davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-03-18
Use OF QUALITY
SEEDSREQUESTED
Shaw Tells Farmers Cheapest
Seed To Buy Is Best
That Can Be Found
BY GENE KNIGHT
Assistant Extension Editor
N r.. State CnNora

RALEIGH, March II. -R- DR..
Luther Shaw, plant pathologist OF
the N. c. State College Extension
service, reminded North Carolina
farmers today that the cheapest
seed to buy is the best that can be
found.
Especially is this true this year
when cash crop conditions are still
unsettled, he pointed out. The to.
bacco situation, while not as gloomy
as it was six weeks ago, still re
mains uncertain, and cotton may
not bring any more than it did dur.
ing the past marketing season.
In buying seed now at the begin
ming of the planting season, the
safest from the standpoint of seed.
borne diseases is certified seed.
Supplies of these quality seed are
becoming larger each year as more
farmers go into their production.
Then, too, DR.. Shaw pointed out,
another way to get good stands is
to treat seed for the control of Ger.
tain plant diseases. This has been
found to be one of the most mex,
pensive yet profitable measures a
farmer can adopt.
of this has been the treating of
cotton seed with two per cent
ethyl mercury chloride dust to check
damping off disease. In farm dem
%onstrations conducted owe a period
Of four years in North Carolina,
the average profit from this prac-
tice has been 1882 an acre. Yet
the cost of the treatment averaged
only Is cents an acre.
Cotton is not the only crop that
responds to treating the seed" DR..
Shaw stated. "Similar profits from
treating seed of various field and
horticultural crops, such as sweet
potatoes, cabbage, and small grains,
are being realized yearly by those
farmers taking advantage of the
treatment. Other growers could
make extra returns just as easily"
Another step in combating dis.
eases of field and horticultural crops
is purchasing seed that are free or
as nearly free az possible from dis.
ease-producing organisms.
The State college man pointed out
that a definite movement has been
underway in North Carolina for the
past several years toward the pro-
duction of disease-free seed of agri.
cultural crops.
Largely aiding in this work has
been the North Carolina Crop I'm.
provement association, which spon-
sors and supervises the production
of certified seed.
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-03-18
Home Gardens Stressed
On Lenoir County Farms

KINSTON, March 17.-Home gar
dens will occupy a definite place on
most Lenoir county farms this year.
reports G.. NJ. ~Swicegood, farm
agent of the State College Extension
Service.
Visits over the county during the
past few weeks show more garden
fences and more preparations for
gardens than at any time since
1882" Agent Swicegood said. ct be-
lieve the percentage Of gardens per
farm this year will be higher than
during any yearCq the past twenty
.fiv> IL -
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-03-18
FARMERS IN STATE
PLANTING GARDENS
Numerous Families Are TAX
ing Schaub's Advice Of
Grow Something To Eat

RALEIGH, March II. North
Carolina farm families apparently
are taking the advice of DR.. I. o.
Schaub, director of the State college
extension service, literally this year.
For a long time now, DR.. Schaub
has slipped into his talks before
farmer groups these words: "GroW
something to eat this year." Espe.
cially have these words. been heard
in the last two or three years when
the major cash crops, cotton and to-
bacco, have seemed to be slipping.
Essentially, he was urging a bal.
anced live-at-home program, which
includes food for the family and feed
for the livestock.
One of the first requirements un-
der such a program is a home gar
den, in which each member Of the
family has at least one-tenth acre Of
vegetables.
This year reports from farm
agents Of the extension service indi.
cate that home gardens will be more
numerous and of a wider variet,
than in many years. Constant pro
motion on the part of the agents ap'
parently has done the trick.
Also contributing to a larger gar
den acreage has been the paymen.
of $1.50 by the AAA for home gar.
dens. Any family car ear this
payment by planting at least one
tenth acre of vegetables for eacl
person, although not more than one
acre is required.
To aid in planning and planting
these gardens, the extension service
has issued $4,000 pamphlets describ
ing approved varieties and cultiva
ton practices necessary for earning
the AAA payment. In addition, an
other 5000 copies of the same leaf
let has been printed for the farm
security administration for distribu
ton to rehabilitation clients. Thest
are supplied along with the othe:
garden publications prepared by tn
extension service.
Contests have also been planned
to stimulate further interest in thest
home gardens.
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-03-18
Tobacco Growers In Columbus
Claim AllOtments Are Too Small

