davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wilmington morning star., 1941-02-23
Three Solons
Measure
To Aid Britain
Senator McCarran Saws
Lease-Lend Bill Will Put
U. S. Into War
TAFT AIRS HIS VIEWS
Administration Discusses
Question Of Accepting
2 New Amendments
BY WILLIAM B.. ARDERY

WASHINGTON, Feb. 22.-R-
Three opponents hammered at the
administrations British aid bill in
the senate today, and one of them,
Senator McCarran D(-Nev). pre-
dicted it would put the United
States into war within go days
after its enactment.
Senator Teft (R-Ohio) said that
the bill would put the issue OF
war" before the country within six
months, and Senator Capper (R-
Kan) asserted that it would give
the President complete var max
ing powers
discuss Amendments
While the senate worked through
an extraordinary Saturday after
noon session in order to hasten
action on the bill, administration
supporters discussed among them
selves the question of accepting
two amendments-one suggesting
that the President consult legisla-
tive leaders from time to time on
OPS4 oI1ol1 VI I1S 11ltlSll dlu p1O-
gram, and another naming Brit
ain, Greece and China as h e
countries to be aided under the
bill.
Three of those in charge of the
measure-Senators Barley 3D.
Ky), George (D-Ga), and Connally
D-Tex.) said, however, that there
was no present plan to accept fur
Their revision of the bill, which al
ready has been amended by the
house and the senate foreign rela-
tons committee.
George told reporters that any
additional amendments might
have an adverse moral effect"
He said the changes might be in
Continued on Page Two; Col. 81
The Wilmington morning star., 1941-02-23

RALEIGH, Feb. 22.-R-U. S.
Senator Robert R. Reynolds OF
Asl eville, who recently took a
stand against the pending lease
lend bill allowing aid to Britain,
was denounced in the state house
of representatives today as a man
who had brought disgrace to North
Carolina.
In an unusual departure from
legislative procedure, Representa-
tive Grady Withrow of Rutherford
county rose on a point of special
ORDER and flayed Reynolds in a
manner seldom heard on the floors
of the general assembly,
In his speech, delivered in an
emotional tone, he did not mention
The Wilmington morning star., 1941-02-23
REDS DENY HAND
in new TREATY
Disclaim Any Active AS
sistance In Arranging Bull.
garian- Turkish Pact

MOSCOW, Feb. 23.-(Sunday)-
IRA terse statement by Tass, Of
fetal Soviet Russian news agency,
today disclaimed any active as
sistance by the U. S. S. R. in
arranging the recent Bulgarian
Turkish non-aggression accord.
The Tass statement said:
THE Swiss newspaper basler
(Basle) Nachrichten published a.
report alleging that the recent
agreement between Bulgaria and
Turkey was concluded with t e
active assistance of the Soviet
union. Tass is authorized to state
that this report does not CORE
spond to the facts"
The Bulgarian-Turkish accord,
signed last Monday, has been re-
garded by some Balkan observers
Continued on Page Two; Col. -
The Wilmington morning star., 1941-02-23
HOPE ABANDONED
FOR ALFONSO XIII
Extreme Unction Admins.
tered AS Ex-King's Con-
dition Grows Worse

ROME, Feb. 23.-(Sunday)-P-
Extreme JUNCTION was administered
late last night to Alfonso XIII for
mer king of Spain, as his condition
grew worse.
A person close to Alfonso's suite
said death may be a question OF
minutes-it may be a question OF
hours"
Alfonso sat in a chair in his hotel
room, awaiting the crisis. He was
too weak to be moved to his bed. X
At the ex-king's. own request, the
Spanish jesuit priest, Ulpiano
Lopez, was summoned to administer
the last rites of the church.
Seeing the members of his family
CONTINUED on Page Three; Col. 81
The Wilmington morning star., 1941-02-23

completed test-well was sunk by
e. Dennis Blake, of Wilmington.
The new equipment rushed here
today is operated by the Luftis
Drilling company, of Raleigh.
No immediate word was forth
coming from til d%rillers or Navy
department engineers on the site
as to what the first completed
test-well produced. It was sunk to
approximately 2 feet.
While well-drilling operations
progressed, surveying parties are
continuing finding and fixing of
property lines proposed to be in
cluded within the huge military
Continued OH Page Two; Col. y
The Wilmington morning star., 1941-02-23
Stirling Talk Is Expected
To Draw Big Crowd Here

