davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1941-03-07
Defense Labor SHORTAGE

The recent announcement by Fed
eral Security Administrator Paul v.
McNutt that fewer than twenty-fi five
workers in each of one hundred de-
fense occupations were registered
with State employment offices in
January accentuateS the seriousness
of the shortage of skilled craftsmen
for the Nations war industries. An
inventory conducted by the Bureau
of Employment Security for the
Social Security Board revealed
that in many essential defense
classifications the number of regis
trations was very small as the year
opened. In ten aircraft occupations,
for example, fewer than twenty regis
trants we're reported throughout the
country, and in sixty-two defense
categories fewer than ten workers
were listed as available for employ
ment.
These figures are important for
two reasons: First, because they pro-
vide additional evidence that rearm-
ament, to use the words of Secretary
Perkins, is breaking the back of un-
employment in the United States,
and, second, because they emphasize
the need for prompt action to in
crease the number of skilled workers.
If output of defense materials is to
attain the volume required to meet
Aha emergency needs Of Great Brit
Evening star., 1941-03-07
Young Hawk and FoIconer

Far from her hemlock Gery IN the
hills,
Neither by loneliness nor tumWh
cowed,
Spirit of untamed wilderness sks
Hyed
ScorntuI of pity, beautiful and proud.
No,U she lies deud-drd By such
hateful hands,
Her dotUny plumGge stained With
cooling blood
Before she kneU the ,Utnd across her
tDtngS,
Before she 1Oore the falcons Leather
hood.
The boy 1oho loUed her for her fierce
young strength,
Her glittering golden eyes, her
curUed keen bedk-
EUen the cruel talonS DieDed se2th
pride
Stands here, do,DncdSt, and has no
1pords to speak.
Grieuing for her trained claus Hpos
his t0riSt
He knoUs the attitudes his tdlcoS
missed.
EDNA L. o. BARKER.
Evening star., 1941-03-07
Quotes Bromide Phrases
From Speeches Of Lease-Lend Foes.

To the Editor OF The Star:
AS the Senate debate drags its slow
length along we begin to understand
what the "gentleman's filibuster" really
is. 1t is kind of incarnation. 1t is a
bit of sympathetic magic. 1t is the song
of the Lotos Eaters brought down to
date. With damnable iteration and re-
iteration it would bemuse the mind and
paralyze the will until both Congress and
the country have lost the name of action
The technique is fully explained in 'Mein
Kampf" Here are samples of it scrupu-
lousy edited from pages 1881 ,294 of
the Congressional Record:
"I am for America first"
81 am for peace first, last, and all the
time
It would rather be live coward than
q dead hero"
II am not alarmed"
"I would stop talking about crises and
emergencies"
"I would stop creating hysteria."
ct would stop this talk of fear"
Il would declare my faith in America
valiant Notwithstanding unafraid."
"I do not know anything about mill
tary strategy"
"I do not know anything about the
ships of the Navy"
My knowledge and experience are so
limited that I become tremendously con-
fused"
But do know that we can lick Hitler
easier in Mexico than we can lick him
in Germany"
This is not our war"
"The storm has not approached any
where near our shore, and there is no
likelihood that it ever will"
But 1 am for making our defense so
strong that no other power on God S
earth will dare to attack u.s.
"I despise dictators."
MY heartfelt sympathy goes out to
the downtrodden and oppressed in other
lands"
But I am not willing to pay the price
of the blood and tears of our people to
satisfy my hatred of Hitler"
"I do not want to see England go
down.
"I believe that England's survival will
be tremendously beneficial to America
and to liberty loving people everywhere" J"
God grant that she may win"
But am not going to vote for any
measure that will cause my country to
become a colony of the British Crown" +"
81 am for America first. last and all
the time" r. D. MILLER.
Baltimore, Md.
Evening star., 1941-03-07

progressive trends Of his time.
Because of his concern about aviation
during the period of the first World
War he was appointed by President
Wilson to investigate charges of in
efficiency in the manufacture of air
planes. At the close of the inquiry,
Mr.. Borglum brought in report to
the effect that a billion dollars had
been absorbed in Colossal profiteer-
ing" He warned the Nation against
being unprepared to meet the de-
mands of an age when the fate of
civilization might be decided in the
skies. The gift of prophecy which
he demonstrated then is worthy of
remembrance now.
Evening star., 1941-03-07
ARLINGTON, Va.

