davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Imperial Valley press., 1941-09-22
Gale Blasts Utah City
From Touch with World
u AMBllNG
< EpoRTfR

Can't Stay Away
When the draft caught ucnOl
makeup man Harvey Ladd OF the
POST Press composing room he went
into the military SWIM as private
After a few weeks, the diplomacy
Harry had :2arneu during his SpeI!
of getting along with editors ana
Whalnot from the front olllct won
him corporal'o cheTronS IN TN"
854th Artillery at Camp Roberts,
hand now, after the current leave
brought him back TO FL Centre Mon
day is over, it viii be Sergeant Har-
yey Ladd, tWo-fiSted boss OF whole
blamed platoon. But-and here
Hbhe snapper-about the first thing
Harry did ON his return to town was
race madiy throu@u the Poat-PreSS
front office. ulNcst himself OF Sllrt
and etc. grab a Hrma-smJar"d
printers apron and start slmgmg
type into forms.
It's the Ole printers ihk Harry.
You cant get aWaT from It.
Long DiStaccc Dop"--
Take it from Roy Whalln, long
time unofficial slOUgr lUr RR. the
Ell Centro Elka certainly did them
selves proud with thelr Initiation
ceremonies ut Whittier lodge not
SO long ago according to Roy VIA
U. S. postage, Carl Rogers Lee Nuf-
fer. Noel Smith. Nolan Smith, Fred
Nebel-Thau and Norman Deaton
were an initiation team worth
watching Those boys, still accord
ing to Roy, put on a ceremony lilat
never has been Cquaied in the ms
tory of Elkdom.
Get Ready Coroner &.
1 Il went dove hunting Sunday and
i got only two doves N2delyn Hor-
ton mourned just like mourning
dove Monday. I'm going to learn
how to shoot before l 90 hunting
nTuesda% and if ! don't get more
than two doves thcn I'm going to
save the last bullet for myself.
The Naughy Boys
John tllnN1 HaliSStn MADE an
impressive appearance Sunday night
as he prepared to star III the big
show put on as part of the enter
tainment for valley Lceionnaircs III
WeStmOrland.
After an agony Of getting started,
Tiny prepared to swing into his
part as star in the skit
There was long wait as Tiny
hunted frantically both on and
eff stage for something. At last
someone else too,: his part. Tiny
retired from the drama.
Some fiend of an eX-douehboy
had stolen thc book from which
Tiny was to read his pag;. That
was worse than taking crutch
away from a one legged man.
Imperial Valley press., 1941-09-22
TEMPERATURE

Maximum sun. ~, minimum
Mon. So; pm. sun. 90, humidity
II; am. Mon. Ga, humidity 2G.
Noon Mon. 80, humidity Is.
l.. A. Hay: =. t. 80. l $3.50;
U.S.NO. 9 leafy Nv. Sl7.50-18; No. 2
$16.5O-17; Mpls. Sept. flax S1,95.
Imperial Valley press., 1941-09-22
Bank Debts

EI Centro Business Barometer
Saturday S4l4,253.09
Last Year 9,390.l0
Imperial Valley press., 1941-09-22

SALT LAKE CITY, Sept.
%. (UP)-Winds Of full gale
velocity sweeping out Of the
WaSatch mountain canyons
on q 2Q0-n1ile storm front
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1941-12-03
CHRISTMAS
SEALS
PROTEST
Tosf Hone from
Tuberculosis

guiding the people against
treacherous currents and the
shoals of indifference to a Sc
rious health problem
The first lighthouses Of antiqu-
ity apparently were no more than
beacon fires. Lesches. the Greek
poet, mentions light of this
nature in a poem written as
early as $50 &c. The famous
Pharos OF Alexandria. built be-
tween 283 and 247 B. c. was re-
garded as one Of the seven won
ders of the world, and since
that time the term ~pharology"
has been used for the science of
lighthouse construction.
The oldest lighthouse in the
United States IS believed to be
the Boston light on Little Brew
ster Island near the main en-
trance to the Boston harbor. It
was established in 17l6. the pres
ent structure dating from 1859.
The original Thirteen Colonies,
largely dependent as they were
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1941-12-03

