davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1941-02-11
City News in Brief
TODAY


Meeting. National Symphony Or
chestra, Carlton Hotel. 4 pm.
Meeting, District Bar Association,
Hotel Mayflower, 5 pm.
Dinner. Washington Alumni, Uni
versity Of Florida, MAYORS Restau-
rant, $50 pm.
Dinner and reception, the Barris-
ters, Hotel Mayhower, pm.
Dinner, Master Builders Associa-
ton, Hotel Mayflower, 7 pm.
Dinner dance, Beta Chi Sorority,
Wardman Park Hotel, 7:3o pm.
Bridge party, Federal Bridge
League. Wardman Park Hotel, 8 pm.
Meeting. Connecticut Avenue As
ISOLATION, Hotel Mayflower, 8 pm.
Meeting, Reciprocity Club, Hotel
Mayf1ower, 8 pm.
Meeting, Women's Union, No. los,
Bureau of Engraving and Printing,
Willard Hotel, 8 pm.
Meeting, st. Charles Lay Alumni
Association, Willard Hotel, 8 pm.
Meeting, Syrian Washingtonian
Club, Willard Hotel, 8 pm.
Meeting, Collectors Club, Branch
5, s. P. A., Thomson Community
Center, 8 pm.
TOMORROW.
Breakfast, Danes of the LOYAL
Legion. Hotel Mayfower, II noon.
Luncheon, Rotary Club. Willard
Hotel, 1890 pm.
Luncheon, Gyro Club, Willard
Hotel. 1890 pm.
Luncheon. Soroptimist Club, Will
lard Hotel, / pm.
Meeting, Carpenters Local, No
1881, Hotel Annapolis, 8 pm.
Meeting, Gen Ulysses Grant Me
Alexander Post, No 38, American
Legion. Willard Hotel, 73O pm.
Meeting, District of Columbia
Chapter. Izaak Walton League, Will
lard Hotel, 8 pm.
Meeting, District of Columbia
Model Aircraft Council, willard
Hotel, 8 pm.
Play, Accent on Youth" Pierce
Hall Players, Fifteenth and Harvard
streets NV, $3.50 pm.
Evening star., 1941-02-11
Health Conditions Bad
In Many Defense Plant
Areas, Report Shows
ChiIdren's Bureuu Holds
Medical. RecreotionoI and
School Facilities Locking

DUE in large part to the rapid ex-
pansion of population, conditions
detrimental to the health and well
fare Of children exist in many areas
Of defense production, Katherine r.
Lenroot, chief of the Children's Bu-
rcau, declared today.
Reports received from the bureaus S
field investigators, Miss Lenroot
said, show that many communities
lack adequate provision for the
medical care of children, that their
school facilities are inadequate. and
that opportunities for wholesome
recreation are lacking.
Though housing is serious prob
lem in some defense communities,
the problem is a temporary one, and
is being solved through the con-
struction of emergency homes, Miss
Lenroot pointed out. Other prob
lens are likely to continue through
out the present emergency. she said.
In many places, the population has
expanded beyond the capacity OF the
community TO provide basic essen
tldlS vi 1dIllllN iilC. avn SAAAAS W. =
ports of the bureaus Investigators.
Even in those communities having
child health and other social serv-
Ices. these facilities are inadequate
to meet the requirements of the In
fiux OF new workers, and their
families.
Public health nurses already EN-
ployed in some Of the communities
report that their normal loads OF
service are so heavy that they are
unable to meet the needs Of the new
arrivals. In many areas there are
too few physicians.
Facilities for hospita lizstion Of
sick children and maternity patients
are inadequate In many defense
communities, bureau Investigators
fepOrt
Evening star., 1941-02-11
B.F. 6arvey Chairman
OF Gonzaqa Alumni Dance

