davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1941-11-24
New F. W. A. Heed

Brigadier General Philip B. Flem-
ing, recently nominated by the Presi-
dent to succeed John M. Carnody as
Federal Works administrator, is well
qualified for this important post. A
graduate of West Point, he has had
a distinguished career in the Corps
OF Engineers. AS deputy admins
traitor Of the Public Works Admins
tration, from 1888 to 1885, and later
as co-ordinator of the Resettlement
Administration, he proved himself
an able executive. Since 1899, he has
been head Of the Wage and Hour
Division, charged with enforcing the
Fair Labor Standards Act.
General Fleming has done q good
job in directing the work Of the d.
vision. Dealing firmly with those
who willfully violated the law, he has
nevertheless evidenced a sympa-
thetic understanding Of the prob
lens faced by employers in meeting
the requirements OF the statute.
To secure greater production dur
ing the present emergency. he has
repeatedly urged the need for tho
continuous operation q American
Evening star., 1941-11-24
THIS AND THAT
BIZ Charles z. Trdce1peH,

Some . few more some . few less.
At times, and varying with the loca-
ton, there may be from to 40 doves,
for instance, in a yard.
Virginia suburbs seem to have the most
doves.
The most we have ever counted in our
own small yard in Chevy Chase was six.
This column has stressed, for many
years, that one bird, of q species, is as
good rs hundred birds of the same
species.
A single mother cardinal, seated on a
spray, Is as beautiful as a thousand
could be.
Excitement in numbers
That is all very well, in military mat
tiers, or crowds at football games, but 1t
really has very little to do with artistic
appreciation.
The Japanese taught us this, in flower
arrangement.
Their artists-and their American
imitators-can take a single flower, or
at most two or three, and 50 arrange
tIlC UOWl VI vase llldt q lANhl6, NdludUlC
contribution to beauty is the result.
H+& +
Persons who like their flowers, as 1t
were, in the form of feathers on living
birds, must learn to be content with
few.
Only the rare individual will have 300
fox sparrows in the yard at one time.
What sight it would be!
Farther out in Maryland, according to
report several years ago to this column
a gentleman had 10 male cardinals In
one tree at one time.
Two summers ago We personally saw
between IS and 100 ruby -throated hum
mingbirds in a single tree.
That was sight, too.
y
Not every person must expect to have
birds fly down into their hands, as some
persons report.
Or to have them fly into the dining
room and eat from the table, as also has
been reported
None of us, we feel sure will have a
pair of sparrows follow us around the
world, as one book tells
These are exceptions in bird observa-
ton.
The happy thing is that few English
sparrows, in deep city yard, will give
much pleasure and interest to the person
who likes the birds. If he or she does
not like them, the sparrows will be either
unseen or, if seen, regarded as a nuis-
ance.
In the suburban sections, where there
are plenty of trees. the bird friend will
find he has many more species, and more
Of each species, than most bird friends
in town.
1t is really much better to have identi-
fed so species, than to have had 300 of
the same species all at once
Let us learn to be happy with what we
have. Contentment is still a continual
feast.
Evening star., 1941-11-24

people, supericially and bluntly. guided
by the standards of Hollywood's films
or by the gangsters of Chicago.
Two definite conclusions emerge from
Mr.. Gunthers book: First, it is absurd
to write about the vast expanse of
Latin America, its problems and its
characteristics, by making notes from
an airplane's armchair; second, in order
to obtain a commercial success in the
sale OF book, the anxiety of the North
American reader should not be ex-
plotted by using as bait the good neigh
Dor policy.
In the future, the Latin American
countries will have to be more careful
when they offer their hospitality to
tourists who pretend knowing us and
who then take advantage of our good
nature in order to discredit us after
wards. No wonder the Foreign Minister
OF Brazil was reported in the magazine
Time" as saying: IF the United State.
Government sends one more mission to
stimulate the good-neighbor policy.
Brazil will declare war on the Republic
OF the North"
The same may be applied to journals
tic experts" of Mr.. Gunther's caliber.
G. GUTIERREZ VIM.
Editor Of La Razon.
La Paz, Bolivia.
Evening star., 1941-11-24
Fall PIuntino

