davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Smyrna times., 1941-11-13
Identification of Entry

A removable tag sould be at
tached to poster, giving the Con-
testant's name, age, address, school
and grade. No identifying name or
other identification such as mono
gram or symbol should be shown on
any part of poster.
Evening star., 1941-05-31
Is Britons Killed
During Sinking
|Of Bismarck
By the Associated Press,


LONDON, May 31-British naval
losses in the engagement which re-
suited in the sinking of the German
battleship Bismack total. Is killed
and 13 wounded in addition to the
1900 or more who went down with
the battle cruiser Hood, the Admi-
rally said today.
Only three of those aboard the
Hood are known to have been saved
Dispatches from Reykjavik, Ice
land, where they were landed. iden-
titled the survivors as Midshipman
Dundas, Signalman Briggs and Sea-
man Tilburn.
Among the officers lost with the
Hood, it was disclosed, was Acting
Comdr. Edward H. G. Gregson, who
enjoyed a reputation as the best
heavyweight boxer in the Royal
Navy and who once fought an eXhi-
bition bout with Primo Carnera
when he was world champion.
Other well known officers listed as
killed included Vice Admiral Lance
lot E. Holland, gunnery specialist
whose flag was flying on the Hood
when she went down; Comdr. r. T.
Grosan and 1t. Comdr. Hugh Wyld-
bore Smith, signal and radio ex-
pert.
Evening star., 1941-05-31
Funeral Held for Man
Stricken at Louis Bout

James V. Hackney. So, of 1l30
Seventh street NE, who was stricken
with cerebral hemorrhage at the
Louis-Baer fight Friday. May %
died Wednesday at Freedmens Hos
pital. Funeral services were held for
him this afternoon at the Frazier
funeral home, 389 Rhode Island
avenue NV.
A native of North Carolina. Mr..
Hackney was an employe of the
United States Public Health Service
for the last "a years. He is survived
by his widow, Mrs. NJ. P. Hackney,
and a son, James V. Hackney. jr.
He was to be buried in Lincoln
Memorial Cemetery,
Evening star., 1941-05-31
US. Experts Think Bismarck
Bigger Than $4,000 Tons
BY the Associated Press.


British suspicious that the Ger
man battleship Bismarck was sub
stantially larger than $4,000 tons are
shared by American naval men.
They are inclined to doubt, how
ever, that the ship displaced as
much as $4,000 tons.
Laid down in 1886, the Bismarck
was completed long after the war
suspended treaties which might have
limited her size. Side armor was re-
ported TO have been put in place
only last year, and it was considered
possible that the thickness of this
protection against shells and tor
pedoes might. have been increased
beyond original plans.
Fully loaded with fuel and all sup
plies, warships generally exceed the
standard displacement tonnage as
defined in international treaties.
The weight of the water displaced
by the new United States battleships
North Carolina and Washington.
when fully loaded, is estimated at
about 4l,000 tons, whereas their
standard displacement tonnage is
$4,000.
The Hood, British battle cruiser
which fell victim to the Bismarck,
had a rated standard displacement
tonnage of 42.100, but her weight
when fully loaded was put at 46300.
The Bismarck. 113 feet wide, pos
sessed the widest beam of any war
ship yet completed and her design
thus lent itself to additions of armor
and other weight not figuring in
original calculations.
Evening star., 1941-05-31
Survivors, Grim Faces
Display Bitterness
In Bismarck Loss
Speeches., Crew Walks
Onto British Soil
Like Men in q Duze
BY EDDY GILMORE.

ASSOCldIeQ f1eSS WAT correspondent.
AN ENGLISH PORT, May 81
This is the story of men torn from
the ecstasy of victory to the bitter
ness of defeat-82 haggard survivors
of the sunken German battleship
Bismarck.
Their grim faces Illuminated by
Pickering lights at the waters edge,
they shuff1ed slowly down a gang
plank onto British soil early today,
speechless, walking like men dazed
That's just it." commented a
British officer. That's the way most
of them have acted ever since we
dragged them from the water"
Not Even Muttering.
They were not talking, not even
muttering to one another. With the
shock of their experiences in their
hollow eyes, they stared ahead or at
their own stumbling feet as they
stepped onto British soil.
They reminded me of an over
melodramatic movie I once saw
about Zombies-the living-dead of
West Indies legends who walk with
out souls.
IT'S easy to realize their feelings"
a British officer said. They sank
the Hood, one of the wars greatest
prizes, and then lived to be sunk
in turn. You know, they went al
most all the way toward whole hero,
only to have every hope dissipated."
No Ordinary Group.
That's no ordinary group of sea-
men, either" another British Off
Ger remarked. They never once
struck their ensign. Kept it flying
until the Bismarck went right over
on her belly"
The Germans were clad as if
headed for a masque ball to vie for
prizes for the most oddly assorted
costume.
Its the strangest thing about
their clothes" an officer said.
when we took them out of that
icy sea many of them had on moth
ing and some just burned rags.
They told us-the ones that could
speak English-that In the blasts
that shook the Bismarck their
clothes seemed to be just ripped
off of them"
Fitted Out by Captors.
The prisoners had been fitted out
in spare and cast-of clothes of
their captors.
Sometimes when German pris-
oners are marched off to prison
camps they raise their arms in the
Nazi salute. These men didn't.
Their shuffling gait unquickened,
they filed past line of British
seamen on into the darkness.
Evening star., 1941-05-31
Bismarck
Continued From First Page)

