davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1941-07-01
SPRINGFIELD, Mo.

Dear Sir.
For years I have read with interest
and pleasure your articles on birds, and
would very much like to have the benefit
of your knowledge regarding the fol-
lowing questions:
I'm song and story reference is al"
ways made to its song as her song.
Why is it not his song? Are not feath-
cred songsters of masculine gender?
The male of the species usually appro-
PIRATES the songs and bright plumage,
too, l understand.
rs there any other songbird q think
perhaps the skylark is one) whose mas
culinity is obscured in the same way?
Recently read that one name, Phil
omela, given the nightingale, originated
when Philomela daughter of Pandion,
King of Greece was changed into a
nightingale
Will you give me any information you
may have regarding these two characters
of mythology? Also is the bird native
to only Italy? Would be glad to know
more of the lark's background and his
tory. Is the skylark native to any part
of the United States? Any or all in
formation on these two birds will be
greatly appreciated by
Yours truly, N. " D."
The larks of the United States and the
famous skylarks of Europe are entirely
different birds.
The European skylark is Alauda ar
vensis, with length of about 7la inches.
Although several of these birds at one
time were introduced into America, they
did not build up any colony, and as far
as We know they have all disappeared.
Sometime before the gay 9Os a few
of them took up residence on Long
Island.
1t is said that in 1887 a nest with
young was found. and that in 1895
another nest was discovered.
1t is even claimed that a lark which
did credible job of singing was seen
and heard
AS late as 1907 few of these larks
were seen in the vicinity. Since then
there have been no authentic reports
VA ohy ioA Nd III llllS
gists say that it is certain there are no
genuine skylarks left in America.
We have our larks, however.
They are called meadowlarks.
Sturnella magma is the common lark,
or Eastern lark, and Sturnella neglecta
is the Western meadowlark. The former
is about 10 inches long, the latter some
912 inches.
They are walking birds, just as the
cowbird is The cowbird, which you may
find in your backyard from time to time,
also is a walker.
The Western meadowlark is sometimes
heard in outdoor programs broadcast
from the Rockies
1t has a sweetly warbled song. re-
minding one of the roundelays of the
robin.
y
The European lark. or skylark, f1ut-
tiers its wings while singing, a charac-
teristic habit. We do not know whether
our larks have this habit or not. but
do not think they do.
Evening star., 1941-07-01

@. How many times have Federal
troops been used in suppressing domes-
tic disturbances in the United States?
w. r.
A. Federal troops have been used more
than 100 times TO suppress such dis
turbances, prevent interference with the
mails and interstate commerce and SINH
lar purposes.
@. Please give the date Of the Colo
rado Springs Rodeo-E. M H
A. The fifth annual Colorado Springs
Rodeo will be held this year from
August IA through IT, The rodeo will
be presented in the all steel and concrete
stadium which was built by the late
Spencer Penrose for its performances,
@. What does Balkan mean?-G. r.
A. Balkan means mountain.
@. How are ships in the British Navy
named?-L. o. C.
A. Aircraft carriers are generally
named to end in Gus, as Courageous.
although the Ark Royal was an ex-
ception. Battleships are named for
royal personages, battle cruisers for
ilustrious sea-fighters, cruisers for
towns and counties, submarines for
marine monsters
Q. What was Coins Financial
School"?-E. M. J.
A. This was the title of book writ
ten by William H. Com Harvey in
1894. The author described himself as
Prof. Coin, who ran school in Chicago
for financiers. The book consists of
the lectures he gave on the money
question.
@. How old is the game of craps and
why Is 1t so called?-I. B.
A. Craps was introduced in New
Orleans about 1918 by some one who
had seen the game played in France as
hazards" The nickname for the Gre
oles was Johnny Crapaud. 1t was first
called Crapuad's game, but this was
later shortened to Craps.
O. What became of Napoleons sister
Pauline?-E. NJ H.
A. Pauline, who was considered the
most beautiful girl in the family, was
married to Prince Borghese in Italy.
but when Napoleon was removed to
Elba, she and her mother Joined him
there. She is even said to have expressed
desire to share his exile in st. Helena.
She died of cancer in 1925.
O. How deep is the water that flows
over Niagara Falls?-S. G. A.
A. The water flowing over the Amer
lean fall is from l to feet deep, while
that plunging over the Horseshoe fall
is estimated at about 20 feet in depth.
Evening star., 1941-07-01
Purpose of q Library

