davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1941-12-18

It was interesting to learn that night
that our President had made his first
fireside chat by real fireplace.
Somehow, 1t made one feel better.
1t tied the portents Of the moment to
the home.
BY ones own fireside, one listened
In the midst of wars alarms, came a
realization of the essential goodness Of
the things for which we battle.
The fireplace is perhaps the Oldest fea-
ture in modern home.
1t is fire controlled, bent to ones will
Often we tend to forget these common
place things. Now times have come upon
us when 1t is good to keep firm mental
hold on the essentials.
We can help keep our minds strong to
meet the crisis by allowing our thoughts,
now and then, to realize fully the good
things we have.
The tendency has been, and is, to over
look the commonplace things, as If
somehow they were not worth consid-
ering.
Conversation fails to take into con-
sideration the sanitary value of the
everyday things. This column has been
talking about them for many years. 1t
is, as it were, a commonplace book, as
such things used to be called, striving to
keep the home minds on an even keel.
The fireside, whether We chat there or
not, is good to look at, even when it is
unlit.
Mostly we do talk there.
And it is likely to be talk which sub
dues the inevitable quirks Of inner fear
which come upon even the strongest
Of us.
There are many fears. The President
once named four of them. But among
the worst are the ones which are thrown
up into our consciousness by the great
subconscious mind, the animal mind In
all of us.
This is the panic mind.
Wholesome refreshment in front OF the
fireplace, with a little honest talk. will
do a great DEAL in such moments as we
can spare, to steady the whole body,
mind and soul Of a person.
-
The old-time writer's knew this. Charles
Dickens, who was and Is perpetually the
Christmas writer for most OF us, always
had roaring fireplaces in his tales.
1t will not do to say that his fireplaces
had nothing else.
1t wasn't only the physical warmth
which he valued. 1t was the essential
cheer, more than that. Today science
has told us just what rays the CLEANS
from the fireplace hold. There Is real
cheer there, because there are some OF
the real rays of the sunshine.
Evening star., 1941-12-18

@. What Is the quotation containing
the line. Lost two golden hours set with,
diamond minutes?"-F. J. C. e
A. The lines from Horace Mann's
"Aphorism" are as follows: Lost, yes
terday, somewhere between sunrise and
sunset, two golden hours, each set with
so diamond minutes. No reward Is Of
fered for they are gone forever"
@. Is 1t colder at the North or the
South Pole?-T. J. B.
A. The temperature is lower at the.
South Pole than at the North Pole due,
no doubt, to the fact that it lies in the
center of a large land mass and at q q.
considerable elevation.
@. How old is Waterloo Bridge7 Is it.
still in use?-T. L. S.
A. The stone Waterloo Bridge IN Lon
don, considered Sir John Rennies'
masterpiece, was completed in 1877. The
demolition of the stone structure was
begun in 1884 to be replaced by a bridge
of five equal arches of 23O feet span, de-
signed by Sir Giles Gilbert Scott. Con-
struction work on the bridge has been
discontinued since the beginning Of the
present war. Another bridge near 1t is
being used.
O. What fort Is star -shaped?-E. D.
A. Fort McHenry at Baltimore, Nd.
where The Star Spangled Banner" was
written, is star shaped.
@. Does an alien have to notify the
Government If he changes his address?-
c. R.
A. An alien who is a permanent resi-,
dent of the United States must submit
a change of address card (Which may be
obtained at any post ONCE within five
days Of his change of address. and mail
1t to the immigration and Naturalization
Service. Department Of Justice. An alien
who is not permanent resident of the
United States must send such card
every three months whether he has
changed his address or not.
O. When was the earthquake in
Charleston. S. CIV. NJ. H.
A. The Charleston earthquake oc.
CURED on August 81, 1886. killing Al
persons and causing a property loss Of
S5o0o,0O0.
@. How long have the Golden Gloves
Tournaments been held?-A. L.R.
A. The Golden Gloves Tournament for
amateur boxers was started in New York
in 1927 to stimulate amateur boxing
among boys and young men. i,
O. What is the population OF Great
Britain?-H. T. E.
A. Great Britains population is esti-
mated at 46,750,000.
@. Please give the dates Of the racing
season at Santa Anita Park, Los Angeles.
H. ]. B.
A. The races will be held from De.
cember 81 to March Is.
Evening star., 1941-12-18
Rent Administration

