davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1941-08-25
The Great Game Of Politics
President Urged to Act to Win Confidence
In Plans for Cooperation With Brtoin

mittee of the House for his activ-
tiles in the matter Of governmental
contracts and the exercise OF his
position Is Senator to land them
for his friends. For still another
thing, the President could improve
his relations with Congress by such
a reorganization Of his defense or
ganization as to create both con-
gressional and popular confidence.
neither Of which is strong today. 1t
Is said that he is planning to do ex-
actly that, but the names of those
reported to be preparing the plan
for him-Mr. Ben Cohen, Judge
Samuel Rosenman and Mr.. Sydney
Hillman-are not likely to reassure
either Congress or the country.
So far as the radio appeal is con-
cerned. there probably will be no
trouble persuading Mr.. Roosevelt to
act. But as to the other items there
will be more difilculty. They involve
doing several things he dislikes.
One is to confer conciliatingly with
persons toward whom, because of
past opposition, he feels bitter. An
other Is to replace some of the
incompetents around him with men
who do not admire him personally
and have not concealed the fact.
Still another involves admitting the
truth about the inadequacy of his
defense organization and the lag
ging Of production instead of try
ing to wisecrack away the very
serious charges made by Senator
Byrd.
None Of these seem very great
things to ask Of a President In the
interests Of national unity in a
time Of crisis. However, hardly any
one in Washington thinks he will
do them. 1t is his inability to put
aside personal prejudice and petty
feelings that makes it hard for his
opponents to put them aside either.
If he were a different sort of man,
for example, there would not have
been the caustic comment upon
the presence Of two of his sons
Franklin, jr, and Elliott-at the
Churchill meeting. OF course, nei-
ther had any business being there,
but that was not important, except
that it needlessly offended the SEN
sibilities Of a good many people
throughout the country. Mr..
Churchill has a son in the army,
too, but he was not there.
Copyright. 1e4lD
Evening star., 1941-08-25

is no question that its members
feel as if they were at the front
and don't mind risking their lives.
But to the French Communists
are added a substantial number
Of non-political Frenchmen who
are helping the Reds" by throw
ing as many monkey wrenches in
the German machine as they can.
The Germans are, of course,
dealing ruthlessly with the
French in the occupied area and
have Vichy's full cooperation in
the intimidation job the Gestapo
is doing.
When these troubles started
first, some four weeks ago, many
of the saboteurs managed to
cross the line into unoccupied
France where they found shelter
in the homes of the French
peasants. Some returned after
things had subsidized to start their
work all over again. This has
now become difficult because the
French authorities in unoccupied
France are collaborating with the
Germans and some of the
frontier officials. who shut their
eyes when saboteurs have been
arrested, have been liquidated.
Isolated Posts Raided.
Similar rumblings are reported
from the Balkans. Bands Of
commitadjis (political brigands)
have been organized in Serbia,
Bosnia and Montenegro.
These men hardened in noun
tain fighting and experts at bomb
throwing are harassing isolated
German posts. They swoop down
in the occupied villages, never
capture but kill Nazi officials and
before reinforcements are sent to
deal with the situation they are
back in their mountain fastness,
hiding in caves where nobody
can find them.
The few inhabitants in those
mountains prefer to be tortured
by the Gestapo than to give away
their friends. Many years of
guerilla warfare - they have
fought at one time the Turks,
then the Bulgarians-have made
them experts with hand grenades,
pistols and knives-whatever is
best suited for the occasion.
Many of them have served in the
Serbian Regular Army and when
disaster came they took to the
mountains with their arms and
have now become an increasing
Evening star., 1941-08-25
Dakar Railroad Builders
Are Likened 10 Slaves
By the Associated Press.

NEW YORK, Aug. 25.-A tale of
thousands of virtual desert slaves
living like beasts" to push the
Vichy-sponsored trans-Sahara rail-
road through French North Africa
to Dakar was told yesterday by a
German-born refugee who worked
four months on the project.
J. H. Westreich, 36-year-old for
mer motion picture executive who
obtained his release from the French
Foreign Legion by showing he was
under contract to an American Aim
company, told of the desert hard
ships on arrival on the Spanish liner
Magallanes with 100 other pas
sengers.
But despite all drawbacks, he re-
ported, construction of the railroad
was progressing very we'll"
THE laborers are alive with lice
and feas, but have a daily ration
Of less than two liters of water with
which to wash and drink" he de-
clared. THE water is carried in
tank cars distance of IL kilometers
and, therefore, is scarce"
Many OF the workmen-5,0 900 for
eigners in the French Foreign Legion
and thousands of Jewish and Span
ish Republican refugees who are
forced to lay the railroad tracks on
the desert sands-were Ill from trop-
ical diseases, he added.
After hours under q scorching sun.
he said, the men sleep at night
in holes scooped in the ground and
covered with bits of canvas.
Evening star., 1941-08-25

