davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1939-1949, 1940-06-20
\ Miscellaneous llllll|

PAINTING, paperhanging-C. F
Winkenwerder, jr., Of Yakima will
be in Kennewick this weekend.
Anyone wishing this class OF work,
phone 1888. 12c
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1939-1949, 1940-06-20

Ta eAi&+1935 International i
IN pickup in good condition.
cheap. Phone 270S. Su
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1939-1949, 1940-06-20
Wanted

WANrED-Kitchen helper, Arrow
Grill. l2c
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1939-1949, 1940-06-20

FOR SALE Canning berries at
Star Ranch, n. M. Bell, Riverview,
hxo. Buy now before season Is
past 12tf.
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1939-1949, 1940-06-20
For Sale lIluIull

- AND CAPS-Hats cleaned
BAIs ,;ocked COO; caps cleaned Csc.
aua ..on DYE Works. phone one
eese!s naseo. 32tf
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1939-1949, 1940-06-20

NR aLE-Clean second cutting
alfalfa IN shock Ready about Fri
day 2lst II. p. Hastings, 2 miles s.
l'm. =
Evening star., 1940-05-19

Mrs. Thomas w. Pairo, who lived
in the vicinity of this ford. related
many years afterward how the
French officers had made her par
ents' kitchen their headquarters.
Present Personnel.
The national society, Sons of
the American Revolution, has a
membership OF about $4,000, while
the District society numbers around
600. The present officers of the
local body are: President. DR.. Clifton
P. Clark senior vice president, Dr.
w. Harvey Wise, jr; second vice
president. Wade H. Ellis; third vice
president, c. Leonard Brown; sec.
retary, Benjamin D. Hill, jr.; as
sistant secretary, Mcdonald Mil
Ter: treasurer, Harvey B. Gram. jr.;
registrar, william w. Badgley; as
sistant registrar, Craig L. Red.
dish; historian, DR.. John D. Wolcott;
librarian, John F. Little, and Chap
lain, Rev. Samuel M. Croft.
Some of the past presidents
which the writer recalls, include:
Admiral David D. Porter, Gen
Adolphus w. Greely, Gen. Joseph
C.. Breckenridge, G. Brown Goode
Edward M. Gallaudet, Gen. Thomas
M. Vincent, Noble D. Larmer, DR.
John w. Bayne. John Paul Ernest
William H. Bayly, John H. Moore
William L. Marsh, Thomas H
Anderson, Admiral George w. Baird
William B. Thompson, William v
Case, Gilbert c. Kniffin. Col. Wen
dell c. Bryan. Admiral Colby M
Chester, Philip F. Larner. William
F. Parks, Albert D. Spangler, Josiah
A. Van Orsdel, DR.. Mark F. Finley
Charles Y Latimer, Selden M. Ely
William Knowles Cooper, Col
Alonzo Gray, S. S. Williamson
Robert c. Tracy and Charles Sey-
mour Mcconnell.
OF these Gen. Breckenridge served
as president general, and Judge
Van Orsdel filled this Office twice
Mr.. Tracy is vice president general
and is arranging the program fol
the present congress.
Evening star., 1940-05-19