Kneelino as though in prayer, dig
the soil,
Hollop a fertile nest for root and
stalk,
Crumb bling the rich bropn loan IN
breathless toll,
Seeing ,Dhtte lilies here beside tho
Udlk.
This bare cold stem shall quicken
into life,
And, delicate as mist come purple
bloom
When Hlacs stir and April minds are
rife,
Filching from opened fowers their
rare perfume.
This tall young beech, ne,o-brought
from, out the Dood
Is like a slender pyramid Of hope;
This dogDood nop, In crimson cape
and hood
Was tUhite last year along the forest
slope.
Before earth's ancient shrine plant,
and ,Uait,
Kno,oing springs sun and rains shall
stoing the gate.
IVY LrNDSLEY.
Evening star., 1941-11-24

industrial machinery, through the
use Of three or more shifts of workers.
This is a sound recommendation
Even If the standard work week is
heightened from forty to forty-eight
hours, as some have suggested, null
tiple shifts still would be needed to
keep factory machinery working 1853
hours week, thus assuring maxi
mum industrial output.
In his new post he will have an
equal opportunity to demonstrate his
ability as an administrator. The
F. w. A. has an important role in
the preparedness effort, in carrying
out the Governments defense hous-
ing program and in other of its
activities. Under General Fleming
its direction will remain in competent
hands.
Evening star., 1941-11-24
BETHESDA, Md.

Dear Sir:
Il took up bird feeding after reading
your articles in The Star, and 1t has
been real pleasure to me. but I am
somewhat disappointed in the number
OF birds we have.
Il thought we would have real clouds Of
birds, but so far there have not been any
clouds at ALL
us this to come, or is this all we are
going to have? Maybe got too big an
idea Of what one ought to get, but
must confess would like to have many
birds. not just few.
Il am located in a built-up suburban
neighborhood, the houses are on wide
lots, at least they seem wide, after living
in town.
The birds that come seem to like
what l put out for them, but there are
not enough OF them to suit me. To dis
emburden your mind, that it was you
who put the idea of clouds Of birds in my
mind. will say that 1t wasn't you, but
book which have been reading The
woman who wrote this book said she had
avn sf>AAAoWS AL IlCI ydlO.
Now I had had fox sparrows, half a
dozen. but not 100, or 200, or 300. Is it
possible? Sincerely, T. T. s."
The woman who wrote the book lived
In Massachusetts,, practically in the mid
die of forest.
1t makes a difference.
Persons who live in Maryland woods
often have scores of birds to one of the
species closer to built-up areas.
Bethesda, in nearby Maryland, is no
longer country. The old jokes about
Bethesda no longer hold good.
1t is now real suburban commu-
nifty.
The wonder Is that bird lovers have as
many birds as they have in resident
communities
The presence of trees brings a great
many, but no one who has known real
forest life could claim that one is going
to have as many birds in 1941 suburban
community as in the deep woods.
The larger the plot of unoccupied
ground around home, the greater
chance there is for more birds.
At one time, some 30 or IS years ago.
Chevy Chase, Md. was reputed to have
the largest bird population in the United
States
1t still has thousands of birds. but
residents who recall the older davs will
tell you that the bird population has
declined as the human population has
grown
We should not expect the impossible
In this sport, but be satisfied with what
We have
The average suburban resident either
IN nearby Maryland or Virginia, will be
able to identify between so and so
species, on an average, in a year or two
Evening star., 1941-11-24
Labor Legislation

Two congressional groups, the SEN
ate Judiciary Committee and the
House Labor Committee, are expected
today to resume consideration OF
legislation to facilitate the handling
of labor disputes In defense indus
tries. Since the agreement to sub
NIT the coal strike to arbitration,
however, there has been evidence of
some disposition to refrain from TAX
ing any legislative action opposed by
labor leaders, and it is more than
probable that nothing will be done
unless the President openly lends
his support to one or another of the
pending bills.
There is every reason why Mr..
Roosevelt should encourage some
legislative action which reasonably
may be expected to cure an unde-
niable evil 1t is true that the coal
strike has been settled, and that is
a tremendously important achieve
ment. But this accomplishment, Of
itself, is no guarantee against trouble
in the future. This is abundantly at
tested by the experience Of the past
year, which has seen a number of
labor f1are-ups, followed by popular
demands for congressional action to
insure uninterrupted defense pro-
duction. In each instance, however,
as particular strike was settled, the
demands for corrective legislation
died down and nothing was done.
The result has been that strikes have
become increasingly serious in their
effect on defense activities, and the
problem is no nearer solution now
than it was year ago.
At present, the outlook is darkened
by the precarious position in which
the National Defense Mediation
Board finds itself. The board has
been extremely favorable to labor on
the whole, but because it ruled
against the United Mine Workers in
the captive coal case the c. I. o. has
withdrawn it's members from the
board and has announced that
henceforth it will not accept its
services in any labor dispute. That,
for practical purposes, leaves the
country without any effective media
tion machinery, and is an open invi-
tation to strikes in the future.
Thus, at the very least, Congress
should re-establish the board on a
sound legislative basis. Use of It's
facilities should be made obligatory
and it should be given powers at
least equivalent to those exercised
under the Railway Labor Act.
Evening star., 1941-11-24
Virqiniu Power Needs