employees who did not maintain
their union memberships.
Maybe the officials in Washing
ton will plead the necessities of
national defense" and will quibble
about the technicalities of sup
posedly local issues" that were to
be left to individual bargaining
conferences but the closed shop is
not a local issue and the c. I. o.
union is preparing even now to
insist on a closed shop with some
slight notifications throughout the
very shipbuilding industry that paid
1920, ,000, 900 for peace and got war
II the administration thinks that
seizure of the Kearny, N. j., plant
can lead to an ultimate squelching
Of the unions demand for a closed
shop or that the company will
cravenly accept its property back
with a closed shop agreement or
any modification thereof the Presi-
dent Is sadly mistaken.
If, on the other hand, the admin
istration intends to take over
American industry and operate it
and put into effect Fascist sys-
tenn of State capitalism then the
seizure of this plant and other
plants is logical and understand
able.
Thus are American liberties and
the free enterprise system impaired
even as the cry is raised that all
this is necessary "to save democ-
racy"
Reproduction Rights Reserved)
Evening star., 1941-08-25
D. c. Ranks Eighth
In Police STRENGTH

With 2.29 police employees for
every 1000 inhabitants, Washington
ranks eighth in this respect among
the cities over 250,000 population,
according to the quarterly bulletin
of the r. B. I. covering current crimi-
nal statistics.
Baltimore is next with 225; Bir.
mingham is low with 1.01, and Jer-
sey City high with 3.37.
Washington reports 1922 police
men and SO civilian police depart
ment employees.
The bulletin notes that depart
ments in the Middle Atlantic, New
England and South Atlantic States
have more police employees per unit
Of population than those In other
sections Of the country.
Evening star., 1941-08-25

murdered. A number of men in
the armies Of occupation have
been killed. There Is a feeling
of tenseness which can become
dangerous If it Is not suppressed
and If the food conditions worsen.
The result of this situate is
a policy of intimidation and ter
rorism as has never been seen
before. But the rebels are des-
perate. At one time they ex-
pected to be rescued by the
British. Now they seem to have
lost hope and this makes them
reckless. High officials from
Berlin are reported to be study
ing the situation and devising
methods to put an end to these
individual killings which are
soaring the forces Of the armies
OF occupation. Soldiers don't
mind facing death in q battle
in which thousands are engaged.
But they feel terrified when they
don't know whether within the
next few minutes somebody is
going to plunge a knife in their
back. And this terrorization of
the individual soldier has a
damaging morale on the army.
Evening star., 1941-08-25
By CONSTANTINE BROWN.

According to reports from all
the German occupied countries
there is an increasing tension
everywhere and groups and indi-
viduals are openly defying the
NaM authorities. Acts Of sabo-
tage are an almost daily oc-
curence In France. These are
attributed mostly to workmen
who have Communist sympathies.
Whether the saboteurs are
French Communists or merely
French patriots nobody can say
for certain. 1t is probable that
the French Communist party
does not suffer much from being
outlawed. It's ranks are intact
and the discipline has been main
tanned. Because of the war Hitler
is waging against the Union Of
Soviet Socialist Republics there
Evening star., 1941-08-25
Motorcycle Ambulance
Synchronizes With Heart
By the Associated pre.s.


