davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1940-07-04
Better Houses Needed,
ChiIdren's Survey Finds

Better houses and lower rents are
needed in Southwest Washington,
according to a study recently made
of their own homes by children of
the Jefferson Junior High School
and Randall Junior High School.
Overcrowding and sanitation were
found to be the problems, accord
ing to Helen Duey Hoffman, editor
of the June Housing Letter of the
Washington Housing Association.
The two schools, which cover both
the white and colored population,
actually are not confined entirely to
the Southwest area, however, some
of the children at Jefferson being
drawn from points north of Penn
sylvania avenue and some Of the
Randall population being from
Southeast. Randall is the only COL
ored junior high school in either
Southwest or Southeast Washington.
Evening star., 1940-07-04
U.S.. Seeks TO Keep ENJOYS
In Occupied Countries

The State Department Is search
ing its records of the past to de-
termine whether there is diplomatic
precedent to support Germany's de-
mand for the withdrawal of Amer
ican official representation in Nor
way, the Netherlands, Belgium and
Luxembourg.
Secretary of State Hull made this
known at his press conference yester-
day. The four countries in question
are all occupied now by the Ger
man military forces. The Secretary
said that the State Department
wanted Ambassador Bullitt to re-
main with the French government
and Ambassador Biddle. assigned
to the refugee Polish government,
to remain where he is in Spain.
Evening star., 1940-07-04
Roosevelt Vetoes
Boys $500 Claim

Suggesting that payment should
be made on District funds rather
than Federal, President Roosevelt
yesterday vetoed legislation which
would have authorized payment of
$500 to Anthony Borsellino of this
city.
The Borsellino claim was pre-
sented as a result of the death of a
minor son, Joseph Borsellino, after
being struck by District National
Guard truck on June %, 1888. The
accident happened at Third street
and Maine avenue S.W.
Evening star., 1940-07-04

greater Importance than cecut military defeat The
Of making deal
France 1t the spiritual of
the lust for and the spirit of class
bottom the social
greater impo ance than the possession of warsp and
the
Hitler raised
Evening star., 1940-07-04
Divorce Is Granted
To Mrs. Dawson

Mrs. Suzette Telenga Dawson was
granted an uncontested divorce from
Allan Dawson, Second Secretary and
Consul of the United States Lega-
ton at La Paz, Bolivia, on grounds
Of cruelty yesterday in Reno, New,
the Associated Press reported.
Mr.. and Mrs. Dawson, both we'll
known in local society circles, were
married June II, 1887, in Rio de
Janeiro, Brazil.
Mr.. Dawson maintains a residence
here at 1916 Nineteenth street NV
Evening star., 1940-07-04
Queer Circumstances at the Front

Although that
the French
mechanical had captured the efforts
made develop antank of
ships which csed through the Magnot Line and the brave French
bloody
Der of German divisions which the northern
the north there instances of defensive positions being
the social front The Na divisions
through villages machine
civilians
spared reported
continue the astdich
20 that the remainder the would
politicians, of Laval
power as
much the thing had happened Norway
Norway tradition hostility
peaceful Norway racia akin
Reich Norway Qusngs
Norwegian
Evening star., 1940-07-04
The Capital Parade
Prompt Action Necessary to Provide Haven
In United States for English Children

The Fourth parades
orator dedicated the celebration independence
States terrible times rather concentrating
national better
attention the people problems like the children
pitt
fully little aid this outcome
battle will be dreadful devastating all the storedp riches
without distinction.
conbatants and the ombatan the fighting the old
the the little children
only be TAKEN the children of England be saved.
Time Is Short
The steps must be taken for the military experts expect the
raids
perhaps And the
Evening star., 1940-07-04
Hatch Law May Bar
Canal Zone DELEGATES
BY the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
COLON. Panama Canal Zone,
July 4.-There may be no Canal
Zone delegation at the Democratic
National Convention in Chicago.
A majority of the party's sup
porters here are Government en-
ployes. Under the Hatch Act, Gov
ernment employees are forbidden to
engage in political activities.
No convention has been neld, no
delegates have been selecled, and
the party's leaders are uncertain
what to do about it.
Evening star., 1940-07-04

be allowed England bring children
provisions of the Neutrality
There fact be remembered appese-
ment which
bombers will
their opinions States
will life death
cent children the spirit Ponus PLATE
bandy
for
by Alane, Inc)
Evening star., 1940-07-04
Soviet Oil Chief
Relieved of Duties
BY the Associated Press.

