davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1940-12-19

have an army here on large scale
I carefully avoid saying what its
numbers should be-l1ot only to de-
fend this island, but for action in
other theaters.
We must have large army well
found, equipped with the very best
weapons.
This is a wise provision for the
year 1941, in which, no doubt, we
shall find opportunities of using our
forces, if not in defense of this
island, in other theaters on terms
OF moderate equality in numbers and
in equipment.
This is the first time in the desert
that we have had equal equipment
and we are still only a half-armed
nation fighting fully armed nation,
nation which has already passed
the saturation point in its arma-
mentS.
Blltein 1941 we shall become we'll
armed nation, too. and that will
open possibilities which have not
been open up to the present.
Production Increased,
But Not Yet Enough.
1t takes three to four years to put
the industries of a country on war
basis; the Germans reached the cul-
minating point at the end of last
year, and when we ourselves were
still only in the second year, but by
efforts now being made and by the
great supplies which are reaching
and will reach us from the United
States of America we hope we shall
become well armed during 1941.
1t is essential that every effort
should be made in the armament
factories to improve the supply not
only Of the air force, but of the
army, and every risk run there un-
der the fire Of the enemy and every
loyal endeavor which our united ma
ton can procure from the Workmen
to accelerate production will be a
step toward victory and toward an
earlier victory.
We are not content with the re-
(See CHURCHn T, TEXT Pp R-22
Evening star., 1940-12-19
Churchill Text
(Continued From Page R-15D

1912, forming the Royal Naval Air
Service, Longmore was one OF the
first few flyers there and in those
days of very dubious machines he
several times used to fly me about.
I hope the House will be con-
tented by the present position and
by the results achieved by this Of
fensive.
1t is not by any means at an end,
but think it would be better to let
the future unfold without attempt
ing to forecast how the play may
run.
Risks were also we'll run here by
the general staff and the War Com
mittee and the StatfS who studied
this matter. 1t was not easy in
July and August to send precious
tanks of the best quality and can
non, of which we were then so short,
on that long journey round the Cape
of Good Hope, to enable us first
to defend ourselves and later to
resume the offensive.
Troops Sure They Are Match
For Nazis on Even Basis.
These were hard decisions to take
The Secretary of State for War
Eden) and I had many anxious
days in coming to these conclusions.
But you will not bridge this war.
or emerge from it successfully un-
less risks are run and risks do imply
that the House will stand by the
government and military commands.
The British Army has at last had
an opportunity of showing its
quality.
We have had hard and unfortu-
nate experiences in this war, but in
the fighting round Dunkerque all
the divisions engaged had the con-
sciouSneSs that they were fully
match for their German opponents.
Several battles fought on the front
of one or two divisions show that
we had no reason to shrink from
contact on anything like equal
terms.
Now we have seen in Libya that
our military science and staff Off
GERS are capable of planning and
executing extremely complex and
daring operations with efficiency. 1t
is not only there that we have such
officers.
Therefore, I renew my advice to
the House to do all possible to de-
velop the strength and efficiency Of
the great British Army now building
up at home.
Army Must Be Ready
For Action Elsewhere.
The army will give its help in any
air raid emergency, but We must
Evening star., 1940-12-19

:. this gift to yourself and let it be
sparkling, let it be generously sized.
This one holds 80 cupsfuII. Repro
duotion Of an Early American
design, bowl, IodIe troy and II SIn
cups ~
CA
Evening star., 1940-03-24

since that time the construction of
the Washington Cathedral has
captured and inspired the imagi-
nation of the entire Nation. More
than $4,000 persons, representing
every State in the Union, have con-
tributed over $15,0O0.0OO to the
Cathedral fabric. The building of
a great cathedral taxes tho re-
sources and the piety of several
generations. Under the keen eyes
OF the bishop and the master archi-
tect, the soaring arches slowly rose
from their rough cradle of scaffold-
ing, while host of skilled workmen,
proud Of their share in this areat
work, piled chisel and maNet, trowel
and lever in the erection and beauti-
Tying OF this giant structure
prayer materialized and apparently
imperishable."
Washington Cathedral is in es-
sence comparable to the glorious
cathedrals of the Old World. It's
difference lies in the opportunity
for Nationwide influence. What is
done at Washington iss noted and
Its effect felt at every religious
center througout the country. "As
Washington goes, so goes the Union, /"
might well be said of all American
Christianity.
AS Bishop Freeman once said:
Here, where the forces of tie
country find their meeting place,
here at the very fountain head of
the Government itself, mvt be
erected worthy witness of the faith
by which we believe the Nation
lives"
The Washington Cathedral IS dis
tinguished for its commanding sit
uation and majestic proportions, as
well as for dignity and beauty of
design, whose prevailing character
istics are Of stately simplicity.
Many shrines commemorate the
hallowed events preceding the death
Of our Lord and the resurrection.
An impressive place Of interest to
Evening star., 1940-03-24

