davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1940-05-18
Miss Grace Holmes Elected
Citizens Association Head

Miss Grace B. Holmes, Eastern
High School teacher. was elected
president of the Takoma Park d. c.
Md. Citizens Association last night
at the annual meeting in the
Takoma Park Branch Library. It
is the second time a woman has
been elected to the Office in the last
half century.
Other officers elected included
Mrs. Mary Lamond White, first
woman president, first vice presi-
dent; Lee r. Grabill, second vice
president; Walter Trey, secretary:
Arthur F. Gordon, treasurer; dele
gates to the Federation of Citizens
Associations, Reed F. Martin and
Mr.. Trey.
Burt w. Andrews and DR.. Will
liam A. Hooker comprised the
Nominating Committee.
Complaint was made of the "f1at"
wheels on some of the older cars be-
ing operated on the Butternut street
carline. The Public Utilities Com
mittee was directed to take the mat
ter up with the proper officials. The
proposed "loop" in the vicinity of
Fourth and Butternut streets and
Blair road NV. suggested by the
District Public Utilities Commits
sion, was discussed and its construc-
ton favored. With the construc-
ton OF a loop" in the Takoma
area, it would then be possible to
operate the new streamline cars
which the association requested
some time ago.
Mr.. Grabill stressed the need for
the widening of the bridge over the
Baltimore & Ohio Railroad in
North Takoma and the construction
OF 4-foot walk for pedestrians on
the north side of the structure. The
matter is to be taken up with the
railroad and the Montgomery
County Commissioners.
Evening star., 1940-05-18
! Responsibility { Urged
On Americans for
Full independence
Adult Education
Association Hears
David Cushmun CoyIe

People in the United States should
assume responsibilities to be ION
their own hook" If England loses the
war, David Cushman Coyle, author
and economist, stressed last night
before members of the Adult Educa-
ton Association of the District at
the National Education Association
Building.
Mr.. Coyle, speaking on adult
Education in Wartime said Ameri-
cans never thought of the duties of
adulthood when they helped the
mother country, Great Britain, in the
last World War.
One of our troubles. Mr.. Coyle ad-
vised, Is that Americans are childish
In our ideas and morals. We have
had plenty of morals, he said, but
we never have realized that if YOU
are a moralist you have to pay for it.
I'VE have been escaping from re-
sponsibility throughout all our his
tory" he said.
Mr.. Coyle said that in former days
religion was one of pity, but that
now this feeling is net as true as it
used to be.
The religion of Nazi-ism is one of
creation, the speaker said, and
though it may be the religion of the
devil, 1t is one of power. People
should create power in the United
States, he added, and then we will
have religion.
Whatever happens in the war"
he concluded, I'VE have got to sacri-
flee and have vision and if we do
the result will be better country"
An informal discussion followed
Mr.. Coyle's talk with Chester Will
liams, president of the association,
presiding.
Evening star., 1940-05-18
Tukomu Park Presbyterian

Does Man Serve God for
Nought?" will be the subject of the
Rev. r. Paul Schearrer at II am.
tomorrow. The Sunday evening
services have been discontinued for
the summer.
Wilbur La Roe, jr., will address an
open meeting of the Brotherhood
Club Tuesday evening on THE
Christian Attitude Toward Crime"
Women are invited.
Evening star., 1940-05-18
Enterprisinq Dentist

In dentists waiting room in
London notice affixed to an un-
finished scarf reads: "If you have
to wait would you care to knit q
few rows of this scarf?"
Evening star., 1940-05-18

c-look dazxIinsIy immaculate
in royon shorkskin-perfect for
Summer as it was for the South
ern resort season. A classic
translated to new heights by the
inverted stroPs through which it's
polko dot royon sosh is threaded.
Grond in white; fresh as a flower
in pink or blue. Sizes Us
to 20 O-------------$13.95
M1ssEs' DaEssEs. THIRD FLOOR.
D-If you ore that imaginative
woman who demands different
print and subtle, highly original
coIors-if you confess, too. to a
yen" for pure-dye siIk-you
odore this dress. For it is the
weorobIe shirtfrock so popular in
the resort scene. And it's print
boosts an engaging "teo party"
motif-its colorines ore all un-
usuol. for instance. porsley green
against rose-cloy ground.
Change accessories and wear it
all doy long. Women's sizes,
WoxEN's DaEssrs, Thru F1ooR.
Evening star., 1940-08-25

