davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1940-10-16
facilities of the newly developed

facilities of the newly developed
telegraph necessitated some special
arrangement among the papers, they
decided to share the news that came
over the wires. They called this
pool "the Associated Press"
The telegraph wires from the
West stopped at Jersey City be-
cause engineers had not found a
way to get them across the Hudson
River. From Jersey City commune
cations had to be relayed to New
York by messenger or, in a hurry,
by signals.
The limited wire facilities of the
day were a particular problem to
Daniel Craig, the Associated Press
correspondent in Halifax, Nova
Scotia, and important transatlantic
terminal of the time.
When a shipload of news arrived
from Europe, news promoter who
had an inside track with the tele-
graph company always tried to
monopolize the wire. So Mr. Craig
inaugurated the practice-ascribed
in legend to nearly every new
spaperman since-of getting the
wire several hours ahead and giving
the operator a Bible to transmit.
The Civil War gave the infant
the problems of battle coverage.
Gen. Scott First Censor.
Gen. Winfield Scott became pos
Sibly the first war censor in history
by forbidding the transmission of
the story of the battle of Bull Run.
That incident was mild compared
to some of the incidents between
correspondents and officials. One
writer Waxed so subjective as to re-
mark in a dispatch that Gen. Sher-
Indian. The general demanded an
apology, and the correspondent gave
it-in print-to the PaWnees.
And when, after the long struggle
at Vicksburg. three correspondents
were reported missing, Gen. Sher-
man remarked:
That's good Well have dis
patches now from hell before break
fast"
Lincoln himself was understand
ing and kindly about the reporters
problems, and particularly appre-
ciated the Importance of the Asso-
Ciated Press as the principal me-
dium of public information.
When the New York Tribune's
correspondent got potential beat"
on the details of the battle of the
Wilderness. Lincoln. feeling that it
was an event the whole Nation
Evening star., 1940-10-16

should know about Immediately saw
that the Associated Press got the
story simultaneously.
BY 1880 the Associated Press was
spending 100000 a year on tele-
graph tolls alone and was selling
its news to 348 client newspapers.
Reorganized in 1892.
The large-scale commercial ma
ture Of the enterprise led to COM
petitive complications which threat
ened to jeopardize unbiased han
ding of the news.
So group of participating pub
fishers led by Victor Lawson of the
Chicago Daily News in 1892 reor-
ganized the Associated Press, to as
sure its impartiality, as a non-prof1t
organization to furnish news to
member papers on cooperative
expense-sharing exchange basis, in
stead of selling it.
The A. P.'s bitter rival was the
United Press, a private commercial
news agency unrelated to the pres
ent United Press which had -four
ished, partly by stealing the A. P.'s
news.
Melvine Stone, the A. P.'s gen.
eral manager, proved this by in
serting in an A. P. story of revolt
in linda reference to a fictitious
native leader Shit El Otspueht. The
rival service presently put out
similar story containing the same
name, which spelled backwards the
U. P. stole this"
A five-year mortal struggle be-
tween the two organizations-th
crucial test of whether the Nations
leading newspapers would throw
their support to a private COM
mercial agency or to the co-opera-
tive system for providing the bulk
of their news-ended in 1897 in the
demise of the old United Press and
victory for the A. P.
Bigtime newspaper coverage BIOS
Evening star., 1940-10-16
somed in the Spanish-American war

somed IN the Spanish American war.
A. P. Correspondent Charles San
ford Diehl persuaded President Nc
Kinley for the first time TO allow
newspapermen on American war
ships, The A. P. hired yacht and
four tugs to cover the fighting. and
they were in the thick Of it most of
the time. The last three shots of
the war of Santiago, fired by the
U. S. S. Potomac, were aimed-by
mistake-at the A. P. tug Cynthia.
AS the war ended the A. P. prin-
ciple got its ultimate test. Hos
tile private interests obtained from
the courts of Illinois, where the A. P.
was incorporated, a decision shat
tering the A. P. cooperative status
and ruling that it was a public util-
ity that must sell to all comers.
The A. P. dissolved in Illinois
and, without a break in service, re-
incorporated in New York under
laws that have protected its CO.
operative status down to the present.
3AAOb CSAdCllO oi WAC liCW
organization was Frank B. Noyes,
young executive of The Washing
ton Star, who had been one of the
leading supporters of the A. P. in
its early days of struggle.
Dedicated to MIR. Noyes.
Mr.. Noyes became one of the
Nations outstanding publishers, and
remained at the helm Of the Asso-
ciated Press for 38 years. When he
retired at the age of Is two years
ago. the Associated Press members
authorized the preparation of A p
The Story of News" as tribute to
Mr.. Moves, and it is to him that the
book is dedicated.
Mr.. Granting, the author, is di-
rector of the A. P. membership de-
partment. He was assisted by Will
liam A. Kinney, now of the A. P's
Washington bureau The book was
Illustrated by Henry Barrow, A. P.
Evening star., 1940-10-16

