davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1941-04-10
Germans in Spain

William Parker, writing for the
North American Newspaper Alliance,
reports German colonization" OF
Spain. No less than one hundred and
eighty thousand strangers" from
the Reich, he says, have arrived in
Barcelona and Madrid since the end
of the civil war in 1899. Whether or
not all of the immigrants intend to
remain in Iberia when Europe once
more has peace, of course, is prob
lematical Some of them probably
are refugees of one sort or another;
some merely are visitors who doubt
less have no intention of staying
after the business which brought
them southwest has been completed.
But it would be mistake to neg
lect the fact of German expansion
in Spanish territory. At least few
of the Nazis whose presence in the
streets and hotel lobbies of the pen
insula cities Mr. Parker has observed
certainly are in Spain on the errandS
of their master. Their missions are
political in character. In the years
1914 to 1918 similar travellers ap-
peared in the same places to like
purpose. That they were measur-
ably successful was the testimony OF
those who ought to have been quail
fed to judge.
Such transients, however, are rela-
lively inconSequential in their dur
able effect upon the communities in
which they operate. Far more sig
nihcant would 1t be if any large
number of Germans came to Spain
to make their homes there. The
country now controlled by General
Franco includes something less than
two hundred thousand square miles
of high mountains, deep valleys, dry
plateaus. In theory about ninety
per cent of the total area is produc-
tive, yet less than half of the avail
able ground is cultivated. The fruits,
wines and vegetable oils of the Medi-
terranean sector are famous, but
they represent narrow strip of
intensively exploited soil. A popula-
ton in excess of twenty-six millions
is dependent upon natural resources
which, under prevailing conditions,
simply are not adequate. Harry A.
F'ranck, in his -Four Months Afoot
in Spain," published in 1911, tells of
meeting a local policeman who gave
him to understand: I'm three months
I go to make cigars in your Tampa,
in la Florida. Spain can no longer
feed her children" If that were true
more than quarter century prior to
the present troubled hour, how much
more impressive is the stark reality
today?
The Germans, it may be conceded,
might help in the correction of some
of the agrarian and industrial diff
culties which afflict the Spanish peo-
pie. But such suggestion raises an
inevitable question about the price
sure to be demanded for the assist
ance rendered. If given a choice,
General Franco and his countrymen
might prefer to struggle along i'm
aided by friends so troublesome and
expensive as Hitler's agents have
proven to be in other fields to which
they have devoted their unlimited
attention.
Evening star., 1941-04-10
Thinks British Refugees
Should be Patient.

To the Editor of The Star:
In view of the amazing alacrity with
which America has responded to Great
Britain's demands, 1t seems a bit out
of order to find British refugees making
appearances before American debating
forums.
These open discussions on the radio
are for the purpose of providing the
American people with an opportunity in
which to express their views of various
contemplated governmental policies Cit
izens of other countries obviously have
no place in such meetings. Yet every
broadcast invariably reveals an English
voice tartly participating in discussion
of American affairs.
Recently in debate on the question
of conveys, an English woman troubled
herself to question the American courage
by asking a United States Senator If
this country was afraid to risk conveys.
History, needless to mention, refutes
this aspersion, but under the circum-
stances the irlgratitude of the remark
strikes with the sharpness of a blow.
8. MILLER
Evening star., 1941-04-10
Washington Cathedral

Within this shrine mems hands hare
buiIded here,
White crucitorn1 of faith, year after
year,
Great up1Uard thrust of Gothic arch
and spires,
Windows soft SplendorS lit NTH
sunset fires,
Pilgrims ,Uith listening faces, lifted,
blent,
Drink the huShed beauty OF this
sacrament.
Trembling to arch and naue, the
organs throat,
Fills the UaSt choir uith triumphuI
note,
StDells into song, then falls thread
Of prayer,
White yearntng hands, ndil-pierced,
are lifted there.
MasstUe foundations stand, eternal
roots,
Symbols of human hopes tDhich send
forth shoots
As springs first bud escapes from
lDfnter'S hour,
Opening chaSte petals into glorious
foUer.
Treasures are here, rare nItdrS
sacred art,
Chapel and carUen tomb, men set
apart,
Foreuer deathleSS Dhile their fame
ltUeS on:
Men build, that centuries may see
The DdtDr
IVY LINDSIEy.
Evening star., 1941-04-10
'CooIino-Off Period

