davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1940-07-24
Defense Expansion
Forces U. 5. 10 Rent
Private Buildings
Ruil Retirement Bourd
And Social Security
Structures Are Delayed
By NELSON M. SHEPARD

With national defense expansion
only just begun. the Public Build
ings Administration announced to-
day it was forced to take immediate
steps to rent new office space in
several additional privately-owned
buildings In Washington to meet
the demands of various Federal
agencies.
Commissioner w. E. Reynolds re-
ported that the Once Of Planning
and Space Control for the first time
since the emergency is unable to
house all the increased STATS under
Government-owned roofs. For this
reason the ONCE is negotiating the
leasing of more than $4,000 square
net feet of space in four private
buildings. In addition, the defense
program has necessitated the shift
of number of administrative Of
fees to vacated space in buildings
already owned or leased by the
Government.
with any degree Of accuracy the
total amount of additional office
space required in Washington under
the defense expansion, it was ex-
planned the space control Office is
not committed to any definite
policy. For the present at least,
it was said, the situation would be
met as new demands for Office space
are created. More than 1000, ,0C0
net square feet of Office space in
many widely scattered units have
been submitted to the Government,
but it was pointed out tnat much
of this is unsuited for use and costs
of remodeling might make it disad-
vantageous.
Strikes Delayed Two Buildings.
The Social Security and Railroad
Retirement Board buildings in the
Southwest will not be ready for
occupancy until about September
IS, it was said, because of The two
recent strikes on these jobs. When
those buildings are occupied the
Office space situation here will be
much improved. They are reserved
for the War Department during
the emergency.
Commissioner Reynolds reported
that the Government is arranging
to lease the American Dairy Supply
Building at Delaware avenue and
Canal street S.W. for the Alien
Registration ONCE of the Justice
(See BUILDINGS, Page A-3)
Evening star., 1940-07-24
House of Lords Begins
Foreign Policy Debote
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
LONDON, July 24.-Ths House Of
Lords met today in secret session
to debate the Churchill govern
ment's foreign policy.
The House went .into secret ses-
sion on the motion of Dominions
Secretary Viscount Caldecote. over
protests of Baron Addison, Laborite.
whose questions on foreign policy
had brought on debate.
Evening star., 1940-07-24
Sunken ltoIion Cruisers
Commander Succumbs
sy the Associated Press.

b the Associated Press.
ALEXANDRIA, Egypt, July A.
Capt. Umberto Navarro, commander
Of the Italian cruiser Bartolomeo
Colleen sunk last Friday Oh Crete.
died Of wounds today aboard .
British hospital ship. He viii BE-
accorded full naval honors ct .
funeral today.
Evening star., 1940-07-24
10000 Children Moved
From Threatened Areas
By the Associated Press.

0y Tue ASSOClaCtd PfeSS. =
LONDON, July 24.-Health Min
lister Malcolm Macdonald said to-
day 100000 school children had been
removed to rural counties from Lon
don and towns along the northeast
coast in the past six weeks.
Removal from invasion" areas
has reached enormous dimen-
sions," the minister said.
Evening star., 1940-07-24
Mon Killed by Lightning
Special Dispatch to The star

opeC1eA OlSp1tCn 70 4ue ot2l.
MARTINSBURG. w. Va, July "a.
Meredith Whitmoyer.' 40, farm
worker, was instantly killed yester-
day afternoon when struck by light
ming while crossing field at Baxter.
Evening star., 1940-07-24
Guatemala Reported
Opposing Mandate oi
British Honduras
Believed Planning to
Seek Satisfaction of
Claim in Future Change
By the Associated Press.

