davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1941-10-04
Paper Profit

As her contribution to national
defense, Opera Star Lily Pons is dis
posing of 600 pounds of fan mail, in
exchange for two dollars worth of
Defense stamps. The billets doux
will be merged with other paper dis
cards, ranging from yesterdays
newspaper to losing mutuel tickets,
and eventually will be made into
cardboard boxes to hold defense
items. There is always the possibil-
ity that tough old Mess Sergeant
Mike Dugan Of the Almats or the
Kotmks, when he signs for a carton
of beans, may have in his custody a
small part of the undecipherable but
glowing enthusiasm of America for
popular and glamorous star.
1t is good bargain for Miss Pons,
who needs no written evidence of
her popularity, and it suggests fur
ther action by others. Think how
many tons of love letters could be
accumulated, after they had served
their first purpose, and rejuvenated
into a means Of defeating Hitler. Of
course, judgment must be used. 1t
would hardly pay certain shrewd
ladies, the possessors of hot but in
cautious letters, to let them 90 at
seven dollars a ton-not when there
is a chance to have lawyers work on
them in court and make them pro-
duce thousands of times that much
a pound.
Evening star., 1941-10-04

and reading is accepted by multi
tudes of Americans. 1t may be
expressed in different ways, but it
signifies single conviction, namely:
All such publications as are devoted
to the public veal shall be protected
against the dangers of interference
by any power inimical to the welfare
of the inclusive community. News
papers of high social ideals will 10
their unlimited duty in the universal
emergency, and their readers will
guard them in their performance
of their obligation.
Evening star., 1941-10-04
THIS AND THAT
BIZ Charles E. TrdcetUeH.

The leaf1et says that IAN Objectionable
flock of pigeons is often the direct result
of unintentional encouragement"
How we'll the feeder of wild birds
knows this!
BY putting out food veritable free
lunch" he has attracted pigeons as we'll
as chickadees.
He does not blame the chickadees for
coming to get something to eat. there
pigeons.
But he wishes they would stay away,
The wild life leaflet says: A church
tower may serve as an ideal nesting loft
for dozens of the birds, or certain ledges
protected by overhanging caves may at
tract a daily flock that has reached
undesirable proportions. Likewise, pro-
miscuous feeding Of poultry in open yards
may serve as a potent incentive for
pigeons to stay
Although this leafiet was published Just
two years ago, no mention is made in it
of the feeding of wild birds in the home
garden, and the associated pigeon
problem.
Yet this. it must be submitted, is the
modern city and suburban equivalent Of
feeding poultry in open yards.
The logical cure for troubles of this
kind, the leaf1et goes on, is to remove
the inducement, If possible.
Removing the inducement, however,
when one is feeding the songsters which
winter with us, is equivalent to giving
up the feeding of the wild birds.
Sloping boards are suggested for some
types of ledges, to prevent pigeons
from nesting.
1t is not the nesting pigeon, however,
which causes the trouble in the garden
but the bands of roaming pigeons, many
of them pets, which come daily. once
they have discovered a good thing.
On this subject the leaf1et states: The
f1ocks of varicolored pigeons that fire.
Quent the larger cities are, as rule
made up of semiwild or tramp indi-
viduals to which no one claims owner
ship. They may breed, nest raise their
young and live their entire lives without
bcCOiillllS OCpCllNcllO oll man OlllCl llidll
for the shelter afforded by some tower
or portico or for the available waste food
In suburban communities and in
smaller towns one may encounter focks
that, while paying some allegiance to an
owner by returning home to roost, OBJ
tain most Of their food from the city
street; or he may see well-cared fol
f1ocks that are sheltered and fed, but
make daily flights near their cotes. The
latter flocks are readily controlled by
their owners. and do not, as a rule. be-
come seriously Objectionable"
Banded pigeons. the lesflet points out
frequently join the bands of semiwilc
pigeons. Such pigeons may be traced
through letters on the bands Bands
with the letters "AU" sometimes mis-
read Az may be traced through tht
American Racing Pigeon Union. 214 Con-
gress street. Jersey City, N. }. Bandt
with the letters IF" are issued by the
! International Federation of Homine
Pigeon Fanciers. 1924 Northern park
way, Baltimore, Md. Bands carrying the
letters "NPA' are issued by the National
Pigeon Association Box 502,' Kansas
City Mo
Evening star., 1941-10-04
Complains About
Cabinet Members.

