davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1940-01-02
Crushing Defeat of Russians
At Lake 7oIvu Revealed
Division Of Picked Shock Troops Routed
And Cut to Pieces in Mid-December

| is now admitted that another entire
division of picked Red shock troops
was virtually annihilated here. and
Russian divisions range between
IS 900 and $4,000 men in strength
Moreover. we have just learned that
Russian losses in tanks and all kinds
of war materiel, captured here, def
nitely exceed the invaluable spoils
seized on the Suomussalmi front the
end of December. Thus, it is estab-
lished that Tolvajarvi has entered
the history books as the first great
Finnish victory of the war and one
of long-term significance.
Major Russian Disaster.
1t is impossible now to give total
figures which even approximate the
true size Of Russian dead on the
shores of Lake Tolva. but on every
hand one sees evidence of a major
Bolshevik disaster which far exceeds
anything which has happened
on the French h-and-German
front in four months of combat
For the first time since the Russo
(See TOLVAJARVI, Page A-5)
Evening star., 1940-01-02
Chief Of Snow-C|od D. c. Parks
Gets June Picnic Applications

With the city clothed in ice and
snow, the National Capital Parks
office in it's first day of business for
.l940 received today number of ap-
aications for picnic reservations and
in one case was unable to provide a
reservation because of an earlier ap-
plication for the spot.
Albert Clyde-Burton, parks chief
in charge of recreation, said more
than a dozen applications had been
made today, mostly by church
groups. The first one for June
picnic was made by the Baptist
Church of West Washington. Sec
ond was the Railway Mail Associa-
ton. The Mount Rainier Baptist
Sunday School, even those applying
on the first business day of the year
TOR a June % picnic In a particular
grove In Rock Creek Park, had to
Evening star., 1940-01-02
Edison, Taking Oath
As Cabinet Officer,
Backs Big Ships Plan
New Navy Secretary
Greeted by Noted
Crowd at Ceremony

Charles A. Edison. son Of the
famous inventor, today became the
46th Secretary of the Navy.
Mr.. Edison. who is 40. was sworn
in at his Office at the Navy Depart
ment before distinguished gather
ing of high officials. Mrs Edison
stood beside him as he took the
oath of Office.
The second man in American his
tory to become Secretary after hold
ing the Office of Assistant Secretary,
Mr. Edison succeeds the late Claude
A. Swanson. who died last July His
appointment to full cabinet status
was announced Saturday by Presi-
| dent Roosevelt.
In his first press conference as a
cabinet officer. Mr.. Edison disclosed
that the Navy is giving considera-
ton to battleships larger than the
present 45,0C0-ton vessels now being
constructed.
Studying Larger Ships.
He said the Navy is studying the
possibilities of much larger battle
ships. He did not specify what size,
although ships of $1,000 and 10000
tons have been suggested by men,
bers of Congress.
Our attitude hasn't crystallized
yet Mr.. Edison explained. We're
studying all possibilities
At the same time, he indicated
Congress may be asked to expedite
the Navy's building program beyond
the present peacetime rate of con-
struction. He emphasized. how
ever, that it is up to Congress to
decide what to do.
Reads Formal Statement.
In formal statement read at the
time he was sworn in, Mr.. Edison
said:
mo one would be quite human
who failed to feel thrill on becom-
ing Secretary of the Navy of the
United States.
But no one would be worthy of
such a trust who did not feel the
oClloC VI 81 ave 1CopOIlolOlAly oo "Cil
I'm such a position. the work of
one man would be of no significance
whatsoever if it were not for the
thousands of trained minds and
willing hearts that make up the
Navy organization. 1t is the team
that counts and not the man.
80, on this second day of the new
year. salute the men and women
of the Navy. civilian and military
and express the hope that when my
tour of iuty is completed you may
have cause to write a well done
on my record"
The Secretary was dressed in
formally in brown, single-breasted
suit. AS he walked into the Secre-
tary's Office, where the ceremony
took place, he greeted the assembled
naval officers, newspapermen, pho
(See EDISON, Page A-20
Evening star., 1940-01-02
By LELAND STOWE.

