davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1941-11-20
War
Continued From First PaRe.)


from Kuibyshev to have dislodged
the Germans from several settle
mentS
Fierce fighting continued near the
approaches to Leningrad. where the
Russians persisted in counterattacks
in the face of heavy German artil-
lery and mortar fire from a strong
ly-fortified point. it was stated.
In an account of action on the
southwestern front. the Soviet
Army newspaper Red Star said
Russian lines had stiffened after the
Germans hurled four divisions-one
Of tanks, one cavalry and two in
fantry-into fierce assault.
The Russians were pushed back
at one point, but at another re-
captured several settlements and
encircled and destroyed a German
regiment, Red Star said.
1t declared that heavy losses were
cutting down the numerical supe-
riority the Germans had at the out
set of the attack and said the ex-
treme cold was forcing them to cling
to settlements for shelter.
New Smashes at Moscow.
German soldiers are smashing at
three key points in the Russian
capitals defense chain and are seek
ing to score triumph at Rostov.
Don River port and gate to the
Caucasus, 1t was reported in London.
A Russian communique at mid
night last night announced fierce
fighting was under way at Volo-
kolamsk, 65 miles west and slightly
north of Moscow. at Kalinin, 95
miles northwest of the capital, and
at Rostov.
The war correspondent Of Izvestia
Soviet government organ. reported
that the Germans were continuing
the Tula attacks with two infantry
divisions (about 10000 mem sup
ported by tank division.
The British BroadcaSting Corp
said today Russian coastal batteries
in the Baltic had sunk six German
cutters which we're transporting
troops. The date of the reported
sinkings was not given. The broad.
cast was heard in New York by
N. B. c.
Evening star., 1941-11-20

would not continue to be 80 easy
was acknowledged, British ofncers
stating that the Germans have
taken many pains to build up force
OF seasoned veterans in fortified
positions, despite the constant losses
inflicted by the British fleet on the
Axis transport system from Europe.
The German army, bolstered by
italians, must face British striking
force which is avowedly the newest.
finest and best-equipped in the
empire.
The joint British command is
headed by Dublin born 1t. Gen.
Sir Alan Gordon Cunningham for
the army; his brother, Admiral Sir
Andrew Browne Cunningham, for
the navy; and Air Vice Marshal
Arthur Cunningham, an Australian,
for the r. A. F,
Special Message Read.
That the offensive was the long
awaited and carefully planned an
swer to the cry for British initiative
was signified by the fact that spe-
cial message from Prime Minister
Churchill was read to the three
branches participating just before
the blow fell on the Axis outposts.
There was an intimation that the
British advance may have been
planned even sooner. it being stated
that bad weather delayed prepara-
tory bombings by the r. A.F.
When the blow fell, however, il
was heavy. the Air Ministry saying
the r. A. F. had attacked and was
attacking "a variety of targets with
a ferocity never vet seen or exper-
fenced in North Africa" Seven Axis
troop carriers were claimed shot
down in one preliminary engage
n1ent.
The land forces moved up to the
barren border zone on Monday night
and bivoucked for few hours OF
sleep. But a rainstorm swept ovel
the desert.
Refused to Be Delayed.
In his secret underground head.
quarters. Gen. Cunningham refused
to let this delay him, declaring tha
he knew his task was tough ont
but was confident of success anc
that the morale OF his men was 81
high they have their tails straigh
up"
/ As the man who crushed the Ital
ian East African empire, he has ex
perienced plenty of bad weather anc
rough going before.
The phenomenallv hard rain
packed the sands on the high plateau
but washed out roads and trail
nearer the coast. 1t suddenly stop
ped in the morning
The going was admittedly mad
difficult along shore. where two Ger
man armored divisions were spreat
Evening star., 1941-11-20
Co|orfuI Procession
Marks Pan.American
Thanksgiving Mass
St. Putrick's Packed
For Services Attended
By Many DipIomots

