davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1941-07-31
News in BruziI

If the PRONUNCIATION by Brazil of
an order requiring all foreign news
dispatches to be channeled to Bra
lillian newspapers via Rio de Janeiro
was designed as checkrein on
European propaganda masquerading
as news, it has had the unfortunate
effect of opening the way for
greater influx of Nazi-controlled
news" Under the sweeping order,
newspapers outside of the Brazilian
capital are prevented from using any
foreign news received direct from
abroad, either by radio or cable. The
funneling of all such dispatches
through Rio de Janeiro, where it is
subject to government censorship,
means greatly increased telegraph
tolls in some instances and puts an
end to the widespread practice of
printing reports received by direct
radio reception.
Alert to the opportunity presented
by this situation, Nazi Propaganda
Minister Goebbels' propaganda
branch in the Americas, known as
the Transocean News Service, has
come forward with an offer to fur
nish large quantities of its peculiar
type of news to Brazilian newspapers
entirely free of cost. This is the
same agency which was convicted in
Federal District Court here of vio-
lating the Foreign Agents Registra-
ton Act and which was declared by
the Department of Justice to be "a
propaganda arm of the Nazi gov
ernment." Indicted with the agency
was its director of Latin American
activities, Guenther Tom, who was
sent back to Germany in exchange
for an American newspaperman held
by the GeStapo Inquiries by the
Dies Committee and testimony at the
trial of Transocean News showed
clearly that this agency bore no re-
semblance to ordinary press asSocia-
tions, in that it was, directed and
| financed by the Reich obviously for
propagandistic purposes. Federal
prosecutors charged that its South
American service was intended to
stir up discord and disunity in the
republics to the south.
In response to protests which have
been made to the Brazilian authori-
ties by newspapers affected by the
new order, a government spokesman
has indicated that press rates would
Evening star., 1941-07-31
Senate Chuirmen

The shifts in Senate committee
chairmanShipS recommended by the
Democratic Steering Committee are
logical and undoubtedly will receive
the prompt approval of the Senate.
Senator Walter F. George of Georgia,
who last year succeeded the late
Senator Key Pittman Of Nevada as
chairman of the important Foreign
Relations Committee, is transferred
at his own request to the chairman
ship of the also important Finance
Committee. This post has been
vacant since the death recently of
Senator Pat Harrison of Mississippi.
Senator George rendered the Gov
ernment able service as head of the
Foreign Relations Committee and
he may be expected to render
equally capable service in the finance
post. The new chairman of the
Foreign Relations Committee will
be that administration stalwart,
Senator Tom Connally of Texas, who
relinquishes the Craftsmanship of the
Privileges and Elections Committee
to Senator Carl A. Hatch of New
Mexico. Senator Connally, as an
active member of the Foreign Re-
lations group, has taken a leading
part in support of administration
foreign policy. Senator Hatch has
well earned promotion to presiding
officer of the Privileges and Elections
Committee. AS author of the Hatch
Act, which has proved to be an
effective weapon against pernicious
political activities, Senator Hatch
has done much to rid American elec-
tions of the taint of venality and
political corruption. His elevation to
a position of leadership on the
Senate committee most concerned
with preserving the integrity of the
ballot box will be welcomed by his
many friends and admirers.
Evening star., 1941-07-31
THIS AND THAT
By Charles E. Trdcet1eIl.

