davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1940-12-08
Home Front

On Tuesday President Roosevelt
boarded the cruiser Tuscaloosa at Miami
and embarked on a cruise into the Carib-
bean. He said that he had little idea
where the voyage would take him, but
he later inspected the American naval
base at Guantanamo, Cuba, and the site
Of the American base on the English
island of Jamaica. Secretary of the Navy
Knox set off on an inspection tour of
naval bases and Army engineers here
indicated that American workmen soon
will be pushing construction of initial
facilities at all eight Of the naval and
air bases acquired by the United States
from Britain.
In Washington, the Treasury disclosed
that defense expenditures more than
doubled during the first
Looms TO five months Of the fiscal
Britoin2 year that began July /
sl243 1854 933 being the out
lay for that period This announcement
came in the midst of growing discussion
as to whether the United States should
make credits available to Britain. Sec
retarv of Commerce Jones said, and Sec
retary of the Treasury Morgenthau
agreed, that Britain is a good risk" The
London Evening Standard, published by
Lord Beaverbrook. British Minister of
Aircraft Production, urged the United
States to consider giving Britain credits.
Sir Frederick Phillips, British Undersec-
retary of the Treasury. opened conversa-
tions in Washington with Mr.. Morgen-
thau on the British financial situation
battle over credits brewed in Congress.
Evening star., 1940-12-08

Toward the weeks end, however the
British we're able to report some success
in coping with the German
Boot" maritime menace. On
Raiders Thursday, German guns on
the French coast aimed
their fire at a convoy of % ships passing
down the British Channel. seemingly with
small success. On Friday, London told
the press, the British armed cruiser
Carnarvon Castle met German dis
guised raider-knoWn as a "Q-boat"-
in the South Atlantic about 700 miles
northeast of Montevideo, Uruguay, and
put it to flight. The Carnarvon Castle,
22.l22 tons, suffered Slight damage"
While the U-boats torpedoed, the air.
planes bombed, and the raiders shelled
ships bound for England, the British
negotiators in this country worked with
great intensity on the problem of a pro-
gram for building vessels in the United
States to replace the destroyed bottoms.
All signs point to some early official an
nouncement that the British have made
arrangements for the construction in
Evening star., 1940-12-08
Merchant Marine
Continued From Page CID

that the personnel problem has been an
outstanding obstacle to rehabilitating the
American merchant marine.
Fine ships and well-planned trade
routes will be of no avail if crews are
inefficient and insubordinate. And both
of these characteristics have of late years
been too prevalent on American mer-
chant ships Nor have they been modi-
fled by the rapid development of
radical form of labor organization which
has seemed at times almost to place
premium on semi-mutinous spirit.
1t is characteristic of the Maritime
Commission that it has sought to solve
this problem at its source. Reasonable
cause for discomfort has long been pres
ent in the foul accommodations and
miserable food traditonally afforded men
before the mast" On all the new
American ships particular care has been
given to the design of the crews quarters.
Under present policy the living condi-
tions of the American merchant sailor
will be as good as, or better than, those
to be found afloat anywhere on the
SeFeI SEAS.
In addition the Maritime Commission,
with the cooperation of the Coast
Guard, early inaugurated a far-sighted
training program, both for licensed and
unlicensed personnel. This is now be-
ginning to bear fruit in flow of care
fully selected, competent and disciplined
recruits.
Good seamen, still less good merchant
officers, cannot be turned out as swiftly
or as mechanically as good ships. But
the human factor will prove of funda-
mental importance in determining the
future of the American merchant ma
rine.
This is clearly recognized by the MARI
time Commission. Its intelligent ham
ding of the personnel problem strength
ems the other reasons for believing that
after the war the American flag will hold
. leading position in all the great ports
and on all the ntor sea lanes Of ths
world.
Evening star., 1940-12-08
Bv Leslie Hore.Belisha.

