davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1941-02-28
To the Editor of The Star:

40 iIlc EultOL VI AAlc otdA
There are many interesting points
of view in the article, Scandinavian
Twilight by Mr.. Leland Stowe, re-
Gently published in your paper. 1t
is an undeniable fact that with Hit
Ter loose in the world there is no
possibility of a real policy of neu-
trality, since the very cornerstone
of neutrality is that it be respected
by the belligerents. And today there
are certainly few Norwegians who
do not willingly admit that the neu-
trality policy of their country was
built on illusions.
But Mr.. Stowe is quite wrong In
ascribing this attitude of the Nor
wegians to the fact that they had
had too much peace and too little
hardship" Had Mr.. Stowe possessed
more knowledge of the Norwegian
people than can be acquired during
a five or six day visit to Oslo
which was captured by the Ger
mans at the very outbreak of the
War-he would have learned that
Norwegian farmers, sailors and fish
ermen know more about toll and
hardship than many other peoples
in the world. In any case, he should
have known that our famous ski
champions-many of whom are sim
pie working men-are typical specl-
mems of a people that is far from
''fabby" or soft"
Norway's neutrality policy in the
goth century had its foundation in
the whole Norwegian way of life.
Norsemen have long been and are
peace loving people, not because they
dare not fight but because they con-
slider war a shameful crime in a
civilized world. And true to this
belief, Norwegians preferred to spend
taxpayers money for schools and
hospitals rather than for guns and
tanks. They were also convinced
that it was futile for small, sparse
ly populated country to enter into
an armament race with the big
powers.
Trusted in Collective Security.
Norway realized that the only real
basis for her safety, her best guar
antee of peace, lay in international
disarmament and in a system of col
lective security. Consequently, no
people in the world supported the
idea of a League of Nations more
fervently than the NorwegianS. But
as all attempts to organize world
peace broke down more and more
after 1880, Norway returned to her
policy of neutrality, firmly believing
that belligerents would respect this
neutrality.
Today every one sees what an IL
lusion this was. Norway fell
victim to the ruthless methods which
Hitler introduced into international
affairs But we are in good, though
unhappy, company-from Czecho-
Slovakia to France. For since 1888,
since Munich, and even long after
the war began in September, 1889,
many great statesmen based their
policies on the same kind of illu-
sions. Pursuing such chimeras was
thus not speciality of Scandinavia.
And let me say 1t quite frankly:
We were wrong. But we are not
ashamed Of It. We are not ashamed
Evening star., 1941-02-28

from both Bucharest and Berlin in
dicated that such an attack was
under preparation and some people
believed this might happen before
next summer. That seems much
less of a probability today-unless
Hitler should find that he had to
abandon frontal attack on Britain.
But this does not mean that Nazi
Germany has no intention of smash
ing the Red Army some day or other.
Far from it.
In a previous article I have dis
CuSSed Stains justified fears and
the reasons for them in consider
able detail. One or two Celebrations
may be pertinent here. With Nazi
occupation of the Low Countries and
much of France, the problem of
feeding Hitler's subject peoples"
has become stupendous. With the
near-collapse of Fascist Italy the
Nazis must also ship large quanti
ties of gasoline into Italy, If Fascist
aviation is to remain active on an
Evening star., 1941-02-28

important scale. With every exten-
sion of Germany's armed forces the
strain upon continental supply lines
and supplies increases ominously.
This is why and how Hitlers
armed forces are handicapped by
very heavy economic ball and chain.
In particular, Germanys conquered
countries are going to be very hard
pressed for bread. In the Balkans
it is also stated that the NaZis are
faced with a serious shortage Of
heavy lubricating oils for use in air
planes and submarines. The Ru-
manian oil fields produce compara-
lively little of this kind of oil, but
it is most abundant in the gigantic
Baku fields of the Russian Caucasus.
Therefore, the one place where Hit
Ter could get a tremendous lot Of
both wheat and lubricating oils is
in Southeastern and Southern Rus
sia Wheat and oil would be the
Goo CTOU7E paOe Ao11
Evening star., 1941-02-28
Envoy Takes Issue With Stowe
On Story of Norwoy's Fall
Morgenstierne Says His Countymen
Fought Desperately Against Nozis

