davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Telegraf. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1909-1951, 1940-02-23
Americka delnicka strana
" soudech.

~ New Yorku podana byla
zadost o zapov6d ably v1dcGm
Americke delnicke strany bylo
zakazano pouzfvati fond1 ma
podporovanf jejich listku kan
didatd V pred volbach strany,
jez budou konany 2. dubna.
zadost byla podana tax IVA
nym pokrokovym vyborem stra
ny a o zalezitosti teto ma byti
jednano pred soudem 10. u
nora.
Akce tato podniknuta z pod
netu Williama H. Millera, Gle
ma statniho vyboru, jenz Sc u
chaz1 o znovuzvoleni a obvinu-
je Luigi Antoniniho, statnfho
pfedsedu; Alexe Rose, statni-
no tajemnfka a Andrew R.
Armstrong;, statniho poklad-
nlka, re utratili "tisice dolla-
ri" fondG strany We svych
kampan1ch. Rovnez jest "a
dano vy1ctovan1 techto fondG.
Rose, kdyz byla mu dorucena
soudnf obsflka, prohlasil, re je
to vsechno "nesmysl" a pravil,
re Poole vseho je to "posledni
agonie" komunisty dominova-
neho kffdla strany, jez Sc sna-
II zabraniti ~"ociste", ktera by
la V proudu pc n6kolik mesicn.
P~okrokovy vybor vsak S roz-
horlen1m odmfta obvinenf, re
by mel nejake spojenf s komu-
misty.
Telegraf. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1909-1951, 1940-02-23

V Ossining, N. Y, tri mladf
vrazi k smrti odsouzenf byli
popraveni v elektricke zidli v
trestnici Sing Sing. Nejmladsf
byl Franklin Jenner, 22lety,
jenz utloukl k smrti Florence
Amesovou pri loupezi v SYRIA
cuse. John Kulka, 24-lety, a
Bertha Thingstead, 29lety, by
Ii usvedceni re zavrazdenf po-
licisty pri prepadenf jednoho
nocnfho klubu v New Yorku.
" San Quentin, Kalifor-
ME, 32lety James C. Williams,
farmarsky delnfk z Palo
Verde, Valley, byl popraven v
plynove komore. K smrti byl
odsouzen, re IA. cervence 1899
zastfelil majitele rance E. H.
Weimerse a Roberta c.. Marti-
ma.
Telegraf. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1909-1951, 1940-02-23
Manzelska tragedie.

Y New Yorku, policista
William L.. Curtin, 44lety "a
strelil svoji manzelku, Eliza
beth, 43 letou, pon6vadz jej
"mela "a blazna." Curtin o.
debral Sc ma policejnf stanici
sveho precinktu, polozil ma
stolek svGj sluzebnf revolver, z
nehoz pet ran bylo vypaleno a
pravil: "Prave jsem zastrelil
svoji zenu." Policie, jez zave-
ola vysetrovanf nasla v byte
Curtinovou mrtvou a nabytek
a nadobf V bednach, coz ma
svedcuje, re Sc chystala opu-
stiti sveho manzela. Policista,
jenz byl lecen ma poruchu ner-
vovou, pravil, re popfjel be-
hem dine a re sci DON'T a zabil
svoji zenu, ponevadz "nikdo
mne nesml m1ti "a blaZna."
Telegraf. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1909-1951, 1940-02-23
Neunikl.

VIM. Sabel v Chicago jel v
automobile pred kratkym ca
sem obc1 Sterling, Ill. Kdyz Sc
mu porouchal AUTOMOBILE, dial
jej V tamni garaz: sprawl. Cd
spravy prislo $25 a Sabel nap
sal eek. Kdyz prijel domI, ze-
ma mu zvestovala, re ucinila
nekoilk nakupG a vytahla tolik
penez z banky, re tam jiz ce-
lych $25 nebylo. Sabel hned
dial do banky dostatek penez
a zapomnel ma celou vec. Ale
spravkar We Sterling zat1m Cd
pTisahl aztykac, ten poslan do
Chicago a nejakym zpGsobem
Sc stale, re nebyl znicen, kdyz
%zjisteno, re penlze byly nahra-
zeny. Policista Rourke re sto-
toznovac1 ~uradovny wal otis
ky prst1 ISABELLA, postal je do
Washingtonu a odtud prisla Cd
pov6d, re Sabel Sc jmenuje
VIM. Artner a jest hledan v
Texasu, odkud unikl z kaznice
kan byl poslan pro cekov:5
podvod.
Sabel byl pTedveden soudci
Druckerovi, ktery odlozil prf-
pad ma 27. unora a dial obzalo-
vaneho pod zaruku $4,000.
Bylo zjisteno, re Sabel byl Cd
souzen ma diva roxy pro pod
vod $20,za rok utekl, pTisel do
Chicago, ozenil Sc a ma diva
hochy. Byl nekolik let zamest
nan aldermanem Quinnem a
nynf byl prodavacem u M.
Brill Co., jez prodava potreby
pro taverny. Brill prav1, re
byl Sc Sabelem 1plne spokojen
ostatni zamestnanci jej mali
radi a kdykoliv Sc vratf, tax
.jej Brill vezme zpet. Sabel byl
v texaske kaznici trustym a
kdyz mel jeste II mesicG Sc
Diet, tax odesel, jak pravi, pro
to re matka v Chicago onemoc
nela a on il chtel videti. Zjed-
many pravn1k Dude vydan1 Sa-
bella pot1rat.
Telegraf. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1909-1951, 1940-02-23

