davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Daily Alaska empire. [volume] (Juneau, Alaska) 1926-1964, 1940-10-08
Former Name
In Magazines
Heading Out

Helen Van Camper returned to
Alaska four years ago as former
Saturday Evening Post and movie
dialogue writer, an accomplished
auihoress of Broadway parlance.
Today, Helen Van Camper is
returning TO the States an tx
sourdough, to return to her writing
field in New York ito get enough
dough in the sock to come back
to Alaska"
Although six times married, and
as she admits, Some of them l
can't even remember" cne-time
Broadway prominent Helen Van
Camper intends to go south on a
fishing boat.
The thought of travelling south
as the only woman Oh small boat
doesn't bother her. AS far as men
gees. she says, 81 never take EN-
seriously"
Helen Van Camper, who has
spent the summer in the Fairbanks
section, came out over the Rich
ardson Highway to Valdez and
caught the Yukon there for Ju-
neau. While in this city she is a
guest at the Gastineau Hotel.
The Daily Alaska empire. [volume] (Juneau, Alaska) 1926-1964, 1940-10-08
ROME PAPER
SAYS AXIS
Will FIGHT
Warning Handed 10 United
States She Is Bidding
for War Abroad
Continued from rage One)

in the United States, the blocking
OF raw materials from Englands
enemies, the retaining of gold from
Europe beaten and occupied ma
liens and flnally, the Britlsh-Amer-
.can plan for joint naval bases
ARE more than violations of neu-
trality"
&c commentator asserted these
are true, genuine acts OF hcs1A-
ity."
So long as the joint naval air
bases were confined TO the Amefl-
can continent, the AppelUs writer
said the AXIS winked at them in
tribute to the principal of vital
space" but he asserted that talk
including Java and singapore, and
even Dakar' made implicit warn
ing IN the AXIS pact necessary.
The Daily Alaska empire. [volume] (Juneau, Alaska) 1926-1964, 1940-10-08
THOMAS DAVIES
IS BELIEVED 10
HAVE TAKEN LIFE
Former Head Of Plumbing
Firm Is Missing at
KetChikan

KETCHIKAN, Alaska, Oct. o. -
Fears that Thomas Davies, 49,
has suicided are expressed by MS
friends after Davies has been
missing since last Friday.
Davies is the former proprietor
of a plumbing company and re-
tired a number of years ago.
He had been respondent recently
according to his friends.
Davies was born in Wales ana
belonged to the Juneau Elks Lodge
until the Ketchikan Lodge was Or
ganized when he became a charter
member.
The Daily Alaska empire. [volume] (Juneau, Alaska) 1926-1964, 1940-10-08

programs for the achievement of
higher skills.
Training compensation for the
employees will not be necessary
provided the program is entirely
voluntary, and is aimed at Civ
ing the workers an entirely new
skill. The training course must be
scheduled outside of regular work.
ing hours and no productive work
may be performed during the per-
iod.
The Daily Alaska empire. [volume] (Juneau, Alaska) 1926-1964, 1940-10-08
HEADS BAR GROUP

U. S. Commissioner Thomas c.
Price, and veteran Anchorage at
torney, has been elected president
of the Anchorage Bar Association.
The Daily Alaska empire. [volume] (Juneau, Alaska) 1926-1964, 1940-10-08
ALASKA JUNEAU
PROFITS GROW
IN SEPTEMBER
Increase Shown Over Aug
ust But Decrease Re-
veaIed, 9 Months

SAN FRANCISCO, Cal, Oct. g.
The Alaska Juneau Juneau Gold
Mining Company estimated the
September profit, less income tax,
depletion and depreciation, at $1l3,-
500 compared to $97500 in August.
The profit for nine months this
year is given at $91l,60 compared
to 1855, 200 for the first nine
months last year.
The Daily Alaska empire. [volume] (Juneau, Alaska) 1926-1964, 1940-10-08

DID. Dance. Douglas Nat. Oct.
IL. adv.
The Daily Alaska empire. [volume] (Juneau, Alaska) 1926-1964, 1940-10-08
ATTENTION o. L. STAR