A. A. A. up to noon Friday. En-
trants must state year, make and
body style of car; name, address
and telephone number of owner and
whether or not temporary license
plates for car will be needed.
Cars entered must be able to run
under their own power at the judg-
ing, set for II am. Saturday, and
operators and other occupants. if
any, are requested to wear clothing
appropriate to the year in which
their vehicles were built. Judges
will apportion honors on a basis
Of SO points for age of vehicle, 30
points for It's condition and 20
points for appropriateness of occu-
pants dress.
Evening star., 1940-10-16
New Book Traces
A. P.'s 100 Years
OF Newsgathering
kon-Profit Organization
With Stoff Of 200
Serves l,400 Papers

(For a hundred years the As
sociqted Press has been recording
history, and no1p its orn history
comes forth nert Monday in the
neD book. "A. P.-The Story OF
Ne,US." To q great ertent, the
qro1Uth OF "A. P" has been the
groluth OF American journalism.
1t is a cooperative, non-proft
association of more than 1,400
newspaper members, and its task
Is the sUitt collection OF accurate,
reliable and impartial intorma-
ton OF the 1Uorld The Star,
Dhich is q member newspaper,
presents belo,U the first OF three
stories, highlightinq important,
interesting parts OF the book.
The other t,Oo stories ,Ctll appear
Thursday and Friday)
Evening star., 1940-10-16
Eastern Shore Contributes
1922 Auto for Show

A 1922 automobile brought from
the Eastern Shore of Maryland for
the occasion is among vehicles en-
tered in the "old car contest" of the
American Automobile Association,
District of Columbia Division, which
will feature the opening program of
the Washington Auto Show Satur-
day in Riverside Stadium, Twenty
sixth and D streets NV.
Other cars entered include
1922 sedan, owned by Daniel c.
Long, 1884 Reservoir road NV,
and a large 1925 phaeton. owned by
Paul N. Francis. 1880 Chain Bridge
road NV. Both owners declared
the old vehicles still are in regular
use.
Entries will be received at the
Evening star., 1940-10-16
By GLADWIN HILL.

NEW YORK. Oct 16 IP).-When
Lincoln made his Gettysburg ad-
dress, it was an A. P. men, hunched
over pencil and paper beside the
platform, who sent the immortal
words out to the world. -.
When Gen. Custer set out to battle
the SIOUX, trotting along at his side
on little mule was representative
OF the Associated Press.
When the Rev. Samuel Burchard
uttered his famous line about
80 - Rum, Romanism and Rebel
hon =" it was an A. P. man who
reported the words that blasted
Blaine's path to the White House. ...
When Warren G. Harding breathed
brought to Calvin Coolidge in his
Vermont farmhouse the news that
he was President.
And when the Kellogg BRAND
peace pact was sealed. the idea was
traced to the suggestion Of an A. P.
For a hundred years the Asso-
ciated Press has been recording his
tory-the Civil War . the West
ward expansion the Spanish
American War Black Friday :. :.
the World War :. Sacco and Van
zetti the crash . the Lind
bergh kidnapping the present
European war &. . and, day by day,
millions of other happenings Of local
and worldwide moment.
Largest News Agency.
The Associated Press is the larg-
est news-gathering system in the
world. 1t is a non-proft co-opera-
tive organization maintained by
1,4OO of the Nations principal news
papers, including The Washington
Star.
It has bureaus all over the world
and about 1900 employees. Approx
mately 100000 other newspaper
people-employes of member papers
and affiliated agencies - contribute
to the daily 100000 words that
move over the A. P.s 265,000 miles
Of leased wires.
In recording history, the Asso-
ciated Press has made history, for
its growth from one employe to a
huge organization has been to a
great extent the growth of Amerl-
can journalism. cornerstone OF the
Nations structure.
This history has been written for
the first time, under the sponsor
ship of the Associated Press, and
will be published by Farrar IL
Rinehart Monday in 500-page
book, "A. P.-The Story of News
The author is Oliver Granting.
Story Begins With 1911.
The story opens in 1911. with the
scheme of a Boston coffee house
proprietor for increasing his pa
tronage.
AS lure for customers, in an
era when newspapers were scarce,
he kept on a convenient table news
books" in which the details of re-
cent happenings far and near were
recorded. Keeping up the books
soon became too much of a job for
the entrepreneur, SO he hired a
young man named Samuel Toplf,
jr, to help him.
Young Topliff soon discovered
that a fine news source was travellers
coming in on the ships from Europe.
To get this intelligence directly, he
began making regular trips down
the harbor in a rowboat to meet the
ships.
Mr.. Toplif1's excursions marked
the birth of systematic news gather
ing in America.
His system spread to New York
and other seaports. The news of
the end Of the War of 1872 was
received thus in Charleston, S. c.
seven weeks after the treaty was
signed.
Papers Pooled News.
The New York papers pooled to
maintain harbor boats. So it was
that Al wears later when the limited
Evening star., 1940-10-16

