davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1941-06-26
The Political Mill
Finland Uses Germany as Weapon to Defend
Democracy, While u S. Looks to Soviet

land and Russia. That probably
is what Finland would like to
have happen. Finland and the
Firms are democratic. They con-
slider they are fighting for de-
mocracy in their opposition to
Communist Russia. In their last
war with Russia, that Is what
every one believed in this coun-
try.
Reason for Suspicion.
The Firms have been compelled
to look upon the Soviet with sus-
picion, before and ever since
their last war. They made to the
Soviet certain concessions as the
price of peace. 1t was not long,
however, until the Soviet govern
ment made new demands, en-
tirely outside of the peace terms.
1t become apparent that the
Soviet intended to do by pressure
and compulsion what they had
not been able to do by war
entirely crush FINLAND. The
Firms, however, were firm in their
refusal.
The desire of Finland was to
remain at peace. This was
stated emphatically by her Off
cials. But Finland is blocked
off from the rest of the world,
from a military point of view,
in a war between Germany and
Russia. She occupies position
on the flank of both these
countries. She is in a position
where she may be invaded by
one or both the belligerents at
any time. Already she has
been under attack by one.
1t was inconceivable that
Finland would become an ally
of the Soviet in this new war
although Finland is not pro-
Nazi. Even as temporary ex-
pedient, alliance with Russia was
for the Firms unthinkable. Fin
land was under Russian domina-
ton for 108 years, and the feel
ing of the Firms against the
Russians was intensified by the
war last year. If Russia should
be the winner against Germany,
Finland, even if she sided with
Russia in the conflict, would
have always the sword of Damo-
cles hanging over her head, and
it would probably descend quick
ly. Finland would be gobbled
up again by Russia.
Germany Their Weapon.
Finland is one of the few de-
mocracies remaining in the
world. Why should the anti
democratic Soviet government
Evening star., 1941-06-26
~
A.; y 80
~ s%a;1

growing out of the last World
War and its aftermath. When
Finland in 1939-l940 came to
grips with Russia, all the SYM
pathy of the American people
went to the Firms. AS much
practical aid as possible was
given them by the Government
and people of the United States.
When, after a resistance that
amazed Europe, Finland was
forced to yield to her huge op-
ponent, America helped Finland
bind her wounds.
Strange BedfeIlows.
Just what position this coun-
try will take, if and when Fin
land sends her army against the
Soviet, has been puzzling officials
of the State Department. This
Government may declare her a
belligerent and aligned with Ger
many and against the Soviet,
which President Roosevelt has
said is to receive whatever aid
America can send her. In the
twinkling of an eye the United
States, which has been taught
to despise the Soviet government
ever since Stain made a non
aggression pact with Hitler more
than a year ago, is now expected
to join with Russia to defeat
the Nazis. This is declared to be
the realistic" thing to do, in the
interest of Hitler defeat and of
the long range defense of
America. 1t may be, but it smells
to high heaven. Especially in
the light of the determination of
the Communists of the Russian
Soviet to bring about a world
revolution" and particularly a
revolution in the United States.
War, like politics, makes strange
bedfelloWs, but none stranger
than Uncle Sam and Comrade
Joe" Stain.
This Government is at liberty,
if it wishes, to ignore the fighting
which is going on between Fin
Evening star., 1941-06-26

their industrial centers and the
source of their raw material TO
fell into the enemy's hands, their
power of resistance will be seri-
ously jeopardized.
The destruction of towns and
villages, as was done to hamstring
Napoleon, will be of little aid to
the Russians this time. In fact,
the Germans are doing the job
for them. If the Reich we're in
immediate, desperate need for
food, there is no question that
destruction of food stuffs would
worry the German high COM
mand. But the real sufferers
would be the Russians them
selves.
The only thing that can save
the U. S. S. r. is the possibility
that its army can attain a stale
mate until Russia's new and
potential allies can start an effec-
tive bombing of Germany's indus
trial centers and thus weaken
seriously the Reich's industrial
potential.
Evening star., 1941-06-26

