davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1941-11-06

hal in China as late as 1880. Perhaps
they still are somewhere in Asia"
Meanwhile, Samara suffered for
want of riches of another, more pre-
cious kind. Terrible famine afflicted
the city in 1921 and hundreds of
men, women and children died for
lack of a little bread. One of the
problems which currently must en-
gage the attention of the present
administration is that of feeding the
crowds of transients which inev-
itably have been attracted to the
town. Chelyabinsk and Omsk may
have to accept the human overflow
which Kuibyshev cannot accommo-
date with existing facilities.
Evening star., 1941-11-06

Dear Sir:
Have been intending to wife you for
some time about our birds. averal years
ago we set up feeding station and since
have learned a great deal bout birds
and their habits.
I'VE live beyond GeorgetEn in the
reservoir area. In the wintt we have
titmice, downy woodpeckers, chickadees.
juncos, nuthatches, blue Jas, and OF
course the little sparrows an! the funny
starlings.
Now and then squirll ventures
near. but is promptly chasf away by
our bluebirds.
Last spring this same par of blue
birds, at least I think 1t the same
pair, attempted to take possession of a
bluebird house which we hid hung on
a tree about feet from thu ground.
erAAa
ut is a nice house, southern exposure
and all. But the sparrows and the STAR
lings made life so miserable that the
p, .,ty bluebirds left, and w felt sure
ne had seen the last Of then when one
evening. after fighting for ;, few days,
they gave up and took of TO the woods
10 and behold, were W surprised
after the summer was over, a,d the spar
rows finished raising numerous famiDs
Of young in this house, and we Hd
taken 1t down, cleaned it outand pu 1t
up again-back came the bl&birds iuu
of fight.
I'VE were very glad to see thenbut
believed they would be driven away but
this time they have held the fort a(inst
all comers, even squirrels.
What I want to know il this They
seem to be living in the house, alleast
they come out Of it every norniI and
hang around most of the day.
will they stay all winter am if SO
what do they like best to eat?
II have been putting out Taisins
chopped up, in addition to the vd bird
seed and bread which always ut out.
I'VE call them Mr. and Mrs. llitz as
they dive bomb everything whid comes
within ten feet of their home.
"A starting who got too GURUS and
settled on the house near i door,
was promptly knocked to thSground
by Mr.. Blitz upon being called ONE in
no uncertain manner by Mrs ntz.
You should have seen her, s fused
for over a half hour after twas all
over, and think she was scdng her
husband for not being near toelp her
keep intruders away.
Even squirrels are attacke if they
try to climb that particular tr. 1t is a
great show.
Thank you for any inforntion you
can give me on how to feed Use birds.
Sincerely, ~. r."
Perhaps the best foods Win can be
put out for those few bluirds that
winter here are ground beef,p take the
place Of insects and worms; lisins and
currants. The latter substitution fruits.
The best way to attract anGeep blue
birds In fall and winter is establish
Evening star., 1941-11-06
Rail Pay Decision

AS was to be expected, the Presi-
dents Emergency Fact Finding
Board has advanced a compromise
proposal for settling the rail wage
dispute. The unions demanded in
creaSeS estimated by the carriers at
$900,000,000 annually. The board,
satisfied that the wage increases
recommended are fair and reason
able" offers a temporary program,
retroactive to September and termi-
mating December 81, 1912, which
calls for approximately $270,000,0OO.
Even this sum, the board comedies,
may be more than can be absorbed
by the railroad industry out of cur
rent revenues, and probably must be
shouldered on the public in the form
of higher transportation costs.
In defense of its recommendations,
the board says:
The public would not be justified
in expecting railroad labor to con-
tinue to work on the basis of its
present wage rates in light of the
wage increase trends in industry
generally, the rising cost of living,
and the Importance of the services
performed by railroad labor in this
time of national emergency"
1t is equally emphatic, however, in
expressing belief that an increase
now should be only a temporary
addition to pay and not an advance
in the basic wage rates "in view Of
the many uncertainties in national
outlook" A time limit should be
applied, the board continues, and
the rail wage structure re-examined
next year "in light of the existing
economic conditions of the railroad
industry and of the country
In reporting to the President, the
board proposes 7l2 per cent increase
for the five operating brotherhoods as
compared to 80 per cent demanded;
a nine-cent-per-hour increase, ap-
proximating 1872 per cent, for the
fourteen non operating brother
hoods who want 80 cents more hourly,
and one-week vacations for this
latter group instead of the two weeks
sought. A seven and one-half cent
hourly increase for employees of the
Railway Express Agency, whose wage
demands also were before the board,
and a basic hourly wage of forty
cents for, the so-called Short Lines
and forty-five cents for the rest of
the rail industry, including the Ex-
press Agency, are other recommended
tions. These hourly minima would
be permanent instead of temporary,
and are designed to help the low
income groups for whom thirty-six
cent rate was fixed in March by the
Wage and Hour Administrator, the
board explains.
The board proposals are not bind
ing on the disputants and face an
uncertain future. The attitude of
the unions forecasts rejection, and
the carriers also are dissatisfied.
Under the Railway Mediation Act,
however, another thirty days must
elapse before strike could be called,
regardless of the action taken by
either party on the board recon-
mendations.
Evening star., 1941-11-06
Member of the Associated Press.
Parking Restrictions