on water traffic, gave an early
attention to lighthouses, even
before Congress was established.
After the national government
organization, expansion Of the
lighthouse system was provided
for, and IN 1890 Alexander Ham
ilton wrote the first report on
lighthouses IN the United States
The broad theme Of lighthous-
Is provided the inspiration for
Artist Steven Dohanos who
painted this years Christmas
Seal With breadth and dignity
and artistic excellence he de-
pieted the winter-swept light
house scene. Warmth and Sc
eurity are suggested IN the
lights of the keepers house, his
overturned boat protected from
the weather. and the footprints
IN the snow leading to his coy
cottage Surmountnig this Is the
light itself, bold in illumination,
beaming outward into the night.
a certain beacon for those who
would be guided to desired Sc
curity.
And that, in essence, IS the
message Of the Christmas Seals
tiny beacons lighting the way
for the unceasing fight on tuber-
culosis. zfM
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1941-12-03
Junior Woman's Club
To Hold Social

There win be a social meeting
Of the Junior Woman's Club held
Thursday afternoon. beginning at
5 o'clock. at the new club house
on Duval street, according to an
nouncement made by Mrs. Joseph
Lopez, president Of the organize
ton
All members are requested 10
De IN attendance
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1941-12-03

man. Mrs. Stephen Douglass, as
follows: Mrs. Emaline Bogler,
Mrs. W. B. WeIlen, Mrs. Harry z.
Rue, Mrs. Charles Z. Roberts.
Mrs. Alton Parks, Mrs. VIM. Ar
mold and Mrs Marcel Mazeau.
Also the reinstatement of Mrs.
Grace Phillips
Mrs. Phillip Cosgrove, educa-
tional department chairman an
nounced there would be estab-
lished in the near future a cur
rent events department. Leaders
are being asked to volunteer their
services for conducting these
meetings.
Mrs. Hugh Williams made the
timely suggestion that the homes
of the club members be opened
during the Yuletide season to
service men, many of whom viii
spend their first Christmas away
from home.
The club donated $40 to the
Red Cross special gifts fund and
S. to the Monroe County Tuber-
culosis association.
Guest speaker of the meeting
was Albert Mills, executive secre-
tary Of Monroe County Defense
Council Mr.. Mills discussed the
many phases of work in the ma
tional defense that could be done
by women.
Mrs. Melvin Russell and her
committee, Mrs. Mamie Porter,
Mrs. Albert Peirce. Mrs. Bernie
Papy and Mrs. Wilder arranged a
delightful tea hour. Presiding at
the tea table were Mrs. Stephen
Douglass and Mrs. Harvey Eagan
Defense stamps sales were in
charge of Mrs. Cosgrove during
the tea hour.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1941-12-03
NOTIf n

NOTICE
IN THE COUNTY JUDGES COURT.
N AND FOR MONROE COUNTY.
FLORIDA. IN PROBATE.
In re- ESTATE OF
FERSAND0 ". ROBERTS.
Deceased
Z Notice Is hereby given TO all whom
Il may eancern that Lou Roberts and
Birdie Pinder. as Executives Of the
Last Will and Testament Of Per
nandp IS. Roberts. deceased. have
filed with the Honorable Raymond
r. Lord County Judge IN and for
Monroe County. Florida. their Final
Report and have made application
for their discharge as Executives
OF the Last VIII and Testament Of
Fernando ". Roberts. deceased.
Dated November z5th. a =. 1881.
fSd.l Lot ROBERTS.
fSdl BIRDIE FINDER,
AS Executrices Of the Last WIN and
Testament 81 Fernando ". Rob
erts, deceased.
Hoyzs. dec3-l0-I5.Is
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1941-12-03
Key West Woman's Club Holds
Enjoyable Meeting On Tuesday

