davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1941-10-30
Army Ski-Troining
Plans Can Proceed
py the Associate ted Press.


BOISE, Idaho, Oct. 30-The Army
can go ahead with plans for a ski
training camp at Henrys Lake, one
OF the States best fishing and rec
reational centers.
The fish and game commission
which asked the Army to look for
another site, decided to retract It's
resolution.
1T was adopted under a misun-
derstanding" explained Secretary
George w. Grebe after Gov Chase
A. Clark, who has been telling the
Army of the districts advantages,
returned to the capital from busi-
ness trip.
Evening star., 1941-10-30
Defendant at Spy Trial
Praises F. B. |. Treatment
BY tfe Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, Oct. 3O.-A sober,
bespectacled steamship steward, / of
Is men on trial charged with espion-
age conspiracy, yesterday praised
F. B. 1. agents for having treated
him courteously when they arrested
him on June %.
The defendant is Henry Eilers, Al,
German-born and naturalized in
1892. Counsel for Eilers, who worked
for years as dining room and library
steward on United States Lines ships,
read a statement he had made to
the F. B. l.; and, sentence by sem
tence, Eilers affirmed the context
and added to its detail.
Edmund Wilson, Eilers' attorney,
asked him about F. B. I. treatment
at the time of his arrest. The de-
fendant said agents had been So
fictitious about his welfare and. in
general, treated me very cour-
teously."
Mrs. Johanna Heine, wife of an
other defendant, Edmund Heine,
former Ford company executive in
Germany, earlier said on cross Sex
animation that F. B. l. agents who
arrested her husband and searched
her home were very gentleman
like"
Evening star., 1941-10-30
C.. @. Head Breaks
Silence on Strike
In Captive Mines
Sees No Moral Reason
For Steel Operators
Refusal Of Union Shop

BY the Associated Press.
PITTSBURGH, Oct. 30.-Philip
Murray, c. I, o. president, in his
first statement on the captive"
mine controversy, declared last night
there lis no moral reason" for re-
fusal of steel companies to agree to
a union shop in their mines.
Mr.. Murray also is chairman Of
the Steel Workers Organizing Com
mittee and vice president of the
United Mine Workers. which union
pays all of his salary.
His position has been watched
closely because the steel companies,
in refusing to accept the union
shop, have argued the C. I. O. might
use such a contract to squeeze" a
similar one in steel mills. A shut
down of coal mines would quickly
cause a shutdown of the mills.
Blocked Truce Agreement.
Informed sources say the opera
tors even have broached the subject
of a truce agreement on the union
shop issue in steel for the duration
of the national emergency period,
with the reaching Of an understand
ing in coal.
Mr.. Murray did not mention the
steel angle in his statement. nor did
he refer directly to John L. Lewis,
who was reported to have received
the truce proposal coldly, saying:
What is a virtue in one industry
should be virtue also in another"
Sees No Justification.
Mr.. Murray said:
The cloak of national defense
used by the large (steeD corpora
tions to escape responsibility. is no
Justification for their refusal to
accept the provisions Of the Appa-
lachian agreement.
1T was my conviction when the
Evening star., 1941-10-30
Room of Arius' Friend
Roided, Papers Seized
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
HAVANA, Oct. 30-Police yeSter Z
day raided the room of Anita Mar
tinez de la Vega, 4 friend of the
ousted Panamanian President, DR..
Arnulfo Arias. They seized docu-
ments and correspondence in va
rious languages and European mill
tary insignia.
They said they also found photo
graphs showing Arias with indi-
viduals believed to be members of
the Spanish Falangist party. No
arrests were made.
Anita Martinez de la Vega was
identified as the Cuban woman who
obtained guest privileges recently
for Arias at the Havana Country
Club. The Nazi-minded AriaS was
overthrown while on q visit here.
Guest privileges at the country
club were withdrawn.
Evening star., 1941-10-30
BiddIe Is Given Seventh
Diplomatic Assignment
Ry the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press
Anthony j. Drexel Biddle, jr.. OF
Philadelphia was given his seventh
concurrent diplomatic assignment
today when President Roosevelt
nominated him to be Minister TO
the exiled government of Greece In
London.
Mr.. Biddle already is serving as
Ambassador to the refugee govern
ments of Poland and Belgium and
as Minister to the exiled govern
ments of Norway, the Netherlands.
Yugoslavia and ho-Slovakia, all
in London.
Evening star., 1941-10-30

