davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1940-06-11
BY THOMAS r. HENRY,
Star Staff Correspondent.

NEW YORK, June IA spec
trum of the brain. by which the
depths of mans behavior may be
probed through the skull as astrono-
mers study star in the far depths
of space, was revealed to the Ameri-
can Medical Association meeting
here today.
1t is made possible by an electrical
machine which accomplishes In
five minutes mathematical analyses
which would keep an expert mathe-
matician busy for 20 years.
The accomplishment was an
nounced in an exhibit by Drs. Fred
eric A. Gibbs, A. M. Grass and w. G.
Lennox of Harvard University. AL
ready nearly 5000 brain spectra
have been recorded and there are
indications of a definite pattern for
such abnormalities as dementia
precox and various forms of epilepsy
For the past six years 1t has been
known that all parts of the brain
constantly are generating electrical
waves which can be measured by
electrodes attached to the sc4lp
Also gross patterns have been found
for the whole brain which are sig
nificant in the diagnosis of epilepsy
Brain Charted Through Skull.
The difnculty has beesi that these
waves which can be recorded on
smoked paper from scalp-attached
electrodes have been inextricably
mixed up. The Harvard investiga-
tors have found that there Is a
whole range of waves with fire.
quencies of one to so cycles a Sec
ond. The waves vary from a mill
lionth to a thousandth of volt,
these minute amounts being gen.
Grated by the chemical processes OF
the brain cells.
The problem, except for the ma
ture of the waves, is almost identi-
cal with that encountered by as
tronomers who must base all their
deductions about stars millions
of light years away on the wave
length and energy of the light fall
ing upon their instruments. In
this work the brain has essentially
the status of a black star, invisible
in the heavens.
The whole brain is mapped
through the skull according to the
wave length and energy of its tiny
currents. These vary from place
to place over the cerebral cortex
the gray top Of the brain which Is
the seat of all thought processes.
All normal brains, the doctors
believe, have spectrums which fol.
low the same general pattern
Pathological brains vary from thi!
pattern.
Several variations already have
Evening star., 1940-06-11
| William Edward Collier,
Former Sexton, Dies

William Edward Collier, 76. former
sexton of the Covenant-First Pres
byterian Church. died last night at
his home, 1414 Massachusetts, ave-
nue NV.
A native of Baltimore. Mr. Collier
came to Washington as young
man. He worked for a construction
firm which erected the building oc-
cupied by the State Department.
The firm later was given the job Of
installing a heating plant for the
Covenant-First Presbyterian Church
and Mr.. Collier was put IN charge.
At the completion of the work, he
took charge of the heating plant.
Recently retired, Mr.. Collier had
served on ofncial boards Of the
church for IS years, first with the
board of deacons and later with the
board of session.. He was an early
member of the Christian Endeavor
Association.
Mr.. Collier was a member Of the
Order of the Eastern Star and Of
the Masonic order.
His wife, Mrs. Mary Jane Collier,
died here recently. Surviving are
daughter, Miss Anne Collier, with
whom he made his home, and four
sons, John H., Teunis F and George
F. Collier, all of Washington, and
Joseph r. Collier Of Raleigh, N. c.
Funeral services will be held to-
morrow at l:30 pm. at the Coven-
ant-First Presbyterian Church, with
burial in Fort Lincoln Cemetery.
Evening star., 1940-06-11
Engineers Accept
Barlow Explosive
As INT Superior
By the Associated Press

