davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1940-09-28
FL0RIDIAN in
THREE WARS

MIAMI BEACH, Sept. %
FNS)--Charles F. Stehlin. an
18-year-old soldier of fortune. re-
turned last week with two medaIs
to his credit from three cam
paignS
Young Stehlin fought on
Frances side in the Spanish Civil
War. served with the Finnish
forces against Soviet Russia. and
drove an American ambulance in
field service during the German
invasion of France. For valor in
the latter campaigns he was
awarded the croix de guerre and
field service medal
Stehlin is the son of Col Joseph
C. Stehlin, Miami Beach. a flyer
in the famed French Escadrille
Lafayette during the first world
war. who fought in five cam
paigns and was awarded -
medals.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1940-09-28
Contractors Now
Preparing Plans
Key West Officials Met
In Miami Last Night
With Representative
Cannon

The United States Navy engi-
neers have negotiated a contract
for construction of the Key West
squeducf line. This advice was
contained in a dispatch from
Washington sent to Congressman
Pat Cannon this morning at his
Miami office.
Stating that the navy is about
to sign the contract, the advice
also included word that the con-
tracing firm had been ordered to
prepare plans and specifications
for two plans. l. All Navy. and.
= z. -68-OpeTaiIou with the Florida
KEYS Aqueduct Commission.
The information was sent to
Rep. Cannon at the request of a
joint-cOmmittec meeting in Miami
last evening. consisting of COM
mission chairman VIM. T. Dough-
try. Jr-. attorney S P. RObineau,
Ernest Ramsey, VIM. MOnSal-
vatge. Melvin T. Russell and Ever
eft Russell. who sat in with Mr..
Cannon on the aoueduct confer
ence.
The message stated that when
plans and specifications are
ready. the navy will go ahead
with plan number one unless. by
that time. the aqueduCt commits
sion has made available funds,
which they claim to have on
hand. and has made a concrete
and acceptable offer of co-Opera-
ton in the matter of water dis
tTibutiOn
Chairman Doughty stated that
the commission would agree TO
adopt a resolution giving full
powers 10 proceed in line with
the advice received.
Concern was felt locally. in con-
nectiOn with the aqueduct, when
il was heard yesterday that the
265th Regiment. Florida National
Guard. would not train in this
city in that adequate water sup
plies were not available.
Preliminary orders indicated
that this regiment, which in
cludeS Battery e" of Key West.
would train in Galveston, Tex.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1940-09-28
By MORGAN NJ. BEATTY.

WASHINGTON, Sept %
Months ago qualified military
observers expected a showdown
for Dakar as a key position in the
struggle to control the Straits of
Gibraltar.
In mid-AuguSt they showed
me on a map how Hitler and
MuSsolini must nave been plan
ming a triple play against Brit
ain-againSt ID the British Isles.
(2l Gibraltar, and CD Suez.
On the basis of what the ex-
pertS told me then, l predicted
the triple play that has now come.
Obviously the British knew it
was coming. When the early
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1940-09-28
AXIS EFFORT TO DEFEAT BRITISH
BLOCKADE Led TO DAKAR INCIDENT
AP Feature Service Writer

AP Feature Service Writer
signs of it appeared, they struck
back like lightning.
Here is the story as told by
one of the experts:
Regardless of which way goes
the battle for Britain, the general
Axis objective this fall must be
the British blockade. The Axis
has tried to crack it UP north.
failed so far. Now that winters
coming, it must try in the hot
countries. The focal points:
Gibraltar and or Suez
Reasons are plentiful Like
Scandinavia, southern Europe,
where sea trade is life, is stag
nant. Jobs are dwindling. Food
Continued on Page Four
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1940-09-28
MOUNTING PRICES?
Reflection OF Good Times
ASK "AUNT HIT"
BY JACK STINNETT
AP Feature Service Writer

WASHINGTON, Sept. %. =
You'll have to take up your
problem of rising prices with
Aunt Hit" but if you are less
familiar with Dean Harriet Ell
lott than l am (which is know
ing her hardly al alb you had
better not address her that way.
Prices are up here in Washing
ton, too. Government officials
aren't worried yet and although
sturdy. round-faced Defense
Commissioner Elliott has been
buster than an ice cream mer-
chant in mid-AuguSt, she hasn't
-(sn far as I knog) hid - -9at :he
screws down on anybody yet.
What the administration and
Miss Elliott figure so far Is that
the upcOming prices are merely a
reflection of improved industrial
conditions However if you feel
differently about it, write Aunt
Hit a letter, in care of the De-
Tense Commission, 10th and Con-
StitutiOn Ave.
I'll guarantee that if you have
a legitimate cause. you won't get
ignored. Aunt Hit is so darned
busy NOT ignoring people that
she has had to cancel her three
timeS-a-week golf game and give
up swimming. For the former
Dean of Women at North Caro-
lima u, that's a heap of being
busy.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1940-09-28
BASES
WASHINGTON.

