davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1941-03-21
What are sun dogs?-H. M. K.

@. What are sun dogs?-H. M. K.
A. Sun dogs are technically known as
parhela, and appear when sunlight
shines through thin cloud composed Of
ice crystals floating in the atmosphere.
Like numerous other halos, they are the
result of the refraction of the suns rays
by these crystals.
@. Please give the date of the Tulip
Festival in North Carolina.-E. K. H.
A. The festival will be celebrated at
Washington, N. c., April 17-1S when the
blooming season is at its height.
@. What was the homestead law?-
C. S. C.
A. The homestead law, signed by
Abraham Lincoln on May 20, 1862, gave
to ANY person who is the head Of a
family, or who has arrived at the age of
81 years, and is citizen of the United
States, or who shall have filed his decla-
ration of intention to become such" the
privilege of obtaining quarter section
of land free Of charge, except small
filing fee, by living on the land for five
years and meeting certain conditions
with respect to cultivation. With nuner-
Gus notifications, the basic features of
the law are in force today.
@. Was Syracuse, N. Y, formerly
called by another namely. B.
A. Syracuse, N. Y, was founded in
1905. 1t was first known as South Salina,
and subsequently as Bogardus Corners,
CoSsitts Corners and Milan. 1t was
named Syracuse for ancient Sicily. 1t
became village in 1925, and in 1910 an
nexed Salina and was chartered as city.
@. Is it true that some cosmetics are
colored with insectS?-M. K.
A. The cochineal insect is a native
of Central America and Mexico. The
dried bodies of the female insect are
used as a coloring in candies, and cos
metics where an old Castilian red is
needed.
@. What is the approximate yield of
products from 100 gallons of crude oil?-
]. C.
A. 1t is as follows: Gasoline, A gall
Ions; fuel oil, 36 gallons. Miscellaneous:
Coke, asphalt, wax, ETC., gallons; kero-
sene gallons; lubricants, 3 gallons;
loss, gallons.
Evening star., 1941-03-21
Shokespeore's Dyer Aqoin
From the New York Herald tribune:

The political complexion of the ST.
preme Court naturally colors its inter-
probation of the Constitution and stat
utes. But :. the longer a jurist has been
q member of the court, the more his
political bias tends to disappear in favor
of heightened loyalty not only to the
Constitution itself, but to the body OF
law based upon 1t. built up over the
generations by the courts construcr,on
e Ioada2ataoo,
Evening star., 1941-03-21
Letters to the Editor
Says There Is No Pork" in Legislation
For Improvement of Rivers and Harbors.

says lnere Is NO f0rk In Legislation
For Improvement of Rivers and Harbors.
To the Editor Of The Star:
Year after year the opponents of river
and harbor legislation try to kill it by
derision. Pork barrel" they say; mean
ing that the bill carries appropriations
for projects without merit except polit-
ical advantage. The astounding thing is
that so many believe it, despite the fact
that river and harbor legislation is en-
tirely free from pork, by reason of the
method of its adoption and enactment,
and has been so for a generation.
In the first place, Congress does not
appropriate for particular projects. 1t
appropriates lump sums to be spent by
the Secretary of War at his selection
(and that means at the selection of the
Chief of Engineers, U. S. A. from list
of approved projects. And what are
these approved projects?
They are projects that have been certi-
fled economically sound after long study
by the Corps of Engineers, U. S. A, made
first by the district officer, reviewed by
his superior, the division engineer; then
by the Board of Engineers for Rivers and
Harbors, and finally by the Chief of Engi-
neers. No part of the study is per-
functory. Many projects are rejected.
Having passed that test, they go to the
River and Harbor Committee of the
House, and if approved. are incorporated
in the River and Harbor Authorization
bill, which carries no money.
When the bill becomes law, they be-
come approved projects, to which the
Secretary of War may allot funds when
made available by Congress.
There is no form of government eX-
penditure subjected to closer scrutiny as
to its worth. Not to use too strong a
word, labelling such legislation pork
barrel" is unscrupulous. To do so is to
impugn the integrity of the Corps of
Engineers and its chief, the integrity
of the River and Harbor Committee and
the members of the House and Senate.
The use of such weapon suggests
bad cause.
DURWARD H. PRIMROSE, Editor,
New York City, Marine Journal
Evening star., 1941-03-21

