davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1941-12-26
THIS AND THAT
By Charles E. Trdce1DeH.

cold-water faucet. BY contrast 1t will
be warm enough.
+
Another good way to provide the birds
with water on cold days is to set out
pans filled with barely luke-warm water.
Any old earthenware or tin pan will
do. Every kitchen provides a variety Of
these. The water may tend to freeze
over, but the active claws and bills keep
1t churned up.
1t is a good plan to put such bowls
In the sun, If there is any, and not too
close to a feeding station. nor too far
away, either About 20 feet from the
station is right
This often affords the observer an in
teresting procession Of birds, as they hop
back and forth from food to water.
Usually there are two lines, one going
and one coming One misses something
interesting, if this spectacle is not pro-
vided for by putting out shallow tray
of water.
The dry autumn and winter have done
away with many Of the shallow natural
drinking and bathing places of the wild
birds.
There is still water in creeks and
streams, but often these are unsuited to
birds, and even the small puddles, as it
were, which ordinarily are found at the
edges and margins of streams and pools,
are gone.
This not only keeps them from get
| ting drinking and bathing water, but
1t also deprives them Of great deal OF
the small live food found in such places,
worms and larvae and other forms of
insect life.
| Most of the birds which come to our
gardens this winter are looking for water
almost as much as for food
This means that they may be helped
without any cost, a consideration not to
be sneezed at, from now on. Many per-
sons who put out bread, every now and
then, little realize how much many other
persons spend on their bird friends
If water is what they want, it can be
provided easily and inexpensively.
II to this requirement is added little
food. the needs of the wildbirds may be
attended to easily by most persons, thus
enlarging the magic circle of those who
are taking care Of Uncle Sans wild life
The birds are resources. too. We must
keep looking after them as best we can
under changed conditions.
Let us never forget that the birds die
not wait for declaration of war, before
attacking the Japs.
They have been Staying and devourins
thousands Of japanese beetles since tha
fateful day when the beetles established
their first bridgehead In America
Hats off to our American birds!
They were the advance guard of Amer
ica's "all out" against Nippon.
Evening star., 1941-12-26
st. Pierre and MiqueIon

A need for effective political and
diplomatic coordination of anti-AXis
procedure has been demonstrated by
the sudden and unexpected occupa-
ton of st. Pierre and Miquelon by
a representative of the Free French
movement headed by General Charles
de Gaulle. The islands are the larg-
est of two small groups lying ten
miles off the south coast Of New
foundland and we'll within the boun-
daries of the defensive waters OF
Canada. Vice Admiral Emile Muse
lier took possession" of the prin-
cipal settlements of the tiny archi-
pelago on Wednesday and plebiscite
conducted under his supervision yes
terday is reported to have indicated
the approval of an overwhelming
percentage of the voting inhabitants.
These developments, however, have
been viewed with disfavor by the
State Department of the United
States. In a sharply Worded pro-
nouncement released last evening it
Is declared that "the action taken by
three so-called Free French ships
was an arbitrary action con-
trary to the agreement of all parties
concerned" and this Government
has inquired of the Canadian gov
ernment as to the steps that govern
ment is prepared to take to restore
the status quo of these islands"
Thus America hopefully keeps faith
with the Vichy regime of Marshal
Philippe Petain, with whose agent,
Admiral Georges Robert, high COM
missioner with jurisdiction over
French possessions in the Western
Hemisphere, Rear Admiral Frederick
J. Horne reached an agreement, ap-
proved by Secretary Cordell Hull,
only last week.
AS matters stand no such transfer
of territory so close to the United
States could be regarded with indif-
ference in Washington. The prin-
ciple of the Monroe Doctrine tradi-
tionally prevails in American rela-
tions with friends as we'll as potential
foes. In view of the special under
standing with the Petain administra-
tion, it would be diff1cult-in fact i'm
possible-to approve what the De
Gaullists have done. No imme-
diate Axis threat to st. Pierre and
Miquelon has been shown to exist,
though it is conceded that the islands
have cable communication with
Europe and lie in the line of air
travel to that continent.
Prime Minister Winston Churchill
undoubtedly is familiar with the
problem and his visit to Pres-
Evening star., 1941-12-26

