davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Glacier County chief., 1940-05-03

worked in the vicinity OF Fort Benton
during the winter of l953-1854 included
clear descriptions of the chinook winds
in their government reports.
Bancroft Ignored 1t
1t is interesting to note that most
writers of straight history have ignored
the chinook wind and its relation TO
events in the northwest, but news
paper men, pioneer diary-keePers'
countless words about it. It is sur
prising that even the indefatigable H
II. Bancroft. from whose history FAC.
tory" at San Francisco there poured
a steady stream of books on western
history. neglected to mention the CHI
nook in its relation to the history OF
the region.
But if the historians have neglected
the chinook, the poets cannot be &C
cused of a similar neglect. Such an
elfin quirk of nature could not be
expected to escape the attentions OF
the disciples of poetic art, and prac-
tically every northwest poet arrives
inevitably at that certain point IN the
wooing of his muse when few verses
in tribute to the chinook lust mus
come out Walter E. Taylor. the Mon
tana poet, writing in his own florlu
way about the chinook not long ago
for "Kaleidograph" the southern poet
~ journal, calls this wind "a scented
virgin come to seduce the gods OF
winter"
In a vein less carnal than that
pursued by Taylor, Ella Higginson, the
washington poet oct; wrote ;o IN neF line
"Oh, dear chinook. send one long
laughing glance
Across the glittering snow;
Set grasses greening and the rose
ALLOW:
Stir purple violets from their fragrant
trance"
Most Of the poets have seen the
chinook merely as pretty qulr aI,o, OF
the wind, Sam L. Simpson. an Oregon
writer, has seen the wind as an eco
nomic factor in the history OF the
northwest. He pictures the effects OF
the chinook on business, ana concluoes
that a statue to the chinook, repre-
scented by an Indian MAID, snoq!a pe
sons verses to the chinook have been
widely reprinted, but there are those
who doubt the wisdom of his sugges-
tion that in statues the chinook De
represented by a figure OF an indlan
maid. These dissenters point out tnat
in a number of Oregon city PARKS t1e
woods are already full of Indian maid
ems representing Sacajawea and
Madame Dorion. and that more bronze
Indian maids in Oregon glades G ,oinS
in the minds Of tourists who do not
have time to read fully the s,l lines T 1has
are craven on statue passes. Liis
n r Of travelling school teachers
going back home to tell the, Their i aWie
and CLARK, or that "Sacajawea' Is
wind the farmers love.
Simpson may have been ill-a advises
for Oregon parks. but he was right IN
considering the chinook an economic
factor in northwest life, for It has a
definite effect on the amount OF the
spring runoff and the possibilities OF
floods. It aids railroads II IN q keeping ea,ag
at The right time It lessons the amount
Of feed stockmen have to. give cattle
or sheep 1T Is an ever-welcome guest:
whose coming Is indicative Of good
and whose absence would be momep-
tous Of evil"
Glacier County chief., 1940-05-03

TO the New York school where Miss
Graeter will begin her studies next
fall.
During her college career Miss
Graeter has not only made an ex-
cellent scholastic record and shown
an unusual talent in art. but she has
also engaged in many campus activi-
ties. In her Junior year she was vice
president of Delta Phi Delta, art hon.
orary. and this year she is president
of the Art club. She has been secretary
of Mortar board, senior women's hon
orary, and she was editor of the &C
tivities division of the Montanan, COL
lege yearbook, during both her junior
and senior years. Other activities in
clude membership in the Gridiron club
and participation in three college
plays.
The five preceding recipients of the
scholarship are: 1885. Edith Airport,
who is now on the faculty at Montana
State; 1886, Caroline Busch, who is
on the faculty at the Butte high
school: 1887, Mrs. Vida Parker AXel-
son. now a resident of Butte; 1888,
Margaret Gordon. who is now a de-
signer for a fashion magazine in New
York city: 1899, Jayne futile, who is
completing her year of study at the
New York School OF Fine and Applied
arts.
Glacier County chief., 1940-05-03
GOOD WILL TOUR
OF PARK MAY )
GOVERNORS OF THREE STATES
WILL SPEAK AT OLD FAITH
Full INN
Large Motor Caravans Are Expected
from Montana. Idaho and Wyoming:
Cabin and Hotel Accommodations
Now Available at Park Entrances.