- Inc commissioners nave SclcCIcu
as District Rent Administrator
native Washingtonian whose long
record as a lawyer, as an aide to
several Supreme Court justices and
as a public-spirited citizen should
serve him in good stead in the diff
cult undertaking which lies ahead.
Robert F. Cogswell has been well
and favorably known in court circles
here for many years, having been at
various times assistant clerk Of the
United States Supreme Court, secre-
tary or law clerk to three justices of
that court and practicing attorney.
Those who know him say he Is en-
dowed not only with executive abil-
ity but with the judicial tempera-
ment" that is held to be desirable in
one who is to hold a quasi-judicial
post Of the type to which he has been
appointed.
District Commissioner Mason spoke
with a sincerity born Of his own rent
fixing experiences when he told re-
porters that Mr.. Cogswell faces "a
tough job" When Mr.. Mason served
as a rent commissioner after the first
World War, however, he and his COL
leagues on the 1ll-starred District
Rent Commission were handicapped
by an impracticable law that called
for endless Investigations, hearings
and red tape. Mr.. Cogswell will
benefit from the lessons learned dur
ing the post-World War experiment.
He will administer a law which, on
the whole, represents a simple and
intelligent approach to the problem
Of rent fixing. In passing this law,
Congress made it plain that 1t wished
to avoid the ponderous machinery of
the old Ball Act. The new admin
strator will have broad powers, in
cluding the adjustment upward or
downward Of rents he deems to be
out OF line with prevailing rents
charged for comparable living quar-
ters. Under an ill-advised amend
ment tackled onto the rent bill at
the last moment, he could exercise
even greater powers to the extent
Of lowering rents below the frozen
level Of January l last-authority
having been granted to use any
formula or method he might choose
in arriving at such reduction. 1t
will take a strong administrator to
resist pressure which may be ex-
erted to induce him to make use Of
these wider powers, an indiscrimi-
nate application of which conceiv-
ably could involve him in rent-fixing
activities Of the sort that begged
down the old rent commission.
Fortunately, Mr.. Cogswell was here
In those days and could see for him
self how impracticable the earlier
procedures were. He may be ex-
pected, therefore, to steer clear of
such pitfalls. Even so, his burdens
will be heavy and his responsibilities
large. He deserves the fullest CO.
operation Of the public in his efforts
to measure up to the important task
imposed upon him.
Evening star., 1941-12-18
Pictures

Humanity, it seems, is eye-minded.
A teacher of design once summarized
an obvious truth concerning educa-
ton when he said: Draw and the
child draws with you, talk and you
talk alone" The philosophy repre-
sented by that epigram was demon
strated in the photographs from
Hawaii printed in The Star yester-
day. Language however eloquent
could not tell with such dramatic
effect the story OF what happened
at Pearl Harbor, at Hickam Field
and in the city of Honolulu on Sum-
day morning, December 7. The utter
savagery of the Japanese attack Is
proved by the pictorial record OF the
results of their treacherous assault.
But something more is indicated
by Japan's perfidiousness and ruth
lessness. The photographs reproduced
in yesterdays paper were reminiscent
Of another series of views published
fifteen years ago. On shelf in The
Star library there stands a ponder
GUS tome entitled: "The Great Earth
quake Of 1928" issued by the Bureau
Of Social Affairs at Toxic In 1926.
The book contains 615 pages OF text
and illustrations, prepared by i'm
perial authority. Captions applied
to the pictures include: Street Scene
About Nihombashi Bridge After the
Disaster" Ruins Of the Ginza-the
Appalling Sight Of the Street Reduced
70 Ashes BY the Condagratons," I"
Evening star., 1941-12-18

to put an end to obstructive rivalry"
with the c. I. Ga rivalry which has
been q prolific cause of labor dis
putes-and the reiteration by the
A. F. Of L. Of its "no-strike" policy
during the emergency period. This
latter policy, as explained by Presi-
dent William Green, rests on the
clear understanding that an Axis
victory would mean the destruction
Of trade unions and of the right to
strike at any time. Thus, he said,
when "the Government, in time of
war, asks us voluntarily to forego
the right to strike, we say Yes We
are doing that for the purpose of
winning the greatest strike in the
history of the world-the strike
against totalitarianiSm."
1t is not to be expected, of course,
that a dozen industrialists and a
dozen labor leaders, meeting in
Washington, can announce them
selves as opposed to strikes in time
of war and thereby automatically
put an end to them. Disputes in
evitably will arise and mutually ac-
ceptable machinery must be devised
for settling them without work stop
pages. 1t is to be expected, however,
that the men now assembled here
can work out a formula for settling
these disputes, assuming the exist
ence Of a clear appreciation of the
danger to the Nation and full
understanding of the absolute neces-
sity Of making every minute, every
man and every machine count in
turning out the tools of war. Hap
PLY. the delegates to the conference
give every indication Of being fully
aware Of these facts.
Evening star., 1941-12-18
Says Aid to Russia
Should Continue.

