davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1940-12-15
Bi0str0it! Ideal
Gown S2.95

Mary Barron inventor
considered freedom as we'll as flat
terry in designing her biastrait
gowns! Of rayon crepe Tulure,
feminine in every detail, with lots
of lace and dainty embroidery.
Tearose, blue. Sizes 80 to 40.
Marry Barron Slips made on biastrait lines
of Celanese rayon taffeta with swishy
pleated fiounce. In black and white and a
rainbow Of colors. 80 to A. sl95.
Grey Shops, Second Floor
The Phoenix index., 1940-01-06
A. & I. kggies Swing Through
Southwest Circuit This Week
Long Island University Offensive
System Installed by Rollie Bernard;
Tuskegee, Florida Listed as Foes

GREENSBORO, N. G. -CSNS)-
With a tour of the south coming
up this week, the A. and T. Aggies
loom as the mystery basketball
team of the G. I. A. A. circuit. The
tour which begins with the inter-
national cage encounter with Tus-
kegee institute, JANUARY and ends
with Georgia State Teachers Janu-
ary 6, should be a forecast of what
c. I. A. A. opponents should ex-
pect.
Virginia Union university, G.. +.
A. A. leaders last season and my
thical national champions by vir-
tue of victory over the senior
members of Long Island university
in New York last winter. is regard
ing the locals as the leading threat
in their supremacy path.
The AggieS are playing under
a new system installed by Rollie
Bernard and modelled after the
Long Island university style of play.
The system which emphasizes speed
smooth floor work and accurate
shooting from the floor should take
we'll with many of the Aggie play
ers who hail in and about the New
York area. The material which
has reported for practice has not
The Phoenix index., 1940-01-06
Rens Play Crack White
Pros; No Jim-Crow!

friend Chris Huiswold. And durina
the game, at time outs and SO
forth, prominent colored persons
attending were announced over the
microphone and an invitation ex.
tended all to attend the remaining
games of the basketball season.
Even in this lop-sided (racialIy
speaking) town, lessons may be
learned by some as to how mixed
crowds may be handled. The Rens
are not cream puffs either-as
you may well Imagine-and they
fought for every decision just az
any sporting club will do ana
argued with either the white o.
the colored referee as the occasion
arose.
But the attitude of the crowd
was a lesson in craftsmanship
for applause was equally divided
and the Rens got their share OF
the praise just as did the white
home team.
The Phoenix index., 1940-01-06

field to scoring territory. The
II dustrial High line held and
the All-Stars kicked to Industrial
High. Nixon returned five yards
and on the second play fumbled
with Walton of Parker recovering.
Alternating plays by Lee, Robin
son and Lindsey terminated with
a pass from Lee to Lindsey for 10
yards resulting a touchdown. The
try by Lee for the extra point was
no good.
The All-Stars kicked to Indus
trial High with Walker, Nixon and
Wynn trying for A first down
F'umbles by the All-Stars and IN
dust ial brought ar Interchange
of plays that left the scores at
the half 60.
The Tuscaloosa players moved
no closer to the All-Stars goal
line in the first half than the 15-
yard line and never gave a serious
threat. Walker of Tuscaloosa, nev-
ertheless, unleashed pass after
pass to Rhodes, Wynn and Nixon
only to have the All-Stars break
hem up or chase them back SO
for no app eciable gains were
made.
On the All-Stars' kick in the
orening quarter of the second
perioi, Tuscaloosa returned 81
yards. Wynn on the second try
fumbled with Lindsey rushing to
cover the ball for the All-Stars.
P avs by Robinson, Burkes, Mat
thews and Lindsey carried the bill
to the Sin. line where Lee buck
ed center for the touchdown.
Burkes try for the ezra was good
and The All-Stars led 1870.
The Tuscaloosa IndUstri9l High
school took to the air in the final
quarter and moved to the ALL
5 ars 10-ysrd line where the by
was lost after Walker attempted
a PASS on the fourth down. Sod
derwhite of Westfield High spark
ed the play along with Robinson
San5ers Of Immaculate, Cloptcn
of Immaculate to bring the ball
d'wn field to pay dirt where tie
ball was lost after successi
lties for clipping .offsides az d
rcug ing forced q kick.
Tuscaloosa took the ball ard
tried lcng-ranged passes in a
desperate effort to score but failed
to move the ball above the ten
yard line The Al-Stars took the
ball and tried one play as the
The Phoenix index., 1940-01-06

