davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Daily Alaska empire. [volume] (Juneau, Alaska) 1926-1964, 1940-03-31

penetrates several m es into the
shakespeare, the Weather Bureau
will be in position to give pilots
weather information at these high
elevations.
The attention of meteorologists
has also been attracted to the in
vestigation of attitudes which are
much higher than those attained by
Instruments attached to balloons.
Some investigators have called at
tention to the fact that there APP
pears to be a casual relation be-
tween the magnetic storms that oc-
cur in the ionized layers at ele-
yations in the neighborhood of 100
to 200 miles, designated as the Ken
nelly Heayiside and Appleton lay
ers. and the subsequent trend of
the weather at the surface.
Use Made of Data
The radio-Sonde observations fur
nish the pilots indications at which
level the hazard of ice formation
on aircraft is at maximum, the
thickness of various cloud layers, a
measurement a. of the, temperature
precipitation and relative humidity
at all attitudes of the flight, and
the amount of .bumpinesS' at var
ious levels. st "a. .s o4
To the meteorologists it has made
The Daily Alaska empire. [volume] (Juneau, Alaska) 1926-1964, 1940-03-31
THE DAILY ALASKA EMPIRE, MONDAY, MARCH Is, 1910

dio isn't sending MY country" for
very long. 1t gets into other tunes.
Besides being audible TO the OBJ
server on the ground, the sigma h
are recorded by means of a photo
electric cell and electric eye on a
piece of graph paper Marks which
an linked bar makes on the slowly
moving paper show the temperature,
humidity and pressure at frequent
intervals. From these readings, the
observer can compute the altitude
of the balloon by means of a ther-
modynamic diagram
Automotive Static
There are other marks ON the pa
per, too. Strays, they are made by
radio interference from automobile
motors
A coaxial cable is used as a lead
in from the aerial on the Federal
Building roof to the new radio-sonde
instrument room on the fourth floor
The cable is covered with an air.
tight copper sheath and is cushion
ed with nitrogen for insulation pur-
poses. The reason for all this is that
the sending set hanging under the
balloon transmits extremely short
wave and low frequency signals,
which must be picked up on an
aerial Of prescribed length. The lead
ms must not extend the aerial
What does the Weather Bureau
tell from the signals it receives?
The answer is much" Weather men
are looking more and more to the
upper air for information on what
the weather is likely to be tomor-
row or next week If there are
found to be two contrasting zones
of air in layers above Juneau, fol
instance, between them will be a
front" and t h e front is what
makes the weather.
Used i'm Forecasts
Meteorologist Howard j. Thompson
uses the clues from the radio-sondE
observations In making his fore
casts here The balloons are launched
every night except in case of un-
usually adverse weather conditions
which would put the instruments out
of commission The Bureau has
learned it doesn't pay to launch one
of their balloons into a Taku wind
Recently an oblique takeoff re-
suited in balloon becoming entan-
gled in wires between the high school
and grade school a block above the
Federal Building Efforts to dis
engage the equipment failing, Klein
sasser had to shoot the balloon with
a rifle and then put carefully
aimed % bullet into the dangling
instrument in order to silence its
signals SO another could be launched.
The very first radio-sonde in
strument sent up here was recovered
weeks later near Hazelton. B. c., an
airline distance of 1886 miles The
long drift was due to a tandem ar
rangement of small hydrogen bal
Icons being used because the helium
had not arrived Instead of COM
ing down pronto as is the case
when a single large balloon bursts,
the instrument was buoyed on by
still intact small balloons even al
ter some of the group had broken
The Daily Alaska empire. [volume] (Juneau, Alaska) 1926-1964, 1940-03-31
ALASKA BALLOONS PROBE STRAT05pHERE

