davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-02-06
MUST BE SURRENDER

Britain, however, insists that
measures for the protection of
Italians in East Africa can he
based only on a complete sur
render of Italian forces. including
FaScists in North Africa.
Any peace overtures must be
guaranteed directly by Mussolini
"or any other responsible Italian
government" as the Lon n
spokesman phrased it (evidently
choosing that expression in the
persistent hope that Italians will
rebel against MussolinD.
Count Volpi can speak directly
for MuSsellni. HE'S "a geed- Fas-
ciSt. a close friend and personal
admirer Of II Duce. Mussolini adj
mircs Volpi, too. And Volpi is a
great negotiation.
Five years before he made his
peace speech in New York,
Volpi. then Italian finance minis
ter received a real Roman tri-
umph welcome when he returned
TO Italy from a momentous mis-
sion TO Washington. He was
greeted as a hero. because he
negotiated an agreement for fund
ing of Italy's debt TO America.
Landing Count Volpi, Mussolini
said on Dec. 5, 1925:
81 think that henceforth
America and Italy will he able
to travel the long road together
In anify ~
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-02-06

was stated that armistice over
lures would he acceptable if they
came direct from Premier Musso-
lini.
British authorities pointed out
that repeated fears have been ex-
pressed in England that rebellious
AbySsinian tribeSmen might mas
sacre Italian settlers in Ethiopia.
Now il is impossible 10 evacu-
ate the Italians. but the British
recently expressed the hope that
the Italians would trek to some
nearby British-occupied zone.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1941-03-07
WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS
NaI Troop Detachments Enter SPAIN
Hitler Threatens New Sub Warfare;
u. S. Invokes Priorities on Aluminium
And Tools, as New Defense Measure

opinions columns
Inv Weatern New Iunn
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1941-03-07

run, SPAIN. - German sentries are
shotUn here housekeeping" on their posts
at the point sUhere Spanish territory meets
that of occupied" France. Detachments
Of Nazi troops haze been reported to
haze entered Spain.
by hurricane and fire. In many
quarters, however, it was pointed
out that Santander was $50 miles
below the French border, and that
this force might be the vanguard of
a Spanish-Nazi army which would
make an attack or a feint against
Gibraltar.
In speech on the 21st birthday of
the Nazi party Hitler told his people
that new phase of the war was
coming in short time and threat
ened a new and more terrible SUBJ
marine campaign against British
shipping. He said that new SUBJ
marine crews had been trained and
new U-boats would be launched in
the coming stepped-up attack.
The general belief was that Hit
ler's master plan of strategy was
unfolding itself gradually in a series
of moves, some of them military,
some of them diplomatic.
The plan, it was said, is based on
the fact that in any invasion Of
Britain the Nazis would be under a
disadvantage in not being able con-
ceivably to put an equal force on
the British Isles.
This being so, the main Hitler
plan was said to be to strike in sew
eral different directions, i.e.,
Greece, Gibraltar, Africa, Malta,
Suez, and in the South Pacific in
order to screen the chief and GEN.
trail effort to land troops in Britain.
It is figured, so these authorities
say, that this plan might conceiv-
ably mislead the British into NOV
ing considerable groups of war units
from one territory to another, might
keep the fleet busy at the wrong
place, might cause the sending of
many British air squadrons away
from the isles themselves.
Should this turn out to be based on
fact, then it would push the date of
the invasion attempt back from ear
lier estimates, and make the May
date seem more likely than one in
March or April.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1941-03-07
CAPITAL CHAFF
GOVERNMENT FEARS RISING
PRICES