The Key West Woman's club
held its regular monthly meeting
Tuesday at the club house on Du-
val street Mrs. Vim. r. Warren
presided at the meeting IN the alb
sence Of the president. Mrs. Fred
er1ck Knapp who is recuperating
from a severe illness. Reports
were heard from department
ehairmen and standing commit
tees. Miss Eta Patterson. house
and grounds committee chairman
reported the completion of the
painting of furniture and hang
ing of draperies and curtains in
the club rooms and apartments.
The diligent work of Miss Patter-
son and her committee has en-
abled the president and her build
ing committee to convert the
second floor of the club into two
completely furnished apartments,
which are now rented.
Mrs Mary Hammond Barker
solicits the aid of knitters for yarn
she has at her home. This yarn is
to be used exclusively for the
American Armed Forces and as
Faany are now located in Iceland a
great need exists for these warm
sweaters and nlufflers.
Mrs. J. r. Colgate, library chair
man. reported six new books pur-
chased for the library and report
ed the donation of Kings Row
presented by Steve Singleton.
Mrs. Haydn Illingworth. fine
arts chairman made the announce
ment that her department would
sponsor a meeting for carol sing
ing during the holidays.
Seven new members were re-
ported by the membership chair
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1941-12-03
NOTICE OF APPLICATION FOR
TAx DEED


NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN, That
T. Jenkins Curry. holder of Tax
Certificate No. 23l. issued the Ist
dar of August. A n 1888. has
filed same In my office and has
made application for a tax deed TO
be Issued thereon Sale certificate
embraces the following described
property in. the County OF Monroe,
state OF Florida. to-wit;
Lot 6, Sqr p II g Moreno sub.
Key Largo. Plat Book l. Page
IzS. Lots Il ard Is. See i. Twp
81. r. 80. as recorded ia Monroe
County Records D5-fis.
The assessment OF the said prop
erty under the said certificate is
sued was in the name Of Z. A Warm
ing
unfess said certificate shall be re-
deemed according 70 law the prop
erty described therein win be sole
TO the highest bidder at the court
house door on the first Monday in
the mnnth OF January, 1912. which Is
the sth DAY 81 JanuarF. 1872
pared this zrd day q December.
1871.
tsEAE3 Ross c Sawyer
Clerk q Circuit Court u Monroe
dees-la-15-z4.ls41
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1941-12-03
NOTICE UNDER FICTITIOUS
NAME <TATUTE

NOTICE Is HEREBY GIVEN that
the Undersigned desiring to engage
in business under the fictitious name
OF a < r Grocery Store, intend
10 register the said fictitious name
with the Clerk OF the Circuit Court
of Monroe County, Florida
Dated November IS. 1871
ALOSZO COTHRON.
BERLIN FELTON,
nov2e: dec5-I0-17-3AIS4I
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1941-12-03

hrs. Mary E. Gardner is spend
ing several weeks visit In Key
West
While here, Mrs. Gardner IS
the guest Of her daughter, Mrs. L.
A johnson.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1941-12-03
Mrs. Leasher Leaves
For Washington

Mrs Wilma Leasher left re-
Gently for Miami where she viii
spend few days visiting her
mother.
AT the termination of her stay
in Miami, Mrs. Leasher viii pro-
coed to Washington, d. c. to join
her husband, who is now stationed
there.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1941-12-03
NOTICE UNDER FICTITIOUS
NAME STATETE

NOTICE Is HEREBY GIVEN that
the undersigned. desiring to engage
in business under the fictitious name
OF a & II. Fish COMPANY. intend
TO register the said fictitious name
with the Clerk of the Circuit Court
OF Monroe County. Florida
Dated November IS, 1871
ALO<Z0 COTHRoN.
BERLIN FELTON,.
nov26, dec5-In- l7-24,1s41
ELff -
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1941-12-03
THEME OF THE
CHRISTMAS SEAL

The lighthouse theme of this
years Christmas Seals, sold
throughout the United States TO
aid the unrelenting drive on tu-
berculosis, has a classic symbol
ism. according to J. J. Trevor.
president Of the Monroe County
tuberculosis Association.
A lighthouse IS structure
erected to carr a light for the
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1941-12-03
NOTICE Under FICTITIOUS
NAME kTATXTE