What MY country It's OF thee,
electric eyes. automobile static, CO.
axial cables, balloons and farmers
daughters have to do with the
weather may be difficult for many
people to understand.
And that's why it's quite a chore
for the staff CT the Juneau U. S.
Weather Bureau office to explain to
the uninitiated just what they have
been up to since last September /.
At that time two radio-sonde ex-
perts, Theodore Kleinsasser and
Carl Russo. joined the local staff.
They unpacked and assembled a
maze OF equipment and then pro-
ceeded to take the measure OF the
upper air, miles above Juneau.
They Tell All
AS simply as they can explain 1t,
this radic-sonde business is as fol-
lows:
A balloon carries aloft instru-
merts to measure temperature,
moisture and air pressure. Through
radio equipment which it also car
ries. signals reporting all these read
ings are sent back to receiving set
in the Weather Bureau office.
Simple. isn't it? But there are
questions you are naturally going to
want to ask, such as how does it
work?9, what's it good for?' and
where do the farmers daughters
come In?" Then the process will
be found to have ramifications.
Here are some of them:
The balloon is m d e of rubber,
is inflated with helium, measures
seven feet in diameter when it is
released and swells to Is feet IN
diameter in the thin stratosphere
befcrts it bursts.
70 Gus Two Pounds
to ..,.,,-te.~crnent which the balloon
varies aloft is encased in foil
covered paper box. 1t has one little
tube to measure temperature tas low
rs 80 degrees centigrade, which we
are assured is pretty cold), simple
aneroid barometer to measure pres
sure. a clothesline-rigged tandem OF
human hairs attached to a register
to gauge humidity, various mechanl-
cal gadgets which transform the ac-
ton of these measuring devices into
electrical impulses and a radio
transmitting set which sends the
signals back to earth.
The balloon, remember, isn't at
tached to the ground in any way
but is a free balloon" entirely on
its own in the upper air.
The whole instrument weighs only
two pounds. The whole instrument,
practically speaking, is lost every
time a balloon is sent up.
Balloons are launched from the
roof OF the Federal Building here
daily, or rather, nightly. The OBJ
servation is made at p. m, SO that
it is simultaneous with similar as
tensions being launched all over
the United States.
Thin Shakespeare
It takes about two hours for the
balloon to go as high as it is going
to GO. which in most cases will be
about Is miles That is a long way
into the stratosphere, which here in
wintertime is from six to seven miles
above the earth AT the equator the
stratosphere is higher, from Is to Is
miles
When the balloon bursts, the in
Ftrument is floated back to earth by
a parachute Here's where We touch
lightly on farmers daughters.
At Oklahoma City, says Kleinsas-
ser, about 80 percent of the instru-
The Daily Alaska empire. [volume] (Juneau, Alaska) 1926-1964, 1940-03-31
COAST GUARD VIG|LANT
In ALASKA; LIGHTHOUSE
SERVICE INDISPENSABLE

The Coast Guard maintains at
the present time four active YES
sells in Alaskan waters: the Haida,
a LIST Glass cruising cutter at Ju-
neat, the Cyane, a 165 foot patrol
beat at Ketchikan; the Nemaha, a
lbs foot patrol boat at Ketchikan,
and the Bonham, 125 foot patrol
boat at Seward.
The present Commander of the
Coast Guard Lighthouse activities
in Alaska is Commander M. J. Ryan,
U. S. Coast Guard
The Bonham, sister vessel of
the Morris, relieved the Morris at
Seward. The Nemaha, also of the
same class, both recently re-engined,
relieved the Alert at Ketchikan.
The Spencer, a 1927 foot cutter,
is on neutrality patrol On the At
lantic ocean, leaving Cordova with
out cutter for the time being.
There is a life boat crew and
three life boats stationed at Nome.
The station was destroyed by fire
in 1884 and has not been rebuilt
although plans and estimates have
been made and included in the cur
rent budget each year.
Rescue, Transportation, Patrol
The principal activities of the
Coast Guard vessels in Alaska in
clude rescue of persons and prop
erty from perils of the sea; trans
portation Of sick or injured persons
to and from hospitals; transporta-
ticn of doctors and dentists to out
lying communities; transportation
of government officials in connec-
ton with the duties OF their offices
transportation of u. S. District
Judges and officers of the Court
to hold court in the towns and
villages of the Alaska Peninsula
and Aleutian Islands; law enforce
ment with respect to fur seal, sea
otter, sea lion, walus, whale, hall
but and other fisheries; patrol of
Boring Sea and North Pacific ocean
for prevention of alien fishing in
Alaskan waters.
Aids To Navigation
Until June 80, 1889, aids to ma
rine navigation on the coasts of the
United States including Alaska, Ha-
waiian Islands and Puerto Rico were
The Daily Alaska empire. [volume] (Juneau, Alaska) 1926-1964, 1940-03-31

bordering the Pacific Ocean.
The value of the radiobeam to
navigation in waters off the Alaskan
Coast was early recognized and nine
radiobeacons have been established
and are now being maintained.
Progress in Decade
The following table shows the
progress made during the last ten
years in establishing aids in the
Territory. Figures given are for
June 30 of the respective years.
1929 1884 1899
The Daily Alaska empire. [volume] (Juneau, Alaska) 1926-1964, 1940-03-31