be willing to let her remain as
a democracy, if Russia wins
against Germany? The answer
is, it would not.
Finland was ready to oppose
either Germany or Russia, in
the event either or both at
tackled her. When Russia
launched an attack by air on
Finland, a couple Of hours after
Germany had gone to war with
Russia, the die appeared to be
cast, so far as Finland is con-
cerned. The Firms insist they
are fighting to defend democ-
racy" in their war against Rus
sia. If they use Germany as a
weapon in that war, it is scarce
ly more inconsistent than Brit
ain and the United States using
Communist Russia as a weapon
TO defend democracy" in the
war against Germany.
Evening star., 1941-06-26

the C. I. o. now insists that en-
ployers must begin to exert pres
sure on each other whenever the
closed shop unions crack the whip.
The Southern operators have
been defeated by the economic pres
sure which the mine workers union
first applied when they told the
Northern operators that the differ
entail in Southern wages would not
be permitted to continue in the
South. This drove a wedge between
the Northern and Southern opera
tors and ultimately the National
Defense Mediation Board, facing a
realistic situation, urged the
Southerners to capitulate. Not
satisfied with this 100 per cent vic
tory, the mine workers leaders now
go further. They threaten to
penalize the u Southern district
operators because the 18th in
terprets the mediation boards find
ings as the IL originally did. Here
is a situation calling for courage on
the part of the mediation board.
It's own findings are at stake. What
do these findings mean? Why should
Evening star., 1941-06-26

another coal strike be permitted be-
cause a big union wants to or
ganize district where it has met
employers who do not see eye to
eye with the union chiefs on the
closed shop issue.
Some day the emergency will be
over and there will be a showdown
in the coal fields. Maybe the mine
workers are goading the operators
of the South to the point where
eventually they will risk q strike
on the withdrawal of the check-off-
the enforced collection Of dues
which keeps the c. I. o. alive. For
it is well known that the miners of
America supply the funds which are
loaned to the G. I. o. for the carry
ing on of unionization movements in
other industries. Meanwhile, the
power of a union monopoly is being
exhibited in full view to the Ameri-
can people-a monopoly that in
effect looms larger than the Govern
ment of the United States, itself,
whose appeal for cessation of
strikes goes unheeded.
(Reproduetion Rights Reserved.
Evening star., 1941-06-26

treme low water Mai. G. Fielding Eliot.
which made the rivers of Poland
almost useless to the Poles as de-
fense lines in September, 1889.
Forests, standing crops, villages
afford some cover from air observa-
ton for troops at rest: there is little
such cover for moving troops in the
daytime. The nights are short,
limiting the use of night as a cover
for movement-thus in the latitude
of Leningrad there will be but five
and one-fourth hours between SUM-
set and sunrise on July /, and in the
latitude of Kiev but seven and
three-fourthS hours. The weather
is likely to be very hot; the short
Russian spring is over. In most of
the area where initial operations
may be expected to take place. July
is wet month, however. This may
serve to temper the heat somewhat;
it will also serve to make difficult
the use Of the dirt roads by motor
lied elements.
OF the roads of the Soviet Union,
only few are paved, and these are
not in the best condition. The most
important paved roads in the west
are those from Minsk to Moscow and
the north-south road from Lenin-
grad to Kiey, which crosses the
Minsk- Moscow road near Vitebsk.
The Leningrad- Moscow road is also
paved.
This scarcity of good roads gives
the railways a higher degree of
Importance from the military point
of view than prevails in areas where
motor transport can be more read
lily used. The Russian railways have
different gauge from the stand
ard-gauge railways of Western Eu-
rope, hence in any German ad-
vance into Russia the Germans
would at first be restricted in their
use Of the railways to the extent
to which they were able to capture
Russian locomotives and rolling
stock, though given time the excel
lent German engineers can change
the gauge of the lines. The farther
the Germans penetrate, the greater
the demands on their motor trans
Evening star., 1941-06-26
This Changing World
Russion Retreat Strategy Declared Useless;
Generals Mud and Roin' Cont Stop Nozis

