davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-11-01

special presidential train bound
from New York to Washington.
The next day James Sloan, a A.
year-old negro patrolman, report.
ed that he had been kicked in the
abdomen. Early said in his state
ment that he did not attack or
kick any officer"
The text of Early's statement
follows: I'm certain republican
quarters political importance is
being attached to an unfortunate
alteration which took place be-
tween a detail of New York city
policemen and myself on Monday
night, last.
"As part of my official duty, 1
was endeavoring to obtain permits
sion for a group C about IS news
papermen and others to board the
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-11-01

diplomatic soundings and exchanges
was disclosed by semi-official in
formants while the official Turkish
radio took n more fling at the
Italians.
Italy, said the eadcast, is up
against an importan: test of her
military power, but has not Shown
up brilliantly"
Discussing British aid to Greece,
the announcer remarked that what
was needed from the Greek stand
point was an Raj bombing cam.
paign or Italian air bases, and air
attacks on italian cities, including
Rome" To such raids, he threw in,
CONTINUED on Page EighEs Col. s.
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-11-01
Leaves Home
In Effort To
Regain Health
Former Prime Minister And
Wife Are Believed Co.
ing To California
DOCTOR ORDERED TRIP
Has Been In Ill Health For
Months And Underwent
Operation July 70

LONDON. Oct. 31.-(R-Former
Prime Minister Neville Chamber
lain was understood tonight to have
left England because Of the state
of his health and to be on the way
to California.
The word of his departure from
ENGLAND came through a trust
worthy source from Birmingham.
How he was travelling was not dis
Chased. and there was nothing to
suggest how soon he might arrive
in the United States except a ru-
NOR that he and his wife had been
at sea for about 10 days.
Friends in Birmingham, the in
dustrial town where he was born
and lived in the site punctilio sug-
gested by the famous umbrella
with which his personality has
been associated in the public mind
declined to say what route he had
taken or where he would land.
Ordered By Doctor
They understood he sought sun
shine on Doctors orders.
This ambiguity at the passing
from England of a sick old man:
whose policy at Munich made the
word "appeasement'' an epithet to
his critics over the world-seemed.
clearly explained by the fact that
he must cross a hostile ocean.
His health has been uncertain for
months: on July 20 he was oper-
ated on for an abdominal Difficult
ty and he has suffered, too, from
govt. In these recent nights Of
German air raids the clamor, and
the tragedy behind it, have been
hard for a tired man of II.
Chamberlain's three-year serv-
ice as prime minister ended with
Continued on Page Eight; Col. g.
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-11-01
FASCIST ARMY GAINS
GROUND IN SOUTHERN
SECTION OF COUNTRY
Greek Ships Shell.
Italian Troops On
Border Of Albania

LONDON, Oct. 81. - @ - A
Reuters. British news agency,
dispatch from Corfu tonight said
Greek naval units heavily shelled
an Italian advance positios OH
the Greek border for an hour
this morning.
The news agency said the shell
ing was witnessed by a large
number of people from the coast
of Corfu, Ionian sea island which
lies Off the Greek-Albanian Dor
der. 1t said the naval guns
opened up at 7 a. m. midnight,
E. S. T., Wednesday, and blasted
away for a full hour,
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-11-01
War

BY KIRKE L. SIMPSON

BY KIRKE l.. SIMPSON
The stand of little Greece, great
ly outmatched in numbers a n d
modern fighting gear by her TIA
liam assailant, is doing more than
stir world admiration. 1t is rails
ing an imponderable question as
to German-Italian strategy.
Just as their Spartan ancestors
more than "a centuries ago put up
a brave defense against a Persian
host at the Pass of Thermopylae,
Greeks of today are holding up
1taly's advance. Every hour they
can gain is of vital consequence.
It brings British help that much
nearer, and diminishes by tn a t
much Italian and Axis military
prestige.
The same factors that temporar-
lily baked Xerxes' Persian W a r
chariots at Thermopylee in 480
B. c. and gave Leonidas's hand
CONTINUED on Page Three; Col. 81.
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-11-01
Greeks Tell Turks Help
Not Needed At Present

ANKARA, Turkey, Oct. 31.-R)-
The Greeks have told the Turkish
government that they can hold out
against the Italians without this
country's help, authoritative quar-
tiers here said today.
They added that Turkey would en-
ter the a only Tin ase of a Bull
garian attack on Greece or if Tur.
keys national interests are en-
dangered."
Nevertheless, they said, this coun.
try has promised all possible aid to
Greece even though that aid does
not take the Turks to the point of
becoming belligerents.
All this-the brief story Of what
must have been a series Of feverish
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-11-01
r

