davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1940-11-09
The Garden Notebook
Perennial and Shrub Borders
Should Be Cultivated Now

1t is a good plan to give the peren-
NAL and shrub borders a cultivation
at this season of the year. BY
stirring the soil now many small
weeds are killed and the soil is put
into a form where winter freezing
and thawing will pulverize it. If
at the time of cultivation the soil
is pulled up around the crowns of
plants there is less danger. of stand
ing water killing them.
Many gardeners are inclined to
grow a few of the more tender
perennials and then bewail the fact
that they do rot always live through
the winter. If they would take the
trouble to lift and put them into
the cold frame at this season, such
plants are apt to survive without
injury. Some varieties of chrysan-
themums are in this class, although
most of them are hardy enough in
a well-drained situation.
The seeds Of such hardy ANIMALS
as larkspur, cornflower and Cali
fornia poppy may be sown now.
They will make a better growth and
you will have much earlier bloom
from seed sown now than from
spring-sown seed. Any Of the an
nuals listed as hardy in the cata-
logues, and especially those which
Evening star., 1940-11-09

You see, the dogWOod Dark porer
had made a savage attack on one Of
my pink dogwoods. This infection
should really have been noticed the
latter part of June as at that time
the moths are Matched. Neverthe-
less, I cut and scraped away the
dead bark and applied a coat of
white lead. This method has proven
very effective in the past on other
trees. If attention is not paid to
this pest the result will be that your
ornamental will die.
A method of planting trees which
I have used successfully for several
years is based upon thorough prep
aration of the future home of the
specimen. The hole is dug allow
ing large margin both in depth
and in width. Beside mixing ferti-
lizer with plenty of loose soil in the
bottom of the hole, I also fill the
bottom with some gravel and fresh
or decaying plant matter This is
covered by more dirt until the hole
Evening star., 1940-11-09

dian designs seem to be most appro-
pirate
Another method of decoration,
providing the gourds have a very
smooth surface, Is to burn patterns
into them with an electric needle,
stylus used for wood-burning or
even a wire that may be heated
until red hot. Over these patterns,
shellac or wax may be applied. 1t is
well to rub very little wax over
the gourds every few weeks and to
rearrange them so that they may
not always rest on the same side.
There is no end of uses to which
we may put these gourds of many
shapes and sizes. Perhaps the most
common use now is in patio strings.
Ornamental peppers add interest
and a number of seed pods from
other plants may be used with the
gourds. Pine cones make a happy
addition. Do not forget that plain
green gourds add as much 10 a
gourd arrangement as green leaves
do to any flower arrangement.
Do not overlook the value Of
gourds as center pieces for your
Thanksgiving table. One writer
suggests that decorated gourds may
be made into napkin rings, place
card holders and nut and bonbon
baskets"
The same author suggests the use
of gourds in the Christmas wreaths,
using the exquisite Della Robbia tints,
with no red, but only the soft shades
of blue, lavender, green, yellow and
orange.
Gourds which resemble fruit if
painted in the colors we associate
with the respective fruits are
very attractive in baskets or plates.
Combined with the beautiful shades
found in California pottery, striking
effects may be obtained. Some
gourds Of unusual shapes and finish
may be used individually as decor
ative motifs, perhaps placing them
on black blocks or pedestals just as
we sometimes place choice vase.
There are also more practical
uses to which these same gourds
may be put. They make attractive
yarn or twine holders. Cut a small
hole in one side for an entrance and
a few very small ones in the bottom
for drainage and you will have a
clever birdhouse.
With a supply of gourds of diff
ferent shapes and sizes you need
only a fertile imagination to make
no end of clever and useful things
Evening star., 1940-11-09