knife through cheese-without
important losses-is erroneous.
Germany lost heavily in the
Polish, Western European and
Balkan campaigns. But, the gen.
eral staff, once the attack begins,
does not care how many lives or
how many machines are sacri-
feed so long as the military OBJ
jective is attained.
The important surprise element
cannot be fully taken advantage
of unless it is followed up. In the
Polish campaign, the German
airforce managed to surprise the
Poles and destroy part of their
airforce within few hours after
the beginning of the war. But
even after the Poles were warned,
the Nazis came back to attack.
This time they we're received with
heavy fire. Hundreds of planes
were lost in those repeats" but
that did not bother the general
staff. They have ample reserves
and their factories work at full
speed.
Retreat Is Best Strategy.
News from the battlefront nee
essarily is skimpy at present.
There are no foreign observers
anywhere and one has to rely
exclusively on the communiques
and reports from Nazi and Soviet
sources. There is no question
that the Germans are attacking
regardless of cost. The hundreds
Of planes and tanks which are
being lost can be replaced with
out a days delay.
The Russians, on the other
hand, don't have such complete
replacement facilities.
1t would seem logical that their
strategy should be TO retreat as
they did in Napoleon's day. But
from the moment they allow
Evening star., 1941-06-26
By CONSTANTINE BROWN.

In military quarters, it is be-
lieved the traditional strategy OF
the Russian general staff to with
draw deeply into the country and
lay waste to everything that
might be useful to the conqueror
cannot work in the present Ger
man-RuSsian war.
The famous Russian generals,
Mud, Snow, Rain and Devasta-
ton, who in the past have de-
feated those who have tried to
conquer the vast country, are
considered by modern strategists
as shelved. They can do little
to stop the Nazis mechanized
hordes.
Evening star., 1941-06-26

open. The only
m ilit ary OBJ
stacles of i'm
port nc e are
rivers, marshes
and forests. The
C o u n try is
ideally suited for
the operations of
m e C h a n ize d
troops except for
the lack of good
roads. The rivers
are not yet at
the stage of ex-
Annn,n Ian. a4
Evening star., 1941-06-26

a Nazi with two
weeks vacation
coming TO you
and know that
your holiday was
being planned by
such loving
pranksters as
Goebbels, Goer-
ing and Hmm
Ter.
In Germany
where the tour
ist" is almost as
much a part Of
Evening star., 1941-06-26

anu IIlt Ma
tional Defense
M e d i q tion
Board and the
entire defense
program by Or
dering a strike
In the soft coal
mines of the
South effective
July 7 unless one
Kentucky coal
field agrees to
the closed shop.
The operators
of the other II
Evening star., 1941-06-26

necessarily The Stars Such opinions are presented IN TIE
Stars effort to De all sides OF questions OF interest to its
readers although such opinions may be contradictory among
themselves and directly opposed to The Stars.
Evening star., 1941-06-26
BY MAI. GEORGE FIELDING
ELIOT.

Some general consideration on the
Russo war may be of value
in following its progress.
For the most part, the terrain is
Evening star., 1941-06-26
McLemore-
American Tourists
Could Guido Nuzis
BY HENRY McLEMORE.

NEW YORK-Oh, not to be In
Germany, now that vacation time Is
here.
1t would be pretty dreadful to bs
Evening star., 1941-06-26
Southern
Mine Strike
CuIIAssuiIed
Entire Defense Setup
Declared Menuced
By 6. |. O. Order
BY DAVID LAWRENCE.

The United Mine Workers of
America-biggest of the c. I. o. in
dustrial unions-has decided to defy
the President of the United States,
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1941-02-14
MOVE TO FREE UNION
HEAD IN INTERNMENT

Halifax, N. S. (ILNS).-An appli
cation of John A. (Pat) Sullivan, pres
ident and chief organizer of the Ca
madam Seamen's and Fish Handlers
Union, for habeas corpus writ re-
leasing him from an internment camp
has been rejected.
Sullivan was arrested last June Is,
under the Canadian defense regula-
tions, and since then has been confined
to an internment camp used for enemy
prisoners. His arrest was based on the
ground that he is leader in the Com
munist movement in Canada, which is
ranged against the war effort of the
Dominion.
For several years Sullivan has
toured the Dominion campaigning in
behalf of the unions he heads, and
the strikes he has directed have usu-
ally been accompanied by disturb
ances, and the calling out of special
police.
In his judgment on the writ appli-
cation, Judge J. A. Hope contended
that, under the defense laws, no ap-
plication could be granted without the
consent of the head of the Dominion
internment operations. Thus far, this
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1941-02-14

