davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Key West citizen., 1940-09-16

thousands of underground anti
gas shelters. One gas-proof sub
way shelter in London can
house 5000 people.
Phosgene is ideal for the Ger
mans to use at the peak of their
air war because it has all deadly
effects and mysterious presence
attributed to war gases in popu-
lar fiction, and not because it is
widely des tructive of human life.
1t disappears too quickly to be of
maximum value as a weapon
against trained troops. -
But as a panic producer among
civilians it is highly effective.
Some experts figure one bomb of
phOsgene would produce more
panic and fear among civilians
than 100 actual explosive bombs
The stuff is a simple combina-
ton of chlorine-the purifier you
get in drinking water in minute
quantitieS-and carbon monoxide.
1t is easy to compress into a
liquid, and upon release becomes
a gas.
Slight concentrations smell like
fresh-cut corn in a field Heavy
concentrations smell like a Silo
full of fermenting ensilage. When
a man smokes a cigaret in the
The Key West citizen., 1940-09-16
COUNTY RECEIVES
81 TEXTBOOKS ON
NATIONAL DEFENSE
SENIORS GET MATERIAL FOR
COURSES IN APPLIED
MATH AND SCIENCE: MORE
BOOKS TO COME LATER
Especial to The Citizen)

TALLAHASSEE, Sept. Is. =
The State Department OF Educa-
ton has provided 81 books re-
lated to national defense for the
use of Monroe County boys who
will graduate this school wear
from high school. The book is
the first of a series giving ele-
mentary instruction in general
mechanics, engines, aeronautics.
radio, photography, and the arm
ed forces.
AS quickly as additional copies
can be printed the books will be
available to the schools as public
free texts, to whatever extent
plans are made for their use in
each school. Approximately g.
600 have been distributed
throughout the state to make
them Immediately available to
senior boys and to teachers of
physics, chemistry, and mathe-
matics.
The first book of the series in
Continued on Page Four)
The Key West citizen., 1940-09-16
TAwAwAT@wAwAZAwAwMw.4
W. |. BAGBY DIED
LATE LAST NIGHT
CONSTRUCTION HEAD PASS
ED AWAY SUDDENLY AT
PACKER STREET HOME

William L. Bagby, head of the
construction company bearing his
name, died last night at 1l:00
o'clock at his residence. l0l5
Packer street. He was AZ years
old.
The body is resting at Pritch-
ards Funeral Home awaiting
word from relatives in Georgia
as to funeral services.
Mr.. Bagby came to this city a
little over a year ago and formed
the construction company and en-
gagged in a general contracting
business. Recently he had been
successful in pushing to near
completion, six homes for local
residents on Avenue E.
The Key West citizen., 1940-09-16

WASHINGTON. Sept. 16.-
When the Germans tell you that
they have a great surprise in
store for use against the British,
and the British admit the peak of
air war is not yet, it adds up. for
the military expert. to the prob
able use of poison gas in the near
future
And you can bet one gas that's
coming will be deadly, almost in
visible phoSgene.
If the Germans use it first
and they were the first to use
chlorine in the World war-air
experts expect they will drop it
from the sky.
The purpose would not be to
decimate the population as so
many people seem to think. but
to spread panic and fear when
panic and fear are already taking
hold of the civilian population.
Phosgene would be the fav-
orite for this purpose for these
reasons:
/. II is almost invisible. and
therefore will have a terrifying
effect on civilians subjected to
the first attacks. People will ap-
The Key West citizen., 1940-09-16
HUNGRY TOURISTS
CAN Be CARED FOR
HOTEL COMMISSIONER LISTS
1857 SEATS IN COUNTY
RESTAURANTS
Especial to TIE Citizen)

TALLAHASSEE, Sept. Is. =
Ample facilities for tourists and
those who want to "eat down.
town are available in the 102
restaurants and cafes licensed to
operate in Monroe county, ac-
cording to w. M. Taylor, state
hotel commissioner.
Combined capacity of the res
taurants and cafes in the county
is 1857, Commissioner Taylor
said.
Each of the restaurants and
cafes listed operates under strict
health sanitation and safety reg
ulationS of the state hotel COM
mission.
Commissioner Taylor reported
that the current license year saw
permits issued by the commits
sion to 8,551 cafes and restaurants
in the state. These had a COM
bined seating capacity of 301,-
582 persons, he said.
The Key West citizen., 1940-09-16

