davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Imperial Valley press., 1941-02-17
Lettuce Ball at
BrawlevHo+eI

Probably the leading social event
of the weekend was Brawley's an
nual lettuce ball which took place
Saturday night in the Planters ho-
tel in celebration of Brawley's year.
ly golf tournament.
Residents from all parts of the
valley were present for the affair
and a number of hostesses enter
tained with cocktail and dinner par
ties prior to the dance itself.
Imperial Valley press., 1941-02-17

G. Beyschlag. j. F.. Brock. r. c.
Clemons, r. A. Dinsmore, jr.. NJ.
j. Dowd, Norman E. Dupont, J. d.
Foss, Scott B. Foulds, II. s. Cow.
Fannie @. McCory, John 'B. Nc
Neece, d. B. Roberts, Louis w.
Slee, C. E. Sones, Donald L. Young,
Eve Womer.
Imperial Valley press., 1941-02-17
Surprise Party
For Mrs. Ward

Mrs. Willis Ward was guest of
honor at a surprise birthday party
given Friday night by Mrs. Erna
Klock.
Guests were: Mesdames Murdah,
Caudle, Rodwell, Stephens, Schoon-
maker, Muncill, Pollard. Davis, An
derson, Hartsell, Miss Thelma Cau-
ole, Elizabeth Pollard.
Imperial Valley press., 1941-02-17
Guild Sponsoring
Dinner Tuesday

Presbyterian guild members are
sponsoring tempting dinner, open
to the public, to be served between
the hours of $3.50 in the church
social hall, a minimum charge be-
ing made.
Imperial Valley press., 1941-02-17
Senior Al Club
Has Box Social

Senior All club members enjoyed
box social Valentines evening,
the affair taking place in the I'M
pcrial Veterans hall.
Evening star., 1941-06-03
Army 10 Use Air Express
On Defense 'BoftIenecks'

Army plans to utilize commercial
air express facilities to speed emer-
gency defense products to any point
in the United States and tc Central
and South American ports were an
nounced today at the War Depart
ment. Atlantic sea bases will be
particularly benefited under this
program.
Heretofore, the Army has used air
express only for the transport of
serums. The air transport plan,
just completed by the Quartermas-
ter Generals ONCE, in collaboration
with IT air and rail express services,
will provide adequate facilities to
meet any emergency, it was believed.
Such items as replacement parts,
tools. motors. blueprints and even
new machinery, needed in any
emergency, will be shipped to any
Army station or any other estab-
lishment supervised by the Army, it
was said, where need of such items
creates a "bottleneck" in defense
production. Air express also will be
used in conjunction with ordinary
freight express to speed shipments
by air, rail or truck anywhere.
Seats will be removed from pas
senger planes whenever necessary to
put them into air-borne freight
service
Evening star., 1941-06-03
Hedges on Promises
Petoin Had Assured British Thot French Fleet
Would Be ScuttIed After Armistice Went in Effect

tions; CD that the United States
never intended to countenance any
thing which might hamper Great
Britain's freedom of military action
against the totalitarian powers.
Their aim was rather in the opposite
direction.
Obligations to British.
The capital fact is that the British
government not only steadily refuses
to this day to have anything to do
with the armistice treaties but still
maintains that, last year. the Vichy
government was not justified in
signing them because France had
not been released from its obliga-
tions under the Franco-British
agreement of March %, 1910, which
ruled out all separate negotiations
with Germany.
Indeed, on June Is, Winston
Churchill and his colleagues were
ready to release France from that
agreement on terms which were ac-
cepted (the fact was not divulged
at that time) by Marshal Petain
and M. Baudoin, minister of foreign
affairs. On June 19, both gave to
Mr.. Alexander, first lord of the
Admiralty. and to Sir Ronald Camp
bell, the British Ambassador, the
assurance that, were an armistice
to be put in force, the French fleet
would be scuttled, 1t turned out,
48 hours afterward, that very
different solution had been conceded
to Hitler, solution which was re-
jected forthwith by the ambassador.
The conclusion to be drawn from
the above is that the Vichy govern
ment, when it promises to withdraw
from the German conqueror all
military support, cannot pretend to
qualify it tacitly with the assumption
that the British government will
desist from the position it has
upheld hitherto, position as well
known to itself as to the United
States Government.
released by the North American News
paper Alliance, IncD
Evening star., 1941-06-03