stafi artist, whose cartoons appear
daily on many editorial pages
throughout the country.
1t took Nation wide research; the
inspection of newspapers dating
back to 1900; the consultation of
some 5000 books of reference; and
the reading of 20,000,000 yords of
A. P. records alone; and two years
of writing to reconstruct in detail
this dramatic story Of American
journalism.
(TonlorroD: From carrier pig
con to cable: The fascinating de-
pelopment OF neWsgathering tech
niqueJ
Evening star., 1940-10-16
Iden Family Elects
BerryviIIe Member

DR.. Carol Iden of Berryville, Va,
was named president of members
of the Iden family at their first re-
union at Goose Greek Tavern. near
Leesburg, it was announced today.
Samuel Iden of Fairfax was
elected secretary of the organiza-
tion, whose membership extends as
far as Indiana.
Evening star., 1940-10-16
Supper at Ashton Church

The ladies of the Ashton Md
Methodist Church VIII give an
oyster and chicken salad supper in
the church tomorrow from to pm
Evening star., 1940-10-16

Entries will be received at the
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1940-12-23
Flats sor Sale


.AsT FORT. 1897 - Two.fsmIly frame,
stx- roums taEn. 81. 500. $500 down
homss White. TErrses 2-sie3
christmas sPEcfALs-Bs mont Three
;wo-fsmiiy brick fats, ss 600 each two
family Garfield near John 4 s. 600
Chandler, seven-fanily exceptional bar
ram Engisxo GOD iwo-faniy. 81 800. Rts-
,onable down payments, Frank l.. whey.
Trinity 2-s1sT
sEvEP-,L recondtioned 2-taHntiy tias
your choice reasonable ca. 700
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1940-12-23
ALL WOOL RUG
5 1900

XMAS DELIVERY GUARANTEED
A aSi7 Alexander. Smith rug of besu'iful
pattern; 81. On weekly. CENTRAL STORES
NEAR LIvERSois. OPEN EWES. AND
SUN.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1940-12-23

GORRELL--GOod s-room cottage on LARGE
lot 40xf4e; side drive. garage, only $3.50
Town: cheaper than rent.
ELsEA REALTY q INVESTMENT Co
i2s7 West Fort VI. i.li0o
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1940-12-23
Business Opportunities
DOCTORS TAKE NOTICE
NIGHT CLUB

for lease. An up To date place. DONG choice
business. Has netted over 81 900 IN one
niFht and can do much better N promoted +
10 600 square feet floor space; complete
bars; seats over 500 besides large. first
class dance floor IN eerter. Ideal setup for
catering 10 private parties and chicken din
ntrs. Has been operated by owner for S
years. He has made plenty OF money. re-
tirine on account ~ heath He will give
tenant fun cooperation. 80 miles from De.
troit city limits, near FLINT See us for
kull particulars.
J W MeSHASE
Ni760 West 7-Mle Road. corner Ord. River
g. REDFORD oE77
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1940-12-23
Real Estate Wanted

COLORED buyers waiting casn IL hand ?
Any section slnEles latk. Apartments
Pembroke. fenpis .2Iso
NE Buy for cash your equity m sinx
OF Iseifns. QUICK action ca s2i2
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1940-12-23

NEW MATTRESS SALE
SacrihcinE brand new factory wrsp ped
innerspring 1872 coil mattresses while they
last. So aS. Northern Warehouse.
1920 LlNERSOfS
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1940-12-23
Houses for Sale
House, for Sale

northwest SECTION - 3-room brick
cottage large lot. excellent condition
,nly 81 400. terms. BEDFORD 1912 or Red
hrd asea-W
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1940-12-23
$500

