davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1940-12-07
D..
End Of Skyscraper,
'Proiit|ess' BUILDING
Venture, Predicted
Structure Of the Future
To Be More Efficient,
Expert Believes

Efncient design and improved lay
out, Is the result Of practical plan
ming, will mark the development
of the building Of the future. espe-
cially In the larger business centers.
At the same time remodeling and
improved methods Of maintenance
will assume greater proportions as
. continuing oversupply Of space
precludes new construction.
These are the views expressed by
William E. Malrn. past president
Of the National Association Of Build
Ing Owners and Managers, and
chairman Of its Committee on De-
probation and Obsolescence, In pre-
senting preliminary findings Of the
committees study Of these factors
In the determination Of property
values.
THE development period Of ONCE
buildings Of extreme height has un-
questionably passed." Mr.. Malm
states In Skyscraper Management,
land the design Of future buildings
will undoubtedly provide for greater
absorption Of ground area per unit OF
construction than prevailing struc-
lures. The skyscraper ventures Of
the country have enjoyed long
periods Of 'profitless prosperity and
have not been financial successes
when compared with other forms of
investment"
Buildings to Last Longer.
The building of the future, espe-
cially In the larger business centers.
Is certain to enjoy a longer period
Of usefulness than existing con-
struction, 1t Is pointed out, as the
materials used will not be as de-
preciable and the absence Of rapid
population expansion will stabilize
land utilization.
Decentralization as 4 major in
dustry problem Is cited as relevant
to the study Of depreciation and
obsolescence for the part it plays
in the stabilization Of land values.
Frontiers for a long period, it is
indicated, will not be the distant
horizons, but "our own frnt door,
steps, wehre we must direct our
efforts toward the salvage and
rehabilitation OF the economic
vacuum which surrounds the CEN
trail business districts Of most Of
our important cities"
The average useful" life OF an
ONCE building. from data assem-
bled on operating experience
throughout the Nation, is less than
10 years. Life expectancy" for
commercial properties is determined
Evening star., 1940-12-07
Second Largest Industry

The building industry ranks sec
ond only to agriculture in size and
importance. One out OF every five
men in the United States is indi-
rectly dependent on it for his liveli-
hood. One out Of every 10 is di-
rectly dependent. Despite this, over
1900 900 American families-over
so per cent of the population-ive
in rented quarters.
Evening star., 1940-12-07
Dininq Room Motif

The bright. clear colors Of school
crayons are copied In the decoration
Of . dining room, furnished with
wheat-color peasant furniture. The
wall is . gay yellow. bound by blue
ceiling holdings and Dashboard; |;
the carpet, q brisk red and blue
design. An open cabinet displays
bright pottery and glassware.
Evening star., 1940-12-07
Kitchen Decoration

A kitchen which was gloomy in
outlook has been made cheerful
with gay decoration. Walls and
ceiling were painted a putty color
enamel and were divided by a wide
molding Of lacquer red. The same
color Is repeated at the tops OF the
cabinets and sink. The canister
set and enamelware are 4 match
ing red. Is are the tapes of the
Venetian blinds. The linoleum is
putty color tile pattern with red
and black included In the design.
Evening star., 1940-12-07
Roof InsuIution

An old roof can be insulated and
reshingled at the same time. Asphalt
shingles, laid over an existing worn-
out shingled roof, greatly increase
the insulating value OF the roof, in
addition to making 1t resistant to
chimney and other sparks-chief
causes of all roof fires.
Evening star., 1940-12-07
Bullets for Britons

Britain's 1900 miniature rifle
clubs, which were threatened with
extinction when their ammunition
was commandeered for the Home
Guards, have been given permission
to import ammunition.
Evening star., 1940-12-16
Worships Hit
In Naples Raid,
British Say
-Four Large Blasts
Reported After
Air Attack
BY the Associated Press.

CAIRO, Egypt, Dec. 16-Five di-
rect hits on a concentration of
cruisers and destroyers in a British
air raid on the Italian port of
Naples Saturday night were reported
today by an R. A. F. communique
1t said two italian battleships also
were attacked in the raid, but did
not claim any direct hits on them.
The five hits on the smaller war
vessels, the communique said, re-
suited in four large explosions.
Can italian communique ad-
mitted yesterday that one war;
ship of medium tonnage was
damaged and SO of its crew were
killed or injured and that a small
motor sailboat was sunk in three
British air attacks on Naples
Saturday night)
The R. A. F.. communique said
one British bomber dumped its en-
tire load close to battleship, and
that bomb burts caused fires on the
jetty to which the big vessels were
moored.
British planes also attacked Ital-
ian airdromes in the western desert
yesterday and caused considerable
damage in a raid on Bardia," the
communique said.
Evening star., 1940-12-16
Democratic Chiefs
To Be Called Here for
Harmony Conference
Inauguration Day to Be
Occasion for PorIey to
Iron Out FoctionuI Feuds
By G. GOULD LINCOLN.

