davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1941-07-10
WORK. OR FIGHT ORDER ON WAY OUT

JUSTIFIED CRITICISM of the socalled work-or-
q fight order sent draft boards seems likely to
result in the order being reversed at least for
gotten The nation will be the gamer if this hap
pens, grave infringementS Of the rights of la
Dor are possible under the order
When General Hershey, director of the Selec-
tive Service Administration, on June 8, by tele-
gram directed all local draft boards 'to take nee
essary action to reconsider the classification of all
registrants who have ceased to perform the jobs
for which they were deferred and who are, by
such failure, impeding the national defense pro-
gram" he acting Administration order to
put pressure on the strikers in the North Ameri-
can Aircraft Corporation strike.
But the order reversed his statement in Janu-
ary when he told local board that threatened to
draft workers striking against the Ryan Aero
nautical Co., of San Diego that any change in a
regstrant's classification would be contrary to
the intent of the law and that 1.-The seIectve Serv-
ice system is not in position to use induction as
a threat to force man to do something or to re-
strain him from course of action
There is growing opinion among attorneys
legality, contrary to the intent of Congress-, and
without precedent. Woodrow Wilson merely
threatened the Bridgeport munitions workers
when they refused to abide by the award of the
War Labor Board. And the press reference to
the "Work-ortight' order Of May II, 1913, is
entirely without reevance to strikes; it had to do
with putting idlerS to work, giving them choice
of working or enliSting. A specific exception was
made in that order to men "tempOrarily unemplOy
ed because of Strikes
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1941-07-10
RAD HEALTH HAMPERS DEFENSE

SPEAKING BEFORE the National Nutrition
~ Conference in Washington, Brig. Gen. Hershey,
Deputy Director of SelectVe Service, said that the
physical condition of the youth of the nation rep
resents dangerous" situation for which I'VE
nationally should be thoroughly ashamcd.'
One-third of the 100000 reflections for physi-
cal deficiencies out Of the 100000 men examined
are due, directly or Indirectly to nutritional def
cicencies, Hershey stated. Most significant was
the Generals statement that half of the men re-
ected can be made fit for full military duty.
Not only the military arm but the other most
important factor Of modern deIense-industral
producton--is being hampercd by the unneces-
Salily high sickness rate in the United States
Paul " McNutt, Federal Security Administrator,
recently warned the nation that the bottleneck
on the defense program lis not STRIKES but hui
man health"
According to official authorities strikes and
lockouts represent only on per cent of the time
lost to industry because of sickness. Estimates
place the toll Of sickness at some lOOOOO,OOO days
Of work annually, Il loss of productive time equiv
alent to the full-timc services Of about 100000
workers annually.
These facts point to the need for the eXten-
sion Of medical and dental care to all for better
nutrition higher wages, improved working condi-
tionS-tor all that makes Il nation of healthy cltl-
ZenS.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1941-07-10
HEALTH IS PART OF DEFENSE

IN THE PRESENT defense program, individual
= stamina is required not alone of the man in uni
form, but also Of the man back of the lines who
provides him with the equipment he needs. And
American industry is safeguarding the health OF
it's millions of workers through steadily expand
ing plant health programs, as a survey of indus
trial health practices conducted by the National
Association of Manufacturers discOses.
More than 1000 companies replied to the sur
vey directed by the noted author and medical
consultant, DR.. Victor G. Heiser. The following
were the most salient facts established by the re-
turns:
l. Industrial health programs-long effective
in one form or another in most large American
companies-are being increasingly developed IN
the smaller plants of the nation.
2. These programs have not only brought
about reductions in accidents, occupational dis
ease, absences etc; in an overwhelming majority
of cases, they have effected net savings for the
companies concerned
3. The health programs have brought about
improved labor relations partly, perhaps, be-
cause physical examinations have put round pegs
in round holes"-placed men in jobs to which they
are physically geared
This comprehensive survey on industrial
health practices yields fund of valuable new in
formation that will aid all industry and the ma
tion as whole. Americans can take comfort IN
the fact that just at this time when eXtraordl-
nary physical demands are being made upon In
dustry in connection with defense, industry has
reached it's highest pitch in the field of health
practices and gives every evidence of continuing
to move ahead to new highs.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1941-07-10
COMPULSORY ARBITRATION UNWORKABLE
"T ABOR IN THE DEFENSE CRISIS,'' by T. r.