than 10000 Germans, without
leader. came to America in groups
during that year. settling chiefly
in New York, Pennsylvania and
North Carolina.
The surveyor general of North
Carolina, John Lawson, and others,
considered these foreigners" useful
as buffer against hostile Indians
and the colonial governments of
both the Carolinas and Virginia
attempted to settle the incoming
Germans on their frontiers. AS
late as 1888, according to Col Will
liam Byrd. the Indians were a real
menace in Virginia and one of the
reasons he gave for encouraging a
Swiss colony was the protection it
would afford against the Indians
and the French.
When Baron Won Graffenrieds
party Of AZ German men and women
arrived in North Carolina in ITO
the royal governor proposed to set
tie them above the fails of the Rap
pahannock Ito serve as a barrier to
the inhabitants of that part of the
country against the incursions of the
Indians"
Won Graffenried studied every
thing obtainable on American mines,
agriculture and geography. While
still in Switzerland he began to ne
gotiate with Franz Louis Michel,
who had preceded him to America,
with view to obtaining colony
site in Virginia or North Carolina
This Michel, in 1707, had explored
westward from what now is An
napolis, Md. and left a rather in
accurate map upon which Sugar
Loaf Mountain appeared for the first
time Michel reported the presence
of silver in the mountains beyond
Sugar Loaf and his account fired
the imagination of Won Graffenried
In 1708 Michel was in Bern and
from him Won Graffenried sought
and obtained the information which
led to his dream of colony on the
Potomac as a basis for a mining
camp in the mountains beyond the
then known frontier.
After hard, long labor seeking
colony rights and land, Won Graft
enried left for America in January,
ITO. On May Is, ITO, he and
Michel signed a contract to found
a colony on 1900 acres in North
Carolina and took an option on 100,-
900 acres of additional land.
Baron Won Graffenrled landed on
the Carolina coast September IL,
ITO. He named hE colony New
Bern for his home city and would
unquestionably have selected the
same name for colony on the Po-
tomac according to all indications.
The colony was harassed by
famine and Indians. As result,
Won Graffenried had to choose a
place more on the frontier than he
had hoped, and again the "Pala-
tines" faced the prospect of be-
coming an outpost against the In
dianS.
From the evidence of two ac-
| counts which Won Graffenried left,
Evening star., 1940-05-19


until recently been buried under the dust centuries and has
Evening star., 1940-12-22
Nye SCOTS at Belief
Rearmamenf Is Tagging
B, the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press. -
MIAMI, Fla, Dec. 21-Senator
Nye, Republican, of North Dakooa
tonight scoffed at statements that
the United States rearmament pro-
gram was not progressing fast
enough.
I'VE are producing enough to
meet our own needs as long as we
don't give all we produce I'd other
countries" Senator Nye commented.
He said he would support Senator
Clark, Democrat, Of Missouri In tae
latter's attempt to establish a corn.
mittee TO investigate foreign propa-
ganda and also a proposal to study
cash and other financial holdings
Of foreign powers in the United
States to determine whether Brit
ain needs loans. #
Britain should spend her own
resources before obtaining financial
aid in this country, Senator Nye de-
clared, adding that I'VE ought to be-
sure that every penny we loan them
will be gift, just as it was Is years
ago. Well never get penny back"
Senator Nye and his bride of a
week former Iowa school teacher,
arrived here tonight from New Or
leans for honeymoon at Miami
Beach. They will remain until Jan.
uary l.
Evening star., 1940-12-22
erty within its Jurisdiction, may be
said to be established"

erty within its Jurisdiction, may be
said to be established"
What might be the attitude of
Congress as q whole toward any
recommendation that the Govern
ment be authorized to take over the
foreign ships now tied up in Ameri-
can ports is guess only. Those
who have expressed their views are
inclined to back away from any
such drastic proposal. However,
much will depend upon conditions
when and if such proposal is made,
and the reasons that may be given
for it.
No one today can say with Ger
tainty what may be the needs of the
United States for merchant ship
ping a month or six months from
now. This country is engaged in a
huge program of national prepared
ness. Merchant ships are vital to
bring supplies that may be required
and they might be vital to continue
the trade of this country with other
nations. Already this country has
sold to the British a very consid-
cradle number of merchant ships.
1t may sell more. And it may be-
come necessary for this country to
make use of all shipping facilities
within it's territorial waters, includ-
ing those of foreign registry.
Evening star., 1940-12-22
Ships
Continued From First Page)

