davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1941-09-01
Tells History
Of Labor Day
Writer ExpIoins How Parade
In New York Started
Annual Celebration
By BERTRAM BENEDICT.

By BERTRAM BENEDICT.
Credit for the origin of Labor Day
goes to the Central Labor Union of New
York City. At meeting Of the union on
May s, 1882, Peter j. Mcclure, secretary
of the Brotherhood of Carpenters and
Joiners, moved that "a day should be set
aside as a festive day during which a
parade through the streets of the city
would permit public tribute to Ameri-
can industry" Mcclure suggested the
first Monday in September, "as it would
come at the most pleasant season of the
year, nearly midway between the Fourth
of July and Thanksgiving, and would
fill wide gap in the chronology of legal
holidays" The suggestion was adopted
by the Central Labor Union.
Xxx ~
On September 5, 1882, between 10000
and 10000 workers participated in an
impressive parade through Manhattan
and in general festivities throughout the
city. So successful was the days pro-
gram that a similar celebration was
staged the following year. In 1884 the
Federation of Organized Trades and
Labor Unions adopted resolution de-
claring the first Monday in September
to be Labor Day. The federation was the
immediate predecessor of the American
Federation of Labor; when it was sup
planted by the latter body in 1886, the
idea of national holiday in honor of
the workers was taken over by the
A. F.. of l..
Steps were taken to secure enactment
of measures in the various State Legis-
latures making the first Monday in Sep
tember a legal holiday in tribute to
labor. Oregon, New Jersey, Colorado,
Massachusetts and New York enacted
the necessary legislation in 1887. Other
States followed in quick succession, and
on June %, 1894, Congress made Labor
Day a legal holiday in the District of
Columbia and in all Federal territories.
All States except one or two now have
laws establishing Labor Day, and in the
one or two that are exceptions the day
is regularly observed by proclamation
of the Governor. Labor Day is generally
celebrated as legal holiday in Canada
also.
In most foreign countries May was
the day set aside for labor. This date
was chosen by the Second International,
organizing in Paris in 1889. The day
was recognized by left-wing labor groups
in all countries, including the United
States, and May Day parades were fire.
quently class-conscious demonstrations,
resulting in clashes with the public au-
thorities Whereas Labor Day is a
State-sanctioned holiday, in which all
sections Of the population pay tribute to
labor, May Day was regarded as the ex-
elusive holiday of the working class and,
except In Russia, was nowhere legal
holiday. In Italy celebration of the day
is forbidden. and the traditional date
of the founding of Rome has been set
aside as a holiday in it's place. And now
In Germany and all lands under German
control May l has lost its earlier sig
nif1cance as labor's day
Some agreements between trade unions
and employers call for the payment of
wages on Labor Day. For most workers
however, the holiday means the loss Of
dovS
Evening star., 1941-09-01
Thinks Only Italian People
Can Hurt the Dignity Of Italy.

To the Editor Of The Star:
I wish to answer Mario Ricciardelli's
letter, in which he states: Especially
under the present state of affairs any
foreign-born individual, whether natu-
rallied or not, would be bound to defend
his own country of origin"
I believe that if a foreign-born Ameri-
can citizen entertains such feelings he
should give up his American citizenship.
I hope the time will come soon when
some psychological test will be devised
which will make it possible to deter
mine If q prospective citizen really loves
this country and the high privilege Of
citizenship will be denied to those who
are only pretending.
As to the attacks on the dignity Of
the italian race" believe that no at
tacks can lower the dignity Of the Italian
people unless they do 20 themselves.
RH0f0 4 zARET.
Evening star., 1941-09-01

have tried every conceivable means
of silencing the heckler. But so far
they have failed. From the Goebbels
viewpoint it must be terrible thing
to contemplate, but 1t looks as though
the Nazis for some time to come will
have to put up with the one voice
in Germany that can talk back and
get away with it.
Evening star., 1941-09-01
Reports American Daughters
Approve Daylight Saving.
To the Editor of The Star

To the Editor Of The Star:
In connection with the poll Commits
sioner Guy Mason is reported to be tax
ing respecting daylight saving, it is the
consensus among three thousand local
members of the Daughters of America
that Washington should conform to the
schedule long practiced by Philadelphia
and New York, extending from April to
October ;Nin fact, uniformity would seem
essential. We are opposed to its use in
winter as conducive neither to conserva-
ton nor good health.
e. H. MILLER,
Oec1stAry, Daughters Of America.
Evening star., 1941-09-01
Huskin's Answers
To Questions
BU Frederic J. HdSkin.

