davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1940-06-30
Need of Fighting Recruiting

In fact, many thousands already
have been enrolled for the purpose
of bringing undermanned organi-
Eations up to something resembling
7roper strength.
Qualities of Recruit.
What are the qualifications of
recruit? First of all he must be
between the ages of IS and 35 for
original enlistment. Secondly-and
Dan Cupid probably will register a
formal protest-he must be unmar-
ried and without other dependents
Those under 81 years of age must
have the written consent of parents
or guardians. The recruit must be
at least S feet inches tall and weigh
not less than lis pounds.
Uncle Sam insists that he be of
good moral character as evidenced
by written testimonials from repu-
table citizens of the respective COM
munities. He must be citizen of
the United States by birth or natu-
ralization and in good health and
free from incapacitating deform-
tiles. Finally, he must be able to
Evening star., 1940-06-30
BY Herbert HOIIander.

Join the United States Army;
an Excellent Career for Excellent
Young Mem"
Join the Navy and See the
World!"
Join the Marines; the Service for
He-Men!"
In every city and town and cross
roads hamlet in the United States,
tens of thousands of outstanding
young men who can meet the quail
fications are enlisting either in the
Army, the Navy or the Marine Corps
as the three services push the most
energetic recruiting drives since
World War days.
These drives are the result of ex-
ecutive orders issued recently by the
President of the United States di-
recting substantial increases in the
man power of the services and they
are an important but thus far little
publicized phase of the national de-
fense measures necessitated by the
world crisis.
However, although many addi-
Evening star., 1940-06-30
Fighting Ships Promised
With Strong Air Bases
Legislative Leaders Are Giving
Much Attention to Needs of
Country in This Branch
BY SENATOR DAVID I. WALSH
of Massachusetts,,
Chairman of the Senate Napdl Affairs Comm

Chairman of Napd Affairs Committee
We have the best time Navy
country the Europe
that there multiplicity of has has made various
modernzaon necessary problem
gigantic of geographic situation,
and the War and rapidly build
including defense against
nations reasonably the
present conditions
misunderstanding Misrepresentation
with respect Navy 1t Is that between 1922 and 1884
allowed rapidly agreements
reasonable
limitation naval amamen would be agreed On December
1885, all efforts in this direction failed and all the limitation
treaies-none of them very sweeping-expired
Since then have proceeded fairly rapidly until
awakened position
large increase in naval shipbuidng and apane
years have added ships
to replace obsolete
under construction including batteps IA submarines and 30
desoyers addition
1910 thus far this session have appropriated funds
vessels and appropriation bill
be enacted before adjournment
These vessels, including
be ready for service for least
should be commissioned in two three When this
in the years have balanced
Navy of approximately 522
March 1940 and ISL
total of 301 combat vessels
one under-age and II vessels
of our limited number of naval arpanes becoming
In addition expansion program rapidly
increasing
we have made much that direction
two to train pilots and to build aircraft
In conclusion let
in view of the world situation geographic location
and freedom participation European
If we become involved in the European finally
compelled to fight the victorious enemies the Allies
into possession Of of the naval fleets
France believe all question not
Navy when expanded two
for our deenses ard as impegnable all Americans
Evening star., 1940-06-30

the United States, Great Britain and
Japan-as it was also Of our United
States naval policy of Navy sec
ond to none" The United States
was neither adding units nor pro-
viding requirements in a way to,
maintain "a Navy second to none"
status.
True, war clouds had not yet be-
gun to appear, but naval deficien-
cieS cannot be repaired quickly. The
new administration promptly sought
to correct past neglect by an allo-
cation of $238 100000 from the Ma
tional Industrial Recovery appro-
priations toward construction COM
mencing in the fiscal year 1884 of
80 naval vessels, the complete cost
of which was 1901, 10000. This was
followed by an allotment of $23,-
$50 1000 in the Emergency Construc-
ton Act of June 10, 1884, to start
Evening star., 1940-06-30