NEW YORK, Aug. 25.-A new
motorcycle ambulance capable Of
speeding wounded soldiers 90 miles
an hour from the front lines to field
hospitals has been developed for the
British American Ambulance Corps
The new vehicle Quilt by the
William E. Detlor Co. Of Detroit,
has a 7-foot side car for the patient
and seat space for q medical at
tendant as well as the driver. Its
designers said 1t could be used to
reach places inaccessible to auto
mobiles.
An unusual feature was the in
stallation of springs synchronized
with the patients heartbeat to
avoid increasing fever
v. C. Ruxton, corps president, ex-
planned that in wounded men the
normal pulse of 10 increased to 80,
but that any further increase
heightened the death risk. He said
the newly invented springs could
not vibrate more than 80 times q
minute regardless Of the type Of
terrain crossed.
Evening star., 1941-08-25

Z
ment and out of it there is much
criticism of Ernest Bevin, Brit
aims powerful Minister of Labor
who heads the Transport and
General Workers Union. 1t Is
said that he favors the workers,
but does not use the powers
granted him, which are very
extensive, including the. right to
send workers to any part of Eng
land, amounting to labor con-
scription.
Mr.. Bevin replies that he un-
derstands the workers and uses
his powers exactly to the ex-
tent absolutely necessary, but hu-
man beings must be regarded as
such and no efficiency results
from a complete disregard Of
human factors.
Certainly nobody in England
has a greater intention to help
win this war than Mr.. Bevin, or
has a more ardent hatred Of Fas-
cism. He Is more patient with
the workers than with red tape
and bureaucracy. He scares
some people by the complete
conviction and intention that
there will be q new England
after the war.
II asked, What sort of a new
England?" he says social de-
mocracy with freedom. In such
a new order of freedom he sees
the trade unions playing a lead
ing role.
My own impression is that he
is far from coddling the workers.
He is patiently attempting to
prepare them for an increased
social and political responsibility.
Ahead of United States.
British trade unions are miles
ahead Of those in the United
States in this matter of the re-
sponsibility of craft unions,
which really are guilds that have
maintained very high standards
of work for generations. To be
skilled in anything admits a
worker to a real aristocracy Of
labor based not merely on high
wages. but high standards Of
performance.
British labor is permeated also
with simple Christian concepts
Of justice and decency. The role
Of non-conformist religious bod
les in training labor leaders
is interesting though seldom
stressed. But many of the best
labor speakers have received an
education in social literature and
philosophy and training in public
speaking through non-conform-
ist churches and lay preaching in
which the power to speak so as
to move audiences is developed,
and social philosophy is mex
Evening star., 1941-08-25
Duke University Alumni
Discuss Bunauet Plans

The Duke University alumni asso-
citation of Washington, at a break
fast session at the Mayflower Hotel
yesterday, discussed plans for a
banquet to be held at the Mayflower
November 8, honoring DR.. Robert
Lee Flowers, newly-elected president
Of the university.
Charles S. Rhyme. president of the
association, announced that a re-
ception for the Duke football team
scheduled for October II had been
called off. Coach Wallace Wade had
objected that the reception would
interfere with the training of the
team, Mr.. Rhyme said.
Evening star., 1941-08-25
Bevin Defies Criticism Of Old Colleagues
By Insisting His Course Is Only Human

tricAbly united With Christian
principles.
A man like A. v. Alexander,
who entered politics by way of
the Labor party and is now First
Lord of the Admiralty, will talk
for hours about his impoverished
childhood in Bristol and an edu-
cation that was stopped because
he was compelled to 90 to work
at the age Of Is, then continued
through books urged upon him
by preachers.
Concessions Forced.
Craft unions have had to make
innumerable concessions under
the stress of war production, but
adjustments came with mini
mum of stoppage and strain
fundamentally because the war
on Adolf Hitler is the workers
war, and the defense of union
ism is hearty and profound In
this country.
The necessity to disperse h
dustries away from q few cen.
ters because Of the danger Of
being bombed and reintegrate the
whole into a system whereby If
one factory is knocked out, the
same work is continuing with an
enlarged load elsewhere, created
immense problems Of moving,
feeding and housing the workers.
Hotels had to be built for
the workers, communal feeding
had to be established, transpor-
tation arranged. Women work.
ers streaming into industry
because of the shortage of man
power first met the hostility Of
both management and workers,
especially in the mechanical
trades where it was not believed
women could operate huge me-
chanical lathes, etc.
However, apprehension con-
corning the women was abso-
lutely confounded in practice.
Many problems, it is frankly
admitted, have been unsatisfac-
torily solved. On the other hand,
there have been immense gains
for labor. For instance, among
the merchant sailors, who now
get an annual wage and regular
leaves and free transportation to
their families.
The willingness of workers to
make sacrifices seems to warrant
putting problems up to them.
For instance, the miners were
asked to decide whether they
would be willing to allow the
use of fast, refrigerated ships.
normally carrying food from the
United States, for transporting
troops to the Middle East, which
would mean q reduction of al
ready inadequate rations.
Amidst cheers they voted
unanimously to reduce the ra-
tions, which would be especially
hard on miners, whose work often
makes them lose 3 to 7 pounds
day in the pits. Such action
also amounts to voluntary con-
tributions from the workers for
the comforts of the armed forces.
In New Castle, along one of
the poorest parts Of the country,
miners contributed $150.000 In
individual gifts.
Nowhere will q speech against
the Fascists get such cheers rs
in the working class districts
where, however, the cheers are
meant also to ratify that no
Fascism shall exist In England
either during or as a result Of
this war.
(Released by the Bell Syndicate, Incl
Evening star., 1941-08-25
This Changing World
Silent Revolt Of Sabotage Against Noz Army
Reported in Virtually All Occupied Countries

