davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1941-08-19
Civil War?

Two more nations are on the verge
of joining the free-for- -all-except-
taxpayers world struggle. These are
Almat and Kotmk. Neutrals claim
that Kotmk is the aggressor. as its
troops plainly are preparing to in
wade the sacred confines of Almat in
sweeping hordes. But Premier Ko-
dunkis, of the potential invaders,
claims his mobilization is strictly a
defensive move. "Our government"
he says. "has suffered handicaps and
been Inundated for twenty-five
years. If complete settlement OF our
just claims is not effected within
forty-eight hours, we will withdraw
from the negotiations.
All this has a familiar ring, even
including the relative unpronounce-
ability of Kotmk 1t is intended to.
In reality, these nations are the
old-time Reds and Blues OF war
maneuvers, brought up to date.
1IOOPS llOiil 12l000AAAd, A<SAA'A0AAN,
Mississippi, Arkansas and Tennessee,
by using the initial letters of these
States, constitute the sham nation
of Almat. In the same fashion, the
Kotmk's come from Kentucky, Okla
hona, Texas, Missouri and Kansas.
They, together with Premier Ko-
dunkis, are merely an invention OF
the Second Army headquarters press
section, ostensibly to get away from
the shopworn Reds and Blues in the
maneuvers of earlier years. But by
this fiction they have brought sham
battles really up to date. No one
can say that developments in Europe
are not well simulated In the forth
coming battle next month. 4
Evening star., 1941-08-19

@. What do people IN the United states
spend for crossing toll bridges?-H. L. r.
A. Approximately s76,00o,00o q year
is expended in tolls.
@. Where do passenger liners obtain
their drinking water?-W. L. II.
A. Enough fresh water for drinking
purposes is carried by ocean liners On
each voyage. For emergency purposes,
a machine is provided to convert salt
water into fresh water.
@. Who originated the idea Of period
costumes on the stage?-E. L. x.
A. Francois Joseph Talna 076s-fS9o).
a French trasedian. introduced the prac-
tice of dressing IN costume appropriate
to the time and country Of the play.
@. What is the salary OF q rural naan
carrier?-A. F.
A. On a standard daily route Of ~
miles the salary is 81 300 year, with an
additional $50 mile a year for each
mile or major fraction thereof IN excess
of "A miles.
O. How large was President woodrow
wilson's vocabulary?-S. r. NJ.
A. He had a vocabulary of $1,000 words.
@. What is the highest priced timber
In the United States?-C. H. T.
A. According to the annual report OF
the Forest Service, the highest-priced
timber comes from the native American
black walnut. Black walnut logs brought
an average price of s86.21 per thousand
board feet for all States.
@. How long has vanilla been used for
fiavoring?-T. S. Il.
A. When the Spaniards first landed in
Mexico, they found the Aztecs fiavoring
chocolate with vanilla.
@. What famous painting was 50
blackened with smoke that 1t was con-
sidered worthless?-C. J. D.
A. When Napoleon wss carrying of
art treasures from Italy to Paris, Titianis
"The Assumption of the Madonna" was
so blackened with candle smoke that
the French commissioners considered 1t
not worth taking away and it was left
in Venice.
@. What was the record time In the
World War for building a vessel?-F.
N. B.
A. The record for the fastest building
of a vessel was made by the New York
Shipbuilding Corp. at Camden, N. J.
The S. S. Tuckahoe, a 5,500-ton collier.
800 feet long, was put to sea with full
cargo on the 40th day after the keel
was laid.
O. What is finnan haddie?-J. o.
A. Finnan haddie Is smoked haddock,
said to be named from the town Of
Findon or of Dindhorn, both in Scotland.
Evening star., 1941-08-19
Wants Universal Service
To the Nation in Present Crisis.