were fighting up and down a stick or
line in the air.
The robin for a time seemed to get
bit the worse of it.
The mocker was about to put it to
flight when suddenly the robins faithful
mate appeared on the scene.
She swooped down with such a rush
that the mockingbird Immediately few
away.
Two robins at time, he probably
felt, were much too much.
The male robin, as if nothing in the
world had happened, went to work at
once to find worm
We supposed he was going to reward
his faithful mate, but nothing of the sort.
When he finally pulled up worm he
ate it himself.
The whole action was essentially
human. There is something, indeed, so
humanlike in the robins that they are
set apart from most birds.
Even the most enthusiastic bird friend
will be willing to admit that there is
still touch of the serpent about most
birds. We do not think of this, unless
we stop to do it, because of our long
association with them, their pleasing
songs and graceful ways and interesting
habits.
The robin, however is so human that
no one, we believe. would stop to recall
its relation 10 the snake tribes.
The robin is one of the bathing-est
birds We have.
Few songsters make greater or more
persistent use of a bird bath.
These receptacles are best placed on
pedestals for robins. They seem to
prefer them in the air over baths set
flush with the earth. It is the song
sparrow which prefers the latter.
Every yard should have at least two
bird baths one elevated and the other
some sort of vessel which is sunk into
the earth.
The tall bath is best placed in corner
of the yard to the rear, while the sunken
bath seems best in some secluded spot
near the house There is an art in the
placing of bird baths. We may feel sure
that it does not make much difference to
the birds where they find them but to
the human onlookers the placement has
a great deal to do with how much enjoy
ment is received from these simple addi-
tions to good yard.
The sunken BATH in particular, should
be placed where it is easily seen from a
favorite chair in the garden. To see the
birds bathe at, their best the observer
must be able to watch them without
turning around after getting seated.
Birds do not mind ordinary movements.
but they do not like hand waving or
much squirming.
Gentlemen, be seated" the old min
strel slogan. applies perfectly here, but
with this difference, that when down
one should stay down and still. Perhaps
the observer would do well to be reading
w c. Handy's Father of the Blues"
an unparalleled collection of stories
about the real old-time Negro minstrels.
Evening star., 1941-07-31

@. What is the weight Of the enor-
nous chandelier in the Center Theater,
Rockefeller Center?-J. r. L.
A. The chandelier, which is said to
be the largest in the world, weighs
tons,
@. How did the Big Bertha get its
name?-T. L. c.
A. The long-range guns that bonn
barded Paris were called Big Berthas in
honor of Bertha Krupp, wife of the head
of the great armamen, factory at Essen.
@. Which country first recognized the
Soviet Union as a government?-S. L. p.
A. Although peace treaties between
the Soviet government and the Baltic
states were concluded in February, 1920,
the British government gave the Soviet
government its first de facto recognition
of any of the western powers in the
post-armistice period March Is, 1921.
italian recognition was completed De-
cemoer 26, 1921.
@. Is there any country which has
no ilhteracy?-T. L. NJ
A. Denmarks splendid educational
system has eradicated illiteracy in that
country.
O. What is the yearly mileage OF
Washington ID. c. taxicab?-C. G. A.
A. The average taxicab in Washington
is driven about $4,000 miles year.
1,-oc no DrpCidor1t nF t6a
United States to wear long trousers?-
r. H. M.
A. Thomas Jefferson.
@. Is the old home of the Wright
brothers still standing in Dayton, Ohio?
p. M. S.
A. The home of the pioneers in avia-
ton. together with the bicycle shop in
which they built their first successful
airplane, has been moved and set up in
Henry Ford's historic Greenfield Village.
@. How did barless cages in ZOOS orig
inate?-W. B. l..
A. Barless cages have been extensively
used in Europe since 1900. The creation
of this type of construction, in the mod
ern way, is attributed to Ursus Aggen-
schwiler, a Swiss artist. On the side
from which the visitors view the ami
mails, empty or water-filled moats form
intervening barriers preventing the ami
mails escape. Usually unscalable rock
work is used to inclose the background.
@. What occasioned Chopin's COM
posing the Revolutionary Etude"?-
w. S. R.
A. In July, 1881, when Chopin was in
Stuttgart, he received word that Warsaw
had fallen. The Russians were in pos
session of the city. The composer was
profoundly moved. To give vent to his
emotions he composed this piece for
piano
Evening star., 1941-07-31
"Socialistic State" Seen
As Failure in wealth Producing"