around as flour barrel, ready to
be dropped into place in the steel
turretS. Lighter guns, the g.
incherS and the 5-inchers, are
fitted into their places on the
decks. The antiaircraft guns and
the Chicago Pianos" are put in
to place. The latter are groups
OF twenty machine guns mounted
on a single pivot which can fill
the air with flying metal.
When the men have finished
their work, the builders trials
begin. The ship is run forward
and backward. tested for speed,
fuel consumption. stability -
everything the imagination of the
Navy inspectors can suggest.
If a hundred thousand men
down the nations production
line have done their job. if the
designers slide rules told the
truth, if the men who placed the
parts have done their job, the
ship does better than the mini
mum predictions made for it by
the Navy Board and Chief of
Naval Operations, when they
first made up the specifications.
Final Trials
Then the ship viii be tried out
under the Navy's guidance, over
the deep water mile in the cool,
clear waters of the Gulf of
Maine If it makes the grade
here, it is a full-fledged Ship-of-
the-line in the Navy. But it is
not yet a unit of the fleet 1t
must go through a six months
Shakedown cruise. The guns
must be fired in every cOnceiv-
able position. 1t must worm its
way in and out of tight places un-
til every last man from the Cap
tain on the bridge to the Phar-
maciSt'S Mate knows what it can
Continued on Page Four)
The Key West citizen., 1940-09-16
VP53 PERSONNEL
MOVES into new
BASE QUARTERS
FIRST MEALS TO BE SEHvED
TOMORROW 1T SUTHE-
LING ANNOUNCES SPECIAL
MENU

Barracks and officer qusrters
al the Trumbo airfleld opens
for occupation todsy and pr-
sonnel IF air squadron VF53 uzs
buSlly engaged. those not o1t ca
regular flight duty. N moving rs
effects from the naval srzti-.n
proper to the new quarters
Approximately $50 men ulu
have moved into the new hulIs-
ingS by evening todsy
1t Z. W. Suffering. cumml-
sary officer, announced that So
clal meals will be served tomar-
row TO the airforce as q surr e
celebration event On the ucca-
sion Of opening Of living ouzr-
tiers.
The menus for the three nezls
to be prepared and served IN ~
mess halls are printed hereElrh-
Breakfast-Fresh fruit fril
eggs, fried ham. Geruan-fr5ed
potatoes, not rolls. bread. BUTTE
coffee.
Lunch-Hot soup. fined chicker
giblet gravy. creamed ruzshed
potatoes, vegetable dressing. bu1-
tered peas. buttered caullfluWer
tomatoes. lettuce and celery. zp-
pie pie and ice cream hot corn
bread. bread. butter and iced la
Supper - Fired nnesf hsIls.
Spanish macaroni- kidney ban.
fried potatoes. tomatoes. celerT
and lettuce. fruit Jam bread ice5
tea.
The Key West citizen., 1940-09-16
Roosevelt Signs Draft
Measure This After
noon; Bankhead Serv-
ice Held
cry Associated Press)

Cry Associated Press)
WASHINGTON. Sept. Is. =
President Roosevelt signed the
new conscription bill as passed
by Congress and amended by
joint Congressional action last
weekend. shortly after 800 o.
clock today in his office at the
White House.
The measure calls on $500. 900
young men of the nation, be-
tween the ages of 81 and 35, to
register for duty in the military
branches of the government.
Today was further marked
with military and defense i'm
portance when it was announced
that 10000 National Guardsmen.
the first of some 100000 even
tually to be called, had been or
dered into encampments for a
years training.
The ranks of the guardSmen
will be reduced somewhat when
those with dependents and having
physical handicaps, will be ex-
cused. Their ranks, however, are
Continued On Page Four)
The Key West citizen., 1940-09-16
Beatty Says Adolf Hitlers Surprise '}
For Britain May Be Phosgene Gas


pear to drop dead like flies for
no apparent reason.
2. It is easy to store in bomb
like containers and drop from the
air.
3. II is highly adaptable to use
in the British Isles at this season,
because the atmosphere is often
hazy, almot foggy. The thin
white cloud of the stuff will be
invisible under these conditions.
Phosgene is no good in very
wet weather, for water abSorbS
and .diSsipates it more rapidly
than air.
4. The Germans know that the
British population has been lax
in their use of gas masks.
l have it from well-informed
military observers that both the
Germans and the British have
big stores of gases for use under
desperate conditionS-the Ger
mans for the peak of their air at
tack against the islands, and the
British to use against land inva-
sion.
AS protection, the British au-
thoritieS have already distributed
30,000,000 gas masks among their
people. They have rigged up
The Key West citizen., 1940-09-16
STATE CHAMBER INVITES CANADIAN
President Brorein Relays Message To Defense Minister
WAR FLYERS TO TRAIN In FLORIDA
Especial to The Citfzen)

