davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1941-04-01

tricks of speech , Is not only un-
seemly, it is also exceedingly tire
some.
Ever since Colonial days we have
had a definitely American speech
pattern. Is there any reason for
throwing it overheard now? What
do you think?
Why is 1t correct to say "If I
WERE younger: WAS and
WERE will trouble you no longer
if you read my free, non-techni-
cal key. Send stamped t3-cent,
self-addressed envelope to Frank
Colby, In care of The Evening
Star. Ask for free "WAS-WERE
Pamphlet" or simply inclose this
clipping.
Evening star., 1941-04-01

ence was to be in regard to the num-
ber of the year. Nineteen hundred
and twelve (the first year of the re-
public was to be the year one, and
the next year the year two.
We cannot say what kind of a
calendar the Chinese will have in
the future. That will be partly a
question of how much power over
the country the japanese win-and
keep.
To win power In China Is one
thing. and to keep it is another
Evening star., 1941-04-01

North felt he couldn't 60 on after
four spades. partly because of no
spade fit, partly because of the two
losing diamonds, and partly because
his hand had no real solldlty.
South didn't want to make a
stronger bid than four spades be-
cause of North's original pass. Slam
seemed very unlikely unless North
could take the initiative. Were we
both right, or was one Of us at
fault?"
We think South was right but
that North was too conservative.
After all, a Jump to four spades is
a slam invitation: and North, with
a maximum pass" which included
two aces, should have encouraged
South to go on.
It doesn't really matter what North
bids over four spadeS-any bid
would encourage South to bid a
slam. North might bid five clubs,
or five spades-even five hearts
and Souths next bid would be six
spades in any case.
The lack of spade fit was un-
important, since South's big jump
guaranteed an independent suit. The
losing diamonds made no difference,
because South had to have his
strength somewhere-and diamonds
was the most likely location. And
North's two aces were ample COM
pensation for the lack of solidity.
n %<
Yesterday you were Howard
schenken's partner and. non-vul-
nerable against vulnerable oppon-
ents, you held:
Al KJ9T
VAJ4
8 K 10 53
J. A 10
The bidding:
Mailer You Jacoby schenken
IA Cd
Ansver-Pass. There Is every
prospect that the opponents will
get themselves in trouble If you let
them alone. If you enter the bid
ding, however, it is quite likely that
YOU will get into trouble while the
opponents scramble out OF it.
score 100 per cent for pass, 70
Der cent for one no-trump or douple.
Question No. 722.
Today you hold the same hand,
and the bidding continues:
Evening star., 1941-04-01
Winning Contract
BY THE FOUR ACES.

DAVID Bruce Burnstone, Merwln D.
Maier, Oswald Jacoby and Howard
Schenken. worlds leading team-of-
four. inventors of the system that
has beaten every other system in
existence
Evening star., 1941-04-01
Too Conservative

II don't mind missing a slam
which needs very delicate play"
writes a Houston, Tex, fan, but it
burns me up to miss a slam when
there are IL tricks in top cards.
North, dealer.
Both sides vulnerable.
Evening star., 1941-04-01

Maier You Jacoby Schenken
IA Pass 2NT Pass
3A CD
What do you bid? (Answer to-
morrow
ReIeased by the Bell Syndicate. Ine)
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-05-03
Changes
Made at Albion

ALBION, May 3. - Numerous
changes in the assignment of in.
structors at Albion College, effec-
tive at the close of the school
year. were announced today by
DR.. John L. Seaton. president.
Most of the changes will be
made in the athletic department.
where the present athletic direcs
tor, DR.. +. +. Voltmer, will
become director OF physical educ
cation. His assistant. Dale r.
Sprankle. is being promoted to the
position of director of intercol-
legiate athletics. AS coach of tbs
basketball team, Doctor Voltmer
will be replaced by his assistant.
Ted Watts. Sprankie will continue
TO coach football, track and fresh
man basketball, while Watts will
coach varsity basketball and teach
in the physical education depart.
ment.
Edward T. Miller Jr.. professor
of economics, will be replaced by
| Frank Fl. Mossman. formerly on
the staff of the Chilling University,
China, and Oklahoma City Coll
lege. Professor Miller is leaving in
June for active duty with the
army.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-05-03
AirpIone Travel

