davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1940-10-19
The Widener Gift

When the National Gallery OF Art
finally is opened it will rank among
the four most important institutions
of it's kind in the world. That is the
significance of the gift announced
by Joseph E. Widener of Philadelphia
Thursday. Great pictures to the
number Of approximately one hun
dred are included in a donation
which supplements the benefactions
of Andrew w. Mellon and Samuel H.
Kress in such manner as to consti-
tute the fulfillment of vision enter
tanned by the original sponsor from
the start of his philanthropy. The
late Secretary of the Treasury had
hoped that other connoisseurS would
wish to cooperate with him in the
creation Of an establishment I'M
equaled in the Western Hemisphere.
His faith already has been justified
with abundant credit for all con-
cerned.
Mr.. Widener's gift, as it happens.
takes precedence as to date. The
paintings were collected by his
father, Peter A. B. Widener, who,
dying in 1915, left them to be con-
veyed to a gallery to be selected by
the son in one of three different
cities The Nations Capital finally
has been decided upon. Mr.. Melons
magnificent building will provide
space for the proper display of master
works appraised at from twelve to
fifty million dollars. In association
with the canvases contributed by
the founder and by his first collab-
orator the treasures from Lynnewood
Hall will form a single harmonious
exhibition of the highest and noblest
artistic genius.
That this impressive achievement
. should have occurred just now is a
circumstance worthy of particular
mention. Mr.. Widener stressed the
social value of his gift, insisting that
1t sis in practical compliance with
the trend Of the day" and another
evidence that democracy in its fullest
scope is working to preserve the fine
arts and culture" He had the right
to add, as he did, his conviction that
he was taking at least lone small step
in the direction of disarming those
individuals and ideologies that are
foreign to the American way" Mr..
Mellon and Mr. Kress were similarly
motivated. And, let it be declared
without hesitation, Rembrandt and
Vermeer, Raphael and Moroni,
Gainsborough and Reynolds, Con-
stable and Whistler were faithful
to a like ideal. AS servants of the
beautiful and the true they rejected
coercion, demanded freedom from
dictation.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1940-10-19
Asks Better Understanding
OF Turkish People.

Or Turkish People.
To the Editor of The Star:
I have just read your very interesting
leading editorial Of today bearing the
heading of 1.-THE Near East" As a Turk
feel it my duty to take the liberty Of
making few remarks.
I was in my country when the war
started, and since then, until two months
ago, have been in England where I had
the privilege of doing the Turkish broad
casts OF the B. B. c. have had OPP
portunities of observing the Turkish re-
actions to the trend of events, and I
wish to point out that it is inherent IN
the nature Of us Turks to oppose any
force that attempts to jeopardize our in
tegrity and independence. In such mat
tiers, bargaining is very alien to our ma
ture. So when you write perhaps they
would fight in any event, but the Turks
are cool-headed realists and might de-
eide to bargain rather than battle against
hopeless Odds" with the elimination of
the first word you could safely do away
with the latter part of the sentence
Furthermore your estimation of the
Turkish Army is rather conservative
one.
If I may be permitted to make one
more correction, the caricature accom-.
panying the article by Constantine
Brown, though most illustrative, lacks
precision, in the fact that it has been
years since the "fez"-that picturesque
headvear-has heen abolished in Turkey
October II. A. r. KARTAl.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1940-10-19
Hidden Assets

The Kansas City Art Institutes
contribution to preparedness is a new
addition to the curriculum, course
in camouhage. With considerable
astuteness, Director Martin has ad-
mitted into his class of thirty-seven
deceptionists number OF young
women, to get it off to a good start
with experienced personnel NJ
doubt he remembers the old Jingle,
Little dabs of powder, little gobs of
paint, make gals complexion look
like what it amt" At any rate fair
members and their brothers less
versed in camouhage will be given a
chance to try their hands at the art,
and see what they can do about
turning guns into plowshares and
the enemy into confusion.
Mr.. Martins plans call for work
on industrial plants, and according
to many, he really has something
there. It is thought that many
manufacturers would cheerfully CO.
operate to the extent of furnishing
the necessary paint, canvas, trees
and other Disgusting material, if
there was even the slimmest chance
of hiding their plants from the Ma
tional Labor Relations Board and
other administration agencies, so
that they could manufacture in
peace without being bombarded with
incessant complaints, subpoenas,
lawsuits and other weapons tending
to slow up production.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1940-10-19
This has been marygold weather.
The above is the old-fashioned SPELL

