davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1941-07-25
First Air Force Chief
Takes Over Command
BY the Associated Press.


mitchell FIELD, N. Y. July
25.-Maj Gen. Herbert A. Dargue,
newly designated commander of the
1st Air Force, embracing nine air
bases in the Northeastern sector,
formally took over his new command
yesterday at Mitchell Field
He was welcomed by Col. Thomas
J. Hanlev, jr., commanding officer of
Mitchell Field, and Maj. Gen. Anton
Krogstad.
Gen. Krogstad. who had been tenn
porarilv in command Of the lst Air
Force, left for Washington, en- route
to Langley Field. Va, where he will
be commanding officer of the bomb
ing command of the lst Air Force.
Gen. Dargue. who had been at
tached to the Washington Office of
the Chief of the Air Forces, is a
West Point graduate and a veteran
Army aviation figure He served
with the air force in the Philippines
in 1913 and in England and France
during the World War.
Evening star., 1941-07-25

Ogura Maru sailed from San Fran
cisco direct for Japan late last night
with 100000 gallons of California
crude oil. Her sailing permit had
been Cancelled by the State Depart
ment, but this order later was
revoked when the ships master ex-
planned his vessel was bound for
Yokohama, not any Indo-China
port.
A number of japanese freighters
were loading lumber and other cargo
in Pacific Northwest ports. Jap
anese ships were known to be en-
route to Seattle, San Francisco and
Los Angeles from Japan.
Shipping quarters expressed belief
that japanese vessels lying idle along
the coast would be forced into ports
to take fuel aboard in the the next
few days None is believed to carry
enough fuel to return to Japan.
Oil Industry to Cooperate.
At Los Angeles, the Pacific Coast
petroleum industry issued state
ment saying it would cooperate
with the Governments wishes re-
garding sales of oil to Japan and
would halt such sales amy time the
State Department requests it to So
1t said every oil shipment to Japan
in the past year has been made with
the full knowledge of the State De-
partment.
Evening star., 1941-07-25
Chevy Chase Youth Escapes
From Nozis With 4 Others
King, Survivor of
Zomzum, Awaits
Passage Home

The story of the escape of five
American ambulance drivers, in
cluding a young Chevy Chase resi-
dent, from German police author
tiles, was told in Washington last
night.
William r. Davidson of Worcester,
Mass; Donald Royce King, 46l2
Hunt avenue, Chevy Chase, Md,
and Ray Colcord of Kansas City,
Mo, escaped from camp on July 8,
and are now awaiting passage home
on the American liner West Point.
Two of the others, James Stewart
of Oneonta, N. Y, and Thomas o.
Greenough of Lakemont, N. Y, al
ready have sailed from Lisbon on
the Excalibur.
All were members of a group of 81
who were survivors of the sinking
of the Egyptian ship Zamzam.
Davidson, Colcord and King made
their way to Lisbon via Switzerland
and Marseille. Details of their
escape from camp were not made
public, although Stewart and Green
ough were said to have escaped from
guards and haped through a train
window. The other drivers are
awaiting return passage arranged
by an exchange of American and
Axis consular officials.
King, a former Georgetown Uni
versity student. is the son of Mrs.
Mary Royce Brown.
Greenough is a brother of Thomas
Greenough of Staunton, Va.
King had a previous service record
with the Benjamin Franklin section
OF the American Volunteer Ambu-
lance Corps. He returned to this
country from abroad last Septem-
Der and was on his way to the Near
East when the Zamzam was sunk
in the South Atlantic.
Following the sinking of the Zam-
zam, the drivers were taken prison.
ers by the Germans and landed in
France from a German ship April
II. They were held under guard
in a small town near St. Jean de
Luz June %. They were put on a
train that day and started for an
destination which they
found would be a German concen-
tration camp. 1t was from this
train that Greenough and Stewart
made their escape.
Although they had been warned
that the guards had instructions
Evening star., 1941-07-25
Water Gate
Continued From First Page.)

