davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1941-05-26
Reminds 1910 Candidates
OF Promises to Voters.
To thu Editor Of The Star:

To the Editor of The Star:
The most important issue debated
during the 1910 campaign was whether
the United States should 90 to war or
remain at peace. We all know, believe.
that domestic issues were overshadowed
by the zeal of the candidates. who appro-
priated every available minute Of radio
time to impress the public with their
promises that no American boy would be
sent to foreign lands to fight and die. A
majority felt that Mr. Roosevelt was
the better fitted candidate to prevent
such an eventuality, and while Mr.
Willkie rounded up a tremendous num-
Der of votes as result of his fervent
assurances to American mothers that he
would keep us out of war, the promises
of the former, bolstered by New Deal
handouts. carried greater weight.
Mr.. Willkie subsequently said that his
most important charge against the ad-
ministration was campaign oratory"
and that he now favors proposals which.
If adopted, will result in the death Of
American boys, either in the air, on the
velt has admitted that conveys mean
shooting war, and has sanctioned
speeches of cabinet members and urged
other administrative yes-men to beat
the drums for Intervention. All of
which is contradictory to the most soul
stirring promises that the American pub
lie has ever been privileged to hear
Well, the damage is done. Those OF
us opposed to war or proposals likely to
involve us in war fnd ourselves under
the leadership Of an administration
which is following an opposite course.
Yet if we had voted the other way, we
would find ourselves in the same if not
q worse predicament.
Whether we be Democrats or Repub-
licans doesn't matter now. There are
about 81 per cent Of US of both political
faiths still opposed to war. and the ques-
tion Of keeping out transcends all po-
ltical differences we may have.
JAY HENRY.
Evening star., 1941-05-26
By the Ocean

By the gray sea, on this still, misty
day
/ stand alone. Belop me, the waves
crash
In endless lines of uhitely toamino
spray,
Singing q mu1Ted music as they
dash.
The trees behind me ,ohisper in the
Dind
That rises softly from the halt
hidden sea;
A little Uhile the blue-ordy mist is
thtnned
And far ship shotDs white sails
suddenly.
This is peaceful place. A little
Dhile
My mind torgets that there Is
death and pur.
My heart finds rest here on this quiet
isle
Where SeaguLs nest along the
rocky shore
Here, tDhere the salt tDindS sing q
cheerful song,
! find the healing / haze sought -
a1 IxkTNX Axw.
Evening star., 1941-05-26
Whot About Iceland?

The sinking of the giant battle
cruiser Hood in a naval battle off the
coast of Greenland fought by the
most powerful capital ships of both
the British and German fleets en-
phasizes the Importance of nearby
Iceland. This large island, lying less
than 800 miles east of Greenland, is
the strategic key point of the whole
sub-Arctic Ocean area which
stretches between America and Eu-
rope and forms the shortest seaway
between them.
Iceland and Greenland are both
curiously Unnamed. While Green
land is buried deep beneath huge
ice cap, Iceland is saved from
similar fate by the Gulf Stream,
which keeps its excellent harbors
open the year round and gives it a
climate singularly mild for those high
latitudes. However, the summers are
too cool for raising foodstuffs, so the
fringe of fertile land along the coasts
Is devoted to grazing for sheep and
hardy cattle. The volcanic interior
is almost uninhabited These handi-
caps keep down the population,
which numbers only 10000 on an
island two-thirds the size Of New
England
Britain keenly appreciates Ice
lands strategic Importance. When
Germany occupied Denmark over
year ago as part of its great west
ward smash across Europe to an
ocean frontage, a British expedition
ary force promptly occupied Iceland,
which was connected with Denmark.
by having the same King. Ever since,
Iceland has served as valuable way
station for conveys and naval pa
trols The British troops in Iceland
are supposed to number 5000, mostly
Canadians, and well supplied with
artillery, tanks and aircraft to guard
against a possible German invasion.
Nevertheless, there is reason to
believe Germany may be planning
such stroke. For some time past,
British intelligence reports massing
of troops, merchant ships and trans
: port planes in Norway on a for
midable scale. While this may be
part of a scheme for the concentric
invasion of Britain, the Iceland VEN
ture looks still more likely. And the
current air blitz on Crete reveals its
feasibility.
To be sure, the distance factor
would be heavy handicap, Iceland
being at least eight times as far from
the nearest German bases in Norway
as Crete is from the Greek mainland.
But, once safely arrived, the Ger
man invaders could obtain footholds
more easily. Iceland is twelve times as
big as Crete but has an even sparser
population, unarmed and averSe to
war. German air fleets could land
unopposed in the uninhabited in
terror of Iceland and have plenty OF
time to get organized before they
were detected and hunted down.
Even 10000 British troops cannot be
everywhere, and would have to be
spread thin over so large an area in
face Of constant landings on the
Cretan scale.
Ths momentous consequences Of .
Evening star., 1941-05-26
Recalls an Ancient Fable
Still Worth Remembering.
To the Editor of The a.