Admiral Yates Stirling, ~interna-
tionally known naval authority, and
former chief of staff of the United
States fleet, will speak on the sub
ject, THE Challenge Across the Pa
cific," at SIS o'clock Monday
evening in the New Hanover High
school auditorium under the auspices
of Wilmington post No. 10, American
Legion.
Advance ticket sales and increas-
ing interest in the Importance of
Japanese question in the Pacific
indicate an audience of at least L.
900 persons.
Admiral Stirling will speak at II
o'clock Monday morning at the High
school, where he will be received
Continued on Page Two; Gel. 81
The Wilmington morning star., 1941-02-23
Is Played For
Stand Against Lend Bill

the junior senator by name, but
he asked that Reynolds name be
inserted in the house journal, to-
gether with a statement declaring
that Representative WithroW ex-
pressed "disapproval' Of the
junior senator's stand on the Brit
ish aid bill.
Withrow, after gaining the floor,
said, I'VE have in Washington a
man whom l helped put there, and
l want to apologize for it."
North Carolina" he continued,
has been d~isgraced in the Ameri-
can union during the last W
days. . I'd say that the man who
CONTINUED on Page Two: Col, y
The Wilmington morning star., 1941-02-23
City Manager Plan Vote
Date Will Be Set Soon
Southland Company
Announces Pay Hike

William Block, president of the
Southland Manufacturing Com
pany, of Wilmington, yesterday
announced a voluntary wage i'll
crease of 10 per cent for all en-
ployes of his ,ulrt factory.
The increase, which becomes
effective Wednesday. February
Is, covers approximately the 400
employees.
The Wilmington morning star., 1941-02-23
lest Well At Proposed
Marine Base Completed

JACKSONVILLE, Feb. %. An
Na'lon of the speed with which
Erg u. S. government is pushing
bon ''y US OF the proposed Sis, 900,
training base south of
vas seen today with the ar
so0jnr ol more test-well drilling
9lresd ,nent augmenting facilities
onao on the scene.
3urron We'll, located on the ]. W.
hnro property three miles south
IT, was capped yesterday,
N two %eulately drilling began
otler holes, one at Para
n pOlllt and the other at Had
punt on the New river. The
The Wilmington morning star., 1941-02-23
british ATTACK
INVASION COAST
Hfeat Aerial Engagements
Are Staged Over The
Strait Of Dover

LONDON, Feb. 22.-lRL Great
seIial engagements reminiscent
L. me mighty battles of last Au-
to ,an were fought hour upon hour
10y ABOVE the Strait of Dover,
fh o british bombers swept over
,o enamel in heavy force to at
h. N4 me Nazi invasion positions
A. we french and Belgian coasts.
one time more than 100 Ger
ana British planes twisted
vsr.b IN the sky, and German
E,rt 'lllpS-during a period of bril-
sunshine that alternated with
NOn'ihued on Page Two. Col. d,
The Wilmington morning star., 1941-02-23
WEATHER
FORECAST
North Carolina: Partly cloudy and
continued cold Sunday and Monday.

FORECAST
North Carolina: Partly cloudy anC
continued cold Sunday and Monday.
(By U. 8. Weather Bureau)
meteorological, Gaia for the "a hours
ending 1880 p. m. yesterday
Temperature
40 a. m So; 7:30 a. m. 80; 80 p. m
40; 7:3O p. m. 46; maximum SO; mini.
mum 20; mean Al; normal 40.
Humidity
1870 a. m. 80; 7:30 a. m. SO; 80 p. m
80; 1880 p. M. A.
Precipitation
Total for "a hours ending 1880 p m
600 inches. Total since first OF the
month 2.52 inches.
Tides For Today
(From Tide Tables published by U. S
Coast and Geodetic Survey.(
Wilmington ---------- 7:4Sa Iva
M%asonboro Inlet ----- 5:5sa 11;'sa
Sunrise 6 Asa sunset + :03p; moonr1se
4 :59a; moonset 3:59p..
Cape Fear river stage at Fayette-
vile on Feb. 22, at 8 a. M, lbs
feet.
Continued on Page Two; Coz =
Evening star., 1941-11-09

wounded and captured. He said Soviet
losses were 35o,OO0 killed and 1858 900
wounded or missing. Wartime statistics
are unreliable.
Even in the south of Russia, where
the German advance across the Ukraine
to the Donets Basin has been steady.
the tide turned last week. The Germans
were pushed back in the Donets, and
all week they made no progress in
Crimea. Last Sunday the Germans
claimed they are advanced to within 20
miles of Sevastopol, the great Russian
naval base on the Crimea. AT the weeks
end they were still 20 miles away. Un-
like Sheridan, who was 20 miles from
Winchester, they did not eat up the
intervening distance.
On the far northern front the Russian
war took on cosmic diplomatic overtones.
The Soviet. Great Britain and the United
States united in an effort to talk Fin
land into abandoning her part Of the
fight Thus far the effort has proved
unavailing
Evening star., 1941-11-09