full accurate transcription and
translation. Hanke."
AS result of that message,
Dwight Morrow. jr., has decided to
return to Seville upon completion
of certain studies here. The project
Is one of the really exciting under
takings, both from a literary and
historic standpoint, of our times.
Just what are these important
Pleitos? Perhaps the best descrip-
ton is that given by Prof. Morrison
in a letter to DR.. st. George Sioussat
of the manuscript division of the
Library OF Congress.
These are the testimony" wrote
Morrison, taken down at several
inquests between the dates 1912 and
1885 about Columbus voyages, in
order that the crown might decide
how much they owed to him and
to others. Much of it being from
common sailors is of the highest
value i. The Pleitos de Colon are
all In one legajo at the Archivo
Evening star., 1940-03-24

the majestic harmony of the WASH
ington Cathedral spires rising
heavenward will see another edif1ce
IN the northeast, which is destined
to be its equal in beauty and in
terest and which will, when COM
pleted, take its place among the
greatest 10 ecclesiastical structures
in the world. Designed to be lone
of the most magnificent basilicas
in all the world" the Roman Catho-
lie National Shrine of the Immacu-
late Conception is being built on
the campus of the Catholic Univer-
sity.
A crypt is completed where i'm
portant services of the Catholic
calendar are celebrated. Architec-
turally the shrine is Romanesque
and Byzantine in design and the
cost Of the completed structure has
been estimated at approximately
$50, 100000. In September, 1920,
Cardinal Gibbons and Cardinal
O'Connell, heading a group of dis
tlnguished clerics and laymen, laid
the cornerstone. This was the out
growth Of plan conceived in 1S4o
to build In Washington Roman
Catholic church to compare in
grandeur with the famous cathe-
drals of Europe.
To provide suitable decoration for
such a marvel of Byzantine archi-
lecture the architects have devel-
oped ornamentation to a wonderful
degree Of richness and ingenuity.
There are always men and women
who have spent their lives in
dreaming of beautiful things and
Of impressing their vision in some
way on the minds of their fellows
and Of all who shall come after
them. This is true of the MARY
Altar" In the Shrine Of the Immac-
ulate Conception, q gift of the
Marys Of America. Constructed Of
emi-transparent golden onxy from
Algiers, 1t has Q base Of Roman
Travertino marble. The great walls
Evening star., 1940-03-24

de Indias. There are 26 pleas or
folders, or 988 folios."
In this letter Morrison suggested
that if, according to its custom, the
Library of Congress were still OBJ
tanning micro-films or copies of
European documents on the history
of the United States, its next
acquisition in Spain should GER
tainly be complete set of the
Pleitos de Colon.
Librarian Acts.
The librarian of Congress, Archi-
bald MacLeish. has announced his
intention to acquire micro-films of
the Pleitos, with the cooperation of
officials of the Archives of the In
dies and the American Consul in
Seville, as part of the 1912 ami
versary in the Library of Congress
of Columbus first voyage. These
micro-f1lms will be added to the
ever-growing collection of valuable
Old World documents now in the
Evening star., 1940-03-24

1neditos de Descubrimiento." Nor
row was eager to return to the
Archives of the Indies provided the
reasearch he contemplated promised
to be of real value. The expedition
sought the counsel of the Library
Of Congress.
From the Capitana, somewhere in
the mid-Atlantic, Capt. Morrison
dispatched this wireless message to
DR.. Lewis Hanke, director of the
Hispanic Foundation of the Library:
Morrow proposes returning Seville
to begin deflnitive text and trans
lation Pleitos de Colon, having
found Fernandez Duros' edition in
adequate. Please advise Immediately
scholarly value thereof and whether
prompted by others. Your reply
appreciated. Morrison"
DR.. Hanke, with the cooperation
OF DR.. Scholes, who had spent two
years with him in the Spanish
Archives, held consultation with
other scholars in Washington. They
came to the conclusion that the
proposed work would be of in
estimable value historically and of
great literary merit. However, they
sought confirmation of their own
Judgment among Latin-American
scholars. They went to DR.. Hanke's
own Handbook of Latin American
Studies which he has edited for a
number of years. In this hand
book an annual selective guide to all
material published by Latin Ameri-
can authorities on anthropology, art,
economics, education, and in other
fields of study, they found an exact
citation of the works of the Argen-
tine scholar, Romulo Carbia, in the
Columbus field. It was in one of
Carbia's volumes they came upon
the information they sought. 1t
conceded with their own judgment
and on it they based their reply to
the crew of the Harvard expedition.
Favorable Reply.
Promptly an answer went back
by wireless a few hours after the
was received:
Believe scholars here consider
Pleitos probably the most important
mass Columbus material awaiting
Evening star., 1940-03-24

