davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1941-12-15
President Leads
Bill Of Rights
Observance
Will Broadcast on
Networks Between
10 and II PM.

President Roosevelt will speak on
radio program between 10 and
II o'clock tonight in commemora-
ton of the 150th anniversary of the
adoption OF the Bill of Rights. en-
bodied in the first 10 amendments
to the Constitution.
The Chief Executive will speak
from the White House. The pro-
gram will be broadcast over all net
works
At 4 o'clock this afternoon, Vice
President Wallace will lay a wreath
on the tomb of George Mason, who
drafted the document, at Gunston
Hall, the Mason estate in Fairfax
County, Va.
Biddle Will Speak.
Attorney General Biddle and
Archibald MacLeish, librarian of
Congress, will speak at exercises at
the library annex at $3.50 o'clock
in honor of Thomas Jefferson. whose
liberal ideas were incorporated in the
amendments. The new Jefferson
murals in the annex will be dedi-
Gated and the Budapest Quartet will
play. Historical documents connect
ed with adoption of the bill will be
on display.
Public schools, citizens aSsocia-
tions. civilian defense groups and
labor and fraternal organizations
will be among those holding celebra-
tions.
Three speakers at Catholic Uni
versity exercises at 9 pm. at Nc
Mahon Hall will be the Most Rev.
Joseph Corrigan. rector of the uni
versity; the Very Rev. Ignatius
Smith, o. p. dean of the school of
philosophy, and DR.. Martin r. P.
MCGUIRE, dean Of the graduate
school Of arts and sciences.
Special Exercises in Richmond.
Special exercises will be broad
cast from the steps of the Sub
treasury Building in New York, site
of old Federal Hall. where the First
Congress adopted the bill, and from
Richmond.
The Daughters of the American
Revolution have called special meet
ings of all chapters to commemorate
the day.
President Roosevelt's proclamation
requesting the observance remarked
that those who have long enjoyed
such privileges as we enjoy forget
in time that men have died to win
them" 1t added:
I'VE, however, who have seen
these privileges lost in other conti-
nents and other countries can now
appreciate their meaning to those
people who enjoyed them once and
now no longer can. We understand
In some measure what their loss can
mean. And by that realization we
have come to clearer conception
Of their worth to us and to stronger
and more unalterable determination
that here in our land they shall not
be lost or weakened or curtailed."
Evening star., 1941-12-15
Winchester Veterans
Form Home Guard

Special Dispatch to The Star.
WINCHESTER, Va, Dec. 15.-
World War and Spanish War Vet
erans met last night with other
citizens and organized home guard
company to replace Company us,
Virginia Protective Force, should the
latter be called on to protect vital
State bridges.
Claude Grim headed the Organ.
ization Committee, with Horace
Browne, Harry Cooke and Henry
Lewis as associate members.
Evening star., 1941-12-15
Toy Motinees on Saturday
Your Christmas Opportunity

Matinees" opportunity to play Santa Claus
children will Christmas
yours Matnees
children will their well as receive
Sponsored National Broadcang
Co. Theaters TOY will be held Sat-
is in
neghborood leave for needy chds Christ
stocking Warner Bros theater day Cash gifts may De
acknowledged The Star and many
times again their children to
be on
Evening star., 1941-12-15
Two Divorce Suits Filed
In Rockville Court
snscialD,xnatch IN tn. Star

Special Dispatch to The Star.
ROCKVILLE, Md, Dec. 15.-Mrs.
Katherine Margaret Cashell Of
Washington is named defendant in
a suit for an absolute divorce filed
here by Samuel F. Cashell of this
county, who charges desertion.
In another suit filed here Roby
May asks an absolute divorce from
Mrs. Anna May Of Derwood. De-
oertion is charged.
Evening star., 1941-12-15
John E. CIoeett Funeral
In Goithersburg Today
Special DISPATCH to The Stal

Special Dispatch to The Star.
GAITHERSBURG, Md, Dec. Is
The funeral of John E. Clagett. 80,
retired farmer, who died at his home
near here Saturday after long ILL
ness, will take place this afternoon
from Grace Methodist Church,
Gaithersburg The services will be
conducted by the Rev. William j.
Elliott. and burial will be in Forest
Oak Cemetery here.
Mr. Clagett died on the farm
where he was born. He is survived
by two daughters, Mrs. Spencer
Ward. Darnestown, Md, and Miss
Estelle Clagett. Gaithersburg, and
seven grandchildren.
Evening star., 1941-12-15
Defense Troininq Course