Bernard r. Garvey will be chair
man of the annual Gonzaga Alumni
Association dance, February 81, in
the Wardman Park Hotel for benefit
Of the scholarship fund. according
to Louis r. Frick, alumni president.
Assisting Mr.. Garvey are the fol-
lowing members of the Board Of
Governors: James E. Colliflower,
president of the Washington Board
of Trade; Henry I. Quinn. past
president. District Bar Association;
DR.. Cornelius l.. Norris, DR.. Francis
K. Price, Dr. James S. Ruby, DR..
John A. Simpson. John j. Carmody,
Joseph I. Cavanaugh. S. Dolan DON
oboe. John A. K. Donovan. Rosa F..
Downing. Thomas r. Fitzgerald,
Thomas A. Flynn, Robert A. Genau,
Robert A. Galley, Al Philip Kane,
Frederick J. Lawton. Francis S.
Milovich, jr.; Joseph A. Norris,
Joseph A. O'Connell. James F.
ODonnell and Walter l. Plant.
Evening star., 1941-02-11

affair includes Lee H. Shugar, Will
liam Wondrowitz and Daisy Rees of
the General Accounting once;
ELLEN Mathison and Ann Sundholm
of the Bureau of Engraving, J. Ed
ward orr and Matte Waldron Of
the War Department, Oldric La Bell
of the Federal Works Administra-
ton, Estelle Fairbrother of the
Evening star., 1941-02-11

tional Federation Of Federal En-
ployes.
Beginning with . dance around
the maypole, the entertainment will
include children's games, followed
by regular dancing. Jim McGrath
of Station WINK will be master OF
ceremonies.
The committee arranging the
Evening star., 1941-02-11
A whooping ave greeted an amend

ment to a barber price control bill
providing for reductions for the thin
ly-thatched, based on the amount Of
hair remaining as compared TO the
original growth.
For the sake of the record. the
Speaker ruled the amendment failed
to pass
Evening star., 1941-02-11
Stute Lawmakers Hail
Cut Rute for Bold Pate
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
LITTLE ROCK, Ark, Feb. 11.-A
cut rate for a bald pate has the
roaring approval Of the Arkansas
House of Representatives.
Evening star., 1941-02-11

Agriculture Department. Eleanor
Dorm and Virginia Schaeffer of the
Treasury Department, Rose Cortese
of the Bureau Of Standards and
Joseph C. Harry and Philip Lower
of the Navy Yard.
Evening star., 1941-02-11
n. F. F. {. 'Kiddie Party
To Be Held Saturday

A "kioidie clothes" party and dance
will be held Saturday at the Wash
ington Hotel under the auspices Of
the District Federation of the Ma
Evening star., 1941-02-11

Hungary plans to greatly develop
its government railways.
The weekly echo., 1941-12-19
! BUCkINC caAM
sClinic News
BUCKINGHAM CLINIC NEWS

BUCKINGHAM CLINIC NEWS
Admitted to the Buckingham Clinic
are as follows: Il
Miss Mildred Lee,City, Medical At
tention, Mrs. Annie Clyde Rodgers,
Starksville, Miss. Major operation
Mrs. Clara Smith, City; tonsilectomy,
Mrs. Elnoa Steward, City; medical at
t7ntion, Mrs. Edmonia Porter, City,
=. Cesarean Section, Mrs. Lille Mae Hol-
iday City, Abscess d. tonsils, Mrs.
Lula Larkin, City, Medical Attention,
Mrs. Catherine Crosby, App ndectomy
City. We alsD have in the Clinic
baby girl, who is the daughter of MIR.
a. Mrs. Alex Porter of S25 48th Avenue
Meridian, Miss.
The weekly echo., 1941-12-19
IIL DO MY PAR!

The Secretary, Civilian
Police Department, Meridian,
The undersigned volunteers M
stands ready to perform service
Meridian and Lauderdale County: o WIN II"
The weekly echo., 1941-12-19