OF the crypt will resound with
glorias when the choirs raise their
voices in sacred anthems at Easter.
Famous people in history have at
tended many of the older churches
In the Nations Capital. Tradition
tells that old st. Johns, "the church
across the square from the White
House." was started because Presi-
dent Madison's coach experienced
difficulty in getting through the
mud to the closest Episcopal church
to the Executive Mansion, located
near the Navy Yard. The architect
Of the Capitol, Benjamin Henry
Latrobe, who was employed to re-
build the White House, also was the
architect for st. Johns Church.
Part Of National Life.
Not many blocks away from old
st. Johns, the New York Avenue
Presbyterian Church boasts of an
even greater age and almost as long
a list of presidential attendants.
Centrally located in the heart of
the city, 1t has witnessed a con-
stantly changing panorama Of ma
tional life since the frenzied activi-
ties of Civil War days seethed
around its doorways.
In 1894, when the site Of St..
Patrick's Church, the Oldest Catho-
lie Church in the District, was pur-
chased, 1t cost the small sum Of
80 pounds, equivalent to approxi-
mately $400, and today the same
site is worth in the neighborhood
Of $700, 900. st. Patrick's Is said to
have been the first church here to
have an organ. Built of Potomac
bluestone ornamented with lime
stone in Gothic design, with arched
entrances and huge rose windows,
the church contrasts conspicuously
with the commercial buildings
which hem 1t in on all sides. Dig
nitaries representing our own and
foreign nations are members Of
old st. Patrick's Church, located in
the heart Of the business district,
Evening star., 1940-03-24

OF all the historic churches in
Washington the Foundry Methodist
Episcopal has one of the most ro-
mantle origins, and it owes existence
to a Georgetown resident of the
last century named Henry Foxall
VINO owned a foundry and supplied
the guns with which the American
fleet won signal victories on Lake
Erie. Following the battle at Bla-
densburg in 1914. when the British
entered Washington, his foundry
was the one the enemy had planned
to destroy. Discovering their in
tention Mr.. Foxall vowed if God
protected his place from destruc-
ton he would build a church in
thanksgiving.
Foundry Spared.
On the eve of the proposed at
tack a violent thunderstorm arose,
which discouraged the invaders,
and fortunately the foundry was
spared. True to his promise Foxall
built the original of the present
church at the corner of Fourteenth
and G streets NV. In 1903 q new
building located at Sixteenth and p
streets was completed and is known
as the Foundry Church.
In Chaucer's time good folkes
and true" were won't to visit Can
terbury Cathedral in London, and he
wrote book about them. Good
folks and true" come from all over
the United States as we'll as from for
eign countries to wonder at the
beauty of the Washington Cathe-
dral and our various places Of wor-
ship here. Their numbers reach an
all-year peak at Easter, the season
when the world greets the climax
Of the penitential Lenten period
with joyful paean. Easter, even to
the skeptic, signifies fulfillment,
the time when "the sentient soul
witnesses to its faith In the cosmic
scheme Of things In which it Il
part"
Evening star., 1940-03-24

pilgrims at the Easter time is the
Chapel of the Resurrection, a men,
or1al to the second Bishop of WASH
ington. Right Rev. Alfred Harding.
OF Norman architecture, the piers
and arches are of limestone, while
the vaulting and intervening spaces
are covered with paintings illus
trative of the scenes of the resur-
rection.
The Chapel of st. Joseph of Ari-
mathea, located in the crypt be-
meath the crossing and between
four massive piers which support
the weight Of the soaring central
tower of the Cathedral, is one of
the most distinctive in the building.
The chapel, In the form of a Greek
cross, is go feet long, go feet wide,
with a height approximating ~ feet
from floor to vaulted ceiling. The
structural elements are beautifully
symbolic.
Interesting Journey.
Pilgrims are now welcome to
leave the Cathedral through the
south aisle of the nave crypts, one
of the most interesting journeys
ever afforded within the sacred edi-
flee. The massive columns of lime
stone, the splendor of gold and
mosaic decorations, and the play
of light and shadow on the walls
reflected through lofty windows
create scene never to be forgotten.
Exquisite creations in the art of
stained glass, in reverent concep-
tions of the apostles and the saints,
bsthe the interior in q sea of living
colors and tell the story of biblical
history.
No better parallel for this joyous
spirit of creation can be found than
by comparing it to the spirit of ma
tional Joy and civic pride that gave
birth ages ago to the noble build
ings of Athens under Pericles.
Those who look down on WASH
inston from the air after noting
Evening star., 1940-03-24
By Ethel NJ. Walsh.

