davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1941-04-23
THE HEART OF AMERICAS MEcHANIzED
WAR Ac IN S


l. oU may 60 through your entire life without
ever seeing roller bearing. But much of the gov.
ernment's many -blliondollar program would be
stopped in its tracks without them. Timken, the
worlds largest manufacturer of roller bearings, is
therefore vital to Americas defense And Timken
is marching in step ,vith all America.
During the past year, millions of dollars have
been invested in expansion and new equipment
to ready ourselves for the job of supplying
builders of airplanes, tanks, ships, guns trucks,
and machine tools with steel and bearings. Even
greater expansions to meet Americas defense needs
now being made. And there will be still more
in 1912 if the nations defense needs more
The Timken steel mill supplies tough and hard
metal for roller bearings and for many important
Evening star., 1941-04-23
AUCTION SALES.
FUTURE.

THoS. J. OWEN & SON. Auctioneers,
143l Eye St. NV.
Evening star., 1941-10-14
Reporter Given Taste of Realistic War
As He Rides Bomber in Raid on Capital

time with the new bombers; a gun
ner, radio operator and the passen-
ger. The flyers made the passenger
comfortable in the navigator's seat
before a desk both compact and ef-
f1cient, with map cases, filing spaces
plotting instruments and radio head
phones ready at hand.
Escape Hatch Overhead.
Too, there was an escape hatch
just overhead, covered by a glass
blister which gave both light and
visibility and was wide enough to
lug parachute through in case OF
an emergency.
The flyers helped their passengers
into parachute harness, showed him
how to sit on the chute and where
to find the rip cord. Not, of course
that the passenger might need the
information. 1t was just that the
Air Force Combat Command likes
to be prepared.
Our bombers gathered speed as
they drove inland. The two ships
behind closed in on the leader, rid
ing steadily in a close ~" I
climbed on q seat and stuck my
head into the blister on1top of the
fuselage for a look around. We
passed over the outskirts Of Phils-
Evening star., 1941-10-14

ing centers of the Eastern seaboard
The volunteer spoilers sought to
give the interceptor units accurate
warning in advance.
Headed Out to Sea.
From the first hint Of dawn yes
terday raiders had been flying from
Langley. Medium and few heavy
bombardment aircraft took part
mostly new types designed to strike
with great speed while carrying
heavy bomb loads, armament and
armor. This base throbbed with ac-
tivity from daylight, when the first
squat giants on the line began to
cough over their engines, until far
into the night, while raiders came
and went in the darkness.
Our formation, three medium
Martin bombers, got away, early in
the afternoon and passed out to sea
eastward between the Virginia
capes. We held the course for 100
miles or so at 5,400 feet and then
swung northeast, paralleling the
Eastern Shore of Virginia and
Maryland, but remaining well out
to sea. \
There were six men in our crew
two co-pilots. Its. A. H. Larson and
J. N. Eubank; third substitute
pilot, who was building up his flying
Evening star., 1941-10-14
Army to Release BergdoN;
u. S. Drops -Four Old Charges
Droft Dodger to
Be Poroled From
Fort leuvenworth
By J. A. FOX.

Grover Cleveland Bergdoll, cele-
brated World War draft dodger, u
is to be freed from the United States
Disciplinary Barracks at Fort Leav-
enworth, Kans., where he is serving
Army court-martial sentences ag-
gregating seven and one half years,
1t was reported here today, after
the Justice Department moved to
quash four old charges growing out
of his evasion of the Draft Act in
1918 and subsequent flight to Ger
many.
Bergdolls sentence expires IN
1947.
The Justice Department acted
after en inquiry from a high War
Department Official as to Bergdoll S
status. it was said. This official ex-
planned that Bergdoll had applied
for parole, and that if there were
any charges hanging over him, the
War. Department could not take
favorable action.
Attorney General Bddle there
upon looked into the matter and
decided the old charges should be
removed, since the Justice Depart
ment did not intend to prosecute
them. He so advised the United
States District Attorney at Phila-
delphia this morning and then noti-
fed the War Department. An in
formed official at the Justice De-
partment said it was understood
that the parole was TO be granted.
The four charges pending against
Bergdoll go back % years One is
an information setting out that he
failed to appear for physical exami-
nation under the Selective Service
See BERGDOLL. Page abb
Evening star., 1941-10-14
Captured Gestopo Radio Ship
Brought to Boston by Navy
Secrecy Wells Identities Of Crew of n
Turned Over to immigration Officials