To the Editor OF The star:
A lot of people are finding 1t very
difficult to understand why Russia has
not declared war on Japan. They seek
an answer in the 'enigmatical oriental
mind of the Russian in Russia's record
for duplicity during the early phases OF
the war, and hint darkly Of Soviet
sell-out. They suggest therefore that
we should cut off Lease-Lend help to
Russia until she proves good faith by
declaring war on Japan.
All of which borders on the absurd.
First, the most obvious and logical
reason for Russia's reluctance to take
on the Japs at the moment is that she
has land boundaries with both Germany
and Japan (Manchukuo), and therefore
is subject to large-scale attack by them
both On the other hand, neither Great
Britain nor the United States has land
boundaries with either Germany or
Japan. All of which adds up to the fact
that Russia, not the United States and
Britain, would be forced to bear the brunt
Of the Jap onslaught, just as she has
that Of the Germans. 1t Is conceivable
that this would be too big load for her
to carry. and in any case not one to be
taken on lightly.
Second, the notion that Russia may
doublecross us by making separate
peace with Hitler seems wildly unrealis-
tic, If for no other reason than that
nation which has had the stamina and
fortitude to sustain losses of several
million men and untold wealth will not
conclude an easy peace.
Third, the conclusion that we should
cut of Lend-Lease aid to Russia strikes
me as the very height of folly. Such
action might lead to German victory In
Russia and capture Of the Caucasian oil
fields. Germany would then be infinitely
harder for u to defeat than . Germany
hemmed m BY Lend-Lease-bolstered
Evening star., 1941-12-18
Hoskin's Answers
To Questions
Bu Frederic J. Hdskin.


reader can get the ansUer to any
question of fact by tprtting The Epe-
nino Star Information Bureau, Fred
eric J. Haskin, director, Washington.
d c. Please inclose stamp for reply.
@. How many persons in the United
States are as old as 65 or older2-J. G. L.
A. According to preliminary figures.
there were s95e,206 persons 65 years and
oyer in 1910.
@. Please give the seating capacity OF
the Cotton Bowl at Dallas, Tex-M. H. B.
A. The stadium accommodates $4,000.
@. How much do women spend for
cosmetics and beauty treatment1?--E.
oh.
A. The average woman spends SIS
year for this purpose. The total annual
expenditure In the United States Is
$500, 100000.
Q. What is the salary Of the Vice
President?-R. @.
A. The Vice President Of the United
States receives salary of $4,000 year.
@. Does a crows tongue have to be
slit to teach it to talk9-C. M. C.
A. Contrary to popular opinion, the
tongue need not be slit. Birds produce
vocal sounds within the body from the
syrinx.
O. Why Is Christmas, Fla, so called?-
W. NJ. j.
A. 1t is named for the old Fort Christ
mas which was erected during the Semi
mole War in 1835-1842.
Evening star., 1941-12-18
Canadian-Born American
Proud to Serve L. S.

To the Editor of The Star:
For the past week we have all been
called upon to examine and estimate
ourselves as patriots and Americans
With this in mind, 1t has occurred to me
to say a few words regarding my posi-
ton as an American.
am Canadian-born Of English par
entage. Since child, have been taught
to honor at all times the country of my
birth, but to remember that this was
my new, great land and claimed all my
allegiance. These words have always
rung in my ears. have received all the
benefits of public education here. in
grammar, high school and college.
have worked here, for years in one OF
our largest national organizations and
now for the United States Government.
I have married here, to man whose own
family has been in this country over
100 years.
And when the President of our coun-
try asked for the cooperation of all
Americans, for their sacrifice-no. their
privilege-in supporting this great Ma
ton, what reaction did it have upon
me? Strangely enough, 1t was one OF
humility What small thing had I to
sacrifice that the freedom-loving peoples
of Europe had not sacrificed hundred
fold for the past two years and more?
Buy more Defense bonds? Do without
household implements or time-saving
luxuries? Give my spare time to train
for first-aid and rescue work? will not
have to be hungry, though. We have
ample food in this country, not only for
ourselves. but sufficient for other ma
tions as well. I can be pretty certain
I will have shelter all of the time. I
will have clothing and protection, the
protection that a country like this can
give its citizens. How little I, as one
individual, have been asked to contribute
for the happy hours and days and years
of living in this country!
MRS. MARJORIE KRAMPE.
Evening star., 1941-12-18
Shuke-Up at Hawaii