believe the forthcoming Paris
Berlin Axis was one Of the
topics, since the conversations
between Admiral Darlan and
Hitler have been carried on with
no Italian representative pres
ent.
1t is assumed that Mussolini
has been kept posted on the
general outlines of the negotia-
tionS, but that a further clear
ing up of the whole matter was
deemed necessary in Rome.
While the actual terms which
would bring France to Germany,
bag and baggage. are not known,
1t is assumed that Hitler has
given the French ample guaranty
that not an inch of the North
African colonial empire will be
lost to Italy. One of the princi-
pal factors that put Mussolini on
Hitler's side was the promise
that Italy's claims on Tunisia
would be satisfied. and if France
were defeated extensive ter
ritorial readjustments" would be
made in favor of the new Italian
Empire.
Hitler's Mind May Have Changed.
There now are strong indi-
cations that the Fdehrer has
changed his mind and intends
TO direct Italy's expansionist
aims to the Balkans and
Danubian Valley. German forces
are reported to have arrived in
Tunisia and the French are said
to view this as good omen
that the Italians will be ex-
cluded there when the Egyptian
campaign is over.
Italian control officers dis
patched to North Africa in &C
cordance with armistice terms>to
help the Nazis supervise Frances
disarmament. recently have been
withdrawn. There are only few
Italian uniforms seen there now,
while Nazi uniforms are increas-
ing daily.
There was a time when II Duce
Evening star., 1941-06-03

To express accurately what Admiral
Darlan and Marshal Petain have in
mind, the pledge ought to be re-
worded as follows: The Vichy gov
ernment will not assist the Germans
in their war provided that the
British cabinet, notwithstanding the
armistice conventions which must be
fulfilled, agrees to regard unoccupied
France as a neutral state and to be-
have accordingly.
This means that the French gov
ernment, while it allows German and
Italian military forces to make use.
under the armistice conventions, Of
airflelds, railways and ports in Syria
and in North Africa, denies to the
British the right to fight their foes
wherever, on French soil, metro
politan and overseas. these foes come
within the range of their guns and
bombs.
Last week the British Intelligence
Service heard that Italian freighters
were loading phosphates in the
Tunisian port Of Sfax. Phosphates
are the kind of fertilizers most badly
needed by German and italian econ
omy. Lack of fertilizers may lessen
by 80 or 40 per cent the crops
available to the Axis In the district
of Gafsa, connected with Sfax by
rail, phosphates have been produced
in abundance for many years.
British Alert to Weak Spots.
The opportunity to strike at a
particularly weak spot. of German
ridden Europe's structure is not
likely ever to be missed by the
British. As early as the first months
of 1910, they approached NJ Daladier
with a plan for the destruction Of
German crops and forests by special
incendiary bombs. No wonder that,
the other day, they tried to sink
the Italian freighters in Sfax. They
will continue to do 1t as long as
they have a chance.
But, at this point, Admiral Darlan
comes in and declares in substance:
The Germans have a treaty right
to turn to their own advantage air.
fields, railways and ports in the
French Empire. but you. British,
have no business to retaliate and
strike at them.
That claim put forward by the
admiral cannot be substantiated.
Under it, the conventions of the
armistice are held as being of the
same nature as any international
treaty which third powers are bound
to respect. But international treaties
are binding upon an outside govern
ment only in as much as they do
not impair it's interests or 1t has
formally waived all objections to
them.
The plea put forward from Vichy
is that the United States, having
extended official recognition to the
government Of unoccupied France
and having established relations
with it upon the fulfillment of the
armistice, on the condition that its
terms shall not be stretched or ex-
ceeded, have no ground to complain
about the discrimination now being
made between Germans and British
To that argument the doublefold
answer can be returned: Cd That
the Vichy government has still to
prove that the new ranco-German
cooperation does not go beyond the
provisions in the armistice conven-
Evening star., 1941-06-03
This Changing World
Hitler May Have Told Duee Thot France
Was Toking Itoly,s Place as Mojor Axis Partner

could have taken Hitler to task
gently. But that was before the
African debacle and the defeats
of the Italian armies in Greece.
Now, however, that the situa-
tion has been re-eStablished SOLE
ly by the German Army and air
force, Mussolini can only beg for
information.
Hitler appears to have made up
his mind definitely that France
must become Germany's ally, and
that Germany's best chance of
winning the war lies in such a
union, with French bases, the
remnants of their navy and their
arsenals and yards at the Reich's
disposal. More important than
these, however, is the prestige
that France still enjoys in Central
and Southern Europe.
Hitler Is anxious to organize
Europe into one economic and
political body. The Germans are
feared but detested by the rest of
Europe. The Italians are conSid-
cred a huge joke. The French,
though defeated, continue to en-
joy certain ascendency. One un-
fortunate campaign cannot OBJ
literate centuries of glamour and
prestige.
France Must Be a Decoy.
Hence, in order to steel Eu-
rope behind the Axis-the forth
coming struggle with the West
ern Hemisphere makes such an
action imperative-the French
must be used as willing decoy.
Admiral DE- ~lan-whose role in
this new France is compared
with Hitlers when Hindenburg
was still alive but unable to
exercise his powers because of
age-was quick to realize how i'm
portant even Frustrated France
Evening star., 1941-06-03

