davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1940-08-24
Why They Changed

experts
because after period of extreme suspicion they inclined
English
doubt the the Ambassador Kennedy astonishing
has changed
The arloss crucial battle the crucial
battle.
officials that unless England be pulverzed from the invasion
Will impossible the English
loss figures based careful investigation
including the attaches the London Embassy and such independent
observers Col William
Besides discussing the all English making
to watch the compilation of ross figures the He visited
of flight reporting
where returning pilots their flights.
brought landing
procedure
the least instead of the optimistic reports He convinced
as other observers have done.
Evening star., 1940-08-24

are incredible, but are said to in
clude an offer to get delegates for
Speaker Bankhead at the very time
it was known that Henry Wallace
was Roosevelt's choice as running
mate. Hopkins is understood to
have passed on to Jim Farley the
Presidents request that the posts
on the Democratic National Com
mittee be not filled until the new
Evening star., 1940-08-24
BY G. GOULD LINCOLN.

Wendell L. Willkie, Republican
nominee for President, has an
nounced his first campaign trip,
which will take him into 19 States
Evening star., 1940-08-24
The Sensible ASSUMPTION
as other observers have done.

Encouraging opinions on the situation all Of them apparently
authoritative have been flooding Washington in these
until month of
the opinions of the experts
ply the superiority
Evening star., 1940-08-24

WIIIIe duIIIIUIIIlB lIIeTe WeTt CtT-
rible times ahead, Churchill actually
told him he would welcome" a Ger
man attempt at invasion. He pre-
dicted that invasion would prove a
blunder costly to Germany in men,
material and morale. And he
grimly, but determinedly, discussed
his plans for long war, in which
England would only begin to take
the offensive in the winter of 1912.
In reporting this conversation, the
Evening star., 1940-08-24
We the People
Failure Of Victors to Take Over Control
Viewed as Grove Threot to Democratic Porty
By JAY FRANKLIN.

JAY FRANKLIN.
Whether the played with votes dollars machine guns the
basic politics that vanqused the vctors take
If not the spoils at least the controls Of
The exception this be the fate Of the Demo-
cratic the file Democratic victory
Chicago President recaptd ship the
hauled political Jolly wha
the the their loyalty the
confirmed their walk the plank
themselves.
Dealers hold Hopkins responsible this moral
catastrophe believe whether rightly wrongly that Hopkins
the President that had organized the thdm
facts that the draftooseve 1888
himself candidate that
Louisiana.
Enemies Left in Power
Evening star., 1940-08-24
Sword Over
Defense
Contracts
Justice Department
Seeks Right to
Legal Kiekbock
Nv DAVID LAWRENCE.

A strange monkey wrench has
been throwl into the industrial
machinery of the whole Nation by
the Justice Department. Just at
Evening star., 1940-08-24
This
Changing
World
Britain Reported
Eager to Meet
Nuzi Invaders
By CONSTANTINE BROWN.

The British are reliably reported
to be awaiting with confidence Adolf
Hitler's next spectacular move-the
landing of German forces in Eng
Evening star., 1940-08-24
& Renovizing Modernizing Home

Repairing . Renovizing undermining Homes
Are You Living in a House
or a Home?
The difference is matter of
modernization- under The Eberly
Plan, transformation you will
appreciate and the whole family enjoy,
can be readily made.
New uses for old rooms; new
equipment replacing the obsolete
making housekeeping more convenient.
There are so many desirable things that
may be done.
Because The Eberly Plan will do it
ALL-planning and executing-it will
be economically done-with only ONE
modest overhead and only ONE
responsibility OURS.
An Eberly Plan Supervisor will be
glad to come to confer and work out
a plan with you.
Evening star., 1940-08-24
Danger in Party Machinery

The Merry Founders have reported that Ed Flynn has stationed
people watch the activities of National Secretary Chip Robert and
National place
Farley henen and Quayle has installed one of his crowd
key position double check everything which Charlie
the Republicans hold Madison Garden
prediction night rally the Roo
loyal New Dealers hunting
Evening star., 1940-08-24
Enemies Left in Power