~ FTeueTlC J. HuSKlH.
reader can get the unsDer to any
question OF fact by Urittng The Eue.
ming Star Information Bureau, Fred
eric J. HdSkin, director, Washington,
d. C. Please incloSe stamp for reply.
@. How much did the late Andrew
Mellon pay for Raphaels Alba Ma
donna" which is in the National GAL
Iery of Art?-C. J. NJ
A. Mr.. Mellon paio s1,000000 for the
picture, which was one Of 81 paintings
he purchased from the Hermitage Gal
lery in Leningrad.
@. Please give the number Of French
prisoners of wars. P. r.
A. There are nearly 100000 French
prisoners held by the Germans in occu-
pied France, Germany, Poland, Austria
and Czecho-Slovakia
@. What are radiosondes?-M. j. Fl.
A. They are robot devices which meas
ure atmospheric pressure, humidity and
temperature at great heights and send
readings to the weather stations below.
@. For whom is the Falkenhorst Line
named?-M. T. A.
A. The Germans named the line in
honor of Gen. Nikolaus Won Falkenhorst,
who commanded the Nazi army of occu-
patton in Norway.
@. When is national newspaper week7
S. P. c.
A. National newspaper week spon-
sored by the Newspaper Association
Managers, Inc, will be observed from
October 1-8.
@. Please give the maiden name Of
Rita Hayworth, the actress-H. p. c.
A. Her real name is Margarita Car
| men Cansino.
@. Please give the names and ages Of
the brothers and sisters of the Dionns
| quintuplets.-C. H r.
A. Ernest, IS; Rose 13; Therese, 12;
Daniel, g; Pauline, 8; Olivia, ir. S, and
Victor 8.
Q. What amount Of money is made in
the installment business?-T. J. A.
| A. The installment business amounts
to s4,50Oy000OO0 a year.
Evening star., 1941-09-01
Letters to the Editor

Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address of
the Uriter, although the use of
q pseudonym for publication is
permissible. The Star reserUes
the right to edit all letters 1Cith
a Uie1U to condensation.
Evening star., 1941-09-01
CriticiZeS Editorial
Discussing Xearny Case.

To the Editor of The Star:
I am very much surprised that an
editor Of one of the leading daily news
papers in America would condone the
action of the President in taking over
the Kearney New Jersey Federal Ship
building and Drydock Company with the
following remarks: He took the only
course of action that reasonably was
open to him"
In the first place, Mr.. Roosevelt's
action was without rhyme or reason,
authority or justice. 1t was as fagrant
a piece of injustice as has ever been per-
petrated against industry. AS matter
of fact in practically all of the thousands
of cases of strikes against industry the
President, playing politics as usual, has
decided in favor of labor. He has done
this consistently and without consider
alton for the welfare of the general
public or the welfare of industry and in
all cases to the great detriment of de-
fense production.
The strike was absolutely unjustified
as the employees had received II per
cent increase in wages on June %,
agreeing not to strike for a period of
two years, but, "Hitler-like," their con-
tract evidently amounted to only scrap
of paper, and the President upholds them
in violating their own contract and vio-
lating the principles of justice and right
involved therein.
The only reasonable and just action
the President could have taken, and
which he should have taken, was to
notify his Mediation Board (created and
appointed by him of biased labor men,
bership) that the employees were vio-
lating the fundamentals of right and
justice and they Immediately should call
off the strike. Instead of doing this, as
he should have done, he takes the usual
easy way out, the appeasers' way, the
political way, the 1914 "fourth-term"
way.
1t is pathetic to think that our edi-
torial writers are following blindly a
leadership which isn't a leadership, but
which is becoming political racket that
is lowering the morale of every American
citizen, including labor, industry and
every man, woman and child in America.
How can the public have faith in the
administration when it aids and abets
the C. I. o. In attacks on worthy in
dustries?
Mr.. Roosevelt knows that he should
stop strikes, he knows that he could stop
strikes Immediately, he also knows they
should have been stopped for the past
year on all defense projects, but the
public knows that he has not the courage.
He will refuse to do it as long as editors
of our newspapers condone his conduct
as you did in The Star
OSCAR WILKINSON M D,
Evening star., 1941-09-01
Modern Webster Dictionary

