davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Coolidge examiner., 1941-02-28

o Mrs. AL Acker and daughter
June spent the week end in Casa
Grande with Mr.. Acker who Is
chef at Smiths Cafe.
The Coolidge examiner., 1941-02-28

Q Mr.. and Mrs. Reed O'Neil of
Tucson moved here last week to
make their home and have rented
j. j. Jones ranch house east of
Coolidge.
Or. j. Jones and Paul Loucks
have been invited as guests of
The Coolidge examiner., 1941-02-28

Left, cIEvER-cIoVER: - Across the
waist and down the skirt run little
white clovers to give you as un-
usual print as you're likely to see
this season. Green, blue, brown,
pink, gray. IL to 20.
Right BARBADOS, - An amusing
print that draws its inspiration
from everyday scenes in the West
Indies. Tiny flaps that look like
pockets keep the belt in place.
Tan, pink, green, blue. IL to 20.
$7.q5
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1941-10-25
TO LET

The Everett Colored Citizens
League is giving a Halloween
Dance and Drawing Friday eve
ming, October 81 at Arcanum
Hal, Everett Square. Barbara
Eaton, acrobatic dancer will APP
pear. Soldiers Of the 3ssth Regi
ment are invited guests. Admis-
sion is so cents. tax included.
Ina Dress shoppe says: "The
better your feet feel the better
your face looks, the better, too,
your disposition. The charm of
a lady depends upon comfort of
the feet. Join the Self-Admira-
ton Society. Flattering colors,
sheer texture, perfect fit, all tell
you these fine stockings are bet
ter. Approving glances of friends
make you proud to wear INA
DRESS sHoPPE HOSIERY, 2O2
Dartmouth st.
Mrs, Seth Christmas of Mt.
Pleasant ST., Cambridge, was in
New ork City over the holiday
weekend, the guest Of Mrs. Err
nest D. Johnson Of Graham
Court.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1941-10-25
DORIS JONES
GOLDEN W. T
November 20
THANKSGIVING NIGHT :.
RUCCLES HALL

room. Guests were present
from Boston and local cities
representing some of the or
CARNATIONS and clubs which
Miss Jumper is affiliated with;
namely State ByPU. State
Young Peoples Missionary De-
partment. Achronian Club of
the zeta Phi Beta Sorority and
Others. This club was organ
lied by Mss Jumper about two
and half vars ago. The Off
GERS are: Pres. Mary Turner;
Vice Pres, Viola WEIGH; Rec.
Sec. Theims Kenney; Cor. Sec,
Mary Gaines; Treas, Ardel Ken
ney; Advisors, Mrs. Lucius A.
Carter, and Mrs. Hamilton D.
Kelley.
James Byars, tenor, who is
on a southern and western con-
cert tour sends greetings to his
Boston friends from San An
tonic, Texas. His tour will take
him to California, Missouri,
Ohio and other western states.
Jesse Goode of 90 Harrishof
st., is now home from the hos
pital and able to see his friends.
He and Mrs. Goode are grateful
to the many friends for cour-
tesies during the long illness.
Mrs. J. Arthur Miles ruth
Worthy recent bride, left last
night to join her husband in
Washington, D. c., and start
housekeeping there. Her many
friends here regret her depart
ure, and had hoped Mr.. Miles
would be transferred to the Bos-
ton postal district. Besides be-
ing a graduate Of Teachers Col
lege, Mrs. Miles is an accom-
plished 'cellist, in her earlier
days member of the we'll known
trio Of sisters, Myrtle and Helen
Worthy being the others Of the
group.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1941-10-25