Ld&T hCCUuHt.
At the close of this item we are
told by the editors that further
account will appear by one Of its
contributors, and the following,
printed on August 81, is most likely
the one referred to-:
AT 10 o'clock in the forenoon on
Tuesday the Corporate Board of
Washington, the Mayor of George
town and number of the members
Of the corporations of Georgetown
and Alexandria, with the Marine
Band, proceeded in two capacious
cars to the late depot, 5 miles from
the city, where at little after II
o'clock they we're met by the several
trains from Baltimore bringing the
directors of the railroad company,
the Governor of the State of Mary
land and some hundreds of ladies
and gentlemen, with a band Of
music. A great portion of the COM
pany from both cities left their
respective cars and spent some time
N mutual welcome and congratula-
Evening star., 1940-08-25

and profitable the steam cars, no
more so than they have in bringing
into general use the automobile ana
the flying machine. In their early
days many accidents resulted in
death, the causes for which had to
be overcome.
One of the first serious accidents
to occur took place in 1885 at the
time of the celebration incident to
the opening of the Washington line,
when Phineas Davis was crushed
beneath one Of his own engines and
killed. An account Of this mis-
fortune is given by Edward Hunger
ford in his STORY of the Baltimore
g. Ohio Railroad Mr.. Hungerford
says:
The death of Charles Reeder of
the Baltimore & Ohio upon one Of
the locomotives which he had build
ed for the road has already been
noticed. A similar fate awaited
Phineas Davis, the matchmaker Of
York, whom already We have seen
quitting his bench to build the first
really successful engine for the Bal
tinore road.
Davis, who was a particularly
well-liked man. was helping the Gel
ebration that followed the opening
of the Washington branch by TAX
ing a party of his workmen on
special excursion train over to the
National Capital. They all had had
a wonderful time of it. Travel in
the days before the coming of the
railroad was not easy and few Bal
timore folk had ever had the time
or the opportunity to 60 to Wash
ington, even though it was but 40
miles away.
"On the return journey Mr.. Davis
was riding upon the locomotive--it
was one of the new engines which
he had just constructed for the
opening of the branch. The train
was running rather better than 25
miles an hour and he was Just COM
menting upon the success Of the
mechanism when the engine struck
a loose rail which had worked out
of its fastenings and was derailed.
The flange of wheel hit the pro-
jecting end and the locomotive went
into the ditch. Every one was
shaken up a good bit, but no one
was seriously injured save Davis.
who was killed almost instantly.
The wheels Of the tender passed
over his body, terribly mangling It,"
The first B. g. o. Railroad station
at Second street and Pennsylvania
avenue, having served its usefulness,
was removed in 1869. and modern
dwellings erected on the site, while
in 1899, the original freight station
of the same road was razed by
Maurice F. Tally in preparing the
ground for the Emery Building,
which was erected and used for
long while by the Bureau Of the
Census.
When the steam railroad moved
from this vicinity in 1852 it occu-
pied its new quarters at the north
east corner Of New Jersey avenue
and C street NV. through the
gates of which nearly all the North
ern troops passed when on their
way to join the Army OF the Poto-
mac during the Civil War. This
building, in turn, was removed in
1907, when the present Union Sta
tion was first occupied by B. g. o.
flyer, on october 81, 1907.
Evening star., 1940-08-25