Chicago Daily News Foreign Correspondent
WITH FINNISH ARMY IN THE
EAST. TOLVAJARVI, Finland. Jan.
l Delayed Here, In the snow
bound, dense forest which surrounds
Lake Tolva (Tolvajarvi in Finnish)
the Soviet Army has suffered a
crushing defeat which can only be
compared to the rout of the Italian
Fascist divisions at Guadalajara in
Spain.
Until now the devastating scope of
the Finnish victory at Tolvajarvi has
been most carefully screened in Off
cial war communiques for military
reasons, Today it is possible to say
that the Firms triumph at Lake
Tolva rivals in every way and in
some respects surpasses their terrific
blow in the Suomussalmi sector,
where, it was announced Sunday,
most of the Reds 163d Division of
nearly $4,000 men had been de-
stroyed.
Officially. the Russian dead in the
battle OF Tolvajarvi have been de-
scribed as more than 1000 but Y
Evening star., 1940-01-02
LOUIS P.LOCHNER,
Associated Press Foreign Correspondent

Associated Press Foreign CORRESPONDENT.
BERLIN, Jan 2.-Germany, ac-
cording to authoritative sources, is
keeping a close watch on what kind
of aid Britain gives Finland.
Germany desires to stay out OF
the Finnish conflict, these
sources indicated today. and under
stands that the Soviet Union wishes
to settle scores with Finland alone.
If British soldiers were to ap-
pear on Finnish soil, however, or if
munitions deliveries from Britain
were to reach decisive proportions,
there seems little doubt Germany
would support Russia actively.
britain yesterday informed
the League of Nations that she
would give Finland all assistance
possible, as the League had sug-
gested when eXpelling Russia
from League membership.
prime Minister Chamberlain
told Parliament December Is
that ''in addition to air supplies
to Finland, the government in
tends similarly to release other
materials which will be of assist
ance to the Finnish govern
ment y
German authorities profess belief
that the Western powers have no
unselfsh interest in Finland, but
want merely to use the little republic
as pawn in the game against Ger
many.
These sources said sarcastically
that if English aid to Finland turns
out to be on par with that given
Poland, then Germany has abso-
lutely no objections.
Evening star., 1940-01-02
B U II etin

NEW YORK, Jan. 2 F.-
Louis Uepke) Buchalter, in.
dustrial racketeer who was con.
victed December 20 of conspiracy
to violate the Federal narcotics
laws, pleaded guilty today to
nine additional indictments
based on the activities Of what
the Government called his $1O,.
O00, 900 narcotics syndicate.
Evening star., 1940-01-02
100000 Drafted, ,
Britain 10 Have
Army Of 3,500,000
All Are Expected to
Be Called for Service
By End Of Year
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
LONDON, Jan. "A proclamation
by King George VI calling about
1000 900 more Britons to the colors
gives the British a potential army
of at least 3,5OO,OO0 men.
! 1t is expected all will be in service
by the end of the year.
The Kings proclamation. which
he signed last night after hurried
return from a holiday at Sandring-
ham, requires that all male Britons
between 10 and q years old register
for service.
Previous conscription orders af-
fected only men 20, 81 and % years
old-a total of 100000 men under
arms or technically modified.
The vast expansion of mobiliza-
ton does not include troops from
the British colonies and dominions,
which sent $500 900 to France them
selves in 1914-18.
ct was disclosed in Ottawa
yesterday that $4,000 Canadian
soldiers making up the entire
1sJ Division, are in EnglandD
Drive Expected in Spring.
The rate at which new conscripts
are to be called will depend on
events. It is expected generally
that action on the western front
will intensity with the coming of
spring.
Neutral military observers here
believe that possibly as. many as
100000 men will be called before the
end of this month to strengthen the
British Expeditionary Force - an
army of about 100000 men now
and the vital Middle East command
which guards the Empires lifeline
to the East.
Formal call-ups for the various
new age groups will be spaced over
some months. with the 23-year-olds
probably first mobiliZed.
In three previous call-ups under
the conscription laws. about 100000
men were registered The last of
these groups is expected to be alb
sorbed by the army by the end of
February But with factories tuned
to their highest pitch for turning
out arms, munitions and equipment,
the Job may be done sooner.
The biggest need confronting the
imperial general staff now is not
manpower, but officers to train re-
cruits, many of whom have had no
military experience.
Registrations Low.
The two main British ofhcer-pro-
ducing schools, Sandhurst-for the
infantry and cavalry-and Woolwich
for artillerymen and engineers
had lower registrations in the past
| decade than ever before.
To fill the gap, the army has been
recalling sergeants and corporals to
be trained as officers and, in turn,
to break in the new recruits.
The first contingent of non COM
missioned officers from the B. E. F.
returned last week to start the
double job of teaching themselves
to be officers and the rockies to be
privates.
Newspapers generally agreed on
the necessity of the Kings action,
taken through the Privy Council,
calling it evidence of the nations
will to war"
A dissenter, however, was the Daily
Express, which asked editorially
What for? To please the French?"
The newspaper declared Britain al
ready is fulfilling her war job ito an
immense degree on the sea and in
the air."
Evening star., 1940-01-02