CLANCY when he placed among impera-
tive needs of Britain a hundred addi-
tional destroyers. several thousand planes
and the use of Fire ports.
These desiderata, however. are not
Immediately at hand Their attainment
does not depend exclusively on Britain,
but mainly on the good will and support
of others. What can she herself do to
improve the situation?
The defeat of Italy would free the
Royal Navy from its commitments in the
Mediterranean and enable it thencefor-
ward to devote its undivided attention
to policing the Atlantic communications.
Then would be saved the greater part of
the 10000 tons of shipping which the
German raiders are taking in toll week
after week.
Encouraging so far have been the sue
cesses of the Royal Navy in the Mediter-
ranean. May they be followed up.
At laramie it was shown that the tor
pedoes of the feet air arm could put out
of action half of the enemy feet, at
anchor in harbor considered as safe
as physical features could make it, The
action off Sardinia which quickly fol-
lowed, proved that new tactical method
equally accurate against moving target.
illustrates Offensive Power.
These exploits - unprecedented in
naval warfare-illustrate the offensive
power of the fleet air arm From the
fact that shore-based Italian bombers
were unable effectively to retaliate
against the British warships, we may
deduce that the feet air arm likewise
proved its defensive power
The engagements at Taranto and off
Sardinia were, nonetheless, naval ac-
tions, even though they were mainly
conducted from the air. The more in
tensely modern warfare develops, the
more and more obvious it becomes that
aircraft is as integral a part of the
fighting mechanism of a navy and an
army as are their guns
In the circumstances it is fitting that
those who man the fleet air arm are sea-
trained naval personnel. The shore
based Italian aircraft from which so
much was expected are not part of the
Italian Navy but of the independent air
force. The decision of the British gov
ernment in July, 1887, that ship-born
aircraft should be placed under the un-
divided control of the Admiralty and
should be considered in all respects a
part Of the naval forces has been amply
justified.
Coastal Command.
The same system prevails In the
United States. If the time has now
come when it would be appropriate to
consider carrying this development a
stage further, and to vest in the Admir-
alty-as is the case in the United States
responsibility for the operations of air.
craft of the coastal command, no reflec-
ton whatever would be cast on the
splendid spirit and high prowess of those
who are discharging these functions.
functions.
AS the Admiralty is held publicly ac-
countable for safeguarding the crews
allotted. the STATS are to be selected in
roughly equal proportions from the army
md from the Royal Ar Foree.
Evening star., 1940-12-08

LONDON.-Britain is now meeting a
two-fold assault. There are the nightly
attacks concentrated on her provincial
cities, which the Germans say they will
render of no more use to England than
if they had been actually captured by
enemy troops. At the same time there
is the threat at sea. BY the widespread
ravages of surface raiders. submarines
and aircraft, the Nazi propagandists
claim they will reduce the 40,0000O0
islanders to helplessness.
Total War Economy for All.
The conclusions of Maj. Gen. Chaney,
who, as official observer for the United
States Government, has studied at close
quarters the unfolding phases of the bat
tie for Britain and formed opinions or
the wider aspects of the struggle, give
no announcement to the NaZi presump-
tions. In his view, Britain cannot lose
the war except by overconfidence and
carelessness.
Her task, however is to win it. Is she
putting forward her full strength? Most
ton has not yet been effectively under
taken. No doubt under the now en-
phatic pressure of Parliament, the gov
ernment will be fortified to put in more
comprehensive, coherent policy for mus
tering the maximum economic power OF
the nation.
Even this, however, will not be enough.
Conscious superiority over the enemy can
only be enforced by drawing on the whole
empire, utilizing in the most deliberate
manner it's resources of men and Of ma
terial Manufacturing capacity must be
developed, unessential work must give
place to munitions production. Members
of the British Commonwealth Of Nations
no less than the motherland should
adopt a total war economy.
When this effort has been organized
and supplemented by the full aid the
United States has promised. then can we
be assured that the evil powers of Europe
will be abased by the arrayed might Of
the civilized world. In the intervening
time, however, the principal need is to
keep the sea links which unite the Eng
lish-speaking world connected.
Shortage of Ships.
These would become strained indeed to
the point of severance if Britain had no
other means of making good her losses
than by the output of ner own shipbuild-
ing yards. Her annual construction pro-
gram, even If it were fulfilled, could only
make good IS weeks of her losses at the
current rate of sinkings.
BY expanding her own mercantile
shipbuilding capacity. by purchases and
by placing orders overseas, she can to
some extent safeguard the future. But
whatever special measures may be taken
to replace in due course the tonnage
which is being sunk, Britain must for the
time being be short of cargoes that g
down with the vessels.
What, therefore, seems more urgent
than the laying down Of merchant ships
on which attention seems to be mainly
focused, is to obtain an increase in the
number of naval ships and patrol planes
which can keep the marauders at bay II
thu danger zones. This consideration
my we'll have been IN the mind q Gen
Evening star., 1940-12-08