is about the right depth to receive
the roots. A basin is formed at the
surface to prevent water from run
ming off when it. should go down
to the roots.
1t is a trif1e late to be talking
about peonies, but they can still be
planted up until the ground is
frozen. Be sure the hole in which
you are to plant the root is deep
enough. Mix two or three handfuls
of bone meal with some dirt in the
bottom of the hole Put back some
of the dirt and pack. Dirt should be
firmed around the roots and not
more than an inch of dirt should
cover the eyes, which form the fol-
lowing years bloom stems. Mulch
when the ground is frozen. DO not
forget to cut this years stems close
to the ground. Failure to do this
retards bloom.
OF the many shrubs which nature
provides for the enjoyment of man
kind, the one which gives US the
most pleasure is the SNOWFALL (of the
genus Vibernum). The planting at
my home, some IS bushes forming
screen, was set out about Is years
ago. Year after year, after they
we're definitely established, they have
been a magnificent sight with their
profuse, snowball-like blooms against
background of olivegreen leaves.
This past spring they seemed to be
at their peak. possibly because Of
the height Of the bushes, being over
II feet. This shrub is highly recon-
mended not only for its snowy ap-
pearance in the garden, but also for
its utility as a room decoration.
Evening star., 1940-11-09
Ginkgo a Part
Of Ancient
Family
Very Easy to Grow,
This Distinctive,
Artistic Tree
BY A. c. MCLEAN.

II YOU like the oddities in trees
the Ginkgo certainly merits your
consideration from an artistic as
well as historical point of view.
This tree always has a distinctive
way of growing which sets it apart
from all other trees. Another in
teresting fact about the Ginkgo is
that it belongs to one of the very
old plant families; in fact, it is
one of a group of plants that in
habited the earth many millions
of years ago.
The Ginkgo is the only remain
ing frost-enduring tree of this very
ancient race. 1t has distinctive
fan-shaped leaves, which turn a
beautiful golden color before falling
in the autumn. The tree will even
tually become one of large size.
| Practically all nurserymen have
this tree When selecting one, be
sure to get the male or staminate
form. which will not bear fruit.
for the plum-like fruits are quite
ill-smelling when ripe The tree
should be propagated from cuttings
so that there is no doubt about
securing a male form.
1t is easy to grow Ginkgoes. There
are several varieties, one with
pendulus habit, and another with a
strong-branching conical habit.
This typical form, in the writer's
opinion, is the most desirable, for
it has distinct rather informal
habit of growth which is quite in
teresting:
Ginkgoes are good lawn and street
trees in many locations and they
are particularly effective as speci-
mems on a large lawn. There is a
good avenue of them in the city OF
Washington and they are easily
picked out in most Northern cities.
The trees grow in almost any soil
provided it is not too acid and not
too wet. They will. of course, grow
better in soil of good fertility. While
it may not grow quite so fast as
other trees when young, it will
make up for it later.
Evening star., 1940-11-09
Putting the Garden to Bed
Revives Some Interesting
Notes and Experiments
Report on Results of Crossing
Several Varieties of Iris Is
Somewhat Disappointing
BY ]. STEALEY ELMS.

NOTES A GARDENERS CUFF:
this
of
Perhaps them boomed And much dappont-
of discard slight
dark purple seeding
pup-me Gaudhau This child possibilities nothing
purple self large will
keep it mainly to breeder
This interesting side OF flower production OF
attempted
results couple
good time to clean iris Get rid
dead which planted from September
If in spring
been heaved reset them
decorate trees?
did fall that think little late the paint JOB
Evening star., 1940-11-09
By FRANCES JONES.

time also time to
with usual everyday arrange
exquisite additions arrangement of three
butterfly dragony the bowl
butterflies from cdrens
picture the striking accessories to the OF
butterfly Pink
lilies pottery bowl distinction with
white coral the lower right side
coral vacation punder" and
another of flowers Will
design satisfactorily See how smart jeweed butterfly
pin part a flower picture.
"A few big chrysanthemum blooms is
particularly wish them
suggestion sbreak off the stems entirely
loveest shallow platter bowl dish few
small sketch above
an enaed dagon OF the many decorative knknacks available
lily pad bowl by OF
a OF mode
Evening star., 1940-11-09

