davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1941-01-22
Germans Bomb kargate,
On Thames Estuary
Bs the Associated Press.

Bs the Associated Press.
BERLIN, Jan. 22.-Bombs dropped
by German combat plane today
on Margate, at the entrance of the
Thames estuary, caused spreading
fires and big explosions on the
quayside and harbor buildings. in
formed German sources reported.
The attacking plane was said to
have dropped its explosives from
"the lowest altitude
Nazi bombers damaged a British
merchant ship so badly she was
abandoned by her crew west of Ire
land and then sank a tug rushing
to aid the vessel, the German high
command reported.
In reconnaissance flights over
England yesterday. the communique
said, German fighting planes sue
cessfully bombed war vital targets
In London and Southeast England,
such as a flyers camp"
A combat flying group was cred
tied by the high command with
sinking 145,200 tons of shipping
IN attacks during an unspecined
period on British merchant vsssels.
Evening star., 1941-01-22
Roosevelt to Make Sixth Court
Selection, Tying Taft Record

They succeeded Willis Van De-
vanter, George. Sutherland, Benja-
min N. Cardozo, Louis D. Brandeis
and Pierce Butler. Justices Cardozo
and Butler died in office; the others
retired.
Even before the first change in
membership-owing to the retire.
ment of Justice Van Devanter on
June 2, 1s37-the tribunal had
started giving the Roosevelt admin
istration victories in most cases.
This trend has continued.
George Washington, as the first
President, named the six original
members of the court and filled
seven vacancies.
Ranking behind Mr.. Taft are An
drew jackson and Abraham Lincoln,
with five appointments each.
In recent years woodrow Wilson
named three justices, Warren G.
Harding four, Calvin Coolidge one
and Herbert Hoover three.
The tribunal started out in 1790
with six members, but the number
was raised to nine by Congress in
1869.
Evening star., 1941-01-22
WiIkie Off for Britain
TO Find Out What
Is Going On
6. o. P. Leader Flying
On Yankee Clipper
As Private Citizen
BY the Associated Press.

DS lHt hSSOSIdttC FISSS.
NEW YORK, Jan. 22.-Wendell L.
Willkie started for England aboard
a Clipper plane today as. in his
words, "a private citizen-an indi-
vidual determined to find out what
Is going on"
Il am going to England for a
few weeks" he told a crowd of ap-
proXimately 300 persons gathered to
see him off. II believe so strongly
that the survival of England is the
best assurance of keeping America
out of this war and I think we
should support the fighting men Of
Britain so that they can stop the
onslaught of Hitlerism.
II believe that if the fighting men
of Britain are able to hold out"
he added. I'VE will be able to pre-
serve the free way of life in Amer
lea. I hope that free men all over
the world will join to stop totali-
tarianism.
when come back I hope to have
something to say to the American
people
Going "On His Own"
The big flying boat pulled away
from the Marine Terminal at La
Guardia Field at $3.50 am, bound
for Bermuda and Lisbon. From
Lisbon. Mr.. Willkie is to fly to Lon
don on British Overseas Airways
plane.
Although he carried a personal
letter from President Roosevelt to
Prime Minister Churchill, the de-
feated Republican presidential can
(See WILLKIE, Page A-2D
Evening star., 1941-01-22

the National Museum and receive
cash for it. 1t is needed for study
purposes
There is a possibility, Mr.. Hender-
son said, that it may have fallen
in the Atlantic Ocean or that it may
have been entirely consumed before
it struck the earth. AS such a body
enters the heavier atmosphere close
to the surface the heat generated
by its friction with the air consumes
it very rapidly.
But it is entirely possible, Mr.
Henderson said, that at least a small
fragment remains somewhere in
Southern Maryland and he urges
that people be on the lookout for it.
1t will appear as stone. probably
small one, which when lifted will
seem much too heavy for its size.
1t will be cold and probably was
cold within a few minutes after it
struck the ground, it was explained
Such an object burns so rapidly
that the heat does not have time to
penetrate the inner layers.
All who saw 1t fall, Mr.. Hender-
son said. are urged to search the
locality where, according to their
best Judgment, it should have struck
the earth.
Evening star., 1941-01-22
Py the Associated Press.

