davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Daily Alaska empire., 1940-03-31
By LINN A. FORREST IT S Forest Service

Along the waterways, amid rug ged mountains, a primitive people long ago found incentive to erect strange memorials commemorating ancestral deeds and "explaining" incidents of everyday occurrence These stories, or histories if you will were carved on red cedar poles some of which attained height of more than 60 feet. We call them totems.
 Just when these carvings first began is not known, although ac- counts of the earliest voyages to Alaska give scant attention to them. Scme late authorities would even tell us that the practice started since the days of the first Russian settlers. This may be refuted by disclosing that definite knowledge of totems carved since the arrival of the Russians show changes to conventional treatments of feathers on the wings and bodies of birds Then there is the story told of a strangely carved pole being cast up- on the shore near Old TongaSs Vil- lage from which all totems had their inception.
 Today, however, when the Natives are asked as to the origin of this practice they simply answer: T do not know" Of this much we are sure; that in the history of no oth- CT people was an art ever so highly developed in the three or four gen. erations some would have us believe was the extent of totemic carving.
 Art Almost Lost
 Not many years ago the travellers to Alaska saw numerous Native vil- lages with large community houses and rows of totem poles. At this time Native art flourished and the outside world soon learned of and came to see this Totem Land But as the White man settled, the Ma tiveS abandoned their own villages for economic reasons, or for protec- tion, and their art retrogressed and community houses and poles fast were falling prey to the elements.
 Two years ago not one original community house was standing. Some meager efforts had been made , to preserve a few poles, as at the Sitka National Monument, where 16 had been placed, and at the Old Vil- lage of Kasaan This latter place was also set aside as a National Monument but received no care, and houses and poles alike were falling into decay
 For many years the Forest Service recognized the toll being taken, knew that soon this art would be lost to posterity, but not until the fall of 1887 were funds made avail able for restoration purposes. Con- tacting the owners, titles to the best-preServed of all these poles were obtained by the Government so funds could be expended to restore them
The Daily Alaska empire., 1940-03-31
BY-pR0DU(TS OF
 pRIBIL0F SEALS
 PROVE VALUABLE

The Government-operated fur seal industry on AlaSka's Pribilof Islands produces valuable by-products. At the by-products plant on the island in 1888, some 7085 cubic feet of blubber, or about 368, APO pounds, and 3l ,805 fur seal carcasses were ren- dered into oil and meal.
 Taken to Seattle the meal-to- taling considerably over 325, ,000 pounds-was turned over to the Di- vision of Fish Culture for use in Federal fish hatcherieS throughout the country Some of the oil was sent to New York for experiments in processing seal skins, the rest was sold under competitive bidding in Seattle. Some of both oil and meal was kept in the north for use as fox feed.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1940-03-31

progress downward. is commercially useful throughout its entire depth.
 In the fall of 1889 study was made of the production of peat in British Columbia for commercial use. This study indicated that un- der certain conditions Alaska peat can make place for itself in the competitive markets of the Pacific Coast.
 Market Factors
 Factors governing the marketing possibilities are: First, low trans portation cost from Alaska to Se- attle: second. an economical meth cd of mechanical dehydration (air- drying in our humid atmosphere is impossible) third, the establishment of a plant at a settled community where labor, power, docking facili- ties, etc., are already established.
 The transportation companies op- erating in Alaska have offered a satisfactory freight rate. Confer ences with interested parties in Se- attle and San Francisco have led to studies of mechanical dehydration methods adaptable to Alaska con- ditionS.
 The large bogs adjacent to the town of Petersburg have been ten- tatively selected for the pioneer peat harvesting enterprise. These bogs comprise more than 1,600 acres.
 Cut off by War
 The Pacific Coast peat market now amounts yearly to approximate ly 250,0O0 bales each of 100 to l20 pounds. Most of this has been com ing from Germany and the Scandi- navian countries, but due to the present European war an additional
The Daily Alaska empire., 1940-03-31
AMERICAN FUR
 LAWS COMPILED