Since aircraft plants have
been called upon TO concentrate
upon filling governmental orders,
only limited number of new
planes are and will be obtain
able by commercial airlines. The
prospect is that very shortly
there will be more applications
than seats for air travel.
AS for those who have their
personal transportation and in
tend TO use it for vacationing.
the possibility is that gasoline
may become dearer between
now and September and that
still higher taxes will be levied.
Above and beyond all this is
the haunting thought that the
United States. may be dragged
or pushed into war within the
next few months.
Somehow. | feel that 7 could
enjoy a vacation far more while
we are still acknowledgement
than l could if and when our
nation were put on war basis.
And l am sure millions of indi-
viduals and families feel the
same.
Hence. this is another reason
for endeavoring TO arrange va
cations as early as possible.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-05-03
Retail
Volume
Improves

Retail sales here advanced over
the previous week with the aid Of
favorable weather and further
scceleration OF industrial activity
says Dun & Bradstreet. Inc.
Merchants closed the month OF
April with sales increases averag.
ing approximately Is per cent
over April. 1910, and at least that
same amount over March, 1871.
Household furnishings. builders
supplies and automobiles con-
tinued to lead the parade, with
garden supplies showing their nor
NAL seasonal upturn.
Wholesalers finished April with
volume close TO Is per cent over
the same month year ago anc
around S per cent TO s per cent
over the preceding month.
Collections continue at better
rate than last year, advance orders
are coming in in good numbers
and the wholesalers chief COM
plant is the gradual slowing W
of deliveries.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-05-03
Market Leaders
Hold in Narrow
Price Range
International New. service Wire

NEW YORK. May 3.-The stock
market was a mixed and colorless
affair at the opening today, with
many leaders holding at last
nights closing quotations.
Trading was extremely dull,
promising one OF the dullest Sat
urdays of the year.
Bethlehem and United States
Steel. along with General Motors
and Standard Oil of New Jersey,
gave up small fractions on their
initial sales. Chrysler, Douglas
Aircraft, Du Pont and Sante Fe
were among the stocks to chalk
up minor gains.
No change was shown by Mont
gomery Ward. New York Central,
General Electric, kennecott, In
ternational Nickel and Union Car
bide.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-05-03
Serve as Wedoe

The great significance Of this
is that it helps toward a fuller
realization that the interests of
others than the employer and
employe in a given industry are
paramount. and that the gov
eminent must represent the
whole national society. This is
true not only in a defense emer-
gencY.- but always --
II should not take an emer-
gency To make uS all realize
that cooling off periods arc
wise. and that general strikes
10 coerce the public are bad
Thus the Vinson bill which
now COMES bcturr mr. tiotfsr for
action. should be passed, with
minor amendments II may we'll
serve as an entering wedge for
agreement for the new labor
Legislation which is needed 10
express our growing understand
ing Of the labor problem. It's
essential features are a cooling
off period OF Is days before
strikes can be called IN a de-
Tense industry and definite leg
iSlative sanction for the new
mediation board.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-05-03
Forbes
Why Vacations
Should Be Taken
EARLY This Year
BY b. &. FORBES
Arrange vacations early.


We know what conditions are
now. We don't know what they
may be before the end of Sum-
mer. With the exception of
establishments swamped with de-
Tense orders, most concerns are
today operating normally. There
fore. vacations could be started
without causing unusual disloca-
ton.
Fortunately, the weather al
ready is mild and there is no
reason to expect return OF un-
seasonal cold.
Summer resorts are now
opening. while all will be ready
for business within the next few
weeks.
All forms OF transportation
will be available for those who
plan early travel. whereas con-
gestion. dislocation, dearth OF
accommodations may arise long
before Labor Day.
Ralph T. Reed of the Ameri-
can Express Company, tells me
that they expect a very big
travel year. Many people do not
feel sure that conditions next
Summer will permit of normal
vacationing. They plan 10 60
while the going is good.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-05-03
Metal Markets

NEW YORK. May 2-Thefs Wss no
iet-down In inquiry fer lead TODAY a.
consumers continued 20 seek more tom
nsg.s that were available from daily pro
auction and intake quotas Of principal
sellers. Price held firm a. 5 IS 20 81
cents q pound. New York. and SIC cents,
81 Louis.
In copper. principal producing interests
continued 20 allocate domestic production
at IL cents a pound. delivered Connecticut
Valley.
supply Of copper in custom smelter sec
ton IL small and a. q result sales are
limited AT l2is cents pound. II -
poin'sdout that considerable more me al
could be disposed 81 10 II were available
Outside market again was inactive with
dealers s,in RETAINING from naming any
price.
Principal primary seller. Of zinc adhered
TO strict rationing o. supplies at T23 cents
q pound, East ST. Louis
New York and wholesale uonferrou,
metal quotations supplied BY Federated
Metals Division. Detroit, Spot. 20 per cent
tin. nominal New YORK. 81 az future
tin, ST. lake grade copper. delivered
Midwest. IL: sIectrolytie spot smelter u n
u 50. casting copper. u rs 81. Louis lead
so; St. Louis zinc. 7.25 New York anti
mOny. l4. virgin aluminium. II.
Tin quiet. All other metals fairly active
Export copper, II. resale, nominal. IL so
Free sterling exchange. 81 o. =.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-05-03
Excursions at Home

