davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-05-09
peep has come from the opera tors. For U. $. shipping is dO- ing It's biggest business since the World War.

peep has come from the opera tors. For U. $. shipping is do- ing It's biggest business since the World War.
 Every vessel laid up by the Neutrality Act now Is busy plying new routes with capacity pay loads, while old. slow, obsolete ships are being sold off for fabulous prices, thereby providing owners with bountiful windfalls to mod ernize their fleets.
 Today 1a1 new ships are being constructed and new orders are being placed every week.
 The prices U. s. ship owners get for their battered old bottoms are eye-popping. Values have in- creased ten.fold since last Sep tember. At that time the average selling prlce-when there was a salc-Was $5 q deadWeight ton. To- day, the average is $50 with the scale continuing to rise ns the war intensifies.
 One company in 1929 acquired for $238, GOO two Shipping Board vessels that had cost the govern- ment $3, 100000 ten years earlier The company spent $il0,000 for new equipment and used the ves- sels steadily for ten years. Last September they had a book value of $l27,000. But q few weeks ago the firm sold the two old hulks for 860000-Which was $732,000 more than the original price.
 So far 188 U. $. merchant ships have been sold abroad since the outbreak of war. Most of these were non subsidized vessels over which the govern ment has no control. Several lines are selling off their old ships and placing orders for fast, modern new ones.
 Meanwhile they are leasing or buying vessels from the U. S. Maritime Commission. The gov ernment has 1l7 World War freighters in its reserve fleet, and when the Commission offered l2 of them for sale by public bids from foreign as well as domestic buyers, the domestic shippers en- tered vigorous protests on the ground of unfair competition. Copyright, 1o40, by United
 Feature Syndicate, Incl
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-05-09

place, the fjords are narrow, easy for the Germans to defend, and difficult for large vessels to man. euVer. Second, tanks and artilelry arc even harder 10 land than troops, 50 the British have no tanks to oppose the heavily armed forces of the Germans.
 Some of these difficulties partially arc being overcome. But for a time, British General Staff officers were so concerned over the problem of landing troops in Norway and doing battle on a large scale, that they argued vigorously against sending a Norwegian expedition.
 It was only the table-pounding of Winston Churchill, who de- handed that an army be sent to Norway immediately, that over ruled the British high command. You are going to hear Q lot of internal political rumbllng in Great Britain over this.
 CAPITAL CHAFF
 Some of the most accurate dep- lomatic information received by the State Department these days comes from the Vatican |. Protests against U. s. recognition of the Vatican. which for a time deluged the State Department, now has dwindled When Can adlan Premier Mackenzie King came to Washington, everyone knew of his call on Secretary Hull. But none knew that he also mos tored out Massachusetts avenue to the home of Farm Secretary of- iicial Dr. Fred Mott. Mott's brother r-in-laW, Arnold Heeney. long served as Mackenzie King secretary .. Henry Wallace's St. Paul speech drew one of the big gest farm crowds in history. After the speech wGs over, folks stood for an hour and e half waiting 10 shake hands with the Secretary of Agriculture.
 BOOM BUSINESS
 Remember those yowls of an- guish from ship owners following the enactment of the Neutrality Act last yoar2 It was going to ruin theml Congress was go- ing 10 have to vote shipping re- lief as soon as 1t convened in January!
 We'll, Congress met and now is nearing It's end, but not n
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-05-09
CENTENARY OF THE STAMP
(Hartford TImes)

The stamp collectors, who have Q word for themselves--philateli elists-- have figured out that this Is the centenary of the introduction of the postage stamp with Q gummed back, permitting 1t to be easily afiiXed to q letter. They credit the invention to one Rowland Hill, an Englishman who offered his country remedy for their dissatisfaction with the somewhat loose and informal oper- alton of the post of that day.
 If they are correct the anniver- sary is worth noting. It has been said that men can live without al- most everything except cooks. They would, however, find 1t difficult to live, in these modern days without the postage stamp or it's equivalent. And q great many who have de- veloped an interesting hobby would find their spare time hanging heavier on their hands than 1t does now when they can collect, sell or "sWop."
 Despite our notions about Amer ican progressiveness, the United States did not immediately adopt the gummed stamp idea. Daniel Wabster tried to convince Congress of it's merits. but it was 1847 before his efforts were successful. Tn the meantime, some postinasters about the country. including one in New York and another in New Haven, became impatient and printed stamps of their own deviSing which were affixed to mall matter sent from their offices. Naturally these bits of paper, which by the way were not gummed, have acquired the valuation that goes with rarity. Anyone fortunate enough to poS- sess specimens of some Of them has q small fortune fin his hands.
 The postoiiice far antedatcd the gummed stamp. It was in existence here before the nation was. Ben. Jamin Franklin, the first colonial
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-05-09