At Chicago he almost sned defeat Of the Jaws of victory
combine with
Evening star., 1940-08-24

is not surprising that the New Deal
ers are waving the bloody business
shirt in an effort to make all the
labor elements in the country be-
lieVe that he must be their enemy.
Evening star., 1940-03-31

vised Statutes of the United States,
had certified the fact to the district
attorney, who was then Henry H.
Wells, and an indictment had been
found against him, which was pend
ing in this court =.
Being confined in Jail by the
sergeant at arms, and awaiting trial
on the indictment for the same Of
fense, that of refusing to answer
questions or produce papers, Kill
bourn filed a petition on the
criminal docket for a writ of habeas
corpus, and the same was issued by
order OF Chief Justice Cartier and
made returnable before him in
chambers.
THE petitioner was represented
by jeremiah S. Black, Matt H. Car
penter, Walter D. Davidge, Noah L.
Jeffries, Charles A. Eldredge and
Daniel w. Voorhees,, and the SER
geant at arms, or the House of
Representatives, was represented by
Col. Robert Christy and Samuel
Shellabarger.
Chief Justice Decided.
I'm this case Chief Justice Cartier
had to decide against the judgment
Of the House of Representatives, in
ordering the petitioner to be con-
fined in Jail, or he had to pronounce
unconstitutional or imperative the
statute which had been passed by
both houses of Congress and ap-
proved by the President, providing
for the punishment for this charac-
ter OF contempt.
HE reached the conclusion in the
able opinion pronounced by him
that the House was wrong in UNDER
taking to punish for contempt con-
trary and in addition to the method
prescribed by the act of Congress,
and he therefore ordered the dis
charge of the prisoner from the GUS
tody of the sergeant at arms and
the United States Jail and remand
ed him to the criminal court for
trial.
Il think the case was never tried,
but Kilbourn brought suit against
the sergeant at arms for damages
for false arrest.
THE sergeant at arms justified
his action under the Speakers war
rant. The other defendants plead
ed the general issue and justifica-
ton in special pleas. Kilbourn de-
INJURED to the special pleas, which
demurrer was overruled and judg-
ment entered for the defendants,
and q writ Of error was sued out to
to Supreme Court of the United
States. The case was heard in that
Evening star., 1940-03-31

3.210; in Georgetown, 1898; WASH
ington County, 1881, and in Alexan-
dria County, including the City of
Alexandria and all of the District
of Columbia south and west of the
Potomac River, where are now the
towns of Cherrydale, Clarendon,
Ballston, Rosemont, Del Ray, Hume,
Bancroft, Rosslyn, East Falls Church
and others, altogether, 5,949.
OF much interest is the vast
change in revenue required to run
the District. During the year 1922,
$35.037 was collected from a tax on
real estate, personal property, car
riages and slaves, while as a COM
parison we have but to mention the
latest District bill as passed by Con-
gress, which provides for an ex-
penditure of $48,002,347.
In statement before the writer,
it is said that the total expenditures
made by the Government in WASH
ington up to 1922 for building pub
lie structures and for all other ex-
penses pertaining to the city, 50 ,288,-
126 was expended, Of which $2571,-
016.35 was derived from State dona-
tions, sale of lots, and represented
in unsold lots and public reserva-
tions retained for public purposes,
and the compiler of the report fur
ther says:
From this view of the expendi-
lures of the United States within
the City of Washington it will be
perceived that if the expense of re-
building the public buildings which
were destroyed in August, 1914, be
deducted from the whole amount of
the expenditures, the amount of
money actually received by the
agents of the United States in con-
sequence of locating the seat Of Gov
ernment in the place in which it Is
now administered, added to the value
of the public property remaining
undisposed OF In the City of Wash
ington (and the value has been fixed
by the public agents themselves), the
amount will not only have been sum-
cient to reimburse the public Treas
ury in all the expenses consequent
upon the removal to and the estab-
lishment of the Government in this
city, but that a fund would have re-
manned of $374, 500"
Through Many Eras.
Unless We look back to these old
statements and census returns we
hardly realize what q century and
a half really means in the life of a
community. Yet, many of our resi-
dents have resided here at least half
that long and have lived through
the days Of the chimney sweeper.
the pump borer, the horseshoer
and the Odorless Excavating Co..
and other occupations and indus
Evening star., 1940-03-31

