davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1941-06-22
Army Air Force Made
Autonomous Under
Unified Command
New Organization Seen
As Answer to Moves
For independence
By GOULD LINCOLN.

Creation of the Army Air Forces"
designed to bring about autonomy
of the air arm rather than segre-
gated independence, was announced
yesterday by Secretary of War Stim-
son in letters addressed to the
chairmen of the Senate and House
Military Affairs Committees.
The Army air arm remains
under the jurisdiction of the War
Department in the new Setup.
Secretary Stimson in his letters in
sisted that the new organization
provided in his order, would be
more effective and better suited
to present needs than an inde-
pendent air force under a new de-
partment of aviation as provided
in pending bills.
The Army Air Forces will be
organized into the Headquarters
Army Air Forces, the Air Force
Combat Command and the Air
Corps. The chief of the Army Air
Forces-uniting the whole air arm
into a co-ordinated whole-will be
Maj. Gen. Henry H. Arnold. who
is deputy chief of staff for air.
The Air Force Combat Command
will be commanded by 1t. Gen.
(See AIR FORCE, Page A-12)
Evening star., 1941-06-22
Mr.. X Decided He Was for America First,
So u. S. Didn't Get His Private Plane

Notwithstanding repeated attempts
to reach you we have had no reply
from you. We have tried to reach
you at Pyramid Lake. New; Glen
brook, New; Sea Island, Ga; Santa
Barbara, Calf; Medford, Greg, and
through your secretary to advise us
where you could be reached by tele-
gram, telephone, radio or alrplane
courier"
Telegram May IL received by Mr..
Jones:
Just returned from camping trip
and found your wires. Do not con-
slider my type plane essential for
England's defense and being more
interested in America first desire to
keep it conserved for Americas pos
sible secondary defense. Therefore,
refuse to turn this ship over and
will protest any seizure. II any time
(see Mr.. x. Page A-4J
Evening star., 1941-06-22
Ry the Associated Press.

Mr.. x was for America first. and
so the Government didn't get his
private plane, which it wanted lin
order to meet an immediate and
urgent military requirement" He
is the only man in the United States
who refused to turn in his Lock-
heed Lodestar Model 18.
President Roosevelt, without
identifying the man, told Congress
the story yesterday by releasing five
kilograms between Mr.. x, Secretary
of Commerce Jones and Arthur
Whiteside, chairman of the Com
mercial Aircraft Priority Commit
tee, o. P. M. Here they are:
Telegram April 27 from Mr..
Whiteside to the man whose name
was withheld:
In order to meet an immediate
and urgent military requirement re-
quests are being made to all private
owners Of Lockheed model 10 air.
Evening star., 1941-06-22
BY the Associated Press.

BY lp6 Associated FEeSS.
PORTSMOUTH, N. H., June 21.-
The first two attempts by Navy
divers to reach the preSsure-crushed
submarine % failed today, and the
probability grew that the craft and
her SO dead had found permanent
grave 440 feet below the surface of
the Atlantic.
The second effort resulted in de-
scent of $40 feet-the deepest work.
ing dive ever made in the North
Atlantic-but the tremendous pres
sure at that depth, said the Navy
laconically. forced difficulty in
breathing"
Earlier, Frank Knox, Secretary of
the Navy, returned from the scene
to report that "at that depth 1t is
highly improbable that salvage
attempt would be undertaken"
He said some form of service"
would be held over the spot where
Evening star., 1941-06-22

planes, irrespective of the use to
which those airplanes are now put,
to make them available to fill this
requirement. I have been asked to
determine whether or not you will
voluntarily turn back your model 18
to the manufacturer at the earliest
possible date, but not later than
May 2, either for cash reimburse
ment or replacement at an indefi-
mite future date. A prompt tele-
graphic response is requested. You
are reminded that such delivery for
military purposes would call for no
publicity"
Telegram May to the same man
from Mr.. Jones:
"All plane owners requested to
transfer transport type planes to
the Government for emergency
needs have responded except you.
I do not want to believe that you
are less patriotic than others, but
Evening star., 1941-06-22
Navy Diver Fails to Reach 90
At Record Depth of $40 Feet
Pressure Forces Croker to Surface,
Navy Renews Attempts During Night

the 23-year-old submarine rested
upon a muddy clay bank. If it was
decided she could not be raised.
Died rs Heroes.
Obviously moved, Knox expressed
a reluctance to speak publicly at any
length.
Those poor fellows are dead out
there" he explained. They are just
as much heroes as if they had died
in action"
George Crocker. 30-year-old ma
tive of Seattle, Wash, made the
first two diving attempts today, and
even after he finally had been
hauled up, Rear Admiral Richard
Edwards, commander of the sub
marines in the Atlantic fleet, an
nounced the diving efforts would
continue.
In a brief message from the sub
(See SUBMARINE. Page ABB
Evening star., 1941-06-22
Government Asks Gifts
Of Discarded Aluminium
BY the Associs ted Press.