To the Editor of The Star:
If country cannot remain part slave
and part free, no more can it remain
partly socialistic state and partly free
enterprise.
The rapidity with which one or the
other will prevail is function of the
extent to which the socialistic plan draws
upon enterprise for its maintenance and
what other loads enterprise may also
concurrently have to bear.
Slavery exists whenever the producer
is denied the full benefit of his own
effort and SKILL and it can affect an Or
ganization as we'll as an individual. 1t
matters not that the diversion is made
in the name of majority" or is said
to be "for the public welfare" Any such
claim must sustain itself by its fruits.
If after an adequate opportunity so to
do, it still is unproductive, the claim has
demonstrated its speciousness.
For the past eight years. enterprise,
once free in this country, has been in
creasingly enslaved, both through arti-
fetal impediments and mounting taxa
ton, TO sustain plan 10 SUBSTITUTE a
socialistic state for that in which free
enterprise proved its worth.
And the socialistic program has DEM
onstrated itself as lacking (as might
have been foreseen) in the only attribute
assuming that freedom is not desirable
for it's own sake) which could possibly
Justify it's substitution-that of an in
crease in wealth-producing capacity. 1t
cannot even maintain itself-much less
produce wealth in excess of its own needs.
Such a program can persist only SO
long as there is an outside host upon
which it can feed. The host has been
enterprise (once "free'D, and the conduit
has been taxation and donation wrapped
In fancy language of the proceeds.
Any COW can be MIXED dry-and with
surprising rapidity.
Evening star., 1941-07-31

be reduced on the national telegraph
lines to enable them to buy more news
wordage from unSubsidized. bona fide
news services. Such a step seems
essential if Brazilian newspaper
readers are to continue to receive
news accounts that are factual and
uncolored, instead of thinly dis
guised German propaganda.
Evening star., 1941-07-31

Map of Asia-Few Of us know
much about Asia-haye but the
vaguest ideas of its size, its geo.
graphic divisions, or its immense
natural resources. If you want to
brush up on this subject so as 10
understand the war news, send for
a copy of this fine, big Map Of
Asia. 1t is right up-to date, 2lX20
inches. and printed in five colors.
The reverse side carries complete
economic and political data. A
handy reference for newspaper
readers. students and businessmen.
To secure your copy Of this map
inclose 10 cents in coin, wrapped in
this clipping, and mail to The Star
Information Bureau.
Name
Address
Evening star., 1941-07-31

The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to
the for republication of all news dispatches
credited TO 1t or not otherwise credited in this
paper and also the local news published herein.
All rights of publication OF special dispatches
herein also are reserved.
Evening star., 1941-07-31

podge of political compromises, 1t
might well prove to be more harmful
to the country than the economic
evils against which 1t is to be
directed.
Evening star., 1941-07-31
Letters to the Editor

Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address of
the tUriter, although the use of
q pSeudonum for publication is
permissible. The Star reserves
the right to edit all letters 1Uith
q Uie1U to condensation.
Evening star., 1941-07-31

Enterprise now must bear the war bur-
den. To do that effectively, it must be
freed of every draft which impedes it.
The New Deal calf must be weaned
and some even would suggest that it be
sent to join those little pigs that died
at its birth and for which the taxpayer
has vet to make final settlement.
HARRISON TILGHMAN.
Comments Ironically
On Mr.. Landons Views.
To the Editor of The Star:
Not knowing the whereabouts of AL
fred M. Landon, take this means of
trying to reach him. I note with great
satisfaction his approval of keeping the
boys in the Army on account of the
President having gotten us out on a
limb
1t is too bad that people everywhere
have not his superior wisdom and knowl-
edge of international affairs. Had the
Danes been possessed of it they would
not now be living under the heel of the
invader with their possessions confis-
Gated and their liberty lost. But they
had a bellicose attitude and are now
paying the penalty and it is too late to
help them. Our President has called
Hitler a thug or gangSter too many
times, I fear, to be lightly forgiven, so
it looks like we are in for it. But there
is still one people whom I think we may
help: The Portuguese. Will you not,
my dear Governor, for the sake of hu-
manity, join me in an appeal to them
to refrain from provocative speech and
to adopt a non-bellicose attitude, which,
as every one knows, will assure them of
peace, security and liberty.
H. c. BAKER, Jr.
Thinks Two Great Nations
'1nsulted" in Caption.
To the Editor of The Star:
The story was small, but the inherent
Insult was large. Pan-Americanism
stands to take a beating from our
journalistic carelessneSs.
On July 26, The Star insulted the two
most powerful nations of South America,
albeit unintentionally. The incident, let
us hope, may escape the attention of
Hitler's adopts at engineering Yankee
molehills into Andean heights. We
nevertheless shudder at the thought of
damage to the good-neighbor program
now so expensively being fostered by our
many newly created specialists, or should
we say experts, on Latin America
The Star captioned a story date-lined
Buenos Aires and about Argentinean
congressman, with the heading Brazil
ian Deputies" One of the gentlemen
was radical
We dread the thought of Nazi-prompt-
ed papers in Latin America seizing upon
such little incidents to divide the good
neighbors. For example, Brazil and the
Argentine are proud and intensely jeal-
Gus. Each considers itself the leading
Latin American land. North America
should be extremely careful in handling
South American news. The above was
nothing, even though Brazil has no con-
eressmen, President Vargas having sent
them all home in November of 1887.
And there are practically no radicals in
Brazil, ut least outside Of protective
custody. CHARLES A. GAULD.
Evening star., 1941-07-31
Huskin's Answers
To Questions
.Bu Frederic J. HdSkin.

