davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1941-04-22
Churchill Says Nazis
May Have Occupied
Samothrake Island
Tells Commons He Must
Remain Silent Now
On Greek Situation
BY the Associated Press.

LONDON, April 22-Prime Min
lister Churchill told the House of
Commons today he thought it mot
unlikely" that the Germans had
occupied Samothrake Island, near
the Turkish-controlled Dardanelles,
gateway to the Black Sea.
Samothrake is Greek island lying
about so miles northwest of the Dar-
danelles.
The island. which figured fire.
quently in ancient history, is 1872
miles long and 81a miles wide, with
a total area of 68 square miles and a
population Of about 1000.
Mr.. Churchill informed the House
that he must remain silent for the
present about Britains dangerous
military position in Greece.
Many Kinds of Operations.
Operations of many kinds are
going on and we have others to
think of besides ourselves" Mr..
Churchill said.
He declared British operations in
Greece have been of the most
complicated character and carried
out with extraordinary skill, but
even the government have not re-
ceived from day to day full informa-
ton from the commanders engaged" !"
THAT has not been any hindrance
to the course of the operation" he
added.
Asking for "forbearance" as "on
so many difficult and anxious occa-
sions" in the past, he promised that
"once the situation reaches a mo-
mentary or temporary arrest a full
statement" would be made.
Mr.. Churchill asserted the govern
ment was very accurately informed
about what is going on in Libya, but
that Il do not think that any state
ment on Libya would be appropriate
at the present time"
A member who shouted Greece is
much more important" was drowned
(See CHURCHILL, Page AID
Evening star., 1941-04-22
37-Ton Nazi Monsters
Crushed a Whole
British Tank Brigade
Fleet Is Driven Into
Greek DefiIes Thought
To Be impossible
BY DANIEL DE LUCE.
Press War CORRESPONDENT.

IZMIR, Turkey. April 22.-When
this correspondent left Greece three
days ago British forces were moving
southwark in a second Dunkerque.
This comparative handful of men
between $4,000 and 10000 gathered
from the United Kingdom, New
Zealand and Australia-was falling
back slowly toward the southernmost
embarkation point, fighting every
inch of the way.
Outnumbered and outgunned by
Adolf Hitler's legions, these troops
were covered by Greek infantrymen
who have little or no chance to
escape the Nazi juggernaut.
A fleet of 37-ton German tanks
numbering through the mountain
defles, previously believed impas-.
sable to such heavy vehicles,
charged light British tanks and
crushed them like egg shells.
In short order, an entire armored
brigade was knocked out.
Put Up Hard Fight.
But even in the face of what
looked like certain defeat, the Greeks
and their imperial allies were fight
ing-and fighting hard.
There was the feat that saved the
Allied forces on tabled, snow-swept
Mount Olympus:
German tanks tanning out over
the plains of Thessaly appeared to
have made their escape hopeless, but
the British and Greeks poured their
last rounds Of ammunition into the
advancing steel monsters and then
made a successful run for it.
Even before the Nazl Balkan cam
paign was three days old the allies
faced disaster as result of the
Nazi thrust southwark through the
vital Bitolj Gap in Yugoslavia, ex-
posing the Greek flank.
Only a long rear-guard action,
military men say, can make possible
(See 37-TON TANKS, Page A-3)
Evening star., 1941-04-22
Justice Clerk Found
Seriously Wounded

Carmen A. Chirillo, 90, a clerk
in the Alien Registration Unit of
the Department of Justice, was
found lying on the floor of his room
at 1922 Nichols avenue Sc. this
morning with a .22-caliber bullet
wound in his head police reported.
He was taken 10 Casualty Hospital,
where his condition was said to be
serious.
Edward j. Boyle. %. of Johnstown
Pa, who said he was a friend of Mr.
Chirillo, discovered the victim and
a revolver lying nearby, according to
police, who began an investigation.
Evening star., 1941-04-22
Fulls Under Train, Escapes