In view of the conflicting stories re-
gardiEg Britain's situation, the following
factual survey based on reports from un-
impeachable sources seems to be timely:
The British armament production is
down by 80 per cent as a result of the
German air raids. Factories have not
been so severely damaged as one might
expect. Large plants which were oper-
atlng as units at the outbreak of the war
have been diSmantled and scattered in
small units all over Northern England
and Scotland. Thsy are thus less likely
to be injured by the German bombers.
The lack of experienced pilots is felt
more severely than the lack of airplanes.
But this is being remedied now by the
intensive training of young men in
Britain and in the Dominions The re-
quirements of a minimum of 500 flying
hours for pilots are still in force. The
quality of the British fighting planes is
higher than that of the Germans be-
cause all British planes are heavily
Armored.
Civilians Morale High.
The morale of the British civilians is
generally high. 1t wavers at times, and
occasionally there is feeling of hope
lessness and lassitude in the masses.
But the sporting instinct is still strong.
1t is not out of the ordinary during a
day raid to see people in the streets bet
ting on which plane will be brought down
first Occasional victories such as of the
British fleet and aviation against the
Italian naval forces and the victories of
the British and Greek Armies over the
Italians cause joyous outbursts. But
this is not sufficient to keep the British
morale permanently high.
A substantial victory would keep the
British going for many months. The
most serious situation-of which the man
in the street is not yet quite aware-is
the deficiency in the Royal Navy and
the merchant marine.
The navy yards have suffered a good
deal as result of the German air raids
and the British fleet is no longer in
position to convoy merchantmen ade-
quately The enormous losses suffered
by the merchant marine are being felt
severely.
During the last war the British had at
their disposal the merchant fleets of
France, Italy, Sweden, Norway, Holland
and Japan, besides their own. The de-
struction caused by the intense German
submarine warfare could be remedied
then by the construction Of new mer-
chant ships in British, French and
Italian yards. Now Great Britain must
rely wholly on the remaining few of her
own naval-building establishments, so
far as Europe Is concerned
Food Is Holding Out.
For the time being there is no dearth
Of food in Great Britain. Neither is the
lack of raw materials being felt. But
there is no question that the destruction
Of at least 5000 tons a week of ire
placeable shipping is matter of grave
concern for the Churchill government.
Britain used to import, in times of
peace, no less than $4,000 tons of food
every day. This quantity has now been
reduced. but the amount of raw materials
Evening star., 1940-12-08

bombers have attacked 90 per cent OF
the German reflneries and 80 per cent
Of the German oil plants.
In the midst of the night, Parliament
rejected by vote of 341 to motion
by three members of the Independent
Labor party that Britain state her war
aims and seek peace Immediately. The
same Parliament heard a day earlier
Wednesday-a hint that the British gov
ernment may be forced to labor compul-
sion to rehabilitate the English indus
trial areas blasted to bits by the endless
Luftwaffe-the German war from the air.
Evening star., 1940-12-08
War at Sea