schools, in the WPA, in the NYA, in
the Army, Navy, and in industry. Our
aim should be to encourage such train
ing and to find employment for these
new workers.
eff munition plants, airplane fac
tories, and the like close on Sundays,
it gives opportunities to repair and
service machines and equipment; it
serves to keep the men in better phys
ical and mental condition; it raises ef-
ficiency and it protects supervisory
forces from burning out
Present Week Should be Kept
"Under the present law, it is pos
sible to work three shifts "a hours per
day for 6 days week. On the sew
enth day, preparations for the next
week can be made.
Necessary arrangements should be
possible in cases of real emergency
but as matter Of general practice, the
4O-hour week should be observed and
should not be tampered with in the
conduct of the defense program"
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1941-02-14
HAVE THE MINERS
SOURED ON LEWIS?

Under this heading, PM, the pro-
gressive New York City tabloid, pub
fishes story by it's Washington COR
respondent, which says that thousands
of members of the United Mine Work
ers of America have refused to for
give John L. Lewis for running out
on Roosevelt.
Mr.. Crawford, who once was presi-
dent of the CIO Newspaper Guild but
has since learned few lessons about
Communist skullduggery that have
disillusioned him to some extent, de-
clares that the results of the UNIV
election (which have not been made
public and probably never will be,
amount to reputation of the union
president" According to persons in
q position to know, says Mr.. Craw-
ford, fully half the unions members
refrained from voting in the election.
Since Lewis was unopposed, their re-
fusal to vote did not affect the result
hut must have thrown a scare into
the tough guy.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1941-02-14
THEY TRAVEL
YOU PAY!

(From the Washington Daily News)
So everything possible is done to
eliminate waste, extravaganza and
needless spending of government
money? Then how about the follow
ing fact, reported to Congress by the
General Accounting Office?
In three and half months last win
ter, more than 700 federal employees
found it necessary" to make trips to
Florida at the taxpayers expense.
Congress would do well to question
some of those employees and their su-
periors who approved their travel
charges. Further, it would be a good
idea to find out how many federal pay
rollers are getting their expenses to
Florida this winter. And why?
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1941-02-14
Supreme Court Decision
Vindicates A. F. L. Stand

Washington, D. C. (ILNS).-Presi-
dent William Green Of the American
Federation of Labor commented as fol-
lows on the decision of the United
States Supreme Court invalidating the
indictments under the antitrust laws
of officers of the United Brotherhood
of Carpenters and Joiners of America.
eve regard this decision as COM
plete confirmation of the position the
American Federation of Labor has
consistently maintained from the be-
ginning of the campaign of prosecu-
tions of labor unions undertaken by
Assistant Attorney General Thurman
Arnold.
eve regard this decision as the
most important ever rendered by the
Supreme Court in the Qualification of
the meaning and scope of the anti
trust laws as applied to labor"
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1941-02-14
URGES RETENTION
OF 4O-HR. WEEK AS
BEST FOR NATION

Washington, d. C. (ILNS).-United
States Senator James M. Mead of New
York expressed opposition to any
breakdown of the 40-hour, 5-day
week in vigorous statement issued
here.
"The 40-hour week represents la
boris answer to the machine age" de-
clared the Senator. eve still have
Tx million out of work, including ap-
proximately 100000 mechanics of
middle and older ages who are barred
by regulations and policies from re-
employment in industry and by the
government.
81 think these unemployed ought to
find work opportunities before we even
consider the surrender or breakdown
of the 40-hour week. In real emer-
gencies, it may be vitality necessary to
work men 6 days but, in such cases,
they should receive time and half
overtime pay for work in excess of 40
hours per week. In any event, the
present law should be left alone.
Training is Advocated
Rather than to work skilled men
excessive hours, it would be more
practical to train our vast reservoir
of unskilled workers for their proper
place in industry Over 100000
young men and women are now in
training for skilled jobs - in our
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1941-02-14
Assistant Attorney General Arnold Loses Union Anti
Trust Case-Decisons of Outstanding Importance to
American Workers-Lower Court is Upheld

