davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1940-08-03
Potomac Area Set Up
For NaW's Use in
Testing 1orpedoes
Shipping Warned Awcy
From Piney Point and
Point Lookout Section

Creation Of torpedo testing range
IN the Potomac River between Piney
Point and Point Lookout was an
nounced today by the Navy Depart
ment as shipping was warned away
from the danger area during speci-
fled hours.
The range is about l3 miles long
and varies from l to miles In
width. Between 7 am. and 4 pm.
on all days except Sunday and legal
holidays all boats must keep out of
the zone and ply a narrow, and in
some spots shallow, channel close to
the Virginia shore.
Anchorage Prohibited.
1t was explained the rules do not
prohibit the use of waters in the
danger area for fish traps or the
passage of fishing vessels TO the
traps, providing permits have been
obtained from the War Department.
The regulations. which were set
by the War Department and trans
mitted by the Navy photographic
Ofice. further forbid the anchor
age of vessels in the area or the
passage of vessels at a speed of
greater than 10 knots when going
past the torpedo barge, within 1000
yards.
Signals TO Be Flown.
During periods when the range
is in operation" the order continues,
ANY vessels in danger or any yes
sells interfering with operations will
be met by representatives of the
oficer in charge, suitably warned
and given necessary instructions
and orders relative to navigating the
zone. The torpedo testing barge
will fly international B. at q yard
arm when testing operations are in
progress. Government vessels, sea-
planes or other craft patrolling the
zone will fly or expose a red flag"
The commandant of the Navy
Yard here is given full authority
for the carrying out of the regula-
tons.
Evening star., 1940-08-03
Defense
Continued From First Page J

programs status, declaring that al
though $50 600 900 in contracts had
been cleared by the commission for
planes, many had not yet been form
ally signed.
However, several firms have pro-
ceeded with technical problems for
expansion. The North American
Aviation Corp. has been building
and storing training planes without
orders. Although Mr.. Horton made
no mention of it, aviation experts
pointed out today that this pro-
cedure would enable the company
to escape the per cent profit limi-
tation imposed by the Vinson- Tram
NELL Act.
The profits limitation was one
cause for refusal by some manufac-
turers to accept contracts. A new
excess profits tax, which also will
permit a five-year amortiza ton of
expansion costs, is being rushed
through Congress.
Contracts Total SI,722,200 ,0o0.-
Mr.. Horton added that the 81
300 600 900 defense bill pending IN
Congress would provide $4,000 planes
by July l, 1942-about $1,000 for the
Army and 1000 for the Navy. The
Army is far behind in its quota of
deliveries from previous programs,
although the Navy has far more
plans than are capable of being
used from carriers.
These other defense activities we're
reported:
The Defense Commission an
nounced it had cleared contracts
totalling $72 zoe, 600 for the Army
and Navy in the week of July 18 TO
July ~, increasing the total to ST.
722 zoo 900 since June 6.
The largest single item in the new
contracts was one for $40 ,357 900
which was given to the Picatinny
Arsenal for ammunition.
The War Department announced
contracts had been awarded total
ing $7,859, 1852, largest of which was
an award of $2,455 $50 to the Colts
Patent Firearms Manufacturing Co.
OF Hartford, Conn. 1t was believed
this sum will be spent largely for
37-millimeter cannons for warplanes.
T. v. A. Starts Expansion.
The Tennessee Valley Authority
reported work already had begun
under the $25, 5,000, 900 appropriation
signed this week by President
Roosevelt which will permit power
expansion for airplane aluminium
production. About 5000 men will
be used at the building peak.
Sidney Hillman, labor member OF
the National Defense Commission,
set up a four-man communicative
A. F. of L. and two c. I. o. men,
bers-to try to keep the peace
between the rival labor organiza-
tions in defense industries.
The action, Endorsed by the full
A. F. of Lie. I. o. Labor Policy
Committee which advises Mr.. Hill
man on labor problems, is aimed
particularly at preventing inter-
union raiding and cross-picketing
where such activities might inter-
rupt production of defense materials.
The four members-Harvey Brown
and George Q. Lynch of the A. F.
of L. and Van A. Bittner and Emil
Rieve of the c. I. O.-will have no
police powers, but will attempt by
persuasion and negotiation to keep
the two sides from treadinS on
each others domain.
Evening star., 1940-08-03
Takoma Park Bandits
Squeeze Contractor,
Take S1,264 in Cash
Three Men Robbed
By Strone-Arm Men
In Washington