canning States. Lately the industry
has started in Washington State.
There the canneries are using the
oysters grown from japanese seed.
This oyster grows remarkably quick
ly, requiring but from a year to
18 months to reach maturity.
There Is growing business in
shucked oysters frozen by special
process and kept In cold storage
for summer use. Also, oyster puree.
chowder, and soups are said to be
finding an increasing market; and
a relatively new product Is oyster
powder.
Found HealthfuI.
Oysters first were eaten because
they tasted good; later medical
science found that they are decid-
edly wholesome. containing substan-
tial quantities Of elements essential
to good health. And they are easily
digeStible.
The oyster contains, among sew
eral elements, iron, copper and 10
dine, and one pint of oysters will
supply about half of the phos-
phorous, one-third Of the calcium.
and all of the iron and iodine re-
quired by the average person in
one day. The high iodine content
of oysters makes the bivalve espe.
cially valuable in those areas where
a lack of this element contributes
to the prevalence of goiter.
Nutrition experts point out that
the high iron, copper and man.
ganese content of oysters aids in
making rich red blood; and they
are particularly valuable in the
oyster because they are so readily
assimilated in that form. In addi.
ton to mineral content, oysters
have high protein and vitamin
values. Further. the oyster con-
tains glycogen, a substance resem.
bling starch, but virtually pre-di-
gested.
Taken all in all, 1t has been said
that the oyster is more nearly bal
anced nutritionally than almost any
food save perhaps milk. 1t re-
quires only fats and starches to
round out the list Of essential food
elements.
Evening star., 1940-08-25

it was the objective point Of many
Washingtonians and others who pa
tiently anticipated the entry into
the city.
THE only mail route north Of
New Jersey avenue and C street
exists today, and the track laying
having been completed, the formal
opening took place, as stated,
August Is, 1885. the landing place
being a platform in the open in
the square on which the Census
Office is located. About 10 o'clock a m.
that day, Mayor Bradley, with the
officers and councils of the city, ac-
companied by the Marine Band, left
here in two cars to meet the visitors
Evening star., 1940-08-25

at the District line. and there
awaited the arrival Of the four trains.
About noon they appeared, with
about 800 persons.
"At the point mentioned, all de-
barked and the Mayor welcomed
President Thomas, the officers and
directors of the road and others.
Boarding the trains, the party soon
reached the neighborhood of First
and G streets. where few thousand
WaShingtonianS were on hand to
cheer. There was no crowding, for
few houses were nearby. The visit
ors were escorted to the Indian
Queen now the Metropolitan and
Gadsby's National Hotel and enter
Evening star., 1940-08-25
Bv Herbert H0iIander.

For the next eight months oysters
"R" In season." as the old. old story
has it. and millions Of what the
synonym searchers call succulent BIZ
valves will be consumed in all styles
and in every part OF the country.
In fact, so Unsuitable has become
the public appetite for oysters that
Federal and State Governments
have had to take drastic steps to
insure an unfailing supply. And, in
deed, because fishermen for so many
years just grabbed up all the oysters
and failed to practice conservation
which now is mandatory-the VOL
ume of oysters is much less today
than it was years ago.
1t really is true that if conserva-
tinr -ttsps had not been taken, the
glorious flavor of the oyster, the
manifold delights of the season
which now is ushered in. might be
Just a memory Thankfully. it is
very much more than that, and
whether you live on the coasts,
where fresh oysters are plentiful,
or whether you are dependent on
the canned or refrigerated product,
you can still plunge your fork into
the fat sides of one of these juicy,
tangy fellows and enjoy an epi-
curean delight.
Indians Great Users.
Our American Indians we're great
users of oysters. They ate them in
huge quantities and also dried and
smoked them for preservation. Such
oysters were in common use for
barter purposes.
Yes, oyster eating is an an
cient pastime, and in renewing 1t
this year the American public will
be continuing a custom so old
that nobody really knows just when
it did begin.
In carrying out conservation
practices to save the oyster sup
ply the authorities today have a
Colonial precedent. Back in l766
the Assembly of East Greenwich.
R. l., passed an act forbidding
dredging or other methods of tax
ing oysters except by longing" In
Maine and New Hampshire over
Evening star., 1940-08-25

