davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1941-05-22
Report Germon-Inspired
Propaganda, Hull Says

Secretary of State Hull today de-
scribed reports from France con-
corning prospects of an American
attack on Martinique as German
inspired propaganda aimed at Gre
ating an entirely erroneous impress
sion.
The Secretary gave at the same
time an implied assurance that Mar
Unique had no reason to fear any
imminent United States action
against it.
His comments were made at his
press conference in response to ques-
tlons about reports in German-oc-
cupied Paris that the French Carib-
bean island of Martinique had re-
(See MARTINIQUE, Page A-4)
Evening star., 1941-05-22
Hess BoiIed Out During Chase
ByR. AT. Plane, Commons Told
Air Chief Says Hamilton Had Never Met
Deputy Fuehrer Before Landing in Scotland

prisoner of war, the Air Ministry
said.
He declared that Hamilton, 80
year-old sporting duke" did not
even recognize the prisoner when
he faced him after obtaining leave
from his r. A. F. station.
This statement further heightened
the mystery of Hess coming. One
of the German versions of the affair
was that Hess hoped to make con-
tact with Hamilton to further a
hallucinatory peace plan.
There were reports following this
that Hamilton had met Hess before
the war on trips to Germany,
notably the Olympic games in 1886
There had been British reports
that Hess was in correspondence
with Hamilton before the flight to
Scotland. Sinclair denied this.
When Deputy Fuehrer Hess came
down with an airplane in Scotland
on May 10 he gave false name and
asked to see the Duke of Hamilton, :"
the air secretary said.
The Duke of Hamilton. being ap-
(See HESS, Page A-3)
Evening star., 1941-05-22
Biggest R. A. F. Drive
Opened on German
Centers in Libya
5000 More Italians Taken
In Southern Ethiopio,
British Announce
BY EDWARD KENNEDY,

WITH BRITISH DESER
FORCES IN NORTH AFRICA, May
22.-The Royal Air Force has un-
looSed its most intensive effort of
the desert war so far against Ger
man concentrations and transport
columns in Libya
In the past 80 hours, the British
say, eight German planes have
been destroyed-fve on the ground
and three in the air-and an am
munition dump and gasoline
dump have been exploded.
As flight after flight of British
bombers showered missiles through
the day and night. R. A. F. fighter
planes skinned over the roads
and desert trails sending thousands
of incendiary bullets into Axis We
hicles.
German aviation in the desert is
described by the British as remain
ing strangely inactive. Among steps
to counter the British air offensive,
however, the Nazis are said to have
stationed tanks at regular inter-
walls along the roads and trails to
shoot at low-fying, strafing Brit
ish planes.
The main target of British air
attacks has been a concentration in
the Capuzzo-Bardi area, just
across the Libyan frontier from
Egypt, which is said to be made
up of about 1000 vehicles.
Supply transportation to this con-
centration, however, is regarded as
only normal. and the British say
there is nothing to indicate that
the Nazis plan an imminent often
sive.
The only land action of the past
(See AFRICA, Page A-3)
Evening star., 1941-05-22

In low from the north and on
approaching the island were set
adrlft. They were in line for
nation about 10 to each towing
plane. On landing on the water
they had some sort of power to
propel them right up to the
shore. Some were sunk by ma
chine gun fire from the beach.
On landing, these troops, who
wore German uniforms, scattered
into the woods and, although
armed, nothing was heard of
them for some time. 1t seems to
be the technique of parachutists
and glider troops to lie quiet for
some time after landing, either to
get their breath and survey their
positions or to await orders.
Field Marshal Goering appar-
emily has not switched any of his
air force from the Mediterranean
to the English front. He took
some planes from the English
front for the war in Greece, OBJ
viously. He has still got them
there. At least 100 transport
planes alone have been over
Crete. These are operating from
Greek airdromes.
The fine weather has been kind
to the Germans. Cloud forma-
tionS and white hiding patches
in an otherwise blue sky have
made things fairly easy for the
SwarmS OF b0mbers. Anti-air-
craft units on the island have
had more experience in one week
of intensive bombing than most
aCk-aCk gunners have had in
six months British bombers op-
Grating from nearby bases can
bomb the Germans. Do not get
the idea this Is an Isolated little
Evening star., 1941-05-22
British Warn French
OF Attack if They
Assist Germans
Eden Statement Taken q.
Threat Of UndecIured
War on Former Ally
By the Associated Press.

