davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-04-11
IF Your ThroatIine Is Sagging
Do a Quick Repair Job
BY IDA JEAN KAHN

1T is not-unlll- -MaIasf4-i=-
past the sunny side Of 30 that
she is troubled enough with mis-
givings about her throatline 10
be willing to work to hang on
10 il.
But once you have decided
lis time 10 take such beauty
measures seriously you can do
a surprising lot. You need a
little exercise, plenty of cold
cream, some massage. and the
habit Of holding your head
beautifully erect. Let's take
them up in the order in which
you are most likely to do them.
Generous Dreaming
Before maSsaging the throat
cleanse carefully, then apply
generous amount Of cream or
oil The technique is TO work
from the base Of the throat up
TO the chinline, then out. Knuckle
massage seems 10 be best, for 10
avoids stretching the skin. Make
the hands into fists and place
at the base of the throat
column. then SLOWLY walk the
Knuckles up 10 the chm. work
deeply there on the fat padding.
separate fists and continue along
= iaWline
Exercise for the throat and
chinline is the most important
measure after all, your throat
column is Scven-eighthS muscle.
Two Exercises
Here are a couple You can do
in the morning before getting
-itiE- night afteF-vet+ ifave
gone 10 bed Lie on the back
across the he'd with the head
hanging over the edge. Now.
tense the throat muscles and
slowly raise the head until the
spine is IN a straight line.
Slowly rerilrn 10 position and
relax the muscles. Repeat five
times.
Roll over and lie face down
ward d, fftHillll length ef the bed
without pillow Clasp hands in
back. arms straight, and lift
head and shoulders off the bed
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-04-11
Salad CookbookIet Is Next

. and in such a manner that
any page of the cookbOollets
will lie fiat when opened. - -
THE PRICE of the binder is
FORTY CENTS II called Tor
at our service counter in the
lobby of The Detroit Times
Building or FIFTY CENTS by
mail.
The prices Of cookbooklets
remains always the same ED.
TEN CENTS each if called for
and FIFTEEN CENTS each by
mail. When ordering either the
binder (cookbooklets by mail,
address your request to The De-
troit Times Home Institute,
1925 Times Square, Detroit,
Mich.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-04-11

with a good stretch and pttii-7f
shoulder and neck muscles.
Hold for a second and slowly
return TO position. Relax and
repeat.
This exercise not only i'm
proves the line OF the throat
but affects that fat pad at the
nape of the neck we call the
dowagers hump.
Cold Water
After massage or exercise.
cold cream may be left on over
night, but when exercises are
taken in the morning IL should
be removed and cold water
splashed over throat The cold
water is a circulation stimu-
liant
None of this Will do much
good unless YOU round out your
program with constant atten-
lion to head carriage. Use
thsse muscles al the sides of
the throat to carry your head.
That's what they're for. Stretch
your neck as long as you can
get it and still keep the chm
level-and try TO make a habit
Of IT,
Tomorrow the specific meas
ures for a bust problem.
SPRING SHINING MENU
BREAKFAST Calorie
Fresh berries or other fruit 80
Ready -to-eat cereal 50
Whole milk p glass 10
sugar. ] rounded teaspoon 30
coffee. clear
LUNCH
Tomato soup MADE with / cup Ekin
iz-trIcz- viii Effcsd Hsr1CgrEr1 sEE
Redueers French Dressing 100
Hot roll 100
Butter, pat L inch thick 50
$50
DINNER
Broned whitefsh with parsley and
lemon POO
string beans rs
Stewed tomatoes 35
ColeslaW boiled dressing 80
Cottage cheese y cup 100
Fresh fruit i06
SO
fetal ff5-f
Protein. approximately 70 grams sup.
plement nenu Nth one yitamin. A. g.
e. d concentrate
Distributed b. King Features synd., Inc
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-04-11
The Amateur Gardener
VIII Be Back Monday