British battleship would carry for
normal operations, and speculation
was stirred that extra forces might
have been aboard for one of the
following reasons:
l. To man the prize ships the
Bismarck and her accompanying
cruiser Prinz Eugen were expected
to capture and send back to Ger
man ports:
2. To provide garrisons at Dakar
or other French West African ports
and perhaps lead Frenchmen there
against Gen. Charles De Gaulle's
Stree French" strongholds;
8. To furnish the personnel for a
secret submarine base somewhere in
the Atlantic.
Declare Plan Smashed.
II there were such a plan, British
sources declared, the sinking of the
Bismarck smashed it. They said
the 10,000-ton Prinz Eugen prob
ably would be unable to carry it out
alone, even if she continued to elude
the British.
The German survivors, seeming
still dazed from the havoc wrought
on their ship last Tuesday by the
powerful concentration of British
warships which avenged the 10000
ton Hood, said the Bismarck was
smashed to pieces under their feet.
British seamen paid them this
tribute: They went down fighting.
"She never struck her ensign" a
British officer declared. She kept
1t up the whole time and stuck to
her guns the best she was able"
"'It was hell" the British quoted
!. one German as saying after he was
dragged from the debris Uttered
sea. Great holes burst out in us,
and flames spread around every di-
rection. Wed run this way and
then something else would hit"
British officers declared huge
shells from two British battleships
Evening star., 1941-05-31
Of Bismarck
Magnificent Sight,
Torpedo Man Asserts
Kept Thinking What Pols
Back in School Would
Soy if He Missed

The British officer Dho fired
the three torpedoes Uhich finally
sank the German battleship
Bismarck last Tuesday told last
night ho1D it felt to administer
the coup de grace to the proud
German 1UdrShip Here Is his 1c-
count gtUen to Eddy Gilmore, As
sociated Press 1GGr correspondent.
For military reasons, he is, OF
course, anonymous.
A BRITISH PORT, May al
You can imagine how I feel.
This thing doesn't happen often
to a man. The Bismarck had sunk
the H. M. S. Hood and nothing
pleased me more than to be able
to let her have our torpedoes.
Here's the way it happened.
When I pressed my finger twice,
that sent two torpedoes into her.
When I pressed my finger third
time, she went down.
1 couldn't see much of what was
going on.
/ kept thinking what the fellows
back at the torpedo school would
say if I missed, so you know how
I felt when I really saw her begin
to move.
Other Ships Walloping Away.
Mind you, all this time our other
ships were walloping away at her
with guns ard I could see great
flashes over her way although I
couldn't see whether I was hitting
her.
1t was really rough sea. Great
waves were banking about and We
were tossing but the sight that was
really magnificent was when this
great beauty of ship began turn
ing over.
Looking right at her then, saw
her turn over slowly toward us.
No, I couldn't see any men jump
ing into the water. However, I
learned about that later.
When she went under and we
started pulling in men the crew
threw themselves into this with
heartiness, too. I believe virtually
every man and officer was working.
Was He'll, German Said.
I talked to one of these Germans
as We got him over, asking him
what it was like on the Bismarck
He told me it was absolute hell.
He said he didn't know how he
got into the water and that the
air just seemed to rush around him
and fling him
The next thing he knew he was
in the icy sea.
They didn't have strength enough
to pull themselves up. We had to
do this although lots of them hero
ically put ropes around one another
IN the water. saw one fellow
drown doing this. In all, we res
cued four officers.
Most of them seemed dazed by
the ferocity of our combined at
tack.
Don't forget the attack from
planes from our ships. They
swarmed about like bees.
Evening star., 1941-05-31