 1. What are the nicknames of An- drew Jackson and Thomas J. Jack son?
 ?. Is the shape of the honeycoinb octagon, heXagon, or pentagon?
 3. Does Great Britain, United States. or Germany hold the offi- cial world speed record for air. planes?
 1. Who was the Republican iioni- inee for President in 1886?
 s. Sound travels fastest in air, wa- ter or iron?
 6. How is the word withe pro- nounced?
 T. Tn which State In the United States did the famous English au- thor, Rudyard Kipling, live for sev- eral years?
 8. Which was the fifth largest U. s. city In population in the lo3o census?
 Q. Complete the proyerb, "When Adam delved and Eve spaii----"?
 10. What Is 6 seat without 8 back called?
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-05-09

The Naval Academy in Annapolis will be 100 years old in l945. Senator David l. Walsh of Massachusetts has just pre- sented resolution in Congress calling for a proper observance of this event. There certainly should be recognition of 100 years of accomplishment Everyone of us is justly proud of the Naval Acad- emy and the rich tradition that has always been it's
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-05-09
Selected Poem
MUNICIPAL MARKET

Violet Alleyn Storey In the New York Sum pity that Van Gogh cannot be here TO match these coors in less mortal paint Fruits, faces vegetables, replete with cheer, Lurid With lie, scornful of lurking taint. More pity DVorak cannot Saunter m; Take out his notebook and eXcitedly Set down the rhythm of this vital dn For still another New World Symphony Or Whitman come to mingle with this crew, And in his sprawling verse, include all these Greek and Italian, Russian, Pole and Jew, Hagging for lettuce lentls, clans cheese Here there is more than food for boiling baking Here is America still in the making
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-05-09
Daily Almanac

Moon sets 10:03 p. m. daylight time).
 Sun rises 5:41 6. m. sets 7:56 D. m. (day- light time).
 All vehicles must be lighted thirty minutes after sunset.
 Bird fife in all its gorgeous display and it splendid voice is in our midst again. One day the forest is silent save for raucotis call of some year round visitor, the bue-jay or crow. The nexk it is alive with mingled whistles, shriii cries, sweet Hits. Bird -solIgS are among the sweetest we know.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-05-09

The Baldwin administration will have two important holes in the state govern ment to plug now The depart ure of Harry Marsh from the Personnel Depart ment is proving difficult to solve because his successor has to satisfy so many re- quirements Therell be just as much diff flculty, we imagine, in naming somebody to the vacancy Professor Saxon will leave in the state cabinet
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-05-09

ton of processes an d inventions used in tn a t production is re- vealed in a doc- ument recently filed in the U. s. district court at New York.
 Tn at docu- ment is a bill Of particulars filed April 26 by the Department of Justice in con- nection with an anti = trust in-
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-05-09