pointed out, will be required If the
Government is to be authorized to
requisition any of these ships. Un-
der existing law, the 1886 Merchant
Marine Act, in the event the Presi-
dent declares a national emergency,
ships of foreign flag owned by
American citizens, or American flag
ships owned by American citizens,
may be seized. Provision is made
for proper compensation. This
would have to be supplemented, Civ.
ing authority to seize ships of for
eign ownership.
Authorities on international law
differ about the right of a neutral
nation to seize shipping in its ports,
whether owned by. belligerent ma
'tions OF other neutrals. The legal
aspect of the situation now pre-
sented in this country In regards
to the foreign ships tied up here is
being carefully studied.
Right of Angary" Old.
The right of angary," which
means the right of a belligerent ma
ton to seize and use neutral ship
ping within its territory. has ex-
listed in international law for CEN
turies. It was exercised during the
World War by this country and
Great Britain, when approximately
100000 tons of Dutch shipping
were taken over in 1918. 1t was
carefully set forth when this action
was taken that there was first, a
vital need. and second, that ample
compensation would be made.
The United States, however, is
not a belligerent. It is neutral
nation. However, L. Oppenheim, an
English authority on international
law, in a published book, says: "The
right of angary being a right de-
rived from the law of war, it must
not be confused with the right,
which every state undoubtedly pos
sesses, of seizing in case Of emer-
gency, any foreign property In its
territory. One ought not therefore
to speak of a right Of angary be-
longing to neutrals as well as bel
ligerents, or of q right Of angary in
peace as we'll as in war"
The implication from this para
graph is that this country or any
other country, in case of an emer-
gency could seize foreign shipping
within its territory. without seek
ing at all to apply the right OF
angary. There are authorities, how
ever, who incline to the belief that
the right of angary as such applies
to neutrals as well as to belligerent
nations.
Reich Declared War on Portugal.
A compilation of incidents occur
ring during the World War by
Wyndham Leigh Walker. another
Evening star., 1940-12-22

British authority on international
law, would incline to this latter view.
For example, in November, 1915,
when Italy was still a neutral. that
government requisitioned "a German
merchant vessels within Italian
ports. Germany made no protest
at the time, hoping in all probability
that Italy would join the central
powers in the war. But in February,
1916, when the Portuguese govern
ment took over 70 German vessels
in Portuguese ports-although Por-
tugal was officially a neutral at the
time-Germany declared this action
casus belli, and declared war on
Portugal. "
In May, 1917. Brazil, having re-
voked its proclamation of neutrality,
seized AZ German vessels in its
ports and leased them to the French.
Mention has already been made of
the action of the United States and
Great Britain, taking over the Dutch
ships during the World War.
The Spanish government in Au-
gust, 1918, took over 80 German YES
sells in the ports of that country.
The Spanish government at that
time declared the seizure indispen-
sable for its existence, and appar-
emily regarded the vessels requisi-
toned as substitutes for its own
vessels sunk by German submarines,
with no compensation payable.
Right Said to Be Established.
In view of these Incidents" Mr..
Walker holds, "the right of angary,
the right of state, whether bel
hgerent or neutral, over all prop
Evening star., 1940-12-22
Defense
Continued From First Page.)

an authoritative Foreign Office
spokesman in a warning of grave
consequences which might follow
American acquiescence to the sug-
gestion of Ronald H. Cross. British
minister of shipping, that axis
shipping now in refuge in Ameri-
can ports or tonnage now in our own
service might be turned over to
British commercial uses.
Available to London and Berlin.
Released here shortly before pm,
the statement of the new defense
agency was available to London and
Berlin-with five and six hour time
ifferentials-early enough for late
evening news broadcasts and Sum
day newspapers.
Beyond this initial call to stir
the Nation into greater defense pro-
duction efforts, the four-man agency
contemplates no immediate action
pending issuance by President
Roosevelt of the necessary execu-
tive orders to define and imple-
ment its authority, it was said.
It's formation announced late
Friday by the President after two
days of concentrated consultation
with cabinet and Defense Com
mission advisers, the new office
actually is a creature born out OF
the Government Reorganization Act
and an almost forgotten executive
order of September, 1889.
AS such it supplies another step
In the ever-broadening conception
of the duties, the powers and the
administrative responsibilities OF the
executive branch of the Govern
ment.
Expanded and formalized in the
first two reorganization plans, the
executive Office of the President
at that time was declared to con-
stitute five principal divisions-the
White House Office, the Bureau OF
the Budget, the National Resources
Planning Board, the Liaison Of1ice
for Personnel Management and the
Office of Government Reports-plus
a sixth which might be set up in
event of a national emergency or
threat of such emergency.
For this sixth division, the Presi-
dents executive order Of Septen1-
ber, 1889, left him blank check
to create such Office for emergency
Evening star., 1940-12-22
United States gesture Of sending

United States gesture Of sending
Ambassador william D. Leahy in q
cruiser.
The spokesman recalled Marshal
Petain's message to the closing New
York Worlds Fair:
I'VE remain faithful not only to
your great friendly Republic, but also
to the noble ideals which are our
common heritage"
Paul Baudouin, secretary Of state
for the presidency of the council.
told German correspondents today,
1t was learned, that collaboration"
was not an issue in M. Laval's res
ignation, but that the vice premier
had lost Marshal Petain's confidence
because of his working methods.
Evening star., 1940-12-22
Fire Strikes Heavy Blow
At Boy Scout Troop 80