A reader can get the dnSlCer to any
question Of fact by Wrtting The Eue-
ninq Star Information Bureau, Fred
eric J. HdSkin, director, Washington,
D. C. Please incloSe stamp for reply.
@. Are many religious sects opposed
to war?-E. c.
A. The members of over 80 individual
religious bodies are listed as conscien-
tious objectors These include the
Friends and the Mennonites.
@. What do the banks do with worm
out paper money?-N. G. D.
A. All old, worn and soiled money is
sent to the Treasury Department at
Washington, D. c. where it is macerated.
Banks receive new bills to replace the
old ones.
@. In British war slang. what does
the verb "de-Quisle" mean?-C. S. T.
A. This verb, derived from the name
of the Norwegian Quisling. describes the
removal of a vital part from a car.
@. Where was the first miniature golf
course?-R. K. c.
A. The Fairyland Golf Course, on
Lookout Mountain, near Chattanooga.
opened in 1923, was the original minia-
ture golf course.
@. How long did it take the Mormons
to cross the plains from Illinois to
Utah?-R. T. S.
A The first Mormon wagons crossed
the Mississippi River into Iowa on Feb
ruary II, 1916. The advance guard un-
der Brigham Young reached Great Salt
Lake Valley on July "a l847, after ira
versing LOO miles of wilderness.
Evening star., 1941-07-31
Rate bH Mail-Payable in Advance.
Member of the Associated Press,

Entered as second-class matter post ofice.
Washington, D. c.
Evening star., 1941-07-31
The Evening Star Newspaper Company.

Main ONCE: 1lth St and Pennsylvania Ave.
New York Office: 40 East 4"nd St
Chicago Office: 435 North Michigan Ave.
Ohio Waisenfreund. [volume] (Pomeroy, O. [Ohio]) 1874-1953, 1941-07-09

Spra6e mo 2iterotur beroonfte.
feben oicler Gertret,,ng ser Ilten
NOR Sic firblibe &,nit nibt pereei=
fen. Mebrere &l,pferltihe ltellten Go=
boels uniterblibe Meiitertperfe oor.
8ie ser 8etpobncr bes itillcu 3in=
mers Elm geipie9ter Sbcolo9c uno 90
bel eiu boFer Serebrer ser 9ricd)i.
ihen 2iterotur mar, 10 mar hoslclbc
5i1glciD nit 8ilbern driltlihen lmb
beQeniihen Sterbcns lmo 2cbens oe-
5iert. 9to6ocm Sobonna oaes bcie=
bel nno sic Nuslidt 9ceeu oos @tld)=
tai binob nod bcipl'noert bottc, iproh
lie: vSctt mub i6 ood gcbcn! Ntcine
liebe Ntl,ttcr fonute mid peru1iiicn.
oenn lie pcib nid5t, 100 id bin. -
Sd bite nod rm Sbrcn Scgen.' -
ullno Wos lou nit SEN &irdcn 9cid)c=
ben?" - iroate loHeno scr Goter.
u0ie fonn id nid)t mebr mitueb=
men, >. erluiocrte Sobonno. uGcr,ucn<
Sen Sic oicielbcn nod @,'toiinfeu. "
Stun, oonn ipcrb' ih lic in sic
&iicbe ididen, bomit bos ieltlome &c
ldcnf bcl'te ouf ren Gid fonuue'
lproh scr 9otcr. - ,,@mt, nbcr loAel
Sic bcilcibc nibt, mcr es 9cbroht
bat, Bat >Sobonno.
Sos pcrltcbt lih', ontportrtc ser
Eroicilor mo 9ob Oonn ser &ulcn=
ocn lci,cu Se9ell, Die lib boroni raid
cntfernte.
Ohio Waisenfreund. [volume] (Pomeroy, O. [Ohio]) 1874-1953, 1941-07-09