EX-SeuatOr hluS Ol OIdu VlSltSu
the senate the other day, sat in his
old seat and itched with the impulse
to rise and address the chamber.
Blind ex-senator Gore Of Okla
homa came into the chamber on the
arm of page and listened with up
lifted face and rapt expression to the
debate.
Following isolation demonstra-
tons in. the senate galleries last
week, Capitol police keep all visitors
lined up on the lower floor, and adj
NIT only few at time.
Latest issue of the magazine 'sNa-
tional Republican" blithely ignores
Wendell Willkie, but heaps four col
unans on ex-Ambassador Joe Ken
needy for his fight against the lease
lend bill. The magazine also has a
few kind words for Norman Thorn
as, the Socialist candidate, who also
opposes the bill.
The FBI is advising all plants do
ing defense work not to sell their
waste. paper but to destroy it.
Henry Wallace presides over the
senate from the opening at IL until
1880, then retires to lunch on orange
iuice and "a cheese sandwich.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1941-03-07
MILITARY EXPERTS

This has certainly been tough
war for the military experts
both the columnist kibitzer or radio
amateur variety and the real pro-
fessionals. The amateurs have
been bad enough, but the biggest
boners of all have been pulled by
those who from training, education
and profession should really have
been expert.
The English and French bet their
national existence on the exporting
of their soldiers and sailors that
they could hold Hitler on the Magi-
not line and outmaneuver him north
of that. They pushed Poland into
the storm and then tossed her to the
wolves and left all the small ma
lions of Europe Chat had been adj
vised by their own military experts
to rely on allied strength) to be con-
quered in few weeks.
The English experts bet that they
could outfox Hitler on the Norwe-
gian coast. They were wrong about
that, too. Then Hitler's military
high priests told him he could clean
up the British Isles in 1910, but he
is still at the channel ports.
Mussolini's mighty military men
told him that Greece and North Al
RIGA were pushovers, and see what
happened to him. Japan expected
a tea party in China. She got it, but
it was spiked with arsenic. Russia
was advised by her professionals
that she could swallow Finland at a
gulp. That didn't happen and since
Joe Stain is more direct In his
methods, he liquidated his experts
and got some new ones. I don't
know if they are any better.
The sciences of both tactics and
armament have shifted too fast for
the experts. There are too many
imponderables in modern war. The
basic principles of war never
change, but military genius consists
in applying them to new conditions
and no such genius has yet appeared
mo, not even Mr.. Hitler's bright
young men, Notwithstanding their
unparalleled conquests. =.
For example Mr.. Winston
Churchill now tells us that this is
lust a war of Memberships and
land mechanical monsters-and that
we shall never have to mobilize great
masses Of men to 60 to Europe. I
don't know whether war is no longer
a matter Of mass man power or not
and neither does Mr.. Churchill. I
only know it always has been. He
is clicking pretty well on military
matters just now, but it's doubtful
whether any leader ever made so
many military mistakes in the
course of one lifetime and survived
them as public character.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1941-03-07
TONE OF WAR:
Stepped Uptvard

Generally speaking, the advent OF
March saw the war news on all
fronts stepped upward to new peaks
of activity, rumor and expectation
of a far more bitter and decisive
year than 1910.
There were more than minimal
signs that Hitler was preparing to
launch vital moves on at least two
fronts, with possibility that he might
add a third theater of war to his
effort and might include Japan to
take over fourth.
Most war observers returning to
this country and able to speak freely
expected the invasion attempt to be
dated somewhere between March 10
and May /.
Resumption of test daylight raids
over England were viewed as GER
tain sign that the day was not far
distant.
The move in the Balkans was ap-
parently being made, with Bulgaria
scheduled as the avenue through
which Nazi hordes would be given
an open road to the Greek northern
frontier.
Signs were less definite that this
might be accompanied by a move
to aid Italy in Africa, or that Hitler
would make a general Mediterran-
can offensive part of his spring plan.
A move which sent detachments Of
Nazi troops into Spain was explained
by German sources as the sending
of aid to Santander, badly wrecked
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1941-03-07
G EN- ERAL
HUGH s.
jon N SON
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Washington, ID. @.
WAR PRICES

