels and air
craft took place. The British admit
both war vessels were hit. The
Italians claim more were damaged.
The battle ended at nightfall and
the British ships made harbor. But
the Germans sailed forth the fol-
lowing day and continued raids on
British Shinnino in tho Madifar
ranean for the five days. They said
The McDowell times. [volume] (Keystone, W. Va.) 1904-1941, 1941-01-24

Hitler has described his:
THAT Is no vision of a distant
millennium. 1t is a definite ba-
sis for kind Of world attainable
in our own time and generation.
That kind of world is the very
antithesis Of the so-called new
order Of tyranny which the die
tators seek to create with the
crash of bomb.
ITO that new order we oppose
the greater conception the
moral order. A good society is
able to face schemes of world
domination and foreign revolu-
tons alike without fear"
Admirer of Wilson.
1t must be remembered that
Franklin Roosevelt is "a great ad-
mirer of Woodrow Wilson. We have
forgotten what tremendous follow
ing President Wilson'S ideas had for
a short time among the peoples of
Europe. We only recall now how
tragically his plan failed.
l recall very well the tremendous
ovations Wilson was given in Europe.
am certain that Keynes is right
when he says that the peoples (not
the governments) Of Europe 40.
knowledged Woodrow Wilson mot as
victor only but almost as a
prophet"
AS I said, the world has forgotten
this. But Franklin Roosevelt has
not. It Is within the realm of rea-
son that he feels, having lived and
studied these chapters Of history
that he may be able TO avoid che
pitfalls Of the past and succeed
whore Woodrow Wilson tailed a {
world leader,
The McDowell times. [volume] (Keystone, W. Va.) 1904-1941, 1941-01-24
Latuion Minisfsr
Retains HE Post

Alfred Bilmanis has moved.
That was not highly important
news in the diplomatic chancelleries
of the world, although DR.. Bilnanis
Is, according to our records, min
lister plenipotentiary to the United
States from Latvia. But 1t will be
Of interest to more than one reader
of this column who has drunk lem
onade In the Latvian legation in
Washington, and trooped up the
to look upon the marvellous maiden
Of wax in her gay peasant costume
and great amber necklace.
For Alfred Bilmanis, like the for
mer head Of the little Baltic country
now under Russian domination was
a great and enthusiastic friend Of
the Fourth. For many years when
the Fourth clubs encamped in the
Washington Mall they met this
cheerful round-faced man who told
them about organization In Latvia
which Carl Ulmanis, president of
the Baltic state had founded, pat
terning them after the farm clubs
in this country. Ulmanis once be-
try by the Russian government. He
came to America where he became
an ardent student of our farms and
our farm methods, our agricultural
schools and the various activities
connected with rural life in this
country.
Under Russian Yoke.
Now LatVia is under the Russian
yoke again and the 4 200 young peo-
pie who we're members of the or
ganization which President Ulmanis
and his representative in this coun-
try, Alfred Bilmanis did 80 much to
encourage, are probably all turned
into Young Communists" IL they
exist at all.
Since the United States govern
ment has not recognized the recent
seizure OF the Baltic states by the
Soviets, DR.. Bilmanis still remains
minister OF Latvia even il Latvia, as
a government, no longer exists in
Russian eyes. But he was unable
to maintain the old legation where
he often entertained members of the
Fourth and where guests loved to
admire his art treasures which he
has collected through the years.
The new legation into which Mr..
Bilmanis and his charming Polish
wife have moved is about half as
big as the friendly one with the
high front porch which he has had
to give up. And there isn't room
downstairs for the big, brown leath.
er chair that is his chief pride as a
keepsake-Napoleon brought II back
from Moscow.
The chair is probably a comfort
ing thought to Mr.. Bilmanis, too, for
1t is a reminder that no Napoleon
rules forever, and that when the
modern Napoleons fall, his country
will be free again.
The McDowell times. [volume] (Keystone, W. Va.) 1904-1941, 1941-01-24