Governors of Montana, Idaho
and Wyoming will speak at Old
Faithful in Yellowstone national
park at the Tri-state good will tour
and picnic on Sunday, May 5, II. F.
Iavln of Gardiner. secretary Of
the Tri-State Yellowstone Park
Civic association. announces. The
affair will celebrate the opening
OF the 1910 touring season in the
park on May l.
Bands representing the states will
present a concert. Il is expected that
the Sun Valley band will represent
Idaho while Wyoming may bring two
bands. one from Casper and the other
from Powell
Informal accommodations may be
secured in the park at the stores at
Lake and Old Faithful. including
meals. Cabin and hotel accommoda-
tons are available at Gardiner, Cody,
Red Lodge. Cooke and West Yellow
stone
The Cody entrance was opened to
light vehicular traffic on April 20 and
the Red Lodge Cooke road was opened
a few days ago at the earliest date it
has ever been cleared of snow.
The West Yellowstone entrance has
been open for month and the Gar
diner entrance is open the year around.
Seyera! visitors already have entered
the park this season and the main
points OF interest are easily reached.
Glacier County chief., 1940-05-03
EARLY Montana Days Marked
BY Freighters' Rate Wars

1868 to 1873, concerns engaged in
transporting goods to Montana
fought price wars which brought
the freight rates from 60 cents to
less than cents a pound. How
ever, the fact that these concerns
we're not able to move any ap-
probable amount of freight dur
ing the winter months was prob
ably one of the indirect causes of
MOntana's first depression in the
fall and winter of 1869 and 1870.
Merchants. fearing they might be
caught short of goods. as had hap
pened in the past. overStocked This,
coupled with the reduced returns from
placer mining and an unusually large
number of people leaving the territory.
forced some concerns out of business
Quartz mining was still in its infancy
and the returns were inconseQuential
However. the hard times didn't last
long and conditions started to improve
in the spring of 1870 when prospectors
again started TO work their placers
and search for new ones. So. actually
the depression was just another Of
the numerous growing pains of a
young territory during which the
earlier spirit of venture gave way to
more settled methods of business. The
population at that time was approx
mately 10000 and until then business
failures mad Deen rare.
Before the coming of the railroads,
Montana, like other western states, had
much to contend with in securing sup
plies from either eastern or west coast
markets. There we're no roads to speak
of and months were required to freight
in supplies by slow OK and mule teams.
Consequently prices were enormous as
compared with those in more settled
eastern districts, but placer mines were
producing gold by the millions and
erybody-eSpecially the road agents
enjoyed a period of prosperity that
seldom has been eQualed elsewhere.
Freighting Prom Utah
In 1863 merchandise was brought In
from Colorado and Utah by large OK
and mule trains. The trip. through
dangerous Indian country. required
from three to four months. These
trains started as early in the, spring
as possible and frequently had diff
Guilty in fording rivers swollen by
flood waters from melting SHOWS in
the mountains In crossing mountain
ranges the going was frequently SO
difficult that teams had to be doubled
and one wagon at time hauled up
steep hills. Going down the other side,
wagons were let down the steepest hills
with ropes Snubbed to trees or rocks.
Lucky was the man who arrived first
in the summer with a well assorted
stock. His complete stock would be
sold out in a matter of few hours at
enormous profits. In spite OF diflcui-
Glacier County chief., 1940-05-03
deer LODGE GIRL
WINS ART AWARD
LORRAINE CRATER RECIPIENT
OF FRANK ALVAH PARSONS
SCHOLARSHIP
Prize Entities Her to Years Study at
New York School of Fine and APP
piled Arts; She Has Shown Unusual
Talent in Chosen Field

