davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1941-04-19
Cooling Off Period

In its broad aspects, the Vinson
bill requiring observance of twenty
flve-day cooling off period before a
defense strike can be called is a
sensible and fair approach to the
problem of eliminating unnecessary
interruptions of the armament pro-
gram.
There is good reason to believe
that the procedure outlined in this
bill, which has been approved in
committee and which probably will
be voted on next week by the House,
would prove of great value in many
cases in facilitating the settlement
of legitimate employer dis
putes without resort to strikes. Skill
full and timely mediation, when both
parties to a dispute are genuinely in
terested in coming to an agreement,
already has proved its worth. And
the primary purpose of the Vinson
bill is to bring the influences of con-
ciliation and mediation into dis
puI6 U61UI6 1dGIlCI C1loA aAOOA o
strike has been called.
BY no valid stretch of the magma
ton could that be said to abridge
any of labor's rights. Freedom to
strike, if conciliation and mediation
fail, is not impaired, although the
Vinson bill, merely because it is re-
strained in this respect, should not
be interpreted as carrying any final
assurance that use of the strike
weapon will not be denied to labor
If it is abused to the extent of Sc
riously impairing the defense effort.
One section of the bill requires
preservation of the status quo with
regard to open and closed shops in
defense plants. This obviously is
intended to prevent strikes designed
to enforce closed-Shop demands, but
it may be doubted whether the effort
TO forestall such walkouts neceS-
states an outright ban on any
alteration of the status quo, even in
cases where change might be made
without controversy. Another sec
ton requires the discharge of any
defense employe if his employer has
reasonable cause" to believe that he
Is or ever was a Nazi or a Com
munist. In event of a mistaken dis
nissal under this section, the en-
Evening star., 1941-04-19
Theatrical Paradox

The inroads of movies, radio, and
even bingo, are supposed to have the
theater punch-drunk, in need of
stronger Stimulants than the COM
paratively mild "dish night" of the
screen.
Just in time, it seems, comes some
thing new to the drama; the "thera-
peutic theater" at Beacon Hill, N. Y,
for husbands and wives suffering
from slight overdose of matrimony.
The manager is psychiatrist, and on
his stage amateur actors and &C
tresses, really husbands and wives,
re-enact their domestic rumpuses
before an audience of professionals
each, however, having stranger
playing the role of actual mate, fol-
lowed by a diagnosis or criticism
from the audience.
Of course, no woman is going to
cut loose her full fury against a
handsome doctor taking the place of
her unromantic husband, and merely
Stimulating the dropping of ashes on
the floor and the commission of
other domestic crimes. Nor is any
man worthy of the name going to be
too hard on pretty nurse pinch hit
ting for his bitter half. The acting
is likely to be poor, we'll below the
exacting standards of the Great
White Way, but it has one feature
that would delight the souls of
Broadway producers-the actors not
only cost nothing, but actually pay
for the privilege.
Evening star., 1941-04-19
YueosIoviu's Contribution