The Shake-up at Hawaii, involving
the replacement of the ranking fleet,
Army and air officers in that area,
seems to preSage a change not only
in men but also in method of defend
ing that vital outpost.
Those relieved of their commands
are Admiral Husband E. Kimmel,
commander In chief of the fleet;
Lieutenant General Walter c. Short,
commander Of the Hawaiian Depart
ment of the Army, and Major General
Frederick L. Martin, commander OF
the Hawaiian air forces under Cen
eral Short. Rear Admiral Chester
w. Nimitz has been named to replace
Admiral Kimmel as commander Of
the Pacific Fleet. Named to replace
General Short is Lieutenant General
Delos c. Emmons, commander Of the
Army Air Force Combat Command,
while Brigadier General Clarence L.
Tinker, commander of the Third In
terceptor Command, Third Air Force,
relieves General Martin as Hawaiian
air commander.
This drastic shifting Of men should
not come as surprise. On the con-
trary, some change in command vir-
tually became inevitable after Secre-
tary Of the Navy Knox reported that
neither Army nor Navy forces were
on the alert when the Japanese
attacked Pearl Harbor on December
7. and in view Of the Presidents
appointment of board of inquiry to
sift all the facts Of this disaster. In
the interest Of morale, If for no other
reason, a change Of command was
indicated. But there is also the
further consideration, as pointed out
by Secretary of War Stimson, that
the direction of the vital campaign
In the Pacific could not well be left
to men who were also to be the
central figures in the exhaustive
investigation to be made by the
Presidents board of inquiry. 1t
remains to be seen what the findings
of this board will be, and until they
are made public it would be well to
suspend judgment of the individuals
who have been relieved Of their
commands.
Regardless of the findings Of the
board Of inquiry. however, 1t seems
clear that one Of the shifts in COM
mand-the designation Of General
Emmons as supreme Army COM
mander at Hawaii-is to be the fore
runner of a new emphasis on air
power in the battle Of the Pacific.
General Emmons' career has been
spent with the air force. The man
whom he succeeds, General Short,
has served with the infantry during
most of his forty years in the
Army. Thus, with this change in
command, the older services from
the standpoint Of supreme command
have given way to the air arm in two
vital areas-at Hawaii and in the
Panama and Caribbean defense
zone, where Major General Frank M.
Andrews, an air officer, is In COM
mand of all air elements, coast de-
fenses and ground troops.
Just what this portends for the
future is far from clear. Possibly
too much significance will be read
into General Emmons' advancement.
But at this time it is pertinent to re-
member that most military experts
believe air power will play decisive
role in shaping the outcome of the
war in the Pacific, and the fact that
the President has seen fit at this
critical time to place an air officer
In the top command at Hawaii GER
tainly lends substance to this belief.
Evening star., 1941-12-18

The director of the C. C. C. says
that his enrollees are already 70 per
cent soldier. Remember the jitters
lest the boys be "unduly militarized"
when the corps was first established?
One hundred per cent would be even
hot*a4.
Evening star., 1941-12-18

Household Budget Booklet, 1872
Just off the press. This practical
booklet has many new features
which are timely, such as a chap
ter on taxes, dividing the food dol
lar-designed to help you cope with
the increased financial burdens of
1912, and with the daily increase in
food prices. Budget tables, ac-
counting pages, and detailed facts
that all can understand are in
cluded in this publication. Make
your financial plans for 1912 now.
To secure your copy inclose 10 cents
in coin, wrapped in this clipping.
and mail to The Star Information
Bureau.
Name
Address
Evening star., 1941-12-18
etters to the Editor

Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address OF
the ,Uriter, although the use OF
q pSeudonynl for publication is
per7nisSible. The Star reserves
the right to edit all letters 1Uith
q UieU to condensation.
Evening star., 1941-12-18

Russia. Unless our chief objective in
this war Is for our soldiers to do all the
fighting, We don't want any part OF
such a scheme. For the moment, at
least, let us trust Russia. This policy
has worked, wonders with South Amer
lea. when all else failed, and it may
well prove fruitful with Russia. r. r.
Evening star., 1941-12-18
Star Spangied Banner
Hard to Sing, They Assert.