WASHINGTON. - American
naval officers are already inspect
ing sites for the bases to be es-
tabliShed on British territory as a
result of the recent destroyer
base swap Meanwhile, Secre-
tary Hull informed the twenty
Latin-American republics that
they would be free to use the new
bases ION the fullest co-opera-
tive basis.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1940-09-28
NO TIC z
DELINQUENT TAXPAYERS

Tuesday, October /. 1890 is the
expiration date for settling 1886
and prior years taxes on the 80
per cent cash basis.
SAMUEL B. PINDER.
Tax Collector-Assessor.
sept2e, 1e4o-lt
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1940-09-28
World Divided Int Three
Spheres Raj Ard
Nan B0uberS ConfInue
Aerial Acfian

LONDON. So al -
encs VIA tns as AZ 49,
q 11s 111z4zE-Ez - II -
r1Ps snd Aziz Ez - 49,
Wa EE~Ezzl -HzE- -
tE-prE1e-E hE-e 49, 49, -
Urz1er EsEseE
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1940-09-28

Key West, FloridA, kzs -
most eQuable climate = "a
country; with e. EE7Es
range OF only IL FEh-Ezhs<
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1940-09-28

Associated Press Day Wire
Service
For go Years Devoted to the
Best Interests of Key West
Evening star., 1940-04-14
Army Drivers Must FOLLOW Rigid Rules
By WiIliam Austin.

course, designed solely for the use
Of the military, and most Of 1t deals
with subjects directly connected
with war operations. It contains,
however, discussions Of many mat
ters Of common interest and i'm
portance to all who own or. drive
motor vehicles. Many parts Of it
contain suggestive material which
may well be pondered by all.
Lessons for Owners.
Almost at the outset, the manual
has a section dealing with vehicle
abuse" In view Of the stepchild
treatment suffered by all too many
automobiles at the hands of their
owners or drivers, this passage Of
the manual has particular peril
nence. It carries a series Of capsule
lessons for all car owners and oper-
ators.
vehicle abuse" the manual says,
"is the chief cause of mechanical
failures, excessive operating and
maintenance costs and general un-
satisfactory performance Of the
motor vehicle and its component
parts.
THE following forms Of vehicle
Evening star., 1940-04-14

warehouse, built by Gen. Van Ness
in anticipation Of the business
which he believed would come to
this part Of the city, and here was
also built q large wharf.
Evening star., 1940-04-14

In the early nineteen hundreds,
Mansion Square with its buildings
was bought by George Washington
University, which, according to The
Star of February 13, 1907, was plan
ming to sell it and buy the Dean
tract (Temple .Heights) for $500, 900.
But the deal was never consum-
mated.
The old Burnes cottage, which, In
1871. was said to be not less than
lbs years old, is also stated to have
originally stood upon the bank Of
the Potomac, the water being 10
feet deep within 20 rods of the
dwelling, but due to the erection of
Long Bridge, authorized by Con.
gress in 1908, and from other causes,
mainly Improvements. nothing of
the early conditions of this locality
are to be seen today.
Referring to this old cottage in
1883, correspondent Of the WASH
ington press has this to say:
THE people Of Washington owe
something to the memory of the
dweller In this humble cottage, as
well as to that of the great founder
of the city whose monument now
casts its shadow athwart the former
transferred acres, and it cannot be
that the residents of this highly
favored city will yield up to the
ravages Of time this most inter-
esting relic without at least making
the effort to secure and preserve it
to future generations"
Evening star., 1940-04-14

As owner Of one Of the largest
fleets Of motor vehicles IN the world
the United States Army has q very
direct concern in the proper opera
ton Of highway rolling stock, par
ticularly its own. Not only in this
country, but in American posses
sions overseas, the Army has liter
ally thousands of automobiles, many
thousands Of trucks and even buses
and motorcycles. Naturally, 1t wants
this property intelligently main
tanned and skillfully operated-espe-
cially in wartime.
So the War Department. through
the chief of Field Artillery, has been
looking into this whole general sub
ject for some time. AS a result, it
recently published an exhaustive
194-page volume Of rules governing
the handling of its automobiles and
trucks. It is called the Motor
Transport Basic Field Manual and,
according to the two-line "foreword"
by Gen. G. c. Marshall, chief Of
staf1, it Is issued "for the informa-
ton and guidance Of all concerned"
This Army trafnc guidebook is, Of
Evening star., 1940-04-14