SAN JUAN, Puerto Rico, Nov.
3l-R-The U. S. army transport
Hunter Liggett, with 1900 air crops
officers and men (, gard, was de-
laye1 t o hours in docking today
while her berth VS. search for
"heavy objects" reported dumped
there some time ago by a German
freighter. After dragging e very
inch Of the slips bottom, coast
guard boats brought up only a
sack of potatoes. Then the trans
port proceeded to her berth. 2
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-11-01
ROBERT H. M'NEILL
|FLAYS BR0UCHT0N
Republican Candidate For
Governor Speaks AT Rally
OF The Party Here

Robert H. Mcneil, Of S%tatesville,
republican nominee for governor,
last night denounced j. M. Brought
on, democratic nominee, as temper
amentally unfit to be the governor of
all the people and do equal justice
to all, regardless of a or party"
MCNEIL was the principal speaker
Continued on Page Three; Col. p
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-11-01
.Nazi Invasion
Ports Bombed
By Raj Again
Germany's Westernmost
Naval Base AT Emden Also
Attacked By Planes
LONDON RAID LIGHT
Murky, Rain-Laden Skies
Take Most OF Sting Out
Oh German Assault

LONDON, Oct. 31.-R-ThrougE
cloud and mist the Royal Air Force
dropped tons of explosive and fire
bombs overnight on the German
invasion ports of the Low Countries
and on Germany's westernmost
naval base in Emder, the air min.
istry recounted today.
1t totaled up the pilots reports
ITO reach this summation:
Flushing, once the main North
continental port of entry for yes
sells from England: more than ar
hour of raiding set a huge fire
between docks that could be seer
SIS miles out in the North sea;
the Walcheren canal, between
Flushing and Mi%ddelburg, and thu
inner and outer Ravens bombed
heavily;
Fire Started
Emden: Bomb bursts observed
on the quay of the main waterway
and in the big V-shaped harbor t
the east of the main entrance,
lone very bright fire started ane
other fires in the area were seer
to spread rapidly; on aircraft at
tackled a nearby railway junctio,
and here, again, a large fire &C
cured"
Antwerp: Explosions and fire
in the harbor area;
Ostend: Quays and ship berth!
torn up just after the Germans hat
repaired the damage done in pre-
vious bombings.
Pilots flying back from this over
night foray reported seeing debri
thrown high in the air and sal,
that frequent explosions indicate.
that every other bomb or SO hi
a target.
Cherbourg was bombed in tn
daylight, and official sources sal,
dockside structures were hit ant
that one stick of bombs was drop
ped among four German TORPEDO
boats about 20 miles offshore.
The German high command
said Nazi artillery on the Flander'
coast had driven off British torpedo
boats which approached the shor'
in a thick haze. The Germans sale
one probably was destroyed.)
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-11-01
ITALY SEEKS EPlRUS
Strong Troop Concentra-
tions Are Reported On
Both Sides OF The Front
GREEKS CLAIM GAINS
Large Quantities Of Aban-
doned Italian Arms And
Equipment Captured

BITOLJ, Y~ugoslavia, (At The
Greek Frontier) Oct. 31-R-Italian
troops we're reported tonight to have
ground in the southern sector
of their thrust into Greece but to
be unable to crack the strong Greek
in the north.
Reports received here said the
italian columns attempting to smash
their way into Epirus toward the
strategic town of Ioannina (Janina)
had made progress, although their
gains were declared to be less than
the SO kilometers go miles, claimed
by some Axis sources.
lOannina Is Goal
Ioannina appeared to be the i'm.
mediate italian objective since it is
an important operating base for the
Greek army in the southern sector
and contains supply depots and mill.
tary hospitals.
Border observers said strong troop
concentrations could be seen on both
sides of the front indicating that
the Italians were planning an Of
fensive in the north presumably
from Corizza in Albania eastward
toward Phlorina and Kastoria).
Yesterday and today the Italians
brought up motorized forces and as
signed them to points all along the
northern front.
The Greeks claimed 100 Italian
prisoners had been taken to Phlo-
rina. Peasants on the shores Of
Lake Prespa near the juncture of
the Greek-Albanlan-Yugoslav FROM
tiers heard continual machine-gun
almost at hand and an artil.
lery barrage in the distance.
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-11-01
WEATHER