military lords of Japan is for her and
for America to decide. Within year
from the beginning of such campaign
as they can command, and which would
be irresistible as tidal wave, Hirohltos
forces should be obliged to surrender
Internationally.
For each indignity endured by
America, a Japanese city could be
leveled, and were Germany to persuade
Japan to fight with lethal gas, the
japanese race could be annihilated-a
dire possibility that Is remote from
Americas intention to compel submis-
sion and end militarism. OF the sorts
of peace that will be imposed, Japan's
conduct of the war will be decisive AT
the close of the Peloponnesian War
Athens was not permitted to retain arms
and the city's government was nom1-
mated by Sparta. BY the peace OF zama,
Carthage descended to oblivion. The
abysmal wrong for which japanese mill
tarists are responsible requires COM
mensurate degree of seriousness in the
peace. and that the sacrifices which
must be made because Of their crime may
not be an abomination to God, Russia,
England and America, as an imperative
requisite of an immolation of the cult
Of aggression and of the permanent
rescue of the Japanese people from an
intolerable despotism, should establish
a governance of the japanese nation
that cannot disturb foreign peoples and
for which they and later the Japanese
people will require deep and enduring
respect. EDWARD CONN.
Evening star., 1941-12-26
Forecasts Russian Co-Operation
To Defeat and Reform Japan.
To the Editor of The

i o The EDITOR OF Inc otaI.
An inevitable determination Of the
liberal peoples, unoonventionally chal-
lenged by Japan In fragrant violation Of
the decencies of civilized public action,
should be the reduction Of that nations
sovereignty to the pre-Meiji bounds.
These offended peoples will possess the
legal right to apply to the Emperor's
domain the law Of force to which his
militaristic regime resorted, and, if rea-
son so recommend in the interest OF
permanent quietness in the regions of
Eastern Asia, to create an international
administration for Hirohito's land to
be maintained generation for the pur-
pose of preparing the youth thereof for
a genuinely demilitarized representative
government. The constitution of Japan
may be deemed by her adversaries to
form political anachronism that
sheathes sword menacing her neighbors
and the vital interests of nations whose
supreme concept is not war. For the
realization of a government Of the
people, a new fundamental law of the
realm should be devised, eliminating
forever such existing provisions as as
sure the degradation of the nations
legislature, the supremacy Of the mill
tary clans and the subordination Of the
Emperor to those princes OF war and
their retainers. The conduct of the En-
peror to these might decide the fate OF
his ancient dynasty. If he commanded,
or acquiesced, uncoerced, in the execra-
BILE act of his super-constitutional sub
jects, his throne ought not to survive
the impending catastrophe.
With Japan eliminated, by her forfei-
ture of lawful claim to participate as
an equal in the concert of nations, from
the continent of Asia, China, which WILL
participate in the devising OF the
Oriental and Pacific redispositlons,
might desire Russia, England and
America to be everlasting guards at
some of her portals, stipulations in a
special multilateral treaty guarantee
ing, in consequence, the territorial IN
tegrity, unprej JUDGED sovereignty ana
international equality of China. Thus
would the incalculable moral force OF
a nation averse to war and whose para
mount will is to be permitted to labor
unmolested supplement the inexorable
resolve of England and America to
eradicate, not merely suppress, predatory
militarism in the earth-a practical prof.
ect. not a visionarys ideal, in which
they trust to be companioned by Russia,
q mighty nation which now for the
first time in her history is recognized
to be a defender Of civilization and a
champion Of the lawful community OF
nations. When her tnvincible arm Is
to turn, with Americas, against the
Evening star., 1941-12-26