Dear Sir:
we were very glad to have your ac-
count of the mourning doves. We had
pair come 10 our feeding place for
| two summers, and one has lately been q
| winter visitor.
Perhaps our choicest collectors item
| is a red-bellied woodpecker. For long
time we were unable to identify him.
He wasn't in our little bird books. Then
we found his picture in the fine col
lection exhibited by the National Geo.
graphic Society.
Soon after that we got The Book of
Birds which they issue, which has been
most helpful.
81 agree with you in finding much of
interest in starlings. The enthusiasm
with which they bathe, even in cold
weather, is something to see.
Five of them will get into our shall
low 18-inch bath at once, and soon the
water is more than half gone.
Sometimes sparrows will sit around
the edge at the same time and get a
! shower.
y
I'VE were much amused last summer
! by chipmunk who had a hole in the
ground close behind the house.
"He would gather sunhower seeds on
| the ground with the birds and seemed
| not to disturb them in the least. The
Scottie loved to watch him from the
screened porch, following his movements
from one side to the other.
MANY of his seeds were buried in the
garden where they usually sprouted.
Sometimes we can leave these chance
planted seedlings on the outskirts of the
garden. When the heads begin to ripen
they attract the goldfnches that never
come to the feeding places.
"A box of earth left by chance on the
back porch has, We think, furnished
! dust bathing At least we find the earth
scattered about
Sincerely E. B."
The person who finds much of interest
| in starlings saves himself a great deal
of worry, because these birds will come
| nowadays.
The fortunate thing is that they sell
dom stay long in suburban yards.
We have had them all winter long,
but only half dozen at a time, and
then for only half an hour or an hour
We believe this is the general situation.
If these birds came in great f1ocks, and
settled down, as they do downtown, it
would be entirely a different matter
II they are taken as they come. and
they do not come in too great numbers,
and do not stay too long, they are just
about as interesting as any bird.
Most persons who feed the birds all
day long, not just a handful of seed
now and then, will build up a steady
clientele, and in this group will be some
English sparrows and some starlings
While both of these birds are painted
very black in most of the bird books,
actually in the average suburban gar
den they are no ways near as black as
painted. They have many interesting
traits, and looked at long enough, always
Evening star., 1941-03-07

brotherhoods and newly organized
unions directed by competing labor or
CARNATIONS.
The brotherhoods and railway officials
are disciplined by years of experience
and accustomed to follow the procedure
defined in their contracts. Besides. they
jointly perform the duties imposed by a
public service.
The membership of recently organized
unions get restive after negotiations
have dragged along for a month or two.
They frequently disregard the advice of
their leadership and flout the terms of
their contracts with employers by going
on strike or by slowing down the pro-
cesSes of production during working
hours
Just try to realize how much restraint
a "cooling-off" period would have on a
body of men or women who were told
they must wait 80 days longer after their
committee had exhausted weeks of ne
gotiations to get a wage increase! Nat
urally enough there would be those
among them who would shout: TO
blazes with this 30-day bunk Let's strike
and get the money!"
This form of radical conduct is, per-
hapS, unconsciously nurtured by a certain
type of employer who stalls along
prolonging negotiations. If 30-day law
existed, such employers would be among
the first to warn employees: You can t
strike now-it's against the law!" But
they (employes) could quote that nifty
little 23-word section Is in the Labor
Relations Act as follows: Nothing in
this act shall be construed so as to in
terfere with or impede or diminish in
any way the right to strike"
Probably Senator Wagner tucked his
tongue in his left cheek when he sane
toned this provision in a measure en-
titled IAN act to diminish strikes!"
ANY attempt to impose a cooling"
and such law would become as ridicu-
lous as the late Prohibition Act-simply
unenforceable.
The only sensible claw" to prohibit
strikes and lockouts can be enacted vol
unfairly by an employer and a union in
trade agreement which defines their
working relationship. Thousands of such
agreements endure year after year with
out violations by either side. It's their
law. They are competent to enact it.
No class legislation is required.
CHARLES G. WOOD.
Evening star., 1941-03-07
THIS AND THAT
BY Charles Z. TrGce1oeH.

