davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1941-06-27

$1,000; eight air, $4,000; total,
1,1s5, 900.
In the Far East the 1st Army
was credited with IL infantry divi-
sions OF 100000 men: seven cavalry
51,100; three tank, 1o,5o0; three air
10,500; total, 3l2,100.
The I'd Red Banner Army. also
in the Far East, was rated as pos
sessing % infantry divisions. 0,00C
men; three cavalry, 2l,900; eight
tank, $4,000, and seven air, 24,50o;
total, 5l4,40O.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-10-08
Truth About Coal Shortage

News stories have been circulated in- dicating that there is fear there will be a shortage of bituminous coal due to ln- ability of railroads to transport sufficient quantities to consumers before winter sets in. Commenting on this, an out standing bituminous operator says the country's coal supply is low due to the April strike and July miners holiday. He points out that the American railroads could have handled 35 to 40 million ad- ditional tons of coal in April, for storage, but for the strikes; and that it is serious mistake to try to place the blame for any coal shortage thatTnay develop, where it does not belong,
 During May, June, and July, this eX- pert says, the railroads could have trans ported an additional five to ten million tons of coal per month, if it had been produced Despite the increasing demands the arms drive will make on our railroads, there are no grounds for anticipating a transportation failure Adequate pro- duction of coal for the homes and fact tories of this country is now imperlled by the 7-hour day and 35-hour week. The 35-hour week was adopted during the depression, when demand for coal was abnormally low. Today the demand for coal is abnormally high-yet the 35-hour week remains in effect.
 It is estimated that an 8-hour day and 40-hour week would increase soft coal production by 10 to 12 per cent. If demand should substantially increase in the future, it could be met by extending the week to 42 or 45 hours. Certainly, a working week of such length, during this time of emergency, would be no hardship on coal miners or any other workers, who would receive proportionately increased pay. Production, and plenty of it, is es- sential to the swift completion of the defense program, and the protection of every home and individual in the land.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-10-08
The American Story

Much of the talk nowadays is of the commodity shortages caused by war prior itieS. In world at war, military needs necessarily come first and civilian needs second. Not enough attention has been paid to the remarkable fact that, in spite of the magnitude of our arms effort the American people have been caused so little discomfort. Everywhere else in the world the Strictest kind of rationing is the rule. Only in the United States is there abun- dance of all the necessities and many of the luXuries.
 That is partly due to the fact that this is rich country possessed of boundleSS resources But resources in the raw are of value to no one. They must be pro- duced, proceSsed, manufactured, distribu- ted before they can contribute to econ- omic and social life. It is American private enterprise in the manufacturing field which is producing the tools of war in an ever-increaSing Stream-and at the same time producing enough of the tools of peace to maintain the highest standard of living on earth.
 It is American private enterprise in the raw material field which is producing those vital commodities-oil, metals, coal, timber, etc.,-which fuel and supply our factories. It is American private enter prise in the merchandising field which is making available to all the people the food, clothing and household goods which they enjoy in infinitely greater abundance than the people of any other land. You may patronize big store or little store, a chain store or an independent store whichever 1t is, it represents miracle of service, efficiency and economy
 It is American private enterprise in the service field-transportation, light and power, communication, etc.-whichl Is rendering still another unsurpassed and essential contribution to the preservation, protection and maintenance of the Am erican system. That is the American story the story of American private enter prise, in a thousand fields of activity. 1t is responsible for our greatness as a nation. It is responsible for the creation of a defense machine which will make us the foremost military power.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-10-08
Protector" Qualifications

Of all possible titles for the man chosen to hold the Czechs in subjection, the Nazis would have to choose protector" It is their protector" who is marching the cream of Czech patriots before the muzzle of Nazi firing squads. Well qualified for establishing such protection" is Rein hard Heydrich, newest appointee to the title. AS a boy of IS he learned brawling as a member of the Free Corps in his native Halle, in the days when rival bands of Communist and Nationalist roughs streets. At 23 he was an efficient operative in the navy intelligence branch. An origi- nal Nazi, he quickly understudied Himm- Ter, and now vies with him for the chance to become the Fouche of the Nazi Revolu- tion It is an epic of Nazi success to be entrusted at 37 with the effort to outblot the terror of the French Revolution.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-10-08
"Vn In VenszueIa