The mansion was designed by La
trobe, one Of the architects Of the
Capitol, and is said to have been
modelled after the White House.
The brickwork was covered with q
rough stucco, pebble dashed. There
were two lodges on either side OF the
gate at the main entrance and the
stable, destroyed by fire in 1861, was
also of elaborate construction.
The cost OF the building and i'm
provements to the grounds could not
have been less than $4,000, which
would mean at least four or five
times as much today, and when
finished it was regarded as the finest
country seat on this side Of the At
lantic. Hot and cold water was
piped to every room in the house,
the only dwelling, it Is said, so
equipped in America at that time.
In the two grand drawing rooms, 20
by 80 feet deep, special elaborate
mantelpieces were installed.
The many works of art were
wrought in Italy of the finest Italian
marble. One sculptured scene rep
resented the battle of New Orleans,
carved in honor of Gen. jackson,
between whom and Gen. Van Ness
there existed the strongest friend
ship.
Underneath the basement of the
mansion was a splendid wine vault,
dug out Of the solid rock. Here, so
the story goes, it was planned by
Booth and his fellow conspirators to
conceal Mr. Lincoln in case Of the
success Of an abduction scheme that
never materialized.
On the southeast corner Of the
grounds there was q large stone
Evening star., 1940-04-14
By JoAn CIasstt Proctor.

additional Pictures In Roto-
oydrure Section.)
Evening star., 1940-04-14

But eventually the old Burnes cot
tage, like the Van Ness mansion,
had to give way to progress and 50,
on May "a. 1894, we hnd The Star
saying:
"Davy Burnes' cottage Is no more.
It was torn down yesterday by
order Of those engaged In laying out
the Columbia Athletic Clubs new
grounds. In spite Of its apparently
dilapidated condition, the structure
required the most forcible handling
to demolish. Down to the lowest
brick In the foundation strong and
united efforts Of the workmen were
required to level 1t. It was allowed
to stand until the last moment, in
the hope that it would not interfere
with the various fields, but the ne
cessity for its demolition became
imperative"
Among the relics OF the Columbia
Historical Society Is the mantel-
piece of David Burnes' modest home
salvaged from the dining room by
the late James F. Hood, and pre-
sented py him to the society In
1915.
The directors of the Pan-Amer-
ican Union from the beginning
include, in the following order, Will
lialr E. Curtis, Clinton Furbish,
Joseph P. Smith, Frederick Emory,
w. w. Rockhill, william c. Fox.
John Barrett and L. s. Rowe, and
the present principal ofi1cers In
Evening star., 1940-04-14

Clement Studebaker, Morris N.
Estee and John F. Hanson.
w. B. Grifin, chief clerk of the
Pan American Union, was q page
boy at this first conference and
has been connected with the organ
ization ever since. Because OF this
fact he has the distinction of also
rounding out his so years Of serv-
Ice at this time.
Unique Event.
It is said that the first interna-
tional conference referred to owed
its existence to Mr.. Blaine, the
"Plumed knight" as he was politi-
cally called, and that as an event
1t was unique in the history Of the
world. At any rate Mr.. Blaine did
preside during the conference, and
no one better equipped for this duty
could have been selected, since he
had been Speaker of the House of
Representatives before being made a
Senator In Congress. He had also
served as Secretary Of State In the
cabinet Of President James A. Gar
field and was with the President
when he received his mortal wound,
July 2, 1881. In 1884 he was q can
didate for the presidency and was
defeated by Grover Cleveland, and
when the first conference was held
he was again Secretary of State,
this time in the cabinet of Ben
jamin Harrison.
Andrew Carnegie, the great IRON
master, philanthropist and humani-
tartan, helped materially with his
advice IN making the first confer
ence success, and when the erec-
ton of a permanent home for the
Pan-American Union was suggested,
he made this possible through his
contribution Of $750,0O0.
Henry G. Davis, also mentioned as
having attended the first conference,
was for a while a United States
Senator and a defeated candidate
for Vice President on the ticket with
Alton B. Parker in 1904. He was
chairman of the Pan-American
Railway Committee from its organ
ization in 1901 until his death here
on March II, 1916. ..-... ....-
The handsome building occupied
by the Pan-American Union, at
Seventeenth street and Constitution
avenue, cost, together with the site,
approximately 100000 and, as
stated, Mr.. Carnegie gave three
fourths of this sum "for the achieve
ment Of his ideal of universal peace
throughout the world and good will
among nations"
Noted for Beauty.
Many descriptions of the Pan
American Building have been
printed, and no doubt many will fol-
low, for it truly is one of the most
beautiful buildings in all America.
However, the building is always on
exhibition and visitors are warmly
welcomed and greeted. But this is
not so with the historic buildings
that once occupied the site-the Van
Ness mansion and the David Burnes
cottage, both of which were removed
just prior to the erection Of the
present building.
The palatial house erected in
Evening star., 1940-04-14

