davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1941-07-19
Sow Biennial Seeds
Early So Plants
Get a Start

The biennials are now staging
their finest show. These friendly
plants put up big display. and
then they exist swiftly. They Ii
orally bloom themselves to death.
1t takes 10 to IL months from seed
sowing to accumulate enough en-
ergy to make their display. In or
der to have a satisfactory display
next year you must sow early.
The very best start is by max
ing sowings of your own collected
seed or purchased materials now.
Sow them out of doors in seed beds.
or you can plant them where they
are to bloom; but it is better if you
give them the protection of a seed
bed.
For this purpose I know of Moth
ing better than seed bed made in
side l inch by 3 inch board work
frame. Cut two 3-foot and two A.
foot lengths. Nail them together at
the corners. Since they are to
stand quite some time it is advis-
able to brace the corners with pieces
of metal. Bits of tin cans cut and
bent to right angles are satisfac-
tory. Peg the frame to a spot on
the ground where you can keep it
under your eye.
Fill the framework with a mixture
of garden soil and some form of
humus in equal portions. Soak it
thoroughly and then SOW your seeds.
Sowing the seeds in burrows made
with a blunt instrument is better
than broadcasting. Make certain
that the seeds are fairly we'll apart;
cover them lightly and water the
whole with very fine, gentle
spray. A cloth or burlap covering
helps conserve moisture and pre-
vents washouts until the seedlings
become established.
Evening star., 1941-07-19
By Agnes Trimble

Would you play a joke on your
late chrysanthemums? Well, here
is the trick! Make them think the
days are already short and the
nights long by covering them up in
the late afternoon. You may start
this deceiving process any time now
on your favorite latest fall boomers;
don't feel guilty doing this for the
NUNS" love short days and long
nights. and they will bloom much
earlier and longer. The blossoms
will also be finer, too.
We look forward to the chrysan-
themums' blooming, but with a bit
of regret, as they are the last out
door Towering plant of the year.
Often many blossoms of the finest
varieties are killed or damaged by
early frost just as they are ready
to burst into full bloom-much to
the growers disappointment.
1t is a known fact among growers
that this flower will not bloom forth
in its many warm and brilliant
hues until the days become short
and the nights become long-hence
this covering idea was worked out,
and has been most successful in
fooling the plants into blooming
earlier than the regular time.
In order to carry out this scheme,
place a dark cloth, preferably black,
over the plants around $50 or 6
o'clock in the afternoon and allow
it to remain over them until about
7 o'clock the next morning, then
carefully remove it so as not to break
any tender shoots or buds. A frame
of some kind should be placed
around the plants for the covering to
rest on. Here is an idea, why not
use longer sticks when stalking,
which could hold up the covering in
tentlike fashion?
A closely woven cloth, such as
black sateen, makes an ideal cover
ing. If, however, a cheaper or thin
ner material is used, it should be
doubled because it must be dark as
night to fool the wise plants. Do
not use the covering after the buds
begin to show their coloring.
Since these flowers are being
urged to bloom ahead Of time, 1t will
b necessary 10 help, them BY giving
Evening star., 1941-07-19
Ornithogalurn
In Several
Versions
Star.of.B Bethlehem.
The Best Known,
Runs Wild Here
By A. e.. Mclean

A number of kinds of Orni-
thogalum, commonly called Star
of f-Bethlehem, offer considerable in
terest to home gardeners. Common
Star of Bethlehem, Ornithogalum
umbellatum, has run wild in Amer
lea; although it is not particularly
Snowy, it is sometimes cultivated.
Some of the other species are real
ly worthwhile Among them is Or
nithogalum narbonense, which has
white flowers keeled with green on
the outside. They are quite a bit
larger than flowers of common STAR
Of Bethlehem and never fail to at
tract attention. The flowers are
borne on spikes up to 2 feet high,
and the general picture is OF a
greenish gray effect that scarcely
any other blooms have at this time
of the year. This Narbonne Star
of-Bethlehem and pyramidale, which
is not in the trade yet in America,
are from Southern Europe, but quite
hardy with us.
A number of other Ornithoga
are not hardy in this general area,
but they are worth cultivatlng as
house plants or in the open If amply
protected against frost. One of these
is Ornithogalum arabicum, which
has white and black flowers in long,
fragrant racemes. Arabian Star-of-
Bethlehem may be grown in the
open by planting bulbs in the fall
and protecting them from frost with
a 6-to-8-inch mulch. They also
may be grown in a coldframe II well
protected. Many gardeners use them
as house plants.
Ornithogalums from the Cape OF
Good Hope have Snowy white and
yellow blooms; these are not hardy
outdoors, but well worth growing
for house decoration. Several Of
these can be obtained from Amer
lean sources They are quite rea-
sonable in price and may be treated
Just as any other bulbs. Simply
plant them in a Well-drained soil
about three or four times as deep as
the largest diameter of the bulb. Be
careful to protect the tender one
from freezing. AS tulips and hya-
cinths are quite scarce this wear,
you might try some of these inter
esting and uncommon bulbs. Yo1
will find them worthwhile.
Evening star., 1941-07-19
Wild Flowers Topic
OfDr. Bartsch