President Roosevelt's third-term
Inauguration next month is to be
the occasion for a gathering of the
Democratic National Committee
and Democratic State chairmen.
Ostensible purpose of this gather
ing is to do honor to the man who
has carried the Democratic party
to victory in three consecutive ma
tional campaigns. The underlying
purpose, however, is to iron out
strife that has developed in num-
ber Of important States where
Democratic factions are or have been
at war. If necessary. it is said, q
number of heads will be knocked
together-to get some political sense
into them.
Chairman Edward j. Flynn of the
Democratic National Committee is
bent on bringing about as complete
harmony in the party as possible.
Troubles in Ohio, Illinois and Massa-
chusetts, for example, are held re-
sponsible for Republican gains.
And there are other States in which
factional differences have resulted
in the loss of gubernatorial and con-
gressional elections.
In a number of instances State
chairmen and national committee
men have been at loggerheads. That
(See DEMOCRATS, Page A-2.)
Evening star., 1940-12-16

Immediately after Christmas last
year case workers at the various
welfare agencies were asked to re-
port on how the money sent to The
Stars Christmas fund was used by
the families to which Christmas
checks were sent. -.
The reports told of grand
mother, almost 80 years old, with
two fatherless children to look after.
Their mother was in the hospital
with tuberculosis. The Christmas
check bought a chicken dinner for
the children and fruit for the
mother, 80 that she shared with
the family this Christmas cheer" It
was her last Christmas.
Another report told Of a mother
with seven small children. Two
pairs of stockings for each child
and a turkey dinner with all the
flxings came out of the Christmas
check. Mother and children" said
the worker, had the best Christ
(see CHRISTMAS. Pase A-30
Evening star., 1940-12-16

&'AAo ~ AsooSSHSAe, WIZ
has avoided making outright
suggestions on financial aid to
Britain, went all the way this
morning. Asked about a loan to
Britain, she said we might as we'll
think about gifts of cash instead.
II think it's about time" she de-
clared. that we started to give
something. A certain number of
people are under the impression that
we've been giving a great deal"
But, she added, what we've done
has been for our own benefit be-
cause it has helped to increase our
own production.
She said also she believed outright
gifts of cash would be much less
likely to draw the United States into
war than loans would be.
when the war is over" she said,
Evening star., 1940-12-16
| Supreme Court
| Will Review
|'Jin1 Crow Case
y the Associated Press.

The Supreme Court agreed today
to review a challenge by Repre-
sentative Mitchell, the only colored
member of Congress, of the consti-
tutionality of Jim Crow railway
cars in the South.
Representative Mitchell, Democrat,
of Illinois, asserted that railroads
must furnish accommodations to
members of his race equal to those
provided white persons travelling in
interstate commerce.
His petition was dismissed by the
Northern Illinois Federal District
Court.
Granting of a Supreme Court re-
view means that argument will be
heard in a few weeks and there
will follow a final decision.
The Mitchell petition said that
while travelling from Chicago to Hot
Springs, Ark, in 1887 on a first-class
ticket he was "forcibly elected" from
Pullman car in Arkansas and COM
PEELED to finish the journey in a
Jim Grow" car.
Evening star., 1940-12-16

job, house, car or dress on some
tomorrow, but to be alive.
Most trivial passions disappear
when one faces as stark reality the
possibility that all possessions, all
freedom. even ones country, may
no longer be his own in a few
short months.
There is something sublime in
British reaction to blitzkrieg.
The lady who wouldn't notice a
woman of the '1owah clawses" even
through lorgenette now holds the
slavey's begrimed baby in the
shelter.
The limousine of the banker from
"the city" loads up with cockney
workmen at "a bus stop to speed
them home.
The maid sits in the mistress
parlor for her cup of tea at night.
The high and the low find they
are actually just people whose knees
can quake. whose hearts leap to
Evening star., 1940-12-16

