davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-11-23
CIO ORGANIZING
 FOR UM0HzAfION
Ford Co.,, Little Steel" Aim Under New
 Leadership
BY WILLIAM H. LAWRENCE United Press Staff Correspondent

BY WILLIAM H. LAWRENCE United Press Staff CorrespOndent)
 Atlantic City, N. J., Nov. 23-CUP) -Pledging cooperation in national defense and opposition to subversive influences, the Congress of Industrial Organizations embarked today upon what its new president. Philip Mur- ray, described as the greatest or ganizational campaign in history"
 Unionization of the Ford Motor Company and little steel" com- prising Bethlehem, Republic, Weir ton and Youngstown Sheet and Tube companies. were described as major objectives.
 Leaders called upon the govern ment to withhold government con- tracts from alleged labor law viola tors. Michael F. Widman. head of the Ford drive, announced that the United Automobile Workers union would be prepared to call strike against Ford soon if the automobile maker wants a strike
 The newly y-elected executive board holds routine session today as Murray takes the leadership from John L. Lewis, who retired because President Roosevelt was reelected.
 Murray's course was clear-exclu- sive attention to an CIO organiza- tional drive to bring its membership to 10,000,000 by 1944-but Lewis fu- ture was the subject of considerable speculation.
 The big, shaggy-haned, bushy- browed first president of the GIG wiped a tear from his eye as he stood before the convention as its leader for the last time, but indi- cated clearly in his valedictory that he was not leaving the national arena.
 This nation in the future must
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-11-23
FESLEE CLAIMS
 HE'S NOT INTERESTED

New Haven, Conn.,, November g = CUP) - Wesley Fessler, All America end at Ohio State Univer- sity 10 years ago. will meet officials of Wesleyan University tomorrow but he insisted today he has not been offered the post of football coach at the college.
 Fessler, an end coach for the Harvard football team, is here for the Yale Harvard game. He said his name was among five or six others being considered for the Wesleyan coaching berth, made va- cant by the resignation of Jack Blott.
 Fessler said he hasn't decided whether to remain at Harvard, or continue his coaching career at a small college.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-11-23
LEFT ONLY ss,sOO

New York, Nov. 23. (UP)-The late Hubert T. Parson. retired presi- dent of the F. w. Woolworth O., who built a l28-room mansion and furnished 1t at a total cost of $9,- 500,000, had only $2,500 when he died last July, 1t was disclosed to- day. His mansion was sold for taxes several years ago. He left no will and letters of administration were issued to his widow, Mrs. Maysie G. Parson.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-11-23
Ex-GovERNEss DEAD

Arlington, Mass. Nov. 23. (UPl- Mrs. Vilhema T. 6acht. 6S. one-time governess of Denmark's royal fam. fly. died yesterday at hospital She was a native of Copenhagen, Dem mark.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-11-23
The Weather

Fair, Cold Today; Sunday Cloudy
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-11-23

tcontinued on Page 9
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-11-23

Continued cn Page 9
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-11-23

Ccontinued on Page D
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-11-23

Final Edition
 Closing Stocks LGte NeuUs FTasht
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1940-05-08
AID FOR farm TENANTS, OWNERS,
SOLUTION TO MIGRANT PROBLEMS

providing for means of refinancine
farm mortgages.
A long term public works program
needed to supplement these measures
would provide a place where "idle
men and idle money could be put to
work with profit for ALL" he con
cluded.
"In the south alone, for example,
thousands of men could find useful
work for more than decade, rebuild.
ing the forests, controlling floods, and
restoring eroded land.
Every penny spent on program
of this kind would be a wise invest
ment in capital assets which have
been wasted shamefully for genera
lions. Every day we permit such
wastage to continue we are creating
new migrants, building new backlog
of poverty"
Wallace was the first witness before
the senate civil liberties committee
as it started a series of hearings to
get background testimony to its in
vestigation of California migratory
farm labor, already concluded.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1940-05-08
Number of Farm
Owners Declining,
Testimony Shows

