davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-11-23

o. What is the percapita con. sumption of meat in the Uniter States?
 A. On the basis of dressed weight, the per capita consumption in 1889 totaled 1926 lbs. divided as follows beef, 53.7; veal, II; lamb and mutton, 6.6; pork (excluding lard), 63.6; chickens, 18.7 and tur keys, 2.9.
 Q. What is the ground color zebras?
 A. Pale, ,yellowish brown witt black or dark brown stripes. Whe. the zebra and ass are crossed, tn light tan predominates as the basi color in the offspring.
 o. Will there be comet visible to the naked eye sometime in 1940?
 A. A comet, discovered several months ago by Leland s. Cunning ham of Harvard College Observa- tory, is now visible with field glass eS ard, soon after Christmas it will be visible to the naked eye as a tailed object in the western six. after sunset.
 o. What is the origin of tke proverb AIS fair in love and war?
 A. It is an old French proYerD and, like many others, was in use before written literature.
 e. To whom should one write for literature about fire prevention?
 A. The National Fire Protection Association, 50 Battery March St, Boston, Mass, and the National Board of Fire Underwriters, 85 Jonn St., New York, N. Y.
 c. Is it necessary for a foreign born child under sixteen to register under the Alien Registration Law if his parents are aliens?
 A. After December 27, 1940, chill dren born in foreign countries. whose parents are aliens, must reg ister within thirty days after their forteenth birthday.
 If you want a copy of the book let "20th CENTURY WORLD HISTO-GRAPH" send to the Waterbury Democrats Washington Bureau, 1913 Thirteenth Street, Washington, D. c. Enclose twenty cents in postage.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-11-23

The town of West Hartford showed the largest gain, actual figures, in the 1940 census. It went up by 0,803 people. While this may not be as great, propor- tionately as that in some other com munity, it is according to percentage figures. Hartford had the biggest gain of the cities over 100000, picking up more than 2,O0O Waterbury lost, so did New Haven, but what will defense programs do to these figures?
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-11-23

SOAAAA4A4ooAO11 H V the American business man has given any indication that the 40-hour week is slowing up the defense program.
 I'm a soldier and I'm primarily interested in national defense" says Col. Fleming. "If I saw any reason to suspect that this law was ham, dicap to our defense efforts I'd be the first one to go to Congress and ask for a change. But I don't"
 Last July Col. Fleming wrote President Roosevelt that he wanted to be informed at once if the 40- hour week was slowing up defense production anywhere. The presi- dent gave the letter wide publicity, but only one complaint has come in from a small concern which com- plained that it couldn't get enough machine tool men.
 SHOULD TRAIN
 UNSKILLED
 Far more important than length ening the work week, the colonel thinks, is training the unskilled un- employed for skilled jobs. He points out that the wage-hour law is amply flexible to make this easy. We can step in on a plant-ex- pansion basis and give employers certificates for hiring apprentices and learners, at less than the mini mum wage if necessary, at anytime that it's advisable" he says.
 we have a long way to go be- fore we even absorb the backlog of unemployed skilled workers, to say nothing of the unskilled.
 Aside from that consideration, there's a question whether an in- crease in the work week increases productivity anyway. Just what the optimum is in any specific field I confess that I don't know. Industry generally has gone to the 40-hour week because it's the most produc- tive.
 Tn defense industries that are on a production line basis, where a man performs routine operation over and over, I should say that even 40 hours is probably too long" COOPERATION
 FROM EMPLOYERS
 In general, Col. Fleming believes the wage hour law is coming to be accepted as permanent feature of the American industrial landscape.
 T think in the last year or so we've developed consciousness among both employers and labor that the law is being enforced" he says. Because that is true, business is helping to enforce the law. We've had a lot of help from trade asso- citations. Many of them are going right to bat, reprinting our publica- tions and sending them out to their members to help them comply with the law.
 "Our industry wide. drives are doing a great deal of good. At first we were only able to handle com- plaints, and we weren't doing very good job even of that. Now with an increased staff we're clearing up the complaints and are also putting on these drives in which We take one industry at a time and inspect every single plant in it, all across the coun- try.
 What I'm steiving for now-and I think can see the goal ahead of 1 us-is to make routine periodic in spection of every employer covered by the act"
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-11-23

caused the rais- ing of an eyebrow in Wash in g t 0 n. And though the General M o t or s chairman was ad- vancing his idea as a measure to speed up defense production, Col. Philip B. Fleming, head of the gov- e r n m e n t wage hour division, de- clares hatly that
 neither the Na- tional D e f e ms e
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-11-23

ties. For at present General Gra- ziani is begged down in Egypt, where Mussolini has been sending him premptory orders to advance on Suez, to which Graziani has replied that he will not advance until he has sufficient supplies. So should Graziani be attacked by the French from the Tunis side, and by the British from the Egyp- tian side, it would mean certain defeat and probably the end of Mussolini.
 Furthermore, it would prob ably take f:a1y out of the war. PERSHING TO FRANCE?
 This is the main effort to which American diplomacy is now direct ed. First step was a plan to send General Pershing, old friend of Marshal Petain as special ambas- Sador to France. To this end, the 80-year old general underwent a thorough physical examination at Walter Reed hospital. But al- though anxious to undertake the mission, his doctors forbade it. Unless he ignores their orders, the Pershing mission is out.
 More recently, the State Depart ment has been working on a plan to have a prominent Frenchman, who is close to Marshal Petain, come to the United States on goodwill mission. This may hap pen soon.
 However, the chief problem is to influence not merely Petain,
 who already has veered away
 from the Axis, but also Marshal
 Weygand. The latter is now in
 North Africa, and the French troops in that area would rise 10
 his leadership Overngiht in any attack upon Italian Libya.
 WeVgand. bitter over his treat
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-11-23
Selected Poem
THE NIGHT IS RENT (D. EwenS in the New York Times

The quiet moon hangs in the midnight sky, A dog hGrks. and again the silence falls, Pregnant with foretaste of eternity; Men are absG ard far beyond the walls That hem them round, in dreams besride the earth, Kings of a moment. Then, with dreadful sound The night is rent, as though some monstrous birth Had spawned its brood upon the quaking ground, While from dread ruin puny mortals flee, Amazed yet no confounded; knowing well That those who stake their all for liberty Must stand unshaken though the fire sof hell Consume them utterly, that by their pain Men yet unborn may sleep at peace again.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-11-23

gravestones and fraudulent regis trations running into the thousands.
 But while dealing with the wise avoidance of undue new expense and superfluous motion in connec- tion with registration and voting procedure, it would be good thing if equal consideration were paid to the elimination of undue expense and superfiuous motion already in existence. The procedurde now in use in New Haven costs taxpayers of this city many hundreds of dollars annually for absolutely useless paral- leling and duplication of service and outright political patronage.
 What is let leak away here year after year would buy a first-class piece of new fire apparatus annually. The public would get something for it's money.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-11-23
Daily Almanac
les l1:55 D. m.

Moon rises l1:55 p. m.
 Sun rises 6:48 a. m; sets 4:29 p. m.
 All vehicles must be lighted thirty minutes after sunset.
 Meteorologists have feeling that Novem- Der won't pass without one good storm Winter storm. They hardly classify last weeks prolonged and heavy rainfall as the one anticipated. The recent sdftening in the weather norm of the month may be a pre- Jude to this storm or 1t may skip us entirely and December start very mildly.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-11-23

ment during the last days of the war, is sulking. He is not pro- British, though not as violent against them as the officers of the French Navy. Recently, cer- tain British emissaries have had confidential talks with General Weygand, but with no definite re- suits. c
 U. S. SHIPS TO DAKAR
 Another plan which has been considered in Army and Navy cir cles is for the United States to take cognizance of the part which Dakar might play in any attack upon South America.
 The Germans are now develop ing Dakar as giant air base un- der the protection of the French fleet. This is the vital concern to the United States, Brazil, Ar gentina and the rest of South America. Therefore, it has been suggested that the United States instigate joint Pan-American rep resentations, followed perhaps by g naval display off Dakar, in or der to persuade the French fleet to divorce itself from Germany and neutralize Dakar.
 This plan does not get much encouragement from the White House and State Department, where it is considered risky. How ever, it is one of the many ideas which are being mulled over as means of bolstering the French swinging the North African army behind the British, and providing the punch which may tip the balance of victory in the war.
 Copyright, 1940. by United
 Feature Syndicate, Inc)
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-11-23
A Thought for Today

But love ye your enemies, and do gOOd and lend, hoping for nothing again; and your reward shall be great, and ye shall be the children of the Highest: for he is kind unto the unthank- full and to the evil-Luke 6:35
 
 A merely fallen enemy may rise again. but the reconciled one is truly vanquished.- Schiller.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-11-23
Views Of The Press

American dubious about the speed ing up of the defense programme should see the v-sual proof of what
 American skill is accomplishing, see the plant in the daytime and see It at night, cleaning with scientific lighting. And they would take heart.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-11-23
ropAH.s COMMON ERROR

TODAY'S COMMON ERROR The expression started out in connection with a journey, walk, jaunt or trip in crude. It is better to say, set out or set off. Start is not objection able when applied to the be- ginning of a journey, but out should be omitted.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-11-23
National Spotlight
By BRUCE CATION Waterbury Democrat Washington
 COrrespondent)

Washington, Nov. 23-Alfred P. Sloan's recent suggestion that the six-day week should supplant the five-day week in American industry as soon as ''the slack of unemploy- ment has been taken up," scarcely
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-11-23

for the answers.
 1. The capital of Turkey is Istan- bull, Smyrna or Ankara?
 2. Have Deanna Durbin and Mickey Rooney ever appeared to- gether in a feature photoplay?
 3. Of the five most common names of men who enlisted in the World War, did Smith, Jones, John son, Williams or Brown rank first?
 A. Which Nobel prize in 1889 was won by the Nansen International Office for Refugees at Geneva?
 5. Complete the proverb: Shoe- maker stick to your .. :?
 6. Which is heavier, helium or hydrogen gas?
 '. To cause a forest to grow on treeless land is called ......,..?
 8. Did Patrick Henry make his famous liberty or death" speech in Richmond, Williamsburg, or Phil adelphia?
 g. Name the carpenters son who founded a religion.
 10. For what is Fannie Crosby remembered?
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-11-23

The oldest era in geological hls- tory is the Archeozolc Era. Rocks dating back to that era yield nc fossils.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-11-23
Washington Merry-Go-Round
NEA Service, inc,
DREW PEAR s o N ROBERT S. ALLEN

- 
  tip the a
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-11-23
What's s Your l. O.?

Can you answer seven of these test questions? Turn to page II for the answers.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-11-23
THE EDTTOR

o. Was Wendell Willkie's father a naturalized citizen of the United States?
 A. He became naturalized at ap- proximately the time of his twenty first birthday, according to Russell W. Davenport, personal representa- tive of MT. Willkie.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-11-23
Questions
 and Answers
BY ~REDERIC M KIRBY

Enclose three cent stamp for reply when addressing any ques- ton of fact or information to the Waterbury Democrats ervice Bu- reau at Washington. Legal and medical advice cannot be given nor can extended research be un. taken Be sure all mail is ad- dressed to The WATERBURY DEMOCRATS SERVICE BC- REAU. 1913, Thirteenth Street Washington, D. c.
 THE EDITOa,
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-11-23

Q. How do weights and measures commonly used in the United States differ from those of England?
 A. The measures of weight and length in the two countries are identical, but the capacity measures differ. The U. s. gallon is defined as 231 cubic inches and the bushel as 2,15042 cubic inches, whereas the corresponding British imperial units are respectively, gallon, 277418 cu- bic inches and bushel, 2,219.344 cu- bic inches,
The Phoenix index., 1940-02-03
07% OF Those Given
WPASIips Still JobIess

ings as project workers, Colonel
Harrington said. In none of the
% cities surveyed was the average
income of this group Gncluding %
wages of those privately employ
ed, relief grants, and the value of
food, fuel and clothing distribu-
tion) as much as $14 a week, he
said. In 10 of the % cities it was
less than S..
More than 100000 of all those
dismissed had no income what
ever in the two weeks preceding
the survey.
The most critical conditions were
experienced by those workers
nearly one-third of all those dis
missed-Who did not have private
jobs when interviewed in Novem-
ber, who were not returned to
WPA, and for whom no direct re-
lief was available, Colonel Har-
rington observed. Forty per cent OF
this group reported no income
whatever during a period of two
weeks before they were interview
ed.
The Phoenix index., 1940-02-03
The Globe Trotter
Bv cliff Maekay

into play in their respective countries.
The evil forces of starvation, insufficient clothing,
sum housing, peonage, racial persecution and dis
elimination in America have long played havoc with
a large percentage of people without the Hoo
vers and others now so industrially taking up the
plea fir Finnish aid, becoming excited about them.
FOUGHT AIDING AMERICANS
:. In fact it some of those who are now so
actively engaged in behalf of Finland, who fought
so hard to get through the last Congress the 1888
relief act that meant slicng the appropriation Tor
the Works Progress Administration and other New
Deal agence whose prime purpose was to give AID
to our own refugees in the present economic war
One wonders just what this group intends
to do about the report made this week by Col F. Z.
Harrington, WPA Commissioner. MIR. Harrington re-
ported that of the more than 775,OOO WPA given
"pink slips" last fall under the reduced approprla-
tion eighty-seven per cent yet have not md
work of any kind since their discharge. Twenty
eight per cent, he reported, of those now working
are actually receiving less than the minimum set up
by the Wages and Hours act Many being pald
less than SIS week on which to support family.
1t seems that this economically impoverished
third of nation" should be the first concern OF all
Americans, no matter how acute is the plight of
valiant little Finland.
How can Americans with good grace send mon
ey 5000 miles away when their people are in
the throes of starvation, when this zone third" re-
mains poorly housed and poorly clad?
WHY NOT AID ALL HUMANITY?
Do we actually have more faith in and hold
more sympathy for Finland than do own
American people? 1t so, judging from the re-
quest to loan the little republic thirty millions of
dollars while if such appropriation was suggested
to aid our own refugees" it would Immediately
meet stone wall of resistance from the reactonary
watch dogs of the treasury and federal budget
If Mr. Hoover and others assisting him in his
present drive for Finland truly sincere in their
avowed humanitarian efforts, their sympathy would
not limit itself to Finnish people, but would extend
to all the distressed peoples of the world, And
American refugees" should by all means come first.
The Phoenix index., 1940-02-03

WASHINGTON, d. C.-More
than 81 per cent of the 775,O0O
workers dropped from WPA rolls
during July and August under the
13-months dismissal clause of the
current appropriation act we're
without jobs in November, Colonel
= 9. Harrington, commissioner OF
thc, Work Projects Administration
repsrted to Representative Clifton
r. Woodrum of the House Appro-
Griations Committee.
Ia spite of the fact that their
disrnissals occurred during a period
Cf sharply rising industrial activity,
CClored Harrington said, less than
13 out of every 100 were found
to have jobs as much as three
mOiths after the layoff Approx
mately half of these, he added,
W-ie earning less than the security
wage they previously had earned
cu MPA. -.--..
More than three-fourths of these
Who had not returned to WPA in
November were subsisting on in
comes below their previous earn
The Phoenix index., 1940-02-03
Lehman GETS BILL
BANNING RACE BIAS

ALBANY, N. Y.-(S N S)-The
State Senate unanimously passed
and sent to Governor Lehman this
week an Assembly approved bill
to prohibit racial or religious dis
elimination by labor unions. The
bill is aimed at Jim Crow prac-
tees in unions.
Approval was expected from the
Governor, who last year vetoed
as "toc broad a measure to de-
prive discrimination unions of
their rights to protection of the
State Labor relations law. The
present measure makes it an Of
fense for the head of a union to
engaged in discrimination prac-
ticeS.
A resolution introduced in the
The Phoenix index., 1940-02-03
age Nationwide Poll For The Most DISTINGUISHED Neqro
Nominations
From All Over
Marion Pour In

NEW YORK (SNS)-The
nationwide poll to decide the
American Negro of distinguished
achievement, 1889" is nearing COM
bletion This poll is being conduct
Sd by the Schomburg Collection of
Iegro Literature and the New
York Association for the Study of
Negro Life and History. The re-
ults will be announced in a Spe-
bal radio broadcast and through
he press during Negro History
Week.
The purpose OF the survey IS to
discover the twelve outstanding
Negroes of the past year in terms
bI sheer merit, courage, and social
7alue to the race and humanity.
5eIt ctions will be made irrespective
'bf class, creed or location. Thus, a
abor leader in Texas stands on an
Pqual plane with the New York
artist. All known "Uncle Toms
shall be ruled out.
According to DR.. L. d. Reddick,
curator If the Schomburg Collec-
|tion, nominations have come in
|froni all over the country. Among
those sending in nominees are:
DR.. Charles S. Johnson, Fisk
University, William Patterson of
the WEEKLY RECORD, DR.. E
Franklin Frazier, Howard Univer-
|sity, Editor R. c. Barbour of the
BAPTIST VOICE.
Ralph N. Davis, Tuskegee Institute,
President John w. Davis, West
Virginia State College, Prof. M. B.
Tolson, Wiley College, Prof. Ira
|DeA, Reid Atlanta University,
President Horace Mann Bond, Ft.
Valley State College, DR.. Elmer S.
lines, Fisk University, Elmer A.
Carter, OPPORTUNITY, DR.. Char
les A. Petitioni, New York City,
Rev. A. Clayton Powell, Abyssinian
church, Prof. R. Nathaniel Dett of
Bennett College, Prof Harcourt A..
Tynes, New York City and Lang
ston Hughes now in California.
Claude A. Barnett Associated Ne
gro Press, Enoch P. Waters of the
CHICAGO DEFENDER, Editor /
Willis Cole. LOUISVILLE LEADER
Walter White, National Association
for the Advancement of Colored
People, Horace R. Cayton of the
Church of Good Shepard Com
nunity House, Prof. st. Clail
Drake, Elmer w. Henderson ot
Chicago, Ben Davis, Jr., of the
daily WORKER, Angelo Herndon
Editor Roy Wilkins of the CRISIS
President A. Phillip Randolph
Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Por'
ters, George S. Schuyler, PITTS
BURGH COURIER, Editor P. B
Young of the JOURNAL AMI
GUIDE, Wilson E. Williams, Lo
Angeles California, Editor Ear
Brown, AMSTERDAM NEWS, Dr
St. Elmo Brady, Fisk University
Dean David A. Lane, LOUISVILLE
Municipal College, DR.. Ambros
CaIiVer, U. S. Office of Education
Washington, D. G..
The Phoenix index., 1940-02-03
Physician Gets
Fifteen Years
For Operation

CHICAGO--(ANP) - DR.. Ernest
j. Martin, 50-year-old physician,
practitioner in Chicago Heights foi
more than 20 years, last week was
convicted of murder by abortion
and sentenced TO Is years In pris-
on. DR.. Martin was indicted Nov.
10, charged with causing the death
in 1887 of Mrs. Anna Balinski,
white, through an illegal operation.
Trial lasted four days. ending las
Friday morning.
The physician, who pleaded his
innocence, instituted proceedings
for a new trial through his attor-
neys, Claude w. B. Holman, Dud-
ley Thomas and DeFranz Williams
Little hope is held for his freedom,
however, as he is to be brought to
trial on another murder charge
connected with the fatal shooting
last summer of Mrs. Julia ODo-'
frio, another white resident OF
Chicago Heights, early in February
Bullets taken from the victims
body were found to have beer
fired from a gun owned by DR..
Martin.
Long a resident OF Chicago
Heights, Dr.. Martin figured prom
inently in the social and civic lie
of the Chicago suburb, and hac
attained considerable wealth in his
20 years of practice.
The Phoenix index., 1940-02-03
Hubert Sees
Opportunity
In Farming

ORANGEBURG, S. C.-(SNS)-
Addressing the annual meeting Of
Colored Farmers and farm leaders
at a. and T. college Friday, DR..
Benjamin F. Hubert, president of
Georgia State College, said:
"The finest and best opportuni-
ty for the masses of Negroes is on
the farm.
"The South offers to The Negro
farmer his Surest way to economic
independence We have cheap
land, an inviting climate and a
growing spirit OF federation and
goodwill on the part of our white
friends.
"A new day is dawning In the
South. The challenge is to you and
to me to get at the base of things
here ON the farms, and dignity Ia
Dor so that we and our people will
enjoy country life"
The Phoenix index., 1940-02-03

ing their present hour of distress Tiny Finland is
truly fighting the worldwide cause of democracy.
She in way symbolizes the last Northern outpost
of freedom on a continent, whose people for the
most part have been crushed beneath the ruthless
heels of ambition-crazed and power dictators.
WHAT ABOUT OUR REFUGEES
Nevertheless, despite our feelings in the mat
ter of the present conflict between the bear who
walks like a man. and the much smaller "athlete,
who fights like tiger" We feel duty bound to call
attention to the refugees closer to home. who need
aid in their equally bitter against the forces OF
starvation, privation and unequal economic oppor-
tunity
While we are developing such soft spots in our
hearts for the refugees of European shores,
should at least maintain semblance of SYM
pathy for those in just as dire circumstances who
live right here within borders
Americas refugees, dare say would equal
in number those who have been forced to flee the
cruel actions of dictators Here, it's true there
dictators to inflict inhuman DEGREES those
they dislike but Americas less fortunate have fall
len victim to economic and racial hatred forces which
have become cruel in creating human suffering
as those Hitler Stain and Mussolin have brought