l. l.
~ Carskadon, one of the series OF pamphlets
published by the Public Affairs Committee, New
York, might we'll be made required reading for
those members Of Congress who are all excited
about strikes and hot for compulsory arbitration
legislation. Facts in the pamphlet dispose effec-
tuay of the idea that such legislation is work
able
The pamphlet summarizes survey Of the de-
fense labor situation, made by committee Of the
Twentieth Century Fund, headed by William II.
Davis, chairman of the National Defense Media
ton Board.
After reviewing the failure of compulsory az
bitration laws in Australia, Canada and Great
Britain, the pamphlet declares that "the evidence
shows pretty concuSiVey that compulsory arb-
tration, however simple it may sound in theory,
cannot be enforced in actual practice.
Our own experience in the war of 1917-191S
bears this out" the pamphlet goes on to say.
'StrikeS or lockOutS were never prohibited .
voluntary arrangements worked very WELL At no
stage did strikes seriously hamper the war ef-
fort Unions made u sincere effort to avoid
strikes, which were fewer in 1913 than in 1917.
"If, then, there is widespread agreement that
compulsory arbitration will not serve to bring
about industrial peace-What is the answer? Here,
again, is impressive factua evidence The an
swer seems to be voluntary mediation :. The
figures show that the proportion of success in me-
diation cases usually runs about 80 per cent
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1941-07-10
THROW EN- OUT!

A MEXICAN FEDERATION OF LABOR, in its
'Labor's Monthly Survey shows why or
ganzed workers must eliminate Communist in
iluence within their ranks
1--WE recognize the dsruptivc clements in
American unions for what they are: Outposts of
the Nazi-CommuniSt alliance" says the Fedora
ton. Their purpose is to sabotage defense pro
duction stir up industrial strife, undermine the
trade union movement, organize a revolution
against the United States"
The Federation points out that public resent.
ment aroused by Communist irresponsible and
wildcat strikes is vented on millions of union
members Loyalty serving their country and results
in a food OF proposals in Congress which threaten
to hamper and destroy labor's rights
There's only one way to cope with the situa
ton: Throw the proved Communists out "Reac
Communists out of your ranks. Refuse to sup
port Communist strike and tactics' the Fedora
ton urges. That's sound advice and American
Federation Of Labor members can be depended
upon to follow it.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1941-07-10
SAVING LIVES AND GAS

WHY NOT SAVE GASOLINE for defense needs
by slowing down our automobiles? asks the
Washington Daily News.
Well, why not? That slower speeds would
help is shown by the recent statement of the
American Automobile Association that motorists
could conserve at least one-fifth of the fuel they
are now using by avoiding high speeds on the
open highways and by being less hasty on the
getaway while driving in cities.
Besides, what is even more important than
saving gasoline, slowing down automobiles would
save lives. A large proportion of auto accidents
are due to excessive speed the Travellers lnsur-
ance Co., has found
America is making a bad traffic accident rec
ord this year, with auto deaths already running
| 800 ahead of 1910 Slowing down would i'm
prove the record from on and be a real con
tributon to national defense.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1941-07-10
STATE JOB OFFICES REPORT
BIG PLACEMENT GAINS

Washington, d. c.. GLNS)-Fed~
eral Security Administrator Paul V.
McNutt announced here that Ia mil
lion workers We're placed in Jobs by
the state employment Offices in the
first five months of this year-a gain
OF about GO per cent over the same
period Of 1910. More than half a
million placements were made during
May alone, the most recent month for
which data are available.
A report on employment security
unemployment compensation and
employment service) operations, sub
mitted by the Social Security Board,
shows that as placements have in
creased, unemployment compensation
payments have dropped sharply COM
pared with last year. Benefits in May
of this year came to $32 million-43l
per cent below the May, 1910 total.
This May, approximately 10000
workers received one or more bene-
fit checks as against Ia million in
May, 1910. Compared with the pre-
vlous month, however, May benefits
were II per cent higher.
This increase, the first to occur this
year, is in line with the belief of
many observers that benefit payments
will not fall substantially below the
present reduced level, even though
employment is on the increase. Labor
turnover, temporary shutdowns due
to scarcity of materials or equip
ment, and a number of other factors,
will, it is said, result in continued
volume of short-term unemployment
for large numbers of workers.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1941-07-10
RAILROAD SPEEDS SHOP WORK