Fire yesterday afternoon struck
heavy blow at the Boy Scouts of
Troop No. SO.
For weeks the Scouts toiled to
convert garage in the 5000 block
of Georgia avenue NV. into a
suitable headquarters for the troop.
The home was completed only q
few days ago, and in it the Scouts.
had assembled a quantity of gifts
for distribution on Christmas to
needy families. 81
The fire, starting in a pile Of
material in one corner of the build
ing, destroyed the interior of the
structure, the Christmas gifts and
all OF the troops possessions.
LIE Roy SWab is scoutmaster of the
troop, which is associated with
Emory Methodist Church.
Evening star., 1940-12-22
management as the President shall

management as the President shall
determine"
I'm such periods (emergencies), +"
the President said at that time, ut
has always been found necessary to
establish administrative machinery
in addition to that required for the
normal work of the Government.
Set up in time of stress, these
special facilities sometimes have
worked at cross purposes both with
in themselves and with the regular
departments and agencies. In order
that the Nation may not again be
caught unawares, adequate re-
sources for management should be
provided in advance Of such periods
of emergency"
On Friday Mr.. Roosevelt reminded
his hastily called special press con-
ference that there already was on
the statute book this blank check"
with its very broad powers.
Their use, he added, was being
reflected in the creation within the
executive office of the President of
the Office for Production Manage
ment.
The extension of the export con-
troll system by order of President
Roosevelt yesterday took in cobalt,
various plastic moulding and testing
machines, equipment and plans for
producing aviation lubricating Oil,
and bromine. ethylene, ethylele di-
bromide. and methylamine.
The action does not automatically
bar export of these products, but
requires a Government license be-
fore they can be sent from the
country Previously, the licensing
system had been applied to So prod
ucts, including aviation gasoline and
scrap. iron.
.s,:sse s$terdays additions were de-
scribed nfnefally as for the purpose
of perfecting" previous lists.
Bromine is a heavy liquid useful
for poisurwarfare gas Combined
with ethylene. it is used to make
ethylene dibromide, which in turn
is used in making the ethyl fluid
which is an ingredient of aviation
gasolines.
Exports of those chemicals have
been relatively Insignificant, an
official said. One person expressed
the belief that their addition to the
list may have been a precautionary
measure. Japan has been a pur-
chaser of the chemicals.
Thirty-one vessels were included
in the Navy's contracts for auxili-
aries and while the Navy did not
disclose the number or size of the
submarine chasers ordered, the
terms of the announcement indi-
Gated about 80 of the small craft
were involved. Prospective delivery
dates also were withheld.
In connection with the auxiliary
building program, the Navy an
nounced 1t had agreed to pay
$6,600,000 for additional facilities at
five shipyards.
In addition to the four net layers,
the auxiliary vessels ordered in
cluded two mine layers, 13 seaplane
tenders, three destroyer tenders, two
submarine tenders, five submarine
rescue vessels and two repair ships.
The submarine rescue craft are the
first to be built by the Navy spe-
officially for that purpose. Vessels
now doing that work were con-
verted from other types.
Evening star., 1940-12-22
Two Restaurant Men
To Help Feed Military
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press
The Defense Commission added
two experienced restaurant men to
its staff yesterday to advise on prob
lens of feeding the expanding Army
and Navy.
Horace L. Gardner of New York
City and Clyde Davis, Wilkes Barre,
Pa, were appointed to the staff of
George M. Moffett, director of the
food and food products section.
Among other jobs, they will help
select cooks and bakers, and aid the
Quartermaster Corps in the design
and construction of mess facilities
at new camps.
Evening star., 1940-12-22