CLOSING DAYS Of this Washington
"foned-for-volue" event. Still q erond
selection of potterns, colors, models in
YOUR size. Still Z doys left to toke
advantage Of the savings on these
quality and trouser suits, topooots
and overcoots Every one unrepIooe-
obIe in todoy's clothing market at
anywhere near these prices And on
other odvontoee-Books Closed .
you needn't poy until December if you
open or use your convenient Raleigh
Charge Account.
Evening star., 1941-12-07
HOLIDAY SEASON?
Not TO Uncle Sans post office, where Christmas
means heavy work with 800 900 pieces Of mail
pouring in every minute for IA long days
by Theodore Pratt

RQoUR thousand years ago there was
y no Christmas and therefore no
Christmas-mail problem. The
earliest 'postmen" ran through the
streets of Babylon bearing heavy
slabs of baked clay upon which mes
|sages we're impressed. Today, letters
aren't so bulky. but there are quite a
lfew more of them - especially during
1.-The Christmas season.
Approximately seven billion pieces
Eof mail are handled by the Post Office
Department in the two weeks before
christmas. This is quarter OF the
ltotal business done for the entire year.
Evening star., 1941-12-07

tive of those to whom he delivers
mail, and perhaps handful Of cigars.
The mailman's greatest satisfaction
is knowing that he is an essential cog
in the most extensive single business
organization in the world. To make
possible his part in handling the enor-
nous amounts of fholiday mail-which.
after all, is just one of his duties -
there is an organization which exists
not just for two weeks, but all year.
When you drop penny postcard in
the mailbox at'the corner. you set in
motion an OO-million-dollar concern.
Government-operated, it is the most
Evening star., 1941-12-07
THIS WEEK MAGAZINE

took on, and accomplished without
hitch, the job ofregistering and finger
printing the more than four million
aliens in this country. 1t also handles
good deal of the business of the Civil
Service Commission and Social Secur-
ity Board and posts their announce
ments on lobby bulletin boards.
The most amazing thing about this
vast activity is. perhaps, the fact that
it is all done on strictly cash basis.
1t is also accomplished with only one
important mechanical device - the
canceling machine, which is able to
cancel 25,O 900 letters an hour. The rest
of the work is almost all done by hand.
And there is a loss of less than Is
pieces of mail out of every million.
To look after this extensive enter
prise, the service has its own detective
force, in the form of 600 postal in
spectors. Anyone thinking of commit
ting a crime against the postal service
may think twice about it after learn
ing that of 4.945 indictments last
year, there were 4,35l convictions.
The Post Office Department is-es-
pecially at Christmastime when good
will is felt more than at any other time
of the year-one of the best express
sions of democracy that exists.
No other organization can be said to
reach 50 far into every remote corner
of the nation, or to mean so much to
both the private and business lives of
people. Joseph Holt. who was Post
master General in 1853. wrote the most
fitting tribute to the postal service.
His words are inscribed on the west
facade of the great main Post Office
Department building in Washington:
THE Post Office Department, in its
ceaseless labor, pervades every channel
of commerce and every theatre of hu-
man enterprise, and while visiting, as
it does kindly. every fireside, mingles
with the throbbings of almost every
human heart in the land. In the ampli-
tude of its benefcence. it ministers to
all climes and creeds and pursuits with
the same eager readiness and with
equal fullness of fidelity. 1t is the deli
cate ear trumpet through which alike
nations and families and isolated in
dividuals whisper their joys and their
sorrows, their convictions and their
sympathies, to all who listen for their
coming"
Tk> End
Evening star., 1941-12-07