liebe, pie eiu N;onn Elm 8eib mr
lieben fam. Sd bin 10 oIiidlidL in.
night iiber5ell9t 5u iein, ooB Sobonna
meine @eiiible teilt, BOB Tie bcreit lit,
ibr Sos nit Sem nlcinen oi,f cipi1 ia
nerbnoeu. "a id) nun in scr 9aoe
bin oen botlten mciner 8iinld)c 5u
crfitllen ln0 mir eincn ci9enen Serb
5u griinoeu bin ih bierber ocfonllnen,
nnl nliinblid uu bic Sonb Sbrcr eos
len Eohtcr 5u Bitten, unb bin iiber-
de''et, oob SIR arntterbcr5 ocn Slid
Nbrcr Ginocr ocmlb niht entoeoen
iit.'
Sic Stirnc Ser 1Srou triibtc iitb.
@omimo fonntc cs nid)t cnt0cben,
ooB i1 ibr ein bcitlocr &ompi por-
achc. - Mls sic tSrou nod it)>pico
Iubr CT fort: sd, bite ,nm Sbr 50.
mort oa5lL Dos MIDI sum @liidlit,lten
oIlcr Sterblid)cn nodcn miro
@cid l,uo crnlt crmlocrtc Trou b.
Sdbonbcrg: uEcrcbrter Scrr, id) FEM
nc Sbre Gor5iigc nno lpciB oiciclhen
jn ld)osen, id miirnc mid gliiflib
prciicn, fonntc id mcinc lod)tcr ols
Satin cilca iolthcu Monuc5 icben
- obcr llntcr bicien Gcrb0ltnillen
fam lno oori if nid,t csbrcn ySlmi6
criiiIlcr."
Nic perltciuert 1tono Gonluno %,
Der iiinolt nod hic @riiiIl1no hcr
bohltcn Wiinld)c 10 nobc Dor lid) Job
uno in ocnlclbrn 10 oliidlid) NOR.
Seine Iorbc >pctleltc - bos Wort
ltodtc ollf lciucr ;}ruNc. Nph cinnoI
bot linn Sic tSrou lrclnolid) bcu Elob,
ct obcr ldl,lg i'm ouS: ,Nciu, nciu,
ncin, cole Trol! 9t,1r ein &ort, Elm
Mort 5upor olS Nbrcm Mlmoc, Sic
mcrocIL nein, Sic fonncn mid nitbt
nonenloS nnNliidlih nohcn. Sic
'luo 5u gut, 5,l enel, olS BOB Sic nit
Mcndenbcr5en Nrouiom lpirlen
fonnten. Nt,r ciu Mprt, ia - nm
hies bite ih!'
9'it erfin1pitcr Toiiuno ltono Die
tSrau Dor ibn.
CJortlcenno folot)
Ohio Waisenfreund. [volume] (Pomeroy, O. [Ohio]) 1874-1953, 1941-07-09

Sic @rbcit hc5 Tr0iiocntcn ser
Ser. Stootcn hat 10 519enou'men,
oob ictt ein Gutcno Scfrctirc fir
cln Sabrcs9cbolt bon iu5geiomt
100000 onaeItcIlt lino, ipobrrno DOR
IS Sobren nod elmer oenii9tc.
Eralioent borper iiibrtc 1929 Die
gnltclllmg bon orci Sefrct1rcn elm.
Noolepelt bcbiclt oicic ,3obl bci nno
fiigte iid bolo nod eineu ticrtcn ols
perlonlidcn Scfretor bin5u. Seees
Sobr ieocd bot leine Arbeit an I'm.
fong 5u9encn''',en, nno u,ltiuait er-
nonute er iciucn ~. Sefrct6r.
St,,r Orci BON ibucn erboIter lpeui.
ger ais $4,000 @cbolt int Sabre.
NuBer ieinen bier Scfrct0rcn bat
&oolepelt jctt 5 neutrality-suspicious.
ten nno orci Sonoeroiiiltentcu.
Ohio Waisenfreund. [volume] (Pomeroy, O. [Ohio]) 1874-1953, 1941-07-09