Doctors wives are donating
gifts for prizes for the N.AACP.
Mammoth Bridge and Beano
Party at st. Marks Gym, Town.
send St., Tuesday evening, Nov.
II, Armistice Day. Ebba Perry,
Chairman, Caroline Jane, CO.
chairman.
School of Religious Education
of the United Baptist Conyen-
ton opened for registration on
Monday evening, October 20, at
Metropolitan Baptist Church,
TIT Shawmut Avenue. On the
teaching staff are: Mrs. A. ].
sprateley, Miss Wilhelmina Cros-
son, Miss Mabel Robinson, and
Rev. F. Ravis Davis, Others to be
added.
Miss George L. Spriggs has
returned to Boston after a four
months stay with friends in
Hampton, Virginia, her child
hood home.
Madam Enslow, weil-known
Beauty Culturist with shop at
977 fremont St., enjoyed pleas
ant two weeks, vacation during
which she visited relatives and
friends in New York City, ia
maica, Long Island, Atlantic
City and orange, N. ].
Mrs. Sarah A.. Arnold, Of 5
Warwick ST., spent an enjoyable
weekend in New York City, the
guest of her son, Walter H. Ar
mold and his family.
The Itinerary Club opened
their first meeting of the season
at the home of Mrs. Julia Ken
needy OF 81 Bower St. Roxbury
Business of Importance was dis
cussed and one of the members
Mrs. H. Helen Mason, chairman
of the Arts and Crafts Dept. Of
Mass. state Union, told Of her
trip to the N.A.C.W. convention
in Oklahoma City. After the
meeting a delicious dinner was
served and games were enjoyed
till a late hour.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1941-10-25

needs-meats, groceries, vege-
tables, fruit, coal, wood and oil.
It's handy for the neighbors to-
run in and get what they want
for the household.
The Strathlnore Tennis Club
hell It's first meeting of the sea-
son at the home of Mrs. Ger
trude Chandler, 500 Columbus
Ave. on Thursday evening. Co..
Is. The theme of the meeting
was MY acation," and the mem
bers gave "reminiscences of their
summer vacations at seashore
and country. An interesting lit
Ierary and musical program fol-
lowed participated in by Mes
danes Chandler, Prevoa and
Batu1n, the Misses Robinson and
Williams; and the club mascot,
ouisa Baum and w. H. Batum.
A delicious collation. crowned the
evenings activities.
Among the young ladies TAX
ing part in the African pageant
which is being rehearsed at rs
Holyoke st. and taught by Miss
Portia Smiley are: Misses ere
Wiley, Anita and Marian Aver
EFT, Arian Raynor, Thelma Rich
ards, Phillis Hooperof, and Miss
Beatrice Harrell. The costumes
to be worn by these ladies are
worth seeing. A quartet Of At
rican songs will be done by dis
tinguished number Of Boston's
popular singers; Mrs. Helen Holt
day, Mis- Gladys Pierce, William
Sexton and Albert Cosby, with
Ernest O'Banyoun at the piano.
william Richardson will sing 3
songs in the African language
that he used on his concert tours
all over the United States and in
foreign countries, dressed in At
rican costume while Mr.. Ernest
|OBanyoun will play a juba dance
by DR.. Nathaniel Dett, dressed in
native African costume.
Sabby Lewis, Boston's King at
the piano, proved himself tops
when he and his famous Savoy
Sultans moved in at the Elk's
Ballroom Sunday, October 10,
to play for the Group Tens Dawn
Dance. Hundreds crowded the
hal to swing and sway to his
music. The club appreciates the
fact that so many are following
their activities and they prom
Use good times &Sead. Club mem
bers and wives spent an enjoy
able evening at Mr.. and Mrs.
con Braithwaite's, Clarendon
Ave, someryille, Saturday, oc-
tober Is.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1941-10-25