ArchbiShOps wearing ermlne
capes over their robes, two prelates
from South America, host OF mon
signori and several priests. marched
down Tenth street behind ciuciflX
today in a colorful procession that
marked the beginning of the Pam
American Thanksgiving mass at ST.
Patricks Church.
Within the church the miniature
flags of the 81 Latin American re-
publics marked the entrance to the
peWS set aside for guests Of honor,
the Latin American diplomats. The
pews were ranked by precedence.
The first pew was reserved .or AM
baSsador Don Manuel de Freyre Y
Santander, Ambassador of Peru. The
dean of the diplomatic corps. men,
bers of his family and the Peruvian
Embassy staff
Until mass began at 10 80 O'Clock
only invited guests and those who
. held admission cards were permitted
to enter the church. Persons not
holding cards, a large NUMBER of
whom were waiting in the street,
were admitted when the services
started.
h. Of &. Lead Procession.
The procession was formed in the
parish hall OF the church while out
SIDE members OF the Knights OF
Columbus. dressed in morning coats
and striped trousers and With the
badge of their order worn over their
shoulders, gathered to lead the pro-
ceSsion.
4 The procession moved out of the
parish hall. down the street past 2
throng of onlookers and into the
church.
( The Most Rev. Michael J. Curley
/ D. D.. Archbishop of Baltimore anC
( Washington. sang the solemn high
mass and the Most Rev. AmletC
/ Cicognani. who. as apostolic dele
gate. is the American ecclesiastical
spokesman for Pope Plus XII, pre-
sided.
Small boys carried their purple
trains as they marched from parish
house to church.
Representatives OF the Soutf
American hierarchy were the Mos
/ Rev. Juan SubercaseauX. archbishop
of La Serena. Chile. and the Mos
Rev. Annibale Mena Porta, co-adju
tor bishop of Ascunsion, Paraguay.
Church Banked With Flowers.
/ The church was banked with
( flowers for the occasion. In tht
congregation we're many American!
/ from the State Department and tht
/ Capitol DR.. Thomas Parran, sur.
geon general Of the United State:
Public Health Service, and Senator
/ O'Mahoney of Wyoming wer,
among those present.
The Rev. James Magner, procura
tor of Catholic University. preached
the sermon The deacons of homo
to the Apostolic Delegate were th'
Right Rev. Msgr. Eugene J. Con
nelly. pastor of st. Peters Church
Second and c streets Sc. and th'
Right Rev. Msgr. Quinn, rector o
the Baltimore Cathedral.
1t was the first American
mass celebrated under the pastoral,
of the Right Rev. Msgr Lawrenc,
J. Sheehan at st. Patrick's.
Evening star., 1941-11-20
War Brings Boom
To British Honq Konq

Arrival of Canadian troops In
Great Britains colony of Hong
Kong. on the China Sea, gives a
Western Hemisphere touch to de-
Tense army already ranging from
killed Scots to turbaned natives OF
India.
As a century-old outpost of
empire, Hong Kong presents a
peculiar defense problem, says a
bulletin from the National Geo.
graphic Society. The colony's 800
square miles comprise the island OF
Hong Kong, the peninsula of Kow-
loon on the Chinese mainland
across narrow channel-harbor and
the New Territories" adjacent to
the peninsula.
For more than a year the colony.
direct China connections have been
Evening star., 1941-11-20
Cairo
Continued From First Page.

heels in shocked surprise. so closely
had the British secret been guarded
British reports said
In the first onrush, against COM
paratively little opposition, the
British swept westward to a depth
OF more than so miles. the first COM
munique on the offensive said.
British advices added that num-
bers of Germans had been captured
that Italian forces were falling back
that the feet has bombarded the
stubborn gateway Of Halfaya Hell
fire. Pass and that the air force has
wrought tremendous damage to Ger
manhattan positions and airdromes
along the coast.
That the reinvasion of Libya
Evening star., 1941-11-20

tanks; many squadrons Of bombers
and fighters are formed entirely Of
United States-rnanufactured air.
craft.
AIl-Empire Army.
These tanks and planes are
manned by Englishmen, Scots,
Welsh. North Irish, Australians, New
Zealanders, South Africans and
Free French. with the army also
containing representatives OF India
and all the colonies.
Gen. Cunningham army. said an
authority here, is the greatest ever
assembled in North Africa. Con-
sidering the limits imposed by the
desert conditions, ''it is correct TO
say the maximum has been reached,
he added.
This is the new 9th Army or Army
of the West. formed when the old
Army of the Nile was split. One
section remained in the desert while
the other, under 1t. Gen. Sir Henry
Maitland Wilson. became the Army
of the North in Syria and Palestine.
Both are under Gen Sir Claude
J. E. Auchinleck. commander In chief
for the Near East.
In addition. Britain has increasing
forces in Iraq and Iran.
Evening star., 1941-11-20
Where They Are Fighting
(From the National Geographic Society,"

severed by the japanese, who hold
the adjoining mainland, including
Canton, the Pearl River, and the
railroad which helped make Hong
Kong the great port Of South China
1t has handled more than $4,000, 900
tons Of merchandise yearly.
Standing thus. like portal to
nowhere, Hong Kong might seem to
have lost the economic basis of its
existence but, as with many British
cities, business goes on as usual
Evening star., 1941-11-20
locusts Hold Up Train

