davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-11-08
NARROWS
BRIDGE COLLAPSES
Continued From Page One)
distance between the mainland
and the Olympic peninsula.
The wind was blowing at
about IS miles an hour when
the bridge started to disinte-

crate.
Shortly before noon the giant
structures two 1000 : foot ap-
proaches orr either end began to
give way, cracked up in small
pieces and fell.
A 100-foot section was the first
to drop, followed by a weird roar
as the rest of the suspension
cracked and fell into the water.
The entire bridge, except tn e
two 425-foot steel towers S u k
deeply below the water, collapsed.
Since it's opening the bridge had
been nicknamed "Galloping Ger
tie" because of it's strange weav-
ing motion in the wind. Travellers
over the span usually detected the
swaying motion and some report
ed sea Sickness
Engineers repeatedly have tried
to take the sway out of the long
structure. Heavy cables anchored
in concrete blocks at eac.. side of
the narrows snapped as they were
being put into place the first time,
When the center span continued to
swing and buckle, cables again
were installed, but these, too
snapped today.
Gov. Clarence D. Martin who
came to view the wrecked struc-
ture, said it would be rebuilt i'm
mediately.
c. E. Andrew, chief engineer Of
the bridge, said the collapse prob
ably was due to the fact that flat
solid Orders were used on the
sides of the bridge, offering re-
sistance to the wind. He said
originally plans called for open
trusses but that plans we're
changed by another engineer.
The bridges central span was
exceeded in length only by the
Golden Gate bridge in San Fran
cisco and the George Washington
bridge in New York. l
The Nome nugget., 1940-09-30
Fiscal Year Defen (July to July) to
to be spent

The spending of these inn mense sums has not yet really started. This now is the 194l fis- cal year. In the first two months of this year, July and August, the flow of cash out of the Treas ury to cover costs of defense has been at the rate of only $2,000, 100000 for the full year. The August total was about S180, 000,000. The monthly total will need soon to rise to $500,00 900 if the estimated years total is reached. Included in that total is half a billion dollars for sup porting the first contingent of Army to be created through use of conscription.
The Nome nugget., 1940-09-30

Airways, the Governor witness ed at New Caledonia the revolt of the French colony against the Petain Government.
 He was amazed at Canton to note development of the island since his last visit two years ago.
 The rest of the New Zealand Clipper party took the Hong way home" by flying to Australia, Bali, China and the Philippines. The Governor was invited to con tinue on this flight, but returned the way he had come as he did not feel justified in spending any more time so far from Al aSka.
The Nome nugget., 1940-09-30
Saw French Revolt

During his flight to New Zea- land as a guest of Pan American
The Nome nugget., 1940-09-30
CIVIL SERVICE EXAMINATIONS

In connection with the Nation al Defense Program there is an urgent demand for instructors in the air corps technical school of the War Department. An insuffic tent number of eligibles resulted from an examination for filling these positions which closed on August 15, 1940. The United Stat es Civil Service Commission has therefore reannounced an exam ination to fill the following posi- tions:
 Instructor, air corps technical school, $3,800 a year; also assoc fate instructor, $3,200; assistant instructor, $2,600; and junior in- structor, 5000 a year The salar- ies are subject to a retirement deduction of 31a percent.
 Applications will be rated as received at the Washington office the U. S. Civil Service Commis- sion until further notice and cer- tification made as the needs of the service require.
 Separate lists of eligibles will be established in the following optional branches of instruction in the aircraft field: Carburation systems, engines, hydraulic sys- tems, instruments, mechanics, propellors, fabric work, sheet metal work, welding, heat treat ing, parachutes, and Air Corps fundamentals. Employment in these positions is under the Army Air Corps, and vacancies will be filled at Chanute Field Rantoul, H.; Scott Field, Belle vile, H.; and Lowry Field, Der yer, Col. Applicants must have completed at least IA units oi high school study and must have had certain experience as instur6 tor in shop subjects or as shor supervisor.
The Nome nugget., 1940-09-30
COLOR BLINDNESS IN WAR

