davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1941-03-27

empty shell. The red sandstone Of
the outer walls withstood the fire
better than modern masonry might
survive a similar ordeal; but they
necessarily must be razed lest,
weakened by the flames, they fall.
Nothing, of course, remains OF the
roof; nothing of the carven wood
work was saved. The lovely stained
glass windows vanished in the blast.
A catalogue of the memorials lost
has yet to be compiled.
One treasure, however, escaped
disaster. The feature for which the
Cathedral was most widely famous
was its magnificent Perpendicular
tower and spire, reaching three
hundred and twelve feet toward the
stars Regarded by students Of
Gothic architecture as lone of the
finest (examples) in Europe" it be-
longed to the period between 1878
and 1888, when the art it represented
was at its noblest peak. And so we'll
was it put together by its forgotten
builders that it came through the
bombing unscathed While clouds
of smoke and sparks rose about
them, the chimes Of Coventry rang
out the hours. The German raiders
had not silenced them. One voice
in England was unStilled. Its music
continues to encourage a people
whose spirit is valiant and brave.
Evening star., 1941-03-27
Ordered to Work

The determined effort by Secretary
of the Navy Knox and William Knud-
sen of the o. P. M. to break the
ten-week-old strike at the Milwaukee
plant of the AlliS-C Chalmers Manu-
featuring Company will command
the whole-hearted support of the
vast majority of the American people.
In this, the first really strong stand
taken by any high Government off,
cial against inexcusable defense
strikes, much is at stake. OF imme-
diate concern, of course, Is the i'm
portance of getting the Allis-Chalm-
ers plant back into production, for
its output is vital to the Nations
destroyer and powder making pro-
gram. But, perhaps, of greater sig
nif1cance is the fact that this Incl
dent promises to be a major test of
the Governments capacity to compel
recalcitrant minority groups to serve
the public interest rather than their
own selfish ends in this critical emer-
gency. That is test which cannot
be lost without disastrous conSe-
quences.
A spokesman for the company
has indicated that the demand made
by Secretary Knox and Mr.. Knudsen
is welcomed by the employer, and
that it would be fully complied with
so far as the company is concerned.
From the union, however, there has
come nothing but defiance, Harold
Christoffel, the allegedly left wing
president of the c. I. o. United Auto
mobile Workers local at the plant,
asserting bluntly that the men would
not return to work unless and until
they decide to do so of their own
accord.
In this connection it will be inter-
esting to await the report expected
today from the Wisconsin Labor Re-
lations Board on charges that some
40 per cent of the strike ballots in
the union vote on the walkout were
forged. If this charge IS sustained,
those responsible for calling and con-
tinuing the strike should be dealt
with In summary fashion.
Evening star., 1941-03-27
THIS AND THAT
BIZ Charles Z. TrdcetDell.

arrival Of my first robins for the past
five years, this first robin is three weeks
late.
Maybe this is the second robin.
Sincerely, A. o."
- -
The above note contains two points
worthy of note:
/. That this springs robins are unusu-
ally fat.
lings
Both of these observations are true
But we wonder if we think robins are
unusually fat because we have forgotten
what outstanding, chesty fellows they
are?
Most persons interested in bird life
have been watching birds all winter, and
in those watched there is a prepon-
derance of smaller birds.
Then along comes a robin, and we
think he is diversified, when all the time
we may have forgotten just what that
size is
| Robins and starlings get along very
WCh tOSCIllCls 4llC illlls VI IllC COiQ
wind we had two robins and fifty
starlings in the yard.
| Bits of stale bread were put out espe-
cially for the starlings. We have decided
! that their congregating at the feeding
stations was due to proportion of pea
| nut hearts in the mixture
/ Starlings have soft bills and ordi-
| narily do not prefer hard seeds, as the
! sparroWs do.
! Robins are soft billed birds, too. No
doubt this likeness makes them feel at
| home with the starlings.
We put out pan of bread and milk
for the robins.
Would they eat it?
| Both robins hoped near, circled the
! pan, looked at 1t closely-then hoped
away on the never lending search for
worms.
! Finally one of them sampled the
softened bread, and ate bit, but this
was the only time.
! Nor did the robins touch the cut apple
which had been placed for them in the
center of the yard.
The greatest robin display we have ever
seen came the other evening at 6 o'clock.
One hundred robins-count em-few
In from the south, took bath in the
pool and then one by one few up and
toward the north.
Our estimate may seem high, but
robins were coming so thick and fast
that when we counted so we gave up
and then surely as many more few in.
Robins were arriving, bathing and TAX
ing off in a steady stream.
1t was a wonderful sight, but you had
to be looking for it, and watching the
right place at exactly the right time.
We were fortunate. The largest num-
ber of robins we had seen together at
one time in the past had been about
fifty, reported here several years ago,
at the same time correspondent in
Edgemoor had seen about 100.
Evidently these birds hy in bands Of
approximately 50 or 100 birds, a good
working number for the best worm catch.
Evening star., 1941-03-27
A Voice Justified