Here is The latest picture Of Prime Min.
lister Winston Churchill OF England shOtOn
as he matches GnH.dircrGh gunnery in &C
lion at Royal drtilLery esfabIishnent,
"SOmetOheTe-in-EngLdnd."
that IS ships we're sent to the bot
tom. When the truth can be learned
definitely, it may be one of the "clas-
sic" battles of history, for it may
establish what long has been a moot
question-whether aircraft can sue
cessfully challenge armed surface
craft.
Looking ahead
The British felt the German force.
now based in Italy, may be definite
challenge to the campaign in the
Near East. 1t may mean that Hit
Ter will seek to cut off all commune
cations between England and Cairo.
On the other hand the British still
anticipate an attack on England it.
self. And they doubt that the at
tempt will be long delayed. Ger
man bombings of Irish cities were
seen as training" fights toward
this objective. The British tool,
no chances. They bombed "inva
sion ports" in Germany, Holland
Belgium and France nightly.
The McDowell times. [volume] (Keystone, W. Va.) 1904-1941, 1941-01-24
NzzzZzzzzzzzzzz2 Z2Z
Roosevelt Foreshadows
New Role for America
Predicts World Based on Human LIBERTY
latvian Minister to U. S. Awaits
Rebirth of His Country.
BY BAUKHAGE

National Farm and Home Hour Commentator.
The McDowell times. [volume] (Keystone, W. Va.) 1904-1941, 1941-01-24

FROM CHE BILLION
COAL FIELD IN THE
BIOGRAPHICAL CEN.
TER OF INDUSTRY
The McDowell times. [volume] (Keystone, W. Va.) 1904-1941, 1941-01-24

This photograph tDas taken as the secre-
tary OF state testified before the house com
Dliuee on foreign affairs and toarned that
the United States must speed up its help
to Britain il Hitler is TO be beaten.
friends were arranging to 60 to Lon
don during the first days in Febru-
airy. The head of the Republican
party wished to see first hand just
what was going on in England. He
made application to Secretary Hull
for passport. The request was
granted in three hours.
The Fleets
Many months ahead of delivery of
ships which will give the United
States a two-ocean navy, orders
were issued which split the present
war vessels into three fleets" The
main forces will remain in the Pa
cific, but there will be an independ-
ent command in the Atlantic and a
third independent command in Asia.
Rear Admiral Husband E. Kimmel
was named commander in chief. He
and President Roosevelt are old
friends. They worked together in
another defense problem-when Mr..
Roosevelt was assistant secretary of
the navy in 1916-1917. At the same
time orders were issued to increase
the navy personnel from 10000 to
1000.
More Planes
DR.. George Mead, aircraft produc-
ton head of the national defense
commission, announced that the ma
tons three largest automobile cor
porations had agreed to take a larg-
er hand in the making of fighting
planes. Ford, General Motors and
Chrysler will make parts for 200
planes each. They have completed
arrangements with Consolidated
Aircraft, Douglas and Glenn Martin
to make the assemblies. The cheap
est of the $500 planes will cost
$4,000
Meanwhile there still is some dis
pute over the lack of aluminium. The
Aluminium Corporation of America,
which holds a monopoly, said pro-
duction has more than doubled and
that the firm is spending SIS, 000, 900
Of its own money for further ex-
pansion. Since aircraft today is al
most wholly aluminium in the bod
les, the demand is high and there
yet may be a senate investigation
over Alco's affairs and national de-
tense.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-08-28
MANEUVERS OPEN
 AT CAMP DEVENS
Sixth Army Signal Corps in Charge of Field
 Communications