DORIS JONES SCHOOL OF
DANCE Now Open for Regis
tration. Classes Begin Nov. l in
Toe, Tap. Ballet and Acrobatic.
Glasses for extremely tall girls.
Charm Class for young women
who wish to reduce. exercise or
relax. Ballroom Dancing taught
also. Competent Assistants help
with all. classes. This school
provides entertainment for pro-
grams given for the Soldiers
Convalescent Homes, benefit
performances and other forms
of entertainment. Call, write or
phone DORIS JONES, 14S Town
send St., Roxbury, HIG. $3.50.
The semi-annual convention
OF Mass. State Union was held
in New Bedford, Oct. 10 and
was most successful. Details in
November issue.
The friends of Mrs. Gertrude
Robinson of So Greenwich st.
are very glad to know that she
has recovered from several
weeks illness following the
death Of her only brother, Ar
thur E. Mobley, Aug. u.
A delightful household PER-
FUMED .DEoDoRANT can be
used as G dtsintectGnt to clean,
or as spray to perfume the
rooms, also as a polish for your
furniture. IS cents. STURGIS
CHEMICAL CO., 648 SHAWMUT
AVE, opp. Kendall st.
The regular monthly meeting
of the Round Circle Club, was
held at the residence of Mrs
Rachael Saunders, rs Windsor
ST., Oct. Is. Plans for banquet
in January, 1912, were discussed,
Watch this paper for further
information. A delicious celia
ton was served by the hostess.
Two new members were added
to the club. Next meeting at
the residence of Mrs. Pauline
Hayes, 871 Harrison ave-, on
Nov. 10.
Mrs. Adelaide Tsaggaris, the
daughter of Mr.. and Mrs. Elmer
E. Moore of 434 Mass. Ave. ar
rived home Monday from a visit
to friends and relatives in New
York and New Jersey. In Bay
onne, N. ]. she was entertained
by Mr.. and Mrs. Robert Sea-
brooks and in New York by Mrs.
verniel Penceal Of 47-49 W
i29th st. Several other friends
gave her a rousing send-off.
Miss Helen Worthy, violinist,
contributed to the special mu-
steal program at Symphony
Hall Community Church last
Sunday morning.
A curley-for- Mayor head
quarters was opened this week
at S04 fremont st. with Atty
James G. Wolf in charge, assist
ed by Or. w. o. Taylor, T. e.
Nunes, Frank r. Dupree and
others Of the Bay State Colored
Mems Democratic Club. The
tirst-opened Curley headquar-
tiers is at s22 fremont st. under
direction of DR.. Silas F. (Shag)
Taylor who heads the Mass.
Colored Democratic League.
For convenience as a neigh
borhood store McArthur's Com
munity store at "a Camden St.
Is unsurpassed; for it is always
we'll stocked to supply family
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1941-10-25
CITY NEWS

81. Cyprians Annual Harvest
Turkey Dinner. Thursday Nov.
10. to 1880 D. m. Adults IS
cents. Delicious home cooking
service.
Mrs. Joseph T. White Of Brad
dock Park returned last week
from summer in Maine. Prof
White spent the weekend in
Maine and accompanied Mrs
White to Boston.
ina Dress Shop at 202 Dart
mouth St, had very successful
fall opening, with a large sale
Of hosiery, lingerie and dresses
The proprietor is Ina Eopier
the WE'LL known soprano solstst
Miss Helen Chisholm Of Mas
sau st. was in Saybrook, Conn.,,
over the weekend visiting her
mother, Mrs. Frank Chisholm
wife of Tuskegee's field agent.
Mr.. and Mrs. Kenneth E. Deas
of Westwood and Montclair, N
j.. left Saturday after spending
delightful honeymoon in Bos-
ton. William M Darben, Mr.
Deas' uncle, % Cedar ST., enter
tanned them at dinner at Es-
teile's Wednesday after which
he took them on a sightseeing
tour OF the downtown shopping
district. While in Boston they
stayed with Mrs. Maud Chinn
and her mother, Mrs. Codic
Robbins, in their palatial home
1t IA Rockland ST., Roxbury
On Saturday also Mr.. Darber
entertained them at % Cedar
ST and gave them a lovely we'd
ding gift. Mr.. Laurence Carroll
of % Cedar ST., also entertained
the couple. Mr.. Kenneth Dea;
is brother of Henry DeaS Of
Boston now at Fort Devens. The
couple will live in Westwood
N. J.
Last Monday evening, Mis-:
Mary Jumper was completely
ard pleasantly surprised at I
birthday party given by tht
"Alta-Lux' club Of the Nader
yWcA, in the newly built play
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1941-10-25

Mrs. Lillian G. Averett, Treas
urer Of the Maryland Club, is
recovering from serious illness
at Boston City Hospital. Mem
bers of the Club pray for her
speedy recovery,
In the near future the Mary
land Club will present Countee
Cullen, Author and Poet, in a
program. Date and place will be
announced. see Maryland Club
members about the 15lb. Turkey
given away for Thanksgiving.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1941-01-02
HUNDREDS CALL
 AT GOVERNORS
 FOR OPEN HOUSE