The most recent issue of The
Cathedral Age, quarterly magazine
published at Washington Cathedral,
contains an account of the destruc-
ton of Coventry Cathedral in Eng
land last November. German raiders
bombed the entire community, pre-
sumably because it was a center Of
the aircraft industry. The ancient
Church of ST. Michael, constructed
principally during the fifteenth CEN
tury, may not have been an intended
target. 1t was demolished and
burned just the same. Such is the
inevitable fate of those sanctuaries
of the Living God which stand in
the path of war.
But the Nazi flyers were not alto
gether successful in their attack upon
Coventry's most sacred shrine. True,
the apse and choir and nave of the
beautiful structure were left an
Evening star., 1941-03-27

sia's benevolent neutrality, which
would probably mean aid similar to
that extended by Moscow to China
in its struggle with Japan.
However, to Jump from this rather
modest minimum to maximum hopes
Of basic change in RusSia's foreign
policy would seem to be wishful
thinking. Russia promises Turkey
benevolent neutrality "if Turkey be
attacked" Here is no green light"
for Turkey to redeem its diplomatic
pledges to Greece or to join it's ally,
Britain, in Balkan counterstroke
against axis aggression. Russia
stood by in silence while Yugoslavia
was waging its losing diplomatic
battle for independence. Only by
inference has Moscow condemned
this latest aggression from Berlin.
All this inevitably suggests that
Russia considers her major interests
begin only with the fate of Turkey
and the Straits. Even there, Moscow
shows no readiness to oppose Ger
many by positive action. 1t merely
gives Turkey the assurance that a
defensive war against Germany will
be viewed approvingly by Moscow
and that no unfair advantage will
be taken. This assurance is, of
course, gratifying, and makes Turk
ish resistance to Germany possible.
But that is as far as it goes. Once
more Moscow seems determined to
keep out Of the war, no matter who
else gets in.
Evening star., 1941-03-27
Food Prices in Washington
Compared With Those in London.
To the Editor of The Stal

10 the EDITOR OF Inc star
On Monday night reporter in London
discussing via radio the increase of the
retail prices of certain foodstutfs in
Britain said that prices recently had
jumped 80 to so per cent in the case Of
fresh vegetables. Carrots and caulifower
were cited as examples. Carrots" he
said. "have jumped from three cents a
pound to five cents"
The reporter also said that head Of
caulifower sufficient for two persons,
formerly obtainable for seven and a
half cents now costs from IL cents up.
We Americans are not at war yet, but
one of the units of a grocery chain in
washington has had carrots on the
counter for five cents pound and the
smallest head of caulinower had the
price Of Is cents marked on the stem.
1t would be q good thing If the powers
that be would find way to keep an eye
upon the prices in the local grocery
stores that are inching up with no
apparent justification.
REGULAR CONSUMER.
Evening star., 1941-03-27
Stund-Up Drinking