Having experienced several black
outs due to power failures, residents
of nearby Virginia will be reassured
by the announcement that officials
of the Potomac Electric Power Com
pany and the Virginia Public Service
Company have agreed to intercon-
meet their facilities. The intercon-
nection is to be made through the
Braddock Light and Power Com
pany, a subsidiary of Potomac Elec-
trio serving small portion Of
Arlington County.
From the public's standpoint it is
obvious that all available electric
power sources in this area should be
linked in way that would assure
service to any section likely to ex-
roerience a shortage. The nearby
territory served by Virginia Public
Service has experienced more short
ages than any other part of the
Washington Metropolitan district.
Fortunately the power failure and
breakdowns have merely caused in
convenience to date, but such ex-
periences produce uneaSiness among
the residents who realize that long
blackout could lead to actual hard
ship. Power officials as we'll as Gov
eminent officials have found it diff
suit to expand their facilities fast
enough to keep pace with the sensa-
tional growth of the area.
Important branches Of the Gov
eminent are functioning across the
Potomac and the imperative needs
of national defense are too serious
to be put in jeopardy by any technical
barriers which might prevent a pool
Ing of power resources. The North
ern Virginia Regional Defense
Council noted that recent power
failure slowed production for several
hours at the naval torpedo station
In Alexandria. Prior to that Incl
dent Virginia Public Service had
begun huge plant expansion pro-
gram and arranged to link its facili-
ties with those Of another Old
Dominion utility, Virginia Light and
Power.
The expansion program has been
handicapped by inability to obtain
machinery ION order" A turbine
ordered a year ago, for example, was
requisitioned by the Navy. The in
terconnection with Potomac Electric
was q logical step. Although only
about $500 kilowatts will be available
through the present reserve cable
across Key Bridge. 1t Is to be hoped
Evening star., 1941-11-24
- Detention of Aliens


Department OF Justice officials are
justiiably disturbed over rejection
by the House of the Hobbs bill to au-
thorize limited detention of certain
alien ex-convicts and Of aliens advo-
eating overthrow Of the Government
by force or holding membership in
specified subversive organizations.
This important measure, Endorsed by
Associate Justice Jackson Of the Su-
preme Court while he was Attorney
General and by Attorney General
Biddle, was designed to meet seri-
Gus potential threat to the security
of the Nation-the presence in the
country of thousands of aliens
who, although they have been Or
dered deported for criminal, anarch-
istic or other specifically objection
able activities, cannot be sent from
our shores because of war conditions
or other obstacles.
Most Of the opposition to the bill
came from those who expressed fear
that constitutional liberties would be
impaired and that 1t would encourage
witch hunts" of the Gestapo or
Ogpu type. There was no basis
for such fears, however. as special
pains were taken in drafting the bill
to see that every proper legal safe
guard was provided against arbi-
trary and oppressive administrative
action. To have been subject to de-
tention, for example, an alien crimi-
nal not only would have had to be
sentenced by a court of law to at
lease one year for some felony and
ordered deported by immigration
authorities after full hearings, but
would have had to receive his de-
tention orders from a quasi-judicial
board, created for this special pur-
pose. The board, appointed by the
President, would have been entirely
independent of the Department of
Justice or other administrative
agency. Moreover, the legislation
would not have applied to law-abid-
ing. harmless aliens found to be de-
portable for sundry reasons.
The Hobbs bill was reported unani-
mously by the House judiciary
Committee, but it failed to receive
from the House the careful consid-
Grafton which it deserved. 1t was
debated hastily just before the
Thanksgiving recess, when, as one
Representative remarked, members
were tired" and impatient to go
home for the holidays The House
will have an opportunity to recon-
slider, however, If the Senate passes
the identical Russell bill, now before
the Senate immigration Committee.
The committee had delayed taking
up the Senate measure, pending
House action on the Hobbs bill. It is
to be hoped that the committee now
will report the Senate bill promptly
and that legislation to protect the
country against dangerous but un-
controlled aliens will be enacted by
both houses of Congress.
Evening star., 1941-11-24