This has been marygold weather.
The above is the old-fashioned SPELL
ing.
Today this favorite flower is gen.
orally spelled marigold, but those who
love it believe it should be written
merrygold.
1t seems to have peculiar affinity for
autumn, in some ways even more so than
the chrysanthemum.
1t fairly blooms its head of, in a
manner of speaking. There are few
common ANIMALS which are greater ia
vorites than this. During the past ten
years, a great deal of experimental work
has been done with the marigold, so
that today we have new richness of
color, a longer Towering period, and
larger flowers.
Much Of the rankness of odor has
been taken out. There are really two
kinds, the yellow ones and the orange
ones. The smell, disagreeable to some,
is confined now mostly to the yellow
species.
Marigolds will bloom until frost.
In many cases, in partially protected
places, the flowers will be good long
after the leaves have been killed.
An especially nice combination in the
yard is that of marigolds and New Eng
land asters.
This combining of yellow and blue
flowers is always good one, and no
where better than with the marigold
and the aster.
Nothing is more pleasing in yard
than marigolds planted next to white
picket fence. Then the somewhat
sprawly habit of growth lends enchant-
ment to the scene, especially from out
side.
The marigolds lean through the pal
ings, and even nod over the top If
clumps Of New England asters are also
used in the fence paintings, there re-
suits magnificent picture.
Scientifically. marigold is known as
Calendula of1cinalis.
The pot marigold is often called the
calendula.
The common marigold in some lands
goes by such names as Colds, riddles
Mary Gowles, Oculus Christi
The Latin name, calendula, comes
from the belief that it is in bloom on
the calends of every month.
Despite popular belief, it was not
named after the Virgin. It's name is
said to have been corruption Of merso
meargealla. the Anglo-Saxon term for
marsh marigold.
In later times. however, it became as
ISOLATED with the name Of Mary. and
even with Queen Mary in the 18th CEN
fury.
The Older botanists seemed to put
| great stress on the opening and closing
Of the pot marigold. Today home gar.
deners never stop to think of it. But in
the old days. it was believed to close a,
the setting of the sun, and to open a,
| sunrise.
| Even the great Linnaeus believed that
1t opened on schedule, but he claimed
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1940-10-19
Plane Standardization

One Of the most important steps in
speeding up the production of COM
bat airplanes for the United States
and Great Britain is to eliminate as
far as possible differences in plane
designs. This process cannot be car
ried too far without destroying the
balance of air power, but there seems
to be no reason why minor differ
ences between United States and
British models of the same general
types of airplanes cannot be adjusted.
A number of the manufacturers
today are producing two versions of
the same airplanes, one for the
United States Army or Navy, the
other an export version for the Brit
ish. The two differ in unimportant
respects as regards performance, but
the differences are important in the
light of production methods. Sepa-
rate dies and jigs are required; in
some cases separate production lines
must be set up. There Is much dupli-
cation of essential and hard-to-get
tools.
Secretary of the Treasury Morgen-
thau has announced that under
the simplification or standardization
program some of the warplanes pro-
duced in this country for the United
States and British forces will be
identical, henceforth, except as to
accessories. This will make possible
the preservation by the United
States of specially developed Ameri-
can devices or equipment for our
exclusive use. Such a program should
result in the immediate releasing of
tools, workmen and space for con-
centration on single-line production
of one model rather than two es-
sentially similar models
Another important step in the
same direction is the appointment
by President Roosevelt of special
committee composed Of Mr.. Morgen-
thau, Secretary of War Stimson,
Secretary of the Navy Knox and
William S. Knudsen, Defense Com
mission production specialist, to
smooth out production obstacles.
The committee would deal particu-
larly with problems arising in fac
tories which are engaged stimuli
taneously in production under Army,
Navy and British contracts.
These steps toward speeding up of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1940-10-19
Japan Held Blind
To Own Interests.
To the Editor Of The Star;


