Evening star., 1941-08-02
Oil
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to the Netherlands Indies for a new
supply.
All moves were understood to
have been taken to impress Japan
with the United States strong oppo-
sition to armed expansion south
ward, threatening American terri
tory (the Philippines and vital
sources of rubber, tin and other raw
materials needed for national de-
fense production. and to place every
possible economic barrier in the
Japanese war machines path.
Russia Seen Excepted.
The Presidents order directed
Brig. Gen. Russell L. Maxwell, ad-
ministrator of export control, in the
interest of national defense, to:
/. Prohibit the export of motor
fuels and oils suitable for use in
aircraft to any country except the
British Empire, Western Hemi-
sphere countries and unoccupied ter
ritories in other countries engaged
in resisting aggression, which was
interpreted here to include Soviet
Russia and China.
2. Prohibit the export of certain
raw stocks from which aviation type
fuel and lubricants might be de-
rived, except to the same American
and ggressor-resisting nations.
CThat instruction was inter-
preted as embargoing the export
of some grades of gasoline and
oils which, while not of high
octane rating by American
standards, have proved useable
in planes. sometimes with the
addition of other ingredients)
3. Place all other gasoline, oil and
petroleum products under export
license control on a quota basis lin
iting issuance of licenses ito usual
or pre-war quantities"
While the Presidents order did
not specifically mention Japan, it
was so worded as to embargo exports
of avia ton oil and fuel to any coun-
try outside the Western Hemisphere
except the British Empire, Russia
and China and was interpreted as
another smashing economic blow de-
signed to block any japanese move
against Singapore and the Neither
lands Indies.
Japan's occupation of French In
co- China was designated recently by
Acting Secretary of State Welles as
threat to American territory and
to sources of supply of vital raw ma
terials in the South Pacific.
Climate whom the United States
is extending all possible reoral, eco
nomic and financial aid-has long
pleaded for an embargo on ship
ments of American oil used to fuel
Japanese warplanes for the bombing
of Chinese cities and towns and the
Burma road, lifeline for China's war
supplies.
Since July 26, 1910, licenses have
been required for exports of avia-
ton gasoline and oil, but of1icials
said today no licenses have been is
sued for such exports to Japan.
Licenses to Be Required.
Japan, however, has been a large
purchaser of other gasoline, oil and
petroleum products, such American
exports to her totaling So, SOC, 900 In
1910 and S45 ,285 900 in 1899.
Licenses will be, required hereafter
for all petroleum products and will
be issued by the Export Control Ad-
ministration on the basis of "pre-
war or usual antilles" of the coun-
try. Howf official order gave
no form to base pre-war
or usu
Com mt figures
show /. purchases
have be, A.4Aoly under 1899
and 1910 c IT'S.
In 1896, before Japan attacked
China, American petroleum exports
to Japan were s28 1887 900, of which
approximately half was for crude
petroleum.
After Japan on July 7, 1887,
launched an invasion of North
China, Japanese oil purchases here
scared to s43 27e 900.
In 1898, with Japanese forces
fighting up the Yangtze River and
in South China, Japan imported
s5f ,191 900 Sorth of American gaso-
line and oil.
Limitation on Lower Grades.
A limitation of lower grade OIL to
Japan might, it was explained, be
passed either on Japan's pre-China
war, or pre-European war, purchases
here.
E. Degolyer, Dallas TEX oil
authority, reported to the National
Petroleum Association that Japan's
normal annual civilian consumption
of petroleum products was approx
mately $4,000, 900 barrels. and that
an additional II ,000, 900 barrels had
been used by Japan's army and
navy In 1893 and $4,000, 900 barrels
in 1899.
Japan's production totals only an
estimated 2,500, 900 barrels annually,
forcing purchase of $4,000, 900 barrels
of crude in the United States in
1889 and $4,000 900 barrels in 1910.
Japan met most of the rest Of her
petroleum needs by importing from
the Netherlands Indies. the British
Empire, and. in smaller amounts,