been too small, and so they were
trying to get a readjustment.
A ten-year-old little farmer nae
received a crop control check 1oi
about eleven dollars and was trylne
to figure out just what he should
spend it for.
A goodly number of churches
that showed need of repair a Re"
months ago, have been fixed uf
nicely, and the public cemeteries
are being well maintained.
So far we have not seen a singh
strawberry blossom; and our straw
berry-growing friends have told Us
that they are expecting to have q
late crop, if any worth mentioning
Ali the poultry raisers that we
have talked with report that the
are getting plenty Of eggs, and &c
SPARE. The local markets have beer
gorged and the price of eggs IS too
small to encourage the poultry own
ers. hut the purchasers like the
price fine! !.
Cannon balls have been 1ouho ~
LIVINGSTON creek near Delco. Does
history tell anything about a oattie
eve being fought here? A cnaln
supposedly hooked to a cannon at
the bottom of a hole in Livingston
creek, was once found and oerkeo
off nv q team of mules driven by
two men who thought the chain was
hooked to a chest Of horded reasure
sunken there by the old rolhcklns
cut.throat, Blackboard.
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-03-18

that labor isn't good for you, but
why waste it? In most gardens
there will be other things to do.
Your plan should provide for the
whole season. This means in some
cases, two Dr. more crops grown in
the same row. Where several sue
cessive crops of the same vegetable
are desired, there are two methods
of getting them. Either sow at
about the same time early, midsea
son and late varieties, which will
come into yield at different times,
or make several sowings of the
same variety, ten days or two weeks
apart.
Where directions say sow in a
drill, it lean a shallow furroW,
Sowing in hills does not mean in ele'
vations, unless you live in a section
Of heavy rainfall. It means a Sc
ries of spots, evenly spaced, at each
Of which several seeds are own
as contrasted with the continuous
row which is termed a drill. Vine
crops are usually own in hills
and they need room to spread.
Plan your garden so that early
sowings are made at n end, anG
the rows are added in regular order
as planting proceeds, so that the
planted area is always complete
without vacant space. This simpli.
flies cultivation and irrigation.
Remember that to SOW in straight
rows, to thin out properly so you.
plants have room to grow, to cult
vate faithfully so that weeds never
grow, and protect your plants
against insects and diseases-these
four points carefully observed will
make your garden one Of profes
sional quality.
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-03-18
new AAA RULING
FAVORED IN N. c.
Allows Farmers To Cut Weed
Acreage Allotment AS
Much As One-Half

RALEIGH, March 1.-THE new
AAA ruling which allows farmers to
cut their 1910 tobacco acreage allot-
ment as much as one-half without af-
fecting future quotas will receive a
favorable response in North Carolina,
e. Y. Boyd, Of State college, pre-
dicted today.
Because of the present tobacco sur
plus and prospects for relatively low
prices this fall, a large number OF
growers asked the Triple-A to al
low them to cut their acreage and
protect their individual allotments at
the same time.
Under the new provision, if a pro-
Queer grows as much as half Of his
1910 allotment, his allotment for 1871
and later years will be determined
just as though an acreage as large
as the quota had been grown in 1910.
This ruling applies to both flue-cured
and hurley tobacco farms.
Likewise, Floyd explained, if less
than half of the allotment is grown
on any farm in 1910, the quota for
1941 and later years, unless the local
AAA committee determines that no
effort was made to grow tobacco in
1910, will be determined as though
one-half Of the 1910 allotment had
been grown. \ ,
This change recognizes that in
view OF the existing tobacco surplus
and prospects of relatively low
prices, some farmers would prefer
temporarily to plant a smaller acre
age Of tobacco than their allotment
calls for,' the State AAA executive
officer said.
Final estimate Of 1889 production
Of both flue-cured and hurley leaf
has been placed 10 per cent higher
than the estimate made at the time
quotas were first announced. Con-
%sequently, the 1910 quotas Ire fully
10 per cent larger than the quotas
which could have been fixed had
the final crop figures been available
at the time.
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-03-18
MANY C00SEBERRY
BUSHES DESTROYED
State Waging Drive To Pro-
tect S5,O0O,O 900 White
Pine Industry
BY LOUIS H, WILSON
tor N. C. Dept. of Agriculture