NOW THAT Spring is here,
how about your garden
Your old friend, The ANA
teur Gardener will be back
with US once again starting
next Monday, april II. Hell
bring you. in his daily column.
all the latest news in the
flower and vegetable king
dom. plus good practical ad-
vice on keeping your garden
IN tip-top shape
Watch for hrs column on
your Detroit Times women 5
pages, starting next Monday.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-04-11
Rooms for LiUing
BY JAMES II. PATTERSON

FEW MATERIALS are as
immune to the ravages of time
and elements as glass. For CEN
turtles il has been a highly de-
sirable material for both decora-
tive and structural uses and
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-04-11

FIVE HUNDRED DE-
LICIOUS SALADS" is the 9itle
Of the cookbooklet which will
90 on sale next Monday, April
IA II contains salads for every
occasion season aHetif4a.-
COokbooklets are a series Of
20 that cover every phase Of
cookary and are released by The
Detroit Times at the rate OF one
each week. Previous weeks re-
leases are:
"Snacks"
"Leftovers"
Cakes"
Poultry, Game Birds
Pies, Pastries"
Soups
II you have not obtained these
cookbooklets, they are still
available
MORE GOOD NEWS con-
corning cookbooklets is the an
nouncement of the binder in
which to keep them. The binder
comes in a CHEEKY shade Of red
and will hold all 20 Of the cook
booklets. They simply snap in
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-04-11
Superior Qualities Of Glass Fabric
1Make II Excellent for Decoration

now, like a fairy tale come true,
the market affords fustrous.
handsome satins, brocades, taft
fetas and sheer nets woven Of
pure glass thread
II doesn't require abundant
Imagination TO visualize the dec
orative possibilities of these
fabrics, nor TO understand their
praetieahfiity since they possess
all the qualities of fine glass plus
those of fine textiles.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-04-11
CELERY SPREAD

HERE'S AN unusual spread
TO enhance whole wheat bread.
Moisten 2 cup minced celery,
mixed with q cup minced nut
meats, with mayonnaise. Top
with paprika.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-04-11

Protein. approximately 70 grams sup
plement nenu With one yitamin. A, 3.
q. d concentrate.
Distributed b. King Features synd., Inc.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-04-11
Easy Cleaning

Since dust OF dirt cannot pene-
trate into glass fibeTs. II remains
on the surface and can quickly
and easily be wiped off with
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-04-11
Unique Peculiarly

Woven glass fabrics may be
made up in the same manner as
other fbers hut precautions
should be taken to prevent fray
ing Double hens are suggested
By the manufacturers. The fab
nc has a peculiarly heavy feel
about it-as though il were vet.
which may be disturbing AT first.
II is claimed that the material
may be sewn by standard sew
ing machines with SIX. lInen OF
cotton thread.
The cost of these rather fahu-
lous fabrics is comparable to any
fine textile in the so-called dec
orator class. Considering their
durability and color fastness
fglaSS does not fade) they might
properly be termed a good. long
term investment.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-04-11

damp cloth. This is an advantage
Of no mean Importance in hotels,
hospitals and public buildings
where the annual cleaning bill
for curtains is considerable.
For thorough cleansing, the
manufacturers say that glass
fabrics can be dipped in warm
water suds and rinsed in clear
water. to which few spoonsful
Of mineral oil has been added 70
restore the original high luster
of Softness.
So far satisfactory uphol-
stery fabric of woven glass has
not been perfected but for cur
ta1ns. draperies, bed spreads.
lamp shades and similar uses. it
is a material 10 be reckoned with.
1t lends itself, for example, par
ticularly 10 curtains and draper
les where a sheer. gOssamer
effect is required
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-04-11
important Possibilities