At the next meeting of the
Neighborhood Garden Club of Ar
lington, Va, to be held on Monday
at 8 pm. at the home of Mr.. and
Mrs. Harry Ball, 2121 North Glebe
road, DR.. Paul Bartsch will be the
principal speaker. He will discuss
Tanning Wild Flowers" and wild
flowers will be featured in the group
Of miniature arrangements to be
exhibited.
There will also be arrangements
of gladioi on display, with special
attention being paid to a class for
specimen single spikes of gladioli.
Evening star., 1941-07-19

cuttings ana ndQ an dlllOSI CoillElCIo
failure. From softwood cuttings 1t
roots readily.
Softwood cuttings need be only
Q to inches long, while the hard
wood cuttings are generally
inches longer. The distance between
the buds will in most cases de-
termine the length of the cutting.
Cuttings should always be taken
with the lower cut just mot more
than a quarter -inch) below a bud,
while the top or upper cut, if there
be one should be just above a bud.
The lower cut should be straight
across the stem A slanting cut
exposes more surface to entrance OF
decay and takes longer to heal. Do
not remove the leaves from soft
wood cuttings. The plant needs
them to carry on its growth. Cut
tings, especially of hardwood should
be about the thickness of a pencil.
Thin, wiry stems are to be avoided
as are heavy, thick ones. The old
idea that a cutting should have
"Heel of last years wood does not
seem to be borne out by research.
In inserting cuttings in roofing
medium they need only enough
depth to support the stem. Deep
planting is of no value unless it be
to insure moisture and this applies
only to hardwood cuttings. How
ever, there should be at least one
bud joint below the surface and one
above. Make certain that there is
not an airpocket about the base Of
the cutting. If in sand and under
fruit jar an air pocket may cause
no harm, but in the cold frame or
In an open spot such a condition Is
almost certain to be fatal.
Cuttings root best in sand or
peatmoss or combination of the
two. PeatmoSs has the added ad-
vantage Of creating an acid condi-
ton that Is beneficial to the develop
ment of roots. 1t may hold too
much moisture, however, but if used
with sand this danger is reduced A
propagating bed should be shaded
and have excellent drainage.
The modern chemist has provided
us with much useful information He
has pointed out that we not only
need an acid medium in which to
root our cuttings, but that certain
chemicals speed up or actually in
duce the growth of roots. Diluted
honey zone part honey to three
parts of water) is helpful, as is a
weak solution of vinegar (three
teaspoonsful to the gallon of waterl
However, it is easier to buy one of
the chemically prepared powders
and to dip the end of the cutting
into it.
After treatment the cuttings are
Evening star., 1941-07-19
News and Views of Horticultural Activities National Capital Area
Propagation by Cuttings
Has Been Simplified
By Modern Research
Tedious Methods of Old Days
Are No Longer Necessary;
Chemicals Aid Growth
By ". H. Yonneman

Last week discussed propagation seeds There kinds
OF plants that others that
quite while the Towering that
readily hardly
So take the points plants
call
The cuttings not be Of
modern gardening although still major practice among
There nothing difficult about 1t and beyond little
really Today cuttings
provided
well chemical aids which greatly simplify
speed the process.
while the plants active growth These
cuttings Cuttings made in the fall winter after
hardwood cuttings
the sotwood growing shoots The cuttings from
owood hardwood Some kinds
nropagate opposite
tried to Fleet from hardwood
Evening star., 1941-07-19