SANDY SPRING. Md. Dec. IS
(SpeciaD.-A national defense train
ing course in forge work, acteylene
Welding, machinery repairing and
sheet metal will be given at Sher-
wood High School. beginning jan
uary 2, it has been announced by the
instructor, S. j. Finneyfrock of
Olnev
Evening star., 1941-12-15
Beer Permit Hearing

ROCKVILLE, Md, Dec. Is (Spe-
ciaD.-The Montgomery County
Liquor Control Board will hold a
public hearing on an application Of
Daniel Giovannoni, Julia A. Clio
vannoni and Sebastion P. Ambrogi,
on behalf of the Montgomery Hills
Tavern, Inc.," for a licesne to sell
beer at 1876 Seminary road. Silver
Spring, at ;2:3o pm. next Monday
at the dispensary, Silver Spring.
Evening star., 1941-12-15
w. & IA. Sets Student Rutio

WILLIAMSBURG Va, Dec. Is
(P).-A policy to establish and MAIN
tain a ratio of so per cent men and
40 per cent women students, as cir
cumstances may permit, at the
College of William and Mary. was
announced last night by President
John Stewart Bryan.
Evening star., 1941-12-15
Workers Buy $4,000 Bonds

WINCHESTER, Va, Dec. Is (Spe-
ciaD Nearly 300 employees of the
Virginia Woolen Co. here have pur-
chased approximately $4,000 in
National Defense bonds, it was an
nounced today by w. r. Armel,
chairman of the committee in
charge of sales.
Evening star., 1941-12-15
MARYLAND Oyster Crop Falls

ANNAPOLIS. Dec. Is (P).-Oyster
production in Maryland has dropped
134,074 bushels so far in 194l from
the figure on the same date in 1940
the Department of Tidewater Fish
cries announced yesterday.
Evening star., 1941-12-15
Toll In Previous Months.

1OtdlS 10 QaCe----- III %
In December, Beware Of:
/. The hours between 5 and
10 pm. Ten of the 13 traffic
victims in December last year
were killed within this five
hour period.
2. Crossing a street at some
point other than a crosswalk.
Three pedestrians lost their
lives in December, 1910, while
doing this.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-06-02
MUST KEEP FREEDOM

The builders OF our supreme
land showed their most profund
wisdom in those sweet words Of
liberty enshrined in our priceless
Bill of Rights. II we lost those free
dons. the framework OF our gov
eminent would become skeleton.
only too well do we know from
the history OF modern Europe how
the silencing OF the voice Of pro-
test was a prelude 10 national
disaster.
But in exercising that freedom
OF speech, which includes the right
TO criticize. we must each one Of US
try 10 approximate formula of
which conscience and patriotism
must be the monitors.
"As best ] can express II. the
formula is: No criticism or com
plant that primarily gives aid
comfort, or information 10 the
enemy, actual or potential; only
criticism or complaint when. by
the standard OF judgment or ex-
perience or both. the actions OF
inactions OF government are inn
periling the success OF its defense
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-06-02
INDIVIDUAL FREEDOM

The British well know that
they could never deny at home
what they claim 10 be fighting for
abroad the basic freedom Of the
individual. In the awful DAYS
lahead We must resolve to keeE
fighting that human rights be re-
spected and our way of life bC
indicated.
We have witnessed in our life
time the growth of a theory OF
living which denies every prin.
'ciple America holds dear. In the
name Of new order, small
.coterie Of deSpots proclaim that
they have the secret for the world
of tomorrow.
Their formula Is not new IA
our church or 10 our civilization
~ but turns backward the clock
of history. II cSpouSes the view
that man in himself is without
dignity that force in and Of IL.
self is the sole arblter OF right.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-06-02
PRICE OF LIBERTY

Freedom is an act of the will
based upon truth. We must have
the truth if we are to be free. My
dear young men, eternal vigilance
was and is and always will be the
price OF liberty.
The real test OF the democratic
process comes with the stress and
strain of crisis. The democratic
way is hard way because es-
sentially il is based upon the
spiritual side of man. AS Ameri-
cans we are proud that the ship
OF state has sailed on no matter
how troublesome the times.
Not in vain did the poet sing:
Humanity with all its fears
Is hanging breathless on thy
fate
Il shall never forget a thrilling
sight in London when ! witnessed
the vigorous but fair and intel
ligent criticism Of his majesty's
government in the important poll.
.cieS and administration Of the war
even AS the air raid warning was
sounding.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-06-02
RUIN IN FALSE CODE