dictment returned a month earlier by 8 federal grand jury, against the Bausch & Lomb Optical Com. pany.
 The indictment accuses Bausch & Lomb of combining with the German firm of Carl zeiss to di- vide markets and maintain prices. on military optical instruments. In the bill of particulars is an agreement made between the two concerns in 1926, slightly modify- ing an earlier compact dated 1921. COMPANY SET UP
 MILITARY DEPARTMENT
 Under this compact, Bausch & Lomb agreed to set up military department under Zeisss guidance. Ziess was to grant U. s. manufact- uring rights under It's patents, and collect royalties on all Bausch & Lomb sales. After stipulating ml- knowledge and mutual access to each others plants, this agreement states:
 Each party shall place at the disposition of the other, inventions in the military line acquired from third party, under the same fav- orable conditions under which 1t itself is making use of them.
 "If Bausch & Lomb should ac- quire patent rights not resulting from the zeiss cooperation but Independent thereirom, from em- ployes of Bausch & Lomb, these patents shall also be at the dis posal of Carl Zeiss.
 "The mutual obligation regard- ing the exchange of military de- signs shall be void whenever the highest home government of one party expressly demands that they be kept in confidence in the in- tcrests of the nation"
 The compact stipulated the mil- itary department set up by Bausch & Lomb was to be responsible solely to the board of directors" U. $. FIRM REFUSED
 TO SELL ABROAD
 Under the agreement, the Amer ican firm was to refuse to sell mui- tary equipment outside of the Uni- ted States without Heisss consent, The bill Of particulars cites numer- ous cases in which 1t charges speci- iic sales were turned down:
 August 23 l039: aircraft height and range finders, and ma rine range finders to the Ministry of Defense, Finland. .t
 March 30, 1858; Stereo height finders, to the British embassy.
 June 8, 1037: airplane machine gun sighting devices to United Aircraft Export Corp, East Hart ford, Conn.
 February 6, 1886: Telemcters, to the military aviation school, Rio de Janeiro.
 Department of Justice investi- gators dug up this agreement In of all places -- the files of the Se- curties and Exchange Commis- sion In Washington, where it had been reposing for many months as Q completely uninspected public document. They stumbled on 1t while making a routine check of SEC files.
 After getting this 1926 agree ment, n subpoena produced the 1921 agreement from Bausch & Lomb's own files.
 BAUSCH AND LOMB
 DEFEND CONTRACT
 Bausch x Lomb defend their contract with zeiss, pointing out that aside from the fact It's patent license from the German manulac- turer is restricted to the United States, the company has deemed 1t for the best interests of all con- cerned to coniine its production of military Instruments for the sole use of the United States government"
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-05-09
A Thought for Today

Charity suifereth long, and is kind; charity envieth not; charity vaunteth not itself, is not puffed up.-I Corinthians 1894.
 Loving kindness is greater than laws; and the charities of life are more than all ceremonies. -Talmus.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-05-09
National Spotlight
BY BRUCE CAPTION Waterbury Democrat Washington
 COrregnondent

Washington, May - A compact under which an American firm making important military devices for the U. s. army and navy was obliged to permit German inspec-
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-05-09
Questions
 and Answers
BY FREDERIC N. KERRY

D ' he9shs1aAAO AAs aA4ses@8
 Enclose a three.cent stamp for reply when addressing any ques- ton of fact or information Co the Waterbury Democrats Service Bu- reau at Washington. Legal and medical advice cannot be given, nor can extended research be un. taken. Be sure all mall Is ad. dressed to The WATERBURY DEMOCRATS SERVICE BU. REAU. 1913 Thirteenth Street, Washington, D. c.
 THE EDITOR.
 Q. Which are the thirteen origi- nal states?
 A. New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia.
 o. When did the names of Bruce and Roberts appear together on one dollar bills?
 A. On one dollar treasury notes of 1891 and one dollar silver certifl- cates of 1896.
 Q. Where are the worlds three largest oil refineries?
 A. The largest is the Lago plant of the Standard oil company of New Jersey, on the island of Aruba, Netherlands, West Indies; capacity, 100000 barrels. Second largest is the plant of the Anglo-Iranian company at Abadan, Iran tPersia); capacity 280000 barrels. Third largest is the Royal Dutch Shell plant at Curacao, Netherlands, West Indies; capacity 100000 barrels.
 Q. What is the highest altitude in Florida?
 A. Iron Mountain, Polk county, 325 feet above sea level.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-05-09
Whats s Your l. O.?

Can you answer seven of these test questions? Turn to last page for the answers.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-05-09
l. Make 1t liberal in tone.