Opening the library at Hyde Park
where the archives of his admins
tration are to be sheltered, President
Roosevelt yesterday rendered very
particular service to his country and
to the world at large. The occasion
provided him with an opportunity
of which he wisely made the most.
THE dedication of library is in
itself an act of faith" he said ITO
bring together the records of the
past and to house them in buildings
where they will be preserved for the
use of men living in the future, a
nation must believe in three things.
1t must believe in the past 1t must
believe in the future. 1t must, above
all, believe in the capacity of its
people so to learn from the past that
they can gain in Judgment for the
creation of the future"
In other language, the President
testified to his confidence in de-
mocracy as living force among the
children of earth. He accepted the
inevitability of change in human re-
lationS, but he viewed mutation con-
structively, insisting upon creative
employment of the fleXibility of So
cial formulas. BY inference, it fol-
lows that he denied the rigid preten-
sions of eXpedient procedures which,
or tn ha
eXpedient. Civilization, he suggested,
is to be something more than mere
meaningless repetition of dogmas for
the sake of doctrine. Mr.. Roosevelt
agreed with the Master who taught
that: THE Sabbath was made for
man, and not man for the Sabbath"
But the President went a step
further when he argued: Among
democracies the building of libraries
and museums for the use of all the
people flourishes. That is especially
true in our own land, for we believe
that people should work out for
themselves, and through their own
study, the determination of their best
interest rather than accept such So
called information as may be handed
out to them by self-constituted
leaders" The privilege of discrimina-
ton implicit in those words carries
with it an obligation to choose wisely
of the philoSophic materials offered
by those who would influence the
public mind and heart. Since it hap
pens that truth is not a commodity
to be weighed on grocer's scale nor
measured by tailor's tape, a GER
tain element of speculation must be
involved in every decision reached
by the voters. But that factor of
risk is itself implicated in the prin-
ciple of consistent change in human
affairs.
Interpreted in the jargon of the
moment, Mr.. Roosevelt urged the
essential superiority of freedom over
the fixed intolerance of "the new
order" projected by the aggressor
nations. "Our confidence" he warned
the listening dictators, "has not di-
minished." In harmony with the law
of cause and effect, it rather has
waxed strong under the provocation
of its foes. The President knowing
the growing power and determina-
tion of his country, might have en-
ployed the lines of the poet Words
worth to clinch his point:
"We must be free or die, who speak
the tongue
That Shakespeare spake; the faith
and morals hold
Which Milton held"
Evening star., 1941-07-01
Letters to the Editor

Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address OF
the ,Driter, although the use OF
q pseudonyn for publication is
permissible. The Star reserves
the right to edit all letters NTH
O. ute1o to condensation.
Evening star., 1941-07-01