HSSOCIdttd PTeSS.
MOSCOW, July 4.-The Presidium
OF the Supreme Soviet has relieved
Lazarus M. Kaganovich of his duties
as commissar of the oil industry,
replacing him with M. Sedin, Tass,
official Soviet news agency, an
nounced today.
Kaganovich, former commissar of
transportation, was named to the
oil commissariat in October, 1899.
His brother, Mikhail M. Kagano-
vich, was relieved January 10 of his
duties as commissar of aviation in
the defense industry commlssariat.
Tass later reported he had been
transferred to another post.
Evening star., 1940-07-04

Sager, vice president; Mrs. M. w.
Blankenship, corresponding secre-
tary; Miss Jeanie Mccoy, recording
secretary; Miss Rebecca st. Clair,
treasurer; Mrs. Algernon Gardiner,
publicity chairman: Miss Margaret
Flory, program chairman, and Mrs
E. F. Sheffey, II; Mrs. Casey Jones
and Miss Lucille tSevens, members
of the Advisory Committee.
Evening star., 1940-07-04
Wins Flight Scholarship

Linnie Marvick, 24-year-old Sec
retary at the Weather Bureau, has
been awarded flight scholarship
by the Civil Aeronautics Authority,
1t was announced today. She will
take ground school training at Ma
tional University and flight train
Ing ct Congressional Airport.
Evening star., 1940-07-04

by one the free
nations ! a t e y
have been extin-
guished, the SOW
ereignty of peo-
ples-their right
to create gov
ernments which
shall rest on the
consent of the
governed - has
been impaired.
WnaC is nOSC
significant, how
ever, is the way
the tides of pop
ular opinion are
gW i gin ng. not
Evening star., 1940-07-04

IL OCk NCIlllOlllSIS
to say: Lets
thank our stars
We have kept
out Of this Eu-
ropean mess"
1t is not pure
fantasy to be-
lieve that fol-
lowing the naval
e n g a gements
b e t W e en- the
French and the
B r 1 t S h fleets,
F. a n c e would
agree to the for
nation of volun-
teer CORPS to
Evening star., 1940-07-04

today. Th r e e
weeks ago the
Repub l i C a n
party was given
practically n o
chance in the
presidential elec-
ton which is to
take place next
November. To-
day the most
ardent N e W
Dealer as we'll as
the conservative
Democrat admit
that the Demo-
cratic nominee
Evening star., 1940-07-04
RondoIph-M Macon
Alumnue Elect

Mrs. Norman Doniphan Hawkins
will head the District Chapter of
the Randolph Macon Woman's Col
lege Alumnae during the coming
year, it was announced yesterday.
Other officers are Mrs. Warran
Evening star., 1940-07-04

HE opinions OF the Ders this page o,o1
necessarily The Stars Such opinions presented
Stars effort to giDe all sides OF questions OF
readers although such opinions contradictory among
themselves and directly opposed to The Stars.
Evening star., 1940-07-04
BY G. GOULD LINCOLN.

The ebb and flow of public opinion
and the rapidity with which it
changes in this country has never
been better exemplified than 1t is
Evening star., 1940-07-04
Time Is Short

Cnt EHgIlSn anu AMERICAN govern
ments must be somehow overcome.
AS the Gallup poll has already
shown, the people of the United
States are ready to welcome the
children of England. They ought
to realize that if the present system
is followed, none but tiny and IA
vored minority of the heirs of our
parent nation will be rescued from
the fate which perhaps awaits them.
The need is for an immediate
Evening star., 1940-07-04

they would certainly be allowed
entry into the United States in the
end. If British shipping facilities
are insufficient for the task, the
Red Cross has a number of vessels
in Europe which have been allowed
to enter the combat zone, and
could be transformed into transports
for some of the children. Some of
the neutral shipping now lying idle
in American ports might be put in
Col IL L,ai., L. L
Evening star., 1940-07-04

What Shocks washington Is the
place in a great and highly civilized
against it's hereditary foe, at a time
and under circumstances which as
sured national extinction and cul-
tural suicide. The cynicism which
permitted the French lrdustrialists
and politicians to take their profits
from the national defense at the
very time when they were oooming
the French poilus to slaughter and
their country to defeat is regarded
by the Roosevelt administration as
the symbol of a moral collanss of
Evening star., 1940-07-04
Nomination
A Boost for
Democracy
WiIIkie Selection
Is Spur to Young
Office Seekers
By DAVID LAWRENCE.