By the Associated Press.
Lester Barlows liquid oxygen
carbon explosive proved today to
the satisfaction of Glenn L. Martin
Co. engineers that 1t was more pow
erful than INT, and the Baltimore
inventor thereupon announced that
further experiments were~on unless
funds were forthcoming from Con-
gress.
Mr.. Barlow, who contended his
invention would furnish limitless
supply Of explosive for certain mill
tarv purposes at half the cost of
INT and with superior destructive
power. staged demonstration at
Aberdeen, Md, for members of Con-
gress and representatives of the
Army and Navy.
With Bureau of Standards officials
checking weights and timing, Mr.
Barlow detonated half-pound and
pound charges Of his explosive in q
4-foot pit, blowing a 150-pound steel
disc skyward. He repeated the tests
with TINT.
Measured by the length of time
the plate was in the air after the
explosion, the Barlow explosive
showed an average force 80 per cent
greater than INT for the pound
charge and SO per cent greater for
the half pound charge on the basis
Of computations by the Martin Co.
engineers. Bureau of Standards
onicials withheld their computations
penling an official report to joint
congressional committee.
Evening star., 1940-06-11
d Naval Planes
For Allies Await
Favorable Weather
Ships Grounded in
Albany and Buffalo
As Crash Is Probed
BY the Associated Press.

ALBANY. N. Y, June 11-Forty-
three Navy planes awaited favor
able weather today to take of for
Houlton, Me-, for delivery to the
Allies as Federal authorities in
quired into the cause Of the crash
of another which killed pilot.
Forteen of the ships are in Albany
and 20 In Buffalo.
While Federal Investigators de-
clined comment on the crash OF
the bomber yesterday near Maria
vile. IS miles northwest of here
which killed Pilot Allan B. Lull-
man. 26, St. Louis, Burdette S
Wright, vice president and genera
manager of the Curtiss- Wright
Corp, said reports are that the
cause was laid to unexpected
weather conditions
Mrs. Clyde Cuttings, Mariaville
said she saw the plane nose dowr
with its engine roaring and ther
shatter from an explosion. 1t wa!
one of group of nine flying from
Buffalo to Houlton, the remaining
eight landing here due to inclem
ent weather. At Houlton the ship
will be hauled across the border int
New Brunswick and taken over BY
the Canadian government for ship
ment overseas.
The planes were turned in to th'
Curtiss company, the manufacturer
for release to the Allies.
Evening star., 1940-06-11
Soap Box Derby Rules

The 1910 Soap Box Derby
sponsored for the third year by
The Star and the American
Legion. will be held July 13 for
boys living in Washington and
In nearby Maryland and Vir-
ginia. The Derby is a race for
boy-built coaster cars, which
must be constructed within a
cost limit of $40. The winner
will represent Washington at
the national finals at Akron,
Ohio, in August.
These rules are your guide
for the third WASHINGTON
SOAP BOX DERBY:
l. Eligibility-The Derby is
open to boys of Washington and
vicinity between II and IS years
old. A boy having his 18th
birthday anniversary on the
day of the race, or before, is
not eligible. A boy who does
NOT have his 18th birthday
anniversary until after the day
Of the race is not eligible.
Members of the immediate
family of employees of The Star,
the Chevrolet Motor Co.. deal
ers or employees of dealers will
not be permitted to race.
2. How to enter-Sign your
entry blanks and safety pledge
and get your rule book at the
salesroom of the Chevrolet deal
er nearest your home. There
are dealers in Washington,
Alexandria and Arlington, Va,
and Silver Spring. Hyattsville
and Bethesda. Md. You must
be accompanied by one of your
parents or your guardian. who
also must sign the entry blanks
and safety pledge.
Read The Star for Derby NeWs }
Evening star., 1940-06-11

more ONCE and recently took over
the local ONCE.
He leaves his wife, the former
Helen Thorburn Sommerville of
Staunton, Va; his father, George j.
Meyers, and a brother, George j.
Meyers, jr., both Of Philadelphia.
Funeral services will be held at z
pm. tomorrow at the Presbyterian
Church at Mitchells. Va, with burial
In the adjacent cemetery. Z
Evening star., 1940-06-11
Bases in Spain Believed Key
To Italian Success in War
Eliot Sees Dangerous Risk by II Duee
Unless He Is Assured of Neiqhbor Ports