cue work to be stopped. We beat it.
The survivors were given restora-
tives before going up to bed. Most
of them were fairly young.
One of Survivors Died.
"On the runback to this. country
one of the survivors died and was
buried at sea.
1--WE didn't have the Nazi ensign
to use at the burial so an old Ger
man imperial ensign was used.
"All Nazi officers and men on
deck gave the Nazi salute as the
remains went over the side. Full
naval honors were carried out by
the British officers and men.
Actually, the Nazis were glad to
be aboard our ship after the terrific
hammering they received. Their at
titude was pretty good and they
showed no signs of turbulence.
"One Of the officers told me he
and the crew were convinced that
Evening star., 1941-05-31
u. 5. Due 10 Tell Vichy
II Will Be Judged on
Deeds, Not WORDS
Hull Note to Recommend
Future Policy to Better
Diplomatic Relations
By LLOYD LEHRBAS.

Associated Press ctdu WElbcls
The United States. it was reported
in authoritative quarters today, WIZ
notify the Petain government within
a few days that Vichy's future acts.
rather than it's words. will be basis
for American Judgment on Franco
German collaboration"
The note, to be handed to Castor
Henry-Haye, the French Ambassa-
dor, will be in the nature of reply
to a formal communication recently
received from Vichy. This COM
munication promised that the French
fleet and colonies would not be
turned over to the Nazis. 1t also be-
sought sympathetic American un-
derstanding of Frances position as
conquered, divided and hungry
nation.
Secretary Hull is preparing the
note 1t was learned. on the basis OF
facts assembled by State Department
experts on the known extent OF
Vichy's collaboration" with the Axis
powers in contrast to Frances spe-
cifiC commitments in the armlstice
pacts.
To Recommend Policy.
The American government. 1t was
said. will set forth its views on
Frances acquiescence to Nazi de-
mands-particularl in Syria, and
recommend a future policy which
would greatly improve Franco
American relations, now severely
strained.
Frances action in permitting Ger
man warplanes to use Syrian air
fields in an aerial offensive against
the British in Iraq provides a specl-
fiC instance, it was said, for fear
that the Vichy government will also
go beyond its armistice obligations
and allow the Germans to make use
of the French feet or French terri
tory in North and West Africa.
President Roosevelt emphasized
that viewpoint in his talk to the
Nation Tuesday when he specifically
mentioned French African colonies
and the Atlantic fortress of Dakar"
as possible springboards for German
attacks on the Western Hemisphere.
Airfield Argument.
The Vichy government allega-
ton that the armistice gave Ger
many control of all airfelds and
installations on French territory, it
was pointed out in informed circles.
was not accepted by the United
States as a proper Interpretation
of the armistice provisions.
In informed quarters it was stated
that the American note would point
out that control" during an armis-
tice means that the airfelds may
not be used by the vanquished ma.
ton, but does not mean that the
victorious nation may use the air
fields for belligerent purposes.
If the French Interpretation of
control were correct, it was point
ed out, Germany might demand
permission to use bases not only in
unoccupied France and French Al
rican possessions, but also in Mar
Unique, French Guiana and other
New World colonies.
Evening star., 1941-05-31

the Bismarck was unsuitable. Well,
they learned differently.
"A British officer told me some
of the survivors gave the Hitler
salute to the British ensign on being
pulled aboard.
after recovering, some of the
prisoners played the piano in our
recreation room and sang the Blue
Danube Then they received a
plate of soup with bread. They were
under the impression it was the
whole meal. Roast beef and vege-
tables followed. That gave them
shock. When pudding was served
they seemed flabbergasted."
Evening star., 1941-05-31
German WorpIones Fly
Over Northern Ireland

BELFAST, Northern Ireland, May
81 (R.-German warplanes flew over
Northern Ireland during the night
but failed to drop any bombs, a
joint announcement by the Min
istry of Security and R. A. F. head
quarters said today.
During the hours of darkness
some enemy aircraft crossed over
into Northern Ireland" a commu-
nique said. mo incidents were re-
ported"
Evening star., 1941-05-31
u. S. Aid Speculation
Arises After Bombino

LONDON, May 81 (P).-The bomb
ing of Dublin raised speculation in
American circles TO-DAY as to whether
1t was German warning against
Irish collaboration with the United
States in aid to Britain-understood
reliably to be under informal dis
cussion once again.
The biggest worry of Premier
Eamon De Valera is lack of pro-
lection against bombers If Fire
should in some way be drawn into
the war. Many believe he would
refuse to enter any aid deal, even
with the United States.
Evening star., 1941-05-31
Dublin
Continued From First Page.)

