davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-05-30
ITALIANS TEETER
ON WARS BRINK
Many Observers Expect Ma
ton To Take Plunge
Within A Few Days

ROME, May 29.-LR-Italy still
teetered tonight on the brink of war.
Many foreign and italian observers
expected her to take the plunge with.
in a few days, but in the Mediter'
ranean and southwark rather than
directly against France.
In the event of an act of aggres.
sion leading to war in the Mediter
ranean area" according to the Allied
Turkish treaty of alliance. Turkey
guardian of the Dardanelles, is
pledged to enter the war on the side
of Britain and France.
The new view as to the potential
theater of attack was supported by
Nicola Marchitto, in the semi-month,
ly political review "Conquista Dim
pro"-"conquest of empire"
Marcnitto asserted that Italy's "of.
fensive objectives' would be actions
by the navy and air force in the
Mediterranean and land war in Afri-
ca to conquer the British-French
controlled Suez Canal and eventually
in the Balkans to protect Italian
interests.
italian strategy is defensive, he
wrote, on the frontiers of France
proper and French-protected Tunisia
which fronts on italian Libya; it has
a different character, however, on the
Egyptian frontiers of Italian Africa.
The writer spoke of the Greek port
of Salonika, take-off point of the Al
lies Balkan campaign in the World
War, and Jibuti, French Somaliland,
sea outlet for Italian Ethiopia, as
other possible detectives.
Italy's frontiers are defended with
greater troop strength than ever.
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-05-30
REFUGEE BELGIAN PARLIAMENT MEETS
TOMORROW TO SEAL FATE OF LEOPOLD

At least four of Belgium's
ministers knew last Friday that
King Leopold intended to capt.
uIate, Belgian spokesman said.
So long did the ministers en-
treat the king to reconsider
that they barely escaped cap
ture, according to this story.
The king, they said, declared
his soldiers were too tired TO
counter attack and that he had
decided to make peace to pre-
serve "a relative independence
Shortly after heir departure,
Belgian officials said, the min
listers received an urgent re-
quest from Leopold that a paper
be sent him which would per-
nit him to change the minis
try and revoke the government.
They refused.
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-05-30
AIR FIGHTS RAGE
Waves OF Planes Battle For
Air Mastery Over Vital
Port Of Dunkerque
BRITISH TAKE NARVIK
BRITAIN

LONDON. May 29-tR-British
hurled her air force into mass bat
tie tonight with waves of German
fighters and bombers over the vi
tai English Channel port of Dun
kerque-last back door to safety
for the Allies lost battalions in the
Flanders death trap.
The fight for air mastery ragged
on into the twilight of an anxious
day for England. These we're the
highlights:
In the Flanders "die-or-sur-
render triangle, 500, 900 Ali e d
veterans under Lord Gort, COM
mander-in-chief of the BEE, fought
off repeated German thrusts with
stiff rear guard action as they
pushed doggedly down a narrow
ing corridor toward the coast.
Half Million Ready
2-Out of the million and a hall
i en- now actually under arms in
Lritain, half a million, especially
equipped for modern mechanical
warfare, are ready for action in
France. They a join the French
in any gouge into German defenses
to ease the pressure on their com.
rades in Flanders.
3-The war ministry announced
the capture of the strategic Arctic
iron ore port of Narvik, Norway,
held by Germans through a month
of fighting.
4-On the home front, Britain
extended wartime restrictions to
Americans and other neutrals,
brought it's home defense forces
up to 1900, 600 armed men, and
heard the grim prophecy n a t
mass invasion might be imminent.
Latest Wave
An air ministry communicate de-
scribed the fight over Dunkerque
as the latest of a recent wave OF
air attacks designed to ease the
German pressure on the Flanders
pocket and to shatter commun1ca'
tons and bases behind the lines
Twenty-Five of the large mum
ber' of German planes over Dun
kerque we're reported shot down.
One British bomber failed to re-
turn.
Exact location of the 500, 900 Al
lied troops hemmed in the steel
grit triangle was not disclosed, but
a Nazi military spokesman SAID
they had pushed some miles to-
ward the coast.
Their morale was described as
"unshaken' and their units com.
pact as they fell back behind still
rear guard action.
Fighting was unceasing on thelr
rear and TANKS as overwhelming
German forces thrust hard to cut
off retreat and slice them into
scattered commands, easy to over
come.
Word of Encouragement
From their king came the WORD
of encouragement echoed by the
entire nation.
The hearts of every n OF us
at home are with you and your
MAGNIFICENT troops in this hour OF
peril King George vi said IN a
jContinued on Page Three; Col. ~
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-05-30
ALLIES RETREAT AND FLOOD
SECTION AROUND DUNKERQUE
TO GUARD PORT OF ESCAPE
BLOODY CAMPAIGN ALL BUT OVER
Germans Left In Control Of Frances North
ern Industrial Region And Her North
west Coast, Across From England
ALLIES BUILD SOUTHERN FRONT
BY HENRY C. CASSIDY