AZ tuc LultOT OF Inc Star:
came across this quotation from
Aesop's Fables the other day, which car
rles moral which all the freedom-loy-
Ing nations of the world would do well tn
ponder: Some pigeons had long lived in
fear OF kite, but by being always on the
alert and keeping near their dove-cote
they had contrived hitherto to escape the
attacks of the enemy. Finding his sallies
unsuccessful, the kite betook himself to
craft. Why, said he, do you prefer this
life of continual anxiety, when If YOU
would only make me your king I would
secure you from every attack that could
be made upon you?' The pigeons, trust
ing to his professions, called him to the
throne, but no sooner was he established
there than he exercised his prerogatiye
by devouring pigeon day. Whereupon
one that yet awaited his turn said no
more than: 1T serves us right"
Human nature seems TO have been
much the same In 600 BIC. as it is now..z
ERIC UNDERWOOD.
Evening star., 1941-05-26

from a highly strategic railhead
which they had previously captured.
This sounds like rather strange mill
tary procedure and tends to confirm
the Chinese claim.
Far to the northward, in the prov
ince of Shansi, things are likewise
unfavorable for the Japanese, If the
Communist daily newspaper pub
lished in Chungking, the capital Of
Free China, can be believed. This
official party organ states that the
18th Army, a Communist outfit, was
participating in battles against the
Japanese in Shansi. If true, it indi-
Gates that the Chinese Communists
still are making common cause with
Chiang's Nationalist government, in
spite of the RusSo-Japanese accord.
Japan's progress in Southeast Asia
likewise appears to be running into
fresh obstacles. For some time past
the Japanese government has been
pressing for new commercial ar
rangements with the Netherlands
Indies which would give Japan a
larger share Of its coveted products.
Negotiations have not run smoothly,
so the Toxic press has launched a
campaign bristling with pointed
warnings and threats. But, far from
browbeating the proverbially stub
born Hollanders, the result has been
to stiffen their resistance, and semi
official adviceS from Batavia, capital
of the Netherlands Indies, state that
a firm stand in the negotiations will
be maintained.
Of course, these are isolated Incl
dents in very broad picture. Yet
they all point the same way and in
dicate the manifold obstacles which
Japan must cope with and overcome
in its ambitious march toward DOM
ination Of the Orient.
Evening star., 1941-05-26
Huskin's Answers
To Questions
BIZ Frederic J. Hasktn.


A reader can get the ansper to any
question OF fact by tDrittno The Epe"
ming Star Information Bureau, Fred
eric J. Hdskin, director, Washington,
D. c. Please inclose stamp for reply.
@. What is the first instance Of direct
Federal aid to the unemployed7-N. L. T.
A. In the unusually bitter winter Of
1929 Federal authorities directed that
50 cords Of wood be provided for the
poor of the District of Columbia.
@. Is coffee used for any purpose other
than as a beverage?-A. A.
A. In Brazil there is factory which
makes plastics from coffee.
@. What part of the boundary line be-
tween the United States and Canada 10
water?-W. D. I.
A. A little over half Of the 3,9s7-mile
boundary line between the United States
and Canada Is water.
@. How fast does q carrier pigeon
travel?-L. T.
A. A carrier pigeon averages about 30
miles an hour.
Q. Is Staten Island. N. Y, larger than
Manhattan Island?-P. L.
A. The area of Staten Island is 81
square miles; that OF Manhattan only %
square miles.
Evening star., 1941-05-26
his article by stating that the new party

his article by stating that the new party
plans to restrict the teaching of English
in public schools. Again he is correct.
but fails to mention that this plan mere
ly follows the recommendations OF sew
eral educational commissions. notably
that of Columbia University
Time and space restrain me from TAX
ing up Mr. Wilson'S statements one by
one. although they should be dealt witt,
more extensively b. an abler writer than
myself, whose only motive in replyinr
to Mr. Wilson is my residence in Puer. .
Rico of over 80 years and my desire =
see fair play. WALTER NICK. JONES.
Evening star., 1941-05-26

