davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1941-08-19
Bx HAROLD H. WALL,

COrrespondent Of The star and North
American Newspaper Alliance, Inc.
GIBRALTAR, Aug. Z (By Air
maid Although Gibraltar has not
suffered the br1nt of Axis fury like
her less fortunate sister-colony
Malta, the war has caused many
anomalies and vicissi.udes In this
ancient and historical stronghold,
the gateway of the Western Mediter-
ranean, which has been in the pos
session of the British Empire well
over two centuries. since It's capture
from the Spaniards In 1704.
Apart from . few mild scars, In
fiicted during the large 2ale air
raids of last September q Ind Is,
Evening star., 1941-08-19
Two at Embassy Here
Promoted by Jopon
~ thu Associated Press.

TOXIC, Aug. 19.-The Foreign
Once announced today that Katsuzo
Okumura and Koto Matsudaira,
second secretaries at the Japanese
Embassy IN Washington. had been
promoted to first secretaries.
Hidenari Terasaki. formerly q
consul. was promoted te,second sec
retary ut the Embassy
Evening star., 1941-08-19

Cl T. lOT war DuliQl0g asked.
Page B-l
Veto of the proposed construction
Of the s35 100000 War Department
Building in Arlington County, Va.
was urged on President Roosevelt
today by the Washington Building
Congress, an organization composed
OF representatives of every phase
of the building industry here.
The proposal. incorporated in a
military appropriation bill passed by
Congress, was sent TO the White
House yesterday.
The Building Congress, in letter
to the Chief Executive. urged that
the project be vetoed "in the name
Of planning" and in the interests
of national defense"
The letter also requested that the
War Department be asked to re-
consider "the whole subject of ex-
treme Capitalization with its pos
sible by-products of isolati and of
focused attack
Has More Than 500 Members.
The Congress. which was estab-
hshed about four years ago. has
more than 500 members. among
them architects, builders, contrsc-
tors, subcontractors, manufacturers
representatives, suppliers of mate
rails, attorneys and financial
leaders.
Text of the letter follows:
Dear Mr.. President:
The Washington Building Con-
gress places itself on record with
civic. professional and other organ
izations as opposed to the place.
ment of the War Department Build
ing in one central location, as pro-
jected on the south side of the Po-
tomac River, for the following rea-
sons.
Il. War Department headQuar-
ters will be nerve center, damage
to which might we'll paralyze war
activities. Presumably, it and its
approaches will be subject to attack.
Current reports indicate the futility
OF blackouts and the ease with
which riverside targets can be
spotted in time of raid 1t is sub
mitted that the centralization and
the proposed location offer an in
viting objective even for token
bombing.
80. Access to the proposed site
for the great bulk of employees will
(See WAR BUILDING, Page A-5D
Evening star., 1941-08-19
Dykstru Not Due College
Salary, Court Rules
By the Associated Press.

iooOOIdVCU
MADISON, Wis, Aug. 19.-Circuit
Judge A. C. Hoppman ruled today
that Clarence A. Dykstra was not
entitled to receive pay as president
of the University of Wisconsin while
he served as national selective serv-
ice administrator.
The judge decided that Mr..
Dykstra was barred by the State
constitution from holding State and
Federal positions at the same time.
Evening star., 1941-08-19
Churchill Sees War Cabinet;
Gives Roosevelt Letter to King
Prime Minister Greeted by Crowds
In Streets on Return to London

American experts who attended the
historic parleys at sea.
Next came the formality Of being
received by King George. Mr..
Churchill had luncheon with the
King and delivered to him 4 letter
from President Roosevelt. On the
ocean Mr.. Churchill had delivered
to the President q message from
the King.
The public at large must wait a
few days for its report direct from
the Prime Minister. Mr.. Churchill
will broadcast next Sunday at 8
pm. g pm, E. S. t..
Mr.. Churchill arrived in London
lSee HIIIIQCIIrII Para ~
Evening star., 1941-08-19
Elliott Roosevelt
Arrives in London;
Sees Winont
By tn. Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
LONDON. Aug. 19.-Capt. e.
lott Roosevelt arrived in Lon
don today.
Capt. Roosevelt saw United
States Ambassador John G.
Winant at the Embassy.
Young Roosevelt, son Of the
President, served as a military
aide to his father at the his
toric sea conference with Prime
Minister Churchill last week
and arrived in London few
hours after Mr.. Churchill re-
turned.
Evening star., 1941-08-19
(See BETHLEHEM, Pa
ltoIions Attacked
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
ROME, Aug. 19.-British troops in
steadily growing numbers have been
attacking Italian forces in the
Gondar region, one Of the last
Fascist pockets of resistance in
Ethiopia, the Italian high command
said today.
Evening star., 1941-08-19
BY JAMES FREE.