tional thousands are now being en-
rolled in the Army, Navy and Ma
rine Corps, even when their present
enlistment goals are reached the
man power of the military services of
the United States will be only a
fraction of that commanded by
many other nations, smaller and also
at peace.
Every one is familiar with the
signs which mark an Army, Navy or
Marine Corps recruiting station. and
some may have noted the reappear-
ance of posters, rlacards, newspaper
advertisements urging qualified
young men to enlist. What's the
story behind the present renewed
activity?
Let's consider the Army, because
1t is seeking the largest number Of
recruits
The Army is going to be increased
from $4,000 men to 227,000 men,
and in every one of the nine corps
areas of the country recruiting is
being pushed vigorously and, Army
officials declare. with excellent re-
suits.
Evening star., 1940-06-30

cruiting methods. There is no high
pressuring of boys to enter the serv-
ice. Recruiting stations have been
established throughout the country.
In front of each there walks a re-
cruiting officer, usually a non-com,
who is available for questioning or
who may tactfully approach likely
looking young man.
The recruiting officer is expert
enced and can quickly size up the
prospect and determine whether he
is likely to meet the necessary phys
ical tests. A few questions usually
are enough to determine whether to
take him into the recruiting Office
for further examinations.
The prospective recruit in all
three branches is given a very frank
picture of his duties and RESPONSE
bilities, of the sort of a life he will
lead and of its advantages as a
builder of body, character and mind.
Even during the present intensive
recruiting period there has been a
sedulous avoidance of forcing"
tactics.
Evening star., 1940-06-30
BY Viii p. Kennedy.


The United States will
legislation that enacted
carried out according to the testimony of experts who
made intensive
o superior Navy the Nations first line
within yearsth bulk within
ons and authorizations the building
than S0500OO0DOO
Already the United States
he OF fleets other
geographical requirement. and the probable heaters naval
Inc WNhn-lour-years makes
peror not only in fighting ships but wetrained
LANDING force
eyes OF the Navy and an important arm of combat
with this building baesps
o supplies of big ammunition auxiliary
with the building and maintenance of ships including
docks and facilities.
Under the
Paclh Alaska Puerto Rco
master minds
expansion aviation landing
of
outside of the Hawaiian
beyond Its own shores leaders wish There
sentiment several stubborn
the Navy no doubt would like to improvements
PhppneS Guantanamo Cuba
ndereny since the Spanish All these
TO the the
expected to become part of the general national defense
chamen the House
Jointly introduced an administration BILL
approximately SO auxiliary completed
n tbp lo
Evening star., 1940-06-30

which constitute challenge to DEM
ocratic government.
High American Rank.
Ship for ship, gun for gun, man
Tor man, there is practically
unanimity of opinion that the
United States Navy is not surpassed
by any other naval force in the
world. Others go farther and de-
clare unequivocally the United
States Navy to be the most potent
of any in the world, and they ex-
clude units on the way and in the
blueprint stage. This is probably
true, particularly in view of the
British losses since the start of the
present war with Germany. Some
may challenge the supremacy claim,
however, despite the British losses
and, OF course, to support their po-
sltion they cite numbers and tom
nages by categories, discregading
respective national needs-such as
far-f1ung colonies and dependence
upon foreign sources of supply; also
likely theaters of combat. These
were factors given much weight at
all s-limitation conferences and
had part in the allowances finally
written into the ensuing treaties.
There are those, also, who like to
confine comparisons to .so-called
under-age units. No such line of
demarcation existed prior to the
Washington Arms Conference in
1922. 1t was then formulated as, to
capital ships and was later extend
ed to all combatant catergories in
the London treaty of 1880. These
treaties, no longer effective, arbi-
trarily declared vessels 10 be over
age ranging from 13 years from
date of completion in the case of
submarines to 26 years in the case
of battleships. Right now our Navy
is engaged in reconditioning and
commissioning large number of
over-age destroyers and submarines
which Navy witnesses indicated to
Congress would be valuable and
potent additions to the fleet. These
over-age vessels, therefore, cannot
be discontinued in measuring naval
strength. Those not in full COM
mission status always constitute a
valuable reserve and must be reck-
oned in any computation of naval
strength.
Following the Washington con-
ference in 1922 our Government in
effect declared a naval expansion or
replacement holiday. Between 1922
and 1880, the latter being the year
of the London treaty, the following
table shows the number of COM
batant vessels, i.e., cruisers, aircraft
carriers, destroyers and submarines,
laid down by the five signatory pow
ers:
Evening star., 1940-06-30

the fallacy of the policy of disarma-
ment by example The Washington
treaty fixed the size and number of
capital ships. the size and maxi
mum tonnage of aircraft carriers,
and prescribed replacement dates.
1t was on-restrictive as to other
categories, and the United States
as the table indicates, was the only
one of the signatory powers which
curbed constructing new units to
which no limit was applied.
Idea of London Treaty.
The London treaty of 1880 was
framed with the idea of checking
this race in the lighter units and
vase made restrictive as to light
and heavy cruisers, destroyers and
submarines. For the next four
years, however, America continued
to mark time, much as it had done
under the earlier Washington treaty,
as illustrated in the following con-
tinuation of the preceding table:
Evening star., 1940-06-30