BY obliterating the track like a
fog, a swarm of locusts held up a
train near Jaisinglef, India, for
more than an hour.
Evening star., 1941-11-20

Over 100000 pounds Of cloves
were produced in Zanzibar in the
last wear
Imperial Valley press., 1941-07-27
s. Corporations
Get 75PerCent
OF Defense Orders
Six Companies Hold
Almost One-Third
Of All Assignments

WASHINGTON, July 26.
(UP)-The office of produc-
tion management reported
today that Sc corporations
have been awarded nearly Is
per cent of all army and navy de-
fense orders.
The OPM's bureau of research and
statistics said that the combined
defense orders of six companies to-
tailed $3,O75, 100000 or 31.3 per cent
of all defense orders as of June /,
which amounted to $9,839 100000.
Under defense orders, the bureau
said, the government is provided
with ships, airplanes, tanks, guns,
equipment, food and fuel in con-
trast to construction orders under
which cantonments, bases, depots,
arsenals and factories are built.
The Bethlehem Steel Corp, held
1927 100000 in defense contracts on
July /, according to the bureau, and
the New York Shipbuilding corpor-
atoms orders totalled $507,000, ,000
General Motors held $490,000,000:
Curtiss- Wright Corp. $444,000,000;
Newport News Shipbuilding & Dry
dock Co. 1889 100000; and E. l. Du
Pont Co. $318,00O,000.
Imperial Valley press., 1941-07-27
u. s. Creates Great War Machine Ready
For Immediate Action in Far East With
Ex-Chief Of Staff in Full Command

WASHINGTON, July 81 CUP) =
The United States implemertcd its
economic hammer-b blow at Japan
with a consolidation of American
and Philippine armed forces to-
day, placing the new Far East mil
itary department under command
of Maj. Gen. Douglas A. Macarthur,
retired U. 8. chief of staff.
Macarthur. who has been training
in the Philippine commemorative
armed forces for the past six years,
was recalled to active duty in the
u. S. army in a surprise move Or
dered by President Roosevelt from
his family home at Hyde Park,
N. Y
Macarthur was given full COM
mand of American and Philippine
forces at the southwestern Pacific
outpost, with the rank of lieuten-
ant general. The new department
is to be known as "the U. S. army
forces in The Far East"
The presidents order also in
corporated Philippine sea units into
American naval forces operating
from Manila. These will be under
command of Rear Admiral H NJ.
Bemis, commandant of the 18th
naval district and of the Cavite,
P. M. navy yard.
U. S. army authorities at Manila
said that incorporation of Philip
pine land forces into existing AM
erican units at the archipelago will
add 100000 troops, making up II
divisions. Estimates here were low
er. The announcement of MacAr-
thurs appointment stated that
there were $4,000 Filipino troops
available for immediate use.
MIR. Roosevelts order relative to
Philippine Commonwealth armed
Imperial Valley press., 1941-07-27

British bombers blasted the heart
of Berlin with the heaviest bombs
in the Royal air force arsenal.
The British navy beat off an Ital-
ian torpedo-boat attack at Malta
with destruction of a large number
of the fast little boats, and dispers-
ed units which for four days had
harrassed an important British con-
Voy.
President Roosevelt battened down
American matches in the Pacific
ordering Philippine armed forces
under U. S. command for the dura-
ton of the emergency and appoint
ing Gen. Douglas A. Macarthur,
61-year- old former chief of staff
commander of a new army compo-
nent to be known as the U. S. Army
Forces in the Far East. The Philip
pines were virtually on a wartime
basis.
Washington revealed that units
of the newly organized U. S. para
chute troops have been sent from
FIT. Benning, Ga, to reinforce AM
erican defenses in jne Panama cam
al Zone.
In the theater of actual hostilitieS
the Nazi high command made pos
sibly its frankest admission since
the start of the offensive of the
difficulties which the German blitz-
Continued on Page 6. col. 81
Imperial Valley press., 1941-07-27

The resolution amends the orig
inal selective service act of 1910
1t contains no reference whatever
to use of troops outside the western
hemisphere and U. S. possessions
and committee members said the
present ban on assignment OF
guardsmen and selectees beyond
these limits would remain in force.
The only member of the commit
tee voting against the bill was
Chairman Robert R. Reynolds, D.,
N. c. The committee delegated Sen.
Lister Hill, D., Ala, to make the
announcement.
Hill explained that the commit
tee, which yesterday was agreed in
principle on a declaration of ma
tional emergency which automati-
cally would have invoked the power
to keep present army units in serv-
ice, discovered in a Az hour session
today such a declaration in addi-
Continued on Page 6; Col. 81
Imperial Valley press., 1941-07-27
fAnqIo-Americun Freezing
Order Opens Trade War;
More ReprisoIs & Expected
Tokyo RetaIia+es
By Putting Ban
On u. S. Credits

