davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1941-05-24

lies in American merchant vessels
they If It decided them
If 1t decided them,
British leaving this country face the
Axis alone.
the decision off the loss of tons of
demanded
shall have the opportunity OF passing the use OF
merchant naval that is be done the
debated
perhaps fibu take months
hand America is not to give this all out aid to
the better The British
then decide whether to tight alone or
One Britain
will be decision, and
well of Bltaln-shoud De
ullv the better.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1941-05-24

and in! There has been nothing
like this battle in all history. 1t Is
the future kind of battle; the kind
we probably shall have to fight our
selves when we are at war.
Around" was the British sea de-
Tense of Crete. "Over" was in war
plane against warplane and against
ships. In was land defense
against troops landed by transport
planes and gliders. And all was
close-quarters fighting from the
skies to the infantry mixing 1t up
hand-to-hand.
Challenge of Air Power.
What further evidence have we
of how deadly and decisive is the
challenge of air power to the ST.
premacy of naval power?
With all the Eastern Mediter-
ranean to patrol Admiral Sir Andrew
Cunningham could not have had a
large naval force around Crete. The
naval Job was TO prevent the ap-
proach of troop transports to make
a landing A f1otilla OF them made
a rush from under the cover OF the
islands of the Aegean and under the
protection of German submarines
and speedboats and Italian subma-
rines and destroyers and some
Italian major ships.
In swift maneuvers the British
Varships had to run down enemy
troopships and avoid torpedoes.
Meanwhile. since the enemy had
mastery of the air, they were targets
for enemy bombers. which were
largely free from British fighter in
reference.
Naval Defense Effective.
In such a battle royal, which IA
vored superior plane power, the Brit
ish were bound to lose some war
ships. The point is that the effec-
tiveness of the British naval de-
Tense of Crete augurs. with adequate
air support, heavy punishment for
German troop transport in any in
vasion of Britain.
For defense against troop trans
port planes and gliders, Maj. Gen.
Bernard C. Freybergs little army
also suffered from want of fighter
support. The R. A. F. was hampered
by lack of level ground in that
mountainous island for establishing
temporary air fields fol-, its too short
range fighters. This was also a
handicap for German troop trans
port and glider planes in landing.
In spite of all the talk to that
effect there is no evidence that
planes carried light tanks or artll-
lery pieces of moderately large cali
ber It is practicable to land them
at an airdrome, but they require too
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1941-05-24

N American bOttOmS, WITHOUT any
transfer of title to the ships now
called for under the provisions of
the Neutrality Act.
This might raise. too. the ques-
ton of naval conveys to see that
these American ships were not at
tackled in violation of international
law and the old law Of the freedom
of the seas-for which this country
has fought before in the past. How
ever, it is held in some quarters that
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1941-05-24
Audubon Society PIons
Field Trip Tomorrow

The Audubon Society will hold a
field trip tomorrow on the old Letter
estate, starting at am, 1t was
announced today. The leaders for
the walk will be Howard Ball, Don
aid McHenry, Clarence Shoemaker
and DR.. Paul Bowman.
A bus will leave the F street en-
trance of the Willard Hotel at Tbs
am.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1941-05-24
The Political Mill
Repeal Of Neutrality Act May Solve
Problem of Getting Supplies to Britain
BY GOULD LINCOLN.

Repeal Neutrality part-may be a solu
ton getting supplies Britain advocated
this week Secretary the Navy Knox Secretary War son
from the White House itself Inquiry Capitol Hill directed to those
elected
other than the statements the Secretaries.
the Neutrality Act would be the
legal
old international which
freedom the with certain restrictions contraband
safe bockaded concerned other words
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1941-05-24

OF America and
tn e m n W h @
has had charge
of the prosecu-
ton is Walter E,
Rice.
Today comes
the announce
ment that Mr.,
Rice has resign
ed his Govern
m e mt post to
b e C ON e vic e
president of the
Reynolds Metals
Co, makers OF
aluminium a n d
n n I l1y I n O
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1941-05-24
Nearby Defense Plant
To Build New Unit

