davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1940-05-28
French Blast West WALL Hinting Invasion Of Reich
She|Iing May Be Ruse
To Relieve Pressure
On Other Fronts
Connonodine Could Pave
Way for Dash Over
Rhine Into Baden

By the Associated Press.
BASEL, Switzerland, May 28.-The
fourth successive day of systematic
blasting at German West Wall
Notifications and railroads by
Frances great Rhine forts aroused
speculation among foreign observers
today over the possibility of a
French smash across the river into
Germany.
The continued shelling, coupled
with the French engineers action in
dynamiting their own f1oodland
dikes last Friday, accented the ques-
ton whether the French might
mean misunderstanding the ground
work for a dash into Baden.
Balanced against this was con-
lecture that the French move was
more make-believe, like the Nazis'
maneuvering of fortnight ago-to
keep enemy forces from being with
drawn for action elsewhere.
Germans Worried Swiss.
Then the Germans had Switzer-
lands observers worrying over a
possible swoop around the southern
end of Frances Maginot Line.
A German Army of more than 20
divisions, including motorized troops,
gathered near the Northern Swiss
frontier as the blitzkrieg against
Holland and Belgium began.
Several days ago almost all OF
these units vanished while trainloads
of German wounded started moving
into hospitals around Lake Con-
stance.
Then, without preliminaries, the
French Maginot forts north of Basel
opened fire. Their big guns have
been directed mainly against the
German forts of Istein, the "Gibral-
tar of the Rhine
Military observers pointed out
that the French activity, which has
brought little reply so far from
German guns, might mean an at
tempt to cover up reported shifting
of troops from that area into the
western battle zone, or an effort to
force the Germans to strengthen
their defenses with troops needed
on their side of the northwestern
fronts.
Locks May Be Dynamited.
They agreed that at least two
things must precede any French
drive across the Rhine:
/. Weakening of the German
Rhine communications and smash
ing of many German Notifications
objects of the renewed cannonad-
ing.
2. Dynamiting of the Rhine
Rhone Canal locks to permit dl-
version of enough Rhine water SO
that troops could wade across GER
tain points of the boundary river
In blowing up many of the locks
French engineers left the main locks
and gates partly standing to give
partial control of the water level
Despite relaxing of Switzerlands
tension following the German con-
centrations, Gen. Henri Guisan has
kept the Swiss citizen army under
his command fully prepared.
Road patrols of militarized po-
lice troops continue strict check
on all vehicles and armed guards
remain posted at all strategic pub
lie buildings and factories.
Strangers touring frontier zones
and even important central areas
have found blank signboards from
which all names of villages and all
distance figures have been removed.
Evening star., 1940-05-28
Colby Charges New Deal
'Botched' Job of Defense
" the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
BUFFALO, N. Y. May 28.-The
paramount duty" Of the American
people is to build up the national
defenses" and curb, or at least post
pone expression of resentment" in
the opinion of cambridge Colby,
Secretary of State under President
Wilson.
Mr.. Colby told Buffalo Sons Of
American Revolution last night the
duty" of defense has long been de-
layed, much neglected, fearfully
botched and bungled by an admins
tration of which we were told to ex-
pect better things"
Evening star., 1940-05-28
7 uxes

Continued From First Page }
Evening star., 1940-05-28

sion will continue its study and OBJ
servation of television develop
ments and plans to make further
inspection and survey in the fall.
Meanwhile. the commission stands
ready to confer with the industry
and to assist in working out any
problems concerned with television
broadcasting.
Evening star., 1940-05-28
Chamberlain Munich
Pilot Killed, Wife Told
nv the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
ATCHISON, Kans., May 28.-In
September, 1888, Comdr. Douglas
King of the British Air Force few
Neville Chamberlain to Munich,
Germany, for his peace in our
time" conference. A year later came
the European war.
Now Mrs. King has been informed
her husband was killed in action
three weeks ago.
Mrs. King, an American, had lived
10 years in England before coming
here to visit relatives
Evening star., 1940-05-28
Used U. S. Sport Planes
Are Sought by Allies

BY the Associated Press.
ST. LOUIS, May 28.-Second-hand
American sport planes are being
sought by the Allies for observation
work at the front, it was learned
today.
Guarded inquiries have been made
in flying circles here about 1899
models Of a certain type of three
place monoplane. The search for
used planes apparently is due to the
absence of mass production of this
type of plane.
Evening star., 1940-05-28
FITZGERALD to Speok

SALISBURY, Md. May % fR.-
James B. Fitzgerald of Bethesda,
Maryland department commander
and national vice commander of the
American Legion. will be the speaker
at Memorial Day services hare
Thursday. EE
Evening star., 1940-05-28
Bonus for Speedy Unloading

French railways may offer a bonus
to all those receiving freight if they
will unload the car Immediately on
arrival.
Evening star., 1940-10-06
Mechanized Forces
Fail to-Diminish
|nfantry's Role
Value of Machines Held
To Lie to Coordination
With Soldiers on Foot
Bv KIRKE L. SIMPSON,
Associated Press Stan Writer.