Il The producing gold lodes are
widely distributed through the Ter
rltory, but over two-thirds of the
output comes from lodes in South
east Alaska, where accessibility to
deep-water routes of communication
and other favorable conditions have
permitted the successful mining of
immense tonnages of low-gfade ore.
The Daily Alaska empire. [volume] (Juneau, Alaska) 1926-1964, 1940-03-31

Before coming to Alaska, with the
idea OF securing employment a per-
son should be equipped with round
trip ticket and enough money to
live without employment until he
has proved to his own satisfaction
That Alaska does, or does not, offer
nm congenial or profitable flu
ture.
The Daily Alaska empire. [volume] (Juneau, Alaska) 1926-1964, 1940-03-31

During the last few years the
Lighthouse Service has been en-
gagged on a systematic rebuilding
program, the purpose of which is to
replace frame buildings at Alaska
Light stations which are in poor
condition and of obsolete type with
modern permanent reinforced con-
crete structures. Four stations have
already been completed and repair
of fifth station, Scotch Cap Light
Station, is now under way, scheduled
for completion in the summer of
1910 Similar light stations are be-
ing modernized as to equipment and
living quarters. To promote more
efficient operation and for benefit
Of station personnel, all except two
keeper stations in Alaska are now
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1940-07-29
KEY WEST is ABUILDING!

Proof that our city is awakening to a
building boom of NO small proportions was
provided on the occasion of an inspection
u visit to various sites on which new struc-
lures are abuilding and a gathering of re-
ports on sOCn-t0-be-Started residences and
apartment buildings.
- Ample proof is offered too in the ris-
ing list of building permits on file-tOtals
so far this year that far outreach the totals
for last year and for many a year before
that as far as that goes.
In view of the boom now quite evil
dent, it is highly probable that the short
age of room for our winter tourists next
season may not be anywhere near as acute
as it was feared awhile back. Navy fami-
lies, it had been observed, had taken prac-
tically all of the available homes and
apartments this summer, and, it was gen
orally agreed, that if considerable building
wasn't completed before the end of the
hurricane season, there would be serious
building shortage come next winter.
Numerous new apartment buildings
under construction and a veritable colony
of rev homes both in the city proper and
at the head of the island, will go far to-
wards cffsetting the supply of vacant quar-
tiers exhausted by navy families. And this
all will mean period of municipal and
y vste prosperity during the next winter
season unequalled mere during any like
period Of the last decade.
More than that, it should point the
way Tor still further development as in
vestOrs gain first-hand information on pos
.ibilities here The Citizen sees with those
who look for an era of health, expansion
in our city-an expansion that will put on
increased speed with the advent of fresh
water, a new highway and the strict en-
fcrcement of coming law now on the
books of the city.
Awaiting those stimulants, and in the
meantime, Key West is abuilding. That
condition augurs well for the future.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1940-07-29
EUROPE FACES FAMINE

Europe is faced with q serious food
shortage this coming winter, according to
C. E. Harner, an American press CORE
spondent, who sees a greatly reduced pro-
ductiOn of crops in practically all countries.
Aside from the destruction of grow
ing crops in war areas, several other i'm
portant factors are present to add to the
threat of famine. Millions were withdrawn
from farms during the spring for military
service, and bad weather and floods ham,
pered farm operations in several countries.
1t is estimated that the European grain
crop this year will be less than twO-thirds
Of normal requirements.
Havests of captured nations are like
ly to be seized in large part by Germany,
even if masses of the conquered countries
must live miserably OR starve. Practically
all European nations except France have
had to import grain even in peace time.
They now have no money with which to
buy foreign fOOdstuffs, even if means were
available to transport supplies from over
seas.
While Hitler will doubtless rob the
conquered countries to supply food for
Germany, the desperation of hungry mil
lions in those countries may cause him serl-
Gus trouble England can obtain food from
her dominiOns and from the Americans so
long as she commands the seas.
AS in the last World War, food may
be a most important factor in deciding the
final outcome of the present struggle.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1940-07-29
ORDER FOR CONSTRUCTIVE
GERNNf~E