1t is usually from fifteen to thirty
days after the British capture town
or fort from the Italians that the
latter admit" the loss. This is
known in military circle as the de
layed denouemsnt."
Evening star., 1941-03-21

Successful Public Speaking-A
32-page booklet summarizing the
essentials of public speaking in
simple and practical form. How to
plan and deliver speeches for all
occasions, how to improve your
voice, how to overcome nervousness
and gain self-confdence in this
art. To secure your copy of this
publication ipclose 10 cents in coin.
wrapped in this clipping, and mail
to The Star Information Bureau.
Name
Address
Evening star., 1941-03-21
Defends Pedestrians Taking Chances
When Mot0rist Will Not Slow Down.
To the Editor of The Star:

To the Editor of The Star:
That pedestrians have asserted the
right to walk however and wherever they
please, assuming that it is entirely up
to the motorists to avoid running them
down, as contended in your editorial,
"A Joint Responsibility" which appeared
in The Star Of March Is, Is due to a
condition imposed upon walkers by
drivers.
Although I drive car, 1t Is my custom
to walk to work as a daily exercise, a
distance varying from to 10 miles
through various parts Of the city. The
experience affords an excellent opportun-
ity for observation and study of the
habits of both drivers and pedestrians.
The average pedestrian has impressed
me as a timorous creature with little or
no inclination to dispute the right of way
with drivers. The custom of walkers
standing aside when they have the right
of way at uncontrolled intersections has
become so general that motorists expect
walkers to get out of the way and drive
accordingly.
The fragrant disregard of drivers for
the rights Of pedestrians has instilled
caution n walkers TO a extsnt that some
Evening star., 1941-03-21

@. Do mahogany trees grow IN
forests?-E. B. r.
A. The mahogany tree grows in iso-
lation. The fact that there are no ma
hogany forests or groves is responsible
for the high market value of the wood.
@. For what is the Pyne Prize at
Princeton awarded?-C. N
A. In 1921 the Pyne Prize was founded
by Mrs. Taylor Moulton Hanrahan in
memory of M. Taylor Pyne IT, trustee
and benefactor of Princeton. 1t is
awarded each year to the member of the
senior class who, in the opinion of the
president of Princeton, the dean of the
college, and the secretary of the univers-
ity, has most clearly manifested the fol-
lowing qualifications: Excellent scholar
ship, manly qualities and effective sup
port of the best interests Of Princeton
University"
@. How many people were able to
vote in the last election? How many
yoted?-H. J. P.
A. 1t was estimated that 80526 900
persons were potential voters last No
vember; of this number 49,818,995 voted.
@. Please give brief history of the
old Minot Ledge Lighthouse near Scitu-
ate, Mass-E. E. J.
A. The old Minot Ledge Lighthouse
was destroyed by storm between April
IA and IT, 1851, when it was about 21a
years old. The present one is constructed
of Quincy granite and was begun on
July /, 1855, and finished in 1859.
Evening star., 1941-03-21

Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address of
the tDriter, although the use OF
a pSeudonynl for publication is
permissible. The Star reSerUeS
the right to edit all letters 1Uith
DietD to condensation.
Evening star., 1941-03-21
ARLINGTON, Va.