Independence Lay for America
has been known throughout the
world as symbolic of the birth of
freedom in democracy, but as one
Evening star., 1940-07-04
We, the People
Reports Of Treosonous Moral Collapse Thot
Defeated France Stir U. S. CopitoI
BY JAY FRANKLIN.

Official Washington shocked the chilled
highly tales OF the treason reachery and social
atm which
Department amp the
divisions cracked the Maginot Lines.
The began with the oung the refor
Leon Blum had introduced labor other
Evening star., 1940-07-04

mass movement of English children
ence to the homes the United hopabe
are welcome them No
% one English boat week bringing refugee children this
country and only
adequate accommodations
English has problem
forcing immigration
of brutal
ON the present system refugee child find
is Wiling to offer
OF 16 financial to
friendship parents wishing
are met the child denied American
chds enough
antors must this also since the immigration
chden
Evening star., 1940-07-04
This
Changing
World
French Volunteers
Opposing Britain
Held Possible
BY CONSTANTINE BROWN.

In some official quarters here 1t
is wondered whether surprising de-
velopments within the next few
weeks would cadse even the fiercest
Evening star., 1940-07-04

VINO nau decentTaIlHed and was IN
process of Matchmaking the French
munitions industry. Blum fell under
pressure from the Chamberlain
umbrella policy in London and from
his conservative rivals. The French
set up businesslike defense
government under Daladier and let
the conservatives bully hbor and
estrange the French masses into
mood of suilen fatalism. AS result,
the French people entered the war
Evening star., 1940-07-04
The Spirit of Plate?

Naturally under system,
among the children England obtain United
Canada
absorb exodus
this will attempting
with the problem
from New York She asked $500
that responsibility
guarantee at least s2oooOQo She replied got
900 ~
Meanwhile the shipping problem
the English could sufficiently
children
Evening star., 1940-07-04
Moral Collapse at the Top

Washington the realization that these betrayas took
and highly civilized nation which fighting for its life
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1940-04-13
TRADE-UNIONISM PROMOTES
DEMOCRACY

The United Inter-racial Labor Com
mittee of Boston was recently formed
to promote trade-unionism among col
ored workers on the firm basis of their
unity with white workers to attain a
common goal of better wages and
working conditions. This unity is
forged on the anvil of struggles to
solve problems of labor standards. 1t
springs at the present time from the
necessity to bring the colored worker
into the labor movement, where he be-
longs, and to abolish his exploitation
by open-shoppers who use him as a
strike-breaker, thereby tanning flames
of racial animosity designed to split
the ranks of labor in order that both
white and colored workers may be
compelled to accept low wage-levels.
A healthy sign manifested by the
newly-formed committee, in keeping
with the best traditions of Massachu-
sets democracy, is the absence of
narrow racialism, which is only advo-
Gated by white and colored demago-
CUES who are at bottom enemies of la
Dor.
The participation of colored work
ers in the trade-union movement will
do much, as it has already done, to di-
minish such elements of prejudice as
reactionaries have sought to inject in
their natural allies, the white work.
ers. They must have both the wisdom
to recognize who are their real friends
and the vision to preserve an unshat-
tered unity with those comrades
against common dangers.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1940-04-13
Erskine Hawkins
Coming to ROseland

The story of Erskine Hawkins, who
comes to Roseland State Ballroom on
Friday, April 10, is a little different
than the usual story told about the
successful orchestra leader. All the
other stories lead off by telling the
reader how tough a life Joe Doakes
had and how he finally surmounted all
obstacles to become the great man he
is today.
Erskine Hawkins was born on July
26, 1914 in Birmingham, Ala. From
that day to the present Hawkins has
led a comparatively easy life. His
mother taught school in Birmingham
and his father, a World War hero who
gave his life for his country, was
successful business man.
Hawkins spent his entire life in
Birmingham, Alabama, his birthplace.
AS the years rolled by he learned to
lean heavily upon his mother, who,
incidentally, is still teaching in Birm-
lngham. So, it was only natural for
Hawkins to follow Sin his mothers
footsteps" and head for a teachers
degree.
In 1880 Hawkins enrolled in the
Alabama State Teachers College and
worked his way through his Bachelor
OF Science degree, in eduation. While
attending classes, the school band
master sent out call for a trumpet
player to join the band. Hawkins had
always played around with the drums
and enjoyed music. This was only
natural as he comes from family
who are all unsteady inclined. Haw-
kins walked up to the band master and
volunteered to play the trumpet if
given a chance to study the instru-
ment. He was accepted and after
several months of tutoring played first
trumpet with the band up until 1884.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1940-04-13
Chr OnlnrRn SnlAtFr
By Lanqsfon Hughes
THE POEM

