davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1940-06-23

elephant, the idealized working man
and his dinner pail, which captured
the fancy of the American people.
They were the symbols copied by
other artists and retained as per-
manent features Of the American
cartoon.
The tremendous popular appeal Of
these images has enabled them to
carry influence practically to its ul-
innate limit. They have shaped and
guided public opinion, not only dur
ing a single political campaign, but
during each Of the many campaigns
that have followed since Mast so
effectively wrought with his crayon.
Evening star., 1940-06-23

East Of scissors, on the road to
Reims, Is the village of Fismes, and
the adjacent village Of F1nette, d.
rectly across the Vesle River. In
August, 1914, the Germans cap
tured it. Now their newer legions
have thundered along its roads.
1t was here that occurred one Of
the great tragedies of the Ameri.
can arms. On August z, 1918, the
18th Division (Pennsylvania Nation
al GuarO relieved the SD Division
at Fsmes. Elements Of the 111th
Infantry were ordered across the
river to occupy Fismette. The Ger
Evening star., 1940-06-23

mans had demolished all bridges
spanning the Vesle, and were pour
ing q deadly and accurate fire across
the swollen stream. It was In flood.
Barber wire entanglements filled the
water and hostile fire prevented
engineering work. But orders were
orders, and the orders said to oc-
cupy the town.
Yankee ingenuity went to work.
One bridge, badly shattered but not
completely destroyed. still connect
ed the two villages. So. under cover
Of darkness, the doughboys began
carting rocks and debris from the
ruined houses, and heaped them in
the breaches to fashion precarious
but practicable series OF stepping
stones. BY Ais o'clock in the morn
ing the Americans had filtered
across and we're ensconced in the
southern portion of Fismette.
Bombardment.
Then began q cycle Of misadven-
lures. Communications had been
virtually discontinued; always dis
asterous in warfare. Except by
runner, the Americans in Fismette
were out of touch with their own
post Of command across the river.
They attempted to maintain liaison
by the use Of messengers. A few
Of them got through, but most Of
them perished on the bridge.
The American doughboys surged
out to attack the enemy and were
beaten back. The fight developed
into q weird sniping and house-to-
house combat. Runner after run
ner was sent back with pleas for
support, but none was forthcoming.
The Yanks became a badly mauled
outfit. Then, as If they weren't
suffering enough already, American
artillery opened up, impartially
drenching friend and foe in a torrent
Of shellfire. The beleaguered troops
frantically fred Very flares and
signal rockets, but the bombardment
continued.
Two days passed; and three. The
111th Infantry stubbornly refused
to yield, clinging with desperate
tenacity to the small part of the
Evening star., 1940-06-23
and tabloid Journals Of

magazines and tabloid journals Of
today, which owe their immense
popularity to the great appeal Of
pictures over words.
Mast himself was probably not
fully aware Of the value of simplicity
and directness in his cartoon SYM
bols, for he often yielded to the urge
to go literary"-to I'LL his cartoons
with illusions to Shakespeare or to
draw characters from other we'll
known classics.
Yet these cartoon ideas-and many
Of them were splendid-did not sur
vive. It was the simple and obvious
the ravenous tiger, the blundering
Evening star., 1940-06-23

from his cage and displayed as q
symbol of greed and rapacity. This
dramatic figure came into being
when Mast was attacking the corrupt
Tweed Ring
Ironically enough, Mast got the
suggestion for this famous tiger from
the very man against whom he used
1t most effectively. Tweed, in his
younger days, had been chief of the
Big Six" Fire Engine Company, and
the engine bore a tigers head as an
emblem. When Tweed became q
power in Tammany, he continued to
Evening star., 1940-06-23
>boy Once Fought Many Bateeds Now Occupied by Ger