been of the beanpole variety but
composed in the main OF accom-
plished ball handlers. accurate shots
and Stalwart defense men.
Thus far, Bernard has two well
balanced fives. The first squad has
Jack Higgins, one of the high scor-
ers of the league last season, at one
forward. and Co-Capt. Ghost Coles
at the other forward post. At CEN
ter is Nathaniel Bell, star with the
Newark, N. j. "Y'' last season. At
guards are Co-Capt. Sam Roam and
Lefty Evans, two Ohio products.
The other five is made up of
three Newark "Y'' players, Ray.
Lockett, Queen. at forwards and
center, respectively, and Bobby
Jones, all-New Jersey Scholastic
guard for the past two seasons, at
enc guard, and Blue" Farley. sub
stitute last season, at the other.
Other members of the squad who
have been showing up well in prac-
tice include Joe Carvin, Fort Wayne,
Indiana; Clarence Martin. Lynch
burg, Va; Howard Hunter, member
of last years team; Thomas SIM
mons, Grand Rapids. Michigan; Ed
Nance, member Of last years squad
and Roland Pinn, Lynchburg, Va.
The Phoenix index., 1940-01-06
SKIPPER'S SOUTHWEST
GRID SPORT-O-CRApH

For five years, the Coaches and
Officials Association of the
Southwest has sought to have the
ante raised q mere $3.50 per Of
ficial, but on four different occ :
Sions the answer from the confer
ence following their winter meet
ing he's been in the negative. .
Whether college officials are
willing to admit the fact Or not, in
tercollegiate football must pay its
way and the matter of handling
the business affairs of its athletic
department is not one to be done
IN s1ip-shod manner; or carried
out like it was done ten years, five
years (not even one year, ago.
Promotional ingenuity and a will
ipgness to try something new is
what collegiate football needs in
sepia circles more than anything
else. The impost of fixed guaran-
tees to all opponents that play
aw7y from home is already sad
d'ed upon the various schools from
the beginning. There is no way to
evade this expenses. Instead of
haggli~g over a few extra dollars
FIR urderpaid officials, a few new
ideas bearing the earmarks of pro-
motional genius on the part of
the various athletic directors and
athletic councils will be a "shot
in the arm that will cause the
turnetiles to click a merry tune.
When Bishop played Langston
in Fort Worth and Arkansas State
in Texarkana; and when Willy
p'ayed Xavier in Waco and South
ern in Shreveport during the
past season, this in itself revealed
the fact that intercollegiate foot
ball would pay its way and then
some if the attractions are carried
to the more densely populated
centers.
Now that the various Bowl"
games are over, the hardwood
dlibb.ers will take over the spot
light. The loss of .Alphon so Fun
n.y. Pyle, from the 1889 cham
pionship Larigston quintet via
graduation will be felt by the
Sooners although they again loom
as the outfit to beat by any ag-
gregation that hopes to annex the
1910 cage title.
The Phoenix index., 1940-01-06
BY AL WHITE

WASHINGTON (ANP)-Snooty
theater owners and the snobb;sh
D. A. r. may well take lessons
from Chris Heurich, owner of tbs
professional basketball team in this
city. And at the same time, George
Marshall of the Redskins and Clar!;
Griffith of the dilapidated Sena-
tors basketball team should give
ear.
When the world champion Rem
aissance team played the Heurich
Brewers Of the American League
here "Wednesday night, fully one
half of the crowd which packed
the gymnasium was colored-and
they sat where they pleased with
no difficulty from the whites who
attended the same show.
That is the same proposition
which holds in the baseball park
and the football gridiron, it is true
but, the Brewers were playing q
colored team indoors, and to top Il.
off they had two officials, ono
white and other coloreds our old
The Phoenix index., 1940-01-06
AdeIphii
Big Five i
DaZzIes

