davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Western news. [volume] (Libby, Mont.) 1933-current, 1941-01-16

wintered there. Ross also found
large herds in the Salmon River.
Captain Reynolds reports buffalo IN
the Madison Basin and the Madison
Valley in 1860. James Stuart saw
buffalo in the Jefferson Valley
in 1853.
Not West OF Continental Divide
Since the coming of the white
man there have apparently been no
buffalo west of the Continental Di-
vide in Montana, though they for
merly existed there. In Governor
Stevens 1853 report DR.. Suckley
writes, Buffalo we're formerly in
great numbers in this valley Chit
terroot) as attested by the num-
bers of skulls seen, and by the re-
ports Of the inhabitants. For q num-
Der of years past, none had been
seen west OF the mountains, but
singular to relate, buffalo bull
was killed at the mouth of the Pend
Orielle River on the day ! passed
it. The Indians we're in great JOY
over this, believing that the but,
falo were coming back to them. :
DR.. Cooper states in the same re-
port in 1850, Il saw one or more
old skulls daily in the valley OF
the Little Blackfoot and He'll Gate
Rivers, quite down to the junction
with the Bitterroot."
The western limits Of the buffalo
range have been quite generally
recognized, but il is less common.
ly known that the earliest record.
show an absence of elk in western
Montana and northern Idaho ir
many sections where the character
of the country would lead one tG
expect their occurrence. The ex-
plorers' records show an abundance
of elk all through eastern and cen
trail Montana as far west as Mis-
soula, through the Wyoming noun.
tains, and west through the upper
waters of the Salmon and Snake
Rivers, and into the Blue Noun
tains of Oregon.
| The Lewis and Clark journal!
make the definite statement that nj
elk were seen from the time they
crossed the Bitterroot Mountain!
1 tAA tiCJ dRRACdNAiGA ItN AAOAAi ~
| the Columbia River On the return
journey in May 1906 the party hunt
ed intensively for a month in tn,
vicinity of the Clearwater Rive,
above Orofino without killing sin
gle elk. The journals OF Davie
Thompson, Ross Cox, Alexandel
Ross, and w. A. Farris, through tn,
period from 1900 to 1880, make n,
mention of elk in the riorthwes
part of Montana in what are nov
Lincoln, Sanders, and Minera
Counties, or in that portion O.
Idaho. and eastern Washington nortl
of the Salmon and Snake Rivers
The Palouse prairie country, south
of Spokane, lacking buffalo ant
elk, in spite OF ideat grass AssxirruvA'
conditions for game, apparentl,
never carried any such richness O
game animals as the Montan;
prairies.
On the basis of this evidence i,
The Western news. [volume] (Libby, Mont.) 1933-current, 1941-01-16
Lists WPA Work
During November

According to Joseph r. Devich,
general foreman Of the Operations
Division Of the Work Project Ad-
ministration in Libby the follow
inn work was accomplished in Lin
coin county during the month Of
November. ~
In the vicinity of Eureka, several
acres of land on the Iowa Flats
rod were cleared leaving the
stunps to be shot out. The recon-
struction of the. steel bridge At
Rexford and Q w0o1en appreciation
a total hneal feet Of 1910 was CON-
pleted This work included install
ink hand rails and runways, and in
Sailing of wooden uprights on rock
cribbing. On the Trego road unit
there was spread 288 Gu, yd. Of
gtavel on 356 lineal feet OF road
and 1850 Gu. yd. on the road con-
struction for cut and I'LL were
moved.
In the Libby area, work was pros
ecuted on the Sherry Creek b1idGe
about II miles from town; $50 lineal
feet Of round timber , were cut,
peeled and hauled to bridge side.
Both cribbings for new bridge which
will be 40 feet long have been COM
pkted. On the Libby-Jennings road
there was moved 300 Gu. I'D. of dirt
for cut and fill u
On the Libby city streets, 250 Gu.
y1s. of sand and gravel were hauled
on ~ blocks Of new street which is
First street, west Of the swimming
pool. Thirty-two lineal feet OF Is"
culvert were installed thereby COM
pkting 1872 of drainage for Main
street in the swimming pool area.
On the Troy unit $50 Gu. yds. Of
dirt were hauled and spread on 825
lineal feet of ~ wide road bed. Two
acres Of county Owned right of-way
on Curly Creek and of the Pine
Creek road job were cleared and
grubbed 400 Gu. yds. OF dirt were
hauled into fills on the new recon-
struction road on Bull lake road
between Fall Greek and Meadow
Creek bridges.
With the assistance of the OPP
erations Division Of the Work Prof.
ects Administration, there projects
are sponsored by Lincoln county.
The Western news. [volume] (Libby, Mont.) 1933-current, 1941-01-16