succeed In winning the admiration Of
the observer
Those who do not feel that way about
these birds simply haven't looked long
enough.
1t is here as it was years ago with
Wagner's music in America. The con-
ductor who introduced him to the United
States-we think he was Theodore
Thomas-Said, when told that the people
did not understand Wagner:
We'll, let them listen TO him until
they do understand him"
The homeowner who feeds the birds
in his yard will discover, in time, that
he gets quite as much sheer pleasure
out of watching his sparrows and star
lings as he does in admiring chickadees
and cardinals. For one thing, in watch
ing sparrows, he is always on the lookout
to find mixed among them a few higher
class sparrows, such as the white
throats and the song Sparrows. Then,
too, he will find that the English SPAR
rows really are pretty birds. He will
come in time to feel that if he had not
listened to so many laments about them,
and in fact, had never seen one, he
would be impressed with their beauty,
anyway. Surely female English SPAR
row is good looking, as birds go.
The same may be said of the starting
In the sunlight, and especially at this
time of the year, the old startling at the
feeding station positively takes on elec-
trio tints The head is much rounder
and fluffler than one might think, just
| looking at the bird casually. The vary
| ing colors change with the movements
of the bird There is a warmth to the
colors which one might not think possi-
BILE, II one held to the negative state
of mind. It is easy to realize, here as
elsewhere. that dislike is truly negative
If We dislike something, we do not even
see the plain points in its favor, where
| as if we try to be honest, especially
without oursef, and give the thing a
chance, We discover in no time at all
that We had been overlooking beauties
which are as evident as sunshine.
Another good point in the startling S
favor is that it is not mean with other
birds.
If it is in the trough of a feeder. it
will sometimes peck at an intruder, but
only as a gesture: if the other bird
stands its ground, the starting will fall
to eating amicably enough.
One of the most amusing sights at
our window feeder is that of an old
starling-Somehow we always think Of
starlings as old-holding down the fort
in the middle, surrounded on three sides
by English Sparrows.
Now and then he takes time out from
eating to poke his bill at some oficious
sparrow which comes too close to him.
The sparrow hops to the ground, but
| Immediately back again. This is all
just good clean fun among the boys,
and in no way breaks up the harmony
among the feeders.
The advent of a new starting on the
rim, of course, will cause the Sparrows to
fly away, but all of them will be back in
! a few seconds.
Evening star., 1941-03-07
Standing Their Ground

While Bulgaria surrenders, Yugo-
Slavia falterS and Turkey hesitates,
Greece hews sturdily to the line laid
down when she defled the Italian
ultimatum last autumn, The visit
of Anthony Eden and Sir John Dill
to Athens seems to have resulted in
firm cementing of the Anglo Greek
alliance. A joint official communique
states that the two governments find
themselves 'in complete agreement
on all points of the situation"
This is borne out by further state
mentS of both sides. The Greek
government, through its high COM
mand, rejects German pressure for
a separate Greco-Italian peace, de-
claring that 'the army and people
have decided to face events, no
matter from what direction, and to
fight on with the same undying will
for their liberty and fatherland."
Mr.. Eden, in a farewell message to
the Greek people, stated: Like all
EngliShmen, we have for many
months watched with admiration
the heroic resistance of the Greeks
to brutal attack. It was said
in Athens 1900 years ago that the
secret Of happiness is freedom and
the secret of freedom is courage.
You are giving new life to this great
tradition"
Whatever the eventual outcome, 1t
appears certain that Greece will
stand to its guns even against the
onruSh of the ponderous German war
machine now being installed on the
Bulgarian side of the mountain
chain which bars it from Salonika
and the Aegean Seaboard. Viewed on
largescale map, the Germans look
dangerously close to their goal. Yet
those mountains are forbidding, with
only one narrow and tortuouS pass,
that Of the Struma River, which can
be followed by the Germans unless
they violate either YugoSlav or
Turkish territory. Years ago, Greece
strongly fortified it's frontier with
Bulgaria, and those Notifications,
known as the Metaxas Line, are
today garrisoned by some 10000 SOL
dierS, many of them veterans of the
war against the Italians in Albania.
In addition, winter still holds the
Balkan highlands in its icy grip.
Whether Germany'S mechanical
might could be used effectively in
this sector remains an open ques-
ton. At any rate, the road into
Greek Thrace will be hard one.
Yet, if Germany really puts forth
its strength, the long-term prospects
for Greece are dubious unless large
scale aid from Britain is forthcom-
ing. Greece is a small, poor country,
with limited resources and man
power. Already it must have ex-
pended much of its strength and
most of its war materiel in the strug-
gle against Italy.
The ultimate outcome OF struggle
such as now seems to impend is thus
dependent mainly on the degree of
aid which Britain can supply. Mr.
Eden must have given some aSSur-
ances, unless the Greek government
is merely sparring for time. On the
other hand, it is possible that Ger
many is loath to launch an attack,
still hoping for some settlement of
the Balkan situation which will.
obviate the necessity of fighting on
two fronts. Those are possibilities
which must be considered until
actual fighting begins But Greece
appears resolved not to bow tamely
to the German threat. That much
seems certain.
Evening star., 1941-03-07