The militarist dictators of Japan, who
are blinded by an apparent triumphant
manifestation of brute force in Western
civilization and in international rela-
lions appear to be determined to sacri-
flee to an ephemeral phenomenon their
lands amity with the only powers that
ever were friendly to NipponAEngland
and the United States.
Nearly a century ago an American
envoy of good will, Commodore Perry,
tr,mpeted at the gates of Japan, then
a recluse nation that was governed by
usurper, the Shotgun, whose title
defined him as militarist. and by treaty
the land of the Mikado was opened to
the diplomacy and commerce of the
nations.
That treaty resulted in an event with
no parallel in history. Negotiation of
the treaty aroused the Japanese people
They rightly challenged the lawfulness
of the Shoguns act, and suddenly were
aware that for centuries military re-
gimes governed the land. while their
only sovereign was excluded from public
interests and was compelled to live most
frusally In Kyoto. remote from the seat
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1940-10-19
of power. and in a condition little better
than that of a prisoner

of power, and in a condition little better
than that Of prisoner.
japanese scholars turned to their
native religion, Shinto, for illumination,
and realizing that the Shogunate con-
stituted usurpation and an indignity
to the being whose person and will are
inviolable, their expositions to the dali
mics, or princes, and the Samurai, their
retainers, turned the nation against
the Shogunal imposition: the usurpation
was abolished by force, the Emperor
returned to- his throne and exalted
religious position.
The restoration was thus, in part, a
contribution of the United States to
Japan's rebirth and advent in the
society of nations.
No japanese who is acquainted with
the history of his nation is ignorant of
the fact that the only genuine good
neighbors of his race were the Anglo
American peoples. Previous to the es-
Enlistment by the United States and
England of diplomatic relations with
her, Japan's meetings with and observa-
tons of Westerners were unpleasant.
Their object was ACKNOWLEDGMENT. eco
nomic when not territorial; and Japan
deemed that her safety required her to
exclude them from her ports, allowing
only the Netherlanders to maintain a
closely restricted factory in an insignifi-
cant and quarantined island where they
engaged in the only commerce that was
permissible with Japan.
From the revival of Japan, begun by
the United States, and befriended by
England, to the rise of the gumbatsu,
or militarists, the American people by
their sympathy and diplomacy, and the
British by their diplomacy and fleet,
contributed to the steady increase Of
Japan's prosperity, prestige and power.
and except for the policies of WASH
ington and London in respect of Eastern
Asia and the Pacific, the japanese may
of those regions and the fate of Japan
today.
The enlightened and liberal people Of
Japan know that lawlessness and injus-
tice cannot command the earth, that
inherent in them are the elements Of
dissolution, that from the dawn Of civil
lization nations that endeavored to live
by the sword persisted by the sword,
and that the British Empire endures
for the reason that the English con-
stitution's foundations are the rights of
men, law, justice, and freedom.
Unless the legislature Of Japan be
as servile as was that of Tiberius, the
voice of Japan that is constitutionally
nearest to the Emperor and to the
people will be heard. The lawful rep
resentatives of the Japanese cannot
agree to the immolation of their land
at the altar of militarism. and they
would not sacrifice their Emperor for
the earth. The Emperor, the land and
the race are being placed in situation
of danger by the militarists, who pro-
claim Japan to be in the camp of the
lawless predatory nations. The Emperor
and the legislature each could save the
nation; the throne by sovereign right,
the legislature by the constitution.
October Is. EDWARD CONN.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1940-10-19
THIS AND THAT
BIZ Charles z. Tr1ce1UeH.