To the Editor of The Star:
I see that Harold Ickes again is going
strong on his gasoline shortage myth.
These boys just must get into the lime
light somehow. This time Harold wants
to spend $3.50 900 900 on refineries.
Mr.. Ickes has been shouting. wolf,
wolff for so long, however, that no
one believes him any more. 1t seems
that bureaucrats these days do not feel
they are important unless they can sign
vouchers for the expenditure of billions
of dollars of the taxpayers money or tell
the taxpaying citizen where to get off.
or else. And Harold is just one of the
boys vino wants to keep up his front
while he's in the puddle.
Nine. Perkins is another fifth wheel,
untitled for her job and just as big
blowout as Harold. Both should be
dismissed forthwith so that they no
longer can impose upon the taxpayer
who already is overburdened with real
worries without supplying useless orna-
menta ton for the Federal Government
WORLD WAR VETERAN.
Evening star., 1941-10-04
The Busic Freedom

The prevailing conflict between
democracy and a combination of
tyrannieS has served to demonstrate
to the people of the United States
the value of their institutions Pre-
viously, they may have taken for
granted the rights which their
fathers declared to be the natural
endowment of men. 1t perhaps had
not occurred to them that their
liberties of thought and action are
related to the elemental freedom Of
the press. Now, under the instruc-
tion of Adolf Hitler, they learn the
lesson of their responsibility in that
connection.
1t stands to reason that graphic
communication cannot escape the
enmity of all such forces as may seek
the destruction of civilized society.
Before Der Fuehrer could attempt
the conquest of Europe he was
obliged to complete the subiugation
of millions of German citizens to
whom the Nazi doctrines were alb
horrent. He achieved his purpose
by gaining control of practically all
facilities of printing. Newspapers,
magazines and books were sup
pressed with characteristic violence.
The shops where they were manu-
factured and the shops where they
were sold were taken over" Within
few weeks after Hitler gained the
post of chancellor, the free press
Then, in one adjacent land after
another, arbitrary censorship and,
worse, the poisoned pen of National
Socialist propaganda systematic
perversion of news and opinion
spread with the advance of Der
Fuehrer'S armies. His influence,
even in countries not yet invaded,
has been vicious.
But there can be little, if any,
question about the effect of Hitler's
crimes as it has been manifested in
terms of resistance among the Eng
disappearing nations of the earth.
Voluntarily they have adopted a
logical policy of discretion with re-
6ard to military information. On
all other matters complete freedom
of expression is the rule. National
Newspaper Week, october l to 8,
represents the determination to
maintain the basic principle of an
emancipated press in the United
States. That solemn decision to
preserve the free privilege Of writing
Evening star., 1941-10-04

O. How many persons visit the Great
Smoky Mountains National Park?-D, F.
A. During the II months of the pres
ent travel year, 100000 persons have
visited the park.
@. How far south have the northern
lights been seen?-I. NJ. j.
A. The aurora boreslis is comparative
ly rare within As degrees Of the equator.
However, it was reported to have been
visible as far south as Georgia in 1850.
@ How effective were World War con-
voys?-J. T. H.
A. Conveys brought 99O8 per cent of
1889 ships safely into port.
@. Is there any estimate of the amount
of oil in the Athabasca oil sands of
Canada?-C. J. H.
A. The deposits are so vast that they
may contain from 100 billion to $50 bill
lion barrels of oil, or from three to eight
times as much as has been produced in
the world since 1859. Present output
ranges from 200 to 400 barrels a day.
@. Where did Jessica Dragonette, the
training?-H G. M.
A. Miss Dragonette was educated at
the Georgian Court College. Lakewood.
N. J. She also studied with Montant.
Frank La Forge, Blanche Blackman and
Joseph Schilllnger. She completed her
vocal training with Estelle Leibling in
New York City.
@. Has a sailing vessel ever been lost
on Lake Michigap?-E. C. M.
A. The 720-ton sailing vessel Our Son
was lost on September 80, 1880, on Lake
Michigan. This is the only record of
the loss of sailing vessel on that lake.
@. Please give a brief history Of the
Volta Bureau.-B. A. G.
A. The Volta Bureau was founded and
endowed in 1887 by DR.. Alexander Gra-
ham Bell, inventor of the telephone. 1t
takes its name from the Volta Prize,
established by Napoleon, which was
awarded to DR.. Bell by the French gov
ernment for his invention of the tele-
phone, from which he received enough
revenue to establish the Volta Bureau
for the Increase and Diffusion of Knowl-
edge Relating to the Deaf.
@. Has the space Of hairs breadth
ever been defned?-R. J. A.
A. In measurement, hairbreadth is
considered to be the 48th part of an
inch.
O. How many people wear toupees?-
c. M. J.
A. There are approximately 100000
persons in the United States wearing
toupees.
Evening star., 1941-10-04