by tDe Associated PreSS.
LONDON, May 22.-Foreign Sec
retary Anthony Eden warned the
Vichy government today that Britain
will strike the enemy wherever he
may be found and some qualified
sources Immediately took that to
mean an ''undeclared state of war
against France
Even though members pressed
him. however, Mr.. Eden scrupulously
avoided further Interpretation of his
statement to the House of Commons.
The Foreign Secretary charged
that the Vichy government had
embarked on a course which must
place the resources and territories of
France increasingly at the disposal"
of Germany. If France pursues her
declared policy of collaboration, -
British blows will fall without any
distinction between occupied and
unoccupied territory" he declared
The British government is conf
dent, Mr.. Eden said, that the French
people themselves look upon this
pOlASy dS OIllpdllDlc WIFI IlOllOl /.
Signs of Hostility.
Three signs pointed to the possible
imminence of open hostilities be-
tween the Allies of less than one
year ago.
/. Forces of Gen. Charles de
Gaulle, still fighting on the British
side, were reported unoffcially to
have crossed from British-mandated
Palestine into French inundated
Syria, where the Germans already
have established a foothold. CThese
reports could not be confirmedD
2. Reports to Vichy from German
occupied Paris said the French had
ordered preparations for defense of
the Caribbean island of Martinique
against American attack.
3. British naval patrols in the
Atlantic have intercepted the French
tanker Sheherazade with a cargo of
United States oil for French North
Africa. it was announced officially,
because of the actions of the Vichy
government.
Pointing out that President Roose-
(See FRENCH, Page A-4
Evening star., 1941-05-22
Secretary Stimson
Again Urges Repeal
OF Neutrality Act
Reiterotion Of Position,
Long Held, Follows Same
Appeal by Knox
BY NELSON NJ. SHEPARD.

Repeal of the Neutrality Act and
maintenance of the traditional pol
icy of freedom of the seas" for
American merchant ships was ad-
vocated today by Secretary of War
StimSon as an answer to the
question of delivering war NUM-
tions to Great Britain.
His reiteration of views he is
known to have held for a long
time had added significance, since
it followed closely a statement by
Secretary of the Navy Knox, who
yesterday said he favored repeal of
the Neutrality Act. The Secretary
of War stressed today that he was
speaking as an individual rather
than as an official.
Mr.. Stimson made no direct ref
erence to conveying, his position
having been made clear in a re-
cent radio address, in which he
was the first cabinet officer to urge
use of the American Navy to safe
guard the delivery of war materials
across the seas. He did not use
the word convoy"
The issue arose again at a press
conference when the Secretary was
asked if he favored now the repeal
of the Neutrality Act. His reply was
immediate.
Recalls Prophesy of Trouble"
He declared he had always believed
in repeal of the Neutrality Act and
had been on record, as a private
citizen, in a speech he had made
before the Intitute of International
Law.
Il have always considered 1t a
violation of one of our most sacred
and important traditions-freedom
of the seas" he said. Also, I have
always prophesied it would bring us
into trouble to give in to our fears
in this matter"
Asked if he regarded repeal of
the act or a redeclaration of the
freedom of the seas" policy as an
answer to the question of delivering
goods, Mr.. Stimson replied, Il GER
tainly do think it will have to be
very carefully considered as one of
the answers to delivering these
goods"
Mr.. Stimson. who was an artillery
officer in the World War, described
O. e1r% ECONT
Evening star., 1941-05-22
Seopone Gders 10 in Line Towed by FourEngned P|ones
Used by Germans in Fo|owup Of First Attack on Crete