One of the principal causes Of war
time shortages and sky-rocketing
prices is the fear of them. The man.
ager of any company making fin
ished goods out Of raw materials Ii
responsible for continuous supply. II
he sees ahead what seems to be q
period of scant material and rising
prices, he not only covers" by buy
ing for his usual output for six
months or maybe a year, but he
goes as far beyond that as his re-
sources will permit.
This is good business" from ev-
cry angle. It is good speculative
risk from the angle of probable ris-
ing prices. It is good insurance
against possible future shut-downs
or delays due to inability to get ma
terials later. Finally, there is
temptation even to borrow money to
increase stock piles and inventories
to abnormal size. A period of price
imitation is good time to owe money
and to own things.
The combination of all these rea-
sons is almost irresistible. Apply
them to all the thousands of bust
ness concerns, big and little, and
you have a tremendous national
force working everywhere to create
the very condition of fear which has
caused it.
Part of these reasons work in the
same direction for all individuals
and for the great war purchasing
government departments. All peo-
pie like to buy while they "can get
the stuff and before the price
rises" An officer in charge of an
arsenal or navy yard turning out
munitions has really dreadful re-
sponsibility for producing on or
ahead of time and in quantity. He,
too, fears the delays that future
shortages may cause and to the ex-
tent of his powers, will overstate his
requirements and build up his inven-
tories.
OF course, this is a form Of
"hoarding''-which is a war time
word of evil omen. It is truly evil
because the certain result of these
practices is soaring prices, to the
detriment of the whole nation and
sometimes with result of complete
economic collapse and disaster.
This column has continuously ar
gued against GENERALIZATION of fed
eral power, but in a war economy
some Capitalization is necessary in
the public interest. In the haste to
get the defense program through the
legislature, not enough attention has
been given to this phase. We need
simpler and more direct emergency
statuatory authority to control price,
priority and increasing inventories.
This is subject that should have
the immediate attention of congress
even before tax legislation. We
could lose more through price in
fation in a year than increased taxes
could recover in 10 years.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1941-03-07
u. S. DEFENSE -. in the neps

q FWA Administrator Carmody an
nounced that the army and navy will
select tenants and set rentals for
defense homes occupied by their en-
listed or civilian personnel and the
other defense homes will be only for
the use of families whose principal
wage earners hold essential defense
jobs. The defense workers rental
will be set according to his income
and not the. size of the home.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1941-03-07

instead of being peacemaker, was
stirring up trouble by her actions
and troop and naval moves.
That Japan was either divided in
her reactions in the game of diplo-
matte and military bluff was evident
from what was made public. Am
bassador Nomura talked peace, dis
counted war. Japanese papers,
some Of them, said Nomura's task
(of preserving peace) was hopeless.
Two things appeared certain in
the Far East. Hitler was moving
warily and under cover, and Japan
was moving under pressure from
her Axis partners, apparently un-
willingly.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1941-03-07
CLASSIFIED
BINOCULAR REPAIRS
BINOCULARS s:';::s T. s:s;,: ::
MARYLAND LAB, ass N. Eutaw, Baltimore, Nd.
Humor and Gravity
MARYLAND LAB, 9

Twas the saying of an ancient
sage that humor was the only test
of gravity, and gravity of humor.
For a subject which would not
bear raillery was suspicious; and
a jest which would not bear Sc
rious examination was certainly
false wit.-Shaftesbury.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1941-03-07
LEASE-LEND:
Fight Bitter

The closing days of the lease-lend
bill fight were bitter, but the out
come was portended when final polls
showed So senators ready to vote for
it, and 20 opposed.
This was somewhat less than
the majority which administration
forces had predicted would pass the
bill and put it into effect, but still
a comfortable margin.
But the fighting in the last hours
was bitter, and many senators went
far out on verbal limbs in predict
ing what would happen when the
bill becomes law. t!
Senator Nye boldly declared "war
by April l." Senator Reynolds pro-
vided the most startling flop away
from Reoseveltian ranks and made
a three-hour speech against the bill
which used up Is columns of read
ing space in those anti-administra-
ton papers which printed its full
text.
The poll during the last days
showed 46 Democrats Republic
cans and l Independent for the bill,
with 8 Democrats, II Republicans
and Progressive against it.
Uncomrnitted were II Democrats
and IL Republicans, % votes and it
would take all of them to have up
set the majority of those who were
willing to commit themselves. =
The comments of most Of those
who said they would help pass the
bill seemed to be along the line
that they were voting for the bill
with "some reluctance" but felt
that it was the "only thing" to do.
But those opposed were vitriolic
in their condemnation, ranging all
the way from Nye, who called it
"the most outrageous grab of pow
er in American history to Rey-
nolds, who attempted to make his
opposition sound more restrained.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1941-03-07