No matter how much the home feeder
of wild birds may deprecate the presence
of wild pigeons, he should realize that
they are birds as well as any. Certainly,
they are not to be blamed for wanting
something to eat.
The Bureau of Biological Survey, in
Wild Life Leaf1et BS-143, traces the
origin of our ordinary street pigeons back
to historic times.
Pigeons similar to those now living
in a semiwild state in the parks and
streets of our towns and cities" says this
document, have been as closely associ-
ated with man throughout history as his
domestic animals
The progenitors of these birds can be
traced through medieval times, into the
dynasties of early Egyptian kings, and
even to the realm of myths before the
recorded word
Evidence presented by the birds them
selves" continues the leafet, in the
form, coloration and habits of even the
promiscuously interbred pigeons that we
now find in the streets, points to the like
lihood that originally these birds came
from the blue rock, or common pigeon
COLUMBIA liviaD of Europe. Asia and
,Africa.
'Thev may have been held in semi
domestication by early man, or they may
have taken advantage of easier living in
human surroundings Innumerable races,
or strains, of pigeons have been developed
by selectlve breeding and by the per-
ent stock.
When left to their own resources,
however, as are the members of the
tramp f1ocks that make q living from
the city streets, the birds tend 10 revert
to type suggesting the rock pigeon.
when one reads of the great f1ocks
of pigeons in the public squares of the
cities of Europe and Asia. f1ocks as old
as the cities themselves, and then sees
their counterparts in modern times, it is
evident that the urban pigeon will con-
tinue to be a close associate OF man and
his works for years to come.
Reasons for this are not hard TO find
Observe the food being offered by kind
hearted individuals on snowy winter days
or by interested children of sunny morn
ings, and observe also that other essen
tials for avian existence as shelter and
places to breed, are abundant. These
factors and a sympathetic, or at least
tolerant. attitude toward the birds by
a large part Of the populace assure them
a continuing livelihood.
The factors that favor then existence
and increase their abundance however
also aggrsvate certain problems con-
nected with their presence under modern
metropolitan conditions. Those who daily
have to contend with the litter and dis
turbance of large numbers of roostine
or nesting pigeons-including the custo-
dians of public buildings. dwellers ir
apartment houses and even private home
owners, have at times been called upon
in self-defense TO take action to curb
their numbers.
Under such conditions, the pleasure
and fascination of one individual may
become the bane of another. When this
occurs relief measures are necessary for
those adversely affected"
Evening star., 1941-10-04

seem. they were regarded as i'm
portant by civic groups whose men,
bers too often found out for the first
time that neighboring property had
been rezoned when building opera
tions started
No county in the Washington area
is more zoning conscious than Mont
gomery Spot coming and apartment
zoning for years have been and still
are the subjects of bitter disputes
and court actions. In the highly
charged political atmosphere of the
county every action is criticized.
Opponents of the county administra-
ton charged that the new zoing
enforcement officer was appointed
merely to give job to a political
worker. The new zoning ordinance
probably will be criticized because 1t
omits some suggestions made at the
public hearings
Far from hurting the county. the
criticism seems actually to have
helped it. 1t not only has enjoyed
a phenomenal growth as have other
Washington suburbs. but it's growth
in general has been of a high quality.
The healthful criticism and the
existence Of large independent
voting bloc seems to have helped
keep the county administration on
the alert. Unless the facts prove
otherwise. the county leaders in all
fairness are entitled to credit for
taking progressive steps to improve
enforcement and procedure in the
operation of such public safeguards
as the zoning laws.
Evening star., 1941-10-04

The personal expense accounts of
Hitler, Goering and other Nazi big
shots have been raised from Is to
18 marks per day. 1t is curious
commentary on German psychology
when they believe that such die
tators even pretend to exist on a
little over seven dollars every twenty
four hours. Napoleon was no such
hvpocrite.
Evening star., 1941-10-04
Says Jews Have Prayed
For Freedom for America.