To serve you during the past
year, and we hope we may continue
to enjoy your friendship and good
will.
Your loyalty has contributed
in no small measure to the successful
year we have had, and we believe it
is quite proper to acknowledge your
cooperation with due gratitude.
There's no finer craft than
that of making good shoes, but the
rebuilding of them, keeping them
smart, comfortable and shapely is a
real art, or craft also. Modern ma
chinery and methods, in skillful
hands, produce shoe miracles in shoe
rebuilding when the materials are
used right.
In the cost of these rebuilding
rubber or leather, good
or poor, plays a small part but
what an important part After all,
it's what you get for what you pay
that counts in the long run.
And what you get in quality
job here in shoe repairing is the high
est standard of quality obtainable.
That your Holiday Season will
afford you every pleasure that you
desire, and the New Year fulfill your
fondest hopes - is our wholehearted
wish for you.
Bring Us Your Shoes
ROYAL SHOE HOSPITAL
FRANK HODGE, Manager
The weekly echo., 1941-12-19
I'll B A
Boards

We held four II. B. A. Boards
during the december Quarter, and
without a doubt, these were some of
the best Boards we have ever held.
The entertainment given us by
Mrs. Aletha Smith at Magee, Mississ-
ippi was highly enjoyed. Mrs. Smith
and her good members spared no lit
tie pains in making it pleasant for
their guests. Everything was carried
out in high class style.
Several new applications for
new members were received.
On December End, we were at
Quitman, Mississippi, being enter
tanned by that "little giant" Sam
Jasper. If it had not rained that day,
Continued on Page four
The weekly echo., 1941-12-19

ROYAL SHOE HOSPITAL
FRANK HODGE, Manager
The weekly echo., 1941-12-19

The United States Government Now
At War; Citizens of All Races,
Creeds and COlors Under Our
Flag Must Fight
Without a shadow of doubt
the United States is now at war. and
we as citizens of this Democratic
Country must show the world that
we can unite in one solid phalanx and
fight for one common cause.
At this particular point, we
must try to lose sight of discrimiaa-
ton, injustice, maltreatment and
fight for our country. We want it
known however, that as we go to
arms fighting for Democracy, that
petty factious, i'll will and hatred to-
ward any group, if we are to succeed
IN this world, we must be big enough
to quit all of this FOOLISHNESS
and fight for one common cause.
Hitler and his allies have been
making ready for this war for a num-
Der of years and we may as well adj
NIT the fact that they are prepared
We are starting behind time, but we
CAN WINA We MUST WIN! We
must work hard, work fast and work
earnestly. Every man, woman and
child must play his part in this great
coaflict, and to the members of nv
race in particular, we want to urge
you to be loyal, be trustworthy. Any
thing else will not represent the Ne
gro, for he has never been a traitor;
ne has always been patriotic.
The weekly echo., 1941-12-19

According to information re-
ceived from Professor 7. J. Harris of
the Harris High School, efforts are
being made among the colored people
to play their part in a S15000,00 Drive
to collect Red Cross Funds during this
great emergency.
A large number of us have al
ready paid our $1.00 membership fee
to the Red Cross, however, this will
not suffice. Churches, individuals, So
I cieties and organizations of all kinds
vare urged to join in this great effort.
the reports. Let us dc our best
The weekly echo., 1941-12-19
4 Children Die In
flame

Huntsville, Ala. Dec. s. The fohr children
Of Mr.. and Mrs. Calvin Scruggs farmer
near Huntsville, died Tuesday as their
frame house went up in flames.
MIR. and Mrs. Ssruggs were attending a
special church service and when they re-
turi-ed home, they found their home
burned to the ground The fire caught
apparently from sparks from an open
fir replace.
The children were: Nadine, 9; Jack, 8;
Wilbur, 5; and Mary, g..
Two of the children burned to death in
house and the other two died in Hun
vile hospital. funeral services were held
Wednesday.
The weekly echo., 1941-12-19
The United States
Gov ernment Now At
War, Citizens OF All
Races, Creeds And
COLORS UNDER OUR FLAG MUST
U. S. A. NOW AT WAR
U. S. A. ENGAGED IN WORLD
WAR

The United States Government Now
At War; Citizens of All Races,
Creeds and ColOrs Under Our
Flag Must Fight
The weekly echo., 1941-12-19
Con. Hamilton Fish
Wants TO Command
Race Troops Again