SCRANTON, Pa, April % (P).-
Arthur Snyder considers himself the
luckiest man in the world. Falling
under a moving train, the Elmira
IN. " freight conductor gave a
quick jerk and freed himself except
for heel of his shoe, which was
ground to pieces.
Evening star., 1941-04-22
Southern Coal
Men TO Return
To Wage Farley
Group Going to
New York Today;
North Excluded
BACKGROUND

BACKGROUND
With Appalachian soft coal
mines closed since April /, steel
mills and other defense plants
haze been forced to SIolU produce
ton. Northern Appalachian OPP
orators and United Mine Work
erS reached agreement on mem
1Udqe scale SeUerdl days ago, but
union leadership Uoted against
returning to 1Uork until Southern
operators tCere brought into netO
lUage agreement. Southern oper-
dtorS bolted 1Udge conference last
lUeek rather than agree to elir1i-
nation OF North-South dtferen-
tidlS.
Evening star., 1941-04-22

signment in Norway on April 81,
1940-almost a year to the day be-
fore Col. Brower's death.
The cable from Minister Kirk
stated:
1T is with profound regret that
I inform the department that word
has just been received that Col
Gerald Brewer. United States mill
tary observer, R. A. F., Middle East
was killed April 20 at Ell Obeid $50
miles southwest of Khartoum. De-
tails will be furnished to the War
(See BROWER. Page A-51
Evening star., 1941-04-22
Central Asiutic Area
Hit by Earthquake
By tft Associated Press.

By Et ASSOCIated PresS,
MOSCOW, April 22-An earth
quake centered in the Pamir Noun
tains was reported today to have
caused deaths and damage Sunday
in that middle Asiatic 'rooftop of
the world"
Dispatches from Stalinbad, Task
kent and Samarkand said the shocks
were felt throughout Sunday night.
A government committee was
formed to speed relief to the vic
tins and reconstruct hard-hit vii
lagos.
Evening star., 1941-04-22
Hitler and Ciuno Confer
On YugosIovio's Fate
By the Associated Press.

6y lDe ASSOClaIeQ FreSS.
BERLIN, April 22.-It was Off
cially announced today that Count
GaleaZzo Ciano, Italy's Foreign
Minister, has visited Reichsfuehrer
Adolf Hitler, had conversations with
German Foreign Minister Joachim
Won Ribbentrop and departed again
for Italy.
1t was understood Yugoslavia's
fate was one item of discussion.
Authorized sources emphasized
that the talks were preliminary and
informal and said naturally many
discussions must follow.
Evening star., 1941-04-22
1S Killed and l8 Injured
In Spanish Mine BIust
s> the ASsociated Press,

b. the Associated Press.
PALENCIA, Spain, April a.
Eighteen dead and 18 injured were
taken today from the shaft of the
Rarruelo coal mine following an ex-
plosion last night. a
Evening star., 1941-04-22
Summary of Todoy's Star

Foreign.
Col Brewer, U. S. observer, killed
with r. A F. in Africa. Page Al
Heavy units of British fleet pound
Libyan port of Tripoli. Page Al
Plymouth is strafed for hours by
German raiders. Page Az
National.
Southern coal operators agree to
new wage talks. Page Al
Senators hear Marshall prior to
probe of camp costs. Page Al
Army reveals data on civilian air.
raid shelters. Page AZ
Forest fires sweep 100000 acres in
13 States. Page AS
Boosts for all taxpayers provided in
Treasury program. Page A-3
Red Gross to seek SO per cent Roll
Call increase. Page A-4
Washington and Vicinity.
Hearings slated next week on Hunt
er's recreation bill. Page Az
New airport terminal building space
all rented. Page Az
Evening star., 1941-04-22
Weather Forecast

Fair. continued cool; lowest about A
tonight; tomorrow increasing cloudi-
ness; rising temperature. Tempera-
lures today-Highest, 60, at 2 pm;
lowest, as, at am
From the United States Weather Bureau report.
Full Details on Page Az
Evening star., 1941-04-22