that 1t opened exactly at 9 o'clock in the
morning and closed at in the after
noon.
of the kind, but remain open, and how
open, all the time.
There are all sorts of marigolds today,
but they mostly come from the Tagetes,
or French and African marigolds. This
is how We get such taller plants, with
such varieties as the dahlia lowered,
and various crumped blooms, and such
a range Of colors within the two desig-
nations Of orange and yellow.
In India the marigold is a sacred
flower.
In England there is a belief that if
the pot marigold is not open by o'clock,
thunder may be expected.
1t is said that to dream Of marigolds
means that one will have riches. Per-
haps this shows as we'll as anything
how the Interpretation Of dreams comes
about.
Picture some one trying to write
dream book" of the old fashioned sort.
Why. even the name, marigold, would
suggest riches! And when to this idea is
added the mental picture of the round
golden ball of the flower, there is no
doubt in the world of what the Inter
probation" will be.
More elaborate, streamlined dream
books are on the market today, but prob
ably they are no more scientific than
their predecessors.
Psychiatrists have a sort of dream COL
lection of their own. 1t is interesting to
compare their ideas of what dreams
mean with the ideas of the old seers be-
fore psychology was invented.
The casual observer will wonder if one
side really knows any more than the
other, and may be forgiven for putting
as much trust in one type Of dream in
depreciation as in the next
Shakespeare mentions the marigold
several times
Herbalists once put great stock in the
flowers and leaves of this plant.
1t was believed to be of such great
virtue that even to look at it drew evil
"humours" out of the head and strength
ened the eyesight
Mrs. Greve. in her monumental
Modern Herbal" says:
1T has been asserted that a marigold
flower, rubbed on the affected part, is an
admirable remedy for the pain and
swelling caused by the sting Of wasp
or bee.
"A lotion made from the flowers IS
most useful for sprains and wounds, and
a water distilled from them is good for
inflamed and sore eyes"
The real marsh marigold. Caltha
palustris, is dark green plant with a
snowy yellow flower somewhat resem-
bling a large buttercup. The scientific
name means marsh goblet or cup
Called marybuds. it was used in
church festivals in the Middle Ages, and
made into garlands on May day.
The marsh marigold has acrid prop
critics which are not known in the true
marigolds.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1940-10-19
Would Stop Gasoline
Sales to Japan.

To the Editor of The Star:
In an editorial on October 7 you
stated that Japan. with a foothold in
French Indo-China may be in position
to bar shipments over the Burma road
The implication is that Japans bombing
planes would be able to halt traffic on
that famous highway
The japanese bombers no doubt will
be able to do considerable damage to
the Burma road but will not be able to
halt traffic entirely. 1t is recalled that
incessant bombing of Chinese railways
in the area of military operations never
stopped railway traffic. The Canton
Kowloon Railway was bombed every day
for months by Japanese bombers based
only few miles from the rail line. The
longest they ever succeeded in hating
traffic was five hours. The japanese
bombers will have a much longer dis
lance to travel to reach the Burma road
and I doubt they will be able to close
traffic more than a few hours during
month.
At the same time it does seem stupid
for this Government to follow policy
of encouraging reopening of the Burma
road for traffic, on one hand, and send
ing aviation gasoline to Japan for bomb
ing Of that road, on the other hand 1t is
we'll recognized by now that high-grade
gasoline of less than 87-octane content
is still adequate to fuel japanese war
planes, which do not require the high
maneuverability of British planes, for
example, which must meet and fight the
opposing air force.
hope the United States will not con-
tinue to send aviation gasoline and other
war supplies to Japan until the very
hour and moment we are at war with
her. War seems quite possible, if not
probable, and we should not wait until
actual outbreak of hostilities until we
stop these shipments.
The time has come to stop shipping
aviation gasoline to Japan before it
causes a national scandal as did the
shipment of scrap iron to Japan.
October A. EARL H. LEAF.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1940-10-19
How Many Questions
Can You Answer?