Montgomery County police today
had neither description nor clues
to the identity of two men reported
to have held up and robbed Milton
A. Cramer, 80, a brick contractor
of a pay roll and his own funds,
totaling $l.264, yesterday.
In the District. bandits employ
ing strong-arm methods, robbed
three men on Washington streets
last night. while a pickpocket vic
timized a youth sleeping on a bus
terminal bench.
Squeezed by Bandits.
Mr.. Cramer was found lying near
the entrance to his office in the
basement of his home at 1910
Flower avenue, Takoma Park, Md,
by Paul Taltamus of 1000 Flower
avenue yesterday afternoon. He
told police two men, one of them
wearing a straw hat, stuck what
he believed was pistol in his ribs,
grabbed him around the chest and
squeezed him into unconsciousness.
They had gone when he. was dis
covered, and the pay roll and his
own money were missing.
He was unable to give Sergt. Earl
Burdine or Corpl. George Windham
and Policeman Alton Harding a
description of his assailants, ex-
planning the men approached him
from behind.
Charles A. Monroe of 626 Sixth
street NE. told police three COL
ored men assaulted him at his car
parked on Madison court NV. and
escaped with his wallet contain
ing s44.
Three men who asked directions
of James E. Garry, jr, of Roanoke,
Va, near Fourth and East Capitol
streets last night, suddenly set upon
their informant, robbing him of
IS and small amount of change.
Mr.. Garry received minor head
bruises.
Forced into an areaway in the
800 block of L street NV. by a COL
ored man who threatened him with
a razor. Tony Lapinski of Newark.
NJ j.. was robbed of $14, he told
police.
Robbed While Doing.
John Matras, 81, of Norfolk. Va,
reported $34 was taken from his
billfold while he dozed on a bench
in bus terminal at Twelfth street
and New York avenue NV. last
night. The youth told police he
suspects tall, thin man who en-
gagged him in conversation short
time before he dropped off to sleep.
The wallet was replaced in his shirt
pocket after the money had been
removed, the victim said
A purse containing 50 and per-
sonal effects was cut from her arm
by two colored men near Seventh
and L streets NV, Elizabeth Will
liams of AS H street NV. reported
last night.
A masked colored bandit who
cut his way through a screen door
robbed Millard F. Lynch Of ap-
proximately So in the living room
of his home at 1928 Ashmead place
NV. yesterday afternoon, locked
him in the bathroom and ransacked
the house. The man escaped with
a small amount Of loot.
Evening star., 1940-08-03

Industrialists Hope
For Early Solution
OF Tax 'BoHIeneck'
Amortization of Defense
Plant Expense Over
Five Years Explained
BY the Associated Press.

Ey tne Associated Press.
NEW YORK, Aug. 3.-Prospect of
early ending of the worst bottleneck
in the defense program" was seen by
some leading industrialists today in
President Roosevelts statement that
Chairman Harrison Of the Senate
Finance Committee hoped to get
final action on new tax legislation
within a month.
These industrialists said the most
difncult obstacle to undertaking
arms business, most of which re-
quires new plant and equipment.
had been lack of Federal ptax pro-
visions to permit charging of the
cost of a new plant from earnings
during the period in which it might
reasonably be expected to be used
Alternative to Build Plants.
Industrial leaders said it was not
essentially problem Of profits, 4"
but of assuring continuity of peace
time business enterprises which un-
dertake arms work, once the emer-
gency is over.
The alternative, as these business
leaders explain it, is for the Gov
ernment to build and pay for arms
plants and perhaps lease the plants
to business concerns. This pro-
cedure. they say, would be more
complicated and would not fully
avail the Nation of the forces of
American private enterprise.
The problem has been the source
of many conferences in Washington
of late and administration sources
have proposed that cost of plant be
amortized-that is, deducted from
taxable earnlngS-over q period of
five years. Business leaders say
this would be acceptable but that
Congress has yet to act and ;ndica-
tions are it will take time.
Planning Held Up.
In the meantime, they say they
are unable to make plans. To ex-
plain the problem, q top executive
OF one big industrial concern sug-
gested the following hypothetical
case of the course of a Government
order:
"ABC Co." receives a call from the
Government for $4,000 of naval
gun castings, which it does not nor
mally produce.
To cast this order, it must install
Sl.0O0O00 of special equipment even
before work starts. Material. labor
and general overhead cost is So, ,600,-
600. The total cost, before taxes, is
$4,000 900, leaving profit" of
$4,000 After a 20 per cent normal
tax on corporations, the apparent
profit would be $500 900.
Somewhere. along the line this
81 900, 900 must come back into the
cash register, If the "ABC Co." is
to make its 100000 of profit, -
which is per cent on the value Of
the order. and, allowing for normal
manufacturing risks and taxes to be
paid. not out of line with standard
practice
According to Treasury rulings at
present, varying amounts of new
plant cost can be added to the ex-
pense Of doing business each year
when calculating what is due for
taxes. This amount is based on the
estimated useful life of the new
plant. In the case of "heavy" plant
construction such expectancy, may
be 20 years and cause business to
charge l/20 of the cost of plant
each year for two decades to its
operating expenses.
Evening star., 1940-08-03