Modern Webster Dictionary
An up-to-date, authoritative die
tionary of 10000 words in common
use. Also special supplements con-
tanning new words. standard ab-
breviations, foreign words and
phrases, common errors, curious
word origins, words derived from
persons and places. short words,
long words, and official guide to
compounding. To secure your
copy of this publication inclose
25 cents in coin wrapped in this
clipping and mail to The Star
Information Bureau.
Name
Address
Evening star., 1941-09-01
Quotes Soldiers Oath
OF Loyalty to Hitler.

10 the Edlt0r OF I ne StAr.
In the German Republic under the
Weimar Constitution every German SOL
dier took the following oath: Il swear
to be loyal to the state constitution and
I, as brave soldier, promise to protect
the German state and its legitimate in
stitutions for all time and to be obedi-
ent to the state president in rendering
my service"
President Hindenburg, q Prussian
junker and monarchist who disliked
democracy With its legislative assembly
Evening star., 1941-09-01

@. What are radiosondes?-M. j. n.
A. They are robot devices which meas
ure atmospheric pressure. humidity and
temperature at great heights and send
readings TO the weather stations below.
Evening star., 1941-09-01

@. In what role did Martini make
his debut at the Metropolitan?-S T. r.
A. Nino Martini made his Metropoli-
tan Opera debut as the Duke in "Rigo-
letto," December %, 1888.
Evening star., 1941-09-01

G. What is the date Of the Kentucky
State Fair and Horse Show?-J. H. r.
A. 1t will be held at Louisville from
September 6-13.
Evening star., 1941-09-01

A reader can get the 1ns1Der to any
question OF fact by Drittng The Eue-
ming Star Information Bureau, Fred
eric J. Haskin, director, Washington,
d. C. Please incloSe stamp for reply.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1941-12-25
PRAY FOR PEACE

Continued From Page
lacking God cannot establish durable peace
know by sad experience that attempts peace
force by negotiation have proved failure The this
not that the force used has been inadequate that
the negoaors not wise enough work proper
terms Is not the real of the failure of such attempts the
lack of that spirit Of which the angels call good w
If ask God for peace then need not expect His
to take the form of subdue aggso
cevenes negotiating terms What expect that
God will send into hearts the spirit of Him Whom call
the Prince of Peace will guidance
and influence of that spirit He will develop in the good will
which the angelic suggests is the only basis of just
and durable Let therefore, approach this Christmas
only with gratitude for what God has done the past but
with the confident expectation that if dedicate ourselves
Him. He will qualify to take place those concerning
whom Lord sad BLESSED the peacemakers for they
shall be called the children of God"
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1941-12-25
MARRIED
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

DUCKWORTH- BRENNEMAN-
Mr.. and Mrs. Nelson Brenneman.
McHenry, announce the marriage of
their daughter, Deretta Ruth, to MI.
Everett Duckworth, son of Mr.. and
Mrs. E. S. Duckworth, of near Grants
vile.
The ceremony was performed by
Rev. j. C. Foster, pastor of the United
Brethren church, using the ring GER
emory, at the brides home Saturday
evening, December 20, in the presence
of the members of the immediate fam
lilies.
The bride wore a gown of blue and
her flowers were a corsage of pink
rose buds and baby's breath. She is
a graduate of Accident High school,
class of 1888.
The bridegroom is a graduate Of
Grantsville High school, class of 1894.
He is in the employ of the Potomac
Edison Company.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1941-12-25
Approaching Marriage