Jacques Larches, four years old,
fell out OF window from the third
floor OF his horne. He probably
would have broken his neck except
for the fact, he fell on a stray dog.
Both the dog and the boy are doing
well and neither was seriously hurt.
The Western news. [volume] (Libby, Mont.) 1933-current, 1941-01-16
Whitefish Will Vote
On Municipal Water Plant

WHITEFISH, Jan. 13.-WD-The
Whitefish city council has hired an
engineer to draw plans and specifi-
cations for proposed $3.50, 900
municipal water plant. The project
would be subject to approval Of
voters at a special election. The
councils action followed prelimi-
nary survey by a Seattle engineer.
The Western news. [volume] (Libby, Mont.) 1933-current, 1941-01-16

seems fairly sound conclusion that
the present elk herds of the upper
Clearwater, which winter precari-
ously in the deep SHOWS of the
mountains, came originally from the
Montana side, from the Bitterroot
Valley, and never did winter in the
lower country on the west side of
the mountains. This may explain
why, with the Bitterroot Valley
closed to them by settlement, the
elk show reluctance to drift down
stream to the west for better win
ter range.
Doubts Scarcity Theory
The theory has been developed.
and to a considerable degree ac-
cepted by field naturalists, that be-
fore The coming OF the white man
the mountains were very thinly
populated with game, particularly
elk and buffalo, and that it was
only through persistent hunting ia
the plains and valleys that these
animals were driven back in the
mountains for refuge. This theory
is based to large extent on Lewis
and Ciarks record of the scarcity of
game in the Bitterroot Mountains,
and on half dozen accounts of
early exploration of the Yellow
stone Park, from 1870 to 1878.
am unable to accept this theory
1t is probably based on relative
rather than actual numbers of game
animals in the mountains as com
pared with the plains country.
To man accustomed to the daily
sight of hundreds of animals on the
plains, the ordinary mountain oc-
lcurrence of game would seem scar
city. James Stuart in 1853 on the
Yellowstone expedition writes
Game is getting very scarce. Saw
only 3 antelope and 4 elk today
Today the sight of that much game
almost anywhere would mark red.
letter day.
/ Hunting Party Nearly Starved.
Much has been made of Levi!
and Clark's semi-starvation while
crossing the, Bitterroot Mountains
AS a matter of fact, this has Away.
been rather poor game country
and at no subsequent time has gam.
been sufficiently plentiful to enabl,
a large party to subsist on the coun
try. The Lewis and Clark part,
saw as much as any later part,
might have seen on the same route
In the westward journey they go
a deer in Lolo Pass and a wilt
horse on Obia Creek. Coming bacl
in June they saw several black tai
deer, and state that, I'VE were in
! formed that there is an abundance,
of elk in the valley near the fish
cry on the Kooskooskee. Sine,
the snow still lay deep on the higl
divides it is possible that these ell
Wintered along the Lochsa Rive
| (Kooskooskee) just as they do now
4 In 1893 the Carlin hunting part,
Continued M proo ~
The Western news. [volume] (Libby, Mont.) 1933-current, 1941-01-16
Is Years Ago