The fur laws of the various States, Canadian Provin es, Alaska and Newfoundland have just been ab- stracted and assembled for publica- ticn by the Bureau of Biological Survey
 Entitled, Abstract of Fur Laws, 1939-40," the leaflet contains infor- nation concerning the seasons for various species, possession and sale regulations. shipment and export regulations, licenses required, and bag limits. It is available to the general public upon request.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1940-03-31

sotems are repaired the entire pole is given three coats of clear wood preservative Paint which has been especially prepared to match the original colors is then applied and final preservative treatment added.
 At new Kasaan the old commun- ity house of Chief Son-i-hat is near ing completion and the restoration of Chief Shakes house at Wran- gell has begun. These unusual buildings, whose only light was from the smoke-hole in the roof and which were unique in their ingenious framing methods and stepped floor levels, will be completed this spring.
 Where obtainable the complete
The Daily Alaska empire., 1940-03-31
Fish or Gold! Argument
 Settled Once

There is sometimes an argument in Alaska.
 Many oldtimers think mining is Alaska's past glory and it's future hope. Others think the fisheries not only have outweighed mining in en- ployment and value but will con- tinue to do so.
 In case the argument waXes too warm, peacemakers might cite the odd case of a combination of the two; a halibut was caught off AL aska several years ago which con- tained few fine flakes of gold in it's intestines. The halibut, caught off Yakutat where gold-bearing black sand has been reported was sold in Prince Rupert, Canada.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1940-03-31
ALASKA PEAT DEVELOPMENT. IS FORECAST
Enoineers for Commercial Concerns Investigate
 Southeast Bogs
By J. M. WYCKOFF U. s. Forest Service

The harvesting of peat TOT conl- mercial purposes is an old, old in- dustry Its use as fuel in Europe dates far back. Steady increase is shown in the use of shredded peat for horticultural purposes, poultry litter, stable bedding and fruit and vegetable packing. Areas Of highly decomposed peat are drained and intensively cultivated.
 The peat bogs of British Colum- bia produce several thousand tons of peat annually, principally for the markets of the United States. In 1888 approximately 65,000 tons of baled peat were imported into the United States from Europe. A number of small peat bogs are found in Washington, Oregon and Cali fornia, and some of these are being worked for commercial production.
 Alaska Bogs Extensive
 The peat bogs of Southeastern Alaska are by far the most exten- sive in the coastal sections of the United States They frequently occur within a few hundred feet of the salt water shore, and single meadows or "muskegs" may cover several thousand acres. Alaska peat is usually acid in reaction. This chemical condition makes the pro- duct highly desirable for use in i'm proving the alkaline agricultural soils of various sections of the Pa cific Northwest and California.
 A sample shipment of one ton of Alaska peat which was sent to Pa cific Coast importers by the For est Service was found to be fully equal ill quality to the European peat.
 Depth Varies
 The depth of the commercial bod- ies of peat in Southeastern Alaska varies from three feet to 20 feet, and scientists say that these deeper deposits represent the accumula tion of vegetable matter by growth and decay over periods of several thou sand years On many areas the growing surface cover of the peat bog is principally dense sphagnum moss, which in its natural and un- decomposed state is of high com- mercial value But the underlying mass of vegetable matter = moss sedges, shrubs, etc, which shows more and more decomposition with
The Daily Alaska empire., 1940-03-31
Seattle's Pioneer Square Totem to be Replaced;
 Natire Carrer Explains

and brought down by enrollee Jim- my Peele of Kasaan from Kina Cove, and will be used for the new pole
 The history of our fathers to- tems is nearly d e d, but now is again being brought to life. Once more our old familiar totem poles will proudly face the world with new war paints. The makers of these old poles have not died in vain May these old poles help bring about prosperity to our people.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1940-03-31
100 Being Restored

Totems were then brought from the abandoned villages to Klawock, Hydaburg, New Kasaan. Saxman and Wrangell Other poles already in Ketchikan and Sitka were in- cluded in this program so that in all more than 100 totems are now being restored.
 The work is done entirely by Ma tives using old-style knives and adzeS. All rot is removed from the poles and new inserts of red cedar placed where required. Large cheeks are then filled and the entire sur face of the pole re-adzed Anthem ticity to the most minute detail is foremost in all work When the
The Daily Alaska empire., 1940-03-31

domestic supply should now be de- veloped.
 Present economic conditions seem to favor Alaska as the source of this supply. Interested parties in Se- attle and San Francisco are study ing all phases of the Alaska situa- tion, with engineers heading up the Investigations on the ground. The present year should sec the es- tablishment of the first peat har- vesting enterprise in the Territory.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1940-03-31
By CHARLES BROWN Head Carver, SaXman Native
 Totem Crew

