davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1940-01-21
Utah Killer to Fuce
Firing Squad March 9
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
SALT LAKE CITY, Jan. 20.-
John Markham, 26-year-old Salt
Lake City robber killer, was SEN
fenced today to die March . before
the guns Of Utah's State Prison
firing squad.
Markham could die by hanging,
had he so preferred. Utah, the only
State providing execution by gun
fire, gives its condemned criminals
q choice.
Markham refused to make that
choice. Judge Oscar w. McConkie
made it for him.
Markham, barber shop porter,
was convicted January II of the
fatal slugging Of j. G. Smith, elder
ly newsstand proprietor, in a holdup
last November Is.
Evening star., 1940-01-21
Federation Demands
Facts on Rutland
Custer Move
Citizens Serve Notice
Of Fight to Retoin
Health Officer

Demanding 'the complete story"
behind the Commissioners reor-
ganization proposal to supplant DR..
George C. Rutland as health Off
GER, the Federation of Citizens As
sociation served notice last night
that it would vigorously oppose the
move.
1t adopted a resolution praising
DR.. Ruhlands accomplishments dur
ing his five years service and de-
manding his retention as health
officer.
The federation also launched a
move for legislation to give the
Public Utilities Commission power to
control and regulate the price of
fuel oil in the District. Delegates
declared the prices charged for fuel
oil here are higher than in cities
further removed from the source of
supply.
The Rutland resolution, submit
ted by DR.. c. B. Campbell, chairman
of the Health Committee, said DR..
Rutland has fulfilled his duty of
bettering public health and that
"the health of the citizens of this
city is better conserved today than
ever before"
Record Praised.
During his service as health OFF,
Ger, it said, the general death rate
has been reduced, deaths in ma
ternity cases lessened and Gallinger
Hospital enlarged
by reason of the District being
the seat of the Federal Govern
ment, there is an ever-present in
clination on the part of officials
of the National Government to ex-
ercise Federal control in matters
which elsewhere would be deemed
purely municipal" the resolution
said. ''Federalization of the Dis
trict Health Department would be
backward step for residents of
this city who seek a greater con-
troll of their local government"
The Federation declared that in
(See FEDERATION. page A-101
Evening star., 1940-01-21
Five Die in Maryland
In Series of Fires

Five persons died yesterday in
Maryland fires which razed the
Orlole Elementary School, two cot
tages at Cedar Beach, a house near
Hancock and downtown building
in Baltimore.
William Barnett, 46-year-old elec-
trician, perished in the Cedar Beach
blaze, near Baltimore, which flared
until two Essex fire companies could
break through ice a foot thick on
Sues Creek to get water. .
Sergt. George Holman of the
Essex police said Mr. Barnett's wife
and 14-year-old daughter, Margaret,
told him Mr.. Barnett had driven
them from the house after an argu.
ment, according to an Associated
Press dispatch.
They went to neighbor's home,
they said, and a few minutes later
saw their own house in flames. The
blaze also destroyed the home Of
Joseph McCubbin, and drove q third
family out into sub-freezing tenn
peratures. when it spread to the
roof Of another cottage.
Rescue Attempt Fails.
Roland Meyers, who had skated
across the creek, was driven back
by flames when he attempted to
rescue Mr.. Barnett.
Kate Yonker, colored widow, two
OF her children and a granddaughter
died in a fire which destroyed their
home mile west of Hancock. Three
sons escaped.
Twenty Baltimore firemen were
treated at the fire department in
Urinary for exposure after they
waded into water-filled basement
to fight q stubborn blaze in the
Bourse Building, located downtown
across from the Customs House. The
men were suffering from the effects
OF smoke as well as the icy water.
Thick smoke arising from burning
(See WEATHER, Page A-40
Evening star., 1940-01-21
Womon's Body Found
At Top Of Water Tower
Ry the Associated Press.

0y tne ASSOClSCeQ FreN3.
OSKAWANA ON THE HUDSON,
N. Y, Jan. 20.-A prying junkman
tonight found the body Of . woman,
dead from 4 to 6 months, jammed
between water pipes in a tiny room
at the top Of an abandoned New
York Central Railway water tower.
The room, 5x5x3 feet, was 80 feet
above the ground and accessible
only by Q perpendicular steel ladder.
Evening star., 1940-01-21
|South's S Fruit
Crops kenaced
ByCo|d Wave
a Die in Maryland
Fires; Boy Shipping
Faces New Trouble