NoTFCE IS HEREBY GIVEN that
the undersigned. desiring 70 engage
in business under the fictitious name
OF Triumph Coffee Mills. intends
TO register the said fictitious name
with the Clerk Of the Circuit Court
Of Monroe County. Florida
Dated November IS. 1881
GABRIEL GUTIERREZ
nov3s. dec5-Ie-i--z4.1s4f
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1941-12-03
NOTICE UNDER FICTITIOUS
NAME STATTTE

NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN that
the undersigned. desiring TO engage
In business under the fictitious name
OF Monroe Cafe. intend 10 register
the said fictitious name with the
Clerk Of the Circuit Court OF Monroe
County, Florida
Dated November IL. 1881
RAFAEL r. GONZALEZ.
AUGCSTIN EILLAVERDE-
novf2-Is-1s: dee3.1S4I
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1941-12-03
NOTICE UNDER FIcFITI0Js
xaur STaTtTE : ~ S

NOTICE Is HEREBY GIVEN that
the undersigned desiring to engage
an business Under the tfiefi8 i6szs aHae
of North Beach Inn, intends 70
register the said fictitious name
with the Clerk OF the Circuit Court
OF Monroe County, Florida
Dated November Is. 1871
GEORGE SMITH
narz6; Standardization
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1941-12-03
NOTICE UNDER FICTITIOUS
NAME STATTTE

NOTICE is HEREBY GIVEN that
tins Undersigned desiring Ia engage
in business under the fictitious name
af Florida Keys BuiideFss. intends
TO register the said fictitious name
with the Clerk Of the Circuit Court
OF Monroe County. Florida
Dated November e. E941-
.AIsOSZ0 COTHRON-
nov2s. dec3- 10-f7-s41g4i
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1941-12-03
TOO BUSY TO
REPORT HoLD-UP

SEATTLE - Police wondered
why Grocer R. P. Avery waited
two hours TO report being held up
by a robber who took his $50.
Avery explained that he had no
telephone and was SO busy he just
couldn't get away from the store
any sooner.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1941-12-03
Cracks And Comments
By A
FLORIDA CRACKER

MAJOR r. ?. SPOTTSWOOD,
CA. Res. Writes Glowing re-
ports of comfortable and healthy
conditions IN Camp Polk, La
where he Is stationed No
squawking from our Key West
soldiers. thank you
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1941-12-03

purpose Of warn
ing or guidance
in conn elton
with marine or
aerial navigation.
Lighthouses sym
boliZe protection
They dot the
shores OF the
United State
Just as the tu-
berculOsis asso-
Citations dot the
cities and towns,
X a rning and
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1941-12-03
IS EPILEPSY INHERITED
WHAT CAUSES 1T?

a eookist containing the opiniOus of fam
esn doetors on this interesting subject win
be ssns FREE. while stsy last. TO ara reader
~#sfins 10 Tire Ed0ssnonai Division. SIS
Flsih Ave. sas~ York. N. Y. Dept. D42s
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1941-12-03

] 'FRADY CAT: Cracker some
kmes receives requests 10 throw
hriekbats in this column at some
ene's pet peeve- Sorry, but We
leave the briekbats to the gentle
man who writes editorials and
we handle the bouquets.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1941-12-03
LEGALS
NOTICE UNDER FICTITIOUS
NAME STAVVTE

NAME STATUTE
NOTICE Is HEREBY GIVEN that
the undersigned, desiring to engage
In business under the fictitious name
OF Marathon Trading Post, Mara
thOn Fla" intend 10 register the
said fictitious name with the Clerk
Of the Circuit Court OF Monroe C0un-
ty. Florida.
Dated November %. 1871.
1. W. RIGGS.
RAE RIGGS.
novze; decS-1e-IT-24Isn
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1941-12-03

MOVE OVER, LIGHTNING:
Captain Alberto Camera. OF the
Key West Police Force may be
no Eilery Queen but IN case Of a
crime. call him and you can De
assured OF fast action.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1941-12-03

