davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1940-04-19
America and the Indies

The pronouncement of Japan's
policy toward the Netherlands Indies
Monday by Foreign Minister Hachiro
Arita has evoked the immediate and
unequivocal response from the Amer
ican Government that this country
could tolerate no alteration in the
islands status quo other than by
peaceful processes.
Secretary Hull carefully avoided
criticism of Japan in his statement
Wednesday, but Toxic can hardly
fail to understand his meaning when
he said that other than peaceful
change In The status of the Indies
would endanger stability, peace and
security, mot only in the region of
the Netherlands Indies, but in the
entire Pacific area" 1t was as clear
"hands-off" warning as diplomacy
permits
Mr.. Hull based his expression of
American concern on the Indies
economic Importance for the entire
world, and especially for the United
States, exporting as they do tropical
agricultural and mineral products
upon which many countries substan-
TALLY depend.
The economic factor is dominant
In American interest. Although the
islands are good American export
market, they are fer more important
as the chief supplier-and in some
cases almost the sole supplier-of
products which are essential to the
health or national defense of the
American people.
The Indies last year ranked eighth
among suppliers of American i'm
ports. The total was more than
ninety-two million dollars. Although
not impressive in dollar value,
cinchona bark-from which quinine
is derived-is of vital concern.
Ninety-six per cent of American
supplies of this material-which is
so important incidentally to the
malaria areas of the Southern United
States-came from the Indies.
The Indies are second only to
British Malaga in our imports of
rubber, almost the sole supplier of
palm oil and tapioca, second only to
Ceylon in tea, and third to British
Malay and the United Kingdom in
tin. The rest of the list is a roster
OF oils-mineral and vegetable
spices, f1bers, drugs and herbs, all
OF which find daily American use.
American concern. however, is not
exclusively economic. This country
is devoted to peaceful processes in
international relations, and is deeply
interested in preservation of strategic
positions the West still holds in the
Orient. But Japan's possession of
these islands under the aulse OF pro
lection" would give Toxic indisput-
able predominance in the Far East.
Evening star., 1940-04-19
Short Cereal

A Sixteen-year-ol boy of the East
ern Shore wanted to learn to fly, but
had no money for instruction. Then,
unexpectedly, advertising enterprise
came to his aid. A manufacturer of
cereal, not content with filling it
with vitamins and coupons, also
printed on the box some highly con-
densed lessons in how to fly Here
was a whole course with everything
the ambitious pilot should know ex-
cept how to get plane-and he
already knew that He went to a
hangar, picked likely looking plane,
started the motor, and ran the ship
into mudhole in the runway. His
apprehension by the sheriff gave the
press one of the shortest cereal sto-
ries ever published, and showed the
advantage of employing an instruc-
tor.
This brings up the matter of in
structors. The first members of that
hardy breed fourished about 1920,
and from constant association with
the f1imsy craft of those days de-
veloped spirit of pessimism which
permeated their work and made it
effective. The first evidence of it
that the student noticed was a de-
mand for cash in advance, but there
were many others. The pilot as
sumed, correctly enough, that once
in the air the student would do
everything wrong that was possible.
He therefore equipped himself with
an inexhaustible supply of profanity
and a two-pound fire extinguisher
with which to rap the student over
the head when he froze on the con-
trolls. AS planes became safer and
money became scarcer the instructor
has evolved into a potter and more
humane type, but 1t is doubtful If he
will ever be replaced by the cereal
box or the soap wrapper.
Evening star., 1940-04-19
Cost of Impotence

Outstanding in the report of the
director of Virginia's division of
motor vehicles is his estimate that a
toll of s40,OOO00O was exacted last
year by what he described as the
'impatience, carelessness and reck-
lessness" of motorists involved in
traffic accidents. This includes
property damage, medical and hos
pital bills and wage losses during
periods Of incapacity.
Virginia's traffic record for last
year is a depressing study of concen-
trated efforts for safety hampered by
an inadequate force of men to patrol
the highways. During the year more
gasoline was sold in the State; two
hundred million more miles were
Evening star., 1940-04-19
THIS AND THAT
BIZ Charles E. Trdcepell. >