The popularity of the quiz Is not a
passing fad. The answering of questions
is the Oldest form of education-of find
ing out about things. 1t is a check upon
ones knowledge. The Haskin Quiz Book
containing $50 questions and answers on
such subjects as Politics, Government
History, Biographies, Sports, Familiar
Sayings, Science, Geography, Abbrevi-
ations, and numerous others is Just what
you need to test your knowledge of these
topics. Try your luck and see how you
rate. To secure your copy inclose 10
cents in coin, wrapped in this clipping.
and mail to The Star Information
Bureau.
Name.
Street.
-------.--------------
City.
State.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1940-10-19

production follow the recent request
of the War Department to aircraft
plants to go on 24-hour day basis
to increase deliveries. They are re-
assuring indications Of the increased
emphasis which is being placed on
speed in production Of planes for our
own needs and for Britain.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1940-10-19
Evodinq the Law

1HSIrucLIOIlS recently Sent 10 DeIn-
ocratic campaign workers by Edward
J. Flynn, national party chairman,
can only be construed as a thinly
yelled invitation to violate the spirit
of the Hatch Act and the Federal
Corrupt Practices Act.
The material sent out by Mr.. Flynn
touches on several matters. 1t is
pointed out, for example, that Fed
eral laws prohibit the making Of
political contributions by firms en-
gagged in performing or negotiating
for Government contracts. But in a
memorandum prepared by Oliver A.
Quayle, jr., Democratic national
treasurer, which the campaign work.
ers are urged to study carefully" it
is stated that nothing in the law
prohibits the solicitation and receipt
of contributions from officers or en-
ployes of such corporations.
This law was passed for two pur-
poses: First, to prevent corporations
from giving brides in the form of
political contributions to secure Gov
eminent business, and, second, to
shield officials of whatever party
happens to be in power from the
temptation to use Government con-
tracts as means, in effect, of ex-
torting such contributions. These
detectives are eminently desirable,
but that does not prevent high off,
Gals of the Democratic party from
suggesting methods whereby their
attainment might be effectively de-
feated.
There is another and more de-
plorable aspect of this latest bit of
Democratic strategy, however, which
should receive the most thoughtful
public consideration.
After calling attention to the fact
that the laws expressly forbid the
soliciting of contributions from, or
the making of them by certain
classes of persons, such as those on
home relief or those working for
relief organizations like the w. P. A.,
Mr.. Flynn, in a covering letter, said:
Even where the type of Govern
ment or State enploye cannot
engage in political activity or
even make contributions tand
fhoro will
from the annexed legal opinions,
their friends and relatives are in
no way prohibited from such &C
tivities.
Under any Interpretation, that
language invites party workers to
solicit contributions from relatives
and friends of needy persons on re-
lief, for whose protection the Hatch
Act was enacted. Presumably, under
Mr.. Flynn's construction of the law,
1t is illegal to solicit contribution
from a man working on a w. P. A.
job, but there would be no objection
to urging the mans wife to give a
few dollars to the Democratic war
chest. 1t has not occurred to Mr..
Flynn, evidently, that pressure ap-
piled to a relative of relief client
can be just as effective and more
reprehensible than the direct solicit
tation which Congress and the Presi-
dent have tried to outlaw
Having already indicated his ap-
proval of the Hatch law when, as
President. he signed it, Mr.. Roose-
welt, as his party's candidate, now is
under an obligation to repudiate in
unmistakable terms this effort Of
his political lieutenants to circum-
vent the spirit If not the letter of
the statute.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1940-10-19
Letters to the Editor

Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address OF
the 1Uriter, although the use OF
a pSeudonynl for publication is
permissible. The Star reserves
the right to edit all letters Nth
q Uie1U to condensation.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1940-10-19
October Rose

The roses rare
OF summertime
Were lovely, fair,
But more sublime
And sweeter still
And header
The scent you spill
Yes, shapelier
And gayer, too,
Than all Of those
In June, are YOU
October rose.
BULA L. DEEB.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1940-10-19

The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to
the use tor republication OF all news dispat ches
credited TO it or not otherwise credited IN this
paper and also the local published herein.
All rights of publication OF special dlspa tches
herein also reserved.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1940-10-19
Member of the Associated Press

Entered as second-class matter post office,
Washington, D. c.