fighting was spasmodic and
neither side knew where it stood.
Later on Tuesday the Suda Bay
fight solidif1ed in a battle be-
tween the sea and the road
stretching toward Canea. This
is the place where I slept peace
fully in an olive grove after be-
ing evacuated from Greece. 1t
is backed by mountains and sup
ported by the sea.
Later landings from gliders
towed by Junkers planes were
made along a fiat stretch at
Serakleion and Refine. These
we're troops fully armed, every
man having submachine gun or
a heavier gun. Possibly there
were some mortars in the bigger
gliders. The Nazi troops aban-
doned the gliders, which appar-
emily acted as an indication to
later German bombers that they
marked German positions. Close
1dOlo CO-OpCI cllOII OClWCCll oCl
man ground troops and the air
was established Immediately.
This was done by portable trans
mitters and receivers which can
be carried on the shoulders of
one man.
The immediate German aim
on the island was to occupy the
main northern towns on the
good road running from Canea
through Refine toward Herakle-
ion. Though keeping away from
this road, the Germans made
raids on the roads around Refine
and Herakleion.
Later more German troops ar
rived in seaplane gliders. These
were around Refine. Towed be-
hind 4-engined planes, they came
Evening star., 1941-05-22

battle. 1t is a tremendous eX-
pertinent by the Germans, with
their whole force being landed
from the air and isolated without
supplies. German control of the
air fields would mean they could
get more troops in by air trans
port. Experience in Greece
shows that the NaZis can land a
number of field pieces up to los
caliber. This would be serious
weapon to dislodge if established
with supplies and defended by
20 submachine guns.
Suda Bay in German hands
could be a port of entry. 1t
would be difficult for the first
Germans to get into Suda Bays
long, narrow entrance, but not
impossible. The Dodecanese, in
Italian hands, being so near are
a sore spot over the eastern end
of Crete, which has been COM
paratively quiet, though con-
tinuously bombed.
Nothing can be said of the
Greek Army strength on the
island. I saw plenty of evacuated
Greeks wandering around the
island when I was there, but they
were incompletely equipped then.
They have had three weeks to get
established, but that is not q
long time to equip a whole army.
A few days should indicate how
this battle is going to end. 1t is
bitter while it lasts, new and dar-
ingly unorthodox, despite the
similar methods used by the Ger
mans in other countries. 1t is
for an important island and not
just another outpost. The result
may affect the course of the whole
war IN the Near East. -
Evening star., 1941-05-22
By JAMES ALDRIDGE,

al SUIIcSpUuucIlI VI 1Hc oldl anu
N. A. N. A.
CAIRO. May % by wireless -
Information received by wireless
from British military commanders
in Crete contains interesting de-
tails about the tactics used by
the Germans in the biggest air.
borne war movement they have
yet made.
The first batch of Germans, in
New Zealand uniforms, landed
before dawn Tuesday from more
than a hundred low-fying junk
ers and Focke-Wolf four engine
aircraft.
Choosing the four flattest
stretches which had been used by
the British as air fields, the
initial parachute troops landed
from 400 feet. British planes had
left the island the day before.
There were about 500 in the
first batch of parachutists. They
used the same tactics as in Hol-
land. France and Greece. On
landing, the troops lay low for
some time and then apparently
worked toward their supply para
chutes, where they got their
tommy guns, machine guns and
ammunition.
Individual parachutes were dis
tinctly marked and the men wore
some sort of distinguishing mark
themselves. These were appar-
emily the leaders. Some wore
German infantry uniforms with
steel helmets.
The first landings were around
Canea and Suda Bay, after these
places had been subjected to
fierce dive bombing. At first the
Evening star., 1941-05-22
BY the Associated Press.