sional men who made up the membership
for the first two or three decades were
North of Ireland Protestants."
The men of Northern Ireland were
stanch supporters of the American
Revolution. Here is rather enlighten-
ing item: "Marmion urish historian)
shows that in It'll, 1772 and 1773.
SO passenger-carrying ships sailed for
America from the ports of Belfast, Derry
and Newry Ulster), and he estimates
the number of souls on board at not less
than 25,000."
These emigrants," says Marmion,
were chiefly farmers and manufac-
turerS, who. it is calculated, by con-
verting their property into specie, which
they took with them abroad, deprived
Ulster of one-fourth of its circulating
medium, which consisted also of specie
and also a portion equal thereto of the
most valuable part of the population"
(Anthony Marmion, Ancient and
Modern History of the Maritime Ports
of Ireland PIP. 333)
An American historian tells us: 1T is
probable that those Irish immigrants
brought with them to America not less
than 100000 pounds in specie. A dis
patch from Ireland on this subject,
printed in the New York Journal or
General Advertiser of July Is, 1773,
said that the amount of money paid for
their passage by $4,000 emigrants who
left Ireland for America in the years
It'll and l772, was 66,725 pounds, and
that most of these people carried
money with them, in evidence of which
1t was computed that one ship last year
had no less than $4,000 in specie on
board, ga Hidden Phase of Amer
ican History" PIP. 337-38, by Michael
OBrien)
Men of Northern Ireland always have
been arrayed on the side of worth
while freedom. JOHN N. QUINN.
Says Everybody" Should Protest
Against Police Mural Decoration.
To the Editor Of The Star:
I am not surprised that the Police
new Municipal Building, as pictured in
The Star for June ~. Everybody should
object. The conception and execution
of the design are both shockingly bad.
How did it happen?
am reminded of an ideal police
statue. 1t stands in Haymarket Square
in Chicago. 1t represents uniformed
policeman, standing erect, the right arm
raised high in the air, the empty hand
open and the palm to the front. The
legend on the pedestal reads, In the
Name of the Law" I have not seen the
statue for many years, but I do not re-
call that 1t shows club or any other
weapon.
I have lived in Washington SO years
and have travelled rather extensively In
this country. No criticism can convince
me that we do not have an excellent
police force. G. ". BURNSIDE.
Evening star., 1941-07-01
Wants Explanation.
OF $4,000 Mural.

OF $4,000 Mural.
To the Editor of The Star:
How it is that $4,000 mural in the
new Municipal Building can be paid
for from public funds and yet the
citizens of the District are forced to
pay ten cents admission to the Munich
pal Airport?
Those of us who pay our taxes are
justified, believe, in demanding a full
explanation, and public one at that
GEORGE K. ROGERS.
Evening star., 1941-07-01
Member of the Associated Press.

The Associated Press is exclusively entitled TO
the use for republication of all news dispatches
credited to it or not otherwise credited in this
paper and also the local news published herein.
All rights of publication OF special dispatches
herein also are reserved.
Evening star., 1941-07-01

Needlework-A 32-page booklet
giving the fundamental opera
tions of simple sewing and
knitting. A welcome aid to all
doing their bit of welfare work
for the war sufferers. Illustra-
tions are included to make the
directions clear. Do your share
of this work. To secure your copy
of this practical publication in
close 10 cents in coin, wrapped
in this clipping, and mail to The
Star Information Bureau.
Name
Address
Evening star., 1941-07-01
Defends Economic System"
Allegedly Worthy of Survival"

To the Editor of The Star:
In recent letter DR.. Olive Swezy
criticizes David Lawrence as chronic
plugger for big business and heckler
of the New Deal With this specious
preamble, she proceeds to harangue the
bourgeois on the advantages of govern
ment ownership because our capitalistic
economy blew a fuse in 1880. We are
told that in 1929 with national income
of IS billion dollars, 60eo of the people
received less than S2,000-all because big
business was in control working
selfishly for itself and not for the well
fare of the country.
Assuming that DR.. Swezy has an open
mind and uses statistics for their
factual accuracy and inescapable in
ference, the following is cited from
Federal Government publication, one
which should be carefully studied by
of the National Resources Committee,
showing consumer incomes in the
United States and their distribution in
1885, which year if my memory serves me
right, was not in the economic royalist
era
The national income in 1885 was almost
so billion dollars, or about 73qo of the 50
billion dollars DR.. Swezy quotes for 1929.
This report shows that the lower third
of cur people had incomes Of less than
$3.50, 300 of whom were on relief.
Nearly one half (47Pt) received less
than $1,000 and more than two-thirds
(69oc) received less than $500.
Though a reliable government report
refutes DR.. Swezy's criticisms and argu-
ments, what do they prove? Simply that
conditions are getting bad and neither
side has found the right answer. Like
many of us, Mr.. Lawrence is only ex-
pressing his justified faith in the
boundleSs worth of an economic system
which, even with its frankly confessed
faults and shortcomings, has made us
the greatest nation of all history. He
believes as most of us believe that it is
worthy of survival and that no other
system either through performance or
dependable promise has proven its
superiority. Adapt it we must to the
compulsions of inevitable change, but to
destroy it for faults and errors that
quickened social consciousness can
remedy, that would be an un-American
folly and Communistic dream.
THOMAS E. MATTINGLY, MI
Evening star., 1941-07-01

