davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Phoenix index., 1941-04-19
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MANY HOURS OF. DISCUSSION

I sat and listened for two nights and day to
discussion. Thousands of words were spoken.
heard several state officials speak. They CHANGED to
be in the city because the white teachers were meet
ing there at the same time
All of their addresses bore a remarkable slml
larity All confessed that something should be done
about the salary dfferentals, but they all agreed
to man that important issues faced the teach
ers. Money wasn't everything the general theme
eXpounded Service to humanity, ETC., should be the
first consideration Negro teachers were told
And after the white officials outlined the hymn
of "do-nothingness' they left behind whole corps
Of appeasers to sing the chorus They got up on the
floor Friday afternoon and very nearly succeeded in
having the whole thing tabled until way up in 1945
The Phoenix index., 1941-04-19

Flight training of flying cadets
in the army air corps consists OF
elementary, basic, and advanced.
Each phase extends over approx
mately ten weeks. Applicants pass
ing the physical and educational
examinations and who are assigned
Ito training are first given a five
weeks initiation period prior to
flight training. During this period
he is equipped with uniform, flying
suit, mechanics suit, ETC., neces-
Sary to flight training. Immedi-
ately upon acceptance the cadet re-
received $75 per month pay plus
allowance for board and lodging
At the conclusion of the intro
ductory five weeks period, the
cadet is assigned to a Civil Ad-
vanced Flying School having army
contract for elementary training OF
army cadets.
First ranking reason for elimi-
nation would be inability to per-
form flight maneuvers up to re-
quired standard. Cadets eliminated
are subject to further cadet train
ing for phases of air corps opera
tions having to do with ground
services and functions.
The sixty per cent graduating
from the elementary training
course at the civil advanced flying
school are then transferred to an
army air corps base for ten weeks
Of basic training.
Upon graduation from the ad-
vanced course, the cadet is COM
niSsioned as a End Lieutenant and
placed on reserve or Is assigned for
active duty in an air corps unit.
Owing to the present defense pro-
gram, practically all such gradu-
ates are placed in active service.
Applicants for flying cadet train
ing must pass a rigid physical
examination and an educational
examination. In cases of the edu-
cational examination, those appli-
cantS who can present to the eX-
amining board acceptable evidence
of at least two full years of COL
lege or university are not requir-
ed to undergo the educational
examination.
All applicants must present birth
certificates: If this cannot pe Sc
cured, a certifying statement made
out by parents or guardians or
special form and notarized will be
years of age must submit written
accepted. Applicants under Il
permission of parents Or guardian
to enlist for such training.
All applicants must be unmar-
ried and none will be accepted who
have exceeded, their 9th tnrthday
Application is made through the
corps area headquarters for the
state in which the applicant re-
sides. Applicants need not have
had previous flight training though
same does not bar the appllcan
from entering the elementar!
course.
In order to provide equal oppor
tunities for training of Negr
! youth as cadets, a civil elementar!
Army training facility will be pro
The Phoenix index., 1941-04-19
Land-Loving Georgians Being
llp-Rooted By Expanding Army

MANY of them have been able
to believe only with the greatest
difficulty what they have always
looked to be as the bedrock Of their
security is about to be swept away
from beneath them Not until the
army searchlights at Camp Stew
art began to pierce the evening SKY
did many Of these families realize
that the whole thing was real, that
they would really have to get off
their land and leave their home to
the mercy of their nations soldiers.
When they did realize it, they ac-
cepted the fact with resignation.
You can't rare up against the
Guv'ment,' one cheerful old lady
said.
IN this particular section of
Georgia, three counties are par
ticularly involved, Liberty, Bryan
and Long counties, but the Georgia
problem is only one of many which
the army and the war department
are creating in other sections of
the country. However, in the south,
where farms are at premium,
the situation grows more and more
acute with each increase in the
army cantOnmentS and with each
expansion for. military needs.
The Phoenix index., 1941-04-19

Our first impression was puzzle
ment over why so few teachers at
tend. This session was heralded as
the most important in the associa-
TONS history. Three things which
have plagued Negro education in
Georgia and other Southern States
for 10 these many years Was to be
acted on.
The Phoenix index., 1941-04-19
Soil Which Raised Families
For Four Generations 7 Taken

