davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Daily Alaska empire., 1941-08-14
THE WEATHER
sA tBy the U. s. weather Bureau) U. s. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, WEAT

U s. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE WEATHER BUREAU
 Forecast for Juneau vicinity beginning Aug IA: Clear pay cloudy tonight and Friday lowest temperature tonight about 52 degrees highest Friday 72 degrees; light to gentle variable winds.
 Southeast Alsks Clear not much change in temperature tonight and Friday but with local of morning fog channels moderate winds
 Forecast winds the coast of Cape Spencer southerly Spence gentle to souheastery winds Hnhinbrook Resurrection gentle asery outheasery partly cloudy; Resurcoi Kodiak: gentle to mod easterly winds partly cloudy "
 1x,.x
The Daily Alaska empire., 1941-08-14

There are water tunnels as, deep as 75o feet below New York City.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1941-08-14
ROCKWELL,
 CHURCHILL
 AT FARLEY
Plan Postwar Activities in Europe Japan Nof Men,
 fioned af Conference

Continued from Page one)
The Daily Alaska empire., 1941-08-14
GAMES TODAY

The following are final scores of baseball games played this after noon in the two major leagues as received up to press time th.s after noon.
 National League
 Chicago 6; Pittsburgh 2.
 New York 4; Boston 3.
 American League Washington 0, 3; New York T, 10.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1941-08-14
COUNCIL MEETING
 TOMORROW NIGHT

The regular session of the Jun eau City Council will be held to- morrow night beginning at o'clock. Only routine business is expected.
Evening star., 1941-03-18
The JurisdictionuI Issue

The Court of Appeals decision dis
solving the injunction through which
the Brewery Workers Union sought
to exercise the right to organize beer
drivers as against the claims of the
Teamsters' Union has an important
public aspect. In 7Hect, 1t tends
to fix definitely on the American
Federation of Labor the responsible
ity for settling jurisdictional fights
between its aff1liates. Such disputes
have been productive of countless
costly strikes.
The two groups involved in this
instance have been battling for more
than forty years, with indecision
characterizing the efforts of the
Federation to bring about an adjust
ment. Ultimately, the brewery work.
ers obtained an injunction in District
Court here, suspending Federation
ruling that put the drivers into the
TeamSters' Union.
In setting aside the findings of the
lower court, the Court of Appeals
) held that the Norris-La Guardia Act
stood as barrier to the restraining
order. then took the broader ground
Evening star., 1941-03-18
Pursuits to Africo

Disclosure that many American
pursuit airplanes are being shipped
to Africa for use in the Mediter-
ranean and Balkan theaterS of war
may have considerable significance.
It could mean that the British are
sufficiently assured of the strength Of
Englands air defenses to divert pur-
suit planes, which are the most
essential of all weapons of defense
against air attacks, to other fronts.
It certainly means that the axis
powers are going to feel increasingly
vigorous opposition in the Balkans
and the Mediterranean area in gen.
eral. It is an indication, above all,
of an increasing spirit of British
offensive against the axis, an offen-
sive which military experts hold
must be taken if the totalitarians
are to be beaten.
Official aircraft export figures of
the Commerce Department show
that 120 American airplanes went to
the British Gold Coast of Africa
during January and nineteen others
to the Union of South Africa. It is
said this trend Is continuing as
American production grows. Com
parison of unit and cost values shows
the African shipments we're in the
pursuit price range, and 1t is under
stood virtually all Of them were
Curtiss P-40 pursuits, which the
British call "Tomahawks." The
presence of a striking force of 100
or more modern, high-speed fighters
of the caliber of the Tomahawk,
which British pilots have praised
highly, in such a theater as the
Mediterranean is highly important.
It might explain the apparent fail
ure of the German dive-bomber
attacking force sent to Italy to
bolster the tottering Fascists. If this
war has proved anything, 1t has
proved that the Stukas which were
Evening star., 1941-03-18
On the Beam