THE STATE OF FLORIDA-To
Dorothy Dalton ROrk, Pontiac.
Livingston County. Illinois
You are hereby required 10 ap-
pear on the End day Of September.
1910 TO the bill Of complaint for
divorce filed in the Circuit Court 81
the Eleventh Judicial Circuit Of
Florida in and for Monroe County.
in Chancery. in that certain cause
Numbered 7-35D pending in said
Court wherein John II Rork tOther-
wise known as J. n RorkD is
plaintiff and you are defendant.
otherwise the allegations Of the
said bill will he taken as confessed
by you
The Key West Citizen. a news
paper published and 81 general cir
culati0n in Monroe County. Flor
ida, is hereby designated as the
newspaper ia which this order shall
be published once a week for four
consecutive weeks
This 9th day of July. A T. 1919
Circuit Court SeaD
Ross { Sawyer
As Clerk Of the Circuit Court of the
Eleventh Judicial Circuit 81 Flor
ida in and for Monroe County
By Florence Z Sawyer.
Deputy Clerk.
jIy2s: aug5-12-I9-es.l
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1940-07-29
Oil Dots In Desert Bring Rescue
To Three Amateur Prosecutors

81 stopped" Weight said, "and
eraxled under. What / saw told me
we were in a tight spot. The crank
case plug was gone-and with it,
all our oil.
Eve were q miles from a town
I was all in-had been walking since
morning. There was no chance that
another car would come along-per-
haps for days. We hadn't much food
and water left. 1t would be too bad
If we were caught there when the
sun came up.
There was only one chance
had to back-track the oil trail the
leaking pan had made and try to find
the plug before the wind covered
it with sand IL / was lucky, We
might make it to town / had two
extra quarts Of oil along.
at was a real desert road; the
tracks divided every hundred feet
or so and then came together far
Their ahead. ! couldn't remember
which ones I'd taken I started back,
though, spotting the trail with my
fashEght. I'd been using the light
a lot, but the batteries were fresh
when l put them IN, and the light
was still strong enough to keep me
on the trail.
"After following the oil streak
for about a mile, / came to a place
where the oil had poured out in a
big spot. / began hunting every inch
of sand around there and at last
came on the plug. It was half buried
in a nut. / felt as though I'd found
a thousand dollars"
Weight made his way back TO the
car, got the plug in place, and
poured in his spare oil. Stopping
every mile or so to make sure that
the plug was still there, Weight and
his family finally got to their
destination
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1940-07-29
TEACHING GERMANS TO HATE

Polish prisoners are being used extern
sively in Germany for farm work and the
Nazi government takes unusual steps to
prevent the development of friendships be-
tween the prisoners and those for whom
they work.
Two-copies of a book, Death IN Po-
land" are being sent to every community
in the district of Quedlinburg, where cIti-
zens have become too friendly with the
prisoners. The book recOunts in detail al
legged horrors that Germans suffered in
Poland and a reading of the book Is ex-
pected to inculcate hate against the Polish
prisoners.
The Schwartz Kerps, organ of the
Elite Guards, declares that citizens IN the
area are beginning to treat the Poles as
equals, even shaking hands with them. 1t
adds that any one who reads the book viii
take the right attitude toward all Poles,
which is that Poles will always be our
enemies
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1940-07-29

l. What is the shortest dist
ance between Cuba and the Unit
ed States?
2 When viii the next Presi-
dent of the United States be in
augurated?
g. How old is Wendell Will
kie?
4, Where and how long is the
Burma Road? 81
5. What European Govern
ment recently broke off diplo-
matte relations with a South
American republic because of
objections to its government?
g. What United States senator
recently gave a party TO 10000
bows and girls?
T. Name the last French King
and the time Of his reign?
8. What are two defensive
posts maintained al Pearl Har-
Dor. in Hawaii?
g. How does the population of
the u. S. compare with that of
the other republics in this hemi-
sphere
10. When was the British Isles
last successfully invaded
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1940-07-29
THE KEY WEST CITIZEN

WILL always seek the truth and print it
without fear and without favor; never be
afraid to attack wrong or to applaud right;
always fight tor progress; never be the or
gan or the mouthpiece of any person, clique,
faction or class; always do its utmost for. the
public welfare; never tolerate corruption or
injustice; denounce vice and praise virtue.
commend good done by Individual or organ
ization; tolerant of others rights, views and
and not contaminate the reader; never COM
promise with principle.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1940-07-29