ATLANTA, Ga.-(SNS)-
The Adelphi Big Five, with four
veteran Purple and Gold sharp
shooters in harness, had a brisk
and effective workout in the More
house gym Saturday morning from
eleven till twelve-thirty o'clock.
Henry (Coot) Warner, high-scor-
ing center; r. Dell johnson, slick
ball-handling forward; Willie Ed
Hill and Emmett (Em) Hill, a pair
of creased bolts of lightning in the
guard slots, are the quartet which,
teamed with Echols, newcomer to
the Gate City and brother of the
MorehouSe alumnus and ex-basket-
ball mainStay, Walter Echols, blis-
tered the boards in the Maroon
air yesterday.
Against q fairly strong cornbina.
lion Hiar:led Dy Charles (Blondy)
6oowell tie quintet named had a
scoring orgy III which not less than
sixty points We're canned. This is
an indication of the potential point
making strength of the team, de-
spite the many general errors com.
mitted. Benny George, William
(BilD Nunnally, and Horace (Bay.
ooo) Anderson, other important
cogs in the machinery, were missing
but Wendell (Woo Wa) Cunning.
ham, in between seasoning process
es with the Clark quintet, will be
on the scene with his old mates
There is likelihood that Samue,
Hink) McMath, another precocious
youngster, may be back for more
seasoning
The Phoenix index., 1940-01-06
Tuskegee
Fiiue Plays
28 Games

TUSKEGEE INSTITUTE, Ala
(SNS)- The Iuskegee Institute
Athletic Association announces the
following schedule for the Mems
Varsity Basketball team for the
Season of 1939-1940:
DATE AND TIME:
Dec. Southern at Scn5-
landville, La.
Dec. 15-16-Louisiana Normal at
Grambling, La.
Dec. 18-Infantry at Tuskegee
Dec. 22-Infantry at Fort Ben
ming, Ga.
Dec. 27-28-Knoxville at Tuske-
gree.
Jan. ga. and T. at Tuskegee.
Jan. 5-State College at Moor-
gomery.
Jan. 6-Morehouse at Atlanta
Georgia.
Jan. g. South Carolina al
Orangeburg
Jan. 9HState College at Fayette-
vile, N. c.
Jan. 1O--A and T. at Greensboro
Jan. l1-North Carolina Sta:e
at Durham.
Jan. 12-Virginia State at Peters.
5urg.
Jan. 13-Hampton Institute a.
hampton.
Jan. 17-18-Florida at Tuskegee
Jan. 19-Talladega at TuSkegeE
Jan. 26-Talladega at Talladega
Jan. 29-LeMoyne at TuSkegee
Fen. CLARK at Tuskegee
Feb. 5-6-Florida A. and M. Co.
-ege at Tallahassee.
Feb. 9-State College at Mont
somery.
Feb. 1O-State College at Tus-
kegee.
Feb. -Morehouse College al
ruskegee.
February %, %, and "a South
ern Conference Basketball Tourna-
ment at Tusxegee.
Alvin j. Nicely, chairman Athletic
committee.
Cleve l.. Abbott, director Of
Athletics.
Edward H. Adams, basketball
coach.
R. S. Darnaby, secretary.
The Phoenix index., 1940-01-06
Athletic
MoguIs In
Assembly

TUSKEGEE INSTITUTE, Ala
(SNS)-The final meeting for the
current season of the Tuskegee IN
Stitute football coaches, officials
and technicians association closed
with dinner at Wayside Inn on
December 80.
Organized sixteen years ago for
the purpose OF reading, discuss
ing and interpreting the football
rules and changes in the rules, the
association has held regular week q.
iy meetings since the date OF Oh
ganization. THESE meetings serve
as a sort of football clinic and
Lhey help to clear up many of the
queSGlonS which arise after eacn
weekend football game.
Members present and those in
vlted to 'Sit IN were intOrMed OF
several OF the proposed chang 's
n the playing code Tor 1940 All
present seemed to favor the ALLOW
.IAe. 1t was 1eIt that the present
rue on the attempted lateral winch
oraVeIS forward beyond the line o.
Scrlmmage should be modItled
oonle 1eIG that some sort or gadget
which WouId more clearly marx
Tie goal line snouId De devised Ior
One benefit OF the paCrons OF the
s,alne. one OF the tecnnlcIanS preJ-
Int Salu he had SUCH device III
4l4Ind winch ne would diagram
t.I40 Senu TO The ruIeS colIIln1GC .e
.or consideration.
Those who attended the meet
-ng ana took part III the uIScuSSlol,
4oIIowlAg lne least were: CleVe l..
-AppotL, organizer and preSloent o.
Vie aSSoclaLlon; William OShields
coward II. Adams, j. julius Flood,
OailleS II. Mccarthy, Ernest L.
-oal4ey, MllIard WooCen, James A..
~o--llSon, A. r.. Bradley, DR.. Eugene
n. Dlpple, Capt. w. j. Love, DR..
ooan w. Chenault, T. M. Camp
DELL, q. w. A. Johnston, Capt.
crank l.. Drye, Henry Harrison,
Nuy Irammeu, Lloyd Isaacs, H. r..
O"Sley, Matthew Woods, Lee H..
0oneS' sgt. John d. Patuon, Luther
heMmons, Richard H. Harris,
capt. ALVIN j. Nicely, and Capt. r
.. Darnaby.
The Phoenix index., 1940-01-06
XAVIER DROPS THRILLER TO PRAIRIE VIEW
Tuslxegee, Florida Await CIAA Cage wiz ards
8 900 See Panthers Halt
In Houston