For the sixth consecutive year
Montana State college has been
allotted a Frank AIvah Parsons
memorial scholarship to be award
ed an outstanding senior art stu
dent and this year the scholarship
goes TO Lorraine Graeter of Deer
Lodge. announces Mrs. Olga Ross
Harmon, head of the art depart
ment at the college.
The scholarship ordinarily entitle.
the recipient to a year of study in the
Paris branch of the New York Schoo
of Fine and Applied arts which wa.
founded by the late Frank Alvaf
Parsons. However, because of the war
the scholarship has been transferred
Glacier County chief., 1940-05-03
HELENA-Marga-et Mullen of Girl

HELENA-Marga-et Mullen of Girls
Central high school in Butte won first
place in the annual apologeticS contest
Tor Catholic students conducted at
Helena Cathedral high school here.
She delivered her address on Why
Look TO the PapaCy for Leadership in
Effectlng World Peace?" Seven other
students from as many Montana
schools participated but no rankings,
except that for the first position. were
made
Evening star., 1940-06-23

through the desert brush Of the
Southwest or the woods of the
North, following the minute sign
posts a passing man leaves on earth
and underbrush.
At the end Of the trail, they may
find quick k-triggered ambush watt
ing, as the toll of service deaths
two year-attests. Annals of the
patrol are full of tales like that of
how seven patrolmen rushed the
darkened tent Of Is husky Canadian
lumberjacks in the Maine woods.
Zone of them" it related, reached
for an axe which was right close
to him and started swinging It
around. 1t then became a general
free-for- all"
Horses Still Used.
Four teams-two horses, two men
still patrol the mesquite-covered
desert border in the Southwest
where patrol by automobile is out
of the question.
The radio towers, standing high
above the fiat border towns of the
Southwest, had added a new gro
tesque-but MISUNDERSTANDING to the
patrol. Since the word has spread
that the radio towers brought in an
average OF one alien a day when
first set up, alien-smuggling has
decreased in their territories.
The tower man calls to the patrol
car by radio. directing the patrol
mems operations from his obserya-
ton point:
Calling car 26. A man is crossing
in the standpipes area near the
foot OF Charles street You'll have
to hurry. He is coming up the
drainage ditch toward Santa Fe
street. Head him off in that di-
rection. He has stopped on
Santa Fe street. He is wearing black
trousers and a white hat. i. He
is at Santa Fe and Tenth street,
| Damn it! That's him right in
front of you"
Flying Smugglers Snaeged.
In recent years, some smugglers of
aliens have taken to the sky, flying
their customers" in by airplane.
The Border Patrol has no air serv-
ice. but it has snagged flying snug
glers by watching their hideouts.
The smugglers dare not land their
Evening star., 1940-06-23

delegate of the American Red Cross,
and Edward Close, managing direc-
tor Of the American Hospital of
Paris, headed drive to obtain tn.
services Of doctors and nurses, med
ical supplies, ambulances, trucks ind
private cars.
Hastily improvised German pris-
on camps constitute an important
medical problem.
-Four ambulances. three trucks
and 20 passenger cars already are
engaged in emergency service
Evening star., 1940-06-23

contraband at established flying
fields.
On one case, a patrolman halted
an escaping plane by driving his car
head-on into the moving machine
before 1t could take of.
Today, the Border Patrol-trans-
ferred from the Labor Department
to the Justice Departments in a
position to cooperate closely with
the counter-espionage agents of the
Federal Bureau of Investigation.
Chief Willard Kelly, a quiet,
tenacious man still in his thirties,
is a career man. of the Border
Patrol. He entered the service as
a patrol inspector in the Maine
woods when the Border Patrol was
established in 1924.
Chief Kelly's men have a reputa-
ton as sharp-shooters, which
springs partly from their continu-
ing training in firearms. This starts
at the training schools, where re-
cruits 60 through a stiff course in
Evening star., 1940-06-23
j. ). Border Patrol
To Double Forces
Watching for Aliens
Troll Tricks Of Indiuns
Combined With Modern
Methods to Guard Frontie,
BY WILLIAM PINKERTON,
Associated Press Stan Writer.