make a second choice because an
other group came in earlier with a
request for the same spot.
Mr.. Clyde Burton also said his of
flee has received a number of appli-
c1tions for permission to fish for
winter shad in the Tidal Basin. The
"hickories" are just beginning to run,
he said. and many more applications
are expected before the Week is out.
Last year the hickory shad made an
appearance in Washington waters as
early as Christmas.
He said fishing would be limited to
the shore as the ice is not thick
enough for safety over the deeper
waters of the basin. Before permis-
sion is given for fishing off shore, the
ice must be at least 8 inches thick.
he said. At present it is something
more than 3 inches.
Evening star., 1940-01-02
Villages in Turkey
Swept Into Sea by
Torrentia| Rains
Flood Deaths Placed
At 1900; New Quokes
In Northeast Region
ey the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
ANKARA, Jan. 2.-Torrential rains
caused new havoc in earthquake
stricken Turkey today, swelling flood
waters which were believed already
to have caused at least 200 deaths.
Whole villages of the Bruso region
in Western Turkey were reported
swept up by the torrents and carried
into the Sea of Marmora.
Some new quakes were felt in the
northeastern region which suffered
devastation last week, but because Of
shattered communication lines it
was impossible to determine whether
there had been new damage.
The most turbulent rivers were
the Surlu, Sindshan and Adranos,
which flow northward across broad
coastal plain into the Sea of Mar
mora. At some points the flooded
rivers spread out for 10 miles.
Rivers Change Courses.
Some small riverbank hamlets and
their inhabitants were reported to
have been carried away in their
entirety.
The rivers are stretching out
arms like an octopus. seizing vic
Tins said a Turkish officer who
flew over the region. In some cases
the rivers seemed to have changed
their courses permanently.
officials estimated that last week S
earthquakes resulted in $4,000 dead
100000 injured and 100000 home
less.
At least $4,000 were said to have
been made homeless by floods.
Only 10 bodies have been recov-
cred thus far.
Pedigreed Animals Drowned.
At Kamalpasha 400 houses were
swept away as most of the inhabi-
tants perished.
All the pedigreed stations and
| bulls OF the famous Haras stables
at Karadjabay were drowned. Thou
sands of cattle, sheep and goats
were carried away in the flood
waters of the Smyrna region on the
Aegean.
The flood zone in European Tur-
key, near Adrianople, was still large
but rains moderated and the rise
was checked.
Storms along the Black Sea
caused great shipping damage. The
700-ton Turkish freighter Turkian
sank with her crew of 20. 1t was
feared other vessels had capsized
Nloyd's Register does not list the
Turkian, but a 6O4-ton Turkish
steamer Turkan)
Capital officials said the disasters
we're severe blow to the national
defense due chiefly to the disrup-
ton of communications.
Evening star., 1940-01-02
Weather Man Stands
By 14-Deqree Forecast