court and the judgment of the Su-
preme Court of the District of Co.
lumbia was sustained as to the
Speaker and other members of the
House of Representatives, but was
reversed as to Thompson, the SER
geant at arms, and the Speakers
warrant was held to be no defense
to the action.
The case then came on for trial
in the Supreme Court of the District
of Columbia, and the jury found a
verdict for the plaintiff, assessing
his damages at 100000. The court
on motion set this verdict aside be-
cause of excessive damages. The
plaintiff then amended his declara-
ton and averred special damages.
The case was tried a second time
before Mr.. Justice Cox, when the
jury returned a verdict for the
plaintiff for 100000, and that ver-
dict was also set aside on the ground
of excessive damages.
'The case was again tried and q
verdict rendered for $37 500. A re-
mittitur was ordered to be entered
of $17,500 or stand further new
trial. The remittitur was entered
and the $4,000 remaining was paid"
Superintendent in 1864.
Joseph c. G.. Kennedy was also
superintendent of the bureau in 1864
and M. B. Brown was chief clerk,
while the following were clerks:
Edward Young, j. A. Mcknight, A.
j. Falls, M. Seaton, L. w. Mech, M.
P. Smith, w. P. Mccall, P. H. Town.
send, James S. Wilson, G. P. Will
hanson, A. B. Crupp, j. S. Button,
j. A. Ashley, H. A. Blood, Peter Bo-
CERT, w. A. Newman, j. F. Reese, w.
N. Wright, C. E. Weaver, George
Wheelock, r. H. Foster, j. N. Davis,
H. S. Nichols, John Dice, j. H. Heath,
M. G. Ogier, M. M. Field and R.
Wardener.
H. Mater was messenger, while the
laborers were: J. H. Smitson, A
Woodbridge, L. Foster, G.. w. Adrean,
Ebert Turner, w. L. Martin, S. O.
Bateman and I. Reinhard.
The Office of F. A. Walker, super
intendent of the census OF 1870,
was in room 80 Of the Patent Oh1ce,
through the building at TOT Eighth
street NV. was later occupied by
that bureau. This building was later
occupied by Joseph s. Vowles, pat
ent attorney, and more recently by
j. D. Milans' Sons, printers.
In 1876 the headquarters Of the
bureau seem to have been in room
20 of Wright's building, at the cor
ner Of q and Eighth streets NV,
Evening star., 1940-03-31

Patent Office Building, at Seventh
and F. streets, and Mr.. Kennedy
again was superintendent and Hallet
Kilbourn was chief clerk. It was
Kilbourn who, together with Adolph
Cluss and Alexander R. Shepherd,
built the three stone residences on the
north side of K street between Sew
enteenth street and Connecticut
avenue, the corner house to the
west being occupied by Gov. Shep-
herd. Later it was the home of
Washington Mclean and subse-
quently became the property of Will
liam F. Draper, United States Am
bassador to Italy. 1t was here that
Margaret Draper, the Ambassa-
doris daughter, and Prince Boncom-
pagni were married in the great
ballroom of the house shortly be-
fore the World War, the cere-
mony being performed by Cardinal
Gibbons, who came from Baltimore
especially to pronounce the VOWS to
the couple, being permitted to co
this, We are told, by reason of the
fact that the bridegroom was of
royal blood.
Damages for Arrest.
Hallet Kilbourn was one of the
few men to defy the will of Con-
gress and get away with it. even
though he was forced to spend some
time in the local Jail to do so. Later
on, after several trials, he even re-
covered damages from the sergeant
at arms for his arrest and incar-
ceration. Judge Job Barnard, re-
viewing the case before the Columbia
Historical Society in 1918. had this
to say:
''Mr. Kilbourn had been sum-
moned before a special committee
of the House of Representatives in
March, 1876, as a witness and de-
clined to answer certain questions
asked him concerning certain real
estate transactions and also de-
clined to produce certain private
papers called for. He was then
brought before the House, where he
again declined to answer the ques-
tions or to produce the papers called
for, where he was adjudged to be in
contempt and was arrested by the
sergeant at arms by direction of the
House of Representatives and i'm
prisoned in the Jail Of this District.
After Mr.. Kilbourn had refused to
answer questions and to produce
papers before the committee the
Speaker, under the provisions OF
sections 102. 103 and 104 Of tho Re-
Evening star., 1940-03-31
Old Jobs Are
Replaced by
New Ones
Scientific Advance
Brings Changed
Mode of Life