My brother died in Frapce-but back.
We were just two coored boys, brown and black
Who joined up to fight for the u. S. A.
When the Nation called that mighty day.
We training camp, then overseas
And and my brother happy as you please
Thinking fighting for Democracy's reign
And that our dark blood would wipe away the stain
Of prejudice, and hate, and the false color line
And give us the rights that yours and mine.
They told America would know black or white:
So marched to the front, happy to fight
Last night in a dream my brother
Out of his grave from the sea,
Back from the acres of crosses in France,
And said me- Brother, you've got your chance,
And hope you're making good, and doing fine
Cause when I living, didn't have mine
Black boys couldn't work then anywhere like they today
Could hardly find job that offered decent pay.
The unions barred U.S. the factories too
But NOW know we've got plenty do.
We couldn't in restaurants; had Jim Grow cars;
Didn't have any schools and there all of bars
To coored boys rising in wealth or station
But now know we'll that's our situation:
The worlds been made safe for Democracy
And no longer do we know the dark misery
Of being held back, of having chance
Since the coored soldiers home from France.
Didn't government tell us things would be fine
When got through fighting, Over There and dying?
So now know we blacks just like any other
Cause that's what died for-isnt it, Brother?"
saw him standing there straight and tall,
In his soldiers uniform, and all.
Then his dark face smiled in the night
But the dream crueand biterand somehow right
1t awfu-facing that boy who went out to die,
For what could I answer him, except "Its lie"
It's lie! It's lie! Every word they said
And it's better thousand times you're in France dead
For here in the South there's votes and no right
And I'm still kept down in America tonight.
Then woke up and the dream ended
But broken the soldiers dream bad be ended
And it's good thing all the black boys lying dead Over There
Can't see! And don't know! And won't ever care!
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1940-04-13
LO OKINC AROUND
and BEYOND
By
FRANK R. CROSSWAITH

FEW WHITE MEN who have been
privileged to seriously contend for the
Presidency of the United States have
fought more consistently and persist
emily for justice to the colored Ameri-
can than has Norman Thomas. He
and Eugene Victor Debs will long
continue to occupy in the hearts and
heads of that intelligent and civilized
minority Of their fellow countrymen
unique and unchallenged place of
affection and respect. 1t matters not
where, nor when Norman Thomas
delivers a public address, he never fails
to bring into his discussion a phase of
Colored Americas plight. His latest
blow in our behalf is the following
letter which appeared in the Princeton
Alumni Weekly, issue Of March 20,
1910 published by Princeton Univer-
sity. Mr.. Thomas is one of Princeton's
most outstanding graduates.
"Many Princeton men will bear
me out in testifying that it is rather
painful for loyal Princetonians to
bear the distorted impressions of
our alma mater widely prevalent
in America.
II have had considerable contact
with American colleges and univer-
sites, and with good conscience 7
can meet most Of the criticisms.
Academic standards are higher than
average, boys can work their way
wholly or in part through Princeton
and be the more respected for it,
etc, etc. [ can't defend the club
system and bicker week, but [ can
say that that system is better, not
worse than the average fraternity
system, and that there is more of a
conscience, even if an Ineffective
conscience, about it among us than
against similar or worse evils in
other institutions.
"But at one point I can present
no defense. Princeton we proudly
say is for the nations service It
is dedicated to democracy to the
search for TRUTH to the liberal
spirit'-in complete opposition to
fascist standards. Yet Princeton
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1940-04-13
N. A. A C. P. MEMBERSHIP DRIVE

Annually the N. A. A. C. P. under
takes an intensified drive to enlarge
its Boston membership. This year, as
previously, George B. Murphy, Jr., as
sistant publicity director, has been
sent from New York to help the local
committee in charge of the drive,
headed by DR.. John B. Hall.
If one considers the aims and OBJ
iectives of the N. A. A. C. p, it is
surprising that more colored people
do not lend it their support. For years
it has fought for the enactment of
Federal legislation to stamp out the
vicious and brutal degradation of
lynching. Through unceasing public
ity it has focused national attention
upon other evils spawned by racial
prejudice, such as the so-called
Grandfather Clauses" and "white
primaries, utilized by reactionaries
in the South to deprive colored citi-
zens Of their Constitutional right to
vote and hold office. 1t has exposed the
often Sinking and sometimes subtle
efforts at segregation in the North, by
advocating and championing civil
rights bills, which make it illegal for
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1940-04-13
Recent Deaths
Hughes