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS own
ers are becoming fewer while farm
tenants are becoming more numerous
testimony by department of agricul-
ture experts before the Temporary
National Economic Committee April
% showed.
Since 1880 the number Of farm own
ers has declined from 1920 of all
those engaged in agriculture to 31.S%
in 1885, the testimony showed.
In 1880 tenants formed 14.49o of all
persons employed in agriculture while
in 1885 they constituted 1910. These
figures, it was said, do not indicate
the amount of debt owed by those in
the farm owner class.
These tenants and hired hands get
extremely small wages, the testimony
showed. Figures from cotton farms
indicate that the net cash earnings of
hired workers, whether sharecroppers
or wage hands, only occasionally ex-
coed $500 per worker per year.
Even when good for home use and
other privileges are added, the total
annual net income per worker seldom
exceeds $3.50.
In the case of cotton wage hands,
the lowest average cash earnings re-
ported were $65 per worker per year
in the Mississippi Black Belt in 1884
while highest earnings were in 1887
in the Delta areas at SIP per worker
ner year
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1940-05-08
Wallace Objects to
Safeguards for
Family-Sized Farms

N.-(FR)-Though en-
dorsing the general principles of the
Cotton Income Certificate plan, Sec
rotary Wallace sent letter to the
hearing of the house subcommittee
on agriculture Directing to the spe-
cial safeguards provided for family
sized farms.
Wallace, on previous occasions, had
supported the basic principles of the
Income Certificate plan, but this is
the first time that he has either men
toned or objected to the safeguards
set up for family-sized farms. Wal
lace asserted that the "effect of the
scaledown provisions would be to fos-
ter the adoption of less efficient pro-
duction units" He added, "the equit-
able and non-discriminatory device for
this purpose is tax on the things
themselves, namely, high net incomes
and excess profits"
Both Tom Cheek, president of the
Oklahoma Farmers Union, and DR.. M.
F. Dickinson, president of the Arkan-
sas Farmers Union, told the commit
tee that in paying full parity on the
domestical1y consumed portion of the
cotton crop it is necessary to protect
the family-sized farms. Mr.. Cheek
stated that there are 403,257 farm
families who has produced bales or
less on the average for the last 10
years, and another 763,459 producing
not more than 5 bales. Under the
provisions of the Farmers Union Cot
ton Income Certificate bill, S. 2434,
these families would be paid full
parity on their future output"
The bill provides a progressive
scaledown in the value of the income
certificates on that part of farms
which is in excess of
bales. This is done in order to raise
the income of the small farmers and
to prevent them from being forced out
Of commercial production.
DR.. Dickinson pointed out that the
average iacome of sharecroppers in
the south ranges from $37 to $S7
year." If these small farmers re-
ceived parity on only flat percent
age of their output, the same as the
large farmers, their annual incomes
would continue at Observation-Disclosures
evels. No income or excess profits
tax, it was stated, could assure the
'amily-sized farms a reasonable share |
If the domestic market and prevent |
heir elimination.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1940-05-08

Export outlets are more important
in determining hog prices than cattle.
These outlets have been greatly re-
stricted as result of the war, par
ticularly owing to the Allied ban on
U. S. foodstuffs.
Another factor responsible for the
drop in hog prices to the farmers is
the increase in charges for processing
and distributing. The department of
agriculture states that the level of
these charges "has been greater in
the past three years than the average
for the period 1924"
Furthermore lard production re-
turned this year to its pre-drouth aver
age, and with exports curtailed the
price has moved down. Southern pro-
duction of hogs, which increased dur
ing the drouth years, hit an all-time
high in 1899, and with corn produc-
ton increasing as result of hybrid
corn, there is no prospect for any sud
den upturn in hog prices.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1940-05-08
BOSSES ASKED
TO take TIP
FROM LABOR