The Engineering and Research
Corp. of Riverdale, Md, will build
an additional plant containing ap-
proximately $4,000 square feet OF
manufacturing space. the Navy De-
partment has announced. The
new unit will be adjacent to the
present plant and will be used for
manufacture of aircraft engines
and machinery. 1t is to be con-
structed through an agreement
with the Defense Plant Corp. and
is to cost S201 AIS.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1941-05-24
Jubilee Moss Planned

The Rev. Hubert H. Welsh, o. P,
veteran Dominican missionary, will
sing a solemn high jubilee mass OF
thanksgiving at 10 am. tomorrow
at st. Dominic's Church, Sixth and
E streets SW. The Rev. George
C. McGregor, o. p, of st. Aquinas
College, Columbus, Ohio, and the
Rev. Louis B. Springman, o. p.
will be deacon and subdeacon at
the mass.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1941-05-24

an INVASION sue
cessfully. 1t Is
not good news
for Ire ! a n d.
Once more the
value OF speed is
stressed W n e n
each new type
of war plane is
faster and more
p o W e rful. We
have a lesson in
the Importance
of air defensive
and air striking
pow er for our
island bases.
Around Nv q ,.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1941-05-24

close collaboration with Reich Frances only
They share the slogan in France that when the
grateful willing lend
pull out there Others especially those in colonial
unwilling
They
Palestine sufficient match the Germans win
half Dentz would fight in Syria
the az forces
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1941-05-24
Raises Risk of Involvement

Wilson, February March of
1917 before this declared Germany strongly urged
position themselves against
fighting the freedom of the He
unrestricted
without pratlcal
failed only
fbuser advice of
Attorney General ahead the merchant vessels armed
they armed after this country entered
the
the problem supplies
that country 1t again the question of risk the risk of involving
this that Americans believe
this
promised the British this through pres
Dental action,
AS long the Neutrality Act with its prohibition against sending
American ships
sale lease charter this that
supplies
that transferring them
these naval for its defense should England
down.
Axis combined prevent
effective this either
Britain other democace country
throughout Europe Japanese
have their all
Delay Is Proving Costly
should be equally clear that
President Roosevelt has before the
election during the campaign then clear that
all
AZ a
which in the ii
that figures have been submitted showing that the great majority Of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1941-05-24

NEW BURNSIDE. Ill, May "a L41.
Pat, an Airedale dog, has put an
alarm clock out of job in Mrs.
w. G. Peterson's home. For three
years the animal has been awaken
ing her daily by touching her cheek
or arm with his cold nose.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1941-05-24
This Changing World
British Doing Their Utmost to Defend Crete;
Iroq, Marking Time, Waits Nozi Renforcements
By CONSTANTINE BROWN.

The fight for the of being followed intensely
both sides of the Atlantic 1t is matter of another island
another falling the heel of the Axis There keys
is
II both will point British
holding out battle
excellent Medi
terranan base for land planes which such
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1941-05-24

utmost
present believed British feet is
WaVel
the handful of New Zeaanders
Tuesday afternoon.
believed the British fleet ought TO be
activity
German italian planes
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1941-05-24

during the last war, could become a
submarine base making it difficult
for the British Navy to operate in
the Mediterranean. According to
reports, small tonnage submarines
have already been brought to Greece
by rail; these can be assembled in
Greek navy yards and sent to the
Cretan base whence they could start
a total submarine warfare.
RecanSe of the great StratePic
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1941-05-24

HE opinions the writers this their not
necessarily The Stars Such opinions presented In The
Stars effort to give all sides OF questions OF interest to its
readers although such opinions be contradictory
themselves and directly opposed to The Stars.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1941-05-24

been for many years a close associ-
ate of Gen. Weygand. He is good
desk officer, but has no personality
and cannot inspire his men.
He is the typical professional
intelligence officer who has found
himself placed at the head Of an
important body of heterogeneous
troops. Some of the unit COM
manders are willing to go ahead with
whatever Vichy has decided and
share the oninion of the Vichv gov
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1941-05-24
Nv COL. FREDERICK PALMER.