Thirteen months of up-to-date
war in Europe. with Nazi blitzkrieg
trimmings, leaves the question of
British sea versus German air power
unsettled, but has not changed
fundamental concept of how land
battles are fought and won.
1t is still bayonets that win bat
ties not machines. That is the
essence of German blitzkrieg tech
nique, of all military experience.
The function of all other arms.
from Roman chariots to 80-ton Nazi
tanks, from rock-hurling catapults
to bomb-dropping planes. is to help
the foot soldiery do its grim job.
The only miracle referred to by
German experts in recounting the
stunning victories by Hitler's armies
from Poland to France is miracle
of training and staff precision to
achieve co-ordinated application in
battle. That is the lesson of this
war, Of the World War and of all
previous wars.
Dangerous Tendency Seen.
Nazi militarists have noted a
tendency in German public opinion
which they regard as dangerous
to expect miracles where mechani-
cal robots do the fighting, not men.
Before this writer is a translation
of an article in Berlin technical
military journal, "Militar ue Och
enblatt," appearing in Berlin last
August. Its title is Die Infantrie
i'm Blitzkrieg" and it came from
the pen of German professional
soldier of rank.
He analyses Nazi army victories
from Poland to the final cracking
of the French line on the Somme-
Aisne which brought France to her
knees. This is his conclusion:
They (the battles, have proved
that the enemy's last resistance
must be broken, as hitherto, by the
infantry, and that in the last hum
dred meters Of a charge the in
fantry must accomplish this result
unaided Thy tanks, aircraft or ar
tillery) and solely by force of its
own weapons. 1t the German
infantry bore the main burden Of
Evening star., 1940-10-06
Secret Research Mad
To Improve Devices
For Gun Fire Control
Technical Processes
Made Available to
Instrument Makers
BY the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
ROCHESTER, N. Y, Oct. 5.-Re-
suits of a secret research project
which its sponsors expect to be
highly significant in improving
United States gunflre-contro in
struments were announced today at
the closing session of the 25th an
nual convention of the Optical So
ciety of America.
The technical process involved was
made available to all builders of
military optical instruments with
the delivery of joint paper by DR..
Frank L. Jones and Howard ].
Homer, holders of the Bausch &
Lomb Fellowship at Mellon Insti-
tute, Pittsburgh.
Progress of the research hitherto
had been kept secret, the optical
officials explained, until successful
Evening star., 1940-10-06
conclusion could be reported and the
technical process described.

conclusion could be reported and the
technical process described.
Entitled chemical methods for
increasing the transparency Of glass
surfaces" the study disclosed .
method of controlling an ole pro-
cess of increasing the amount Of light
transmitted by lenses and prisnaS
vital in such military instruments
as range finders.
The project, DR.. Jones said, now
has reached the stage where glass
surfaces can be treated successfully
by chemical solutions for increased
light transmission. Many military
instruments in which a train Of op-
teal parts is required will be treated
to cut the surface reflection and
boost the passage Of light, he ex-
planned.
Greater durability of the optical
glass also results from the method,
DR.. Jones pointed out, because the
glass is less soluble, less affected by
weather conditions.
Evening star., 1940-10-06
Army's Parachute Battalion
Swomped With Applications