Tension Appears
Relaxed Between
Reich and France
Silence Is Continued
Over Nozi PorIeys
On Collaboration
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
VICHY, Franch, Dec. 21.-Despite
continued silence about what clear
ly were parleys with Germany over
collaboration, the impression grew
tonight that tension, evident since
the Laval incident. has relaxed.
A communique after a cabinet
meeting made no mention OF
French German relations and no
more meetings were scheduled until
the end Of next week.
Informed circles expressed belief
that the government had taken the
stand that it was ready to continue
the policy Of collaboration with
Germany with no further changes in
the cabinet beyond the replace
ment of Pierre Laval, ousted
foreign minister and vice premier.
No Precipitous Step Expected.
Indications also were that no
precipitous action to upset the
status quo was expected from Ger
many, either through total occupa-
ton of France or a request for per-
mission to send troops through the
unoccupied area.
Fernand de Brinon, French Am
bassador in an-occupied Paris,
was reported by informed sources
today to have told the Germans
that France would not reinstate
Laval, ousted a week ago as vice
premier and foreign minister.
These sources said Brinon acted
on the orders of Chief Of State
Henri Philippe Petain.
There was considerable telephone
activity between Paris and Vichy
this afternoon and informed per-
sons expressed the opinion a meet,
ing between Marshal Petain and
German Foreign Minister Joachim
Won Ribbentrop was under discus
sion.
The presence in Vichy of Gen.
Auguste Nogues, former supreme
commander of the French defense
forces in North Africa, gave rise to
a belief that Marshal Petain will
extend the scope Of present inter-
views with leading French figures to
include the empire, and that Gen.
Maxine Weygand, new chief in
North Africa, may also come to
Vichy for conference.
Council Meets With Flandin.
The Council of Ministers met to-
day at the home of Foreign Min
lister Pierre -Etienne Flandin, who is
ill with influenza, to await German
reaction to Paris developments.
French officials, meanwhile, made
it clear the government would go
more than halfway to strengthen
French American relations. OFF,
cial spokesmen said the French gov
ernment was impressed by the
Evening star., 1940-12-22
Sonifrunks Divorced

ROCKVILLE, Md, Dec. 81 (Spe-
ciaD Circuit Judge Charles w.
Woodward has signed a decree
granting to Mrs. Annie Virginia
Sonifrank of Silver Spring an abso-
lutte divorce from Herbert Sonifrank
of Frederick County, Md, and al
lowing her to resume her maiden
name of Whipp. They were mar
ried at Clarksburg, Md, February
20, 1888, and have no children. De-
sertion was charged.
Evening star., 1940-12-22
Three Foreign Service
Changes Announced
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press
The State Department announced
yesterday these changes, in foreign
service:
A. Dana Hodgdon of Leonardtown,
Nd, second secretary of Embassy
and Consul at Berlin, assigned Con-
sui at Naples, Italy.
Robert l.. Buell. of Rochester, NY.
now serving in the State Department,
designated second secretary of EN-
bassy and Consul at Berlin, and will
serve in dual capacity.
BARLEY P. Gordon of Boston, clerk
at Budapest, Hungary, appointed
foreign service officer, and assigned
to State Department for duty.
Evening star., 1940-12-22


by nations Gncudes naval vessels:
sweden-77
Netherlands5 Denmark4 Iay40 Finand27 Bel
Yugoslavia-8 Lhuana
Poand2 Argentina Egypt Hungary Latva Portugal
Soviet, United States-1 each. Total-1,184.
Evening star., 1940-12-22
Losses in War at Sea
By the Associated Press.


following reported during
Evening star., 1940-08-18
| |Popocotepet
| Provides Ice


MEXICO CITY. Aug. 17.-Mexi-
co City is one Of the few large
cities Of North America that still
uses natural ice. And the reason is
Mount Popocatepetl, an active vol
cano, with a crater rim 1881 feet
above sea level. Popocatepetl, de-
spite it's location in tropical lati-
tude, is perpetually snowclad. With
the aid of this geographical endow-
ment the Mexicans had only to set
up an inexpensive ice plant near
the lower edge of the average snow
line at an altitude OF about $4,000
feet.
Volcanic heat produces a never
failing supply of pure melted snow
water, which is piped with gravity
flow into the ice plant. In the
daytime temperatures at the level
OF the ice plant are usually we'll
above the freezing point. Each day
the ice containers are filled with
water. Soon afteI sundown the tenn
perature drops very suddenly. BY
sunrise each ice container holds a
12-kilo chunk of ice (about 26
pounds.
The metal containers are exposed
to the sun for a few minutes to
loosen the ice. The ice cakes are
then dumped into metal chute and
60 clattering down to a central ice
distributing depot.