Actually all we can learn about
the fighting around, over and IN
Crete can be said to strengthen the
view that Britain herself can resist
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1941-05-24
Syrian Troops Faithful to France

and Palestine the British
gaining the Arabs those
assistance portion of Gen Dent forces
territory
less demorazed than those in
Marshal Petain
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1941-05-24
Delay Is PROVING Costly

The cargOeS Shipped from thlS coun-
try to Britain have not been sunk,
but have arrived Senator Vanden-
berg of Michigan has obtained these
figures from Admiral Land, chair
man of the Maritime Commission.
That does not mean, however, that
the losses in British shipping have
not been and are not enormous, that
cargoes from other parts of the
world also vitality needed have failed
TO arrive. The decision which
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1941-05-24
Fuvoritism
InAIuminum
Case Is Cited
Rival of AIcou
Given Management
Of Federal Plants
By DAVID LAWRENCE.

For nearly three years the anti
trust division of the Justice De-
partment has been conductrg
suit to dissolve the Aluminium Co.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1941-05-24

supplies Bithhd territory of safe
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1941-08-27
Tacoma Shipbuilding Expands

Awarding of sl,s00000 contract by the maritime
mission to Tacoma firm Saturday again illustrates the
most important part that this maritime city is playing in
the construction of vessels of all kinds for the federal gov
eminent The contract is for building of six tugs for
use of the The Birchfied Boiler Co., headed by Al
Davies, has successfully completed job for the naval
establishment and is presently engaged in constructing
another of considerable Importance.
The new contract that the Birchfed interests
will extend their present facilities add building ways
and employ at least 200 Cooperation without
stint has been provided by the port commission offering
additional land for expansion and by the Chamber of Com
whose officials have been touch with the situation
for many months.
Other contracts by the federal government in recent
months have been awarded the Todd interests the Western
Bodybuilding Co., the Martnac yards the John Nelson Tank
Boiler Co, among Others Total costs into tn mil
lions 1t means continued employment for skilled mechanics
on scale that will dwarf the boom times of World No.
!. All in all, it is happy prospect.
Shpbuiding, in view of the worldwide losses sustained
In the present international conflict promises continue at
an ever acceleratng rate for decade TO II is
fong to know that Tacoma and environs will share this
industrial expansion II may be that the shpbuildng
industry will shortly eclipse the numbering and auxiliary
factories in this With this prospect in mind Ia
comas industrial future for to assured
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1941-08-27
QUESTIONS TO TEST
YOUR KNOWLEDGE

Can you answer seven of these
test questions Turn to the
woman's page for the answers.
l. A stethoscope is used by
musician. a machinist or a physi-
eisn7
2. What kind OF objects do
still-life paintings portrsyf
;. On what mountain did Gut
zon Borglum carve gigantic
memorial to the Confederscye
4. II is colder at the South
Pole than at the North Pole;
true or false,
5. Do the arteries or the veins
in human beings carry fresh
blood outward from the heart to
the muscles and other parts Of
the body.
s. A colunibarium is a nurs-
cry for columbine plants. a struc-
ture surrounded by columns. or
q repository for urns containing
the ashes Of cremated bodies.
Z. The actual weight OF a ship
is denoted by its gross tonnage
or displacement TONNAGE
8. Which one OF the following
metals is the heaviest known
substance in the world: iridium.
lead. osmium
2. Which large American city
Is built principally on three is
lands-
10. The cells If n honey comb
have four, five or SIX sides.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1941-08-27
Washington Leads Once More

Not only is this state playing leading role in defense
production but this week became of the first states
in the nation to mobilize retail stores for the sale Of
Defense Savings Stamps.
In response TO request from Secretary of the Treasury
Morgenthau Saul Haas State Defense Savings admins
TRAITOR announced that Defense Savings Stamps went
sale at nearly 1000 chain stores Monday Spokesman for
independent retailers have promised that stamps will be
placed sale at all independent stores possible
1t is tremendous undertaking to attempt organize
general retail sales of Defense Savings Stamps in the
is already taking this responsibility for its 266s2
retail stores.
n W 'le ohan o'rres assoelalon III
this week, has accomplished at a feat which has
saved months of effort and organization Time is the
important element in all of National Defense program
this quick response by state doubly important
Purchase Of stamps constitutes defense loan to the
federal for its emergency program and
at the time provides a sound investment for all
citizens.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1941-08-27
Mr.. Fisit: What county IL
Id and where II u located
MIS- m AZ A.
HOROSCOPE
WEDNESDAY. AUGusT .,


