davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1940-12-01

stress Of conflict Uncle Sam may
well call again upon his daughters
to aid in getting out the mass Of
clerical work, to oil the machinery
Of war production, to lend knowl-
edge to the whole organization.
What role Is woman playing in
the Europe that is shot through with
war today?
Women are not playing any part
in the armed forces of Germany"
declares the German Library of In
formation, which has headquarters
in New York.
Aid National Effort.
But women in the Reich are tax
ing over agricultural production and
operating the tractors that facili-
tate this work. And in many other
ways they are assisting In the ma
tional effort. It is said that l65 900
girls have been instructed in social
service work. The Mother and
Child" organization, at beach re-
sorts and elsewhere, is caring for
WO1lCh dllQ Clll1Ql Cils xllS VOuldIl
Labor Service aids and harvest
kindergartens" have been organized
over the land. Nurses of the Ma
tiona1 Socialist Welfare Organiza-
ton are pictured aiding in the re-
lief stations in Northern France and
assisting in getting people back to
q normal life. AS AFRAID wardens,
women have distinguished them
selves in the Reich and medals Of
honor are bestowed on them. The
Air Protection League singles out
the women who have displayed OUT
standing heroism. Participating in
kindergarten supervision Is the
German Girls Association.
The Women's Labor Service, the
''farmerettes," trained nurses and
the women who are assisting in
feeding, in medical problems and
Evening star., 1940-12-01

and Principal Smith. Misses Nettie
Schwinghammer, Annie Campbell
and Mary Stewart, appointed in
1924, finished their careers after
serving in the Southwest for many
years.
Others of the original high school
faculty of 1924 were Miss Bertha
Ohr, since married; Miss Margaret
Carraher. retired after serving for
40 years; Mrs. Margaret Reed Mer-
ritt, now principal of the Taft
Junior High, and Ralph Waldo
Strawbridge, present principal Of
the Stuart Junior High.
The new Jefferson Junior High
School opened its doors with an
enrolment Of $50 students, which is
only 100 short of its capacity. It
draws from an area bounded on the
east by North and South Capitol
streets as far north as the Union
Station. On the north its boundary
includes Massachusetts, avenue from
the Union Station to the main Pub
lie Library at Ninth street west,
westward along K street to Six
teenth street and south to the Po-
tomac River.
Former Residents.
Always of interest, but not SO
easily answered, is the question,
"Who occupied all these houses in
the Southwest that are being re-
moved?" Some, it is true, are not
so old, and at one time the Island"
was looked upon as fine residential
section. At least one Governor of
Washington was born there and three
Mayors are known to have resided
there, as well as the most famous
novelist of her day, Mrs. E. D. E. N.
Southworth.
The great Alexander Shepherd,
who pulled Washington out of the
mud, is said to have been born on
the south side of G street between
Ninth and Tenth streets, in a mod
est two-story -and-attic frame dwell
ing, which was reached by a series
of rickety steps after this street had
been graded. On the north side
Of G street between Eighth and
Ninth streets once resided the family
OF Crosby S. Noyes, in house sur
rounded by ample grounds, on
which were planted fruit trees. And
here the noted editor of The Star
kept his one-horse shay, in the
good old horse-and-buggy days, and
occasionally cow to supply the
members Of the household with milk
and butter. And from here the
Noyes children wended their way
to the Jefferson School at Sixth
and D streets, for which they still
have a very warm spot in their
hearts.
In this block also lived at an
early date 'cLafe" or Lafayette But
Evening star., 1940-12-01