: WASHINGTON, D. C-(ANP) - Who is responsible
for the rehab ation of the hundreds of farm families be
ing removed which the department Is tax
mo over for camps At one time, there merry argu-
ment going with the war department telling the depart
ent of agriculture keep it's hands off, the affair was
strictly War Department business Now the shoe seems to
he on the other foot especially in like that adjacent
10 HnesviIe Ca where the army IS taking over 36OOOO
acres of farm land for antiaiTcraft camp
The Phoenix index., 1941-04-19
THE DIE IS CAST

AUGUSTA Ga.-During the past weekend TINS
writer was an interested observer during the twenty
first annual session of the Georgia Teachers and Ed
ucatonal Association which convened in the beautl-
full George T. Walker school in this historic old CITY
The Phoenix index., 1941-04-19

Italy's annual production Of elec-
trio energy has been estimated ct
from II to 18 billion kiloWattS,
which will be increased by five bill
lions.
The Phoenix index., 1941-04-19

WASHINGTON. D. C. = (SNS)-
Sidney Hillman, Associate Director
of the Office Of Production Man
agement, Monday announced ap-
pointment Of James c. Evans, d1-
rector Of Trade and Technical Ed
ucation at West Virginia State
College, as Vocational Training
The Phoenix index., 1941-04-19

ers for maintenance Of aircraft.
Three distinct aviation training
facilities, therefore, will be center
ed about TuSkegee Institute-the
99th Squadron Training Base at
Fort Davis just outside Of Tuske-
gee, the Tuskegee Institute Ele-
mentary Army training unit at
Tuskegee, and the Civilian Pilot
Training programs as the existing
Tuskegee Airport. The 99th Squad
ron Base is a strictly Army set
I'D
The Phoenix index., 1941-04-19
YOUR UNBORN SKIN
IS FAIRER, SMOOTHER
Help Bring II Out
Quicker This Easy WoY

I Dr.. FRED Palmer knew that the unborn
skin was fairer. smoother. brighter and love-
lier That's why he prepared for his patrons
DR.. FRED DPalmer's Skin Whitener to- used
as directed to help speed up Natures flax
ing off process and bring out smoother. fair
er, brighter. lovelier underskin.
You owe it to yourself - start todaY-the
Dr.. FRED Palmer's waY-25c at druggists
everywhere. Money back if not pleased.
.The under layer Of skin-awaiting to be brought
out by Natures taking of process tEyroliation'.
Evening star., 1941-04-07
Mr.. Knudsen's Worninq

William S. knudSen'S latest COM
ment on defense strikes is significant
primarily because it presents for the
first time an official warning that the
entire defense program Is threatened
by shutdowns in vital industries.
Heretofore, generally speaking, Of
fetal efforts have been directed
toward minimizing the extent and
importance of the strike evil. But
Mr.. Knudsen now bluntly informs
the Nation that the defense program
will fail unless 80 per cent OF the
strikes are eliminated. And this
warning comes at the end of month
which brought a marked increase In
the number and scope of defense
strikes.
In discussing possible correctives,
Mr.. Knudsen reiterated his opposi-
ton to anti-strike legislation, which
he said was neither necessary nor
enforceable. AS one alternative ap-
proach to the problem, however. he
suggested that strike votes be taken
under the supervision of the Laboy
Department, that a certain minimum
time be allowed for sitting of dis
pute by both the Cancellation Service
and the Mediation Board, and that
prospective strikers be required to
observe cooling-off period between
the time of publishing the boards
findings and the actual beginning of
tie strike. This procedure would
have two advantages the in
Suring of honest strike votes, and,
second, the granting to the Concilia-
alton Service and the Mediation
Board of an opportunity to adjust
disputes before rather than after
strikes have started.
Since this fair and reasonable pro-
posal was advanced there have been
evidences of improvement in the
strike picture. The Allis-C Chalmers
strike-fraudulently called and al
legedly under Communist leadership
has been tentatively settled. From
present indications, the soft coal
strike will be settled today or tomor-
row, and there Is at least a strong
possibility that the shutdown sched-
uled to begin tomorrow at United
States Steel will be averted.
This improvement in the picture,
which tends to support the President
in his policy of exhausting all ave-
nues of conciliation before resorting
to compulsory action, will be well
coined on all sides. Mr.. KnudSen's
goal Of 90 per cent elimination Of
strikes is still far from realization,
however. and there can be no basis
for complacency unless it Is achieved
and achieved soon.
Evening star., 1941-04-07
Ethiopia Released