people have to pick up and go on
and it is to our advantage that they
should. Don't let us repeat the same
mistakes we made before What
value have we gotten out of our
loans in the last WARP"
Asked where she thought the
money would come from, she said
that it should be a Government
grant-Which eventually would come
"out of your pockets and mine"
Mrs. Roosevelt packed into her
press conference a number of state
ments based on national defense
problems.
Commenting .on the high percent
age Of reflections of men drafted
under selective service because OF
health defects. she said she hoped
these reflections would dramatic the
(See MRS. ROOSEVELT, Page A-5.)
Evening star., 1940-12-16
Major Berlin Targets
Bombed by R. A. F.,
British Declare
Frankfurt, KieI and
Bremen Also Reported
Attacked in Night
By the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
LONDON, Dec. 16-The R. A. F..
pounded railways, factories and
public utilities in Berlin, Frankfurt
on-the-Main, the Kiel shipyards and
the port of Bremen In slashing over
night raids, the Air Ministry an
nounced today.
1n Berlin the German high
command reported that four
persons were killed and IL
wounded in the British air raids
on Berlin last night. Some
damage was acknowledged
Berlin drew the heaviest attack,
the announcement said, with the
raiders singing out numerous i'm
portant targets for their bombs.
Besides bombing the inland port
of Frankfurt, the Air Ministry said
a number of targets near that city
were hit hard.
In still another attack, British
bombers were declared to have
scored direct hits on two enemy
merchant vessels off the French
coast.
Three Planes Missing.
Three planes were acknowledged
missing from all the night opera
tions.
Prior to the Air Ministry's an
nouncement, British informants had
described the Berlin attack as pro
longed."
Germanys night raiders bombed
Sheffield, English steel center, last
night for the second time in less
than a week.
Official sources in their first re-
ports said only that bombs fell in
the Sheffield area"
Sheffield was attacked heavily last
Thursday night and victims of that
raid, buried alive in AFRAID shelters,
still were being rescued early today
In the first reported activity of
the new day, a German plane ma
(See RAIDS, Page AID
Evening star., 1940-12-16

throats, whose kinfolk are equally
precious and whose possessions,
large or small, are slipping.
In the presence of a stalking
terror they feel the need of COM
panionship and welcome whom
soever is closest.
And great is their amazement to
find that they like this. They find
qualities they never suspected in
each other.
I have often heard these phe-
nomena discussed a bit ecstatically
at group teas and such things. Even
the one-time snobs seem glad of it.
We have an aging maid-of all
work whose case, think, illustrates
one side of what the war is doing
to people.
She is on small government
pension, earned by years Of clean
ing government offices. She had .
(see THoA6PsON, Page A-e)
Evening star., 1940-12-16
Attempt 10 Recess House
Until Wednesday Blocked

An attempt to obtain a recess OF
the House was blocked today after
Acting Speaker Mccormack of
Massachusetts, had predicted that a
presidential veto of the Logan
Walter bill would be sent to Capitol
Hill Wednesday.
Acting Majority Leader Cooper of
Tennessee asked unanimous consent
that recess be taken until Wednes-
day.
Representative Hoffman, Repub-
lican, of Michigan objected, saying
he had noticed that the President
was back from his vacation" to
face a desk piled high with busi-
ness. Therefore, he argued, Con-
gress also should stay at work.
The current session, which ap-
parently is going to be the longest
in history. outlasting even the 354-
day session in the war days OF
1918, had no other prospects OF
business,
Evening star., 1940-12-16
Hitler Envoy Arrives
In Vichy 10 Probe
Custer Of Laval
Regimes Fate Held in
Balance, With Full kozi
Occupation Possible
BY the Associated Press.

bS Vic aSSoCldteu IlcsS.
BERN, Switzerland, Dec. 16.-The
fate OF conquered Frances Vichy
government and possibly even total
Nazi occupation of her soil was be-
lieved here today to depend on how
the Axis takes the weekend up
heaval in the cabinet of Chief of
State Philippe Petain.
Reichsfuehrer Hitler's represent
ative in Paris, Ambassador Otto
Abetz, arrived in Vichy today to
talk to Marshal Petain
Berlin's approval of the custer of
Pierre Laval as Vice Premier and
Foreign Minister, observers said,
may hinge on what the French
Chief of State tells Abetz.
Laval Reported Prisoner.
Sources here said M. Laval, at
first reported under guard in his
own home, now was rumored to be
a prisoner in Chateau de Pellevoison,
along with the Republican leaders
who face war guilt" charges in the
impending Riom trials which M.
Laval himself advocated.
Authorized sources in Berlin said
the Laval dismissal came as a sur
prise and that, until the German
government has been fully informed
of what it means, the German press
will not even report that M. Laval
is out, succeeded as foreign minister
by Pierre-Etienne Flandin.
A special reason for Germany's
reserve, they said, is that France
has made only a truce with Ger
many and peace has not yet been
e-established.
Fears that Germany eventually
might occupy all of France stemmed
from Marshal Petain's reported re-
fusal to let Germany send troops
through unoccupied France to aid
Italian forces in Libya and Greece.
Nazi preference for a route through
France, instead of through Italy,
was said to be to protect Italian
home morale.
Railways Closely Watched.
Although France is a beaten ma
ton, informed sources here pointed
out, transit of troops through the
zone without Vichys
consent would involve elaborate pre-
cautions both to MAINTAIN secrecy
and to protect the Nazi column from
sabotage.
While railroads in the occupied
Zone are closely watched and partly
(see FRANCE, Page A-14o
Evening star., 1940-12-16
Lord Lothian S Ashes
Placed in Vault
AT Arlington
British and American
Governments Join in
Tribute to Diplomat