When military conscription becomes operative, color blind ness will be found in many young men not aware of the de- feet in their vision," Dr. Noble Dick, eye, ear and nose specialist declared. Red cannot be distin- guished from green by one per- son in fifty five; brown is confus ed with green by one in fifty.
 Total color blindness, which eliminates every hue but black and white, is rare, indeed.
 There are some instances of color blindness that may prove of use in war. Certain types of the defect enable the affected per sons to detect camouflaged articl essay guns, ships and ammuni- tion depots-normal eyes cannot see. To deceive these types, new kinds of camouf1age will have to be designed.
 Color vision never has been satisfactorily explained. Color blindness has been known for centuries, but only for about 15O years has it been scientifically studied.
 The defect is easily detected by any one of several tests.
 Color blindness affects 5 per cent of the young men in the world; less than one half of 1 percent of the girls.
 Why this disparity?
 Nobody knows"
The Nome nugget., 1940-09-30
Company A,
 Natn'l Guard, Is Sworn In

Over 80 officers and privates, forming Company A, of the AL aska National Guard, stationed at Juneau were sworn in last week as a unit by Major w. R.. Mulvihill, Adjutant General for the Territory of Alaska. The first National Guard induction was held in the Southeast Alaska Fair Building, thus making the group inducted charter members of the local unit. The proceedings were open to the public.
 Although the affair was ham pered by the incessant dropping of rain on the corrugated roof of the building, thus making speech es by the various dignitaries present, difficult to understand, the impressive ceremonies were run off in clocklike order.
 Following individual inspec- ton of the company, also the Headquarters and Medical De- tachments, Major Jesse E. Gra- ham gave the initial talk of the evening.
The Nome nugget., 1940-09-30

aska National Guard is more or less an historical event. Being charter members, each name on the list will be permanently fil- ed in Washington, D. c.
The Nome nugget., 1940-09-30
Gov CT or Back From Long Trip

Expressing himself as very much impressed with the speed with which the national defense program is getting under way in Alaska, Gov. Ernest Gruening returned to Alaska with a pre- diction that the program would lead the way to ever longer for ward strides by the Territory.
 The Governor consulted at San Francisco with General John L. Dewitt on Alaska defense de- velopments and brought home a firm belief that the present pro- gram will help the Territory in many ways.
 Telephone HOOkup
 One of these, the Governor said, will be a development of Signal Corps communications facilities so that it will soon be possible for Juneau to telephone to Sitka, Anchorage and Fair banks as readily as they now do to Ketchikan and Seattle. All communities with naval or mil itary establishments will be hook ed up by telephone, the Cover nor said.
 The development of commerc- ial aviation and other transport ation facilities will go hand in hand with the national defense work, he said.
 The Governor said that every where in Alaska, the work of the Army is far ahead of schedule. At Annette Island, during three day stop at Ketchikan, Governor Gruening visited the new airbase site and found camp had been established, substantial dock constructed and work begun on the difficult task of draining and filling an airfield.
 Ketchikan Busy
 Ketchlkan is feeling a mark ed quickening" of business as a result of the Army work, just as other Alaska towns adjacent to national defense projects have, the Governor found.
 During his stay in the First City he visited Bell Island for the first time and came away impressed by the possibilities of that resort being developed to more than local proportions. Bell Island, he said, could be expand ed into a really famous resort which would attract vacationers from all over the world.
 National Guard
 The Governor was present at the induction of Company B of the National Guard at Ketchi- kan. He said he was impressed with the fine appearance of the young men enrolled at Ketchi- kan.
 Progress is being made in the effort to have a National Guard air squadron organized in Alas ka, with commercial fliers who know the Territory's terrain te serve as valuable instructors and guides to Army pilots.
 A recommendation has beer made for an Army airfield al Haines, and a field at Nome i: virtually a certainty, the Cover nor said.
 Saw French Revolt Drri,oo bic Hiobt fo Na,1r Zaa
The Nome nugget., 1940-09-30
participation in the last war.

participation in the last war.
 The effect upon business of de defense spending is to be infiu- enced by the timing of the flow of money out of the Government and into the pockets of business men as well as by the character of that spending whether for guns and tanks and armor plate and construction or for wages and clothing and food for sol dierS and sailors.
 The flow of defense dollars, based upon the most careful es- inmates, will-upon the basis of present planS-look like this:
 Fiscal Year Defense Dollars
The Nome nugget., 1940-09-30

You can save 200 by paying six months in advance for your sub- scription to The Nome Nugget.
The Nome nugget., 1940-09-30
Fair Notes