Holiday greetings and presents are
mailed at the rate of about SOC, 900 per
minute of a 24-hour day. That means
l8 million per hour and over 400 mil
Ion per day. Which is quite business
turnover in any mans language.
As much as two months before
Christmas, the traffic begins to get
really heavy. 1t rapidly becomes 50
formidable that most business organ
hations would not even try to face it.
Even such a smOoth-running ma
chine as the Post Office Department
bn't able to handle that new business
With its regular personnel. 1t does, with
0tra exertion and longer hours. take
care of much of the traffic increase -
but not all the extra 600 per cent.
IS $4,000 Wosksss Added
Ar THIS time of year it is necessary
to employ l75.OOO temporary postal
workers, making the number OF en-
ployees on the payroll more than
10000 That's why you often see
orange mailman without uniform
delivering your mail. and private trucks
md even cars bringing your packages.
When Christmas bargains are Of
\lered, the Post Office is right out there
/Gving the best. Your card for one
\cent, your greeting in a sealed enve-
ope for three cents. your present at
FEW cents a pound - all will be de-
ivered to any of lao million people.
For very little more they will be sent
10 virtually any one on earth. If ad-
dressed to specific prisoner OF war
your remembrance will be sent free of
/ charge to any country belonging to
1.-The Universal Postal Union. And most
nations do belong. The greatest mir
acle is sending, by air. a letter 1000
miles for six cents.
l 1t isn't only by speedy plane. whiz-
hing express trains and sizzling under
round compressed air tubes installed
b some cities that the Christmas mail
Des out. In the bayOus of the lower
mississippi Valley it travels by row.
boat. In remote Western sections it is
backed on the backs of mules. In the
North it rides sleigh. and in Alaska it
travels by Eskimo kayak and dogsled.
Mostly, it occupies the often weary.
but never protesting, back of the hum
bic. everyday mail carrier. His back
bone is the backbone of the postal
bervice. Without him at the receiving
end. transportation miracles would be
Virtually useless.
Out of Christmas the mailman gets.
1or the most part. a headache and tired
feet. At the end of those two hectic
weeks his shoulder is pulled down just
\ q little farther from the weight OF the
: mail he has carried. His benefits, in
Ymaterial form, are comparatively in
Y Zsgniicant. They consist of about 25
per cent extra overtime pay. few dol
lars presented by the most apprecia-
Evening star., 1941-12-07
ksyfoo

efficient that has ever been devised.
What's more, it is on paying basis.
In 1910 there was surplus of over l8
million dollars from ordinary postal
operations. because it was required to
do 60 million dollars worth of work
free - such as government franking
of mail and sending Braille books for
the blind-there was false operating
deficit of AZ milIion.)
Other businesses can 60 in for i'm
pressive statistics, but none can equal
those of the postal service. To make
sure that your Christmas mail will be
delivered at bargain rates, there are
A, 900 separate Offices or distribution
units These range from beautiful. tow
ering, marble post Offices to the humble
counter in remote country store.
Fourteen million mail sacks are used
to transport the mails between these.
If you have ever seen one of those
sacks, perhaps you've noticed the
stripes on it. If you counted them. you
would find there are 13 - one for each
of the original states.
To tie letters together in bundles so
that they may be more easily handled
while en- route, over million miles of
twine are used annually - enough to
circle the earth at the equator nearly
so times. All the mail handled weighs
six billion pounds. Four hundred mil
lion pieces of it are now air mail.
Millions Of Decd Letters
Twenty billion stamps are sold every
year. This doesn't count metered mail
or that handled by bulk without using
actual stamps. Thirteen million dead
letters, without deliverable - or re-
turnable - addresses on them, are de-
stroyed annually. But, first. the aver
age of $1OO.O 900 found in them is re-
tained by the Post Office.
In roundup of statistics, you find
unexpected things. Among such items
are 10 million dollars worth of gasO-
line for delivery trucks, 81 900 worth
of mucilage. $4,000 worth of soap.
500 lawn mowers to cut post-ofiice
lawns, and 100000 tons of coal for
heating purposes. And. no matter what
you may think of the quality of the
pen points furnished in post Offices,
FIVE million are bought each year.
1t isn't possible to store in any one
place the actual accounts of this
business. So they are recorded on
microfilm - nearly three million tiny
photographs are made annually.
Delivering letters is not by any
means the sole function of the postal
service 1t operates one of the largest
banking concerns in the world. Postal
Savings last year had deposits of a bill
lion and a quarter dollars. Nearly a
billion more of United States Bonds
are sold annually over post-office
counters. The postal service last year
Evening star., 1941-12-07
Listerine- Quick!