Washington, D. C. (ILNS).- In two
decisions of outstanding Importance to
American workers, the Supreme Court
declared that the Sherman Anti Trust
Act does not apply to jurisdictional
disputes between labor unions and up
held the federal wages and hours law.
The court, in a fve-to-two decision,
ruled against the government in the
antitrust case against William L.
Hutcheson and three other officers of
the United Brotherhood of Carpenters
and Joiners of America. The decision
upheld dismissal in a lower court of
indictments against the union officials.
The decision is smashing setback
to Thurman Arnold, Assistant Attor-
ney- General, and the Department of
Justices antitrust campaign against
American Federation of Labor build
ing trades unions. Arnold is reported
to have said that the Carpenters case
was crucial in the campaign.
Union Activities
Held Lawful
President Hutcheson and the other
Carpenters Union officials were in
dicted on charges of seeking to force
Anheuser-Busch, Inc, big st. Louis
brewing company, to turn over to
their union the millwright work in
volved in the erecting and dismant-
ling of machinery, although the work
was being done by the International
Association of Machinists under con-
tract with the company.
Refusal of the carpenters to work
for the company, picketing of the
company's plant and urging of union
members to boycott Anheuser- Busch
beer was upheld by the majority opin-
ion, which said that the union was
plainly within it's rights. The opin-
ion took the view that jurisdictional
strikes, while intensifying industrial
strife, had marked the evolution of
craft unionism and "has undoubtedly
been one of the potent forces in the
modern development of industrial
unions"
Minority Says Court
Tries to Legislate
Justice Roberts, in the minority
opinion, said that the court was at
tempting to legislate radically" in
matters where Congress had refused
to act.
Chief Justice Hughes joined in the
minority opinion, which also said that
'by resurrecting rejected construc-
tion of the Clayton Act" the major
ity was attempting to usurp the func-
tions of Congress and endangering the
constitutional system of division of
powers.
The Federal Fair Labor Standards
Act, popularity known as the wages
and hours law, was held constitutional
in a unanimous opinion written by
Justice Stone.
Regulatory Power
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1941-02-14
Industry, Railroads Partially
Lifting Ban on Older Skilled
Workers, Sen. Mead Learns
Secretary Of Labor Perkins Says Some Have Waived the
Previous Hiring Age Limit but These Are Exceptional
Instances Railroads Attitude Held Favorable.

siderable reservoir of skilled machin-
lists in the older worker group and
that if the company let down the bars
by removing age limits it might thus
meet immediate needs for at least
skilled craftsmen. Ny suggestion was
followed and the company put on sew
eral hundred men in the age group
SO to 65."
Secretary Perkins cited other in
stances Of lifting Of the ban against
older workers and went on to say:
"Of course, these are excep-
tional instances and there is no
doubt whatever but that many
private industries still hold to
relatively low hiring age limit
and very it only in exceptional
instances. 1t would certainly be
useful to know just how much this
policy is retarding production in
our defense industries"
j. G. Luhrsen, executive secretary
of the Railway Labor Executives As
sociation, told Senator Mead that his
group greatly appreciated the Sena-
tors interest in the subject of the en-
ployment of the middle-aged and older
workers.
Railroad Attitude Favorable
However," he added, Eat recent
conference with the railroads, prac-
tically national in scope, discussion
was had with reference to those age
limitations and without concrete or
definite commitment being made we
gained the impression that during the
pending emergency the age limita-
tions will not be permitted to inter-
fere in employment"
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1941-02-14

Washington, D. C. (ILNS).-Push-
ing his fight on job discrimination
against older workers, Senator James
A. Mead of New York has been in
formed by Secretary of Labor Perkins
that some industries are lifting the
ban against skilled older workers.
However" she added, "these are ex-
ceptional instances"
At the same time, the Railway La
Dor Executives Association told Sen
ator Mead that it was understood dur
ing the present emergency, age limi-
tations will not be permitted to in
terfere in employment of men by
railroads.
The Senator, who is seeking infor-
nation on job discrimination, particu-
larly in employment of older workers
in government service and defense in
dustries, addressed an inquiry to Miss
Frieda Miller, industrial commissioner
of New York state, asking for specific
data. He wrote Miss Miller that it was
his opinion that large number of
skilled workmen are still being denied
unemployment because of age dis
elimination.
Age Limits Waived
In her letter to Mead, Secretary
Perkins said:
"There is no doubt that !. many
industries have found it expedient to
waive the previous hiring age limit.
Several specific illustrations have been
brought forcibly to our attention.
"Some months ago when | visited
California and discussed the skilled
help problem with the management of
one of the large aircraft companies,
l suggested that there must be con-