II hC 1AtAGCny
IN the South preparations were
underway TO train Canadian
aVlatorS IN the southern United
States during the winter months.
Mr.. BrOrein is very anxious
to have the Air Force seriously
consider Florida. He is one of the
ableSt men | know in the South
and flew for us in our last war.
II any program as suggested
does get under way, l sincerely
hope Florida will be given earn
est consideration. | have a win
ter home there and know the
country very well-it would be
an ideal place for any such work.
Il should also be delighted to
give you any assistance in my
power if it would be of any help
in the event Canadians train in
the States. Canada is doing a
great job, and l feel our country
is rapidly getting under way and
that we shall be of still greater
assistance in the future.
Brorein recently requested the
United States War Department
to designate some Florida air
port as Canadian training
ground. Canadian authorities say
this is unlikely in view of the
United States Neutrality Act, but
it is hoped some plan can be
worked out to train the Cana
dianS in Florida as civilian pilots
and complete this with military
and combat training in the Do
minion next Spring.
The Key West citizen., 1940-09-16
Hitler S Invasion Fails
10 Materiahze;; Attacks
Over London Lessened
%%ll[ll%Z.
GRfSWOLD'S STORY
&ACCEPTED BY PM

Oliver Griswold. publicity
agent for Government movies
al Washington. D. c. a
native of Key West. informed
friends here yesterday that
his story on the Island City
had been accepted by ".P.
M. the new New York
newspaper. for publication
in the near future.
The story will be illus
trated profuselY with pic
tures of the city and sur
rounding territory.
Mr.. Griswold spent about
a month in the city this sum-
mer. on vacation.
The Key West citizen., 1940-09-16
Dating The Depression? p?
OBy Associated Press)

NEW YORK-The worlds dia-
mond production last year broke
all records with nearly two-and-
a-half metric tons of stones, SAYS
the jewelers. Circular. Less than
one-fifth were gem stones, the
others being industrial. Even
so, this made about 1000 pounds,
or half a ton of gems.
The Key West citizen., 1940-09-16
U.S.S. NOA LEFT
FOR new STATION

Destroyer USS Nos has Ieft
Key West base for > neW stztIu1
according II word released hE
Captain A s Carpender. con-
mander Of the Key West Psrrul
this morning
Ships IN p0rt TINS afteruoo1
are the US-S King j1Sf return-
ed from neutrality patrol sn1
the destroycrs Bain5rldEe and
Goldsborough. the latter two 1e-
ing on base operation duty -aE
morning
U-S-S- Sands left TINS r1orzIzE
on neutrality patrol duty
The Key West citizen., 1940-09-16

OTTAWA, Canada, Sept. 10
Canadian and American business
leaders are urging Dominion Of
ficialS to give earnest considera-
tion to the proposal made by Carl
D. Brorein, president of the
Florida State Chamber of Com
merce, that Canada train flyers
in Florida this winter.
One of them, whose name was
not divulged, has written Col. J..
L. RalSton, Canadian Minister of
Defense, in support of the plan
as follows:
"One of my very good friends,
Carl D. Brorein of Tampa, presi-
dent of the Florida State Cham
Der of Commerce, telephoned me
yesterday that they have heard
The Key West citizen., 1940-09-16
AGED FAMILY MEET

PITTSFIELD, MaSs.-The mem
bers of one family, all over 80,
recently held a reunion, celebrat-
ing the birthday of the oldest of
the clan, who was 96. They were
David Parsons. 90; Mrs. Celia NJ.
Sears, "a; Mrs. Catherine Pills
bury, 90 Mrs. Emma Hutchinson,
80; Frank Parsons, 80, and Wal
ter Parsons, 81.
The Key West citizen., 1940-09-16
Tide And Ns Can5-
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The Key West citizen., 1940-09-16
The Budget PrOb.cm

EDITORS NOTE whzs gs-E S. - 49,
ion Feature Serves Nrz1sr-
devoted 10 cc-urzr
parties for snd-coz L-ess-.z.zzz q z--z -
and there VIII
The Key West citizen., 1940-09-16
OUR DEFENSE

tEDllOHS NOTE: This is the third of a series pre-
pared by the National Defense Advisory
sponse TO numerous for national
program Future releases will appear in The Citizen on
Thursdays and Mondays.
The Key West citizen., 1940-09-16
HARD LUCK

LAUREL, Neb-A foul ball.
hit by Pitcher Earl Miner, curved
over the bleachers, out of the
baseball park and through an
automobile windshield. If was
Miners car.
The Key West citizen., 1940-09-16
Conscription Bill
Now Law; $4,000
Guards To Camp
FATAL TO
GERMAN RULERS
(By Associated Press)