In discussions at the District Build
ing of the Commissioners recon-
mendation for repeal of the provision
of the local liquor law forbidding
standing-up drinking at bars, atten-
ton seems mainly to have centered
on such superficial considerations as
whether a customers approaching
intoxication can be more readily
detected by the jealous bartender
when the customer Is standing up or
sitting down.
AS a matter Of fact, that provision
of the law was inserted as another
safeguard against return of the
saloon. 1t was felt, and perhaps cor
rectly, that the stand-up bar would
mean the return of the old saloon,
for the emphasis would be placed
again on the liquor sold at the bars
instead of the food which was sup
posed to be the chief attraction of
bona fide restaurants licensed to
serve liquor. There is little doubt
that stand-up bars would soon be
accompanied by the old parapher-
MALTA Of brass footrail, free lunch
and sawdust-if not faces-on the
barroom floor.
Every wet, campaigning at the time
for repeal of prohibition, coupled
each argument with the pious state
ment that he would oppose, to the
last ditch, the return of the saloon.
1t was the unfailing guarantee, al
ways advanced, that temperance was
the true motive behind repeal.
Congress, if it is wise, will not grant
the recommendation of the Commits
sioners for the resumption of stand
up bars. The difference between
drinking standing up and drinking
sitting down is not very important.
But as this provision remains one of
the last veStigeS Of the once unani-
nous declaration against return Of
the saloon, it should be retained-as
a symbol, if for nothing else.
The powerful local liquor industry,
and a wet and compliant liquor
board have made Washington one
of the wettest cities in the coun-
try with the assistance of every
device known to man to encourage
and increase the consumption of
intoxicating liquors. The return of
the saloon will be the final step
toward repudiating all the pledges
that went with repeal of prohibition.
Evening star., 1941-03-27
Russo-Turkish Relations

Although seething Yugoslavia
continues to claim the spotlight Of
dramatic interest, Turkeys attitude
in the new situation developing in
the Balkans is intrinSically even
more important. Turkey is now the
last Balkan state with real freedom
of action. How Turkey acts will
have momentous consequences. Just
what she will do Is as yet undisclosed.
Her position is affected by complex
factors which oblige her leaders to
think coolly and move cautiously. 1t
was with this situation in mind, no
doubt, that the State Department
announced its satisfaction" over
Russia's pledge of friendship to
Turkey.
Turkeys government and people
feel themselves menaced by the axis
and are heartily in favor of their
alliance with Britain. The final de-
terminant of Turkish foreign policy,
however, is Russia. Hitherto, Mos
COW has maintained silence which,
in Turkish eyes, looked ominouS.
How could Turkey, even with British
aid, fight Germany if, at the height
of this life-and-death struggle, Rus
sian armies from the Caucasus
should strike the Turks from the
rear as they did in Poland?
That paralyzing uncertainty SEEM
ingly has been removed by the dip
lomatic exchange of views formally
issued three days ago by the Russian
and Turkish governments. In this
important document, Moscow spe-
cifically mentioned such rumors and
denied that they in any way CORE
sponded to it's intentions. Further
more, Moscow gave the textual
assurance that 'if Turkey be at
tackled and be obliged to enter the
war for the purposes of defending
her territory, she can rely upon the
complete neutrality and under
standing of the Soviet Union
The significance of this utteranCe
Is enhanced by it's timing, since it
was issued before Yugoslavia had
been dragooned into joining the axis,
rather than afterward, as was the
case with Rumania and Bulgaria.
Undoubtedly it reflects Russia S
growing displeasure at German
moves in the Balkans and desire to
block Hitler's eastward march. If
words mean anything, Turkey Is
assured that she can count on Rus
Evening star., 1941-03-27
SILVER SPRING, Md.

Dear Sir:
I'm your column of a recent date you
asked If any one had more than four
doves to let you know.
so I'm writing to tell you that I
have seven-and have wondered where
the odd one comes from; they come
every day, all seven of them at the same
time.
Il also wish to ask if you can identify
these birds for me. They came about a
week ago, three Of them, light brown
in color, larger than a robin, but not
as large as the blue jay, with patch of
brilliant red on their heads.
1 haven't heard them make a sound,
so can't tell you about their call. When
they come to eat, all the other birds fly
away at once. These three eat together
peacefully, they do not stay very long
at time
Il have four pairs of cardinals, three
pairs of bluebirds, to say nothing of
Juncos, nuthatches, chickadees, titmice
and sparrows. I have a song sparrow
and two pairs of downy woodpeckers.
Shall be glad II you can tell me what
these three brown birds are. They
certainly are pretty
Yours truly, P. T."
The brown bird is probably flicker
Identification is sure if it has a black
crescent on the throat.
The flicker is one of the finest birds
we have. 1t is classed as a permanent
resident, but that does not mean it
remains in every yard all winter long.
No doubt there are many of them that
migrate, and it is the return of these
that we see when they suddenly come
in some day.
1t is correct to think of this bird as
the yellow-shafted woodpecker, or the
golden-w winged woodpecker. The wings
and the shafts of the wing feathers
have yellow underneath.
Many persons regard this one as the
most interesting of all woodpeckers
In various parts of the country 1t has
been named yawker bird, clape, pigeon
woodpecker. walk-up, hairy wicket,
wake-up, wood pigeon. heigh-ho yellow
hammer, high-hole. high holder and
wick-up. Some of these names are
plainly limitations of other names. Some
Of them have to do with the birds
nesting habits.
Although our correspondent has not
heard it sing yet, the flicker has a
variety Of sounds and notes. 1t prefers
a nesting place near the top of dead
tree, hence the names high-hole and
high-holder, although high holer would
be more correct. The name heigh-ho
is perhaps a corruption OF these more
direct names.
Dear Sir:
"At o'clock this afternoon an over
sized, black-headed robin was pulling
up worms at the rate of two a minute
from the bare spots amid the snow
covering the lawn Just of the Ellipse
He was hungry-so hungry he was
not timid in the slightest in my presence
He was the lone robin in a flock Of
starlings-and my first robin of lS4l.
ITO Judge from the average date Of
Evening star., 1941-03-27
New Non-Tuxed Citizens