The Seattle Pioneer Square to- tenn was recently shipped to Sax man for duplication It was trans ported in four sections. The Natives of SaXman Village were chosen to carve the new totem. We cannot beast of extra skill in this line Of work, but we are really going to try to make this our masterpiece.
 The original of the Seattle totem was carved 40 years ago at Tongass Village, but like humans who, when having once lived in Alaska, always return, this totem, having gotten it's feet burned, returns to Alaska where it was born.
 A fine red cedar was located
The Phoenix index., 1940-11-09
Omegas Observe
Achievement Week;
Culminate Study

ATLANTA, GA.-(SNS)-
As a special feature Of its Achieve
ment Week program, Eta Omega
chapter of the Omegi Psi Phi fra
ternity is presenting DR.. w F.. 3
Dubois in lecture at the First
Congregational Church, Sunday,
November 10, p. m. All Omega men
are expected to be present on this
location and the public is cordially
invited to be present to hear this dis
tinguished educator, writer and So
ciologiSt.
Other features of Achievement
Week will be play, Daniel Webster
and the Devil and the annual dance.
The play will be presented at Howe
Hall. Spelman College Friday even-
ing at nine p. m. and the dance
will follow in Taft Hall. The public
program, Sunday at the Congrega-
tional Church, will be the culmina-
ton of a study Of the hospitaliza-
ton facilities for Negroes in At
lanta. The study was done under
the direction of DR.. Ira DeA. Reid
of Atlanta University and represents
in a tangible way an achievement
of Eta Omega Chapter. Social agen-
cies interested in such study may
secure copies by writing DR.. Reid.
'"The Devil and Daniel Webster, ;
by Stephen Vincent Benet, popular
poet and short story writer, is to
te presented by the members of the
Omega Phi Phi Fraternity Frida
The Phoenix index., 1940-11-09

night, at Spelman College i'm
mediately preceding their annual
dance at Taft Hall.
The author. of the play, Stephen
Vincent Benet. is exceedingly
popular in this his own country
because of his s''rlt stories and
most recently because cf his poem,
John Brown. B0dv." His nu-
merous worF5 deal with American
folklore materials which have beef
built up for him a popularity and
appreciation enjoyed by few othe:'
living poets and writer's.
This particular p!aJ shows Dan
iel Webster in the intarnation of
American Freedom. It has humor
and fo.k~lifs woven around Sc
rious theme Ws2.cl is particularly
appropriate 81 all Americans
The Phoenix index., 1940-11-09
ATLANTA, Ga.-(SNS)-

ATLANTA, Ga.-(SNS)-
Although The Painters Palette
has been designed to explain the
subject of color to the layman, it
is an exhibit that should have keen
interest for students ~ ~ri
"The Painters Palette" an edu-
cational exhibit demonstrating the
use of selected miniature paIettes
color charts, colored reproductions,
color printing and photography en-
ployed by artists and professional il
Illustrators is on view in the foyer
of the Atlanta University Library
This is the second exhibit loaned
by the Case Extension Circuit Co
operative during the current year
to the affiliated institutions. Tt is
also the first exhibit to be de-
signed for the Circuit solely on the
basis Of artists methods and tech
niques.
The display contain groups of
landscapes, seascapes. and por-
trait sketches to show the use OF
full range of color. PAINTINGS by
William Glackens, Leon KroIl, and
Paul Cezanne are shown. A color
photograph of Dorothy Maynor,
star of tbs Berkshire Symphonic
Festival is included to show an
excellent example of a limited pa
lette.
The current exhibit has been
designed to show usually in SIM
pie terms the theory and practice
in the handling of color that lie
behind the finished painting or
color reproduction. Actual palette6
with a picture painted by contem-
porary artists in their color choice
and color prints make up the body
Of the illustrative material. Coloi
charts and instructive labelling
have been designed to bring out
the principle matters of theory.
The Phoenix index., 1940-11-09

DETROTT-The above picture taken after
joined
Dickinson qualified CoIored
to fill the created by the death of Judge Sage
Perry w. Republican
stopped McLeods
in
fecting
Mcleod is o n Coored
In the picture reading Congressman
Perry ". Mcleod!
The Phoenix index., 1940-11-09
Educational Exhibit In
Art Displayed AT A. IT,