and the three RS. Here were then
Primary School No. 3 and Secondary
School No. II. Miss Lizzie Schenck
taught the former and Mrs. Mary 1.
Bowen the latter.
Pupils Who Had Honorx
A complete list of the children
who attended this school in 1s69-70
Is not obtainable, but the names Of
those who were rewarded for some
special reason that year are in the
reports Of the public school, where
their descendants may, even CEN
turies hence, read their names with
pride.
James B. Thomas was the medal
scholar that year in the primary
school, and Tommie Martin, Eddie
Douglass. Alton Dewey, George Nor
rison, Joseph Scammel and Silas
Donaldson were so punctual and 50
exemplary in their conduct as to be
placed on the roll Of honor, to-
gether with Charles Korts, Robert
Kepner, James Tupper, Jacob K.
Faunce, John C. Braxton and VAN
ME Norwood.
There were four rooms in the Po-
tomac School Building, and during
the year 1901 Mrs. Mary A.
Bowen taught secondary grade No.
Z: Margaret E. Scheck, primary No.
8; Sarah II. johnson, primary No.
Z, and Elizabeth ]. Riley, primary
No. IL. Before the writer is the
pay roll of the fourth school dis
trict for that year, signed by the
Is teachers and one subassistant
teacher then employed in this dis
trict. The names are all signed in
q beautiful Spencerian hand, so ac-
curate, indeed, that they might be
mistaken for the handwriting Of one
person.
When we consider that 10 years
Evening star., 1940-12-01

each room, and when 1t was occu-
pied for the last time, at the close
of the school year 1870, the build
ing was said to be forth 500. 1t is
described as not only being q
cabin" but also a shack" In this
modest little structure-by whatever
name it may be called-the children
of some of the first families of the
island began to learn their A B C's
Evening star., 1940-12-01
By William A. MiHen.


America, summoning her sons to
the Colors in peacetime, through a
national draft, may yet witness her
daughters, too, In the warlike ranks.
For in the files of the War De-
partment here, prepared by WASH
ington woman, is plan for utilizing
women in the national defense. Miss
Anita Evans Phipps, erstwhile di-
rector of women's relations in the
department, latterly has been in
terested in restoring old George
town homes, refurnishing those
classic structures, so that lovers Of
the yesterdays may have their
modern conveniences in a setting
of loveliness.
Born IN the service, the daughter
of an Army officer, Miss Phipps
served with the Red Cross during
the World War. Thoroughly
familiar with service life, Miss
Phipps was born at Augusta Arsenal
in Maine and lived in the Army,
until the retirement of her father,
Brig. Gen. Frank Huntington
Phipps, in 1907. She was a private
in the motor corps of the Red Cross
in the war, and some years back,
she was regarded as being prac-
tically the only woman member Of
the General Staff Of the Army.
In her quest for the part women
have played in the wars Of the
bloody yesterdays, Miss Phipps
delved into historical records and
read a great number of books. Upon
her research, she predicated her
recommendations. Questionnaires
were dispatched to Army Corps Area
commanders to elicit their reactions
to the potential use of women tn
times of national emergency. Miss
Phipps supplemented the work of
Mrs. John Cassidy Of San Francisco,
who resigned as director of women's
relations at the War Department,
after laying the groundwork for a
study on which selective service for
women might well be based.
Too Daring to Adopt.
Miss Phipps studied the posts that
women held in previous civilizations
in times of national stress and
adapted the program to latter-day
needs. But as yet the program is
deemed too daring for Congress to
adopt as a national policy. Yet the
genesis Of it reposes in the archives
Of the War Department and when
the Army big-wigs are willing, 1t
can be furnished for the use of the
Eagles wings.
In general, Miss Phipps' program
contemplates the release of men for
duty in the fighting ranks, filing
the places behind the lines with
women folk. Cooks, laundry
workers, office personnel and other
groups that the Army has hitherto
filled from the ranks Of men in
khaki would be taken from the
battalions of capable womankind.
Any work that might be accom-
plished behind the fighting forces
by woman would be done, permit
ting more men to be sent into actual
combat against the enemy.
Typists. file clerks, assistants to
dentists and surgeons, canteen
workers, helpers In the commissary,
the despised kitchen police all
these may well be recruited from
the ranks of women, under an en-
larged conception Of the national
defense Of the United States. This
program, In the opinion Of far
Evening star., 1940-12-01
Women Assume More Role Warfare European