WASHINGTON, D. C. DEC. II Con-
grsssman Hamilton, Fish, militat- Rep
ublican leader of the House, made a
statement over the major radio networks
Monday which was heard by millions of
listeners ;.
The weekly echo., 1941-12-19
The C.. M.
ReeseCourt
STILL NEGLECTED
STILL NEGLECTED
ssssssssess-

The colored citizens in the East
End Housing Project, known as the
George M. Reese Court, are still neg
lected. 1t is hard for us to understand
how the government authorities who
have this particular PROJECT under
can collect rent from
Continued on Page two
The weekly echo., 1941-12-19

Iauderda1e County
Red Cross Units FaSt1y
Organize

According to reports from Pro
fessor Harris, a meeting will be held
Monday night at the Harris High
School for the purpose of taking in
The weekly echo., 1941-12-19

Said During World Major
of
United
Negro troops again in the from
gainst Japan New York City, phot).
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-06-29

When he volunteered for serv-
ice in the United States Army
last November, John c. Saber, 28-
year-old son Of Mr.. and Mrs. J. c.
Saber, 1854 Kanter street, was a
Detroit commercial artist.
Home on leave Saturday, Pri-
vate First Class John c. Saber,
Lowry Field, Colorado, said he has
found his niche in Uncle Sans
draft army and is virtually paint
ing his way through the Army
Air Corps.
Following his induction Private
Saber began displaying his talent
and initiative by drawing portraits
of his fellow soldiers at 81 a sit.
ting. His work attracted the
of his superiors and hC
now heads the four-man art de.
partment of the Lowry Field
public relations office. In addition
ne provides the art work for the
fields weekly publication, The
RpV-Meter'
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-06-29
$4,000 Youths in Wayne
Sign Tuesday IN 22dd Draft

To find bis local board. a
rcCistrsnt has only 10 appear I'm
person al local draft headquarters,
Cadillac Square Building. -
Cadillac Square. or telephone tho
headquarters az Randolph 1881.
All local draft boards Will be
closed next Tuesday for the
registration, as will tho army in
duction station az Kalamazoo.
The Detroit induction station will
remain open Tuesday only long
enough 10 induct 6S Selectecs from
Two Detroit boards.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-06-29
Measure
PeriIs Politicians
Rule in Wayne

Wayne County politicians may
lose the mainstay of their ma
chimes, the patronage system
which enables them 10 dole out
$500 900 in political plums.
This was threatened by passage
of a bill enabling the Wayne
County Board of Supervisors TO
put the civil service issue on the
next county ballot in November,
1912.
Approximately 1000 county en-
ployes are affected in Jobs which
pay from $1,000 TO $4,000 annu-
ally.
Assistant prosecuting attorneys
and the head of each department
are the only county employees be
side elective officers who are eX-
lcAldad
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-06-29
Educators Due
From Mexico

A delegation Of 80 MeNcans
will attend the eighth interna-
tional conference Of the New Edu-
catiQnal Fellowship ar Ann hTbOT-
July 6 10 l.. IL was announced
Saturday They Will be met az
the Buffalo boat pier AZ $50 q m
Thursday by The. Western High
School band and Tcommittee from
the Detroit Teachers Association.
including all Spanish instructors
The Mexican delegation. which
Is being sent by the Mexican min
istry Of education. has big pro-
gram scheduled for the days pre-
Cedlng The conference
Part Of the delegation VIII not
arrive until Saturday. when they
viii present a Mexican fiesta IN
the Western High School 1900
Scotch avenue. AZ S.l3 p m The
ballet Will also present p special
program IN the WAYNE University
auditorium at IL a. m. Tuesday.
July s.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-06-29
viii Lead Parade

She will lead the mile-long pa
rade Of floats and marchers which
starts moving az s p. m, proceed
ing from Van DIXIE and Gratiot
avenues. north on Van Dyke 10
Lynch road.
Raymond J. Kelly. former
American Legion commander. and
defense director for the Middle
West. Will be parade marshal
Drum and bugle corps compe-
titiOnS and track and novelty
events will feature the afternoon.
Furlong. Kelly and Senator Prem
liss Brown will speak at the meet
ing following the parade.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-06-29
Coy Voters
Fire Stations TO Shelter
Citizens at Polls