Es tne ASSOCldteQ fIeSS.
Retirement of Justice James c.
McReynolds gave President Roose-
welt an opportunity today to make
his sixth appointment to the
Supreme Court.
This ties the existing record estab-
lished by President Taft, except for
the appointments made by President
George Washington during the first
years of the tribunal.
One of the Taft appointments,
however, was the promotion of
Associate Justice Edward Douglass
White to be Chief Justice in 1910.
Strangely enough, all of President
Roosevelt's appointments came after
his first term. There was not a
single vacancy during his first four
years in the White House.
Those he has named to the
tribunal are Senator Hugo L. Black
of Alabama, Solicitor General
Stanley Reed of Kentucky, Felix
Frankfurter, Harvard law professor;
William o. Douglas. chairman of
the Securities Commission, and At
torney General Frank Murphy.
Evening star., 1941-01-22
Churchill Defends
Labor Draft, Citing
Overseas War Plan
Demand for Human Power
Next Six Months Will Be
Intense, Commons Told
(Tert OF Churchill speech, page Az

(Tert OF Churchill speech, page Al
3, the Associated Press.
LONDON. Jan. %. - Winston
Churchill disclosed today that be-
hind Britains decision to conscript
labor lies an intense demand in the
next six months for man and Wom-
an power TO supply an army on a
scale for fighting both overseas and
at home.
Before the House of Commons.
Mr.. Churchill said the size of the
army was settled within a few weeks
after war started that the only
change had been to provide equip
ment for 10 more divisions and that
the scale of the army is the same
as that in November, 1899 a
very large and formidable force both
for fighting overseas and defense. -
Now, he explained, this great
nation has got into its war stride"
and most of wartime munitions and
supply plants, planned in 1889 to
provide the army with all the
equipment it required in continuous
action on the continent of Europe
against the German enemy" are
coming into production
Defends Decision to Register.
The Prime Minister spoke in de-
fense of the governments decision.
as announced yesterday. to register
industrial man power for work in
war factories.
Counting the home guard, we
will have 100000 armed and uni
formed men who will all play part
in the defense of our hearths and
homes Mr.. Churchill declared.
The prime minister observed that
"an army that could be taken over
seas in the form of military units"
would be measured by different
standards from those at home.
All sorts of factories were set up
to provide this army with all it
would require in continuous action
against the Germans" he said.
In Is months of war thus far. the
nation has surpassed by 100000
workers the number employed in war
industries in 48 months of the World
War, Mr. Churchill said.
$4,000 Have Lost Lives.
Now after Is months of war, Mr..
Churchill said. between the great
est states armed with the most
deadly weapons not more than $4,000
(See CHURCHILL, Page A-4)
Evening star., 1941-01-22
Mine Blast Kills -Four,
IA Others Escape
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
WEIGH, w. Va, Jan. 22.-Four
men were killed and fourteen 9TH
ers injured today in an explosion
deep in the Carswell mine of the
koppers Coal Co., near Kimball.
The blast, which occurred about
4:30 am, trapped 18 men who were
loading coal on conveyers on the
night shift.
Twelve were taken to hospitals,
and two others escaped with minor
burns.
Five hours after the blast the
bodies of the dead had been re-
moved to a funeral home at Kim
ball, the nearest town.
The CarsWell mine is a shaft
operation and the explosion occurred
more than 2 miles underground.
Carl Michem, 43, foreman, said
from his hospital bed that he and
a crew OF nine we're loading coal on
q conveyor belt at the time of the
blast. He said he believed spark
from a cable ignited either dust or
cas-
Evening star., 1941-01-22
Radio Mixup Allows
Invading Bombers'
To Reach New York
Air Defense Command
Continues Tests in
Northeastern U. S.
By the Associated Press.


NEW YORK. Jan. 22.-Several
groups of invading enemy bomb
ers reached the New York City area
today due to faulty radio communi-
cations between land and intercepted
planes at the start of the second
day of aircraft warning service
tests by the Air Defense Command.
One bombing flight roared down
the Hudson River from the north
and a second came in from the sea
of Jones Beach on the Long Island
south shore, reaching objectives be-
fore interception could be made.
Invading forces were aided
somewhat by slightly overcast skies
in contrast to the good visibility dur
ing yesterdays opening day exer-
cises.
Four interceptions were missed
when pursuit flights remained
grounded at Mitchell Field through
some confusion in orders blamed
officially on faulty communication.
In New England more than 80 in
dustrial plants, hospitals and schools
underwent spasmodic make-believe
air raid" alarms. The alarms were
sounded in Auburn. Webster. Franz
ingham, Worcester, Salem and
Brockton. all in Massachusetts.
The last three of these were
bombed" by invaders yesterday in
the only three out of l9 separate in
vasions that temporarily outwitted
pursuit planes of the defense
Capt. Thomas j. Cody. command
ing officer at Chelsea Armory air
raid information center, said the
first "a hours of defense operations
in the area had been swell"
Even when make-believe hits we're
registered. it was pointed out. pur-
suit planes drove off the attacker
within minutes after the objective
was reached.
Besides eight interceptions or air
victories by pursuit planes roaring
at heights UP to 10000 feet, the air
defense forces counted two invasion
flights destroyed by anti-aircraft
batteries on the Rhode Island coast.
Evening star., 1941-01-22
House Unit Votes
S313,500,000 10 Build
200 New Cargo Ships
Admiral Land Expects
First Craft in II Months,
All of Them in "a
BY the Associated Press.