Nm EfinAltlorltoAe ltronlte bas
Golf int oibten Sd)orcu ou5 bcn,
6riiboottcsoicnIte. @crtr,,o in ltott
liher tScittoostrodt lpor cine ser let
ten; sic nl,5 oclu bobcu Eortole Scr
gotild)cn &irde id)ritt luo Scr 9o,t=
ben9olie 5ueiltc. Sic bottc gerooc ocn
Eforrplos int Tiidcn, ols einc frdf=
tigc Stlume ibr nodricf: ,8crtrlr,
,port ein bibheu." Sic fannie sen
Son, uuo bc9riiBte nrit ciucnn Irclluo=
:libcu ,,@utpn Morgen' sen '0ics,
ser int poIlent ,Seittoesitoot Dor ibr
itono. Sic fltr3cn, aenlalcoerncm
lomtlhpor5eu Soien, sic blenoeno
meibcn Striinpic, sic fnopponlie9en=
sc, brolne >sl,ppe licbeu sen berf,lli=
ihen &llhs oes @urid)cn II, id)6nitcr
&eiie berportrctcu v8crtrno', iprah
er, ,,ih mobte nit sir gcrnc eiu
ernltes 8ortl rcocu - uno licber
beute ols ,uorse,.' 0os 0ol1crn=
nl0od)eu modtc ,pobl obucu, mas ga
folnl1cn lollte, oenn ld)ii6tern orcr
frcuoig errotete iic. ,,96cr id) fam
mid uiht oufbolten, n,lB gleih bcim=
gebeu, nm oas cSriibitiid iiir sic !Serr=
i6oit 5u n,ad)cn, ocnn sic &ohin lit
in ser &apu5il,erfirhc orlrnten"
u's ooucrt nit laug', erlpioertc
l6mcideluo Sizes. uSn eiu poor Miz
nuteu it's ob9eton. 8cben mir oo
ms. 6eicrtossbaus bincin, oeuu lueuu
mir :ntitiolunen ourt sic Stoot ee=
bcn, mo Sic 9ente lns iebeu, boben
Tie aleid) aaerlei 5u rcoen'
@ertruo eing oaroni ein. 0os
Goar trat lit ocn luftiaen, bunfeln
Sal'ssons. ga ersriif ser @uribc
bcioc S16noe ocs Niohens nmo, ibr
ielt uno wcid in oic Nueen blideno,
iprod er: ,,2iebc @crtruo, ooB ib
Did lieb babe, baIt louse iebon luiiicl1
founen. Sett n1odt id oib bolt ira
gen, ob ou. mid o',h mohtcit.' -
Die Nn9en nieoeridloacno out
mortete fc: uBer ioate bih uidt
germ ba6eu? 8iit ia eiu bropcr 8ue"
"ltno uoIlteit ou mid o,Id beiro=
.teu', irogtc Sics ipeiter - ,,uno bolo
- 10 Bis in sen 9erbit?"
uN6cr luarl,m iibcrr,rmpellt ou
MIDI 10? &eiBt, oos mil ood) iibcr-
eodt iein', eut9egnctc perlesem Die
Girue.
Ohio Waisenfreund. [volume] (Pomeroy, O. [Ohio]) 1874-1953, 1941-07-09

s3,pei &eiienoc iteieen in ein Nb-
tell. Ger erite rnit: u@ier erltite
id!' uno oflnct Sos tSel1iter.
Der 5,peltc: veier erfGlte i6 MIDI,
uno id)liebt cs.
Scr critic oiinet es ,picoer unS
lo9t: "Sbre Grfolt,no befommen sic
crit nod ein poar 2o9cn; ober er-
itideu fauu man ioiort.'
Ohio Waisenfreund. [volume] (Pomeroy, O. [Ohio]) 1874-1953, 1941-07-09

rllu'ere moocrnc gclt pcrfoufte
Die sdo"5eit Iiir einen Shnttbon.
Icn", crflortc @iid)oi 5. %. @annon
onloBlid scr 10. >obrcsicier Ser
&otbolilden 2idtcruerci,liouuo BON
Nuerito. stutborfcit lci OF bic Stcae
oes Srin5ips, Moht iiir &cbt, Sol
lc'llurm fiir TricScu ecitellt moreen
uno Scr Motcrialisnus reeicrc sur
Stunoe sic gSc!t.