A reader can get the unStDer to any
question OF fact by Urttino The Eue-
ming Star Information Bureau, Fred
eric J. Hdskin, director, Washington,
d. C. Please inclose stamp for reply.
@. How much does 1t cost to feed this
United States Army?-E. T. H.
A. 1t is estimated that the cost Of
feeding the Army amounts tc approx
mateiy s750,00O a day.
O. What is the highest town In ths
world?-H. M. r.
A. Potosi, Bolivia, which is 1850 feet
above sea level, is the highest town in
the world.
c. How much should baby gain in
weight during his first yearP-C. o. r.
A. A baby should treble his birth
weight at year of age.
@. For what do the Chinese use the
gallstones of cattle?-H. S.
A. Gallstones are valued by the Chi
nese who wear them as amulets to ward
off evil spirits and diseases.
@. What composer of German ma
tionality is buried in Westminster Alb
bey?-T. P.
A. Georg Friedrich Handel is buried
in Westminster Abbey.
@. Please name the Presidents whose
widows are still living-T. E.
A. The widows of Presidents Cleveland,
Benjamin Harrison, Theodore Roosevelt.
Taft, Wilson and Coolidge are living.
@. What did the first year Of the
World War cost the United States?-
A. L. r.
A. On July 27, 1917 Secretary of the
Treasury McAdoo told the Senate FL
nance Committee that the first years
cost of the war to the United States
would amount to sll, ,651 1874 900.
Evening star., 1941-07-01
Tells of Northern Ireland's Help
For Cause of Liberty Among Men.

To the Editor Of The Star:
This year the Government of
0O0, 900 to the British Government. Last
year it gave $50 100000.
The Friendly Sons of st. Patrick con-
tributed to the Colonial Revolutionary
treasury $4,000. America, organ of the
Jesuits, in its issue of March %, 1918,
says this of the Friendly Sons: THE
Society of the Friendly Sons of st.
Patrick in New York was founded in
1874, and its founder, Daniel Mccormick,
for 40 years its president, was not
Catholic. He was for years the grand
high treasurer Of the New York Masons.
- The Irish merchants and profess
Evening star., 1941-07-01
Huskin's Answers
To Questions
BIZ Frederic J. HdSkin.

A reader can get the unsWer to any
question OF fact by writino The Eue-
ming Star Information Bureau, Fred
eric J. Haskin, director, Washington,
d. C. Please inclose stamp for reply.
Evening star., 1941-07-01

@. How much should a baby gain in
weight during his first year?-C. o. r.
A. A baby should treble his birth
weight at year of age.
Afro-American courier., 1941-07-01
PASSWORD 12-23-5-26
PROGRAM
EVENING SESSION

500 Reassembe Mr.. c. l.. Johnson, presiding.
Song Service-Star Bethel Baptist Church Choir
Invocaon-ReV Lewis Owens, Inverness.
Local Program Greenvle Local Lodges, Miss Beatrice
jackson, Mistress Of the Ceremonies.
Response behalf of Grand Lodge, Mr. l. E. Edwards
ADJOURNMENT.
THURSDAY MORNING, AUGUST 21, 1911
500 Deputy School, Mr.. F. c. Huddeson, presiding
all lodges Prize will be the deputy
who brings in the largest number of lodges.
Financial secretaries presidents and all deputies
asked to attend this meeting
Opening of the Grand Lodge Mr. r. j. uddeston
siding.
Music.
Scripture and Prayer-Rev Hail. Greenvie pastor A. NJ
E. Church, Greenvlle.
Supreme Inspectors Address-NIr F. C. Huddleston.
Comforting Degrees, F. c. uddleston E. Edwards, and
C. L. johnson.
Address-NIiss Beatrice Jackson, State President
Elks.
Standardization Bros. Quartette Yazoo City.
Lodge arranged in riualistc form, Cister L. johnson.
Song--Congregation.
Introduction of Guest Speaker-Nr T. j. IIuddeson.
Annual Address-NIr. Mer r. Epps, Division O Social
Studies, Tennessee A. & f. State College, Nashville,
Standardization Bros Quartete Yazoo City.
Special Selection-Solos, Duets Quartettes Etc.
PATRIOTIC ADDRESS-Mr. c. l.. Lee
turer.
IIiliard, Piano Accp, Eupora, Mississippi
ADJOURNMENT FOR DINNER
2:O0 Reassemble for parade.
Afro-American courier., 1941-07-01