The ashes of Lord Lothian, late
British Ambassador to the United
States, were deposited today in
vault beneath the mast of the
Battleship Maine in Arlington Gene
terry.
There in a cold fine rain the
British and the American Govern
ments joined in final tribute to
the man who many say died from
overwork in the interest of his war
ring homeland.
A caisson drawn by six horses
from what is known as the Presi-
dents Gray Horse Battery-Battery
c. 10th Field Artillery, attached to
Fort Myer-bore the catafalque con-
tanning the diplomats ashes to the
Maine monument.
The catafalque was draped with
a Union Jack, ano the small box
containing the ashes was also wrap
ped in the British standard.
Rites Are Simple.
In contrast to the religious cere-
mony held yesterday at the Wash
ington Cathedral, today's rites were
simple.
The slow booming of a French
Is artillery piece on the nearby Fort
Myer military reservation in a 49,
gun salute heralded the entrance of
the funeral caisson into the ceme-
terry grounds.
Ahead OF the caisson marched the
United States Army Band, playing
Chopin's funeral march, and. troops
from the 18th Infantry. U. S. A..
and from the Marine Corps, as well
as mounted men from the Sd Caval-
ry, U. S. A.
Secretary of State Hull repre-
sented the American Government
The Ministers from the countries
in the British commonwealth of ma
tions and the members of the British
Embassy staff headed by Neville
Butler, Charge d'Affaires, rode in
automobiles in funeral procession
behind the caisson.
The catafalque was halted dl-
rectly in front of the entrance to
the vault guarded by 80 soldiers.
Band Plays Hymn.
The band gave four fourishes and
a ruffie and played Nearer My
God to Thee" while the ashes were
carried into the vault.
The mourners present stood bare
headed in the foggy rain. The leaf
less trees near the vault stood almost
like spectres in the misty atmos-
phere
A small number of American citi-
zens as well as number of ambas-
sadors and ministers and wives of
British Embassy officials, watched
the proceedings.
Miss Irene Boyle, secretary of the
late Ambassador, was among the
first to arrive at the scene. There
were the Belgian Ambassador, the
Norwegian Minister, the Luxem-
pourg Minister and the Netherlands
(See LOTHIAN PAGE A-40
Evening star., 1940-12-16
Overcome Weather
And Bitter Italian
Reorguord Fight
BY DANIEL DE LUCE.


WITH THE GREEK ARMY ON
THE SOUTHERN ALBANIAN
FRONT, Dec. 16-Against odds of
freezing weather and bitter Italian
rearguard resistance, Greece's fight
ers reported today they had pushed
their lines forward on a snowy front
running half the length of Albania.
Tough Greek infantrymen, swathed
in khaki woolenS, carried the brunt
of the attack, it was reported in
front line military dispatches reach
ing this base.
Gn Athens, Greek reports said
an italian general and colonel
were killed when Greeks stormed
an important position on the
southern front where the
Greeks were driving toward
Valona-Which the Italians were
trying desperately to hold. Their
death was the sign for a whole
sale retreat, the reports said)
The Italians continued throwing
reserves into the scattered noun
tain battles, but all reports pointed
to imminent Greek successes pos
sibly surprising those gained in the
capture of Koritza and Argirocastro,
main bases of the thwarted Fascist
invasion of Greece.
Valona Constantly Pounded.
Constant aerial pounding of Va
Iona Harbor has hampered Italian
efforts to land troops and they now
are having to disembark reinforce
ments in small boats launched from
transports anchored 2 miles from
the regular docks.
Not a single piece of Italian fight
ing equipment is known to have
been landed in the past few days,
the Greeks declared.
Italian prisoners stream day and
night through Ioannina, Greek lake
side industrial town 80 miles from
the Albanian border. Last nights
arrivals included an entire battalion
and its chaplain Some prisoners
cheerfully went to work cleaning
Greek barracks.
Captured Italian trucks, motor
cycles and bicycles now are doing
duty for the Greeks, augmenting the
kingdoms transport system over icy,
rutted roads deep into Albania.
Although the italian air force no
longer menaceS Ioannina, one of the
early objectives of the Fascists, the
townspeople are completing AFRAID
shelters within the walls of Turk
ish fortress, remnant of Ottoman
rule existing here until the Balkan
war of 1912
Istanbul Volunteers Arrive.
Civilian morale is high and the
town is bustling Ike a Midwestern
county seat in the United States on
fair day.
Greek volunteers from Istanbul,
Turkey, now have reached the south
ern sector and are keeping pace
with Greece's famed mountain troops
in the Arctic type warfare.
Shepherds who brought their focks
to foothill pasturages, which now
have become backgrounds. watch
this modern military activity with
awe Their sheep bolt across the
fields in panic as army vehicles
rumble past.
The news of British victories in
Egypt has become a topic of discus
sion of greater interest in these
parts even than the recent Greek
gains
Il guess we showed them how"
remarked corporal who used to
work in Boston, Mass, shipping
agency.
Evening star., 1940-12-16
General and Colonel
Are Reported Killed