NATIOhAL-FORelGN
Associated Press and up Wirephotos. North
American Newspaper Alliance. Chicago
Daily News Foreign Service and The Stars
Staff Writers. Reporters and Photographers.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1941-08-23

the ALCoA expansion sn6 smother
stin under negotiation Souia hrinx
thlz countrNs siaminam nrpdus=
ton q so 90 go pounds a.
nuzliv mofe thsn IT, combined
output - th~ r-sf - re World
lie said the nrC weald PIT -
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1941-08-23

. halld md operate = h=axals -
firsrv snd = snnsltsr IN Arksnsas
snd Smsifsrs II Masssna y y
md Portland. ore the announce
rnenf ssla.
a Washington Federal Lean
.Admlnisfratof Jesse jones $40
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1941-08-23

80 ~ pounds = Yssr n nreaur-
tn ~ aunIna re Material
1rnrn shtHa alaminusn = derived
OFa Director William : kaud-
~ recommended - Undsrssers
iary - Va Robert =. Patterson
fhat : plsnt - ennstrietsa " A..
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1941-08-23

ssnsss - profaee 90 30 noa
pounds - alumira annualis ard
nat snashsr previously fNsnua-
iseadsd ~ Construction tnsTF -
expanded fruna eco 80 - - go >
90 60 feurds = ysar
Il ca. si~s rseemm~ndss mat
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1941-08-23

aluminium and IL pans - build
four government financed plants
n increase production.
ALCOA has signed = contract
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1941-08-23

mare thar 80 30 80 ~ enn-
slructien snd operation ~ fhs
plsnts
AAsit>aro> re efhes ~
rFcdueften management FRIDAY
Recommended a. increase af so b
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1941-08-23
Inqoi Aluminium Prices Are Cut
PusRt RICH

PITTSBURGH re Aluminium
Company # America announced
simultaneously Friday a 2-eents-a-
pound price reduction or inxot
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1941-08-23

siumlns - extracted fran .fnnit~
- = <=Hsil srais= ~ 100 Enr< =
ore p~r aav - usrY=ssie Ufzh.
~ KsiaHitr. ne. szlt I.sk= Cts.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1941-08-23

xoa kzip yourself when ysa by
n = f~s~r<< s~Ha<i
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1941-08-23
NAVY SERGE SCHOOL SKIRTS

Pun plsalsd. sii'woal ssrgs SKIRTS wtth
cotton buttonson ba1irs tnps Quality ard
tailoring That are smart yslass Al this
low pries. Regulation style. sis~s b.iA
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1941-08-23

STAR the sehnoi year ~ith several a
these gay young dresses vat-dysd enlnfi
that love tho tub rislds. solld shades sni
original pfints Hscss and rasss Of s'ylss
sisss ala.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1941-08-23
WHITE BRoADCLorH MIDDIEs

Regulation sshnol mlaaiss ~ sle~slf ss
en- quality bfesdclaib, All rhiis 9Th
tab ard stitching trim on paskst ard e
lar. save At psansys oa ssnool aniforn
Ali sises
Evening star., 1941-09-17
Sufety Decline

Greater individual effort on the
part of motorists and pedestrians to
reduce the number of accidents on
Washington's streets appears the
only means of combating the city's
major source of tragedy. So far this
year ffty-nine persons, most of them
pedestrians, have been killed. But
the death toll, with all its horror, is
only a small part of the picture. In
August alone five died, but 383 were
injured seriously enough to require
medical attention. Most of those in
iured were motorists, while 80 per
cent of those killed were pedestrians,
a ratio which has applied locally and
nationally for many years.
1t is to the point, therefore, to call
attention to the fact that in August
fifty-four pedestrians were arrested
for violating regulations designed to
protect them, while sixteen motor
lists were charged with failing to give
right of way to those on foot. Many
demands are made on Washington's
police force and new orders aIe being
Evening star., 1941-09-17
CHEVY CHASE, Md.