When the Wright brothers In 1907
became the first men to fly in a
heavier-than-air machine, the world
gasped. Their initial flights covered
only few hundred yards. Later,
they and others made planned flights
from one point to another, depend
ing, however, solely upon mans most
important though primitive sense
that Of sight. A long time elapsed be-
fore Marconi and his successors made
possible the addition of a mysterious
but powerful directional aid, the ra-
dio beam.
The spring bird migration, now on,
brings a reminder that cons before
the dawn of history nature scooped
these performances. Millions of wild
geese are now making their annual
planned long-distance hops, undis-
mayed by uncertainties of the route,
and absolutely sure that they will get
through safely and on schedule.
Taking of from hundreds of natural
airports in Louisiana, they are wing
ing their way unerringly to hundreds
of others in Baffin Island, Canada,
some $500 miles distant, keeping in
formations so perfect as to be the
envy Of military pilots.
How do they do it? Landmarks
merely serve as checks on their avi-
cation, which depends upon some
thing more fundamental than land
scapes subject to alterations both by
man and by nature. That something,
for want of better name, has been
called instinct. The better term is
now available-nature's directional
beam, which is never turned off and
from which they never stray. They
are not such geese, however, as to
despise mere man and scorn any
valuable techniques he may have de-
veloped. Geese in America follow the
practice of aviators in Europe, and
fly high to avoid being shot down.
So rarely are they shot that the at
tempt to do so is correctly described
as a wild goose chase.
Evening star., 1941-03-18

that in the very nature of the rela-
tionship between the Federation and
its aff1liates, the power Of the parent
body is absolute in regard to juris-
dictional issues.
This was the result for which the
Federation argued in appealing
from the District Court order, but the
victory carries with it certain ines
capable obligations. If the Fedora
ton contends on the one hand for
undisturbed authority to define the
area in which its constituent units
are to operate, it must of necessity
take whatever steps are called for to
enforce its mandates. That is the
sort of protection to which the pub
lie is entitled, but which it does not
get when recalcitrants are free to
tie up work without any fear OF the
consequences.
Evening star., 1941-03-18

SO deadly in Poland and Belgium
are no match for f1rst-class pursuit
airplanes and cannot operate in a
region protected by good pursuit
squadrons. This has been held to be
the explanation for the miracle
of Dunkerque" and the reason for
the entire absence of Nazi dive
bombers from England since the
earliest days of the August and
September "blitzkrieg."
American pursuit airplanes sent
to Africa are effectively out of the
Battle of Britain. They do not have
sufficient range to cross the inter-
vening hostile territory and they
could only reach England as cargo.
The indications are that the British
feel confident of holding England
with the fighters they have or are
able to produce themselves, plus,
perhaps, a fractional part of the
American pursuit production, and
that American fighters are to have
role of honor in the anti-axis offen-
sive stemming out of British and
Greek victories in Africa and Albania.
Evening star., 1941-03-18
Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address OF
the aDriter, although the use OF
a pseudonyrl for publication is
permissible. The Star reserUes
the right to edit all letters pith
q Dte,D to condensation.

No doubt proposal of this type would be
protested vigorously and vociferously but
the economic loss that results from free
parking should be borne by the motorist
himself.
On the other hand, reward or eco
nonic benefit could be conferred on those
who cooperate in the form of a special
weekly pass issued by the Capital Transit
Co. to sell for 75c and to be acceptable
only during the rush hours. If after an
experimental period, the Capital Transit
Co. could show that expenses, in addition
to fair profit. could not be made, the
city should underwrite the loss or seek an
equitable solution.
CHARLES A. FRAILEY.
Evening star., 1941-03-18

O. Please explain the correct usage
of the verbs affect and effect.-R. P. D.
A. To affect is to influence, concern,
pretend; for example, THE event did
not affect his decision" To effect is to
accomplish, achieve, execute; for exam
pie, She is trying to effect reconcilia-
ton"
Q. How many languages besides Ger
man does Hitler speak?-F. N.
A. Hitler speaks no foreign languages
except few words Of French.
@. Who was the first woman in this
country to obtain a medical degree?-
3. w.
A. Elizabeth Blackwell was the first
woman in the United States to receive
the degree of doctor of medicine in 1849
at Geneva N. Y.
@. What caused the death of Admiral
Peary?-W D. N.
A. Admiral Robert E. Peary died in
Washington, D. c., February 20, 1920,
of pernicious anemia He Is buried In
Arlington National Cemetery.
@. Please give some information about
the Rector scholarships.-T. C. T.
A. The Edward Rector Scholarship
Foundation was established in 1919 by
Edward Rector with an endowment of
more than s2,0OOO 900. 1t provides an
nually 100 four-year scholarships to De
Paw University. These are granted on
the basis Of outstanding scholarship
and character with some attention given
to personality and leadership.
@. In what year was the United
States Patent Office organized?-H. P.
A. The Patent Office was organized in
179O, when the first patent was taken
out by one Samuel Hopkins, July 81,
"for making pot or pearl ashes; and
the second by Joseph Stacey Sampson,
August 6, "for the manufacture of
candles
Evening star., 1941-03-18
Naval Academy

