Evening star., 1940-08-22

peasant VINO MD him IN q hayStack
for two days and nights, he escaped
and emerged as Leon Trotzky." He
translated his given name Lev
(meaning "lion"D into the French
Leon" and then, with a sardonie
gesture, added the surname Of his
Odessa jailer to the false passport on
which he Travelled to the outside
world. For many years he spelled
the surname with a e." changing
to IS" in 1888 when he was in France,
because the people Of that country
usually render the Russian character
for ITS" with the softer sound.
From his first Siberian exile he
made his way to London and for the
next few years moved around in
Paris, Brussels, Liege and various
cities of Germany. He met Lenin in
London, but did not throw in his lot
with the Bolshevik faction Of the
Social Democrat party which the
latter headed after the 1908 split in
the organization. Instead, Trotsky
remained q Menshevist albeit always
q rather independent one, until 1917.
Fled to Finland.
Trotsky spent six months In st.
Petersburg following Bloody Sun
day" in January, 1905, then was
forced to flee to Finland. Three
months later he was back in the
Cars capital, becoming president OF
the st. Petersburg Soviet. He was
presiding at q meeting when the
Cars police captured all present.
Trotsky was banished to Obdorsk,
far beyond the Arctic Circle in
Siberia. Again peasant helped him
to escape, bundling him in a bale
of frozen straw and hauling him on
a sled until they obtained reindeer
which took Trotsky to the Ural rail-
road. He made his way to Finland
where again he met Lenin.
There followed seven years of
journalistic work. mostly In Vienna.
When the World War broke out
Trotsky was shipped to Switzerland,
to France, to Spain and finally, in
January, 1917, to New York.
For 10 weeks he lived in a fifth
story "walk-up" fiat at 1922 Vyse
avenue, the Bronx. Then the Gear
was overthrown and on March q,
1917, the family sailed for Russia.
The British authorities took Trotsky
of the steamer at Halifax and held
him in an internment camp for q
month. He reached Petrograd in
May, helped Lenin and the Bolshe-
visits overthrow the Kerensky regime
in october and became the Soviet
Unions first Commissar Of Foreign
Affairs.
Four months later the treaty which
definitely ended Russian participa-
ton in the World War was signed
at Brest Litovsk. Trotsky was not
present at the signing, his attitude
in the preliminary negotiations hav-
ing so antagonized the Germans
that they had started a fresh cam
paign against Petrograd. When
Berlin's terms were accepted lover
his head" Trotsky. on March 9, 1918
resigned as Foreign Commissar.
Headed War Council.
Three weeks later he was chosen
chairman of the Bolshevist Supreme
War Council. On July 6 he ordered
all men between 10 and 40 registered
for military service. Out of this
conscription he built the Red Army
and for five and half years rode
the top wave in Russia. Lenin's
death in January. 1924, found him
en- route to health resort in the
Crimea. Before re returned to Mos
COW his enemies were in the saddle
He matched wits with Stain, but
on January 10, 1925, was dismissed
as War Minister. Still he fought on
In October, 1926, he was ousted from
the Political Bureau Of the Com
munist party and in November, 1927
was expelled from the party. His
foes said he had become Just "a man
Of the streets"
Early in January, 1928, he was
deported to Alma Alta in Turkestan
After year there he was expelled
from Soviet territory. Turkey agreed
to receive him and he arrived at
1stanbul in mid-February, 1929, later
being assigned a residence on the
Island Of Prinkipo.
There he combated incipient
tuberculosis, malaria, heart trouble
and gout. Applications for permis-
sion to visit "cures" in Germany
Czecho-Slovakia and elsewhere in
Central Europe were denied and it
was not until July, 1888, that France
gave him asylum. Yet the following
April he was ordered out of that
republic because the government
found he was organizing a Fourth