davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1940-05-08
Junior Red Cross
Calls for World Ties
To Promote Peace
Organization Meets
With Seniors Today
In Final PIenory Session

The American Junior Red Cross,
represented here by record break
ing attendance of boys and girls
from every State, today extended to
Junior Red Cross societies of IA Pam
American nations and % other ma
tions the hand of world wide
friendship and unselfish service to
others"
Messages to this purpose went out
today following Official action by the
enthusiastic group in annual session
at the Interior Department Audi,
torium. where world problems facing
youth were dissected.
The more than $50 delegates, who
had participated in their annual
dinner dance last night at the Wash
ington Hotel, today joined with their
seniors in the final plenary session
of the American Red Cross at Me-
mortal Continental Hall.
Their action yesterday authorizing
the international messages, to 60 by
letter, was bulwarked also by reso-
lutions expressing the spirit of bet
ter relationship between ourselves
and our foreign Red Cross friends"
The messages to world organiza-
tions, in which 10000, 900 boys and
girls throughout the world are Joined,
declared sincere hope that the COM
moa ideals. and purposes of the
Junior Red Cross throughout the
world will continue to cement friend
ships and make for universal good
will and peace"
No message went to Germany,
where there is no Junior Red Cross.
Advisory Committee Elected.
Nine boys and girls from repre-
sentative sections Of the country
were elected members CT the national
delegates Advisory Committee Of the
American Junior REQ Cross. This
Is the first such council to be elected
by members of the society.
The council will hold ONCE until
the 1941 convention, assisting the
national staff of the Junior Red
Cross on the years program. The
council represents 100000 boy and
girl members Of the society.
James T. Nicholson national di-
rector of the American Junior Red
Cross, speaking at the dinner last
night, called on the delegates to "as-
sumo considerable responsibility for
repelling all the attacks upon our
heritage which are made by ignor-
ance, indifference, carelessness and
unbridled selfishness.
Mr.. Nicholson, who recently re-
turned from Europe, where he was
member Of the American Red Cross
Relief Commission, graphically de-
scribed some of the tragic scenes he
had witnessed.
The toastmaster at the juniors
banquet was Mrs. August Belmont.
She was introduced by Livingston L.
Blair assistant national director of
the American Junior Red Cross.
The Junior Red Cross officers,
which were appointed and served
during this convention. were Richard
Wheaton, chairman, Of Los Angeles;
Richard Worrall, wee chairman,
Richmond, Va, and Dorothea
Chapleau, secretary. Chicago.
Evening star., 1940-05-08
BolIes to Speak

Representative Bolles, member Of
the House District Committee. will
speak tonight before the 32d an
nual celebration Of the founding Of
the Rhode Island Avenue Citizens
Association, to be held In Wood
ridge Subbranch Library. Mr..
Bolles is expected to discuss police
and fire problems of the District,
according to Harold ]. Clay, presi-
dent. ..-
Evening star., 1940-05-08
Training School
Hospital Dedicated
By Mrs. Roosevelt
$1,000 in District
Mentally Defective,
Dr.. OverhoIzer Says