of having believed the world had
reached such a stage of civilization
that no new war could start 20 years
after the last great holocaust. We
are not ashamed of having done
more towards social reform than
towards arming, and of having be-
heved in the integrity of certain
great powers.
Taken Wholly Unawares.
We are sorry and grieved to learn
that all this was an illusion. But
we are not ashamed. Personally, l
we are fighting Nazi-ism is simply
because it is system that prefers
machine guns to butter. 1t there
fore seems to me that Mr.. Stowe is
criticizing the Scandinavian coun-
tries from an theological point of
view that is very close to the Nazi
gloriflcation of ornaments and war.
From the background of Nor
wegian neutrality it is easy to un-
derstand why Norway was taken al
most wholly unawareS and unpre-
pared by the ruthless and treacher-
Gus German attack. Suffice it to
say that orders for mobilization
were made known to the Oslo popu-
lation at about the same time as the
first German planes landed at the
airport outside the capital. The
only troops in Oslo were some COM
panies of the Royal Guard, and
these men fought the Germans until
it became apparent that they could
not prevent vastly superior enemy
forces from occupying the city.
Oslo was a lost city, one of the
first to be captured in Norway. 1t
was lost in the same way as, later
on, Amsterdam, Brussels and Paris
were conquered and lost. There
fore, Mr.. Stoves statement that he
saw "Norway's capital occupied by
1,400 Nazi infantrymen without a
hand being lifted or a boo being
uttered among more than 10000
Osloan's, nearly half of them of mill
tary age ." is quite beside the
point. What would he have had
them do? Fight the heavily armed
Germans with bare fists? Throw
flower pots at them?
Thousands Risked Lives.
Fortunately for the civil popula-
ton, no such outbreaks occurred.
Furthermore, did the Hollanders, the
Belgians or the French offer open
resistance when the German troops
entered Amsterdam, Brussels and
Paris? OF course not There was
no difference in this respect be-
tween Oslo and Paris, for both
general stats had abandoned their
capitals before the enemy ap-
preached.
Mr.. Leland Stowe should not for
get the following fact: Thousands
of young Norwegians risked their
lives to leave Oslo after the enemy
occupation in order to join the Nor
wegian forces fighting in the valleys.
The Norwegian Parliament, know
ing full well that the army was
not mobilized, that it was poorly
equipped, nevertheless unanimously
decided to resist the Nazi invasion
to the utmost. Can 1t be said of
such nation, then, that 1t had
forgot that an Idea, II 1t Is great,
Evening star., 1941-02-28

must be worth living for and worth
dying for?"
And if Mr. Stowe had followed
the war at first-hand in Norway,
he could have seen how the Nor
wegians fought. Not just some OF
them but the whole nation. 1t was
a desperate fight, and If Mr.. Stowe
had witnessed it his story would
have been an entirely different
one. The Norwegians were totally
unprepared, lacking in planes and
automatic arms, yet they resisted
the Germans-the strongest military
power on the European continent
for two whole months.
And today-as almost daily stories
in American newspapers show-the
Norwegians are carrying on an
heroic, determined, silent fight
against the enemy-a fight which
terrorism, prisons and concentration
camps cannot break
Is this a sign Of a "flabby" people?
w. MORGENSTIERNE.
Minister Of Norway.
Evening star., 1941-02-28

pOrJanL naval ACTIVITY Is 0lSpldSeu
at Constanza, the chief Rumanian
port in the Black Sea.
That harbor was made into n
fairly adequate military port by the
British some years ago when. it was
believed that the Rumanians would
play along with the Allies De-
velopments came so fast the British
did not have time to undo the work
done by their specialists. For sew
eral months German naval officers
and ratings have been active there
and have done, according to reports,
a remarkable job. ConstanZa today
is one of the best submarine bases in
the Black Sea.
A number of submarines-between
20 and 30-have been brought in
pieces from Germany and have been
put together They are now ready
for active service, all the crews
having arrived several weeks ago.
Evening star., 1941-02-28

AAAo Va - "a AANbs
U n d er h e
terms of the law,
a labor u n on
claiming a ma
jority can petit
ton for an cleo
ton. The en-
ployer is in duty
bound not to in
terfere with such
an election. How
ever, in the cases
of he Bethle-
hem steel strike
In Western New
york and the
coming strike at
Evening star., 1941-02-28

Leland StoUe, correspondent OF
the Chicago Daily NetDS Foreign
Serpice, has just returned to the
United States after II months
serDice in most OF the crucial
sectors OF the tGar.
Freed of the limitations OF CEN
sorship and able to consider the
lDhole picture from the campaign
In Finland to the campaigns in
Greece and Libya, Mr.. Sto1Oe
summarizes his impressions for
the benefit of American readers.
Y. HITLER'S ALTERNATIVES.
Evening star., 1941-02-28

HE opinions the toers this page o,Dn
necessarily The Stars Such opinions presented in The
Stars effort to giDe all sides OF questions OF interest to its
readers although opinions contradictory
themselves and directly opposed to The Stars.
Evening star., 1941-02-28
This Changing World
Hitler Poised for Thrust Across Danube;
Laughs OF British ToIks With Ankoro
By CONSTANTINE BROWN.