The House Appropriations Com
mittee today recommended an emer-
gency appropriation of s313 100000
to build 200 new cargo ships to meet
the threat of world shipping short
age caused by submarine and air at
tacks
President Roosevelt has said the
need was urgent.
The money would be turned over
to the Maritime Commission, which
already has begun preliminary work
on the program with s500000 from
the Presidents emergency fund and
a contract authorize ton of S36. .5OO,-
900.
OF a Simplified uniform design,
the new ships would cost a total of
S350,000000, including administra-
tive expense, and 36,000,000 for new
facilities to build them.
First Off Line in IL Months.
Admiral Emory S. Land. chairman
OF the commission, told the commit
tee during testimony made public
today that it was estimated the first
of the new ships would be completed
II months after the contract is let
and that the total program would
be finished in "a months.
Asserting that the sinking of mer-
chantmen by German submarine
and air attacks was the principal
reason for the new program, Admiral
Land testified another major cause
was the resultant exhaustion of this
countrys reserve of merchant ships.
I'VE are at the bottom of the last
page so far as the reserve fleet is
concerned" he said.
He told the committee that, as
of January l, total of 1871 ships
had been sunk since the start of
the current war, 633 of which were
British vessels.
In response to questions, Admiral
Land said AFRAID damage to Brit
(See NAVAL, Page AID
Evening star., 1941-01-22
HoIdup Nets Sl6,500
In Furs and JeweIry
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
CHICAGO, Jan. 22-Frrs and
jewelry, valued at more than s16,500
by the victims, was obtained by two
gunmen last night in a robbery
staged in swank section of the
near northside.
One of the victims was Mrs Rella
Factor, wife of John Factor, former
international stock salesman and
promoter and the victim of a SEN
sational kidnapping in 1888.
Police said Mrs. Factor, Mr.. and
Mrs. Simon Wexler and Mr.. and
Mrs. Joseph Schwartz were return
ing from a loop theater party when
the gunner accosted them as they
drove up in front of their hotel.
Evening star., 1941-01-22
British Troop Rotion
Of Meat Is Reduced
By the Associated Press.

BY the Associated PreSS.
LONDON, Jan. 22.-The daily
meat ration of British troops at
home was reduced from 10 to
ounces January 6, War Minister
H. D. R. Margesson disclosed today
The soldiers bread ration will be
cut from IL to 10 ounces and -four
from 21a to 2 ounces daily. effective
February /, Margesson said.
Evening star., 1941-01-22
Sd, 900 Italian Prisoners
Taken From North Africa
BY the Associated Press

BY the Associated Press
LONDON, Jan. 22.-The British
Admiralty announced tonight that
ships of the British Mediterranean
feet, cooperating with the land
and air forces in the Libyan cam
paign. had removed $4,000 italian
prisoners and huge supplies of war
booty from the North African war
theater.
This work. as we'll as the job of
keeping British troops supplied with
large quantities of stores and water
during part of the operations, was
carried out without loss, the Ad-
miralty said.
Evening star., 1941-01-22
U. S. Red Cross Agent
En- Route to Greece
By the Associated Press.