All three services have found that
their recent recruits are of an espe-
cially high level of intelligence and
the 10 of the United States Regular
Army in peacetime unquestionably
is above that of any similar organ
ization in the world. Furthermore
and these factors perhaps are closely
allied-the American Regular Army
pays more; chances for promotion
are greater; opportunities to learn a
useful trade are more broadly avail
able, and food and quarters are of a
far higher order. The same holds
true in the Navy and Marine Corps.
Of group of recent recruits the
Army found that 241 were college
graduates, 3,578 had some college
training, 1921 were high school
graduates, 20,638 had some high
school education, 59,326 we're born
in the United States and 913 were
foreign born.
The Army finds that small cities
and towns and rural communities
furnish the most recruits.
The three services use similar re-
Evening star., 1940-06-30

pass the intelligence and literacy
tests.
After he successfully has met all
of these varied qualifications, he is
sworn in: He's in the Army now!
And then his training starts. He
learns the rudiments of the soldiers
profession and he is given ample
opportunity to study for special
service.
Since the present recruiting drive
has been on, the Army chiefs in
Washington have been looking over
the lists very carefully, and they
have evolved out of them a figure
which they have termed "the COM
posite recruit"
He's chap 81 years old, S feet
8la inches tall, and he weighs 145
pounds. He halls from a rural dis,
trict and has had some high school
training as well as experience as a
clerk or in mechanical work. He is
native born, has blue eyes, light
brown hair, and wears a size 8-E
shoe. His hat is size 71a; his waist
neat 80; and he wears size 36
regular coat.
Evening star., 1940-06-30

20 additional ships, at a total cost
to complete of Sill, 100000. All of
these 50 vessels have been completed
at cost of S412,850 900. From that
time forward the new program of
building combatant vessels has been
as follows: 1885, "a: 1886, "a; 1887,
20; 1888, IL; 1899, %; 1910, 20, and
1941, 81, all combat ships. This
makes a total of 240 new combat
units over the eight-year period
Since 1888, contrasted with 38 over
the 11-year period from 1923 to
1884.
More Recent Actions.
Other legislation through the
Naval Affairs Committee for the
upbuilding of the long-neglected
Navy establishment, which makes
up the total of $4,20O,OoO, O,OO0, is as
follows:
In the Seventy third Congress:
Evening star., 1940-06-30