Word has been received by local
relatives of the approaching wedding
Of Miss Madalyne Ashby, of Penns-
boro, w. Va, to Mr. Latimer Taylor.
The date was not announced. Miss
Ashby is the eldest daughter of Mr..
and Mrs. Guy L. Ashby, and has been
employed in Washington, D. c., for
the past three years, following the
completion of a secretarial course in
that city. She is a granddaughter of
Mr.. and Mrs. W. C. Ashby, of near
Terra Alta.
Mr.. Taylor is the son of Mr.. and
Mrs. Brent Taylor. He and his father
have been operating a grocery store
at Pennsboro for number of years.
The father of the bride-elect was
graduated from Oakland High school
with the class of 1915, in a class of
eight persons. Following a period of
enlistment during the first world war
he accepted a position with the Hope
Natural Gas company and has COM
pleted % years of service with that
concern. He was married in 1918 to
Miss Jessie Idleman, daughter of Rev.
and Mrs, ]. w. Idleman, Grant county.
A son attends West Virginia Yves
leyan college and three younger chill
dren attend high and grade schools
in Pennsboro.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1941-12-25

Mr.. and Mrs. Ernest Vogt, of
Martinsburg, W. Va, are spending
Christmas here with Mrs. Vogt's
brother and sister-in-law, Mr.. and
Mrs. c. Kenneth Wilmington, at their
home on Eighth street.
Mr. and Mrs. Ernest Townshend and
two grandchildren, Townshend lib
belts and Judith Fansler, went to
Washington, D. c., last Friday where
they will visit with relatives during
the holiday season.
Business has been rushing at the
local postoffice with the probability
that this years Christmas receipts
would be the largest ever. 1t is also
believed that more pieces of mail will
have been handled this holiday season
than at any other previous time.
The Christmas decorations erected
on the lawn of the Episcopal church,
were made by the art department of
Oakland High school under the direc-
ton of Miss Catherine Baker. The
decorations were sponsored by the
service organizations of town with
Robert w. Lohr furnishing the "V"
idea for the lights.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1941-12-25

George Browning, Oakland, is one
of three officers of the State police
force added to the LaVale sub-station.
Former Sheriff W. H. Haneftling, of
Accident, in Oakland on a business
mission Tuesday, was a caller at The
Republican office.
Mrs. Harry Matheny and Mrs. DIN
burst, of Cumberland, visited their
brothers, BENZ. H. and Harry C. Sin
cell, Sunday afternoon.
Miss Grace Jones went to Glendale,
West Va, Tuesday morning to remain
during the Christmas season with her
aunt, DR.. Harriet B. Jones.
Miss Catherine Kooken, who is en-
ployed near Washington, is spending
the holiday season with her parents,
Mr.. and Mrs. Arthur Alternately, at
Aurora, West Va.
Stuart F. Hamill, Jr., stationed at
Fort Belvoir, Va, returned to his
army base on Sunday after a brief
visit with his father and mother and
other relatives in Oakland.
Private Herbert NJ Turney, of
Aberdeen Proving Ground, Md, came
to his home Tuesday night to spend
a short furlough with his mother,
Mrs. Alice Turney, and other rela-
tives in Oakland.
Miss Mary Mitchell, in training for
a nurse at Sibley hospital, Washing
ton, D. c., will return to her duties
on Friday, after visit Of few days
with her parents, Mr.. and Mrs. Paul
Mitchell.
Mrs. John Crawford, former resi-
dent of Oakland, died at her home in
Charles Town, West Va, last Friday
and was buried in Frederick on Mon
day. Surviving are daughter, Naomi.
and a son, Alvin Crawford.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1941-12-25
| SEE BY THE DAILIES THAT

Douglas Macarthur, commanding
the Philippine garrison, was made a
general in the U. S. army.
Laura Inglass, prominent aviatrix,
was arrested as an agent of the Nazis.
She denies the charges.
One hundred fifty-nine alien diplo-
mats and newsmen, mostly Germans
and Hungarians, have been interned
in White Sulphur Springs, w. Va,
hotel with special privileges.
U. S. petroleum industry was asked
to boost its output one million barrels
daily.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1941-12-25

