davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1940-09-22

1.-The fields have been under cult
walton for many years and are regu-
larry visited by local collectors. yet
there are today places fairly strewn
with wreck of the old village life"
Maryland Story.
But as to the Widows Mite myth,
the writer does not mean to say
that there is nothing to suggest this
legend. Indeed. many whites were
captured by the Indians in early
Colonial days and it would be very
easy to piece together story identi-
cal with the Treaty Oak story, if
ones mind ran in that direction. A
story of interest along this line is
reported in the Maryland Assembly
proceedings. April 10 May, 1866,
when the killing of Mrs. Lang
worth's children, by the Indians.
was discussed at a session of the
General Assembly held at St.
Mary's. and since the title to the
Widows Mite was in the Lang
worth family during this period the
murder might have occurred within
the boundaries of the District of Co.
lumbia. though this is not likely.
The statement that there was a
treaty once signed beneath this tree
is manifestly far-fetched. Indeed,
the only treaties with the Indians
bearing on events in this locality,
which would at all fit in with the
Widows Mite legend. was one made
in 1852. when the Susquehannocks
successfully fought. for while. the
whites and Indians of the lower Po-
tomac and Patuxent River region
The treaty was agreed to II years
before the tract called Widow S
Mite was patented. The treaty of
peace of 1877. by which all the In
dams as far as the head of Chesa-
peake Bay were brought under
tribute to the whites, was not agreed
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1940-09-22
By Basil Gordon.
Is smuggling a crime?

Is smuggling a crime?
Officially, the law says it is-but
| it is hard to convince the average
petty violator that this is true. The
| law also tells him that it is crime
or, at any rate. a misdemeanor to
park in a restricted area or to ex-
coed Is miles an hour in this city
When, in the course of events, II
becomes practically necessary tc
commit one or the other of these
| faux pas. the motorist is much more
concerned over whether or not he
is going to get away with it than
whether or not he has done some
thing wrong The amateur smugglel
has the same mental attitude. Sc
has little Johnny, when he raids the
jam closet,
When the question was put to
Edison J. Shamhart. assistant dep
uty commissioner of customs, he
replied without hesitation:
"Of course. it's wrong to smuggle
-" No, I am not a fanatic on the
subject. I am inclined to agree that
the citizen who occasionally brings
some small article into the United
| States without declaring it is, at
any rate. not a real criminal. But
I'll never admit that he hasn't done
a wrong thing. He has!
Furthermore, it is wrong not just
because the law says so. There may
be laws in the questionable class
such as the fugitive slave act Of
pre-Civil War days. 1t required
citizens of free States to return
runaway slaves to their masters, anc
never was enforced, and never coulc
have been, because it was wrong in
principle But laws against SNUG
| Cling are not in this class.
Good Example.
The Customs Service exists fol-
a far more important purpose thar
merely collecting revenue. important
as that is. Its main function. as
see it, is 10 maintain our high stand
ard of living, and to see that EN-.
ployment is available to Americans
Any smuggling. however petty, is 8
blow against this purpose
Gould you give an example?
Mr.. Shamhart was asked.
"A good one that comes to mind,
he replied, "is stock smuggling across
the Mexican border. American
ranchers have spent much money
and many years of effort in pro.
ducing pure-bred cattle. free of ticl
fever and superior in every way tt
certain scrub stock from below thu
border. Thus, they earn high
price per pound for beef cattle wher
the buyers come through. Where
would they be. however, if the mar
ket were cluttered with Mexican
animals, which can be raised at fal
less cost for labor and feed? Where
also, would they be if their stock
bred so carefully, became polluted
by the infiltration of inferior ami.
mails? The same principle apple.
to horses 1t is up to us to prevent
inroads into the means of livelihood
of ranchers, and am pleased to say
that they regard us as among theil
best friends"
Liquor Smuggling.
At this point, I was shown pictures
of struggled animals seized by tn,
authorities, some with altered
brands. I had thought. as man!
others. that this was a thing Of tn,
past, back in the good old day
Of the Wild West" when ambiti'
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1940-09-22