q OPM Associate Director Hillman
said 81, 200,0 900 persons are now en-
ployed in non-agricultural industry
an increase of 100000 since last
May, and the greatest increase in
any similar period. Secretary of La
Dor Perkins said a survey of II key
defense industries revealed sat least
one-haf of the plants covered were
operating at least six days per
week."
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1941-03-07
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The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1941-03-07
SOCIAL:
Revolution

showed signs of crumbling under the
pressure of the national emergency.
The social upper crust were
taking their hats off to the East End
type of Londoner who was proving
himself hero in the war.
Smashed beyond recognition in the
September air raids, and with its
population suffering the heaviest
casualties of the war, the East End
ers showed their mettle as British
ers, and refused to be driven from
that part of the old town. 3
They were reported still living
there, in corrugated iron shelters
amongst the rubble of their former
tenements, Drawing the air raids by
day and night, and going about their
usual tasks calmly.
This sort of thing is not getting
them invited into the homes of
Mayfair, but it was seen as bringing
about social revolution that may
shatter the old caste system and
bring a different way of life to the
average ''man-in-the-street" type of
Briton.
Not only in that way, but in mat
tiers of economics a big change was
seen for England. Instead of being
the financial and economic power of
the world, the England of the future
was visioned as sort of 'haf-farm,
half-factory country shipping man.
ufactured goods and emigrants to
the Western hemisphere, and leav-
ing the dominions increasing amount
of autonomy.
Even those who feel certain that
Britain will emerge the victor in
the war, and as such the arbiter of
the new Encouragement of world
power believe that the British en-
pire will be much decentralized.
Leading in this movement, with
the apparent approval of Prime
Minister Churchill YVES Ernest Be-
vim, labor minister, who recently
gave out his immediate detectives
as:
Naturalization of all transport,
road, rail, and water; state control
of the Bank of England; public own
ership of all coal, gas, electric and
oil resources of the country.
On top of Bevin's promises Of bet
ter things for the working man and
woman, Churchill has promised
better educational advantages for
the masses.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1941-03-07

With the lease-lend bill close to a
final vote stage, the curtain was
about to rise on an increased tempo
in the war, and opposition members
Of congress in both house and SEN
ate were loud in their claims that
80 days would see this country added
to those actively in the war.
INDUSTRY:
Priorities
First real force of the current u.
S. defense economy was felt by the
aluminium and machine tool pro-
ducers as mandatory priorities for
these materials were announced. E.
r. Stettinius Jr., priorities director
of the Office of Production Manage
ment of the Defense Commission is.
sued the orders requiring that pro-
ducers fill all defense orders in
preference to nondefense when nee
essary to meet defense order deliv-
cry dates.
In his statement Stettinius said
that OPM had tried to keep alloca-
ton of aluminium and machine tools
on voluntary basis but it had be-
come necessary and desirable" to
enforce priorities so that defense
industries could get the supplies
they need.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1941-03-07

CHICAGO, I'LL. - Americas
most delicious cherry pie of the
year was made by Elsie Benson
(aboue), l7-year-old Geneva, Ne,O
York, miss and her masterpiece
won for her first place in the an
nuaI National Cherry Pie Bak-
ing contest. The pie earned for
her a 500 prize and a trip to
Washington, d. C.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1941-03-07
FAR EAST:
Crisis for u. S.