Air Station, Pensacola, and the
naval ammunition depotS at Bal
boa and Coco Solo, Canal Zone. (2)
The act of April Is, 1885, at an esti-
mated cost of 100000, established
the grade Of aviation cadet in the
Naval Reserve and Marine Corps
Reserve and provided for their
training and pay. (3) The act of
June 5, 1885, authorized the assign
ment of officers Of the line of the
Navy for aeronautical engineering
duty only. "a The act of July 18,
1885, limited repairs to naval YES
sells to S450,000 for consecutive l8-
month periods. go At an estimated
cost of S9.636,O00 the act of July
%, 1885, regulated the strength and
distribation of line of the Navy.
The authorized strength was in
creased from 5,499 to 6,531 and the
selection law for lower grades was
modified. go With an estimated
saving of S14908 per annum, the
staff corps equalization law was
amended august 5, 1880, and the
principle of selection for promotion
was extended to the ranks of lieu
tenant commander and lieutenant
in the Staff Corps. 60 Appropri-
alton of S3,600000 was authorized
for construction of a ship-model
basin by the act of May 6, 1886. CD
To provide for the acquisition of
land and the development of a
naval air station at Alameda, Calf. .,
$13, 100000 was authorized by the
act of June "a, 1886. (8) The Vim
on-Trammel Act was amended on
June 25, 1886, to exempt certain
scientific equipment from the 10 per
cent limitation of the basic act.
Contractors were allowed to credit
net loss of one year against an
excess profit of the following year.
Various Increases.
In the 18th Congress: ID Inclusion
of Benton Field as part of the Naval
Air Station at Alameda, Calf, was
authorized by act of May 26, 1887.
(2) Appropriation of S50,000,O 900 was
authorized for construction of six
auxiliary vessels, with tonnage of
36,050, by act of July 80, 1887. go In
crease in the Reserve officers Train
ing Corps from 1900 to 2,40O, at an
estimated cost of s89, ,123 per annum,
was authorized by act of August 6,
1887. (4 Appropriation of $780,
900 was authorized (act of August
Is, 1880 for acquisition of land and
construction of a new Naval Hos
pital and Naval Medical School in
Washington. (5) The Naval Expan-
sion Act of May II, 1898, authorized
an increase of As ships $685. ,412 tons)
of combat tonnage. 26 ships Q33, $50
| tons) of auxiliary tonnage and a
minimum of 5000 naval airplanes-
at an estimated cost of ST ,121 ,546 900.
For experimental vessels under 5000
tons, SIS 100000 was authorized. co
Appropriation of 100000 was
authorized for modernization of the
aircraft carriers Saratoga and Lex
ington by the Act of June IS, 1898.
| CD The distribution promotion and
retirement of officers of the Navy
! and Marine Corps was regulated
Evening star., 1940-06-30
United States Navy Be Greatest World Under Plans of Congress
Ten and a Half Billions
Being Spent on Program
Emergency Plans Provide
For Completion of Effort
Within Next Four Years
BY LEWIS COMPTON,
Assistant Secretary of the Napu.

Il believe that today shooting fleet in the world
With the most efcent air We having
started in 1888 to revive spung replace with
modern and efficient warhips the units which had
become ovr-age during the long building building
program is adding modern units increasingly pace But
that pace must be stepped to the limit the Nation
capable This will require dynamic unsehsh prompt and patriotic
cooperation on the part of the Congress- There
us oe no putting on OF the brakes and acksea driving
eet always ready but whether big enoneh in the hour
OF The Nations need will be joint responsibility
we have to guard too dear to fail responsibility"
Evening star., 1940-06-30
BY REPRESENTATIVE CARL VINSON
of Georgia,

Chairman OF House Naua Affairs Committee.
The people of the country rest assured that in fighting
material and personnel the United States Navy
navy in the world.
Our naval aviation that Of other navy
aviation is finished will have the pilots
and
floor amendment increasing this
Evening star., 1940-06-30

Obviously such a building pro-
gram on the part of the United
States was making a myth and a
sham of the 5-5-3 ratio-as between
Evening star., 1940-06-30

The foregoing table we'll illustrates
Evening star., 1940-05-25

ing base for the plug mounting is
steel channel identical with the
type which is being used for the
so-called plug holdings, which are
very popular for Dashboard in
stallations. This channel carries
the necessary electric supply wires
connected into the house lighting
circuit and provides rugged pro-
lection for the lines.
Mounted on the channels and con-
nected to the wires you have a
series of little plug arrangements
according to where you want to
have the tubes located. The tubes
plug into these snap receptacles
and may be removed with ease if
you should want to clean or re-
place them at any time. The
location of the little plugs may
also be changed if you should find
that you want the light in some
other place.
If you want to know the names
of the manufacturers of the products
described in this column, cut the
column out and send it, with a
stamped, self addressed envelope, to
Lawrence Crolius, 81 East Sixty
seventh street, New York.
Evening star., 1940-05-25
Little Backyard
Also Can Boast
OF Pretty Garden
Outdoor Living Room
Effect Comes With
Flower Planning

In Washington, as in other cities,
now and then a condition exists in
which 1t is next to impossible to-
have any garden space in the rear
of the home. Shallow lots often re-
quire that the garage occupy about
all the room there is behind the
house, yet even under this condition
1t is not impossible to have a small
garden-an outdoor living room,
If you care so to designate it.
The accompanying sketch indi-
Gates how the roof of a garage at
tached to a house may be employed
for this purpose, or perhaps a porch
or terrace may be the location.
Just so long as there is room
enough for a cool comfortable chair
and a table for magazines it can
be transformed into a delightful
garden spot. We may call it
flower pot garden, because most of
the plants are grown in pots or tubs
or window boxes, with the idea that
the terrace is paved with brick or
cement.
You may get this garden effect
quickly by purchasing bedding plants
from the florists or you may do it
all yourself from seed. A few
geraniums and a border of ageratum
on the flower boxes will give you
red and blue color for a starter,
Trailing morning glory and moon
vine will give quick wall cover
that blooms by night and day.
Castor bean will give a luxuriant
foliage plant that will help fill the
corners. Trailing nasturtium, pc
tunias and verbena all come quickly
from seed and give much color and
great satisfaction. A combination
Evening star., 1940-05-25
Mccain to Address
Reul Estate Board