Ihe war department. All
nounced today a policy of re-
leasing selectees and enlisted
men of the National Guard after
an average Of 18 months OF
active duty providing the
United States does not become
more seriously involved in the
international situation" Some
will be sent home after as little
as IA months of service.
About 100000 selectees and en-
listed men in the Guard, who en-
tered the service late last year and
would, therefore, complete IL
months of service during 194l, will
be released by December 10, under
the plan. so they can reach their
homes before the Christmas holi-
days
Enlisted suardsmen (other than
oficers) and selectees now in train
ing are to be released from active
duty on their own application in
accordance with the following pri-
critics:
l. Dependency and hardship cases
when properly established.
2. Men % years Of age and over
on July 1, 1871, regardless of length
of service and in the order OF length
of Federal service.
3. Married men desiring discharge
st the end of their IL months
service.
Uniform Rate.
The releases are to be made at a
uniform rate, it was stated, so that
organization efficiency will not be
lowered too seriously. Men whose
units are engaged in maneuvers or
on other special training exercises
will not be released except in cases
Of dependency, hardship or other
emergencies.
Enlisted men of the Guard and
selectees not covered by the prior
tiles will be released from duty after
an average of 18 months service
and some after as little as IA
months service, it was declared, al
ways with the qualification that
carrying out the plan depends on
continuation of the present inter-
national situation without more seri-
GUS developments.
Periods of service will depend on
location of units, their schedule OF
training and their assigned mis-
eions
Men eligible for release, but who
desire to remain on active duty
longer than year may do so, either
by enlisting in the Regular Army
for three years or by requesting ex-
tension of their terms of active
service to the 80 months now au-
thorized by law.
enlistment Qualifications.
Selectees and guardsmen % years
old or older, however, must meet
qualifications recently established
for Regular Army re-enlistments.
Recently the War Department is
sued instructions that soldiers in
the Regular Army would not be
permitted to re-enlist unless they
were commissioned officers or
had demonstrated clearly ability
warranting appointment AS non
commissioned officers or unless they
had received specialist training.
This policy is expected to result in
steady improvement in the quality
of soldiers on active duty, 1t was
explained.
Army Regulars whose three-year
terms of enlistment are completed
before December 81 are to be dis
charged unless they qualify for re-
enlistment.
National Guard officers are to be
released on the same basis that
was announced recently for Reserve
officers. In February, the War De-
partment announced that about so
per cent of the Reserve officers
would be released from active duty
(See DRAFT, Page A-4)
Evening star., 1941-08-19
BY the Associated Press.

LONDON, Aug. 19-Prime Min
lister Churchill returned home today
from his bold Atlantic conference
with President Roosevelt and, after
being given a rousing greeting by
street crowds, he plunged imme-
diately into the task of reporting on
what he had done.
He presided over a special meeting
of the war cabinet, giving de-
tailed account of his conversations
with the President and of the plans
to step up the fight against Hit
lerism. He reported also on the
world survey made by British and
Evening star., 1941-08-19
French Can Buy Meat
Of TubercuIur Animals
a, tt, Axsoc;.t.d pr.xx

b tie Associated Press.
VICHY, Unoccupied France, Aug.
19.-Because of the growing scarcity
of meat the French government
today authorized the sale for public
consumption of meat from tuhercu.
lar animals under certain condi-
tions. =
Evening star., 1941-08-19
Summary Of Todoy's Star

Sports.
Collapse of Indians biggest mystery
OF baseball season. Page A-12
New 2s-year Army draft ceiling
helps baseball stars. Page Ala
Eastern grid boom looms. despite
inroads of defense. Page A-13
Bud Ward sees six men barring path
to amateur golf title. Page Ala
Evening star., 1941-08-19
Veto on War Office
In Arlington Asked
By Building Congress
Letter Urges Roosevelt
To Kill Proposal in
Name of PIonninq'

VIRGINIA WOULD TAX Army
workers in new War building.
Page B-1
RECONSIDERATION OF D. C.
SITE for War building asked.
Page B-l
Evening star., 1941-08-19