Hughes
Funeral services for Miss Serano K.
Hughes of 25 Holyoke St., were held
at Charles St. Church, March II with
Rev. 0. W. Childers officiating. Burial
was in Mt. Hope cemetery. Carroll T.
Thomas, funeral director
SimOnS
Funeral services for Miss Florence
Simons of 120 Fairweather St., Cam
bridge, were held at the Thomas Fun
eral Home, March 10, with Father
Hughes officiating. Burial was in Mt.
Hope cemetery. Carroll T. Thomas,
funeral director.
Hunt
Funeral services for Henderson
Hunt of 333 Eastern Ave-, Maiden,
were held at the Eastern Ave. Baptist
Church with Rev. Jackson officiating.
Burial was in Forest Dale cemetery,
Maiden. Carroll T. Thomas, funeral
director.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1940-04-13
CHURCH NEWS
COLUMBUS AVE. AME ZION
CHURCH
Rev. VIM. ID. Battle. Pastor


600 am, early morning prayer and
praise services; 1920 am, morning
worship. Sermon by the pastor. 1890
pm, church school and Bible classes.
300 pm, musical concert featuring
Lincoln Quintette and assisting artists
by Mrs. Dorothy Bailey, for
the benefit of the hurch. 1870 pm,
Junior Varick c. E. Society. 6:15
pm, Young Peoples society Of Varick
Christian Endeavor 1880 pm, even
ing worship. Sermon by the pastor
The pastor will resume his series of
sermons on Kingdom building, and the
way of salvation. These sermons will
help you. The "Choir Glorious" has
soul stirring music for you.
Coming April 81, the an
nual Spring Rally. Each member and
friend is requested to give two dol
lars, to help meet pressing obligations.
Tuesday, April 90, the fortieth ami
versary of Bishop W. j. Walls in the
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1940-04-13

AS the forword to this handsomely
printed pamphlet declares, this ora
ton by Frederick Douglass, who was
perhaps the greatest statesman whom
the colored people of the nited States
have produced, "is not merely a mas
terpiece of oratory in its best and
noblest form-it is at the same time
one of the most penetrating estimates,
If not the most penetrating estimate,
of the life, character and role of the
Martyr President who guided our
nation through the crisis of Civil War
to Emancipation"
Delivered on April IA, 1876, when
the monument erected by the Freed
men in memory of Abraham Lincoln
was unveiled in Lincoln Park, Wash
ington, the grafton reveals, in many
passages, the keen, realistic insight
which Douglass possessed regarding
the underlying causes of the Civil
War. 1t was part of the greatness of
Douglass never to look at even a great
Individual like Lincoln through the
distorted lenses of popular adulation.
On this occasion he said, at must be
admitted, truth compels me to admit,
even here in the presence of the monu-
ment we have erected to his memory.
Abraham Lincoln was not, in the full
est sense of the word, either our man
or our model" Why he regarded him
as "pre-eminently the white mans
President, entirely devoted to the well
fare of white men" Douglass explains
by citing Lincoln's failure to see at the
outset that the war was a war waged
by the slave-owning class in the South
for the preservation and extension of
the institution of chatel slavery, by
showing that the President at first
opposed the levying of colored troops;
and by pointing to Lincoln's belief
that colonization Tin anticipation of
Marcus Garvey) was the solution of
the problem of the colored people as
a racial minority. Douglass reviews
all the Presidents hesitancies and
vaclllations, while he pays due tribute
to the greatness which elevated him,
as preserver of the Union from trai-
torous disruption, to status among
American statesmen second only to
that accorded the first President of
the Republic.
The present pamphlet, which sells
for twenty-five cents, is a reprint
which deserves only commentator in
the highest degree; the text is well
edited. hope the Pathway Press will
undertake the issue of other speeches
by Douglass, who was our greatest
orator, or by other fore-runners of
freedom.-W. E. H.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1940-04-13
Segregation for Cooed the Real Permanent Damnng Degada

restaurants and hotels to discriminate
on the basis of race or color.
Defending the true interests of col
ored people and thereby safeguarding
the justly priced liberties of the entire
American people, the N. A. A. c. p.
has proceeded always along the lines
of genuine inter-racial cooperation,
inviting our white fellow-citizens to
participate as members and officers in
the common task of raising the level
of American civilization by guaran-
teeing full manhood status to the col
ored citizen.