Dear Sir:
"Your description Of acrobatics by
squirrels in securing sunfower seed
from q suspended coconut shell was
amusing. Here's a suggestion which will
give evidence Of ability as tight-rope
walkers.
'"Take a hemp rope Of three -eighths
inch diameter and stretch it between
two trees standing 20 or Is feet apart.
A clothes line or sash cord of one quarter
inch will do, but it should be doubled
or twisted In either event very taut.
From this tight line and close to it
there should be suspended by two short
wire hooks a shallow cigar box or half
sawed coconut shell, just free enough
to permit longitudinal movement In
the receptacle place sunfoWer seed or
nuts, the latter If birds are to be kept
from the circus.
THE position of the container at the
outset should be about foot from one
squirrels. Then every day or two move
it toward the middle of the line, foot
or two at a time.
'"The sharp eyes of the little animals
will follow the course and location of
the holder, eventually leading to daring
travel along the rope to the far point
in order to get the nuts.
yours very truly, c. H. S."
ARLINGTON, Va.
Dear Sir:
Your recent article about squirrel
antics at feeder has prompted me to
send you the inclosed picture
This squirrel is hanging by his hind
feet from a cross-wise wire, totally un-
supported otherwise while 1t holds a
peanut in its forepaws.
THE peanuts are speared on a heavy
wire and suspended from the cross
wire, and to reach them, the squirrel
has to walk the tight rope for at least
6 feet.
Sometimes he does and sometimes
he doesn't, in which case he goes hand
over hand below the wire.
when the peanuts at the top of the
string have been eaten, the squirrel
or will slide them up with his paws.
The titmice and nuthatches will hang
onto the string. too, and pry out the
nut meats.
L have seen bird during the past
month which do not know. 1t is about
the size of the chickadee but deep olive
green, slightly lighter underneath and
has white bars across the lower tips
OF the wings.
Each wing seems to have a V-shaped
bar, so that when the wings are closed
they form a plain w.
Il first saw it creeping around a cedar
tree and picking something of the twigs
and under sides of the needles. Later
1t few to the suet basket and seemed
pleased to find a meal all prepared
xxx
cardinals are rare over here this
winter, although we can hear one sing
occasionally. Too much building, cats
and air rifles to blame. Before these
disasters, we were proud of a pair of
Evening star., 1941-03-21

@. What was the average mental age
of soldiers drafted In the first World
War?-G. H.
A. During the World War the white
draftees had q mental age Of 13.
Evening star., 1941-03-21

@. How long has the American flag
been referred to as Old Glory?--J. H. v.
A. The name Old Glory was given to
our national flag on August 10, 1881, by
Capt. William Driver of the brig Charles
Doggett.
Evening star., 1941-03-21

@. Who are the Senate whips in Con-
gress?-D. S. w.
A. Senator Lister Hill is the Demo-
cratic whip, and Senator Warren R. Aus
tin is the Republican whip.
Evening star., 1941-03-21
Huskin's Answers
To Questions
By Frederic J. HdSkin.

A reader can get the anslcer to any
question OF fact By t0rtttr1g The EUe-
ming Star Information Bureau, Fred
eric J. HnsEtn, director, Washington,
D. c. Please incLose stamp for reply.
Evening star., 1941-06-09
become benehciaries Of the surplus

become beneficiaries Of the surplus
food distribution"
In connection with the alien pro-
hibition the President told Congress
in relief message May 20:
Under existing law aliens are
denied the right to employment on
relief projects. I believe that this
works a hardship upon a class of
persons whose private employment
opportunities are becoming increas-
ingly limited. I recommend the re-
moval of this barrier to permit the
employment of aliens who are other
wise eligible under the act"
Hunter Backs Recommendation.
Mr.. Hunter seconded the Presi-
dents recommendation, telling the
committee that the present prohi-
bition against aliens on relief work
inflicted "a serious hardship on
many deserving persons" He point
ed out that aliens must pay taxes
and were subject to most of the
responsibilities of citizenship. Hence
he contended, they should be given
consideration when in need.
Mr.. Hunter told the committee
that BIT on the w. P. A. rolls, less
than l-50th of per cent of the
total had refused to sign affidavits
that they were not Communists or
members of the "Nazi burd or
ganization' or advocated overthrow
of the Government. They were
dismissed.
In addition, 461 charges, involving
false affldavits, were filed, resulting
in the dismissal of IA Communists
and three Nazis during the period
from July l, 1910, to last May 10.
But investigation has been COM
pleted in only 1874 of the cases,
Hunter said.
Evening star., 1941-06-09
J. R. Lang Dies in Detroit;
Former D. G. Resident