WASHINGTON.-(FP)-E Employers
of the country were asked to organize
| into strong unions of their own by
Almon E. Roth, president of the San
Francisco employers council, in a
speech delivered to the round table
on industrial relations held by the U.
is. chamber of commerce at its an.
|nual meeting May 1.
when one is engaged in a pressure
game with competitor who is well
organized and financed, so well
equipped with effective weapons, and
who knows where he is going, 1t is
simply good common sense to meet
organization with organization" Roth
said.
Therefore, because we are COM
mitted to collective bargaining and be-
cause collective bargaining is a pres
sure game in which the individual en-
ployer cannot hope to cope successful
ly with the united strength of labor,
San Francisco employers have found
it necessary, in order to maintain a
balance of power, to adopt leaf from
the book of organized labor and estab-
lish their own employers union.
The program of the San Francisco
council, Roth said, includes clearing
house for industrial problems" re-
search, public relations, negotiation
of contracts, Cancellation and adjust
ment of disputes, legislation, and legal
test cases.
Industry wide contracts, he de-
clared, provide the advantage of mas
ter contracts, tend to eliminate low
wages and poor working conditions as
an element of competition between
employers, and makes possible control
Of the "chiseler" among employers.
Operation under a master contract
makes it possible for employers in
given industry to adopt and practice
1ne of labor's own slogans which
reads an injury to one is an injury
70 ALL" Roth asserted.
Usually the most militant anti-union
speaker at the chamber sessions, Roth
his year paid grudging tribute to the
San Francisco unions and declared,
Our 1889 record of contracts nego-
lated and disputes settled by peace
,ul means speaks for itself. San
Francisco is today enjoying high de-
gree of industrial stability"
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1940-05-08
Cheese Monopoly
Prosecuted by ETC

WASHINGTON (FR)-Charging a
combination and conspiracy to control
cheese prices and to monopolize all
sources of supply in the large cheese
area of Monroe, Wis, the federal trade
commission has started prosecution
against five companies. These are
the Borden Co., J. S. Hoffman & Co.
and its subsidiary, Triangle Cheese
Co, and two subsidiaries of National
Dairy, the Kraft-Phenix Cheese Corp,
and Badger-Brodhead Cheese Co.
Borden operates in the territory I'M
der the name of Carl J. Marty & Co..
control of which it acquired in jan
uary 1889. These five firms buy up
the total output of 200 of the $50
cheese factories in the area, produc-
ing swiss, brick, limburger and mum
ster cheese.
The ETC specifically charges the
defendants with:
1. Fixing the price to be paid to
Monroe factories for foreign type
cheese.
g. Holding monthly meetings with
factory representatives to fix and
establish such prices.
8. Holding separate meetings among
themselves prior to gathering with
factory representatives and agreeing
upon maximum prices to be offered
the factories.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1940-05-08
SOCIALIST LABOR
PARTY NAMES
NATL. SLATE

NEW YORK OPP - Adopting a
platform that brands both AFL and
CLIO as agencies of capitalism" the
socialist labor party concluded its
Goth national convention by nominal
ling candidates for the presidency and
vice presidency.
John w. Aiken of Chelsea, Mass,
la former local officer of the Bro. of
Painters Decorators & Paperhangers
(AFL), was chosen for the presiden-
tial race. He was also the party 8
choice in 1886. Aaron M. Orange,
candidate for the New York governor
ship in the last election, was named
for the vice presidency.
1--WE call upon the workers of Amer
lea to organize themselves into inte-
grail socialist industrial unions to en-
force the demand for social owner
ship proclaimed through the ballot"
the platform states. "But we at the
same time caution the workers that
such unions must be organized, for
none now exist.
"The CLIO, ALL and similar organi-
cations are agencies of capitalism for
the reason that they are pledged to
maintain the system of private prop
erty, and structurally they lend them
selves prominently to the further
ing of capitalist interests"
The platform also warned that
american involvement in the Euro
pean war is unacceptable"
Capitalism means war;" the plat
form continued SIT is the capitalist
system itself which must be des-
troyed"
unable to solve the problems at
home, the capitalist class diverts at
tention from it's failures to the an
archy abroad . :. Capitalist democracy
is perishing in its flames. The bel
igerents which boosted the broadcast
liberties have scrapped the conquests
Of centuries of struggle for freedom
overnight.
"Perceptibly America is being
drawn into the bloody vortex. Its ex-
ports have shifted from grain, fruit
and plows to warplanes, guns and
munitions. On this grim traffic is its
prosperity based. :. Under the pre-
text of national defense and to
chorus of declarations for peace, its
statesmen, new deal, old deal, liberal
and conservative alike, grid the nation
FOR it's fateful role"
The convention marked the golden
Jubilee of the party, which was found
ed on it's present basis in 1890. The
party points out that it has never
ndorsed the candidates of another po-
itical party, nor has it ever failed
% run it's own candidates when not
barred by difficult provisions of the
election law"
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1940-05-08
GUILD TO RECONSIDER
THIRD TERM STAND