While the decorative possibil-
tiles are important, woven glass
fabrics have other advantages
not 50 common in the better
known fibers. For instance. glass
IS highly resistant 10 heat and
FIRE and will, to a large extent.
reduce fire hazards A glass
thread exposed 70 an open flame
will not Immediately burst into
fame as do some fibers, but will
slowly melt under extreme heat,
thus returning 10 a molten glass
state.
Glass fabrics are not affected
by changes IN climate and will
not therefore sag or shrink a
distinct advantage n localities
where such changes must be
considered. Nor is glass subject
80 dry rot. mildew or vermin IN
fcstatI0n
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-04-11
At the Fair

Many visitors 10 the New
York Worlds Fair saw the
splendid exhibit demonstrating
how liquid glass from an cleo
trically heated high temperature
crucible was forced through a
series of almost infinitesimal
openings, then chilled by a cold
draft.
The threaGs thus created were
reeled at great speed on an elec.
trio drum. forming a single
thread which, when spun to-
gether with others, made a yarn
of any desired thickness for the
specific material 10 be woven.
II was a fascinating exhibit 10
see. and typical Of the process
by which the tlbeTs for woven
glass materials are produced
commercially The fabrics are
woven On standard Jacquard
looms in a variety of pleasing
patterns They are usually 50
inches vide and are -aXaIIahlc-I
a range Of light-toned colors
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-03-09
The Gep~o~ Doe, &t Of Rambling through Mpna~s J4a"h
Strathmoor Club
Meets Wednesday

MRS. RAYMOND EDDY Of
Mettetal avenue will be hostess
to members of the Strathmoor
Garden Club at her home on
Wednesday at l o'clock.
Mrs. Charles w. Burton win
talk to the club on Culture OF
Lilies, Primroses and Coral
Bellies"
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-03-09
Made Own Furniture

She was married and had
four children when she became
interested in g mnas1u m
classes. When she was 40 she
decided she wanted TO learn
how TO make furniture.
"She organized a manual
training class, hired an in
structOr. and proceeded to
make a large fOur-post canopy
bed. She also made a tea cart
and a davenport with back
that could he swung forward
to make a table"
Then she studied architec-
ture and designed a 20-room
house. She designed and
helped To build small cottage
in Northern Michigan and
made all the furniture. wove
and braided the rugs and
hemmed the curtains herself.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-03-09
TO S peak
To Catholic Group

COUNTESS WALDECK, jour-
nalist and writer on interna-
tlonal affairs. will sneak on An
Orchestra Seat at World Drama
at a meeting of the Catholic
Study Club at B p. m. Monday
in the auditorium of the Activi-
ties Building in Parsons street.
The civics department of the
club viii meet at 1920 a. m.
Monday in the same place. with
Mrs. John Jackson Jr. presiding,
10 hear an address by Miss Helen
L. Smith of the Council of Social
Agencies staff.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-03-09

that Mayars enhancing Mrs Sterling Sanford and Ernest
Hemingway the author are sister and brother
And while the world talks about For Whom the Bell
Tolls Sanfords daughter Carol shows signs of taking
after Uncle writing smooth composition for Crosse
Ponte High Schools "Proem entitled "The Versatile Mrs
Hemingway
The piece Grace Hall Hemingway, her grandmother
Says the latest author from the Hemingway clan Cnci-
dentay, she's in lib.
when Grace Hall only years old she became com
peey blind following attack Of scarlet fever She had
the piano and spent her time composing
Sunday morning about later when the family were
all at church she tired of playing her alphabet
sit in the sunshine holding the book in her
hands, the large cOOrfu pictures and liked
the pages pretending she seeing Them This par
ticuar DAY remembering she wondered whether
her book again. Suddenly there in front
for bear She thought she must he dreaming;
she lust couldn't it, She rushed to the piano and
found she could black and white keys From then
on her eyesight improved rapidly
Carol goes on say that the versatile Mrs Hemingway
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-03-09
Nantucket Island which opened

Nantucket Island which opened
the Town Hall series in Chi
cago. From there she drove
alone TO California where she
is now painting and Iecturing.
"She is the mother of
Author Ernest. Hemingway
and my grandmother"
T h en- a younger sister,
Phyllis Sanford, also has a
short piece in "Proem' (Which
is good little publication
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-03-09
Psychologist Who Stays Anonymous