The testimony given by Secretary
of Labor Perkins and William S.
Knudsen, o. P. M. director, before
the House Military Affairs Committee
was marked by a considerable field
of agreement.
Both witnesses opposed legislation
to outlaw strikes, both condemned
jurisdictional WalkoutS, and they
agreed that Communist influences
are not important in the disputes
now holding up the defense program.
Also, the two we're in substantial
agreement as to the deSirability of
authorizing the Government, as a
last resort, to take over struck plants,
although Miss Perkins seemed less
favorably disposed toward this rem
edy than was Mr. KnudSen.
The two witnesses were in dis
agreement, however, on one i'm
portant proposal-that legislation be
enacted to require observance OF a
"cooling-off" period before defense
strike could be started. Mr.. Knudsen
advocated that this be done if neces-
sary, while Miss Perkins, although
indicating she would favor voluntary
agreements to this effect, took the
position that it would not be "prac-
tical" to require a thirty or forty
day postponement Of strikes by law.
1t is worthy of note, however, that
the view expressed by Miss Perkins
runs counter to experience in the
railroad industry, where the cooling
off" period has been required for
years, and where it has proved highly
practical. This device is in no sense
destructive of the rights OF labor,
since 1t only defers and does not
abridge the ultimate right to strike,
and 1t has the great advantage of
opening a dispute to mediation be-
fore rather than after strike has
begun. It Is remedy which ought
Evening star., 1941-04-10
Delivering the Goods

PRESIDENT Roosevelt y dlll4oullNC-
ment that ten Coast Guard cutters
have been released to the British,
presumably for convoy duty in the
Atlantic, follows closely the warning
to the American people by Chairman
Emory S. Land of the Maritime Com
mission that they must decide soon
whether it is not more important to
put out the submarine fire" now
menacing British shipping than to
concentrate on feeding it with fuel"
The Nazi fire" Admiral Land point
ed out, is destroying Britain's cargo
vessels at a rate close to 100000 tons
a wear, which is faster than the exist
ing shipbuilding resources of Amerlcs
and England combined can provide
requirements.
If the bridge of ships" across the
ocean to England and her allies is
consumed faster than it can be re-
. established, Americas aid-to-Brltaln
program will be a hollow gesture. The
undertaking does not become eftec-
tive until the goods are delivered. 1t
is with this picture in mind that the
administration is shaping its policy
under the aid program. This policy
calls not only for replacement Of lost
ships as rapidly as possible but ma
terial assistance to the BRUSH IN
protecting her vital supply lines. The
release last year of fifty over-age
destroyers was the first major step IN
the protection program, and the de-
cision to turn over the Coast Guard
cutters is another important move.
The President, meanwhile, is giving
attention to the problem of mer-
chant ship requirements. Negotla-
tionS for the acquisition of thirty
nine Danish vessels in American
ports have met with Danish op-
position, but it is expected that
sabotaged axis ships seized in our
waters last week end will be ac-
uuired in forfeiture actions.
There are two possible approaches
to the convoy question. This Gov
eminent may release more of our
armed ships to Britain, to be manned
by British crews and operated under
the British flag, or we could send our
own destroyers and cruisers to patrol
the ship lanes, with American crews
and under the American flag. That
the administration intends for the
present to adhere to the first plan is
indicated by the decision to release
the cutters to the British Navy.
The administration probably will use
the more dangerous all-out convoy
scheme only if the compromise plan,
after full trial, proves inadequate.
AS Prime Minister Churchill said
yesterday, 1T will indeed be diSaS
trous if the great masses of weapons,
munitions and instruments Of war of
all kinds made with the toll and skill
of the United States and loaned to
us under the aid-to-Britain bill were
to sink into the depths of the ocean
and never reach the hard-preSsed
fighting line" Mr.. Churchill is right.
America cannot afford to fail to de-
liver the goods which she has prom
ISed the democraCieS and which they
so urgently need at this critical hour.
Evening star., 1941-04-10
THIS AND THAT
By Charles E. Trdce1UeH.