killing literally millions of sec
ondary invaders" on mouth and
throat surfaces :. the very type
of germs that so many authorities
regard as responsible for so manyo of
those mean. troublesome aspects of
cold. They breed in large numbers
in the mouth and throat. When
resistance is lowered by wet feet.
drafts. fatigue-they may invade
the tissues and set up infection.
Try keeping these invaders un-
der control with Listerine Anti
septic before they get the upper
hand. At the first sign of trouble
gargle quick and often. Lambert
Pharmacal Co.. 81. Louis. Mo.
Evening star., 1941-12-07

Listerine may head off a
cold before it gets serious
This wonderful precaution is
worth remembering the next time
you have the sniffles or feel achy.
In clinical tests made during 10
years of research. regular twice-a-
day Listerine Antiseptic users had
fewer colds. milder colds. colds of
shorter duration and also fewer sore
throats due to colds than non-users.
This impressive record is ex-
planned. we believe. by Listerines
amazing killing power.
The moment you gargle. it starts
Evening star., 1941-10-10
Fox Will Be Sentenced;
Davis, Kaufman Trials OFF
By the Associated Press.

The Justice Department an
nounced today that william Fox.
time powerful movie magnate,
will be called for sentencing on
charges of conspiracy to obstruct
Justice and defraud the United
States, but named no date.
Fox, a resident of Atlantic City,
pleaded guilty to the charges after
being named at Philadelphia in
Federal court indictment along with
j. Warren Davis, retired judge of
the United States Circuit Court of
Appeals, and Morgan S. kaufman
of Scranton, former bankruptcy
referee.
Attorney General Biddle an
nounced yesterday that the Govern
ment will not seek third trial for
Judge Davis and Kaufman. Juries
disagreed in each of two trials
earlier this year.
Fox was a prominent witness for
the prosecution at the two trials.
Evening star., 1941-10-10
BY DEWITT MACKENZIE.

A fresh surge of Nad attacks
today has thrust the Russian line
back at several points along the
bitterly contested front opposite
Moscow, but whether this has
produced any vital change in the
position isn't yet evident from
the meager advices at hand.
In the far south, too, the Ger
mans are reported to be forging
ahead along the shore of the Sea
of Azov toward the gateway to
the Caucasus.
The Reds are defending their
positions f1ercely. Moscow de-
clares the Nazi gains are being
made "over mountains of Ger
man corpses" This is gruesome,
but not surprising, for the Ger
man high command always has
depended largely on the weight of
massed attack for results, and I
myself saw many similar sacri-
fees OF life in the World War.
Grim danger continues to press
heavily on the Russian fighting
lines. From the Allied stand
point, however, the fact that in.
the crucial central sector the
Reds seem to be resisting so
strongly Is in itself a hopeful sign,
though it naturally isn't conclu-
slve. Every hour that the Boil
shevists can continue to hold the
Hitlerian avalanche is a golden
one for the defense, since the
fury of the great German drive
probably has reached its peak.
That battle along the bloody
highway to the capital is one of
the most amazing conflicts of
history. The German soldiers
youths who have been trained to
the fine edge of athletes-are
f1inging themselves into the pit
OF death with that courage which
always has characterized the
race. The perfection of the in
vading war machine is amazing.
Civilians Also Fighting.
Even more amazing is the fact
that it can be stopped. And the
manner of its present holding is
an epic, for we find civilians now
fighting side by side with their
soldiers in defense of country and
the soil they love.
The Germans assert that the
Russian war is virtually over
that the Reds already are
crushed. 1t may be, indeed, that
the Muscovites have been so
weakened that they are on the
verge of collapse. Only time will
demonstrate that.
do not believe, however, that
the Reds are beaten. They likely
will suffer further reverses. Mos
COW may fall, and the whole Rus
sian line may be driven back even
behind the mighty defenses of the
Ural Mountain chain.
But the only thing that can
Evening star., 1941-10-10
Russian Morale Holds
Continued Resistance BoIsters Hope Reds
Can Survive Even More Reverses