NEW YORK.-FP)- The interna.
tional executive board of the Ameri-
can Newspaper Guild (CIO), which
third term for Presi-
dent Roosevelt at it's 1889 convention,
voted unanimously on April % that
the guild should re-examine its atti-
tude at the 1910 convention.
A report by Vice Pres. Morris Wat
son cited the administrations action
in budgeting a huge outlay for arma-
ments at the sacrifice of its program
for the unemployed. The convention
will begin July s in Memphis.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1940-05-08
England's Gift to
India: War and
Broken Promises
By SCOTT NEARING
Federated Press)


One of the arguments advanced by
those who favor the continuance of
British rule over India is the danger
that civil war might follow the with
drawal of British military forces.
Rivalries between Moslem and
Christian, between the native princes
and the Indian Natl Congress, among
the princes and among factions in the
congress, are sharp enough to result
in armed conflict. 1t is to save India
from the costs and horrors of war
that the British viceroy continues to
speak the final word in the political
life of sixth of the worlds popula-
ton.
The argument maybe is logical, but
judged in the light of recent events
it is absurd enough. Twice within
a quarter century, India has been in
volved in a major war-both times as
an unwilling partisan in Britain's Eur
opean quarrels.
In 1914, when the people of India
were called upon to mobilize resources
and man power to save the world for
the British Empire, there was pre-
tense that after the war was success
fully concluded India would receive
her share of democracy in the form of
home rule.
In 1910 the British do not even of
fer, let alone fulfill, any such prom
Use. On the contrary the British vice
roy has refused to make any COM
mitments until after the war is over.
Meanwhile India is again at war over
issues that are of no possible con-
Germ to the Indian people.
Why pretend? The 550,0O0,OOO who
live in Europe have a record of war
and rapine running back for a thou
sand years that makes the history
of India read like a peace tract.
1t is the Europeans who conquered
India by force of arms, who hold
India in bondage by the same means,
and who are again dragging the peo-
pie of India into a military quarrel
involving the power-hungry rulers of
Europe.
Whatever their virtues, the govern
ments of Europe are today the best
the most completely prepared
and the most consistently belligerent
of the governments on any other con-
tinent. Europe organized the War of
1914 Europe is busy with new
orgy of destruction and mass murder.
The people of India are interested
in maintaining peace and good order.
The sooner they cut the leading
strings that drag them into Europe's
the sooner will they be pre-
pared to play a part in building a
new, cooperative world center in Eur
asia.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1940-05-08

WASHINGTON. - (FP) = Warming
that the spectacle of thousands OF
families roaming the country in search
of work is sign of serious trouble,
Secretary of Agriculture Henry A.
Wallace laid before the senate civil
liberties committee May suggestions
for meeting the migrant problem.
Wallace suggested that steps be
taken to give effective assistance to
farm tenants who want to become
farm owners and to assist farm own
ers in debt to remain farm owners.
Supplementing these, he said, should
be a long-term public work program
in the over-crowded rural areas. He
expressed the hope that congress in
the near future will consider the ad-
visibility of such a program.
The problems of farm labor, Wal
lace declared, arise directly out of the
wastage of the soil, years of ruinous
farm prices, the disappearance of for
eign markets, unsound systems of ten
ure, an alarming increase in farm ten
ancy, and the rapid development of
large-scale industrialized type of agri-
culture.
More tractors were sold in 1887
alone, he declared, than were in use
on all the farms in the U. S. in 1920.
By 1888 there were about 1,52S,0OO
tractors on American farms, more
than a third of which had been pur-
chased within the last three years.
In one Alabama county, he esti-
mated, in which only eight tractors
were in use six years ago, there were
260 tractors in 1887 and each tractor
pushed from one to five tenant fam
lilies off the land.
In order to meet all the normal re-
quirements of farm production, Wal
lace said, 100000 fewer workers are
needed now than 10 years ago.
He cited a study of the Natl Re-
sources Committee which showed that
in 1886, more than 100000 farm fam
lilies had an average income of less
than $500 a year including all they
grew for themselves.
Gin other words, there were about
100000 persons trying to struggle
along on an average income of about
So a week each, or $40 per family"
he declared
To assist present tenants to become
farm owners, Wallace advocated ex-
pansion, of the tenant loan program
as rapidly as good land at fair prices
becomes available.
Farm owners can and should be as
sisted by a refinancing of excessive
farm mortgage debts which at present
threaten foreclosure and loss of farms
cat present, thousands of Compel
ent, Woodworking farmers, with the
best kind of attitude towards paying
their obligations, are delinquent and
threatened with foreclosure through |
no fault of their own" Wallace told |
the committee.
"Bad weather, farm depression, and
soft credit policies of the 1920's have
placed them in a position where, I'M |
der present law, there would seem to
be no effective means of preventing |
them from being added to the ranks
of the unemployed" he added.
He endorsed legislation introduced |
by Rep. Jones 3D., Tex.) and Sens.
Wheeler d., Mont.), Bankhead 3D.,
Ala.) and LaFollette prog Wis., !
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1940-05-08
Lowers Hog
.Prices-Now 1879
Below Parity