Muriel Robinson, daughter of Rev.
and Mrs. Felix Robinson, is visiting
Joan Kuehn, in Baltimore, for few
weeks.
DR.. and Mrs. David Watson, of the
Youghiogheny Forest colony, near
Oakland, are in Washington for the
holiday season.
Mrs. Anna Meisenbach returned to
her home in Oakland on Tuesday from
Washington, D. c., where she had
been engaged for several weeks nurs-
ing her son-in-law, who had suffered
an attack of pneumonia.
Mrs. J. G. Robinson left Monday
for Washington, d. c., where she will
visit her son-in-law and daughter, Mr.
and Mrs. C. Fred Husemoller, during
the holidays. She will be joined on
Christmas day by her husband, who
has been visiting their son, Rev.
Ralph Robinson, at Spring Grove, Pa,
for several weeks.
Robert Lawton, stationed at Fort
Dix, N. j., arrived Saturday to spend
a week with his parents, Mr.. and Mrs.
Arthur Lawton. Mr. and Mrs. Law
ton are expecting for Christmas their
son-in-law and daughter, Mr.. and Mrs.
Lee Morgan, Hagerstown; and Mr..
and Mrs. Arthur Lawton, Jr., of
Washington, D. C.
Mr.. and Mrs. H. C. Riggs moved
to their new bungalow type home On
Eighth street Monday. The dwelling
is modernly constructed and is fitted
with every convenience. Mr.. and Mrs.
Charles Harvey moved the same day
into the apartment made vacant by
Mr.. and Mrs. Riggs located in the
Hamill apartment building on Second
street.
The Women's Society of Christian
Service of the local Methodist church
met last Wednesday evening and
elected officers for the coming year as
follows: Mrs. Grover C. Stemple, pres
ident; Mrs. F. A. Thayer, Jr, vice
president; Mrs. H. Robert Dewitt, re-
cording secretary; Mrs. Lewis Jones,
corresponding secretary; Mrs. Melvin
Right, secretary of young women's
and girls work; Mrs. S. H. Jackson,
secretary of local church activities;
Mrs. Minor Sprague, secretary of mis-
sionary and educational service; Mrs.
F. E. Rathbun, secretary of literature,
publication and supplies; Mrs Scott
Shirer, leader of devotions; Mrs. H.
H. Harmed, treasurer. Names were
drawn for the grouping of the four
circles for the coming year. Mrs.
Minor Sprague and Miss Susy Smith
had charge of devotions and members
of the executive council were hostesses
for the evening
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1941-12-25
"The Lost Star" To Be
Presented

A Christmas play, "The Lost Star, :"
is to be presented at the Methodist
Church, Sunday night, by members of
the Youth Fellowship. 1t is a fantasy
in four episodes by Dorothy Clarke
Wilson, writer of several successful
religious plays. The play will begin
at 1880.
Sunday Services
$3.50 a. m. Sunday Church school,
with classes for all ages.
10:45 a. m. Service of Worship. A
post Christmas emphasis in music
and message.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1941-12-25

Oakland High School Basketball
team defeated Kingwood High Tues
day night on the local floor, 1920, to
even the series between the two
schools and give Oakland its second
win of the season.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1941-12-25
Seal Sale Campaign
Closes on Christmas Day

The 1941 tuberculosis Christmas
Seal Sale closes on Christmas day,
and Doctor Samuel Wolman, presi-
dent of the Maryland tuberculosis
Association, thanks all who took part
in this years effort.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1941-12-25

Five hundred forty-seven midship-
men were graduated from the U. S.
Naval Academy December 19, six
months ahead of schedule. 1t was the
third class to be graduated this year.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1941-12-25

Roy Rudy, U. S. Army, is spending
the Christmas holidays with relatives
here.
Evening star., 1941-08-10
ouT-oE-ToWk REAL ESTATE.
A SUBURBAN RETREAT
FOR THE TIRED BUSINESSMAN
IN EIGTOR Il SMrTIIEIEI n VA