The Board of Trades opposition to
a blanket ban on parking of auto
mobiles in the central business sec
tion, as expressed yesterday before a
special Senate subcommittee study
ing District traffic problems, is based
on the understandable belief of its
members that such a drastic step
should not be taken until adequate
off-street parking facilities are avail
able for motorists. The board and
a number of other organizations have
pointed out that to bar parkers from
all downtown streets at this time
would impose undue hardships on
office workers, shoppers and others
who find it convenient or economical
to use their own cars for transporta-
ton. Fears also have been voiced
fected adversely.
While there is merit to be found in
these contentious, the plain fact re-
mains that public highways pri-
marily are designed to accommodate
moving traffic, not for use as park
ing terminals; that moving traffic
is being seriously handicapped in its
rightful use of the highways by lines
of cars parked at the curb, and that
accident hazards have been multi
piled by this condition. There is
nothing illogical, therefore, about the
rising demands for more stringent
restrictions on street parking or for
a complete outlawing of parking in
congested areas. 1t has become in
creasingly clear, moreover, that
while it is true that parkers, if driven
from the streets today, would be
unable to find enough parking space
of the street, it is equally true that
there is little inducement for private
enterprise to provide more extensive
terminal facilities when it is forced
to compete with free public parking
on the streets. This deadlock is
likely to continue until drastic meas
ures are taken to break it. Half
measures are apt to be Intellectual
for the simple reason that the park
ing and traffic congestion problem
Is developing in gravity out of all
proportion to the remedies being
applied.
Certainly the problem will not be
solved by the inadvisable expedient
Of transferring parked automobiles
from streets to the Mall or other
areas dedicated for park or recrea-
tional purposes. The most promising
proposal now under consideration is
the Whitehurst fringe parking lot
plan. This program for municipality
operated parking areas on the out
skirts of the downtown section would
help to pave the way for drastic
parking prohibitions designed to re-
store the city's streets to their in
tended function as channels of
free flowing traffic.
Evening star., 1941-11-06