until about 2 m. Since only three
fell then, police surmised that an
anti-aircraft shell might have struck
plane, causing it to lose its bombs.
They expressed doubt the bombing
was intentional.
Two of the bombs fell on north
side residential areas, demolishing
homes for distance of about 200
feet and burying their occupants.
The third destroyed a number of
shops about a half mile from the
center of the city.
A fire which started in the resi-
dental area was brought under con-
troll shortly before am.
Discussing the bombing. Mr.. Grav
said he had a good view from his
bedroom window after being awak-
ened by the sound of planes and
gunfire.
Then. he said, "a bomb hit
fairly close. I couldn't say how
far because haven't looked yet, but
I would CESS it was not a matter of
yards. Might have been a quarter of
a mile"
He said he heard the noise of fall.
ing glass downstairs and went down
to investigate.
Skylight Smashed Out.
II discovered skylight near the
front door smashed out, but YOU
don't want to get too excited about
this thing" he said. I'VE really
didn't have bad time, you know,
but it was close enough"
He said neither he nor Mrs. Gray
went to shelter which they had
built last year in the side yard.
Police said at least 10 homes were
wiped out and IA business establish
ments damaged in one district. All
but one of the occupants in two
Summerhill district residences were
injured seriously.
Evening star., 1941-05-31
Bliss School PROGRAM

DR.. Peter Marshall of the New
York Avenue Presbyterian Church
will deliver the address to the grad~
yates of Bliss Electrical School at
8 pm. Wednesday. at Roosevelt
High School.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-12-09

For the "Inside News" Of
Washington, follow Paul NAL
Ions column I'm the Times.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-12-09
Rep. Johnson Asks
Active Duty in Fleet

WASHINGTON. Dec. 9. 1NS)
Rep. Lyndon Il. Johnson Cd of
Texas today said that as mem
Der Of the naval reserve he had
requested President Roosevelt to
assign him TO active duty with the
United States fleet Representa-
tive Johnson made his request in a
letter 10 the President, and in an
other letter to Secretary of the
Navy Knox requested prompt ac-
ton.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-12-09
GUARDS POSTED

Guards have been placed at the
high pressure pumping station
around which a high fence was
recently erected.
Pipes have been installed under
the tracks in all railroad yards
so that fire hoses can be stretched
out without interrupting traffic.
Inspection Of vita defense
plants is made every day. And
members of the departments
safety commission hold regular
meetings with representatives of
local manufacturing plants TO in
Istruct them in combating fires.
The LOO firemen have volun-
ltarily offered TO sacrifice their
leave days and furloughs in case
an emergency is declared in the
CITY
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-12-09
AWAIT WORD ON GRANT

Meanwhile the fire commission
1 is awaiting word from Washington
on its request for a S720,000 PWA
grant to be used for the purchase
OF new equipment which would
be used in the event of bombing
raid.
Included in this request are
funds for the purchase of 20 air
raid alarm sirens.
+ This preparation is the result
of the far-sightedneSs of the fire
commission beaded by Arthur O..
Winter.
( As far back as last April. the
commission began laying plans for
such an emergency
/ a special committee was APP
pointed TO study air raid defense
and measures against sabotage.
ACTION By COMMITTEE
The request for the federal APP
preparation and the measures al
ready put in effect are directly
attributable 10 the committee.
which made an intensive study Of
fire fighting in bombed London.
II was. upon the recommends
tons of this committee that the
department six months ago put
into effect these several precau-
itionary measures.
The committee is composed of
Richard +. Reaume. secretary of
the commissions Alex Thompson.
chief of the department; Otto G..
Lindemeyer fire marshal; Chief
Harry G. Callahan. chief of the
training school; Chief Edward c.
Rumsey chief of apparatus; Ed
ward G.. Goellmer. Chief Joseph
NJ. O'Brien, chief of water supply.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-12-09
Fire Depdrtment
Guards Against
Sabotage Here

Detroit's fire department was
not caught mapping when this
country overnight found itself at
war with Japan.
Despite the lack of vitality
needed equipment, the department
is - and was - prepared 10 cope
with almost any emergency which
might arise.
For weeks now, sandbags. one
of the most effective weapons for
combating incendiary b om BIS +.
have been standard equipment in
every department car Even the
chiefs carry them.
Locks have been put on man.
hole covers and a special pass is
needed TO enter the fire depart
ment Geographic bureau. which is
locked at night and Illuminated
by huge spotlights.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1941-12-09

Corduroy sur coats. Suede jack
cts with capeskin leather and
knit collars. Knit cuffs, sleeves
and waistband. Sizes So to IS
in the group.
CrOwley's-Bas ement
Evening star., 1941-03-05
UNCLE RAYS CORNER