strong neck and bill, decapitates the
young and tears their legs OF.
This nefarious work, In line with other
celebrated attacks, takes place at dawn.
It is altogether in the line of sur
prise, taking the small enemy totally
unaware, so that resistance cannot be
made
The parent birds seem unable to do
much, except hutter and make an out
cry.
Persons interested in cardinal nests
should keep an ear open, therefore, for
the heart-pnding cries Of the older birds
and try to go to their help as soon as
possible.
of bird life is sleepy, at that hour, and
only half awake, even when he hears
the outcry of the birds.
BY this time, other species have joined
in the hue and cry, but to the sleepy
human, the noise blends with the morn
ing chorus of the birds, now getting into
full vigor.
BY the time the sleeper emerges from
his sleep, and comes to a realization of
what is going on, he probably will be
too late.
He must 60 down stairs, unlock the
door, and sally forth, and all this takes
time.
The grackle works faster.
If aid is to be given the fedglings, it
must come quick.
How, in little, all this mirrors events
across the sea!
Attack and resistance are much the
same, of course, everywhere The victory
mostly belongs to the force which gets
there f1rst-est, with the most-est," as
some one has said.
Robins cannot be classed as nest
| stealers, but many birds will try to take
another species nest, if they think they
can get away with it.
Wrens steal each others nests, and are
in turn ousted by English sparrows.
Starlings drive out the f1ickers from
| their holes.
We suspect that many mice" bird
indulges in nest thievery, which no one
| ever sees.
Many birds do not seem real bright
| in the selection of a nest site. Cardinals
| and robins are notoriously lacking in
judgment, in this respect. The robin
makes very flimsy nest, rather low
down, but not as low as the cardinal.
The latter beautiful bird often selects
site atop fence, not more than or
4 feet high, where any living creature,
cat, snake, or other bird can see it
easily, and get to it without any
particular eXertion.
Birds often select sites close to human
dwellings, sometimes in porches. and
often adjacent to doorways Just why
they do this. We do not know Explain
ations are only guesses. The wren is the
most notorious in nesting close to human
beings; it is quite common for them to
nest over door.
Evening star., 1940-04-19

considerations. Nor is the term
absolutely necessary" susceptible of
any precise definition. Mr.. Roosevelt,
for example, apparently believes now
that 81 SOC, 900, 900 may be absolutely
necessary for relief next year. But
a number Of persons in his admin
istration, as well as such groups as
the c. I. o. and the Workers Alliance,
are firmly convinced that $3,OOO,-
100000 is the absolute minimum
amount that will be needed.
Congress. at the request of Repre-
sentative Woodrum of Virginia, has
adopted the policy of requiring that
the relief appropriation, whatever its
total, be spread over an entire year.
That Is eminently sound practice,
since, in event of unforeseen need, a
deficiency appropriation can be asked
for.
If Mr.. Roosevelt now Is convinced
that the $975, 100000 he has recon-
mended for the next fiscal year is
going to be inadequate for legitimate
relief purposes, he should face the
facts realistically and ask for a
larger appropriation at this time.
The eight-month device has no
merit which makes it worthy of
serious consideration. At best, it
is only a means of beclouding the
true relief picture, method whereby
the public may be induced to hope
for an economy which has little, if
any, chance of being realized.
Evening star., 1940-04-19
upton STREET.


Dear Sir:
"Your column has been of great in
terest to me since I have been living
where have the opportunity to OBJ
serve the birds.
"A most amusing incident occurred this
morning. A cardinal has built her nest
in a small cedar tree right at the front
door and not more than 18 inches from
the living room window.
II always watch for her, and wonder
when she will lay her first egg.
This morning I thought she was
there, SO decided to watch, but no, 1t
was female robin!
"She was busting around making
herself at home, but being on the plump
side seemed to be having difIlculty in
shaping the nest to her satisfaction.
II was surprised, indeed, and wondered
how long 1t would be before the cardinals
saw her.
1T was only moment or two before
there was great commotion in the
tree.
Mrs. Cardinal was standing over her,
very much upset. Just then the male
came scolding, his crest erect and his
wings Tapping.
"He and the robin both flew to the
porch and words flew back and forth.
He was saying plainly, You're no
lady,
Mrs. Cardinal paid no attention to
them but settled down in her nest to re-
pair the damage. When she had worked
around in 1t for few minutes she flew
away.
do robins steal other birds nests?
II know that some birds do that, but
had never heard of the robin doing it.
Il know nothing Of the habits of the
cardinal When will she lay her eggs?
The nest has been finished for several
days. I am surprised that they would
build so close to the house.
THE nest is on the level with our
eyes and not more than feet from the
front door. From observations it ap-
peared that the male selected the site,
as l saw MIN on several occasions in
specting the tree before the female
appeared.
very truly yours, d. M. D.
~
Two, and sometimes three, broods are
raised by cardinals in a season.
Eggs have been found from April IS
to July Is.
1t takes about three weeks for the
babies to get out of the nest. The danger
period comes when they are just out,
but are unable to fly.
Poised in all their helplessness on the
edge of the nest, or perhaps on a vine
nearby, they are easy victims for
marauders, particularly the purple
grackle.
From our observations, we believe that
the grackle is among the worst enemies
f1edgling redbirds have.
The big glistening black bird, with
Evening star., 1940-04-19