Governor and Mrs Ernest Gruen- ing observed their second New Years Day in Alaska by hoding open house between } and 6 o'clock. Hun dreds of Gastineau Channel resi- dents called at the Governors House to extend their greetings.
 Assisting during the reception hours were Mrs. R. H. Williams, Mrs, Catherine Gregory. Mrs. Helen Csss, Mrs. w. w Council, Mrs. A. E. Glo- yer, Mrs Earl McGinty, Mrs. Virgil Farrell, Mrs. Fred Geeslin, Mrs Robert Schcettler, Mrs. Minard Mill, Mrs. Charles Beale, Mrs. Isadore Goldstein, Mrs. Courtney Smith, Mrs. Jesse E. Graham, Mrs. Hugh G. Wade, Mrs. J. Simpson Mackin- non and Mrs. Ike Taylor.
 Serving were Mrs Allen Shattuck, Mrs. Robert Bender, Mrs. Frank Metcalfe, Mrs. James G. Truitt, Mrs. Langdon White. Mrs. George F. AL exander, Mrs. Oscar G. C,son, Mrs. James J. Corners, Sr.. Mrs. Herbert L. Faulkner, Mrs. William A. Holz- heimer, Mrs. J. A. Hellenthal and Mrs. Grace Wickersham.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1941-01-02
5HATTUCK CITES
 (lTY'5 PROGRESS
 10 CHAMBERITE5
Juneau Need Not AIibi for Apparent Shortcomings
 Says New President

Juneau's progress in recent years has been great and speaks for itself, Curtis Shattuck, new President of Inc Juneau Chamber of Commerce, aid today on taking over the gavel at the weekly membership luncheon.
 Declaring, that he believed the existence of the Chamber in the community is fully justified Shat tuck cited as accomplishments the following:
 The new Baranof Hotel; the Gross 20th Century Building; the Hill crest Apartments; FoSbee Apart ments; new floor on the Gastineau Hotel; many private dwellings,; Cold Storage plant enlarged and modern ized; Juneau Lumber Mills modern ized; $1OO,OO0 in City paving work; new airmail services; the small boat harbor; the new Public Roads Ad- ministration warehouse; the Doug las Island road, just begun.
 Federal Projects
 The total of completed, started and proposed Federal projects in the Juneau neighborhood, including the S500000 airfield on Mendenhall bar, is well over $900000, Shattuck said.
 Speaking of road expenditures here as compared with those at Ketchikn, Shattuck cited the fol- lowing figures furnished by Public Roads Administration District En- gineer M. b Williams:
 Read Costs
 The Juneau vicinity has 45.898 miles classified as forest highways, quilt at cost of Sl 766, 72926 eXclu- sive of the Douglas bridge which cost an additional S255, 5,54341 Av- eraga cost per mile for construction has been $38,4s2.5l, while the main tsnance total is S54,4l8.73, for a grand total of s2.221 ,l43.04 in forest highway expenditures here.
 Ketchikans 23.249 miles of forest highway cost S1459.37375, or an average Of S62. .728.63 per mile. Total maintenance has been $l8l ,7011 for ! grand total Of S1,640 o8O91
 In the five years frcm July l, 1885 to June 30. 1920 expenditures have been S479. .59909 at Juneau and $443,- 76O62 at Ketchikan.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1941-01-02

sign, is situated directly across 42nd Street from the Grand Central Sta ton.
 Government Aid
 A number of engineering and other technical advances were re- corded during the year The govern ment appropriated funds for the installation of instrument landing facilities at selected major airports, which will permit airliners to make instrument landings with perfect safety when low ceilings overhang the field.
 For the first time, a domestic air line began teaching it's pilots celes- tial navigation. The subject became part of the curriculum of VIVA pill cts so that they could fly off regu- lar routes without benefit of ground or radio navigational aids.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1941-01-02
White Will Quif Post;
 Allies Aid
Famed Editor Says Give Job to Younger Man
 for Full Time