Fairs, aside from their enter tainment and recreational value, are presumed to depict the cul- tural, business and industrial life of the section in which they are held.
 It so happens that Nome and the Seward Peninsula have, prac tically speaking, but one major industry, mining. This is the in- dustry that gives employment to hundreds of people that permits a large number of people to earn large salaries, that contribute vast sums of money to stockhold CTS living in the States as well as to those who are fortunate enough to have had the money with which to back a prospector with pay streak.
 It is to be hoped that those who are directly connected with mining business in the Nome area will have the time and will ingness to contribute materially to the building up of a really representative mining display.
 Those interested can commun icate with Aben Shallit at the local Territorial Assay Office, who is superintendent of the Fairs Mining Division.
The Nome nugget., 1940-09-30
Graham Stresses Loyalty

In part he stressed the fact of loyalty above everything else. "I believe the group of young men before me realize the seriousness of the National Guard" he said ". but above everything else in the Army you must stress Joy alty first, even above the ability to shoot a rife or handle ma chine gun We cannot stress too much loyalty in times like the present"
 Major Graham pointed out that the inauguration of the All
The Nome nugget., 1940-09-30
Record Boom Is Predicted For U. s. A.

United States News" in Its leao- ing article in the issue of Septem Der 6 says in part:
 A boom that will break rec ords lies ahead in American ln- dustry. This boom is assured oy an immense volume of defense orders from abroad and by long range military plans at home. II is underWritten by the uncertain ties that will continue regardless ..ct the course of the war abroad
 The tendency among business men is to regard this Govern ment's armament program as one more flash in the pan. There IS recollection of other spending ventures that caused business boomlets, which then quickly col lapsed. There is a feeling that today's war may end suddenly, to be followed by a rapid loss of interest in American defense. There is skepticism toward the idea that anything Government can do will produce propserity.
 This time there is reason for business to forget its doubts. For one thing, the spending that lies ahead will far exceed any pre- viously attempted by the New Deal. For a second thing, this spending will be greater in total and will be more prolonged than that of the World War period. For another thing, the United States will be forced by circum stances to go through with its vast armament effort whether or not Great Britain is defeated.
 Business Already at Peak
 Business activity today, as measured by the new Federal Re serve index, is higher than in either 1929 or 1887. This is before the start of large-scale defense spending. It is only in small part based upon the filling of British orders. It represents the base up sn which an armament boom wi rest in the years just ahead. That boom will set new produc- tion records. It may set new re- cords of national income.
 Its effects will prevail for at leas. four years and may be pro- longed.
 The full character of the de- fense program, upon which busl- ness recovery is to rest, is only now becoming clear. During the last week, Defense Commissioner William Knudsen and Air Chief H. H. Arnold surveyed one part of the program the expanding aviation industry.
 The entire defense program IS in larger scale than the appro- pria.ions and authorizations vot- ed by Congress suggest. Those appropriations and authorlza- tions, together with other appro- priations now planned total near iy $19,O00,000,000. The cost Of a draft army is not included m that total. Neither is the contln uing cost of maintaining the larg CT Army and Navy, that are in process of being built. Neither IS the replacement cost of airplanes and guns and warships and oth- CT equipment that will be used up.
 When the armament program is analysed and appraised on the basis of plans now drawn, 1t IS discovered that it's cost for the fiscal years l941 through 1946- six years starting July, l94O - will be not S18,000O00,000 but $36, ,6OO,O00,O00. This is total of spending far in excess of any yet attempting in this country's peacetime history. It is in addi- tion to all of the other forms of government spending. Its total spread over six years is twice the total expenditures that were concentrated on national defense in the two years of American
The Nome nugget., 1940-09-30

One of the most popular Divi- sions of the Fair is amateur nov ies. Included for the first time in the 1888 Fair, and repeated in 1889 it became increasingly ap- parent that a larger room was needed in order to accommodate the throngs of people interested in this form of entertainment. This year the ball room on the main floor of the Fair Building will be used for this feature. Am ateur movies will be shown two nights, Thursday and Friday.
 Mrs. Chas. Clasby is superin- tendent of this Division & those of our amateur movie addicts who desire to participate can do so by getting in touch with Mrs. Clasby.
The Nome nugget., 1940-09-30