of a noted ethnologist and a de-
scendant of Col Nourse, before
mentioned, tried more than a decade
ago to nail the story about this tree,
but apparently she did not succeed,
for. after all. people believe what
pleases them most, and the story Of
the white woman who refused TO
become the chiefs squaw, and sub
sequently was restricted to the shade
of this tree, is no doubt still believed
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1940-09-22

from the waters of Albemarle Sound
to the Potomac, and probably also
the basin of the Patuxent However,
the Maryland branch, at least after
the death of Powhatan, appears to
have had but slight connection with
the main body.
Their principal location, according
to S. " Proudfit an authority on the
aborieines of the lower Potomac
seems to have been about due east
of the Capitol. for the fields at this
point give greater evidence of oc-
cupation than most others. though
indications of Indian occupation
have been found at nearly all points
of the valley.
1T should be noted that the dwell
ings were in most cases close to the
bank of the stream. A line drawn
parallel with the shore and 300 feet
distant would include the greater
part of the houses.
Countless Relics.
within the area thus indicated
may be found today every variety Of
stone implement common TO the
North American Indian-arrow-
heads. spearheads. knives, drills. per-
forators, scrapers. sinkers. polished
axes, sharpening stones, pipes. slate
tablets, pestles. mortars, cup stones,
hammer stones. as we'll as that rude
ax-shaped implement of Clipped
quartzite which has yet to receive a
name Associated with these, and
forming no inconsiderable part of
the remains. are found partly worked
implements-some broken. others
worked into the first rude forms Of
the arrowhead or knife and then
abandoned, and. Astounding every
where, fakes, clips and pebbles of
quartz and quartzite having but a
chip or two struck from the original
surface.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1940-09-22

that the Government had thought
fully arranged for her to do this
All she had to do was to pay $1,000
for the assessed value of the jewelry.
and $4,000 more as a penalty for
smuggling.
The apparent charwoman gave a
shrek that could have been heard
in Budapest She protested poverty.
Where, she demanded, could she ever
get $4,000.
You can 60 right over to that
bank across the street." Mr.. Sham
hart suggested. land borrow it, on
the 100000 worth of business prop
erty you own on Blank street"
He got the $4,000!
European Agents.
The real reason Mrs. @ was caught
was. of course, the report from
Budapest. Similar reports come in
constantly from foreign countries,
from agents, jewelry establishments,
and sometimes from informers. who
are paid Is per cent of the amount
involved. Mr.. Shamhart explained
that. while the use of informers may
be criticized by the unthinking. it is
justified by the results, and by the
fact that the purchases have oc-
Cured outside the country. where
no written records may be sub
poenaed for proof. He even knows
a case where the victim informed
on herself
Agents in Europe reported this
woman had bought some SIS 900
worth of jewelry. which was de-
scribed in considerable detail. Yet
here she was. back in the United
States and not a word said about it.
Mr.. Shamhart rectified the omis-
sion: he said plenty. The case was
foolproof, and she had no choice but
to disgorge. During this painful
process, she Dragged of watch that
had been overlooked. She had
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1940-09-22

Indians. True, they were the Ana
costan Indians. or. more properly,
the Necotchtank, who are said to
have been a tribe or band probably
Of the Conoy, and who formerly lived
on the Anacostia branch of the
Potomac River in the District.
Their principal village was near
our present Anacostia, the name be-
ing corruption of the name of the
tribe from which also Is taken the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1940-09-22

by many who disregard the impos-
sibilities surrounding the case.
Instead of saying, more than a
hundred years ago" it would be cor
rect to say that more than 300 years
ago the District was inhabited by the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1940-09-22

word "Analostan." the name of the
island on the Virginia side of the
Potomac just this side of the Aque-
duct Bridge, also known as Masons
Island. and more recently as Theo-
dore Roosevelt Island.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1940-09-22

the Nacotchtank Indians we're OF
the great Algonquin stock. They
spoke the language of the Powhatan
confederacy. of which Pocahontas
was celebrated daughter. and
which occupied Tidewater Virginia.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1940-09-22