to point out that the report assigns
proportionately high share of the Chigh-
way tax responsibility to the heavier
vehicles" Commenting on the railroads
contentious with regard to the alleged
highway subsidy, Mr. Eastman had this
to say: Il may add that the railroads
have had the opportunity to express
to me, both orally and in writing, their
views of the highway carriers Their
contentious impress me as being carried
to extreme limits
In view of the fact that your story
might have been somewhat misleading,
I trust you will want to make these ad-
ditional facts available to the readers
of your excellent paper.
April 49, w. A. BRESNAHAN.
Evening star., 1940-04-19
April 19. IT'S

Oh, little band Of patriots who hurled
Yourselves against the foe that April day,
You could not see the years Of war that
lay
Between the shot that echoed round
the world
And that time when the Stars and
Stripes unfurled
Above newborn Nation. With dismay
You seized your guns and left your
homes that gray
Still morning, when the mist lay curled
In wreaths above the field Of Lexington.
Would that you could have looked fae
down the years
To see the fruitage Of that victory won.
Now, in world bedrenched with blooA
and tears,
That Nation glories In the benson
OF Hope and Freedom, undismayed BY
fears.
BESSIE sCHENCK BUNTEN.
Evening star., 1940-04-19
Plea for Settlement Of
Orchestra Difficulties.
To the Editor of The Star:


The enthusiasm at the close of the
National Symphony Orchestra concert
on Sunday afternoon has been equaled
only twice to my knowledge in this city
(omitting the enthusiasm in the streets
at the signing of the armistice). Once
was on the occasion of the visit after
the World War of Marshal Joffre, and
the other when Lindbergh returned after
his successful flight over the Atlantic.
read in the papers that difficulties
prevent the continuance of the National
Symphony Orchestra during the COM
ing year. There must have been great
difficulties in the past can appreciate
the extreme discomfort of a young
musician forced to submit to a con-
ductor's criticism, and to subordinate
his own instrument to the good of the
whole I also appreciate the task of
conductor facing a new orchestra. The
new conductor in this case has had ex-
treme difficulty in securing some of his
soloists. The directors have had difficulty
in finding guarantors, and every person
who contributed to the fund, whether
the gift was large or small, made some
sacrifice
In spite of all these obstacles, the Or
chestra has continued to give better and
better concerts, and those who have
listened have continued to enjoy music
more and to understand it better. This
is no time to stop or even to consider
stopping.
At this time when peace, art and
beauty must be forgotten in Norway,
Denmark, Finland, Russia, Czecho-Slo-
vakia. Poland, Germany, France and
England, we surely can adjust our
difficulties, hold on to what is good, and
be thankful for it. LOIS KING,
April IA.
Evening star., 1940-04-19
Air Safety Editorial
Commended.