German conquest of Iceland are self
evident. In German hands, Iceland
would be deadly threat to sea COM
munications between America and
the British Isles. Here, indeed,
would be a challenge to Britain's
lifeline! Yet the challenge may soon
come. Crete is an ominous portent.
Evening star., 1941-05-26
Tells Of Tribute to Author
OF "Star Spangled Banner"

10 the Editor Of The Star:
In This Week Magazine for May 1s,
In the article entitled "She Knows All
the Answers" page six, there are eight
questions, which are answered on page
16. The answer to the second question
says that the American flag is flown
ofdcially after sunset only on the Senate
and House Office Buildings and the
Capitol. I had understood that it flies
"a hours day over the grave OF Francis
Scott Key IN Frederick, Md.
ROBERT LORENZ HANSEN,
Evening star., 1941-05-26

@. Does one get more light from one
bulb of high voltage or from several
small ones, having the same total volt
age?-D. S.
A. One light bulb Of high volta
supplies more light than several sn
bulbs Of the same total voltage.
Q. When did tn. first airplane c.
the Atlantic?-T. L. r.
A. The first crossing of the Allan
by airplane was between May 8-3l, lel
when three Navy NC flying boats We
from Trepassey Bay, Newfoundland, L
Lisbon, Portugal.
@. What President Of the United
States served In three wars7-M. p. D.
A. Andrew Jackson served in the Rev
olutionary War, Indian wars and til
War OF 1872,
Q. Has the football scoring record Z
Red Grange ever been exceeded?-D.
A. Tom Harmon OF the University
Michigan football team broke the i
year record of Red Grange by scoring
touchdowns in three years.
@. What is the word for the vertic-
groove between the center OF the nose
and the upper ip?-J. j. w
A. Philtrum is the term applied to the
vertical groove on the median line OF
the upper lip.
@. To whom did Theodore Roosevelt
noafhafa'o
H. I. A.
A. Theodore Roosevelt applied this
term to President Wilson. The oticials
of Byzantium were called Losothetes.
men Of learning" The term has been
defined by Prof. Basil Gildersleeve a.
"a scrivener," a subordinate who draw:
up papers.
@. What do the hearts, spades, di"-
monds and clubs on playing cards rep
"esent?-B I. S.
A. Espada, the Spanish word for swor
Indicating nobility, has become a spade.
Hearts represent the gems de choeur
the ecclesiastics. Clubs represent the
trefoil and symbolise the peasantry.
Diamonds represent square tiles SYM
bolizing the merchants.
@. Does the brovnish color on tin
pans impair their cooking eticiency'-
!. N.
A. The brownish color on tin pans is
tin oxide and this is a better conductor
Of heat than tin itself. This explains in
part why cakes brown better on the
bottom in old tin pans than in ne
ones.
@ Who were the CZecho-S -Slovakis
representatives when the Munich pac
was signed?-A. c. A.
A. The Munich pact was signed By
representatives Of Germany, the United
Kingdom, France and Italy. Two
Czecho- -Slovakians were invited to be OBJ
servers. These were Huber Masaryk of
the Czecho-Slovakian Foreign Once and
DR.. Vojtech Mastny, the Czecho-slovak-
ian Minister to Berlin.
@. What is a navicert?-R. T.
A. A navicert is contraction Of the
words navigation certificate, paper issued
by British government to merchant YES
sells certifying that the cargo is not con-
signed to Germany. Obviates delay OF
search at contraband control stations.
Evening star., 1941-05-26
Letters to the Editor

Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address OF
the tUriter, although the use OF
q pseudonynl for publication is
permissible. The Star reserves
the right to edit all letters uith
q Uiep to condensation.
Evening star., 1941-05-26

The Treasury is preparing to tap
corporations more. The trick is to
refrain from doing it so hard that
it will result in taps for the corpora
tion, speaking in military sense.
Evening star., 1941-05-26

The Greco British Army in Crete
is up against an old problem in mod
ern form-what to do about hordes
Of unwelcoms guests who drop Ia
Una4uootodly.
Evening star., 1941-05-26
Says Union Members
Are Good Citizens.