@. What is the average speed of a war
plane?-E. G.
A. The average speed of an airplane
associated with the military service is
400 miles per hour.
@. Who wrote of Agin. On Agin,
Gone Agin, Finnigin"?-F. J. F.
A 1t is by Strickland Gillian.
@. Are twin beds less in demand now
than in former years?-J. T. c.
A. On the contrary, their popularity Is
increasing Whereas in 1880 10 double
beds were sold for every one twin size,
the proportion last year was one twin
bed to every four double beds.
@. Please give the name and birthdats
of Dorothy Thompsons son.-W. NJ. S.
A. Michael Lewis was born on June
30 1890.
@. Is it correct to fly the American
flag when it is raining?-C. c.
A. Unless there is some specific reason
for doing so, the flag should not bs
flown in rainy or stormy weather.
@. What is meant by the steel term
skin paSs"?-T. D.
A The final cold rolling operation
which brightens and tempers sheets Of
steel is known as skin pass.
Q. Has the statue of Huey Long in
the Capitol at Washington, D. c., ever
been unveiled?-K F. H.
A The statue will be unveiled early IN
April.
@. When did Columbus reach the Ba-
hamas?-G. E. G.
A Columbus reached the Bahama
Islands on october II, 1892.
@. What is the inscription over the
entrance to the Supreme Court Building
in Washington, D. C.?-H. OBJ.
A. Equal Justice Under Law"
O. How many catalogues are sent out
by Sears, Roebuck & com. K. B.
A. The firm mails 100000 catalogues
semi-annually.
@. What is meant by the Montoirs
policy?-C. K. c.
A. 1t is the principle of collaboration
between France and Germany which was
announced after the meeting at Nom
tore last October between Marshal Pc
tain and Hitler.
Evening star., 1941-03-07
Measuring On Obligation

A point correctly emphasized in
the excellent statements by Senator
Overton and Commissioner McCoach
in behalf of the OvertonHunter
plan, delivered as testimony at yes
terday's joint meeting of House and
Senate subcommittee considering
the proposal, is the existence and
the recognition by Congress of the
real national obligation to contribute
to the maintenance and development
of the American Capital.
AS pointed out by Senator Overton
in his brief resume of fiscal relations
history, the Nation recognized this
obligation, though meeting it irregu-
larly and inadequately, from the
time of the Capitals establishment.
In 1878 the obligation was written
into organic law and followed for
almost half a century. 1t was recog-
nized after the terms of the law
were evaded and after its formal
repeal and it is recognized today in
the payment of lump sum in the
annual appropriation bill-though
the recognition again has become in
adequate.
The problem, therefore, Is not to
convince Congress of the existence
of this real and continuing obliga-
ton in support of the Capital. The
obligation is recognized. The prob
lem is to devise an equitable and
reasonable method of measuring it.
The effect of abandoning a fixed
method of measuring the national
obligation is illustrated in the data
presented by Colonel McCoach: An
increase of general fund appropria-
tions derived from local taxation)
of "A per cent in the past twenty
years; a decrease of 33 per cent
in the size of the Federal pay
ment during the same PERIOD de-
crease from "a to IS per cent in the
same period in the ratio of the
Federal payment to the general
fund; an increase from 10,978 to
1881 acres, about 20 per cent, in
Federal-owned tax-exempt property
in the District in the past six years
alone.
Failure to determine a fair and
reasonable method of measuring the
national obligation is synonymous
with failure to increase the Federal
payment. For to measure it equit-
ably, by any method, is to increase it.
And as Colonel McCoach pointed out
in his testimony yesterday, there is
added now, to the equitable consid-
erations involved, the immediate
consideration that an increase has
become imperative.
Colonel McCoach's testimony in
behalf of the Overton-Hunter plan,
as a fair method of measuring the
Federal obligation, is a convincing
and compelling argument. 1t is con-
vincing because of his lucid array
of facts, not theories, which support
VIC pIOpOOIUIOIl ClIoG ClIS elllliNnA DlDS
of the Federal payment should be
based on some rational equitable
system of measurement to Supplant
the purely arbitrary process of the
past fifteen years. 1t is compelling
because of his candid description of
conditions, resulting from the de-
fenSe emergency, which face the
community and with which it is
financially unable to deal, despite
the heavy local tax increases of the
past few years.
The Hunter and Overton subcom-
mitteeS, as we'll as the local commu-
nifty which he serves so well, are
indebted to Colonel McCoach for his
frank and we'll expressed statement
of the facts.
Evening star., 1941-03-07

ain. 1t Is essential that production,
in the next few months, be increased
greatly. without an adequate sup
ply of skilled craftsmen, however, the
Nation can hardly hope for success
in its efforts to achieve a maximum
industrial output.
Evening star., 1941-03-07
Praises Senator Walsh's Speech
On Lease -Eend Proposal.