W wv
XMAS DELIVERY GUARANTEED
Beautiful extension tshie ana red leather
cite seat ohsirs. 81 90 weekly CENTRAL
STORES, s0SS FENkELL- NEAR LiV-
BRNo1s. OPEN SUI AND Ewes.
FOR sALE-R4a4.t4f8- sets egs
shell service FOR sir. EIGHT ard twelve
Mates tSc-Si oo) store, Livernois. War
rsH Public Market =
FREE CEDAR CHEST with beautiful s-pe.
modern BED room suite sacrifice at SAP.
terms. WARDS Outlet 7i3i Harper
HIGH GRADE hving room suite: slightly
used. $50 80 value; yours for $40 so.
terms Washington 1858 Grapot Open eve.
JENNY LIND or ur-poster. full or twin
sizes, s. So Crown 200 GrstlQt. 81
LOOK Matched walnut or mahogany finish
3-pe bedroom suites; $50 values 20 at
only. S24 30. Hurry Easy terms Washing.
ton. 1868 Grati9t. Open evenings
IT PAYS 10 puy the Central stores way:
y locations in Detroit.
LIVING ROOM suites. oeautifu selection.
under $50: don't pay the long price:
buy direct from distributor. ROGERS CO..
26ls East Grand Blvd. at the visduct-
LIVING ROOM sUiTE-Sew mohair. Was
SOS slightly snfef s2i Benson's 1924
Woodward Open evenings sunday 1928.
LIVING RM suites. lOqs above cost open
sunday Van Lokern. l+a47 Chsrlevoix.
LIVING ROOM sUITES-s2s 20 Rt;evay
Furniture Co IFS Tarper
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1940-12-23

NEW LIVING ROOM SALE
Sacrificing a stock Of brand new apiece
living room suites In mohair velour. friz-
zetta and tapestry in beautiful patterns.
colors and frames. Terms. : ST down.
Charles ~ London suite davenport and
chairs. S23 complete Northern Warehouse.
ISoi0 lTVTENOTS
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1940-12-23

NEW factory wrapped innerspring mat
tress. S5.s5.' Arcadia Furn.. 6s5s Gratlot.
NEW ali wool AKIN. sxi2 rugs sig.
NOME. 5000 CASS. OPEN EVENINGS
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1940-12-23
Farms and Lands FOR Sale

opportunity To secure gOG1 product We
-fr-rrf-iAr-r- II prnHF. porous aEficBfursl sec
non Of Gulf Cast Nhege land pfie.A Ana
laNes are low lssaI year round, mia.
ksaltpfgl sEna's Aoundarcs pure drink
~ water Approximately 90 inches annual
fainfau. $50 growing days Good schools.
thurcnes highSays Es'ablishe6 essh mar
l.ts Splendid transportation tacisf'ss
Improved and Eninproyed good farm Ian1s
a. attractive pricss and easy terms. Free
rory Southland cn request. Write. + J..
tod1y, Genera Development Agent Dept
BIG Louisville and NASHVILLE Railroad
tnn,pAny LOUSY IT, Ky.
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1940-12-23
$500

Al brand new 2po living roon. sSi2
swedish modern nIE iufe 3-pc mod
sfn walnut finish bedroom SUITE end
table. occ. tanls. table .smp roor
lamps throw rug radio 5-pc steel
tube breakfast set. extension dinstte
set set Of dishes ara tlvsrsare S.
down cnrnpI
Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958, 1940-12-23

sr.nA ,.,.' , WAn5 zsni,b ie'fnb. .p.~,v.
81 down
1h7fn ITNFRNOTE
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-08-24
A Thought for Today
Unit Rule Debatable

By the time this is read good oeaI of what is to be transacted at the Deno- cratic State Convention in New Haven will be just history We don't imagine that the convention will do anything about the question of the unit rule vote, but we do think that the Democratic Party should as a whole take steps to eliminate the unit rule so that delegations to future conventions may be guided ac- cordinglv. To our way of thinking the unit rule has no more place III party procedure than the tWo-thlrds majority did. Democrats got rid of this rule; they should change the unit rule construc- tion
 We make this claim with the full knowledge that it can be debated; we know that very good arguments can De presented for the unit rule. And we are not criticizing the Waterbury delegatlon to the state convention, or any other, for binding themselves by the unit rule. Where the unit rule has been voted, It certainly should apply beyond any ques- tion of doubt and that goes for Water bury where delegates to a convention knowingly and openly endorsed the unit rule. That was proper procedure under party rules and regulations, but 1t does not convince us of the worth of the prin- ciple of unit rule.
 Every delegate in every convention has the right, once elected, to a vote, not merely in caucus but in the final pleog- ing of this delegation vote. This is denled by the unit rule and the object1ng mem Der or members are submerged by the majority vote. We note that pr. Wilbur L. Cross feels that the unit rule IS not real Democratic procedure. There are many others, too, some of whom oppose It only for political reasosn, while rev. like Dr. Cross, are actually concerned With the principle of the rule and not so much it's actual practice. That's where we aoo car endorsement, too.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-08-24
Who's Teaching Who What?