EMPORIA, Kansas, Jan. 2.-Wil- liam Allen White said today he has decided to resign as Chairman of the Committee to Defend America By Aiding the Allies.
 However, White said he will ro tain the post unti his successor is chosen and expressed hope the new chairman will be chosen within the next few days.
 White, P, publisher of the Elm poria Gazette, said "A Chairman's lb is to much fer man who has to earn living running a country paper" and suggested the posit.cn attains importance to warrant mak- ng it some young mans full time job.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1941-01-02
REORGANIZATION PLAN EXPLAINED
 TO CHAMbERlTE5

Reorganization Of the Juneau Chambcr of Commerce so that its Committee Chairman would become the Executive Board, dropping the present Executive Board which is el- ected by the membership, was pro- pcsed at tcday's meeting and ex- plained by Howard Stabler.
 The proposal, which will be dis sussed next week, has been referred C a Committee headed by Charles W. Carter and consisting of all Past Presidents Of the Chamber
 A motion was adopted today mak- ng it the policy Of the Chamber that all resolutions and motions 2eling with matters of considerable importance must be submitted in yriting. Norman Banfield submitted the motion-in writing.
 The Chambers constitution all ready provides that no matter of matter Of major importance may be passed upon at open forum meet nss, except by unanimous vote. such matters are to be referred to Committee for study.
 Pending vote on the proposed reorganization, old committees will continue to function.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1941-01-02
CONGRESS TO MEETFRIDAY,
 77THSE55IoN
House Adjourns Present
 Session This Afternoon Senate Tomorrow

WASHINGTON, Jan 9. - The House of the record smashing Sey- enty Sixth Congress adjourned the last session this afternoon.
 The Senate leadership however called the final meeting of that branch fer tomorrow.
 The House adjournment came at 1 :3l o'clock this afternoon just 366 days after Congress opened the third sesSicn on January 3, 1940.
 The Seventy Seventh session of Congress is scheduled to open at noon tomorrow.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1941-01-02
WEATHER SYNOPSIS

Rain falling this morning over most of southeast prevailed elsewhere the immediate Cape fallen during the previous 2 the Aletian Islands of precipitation 3 Harbor Temperatures contled with Fairbanks minus but temperatures warmer over Southeast A moderately low ceilings nght this morning the -Ketchikan
 he weather chart indicated low pressure centered at 5l degrees second low center of 97 maS north 139 degrees mlibar t2897 inches b. ITS high pressure area centered the northeast high center of 1922 mlbars 30S ne was north 158 degrees west
 - a:46 sunset 4l8
The Daily Alaska empire., 1941-01-02
ALLAN FORCES
 CRUSHED
Romans Give Way al K|i- sura as Greek Forces
 Continue Advance

ATHENS, Jan 2.-The capture, by Greek troops, of heavily fortified It. allan positions north of Klisura, strategically important town in the central sector Of the Albanian bat tlefrcnt has been announced by the official spokesman of the Greek Command.
 It was also reported prisoners were captured and two heavy guns and ether materials were taken.
 Strcng Italian counter-attacks in the snow covered mountains around Klisura were beaten back, the spok esman said, before the Italian line of defense works fell
The Daily Alaska empire., 1941-01-02
DAN MOLlER COMES
 FROM SiTKA, PLANE

Dan Moller, Sitk@ manager O. the Columbia Lumber Company. flew in from the Historic City yesterday to spend a day or so here on company business. He will probably fly back tomorrow. He is a guest at the Baranof Hotel.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1941-01-02
LUTHERAN CHOIR
 MEETS TONIGHT

The Lutheran Choir rehearsal will be held in the church tonight at 8 o'clock Merle Janice Schroe- der. directing All members of the choir are requested to attend
The Daily Alaska empire., 1941-01-02
Entertains with
 Egg Nog Party