Winter held fast its grip on Wash.
ington last night as frigid blasta
menaced multi million dollar fruit
and vegetable crops in the deep
South.
Maryland counted five deaths in
fires attributable to the weather,
and a four alarm blaze in Baltimore
sent 20 firemen to clinics for treat
ment for exposure.
Continued cold in prospect for the
District today and tomorrow also
was the lot of the Free State,
threatening fresh troubles for Ches-
apeake Bay shipping and presenting
gloomy outlook for the States
oyster fleet, already bottled up by
ice at Annapolis, Cambridge and
other points.
The mercury here rose slightly
last night, with a low of IS de-
grees held likely for the early hours
this morning.
al Die in 27 States.
Cold waves barged into the South
east and Southwest, while the icy
North expected little relief, and the
list Of deaths attributed by the
Associated Press to the cold wave
mounted to 141 victims in q States.
Sub-freezing conditions extended
far into the rich Florida citrus belt.
No damage was reported but grow
ers prepared for another night Of
tending smudge pots when the
weather bureau forecast mot much
change in temperature except slight
ly colder on the South coast"
Minimum readings included 16
above in Pensacola. Fla, 81 in Jack
Sonvllle and 40 in Miami A low Of
seven above was reported in Atlanta.
In ALBANIA, where the mercury
dropped to two above in Florence
and eight above in Birmingham,
Charles j. Brockway, county farm
agent at Mobile, estimated damage
to the cabbage crop alone at more
than $85 900.
Cold, snow and sleet moved to-
ward the $l0O,OOO,OOO citrus fruit
belt in the Rio Grande Valley Of
Texas. Thousands of smudge fires
were arranged to ward of the chill
OF an expected siege of 27-degree
weather. Government agriculture
lists believe such severity would
be ruinous.
Minus 20 in Maine Town.
Continued cold was predicted for
most OF the States in the East and
Midwest although some moderation
was in sight. Subzero readings were
general in the northern section of
New England but a measure of re.
lief was in prospect. Greenville, Me-.
with minus 20. established the Ma.
tion's low mark.
The lowest marks of the season
were reported in some Eastern CEN
tiers. These included an unofficial
10 at Satans Kingdom, Conn. and
of1cial minima of g at High Point.
N. j.; IS at Hartford. Conn, and
9 above at New York City.
pennsylvania thermometers rose
slightly after sinking as far as IL
below. The principal rivers we're
choked by ice jams. Navigation was
halted along the Ohio and ALE.
gheny in the western part of the
State.
Ohio River traffic was tied up at
Louisville, too. The Missouri was
frozen at st. Charles for the first
time since 1896.
Most Of the West and Midwest
enjoyed a rise in temperatures, but
the range was still on the subnormal
side.
A new tabulation of deaths at
trlouted directly and indirectly to
snow, ice and cold in q States in.
creased the total to 141. These in.
cluded 81 from exposure, 80 in traf-
f1c accidents, So in fires and 20
traced to other callses
Evening star., 1940-01-21
Simple State Funeral
Arranged for Borah
In Senate Chamber
President to Leud Nation
In Tribute Tomorrow
To Idaho Veteran

A Nation often divided over the
issues he championed was united to-
day to honor the courage and in
tellectual honesty of the late Will
liam E. Borah, one of the last
statesmen of the old school.
The President and his official
family tomorrow will lead the coun-
try in paying tribute to the 74-year-
old dean of the Senate at a state
funeral in the legislative chamber
which had echoed SO often in the
past SO years to the fiery, moving
oratory of the Lion of Idaho"
The ceremony will be simple. as
the Senator, a man of plain tastes,
who detested the elaborate, might
have wished-a sermon by an old
friend, Chaplain Ze Barney T..
Phillips Of the Senate, a few hymns
and a prayer. The casket. however
(Which is not to be opened, will be
banked with great outpouring Of
floral tributes from all over the
world.
The official party, including high
ranking officials of the Government.
the services and the diplomatic
corps, will be accommodated on the
floor of the Senate chamber, along
with Mr. Borah's colleagues of the
Senate and at least $50 Repre-
sentatives expected from the House
No Funeral Procession.
rT1,oro will bo ro f,,ooro1 ,oroooc
sion to or from the Capitol, and
the body will be accompanied to
Idaho by Congressional delegation
for another service at Boise on
Thursday. The body will lie. in
state Thursday at the Capitol in
Boise and burial will follow that
afternoon, it was said here.
The body will be taken to the
Senate Chamber at $50 am. to-
morrow, with Nthe funeral to begin
at 1890 PM
Senate officers said the galleries
would be open about II am. to
persons bearing ordinary cards of
admission. No special cards have
been issued, and the public will
be admitted on the basis of the
first to arrive.
Simple State Funeral
Attending the ceremony tomorrow
will be members of the cabinet,
the Supreme Court and diplomatic
corps, and ranking officers of the
Army, Navy and Marine Corps. Ten
Senators were appointed at a brief
memorial session of the Senate yes
terday to accompany the body to
Idaho.
Messages Of Sympathy.
While Mr.. Borah's colleagues at
the Capitol made arrangements for
the state funeral, the widow, Mrs
Mary Borah, was receiving nu-
merous callers and hundreds of mes
sages of sympathy at her apart
ment, 2101 Connecticut avenue NV
Friends marveled at the stamina
of Mrs. Borah as she received per-
sonal expressions of sympathy and
read countless kilograms, cable
grams and letters from friends and
admirers all over the world. Many
flowers were sent to the apartment
as well as to the Capitol.
Senator Borah died at 8:45 pm.
(See BORAH, Page A-40
Evening star., 1940-01-21
BY WADE WERNER,
Associated Press Foreign CorrespondeI