"On this false code have been
based policies and programs which
have laid waste a large part of
the civilization ~ the world.
In America, however. our proc
lanation is clear
We believe that there are
Irlghts-the rights Of the individual
We declare that they are absolute
God-given rights which the ma jor-
lily and the state Itself must
respect
Never forget that democracy
can be a much abused and mis-
understood term But that democ-
racy 20 which we profess allie
glance is FAR different from the
arbitrary mass tyranny which
looks upon the will Of the aiority
as the only law There is no magic
in counting noses.
Our democracy springs from
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-06-02
WORLD FORGETS

Your studies here at Notre
Dame have taught you much wis
dom. You have learned that which
the world forgets day after day
year after year. and century after
century-that lesson Of what are
the enduring values and what are
the passing fantasies.
"St. Augustine has told us that
wisdom is nothing but the knowl'
edge Of the relationship of things,
the poet teaches:
"'Only the actions of the just
smell sweet and blossom In the
dust
mo mirage OF novelty has beer
given to you young men, but
rather a stern and manly sense oil
the fortitude of faith.
"One would have TO be a dis
ciple of Pollyanna. not 10 know
that in modern education there
are developing trends Of indis'
cipline which bode evil for ouI
nations future.
I'm the name Of colIectivism we
are being taught that the qualities
Of the individual are unimportant
as against the claims OF the ON.
nipotent state.
The shift Of emphasis Of re-
sponsibility from the individual 10
government is an example OF
dangerous trend.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-06-02
DEMOCRACY DEIFIED

The world is on the move. and
against the tide of collectiviSm no
one can raise an effective hand.
But il is not against the mere
growth of the state as a more
effective agent for social justice
that we protest; ii Is The spectacle
of the state allocating TO itself the
exclusive right TO ju dge the
morality of its own conduct
MY dear young men. only by
reassertion Of moral values and
intellectual honesty among our
public men can we maintain the
important blessings and benefits of
the democratic system.
Democracy in government has
become nearly deified. BY distor-
ton. government has become a
thing apart, as if government
could be self-contained and self
| functioning. apart from the char
acter Of its people.
The exaggerated emphasis upon
rights. upon the negative protec-
tion Of individual personality. and
! this shifting Of financial RESPONSE
blity from tho individual 10 gov
eminent. reveal a lack Of under
standing of the essence Of
democracy which is the protection
of the individual personality from
dictator or demagogue.
People understand that phrase
as an expression and proclaim IL
loudly, but they fail TO understand
that the true meaning Of human
personality is vital 10 an under
standing of the history Of de-
mocracy.
That personality Is, as you have
been taught. a divine bestowal OF
dignity and worth and eternal
destiny"
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-06-02
Kennedy Urges Nation
Unite i'm Emergency
Unlimited Loyalty,
Ex-Ambassador's
Plea to Grads
s,.,,.l .. THE DETROIT rINES

NOTRE DAME, Ind. June q
Joseph P. Kennedy called upon
Young Americans 70 he leaders IN
safeguarding the rights Of freedom
guaranteed by the Constitution IN
an address AZ the University OF
Notre Dame commencement eXer-
cises here.
The former ambassador 10 Great
Britain urged a cessation Of per-
sonal antagonism. which he SAID
the defense OF the nation requires.
Telling the graduates that they
face a unique battle 10 preserve
the truth and warning that "as a
nation we are in danger of for
getting that the ae~-Is- not true
because il is novel and that the old
is not false because II is ancient
he turned 10 great problems that
confront youth and the nation ana
said,
Calling upon his enormous con-
stitutional powers, President
Roosevelt has proclaimed an ur'-
limited national emergency. what
the technical legal significance OF
this decree may be is for the mo-
ment unirnportant.
What is important To every
body, even 10 all who feel strongly
that our country should keep oul
of war. is this-that your PreSl-
dent and my President-the leadeer
of this nation having consistently
and repeatedly assured this nation
that he does not intend 10 take
us into war unless attacked-has
announced that the threat 10 our
national security demands from
all OF us an unlimited loyalty, a
cessation of personal antagonism
which the defense and protection
OF this nation require.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-06-02
Industrial
City Gets
Pounding
international New, Service Cable