John r. Lang, Sc, a former resi-
dent of Washington, died unex-
pectedly in Detroit Saturday. Serv-
ives will be held there at IL am.
tomorrow.
Mr.. Lang was born here, the son
Of the late William H. Lang, George
town businessman, and the late
Sara A. Lang. He was graduated
from the Georgetown Law School
in 1911 and practiced law here until
1916. Since then he had been en-
ployed as an attorney for the Ford
Motor Co. in Detroit, returning to
Washington frequently on business.
A trustee of the Woodward Ave-
nue. Presbyterian Church in De-
troit, Mr.. Lang also was active in
the Masons there and was a men,
ber of Phi Alpha Delta fraternity.
Mr.. Lang is survived by his widow,
Mrs. Ruth M. Lang, and a daughter
Jannice, of Detroit; a sister, Mrs.
Mary L. Lewis of Washington, and
niece. Mrs. Alvin L. Aubinoe of
Greenwich Forest. Bethesda, Md.
Evening star., 1941-06-09
$50 o,s5o,ooo to ss75,oOo,OOo, a decrease

$50, $50, 900 to $s75 1000, 900, a decrease
of $475, $50. 900, or IS per cent.
z. The average number that can
be employed reduced from 1,700, 600
to 941,315, drop of 758,685, or A
per cent.
3. A decrease from estimated en-
ployment of 1900 900 this month to
941,315 in July or early August, q
drop of 358,6S5.
Total Only $95,oO0 on.
The big total, however, was only
sos, 900 less than President Roose-
velts budget estimates.
The committee sought in its re-
port to counteract what 1t said was
"the casual impression" that the
defense program should be ex-
pected to absorb virtually all of the
unemployed.
Such an opinion is q conjecture
which is not based upon an exami-
nation of the studies and analyses
that have been made of the prob
able effect of these huge expendi-
pbl CO oPoii ClilkloylILCiiO dlld
ployment," the committee said.
Mr.. Hunter told the committee in
testimony on the bill that unem-
ployment In the year starting July
would be from 5,500,000 to $500, 600,
compared with between 1000, 900 and
5000, 900 for the preceding year.
THE fact Is" Mr.. Hunter said,
that we have arrived at today's
record production without using
anything like our available man.
power. The unemployed worker has
been caught between fast-growing
labor force and the rapidly increas-
ing mechanical productivity of our
industrial plant
More Goods With Less Labor.
The net increase of the labor
force in this country Is regularly
about $4,000 workers. At the same
time industry is producing more
goods with less labor"
The committee commented that
its transfer of 100000 to the
Agriculture Department for extern
sion of the stamp plan would mean
reduction of 58.685 workers in Mr..
Hunters estimate that an average
of 100000 would be employed with
the new money. The report said:
The diversion of this sum to this
type of relief will be of material
assistance to w. P. A. workers and to
other persons who are receiving any
type of public assistance funds by
increasing the numbers who may
Evening star., 1941-06-09
In Mrn1nrtant