by similar expressions from Cor
coran Thorn, president of the Ma
tional Symphony Orchestra Asso-
citation, who cited the urgent need
for community song in the face of
the present emergency.
There is no more appropriate
time than the present to encourage
singing in America" said Mr.. Thom.
The Star, with its usual high de-
gree of public spirit, is helping to
make possible this event on August
6. 1t gives the National Symphony
Orchestra Association great pleas
ure to cooperate"
Mr.. Taliaferro looks upon the plan
as a possible means by which to
carry the U. S. o. drive to success
full climax.
THE offer of The Evening Star
and the National Symphony Or
chestra Association to give a Water
Gate concert and community sing
on August 6, the entire net proceeds
of which will be turned over to
the District of Columbia United
Service Organizations campaign
he said further in discussing the
proposal, has been accepted with
deep appreciation. 1t is hoped that
this event will materially assist the
committee in raising the approxi-
mately $4,000 balance necessary to
attain our goal of $3.50, 900 in Wash
ington.
Again I wish to express person.
ally and on behalf of the committee
appreciation for the splendid re-
sponse of the citizens of Washing
ton in the United Service Organiza-
tons campaign. We confidently
hope to reach our goal shortly"
Those behind the move base
much of their hope for success or
the unusual combination of musical
ability represented in the appear
ance on the same program of Miss
Monroe, director of patriotic music
for r. G. A.-Victor, and Mr.. O'Con.
nell, director of artists and classica
recordings for r. c. A.-Victor. They
find additional optimism in the as.
surance that this will be the frs
community sing ever held in this
country in which the music wa,
furnished by a full symphony or.
chestra.
A crowd that will overrun thu
natural ampitheater at the Water
Gate is anticipated. Best estimates
predict the number in attendance
will exceed the 10000 persons whc
were present for the first sunse1
symphony Of the summer the eve.
ming Of June %. On q basis Of thest
predictions. ofncials already havl
Evening star., 1941-07-25
Miracles Achieved
By Ordnance Firms,
Knox Declares
Awards for Production
Given ID Companies
By Novy Secretary

Secretary of the Navy Knox told
representatives of IA ordnance
producing firms today that in the
present defense program We have
asked for miracles of industrial
production and what's more, we're
getting them"
The IA firms have made what
were described as outstanding
records in ordnance production and
for excellence. Their plants will be
allowed to fly the Navy ordnance
flag with crossed Dahlgren guns and
anchor, and their employees will be
given lapel buttons bearing the e
Included in the list of companies
are producers of armor, guns,
proJectiles, explosives, fire control
equipment, machine-gun parts,
depth charge throWers. smoke-screen
generators, cartridge cases and
many other items.
Secretary Knox emphasized that
the award is the highest in the Navy
and recalled that during the World
war it was awarded to civilians and
firms for outstanding production.
K. T. Norris, president of the
Norris Stamping e. Manufacturing
Co., Los Angeles, received the awards
for the group. Members and firms
honored are:
Arma Corp, Brooklyn, N. Y;
BauSch & Lomb Optical Co. Roches-
ter, N. Y; Cameron Iron Works,
Houston, Tex: E. I. du Pont de Ne
mOurS, Wilmington, Del: Fisher
Body Division, General Motors Corp.
Detroit; Ford Instrument Co, Long
Island City, N. Y; International
Nickel Co. Huntington, w. Va;
Keuffel & Esser Co, Hoboken. N. j.;
Midvale Co, Philadelphia; Miehle
Printing Press & Manufacturing
Co, Chicago; Norris Stamping 65
Manufacturing Co. Los Angeles;
Northern Pump Co, Minneapolis,
MINI: Pollak Manufacturing Co.
Arlington. N. J., and the Text
Machine Works, Reading, Pa.
Evening star., 1941-07-25
u. S. Prepared for Years
For Heavy Bomber Combat
Nv the Associated Press

BY the Associated Press.
The high altitude bombing at
tack at Brest, France, by American
made bombers reported by the Brit
ish Air Ministry was an initial war;
time demonstration of a type of
combat for which the United States
Army Air Force has been preparing
for years.
Only the powerful, four-motored
bomberS used in the raid on the
German battleship Gneisenau were
capable of such an attack, airmen
said. The 22-ton bombers of this
type can readily reach attitudes OF
more than $4,000 feet, or approx
imatelv 7 miles above the earth.
Presumably used in the raid was
the Sperry bomb sight which Presi-
dent Roosevelt released last year.
This and the Norden sight, which
the Army and Navy retained, were
specially designed for such high
altitude precision, level bombing.
Crews Specially Trained.
Pilots. bombardiers and mechanics
to man the bombers have been spe-
cially trained in this country, as
civilians. since last year when the
first Of the Flying Fortress bomb
ers were released to the British.
Hits on target no larger than a
battleship from attitudes of several
miles are commonplace in the
American air force, using equipment
identical with that now available to
the British Parties of Congress-
men have seen such precision bomb
ing in a number of demonstrations
at Plumtree Island, the bombing
range for Langley Field, Va.
One bomber of the same type
reached an altitude of some $4,000
feet to take photographs of solar
eclipse in Florida.
The bomberS few the Atlantic
under their own power Although
details have been withheld, the
R. A. F. is reported here TO have
received several score in recent
months.
Bombers of the Identical type have
flown repeatedly from the United
States to South America and return
on goodwill missions.
Evening star., 1941-07-25