ing In the Phil.
ippine Insurrec-
ton as a field
commander and
also on the gen.
ersl staff at Gen.
Pershing S head
quarters during
the World War.
He has been in
command OF the
Hawaiian De-
partment since
March II, 1898.
G e n. V a n
Voorhis was as
signed to COM
-al 49,
Evening star., 1940-08-03

mdnu Ll1e Fan
anna Canal Department in jan
uary of this year. He entered the
Army as a corporal in a Pennsyl-
vania volunteer company during the
Spanish American War, later serv-
ing as a Cavalry lieutenant in the
Philippine Insurrection. During the
World War he was in charge of the
port of embarkation at Brest.
France.
Both officers received decorations
for their World War service,
Evening star., 1940-08-03

weather Conditions Last ~ Hours.
A wave disturbance of slight intensity
fs central about 200 miles east-southeast
OF Jacksonville. Fla, with lowest pressure
ABOUT 1Ol3.2 millibars t2a 90 inches). The
western disturbance is moving slowly east
ward as trough of low pressure extend
ing from Eastern South Dakota. Huron.
1O13.5 millibars t29a3 inches). south
southwestward to extreme Western Texas.
Fl Paso 1012.5 millibars 1890 inches).
A h1gh-pressure area is moving eastward
over the North Atlantic States. Providence,
r. l., 1921 millibars 5000 inches), with
wedge extending southwestward to Ala
bama. Pressure continues relatively high
over the Gulf OF Mexico and Is high over
western South Dakota, Rapid City. S.
OAK: l021 @ .millibars t3015 inches). and
on the washington coast Tatoosh Island,
1929 4 millibars (3O.25 inches). During
the last "a hours showers have occurred
IN the middle and southern Rocky Noun
tain region. the upper Lake region, the
upper Mississippi Valley, Florida and in
portions of the Gulf and Plains States
temperatures have risen, slightly. in the
Lake region. while they have fallen over
the Northern Plains States
Weekly Outlook.
North and Middle Atlantic States: Local
showers at beginninR of week and again
week
Ohio Valley and Tennessee: Scattered
local thundersshowers early part OF week
over Kentucky and Tennessee. local thun-
dersho~ers Thursday and Friday Sea-
sonally warm during week.
RAD0ft for Last ~ H0ups
Evening star., 1940-08-03

Slldl iCS l.. aSI
ron of the Ha-
waiian Depart
ment and Daniel
Van Voorhis of
the Panama Ca
nal Department
to the rank of
lieutenant gen
eral.
Their promo
tlons, followed
signing of q bill
Wednesday by
President Roose-
welt, providing
the higher rank
for the two off,
Evening star., 1940-08-03
Heron and Van Voorhis
Promoted by Army

Because of the strategic impor-
tance of their commands, the War
Department announced late yester.
day the promotions of Maj. Gems
Evening star., 1940-08-03
Weather Report
FURNISHED By the United

District of Coumbia-Fa tonight tomorrow CON-
siderable coudin slightly gentle tonight shifting
to southeast Sunday.
Maryland and Vgna-Far,
considerable cloudines, slightly interior
west VTginiaFair slightly
tomorrow fair slowly rising
Evening star., 1940-08-03

GERS during their present assign
ments.
Gen. Heron was graduated from
the Military Academy in 1899, serv-
Evening star., 1940-08-03