Meeting of the Executive Board with report by hospital
secretary Mrs Elizabeth Huddleston.
80 Opening Of the Supreme Lodge Dr. L. T. Miller presiding
Song-Congregation.
Scripture and prayer-Rev. W. H. Whiting Grand Chap
lain.
Supreme Lodge arranged in rtualistic form, Mr. c. L.
Johnson, Supreme Grand Lecturer.
Remarks-Supreme list VicePresdent Mr.. l. e. Edwards
Supreme Custodian.
All delegates before the enrolment committee and
report for their lodges
Song Congregation
LODGE OF SORROW-T J. Huddleston, Custodian, pre-
siding.
Song-Congregation
Address-"Our Dead Rev w. H. Whiting Greenwood.
SoO-Mrs. Charlie W. Stewart Supreme Secretary va
City.
Address of Eulogy-The Mr.. E. J. Threadg pastor
Mt. Horeb Baptist Church, Greenvile
Signs and Symbols-T j. HuddlestOn, Custodian.
Report of Executive Board.
10 ADJOURNMENT.
80 Reassemble-AIr l. f. Edwards, presiding.
Song-Congregation
Introduction of Supreme President, Dr. L. Deane Green
Vile
Supreme Presidents Address.
Response-Dr. q. L. Toier, GreenyiIe.
SoIo-Ars, Mary Howard, Columbus.
Introduction Of Supreme Custodian-Rey A. W. Moore,
Greenwood.
Supreme Custodan's Address.
Response-Rev. K. c. Anderson Greenvlle.
OPEN FORUM "SHOULD MONTHLY DUES BE AC-
CEPTED OUTSIDE LODGE ROOM?"
ADJOURNMENT.
Afro-American courier., 1941-07-01
6-18-23 12-9-5-7-9.

4:3O A MAMMOTH PARADE ~ miles long will take place
Thursday down the popular streets OF Greenvlle under
three marshas be appointed by Custodian
will play the parade Greenville and Jack
This will be Joint parade of the Afro American
Daughters the Century Burial Association. All
lodges asked to take part in the parade floats
There will be for the best decorated
float Judges will be there determine the winner
parade will end with a Big Picnic.
EVENING SESSION
7 90 Reassemble Mr. l. L. Edwards, presiding.
Scripture and Rev W. H. Whiting, Grand Chaplain
Choir and Oratorical Contest.
All Solo, Quaree contestants who wish to take
part in the contest must send in their at
ANNOUNCEMENTS. ADJOURNMENT.
FRIDAY MORNING SESSION, AUGUST 23
Grand Lodge called to order T. j. Huddleston Custodian
Scripture prayer-Rev w. H. Whiting, Chap
lain.
Congregation
CENTURY BURIAL ASSOCIATION PROGRAM.
Carksdae Rev. +. F. Heron, presdng Columbus Mrs.
jamie F. Strnger, presiding Greenvie, Miss Beatrice
Jackson presiding; Natchez Mr. G. F. West presiding
Louisville Mrs. Veerne Williams presding Greenwood,
Mr.. John Edwards presiding; Jackson, Mr. E. G. Wallace
presiding. Remarks, MI. Willie Buckner, Batesvlle Mr..
Dns StarkVie
FRIDAY AFTERNOON SESSION.
IEr ADJ uhI.E.N Ill LOS,AL l.ODHf1o.
OUR MOTTO: LET DOWN YOUR BUCKET WHERE
YOU ARE"
L. T. MILLER, President
T. j. HUDDI4ESTON, Custodian
T. j. HUDDIESTON, JR. Custodian and Business Mgr
CHARLIE W. STEWART, Secretary
Afro-American courier., 1941-07-01