ganization known as the National
Yeomen F). It has upward
of 500 members now. While there
were some 10000 women in the Navy
during the World War the Marine
Corps had bit 385 women in its
ranks.
Added to Ages.
Active In the fight to secure the
adjusted compensation-''bonus" to
the layman-for the women who
served in the war was Miss Helen
G. ONeill, 1927 Forty fourth street
NV, then national commander of
the National Yeomen F). The
present national commander of the
organization is Miss Charlotte
Berry, another Washingtonian. The
age limits for the Yeomen Cd
were Is to IS, but so eager was
young Miss America of an older
generation to get into Navy blue to
work alongside brothers that the
women added to their ages instead
Of exercising woman's traditional
privilege Of discounting a few years.
AS a result there were some embar-
RAISING situations that developed in
civil service in the later years, be-
cause ages had to be adjusted subse-
quently. Women who served in the
yeomen (female) branch of the Navy
resent the term 'yeomanette," just
as their sisters of the Marine Corps
do not relish the appelation Of
''marinette."
AS the war cauldron boils in
Europe, women are taking their
place in the conflict-even as they
did down the ages-and the women
of the United States may be called
upon again to do their snare. But
as the statutes are now drawn, there
can be no women in the Navy and
Marine Corps. The law limits serv-
ice to men at this time. But in the
Evening star., 1940-12-01

ems Royal Naval Service. BY their
duties they release men folk for
more strenuous fighting work.
In the Auxiliary Fire Service wom-
en- occupy q major position. AS
watchroom personnel, drivers and
messengers, they 60 about their
tasks Of keeping fires under con-
troll, seconding the efforts of the
men. Some 5000 women of Britain
are engaged in the Air Raid Pre-
cautions organization for civil de-
fense, flashing out the word when
hostile aircraft are aloft and as
sisting the civilians in getting rap
idly into the air raid shelters.
Aiding with the evacuation of ci-
villains is the Women's Voluntary
Service, totaling some 100000 vol
unteers who work without compen-
sation. 1t co-operates in hospital
activities, supplies bandages, fur
nishes night shirts and sheets to
hospitals in England and gives sur
gical dressings. On their own sew
ing machines. the women of Britain
are humming out a defiant song of
victory, the cloth being supplied by
the Ministry of Health.
Nursing Reserve.
Civilian afraid casualties are
succored by the Nursing Reserve.
First-aid trains stand ready to take
civilian casualties out of the bonn
barded cities and these are manned
by young women out of the facto-
ries and the offices, who have been
trained In this type of service. In
the naval and military hospitals of
Britain are some $4,000 Red Cross
nurses. And there are some 5000
women trained in driving ambu-
lances. Blood donors are recruited,
classified and transported to the
doctors by women in the auxiliary
services.
Patroling the historic River
Thames, in variety of motley craft,
affording dressing stations and rapid
transportation to casualty clearing
centers are the port of London
river emergency ambulance, in
which women are holding q con-
spicuous part. Women are active,
too, In catering and canteen duties
In conjunction with civil defense.
Out on the farms of Britain,
women are likewise industrious. The
Women's Land Army beckons young
women to the fields to aid in win
ming the battle for food. Gardens
around the delightful cottages Of
peacetime England are being titled
and In erstwhile unused plots vege-
tables are being grown, under the
Of the National Federation
Of Women's Institutes, which num-
bers $1,000 upon its rolls.
In the kitchens, on the switch
boards, dressed in long capes OF
territorials, ferrying planes from
manufacturers to service stations,
In q thousand and one posts, con-
spicuous and hidden, the women Of
Britain are working beside their
brothers for the victory they feel
sure viii come to the tight little
ISLE" their historic sireland. And,
In the front-line trenches Of this
dreadful confiict-in their very
front yards-the women are keep
ing their chins up, hopeful that on
the morrow, over the eastern hori-
zon, will not come an engine of de-
struction-a Nad warplane-but the
benediction Of Z morning Of peace.
Evening star., 1940-12-01

