davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Imperial Valley press., 1940-03-28
Among
Our YESTERDAYS

Apparently it was tough shedding
for the grand jury of 20 years ago.
They didn't have any sensational
Little case to occupy them, but were
forced to turn their attentions to
this subject, as outlined in a news
account of the time:
Flooding of roads throughout the
county by overfloWs from irrigation
bitches is being given thorough
investigation by the grand jury.
Report is to the eject that so
many complaints have been made
of these overfloWs that the grand
jury has decided to look into the
matter and make a report of why
such q state exists.
1T is said that much of the trou-
BILE is due to farmers not having
bitches large enough to handle the
water that is allowed them, and that
a. consequence there are overfloWS
into the roadWays Roaming cattle
during the night tend to keep the
water soaked roads cut up, making
driving of motor cars and other We
HlcleS not OF the best.
One phase of the situation that
will be looked into is why there are
not more prosecutions of parties re-
sponsible for this condition of af-
fairs. 1t is said that the latest act
of supervisors in reducing the
amount of fine to be assessed
against such offenders has been the
means of farmers becoming more
negligent in the matter of keeping
their water confined to their own
bitches.
Several years ago the fine for
such an offense was $500 or a six
month Jail sentence, but the amount
of fine was later reduced by the
supervisors to $50. Inability of jus
tees of the peace to assess great
er fine, if they thought the occas-
ion warranted it, is said to have
discouraged these officials in hando
ling such cases"
Imperial Valley press., 1940-03-28
Bruce Cation in Washington
Dissects the News

national figures as Mrs. Roosevelt
and Mayor La Guardia gave it their
active support.
Shortly before the week was
to begin, supporters Of the UCA
PAWA organized the National Coun-
Gil to Aid Agricultural Workers and
opened an appeal for funds. Since
this union is a c. l. o. affiliate. AL
Ian Haywood, organizational direct
or OF c. I. O., sent notice to C. l. @
unions to lay off National Share
troopers Week In Washington,
Gardner Jackson of Labor's Nom
Partisan League wrote letters to To-
cal sponsors of the week asserting
that the Tenant Farmers Union is
"a spoon-fed group kept alive by
contributions from generouSSpir
citizens of northern cities and
charging that its activities are a
waste of time. energy and money.
Imperial Valley press., 1940-03-28
MEMBER:

MEMBER:
American Newspaper Pub
fishers Association. Nation
al Editorial Association.
California Newspaper Pub
fishers Association.
Imperial Valley press., 1940-03-28

Recent reports that Germany has
been getting a lot of War-uSeful
materials from the United States via
Soviet Russia don't seem to be
borne out by the Commerce Depart
ment's figures. U. S. exports to Rus
STA have gone up since last Septem-
Der, but apparently no more than
would be accounted for by RuaSia's
inability to buy from nations now
involved in the war.
In the last four months of 1899.
for instance, the United States sold
Russia gasoline and fuel oil worth
Sl950O00. as compared with S420,-
600 in the last quarter of 1888. The
1899 total, however. was well unden
the total for 1893 and for 1887 as
well. Americans have recently been
selling substantial quantities of tin,
copper and rubber but the depart
ment's experts say none of these
quantities have been great enough
to allow any appreciate re-export
from Russia to Germany.
Imperial Valley press., 1940-03-28
Thoughts for the Day

The Lord shall reward the doer Of rU according
to his wickednesS-II Samuel 3 80
Imperial Valley press., 1940-03-28
Famous Sayings

of every week month, year, but remember He
pays in the end.-Anne of Austria.
Imperial Valley press., 1940-03-28

TON.-Unhappy as the
plight of the 5harecropper IS, there
doesn't seem to be any way to keep
his friends from fighting among
themselves over who is going to help
him.
Fight centerS between the South
ern Tenant Farmers Union, ON tie
one hand. and the c. I. O.'s United
Cannery, Agricultural, Packing and
Allied Workers of America on the
other. More accurately it is between
the rival left-Wing groups which
back these two organizations. So
cialists have lined up behind the
Tenant Farmers Union. Communists
behind the although, of
course, each union also has many
supporters affiliated with neither
ism
Row came out in the open recent
" in connection with observance of
National Sharecroppers Week.
Imperial Valley press., 1940-03-28
NOTED FIGURES
AID FUNDS DRIVE