but they ate good meal of sumac seeds
and berries of the Virginia creeper. They
cleaned all the marrow out of bones hung
in the trees for friend Downy, the
chickadeeS and nuthatches.
AFTER much drinking of water many
passed on but more than the usual num-
Der are still here.
The robins have evidently enjoyed
fine winter for their breasts are deep
red and their wings and back are so
highly polished that some look steel
gray in bright sunlight. Earth and
grub worms are still scarce and probably
will be until a warm spring rain falls,
hut they scratch in the woods and find
insects and dogwood berries that stay
beautifully red and juicy all winter,
under a protective covering of leaves.
Cardinals, titmice, chickadees and
bluebirds are plentiful. Occasionally we
see f1ickers and the red-headed wood
pecker. We also have several nut
matches and three pair of friendly purple
finches. lone towhee stayed here all
winter. We have a mockingbird that
likes and receives a small piece of butter
each day. A hairy woodpecker near
" drove us frantic drumming for
a mate on our tin roof. Thank good
ness he has found one and has removed
his place of lovemaking from our roof
to big Scared spot on nearby hickory
tree. Juncos and white-throat spar
rows have been too numerous to count
and we have far too many blue jays.
Recently, the fox, tree, chipping and
song sparrowS returned and a tiny gray
fellow that we have not identified yet
He is streaked all over in straight dotted
lines, tame and saucy as a wren, but
a seed eater.
"A pair of song sparrows are building
a nest in a hemlock right beside the
stone chimney of our house. My af
lection for the song sparrow dates back
to my childhood, several years of which
were spent in convent.
"I remember a warm spring day when
the window of our classroom was open
and sweet bird song f1oated in. The
gentle sister teaching us how to sew
raised her hand and whispered, Hush,
children
Silently she left the room and re-
turned with two books From one she
read to us a beautiful story written by
Thoreau From the other she read and
later made US commit to memory a
descriptive poem by Henry Van Dyke:
He does not wear a Josephs coat
of many colors, smart and gay,
His suit is Quaker brown and gray,
with darker patches at his throat.
And yet of all the we'll dressed throng,
not one can sing so brave song,
1t makes the pride of looks appear
a vain and foolish thing to hear
His sweet, sweet. sweet, very merry
cheer"
A lofty place he does not love, he
sits by choice and well at ease,
In hedges and in little trees, that
stretch their slender arms above
The meadow brook, and then he sings
till all the field with pleasure rings,
And so he tells in every ear, that
lowly homes to heaven are near
In sweet. sweet, sweet, very merry
cheer"
Sincerely, B. J. R."
Evening star., 1941-04-10

supply American industry with glyc-
erin, recently she has purchased
substantial quantities of this COM
modify in the United States. In
January and February, furthermore,
Japan imported from this country
more than 100000 pounds of lard.
Japans annual consumption of lard
is only about 100000 pounds.
The fats and oils placed under ex-
port control have many national de-
fense uses. Coconut oil is a principal
source of glycerin, from which are
manufactured nitroglycerin, black
powder and other explosives. Palm
oil is indispensable in the manufac-
ture of wooden textiles used in max
ing uniforms. Sulphur olive oil is
used in the degumming of silk for
parachutes, and lard is rated the
greatest producer of energy in the
diet of the average war worker.
With the placing of fats and oils
under export control, the effective
ness of the British blockade should
be correspondingly increased. In
view of the large shipments of copra,
coconut oil and other commodities
from the Philippines to Japan and
Russia, it is essential that the Com
monwealth government complement
the action of the Washington admin
istration by similar measures aimed
to prevent these materials from
reaching Germany through Siberia.
Negotiations are now under way to
secure a cooperative arrangement
with the Philippine government, and
it is to be hoped that these will soon
result in the control of exports of
fats and oils from the Philippines.
Evening star., 1941-04-10

@. Please give the origin of Patriots
Day.-M. OD.
A. Patriots Day, the anniversary of
the double battle of Concord and Lex
ington, April 10, ITS, was first observed
in 1894. In that year a bill was passed
in Massachusetts TO abolish Fast Day
and to make April 10 legal holiday.
@. How large will the United States
Army be by July?-E. G.
A. The total number in the Army by
July l, 1941, will be 1,416,00O. There will
be from 100000 to 100000 Regulars, ap-
proximately 10000 members of the Ma
tional Guard, and about 6400 Selective
Service trainees. These figures may
vary.
@. Please describe flying ambulance.
"A. F. R.
A. A flying ambulance is a twin
motor amphibian airplane built for res
cue work and distinguished by the Red
Cross insignia. Each plane is equipped
with four Stretchers, blood TRANSMISSION
machine, other medical supplies and a
two-Way radio.
@. Are individual vegetable dishes cor
rect?-R. T. M.
A. Individual dishes for vegetables.
sometimes used in restaurants, are never
correct in a private house.
Q. When was compulsory military
training established in Germany and
Italy?-G. P. F.
A. The law of 1918 established COM
pulsory military training in Germany.
This law was in effect until 1918. The
law of April l, 1885, resumed compulsory
military training in Germany. The law
of June 7, 1875 and later the law of
June %, 1891, established compulsory
military training in Italy.
@. What is the quotation about con-
science having thousand tongues?-
r. G. M.
A. My conscience hath thousand
tongues, and every tongue brings in a
several tale, and every tale condemns
me for villain" is from Shakespeare's
King Richard III"
Evening star., 1941-04-10
MCLEAN, Va.