E0llOr N. u. DepG. OF AgflcultuFe
RALEIGH, March 17.-R-More
than 233,000 currant and gooseberry
bushes have been destroyed during
the past - months under the super
vision of the state department OF
agriculture which is waging a vigor-
GUS war to protect North Cardinals
S., 000, 900 white pine industry from
the ravages of blister rust.
"Currant and gooseberry bushes
are the intermediate hosts of the
blister rust disease and while the
bushes remain in the pine forests
of the state, the white pine trees
are in constant danger C.. H.
Brannon. chief of the departments
entomology division, explained. "The
spores OR germs of the disease
spread from an infected tree to the
bushes and from the bushes back
to healthy trees. Without currant
and ~goosebeery bushes as interme-
date hosts the disease cannot be
spread.
"Since the bushes are of much
less value than the white pine,
those found within 500 feet of the
trees are being pulled up by the
roots and destroyed"
Today the white pine blister rust
prevention program is being con-
Quoted in Avery, Buncombe, Hay
wood, Mcdowell, Mitchell, Transyl-
vania and Watauga counties with
the cooperation of the United States
bureau of entd biology and plant
quarantine.
During the past year, the federal
government spent $50,469 and the
state department of agriculture gave
$4,000 under the program to protect
the states pine trees.
Actually. workers under the prof.
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-03-18
DRAINAGE SYSTEM |
PROVES VALUABLE
D. D. Wilkinson Helps To
Solve Important Weather
Question On Farm

RALEIGH, March 1.-THE wealth.
err is Question Mark No. / on the
farm, but D.. D. Wilkinson Of Lau.
rinburg in Scotland county is do.
ing more than "just talk about the
weather." H, M. Ellis, agricultural
engineer of the State College eX.
tension service, reported today. Mr..
Wilkinson is using a tile drainage
system to keep his crops from be.
ing drowned out in wet seasons,
Ellis said.
Reporting on a recent trip to
Scotland county, the State college
specialist said a convincing demon.
stration of the value of farm drain
tile was held on Mr.. Wilkinson's
farm.
In the spring of 1888 Mr.. Will.
kinson put in $500 feet of four-inch
drain tile, and filled in three long,
open bitches which had been par
TALLY draining u acres of crop
land" Ellis stated. 1--WE held a re.
suit demonstration on the farm and
a tenant told the group that before
the tile was installed, the open
bitches were carefully maintained.
but still crops were drowned out
in wet seasons. He said that in
the past two years the tile has
been given thorough tests by the
weather, and no damage has been
done to crops"
Mr.. Wilkinson is preparing to in.
stall more drain tile. Ellis was
called upon to survey the farm
OF c. S. Macarthur of L%aurinburg,
who is contemplating the i~nstalla-
ton of drain tile to eliminate wet
spots in a large field.
The agricultural engineer also
told Of interest in farm drainage
systems in nearby Robson county.
Il. B. Ashley of Red Springs had
a drainage system staked by the
college specialist, and D. F. Nc.
kalney of Partition had his drain.
age system checked.
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-03-18
New Cotton Hosiery
May Be Put On Market

WASHINGTON, 6 March 17-LP-
Ultra-Smart designs Of full-fashion.
ed cotton hosiery for wear with
dress shoes may soon be placed on
the market.
The home economics Bureau of
the agriculture department reported
today that, after a years experi-
mentation, it had made and released
to manufacturers designs for Sc types
of full-fashioned hose. Manufacture
ers have indicated that they will
start making several of the designs
for over-the-counter sales in the
near future, the bureau added.
The cotton hosiery was designed
by bureau as part of an effort to
stimulate greater use of cotton, Of
which the nation has a large sur.
plus.
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-03-18
of Interest to North Carolina Farmers 49, as
Farmers Told To Plant
Full Cotton Auotments

SANFORD, March 17.-'Plant
your full cotton acreage allot.
ment this year." Farm Agent j.
r. Kiser is telling Lee county
farmers at the present time.
Likewise, he is urging them
to adopt an adequate program
for controlling the boil weevil,
both pre-square and p~ost.square
poisoning. Realizing that the
price Of molasses, a necessary
ingredient in hopping cotton,
would be higher later on, CO.
operative orders have been
placed for more than twenty 50.
gallon barrels.
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-03-18