FORECAST
sl; ap[.h Carolina: Mostly cloudy and
t ar; ~ warmer, scattered showers in
n mnor Friday. Partly cloudy Saturday
NV''d by showers over east portion.
m,hy u. 8. Weather Bureau
pn genealogical data for the "a hours
'''o p. m. yesterday.
1.eo Temperature
m &c, d. m. So; 7:30 a. n. SO; 1870 p.
ninir, 80 p. m. So. maximum SO
Aum Of; mean 81; normal 81.
1.qo Humidity
m 90. d, m. "a; 7:3O a. m. 80; 1:3O p.
= 1880 p. m. Y.
Toto, Precipitation
none. tor a hours ending 1870 D. M,
la ino Iotai since first Of the month,
Tides For Today
Wilmina High Low
s'oh --------- 10 :4Sa 5:2Sa
Masorb- II :04p 8:02p
'0fo Inlet -- 3:36a 2:11a
Sunr;. S:51p 2:51p
rise e .1 ! 6;32a; sunset 5:2Op; moon
Ni'd monoset 7:07p.
stterfn rear river stage at Fay
Us feet. H. oc'ooor o~'
naed on Page Eight; Col. A.
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-11-01
STORM HEIGHTS

ATHENS, Greece, Oct. 31.-[P-
In their first major counter-attack
of the new wal with Italy Greek
soldiers were declared today to have
stormed the gloomy heights north
of Ioannina Uanina) and pushed
back the invading fascist troops.
The ENTHUSIASTICALLY impor-
tant because of its supply depots
and its location, some 80 miles
from the Albanian frontier and an
equal distance from the coast
was thus relieved temporarily at
least from what had been before a
slow but continuous Italian ad-
vance by two columns.
Hill Recaptured
Specifically claimed in Greek re.
ports were the re-capture of a hill
which had been the scene of heavy
action and the seizure Of large
Continued on Page Twelve, Col. 81
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-11-01
WEATHER AFFECTS NAZIs

LONDON, Oct. 31.-R-Murky,
rain-laden skies took much of the
sting out of the German air siege
of England tonight after a day OF
desultory raids in which the Nazis
dived beneath the clouds to bomb
and machine-gun widely separated
areas.
Defying the nearly ceiling
zero" weather, a few bombers
came over London for the 55th
night attack and the capitals anti
aircraft guns lifted one of the heav.
lest barrages of protective fir e
heard in recent weeks.
A southwsterly gale blew across
the Strait of Dover, favored route
of the Nazi L~uftwafee, and driving
rain squalls made flying well-nigh
impossible.
During the early part of tn e
night raid On London single planes
were heard overhead but in most
cases each dropped only one bomb
then scurried out of the havy bar
rage Stabbine the blackness.
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-11-01
PRAISED BY WADE

James E. L. Wade, city com
missioner of public works, said
last night that he was delighted
to hear of the appointment of Pre-
vette as district WPA supervisor
to succeed l.. J.. Jordan.
Hes done a splendid job as
construction engineer in the dis.
trict and I'm sure that the work
in the district will be carried for.
ward" Wade said.
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-11-01
PREVETTE NAMED
TO WPA POSITION
Lumberton Man Appointed
District Manager To Sue
coed L. ]. Jordan Here

RALEIGH, Oct. 31.-R-C. c.
McGinnis, WPA state administra-
tor, announced today the appoint
ment of w. Joe Prevette of Lum-
berton as district WPA manager,
with headquarters in Wilmington.
The district is composed of New
Hanover, Brunswick, Bladen. Pen
der, Robson, Columbus and Scot
land counties.
Prevette, who was construction
engineer of the district, succeeds
L. j. Jordan, who resigned to &C.
cept a position with a firm in Ten
nessee. No successor has b e e n
named to fill Prevette's former
post.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1940-09-29
He's building Uncle Sans first line of defense-raw
materials. One by he is providing with vital
supplies that formerly came from abroad Here
is a thrilling story of American inventive genius
by Paul w. KeaxneY