These orders were bitterly dis
appointing to the Yanks. The next
day was July 4-and what Amer
ican would want to miss a fire.
works display on such an occasion?
But they obediently assembled their
equipment and told their troubles to
their Australian friends.
Stayed to Fight.
Brass hats!" the Aussies snorted.
"You don't mean to say you take
any notice Of those blighters? We
never do" Which, II anything, was
gross understatement. Those
babies fought the war in their own
sweet way and did right good job.
The celebration commenced at
$40 o'clock on the morning of
Americas Independence Day and
lasted until $50 that evening. Dur
ing the fight casualties were carted
back to the dressing stations, where
astonished medicos looked at the
identity tags and muttered things
about fool Americans" It was
true. Despite orders, those four
companies of infantry had remained
to participate in the battle. They
carried all objectives and suffered
155 casualties, representing more
than Is per cent, which is a sizable
proportion.
Pershing Was Surprised.
That action welded the Australi-
ans and their Prairie Division breth-
rem into an indissoluble unity Of
friendship, which endures to this
day. The Down -Unders" paid SIM
pie but flattering tribute: you're
all right, Yank, but you're a bit
rough"
There was a tremendous reper-
cussion at Chaumont. Letters Of
congratulation and commentator
poured In to Gen. Pershing's head
quarters. This was the first he
knew of his troops having been in
action there. He had given posi-
tive orders for the withdrawal.
Up Chemin des Danes way, the
present war has been prosecuted
with unrelenting fury. During 1918
the first American National Guard
unit to go into the lines was the
26th Division of New York. It was
brigaded with the French in this
sector from February 10 to March
18. Two months after the division
was withdrawn the Germans
launched a surprise attack and drove
the French out with severe losses.
Origin Of Name.
Late dispatches from Europe
claim NaN shock troops smashed
their way down on both sides of
scissors. This historic town is one
Of the Oldest In France, dating back
to the days of the Roman invasion.
It then bore the name Of Noviodu-
mum, and afterward| Augusta Sues
sionum, whence comes the modern
name, Scissors. It became the most
important town in Northern Gaul;
and probably none has ever been
more ravished by war.
Repeatedly has 1t been captured
and sacked. It suffered such a fate
six times during the Hundred Years
War. During the internecine strug-
gle between the Armagnacs and the
Burgundians, Scissors was captured
by the former. In 1914 Charles v
pillaged the town, and 10 years
later the Huguenots did likewise
In the revolution, Federal National
Volunteers marched on scissors.
During the Napoleonic wars, it was
sacked thrice, and in 1870 1t was
occupied by the Prussians. The
Evening star., 1940-06-23

until four years later, and Mast then
used it as a rebuke to the Republican
party, which seemed to have grown
unWieldy and timorous. For months
he continued to draw the elephant in
precarious positions, as an indication
Of the waning influence Of the party
at that time.
Eventually the elephant evolved
from a symbol of "the Republican
vote" to a symbol for the "Republi-
can party" and, finally, the Grand
Old Party" or &c. o. p" in which
form it is now used.
Both parties, in accepting the ami
NAL symbols as representative Of
their political opinions, have chosen
to endow them with such virtues as
they profess to possess. To the Re-
publican the donkey is stupid and
stubborn. an object of ridicule; but
the Democrat good-humoredly ac-
cepts the little animal as a mascot,
knowing that the donkey's very
humility and homeliness endears
him to the common man.
The elephant, on the other hand,
was originally accepted by the
Democrats as a symbol of the tim
ldlty and docility Of the Republicans.
And with the present trend toward
party cleavage along economic lines,
1t is likely that the 1910 Democrat
sees the elephant as pompous and
slow-moving creature, typical of the
wealthy, conservative Republican.
Original Use Forgotten.
The Republican, of course, has
completely forgotten Nast's original
application of this symbol and sees
in the elephant a symbol of size, dig
nifty, strength and intelligence.
In the present campaign-and, in
deed, m every campaign occurring in
times of economic tension-still an
other of Nast's brain-children ap-
pears in prominent role, the work.
man, with his square cap, apron and
tools, and his characteristic dinner
pail. The image of the dinner pail
pictured as full or empty has for
decades proved one of the most per-
suasive arguments In attracting the
vote OF American labor. And Nast's
stereotype of the workman as strong
and industrious undoubtedly has en-
hanced the position Of the laboring
class.
The symbol for the country as a
whole-whether represented by the
female Columbia or the male Uncle
Sam-owes much to Nast's skill in
portraiture. Though both Of these
creations were familiar figures In the
american cartoon prior to Mast, they
had not been invested with the dig
nifty and grace which they now pos
sess. Brother Jonathan, the proto-
type Of Uncle Sam, was created by
British cartoonists as a satire on the
American type. Mast took this
lanky, loose -jointed, disreputable fig
ure and put him through a stream
lining process, whence emerged the
familiar figure of Uncle Sam. Using
his own wife as a model, Mast por-
trayed Columbia the Goddess Of Lib
erty, as a woman of strength and
beauty, q fitting representative Of
American ideals.
Origin Of the Tiger.
Perhaps the most effective of all
the Mast symbols is one used when
ever Tammany Hall is under fire.
Then the Tammany Tiger Is Ioosed
Evening star., 1940-06-23