LONDON, May 22-Rudolf Hess,
the runaway deputy fuehrer of Nazi
Germany, bailed out of his Messer-
schmitt May 10 after hot pursuit by
an R. A. F. Defiant fighting plane,
Air Secretary Sir Archibald Sinclair
told the House of Commons today.
The Sinclair statement, one of the
most revealing official statements so
far in the Hess case, thus contained
a possible explanation of the bullet
holes which the British found in the
tail of Hess wrecked Messerschmitt.
The British Defiant was hot on
the trail of the Messerschmitt, fol-
lowing 1t in the darkness, when Hess
bailed out, Sinclair said. He did not
say, however, whether the Defiant
fired on the Messerschmitt.
The Duke of Hamilton, premier
Scottish peer and R. A. F. squadron
leader, for whom Hess is said to
have asked when he was picked up
injured from his parachute jump,
never met the Deputy Fueher before
the night he confronted Hess as
Evening star., 1941-05-22
1912 Wheat Acreage Cut
To Minimum by Wickard
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
Secretary of Agriculture Wickard
today established a national wheat
planting allotment of $1,000, 900 acres
for the 1912 crop. This was re-
duction of 100000 acres from the
1941 allotment.
The Secretary said a reduction in
production was necessary because
of a mounting surplus and loss of
export markets.
The $4,000 OO0-acre allotment is
the minimum allowed by crop con-
troll legislation.
1t will be apportioned among
growers on the basis of a formula
set up by law.
Evening star., 1941-05-22
Navy Takes Action
In Attempts 10 Halt
5hipyards Strike
40 Vehicles Modified
To Take 800 Workers
Into Two Plants
b the Associated Press.

OAKLAND, Calf, May 22.-The
Navy took over today in an attempt
to reopen strikebound shipyards on
San Francisco Bay.
More than 40 Navy and Marine
Corps vehicles were mobilized at the
Labor Temple and carried some 300
shipyard workers to the Moore Dry
dock plant and others to the Gen
eral Engineering Shipyard.
In Washington the Senate De-
fense Investigating Committee
set hearing for tomorrow on the
West Coast shipbuilding tie-up.
which Chairman Truman said
was ito find out what is involved
in the strike, why it has not been
settled, and who is responsible
for the country not getting ships"
Senator Truman said witnesses
would include representatives of
the involved San Francisco
unions. a spokesman for Beth
lehem Steel, probably Vice Presi-
dent A B Homer. Admiral Emory
S. Land, chairman of the Mari
time Commission, and others,
possibly including John P. Frey,
head of the A. F. L. Metal Work
ers' Union)
A. F. L. and c. I. o. machinists
closed II shipyards Is days ago. The
yards held a half billion dollars
worth of defense contracts.
Crossed Picket Lines.
There was no certainty whether
any machinists were escorted into
plants today. Yesterday groups of
A F. L. shipyard workers-not ma
chinists, crossed picket lines.
All 1,700 machiniStS are on strike
and approximately 10000 others are
idle because of the situation.
Admiral John Greenslade. COM
mandant of the 18th Naval District
visited the Moore plant today before
the Workmen were brought in. He
was not in uniform.
Later. Capt. w. P. Gaddis, opera
tions officer for the 18th District
appeared and directed the convoy of
trucks which assembled at the Labor
Temple.
Mr.. Frey headed the men on the
back-to-Work move.
Enlisted Men Bore No Arms.
The only Navy enlisted men ano
marines on hand were those who
drove the trucks. buses and station
wagons. Capt. Gaddis said none OF
them bore sidearms.
The only city police at the scene
headed the parade to the shipyards
in a traffic sound car.
Evening star., 1941-05-22
Two-Gun Bandit Robs
Texas Bank Of $4,000
nc the Aesoc,stad prsSS

By the Associated Press.
LEVELLAND, Tex, May 22-The
First National Bank of Levelland
was robbed of $4,000 today by a
tWo-gun man who locked 10 en-
ployes in the vault. He forced an
employe TO open large safe.
Three minutes later the bandit
fed.
Levelland is in Hockey County,
Is miles west of Lubbock.
Evening star., 1941-05-22
British Start MOVING
Gibraltar Civilians