PARIS. KY. Sept. l6.-
Mrs. Ira E. Smith calls at
tention TO history which
shows the 40 years have been
fatal TO rulers of Germany.
Frederick I died in l440,
George William in l640.
Frederick William l in l740
and Frederick III in 1910.
The Key West citizen., 1940-09-16
THE UNITED STATES NAVY
From Navy Yards To The Fleet

According to the United States
Navy, 1t takes about a year and
a half to build ship to the
launching point. AS soon as it is
launched. it is towed to the fit
ting-out basin and the crescendo
of work increases. Under the
great cranes. the additional half
billion pieces that go into a ship
must be nestled into their ap-
pointed places.
Under the current Speed-up
program, when the ship arrives
at the fitting-out basin. the pre-
fabrication of deckhouses. bulk
heads, and fighting equipment
will be done to such a point that
the cranes seem to lift whole
ships through the air as these
parts are on the way to being
welded into place. All over the
yards individual shops are busy
finishing their work on the deli
cate entrails of the engines and
on the tough hide of the turret
armOr. Far away in the optical
shops of inland cities. men with
skill gained. not through years,
but through generations of de-
vOtiOn TO en-thouSandthS of an
inch, are gently rubbing slices of
glass. bringing them to the focus
that will aim the guns. In other
places, dark men wade through
fields of cotton. picking the bolls
that will eventually. become
powder guards, awnings, and
mattresses. Down the nations
communication lines roll these
tons of material, each arriving on
time TO be picked up by the
cranes and dropped into place.
Arming A Ship
A year passes. Finally the
cranes pick up the great naval
guns. These may be as big as the
battleShipS' I6-inch guns. with
each tube so feet long and as big
The Key West citizen., 1940-09-16

Key Wes- Fl1-zzA - Ia
Dosa eg1A1le c@z.z - "a
county, U1 - Ew-E4
range C 1zlE - Fz=E-.s<
The Key West citizen., 1940-09-16

Associated Press Day Wire
Service
For so Years Devoted to the
Best Interests of Key West
The midland journal., 1940-04-05
SOIL CONSERVATION DIRECTORS
MAKE PLANS, FOR
OPERATIONS

| Board of directors of the five
soil conservation districts formed
under the Maryland law enacted in
1887 came together at College Park
on March IA, to exchange expert
ences and lay plans for carrying out
the programs adopted by their re-
spective districts.
Meeting with specialists of the
Soil Conservation Service and the
county agents from the several dis
tricts, they presented the problems
encountered thus far and obtained
information as to best methods of
procedure.
In welcoming the group of so
farmers directors, specialists and
county agents, President H. c. Byrd
stated that approximately 5000
1arms in Maryland, comprising about
in organized conservation districts.
This, he said, is more than one-fifth
of the farm land in the state.
The meeting was sponsored by the
State Soil Conservation Committee,
of which DR.. T. B. Symons, dean of
the College of Agricultural, is chair
man. He hailed the event as being
of historic Importance, because it
was the first time that authorized
representatives of so many farmers
had attempted in an organized way
to carry out systematic programs
for reducing the immense loss caus-
ed by soil erosion.
Kent county, where operations
have been carried on for nearly two
years, is the oldest in Maryland.
Washington county, the most recent
ly formed district, is in the prelim
mary stages. Varying in age are the
Catoctin district, which includes the
Middletown Valley; the Gunpowder-
Deer Greek district, embracing the
agricultural lands of Baltimore and
Hartford counties; and the Monocacy
district, made up of the lands drain
ing into the Monocacy River, or it's
tributaries, in Carroll and Frederick
counties.
luerc Is dlSo, Hc uOciaIeu, oVV,VVV
acres in the state that it not suited
to production of cultivated crops and
would be better in forests. He point
ed out that trees for planting may
be obtained from the State Forestry
Nursery at nominal cost, and that
farmers can earn a payment for
planting trees under the 1910 AAA
program.
The midland journal., 1940-04-05
PEACE SPECULATION

