davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1941-09-24

modified form of shogunal government
controls Japan
The old Shogunal administration was
ended when the military dictator's pre-
tension Of right to ratify a treaty with
the United States was challenged by
clans desirous of abolishing the unlawful
regime and exalting the Emperor.
A supposition is increasing in America
that the Japanese politicians are do
ing to the nations constitution, which
was free grant from the Emperor, what
they profess to be doing to the rights Of
nations, and that they would wager the
throne and the lands future for a mirage.
The Emperor, with pride and glory, can
avert such fate, and Japan, by partici-
patlng with the moral peoples in the la
Dor of devising sounder and lasting
foundations for the society of nations,
in which equal rights will be respected
and enlightened contentment realized.
can fulfill her destiny.
EDWARD CONN.
Defends Gen. Maxwell's Administration
OF Export Control Office.
To the Editor of The Star:
The recent shift, announced by Vice
President Wallace, placing Export Control
under the Economic Defense Board and
ousting Brig. Gen. r. L. Maxwell as
administrator, has been described by
some critics as reflection on Gen. Max
wells administration and as sensible
move to eliminate inefhciency. The
truth lies far from this.
The very nature of his assignment
placed Gen. Maxwell between two fires.
On one hand he was told to conserve
the Nations resources for national de-
fense, and on the other he was directed
to maintain as far as possible normal
foreign trade. Such a tight rope act
became more and more difficult as the
United States began to take on the
aspect of a world arsenal, and 1t Is
tribute to the man that this delicate
balance has been maintained. If Latin
America has not received the quantity
Of materials 1t would like, neither has
Russia nor our own industry
A poll of those who have done business
with Export Control-either exporters or
constructive Government oficials-would
reveal that Gen. Maxwell's Office has had
the reputation for getting things done.
Further evidence of this may be had by
examination of Mr.. Wallace's announced
plans for Export Control. The entire
Office is being taken over and will con-
tinue to function as before. This, GER
tainly, is tacit approval of Gen. Maxwell's
methods and organization.
Thus, this upheaval of Export Control,
this transplanting operation, is in a
sense, a victory for Gen. Maxwell. Re
turned to the War Department to resume
his former and not inconsequential
duties, he still has the satisfaction of
knowing that the ship he built and
launched is seaworthy and under full
sail. 1t has new captain and the pub
lie will know eventually how good .
navigator be L. z. G.
Evening star., 1941-09-24
Member of the Associated Press.
Armed Merchantmen

President RooSevelt's proposal that
the outmoded Neutrality Act be mod
ified at least to the extent of elm
mating the prohibition against
arming of our merchant ships is a
logical and sensible corollary of
naval measures already taken to
meet the menace of Nazi submarine
piracy" To retain on the statute
books a neutrality clause forbid
ding a merchantmen to defend it.
self from attack, although it is the
declared policy of our Government
to shoot on sight" any Axis U-boat
or surface raider encountered in
waters essential to our defense, OBJ
viously is absurd. The ban on armed
merchant vessels was adopted in the
hope that it would avoid provoca-
tive incidents likely to lead to war,
but, as in the first World War, Ger
man U-boat commanders have neg
lected to draw any fine distinctions
between unarmed and armed vessels
II it suited Germany's purposes to
sink them. The curious contradiction
that results from the arms restric-
ton is that our unarmed merchant
ships, carrying essential supplies to
our troops in Iceland, are being es-
corted-convoyed is the palmer term
by American warships briStling
with guns ready to fire at the first
Axis submarine which ventures in
their path. Nothing is gained by
perpetuating this anomaly, and the
crews of our merchant ships would
be placed at grave disadvantage
In the event shooting should start.
They are entitled to maximum pro-
lection against both submarines and
bombers.
AS the President pointed out at
his press conference, there are nu-
merous historical precedents for the
arnning of our merchant ships in
time of danger. Our ships were
forced to arm against French raid
ers in the undeclared war with
France of 1889, against the Brit
ish in the War Of 1912, against the
Barbary pirates during the same
period and later, and against Ger
man U-boats in 1917.
While an armed merchant ship
alone Is no match for a submarine,
It's anti-aircraft guns could afford a
considerable degree of protection
against such aerial attacks as that on
the Steel Seafarer In the Red Sea.
To deprive our ships and their crews
of such means of self-defense is to
subject them to needless hazards.
Congress should remedy this dan
gerous situation without delay. There
will be protests by last-ditch isola-
tionists, but there are growing signs
that they are losing force in and out
Of Congress. The President has acted
wisely in moving to place the respon-
sibility for decision squarely up to
Congress at this time.
Evening star., 1941-09-24
Sea Otter Freiqhters