tries once so important and numer-
Gus in Washington.
OF course, many Of the early
occupations have become obsolete,
or practically so, while their places
have been taken by newer indus
tries and inventions. We do not
live in the same conditions as ex-
listed many years ago. Today there
are numerous people in Washington
who can recall when there was no
such thing as an electric light, when
manufactured ice was undreamed
of, except by the scientist, who
knew as much about it 100 years
ago as he does about liquid air
today.
Just a few years back, it would
seem, We could not take up the
telephone receiver and virtually
talk to whomever we wished. In
deed, Alexander Graham Bell was
just trying this invention out at
the Centennial in Philadelphia 81
years ago, and when the writer first
talked over one seven years later
there were only a very few, even at
the Capital of the Nation, and so
great has been the improvement,
even with this instrument, since
then, that it hardly seems the same.
Just 60 years ago, to bring the
time closer to us, the old phono-
graph, to which we would so IN
tently listen with a hose-like wire
stuck in each year, was not even
on the market and the high bicycle
was just getting substantial foot
hold in Washington.
Many Questions Now.
There are ever so many questions
now that the census enumerator
must ask that he did not have to
ask few years back. Sixty years
ago he did not ask you If you
owned an automobile. The ques-
ton then would have been, How
many horses do you own?" And,
incidentally, half century ago the
ratio of horses to the population
was likely even greater than the
ratio of automobiles Is today, for
then there was about one horse to
every five people in the United
States.
Right here in Washington, where
the Langley flying machine had its
birth, there were no airplanes to
be listed so years ago, and so few
80 years back that they were prob
ably not even considered, and the
radio, outgrowth of the wireless
one Of the greatest world inven-
tions-is Of such recent date that
at least half the people recall when
it was first used in Washington,
The gas stove, gasoline stove, the
electric car, the oil burner for heat
ing, the electric refrigerator, the
fireless cooker, all of q period still
within the memory OF man, and
some even quite recent, are but 4
few OF the modern comforts 10 are
now privileged to enjoy.
Evening star., 1940-03-31

and for some years part of the
District, was included in the census
of Virginia, and Georgetown is to
be found in the census of Mont
gomery County, Md, and a part of
the rest in Prince Georges County.
However, by 1900 things had begun
to pick up in Washington, and three
years later, in return of a sched-
ule, it was shown that among those
who were employed here were:
Architects. 4; merchant tailors,
2; notary public, /; clerks, so; mer-
chants, 81; stonecutters, 16; lum-
ber merchants, 2; carriers, 10; tailors,
II; gentlemen, IS; glassman, /;
nailers, 2; butchers, 8; watermen,
8: painters, 2; carpenters, So:
painters and GLACIERS, 4; joiners, IL;
physicians, 6; cabinetmakers, 7;
printers, 10; laborers, 81: turner,
/; bricklayers, 18; sailmakers, 2;
cooper, /; nailcutter, /; house car
penters, 13; imners, 2; painter and
carpenter, /; shoemakers, %; pump
makers, 3; millwright, /: tavern
keepers, 9; plasterers, 13; bakers,
6; carver and glider, l.; gunmaker.
/; brickmaker and layer, /; stone
masons, 7; booksellers, 2; huckster.
l; shoe merchant, l; grocers, 2;
officers of Government, "a; ditchers.
2; constables, 6; brewer, /; lawyers,
4; hack drivers, 4; measurers, 2:
we'll digger, l.; >peddlers, 2; black
smiths, g.; composition maker. l.
masons, 2; billiard table keeper, /:
matchmaker, l; saddlers, 2; con-
veyancer, /; hairdressers, 2; minis
tiers of the Gospel, 3; schoolmasters,
S; woodsawyer, !; messengers of
departments, 8: brickmakers, 6:
hatters, 8; collier, L; upholsterer,
l; dentist, 1; scower, /; ropemakers,
3; gardeners, 2; shopkeepers, 80;
wood measurer, /; ship carpenters,
Z; ship joiner, /; fisherman, /;
chairmakers, 2; wheelwright, 1:
glazier, 1; postman, /; coachmakers,
2; harnessmaker, /; jailer, /, and
professions, not designated, IT,"
Naturally, with so many profess
sional people and tradesmen, one
would be led to assume that there
must have been a number of enter
prising businessmen and merchants
who were willing to cast In their lot
with the new city, which, of course,
proved to be the case.
Changes In District.
But what marvellous change has
come over the entire District of Co.
lumbia since its first census, in
18O0-the second census Of the
United States. In that year the rec
ords show that the entire population
amounted to 1908, Of whom there
Evening star., 1940-03-31