The ''v" movement is strong in Vene- zuela Not the one you've been hearing about in connection with the war. This one started in 1888, and it is the Venezuelan equivalent of the widespread "4-H" Clubs for American farm youth. Instead of the familiar Head, Heart, Hands, Health" that form rallying point for rural youth in the north, Venezuelan youth have their "5-V' Clubs. To them the Five Vs stand for Valor (courage), Vigor (vigor) Verdad (truth), Verguenza (modesty), and for their native Venezuela. In Puerto Rico, too, 7200 are now enrolled in similar clubs. while Cuba, too, has it's "5-C" Clubs: Cerebro (head), Corazon (heart), Cooperation (cooperation), Civismo (civic spirit), and Cuba.
 Thus it is pleasant to note that an American youth movement which has done so much for the free development of rural youth, is spreading among the Good Neighbors to the south, and spread ing not as an insidious penetration, but as spontaneous and parallel develop ment,
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-10-08
One Price to Soldiers

Profiteering is always and in any case a nasty business. There is one phase of it that is even worse than the ordinary variety. That is the effort to profiteer at the direct expense of soldiers. During the recent Arkansas Louisiana maneuvers, it was noted by officers that wherever the troops appeared there was tendency for prices to shoot up, and for one set of prices to exist for civilians, one price for soldiers.
 Communities in which large numbers tect their own names against any such charges by taking local measures to pre- vent 1t. To profiteer on the small pay of soldiers on active duty is not thing in which any community will take much pride.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-10-08
Landing at Spitzbergen

While the joint landing at Spitzbergen of Canadian, Norwegian, and British troops is not a matter of great immedi- ate military importance, it is important in another way. For the first two years of World War II, Germany had the of- fensive. The British, for lack of full un- derstanding of what was going on, and handicapped by Scruples, let Norway Hol- land, and other opportunities go by.
 Now they are first in Iraq, in Syria, in Iran, and first in Spitzbergen. It is a welcome change. It shows alertness. Spitzbergen is nothing in itself. But as an island base at the top of the world above Norway and northern Russia it opens the way to either if opportunity offers. In a war, as in boxing match, much goes to him who gets in the first punch. It is delight to see, after so many defensive counters, few cases where the forces of freedom have at last gotten in that first punch.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-10-08


 Secretary Hull's press confer ence is still the most international scene in the entire capital. It brings together, elbow to elbow, the peaceful newsmeii who rep resent their warning countries.
 In Hull's birthday group were Joe Chiang and David Lu, both Chinese, Henri dc Longfief of Ha- vas (French) News Agency, Kurt Sell of the German News Agency, Masuo Kato and Clarke Kawa- kalni, both of Domei (Japanese) News Agency, Denys Smith of the London Daily Telegraph, Sol Hirsch of Reuters of London, Law renee Todd of TasS (Soviet) News Agency, and so on around the table.
 Many of their countries were at war or violently hated each other. Yet 1t was to this international cIub' of newsmen that Hull said he had never been associated with a more agreeable group. SACHS AND SAKS
 Sidney Weinberg tells story on how Bill Knudsen made a mis- take about Weinberg'S Wall Street connections.
 When Weinberg came to Wash. ington to join the OPM, Knudsen was asked by newsmen what he meant by bringing these Wall Street bankers into his shop.
 "Who do you mean?" said Knudscn.
 sidney Weinberg"
 "Is he . banker?" said Knud- sen, scratching his head.
 "Sure, he runs Goldman, Sachs & Co.
 "Oh gosh!" said Knudsen, T thought that was a department store.
 Apparently the "Great Dane" had confused Goldman Sachs with "Saks, Fifth Avenue. SOCIAL SECURITY CHANGES The Presidents special message to Congress on broadening the So- cial Security Act is still in rough- draft form, but here are some of the specific major changes 1t will recommend:
 l. To expand greatly the
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-10-08