Hitler reported anticipate smngy the British
all these at
tumble the the German divisions
their
Bulgaria
the Danube poised for advance
the a
Evening star., 1941-02-28
Our Defenses in the Pacific

condnt with
special notice that alive to the possibilities inherent in
Ocania whatever Minister
Mauoka means by that expansive term The Guam and Samoa projects
showing Americas determination hold her in
their ORDER Con-
aid China materials for Japan
relations with New Zealand main
direction of the Dutch Indies Sngapoea these things
intention of scuttlng its interests in the Pacific
Evening star., 1941-02-28

United States factories annually
produce more than 100000 miles
of cotton wrapping twine $685.
600 pounds) valued at s7,223,000,
according to the census.
Evening star., 1941-02-28
Nozis Confident of Turks


Anthony the British military the Anka leaders
feaSting
diplomatic a Of
a
plains of
While the Turkish Army match for the Germans the diff
cult
European Turkey into Asia Minor bound deterrent for
the Italians launched their
independence
They
S: keep
tight
Moscow raised the question of defending the Drdans
sending divisions
they would
watching for
an opportunity o O
Evening star., 1941-02-28

CoIIoPsing as
Strike Curb
Wolkout Pictured
As Strategy to Win
Union Strength
BY DAVID LAWRENCE.

What America is witnessing today
IN industrial relations is the collapse
of the Wagner labor relations law
as an effective means of preventing
Evening star., 1941-02-28


$50 tons each believe foreign yewtne
These however have not been completed yet.
Evening star., 1941-02-28
Leose-Lend Senate Attendance

of proceedings
distinguished
of
rising the part of both
of decision
motions disclose the ng effect debate and the
ntaid discussion throughout
the Speeches both sides of the
with the that rocked
Evening star., 1941-02-28
Colossal Defense Figures

Congress decide investigate defense matters will oe
production contracts already placed said to
the estimated
1889 1t includes both
British addition there s6Oo00OoO00 of
light More billions contracts
Britain under eaSeend provisions
While production steadily the upswng industries hold out no
boeneckS
problems the picture Toward removing
Harry Hopkins
coordnator chief acting directly for the
md trouble shooting authority
Evening star., 1941-02-28
Tempting Morsel to Russia

British doing their utmost their friends in the
anything the Russian
diplomacy
decide grips with the Germans.
they position offer Stain difficult
something tangible The known
mpassvy ideals
of flesh and
undoubtedly the attitude regard to the British
order neutrality spreads the
them equally juicy bit In
of Iran might sufficient hermit of the Kremin
Evening star., 1941-02-28

(See STOWE, Page A-21l
Evening star., 1941-05-18
Shorehum Dance Held
By Phi Beta Gummu

Members of the Washington chap
ters of Phi Beta Gamma, national
legal fraternity, were hosts, last eve
ming at the founders day reception
and dance in the new ballroom of
the Shoreham Hotel.
The affair was sponsored by
alumni members of Alpha Chapter
at Georgetown University, Beta
Chapter at National University and
Mu Chapter at Southeastern Uni
versity.
In the receiving line were Senator
and Mrs. Albert B. Chandler of
Kentucky, Representative and Mrs.
Oscar Youngdahl of Minnesota,
Controller General and Mrs. Lind
say Warren, Deputy Register of
Wills and Mrs. Victor S. Mersch,
Deputy Register of Wills and Mrs.
Melvin j. Marques, District Court
Justice and Mrs. Bolitha j. Laws,
Mr.. and Mrs. U. Bon Geaslin and
DR.. and Mrs. William Jennings
Price.
Guests included Senator and Mrs.
Charles O. Andrews of Florida, Rep
resentative and Mrs. Joe Hendricks
Of Florida and several members of
Iota Chapter from Baltimore.
Members Of the committee were
Robert Tinsley of Mu Chapter and
Scott Kellogg Of Beta Chapter.
Evening star., 1941-05-18
Summer Preregisfrafion
To Start al 6. W. u.