Congress finally has enacted legisla-
ton to hold draftees 1s months longer
in the armed forces of the United States.
In view of the grave danger that threat
ems the country, 1t Is well that this has
been done. A democracy not only con-
fers benefits upon its citizens; it imposes
responsibilities also. So 1t Is well that
these young men and boys who have
been selected should accept their re-
sponsibility and make the sacrifice that
Is required Of them.
What Is not so well Is that the re-
sponsibility and the sacrifice should be
required of so small part of the pub
lie. The benefits of q democratic form
of government are shared by all. Why
should the sacrifices involved be de-
manded Of so few? True, because OF
age or physical condition we cannot all
bear arms. But surely there Is some
form of service that all normal adults
could be required to give their country.
Some of us, it may be pointed out, pay
direct taxes. And we shall have these
taxes doubled, tripled or even quadrupled
next year. This also applies only to a
small minority Of American citizens.
Even so, what are taxes compared with
two and q half of the best years Of ones
life and the possibility that in addition
there may be the requirement for the
supreme sacrifice?
Many persons would welcome the OPP
portunity to serve to the extent OF their
ability If their country requested that
of them. Many would feel deeper stake
in their country If they were called upon
to make some sacrifice for it. It is not
inconceivable that people united in
some form of universal national service
might develop a stronger love for de-
mocracy and a nearer approach to true
democracy than one composed largely
of those who take its fruits but make no
contribution in return.
Whatever the attitude with regard to
universal compulsory national service,
there is one thing that should be axio-
matte at the present time. When we
are demanding sacrifices from part Of
the youth Of the country for the pro-
lection Of all, would it not be well to
see that those who are exempt from this
sacrifice are not allowed to profit from
tho national emergency? Why should
any group or special interest be per-
mitted to make personal capital out Of
the present dtuation7 4. MCLEAN.
Evening star., 1941-08-19
Hoskin's Answers
To Questions
BIZ Frederic J. RdSktr.

By Frederic J. HGSktn.
reader can get the dnstDer to any
question of fact by ,Oriting The Eue-
nina Star Information Bureau, Fred
eric J. Haskin, director, Washington,
d. c. Please irclose stamp for reply.
@. How much traffic is there through
the Panama Canal?-L. r. z.
A. In the fiscal year ending June 80,
1910, vessels of all kinds passing through
the canal numbered 5,370. The tonnage
of cargo transported was 24,l44,366.
@. What proportion Of letters mailed
90 to the dead letter ofice?-R. P. C.
A. Out of every thousand letters
mailed, only one reaches a dead letter
branch of the post Office.
@. In a practice jump, how long does
1t take a parachutist to reach the
ground?-M. r. H.
A. At an altitude of $50 feet, from
which most practice jumps are made, it
takes a parachutist about ga seconds to
hit the ground.
Q. How many lakes are there in
Maine?-P. j. H.
A. The State contains $500 lakes.
@. Is it true that any one cannot go
to Mexico to live without having fixed
income2-C. j. H.
A. Persons who wish to establish resi-
dence in Mexico must either invest
considerable amount of capital. or they
must receive an assured income from
source outside of Mexico.
O. Has the horse outlived its useful.
ness in the Army?-C. r.
A. On the contrary, they are so valu-
able as pack animals that the Quarter
master Corps in the fiscal year 1941
bought % 948 horses, or II times as many
as in an ordinary year.
Evening star., 1941-08-19

of the agencies with which he has to
work. 1t is essential that he do so,
for his Job, important at any time,
is especially vital in this period Of
rapid population growth and in
creasing industrial activity.
Evening star., 1941-08-19

Care of the Feet-A 32-page
booklet of authoritative general
information on treatment of foot
ills, foot hygiene and simple forms
OF exercise that will strengthen
and improve the feet. 1t supple
ments the work of the specialist
by telling you what you car do
and what you should not attempt
to do in caring for the feet. To
secure your copy of this helpful
publication inclose 10 cents in coin.
wrapped in this clipping. and mail
to The Star Information Bureau.
Name
Address
Evening star., 1941-08-19