LONDON. June 2-Droves OF
German bombers circled the north
western manufacturing city ol
Manchester last night and early
today. dropping many tons Of high
Explosives and thousands Of in
Icendiaries in an attack that lasted
several hours.
IL was the heaviest attack this
area has suffered in months.
"a German announcement said
the city of Manchester had been
raided. west England
ports were bombed and 5000
ton freighter and a 2,000-ton
ship were sunk, Berlin added.)
London experienced an alarm
after p peaceful nights. but no
bombs were dropped on the Lon
don area.
The air ministry news service
said reports of the latest damage
done by Raj raiders at the great
German seaport of Hamburg re-
veal that one of Britain's new
Super-bombS fell on the Steinwer-
der industrial area. demoliShing
buildings in an area of 10000
square yards. Other Photographic
reconnaissance showed IS large in
dustrial buildings were destroyed
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-06-02
they said and did averted dis

they said and did averted dis
-.----------------
Should we fail 10 meet this test
.of the monitors OF our conscience
and Judgment. we are but copying
our partisan critics intent upon
a selfish purpose.
However. criticism Of the past
smacks too much of pure politics
which iS-deadI The past disap-
peared from controversy when the
procurement was made that the
country was in danger To keep il
alive smacks of that human wish
10 say. L told you so.
But should the time come when
our mind and our heart, our eyes
and our ears. inform us that the
activities of our leaders or their
inaction, their mistakes or bad
judgments, endanger our common
cause, then our conscience must
speak and our tongue cannot be
silent, for cowardice is not the
lot OF Notre Dame"
Pointing out that truth is essen-
tial for all freedom and that the
real test OF democracy comes with
the stress of crisis, he continued:
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-06-02
British Occupy
|Bdgdad and
|MosuI Fields
BY CHARLES A. SMITH
init News Service stan Correspondent,

LONDON, June ALI fighting
in Iraq was reported at an end
today as British forces took charge
OF the country and its oil supplies
Latest reports from Cairo stated
that the new lraqi government
that replaced the rebel" Rashid
Ali regime will allow British troops
TO be transported through Iraqi
territory. Rashid Ais refusal to
permit this precipitated the fight
ing a month ago.
A British-dictated armistice was
put into effect at Bagdad and
British troops occupied the Iraqi
capital. An official announcement
said the armistice applies to the
entire country. Its terms include
provisions whereby Axis prisoners
in Iraq will be interned by the
Iraq regime and Iraqi prisoners
taken by the British will be
handed back TO the Iraqi regent,
Abdul Illah.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-06-02
Fire Protests
Raid 10 Berlin
International New. Service cabl.

DUBLIN. June 2.-Prime Minis
ter canon de Valera's government
lodged protest with Berlin in the
strongest possible diplomatic terms
today against the Saturday morn
ing bombing attack that spread
death and destruction through
Dublin.
A government statement an
Inouncing the protest charged the
bombs dropped on Dublin were OF
German origin.
Later the Fire government in
formation bureau in a special
communique announced that y
persons were killed and 80 injured
during the raid. The statement also
mentioned considerable property
damage.
"a further bomb was dropped
near ArklOw. County Wicklow,
early Sunday morning." the
communique said. mo lives
were lost but some damage was
done TO property"
BERLIN. June 2.-QNS)-The
German government refused today
to accept Fires protest over the
bombing Saturday of Dublin with
out further examination OF the
charges and again limited that the
IRAF may have been responsible
for the attack.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-06-02
Crete Survivors Tell
Grim Tales of Horror
BY KENNETH ANDERSON
Init News Service Special Correspondent

