Evening star., 1941-03-07
Bold Action Urged
In Far East
Student Of Orient Suggests
Specific Program for
United States
Bu Creston B. Mullins.

|
THE UNITED STATES AND JAPAN's
NEW ORDER: BY William C. John
| stone, dean Of the Junior College of
the George Washington University.
oxford University Press.
The Japanese effort to establish their
new order in East Asia" is now at its
| peak under the protection of the war
in Europe, which abruptly cut short
what was developing into an active
American policy of resistance to Nippon
and forced the United States to walk
warily between the menace of a Hitler
victory i1 Europe and the danger of
| provoking military and naval action in
the Far East How the United States
! has resisted this march Of Japan toward
complete dominion in East Asia is the
substance of this study by Prof. john
stone.
The IDEA of new order" in Asia
has vague origins in the early phases
of the Sino-Japanese conflict, but its
| present extent and menace are the
| product OF the return to the premier
ship of Prince Fumimaro Konoye, the
assumption of the foreign ministry by
Yosuke Mstsuoka and the signing of
! the Gernan-Italian-Ja military
alliance September %, 1910. Japan ap-
peared-at least to many Japanese-to
have been given blank check to take
| u,bo cI1 o,,ta ad ~, Ina Uo E,opf 1I
seems to be proceeding on that basis.
| How effective American action will be in
halting that march to dominion Is yet
to be revealed, but 1t is certain from
DR.. Johnstone's work that whatever
effort the United States might exert TO
stop it is drastically curtailed by the
war in Europe.
Exactly what does the new order in
East Asia" mean for the United States?
Why should this country oppose itself
so stoutly to its establishment by Japan?
What is the relationship between our
tangible and intangible stakes in the
Far East and the risks that we run by
resisting Japan?
The United States stake in the Far
between this country and China, the
investments of Americans in the busi-
ness and finance of China, the treaty
rights of extraterritoriality, of residents,
trade and travel, of protection for Amer
lean citizens and their property, of ship
ping and inland navigation, of equal
opportunity for the commerce and in
dllStrNy NJ h. -;nl.t -
all the signatories of the Nine Power
Treaty to fulfill their obligations under
that treaty.
The United States is equally interested
in the intangibles, which have been
stated and reStated by the American
Government ever since the Sino-Jap-
anese war began. They we're best
summed up in Secretary of State Hull's
"credo' of July 16 1897, and in his letter
of January 10, 1888, to Vice President
Garner. Briefly they are order under
| law" respect for treaty obligations"
and acceptance by other nations of
peaceful processes of international re-
lationships" This definition, Mr. Hull
said "transcends in importance the value
OF American trade with China, or Amer
lean investments in China it transcends
even the question of safeguarding the
immediate welfare of American citizens
in China"
DR.. Johnstone concludes that Ameri-
can trade with China and American in
vestments in China have not been
destroyed, although they have been
seriously affected by the japanese ag-
greSsion. He also finds that during
the present conflict not a single treaty
right of the United States in China has
remained unimpaired, but none the less,
it must be emphasized that these rights
have not been extinguished."
The logical conclusion of japanese
| policy as it is now directed, that is
the accomplishment of the new order
in East Asia" is the acquisition of q
huge sphere of influence in China, gar
risoned by Japanese troops. in which
foreign business. industry and trade can
only be carried on under terms dictated
! by the Japanese. Under such conditions
the treaty rights of the United States
and other foreign powers will be of little
account and the open door will be marked
| for exit only"
What, then, can the United States do
to make its policy of resistance to Japan
more effective? DR.. Johnstone proposes
| a program of strengthened ties with
China and the British dominions in the
Pacific, cultivation of relations with
India, continued progressive opposition
to Japan's pretensions in Asia, respect
for our responsibility in the Philippines
and careful scrutiny of Russian action
in the Far East.
For this purpose he would utilize both
political and economic instruments,
propaganda and, If necessary, force.
| Thus, with his long-range program and
the instruments for carrying it out laid
| down, DR.. Johnstone recommends an
immediate course of action as follows:
Redefnition, for the benefit of jap
anese of our concept of order"
Suggestion to the Japanese that they
take q series of steps to bring about
stability in Asia, these to include with
drawal of troops from south of the
Great Wall, a settlement with Chang
Kai-shek, japanese assistance in the
reconstruction of China, reafirmation of
willingness to respect the Nine Power
and Four Power Treaties.
American offer to conclude a new
trade treaty with Japan; approval, and
perhaps assistance, in arrangements for