The historians of the future will
of the short-lived but terribly de-
structive Russo-Finnish War. So
far as the world of the immediate
present is concerned, it's conse-
quences appear to be ominous and
far-reaching. Finland has been re-
duced to virtual dependence upon
Soviet Russia.
Curiously enough, there is one
school which thinks that the settle
ment of the Finnish war on terms
favorable to the dictators may i'm
prove the chances for peace. Their
reasoning runs thus: Britain and
France, seeing that matters are not
going so well as hoped, may relax
their peace terms; Germany's under
nourished population is eager for
peace-therefore, the stage may be
set for negotiations which will real
ly get results. On top of that, the
known pressure of Mr.. Roosevelt,
Mussolini and the Pope in favor of
peace may prove powerful factor
in banishing Mars from Europe.
However, recent English polls show
that the people of the Isles are over
whelmingly opposed to negotiated
peace at this time.
One fact is highly significant: The
great and incredibly bloody action
that was scheduled to start early
in March when Europe thawed, has
not transpired. German planes fly
over London and British and French
planes fly over Berlin-but none
drops IA bomb. Neither side seems
willing to take the initiative in un-
leashing the dogs of war in full
cry. And that, the observers think,
is a hopeful sign.-Industrial News
Review.
The midland journal., 1940-04-05
FEED IN FENCE ROWS INVITES
AID OF BIRDS

When certain kinds of insects in
Jure farm crop, the attack often
comes at the edge of the field, orch
ard, or woodland-not at the center.
Ii the fence rows or edges of the
fields are attractive to birds, the
farmer has an auxiliary line of de-
tense against the insects. The birds
may be able to destroy some of the
insects before the insects can lay
their eggs or complete the immature
period of development. This, accord
ing to- H. H. Bennett, Chief of the
Soil Conservation Service, is one of
the reasons, often disregarded, that
may make it wise to make edges of
nelds attractive to wiIdlife.
Some weeds that grow in untended
margins of "a field may harbor dis
eases that attack crops, and the farm
er may need to kill out those weeds.
But clean cultivation of fence rows,
or repeated moving or burning is
not likely to be the best form of
control. 1t may be wiser, for ex-
ample, to replace the weeds with
berrybearing shrubs or a border of
herbaceous perennials such as sericea
lespedeza that will attract the birds
that help control insect pests.
The midland journal., 1940-04-05
TO BE HELD AT UNIVERSITY

Cattle feeders from all parts of
the state will gather at the Univer-
sity of Maryland in College Park on
Frid3,y, April 5, for the annual Cat
lie Feeders Day, and to see the
actual results of feeding tests that
have been in progress since last
October.
Approximately 800 stockmen at
tended the event last year, in spite
of bad weather, and those in charge
dre expecting close to 500 this year.
test which attracted a great
deal of interest last year and has
been continued during the present
season is designed to determine the
value of. distillers' dry grains and
stillage as substitutes for other
grains in feeding cattle for the mar
ket. Those attending Feeders Day
will see 40 Hereford yearlings steers
that were obtained from Texas early
in October, divided into four lots of
ten steers each, and each lot fed a
different ration. They will be given
u detailed statement of the rate of
grain, cost of gain and other data
regarding the results obtained from
use of the several rations.
Prior to their exhibition on Feed
ers' Day, the steers will be appraised
by experienced men from the. Bal
tlmore livestock market, so that
definite estimates of the value of
the several lots will be made known.
Shortly after April 5, the steers will
be slaughtered and the carcasses
examined carefully to determine any
effects the different rations may have
on quality of meat.
The midland journal., 1940-04-05

handicaps if allowed to run on Old
er children who are attending school
have similar health supervision, DR..
Riley said, in connection with the
health services in the schools.
One or more child health confer
ences, each month, is planned for
each of the County Health Depart
ments, for the current year, DR..
Riley said. During the summer
months they will be supplemented
by the touring of the Health Trailer,
which will reach places off the main
highways. Arrangements are also be-
ing made, in cooperation with the
superintendents of schools and the
Parent t-Teachers Associations, for the
usual series of spring and summer
conferences for the examination of
the youngsters nearing school age,
in preparation for their admission
to school in the fall.
The midland journal., 1940-04-05
HEALTH SERVICES FOR YOUNG
MARYLANDERS

Over 10000 young Marylanders
were given complete health exam
ination and their mothers, or Others
in charge, were advised as to follow
up care at the health conferences
held in the counties in 1899 under
the auspices of the Bureau of Child
Hygiene of the State Health Depart
ment and the County Health De-
partment.
Nearly 5000 of the children were
taken to the conferences for return
check-up. To 1875 of the young
STEERS, 8,257 white and 5,47S color
ed, it was new experience. The
children ranged in age from very
young babies to their older brothers
and sisters who will soon go to
school. Nearly $500 we're under a
year old; over $500 were from one
to four; and 5,S2S from five to six
years old.
In issuing the report, DR.. r. H.
Riley, Director of the State Health
Department, explained that the pur-
pose of the conferences is to pre-
vent sickness and to advise the
mothers how they may help to keep
the children in good health. An eff
fort is made to point out conditions
that would develop into serious