Overshadowed by news of the OPEN
ing of another phase of the second
World War in the Balkans, yester-
days report of the seizure of Adds
Ababa by British and South African
troops may not have been appraised
at its full value Immediately. In point
of fact, however, the significance Of
the collapse of italian power in Ethi-
opia is vastly important. The ancient
empire of Abyssinia has been vir-
tually released from the Fascist
armies which seized it in 1886. In
evitably, this means injury to the
prestige of II Duce and his partner,
the German Nazi leader. The morale
of the people whose affairs Mussolini
so tragically has mismanaged also
has been hurt.
Ethiopian land in area approx
mating three hundred and fifty thou
sand square miles and a population
estimated at about eight million have
passed from italian dominion into
the guardianship of England. Halle
Selassie, who once pleaded his case
before the League of Nations in vain,
now seemed assured of restoration
to the throne which once appeared
lost forever. 1t Is a curious paradox
that his country has been enriched
by the Italians while it remained
in their control They built the high
ways and the railroad tracks over
which freedom returned to the lofty
plateaus of East Africa.
But the fate of Ethiopia cannot be
said to have been finally decided so
long as the struggle between Ger
many and Britain continues. II Hit
Ter should achieve a definitive victory,
it would be natural for Italy to
profit by the circumstance. Thus
Abyssinia again might change hands,
Such a consummation, of course,
Evening star., 1941-04-07

mination to cooperate in the ma
tional defense program
Roofers struck on four hundred
buildings at Odenton and Edgewood
to enforce their demand for work
performed by carpenters, and threat
ened to bring out twenty other unions
and extend the stoppage to jobs at
Havre de Grace and Aberdeen.
Spokesman for the allied labor
groups have announced, however,
that they are maintaining hands
off policy and the rest of the work in
connection with the projects prom
ises to proceed uninterruptedly while
efforts are made to adjust the griev-
ance of the roofers.
The strikers laid the trouble at the
door of A. F. of L. officials who, they
say, ignored the procedure prescribed
for such cases, and refused to permit
the national referee to decide wheth-
er roofers or carpenters were entitled
to the work in controversy. The
public has neither the means nor the
inclination to judge the merits of
this contention, but it has no pa
tience with this form of industrial
warfare, particularly when the Gov
ernment is the sufferer.
The unions which in this instance
have refused to become embroiled in
a fight they had no part in making
are following an eminently proper
course which should serve as a desir-
able precedent for those who may be
placed in like position.
Evening star., 1941-04-07
A Proper Course

The seeming collapse of the threat
ened general strike of building
tradesmen on defense housing prof.
ects in Maryland because of dispute
between roofers and carpenters is a
healthful sign, marking as it does a
departure from the too-prevalent
practice in such cases of permitting
selfish rivalry between two unions to
be translated into suspension OF
work.
Significantly, this development
follows shortly after the declaration
of the Executive Council of the Amer
lean Federation of Labor Building
Trades Department banning tie-ups
on defense projects because, of juris-
dictional rows, as evidence of the
departments good faith and deter
Evening star., 1941-04-07
This Spring

This year, behind small pdnes Of
shielding glass
That dulls its beauty, shall match
spring pass.
1t is too cruelty soon, too close to
grief,
To match the miracle OF bud and
leaf;
To see green trailing scarts, pale
petaled stars,
RemoUe all trace of ,0inter's jagged
scars.
cannot 90 abroad, uhiIe I still
mourn
For one just gone, who matched gay
springs return
Year after year NTH me; whose lips
and eyes
GlolDed NTH my opn to Welcome
bIue-gold skies.
1t Is too soon to laugh; I cannot run,
Breathless and gay, NTH Wtnd and
tide and sun;
From purple Hlacs, moist NTH
scented rain
My gaze must quickly turn shall
remain
Far from an orchard 1Chere redbird
sings.
Last April you and I shared all these
things!
This year, to loneliness spring must
oiue place
cdnnot-dnre not-meet II face 30
tdcel KATHERINE EDELMAN.
Evening star., 1941-04-07
THIS AND THAT
By Charles Z. Trdcetcell.