BY the Associsted Press.
Housewives throughout the Nation
were asked by the Government yes
terday to contribute their discarded
aluminium pots and pans to the de-
fense program. A Nation wide drive
for collection of such aluminium
probably will be conducted for one
week in July.
The Office of Production Manage
ment decided on the campaign after
it had conducted tests in Madison,
Wis, and Richmond, Va, which
brought in approximately 10000
pounds. The aluminium collected
will be sold by the o. P. M. and the
funds probably will be used In the
civilian defense program.
Evening star., 1941-06-22
Body of Fourth Victim
In Gun Affroy- Found
u, the Associated Press.

~ the Associated Press.
LAS VEGAS, New, June 2l.-Of-
ficers found the body of 21-year-old
Galen Gilmore on a desert road to-
day and listed him as the fourth
victim of gunfre in a domestic
quadrangle.
James Clark, police investigator,
said w. j. Tyler, "a, a railroad
brakeman, killed his wife, Evelyn,
81; Gilmore, and Charles j. Deck
er. "a, also brakeman.
Tyler, sitting at bar, killed ilim-
self yesterday as officers entered
with drawn guns to arrest him for
killing Mr.. Decker. A few minutes
later they found the body OF Mrs.
Tyler in Gilmore's automobile.
Evening star., 1941-06-22
Senator Harrison Weaker;
Family Fears End Near
Bv the Associated Press.

Bv the Associated Press.
Senator Harrison, Democrat, of
Mississippi grew steadily weaker
last night and his family feared the
end was drawing near
His physician, DR.. Sterling Ruffin,
said yesterday after an afternoon
call on his patient that Senator
Harrison was not as we'll as Friday
and tina this condition was grave" &"
The 59-year-old Senator Harrison,
President pro tempore of the Sem
ate and chairman of its powerful
Finance Committee, underwent an
operation for an intestinal obstruc-
ton Monday,
Evening star., 1941-06-22
$500, 900 U. S. Arms Loon
Granted to Costu Ricu

By the Associated Press.
SAN JOSE, Costa Rica, June 21.-
An official announcement tonight
said the United States Government
had granted Costa Rica $500,OOO
credit to acquire war material,
chiefly for anti-aircraft guns.
Evening star., 1941-06-22

British and Free French inDdd-
ed Syria and Lebanon tho tOeeks
ago in preventive moUe against
anticipated German use OF
French inundated territories for
attacks on Suez Canal. Spear
heads droUe into Syria from Pal
eStine, TrdnS-Jordan and IrGQ,
but progress no1Chere has been
rapid.
Ry the Associated Press.
CAIRO. June 2l-The ancient
capital city of Damascus, city OF
1000 years of war-spotted history,
fell today to the British and Free
French Armies on the 14th day of
their invasion of French-mandated
Syria, the British Near East COM
mand announced tonight.
The Allied forces marched into
the ancient Moslem capital just "a
hours after they began to shell it
with big guns. This bombardment
was launched after French High
Commissioner Gen. Henri Dentz had
refused a British ultimatum to with
draw his defending troops.
(The German radio reported
that British artillery had de-
stroyed Mezze, western suburb of
Damascus, with artillery fire
prior to fall of the capital A
French dispatch from Beirut,
Syria, indicated that the capital
itself may not have been de-
Tended. This dispatch said French
troops withdrew from the city,
after which it was occupied by
the British.
The French, in dispatches from
Beirut, admitted they had been
forced to withdraw from the cap
ital to positions to the north,
where it was said the Vichy
troops were taking up new de-
fense positions.
The British radio also said
French forces were retreating
northWestWard toward Beirut.
The radio said this meant the
main body of French in the man
date would be concentrated in
front of that coastal city and
that the main battle for Syria
might take place there.
Just before the fall of DamaS-
Gus, the French admitted the
British had almost surrounded
the city and were holding posi-
tions from only a mile to 6 miles
outside its gates.)
Gen. Charles de Gaulle told
Reuters, British news agency, his
Free French forces entered the
city at pm.
Allies Delayed Attack.
The British and Free French
forces which entered Damascus had
smashed their way to within 10
miles of the city in the first three
days of their penetration of Syria,
but stiff resistance and an avowed
British reluctance to carry the
fighting into the capital itself made
further progress slow.
The fall of Damascus, believed
to be the oldest inhabited city in
CAAS WI ~ NulllC GWo WCCh-o
after Syria'S frontiers were first
crossed on the opening day of the
campaign June 8.
The attacking forces apparently
closed in hard in their final thruSts
from both the south and west, with
hard fighting today just outside
Damascus. The city, with its mar
row streets, plaster and wood build
ings and 200 mosques. was reported
shelled prior to its fall.
The British and Free French ran
into their first strong resistance in
the drive on Damascus 10 days ago
at the town of Kissoue, 10 miles to
the south. Thence they made their
way northward only slowly. while
(See SYRIA, Page A-3)
Evening star., 1941-06-22
GERMANY DECLARES WAR ON RUSSIANS:
HITLER ASSA|LS SOVIET AS ARMIES MOVE
Germans Chorqe
Soviet Had Secret
British Treaty
By the Associated Press.