most Objectionable characteristic.
The white pine does better on the
higher elevations. The spruces,
although not native, are probably
more satisfactory than the pines,
but are comparatively short lived
The deodar cedar (Cedrus deodara)
is more graceful tree than either
OF the above, and makes a splendid
specimen, but it is hardly to be
considered as a shade tree.
The magnolia family has two
members worthy of consideration as
shade trees. They are long lived
and are attractive in leaf and in
flower. The native species-cucum-
Der tree Magnolia acuminata), a
rapid grower, is deciduouS. The
flowers are the least attractive in
the family 1t thrives best in a deep
rich, moist soil. The bullbay mag
nolia IN. grandiflora), a stately tall
growing evergreen tree, is slower
growing, but its splendid foliage and
SNOWY flowers make it very desir-
able. The one drawback is that 1t
reaches such large stature as to
dwarf sTlall houses and hence
should rot be planted on a small
lot. Transplant in the spring.
A number of desirable trees have
been omitted from the above list.
WalnutS are splendid trees but their
roots are toxic to many shrubs and
plants. The hickory is we'll
shaped tree, with good growth
habits, although a bit slow, that is
omitted due to the difficulty in
transplanting. A pecan, which is
member of the same family. is more
easily transplanted and where one
plants soft-shelled variety there is
the possibility of a useful crop of
nuts.
The elms, maples-silver and red
and the tulip tree were omitted
from the above discussion because
of their shallow root systems and
messineSs. The Chinese elm CUlmus
parvifolia) does not have these un-
favorable characteristics. The tulip
tree, in addition, is troubled by in
sects and disease.
In the case of fall planted trees
it is important to carefully brace
them as a protection against winter
winds. Evergreen trees may need
to be watered occasionally.
A well-prepared bed will do much
to insure vigorous growth. Humus
and plant food in generous quanti-
ties should be incorporated in the
soil.
Evening star., 1940-11-09

first received box Of them from a
California friend. I am afraid that
the gift was pretty much wasted on
me at the time. Later I saw how
Californians decorated the gourds
and the many charming ways in
which they used them. Since then
I have read considerably more about
them-become "gourd conscious" as
it were.
First of all we must gather the
gourds. Most gourds are better If
left on the vine until after freezing.
This is true Of all the hard-shelled
varieties. The softer varieties, such
as the acorn gourd, should be
brought in before frost Ordinarily
they should be cut with stem an
inch or two long. For wall arrange
ments it is often desirable to cut
them with leaves and a length OF
vine to add to the naturalistic effect
In any case they must be cut and
handled carefully.
After bringing them in, wipe each
one with a dry cloth and either hang
them up or lay them in baskets only
one layer thick. The time allowed
for drying will vary. but when the
seeds rattle you will know that they
are dry enough to go on to the next
step.
My first gourds nodded and
threw them away because I didn't
know what else to do. Later
learned that they might have been
scrubbed with a brush and clear
water and restored to beauty and
usefulness. And, if necessary, when
dry they may be rubbed with pumice
or steel wool. Then they may be
waxed or vanished.
Molding may be prevented by
rubbing the gourds with an anti
septic and then finishing them in
some one Of the suggested manners.
Waxed or vanished gourds are most
interesting. but many prefer to
enamel them in bright colors.
Quick drying enamels are preferred,
and designs may be applied over the
enamel if desired. Mexican and IN
Evening star., 1940-11-09
Select Trees That Will Frame Your House Give 1t Background
Wise to Confine Attention
To Those That Are Native
To This Part of Country
Rapidity of Growth Important
Factor to Be Considered;
Choose Pest.Free Types
Nv w. II. YOUNGMAN.

real estate developments around wahngton
shade They
background for only trees sufcien growth
to shade and appropriate frame e
many flowers planting all excent those
having soft feshy the more leIrev oS
oug spring. and the newly planted trees will start into
growth earlier.
selecting trees could well conhne attention to those
This sTnnad
with beautiful variation
growth sufficient to meet most eed
selecting small lot uidthS
should consider first the size OF the tree giant beautiful
but dwar most houses
Secondly the situation dry or wet? trees such as the elm
thrive moist TIE
maple and chestnut like wel-draned soil ~ ~ ~
rrob
Evening star., 1940-11-09