(See JAPAN. Page A-4)
Evening star., 1941-08-19

(See CHURCHILL, Page ABB
Evening star., 1941-08-19

afternoon and tonight; lowest tonight,
So; tomorrow clear, slightly cooler.
Temperatures today-Highest, "a, at
pm; lowest, SO, at am; 80 at 2 p IN.
From the United States wsarner bureau report
Full Details on Pase Az.
Evening star., 1941-08-19

(See DRAFT, Page A-4D
The people's voice., 1941-01-22
Labor Declares
CONTINUED from Page one)

CONTINUED from Page One)
and the vigor of American democracy.
Keep in mind that the dictator nations
are the only nations wholly free of
labor strife in peace or war, but this
is accomplished at price that Amer
lea cannot afford to pay. The price
has been the destruction of labor or
ganizations and employer organiza-
tions alike We don't believe in total
itarian industry and labor battalions.
In contest between the nazi system
and our own we cannot hope to save
our system by adopting Hitler's meth
DDS
AS for sabotage the CLIO is the first
to oppose it. When saboteur wrecks
a factory, or an airplane assembly
plant it is our workers who suffer.
When an arsenal or powder magazine
explodes CLIO workers are killed or in
jured When loaded ammunition is
intermingled with blank cartridges so
that soldiers on maneuver will be in
advertently shot it is our union mem
bers or the sons and brothers OF our
members who lie wounded.
The CLIO workers favor drastic
measures against sabotage. But again
we in the CLIO want to be certain
that measures purporting to curb sab
otage did not originate In the minds
of labor haters to destroy organized
labor.
The Montana CIO local unions are
every phase of the defense
program, but they are not subscribing
to un-American theories and anti-so-
cial policies merely because they are
labeled defense. We of the CIO, are
not going to be sold a bill of goods,
because it is wrapped up in a flag;
we propose to reverently unwrap the
package and find out If its contents
are as worthy of respect as the cover.
To do this, in the congress of the
United States or in the Montana legis-
ature, we are only doing our duty as
oyal and Conscientious citizens of this
country.
Fraternally yours,
SYLVESTER GRAHAM,
President of the Montana Industrial
Union Council.
The people's voice., 1941-01-22
ALL AMERICA

The President has seldom been mod
est about U. S. power. In his recent
message to congress on the state of
the union, he thought the U. S. power
full enough to bring freedom Of speech
and worship, freedom from want and
fear everywhere in the world" Such
a belief naturally implies a high re-
gard for our industrial power. How
ever, in the same speech, he erred on
the side of understatements when he
declared: "And let us remember that
four continents Europe, Asia, Africa,
Australia), the total Of those popula-
tions and their resources greatly ex-
ceeds the sum total of the population
and the resources of the whole of the
The people's voice., 1941-01-22
WHAT ABOUT IT?

| Note! In all the above this Hamil-
ton was able to speak and write
against the Constitution at a time
when the Constitution could be CRATE
full for every support.
He, the forefather of Main Street
and Big and Little Big Business, was
protected in his freedom to criticize
and condemn by the very spirit Of the
American people and by the very Con-
stitution itself. That freedom he exer-
cised proved that the people were
and by right ought OF be free even
in time of public stress and crisis
to discuss, to recommend, to think and
to demand to do anything short of
going over to the enemy, in their eff
forts to democratically control gov
ernment Yes, democratically control
government even in time of war!
But can people today do the same
even though the United States are
not actually in war? Dare people
have books on their shelves that sug-
gest something wrong with the Capt.
talism Hamilton worked 80 hard to
place in supreme national control?
Hamilton was permitted to criticize
democracy in favor of the rule of
gentlemen of wealth" Capitalism to
you'd. Can you, writer's, speakers.
teachers, business men, not pre-des-
tined to a Kiwannian heaven of eter-
nal profits, or you Mr.. Farmer, criti-
,ize much longer in safety this Capt.
.alism in favor of a wee wee bit of
better and more real democracy?
No Sir That would make for dis
Inionl We must be nationally unitedi
United on What and with Whom?
And how about uniting with us?
We are majority of Americans. We
ire poor. Come all ye hundred per-
enters and stand firm with US in the
conviction that the need of all men for
real sufficiency for life, liberty and
ursuit of happiness is worth thought
nd honest to God sacrifice and efforti
Help us to be gloriously triumphant!
The people's voice., 1941-01-22
THE LONG VIEW