BY the Associated PreSS.
HAVANA, July 24.-Guatemala
was understood today to be prepar-
ing an amendment to eliminate
British Honduras from the joint
trusteeship for European possess
sions in this hemisphere which has
been proposed to the n-American
Conference by the United States.
Guatemala long as had claim
against Britain for British Hondura.
and was understood to be preparing
to insist that her claims be hon.
ored In any future change In the
colony's sovereignty.
The United States plan called for
return to the original governing
power, or q grant Of independence
to any possession taken over under
the joint trusteeship of the Americas
as result of changes Of sovereignty
threatened by the European war.
Commission Gets U. S. Plan.
The Commission for Peace Main
tenance received the United States
plan today and appointed a sub
committee composed of Secretary of
State Cordell Hull, Mauricio Nabuco,
Brazil's delegate, and Narciso Garay,
Panama's Foreign Minister, to draft
final measure for convention
action.
Secretary of State Hull discussed
the proposal with various delega-
tions.
It was understood the Cuban
delegation had a plan to present to
the Economic Committee which
would call for the refunding and
unification of all her debts In the
United States. These amount to
about $500 ,0O0, 900.
Other problems were to be dis
cussed before the Neutrality Com
mittee by the delegates in secret
session.
They planned to conclude the
conference July 80, unless some
emergency arises. Rio de Janeiro
was considered a certain choice for
their next meeting.
American proposal.
The American proposal is to set up
collective trusteeship" over West
ern Hemisphere colonies of Euro
pean nations in the event of any
attempt by another non-American
state to acquire them.
The first draft of this resolution
provide such a joint mandate would
be shared in only by ratifying repvb-
lies and would operate when any ma
ton saw its security threatened.
A committee including one repre-
sentative from each ratifying nation
would exercise the trusteeship, but
would vest authority in q commits
sion including one member from
each Of three countries selected on
geographic. economic and strategic
considerations.
The General Committee would de-
termine whatever military aid or
naval assistance was needed.
The draft made clear that only
temporary control was contemplated,
with eventual return Of the colonies
to the original sovereigns or ulti-
mate independence.
Evening star., 1940-07-24

Foreign
60 planes in furious battle over
Thames convoy. Page Al
German plane loss in war near SOON
British claim. Page Al
Largest British oil company in Ru-
mania confiscated. Page Al
Daladier confined for war respon-
sibility probe. Page Al
Otto Strasser and Grynszpan report
ed taken by Germans. Page Al
Rome defenses in action to ward OF
raid. Page AS
Notionol.
Conscription bill amendment to pro-
tect jobs outlined. Page Al
Roosevelt assault on boilers indicates
fighting campaign. Page AS
Woman's hatred Of drugs leads to
smashing Of ring. Page AS
Washington and Vicinity
Hearing set Tuesday on D. g. vote
resolution. PaSe Al
Injunction continued In milk mar
kettng case. Page B.1
Evening star., 1940-07-24
Summary Of Todoy's Star

Cohen tract rezoning to r,
B" urged by board. !
Montgomery authorizes
voting machines. ]
Evening star., 1940-07-24

(See DEFENSE, Page A-4J
Evening star., 1940-07-24

(See HORNER, Page A-5J
Evening star., 1940-07-24

(See BERLIN, Page A-3)
Evening star., 1940-07-24

(See PLANES, Page "A
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1940-06-08

Alexander at the mouth of the Rose
bud In 1912.
In 1874 Malcolm Clark, well known
In fur trade annals, was In charge OF
Fort Lewis. CLARK was succeeded for
few months in 1S46 by Charles Lar
penteur, whose biography, ~F'orty Years
Fur Trader on the Upper Missouri, :"
Is an interesting document of the time.
In 1884 Malcolm Clark settled on q
ranch in the Prickly Pear valley with
his Piegan wife and family. Here he
was slain by Indians In 1869, during
an outbreak of a Piegan band.
In 1846 a new trading post was es-
tablished by Culbertson where the
town of Fort Benton now stands. 1t
was named for Thomas H. Benton,
United States senator from Missouri,
who had been the American Fur Co.'S
friend at court"
In 1854 Andrew Dawson, a Scotch
man, was placed IN charge of Fort
Benton by CulbertSon. In 1852 the COM
pany established post on the north
bank Of the Missouri, Is miles above
the mouth of the MulSselshell II was
named Fort Andrew, for Dawson. In
1863 Fort Andrew was abandoned and
a new post founded Is miles above the
mouth of Milk river. This was Fort
Gilptn.
In 1912 Angus Mcdonald, early Hud-
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1940-06-08