ARMSTEAD, HESTER s. In loving
memory Of our, dear mother HESTER 8.
ARMsIEAD tsds ,I whe Passed 1ass away six years
HER LOVING CHILDREN.
BLALOCK. BEN: In loving memory. Of
of my husband. BEN BLALoCK, who died
a year go today. June 9. 1910.
have lost my souls compa MON,
life linked with my own,
And day by day / miss him more,
As I walk through life alone
dear BRoE ps BESSIE BEssE BRcP K TSs DsIes Of
away one year ago today, June 8, 1910.
miss you now. my heart is sore:
As time goes on I miss you more
LoSELY SRs ASP 81 'fHf IssiR fRsD FAN
ME REEDER
COLLINS. GEORGE FRANKLIN. A
tribute to the precious memory of my be
FRANKLIN Collins, Who crossed The bar
twenty-three i23) years ago today, June
HIS WIFE. BERTHA HOWARD COLLINS.
DORSEY. SAVANNAH, AND sTORRIED.
SAVANNAH DORSEY. who ' passed away S;
two years ago today. June ., 1889, and
LUCY sToRK1ED, three years ago July
Their voices were hushed they stole away
God said, You have lived and done your
best
Nov close your ewes in Ne hnd rest"
AND DOROTHY.
GREENE, RAYMOND L. In loving re-
wSo hon deparsd spa nsehfM th:
life five years ago today. June Q, 1896.
Though you are gone from our lives,
you are always in our thoughts.
KOONCE. MINNIE ELIZABETH. Thir-
teen years have passed since June Q, 1928.
Many changes have come into my life but
not not too man many for mother to remember
tendsrly the sound of your voice and the
MARGARET W. KooNcE.
KOONCE. MINNIE Z. In loving memory
of our little cousin MINNIE E. KOONCE
who left us thirteen years ago today, June
WILSON. RHoDA AND LARRY SAVOY.
my Wis Aba hRA M Il ioviDs wing d.s msm.ry Of
ago. June Q, 1910.
have lost my souls companion.
life linked with my own.
And day by day miss her more
AS I walk through life alone
DEVOTED HUSBAND. EDGAR.
POWELL, MARY E. In loving remem-
GIr ~ho eft us nG time. s.,rs so
today. June .. 1888.
Always remembered
DEVOTED HUSBAND AND CHILDREN
SIMMONS. LOUISE. In sad but low
ing remembrance Of our dear mother and
aunt, LOUISE SIMMONS. who passed this
lie hve years ago today. June 9, 1896.
The years may wipe out many things.
- But this they wipe out never.
The memory of those happy days
When We were all together.
LOVING CHILDREN, ALONZO. MARY AND
ELLSWORTH SIMMONS. AND NIECE,
DOROTHY JONES
TURNER. CECILIA. Sacred to tn.
memory of my dear mother CECILIA
TURNER, who departed this life two years
ago, June 9, 1889.
Gone are the steps loved so dear,
Silent the voice I used to hear
Too far away for sight or speech,
But not too far for thought to reach.
Loving and kind in all her ways.
Upright and Just to the end of her days
Sincere and true in her heart and mind,
Beautiful memories she left behind
DEVOTED DAUGHTER AND GRAND
CHILDREN.
WEBER, J. WILLIAM In sad but low
ing remembrance of my dear father, j.
WILLIAM WEBER, who departed this life
four years ago today. June 9, 1887.
Today is the day of remembrance,
And the day we shall always remember.
HIS DEVOTED SON. J. WILLIAM WEBER,
JR.: MARGARET WEBER, BROTHERS
AND SISTER.
Evening star., 1941-06-09
Msgr. J. n. Grief Dies;
Wrote u. :. Passion PLAY
By the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
UNION CITY, N. j., June g.
Msgr. Joseph N. Grief, who wrote
and produced the first American
Passion Play" in 1915 after hearing
a Papal plea for peace in the early
days of the World war, died yester-
day of heart ailment.
The 86-year- -old priest had been
pastor of Holy Family Church here
for 81 years.
The Passion Play" staged each
Lenten season, had been witnesses
by almost million persons. Nearly
200 Holy Family parishioners made
up the cast
Despite its sacred theme, the
Passion Play" was the cause of
Father Grief being arrested in
1928 on charge of violating an old
blue law" by presenting a theatri-
cal production on Sunday. He re-
fused to plead guilty in Police Court,
Evening star., 1941-06-09
Draths