"Sign-cutters" of the Border Pa
trol, who have matched wits and
guns with smugglers and rumrunn-
ers, are alert for the track of the
fifth columnist' seeking illegal en-
try into the United States.
Guardians of the long unfortified
boundaries of the Nation, they
combine the modern radio tower
and fast squad car with the trail
tricks of woods Indians in their
constant patrol of the spots where
foreigners might sneak in"
New vigilance centers on the
Southern boundary. Along the Rio
Grande, they watch the spots where
a man can wade across the shallow
river. They watch "Cordova Island"
a patch of Mexican soil on the
American side of the river. where
an alien can change nations by run
ming rapidly down the street. They
watch the cars passing back and
forth along the highways, and their
eagle eyes search desert by-pathS
for tracks.
Boats Watched Of Florida.
On the Southern tip of Florida
only so miles from foreign owned
islands-they watch the sloops and
speedboats passing in and out OF
the Gays and harbors. Keen, sus-
picious eyes fix on the pleasure
boats" dashing in and out of the
resorts. Cuba and the British
Bahamas long have harbored the
smuggler breed.
The trackless woods and fast
streams of Northern Maine are less
of a problem now, for Canada's war
government has put strict controls
on aliens within.
But inspectors keep making their
long tricks by foot through the dense
woods. and boat patrols watch the
Detroit River, the st. Lawrence,
Niagara, Puget Sound.
Canadian conscription, or politi-
cal trouble in Mexico, might double
overnight the job of the watchers
at the Northern and Southern limits
of the country.
Patrol Is a Frontier Service.
Shortly, TIP new patrol officers will
double the force whose traditions
60 back to jeff Milton-express mes
senger, sheriff, Texas ranger, Chi
nese inspector-Who maintained a
one-man. one-horse, two-gun patrol
west of Nogales at the turn of the
century.
jeff was the man whose long pur-
suit of three train robbers ended
with telegram to friends: Send
two coffins and doctor"
With all the aid of modern
science, the border patrol of the i'm
migration service still remains a
frontier service, like the Canadian
Northwest Mounted Police.
Their special art is ign-cutting.
inherited from the Indians and the
cowboys. This outdoor tracking
following the trail of footprint,
broken twig and misplaced stone
is vital to the job of catching a
wet" alien before he loses himself
on the inland highways or in the big
cities of the coast.
"Check Stations" Back Up Patrols.
But the border patrol backs up
its "sign-cutters" with check sta
tions" along the highways back so or
10 miles from the border. Here cars
are searched, suspicious persons
spotted, known smugglers of aliens
seized with the goods.
The "sign-cutters' usually work.
ing in pairs-often trudge for days
Evening star., 1940-06-23

immigration law, "sign-cutting"
tactics, f1ngerprinting, radio, Jul
jitsu and police work. On the
Southern border, the men must learn
Spanish; on the Maine border they
must speak French. Only woman
officer Of the service is the girl who
teaches French to the men of Dis
trict One.
Evening star., 1940-06-23
RESORTS.
ATLANTIC CITY, N. J.
LARGE comfortable rooms,