a considerable air force; they have,
If the Turks stand fast, the support
of the strongest local power, and
they have an excellent and we'll
equipped army (presuming that the
French are not withdrawn of some
200 900 men, or more, not counting
the Turks.
Threat From Levant Possible.
The Italians may count on the
delaying effect which their air force
and submarines might put up from
their bases in the Dodecanese, or
from the Libyan shore. But this
might prove insufficient. A serious
threat to Italy can develop under
conceivable circumstances from the
Levant. Indeed, to a very great
extent this war seems to be devel-
oping into struggle in which
forces based in outlying areas must
come to the aid of the threatened
home countries, and such mani
festations may soon be seen in the
Atlantic, as well as In the Mediter-
ranean.
Such considerations, however, are
for the future. Meanwhile, the
entrance of Italy into the war is a
stab in the back which may de-
stroy French resistance and leave
Britain to fight alone. This is the
central possibility of tragic sit
uation.
AS to the progress of the fighting
in France itself, there is some rea-
son to fear that the entire Allied
left wing has been smashed, or
broken through. to such an extent
| that 1t is in serious danger of COM
plete development. This situation
may possibly be restored by the
arrival of British reinforcements,
which seem to be coming through
Cherbourg, If one may judge by the
persistent German air attacks upon
that port. The situation in the
region of the lower Seine seems the
chief point of immediate danger
Elsewhere, as far as can be judged
from the information available last
night, the Germans are moving for
ward slowly. if at all, and against
determined resistance What effect
the Italian intervention will have
and whether it will be accompanied
by fresh German attack some
where farther to the east than their
present offensive we must wait for
time to tell U.S.
(copyrieht. 1910, New York Tribune, IncJ
Evening star., 1940-06-11
Weather Report
Furnished by the United


District tonight tomorrow
partly cloudy followed
afternoon gentle east winds tonight becoming south
MaryandCoudy with showers
tomorrow partly cloudy and followed
thunderorm
Vrgna-Cloudy tonight tomorrow partly
north portion followed by local
West vignaPary cloudy tonight
thundeom much change
Evening star., 1940-06-11
House Unanimously
Declares Canada
Al War With Ita|y
Prime Minister Likens
Duce to 'Currion Waiting
For Brove Men to Die
Hy the Associated Press.

OTTAWA, June 1.-THE Can
adian House of Commons unani-
mously approved declaration of
state Of war against Italy late yes
terday as Prime Minister w. L.
Mackenzie King called Italian
Premier Mussolini "a carrion bird
waiting for brave men to die"
The resolution. calling on King
George formally to proclaim a state
of war between Canada and Italy,
was proposed by the Prime Minister.
seconded by Opposition Leader r.
B. Hanson, and carried by accla-
nation.
The Senate, scheduled TO meet
today, was summoned hastily to
give its expected Endorsement to the
resolution.
Defense Minister Killed.
Mackenzie King. speaking to a
House subdued by the news that
Canada's Defense Minister Norman
Rogers had just been killed in an
airplane crash. lifted his voice as
he upbraided italy for entering the
war at Germany's side.
History will record no more ig-
noble act than that of Mussolini,' u
he declared. and the Italian entry
into hostilities will only increase
Canada's determination to stand at
the side of Britain and France until
the powers of evil are vanquished.'
Mussolini, Mackenzie King said
was "swooping like buzzard" in an
attempt to profit from the extremi-
ties of other nations.
The sole objection" to his resolu-
ton for war against Italy came from
T. L. Church. Toronto Conservative
who said it was unnecessary because
when Britain is at war. Canada is
at war"
Earlier, in a quiet voice, Macken-
Zie King announced Mr.. Rogers
death and that of three members OF
the Royal Canadian Air Force in the
crash of their plane into a wooded
swamp near Newtonville, Ontario.
Mr.. Rogers, As, had been en- route
by air from Ottawa to Toronto tx
address the Canadian and Empire
Clubs.
Developed Motor Trouble.
Mr. Rogers plane was believed to
have developed motor trouble Other
dead were Flying Off1cer John James
Cotter of Halifax, and Aircraftsmen
David Brownfield and James Ed
ward Nesbit Of Big River and Sas-
katoon. Sask.
Mr.. Rogers prepared speech, read
at the Toronto meeting, assured
loyal naturalized Canadians of ene-
my origin that they need not fear
internment.
Mackenzie King said Justice Min
lister Lapointe had authorized the
Royal Canadian Mounted Police tc
apprehend and intern all italian
nationals whose activities might be
detrimental to the war effort OF
destructive of property.
Other steps. planned well in ad-
vance, were being taken with regard
to trading with Italians and to Ital-
ian property in Canada. These in
cluded measures to stop trading with
| Italy.
Evening star., 1940-06-11
Spectrum Analysis of Brain
Used in Same Way as on Stars
Electrical Pattern Obtained Throue h Skull
Aids in Diagnosis of Mental Disorders