The fierce German assault against
shipping bound for Britain continued
all week. On Monday undersea and
aircraft raiders bearing the Nazi insignia
loosed widespread attack on convoy
Of 10 British vessels about 400 miles west
of Ireland. Repeated distress signals
picked up in New York by Mackay radio
indicated the raiders were running down
their prey in an eastward zig lag chase
that lasted more than five hours, cover
ing a course of $50 miles.
The following day Berlin reported
that her submarines had sent to the bot
tom IT merchantmen,
Convoy totaling $4,000 tons, and
Attacks a l7000-ton auxiliary
cruiser, the converted liner
Caledonia. These triumphs were scored
IN two assaults, according to Berlin.
The news stated that at least Is of the
ships, representing 10000 tons, went
down in one sWoop when U-boats slipped
past the booming guns of a conveys
strong cruiser and destroyer guard and
rammed home their torpedoes before the
zigzag line of cargo ships scattered. One
U-boat was said to have sunk five ships,
in all, al 900 tons
On Wednesday Berlin reported that
German bombers had flown $50 miles
over the Atlantic and scored a direct
hit on 4000-ton British freighter The
same day brought the news from Tam
pico, Mexico, that two German freighters,
the Rhein and the Idarwald, were head
ing into the North Atlantic, where Ger
man warships were believed to be op-
Grating. These two freighters, perhaps
carrying supplies for the German war
ships at sea. left Tampico November 90
Evening star., 1940-12-08
The Balkans

An old warning goes: Beware the
Greeks bearing gifts
In Italy no doubt now they say, Be
ware the Greeks bearing arms"
For by the weeks end the Greeks had
occupied Porto Edda, one of the Italian
Army's main bases in Southern Albania,
and pushed ahead then to Argirocastro,
Evening star., 1940-12-08


Greece. A. P. Photo.
is in position to resist the German on
slaught for a number of months.
8. The breathing spell which the win
ter brings about will enable our Amer
ican plants to start production on large
scale, and gives time to the navy yards
to complete some of the construction
which is so badly needed by the Amer
ican Fleet if we are to yield to Britain
a number of older ships. Finally, it gives
the people of the United States ample
time to digest the whole situation and
look with clearer vision into the future.
It is admitted, however, that this
peaceful" atmosphere in Europe, which
it is believed will last throughout the
winter, may be upset without warning
by unexpected to use more correct
words-much feared developments in the
Far East
Evening star., 1940-12-08

American yards of a sort of small, stand
ardized ship, constructable almost by
mass production methods.
Evening star., 1940-12-08
Raiders Menace BHo Supply Lne Greeks Push Italians Toward Sea

duct in the military engagement with
Greece.
London observers looked for increas-
ing activity in the Near East and indi-
Gated that Canadian troops may be put
Into the campaign-which might turn
into a British offensive in the Balkans
aimed at nipping in the bud the Ger
man plans apparently in development
for an action out of Rumania.
At the western end of the Mediter-
ranean Marshal Petain, Premier of
France, loosed hint that he may move
his government from Vichy to Versailles.
The full implications of this step are
yet TO be revealed A strengthening of
German control of all France? Or an
intensified desire by Petain to have more
say In the rule of France? Time will tell.
Far East
The most ferocious fighting fish ia
the world are raised in Siam which nov
Is known as Thailand. Apparently the
men of Thai are taking lesson from
OiiCii 4iACy arc ollOWillS d
front. In the Mekong River Valley, along
the ThaiFrench Indo-C China front there
was skirmishing. In Bangkok, the Thai
land high command announced that a
French effort to seize the Southeastern
Thailand province of Trad had been
beaten off, with damage to one of the
two French Warships which landed a
land is in sympathy with japanese Ash
attic aims. Japans own war with China
produced no noteworthy developments.
Evening star., 1940-12-08