threat to the forces Of occupa.
ton.
The same situation prevails in
the Greek mountains where the
population has been trained for
generations in this kind Of war
fare. Tanks and airplanes are Of
no avail against these soldier
brigands.
Retaliation on the civilians is
OF no consequence to these men.
Since they consider their own lives
80 cheap they don't see any rea-
son why they should worry about
the lives Of their fellow citizens.
They say that If the invaders be-
come too tough, the men and the
women Of the neighboring villages
had better join them in the safety
Of the high mountains where they
live.
Protected by Populace.
While it Is true that large-scale
uprisings are not possible these
days in countries in Western and
Central Europe because a few
German planes and tanks could
wipe out whole regions, this is not
true In the Balkans. The Ger
mans are offering substantial re-
wards In the shape Of food, cloth
ing and other necessities OF life
TO anybody who would deliver,
dead or alive, these commitadjis.
Money can purchase nothing.
Hence the rewards offered are in
kind. But even so, the rebels are
never betrayed: not only because
they are legendarily popular with
the masses, but also because the
life Of the informer and his family
would not be worth q red cent
after . brigand had been betrayed
to the German authorities.
While the German high COM
mand ofncially considers these
local outbursts As q mere nui-
sance, they are nevertheless
troublesome, especially since
there are definite indications of
their spreading.
In Croatia, for instance, where
the element sympathizing with
the Belgrade government was
considered as completely de-
stroyed, the situation has be-
come unpleasant for the Hun
garians and the Italians. Croa-
tians loyal to the Axis have been
Evening star., 1941-08-25
Honolulu Bomb Policies
Discontinued by LIoyds
BY the Associated Press.

HONOLULU, Aug. 25.-Lloyds OF
London has discontinued writing
bombing insurance for this heavily
armed outpost Of the United States
Pacific defenses.
w. B. Brandt of San Francisco,
Lloyds' Pacific Coast representative,
said new insurance was being re-
fused not because of fear of war
but because of possible sabotage"
Rates on bomb insurance here have
risen from 10 to so cents for 500
protection. Policies aggregate more
than 10000 900, Brandt said.
Evening star., 1941-08-25

Onlel Executive
the definite pow
er to seize plants
where strikes oc-
CURED Presi-
dent Roosevelt
has taken over
a big shipbuild-
ing plant.
The presiden-
tial decree-for
IL is plainly an
arbitrary exer-
else Of power
outside the Con-
Evening star., 1941-08-25
Movie on Boulder Dam

A moving picture, "The Construc-
tion of Boulder DAM" will be shown
by the Washington section of Tech
nocracy, Inc, at 7:45 p. m. tomor-
row at the Mount Pleasant branch
of the public library. Following the
picture there will be a talk on,
After Defense, What?"
Evening star., 1941-08-25

or, Euge n .
Talmadge.
In many ways
he Is more re-
markable than
Stone M o u NJ
tain, Tallulah
Falls, the Oke-
hnokee Swamp
or any other Of
Georgia's won-
ders.
In appearance a
he is refresh-
ingly unguber-
Evening star., 1941-08-25

much con-
S i d era tion
of the needs
and psyclol-
ogy Of the
workers and
a greater. in
tercourse be-
tween work.
ers and man.
ayers, but it
Is also mOdi-
flying trade
union poll
cies.
y Viii.
Evening star., 1941-08-25

ii b er a t l o n 8
a t S e a, ther e
was, both in Lon
don and here,
general and en-
phatic commen-
dation. 1t Is not
too much to say
that 1t was over
" h E ! m gly
praised.
No one, Of
course, think S
the full facts Of
the conference
Evening star., 1941-08-25

HE opinions OF the rters this page their not
necessarily The Stars Such opinions are presented In The
Stars effort to all sides OF questions OF interest to its
readers although such opinions may contradictory among
themselves and directly opposed to The Stars.
Evening star., 1941-08-25
BY FRANK r. KENT.