senefic aspects rule today, al
though adverse influences are
active. The morning should
bring encouraging news OF abb
sent members OF the family.
Heart and Home: Women viii
benefit under this eonfiguration
which should be fortunate for
interviews with employers or
persons able to accord favors.
Girls viii do well to forget ro-
nance and TO devote attention
to practical matters. Major
economic changes are 10 follow
the world war and they will add
to women's scope of work in
business, trades and the learned
professions. This is the time TO
study carefully what vocation IL
Ia wise TO follow.
Business Affairs: As the sum-
mer playtime ends Americans
will face the future with new
gravity. In the midst of pros
perity future financial problems
viii cause even the least serious
men and women to concentrate
upon the wise use of wages and
income. Thrift, so long preached
by the seers. will be practiced
more generally than in previous
years. Many will feel the neces-
sity of methodical contributions
for the aid of war victims. Modi-
fled tithing will be suggested by
philanthropists.
National Issues: Educational
discussions viii bring about
widespread training for the use
Of hands as well as brains. EN-
phssis on what il practical will
no advocated when the schools
and colleges open. The seers
foretell for 1p<5 . trend toward
art and culture, tor here in the
United States will ne gathered
in galleries and libraries much
that was precious to European
nations. General interest in the
finer things will heal many of
the hurts Of bsrhsric war.
Persons whose birthdste IL is
have the sugury of a year of
success. There is promise of
benefits through travel and
changes.
Children born on this day prob
ably will be generous in nature
and strong in mentality. They
should be artistic. generous and
intellectual.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1941-08-27
Army Opportunities

One in every 100 soldiers in the new army will get
opportunity to receive commission. The program Of
training in Officer Candidate schools being expanded
from 400 to 1920 men a year
After six months training any soldier in the ranks.
seectee volunteer eligible TO try for appointment to
such school, The appointments go to who have
demonstrated qualities of leadership in actual service.
That's it should be. True democracy. in military
In civil e does not consist of everybody dead level
but equal chance to all to rise according to ability" A
universal service taking does cross-secton of
young Americans contains unusual proportion of
of high intelligence and ability II is reassuring to
that the army proposes to use them.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1941-08-27
SALONS RESTING
On THEIR OARS

The tip-off that the president
intended to put something
across in newspaper headlines
which he had failed to make as
clear as he had wanted il TO be
was that the message was sent
10 a House that is in recess
until Sept. Is. and TO a senate
openly resting on its oars. Also
significant is the fact that two
days before the presidents mes
sage. Associate Justice Frank
who is held in high regard in
Murphy Of the supreme court.
the circles OF his own church.
made a special plea 10 the Inter-
national Convention Of the
Knights OF Columbus. at At
lsntie City. N J.. TO support his
chief in his attitude toward Rus
sia as buffer for the AXIS foes.
Murphy Is = recognized ad-
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1941-08-27
NELSON TO RE MADE
HEAD DEFENSE MECHANIC

No matter what kind of
shakeup the president makes of
the present defense organiza-
ton, you may look for the selec-
ton of Donald Nelson 10 be the
head mechanic He is the two
fisted businessman drafted from
the Sears, Roebuck organization
to head the purchasing division
Of the office of production man
agement. Twice he has gone to
the White House with his resig-
nation. His protest has been
that defense lacks Coordination.
Both times he has told to wait.
that a streamlining treatment
is just around the corner.
No one person now has copy
right on the theory that re-
armament and lease-lend are
suffering from a severe attack
Of overlapping agencies and per-
so1nel. But when Nelson first
talked TO the president about
quitting. he was the original
man on the inside Of the defense
setup 10 talk turkey TO the chief
executive. His division is &C
copied as a model of speed and
efficiency.
The one master plan the presi-
dent found on his desk when he
returned from MS sea confer
ences called for putting the
board on a basis of outstanding
efficiency in the conservation
and distribution Of strategic
materials for planes, tanks,
guns. boats and other equip
ment. These have been the
toughest problems OPM, war,
navy and the lease-lend admin
istration have had. The pro-
posed board would include the
heads OF these groups. plus
Vice President Wallace and
Price Boss Leon Henderson.
But boards and commissions
have proven weaknesses. They
stand or fan largely on the per-
Torrance OF their executive d.
rector or directors. And CO.
ordinsting such special abilities
is where Nelson Is expected TO
show the touch Of genius that
has lifted him from a chemists
chair 10 the peak place he now
occupies.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1941-08-27