For the benefit of our window box gardeners - here is your chance to win blue ribbon to contrast nicely with petunias, or red one to match your geran- iums. In the Flower Division, rib bon awards will be made for potted plants and cut flowers of every variety and cash prize for the best assortment of Alaska grown flowers. Mrs. Amer Ry- deen is in charge of this Divi- sion, so contact her and enter your prize plants.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1940-09-14
Health Workers Will
Meet In Detroit

The seth Annual Meeting OF the
American Public Health Associa-
lion will he held in Detroit from
October sill. This meeting Will
bring together ihe leaders In pun
lie health ~ the United states. Cam
ada. and Mexico. Special emphasis
viii be put on tho problems o.
public health as they are involved
in the defense program. Special
emphasis will he laid on the con-
troll OF venereal diseases I'm centcre
in which defense industries are
located and in committees sur
rounding encampments.
On Sunday evening. October 6. 4
public meeting Of tho American So
cial Hygiene Association will he
held in the Crystal Ballroom of the
Book Cadillac where venercal dis
case control programs will be dis
cussed by national authorities
Tho meeting OF the American
Public Health Association viii be
preceded by q Health Educate n
Institute which will begin SUNDAY
morning. October 6. and will CON
time through Tuesday morning.
Tho Institute Is planned for health
educators. nurses. and other per-
sons who are responsible for pro-
noting health education in schools
and IN communities.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1940-09-14
PrincInle Ni TnnnIliy nndged
EDITORS MAIL

10 the assistance I was able 10
render senator wagner In conncc-
ton with The amendment 10 the
Military service Act. assuring our
colored citizens at long last OF
equality OF opportunity in entering
The armed forces Of, the UniteI
States. ! was very glad TO partici-
pate In this movemest because Il
has long challenged my interest
The American Negro has never
been fairly treated IN this respect
although the richly patriotic rec
ord 81 all rolored troops when
ever they have been permitted TO
scrve) fully recommends the re-
moval OF all obstacles 10 their en-
listment in all branches OF the de-
tense service. I want you TO know
that shall continue 10 pursue this
objective until II is fully and effec-
lively completed.
THE particular thing. however.
upon which | want TO comment -
lest there be some misunderstaEd-
ing about it's Mr.. Cassey's refer
ence TO my letter early In 1910 to
Father Divine which was publistc i
in the New Ycdk Times. Father III.
vine and I were corresponding
chiefly on the question Of 'cloture'
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1940-09-14


THfRE WAS "a hot time IN tAt senate Of the
uuiud States as' Nondas afternoon when an
nendmcn 1as proposed seeking o. write the pre-
Nisnn 'rcgaliless ~ .acc creed conr' into
Voluntary Enlistment section Of the Conscrip
iion BILL
Waencvcr tYs Question 81 equal opportunity in
,u.Niafe cn -'mcui in the Armed Services Of the
Government afit" or WHEREVER any other question
PROVED n- for 'qli opportunities for colored czfrs
props, ed Nc son Aorn Democratic ana New Deal
msnhes Of Congress gang up against such pro-
pesai-
Th VIZ. c,pt' ally true last Monday when pro-
ponra'- o' the Amendment declared there have bocn
a. mutations thar arc In-Nmfriean. and that tho
colo lsne has been definitely drawn by Arm, Ger-
c,a', nl Navy tlmirlls against cooged non Who
have presented Oh mseivcs for enlistment Senaior
BaNka,ad az Nishema wanted 10 know why The word
-eN was no ulad p part Of The Amendment
Another SogheN Dcmuc4iic-Ncw Deal senator
olgh ~ iifa" va horr ne acro-s The path of tie
tsfts-ou bs saving the amendment would permit
lHrailess ii ilie Hawaiian Islands who arc Aneri-
an citizens hu' may be diseSa to insist on lie
ref ~ Jpa ih, Army
Su1 des,lopmcnl said Democratic New pal
e''tof y ID Of Alabama may seriously cripple TIE
lo rt ih' United Siato0 ii what may be- critical
ail that "thc War Department i OPPOSED 10
IT, senator Hil Of Alabama also said: "No one
~ know of has over charged or has ever found
baf tf War Department CIR any officer acting for the
WA porarnegi has IN ANY way hccn unfair or hes
" any way engaged ir ans Determinations against
arftno ON account ~ fafe color why nut th &
unnecessary amonincr' n tho Bill itself? It woula
-inlTio lnNitc rouhls We would be doing that VIII a,
flo War Department docs noi want done"
TINS immodhiciN 'ei m placing In Tho coz
GRESsloNAL RECORD CORE pondenco from th,
NarS and Wa Irp mcnis 10 the effect that volnn-
ifiv enlisimons on III part OF white men arc hoing
invited and furthc. mat tho only place in the Navy
open TO cclor'd mon Mess mon
Principle OF Equality Dodged
Tho princinle of equality ~ enlistment was metz
culonsly doiged h' each OF tho Southern Democrat
u-New Deal Senators opponents Of the proposed
Amendment senator Hatch of New Mexico NV
Dealer wanted 10 know II The language ~ The no,,
uIe any person docs not include everybody regard.
lets of cfcol or color
lhls lea 20 t'o omuhatic reply that "To
Army has Disseminated against a certain class of
eur riz'nrt ibc colored people. and that coiofeA
"ppicanfs seeking voluntary enlistment are plainly
i"d yna canno enlist In this particular force ho..
,tNs' Non arc co'or'd'. and that The Negro h rot
includcd although he Is an American citizen ara
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1940-09-14
MIR. Willkie Favors The Draft
For Men But Objects To The
Regulation Of Wealth