In answer to the challenge OF the
submarine, the United States Navy
has developed plans for new type
of light ocean freighter. The first
of large and mobile fleet" of these
revolutionary" vessels is being con-
structed at Orange. Texas. 1t is to
be known as the Sea Otter, and its
success is virtually foregone con-
cluSion." Only 270 feet in overall
length, it will carry net cargo of
1900 tons with a displacement of
but 1900 tons when loaded. The pro-
peller, driven by sixteen gasoline
motors, is TO be set amidships. Two
months will be the building time re-
quired after the pattern has been
standardized.
Daring minds" the Navy Depart
ment announcement says, conceived
the idea of the Sea Otter in it's orig
inal form. President Roosevelt gave
"active, insistent help" in the hope
that the new vessels may assist in
meeting "the urgent need to send
lease-lend goods to Britain In ever
increasing quantities" A similar
demand, as he readily remembers,
was expressed in the crisis of the
first World War in 1917. The United
States then was possessed of no
cargo fleet worthy of the name. Only
two transports were available to the
Navy when Congress declared the
existence of a state of war with Ger
many. BY the date of the Armistice,
approximately two million men had
been carried to France. But only
IS per cent of that number OF SOL
diers were moved under the Amer
ican flag. A majority of the troops
sent abroad were passengers in ships
belonging to England, France, Italy
and Russia. 1t is significant fact
that the United States for it's own
share of the job was obliged to de-
pend in large part on vessels seized
from Germany and the Netherlands
and chartered from the Scandi-
navian countries and Japan.
To provide better solution for the
problem, the United States Shipping
Board was organized and the Emer-
gency Fleet Corporation was estab-
lished. BY June 30 1920, the former
had purchased or requisitioned ships
costing s536,000,OOO. It also had
spent s2,134 100000 for new construc-
ton land other purposes" Among
the vessels built there were 1920
cargo craft of steel, 304 of wood, four
Of concrete and eighteen of COM
posite materials.
But relatively few Of the vessels
constructed during the period indi-
Gated were employed in service prior
to the close of the conflict in which
they were intended to participate.
The present 1941 requirement is for
ships OF small size, easily and mex
pensively put together, quickly de-
livered. Navy officers believe that
mass production Of the Sea Otter
freighters can be expected within a
year. Perhaps it may be possible to
turn out several hundred Of them
during the next six months. II so,
they may have a compelling influ-
ence upon the results of the battle
of the Atlantic. The American
public will watch the effort with
enthusiasm.
Evening star., 1941-09-24
"TENNYSON STREET.

Dear Sir:
Maybe you could identify bird for
me. Nobody along here knows what 1t
is. 1t is about the size of sparrow, or
little smaller, and 1t was sort of olive
green, with white stripe over the eyes.
1t wasn't very white stripe, but I guess
you would call it white. 1t was here only
part of day, so 1 suppose it must
have been a migrating bird. Hoping
that you can tell me what this little bird
was, remain,
VERY truly yours, E. S. S."
The small bird probably was Phila-
delphia vireo.
When one says "vireo," he really is
speaking Latin.
The word means II am green"
In fancy language, these small birds
are called greenlets.
The Philadelphia vireo is classed as a
rare migrant hereabouts, so any one who
sees one is seeing something.
Many of them come through, though,
and are missed by persons who might
not fail to catch larger birds on the wing
The fall migrating season for this vireo
runs from early September to early Oc-
tober.
The spring migrating period lasts from
the first week in May through that
month.
Other vireos which visit Washington
and vicinity are the red-eyed vireo, the
warbling vireo, the yellow -throated
vireo, the solitary vireo and the white
eyed vireo.
The red-eyed Is classed as an abun-
dant summer resident, the warbling vireo
as very rare summertime resident. The
yellow-throated is a common summer
resident. The solitary vireo is seen only
in migration. Some years very many
more of them are seen than in other
seasons.
The white-eyed vireo Is the first OF
them all to arrive In the Washington
region, usually in April, toward the last
of the month.
The vireos are pretty little birds, but
often overlooked even by persons inter-
ested in the feathered folk, because the,
are somewhat inconsplcuous.
They are always on the wing, flirt-
ing around in the trees and shrubbery
Plenty OF overgroWn shrubs will tend
| to call the various vireos down out OF
the sky.
They are among the best reasons fol-
planting plenty of shrubs and allowing
them to grow as they will
Unpruned shrubbery is not good, ir
one sense, in that 1t tends to make the
plants leggy, with the lower branches
unleaved.
This condition, however, is very much
to the liking of most of the singing
birds, which belong to the order called
Passeres, the suborder Oscines.
These fellows like bare branches Il
perch on, as we'll as plenty Of leave.
to make them feel perfectly at home.
Perhaps no human being ever car
realize just how the birds feel about
trees and shrubs.
Evening star., 1941-09-24
Pedestrian Sufety