@. What is the maximum speed Of
subway express trains in New York City?
%. M. A.
A. The approximate actual maximum
speed attained by the New York City
subway express train is 40 miles an hour.
@. Who did DR.. Will Durant list as
the 10 greatest thinkers in the world?
M. K.
A. His selection is as follows: Confu-
cius, Plato. Aristotle, st. Thomas
Aquinas, Copernicus, Kant, Darwin,
Bacon, Isaac Newton and Voltaire.
@. What will make pine cones burn
with colored light?-F. B. w.
A. Pine cones may be dipped in solu-
ton of salt water in order to rake them
burn with colored light.
@. Please give the names of the Ameri-
can and British boats in the Battle Of
Lake Erie.-J. H. T.
A. The American squadron consisted Of
the following vessels: Lawrence, Niagara,
Caledonia, Ariel, Summers, Porcupine,
Tigress, Scorpion, and Trip. His Majes-
tvs squadron was composed Of the De-
troit, Queen Charlotte. Lady Provost,
Hunter, Little Belt, and Chippeway.
@. For whom is Fort Ruger at Homo
lulu named?-R. R. R.
A. The War Department says that Fort
Ruger was named in honor of Maj Gen.
Thomas H. Ruger, United States Army.
who served during the Civil War and
died on June 3, 1907
@. What does Mahatma Gandhi eat?-
NJ M. A.
A. Inside Asia" by John Gunther
says: He eats no meat of course, and
in fact only seldom takes any cooked
food. A mug of goats milk, dates, nuts,
a tablespoon of honey, garlic. bowl Of
chopped fresh vegetables and plenty Of
fruit-oranges, pineapples, mangoes,
peaches-this is the general meal"
@. What are the names Of Charlie
Chaplain's sons and in what years were
they born?-L. S.
A. His sons, Charles Spencer Chaplin,
jr., and Sydney Earle Chaplin, were born
in 1925 and 1926, respectively.
@. Are the words data" and strata
plural or singular?-D. G. N.
A. They are plural. The singular
forms, datum" and stratum" rarely
are used.
@. Please give the correct pronuncia-
ton Of Gene Tunney's surname-S. P. H.
A. 1t is pronounced to rhyme with
money.
Q. Who were Big and Little Harpe?-
A. j. R.
A. The Harpe brothers were criminals
who operated in pioneer times, chiefly
in Kentucky and Tennessee. After Big
Harpe was captured and beheaded by
regulators in 1899, Little Harpe, under
another name, joined Samuel Mason's
band Of highwaymen. He was legally
hanged near Natchez in 1904.
@. When was the first bowling match
held in the United States?-R. L. G.
A. The first recorded match game was
played on the Knickerbocker Alleys In
New York City on January l, 1910.
Evening star., 1941-11-06
Sunuro

The Marxist variant of Samara is
Kuibyshev, but the older and more
colorful name still clingS to the city
which is to be the temporary capital
OF the Soviet Union. Rising above
the junction of the Volga with one
OF its principal tributaries, the new
administrative seat of the Russian
government is distinctively a river
town. Most of its normal industry is
related to the water front, where
vast quantities of goods of all vari-
cites are transshipped. The popula-
tion in ordinary times does not ex-
ceed a quarter million people. A
great majority of the permanent resi-
dents are employed in the manufac-
ture of machinery, leather working,
flour milling, distilling and brewing.
The making of kumiss is an enter
prise for which the neighborhood is
famous.
Samara probably was a "cross
roads" settlement centuries ago, but
the modern community dates back
no further than 1886. 1t was made
to order" by command of the En-
peror, Theodore I, or of his much
more famous regent, Boris Godunov,
an ardent colonizer, destined himself
to succeed to the imperial dignity by
election in 1885, The purpose of the
"outpoSt" at the start was to protect
communication between the princi-
palities of Astrakhan and Kazan. AS
the main line" to Siberia gradually
developed, the place prospered as a
"stopover." Such is its character
today. The city is a gate to the East
through which Stain and his asso-
ciates may flee If German arms pre-
vail.
Other officers of the Muscovite ma
ton have escaped through Samara
In years gone by. In. 1918 the Rus
sian state gold treasure was brought
there from Moscow and Petrograd
In charge of Tsarist soldiers. What
became of it afterWard is an un-
solved mystery. The wealth seized
by the revolutionists was but a frac-
ton of what the czars had held.
Jewels of fabulous value which once
belonged to the unfortunate Nicholas
II are alleged to have been in Shang-
Evening star., 1941-11-06
SuppIiont

BetUeen the first, sharp Uarnin1
note OF frost
And drifting snoU,
A garden learns submission. See
The flushed ledDeS 90
Perplered, to meet the somber, ,Dait-
ing earth.
Each purpling stalk
Droops in the smoky air. Beside
The garden 1DaK
BraUe blossoms yield their last, trail
loneliness
To errdnt bees =.
MY garden is a uistful nun
Upon her kneeSl
BETTY WOOLLCOTT SANDAL.
Evening star., 1941-11-06
Commends Star Series on
Geography and History.