Those groups 10 whom Joe
Stains suppression Of Christian
worship is the severest black
mark against him have been
slow to go along with the idea
of about aid to the U. S. S. X.
Ever since the war begun, the
Catholic clergy have been insist
ing that our ultimate foe be the
Communists. Many a man in
the street has been lukeware
toward helping the Soviets be-
cause of the economic principles
upon which Communism is
based. And they have not for
gotten the mock trials at which
enemies of the Stalinist regime
stood in the witness box and de-
livered themselves of amazing
confessions Of guilt. thereby
Fastening their appearance be-
1ofe flf1nG eQneu.
But the strongest opposition
In the Z. 8. 10 a Joint effort
with Russia against Germany
still continues to come from
those who hate Communism
most as an enemy of religion.
When Roosevelt and Churchill
drew up their famous declara-
ton Of principles, the mainten-
ance of religious freedom was
implied. but not mentioned in
SO many words. The presidents
message TO congress put 1t into
cold type and on the record.
Before messengers brought
the document to the Hill 10 be
read in the House and the Sem
ate, a feeble effort was made
by the White House TO give II
a buildup. IL was stated that
the president had written a
message in long hand the night
before and that the previously
announced eight points would
be only part Of the message.
A tourist public in the capital
looked for great revelations. The
senate galleries were packed.
But an unofficial count showed
only 30 members on the floor
Of the House and IS scattered
about the senate
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1941-08-27

rel business. Nathaniel vas ap-
prenticed to snip chandler.
where he stayed until h vas
old enough TO 90 70 sea. He
studied constantly. before and
after working hours and dur
ing free moments between
times; he specialized in mathe-
mates. out ne also mastered
algebra and Latin unslded He
learned French. and later sc-
quired Spanish. Italian sno Ger
man. He read everything ne
could lay hands upon. ana he
taught himself navigation.
When he was Just old enough
TO vote he made his first VOYAGE
To yea a. a ships clerk. or what
We know now a. purser. His
next trip was a. supercargo.
And when he voyaged away on
what was only his fifth trip To
sea. he was aboard lofty big
merchant ship as captain re-
markable man.
Shortly afterward Bowditch
enjoyed the distinction OF being
able TO refuse honors from no
less than three of the nations
greatest universities. An invita-
ton TO become professor Of
mathematics at Harvard. the
University Of Virginia and the
United states Naval academy at
Annapolis.
Bowditch was still young
man The died AZ Boston IN
1881 when he retired from his
spectaculatly active seafarlng
career to devote himself to more
academic matters and became
equally famous among the schol-
ars Of the era.
Meanwhile. IL was in 1902
when he was only % years old
that ne published mis- now
famous cook Of naugators'
mathematical tabulations. which
is formally and awkwardly
known as The American Prac-
tical Navigator" and more IA
miliarly called simply a Bow
ditch.
Bowditch il even yet the high
est authority on navigation and
is unquestionably of the great
est value TO mariners of any
single naylgational book there is.
Our navy adopted the volume
as official almost Immediately
after it was first published; no
skipper or mate OF the merchant
marine would ever give so much
as a passing thought to naviga-
tion without automatically IN
Guiding Bowditeh.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1941-08-27
western nations.

western nations
The ultimate seems to he in
evitable. With central Europe
under the dominate of either
isms, and the masses of the
three continents thus dominated
Uncle Sam will probably have
his hands full, and for the simple
reason that he has not as yet
learned to "mind his own bust
ness" and turn his attention to
an about for home, economic
betterment, rather than in med
ding with the affairs of Europe
and making unkept promises
with fingers crossed" hoping
that ultimately capitalism might
become the dominating eco
Monies of the world.
+. TAPFAN TANNATT.