The gladiolus thrips (Taeniothrips
gladiolD was first found in the
United States pear Cleveland, Ohio,
in 1929. Since that time it has
spread to practically all the gladio-
lus-growing areas of the country.
The gladiolus thrips is very
small, slender insect measuring
about one e-twenty-fifth to one-six-
teenth of an inch in length, which
feeds on the corms, leaves, buds and
flowers. Only the adult and larval
stages cause injury to the plants.
Several species of thrips may feed
on gladiolus at the same time, but
the gladiolus thrips, when present,
is always the most injurious, and in
the adult stage is distinguished
from the other thrips commonly
encountered by the white wing bases,
which give banded appearance to
the black or very dark brown body.
The larvae and pupae are lemon
yellow and are found mostly in the
leaf sheaths or the buds.
1nlS lnrlpS 1eeQS on tne cOrmS
while in storage. The areas which
have been fed over become covered
with brown corky tissue. All parts
of the CORN are attacked. The new
corms produced are smaller than
those from comparable non-infested
planting stock
After the corms are planted, the
thrips follow the sprouts to the sur
face and there feed and reproduce
throughout the season on the foliage
and flowers. The infested leaf
sheaths become brown the leaves
become "silvered," and the bud
sheaths dry out and appear straw
colored. The feeding also. injuries
the petals while still in the bud
stage, causing whitish streaks and
Evening star., 1941-07-19

winter out of doors. After digging,
store the corms in as cool a location
as possible, preferably below so de-
grees Fahrenheit, as the thrips are
inactive at these temperatures. BY
the time the corms have cured
enough to be cleaned, they can be
treated with naphthalene fakes.
Place the corms in tight paper
bags and scatter the fakes over
them, then fold over and fasten
tightly the tops of the bags TO re-
tain the fumes. The naphthalene
should remain with the corms for
about four weeks, after which the
excess fakes should be taken out.
However. if the treatment is applied
late in the fall or early in the VIM
ter, the fakes may be left with the
corms for two months or longer
without harm. They should not be
used after the corms have begun to
sprout.
Treatment at planting time con-
sists of soaking the unpeeled corms
in 1-to-1 900 solution of mercuric
chloride for II TO II hours.
Treatment for the control of glad
iolus thrips on growing plants may
be given, and, while it will seldom
clean up all of the thrips. it does
reduce the infestation so that the
flowers are practically normal. This
treatment, known as the tartar
emetic spray, consists of 2 ounces
of tartar emetic, ounces of brown
sugar to gallons of water. Apply
this spray as a fine mist weekly or
every 10 days until Towering begins.
adapted iron, report BY r. II.
Nelson and c. A. Weigel, Bureau
OF Entomology and Plant Quar-
nntine, The Gladiolus ThripS and
Its Control, January, 1887
Evening star., 1941-07-19
Insect Pests or Diseases
Affecting Delphiniums
Must Be Controlled
Third and Last Article in Series
Lists Plants Enemies and
Gives Remedy for Each
Bv the Master Gardener

development large clurnps
foliage Of
conditions the circulation of through
Divide old plants often enough feeding cuv
held check del
phinims that drainage if sunlight permitted
all cultivated
them supply of complete balanced plant food produces
plants resistant
BLACK LEAF SPOT Causes irregular black spots leaves also at
while fatal
spoil appearance favored cool
mixture
several during the spring
diseased plants back dench
surrounding soil with submate 10000 tablet one
Evening star., 1941-07-19
Shading Latest Flowering
Nuns Will Hurry Bloom

them extra food and water to supply
the extra demand made on the
plants strength. Water the soil well
around the plants before adding fer
tiliZer.
The extra feeding will do better if
given in liquid form and in large
quantities once a week, instead OF a
little every day or so. A good plan
to follow is to alternate with liquid
manure, solutions of nitrate of soda,
and sulphate of ammonia. Be sure
to stop this feeding when the buds
begin to burst open.
If bushier plants are desired.
rather than tall ones, you should
have pinched out the top of the
shoot after. three or four pairs of
leaves formed, or when the plants
were about five or six inches high.
Several shoots would soon have
taken the place of the one nipped
out, and each of these should have
been nipped the same as the first.
The process should have been con-
tinued until several stoppings Of
growth were effected However, no
pinching-out should be done now,
after the middle of July, as this might
throw the blooming too far into
autumn, which is just the reverse OF
what we are scheming to do.
"Oddly enough, due to the long
period of dark, damp days which
we have been experiencing recently,
q number of the earliest blooming
chrysanthemums are already burst
ing into flower. For these we can
do nothing but enjoy them while
they last. 1t is well, therefore, to
concentrate on the very latest
blooming types, and hurry them
along by the method suggested, so
that there will not be such a lapse
in the Towering period for our gar
dens between these precocious plants
and the late fall types.
Evening star., 1941-07-19

preventing the normal opening of
the flowers. In severe cases the
spikes never show color, but turn
brown and appear "blighted."
For the most part the thrips Sc
crete themselves in the leaf sheaths,
but under favorable conditions, such
as cloudy days, early in the morning
or late in the afternoon, they may
be seen on the surface of the leaves.
For this reason the insects are often
Evening star., 1941-07-19