housing are among the parts that
womankind In Germany is engaging
in these strenuous war days. And
women are taking their stand in
the entertainment field to encour-
age the morale of the troops.
Behind bank counters, in post Of
fees, in railway stations, as collec-
tors and drivers aboard buses and
street cars, as station masters, in
factories, doing elestrical, mechan-
ical, optical and other tasks, and
even in the heavy industries. women
are found They are in the labor
service camps - they are aiding
peasant women, whose husbands are
at the front-they are caring for
refugees.
Feminine activities are centered
in the Deutsches Frauenwerk. head
ed by Gertrude Scholtz-K Klink, who
is on the board of the German Red
Cross and the women's department
In the German Labor Front. CO.
operating with the Bund Deutscher
Madel-the girls branch of the Hit
Ter Youth. So, womankind in the
Third Reich in wartime, under the
aegis of National Socialism.
And what of Italy? Ugo v. dan
nunzio Of the Italian Library Of
Information tells this writer: Be
cause in this present conflict Italy
has modified only partially, it has
NJ a ryAf 10
place men with women on farms or
otherwise; nor are women ambu-
lance drivers used. Many women
do canteen work.
I'VE may say that the outstand-
ing woman connected with the Red
Cross, relief and welfare organiza-
ton is the italian Crown Princess"
says Mr.. d'Annunzio. "She is de-
voting all Of her time to these or.
ganizations."
Required by Fascists.
But today 1t Is recalled that In
1891 the Fascist party enacted .
law directing that women are to be
mobilized "for productive work, for
nursing and for defense against
aerial attack" If necessary in war
time.
In the famous march Of Musso-
nni to the royal palace In Bone
October 28, 1922, women participat-
ed in the procession. In their
branch Of the Fascist party, women
have upward Of 1000 900 members
and in the Associations Of the
Families Of the War Dead are
gathered the wives, children, moth
ers and relatives Of these deceased.
"In any national emergency the
members Of these associations do
all in their power to serve their
country, at other times they assist
any Of the members who are in
need and the disabled men," writes
the authoress, Maria Castellani.
And during the World War, it is
recalled that women Of Italy en-
rolled by the thousands In the Red
Cross, others aided the armed forces
directly behind the lines, others
toiled In the factories and on the
farms and In onices.
Hard-pressed Britain finds it,
women folk valiantly In the fore
front Of defense. Mustered for the
big push are between 100000 and
1000, 900 women In workshops and
factories. In the uniforms Of the
King are the Women's Auxiliary
Air Force, the women's Auxiliary
Territorial Service and the Wom-
Evening star., 1940-12-01

immediate neighborhood, for prior
to its erection a cabin near. the
foot Of Twelfth street" was built In
1858 and served Its purpose for II
years. e~.e
The earlier building was a frame
structure, 30 by so feet, with 1l-foot
ceilings. 1t was divided into two
rooms, with seats for so pupils In
Evening star., 1940-12-01

Many Landmarks Erased
BY Modern Structures
In Southwest Section
3 Memorial Junior High, With
B. Student Body of $50, to
= Be Dedicated Saturday
By John CI0setf Proctor.

old resident Of the Capital would though
Southwest Washington in for house cleaning renovation
transformation; still
many Island being may
be caIin i the South
years back Of houses between
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1940-05-23
sRHIrraal1L~
South Unity