4llC 1Cl illdIi IilSIl COlllllld1lu lids
announced the unconditional sur
render of the Yugoslavian Army.
While there has been no official con-
firmation Of this development from
Yugoslav or British sources, yester-
days delayed dispatch from Robert
st. John, Associated Press CORE
Spondent with what he laconically
described as the remnants of the
Yugoslavian Army" makes it clear
that organized resistance to the Nazi
onslaught definitely has collapsed.
In fact, the Serbian Army seems to
have become so disorganized after
twelve days of savage assaults by
overwhelmingly superior German
"blitz" forces that it is hard to un-
derstand how the Nazis were able
to conduct capitulation negotiations
with any representative qualified to
speak for Yugoslavia or its military
command
Mr. st. John paid high tribute to
the courage of the Serbs, but his
description of the fighting shows
how pitifully one-sided the struggle
was, and how hopeless. In addition
to their bravery, the YugoslavS had
little more than small arms and
ox-drawn artillery to oppose the
onrushing mechanized might Of the
German Army. That there was or
ganized resistance for as long as ten
or twelve days is all the more re-
markable. This resistance, a factor
which had not been taken into &C
count by the British and Greeks in
their original plans for defense of
Greece, was not futile gesture. 1t
tossed a monkey wrench in the
smoothly running Nazi war machine
at the very start of its drive toward
Greece, slowing up the advance and
giving the British and Greeks more
time in which to consolidate their
positions. Moreover, the Germans
admit that systematic blocking of
tunnels and destruction of bridges
and highways have complicated the
problem of reinforcing and supply
ing Nazi troops in Greece and Al
bania. There is little doubt that
Serbian guerrilla bands will continue
to harass German columns passing
through the mountains of Yugo-
slavia.
On the other hand, the cessation
of formal hostilities in Yugoslavia
will free unknown numbers of Ger
man troops for service in the south.
These reserves will be thrown into
the battle for Greece at most criti-
cal stage, from the standpoint of the
Allies. The Germans already out
number the combined British and
Greek forces by huge margin, and
the influx of reinforcementS is dis
couraging in the extreme. A de-
cisive battle now is being waged from
Mount Olympus to the Adriatic Sea,
and on its outcome hinges the fate
of the entire Balkan area. Whatever
happens, history will record that the
fighting Serbs contributed their full
share to the cause of embattled de-
mocracy in this tragic era.
Evening star., 1941-04-19
Interprets the Ukraine
To Include Larger Area.
To the Editor of The Star:

On your editorial page for April 16
the author of ''The Ukraine" says that
the territory so designated constitutes an
area of 10000 square miles Evidently
he used Soviet statistics covering only the
administrative unit of the Soviet Uk-
rainain Republic" having in mind its
boundaries before the last partition of
Poland, by the Hitler Stain agreement.
In accordance with this partition, the
Western Ukraine eastern Galicia, parts
of volhynia, etc. were incorporated into
the U. S. S. R. as the western Ukrainian
Republic" in September, 1899. Later also
Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina were
ceded by Rumania to the U. S. S. r.
Should Hitler's armies actually invade
Evening star., 1941-04-19
Will Russia Still Aid China?

VIII NuSSlO SEilI AlO SHIHu!
What the RusSo-Japanese neutral
ity pact really means will perhaps be
more clearly revealed by the future
relations between Moscow and the
Free China" government at Chung
king. That was matter carefully
omitted from the text of the treaty
itself. Japan's puppet, Manchukuo,
and RusSia'S puppet, Outer Mon
golia, were specified and were re-
spectively guaranteed against jap
anese or Russian interference. But
the great bulk of China itself was
left out of the treaty. unless there
are secret clauses Of which the world
has no knowledge.
Yet MoScoW's attitude toward
China is highly important, because
hitherto Russian aid to the Chung
king regime has been one of the
main reasons why the Chinese have
been able to resist the Japanese
invaders Through various avenues,
a constant stream of Russian sup
plies and munitions has reached Free
China, while Russian airplanes have
been flown in direct. Over a year
ago, Moscow granted Chungking a
large credit, to be repaid by bartering
valuable Chinese products easily
tranSportable, such as tea and tung-
stem, and a considerable portion Of
this credit is still available.
The news of the pact signed so
unexpectedly at Moscow by Joseph
Stain and Mr.. MatSuoka came as
shock to Chungking. Comment there
was generally apprehensive that the
agreement boded no good. A Russo
Japanese deal for an eventual parti-
ton of China between them has
always been dreaded possibility.
Should such a purpose lurk behind
the present pact, Chungking can
hardly expect the continuance of
Russian aid. Indeed, Moscow might
then be expected to widen the exist
ing breach between the Chinese
Communists and the Nationalist gov
ernment of Chang Kai-Shek.
However, thus far there have been
no tangible signs that Moscow
intends either to cease aiding China
or to split the forces opposing Japan.
In fact, latest dispatches from
Chungking quote official sources" to
the effect that formal assurances
from Moscow have been received. If
the RusSo-Japanese neutrality pact
means no change in Soviet policy
toward China, the situation in China
itself has not been altered. Japan
will have to maintain great armies
there, and its striking power in
Southeast Asia will be correspond
ingly limited.
That is the perspective against
which the Moscow pact should be
viewed. There can be no question
that the long-sought agreement
with Russia does benefit Japan in
several ways. 1t allayS the fear of
sudden Russian stab in the back.
makes possible partial withdrawal
of firSt-line troops hitherto immo-
bilized in Manchukuo, cheers the
overburdened japanese people and
increases japanese prestige through
out the Far East. To that extent,
the aggressive militarists who so
largely control Japanese foreign pol
icy will be encouraged to continue
their forward moves in Southeastern
Asia. But to say that the Moscow
pact frees their hands and gives
them the green light" for full
fledged action is alarmist exaggera-
tion. So long as Japan is begged
down in China, its offensive action
elsewhere will be severely curtailed.
Evening star., 1941-04-19
Doubts American Capacity
To Finance Aid to All DemocracieS.