was to the Fuehrer. He indicat-
ed to Berlin that what Laval
could not do, he would-at a
price. And the price he has been
asking was the re-establishment
of the French Empire-minus the
former German colonies and
Indo-China. So far as it can
be ascertained here, Hitler is
willing to pay the price, espe-
cially depriving Mussolini Of ter
ritories which he thought were
coming to him as a result of
Frances defeat.
There is no question about II
Duce's aversion to the new set
up, but he is not in a position
to argue. He must accept the
inevitable and become an over
sized Balkan power despite his
dreams of establishing a huge
Italian empire spreading eventu-
ally over the entire North Afri-
can Continent.
Evening star., 1941-06-03
The Political Mill
Signs Point to Bottle RoyoI in Prospective
Drive to Build St. Lawrence Seuwuy

eight years. Mr.. Nicholson, on
the other hand, insists that the
canal can be put in operation in
three years. Whether 1t Is three
or eight years, it is obvious that
no shipping constructed in these
inland ports would be available
during the present emergency. If
the struggle is to last for dec
ade. as some say, the shipyards
would undoubtedly be valuable.
Charges Same Lobbies Operating.
The director of publicity for the
Democratic National Committee
charges that the same "lobbies"
are at work today against the
ship canal as. he says, brought
about its defeat years ago. Men,
bers Of the House supporting the
project pin the label of opposi-
ton particularly on the railroads
and on the hydro-electric and
other public utilities producing
power and light.
Representative Copeland of
Nebraska, an opponent of the
project, demanded by what
stretch of imagination the
canal could be called a national
defense project, when 1t could not
be completed for eight years. He
derided claims that the canal
would be of real benefit to the
American farmers, obtaining for
them cheaper freight rates on
their grain shipped abroad
pointing out that such shipments
already have been greatly cur
tailed, and that the Canadian
farmers would be much better
served by the government-sub-
sidized railroads in Canada,
charging less rates to get the
grain to the shipping ports than
can be obtained by the American
farmers for similar service.
Opponents of the measure add
more arguments which they con.
slider of great Importance. In
the first place. this project is
estimated to cost hundreds Of
millions Of dollars, perhaps a bill
lion, at a time when the Ameri-
can taxpayers are hurdened, and
Evening star., 1941-06-03

will soon be much more heavily
burdened with raising billions for
defense projects and to meet the
huge public debt already existing.
In the second place, the charge
Is made that the ship canal could
be used only during half the year,
since there is ice from November
until May. The opponents see in
the canal, too. a threat to Ameri-
can coal mines and coal miners,
since it would be possible to ship
cheap coal from Europe into the
interior of the United States at
low rates.
Battle Royal in Prospect.
Representative Pettinger OF
Minnesota, who is supporting the
ship canal, points out that I'VE
already have a 14-foot seaway
from the Gulf of st. Lawrence to
the head Of navigation on Lake
Superior at Duluth" a distance
of 2,687 miles inland. The
project, he says, is to deepen the
seaway to q feet. so that larger
boats can travel up through the
Great Lakes.
The project, if it is UNDER
taken now. will require a great
amount of labor. The question
is whether that labor can be en-
ployed to better end for national
defense than in the construction
of this canal.
President Roosevelt has put his
shoulder back of the ship canal.
He is not lightly turned from any
project on which he sets his
heart. 1t looks now as though a
battle royal will soon be launched,
which will divide party lines in
Congress and be the subject Of a
long debate.
Evening star., 1941-06-03

the note deliver
ed q week ago to
the State De-
partment by its
Ambassador, Mr..
Henry Ha y e,
B u t, in t h e
course of the last
few days, evil
dence has &C
cumulated that
VlChy S promise
was hedged in
W | t n q & 20 q
m a ny mental
reservations.
Evening star., 1941-06-03