and by 1878 it is recorded as hav-
ing returned to the Patent Offlce
Building, in room 174.
Quarters on Avenue.
The 10th census, of which Fran
els A. Walker was also the super
intendent, occupied quarters in the
National Republican Office, on the
southwest corner of Thirteenth
street and Pennsylvania avenue, on
the site now occupied by the build
ing purchased about 10 years ago
by the Federal Government from
the Southern Railway. BY 1883 the
force had been sufficiently reduced
to occupy smaller quarters and the
bureau moved into a building at
500 Seventh street-probably the
Second National Bank building
which it continued to occupy until
1885, when, according to the city
directory, it moved to 1914 F street
NV. After leaving the Census
Bureau, Gen. Francis A. Walker
became president of the Massa-
chusetts Institute of Technology at
Boston.
Robert P. Porter was the superin-
tendent of the 11th census and estab-
lished his bureau first at Third and
G streets NV, until the compile
ton Of the Interocean Building, the
tall structure still standing door
or two south of the Washington
Loan & Trust building. The archi-
tect of this building was J. L.
Smithmeyer and it was completed
in the early part of 1890.
The employees of the census of
1900 and 1910 were housed in the
Emery Building, at Second and B
streets NV, William R. Merriam
being director of the former and
E. Dana Durand director of the
latter. This building was probably
the best one for the purpose used
by the Census Bureau up to this
time, and the makeshift buildings
in the Mall, used for the censuses
Of 1920 and 1880, no doubt the most
lily adapted. However, the head
quarters of the bureau of the 1920
census was the Commerce Building
at Nineteenth street and Pennsyl-
vania avenue, though the greater
part of the work was done in D
Building in the Mall.
Sam L. Rogers was director of
the 14th census, in 1920, and Will
liam M. Stewart, who was the as
sistant director, became the director
of the 18th census, in 1880.
Early Dates.
When the first census, of 1870,
Evening star., 1940-03-31
Simple Task
In Early Days
Now Complex
Few Queries We're
Used in 1870, but
Demand Grows
By John Claeeft Proctor.

The new building for the Bureau
Of the Census, In the Southwest
part of Washington, between Sec
ond and Third streets and Virginia
avenue and D street. is fast being
completed and is even partly oc-
cupied by the bureau, which from
the first census of 1890 has, until
now, been without a Federally
owned home of its own worth con-
sidering. However, 1t is quite likely
that the headquarters of the census
will remain indefinitely on the
upper floors Of the Department of
Commerce Building, under which
department it serves and where the
director of the bureau, William l..
Austin, has his Office.
The census is one of the oldest
activities of the Government, the
Evening star., 1940-03-31
Early Dates.