This annual appeal to northern
liberals for funds has for three
years been the chief means by which
the Tenant Farmers Union filled
its war chest. The week" usually
gets quite a play, this wear such
Greenbelt cooperator., 1940-08-29
OxOn Hill Late Rally
Beats ShamrOCkS

oxon Hill, Prince Georges County champ ons for
the past years, visited reebelt Last Saturday,
August IL, to battle With our own shamocks. A
tough they had during their stay heres but de-
parted with to decision under their belts. This
only the locals fifth defeat of the season, and
with little better judgment on few occasions,
they could have made It victory.
Jumping into a five run lead In the first three
innings, it looked though the locals were headed
for number 20, but the visitors concentrated attack
in the fourth, fifth, seventh, and eighth innings
turned the tables boys. Boggs gave up II hits
and struck out 8, while he and his mates could on
" reach the slants Of Faircloth for 10 safetiess
Therril and Zerwick led the locals hitting, each
getting 2 for l., while Mdwen was the slugger Of
the game, connecting for In 5, followed closely by
Faircloth, VINO got out of ,, one triple.
Sunday, August IS, against ut. Rainier, in an alb
breviated affair, which was stopped by rain, the
Shamrocks made 1t victory number 20, by to
score. After q shaey first inning, Holochwost set
tied down and pitched hitless ball for the balance
Of short contests In the meantime, led by Thomp-
and NcDonald the locals scared up six hits good
for six and victory. The game lasted exactly
"A innings, Just enough to be official. This
the second ght game that the locals played err
orless ball. Keep 1t up, boys.
BOX SCORE
Greenbelt cooperator., 1940-08-29
H0EoMERS ORGANIZE go. from Page

price the exact size and location of the lots
Will be commenced as the Boerd of Directors
is elected.
Selection of an architect and contractor is also
high the list of jobs for the incoming Board OF
Directors. The group has agreed to utilize TIE SER
vices of architect architectural assoc tion
and one rae tor in order To obtain maximum saw
ings.
unique feature OF the cooperative is that while
indi vdual nerssir is conterpleted the cooperative
plans to buy the house of anyone lea wing the CON-
mum ty. It Is also planned to have the cooperative
purchase cost less depreciaticr the homes which
have been permitted to deteriorate to the extent that
they become unsa fe, unsanitay detrEent to the
community. In WAYS the deterioraton on ofneiG Gh-
borhoods and consequent obstruction of values, so
COMMON in the usual community, will be avoided.
Shares of stock sold to members will provide the
funds for purchase.
The cost of becoming MEMBER is $40, ten Of which
is for a service charge and ten for the first share
OF stock. The member obligates himself to buy
five shares at ten dollars each and to build
home within year of the date OF the Lease. Ap-
., ;.,s in the ';:Ss:s % %
drug stores
Greenbelt cooperator., 1940-08-29
sxnM1Ne MEET TO BE HELD SEPTEMBER 18th

The final areenbe1t Swimming Meet Of the 1910
Will be held Wednesday, September at Pm.
There will be events for six different age groups
Bronze medals Will be awarded the winners of each
event gold medals vi II be awarded those scoring
the most points in their class. Any resident OF
Greenbelt may enter the meet. All persons M shing
to swim the meet urged to sign for the events
on the bulletin board the lobby of the swimming
pool before the day of the meet.
The events and the ir classes follow:
AGE $40 BOYS GIRLS
10 Yd. Free style 10 Yd. Free Style
10 Yd. Elem. back stroke 10 Yd. Elem. Back Stroke
Water dodge ball Water dodge ball
AGE lO-l4
20 Yd. Free style 20 Yd. Free style
20 Yd. Back stroke 20 Yd. Sack stroke
10 Yd. Relay e swimrers) 10 Yd. relay e swimners
Balloon Egg spoon race
AGE Is AND UP
20 Yd. Free style 20 Yd. Free style
20 Yd. Breast stroke 20 Yd. Back stroke
80 Yd. Free style 20 Yd. Breast stroke
Pa ANA race Umbrella
Diving for boys under IL Diving, for girls wderA
Diving for swimmers over Il Diving, for swimmers
Anyone entering the meet may get practice IN
sprinting, racing starts and turns at the pool dur
ing the morning, after ihnday, august 2o. The swim
ming staff vi II give instruction.
Greenbelt cooperator., 1940-08-29
BOY SCOUT NOTES