This year many of our more conserva- tive people will be made unhappy in those states where the new Thanksgiving is in order. For two years now the date was advanced one week in the interests of the Thanksgiving Christmas interim. especially here in New England, where folks value their traditions very highly. Likewise, the observing of the holiday on both dates was highly confusing. Thanks giving this year will again be the week preceding the last of November but in 1922 there will be a return to the old date, as the House has passed resolu- tion designating the last Thursday in No- vember as Thanksgiving. In all probabil- ity states will follow along with this ruling. The president has declared him. self as deciding that the advanced date did not help, appreciably, the Christmas shopping.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-10-08

their vacation parents held them by the hand and seemed as proud of them as if they had been their own.
 could not help but think what fine lot of folks Americans are. We criticize our people sometimes, but there probably has never lived on the face of the earth a group of people having more kindly impulses than do these, our contemporaries and fellow citizens.
 There was no reward offered, no board bill paid. The whole thing was an adventure in good will.
 One little girl was asked what she wanted to take back to the city with her, and she gave an answer that Is worth pondering. T want 8 bag of dirt" she said, "the dirt that the pretty flowers and trees grow out of." She was expressing an impulse which next to that of parental love Is the deepest thing in our natures, namely, humanity's desire to make contacts with the soil tfrom which we have come and to which we shall all return"
 Au Rights Babson News paper Syndicate
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-10-08

title his wife or other benefit
 ciary to a pension. Under
 the Presidents plan, all these
 periods would be reduced, thus
 greatly extending the scope of
 pension eligibility.
 Roosevelt also is being strongly urged to lower the pension age from 65 to 60. Moguls of the So- cial Security Board are opposed to this, but supporters of the
 various pension movements are vigorously for 1t. If the Presi- dent does not recommend 1t in { his message, a determined effort will be made to change the age- figure in Congress
 NOTE - Most interesting prob lem being threshed out behind- the-scenes Is the manner of col- lecting the tax on domestic help. To relieve housewives with one or two servants from keeping books, the President has suggest ed the use of social security stamps that can be bought at post of- fices.
 CAPITAL CHAFF
 In OPM's forthcoming campaign to conserve strategic materials, one undecided question Is whether to appoint Dick Powell, movie star, to head the drive for saving old lipsticks for their. metal |. The Henderson Office (Office of Price Administration has already outgrown four buildings in turn, and is expected to move again. The staff now numbers 900, may go to 2,000 Henderson's in- ner' circle of advisers consists of only four men - John E. HamIn, deputy administrator David Gins beurgh, general counsel; pr. John K. Galbraith, director of opera tions; and Joseph L. Weiner, dep- uty director, in charge of Civilian supply ... Weiner, age 3o, Is the oldest of four -. Alice Hager of CAA, after an air tour of Brazil as guest of President Vargas, Is writing Q book on Brazii's avia- ton, titled Frontier by Air" .. State Department switchboard is so busy that operators are in- structed not to let incoming calls wait for an opening. They say, .''The line is busy, sir, please call again."
 Copyright. 1s4l, by United
 Feature Syndicate, Inc)
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-10-08

Everyone travels alike in the London (England) area today. Whereas some have formerly travelled de luxe which IS first class now they must travel third class, since first class has been discon- tinued for the time being. This is one more luxury denied those living in Eng land. Second class, that happy medium has been out for several years. However, more English people travelled second and third class than first. Travelling first was putting on the dog little too much.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-10-08
In Today's Mail
LOUIS BRANDETS THE FATHER OF SAVINGS BANK LIFE
 INSURANCE
Hartford, Conn.,, Oct. 2, i94l.

Hartford, Conn.,
 Oct. 2, i94l.
 Editor of The Democrat:
 Upon the death of MT. Justice Louis D. Brandeis, the American people pay homage to one of the foremost liheral-minded men who ever graced the United States Su- preme court. The people of Con- necticut, this year, through the legislature, erected living nloru- ment, more enduring than granite, to the memory of Louis D. Bran deis.
 'The Father of Savings Bank Life Insurance" is the title be- slowed upon Justice Brandeis, for the great social experiment that he devised, his greatest achieve ment. Massachusetts passed an act in 1907, New York followed in l938 and in the l941 Connecticut legis- lature, the most progressive of such measures was enacted into law for the benefit of low-income groups of people. The business will start operating in Connecticut through number of savings banks within a very short time.
 Individual initiative and private enterprise are the keynotes of the s. B. L. I. system. An individual will be able to purchase life in- surance, over . the counter. at & tremendous reduction in cost In comparison to weekly payment 0n- dustriaD life insurance. Each per- son in the average workingman's family will be able to carry an adequate amount of life insurance protection and the substantial sav- lngs in premiums Gan average Of $50. per year in the average fam- ilyl will become purchasing pow- CT for the other necessities of fife or become 6 savings available in times os family emergencies.
 Such happy circumstances in the lives Of tens of thousands of fame ilies will become an enduring monu- ment to tho genius og Louis D. Brandels.
 HARRY Q. COHEN.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-10-08