IN HISTORIC SMITHFIELD. VA.
Handicapped grounds Sloping down 10 the
Pagan River "a tributary of the James,
near the mouth of the James. Convenient
to Norfolk, Portsmouth, Richmond, Peters
burg and Newport News. Beautiful To-
room modern home. 3 baths, hot-water
heat, boat house; piers, etc. This beauti-
ful home located in the heart of historic
va, can be bought for only $4,000 Wire
or write TOM B. WRIGHT. 420 Boush ST.,
Norfolk, Va, for complete details and ap-
pointment
SALE, NEARBY WASHINGTON = NICE
country home. private or guest house 10
rooms. large porcheS, shady lawn; avail
able acreage. water, lights; route ! buSllne;
price reasonable MRS. c. J. HARLEY,
Round Hill. Va Phone Purcellville 4112.
CALIFORNIA-MONEY MAKING POSI-
blities unlimited; Moro Bay Coast de-
fense area: lovely climate: finest view bay.
ocean; improved fruit almond ranch 3
acres; S5500. CLEAR: taxes Sl5S large
scene lots, $3.50 each. terms. MRS. NUT
MAN, route /, box l25 San LUIS Obispe,
Calf.
Evening star., 1941-08-10
WAREHOUSES FOR SALE.

LARGE 3-STORY. WELL-CONSTRUCTED
brick warehouse containing 10000 so. IT..
on lot q5xlOO feet; near the U. s. Tor
pedo Station, near rr and water trans
Warehouse. 3-story brick building. osx
one-story brick building on side, "sx44 It,
containing 1,232 50. #, and vacant lot.
o2x44 IT. This is offered for quick sale at
$4,000. ADply 10 A; s, DONiPHAE d
son, 405 Doniphan Building, Alexandria,
Va Phone AleXandria OS4O.
Evening star., 1941-08-10

CHEVROLET, $3.50. 1896 business coupe.
The ideal car for either business or pleas
ure. Clean inside and out. Equipped with
good tires. Motor is truly in fine con-
dition. A real special at only $3.50. Ask
to see Used Car No. 1911
LusTINE-NICHOLSO
Hyattsville, Md. WA. $500.
Evening star., 1941-08-10

FdymehfS fhcInde at charges as
prescribed by the Uniform Small
Loan Lar
Loans made on your own signature. No
security required. No credit inquiries are
MADE OF relatives. friends or employer
Apply in morning and get money the same
DAY just telephone, give us a lew facts
then call for the money
Friendship Personal Loan Co.
$500 Wisconsin Ave-Near Hot shoppe
Opp. Car e. Bus Terminal
Phone Carl H. Barclay-wisconsin 1850
STANDARD Loan Service. Inc.
1929 Rhode Island Avenue
Mt. Rainier, Nd.
FhOne EARRY Warfa1I dooA
Evening star., 1941-08-10
WAREHOUSES FOR RENT.

NEAR 25th AND x SITS. STORY
brick warehouse. 800 So. it.. suitable
storase or light mfg; rent Sl25. D. s.
NASH, owner. NO 0660
Evening star., 1941-08-10
lOne Hhhh1 L. hARI. warned 42-1
SIGNATURE
LOANS

Are mode on pioIn note without security
Ct Domestic. Before you borrow osk
obout our Signature OnV Loon Plan.
All YOU need IS q steody job ond obhity
10 repay in small monthly amounts. You
con oIso telephone your order for
Ioon-nerey give US q few focts-we1I
&c the rest.
Evening star., 1941-08-10

FORD 1889 de luxe convertible coupe; tan
finish, new top, low mileage: perfect: only
S545: liberal trade. KEARNEY MOTORS.
DAY
Evening star., 1941-08-10

FORD 1887 de luxe 2-door touring
dan black, ready Tor any test. Sold with
a 4s-hour mOney-back guarantee plus 30
DAYS Tree service; excellent IN every de-
tail. reduced 10 S215. LEO ROCCA. INC,
N Y. and Florida aveS. ne. NE. 2415.
can for nome oemonstrator