Associated Press Foreign Correspondent.
HELSINKI, Jan. 20.-Fleets of
Soviet Russian bombers roared over
Southern Finland today in punish
ing raids extending as far as the
strategic southwestern port of
Turku.
No bombs were dropped on Hell
sinki, although air raid alarms
screamed four times during the day.
but the rumble of explosions carried
into the capital and some of the
invading aircraft were sighted at
great altitude over the outskirts.
Some dozen serious fires were re-
ported to have been started by the
attackers missiles in Turku but
advices were lacking on casualties
there and elsewhere in the bombed
communities.
Evening star., 1940-01-21
None Hurt as Rock
Deruils Truin in West
By the Associated Press

By the Associated Press.
STATE BRIDGE, Colo, Jan. 20.--
All cars Of the Denver & Salt Lake
Railroads No. passenger train
were derailed today, but none Of the
crew or passengers was injured.
All the cars remained upright.
The locomotive Of the Denver-bound
train struck . large rock.
Evening star., 1940-01-21
Dies Says Un-Americon
Foes Plan His Defect
BY the Associat ted Press,

By the Associated Press.
ORANGE, Tex, Jan. 20-Repre-
sentative Martin Dies, Democrat, OF
Texas, said today he was reliably
informed" that un-American organ
izations in New York had formed q
committee to oppose him in his
home district.
Dies, chairman Of q House COM
mittee investigating un-American
activities, added he was checking on
reports one agent already was work.
ing in this district.
Evening star., 1940-01-21
Coal Strike Lockout
Ends in Compromise
~ the Associated Press.

~ the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, Jan. 20.-A COM
promise proposal by Mayor La
Guardia today ended the coal strike
lockout which had virtually para
lysed this shivering city's coal de-
liveries for the last four days.
The end of the dispute came as
New York was gripped in the coldest
spell Of the winter, the mercury
tumbling to 9 degrees above zero
this morning and staying in that
vicinity all day.
Negotiators accepted the proposal
"a 75-cent-a-day increase in coal
truck drivers wages-only after
Mayor La Guardia had obliquely
threatened to lock them in the City
Hall until they reached a settlement.
The settlement was subject to the
formality of union acceptance.
Evening star., 1940-01-21
(Tert OF British note on page A-11.)

Evidence OF an organized trafnc In
contraband by mail to Germany
from Nazi sympathizers in the
United States has been presented to
the American Embassy in London
by the British foreign office, it was
disclosed last night.
The evidence was cited in Great
Britain's reply to protest by this
Government against interference
with American mail. The British
reply, turning down a request to
stop censoring American letters not
normally passing through British
territory, was published in London
last night and simultaneously made
available to American newspapers
by the State Department here.
The London note contended that
British authorities had the right to
examine whatever mail, both letters
and parcel post. they could get their
hands on in order to prevent spy
reports and contraband-such as
money. checks, stocks and bonds,
money orders and other negotiable
Instrumentation reaching Ger
many.
Apart from transmission OF con-
traband, it said the possibility must
be taken into account of the use Of
letters by Germans to transmit
military intelligence. to promote
sabotage and to carry on other hos
tile acts"
Aide Memoire Cited.
In this connection, the British
note referred to an aide memoire
given to a member of the American
Embassy staff last November in
which, it said. "clear evidence was
given of the existence of an organ
lied trafic in contraband on a con-
siderable scale between German
sympathizers in the United States
and in Germany through the mail" +"
An article in a newspaper pub
lished in German in the United
States" the note added, Showed
that an organization. existed in
United States territory for the pur-
pose Of facilitating this trafiic"
There was no comment at the
State Department on this disclosure
Details Of the November aide men,
oire were rot revealed
Ofncials here were disappointed at
the general nature Of the British
reply. which stated that Great Brit
ain was unable to share the views
of the United States Government
that dts action in examining neu-
trail mail in British or neutral ship
ping is contrary to . interna-
tional law"
New Note Is Considered.
The British rejection of the Amer
lean protest brought no comment
last night from the State Depart
ment. 1t was understood, however,
that the department still was study
ing the note and had under consid-
Grafton the question of addressing a
further communication to London
on the subject.
Authoritative quarters had de-
scribed department officials as feel
ing that the contentious in the
British reply were based on an un-
tenable construction of interna-
tional law.
Before the publication of the Brit
ish rejection, Secretary Hull said
here Thursday that Bermuda might
be omitted as a point of call for
transatlantic Clipper planes If the
British persisted in censoring mails
carried by them. Mr.. Hull indicated
this might be considered as a last
resort. His comment followed an
nouncement that all trans s-Atlantic
ISaa NAL nann ~
Evening star., 1940-01-21