In ordering immediate replace
ment of most of Washington's 255
painted streetcar loading zones by
concrete platforms, the District
Commissioners have taken step
which will contribute materially to
safeguarding the pedestrian who at
tempts to protect himself in Wash
ington's traffic.
In the five months since the
Whitehurst highway report stressed
the urgent need for elimination Of
the death traps" several persons
have been killed or injured while
standing In them. That there should
Evening star., 1941-09-24
Praises Kansas Senator
For Patriotic Logic.
- A. -IG.

Senator Arthur Capper recently said:
"Orders to shoot on sight are undeclared
war-not something short Of war" The
logic Of his conclusion seems inescapable.
SO what?
We have 1t on high authority that
there is a time for everything. A corol-
larry to this aphorism would be that there
is time to quit talking. Also, that the
injection of frivolous and extraneous
matters, which becloud the main issue,
is untimely.
We, perhaps, are on the threshold OF
participation in the greatest struggle
for human liberty and the rights Of man
that this old world has ever known.
And what do we find? What are the
politicians, the headline hunters, nom
realists, generally, talking about? The
Greer incident, the movie-picture issue,
with discussions which tend to incitation
of race and religious prejudice and dis
unity among our people.
When the pre-war history of this war
Is written, if 1t ever is, and all the petit
foggers and obstructionists have been
assigned their inglorious places, men like
the able Kansas Senator and the ex-
Republican presidential candidate and
others will stand with the patriots of
other days, who placed their loyalty to
country above all personal or party gain.
WILBUR H. CLOSE.
Evening star., 1941-09-24
Shadows and Spinners

Sit NTH me here little, while the
night
MopeS sIoWly on totDard morning.
In this green
And columned porch, secure from
narrowing light,
More than one dear enchdntment
has been seen.
Look at this trailing ttOtst OF shudotry
zine
Etched by the street light on our old
brick Udu
No hard-and-taSt, inmutable design
Holds it In place. At the first night
tUind'S call,
1t lifts and futterS, droopS, then
falls to rest
Each ne1o arrangement loUelieSt and
best.
Now Is the time OF spinnino-not0
the hour.
See' In that open space, betDeen
LttHHCO tCuOCO,
Where the street light has pierced
our clustered bo1Der,
A spider, spinning nightly, no10
zDedUeS
Her giant peb. Little she knot1s or
cares
That unskilled Uorkers spy on her
affairs.
But as she moueS, tDith careful
noiSeleSs tread,
Along her silken cauSe10ay-on the
1DdH
A sister spider spins her mystic
thread,
From point to point, yet leaves no
path at all.
A good gray sister, strangely u1-
GtDdre;
Vague as the futtertng leaUes aboDs
her there.
JANET WOOD.
Evening star., 1941-09-24
Says President May Address
Emperor of Japan Directly in Crisis