irving G. McCann, Washington
attorney, will be guest speaker at a
luncheon meeting of the Washing
ton Real Estate Board Tuesday at
1890 pm. in the Chinese room OF
the Mayflower Hotel.
Mr.. McCann formerly served with
the National Labor Relations Board
as a trial examiner and with the
Department of Justice as a special
assistant to the Attorney General
For several years he has specialized
IN labor relations for employers
He will speak on recent develop
ments in labor relations.
Evening star., 1940-05-25
Plenty Of Devices
Available 10 Relieve
Summer Heat
Equipment Can Be
Installed in Apartments
Without Trouble
BY LAWRENCE CROLIUs.

II you are face to face with
summer to be spent in the hot city,
there's no time like the present
for planning comfort campaign.
Regardless of the type or size of
home in which you live there are
ways and means of keeping it
livable, even in the hottest weather,
which can be fitted to your budget
with a minimum of difficulty. AS
you probably already know, it isn't
necessary for you to install an ex-
pensive cooling system if you want
to secure modicum of relief from
oppressive heat, and recently a
number of devices have been put on
the home modernizers market which
should do fine Job at reasonable
cost.
Since many of you live in apart
ments. you are probably wondering
how this equipment can be in
stalled without disturbing the build
ing construction. One of the latest
coolers" is an air circulating fan of
the type usually installed in the
attic, but it is constructed in COM
pact and efficient manner so that
1t may be placed in any one of your
regular sized windows.
This fan has nicely decorated
casing made of sheet metal which
completely incloses the large, power
full propeller and its driving motor.
The fan itself is of the newest type
OF quiet air moving device and is
belt-driven by the sturdy, rubber
mounted motor. There are at
tractive grilles on front and back
sides for the intake and outlet of
cooling air from either out of doors
or inside the house, and while the
unit is naturally rather large to
handle large amount of air it
really isn't too conspicuous.
To prevent this fan unit from
completely blocking up the window,
as would be the case with an all
steel mounting, it has been pro-
vided with translucent filler plates
for installation on either side OF
the fan box. Thus, all you have to
do to supply yourself with a fine
summer breeze at the flick of
switch is to set the unit on the
window still under partially opened
sash, put the two light-passing
filler plates in place on the sides,
and plug it in to the nearest regu-
lar light socket. Then, by manipu-
lating other windows and doors in
the house or apartment when the
fan is running, you can maintain
pleasant current of air when and
where you want it.
* X X X
Did you know that it is possible
to install the new type of fluores-
cent tubular bulbs we are beginning
to see in stores and show-windows
IN your bathroom or kitchen with
a simple plug arrangement in the
form of strip? BY using these
new lights you can practically simu-
late daylight in even the darkest
recesses of kitchen cabinet, or on
the sides of the bathroom mirror,
and, according to the makers of
these lamps, you can obtain con-
siderably more illumination with
them than you can with old style
bulbs of identical wattage.
If you have been scared away
from using series of these tubular
lamps because you thought they
would be difficult to install you
will welcome these new strip plugs,
which are easily put in place and
provide a neat and trim appearing
arrangement as well. The support
Evening star., 1940-05-25
| Large Photos
| Aid Choice of
interior CoIors

The next time you are trying to
select the right color for the new
paint job on the inside or the out
side of your house you will be
pleased to discover that paint COM
panies have perfected a new method
of displaying color.
No longer do you need to make a
selection from a tiny little chip of
color Wall colors are shown in re-
lation to ceiling and trim colors,
and actual color photographs 3 feet
square give you a much better idea
how the room will look.
Large sheets of color may be set
up in different lights from different
exposures, so that you may get the
exact shade you want. This takes
most of the guess work out of in
terror and exterior paint jobs.