been found. A brain tumor causes
a slowing of the waves. BY dividing
the skull into squares and testing
each with the electrodes 1t is pos
sible to locate the tumor within a
narrow area. X-rays of the brain
are difficult and misleading and the
cortical electricity method elimi-
nate much probing by the surgeon.
Epilepsy is marked by a easily
recognized change in the whole
pattern of the brain. This indi-
Gates that the disease is a dis
turbance of the whole organ rather
than something strictly localized
that might be treated by surgery.
A squad of tiny skilled mechanics.
the string wires in the brain,
keep its fires burning, put it to sleep
and awaken 1t, were introduced by
Drs. David j. Cohn and Irving
Kaplan of the Michael Reese Hos
pital, Chicago.
They are four kinds of engines,
chemical substances whose presence
in inflnitesimally small amounts
make possible chemical reactions
without themselves entering into
them. One group. the Chicago
doctors believe, change the amino
acids. the basic elements of pro-
teins in food. into substances known
as aldehydes. These are very close
to alcohol and have similar effects.
Knockout drops are made from an
aldehyde, chloral. When a sufficient
amount Of them has been produced
they hit the sleep center of the
brain.
Connects Nerve findings.
The action of these engines and
hence the formation of brain aide
hydes, the investigators believe. is
inhibited by benzedrine sulphate
which during the past few years has
risen to great popularity as a keep
ing awake" drug. On the other
hand, they say, various sleeping
powders made of barbituric acid
overdoses of which often prove
fatal, Knockout another group of
engines whose job is to keep the
fires of the brain burning by oxi-
dizing the blood sugar, the fuel of
thought.
One of the most important jobs
OF the engines, the exhibit showed
is to string wires" by means of
which impulses can move from one
nerve to another and from nerves
to muscles. Always present in the
nervous system are two substances
acetic acid and choline Combined
they form powerful physiological
substance, acetyl-choline, which fills
the invisible space between nerve
endings. Through this liquid nerve
impulse can move like a telegraph
| message.
Evening star., 1940-06-11
French Government
Occupies Tours as
Emergency Capital
Resources Of Old City
On Loire Requisitioned
To Crowd in Ministries
BY WILLIAM J. HUMPHREYS,