are better not transplanted, may be
sown in the fall.
Plants exposed to winter winds
seldom make the growth that we
should expect of them. This is par
ticularly true of iris, poppies and
roses. Where space permits, a hedge
or row Of shrubs may be planted
to provide needed protection. Lack
ing such windbreak, one may use
temporary materials such as corn
stalks and pine boughs. A snow
fence" makes very good windbreak,
as it may be placed where needed
in the fall. In the spring it is easily
rolled up and stored away.
Bulb planting can be continued
until the ground freezes, although
there is nothing to be gained by
delay. The exceptions, however, are
the st. Brigid and De Caen
anemones and the dubious irises
They should be put into the ground
very late in the winter or very early
in the spring.
Some of you. no doubt, will have
the urge to SOW the seed Of sweet
peas now. Sweet peas are hardy
enough for this climate and can be
safely planted in the fall. How
ever, they seldom flower very well
because of mildew. If you do plant
them, buy seed of the older and
more vigorous varieties rather than
the newer and less resistant kinds.
The recent issue of the Potomac
Rose Society's news letter contains
list Of the more dependable rose
varieties for this area. One espe-
cially interesting paragraph contains
the names of rose varieties which
may or may not do well, depending
upon the particular situation in
which they are planted.
Some of our evergreenS, particu-
larly the arborvitae, are browning.
This is natures way of removing the
older leaves and tWigs that have
outlived their usefulness. This is
the explanation given by DR.. F. L.
Gambrell, entomologist at the Gen.
eva, New York, Experimental Sta
ton, who has made special study
of evergreens and other ornamental
trees and shrubs.
In the early fall the amount OF
browning may vary considerably in
different years. This condition is
quite natural. 1t is a case of she'd
ding or pruning the older leaves
Fall browning is particularly notice
able on the arborvitae, and may also
be seen on pines in the form OF
browning and shedding of the )
and 4-year-old needles. Occasion
ally, the two-year-old needles fall
but this may be due to some organic
agency, or adverse weather condi-
tions.
A browning of evergreens may
occur in the early spring and again
in the summer. In such cases, sew
eral factors may be involved, some
of which may require care to pre-
vent serious injury. If browning
accurs in late February or early
March, it may be attributed to a
drying out while the soil is still
frozen, and the tree is unable to re-
place the moisture lost by evapor-
alton.
Save your coal and wood ashes
to tighten that heavy clay soil. The
coal ashes are fully as useful as
sand, while the wood ashes add lime
and potash. Spade them into the
upper 6 inches of soil.
Evening star., 1940-11-09
Garden Club Note

Mrs. George Hart will be hostess
to the Chevy Chase, D. c., Garden
Club on Monday, November II, at
1901 Jenifer street. She will be as
sisted by Miss Mary Davis, Mrs. D.
G. Davis, Mrs. Jay Fitzgerald and
Mrs. William Myers. Mr.. B. Y. Nor
rison will lecture on "Cacti."
Evening star., 1940-11-09
Battered Trees

Trees whose branches and leaves
have been whipped off do not look
very attractive just now but you will
be surprised how rapidly they can
recover. Unless you are certain
a tree has been ruined do not cut
it down.
Evening star., 1940-11-09
Gourds Used in Practical
And Decorative WayS
Ry LOUISE HENDEY.

houseceanng is here again thoughts turn more
establishment of the interior of the house than
the planting maintenance of gardens
less successfully gourd
popular perhaps
the gourds for decorative when
Evening star., 1940-11-09
HOllyhOck Care

To protect next years hollyhock
plants, gather all leaves on which
there is rust and destroy. Young
hollhock plants may be moved at
this season.
Evening star., 1940-11-09

Water EverSreens
Evergreens need watering IN the
winter because they are constantly
giving OF moisture from their
leaves.
Evening star., 1940-11-09
Plant Now

Terrariums should be planted
while plants, ferns and moses may
still be dug in the woods and
gardens.
Evening star., 1940-11-09

The sChite ash, graceful, open-headed tree.
eroavs rabidly and is entirely suitable for local
fhyoueh the branches greatly TO the advnnfaee Of
the grass srouUing about the base of the trunk.
Evening star., 1940-11-09