Dear Sir:
Not long ago you asked to hear from
any reader with more than four mourn
ing doves. Last night at one feeding
patch I counted 81.
But before going on with the story,
may thank you for the pleasure your
column brings each day to us war-neWS-
weary humans? Your beautiful and
truthful column among so many others
of lies of hate, richly deserves the praise
it receives.
"One bitter cold day this winter a
large flock of doves dropped in here.
When I first noticed them I was fright
ened for I had never seen so many
before and did not Immediately recog-
niZe them.
THE whole lawn seemed 10 be a
carpet of slow-moving gray. After
catching my breath, I went for the
pigeon feed and wheat which we pur-
chase for the few doves that are always
here. I remember how dismayed 1 was
to find the supply low. Still when
opened the living room window to give
them what I had, they, in turn, were
also frightened They flew straight into
the air and over the trees and I watched
the gray cloud fly northeast as far as I
could see.
Next day several returned and have
been here since. The doves are mating
now and sit on the bare branches in
the top of high oaks plucking out their
old gray winter feathers and cooling
Although so many doves are drain
ON the family budget, they are nice
things to have around. Doves are al
ways alert and the first to give warning
to the other birds at the approach of
an intruder.
They like to wander through the tall
wiry grass on the edge of woods and
unfortunately, they attract hunters.
"One day during the past hunting
season, a bird killer Stalked close to
our woods in the adjoining field Sud-
denly a shot rang out and like a flash
doves flew through the woods to our
protective clearing. They were fright
tItu anu UlOIlOIlItSS ia d QOS
wood tree and a pathetic silence fell
over the woods.
After a few minutes the silence was
broken by the melancholy cry of dove
1T called and called till darkness fell
We feel sure the shot killed its mate
II seemed awful not to be able to help
About all we could do was to scatter
a more generous helping of wheat that
evening.
Birds do not quickly forget sorrow
as some people think, for early next
morning the dove started again It's
gentle pleading cry for its mate.
/ with English sparroWs and starlings
slowly but surely driving away our lovely
wild songsters, it seems as though some
| thing could be done to keep man from
killing off the few wild creatures that
are left.
Some of your readers wondered what
the early returning robins find to eat
I'VE saw our first robin March s.
The ground was covered with snow
but he was perChed on a sumac BOZ
eating heartily. March II. a migrating
flock stopped here. The ground was
| frozen and there was still some snow
Evening star., 1941-04-10

in an increasing measure. in the sup
ply of weapons of war
Born of this distress, the dreams
which some of US have INDUCED in,
in the past. would appear to be more
likely to materialize and the greater
understanding between the English
speaking peoples will. as and when
the future of the world is under con-
sideratIon, be determining factor
as to the nature and quality of the
edtf1ce which rises on the ashes of
what is dead and gone.
1t may seem strange to you
to hea. that every man. woman and
child in this country today realizes
that they are literally on the edge
of the beyond. None knows when the
summons may come The indiscrim-
mate bombing of our towns and
countryside leaves US in such a state
of uncertainty as has developed
curious fataliSm, and which would
seem to have removed all fear of
consequences. We pursue our nor
NAL vocations undisturbed, retire to
rest, hopeful that we shall see the
dawn, but with no definite certainty
that such will be the case. This is
not a blind and animal acceptance
of inevitability. but il is the appre-
citation of the fact that ma jor con-
f1ict, so determining in its effects on
the future of the race, cannot be
undertaken without equally major
risks and dangers =.
The staging of the journey of Lord
Halifax in the latest of our battle
ships and the arrival of Mr.. Winant
in this country marked by the greet
ings from, the heads of our respective
states, gives further tangible evidence
of the supreme importance which is
attached to the bond which is being
forged between us. J.B,
Evening star., 1941-04-10
Expresses Satisfaction
In Respect Shown Toward Flag.