II YOU went homo from the
voting booth last Winter WITT a
bad chill from standing in the
cold while tho line moved up 20
tho old wooden booth, this Will be
pleasant news
The city election commission
has made arrangements 10 use 30
fire stations IN sections where the
voting is heavy and no schools are
handy, ana YOU may vete-fif ee4i4-
fort. The idea has been approved
by the. FIRE commission
The election commission also is
investigating a plan TO do away
with the ail-day police guard AT
each polling place as an unneccs-
sary waste OF manpower. Thus
10l6 officers would be released
to their regular duties.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-06-29
City Plans Pause
In HoIiddyFun
For Loyalty Vow

Every Detroiter Saturday was
called upon 10 Join in the nation
wide Independence Day pledge of
allegiance TO the United States OF
America.
This year more than ever be-
fore in history Fourth of July is
being observed in its true signif-
icance as the OCCASION when this
nation gained independence.
President Roosevelt will broad
cast an independence Day appeal
which will be heard at 4 p. m.
here.
His talk highlights a nation
wide patriotic rally being ar
ranged by Mayor Fiorello II. La.
Guardia Of New York, as civilian
defense director.
LaGuardia urged that all pro-
grams throughout the country be
synchronized with the Presidents
talk. He explained this plan was
agreed upon in response TO pleas
for an expression of national
unity.
Although the majority Of De-
troiters are expected to pass the
holiday here, the recent heat is
sending hundreds TO nearby re-
sorts.
Many also are taking advantage
OF the long weekend 10 make
more extended trips.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-06-29
Price Meeting
Here tuesday

A conference on price and pro-
duction viii be held at $3.50 a. nj.
Tuesday in the Barlum Hotel
under the sponsorship of the
Greater Detroit council for
Civilian Morale and Consumer
Protection.
David Humphrey, special assist
ant to Price Administrators Leon
Henderson, and DR.. Robert Brady.
economic consultant to Associate
Price Administrator Harriet FL
lott, are slated to talk.
Two panel discussions are being
held, and Mayor Edward Jeffries
will preside at luncheon meet
ing.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-06-29
Disraeli Churchill
of Age When She
Was Born

Meltcrnich was ruling Europe
with an IRON hand and DiSraell
was the Churchill OF the age. when
AIrS. Abigail LuteS. Of % Cottage
Grove avenue, Highland Park, was
born just l02 years ago today.
When Mrs. LutcS entered grade
school I'm a one-room Canadian
schooLlouSe, the 1900 people who
lived across the rIAer in Detroit
were wondering il that upStart Hi
noiS politician. Lincoln, would ever
amount 20 anything.
The year Mrs. LutcS was mar
ricd Lincoln freed The slaves and
the Civil War hcgan.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-06-29
Rabbi Fran Heads Alumni

ATLANTIC CITY. M June
IS Rabbi Leon Fran Detroit
today was elected 20 The executive
board OF Hebrew Union College
Alumni Association for a three
year term Fran Is past treasurer
OF the association and n member
Of National Commission on Jewish
. rnraIin.A
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-06-29
Heads Hebrew Schools

Louis Robinson was elected
president of the United Hebrew
Schools at the twenty-second an
nual meeting. il was announced
Saturday. Rudolph Zuieback was
named first vice president, Charles
Rubiner second vice president,
Maurice Landau, treasurer and
Aaron a. Silberblatt, secretary.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-06-29
Dinner Planned Here

Most extensive Of the civic pro-
grams in Detroit is the one being
sponsored by the Harper-Van
Dyke Business Mems Association.
A dinner Thursday evening in
the Hotel SavaTine with Col. Har-
old a. Furlong Michigan defense
council chief. as speaker, opens
the celebration.
An open air program. expected
TO attract more than 100000 per-
sons. Will be held the Fourth in
Lodge Park. Van Dyke and
Georgia avenues.
Miss Maude Eells. 1873 Glendale
avenue, Will rule as Miss indie
pendencc. She was selected as a
typical American girl in a contest
in the De Luxe Theater.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-06-29

lof four by drawing portraits of
relatives. Soldiers from buck pri-
Yates TO generals have now re-
placed uncles and cousins.
Home this week on furlough,
Private Saber reveals two out
standing ambitions. First is TO
become a great artist. The sec
iond is to meet all the beautiful
girls in Detroit. g.
The "pie-eater," il seems, would
become a "cake-eater. "
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-06-29
Has Specialist Rating