When the first census, of 1790,
was being taken, the District Of
Columbia was just about coming
into existence. Alexandria, later,
Evening star., 1940-02-25
OUTSTANDING VALUES

OUTSTANDING VALUES
Heat and Hot Water Furnished
Near Soldiers Home
Unusually Large Rooms
go Allison St. NV.
Ss2 sO-Apt No. 212-Living room,
~o~oO bedroom. dinette, kitchen
and bath: elec. refrigeration.
Excellent Location
5911 18th St. NV.
S49. 5O-Apt. No. 1-Corner apt
kitchen and ylas Bath 102 FnsIdsITs RSsHSom 0ne'@
Right Downtown, Walk to Work
1418 N St. NV. Near Thomas Circle.
SAP. .5O-Apt. No. 23-Living room.
electric refrigeration free:
In Petworth
1raasp1rssti0ss ss!i sss s.. Fss7w'i.'''' NV.
$59.5O-Apt. No. Living room.
2 bedrooms. dinette, kitchen
and bath; elec: refrigeration.
Near Roosevelt High
4312 Georgia Ave. NV.
$42.5O-Apt. 3-Living room, bed
room, kitchen and bath.
Electric refrigeration.
Excellent Opportunity
42O5 Arkansas Ave. NV.
SS1 -SO-Apt No. 3-Livins room.
bedroom. dinette kitchen and
bath: cleo stove and refrigerator:
screened rear porch. Large rear yard.
Near Walter Reed
s436 Georgia Ave. NV.
EA7 SO-Apt No. 304-Living room,
bedroom dipette kitchen
and bath. Eectrolux refrigeration.
143O Georgia Ave NV.
kS7. .s0-Apt. No. Living room. 2
bedrooms dinette kitchen
and bath: screened rear porch, Elec.
trolux refrigeration,
Res. Mgr. 74Os Ga. Ave. &C. 2216.
Efficiency Apis.
1917 Raum St. NE.
$45.00-A,pt No; smRec, sedsec,, hall Ally liv-
Kitchen and bath, E1ec. stove. screened
rear porch, rear yard.
l4O4 K cAFRITZ Dist. $3.50
Evening star., 1940-02-25

Excellent Opportunity
42O5 Arkansas Ave NV.
SSl. .5O-Apt No. 3-Livins room.
bedroom. dinette. kitchen and
bath: elec. stove and refrigerator:
Evening star., 1940-02-25
Near Walter Reed
Efficiency Apis.

1917 &Aum st. NE.
<As OO-Apt No. 3-Rec. hall, liv-
ing room. bedroom. dinette,
Kitchen and bath. Elec. stove. screened
rear porch, rear yard.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1940-09-03
;. Where and When
Current 'Theater Attractions
and Time of Showing

Palace-"Boom Town." excite
ment in the oil fields, with Gable,
Tracy. Colbert and Lamar: HOS
am, las, 400, 7 and $40 pm.
Capitol-"Young People" the lat
est Shirley Temple adventure: II
am, las, 4:30, tbs and 10 pm.
Stage shows: 12:45, 1886, $40 and
9:05 pm.
Earle-"The Sea Hawk" Bucca-
neer Enrol Flynn rides the waves:
1918 am, l, 1855, Gas and $40 p m.
Stage shows: 1925. 3:l5, sos and
8 pm.
Keith's-'Lucky Partners" Ginger
Rogers and Ronald Colman win a
sweepstakes prize: 1885 am, 1:35,
1885, 5:35, 7:35 and 9:35 pm.
Metropolitan-"Flowing Gold" ad-
venture in the oil fields: 1l:20 an,
lbs, $50, 5:35. 7:35 and $40 pm.
Columbia-"The Great McGinty,"
gay and bright political satire: II: 35
am, $40, $40, $40, 7:45 and 9:45
pm.
Little-"It's Love I'm After" with
Bette Davis and Olivia de Havilland:
II am. l, 3. 4:45. 6:45 and $50 pm.
"Mayerling," with Charles Boyer:
10 pm. a.
Trans-Lux News and shorts;
continuous from 10 am.
In the Country.
Cross -Roads-"Smilin' Through"
revival Of the well-known senti-
mental play: $40 pm.
Roadside-"East Lynne" the pop
ular melodrama group in a rare and
notable tear-jerker: $40 pm.