TOKYO, July 26. (UP)-
Japan today ordered the
freezing of American assets
in retaliation for similar u.
S. action against Japan's as
sets and credits in the United States,
and prepared at the same time to
move planes and warships into
French Indo-C China during the
weekend under an agreement with
the Vichy government.
Retaliatory financial measures
were announced after Finance Min
lister Masatsume Ogura revealed
that Japan was fully prepared for
a prompt reply to the Anglo-Amer-
lean freezing orders. A japanese
spokesman said the United States
would be a greater economic suffer-
er than Japan.
The Japanese move into Indo-
China, which precipitated the ex-
change of economic blows, contin-
ued The local French press in Indo
China called on the people to re-
main calm in the face of extreme
ly grave" developments. No men,
ton of the crisis had been permit
ted in the Indo-Chinese press until
| today.
Troops are expected to arrive
there Wednesday. Informants said
that the Japanese air force would
be limited in numbers for some time
because of the lack of suitable bases
in southern Indo-China. A small
number of warships, possibly four
destroyers for the Saigon area and
a cruiser and three destroyers for
the Camranh naval base, are due
at any time, japanese naval in
formant said.
DISCOUNT BLOW
Japan discounted effect of the
Anglo o-American freezing orders.
Cgura claimed that Japan's bal
ances in the United States had
been reduced so drastically in re-
cent months due to the drying-up
of Japanese American trade that
only a very small amount, of
Japanese funds were affected by
President Roosevelt's order.
However, the great Yokohama silk
exchange closed today and Japan
was notified by Britain that not
Continued on Page 6, Col. p
Imperial Valley press., 1941-07-27

reprisals against Japan were ex-
pected. 1t was apparent the presi-
dents move had been anticipated
by Japanese and substantial with
draWals of japanese funds were ef-
fected before the president acted
President Roosevelt's order. is
sued last night, became effective at
the opening of business today.
China's assets were frozen at the
request of Generalissimo Chang
Kai- "for the purpose of help
ing the Chinese government"
The order brought a sharp halt
to all trade with Japan by placing
all japanese financial and import
export transactions under the con-
irol of the government.
JAPAN PREPARED
Japan apparently expected and
was prepared to some extent for
economic action by the United
States. This was evidenced by the
hesitancy of japanese ships to en-
ter American ports this week and
by the treasury disclosure that there
had been substantial withdrawals
of Japanese funds from American
banks during the past three days.
There were indications that the
freeze order would be only the first
of a series of economic blows at
Japan.
Similar action against Germany
and Italy June IA was followed by
the closing of American borders to
Axis nationals, preventing them
from leaving the country until they
had furnished proof of compliance
Continued on Page 6; Col. -
Imperial Valley press., 1941-07-27
Po..Pan Parade
Gets Under Way

Pots, pans, and kettles clattered
into the big cages in downtown El
Centre Saturday in the first days
concentrated drive for aluminium
for defense.
Royal Mackin, telephone So, will
send Boy Scouts to collect any alu-
minum the owners cannot take to
the dumping centers, he announced
Saturday He was busy all day Sat-
urday directing the Scouts to out of
the way places to pick up discarded
aluminium.
Imperial Valley press., 1941-07-27
Britain Abrogates
All Trade Pacts
With Nippon Govt
Action Emphasized
Further Steps In
Economic Penalties

LONDON, July 26. (UP)
Great Britain has notified
Japan that she is abrogating
all trade treaties between
British Empire units and
Japan as parallel step to the Brit
American freezing of Japanese
credits, it was announced authori-
tatively today.
CThe United States abrogated its
friendship treaty with Japan two
years ago ttslay because of its dis
satisfaction with Japans tactics in
China against American interests
The British acton in abrogating
all trade treaties between Japan
and Britain, the dominions and In
dia was a formal step, in view of
the assets-freezing order, but il
emphasized reports in political quar-
ters that America and Britain had
only taken the first step in pro-
gram of drastic measures which
would be calculated to bring Japa-
nese industries to an almost COM
plete standstill soon.
The basic trade treaty between
Japan and the empire is that of
1911. Each trade treaty, however,
contains a clause providing that
the treaty shall run a certain length
of time, usually one year beyond
its denunciation by either party.
1t was explained, however, that
the freezing order itself was the
first big step in their abrogation.
Well informed quarters forecast
that Britain would soon follow AM
Continued on Page 6, Col. .
Imperial Valley press., 1941-07-27