Dear Sir:
"You identified our towhee for us last
winter. Now I am puzzled over a new
conner to the garden. There seem to be
great numbers of them for the past
week, and the nearest thing to de-
scription in our bird book Is that OF the
American pipit or titlark. The descrlp-
ton does not fit exactly as this bird is
certainly larger than any sparrow know
of. The sketch will give you general
idea of the contour of the bird, which
does resemble the robin in color but
rot in shape or manner. They are about
the size of a small startling and some
have a more rosy orange color than
others, but all have spotted breasts. They
are very timid and spend their time
digging worms from the spots in the
lawn where the crab grass has been
removed.
Il noticed several articles lately about
the praying mantis which remind me
of the sight which greeted me in the
garden the other morning. A brown
thrasher and a mantis were having q
battle, with about half dozen sparrows
as interested spectators. The mantis
was Tapping its wings at furious pace
and making dives at the thrasher, then
the thrasher would walk around it
looking for good opening, and finding
none, make peck at 1t anyway. don't
not moved nearer to effect a rescue for
the game mantis who was so outweighed
and outnumbered.
VERY truly yours, M. D. A."
On reading the above, We thought our
correspondents bird was a young robin
which had not yet lost its spots.
But, rereading the letter, we saw that
there were great numbers of the birds,
so dismissed the robin theory.
Robins often have a late brood, and
sometimes the young robins look rather
strange, especially in the fall.
The pipit, or American pipit, as 1t is
sometimes called, is regarded as a rather
rare and irregular migrant hereabouts.
In the fall it is usually seen after Oc-
tober l.
We wonder that any one in Chevy
Chase would have large numbers" of
this bird. They run in f1ocks of so or
more usually.
Walter Bradford Barrows, in Mich
igan Bird Life" has this to say of the
pipit:
The American pipit confines itself to
open country entirely, showing a marked
preference for wet fields and bogs. es-
pecially such as are frequented by Will
sons snipe. In autumn, it is often seen,
however, on comparatively dry plowed
ground as well as in upland pastures
and stubble fields
Usually it occurs in scattered fiocks
from a dozen to so individuals. being
distributed over space Of a dozen acres,
and when one is started several take
flight, but even when so are on the wing
they never collect into a solid flock but
fly in extended order.
When feeding, the birds run about
rapidly on the ground, very much like
Evening star., 1941-09-17

which previous to this conflict was the
practice of nations, are repugnant TO
the American spirit, and If any were to
be concluded, or if an uncertainty pre-
vailed in respect of them, the sympathy
of the Nation for those we are assisting
in the belief that no such arrangements
exist or are projected would be en-
feebled
Americans desire that their contribu-
ton to the defeat of Germany may not
result in an injustice to any independent
nation; and intending that universal
betterment may be fruit of our action,
they particularly do not want the po-
litical gives of any dependent people to
be frightened.
SupplementiDg the assurances con-
cerning Persia, Russia, which is reputed
to want Sinkiang or Chinese Turkestan,
and England, which conceived an inter-
est in Tibet generations ago, could with
salutary response assert formally that
those lands will not be molested. Con-
trary to common belief, they were not
acquired by Chinese aggression. They
were annexed to China by conQuerors of
China, who finally, by assimilation, the
Chinese conquered.
That the suggestion Is not unreason-
able is demonstrated by the reversal of
opinion, particularly in respect of Rus
sia, during this war. The Russian gov
ernment near the time OF the amend
ment of our neutrality law, declared
that the repeal of the arms embargo
would intensity, aggravate and protract
the war in Europe" and that our moral
support to Finland was irreconcilable
with neutrality. It denied that Eng
land was fighting for the rights of man,
denounced the British for "unremitting
oppression in India" and, finally, as
serted that formidable Germany lis an
indispensable condition for a durable
peace" of the continent.
Amazing and glorious as is Russia's
resistance to the lawless German attack,
the Soviets ultimately would be oblit-
Grated from the Arctic Ocean to the
Caspian sea, for the duration of the war
at least, except for the vision of the
President Of the United States. The pro-
posed disclaimer by Russia and England
would incline the isolationists. if not to
an immediate abandonment of their DO
sition, to unprejudicing quietness.
EDWARD CONN.
Evening star., 1941-09-17