OF a column, just released, in
which he puts the project before
the country as essentially
measure of national defense. Mr..
Nicholson lays stress on the idea
that once this seaway-or ship
canals completed, it will be
possible for Americans to build
ships at inland ports and send
them down to the Atlantic-ships
of war and ships to carry sup
plies. He said that had the
treaty with Canada, providing
for the construction of the ship
canal, been ratified instead of
being defeated in the Senate
several years ago, 1T is estimated
that by this time the Navy would
have been richer by approx
imately 100 craft - cruisers,
tankers and smaller vessels"
The fight over the st. Lawrence
ship canal-for it will be a fight
is complicated. The Gulf and
Atlantic ports that handle the
shipments of freight now
freight that would go by the way
of the ship canal-are not going
to take the loss of this commerce
lying down. Members of Con-
gress who represent the States
which will lose this traffic will be
up in arms. The railroads, which
now carry the grain, iron ore,
coal and other commodities that
might be shipped by the canal,
see in its construction great
losses to them. The men who
work for the railroads don't like
the idea either. Furthermore, the
Federal Government has ex-
pended hundreds of millions Of
dollars in the widening, dredging
and maintaining of the water
ways that center in the great
Mississippi Valley transportation
system. The canal would take
trade away.
Bill Not Yet introduced.
Already sporadic debate over
the ST. Lawrence waterway has
taken place in the House and
Senate. The bill authorizing the
construction of the canal was in
troduced in the House yesterday.
Last Thursday the House listened
to speeches pro and con. The
President has devised the plan of
seeking authority through a leg
lslative act requiring only ma
jority vote in both houses instead
of the treaty form of attack.
A treaty must be ratified by a
two-thirds vote of the Senate.
A treaty with Canada for this
project might meet with the
same fate that the former treaty
did.
Originally the ship canal was
advocated by the President as
an aid to navigation and trade
and greatly increase water power
"a water-power project, indeed.
But now the stress is entirely on
national defense 1t is claimed
the big advantage, so far as ma
tional defense is concerned. will
lie in the new facilities for ship
construction on the Great Lakes,
in ports removed by thousands Of
miles from the ocean and less
vulnerable to attack. They would
be less vulnerable than shipyards
on the coast. They would add
greatly to the facilities for turn
ing out ships, which are the great
demand.
The opponents of the canal,
however, retort that it will be
years before the project can be
completed. Some saw it will take
Evening star., 1941-06-03
By CONSTANTINE BROWN.

Naturally, nobody here can say
what caused the important in
terview between the Fuehrer and
II Duce at Brennero. Naturally,
speculation is that the two die
tators are mapping the next cam
paign. anywhere from Syria and
Iraq to Spain and Portugal.
In some quarters it is even be-
lieved that in view of the gen.
eral talk that American forces
intend to take the Cape Verde
and the Azores Islands. an Axis
contingent of sky-soldiers might
be sent there before it is too late.
But reliable diplomatic sources
Evening star., 1941-06-03

Dear Ante:
Under sepa-
rate cover I am
sending you a
king.
He is Aimons
the First and I
trust you will
g e I as m u c h
pleasure out of
him as I have
out OF my little
King, Victor
Emanuel.
You haven't
Evening star., 1941-06-03
Fleming to Speak

Brig. Gen. Philip B. Fleming,
wage-hour administrator, will be
guest speaker at the regular meet
ing of ONCE Employees Union No.
11773 at $3.50 o'clock tonight in the
Hamilton Hotel. He will discuss ap-
plication of the wage and hour law
to white collar workers.
Evening star., 1941-06-03

it has become
apparent h a t
prognostications
of Am eric a n
entry into ac-
tive partlcipa-
ton IN the war
were eth e r
confirmed nor
dispelled by the
Presidents ut
terance.
The U n i t e d
States is not in
the war IN a
formal or official
Evening star., 1941-06-03
McLemore-
Gore and FEEDING
OF q New Kino

- Croatia became a kingdom
in ceremonies at the Qlirindl
Palace at Rome. MuSSolini stood
By in a black Fascist uniform
tOhile King Victor Emanuel
named his second coaSi,,, the
Duke OF SpoIet0, King AiHlone !
OF Croatia. Croatia is under the
control OF terrorist Ante PdDelic,
Duce OF the netDly founded king
dom ." Nel0s Item.
1t would not surprise US Il In
a recent mail Duce Pavehc re.
ceived this letter from Duce Mus
solini:
Evening star., 1941-06-03
BY PERTINAX.