the Columbia to the F1athead country
was Ross Cox, member Of party that
went from New York to Astoria aboard
the Beaver In 1911. Cox wrote an ac-
count of his adventures In the fur
trade, and these also form an impor-
tant contribution TO the sources Of
Montana history.
ceSSively in the employ of the Pacific,
] Northwest and Hudson's Bay com
panies, was a member of the Tonq1tn
party He later joined the Northwest
ers and was placed In command Of q
/ large body Of trapperS, many of whom
were Iroquois Indians imported from
Canada. From 1923 to 1925 he led his
motley band of Canadians, half
breeds, IroQuoiS and even Sandwich
CHawaiian) islanders, who had come to
Astoria aboard the Tonquin and the
Beaver over what are now Montana,
Idaho and Washington. They crossed
and recroSSed the trail of Lewis and
Clark, thoroughly exploring the head
waters Of the Columbia.
In the spring of 1924, Ross party
Travelled through Hell Gate canyon,
through the Deer Lodge valley to the
source of the Clark's Fork near the
present site Of Butte, then crossed the
main range of the Rockies to the head
waters Of the Missouri. On this journey,
Ross party preceded the goldseekers
by 40 years over terrain that was to
become the most populous in the
northern Rocky mountain region.
After retiring from the fur trade,
Ross became one of the earliest and
most prominent citizens Of the present
city Of Winnipeg, and author Of three
books narrating his early adventures. !
Rocky Mountain Fur Co.
In 1921 the Rocky Mountain Fur Co. !
was formed in st. Louis by Gen. VIII /
liam n. Ashley, Virginian, and An /
drew Henry, fearless trapper and trad |
er whose efforts to found a post at |
Three Forks in 1910 had ended in |
tragedy; With them were associated
Jerediah S. Smith { New Yorker, |
william L. and Milton G. Sublette'
Solomon P. Andrew "a Kentuckian),
David F. Jackson, James Bridger "a |
and Thomas Fitzpatrick,
and Robert Campbell Qrishmen).
The first expeditions of the Rocky
company up the Missouri
were routed by the ASsinniboines. In
1922 Henry pushed as far as Great
falls, but was routed by the Black
feet. In 1923 he built post at the
mouth Of the Big Horn, but a band
Of hostiles killed several trappers and
stole the horses, In 1924 Ashley and
Smith explored the Big Horn country,
and a group of men detailed by Ash
ley and including Jim Bridger, were
first to explore the Big Horn canyon.
Chittenden estimated that during the
IL years of its career the Rocky Noun
tain Fur Co. shipped to st. Louis 900 I
packs Of beaver worth $500 pack The
losses in goods and furs and horses
stolen he estimated at $100,0O0-the /
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1940-06-08