or 1000, were listed for transfer from
field service to ground duty with the
Army Air Forces. Overage, with the
rank Of captain or lower, they are to act
as provost marshalS, drill masters, mess
and club officers and the like.
Though the rumor could not be con.
firmed, responsible intelligence has it
that the Army is engaged in studying
possible legislation that would perpetu-
ate Indefinitely the present status of the
National Guard. Its local duties would
be relegated to rear-hne formations un-
der the title of Home Guards. One ex-
pedient suggested is that Guardsmen be
mustered out as individuals instead of
units at the end of the 80 months of
service. Thus, it is argued, control of
the organizations framework would re-
main in the hands of the War Depart
ment.
Evening star., 1941-11-09
EUROPE'S HUNGRY ARE NOT IN GERMANY
Conquered Food Sustain Nozi Machine

food needs. and subordinating their in
dustrial machinery and all their re-
sources to the immediate requirements Of
her war effort
Europeans said to be suffering most
from hunger are prisoners of war, Jews
and the Poles. Reports say that the
Germans explain that lower races need
less room, less clothing, less food and less
culture"
Much of the food shortage in France
has been due, officials say, to "the de-
Hberate German policy" of cutting off
unoccupied France from the occupied
food producing areas.
Expect to Use Ukraine.
Germany exercises complete control
over transportation in all occupied
countries, with the effect that the trans
port requirements of the armed forces
leave little for the civilian needs Of the
conquered people" one report says
This German policy contributes as
much to the prevailing food shortages in
German dominated countries as lack of
foodstuffs."
The Germans expect to extract large
quantities of grain, oil seeds and other
vital products from the occupied Russian
Ukraine. Information is lacking on
how much food the Germans were able
to seize, or to what extent the fleeing
Russians we're able to carry out Stains
"scorched earth policy
1t is known, however, that the Ger
mans hope to get good crops from this
area next year.
TT is significant" says one report,
that apparently considerable increase
in the manufacturing Of farm equipment.
including tractors, took place in Ger
many on the eve of the Russo German
war This activity could not be wholly
accounted for by domestic or export
needs and may have been part Of the
preparation for the Russian campaign"
Evening star., 1941-11-09
War in Russia

At the time Stain announced his faith
in the German collapse he attributed
Russia's reverses in the war with Ger
many to lack of a second front in Eu-
rope and to the fact that no British
or American armies are fighting on the
continent. 1t was the most open in.
vitation to participation in the Eu-
ropean war that the United States yet
has received. Next day Washington
lent Russia sl,OOO,OOO ,OO0 England was
cautious about commenting on Stalin's
declared desire that the British distract
the Germans by operations on another
front. Reliable London sources said
plans for second fighting front were
ready to be put into effect when the
time is considered opportune' The
highly placed British Press Association
observed:
1T IS felt that Stain made it clear
that he appreciates that when real
opportunity arises-and that might be
very near-an additional front will be
created. Where that front will be is
something we do not propose to tell the
enemy"
Evening star., 1941-11-09
New Routes Are Opened
In Interior of China
Press Feature Service.

HONG KONG.-Modern Marco Polos
are developing dozens Of new travel
routes and reopening scores Of old ones
in the vast interior areas Of Free China.
Tang Wei-pin,' vice director Of the
China Travel Service, has told the story
here. giving for the first time facts and
figures on the immense stretches of the
interior open to travel by air, rail, water,
bus, sedan chair or horseback.
In the province of Kweichow, the
former isolated and sleepy capital city
of Kweiyang has become a thriving COM
munication center. From Kweiyang a
bustling highway now connects with
Changsha, to the east, while another
main road leads westward to Running,
the Chinese terminus of the Burma road.
From Chungking there Is the Sino-
Soviet international highway through
Chengtu, Tienshui. Lanchow Capital OF
the largely Mohammedan province Of
KansO and into Chinese Turkestan.
Evening star., 1941-11-09