The morning session of the first day will consist of
the Lodge Sorrow and the Grand Lodge will our
respect to our loved who have departed this life
during the Grand Lodge and for this reason ali
delegates asked to be present at the opening hour
All lodges must send three delegates and all near
by lodges should bring their whole numbers. All
lodges must send 25 for each active member roll for
Grand Lodge Tax except financial secretaries and preS
dents who must represent with $100 Juvenile numbers
must represent with $1.00 each.
All financial secretaries asked to bring at least
20 applications Prizes will be given to the financial
secretary who brings the most applications to the Grand
Lodge with 25c each for adult applications In this
Grand Lodge stress is placed on the following policies
Grade "B", Grade "a Educator ($200.00) policy
and Royal ($300.00) policy. All delegates and mem
bers of the Afro-American Sons & Daughters must
prepared to stay at least three full days All
bers must purchase RIBBON BADGE at cost of 25c
before being admitted to the auditorium Must take the
4th and 9th DEGREE at cost of soc each, Grand
Lodge and 9th DEGREE at cost Of 81 90 each All dele
gates and officers must prepared to take the 9th
DEGREE a feature in this Grand Lodge. All
delegates asked to bring 10 applications, for the
Grand Lodge this year will mean membership drive
to enlarge organization. Juveniles will be used
stantly throughout the meetings.
Afro-American courier., 1941-07-01

Room and board will be $125 per day. Deputies and
State Organizers asked to bring new lodge with
at least 20 applications. All committees will be ap-
pointed at the Grand Lodge Several young men and
will compete for Supremacy in the Oratorlcal
Contest 1s prize $780, Second prize $3.50 where there
three contestants All lodges are asked to
bring 81 for the Linen Shower for the Afro American
Hospital and this provision will be enforced, will
be enlisted at the close of the Lodge of Sorrow.
There will be contests for Solos, Duets, Quartetes,
Choruses and Senior Chors. st. Paul Glee Club CleVe
land and Beulah Land Baptist Church Choir Yazoo
City. Other chors may join.
A REAL KING OR QUEEN to the financial secre-
tary bringing in the most applications to the 18th
Grand Lodge will be crowned King Queen of the Afro
American Sons & Daughters, and will remain for the
next Grand Lodge year The crowning of said King or
Queen will take place in the Grand Lodge The crown
ing of the King Queen will be by the Custodian T.
j. IIuddleston, his appointee, and will ride in
Il special float in the parade.
ALL COMMITTEES WILL REPORT TO 7. J. HUD
DLESTON, JR.
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1941-05-31
Montana Has Everything
Except Big Men And Money

Montana has iron deposits quantities equal to the great
range Minnesota and in quality superior the
limestone formation 1t
seuxng and contains little silica and therefore can De smell
ed much eheaply than any other iron ores
In addition this ron Montana has the greatest known de
continent unlimited
quantity manganese In addition Montana has mdeveoped
deposits nearby Nehart and elsewhere has cobalt
and other metals essential to steel manufacture.
The state of Washington has electric at Bonneville
make the worlds finest utilizing Swedish processes The
industry east dependent upon foreign
for its chrome and other strategic
be readily adapted the of domestic materials
1t opportunity for plants with metallurgy.
Montana and Washington everything that needed
establish western steel industry that will and per-
hap the nation during coming and after the
will make possible highly profitable trade with the Orient
peing the basis of any possible economic order.
Montana and Washington apparently have everything except
ing TWO factors
% Men of sufficient vision and ability and
(2) Money