Preregistration in 1874 courses to
be offered during the summer ses-
sions at George Washington Uni
versity will open tomorrow and
continue through next Monday.
This special period is set aside for
students now enrolled in the uni
versity. They may arrange their
schedules at the registrars office.
Courses are offered in two terms
during the summer. The nine weeks
term runs from June II through
August Is and the six weeks term
from June "a through August 1. The
law school conducts courses in two
six-week terms, the first from June
II through July 28 and the second
from July % through September IL.
Regular registration days are
Monday, June 16, for all courses in
the summer sessions and Monday,
June %, for the six-week term.
This year the summer sessions will
present courses in % departments
of instruction. given by 81 mem
bers of the resident faculty and
by visiting specialists from national
economic and educational organiza-
tions.
Courses dealing with current ed
ucational problems and with recent
trends and developments in the
field are included in the special
schedule arranged by the school of
education for teachers and school
administrators.
Continuing the program started
two years ago, double
courses are offered in a number of
subjects. These courses enable the
student to complete an entire year
of work in the summer. Courses
offered are the equivalent of the
corresponding courses offered in the
regular terms, and academic credit
for the completed work will be given
toward appropriate degrees in the
various colleges and schools of the
university.
Dr.. Mitchell Dreese, professor of
education psychology, is dean of the
summer sessions.
Evening star., 1941-05-18

doing it over we might as well go
the whole way"
Naturally" Courts laughter
was brittle.
Cynthia Disappointed.
In the short, painful silence that
ensued Lucy came to stand by
Court, looking past him at the work
going on. He patted her shoulder.
"Oh Darling!" Cynthia burst
out tearfully. You don't like it.
I can tell. And I've worked SO hard
trying to please you'll" She began
to cry.
"Of course, it's beautiful" Court
said. II was just taken back. I
mean, I didn't think it could pos
sibly be changed so completely"
He took Cynthia into his arms. She
hid her face against him, shifting,
dabbing miserably at her eyes.
Court looked at Lucy over Cynthias
dark head. "We-like it, don't we,
Lucy?" he said gruf1y.
"Of course, Cynthia" Lucy echoed
obediently.
1t was after Cynthia had gone,
and Court and Lucy had had their
supper and were preparing to GO
to bed, that Lucy remembered the
surprise Court had mentioned in
his letters. When she mentioned
1t he burst out laughing.
TITS really quite funny now" he
said "You see, I met a man in
Chicago who was interested in our
chlcken-raising. He owns a restau-
rant, and he wanted to work out
contract for me to furnish him with
dated eggs and fryers. 1t wouldn't
nave been farming, really, more like
a business. 1t sounded swell, the
way we had it all figured out. But
of course--it isn't worth a nickel
now"
Not Farm Any More.
He loosened mis- tie and sat on
the edge of the bed with his head
in his hands.
Gee, Courtney" Lucy said slowly.
"And we could have stayed at the
farm after all"
only 1t isn't farm any more, Is
it?" He laughed thinly.
Lucy swallowed the lump in her
throat. and touched Courts arm
and smiled at him We'll get used
to its being like this"
Mary Crews was right about him
after all, Court was thinking. He
wasn't man but a moron, with no
more backbone than garden worm.
He was filled with revulsion at his
own weakness and lack of deter
mination. Mary, he thought. could
have saved him. She could have
helped him make something of him.
self, be the sort of a person he
wanted to be; strong, full of courage
to do what he knew he ought to do.
"Ricky's going to Mexico, Court
ney, and Mary is going to marry
him, maybe" Lucy piped up sud-
denly, as If she knew what he was
thinking.
"Is that right?" Court said in
effectually.
She sure did miss you while you
were gone"
Il bet," Court scoffed. He
spanked her playfully. You'd
better get to bed, youngster.
Tomorrow's ahead of u.s.
Tomorrow-and all the other
days ahead. What did they hold
for him? He felt very depressed.
Copyright, 1941, by the CHICAGO
Daily News. Inc.
Concluded tomorrow.
Evening star., 1941-05-18

Pepper of Winston-Salem, N. c.;
Beverly Phelps of Hinsdale, ILL.,;
Mary Stewart Pollock of Elnira, N.
Y; Harriet Ramsey Of Washington;
Sue Rucker of Battle Greek, Mich,
and Lorraine Wentworth of Wash
ington.
Graduates of the high school de-
partment of Gunston Hall will be
the Misses Sarah Elizabeth Brien of
Arlington, Va; Sally Wetherill Craig
of Pittsburgh, Pa; Martha Dobson
of Nashville, Tenn; Patricia Gar
rison of Washington, Mary Ann
Haynes of Hope, Ark; Margaret
McMillen Jones of Herndon, Va;
Ann Sumner Lawrence of Ports
mouth, Va; Patsy Ludey of Parkers-
burg, w. Va; Jean Nichols Of
Eufaula, Okla; Frances Puryear Of
Silver Spring, Nd; Emma Thomas
Rose OF Henderson, N. c.; Elizabeth
Turnbull of Washington, and Mary
Kathryn Willis of Bethesda, Md.
Evening star., 1941-05-18
National U. Graduates
Arrange Club Banquet