emperor OF Japan Directly in Cr1s1S.
To tn. Editor of The Star:
A unique basis Of japanese American
good will, now threatened by the domi-
nant militarists Of our Oriental "protege"
and neighbor, can dure while the dynasty
Of Jimmu Tenno is sustained, for the
deposition of a usurping clan and the
restoration Of the rightful sovereign to
his prerogatives resulted from Japans
advent in the society Of nations, which
was sponsored by the American Gov
eminent.
Today the Emperor, bereft of the sa.
gacious elders who were glory of Meiji's
day, confronts a native-evolved crisis
that pales the intrigues which for cen
turies humbled and unsceptered his an
cestors, and whose dire potentialities
make the conflict of his land with czarist
Russia seem trite in contrast.
In this situation of unparalleled dan
ger to his throne and nation, the most dis
interested, dependable and sincere friend
of the Emperor and of Japan is the
President of the United States in whom
an unimpeachable purpose to be just is
co-equal with a religious disposition to
be sociable. For this reason and in the
interest of return to undiSturbed amity
and to such cooperation as distinguishes
the best practices Of nations, the strained
relations that are menacing the peace
and which the ordinary processes of ne
gotiation may be inadequate to resolve,
require imperatively personal solution
by the Emperor and the President.
AS America is senior in the interna-
tional community and was compelled by
the vital interests of that society to adopt
reprisals when diplomacy failed, these
being nearly the last resort of an injured
nation to persuade an offending govern
ment to desist from wrongful measures,
and in this instance being intended to
avert war, the President most fifty might
express to the Emperor his compliments
and the fundamentally unalterable posi-
tion Of America in respect of the SUBJ
jects that are in dispute with the Japa-
nese government. These representa-
tions could be extremely simple, as the
United States asserts only universal
rights, nothing prejudicial to the legiti-
mate, which are the best, Japanese inter-
ests and desires only that the Emperor's
government abide by the law Of nations
respect for such rights and law being
requisite to just peace and sympathic
concert.
If the Japanese authorities imagine
that they may not recede from legally
exorbitant-i. e., beyond the orbit of law
-pretensions, except to deem themselvs
abased, no such fanciful argument against
morality relates to the Emperor. To the
throne is reserved the right in the SUI
preme interest of the nation, to nullify
acts of officials and of Parliament, and no
moral decree of the Emperor could be
construed as damaging Japans prestige.
The President of the United States
probably would denounce as vicious any
intimation that an agreement arrived at
by the Emperor and himself prejudiced
the dignity of Japan. The contrary, he
could demonstrate, was true. The En-
peror's Is the final decision in respect OF
peace and war and his the final respon-
sibility At the instant, some Of the
political phannmsna q japan suggest .
Evening star., 1941-09-24

@. On what occasion did President
Theodore Roosevelt order the discharge
of several companies of Negro SOL
diers?-H. L. A.
A. In 1906 a shooting affray occurred
in Brownsville, Tex, in which several
Negro soldiers from the fort took part.
Unable to obtain identification of the
offenders, President Roosevelt ordered
the discharge of three companies.
@. How tall or how small must a man
be in order to be deferred from the
draft?-D. r.
A. According to selective service regu-
lations, registrant less than so inches
or more than 78 inches in height viii be
placed in Glass w, which is deferred
class.
@. How much DO people in the United
States spend for peanuts?-J. S. r.
A. Over s4ooo0O0o a year.
@. Did Ronald Colman serve In the
first World War2-K. r. r.
A. He was a member Of the London
and was invalided home after two years
service at the front.
@. Which university recently conferred
degrees on Alfred Lunt and Lynn Fon-
tanne?-C. D. A.
A. The University of Wisconsin con-
ferred doctor of letters degrees on Mr..
Lunt and his wife, citing them as lead
ers in preserving and developing the
highest standards and traditions Of the
theater."
@. What became of the Drummer Boy
of Shiloh?-E. S. r.
A. John L. Glen, the Drummer Boy
of Shiloh, after the Civil War became
major general in the Quartermaster
Corps of the Regular Army. On May
1S, 1887 he was buried in Arlington
National Cemetery, where a private
monument was erected to him.
Evening star., 1941-09-24
Letters to the Editor

Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address OF
the tUriter, although the use of
q pSeudonynl for publication is
permissible. The Star reserves
the right to edit all letters uith
a Uie1U to condensation.
Evening star., 1941-09-24

Weight ContrOl-A simple sensi-
BILE booklet telling how to control
your weight without using medi-
cineS, trick diets, or apparatus. 1t
explains how to establish good
health routine by means of the
right food, systematic exercise and
rest. An extra long list of 100
calorie portions of everyday foods,
dietary recipes. includes height
and weight tables for men, women
and children. To secure your copy
of this publication inclose 10 cents
in coin, wrapped in this clipping,
and mail to The Star Information
Bureau.
Name
Address
Evening star., 1941-09-24
Hoskin's Answers
To Questions
BIZ Frederic J. Haskin.