/ human loss at 100 lives.
! The great achievements Of the
Rocky Mountain men, as OF those Of
/ David Thompson, we're geographical
rather than financial SO well had they
/ explored the new country that when
the United States government under
took to explore the far west, its en-
gineers enlisted the services Of such
men as Jim Bridger, whose exploits
have been honored in Montana by
naming range Of mountains, a can
yon and town for him.
American Fur Co.
Activities of the American Fur Co.
, form the historical background Of
northern Montana. This company was
organized in 1903, John Jacob Astor
being for many years the only stock
holder; but In 1922 ST. Louis branch
was formed and Pierre Chouteau, Bar
nard Pratt and others were associated
as partners. Old AStorians Of the III
fated Pacific Fur Co., were enlisted,
and several former agents Of Canadian
companies, including Kenneth McKen-
zie, Etienne Provost and Henry Van
derbIngh. Merger of the Northwest
company with the Hudson's Bay Co.,
had *arown some 900 clerks, traders and
trappers out Of employment; and these,
mostly Scotchmen, we're glad to Join
the new company.
In 1927 Kenneth Mckenzie came into
its service and was given charge Of its
interests on the upper Missouri. About
1923 he built Fort Union IA miles south
east of the present town of Bainville.
Mckenzie is declared by Chittenden
to have been the ableSt fur trader the
American Fur Co. ever had In its
employ. He made Fort Union the CEN
ter OF large and successful operations.
To get a foothold in the Blackfeet
country, in 1882 Mckenzie enlisted the
aid Of a wandering trapper named
Berger, and established at the mouth
Of the Marias Fort Piegan-later Fort
Mckenzie and Fort Benton.
Fort CaSS was established at the
mouth of the Big Horn in 1882 to Sc
cure the trade with the Crows, but was
In 1885.
With Capt. 3. Young as master, the |
steamboat Yellowstone reached Fort !
Union In 1892, with Pierre Chouteau |
Jr., aboard.
George Catlin. famous painter Of
early day Indian life, visited Fort |
Union IN 1882.
Prince Macmillan of Wied- Neuwied,
whose journals of travel In the Rocky |
Mountains are among the most valu- |
able OF early day records, visited Fort |
Union and later Fort Mckenzie in |
1888. With him was Bodmer, a young /
Swiss artist, who illustrated Maxi
nflian's travels.
In 1882 Alexander Culbertson arrived |
1t Fort Union, and In 1889 he succeeded |
Mckenzie as factor. For so years Cul-
,ertson was the chief figure In upper
Missouri river affairs. He established
Fort Lewis, five miles above the pres
mt town OF Fort Benton, and Fort
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1940-06-08

sons Bay Co. trader, established a
trading post seven miles southeast OF
Mcdonald moved his post TO Post creek,
and the F1athead country, heart Of
the fur trade on the western slope, was
last TO pass from the picture In Non
tana as a fur producer. Angus Nc
Dona1d's son, Duncan, died only few
years ago at his ranch home west Of
F1athead lake
BY 1910 nearly all profit had van
tshed for the independent trader. BY
1850 the beaver dams we're almost ex-
hausted. and even the less important
furs were hard to get.
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1940-06-08
WOmen's Relief Corps
HOnOrs One of States
Last TIUO q. A. II. Men

Mai. John Edwards Of Bozeman, one
of Montana's only two surviving
vention Of the Womens Relief corps
of Montana at Hamilton recently.
Other special guests included Mrs
Elsie Carroll of Lisbon, NJ D., national
president, and Mrs Ben Zieseneer,
past department president Of Alaska
and Washington, who came from
Olympia, Wash.
About 100 women, from Hamilton,
Missoula, KalispelI, Great Falls, Butte,
Livingston and Bozeman, attended the
convention.
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1940-06-08
AN ORDINARY MAN

AN ORDINARY MAN
Small Daughter: There was q
strange man who called to see you to-
day"
Father: did he have a biIl?"
Daughter: mo, papa, he Just had
plain ordinary nose. 20 lis t1aA
Science Monitor.
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-11-08
Southeastern Men Are
Serving In u. S. Army

rive Southeastern North Caro-
eno men are among the 26 recent
rrad,1ates of N. C. State college
Who have gone on active military
dr+v after receiving their COM
a,issions as Reserve Officers fol-
,oving outstanding work in t e
sollnoe's ROTC regiment.
They are: w. S. Higgins, of
whjteville; R. B. Hurley, of Chad
ho,,rn. B. B. Reynolds, of Will
,,inoton; C. B. Sinner, of Kinston;
end ]. H. Holcombe. of Fayette-
vile.
The young officers went to the
Infantry school at Fort Benning,
Ca. for specialized training be-
fore being assigned to various in
fantry units throughout the United
states. Reynolds is with the 29th
infantry at Fl. Benning, Higgins
i with the 9Th infantry, Sinner
with the Gath anti-tank battalion,
Hurley with the 18th infantry at
Fort Jackson, S. c., and Holcombe
with the 18th infantry at Fort Jack
son. .
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-11-08
Wide Variety Of Wooden
Goods Almost Impossible
To Obtain In Country