use the emblem-presumably for
luck.
Mast frequently used the tiger in
his cartoons attacking the Tweed
Ring, but nowhere so effectively as
IN his cartoon entitled, "Tammany
Tiger Loose-What Are You Going
to Do About It." which appeared in
Harpers Weekly two days before the
municipal election of 1871. Here
the tiger is represented in a Roman
arena rending and crushing . SYM
bolical figure Of the Republic, while
Tweed and his cohorts look eagerly
Evening star., 1940-06-23

World War proved no exception.
The town was again captured by
the Germans and held until they
were forced out four years later, on
August 2, 1918.
Our own soldiers are familiar
with scissors, especially the ma
rines and doughboys of the I'd Dr.,
vision. With the 1st Division they
bore the brunt of the attack of July
18, 1918. And most of them swear
with profane emphasis that Belleau
Woods and Blanc Mont were veri-
table picnics compared with the
assault on Scissors.
Evening star., 1940-06-23

ticularly great significance when he
was putting them across to the Am
erican public for the first time, for
the average nteracy Of the American
voter was comparatively low 1T that
time and the task OF winning over
the politically important group Of
foreign-born voters demanded that
they be appealed to In terms which
they could easily understand, how
ever great their language handicap.
The political cartoon at that time
played q role similar to the picture
Evening star., 1940-06-23

many postures and play many roles,
varying with the political bias of
the cartoonist. Here they are on
home territory, for 1t was in the
political cartoon that they first came
into being.
If you can still reckon your BIRTH
day with less than three digits, the
chances are you cannot recall when
these symbols were not prominently
featured in the American cartoon.
A century ago they were not in ex-
1stence-for Thomas Mast, the car
toonist who created these and num-
erous other familiar cartoon SYM
bols, would be just turning 100 were
he alive today.
Like many others who have con-
tributed significantly to American
culture. Mast was foreign born.
But 1t was through the clear, un-
prejudiced eyes of a 6-year- -old
that he first viewed America in 1846,
when his family came to this coun-
try from the little town of Landou
TN Germany. And in later years
this same childlike straight-for
wardness Of vision remained with
Mast and enabled him to depict po-
ntical episodes in symbols striking
and vivid enough to be clearly un-
derstood even by the child and
lliterate.
Accepted by Both Parties.
The donkey and the elephant were
but two of the famous animal SYM
bols which Mast created, but they
have shown greater powers of en-
durance than most Of his other SYM
bols and have been readily accepted
by both major parties as fitting rep
resentatives of their respective
creeds.
While it may not be strictly accu-
rate to state that Mast created the
donkey as a symbol of the Demo-
cratic party, he certainly deserves
credit for being at least the foster
father Of this popular figure. It is
true that even before Mast was born
there had appeared numerous litho-
graphic and etched cartoons show
ing Andrew Jackson-a Democrat
seated on q donkey or showing the
donkey bearing the head OF Jackson.
But these cartoons were crude and
stiff in execution and had little in
common with Nast's more skillful
portrayal.
Even If these cartoons had been
more expertly drawn, they still could
not have compared with Nast's, for
they were simply posted on walls or
passed from hand to hand, while
Nast's cartoons appeared in Harpers
Weekly. This illustrated journal,
having q Nationwide circulation,
had an influence similar to the pic
ture magazines Of today.
As matter Of fact, Mast may have
quite independently re-created the
donkey symbol when he used 1t for
the first time in cartoon appearing
In Harpers on January IS, 1870. This
cartoon, entitled, "A Live Jackass
Kicking Dead Lion" shows jack
ass, labeled "the copperhead press"
kicking the Secretary of War, Edwin
M. Stanton, who had but recently
died. Mast. .perceiving in this DON
key symbol an effective means Of
representing what he then regarded
Is the party Of noise and obstruction,
continued to use it to represent the
party as whole.
Used Donkey rs Rebuke.
The donkey's companion piece, the
q. o. p. elephant, was not conceived
Evening star., 1940-06-23