Lower leaves turn yellow and the
plant willis. No effective remedy
known. Destroy all affected plants
and remove all soil surrounding the
roots. Disinfect soil with a cor
rosive sublimate solution 10000
strength, on the entire area. Nap
thalene flakes worked around the
base of plant are said to help pre-
vent this disease.
BLACK ROT OR ROOT ROT:
This disease will not be apt to ap-
pear if the sun is allowed to pene-
trate the crowns of all plants. Do
not allow the lower leaves to touch
the ground for this will cause and
spread this rot Remove all lower
leaves. This disease is common on
poorly drained soils. The shoots die
suddenly the plants give" easily
when pulled. The crown and roots
are covered with a yellowish moldy
growth and there is a mushroom
like odor Remove part of soil
from the diseased crown and water
with corrosive sublimate solution at
strength of 10000. Repeat three
times at one-week intervals. In dry
weather, if plants are not Watered,
three applications may cause injury.
MILDEW: Dust plants with fine
ly ground busting sulphur. Rake
and burn all fallen leaves in autumn
To help prevent mildew, when sprin-
king. water early enough so plants
dry off before night.
SLUGS AND CUTW MS:
These are not serious where clean
cultivation is practiced, but are a
problem where the area is mulched.
Use poison bait.
Formula for poison bait for cut
worms: II. pounds of wheat bran,
2 tablespoonful of Paris green,
tablespoonsful molasses and water to
moiSten.
Formula for poison bait for slugs:
Use bait consisting of raw potato
with busting of Paris green or lead
arsenate. Place mulch of sand or
coal ashes around the plants. Keep
soil we'll cultivated and remove all
trash around the plants.
APHIDS; Control by Use Of con-
tact spray of nicotine sulphate or
pyrethrum.
THRIPS: Control by use of con-
tact spray of nicotine sulphate or
pyrethrum.
CYCLAMEN MITE: This mite
causes an injury to the plant known
as blacks" The leaves, flowers and
stems are affected, being distorted
and dwarfed, and having black areas
To controk spray every week with
either nicotine and soap or pyreth-
rum and soap. Both may be pur-
chased from seedsmen under a va
riety of trade names, and directions
for dilution may be found on the
can. Or use rotenone spray every
week or 10 days. forcing the spray
down into the growing tip.
Evening star., 1941-07-19
Takoma Park Group
To Meet Monday

The garden section Of the Ia
koma Park Women's Club plans to
hold its July meeting at 10:30 am.
Monday at the country home of
Mrs. w. A. Nichols, Colesville. Mrs.
Arthur P. Harrison, noted iris Judge,
will discuss her work on develop
ing new varieties of iris.
Club members requiring trans
portation are asked to telephone
Shepherd $780, to make arrange
ments.
Evening star., 1941-07-19
Thin Vegetables

Thin out carrots, beets, turnips
now. Carrots should not be closer
than 3 inches apart. Beets need as
much space If not more. Lettuce
plants need from / foot to Is inches
II they are going to develop good
sized heads.
Evening star., 1941-07-19

finished blooming. Many OF them
will send out new flower stalks and
produce second crop of flowers.
Then, too, sometimes the hollyhocks
and foxgloves will live over and
bloom a second season.
To propagate choice Oriental pop
pies dig them and remove few of
the medium sized roots. Cut these
roots into pieces an inch or two
long. The tops should be given q
cut straight across, while the bot
tom may be given a slanting cut
for purposes of Identification. Plant
them in shallow trench with the
tops right side up. They will make
blooming-sized plants in two years.
Evening star., 1941-07-19
Madonna Lilies

Madonna lilies should be planted
In only or 8 inches of earth and
In an open space.
Evening star., 1941-07-19

osy and Plant Quarantine. U. S. D. A.
not observed until the flowers show
damage or unless careful examina-
ton is made of the plants.
At harvest time, reduce CORN in
festation by cutting off the tops, but
avoid shaking the thrips over the
corms in the process; then remove
the corms from the garden as soon
as possible. The tops should be de-
stroyed, by burning if possible. The
thrips apparently does not over
Evening star., 1941-07-19