A dust covered car, its engine
n knocking, imped into Twenty
Nine Palms, California, with its &C.
cupants the victims Of a freak auto
mobile accident that nearly ended
in disaster.
The driver OF the car, Harold
Weight, OF Pasadena, had gone-into
the Rainbow Canyon section with
his parents to search for mineral
deposits. He drove about 80 miles
ont on a dead end road through
desert country and failed to start
back until after dark.
The road was only a trail and his
car was so heavily loaded that the oil
pan rode on the sand and rocks be-
tween the ruts. After a few miles
the motor began TO knock.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1940-07-29
L EG AL s

IN THE CIRCUIT COURT OF THE
ELEVENTH JUDICIAL CIRCUIT
OF THE STATE OF FLORIDA.
IL AND FOR MONROE COUNTY
II CsHANC4,RY.
Case No. 5-34s
EDWARD SAMUEL JR,
vs. DIVORCE.
ETHEL BUTLER SAMUEL. also
known as ETHEL BUTLER.
Defendant
ORDER OF PUBLICATION
II appearing by the sworn bin
filed in the above stated cause that
Ethel Butler Samuel. also known as
Ethel Butler the defendant therein
named. is a nonresident OF the
State of Florida and resides in
Paris, France, and her residence as
is particularly known TO the plain
tiff Is co Morgan and Gle, IA Place
VenGOme, Paris. France: also Hotel
L0tti, Seven and Nine Rue De
also co L. 5 Consul General. Paris.
France: that said defendant IS
over the age Of twenty-one years.
that there is no person in the
State Of Florida the service Of q
summons in chancery upon whom
would bind said defendant
II is therefore Ordered that said
defendant be and she is hereby re-
quired TO appear TO the bill Of COM
plant filed in said cause on or be-
fore Monday. the End day Of Sep
TENDER. A ID. 1S4o, otherwise the
allega tons Of said bill viii be
taken as confessed by said de-
PENDANT
1t is further ordered that this
order be published once each week
for four consecutive weeks in The
Key West Citizen, a newspaper
published in said county and state.
Done and Ordered this 18th day
of July, a D. 1880
(SEAL) Ross c Sawyer
Clerk Circuit Court
BY (Sd-) Florence E Sawyer.
Deputy Clerk.
(Sd) ALLAN b. CLEARE, JR-,
Solicitor for Plaintiff.
ilrl z 90 %. ann--Io AAn
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1940-07-29
Doris Duke Cromwell. the

Doris Duke Cromwell, the American
tobacco heiress, has offered to take 1900
refugee children and spend $3.50, 600 a
year for their support. The money she
inherited was made in America and Am
erican children Just as destitute as those of
Europe should be the beneficiaries of her
charities, but there is no thrill nor glamour
in commonplace charity. If Key West
family should adopt an orphaned child for
instance it would cause no stir, but if a
child refugee from Europe were brought
here taken into ore of our homes the act
would be talked about, read about and ex-
tolled as an outstanding sacrifice in child
welfare Who are more deserving Of
charity, our own starving children or those
Of other countries?
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1940-07-29

There have been rumOrs that the JEFF
fersOn nickle has been called in by the
United States, but the Treasury depart
ment has emphatically denied that such is
the case. The coin,is still in circulation
and is worth five cents. OF course, if the
Jefferson nickles were retired from cir
culation, those in existence would be worth
much more and highly priced by numis-
MATES.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1940-07-29

If kings can't do wrong, Victor En-
manuel did not tell falsehOOd when he
proclaimed, while | am head of the
House of Savoy, Italy will not take up arms
against France" Maybe he had his fingers
crossed or mOmentarily forgot the exist
ence of one MussOlini. Regardless he has
proved he is not little in stature only.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1940-07-29

Democratic leaders profess no
concern over the reaction of the
country 10 the third term nom
irRtion, declaring that the declara-
tions against Mr. Roosevelt come
from Democrats who have bitter
" opposed his program for years
Pointedly. they say that Senator
Burke, of Nebraska, was rejected
bv the Democratic voters Of Ne
braska in the party primary sew
eral months before he decided to
quit the party. The same obser-
walton. they assert, applies TO
most of those who are now offer
ing their support to the Repub-
hcan ticket In fact, II would not
be surprising If other eonserva-
tive Democratic senators should
decline Il support the Party tick
Ct They have bushwacked the
Presidents program IN the past
| and something Like a @sit-down"
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1940-07-29

1t seems almost unthinkabIe that mil
lions of men, women and children in Eu-
rope should be destroyed to satisfy the
vOraciOus and unsuitable nav of one
single individual. Yet that is taking place
today while civilized nations must help
lessly look on the horror.