Observation-Disclosures prices
are continuing to run at extremely low
levels, far out of line with cattle
prices. This situation which began
to develop more than year ago has
now become acute.
Compared with the 1924 January
average, the percent more hogs
slaughtered in January this year sold
for 80 percent lower prices, whereas
the 10 percent larger cattle slaugh-
tered sold roughly at z percent high
prices.
By March Is, hog prices dropped
another percent. They are now AZ
percent below parity Though hogs
usually command a higher price per
100 pounds than cattle, this situation
has been sharply reversed.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1940-05-08
WAGNER WARNS AGAINST
REACTIONARIES' ATTACK

NEW YORK OPP = Reactionary
forces are attempting to "scuttle the
liberal program for which labor and
labors friends have fought and bled,"
Sen. Robert F. Wagner 3D., N. "
warned in speech delivered by his
son at the installation of officers of
Local SO, Init. Ladies Garment Work
ers Union (unaffiliated).
Under the guise of exempting
farmers who are already exempt, they
would wreck and demolish the wage
hour law" he said. Under the guise
of clarifying the labor relations act
they would bring back the company
dominated union and turn labor's Mag
ma Charta into a weapon of labor
oppression"
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1940-05-08
WIN BOARD ELECTION

DETROIT OPP The init. Fur
Workers (CIO) won a labor board
election at the Meyer & Stark ug-
gage Co. in Detroit April 25. The vote
was CLIO 102, neither" 5, ALL O,
init. Rep. H. Rothenberg of the fur
workers announces. The CLIO will
now negotiate a contract.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1940-05-08
GOVT OWNERSHIP R. R.

WASHINGTON. - OPP - Govern
ment ownership Of railroads is newt
able, VIM J. Wilgus, prominent en-
gineer, told the American Society OF
Civil Engineers. Wilgus said the rail-
roads are the "key log in our eco
nomic JAM"
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1940-05-08
u. S. c.. of Commerce
Concludes Meeting

WASHINGTON (FP) - Following
adoption of its usual resolutions, ex-
pressing opposition to all the things
union conventions go on record for,
the U. s. chamber of commerce closed
its 28th annual meeting here May 2.
Resolutions approved requested seal
ing down of the income tax and estate
and inheritance taxes, drastic amend
ment of the labor relations act, repeal
of the wage-hour law, passage of the
Walter-Logan bill, and return of relief
to the states.
James S. Kemper, president of the
Lumbermen's Mutual Casualty Co. and
president of the American Motorists
Insurance Co., was elected president.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1940-05-08

S. Parker Friselle says of his AS
ISOLATED Farmers: 81 feel we have
made a splendid contribution to Amer
lean patriotism"
The California vigilantes have GER
tainly thought up few stunts that
the founding fathers overlooked.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1940-05-08

You cannot control what you do moi
own!
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1940-05-08

DEMAND THE UNION LABEL !
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1940-05-08

You cannot control what you do not
oWni