George Kind is visiting a week
or more at the home Of his son
and daughter-in-law, Mr.. and Mrs.
Walter Kind.
Mr.. and Mrs. Clemens Hummer
and son and Mrs. Alvin Hummer
visited Sunday evening at the Chas.
Hummer home.
Mr.. and Mrs. Walter Kind and
daughter, Marcella, and George
Kind were Sunday dinner and sup
per guests of Mr.. and Mrs. Ernest
Meyer and also visited Mr.. and
Mrs. Carl Rosenow, of Long Prai-
RE.
Mr.. and Mrs. Harland Upton and
son, of Georgeville, Mr.. and Mrs.
Ernest Larson and son visited Sat
urday with Mr.. and Mrs. Clinton
Upton.
Mrs. Chas. Hummer spent Mon
day with Mrs. Alvin Hummer.
Mr.. and Mrs. Walter Kind and
daughter, Marcella, George Kind
and son, Arvin, were Sunday eve
ming callers of Mr.. and Mrs. VIM.
Rapp and family.
Mr.. and Mrs. J. C. Matthiesen
attended the farewell party on
Florence Holme held at the George
Essler home Thursday evening.
Mrs. Walter Kind and daughter
called on Mrs. J. c. Matthiesen Sat
urday.
A large number of folks from this
vicinity attended the outdoor show
and free dance at Elrosa Friday
evening.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1940-05-23

Is spending q two weeks vacation
at the home of her mother, Mrs
One Gross.
Jim Conlin called at the F. J.
Tank home Saturday afternoon.
The following attended the group
meeting Friday afternoon which
was held at the home of Mrs. Bill
Botz: Mrs. Al Bohn, Mrs. J. +.
Schumacher, Mrs. Minnie Gamradt
Mrs. Henry Poppe, Mrs. AL Fred
rickson and daughter, Marlyce,
Mrs. Ziegler, Mrs. Lilienthal, Mrs.
f. ]. Tank, Mrs. SvenneIby, Mrs.
Heuer and daughter, Wanda, Mrs.
Joe Botz and Mrs. Irwin Tank and
son, Wayne. After the meeting a
dainty lunch was served by Mrs.
Botz.
Mr.. and Mrs. Ed Won Wahlde
and family spent Sunday afternoon
at the August Schmit home at
Padua.
Mr.. and Mrs. d. r. Wolfe called
at the John Wolfe home Saturday
evening.
Mr.. and Mrs. Theodore Sonneck-
er and family spent Sunday eve
ming at the Gerhart Hellerman
home.
Miss Mae Lambrecht and Rudy
Tank called at the F. y. Tank
home Sunday evening.
Mrs. Ronald Stewart, Mrs. Gus
GRADER, Mrs. Curly, Clarence Ora
Der, Rudolph Sandau and Lester
Blaski spent Sunday afternoon at
the home of Mr.. and Mrs. Arthur
GRADER at Grey Eagle.
Mr.. and Mrs. Lawrence Tank
and son, Loren, were dinner guests
at the Frank Tank home Friday.
Mr.. and Mrs. Leo Radermacker
and family spent Sunday afternoon
at the home of Mr.. and Mrs. Ted
Soennecker.
Mrs. F. J. Tank, Mrs. Svenneby,
Mrs. AL Bohne, Mrs. William Botz,
Mrs. Andrew Nelson, Mrs. j.
F. Schumacher, Mrs. Joe Botz,
Mrs. Paul Guelsow. Mrs. Henry
Poppe and Mrs. Oscar Mey-
ers attended the conference Tues
day afternoon held at the hall at
Randall, Mimi. A program was
given including a very interesting
talk by Rev. Glade, Of Minneapolis
and by Mrs. Sell, of st. Cloud.
After the meeting a pot luck lunch
was served.
Mr.. and Mrs. William Richards
spent Wednesday evening at the
home Of Mr.. and Mrs. Clifford
Conlin.
Mrs. Irwin Tank and son were
Sunday dinner guests and spent
the afternoon at the home of Mr..
and Mrs. Henry Karsten.
Mrs. Gus GRADER and son, Clar-
ence. Mrs. Curly, Rudy Sandua
and Lester Blaski were Sunday
dinner guests at the home Of Mr..
and Mrs. Ronald Stewart.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1940-05-23
Padua