The Board Of Review for Prince Georges scouts
held at the Legion headquarters Last Saturday
ing Taylor and Chief County Examiner Converse.
Three Greenbe1t boys and IS from the county at
large successfully passed tests for merit awards.
Herbie Hall, Jack Gale, and Tom Freeman were the
three Greenbelters who personal health and first
aid merit badges.
On September 27 ASST slant Scoutmaster John C.
Gale asked to install at Camp Roosevelt the
first Explorer Patrol" in the National Capt. tol Area
Twelve Greenbelt Boy Scouts Will help Scoutnaster
Gale demonstrate tratlolazing, boating, terrain In
spection, water testing, safety aid, and cook
ing.
Camp Roosevelt accommodates 1000 boys annually.
The engine being used In the Sea Scouts 20 foot
coast guard cutter taken from the old Meade
army tank front Of the American Legion Headquart-
ers.
The boys anchor their boat, the Same Marie" at
Browns Cove on the Severn River.
Greenbelt cooperator., 1940-08-29
TEAM STANDING
WOMEN'S BOWLING NEWS

The women bowlers Of Greenbe1t held their first
meeting of the 1o4o-lo41 season on August los and
plan to hold their final meeting Monday September
9, at $500 P.L. in the Social Room Of the schoo1s
At the first meeting enough women signed up to
form eight team League Captains were land
the bowlers viii be ASST ned to the various captains
at the final meeting.
Greenbelt cooperator., 1940-08-29

Two Base Hts, Hameman Uhrinak - Moore.
Three Base Hits, Fairc1oth Decarlo Hayes.
Stolen Bases. Uhrinak Zerwick Boggs jacob
Sacrifices, Russo
Struck out, by, Fairc1oth ~ Boggs (e).
Base on balls-offi Fairc1oth ~.
Umpire: k1ens
Greenbelt cooperator., 1940-08-29
WOMEN'S SOFTBALL LEAGUE

AL games played according to schedule Last
week the Women's Softba11 League. The High School
Girls and the Sansone's both two games to remain
tied for first place in this, the Second Half
On Tuesday, August q, the High School Girls
trounced the Dove's by IL to score while the
Sansones found the o1sen's a bit more stubborn be-
fore nosing them out by the score Of to %
The HI On School Girls made 1t two In row Thurs
day, August %, by defeating the olsen's to 6 as
handed the Doves their second strai GIT
defeat for the week, IL to g
Greenbelt cooperator., 1940-08-29

MONTGOMERY WARD ORDER OFFICE
,24 "E" STREET, NV. REPUBLIC ZOO
Evening star., 1940-11-27
Whitney Heads Arbiters,
Asks Industrial Peace
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, Nov. 27-Cornelius
v. Whitney, accepting the presi-
dency of the American Arbitration
Association today, asked American
business, Government and labor to
lend strained relationships and
stand in a world at war as a solid
model of working democracy pros
pering in peace but ready for any
emergency"
Said Mr.. Whitney: "One of the
most effective weapons used by the
totalitarian rulers of Europe in their
conquest Of resisting democracies
is the fomenting of disputes within
those countries.
THAT weapon must be made to
fail in the United States. 1t must
also fail against the other republics
Of our Western Hemisphere. 1t
can only be defeated through the
building of inner unity and arbi-
tration can play an important part
in achieving this goal"
Mr.. Whitney. who is chairman
Of the Board Of Pan-American Air
ways, succeeds Franklin E. Parker,
jr., as head Of the Arbitration AS
sociation which operates tribunals
for out-of court settlement of COM
mercial disputes in upwards of 1000
cities.
Evening star., 1940-11-27
Chicuqo Livestock