impose ceiling on wages. LegiSla-
tive leaders have rejected such
proposals to forestall opposition
from congressional labor blocs.
Administration spokesmen said
that President Roosevelt will send
a special message to congress early
next week on the need for price
control to halt initiation trends. The
legislation will be introduced soon
thereafter.
Administrator Leon Henderson of
the office of price administration
and civilian supply has held numer-
GUS conferences with congressional
leaders, who rejected his earlier
proposals as too broad. The new
measure, drafted in the light of
these discussions, includes the fol-
lowing provisions:
/. Presidential authority to fix
individual commodity prices.
2. Power to impose overall
ceiling crices In VARIOUS categories.
3. Sterilization of rents in de-
fense areas where military and in
dustrial expansion has caused abb
normal increases.
4. Authority to license manufac-
turers and wholesalers, providing an
additional control over prices.
5. Authority for government pur-
chase of high cost marginal pro-
duction' commodities without af-
fect1hg the general price ceiling
imposed on regular producers. 1t
was explained that if a price was
fixed on copper, for example, that
would force marginal producers out
Continued on Page 6, Col g.
Imperial Valley press., 1941-07-27

to be the fastest cruisers ever built
for the United States navy, some
reports indicating their speed may
approach that of recent destroyers.
A previous cruiser named San
Diego originally was the armored
cruiser California, built at San
Francisco in 1907 She was sunk &C
cidentally by mine off Fire Island,
N. Y, during the World war.
The keel of the present San Diego
was laid March 27, 1910.
Imperial Valley press., 1941-07-27

forces places the islands virtually
on a war footing. U. S. military
strategists long have planned to
integrate the islands fully into the
defense setup in event of an emer-
gency in the Far East.
Filipino military forces include
about $4,000 troops on active duty,
about 1000 members of the con-
stabulary, and 10000 to 10000 Phil
Continued on Page 6; Column 81
Imperial Valley press., 1941-07-27

it would arrive this morning
At the time set for its docking.
however, NYK line cancelled orders
for launch which was TO have met
the incoming vessel. NIX spokes-
men said they diont know what was
going to happen TO the shin which
has many Americans among lts
passengers.
The other two boats were merely
reported overdue. They were the
tanker Daisan Ogura Maru, coming
in from Japan to Richmond. and
the freighter Sagami Maru. which
was TO have docked at San Pedro
from Chile.
Imperial Valley press., 1941-07-27
Home Defense Act
Slated for Action

The Imperial county board OF
supervisors on August will pass
the master ordinance setting up
the Imperial County Council for
Home Defense.
All city councils in the county
will follow the lead of the super
visors and pass similar ordinances
which provide that one county
wide unit be formed, District tAtor-
ney Elmer Heald said Saturday.
The county council of defense
will be composed of a representative
from the supervisors, the irriga-
ton district board, and each city
council.
Imperial Valley press., 1941-07-27


nounced sailed for Japan, leaving
the west coast por:s clear of Japa-
neSe freighters and tankers and
bringing to a halt foreign COM
merce which runs into scores of
millions of dollars annually. Japa-
nese trade moving over San Fran
cisco piers alone is estimated at
$50,00O,000 annually.
There was no official comment on
failure of the three vessels to ar
rive on scheduled time. One of
them, the l7,600-ton NYK liner
Tatuta Maru, carrying a s3,OO0,o0O
cargo of silk, was to have docked
Thursday. Then it was announced
Imperial Valley press., 1941-07-27
State Guard EnIis:ments Here Near
200 Mark; Air Squadron Considered

State Guard in Imperial county.
The second observation squadron
of the California State Guard was
mustered in Sacramento this month.
Men interested in this may get
additional information at my Of
flee in the county court house in
Ell Centre"
In the meantime, he said, enlist
ments in the regular unit will con-
tinue throughout the county.
Imperial Valley press., 1941-07-27

Enlistments in the Imperial coun-
ty unit of the California State
Guard approached the 200 mark
Saturday, District Attorney Elmer
Heald said as he tailed reports
from the enlistment centers in sew
en- cities in the county.
IF enough men are interested,
Heald said. I'VE may be able to
organize an air squadron for the
Imperial Valley press., 1941-07-27

bough, wife of the mayor OF San
Diego, Cal, smashed a bottle of
California champagne against the
prov.
A light, high-speed cruiser, the
San Diego is somewhat smaller than
the light cruisers of the omaha
class, built about 20 years ago. How
ever, these new cruisers of the At
lanta class, as they are known, will
bear some resemblance to both de-
stroyers and other cruisers of re-
cent construction. They are expected