NEW YORK, June 22-The
German radio announced early
this morning that within the
next "a hours representatives of
the international press will be
given documentary proof that
the Soviet Union came to a Sc
cret understanding with Great
Britain behind Germany's back,
N. B. c. reported.
Evening star., 1941-06-22
BULLETIN.
b. the Associated Press.

b. the Associated Press.
LONDON, Sunday, June 22.-The
r, A. F. last night carried out an
unceasing bombardment OF Channel
ports and Northern France, cap
ping a smashing daylight offensive
in which masses of planes, $50 to
the wave, were used to batter the
Luftwaffe and its bases.
The roar of explosions was heard
on the Kentist coast from the set
ting in of darkness until dawn as
British bomberS pounded away at
targets which have been battered
and rent for the eleventh day by
Britains heaviest and newest bombs.
Attacking with force which OBJ
servers on the coast said was as
great as that which Germany sent
against this country in the battle
of England last fall, the British re-
ported % German planes shot down
in the fierce air fights which de-
veloped in the series of tran-channel
raids yesterday.
For these victories. the British
SAID. they paid toll of five R. A. F.
machines.
Tonichts attacks seemed to strike
much deeper into the occupied ter
ritory than is usual, besides hitting
the coast.
In return. the Germans appeared
up to a late hour to have directed
no extensive thrust at this country.
But the British said two night
bombers of the German airforce
had been brought down.
In the greatest day" of the bat
tie of Britain last September Is
Germany sent over two waves of
$50 and two of 100, and British
claimed a total bag of 1875.
Around midnight tonight the r.
A. F. was at it again, giving the
Nazi-held Channel bases blasting
that made the ground tremble
along the English Kent coast on
this side.
(The Rome radio announced
tonight that the R. A. F. for the
18th consecutive night had ham,
mered Western Germany "caus-
ing some losses in civilian life
and domestic dwellings" The
broadcast was picked up in New
York by N. B. c.
1T was the fighter commands
most successful day of operations
since the battle of Britain last year
and two of the largest sweeps yet
made over enemy territory since our
fighters resumed the offensive" the
Air Ministry said.
Striking Demonstration.
The attacks which continued
through the full light of the years
longest day and on into the long
twilight, were described by United
States Army and Navy air OBJ
servers as the most striking DEM
Evening star., 1941-06-22
Phone Lines Interrupted

BUDAPEST, June 81 (P.-Tele-
phone communica tions between
Budapest and Berlin have been III
terrupted for the past four days.
Evening star., 1941-06-22

B. the Associated Press.
The Government. extending far
reaching control over all manu-
featuring use of rubber, yesterday
suspended private imports from the
Far East and ordered civilian con-
sumption cut 20 per cent in the
next six months.
At the same time, it acted to
guard against sharp rises in auto
mobile tire prices by announcing
that a ceiling" would be established
within a few days that would pro-
vide, in effect, that prices may not
exceed those charged on June Is.
Federal Loan Administrator Jones
announced that effective June % the
Rubber Reserve Co., a Government
corporation, would become the sole
buyer for crude rubber exported
(See RUBBER, Page A-14)
Evening star., 1941-06-22
i. ). Assumes Control
Of Rubber Imports;
Civilian Use 10 Be Cut
20 Pct. Reduction in Next
Six Months Ordered;
Ceiling for Tire Prices
BACKGROUND


The Government Udrned Fri
day that rubber uses soon lDould
be cut to the bone because of
defense needs, although officials
emphasized no present shortage
eriSts. Rubber for America
comes By ship from the Neither
lands Indies and British Malaga.
Since the European lOar's Begin
ming, officials and private chem
ical firms haze tOorked on de-
uelopment of synthetic rubber
and the Agriculture Department
has encouraged development OF
Latin American rubber planta-
tions, in order to bring the United
States nearer the source of sup
ply.
Evening star., 1941-06-22
Finnsond Rumonions
Already on March in
Giqontic Offensive
GoebbeIs Reads Denunciution
Of Treaty; Work of OGPU
In Reich Is Attacked
BULLETIN.