Associated Press War Correspondent.
TOURS, June 11-This white city
on the banks Of the Loire today
became the emergency capital Of
France.
Tours, whose gravest peacetime
concern was placating fussy tour
lists with good food and wine, thus
was turned overnight into the nerve
center of government and diplo-
macy at an historic hour for
France.
Every resource of the ancient city
was requisitioned to house Minis.
tries, Embassies. Legations and
their stats.
Old buildings, some long con-
demned, were occupied by various
French government departments.
Records and Diplomats.
High officials apologized for the
crowding and hastily mobilized car
penters to repair rotting floors and
erect office partitions. -
Along With the seemingly never
ending stream of refugees pouring
into the city from the north-from
the direction of Paris, about $50
miles away-rumbled trucks heavily
loaded with boxes of government
records.
In the same exodus are the luxuri-
GUS embassy and legation limousines.
First arrivals among them were in
a caravan bringing, among others,
the Papal Nuncio, the Ambassadors
OF Belgium, Argentina and Spain
and the Ministers of Uruguay, Ven-
ezuela and Colombia.
They said they had been bombed
en- route by German planes, but had
suffered no casualties, and we're
thankful to the French government
for having reserved quarters for
them in difficult situation.
Moving Days in Europe.
Tension was evident as large
numbers of police insistently waved
on the slow-moving refugee motor
cades through the city. 7S~
Stretching far back over the roll
ing Loire Valley, the line contained
countless children. Peering out Of
every crowded automobile were the
expressionless, uncomprehending
little faces.
Drying laundry, evidently washed
at roadside streams, fluttered from
many automobiles.
AS to how many had passed
through this city since the Nazi
invasion of the Low Countries q
month ago, no one would hazard
guess.
One policeman shrugged his
shoulders helplessly.
"All day and all night it goes on. "
he said "A little while ago 1t was
the Spanish coming north. Now
our people are moving south. It is
formidable, is it not, these moving
days in Europe?"
Evening star., 1940-06-11
Heart Attack FutuI
To John Meyers, 80

John Meyers, 80, manager of the
Washington ONCE of the johnson
Service Co., died Sunday of q heart
attack at his home, 102 Allen road
Yorktowne Village, Md.
A graduate of the University o1
Pennsylvania, Mr.. Meyers entered
the employ of the heating and air.
conditioning Arm In 1928. In 1921
he became manager Of the Balti-
Evening star., 1940-06-11
Body Of Man Who Dove
From Steamer Is Found

The body of Robert Gray. Il, Of
1870 Morse street NE, was at the.
District Morgue today after being
recovered from the Potomac River
near the Fort Foote light yesterday.
Mr.. Gray leaped from the deck of
the excursion steamer Potomac last
Friday night, after Joking with
friends, and started to swim to
shore. He was not seen alive again.
Coroner A. Magruder Macdonald
was investigating to see whether the
case was in District or Maryland
jurisdiction. "a
Evening star., 1940-06-11

weak trough of low pressure extends
from Lake Ontario Buffalo, N Y. 1885
millibars (2999 inches), southwestward to
Missouri. where wave disturbance is cen
tral. Springneld.. 1O1 1.9 millibars (29.ss
incheS). A trough extends southwark from
this center to the Louisiana coast A
high-pressure area is moving slowly south
eastward OF the Maine coast, Portland,
1924 millibars (3O,22 inches), and pres
sure continues relatively high OF the South
Atlantic Coast. Charleston, 8. c., 1O19.6
millibars (30.11 inches. wedge Of high
pressure extends from Minnesota, Duluth.
1O26,4 millbars t3O.31 inches}, southwest
ward to Nebraska and thence southward
over Western Texas. Pressure is also high
over the Middle Plateau and Middle Rocky
Mountain regions. Lander, Wyo, 10000
millibars f30.12 inches). During the last
"a hours showers have occurred in the
Gulf and ATLANTIC States. the Lake region
and in the Ohio Valley. the Middle Missis-
peratures have fallen in the Upper Lake
resion and in portions Of the West Gulf
aes s1n P,ea e ana fnn Northesn Pocky n ne Mon
tain regions.
Evening star., 1940-06-11
Congress in Brief
TO-DAY.