To the Editor of The Star:
I have just read with interest The
Washington Star editorial, United
States Airlines Complete Year Without
Fatality calling attention to the fact
that II airlines in the United States
have just completed years operation
without fatality to passenger or crew
member.
Obviously, the airlines of the United
States are proud of the safety record
which has been established for a youth
full industry, and the record of flying go.
100000 plane miles and transporting O.
100000 passengers during the year with
out fatality is not something which came
to pass by magic but by reason of care
full planning, large investments in safety
equipment, better airplanes and engines
and airports; improved flying, operating
and servlcing technique, coordination
between the airlines on all measures
which involved dependability and safety,
and also cooperation with the Civil
Aerorautics Authority which came into
being late in 1888, and with other gov
ernmental bodies and private agencies,
United Air Lines is proud of its part
in the outstanding record for the year
as United flew approximately $4,000 900
of the total 100000 miles flown by
the industry.
Likewise, this record represents the
benefits which have accrued from large
sums spent by the airlines, governmental
and private agencies in research and
thus the airlines enter the Flying For
ties with facilities and sound operating
practices which prove that air trans
porto ton has passed the romantic stage
and is now an indispensable part of our
national scheme Of transportation and
communication.
w. A. PATTERSON,
President, United Air Lines.
April 16.
Evening star., 1940-04-19
Presents Additional Facts
On Eastman Report.


The Star. on April IS. carried a story
covering the final report of Chairman
Joseph B. Eastman of the Interstate
Commerce Commission on his exhaustive
study of the extent to which the various
modes of transportation have been aided
or subsidized through expenditure of
public funds. 1t was stated in the story
that operators Of motor vehicles had re-
ceived public aid in constructing the
highways to the tune of s3l ,0OO, ,00o, 900.
This statement was something less than
accurate
A careful reading of the report will
show that motor vehicle operators have
not been subsidized but, instead, have
paid more than their share of the costs
of constructing and maintaining the
Nations extensive road and street sys-
tenn. Inasmuch as the Governments
future transportation policy might hinge
upon the conclusions reached by Mr..
Eastman, it seems desirable that the
record be kept straight. His findings
are of extreme importance to every per-
son who operates motor vehicle,
whether it be passenger car, bus, taxi
cab or truck.
The railroads have contended for many
years that they have been subjected
to unfair competition by passenger and
freight hauling motor vehicles. They
have claimed that while they must MAIN
tain their own rights of way, motor
vehicle operators have been subsidized"
through free" use of the public high
ways. Their claims resulted in estab-
lishment Of the Office of Federal Co.
ordinator of Transportation, to which
Mr.. Eastman was appointed in 1888. Mr..
Eastman's task was to study the whole
question of transportation subsidy.
Mr.. Eastman's report shows that on
the whole motor vehicle operators re-
ceived no subsidy from 1921 through
1887, the period covered by the investi-
cation. 1t shows that in the period 1921
through 1926 special tax payments by
motor vehicle operators did not meet
highway costs, but over-payments in
each of the years following 1926 more
than made up for any deficiencies in
the earlier years. During the entire
1921-1937 period, it was found, highway
users paid almost half billion dollars
more in special highway taxes than
the costs assigned to them. And this
conclusion was reached without giving
motor vehicle operators credit for Fed
eral gasoline tax payments or large sums
collected from highway users but d.
verted to non-highway purposes. Mr..
Eastman conceded in the report that
the taxes paid by highway users were
every conservatively estimated in the
report"
The $31, 1000 100000 figures listed in
your story as representing public aid"
to highways actually represented the
total costs of highway construction and
maintenance in the period covered.
Obviously, there is great difference
between subsidy and total highway costs,
which are met with taxes collected from
highway users. Had costs exceeded pay
ments, highway users would have been
subsidized to that extent. But, as stated
above, payments actually exceeded costs
and, as Mr.. Eastman found, there was no
subsidy
Inasmuch as the railroad charges of
subsidy were directed particularly
against motor trucks, 1t might be well
Evening star., 1940-04-19
Discusses Consequences
OF q German Victory.


If Germany should win this war,
Hitler and his brigands will not stop
until the last democracy has been
crushed
At this moment no doubt his "borers
from within" are working to prepare
the way in all Latin American nations.
1t has been reported definitely that
they are at work in Mexico. And the
United States is too rich prize for him
to overlook.
The success of Germany over the allies
would mean this: Eventually we would
have to fight the biggest war ever fought
In the history Of the world, and fight it
single-handed and alone.
Alexandra, VI. JOHN J. DAVIS.
April ls.
Evening star., 1940-04-19
Public Library Needs
New Flag.
April 16.

New Flag.
To the Editor Of The STAR
My attention was called yesterday to
the tattered and worn United States
flag on the pole over the Public Library
at Seventh and Massachusetts, avenue
NV.
The District of Columbia government
should be able to afford a new one.
am sure with your cooperation same
can be provided. Wake EN- up!
Landover. Md. M. REA.
April II.
Evening star., 1940-04-19
Letters to the Editor

Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address OF
the 1oriter although the use OF
a pseudonyna for publication is
permissible. Please be brief!
Evening star., 1940-04-19
Member of the Associated Press.