Frances takes bookings for Madame Straubuger whose
husband the present Minister of Finance to the eled Polish
government in England.
She spoke before the Danes of the Loyal Legion not onS
ago and the Danes most enthusiastic about her.
Just few of Frances lecturers include: :
Harry Hener known to all of Mayfair for his weeky
introduction of the speakers at Cass Theater Town Ha
Shirley Brooks lyric coloraura who graduated from Crosse
Pone High and whose lovely voice is said destined
to take her places in the world of concert
psychologist who is different from any other lecturer
we We ever heard about She DOESN'T WANT PUBLICITY
and therefore her kept quite secret Frances says
she's wonderful speaker.
There speakers for practically occasion in the
bureau
We have part certainly in keeping reminded
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-03-09

DoN'T try to talk to,
II some one
Who IS talking on
the phone.
It's a habit very many
have
And one we can't con-
done.
TO SHOUT out:
4 please do tell her
that"
Or, will you ask
him this"
Is reason quite enough
to class
Your annerS as
remiSS.
Find your telephone voice is
important, too!
We think of some of our De-
troit women whose lovely voices
are a Joy to hear over the tele-
phone as we'll as in face-to-face
conversation.
Mrs. Patrick Campbell, for
instance, has low, sweet yet
clear voice which is Joy to
hear. Mrs. Butler Higbie is
another whose crisp, low-toned
telephone voice is delightful.
Mrs. Ralph Lane is another.
Mrs. Ingersoll Lewis, Mrs. Hugh
Dillman. too, have delightfully."-
modulated speaking voices. Mrs.
Gregory Butler has a quaint,
clipped accent that is charming.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-03-09
Robert McNdbb Kers
Outstanding Members
Or MAYFAIR Sudden FomiIy

-sfIE most outstanding members of Msyfairs Sudden
Family don't 60 thumbing through your social regis
ter because for what it sounds like would
u be Mr. and Mrs. Robert McNabb Kerr.
Several weeks ago. Mr. Kerr decided on the Spur
OF Moment join the of of the Detroit boats
sailing in the classic. Quicker than could say
Bermuda classic he packed and off with the boys
Mrs Kerr runs second only to her husband in sudden
decisions
Mr. K called her from Havana at $50 p Wednesday
"Why don't you it's lovely here, he said
At p NJ Mrs Kerr. little breathess had settled into
her place on the plane and off to join the sailor
II was all done in such Jgtime that the maid had to tel
Mrs KS startled parents their daughter in Havana
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-03-09
Drove TO Coast

Mrs. Hemingway decided
next she'd like to know how
to paint and was so SUCCESS
full in this field that after she
was graduated from the Art
Institute Of Chicago, her paint
ings were exhibited all over
the United States.
When she was 81 she
learned 10 drive an automobile
and since has driven from one
coast to the other by herself.
"She recently" writes Carol.
completed the lecture about
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-03-09
Temple Sisterhood
Luncheon Monday

SISTERHOOD OF TEMPLE
BETH Ell will give a dessert
luncheon at 100 p. m. Monday,
in the recreation hall Of the
temple.
1t will be followed by a style
show TO be staged by a number
of smart shops which are fur
nlShInE models.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-03-09
Establishes Own Speakers Bureau

II you Message and get It over IN the MANNER
fascinating Huntington probably has her eye on you
Frances is the latest of Mayfars girls and has
established speakers bureau which furnishing lee
turers artists growing number OF Detroit CLUBS ana
other audiences
One day. wondering how she could put of her time
to better use idea hit her. Just like that
Mine said referring to her list of speakers arent
terribly expensive that appear on Town Hall programs
but think rivals In interest and quality the more pro-
fessianal
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-03-09
Lorraine S allow
Enqaqed TO Wed