Cut back hollyhocks, delphiniums
and other tall-growing perennials
and biennials as soon as they have
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-10-11
. STORIES
 IN STAMPS
BoIzoe's Works Treot iAlI Phases of Society

CT A BELLE FRANCE" writhes ~ under the Nazi heel today. Traditional center of literature and the arts, French culture is be- ing replaced by a type of Ger- man folderol called New Order"
 French greatness sprang from an unusually talented people. It was the men and woh.en of France who gave the nation inter- national prestige. And while the little puppets of Vichy intrigue and plot with their new masters today, Frenchmen may well look to the heroes of their country for inspiration and hope.
 Honore de Balzac (l799- -i850), who was honored alphabetically H. the 1889 stamp above, was such q hero. He was the founder of the realistic school of fiction, which Emile Zola later developed as literary naturalism.
 Balzac was prodigious work CT, producing 85 novels in 20 years. His medium varied. He sought to portray all ranks, pro- fessions, arts and trades. He dealt with every strata of human life.
 His works are tinged with a morbidity and sometimes lean toward an excess of detail. Be- tween 1881 and 1850 he produced the stories which comprise the great "Hum.n Comedy" most widely read of which is Father Goriot."
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-10-11
$ SERIAL STORY N SAAURDER IN PARADISE A
 1 %coPvar isN.
BYMARGUERITE GAHAGAN

out her green eyes, sat upright in her chair and stared at the girl.
 Immediately, Miss Morris? This conversation took place about 9:30 in the evening, didn't it?" Under wood asked. "If you went home at once you would have reached the residence of your aunt about 9:45, wouldn't youP"
 Jeanie hesitated & second. She looked so young, so unprepared for the questions that were com ing, that I wished I could just leave and miss the whole wretched business. She looked at her white gloves and smoothed the stitching on the backs of them. "Yes," she admitted, 1t would take about l5 minutes, l guess"
 But at 1o:3O that evening you were seen in Echo Grove going toward your home. You admit that, don't you, Miss Morris2"
 I could hear Maudies breath come out in a little sigh and I must confess l felt the same way The web was being spun. Clews, motives, suspects Sitting there in the makeshift witness box Jeanie certainly didn't appear the type to have shot a man. In her little dark blue linen suit with its white collar and cuffs, and her natural straw hat turned up all around like child's, she gave the impression of innocence, If I was any judge. But I wasn't, and so the business continued. Jeanie Morris was paler than before.
 T stopped on the way home" Her voice wasn't quite so steady now, but she still retained her dignity T -- I met someone and We visited for a few minutes"
 We all sat there awaiting the next question could see Miss Millie two seats away from me, watching her niece with an ex- press.onless face,
 Dressed In that rusty black gown Of a bygone era, Miss Millie added the finishing touch to the room, MaudiA was breathing faster than ever and knew she wished now that she hadn't worn that new corset.
 Denny Flynn was sitting up in front taking notes occasionally, but most of the time just watch ing people. Once he looked ta me and his eyebrows went Up into those little trianeles as he smiled, My heart went into Q silly futter. This thing was affecting us all. I kept thinking.
 
 The assistant coroner stood look ing at the girl as though framing his next question. Who she was with
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-10-11
} SERIAL STORY

THE STORY: Mary O'cOnnOr wonders at the strange circum- stances at Paradise Lake, where she and her spirited mother AFaude are vacatiOning, that have brought reporter Dennis Flynn to the scene. Herbert Cord, sOphisti- cate who has been carrying on summer filtration with young Jeanle Morris for two years, is murdered. Margie Dixon, svelte iiancee he brought with him to Paradise Lake this year, much to Jeanie's embarrassment hysteri- calIy lntimates suspicion of Jeanie. Others wonder how Jeanie's straight-laced spinster aunt, Miss Millie, feels about the
 murder of man she despiSed. Mary, Denny, and Tod Palmer, local editor, all feel that Maudie knows more than she Is revealing.
 TOD PALMER BoMBSHELL
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-10-11
CR ANllJM cR AcK FRS
FAMOUS BATTLES

Names of historic battles are often remembered longer than the oppo- nentS who fought them. Can you locate each of the following battles, tell when 1t occurred and name the opposite armles2 | Little Big Horn. 2. Bull Run. g. Bunker Hill. { Waterloo. 5 Meuse- -Argonne.
 
 Answers on Back Page
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-10-11

Bandits in Shanghai, China, are seizing taxicabs to use in holdup escapes.