Mr.. and Mrs. Leonard Gruber
and Sally Gruber were guests at
Hubert Rouslanges Sunday.
Sylvester Stienhoff returned to
his home after being employed at
George Esslers for a short time.
Mr.. and Mrs. Ralph Job and
family, of Freeport, spent Sunday
afternoon at Mike Esslers.
Bernice Wiener spent a few days
last week at Ben Hinnenkamps.
Earl McLeove, of Hopkins, Mis-
souri,, called at Mike Esslers Fri
day.
Mrs. Emil Wiener spent Tuesday
at Ben Hinnenkamps.
Alphonse Stienhoff underwent
an operation for mastoids Saturday
at Minneapolis.
Mrs. Hubert Rouslang and AL
VIVA Essler assisted Mrs. Frank
Essler with her work Monday.
Mr.. and Mrs. Emil Wiener and
Lorraine were Sank Centre callers
Saturday.
Mr.. and Mrs. Herman Imdicke
of Brooten spent Sunday afternoon
at the Ben Imdieke home.
Tony Essler spent Thursday at
Hubert Rouslangs.
Threasa Evans spent Sunday af-
ternoon at the Henry Evans home.
Mr.. and Mrs. Joe Rouslang were
Sank Centre callers Saturday.
Frank and Henry Essler were
Elrosa callers Wednesday.
Virgil Quade called at Frank
Jen's Tuesday morning.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1940-05-23
Mccormick Lake

Mr.. and Mrs. Henry Tieman and
daughter, Joann, and Mr.. and Mrs.
Ronald Stewart spent Sunday eve
ming at the home of Mr.. and Mrs.
George Berg.
Mrs. Gross and daughters, Nora
and Mary, John Wolfe and Ernest
Elliott spent Sunday evening at
the G. GRADER home.
Mr.. and Mrs. Charles Dicks and
daughter, Shirley, and son. Richard
of Alexandria, Mr.. and Mrs. F. J.
Tank and son, and Mae Lam
brecht spent Sunday afternoon and
were supper guests at the home of
Mr.. and Mrs. Max Gamradt, of
Princeton.
Mr.. and Mrs. Gus Vessel spent
Sunday afternoon at the home of
Mr.. and Mrs. Louis Rehkamp.
Bernard Gieski, of Sank Centre,
spent Tuesday afternoon at the
home of Mr.. and Mrs. Ed Won
Wahlde.
Mr.. and Mrs. Irwin Tank and
son, Wayne, called at the home Of
Mr.. and Mrs. William Richards
Sunday afternoon.
Miss Nora Gross, of Minneapolis,
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1940-05-23
sAUK CENTRE HERALD, Sank Centre, MINI.

Lawrence Klosner, Of st. Rose,
Is working here.
Mr.. and Mrs. Fred Bense and
Eileen, Dina Bense, Bernadette
Peschel, and Erwin Rosenow Of
Grey Eagle, were Friday evening
callers here.
Ida Harmeling is spending some
time, with Mr.. and Mrs. Paul Rit-
ter and family.
Bill Kreutz and a friend, of Sank
Centre, called on friends here Sun
day afternoon.
Al Harmeling and daughter, Mae
of Birchdale, visited his mother.
Mrs. Harmeling Saturday fore
noon.
Sunday guests of the Ed Albers
family were Mr.. and Mrs. Carl
Schwanke and daughters, of near
Grey Eagle.
Fern Hemmi, who attends school
in Melrose, spent the weekend at
her home.
Mr.. and Mrs, Charts Stith and
Mr.. and Mrs. Lyle Stith and fam
lily, Of Swanville, spent week ago
Sunday at the Stith cottage at
Little Birch Lake.
Mr.. and Mrs. Vivian Veneer, Mrs.
Richard Grant and Cecil Veneer
motored to Alexandria Sunday af-
ternoon.
Mr.. and Mrs. Frank Brake and
children visited Sunday afternoon
with Mr.. and Mrs. Zierden and
family in Sank Centre.