From issue of December 80, 1915
Thomas L. Shevlin, the popular
young owner of q controlling inter-
est in the Libby Lumber company,
died at his home in Minneapolis at
$40 O'Clock yesterday morning.
Death was caused by pneumonia, the
outcome of cold contracted while
Mr.. Shevlin was coaching the Yale
football team last fall, which he had
been unable to shake off during the
weeks that have elapsed since. that
tifne-
Mr.. Shevlins last business action
is believed to have been his visit
to Libby week ago Sunday, just ten
days before his death. He inspect
ed the Libby mill then, and shook
hands with many of his friends
among the residents here. AL
though he appeared in good health
it is recalled by some of his init
mate acquaintance that he com.
INplained OF co1d and 6ai1 he never
felt just right since his work on the
football team.
This young man was In the prime
Of life, being only 80 years old. He
is survived by his wife, dAughter
five years old and son two years
old. Since the death Of his father
four years ago he has been head
Of the Shevlin- Carpenter-Clarke in
terests, which control numbering en-
terprises all over the west
His fortune is estimated at
$55, 0O0, 900.
e. G.. Bjoneby, well known Kali
ispen business man, was in Libby
this week and reports there is much
talk OF the Milwaukee railroad
building their main line through
Libby.
Reports are in the air that the
Bonners Ferry Lumber company
will resume operations in the very
near future.
The Diamond Hitch and Cabinet
Queen mines, IL lead-zinc claims
uenr Troy, have been taken over
~ the Diamond Hitch Mining COM
pany, recently organized by j. E.
Wallace and Charles Robinson.
John. F. Wall has announced. that
be, will build an addition 10 his
store building due to the fact that
he must have more room for his
steadily increasing stock Of dry
goods and clothing.
Mop Bailey will leave for Wal
lace, Idaho, after the first Of the
year and will accept a, position as
travelling agent for wholesale
grocery company.
M d. Rowland entertained sew
eral friends Wednesday evening
complimentary to Mop Bailey. A
t ds5sh, Vino na4 Ess st spsn sart y
Mr.. and Mrs. John Duthie were
very pleasantly surprised by a
crowd OF young folks Tuesday ev-
ening at the home on Btu street.
Cards and music were the even
ing's entertainment after which
light refreshments were served.
Mr.. and Mrs. Pete Bergstrom
Who were married in Spokane last
week, returned Friday afternoon to
make 0Ioo honuw ~ kibek
Tho eU1E htn1o4lGt loQ4 10
tt w. crtMd1 Ito 'enpooky ~ thu
CArisoAass vAd bny kapAg 4 put
VI the -, II Hn1UW eolk II
tAe WEI TN lt hot1E alsp
eA5oys4 caplmly ed~Q - th9
n1Ana(ufhen4 lovidou z ~ u
~ - fho ~ - rRxH ~ 49,
The Western news. [volume] (Libby, Mont.) 1933-current, 1941-01-16

(NOTE-This is the third in
stallment Of a series of articles de-
scribing big game conditions in
Montana and adjacent territory at
the time the white man was first
penetrating this district)
The Western news. [volume] (Libby, Mont.) 1933-current, 1941-01-16

It also approved plans for s. 900
boathouse, to be built as WpA
project.
The Western news. [volume] (Libby, Mont.) 1933-current, 1941-01-16

LIT the world knew about u and
you1l fiH4 relief! Dse Classified
Adj In ne Western News.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1941-01-31
INSTALLMENT ,

And Ruddy says we've got to carry
on"
I felt less at sea after Doctor Rud-
dock had me write to the Territorial
Commissioner following up, dis
covered, a secret dispatch Of his
OWN asking for teachers posi-
ton in the Matanuska Valley. J
When / heard, by that grapevine
circuit which seems to operate in
all frontier countries, that John
Trumbull had visited the valley and
that Barbara Trumbull had flown in
to Anchorage, it seemed like echoes
out Of another world. Even when
/ heard that Lander had taken over
the management of the Happy Day
Mine and that he and Trumbull had
fought a wordy battle on the open
platform Of Matanuska station, I
failed to be as excited as when Katie
told me that the little Indian girl
from Hanna, up in our i1nprovised
pest ward, wasn't going to die, after
all. kept waiting for my Commits
sioner's report.
That report was neither prompt
nor encouraging. It acknowledged
they were in need Of a teacher for
Matanuska but that conditions were
not suitable there for a young and
inexperienced outsider.
I wrote back admitting my youth
but pointing out it was a defect
which time would undoubtedly cor
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1941-01-31

rect. I also alluded to my physi-
cal sturdiness and my eagerness to
work in the new field, with an I'M
derlined postscript announcing / was
Alaska born. And in the meantime
both the calendar and the excite
ment Of our little redskinned wards
reminded us that Christmas was
close at hand.
Then came the second blow. For
Katie and I, with Miss Teetzel still
weak and crabby, did what we could
to make the children's holiday a
happy one. We sent to Anchorage
for hard candy and sugar-canes and
colored candles and glitter-paper
and powdered mica. With my own
hand cut down a spruce tree and
dragged it in over the hills. This,
when duly installed in the school
room we draped with strung pop
corn and ernblazoned with bits of
ribbon and spangled with tin stars
cut out Of empty tomato cans, add
ing copious streamers Of wrapping
cord dyed red with beet juice and
snowy handfuls Of absorbent pur-
Joined from the surgery. And over
everything we sprinkled generous
glitter Of powdered mica.
It was all pathetically meager and
make-believe. But the raptness of
the children's eyes, as they stood
and watched that tree, brought q
lump to my throat. It paid for the
long hours when Katie and sat up
wrapping oranges in red tissue pa
per, one for each child, and labelling
the mitts and stockings and sweat
ers out Of the community gift boxes
from Seattle and Juneau.
But my little Injins loved it all.
On Christmas morning, in fact, when
I appeared in pillow-stuffed Turkey
red, as Santa Claus, they got so ex-
cited we had to drape the school
room doors with blankets, to keep
the noise from Miss Teetzers dis
approving ears. They put on paper
hats and sang 'Rock-a-bye, My Lit
tie Owlet" and "Jingle Bells" and
even had try at Handel's ''While
Shepherds Watched Their Flocks,"
which Katie and found it expedient
to finish out by ourselves. Then
they made the rafters ring with al
ouette."
But their little Indian souls eventu-
ally got so drunk on music and ex-
element that we had to ease them
down with square dance. And the
easing down would have been less
dire If a little Copper River brave
hadn't chased a still smaller Innuit
blubber-eater from the Kuskokwim
right into our twinkling and glitter
ing Christmas tree. That collision
overturned one of the lighted cam
dies.
Iheard crackle Of flames and
dozen shrill cries from a dozen lit
tie throats. Then ! saw, to my hor-
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1941-01-31
ARTIFICIAL LIMBS
HOUSEHOLD
QUESTIONS

