davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1941-01-12

name John Smith, Jr., II ne
has no uncle of identical
name. In short, if he alone
is carrying on his grand
fathers name, he can be
either Jr. or End, as his
parents prefer. But there is
one catch, which is undOubt-
edly the cause of the con-
fusion to most people who
question the propriety of
adding Jr. to a grandson's
name: The widespread
present day custom of call
ing small boys Junior instead
of Johnny or Jimmy or
Harry is correct only when
the boy IS named for his own
father. A boy who is named
for a grandfather is always
called Jimmy or Harry or
Johnny. Otherwise a grand
son is called second"
except when his own father
is junior, which requires
that he be called third.
The one unbreakable rule
is that the nephew or cousin
of a man Of identical name
is second" The great
nephew or grandson whose
father or uncle - either one
Evening star., 1941-01-12

third" The only way to avoid the
confusion of these Implications is to
change the middle name and do away
with suffixes entirely.
One last thing: When the sufflx
Junior" is abbreviated it begins with
a capital; when written in full, with
small letter And ''2nd' or 3rd"-
written like this - is simplest and
smaIteSt
Released BY The Bell Syndicate. Inc
Evening star., 1941-01-12
WHATS IN u MANI?
lot SAYS Mrs. Post if there's Jr, ST., 2nd attached
<y &astAt Saa<
Ax~d Tie ns Of Hnsa"
Tie P~sa.iAy hbza"6
% &',s% %aa<
Asftos of "Eissstfs Tie ess 0ssk sf SseioI Uso0e,
"Tke A.ssassiay ef Hs<s." 6r.

if they live in a small town that has no
house numbers and where, perhaps,
they have houses in the same street,
there is no possible way by which
their identities can be kept separate
unless the stepmother adds "senior"
to her name, or unless, in spite of its
Evening star., 1941-01-12

out of 100, John Smith Jr., is the son
of John Smith. And in about 80 times
out of 100 he is called Junior" in
stead of John, or Johnny or Jack. If
the son of Albert Smith is named John
for his grandfather, the boy becomes
John Smith, End. But he can have the
Evening star., 1941-01-12

meaning of the suffixes
"junior" VS.. second" and
second" VS.. third" and
the propriety of adding
Junior" to a grandson's
name.
Let us begin with the
question of the widow. Good
taste absolutely forbids
Mrs" followed by a wom-
ans Christian name. There
fore, she may not call herself
Mrs. Mary Smith. If her
son, or stepsOn, has been
junior, she should either be
called Mrs. John Henry
Smith, senior, or Mrs. Smith,
with no given name at all.
This last practice, although
most correct according to
longest established etiquette,
is possible only when the
widow is the head of the
only family of the name in
the community. 1t was SIM
pie enough in former days
when cities were small and
the widow of Oliver Old
name, who had been the
head of the family, called
herself Mrs. Oldname - or
even, if she was an old lady,
Evening star., 1941-01-12

MADAM OlQHdmc IL 10
plain, however, that in the great cities
of today, the widow of John Henry
Smith can not possibly claim to be the
one and only Mrs Smith" among the
several hundred that are listed IN the
telephone directory
1t is true that in the Social Register
and also in certain club lists no
man whose father has died is ever
given the suffix Junior" even though
he himself may continue its use. He
may have his visiting cards engraved
"Jr."; he may have or" on his busl-
ness cards and in the letterhead OF his
business paper, as we'll as in the tele-
phone book; but the Social Register
leaves it off.
Evening star., 1941-01-12
A Simple Solution