"If at first you don't succeed, etc, "
applies to the weather man again
today.
A predicted low of IA this morning
failed by 3 degrees to materialize
and the prognosticator has come
back for more with 14-degree pre-
diction for tonight.
Tonight and tomorrow are ex-
pected to be fair. The mercury
climbed to Is degrees at 3 pm. yes
terday and dropped steadily there
after to q low of II at 1 O'Clock this
morning.
Evening star., 1940-01-02
j. ). Protests
Mail Seizures
ByGreat Britain
Hull Reveals Note
On Interference With
Messages to Germany
Ry the Associated Press.

ny the Associated Press.
The United States formally pro-
tested to the British government
today against Britains seizure Of
mail from the United States des-
tined to Germany.
This Government, note to Brit
ain said. cannot admit the right
of the British authorities to inter-
fere with American mails on Ameri-
can or other neutral ships on the
high seas nor can it admit the
right of the British government to
censor mail on ships which have
involuntarily entered British ports"
The State Department cited four
specific cases of British authorities
taking around 1850 sacks of mail
and parcel post from American or
neutral ships.
Mail TnviOlable."
The United States note, delivered
to the British foreign Office by the
American Embassy in London,
stated that with regard to mail to
or from Britain this Government
readily admits the right of the Brit
ish government to censor private
mails originating in or destined to
the United Kingdom, or private
mails which normally pass through
the United Kingdom for transmits
sion to their final destination
But with regard to other mails
The Hague convention was cited as
recognizing that postal corre-
spondence of neutrals or belligerents
is inviolable on the high seas" The
State Department contended that
"the same rule obtains regarding
such correspondence on ships which
have been required by British au-
thorities to put into a British port"
The note then concluded:
The United States Government
regards as particularly objection
able the practice of taking mails
from vessels which ply directly be-
tween American and neutral Eu-
ropean ports and which through
some form of duress are induced
to call at designated British control
bases. This is believed to be clear
violation of the immunity provided
by The Hague convention.
No Assurances.
The United States Government
feels compelled to make vigorous
protest against the practices out
lined above and to express the hope
that it will receive early assurances
that they are being discontinued" d"
The note was sent from the State
Department December %. The as
surances requested have not yet ar
rived.
The cases cited by the State De-
partment were:
"On October 10 the British au-
thorities took from the steamship
Black Gull 293 sacks of American
mail addressed to Rotterdam and
10 sacks addressed to Antwerp.
"On October IL authorities in the
Downs removed from the Zaandam
n sacks of parcel post, 80 sacks of
registered mail and l56 sacks of
ordinary mail addressed to the
Netherlands. as we'll as IS sacks Of
ordinary mail addressed to Bel
GUM, to Luxembourg, to Danzig
and 259 to Germany.
ON October II authorities at
Weymouth removed from the Black
Tern 94 sacks of American mail ad-
dressed to Rotterdam. 81 to Ant
werp and 1874 to Germany.
"On october "a authorities at
Kirkwall removed from the Astrid-
Thorden 468 bags of mail from New
York to Gothenburg and 18 bags
from New York to Helsinki.
Many individual instances of
British censorship of American
mails have come to the department s
attention"
Evening star., 1940-01-02
Firms Have q Word-
| MoIotoff-for Good
Air Raid Weather