for the future beautlful Arlington Gene
terry, the resting place of their own hon.
ored dead: and a second shock came
when Congress so readily agreed to the
scheme.
To many people the whole matter has
all the earmarks of very questionable
deal, and there should be a public hear
ing, where the public may learn just
who is responsible for the plan and
also who might profit from it,
After all, s35 ,000,00o is large enough
amount to permit of much honest
graft TURNING WORM.
Approves Peace Program
OF Democratic Leaders.
To the Editor of The Star:
The Roosevelt Churchill peace plan Is
a refreshing contrast to the totalitarians'
design for a new world order. 1t recog-
nizes man as a human being and not
a mere cog in gigantic machine.
This eight point declaration is in truth
a restatement of the principles of the
American Constitution and broadening
of the application of the Bill of Rights.
1t is too early to tell what the effects
of the publication of this historic docu-
ment will be, but it is reasonable to as
sumo that it must have rekindled new
hope and fresh courage in the hearts
of conquered peoples. 1t also should
inspire those who are engaged in tho
struggle against the aggressoSs because
1t defines the democracies' war objec-
tive-the destruction of tyranny and the
establishment of universal peace.
The world, of course, has not forgotten
what happened to President Wilson's
fourteen points. But 1t certainly was
not his fault that short-sighted poll
ticians prevented them FROM becoming
an effective instrument of peace. There
might have been good reasons for ques-
tioning the practicability of the VIII
sonian doctrine as a formula of peace,
but the basic principles enunciated there
in seemed sound enough and merited
an honest trial: and if it had been tried
the world might have been spared the
present catastrophe war;
BY the generous terms contained in
the Roosevelt Churchill peace aims, it
appears that the present leaders of the
democracies have learned lessons from
the failure of the League of Nations to
function as it was intended and the
futility of the attempt of the victorious
to bleed and starve to death the van
quished nations. They no doubt realize
that there can be no permanent peace
unless its structure is based on justice.
There seems to be no sound reason why
human beings, whose intelligence has
enabled them to overcome prodigious
obstacles on land, sea and air, cannot
work out fair economic and political
system which would eliminate the causes
of frequent strife. The people of the
whole world are sick unto death of the
ravages Of wars and are only waiting for
deliverance. Z. B. ACIAO.
Evening star., 1941-08-19
Letters to the Editor

Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address OF
the aoriter, although the use of
q pseudonym for publication is
permissible. The Star reserves
the right to edit all letters iDith
Uie10 to condensation.
Evening star., 1941-08-19
POTOMAC HEIGHTS.

I'VE will gladly trade you our catbirds
for your mocker.
For two seasons now these two pair
have been the bullies in our garden.
Where we once hai goldfnches, wrens,
thrushes. white -throated sparrows, song
sparrows and numerous other attractive
species, they have been driven entirely
away by the catbirds.
I'm fact, these gray villains will even
chase human beings, dogs and cats away
from their domain, being very bold
and vicious.
THE only birds willing to fight the
catbirds, and successfully, have been the
cardinals, a pair of which have raised
two broods this season in the vine on
the porch, an ideal place for closeup
observation.
1--WE have enjoyed your column for
several years. Our garden normally Is
a choice place for bird study, being not
too carefully cultivated and pruned, and
within close range of the river.
Sincerely, j. H. F."
CHEVY CHASE, Md.
Dear Sir:
1T appears that once again the mock
insbird has become the whipping boy of
your otherwise estimable column and
the target for half baked observations
concerning its song and habits. I base
this on the statement in your column of
August that he is both a bully and a
braggart' and that when it comes to
singing we would rather hear a catbird.'
"A statement such as the above ap-
pears, at least to me, to spring from
faulty observation of the habits and
songs of birds in general and the mock
ingbird IN particular. 1t certainly does
not bespeak an impartial or trained
observation.
Regarding the inference contained in
your gratuitous statement that the cat
bird is the better singer, am sure you
will be hard pressed to find authorities
to agree with you. The catbird, gentle
man that he is, justly rates high place
among our songsters, certainly among
the first five If not the first three mock
ingbird, brown thrasher-a bird you
should get TO know better-and the cat
bird). but to an unbiased mind he must
yield place to the mocker. Concerning
this point. call your attention to the
statement regarding the mockingbird
which appears in the Book of Birds, pub
lished by the National Geographic So
ciety. 1t reads in part as follows:
Habits and economic status: Because Of
its incompatible medleys and initiative
powers, the mockingbird is the most re-
nowned singer Of the Western Hemi-
sphere Surely, on the basis Of your
admittedly limited experience in bird
observation. you will not presume to
challenge this statement.
please be assured that have no de-
sire to enter into controversy over the
mockingbird. His place has been estab-
lished by students and lovers of birds
whose knowledge Of their habits and
songs surpass my knowledge and dare
say yours. The mockingbird needs no
defender among those of us who have
Evening star., 1941-08-19
Readers Discuss
Site Of War Building.