ATTENTION q. 7. NTNk
Regular business meeting Ju-
neau Chapter No. 7, Tuesday, Oct.
9 at pm Special entertainment
by visiting members.
MILDRED WYLLER,
Worthy Matron.
FLORENCE CAKES,
adv. Secretary.
EIkS PUZZLE BUBBLE BALL,
SATURDAY, OCTOBER 10. adv.
The Daily Alaska empire. [volume] (Juneau, Alaska) 1926-1964, 1940-10-08
Two Filters
Are Killed,
! pIaneCrash
Two-Seafer Army Attack
Plane Hits Mountain
side in Utah

SALT LAKE CITY, Utah, Oct.
ARMY filters, tentatively identi-
fed as Second Lieutenant James
Mathor Of Salt Lake City, and
Private Homer Lloyd of Montana,
we're cremated in the crash OF a
twc-seater attack plane into the
m9untain5ide of the Wasatch range.
One of the fliers lived after the
crash but forest crews were unable
to pull him from the Wreckage be-
cause Of the intense heat OF the
flamc5.
The Daily Alaska empire. [volume] (Juneau, Alaska) 1926-1964, 1940-10-08
BUSY YEAR ON
YUKON REPORTED
BY J. ]. HILlARD
Deputy Customs Collector
Here After Closing
Eagle Office

busy navigation season on the
Yukon this year is reorted by j..
j. .Hlllard, Deputy Collector III
Charge of Customs at Eagle. Hlllard
arrived here Gu the steamer Yukon,
having spent a week at SkagWay
after the Eagle office was closed.
Freight traffic was heavier this
year than it has been for the past
five years. Hillard said. Passenger
travel fell off Slightly, but was
considered good in view of the war.
billiard Will spend few days III
the Juneau Customs office before
going to Wrangell to relieve the
deputy collector for vacation.
The Daily Alaska empire. [volume] (Juneau, Alaska) 1926-1964, 1940-10-08

Try a classified ad in The Emplrr
The Daily Alaska empire. [volume] (Juneau, Alaska) 1926-1964, 1940-10-08
HIGHER SKILL
TRAINING IS
GIVEN BOOST
WAGE and Hour Division
Lifts One Require
ment on Workers

WASHINGTON, Oct. 8. = The
Wage and Hour Division announces
lifting of the requirement that in
dustrial workers be paid for at
tendance at special employee train
ing programs. The change was
made to encourage such training
The Daily Alaska empire. [volume] (Juneau, Alaska) 1926-1964, 1940-10-08
PATTY IN ATLlN

Dean Patty, member of the Uni
versity of Alaska faculty, recently
visited the Atlin district in the in
terests of Gen. A. D. McRae, who
will probably operate large piece
OF placer ground.
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1940-03-28
CLEMENTS

Veronica Wohlford and Norman
Bowers of Sioux Falls spent the
weekend with Mr.. and Mrs. B. H.
Wohlford.
Mrs. Alfred Johnson and Mrs.
M. F. Christensen accompanied
Mrs. William Johnson and Minnie
of Shutdown to New Ulm Tues
day.
Mr.. and Mrs. Richard Clements
were Monday evening business
callers at Redwood Falls.
Mrs. Emma Klause, Erwin and
Evaline, Mrs. Ida Raddatz and
Arnold Klause were Wednesday
callers at New Ulm and in the
evening were visitors of Mrs.
Lillian Rohde in Eden.
Mrs, M. F. Christensen and
Mrs. Alfred Johnson accompanied
Mr.. and Mrs. o. ". Routine of
Gilfillan to LIE Sueur where they
visited Mr.. and Mrs. E. c. Meier
bachtol Wednesday.
Herbert Mattke of Morgan is
spending Easter vacation with Mr..
and Mrs. L. H. Raddatz.
VISIT TWIN CITIES
Mr.. and Mrs. Roy Brandt,
Donna Clements and Ivan Bloc
dow spent Thursday in the Twin
Cities. Donna stayed at the Ken
meth Anderson home in st. Paul
until Sunday when she returned
here with Mr.. and Mrs. Anderson
and Mr.. and Mrs. H. j. ChriSten-
sen, also of st. Paul. Mr.. and Mrs.
Anderson visited Mrs. Anderson's
mother, Mrs. Louise Clements and
the Christensen's visited Mrs. M.
F. Christensen.
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1940-03-28

is not with her husband in house
hold duties, marketing and car
ing for the two children.
The Deweys' social activity for
merly consisted of attending con-
certs and the theater, and dining
with friends. In recent years,
Dewey's double-barreled activi-
ties in politics and prosecution
has made this impossible.
Recent attendance at the pre-
smiere of the movie, "Pinocchio,"
was the first time, says Mrs.
Dewey, that she and her husband
had been able to devote an eve
ming to their own recreation in
months.
Fifth Avenue Home
The DeWeys live now in a
large but not ostentatious apart
ment on Fifth Avenue, selected SO
that the boys might have the run
of Central Park across the street.
Tommy, this year, was started in
private school, chosen because of
its emphasis on handicraft. The
Deweys believe firmly an impor-
tant part of a child's education is
in learning to use his hands.
For years now, Mrs. Dewey's
extra household duties have con-
sisted of reading and briefing
magazine and newspaper articles
and books for her husband. She
also helps him with his speeches,
times them, often makes Sugges-
tions which are adopted. A grand
piano in the corner of a spacious
living room goes untouched for
days and weeks now. And vocal
harmonizing is almost a thing of
the past.
Dewey's plunge into the nation
al political arena has brought his
wife and family into the picture.
Frankly, Mrs. Dewey doesn't care
for it. Not at all ungracious in
her dealings with the press, Mrs.
Dewey refuses to make any dec
larations concerning matters ma
tional or international.
She Won't Talk
"That's Toms business" she
says simply. whatever public
office he holds will, / am sure, de-
mand sacrifices, and l am, as l
have always been, prepared to
meet them. But / don't feel that
it would require my making pub
lie announcements on every mat
ter under the SUM-"
Although Dewey has received
many threatening letters and his
prosecution of racketeers and
gangsters has been considered
dangerous by many, the family
has never had a guard.
Mrs. Dewey explains it in a
simple statement of faith which
her husband shares with her that
no harm comes to those who do
their duty in fighting the forces
of evil.
For relaxation and getting
away from it ALL" the Deweys
have, for several years, rented
farm near Pawling, N. Y. Last
fall they bought the place and
stocked it with herd of cows.
Mrs. Dewey is busy now supervis-
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1940-03-28
BY JACK STINNETT

Nh SRta4S NJ ~ w A1tOl
New York = Harmony brought
Mr.. and Mrs. Thomas E. Dewey
together and although nine of
their IL years of married life
have been spent in the limelight,
their private life still is an almost
perfect Interpretation of that old
American classic, Home, Sweet
Home"
It's a quartet now, of course,
since Tommy, Jr. Gage y, and
Johnny Gage a have made their
bows.
In recent weeks, Papa Dewey
has been striving, with one hand,
to get the Republican bandwagon
to play Dewey Is Our Leader"
while continuing to drum gang
sters and racketeers out of New
York with the other. But that
hasn't thrown the family har-
nony off-key.
Probably most of the present
accord is due to the efforts of Mrs.
Dewey, a small, quiet, attractive
woman in her middle thirties who
chucked overheard a promising
singing career which already had
established her as a musical COM
edy prima donna to become Mrs.
Thomas Edmund Dewey, wife of
a hopeful but unknown young
lawyer.
Mrs. Dewey, under the stage
name Frances Hoyt, was prima
donna of the road company of
George Whites Scandals" and
was cast in the same role in the
John Murray Anderson show
which opened the Paramount
Theater in New York and toured
the Paramount circuit.
Studies Voice
The Deweys met in Chicago.
Frances Eileen HUT, already
known and lauded as a mezzo-
soprano and musician in her ma
tive Sherman, Texas, and in Sa-
pulpa, Okla, where she lived for
some years, had gone to Chicago
as secretary and star pupil of
voice-teacher Percy Rector Ste
phens. There, also, had gone Tom
Dewey, the Owosso, Mich, youth,
whose interest in notes musical
rather than legal had won him a
scholarship from the University
of Michigan to study with Ste
phenS.
During the summer of 1923,
Dewey accepted an invitation
from a Chicago lawyer named
Reid to enter the latter's office
and begin reading in the law. By
the end of the summer, young
Dewey had definitely decided in
favor of the bar.
Five years later, in 1928, the
Deweys were married. Dewey
then was practicing civil law in
New York downtown office. His
income was modest. So was the
small Manhattan apartment in
which the couple set up house,
keeping. Mrs. Dewey did all her
own work. Even now, though the
family income no longer needs
such careful budgeting, Mrs.
Dewey devotes all of the time she
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1940-03-28
turned to Fairfax with her broth

turned to Fairfax with her broth
er.
Mr.. and Mrs. Arnie Hammer
meister and children moved from
the Fl. F. Schroeder residence to a
house on the Joseph Hooker farm
last week.
Mr. and Mrs. Wenzel Mages
moved from their farm and are
settled in their new residence OPP
posite DR.. w. E. Johnson's home.
Mr.. ard Mrs. j. A. Seibel Of
Montrose and Anita Seibel of the
Hopkins school faculty were
guests of DR.. and Mrs. w. E..
johnson Saturday.
Gerald and Lucille Green re-
turned to WatertoWn, S. D. We'd
nesday after spending two weeks
at the H. N. Reding home and
with other relatives.
Meta Sorenson who teaches at
Duluth spent her Easter vacation
with her mother, Mrs. Chris Scr
enson.
Mr.. ard Mrs. Erwin Kafnholz
and Esther, Mabel and Doris
Kamhclz of Luck, Wis. visited Mr..
and Mrs. Gus Kannholz from Sat-
urday until Monday.
Mr.. and Mrs. Raymond Reding
and family were dinner guests at
the Arno.i Kramer home at Sea-
forth.
Henry C. Abel, father of Mrs.
w. j. Frank, Calvin Abel and
Gertrude Weidmann of Jackson,
Wis. were guests of Rev. and Mrs.
w. j. Frank Monday.
A. S. Melvold, Stanley Nielsen
and Kenneth Nielsen of Fairfax
called at Morgan on their way to
Clemsnts Monday.
Mr.. and MRS. w. A. Welder and
Mrs. Allie Welder Myrtle Butch
err with Betty Welder of West
wood, California. visited Earl
Butchsr Monday. Mrs. Welder is
sister of Mrs. Butcher. She and
her husband lived here at one
time. Mr.. and Mrs. Henry Weld
er, her fathsr-in-law and mother
in-law now live in Oregon.
Emma Mattill of Pipestone was
an overnight guest of Evelyn Pol
lard Thursday on her way from
Pipestone to Minneapolis. Miss
Pollard rsturned to Pipestone
Monday after spending the week
end with her parents, Mr.. ana
Mrs. F. S. Pollard.
Mr.. and Mrs. David B. Symes
and David and Jean with Mabel
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1940-03-28
SOCIAL SECURITY
BOARD HAS WAGE
RECORDS ON FILE
(Fifteenth of a Series)

IltSGIltIl VI a S6T16SJ
The federal old-age insurance
system is similar to other insur-
ance plans. The worker pays a
tax, and so does his employer, to
help pay the costs of the benefits
which the worker will receive. In
ether words, he pays premium
on what might be called an in
surarlce policy, which will pay
benefits to him when he is IS or
over and TO his family if he
should die.
The old-age insurance tax paid
by the worker is one per cent of
his wages and for the employer it
IS also one per cent of the work.
cr'c wages. The employer deducts
enc per cent from the workers
wages and sends that with his
own one per cent wage tax to the
federal government. The law pro-
vides that the employer shall give
each worker receipt for the
taxes he takes out of his pay. He
must furnish such receipt at least
cnce year or whenever a worker
leaves his employ.
Nearly 47,000,000 workers now
have accounts with the social
security board. Each workers ac-
count contains a record of his
wages as reported by his employ
CT every three months.
II worker has reason to be-
lieve that a mistake has been
made in his wage record or that
all of his wages have not been re-
ported. he should request from
the social security board state
ment of his wage total. Discrep-
ancies which may thus be found
in any wage earner's record will
be corrected by the board.
Any worker can get a post card
request form at the local office of
the social security board All he
has to- do is fiji IN THIS form and
mail it to the board at Redwood
Falls, which will send him a
statement showing the wages
credited to his account.
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1940-03-28

pital was realized when Doctors
Pease and Finn awarded the
contract for the building to John
Schilt. = Redwood Falls voted
$1,000 for a new city hall by
large majority. = c. A. Luscher,
Louis Sommers and A. d. McRae
were elected officers of the Red
wood Falls Baseball club.-Rev.
N. de M. Darrell was chairman
and A. E. King secretary of a
committee to circulate petition
throughout Redwood county for a
special election on the liquor OPP
ton question.-Opal Helen Mos
Ter and Herbert A. VIM were
married.-A large crowd attended
the golden wedding celebration of
Mr.. and Mrs. John klucking at
the Fred Prail home near Revere.
w. c. Meyer of Shutdown had a
new lighting system put in his
house and barn.-John Ruder was
erecting a large, convenient and
up-toldate dwelling on his farm
southeast of Delhi-Joe Pistulka
of Seaforth bought a Chevrolet
roadster from NJ. c. Hirmer.-A
new safe weighing 200 pounds
was installed at the Palace Dry
Goods store.
so YEARS AGO
Joseph Larkin dropped out of
high school to teach school, Ely
George left his two dogs and the
shoe store with his father while
he visited at Pipestone. - A. L.
Bolts of Granite Rock township
felt certain his venture in sheep
was a paying one.-H. Graban's
new store was an ornament to
Vernon avenie in Morgan. Aug
ust Knipple was expected home
from Hot Springs, Arkansas.
Clarence Moon bought 80 acres of
j. D. Husted's land in Paxton for
S11.50 per acre. "A so day dead
lock over the marriage license is
sue was broken when John Wich-
mann and Bertha Bot of Charles
town were duly lined" by Squire
March. framework of new
lumber in front of the village Jail
doomed up as grim object lesson
for all. 1t hid the gallows of Will
liam Rose. - The junior baseball
club re-organized with the fol-
lowing members: Charles Lusch-
er, George Dickinson, Eugene
Drake, George French, Ed Lus-
cher, Harry Bailey, Zeph Sears,
George Carroll, Bert Rollins and
Willis Geraldson.-The Star pos
tai service from Florita to North
Redwood was discontinued. The
Union Sunday School at the Tur-
rell schoolhouse elected A. N.
Hills, superintendent and Herbert
McCauley, secretary treasurer.
It was pretty certain that Stanley
Bissell, Charles and Wilbur Chol-
lar, Frank Clayson, Ada Rollins
and Grace Root would receive
high school diplomas at the end
Of the term.
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1940-03-28
THEIR CAMPAIGN SPEECHES MAKE

THEIR CAMPAIGN SPEECHES MAKE
us wonder why so many men want to be
president of nation that's facing ruin" or
already ruined"
Q
WISCONSIN'S CIGARET TAX WENT
into effect six months ago; has amazed the
legislature by the amount of revenue it's
producing. Sounds like good way of bal
ancing the budget-to US pipe smokers.
JAY GOULD SAYS IAN EXPERT is
you or away from home,'' which strikes us
as a pretty fair definition. However the
Snowman qualities more often than most of
us; he's away from home more.
GOVERNOR sTAssEN CAN SCRATCH
one from his list of worries. Mayor Leach
of Minneapolis, once gubernatorial aspir-
ant, holds the only office to which he could
be elected in this state.
HAMLINE UNIVERSITY HAS A
student named Patrick Henry What's more
he is debater. We hope he is never called
upon to say ''Give me liberty or give me
DEATH"
SENATOR vANDENBERGs CAM
paign for the Republican presidential NOM
lHdIlOll Is CdlCu CIlG dIluCllUCIS tuONC-
ment." Sounds a bit like a new dance, but
dances aren't new in politics. The New Deal
at times has had some of the elements of the
shimmy.
THE WEST HOTEL, MINNEAPOLIS,
is being wrecked. Owners believe park
ing lot on the property will be more profit
able than the building, worth thousands of
dollars, which they are destroying. Taxes
were the deciding factor. 1t is serious in
dictment of our tax system.
WITH DAILY NEWSPAPER columns
devoted to Europe's troubles, we hadn't
missed them but apparently there has been
quite dearth of airiiner crashes in the news
recently. During the year just completed,
no commercial airline lost life or seriously
injured a passenger. Flying has come long
way since the Wright brothers took off in
their flying machine go much farther.
A MINNEAPOLIS POLICE OFFICER,
charged with neglect of duty, failed to take
the stand in his own behalf in the recent
vice trial. Under the law the prosecuting
attorney could not mention to the jury the
defendants failure to testify. The legisla-
ture has consistently refused to grant this
PERMISSION, S1LnOugn the puDilc and eSpe-
cially the law enforcing authorities can't see
why the accused should enjoy such .advant-
age. When a policeman charged with neg
lect of duty refuses to take the stand, ex-
plain his position and submit to cross exa-
mination, it raises presumption of guilt.
Minneapolis should not keep on its police
force any officer who is afraid to defend his
actions on the witness stand. Such conduct
is inconsistent with the duty of policeman
Springfield Advance-Press.
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1940-03-28

1T Is A GENERALLY ACCEPTED LE-
gend that the "tin-Lizzy" and "tin-Henry"
Jokes of couple of decades ago put Henry
Ford in the front ranks of automobile man.
ufacturers. Mae West jokes, of more recent
vintage but please don't spring any more of
them, no doubt helped that young womans
box office.
But the WPA, butt of many wisecrack
in recent years. hasn't been in position to
cash in on the publicity. Although there
was an element of truth in the shovel-lean-
ing anecdotes, some injustice has been done
by them both to the men so employed and
the directors of the program.
1t is interesting in light of this fact to
look over the list of Improvements which
have accrued from made work, in this COM
munity and in others throughout the nation.
1t is improbable, for example, that Red
wood Falls would have had such an ade-
quate and up-to-date athletic field by 1850
without the WPA program. Redwood coun-
ty roads are far ahead of what might have
been expected without the federal contribu-
ton in emergency" employment. Wherever
communities actively sought benefits, they
appear to have obtained them.
There has been room for criticism
projects not WC-t1 the time or money; lax
IoEGIAel W. died TO deal properly with
lOaIGrs; I-,-.-.---y@ which served to keep
men On Fy2A WHO might have been employed
elaewhere-Juo tie program has been far
better than = ~--5 system.
IT Is --.- AR TO CUSS TRUCK
drivers, g2I---us--J hose who crowd the
center line, as sure OF their right-of-way as
a $50 pound fullback, but the statistics are
on the truckers side. Fourteen per cent of
the vehicles in Minnesota are trucks, yet
they were involved in only II per cent of the
accidents last year. Arguing with truck,
!, however, has some of the elements of dis
sputing with locomotive. Where one fatality
. resulted in every rs accidents involving mo-
, tor cars, one IN Is Of the truck accident vic
tins GuCcumbed.
A PROPHET MAY LACK PRESTIGE
in his home stamping grounds but not so the
basketball team that has cleaned up the
home team Springfield Advance-Press went
out on the limb farther than most when it
called Redwood Falls San almost certain
winner" over Tracy last week. Now the
Redwood Falls fans admit to good many
lunches" that Tracy is just the team to
upset Mountain Lake.
CONGRESSMAN ANDERSEN OF THE
seventh district figures it would be better
business to fire two members of the National
Labor Relations board whose work isn't sat-
isfactory than to authorize the appointment
of two more so that with the one satisfactory
member, they can nullify the others infiu-
ence. His solution sounds logical.
MANY A MAN, SAYS A TEXAS COM
mentator, keeps his nose to the grndstone
SO his wife can turn up hers at the neigh
bors.-Thief River Falls Times.
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1940-03-28
Close Harmony Prevails in Home
OF the Singing Thomas E.. DeUeys

ing the remodelling of the old
colonial farmhouse and in fur
ilishing it from scratch.
The months they spent there
convinced both Tommy, Jr., and
Johnny that they have di-cove-cd
their life ambitions.
Tommy, asked if he planned to
be a lawyer when he grew up,
said: 'No, farmer. I'm going to
raise cows, oats, hay and ma
nure."