CHICAGO, Nev; q an;.Hos. sold 10
to 10 cents hisher today as receipts were
shp era ssbpsa Eam Rs steers snd
yearlinss. were steady to strong. Lambs
also sold .c.n,a steady 70 strong: v,r. ..,,
dressed market also turned hisRer. best
pa whoieSaIe DSrk iSins up 30 cents at $3.50
Cattle, receipts again included about
1000 show steers. part Of which are
9e se wsh Hfay moss .sSy was s., Daa
= Inited States DEPARTMENT of Asrieul-
900: active, iO-i5 hisher than tuesday S
average top $50: bulk. good and choice
200-320 pounds ayeraging 615-3O; mostly
well well finished % iso.iso.pound sy ~ aVeraHes. unas
6.00-10; good 300-400-pound packing sows
generally 5:65-90: with 4oo-50o-pound
T salsbie cattle. 10000: calves. 1000: fed
steers a,,s and M yesII,nss % steady to strong:
good and better predominating in run:
receipts include approximately 5000 in
ternational carlot show steers and part of
ap TO on e Ssay ss sns fed rsea sh these sss
loads: most early sales, l2.0O-14 80; me-
dunn grade steers selling slow at $50 down
TO 7.5o; icy weather against ,stocker and
strong to 25 higher. with fed heifers and
cutter. cows showing maximum upturn;
best fed heifers. 1880; weighty sausage
bulls e o6 % Sealers ESQ higher. bring
salable sheep, 5000; total, 1000: late
Tuesday. fat lambs and yearlings. steady
to Is higher; extreme top. fat lambs. g. 20:
bulk good to choice fed Westerns and ma
tives, 9;40-6o: less desirable 9.25 Gown;
choice 9O-pound fed yearlings, s.65: to-
days trade, opening uneven; fat lambs
steady to strong with Tuesdays upturn;
spots Is higher; general quality less at
tractive: early bulk good to choice native
and fed Western lambs. 900 and g.65;
fed lambs, $50: nothing done on year
lings: feeding lambs active. steady; ave
loads range comeback feeding lambs.
9.00-25.
Evening star., 1940-11-27
New York Produce

NEW YORK. Nov. 81 dP'.-Esss. 21.4Q5;
firm. Mixed colors: Fancy to extra fanny
1924: extras 81 u; graded firsts 26la:
seconds, 23a-24: mediums, %; dirties. No.
/, 211 average checks f9Iz-2O. Re-
frigerator. fancy to extra fancy. 23h-25 "a;
extras. %; standards. 21A-22h; frsts,
21H; seconds. 19la-20; mediums, 1914;
dirties. TO-
Whites: CResales. Of premium marks. .3s-
40I2); nearby and Midwestern premium
marks. 35-371s; specials 34ta; standards
81: (resales of excahnge to fancy heavier
mediums. 27N-302.): mediums 26a-2634 :
pullets. 2o-28la. Refriseratpr. nearby and
231a-24; flrsts, 21h-22: mediums. 22-221a
Browns: Nearby and Midwestern fancy
to extra fancy, 1896; specials. 33la;
standards, 29-29h; mediums, 26; pullets,
22-22h
Duck eegs-33-34
Butter, 6S7.905. steady. Creamery:
Higher than 90 score and premium marks.
3434-35l2; 81 score, cash market, 3417;
Ss-a1 score. 32h-34A: s4-S7 score. 1892.
Cheese, 516,577; hrm. State, whole milk
fats held 1889. 25-25s4: June. 1910. 81
81 "a: current makes, I9-19h.
Produce prices UNCHANGED.
Evening star., 1940-11-27
Foreign Exchange

NEW YORK. Nov. 27 lP.-The dollars
of Hong Kong and Shanghai continued to
today.
cent at 1887 U. s. cents and the Shanghai
currency reeeded .o3 OF cent to 6.07
Under mild pressure was the Swiss franc
at 1921 cents UNCHANGED were sterling
at S4.04 and the Canadian dollar at s7ia.
Late rates follow (Great Britain in dol
lars, others in cents):
Official Canadian Control Board rates
for U. s. dollars: Buying. 10 per cent
premium selling. IL Der cent premium.
equivalent to discounts on Canadian dol
lars in New York Of buying. 9.91 per cent,
selling, 900 per cent.
ket. 12ls per cent discount. or s7.06A
u s. cents.
Great Britain. official Bankers FOREIGN
Exchange Committee rates.. buying. 4.Q2;
selling. 4.04; open market. cables. 4.04;
Germany. 4Q.07n: benevolent, 1850;
Finland, 205n; Greece, .6Sn: Hungary,
19.77n; Italy. 5.06: Portugal. 4;0l; Ru-
1921; Yugoslavia. 2.35n.
Latin America.
Argentine official. 29.77; free. %. go;
Brazil official. sos: free. sos: Mexico
japan. as.4s: Hons ze5 ts:'i ksa.. 1887; sA.ns-
5Rstes in spot cables unless otherwise
indicatedD
n Nominal.
Evening star., 1940-11-27