To Finance Aid to All Dem0cracieS.
To the Editor OF The Star:
President Roosevelt evidently believes
that the national pocketbook possesses
infinite elasticity and may be stretched
to all corners of the earth, to include
any and all democracies, large or small,
in the event they are threatened by war.
The utopian idea of helping everybody
with our money, munitions and, event.
ually, our men may seem commendable,
but unfortunately there must be limit
to even the New Deal spending and
this fact must be sooner or later faced.
1t certainly cannot be indefinitely post
poned. Moreover, unless mental mil
lennium of enduring peace is just around
the corner and human nature under
goes angelic transformations, we are
destined to discover that after all our
own resources are not immeasurable and
limitless. The American purse has al
ready been subjected to gigantic strain.
EDMUND K. GOLDSBOROUGH.
Evening star., 1941-04-19
Corona, Long Island.
Asks Owners of Pets
To Keep Them Off Highways.

Asks Owners of Pets
To Keep Them Off Highways.
To the Editor Of The Star
May please have space to plead with
the owners of pet dogs and cats to keep
them off streets and out of the danger
of destruction in trafic?
Especially now that spring has re-
turned and every highway is crowded
with automobiles, pet is in peril when
allowed to run free and unmatched.
I know the difficulties involved, but
once a well-loved animal friend has been
killed there is no excuse that will suffice
as satisfactory alibi for neglect.
A W.
Evening star., 1941-04-19
Letters to the Editor

Letters to the Editor must
Dear the name and address of
the lUriter, although the use Of
q pSeudonyn1 for publication is
permissible. The Star reserves
the right to edit all letters lUith
a U1e1o TO condensation.
Evening star., 1941-04-19
MRS. LUBOW M. HANSEN.
Accuses "Opposers" of Conveying
OF Playing Politics in Crisis.

OF Playing Politics in Crisis.
To the Editor of The Star:
Why do the opposers of conveys keep
harping on the fact that our President
several months ago said he would keep
us out of war? They act so intellectual
and smart, yet they don't seem to know
what's going on. They don't seem to
realize that events change SO swiftly that
while the President, in all good faith told
the Nation of his very earnest and sin
cere desire to keep out of war, he cannot
now advise against measures to help
Britain, simply because of a remark he
made last year. Why can't they be fair?
Or can it be that even in these serious
times, they are still being politicians
first and Americans later?
JOSEPH PETROCELLI,
ppp leland
Evening star., 1941-04-19

Manchester, England, proposes to
plant flowers to hide the ruins in
bombed areas. A good one to use
would be the forget-me-not
Evening star., 1941-04-19
Huskin's Answers
To Questions
By Frederic J. Hdskin.