Excursions this year will be
very largely confined to our own
borders.
Trips TO Europe or the Orient
are out. Not only are fewer
ships available for cruises. so
popular in recent years, but few
holiday-makers will care to VEN
ture far from the United States
in face of roaming German raid
ers and increasing German
threats.
Therefore the prepondcrating
bulk Of travel will be done by
rail and by air-with. Of course,
many families taking TO their
own automobiles.
AS preparedness prosuction
expands. which it will do rapidly
and vastly. our railroads will be-
come so swamped with freight
that they may not be able 10
run unlimited numbers of trains
for the accommodation of ex-
cursionistS.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-05-03
Notes Progress
In Solution Of
Labor Problem
BY LEWIS HANEY

Professor Of Economics. n. Y. UnivsrsIt,
II seems TO me that one of
the most encouraging develop
ments now going on in this
country is progress toward a
better understanding of the
labor problem. We are probably
far from the solution of that
problem, but in such matters a
correct understanding of the
issues involved is more than half
the battle.
In labor relations. an under
standing spirit is more to be
valued than 100 laws.
Today there is an immediate
and special side of the labor
problem. in the shape Of the
defense program. While all is
not as IL should be in defense
work, it can at least be said
that both employer and employe
are coming 10 recognize the fact
that a defense industry is on a
different footing from other in
dustrleS. They may not have
granted this recogn ton
promptly and willingly in all
cases. but they sec that public
opinion is so strongly set in that
direction that they must so
along.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-05-03
Costs MAY Rise

Incidentally. travel costs
probably will join the general
uptrend.
Nearly all new wage agree
ments between unions and in
dustrial corporations n lu d @
provision for vacations with
pay. II workers are 10 insist
upon vacations. surely it would
be easier to start granting them
in the immediate future than to
wait until huge new plants now
under construction are ready to
start operating.
always have been a great
believer in vacations, for all
classes. Simply paying work.
ers one week or two weeks eX-
ira pay in lieu Of a vacation is
not satisfying substitute. This
does not provide needed rest,
relaxation. recreation.
So. wherever feasible. arrange
early vacations.
Copyright, 1871. by 3. C.. Forbes
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-05-03
Detroit Produce