ira dividend of 50 a common share
and a regular quarterly dividend
of SIPS common share, both pay
able January Q to holders of rec
ord December 7.
Directors of Niles-Bement-Po
Co., tool manufacturers, voted a
dividend of rs cents a share, pay
able December IA to holders of rec
ord December S. Earlier this year
the company made two payments
of rs cents each and one of so
cents.
Parker Wolverine Co. directors
ordered a stock dividend of 10 per
cent, payable December 20 to hold
ers of record December 6. A cash
payment of rs cents was made ear
lier this year, same as in 1899.
Company processes metal sheets,
principally Tor the automobile in
dustry.
Evening star., 1940-11-27
Thanksgiving Week
Cuts Power Output
By the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, Nov. T.-Electric
power output in the Thanksgiving
week ended November % receded
from the record high reached in
the preceding week, the Edison Elec-
trio Institute said today.
Latest output of 2,695, ,431 900 .kilo-
watt hours was per cent less than
2,751 ,528, 900 in the preceding week,
but 8.6 per cent above 2,4V1 ,882. 900
in the comparable 1889 period.
Despite the holiday the decline
was less than seasonally expected.
Hence the Associated Press power
index rose to 134.7, the years high,
from 1342 a week earlier. The
index. based on 1929-30 as 100, stood
at 1915 a year ago.
1910 1889 1888 1897 1886
High 1347 1925 1172 1852 1198
Low - 1914 1923 1923 lib 91.9
Percentage gains over last year.
according to major geographic areas,
were reported by the institute as
follows:
New England, 4.9; Middle Atlantic,
78; Central, or; West Central, 81;
Southern States. 9: Rocky Noun
tain, 3.8; Pacific Coast, IL.
Evening star., 1940-11-27
Greek Successes Help
London Securities Mart
By the Associated Press.

LONDON, Nov. 27.-Fresh reports
of Greek successes in the war re-
suited in firm prices in the securities
market today but turnover re-
manned at near the lowest on record.
British government bonds con-
tinued to slant forward, still under
the impetus of the release Of funds
from requisitioned Canadian stocks
and prospects of December !
dividends which must find an in
vestment outlet.
In the foreign bond list Egyptian
issues attracted favorable attention.
India stocks also received additional
support.
Trade in the industrial group
focused on brewery shares but
prices elsewhere held up.
Evening star., 1940-11-27
81 Dividend Ordered
Bye. B. 80. Bourd
By the Associated Press.

CHICAGO, Nov. 27.-Directors of
the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy
Railroad have declared a dividend
of 81 per share on the capital stock,
payable December "a to stockhold-
ers of record December IA. A SIM
liar payment was made in 1889.
Ralph Budd, president, estimated
that the roads net income for 1910
would be slightly more than in
1889, when it was 1851, ,339, equal
to $214 a share.
Evening star., 1940-11-27
Northern Pacific Buys
ID Giant Locomotives
BY the Associated Press.

Dy bLS hSoOtldIcu Eicoo.
ST. PAUL, Nov. 27.-Purchase of
IA giant steam locomotives for high
speed transcontinental freight and
passenger service was announced
yesterday by President G. E. Denney
of the Northern Pacific Railway.
Cost of the engines and six Diesel
electric switching units to be ordered
later is approximately $4,000, 900, Mr..
Denney said.
Eight of the new steam locomo-
tives have been ordered from the
Baldwin Locomotive Works, Phila-
delphia. Six other locomotives of
the Eat type are to be built by the
American Locomotive Co, Schenec-
tady, N. Y.
Evening star., 1940-11-27
| William White
Named President
IOf Luckuwunnd
3, the Assoeiate Press.