V "Johnny's" taverne ma
Ridge a Golf road V Niles Gen.
ter Sc parky vesele tocily v ko-
lie, hudba vyhravala nejaky
zasneny valcfk a manzele
Jonesovy a Woodruffovy NELL
Sc dobTe.
Jones tancoval S Woodruff
fovou, manzel teto popfjel z
pul litru a Jonesova strkala do
slotky ctvrtaky. Pojednou, jak
alespon policie pravi, pfibehla
Della Stanwickova z Winnet-
ka a dala Jonesovi takovy po-
hlavek, az sc mu otocila hlava
a kdyz Jonesova manzelka
pTibehla ohrozenemu muzi ku
pomoci, dostaly Sc prsty prave
ruky do list Stanwickove, TAX
re il skoro ukousla prst. Jones
dostal stajnem do hlavy a pax
uz nikdo nevi, co sc delo, ale
vsichni Sc shoduj1, re to byla
zabava, jakou uz dlouho meme
Ii a zapasnici volneho stylu RI
kali tomu: "Catch as catch
can"
Nekdo pamatoval ma policii,
ia prisla, pc delsl namaze
klubko rozmotala, Jonesovou
odvezli do nemocnice, kde il
lekaTi cast prstu amputovali a
pax byla Stanwickova zatcena
pro zmrzaceni a nekolik zaty-
kac6 dalsfch bylo p~odepsano
pozdeji a smfTcf soudce Klo-
man 81 mne ruce, nebot takovy
byznys uz davno nemel, jaky
jej ceka.
Telegraf. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1909-1951, 1940-02-23
Nesnaze S importem veprove-
no masa.

Reciprocitn1 celnf smlouvy
Sc Spojenymi Staty pdsobf prf-
tonne kanadske Wade znacne
nepfjemnosti, ktere by snad-
no molly ohrozovati obchodnf
dohody mezi obemi zememi.
Pf1cinu k tomu zavdava prflis
veliky import vepTovych pro-
duktG re Spojenych Stat1G, pri-
vodeny obrovskymi objednav-
kami z Velke Britanie. Kama
da neimportuje re Spojenych
IStatd veprovy dobytek, nybrz
hlavne %slaninu a jine vepfove
produkty a tento import je sta
lie zvysovan take v prosinci
obnasel bezmala 5 milion1 IL
Der a v lednu Dude jeste vetsi.
Nasledkem britickych objedna
vek stoupla cena ziveho vepfo-
veho dobytka v Kanade tax,
re je nynf O tTi Gently ma libfe
drazsf nez We Spojenych Sta
tech a proto importer cini We
like objednavky We staech. Gle
Sc re slaniny a sunek obansi
IA centu ma libre, ale ma "a
klade vzajemne dohody je do
volena dalsf srazka v obnosu
80 procent, takze jsou veprove
produkty pfipousteny temei
beze ella. Tim je kandsky OBJ.
chod poskozovan. Kanadska
vlada by to rada nejak napra.
villa, ale je ma rozpac1ch, jak
to uciniti, ably tim nezavdals
podnet k zrusenf vzajemnycl
smluv We Spojenych Statech
coz by Kanade prineslo jest6
vetSi Skodu.
Telegraf. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1909-1951, 1940-02-23