HOUSTON, Texas -(SNS)-Xavier University of
Louisiana bowed to the inspired onslau"h of the Pra
rie View State College Panthers here Monday to g.
before crowd of 5000. Xaviers spectacular passing
attack, led by Tommy Mills, netted the Xaverites a
total of 256 yards plus Al the ground to amass II
firsts to Prairie Views s.
Prairie Views Hiqhtower nassed eight yards TO
Slider for in the third period Marks converted to
total seven points Xaviers Mills passed 80 yds to Ed
mOnsOn sleeper and scored SIX points. Elliotts
wrenched back prevented conversion Xavier threaten
ed three other times.
The Phoenix index., 1940-01-06
LOOKING AHEAD 81 WEEKS

DALLAS, Texas-(S N S)-The
SportU graph is taking the liberty
of doing a little second guessing
for DR.. E. B. Evans, athletic
manager of Prairie View State
College. kentucky State, Florida
A. and M, Alabama State, and
Xavier represent quartet of
football aggregations out of which
should come at least two nationally
outstanding or ranking elevens
come next Thanksgiving Prairie
View, which finished the last sea-
son tied fo~ the runnerup berth IN
the Southwestern Athletic Con-
ference will be equally as formid-
able next season as this and for
certainty should be the 1910 con-
tenders, or champions. So-o-o-o,
Why not send out feelers in the
wsy of provisional contracts to the
gu" rter of aforementioned col
legs SUBJECT to Prairie Views
choice which will be made the
week following THANKSGIVING. The
team from this quartet with the
most outstanding record could be
selected for the annual New Years
Day classic in Houston and foot
ball fans (yea, 1900 0 or more)
would be on hand to witness
real contest Of national interest
Just a. simple little contract form.
Doc, and give the other team
enough in the matter of percen-
tage to make it attractive; even
compelling. Hospitable Houston
and 1900 fans Count 'em) will
do the rest" Don't even bother to
thank us for this timely tip, Doc.
The Phoenix index., 1940-01-06
TaHadega
In Split
With K. G..

TALLADEGA, Ala.-(SNS)--In
the curtain raiser of the basket
ball season, the Talladega Tor
nadoes pulled away to a victory
over fighting K c. Friday night
at Callahan Gymnasium by a
close score of 24-22. st the very
beginning Dega took the lead and
held this advantage until the
closing minutes of the half when
Knoxville's rally produced a 1912
deadlock closing the first half.
During the second half the score
was tied at three different times
and never was there greater
difference than 4 points during.
the entire game. The high point
and Dab ey fer 'Dega and Farmer
men in the game, we're Tyler and
and Jordon for Knoxville. I
KNOXVILLE TAKES SECOND
GAME
In the second game of the se--
ries played here Saturday after
noon. the Knoxville team fought
its way to a victory over, T. c..
evening up the game count in the
series by a score of 80 to %. The
Ualladega fiaating spirit was
shown throughout the game, but
fle Knoxville team refused to
relinquish the lead captured early
in the game. The count at half
time was K. G. 20, T. C.. IA. The
outstanding point man Of the day
was Jcrdon with total of seven
soals from the floor.
The Phoenix index., 1940-01-06
AN-Stars Win
With 2 M arkers