NEW YORK, Nov. 27.-William
White, who started as a clerk with
the Erie Railroad In 1918, became
one OF the youngest railroad presi-
dents in the country today, when he
was elected executive head of the
Delaware, Lackawanna 81 Western
Mr.. White, 43, moves to the top as
successor to John NJ. Davis. who re-
signed at SO to become chairman OF
the board of the Lackawanna.
Since 1898 Mr.. White has been vice
president and general manager OF
the Virginian Railway, with head
quarters at Norfolk.
Evening star., 1940-11-27
Wholesale Price Index Up
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
Higher textile prices were cedited
by the National Fertilizer Associa-
ton with boosting its index of
wholesale commodity prices last
week TO TIL per cent Of the 1926-28
average, compared with II the pre-
ceding week, 1853 a month ago and
TIL a year ago.
Evening star., 1940-11-27
Reichsbunk Statement

BERLIN Nov. 27 R).-The Reichsbank
statement as of November % showed lin
thousands of reichsmarks}:
Gold and foreisn exchange, 77427: de-
crease, 80. Bills of exchange and checks.
12,312,146; decrease, 34O,695. Securities
49,05S: increase. 1,735. Other assets,
l,994, $50 increase, 103. S36. Circula.
deposits, 1,729, ,030; increase, 69,175. Re-
serve ratio. O.63 per cent. Bank rate.
3b per cent.
Evening star., 1940-11-27
Jones & Laughlin Passes.

PITTSBURGH, Nov. 27.-The
Jones g. Laughlin Steel Corp. di-
rectors yesterday passed the regular
dividend on the accumulative per
cent preferred stock, but declared
a dividend of / per cent, or 81 per
share, on account of arrearages
on this stock to holders of record
December 9.
The payment will come as sort
of Christmas gift on December %
and makes 81 which has been paid
this year. The total arrearages
as of January will be S45 share.
Evening star., 1940-11-27
Boston Wool Market

BOSTON. Nov. % up Omitted States
Department Of Agriculture) Trading in
domestic woods in Boston was very slow
today. INQUIRIES were being received more
frequently than earlier in the week. but
most users were not ready to close trans
actions. Nominal quotations on domestic
woods were unchanged from last week and
fairly firm. Occasional sales were being
ican woods at steady to firm prices.
Evening star., 1940-11-27
Body Bond Sales Off
By the Associated Press.

The Treasury reports its sales of
United States savings (baby) bonds
SO far this fiscal year declined to
$259, 9,312,574, Compared with $685.
261,514 in the similar period last
year,
Evening star., 1940-11-27
Union Carbide Paws Is Cents.

NEW YORK, Nov. 81 (P.-Di-
rectors of Union Carbide g. Carbon
Corp. yesterday declared a dividend
of rs cents a share, payable January
l to holders of record December 6.
Three previous payments were so
cents each and one of so cents in
January this year.
Evening star., 1940-11-27
Armstrong Cork To PAY 81

LANCASTER, Pa, Nov. q P.-
Directors OF the Armstrong Cork
Co. today declared 81 dividend
on its common stock, payable De-
cember "a, to stockholders of rec
ord December 9.
Evening star., 1940-11-27
Brewers Vote Dividend.

MINNEAPOLIS, Nov. 81 LP).-The
Board of Directors of the Min
neapolis Brewing Co. yesterday
voted a dividend of 20 cents per
share payable December 10, 1910, to
all stockholders as of record at the
close of business December 5, 1910.
Evening star., 1940-11-27

citation Of Securities Dealers, Inc. which
states they do not necessarily reflect actual
transactions or hrm bids or offers. but
should indicate approximate prices and.
unless otherwise indicated. are as quoted
by the sponsors or issuers.
Indicates mot quoted by sponsors or
issuers."
Evening star., 1940-11-27
Odd-Lot Dealings
By the Associated Press.

BY tne ASSOClALeu PreSS.
The Securities Commission reported to-
day these transactions by. customers with
odd-lot dealers or specialists on the New
York Stock EXCHANGE for November 26:
3.177 purchases involving s6.447 shares;
3.2S2 sales involving SO, ,596 shares, in
Guiding 81 short sales involving 2.061
shares.
Evening star., 1940-11-27
Dry Goods Market
NEW YORK. Nov. 81

NEW YORK. Nov. 81 GP.-Cotton goods
Fair business in heavy lines. with print
Market holds TO recent gains in volume at
firm prices. Woolen coods-Volume some-
what restricted by scarcity of available
quiet