that studies now in progress by
engineers of the two companies and
those of the Federal Power Commis-
sion will lead to additional cable in
stallations. Experiences Of the past
few months indicate that substan-
tial amount of additional power is
needed as soon as possible to meet
defense requirements and serve the
community in general.
Evening star., 1941-11-24

@. How can stains from copper screens
be prevented?-R. E. r.
A. The National Bureau of Standards
says that stains from copper screens
may be eliminated by painting the
screens (after thorough cleaning) with
a good grade Of automobile enamel.
@. What is extrasensory pereeption9-
c. J. r.
A. 1t is perception not involving the
use of any known sense. The term is
employed by some psychologists to cover
instances of perceptive powers not yet
scientifically explained, as In clairvoy-
ance and telepathy.
O. When did San Marino become al
lied with Germany in the war?-L j. r.
A. San Marino ended its quarter of a
century of war against Germany on Sep
tember IT, 1910, and became a partner
of the Axis in fighting Great Britain.
Q. What are the colors of the Virginia
Military Institute?-T. c.
A. They are red, white and yellow.
@. Where were the President and Mrs.
Roosevelt married?-R. D. A.
A. Mr.. and Mrs. Franklin D. Roose-
welt were married by the Rev Endicott
Peabody of Groton, Mass, at the resi-
dence of Mrs. Roosevelt's cousins. Mr..
and Mrs. Henry Parish. jr., in New York
City on March II, 1905.
@. What was the original name q
Annapolis. Md.?-B. j. r.
A. 1t was settled by Puritans from Vir-
ginia in 1649 and named Providence.
When it became the capital of Maryland
in 1894. 1t was renamed Annapolis in
honor of the English princess who later
became Queen Anne.
@. Please give the title of the compo-
sition played and sung by Joan Crawford
and Greer Carson in When Ladies
Meet."-W. j. c.
A. 1t is Yours to Eternity
@. Where is William Jennings Bryan
buried?-A H. T
A. He is buried in Arlington National
Cemetery in Virginia.
@. What is the membership of the Al
Clubs?-S. P. j.
A. There are 100000 All Club men,
bers in the 48 States, Alaska, Hawaii and
Puerto Rico.
Evening star., 1941-11-24
Challenges Coercion
OF Workers BY Unions.

SnducnSeS coercion
OF Workers by Unions.
To the Editor Of The Star:
At last the American people know what
to expect.
Union leaders now are bold enough to
admit that neither national emergency
nor rights Of others shall interfere with
their program of forcing tribute from
all and sundry. Even the possibility
that we eventually may be forced to Hell
Hitler" means less to them than the de-
sire that we now recognize Leader
Lewis" or Master Murray"
Much has been said and written about
our rights as free, independent citi-
zens." But are we Independent when
any group Of men may say to others:
You cannot work here unless you be-
long to our organization, do as we say
and pay us part Of your earnings?" If
1t Is social justice to permit any en-
ploye to belong to any union or organi-
zation without interference by his en-
ployer, it also is social justice to permit
any man to work where and when he
pleases without being forced to belong
to any organization. 1t is time for us
as citizens to demand this right and to
make 1t law of the land that while any
person, If he wishes, may belong to any
union or association, he also may have
the right to work without interference,
violence or threat II he does not choose
to be q member. &C. ARTHUR.
Evening star., 1941-11-24
Letters to the Editor
Criticizes Book on Latin America
Written by Journalist Traveller.