The Vichy government pledged
itself to the United States many
times not to give any military help
to Germany. Such was the gist of
Evening star., 1941-06-03

Zone. The range of long-range
bombers marks the limits of the
Western Hemisphere and to get the
Axis powers to understand this was
Evening star., 1941-06-03

necessarily The Stars Such optnon are presented IN TIE
readers although such opinions be contradictory among
themselves and directly opposed to The Stars
Evening star., 1941-06-03
BY GOULD LINCOLN.

Signs are developing that the
administration is about to launch
drive to enact legislation for
the construction of the much
disputed st. Lawrence Seaway.
The director of publicity of the
Democratic National Committee,
Charles Nicholson, is the author
Evening star., 1941-06-03

the principal purpose OF the Presi-
dents address, as it may now be
viewed in retrospect.
Reproduction Rights Reserved)
Evening star., 1941-06-03
Axis Warned
On Defense
.Objectives
Roosevelt 'Chot'
Clarifies Aims
Of United States
BY DAVID LAWRENCE.

In the course of the week that
has elapsed since President Roose-
velt made his fireside chat that
was heard round the world,
Evening star., 1941-04-12

The Comparative Religion Glass
Of All Souls Church will not meet
tomorrow morning. Guest speakers
for April 20 will be Rabbi Silver
stone and April 27, DR.. Lucille
Dooley.
Edwin A. Swingle will speak to
the Mems Bible Glass of Eldbrooke
Methodist Church tomorrow morn
ing on Forty Days" and the
Ascension" President Bousson D.
Dawson will preside.
The Vaughn Glass of Calvary
Baptist Church will attend the
8 am. church service tomorrow.
The class session will be held at
800 am. with appropriate selections
by the orchestra, led by Chester
Hutchinson. J. st. Clair Hambly
will preside, Earl Fuller will lead
the singing and Linn c. Drake will
speak. w. w. Everett, jr., and Carl
Bogardus will assist in the devo-
tional service. Harold S. King, vice
president, Organized Bible Glass As
sociation, will be the guest soloist.
The Westminster Bible Glass Of
Westminster Presbyterian Church
will meet at the home of Mrs. Frank
Byram on Tuesday evening.
David J. Guy, elder of the New
York Avenue Presbyterian Church,
will be guest speaker tomorrow
morning at the session of the Men S
Bible Glass. The class will meet
in the lecture room of the Medical
School Building. opposite the church.
The Mems Glass of Calvary Meth
odiSt Church will conduct the service
at the Central Union Mission on
Monday evening.
The Phi Gamma Kappa Glass Of
Metropolitan Baptist Church will
have charge of the meeting at the
Northeast Mission on Wednesday
evening.
Representative John J. Sparkman
of Alabama will be the guest teacher
at the All States Bible Glass OF
Mount Vernon Place Methodist
Church tomorrow morning. Miss
Marjorie burst, secretary, announces
that the class membership now rep
resents two thirds of the States.
Judith King, chairman Of the COM
mittee for the annual banquet of
the Organized Bible Glass Associa-
ton on April %, announces that
the committee is gratified over the
response. The sale of tickets has
exceeded all expectations and she
regrets to announce that there are
no more tickets available. John
Murphy, tenor soloist of Hamline
Methodist Church, will sing and the
National Brass Quintet. under the
leadership of Joseph Virga, will play.
Evening star., 1941-04-12
DR.. Burgan 10 Talk
.'0n Easter and fhe
Present Age
Chorus Choir to Offer
.. Special Music at
HomIine Church

~Easter and the Present Age" will
be the subject of the sermon of DR..
III. w. Burgan at Hamline Meth
/, odist Church tomorrow at IL am.
Especial Easter music will be rendered
by the chorus choir. At GAS am.
the church school will conduct
Easter programs. At $50 pm. there
will be supper for young people
) and at 6:45 pm. the young people
and the High School League will
join in play entitled, The Ter
rible Meek"
p On Monday night the executive
OF the Womans Society of Christian
Service will meet, and at the same
time the Church Board of Educa-
ton will meet.
The Red Cross unit will meet on
Tuesday at 1920 am. At pm.
Tuesday the Dorcas Circle of the
Woman's Society of Christian Service
will present DR.. R. A. Kirkpatrick for
his seventh season, who will give
a lecture on the Colorado Rockies,
with natural colored illustrations.
Circle No. 7 of the w. S. c. S.
will have an entertainment Friday
night entitled Good Old Days" b"
Mrs. G. R. Wilhelm will give book
review.
The Church Attendance Crusade
will be continued after Easter
through the period up to Pentecost
Sunday, June /.
This church is giving New Testa-
ments to all of its young men who
have been called into Army camps
| for national service.