A reader can get the dnsUer to am
question OF fact By Urtttng The EUe-
ming Star Information Bureau, Fred
eric J. Hcskin, director, Washington,
D. c, Please tncloSe stamp tor reply.
@. What symbol designates an Army
| airplane?-P. c. T.
A. The Army planes are designated by
a white star on blue background with
a red center. This symbol is indicative
of the Army Air Corps.
@. Are there many covered bridges
left in the United States?-T. K. B.
A. There are over 1000 covered
bridges. The State of Ohio has 600.
@. What is the most valuable piece
of land in the world?-E. w.
A. 1t is reputed to be the four-acre
site occupied by the Bank of England
in London.
@. How many Jews entered the United
States last year?-E. J.
A. For the fiscal year ending June 80,
1910 36945 Jews entered the United
States. For the first six months of the
present fiscal year, 1O,547 have entered.
@. Please give the total amount of
money spent for advertising in the va
rious fields such as newspaper, radio etc.
e. J. B.
A. In 1910 total of ST $50 900, 900 was
spent for advertising in the following
media: Newspapers, $545 ,OOOOOO direct
mail, S300.0O0O0O radio, 5000, 100000;
magazines, $16OOOO,OOO; outdoor. $780,
000000 business papers, $4,000, 600;
farm papers. s15,OOOOOO; miscellaneous,
$34O 100000
@. What country has the oldest flag7
L. F.. NJ.
A. The flag Of Denmark is the oldest
unaltered national flag in the world,
| The origin of the silver cross of the flag
is said to date from 1919, when King
! Waldemar, at a critical moment in his
career, averred that he had seen this
cross in the heavens.
@. Please give the total number Of
oil wells that have been drilled in the
! United States since the beginning OF
the oil industry.-E. T. A.
A. In the 80-year history of the
petroleum industry over 100000 oil
wells have been drilled.
Evening star., 1941-04-19
Household Budget Booklet

Household Budget oOklet-
Planned thrift is the only way to
meet rising costs. Changed social
and economic conditions demand
proper balance Of income and
outgo This practical booklet con-
tains expert guidance on the di-
vision of income among rent, food,
clothing and savings; model
budgets for every income group.
To secure your copy inclose 10
cents in coin, wrapped in this clip
ping, and mail to The Star Infor-
nation Bureau.
Name
-------------------
Address
Evening star., 1941-04-19

@. Why is the largest share called the
lions share?-M. F. R.
A. 1t has its origin in one of Aesops
Fables. Several beasts joined lion in
a hunt. When the spoils were divided,
the lion claimed one-quarter as his
prerogative, one for his superior cour-
age, one for his dam and cubs, and as
for the fourth, let who will dispute it
with me-"
O. What State produces the greatest
amount of wine?-M. j. B.
A. California produces nine -tenths Of
all American wine. The largest vineyard
in the world is situated in that State.
@. Why is a closely trimmed, pointed
beard called a Vandyke?-E. NJ. H.
A. Because it resembles the style Of
beard worn by Sir Anthony Van Dyck
sometimes spelled Vandyke), the Flem-
ish painter.
@. Is there an estimate of the aver
age amount Of life insurance per fam
ily in the United StateS?-H. T. NJ.
"a S1,UOO NOIIIl VI AAc
insurance per family is estimated.
@. How many cities use parking
meters?-T. L. M.
A. There are now Isl cities which use
meters to regulate parking in congested
areas.
@ Do whales have noses?-E. P. H.
A. The nostrils of a whale. commonly
called blowholes, are located on top Of
the head, and the animal can breathe
only when these are above water.
c. What is the elevation of the South
Pole?-K. P.
A. The South Pole lies on the CONT
nent of Antarctica. at an elevation Of
approximately 10000 feet.
@. Will a man with fiat feet be ac-
cepted in the Army?-W. McC.
A. The Office of the surgeon general
of the Army says that there are several
degrees of f1atness in feet. The majority
of selectees who have fiat feet will be
accepted for military training. The final
decision, however, rests with the medi-
cal examiners for the local boards
Evening star., 1941-04-19