The Navy Departments plan for
speeding training Of officer per-
sonnel at the Naval Academy during
the present emergency Is not without
precedent. During the first World
War, courses were shortened at An
napolis, and the War Department
took similar measures at West Point.
The Naval Academy class which was
scheduled to graduate in June, 1917,
was commissioned two months
earlier, and the class which ordi-
narily would have graduated in June,
1918, was commissioned in June,
1917. Three-year courses were the
rule thereafter until the war ended.
Under the proposed program, as
outlined to a Senate committee by
Rear Admiral Chester Ninitz, chief
of the Bureau of Navigation, the class
of June, 1912, will be commissioned
next February and all subsequent
classes for an indefinite period will
be graduated after only three years
of instruction at the Academy. In
order to avoid sacrificing too much
study, Christmas leave will be cut,
cruises will be curtailed and other
shortcuts will be instituted. 1t Is
hoped that by this trimming process
1t will be possible to cram at least
three and one-half years of essen
tial instruction into three years.
The shortening of the courses will
result in a more rapid output of
trained young officers needed to man
the hundreds of new ships which
will be sliding down the ways as the
two-ocean Navy building program
advances. Reserve officers already
large numbers. There will be a
growing need for regular officers of
the lower ranks as the enlisted man
power increases with the expansion
of the fleet. When it is realized that
by 1946 or 1947, our Navy will have
been approximately doubled in size,
the necessity for accelerating the
supply of officers can be appreciated.
The speeding up OF courses at An
napolis is a natural corollary of the
emergency ship construction pro-
gram. When the emergency is over,
however, the Navy undoubtedly will
lose no time in returning to the four
year system, for experience has
shown that the longer course affords
greater benefits for the prospective
officers.
Evening star., 1941-03-18
National Gallery of Art

Great -colunned dome, drched court
yards, spacious halls:
Sheer symmetry in concept, this
the theme
Complete, the perfect 1ohole. Within
these 1OallS,
Austere and 1phite, chaSte symbol
of mans dream
To build his treaSure-houSe against
the gears,
Old fountains that begutled eS-
thetic king,
Play once again. Here queens and
caDaliers
Preen for our eyes in gorgeous
coloring.
Gems by Venetian masters glo1O like
Dtne
Poured from crystal goblet,
crimson, gold.
A Doge's naughty face, strong,
dQutine,
Sets grim abope his cloak's lur-
urtous fold.
FL Greco, Titian's deathless beauty,
these
Speak still as ,Dhen dett artist
traced the glotD
From liuing cheek OF some proud
VeroneSe;
A Goya, slim in lace and turbelo,D;
RaphaePS loued Madonna, Rem
brandtS art,
Caught ,Dith immortal brush in
that far age,
Bring US rare beautys spell to grip
the heart;
Enduring fame our Gift and hertz
age. IVY LINDSLEY.
Evening star., 1941-03-18
Argues Against Proposal
To Feed Conquered Democracies.

To the Editor of The Star:
Now that the United States has passed
the lease-lend bill and has announced to
the world in no uncertain terms whose
side she is on in this war, 1t Is time
some one answered Herbert Hoover's
appeal to feed the democracies abroad.
Mr.. Hoover's recent appeal was not
accepted by the State Department be-
cause we are helping Britain fight her
war, and Britain frowns on Mr.. Hoover's
proposal to ship foodstuffs to Belgium
and to other German-occupied democ-
racieS.
Britain's naval blockade is the most
effective instrument In economic war.
fare against Germany and the importa-
ton of any goods whatsoever into oc-
cupied territories would tend to defeat
the blockade. Sumner Welles has said
that emphasis should be put on the fact
that 1t is Germany's obligation to pro-
vide adequate care for people in Nazi-
occupied territories. 1t is true that Nazi
Germany needs little the accepted rules
of international law, but it is not likely
that Germany will starve the people
whom she has fought hard to place in
servitude. These people are working
now for Germany. They may be on
rationed diets but that is not starvation.
If we relieve the strain imposed on
Germany to get food to its conquered
peoples We are defeating the ultimate
purpose of the British blockade.
Humanitarianism is one Of Americas
virtues. Our Nation is sorely grieved at
the thought Of the privation and suffer-
ing that the innocent populations of
Europe are undergoing. And our Ma
ton as Christian nation wants to help
to right the world and restore order.
But we have not chosen to relieve the
suffering; we have chosen to help Brit
ain win. This is war
The small democracies no longer exist
they are ruled by Hitler This is their
war, it is Britain's war, it is every hu-
manitarian's war. But it Is not q war
to be fought by sentimentalism.
Britain is fighting this war to destroy
the cause that is killing democracy.
And, If Britain wins, the small democ-
racies will live to feed themselves again.
To Britain the United States must lend
fun cooperation. v. w.
Evening star., 1941-03-18
THIS AND THAT
By Charles r. Truceuell.
authorities think he does them . grea
deal Of harm.