LORRAINE f. SALoW'S en-
gagement TO Lieut.. George Leg
gat. son of Mr.. and Mrs. John
Leggat of Greenwich avenue. is
announced by her parents. Mr..
and Mrs. Lewis j. Salows OF
NARROW avenue.
Lieutenant Leggat is an in
structor at Kelly Field, Tex.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-03-09

became a good violinist and
an excellent singer. She was
offered contract by the
Metropolitan, but refused II in
favor of one proffered by a
young doctor, Clarence Hem
ingway, whom she married.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-03-09
Why Not Travel?
Subject al OAR.

THE MONTHLY meeting Of
the Fort Ponchartrain Evening
Group, Daughters of the Ameri-
can Revolution. will be at the
Women's City Club. Wednesday.
Dinner will be served at $50
and a lecture will be given by
Grace Plummer at 8 o'clock on
the subject, why Not Travel ?"
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-03-09
Clear, Laughing Tone

Mrs. Cecil Hobbs has a clear,
laughing tone TO her voice and
the sound of Mrs. Prewitt
Semmes on the telephone is a
reminder of her charming self.
Mrs. Julius Haas pitches her
speaking voice very low and yet
it is clear and distinct in every
syllable.
Mrs. Charlie Hicks. whose
career as diseuse is estab-
lished gives part credit to her
voice culture for her success
and Mrs. William Rust Pierce
is speaking proof of the fact
that the successful business
woman keeps her voice as
charming as her person.
Among others with extra
charming voices whom we think
of off-hand are Mrs. Alvan Mac
auley, Mrs. HOWE Muir, Mrs.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-03-09

and startles you when you
stop to realize that children
are doing the writing.
UncIe's Influence
Phyllis story is called "A
Sad Farewell and it's final
paragraph shows the same
Gertrude Stein influence which
was felt in Author Heming-
ways last work:
"She merely sighed, said
'GoOd-by' and dropped them
dropped them into the ash
can-dropped her poor old,
dirty, Summer saddle shoes
into the ashcan and walked
slowly back TO her room to
try on her new pair"
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-03-09
Phone Conversations
Can Best Be Held
With Only Two on Line
THE DOWAGER'S DOGMAS

RS DOGMAS
MO ONE can talk in
4 v manner sane
To some one on the
wire
If shouted at or whiS-
pered to.
It's bound to rouse
ones ire.
7 EFT telephoning be
IL confined,
Kept strictly entire
nous.
Don't irritate by break
ing in;
Wait till they speak
to you.
Gilbert Lee. Mrs. Francis Van
DYKE, Mrs. Edward A. Bachelor.
Mrs. Charles r. Murphy, Mrs.
Burt Eddy Taylor and Mrs. Ed
ward II. Jewett.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-03-09
Piano Pupils

The piano pupils Of Henrietta
D. Moeller will be presented IN
a recital at s p. m. Saturday in
Grinnells- auditorium. Louise
Troost. soprano. will be the as
sisting artist.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-07-08
TEACHERS OPEN
 ELI INSTITUTE
Professional Rela t i 0 n s Session Starts TOmOr-
 row at Sprague Hall

The Teachers College Summer session, and the Connecticut State Teachers association are sponsor ing their first annual Professional Relations Institute, tomorrow, at Sprague Hall Yale University, New Haven.
 The program will begin at Il a. n., and F. E. Engelman, presi- dent of the State Teachers Col- lege, New Haven, will officiate. Speakers will be Pres. Harry Wes- sells, Connecticut State Teachers Association, and Prof. Alorzo Myers of New York university.
 Following an informal luncheon, the group will reassemble at 2:30 p. m., and form discussion units, under the direction of persons prominent in the professional life of the state. At 2 p. m. the In- stitute will adjourn for a dinner meeting at the New Haven Y. w. c. A.
 During the evening. representa- tives of the discussion units will report on the matters studied by their respective units, and the gathering will be addressed by Dr. A. G. Grace, State Commissioner of Education, and Prof. ". s. Els bree of Teachers college, Colum- bia University.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-07-08
1345 Attend Air Raid Warden Instructions.
50 Waterburians Included in Classes Organized at
 Hartford, New Haven; Total War Warning Given