The men bailed out of planes at
about 300 feet. One was forced to
use his emergency parachute when
the first one failed to open.
Thirty-four officers and 4l2 men,
all volunteers, will make up the full
battalion.
Privates in the present expert
mental group receive about $50
monthly extra pay, while non-com-
missioned officers and commissioned
officers are rewarded accordingly.
However, this is only a temporary
basis and the pay rate for the per-
manent unit must be determined by
Congress.
Immediately after the jumping
demonstration here the visiting gen.
erals left by plane for San Antonio.
Tex. stopping at Barkesdale Field,
Shreveport, La, for lunch.
Evening star., 1940-10-06

the struggle and proved to be queen
of the battlefield"
The writer quotes from present
German army regulations to gov
ern training for combined arms"
as follows:
THE object of all arms is to
allow the infantry to reach the
enemy while still in possession of
sufficient firing and attacking power
to bring about final decision"
Proper Training Cited.
If lin many places" in those
battles the Nazi infantry came to
grips with IAN already crushed foe"
due to effectiveness of Nazi aviation
and tanks, the author adds. "this
merely proves that our troops of all
arms have been properly trained and
not that the importance of the in
fantrys mission has diminished"
Because of that training, also, the
writer adds, German infantry fire.
quently reached its objective with
incredibly small losses" and was
able to spring forward in hot pur-
suit to exploit a tactical success and
turn it into a smashing strategic
victory.
This necessitates bold and de-
cisive action on the part of subor-
dinate commanders, who can usually
count only on their own respective
units and must wage the combat
without relying on assistance of
their neighbors, the article added.
"' the commanders of even the
smallest German army units were
glad to assume responsibility. 1t was
this fact that was new to our foes.
They call it blitzkrieg and talk
of our secrets. To us this quick sue
cess was due to our training"
Evening star., 1940-10-06
Puerto Rico Is Seen
KeytoU ). Defenses
In the Caribbean
Vieques Boy May Be
Developed by Navy
To Hurbor Entire Fleet

This is the first OF series OF
articles on the United States
naval and ariation defense sta
tionS in the West Indies and ho1O
they link in With the eight bases
recently acquired from Great
Britain for defense OF the entire
Western Hemisphere.
Evening star., 1940-10-06

Caribbean Sea entrance to the
Panama Canal. Previously the
nearest dock where a battleship
could be repaired has been at
Charleston, S. c.
The new cruiser dock at San
Juan, costing some $4,000, 900, has
been built by and belongs to the
insular government of Puerto Rico,
but will be promptly turned over
to the United States Navy to meet
war requirements if the need de-
velops
Foresight Is Proven.
The foresight of the United
States 40 years ago in acquiring the
Guantanamo Bay post, which is now
of vital importance, is proved since
the pact of Havana gives the United
States the leadership in defending
the integrity of the Western Hemi-
sphere. The United States took over
this strategic position under the
treaty of peace with Spain, con-
cluded in Paris December 10, 1898,
and proclaimed April II, 1899. The
United States undertook to assume
and discharge the objectives that
may under international law result
from its occupation for protection
of life and property" under an act
of March 2. 1901. 1t is significant
that the former President Theo-
dore Roosevelt on March 27, 1902,
sent to Congress a message cover
ing what has since been known
as "the Platt amendments"-one
of which says: That to enable the
United States to maintain the in
dependence of Cuba, and to protect
the people thereof, as we'll as for
its own defense, the government of
Cuba will sell or lease to the United
States land necessary for coaling
or naval stations at certain Specl-
fled points"
Guantanamo Bay commands the
most important entrance to the
Caribbean-the Windward Passage
which is the principal entrance to
and outlet from the Panama Canal.
1t is on the far-eastern end of the
island from Havana and midway
between Santiago. which was the
chief scene of action in the Spanish
American War, and Gonaives, Haiti,
where Toussaint L'Ouverture was
captured by the French. 1t is hard
by where Columbus landed and
about the same distance from the
stronghold of the buccaneers in
1880.
On February 6, 1908. the republic
of Cuba and the United States en-
tered into an agreement under
which the land embraced within the
Guantanamo Naval Station was
leased. This is now being expanded,
with initial appropriations of $l0,-
900 900 to take care of naval avia-
ton and for dredging and mooring
of ships. Guantanamo Bay is an
excellent harbor. is completely shell
tered and easily defended-but 1t is
too small for the fleet, under present
threatening conditions. Adjacent
are satisfactory sites for auxiliary
works. It is better harborage for
large ships than our own American
owned nearby island of Puerto Rico
affords. at San Juan.
All in all, this Caribbean Sea area
is receiving close and intensive study
by naval strategists for the many
aspects of Western Hemisphere de-
fense and the requirements of the
worlds grea test navy
Evening star., 1940-10-06
Two Federal Officials
Will Address ConcIuve