DIES IN BRTTAIN-Richard
J. Ely, 26, former Washington
resident and ex-football play
er at the University of Vir-
ginia, died somewhere in the
British Isles" July IL after an
abdominal operation, while
with the Royal Canadian En-
gineers, relatives in Phila-
delphia were informed yester-
day. Mr.. Ely Joined the Cana
dian forces in May and sailed
for the war zone in June.
"A. P. Photo.
Evening star., 1940-08-03

NEW YORK-CAN JUDGE MAKE DEFENDANT SHAVE?-
Harry Pittsburgh Ph Strauss gh this set Of whiskers
while awaiting trial the charge he trggerman for
Murder Inc Prosecution wants him to shave since witnesses
will be called upon attempt identify him the slayer
Irving Puggy Fneen. The defendant wants keep his
whiskers Judge must decide Strauss is shown with
detective at court yesterday. "A. p. Wrephoto
Evening star., 1940-08-03
River R<Hort.

River Report.
Potomac and Shenandoah Rivers clear
a. harpers Ferry; Potomac muddy at
Great Falls today
Precipitation.
Monthly precipitation in inches IN the
Capital (current month to date):
Evening star., 1940-08-03
Report fer Last "a Hours

Record for Last - Heurs.
Qrom noon yesterday to noon todayJ
Hishest, II. 2:3O pm. yesterday. Year
ago, 90
Lowest, 50, ais am. today. Year
ago, 72.
Record Temperatures This Year.
Hishest, 100. on July 81
Lowest, z, on January 20.
Humidity for Last "a Hours.
fFrom noon yesterday to noon today.)
E5lEhest, SO per cent At 3 am. today.
Lowest, 4S Der cent at noon yesterday.
Tide Tables.
Turuished By United States Coast and
Geodetic Suryey)
Evening star., 1940-12-29
More Tons
OF British Shipping
Sunk, Germans Say
l2,823-Ton Woiotiro and
a Armed Merchantmen
Reported Destroyed
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
BERLIN, Dec. 28.-The destruc-
ton of 37,163 more tons of British
shipping by two German subma-
iines-four armed merchant ships
and the 12,823-ton Waiotira-was
claimed today by the German high
command.
In addition, in a summary of Nazi
activity of yesterday and last night,
the high command confirmed earlier
unofficial reports of the apparent
sinking by German scouting plane
of merchant ship of 5000 to 10000
tons east of the mouth of the
Thames yesterday. These other blows
against Britain were reported Off
cially and unofficially:
An overnight raid of strong eff
feet" on London, where 1t was de-
clared there were violent explo-
SionS and large fires"
A bombardment by German naval
guns and artillery which forced
British ships to flee from an at
tempt to approach German-held
Dunkerque on the French coast.
Effective" fire by German long
range guns on Channel shipping.
which continued this morning from
the French coast.
The high command, while ac-
knowledging that "a few" British
planes penetrated the German-held
coastal region in the night, asserted
no bombs were dropped "on Ger
man territory"
Evening star., 1940-12-29
Federal Travel Expenses
Attacked by Dirksen
By the Associated Press.

Representative Dirksen, Repub-
lican, of Illinois said in a statement
yesterday that Federal travel ex-
penses aggregated S99 ,286, Sal in the
1910 fiscal year, and suggested that
President Roosevelt explain reckless
spendthrift policies" in his fireside
chat tonight.
Representative Dirksen said that
Of the total travel expense Sl45,1l5
was charged against the executive
office of the President and did not
include ANY items covering vacation
trips of the President aboard United
States naval vessels" Executive Of
flee expense, he said, was divided:
White House Office, S19O86; Bureau
of Budget, S13,119; National Re-
sources Planning Board, s90,102;
Office Of Government Reports, s22,-
8O8.
The Illinois Representative said
travel expense for the fiscal year
ending next June 80 would total
about $15O,0O0,O00. He added:
"Yet in the face of demands for
more taxes and more spending, every
suggestion for economy in non-mili-
tary bureaus is scorned by the White
House"
Evening star., 1940-12-29
K. Of t. Will Entertain
500 Orphan Children