Crtlclzes BOOK on Latin America
Written by Journalist Traveller.
To the Editor Of The Star:
One OF the obstacles which the policy
Of inter American rapprochement must
face is the new crop OF so-called "ex-
perts" on Latin America which suddenly
has appeared in the United States. Most
OF them are but plain and simple tour
lists. who, after a 24-hour sojourn in
each Of the Latin American capitals
judge themselves authorized to produce
articles, pamphlets, conferences and
sometimes even dare to write books on
the subjects.
To this crop Of self-appointed "ex-
perts," now must be added the name
OF the journalist John Gunther. author
OF Inside Europe" Inside Asia" and
Outside Latin America" the latter
being sold under the title of Inside
Latin America"
We knew, in the countries to the
South, that sooner or later such a book
as Mr.. Gunther's would appear; but
although We expected it to be naive and
superficial, We never thought that he
would dare to present it as the fruit OF
a profound study of the characters and
events of the Latin American countries,
Of which he hardly had q birds-eye
view.
1t is inconceivable for instance, that
in the case of Bolivia, of which country
I am proud to be citizen, and which is
one Of the largest Of the Americas, Mr..
Gunther pretends to give a version OF
what he saw during "a hours as a true
picture of things as they really are in
my homeland.
Undoubtedly the author of "Outside
Latin America" was in great hurry to
publish his book and did not give it the
benefit Of long preparation and study
enjoyed by his celebrated Inside
Europe" written after many years OF
residence in that continent.
I really don't know what the other
American countries may think about
Mr.. Gunther's product" although
have an idea-but can firmly say that
in whatever it concerns my country, it
fails. shamelessly, in telling the truth;
there are geographical and historical
errors, and complete lack of even
journalistic accuracy.
Mr.. Gunther speaks of our apathy and
1rritability, arriving at the conclusion
that we are an immensely sad people.
This is one OF the very few things told
by him which approaches the truth but
1t Is obvious that on his fleeting visit
through Bolivia he was unable to cap
ture the reason of our sadness and
apathy. which might be the fact that
during our 100 years of republican free
life, the fertility and the treasures Of
our soil have compelled us to sustain
wars and controversies with all our
neighbors, and to survive laboriously
and painfully without access to the sea.
Outside Latin-America" speaks OF the
appalling poverty in which we Bolivians
live, and in this case as In all others
treated. judgment Is passed uus,n our
methods Of sowing, our crops and TIE
bountifulness Of our soil. from what he
saw along three commercial streets Of
La Paz. When came to the United
States for the first time, I was not sur.
prised when did not ind tall grass
growing over Times Square, nor did I
svaluats Or Judge the great American
Evening star., 1941-11-24

Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address of
the 1criter, although the use OF
a pseudOnynl for publication is
permissible. The Star reserves
the right to edit all letters rith
q Uie1D to condensation.
Evening star., 1941-11-24
Huskin's Answers
To Questions
BIZ Frederic J. HdSkin.

reader can get the dns,1er to any
question OF fact by writing The Eue-
ming Star Information Bureau, Fred
eric J. Haskin, director, Washington,
D. c. Please inclose stamp for reply.
@. How many deaths result from car.
biles?-J. w. J.
A. In 1910 there were 1852 deaths
from carbon monoxide poisoning. OF
these, LOGS were suicide cases, and 287
were accidental.
@. What is the nerve center" Of the
Soviet Union?-M. j. B.
A. Moscow is so called.
@. When did Oregon State College
have a barefooted player on its football
team?-R. j. B.
A. In the game between Oregon State
College and New York University In 1923
Henry Hughes an Hawaiian boy from
Honolulu, playing right halfback on the
team, was barefooted kicker.
@. Who plays the part Of Andy's
nephew from Georgia on the Amos n
Andy" programme. L. j.
A. The role is taken by Lawrence Har-
ris, who is 18 years old.
@. Is 1t true that the Labrador dog
has the sharpest nose for both upland
birds and waterfoWl?-B. S.
A. The Labrador Retriever Club says:
"Over 100 years ago, Peter Hawker in
his Advice to Young Sportsmen' recon-
mended the St Johns dog (as the Lab
rador was then called in England as
having the sharpest nose and being the
best for retrieving upland game. The
records of retriever trials in this coun-
try show that the Labrador dogs have
won more trials than any other breed Of
retriever"
@. What does it cost to air-condition q
railway carp. B. j.
A. The cost of installing air-condi-
tioning systems on passenger cars ranges
from $4,000 to s8,5O0, depending on the
type and other factors.