Despite narrowing tales of food short
ages on the continent Of Europe. conf
dental Government reports hold little
hope that hunger and malnutrition will
contribute materially to the defeat of
Germany.
Early expectations that the British
blockade would be able to bring about
hunger and collapse in Germany as 1t
Gid in the first World War have largely
been abandoned.
Reports based on diplomatic COM
munications and stories told by officials
and private citizens returning from Eu-
rope indicate that millions of Europeans
are suffering from hunger. Many are
expected to die of starvation. Others
may succumb to diseases resulting from
malnutrition.
But American authorities now say that
few of the hunger victims are Germans,
particularly those which most directly
sustain Hitler's military, industrial and
agricultural effort.
There is plenty of evidence, the re-
ports state, that the German militarists.
remembering a lesson from the other
war that it was not enough just to avert
starvation for the population at large.
are exploiting the food-productive ca
pacity of conquered Europe to feed their
own people relatively we'll.
Continent Almost Self-Sufficient.
Despite industrial Europe's long
time dependence upon overseas markets
for part of its food supply. the conti-
nent has sufficient productive capacity
under normal conditions and with proper
rationing to maintain its population on
a diet conducive to health.
Statistics place Europe's food SELF
suficiency all the way from IS to IS per
cent Much Of the deficiency has been
in protein foods, such as corn and oil
cake, imported from abroad to supply
livestock and dairy industries. which in
turn exported large quantities to Great
Britain. So the actual deficiency OF the
continent itself may be said to be only
between 10 and Is per cent-an amount
that could be taken up by little belt
Tightening and rationing.
NOVSIIullC1lU pOA 10 ody, AAO"S'SA, eAAN-S
the war has interfered to considerable
extent with production and caused
a consequent reduction in self-sufhciency
and the appearance of severe food short
ages. But in spite of this reduction,
which occurred in Germany as well as in
the conquered countries, rations in the
Reich are said to be at almost pre-war
levels.
The reports state that the German
production is being supplemented by
supplies being drained from the con-
quered countries and from reserves accu-
mulated before the war in apparently
larger quantities than heretofore
thought.
Factors which are said to be interfer-
ing with normal production Of food in
clude shortages in farm labor. draft ami
mails, farm machinery requirements,
motor fuel, fertilizers and transportation
facilities.
In Germany itself millions Of farm
Evening star., 1941-11-09

a long face and ask: How is your raid
to be fed?"
I should ask the navy and merchant
marine. II we can send tanks to Arch
angel, we can surely keep a raid going
now that the battle of the Atlantic has
turned in our favor. Lord Strabolgi is
a naval man who seems to have no
doubts about that. We may find that
we cannot only spread those raids, We
may even start distributing the stacked
up produce of the American Middle West
where it is most deserved.
There are such things as iron rations
and though our military people seem to
regard it as an ungentlemanly idea, we
have to remember Jerry's bluff and
bogus forces in the west must have
quite lot of capturable supplies. This
is not the invasion Of the continent
which we are being trained to regard
with such terror by our large and inf1uen-
tial Quisling press. 1t is series of
young soldiers military exercises. There
ought not to be single soldier in any
of these raids over 40.
Cant Win Wars With Gorts."
lam sure every intelligent Enghsfman
would insist on that point. It is young
soldiers we want to find out. The ira
dition Of subservience to influential SUI
periors in the professional army is
thoroughly bad one and any one who
has read the dismaying dispatches OF
Gen. Lord Gort. casting blame on every
one but himself, must realize that the
man who can hold on in the army after
40 must be a self-protective man with
out any vigorous initiative. You can't
win wars with Gorts. But these young
soldiers are as yet unspoiled. There
they are.
Why are these obvious steps not being
taken now? In previous newspaper
article pointed out unambiguously the
prevalent disinclination Of certain In
fluential quarters to settle our accounts
with the Nazis in this phase Of our
opportunity. The British people are ex-
tremely law-abiding and stout-hearted,
but they are growing more impatient
with the existing order Of things here
than they have ever been before.
They don't like waiting about until
Jerry sees At to hit them. They are
literally spelling for fght. They want
to be in the war. They are bitterly
ashamed at the figure we are cutting
in the eyes of the world at this present
crisis.
(North American Newspaper AIlisnce)
Evening star., 1941-11-09
By H. g. Wells.