down from the imperial inclosure.
This stirring portrayal Of the tiger
devouring the helpless Nation was a
most potent campaign argument.
The insolent challenge Of the ques-
tion-which had been Tweed's only
answer to the charges against him
dynamited the voters out Of their
former complacency and two days
later. at the polls, they showed what
they would do about 1t. The ring
was swept out Of power.
Nast's striking images were Of par
Evening star., 1940-06-23

The illustrations this page from original
by Thomas Mast reproduced from the book "Thomas Nast
His Period and His Pctures by Albert Bigeo Paine pub
Hshed by Harper & Bros. in 1904.
Evening star., 1940-06-23
Origin Of the Tiger.

Perhaps the most effective Of all
the Mast symbols Is one used when
ever Tammany Hall is under fire.
Then the Tammany Tiger Is loosed
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1940-07-18
ORDER NISI.

Walter w. Dawson Assignee for the P,,rnose
of Foreclosure, VS. Orval T. Savage and
Nerna h. Savage, his wife
no "'3a Equity. In the Circuit Court for
Garrett County, Maryland.
az Is ORDERED, This goth day of June.
,Ito, ny the Circuit Court for Garrett County.
Maryland in Equity, that the sale made and
reported of the property mentioned in these
proceedings by Walter W. Dawson. assignce
be ratified and confirmed unless cause to thc
contrary thereof be shown on or before tho
a29d day Of July 1910, provided copy Of this
in Garrett County, Maryland once - , ,,,,'.
Tor three successive weeks before the 18th day
$4,000 ~ pC Vi Sdie 10 oe
true copy-Iest: A. G. ROSS. Clerk.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1940-07-18

versely on areas where the pine is pro-
tected from blister rust it should be
given the best of care and grown as
intensively as possible. In all cases
it is desirable to inspect the proposed
planting site before definite plans are
made for planting trees. Anyone in
Maryland desiring an examination Of
their pines or proposed planting site
may have it at no charge by making
their request through their County
Agriculture Agent or the District
Forester's office in Cumberland
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1940-07-18
ORDER NISI.

Jesse J. Ashby, dr. Treasurer of Garrett
No. 79S Miscellaneous Docket in the Circuit
Court for Garrett County, Maryland
ORDERED, This Bird day Of July, 1910. by the
Circuit Court for Garrett County that the sale
made and reported in the above cause bv the
County Commissioners of Garrett Countv
Maryland, be ratified and confirmed. unless
cause to the contrary thereof be shown on or
before the 18th day of August 1910 provided
paper published in Garrett County once
week for three successive weeks before the
md day Of August. 1870
The report states the amount of sale 70 he
$500 WILLIAM tI1 fple 20 Dc
True copy Test A. G. ROSS. CLERK
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1940-07-18
ACCIDENT