shouting and singing and blazing
away with his gun at the swoop-
ing planes, calmly bringing down
machine after machine" while
the Stukas in flights of five and
six attempted to finish off vir-
tually the last British resistance.
LACKED SUPPORT
A Maori, lying in a hospital,
was bitter about il, and said the
battle of Crete could have been
won by the British in q matter OF
hours II they had had sufficient
aerial support.
But a fierce light shone in his
eyeS9as he told how his unit fought
from dusk to dawn, slashing down
hundreds Of ermans with the
bayonet.
"The Germans were terrified
by our bayOnets," he said. "By
day we lay Mt the mercy Of the
Stukas. BY night we unsheathed
our bayOnets and cut them TO
pieces"
After ocing twice wounded. the
Maori, an imperial army sergeant,
told how he and wounded New
Zealander began three-day
march from the battle area.
1T was impossible 10 walk
three yards without stepping
over dead Germans" he de-
clared.
"Such slaughter must be seen
to he believed.
I'm the woods, on the moun-
tain sides. corpses lay In clus-
ters. Many swung from the
branches of trees, strangled by
their parachute cords.
CONFUSION OF BATTLE
The battle was utter confu-
sion. Parachutists landed in all
directions. The wounded under
went operations under Are and
frequently were overtaken nv
the tide OF battle-sometimes
even the armless and legless.
Even hough we were
wounded, we knew that our only
salvation lar-lH- AeAtiHg Ia tina
end. The Germans stopped at
nothing I'm their efforts to ter
roriZe us.
Once. when they captured a
hospital, they dragged out Of
bed the wounded who were able
To walk. and made them walk
ahead of advancing troops. fir
ing behind them.
I'VE couldn't understand this
until an officer escaped and told
Us Of the NaZl ruse.
Then we AaBked the Ger
mans and killed every man in
that detachment"
For the Inside News" OF
Washington, Follow Paul NAL
Ions Column In the Times.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-06-02
REACH OIL FIELDS

Imperial British troops were
understood 10 have reached the
northern Mosul oil fields on the
heels of fleeing German and Ital-
ian air force units.
They found the oil wells and the
pipeline 10 Haifa, Palestine, un.
damaged.
Reports as TO the boy king. six
year-old Feisal ii, conflicted. First
advices said he was safe in Bag.
dad. Later reports cast doubt or
his whereabouts.
Under the terms Of the armi.
Stice, the British will receive priv.
legcs stipulated in the Anglo-Irac
treaty which RaShid Ali violated
These include access 10 highways
railways. airports and other com
municatien facilities. All British
prisoners will be released.
One sidelight on the month-lone
war was the hitherto undiscloSed
role of the American minister
Paul Knabenshue.
Some 100 Britons took refuge in
the American legation While
they were there, the Rashid AL
government threatened 10 bomb
all British citizens in Bagdad II
British planes bombed the city.
The Britons in the American
legation volunteered 10 leave the
building 10 prevent it from being
bombed but Knabenshue refused
10 LEI Them leave
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-06-02

truths we hold to be eternal
These are the rights of the minor
ity. of the individual himself,
which cannot be frustrated.
These, in essence. are based
upon the moral law which, in the
last analysis. will come TO judge
even the state itself.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-06-02

fusion which haS-fnade etenLthe
wisest adult hestitant and per-
picked
THE spectacle OF sudden death
for nations many centuries old.
the shock OF this colossal machine
war. the unparalleled threat OF
world domination by the new
Paganism-all these make difficult
the attainment Of that singleness
Of purpose and that faith in our
selves so necessary TO a sound ma
tional life.
But when our chief has pro-
nounced the solemn words, i de-
clare an unlimited emergency the
duty OF every American is plain
We pledge allegiance 10 our f1ae
and 10 the republic for which IL
stands.
But in this very act OF ALE
glance, in this pledge Of devotion
which you and / and all loyal
Americans make we state clearly
that our constitutional rights OF
free speech. OF free assembly and
our freedom of religious worship
shall be maintained in all respects
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-06-02
HAIL OF DESTRUCTION

Sometimes there would be as
many as 500 German plares in
the air at one time-all spewing
down a veritable hell Of bombs
and machine guns on the earth.
One cvacuee said he counted
300 bombs in a single two-hour
Istrafing during which the British
had to take shelter in caves. in
'ravines and in gulleys-any place
that offered protection from the
death-dealing blasts.
All the soldiers told stories of
the utter disregard of the Ger
mans for their own losses and
even praised the efficiency of the
German aerial arrangements. One
trooper said he saw German
-hoWitzers landed by parachute.
Many of the survivors spoke
with awe in their voices of one
bearded royal marine, Lance Cor.
poral Neil. who was last seen with
two companions near Cane
fighting it out with the huff.
waite.
Neil was in command OF Bofers
gun and a truck loaded with am.
munition.
AS the soldiers told II. he was
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-06-02
GERMANS DISAGREE

NEW YORK. June 2.--(INS)-
The German radio claimed today
that fighting was continuing in all
parts of Iraq with the exception
of the Bagdad area. In a broad
cast picked up in New York by
CHS. the German announcer said
that the Anglo-Iraqi armistice APP
piled only 10 the Bagdad district