there if he is sent anywhere He will be
given staff of kindred applicants and
told to work day and night with them
to get his equipment. He may have to
go tomorrow. He may not go at all
But that is his job and he will not be
switched to anything else for a while
Number Two is half French. He spent
his summers in Brittany. He has BIZ
cycled all over Northwestern France.
He has friends still there. He is set to
work out his raid for Brittany. He
would be out Of his element in Norway or
Nigeria. He will be at his maximum eff.
fclency on this particular assignment.
60 to 70 Raid Commanders?
So we pass through our volunteers.
Here is a soldier to start the Sicilian YES
pers and here is soldier who has had
to look after his fathers business inter-
ests in West Africa. Suppose we appoint
and set so to 10 of these raid commanders
with their staffs to concentrate imme-
diately on the best military exercise in
the world-Serious preparation for real
warfare.
And now, remember, we have the Royal
Air Force and the Navy watching the
long, exposed western front of the NaZis.
Acting upon their reports, suddenly we
launch raid Number II, raid 16, raid 81,
dozens of them. Each of them Is like an
irritating dart at Jerry's exposed rear.
Raid 16 may be in luck. 1t may catch
a mere bluff defense: it may find a
bogus. regiment of old men and boys.
Jerry may have been doing a little ter
rorism and the whole country may rise.
We develop that raid. Jerry then will
have to bring up troops at that point.
1t will be like center of Inflammation
in his back and he can only do that by
hurrylng up troops from somewhere else,
somewhere a score of miles or 100 miles
away. It he does that, raid IA or raid
Is comes into action go miles away. The
Royal Air Force would bomb Jerry,s
communications and reliefs and he will
have to bring more and more of his
resources to the afflicted spot or recall
material and men from Russia.
This will be rather better than the war
office idea of raid, which consists, I
gather, of suddenly sending the wrong
men to the wrong place at the wrong
time with no proper preparation.
Expend Men, Anyway.
Maybe raid 16 will be out of luck. The
Royal Air Force observers may have let
him down. Or that particular young
soldier may not be as bright as we
hoped. Raid 16 then must put up as
good a fight as possible and use up the
Germans anyhow. In warfare at times
you have to lose men, ships and planes.
They are from the point Of view Of war
fare pieces in the game. The greatest
chess champion loses pieces. The thing
no force has any right to lose is its un-
exploded ammunition.
I ask you, what is wrong with this?
Defeatist- -Hessites and their friends
among the experts who seem to write
! only to spread doubt and dis.nay draw
Evening star., 1941-11-09
War of Words

The world heard interesting messages
during the week from Churchill, Stain
and Josef Goebbels, the propaganda
genius of Germany. Their words are
part of the ammunition of the war.
Stain chose the eve of the oath ami
versary OF the Bolshevik revolution,
Thursday, to make his
Stolin's first public address since
sEorerosf his speech the day after
Germany went to war on
the Soviet in June The policy of the
Red Army Is to destroy the Germans
to the very last man." he said. The
next day he issued statement, pre-
dieting that within a few months. per-
haps year. the Reich would collapse
under the weight of her own crimes"
He added:
Germany is bleeding to death, facing
disaster"
On Friday, too, Prime Minister
Churchill had pleasant words During
an inspection tour of the Tynesde he
said:
I'VE have passed through the darkest
and most perllous side of this struggle
and are once more masters of our own
destiny.
"The Russians are struggling and bat
Ting vigorously with results that are
particularly significant"
He gave a hint. however, that he did
not expect the Germans to collapse to-
morrow. He said the British are moving
and looking forward, however long the
road"
Friday was the day for Josef Goebbels
to examine the dark side of life. In
the weekly Das Reich publication of
the Propaganda Ministry he heads
Goebbels wrote:
Axis powers are really fighting for
bare existence, and the worries and
distress which we all must bear in the
war would pale in the face of the in
Evening star., 1941-11-09

ferno which would await us If we were
to lose. The chance which the
German nation possesses is indeed its
greatest, but also its last"
This is a different tone from the
countless speeches and manifestos of
the Nazis hailing new order" some.
thing far more brilliant than bare exist
ence," and foreseeing soon complete VIC
tory. But Mr.. Goebbels still hopes:
I'VE can be victorious and we will be
victorious.
Just as war which is won will bene-
fit us all, so a war which is lost would
smash us all up. AS always in the
great hours of history our people has its
fate in its own hands"
Evening star., 1941-11-09

In the war of guns and death, as
opposed to the war of words, the Rus
slams were holding their
Moscow own and, indeed, improv-
Impose ing their situation. Berlin
admitted the drive on Mos
COW was stopped dead. London sources
heard that Russian counterattack on
Volokolamsk in the central sector was
apparently developing into such a pow
erful offensive that 1t might reopen
Moscow-Leningrad communications and
relieve the long siege of Leningrad.
Volokolamsk is IS miles northwest OF
Moscow.
More and more it appeared that the
Germans were in for a grim, glum win
ter in the trenches around both Lenin-
grad and Moscow. The war of move
ment is becoming war OF position.
Except in Africa, field OF limited opera
tions possibilities, this is a new expert
ence for the Nazis.
Stain put the price OF the Russian war
for the Germans at 4,500 900 men killed,