New York City ULNS).-Shop en-
ployes of the Atlantic Coast Line
Railroad are now working AS hours
week, c. McD. Davis, vice-president,
announced here. The men worked 5
days of 8 hours each until June,
when the week was heightened to Al
hours. Davis said that the increase
from Al to AS hours will have the re-
suit of increasing shop output by 20
per cent and will increase labor in
the shops by an estimated more than
100000 man-hours over the level for
May.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1941-07-10
WHY STATE WAGE-HOUR LAWS

IN REPOSE to many requests for q summary of
the findings and opinions of trade unions, com
munity groups and Federal and state government
al agencies on the need of state wage-hour laws
to supplement the Fair Labor Standards Act, the
Division of Labor Standards, u. S. Department of
Labor has just published why a State Wage
Hour Law Now" (Bulletin No. 4D.
This pamphlet tells in popular form what a
good state wage-hour law should provide and
ployerS and farmers. A summary of the court
record on such laws and the effects of existing
wage and hour legislation concludes this story
Copies of the pamphlet long as the free sup
ply lasts, be obtained from the Division of La
Dor Standards.
Facts cited in the pamphlet constitute convinc,
ing reasons for speedy enactment everywhere OF
state wage-hour laws which are strongly sup
ported by organized labor.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1941-07-10
The Cherry Tree
Where We Hutchet Out
The Truth
WAR ECONOMY
. WORKERS HAVE STAKE
ON EMPLOYERS FORESIGHT
WAR COMES FIRST

Workers have a stake in whether
or not employers understand the fact
that we are in a war economy. You
don't believe it? Well, here's just
how.
And this example is fact, not fic-
ton:
The blank company, making a COM
modify in which aluminium is used,
believed it could do business as
usual"
Two months ago it didn't want any
defense business, because that would
interfere with supplying it's regular
customers.
Last week it got blunt notice-no
more aluminium.
No more aluminium means no more
manufacturing.
Maybe this company finds a way to
wiggle through-maybe not. Many
companies will not. They'll just close
up. No more jobs.
That's the workers stake in how
| we'll employers understand.
= =
There's talk of priorities for de-
fense housing. 1t may come-prob-
ably will.
Now priOrities, for the sake of
those who didn't live through the first
World War, means that the govern
ment says whether a company can
have certain materials or not. There
isn't any appeal
10 get priority rating you must
be making something the government
wants made. Otherwise no soap-or
no aluminium, or no steel, or no rub
ber-AND, no jobs!
This defense business is mighty Sc
rious business. One top official said
privately, "public comfort is abso-
lutely NOT being considered.'
Everything gives way to the stern,
grave business of making the ma
chimes of war.
But this is hard thing for some
to see and understand
X X X
There are many kinks in the gov
ernmental machinery yet.
Some of them will be smoothed out.
1t will never be perfect.
But perfect or not, and without re-
gard to many changes there may be,
the top, No. l job will be defense and
whatever doesn't help defense will get
little or no consideration.
Of course public morale, as it's
called, has a lot to do with defense
nd bo
tion for the non-war things of life.
But WAR MACHINES come first
as they should
The point is that we must be awake
to this situation, that we should un4
derstand it-and that we should help
employers to understand it., so that
| THEIR blindness, or greed, doesn't
leave thousands of workers at loose
ends, with no place to work.
| X
There's wrangle between those
who think we can have ample defense
and also "business as usual" Maybe
so, but the best evidence seems to be
that it's sound idea on paper and
full of holes when you get into ac-
tual materials.
Put it down that defense is first, for
all of us. Defense is for all of us.
SO, there will be sacrifices and it Just
isn't humanity possible to force or
coax all to sacrifice alike.
But it is possible to help see that
ALL are awake to the supreme crisis
which is upon us and that nobody re-
mains stupidity ignorant Of it all-or
even blssfully ignorant of it all.
YOU can lose your job because
your boss doesn't understand that this
nation is completely mobilizing for de-
| fense.
"There oughta be law" against
stupidity, but there isn't. So labor
has big watching job to do, for the
nation and for labor itself.-CMW.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1941-07-10
COMMENT ON WORLD
EVENTS