A few figures show the tangible
proportions of the problem created
by Congress and the courts in the
exemption from local income taxa
tion of a substantial part of the city's
population.
In 1888 about 10,778 persons out
of total of 33,919 employed in the
District under the appOrtioned
classified civil service, were listed as
being from the District of Columbia.
The remainder were from the States
and under the apportionment-of-
Offices law claimed residence (and
legal domicile) within the States.
Under the Districts curiouSly dis
criminatory income tax law and the
recent court decisions, about % ,141
of these 33,919 potential income tax
payers would be exempt.
In 1941 the number of apportioned
civil service employees in the District
had increased to 60,282, while those
claiming District residence had de-
creased to 1892 Of this new total
of 6O,282 potential income tax payers
$3.50 are exempt.
In June of last year there were
about $4,000 Federal employees in
the District. BY the end of the year
there were about 55000-an increase
of $4,000. Of this $4,000, about
10000 are under civil service, the re-
mainder holding non-civil service
positions. Of the civil service en-
ployes about go per cent, or $4,000,
have been brought into Washington
from the States and undoubtedly will
retain their legal domicileS within
the States. Of the 1000 non-civil
service workers added since June, the
percentage of State residents is even
higher, though no figures on the
subject are available. For the nom
civil service employees are chosen by
patronage, not through competitive
examination, and patronage jobs are
filled from the voting population of
the States.
The influx Of new Federal work.
ers to man defense jobs is placing an
additional strain on municipal serv-
Ices, which must be extended and
enlarged. Yet, of these new Federal
workers, more than 90 per cent will
escape local taxation because of legal
domicile in the States, and the greater
the number who come, the higher
will be the percentage of exemptions.
Evening star., 1941-03-27
Job Record

What do you do for living?"
This question appeared on an ap-
plication blank in the little town Of
Gilboa, Ohio, and was something of
Sticker to the applicant Devore.
Pen in hand, he paused in thought.
Should he mention being a con-
stable, and say nothing of being
school bus driver, or should he call
himself a church janitor and pass
up his trade of stock buyer? But
would it be fair to fail to record being
a custom butcher, a school janitor or
a buzz saw operator? And then, too,
what of his positions as election
board member and cider press
helper? Surely they should be given,
along with his appointment as fire.
man and his spare time occupation
of running threshing machines and
dehorning cattle. He ended up by
taking a day off and recording all his
Jobs.
Curiously enough, however, he
does not hold the worlds record for
multiplicity of jobs. He merely got
the publicity. The actual title, it is
believed, is held by some obscure
overworked woman, who uhcom-
plainingly (some tines acts as COM
panion, valet, housekeeper, chief
cook and bottle washer, dish wiper,
laundress, peacemaker, dietitian,
purchasing agent, dispenser Of soft
soap, dressmaker, milliner, seam
stress, cradle rocker, furnace tender,
charwoman and, when the children
Squabble, fight referee.
Evening star., 1941-03-27