The last showing will be on No.
Vember IL.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1940-10-14

by the party in power and against a
powerful bureaucracy.
Iowa has a strong Republican
background 1t kicked over the
traces in 1899 and elected a Re
publican State government. 1t even
carried seven out of the nine con-
gressional districts and sent Re-
publicans to the House to represent
them. Senator Gillette, Demo-
crat, was e-elected-but with aid Of
Republican votes after President
Roosevelt's Harry Hopkins had
sought to purge" him, because Of
his stand on the Supreme Court
bill and other measures dear to the
Presidents heart. Since the Civil
War Iowa has cast its votes for Re
publican presidential candidates in
every instance up to 1882. except in
1912, when Woodrow Wilson carried
the State with $4,000 votes to a
combined vote of 100000 for Taft
and Theodore Roosevelt. the Bull
Moose candidate. To swing back to
the G. o. p, therefore, comes with
greater ease for many Iowans than
for voters in some of the other
States. They were rooted long in
Republicanism. and jumped the
fence only in protest against the
hard times which developed in the
Hoover administration
President Roosevelt defeated Mr.
Hoover in 1882 with a margin OF
174,000 votes in Iowa. In 1886. his
margin of victory over ALI NJ. Lam
don was reduced to $4,000 Mr..
Hoover's lead over AL Smith in 1928
was 24l 900. Calvin Coolidge carried
the State in 1924 with a vote of
$4,000 to 272.oOO for the late Sen
ator La Toilette. Progressive, and
100000 for John w. Davis.
The Republicans this year have
control of the State government
and of the local governments In
many instances. This is always a
tremendous advantage in a political
campaign. So the picture presented
in Iowa this year is really very Diff
ferent from that In l936-and the
President Is seeking Q third tarm.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1940-10-14
A. +. |. Efforts 10 Defend
American Way Pledged

Fy the Associated Press.
MOUNT OLIVE, Ill, Oct. IA
President William Green of the
American Federation of Labor said
yesterday members of his organiza-
ton stood ready to work, sacrifice
and fight, If necessary. in defense
of the American way of life
Speaking at memorial services for
the victims of the 1898 riot at Vir-
den, ILL.,, and for the 81 members
of the Progressive Mine Workers of
America who have lost their lives
in interunion mine strife in Illinois
since 1882. he said:
We have helped to make democ-
racy secure by fighting social and
economic injustice and obtaining the
enactment of great body Of So
cial legislation. In these days. when
the forces of hatred, oppression and
dictatorship have engulfed most of
Europe and are making threatening
gestures toward America, we Of the
American Federation of Labor stand
stalwartly in support of our Gov
eminent, ready to work. sacrifice
and fight, if necessary, in defense
of the American way of life"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1940-10-14
Scout Leaders Rescue
Girl al Great Falls

An Alexandria (Va) girl. about
IA, was rescued by two Washington
Scout leaders yesterday when she
slipped into the Potomac River and
was about to be swept over Great
Falls.
Members of the Mclean CVa)
Volunteer Rescue Squad were called
to administer artificial respiration
but by the time they arrived the
girl had been revived and was leaE-
ing with her uncle for Alexandria
None of the names of the persons
involved was obtained by police
A crowd along the bank of the
river saw the unconscious form of
the girl, who APPARENTLY had struck
her head when she slipped on a
wet rock. floating toward the rapids
and watched the two Washington
men plunge into the rocky waters.
They reached her a short distance
above the falls and brought her to
shore administering first aid imme-
diately while onlookers summoned
the rescue squad.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1940-10-14
Air and Naval Bases
In South America
Discussed With u. 5.
Secretary Hull Reveals
Joint Defense Plans
Are Under Way
Wide World Photos.
By GARRETT d. HORNER.