Science, the Carnegie Endowment for
International Peace, the Institute for
Advanced Study, the Brookings In
stitution and Washington Cathedral
received his active help. He gave not
merely his means but also himself
his time, his strength, his construc-
tive spirit-to the great causes Of
education and religion.
The Nation to whose high purposes
he was devoted is justified in being
proud of such a life as that which
Mr.. Houghton lived. 1t is fact
worth mentioning that America Is
rich in citizens competent to appre-
ciate and to seek to emulate his
example.
Evening star., 1941-09-17
THIS AND THAT
BIZ Charles Z. TrdcetDeH.

sandpipers, and tilt and firt the tail
much like the water thrushes and some
shore birds.
when flushed they rise very quickly
to a considerable height, mounting by
great leaps with their powerful wings
and constantly uttering their sharp
double -syllabled call which gives the bird
its name of 'pipit.'
I'VE do not recall ever seeing one alight
on bush or tree, and they seldom make
use of wire or fence post.
THE food appears to consist mainly Of
worms, insects and such other animal
food as can be found in damp places.
freely mixed with seeds of various kinds.
1.-The bird certainly does no harm and
presumably does much good to the agri-
culturist, but its stay is so short and its
numbers in any one locality so small that
1t probably is not an economic factor Of
any great importance"
SEkH
Our correspondents sketch shows a
rather longish bird dark brownish gray
above, dark on the head, with a very
dark spot under the chin, as 1t were, and
buff on the breast, shading to rosy orange
like robin" with spotted breast.
The pipit, or American pipit, has many
common names, including American tit
lark, prairie titlark, Hudsonian wagtail,
brown lark and red lark.
The bird Is about 611 inches long. It's
upper parts are grayish-olive; the under
parts pinkish buff.
The pipit has dark on top of the head,
but no dark spot under the bill, as our
correspondents sketch shows.
This bird has two color phases the
spring and the autumn In the latter
the upper parts are darker.
Now is the time of year to keep q
watch out for migrant birds.
Many of them will be dropping down as
they go through.
The little Maryland yellow-throat Is
one Of them.
1t usually is seen in shrubbery. There
It flies around, its black and yellow
coloring setting it off nicely from the
still green leaves.
The yellow throat likes to bathe, and
often may be seen coming down to a
bird bath, particularly if the bowl is
in corner near dense shrubbery.
The Maryland yellow-throat is often
called the northern yellow-throat. 1t
has many common names, including
olive-colored yellow-throated wren, yel-
low-throat, western yellow-throat, north
ern Maryland yellow-throat, ground
warbler and blackmasked ground
warbler.
This is the bird which is supposed
to say "witchery, witchery witchery,
witchery'
1t is less than five inches long.
just why 1t is called the ground war
bier. in some sections. We do not know
for 1t is practically never seen except in
shrubbery.
1t has become the custom IN recent
years to discard the older name of
Maryland yellow throat and call the bird
the Northern yellow throat, but persons
living in the Free State no doubt will
stick to the old name.
Evening star., 1941-09-17
AIunson B. Houqhton