wHITTINGTON. WILTON RUDOLPH
On Monday. June q. 1a41. at his home
Richie, Md. WILTON RUDOLPH WHIT
TINGTON. husband Of Maude Seaborn
Wilmington and father OF Cecil Cody and
Henrietta Whittington.
Friends are invited to call at the Ritche
Bros. funeral home, Upper Marlboro. Md
where services will be held on Wednesday,
June II, at 2:30 pm. 1nterment Cedar
WILLIAMS. REV. GEORGE. H. On Sun
day, June s, l941. at Freedmen's Hospital
Rev. GEORGE H. WILLIAMS. Remains
resting al Frazier's funeral home. $50 r. l.
Notice of funeral later.
WINSTEAD. ESTHER NJ. On Saturday,
beloved wife of Fred H. Winstesd, sister
Beth
Services at the Chambers funeral home,
sly 11th st. Sc, on Tuesday. June 10,
at II am. Relatives and friends invited.
Interment Washington National Cemetery.
YATES. HARRY S. On Saturday. Jun.
:. ls4l: at pm. HARRY s YATES Of
brother of DR.. Frederick Yates and Mrs.
Harry D. Sheetz
Interment Utica N Y
WOODWARD. BENJAMIN J. Suddenly.
on Friday June &, 1a41, BENJAMIN j
WOODWARD of 32S5 NJ ST. NV. Remains
resting at 1915 Georgetown rd., Bethesda,
Nd
Funeral services at the Wisconsin Avenu.
Baptist Church. 4lo5 Fessenden st. NV,
Tuesday. June 10, at 10 am. Interment
Virginia
Evening star., 1941-06-09
DR.. FriedenwoId Dies;
On M.U. Faculty 40 Years
By the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
BALTIMORE, June 9.-Dr. Julius
Friedenwald, IA, professor emeritus
of CASTRO -enterology at the Uni
versity of Maryland Medical School
and a member of the faculty there
for more than 40 years, died yester-
day at his home.
A fellow of the American Medical
Association and former president of
the Baltimore Medical Society. DR.
Friedenwald was one of three
brothers whose names have been
closely connected with the medical
school and Mercy Hospital for
nearly half century.
A graduate of Johns Hopkins Uni
versity and the College of Physicians
and Surgeons. DR.. Friedenwald
studied in Berlin, Paris. Vienna and
London. He was a trustee for the
Institute of Advanced Study at
Princeton University, founded by his
cousin, Louis Bamberger Of Newark,
N. j.
Evening star., 1941-06-09
Memorial Rites Honor
EIGHT Missionaries

A special memorial service in trib-
ute to eight missionaries who died in
service during the last year was
held yesterday at the annual con-
vention of the Women's General
Missionary Society of the United
Presbyterian Church. More than
400 delegates took part.
Eulogies were given for the late
Miss Mary A. Lawrence, Miss Phan-
dora Simpson, Prof. Wallace J.
Downs and DR.. M. M. Brown. all of
India; Miss Isabel Hosack, Miss
Anna M McConaughey and DR..
William H. Reed. all of Egypt, and
the Rev. R. Galley Simpson, mission
ary to the Indians at Tampa, Iowa.
Evening star., 1941-06-09
Relief
Continued From First Page.)

to prevent abuse should be availed
of. -
Presidents Recommendations.
The President in a message to
Congress May 20 recommended
elimination of the following: The
ban against employment of aliens:
the discharge of persons on the rolls
for 18 months; the annual review
of each workers status and pro-
hibitions against political activity.
In the latter case, he said, the sec
tions we're unnecessary because OF
the Hatch Act.
Technically, the appropriation
carried s875 100000 for w. P. A. en-
ployment, or enough for an average
of 100000 persons monthly, but
the committee transferred S50,OO0,-
600 to the Agriculture Department
for financing the food stamp plan,
thereby reducing the potential maxi
mum employment.
The committee gave this COM
parison between the 1912 and l94l
bills:
l. Appropriation reduced from ST.
Evening star., 1941-06-09
Culpeper Man Faces
Hearing in SIuying
sI.c,sl nisnatch To The Star

sLrcial Dispatch to The Star.
CULPEPER, Va, June 9.-Alton
Carpenter, 80, lumber firm employe,
was to be given hearing today in
connection with the fatal shooting
early yesterday of Joseph Beasley,
about 35, colored.
Special Officer billiard Petty and
Night Policeman w. w. Carter said
the shooting occurred on the street
here after an argument between the
two men.
Evening star., 1941-06-09

%<A - AAASAA "a INV
Anacostia River.
The youth ap-
parently was in
jured W n | | e
making d dive
into shallow wa
ter. His COM
panions said he
dived, swan for
a few feet, and
then began to
founder. A mem
ber of the party
pulled him to
shore and at
tempted to re-
vive him.
Evening star., 1941-06-09

and announced that the play would
be presented as usual the following
Sunday.
He was fined 81, but the magis-
trate reversed his decision and re-
funded the fine.
Evening star., 1941-06-09
Boy, IS, Dies Of Hurts
After Shallow Dive

John Cooper, IS, of 619 Eleventh
street NE, died early today Of in
juries suffered yesterday while he
was swimming in the Northeast