PARIS, May 29.-(AP)-The Allies tonight gave up
as lost the battle of Flanders and, in a great retreat,
opened the flood sluices around Dunkerque to guard their
last port of escape on the sea.
The bloody conflict in the north was all but over. The
Germans, thus, were left substantially in control OF
Frances northern industrial region and her northwest
coast, across from England.
AT least, however, the battle had given the Allies
time to build 9 strong southern front along the Somme
and Aisne rivers, for 200 miles across France.
The virtual collapse of the Allied cause in Flanders,
after the Belgian army's surrender ordered by King Leo
pold. left their flanks laid open-came amid scenes of fire
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-05-30
Cooper Plans
To Work For
W. P. Horton
Says He Favors Second
Primary, Will Campaign
For Lieutenant Governor
GRAVELY GIVES STAND
Fourth Place Man Ayers He
Will Support Brough-
ton On June y

RALEIGH, May 29.-LR-L. Lee
Gravely today Joined two other I'M
successful gubernatorial candidates
in expressing the belief there should
be no second primary, but a fourth,
Mayor Thomas E. Cooper, of Will
mington, said he favored a second
primary and would actively campaign
for the runner-up in the race, Lieut.
Gov. w. P. Horton.
Gravely, who polled $4,000 votes
for fourth place in last Saturdays
first primary, said he would sup.
port the leader, J. M. Broughton, If
the second primary was held June %.
Will Continue
Horton himself countered with a
r~eiteration of his statement hat he
would continue his campaign, and
Cooper asserted that "some of these
also-rans for governor are speaking
out of turn when they advise Mr..
Horton not to enter a second pri-
mary"
B%roughton himself issued a:statse
ment tonight saying cit is. q course,
to be hoped that the state and the
counties will be spared the heavy ex-
pense of a second primary"
"Unless a second primary is called
in the subernatorial contest, it seems
| quite likely that there will be no
statewide second primary and few,
if any, second primaries in counties
of the state" Broughton said. sit is
| certain that such a result would be
highly gratifying to the people of the
state and particularly to the mem
bers of the democratic party who
are interested in the preservation of
part harmony"
1t was reliably reported here that
W. Erskine Smith of Albemarle, who
was second in a four-man field for
| the democratic nomination for lieu
tenant-governor, would not ask a
second primary. r. L. Harris OF
Roxboro was high nan in the race.
In declaring himself for Broughton,
| Gravely went further than the two
who had made earlier statements-A.
J. Maxwell, who was third, and Paul
Grady, who was sixth. Both of them,
in expressing the hope there would
be no second primary, said by i'm
plication they would support Brough-
ton.
Headquarters Confident
Horton headquarters, meanwhile,
continued to voice confidence that
MaxwelIs chief lieutenants, State
Manager Burgin Pennel, Mrs. W. B.
Murphy, state manager for women,
and Associate Manager Ronald Will
son, would support the lieutenant
governor.
There was still no definite an.
~nouncement, however, as to how the
three would line up.
Members of MaXwelIs family said
they doubted if the revenue commits
sioner, who is i'll at his home here
with paralysis, would make any fur
Their statement. His friends had
said they expected him to make a
flat declaration of support for
Broughton.
II hope the people of North caro-
lima will have the opportunity to
vote their choice between a govern
CONTINUED on Page Three; Col. ~
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-05-30
WEATHER

FORECAST
North Carolina and South Carolina
Mostly cloudy, occasional showers
thursday, probably clearing Friday.
Meteorological data for The "a hours
"'"g $50 p. m. yesterday.
Lon Temperature
l3o a. m. So; 7:30 a. m. p: 1:3O p.
IL: Il; I:5G p. m. So: maximum II;
"nlinnm IS: mean 70; normal. "A.
,O Humidity
IA as. a. m. 80; 7:30 a. m. II; 1870 p.
'. y 80 p. m. 50.
Precipitation
N50.al Tor "A hours ending 7:30 D.. m.
l-0 inches.
H. Tides For Today
from Tide Tables published by U.
S''s and Geodetic Survey.
Wrmir High Low
""'Hstoh ----- 4:23a IL Ala
Mssorh.. 4:55p ---
D'ofo Inlet ----- 2:2Oa S:36a
l IlaGnFise SOFA: sunset 7:17p: moonrise
" moonset 1:32p.
LEXINGTON May 90 - up -
and roi. bureau records of temperature
D. ''inlali for the a hours ending
arag an IN me principal cotton growing
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-05-30
CAPTAIN