Putting out water will attract almost
as many birds as putting out food this
winter, judging from evidences to date.
Bluebirds, in particular, have been re-
ported In many suburban gardens, far
In excess of the usual numbers which
winter here They have all been seeking
water.
This is good news, at time when
other good news has been rather scarce.
Certainly there is no finer bird than
Americas bluebird. At one time In the
history of our country 1t was as plentiful
as the robin. Severe ice storms killed
thousands of them and the species has
been making its way back ever since.
1t is not very likely, however, that
the bluebird will ever again be as nu-
merous as it was before 1900. That
makes any little increase of them even
more welcome.
The drought of the winter and autumn
made all the birds seek for water.
All too many persons who kept bird
baths filled during the summer forgot
about it when the cooler weather came.
A great deal more care is necessary in
fall and winter to see to 1t that ones
bird friends get their full share.
Ice forms in baths, and even splits
them. Small saucers Of water sunk in
the ground are almost always coated
over.
Sparrows and starlings, two of the
greatest bathers, may be seen trying to
peck out hole In any bit Of ice. Often
thev succeed: once the hole Is enlarged,
they manage to get bath by melting
the remainder of the ice with their
bodies.
Concrete bird baths will not crack, IN
winter. from the action of freezing, pro-
vided the slope of the bowl Is just right.
Properly sloped, the sides permit the
ice to push up, rather than out. This
Is the reason why some baths crack In
winter while others do not.
II the owner has reason to believe
that his bird bath will not stand the
weather, he may fill it with straw OF
peat moss and place over it . thick
board which entirely covers 1t.
On this cover bread crumbs and other
foods may be displayed.
E%
If the bath can be kept filled without
cracking, it is good thing to make sure
the birds can get at the water.
This means, just as in summer, that
the bo,.,l r,,,st he kept filled
Then, on freezing mornings, it will be
necessary to see to 1t that some fresh
water is poured in on top Of the ice.
This not only gives the songsters a place
to drink and bathe, but 1t shortly melts
the ice.
The added water should not be hot
nor even warm, but drawn from the
Evening star., 1941-12-26

tons q year. Approval Of this pro-
gram by s. P. A. B. will assure pri-
critics for the materials required for
the additional production. It is to
be hoped that construction will be
begun Immediately, in order that the
output Of synthetic rubber, In the
near future, may be sufficient to
meet a substantial part of our re-
.quirements.
The Government also is seeking to
develop Western Hemisphere sources
Of supply. In Brazil, and in several
other Southern American countries,
climatic. and other conditions seem
favorable to large-scale production.
South America now produces some
rubber, and as part of the long,
range program. every effort should
be made to expand it's output.
During tbs present emergency, as
John L. Collyer, president of the B. F.
Goodrich Company recently pointed
out, individual Americans can help
the Government on the home front
by making rubber goods last longer.
In addition to tires, the sales Of
which have been rigidly restricted,
there is need for the conservation
of other rubber products used by the
public. Through conservation, the
expansion of synthetic production,
and stepping up the production Of
reclaimed rubber, there is every rea-
son to believe that our supplies Of
rubber will be adequate to meet the
demands of the Army and Navy.
Evening star., 1941-12-26
Sees Threat to american Way"
In Plan to Move Patent ONCE.
To the Editor Of The Star:

To the Editor of The Star:
Sir:
The intent behind the proposal to sub
merge the Patent Office In New York
City is not open to question. Obviously,
the motive is to set aside what is re-
garded es relatively unmomentous for
the immediate and necessitous. No one
can doubt the sincerity OF purpose OF
those who initiated the move, but 1t is
the ultimate results that must be
weighed.
If it would insure victory for the
American way of life, would advocate
open and outright abolition of the patent
system. To preserve democracy, even
the sacrifice of human lives is demanded.
But by no acceptable reasoning are we
called upon to spread useless devasta-
ton.
In England it has been point Of pride
with the victims of bombing to refuse to
relinouish their homes. They retire, but
they do not surrender; they return before
the smoke clears away to build again.
There is talk that since we have
war to win, individuals must make sacrl-
fees. With that premise none can take
issue. But in the present matter 1t
should not be overlooked that the per-
sons affected are not being asked merely
to make sacrifices They are being asked
to submit to a complete, sudden and
calamitous economic upheaval, not
merely to themselves but to the entire
patent system.
This is not hardship but humiliation
and ruin.
To remove the Patent Office any con-
siderable distance from Washington
would be major disaster. Havoc would
result far worse than the Patent once
fire of 1877. Disorganization would raw
age the machinery of the system which
is linked comparatively with other
branches of government. What will
happen to invention is beyond imag-
nation.
The Star is to be congratulated Tor
the stand that it has taken. In defending
the thousands of workers and their fam
lilies you are guarding not only the pat
ent system, but the American way OF
Evening star., 1941-12-26