BERLIN, June % (P).-German troops are smash
ing their way into Soviet Russia in defensive war,
Foreign Minister Joachim Won Ribbentrop said today
in note addressed to the Soviet government.
Evening star., 1941-06-22
Reich S Move
Is Sensation
In Capital
Senator Pepper Urges
Quick Leuse-Lend
Aid to Russiu
By the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
Germany's move against Rus
sia created a sensation in dip
lomatic quarters here last night
and caught Government officials
unprepared for a development
of such far-reaching significance.
President Roosevelt had re-
tired early, before Adolf Hitler's
proclamation was read over the
German radio, and White House
aides said that SO far as they
knew, he was not awakened for
the news.
Secretary of State Hull was
advised Immediately, but he and
other State Department officials
remained at home since the de-
partment SO far lacked any official
reports on the sudden development
In view of slow communications,
it was expected that direct word
from American diplomats abroad
would not reach here for several
hours.
Despite widespread rumors Of
RusSian-German tension for sew
eral days, Hitler's decision to turn
his armies eastward came as a dis
tinct surprise at this time.
Chairman George of the Senate
Foreign Relations Committee said
the move will give the United
States time to meet all its commit
ments. including aid to Great Brit
ain and the building up of our
own defense"
Pepper Urges Aid to Russia.
Senator Pepper, Democrat, of
Florida, a committee member, re-
marked that "the President should
declare tomorrow morning that
Russia will be a recipient of the
lease-lend program.
Senator Pepper asserted that Hit
ler's move made it plain that he
is going to get rid of every country
which threatens him. so he can
advance against England and the
United States later on"
When you are in a fight" he
added, you can't be too choosy
about a fellow who steps in and
helps you out"
Hitler again is demonstrating.
Senator George observed, that he
will not let any country run counter
to his interests.
Hitler wants to be certain of two
points-that he will have Russian
war material and will close his east
ern door against attack and that
he may be able to obtain some prop
aganda advantage from an attack
against the Soviet"
"Finns' Only Enemy Hunger"
The only diplomat to comment
last night was Hjalmar Procope, the
Finnish Minister, who said that
''Finlands only enemy is hunger"
He issued the following statement:
Il have had no information from
Helsinki about the general situation.
Finland is in the midst of interna-
tional troubles for the moment. In
a statement made by President Risto
Ryti to an American newspaper
man yesterday he emphasized that
Finlands only enemy is hunger.
FINLAND is an independent and
sovereign state. She is ready to
fight for freedom, but her firm and
sincere wish is to keep friendly re-
lationS with all nations. We Firms
(See REACTION, Page AID
Evening star., 1941-06-22
Wave on Wave
OF R.A.F. Planes
Pound Nazis
Ports Of Channel
Blasted 1lth Day
OF Offensive
BACKGROUND

BACKGROUND
Germany entered the mar in
1889 NTH DdSt superiority ODer
Britain in aircraft, and in the
big air battles oUer Britain last
September British fighter planes
Dere credited NTH SaUing Eng
land from quick defeat. British
plane productions has been so
stepped up in last year that Ger
mdny'S margin OF supremacy, re-
duced BY henDy losses in the
numerous battles she has fought,
has been sharply curtdiled.
BULLETIN.
LONDON, June % OR. A.
p. bombers attacked Western
Germany last night, an author
itative source said. 1t was the
l1th consecutive night of these
attacks.
Evening star., 1941-06-22
Weather Forecast

Prom the United States Weather Bureau report.
Full Details on PAGE Az.
and tomorrow. Temperatures yesterday
Highest, 96; lowest, 10.
Evening star., 1941-06-22

(See RAIDS, Page A-5D
Evening star., 1941-06-22
Ancient Damascus
Falls 10 British
And Free French
Allies March Into
MosIem Capitol After
Two Weeks Siege
BACKGROUND

BACKGROUND
British and Free French inDdd-
ed Syria and Lebanon tho tOeeks
ago in preventive moue against
anticipated German use OF
French h-mdnddted territories for
attacks on Suez Canal Spear
heads droUe into Syria from Pal
eStine, TranS-Jordan and Iraq,
but progress nolOhere has been
rapid.
Evening star., 1941-06-22