V Clevelandu archbishop
John Schrrembs dial rozezlen6
osadniky katolickeho kostela
Sv. Spasitele do klatby, kdyz
vratili go policist1, kteTi tvoTi-
Ii prGvod 1rednfk1 kostela no.
vemu farari, ub1raj1c1mu sc ma
faru.
Die nar1zenf arcibiskupa
farn1ci nemohou obdrzeti sva-
tosti, dokud . nebudou konati
pokanf. Klatba je prvnf, KITE
ra kdy byla zavedena v cleve-
landske arcidiecesi.
Incident je jiz tTetfm, jfmz
byl odm1tnut novy faraT, jme-
novany arcibiskupem Schrem-
besem, ackoli osadnfci prali 81
jmenovan1 jineho. Novym ia
rarem byl jmenovan rev. Vim
cent Caruso, ale osadn1ci chte-
Ii mfti faraTem rev. Louise
Zeddu, ktery byl kaplanem
zemreleho farare Compagna
pc radu let.
Byl ucinen novy pokus, ably
byl rev. Caruso uveden ma ia
ru. Byl provazen uniformova-
nymi ryt1ri sv. Jana a rytifi
Kolumbovymi mimo doprovod
policist1. Velky dav lidu Sc
Sci Sc pred kostelem a farou
jiz casne rano. Kdyz Sc prG-
vod objevil, bylo volano: "Jde-
tie domG!" Mali hosi v zastupu
cvicili sc v hazen1 hroudami
po prnvodclch noveho faraTe.
Telegraf. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1909-1951, 1940-02-23
Kosi pIsoby skody farmarEGm.

Farmari v okresu Jefferson
a v Kansasu blfze hranic Ne
brasky 81 stezuj1 ma hejna hla-
dovych kos1 (starling), kterf
napadaj1 a klovaji dobytek.
Zprava udava, re asi 80 kosG
prezimovalo v chleve jisteho
Freda Stigga, bl1ze Washing
ton, Kans., a pfi krmeni napa-
dali dobytek, take tento byl
nucen behati pc yarde, ably Sc
jich zbavil. Podobnou zpravu
udal j. r. Bond z Fairbury,
jenz zazil stejne neprfjemno-
sti S hejnem asi 20 kosG.
Telegraf. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1909-1951, 1940-02-23

V San Francisco, Kalifornie,
setrenf, ktere provedlo sdruze-
nj Financial Advertisers Asso-
citation ukazuje, re banky We
Spoj. Statech dali vice neil
polovinu sveho pr1delu pro re-
klamu v roce 1910 ma oznamo-
vanf v novinach.
Zaroven vyslo ma jevo, re 80
procent vsech bank zvySilo
svGj rozpocet pro oznamovani
ma letosnf rok, protoze vedf, Re
reklama jest obchodu tim, elm
je para kotli. Dale 65 % bank
v9nuje ma reklamu touz sunni
jake v loni a jenom $50 bank
snfzilo sv1j rozpocet ma ozna-
mov&nf.
Telegraf. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1909-1951, 1940-02-23
Zabita ma ceste ma otcuv
pohreb.

V Columbus, O., Gladys
Mae Smith 5O-leta, z Washing
ton, D. c., byla zabita pr sraz-
&c automobile. Diva bratTi u
trpeli zlomeniny zeber. Byli
ma ceste do Marion, O., ably Sc
z1castnili pohrbu sveho otce,
Johna w. Smitha, Clarence
w. Hannum, 46lety, z Rey-
nolddsburgh, O., T1dic druhe
kary, utrpel zraneni lehciho
razu.
Telegraf. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1909-1951, 1940-02-23
S2leta obdrzela rozvod.

V Elizabeth, N. j., povolen
byl 1tery rozvod 80 rokG sta
re Emma Daily Osborn z
Woodbridge. DGvodem ku roz-
vodu bylo spatne chovani Sc
vGci nj re strany druheho man
zela 62leteho.
Rozvedena jest snad nejstar
81 osobou, jez obdrzela rozvod
We statu New Jersey.
Telegraf. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1909-1951, 1940-02-23
Umirajicf podsdila $4,000.

V Grand Rapids, Mich, 88le-
ia Mary Marshall, pacientka v
st. Mary's nemocnici, je tax
tezce nemocna,z re il ami nechte
il Tfci, re podedila $4,000. Ty
to penfze il odkazala Mary
Vine, s nfz byly pc 40 rokd pff-
telkynemi a jez zemfela 20.
ledna.
Telegraf. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1909-1951, 1940-02-23
Krajan utonul v rozvodnene
rece.