NEW YORK, Nov. 7-R- Be-
cause of the huge demand for
clothing and blankets for the army
and navy spot and nearby deliver
les on a wide variety of wooden
fabrics r almost impossible to
obtain, the New York wool top
exchange service reported today.
Contracts on large quantities of
cloth for the army, said the serv-
ice, have tied up production of
many plants for several months
ahead.
Concerning the wholesale price
situation the service said that
Judging from latest contracts the
market was up an average of IS
cents a yard on cloths made of
wool similar to those used in de-
Tense orders.
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-11-08
BROWNS SENTENCE
UPHELD BY COURT
N. C. Tribunal Grants New
Trial To Stewart Chambers.
Facing Death Sentence

RALEIGH, Nov. T. Up The
North Carolina supreme court today
upheld the conviction of Azor Brown,
who was sentenced to death for first
degree murder, but granted a new
trial to Stewart Chambers, who was
sentenced to death for first degree
burglary. Both men are negroes.
Unless Governor Hoey intervenes,
Brown will be asphyxiated at Central
prison November %. State law fixes
death dates on the third Friday
after an appeal is denied.
Brown was convicted in Catawba
county last July of shooting his wife,
Bertha. Associate Justice Heriot
Clarkson, who wrote the opinion,
said the cas- was tried in accordance
with law, ard the charge of the pre-
siding judge was fair.
A Lenoir county superior court
jury found Chambers guilty of en-
tering the home of j. L. Whaley
while Mrs. Whaley and her children
were asleep. But Associate Justice
J. Wallace Winborne said a new trial
was warranted because of an ommis-
sion in the charge of the presiding
judge.
The judge failed to inform the
jury, Winborne said, that a verdict
of non burglarious breaking and
entering could be returned. Such
a verdict would have carried a penal
ty of Imprisonment, instead of death
The principal difference between
first degree burglary and mon bur
g~larious breaking and entering" is
that the former implies the forcing
of an entrance. While the latter i'm
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-11-08
War Interpretive
Continued From Page One)

exposed to attack from the sea.
1t is aimed down the Ionian coast
OF Greece from the Kalamas river
jump-off.
Protection of that open sea flank
from British assaults must nee
essarlly be a task assigned to the
Italian navy as well as to Fascist
air units. That suggests that the
stage is being set in the Ionian
sea, between the boot of Italy and
the Greek coast, for a British
Italian naval clash. British lead
ers, from Prime Minister Churchill
down, have frequently challenged
their Italian foe to just such a
contest.
Churchill recently lamented to
parliament that Irish neutrality
prevented British naval vessels
from using Irish bases in the fight
against NaZi submarines operat-
ing near the British Isles. The
Italian attack on Greece has pro-
vided the British navy in the east
ern Mediterranean with sites for
just such bases-sites closer to It.
ally than any previously available,
except Malta.
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-11-08