scope of the law, thereby in- cluding 27,000,O00 additional workers - maritime labor, don- estics, self-employers, casual and part workers, employees of non -profit organizations such as foundations and churches by the act, these additions will bring the total up to around 70,000000.
 ?. Increase the joint employ er-employe payroll tax from 2 to { per cent the first year, with graduated raises thereafter. This is counted on to act as a brake on imitation during the current big-spending defense emergency and as Q cushion against an economic tailspin afterwards.
 3. Temporary and permanent disability payments. The law now provides insurance for un- employment, but contains no protection for physical incapa- city.
 {. Raise the federal share of old-age assistance benefits paid by the states, which are now matched 5o-50 by the federal government. The act limits this federal contribution to $20 month, but only one state, Call fornia meets this maximum fig ure. It's the Presidents aim to change this rigid system 50 as to increase the federal con- ti1bution in the poorer states, probably through Q per-capita wealth formula, so as to enable pensioners in these states to get 8 bigger monthly check.
 s. Gut the period of time an employe has to work in order to be eligible for q retirement pen- sion. At present the require- ment Is 66 years of age plus employment 30 per cent of the time since January 1, 1887. Also in event of his death before 65, the recipient must have worked at least l8 months out of the last three years to en-
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-10-08
Questions
 and Answers
YOUR QUEaTTOlle ANsWERED

&UUS QUEo1AONS ANSWENA'V
 The Waterbury Democrats Ser
 vice Bureau win answer for you
 free, any question Of fact or he
 formation, not involving exten- slve research. Write y0ur, qucgs
 tSon clearly, sign name and sd- dress, enclose Q three cent postage
 asamn, Medical OF legal adviCe
 cannot be given. Address Water bury Democrats Washington Ser
 Vice Bureau, 1913 Thirtecm2
 Street, Washington, D. c.
 a Has newspaper circulation in creased in the last few years2
 A. The number of daily news napers in the United States has de creased from 2,036 to 1877 siilce 1923, but total circulation has M. creased. Approximately 9,5OOOOO more daily papers are sold than m 1923 and l0,7O0 900 more on sunday
 @. How may rust be removed from nickelplated articles?
 A. Cover them with oil or grease and allow 1t to remssn on 5 or | days. then rub them with . rag soaked in ammonia. This usually wifi dissolve the rust without at tacking the nickel. If the rust IS ohstinate, try very dilute hyrdro- chloric acid, and immediately after ward rub with a cloth so that the rickeling may not be affected. Then wash, dry well, and polish with tripoli or whiting.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-10-08

a. What are some of the slogans that have been used by the Treas. ury Department in seiIing deIense savings bonds?
 A. Buy Q Share in Aznetica":: "Lend to Defend; Lets Guard America": "FIelp Amertca by Help ing Yourself"; The United StateS is Your Best investment" are some of them.
 e. Who was the first Clark horse" to be elected President2
 A. James K. Polk.
 e. How many times was the mother of British Prime Minister winston Churchill married? when did she die? A. Lady Randolph Churchill, mother of the Prime Minister, was married for the second time m 1000. to George Corvallis West She divorced him in 1913 and, m 1918 took her third husband Mon" tague Porch. She died June 29, 10S1 in London.
 o. What is meant by the hilum of the kidney?
 A. The hilum is the part Of . gland or of certain organs where the blood and nerves enter.
 O. am an alien resident of the United States and all my papers are in order. Tn June I obtained Q re. entry permit to visit Canada ana return to this country. Can the same permit be used to visit Canaoa this winter?
 A. A new permit must be ob" tained.
 o. HOW much is the round "trip fare by plane from New York e Bermuda? ah.
 A. One hundred and twenty dol- lars.
 @. When was machine gun syn chronized with an airplane propeller used first? Who was the inventory
 A. The method was used first by Germany during World Warl, ana was invented by Anthony Fokker, designer of the Fokker airplane.
 EDITORS NOTE: If you are desirous of securing this weeks uopular booklet "L E T T E R WRITER'S GUIDE" address F. M. Kirby, Dept. B-l09 Waterbury Democrat Service Bureau, 1OlS Thirteenth st., Washington. D. O., with ten cents to cover post. age.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-10-08