More than 500 Washingtonians
journeyed to the District Training
School at Laurel, Nd, yesterday to
hear Mrs. Franklin d. Roosevelt
dedicate the new $25o,o0o hospital
unit at the institution for the fee
ble-minded.
While the sun beat down on the
visitors they also heard DR.. VIM
fred Overholser. superintendent Of
st. Elizabeth's Hospital, report that
az per cent of the population Of
the District Is feeble-minded.
He estimated that $1,000 District
residents are feeble-minded and as
serted that 1900 need Institutional
care. Pointing out that the Dis
trict Tralning School has 4 waiting
list Of u he said st$u more ap-
[ phcations would be made II rels-
[tiyes were not aware of the fact
that 3 long wait Unnecessary, due
to the limited facilities of the insti-
tuition.
The District, he asserted, is con-
siderably farther down the list in
comparison with other States in
regard to capacity than to any
other feature of the institution.
Special Glasses Stressed.
Citing as examples the Training
School Boys Band and the girls
chorus, which performed for the
visitors, he said much could be done
to train the inmates, and that many
of them could be turned into use
full trained workers.
DR.. Overholser stressed the i'm
portance of special classes In the
schools to bring out in backward
children the abilities they possess
and make them into well-behaved,
self supporting workers.
Mrs. Roosevelt, who stayed only
long enough to speak briefly and
hurry through the new hospital,
said she was glad to see that at
least one institution in the District
had had one of its needs filled. She
termed the hospital absolutely es-
sential" and said she considered 1t
a step in the right direction.
Commissioner John Russell Young,
who also spoke, said that during
his brief period as Commissioner
he had been asking questions and
had decided there was much room
for improvement of welfare facili-
ties.
II don't want to make any false
promises" he said, but If it can
possibly be done, we're going to i'm
prove things"
Frederick w. McReynolds, chair
man of the Board of Public We'll
fare, presided at the dedication
ceremonies, and DR.. James Lewald,
superintendent of the District
Training School, gave a brief vel
coming address.
Arranged by the Monday Evening
Club because of its longtime inter-
est in the institution, the dedica-
ton ceremonies attracted the city's
leading welfare omcials, as well as
many others interested in civic work.
Following the exercises the visi-
tors went through the new building,
which houses the administration
offices as well as the psychologists
ONCE, a barber shop, canteen, X-ray
rooms, dental clinic, autopsy room,
medical library, operating rooms
and wards for the sick inmates.
Evening star., 1940-05-08
Traffic Record

The traf1lc record, as revealed
at police headquarters for a.
hour period ending at 8 am.
today:
Fatalities, none.
Accidents, 20.
Motorists injured, l.
Motorists arrested, SIT.
Pedestrians injured, 4.
Pedestrians arrested for vio-
lation Of pedestrian control.
regulations, /.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1940-01-05

It has been suggested repeat
eddy that one of the chief bene-
fits of smoking and chewing
gum is their value as outlets for
increased tension. II has been
said that most habitual move
ments of the body represent re-
lease of such inner tension.
Fidgeting, wriggling and gum
chewing are examples of move
ments which may be beneficial to
the human body because they
release excess pressure.
Recently psychologists at Co
lumbia university made a study
of 20 people over a period of 20
days to find out just how much
chewing served as a means Of
relaxation. Each Of the persons
concerned was studied first
while not chewing; second. while
chewing ordinary chewing gum.
and third. while allowing nav
ored candy wafer to melt in the
mouth.
II was necessary first of all to
find some measurement of ten
sion or strain. This was done by
watching each one of the per-
sons concerned throughout a
working day and recording rest
less movements. In many Of
these subjects it was found that
tension as measured by decrease
of restless movements was de-
creased about 10 per cent during
chewing.
Studies were also made TO de-
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1940-01-05
Uncle Sam Send.
Some Checks

Nearly million persons will divvy up the impressive
sum Of IA million dollars during 1910 with the comp
menfs of the federal government Although the total may
be staggering the payment per beneficiary
to only about STA for the year.
This is not much security No live on little
more than ~ week As the social security system gains
momentum, the average will increase At best under the
amendment effective JAM l. the payments high
They set literally sound finances permitperhaps
even higher 1t doesn't increase the payroll tax
from cent each for employer and employee to per
cent each in 1872 the security administration going
lind lot OF red ink splattered its records.
Here them Is security program stretched to the limit
extends only to covered workers-hat those persons
who fulfill the requirements Of the security amended
by remaining employed for specified minimum periods 1t
does not yield payments the basis of need but rather
on the basis OF average salary earned and length of time
employed.
represents the best that can be done with the present
tax rate payro To keep the plan alive with its present
provisions the rate will need to be raised eventually to
per cent each for employer employee Even il these
granted it is doubtful whether congress
the voters at large vii. permit higher increases.
Meanwhile for those aged persons not included in the
sions be forthcoming. Under the terms of the
social security amendments the federal government will
contribute half the pensions to $40 each The present
maximum federal contribution is SIS 1t will be to the
States of course to increase their share of the pension
before persons IS collect their maximum of $40
month.
No viii contend the security act as amend
eds perfect is simply step toward equitable system
stood. and when the financial framework becomes
apparent the faacy of depending for odage
security will become clearer Voters in states that have
rejected utopian proposals for odage security will be
thankful they have not encumbered themselves with
unwieldy tax plans.
Every intelligent shopper knows he can't get something
for nothing. That goes as well for pensonsyou cant
have them unless pays for Them And the aged
will get only as much as they able to pay for during
their employabe years. much their neighbors
afford to finance That will be the foundation of all sound
pension programs, state and federal
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1940-01-05
} STORIES
IN STAMPS
Albert. King of Beleions
Worked on Newspapers