The festival of Easter attracts
more visitors to Washington than
any other season of the year. People
everywhere seem to reflect a new
spirit, even as they take on new
apparel as an appropriate express
sion of the joyousness which fills
their hearts. The Easter service
is the most elaborate of the church
year. The throngs that come here
join in the procession of the great
and near great, led by the President
and his family on their way to
church services which carry mes
sages Of hope and love to each heart
at Easter.
When the French engineer, Mai.
Pierre Charles L,Enfant, who had
fought in the American Revolution,
prepared plans for the new city,
Washington, he proposed to Gen.
George Washington that there be
erected church for national pur-
poses" However, since the church
and the state had no official con-
4ACSC4OAA IA oAAC yOOAAS OC1IlOCIACy, IIlC
plan was dropped and the site set
aside for this purpose later became
the Patent Office.
Again in 1891, the idea OF a
Church for national purposes" was
revived by Charles G. Glover
and a group of prominent citizens.
It was through their united efforts
that two years later a congressional
charter was granted to the Episco-'
pal Cathedral foundation Ito e.
,tablish and maintain in the Distri::
of Columbia a cathedral and in
stitution of learning" A search for
suitable site followed.
When the Alban Hill property was
found to be available Mrs Percy
Pyne of an old New York family
made the first donation-$15, ,0O0-
and Miss Bessie j. Kibbee of WASH
ington gave q similar amount.
In the years which have elapsed
Evening star., 1940-03-24

turn had receded. And this despite
the fact that the royal decree had
specifically stated that vice-royalty,
administration and revenues were
to be enjoyed by Columbus and his
successors, forever, "por siempre."
Columbus widow initiated the
first law suit in an attempt to regain
the suspended Offices and privileges
Evening star., 1940-03-24

memory of kings. When Columbus
was buried these chains were buried
with him, for they had symbolized
for him throughout the last years
of his life the betrayal of king
who had retracted rights and privi-
leges in the Western lands of his
discovery, once the glitter and
huzzas of the first triumphant re-
Evening star., 1940-03-24

library that throw light on various
phases of American history.
Back Of the Pleitos is a story of
dlsillusionment and heart-break for
the admiral who had hung with bit
terness on the white walls of his
bed chamber heavy links of iron
chains as a constant reminder of
royal ingratitude and the short
Evening star., 1940-03-24

At top The Hispanic Foundation Library of Congress-
phch ouides he elements for the study and appreciation
OF Hpdnic culture" in the United States
from the sides, and aboue them the bookstacks.
BeloW The 100 foot ketch Captana the Harpad
Columbus expedition set last September
Ooyages made by Christopher Columbus before the birth this
country as a ciUilised nation Wide World Photo
Evening star., 1940-03-24
DISCOVERIES Story Put
Into Words of Intrepid
Associates on Voyages
Prof. Morrison Shares With
Dwight Morrow, Jr., Credit
For Finding of Material
By Lucy Salamanca.

The Library OF Congress again has been the starting
of literary
notably to the ever-growng list of cultural
Because of plea wirelessed
ventuous historians and
OF Hpanc Foundation the
Evening star., 1940-07-06
Berfram |. Shap|eieh, 50,
Famed Composer, Dies

Bertram Lincoln Shapleigh, So
internationally known American
composer, died at Emergency Hos
pital Tuesday, following a brief
illness. He had gone to the hos
pital Saturday from his residence
at the Mendoza Apartments, 2220
Twentieth street NV.
Born in Boston. member of
a New England family whose Amer
lean ancestry dated back to 1885,
he was educated by tutors, took
special courses in various colleges
and continued his education in
France and Germany. Finally he
settled in England, among the
Kentish hills not far from London,
where he built Weird Wood, where
he lived for many years.
Conditions arising from the first
World War, especially as they
affected publication, interrupted his
active musical career. In 1915 he
returned to the United States to
devote himself wholly to COM
position. Among his most widely
sung works are Three Songs in
Praise of England" one of which
is inspired by Browning's poem,
20, to Be in England Now That
April's There"
Mr.. Shapleigh wrote in all forms
of musical expression. His SYM
phonic suite, Cur Amir" was per-
formed in April by the Marine Band
Symphony Orchestra. He was un-
married,
Evening star., 1940-07-06
Rites for Joseph 7. Lynch
To Be Held in Bethesda
Special Dispatch to The Star,

