The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-12-31
Draft Breaks Precedent
 Also
BY WILLIAM H. LAWRENCE

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 Washington, Dec. 31-CUP)-The year in Washington began with con- gressional demands for economy, ended with the biggest appropria- tions in peacetime history, and was marked by President Roosevelt's suc- cessful campaign for an unpreceden- ted third term in the midst of a tremendous race to make the Unit ed States capable of defending the western world from totalitarian ag- gression.
 As Congress assembled in January with wars raging in Europe and Asia, legislators systematically pared the national defense budget estimates ot MT. Roosevelt and talked of the need of economy.
 But Germany's invasion of the Low Countries and the fall of France the congressional tune and brought swift approval of army and navy and air corps expansion moves at a cost of $13, JOG, ,227 ,930.
 The first peacetine conscription measure-American muster, 1940-I was enacted in September, and even before election day nearly 17,000000 men from 21 to 36 registered and a national lottery was conducted to call the first thousands of them for a years compulsory military train- ing.
 Roosevelt Campaign Delayed
 The race to rearm, and the con- tinuing crises in foreign affairs, 1 kept MT. Roosevelt close to his desk ill Washington. He delayed his ac- tive campaign until the final month before the Nov. election.
 He made numerous military in- spection trips, which his Republican the political surprise man of the year-Wendell L. Willkie- charged were political, but made only B half dozen admittedly political" speeches in the important eastern states. Willkie travelled from coast to coast, made 500 speeches, visited 34 states in an intensive -51-day 
 But when the votes were count ed, MT. Roosevelt had carried 38 states with 449 electoral votes, and Willkie had won the 82 electoral votes of the 10 remaining states.
 MT. Roosevelt called distinguished ndustrialists and representatives of other groups to sit on national de- fense advisory commission which he with responsibility for con- Structing the huge army, two ocean" navy, and an air corps that nay someday total 50,OOO warplanes.
 Aid Pledged to Allies
 The United States diverted part of it's warplane production to Brit ain and France, and pledged aid to Greece as part of its policy of con- oating aggression. The U. $. traded 50 old destroyerS to Great Britain for eight naval and air bases in British possessions in the Western 
 Unlike the early years of the New Deal, the administration suffered 10 reverses in the Supreme Court. Frank Murphy, former governor of Michigan and former attorney gen. eral, took his seat on the high court sarly in 1940-giving Roosevelt ap- pointees clear majority of the nine-man tribunal.
 Six Cabinet Changes
 The Presidents cabinet was shak- en up in major faShion-with six of the ten members changing during the year.
 Postmaster General James A. Far ley resigned his cabinet post and the chairmanship of the Democratic National Committee, when MT. Roosevelt accepted 8 third term Farley had been a can- didate for the Presidency. ',
 Secretary of War Harry W. Wood ring was asked to resign in June, | and MT. Roosevelt threw a bomb- shell into the Republican conven- ton on the eve of its meeting by putting two Republicans in his ca binet = Henry L. Stimson in the war post, and Col. Frank Knox in the navy chair when Charles Edi- son resigned to run for governor of New Jersey.
 Murphy stepped up to the Su- preme Court and Solicitor General Robert H. Jackson was appointed to succeed him as attorney general.
 Hary L. Hopkins stepped out as secretary of commerce because of ill-health but remained a close presidential adviser. Jesse H. Jones got the commerce job, but kept his post as administrator of the federal lending agency.
 Henry A. Wallace won the Demo- cratic Vice Presidential nomination with New Deal pressure, and Claude Wickard of Indiana was appointed secretary of agriculture succeeding him.
 Deaths during the year included Sen. William B. Borah, veteran Ida ho Republican and isolatlonist; Chairman Key Pittiman of the sen- ate foreign relations committee; Speaker of the House William B. Bankhead: Sen. Ernest L. Lundeen, F.-L. Mlnn.. in an airplane crash near Lovettsville. Va: and Lord Lothian, British ambassador to the FfF44fnH Atataa