about It, Since then I have left the
episode to history"
Leaving the military service, DR..
Leale returned to New York, where
he had been reared, added to his
medical studies, and became a dis
tinguished practitioner.
Gone are all those who had parts
in Booths escape, capture, death and
burial, or in aftermath incidents
having to do with those convicted of
taking part in the conspiracy that
led to Lincoln's death. That part
Of the record is closed to contribu-
tions of accounts from the memories
Of living persons. It is in many
ways q curious record-and, though
a big one, incomplete. There prob
ably are enough unclosable gaps in
it to give basis, for all time, to a
measure Of doubt as to whether
Booth really was driven to quarter
on the Garrett farm and was slain
or committed suicide as the record
claims or got away and lived long
thereafter.
One of the last to die among those
close to Booth at that time was
John H. Surratt, whose mother,
Mary E. Surratt, was hanged for
alleged and circumstantially proved
aid to Booth in pursuing the con-
spiracy. John Surratt was one of
Booths closest friends and there is
little doubt that he had q hand in
the first conspiracy formulated by
Booth against the President. The
aim Of that one was only the kid
naping of Lincoln and his delivery to
Confederate State authorities. Moth
ing came of it.
The old theater is now q Lincoln
museum, operated by the Federal
Government, as is the little house
across the street where Lincoln died.
Both are visited by thousands each
year.
But unmarked, forgotten, and
known to but q handful rs the third
in the triangle" OF Washington
buildings which played . part in the
Lincoln tragedy is . little house at
No. 604 H street NV, now the heart
Of the Capitals Chinatown.
This Is the Surratt house. Here
Booth roomed and here, the record
shows, tho plot against the President
was Matched. Garish yellow paint
covers IT'S ancient bricks, and orr
entail merchandise is for sale within
Its memory-laden walls. But no
marker informs the passerby that it
was from this house 75 years ago
today, Booth left to do the deed that
the world win never cease mourning.
Evening star., 1940-04-14

by the bullet was kept clear Of blood
clots, to reduce the pressure on the
brain, respiration was stimulated
artificially, and small doses of
brandy were given internally.
The three emergency physicians
were joined at the rooming house
by the Lincoln family doctor and the
surgeon general of the Army. DR..
Leale said Mrs. Lincoln asked him
to remain and that he, on her
designation, continued to be profess
sionally In charge of the case until
the end.
Could Not Be Saved.
with what has been learned since
then, could he have been saved?"
DR.. Leale was aked.
NO." he replied. "No expedient
known would have achieved more
than we accomplished. Wounds Of
the kind suffered by MIR. Lincoln
usually result in death Immediately
or within an hour. Keeping the
President alive about nine hours was
itself a feat that would be remark
able, under like circumstances, now" =
In his memoir he expressed the
opinion that the physicians rendered
an important public service in
preserving Lincolns s life through the
night. For Lincoln was President
until the end. The general situation
was critical. Had his death been
instantaneous and become known
immediately-and under the cir
cumstances the death would have
been known publicly at once-events
threating the safety Of the Govern
ment might have followed. Sub
ordinate authorities, as 1t was, had
time to prepare for meeting and
dealing with the situation.
BY Mrs. Lincoln's special direction
he was given q place of honor at the
funeral ceremonies in Washington.
Throughout his life he kept the
sword he wore on the occasion. The
creme he tied to the hilt never was
removed. He was In civilian dress
when he attended the dying Lincoln
and kept the CUTS, stained by Lin
coins blood, which he wore that
night.
at was for q youngster, as was,
q terrible experience" DR.. Leale said.
after it was oil over, the reaction
from the enormous responsibility
that had been thrust upon me by
fate was Oppressive. I couldn't help
wondering II I had done my best.
I couldn't sleep. I went to the sur
geon general and spoke to him about
II. You did III that was possible,
he said 70 me. Now don't think
Evening star., 1940-04-14

the President be removed at once to
the White House. DIR. Leale said he
advised that the President probably
would not survive the tostling over
the cobblestone pavement. Thus It
probably Is due to him that Lincoln
was taken TO Q rooming house across
the street, whore he died, - be had
Evening star., 1940-04-14
By Herbert HoHander.