spectacular plays which came to
naught befoe the greatest COM
bination of high school plf yerS
ever ssembled on football field.
TIE 1870 vco~y chalked UP by
the All-Stars did not lessen the
respect that individual nigh
schools ho,d the rated eleven, but
rather heightened their standing
that such a combination OF re-
peotive players could not score
more than two touchdowns on
them.
Rh des of Tuscaloosa kicked to
the All-Stars with Lee, mighty
fullback of Parker High, return
ing five va DIS. Lee, Burkes and
Lindsey OF Rosedale High school
combine to bring the ball deWp
The Phoenix index., 1940-01-06

The followig excerpt was taken
from release concerning the an
nual winter meeting of the CIAA
held December 1916: NEW FEF
SCALE "The conference took
another progressive step in CO.
nection with football officials by
adopting a graduate scale of fees
for gridiron arbiters. Under the
new pay plan, which becomes ef-
fective with the 1910 season, the
proportionately a better rate than
the other two Officials. although
the total outlay of expenses for
arbiters remain the same for the
various schools.
The changed fees show that the
cost Of four officials will be $48,
SGT, $85 per game for regular, pre-
mott n OF off-c" mpus, and
Tn nksgiving Day games respec-
lively. The scale for the three
groups is:
Regular Games-Referee, SIG;
umpire, $12; headlinesman, $40;
and field judge, $40. Promotion
Games-Referee, $25; umpire, SIS;
head inesman, SIS; and field
judge, $12; Thanksgiving Day
G mes: Referee, $50; umpire, $40;
hea6linesman, $50; and field
judge, SIS.
In order that all officials will
ass me equal responsibility in car
rying out their duties, the scale of
paw in the Southwestern Athletic
conference is equalized; all arbi-
tiers receiving the same stipend.
The Phoenix index., 1940-01-06
Py MARION E. JACKSON

LEGION FIELD, Birmingham
AIa.-The speed and uncanny de-
certion of the combined high
scr ools of Jefferson County was
too much for the mythical state
champion Industrial High school
football team The All-Stars scor-
ed two touchdowlIs to defeat the
stellar prepmen 1870 after a
heroic struggle in which the Tus-
calcosa players tried by land and
air to launch an attack that would
flatt n the power bsLon Gf the ALL
Stars.
The All-Stars were foemen of
first magnitude as were the In
dustrisl High players who thrilled
the spectators repeatedly with their
The Phoenix index., 1940-01-06
Make 1910
Best OF All
BY REV. HUELL j. JACKSON
Pastor Greater Elm Street
Baptist Church

by REV. HUELL j. JAChSON
Pastor Greater Elm Street
Baptist Church
Gene on boys
Show your pep,
Grab your hats
And fall in step.
Head off damage
Cut the cost,
Darn the clamiS,
Prevent all loss
Handle promptly,
Stow with care,
Cartons packed
From waste and wear.
Put it over,
Know you can,
Pull with a purpose,
Every one.
Work like the duce,
Hit the nail
Make 1940
The best of all.
The Phoenix index., 1940-01-06
COl0red Farmers
Flock Cities

WASHINGTON. D. C.-(ANP)-
A recently released survey-report
BIZ the Division of Research of tloe
Works Progress Administration
shows the extent of Negro migra-
lion from rural districts to the
urban centerSo
The Phoenix index., 1940-01-06
6S. ACCUSED OF

AIAAChING g. -YEAR-OLD GIRL
Charlie Dooley. SO, of the rear of
I91 Boulevard. N. E., Monday Was
arrested in an attack On a nine
year-old gill. The girls mother
said her daughter complained of
pains and later told her of a forced
relationship.
The Phoenix index., 1940-01-06
Henry Will Meet Ghn0uly January 4

ST. LOUIS Jan. 1-(CN)-Henry Armstrong will
make the second hometown defense of his weter-
werht title when he meets Joe GhnOuly in 15-
round title bout January A. Promoter Tom Packs an
nOunced Tuesday.
The Phoenix index., 1940-01-06

-.s- rr - -.. n. --~f--- =
.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1940-10-15
UNCLE RAYS CORNER