Egg nogs were served yesterday afternoon to a group of Miss Jane AleXander's friends who called at the First and Dixon Street home of her parents. Judge and Mrs George F. Alexander.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1941-01-02
THE WEATHER
(By the IL S. Weather Bureau) U S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, WEATHER

vicinity beginning 4:3O tonight Frday; tonight day gentle southeasterly for the in portion southportion day. warmer outheaery except in Canal
 the coast of the Gulf of Alasks, Cape rain; fresh strong Hinchnbrook outheaery winds; fresh noheastery
 
 easterly winds
The Daily Alaska empire., 1941-01-02
BODY FOUND ATFANSHAW
 INVESTIGATED
Possible Murder Hinted- Name Withheld by
 Investigators

Discovery Of a body last Sunday near Cape Fanshaw has started Federal officials here on an inves- tigation into possible foul play con- nected with the death.
 The dead man has been tentative ly identified as a Southeast Alaska businessman and minor Federal of- ficial. but the name is being with held until definite check can be made.
 Discoverer of the body was James Wadman, trapper
 News of the find was relayed to Juneau this afternoon by U. s. Con- missioner Harold F. Dawes at Pet ersburg.
 The Federal Bureau of Investiga- tion, U s. Marshals office and U. S. Attorney are working on the case.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1941-01-02
Power pIant
 Underground

INNERTKIRCHEN, Switzerland, Jan 2.-One of the greatest power plants in Europe is being built underground in the Bernse Alps near fare to protect it from any possible future bombs and shells.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1941-01-02
Masonic Temple Is
 Scene q Reception

The Scottish Rie Masons were hosts yesterday with their aTnual New Years open house celebration at the Temple between 2 and 3 o'clock.
 Mascns of all degrees. Eastern Stars, DeMolays and Rainbow Girls were in attendence. An informal social and dancing in the ballroom was enoyed.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1941-01-02

In a recent analysis of traffic accidents in Wyoming it was found that l3 percent of all acci- dents on rural highways were caused by driving on the wrong side of the road.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1941-01-02
TOO LATE TO CLASSIFY

FOR RENT = FOur-rOom house. Suitable for couple. Phone Black 240 or call at GA Willoughby.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1941-01-02
GORDON WiLDES E APPOINTED 10
 FEDERAL POST
Juneau Engineer Will Be Planning Consuliani
 for Cities

Gordon Wildes, formerly an en- gineer with the PWA here. has been appointed by the National Resources Planning Board as a consultant 10 assist Alaska communities m working out their problems. accord ing to confirmation received from Washington today.
 Wildes' appointment was effective yesterday The full-time position is the first one of its kind ill Alaska.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1941-01-02

AIRMAIL ENVELOPES, showms air route from Seat.le to Nome, on sale at J. B. Burford & Co. adv
The Daily Alaska empire., 1941-01-02

American artichoke production is confined largely to a strip of coastland south of San Francisco.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1941-01-02
SLOW BELL

FOSTORIA, O.-The recent wreck of a fire truck in nearby Fremont was followed by an order to Eos toria firemen to stop for all rcd traffic signals while answering calls.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1941-01-02

Roads in the 21 American re- publics total 3,618,818 miles.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1941-01-02
ODD FELLOWS ATTENTION

Regular meeting of Silver Bow Lodge No AZ, LOOP. tonight, !:30 o'clock. Work in degree of 8rotherly Love and Degree of Truth. All members are urged to be present.
 GEORGE JORGENSON. adv Noble Grand
The Daily Alaska empire., 1941-01-02

The Daily Alaska Empire has the largest paid circulation of any Az aska newspaper.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1941-01-02

Try classified ad in The Empire.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1941-01-02
DIVORCE CASE

Suit for divorce has been filed in District Court by Sam Elstad against Susie Elstad on grounds of drunkenness.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1941-01-02


 Pan American Airways added a new link in it's trans-oceanic net work by inaugurating passenger service between San Francisco-Los Angeles and New Zealand. This service, coupled with TWAS atrato- liner connexions at New York and Los Angeles, gave the United States a four engine commercial aerial highway from Auckland to Lisbon CT three-ouarters of the way around the world
 Early in the coming year, the air lines operating into New York will move into the worlds first airlines terminal. which from a historical standpoint may be likened to the first railroad union station ever built. The terminal, unique in de-