To the Editor Of Ths Star:
The people wanted the lease-lend bill
and Congress passed it. Congress then
Immediately got busy on tax bill to
support the lease-lend bill and the pub
lie expected that. The people also ex-
pected their moneys worth but are not
getting it.
Congress has allowed strikes which
not only slow down production but also
increase the cost of articles produced.
If it is reelection that is worrying the
gentlemen on Capitol Hill they should
remember that at least 95 per cent of
the men carrying union cards are good
citizens and vote as they think best.
This was proven In the last election.
W. q. CULVER.
Evening star., 1941-05-26

Flags of the United States-The
latest offering Of this bureau gives
the history of our national and
State flags. All lone in true color
"a delight to the eye. Every true
American is proud of his flag and
should know more about its origin.
To secure your copy Of this elab-
orately worked out publication
inclose 20 cents in coin, wrapped In
this clipping. and mail to The Star
Information Bureau.
Name
Address
Evening star., 1941-05-26

Urges Watch of Duke Of Hamilton
As Well as Detention of Hess.
To the Editor Of The Star:
I trust that England will see the road
clear to internment or imprisonment for
Hess, and at the same time keep .
wstchful eye on, the Duke Of Hamilton.
cARoInlE +. 1AKXI.
Evening star., 1941-05-26
HORIA BABES. Attache.
Royal Legation of Rumania.

Asks a Provocative Question About
Hitler's Command" Of America.
To the Editor Of The Star:
Hitler has commanded the United
States Fleet not to enter European wa
ters. Our fleet has not entered European
waters.
Hitler has forbidden conveys in full
filling our pledge Of all-out aid to Brit
ain There are no conveys.
The great United States Fleet, second
to none" in this fateful hour OF the
destiny Of this Nation, rides at anchor
"As idle as a painted ship
Upon a painted ocean"
Hitler has ordered our soldiers to stay
out of Europe. There are no American
troops overseas, where the cause of the
liberty OF mankind is being decided.
If Hitler can command the overseas
activities of the United States, how long
will 1t be before he will be in command
of all the operations of this Govern
ment? WILLIAM H. HARGROVE.
Pierce City, Mo.
Evening star., 1941-05-26
Denies Rumanian Acquisition
OF Yugoslavian Territory.

To the Editor Of The Star
In his column, This Changing World"
published in The Star for May 81, Con-
stantine Brown states: The Bulgars, the
Hungarians and the Rumanians have all
obtained large or small slices OF what
used to be Serbia"
Allow me to point out as a matter OF
record that Rumania has taken over no
territory whatever of what used to be
Yugoslavia
HORIA BABES, Attache.
-
Evening star., 1941-05-26

@. What is a navicert?-R. T.
A. A navicert is a contraction Of the
words navigation certificate. paper issued
by British government to merchant YES
sells certifying that the cargo is not con-
signed to Germany. Obviates delay OF
search at contraband control stations.
Evening star., 1941-05-01

tionally than to insure that Britain
will no 60 down? We know that the
longer the struggle against Hitler
domination continues, the more time
is left for us to get ready-whatever
the outcome of the war,
Deceiving Ourselves.
TT isn't love for Britain that this
country is trying to rush her the
means of making a successful de-
fense. 1t isn't through admiration
of the British Empire that We are
bending our effort to give her the
ships and planes and guns she needs.
Our interest is as selfish as that of
any endangered nation which found
itself in like circumstances. But we
do know that for more than a CEN
tury we have found the British good
neighbors. AS long as she dominates
the oceans We feel secure-which is
the reverse of how we would feel II
the Axis succeeded her as a farflung
power.
Therefore, we extend to Britain,
while glorying in the heroism dis
played by her warriors and civilians,
such aid as we can give. 1t cer-
tainly does not make sense to put
that aid into ships that are to be
sunk en- route.
we stipulated every means short
OF war Should we modify that to
read every means short of efficient
aid' Are we serving by with
holding the protection OF the war
cargoes? The question answers
itself.
There is no use deceiving our
selves with the idea that Herr Hit
Ter will feel kindly towards and
treat considerably the United
States if he wins the battle of Eng
lano. Does not every American
know that if he ever gains the pow
er to do so he will punish us for
what we have done, rather than
reward us for what we did not do?"
Indian Ocean Patrol Weighed.
Meanwhile, the Associated Press
reported that the rapidly developing
Axis threat to Britain's position
astride the strategic Suez Canal has
caused speculation in diplomatic
quarters on the likelihood of United
States Navy patrol operations in the
Indian Ocean along the lanes trav-
eled by shipments of lease-lend sup
plies that may be bound for Egypt
via the Gulf of Aden- Red Sea route.
The belief was expressed that
such shipments were highly prob
able in view of the known British
needs in the Middle East, particu-
larly after the admitted heavy
losses of equipment suffered by the
expeditionary force in the battle
of Greece.
Since the elimination three weeks
ago OF the combat zone which closed
the Gulf of Alden and the Red Sea
to American shipping there has
been no official ruling as to whether
United States merchantmen would
be permitted to carry strictly mill
tary cargoes over that route.
Halifax Halls Action.
At the time, however, President
Roosevelt indicated that he saw no
reason such shipments could not
be delivered to Egypt, a technical
neutral. He made it plain that
the administration would not be
Evening star., 1941-05-01