To the Editor of The Star:
In his recent letter to The Star,
American Christian" urged all people of
the Jewish faith to pray on their high
holidays as they have never prayed
before. He asked them to pray for
protection from the new enemies that
suddenly have sprung up in this Chris
tian, God-fearing country"
And the Jewish people prayed not only
for protection for their loved ones and
themselves, but for every one in this
great home of ours.
They have prayed, too. for those in
Europe. but. above all, they have prayed
that the hated haters of Europe will not
be able to tear the torch of liberty from
our statues upraised arm and leave
America in lightless hell.
The last paragraph of your CORE
spondent's letter, especially is heart
warming and inspiring: But the propa-
ganda of hatred and intolerance, strange
to this free Nation. will not bear fruit"
Happily, indeed, it seems already that
fruit rather will be born from the prayers
so solemnly uttered by American Jewry
on their high holidays
AN AMERICAN JEW.
Evening star., 1941-10-04
Americas FavOrite Poems

Americas FavOrite POemS-Thls
collection has been printed in an
attractive 48-page booklet-verse
that will live forever in the hearts
of Americans The old-time ones
predominant, but there are some of
the newer poems, including Kill
mer. Kipling, McCrae and others
of our time. To secure your copy
of this publication inclose 10 cents
in coin, wrapped in this clipping,
and mail to The Star Information
Bureau.
Name
Address
Evening star., 1941-10-04
Hoskin's S Answers
To Questions
By Frederic J. HdSkin.

reader can get the onSWer to any
question OF fact by Writino The Ere
ming Star Information Bureau. Fred
eric J. Huskin, director, Washington,
o. c. Please tncloSe stamp for reply.
O. When was the British Embassy
built?-H. J. D.
A. The Embassy, designed BY Sir Ed
win Lutyens, was completed in July, 1881.
at a cost of approximately $1,000 900.
O. How many Civil War veterans are
living in New Jersey?-W. F.
A. The Veterans Administration SAYS
that as of June 30, l94l, the total num-
Der of Civil War veterans living in New
Jersey was %.
@. Does the Red Cross have a large
quantity of articles left over from the
other World War which they haves not
disposed of?-M P. L.
A. The American Red Cross saws 1t has
no articles left over from the first World
War. All such were disposed OF very
shortly following that war TO needy vet
Grams and their families.
@. How many cars have been manu-
factured since automobiles first were
made?-D. S E.
A. A total of 81 900 900 cars had been
produced in the United States up to the
end of 1910 Forty-three per cent OF
these are still in use.
O. BY what authority is the enlisted
strength of the United States Marine
Corps only 20 per cent of that of the
Navy?-E. F. o.
A. Section 4 of Public No. 80, Seventy
seventh Congress, approved on April ~,
194l, says: Hereafter the authorized
enlisted strength of the active list Of
the Marine Corps shall be 20 per centum
of the authorized enlisted strength Of
the Navy"
Evening star., 1941-10-04
Suggests Real Increase
In Cab Fares in Zone 1.