Upon the orders of the German oc-
cupation authorities in Poland, the
Labor Front is now proceeding to the
dissolution of the Polish trade unions,
the International Federation of Trade
Unions reports. 1t says a formal
ban has been issued on 81 big unions
and 139 smaller or local organizations
and goes on to say:
GAS far as they were able, the
Nazis requisitioned (or, as they usual
ly put it, put into safe custodyo
trade union property and funds. This
new German expression for robbery
which is afterwards given legal sane
ton had already been applied when
the German trade unions were looted.
"The German press, with the Vol
kischer Beobachter' we'll to the fore,
finds itself obliged to explain that
this decision is being put into effect
in the face of great difficulties on ac-
count Of the 'embezzlement, fraud and
concealment which had taken place.
Everybody knows what value is to be
set on such remarks, and reports
which we have from the underground
Polish trade union movement prove
only too clearly what lies behind
them: the Nazis' impotent wrath at
the effective sabotage which is carried
out by trade union officials, who have
reduced their ambitious campaign to
mere beating of air."
X X X
Commenting further on the Nazi
drive against the Polish unions, the
|. F. T. U. remarks:
"We express the wish that the
Polish underground may have con-
tinued success in keeping both their
persons and their funds out of Nazi
clutches.
simultaneously with this drive
for plunder, the Labor Front has
taken the preliminary measures to
set up recruiting machinery for the
members who are to be organized in
the months ahead. The Nazis 'ex-
pect' large number of new mem
bers. 1t may perhaps prove possible
IOr Inem, Dv using Cnelf usual meth
DDS of terrorism, to press-gang sec
tions of the Polish workers into the
new associations. But they will not
have much joy of these compulsory
members"
Defense profits are enormous"
says an article appearing in the cur
rent American Federationist, official
magazine of the American Federation
of Labor.
"There has been no general recog-
milton throughout industry of work
ers' right to share in the defense prfo-
its they are helping to create" the
article adds.
The "sitdown strike" of the Alumi-
mum Company of America is de-
nounced. Six vital months were lost,
says the article, because AIcoa re-
fused to expand.
''Time lost through strikes of work
ers pales into insignificance in COM
parison with this strike which slowed
our whole airplane program and put
us months behind schedule at a pc
riod when time is everything the
article asserts.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1941-07-10
SAID THE DEVIL TO HIS WIFE

Iodlu Lne DeNll TO ms WlIe,
Nations are again at strife.
Madness has its flag unfurled.
Fears are nuttering through the
world.
Greed and avarice as of old
Again are grown overbold.
Love of wealth and lust of power
Climbeth toward the zenith hour.
Thrones are trembling, nations fall,
Space is but spectral wall
Seas once thought protective moats
Now are skinned by flying boats.
Peaks are crossed, deserts flown,
Small indeed the world has grown.
Only time unchanged remains
For allusion's hopes and pains.
Nations once devout and sane
Bear the unbeliever's pain,
Scornful Of the righteous God
They ruleth with pagan rod,
And runneth as unbrided horse
To stumble headling in their course"
"Those who dealt too much in trust
Lieth weeping in the dust
Stripped of all they long held dear.
The grave alone remains to cheer.
Eyes skull bedded far to see
Could have spared the grovelling
knee.
Stouter hearts and stronger arms
Could have flayed invading swarms.
Freedom welded into one
I.
Yet this hell brewed curse of war
Will bring myriads to my door.
Still if mankind did but know,
They my power could overthrow.
Observance of the Golden Rule
Would empty soon my birthstone
pool"
Said the Devil to his wife,
"Nations are again at strife"
Daniel 3. Straley.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1941-07-10
WISDOM
Patience is the most necessary
thing in this wOrld.-COnfucius.
TO PLEASE POKER PLAYERS