lHE Social Register, as it happens,
solves the senior VS.. junior problem
very simply and correctly by listing
every widow who has son, or step
son, of the same name as Mrs. John
Henry Smith. Since the John Henry
in parentheses is printed IN conspicu-
ously small type, it shows you at a
glance every widow who has son, or
stepson, of the same name. 1t is prac-
tical also in that, if her address includes
a house number, you know you need
write nothing further than Mrs. Smith,
90 Elm Street. On the other hand, II
she lives in a town without street num-
bers, it will be necessary to address a
letter to her Mrs. John Henry Smith,
senior"
There is one unusual situation IN
which a widow may find it impossible
to add Senior" to her name. This
is when she is a celebrity. Mrs.
Humphrey Ward, for example, could
not very well have begun printing
senior on the covers of her books. But
as already noted, such case as this is
exceptional.
The usual objector to the suffH
senior" is the young widow who was
second wife of much older man and'
therefore, refuses fatty to add senior
to her name, because it stamps her as
belonging to an older generation. In
fact. one can hardly blame her II she
is Younger, let us say, than her step
sonl Nevertheless, she, of course,
forces her stepson and his wife to con-
tinue adding junior to their names, be-
cause there is no other way of making
it plain that the stepmother is not her
stepson's wife.
Ifthese people live in different parts
of the country, however, there is no
difficulty. But if they live in the same
town there is never-ending confusion
between the sons wife and her father
in-law's widow, not only in the matter
of mail, telephone messages, express
packages and kilograms, but IN the
matter of accounts at the stores AND
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-09-29
We'll Done!

Anyone who has carefully followed the the first-hand accounts of the American Army maneuvers this summer is bound to be considerably impressed with the progress that Army has made These maneuVerS have come about as close to the real thing as it is possible to come short of actual war. Real hardships have been undergone, real difficulties have been Surmounted; some men nave died, having given their lives for their country no less than if they had died in battle. The flyers and others who were killed have, in very real sense, given their lives to save those of their comrades, for maneuvers are made realistic in the hope that the training afforded will save lives should actual war come.
 Many observers believe that the Amer ican Army today is, for its size, equal in training and quality to any army which has not actually been in combat. It is idle to argue that their training is, or can be, equal to the experience of the German veterans who have survived Poland, Nor way, France, the Balkans, and Russia. These are graduates of wars ultimate school, and by now they should be and probably are the most competent soldiers in the world. Short of such experience, which we still hope may not be necessary, the American soldiers of the New Army begin to look very good indeed. Appar- ently their physical condition is excel lent. The mud, the chiggers and flooded streams and short rations over which they have triumphed are eloquent testi- mony of that. Weapons are still short, but that is being rapidly overcome. Of- fcers whose physical or other qualifica- tions are not up to standard are being eliminated; bugs are being taken out of the machine.
 Morale problems have declined during the maneuver period. When there is plenty to do grouslng falls off. If, when the maneuyers are over, the new equip ment continues to pour in, inequalities of equipment at various camps are ironed out, and thousand little sources of fric- ton Smoothed out by the iron of eXperi- ence, spirits (and the spirit) of the men in the camps will probably rise. As you see the Army men on the streets of cities these days, you note an increasing air of competence and confidence, as compared to that seen when they were inducted year ago. America has good reason to be proud of her young soldiers of the New Army. We wish there were some way in which the whole country could join, when the maneuvers are over, in single, re- sounding "Well done"
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-09-29
Century of Progress

Waterbury through its many graduates of Fordham University was participant last week in an event of real historic note. The famed New York Jesuit insti- tuition observed the tooth anniversary of it's founding. It was an occasion in which distinguished men of letters partic- ipated. More colleges and universities had representatives at the centenary eel ebration than at Harvards tricentennial a few years back. Even the German gov ernment officially recognized the occas- ion, which was the subject of some com- ment in view of present world conditions and the more important fact that Jesuit schools in Germany have been banned for number of years,
 Fordham is not the oldest Catholic col lege or university in the United States, but it now ranks as the largest Cultur- ally its reputation is one of the finest among all schools. Situated we'll up in the Bronx the institution has come far since it offered its first courses in ad- vanced studies before the middle of the last century. Its list of graduates is an illustrious one. Well, may these sons today express the pride in their Alma Mater that goes with an observance of tooth birthday.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-09-29

ing the only profits they have had for years and would like to build up little surplus and reserve for the rainy day that is sure to come again. Present taxes on business are pretty big and are de- signed to take the profit out of war. Such profits as are retained after taxes are usually distributed to stockholders as div idends and are again taxed to the recipi- ents on their own income tax returns at new high rates
 The present tax rates on both business and individuals would seem high enough to guarantee that no one will ever get rich out of this defense program The whole fault of such proposal is that it destroys the incentive of businessman and his employees to work harder for extra rewards and the defense program would, slow down accordingly. Again some people fear that once established for the emergency, the plan would be carried on afterwards and national socialism would then be in force.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-09-29
Borough Hall Sings Tonight

One end of the baseball emotional orbit is best represented by the impenetrable gloom which settled over Mudville when the mighty Casey had struck out. At the other end of the swing, though there is the joy, hystercal as it may seem to be, which reigns over Brooklyn as the Dodgers prepare to murder the Yankees in the 1941 World Series, scheduled to make its official bow at the Yankees Stadium Wednesday afternoon at 1:30 o'clock No baseball populace is more rabid than that of Brooklyn; it will demonstrate this effectively from We'd nesday on.
 Never in the history of American base ball competition have the Tanks and the Dodgers clashed for championship rights. It's q years since Brooklyn won the National League pennant. Consequently, if feelings run high and if every Brooklyn resident briStles with fight it's only fair to explain that after all this is their day their time to crow - their season in which to exult and boast It may be short day. but for Brooklyn, short or long, it's all theirs.
 AS to the outcome of the Series classic coming up, we leave that to our brethren of the sports world. To the rabid fans, though, nothing is quite so rouSing as to have seen those "bums" come down the stretch with long neck pushed far ahead towards the finish line. It was grand and glorious finish, although some what exhausting for the high-strung person. If your casual observer, your radio-Side fan has to have popular choice for this years series, don't blame him if he deserts "Joe" McCarthys peer less Tanks in favor of the FlatbuSh flailers.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-09-29
Views Of The Press

way and cloverleaf connecting high ways at old Colony road and Mid- dletown road. That looks like busi- ness at least. but none can fail to realize that the job is stupendous one and will be a long time in the doing, until there Is a full connect ing link between the Berlin cutoff and the Merritt Parkway at Mill ford.
 There is also heavy construction at the Milford end as the Merritt Parkway is extended toward Ham, den. That it will go smack up against West Rock in New Haven and presumably the state has its plans all laid for piercing the mountain for a distance of 1200 feet. That will be crowning &C., complishment in both engineering and cost. An estimate of the ex- pense is $635,00, based on between $500 and $500 foot, and it must all come from dimes paid in tolls by users of the Merritt Parkway. The road-planners have argued that it would cost about as much to take the fancy highway around the Rock. the tunnel may cost still more If 1t should be found necessary to pro- vide light and forced ventilation. A slightly shorter tunnel in Virginia gets along without them.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-09-29

give everything we have to get Gods slightest blessing. But even those who have made the supreme renun- citation are often fearful and anx- ious, apparently not realizing that when they have met the spiritual requirements. God is willing with the whole perfection of His divine nature to begin pouring blessings into their lives.
 The requirements of God are real We must meet these requirements. sBut having met them, we should know that tn resources of God are infinite and that if we will but take the gifts God desires to give us, our lives will be rich indeed.
 Our Lord said, Be not anxious One way to avoid anxiety is to think more of Gods love and less of our own failings-more of His resources and less of His requirements.
 All Rights Reserved
 Babson Newspaper Syndicate
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-09-29

there Is only one. Thus, al- though the Turks have been pleading with the British for tanks. and declined last spring to enter into agreement with the British because the British could not supply tanks, U. $. ships carrying tanks may not be able to unload them for weeks at Suez.
 The first U. s. ships sent to Suez took more than four weeks to unload, and the Army fears that in unloading tanks now, a whole line of ships may have to wait for days-easy targets for Nazi bombers from Crete.
 That Is why the Army is es- pecially interested In the new flat t-bOttomed boats which the Navy finally was persuaded to bulld-much against its will. Tanks can be loaded onto these semi- -sc0ws under their own power, instead of being lowered into the hold by Q crane. Then, arriving at the other side, the tanks can back off the sc0w un- der their own power.
 NOTE-The Army also is much interested in these flat-bottomed boats for purposes of landing in- vading troops in a hurry. Artil- lery and tanks can be run of boats of this kind the minute they touch shore.
 NO ROOMS FOR RENT
 A young woman is looking for a bed and a bureau aid a place to wash her silk stockings. She has a job but she hasn't a home. She came to Washington, think ing 1t would be hard to find a job. She was wrong. And easy to find a room. Again wrong.
 Whether she is q blonde from Boston or a brunette from Ba- ton Rouge, she and her civil
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-09-29

State Motor Vehicle Commissioner John T. McCarthy's woes just simply seem to mount these days. He had ap- parently taken care of a Westchester County "peeve" voiced last week by an official who was told that Connecticut was going to make New Workers who work in Connecticut get Connecticut motor licenses. They couldn't do this to Vest chester County, so there was immediate talk of reciprocity. We'll, the commis- sioner managed to explain to the mis- understanding "outlander" that he didn't know as much as he thought he did, at least about Connecticut markers We aren't going to tax out-of-state drivers just because they come into Connecticut in the morning to work and return home at night. We want to tax, though the car owners who have come into Connec- ticut from other states during the past year and set up permanent residence here. They are now Connecticut drivers and the longer they operate their cars with license plates of the states they formerly live it, the longer they are break ing the law.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-09-29

But what we started to say in the be- ginning was this. Westchester County officials weren't the only ones to so hay wire on this subject. A Federal Works Agency official protested to Governor Robert A. Hurley about the ruling. There never was a ruling on the matter that was inconsistent or different from the law We have always had. And If all would have not misinterpreted the early announcement from the Motor Vehicle Department. Connecticut newspapers discussed, the matter pretty thoroughly and most of them were agreed that Com missioner Mccarthy was right in enforc- ing the law and making our new defense workers, now living in Connecticut, get licenses
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-09-29
War and Profits

Secretary Morgenthau's proposal to limit all business profits to six per cent for the period of the emergency has ere ated widespread comment. Especially when he would apply his plan to all bus mess, whether related to defense or not. Some little businessmen who have been struggling for years ask if he would have the government guarantee at least six per cent which looks good to most of them.
 Some business concerns are now enjoy
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-09-29

It may have slipped your attention, but last Friday was Indian Day in Con- necticut. Governor Robert A. Hurley issued a proclamation about it and the governor was positively lyrical in his statement, such as "Once more the beauty of autumn begins to ripen and glow III our woods, fields, and meadows. once again the armies of the asters and the hammered hosts of the goldenrod are ln- vsdino our river reaches. .'' Sounds like opening lines from Wilbur L. Cross, eh, what?
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-09-29

| ships In August was ofiuuV B1osS tons. That's four times the out put of August a year ago, but it's still not quite equal to the total shipping losses for August Of thlS year, low month.
 To get the correct picture of how inadequate that new output ot S4,- 900 tons a month really is, you have to compare 1t with the average monthly shipping losses of 3lo,0O0 gross tons for the "A months of the war. Or compare 1t with the peak losses of 80,0O0 tons for April, l94l, during the Grecian and Crete cam paigns, and 540,000 gross tons lest during the Dunkirk evacuation ot June, l940.
 FIGURES NOT
 ENCOURAGING
 There are no accurate or accepted figures on German and Italian shipping losses during the war, the British claims differing sharply with what the axis admits, Those losses, however, don't fit into this picture, whatever they are. It's the British, allied and neutral shipping loss that presents the problem and the total losses in two years of war are T. 442 000 gross tons, of which 4,689,0O0 gross tons are Brltih and 2,753000 gross tons are allied and neutral. In round numbers, that represents about l700 ships sunk.
 How close can the United States come to making up the loSseS2
 At the present time, this tonnage which has gone to the bottom ot tEe ocean Is greater than the entire U. s. merchant marine in salt water. This U. s. Seafaring merchant ma rine today in round numbers 1900 ships of 100000 gross tons. Of those ships, approximately 800 are in foreign commerce and 700 are in coastal trade. But all of them would not make up for the British, allied and neutral losses.
 Two sources Of supply are avail able to make up the losses. First Is the seizure of German, Italian, Danih and other tonnage laid up in North and South American ports. The U. s. ship acquisition act made 100000 tons of this shipping avail- able, and If Latin American repub- lies take similar action, they will provide 500,000 tons more But this total Is equal to less than 10 per cent of the losses by sinking. WILL ROLL IN 1942
 Big source of supply must there fore come from the U. s. shiphuild- Ing program now just beginning to roll but which will really get go- ing in l942. The Maritime CommiS- sion schedule calls for the com- pletion of 90 vessels, Q million tons, in the first quarter of the coming year For the second quarter, i46 ships of l, 400, 900 tons, For the third, l54 ships of l,646,0o0 tons. For the fourth, 1894 ships of 2,000,oo0 tons. The total for the year under this schedule will be STA ships of e'o4s'- 000 tons.
 If the prospective deliveries for the first quarter of l943-220 ships of 2,27o,000 tons are added to that io42 total-then, and only then, will the ship losses begin to be capitalized, But unless the submarine menace can be overcome completely, which Is an obvious imposSibllity, a lot more tonnage is going to be sunk In these next l8 months,
 So It's still a battle of construc- ton against tremendous odds.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-09-29
STUDYING FOREIGN
 LANGUAGES
(New York Sun)

NGNSW LII n 0uAAl
 A committee of outstanding edu- cators Is sponsoring a national cam paign to increase the study of for eign languages in schools of the United States. The objective is com mendable. Aside from the cultural value of language study there are dollars-and-cents reasons. Jobs in foreign trade, in international com munications, in the consular service, in the tourist business await those who can speak the other fellows language. Army officers are now be- ing encouraged to study Spanish and Portuguese; at this moment a few, unquestionably, are sweating over Icelandic.
 Yes, there are many reasons, both utilitarian and educational, for studying foreign languages and lit erature. But one reason commonly advanced by language enthusiasts and it is being repeated in the pres ent campaign-doesn't stand up un- der analysis. This is that it will create better understanding among nations and improve neighborliness. Look across the Atlantic. The multi lingulaism of educated Europeans often has been cited as a rebuke to compiacent one-language Americans. Yet the ability of Europeans to com- prehend one another's words ape parently has not helped them avoid periodic misunderstanding and war.
 This Is not to say that ignorance of foreign languages is prescrip- ton for peace. Let us study laIl- guages, but let us not delude olir- selves that merely by So doing we shall achieve international amlty. That will not be accomplished until we car do something to eliminate or control greed. covetcusness, Jeal- Ousy, suspicion and hatred.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-09-29

service sisters are looking for any respectable place that has a bed in the corner and q num- ber on the front door. They want a place to rest and an ad- dress for the letters from home.
 In normal times, the Govern ment brings to Washington as many as 2,000 new workers a year. Today the figure Is 2,000 6 month. Civil Service Commission esti- mates that in the next l6 months, 35,000 more defense workers will come to Washington.
 And most of them are women.
 Where will they sleep? A big man from Texas thinks he has the answer. Jesse Jones, who has as many government agencies tln- der his wing as there are hotels in Washington, has told one of these agencies to build a womarl's dormitory for defense workers.
 So Defense Homes Corporation, a subsidiary of REC, has drawn up plans and bought a site for the new home for women. It will be located on the north side of town, near Embassy Row" on Sixteenth Street.
 With a total of 750 rooms, some single and some double, the dormitory will house no less than 1000 women. Under government control, rents will be moderate. Already one New York agent made bid to take over operation of the hostel, but when not al- lowed to control rents, he backed out.
 Rules will be liberal in respect to using electric irons, and elec- trio coasters, but not in respect to entertaining young men. \ Jesse Jones will be protective godfather to all 1000.
 Copyright, 194l by United
 Feature Syndicate, Incl
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-09-29
Selected Poem
AUTUMN

AUTUMN (Seumas OBrien in the New York Sun) Old cracked Jack held up his head, T saw at evenings glow" he said, "The Master on mountain high, Scattering gifts as He went by, Fruitage of the sun and soil, Mans reward for ceaseless toll. Apples for the cider press, Nuts and berries, but not less, Washed by tears of day and night While swallows gather for their flight, Grapes to make the ruby wine, And keep us merry while We dine, Melons sweet, and golden corn, Enough. and more. for each one born. Everywhere I go l see A gift the Master left for me"