Evening star., 1940-01-25
Pan-American
Union Cited as
Peace Example
Cause and Cure of
War Conference
Told Of Cooperation

aOOlpll "A. oCi lC UUudy OllClCu IIlC
world the example of the Pan
American Union, implemented by
the doctrine of continental sol-
darity, as guide to all nations to-
ward a technique of living together
in peace. He spoke at the morning
session of the last days proceedings
of the Fifteenth Conference on the
Cause and Cure of War, which is
meeting at the Washington Hotel.
DR.. Berle said the doctrine of con-
tinental solidarity. calling for the
cooperative pursuit by all Americas,
on an equal basis, of their own in
terests, has superseded the Monroe
Doctrine, which set forth the thesis
that the United States was the
dominant power in the Western
Hemisphere. However, he made it
clear that the Monroe Doctrine still
exists and is still available.
The continental solidarity of pam
Americanism, DR.. Berle said, is the
most successful grouping of ma
tions in existence" He found it
workable because it is a co-opera-
tive movement of nations in which
emphasis is laid on the sovereignty
of each nation with the principle
of equality" preserved. 1t repre-
sents real desire not to let ma
tionalism run away"
Merits of Solidarity.
Like any code, it is sometimes
broken; but always the American
family reverts to it's determination
to live together in such understand
ing that no controversy goes with
out solution" he declared.
DR.. Berle described the merits of
American continental solidarity
after considering the problems
which result in war. He found a
source of war in the sort of nation
alism which joins "the desire to
make ones country splendid" with
the wish to make other countries
subservient to it, if not to conquer
them outright" But there can be
spiritual and cultural nationalism
which lacks the conquering spirit
even in nations whose boundaries
are limited, he said.
"The first and greatest need in
world peace" DR.. Berle said, "is that
the people within each boundary
shall want peace and want it so
much that they are prepared to
establish the normal human con-
text of relations with the people in
every other nation"
The Arnoy.ioor rofiN,oc Loxo
complished this, DR.. Berle said.
A speech by Mrs. Franklin D.
Roosevelt was the high light of the
meeting last night.
A new peace, Mrs. Roosevelt de-
clared, depends on the attitude
of women who must make up
their minds that war is not an
instrument that settles anything.
Only through sacrifices will such a
peace be possible, she said.
World Grows Smaller.
There must be no quibbling when
the time comes for new peace -
Mrs. Roosevelt said. THE time is
coming when we must face the fact
that we are no longer able to live
in a little world of our own =.
The world has grown smaller, and
the sooner we discover this fact the
sooner we will know what causes
wars"
Mrs. Roosevelt stressed the impor-
tance of equipping youth for the
problems facing the world. Youth
she stated, must be taught subjects
that are not tied up with nationalism
If they are to become good citizens
I'VE should be tremendously in
terested in what goes on in public
schools, for it is here that begins
the real understanding of what goes
on in other nations" she said. 1--WE
should teach them more music and
art, for that transcends nationalism
and promotes international good
will"
Urges Community Work.
Mrs. Roosevelt called on the women
to accomplish their aims by working
In their own communities.
Mrs. Carrie Chapman Gait, the
81-year-old feminist leader, was ap-
plauded when she facetiously sug-
gested to the conference that mod
ern countries adopt the 18th century
method of two matriarchal tribes in
Sumatra to settle wars-a fight be-
tween two ferocious bullocks.
What an improvement that
would be over our present plan,
exclaimed Mrs. Gait.
And how much cheaper! We
would maintain a small ZOO of wild
animals. 1t would not cost nearly
as much as building a battleship
and entrance fees to the fights
might pay the national debt II
would at least balance the budget
DIR. Nelson Speaks.
The United States was wise tx
clear itself" technically from Japan
the second speaker on the program
DR.. William Allen Nelson, presiden
emeritus of Smith College, told tn,
group. He pointed out that th'
trade treaty with Japan, who "ha
broken her word with U.s." expire
tomorrow, and that it remains tt
be seen what our future relations
with that country will be-"
This country, he said, has re-
manned calm while China is sub
jected to the greatest present-da.
tragedy" of invasion by Japan.
One of the first sacrifices for tn
cause of peace, DR.. Nelson main
tanned, was the renewal of Secretar.
of State Hull's reciprocal trade treat
les. Another sacrifice, he said, wa
the caring for refugees.
Presiding last night was Mis-
Josephine Schain, chairman of tn
conferences Executive Committee
Mrs. Carrie Chapman Gait, 81
year-old honorary chairman of tn
committee, gave short address a
concluding speaker.