Two Federal officials will speak at
the third session of the Institute of
Economics and Finance at Occi-
dental College in Los Angeles, Oc-
tober II, 18 and l9.
They are Isador Lubin, commits
sioner of the Bureau of Labor Sta
tistics, Labor Department, who will
speak on national defense, and Amos
E. Taylor, chief of the finance di-
vision in the Commerce Depart
ments Bureau of Foreign and
Domestic Commerce, who will dis
cuss problems of world finance.
Harold G. Moulton, president OF
the Brookings Institution, has been
named a counselor by the institute.
Evening star., 1940-10-06
Toxpoyers Who Move
Cost D. G. Some Revenue

Warning. yesterday. that the
deadline for payment of second-half
District income taxes is October Is.
Tax Assessor Edward A. Dent said
the municipal government may lose
a relatively small sum due from tax
payers who have moved away from
the city.
Bills for the second half have
been mailed to about 5000 persons
who paid first-half bills last April.
About 200 of these have been re-
turned because of faulty addresses
or because the taxpayer has moved.
A large percentage Of taxpayers
paid the full amount due last April,
the assessor said.
Evening star., 1940-10-06
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
FORT BENNING. Ga, Oct. S.
Maj. William M. Miley, commander
of the Army's new 501st Parachute
Battalion. already is swamped with
volunteer applications for the first
force of Uncle Sans sky army.
Since the War Department an
nounced organization of the bat
talon two days ago the 43-year old
commander has had enough applica-
tions from officers and men to as
sure him a full complement when
ever facilities are ready.
The major talked to newsmen
while watching part of his expert
mental unit of one officer, Capt. w.
T. Ryder, and II men prepare for
the mass jump demonstration given
for visiting Latin American army
chieftainS today.
Evening star., 1940-10-06
Hershey to Address
Trade Bourd Friduy

Members of the National Defense
Commission have been invited to
hear 1t. Col. Lewis B. Hershey, act
ing United States selective service
executive, address the first fall
meeting of the Washington Board
of Trade next Friday night at
o'clock in the Willard Hotel
Brig. Gen. Albert L. Cox will
speak on behalf of the Red Cross
Roll Call.
Evening star., 1940-10-06
D. c. Student Elected

ABINGDON. Va. Oct. 5 tSpe-
ciaD james v. Scott of l245 Talbert
street Sc, Washington. has been
elected president of the student
body of the Abingdon Academy
which starts its first session here
this year. He also is chairman of
the Honor Committee which func-
tions as a part of the student gov
ernment.
Evening star., 1940-10-06
Will Entertuin Auxiliary

The Henry w. Lawton Camp No
4 of the United Spanish War Vet
erans will entertain the ladies auxil-
iary and members of other camps
at 7:30 pm. today at 1912 Ninth
street, NV.
Evening star., 1940-10-06

1t cost Tauber, the famous Ger
man singer, over $4,000 to become
British subject, the amount being
the difference between five years
taxes as a resident of England and
as a visitor.
Evening star., 1940-10-06

Motifs County Council in England
has ruled that conscientious objec-
tors in its employ who refuse to
undertake military service shall re-
ceive only soldiers pay.
Evening star., 1940-10-06

Coffee shipped from Nicaragua
to the United States between jan
uary l and July SO weighed over
81 900 900 pounds.
Worcester Democrat and the ledger-enterprise. (Pocomoke City, Md.) 1921-1953, 1940-03-29
CHIRPS
Continued from Page -

aided the coming of Spring. But it
must have sprung in another direction
this year, because Easter was more
like Christmas, and even now Charley
Council doesn't come down town min
us his overcoat, muffler, gloves, over
shoes and a rose bud in his lapel.
Says he can't afford to take chances
by leaving off any protection against
winds and weather these days. Says
if one takes care of himself in his
youth, one has chance to see a good
old age.
Well, Mr.. Paychek, I'll be turning
in Friday (this is Tuesday, and say
ing little prayer. And I don't care
where you came from, just so you
knock the liver lights out of that De-
troit man. I'm hoping you are the
white hope we've been looking for, for
Lo! these many days.
Worcester Democrat and the ledger-enterprise. (Pocomoke City, Md.) 1921-1953, 1940-03-29

Funeral services were held Tues
Worcester Democrat and the ledger-enterprise. (Pocomoke City, Md.) 1921-1953, 1940-03-29
TRI-COUNTY POULTRY
ASSOCIATION MEETS