Fort Devens, Aug. 28-A lightning like communications system will guide the movements of Major General Karl Truesdell's VI Army Corps troops over 40 square miles of rugged New England countryside during the two-week rnaneuvers be- ginning today at Fort Deverls
 The fllnctioning and maintenance of these communications will be one of the chief points on. which the action will be graded by umpires and observers. Responsible for the proper func- tioning of the system is Colonel c. M. Milliken, VI Army Corps signal odicer. Working with Colonel Mil liken at The VI Army corps head quarters, at. East Pepperel1 is the 57th Signal Battalion which makes t permanent base at Camp Ed wards.
 Basic telephone communications already have been established. The initial work of the signal men was to string three mile5 of 26 pair cable from the rear echelon of the VI Army Corps at Fort Devens to the 26th Division encampment area. Throughout this area and leading to other troop encampments in the vicinity is a network of 100 miles of aerial telephone lines connecting the various units.
 This field telephone system in the serni-permanent encampment areas has required the use of 15 tons of submarine cable from the Harbor Defenses, Portland, Me
 When the troops move out on maneuvers, another 300 miles of field telephone lines will be set up for tactical purposes, Colonel Milli- ken explained.
 Every participating clement of the VI Army Corps is connected by tele- phone communication which will continue to operate even when the troops move far af1eld from the Fort DevenS area.
 Nerve center of the vast system Is the main switchboard located in a barn adjoining the VI Army Corps headquarters at East Pepperell. Here the signal men work under the direction of 1st It. L. H. Allcorn, operations officer of the 57th Signal Battalion.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-08-28

means drawing up 8 set curriculum and, maybe, also teaching the teach CTS.
 Military policemen are not ex- empt from military duties. They are drawn from the regiments at the particular posts and camps where they serve and have the same mili- They may also be called upon to do tary training as the other soldiers. some fighting in case of war.
 In peacetime their duties are to direct traffic, which is very heavy in and, out of posts and camps. They also keep order just like civilian cops.
 They do not get extra pay, drawing the same as the soldiers of the other ranks. The officers range from neutenants to lieuten- ant colonelS.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-08-28
Compensation Agreements

,COampensatiOn Commissioner J0- seph E. Talbot today approved the following agreemenfs:
 Charles Barstis, Union City, against Eastern AEalleabIe Iron Co.,, Naugatuclx, $l3.I4 per week beginning August &; strained back. Edward Williams, Bantam, against Warren MeArthur CorpO- ration, Bantam, S1e.82 per week beginning August l4; external .hemorEh0id thrombosis slight gprain of hack.
 Anthony |. Sci0nti, Waterbury, against Angelo Scionti, Waterbury, $le.sz pcE week beginning June IA; strain of. the lower back.
 Giuseppe Bond, Waterbury, against RaHnbe. and Blello Co., Waterbury, S9.7O per week begin- ming June 10; right inguinal her- mia.
 Dewey Mcintyre, Waterbury, against Federal Bank Shop, Wa terbuFy, sS.OO. per week Beginning July 2l; burns of the right hand.
 Hector Asselim, WatexbuFy, against Msttatuck Misunderstanding Ch., Waterbury. $le.el per week beginning August 2; lsceratiens of Inc third. middle and little left Nmgers
 Henry ZWiliing. New Rochelle, V. Y., against Turner Constgucs tlsn' O., Waterbury, e2b per week beginning Aueast i1i eentuelenS and ISeeFafians sf the seaip. s
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-08-28


 During the last war t.1c M. P.,s eft some pretty sour memories with scme soldiers. This time the army $ planning its police department" n much better fashion, and expects he present generation of M. P.'s to oe 8 big improvement over their AEF predecessors.
 When Uncle Sam gets through or ganizing this big present American army of something over 1,5OO,OO0 men, there will probably be about 5000 M. P.,s They are chosen from the ranks because they are husky, intelligent and eu-behaved. TO SYSTENTATIZE
 M. F. TRAINING
 The way things work now, the chosen ones are given training at their particular post or camp, usual ly by former policemen or state con- stabulary members who are now in the army. The tyro M. P.hS are taught to handle traff1c, to manage prisoners and to disarm desperate men, via lessons in boxing and jiu jitsu.
 Early in August, Secretary of War StimSon decided to systematiZe this training. Major General Allen w. Gulnon. in addition to his duties as judge advocate general of the army, was named provost marshal general. and asked to prepare plans for schools in which the M. P's will get uniform instruction. This probably
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-08-28
Sunday Permits For
 Factories Revoked
Three Local Plants Among Number Affected: Danaher
 Awaits Court Ruling in Specific Test Case