The late James Mooney, who
probably knew the history Of the
Indians of this locality at least as
well as any other man, tells us that
The voice of labor. (Cumberland, Md.) 1938-1942, 1940-09-26
CELANESE CONFERENCES CO
Manage. e. MeetsWith
Union Committee After
Full Week of Stoppage


CUMBERLAND, Thurs Sept. 26.-Union leaders Of Local
1874 and representatives of the Celanese Corporation
yesterday for the FIRST since the plant closed down
Tuesday September ~ following disagreement upon the dis.
charges and lay-ofs of several union members
The conferees gathered the Celanese plant following
several conferences between and
State and Federal Concators State Commissioner of Labor
John Pohhaus and Federal Concato Aaron Horvz
the joint meeting
Yesterdays conference concluded after $50 NJ and the
meeting Of the parties will be resumed this morning
No official issued except that the parlc
would be resumed
Last weekend the Corporation rejected a compromise
of Local 1874 in which the Unionss agreed accept
week. suspension for weeks suspension
two and thirty days suspension for the workers
the management discharged The management deela.e,.
offer not acceptable
Until Monday of this week the plant gates had b-ca
open and the Company issued advertised
workers On Monday evening the Local csiab.
picket lines which being maintained twenty -four
basis. No production whatsoever going in the plant
The Union making its official
of radio programs WTBO each evening Officers have
warned members only to accept such official statements.
The voice of labor. (Cumberland, Md.) 1938-1942, 1940-09-26
Clio Delegates
Social Affair
Slated Tonight

Delegates to the Western MARY
land Industrial Union Council OF
the Clio will hold i social evening
tonight Thursday following the
transaction OF business.
The affair viii get under way
at 900 p. NJ. and a showing of the
movies taken at the Labor DAY
parade in Homecoming will be one
of the main features of the pro.
gram.
In addition to the delegates and
their wives. the Council has inyn.
ed the elected officers Of all NJ.
filiated local unions to be Pre- II
as guests.
Following tho entertainment
there will be refreShments
National Premium beer AID ~.
tional Bohemian beer viii
served exclusively. Among tn
vited guests will be Nj. W. :!
Buchholtz. recently named
District Representative fol
National Brewing Company s..
Baltimore.
Mr.. Buchholtz has many 4.
in the local labor movement t.; Z
signed the first CLIO contrac; Va
the United Automobile We
in Cumberland when he waS -
business for himself.
Tonights meeting MARKS tue
end OF the CLIO Councils quayjc
session. The Council meets on the
second and fourth Thursday O..
each month at 500 p. NJ.
The voice of labor. (Cumberland, Md.) 1938-1942, 1940-09-26

printing letter OF resignation
from person who never belonged
to the Union doesn't work at the
Celanese plant. and didn't give
any address for verihcation.
We suggest that our readers
watch for it. That is if they are
still foolish enough to buy a paper
which kicks them in the teeth!
The voice of labor. (Cumberland, Md.) 1938-1942, 1940-09-26
PICKET LINE PICKINGS

The speed with which Local
1874 swung into its picket line
organization and routine is a
credit to the discipline OF our 10.
cal 1879.
The events started on Monday
when the Union finally decided
that management agitation OF CON
fused workers must cease.
Police officials and Sheriff Rad
clilIe attest to the good order
which prevailed as the staff wa
evacuated on Monday. In turn
our Local Union credits the State
officers and the Sheriff and HI
men for their spirit of fa:rneS.
and fair play.
We commend this spirit to
Ambrose Mckenzie. staff mem.
Der of Textile Coming. This
cooperative" fellow drove out
of the plant with the body Of
his car electrically charged.
The Federal Conciliator. Mr..
liorvitz who happened to touch
the machine received a shock.
II is an example Of the attitude
of certain bosses. He should
count himself as lucky that he
went through a disciplined line
Of Union members. And. by the
way. a little credit to Concilia.
tor llorvitz and State Commits
Sioner Of Labor John Pohihaus
for their judgment on Monday
evening.
The answer 10 Why Union
Men Leave Home" is not far to
find. II you wish to find it out.
just take a trip to the picket line
and sample the high class eats
and service which is being rem
dered at the Picket Canteen.
The boys erected a first class
kitchen and equipped it with the
experience of veterans. The hard
working Bill Meagher and capable
John Morris are in charge.
John Cordry is chef on the 7
a. m. TO p. m. shift. Wow. he
makes hamburgers into chopped
steak sandwiches.
Naomi Sheetz and Lana Hebb
will probably graduate to Porters
Restaurant after this is over.
Janet Castle and Eva Stewart,
the inseparables. are also on the
Z TO 3 shift. and B. Grapes and
Elmer Upholtz make up the crew.
Chef Grove
John Grove Is chef ON the ;
p. m. TO IL p. m. shift. This
Is the sandwich shift" and J.
w. Barnhart. Bob Lewis and
NJ. Zollner can pack sliced
bread like veterans.
The IL p. m. TO 4. m. shift
Is kinda quiet with Bill Hart
man rs maitre-de-hotel and lie.
roy Lewis and Shorty Lewis
giving service 10 the night.owls
on the picket line.
We wish 20 thank Clark's
Restaurant Of McCooie for their
donation Of sandwiches, drinks
The voice of labor. (Cumberland, Md.) 1938-1942, 1940-09-26