WHEN Albert /. king of Bel
" GUM. was killed in 1894,
while scaling a cliff near Brussels.
the world mourned great World
War hero and a beloved. demo-
cratic monarch. Few knew that
they also paid tribute TO a one
time newspaper reporter
Both of the kings excursions
into journalism came during visits
70 United States. On his first, in
1899, he wrote. incognito. for
Minneapolis and ST. Paul papers.
On a later visit he worked for
Brooklyn paper.
Reporting was only one of his
many diversions. Besides noun
tain climbing, which cost him his
life. he enjoyed dabbling in ma
chinery. and at one time drove
locomotive on Brussels train on
regular weekly runs. He built
several asrplanes and liked TO
work in a machine shop he built
near the palace.
History remembers Albert as
the only monarch personally TO
lead an army during the World
War. His valiant resistance
against German invasion. IS years
ago. checked the German advance
for IL days. allowed the Allies
time 10 mobilize forces and or
ganize defenses.
Albert is shown. above. with his
son. Leopold III. the present king.
on . Belgian stamp OF the Orval
Abbey restoration issue
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1940-01-05
YOUR HEALTH By Or. EIsAeE!N

termine whether indulgence in
such a habit had any relation
to fatigue. Fatigue produces in
creased psychological tension.
When people are tired from over
work and overstrain, the use of
tea and coffee seems to increase
tension. On the other hand. it
was found in these studies, chew
ing tended to decrease tension.
The amount of muscular effort
involved is hardly sufficient to
increase fatigue.
A study was also made to find
out whether chewing during
work would interfere in any way
with the work output because of
this decrease Of tension. II was
found that with the possible ex-
ception of work in which a
wholly new performance is be-
ing learned, chewing while work
ing does not interfere with the
output Indeed. in some kinds
OF work. like number checking
and tipping. the work is said to
be facilitated.
This new scientific evidence
will be good news to the manu-
facturers Of chewing gum. Prof.
H L. Hollingsworth. under whose
direction these studies were made,
says that perhaps these studies
throw some light on the striking
fact that during the last ten or
more tense years. chewing gum
manufacturers have enjoye
greater prosperity.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1940-01-05
IN NEW YORK BY GEORGE ROSS

But there is a religion" by
that name. Its flock convenes az
the Labor temple and the service
demands that the orthodox sit
for a long time before a 7-foot
pendulum which swings to and
fro relentlessly while they
chant some indescribable words
and tunes.
CAN'T LIST
THEM ALL
The odd varieties Of worship in
New York are too numerous, a.
a matter of fact, for a casual
summary. You would have to
include those two restaurant fell
lows of midtown who, being Of
genuine Parsee stock, take time
off at the traditional intervals,
so they may worship Zoroaster,
ancient god of the Persians.
And then there is the Negro
church in Brooklyn which bears
the name The Glorious Pente-
costal True Holiness Associa-
ton"
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1940-01-05
HOROSCOPE
FRIDAY, JANUARY S

Benefic aspects seem to gov
ern women under this configura-
ton. They should benefit from
association with succe ssful
friends. Government officials
come under influences that in
crease their responsibilities.
Heart and Home: Budget
limitations may cause domestic
resentment. Clothing will in
crease in costliness. Midwinter
bargains should not be ignored.
Wise householders will carry out
plans for spring repairs at the
earliest possible date. Prices for
paints and building material are
likely TO jump.
Business Affairs; Employers
will emphasize efficiency and de-
mand intensive effort as labor
gains shorter hours and other
concessions. Warning is given
that management is also en-
titled to justice and considera-
ton. There are evil portents
presaging labor troubles OF far
reaching scope.
National Issues: Unskilled
workers VIII cause anxiety in
many states. Their difficulties
will inspire legislation to pro-
tect them from want and perse-
eution. The federal government
will provide safeguards for wan
dering farm hands and fruit
pickers.
International Affairs: Changes
in the British government are
presaged as criticism of results
due to early policies increases.
Progress on the high seas will
be reported by the British navy
aided by air forces and inven-
tons for overcoming perils OF
mechanical warfare.
Persons whose birthdate IL is
have the augury OF a year OF
important experiences. Advance
ment through intense industry
and courageous initiative is fore
cast.
Children born on this day
probably will be inventive and
original In mind and deed. They
should have the power 10 gain
supreme success.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1940-01-05