BERN, May 29|RIA SWISS
military court sentenced E.. M.
Mutterer, an army captain, to six
years imprisonment today for hav-
ing secretly copied orders and
plans at divisional staff head
quarters.
A communique said sit is not
proved that Mutterer was guilty
of espionage" but copying Of the
documents violated the military
secrets act s
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-05-30

dllQ llOOu.
Defend Rear
While the waters rose
steadily in the vast system
of streams around Dun
kerque, French divisions
fought across the tortured
landscape to hold the rear
while British troops defend
ed the main points of pass
age for the main forces
seeking the coastline.
The Allies brought on the
inundation by opening the
locks southwest and north
east Of Dunkerque, on the
great canal that flows by
the city and follows the
coast for many miles.
In Dunkerque, the last AL
lied resistance was rallied
under Vice Admiral Jean
Marie Atrial, 61-year-old
commander of the port. The
Allied armies, navies and air
forces fought together in an
effort to save as much as
possible from the wreckage
of Flanders.
The retreat was harassed
by heavy German fire. Some
Belgian units, refusing to lay
down their arms despite their
kings order to capitulate,
were reported still fighting
besida the British and
French.
Oppose Nazi Push
A single French division which had
bee nstationed with the Belgians as
the backbone of their front tried to
hold back the nazi rush in the Nieu.
port-Dixmude sector, a World Wa
battlefield on the coast northeast Of
Dunkerque.
Suicide squads also held out on the
eastern and southern sides of the
Allied path to the sea. Some Allied
units had to fight through German
columns.
Dunkerque, manned by French
sailors, was the last island of SOFIA
Allied positions.
The rest of the battlefield was a
maelstrom of free-for-all fighting,
lighted up by blazing fires.
Airplanes Tangle
Airplanes tangled in the heavy
clouds hanging over the battle area.
Allied navy dive-bombers, using the
low-flying tactics they employ
against submarines and warships,
plunged no German tanks.
American-made bombers, newly ar
rived, operated effectively, but too
late to turn the tide.
Still other battles must be fought
on the Aisne-Somme front before the
war itself can be called decided.
The Germans made Lille, the in.
dustrial center of northern France,
and Calais, on the Channel Straits Of
Dover, particular backgrounds. But
their advance was slowed by Allied
s~harpshooters waging guerilla war.
fare in the fields and fighting in
the streets of the cities.
And tonight, toward the vital city
of Dunkerque, the bulk of an entrap.
ped army of half a million was back.
ing.
Satisfied"
The French admiral in command
there reported that he was satisfied
Continued on Page Three, Col. q
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-05-30

Served by Leased Wire Of the
ASSOCIATED PRESS
With Complete Coverage Of
State and National News
Evening star., 1940-03-24

You then enter the church, 60 as far
as the foot of the center aisle - if you
get there early there will be plenty of
seats. You wait until one of the ushers
comes up to you. If you were a men,
Der of either family or very intimate
friend of the bride or the groom. you
would tell him your name. He would
look on his ''in front of the ribbons
list in order to seat you. If you say
nothing, he will ask whether you are
a friend of the bride or of the groom.
in order to seat you on her side of the
aisle or on his. In any case, he offers
you his arm, you put your hand on
the inside of his proffered arm. and he
escorts you to seat.
If you have arrived early enough
to be given an aisle seat. there is one
rule of etiquette which is in seeming
contradiction to politeness. and there
fore important to know. 1t is entirely
proper that you keep your aisle seat.
no matter who or how many enter the
pew later. Now and then, an incon-
siderate late-comer, seeing some one
much younger sitting on the aisle,
unfairly demands that the one in
possession Move up. please" But to
Evening star., 1940-03-24
% &'''tM %a<
Avkes es "Eiiavssfs: Ths Blue Book Of Seeio Utoss.
"Tks Personality ef o Hovse." En-.