plies entering through a open win
dow or door.
Evidence at Chambers trial at
tempted to show that he tried to
rape Mrs. Whaley, but was frighten-
ed away by a passing automobile.
There was also evidence that a win
dow in Mrs. Whaley's room was
open.
Though the crime charged be
%atrocious, the life and liberty of the
prisoner is at stake" Winborne
wrote, and he is entitled to have
the different views presented to the
jury under a proper charge"
A list of opinions hanCed down to-
day by he court follows:
hurry VS.. Railroad Co., Beaufort, af-
firmed.
In re: Will Of Caleb Harris, Pasquo-
tank, order for new trial vacated. No
error.
In re: Leander Smith, Wilson, af-
firmed..
Highway VS.. Hartley, Wilkes, new
trial.
Watson VS.. R. R. Co., Wayne, re-
versed.
State VS.. Brown, Catawba, no error.
Bowen VS.. Newborn, Pitt, reversed.
Arnold VS.. State Bank & Trust Co.,
Pitt, no error.
State VS.. Chambers, Lenoir, new trial.
Miller, Admrx., VS.. Motor Freight
Corp, Rowan, affirmed.
Hobbs, VS.. Hobbs, Sampson, appeal
in first action-dismissed. Appeal in
second Aforementioned.
State KS. Cannon, Wake, reversed on
second count. Venire de novo on third
count.
State VS.. Barnett, Franklin, affirmed.
Summerell VS.. Nitrate Sales Corp,
Wake, reversed.
Thomas VS.. Gas Co., ct al, Wake, af-
firmed.
Robertson, executor, ct al, VS.. Robert
son, ct ais, Wake, reversed.
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-11-08
CAN'T EXPLAIN

NEW YORK, Nov. 7-R-Leon
S. Moisseiff, consulting engineer
and designer of the Tacoma,
Wash Narrows bridge which fell
into Puget sound today, said to-
night I'm completely at a loss to
explain the collapse"
IT have no explanation, none at
ALL" he said. I'm unable to under
stand how it could have happen
ed"
In designing the bridge, Mois-
self said he and associates had
followed general scientific rules
and that their combined results
were checked Thoroughly" by
state engineers in Washington. 3
WASHINGTON, Nov. 7.-R-
John W. Carmody, federal works
administrator, tonight ordered P.
W. A.. Investigators to inquire into
the cause of the Tacoma, WASH,
suspension bridge collapse.
It is estimated that during Sep
emher 110 143 000 new DaSSen-
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-11-08
36-DECREE Low
EXPECTED TODAY
uoather Bureau Officials
Forecast Light Frost For
Wilmington Section

nrooping below the normal mark
yesterday, the mercury is scheduled lie
sor 70 A low of Sc degrees in Will
u and vicinity early this
n%ornins. esz
,;obt frost for this section this
Yesterdays temperatures ranged
a high of 81 to a low of 40
aagrees. while the NEAR was eight
bsiov the 5s-degree normal.
roday will be fair and slightly
.,,,,or weather bureau officials
said. Moderate northerly winds will
,rpdomin9te.
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-11-08

came very close to victory in the
presidential election and that its
defeat represented only a tenn
porary setback in a great crus-
ade."
1T is our purpose" he said in
a statement" to take full advan-
tage of the new and progressive
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-11-08
Former British Bank
Clerk Bags 3 Planes

LONDON. Nov. 7-CR-The air
ministry news service said tonight
that two fighters and one bomber
we're shot down in the Thames
Estuary today by a former Man.
chester bank clerk in a British
fohting plane.
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-11-08

leadership and support that has
come to us in this campaign.
I'VE are for national unity.
I'VE are for a strong defense.
I'VE shall support the President
when not in conflict with the grea,
principles for which we fought in
this crusade"
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-11-08
MARY poland HURT

SAN BERNARDINO, Cal, Nov.
1-N9-Injured in an automobile
accident, Mary Boland, 6O-year-old
character actress, was reported
as Uncomfortable but not serious
~ ln' at the Redlands Community
hospital today.
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-11-08

It is estimated that during Sep
tember, 40, 143, 600 new passen-
ger cars were registered.
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-11-08
FARMER KILLED

RUTHERFORDTON, Nov. 7-R
Charles Beam, 81, a farmer, was
killed today in an automobile col
lsion four miles south of here.
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-11-08
Martin Says COP Defeat
Only Temporary Setback

WASHINGTON, Nov. = Up -
Chairman Joseph w. Martin, Jr.,
of the republican national commit
tee, today declared that his party
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-11-08

Puerto Rico bought 1858, 900, 900
pounds of rice from U. S. growers
last year, about one-sixth of all the
rice produced in this country.