The Graduate Club Of National
University will hold its first annual
banquet on June II at 7:45 pm. at
the Hay-Adams, it has been an
nounced by Henry Langley, presi-
dent.
The banquet will be part Of COM
mencement week festivities and will
be in honor of students who receive
their degrees in M. P. L., L. L. M.
or S. J. D.
Membership, Mr.. Langley ex-
planned, is limited to graduates of
National who have obtained degrees
by graduate work.
Joseph Burstein, Lee Berger, Ma
rie Raftery, Frank Walsh, Donald
Dunham, Jean McManus and Vir-
ginia Wallgren are the Committee
on Arrangements.
Chancellor Leslie c. Garnett, Dean
Charles Pergler and DR.. Milton Bal
dinger have been named sponsors of
the club for 1941.
Evening star., 1941-05-18
Gunston Hall School
Arranges Program
OF Commencement
Luncheon at Shorehum
May 81 Opens 3-!Duy
Series of Festivities

Gunston Hall School yesterday
announced the program of events
scheduled for the commencement
period from May 81 to June 3.
On Saturday, May 81, at / pm.
the juniors of both academic and
collegiate departments will honor
the graduates with a luncheon at
the Shoreham Hotel. At pm. the
girls of the drama department.
under the direction of Mrs. Sally
Fauntleroy Johnson, will present
IAN Old English Custom" a play
by E. w. Mason.
The Rev. Armand T. Eyler will
deliver the baccalaureate sermon at
st. Margaret's Episcopal Church
Sunday morning, June /, at II
o'clock. At $50 Sunday evening
supper will be served on the roof
garden for the students and out-of-
town guests. This will be followed
at 8 o'clock by the recital given by
the heads of the piano and voice de-
partments, Miss Minna Nieman and
Mrs. Henriette Bagger Plum.
On Monday, June 2, at IL o'clock
class day exercises will be held in
the assembly hall of the school. Al
/ pm. the annual luncheon of the
alumnae of Gunston Hall will be q
feature. Several members present
will be in the city TO attend the
graduation exercises of their daugh-
tiers at GunSton Hall.
commencement exercises will be
held at II am. Tuesday. June 3
in the assembly hall. DR.. Peter
Marshall, minister of the New York
Avenue Presbyterian Church, will
give the address. A buffet luncheon
will be served to the graduates and
their parents.
Candidates for the Junior College
diploma are Misses Betty Jane
Becker of Washington; Augusta
Hodges Clarke of Portsmouth, Va;
Frances CogSwell of Greenville. S
c.; Elisabeth Hicks of Cambridge
Md; Mary Davis McCord of St
Joseph. Mo; Rebecca Putney Nor
gan of Charleston, w. Va; Anne
Evening star., 1941-05-18
Day and Night Sessions
AT Sfrayer in Summer

The demand for qualified en-
ployes and business training is so
great that Strayer College will keep
both the day and the evening ses-
sions open all summer, according to
z. G. Purvis, vice president.
New classes will be formed May
10 and also June 2, Is and %.
The employment secretary at the
college reports that calls from busi-
ness and professional men are be-
ing received at the rate of 300 a
month.
To provide the additional classes
three new teachers have been added
to the evening division of Strayer
College of Secretarial Training.
Miss Frances B Enos will instruct
new classes in shorthand and type
writing. She has the degree of
Bachelor of Commercial Science in
education from the State Teachers
College at Wayne, Nebr., and also a
Master of Commercial Science de-
gree in commercial education from
the University of Michigan. Be-
fore coming to Washington she was
the head of the commercial depart
ment of the high school at Winston
Salem, N. C.
Miss Ruby Crumley, who has a
Bachelor of Commercial Science de-
gree from Mary Washington Col
lege at Fredericksburg, Va, and
commercial teacher during the day
at the George Washington High
School, Alexandria, Va, has been
assigned to evening session short
hand classes.
Miss Audrey Sasher, also a grad
uate of Mary Washington College
and commercial teacher at
George Washington High School,
Alexandria, Va, will instruct eve
ming session shorthand classes dur
ing the summer.
Evening star., 1941-05-18
Examinations for Holy Name

Eighth-grade girl pupils Of both
public and parochial schools will be
eligible to participate in examina-
tons for scholarships at Holy Name
Academy, Silver Spring, at o am.
Saturday.
Four~year scholarships will be
awarded those selected, according to
Sister Mary Jane Francis, principal
at Holy Name. Examinations will
take place at the girls school,
Pershing drive, in Silver Spring.