President Roosevelt's denunciation
OF those who would 'appease the
nazis" was categorical enough to OBJ
scure the serious talk Of peace nego-
tiatiens which persists in Washington.
Peace talk is based on the fact that
Britain's situation is far more desper-
ate than the American public realizes,
and that fulfillment Of the Presidents
promises Of ever-increasing aid is prof.
ected too far into the future to have
immediate effect According to the
best Washington sources British vic
tories in Africa and Greek victories in
Albania, however brilliant in them
selves, are, in a sense, diversions; they
cannot decide the war which is being
fought over England. And in Eng
land, the decline in production and in
raw material supplies is reported to
have passed from the "slOw" to the
marked" stage; continuation of aeri-
al and submarine warfare may soon
make the decline "precipitate." This
kind of talk is documented by the
latest Foreign Policy Report, which
says: "In the most crucial field, air
craft production, it has been estimated
that (British) output declined from
record peak in August to an average
of 1,700 planes in September-Novem-l
ber" In contrast to British plane
production, estimates of German pro-
duction are never below 5000 month,
are frequently much higher. Whether
Britain can continue to resist until
us. production reaches stage where
it is of material help is an open ques-
tion. The real damage done by aerial
attacks on Bristol, the Midlands and
Liverpool has not been reported in the
press.
"Uneasy Truce"
Obviously, this makes the defense
of Britain rest on the U. S. When,
in his address to the Pilgrims Society
praising Lord Halifax, Winston
Churchill spoke of the possibility of
an uneasy truce" should U. S. aid
fail, he may have been % laying the
groundwork for a negotiated peace or j
(2) again saying cor else to the U. S. s
government (UNCENSORED, Dec. 21,
1941) The speech recalled the late t
Lord Lothians yelled threat of last t
summer that no one could promise t
that the British fleet would not be t
surrendered When that speech near c
ly thwarted the destroyer deal, Church l
ill made his impassioned promise that i
the fleet would never be surrendered, I
would retreat instead to Canada. The t
goal is probably not to
goad the u S. into declaring war,
but to induce our navy to convoy
ships across the Atlantic. Conveys e
mean war But conveys would not n
reduce the bombing attacks for long t.
time, though they might relieve what #
is claimed to be a serious food short a
age. (Although up to now reports of fl
food shortages have seemed alarmist, a
it is possible that the bombing of g
Liverpool destroyed stores on which e
England has been counting to carry t
ler through difficult months.) d
Meanwhile, U. S. plane production, Il
whatever peak it can reach eventu- #
lilly, is nowhere near rate at which A
t can save Britain. In January, u. Lti
). factories are expected to produce CT
100 planes. But, though Britain may a.
The people's voice., 1941-01-22
SHIFT

Sentiment on Americas role in the
war seems to be divided among four
important groups, exclusive Of outright
are united in wishing defeat for nazi-
ism; their differences center around
Americas entrance into war. These
groups are: ~ those who regard
aid to Britain as ultimately less i'm
portant than staying out of war and
wonder if the two policies can be in
definitely reconciled (Senator Wheel
err; (2) those who favor extensive
aid to Britain always short of actual
military Intervention civilian Allen
White); (3) those who, while they
might like to stay out of war, regard
aid to Britain as paramount and worth
any risk Lewis Douglas) (4) those
who want an immediate declaration
of war and are concerned only with
proper strategy to swing public opin-
ion (Col. Henry Breckenridge, Herbert
Agar) Until recently, what could
once be called the White Committee
has served as an amalgam of the latter
three groups; the past month, how
ever, has seen the abdication of the
second group in favor of the more
intervention minded sections. This
abdication has been especially marked
by William Allen Whites Imam cam
paign against some of his interven-
ZIONIST colleagues: his copyrighted
article in the Scripps- Howard press,
his mot Our War" editorial in the
Emporia Gazette (UNCENSORED,
Jan. ~, and his recent letter to John
T. Graves II, columnist for the Birm-
ingham (Ala.) Age-Herald, in which
he said: II just can't remain head of
an organization which is being used by |
those chapters New York and Wash |
ington) to ghost dance for war GER
tainly do not agree with anyone who |
wants to make climate in which the |
war bug will grow" Mr. White char
the New York and Washing
ton chapters as "a bunch of war
nongers."
Mr.. Whites successor as chairman
If the Committee to Defend America
by Aiding the Allies is Ernest w.
Gibson, a political nonentity from
Vermont Of whom nothing was known
Until his interim appointment to the
j. S. senate last June. Until then,
Mr. Gibson's experience included only
minor political sinecures-state's at
orney of his home county, and sec
etary of the state senate. Typical
II Mr.. Gibson's logic and old-fashioned
ratory was his maiden speech in the ,
J. S. senate denouncing opposition to
he conscription bill: Let us arm for
he women we would save from the
avisher, for the children we would
uard from eternal bondage, and for '
he affairs the swastika would dark !
n" Further in this speech, he OBJ
eryed that, in the event of German |
ictory, "the nazis would rule us in {
language we do not know" Even
lore revealing was his objection to |
1cluding in the provisions Of the Ma t
onal Guard mobilization resolution t
imitation of service to the Western t
emisphere.
Although Mr.. Gibson succeeds Mr.. {
White as chairman, the actual head
The people's voice., 1941-01-22