40 IHe EultuI uL Hb oJdit
AS local veteran of the A. E. F. and
a participant in numerous parades in
Washington, want to 60 on record as
saying that Saturdays Army Day pa
rade was one of the most efficiently
handled in which I have ever marched.
Especially, noticed one thing. Along
the line of march, old and young men
removed their hats or saluted as the
colors of our country passed by. Women
placed their hands over their hearts.
Previously in parades, it was evident to
veterans of the World War that the
populace of the District had not been
properly instructed in due respect to cur
country's flag.
1t was with particular pleasure that
we of the 29th Division Association no.
ticed the greater reverence for our flag.
Almost without exception men in civilian
clothes uncovered as Old Glory passed
by. High school cadets, Boy Scouts and
members of Junior organizations properly
saluted, as did the uniformed members
of the police force and the armed serv-
ices standing on the side lines.
We of the old 29th Division again
reverently dedicate ourselves to any
service under our flag in any country,
under any conditions prescribed by our
Government, under which it is our privi-
lege and honor to serve.
Again we want to express our impress
sion of the growing respect for the flag
of our country. as evidenced by the re-
spect paid to it during Saturdays pa
rade. j. FRED CHASE,
Past National Commander.
goth Division Association
Evening star., 1941-04-10

to be tried before resort is had to
the drastic step Of taking over private
plants, and, at the least, if existing
law is to be changed at all, observ-
ance of a cooling-off period by labor
should be required as condition
precedent to the taking over by the
plant.
Evening star., 1941-04-10
Objects to Closing Streets
For Any Purpose.

To the Editor of The Star:
The public building program in Wash
ington has already closed Sixth, Ninth,
Tenth, Eleventh and Thirteenth streets.
Daily the traffic congestion from the
south gets worse. Now Secretary Ickes
wants to close Virginia avenue. This
should not be permitted.
No more streets should be closed for
any one or anything. r. G. G.
Evening star., 1941-04-10
Letters to the Editor

Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address OF
the 1Uriter, although the use OF
q pSeudonynl for publication is
permissible The Star reserves
the right to edit all letters tUith
q U1el1 to condensation.
Evening star., 1941-04-10
Hoskin's S Answers
To Questions
By Frederic J. HdSktn.

reader can get the unSWer to nnp
question OF fact by 1Crtting The Eue-
ming Star Information Bureau, Fred
eric J. H1Skin, director. Washington,
d. c. Please incloSe stamp for reply.
@. What is the fastest scheduled pas
senger train run in the United Statesf
Il. F. A.
A. The country's fastest scheduled run
Is made by the Diesel-powered stream
liner Morning Zephyr, No. 81, of the
Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad,
which covers 546 miles from East
Dubuque, Ill, to Prairie du Chen, Wis,
at an average speed of "a miles per hour,
start to STOP.
@. Please give the number of calories
and the amount of iron in an egg yolk.
M. o.
A. An egg yolk represents about so
calories and .OO06 per cent iron.
@. Under what circumstances did
Gen. Sherman say war is heu"?-
(. C. r.
A. In an address before the gradu-
atlng class of the Michigan Military
Academy, delivered June 10, 1879, Gen.
Sherman said: II am tired and sick
of war. Its glory is all moonshine 1t
is only those who have neither fired a
shot nor heard the shrieks and groans
Of the wounded who cry aloud for blood.
more vengeance, more desolation. War
is hell"
@. Please give the origin of the lead
pencil.-B. T.
A. The earliest mention of what are
known today as lead pencils appears
in records dating back to 1565-not long
after the discovery of the noted graphite
mine at BorroWdale, England, in 1854
This mine furnished the material for
the first lead pencils. The graphite was
sawed into strips and fastened into
wooden castings.
@. What church has a number Of
paintings by the famous artist, George
InneSs, jr.?-H. G.. P.
A. In the Church of the Good Shep-
herd (UniversalisD at Tarpon Springs.
Fla, there are 10 religious paintings
by the late George Inness. jr., inspired
by the beauties of the vicinity.
Evening star., 1941-04-10

Favorite Hymns-A collection of
Isl of the best-loved hymns of
all denominations, complete with
words and music. The book is
by 9 inches in size and has an
attractive, durable, colored cover.
Completely indexed for quick ref
erence. To secure your copy in
close 20 cents in coin, wrapped IN
this clipping, and mail to The Star
Information Bureau.
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Address