In the days Immediately following
the Eight Points" statement issued
by the Messrs. Roosevelt and
Churchill rs q result OF their de-
Evening star., 1941-08-25

statement-nor tnaC tney nave peer
divulged since. Obviously, that
would have been inexpedient as well
as unwise. Despite the theatrical
aspects of the meeting, there Is
widespread agreement that the re-
suits have been good for the cause
to which both nations are COM
mitted-to wit, the defeat Of Hitler
and the crushing Of the Nazi power
The continued bitterness of the
German-Italian comment. and the
few discordant notes sounded In
Washington by isolationist states
men only accentuate the fact that
the weight and force of the two
nations will be more effectively used
in the common interest and that
through personal conversations, q
better understanding Is established
between the two leaders. The ad-
vantages Of the meeting have been
too profoundly stressed by eminent
international commentators to re-
quire repetition here. What has
not been stressed, however, is tina,
with the return of Mr.. Roosevelt
to Washington no additional con.
gressional support for any program
for greater cooperation in the
British war effort has been gained
Future Action Assumed.
This is deplorable, but it is true
That the President has q program
for more complete cooperation Is
assumed. Otherwise the conference
benefits would be wholly moral and
not practical. The disturbing thing
is that the opposition in Congress
seems to have stiffened rather than
relaxed, and some Of Mr.. Roosevelt's &
smarter advisers are urging him
not to force action on new proposals
for extending help to the British
until he has further solidified public
sentiment behind the proposals and
behind himself. The truth is that
administration legislation leaders
are still shaken over that House
vote by which the draft extension, so
vital to the Army and so strongly
urged by the President, 30 narrowly
escaped defeat.
Another vote like that would have
. really devastating effect. It would
painfully demonstrate the lack OF
unity behind the Presidents foreign
policy. 1t would encourage the iso-
lationist elements both in and out OF
Congress. 1t would enfeeble our de-
fense operations and dismay a good
many people. The seriousness of
that vote has not been exaggerated
While 1873 Republicans voted in the
negative as matter Of party policy,
1t must not be forgotten that it was
Democratic detection that made the
Republican vote important and the
result so close.
To cope with the condition thus
revealed, the President is advised to
do two things-hrst, to appeal to the
people in q radio address; second, to
improve his relations with Congress.
The latter could be done in various
ways. For one thing, he could con-
fer more frequently-and be q little
franker-with the responsible Re-
publican leaders, instead of treating
them as II they did not exist. In
the second place, he could suppress
or, at least, tone down-some of
the more blatant and offensive Of
his Democratic senatorial spokes-
men.
Reorganization Advised.
One Of the worst examples of these
is Senator Claude Pepper Of Florida,
who has just been publicly criticized
by . special investigating COM
Evening star., 1941-08-25
On the Record
By DOROTHY THOMPsON,

LONDON (By Wireless) The
pressure Of war Is not only
breaking down the old concepts
Of management and introducing
Evening star., 1941-08-25
Wilmer Walter Dies

NEW YORK. Aug. Is (R.-Wil-
mer Walter, 81. actor who played
David Harum" more than 1,500
times in five and a half years in q
radio sketch, died Saturday night.
Evening star., 1941-08-25
McLemore
Georgia Missing
Chunce for Revenue
Bx HENRY McLEMORE.

ATLANTA, Ga.-The State OF
Georgia Is overlooking q good means
Of raising money by not charging
visitors admission to see its Cover
Evening star., 1941-08-25
Keorny Case
Decried as
Bad Faith
Non-Strike
Agreement Held
Forgotten
BY DAVID LAWRENCE.

Without authority Of Congress
In fact in utter disregard Of the
recent vote by which Congress
declined specifically to give the
Evening star., 1941-08-25

Ko0fganlLAtIOn Advised.
One of the worst examples of these
is Senator Claude Pepper Of Florida,
who has just been publicly criticized
by q special investigating COM