man fighter planes at a cost of
only four to themselves, it said, and
the others were listed as shot down
by anti-aircraft fire.
New Method Developed.
This was the second successive
day in which high British losses
were reported in Channel air forays.
The high command yesterday re-
ported 81 British planes shot down
Wednesday.
Authorized commentators said
Germany had developed a new air.
fighting method and had put 1t to
effective use.
I'VE go straight at enemy bombers
without paying the slightest atten-
ton to enemy chaser protection" :"
one informant said. Our losses due
to this new technique are surpris-
ingly low. Naturally, we cannot re-
veal details.
Formerly, British Spitfires and
Hurricanes Immediately engaged our
attacking formation, thereby keep
ing them away from the British
bombers.
Younger Flyers Used.
Now we go straight through at
the bombers. The new technique
enables us to send younger, hitherto
unknown squadron commanders into
the fight, while formerly most of
the destruction of the enemy was
done by aces.
Thus, yesterday, one first lieu
tenant bagged his 14th to 10Th en-
emy, and another first lieutenant
his 18th to 22d."
The high command said the R. A.
F.. had inflicted civilian casualties in
a new overnight sweep along the
northwest coast of Germany, but it
declared there was no military dam
age and said two of the raiders were
shot down.
Informed sources said As French
civilians were killed and 100 injured
by British bombs in the Nazi-occu-
pied French port of Cherbourg yes
terday.
Evening star., 1941-07-25

were a potential threat to British
territories and interests in the Far
East and that close contact had
been maintained in the face of this
with the dominions and the Neither
lands authorities as well.
There has been diplomatic contact
with China constantly, Mr.. Eden
added, and lit is inadvisable to state
the measures taken as they affect
other governments"
WelIes' Statement Hailed.
The attitude of the United States
government has been publicly an
nounced in no uncertain terms by
the Acting Secretary of State" he
declared, referring to Mr.. Welles'
statement yesterday denouncing
Japan as an aggressor. He called
the statement timely and salutary."
The japanese actions he described
as "a plain threat" to British terri
tories. He disclosed that India as
well as the dominions had been
consulted on the problem.
The authoritative Japan Times
and Advertiser, organ of the Toxic
Foreign Office, set the pace for
sharp press attacks on the United
States.
The newspaper declared that EN-
circlement of Indo-China by Anglo
American and Chungking interests"
had taken the form of aerial, naval
and military bases extending from
India and Burma around to Malaga
and the Philippines.
Reports from Saigon indicated
the French were Withdrawing their
forces from the area to be occupied.
Hope for Better Relations.
Despite the tension in the Far
East, spokesman for the japanese
Cabinet Information Board said
Japan had never given up hope of
betterment of relations with the
United States
In Berlin, authorized sources de-
clared Japan has informed Germany
she is determined to oppose by every
means any British attempt on
French Indo-China or any threat
to Japans new order" in the Far
East.
San Francisco reports said Japan,
taking no chance of having her
finest liners and cargo ships seized
by the United States, clamped strict
orders of radio silence on her vast
merchant fleet, halted suddenly on
the high seas.
Forty-two japanese ships were re-
ported marking time or turning back
toward Japan. There were indica-
tions that one liner, the Tatuta
Maru, was headed for a Mexican
port. Other Japanese vessels in
Pacific Coast ports rushed loading
operations for a quick getaway.
Carried Rich Silk Cargo.
The Tatuta Maru was laden with
1888 bales of raw silk valued at
50 ,500,000-the largest single cargo
of silk ever transported across the
Pacific.
There was little doubt that
japanese authorities feared the
valuable cargoes aboard their vessels
might be impounded if President
Roosevelt ordered japanese credits
frozen.
The big Japanese tanker Daini
Evening star., 1941-07-25
Gen. Richardson Ends
Duty Here as Chief Of
Army Press Section
Assumes Commund
Of 7th Corps August |;
Col. Lord Gets Post