More than 500 children from
Washington orphanages will be
guests of the Knights of Columbus
at Christmas party tomorrow
morning at the Tivoli Theater, Four
teenth street and Park road NV.
The program will include a movie,
acts from the Earle and Capitol
Theaters, magic by Harry Baker
music by David McWilliams' Stage
Band and additional entertainment
furnished by the Metropolitan Po-
lice Department and Johnny Reh of
the Washington Lodge of Elks.
Following the entertainment
which will start at 10 o'clock, the
youngsters will be presented with
Christmas gifts. Radio Announcer
Art Brown will be master of cere-
monies. The children will be taken
to and from the theater by special
buses furnished by the Capital
Transit Co.
Evening star., 1940-12-29

rather than on what he is going to
do next.
He must not neglect care of his
physical health, which is an i'm
portant part of his rehabilitation.
He must carefully follow a daily,
self imposed schedule which, con-
scientiously carried out, aids in
organizing a disciplined personality,
developing new habits for old and
bringing out new rhythm of living.
He must never become careless,
lazy, Indifferent or cocky in his
efforts to eliminate his desire for
alcohol
He must not be discouraged by a
feeling of discomfort during the early
stages of sobriety, but must turn
this feeling into incentive to action
which will legitimatetly satisfy his
desire for self expression.
He must not drop his guard at any
time, and especially not during the
early period of his reorganization
when premature feelings of victory
and elation often occur.
He must understand that, besides
abstinence, his real goal is a con-
tended and efficient life.'
Evening star., 1940-12-29
Germans Reported
Extending Activity
OF Sea Raiders
Two Vessels Equipped
As ProwIers Said to
Have Left Kobe
BY the Associated Press.


SHANGHAI, Dec. 28.-Stories of
intensive German raider activity
from the Indian Ocean to the South
Pacific reached here today, along
with reports that two Nazi mer-
chantment equipped as sea prowlers
recently left Kobe, Japan.
(This comes a day after the
Australian governments report
that a sea raider bombarded the
British equatorial islet of Nauru,
in the Pacific south of the jap
aneSe-mandated Marshall Islands,
Friday. The ship flew the jap
anese colors at first, but ran up
the swastika just before it opened
fire, the Melbourne Navy Minis
try announced Saturday,
Small Nazi freighters left Shang-
hal last week, possibly with supplies
for the German raiders.
Travellers from Hong Kong brought
reports that more than 20 Norwe-
gian vessels had been sunk and g
number of British vessels attacked
by raiders in the Indian Ocean.
Between Hong Kong and India, II
was said, British ship crews are get
ting wartime bonuses as a result OF
this sort of activity.
Passengers on the Canadian Pa
cific liner Empress of Asia said the
ship recently took four. instead oI
the normal two, days to get from
Shanghai to Hong Kong, going fai
off her course and zig-zagging tc
avoid raiders.
Evening star., 1940-12-29
BY MAI. GEORGE FIELDING
ELIOT,

Evidence is accumulating that the
United States is badly in need of an
Esher Commission.
After the South African War had
exposed some of the defects of the
British defense machine, a royal
commission headed by Lord Esher
was appointed to make a study of
the problems of Imperial defense
and their relation to foreign and
economic policies. Out of the re-
port of this commission grew the
organization known as the Commit
tee of Imperial Defense, which in
time of war merges its identity with
that of the war cabinet. In es-
sence, it provides planning and CO.
ordinating agency for the study of
the defense of the empire and for
the giving of advice to the duly
constituted authorities on defense
matters. 1t has a permanent sec
retariat and a permanent place in
the governmental structure, operat-
ing continuously in peace as in war.
Thorough Study Needed.
The United States possesses no
such agency. Many proposals have
been put forward from time to time:
but obviously what is required at the
outset is a thorough study OF the
whole problem by an "Esher Com
mission" composed of men of capac-
ity and experience, Of such standing
as to command public confidence,
men who have access to all the in
formation in possession of the va
rious departments and agencies of
the Government, and to all the ad-
vice OF those currently engaged in
dealing with the various activities
which need coordination.
Certainly, also the British expert
ence should be studied insofar as
time permits, but their organization
cannot be adopted in toto because of
the difference in constitutional
structure and the nature of the
problems to be dealt with. For ex-
ample, in Great Britain, the pres
ence on the c. I. D. of certain cabi-
net ministers assures parliamentary
representation and liaison, since
ministers are ipso facto members of
Parliament. With us. some means
of direct haison with the interested
committees of the two houses of
Congress, foreign affairs, military
affairs, naval affairs and appropria-
tions, would be essential The writer
was formerly in favor of actual con-
gressional membership in our Ma
tional Defense Commission, but the
division of Executive and legislative
powers which is a basic feature of
our Government seems to place OBJ
stacles in the way of that idea, be-
sides the practical objection that if
all interested committees and both