APPLEs-M Michigan. 2is-inch minimum
bu crates. Delicious 81 asa so; Northern
spys. S2sul30; stsrn, 81: steele Red
Sl35al40: q. finch min. Sqi25.
WASHINGTON crates. II
ibs No loose. medium size. hI 30
ID crates, buneheo. So sienisan- efst ss.
south Carolina pyramid crates. don
bunches X colossal and X fancy, N7S1
Il. X choice. 81 rs.
vocADos-Canfornis na,s. 1ss TO 3os,
Sis5a2. fair quality, 81. rs q ] 80.
BEANs-Florlds bu hampers. Bountifuls.
S25O4275: Black Valentines, So 3.25
fair quality. 81 50. wax. nat type. 81 Q %
-BEETS-TsxAx- -erate..-3- -d0z.
BROCCOLI California pony crates. 80
bUnche, IS IS.
CABBAGE-Los Angeles crates. round
type. California. fair condition 50 50 II 81
Georgia. 81 so; Alabama, s2-2an2 so
Louisiana pointed type. Ns542; Missis-
slppi pony crates round type. 81 40 ! 80
Georgia i on hampers. si15
cAKRoTs.Lo. Angelo. crates : dol.
3.25. poorer low as 81.
CArLIFLowER-Pony crates. lbs and
larger. 81 g0n2O5.
CELERY -Is-ineh crates. trimmed tops
Florida, Pascal. 4 dor. So 234375; ordi-
nary quality, 4s TO los, 81 so. Golden
Heart doz S2a2.25; dor, s2g2.5o.
SIS and Toe S2a2.25 xxs, si.75a2; ali
sizes. Ordinary Quautl, sl.oOs
fancy. So 75Q4: choice. 81 75a325, large.
81 50 ~ IS pickle SO rs.
LETTUCE Los Angeles crates Iceberg,
81 Is, salinas. dor stsoat75 5 dog !,
81 1915 doz, far quality, s31 IS
Guadalupe DIST 5 dor, ordinary 10 fair
quality s. j0a4. Arizona. Phoenix, poor
LEAF LETTUCE Hothous. lob
baskets Ohio SI25 Michigan. 81 asa / IS.
ONioNS-u. S No. J iellows, 50-lb.
sacks Michigan 7o% Pinch and larger.
ai,ion 75ca s. az CHI. crate, spanish
as rs and sos. 50 IS. New stock
Texas 5o-lb SACK Y. $. comms yellow
Bermudas. 81 5onZ - crys'Ai white Wy
onion sETs-32-Ib. sack, InIno,
YeHovs. 81 500 / so.
POTAToEs-U s No. l0O-lb sack,
unless otherwise stated Idaho Russ.t Bur
banks. 81 s04i 90. No. -, 81 IS, 10Th.
sacks 1sd2lc, various varieties Maine
81 5O1is5; I5-ib. sacks asa 2Sc Michigan
LIS: coSblsrs. 81 90; Upper Peninsula
Green Mountains. 81 90 18Th. sacks Green
Mountain 22124c New stock-Florids
IS TEXAS sob sacks L S 10. washed
Triumphs 65gi.73. California 50-lb.
SACKS L. 5. No. / washed Long Whites.
81 251l35. L. 6 No. size n, 81 10
Ioo-lb sacks U. 3. No washes Ions
Whites s. 30.
sHALLOTs Louisiana barrels 20 doI.
bchs S72S.
SPINACH Blu. baskets savoy type. Viz
ginis csc Il 81
STRAWBERRIES Louisiana 24.pt.
I crates Kiondykss, 81 asa 2 so fev best
high as 81 IS, poorer low as 81 Alabama
24-Qt. crates Missionaries. S3.75u4. poorer
low as 81 Is.
TOMAToEs-R epacks iO-lh. cartons 81.
small size Sl.s5 Ohio dollhouse s-lo. bas-
kets medium size 81 p5.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-05-03
Bulgarian Orthodox
Bishop Holds Service

BATTLE CREEK, May 3.-The
Rev Andrea Velichke. bishop Of
the Bulgarian Orthodox Church in
the United States, left Battle
Creek today after conducting an
early morning service for MEM
bers of his faith in the st. Thomas
Episcopal chapel.
Bishop Xelichke has been In
Battle Creek since Wednesday aid
ing members of the Bulgarian,
Greek and Russian Orthodox faiths
in the selection of church build
ing site. He will return tn several
weeks to continue his plans for
founding a church here.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-05-03
Arrange TO Employ
New Food Inspector

BATTLE CREEK. May 3.-City
officials said today that il was
probable the city would employ a
full time food inspector next week
under the expanded city health
program aimed at providing de
Tense area services.
His salary will be paid from
newly augmented health depart
ment funds. The departments new
budget will be considered at a
meeting of the city commission
Monday night.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-05-03
Rate Of Progress

The pitfalls have not been
ascribable so much to lack of
humane sentiment on the part
OF business leaders as TO the fact
that the rate of progress has
been unequal in different call
ings and in different geographi-
cal areas. 1t is attractive in a
metaphysical way TO dream OF
equality throughout the world.
but Photographic bookkeeping
records vast differences in the
technique of production in, say.
the United States. the number
one industrial nation, and in
China or Soviet Russia.
In the current state of in
equality it seems mutually con-
Trajectory to aim simultaneously
10 remove economic barriers"
to 'uninpeded' international
trade and to find a way to pro-
tect the American standard OF
living from the competition OF
lower standards"
From my viewpoint. the effec-
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-05-03
Battle Creek Firm
Gets Ship Pump Order

BATTLE CREEK. May s.
Another national defense contract
was awarded to a local company
today when the Union Steam
Pump Company entered into 4
contract to produce 300 pumps for
cargo ships for the United States
Maritime Commission.
The local company will share
with four other companies the
production of pumps for 312 cargo
ships. The Union Steam Pump
Company produced similar pumps
during the last war and will not
need to expand its facilities to
reach proper production, Earl p.
Ordway, company president, said
today.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-05-03
M. S. Rukeyser:


ties OF men are a more or less
constant factor, and the pro-
longed economi C maladjust-
ments since 1929 did not spring,
in my judgment, primarily from
fluctuations in the moral cap
ital of the business world.
Unquestionably. b u S ne s
needs positive. not merely
negative, detectives. l submit
that by its works American in
dustry has formulated a posi-
tive goal, namely. 10 provide
the public with more and better
goods. The logic of economics
OF mass production inevitably
brings into play a collateral So
Geological trend in raising the
material wellbeing of 10000, 900
American families.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-05-03
HighIigh+s
In Sports
ny International New, Service

ny international news service
Porters Cap, Our Boots and
Whirlaway top a brilliant field
in the siXty-seventh running of
the historic Kentuck.' Derby.
Col. Matt J. Vim. S0-year-old
master of Churchill Downs. is
man of the week in sports
Cleveland Indians are playing
heads-up ball for their new man.
ager Roger Peckinpaugh, with
eight straight victories.
Welterweight champion Frit-
zie Civic gains decision over
Tony Marteliano and awaits re-
turn match with Al Dummy
Davis.
Swain draws coveted post
position for the Derby
Prc-Derby rumor swprpS
Churchill Downs that groomS
plan 10 strike.
Early threat OF rain fails 10
disturb Derby fans, with fast
track indicated.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-05-03
Bishop Seeks to Envisage
Businessmen of Tomorrow

tive compromise lies in safe
guarding superior A mer "a n
standards of living from coolie
competition through an effective
protective tariff. That is a short
term program. Then, from a
long range viewpoint. we can
offer technical aid and guidance
in helping other peoples to emu
late our use of science and in
vention, superior tools and
advanced power technology in
order to enable their nationals
TO produce more in a weeks
work and thus 10 enjoy rising
material well-being. To the ex-
tent that other nations raise
their living standards. the peace
of the world will be better pro-
tected.
At home the paradox OF want
amidst plenty was caused by
disturbed balance incidental to
inequality in the rate OF progress
in different vacations. This was
aggravated by confused think
inc. which led 10 a dual system
which protected industrial prod
ucts and wages, keeping them
far above the international level.
whereas agricultural prices and
income were kept in greater
harmony with international ten
denotes. Thus, the domestic pro-
ducing groups found difficulty IN
giving employment to one an
other through interchanglng
among themselves the special
ized products of their years
labor.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-05-03
Its Socialism

Fundamentally the permanent
'abor problem Is the problem Of
viding the product Of industry
among enterprise profits, capI-
al INTEREST," and labor wages.
The basic problem Will always
concern the share in the social
income that laborcrs are TO re-
cciVe.
From this point OF view. the
great danger has been that the
SoclalIstlc notion that labor is
the only factor Of production,
and that everybody should labor
might be experimental with in
this country This danger l
think. i lesSen!ng. Just a. en-
ployers are realizing more fully
the rights and the productivity
Of labor. % employees are modi-
Tying their radical claims.
Once the necessity OF any fac
tor Of production is granted. II
il difficult 10 see how il can be
denied that that factor must be
paid according 10 what il con-
tributes TO the product. Accord
lnglyr a mutual recognition of
the Importance Of each others
contribution to production is the
primary requisite for a solution
OF the labor problem.
This involves a functional
point of view. As long as wages
are regarded merely as pay
ments received by a social class
in order that they may live ac-
cordlng 10 a certain standard.
there can be no real solution.
Wages must be regarded as
functional reSult-as the prod
uct of labor
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-05-03

In seeking TO envisage the
business man OF tomorrow.
Bishop G.. Bromley Oman of
Boston made a two-fsted talk
at Washington before the con-
vention of the Chamber of Com
merce Of the United States.
The churchman berated men
of the workaday world for
spending their major energy
phrasing negatives Pointing
out that mere opposition does
not solve problems, the bishop
added;
"POsitives are demanded. Un-
less intelligent men Of ability
find positive answer to contem-
porary problems. the masses
will follow the demagogue who
comes with his easily phrased
panacea, pointing the way to
the promised land. but actually
leading people to the desert.
THE American business man
must find a way TO remove the
contradiction that lies In our
ability 10 produce and otir In
ability to distribute In a moral
or nationally adequate way I.
He, In cooperation with the
business men of the world. must
find some way to remove the
barriers that economic nation
alism places between us and an
unimpeded world market. He
must find way to protect the
American standard Of living
from the competition Of lower
standards and the more menac-
ing competition of totalitarian
organization"
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-05-03
Economic Ailment

The resultant disparltles. In
equities and EMBELLISHMENTS
were in sense mechanical,
rather than moral.
To be efficacious. the remedy
must be specifically related to
the exact nature OF the economic
ailrrpnt