berlake, 27 Oakland avenue, teach CT: Robert R. Vance, 187 Bucking- ham street, American Brass Co.,; Roy H. Walch, 588 Chase parkway, teacher; Maurice c. Gray, Conto- cook, N. H. (guest of MT. Walch); U. Horton Warner, g Knoll street, Chase Brass & Copper Go.
 Police Capt. John Leary, 1080 Meri- den road; Police Lieut.. Patrick Ho- bart, 762 Hamilton avenue; Patrol man Joseph H. Guilfoile, 21 East Liberty street, Patrolman Edward F. Sullivan, 28 Wildemere avenue; Fire man Hiram Smith, 225 Hill street; Fireman Frank Bouley, 428 Pied mont street; Napoleon Charbonneau 102 Wolcott street, Scovill Mfg. Co.,; Charles A. Williams, Cheshire, Sco- will Mfg. Co.,; Walter J. Raciot, IA Theroux avenue, Scovill Mfg. Co.,; Howard Kraft, Wolcott, Scovill Mfg. CO; Jerome w. Yuotz, 57 Morning side avenue, Waterbury Tool Co. At Hartford are: Eileen Kelley, 32 Fox street, Byron Coal Co.,; Joseph L. Kelley, 276 Wolcott street, Water bury Tool Co.,; Margaret c. Kelley 56 wildwood avenue, Chamber oi Commerce; Robert F. Kiersted, 14t Chestnut avenue, Charles A. Temple- ton Co.; James w. Lee, 78 Revere street, teacher; Mary Louise Martin 97 Union street, public speaking teacher; Anson R. Stocking, 90l Wa tertown avenue, Bunker Hill Com- munity club and American Brass Co.,; Gordon R. Weaver, 859 Watertown avenue, and Max Kriegle, 75 Fleming street, Buffers store.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-07-08
ank Explodes,
 Boy, 8, Burned

.Nauigatuck, July S.--James c. Kelly, eight-year -old son of MT. and Mrs. Thomas Kelly of Field street, Millville, suffered minor burns yesterday morning when Q gas tank of an abandoned car exploded near the home of the child. The boy was considered fortunate that he was not more seriously hurt. Some of his hair was burned and his eyebrows were singed but as far as Is known, his eyesight was not impaired.
 The explosion occurred as a group of boys were playing around the car. Somebody Is said to have tossed 8 match into the gas tank, apparently believ- ing 1t was empty. A flame shot up and young Kelly was scOrched by 1t. Dr. Vincent F. Duffy treated him and the boy was convalescing in bed yester- day.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1941-07-08
DISCUSSION HELD
 ON NEW PIPELINE
Federal Engineer Here for Conference With City
 Officials on New Project

A conference between Mayor Vim cent A. Scully and Fred L. Cole, engineer for the Federal Works Agency, on the city's application for federal funds to aid in con- struction of a second pipeline from the Morris supply was to be held this afternoon. This morning MT. Cole had a lengthy meeting with City Engineer Charles A, Root, Assistant City Engineer Hen " Whitlock, and other members of the engineering bureau.
 The mayor has arranged a con- ference for Thursday with James e. Mcconnell, of Boston, New England regional director.
 Federal aid would allow the city to finance the pipe line project and construction of a third dam and reservoir without expending any sizeable portion of the $2,- 100000 bond issue which the ie4l General Assembly authorized.
 Bids for the pipe line will be opened at a meeting of the board of publcl works at the city hall tonight. The city is proceeding on the theory that while federal aid will bc welcome, it Is by no means sure and that it would be foolish to delay start of work and then receive no government funds.