@. What is the elevation of the South
Pole?-K. P.
A. The South Pole lies on the conti-
nent of Antarctica. at an elevation of
approximately 10000 feet.
Evening star., 1941-04-19

@ Do whales have noses?-E. P. H.
A. The nostrils of whale, commonly
called blowholes, are located on top Of
the head, and the animal can breathe
only when these are above water.
Evening star., 1941-04-19

=. The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to
the use for republication of all news dispatches
credited to It or not otherwise credited in this
paper and also the local news published herein.
All rights of publication of special dispe tches
herein also are reserved
Evening star., 1941-04-19

@. Is there an estimate of the aver
age amount of life insurance per FAM
ily in the United States?-H. T. NJ.
A. Approximately $4,000 worth of life
insurance per family is estimated.
Evening star., 1941-04-19

@. How many cities use parking
meterS?-T. L. M.
A. There are now Isl cities which use
meters to regulate parking in congested
areas.
Evening star., 1941-04-19

@. What is the most valuable piece
of land in the world?-E. w.
A. 1t is reputed to be the four-acre
site occupied by the Bank of England
in London.
Evening star., 1941-04-19

@. What State produces the greatest
amount of wine?-M. J. B.
A. California produces nine-tenths Of
all American wine. The largest vineyard
in the world is situated in that State.
Evening star., 1941-04-19

@. Are there many covered bridges
left in the United States?-T. K. B.
A. There are over 1000 covered
bridges. The State of Ohio has 600.
Evening star., 1941-04-19

A reader can get the dnsUer to any
question OF fact By tCrtting The EDe-
ming Star Information Bureau, Fred
eric J. Hcskin, director, Washington,
D. C, Please tncloSe stamp tor reply.
Evening star., 1941-04-19
Member of the Associated Press

Entered as second-class matter post Office
WASHINGTON, D. c.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1941-04-30
ARE TOLD
OF JAP

L|oui>bUrG, April 30.-Rcv. }
Doanc Stot>, missionary to japan
who has returned home on Il fur
Tough, spoke 10 students q! Louis
burg College yesterday IN the collcg,
auditorium, Mr.. Stott presented IT.
Illustrations Of conditions in Japan to
day and gave examples of Japanese
young people who have found the
way of Christ through his " per
sonal contact. Nj. Stott has been
stationed IN Japan aiuCc 1890.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1941-04-30

J. (. Baskerv'Ii, OF
State Conservation
Department, Speaks to
Rotary Club; Actual
Count l,OI7 { ar $
Daily. Speaker Says.
The Nome nugget., 1941-05-19
Airways News
PAA Activities

Sunday - A PAA Electra ar rived Nome from Fairbanks with the following passengers: Chuck Carmody
 Jim Robbins
 Vim. A. Hesse
 A PAA Electra arrived Nome this morning with 54 pounds of mail and the following passen- gers:
 Dan Lhamon
 w. Jones
 R. Hinckley
 A second Electra arrived just after noon with the following pas sengers:
 Vernon LontZ
 Mrs. Vernon Lontz
 William Deadly
 Thomas Martin
 Frank Pinchot
The Nome nugget., 1941-05-19
WIEN ACTIVITIES

Saturday-Pilot Frank Whaley made a flight to Teller and re- turned with Ethel Vogan, Miss Stockton and Walter Mccarthy.
 Sunday-Pilot Whaley made a flight to Teller with Lyman Cul yer, Gne Herman and express.
 Pilot Lund arrived Nome from Fairbanks with w. C. Ford, H. Ulrick, Ernest Bergh and Pat rick Bliss.
 Lund returned to Fairbanks via Bluff with Morton Sullivan for Bluff.
 Today - Pilot Whaley made 2 trips to Rainbow with express and Harry Nelson.
 Pilot Lund is due from Fair banks with passengers and ex- press.
The Nome nugget., 1941-05-19
NurdOck McIVer, Alaska Dredgeman Passes Away