ATHENS, Dec. 16 (P).-An italian
general and colonel were reported
killed today when Greeks stormed
an important position Fascist forces
were trying desperately to hold.
The Italians were said to have
fled, leaving many dead, including
other senior officers.
This was on the southern front,
where the Greeks are driving toward
Valona, one of the three remaining
Albanian ports in Italian possess
sion.
I'm this sector our troops scored
another great victory by storming
and occupying another height which
the Italians defended with a gen.
Evening star., 1940-12-16
Swiss-French Railway
Reopened by Germans
BY the Associated Press.

BY The Associated Press.
VICHY, France, Dec. 16.-German
authorities permitted the resump-
ton yesterday of passenger traffic on
the Bellegarde-Geneva Railroad
line-only direct rail connection be-
tween Switzerland and unoccupied
France. The line passes through a
narrow strip of German-occupied
territory
The line had been reopened after
the end of the fighting in France,
but service was suspended a few
weeks later.
Evening star., 1940-12-16
Christmas House
Broddcdsts

If you're in the vicinity of
Christmas House, at Eleventh
street and Pennsylvania ave-
nue. NV, at any of the WMAL
broadcasting periods, stop by to
make a contribution and take
part. Representatives of organ
izations can arrange to appear
on one of the broadcasts by
calling National 5000 and ask
ing for Christmas House.
Today
4:20 to 4:45 PM.
1880 to 7:45 PM.
Tomorrow
S:45 to 10 AM.
IL noon to 12:15 PM.
40 to 4:45 PM.
Evening star., 1940-12-16
Lloyd George Confers
With ChurchiIIin London

By the Associated Press.
LONDON, Dec. 16.-David Lloyd
George, World War Prime Minister
whom political correspondents have
mentioned as a possible next Am
bassador to the United States or a
new member Of the British cabinet,
had long conference today with
Prime Minister Churchill.
Evening star., 1940-12-16

LONDON, Dec. is P}.-Permis-
sion was given today to disclose
that the American Club in Piccadilly
was damaged in a recent air raid.
President Lawrence Tweddy said the
club would continue to operate.
Evening star., 1940-12-16
Rome Reports Bitter Fighting
In Libyu and Albania

ROME, Dec. Is [P).-Bitter fight
ing in Libya and Albania against
severe British and Greek attacks
was reported today by the Italian
high command.
The British attacks along the
(See EGYPT, Page A-4D
Evening star., 1940-12-16
Christmas Campaign Checks
Will Be S Spent Carefully
Lost Years Record Shows Mothers
Stretch Pennies for Needy Families

Cash gifts to The Christmas campaign stretched
by mothers to the last penny usefulness.
The way the Christmas checks possible by The Stars
campaign last spent is basis that
Evening star., 1940-12-16
Outright Cash Gifts to Britain
Advocated by Mrs. Roosevelt
Says Money Should Be Government Grant
Coming Out of Your Pockets and Nine

Mrs Roosevelt today urged outright gifts
Britain.
I'VE might we'll realize" she told her press conference
that's we've been paid for single thing
Evening star., 1940-12-16

A Domei report in Shanghai yes
terday also reported Japanese air
attack on bridge along the Burma
road, Chinese supply artery between
Running and the British port of
Rangoon, but Chinese sources said
the bridge was not damaged.
Evening star., 1940-12-16
Nobel Peace Prize
Not to Be Awarded
BY the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
OSLO, Germany (Via Berlln), 3,
Dec. l6.-The Nobel Peace Prize
will not be awarded this year, it
was announced today.