A court test will now be nece sarv to decide whether factories pfoiuc. ing vital defense goods are engaged in matters of necessity or mercyN when they operate on Sundays. MT Pallotti has held that they are not
 The Waterbury plants affected ara the Scovill Manufac acturing Ccmpany the Chase Brass and Copper Com. pany, and the Forrnatic Company.
 When informed of the attorney. generals ruling last week, Comlnis. Sioner Danaher said: ''If the co,in. try is in danger on Sunday, I won't wait until Monday to try to save 1t"
 Today, in letters to factory ofIa- cials, Commissioner Danaher said:
 T have your letter requesting ma to give you permission to work cer- tain of your employees on Sundays because of the exigencies of certain contracts for national defense on which you are now engaged ..
 Nothing in the statute inhibits an employer who is convinced of the necessity of performing certain work on Sunday from so ding; nor does anything therein require him to seke permission from any agency of the state government in advance of the performance of such. work :. Work performed on Sunday is subject to Judicial review if 8. complaint is issued by the prose cutting authority.
 Should the court decide that the work done. on Sunday was not in fact work of necessity or mercy, the statute has been violated and a penalty may result. If, on the other hand, the decision of the court should be that work so performed was a work of necessity or mercy no violation of the statute would have occurred Each such case would of course be decided on its own facts.
 "The ruling of the attorney gen. eral is clear that there is no author ity in the law permitting the Gov ernor or the Commissioner of La bor to grant permission to an e1n- ployer to employ his employees on Sunday. Tn view of the foregoing, therefore, it becomes necessary fo1 me to withdraw permission to work on Sunday hitherto granted. If I were authorized by law to grant you permission to work on Sunday on national defense work, I should do SO unhesitatingly."
 The statute in question, Section 1452E. provides for fine of not more than $50 for its violation.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-08-28
ALASKk WIEL BE. WELL FORTIFIED.
BY Time Japan Is Ready to Attack, Alaska Will
 Be Ready for Her

Boston, Aug. 28 - (Up.) -- Ex- plorer Bradford Washburn believes by the time there "'is any chance of Q Japanese attack on Alaska, that territory will be very well fortified" !"
 WaShhurn, returning from an Alaskan expedition, said In an in- teFview yesterday that even at pres ent ''United States planes, with modern equipment, could bomb Tokyo into oblivion and return to the Aleutian Island bases"
 Airpianes, he said, are under con- stf1iction throughout Alaska and there fare more planes per capita in Alaska than in any other place in the world" |" The Fairbanks Alr- port has more planes arriving and departing daily than La Guardia Field, New. York.
 aOil for Alaskan planes, the ex- plofer said, is transported in tank CTS from the west coast Some oil already has been found in Alaska.
 Washburr1, head of the New Eng lana Museum of Natural History, said Alaskan airportS could be used to ferry boInbers to Russia and also as the land route to Siberia and the Orient,
 He described business in Alaska as booming and said the country was crowded with tourists who are delayed in returning to this coun- try. because the, government has reqtiisitioaed most of the boats.
 :. Washbttrn and his wife made the first ascent of 1S,740-foot Mt. Hayes in Central Alaska. He also took hundreds of photographs of un- mapped territory for the. U. S. Gov ernment. .l.ss4. S@
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-08-28
RETAIL TRADE IN
 NEW ENGLAND BIG
Reached Highest Levels in This Area Since Back in
 1929 Period

Boston, Aug. 28-(UP)-Heavy tourist traffic and record payrolls aided in lifting retail trade in the New England area in the past week to the highest level since 1929, Dun & Bradstreet. Inc, reported today
 Retail dollar volume was esti- mated 26 to 32 sper cent ahead of last year. Payrolls were high in reflection of capacity operations in most lines of industry while tour ists were said, to have been one- fifth larger in number than a year ago. @
 Government orders continued to flow in a steady volume and in the period from Aug. 18 to g ag- gregated $26;474. .0OO,5 the authority said. In addition, shoe manufactur- CTS were reported placing bids on 1,250.000 pairs of army shoes and 100000 pairs of navy shoes.
 Order backlogs, reduced soree- what in recent weeks, remain al record levels for this season and are the heaviest in textile and me- tai industries, Dun 6 Bradstreet said.