be noted here between those Of 1885
and 1910. It reminds the writer of
an item he read In a newspaper
printed In 1887. which read: The
carpenters of Detroit paraded the
streets of that city with banner
thus inscribed:
Ten hours a day
And two dollars pay"
Which sounds more like a dream
than a fact.
One of the interesting things in
connection with the question OF
wages of the period Of 1885 and later
is that as salaries advanced railroad
fares became cheaper. AS evidence
of this is an announcement appear
ing in the Intelligencer of June IL,
1853, which says:
The Railroad Fare Reduced-At
the meeting of the directors of the
Baltimore and Ohio Railroad on
Wednesday it was decided to reduce
the fare between Baltimore and
Washington from s1.80 to SIPS, and
for tickets to 60 and return on the
same day from 50 to sl.50. The new
rates are to 60 into effect on the
first of July next"
Strikes in those days were not
usually of the tame and persuasive
character, but frequently ended in
riot and bloodshed, as when the road
under construction had reached a
few miles north of Bladensburg and
IAN increase of wages was asked by
a number of laborers." we are told.
and on refusal several hundred went
on a strike and, marching down the
track, called on others to join them
or take the consequences. All who
declined to stop work were attacked
and beaten. The sheriff, with a
posse. arrested a dozen or more OF
the ringleaders, who were jailed, and
the strike was ended"
End of Stage Route.
An interesting account Of the
great event of 1885. written many
years later. says, in part:
"Bladensburg was reached July
20 and the stage route from the city
terminated there. While that por-
ton of the road south was under
construction, interest increased, and
when the city boundary was reached
Evening star., 1940-08-25

owned by Elexius Simms. D. D.
Arden and othels, most Of them oc-
cupied as boarding houses. On the
depot property were a three-story
brick structure, which had been a
boarding house. and a few minor
Improvements. shops, etc. In short
time this property was fitted for
depot purposes, the brick building
for Offices and living rooms, and in
place of the shops a waiting room,
north of which were the car sheds.
A bell surmounting the brick struc-
ture gave 10 minutes notice of the
departure of trains on their two
daily trips to Baltimore, distance
of 40 miles, accomplished in a little
more than two hours, the usual
speed being Is miles an hour.
Mr.. George Sweeny was the first
agent OF the railroad here, and in
his day. with a force of less than
half dozen, managed the passen-
ger, baggage and freight business.
After Mr.. Sweeny, John Stettinus
was the agent and later Thomas H.
Parsons. He was followed by George
Gilbert. and in war times by George
S. Koontz."
Sections Changed.
Speaking of this old depot, an
article appearing in the press some
years ago said:
THE two houses now standing on
Pennsylvania avenue at the north
west corner of its intersection of
Second street are built on the
foundation of the old depot. The
neighborhood has much changed, but
the old brick car house in the rear,
on Square STA, back from the corner
of B and Second streets, is still in
good condition. 1t can be seen when
passing up B street, near Second,
and also from the windows Of the
Business High School, formerly the
District Building, on First street
Tiber has been arched over through
all that region, but it still flows un-
seen beneath the surface. The ravine
there. which had the Tiber for its
center. has been filled up, and the
surface is now we'll covered with
dwellings, business houses and an
active community"
Things did not all run smoothly
in the early efforts to make popular
Evening star., 1940-08-25

To Washington come the
world's choicest oysters, taken
from nearby Maryland and Vir-
ginid 1Daters and from beds
carefully protected to insure an
untailing supply OF these tang
lest and most popular OF deni-
Gems OF the deep.
In the accompanying article
is told the interesting story of
the oyster. 1t tells his family
history-ancient Kitchen mid
dens" near the National Capital
reueal that oysters 1Dere priced
By the Indians of this area in
prehistoric timeS-and it sets
forth Federal and State con-
serpation methods, the great
industry Uhich has groWn up
around the oyster, and many
other noteworthy facts about
this eDer-popular article OF
diet.
1t is timely because the oyster
season ,DiH be officially opened
merit Sunday 1Dith the dduent OF
September. And the story giDes
the genesis of the old. old Gus
tom, that oysters should be
eaten only in the "R" months.
Evening star., 1940-08-25