ect literally combed "every foot" of
Sc, 800 acres of timber lands in 1889,
destroying more than 233,0 900 cur
rant and gooseberry bushes. In adj
dition, 94,749 acres of trees were
surveyed in planning the 1910 pro.
lection program.
1.-THE value of a white pine bills
ter rust prevention program can
be appreciated by the visitors to
the mountains who have seen thou
sands of lifeless, unsightly chestnut
trees which were destroyed in re-
cent years by the chestnut blight
disease" Brannon said. ut is high
ly possible that blister rust can
wreck the white pine industry as
the blight destroys the chestnut, un-
less continuous prevention projects
are maintained.
"The white pines are valued in
the millions of dollars CONNER
cially; they have an even greater
esthetic value"
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-03-18

the bag or some device for breaking
the fall without bruising.
Place, do not throw, bags of DO.
tatoes on scales. Check to assure
accurate uniform weights.
Provide some type of holding rack
for sewing bags to avoid the usual
pile driving in making bags stand
up to be seWed.
Better preparation for marketing
by washing and drying is a consum.
Ell demand which must be met to
hold u WI against competing
areas.
1t would be desirable to soak in
cold water long enough to lower the
temperature Of heated tubers.
Washed potatoes need to be ade.
quately dried to assure satisfactory
arrival condition.
Blowing with ordinary air blasts
is not sufficient under high humid.
ity conditions. Heated air is prob.
ably the best drying fethod. When
properly balanced, the heating in.
fluence of hot air is offset by the
cooling effect of evaporation SO that
potatoes go into and come out Of
the drier at about the same tenn
perature.
An improved quality product
should attract attention to itself.
Drop the old Mother Hubbard,
dress for the newer trends in pack.
aging with the flash appeal Of the
ultra modern chorus girl.
The leaders Of a procession com.
mand the greatest attention and
reap the highest award. Do YOU
grow potatoes for profit or for exc
%perience and exercise?
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-03-18

While good vegetables will grow
in crooked rows or even if the seed
is b~roadcasted over beds, the work
of %cultivating and caring for the
plants is UNNECESSARILY reduced if
the seed is own in straight rows.
Take the trouble to stretch a line
and mark the row with exactness
it will save hours when the time
comes to push a wheel hoe down the
aisle between them.
Rows running north and south
r best to let sunshine reach the
soil after the plants are well grown.
Distance between the rows may vary
considerably. In small gardens
we'll supplied with plant food, rows
of low-growing crops may be as
close as 6 inches.
The best distance for crops not
exceeding 2 feet in height is Is
inches, which enables you to cult
vate each aisle in one trip with
the wheel hoe.
Time spent in thinking out a gar
den program, deciding what you
want to grow, and then drawing a
plan, will be well repaid by results,
Transferring this plan to your gar
den area is easy, if You proceed
methodically. An evenings thought
may save afternoons of labor; moi
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-03-18
BY JOSEPH S. HUFHAM
'star Correspondent

No, $780, March II. - Within the
MIN le" days we have had occa-
,Mn 70 visit nearly every town,
,oaa,, In Columbus county, and a
Nstns portion of Brunswick.
i,rs aisl'y we noticed things. and
are some short remarks about
abaeoa remember seeing only two
bad so barns being built, and they
lou lsen started last year, and are
0elhs completed.
lo, me- Smallest tobacco al
, co1as We know of was given to
Tea seu man by the name OF
tenth o a. Bolton. He received one
Vas so On acre. He said that he
In s sus to plant that.
q i bn all our travels we saw signs
Of vh; very few forest fires. each
soutro, In had been brought under
NV quickly.
he fire. oahg men had yielded to
had set spel of warm weather and
md 100, uown a stream with rod
We're On their way back they
club. '00oly exhibiting a large
lns a l,ef had been caught burn.
md Was l pile without a permit,
Nsrden cited to court by a fire
s&ip is" tobacco growers we're com.
sAat their allotments had
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-03-18
Purebred Dairy Herds
Are Pushed In Stokes

DANBURY, March II. -
Stokes county farmers, concern
ed over the present tobacco sit
uation, have been taking every
opportunity to establish pure
bred dairy herds on their farms,
reports L. F. Brumfield, coun-
ty agent at large.
The following farmers, falling
in line with the concerted ex.
tension service drive in the
county for more cows, have pur-
chased registered Guernsey ami
mails: w. j. overly, Collins
town, two females; N. C. Gov
ington, King, one male and one
female; and A. L. Ashburn,
Pine Hall. one male.
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-03-18
VANS WHAT AM
ASKED BY WATSON
,..,hle Increase In Produc'
inn Is Expected In North
Carolina This Year