To the Editor of The Star:
Regarding Blaise Hospodar's IN
ouiry as to why Americans fail to sing
the beautiful National Anthem, the
reason is quite clear. The average
American can't sing it. When our Con-
gress selected The Star Spangled Ban
ner'' as our national anthem. 1t 1aleo
to supply US with voices that can soar
up, up like the lark and then drop Gown
In the cradle of the deep. It requires a
voice with register OF a lyric soprano
and a basso profundo to do our anthem
Justice. When we stand as the oano
plays the Star Spangled Banner We
have in our hearts deep and loyal love
for our blessed land; but we know we
can honor it best by keeping our mouths
shut.
Just let the band strike up MY Coun-
trv. it's of Thee" or America, the Beau
tiful." or God Bless America" and hear
us make the welkin ring! S. F. N.
To the Editor of The Star:
In answer to Mr.. Hospodar's recent
inquiry as to why Americans fall to sing
their national anthem. it is not because
they lack patriotism. but because 1t Is
difficult for most people to carry the
high notes and partly because it keeps
alive the foolish resentment some people
feel toward the brave, God-fearing
English people.
Why did Congress adopt our present
national anthem when America" song
that has resounded in our school houses
and public gatherings for many years,
with its beautiful words so appropriately
descriptive of our gorgeous country and
with a tune, readily carried by any one.
would be welcomed as our national
anthem and sung Justify by all tolerant
Americans and, as old Abe would put
1t with malice toward none"
T p p
Evening star., 1941-12-18
Member Of the Associated Press

Entered as second-class matter post once.
Washington, D. c.
Evening star., 1941-12-18

Rate by Mail-Payable in Advance.
Daily and Sunday----1 yr, S12.00: mo-. ST. 90
Daily only yr. $500; ! mo-. 75c
Sunday only y--1 yr. $500; mo-, Soc
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1941-05-10
SUBJECTS VARIED FOR
CHILD STUDY CIRQUE

South Superior, Mich, May 10
Gale School Child Study Group met
with Mrs. Rachel Hickman We'd
nesday with 10 members present.
Mrs. Dan Bogardus' subject was
My Boy at Seventeen, bringing
out the necessity OF careful atten-
ton to the needs in a social way
of teen age boys, a pleasant home,
interest of parents in both his
pleasures and ambitions and espe-
cially the companionship of the
father and his friends TO set an
example. An article was read by
Mrs. Mabel Hiscock on Can Par
ents Mold Personality" in which
good health, cooperative play,
varied associations with others, de-
privations, the child earning at
least some OF his allowance and
learning to do disagreeable things
while young was stressed to assist
in making an engaging PERSONAL
ty. Mrs. Addie Davis gave a paper
on "Bedspread Bonanza teffing
how New England settlers started
the making of tufted spreads in
1850 and reached the heighth in
1850. The custom faded out, TO
be revived again more recently
by Mrs. Catherine Evans. Dalton.
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1941-05-10
AVIATION

Insurance men. and others. are
fascinated by an Insurance policy
on a Douglas bomber weighing so
tens and costing 100000. The
premium on that policy IS $4,000.
paid 70 d syndicate OF insurance
firms. and the policy Is good for
JUST one minute.
The chances Of the ship staying
aloft that long are reckoned about
10 20 one After the crucial min
ute. the premium rate will drop
10 $4,000 an hour. which still
seems Bit expensive.
II doesn't sound very encour-
aging Most L'ople not in the in
surance business would probably
allow IL better chance. The
building Of airships isn't the reck-
less gamble Il used to be.
But imagination runs back to
that tremendous weight Who
would have dreamed. when Lind
bergh flew the Atlantic in his
little craft hardly big enough for
him 20 crawl in and fold up his
legs that in little more than a
dozen years so huge an airplane
would be produced. 20 fly swift
and far. with scores OF passengers
or carload OF bombs?
Il seems almost as n freight
train we're 10 put forth wings and
take 10 the upper al