HOPKINSVILLE, KY, Jan. 20 llP).
Lack of water failed to daunt
Dudley H. Taylor. managing editor
of the New Era, when subzero
weather froze pipes at his home. He
used milk for shaving and washing
his face.
Evening star., 1940-01-21
'ContrabandMai|
Traffic Charged
In British Note
Evidence Cited in
Reply to U. S. on
Seizure Protest

BACKGROUND
United States protested to Brit
tsh foreign Office against censor
ship OF American mails on Ameri-
can ships on high seas or ,Dhen
neutral ships were forced into
British ports for examination OF
cargo. Scope OF controversy Das
,Oidened Thursday when British
at Bermuda began censoring mail
on transatlantic American Clip
per ship.
Evening star., 1940-01-21

~ the Associated Press.
LONDON, Jan 20.-Europe's fear
ridden neutral nations were urged
tonight by sharp -tongued Winston
Churchill to join Britain and France
in united action" to speed the wal
against Nazi Germany to an end
and warned grimly that otherwise
the flames of conflict would envelor
them.
Asserting that the small states
are the victims upon whom Hitler's
hate and spite descend" the first
lord of the admiralty declared in a
radio broadcast which reached all
the neutrals and was relayed in
the United States:
They (the neutrals) comfort
themselves that the allies will win
Each one hopes that the storm viii
pass before his turn comes to be de-
voured. But I greatly fear that
the storm will not pass. 1t will
rage and it will roar even more
loudly, even more widely. 1t will
spread to the south. It will spread
to the north.
There is no chance of a speedy
end except through united action
="
Voices Allies Confidence.
II at any time France and Britain,
"wearying of the struggle, were to
make shameful peace" Mr.
Churchill added, nothing would
remain for the smaller states of
Europe with their shipping and
possessions but to be divided be-
tween opposite, though similar, bar
barisms of Nazidom and Bolshe-
vism."
Then he asked:
what would happen If all the
neutral nations I have mentioned
and some others I have not men,
toned were to do their duty in ac-
cordance with the Covenant of the
League of Nations and stand with
the French and British against the
aggressor?"
For themselves, Mr.. Churchill
said, the allies were not concerned
over the eventual outcome.
Numbers do not daunt U.S." he
cried, but judged even by the test
OF numbers We have no reason to
doubt that once the latent and rap
Idly growing power of our great ma
ton and empire are brought, as
they must be, fully in line with the
magnificent efforts of the French
Republic, then even in mass and
weight we shall not be found want
ing"
Never before, in any naval war,
Mr.. Churchill declared, have
things gone so well with U.S."
Safety With Conveys.
Mr.. Churchill declared Britain is
"more confident day by day of our
ability to police the seas and oceans
and to keep open and active the
waterways by which we live and
along which we shall draw the
means of victory"
1T seems pretty certain tonight" /"
he said, that half the U-boats
with which Germany began the war
have been sunk and that their new
building has fallen far behind what
we expected"
Bluntly, he told Europe's small
neutral states, however, that only
with the British and French con-
voys is safety to be found" and de-
clared: Neutral ships are being
sunk without mercy"
''The Dutch, the Belgians, the
Danes. the Swedes and above all
the Norwegians have their ships
destroyed whenever they can be
caught upon the high SEAS" he
said.
With the British conveys, on the
other hand, Mr.. Churchill said
there is a 500-to-1 chance against
being sunk"
The Netherlands, Belgium and
other neutrals have refused British
conveys for their shipping.
I'VE must always be expecting
something new or bad from Ger
(see CHURCHILL, Page A-30
Evening star., 1940-01-21
Churchill Calls Upon NeutroIs
To Join Allies in Speeding War,
Warns Of Fate in Hitler Victorv
Spread of Conflict
Seen; Confident
Of Outcome