BY the Associated Press.
LA LINEA, Spain. May 22.-En-
forced removal of British civilian
subjects and foreigners from Gibral-
tar began this afternoon when
about 800 persons boarded 6, liner
and were escorted away by cruiser,
two destroyers and two submarines.
Evening star., 1941-05-22
Tax Suspension Asked
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
MANILA, May 22-The National
Assembly early today approved by
an overwhelming majority a reso-
luton seeking indefinite suspension
of the export taxes quota provisions
of the Philippine independence Act.
Evening star., 1941-05-22
Smith Says Congress
Should Act on Need
OF Potomac Tunnel
Virginia House Member
Describes Traffic
Condition as Acute
By ]. A. OIEARY,

The traffic situation in and around
Washington has become so acute
Congress should pass on the need
for a tunnel under the Potomac
River without creating a commits
sion to study the question, Repre-
sentative Howard Smith, Democrat,
of Virginia told a House committee
today.
Although his bill, which came be-
fore the Public Buildings and
Grounds Committee this morning
goes no further than 10 set up
board to make preliminary surveys
Mr.. Smith said so many things have
happened since he introduced the
bill TO swell the traffic load that
this committee itself may we'll de-
termine the desirability of the
project"
Since the bill was introduced,
Washington has become a very
crowded city" Mr. Smith said. The
area across the river has become
virtually part Of the Capital The
new airport has been finished"
Situation Declared Serious.
From the national defense stand
point, the traffic situation in crossing
the river is becoming serious, Mr.
Smith testified
Capt. H. c. Whitehurst. District
highway engineer said, additional
facilities across the river could
properly be classified as a defense
need.
Under questioning by committee
members, he said the District Gov
eminent is decidedly not able to
finance such project at this time.
He recommended that the entire
proposal be carefully surveyed, as
to locations, type of facility and
methods of financing. The S25 900
authorized in the bill for the survey
should be $4,000, he suggested.
Tunnel Held Preferable.
Capt. Whitehurst whose recent
p4 p4CA1IlllIId4S SluON VI O4SlI III ii dIIlC
needs included recommendation for
a tunnel under the river between
Alexandria and Blue Plains, testi-
ed that flying conditions make a
tunnel preferable across the lower
Potomac.
When Representative Harris,
Democrat. of Virginia asked if a
tunnel also would be safer from
a defense standpoint than another
bridge, if Washington should be
attacked, Capt. Whitehurst said
that is a debatable question.
I'm not an expert, but there are
those who say yes and those who
say no he replied. He explained
some experts contend the tunnel is
an easier target for bombing planes.
because it can be spotted by the
(See HIGHWAYS, Page ABB
Evening star., 1941-05-22
Mexico Rounds Up Aliens

MEXICO CITY. May % LP).-A
roundup of all foreigners in Mexico
without proper credentials has been
ordered by the Ministry of Interior.
Several persons were seized yes
terday.
Evening star., 1941-05-22

CHUNGKING, China, May %
LP.-Clarence E. Gauss, new United
States Ambassador to China, ar
rived early this morning in Chung
king from Hong Kong.
Evening star., 1941-05-22
A. P. N. Appeal
For Picket Fund
Barred at Probe
Cost of Line Setup
At White House Put
At $500 q Day
BACKGROUND

oHO II UNOO " d
Dies Committee began tnUeStt-
cation OF un-AmerlCdn or sub
rerStue activities nearly three
years ago, has conducted erten-
SITE hearings and secret probes
here and in cities throughout
country. With threatened WGr,
its findings on alleged operations
OF Nazi, Communist and Fascist
followers hare attracted more
widespread attention.
Evening star., 1941-05-22
Nazis Get7wo Footho|ds in Crete;
Martinique Reported Warned by
France to Prepare to Repu|se U.S..
British Fighters
Are Withdrawn
From Crete