By the Assoc Press.
HELSINKI, Jan. 2.-The word
"Molotoff" is acquiring place
in the Finnish language.
To many Firms the name of
Vyacheslaff Molotof1, Russian
Prem e r-foreign commissar.
means weather suited for air
raids.
If the sky is dark and the
clouds low, they say "Molotoff
can't come today But if the
sky is clear, it is "Molotoff
weather.
Evening star., 1940-01-02
(. l. Davis Heads F. T. C.
BY the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
The Federal Trade Commission
has elected Commissioner Ewin L..
Davis to serve as its chairman dur
ing 1910. The Craftsmanship rotates
annually.
Mr.. Davis home town is Tulla-
hOma, Tenn.
Evening star., 1940-01-02
Reich Weighing Aid to Soviet;
Firms Threaten Red Division;
Biq Section of Turku in Ruins
kozis May Intervene
If Britain Provides
Decisive Help
BULLETIN.

HELSINKI, Jan. 2 R.-The
capture of Russian Army base
and the smashing of an all-day
tank supported Red Army attack
at two points on the eastern
front were reported today by the
Finnish Army communique.
Evening star., 1940-01-02
Heavy Damage Reported
After Raid on Vital Port

HELS1Nk1, Jan. 2 C4).-Large Sec
tions of Turku, historic port OF
Southeastern Finland. lay in smok-
ing ruins today, leveled by yester-
days Soviet Russian aerial attack.
Turku Castle, dating from the 18th
century and housing one of Fin
lands finest museums, still was in
flames. Many objects of art were
removed during the raid of more
than 20 planes.
The water front district was re-
ported devastated.
A government spokesman said the
damage was very great" but that
only two persons were reported killed
and four injured.
With Soviet land forces reported
stalled on the Mannerheim Line on
the Karelian Isthmus, Red bombing
raids were seen as repriSals for the
reversals. More than so cities and
towns have been raided in the
month-long war. Some of the cities,
the Firms asserted, have no military
significance.
Turku, a city of 10000, is the
terminus for shipments of war ma
terials from Scandinavian neighbors.
Despite the bombings, the railway
lines were reported unchanged.
A blizzard swept over Southern
Finland today, making enemy air
raids over this section unlikely.
Firms were Tightening their belts
for a prolonged winter campaign.
The smorgasboard-table OF deli
cacies-was banished from restau-
rants by official decree today, and it
was announced that hot water
would be provided for baths in
homes and apartments only twice
month.
Column Reported Destroyed.
The attack on Turku came as the
Finnish Army reported the destruc-
ton of a Russian motorized column
of II cars in the Salla region Just
above the Arctic Circle.
The raid was one of a series of
bombardments carried out in the
southwest and central sectors, Fin
nish communique reported.
The town of Jyvaskyla, another
railway center about ITO miles north
of Helsinki, was bombed and II
civilians were killed by Red Army
raiders, the Firms reported, and at
Vaasa, on the west coast, at least
three persons were killed and many
wounded.
In the Arctic Petsamo region,
where temperatures had dropped to
40 degrees below zero, the Firms
said enemy planes dropped bombs
(See TTNNS Page A.4)
Evening star., 1940-01-02

Foreign
Crushing Russian defeat at Lake
Tolva revealed. Page Al
Finnish ski patrols threaten Rus
sian division. Page Al
Rumania to defend border provinces,
Premier warns. Page Az
British planes attack Nad raider
over Shetlands. Page Al
National
U. S. protests British seizure of mail
bound for Germany. Page Al
Secretary Hull disclaims ambition to
be President. Page Al
Roosevelt calls Congress leaders for
session "preview." Page AL
Supreme Court may rule on labor
dispute cases. Page Al
Dies group to ask strict enforcement
of alien laws. Page Az
Washington and Vicinity
johnson cites unprecedented Army
procurement program. Page AZ
League of Women Voters backs Sum-
ners suffrage move. Page B.1
Evening star., 1940-01-02
Court Holds Seven Men
| In Irish Arsenal Raid
q, the Associated Press.