I'll take vans what am" TO
It VIII in 1910, says Lewis P.
n borticulturist of the State
, na9ss'' extension service
fvrs .redicted a sizeable increase In
hs notato production this year,
sNes. eastern North Carolina tobacco
al' nars turning to other crops for a
til nn,amentary source of income.
sappl' tho very best potatoes will
'Vns top prices in 1910; poor
fonlln will not prove to be the
po's'v "ron that tobacco farmers ex-
easn hem to be; low quality goods
pes a,y serve to depress the mar.
St watson declared
recommending that old and new
l,st notato growers start with good
sSes' rbp extension specialist an
sssu sood that the North Carolina
n'u''I Improvement association has
Wv. W. unfinished a new list of certi-
!ls ssed growers. A copy of this
~, ,h4 NAV be inspected in the office
D' any, county farm agent, and it
..ains all the information needed
"oopaint farmers with the source
" certified seed, and the amount of
Il, stock of the various varieties
available. ..;,.hn
.f vou don't buy certified seed
..i nroduce your own plants, which
:. commended. then make arrange
a,rts 10 obtain certified plants"
u.,son advised. Certified plants are
s.n, produced in Fit county for
u, second straight year, and R.. r.
ps,rst.. Pitt county farm agent at
r~,anviIie. will direct growers to this
! srce.
d. Stuart. extension seed spe-
sHs and secretary of the Crop I'M
rr,uent association, will furnish
,athnal information about certi-
fs seed and plants. He may be
rurbed at \, C. State college, Ra-
Leigh.
Watson offered the following 9TH
suggestions to sweet potato grow
ss; Seed potatoes should be treat
dwth Improved Sebecen Bel to de.
soy anv surface-borne disease-pro-
ducing organisms that might be
present on the potato. The new COM
pound should be used according to
directions on the package.
Potatoes should be grown on sands
or sandy loans, and this soil should
be free from potato disease organ
isms. Heavy soils, dark soils, and
rich garden soils produce potatoes
Of poor market quality.
Fertilization Discussed
Commercial fertilizers are neces-
sEy for the economical production
Of sweet potatoes. Stable manure
should be used as a sweet potato
fertilizer in the ridge. Where pota-
Ices are grown for early market on
sandy soils. a 1888 fertilizer, applied
at the rate of 1000 to 1900 pounds
per acre, is recommended. For the
sandy loan soils of the Coastal Plain,
where such varieties as the Porto
Rico and the Nancy Hall are grown
for late harvest, the rate Of appli-
cation of the 3-8-S fertilizer should
De reduced to 600 to 800 pounds per
acre.
For sandy loan soils of the Pied
mont and mountain areas, a 1856
MIXTURE applied at the rate Of 500 to
sO pounds per acre, is recommend
co. Sources of nitrogen should be
~o-lhlrds inorganic and one third
organic.
Pants should be spaced 10 to y
lcnes apart in rows 3 to 8 1-3 feet
'paft. Close spacing reduces the
number Of Jumboes and losses from
sen rot.
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-03-18
SHOULD START PROGRAM

If this years fertilizer program
for bearing peach trees has not been
started, it should be begun right
away, advises c. F. Williams, asso-
ciate horticulturist at State college.
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-03-18
COTTON

Approximately loo, 900 acres will
come under the one-variety cotton
community plan this year, according
to J. A. Shanklin, cotton specialist
of the State college extension service.
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-03-18
LESPEDEZA

North Carolina farmers had Gill;
900 acres in lespedeza last year, with
the acreage expected to show a fur
Their increase this year, says c. B.
Williams, head of the state college
agronomy department.
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-03-18
COTTON ACREAGE

county form agents are advising
S0i'n Carolina farmers to plant
uaF lull cotton acreage allotment
us year. says DR.. I. O. Schaub, di-
..''or OF the state college extension
sfvce.
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-03-18
FINAL DATE

Inc llnal date for filing applica-
~'nS Tor payment under the 1889
@nDEul'ural conservation program is
s..l SV' says E. Y. Floyd, AAA ex-
~'ASe officer at State college.
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-03-18
WOOL PRICES

Wool prices at local farm markets
are around six to eight cents a pound
higher this year than a year ago,
lays L. l.. Case, extension animal
husbandman of State college.
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-03-18

Editors Note: The sugges-
tons given in this article r
Of great value to Wilmington
school children participating i'll
the annual Star-News Garden
contest. Young gardeners r
advised to consider and follow
them i'll preparing and cultivat-
ing their gardens.