BACKGROUND
Fighting broke out in Crete
Tuesday as Germans began land
ing troops By plane and glider.
First attacks Uere repulSed by
defending Allies, British re-
ported, but admissions came yeS-
terday that the Germans tuere
establishing themselves at a te1U
points on the island. British feet
reported to hare entered the bat
tie yesterday.
Evening star., 1941-05-22
Roosevelt Attacked,

The highest weekly Grineoire
published in German-occupied Paris.
devoted half its front page to an
attack on President Roosevelt and
the United States.
A front-page cartoon showed a
caricature Of Mr.. Roosevelt sprawl
ing on the deck of the French liner
Normandie in New York harbor with
the caption, Lafayette. 1 am here. ~
A hree-column article headed
Where Is Mister Roosevelt Going?"
declared American "meanness" was
an echo of the ''insolent declaration
of President Roosevelt"
The newspaper apparently refer
red to the Presidents message Nav
IS appealing directly to the French
people not to deliver their country
to Germany.
Evening star., 1941-05-22
Summary Of Todoy's Star

Page. Page.
AmuSe- Obituary ALA
ments Cts Radio Clio
Comics --C-10-11 Serial Story CA
Editorials --A-10 Society ------B-3
Finance Alb Sports ----C-1-4
Legal Notices C-S Woman's
Lost, Found -C-6 Page ---B-18
Foreign
Nazis ask nations to shut diplomatic
offices in Paris. Page AS
National.
Iraqi planes blast trans-Jordan air.
port, Nazi radio says. Page Al
Henderson price fixing powers chal-
lenged by Smith. Page AS
Guard persuades convicts to give up
Alcatraz escape try. Page Al
Hunter proposes sharp w. P. A. cuts
in House testimony. Page BIZ
Washington and Vicinity.
Congress asked to act on Potomac
River tunnel. Page Al
D. C. draft boards adopt a liberal
married man policy. Page Az
Plans being made for new draft
registration in June. Page Az
1t. Comdr. Ernest w. Eickelberg's
funeral tomorrow. Page A-12
Evening star., 1941-05-22
Island Ordered
To Prepare for
American Attack
B! the Associated Press.

B! the Associated Press.
VICHY, Unoccupied France,
May 22.-Reports given pub
licity in German occupied Paris
said today that defense forces in
the French Caribbean island of
Martinique had received orders
to prepare for an American at
tack.
The newspaper LIE Matin, pub
lished in Paris. said yesterday that
defense of Martinique would be CEN
tered around the fortress holding
gold reserves of the Bank of France
and that its defenders would blow
up the stronghold as a last resort.
Martinique defense works are be-
ing strengthened, the newspaper
said
In Washington, Secretary Hull
gave implied assurance that
Martinique had no reason to fear
imminent United States action
against it and described French
reports that an American attack
is in prospect as German inspired
propaganda
Plane Carrier to Stay.
Advices were said to have reached
Paris from the island capital. Fort
de France, quoting the French naval
command in the Caribbean as de-
clarlng that the aircraft carrier
Bearn and the cruiser Emile Bertin
would remain in the Antilles.
Any movements of these ships
simply are maneuvers. the COM
mandlng admiral was reported to
have said, and no ARRANGEMENTS
have been made for them TO leave.
Both Warships recently have en-
gagged in maneuvers, ostensibly to
keep up the morale of the crews)
The Paris press said British war
ships were maintaining a patrol off
Martinique.
CThe Rome radio, heard in New
York last night, said the French
government, in ordering Martin
lque authorities to defend the
island at all costs, had instructed
them to remove the gold to a
safer place or blow it up if nee
essaryD
Roosevelt Attacked.
The highest weekly Gringoire
published in German-occupied Paris.
devoted half its front page to an
attack on President Roosevelt and
the United States
Evening star., 1941-05-22
Gouss in Chunqkinq

(See STIMSON, Page A-40