MATcHABELLTS oDEUR de
STABLE, IS a Gram: Lindbergh
says he writes MS own speeches
We thought so.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1941-12-03
LEGALS

NOTICE UNDER FICTITIOUS
NAME STATUTE
NOTICE Is HEREBY GIVEN that
the undersigned. desiring to engage
in business under the fictitious name
Of sLumley and Roberts Hardware
intends to register the
said fictitious name with the Clerk
Of the Circuit Court of Monroe Coun-
ty Florida
Dated November IL. Is4I
r. E. ]. ROBERTS
nov1z-1s-2s; decs.1s4f
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1941-12-03

ORCHIDS TO MISS THELAA
STRABLE: For her new serial,
Sailors Girl written about a
girl who loved and lost IN the
blazing sun and color and mys-
terry of Key west Now running
N the American Magazine.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1941-12-03

CHRISTMAS CHEER: Many
of the hospitable homes of Key
West are planning to invite one
or more members of the armed
forces stationed here for Christ
mas dinners. Lets all do our
part for these lonely. homesick
men who are far from their
homes and loved ones.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1941-12-03

~ THE CIRCUIT COURT OF THE
ELEVENTH JUDICIAL CIRCUIT
IN AND FOR MONROE COUNTY.
STATE OF FLORIDA. IN CHAN
Gerry.
Case No. s-Ieo
JOSEPH WINCH,
Plaintiff.
VS.
AGNES yINCI,
Defendant.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1941-12-03

HAVE A HEART. KIND SIR
AND LADY: Send IN your money
for the Christmas Seals you re-
ceived Remember with mercy
and pity tuberculosis sufferers.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1941-12-03

ROPE OFF A CITY BLOCK:
Wish local dance places had ad-
joining arenas for iitterbugs.
They take up much more room
than they are entitled TO skitter-
ing about with spreading arms
and flying heels, lacking hither
and yon like sailing canoes on a
perilous sea.
Conservative dancers, who ad-
here to good taste in public
dancing and compose the large
majority, must as a result OF
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1941-12-03

Mr. and Mrs R B. Kelly, of
Lockport, n. Y, who are annual
winter visitors to Key West,
have arrived for the season
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1941-12-03

Mrs. Glorianna Bayly will leave
Thursday for Coconut Grove,
where she viii attend a meeting
of the Daughters of the King to
be held at St Stephens Episcopal
church.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1941-12-03
SOCIETY NOTES

Coils P Helm and brother.
Alger R Helm, are visitors from
the North. and are the guest of
their sister, Mrs Thomas Kelly.
and Mr. Kelly. on Francis street
Coils, who is connected with the
Bethlehem Steel company. stat
ed he had visited Key West Is
years ago and has now seen
many changes in the city. How
ever, he says, ne finds the same
fine people. The chief delight
Of their visit has been the big
fish they caught and the sun
shine to be found here. The
brothers went fishing with the
Deweritts yesterday and landed
three jewish weighing between
100 and 500 pounds each and
several grouper.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1941-12-03

these exhibitionists, edge about
the floor momentarily expecting
a poke In the eye or kick in the
shins. In the interest of public
comfort, to say nothing of safe
~, jitterbugging should not be
allowed on small dance floors.
I MUST SEE THE SITUATION
from the other mans own view
point before I pass judgment on
his acts.
Yours truly.
FLORIDA CRACKER.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1941-12-03

mir and Mrs. Earl S. johnson
OF Needham. Ma, are expected
to arrive Saturday and viii be
holiday guests of Mrs. Johnson's
mother, Mrs. R. T. Spottswood.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1941-12-03

Subscribe to The Citizen. 20s
weekly.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1941-12-03

ALBERT MILLS SAYS: That
when fingerprints were made of
over twenty-five hundred civil
ian defense workers in Key West
that over seventy OF thenl va
moosed.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1941-12-03