Recent arrivals in Nome from Seattle, brought the said news of the passing of Murdock McIver at one of the hospitals in Seattle, after prolonged illness.
 MT. MacIver was we'll known in all the mining camps in Se- ward Peninsula, having been here continuously since 1908. He followed prospecting and mining exclusively, was employed by dredge operators at Nome, Coun- cil and Solomon, was considered competent Winchman and all- round dredgeman.
 He was born on the, Island of Lewis, in Scotland, in the year 1883. He was a member of the British navy and was always on the reserve list and subject to call for duty. During training in the naval service he distinguish ed himS-lf as an expert gunner.
 Mac, as he was generally known, was a very affable, con- genial character, a genuine AL askan, hoSpitable, kind and gen erouS to a fault. He will be miss ed amongst his friends, who were numerous.
 Very little is known of his rel atives, whether any members of his family live in the States is not known.
The Nome nugget., 1941-05-19
! New Alaska Schedules Aid
 National Defense - Doubles Schedules, Cuts Time In Half

Pan American Airways' Seat tle Office announces the inaugura ion Of four flights weekly be. tweea Seattl and Alaska start ing Friday, May 18th, with a through 1-day service to Fair banks, operating hi-speed Lode star Transports.
 Previous to this announcement Pan American AirwayS have been operating two schedul.s s per M eek from Seattle to Juneau and Fairbanks on 2-day schedule. In addition to the above men toned flights, they will operate thr-e weekly flights between Jul neauand Fairbanks, two between Fairbanks and Nome, and one be- .ween Fairbanks and Bethel.
 Yukon Southern Air Trans port, Canadian corporation, are also operating three flights per w.ek between Vancouver and Whitehorse which, when com bined with the four weekly Pan American schedules, creates a daily air service to and from Alaska.
 The increase in the above schedules is in the interest of National Defense and increased business moving between the Unit-d States and Alaska in con nection with the Military Pre- paredness Program.
 Scheduled surface tran sporta- ton between Seattle and Fair banks at the present time r.quir- 'eS a minimum of eight days, and with this new Pan American ser vice Fairbanks will be within g hours of Seattle.
 The above changes are in lin with the Pan American Airways' of a new service to Singapore and in keeping with company policy of aiding Ma tional Defense with fast-r ser vice and more frequent schedul- aS.
The Nome nugget., 1941-05-19
MIROW ACTIVITIES

Pilot SasSeen arrived Nome Sunday from Anchorage via Fairbanks with the following pas Sengers: Ann DWyer
 Sally Thompson
 Nancy Doyle
 MT. and Mrs. Don Stewart
 Richard Margraf
 Eugene Margraf
 Virginia Calkins
 Sassaen made the return flight to Anchorage today.
 Saturday - Gordon Mckenzie made a flight test in the tri-motor for a AM rating, under CAA h. spector Burleigh Putnam.
The Nome nugget., 1941-05-19

Chuck Carmody, formerly with ths Bon Marche and who spent the last month with the PAA staff at Juneau, arrived Nome on Sundays Electra to take over the Nome PAA office.
 Art Martin, agent, is leaving for a 90 day vacation in the Stat es, Friday. MT. and Mrs. Martin expect to leave Fairbanks SF- urday for Seattle from whence they will go to Los Angeles to spent their vacation.
The Nome nugget., 1941-05-19

The local PAA office announces that according to bulletin just received PAA employees are pro hibited from accepting mail to be mailed at post offices in other districts, or for delivery. Breach es of this regulation will primo severe penalties.
 The local PAA employees request that the public cooperate by refraining from this practice,
The Nome nugget., 1941-05-19

Admitted to the hospital re- gently were Elmer Straub and Stanley Bartlett.
 A baby girl Weighting 6 pounds II ounces was born to Mrs Frank Love at the Maynard Col umbus Hospital May 18th. Moth CT and baby are doing nicely.