of the committee will undoubtedly be
Lewis w. Douglas, new chairman OF
the national policy board. Mr.. Doug
las, a bitter anti-New Dealer and rep
resentative of high eastern finance,
has been one Of the leading figures
in the committee since it formation.
In 1884, he quit his job as director
Of the budget because he did not like
New Deal reforms. He now heads
gigantic Mutual Life. During the past
campaign, he led the Democrats-for-
Willkie. Even more than Mr.. Gibson,
Mr.. Douglas represents the victory Of
the interventionists in the civil war
which ragged within the ex-White COM
mittee. 1t is significant that Mr..
White in a formal statement endors-
ing changes within the committee
carefully refrained from mentioning
Mr.. Douglas; he only expressed the
hope that Mr.. Gibson would carry out
the committees work "as planned
full aid for Britain with U. s. en-
try into the war"
Elevation of Messrs. Douglas and
Gibson also symbolizes defeat for the
liberal wing in the internecine COM
The people's voice., 1941-01-22
NEW HIGHWAY CHIEF

Acting upon a recommendation
maze by Gov Sam c. Ford, the Mon
tana highway commission has an.
nounced Howard Holmes of Alameda,
Cal, former Montana highway engi-
neer had been selected to serve in that
capacity succeeding D. A. McKinnon
who has resigned Holmes was named
acting highway engineer by the COM
which also announced Nc
Kinnon's resignation would not take
effect until January 81.
The people's voice., 1941-01-22

w VoDtoTu ncmlD puoEo~-yo many SS<seS
| lover"
| The trouble is that the Presiden
telescoped too many things together
1t is true that the o. S. by itself con
tains no more than about six percen
of the worlds population, and thai
the entire Western hemisphere con
tains only about double that These
are small percentages But If con
sideration is shifted from populations
to raw materials and industrial re-
sources, Eyes, many times over" be-
comes far too sweeping statement to
be justified. President Roosevelt
overlooked statistics which frequently
have been pointed to in the past, and
which bear repeating, for they give a
somewhat different picture Of Ameri~
can strength.
One of the rock bottom foundations
Of modern industrial civilization is
iron. OF tremendous Importance, then,
is the fact that the U. S. alone pro-
duces approximately 80 percent Of the
worlds iron ore. Moreover, iron ore
10 lllDCu III SuOd, Sull6 anu loi dLilt
where production could be greatly in
creased. Even more important than
iron itself is the steel which is made
from it. But the U. S. makes 40 per-
cent of the worlds steel, and is finan-
cling steel production in Brazil OF
world production of a few other key
raw materials, the U. S. produces ap-
proximately the following percent
ages: copper ore, 80 percent; lead,
% percent; zinc, 80 percent; petro-
leum, 62 percent; cotton, so percent;
coal, "a percent These are only a
few; and the figures do not include
present and potential production in
Latin America and Canada, or even
our own potentialities.
Production
Raw materials may be the basis of
industrial civilization, but raw mate
rails are useless in themselves without |
the power to convert them into capital
and consumer goods. Here again, the
U. S. is far from being surpassed
many times over" Not only does it
produce three-fifths of the worlds oil
and one-fifth of hte worlds coal but
It produces at least 35 percent of the
worlds electric power and generates
30 percent of the worlds total horse
,ower
Possibly if the whole rest of the
world were first brought to the stage
If industrial development which we
lave already reached, and then devel-
ped further in direct competition
With us, we might eventually be COM
'letely outstripped. But II the U. S.
hould really cooperate with Latin
america in building a non-imperial
economy, even this is {
oubtful At any rate, such con-
ingency could not occur for many
ears, at least not for a generation.
md, inevitably, a great many unpre-
ictable things will happen in the
ext 80 years, which not even the :
resident can foresee.
Where the U. S. is now behind is in
7ar production, not in total capacity. l
his leads to the most important fact I
all, one which economists and en-
ineers frequently have made clear: /,
Idged by their potential capacity to \
roduce, Americans should never be 7
aced with the grim choice of guns .
r butter.