10 the Editor 81 The Star:
I want to congratulate you on the
covering you have given to the question
of the proposed War Department build
ing to be located in Arlington County.
1t is gratifying to see paper so alive
to what promises to be monumental
error in the history of the plan of Wash
ington. noted that from the very first
you covered this not only In the news
columns, but editorially as well. There
is no question but what those of us
professionally interested in the architec-
ture and plan of Washington appreciate
your attitude.
There may still be a chance to get
some compromise and the one I suggest
is that the building be made temporary"
so that when this mess Is overland the
error of the project is realized-it can
be torn down without regrets and with
out too much loss of money. Then the
reduced personnel can be housed in the
Northwest Rectangle as now planned.
1t seems impossible to correct the error
of thinking that a building of three
stories and 100000 square feet can be
efficient for one department. 1t Is doubt
full If 1t would be as efficient as the
present II separate buildings.
ARCHITECT.
To the Editor OF The Star:
No matter how many new streets are
cut to the Lincoln Memorial to accelerate
traffic to the Memorial Bridge and to
the proposed new War Department
building, drivers will find 1t impossible
in the morning and in the evening to
get between the Lincoln Memorial and
the river.
The more roads opened to that bottle
neck, the worse. Let any Senator or
Representative 60 to the narrow drive
ways to the north and to the south of
the Lincoln Memorial near the bridge
and he will realize the truth of this
statement.
The Lincoln Memorial would have to
be removed to make the driveways wider.
Even then the congestion would be
terribly dangerous for blocks. The
bridge, even If trafic could get by, would
have to be made a one-way passage for
a goodly period morning and evening to
afford room for the traffic to cross.
There is enough space in Washington
to accommodate five or six different
buildings for the War Department, near
together if desired, reachable over all
the streets of the Rity, with sewerage and
water mains all in. Not over 5000 peo-
pie should be put in any one building.
Each structure should be five or six
stories high with elevators, which would
be more convenient for the Army per-
sonnel and business visitors than 36
acres Of three-story building with no
elevators.
Putting the whole department in one
building would not make for efficiency.
Half dozen buildings in the city, near
together, would permit some of them to
be used after the war for other pur-
poses. H. G. M.
To the Editor Of The Star:
It was great shock to many people
to learn that the Army and Navy had
Evening star., 1941-08-19

70 the Editor Of The Bar:
It was q great shock to many people
to learn that the Army and Navy had
combined In . shady scheme to despoil
Evening star., 1941-08-19

OV W TE DUT UII'
(This is the second Of q series by
leading American writers on The
World We Want to Live In," theme
of the Williamstown Institute OF
Human Relations at williams College,
August "a to 49,
Evening star., 1941-08-19

@. What is finnan haddie?-J. o.
A. Finnan haddie Is smoked haddock,
said to be named from the town Of
Findon or of Dindhorn, both in Scotland.
The Wrangell sentinel., 1941-11-07
aRVER Mnn0

Well, well here we are again to give you all the gossip of ". II. s.
 To start with we want to congrat- ulate the girls that gave that swell Halloween party. I'm sure every one had a supertime!!!
 Ethel seemed like her own self again. Could Eddie be the cause? !? ?
 Barney and Berry seemed kinda lonely at the party-Could you tell us about it girls???
 We can't forget Barbara and Dick, who seemed to be doing OK. for themselves!
 We noticed Helena making eyes at Reggie. Isn't it a shame he had to leave so early!!
 Whats this we hear about Patty being Conrad's heart throb? How about it Patty?
 Cliff and Doris were all for each other, and if we noticed danced eV- cry dance together!
 Other couples seen together that night were Emmy Lee and Bill, and Tiny and Berkley.
 Now that we've given you all the low down on the Party, we'll be signing off until next time.
The Wrangell sentinel., 1941-11-07
PROJECTS BEING
 PLANNED HERE BY WILDLIFE SERVICE

Various projects for future un- dertaking in this district are being considered by the Fish and Wildlife Service, Chamber of Commerce was informed at it's Monday luncheon meeting in Civic Center by Fish and Wildlife Agent Marcus Meyers. His department. Agent Meyers said, is seeking suggestions for projects of various kinds which might be undertaken after the national de- fense effort Projects would include streams improvements, building trails. roads. creating marshes for waterfowl, re stocking barren streams, etc. Other government de- partments, it is understood. are looking to the future along similar lines with the thought of taking up the slack after the present emer- gency is over.
 Chamber voted to continue air port effort. following up through it's harbor and airport committee with communications to Gov. Err nest Gruening, CAA Director Mar shall Hopping and Regional Pores ter B. Frank Heintzleman. Sugges- ton has been made that the air port might be undertaken as a CCC project for the clearing and prelim-
The Wrangell sentinel., 1941-11-07