Save your coal and wood ashes
to tighten that heavy clay soil. The
coal ashes are fully as useful as
sand, while the wood ashes add lime
and potash. Spade them into the
upper inches of soil.
Evening star., 1940-11-05
Roosevelt
Continued From First Page)

(COntlnued From FlrSJ PageJ
awaited. All three of the press as
sociations have installed facilities
in Hyde Park house by which the
folks there can keep informed on
developments. In addition, direct
telephone lines have been set up
between the house and Democratic
National Headquarters in New
York.
Displays Confidence.
Temporary executive Offices for
the White House have been set up
in a hotel in Poughkeepsie, 7 miles
south of here.
AS he awaited the decision of the
people as to whether his precedent
shattering drive for third term is
to be successful, MIR. Roosevelt dis
played only confidence in the result.
II await the verdict of the elec-
torate tomorrow" he declared in a
final statement last night, "in full
confidence of vindication OF the
principles and policies on which we
have fought the campaign"
The decision, however 1t is to be
made, will be a dramatic one, shat
tering tradition of $50 years if it
calls upon one man to continue in
the presidency beyond two full
terms, or marking the end of the era
of the New Deal, an eight-year Pc
riod Of more vast experimentation
than ever before has been applied
to the American way of life.
And to whichever candidate the
favor of the electorate eventually
goes, there will be opportunity tin-
paralleled for service to the Nation
Evening star., 1940-11-05
Broadcasts 10 Feature
Marines Anniversary

Celebration of the 165th ami
versary of the United States Marine
Corps will be featured by an inter
national short wave radio program
between various units in far flung
stations Sunday.
Presentation of the program is
scheduled to originate in the Marine
Band Auditorium here. The Blue
Network of the National Broadcast
ing Co. will carry the program to be
heard locally over station WMAL
from 8 pm. to $50 pm. 1t will
include a shortwave radio address
by Col. De Witt Peck, commanding
officer of the Fourth Marines
stationed in Shanghai, China. Mai.
Gen. Thomas Holcomb will speak
from the Marine Barracks here and
read letters from Secretary of the
Navy Knox and Admiral Harold R
Stark, chief of naval operations.
Evening star., 1940-11-05

being a Republican parade, with an
early collection of pro-Democrats,
waiting for the President. AS the
latter group increased the G. o. P.
marchers had increasing difficulty
making their way along. Wrestling
matches over banners broke out
quickly and by the time the Presi-
dent arrived about $50 o'clock an
entire block was massed with people
who may vote one way or the other,
or not at all.
In any event, they liked it when
Mr.. Roosevelt lauded the historic
form of government" in America
and ventured the prediction that
eventually the Germanic and Ital-
ian peoples, with their proud heri-
tage of freedom will return, with
the rest of the world, to self gov
eminent based on free elections"
And to this group, as he had sew
eral times during his 80-mile tour
through four counties in the after
noon, Mr.. Roosevelt brought the
message that Il speak for the last
time-on the eve of an election"
At Beacon. at Newburgh and at
Kingston during the afternoon, he
mad brought this same word.
Last Time" as Candidate.
1T is the last time, very obviously,
that l will do that appear before
a group Of his neighbors) as cam
didate for Office"
Just before he completed his cam
paign last night. the President took
one parting shot at his opposition,
releasing a statement accusing them
of circulating false information with
regard to pensions of public en-
ployes. --.--
The President was informed on
Monday afternoon" his statement
read, that circulars have been given
to State and municipal employees,
stating that a bill pending in Con-
gress would derive them of and en-
danger their pensions as State, mu-
nicipal or county employees. or as
school teachers. This is another un-
ethical and deliberate misrepre-
sentation of fact similar to the last
minute effort in 1886 to scare the
employees as to the validity of their
social insurance.
That failed-this will fail.
THE President states categori-
cally that no Federal law will
threaten or endanger the pensions
of employees of any State or political
subdivisions thereof. This applies
to all States"
Thanks Workers.
Mr.. Roosevelt also took occasion
on this closing night of his historic