zimmerman proceeded to recite
alleged acts OF sabotage. insubor-
dination. intimidation and inter
ference which the Committee
members had suddenly become
guilty OF since appearing before
him with the complaints Of the
men. Trying to tie him down to
specific rames and incidents he
was unable to provide them.
Glenn and the writer developed
the fact that the official WPA
forms giving written reasons for
discharge or suspension had NOT
BEEN ISSUED to the men after
NALL had given his Hitler-like
statement.
Finally Zimmerman agreed to
have the required forms mailed to
the men so that individual appeals
could be taken by the union.
DISTRICT DIRECTOR
Several of the men received the
forms BY mail on Thursday and
on the same morning Mr.. F. w.
Springer. District Manager of
WPA. and Mrs. @. n. McDermott.
director of the Division of En-
ployment arrived in Cumberland
from Frederick TO meet with Glenn
and the writer.
After listening to the story they
agreed TO visit the Dam project
and conduct an investigation. The
following morning another confer
ence was held at which Mr.
Springer announced that his Office
refused 10 concur in the dismissals
or suspensions OF six OF the seven
men and that they would be re-
turned to their jobs. He was
asked. specifically. II the men
would return to their own CLASH
fications and the answer was that
although they may not be placed
on the identical job that they
would return to their classified
tions.
The issue was pressed and We
asked as an example If black
smith who was involved would be
returned to blacksmith work. The
answer was in the affirmative,
with the added information that
changes in clasSifications cannot
be made for disciplinary reasons.
BREAK FAITH
The six men returned 10 the
project on Friday. They were
given their badges. A blacksmith
was put to work breaking stone.
a machinist was set to work burn
ing and clearing brush. another
was placed in a labor gang. One
of the victimized men reported
that as they left for the job site
Superintendent Zimmerman and
Foreman NALL came out Of the Of
fee. stuck their thumbs in their
vests and gave a loud laugh!
But the last laugh Is not yet!
In fact the last laugh may be
on the Savage Dam officials
who are foolish enough to think
they can successfully defy WPA
regulations and the laws Of de-
cency In handling their less
fortunately situated workers.
Complaints were Immediately
sent by Glenn to Mr.. F. w. |
Springer with a request for an i'm
mediate conference to see that the
agreement which he made with
the union representatives are hon
orably carried out. The writer
has always found in the past that |
the judgments OF Director Spring
er have been impartial and that
his word has been kept. There
will be conference in Cumber-
land tomorrow friday with the |
Director for the purpose Of clari-
flying the issue. The union hopes
that out OF this conference will
come a little education Of projec.
officials and some real justice TO
the project workers.
(Another article on trans
portation and other grew
anees will appear in our next
issue.
The voice of labor. (Cumberland, Md.) 1938-1942, 1940-09-26
and cigarettes and the VOICE
OF LABOR for cigarettes.
Picket CAPTAINS