authorities think he does them q great
deal Of harm.
The fox sparrow Is a much larger bird
than the song sparrow.
The fox has a russet brown back, very
much like the back of the wood thrush.
1t is so much larger than an English
sparrow that 1t always attracts atten-
ton to itself.
The distinguishing trait Of the bird
is the way it scratches in perennial
borders for its food.
1t does this even at feeding stations.
Often it gets entirely in the tray, and
there jumps back and forth in the most
comical manner.
The song sparrow, which is a very
much striped bird, scratches for it's
dinner, too, but in no way near the
same vigorous way. The song sparrow is
smaller than an English sparrow; it has
an air of elegance about 1t which is
another mark of distinction. The stripes
are particularly noticeable on the head,
but are well defined on the back and
breast.
All in all, the fox sparrow is just a
coarser edition of the song but at the
same time it is much larger and def
initely browner.
1t is interesting to note that now we
have the two birds which give the anna
teur bird observer his standards of size.
These are the English sparrow and the
robin. There are not many of the latter
around as yet, although several have
been reported to this column, and one
was seen in our own yard on two days
just before the snowstorm.
What's the matter with everybody
calling a snow fall "blizzard?"
This loose use Of the term ought ID
be stopped.
A real blizzard means that the tenn
perature is near zero or at least consider
ably below freezing, that there is ar
extra heavy and continued fall, and
that, above all, 1t Is driven by a high
wind.
A deep snow, no matter how deep, is
not blizzard unless 1t is accompanied
Ny q iiCdFy "liiO dllu IOW temperature
1t is the drifting caused by the wind
which makes blizzard so dangerous
x
1t is always we'll for the amateur bird
observer to keep in mind his English
sparrows and robins
From them he can estimate the size
of any unknown bird he sees.
Is the stranger smaller or larger than
an English sparrow? That knowledge
will narrow the search.
Is it as large as a robin? That will
mean whole lot in the pleasant task
Of identifying it,
Cardinals are always pecking at each
other, but not In vicious way. From
now on, however. their manners will
change.
Some day you will see, as we did Sun
day, male cardinal select sunfower
seed and place it in the bill of his mate
This is the action often mistaken for
kissing by observers not close enough
to see the sunfower seed. But what
ever you call it, 1t means that spring
is here.
Evening star., 1941-03-18
"TAKOMA PARK.

4AGASV0A 1<Aktkks
Dear Sir:
"Since reading your interesting
articles, decided I need not let you have
all the fun of feeding our feathered
friends
IT started g ground feeding station
and a window tray not more than 20
feet apart. I also have suet pudding
on a nearby tree, which is visited daily
by a downy woodpecker (also by the
starlings).
"At these two stations have a pair
each of the tufted titmice, chickadees,
and white e-breasted nuthatches, one
mockingbird two song sparrows and one
white-crowned sparrow, four pairs OF
cardinals, six to ten juncos, about a
dozen blue jays (two of these are banded
and the usual quota Of starlings and
English sparrows.
my cardinals are not very polite, as
they spend much of their time chasing
each other away even though they will
eat with the other birds. At least one
of them has been singing its spring
song for two or three weeks.
1.-The other Cay I got one glimpse Of
what thought was a red-beIlied wood
pecker. Does 1t inhabit this region in
the winter? Also, how can one tell the
fox sparrow from the song sparrow?
II would like for you to know that in
giving a little to these feathered friends
I have received hundred-fold from
their sweet songs and close association.
Sincerely yours, Z. L. B."
"P. S.-This morning, for the first
time, I entertained purple finch"
ALEXANDRIA, v.
Dear Sir:
1.-TWO fox sparrows in today. March 81
There have been several song SPAR
rows about for quite some time.
yours, r. ]. B."
Dear Sir:
"I, too. want you to know Just how
very, very much I appreciate and enjoy
your column.
With so much war news and sadness,
your column is an inspiration, and I
look forward to it every day.
Sincerely, A. s."
4 4
There are many red-bellied wood
peckers In suburban Washington, just
how many, of course, no one knows.
AS yet. there has been no real census
of the wild creatures, either furred or
feathered. At the rate compulsion is
going around the world, with everybody
wanting to push everybody else around,
and to take their money away from them
to give it to somebody else, the birds
and the beasts cannot possibly escape.
The red-bellied woodpecker is the big
fellow which is marked like a Plymouth
Rock chicken.
The yellow-bellied sapsucker has a
red head, and red down beneath his
Chin" too, and resembles a downy
voodpecker, except that it is larger.
Watch out for this one He drills into
trees particularly NAPLES, to extract
the sap. He does trees no good. Some
Evening star., 1941-03-18
Prefers 'Dictatorship"
To Union Hfndrance Of Defense.
To the Editor Of The Star:

40 tle EulCUf OF Tue StAr.
In answer to Alexander Sidney Lanier,
let us worry about the union situation
as it stands today. rather than the
lease-lend law.
I am quite sure many other Americans
feel that our union troubles are lot
more important to the defense program
and to the well-being of our country
than any possible help we can give to
England (and give we should. :. -.
It is about time that the Federal
Government decided to take over the
union problem. OF course, some few
persons will scream, Dictatorship" Let
'em. Rather dictatorship under demo-
cratic government than slavery to the
economic demands Of Hitlerl N. VIZ.
Evening star., 1941-03-18
Huskin's Answers
To Questions
By Frederic J. H1sktn.

A reader cdn get the dnstDer to any
question of fact By tDrittng The EUe-
ming Star Information Bureau, Fred
eric J. Hdskin, director, Washington,
D. c. Please inclose stamp for reply.
@. How long will regi&trant be sub
1ect to call in the draft2-D. D. c.
A. Un6er the present selective service
law all men who registered are subject
to call until the expiration of the act,
May IS, l945.
@. WHAT is a bomb sight?-E. D. A
A. 1t is a delicately adjusted optical
mechanism for aiming bombs in rectifi-
cation with air speed and trajectory.
The United States claims the best in
the world.
@. How bright is the Lindbergh Bea-
coma. M.
A. The Lindbergh Beacon in Chicago
has 2OO0,0OO,0O0 candlepower. 1t can be
seen at a distance of from $50 to 300
miles.
@. Who executed a statue of Seabis-
cult. the famous race horse?-I. G.
A. The statue of Seabiscuit is by
Tex Wheeler.
@. Is there a law TO the effect that
one does not have to accept more than
$40 worth of small coins on debt?-
H.
A. Section 459 of Title 81 of the United
States Cooe provides that, The silver
coins of the United States in existence
June 8, 1879, of smaller denominations
than 81 shall be legal tender in all
sums not exceeding $40 in full payment
of all dues public and private"
@. How many residential telephones
are there ir the United States?-M. E. NJ.
A. On December 81, 1910, there were
14,305,20O residential telephones in use.
@. When did the United States Army
begin to flngerprint soldiers?-N. F.
A. The Army first started to finger
print soldiers on November l, 1906.
@. How many times can phonograph
record be played?-W C. R.
A. Under normal conditions a phono-
graph record can pe played approxi-
mately 100 times.
Evening star., 1941-03-18
Suggests Special Rush-Ho Pass
For Motorists Who Leave Cars at Home
To the Editor of The Star:

To the Editor of The Star:
Many of us disagree with the con-
demnation that has been Mr.. Van Duz-
ers misfortune to hear. In no way is he
responsible for the primary cause of traf-
fic congestion. This problem is relatively
new and as long as more vehicles are
manufactured than are retired from
service, the more complex and acute the
problem will become, and who can say
where or when this trend will halt?
In seeking a solution let us remove
the controversial factors such as number
and location of traffic lights and consider
only the type and number of vehicles in
operation and on the streets during the
rush hours.
No one can deny that buses and the
other public vehicles are not only bene-
fetal but essential to the welfare Of our
community. Trucks, through the fine CO.
operation Of the stores and business es-
tablishments, are kept at q minimum.
There remains only the private auto
mobile. Surveys have proven that an
automobile requires 20 feet of the high
way, whereas bus requires but small
additional space and conveniently trans
ports 40 and more passengers. The chief
problem then is to consider ways and
means of reducing the number of private
vehicles. Through education and propa-
ganda we may induce few people to
travel by bus or streetcar, but to get a
majority to forego driving something
substantial must be offered or a penalty
imposed.
A further restriction on highway park
ing would force many additional motor
lists into parking lots and public garages.