Speaking of Thanksgiving it is brought to our attention that the turkeys this year will be bigger and better. And they will also be more expensive. New York farms will furnish over four hundred thousand birds. Even more will come from the west, and our own New England will also furnish a sizable supply. The average turkey will, this year, be all of one quar- ter of pound heavier than last years bird.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-10-08

vate Purkey for c Darbury paper. It is written of Bailey that he was the first columniSt and that he in- vented the mother-in-law and stove- pipe jokes. Six volumes of his hu- mor-much of it ephemeral, as most newspaper humor is-are listed. He was tall, handsome, so religious that he would not write on Sunday, so mercurial that he went quickly from gayety to gloom, so generouh that he gave away most of an tn- come that reached $40,OOO a yeag
 He loved jokes and dogs and noVs
 wore a necktie except at his wed
 ding: He made Danbury 3amoY
 and nothing could lure him from SA
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-10-08
Press Comment
DANBURY's GREAT MAN
(New York sun>

N4NSW ava 0AAH
 In 1873 the population of Dan- bury, where the hats come from and the fair is held, was about 1000. The circulation of the Danbury News, weekly in January of that year was 1920 (pretty darn good, as any country publisher of the period would have Said). In the following September the circulation was 30.000 The sudden rise, probably the most amazing in the history of journal ism, was due entirely to the genius of the owners of the News, James Montgomery Bailey, who had be- gun writing a humorous column over the signature of 'srhe Danbury News Man.. 8 name which quickly ly became famous wherever English was read. He was born a hundred years ago today. At 20 he joined the Union Army and, until his cap- ture at Gettysburg was sort of Pri-
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-10-08
Current Comment

The closed shop or any equivalent thereof is un-American and monop- olistt:. and interferes with the inc dividual freedom granted to all our people. under the Constitution. Albert ". Hawkes.. president Q.
 6. Chamber og Commerce.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-10-08
Whats Your I. O.?

Can you answer seven of these test questions? Turn to back page for the answers.
 1. Gan swans ny7 ?. Rife bullets will not penetrats a c-ocodlle's hide; true or false?
 8. The capital of Maine is Aug uSta, Bangor or Orono?
 {. Who wrote "Tne Gold Bug"9 5. Naming the points of Q com. pass in order is called - the compass. 6. What kind of beer Is symbol ized by a goat?
 T. What is the Latin phrase meaning "a reason for war;? 8. The 1941 Santa Anita handicap was w by Seabiscuit, Bay View or Challedon?
 g. Name the first president of the United States who had false teeth. 10. Which American colony did Peter Stuyvesant govern?
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-10-08
Daily Almanac
Moon rises 7:so p, m.

Moon rises 7:3o p, m.
 Sun rises 5:55 a. m: sets SPA ?. m.
 All vehicles must be lighted thirty minutes after sunset.
 New England's foliage display Is said to be as fine this year as ever before, although this would seem to be odd in view of the lack Of moisture. On account of this same lack Of rain leaves are apt to drop off much quicker this month than they might ordinarily.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-10-08
Selected Poem
FAREWELL TO THE AQUARIUM

(Al Graham in the New York Sum Farewell, O Castle Clinton! name
 shall not soon forget-although I don't see why; for of its fame,
 As little as the next I know. Farewell, O Castle Garden! spot
 Where once that nightingale sublime, Miss Jenny Lind, was heard-but not, Of course by me. Before my time. Farewell. O Hippocampus, kid!
 At least had glimpse Of you. Yea, little sea horse, let me bid
 You au revoir-and tcodle-ool
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-10-08

had occasion to
 be at a railroad
 station when a Large group of tn e se youngsters were going back to the city. It was a
 scene of co d c cheer, touched with the shadow of sadness @ t parting. Children of different races nsoro ti1pro and