and Russia have been sniping each
others forces on the border for
years, without even a diplomatic
rupture. Any of these incidents
might have brought war, but did
not. So WHY must we take it for
granted that a brush over the de-
fense of American shipping means
that we should be any more involved
in the Hitler war than we are today?
I'm any event, are we so careless
of our national dignity, so doubtful
of our strength and capacity, that
we are going on forever being
bluffed by Hitler, whose engagements
elsewhere are more likely to forbid
his inviting the vast powers of the
United States to make common
cause with his enemies than to bring
us actively and totally into the fray?
"Or are we going on indefinitely
in being deferred from our declared
purpose of supplying England with
the materials requisite for her de-
fense-which I insist is equally our
defense-by the menace of another
power across the Pacific, which is
awaiting the conquest of England
to proceed with an ASiatic version
of Hitler's international brigandage."
Would Bomb New York.
Senator Guffey declared I'VE know
that Hitler would take us on to-
morrow if he thought it was to his
advantage to do So" and then he
continued:
He would no more scruple to
bomb New York than he did to
bomb Belgrade-if he thought he
could get away with it. Indeed he
has been industriously doing prac-
tically the same things that brought
us into war with Germany in 1917.
He CANDLES on the circumstance
that we have peaceloving Presi-
dent, and are a peace-loving peo-
pie, and, therefore, are not willing
to enter the world conflict. So he,
not less than ourselves has done
everything short of war, in his dis
regard of national rights. He main-
tains his agents within our territor-
ial boundaries to stir up whatever
trouble lies within their capabilities.
He had his ship captains sabotage
his ships in our harbors in defiance
of American law. He brings Japan
within the Axis to hold our Navy in
the Pacific while he destroys ships
of every nationality. without warn
ing. And encourages an Asiatic
menace against us.
why Be Mealy -Mouthed?"
why should we be mealy-
mouthed in our course towards a
power that has declared itself COM
mitted to destroy democracy the
world over?
IT know that some of those most
vehement in their fuhninations
against even mild naval patrol.
let alone the question of an actual
convoy system, insist that the con-
quest of England would not involve
the perils have outlined.
IF, because the invasion of con-
tinental United States is improbable,
there exists no danger, why are we
building a two-ocean Navy, en-
listing an Army of millions, bend
ing all our energies to manufacture
appliances and munitions of war?
What are we preparing for if we
are not preparing a defense that
will deter international raiders from
pushing us too far, when and if they
have accomplished their present
aims? We know that if England pre-
walls our troubles are over-so what
could be more intelligent interna-
Evening star., 1941-05-01

ii. On that occasion he told his
press conference that it was the law
that this Government protect its
ships wherever they 60. so long as
they stay out of the combat zones
defined in the Neutrality Act. This
statement came four days after
elimination of the zone blocking the
way to Egypt
Naval men said the obvious meth
DDS of protection were arming the
merchantmen, establishing naval
patrols or giving the ships naval
escorts. Mr.. Roosevelt told report
ers, however, that he knew of no
discussion for arming the vessels.
In the speculation on lease lend
Evening star., 1941-05-01

oversensitive on the point II war
materials delivered to a neutral
port IN American bottoms ulti-
mately found their way into the
hands of a belligerent.
Regardless of the final ruling on
the question of transporting mill
tary supplies in American ships,
diplomatic sources pointed out that
at least one American shipping
company already. has made applica-
ton for Government permission to
operate to Egyptian ports via the
Red Sea.
Should this line with a feet of
more than 20 freighters begin op-
erations, informed sources said, it
would come under the protection of
which Mr.. Roosevelt spoke on April
Evening star., 1941-05-01

supplies for Gen. Wavelps army in
the Near East, one belief expressed
was that Britain was looking to the
United States to provide. on small
er scale. the same help she extended
Evening star., 1941-05-01
Disease Stops Hunts

Because of the prevalence of hoof-
and-mouth disease, Fire has pro-
hibited "the hunting with hounds
or the racing or training for racing
or coursing of any hounds or dogs"
in the counties of Dublin, Meat,
Kildare and Wicklow.
Evening star., 1941-05-01
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