stand up where you are, and indicate
that the late -comers take their places
further in, is all that is required by
etiquette even though the one on
the aisle be young man and the new
conner an elderly woman. In other
words, pew seats at wedding are held
exactly as reserved seats are held in
theater.
At wedding it is also proper to
smile and nod gently" to relatives or
friends - even to talk briefly in a
very low voice to friend sitting next
to you. Otherwise, you sit quietly and
keep still until the professional starts.
In most Of the Protestant churches,
the congregation then rises and stands
throughout the service. In any case.
you merely follow those in front OF
you; stand when they stand. kneel
when they kneel, and sit if they sit.
When the service is over and the
occasional has passed by, those in the
pews farther back must wait until the
immediate families, who have occupied
the front pews, have left. When in
doubt. therefore. wait until those
around you start to leave.
As soon as you leave the church.
Evening star., 1940-03-24

YOU 20 at once to wherever the recep-
ton is to be held. But if you are a
stranger, as we'll as by yourself, it will
be better to walk or drive around for
twenty minutes or so, to let the house
get crowded and make the fact of your
aloneness unnoticeable. You 60 in
your own car. or you call a taxi. or if
the distance is short, you walk.
And now, the reception, in detail.
Whether in a house or hotel, you will
be met at the entrance by some one
who tells you, Ladies' dressing-room
to the right (or wherever it is).' You
leave your wrap, if you choose to, but
you do not take off your hat. or your
gloves If you are stranger, you add
your visiting card to the others that
will probably have been left by other
strangers on a tray in the hall. And
then you go to the door of the room in
which the reception is held.
Here you will see people going in
and hear a man announcing their
names. As you approach. he asks you.
What name, please" And you give
your name with title If he says moth
ing, you say to him. Miss Pauline
Panic" Tor Mrs John Jones). He then
Evening star., 1940-03-24

u YOUNG stenographer, invited to
the wedding of her employers
y daughter, sends me this eager
letter: Il have just received an invita-
ton to the church and reception both!
But. oh, Mrs. Post, unless you can
help me by giving directions for every
thing guest is expected to do and say
from arriving at the church all the
way to leaving the reception. l can't
20! l don't dare 60 to the most won
derful wedding shall probably ever
be invited to"
So, with least waste of words,
~kall try to give the most complete
what next?" directions that l can,
and choose the most tcomposure-testing
situation - that of a stranger, alone
among people who are unaware of her
existence.
Beginning with your arrival at the
church. hold your card of admission
ready to give to the man at the door.
Evening star., 1940-03-24

repeats in a clear rather than loud
voice (though it may sound loud to
you), Miss Pauline Panic" Then you
20 through the door. The brides
mother will be standing close beside
you. She offers you her hand, smiles,
and if you are unknown to her. she
says How do you do" If she knows
you she says whatever is suitable. In
the first case. you also say "How do
you do; in the second, you reply to
what she says to you. If she says I'm
very glad to see you." you answer,
thank you." or 1T was very kind Of,
you to invite me-" and add something
pleasant about the bride or the we'd
ding in general. If the groom's mother
is standing next to her, you must
shake hands with her, too, whether
you are introduced to her or not.
You then join the queue of guests
who are waiting to "congratulate" the
bride and groom. Actually you may
congratulate the groom, but you wish
the bride happiness. 1t is breach of
good manners to congratulate bride
on having secured husband!
If you are in doubt about being
known to either Of them. you give
your name to the bride. If you are
young, you say, I'm Pauline Panic"
or if older, I'm Mrs. John Jones'"
In either case you shake hands with
the bride and add, II wish you every
happiness" Then you shake hands
with the groom and say. "Congratula- :
tions. and all good wishes"
If the bride does not introduce you
to him - because of being greeted by
some one following you - and the
groom knows you we'll by name,
though not by sight - you tell who
you are Otherwise. you don't. You
greet any of the bridesmaids who are
friends of yours. Otherwise. you just
pass on or smile. perhaps. if you hap
pen to be looking directly at one of
them who also looks at you. But there
is no chance to stop and really talk to
any one. unless you arrived early. or
so late that no one is waiting behind
you.
After greeting the bride and groom.
you then look around for friends OF
your own If you see no one whom you
know we'll enough to join, the best
thing to do is to make your way
slowly - and nonchalantly II to
wherever refreshments are being
served One of the walters will ask you
what you would like You take your
time to look at the table and then tell
him what you want. You can linger
and nibble as long as you like, or sit
down and watch people, and you can
speak to any one who is alone and
looks willing to be spoken to.
A sit-down breakfast makes very
awkward situation for one who is
stranger and who cannot very we'll
join group of people whom she does
not know. The best thing to do is to 60
into the dining-room as soon as you
can and sit down at an unoccupied
table. and let others join you. But if
you wait until every table has several
people sitting at it and they are all
strangers. it gives you no alternative
but to run the risk of making yourself
an unwelcome intruder.
When you want to leave. you just
do so. 1t is not necessary or even
polite to attract attention to your
going if it is soon after your arrival.
Released by The Bell Syndicate, Inc.
Evening star., 1940-03-24
Good Manners in DECORATING