life, which must survive If this war
really is to be won.
To separate the Patent Office from
Washington where it has endured con-
flagration, reform, social change, since
the early days of the Union, would be
no temporary hardship. 1t would be
a shocking and Gripping blow from
which recovery would be doubtful. The
backbone Of the profession would be
broken. The personnel would partially
disband. Losses would be irreplaceable.
The living arteries which connect the
patent organ to the other members of
the body Federal would be severed The
functions would wither and become i'm
potent.
1t is believed that the damaging ma
ture of the proposed change has not been
appreciated by those who have initiated
1t. There should be no hesitation in
withdrawing this obviously hasty order
now that the true seriousness Of the
move is becoming apparent. Surely, If
the space now occupied by the Patent
Office is needed for new offices, emerg-
ency quarters for the Patent Office can
be found or built in the vicinity Of Wash
ington.
In 1914, William Thornton, then Com
missioner of Patents, heard that the
Patent ONCE was in danger. He hurried
to the scene and found that the British
soldiery were directing their artillery on
the building. Placing himself squarely
before the muzzle of one of the pieces,
Thornton spoke as follows: Are you
Englishmen or Goths and Vandals?
This is the United States Patent Office,
the repository Of the ingenuity of the
American people. Will you destroy it?
Then let the shot pass through my
body"
The soldiers stared There was a
pause, then a command and the cannon
was turned away. The officer proffered
his apologies.
I believe that I can state that the
employees and members of the profess
sion cheerfully will endure any hard
ship that will preserve America and the
Patent Office. But we will not stand
idly by and see either wantonly or
thoughtlessly destroyed. J. H. B.
Evening star., 1941-12-26
Huskin's Answers
To Questions
BIZ Frederic J. HdSkin.

reader can get the unsUer to any
question OF fact by tortttno The Epe-
ming Star Information Bureau, Fred
eric J. Haskin, director, Washington.
D. C.. Please inclose stamp for reply.
@. When were parachute troops first
used?-L. S.
A. Maj Gen. Henry H. Arnold. chief
of the Army Air Forces, in his book
entitled Winged Warfare" gives credit
for the first use of parachute troops to
Brig. Gen. William Mitchell at Kelly
Field, Tex, about 1920.
@. Who discovered safety glass;
j. s. NJ.
A. 1t was discovered by accident In
the laboratory Of a French scientist
named Benedictus, in 1904.
@. What is the total amount paid in
salaries in the United States?-W. T. r.
A. Salaries and wages paid IN le41
total approximately $4,000, 100000, one
fifth greater than in 1910.
@. Is there q statue of Frances Will
lard in Washington?-V. F.
A. A statue in honor Of Frances VIII
lard was erected in Statuary Hall in
the Capitol in 1905.
O. What is the theme song Of the
radio program Light of the World?'-
O. R. A.
A. 1t is Lovely Appears" from Gou-
mods Redemption"
@ When was the Great Seal Of the
United States adopted?-R. E. r.
A. The Great Seal of the United
States was adopted June 20, 1882.
@. What IS the source of the express
sion Wars and rumors of wars?"-
| A. L. r.
| A. St Matthew 24:6 is the source of
| the quotation which is as follows: And
| ye shall hear Of wars and rumours of
wars: see that ye be not troubled: for
all these things must come to pass, but
the end is not yet"
Evening star., 1941-12-26

dent Roosevelt affords an oppor-
tunity for prompt solution OF it as
one small detail in the compre-
hensive plan which civilized people
confidently hope Is being formulated
for the restoration Of peace and order
in the world.
Evening star., 1941-12-26
Thinks Smaller Tags
Would Save Metal.

Your news columns indicate that the
District Commissioners are in a dither
about metal for auto tags next year.
They propose to use only one tag, which
is enough, or to use the old tag with the
year inserted by small tag.
No one has ever explained why the
District must have the largest and worst
looking tag in the Nation, so my sugges-
ton is to make auto tags the same size
as motorcycle tags, which not only will
not use an undue amount Of metal, but
will not disfgure an auto and can be
made with material and equipment now
on hand. If they are large enough for
motorcycles, why not for autos?
FRED S. WALKER
Evening star., 1941-12-26
Letters to the Editor

Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address Of
the 1Uriter, although the use of
a pSeudonym for publication is
permissible. The Star reserves
the right to edit all letters 10ith
q UietU to condensation.
Evening star., 1941-12-26
NeedlewOrk-You can aid in war

NeedlewOrk-You can aid in war
work by knitting and sewing. II
you are not handy with needle
either knitting or sewing-get your
self copy of the needlework book
let. The instructions are simple
illustrations are included to make
the directions clear. Join one of
your local units in this war work
To secure your copy Of the booklet
on needlework inclose 10 cents in
coin. wrapped in this clipping, and
mail to The Star Information
Bureau.
Name
Address
Evening star., 1941-12-26
Rate BY Mail-Payable in Advance.
Member of the Associated Press.