A reader can get the ansper to dny
question OF fact by writing The Eue-
ming Star Information Bureau, Fred
eric J. Haskin, director, Washington,
D. c. Please tnclose stamp for reply.
@. Who selected the site Of the whits
House?-K. S. B.
A. 1t was selected by George Washing
ton and Pierre lEnfant when they laid
out Washington in 1871.
@. What percentage Of soldiers IN the
United States Army are CaSnofls,
Protestant and Jewish?-M. T. r.
A. Tabulation of religious affiliations
shows that 81 per cent are Catholic.
50 per cent are Protestant and per cent
are Jewish. Eight per cent are Of no
denomination.
O. What is the oldest form Of gambling
in the world?-C. D. G..
A. Dicing is recognized as not only ths
oldest but the most universal form of
gambling. Dice have been found among
the ruins of almost every ancient ma
ton.
@. How much gold is deposited at Fort
Knox, Ky.?-M. E. c.
A. There is s22,457,264127 in gold
stored at Fort Knox.
@. What do the colors of the United
States flag symbolize?-M. D.
A. The red is for valor, zeal and fer
vency; the white for hope purity and
rectitude of conduct; the blue, the color
of heaven, for reverence to God, loyalty.
sincerity, justice and truth.
@. How many students are enrolled
in elementary and secondary schools In
the United States?-O. T. A.
A. There are 2O,7O7OOO students in ele-
mentary schools and an enrolment Of
1894 900 in secondary schools.
Evening star., 1941-09-24
ApplaudS Presidents Articles
On Reform Policies.


To the Editor Of The Star:
I also happen to be one who reaos
President Roosevelt's articles In Golfers
and doubt very much whether Edward
Wolesensky's opinion OF them will be
shared by many other students OF those
important documents.
To call Mr.. Roosevelt's statements
activities directed toward purposes OF
self -glorification" and to say that de
fense production is being delayed by
strikes which were in large measure
engendered and encouraged by New
Deal policies and politics" seem to be
grave misstatement or misunderstanding
Of facts.
I think that the Presidents articles
are coming just in time to show the
American people the dangers of misin-
terpreting the Constitution as well as
the great benefits that may be derived
from it. In strengthening and encour-
aging the efforts of the people of the
United States toward progressive and
liberal policy, Mr.. Roosevelt points to
the best guarantee against all enemies
of democracy from within and without.
His fight goes on. 1t Is not fight for
self -glorihcation but an active defense
Of American democracy.
DR. / WUSsKoRy.
Evening star., 1941-09-24

@. How much DO people in the United
States spend for peanuts?-J. S. r.
A. Over $4,000 900 a year.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-03-18

OF the night toiud doWn the edges
And naked shingles Of the porld
"Ah lore, let be
To another! For the World which
To lie before like land Of dreams
So Udrtous, so beautiful
Hath really neither jov nor lore nor light
Nor certitude peace help for pain;
And here n a darkiiug plain
"Swept with confused alarm Of struggle flight
Where ignorant armies clash by night"
ROAR of the ocean fnging the helpless pebbles the night
terror and flight dakng plain where hate and horror
hgh-neVer there picture of the world which
live today And yet for all his sadness Arnold sounded
the note that could defy night day bring
dawn
"AH LOVE, LET US BE TRUE TO ONE ANOTHER"
The world has mad And however pasonately
feel and can't fight Dover Beach peaks of Greece
the sands of Lbya Nor. perhaps,
America But there thing do which potent
defense of civilization
CAN BE TRUE TO ONE ANOTHER AND THE HOPES
FOR WHICH WE STAND
We be to those old and precious things which
forerer tchether the cord sick ne-o
justice aud generosity friendines and faith
ines
On Dover Beach-the guns there today. the of
planes the of dying But high above the shrek and
smoke and stencil the still shine tired
comrade, those