ISHNIlLE. Ind

RISliNllLE, Ind.
REFU BlICAN Presidential Candidate Wendell Will
k,e went record today being bitterly oppos-
ed 20 any Kind Of regulation Of wealth. let alone iis
party leadership into the fight ne launched again Il
the Russell-Ovorion amendment. 10 the selecuyc
SER ice hill. which would Give the nations chief
executive the right 10 take over industrial plants
that were LAYING down homeopathic 10
the rc-armamcnt program
The COP standard bearer in press conference
hold on Tho porch of the house OF North Harrison
street said the Burke Wadsworih bill for soloctyc
service was "The most democratic way Of creating
transcription OF wealth" He pointcdly stated
that the selection Of men for military service was
vastly and Fundamentally different from the pro-
posal 10 take over industrial plants whenever dis
agreement between the owners and operators
Of such establishments and the federal authorities
Many astutc political leaders believe that Mr..
Willklc fen into very clevcry set trap and Is GO
inr to have hard time sQuaring himself with The
working classes. They reason that The bill does nor
call for CONSUMPTION Of wealth but that Mr. Willk'e
conclusive on record as favoring the CONSUMPTION Ct
men but not that OF wealth Or, in other worde,
that he IS rich mans champion
This exposure Of the Willkie brand OF liberalism
and fair play they argue. Is going to cost him the
labor vote and most certainly tho Negro vote when
has very few millionaires and no outstanding COM
mercia plants.
'NTr. Willkie Fa,ors Tho Draft For Men, STORY
1t would virtually throw tho Negroes back into
with Mr. Willkies discourse on the two highly =
troversial points But their chagrin somewhat
overcome when they advised that capital
would take of the situation and that IT was nee
cssary 10 appcase the capitalist in order that the
faithful could he taken care off,
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1940-09-14

10 bring the anil-lynching bill to IN
immediate showdown. I want to he
sure that my Negro constituents in
Michigan fully understand my cx-
act attitude regarding 'cloturc' and
the anti-lynching bill. Therefore.
am taking the liberty Of making
this further statement 10 you.
"As a general rule think II g.
vitality essential 10 preserve full
freedom OF debate in the Senate.
This is particularly important e
we are 20 fully preserve the right :
Of minority groups. Therefore. the
Negro himself has a great interest
in the preservation OF this freedom
OF debate On the other hand. theye
comes a time when freedom Of dc
bate obviously can he abused
through inferminable flibuster.
81 am opposed to the defeat OF
the anti-lynching legislation
through filibuster. The first way
10 break a fllibuster Is 10 hold the
Senate I'm continuous session "a
hours a day until a decision -
reached This primary test has
never been made In connection
with the anii-lynching law. have
repeatedly asked that ~ be made
/ have repeatedly asserted that I
will help maintain quordm
throughout continuous Senate
sessions hours a day--for this
purpose. But whenever this meth