1. Make 1t liberal in tone.
 2. Bear down strong on the New Deals failure to solve the unemployment problem.
 ,. "Go the limit in talking isolatlonism.
 The young MinneSotan was strongly advised to take hls cue from the moderate Glenn Prank Program Committee report He was warned to avoid any Old Guard strictures and to tread lightly on agriculture and relief.
 On these he was counseled 10 follow the Glenn Prank strategy of a left-handed AAA endorsement with administration of unemploy- ment relief by the states Instead of the WPA.
 The jobless problem. Stassen was told, should be tied up with tho $45 900, 100000 national debt and failure to balance the budget by pointing out that although the Democrats had spent billions, the country still was faced with un- employment of eight to ten mill lion persons.
 On the war issue, Stnssen was urged to stress two points, CD that Democratic regime got the U. s. into the first World War; (2) that while the Administration professes devotion to the principles of neutrality, It's conduct is char acterlzed by a strong undercurrcnt of jlngolsm.
 As illustration of this tho COP leaders cited the warlike pro-Ally remarks of James Cromwell, U, s. Minister to Canada, and the son- sational statement of Rear Ad- miral Joseph k. Taussig that "war with Japan is inevitable.'
 Stassen was told to picture the COP as tho great "pcace party" of the country, pledged to oppose any step that might lead to in- volvement in a foreign conflict FDR'S TIME CLOCK
 Near the front door in the resi- dence part of the White House hangs q board with pegs in 1t, to check in and out all members of the household.
 It Is similar to the board used on ships in the Navy, and is the latest Navy touch in the house. hold of the man whose friends call him skipper. The board has two columns of cards, 24 in all each card bearing name. Op- posite each name is q peg, which Is plugged Into the "out" hole or the "in' hole, as the person leaves or arrives.
 odd feature about the board is that nowhere does 1t carry the name. of the President or Mrs Roosevelt. Yet there is Q card for each--a blank card. EVerytlme the President leaves the house 2 peg is moved opposite a certain blank card. known only to aide The same for Mrs. Roosevelt.
 Only If all the rooms are oc- cupied, which does not often hap- pen, are all 24 cards "activc". In the case of Mrs. Roosevelt, the peg stands tout" more often than "ln".
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-05-09

If you want . copy of the book let "GENEALOGY" send t0 the Waterbury Democrats Washing ton Bureau, 1913 Thirteenth street, Washington, D. c. Enclose 10 cents in postage.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-05-09

c. How did the Roman losses compare with those of the Cartha- ginian at the Battle of Zama?
 "A. The Romans lost only 2000: the Carthaginians about 10000.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-05-09

TODAY's COMMON ERROR Do not say, "He was famuOs along the line of literature; say, "He was famous In literature"
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-05-09

o. Name the first feature length picture in which Shirley Temple appeared?
 A. Red Haired Alibi." Subse- quent appearances in Out All Night and ITO the Last Man" pre- ceded her first hit, stand Up and Cheer" Her previous screen expe- rience was in @ series of short com- edies.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-05-09

dbulG ulOuiit oiVvv NVBhSSo ~ NNNaA temperatures may be attained in electric or gas furnaces.
 e. What is the leading vegetable crop of California?
 A. Lettuce, which in money in- come ranks second only to oranges in the entire fruit and vegetable crop industries of the state. Cali- fornia produces about two-thirds of the nations lettuce supply.
 e. Would the Earth appear as bright to an observer on Venus as that plant does to us when 1t IS closestp
 A. Observers on Venus would see the Earth as an object about six times as bright as Venus appears to us, when nearest to 1t, because the whole disk of the Earth would be visible from that planet, whereas only 8 thin crescent of the illuminated part of Venus Is visible to observers on earth at that time.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-05-09
NORWAY TROUBLES

Most spectacular British naval victory since the Graf Spec was the sinking Of seven German de- stroyers m the northern Nor- wegian port Of Narvik. What most people do not know, however, is that despite that victory, the town of Narvik remained in Ger man hands.
 What happened was that the
 Nazls were able to remove sev-
 eral 3-inch and 5-inch guns
 from their destrOyers, beached In
 shallow water. and placed them
 In the Narvlk fortress.
 These have been able to hold off British troop transports. Mean while the railroad to Sweden has been kept open, and the Swedes have been sending in food labeled Medical supplles".
 All of this Illustrates the odds against which the British are op- erating in Norway. In the first about worked out their years con tract. No doubt he reasons tha even If he should spend the none! to get them out they are In suci q condition that they would no bc able to work out lIis added debt He would just be throwing none!
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-05-09

e. What is the highest altitude in Florida?
 A. Iron Mountain, Polk county, 325 feet above sea level.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-05-09

e. Can stone be melted?
 A. Yes, but 1t requires a temper ature around 5000 degrees F. Such temperatures may be attained in electric or gas furnaces.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-05-09

Copyright, 1940, by United Feature Syndicate, Inc)
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1940-07-11
Are You a Successophile?