V Delaware, O., George r.
Chyba, 43lety, z Gallon, o.,
obchodnf cestujfcf pro firmu,
jez prodava stroje pro budo-
van1 silnic, utonul kdyz Sc
svym automobilem sjel do roz-
vodnene reky Scioto, ma zapad
cd Delaware.
Telegraf. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1909-1951, 1940-02-23
Zastrelil omylem druha.

V New Yorku, policista
John Holt, 21-lety byl zastre-
len dvema svymi druhy, kteri
jej povazovali "a lupice. Holt,
jenz nebyl We sluzbe a nemel
ma sobe uniformly, stihal diva
lupice v osudne chvfli.
Telegraf. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1909-1951, 1940-02-23

Statn1 policista E. Roberts
zemrel v elginske nemocnici
nasledkem zran6nl, jez utrpel
v sobotu u Aurora, Illinois, kde
byl zasazen automobilem. Po-
licista stall IA silnici, dfvaje Sc,
.iak jeho partner, policista Ba-
ker psal T1dici trucku obsilku.
Auto rizene Alex Cert1kem z
Galesburgu jej zasahlo a sra
Zilo k Zemi.
Telegraf. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1909-1951, 1940-02-23
Strelil Sc a obssil.

V Elk Point, Jiz. Dakota,
syn nasel sveho otce Arthura
Piera, 60leteho ma sypce obese
neho Sc stfelnou ranou v prsou,
Muz 81 dial opratku ma kirk,
pax sc strelil, take jest t6zko
rici, jestli zemTel obesenim ne
DO zastrelen1m.
Telegraf. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1909-1951, 1940-02-23
Zastfelil Sc.

V Chicago j. Liska Sc zastre-
lii ma hrobe sve dcery ma Aca-
cia hTbitove.
Evening star., 1940-07-21

men who had been killed were removed
and party went up on the heights to
search for arms, but was then unsuccess-
full.
"'The next party that went out was
rewarded by finding two boxes Of rifles
and spears with ammunition. was on
guard when Gov. wise came up and had
a talk with Brown and three or four
other prisoners. The conversation be-
tween Brown and the Governor lasted
about IN hour and . half. OF course,
recognizing Wise % the Governor Of the
State, I stood Oh come distance and did
not listen to what was said. Brown, I
understood, told the Governor frankly
what were his intentions, keeping not1-
ing back. and I believe he expressed his
disappointment that he had failed and
that expected friends did not appear.
Toward the close 6f the interview Brown
demanded good treatment while = pris-
oner and asked that his meals be sent
to him from the hotel. This the Gov
ernor promised ID attend to. As he left
the engine house ffe Governor remarked
to me: He Is . most remarkable man.
AZ soon q some ether troops arrived Ne
ware relieved ana sent homs.'s
Evening star., 1940-07-21
On the Record

The announcement by Senator
Burke of Nebraska that he will sup
port Wendell Willkie for the presi-
dency because Of his opposition to =
third term is less significant than
would have been a similar declara-
ton from certain other members Of
the Senate. In the case OF Senator
Burke, his position is being recorded
for the first time, but other Senators,
including some Of the most ardent
advocates Of President Roosevelt's
reelection, have been on record for
twelve years as unequivocally op-
posed to a third term for any Presi-
dent. How they propose to extricate
themselves from that dilemma Is one
Of the developments of the campaign
which win be awaited with great
interest.
Oh February 10, 1928, after Presi-
dent Coolidge's famous, IT do not
choose to run" statement, the Senate,
on motion by Senator La Toilette,
adopted the following resolution: "1t
is the sense of the Senate that the
precedent established by washington
and other Presidents Of the United
States of retiring from the presiden-
tial ONCE after their second term
has become, by universal concur
Evening star., 1940-07-21
Fuirfox Zonino