Most vital to this nation was the
crisis on the Far Eastern front, per-
haps part of the major Hitler plan
to weaken England by embroiling
the United States and Britain in a
war with Japan.
In this great diplomatic poker
game the stakes were the maximum.
Steps in the struggle, much of which
was being carried on behind closed
doors and in diplomatic chambers,
became gradually news items.
The British announced that the
waters off the Malay states were
being mined. The Chinese reported
100000 Japanese troops were ready
to move in the general direction of
Singapore.
The Dutch East Indies called all
ships into neutral ports. These
were just outward manifestations
that Japan, under Axis pressure,
was staging a show in the South
Pacific, a show that had repercus-
sions from the White House when
the President gently chided news
men and members of congress for
letting General Marshalls statement
of the seriousness of the situation
become public property.
In this game Germany was seen
as kibitzer, but one who had Japan
handling her chips on fifty-fifty
basis.
In the midst of it all came the
announcement from Japan that Nip
pom stood ready to act as mediator
to conduct negotiations for peace by
all nations anywhere who were in
volved in war.
This move received a cold recep-
ton in Washington, Sumner Welles
saying that with conditions at their
present pass, this nation was looking
to deeds, not words, and that Japan,
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1941-03-07
MORE PEOPLE die IN MARCH
THAN IN ANY OTHER MONTH

This Is because your resistance Is generally
lower after a long, hard winter. Your blood
may have thinned out due to simple anemia, and
instead of rich, red blood you may have thin.
weak blood. In such cases b. TONIC will help
nature restore your thin. weak blood to q
blood to have pep and vitality. 81 TONIC is .
Tonic, Appetizer and Stomachic. Good for young
and old. xnsaf on B-L Tonic AZ yos1 druggist
The Daily Alaska empire., 1941-03-05

fairly easy targets for air raids. so that vessels needing repair frequent ly have been bombed second time or even third time and have to be repaired all over again.
 Churchill also asked that the United States sell or lease mos quito boats" These are small, fast motor boats carrying torpedoes and equipped to lay depth charges, which the United States has been building at the rate of about one a week for some time.
 Churchill wanted them particular ly to ward off Nazi invasion, when it comes. Virtually impossible to hit because of their high speed-they can do 50 miles an hour-the mos- quito boats would be especially ef- fective against NaN troop-ships and barges attempting to cross the Channel.
 However, the mosquito boats which the United States is building are a little light for the choppy waters o1 the English Channel, and it is sig. nificant that the President already has ordered the redesigning of the stern of these boats in order to i'm prove their balance.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1941-03-05
BRINGING YOU THE NEWS

One day Kent Cooper, General Manager of The Associated Press, decided to throw his desk out of his office because people kept leaving things on it which he could conveniently tuck in drawer. Now everybody who comes into his deskess office and it's one of the busiest offices in the world gets immediate action.
 This fact about the AP and a great many others told in article in the current issue of Forbes Magazine. The author, William Brooks, for mer Managing Director of The Associated Press of Great Britain, Ltd, sheds light on both the human and operation sides of the AP.
 Getting things done is characteristic of the AP head He humanzed the ultra conservative sometimes stodgy-news reports. He gave human breadth and background to the factual accounts He expanded the financial services until todays AZ maket and financial quotation selices are probably the most comprehensive and speedy reports of busi- activity.
 Foreseeing the quickening pace in store for busi- and general living, he re-routed the vast net works of telegraph wires to operate swiftly efficiently and economically. He replaced the old time Morse sending keys on the telegraph circuits with modern, high-speed teleprinters.
 And he the first to conceive the practica- bty of sending photographs directly into newspaper offices by leased wires sdeby side with the news.
 It was this concern about the staff that led him to foster APs model pension plan years before Social Security ever was thought of as a government pro- ject Recognizing that the swift pace of newspaper work caused to slow up early in thier careers. and believing that the staff must have the security of mind which comes with provision for the future, he got that done He improved wage standards, in- troduced shorter hours vacations with pay and sick and death benefits
 Since foreign channels have been blacked