members of the crew and the Ges-
tapo agent other than to indicate
that most of those captured claimed
Norwegian nationality. Nor would
Navy men discuss the disposal of the
radio equipment captured in Green
land.
On the deck of the Busko, report
ed to have been One-time sealer,
was a portable electrical generator.
Also, much in evidence, were dog
sleds, several huSkies and man.
moth black Newfoundland dog. The
prize crew reported the old craft
was filthy inside and said that the
voyage TO Boston, through rough
weather, had been far from pleasant.
Immediate inventory was begun
while customs officials, Federal Bu-
,reau of Investigation agents, armed
sailors and marines took charge of
the dock.
1t. Comdr. Joseph Gainard, for
mer captain of the American
freighter City of Flint, which was
tSee RADIO SHIP. Page ABB
Evening star., 1941-10-14
British, Russians Agree
To Tehran Withdrawal
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
TEHRAN, Iran, Oct. 1.-THE
British Legation announced today
that Great Britain and Soviet Rus
sia had agreed to Trans request for
withdrawal of their troops from
Tehran. The garrisons are expect
ed to leave within 10 days.
The Allied governments sent
forces here to do one job-eXpel the
Germans" a Legation spokesman
said. Now that that is over there
is no real reason for them to stay
in the capital. The continued pres
ence of foreign troops here embar-
rassed the Iranian government and
undermined its position with the
people"
Evening star., 1941-10-14
BY the Associated Press.

BOSTON, Oct. IA A dirty,
weather-worn Norwegian vessel,
which was seized by the United
States Navy off Greenland, where
naval men charged it had been used
by German Gestapo agent for set
ting up a secret wireless station. was
brought into Boston today with her
crew of 81.
A patrol vessel of the North At
lantic Navy command captured the
Cotton, ketch-rigged auxiliary ship.
which bore the name Busko and
carried the Norwegian colors atop
her mast and painted on her sides.
Placed in charge of prize crew of
10, it was conveyed to Boston by the
former Byrd Antarctic Expedition
flagship Bear. now a naval vessel,
and the crew was turned over to
immigration authorities.
Naval and immigration officials
did not lift the veil of secrecy that
has concealed the Identities of the
Evening star., 1941-10-14
Bootleg Price Bids
Forced Building Ban,
0. P. N. Official Says
Demand Exceeds Supply
Of Some Materials 300
Per Cent, Haynes Reveals

The Government was forced tc
curtail n-defense construction be-
cause n unrestricted bidding fol
materials in market where de-
mand exceeds supply by so per cent
and in some cases by more than 300
per cent, an o. P NJ. official asserted
today.
Speaking before the Associated
General Contractors of America
meeting in Detroit. John L. Haynes
chief of the Lumber and Building
Materials branch of o. P. NJ, sale
today that bootleg prices" had beer
bid and asked for steel, copper anc
other scarce materials.
Many Jobs Held Up.
You must also be acquainted.
he told the contractors, with nu-
merous jobs half completed anc
begged down for lack of deliveries
of critical materials and equipment
Hundreds and hundreds of con-
struction jobs are being choked
choked here and choked there be.
cause of the shortage I have beer
describing
Il am informed several munitions
plants under construction tand, BY
the way, blessed with the highest
of priority ratings are having diff
ficulty in obtaining, among Other
things-structural steel"
Designers of new buildings must
perform strip tease in trimming
critical materials from their prof.
ects if they expect to receive ap-
proval of the o. P. M. priorities
branch, Mr.. Haynes said.
He maintained that the construc-
ton industry is as we'll off today as
it was before the curtailment order
of the Supply Priorities and Alloca
tionS Board was announced last
Wednesday The proposed program
he maintained. merely formulizes
conditions existing last week with
the ragged edges trimmed off.
Better Deliveries Seen.
4u4AS dppI clldtc Cilc NOI Is
projects may not be started i
strong talk Mr.. Haynes declared
but was not that, as matter Of
practical fact, just the situation We
had yesterday? Was the gamble
and you must admit it was a gamble
that you might be able TO perform
your contract for five-story apart
ment house of any material benefit
to the construction industry?"
Mr.. McKenna contended that un.
der the new program there should bt
much better deliveries so that large
amounts of construction work still
can be undertaken
In another statement relating tC
the building industry, o. p M. sale
that much work remains to be done
even though non-defense construc-
ton has been curtailed. A report
said that 81 per cent of the So
$50 ,867 900 defense construction pro.
gram is incompleted.
The report showed that on Sep
tember ! about 40 per cent or S1,715.-
100000 of the military construction
program was completed. including
81 per cent Of the military housing
program. Of the military con-
(See o. P. M, Page A-4D
Evening star., 1941-10-14
By w. H. SHIPPEN, Jr,
Star Staff Correspondent.