1t would be difficult to overesti-
mate the Importance of the decision
now facing Fairfax County in regard
to the proposed adoption of a county
zoning ordinance. Future develop
ment of the county depends on the
adoption of such an ordinance. The
county is growing so rapidly that,
unless zoning regulations are put into
effect quickly, it will develop in
hodgepodge fashion instead Of in
an orderly and attractive way. 81 ~
County oficials have been toying
with the idea Of a zoning ordinance
for long while. One was proposed
last year but never put into effect.
Progressive citizens now have revived
and revised that plan and the first
public hearing on it has been held.
The hearing disclosed practically no
opposition to the principle OF the
program as put forth by the County
Planning Commission. Differences
over details, Of course, should be
thoroughly discussed.
The Planning Commission has
approached the task in a co-opera-
tive spirit, frankly seeking the sug-
gestions Of citizens. It is realized
that any county growing as rapidly
as Fairfax has, from 1924 residents
in 1880 to 40,668 in 1910, may be
afflicted eventually with slum dis
tricts and bad mixture of residen-
tial and commercial properties.
There Is no indication that the
Fairfax rate of growth, sixty-one
per cent in ten years, will slacken
appreciably in the immediate future.
Some of the county's towns already
have found it advisable to adopt
zoning regulations Their efforts will
be largely nullified if the county
does not act. It may be impossible
to draft zoning ordinance that
will satisfy every one, but any that
is adopted can and should be
changed as necessity requires.
Neighboring counties in Virginia and
Maryland and the city of Washing
ton have had enough experience
with zoning to afford to Fairfax
officials guide to the basic prin-
ciples that can be incorporated into
the ordinance which the county 80
imperatively needs.
Evening star., 1940-07-21
Statistics on Deoth

While the difference of opinion
between the Census Bureau and
Traffic Director Van Duzer relative to
the number of Washington's trafI1c
fatalities was short-nved, the fact
remains that the figure is unneces-
sarily high. Differences between the
two sources, of course. came from
the Census Bureaus tabulation of all
accident fatalities in the District.
regardless Of where the accidents
occurred, making q total of one
hundred and fifty-one. while the
Traffic Department eliminated from
its toll sheet those who were hurt in
other jurisdictions and who died
after being brought into the city for
medical attention, eighty-four in all
for last year.
So narrow Is the margin between
life and death in such cases, and so
many of them could be SO easily
avoided, that the tragedy of death
Is compounded by the far, more
reprehensible tragedy of carelessness
and ignorance. 1t is impossible, of
course, to say how many of these
persons might be alive today If a few
seconds had intervened. But it Is
certain that many would have sur
vived had they been given intelligent
f1rst-aid care at the scene of the
accident. For more deaths occur
from the shock following injury, or
from greater injury resulting from
improper handling, than from acci-
dents themselves.
It is to counteract this that the
American Red Cross is making a
concerted effort to promote the
knowledge of accident prevention
and first aid among all citizens. At
present the District chapter has
some fifty first-aid instructors, and
it is making every effort to increase
that number to two hundred in the
near future. If, through the efforts
OF these volunteer teachers, it can
popularize the knowledge Of the
more fundamental principles of first
aid-the stoppage of serious bleeding,
treatment for shock and proper
transportation of the injured-the
death toll from all types of accidents
will be materially reduced. A def
mite responsibility exists for every
one to know these fundamentals.
Evening star., 1940-07-21
Chinese ExtroterritorioIity

Aside from their immediate i'm
plications respecting American pol
icy with England and the Far East,
the remarks on extraterritoriality by
Acting Secretary of State Welles call
to mind the fact that the western
nations as we'll as Japan violate the
Chinese nationality. No nation can
be sovereign so long as foreign citi-
zens in the nation enjoy immunity
from the nations laws. The Ameri-
can in China, especially the Ameri-
can in the International Settlement
at Shanghai, enjoys exemption from
Chinese local jurisdiction. This Is
a situation that gives China a. back
seat in the family of nations.
Extraterritoriality is an old story,
arising out of the wide disparity be-
tween European and Oriental views
OF justice. AS long ago as the six
teenth century, Turkey granted ex-
traterritorial rights to citizens of
France and England. During the past
century the United States obtained
extraterritorial privileges from Tu-
mis-, Tripoli, Morocco, Algiers and
Turkey. The Cushing Treaty of 1874
first granted the United States ex-
traterritorial privileges in China.
The Shanghai International Settle
ment was born in 1863 as the result
OF British and American efforts The
United States Court for China was
established in 1906.
Since the Washington Conference
OF 1922, which produced the Nine
Power Treaty guaranteeing the ter
ritorial integrity of China, the
United States and Great Britain have
been moving for a REIMBURSEMENT of
their Chinese privileges. AS Mr..
Welles pointed out, "it has been this
governments traditional and de-
clared policy and desire to move rap
Idly by process of orderly negetia- ,
ton and agreement with the Chinese
government, whenever conditions
warrant, toward the REIMBURSEMENT
OF extraterritorial rights and of all
other so-called special rights pos
sessed by this country as by other
countries In China by virtue of in
ternational agreements. That policy
remains unchanged"
So long as Japan gives no sign OF
bringing the war in China to a close,
the words Of Mr.. Welles will bear no
fruit. What they amount to, however,
is reaffirmation of our friendly
feeling toward China and her cause.
China is angry at England for the
Burma Road closing, and she is fear
full of Russia. She considers the
United States her one true friend in
the world, and the United States
loses few opportunities to make plain
Washington's friendship for Chung
king.
Evening star., 1940-07-21
AN AROUSED FORCE
By the Right Rep James r. Freeman D. D. II. d. D. c. L.
Bishop OF Washington.