ANOAA0A
M'om LTCneI o'5o ''G NJ e' D,. ne @ pun.
shin 1870 A NJ
Church of the Brcthren-Sunday
school at $3.50 A. NJ. No preaching SCI
VICE c. p,ur. n+bonau Ctrrob wor
shin. 9:30 A. NJ. Sunday school at
1920 A. NJ. Luther League, 500 P. NJ.
st; johns Lutheran Church, Cove
2 o,,,;oS i0.90 NJ a. -i'' WI ''''P
pr;of Mention
,f,.. roe noa1 ,ra. bo,orod 81 .
.,,,,,,;.o h;.+bda,, aa,4,. ~ c,,nJ,,,
o,,o,inn Arnono +bosa ,roaont wow,
Nv aad ,Tr. o.,ia nooi ond fo,,,;1,,
NJ md 1frs Toona,.d 1Iaonf+l;,,n I'D
fon,iI,. NJ. ond ,r,., cooro,o p,,st,,,,,,
NJ I'D M, Ton, C,,s+or NJ, and
~. IaL. Iaanf.Iin. NJ pan11;ah
MN .nd f.n,;Iv ,Trs F,anI, proh.t
- c..u.. U,,,l 49,. ,I fo,,,;I,.
Mr. naaI n.o.' tbo ,.oo;nion+ of ,,,a,,,
gifts. Refreshments were served.
Mrs. Walter f. w. Richter enter
tanned the Cove Ladies' Aid at her
home on Wednesday evening. Twenty
members were present.
The Glass family will hold their first
,.o,,n;on an Snnda, T,1,, o. - tho
A. A. Glass grove. The Accident band
will entertain with a concert Re-
frcshmcnts will be served under the
auspices of the band.
Mr. and Mrs. Ernest Bethel enter
tanned the following at a screnadc
party at the home of Mr.. and Mrs.
John Bowser on Thursday evening:
Paul Miller, Orlen Wall, Richard KoIb,
Clayton Sanders, Bill Bethel, James
Tressler, RAYMOND Bowser, Paul Belt
Eel, Playford Bethel, John Williams,
Mrs. Bethel. Refreshments were en-
ioyed by all.
PERSONALS
MISS Dean ffaze' spent the week
ehd at hef nome HeIoySpoft'
-u'.'' ''"' 'p(' o 'I anu ~ ''''o'
'''' 'o''N'' ''A''''''' ,P'''' ''ie
=, ~ !" e''' az '''' ''''''' ~ ~ De lh''''
-,
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1940-07-18

The undersigned Executor Of the
estate of Mary J. Baker, deceased, will
offer at public sale on
Evening star., 1940-12-15
BURTON'S POPLIl TIES
S

Tailored Of Non-Crush Silk and
Wool in Ne,c Stripes and Plaids
Give him sensible gift . something
he needs something to wear. Bur-
tons PopIins come in new shades Of
blue, tan, green, grey and maroon. CoI-
orines and designs ore really distinctive.
This unique tie defies bothersome
wrinkles.
Evening star., 1940-12-15
H0LEPRO0E HOSE FOR MEN
. prs. S
Also 3 Prs, $50

Give him the hose with wearing qualities
that are known from eoost to coast. They'll
last longer and save you many Q dernins
worry. HoIeproofs come in selected pot
terms Of blue, black, green, brown or mo-
room. Long or short, sizes 10 to Il.
LANsBURGHs Mems shops-street Floor
The Daily Alaska empire., 1940-05-21
ALASkA ARRIVES WITH PASSENGERS;
 FOUR DAYS MAIL

With approximately four days mail aboard, the steamer Alaska docked in Juneau today and un- loaded freight and 42 passengers before continuing to the Westward at 3:30 o'clock.
 Locals from Southeast Alaska ports arriving here were B. r. Kane, G. Fitzgerald, the Rev. N. J. Mar uca, w. T. Mahoney, M. Baker Mrs. H. J. Museth, Miss F, Mu- seth, Miss A. Museth and R. c. Wakelin.
 Passengers arriving from Seattle were Mrs. Mabel Mae Baker, Will liam Brown, the Rev. J. L. Cauble, Gladys Galley, c. E. Gillham, May belle Ingram, T. N. James, Doro- thy Long, Gladys Long, Jeanette Long. Jimmy Long.
 Mrs. L. Long, Margaret L. Long, Shirley Long. J. J. Lynch, Louis C.. Manfredo, Harry G. Maxwell Jr., R. G. Maynard, Knute s. Nelson, L. F. Morris, William John Muc- phy, Miles Price, s. P. Raymond, Mrs. T. J. Scott, Joe Slaby, R. J. Sommers, Mrs. Harold Swanson, w. E. Swanson, William Tate, Gu dran Weltzer, Ernest Whitehead, Lucille Wilkes.
 George Andes, G. O. Darvy, H. L. Duty, J. M. Elliot, Charles Francis, D. N. Gunthee, Myron Martin, Carol McGuire, Antone Medar, Henry Rost and Joe Shy der.
 Passengers booked on the Alaska up to press time were.
 For Seward-Mrs. E. Penttinen, M. E.. .Siyeazey. Joe Smith, Mrs. o. w. Powell. R. Taylor, J. s. Bar nett, H. Flazicr,. J. Cheka, J. Per- manen, A. Parkell, G. O. Darby, c. T. McGuire, w. E. Hampstead, J. s. Jeffries,
 For Valdez-James Connor, J. Heintzen, A.. Medar, w. F. Shep- Ter and Sara Palmer.
 For Cordova-Robert Mischner, J. H. Mosley, A. w. Douglas, L. F. Taylor, J. B. Williams, Mrs. R. s. Cunningham and Thane Cunning ham.
 For Kodiak-Henry Ricard, Lloyd Morley and c. Johnson.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1940-05-21
TIDES TOMORROW
SIG WIEN ELECTED
 PRESIDENT OF WAA'