NAZI PRESS ATTACKS hint Ger
man drive against Switzerland;
double standard of neutrality
charged. Page AS
BIG SHARE OF BLAME for Firr-
ish war on Germany, Halifax
says; Reich has missed chance for
victory, he holds. Page AS
ARMING WILL COST italy $542,-
100000 in next fiscal year; $1,745,-
100000 budget creates deficit Of
nearly 100000, 900. Page A-3
IA SHIPS ARE SUNK in goth week
of warfare at sea; 10 flew neutral
flags; activity of U-boats is re-
sumed. Page AS
LOOSE TALK" OF U. S. entering
war attacked by Maj. Eliot; naval
and air aid to allies held involving
big obstacles. Page AS
Evening star., 1940-01-21
Farmers Forced
To Buy Water as
Wells Freeze
Ey the Associated Press.

NORWALK, Ohio, Jan. 90
Farmers near this Northern Ohio
CITY are paying 7 cents a gallon for
water. Their wells, normally at low
stage because of the sections topog-
raphy, are virtually dry because Of
the frozen ground.
Tank trucks deliver filtered water
supplies from cities 20 and IS miles
away.
Evening star., 1940-01-21

(See BORAH, Page A-4.0
Evening star., 1940-01-21

(See MAIL, Page A-3)
Evening star., 1940-01-21

(See DEMOCRATS, Page A-4.)
Evening star., 1940-01-21

(See WEATHER, Page A-4.)
Evening star., 1940-01-21

(See DEFENSE FUNDS, Pare !
Evening star., 1940-01-21

(See CHURCHILL, Page A-3.)
Evening star., 1940-01-21

(See FEDERATION, Page A-10)
Evening star., 1940-01-21

(See FINLAND, Page AS,
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1940-12-20
CHRISTIAN SCIENCE SERVICES

rs the Universe, Including Man,
Evolved by Atomic Force?" will be
the subject of the Lesson-Sermon in
all Churches of Christ, Scientist, on
Sunday, December %.
The Golden Text will be from
Isaiah 45:18, 'Thus saith the Lord
that created the heavens; God him.
self that formed the earth, and made
it. I am the Lord; there is none
else."
Among the citations comprising
the Lesson-Sermon will be the fol-
lowing from the Bible, Isaiah 1872:
LET Isreal rejoice in him that made
him; let the children of Zion be JOY
full in their King.
The Lesson-Sermon also will in
clude passages from the Christian
Science textbook, Science and
Health with Key to the Scriptures"
by Mary Baker Eddy, among which
is the following. page 4S4, THE
physical universe expresses the con-
scious and unconscious thoughts of
mortals. Physical force and mortal
mind are one."
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1940-12-20
THE FIVE LEADING FIRE
HAZARDS

According to the National Board
of Fire Underwriters, if people
would inform themselves about the
five leading hazards, which are re-
sponsible for the majority of our
fires, the number of fires in this
country could be reduced by a tre-
mendous percentage.
First and foremost of the haz-
ards is oarelessness with matches
and smoking materials.
Heating plants are another pro-
life source of fires--and they consti-
tute hazard which is at it's worst
this time of year. Chimneys and flues
should be checked and cleaned each
year. Flue Innings of fire clay are es-
sential for maxium safety. Sagging
or rusted pipes should be repaired,
and smokepipes should be a safe dis
lance from combustibles. Overhead
ing of stoves and furnaces is always
danger.
Misuse of electricity is still anoth-
er cause of fire. Use standard fuses
of the correct size only, and never
use a coin as substitute. Discon-
meet all heat-producing appliances
when leaving home.
Spontaneous ignition is one more
of fires many allies. 1t isn't as mys-
FERROUS as it sounds. Oily and paint
stained rags or mops are among the
worst offenders, and should always
be kept in tightly closed metal con-
tainers.
A cause of many deaths and SER
ious injuries is home cleaning with
benzine, naptha, gasoline and similar
explosive liquids. Send your cleaning
out--that's both the cheapest and
safest way in the long run.
Here are rules that will prevent
most fires. Preserve them and OBJ
serve them-and the chances will be
long against fires paying a disastrous
visit to your home.