3. the Associated Press.
DUBLIN, Jan. 2-Seven men were
charged in District Court today with
breaking and entering the Phoenix
Park Arsenal December % in raid
which authorities attributed to the
illegal Irish Republican Army.
The prosecutor said that between
81 and % tons of machine-gun and
rife ammunition were carted away
by the raiders.
The men charged were Thomas
Grogan, A; Thomas Doyle, %; Will
liam Cleary, IS; William Gordon, 81 ;
John Lyons, Joseph McDermott and
John Parnell.
The court precincts were guarded
strongly by police.
The prosecutor said three of the
men were captured in the park by
military kpolice on the night of the
raid and the other four were iden-
titled by at least one witness as
having been among the raiders.
Evening star., 1940-01-02
Fire Station Bombed.

LONDONDERRY, Northern Ire
land, Jan. R).1A bomb hurled
through a window of the central
fire station caused slight damage
late yesterday.
Officials said they believed the
bomb was a reprisal for the fire.
mems use of hose to quell Irish
Republican Army prisoners during
a Christmas Day Jail disturbance.
The bomb shattered windows and
damaged one IRE truck.
Evening star., 1940-01-02
Summary Of Todoy's Star

Washington skaters enjoy first day
on Rejecting Pool. Page B-l
Editorial and Comment
This and That. Page A-10
Answers to Questions. Page A-10
Letters to The Star. Page A-1O
David Lawrence. Page ALL
G. Gould Lincoln. Page ALL
Lemuel Parton. Page ALL
Alsop and Kintner. Page ALL
Constantine Brown. Page ALL
Sports
Grid Gibraltar, Tennessee, falls before
Southern California. Page Ala
Victorious Texas Agssmay play Tro-
jams for Finnish relief. Page ALA
Georgia Tech rates high following
win over Missouri. Page ALA
McFadden through, but Clemson sees
another All-America. Page Ala
Cards disappointed by scoreless tie
at Ell Paso. Page Ais
Clarke, Mischou seek seventh 400 set
in league rolling. Page Ais
Miscellany
Girl at the Front. Page BIS
Bedtime Story. Page BIS
Crossword Puzzle. Page Bis
Letter-Out. Page BIS
Winning Contract. Page Bis
Uncle Rays Corner. Page Bis
Natures Children. Page B.2O
Evening star., 1940-01-02

Washington skaters enjoy first day
on Rejecting Pool. Page B-1
Evening star., 1940-01-02

Fair and continued cold tonight and
tomorrow; lowest tonight about IA de-
grees; gentle to moderate west or north
west winds. Temperatures today-High-
est, 27, at 2 pm; lowest, II, at 4 am.
From the United States weather Bureau report.
Full details on Page AZ
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1940-12-27

caSiOn.
Bill Vandcn Dries and his orches-
ira, Just off the Wake Forest College
campus, pleased the dancers will
tunes Of yesterday, today and gave
some hint of what TO expect in tn,
future.
There were no lavish Christmas
decorations in the ball room, Yuletid3
Wreaths being used over the big open
fire place, and on the wall Just be-
hind the orchestra, there was light
cd wreath.
This is the first Of two dances to
be given by the club during the
Christmas-NcW Year season, witt
the final event being planned for New
Years night, and the same orchestra
will play for that affair.
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1940-12-27
Junior W0manS Dance
TO Be FeStiUe Affair

The advance sale of tickets for the
Junior Woman's club dance which
will be given MonSay hight from ~
to 2 o'clock at West End Country
club, is said TO be very good, and a
large number OF out-of-toWn people.
along with Henderson dancers, are
expected for tile affair, to make it
ar outstanding event of the holiday
season.
The clubs dances enjoy a wide
popularity and this one, coming as ii
does during the holiday period.
promises 10 be an even more gala
occasion with the addition of the col
lege crowd and men from Fort Jack
who are here for the Christmas
holidays.
Brooks Fryer and his orchestra
from Rocky Mount, have been chos-
II to play This orchestra has play