LANGLEY FIELD, Va, Oct. A.
When our raiders swept in from the
Atlantic Ocean yesterday afternoon
they frightened formation, stepped
up their speed and headed for the
Washington area.
Some 5000 feet below us, through
ground haze and scattered cloud
battlements glimmering in the slant
ing sun, civilian spoilers, we knew,
were trying to identify us, estimate
our secret course, speed and possible
destination.
At a dozen fields, some 200 fighter
pilots had their deadly little pursuit
ships on the line, waiting to throw
a protective screen between swift
new bombers and their objeectives
in the population and manufactur-
Evening star., 1941-10-14
Red Peasants Quit
Fields 10 Bolster
Moscow Defenses
Vyozmo Loss Minimized,
For Nozi Wedges Had
Already Caught 1t
BY A. T. STEELE,

Foreisn Correspondent of The Star and
Chicago Daily News.
MOSCOW, Oct. 14-The barrier
Of Russian men and metal standing
in the way of the German advance
to Moscow is growing and strength
ing" with thousands of people leav-
ing the fields to assist in the con-
struction of new defense works at
the city's distant approaches.
This is the more hopeful tenor of
today's reports from the Soviet front
west of this city which again, how
ever, stress the ferocity of the Ger
man attacks and admit the con-
tinued though slower German ad-
vance.
The loss of wanna while serious
does not materially alter the posi-
ton, for the city had been caught
between the German wedges driven
through under the initial impact of
the Nazi offensive.
The progress Of the German
thrust from the south also has
slackened slightly in the region
north of Orel, but the battle con-
tinues with undiminished intensity
with the Germans launching as
many as six or seven tank attacks
daily against the elastic and bitterly
resisting Russian lines.
Valuable Time Gained.
In slowing up the German often
sive at VyaZma, Soviet advance
units performed a tremendous serv-
ice. They gained time for bolster
ing the defenses of Moscow and for
pouring thousands on thousands of
men into the zone around the Rus
sian capital.
Russian correspondents at the
front repeatedly refer to the COL
umns of fresh troops marching into
the fighting line. These troops,
they, say, are warmly clothed in
jackets, vests, greatcoats. fur caps
and mittens and have a determined
bearing.
Seeking holes through which to
drive new wedges and enlarge their
gains before the Russian front So
lidifes. the Germans are ceaselessly
shifting the focus OF their attacks
from one point to another in light
ming transfers of tank units and mo-
torized infantry.
Air Superiority Retained.
From the beginning of the present
offensive the Germans have striven
to win full domination of the air,
but the Russians now claim that
they have definitely failed in this
effort. Until a few days ago it ap-
peared that they might succeed.
Then came a turn in the situation
and since that time the Russians
See STEEI E PAGE A-13O
Evening star., 1941-10-14
Carmody and Staff -
In Virgin Islands 10
Survey Public Needs
$4,000, 900 to Be Spent
On Defense and Welfare
Program in Outpost
Special Dispatch to The Star.


ST. THOMAS, Virgin Islands, Oct.
14.-John M. Carmody, Federal
Works administrator, arrived in the
Virgin Islands today on an official
visit envisioning the bringing of the
American way of life to these island
outposts of American defense.
Mr.. Carmody and his party arrived
from. San Juan. Puerto Rico. by
Coast Guard cutter which met their
ship and brought them directly here
They were greeted by Gov Charles
Harwood, whose effots in Washing
ton brought about the F. w. A.
heads trip and Immediately plunged
into study of plans calling for a
preaching program for the COM
plete economic and social rehabili-
tation of the islands at a projected
cost of about S10,000,000 All
ICao rApMODV pooe A11h
Evening star., 1941-10-14
Churchill Raises
Screen Of Secrecy
Around Aid 10 Reds
Refuses to Let Commons
Debate Question or
Discuss Present Bottle
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
LONDON, Oct. 14.-Prime Minister
Churchill raised a screen of secrecy
around the question of aid to Russia
today, refusing to permit the HOUSE
of Commons to debate the subject of
British help and declining to discuss
the course of the battle before
Moscow.
In brief parliamentary exchange
Laborite Emanuel Shinwell, advocate
of a British diversion in the west,
had asked for a debate on aid to
Russia. The Prime Minister brusque-
ly brushed aside questioners, how
ever.
mo Monopoly on Anxiety"
Mr.. Shinwell should not suppose, "
declared Mr.. Churchill, that he has
a monopoly of anxiety in these
matters. l do not see any reason
at all for an early debate at the
present time on the situation in the
east.
Il think it might be detrimental.
I am sure it would likely do more
harm than good"
Mr.. ShinWell declared there is
considerable diSquiet in the country
about the whole substance and speed
of the assistance rendered Russia"
Mr.. Churchill said that any state
ment on the German offensive must
obviously be left to the Russian high
command who are conducting their
great battle"
L should not presume" he said,
ito add anything to their commu-
niqueS at this juncture."
Laborite Aneurin Bevan cut in
here with a charge that Lord Hall
fax, Ambassador to Washington, had
by irresponsible utterances" in the
United States given 'gratuitous as
surances to the enemy that they will
not be attacked anywhere.
Mr.. Bevan said Lord Halifax was
"a man with bad record this way
| Mr.. Churchill asserted that Mr.
Bevan's words were abuse of man
who is on a high mission outside this
country" and he stuck to his refusal
of a debate even in secret session
Evening star., 1941-10-14