DJ VIt R1oSUNIdItU Icoo'
GENEVA. Switzerland, Jan. o.
John P. Thorn, representative Of
the American Red Cross at Geneva,
left for Greece today to supervise
distribution of Red Gross supplies
from the United States which are
expected there soon. One shipment
was sent from New York January 10.
Evening star., 1941-01-22
j. ). Resources Must
Be Kept Lined Up for
Arms, Knudsen Says
Little Sweat Now May
Save Blood Later,
State Officials Told

Declaring that all resources of
America must be kept lined up for
the defense program. William S.
Knudsen, director general of the
new Office Of Production Manage
ment, today told officials from 46
States If we are willing to spend
a little sweat for a year or so. then
We might save little blood later on. "
Speaking before the assembly of
the Council of State Governments.
the soft-voiced industrialist made
this appeal as he completed an ac-
count of the operations of the
o. P. M.
In his talk Mr.. Knudsen en-
phasiZed two points: That the pro-
gram is ''in reasonably fair shape"
so far as the production of machine
tools is concerned and that lin
another three months or so we
ought to have something to show in
the matter of quantity" On pro-
duction generally he had this COM
ment:
To-day we are making quite some
progress, but not enough. There is
no way we can produce in two or
three years what it took some one
six or seven years to do unless we
employ all the facilities that we
have that use standard machine
tools
Hillman Reports on Strikes.
After Mr.. Knudsen had concluded
the council was told by Sidney Hill
man. co-director of the o. P. NJ,
that labor difficulties have resulted
in but two "appreciable stoppages"
in the defense program. Illness pre-
vented Mr.. Hillman's attending the
meeting at the Mayf1ower Hotel and
his speech was read by Isadore Lu-
bin. his executive assistant.
Paul v. McNutt, Federal security
administrator, who has been named
co-ordinator for health and welfare
activities. told the meeting that
these twin problems constitute a
national emergency"
Warmly greeted as he appeared
(See GOVERNORS, Page A-5)
Evening star., 1941-01-22
Phillips Sees Ciuno
; the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
ROME. Jan. 22-United States
Ambassador William Phillips visited
Foreign Minister Count Galeazzo
Ciano today, presumably to obtain
information concerning the week.
end meeting of Premier Mussolini
and Adolf Hitler.
Evening star., 1941-01-22
By G. GOULD LINCOLN.

Senate Minority Leader McNary
today announced his opposition to
the administrations lease lend bill
in its present form because it
grants extraordinary and total pow
er to one person"
Concurrently, the measure was
denounced by Norman Thomas, four
times Socialist candidate for Presi-
dent, as "a bill to authorize unde-
clared war in the name of peace,
and dictatorship in the name of
defending democracy" Mr.. Thomas
gave his opinion at q hearing be-
fore the House Foreign Affairs Com
mittee, which he addressed as a
witness for the opposition to the bill.
Meanwhile, the Senate Foreign
Relations Committee decided to be-
gin public hearings on the legisla-
ton at 10 a m. Monday Chairman
George said Secretary Hull. who al
ready has appeared before the House
group, probably would be called as
first witness.
The Senate committee also de-
cided to assign to a single sub
committee two resolutions seeking
an inquiry into foreign propaganda
In this country. The group which
will attempt to merge them into a
single resolution, consists of Sena-
tors Harrison. Mississippi. chair
man: Connally, Texas; Barkley,
Kentucky. and Clark. Missouri
Democrats, and Vandenburg, Re-
publican, of Michigan.
Senator McNary. who was Wen
dell Wilkes running mate on the
1910 Republican ticket. stated his
position on his return to the Cap
ital for the first time since last
October 26.
The Oregon Senator declared he
was thoroughly in accord with the
principle Of extending all aid short
OF war to Great Britain. but said of
the lease-lend bill, this is not the
democratic way Of life and I ear
nestly hope that the bill may be
modified by appropriate commit
tees or after debate in the Con-
gresS."
Path to War Seen.
Mr.. Thomas charged that the
measure. if enacted into law, would
breach the walls of Democratic in
stitutions in this country and lead
to war.
Under questioning by Representa-
tive Fish, Republican, of New York
Mr.. Thomas also criticized Presi-
dent Roosevelts lifting of the moral
embargo on shipment of airplanes
to Russia. He declared it was "ap-
peasement of the first water" and
said he was not at all sure that any
materials Stain got from this coun-
try would not in the end 60 to
Hitler.
Mr.. Fish undertook, by series of
questions to Mr.. Thomas. to prove
that Mr. Willkie had repudiated an
original statement giving hearty in
dorsement to the lend-lease bill.
Mr.. Thomas, who was on the all
with Mr.. Willkie in the Town Hall
said that on one day Mr.. Willkie
had heartily Endorsed the bill and
on the next day had given quail
fled Endorsement.
Objections Raised.
Committee Democrats, led by
Representative johnson of Texas
objected to this line of questioning
Mr.. johnson inferred that the So
ciallst candidate for President was
indulging in a post-election squab-
Continued on Page A-3, Column L.
Evening star., 1941-01-22
McReyno|ds, New Deal Critic,
To Quit Supreme Court Bench
Feb. ! After 26-Yeor Service
Jackson Heads List
In Speculation on
His Successor