Among the pyramids Of Mexico
are some which were built by Maya
Indians. One of these was dis
covered in Guatemala in 1928. 1t
is small but we'll formed, and Is
believed to date back at least 1900
years.
Another Maya pyramid is in Yucca
tan and has a height of close to
so feet. 1t is oblong, not square
in shape. The base has a width OF
100 feet and length of 240 feet.
The Mayas used their pyramids
to honor their gods. That fact is
known, but we cannot say where
they obtained the idea, We have
no proof that they knew anything
about the pyramids of Egypt;
probably they did not have even
a bit of knowledge that there was
such country as Egypt.
Perhaps most important Of all
deeds of the Mayas was the max
ing of a calendar. At far-distant
time, they began to keep record
Of the passing months and years.
In early times it appears that
the Mayas had 13-month year,
with IL months of 80 days each
and one extra period of only five
days. That makes a total of 365
days. 1t is not quite one-fourth of
q day short of q full year.
Later the Mayas made a change
TO o year with 10 parts. Eighteen
Evening star., 1941-03-05

West opened the ten Of hearts,
and dummy won with the king to
return the seven of spades for a
trump fnesse. West won with the
king Of spades and returned the
nine of hearts, South winning with
the queen. Declarer drew trumps
and led the ten of diamonds. West
covered with the king Of diamonds,
and dummy won with the ace.
South then ran the rest Of his
trumps and the remaining top
heart, discarding a club from dunn
my. But East held on doggedly to
all his diamonds, and South had to
give up q club at the end to Vests
queen.
A brutal crime has taken place,
fellow members of the homicide
squad. See if you can spot it be-
fore you read on.
South was the criminal, and his
crime consisted in leading the ten
of diamondsl Granted that he had
to win the diamond fineSse to
make the slam, but that was still
no reason to lead the ten. Correct
play is to lead low diamond, and
f1nesse dummy'S jack. When that
holds, South returns to his hand
via the heart ace to lead the other
low diamond. As 1t happens, West
Evening star., 1941-03-05

would have to play his king, where
upon dummy takes the ace and re-
turns the low diamond to South's
ten. Then dummy is put in with
trump to cash the diamond queen,
allowing South to discard the los
ing club.
Yesterday you were Oswald
Jacoby's partner and, with neither
side vulnerable, you held:
A K 10 76
y Q54
o
a Je83
The bidding:
Jacoby Schenken You Maier
IL Pass CD
Answer: Bid two clubs. Your
hand is too strong for raise to
two spades and not strong enough
Evening star., 1941-03-05
-Muyus Learned 'Leop Year Need

One of the days in the Maya 90
day period had the special name
of Pop. The other days had such
names as TX, Kan, Cini, Oc, Eb, TX,
Glib and Caban.
The name of each day was written
down with sign, or picture-word.
Some of these were odd-looking
faces of human beings.
BY keeping records during hun
.dreds of years of time, the Mayas
learned that a 365-day year is not
a true year. The true year is al
most a quarter of a day longer than
365 days.
The calendar records of the
Mayas help us to know great
deal about their history. We have
found dates telling when some Of
their statues and temples were set
up. Some of these dates 60 back
to the time the Roman empire
existed.
For History Section Of Your scrapbook3
II you want a free copy of the
illustrated Ieaf1et on the "Seven
Wonders of the World" send me
&c stamped, self addressed enve-
lope in care of The Evening Star.
I~eAs RaCd
Tomorrow: Worlds Highest
Geyser.
Evening star., 1941-03-05

for a raise to three spades. You
should therefore temporize by bid
ding your clubs.
Score 100 per cent for two clubs,
so per cent for three spades, 80
per cent for two spades.
Question No. 699.
Today you hold the same hand,
and the bidding continues:
Jacoby Schenken You Maier
IA Pass "a Pass
"a Pass CD
What do you bid? (Answer to-
morrow
CReleased by the Bell Syndicate, 1rc)
Evening star., 1941-03-05

of the parts had 20 days apiece,
and the other one had only five days.
A 20-day period could not make
q month in the true sense of the
word; our word month" came from
an old Anglo-Saxon word for
moon" A month in that sense is
the time it takes the moon to circle
the earth, which is about four weeks.
Evening star., 1941-03-05
Winning Contract
UNBALANCED

David Bruce Burnstone, Merwin z.
Maier. Oswald Jacoby. Howard
Schenken, worlds leading team. of
four, inventors Of the system that
has beaten every other system in
existence)