Sigurd Wien, Nome pilot. was recently elected President and Gen eral Manager of Wien Alaska Air lines, Incorporated, for 194O at a meeting in Fairbanks of stock holders and directors of the flying firm.
 Sigurd Wien succeeds his broth CT, Noel Wien of Fairbanks, as President and General Manager of Wien Alaska Airlines.
 The two brothers and Antonio Polet of Nome were elected direc- tors of the corporation by tn e stockholders, meeting in the Fair banks office. Noel Wien was named Vice-President and Polet Secretary Treasurer at business session of the directors following the stock holders meeting.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1940-05-21
TW0-WEEks-oLD
 FOREST BLAZE ].
 ExTINGUI5HED

Fire suppression crewmen of the Alaskan Fire Control Service have extinguished two-week old forest blaze which burned over 1000 acres of aspen, birch, and spruce opposite the Cinema Buttes and threatened valuable saw timber in the Rosa Creek area, says the Fairbanks News Miner.
 A crew of CCC enrollees headed by Ray Woolford, fire guard, controlled the blaze with shovels and axes. The flames were too far from water sources to permit use of pumps.
 Fire Warden V. Maurice Smith reported the fire was believed at first to have originated on the prop erty of Sam Charley, but later in vestgation revealed that Norman Hadley, operator of fish wheel below Cinema Buttes. had allowed a small fire in his garden to escape into nearby dry grass.
 "A fire of this nature is avoid able" declared the fire warden Many iners, prospectors, an6 homesteaders working in isolated districts alone should, before doing any burning, either make sure that his brush or debris fire is safe. or solicit the aid of his neighbors ir anntrnllino tha hlova
 considered safe during dry periods
 "A brush or debris fire cannot b6 unless it is isolated from any sur
The Daily Alaska empire., 1940-05-21

rounding inflammablc material such as grass. moss, or forest litter. To make such a fire safe trench to mineral soil must be constructed around the location of the proposed fire
The Daily Alaska empire., 1940-05-21
MAYNARD, NEW
 WELFARE HEAD,
 NOW IN JUNEAU
Will Fly 10 Nome 10 Close Affairs, Then Move
 Home Here

Russell c. Maynard, newly ap- pointed Director of the Depart ment of Public Welfare, arrived on the steamer Alaska today from the States. He intends to remain here until either Saturday or next Tuesday and then fly to Nome to wind up his work in the U. s. Marshal's office.
 The Board of Public Welfare, in session for the past week, ad- journed today Two of the mem- bers, J. G. Rivers of Fairbanks and Mrs. H. H. McCutcheon Of Anchorage, left for home on the steamer Alaska this afternoon.
 Maynard succeeds William B. Kirk, who resigned due to ill health.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1940-05-21
Girl Scouts Will
 Sponsor Movie at
 Coliseum Tomorrow

Sponsored by the Girl Scouts, The Jones Family in Hollywood" will be shown at the Coliseum Theatre tomorrow night.
 An addition to the regular mo- ton picture program will be the