Entered as second-class matter post ONCE,
washington o. C..
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-10-16

who vas sitting in the CT. The olH- csr said the ear was blocking tzaf- flc.
 In passing sentence, Judge Gaff- ney declared that double parking is a menace to the city and q head ache to the police department. The fact that Williams had left his mo- tor running was an added menace the judge declared.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-10-16
FINE GIVEN FOR
 DOUBLE PARKING
Explanation of Accused Driver Fails to Convince
 Judge Gaffney

Charles Williams, 20, colored, of 6 wood street, today was fined $ without costs by City Court Judge John l.. Gaffney for double parking on Grand street. It was the first time in at least two years that a motorist was arraigned on such . charge.
 Williams told the court that he did not discover the ticket until he looked under pillow in his car. He said he had gone into a music store to purchase 8 record, had left his motor running, and had told a friend to drive around the block if he should stay too long in the store. The friend did not tell him about the ticket, Williams, 8 we'll dressed and well-spoken individual, told the court.
 Williams said that when he found the ticket, T looked at, it and couldn't imagine what it was" T didn't come here to question the integrity of the officer" he contin- ued, "but because I do not believe I am guilty"
 Officer John Palmatier testified that he gave the ticket to a man
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-10-16
DIR. BENHAM SPEAKS
 ON CENT. AMERICA

Beautiful Guatemala" was the subject of an illustrated lecture given last night by Dr. Leroy O. Benham at the Mattatuck Historical society under the auspices of the Waterbury Naturalist Club. The pictures shown and talk described a trip taken to Central America last February. Mrs. Benham exhibited speciments of baskets and scarves that she collected on the trip.
 Miss Emmie l.. Yost of Meriden was admitted as a new member of the club last night. Miss Helen L.. Stoddard, president, presided. The next speaker announced for the November 6 program will be Allan D. Cruickshank.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-10-16
Prosecutor Protests
 Giving Continuance
Lively Verbal Tilt Features TOdays Session of Police
 COurt-Defense Wins 24-EIOm Delay

Sticking to his guns, Prosecuting Attorney Michael J. Galullo today objected to the very end against giving another continuance to James Stack, 37, of 184 Meriden road charged with two counts of fraud, but Judge John L. Gaffney granted the stay with the understanding that the case will be tried tomor- row under any circumstances.
 Judge 1afney said that the city court is always ready to cooperate with counsel, but opposes using the court as an arm in civil cases. He then granted the stay, declaring that the case must be tried tomor- row.
 The verbal battle was between MT. Gaiullo and Attorneys Irving Pas ternak and Marcus WeiSman, who represented the complaining witt nesses. Attorney A. Henry Weis- man, counsel for Stack, did not say one word, but paced back and forth while the others blaZed away.
 Opposes Request.
 The point at issue was whether or no, to continue the case for an- other day to give Stack an oppor- tllnity to n.ake restitution before bringing him to trial MT. Galullo ileld fast to his policy of opposing. second continuances, while MT. Pas terna1 and MT. Marcus Weisman declared that justice would be served by giving the accused another chance.
 MT. Galullo not only opposed the continuance, but asserted that the two lawyers did not even have the right to speak in the court.
 T am opposed to either MT. Pas- ternak or MT. Weisman saying one word," Galullo cried out
 MT. WeiSman, who had not spok- en up to that time, told the court about it, saying, T haven't even opened my mouth yet"
 Mr. PaSternak, who had vainly tried to get the floor, declared that it was his right to speak in the court.
 The background to today's verbal battle was furnished by the fact that MT. Galullo has always opposed sec ond continuances, his policy having been a thorn to other counsel for the past year. MT. Galullo repeated his policy today, declaring that he wanted to impress on the Waterbury bar how he felt about second con- ttnuanceS.
 Stack Ready.
 An unusual element was provided by the fact that A. Henry Weisman, counsel for the accused, said noth- ing throughout the dispute, and told reporters after court that he was ready and willing to bring his client to trial today.
 Oalullo's objection to any talk from Pasternak and Weisman was