Mai. Gen. Robert G. Richardson,
jr., relinquished his post as chief of
the War Departments Bureau of
Public Relations today preparatory
to taking up new duties as COM
mander of the 7th Army Corps,
with headquarters in Birmingham,
Ala
Until the appointment of sue
cessor, Secretary Stimson announced
that Col Royal B. Lord would be
acting chief of the bureau. Col.
Lord, an engineer officer and West
Pointer of 1923, has been on duty
in the bureau for several months.
AS commander of the 7th Army
Corps, Gen Richardson succeeds
Maj. Gen. Frederic H. Smith Au-
gust /. The latter is to take COM
mand of the anti-aircraft center at
Camp Davis, N. c., where the Army
is experimenting with barrage bal
looms.
Coming here last February from
Fort Bliss, Tex, where he COM
manded the 1st Cavalry Division,
Gen. Richardson was given the task
of reorganizing and building up the
Army's press section. His was the
job of selling" the Army to the
public as well as interpreting it for
the Nations press and radio world.
As soon as he got the organization
going we'll it was expected that he
would return to active field duty.
He has committed the War De-
partment to progressive policy with
respect to its long neglected public
relations. Officials admit it will be
difficult to fill his place, although
there are many candidates for the
post. Gen. Richardson was the first
officer of general rank to be placed
at the head of disseminating War
Department news, indicating the i'm
portance which Gen. George C.
Marshall, Chief of Staff, attached to
the duties.
Evening star., 1941-07-25
Mogicion's Induction
Geographical Problem

By the Associated Press.
SAN DIEGO. Calf, July 25.-Key-
stone the Magician is in the Army
now. He is Pvt. Clifford E WithroW,
Battery D, SD Training Battalion,
Camp Callan.
Withrow's normal pursuit of his
profession gave his Draft Board
puzzlement akin to that produced
in his audiences.
He registered at Cedar Rapids,
Iowa, received his questionnaire at
Gallup, N. Mex, took his physical
examination in Atlanta. Ga. In
Northampton, Mass, he was notified
to report to Springsboro, Ohio. his
home town, for induction orders.
He was inducted at Fort Benjamin
Harrison, Ind, and finally sent to
Camp Callan.
Evening star., 1941-07-25
Citizen Gives Officer
Parking Violation Tag
By the Associated Press.

By LIlb HsSUtlc LtL FFFSS.
JEFFERSON CITY, Mo. July
Police Chief Ben Markway aske
for cooperation in drive again
traffic law violations and got more
help than he bargained for.
A citizen saw a police car parked
by a fireplug. He wrote out tieket
for Officer Horace Debo, directing
him to appear in court.
Mr.. Debo complied, but the judge
dismissed the case An OrdlnanC"
permits police cars to park anywhere
in line Of duty.
Evening star., 1941-07-25
La Guordio Will Help
Direct Water Gate
Concert Next Week

Fiorello H. La Guardia. Mayor
of New York City and director
of the Office of Civilian Defense,
will direct the final Sunset
Symphony at the Potomac
Water Gate Thursday night, it
was announced yesterday.
Watched by the British Am
bassador and Lady Halifax and
other high Government officials,
Mayor La Guardia will lead the
National Symphony Orchestra
in THE Star Spangled Banner"
and in two Sousa marches.
Hands Across the Sea" and
"Semper Fidelis.'
Hans Kinder, permanent con-
ductor, will direct the rest of
the concert, featuring as soloists
the ballet group of Nina Stroga-
nova, Lila Volkova and Vlad-
imir Dokoudovsky.
Evening star., 1941-07-25
New Destructive Tactics
Reported Used by Nozis

BERLIN. July 25 lPy.-Another
costly defeat for British air raiders
over the English Channel by Ger
man fighters, said to be using de-
structive new tactics, was claimed
today by the German high COM
mand.
T'hirty-three r. A. F. planes were
shot down on the Channel coast air
front yesterday, the communique
from Adolf Hitler's headquarters
asserted, including nine four
motored bombers.
All but six were bagged by Ger
Evening star., 1941-07-25
Railroads and Unions
Continue Par|eys
On Wage Demands
$500, 600, 900 Increases
Annually Asked for
10000 Workers