Private Saber besides being a
first class private, also holds q
frst-clasS specialist rating, the
highest rank attainable by A pri-
vate. He was the first one-year
man to reach that grade at Lowry
Field.
His first assignment was with
the photo production department
Of the department OF photog.
raphy Subse quen y he was
assigned 10 the technical mainte-
nance department and thence 10
public relations.
A commercial artist in civilian
life. he has regained his amateur
standing in the Air Corps and now
accepts pastry instead Of cash for
his portraiture.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-06-29
To Assist Deputy

Elected officials would retain
the right to appoint one deputy TO
assist them as department heads.
Pay rolls for the employees who
would go under civil service If
the measure is passed total APP
'proXimstely S7.500,000.
II the electors approve the
measure, all persons who had been
in the county employ for two
years prior to the effective date
would be blanketed in under civil
service.
Those with between one and two
years of service by tne effective
date must pass qualifying exam
Iinations 10 retain their jobs, while
those with less than one years
experience and all job applicants
would be required TO take COM
lnetitiVp examinations
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-06-29
Opened Grocery Store

In 1882 when Mrs. Lutes and
her husband. David moved 10
Brown City Mich and opened a
grocery tho first labor unions ap-
pearcd in New York
Her three daughters. Mrs Fran
cos Stanzcl. with whom She now
lives. Mrs. Clara Adams OF High
land Park. and Mrs Cora MannS
of Yale. Mich and her son Frank
Lutes Of Highland Park all plan
to attend a birthday party planned
for her today.
Fir--- ~ grandchildren II GREAT
grandchildren and IT great
Ercat-grandchildrcn are all going
TO try and be there for the party.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-06-29
Hears Tigers on Air

Mrs. LutcS. who was the fourth
Of 10 children, spends most Of her
time listening 10 tho Tigers play
baseball over the radio, although
she has never seen a baseball
game
She has never voted. although
p presidents have been elected
during her life and She could have
voted for FIVE OF these.
II could never make up my
mind" she lauChingly remarked.
II don't believe In fancy diets.
just three plain meals n day and
plenty Of water 10 drink" is her
l....r...-I.. l.. Irrr.. IL
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-06-29

Recently. after completing an
oil painting of an officers wife.
the big. red-haired artist had a
freshly-baked lemon pie delivered
10 his quarters. When news of
the gift spread, a second lemon
pie arrived. this the gift of a girl
clerk at the field whose portrait
he had painted.
He explains that he first began
developing his talent at the age
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-06-29
Filled by Exam

Thereafter all vacancies would
be filed strictly by competitive
exam, but war veterans would be
allowed bonus of 10 points and
disabled veterans would have a
15-point edge.
Reps. William Buckley and Ed
ward J. Walsh, Detroit Democrats
who fathered the measure, said
they will ask the Board of Super
visors TO call special election to
submit the issue 10 the voters al
Detroits municipal election this
Fall.
The act enables the department
head TO fill the job from one OF
the three highest in the competi.
tive examinations.
Movement 10 place the county
g m ployes under civil service
started among labor groups which
brought pressure 10 bear on IN,
Wayne County Board of Super
Wilson's.
I
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-06-29
Record TroUeI Seen

Travel is expected 10 exceed
that of any other time in history,
Judging from inquiries received at
the Michigan Automobile Club.
Boat cruises are attracting others.
Fourth of July is known as the
weekend most popular for visits
back 10 the home town. accord
ing 10 Edmund s. Matheson. man.
ager of the AAA travel depart
ment.
Motorists this year are request
ing routes TO military centers.