Proposals by the commissioners
to abolish all parking on certain Sc
lected arterial highways between 7
am and 7 pm. and to abolish
double parking privileges of COM
mercial vehicles everywhere in the
city were sharply criticized today
before a House subcommittee look
ing into the whole traffic problem.
Protests came from Arthur j..
Sundlun. president of the Mer-
chants e. Manufacturers Associa-
ton, and C. w. Turner, division
superintendent of the American
Railway Express Co., who is chair
man of the organization Traffic
Committee.
The Streets and Traffic Subcom-
mittee of the House District Com
mittee, headed by Representative
Schultz, Democrat. of Indiana. this
noon opened hearings on bill au-
thorizing the Commissioners to set
up municipality owned parking lots
on the fringe" of the business dis
tricts in an effort to get a report
ready for Chairman Randolph of
the full committee at its regular
meeting Monday.
Mr.. Randolph hopes to have the
parking lot measure ready for House
consideration october 27-the final
District day of the month.
Declare Ban Not Justified.
The American Railway Express
Co. representative told the subcom-
mittee today that the traffic situa-
ton during the non-rush hour Pc
riods is not serious enough to justify
a ban on all street parking through
out the day.
A prohibition against double park
ing by commercial vehicles. he de-
clared, would create a situation that
would be "intolerable," because so
per cent of deliveries now must be
made through double parking.
Mr.. Sundlun and Mr.. Turner ap-
peared before the subcommittee to
indorse the fringe-parking bill.
Representing 400 business concerns
in the Merchants and Manufacturers
Association, Mr.. Sund1un said, he
feels the time has come when more
oh-street parking accommodations
(See TRAFFIC. Page A-3)
Evening star., 1941-10-14
Observation-Disclosures
By Heavy Artillery Nazis Claim;
Great Tank Battle Rages in West
Struggle Growing
In Intensity,
Reds Declare
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
MOSCOW, Oct. 14.-Great
mechanical battles west of Mos
COW, with the Germans throw
ing in fresh quantities of tanks
and mortars In an effort to drive
over Russian barriers, was re-
ported by the Army newspaper
Red Star today, which said the
Germans were thrown back 10
miles in one local sector.
Gan authoritative source in
London reported that German
advanced units had reached
Mozhaisk, so miles west of Mos
COW, but had been elected by the
Russians. This apparently was
the high-Water mark of the pro-
longed German offensive agains.
Moscow
While the Germans maSsed fresh
forces for an effort to inclose Mos
COW, and were admitted to have
forced the Russians out of Vyazma
125 miles directly to the west.
graphic dispatches to the Soviet
press pictured the battle as one of
growing intensity.
Air Combats Constant.
Constant air combats were taking
place overhead, it was said, while
troops and tanks clashed at many
points as the Germans shifted from
side to side in an effort to break
through.
Although the Germans maintained
their superiority in numbers and
weight of machines and continued to
advance at some points, Russians
said their resistance was growing
and their counterattacks increasing
III frequency.
The press said thousands of civil
ians were working on chains of field
fortificat tions, a steady flow OF re-
serves was moving up. the Russian
transport system functionirig and
the air force steadily patrolling
roads along which the Germans were
trying to advance.
Masses of new Soviet troops were
said to be taking up their stand un-
der oath ito die here, but not let the
enemy to Moscow
Night Tank Attack Launched.
Red Star said the battlefield was
strewn with German dead near
village ~" where the Germans
were driven back. The Russians
first repulsed the Germans and then
launched a large-scale night tank
attack, the paper said.
Although the Germans eventually
recovered, they were only able to
regain three of the 10 miles they
had lost, it was said.
Ten thousand Germans were killed
in three separate actions, most Of
them in one six-day battle in which
dozens of German tanks, eight guns
and 140 troop-carrying trucks were
destroyed. Pravda, Communist party
paper, said.
One Soviet tank unit was said to
have accounted for 96 tanks and
killed nearly 1,500 Germans.
Despite the great mass of air
power that was first thrown into
the attack, Izvestia declared, the
Germans failed to disrupt Russia S
(See MOSCOW, Page A-10)
Evening star., 1941-10-14