To.
AGNES WINCH 1901 45th Avenue,
Long Island. New York.
You are hereby required 10 appear
to the Bill OF Complaint for divorce
in the above styled cause on the 9Th
day OF January. A. D. 1912, other
wise the allegations therein viii be
taken as confessed
This order TO be published once
week for four consecutive weeks in
The Key WesS Citizen. newspaper
published in Key West. Florida
Done and Ordered this 18th day of
November, A D. 1S4i-
(SEAL) Ross C Sawyer
Clerk OF the Circuit Court, Monroe
County, Florida
BY: (Sd-l Florence E Sawyer.
Deputy Clerk.
THOMAS S. CARO-.
Solicitor for Plaintiff.
noyIs-26; dec3-10-17, 1871
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1941-12-03

FLORIDA OUT OF DEBT
AND MONEY IN THE BANK:
Governor SpeSsard Holland re-
ports. We knew all the time
taxes were too high
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1941-12-03

IT'S A SECRET: Until Satur.
day night but we know young
matron who VIII wear one of the
most gorgeous evening gowns
ever worn in Cayo Hueso when
she attends the Red Cros An
nual Bah at the Stork Club and
her hubby viii be justly proud
Evening star., 1941-07-13
By Lothrob Stoddard.

on the rich grass lands OF the south.
This budding state showed the marks
of a vigorous young civilization. Its
capital, Kiev, situated on the middle
reaches of the broad Dnieper River and
living on the immemorial trade-route
from the Black Sea to the Baltic, was
a city of wealth and importance. 1t was
TO Kiev that Christianity and European
civilization came from Byzantine Con-
stantinople. 1t was from Kiev that light
went forth to illumine the somber bar
barism of the Great Russian North.
During the 10th and 18th centuries
the Grand Princedom Of Kiev stood IN
the forefront of European powers. Its
close contact with both East and West
is shown by the fact that one of its
princes married q Byzantine emperor's
sister, while another prince took to wife
the daughter of Harold, last king of that
Saxon England which fell before the
onslaught of William the Norman.
Ukrainians Hated Polish Rule.
UNainia probably would have con-
tinued to play prominent part in Eu-
ropean history if 1t had not been over
whelmed in the series OF Asiatlc in
vasions which assailed Eastern Europe.
For more than 100 years the princes OF
Kiev battled manfully with those nomad
hordes but in the 18th century came
the great Mongol invasion which broke
the old Ukrainian state to pieces. KiU
was razed, the wide prairies Of South
ern Russia were swept bare, and the
western section of the Ukrainian folk
fell under the political sway of the ris-
ing kingdom OF Poland.
Polish rule was hated by the Ukrain-
ians. The Poles, though Slavs, had
received their religion and culture from
the Roman West, whereas the Ukrain-
ians had taken theirs from the Byzan-
tine East. This religious and cultural
gulf could never be bridged. The Poles
were the ruling class, regarded as op-
pressors by their Orthodox subjects, who
resisted every effort made to Polonize
and Catholicize them. Attempting to
escape from the Polish yoke, Ukrainian
frontiersmen ventured back into the
deserted plains. battled with the declin-
ing power of the Mongol Tartars, and
set up the famous Cossack Republic of
the Dnieper.
Division Of Ukraine.
Alarmed at this development, Poland
tried to conquer the Cossacks. Fight
ing desperately against both Poles and
Tartars, the Cossacks turned to the
czardom of Muscovy which had grown
up in North-central Russia with Mos
COW as its capital, acknowledging the
Gear as overload in return for promises
Of self-government. But the Car broke
his promise and made deal with Po-
land, dividing the Ukrainian country
between them. Thenceforth Russians
and Poles mutually tyrannized over their
respective spheres, and the lot OF the
unhappy Ukrainians became, if any
thing, worse than before When Poland
itself fell at the end of the 18th century,
Russia seized most of the Ukrainian ter
ritories. Only small part, known as
Eastern Galicia, went to Austria.
During the 18th century the Cars
did their best to 'Russify" their Ukrsan-
ian subjects. But the forbidden Ian