The Tri-County Poultry Association
will lhold it's annual banquet at Bills
Seafood Inn in Salisbury on Friday
evening, March goth at 1880.
DR.. Merely A. JUL of the Univer-
sity of Maryland will be the principal
speaker. Billy Heaton, H. Brewing
ton, Curt Berwyn and Cheerful Char
lie" Andrews of WSAL will furnish
the entertainment.
The Tri-County Poultry Association
is composed of poultry raisers and
those interested in the poultry indus
try in Worcester, Wicomico and SOM
erset counties. Robert Street of Prin
cess Anne is president; L. L. Colona
of Pocomoke is vice-president and
Robt. Pusey, Jr., of Princess Anne is
secretary.
Worcester Democrat and the ledger-enterprise. (Pocomoke City, Md.) 1921-1953, 1940-03-29
OPEN SEASON
FOR SOME GERMS
ALWAYS HERE
About 10000 Tests Are Made
Each Month In The Lab.
OratOry Branches
DEMONSTRATIONS GIVEN
TO INTERESTED GROUPS

"It is always the open season fol
disease-producing germs of some sort
Some of them are always on the job
Accordingly there is never any let-uI
in the work of the archaeological
Laboratories of the State Department
of HEALTH" DR.. r. H. Riley, Director
of the State Department of Health
said recently in commenting upon the
volume and variety of the work car
ried on by the Central and the Branch
Laboratories.
"The laboratories are so situated
that they form d network covering the
entire State. They are at the service.
at all times, of the practicing ply
sicians in the counties, as aids in the
diagnosis of diseases. They are in OPP
Grafton day and night and every day
in the year.
"The Central Laboratory is at the
headquarters of the Department in
Baltimore City; the branch laborator-
les for the Eastern Shore are at Hur-
lock and Salisbury and the other
branch laboratories are at Cumber-
land, Hagerstown, Frederick and Rock
vile. Branch laboratories at Elkton
and Annapolis are about ready to be
opened.
"About 10000 tests are made each
month in the central and six branch
laboratories. Over 10000 of these
are made for physicians and the rest
are made on samples of water, milk,
oysters and other foods.
"In 1889 out of total of 244,0OO
tests, over 100000 were made for ply
sicians as aids in the diagnosis of
pneumonia, diphtheria, typhoid fever,
tuberculosis, undulant fever, tularem-
ia, tick-bite fever, the venereal dis
eases and other communicable dis
eases, and over $4,000 in the eXamina-
ton of milk, oysters, other foods and
water.
physicians who avail themselves
of the services of the Bureau of Bac-
teriology either take or send the speci
mems or other material submitted fol-
examination to the nearest labora-
tory. Containers for the specimens
with instructions as to their use, are
supplied to the doctors, free of charge
A report of the laboratory findings
is sent to the doctor by telephone OF
mail as soon as the tests are COM
pleted. A duplicate copy of the re-
port is sent at the same time to the
County Health Officer.
"The meteorological laboratories
Worcester Democrat and the ledger-enterprise. (Pocomoke City, Md.) 1921-1953, 1940-03-29

serve the public through the more
than 800 physicians practicing in the
counties of Maryland, and through
health office rs and other officials of
the State Department of Health. No
charge is made for these services.
Physicians are kept in touch with the
laboratory service through direct con-
tact in bringing specimens to the
central and branch laboratories and
by written reports.
"Talks and demonstrations are CIV
en- by DR.. c. A. Perry, Chief of the
Bureau of Bacteriology and other
members of the bureaus from time to
time to county medical societies and
other groups interested in this work.
Physicians and the public are always
welcome to visit the laboratories"
Worcester Democrat and the ledger-enterprise. (Pocomoke City, Md.) 1921-1953, 1940-03-29
MARCH SESSION CIRCUIT
COURT BEGAN MONDAY
Continued from Page u
ault: Crancil Dennis and Maurice

Continued from Page -
assault: Crancil Dennis and Maurice
Collick.
For larceny and receiving stolen
goods: Lewis Barbley, Lawrence c.
Adkins and John N. Reddish.
For desertion and non-support:
Richard White, Norman Chesser, and
Chester M. Grunsten.
For Sunday dancing, e charges),
Harvey Ruble.
ca Monday a Jury returned ver-
dict in favor of William B. Duncan
VS. Horace G. Payne ct al in suit
brought regarding the ownership of
some corn.
Tuesday was spent on arguing mo-
tions and clearing the docket of old
cases.
Wednesday a trespass case of John
H. Townsend, of Libertytown Section
VS. Charles H. Wilkins & Son was
started and was not expected to be
completed before late Thursday.
On Friday morning all of the peo-
pie arraigned before the Circuit Court
and their dates for trial set.
Criminal cases under the rules Of
Court will start on Monday, April 1.
The report Of the Grand Jury Com