Several weeks ago local cab operators
filed a plea for an increase in cab rates.
To date no action has been taken on the
petition. Why? 1t is said that there is
no P. U. c. because of the failure of the
President to appoint members to fill
vacancies on it. Such an excuse is
preposterous.
There is and always has been utilities
commission in this city. In the old days
before the present P. U. c. was
created-the District of Columbia Com
missioners were the P. U. c. Therefore,
if lack of members has abolished the
regular p U. C. the District Of Colum-
bia Commissioners again become the
Public Utilities Commission. If this
is not so, then there is nothing to prevent
local cab operators from increasing cab
rates if they wish, and they should do so
at once, as the cost of everything a cab
driver uses is increasing-cab rentals and
gas prices especially.
Now 1 suggest that the increase be
real one-one fair to the public, the
driver and the cab owner. The increase
should be one that removes the discrim-
ination from the zone system. Therefore
I suggest the rate be $3.50 70-80 cents.
Splitting the first zone would be all right
except for the fact that it would make
the zone system even more discrimina-
tory than it is at present.
A system such as the 50-60-70-8O cent
one would be much fairer to riders in
al Ill
riders in Zone to get cab service during
rush hours. The drivers would consider
them worthwhile and quit driving past
them to get into Zones 2. and T. How
about it? BERNARD L. HENNING.
Insists Water Chestnut Of Potomac
Is Not Valuable rs q Food.
To the Editor of The Star:
The letter from Mary Maskee printed
in The Star for September Is serves to
emphasize the importance of having
names that shall be distinctive for things
we talk or write about.
Two utterly different plants go under
the common name water chestnut One
is the plant (botanically Trapa natans)
undJ mas DeCOIlt d pcSI III Llle FOtOIIldC
River. This chestnut" is a fruit, or
nut" usually with four stiff sharp
spines. 1t has been called also horn
chestnut and water caltrops. The kernel
of the nut is starchy and edible but it
is dry and not palatable and is not an
important article of food anywhere so
far as this writer knows A related
species in the Orient, the nut of which
has only two spines. or horns" Is said
to be sold boiled on the streets of Canton,
China, and other cities, but even this
is. not used in prepared dishes.
The second plant with the name
water chestnut is sedge, known
botanically as Eleocharis tuberosa, and
the Chestnut here is CORN mot corn)
or solid bulb" roughly comparable with
the gladiolus CORN. This obviously Is
the valuable product with which the
Chinese friends of Miss Maskee are
familiar, and it is indeed delicious and
nutritious food. 1t has been imported
into the United States from China in
increasing quantities for many yee~s.
The plant and its product me-. -
Evening star., 1941-10-04
Letters to the Editor

Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address of
the 1Urfter, although the use of
q pseudonyrl for publication is
permissible, The Star reserves
the right to edit all letters NTH
q uie1D to condensation.
Evening star., 1941-10-04
Member of the Associated Press.

. The Associated Press is exclusively emitted to
the use for republication of all news dispatches
credited to it or not otherwise credited in this
paper and also the local published herein.
All rights of publication of special dispatches
herein also are reserved
Evening star., 1941-10-04

called 'waternut' instead of water
chestnut. to help distinguish it from the
pest plant of the Potomac River. That
name is only slightly different to be
sure, but something obviously needs to
be done if the confusion of the past and
present is to be lessened. The valuable
waternut tEleocharis)-not the water
chestnut of the Potomac-msy in time
come to be grown as crop in this
country. and somewhat distinctive
name for it then will be even more i'm
portant than now.
POPEPT A VOTING
Evening star., 1941-10-04

reader can get the dnsUer to any
question OF tact by writ,ng The Epe-
ming Star Information Bureau. Fred
eric J. HuSkin, director, Washington,
o. C. Please tnclose stamp for reply.
Evening star., 1941-10-04

q WIItII Wds VIIe bIIVIsII Ei1IIUdEsSJ
built?-H. j. D.
A. The Embassy, designed by Sir Ed
win Lutyens, was completed in July, 1881.
at cost of approximately $1,000, 900.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-04-11

General Analine is a gigantic
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-04-11
u. ~. Probes NssZi EgIifZ
OF Chemical plants

company which does a business of
more than S50.0OO.000 a year and
which has had intimate relation
ship, according TO the Department
of Justice Investigators, with the
German dye and chemical trust,
/. &. FarbeninduStrie.
The Department of Justice
lai4aehad- investigation ta-aS-
certain To what extent German
domination of vital chemical in
dustrics in the United States and
throughout Latin America has
been achieved through inteTlock-
ing relationships between Ameri-
can and German firms. Many of
the chemical products and patents
involved. 10 was explained, are
important Ia national defense.
Department officials said that
their action aims To establish,
Whether the German chem
zeal trust. dominated by
L -Earhenindustrie,- has man
aged tn secure grip on various
key Segments of the American
chemical industry through as
segment of German patents
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-04-11

In connection with the issuance
OF Subpenas, the justice depart
ment said II a statement.
ut appears that the German
interests have entered into
patent licensing agreements
with American aftiliates under
which those American firms
would withhold their own prod
ucts from the South American
markets. This, il is complained,
was done for the purpose Of
preserving control over South
American markets for certain
chemical products.
"Many of the products TO
which these alleged documents
company records relate are of
great Importance from the
standpoint of national defense"
PRODUCTION HIT
The federal officials say that by
restrictions placed on American
chemical industries by German
licensing pacts. actual production
of vital chemicals has been cur
taileD far below what these indus
tries could produce if they had a
free hand in the markets of the
world.
The justice department added
that it has received complaints
that large Germ AN financial
credits are being piled up in this