To the Editor Of The Star:
have been listening to the debate in
the Senate the past week or so and can
truthfully say that Senator Walsh's
speech was one of the most reasonable
have heard on H. r. 1776. He de-
nounced it as war measure, rather than
an act for peace.
If the public really knew the nature Of
the bill and the consequences involved
in its passage, there would be general
protest against it.
GEORGE p. RATE.
Evening star., 1941-03-07
Letters to the Editor

Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address OF
the 1Uriter, although the use OF
a pSeudonynl for publication is
permissible. The Star reserves
the right to edit all letters lUlth
q UielU to condensation.
Evening star., 1941-03-07
Huskin's Answers
To Readers Questions
By Frederic J. Hdsktn

A reader can get the anStDer to dnT
question of fact BY tDriting The EUe-
ming Star Information Bureau, Fred
eric J. Haskin, director, Washington.
D. C. Please incloSe stamp for reply.
@. Who was the last statesman TO wear
knee breeches?-E. c. H.
A. 1t Is said of President Monroe that
he was the last man in public life in thAs
country to wear knee trousers.
@. How large is the Canadian Nsvyf
II. C. P.
A. Canada's Navy now consists OF l7S
ships and 1919 personnel. 1t will bs
expanded by March 81. 1s42, to Alb ships
with 26,92O officers and men.
@. Please name the sweetest, the light
est and the heaviest subStanceS.-C. II.
A. The sweetest substance Is saccharin,
which is 300 to 500 times sweeter than
sugar. The lightest substance is hydro
gen gas, and the heaviest substance In
osmium.
@. Of what religious faith was Jeffer-
son Davis?-R. B. w.
A. Jefferson Davis was confirmed IN
st. Paul's Episcopal Church in Rich
mond, with his wife and Gen. Gorgas.
@. Please give the list of the cities for
which the new Navy cruisers are named.
r. A.
A. The cities for which the cruisers
are named are: Atlanta Juneau, San
Diego, San Juan, Cleveland, Columbia,
Montpelier, Denver, Amsterdam, Santa
Fe. Tallahassee, Birmingham, Mobile,
Flint, Pasadena, Springfield, Topeka,
Baltimore, Boston, Pittsburgh and st.
Paul.
G. What is the origin Of four-in-hand
as applied to a mans necktie?-M D. H.
A Word Histories" by Herbruck says
that this word is probably taken from
the type of neckwear worn by those who
rode to sporting events in vehicles drawn
by four horses-the driver having -four
in-hand."
@. How did this country acquire the
Canal Zone?-H. D.
A. The Canal Zone was granted TO the
United States by Panama by treaty OF
February 26, 1904, the compensation be-
ing $4,000, 900 with annual payments Of
S2500 900 in addition.
Evening star., 1941-03-07
Believes Cooling Off" Proposals
Are Impractical and Unenforceable

are ImpTdcticAi anu ChchAViooaoio'
To the Editor Of The Star:
With over 20 years experience as q
State and Federal commissioner of con-
ciliation settling labor disputes, permit
me to point out good reason why the
"3O-day, cooling-off" clauses in the sew
eral labor bills before the Congress would
prove to be unavoidable. The phrase
cooling off" has an appealing sound
but it takes more than sound to restore
and maintain industrial peace.
The advocates of such bills declare
that the cooling period is copied
from the Railway Mediation Act which.
they announce, has worked successfully.
But they appear to be unmindful Of the
manifest difference between the veteran
Evening star., 1941-03-07
Successful Public Speaking-A

Successful Public Speaking-A
32-page booklet prepared for those
who lack self confidence in the art
of public speaking. How to plan
and deliver all kinds of speeches,
how to improve your voice. how
to overcome stage fright and hold
an audience. To secure your copy
inclose 10 cents in coin. wrapped
in this clipping, and mail TO The
Star Information Bureau.
Name
Address