At first blush, perhaps synthetic leather
may not sound very warlike. But assume that
it takes one COW to produce a square yard of
real leather, and that it takes one acre of fer
tile land to feed one COW then estimate how
many million acres were released for the grow
ing of human foodstuffs by virtue of the sale
of 81 600, 900 yards of fabricated leather cloth
last year alone!
Nor have the industrial scientists been con-
tent with merely replacing products - in
numerous cases they have developed syn
thetic improvements over the real thing.
Since the last war we have perfected such
metals as dowmetal, very strong and one
third lighter than aluminium; and, in the glass
field, such products as uystalite and plexi-
glas, which are shatterproof. half as heavy
and finer than ordinary glass; Both dowmetal
and the glasses are widely used in airplanes,
automobiles and trains
In some cases, incidental to specific re-
searches, the scientists have hit on other
things of great significance. One glass blowing
concern, for instance. was merely experiment.
ing with method of getting colored pictures
on milk bottles. However, one expedient they
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1940-09-29
THE man WHO LAUGHS AT HITLER

tried was the idea of blowing molten glass on
the bottles. 1t failed because the molten glass
promptly fell off, But the experimenters soon
noticed that when it did fall, it piled up in a
fluffy mass of fine fibers. Testing it, they
found that cubic foot of the fluff weighed
only pound - as against six pounds for the
coarse fiber formerly made from glass by the
Germans. The upshot was "fiberglass" glass
cloth that is now extensively used for heat
road locomotives), for filters, for electrical in
sulation and for many other jobs formerly
handled by asbestos, rubber or silk - all
three of the latter being vital commodities
that must be conserved in war times
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1940-09-29

- YHEN the alarmists declare as so
" many have lately - that our UMPIRE
w paredness is worse than in 1917, their
hysteria does not check with the facts
Two years ago, for example, DR.. Ernst
Berl, research professor at Carnegie Institute
of Technology made an exhaustive survey of
world resources of the most rital war supplies.
He found that the United States holds the
strongest position of any nation, Japan the
weakest - that we were infinitely superior to
Italy and Germany. Russia comes far down
on the list because of lack of facilities for
working raw materials
"As far as munitions are concerned" says
Dr. Berl, 1.-The position of the United States
reflects great superiority a similar situation
prevails in nearly all other fields involving
defense"
That this is not wishful thinking or whis-
ting in the dark is evidenced by the fact that
DR.. Berl, though he has been an American
citizen for years, was the virtual dictator over
the Austrian munitions industry during the
World War.
Twenty-three years ago another war found
us in very different situation. The curtail-
ment of dye imports raised havoc in this
country; so did the stoppage of pharmaceuti-
GALS We found ourselves without optical glass;
glycerin vanished from soaps to conserve it
for munitions; the entire nation was beseeched
to save peach pits for gas-mask carbon;
Japanese camphor rose 5000 in price and
rubber followed close behind; German potash
leaped from 500 to over $500 ton; Chilean
nitrate grew so scarce that famine threatened
us through fertilizer shortage.
In score of other commodities our de-
fciencies were painful and costly, but today
there is far different story. Research and
experimentation have shown us how to make
our nitrates from the air instead of importing
them from Chile; how to make camphor
from southern pine trees at 48c pound in
stead of importing it from Formosa at $3.75;
how to get our potash from deposits in our
own Southwest instead of from Germany; how
to make glycerin from starch, ammonia from
air and water, iodine from oll-weil brine.
magnesium from sea water.
Today, instead of importing all of our opti-
cal glass, we are manufacturing SOC of it
and could expand that production if neces-
sary. By virtue of $4,000 600 spent in re-
search and experiment, we now produce $3.50
of our dyes, better and cheaper than the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1940-09-29

foreign product. And with that we have also
broken the German monopoly on medcinals,
including such items as iodine. salvarsan,
pain killing narcotics, sulfanilamide, sulfa-
pyridine, urea and hundreds of others.
Urea, to cite only one, is pharmaceutical
laymen seldom hear about American medical
researchers have found that it is an ideal
germicidal agent for keeping bad wounds
clean while healing
Direct from the laboratory have come other
advances vital to our self-suffiCiency. The
chemist has shown us how to get two and
half barrels of gasoline from a quantity of
petroleum that used to yield one barrel. And,
for an ace in the hole. he has perfected meth
DDS of making fuel from potatoes. corn, refin
cry gases and other abundant materials.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1940-09-29
Familiar but Importont

liz HAS given us many new products already
commonplace since the last war: rayon, for
example, which made the first dent in the
Japanese silk monopoly; cellophane, so i'm
portant for gasproof food wrappings; freon, a
safe refrigerant for food preservation; fabri-
koid, to cut the burden of leather production
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1940-09-29
Struggle for Rubber

In CONTRAST to this 'side-line" discovery.
other developments have come only after
years of effort and disappointment A salts
factory substitute for rubber has been sought
for seventy-five years. for example; it has been
made from the gayule shrub in Mexico, from
goldenrod, and synthetically in the labora-
tory In the last war the Germans produced
over 1000 tons of a synthetic product but it
was admittedly inferior and the hunt went on.
Interestingly enough, British, German and
Russian scientists seem to have concentrated
on the problem of merely duplicating natural
rubber as closely as possible The Americans,
on the other hand, went off on new tack in
1925 and determined to produce something
better than rubber. This line of attack brought
the first successful results of nearly century
of research: synthetic called neoprene that
went into commercial production eight years
ago, and was followed in few years by
thiokol. In the past few months two Others,
butyl and ameripol, have been added to the
growing list, all of which promise to increase
our independence of overseas supplies.
by the end of the month" according to
the mid-July announcement by Edward r.
Stettinius, Jr., handling raw materials on the
War Industries Board, 1t is expected that
plan will have been worked out whereby it
would be possible in an emergency to supply
most of our needs through the manufacture
of synthetic rubber"
OF course. these things do not mean that we
are now completely self-sufficient - no ma
ton is. Perhaps the most concise summary of
the whole story is provided by the War De
partment's own inventory of our essential
CONTINUED on pose 14)
9-l9-4O
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1940-09-27
EDITORIAL
Continued from Page One)

Some fifteen billion dollars are being spent 10 man
this nation the mightest military and naval power IN Inc
world .;,,or,,
This means battleships, cruisers, submarines ar'
airpanes machine guns tanks rifles pistols uniforms
blankets Shoes kits hats underwear rahcod'S'
ngs gunpowder gas flame throwers and Thousand o'e
items to manufacture.
Contracts have been let to scores OF businesses LIN
the Atlantic to the Pacific begin turning out TINS vast
equipment - . - ;a,s+rial
This work will be done by the millions IN our noust,a
reserve army who will be well paid for it out OF the puo
treasury to which we all equally contribute
There is color discrimination, segregation anu JIM
r.rouisro rampant in that industrial defense army
Tn the majority of the plants working on tnese nii
orders no Negroes admitted for any purpose least
of all to work. ,eo orders
Dozens of the unions working these DEFENSE oroeis
do not admit Negroes their ranks and scores OF the en-
overs are equally adamant about giving Negroes Joos W
how much these may cheer Marian Anderson
and Joe Louis
The Negro largely shut out OF this ndustrlai oele
army and will continue to until he organizes efecVeiy
to fight the system along the whole 'front.' against oo La
Dor and Capital against prejudiced government OIL
fcals we'll -. Co.
This calls for intelligent and militant organization io
that purpose in every Negro community under responsible
leadership and the is done the sooner VIII we see
the Negro payroll grow Pttsourgn Oouiiei
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1940-09-27
p. P. 81. Co.
Appeals Whatcom
Case

1.-THE Puget Sound Power &
Light Company today" stated
Frank Mclaughlin, President of
Puget Power, has filed notice of
appeal in the Whatcom County
condemnation case. The appeal is
based on a number of matters of
vital importance, one of these
matters being the fundamental
question as to the right under ex-
listing laws and court decisions Of
a public utility district to con-
denim the Company's property.
The first step in the condemnation
of proceedings was the granting
to the public utility district of a
Decree of Public Use and Neces-
sity. We contend that the district
was not entitled to such decree
because of lack of necessity for the
taking of our property and absence
of public benefits.
eff the Company's contentious
are affirmed by the Circuit Court
of Appeals, it will put stop to
the uneconomic and costly piece
meal condemnation program of
some of the public utility districts.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1940-09-27
Seattle LIST Nat.
Bank Backs
Defense Program

That the Seattle First National
Bank throughout its 33 state
branches will protect the jobs and
seniority rights of all employees
during military training and SER
vice for the United States, has
just been announced by ]. A.
Swalwell, president of the bank.
His statement reads:
ut will be the policy of this
bank to grant years leave of
absence with full and complete
preservation of seniority rights, as
well as the assurance of the priv
ilege of resuming employment at
the end of such leave.