BACKGROUND
James C. McReynolds. Attor-
ney General under President
Wilson, 1Cas named to Supreme
Court August 20, 1914 He has
led colleagues in disapprouing
NeW Deal lapS that came before
tribunal. Since fue Roosevelt
appointments changed balance
OF opinion on court Mr.. Mercy
nolds has been only remaining
"conSerUdtipe" member.
Evening star., 1941-01-22
McNaryAppea|s
For Revision
Of Lease Bill
Measure Authorizes
UndecIored War,
Norman Thomas Says


American aid to Britain thus
far has been on a cdSh-dnd- carry
basis. Pending legislation, spon-
Sored by the administration,
10ould change this by eliminating
the cash factor and placing
American Advances in material
on loan basis. Greatest need OF
British at this time is believed to
be merchant ships. airplanes and
1Dar DeSSels in about that order.
Evening star., 1941-01-22
Summary of Todoy's Star

Foreign.
British mopping up Fascist resist
ance at Tobruk Page Al
Churchill defends labor draft, citing
overseas war plan. Page Al
r. A. F. planes pound Italian build
ings at Elbasani base. Page Al
Turks warn axis against any threat
to European border. Page Al
Soviet states anew neutral policy on
Lenin anniversary. Page AS
Two Japanese ships are reported
sunk in Yangtze River. Page A-19
Notionol.
Resources must be lined up for arms,
Knudsen says. Page Al
McNary and Norman Thomas de-
nounce lease-lend bill. Page Al
Willkie off for Britain on Yankee
Clipper. Page Al
President seen setting up agency for
economic defense. Page AZ
Cargo ship appropriation voted by
House committee. Page Al
Plane experts insist auto plants can't
speed engines. Page AZ
Peace hopes fade after inconclusive
Thai-French talks Page A
National campaign to stress scientific
eating planned here. Page Al
Evening star., 1941-01-22

(See TOBRUK, Page A-4.)
Evening star., 1941-01-22

(See NAVAL, Page AID
Evening star., 1941-01-22

(See WILLKIE, Page A-2)
Imperial Valley press., 1941-08-14

If there is one keynote in the
way Americans are thinking these
days, it is probably resentment.
1t is pretty late in the day for
that, but it seems to linger deeply
in the American mind. We resent
the fact that Europe and Asia went
to war at all disturbing Jne peace
of the world. We resent the fact
that it should be necessary for
Americans to do military service;
resent the fact that now it seems
necessary for them to do more
of it than was at first hoped. We
resent higher taxes and priorities,
and the inability to buy silk stock
ings. We resent not being able to
burn all the gasoline we would like
to burn, and we resent being called
upon to give up this or that little
convenience. We resent being dis
turbed; after all, we want only to
be let alone. Why does the world
insist on intruding upon us?
All that is natural and human,
not merely American, but it is get
ting very late for us to indulge in
it. The more we sit back and allow
ourselves to stew in this resentful
mood, the more We blind ourselves
-
the Dutch, and the Danes and
Chinese and Greeks didn't want
anything from anybody, either.
Many, many of their people were
resentful, too, By what right did
these turbulent ruffians come pour
ing over their borders-people
whom they had never injured, peo-
pie with whom they wanted M
Imperial Valley press., 1941-08-14
ARE WE STILL APPEASING

Two japanese tankers are in Los An
geles harbor waiting to load cargoes of
diesel fuel oil before departing for Jap
an. Between them, they can carry 10000
barrels of cargo fuel. Fuel which may,
if all the warnings coming out of Wash
ington are to be believed, be used within
the next few months in machines max
ing war on the United States.
The people of the United States We're
given to understand a couple of weeks
ago that this country is through supply
ing war materials to Japan. President
Roosevelt himself admitted that the ad-
ministration for two years had tried ap-
peasing Japan to prevent further ag-
gression in the Orient, and that the ap-
peasement had failed.
Yet We still allow Japan access to dies
el fuel, which she can convert by her own
processes into fuel for planes and other
engines of war
Are we still appeasing, even after ap-
peasement failed?