A reporter for The Star, through
courtesy of the Air Force Combat
Command, took a flight, yester-
duu 1Uith three medium bombers
1Dhich "nttacked" Washington
from their base at Langley Field
as part of 1Uide-scale exercises to
test air raid defense systems.
FOLLOWING is his account OF the
raid"
Evening star., 1941-10-14
Britain Ceases ADDING
To Wheat, Sugar Stocks
BY the Associated Press.

BY The ASSOclated Press.
LONDON, Oct. IA. - Britains
stocks of wheat and sugar. the Food
Ministry announced today, have
reached a state where it Is no
longer necessary to build up any
more reserves"
The wheat stocks were declared
to be larger than at any time since
the outbreak of the war.
Evening star., 1941-10-14
Summary Of Todoy's Stor

Foreign.
Russian peasants leave fields to boil
ster Moscow defenses. Page Al
Churchill raises screen of secrecy
around aid to Reds. Page Al
Russia has men, need is tools, Har-
riman says. Page Al
British battleship, cruiser torpedoed,
Italians claim. Page Ali
Notionol.
Carmody in Virgin Islands to sur
vey needs. Page Al
One dies, eight rescued in binding
storm. Page AS
Railway unions criticize emergency
compensation plan. Page AS
Deadlock developS in efforts to end
tank plant tie-up. Page Ali
Green saws A. F. L. will support
British Ito bitter end" Page Ala
Evening star., 1941-10-14
Businessmen Oppose
Proposed Parking Ban
At House Hearing
Merchants and Express
Officials Favor Bill
For Off-Street Lots

RAILROAD MEN see difficulties in
rail commuter plan development.
Page B.
Evening star., 1941-10-14
Arming Ships
.Dooms Sailors,
Hearing Is Told
Secret Session of
House Group Irks
Republican Members
BACKGROUND

BACKGROUND
Seeking to inSuldte the United
States against lCGrS, Congress IN
1885 passed Neutrality Act. After
outbreak Of European Wdr, Con-
greSS amended ldlC to substitute
cdSh-Gnd carry prOUiSion for
arms embargo. President Roose-
Uelt recently urged repeal OF pro-
rtSion barring Grn1inq Of Amer
icdn ships and also suggested
Congress giUe consideration to
eliminating ban on operation Of
such UeSSelS in combat zones.
Evening star., 1941-10-14

(See AIR RAID, Page A-4.3'
Evening star., 1941-10-14

(See CARMODY, Page A-11)
Evening star., 1941-10-14

(See STEELE, Page abb
Evening star., 1941-10-14

(See BERGDOLL, Page abb
Evening star., 1941-10-14

Late news and sports are covered on
Pages Tx and 2-X Of this edition OF
The Star. supplementing the news Of
the regular home delivered edition.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-03-11
Siam
Sign Treaty
International New. Service Cable

TOXIC, March ~11.-A peace
treaty between French Indo-China
and Thailand (Siam). negotiated
under japanese mediation and end
ing months of border warfare. was
initiated in Toxic today.
Conclusion of the treaty after
lengthy negotiations and two ex-
tensions of the arrnisticc between
the disputants was hailed by Toxic
circles as a smashing diplomatic
triumph for Japan which would
promote stability in the Far
East.
During the negotiations Japa-
nese spokesman openly charged
the United States and Britain
were seeking 10 influence French
authorities and were interfering
TO prevent successful conclusion OF
japanese mediation efforts.
The treaty was initiated at a
ceremony in the official residence
of japanese Premier Fumimaro
konoye.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-03-11
Free Showers
Cass Park May Help Ease
Hot Summer Nights

Detroiters living in the Cass
Park area, who spend considerable
time in the park. especially on hot
Summer nights. will be pleased TO
learn that they may have free
showers there next Summer.
The city engineers office was
asked by Councilman Eugene 1.
Van Antwerp TO study the posi-
bility of including showers in
comfort station which is to 6be
built in the park.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-03-11

among Bethlehem Steel Corpora
ton employees while awaiting ar
rival of two government defense
"trouble-shooters' to clear up a
grievance dispute with the COM
pany.
The SWOC claims a membership
of 1900 at Bethlehem's Lacka-
wanna plant, where a two-day
strike was terminated upon the
company's agreement to reinstate
600 suspended workers, and to dis
cuss employe grievances with
union REPRESENTATIVES.