mary work of getting 1t in shape.
 City Councilman George Gunder- son reported the Council was now considering new lighting program Tor the town and also taking action In connection with stricker enforce ment of curfew and liquor closing hours
 The Chamber will lend is support to the Salvation Army Congress
 aieh opens here next Friday and r. j. Mcbride was appointed to re- present the Chamber at the recep- ton for Commissioner Benjamin Orames on the evening of November Il.
 s. l.. Johnson. Railway Express route agent was a guest of the Chamber.
The Wrangell sentinel., 1941-11-07
The Basketball Scene At W. H. S

lt won't be long now!
 Just about month of school days until the first game of the season, and with that in view, here are some of the statistics.
 There was quite a turn out this year. There are some new faces and some old ones too; all good players. But as you can see for yourself, here is the list of turn outs:
 Vernon Wies, Barney IVerson, Dick Stokes, Ray Lewis, Francis Churchill, Chuck Jenkins, Lew Will Hams, Cliff Thompson, Reginald Johnson, Don Blake, Berkley Sur teyant, Odd sundberg, Howard Ben jamin, and Tiny Ferguson. Quite a formidable list of names, and they'll look even more formidable on the gym floor.
 But when, you ask are these games to take place?
The Wrangell sentinel., 1941-11-07
1941 Roll Call. Gets Underway.
 Mon. Morning.
.AII out for the Red Crogs. ,


 With this timely and appropriate phrase as their theme for the 1941 Red Cross Roll Call, a corps of work. CTS representing some sixteen clubs unions, and other organizations Oi Wrangell will get set on Monday morning fo rthe most intensive mem bership campaign in Red Cross peaeetime history.
 Americas national defense efforts require a great expansion of all Am eriean Red Cross activities, k. R. Sharnbroich, chairman of the local chapter, declared today in urging 'aIl-out' support of the greatest drive the Red Cross has ever at tempted. We must go over the top in this Roll Call because the con tinuance of the national Red Cross depends upon the success of each lo- cal chapter in appealing for mem bers" added Mr. Sharnbroich.
 J R. Brown, Roll Call Chairman, has a very complete organization ready to work and it is hoped that every man and woman in Wrangell and a great number of the young people will be contacted for mem- bership. You will know the Roll Call workers by their Badge. You can aid them by offering your member ship to the first one you happen to meet. After joining, il is requested that you wear your Red Cross but ton to indicate your membership and thus avoid a second tagging" Wrangell has always gone over the top in her Red Cross drives and it is expected that in this emergency the response will be even greater.
 In common with the American people who make up it's membership. the Red Cross must look into a fu- ture with is not pretty. Even as it prays for a clear and peaceful road ahead, it is readying itself for any disaster, any calamity. This takes more than skilled planning and care- full thinking. It takes funds! To ob- tain these funds chapters have beenI asked to boost their goals half again above their former goals-a national membership of over 18,0O0, 1000 is be- ing sought for 194I.
 The theme has been sounded TheI time is now here. Wrangell will show that it is All out for the Red CToss!"
The Wrangell sentinel., 1941-11-07
Wrangell Hi-Lines
Joan Mccormack, Editor
An Interview from one of our new
 Staff Teachers

An Interview from one of our new
 Staff Teachers
 Quite different from all of the pre- conceived ideas of Alaska. Miss Hell en Mary Moore found WrangelI to be.
 From the moment of her first brief glimpse of the village at 3:30 a. m September ?, visions of Male mutes, Eskimos, polar bears, icebergs and beWhiskered sourdoughs vanish ed.
 However. the picturesqueness of the island and the rugged beauty Of the mainland will recompense some what for the Ioveliness she left be- hind in Oregon, the state she calls home, and for the beauty of the Hawaiian Islands where she attend ed the University of Hawaii last summer.
 Miss Moore. who is the new Home Economies teacher in Wrangell Hi, is a graduate of the school of Home Economies of the Oregon State Col lege at Corvallis and the Lewis Training School for Hotel Executives in Washington, D. c.
 She taught Home Economics inI the Molalla High School at Molalla, Oregon last year. Prior to her work there, Miss Moore was a supervisor in 0lney Inn at Olney. Maryland. Ol-I ney Inn, which ranks third highestI in excellence among inns in the Un- tied States. is located 20 miles from D. c.
 The inn caters almost entirely to a distinguished elientile from the National capital, and Miss Moore while there had the privilege of meeting many people prominent among the law makers of the United States.