of experience extending over the CEN
turies.
The theory of bird song. In some ex-
sing not only for loves sake, but even
more as warning to other birds to stay
away.
The song is sort of musical horn,
giving clear warning to other birds,
especially of the same species, to keep
out of hearing.
n
Bird feeding stations are best re-
moved, at this time, just before the big
raking of the lawn takes place.
First the feeding box and it's supports
are taken down and cleaned, or even re-
painted, in readiness for fall It might
as well be done now, and it permits the
fresh paint smell to evaporate completely
by next autumn
Then the husks and uneaten seeds are
swept up all around the patch.
Often the householder will be amazed
at the amount of husks he removes
Sometimes it will run into several BUSH
els. Several, of course, means three or
more.
Underneath will be found nothing but
fresh earth.
Next in order comes the reseeding of
the spot This is best done on calm
day. and as a part of the general re-
seeding of other and smaller bare spots
in the yard.
1t is true that, in most cases, these
spots will fill in as the season advances.
Nature takes care of that. But at the
: same time there is always something to
be said for sowing new grass seed sew
eral times year. Most yards are not
good enough to depend solely on nature.
Sparrows will eat some of the grass
seed put in, but this is to be expected.
The solution is to SOW more thickly than
most people do. Skimpy sowing of grass
seed is real fault.
Then a small feeding station should
be established at some other point in
the yard, as far away as possible, in
order that such birds as remain in the
spring shall have a good point to fire.
quent. This will keep them away from
the seeded areas, at least to certain
extent.
The one feeding station established for
the spring and summer is best put on
the ground
Fledglings are more easily coaxed by
their parents to such a station.
Sunf1ower seed is the best food to use.
AS summer comes around, handfuls of
ground beef may be put out. as a real
help to the parent birds in feeding hun
CRY mouths
Care should be taken to have several
drinking pans around, but even greater
care should be taken to see that the
water is not more than 2 inches, pre-
ferably l inch deep, as fledglings are
very easily drowned, in their inexperi-
ence.
Care also must be taken, at fedgling
time, to keep marauding animals, in
cluding cats and dogs, as well as such
birds as the grackles and Jays, from en-
dangering the young birds when they
are led to the feeding station and drink
ing pans,
Evening star., 1941-04-07

The dual character of life is well
known.
There are two eyes, two ears, two nos
trils, etc.
If the right knee is injured, there is
likely to arise swelling of some sort on
the left. An imperfection on the left
side of the face usually brings one to
the right.
The day has its two twilights, dawn
and dusk. The very name, twilight,
means two-light.
In the garden, there are two particu-
lar periods known to all enthusiasts as
times of perfection.
These are leaf-raking times, in early
spring and in the autumn.
Spring raking is complicated in some
enthusiastic bird feeders.
Something special must be done for
that big bare patch made in the grass by
the scores of restless feet at the bird
feeding stations.
1t is an amazing and almost unbeliev-
able thing, how many square feet of
lawn around feeding station can be
trampled completely out.
Schoolboy feet could do it no better.
To look at a birds claws, you would
not think there was enough material
there to harm grass, even when it was
multiplied by scores and hundreds, over
the days.
Six months of uninterrupted feeding
however, will kill out the grass for a
space to feet in diameter all around
an active feeding station.
BY active is meant a station where at
least 30 to so pounds of mixed seed and
grain are put out per week.
Few birds, few pounds; many birds
many pounds.
1t is partly question of how many
creatures are welcome.
These bare patches might we'll be
called tolerance spots, since they tell
how many creatures are welcomed
heartily.
Persons who spend their time driving
away unwanted pigeons, squirrels, star
lings, and even English sparrows, will
not use so much seed each week.
The larger the spot, the more active
the tolerance of the person who foots
the bill. 1t means that he or she is will
ing, having established a free lunch
counter, to let it be just that
All the creatures which come are vel
coined, not always without grumbling
1t is true, for there are times when one
wishes the pigeons would stay away.
The question is how best to treat the
bare spots, when spring comes along
and the demand for seed is lessened.
The real enthusiast will keep at least
one feeding station going all spring anc
summer. In other words, he will feec
the year around
Even he, however, will clean up most
Of his feeding stations.
The birds no longer need them.
Nesting brings special problems to tht
bird population. Just a few, compare.
lively speaking, nest in any one locality
A given territory supports only enough
worms and insects to feed few families
This is known to all birds, as the result
Evening star., 1941-04-07
Overweiqht Larceny