Exactly IS years ago today, on
April IA, 1865, there occurred the
classic tragedy of American history,
the assassination of Abraham Lin
coin.
During the three-quarters Of a
century which has elapsed since that
fateful, never-to-be e-forgotten night
when Lincoln was struck down in
Ford's Theater in Washington, every
aspect of the tragedy has been
studied in exhaustive detail.
Yet even today there are shadows
and doubts which never have been
dispelled and seemingly never win
be. Today, IS years after, there are
many who believe that the whole
story of the murder Of Abraham
Lincoln has not been told and that
the veil of mystery which shrouds
some of its aspects cannot ever be
pierced.
There may perhaps be some one
still alive today who was in Ford's
on that night when President and
Mrs. Lincoln were there, but no one
still lives who was a participant in
the events of those awesome hours
between the time John Wilkes Booth
fired the shot and Lincoln breathed
his last on the morning Of April Is,
In the little house Of Peterson, the
tailor, across the street from the
theater. 49,
But dead less than 10 years Is .
man whose connection with the
event was perhaps the closest Of all;
q man whose whole life was Shad-
owed by his memories Of that night.
Yet few ever knew Of his intimate
association with one Of the climactic
events of history, and 1t was With
reluctance that he consented to an
Interview shortly before he died, just
a few years ago.
His name was Charles Augustus
Leale and when interviewed he was
the last person alive who figured in
timately in the great and moving
events of April 14-15. 1865.
Had Medical Skill.
It was he, q youth just out Of
medical school, who was the drst
from beyond the box to reach the
dying President. It was DR.. Leale
who took charge Of the case and
remained In charge until the PreM-
dent passed away. It was he, barely
Evening star., 1940-04-14

been reared, IN an humble environ
ment.
The other physicians agreed with
the young doctor that 1t would be
useless to attempt to remove the
bullet from Ltncoln's brain. Only
ameliorative measures ware used, DR..
Leale explained. The opening made
Evening star., 1940-04-14
Lincoln Received Fatal Shot Hands Booth

out Of school, whose prognosis was
pronounced correct to the last de-
gree and to whom goes the credit for
keeping the President alive for nine
Of the gravest hours in American
history.
Virtually his first case, it was his
most important. And so indelibly
did those nine hours leave their i'm
press on the life of the young doctor
that never throughout the subse-
quent more than IS years Of his fife
was he able to forget.
This is a phase of the story Of the
Lincoln assassination which is least
known and 1t was a rare privilege
to have heard it from the lips of the
man who, sitting by the dying Lin
coins bedside as his physician, was
present throughout the entire un-
folding Of the drama.
1t was DR.. Leale who diagnosed
the wound, administered first-aid
treatment, and determined on the
medical procedure that was followed
TO the end. Beyond a brief memoir,
which he read to medical society
more than 30 years ago, he never
publicly discussed his experiences Of
that night. In fact, SO silent was he
that 1t was only following his recent
death that many who knew him for
years were aware Of the part he
played.
II have tried to avoid everything
that tended to make vivid to me
again those experiences" DR.. Leale
said.
Leaped Over Seats.
And those experiences came to
him mostly by accident. Being OF
duty that night, he went to Ford's,
where he sat far back on the first
floor. He heard the shot and saw
Booth Jump from the box and fall
upon the stage, as one OF the actors
spurs caught in the nag which
draped the box. He heard some one
in the box Or on the stage ask In q
loud voice If a physician was In the
audience. Then he knew some one,
but he had no notion who, had been
injured. Much Of an athlete, he
leaped over rows of seats, fought his
way through the panicky crowd and
got to the box only moment or
two after the attack.
He examined the wound and was
convinced 1t was mortal. His progno-
sis, he said, WAS confirmed by other
physicians who came later. Two Of
these, DR.. Charles 8. Taft and Dr..
Albert +. King, reached the box from
J the audience. Il Nas suggested that
Evening star., 1940-04-14

Mansion Square in 1916 was built by
Gen. John p. Van Ness, who had
married the only daughter of David
Burnes. famous throughout the
country as the beautiful heiress,"