Continued on Page AS. Column -
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-05-12

know how elaborate her plans were. I know only that she organized q
 mothers picnic. By ore means or another she persuaded mothers from all the county to come. Of course they couldn't or didn't come alone, The mothers persuaded their sons to come. Some of those sons had fought in the Blue and some in the Grey but that day they came to the picnic as their mothers sons. I suppose there was Q good bit of stiffness and constraint at first but before the day was over man after man had lost the old bitterness, had shaken hands with the men against whom he had fought and in one form or another had said, Let's be friends again."
 We are told that Anna Jarvis was not even born when they held that picnic but 1t was 6 story she heard In the days of her childhood. She knew her mother as that kind of a mother in Israel in the little West Virginia town in which she was brought up. Mrs. Jarvis had been dead for thirty-flve years now but her daughter remembers how the day before she died she said, Anna, I must get well. There is 90 much work for me to do"
 The first Mothers Day then, If you accept this story, was held not in 6 church but in Gods great out of doors. And the thing that stands out is that the claim of mothers upon their sons affection was used by Q wise mother to bring peace and concord Into Q troubled, embittered community. The way of understand ing, good will, trust and confidence has not failed but we have failed our calling. If the family of nations Is embroiled in deadly conflict 1t is because men have not learned tho simple lessons of family life. The law of the mother is the law of kindness, affection and sacrifice and in that way Is the law Of life.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-05-12
SOCIAL TO CLIMAX
 CLOSING PROGRAM
"Learning. g.to.Listen" Pu. pills, Friends to Attend
 Final Offering Tonight

The final "Learning-to-Li Listen" music class of the season will take place this evening ct 7:i6 in the
 music room of the Bronson Library, according to an announcement made by Dr. T. J. Condon, superintend- ent of schools.
 The closing session of the course will be celebrated by a social gath ering of all members of the class Miss Eleanor Dodd, 8 member of the class, iS chairman of the social assisted by Miss Mary Sheehan. In addition to celebrating two and Q half years of musical growth, this evenings program will also honor Miss Alice Fitzpatrick, 0 loyal sup- porter Of the music classes and 0 former teacher. All members of the "Learning-to-Listen" Adventures iia Music" and waterbury Pops con- certS" are cordially invited to at- tend this evenings program, which will feature Cesar Francks Sym phony in D Minor" probably his greatest work. Church.like in char acter, Franck'S works are character ized by chromatic alterations, and this symphony is particularly rich Tn this art. The syncopated English horn solo is justly famous and is interWoven in the various move. mentS of the work by this master composer.
 Toscha Seidel, William Primrose and Pablo Casals will be heard re- spectively in Q violin and violin cello sol. Tomorrow evening ct 730 in the Crosby High School Audito- rum, an advance observance of T Am An American" Day, proclaimed by President Roosevelt for May i8, will Do celebrated by Q special con- cert played by the State WPA band, composed of fifty musicians. Tn ad- dition, prominent speakers will be heard, including Mayor Vincent Scully, pr. Thomas J. Condon and pr. John Walker of the Second Congregational Church. The Boy Scouts of America and the Girl Scouts of America will participate in the program. which will open with the Pledge of Allegiance" A AAABkAAHkAV VA tAA0 VVVhAsb PASbA@hh will be Q short message, from Q newly made Citizen, student Of the Americanization classes spon- sored by the WPA adult education program of Waterbury. American Ideals and democracy are our cher. ished possessions and we shall shout 1t farom the hill-tops," said Walden Trimble, local WPA supervisor, in charge of the arrangements of the local T Am An American" Day observance.
 The band concert Is offered with out charge: the program will include patriotic airs and marches, as well as American compositions.
 Because of the concentrated ef- forts in making this an outstanding concert, the regular Wednesday evening Pops" concert will not be held this week. Instead, the band concert, will ofiicially mark the clos ing of this seasons Pops" concerts.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-05-12
PROGRAM PLANNED FOR AMERIC ANlSM
WPA Band to Play at Patriotic Exercises To.
 morrow Night

Mayor Vincent A. scully will head Q list of city and state of- ficlals who will attend c special WPA band Concert tomorrow night at the Crosby High School audl- torium in an advanced observance of T Am An American" day, pro- claimed by President Roosevelt for May is.
 The band, made Up of 50 pieces comes from Bridgeport and hai played ct concerts throughout the state.
 supt. of Schools Thomas J. Con. don and pr. Rev. John Q. Walker are also expected to participate in the activities.
 The Boy Scouts and Girl Scouts will take part in the program which will open with . pledge of allegiance to the flag.
 A highlight Of the program will be- . short message from c newly made citizen, Q student Of the ATner!canization classes sponsored by the WPA adult education pro- gram.