Taking off from the French Chan
mel Coast in sQuadronS of about rs,
the German bombers climb to alti-
tndes of as much as 10000 feet be-
fore heading for the Channel. Ger
man fighters drop out to engage r.
A. F. fighters. From their smile
altitude the German bombers start
long diDes on their London targets,
so to so miles aUay, losing perhaps
10000 feet of altitude and attaining
speeds OF up to $50 miles per hour.
Evening star., 1940-12-08

A graphic picture of the British
problem OF defending London
against bombing attacks has been
brought to Washington BY a former
American Army officer, ,Dho has OBJ
served the bHtskrieg for t,Do months.
This is Star Staff Artist NeUman
Sudduth's conception of the tech
nique employed by the Germans.
The Nasis, to gain increased bomb
carrying capacity, hare robbed their
bomberS OF arnaor and guns.
Evening star., 1940-09-12
$50 6oc ond 79c
Royon Undies, 3 for ST

Summer sheer and novelty rayon panties,
briefs, step-ins and vests.
Silk Pantie Girdle OF rayon lace. Small
size Was S1.69
I Spun-Lo Rayon Slips; were &1.35 and
sI85 s9c
8 Rayon Crepe and Satin Slips; broken
sizes. Were for 81
The Paiais Royal,
Rayos Indies First Floor
Evening star., 1940-09-12
73 Poirs Reg. 81
SLIPPERS $I.I9

Various styles; broken sizes. Leather
soles.
50 Pairs Buster Brown Shoes in
misses and small children's sizes.
Short lines. Were $3.50 to S395, S1.29
The Pninis Royal.
F0ofuear Second Floor
Evening star., 1940-09-12
TOILETRIES

48 Ybry Lipsticks. Were 25c-----10c
IL Makeup Boxes. Were 35c-19c
II Head Bands for makeup. Were Csc.
19c
80 Ybry Lipsticks, in dark mahogany;
splendid with the new Fall colors.
Is Bath Mitts. Were SOC -25c
AZ Mastin's Eye Lifts. Were 59c- 3sc
Handy Electric Shaver. Was s2s5. 81
Monarch Electric Shavers. Were SIS.
81
10 Gross Soap: CASTLE, Cold Cream,
Palm and some Jergins in pink and
10 Marty Lipsticks. Were $l----25c
The Palais Royal,
ToiietyieS First Floor
Evening star., 1940-09-12
SPORTSWEAR

20 Angora and Zephyr Cardigans
in pastel shades. Were S3.95, S2.67
/ Velveteen Jacket. Was $685.. $4.67
20 Hand-Knit Sweaters. Were
The Pal0is Royal,
Sportspear Third Floor
Evening star., 1940-09-12
COATS AND SUITS

I Reversible Suits In green or wine. Sizes IA. Is
and 1s Originally s22 95----------------- 95 s11.s5
S Scotia Shetland Tweed Coats in brown. heather
blue or navy Sizes 10 to 20. Originally s22s5
s14s7
/ Fine Monotone Wool Coat In pink; size Is.
Originally
Spun Rayon Suits; whites, sizes l6 and 49,
Originally sIo.s5 s5s7
Tweed Suit, gold, size 1s Originally $685. s10ss
1 Honey Fleece Coat, size IS. Originally s22 s5
s1297
3 Lightweight Box Coats navy, sizes SO and AZ;
black. size A; originally s1795--- sS87
White Sharkskin Goats; sizes Il and IA; origi-
nally So 95 SI69
The Palais Royal, Salts and Goats :. :. Third Floor
Evening star., 1940-09-12
JEWELRY

2 Rhinestone Pins. Were Sis SS.95
Rhinestone Pins. Were S895S5
5 Cigarette Gases. Were S195-S1
The ,Paiais Royal,
ToiIenies First Floor
Evening star., 1940-09-12
ART NEEDLEWORK