LOUISVILLE, Ky.-EXecutives Of the
Brown and Williamson Tobacco Cor
poration premium department say
they have the poker set that is sure to
please. The set, offered for coupons
that come with Raleigh union-label
cigarettes, is in a solid walnut case
made by master craftsmen. 1t has a
beautiful hand rubbed finish and spe-
cial hardware, and holds 800 chips
and two decks of cards.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1941-07-10
WOULD NOT BE TOLERATED

Voluntary avoidance of work stoppages is one
thing and, in view Of the national crisis, accepta-
BILE to the overwhelming majority of American
workers. Compulsory servitude, in tlaerant dis
regard of the Thirteenth Amendment to our Con
outlawing slavery for all time, is quite
another thing and-to be quite blunt about it
would not be tolerated by the American people,
George Meany, secretary-treasurer, American
Federation Of Labor.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1941-07-10
WHAT NEXT?

A lOw-cost plug-in individual
room air conditioner is now made
with a reversing valve that per-
mits it to be used as heating
unit-reversed refrigeration, says
Nations Business. Capacity is g.
600 BTU for cooling or up to o.
200 BTU for heating.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1941-07-10
Truths Pondered While
Riding At Anchor
MR.. MODESTUS

. NO TAXATION
. WITHOUT REPRESENTA-
| TION
. TURKEY HUNTERS
. FOR RUGGED INDIVIDUAL
lists
Independence
"No taxation without representa-
tion"-
That was Americas demand in
1776-
But it was tangled up with freedom
to trade with the world
Freedom also to use our own re-
sources and our labor
Stupid Britishers, almost as stupid
as at Munich
Had not yet learned lessons in CO.
lonial administration
Which enabled them to build a
world empire
And so, America began to be
That which it has since become
Synonym for freedom, freedoms in
the plural
Adding economic freedom to politi-
cal freedom
Adding freedom of speech to reli-
gious freedom
Until the basic freedoms number
four
With other freedoms still ripen-
ing on the boughs of time.
x X X
All we wanted was, to be let
alone
Whereupon, we told European mon
archs-
To keep their fingers off of Ameri-
can soil
We cleaned up Barbary pirates in
the Mediterranean
Japan's ancient exclusiveness did
not suit our free ways
So we crashed her gates of ances-
trail pride
Then, trading New England rum
for kidnapped African slaves
We Uttered the seven seas with
swift clipper ships
DdilIlS VIC WOIlG W SIOp us
We were independent.
4 4 4
Now come the world-anarchists-
Telling American ships to keep off
the high seas
Threatening to sink every cargo
we send to friendly nations
Ridiculing our freedoms, and our
democratic manners
TO our mass production for gener-
Gus living
They oppose mass production of
weapons for war
To our offer of free world trade
and universal benefits
They oppose organized loot, and la
Dor of slave peoples
Countering our peaceful missions
of religious teachers
With propaganda for deliberate
confusing Of minds of all nations
Their declared goal: to plant their
pirate controls
For thousand years of tyranny.
X X X
And there are those among us
Who advise entering into "agree-
ments" with these anarchists
Seeking for negotiated peace
With gangsters who have broken
all contracts they ever made
What Communists frankly promised
to do, but have not done
These practitioners of bloody, ruth
less barbarity-
Have been doing, according to a
program of theirs
X X X
And the Quislings want us to treat
fair with them
To give up this independence, heri-
tage of our fathers
To lay down our freedom of
thought and action
Ultimately, to pull down the Stars
and Stripes
Finally, to run up the hideous
Swastika, and the Black Eagle
x X 4
We may not have so many rugged
individualists," today
But we still have some turkey hunt
ers left
Our new declaration, reply to this
bloody disorder
Is as final as that of the Founding
Fathers:
"We would rather die on our feet
than to live on our knees"
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1941-07-10

Look for the Union Label when you
purchase clothing.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1941-07-10

What did one casket say to the other
,asket?
rs that YOU coffin ?"
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1941-07-10

EASTERN GENERAL WARE STANDING COMMITTEE
A. SUTTERLlN JAMES TURNE
Operatives, WHEATLEY. VIM. YOUNG. EDWARD SEYFER
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1941-07-10

WESTERN GENERAL WARE STANDING CoMMITTEE % ~,
GOODWIN M j. LYNCH ARTHUR WELLS
JOHN McGILLIVRAY LOUIS PIESIOCk. r. uAYNE: