davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1940-10-13

Defense" Patriotism" they were the
words men turned to in 1915 when they were
worried. And the reason = hard to understand in
today.
They were the unifying words.
The United States at the turn of the 1905, had
been uncertain, divided, torn by factional strife.
We had got into a war. We had gone into it badly
prepared And in the first years of that war discord.
and again our armies in the North had taken dis
graceful beatings through sheer, pigheaded insist
ence upon little points that blinded them to the
real, common interest of the country. Generals
wranged with each other and let the British do as
they pleased. On occasion the New York militia
sat on one side of the St. Lawrence River and
watched the regulars on the other side take bloody
drubbing from the British - because they were not
bound to leave the state.
IT WAS not until the later years of the war -
when our Treasury was nearly empty. our ports
blockaded, ships penned up. shores ravaged.
our Capitol burned and the Union in imminent
danger" = that the country, stung with humilia
ton, came to its senses. Then they shelved their
lesser differences for the time being, and con-
oentrated on the big things they could agree on:
Liberty" Rights" u. Freedom"
Defense" 8. =. . Patriotism"
The old words of the Revolution came to life once
more as threatened people remembered their vital
meaning A nation that had gone weak regained its
Evening star., 1940-10-13
BITTER AMERICA
WANTED: THE OLD WATCHWORDS
by Robert Keith Leavin

= YHEN was small boy had the run of a
w great old country house in which genera
w tions of people had lived and died and left
behind them the things that had given them
pleasure. In ancient desks, still aromatic of snuff
and sealing wax, there were broken watches old
letters favorite penholders and few folded copies
of newspapers from the seafarng town of Portland,
Maine Their date lines read 1915 and 1916.
And great sport it was, on a day of lashing
eastery storms. to curl up in chair by the stove
and read in those papers the news of long vanished
day when the country was young and the ships with
futtering flags came sailing home, bearing cargoes
of "Cassimeres. Cinnamon, Tamarinds, Bergamot
and Sweet -Flavored West Indies Rum" The Bar
barry pirates were cutting up; new islands were
being discovered in the Indian Ocean; sea serpent
had been seen off Gloucester .
Maine wanted to cut loose from Massachusetts,;
people were going west greatly to the indignation
of stay at -homes) there much to-do over how
many stripes to have in the flag Republicans were
calling Federalists vpers, and being called toadS in
return. Affairs abroad were in alarming shape.
The editorials and letters about these things
showed very clearly what concerned people in 1915.
Through them ran drumming, insistent theme.
These were words that occurred again and again:
Liberty" . . . Rights Freedom" -. De
fense" . . Patriotism"
The words had curious ring in the early twen-
tieth century, Even to small boy who thrilled to
them in an armchair. they were discernible as
antiques, to be brought out in peaceful age only
Evening star., 1940-10-13

they see things In free country that is their priv
lege and their duty. 1t is what makes a country
free.
But in order that nation may exist to be free
it is essential that differences of opinion shall not
paralyze it.
There are two ways to handle such differences.
One is to crush them by force. That is the way in
totalitarian countries and it makes them strong if
not free.
The other way is to harmonic differences of
opinion in relation to bigger things which everybody
can agree are worth preserving at any cost. That
breeds determination that makes nation both
strong and free. For there fighters like free
men resolved upon the ideals within their common
ground of agreement.
And that ground now as 125 years ago. may very
we'll be staked out by the old watchwords Liberty
:. Rights" 80. . Freedom" Defense"
Patriotism"
Evening star., 1940-10-13

strength IN unity.
From that moment, things began to
60 well. Perry and Harrison cleaned up
in the West, Maodonough and Brown
in the North, Jackson in the South.
The aroused country won a ueditable
peace. 1t is no wonder that the men of
1915 set great store by the watchwords
that had pulled their country together
and brought it through.
People intelligent people - always
differ in opinion according to the way
Evening star., 1940-10-13

unfold the yellowed pages to the international news
of 1876
Madison was President Monroe already being
talked about as his successor. In Europe, the
Napoleonic Wars had come to a bloody close.
Bonaparte was reported "at near St. Helena"
Europe was in terrible state: the wreck of nations
and the horrors of despotism France degraded to
a state of wretchedness unparalleled except in
Poland" QIow familiar those words soundD
MEN were just returning from our war with
England The Capitol at Washington was black with
the marks of an invaders torch. We had been on
the winning side but only by squeak. And people
were alarmed: ''Of all the nations on the earth,
Governor Galusha of Vermont wrote, the United
States, alone. are left to support government
whose basis is equal liberty and >. the will of
the people
Liberty" =. Rights" -. Freedom" -.
Evening star., 1940-10-13

~
HAT. Just in case you wondered, we hasten
to assure you that the young lady on THIS
WEEKS cover does not smoke pipe The
pipe which tops her jaunty little hat is SIM
ply a decoration placed there by Designer
John Frederics, of New York. He calls this
his "pipe-of-peace" hat and guarantees that
it will help the wearer to keep her escort in
rare good humor. Mr. Frederics has used
many familiar objects in his hat-designing
career Among them are toy bicycles, knitting
needles and balls of wool.
DIVER. Don't miss THIS WEEKS article on
dive bombing by Lieutenant Commander
Don F. Smith. When the author says he likes
being dive bomber, he isn't fooling. At
Brooklyns Floyd Bennett Field, where he is
now Commanding Officer of the Naval Re-
serve Air Base. people will tell you that he is
the f1yingest CO. they ever had. He hates to
stick to desk when there's flying to be done.
Some weeks ago the Navy asked him to send
bomber out to meet the refugee ship
Iroquois, which, the Germans said, was going
to be sunk in a plot to gain U. S. sympathy. 1t
meant flying far out to sea in land plane and
stretching its flight range to capacity Lieu
tenant Commander Smith got into his flying
togs - and took off on the dangerous mission
himself People who saw him said he looked
like schoolboy who had just got an un-
expected excuse to get out of school.
BARGAIN While in the Sudan, Colonel A. J.
Macnab wanted to buy camel bell for a
souvenir He went right to the native drivers
and they, with many gestures told him the
price was "one shilling Not having shilling.
he gave them an American quarter. Soon he
was deluged with hundreds of bells - all of
which he refused. Then came the offer that
for two shillings they would throw in the
camel! Through an interpreter, the Colonel
nnally discovered CndC Cne only EuSllSIl WOlQ
the natives knew for money was shilling"
and they thought that meant penny.
NEWS! Monkeys is der cwaziest people"'
For years that has been the slogan of Lew
Lehr, newsreel comedian. But now we have
important news Lew has changed his mind -
he has discovered something even cwazier
than monkeys. In a coming issue he tells
THIS WEEK readers all about it, in one of the
funniest articles you have ever read. M.
tsa&4.s,taksAs1...t,k,.
Evening star., 1940-10-13

on the Fourth of July, when people
could forget the serious business of life
and listen to bands and orators.
But now those words look different.
They begin to sound natural once
again. Read them in their context and
you can see that they are the watch
words of a troubled and an anxious
time.
A packet of the old Portland papers
lies before me as write, and the smell
of printers ink comes family to me as |
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-12-28
JUSTICE HUGHES
ACCEPTS CITATION
Says tRancor And Bigotry'
Are Deadly Enemies Of
True Democracy

WASHINGTON, Dec. 27.-R-
Chief Justice Hughes asserted to-
day that ''rancor and bigotry,
racial animosities and intolerance
are '"the deadly enemies of true
democracy"
He made this statement in &C.
cepting a citation from the nation.
al conference of Christians and
Jews which praised his "contribu.
ton to the Improvement of human
relations and advocacy of ma
tional unity"
The chief justice, together with
the late Newton D. Baker, of
Cleveland and the late DR.. S.
Parkes Cadman of Brooklyn, or
gained the national conference N
1928. He was chosen to receive the
citation by a group of national
leaders.
Speaking at a private ceremony
at his home after officials of the
conference had presented It h e
award, the chief justice said:
IT wish that Newton Baker and
DR.. Cadman were here to share
with us the privilege of this &C.
casion. You have very generously
referred to my part in tie found
ing of this national conference and
I am deeply grateful that I had
Continued on Page Three; Col. y
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-12-28
100 CARPENTERS HIRED
Foundation For Firing Cen
ter's Administration
Building Laid

HOLLY RIDGE, Dec. 27.-Two
hundred nor men were put to
work on the Wilmington Anti-Air-
craft Firing Center here today,
bringing the total now engaged on
the project to 1,400.
The new workmen included 100
common laborers and 100 carpen-
ters.
George N. Everett, in charge Of
the North Carolina State Employ
ment Service office here, esti-
mated. today that construction
work on the camp should be at a
greatly accelerated pace next
week.
Foundation Laid
The foundation for the admin
stration building, which will be To-
Gated in the center of the Army
camp, was laid today. The build
ing is 125 feet by 100 feet and is
the first building to be started on
the camp proper.
Approximately 20 buildings, to
be used as temporary offices, have
been completed and are now oc-
by the employment office,
contractors, engineers, time-keep-
ers, foremen and others connected
with the building of the camp.
Most of the streets through the
base have been laid out and
are now ready for the pouring of
concrete.
Considerable more heavy equip
ment to be used in the construction
of the $40, Ooo, 600 camp and adj
ditional materials arrived today.
The Tide Water Power company
has completed its power lines into
the back of the camp site. Four
telephones are now in operation
here and the Atlantic Coast Line
Railroad is making good progress
in the building of storage and spur
tracks.
Sixteen new buildings to house
business places r now
CONTINUED on Page Three: Col. ~
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-12-28
Walter Williamson Dies
In Accident
Keuand Says America
Attacked By Hysteria

NEW YORK, Dec. 27.-(R-
Clarence Burlington Kelland, au-
thor, in a statement released
by the No Foreign War commit
tee said tonight that the people
of the United States were "be-
ing worked upon adroitIy by The
printed word, by pictures, by
the air waves, to make us ready
to accept foreign war when it
comes"
1--WE are being frightened"
the statement said. 1--WE are be-
ing attacked by waves of hys-
terra. We are having DOGGY men
dangled before our eyes,"
Kelland added that "the No
Foreign War committee must
show our people which of these
DOGGY men are filled with saw
dust. There is but one way to
beat insidious propaganda and
that is with truth"
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-12-28
l7-BILLI0N BUDGET
DRAFTED F.D.R
Estimate For Coming Fiscal
Year Includes 10 Billions
For Arms Program

WASHINGTON, Dec. IT, R -
president Roosevelt was reported
authoritatively tonight to have
drafted a SIT, 600, 900, 900 budget for
the coming fiscal year, including
$40, OO0, 600, 600 for the armament
program.
The President was said to have
settled major details of the budget
shortly after he told reporters at
a press conference that Budget Di-
rector Harold D. Smith was COM
ing to the White House with the
latest figures.
The $40, 600, 600. 900 armament es-
innate was double that of the cur
CONTINUED on Page Three; Col. s.
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-12-28
|PETAIN PROPOSALS
GIVEN TO GERMANY
Nazis Have Not Answered
His Suggestions On Co.
operation, However

VICHY, France, Dec. 27.-tR-
Informed French sources reported
today Marshal Petain's suggestions
on how France and Germany could
cooperate had been given the Ma
zis but that no reply had b e e n
forthcoming, apparently because Of
the German feeling that the "pres-
ent atmosphere is unpropitious."
The old MarshaPs proposals
were carried to Paris by Naval
Minister Admiral Jean Darlan who
conferred with Otto Abetz, Adolf
Hitler's representative, and "other
high German personalities"
Diplomatic advices reaching
Bern, Switzerland, said Darlan had
presented to Hitler himself a let
ter from Petain at a meeting some
where in occupied France north Of
Paris. Hitler was on the French
coast yesterday and Christmas
day, Berlin reported.
(These advices said it was I'M
derstood Petain's communication
conveyed to Hitler both assurance
of the chief Of states desire. to
continue French-G German collabora-
ton and an explanation of his re-
fusal to take Pierre Laval, former
vice-premier and foreign minister,
back into his cabinet.)
Informed quarters said no Ger
man reply was expected at least
until after the new year holiday.
The German attitude was said here
to be that it is up to France to
do something to win back German
confidence. 1
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-12-28
TIDE WATER HEAD
TO ARRIVE SOON
N. E. Drexler, OF Newport
News, Is Elected Presi-
dent OF Company

N. E. Drexler, of Newport News,
Va, who yesterday was elected
president of the Tide Water Power
company, is expected to arrive in
Wilmington within the next + W
days.
His election was made effective
January /. He will be accompanied
here by Mrs. Drexler and their
daughter.
Drexler was chosen at a meeting
of the utility's board of directors
in the Tide Water building yester-
day. HI succeeds Miles Cary, who
resigned about two months ago.
Vice-president and general man.
ager of the Newport News Power
company, and vice-president OF the
Virginia Public Service company
of Alexandria,, Va, Drexler has
resided in Newport News S c e
1912. He is a graduate of Rens-
selaer university.
The Tide Water directors also
named the new. president a mem
Der of the board
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-12-28

He laid the attack directly
to the enemy" obviously
meaning Germany, said Nauru
was completely undefended
and ''the enemy knows this
fact, which removes any justi-
fication for his action"
Furthermore, he charged,
the attack ''is a greater crime
because it was made under
neutral co'7rs. The raider at
tackled under a Japanese name
and Japanese colors-those of
a country with whom we are
at peace"
lin London, it was said a
German raider has been Oper-
ating in the Western Pacific.)
Australian officials did not
attempt to explain the raiders
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-12-28
Camp Construction Force
Increased To 1,400 Men
Capital Woman Held
After Mate Is Slain

WASHINGTON, Dec. 27.-@
Mrs. Margaret E. Jones, SO, re-
NAMED unmoved today at
an inquest at which a corOner's
jury recommended she be de.
tanned for a grand jury inves-
tigation into the death of her
husband, Theodore, 81.
Police found Jones dying OLA
stab wound in the chest when
they entered the couples apart
ment building Christmas eve in
response to neighbors' telephone
calls.
Detective Sergeant John w.
Wise testified that there was a
blOOd-stained butcher knife in the
kitchen, broken pieces of glass
were found in the apartment and
the telephone receiver had been
cut from its connection.
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-12-28
Oil
Says y Men
Lost
Officials Assume Ship Went
Down Near Freetown
On December Fl
N. {. SEAMEN ABOARD
Left The West Indies On
Dec. S For British
Colony In Africa ,

NEW YORK, Dec. 81 Up Tho
session tanker, Charles Pratt,
carrying an American crew of AZ,
was sunk Dec, 21 with the probable
loss of % lives, the Standard Oil Co.,
of New Jersey announced tonight.
The ship, owned by the Panama
Transport Co., a subsidiary Of Stand
ard Oil, flew the flag of Panama.
Company officials said they had
received no details as to the locale or
cause of the sinking, but assumed
the ship must have been near Free.
town, a British African possession.
where it was due the day it went
down.
There was always the possibility,
n official said, that other survivors
might have been picked up by other
vessels.
Presence Explained
The presence Of American seamen
aboard the Charles Pratt, a foreign
vessel, was explained in shipping cir.
cles by the fact that President
R~oosevelt's proclamation banning u;
S. nationals and ships from belliger.
emit waters did not designate the
waters around Africa, except the
Mediterranean, as b~elligerent.
The tanker was under the com.
mand Of Capt. E. r. Blomquist of
Severn, Md.
The Standard Oil offices here said
word was received from their Lon.
don office Of the ships loss, on Dec.
Il, but NO details were given concern
ing the sinking. The message said
there were 20 survivors.
Carrying 5000, 900 gallons of fuel
oil, the tanker left -Aruba, the
Netherlands West Indies, Dec. 5 for
Freetown, Africa, a British posses.
sion.
The tanker was one of a group
owned by Standard Oil that were
transferred to foreign registry when
the neutrality act banned American
shipping from belligerent waters.
Eighth Sunk
She was the eighth vessel flying
the Panamian flag sunk since the
war started. Several of them were
Standard Oil ships.
A Standard Oil official said the
Charles Pratt was the first Of their
former ships, which have been lost,
to carry an American crew.
Built in 1916 at Newport News, the
Charles Pratt was named for a
Standard Oil official. She was 500
Continued on Page Three; Col. 81
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-12-28

MELBOURNE Australia,
Dec. 27.-A mysterious sea
prowler sailing under the CO.
lors of Japan carried total war
today to a tiny former Ger
man atoll in the Western Pa
cific, heavily Smelling the Is
let of Nauru at daybreak, the
Australian government an
nounced.
The islet, almost eactly on
the equator and lying south Of
the japanese inundated Is
lands, is inundated to the Brit
ish Empire. Australian Prime
Minister Robert G. Menzies an
nounced that buildings and a
plant (perhaps a radio station)
were pounded badly, but there
were no casualties.
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-12-28
Italians And
Greeks Fight
For Klisura
Hellenes' Right Flank Seeks
To Move Into Tepeleni
And On Valona
BATTLING ON PEAKS
Fascists Reported Ia Have
Concentrated Forces
At Important Pass

ATHENS, Dec. 27.-R-On snow.
bound peaks, Greeks and Italians
were locked tonight in a furious
battle for Klisura, f:ercely defend
ed mountain gateway through
which the Hellenes' right flank
seeks to fight into Tepeleni and on
Valona in a coordinated drive with
the coastal left flank.
In the Tepelini area, a govern.
men spokesman said tonight, the
Fascists had been driven from sew.
eral villages in battles on the high,
cold terrain. Their retreat east.
ward from Chimara continued, he
added, and in that sector the
Greeks pressed an uninterrupted
advance.
Italians Captured
A general headquarters COM
munique claimed the capture Of
more than 200 prisoners, includ-
ing some officers, and 'many au-
tomato weapons and e1nortars" in
local operations on an unspecified
front. e.
The Importance Of the Klisura
pass was emphasized by large re-
Inducements the Italians were re-
ported to have concentrated there.
Its capture would open the route
to Tepeleni, from where a road
continues north westward to
Valona, vital Adriatic port toward
which the Italians have been fall
ling back under pressure OF, Greek
advances along the Albanian coast.
Realizing the great importance
Of the pass" a Greek military ad-
vice said, 'the Italians concentrat-
ed as many forces as they could
N their determination to Illustrate
at any cost the plans of the gen.
eral staff.
with each passing day, how
ever, the battle is turning to the
advantage Of Greek troops"
AS the fight ragged on an ever
Continued on Page Three; Col. s.
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-12-28
WEATHER

FORECAST
North Carolina-Mostly cloudy, raiI
saturday and in the east and mountains
day.
(By Q. s. Weather Bureau)
Meteorological data for the "a hours
enulhg 1880 p. m. yesterday.
Temperature
l:50 a. m. 81; 7:30 a. m. 81: 1870 p.
III: II; 1870 p. m. SO; maximum u;
minimum 81; mean 81; normal 4S.
Humidity
l:5o a. m. 100; 1880 a. m. SO; 1:3O p.
ILL., ST; 1870 p. m. Sc.
Precipitation
oddotal for "a hours ending 1880 p. m.
10y inches; total since first Of the
~otn 2:03 inches.
Tides For Today Z
IRON Tide Tables published by U. S.
'0ast and Geodetic Survey:
MS. High Low
Wilmington ---- s:2Oa 3:55a
1852 1:27p
ris curse 7:17a; sunset slip; moon
o'f4a; moonset 5:24p.
liver stage at Fayetteville, N. c.,
a. M, December 26, ILL., feet.
''0n'inued on Page Two; Col. ~
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-12-28
HAPPENS IN .BLADEN
Textile Executive Burns To
Death When Car Catches
Fire, Leaves Road

James Walter Williamson, &c.
year-old textile executive of 602
Market street, was burned to death
in his automobile at Hammonds
Creek in Bladen county, IL miles
south. of Elizabethtown early last
night.
State Highway Patrolman W. E.
Ebert, stationed at Elizabethtown,
said that the. coupe driven by MIR.
Williamson apparently caught fire
and plunged over a steep 20-foot
embankment.
He estimated the accident oc-
Cured about 7 o'clock. 1t was the
sixth highway fatality in South
eastern North Carolina since Tues,
day.
Found BY Motorists
Two passing motorists, j. Wal
ter Grimsley, Jr., and Vinton Bee
chum, found the burning car a
short time after the accident. They
told Patrolman Ebert that MI.
Williamson was hanging out of the
car and was dead at the time they
arrived.
The two managed, however, to
pull the body from the burning au-
tomobile.
Patrolman Ebert said that it ap-
peared that MI. Williamson was driv-
ing slowly and that the car caught
fire while going along the highway.
The blazing machine went about
CONTINUED on Page Two; Col. ~
The Wilmington morning star., 1940-12-28
MYSTERIOUS SEA RAIDER FLYING JAP
FLAG SHELLS TINY ISLAND OF NAURU

conquests of her troops in the
Western Egyptian desert and
Libya, against the Italians.
Today, Australian army min
lister Percy S. Spender reached
Singapore, great Far Eastern
British naval-air base, and de-
clared: ''Our desire is that the
three great nations facing the
Pacific-the United States, ia
pan and Australia-live in am
ity.' With him was the chief
of the Australian general staff,
Lieut.. Gen. v. A. H. Sturdee.
Meanwhile, Air Chief Mar
shall Sir Robert Brooke-Pop-
ham, commander-in-chief of
Britain's Far Eastern COM
mand, arrived at Hongkong
from Singapore