LARGE comfortable rooms,
unsparingly appointed. :. luxur.
ious beds, the choicest Of foods,
deft service, sun decks the
Lido Beach bright with cabanas,
special elevator to beach levelfor
bathers, ,and hot and cold freshand
salt water baths in every room.
Inviting settings for dining, dane.
ing and cocktails such as the
Patio delSol and Cocktail Lounge.
Golf, of course. Relaxation and
peace of mind only few hours
from your business. You get SO
much more at the Traymore.
Rates which begin at IS
daily European, 50 with meals.
oR tho B . ? d " ak
At L A MTG CITY
Bennett E. TousIey, CsneroI Manager
Evening star., 1940-06-23
Red Cross Co-ordinafes
Relief Work in Paris
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
PARIS, June 22-The American
Red Cross and American Hospital
OF Paris announced today creation
OF transport and medical services
to cooperate with relief organiza-
tions in caring for refugees and
other victims of war.
Wayne Chatfield Taylor, European
Worcester Democrat and the ledger-enterprise. (Pocomoke City, Md.) 1921-1953, 1940-08-30
WALTER p. CHRYSLER, 65
DIED IN LONG ISLAND

Walter P. Chrysler, IS, a one-time
locomotive wiper who became one of
Americas great automotive industri-
alists, and owner of Poketry Lodge in
the Neck District near Cambridge,
died Sunday at his suburban Long
Island home in Great Neck of cere-
brial hemorrhage. He had been un-
conscious for "a hours.
A funeral service was held We'd
nesday, at 10 A. NJ, in st. Bartholo-
news Episcopal Church, New York.
Burial was in Sleepy Hollow Gene
terry, Tarrytown, N. Y.
Chrysler's quest for success in
volved many jobs and many changes
in salary. He sacrificed high-paying
positions on several occasions to take
others which he thought held greater
possibilities for advancement. In later
years, operating from his own IT.
story skyscraper in mid Manhattan
and director of 25 plants in five states
and three foreign countries, he still
referred to himself as ga machinist."
Born in Wamego, Kans., on April
2, 1875, Chrysler attended school in
Ellis, Kans., where his family moved
in 1878.
Worcester Democrat and the ledger-enterprise. (Pocomoke City, Md.) 1921-1953, 1940-08-30
SOMERSET FARMER FOUND
DEAD in HIS BARN

William Edward Birmingham, of
Kingston, a well-known and highly
respected farmer, was found dead in
his barn, on Friday afternoon of last
week. He had gone to the barn about
twenty minutes before he was found.
He was IA years of age.
A son of the late Joseph and Sally
(Cottman) Birmingham, he spent most
of his life in the Kingston neighbor-
hood, where he carried on extensive
farming operations. His wife, Mrs.
Ella Katherine Birmingham, proceed
ed him in death by about nine years.
Surviving are four sons, William
E. Birmingham, Jr., now residing in
Norfolk, and for number of years,
connected with the Pennsylvania Rail-
road in this city, Francis E. Britting-
ham, of Kingston, Edwin C. Britting-
ham, of Baltimore, o. Wilson Britting-
ham, of Pocomoke City: and one
daughter, Mrs. Vivian P. Wyatt, of
Cape Charles.
Funeral services were held from his
late home on Sunday afternoon with
the Rev. Herman Bischoff, pastor of
Rehoboth Presbyterian Church, offic-
iating. Inttrment was beside his wife
in st. Pauls cemetery.
Worcester Democrat and the ledger-enterprise. (Pocomoke City, Md.) 1921-1953, 1940-08-30
LARGE POTATO YIELDS
IN UPPER ACCOMAC

Some large yields of Cobbler po-
tatoes are reported from upper Ac-
comack county this year. L. w.
Thornton & Son, of Atlantic, on 100
acres grew 21,477 barrels field run or
more than 134115 barrels to the acre.
One acre yielded ITO barrels field run
J. ]. and William Waterfield, of At
lantic, marked off an acre in their
patch, which yielded 100 barrels field
run. Ernest Mariner, who dug his
potatoes early in July had an acre
that produced more than 1853 barrels.
c. H. Poulson, of Nelsonia, dug
II, 100 sacks U. S. No. 1 Grade on
100 acres and sold them at prices
running from IS cents to $1.25 per
sack. His best yield was noted on
his seaside farm where 80 acres pro-
duced 1890 sacks U. S. No. 1 grade.
He shipped in all 81 cars, all sold f.
o. b. loading point and received only
one cut during the season, that being
less than 5 cents per sack on one car.
Worcester Democrat and the ledger-enterprise. (Pocomoke City, Md.) 1921-1953, 1940-08-30
VIRGINIA AUTOMOBILE
RECOVERED IN CAMBRIDGE