knock them clear out OF the war,
as this column has emphasized
before, is collapse OF morale. It
would be difficult to flnd any
signs Of weakening morale in q
Red fighting front in which
civilians-humble folk who know
nothing Of the art OF war and
never have been far from the
little farms where they were born
are facing death-dealing ter
rors which are hard even for the
professional soldier to face.
The Russians report they are
drawing on their great reserve in
man power to ease the position
on the central front. These
troops cannot be expected to
have the weight Of the fully
trained veterans already in the
line, but they will ease the Red
situation considerably.
Millions More Left.
There are millions more where
they come from, as the Soviets
recently called up the military
class Of ls22-1s-year-olds-for
military service. At the same
time there was inaugurated the
universal compulsory military
training program which con-
templates the largest peoples
army in history, involving all
men from Is to so.
This doesn't sound as though
the Russians were finished. As a
matter of fact, the Germans
themselves appear to have doubts,
since an authoritative source in
Berlin last night acknowledged
that the Reds might be able to
set up new forces during the
winter. That would mean q two
front war for Hitler.
It is important not to overlook
that the Japanese are watching
the German progress intently.
There can be small doubt that
Hitler Is doing his utmost in
showmanship and diplomacy and
strong-arm pressure to bring the
Nipponese into conflict with
Britain, America or Russia. Toxic
doesn't want to warm up to the
idea Of war with the U. s. A. or
England, but collapse of the Rus
sian front might easily resalt in
q japanese attack on Siberia.
BY the way-The Japanese long
have been playing about with the
idea that Uncle Sam might blink
at an assault on Russia, even If he
has turned thumbs down on any
further move by Nippon to the
south. This strikes me as being
a very dangerous speculation for
Toxic to indulge in, for unless
one mistakes the signs of the
times our Uncle Sam Is in no
mood to see anybody jump on
Russiais back at this critical
juncture.
Evening star., 1941-10-10

There is rather sound foundation
for the belief that. generally, she
not only knows what her husbands s
attitude is going to be, but. despite
her modest and deprecatory manner,
not infrequently has considerable
to do with the shaping of that
attitude. For these reasons the con-
clusion has been reached by the
discerning that, Notwithstanding the
| feeling of various administration
officials and the almost unanimous
view OF detached economists that
some regulation of wages is essen
tial II the price structure is not
to reach dangerous level, there will
be no regulation, because the effort
will have no presidential support.
See Labor Handled Softly.
In addition, there is very strong
conviction that, though the defense
strikes continue week after week,
with resulting loss of millions of
man hours on Army and Navy con-
tracts, the White House will neither
sanction nor support any form of
compulsory arbitration legislation.
Nor will 1t take-or permit to be
taken-any firm step to put an end
to the calculated delays which are
part Of the labor leaders campaign
to use the present crisis to rivet the
closed shop upon the industry of
the country.
In brief. there will be no stiffening
of administration attitude toward
labor, and the National Mediation
Board will continue its custom of
settling all strikes certified to it by
the simple process Of granting either
all or most Of the strikers demands.
Neither the Presidents appeal to
the A. p. of L. convention in Seattle
for unity, nor the exhortation of
Secretary Perkins for self dis
ciplne," nor the aSt-beating
pledges of full support and CO.
operation from william Green
changes the situation. They have
all said the same things before.
Denies freezing Of Wages.
Last Sunday Mrs. Roosevelt gave
Evening star., 1941-10-10
U. 5. Strengthening
Iranian Railway,
Hartman Reveals
NotionoIism of Russions
Seen Consolidated by
Germans Invasion
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
LONDON, Oct. 10.-W. Averell
Hartman, chief of the American
delegation for aid to Russia, said at
press conference today that United
States aid was being given to
strengthen the Iranian railway to
carry American-British supplies to
the Red Army.
The railway runs from the head
Of the Persian Gulf through Iran to
Bandar Shah on the Caspian Sea.
I'VE are not giving lip service to
an ideal" said Mr.. Hartman. I'VE
Americans are giving practical
service to Russia"
Mr.. Hartman asserted that NV
Judgment Is that the Soviet leaders
will lead their people to tight to
the last"
The British and United States
missions to Russia, headed by Lord
Beaverbrook and Mr.. Hartman, ar
rived in London today from Moscow
and received the greetings of a large
crowd of government and diplomatic
officials. Lord Beaverbrook later
was received in audience by King
George.
Mr.. Hartman called the success
of the conference with the Russiana
"a great achievement on the part of
Lord Beaverbrook.
Mr.. Hartman declared there can
be no doubt that the German in
vasion has resulted in q tremendous
consolidation Of the spirit of ma
tionalism which is finding its ex-
preston in the valiant and gallant
resistance of the Russian troops"
He added that he also had been
ploy machines in warfare.