From eondies on the dining tobIs
TO tie color Of point on woils ond cell.
ing, We ore pursued oil Of y, who
core - with problems Of good tots.
Mrs. Post solves q number Of Interest.
ing ones in this IsofIst. To get il,
send q thres-esnt stomp ito cover the
cost Of moiiing) with request to Mrs.
Post, Service Department, This Week
Magazine, in core Of this newspaper.
,.24-4o =
Evening star., 1940-03-24
THIS WEEK MAGAZINE

MAGAZINE
BEING a GUEST AT "A Formal WEDDING
your procedure from arrival at church
from the brides reception
<y &s~tZv S@~
d"aaMnn n A
RM
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1940-04-06
Sunday School Lesson


whether by incidental cruelty,
or, as here, by deliberate viola
ton of the principles of equi-
.ty In the courts of justice. The
worst offenders were those who
poisoned justice at its source,
those who by their venal de-
cisions made it a bitter thing for
the poor man when it ought to
have been sweet, and who laid
Righteousness PROSTATE upon the
ground when she ought to have
been erect and smiling.
He seeks to make the religion
of Israel sincere one. Speaking
for Jehovah he tells them to
seek good and not evir' and,
with emphasis, '.hate the evil
and love the good. AS for the
formal religious ceremonies he
points out that these mean moth
ing unless the people live right
eously. Outward, formal wor-
ship will not be accepted by God
and he appeals to his hearers to
''let justice roll down as waters
and righteousness as a mighty
stream" The preaching of Amos
was not appreciated by the king
and the priests of Israel and they
sent Amos back home where he
wrote his immortal little book.
The writings of Amos are inn
mortal words. says J, E. McFad-
den; ssthey express in imperish-
able form the essence of religion,
the simple demands of God upon
men. The Justice, the righteous
ness for which Amos here pleads,
is a social thing; it is tender re-
gard for the poor, hatred of the
evil conditions that have devas-
tated their lives; it is the spirit
which yearns and works for the
removal of those conditions; it
is, in a word, respect for person
atty, fair play as between man
and man. Let justice, in that
sense, run through society, unim-
peded by avarice or selfishness
or cruelty, let it roll on without
let or hindrance like the waves
of the sea-.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1940-04-06
SAINT PAUL'S CHURCH

81 Duvaly and Eaton Streets
Until the summer months and
unless otherwise advertised, the
regular order of services in the
Parish Church is as follows:
Sundays
Mass with Communions, TOO
a. m.
Mass for the Church School,
$50 a. m.
Morning Prayer and Mass with
Sermon, 100 o'clock.
Evening Prayer, Sermon, Bene-
diction, 800 o'clock.
Week Days
Morning Prayer, Gas o'clock.
Mass, 700 a. m.
Evening Prayer, $50 o'clock.
Wednesdays
Morning Prayer. 8:45 o'clock.
Second Mass, 900 a. m.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1940-04-06
TRAINING SCHOOL
OPENS MONDAY

A school for the training of
Church School teachers will be
held at the Ley Memorial Church
beginning Monday night at 1880
o'clock to continue for four
nights.
Rev. C. w. Hutchinson, pastor
of the First Methodist Church,
has been engaged as instructor
The name, Of the course which
will be taught is entitled What
Is Teachirg?a9r'l ulA
Rev. Hutchinson is well quail
fled for this work since he de-
voted several years of his entire
time to it when he was Exten-
sion Secretary for the Florida
Conference.
Sessions will be so minutes
each and two sessions each night
for the four nights. All Church
School teachers especially are in
vited to attend this course.
Teachers from the other church
es are also invited to take the
course.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1940-04-06

My Cod. Observance of the
Lords Supper,
Christian Endeavor, TOO p. m.
Topic: Healing The Sick
Leader: Miss Marie Knowles:
Evening worship, 500 o'clock.
Sermon subject: Assurance of
the Sinner in Seeking Salvation.
Meeting of the Ladies AUX
Hilary at the Recreational Rooms,
Monday afternoon, 400 o'clock.
Official Board of the Church
meets Tuesday evening, 800
o'clock.
Prayer meeting, Wednesday
evening, 800 o'clock. Missionary
dues at close of service.
God sent not His Son into
the world. to condemn the world;
but that the world through Him
might be saved.