To the Editor OF The Star:
Not since the World War HE so many
names Of strange places croed up in
our newspapers and magazis and on
the radio-Dakar, RekajaV Karkov,
Chungking, Trinidad, TobruAAnd I am
certain that this is tren that will
long continue. What goes,n in the
whole world has become tally i'm
portant to the United State
In this connection the ewspapers
have rendered a great servitt to educa-
ton by printing maps, pictus and ar
ticles which help students Understand
world developments. Obvisly, text
books cannot keep up to thminute in
their description Of events. Educators
are therefore turning more I'd more to
the use of newspapers as sualementary
aids.
Now with the appearance the series
on geography and history iepared by
the National Geographic Sciety and
printed In The Star, anotr step has
been taken. These articldgiving the
geographic and historical calbackground
should be most helpful infding both
teachers and students to ur$rstand the
world we are in and its tentiaities
when the forces of aggreSsjtare finally
banished. ]. w. STUlBAKER,
Commissioner, U. s. omef Educa-
ton Federal Security Ahcy.
Public Welfare Chairman Plains
Reasons for Building Hospf Now.
To the Editor of The Star:
On behalf of the Board dPublic We'll
fare wish to thank you tsprinting in
full its report to the Disft Commits
sioners on the Home for Aged and
Infirm.
In order that the public ay be more
fully informed OF the resns for the
action of the Board Of Fdc Welfare,
I should appreciate some ttement in
your valuable paper whie will more
fully cover the facts.
The position Of the boaras outlined
in its report. was taken for z following
reasons: III
/. Under the priorities la3a hospital
may be erected at this tim but not .
new home. This hospital the most
urgent need for improvetAt of the
institution. Its erection VT urged by
the board 10 or IL years gbut failed
Of acceptance by the authoges.
2. The extensive repairs rsmmended
will give q tolerable condfh for the
present. The hospital, by ting away
200 of the inmates requirit the most
attention, will relieve to . nsiderable
extent the crowded condan at the
home, which is one Of its wt features.
3. With regard to "boards OUT in
mates, the board intends tboard out
only those who will be uncomfortable
and happier with their fanes or inti-
mate friends and who do pt require
much medical care and attsion.
BY the time the new hospit Is erected
, and those inmates whose edition will
be improved by removal haveen placed
with their families or fries, we will
know the approximate size the home
required for this Institute and viii
then make an intelligent rbmmenda-
ton as to the size and localn Of such
q home.
The Board Of Public Wefe has al
ways been aware of the shosomings Of
this institution and the rprds show
that every year since the ganization
of the board it has made rpmmenda-
tions for repairs and itrovements
which have failed to meet approval
Of either the Commissioners be Budget
Evening star., 1941-11-06
Huskin's Answers
To Questions
BIZ Frederic J. HdSkin.

A reader can get the dns1Der to any
question of fact by Driting The Eue-
ming Star Information Bureau, Fred.
eric J. HdSkin, director, Washington,
D. c. Please inclose stamp for reply.
@. What percentage OF men In the
present draft were rejected on account
Of insufficient education?-E. c.
A. OF the total number of men ex.
amined for selective service, per cent
were rejected because they did not have
the equivalent of fourth-grade educa-
ton.
@. How far does phonograph needle
travel when playing an ordinary II.
inch record?-E. S.
A. The distance of groove in the av-
erage 12-inch phonograph record is 73o
feet.
@. What is the origin of "ashes to
ashes. dust to dust?"-S. D. L.
A. The phrase, Earth TO earth, ashes
to ashes, dust to dust" is derived from
the Book of Common Prayer used by
the Episcopal Church.
@. Where is the most northern town
in the United States?-H G. S.
A. The Geological Survey says that the
northernmost town in the United States
is Penasse, MINI.
O. What is the record height for q
balloon ascension?-B. L.
A. The international altitude record
for free balloons is 70 1894 795 feet. 1t was
made by Capt Orvil Anderson and Capt.
Albert Stevens near White Lake, S. Oak,
on November II, 1885.
Q. What is meant by "crusted port"?-
]. S. H.
A. When argol a crude variety OF
cream of tartar, forms a crust in the
interior of wine-vats and bottles,
the term crusted port is applied to the
wine.
Evening star., 1941-11-06

Fifty-seven more Frenchmen have
just been deprived of their nation
ality" by vichy for non-co-operation
with the Axis. This proves that an
honor can be disguised as a punish
nent.
Evening star., 1941-11-06
Thinks Sales Tax
Would Be ''Fairer."
To the Editor Of The Star:

VUuAu DC SAlCf.
To the Editor oi The Star:
Secretary Morgenthau seems not to
know that a great many Of us who pay
social security taxes have no extra
money" to spend. We still are trying to
stretch the 1910, and even 1894, pay en-
velopes over the increased 1941 cost Of
living.
1t seems to me that a general sales
tax, exempting food, would be a much
fairer way to raise more money for de-
Tense.
The old argument that sales tax hits
the little fellow hardest does not hold
here, for certainly the little fellow Is
hardest hit by an increased social Sc
curity tax. And the chances that he
ever will benefit by future payments from
q social security fund are remote, con-
sidering the present administration S
fiscal policies.
OF course, the real argument against
q sales tax is that it would hit Congress-
men and other Government oficials too.
EDNA TEUN1S.
Evening star., 1941-11-06

Bureau or the Congress The board was
very grateful for the visit of Mrs. Roose-
welt and her calling to the attention Of
the public the situation there existing.
We trust that it will bear fruit in the
new hospital for chronics and the i'm
mediate repairs recommended by the
board in its report to the Commissioners
The board has no apology to make for its
realistic approach to this subject.
FREDERICK w. McREYNOLDS.
Chairman, Board of Public Welfare.
Discusses Labor Union Racket"
And Need to "Clean House."
To the Editor of The Star:
The letter written by Lewis Clark in
The Star of October 80 expresses the
viewpoint of millions of Americans.
Most of my long life has been spent
in rural sections of this country where
SO my knowledge of such matters comes
from what see in the papers"
But from my post on the sidelines
it seems to me that unionism has de-
veloped into the greatest racket in our
history. A few labor leaders exploit the
laboring men. exacting large sums Of
money from them through initiation fees
and dues. denying free men the right to
work unless they pay them, and foment-
ing class consciousness by ranting
against the money class"
While the capitalists also are to be
condemned for many of their unfair
practices. labor cannot reform them by
robbing them Of portion Of their Illicit
profits through higher wages. The en-
ployers simply pass the extra cost to the
public, which makes a higher cost of
living for all of us-including labor.
willingly pay my taxes for defense
purposes, but do object to paying $4,000
extra for a $500 house. Also other
millions of dollars exacted from us by
various union activities. And especially
do object to so much stoppage of de-
tense work.
Unions have been good thing for the
working class and still could be-but
they must clean house.
F. A. WILCOX.
Evening star., 1941-11-06
Lettes to the Editor

Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address of
the 11riter, although the use OF
q pseudonym for publication is
permissible. The Star reSerUes
the right to edit all letters Nth
q UieD to condensation.
Evening star., 1941-11-06

Flags Of the United States-In-
cludes flag facts for all Americans
rules to be observed in showing
1t formal respect and honor, how
properly to display it on various
occasions-in short, it will set you
right on all matters pertaining to
the American flag. Also contains
information on the subject of
State flags. Elaborately done in
true colors To secure your copy
inclose 20 cents in coin, wrapped in
this clipping. and mail to The
Star Information Bureau.
Name
Address
Evening star., 1941-11-06

A New York magazine writer re-
Gently beat bunch of professional
poultrymen at plucking a chicken.
Perhaps he could sing the intermin-
able verses Of "Alouette" faster than
they.
Evening star., 1941-11-06

New tests are continually being
devised for war pilots. In the old
days there was only one very simple
one: If he could land plane and
walk away afterWard. be Qualified.
Evening star., 1941-11-06

tom Of large, graSs-covered mound. 1t
was a structure about % feet square in
the interior, built of stone and wood, and
oriented roughly with the points of the
compass. There was a wide stone bench
around the four sides, and remains Of q
timber superstructure containing sepa-
rate compartments along its walls. The
roof long since had collapsed violently,
1t appeared, since stones which had been
used to hold down its mat or reed cover
ing were broken by the impact Of their
fall.
For some reason, Settler and Jennings
found, this temple had been completely
covered with earth, thus constituting q
small mound about seven feet high and
go feet in diameter. Then the mound
and surrounding village area we're COW
cred with a layer of white sand from
one to six inches thick It was like .
shroud placed over dead temple and
town.
Later another people came on the
scene. They proceeded to use the small
mound in which the ancient temple was
buried as the core of much larger and
higher mound upon the top Of which
they built temples Of their own. These
edifices may have been standing at the
time of De Soto.
This large mound, it is shown by the
earth strata, was built in two stages,
perhaps with considerable interval be-
tween them. Near the top are two hard,
burned-clay floors which presumably
were the floors of the religious struc-
lures: There were two log stairways to
the summit. During the course Of con.
struction six bodies were placed in the
mound-possibly religious sacrifices.