stage conferences with the mari
time commission foreign inter-
ests have indicated that they
may take over tremendous ton
mage of vessels beached by the
neutrality act.
The minimum which the Brit
ish are expected to buy in the
near future is 100000 tons, while
neutrals like Norway, Denmark
and Sweden will also replenish
their merchant fleets from our
surplus supply. Most of the
vessels will be of the World
War I type now laid up in
rivers and harbors. They will
be sold on condition that the
purchasers break them up at the
conclusion of the conflict. Other
wise. they would furnish COM
petition for ships now being
built for American firms with
the financial aid of the maritime
commission.
There is, of course, no immedi-
ate danger of shortage of ship
ping. The allies have plenty of
cargo space for present needs.
and losses from the war have
totaled only about 100000 tons
for all nations. But a great per-
centage of the allies shipping
cannot be diverted from their
normal runs in far off waters to
transport troops or supplies to
the zone of conflict. That ma
terially reduces the tonnage
available for war purposes. So
foreign nations are buying a re-
serve before it becomes too late.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1940-01-05

One topic, open always to comment, is the weather

One topic open always to comment, is the weather.
Reports rife that meteoroogy is suffering be-
of the European According to Washington
weather experts forecasts of atmospheric conditions have
suffered seriously from the lack of interchange of reports
among nations of the world Such conditions affect not only
within the United States but also clippers and ships at
eea.
II the United States had other for wishing
immediate end to European difficulties the present state
Of meteorological difficulties would suffice.
We want to know whether the will shine tomorrow
We want to know whether it will rain It is
American heritage to be interested in the weather War
no war, we want to know where in America stand.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1940-01-05
.55515:5Fa@

strong. or something like that
Then there is the coincident OF
the ski Battalion" shown In
one of the South End community
,heaters this week.
After establishment Of the
Soviet Union. certain OF the
European powers interviewed. In
the north. the Finnish White
Guards invaded Karelia, Just
over the Soviet border. The
small detachment OF border
guards was unable to defend the
settlements and the Soviet gov
eminent was compelled to send
reinforcements.
Among the new troops was
the Ski battalion composed OF
student volunteers from the
Petrogrsd Military school. un-
der command of young officer.
Tovio Antikainen. The ski
troop Travelled nearly 1000 miles
through uncharted forests and
dangerous mountain country.
Some of the mountain ranges
had never been crossed by man.
and a record of the expedition
reads like a story of an magma
tive but impossible venture.
After losing some of his men
In an avalanche crossing the last
mountain range, Antikainen ar
rived in time to help the Karelia
troops drive out the invaders.
Among the war news the other
day was the story of Finnish
ski battalion recruited for an
expedition into Russia to blow
up the Soviet railroad and cut
off an important line Of COM
munication between the border
and the Russian source of sup
plies. How effective the expedi-
ton will be remains to be seen,
but the plan worked in 1922.
and the Firms are as much at
home on skis as the Russians.
History has another good
chance to repeat.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1940-01-05
QUESTIONS TO TEST
YOUR KNOWLEDGE

Can you answer seven of these
test questions Turn to the
woman's page for the answers.
/. Name the national anthem
of Canada.
2. What is bissextile year?
3. What strait separates the
state of Washington from Van
couver island?
4. With what sport is Wayne
Miner associated
5. A maleable metal may be
pounded into a thin sheet, will
melt at a low temperature, or is
extremely brittle?
6. What is the correct pro-
nunciation Of the word cad
mean?
Z. How soon after it is render
ed does a decision of the u. S.
supreme court become effective?
8. What is a magnetic COM
pass?
o. Which German districts
were annexed to Belgium after
the World war?
10. In the U. s., which month
Is called flower month?
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1940-01-05
PULSE OF
THE PUBLIC
VARIOUS FREEDOMS
OF CAPITALISM