ficket captains
Picket line captains are: a. m.
10 > .. m. Harold Magruder: .
p. m. to 10 p. m. Jim Stewart.
and 10 p. m. to 6 a. m. John
Deremer. and these disciplinar-
ians are doing fine job.
oh yes. the little house on the
hill is back again and some fine
mottos are being incribed there
on.
Picket Cards
Picket cards are issued at the
Union Hall and are being punched
on each appearance at the pickle;
line. GOOD MEMBERS will want
TO show these cards when things
are settled.
Transportation Committee is
Charles H. Smith and Jim Webb.
Their special phone at Union
Headquarters is Cumberland 1858.
The picket line also has a tele-
phone installed at the MAIN
TENT. The number Is 1896,
So much for our first couple of
days of organization of the line.
We intend to hold it until we go
back to work with our contract
signed.
Good members will want TO
spend some time on the picket
line. Come along. boys and girls.
and do your Union duty.
The voice of labor. (Cumberland, Md.) 1938-1942, 1940-09-26
What Is Happening At
Savage River Dam?
By JAMES BLACKWELL.

in
eight hundred working directly
million the
wnlb eve imcsh
benefits Of the Dam very mpo tan
there complaints, doubts and MISUNDERSTANDING
iim man..
and rank There being
on
low paid worker Of their
transportation the job while officials around comfortable automobiles
The VOICE OF LABOR intends series Of articles
10 rom facts
We will in authority to explain their position
whih wHlma
The voice of labor. (Cumberland, Md.) 1938-1942, 1940-09-26


their legitimate grievances.
The regulations OF WPA are
very definite on the handling Of
grievances presented by any ind
vidual worker. and group OF work.
ers or any committee representing
workers on a WPA project.
This is the official ruling which
WPA has issued to those in charge
OF projects:
WPA rules provide a way TO
deal fairly with workers who
have grievances: That the
foreman must be ready TO ad-
wise the workers so that the
rules for handling their griev-
ances may be made clear TO
them: and that even II some
workers make complaints which
cannot be supported they are en-
titled TO attention. and no preju.
dice may be held against them.
The foreman should make every
effort TO adjust such grievances.
Matters which are outside the
jurisdiction OF the foreman
should be referred 10 the Divi-
sion Of Employment" says WPA
printed rules.
HOW 1T WORKS
So much for the rules Of WPA
at this time. Now let us look how
the procedure worked on the Saw
age River Dam.
Many Of the Savage River Dam
workers had taken advantage Of
their right TO join an organization
by signing up in the CLIO United
Construction Workers Organizing
Committee. A large part Of the
skilled classifications are among
this number.
The machine shop has quite a
large percentage OF the workers
in the organization. The fore
man of the machine shop was Mr..
Thomas Darr who operated a ma
chine shop in Cumberland for
some time. and was engaged about
a year ago by representatives of
the Upper Potomac River Com
mission.
Mr.. Darr had tough assign
ment. The WPA workers under
him were not receiving the rate
which private industry would have
paid. but the project officials ex-
pected the same performance as
would be given in private indus
try. Mr.. Darr was highly re-
garded by the men under him. He
was helpful. understanding and
sympathetic towards them. But
on September 18th he was re-
moved from his job by the powers
that be. and summarily replaced
by another foreman.
The men rallied Loyalty to his
cause. They honestly believe
that MIR. Darr was a competent
and fair foreman. They be-
lieved. correctly or not. that his
decent treatment Of them was
one Of the reasons for his dis.
charge and that another was
due 10 political maneuvering 10
MI his place with friend of the
numerous political fav0ritcs
who infest the Savage River
Dam.
PRESENT GRIEVANCES
On September 18th a Grievance
was named by the men
and they approached Mr.. ]. II.
WPA Engineer in
charge at the Dam. for a confer
snce. Mr.. Zimmerman proposed
that the men place their griev-
pnces in writing and name q
Dmall committee to confer with
bim.
The men acted upon the sug
yestion. They placed the follow
ing grievances in writing. u
them:
]. A request 10 be given the
reasons'f for discharge Of Mr..
Darr and a request for his
reinstatement.
4. A demand that the hiring Of
ant Of State men cease until