From time to time the press has
carried reports of theft on a grand
scale. A linotype machine was taken
from printing office, Civil War
cannon from a park, and a large
dock from lake. No less than two
bridges were removed, one weighing
fifty tons and the other described as
sixty feet long In Hamilton, On
tario, an entire house disappeared in
sections.
In this relatively new field of GRIM
inal activity known as overweight
larceny, there is nothing Standard
lied and almost any one who tries
his hand at it is pretty sure to make
some kind of a record. Offhand, it
would seem that the main require
ments are a fertile imagination, the
luck of the devil, unbounded opti-
mism, the same amount of crust, and
the iron muscles of youth. Events
now show that the last requirement
is not necessary. A ninety-Seven-
year-old man in Brooklyn is charged
with lifting a three-ton paper-cut-
ting device from machine shop and
moving it to his home, for reasons
best known to the old cut-up him.
self. 1t may all work out for the
best He has already had the fore
sight to serve three previous terms at
Sing Sing for other less spectacular
enterprises, and If the prosecutor is
right in his claim, his conviction this
time should settle the problem of
what to do in his old age.
Evening star., 1941-04-07

membership and the chance to work.
We had a similar epidemic of strikes
following the enactment of the National
Labor Relations Act and its one-sided
administration
These show that wage earners are just
as selfish and unscrUpulous, just as ready
to abuse their powers and to exploit
emergencies for their own ends as en-
ployers ever were. They show no con-
sideration for the taxpayer, the consumer
or the general public. Even national Sc
curity is ignored. And if any one would
argue that this is chiefly the work of
few Communist labor leaders, let him
explain why the members of the union
accept and follow such leadership. The
leaders alone cannot produce a strike.
The present labor strife is the logical
outcome of the Governments labor pol
Icy. 1t should be lesson to our poll
ticians that government which PLAYS
favorites and incites one group against
another merely prepares trouble for it.
self and may even endanger its own ex-
istence. EDW. WOLESFNSKY
Arlington, Va.
Evening star., 1941-04-07

@. Is there memorial to Marconi al
Washington. D. C.?-C. F. S.
A. A memorial to the great inventor
will soon be erected in this city The
Fine Arts Commission and National Park
Service have accepted design by the
sculptor Attilio Piccirilli. 1t will consist
of bust of Marconi topping pedestal
about feet high. A larger pedestal. 13
feet inches high, will be surmounted by
a bronze figure symbolizing electricity.
O. What is a mas?-C. D. r.
A. II is an Italian torpedo boat. Mas
is an abbreviation of motoscaf anti
sommergibili (anti-submarine motor tor
pedo boaD These boats are powered by
engines that generate 5000 horsepower
and have speed of "a knots. The smaller
types are faster.
@. Please give the dates Of the be-
ginning of the seasons this year.-E.
T. H
A. Spring began on March 90; summer
will begin on June 81; autumn, Septem-
Der %; winter, December D.
O. When was the Erie Canal opened?-
T. G. R.
A. The Erie Canal was opened on Oc-
tober 26. 1925, and the system made free
on January l, 1883.
@. How far away can cannon fire be
heard?-N. G. A.
A. Continual cannon fire has been
heard 100 miles away, and somewhat
doubtfully as far as 300 miles.
O. When did E. H. Sothern. the famous
Shakespearean actor, die?-F. H.
A. E. H. Sothern died October %, 1893.
His body was cremated and his ashes
taken to England.
@. Who said Bring me men to match
my mountain" ID. P.
A. This is the opening line Of The
Coming American" by Samuel w. Foss.
O. Who invented the pneumatic tiref
w. B.
A. j. N. Dunlop of Ireland is credited
with the introduction Of the pneumatic
tire in 1888.
= Q, Does the ermine change COLOR
P. R. L.
A. The fur of the ermine. species Of
weasel, is redish brown above and white
beneath in the summer 1t changes in
the winter Of northern ATTITUDES to
snowy whiteness, except at the tip OF
the tail, which at all seasons is black.
Evening star., 1941-04-07

The most effective method to stop
unwarranted strikes is to allow no one
to represent a union except bona
fide employe.
This would permit the employees to
represent themselves and would take
their affairs out of the hands of disre-
putable mercenary agents and ex-con-
victS.
Allow no striker to accept State or
Federal relief or social security bene-
fits.
How many of the union agents ever
have worked at the trade they repre-
sent? Are they fitted to speak and act
for employees when they themselves
have no knowledge of the problems of
the employe? L. ANDREWS,
Cleveland, Tenn.