= j
! The automobile of Mr.. S. T. Nye
which was stolen from in front of his
Randolph avenue, Cape Charles, home
on Saturday, August 10th, was re-
covered by Maryland State police at
Cambridge, Md, on Tuesday, the 18th.
Mr.. Nye was notified on the night of
the 18th and on Thursday, the 18th,
went to the Maryland town and claim
ed his machine. 1t was damaged some
what but the motor was in perfect
running condition.
On the date the Nye machine was
stolen local police recovered Cam
bridge automobile abandoned here.
When Mr.. Nye was in Cambridge for
his car he learned that second ma
chine had been stolen from that town
the day his was found and has since
learned that the third car had been
recovered in Cairo, Ill. by state po-
lice.
It is beloved that the thief, or thiev-
es, took the first Cambridge car, drove
here, took the Nye machine, drove
back to Cambridge and, abandoning
it there, stole the third machine and
went on to Illinois.
Definite clues are in possession OF
the Maryland State police and it is
believed that the thief, or thieves
will be in custody within the near
future.
Worcester Democrat and the ledger-enterprise. (Pocomoke City, Md.) 1921-1953, 1940-08-30
FROM OUR
EXCHANGES
FIRE IN ONANCOCK
MAY BE INCENDIARY

Following the close of the Carnival
at Onancock, Saturday night the On
ancock Volunteer Firemen were quick
to get into action when a blaze was
discovered at the home of James c.
Walker, on Kerr street. Very little
damage was done, but the nature OF
the fire indicated that it had either
been Intentionally set afire, or g
prowler had been careless with match
es.
Returning to their home early Sun
day morning, after having helped the
firemen at the carnival grounds, Mr.
and Mrs. Walker thought they detected
the odor of smoke and upon investi-
cation found fire in closet adjacent
their kitchen. Mr.. Walker put the
fire out, but fearing some of the
sparks may have gotten between the
walls called the department.
The local firemen upon investiga-
ton found some rags burning in the
attic, toward the front of the house,
Opposite the location of the closet,
which was in the rear). Further in
vestigation disclosed another fire in
a front room on the first floor, one
which was seldom used. In this room
the curtains were burned to such an
extent that they had dropped off the
rods and lay burning on the floor.
At the head of the landing of the
stairs quite number, of burned match
es were found. Mr.. Walker stated
that it seemed as if someone had just
struck the matches to see them blaze,
as most of them had burned no more
than the head.
zPolice have been investigating the
case, but have not reported any sus-
poets.
The house is the property of Car
son r. Lewis, jeweler, of Onancock.
The damage was estimated to be be-
tween $4,000 and $4,000. The build
ing was insured, but. there was no in
surance on the furniture. The alarm
was sounded about 100 a. M, Sunday
morning.
Worcester Democrat and the ledger-enterprise. (Pocomoke City, Md.) 1921-1953, 1940-08-30
DELAWARE MAN STRUCK
BY TRAIN AT KENYON

Lewis Collins, 35, of Kenton, Del,
died a short time after he told Ed
gar Brinkley, who found him lying
along the branch railroad tracks at
Kenton, that he had been hit, by a
train. Collins had lain along the
tracks all night, apparently struck
by an excursion train on the Clay
ton-Easton branch of the Pennsylvania
Railroad near midnight.
Delaware State police had under
taken an investigation because of the
regularity of the wound on the right
side which, they said, had the super
fetal appearance of a stab or gun
shot injury.
However, post norton examina-
ton disclosed that the man had been
crushed within as if struck with ire
mendous force by some flat object,
the inward crushing forcing the hole.