27 Balls Angora Yarn, broken colors Was
35c ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS l0c
Stamped Baby Quilts, including applique
and binding Were soc 9c 800
Stamped Boudoir Pillows; organdy covers,
lace trimmed. Were 39c--19 19c
Stamped Linen Scarfs, 18x36 inches. Were
89c NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS. 69c
10 Stamped Linen Vanity Sets, 3 pieces
lace or scalloped edge. Were &c., 59c
8 Stamped Vanity Sets, hemstitced, ready to
crochet. Were - I9c
l Handembroidered Quilt with applique pat
tSAAi' was 81 f'0V
Knitted Baby Blanket in pink: satin bound
Was 81 Observation-Disclosures S298
l Appliqued Baby Quilt, finished with red
piping. Was 81 S2.98
Crocheted Handbag in gimp. Was 81 so, 75c
The Palais Royal,
Art Neediework Fifth Floor
Evening star., 1940-09-12
q; &a4@g z !. a: Z! 2;
Il Street Al Eleventh District 44oo/
Reg. Sl.95 to $3.50
GLOVES &c

Suede, kidskin and pigskin in broken sizes
and colors Some slightly mussed.
liz Pairs Suede Gloves in black and few
colors. Were $1.39 to $3.50 -79c
10 Pairs Fabric Gloves; were $l.5O-5o
The Paiais Royal,
Cloves First Floor
Evening star., 1940-09-12

Short-sleeved, hooded, wool jersey jerkin
blouses in attractive street shades. Small,
medium and large sizes.
IS Women's White Ascot Scarfs for street
wear. Were sec 29c
Tie Palais Royal,
Neckwear First Floor
Evening star., 1940-09-12

so Shake-Away Dust Mops. Were 81 20 39c
"a Vegetable Bins Were Sl.3s -3sc
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1940-01-19

Terry McGinnis. popular young
Irish heavyweight from Modesto,
Calf. and Bill Sledge, Minneapolis
grappler who made an impressive
debut here this week. were signed
today by Promoter Jack Conner as
opponents in the five-round semi
final on the wrestling card Monday
night at Greenwich coliseum.
For McGinnis, it will mean q
chance to regain main event pres
tige he lost two weeks ago when
he dropped a questionable verdict
to George Wilson, verdict, Incl
dentally. that the Californian still
thinks went to the wrong man.
Az for Sledge, the semi-final
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1940-01-19
congdon Has
Score Of rs

SAN FRANCISCO. Oal-Pacific
Northwest golfers continued their
poor shoving in the California WIN
ter tournaments BY hanging up
high scores yesterday In the first
round Of the 5000 San Francisco
match play open.
National A ateur Champion
Marvin tBudl Ward Of Spokane
played sub-par golf for the first
six holes but then his game went
sour and he finished with . n.
Ward reached the semi-finals last
year.
Charles (Chuck) Congdon Of
Tacoma was four over par on
his hast six holes and carded .
Is. Congdon WAS the tourna-
ment's nedalist two years ago.
Neil Christian OF Yakima, run
ner-up three years ago. was out Of
the running with an 80.
Ted Longworth Of Portland had
. two over par u.
Three professionals cracked two
strokes off par. Al Kruger. Bel
oft. Wis. Lawson Little. New
Hampshire. and Marvin Stahl.
Lansing. Mich. had the 70's.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1940-01-19
Husky-Oregon
Games On Air

The University of Oregon has,
ketbsll team. defending champions
of the Pacific Coast Conference,
face a crucial two game series in
meeting the University of WASH
ington at Seattle Friday and Sat
urday nights.
Although the Oregonians
started the season In . slight
~ more impressive manner
than did the Huxkies, the
games this weekend should
prove thrillers.
Describing the play-by-play &C
ton both nights viii be Associated
Sportscaster Leo Lassen, with the
games to be aired over station
kRSC, Seattle, starting at s p. m