Grease the measuring cup be-
fore measuring syrup or molasses
and it will not stick to the sides
of the cup.
To keep brown sugar moist and
fresh, store in a covered contain
er with a freshly cut piece of
lemon.
A window box of seasoning herbs
is handy for winter cooking.
II rubber gloves are sprinkled
on the inside with corn starch or
powder they will slip on more
easily.
Don't buy very large or very
small vegetables. There is much
waste in the small ones and the
large ones have lost some of their
flavor.
For something new and different
spread baked ham with a half-cup
of molasses and bake 80 minutes
in moderate oven. This gives a
delicious flavor and a brown top.
You can include a teaspoon each
of cinnamon and cloves for a spicy
touch.
To make silver and glassware
shine, dry them directly out of hot
sudsy water. This treatment also
helps to retard furnishing of sill
yer, which takes place more
quickly in winter time when the
furnace is on.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1941-01-31
CHAPTER VI

Toklutna didn't get rid Of me so
soon as it expected. Two days after
my scene with the acidulous Miss
Teetzel ] was interrupted in my
packing by Katie O'Connell.
We're in quarantine" she an
nounced, with two cases Of scarlet
fever in the infirnary. And Ruddy
says you can't walk out on him."
miss Teetzel," ! reminded her.
"said otherwise"
but old TeetzeI's out Of the pic
ture. She's in bed with bronchitis.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1941-01-31
M HEN John D. Biggers was APP
Wv y,o;v,<od "a nr0onivo and MAN.

yNHEN John D. Biggers was APP
w pointed to organize and man.
age the unemployment census in
1887, he invited criticism. s'The
more stones thrown the BETTER" he
said. = He now has a job both more
important and more vulnerable, as
director of the production division
in the new national defense office of
production management. Mr.. Big
gers thinks the critical impulse is a
sign of healthful public interest.
Since 1880, he has been president of
the Libby wens-Ford Glass conn
pany.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1941-01-31

thing leads to
another these
days. In the
waning days
of the prohibi-
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1941-01-31
WHO PAYS? NONE OTHER
THAN WE, THE PEOPLE

CONGRESS WILL MAKE an eff
fort to find more revenue for the fed
eral government by enacting new
tax laws. The tax on America today
as levied by municipal, county, state
and federal governments takes 80
cents out of each dollar earned by
the American, people. And we all
pay our proportion, whether or not
we receive a tax bill.
If you rent a house, you pay the
landlords taxes. They are included
in your rent bill. If you buy suit,
about rs per cent of the price is
taxes. The same is true of any food
you buy, or any other article OF
merchandise purchased. If you
smoke cigarettes, you pay federal
tax of six cents on each package.
The government collects from the
manufacturer and the merchant.
They add the taxes to the price Of
what they sell, and pass it on to each
one of us who buys their products.
In the end, it is not the rich who
carry the burden of taxes. It is
the average American-the men and
women who work for wages, who
maintain, homes and who support
families.
Corporations are supposedly heav-
lily taxed, but if they could not, or
did not, pass the taxes along as
part of the price of their product,
they would soon be broke and mil
lions would be without jobs.
We average Americans pay the
cost of government through the
things we buy, and the politicians
cannot fool us by sending our tax
bills to US.
WILL THEY WAIT?
WE NOW HAVE navy of 32l
fighting ships of various kinds, all
in commission. We have on the way
or ION order" a total Of 1853 addi-
tional fighting ships which, if the de-
tense program does not bog down,
will be ready by 1947 That is sup
posed to constitute a navy capable
Of defending all American coasts at
the same time-enough ships to de-
feat Hitler, Mussolini and Japan.
should they all attack us at the same
time, and if they wait another six
years. VIII they wait?
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1941-01-31
DON'T BE B0SSED