Those who were privileged to enjoy
the friendship of Alanson B. Hough-
ton will remember INN always as one
of the gentleSt and kindliest of men.
His diff1dence, the measured manner
OF his speaking, the chivalrous
thoughtfulneSs with which he dealt
with all classes of people-those were
the qualities which distinguished him
among his contemporaries If ever
he was disturbed to the point of en-
ergetic resistance, the circumstance
was concealed from public notice.
His bearing was placidity itself. He
was, in fine, philosopher whom the
aggravations of the world could not
touch.
Given such a character, Mr..
Houghton's success as a diplomatist
is easy to understand. AS Ambassador
to Germany from 1922 to 1925 he
earned the appreciation of the whole
corps in Berlin. His post was in
credibly difficult, but he met its
exactions without the slightest COM
plant. A like observation may be
suggested with regard to his services
IN Great Britain. He was named to
the Court of st. James at moment
when the United States needed a
Minister of particular genius for
tactful negotiation. To say that he
justified the confidence of his coun-
try to the fullest extent is but to
speak the minimum of truth. The
four years-1925 to 1s29-of his term
In London were fruitful of noteworthy
achievement.
Mr.. Houghton, returning home at
sixty-f1ve, was at the apex OF his
intellectual powers, and it was his
choice to devote himself to idealistic
labors. The National Industrial Con-
ference. the Academy Of Political
Evening star., 1941-09-17
Rhus Toxicodendron

The war is mainly one of mechani-
zation, but there are still opportuni-
ties for individual initiative and
strategy. Even when faced with such
colossi as fifty-ton tanks and dive
bombers, the bright and well-in-
formed soldier has a better chance
than the bonehead.
During maneuvers in Pennsylvania,
for instance, soldier was ordered
to defend field with a luxuriant
crop in it. Don't let the enemy take
these soybeans," he was told. "They
are valuable" Faithfully and bravely
he kept watch, one eye on the beans
and the other open for the enemy.
Soon they came, in great force. They
killed the defender, officially, and
told him to hurry back to the morgue.
Sadly and wearily the corpse
started for his final resting place,
not to be aroused until the trumpet
sounded the magic strains OF mess
call. He hoped the war would not be
lost by enemy occupation of the
beans. Soon an intolerable itching
arose, such as had plagued no corpse
before. Disregarding the umpire's
orders, he by-passed the morgue and
instead went to a hospital. There he
was treated for the natural conse-
quences that might be expected from
having bravely, if stupidity, defended
a field, not of soybeans, but Of
poison ivy.
Evening star., 1941-09-17
Disinteqrution

The thorn bush and the bridr
Forever lie in Udit,
With tUire grass and nettle,
To cover Whdt men hate.
The jungle and the tangle
Are patient in their march
To hide the crumpled doorway,
To clothe the broken arch.
The briar and the brdmble
Spring up among the slain
And couer fields OF battle
Where unguished men haze latn.
The thorn bush and the Jungle
Build up their oton estate
With ,otre grass and nettle.
Take oUer phut men hate.
HELEN ROWLAND PRONAfKL.
Evening star., 1941-09-17
Wants Abolition
OF Walk Lights.
To the Editor of The Star:

To the Editor of The Star:
The writer Is interested in the we'll
being Of our citizens in the Capital of the
United States Gas every one should be-.
I notice that the officers of the Ameri-
can Automobile Association have taken
a stand against the walk and don't
walk" street lights, and am heartily
in favor of their protest.
Let us give Washington an up-to-date
system, one that will be model for the
rest of the country. Speed up the serv-
ice. Green, yellow and red lights are all
that are needed and not any walk lights
lue the pedestrians. FELIX A. URY.
Evening star., 1941-09-17
Expresses Appreciation A
OF Convention Reporting.
To the Editor of The Star,

To the Editor Of The Star:
At meeting last night of the Board
of Representatives of Local No. 2 of the
National Federation of Federal Employees,
the officers Of the local were directed to
convey the thanks Of the membership Of
the local to The Star. First for the ex-
cellent coverage by Joseph A Fox of the
Atlantic City convention Of the National
Federation of Federal Employees, held
during the week Of September l. 1t was
appreciated both as to content and fair
ness in reporting. And second, the local
desires to express its appreciation to The
Star for sending a representative to the
convention for that purpose.
HENRY G. NOLDA. President.