Evening star., 1941-06-12

human needs" He regarded it as
anything but static.
For several years, he was noted as
a disSenter, frequently joining the
celebrated Justices Holmes, Brandels
and Cardozo in disagreeing with
majority opinions.
Later. however, when so-called
liberals" dominated the tribunal
he wrote many of the famous ma
jority decisions. He was considered
the courts tax expert.
Won Mellon Tax Case.
AS general counsel Of the Internal
Revenue Bureau, Mr.. jackson won
major income tax judgment
against Andrew w. Mellon, former
Secretary Of the Treasury.
Defending the important registra-
ton provisions of the Utility Hold
/ ing Company Act as S. E. c. special
counsel in 1856, he challenged the
greatest of the great power systems,
Electric Bond & Share Co., and won
in the Supreme Court.
With the antitrust suit, Mr.. Jack
son laid the groundwork, after talk
ing with President Roosevelt, for the
ti-monopoly campaign that is still
under way
AS Solicitor General. Mr.. Jackson
argued the cases which sustained
the Social Security and Labor Rela-
tons Acts and broke the long-eStab-
nshed rule against State and Fed
eral Governments taxing each 9TH
ers employees.
Becoming Attorney General, he
/ dismissed cases against Detroit citi-
zens charged with recruiting soldiers
for the Spanish LoyalistS. ordered an
inquiry into charges by Senator Nor
| ris, independent, of Nebraska that
/ the F. B. l. had abused the defend
ants, and cautioned United States
| attorneys not to misuse their au-
thority in dealing with "subversive'
activities.
Abolished Wire Tapping.
He abolished wire tapping by JUS
tice Department agents, decreed a
strict enforcement of the Hatch
Anti-Politics Act, started a civil
service study of the departments
| personnel system. and, being as fond
of courtroom law as ever, made the
first appearance of an Attorney
/ General before the Supreme Court
since 1885.
Mr.. Jackson tried his first case be-
fore he was licensed as a lawyer, de-
Tending group of streetcar strikers
before justice of the peace. After
attending Albany Law School one
year, he left without degree and
went to work in 1918 In court and
out, he was quick -witted and genial
Born in Spring Creek, Pa, Febru-
ary 13, 1892, Mr.. Jackson practiced
law in jamestown, N. Y, before COM
ing to Washington.
Appointment to the highest court
in the land was the climax of a legal
and legislative career which Senator
Byrnes began as young court re-
porter in South Carolina.
Not always behind administration
proposals, Senator Byrnes neverthe-
less was catalogued generally as q
thorough Roosevelt man" and ar
influential one at that.
He was with the President on the
Supreme Court and Government re-
organization bills, neutrality law re-
vision, conScription, British aid and
many emergency measures during
the depression.
He opposed the administration or
wage-hour legislation, some relief
appropriations and the soldiers
bonus and he took the side of his
South Carolina colleague, 'Cottor
Ed" Smith, when the President
called for Senator Smiths defeat
in the 1888 Democratic primary.
Senator Byrnes has described
himself as an advocate of common
sense" Interpretation of the Con.
stitution and once said the "rea
dangers of dictatorship would come
from justices who forget the warn
ing of Chief Justice Marshall thai
the Constitution should be adapted
to the various crises in human
affairs"