Not long ago several students at the University of Michigan received notice that "you cannot be readmitted." PreSi- dent Alexander G. Ruthven asserted that only such students are wanted as are convinced that democracy is the ideal form of government for civilized peo- ple." There will be no Fifth Columning at Michigan, he assured hearers, and added that while "honest discussion is a valuable method of education" ''it is to be clearly distinguished from propa- ganda."
 Some believe, of course, that "honest discussion" is not only valuable but perhaps the only method of education. The University of Wisconsin would seem to be one of them. Faced with a similar problem of radical-minded students, the Wisconsin board of regents answered Governor Heil's inquiry; ''Those students who are impressed with other forms of government may we'll to their advan- tage and to that of the nation be exposed to the program of American education conducted at the university
 Who's educating who? Are the colleges to educate the students, teach them Americanism? Or are they to restrict the student body to those already convinced, thus instituting four-year session ot shadow boxing?
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-08-24

said that such right belonged to some one who had had more affiliations with ex-Governor Cross throughout his four terms; he could have pointed out that he was serving his first term as mayor of Waterbury and that his own political career might be hurt by his endorsement of the Cross cause in New Haven.
 But Mayor Scully accepted willingly and humbly the task appointed to him and we feel sure, whatever the outcome in New Haven today, that he will not suffer greatly as a result. There are many who claim that if Public Works Con- missioner Robert A. Hurley is nominated today Waterbury and the Scully admin istration cannot expect any "favorS' in event of Democratic victory this fall. To make such claim would be an invita- ton to the local Democratic Party not to support Mr. Hurley if he is nominated. You can rest assured that no such attl- tude will be taken by the Scully admins tration if the Hurley forces are success full Waterbury will remain as loyal as any city with pronounced Democratic tendencies.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-08-24
Creditable Showing

The announcement that only 2,OOO cars remain to be inspected in the Water bury area between now and August 3l indicates that the local motor vehicle testing lane has been operating very successfully. There remains but one week in which these cars can be tested, but if there should not be sufficient time to complete the list before deadllne mo- torists can blame only themselves. They have had plenty of time with which to comply with the law and no one can say that every opportunity hasn't been at- forded them.
 Incidentally it should not be lost sight of that those who fail to comply with the testing law face loss of their registration. This is a serious matter and should be a matter of pride with any motorist. Loss of registration by even thousand oper- ators in the Waterbury area would result in quite a wholesale removal of vehicles from our local streets and highways. There is no reason why this should hap pen. Those 2,000 vehicles ought to go through their paces and assure the dlS- trict of a perfect record.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-08-24
Realism in Maneuvers

The maneuvers held this summer by Army and National Guard units have been put on with realism seldom at tempted before Many of the boys Will come home with recollections of real hardships and some realization of the meaning of real campaigning.
 In upper New York state, however, a further dash of realism was added by low-flying "Black" plane which dropped propaganda leaflets among the "Blue" soldiers. Many of our airplanes are already poised to demolish your supplies and communications, and after that - no more hot coffee," read one such pro- aganda appeal. Put down your arms and come under the leadership of the Blacks"
 There is nothing fantastic about this. Today's soldier must be trained to resist propaganda as well as tanks and dive bombers. And there is no better way to train him than to show him in advance how it works We count on the mental alertness, the resourcefulness, the intelll- gence of the American soldier as much as on his ability to squeeze trigger.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-08-24

The theory that the amount of money demanded as security in the posting of primary tickets by the Democratic Party of Waterbury is a "hold-up" for those individuals or groups which may be op- posed to the ruling party is hardly logi- cal Anyone who has engaged in pri- mary knows that there are expenses at tached to the pure mechanics of the job. A party organization can't conduct pri- mary contest, along strict rules, without mourning some expense, perfectly legit- innate ones. These are the expenses that might be incurred in providing proper polling places in the various districts and their supervision during the hours that the primary voting is conducted. What ever money is left when these legitimate expenses have been taken care of is re- turned to those who made the original deposits. If this can be termed mold up" it doesn't make sense.