Right off the bat ought to explain that there isn't
any such word.
who worshps kind of attained by any
means at all, that might be it.
Right in danger of developing too many
people of this type We've all heard the kind of person who
looks at Europe with popeyed wonder and to him.
SELF Gosh! You've really got to hand that fellow
somethingw
This train of thought to fall into these days.
But it is dangerous.
respect The thing ask what sort of
was sought" and, How it achieved"
is certainly true that the military accomplishments of
Hitlers Germany strictly military accomplishments,
magnificent German army has been developed which
one has yet been able to resist
Questions How worthy object is that? How has
that served the world and its people?
Question again: How was it done? At what cost, and
by what means?
The answer is simple: By channeling an unheardof
percentage of the productive ability of the German people
into building military machine. By making every man
soldier and training him for periods of time and with
thoroughness which other nations unwilling to adopt
Ine other nations reluctant to believe that
made for this.
Suppose the United States had embarked in 1888 on
similar course Suppose that instead of providing jobs
and sustenance to of 100000 people it had
simply clapped them all into the army? Suppose that in
stead OF building $4,000 miles of roads and $4,000 public
buildings had built military highways and tanks and
barracks Suppose that instead of building Boulder dam
and Grand Coulee and Bonneville and Fort Peck had
built planes and batteshps?
Does anyone suppose that could not by now have
btzkreged Canada and Mexico and subjected the hems
phere to will?
Of course could But under our democratic way we
chose other detectives.
Perhaps should have diverted of our energies
to military ends less to the ways of In view of what
has happened since, most Americans agree to that
But the democratic way. though it has devoted
itself to peaceful detectives has shown in those
mendous power That power being diverted by world
currents into military channels channels more clearly
marked by the very failure of European democracies to
navigate them Those failures not failures of power
to perform; they failures recognize the course
Democracy in America need fear such failure 1t will
not be found wanting if the test
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1940-07-11
A United Europe

For many years dreamers have dreamed of United
States of Europe
At first political dream and philosophers solace,
events moving strongly behind it. The small countries
Set after the World really independent
because with the rise of production civilization they
could not stand alone The situation cried, now,
Tor lowering of the economic if the political barriers
between these small units Alvin H. Hansen professor of
economics Harvard believes the day of the small sover-
egn state is
What pity that this could not have been before the
Nazi machine along to level those barriers with fire
and steel!
First economic and political division. Now economic
and political unity" at bayonet-point.
Why has had the wit to try economic unity COM
bihed with political independence?
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1940-07-11
QUESTIONS TO TEST
YOUR KNOWLEDGE

Can you answer seven Of these
test questions Turn to the
Woman's page for the answers.
l. Who was the only bachelor
president of the u. So
2. The emperors Of which
oriental country bear the title
Imperial Son of Heaven?
3. Was the Lusitania sunk in
1918, 1915 or 1872
4. Who wrote Abe Lincoln
in Illinois, the Pulitzer Prize
play for 1889?
5. Which American statesman
was known as The Commoner
s, Terra firms is kind of
pottery. a body of dry land, or
a body of water?
!. Who composed the popular
song. "Flaymates :"
$. Is Mrs. Franklin D. Roose-
welt q horseback rider?
2. Between which states is
the Columbia river?
10. How many days are there
in the year 1910?
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1940-07-11

demic state so long as the Brit
ish fleet can maintain an effec-
tive blockade OF the European
coastline. That is the hidden
card which Secretary Hull can
play at the conference of Amer
lean republics at Havana.
Hitler has had forced selling
arrangements - barter with
many South American nations
for several years. He sold them
manufactured articles in return
for foodstuffs and other raw
materials. But this commerce
has dwindled-virtually vanished
since the outbreak of the full
war Barring utter defeat of
Britain in the expected blitz-
krieg. there is no likelihood that
it will regain former proper
tons for some time.
Meantime-while Germany is
kept out of this market-the
state department hopes that
some logical system for inter-
American exchanges can be
effected. II so. it may channel
lie commerce be tween the
Americas in such a way that it
cannot be totally or permanently
disrupted by any European
eventuality. 1t may mean put
ting South America on grandi-
ose WPA at tremendous cost TO
the United States, but there are
those who figure it to be worth
the price.