Special Dispatch to The Star.
DAMASCUS, Md, July 6.-Funeral
services for Joseph Thomas Lynch,
II, the first victim of Rocky Noun
tain spotted fever in Montgomery
County this year, will be held at
the w. Reuben Pumphrey funeral
home, Bethesda, at 10 AM. Monday.
Burial will be in Rock Greek Gene
terry.
Mr.. Lynch, lifelong resident of
the county, died Thursday after a
Today illness. Until a few weeks
ago he had lived in the southern
part of the county.
DR.. v. L. Ellicott, county health
officer, said Mr.. Lynch's death was
the first from the fever in the county
this year. The annual toll in the
county is about six, he stated.
Mr.. Lynch's survivors include his
widow, Mrs. Elsie Brown Lynch; q
daughter, Miss Elsie Lynch, and a
son, Norman G. Lynch, all of this
section: two brothers, Frank S. and
Edward Lynch of Washington; three
sisters, Mrs. Webb Kefauver and
Mrs. Edwin Higgins of Washington
and Mrs. Ensign Case of Chevy
Chase.
Evening star., 1940-07-06
0rme Among Il Called
For Trial Of Policemen

Eleven witnesses, including for
mer Police Chief Charles M. Orme,
have been summoned for the trial Of
three Montgomery County police
men by the Police Trial Board We'd
nesday on charges of negligence in
connection with the wrecking of the
Jehovahs Witnesses meeting place
in Rockville, June 10.
Also included in the list were
Fowler w. Stevens of Rockville who
was in charge of the service when
mob entered and broke up furni-
ture after demand to salute the
flag was refused. and Bernard w
Rowe of Silver Spring, who, with
Mr.. Stevens, was lodged in the
county Jail in protective" custody
by police after the outbreak.
The others were Mrs. Stevens
wife of the sect leader; John N
Fraley of Derwood, a member of the
sect; Sergt. James r. Miller of the
Maryland State Police, Sergt Theo-
dore Vollten and Policeman ]. B
Day of the county police; Russell
w. Gray of Rockville, an eyewit-
ness, and Clerk Richard H. Lans-
dale Of the county board. The
officers charged are Sergt. Guy
Jones and Policemen L. E. Thomp-
son and Charles Peters.
Evening star., 1940-07-06
Forecasts Pension Bill
Of 100000 Yeorlx

8. r. Carver, statistician for the
government in New South Wales,
testifying before a committee on
youth employment in Sydney, said
that proposed pension plan, which
has won a wide following, would
cost ultimately about $50, 900 900 and
If women were to be included, nearly
$50, 900, 900, annually. The plan
would retire at go all male wage
earnels on a pension Of So week
The chief argument Of its champions
is that 1t would make more room for
employment of youth in industry.
Statistician Carver said that the
number and cost of pensions would
increase from year to year at rate
much more rapid than either total
population or population of working
age.
Evening star., 1940-07-06
Funeral Services Held
For Edward J. Powell

Funeral services for Edward j
Powell, for the last 30 years chief
clerk of the personnel department
in the Bureau of Medicine and
Surgery, Navy Department, who
died Thursday at Naval Hospital
were held at $50 o'clock this morn
ing in his late home, 432 North Mel
son street, Arlington, Va. Solemn
high mass followed at st. Thomas
More's Church.
Born in Elmira, N. Y, on Febru-
ary 3, 1889, Mr.. Powell came to
Washington in 1910 when he re-
ceived civil service appointment
in the Navy Department. Surviving
are his widow, Mrs. Florence v.
Powell; a sister, Mrs. Katherine
Boland of Elmira, N. Y, and a
brother, Francis Powell of Detroit.
Burial was in Cedar Hill Gene
terry. Honorary pallbearers, all Navy
Medical Corps officers. were Comdr
Vincent Hernandez, Comdr. Robert
E. Duncan, Lit Comdr. Clifford A.
Swanson, 1t. Comdr. Richard w.
Hughes, 1t. Comdr. E. P. Kunkel
and 1t. F. R. Lang.