Editor, The Times: Well pre-
pared defenses of capitalism
have recently come to me, the
most elaborate from the U. S.
Chamber of Commerce.
Lack of space prevents full
discussion; but it is significant
that none attempts an analysis
of the system it defends. In
stead, each dwells on the I'M
deniable past good services Of
capitalism, and attempts to iden-
tify it with human freedom.
1t is true that freedom Of
labor to sell itself as a COM
modify on the market is one ~,
the three essentials of capitalism.
The second freedom is growing
monopoly of the means of pro-
duction by a shrinking owning
class; the third is the freedom
of that owning class to sell the
products of labor at a profit.
Within these three freedoms, in
separable from capitalism, is
the basic contradiction which |
makes capitalism unavoidable !
after the period of natural ex-
psnsion is ended.
For free labor as commodity
must sell itself at price
averaging the cost of MAIN
tenance and reproduction under
socially tolerable conditions: but
the machinery developed by
science under the stimulus OF
competitive capitalism enables
each employed worker To pro-
duce many times that amount
of wealth.
Hence comes Surplus value"
now familiar as "over produce
ton" Employed workers can
buy back only a fraction of their
production; capitalists can use
only a small fraction; and as
capitalism is extended, the for
eien market contracts.
Fifty years ago. this was onh
theory; but now 1t Is tragicallyl
evidenced by uncurable unem.
ployment in spite of deliberate
wastsge Of labor, destruction OF
goods, government work relief.
growth of service trades. labor
organizations, and all other pail
Natives, including the most hor-
rible palliative of war prepare
tons and mass slaughter for the
privilege of unloading on other
nations for a paper profit goods
which We ourselves desperately
need ROBERT J. PEARsALL-
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1940-01-05

50 DIS W cSCdpc uTdSIlC dCtlUIl
The Smith committee has an
employee whose loyalty and eff
ficiency to the investigators is
essential If they are to obtain all
the facts about the boards be-
havior. 1t would be unfair to
name him at this time, but his
identity will eventually become
public. According to several
committeeman, certain people
close to the NLRB have APP
preached him with the offer of a
job with the agency. also EN-
phasizing that his work with the
committee will be only tenn
porary. The employee in ques-
ton is understood to have re-
vealed the details of the story to
committee members.
In the latter's opinion, the
suggestion savors of jury tam
pering." Nor will the boards
enemies fail to make the point
that it looks as IL the Wagner
agency had something to hide.
Even the most extreme new
dealers, though at first hostile
toward the idea of thorough
going inquiry, now concede that
the board ought to be over
hauled. What they dread is
that indiscretions and bias on
the part of the administrators.
as disclosed by the investigation,
may precipitate ruthless re-
vision of the basic act itself.
The proposed revamping of
the law-or a change in person
nel--will signify a gesture Of
friendship toward William
Green's AFL. 1t was his organi-
zation which originated the de-
mand for an investigation and
brought such pressure on con-
gress that even White House
spokesman on Capitol Hill were
forced to capitulate.
The board has answered the
charges of fayoritism toward the
CLIO with an analysis OF its de-
cisions designed to prove that it
has been strictly fair. But to
Green this evidence of a fifty
fifty attitude toward the two
labor factions means nothing.
II does not take into considera-
ton the cases in which the
NLRB-ers have exhibited a dis
tinct preference for the Lewis as
against the Green type OF union.
Nor does il compensate for the
fact that most of the agency's
key officials-regional directors,
examiners. lswyers-got their
jobs because of their sympathy
with the ''one big union" idea.
In cunning for Member Edwin
s. Smith. who is chiefly blamed
for the boards pro-Lewis atti-
tude, Green is really striking at
his old enemy. Frances Perkins.
For Smith was her protege, and
he might have been let out or
shifted long ago had II not been
for official unwillingness to ruffle
her feelings.
Private dickers by belligerents
and neutrals for purchase Of
American ships belle Winston
Churchillis pooh-poohing Of the
submarine menace In back