tanned The greater number re-
turned to Baltimore within a few
hours.
SITE FRONTING AVENUE.
THE company inside of few
months secured the eastern portion
of reservation II, fronting Pennsyl-
vania avenue west of Second street.
or Tiber Creek, lots l and 2 and
parts of is and II (original num-
bers), extending to B street. as a
site for a depot. with the square on
which is the present depot for an
engine house.
The Tiber, near the Avenue. or
dinarily gently flowed as a wide
stream a few feet in depth over
bed Of white gravel. and it was
favorite place for the hackmen to
water their horses. 1t was not,
however, entirely safe, as was proven
by the drowning therein of hack
man and his horses about 80 years
ago, the team getting in hole. and
there we're more instances than one,
after storms, of the turbulent waters
wrecking the bridge or archway on
the Avenue. as well as houses, the
Jackson Tavern, on the Avenue.
about 1889, and Foy's Hotel, on c
street. In the Sos a man slipped
in the creek and was drowned in
l8 inches of water, but whisky had
much to do with it. For many years
there was barely room between the
railroad buildings and the stream
for carriage or wagon, with no
protection by barrier. AS a result,
now and then some one fell In the
water, but, 1t being shallow, few
fatalities occurred.
THE Avenue had been improved
year or two before and part of
the wooden bridge damaged in
recent flood had been replaced by
an arch.
Little Of the reservation oppo-
site the station had been used as
the Botanic Garden, and much of it
was swampy, the Tiber as an open
stream passing through it. On the
Avenue, between the Tiber and the
Capitol Grounds, there were few
Improvements other than the An
drew Jackson Tavern and j. T.
Kellmons grocery. West of the
depot were several three-story bricks
Evening star., 1940-08-25

during the summer In early times
no doubt was due to the fact that
1t was di1lcult to transport fresh
oysters far from production CEN
ters and also because oysters taken
from many localities are not as
solid and plump in summer, the
spawning season"
Just to look at an oyster you
might think its life was very dull.
But quite the contrary is the case.
It has a busy time and an excit-
ing one, too, because the sea is
full of natural enemies. In the
free-swimming stage the tiny oy-
ster larvae are favovrite food of
many tough hombres, including
brother oysters. After the spat, or
young oyster, is securely attached
to some firm object (whose sup
port it must have to live or thrive)
and begins building that sturdy
limestone fortress about himself,
1t still isn't safe. No, not even
after the fortress is finished, for
in the latter stages Of develop
ment cruel little aquatic creatures,
armed with drills, suction pumps,
crushers and other DEATH dealing
devices prey upon the quiet and
peace-loving oyster.
Oyster fishermen have to keep
after these and other oyster destroy
es.S constantly in order to save the
beds from complete spoilation.
It takes an oyster from two to
four years to grow up and become
Juicy, succulent, tasty and market
able. The age of an oyster can be
reckoned from the successive layers
making up its shell, much as the
rings on a tree indicate its age.
In its own eating the oyster strains
enormous quantities Of water In
search for the minute particles
which constitute its food.
With the depletion of the natural
oyster beds, oyster culture has be-
come increasingly important. Some
times this is restricted to growing
spat for seed oysters: sometimes to
the raising of transplanted seed oys-
ters to oysters Of marketable size;
and sometimes there Is culture both
Of seed oysters and the raising OF
Evening star., 1940-08-25

State along the Atlantic Coast from
Massachusetts, to Texas. inclusive,
and in Washington, Oregon and
California along the Pacific Coast.
BY far the largest production comes
from the Atlantic and Gulf coasts.
OF these, the Chesapeake Bay area
holds first rank. The annual United
States harvest of oysters averages
about 100000 bushels, valued at
more than $5,O00,0O0 to the fisher
men.
The recognized oyster season ex-
tends from September to April, in
elusive. The custom that oysters
Evening star., 1940-08-25
fishing is said to have virtually

fishing is said to have virtually
ruined the beds.
Today dredging is restricted as to
season and grounds. and where It
is permitted 1t is hedged about
with rigorous conservation regula-
tiops. In certain public beds tong
ing alone is allowed.
The United States is wonderfully
favored in the matter of oysters,
and if the present conservation
methods of the United States Bu-
reau of Fisheries and the various
States and private agencies are
continued and broadened-as Is be-
ing done now on a wide scale
there never should be dearth Of
this tasty and nutritious denizen
Of the deep.
Widely Distributed.
oysters are the most widely dis
tributed sea food taken In Amer.
lean waters and are found In the
salt and brackish waters Of every