By the Associated Press.
CHICAGO, July 25-Representa-
tives of the Nations railroads and
their union employees continued to-
day a series of conferences on de-
mands for pay increases and changes
in working rules involving 1,l5000O
workers.
Spokesman calculated the increases
if granted-would add 100000 900
or S7OO.0000O0 a year to the carriers
pay rolls.
The railroads Conference Com
mittee Yesterday opened negotiations
first with the heads Of the five
operating unions, whose 350000
members seek a 80 per cent in
crease in basic pay rates.
The committee was tb begin dis
cussions today with chairmen of IA
incorporating brotherhoods on re-
quests for upward adjustments Of
scales OF approximately 100000 mem
bers.
Thereafter, representatives Of the
managements will meet with each
group of unionistS on alternate days
until they reach some agreement or
turn the cases over to the National
Railway Mediation Board.
F. C. Gurley, vice president of the
Santa Fe Railroad and chairman of
the Carriers Executive Committee,
figured the raises sought by the l9
unions would amount to S70O 0OO. 900
year, but Alvaney Johnston, head
of the Brotherhood Of Locomotive
Engineers, reckoned the total at
$500 100000
Mr.. Gurley reported that, if pro-
posals for vacations with pay. larger
crews for Diesel trains and other
adjustments were taken into con-
sideration, railroad operating costs
would be boosted 5000 100000 an
nually.
Evening star., 1941-07-25

started on plans to provide as many
seats as space will permit.
Parking facilities constitute anoth-
er detail which must be attended
to in advance. District and police
officials will be asked to cooperate
and to open to parking for the
occasion nearby lots and streets now
barred to parkers.
Tickets for the event will 60 on
sale Monday at kits music store,
1880 G street NV, at the popular
scale of prices of IS cents, so cents
and 81. After expenses have been
met, all proceeds will be turned over
to the U. s. 0.
Evening star., 1941-07-25
Germans Exclude Jews
From War Indemnities
Hy the Associated Press,

BY the Associated Press.
BERLIN, July 25.-Jews of all
nations are excluded from indemnity
for losses due to an act of war such
as bombing of home, decree in
the official Reich's law gazette said
today.
The decree also provided that
should an Aryan suffer loss or
damage while on a Jews property,
the Jew will be obligated to make
good.
The measure applies to Jews In
Germany and occupied territories.
Evening star., 1941-07-25

to shoot on sight any person at
tempting to escape, the two leaped
from the window and made their
way to safety. Fatigued and in
adequately clad, they were aided
by American consular officials and
were given passage to Lisbon.
The West Point, which is to bring
the larger group of the survivors
back to America, is at Lisbon await
ing the arrival of American consular
officials who have been expelled
from Axis dominated countries.
Evening star., 1941-07-25
Air Ruid Protection

Planting of trees and repainting
Of buildings will be part of Japan's
plan to eamoufage important in
dustrial sections of cities so they
will not be bombed from the air.
Evening star., 1941-07-25
Brakeman Killed

MARTINSBURG, w. Va, July
Is tSpeciaD Joseph C. Puffer-
berger, 40, of Martinsburg, Penn
sylvania Railroad brakeman, was
killed yesterday when thrown from
a box car and crushed between two
trains at Greencastle, Pa.
Evening star., 1941-07-25
Stirrup Pump Is Prize

The special prize at whist given
by home guard unit at Ladybank,
England, was a stirrup pump used
in extinguishing fires started by
bombs.
Evening star., 1941-07-25

NEW YORK. -DU r. YEA
FREED-Chester Duryea, 10,
against whom an indictment
on the charge of numbering
his father, Brig. Gen. Hiram
Duryea, 80-year- old Civil War
veteran, in 1914 was dismissed
yesterday. Duryea was in the
Matteawan State Hospital for
the criminal insane from 1914
until last year, when his at
torney obtained his release for
hearings on the contention
that he had regained his
sanity. Wide World Photo.
Evening star., 1941-07-25
Indo-Chinu

Continued From First Page)
Evening star., 1941-06-03
New York Area
Declared Weak
| In Anti-Air Guns
the Associated Press.

BY the AsSoclAteo SleeS.
Representative Thomas, Repub-
ican. of New Jersey complained to
the War Department yesterday about
what he said was a complete lack
of anti-aircraft protection for the
New York-New Jersey area and re-
ported a civilian employe at Fort
Monmouth, N. j., had been caught
writing code letters TO Communist
leader.
Mr.. Thomas, member of the
House Military Affairs Committee.
also criticized in speaking to news
men what he described as the trans
fer of "some of the biggest and best
guns we had at Fort Hancock. N. j.,
as we'll as 600 trained coast artillery
men to Newfoundland and Ber-
muda," bases recently acquired from
Britain.
Reporting on q three-oay 1nspec-
ton tour of New York-New Jersey
military posts, Mr.. Thomas asserted
that the unidentified worker at Fort
Monmouth had not been discharged
because of what he called red tape"
in Washington, although intelligence
officers at the post had knowledge
that he had been writing letters
telling of laboratory work and Sc
crets." The man, the Representa-
tive added, was a civil service en-
ploye of the Signal Corps laboratory
at the fort.