A letter Of current date from a secu-
lar paper lies before me- It begins with
this startling statement: Religion is
at the crossroads. Pasanism in its
many guises seems to be triumphine in
Europe and elsewhere. All American
churches feel keenly the setback which
apparently has come to civilization and
are awake to the necessity for Develop
ing a constructive program to counter
act It," -
This statement is an arresting and
startling one. It may be exaggerated In
part. it may magnify the implications of
the present grave crisis; even 50, 1t Is
worthy Of serious consideration. It
raises q question that the churches
generally must reckon with, namely,
can divided church meet the de-
mands OF . situation as serious and
urgent as the one tina: now faces it?
Religion has been q force to reckon
with and we believe 1t still is today.
Here in America where freedom OF wor.
ship Is cur inalienable right, the church
as whole, divided as it is into many
singularly able and efficient bodies, has
failed largely to affect habit and con-
duct and the course of our national life.
1t would seem to the casual observer
that church polity and distinctive
church standards and methods of ad.
ministration were of greater importance
than united stand against threatening
and encompassing evils. 1t is reason
able to ask, in the light of present con-
ditions. can any one of the several re-
hgious bodies, however venerable and
time-honored its institutions and sys-
TENS, survive solely by reason of its own
strength? Put another way. how potent
Is the influence Of the strongest of these
bodies In affecting and shaping public
opinion where great moral issues are
involved?
The present mighty struggle In Europe
certainly involves the deepest and most
cherished interests of the churches The
growing racial feeling here In America
Is certainly an issue that cuts down to
the most vital concerns of the churches
Despite these alarming conditions, what
strong and effective direction, what ir-
restible influence Is the curch exercising
In moulding public opinion. consolidating
Evening star., 1940-07-21
Capital Side!iehts
By VIII P. Kennedy.

The Democratic National Committee
has power to fill vacancies on the ma
tional ticket occurring by reason of
death, declination or resignation of any
nominee Of the convention. This was
exercised in 1860 when Benjamin Fitz-
patrick Of Alabama, who had been nomi-
mated for Vice President, declined.
-
The system of fixing the number of
votes in the Democratic National Con-
vention at twice the number of Senators
and Representatives was adopted in
1852. and delegates from territories and
possessions were admitted in 1896. The
number Of delegates and alternates from
Alaska. District of Columbia. Hawaii,
Puerto Rico. the Canal Zone and the
Virgin Islands is fixed by the National
Committee. At the Republican conyen-
ton the number was fixed by the Rules
Committee and approved by the con-
vention itself.
The famous Democratic "two-thirds
rule"-requiring a two-thirds vote for
the nomination Of President and Vice
President-was adopted by the first
Democratic National Convention in 1882
at the instance of President Jackson
to insure the nomination Of his protege,
Martin Van Buren. for Vice President
BY a coincidence it was the means of
defeating Van Buren's denomination for
the presidency in 1874. 1t has proved
effective on only two occasions since
that time, when it deadlocked the con-
vention in 1860, compelling adjournment
from Charleston to Baltimore before
Stephen A. Douglas could muster two
thirds of the remnant of delegates who
attended, and again when it brought
about the nomination of Woodrow Will
son over Speaker Champ Clark at the
Baltimore convention in 1912 The two
thirds rule was formally abrogated at
Philadelphia in 1896. but 1t is subject
to adoption by any convention.
The Democratic National Convention
recognizes the unit rule under which
majority of the delegates from any State
may cast the entire vote of that State
regardless of the preferences of the mi
nority. Where a State convention has
instructed its delegation to observe the
unit rule the convention will enforce 1t.
The unit rule was adopted formally In
1850, although a resolution along some
what similar lines appeared In the con-
vention Of 1s4S. The rule has been
amended only once since 1860 when a
resolution modifying the rule to prevent
conflict with direct primary laws was
adopted.
The following States hold presidential
primaries: Arkansas (optionaD, Cali
fornia, Florida toptionaD, Georgia, Illi-
nois, Maryland, Massachusetts, Nebraska,
New Hampshire, New Jersey, Ohio, Ore
gon, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, West
virginia aimi Wisconsin,