Senate:
Considers bill to expedite Army
defense building.
Naval Committee considers legis-
lation to speed ship construction.
House:
Begins debate on billion dollar
tax bill.
Appropriations Committee studies
81 800 900 900 defense supply bill.
Evening star., 1940-06-11
Derby Racing Course
To Be Described in
Broadcast Tomorrow
Hamilton to Compare
With That at
Akron for Boy Racers

A complete description of how the
1910 Washington Soap Box Derby
course is going to look to the boy
racers on July 13 will be broadcast
tomorrow over station WMAL on
the regular Derby program at AIS
pm.
Derby Director zeb T. Hamilton
will tell all about the dovn-hill
course-except to give Its location
and compare the Washington hill
with the famous Derby Downs at
Akron, where the national and In
ternational finals are run.
Several Derby entrants from near
by Maryland also will be on the
program to tell of their progress In
building coaster cars for Washing
tons thrilling amateur race for
boys Bill Coyle, radio director OF
The Star, and member OF the
Derby General Committee, will in
terview Tom Horton, H. r. F. D. l,
Silver Spring; Bartlett Hendrick-
son, 13, Burnt Mills Hills; Paul Fox,
Silver Spring, and Jack Herdt, Silver
Spring.
In addition, Mr. Coyie will ex-
plain about the Soap Box Derby
radio quiz program to be broadcast
over station WMAL Saturday, from
$50 to 10 am.
To Tell of Examinations.
Mr.. Hamilton will tell how the
elimination rounds will be con-
Quoted on Derby day; how many
boys will race in each heat; the
probable length of the course; the
arrangements for spectators and
contestants and lot more real
Derby information.
He emphasized today the import
Ance of registering now for the
Derby. According to an announce
ment made last week, registrations
for the race will close Saturday
June q. That means that there Is
less than two weeks in which to
get in an application blank to take
care of proper registration. There
is still time to. build car for the
race and to compete for some of the
best prizes offered in any amateur
event.
Register now, at any one of the
Chevrolet dealers in town. Mr..
Hamilton advised. Just 60 into
the salesroom of the Chevrolet deal
er nearest your home and say that
you want to sign up for the Derby.
You will be given application blanks
and a safety pledge and then you'll
receive your rule book. which will
tell you all about the regulations
for building a coaster car.
$40 Cost Limit.
1.-The main rules to remember
are the age limits and the cost
limit. The Derby is open to boys
between IL and Is years of age in
elusive. A Derby racer is not al
lowed to cost more than $l0," he
said
The Manassas (Va) representa-
ton on the Soap Box Derby roll
was raised to two today with the
arrivalof, the application of w. Fred
Dowell, jr l3, OF 322 Grant ave-
nue., Manassas Bo Lamar Of
Manassas already is registered for
the Derby.
The names of three more Mary
land boys also were included today
on the roster of entrants. They are
Thomas r. Horton, IA. Silver
Spring; Harvey Poole, 13, 81 Mary
land avenue, Hyattsville, and Billy
Riggles, IA, Spring street, River
dale, Md.
Evening star., 1940-06-11
Union of South Africa
Declares War on Italy

LONDON, June, II P.-The
Union of South Africa declared war
on Italy this afternoon" the Do
minions and Colonial ONCE an
nounced.
In Pretoria the Prime Minister'S
ONCE announced that internment of
Italians in the Union of South Africa
was In progress and that "all vital
points are safeguarded against
sabotage"
Evening star., 1940-06-11
New Zealand Declared
At War With ItoIy

WELLINGTON, New Zealand,
June II (R.-Prime Minister Fraser
stated today that New Zealand was
at war with italy from 10:30 o'clock
today, New Zealand time.
Regulations prohibiting trade
with Italy were issued and q con-
siderable number Of Italians were
interned.
Evening star., 1940-06-11
Mrs. Ross Honored

Mrs. Nellie TaSloe Ross, director
Of the Mint, today was presented
an honorary doctor Of laws degree
by the University Of Wyoming ct
Laramie, Wyo.
Evening star., 1940-06-11
Indian Vieeroy ProcIoims
State of War With Italy

SIMLA, India, June II (P.-Lord
Linlithgow, viceroy of India, today
proclaimed that a state of war exists
between India and Italy.