BY YOUR LAXATlvE-RELlEvE
CONSTIPATION THIS MODERN Way
eWhen you feel gassy, headachy, logy
due to clogged-up bowels, do as millions
do-take Feen-A-Mint at bedtime. Next
morning thorough, comfortable relief,
helping you start the day full of your
normal energy and pep, feeling like
millioni Feen-A- Mint doesn't disturb
your nights rest or interfere with work the
next day. Try Feen-A-Mint, the chewing
gum laxative, yourself It tastes good, it's
handy and economical. q. !. family supply
i; 1o b.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1941-01-31
. ! 4, lamp IL VALLEY !, !; IL!
W. n. u Service

baby which his dog found. spend night IN
q truck when snowstorm traps them. But
the next day Lander d able to get them
through.
Miss Teetzei. head Of the school. who 70.
SCENTS Carols youth. Is shocked. and says so.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1941-01-31
BY ARTHUR STRANGER

Carol Coburn. Alaslxa-born daughter Of Q
ssbush rat" who died with an unestablished
mining claim. returns North to teach Indian
school. Aboard ship. she d annoyed by
Eric 1.-THE Red) Ericsson and Il rescued by
Sidney Lander. young mining engineer.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1941-01-31
6I|||'|I|S
tReleased by western Newspaper Union.)

(Released by western Newspaper Union.)
TWO DIRECTIONS
FOR FARM INCOME
DESPITE THE EFFORTS at crop
Limitation for the purpose of increas-
ing the national farm income by an
increase in farm produce prices,
and including all government pay
ment of bonuses Of all kinds, the
total farm income in the United
States was not as high in 1910 as it
was in 1887, but was trifle better
than in 1888 and 1899.
In 1910 the total farm income was
just under $4,000, 900, 900, about
1888 for each of the approximate
ly $500, 900 farms in the nation.
The future Of the farm income in
this country lies in two directions.
One is increased production Of the
farm products we can, and do to
some extent, raise in this country,
but which we now import to the ex-
tent of about 81 500, 900, 900 each
year, and a protected market for
such products. In that list there are
some go items American farmers
can raise if properly encouraged to
do so.
The other opportunity is the. devel-
opment Of a greater use Of farm
products in manufacture. Private
enterprise has in the past, and will
in the future, develop such uses If
industrial laboratories are permitted
to operate without too many OBJ
stacles. American farms can, as in
the past, produce our food, and will
in the future produce much of the
raw material needed in manufac-
turing.
ALASKANS VIEW RUSSIA,
JAPAN, WITHOUT FEAR
BRONZED, weather-beaten John
Friedland is an old Alaskan sour
dough, typical of the he-men who
have for many years braved the
rigors of the far northland.
John Friedland knows Alaska
from the far western tip of the
Aleutian islands to the farthest
north Point Barrow. For the first
time in 35 years, old John recently
made trip to the States and ! had
an opportunity Of visit with him.
He told me that people of Alaska
the hardy prospectors, miners,
trappers and pioneer farmers-have
no fear of aggression on the part
of Russia, and they have only con-
tempt for Japan, looking upon it as
nation of poachers. He said the
building of government air fields
was welcomed, not as a defense
measure, but as a means of inn
proving air transportation in the ter
ritory. Without armed protection,
Friedland said he thought these new
air fields would prove quite as con-
venient landing place for other
planes, if any, as for the American
planes. M 6
But John Friedland had his full
measure of Alaskan optimism and
was fearful of nothing, unless it
might be reduction in the price
Of gold, which, if it came, would
prove disastrous to Alaskan mining.
He came to the States, Travelled as
far east as Chicago for visit with
old friends, stayed three days and
then departed by plane for Candle
Creek, Alaska, on the Arctic coast.
so he might have his big dredges
ready for operation with the first
glimpse of the summer sun.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-12-10
Moishe Oysher at
Masonic Temple
December II

MOISHE OYSHER, famous
cantor and star of radio anC
screen. will make his personal
appearance in a concert recital or
Wednesday evening. December II
at the Masonic Temple.
The program will consist oil
original traditional liturgical
music, operate arias. Hebrew anG
Yiddish famous folk songs, anC
other Oysher specialties.
Oysher will also give a special
Chanukah program which will in.
clude the blessing of the lighting
of the Chanukah candles and other
chants, and he will be assisted
by the Dave Shkolnik quartet ano
accompanied by Avuah Kagan.
This recital is sponsored by the
Federation of Polish Jews in De.
trOit.