Q. Who wrote The Jervis Bay Goes
Down"?-K. c. NJ.
A. This is the title of small book
by Gene Fowler which has recently been
published.
Q. Why are poets sometimes referred
to as swans?-E. B. M.
A. The word swan is applied to poets
in allusion to the neurological story Of
Apollos being changed into a swan.
Ben Jonson referred to Shakespeare as
the Swan of Avon; Vergil was known as
the Mantuan Swan, and Homer the
Swan Of Meander.
@. Please give some information about
the sons of the late King Alfonso XIII
of Spain.-C. N. B.
A. Don Alfonso, the eldest, renounced
his succession rights by marrying an
untitled Cuban and bled to death after
a Florida automobile accident in 1887.
Don Jaime, next in line, was born deaf
and was a mute for many years. He
renounced the throne because he felt
himself physically unfit to rule should
Spain once again become a monarchy.
The youngest son, Don Gonzalo, died
of hemophilia after an automobile acci-
dent in 1884. Don Juan, q years old,
is now the ex-king's heir. He married
the Bourbon princess, Maria Marcedes,
in 1885.
@. Has the population of California
increased in the past 10 years?-M. A.
A. The 1880 population of the State
was 5,677 ,251, and in 1910 it had increased
to eeo7,3s7.
Q. Please give a brief history of ice
cream.-E. K
A. Recipes for ice cream are said to
have been brought to Europe from Asia
by Marco Polo. The term lice cream
is of more recent origin, the terms for
merly used being cream ice" or butter
ice." Cream ice was first made in Paris
in 1774. According to one account, the
first cream ice was served the Due de
Chartres on hot August day of that
year by his chef, who depicted the dukes
coat of arms on the cream.
G. Did Mrs. Leslie Carter have a
son?-T. j. D.
A. The famous actress had a son. Dud-
ley Carter. by her first marriage. He
died in 1884
Evening star., 1941-03-27
Huskin's Answers
To Questions
By Frederic J. HdSkin.

A reader can get the anSUer to any
question OF fact by tOriting The Eue-
ming Star Information Bureau, Fred
eric J. HdSktn, director, Washington,
D. c. Please incloSe stamp for reply.
Q. Where did the United States Army
organize its first ski patrol?-S. T. j.
A. The first ski patrol was organized
as unit of the 41st Division at Camp
Murray, Washington.
Q. What do the initials H. R, H. J.
Res, and S. J. Res. stand for?-R. S. M.
A. H. R. stands for House Of Repre-
sentatives; S. for Senate H. J. Res.
means House Joint Resolution and S.
j. Res, Senate Joint Resolution.
O. Who invented eyeglasses?-M. L.
A. Eyeglasses are said to have been
invented by Roger Bacon in the 18th
century.
Q. How long has PENNSYLVANIA had
r. F. D. routes?-P. w.
A. The Post Office Department saws
that rural free delivery service was first
established in Pennsylvania on Novem-
ber "a, 1895.
q. When did LucreZia Bori last sing
at the Metropolitan Opera House-M.
G. r.
A. On March 29 1896. the famous
| singer appeared for the last time at the
Metropolitan. at a gala farewell concert
given by members of the company. She
was cheered for 20 minutes by the audi
ence and shoWered with gifts from every
one connected with the opera.
O. Where is the largest short wave
listening post in the United States-T. T.
A. 1t is located at Princeton, N. j.
@. When was the name Vatican City
given to the Papal State?-E. P. R.
A. The Papal State, extinct since 1870,
was recreated under the name of the
State Of Vatican City, under the terms
signed at Rome on February II, 1929.
They went into effect on May 7.
@. What generals head was carried
on Spear?-L. P. z.
A. General Charles G. CChinese) Cor
don, British Governor of the Soudan,
was slain on January 26, 1885, by
Mohammedan soldier who stuck his VIC
tins head on a spear.
Evening star., 1941-03-27
Prefers Another Peril
Than That of Blackout.
To the Editor of The Star;

I observe with some concern for the
citizens of Washington that a member
of Congress has proposed blackout If
the citizens of Washington are robbed
in broad daylight, and those who go out
at night to post letter are never quite
sure of getting back home again,
should not like to make a prediction
as what would happen during the pro-
posed artificial midnight. I prefer to
be bombed. LOUIS F. DILGER.
Hyattsville, Md.
Evening star., 1941-03-27

Representative Randolph declares
that the position of strikers in de-
tense industries is "indefensible, i"
and that members of Congress must
see to it that such strikes must stop,
and stop now. The gentleman from
West Virginia seems to have a very
good idea Of the duties of statesman.
Evening star., 1941-03-27

In these days, what with improve
ments in the transmission and am
plification of war news, the average
news reader has time of it un-
scrambling tonight's news from this
afternoons from this mornings from
last nights from yesterdays.