Secretary of State Hull indicated
today that discussions are underway
with Latin American nations looking
toward development Of air and naval
bases around South America for
joint use in defense of the Western
Hemisphere
The Secretary declined comment
on specific reports that Brazil and
Chile have agreed TO lease naval
and air base sites to the United
States.
He said it was rather difficult for
him TO make any statement on the
matter at this time except to say
that exchanges of information rela-
tive to all phases of hemisphere de-
fense-militarv. political and eco
nomic-are taking place.
No Question Of Sovereignty.
Any talks that may be going or
in regard to specific military facili-
ties or methods are in the spirit OF
the Havana conference and 50 in.
volve no question of sovereignty
over areas concerned Mr.. Hull
added.
A resolution adopted by the for
eign ministers Of all the American
republics at Havana July 80 de-
clared that any aggression by a
non American state against one OF
the Americas will be considered as
an act Of aggression against all of
them.
The resolution authorized the
signatory nations 10 proceed to ne
gotiate necessary complementary
agreements among themselves to
organize effective cooperation for
defense and the assistance they are
pledged to give each other in case
of attack.
Presumably the exchanges of in
formation to which Mr.. Hull re-
ferred at his press conference today
have been undertaken with view
to completing the complementary
agreements authorized by the Ha-
vana resolution.
British Leases Pushed.
The Secretary said that the work
of completing arrangements for
lease of air and naval bases on Brit
ish colonies in the Atlantic and
Caribbean. to which this country
acquired rights last month. was
going forward
He said he had not heard of any
obstruction being raised by any one
to any part of the transaction.
Pointing out that drawing up of the
actual leases was a highly technical
and legalistic matter, he said he
understood that the work of con-
structing facilities for American
naval vessels and airplanes at the
sites might be started before the
leases we're signed.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1940-10-14
6O8 Colleges Invited to Join
Opera Appreciation Program
Stor Sends Letters Throughout U. S.;
Schools Here to Study Recordings

Quoted by The Star last year, a
number of colleges and universities
in other parts of the country OBJ
tanned the recordings Of symphonic
masterpieces featured in that pro-
gram for use in their music appre-
citation courses.
Faust" Records Offered.
Meanwhile. The Star today re-
sumed the distribution of the re-
cordings of Charles Gounod S
Faust" the second offering of the
campaign. at the special booths in
the lobby OF The Star Building.
Hundreds Of music lovers visited the
booths Saturday, when these re-
cordings were made available for
the first time.
The recordings of Carmen" the
first release. also will continue 10 be
available at the booths, which are
open each weekday from 8 am to
pm.
The new school program was to
be inaugurated this afternoon with
a broadcast of the Faust record
ings over Station WMAL from 40
to o'clock. In charge Of the pro-
gram is DR.. Edwin N. c. Barnes,
head of the Music Department in
divisions / to 8 of the school system.
The broadcast is the first Of a
new series of weekly programs ar
ranged by Dr.. Barnes to tie in with
a study of the u operas in The
Stars series in the music apprecia-
ton classes OF all junior and senior
high schools,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1940-10-14
Aviation Jobs Increase
4000o in Two Years

The White House announced to-
day that reports from aviation COM
panies showed a 400 per cent in
crease in employment in the avia-
ton manufacturing industry during
the last two years.
The reports. transmitted by Sec
rotary of the Treasury Morgenthau
to President Roosevelt. showed that
wage earners in the vital national
defense industry increased from 28.-
700 in September, 1898. to $4,000 in
September. 1899, and 118,80O in Sep
TENDER, 1910.
Broken down by regions. the re-
port showed employment in avia-
ton plants on the Atlantic Sea-
board jumped from $4,000 in Sep
TENDER, 1888, to $4,000 the follow
ing year and $4,000 last month.
In the % mountain, Central and
Southern States, the employment
was 1900 in September, 1888, in
creasing to $500 in 1889 and 1880
in 1910.
Employment in the three Pacific
States rose from 12500 in Septem-
Der, 1898, to $4,000 in 1889 and ST.
500 last month.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1940-10-14

AS Washington junior and senior
high schools launched an unprece-
dented program Of active particlpa-
ton in The Stars opera appreciation
campaign today. steps were being
taken TO extend the educational ben
efits Of the movement TO schools
throughout the country.
From the Office of The Stars mu-
sic appreciation department. letters
were sent today to 608 colleges and
universities in every section of the
country. inviting them to join in
this effort to create wider field
of enjoyment of operate music.
The letters were directed to the
music departments Of the schools,
and accompanying each was a COL
ored brochure explaining the offer,
under which The Star is making
available to music lovers record
ings of II OF the worlds most be-
loved operas.
Invitations Sent Out.
In It's efforts to offer the oppor-
tunity of enjoying these recordings
to as many people as possible. The
Star is sending similar invitations
to many other educational institu-
tions, including schools Of music,
colleges for women and preparatory
schools for girls, schools of educa-
ton, normal and teacher training
institutions. schools for library
training, schools of art, elocution,
oratory. dramatic art and theology.
1t will be recalled that during the
music appreciation program con-