The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to
the for republication OF all news dispatches
credited to 1t not otherwise credited in this
paper and also the local news published herein.
AL rights of publication of special dispatches
herein also are reserved.
Evening star., 1941-12-26

estate?-G. w. K
A. President Lincolns estate was esti-
mated as it was administered by Supreme
Court Justice Davis at s110,295 This was
divided equally among the widow and the
two sons Most OF it consisted of Cove
eminent securities purchased with
money saved from his salary.
@. Who was Fohi?-M. K. A.
A. He was the first Chinese emperor
and legislator and is said to have founded
this kingdom in 22o7 BIC. Nothing cer-
tain Is known of his reign but there are
attributed to him the institution of mar
riage, the invention of fishing, hunting,
music and writing. He acknowledged and
worshiped a supreme deity and is sup
posed to have been the Noah of the
Bible.
@. What college in the East has
course called foundation of American
democracy?-H. K. M.
A. This is a course recently instituted
at Fordham University.
@. Who was the man who threw him.
self in front of a depth bomb during the
World War?-C. L. T.
A. John Mackenzie was awarded q
medal Of honor on May 8, 1918, for his
heroic action In throwing himself in
front of depth bomb which was rolling
about the deck of ship.
@. When was Guthrie the capital of
Oklahoma?-L. S.
A. Guthrie was the capital Of the Terri
tory of Oklahoma and was made the cap
ital when the State was admitted TO the
Union in 1907. In 1910, it was voted to
remove the capital to Oklahoma City,
where it still remains.
@. Who are the officials Of the British
Royal Air Force?-M. A. NJ.
A. They are as follows: Air Chief Mar
shall Sir Charles Frederick Algernon Por-
tai, Vice Chief of Air Staff Sir Wilfrid
Freeman, assistant chief of air staff, Air
Vice Marshal r. H. M. S. Saundby; Air
Marshal A. G.. R. Garrod.
@. How long has the word boss" been
used in politics?-M. H. K.
A. The use of the term dates from the
exposure of the Tweed ring in New York
City in 1872.
@. Where is Thomas Jefferson buried?
&C. N. j.
A. He is buried at Monticello, his es-
tate, miles southeast Of Charlottes-
vile, Va.
Evening star., 1941-12-26
Suggests Further Amendment
OF the Federal Constitution.

SUKHCSES 4 VI tTIVI 1hTuCHUIICHV
OF the Federal Constitution.
To the Editor Of The Star:
After listening to the very interesting
account of the Bill Of Rights given over
the radio Monday night, am fully con-
vinced that the following should be
added by Congress: The right TO work
without the hindrance Of unions.
EDWARD p. HUBBEiL.
Evening star., 1941-12-26

@. What college in the East has a
course called foundation of American
democracy?-H. K M
A. This is course recently instituted
at Fordham University.
Evening star., 1941-12-26

@. Where is Thomas Jefferson buried?
&C. N. j.
A. He is buried at Monticello his es-
tate, miles southeast Of Charlottes-
vile, Va.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1941-03-12
Sligo Park Hills Citizens
Fight Apartment Rezoninq

Opposition to proposed rezoning
to permit apartment house con-
struction on the east side of Sligo
Creek adjacent to Sligo Park is
voiced in resolution adopted last
night by the Sligo Park Hill Md
Garden Club at a meeting at the
home of Mr.. and Mrs. Clarence
Smith.
The measure also supports the
Montgomery County Civic Federa-
ton in opposing erection of apart
ment houses adjacent to any public
park. IF
Referring to a statement made by
Park Commissioner Lacy Shaw on
the proposed rezoning, the resolution
voices objection to his inference that
there was no original or organized
opposition to large-scale apartment
occupancy of areas Immediately adj
jacent to Sligo Park. r
1t further declares that "in the
specific case mentioned by him, the
citizens of Sligo Park Hills had no
opportunity to register their pro-
tests. because the advertising of the
proposed coming had been published
in such manner that the citizens
did not learn of the hearings or of
the approval until after the matter
had been closed"