In 1889. Alexander Mackenzie set
out on a trip which wa to bring him
lasting fame. This Srcttish-born fur
trader was "a years OLD at the time.
He was employed by the Northwest
Co. rival of the Hudson Bay Co.
Mackenzie had beer placed in
charge of trading post on the shore
of Lake Athabasca That lake is
about half way between Hudson Bay
and the Pacific Coast.
From time to time, hunters from
the trading post had come back with
reports of a big river which flowed
out of a lake to the North.
What is that big river?", Mac
kenzie wondered How long is It.
and into what body Of water does
1t flow?"
The manager of tie trading post
wanted to answer those questions, SC
he sent word to cousin to come to
Lake Athabasca. The cousin was
made acting manager and Mac
kenzie then felt free to leave.
With a party Of five white men
and seven Indians, he started North
ward on a June morning The jour-
ney was to take them along the
Slave River to Great Slave Lake
then across the lake
Seven days were used in going
down Slave River. From time to
time they had to shoot past rapids
but the canoes reached Great Slave
Lake safely. One day while on the
river, they had covered distance
Of 60 miles.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1940-10-15

Noun. Rubbish; remains OF
something destroyed, as a build
inn
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1940-10-15
Don't Take
Ny Word for 1t
Debris
BY FRANK COLBY.

Noun. Rubbish; remains OF
something destroyed, as build
ing.
Do not say "DEB-riss."
We have borrowed this word from
the French and have retained the
Gallo spelling and meaning. The
RECOMMENDATIONS in best usage in the
United States. however, are more or
less AngliciZed, although the French
pronunciation may quite properly be
used.
In any event, the final IS" Of
debris must never be sounded.
Correct recommendations:
First choice-deb-REE.
Second choice-DEB-ree.
French-day-BREE.
Capitals indicate syllables to be
accented)
Note: Certain newspaper writer's
are fond of the word "shambles" in
describing the effect of bombs on
buildings. We read, The exposion
reduced the house to shambles."
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1940-10-15

Such usage is entirely erroneous
SHAMELESS does not mean debris
wreckage, rubbish, ruins. The word
means "a slaughter house; a place
for slaughtering animals for meat
If much bloodshed resulted from
the explosion, the scene thereof
could figuratively be described as a
shambles, but not otherwise.
Test your pronOuncing I. @.
For a free pronouncing test, send
stamped t3-cent), self-ad-
dressed envelope to Frank Colby,
care of The Evening Star.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1940-10-15


Norths jump raise may appear a
little unusual, since he had only two
spades. but he could be sure these
two trumps would be ample support
for a suit worth a vulnerable over
call. AS a matter of fact. raise to
game would have been beyond crlti-
cism.
West opened his singleton dia-
mond. and East took the top dia-
monds and led third round for
his partner to ruff. West then led
a heart-and South resisted the i'm
pulse to fnesse.
Regardless of the fate of heart
finesse. South would still need the
club finesse to make his contract.
But if the club fnesse succeeded,
South could obtain heart discard
on dummy fourth club. Therefore,
the game depended on the club
fnesse. and the heart finesSe was
absolutely unnecessary and irrele-
want.
Declarer therefore put up dunn
my's ace of hearts and led the jack
of spades to his own ace. He then
successfully finessed the ten of
clubs. The queen of spades was
overtaken by Souths king and the
spade ten drew the last trump.
Then South finessed the club jack.
He returned to his hand by ruftlng
dummy's last diamond, to take a
third club finesse, and then the club
ace furnished a heart discard.
X
Yesterday you played small-slam
contract with no losers in the SIDE
suits, but with the following trump
suit
$50
Dummy.
You
How did you play the trump suit?
Answer-Play the ace or king first,
If only small cards drop, get over
to the dummy and fnesse the jack.
To finesse on the first round will
result in the loss of two trump
tricks if the blank queen is held
on your left.
Score 100 per cent for the recon-
nlended play, nothing Tor any oVhel'
Question No. 57S.
Today you are playing another
small-slam contract. Once again
you have entries to each hand, no
losers in the side suits and the
following trump suit
st
Dummy.
You
A K 10 9
How did you play the trump suit?
(Ansver tomorrow
(Relessed by the Bell Syndicate 1ncD