davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1940-12-16

Before the war, Nobel peace
award winners were selected by a
committee of five named by the
Storting, parliament of Norway, now
Nazi-occupieo.
The last individual to win it was
British Viscount Cecil of Chelwood
in 1887. 1t went to the Nansen
International Office for Refugees
at Geneva in 1888 and was not con-
ferred last year.
There were no Nobel Peace Prizes
either from 1914 until 1919. when
Woodrow Wilson won it, except for
an award in 1917 to the Interna-
tonal Red Cross.
Evening star., 1940-12-16
Something Happens to People Facing Death
Bzkrieg Bonshes Class Distinction Servants and Employers
Find Mutual Pleasure in Slipping Tea Together

A DiDid story OF t1Dhat it means
to live under the eDer-present
threat of death in England has
been aOritten By Milo M. Thomp-
son, chief OF the London bureau
OF the Associated Press, 1Dho has
Hued there throughout the Euro
pean ,Dar. He kno,DS 1Dhdt it
means to haze his home, his Of
flee building bombed; to barely
miss being killed. Here is the
first article. The others aOill ap-
pear in The Star in II daily in
StdllmentS.
Evening star., 1940-12-16
New Burma Road Bridoe
Bombed, japanese Suy
By the Associated Press.

B, the Associated Press.
TOXIC, Dec. 16.-A Domei, Japa-
nese news agency, dispatch from
somewhere in Indo-C China said
Japanese naval planes had bombed
the new Kungkum bridge spanning
the Mekong River on the Burma
road today, halting traffic. 1t was
the second attack in two days on
the road.
Evening star., 1940-12-16
By MILO M. THOMPSON.

NEW YORK, Dec. 16.-Total war
such as London is experiencing to-
day is not all bad.
Something happens to people who,
facing death, have put aside all the
normal and petty expectations and
ambitions.
Their hope is not to have a better
Evening star., 1940-12-16
American Club Bombed

(See GREEK, Page A-5D
Evening star., 1940-12-16

(See DEMOCRATS, Page A-2D
Evening star., 1940-12-16

Rain, lowest about a. tonight; tomor.
row cloudy, preceded by light rain,
colder at night. Temperatures today
Highest, A, at 2 pm; lowest. 40, at
4:30 am.
From the United States weather Bureau report.
Full Details on Page A..
Evening star., 1940-12-16

(See LOTHIAN, Page Al.
Evening star., 1940-12-16

See NEW RIVER, Page A-4)
Evening star., 1940-09-28
Hitler Is No. | U. :. Enemy,
Admiral Stirling Warns

By the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, Sept. 2s.-Rear Ad-
miral Yates Stirling, jr, United
States Navy retired, said yester-
day that in this war Hitler's Ger
many must be considered America
enemy number one, and the At
lantic Ocean is our greatest re-
sponsibility."
Speaking at the Worlds Fair be-
fore the Women World War Vet
Grams, Admiral Stirling stated that
''in the Atlantic Is the citadel of
Britains empire and the main base
for its fleets. There, also, are our
greatest industries and our most
populous cities. If that ocean is
lost. the defeat OF America will be
certain and absolute"
Japan will move into British
Malaga. the Dutch East Indies and
Hong Kong, just opposite Manila"
he said With our fleet in the Pa
Gifts does Japan believe she is
free to wage war on America? Or
is she intent upon committing ma
tional harakiri?
Should Japan carry out her ag-
gressive intentions in the Pacific.
and if. through our help, Hitler is
defeated, then whatever injury has
been committed by Japan in the Far
East can be given restitution by the
united sea powers Of Great Britain
and America"
Evening star., 1940-09-28
WelIes
Continued From First Page }

United States" he said. than the
realization on our part that We pos
sess the sympathy. the trust and the
cooperation of our neighbors Of the
New World"
Czecho- -Slovakian Crisis.
Mr.. Welles upheld President
Roosevelt's intervention in the
Czecho-Slovakian crisis Of 1887,
which has been criticized by Wen
dell L. Willkie. the Republican presi-
Dental nominee.
If the nations directly interested
in that controversy" Mr.. Welles
said, including Czecho-Slovakia,
had sat around the council table in
some neutral city, on equal terms,
with no single one of them under
the threat of aggression. as the
President urged, the way might we'll
have been paved for the avoidance
of today's calamity"
In describing the failure of the
1888 economic conference in Lon
don, which Mr. Willkie had accused
President Roosevelt of "torpedoing, ="
Mr.. Welles said:
Early in 1888 the depression and
unemployment prevalent in most
countries. including our own, was so
severe as to require far-reaching
measures for relief and recovery in
each country.
This made it impossible. tragi-
cally enough, for the governments
Evening star., 1940-09-28
Groups Of Planes
Bomb Airports in
Malta, Italy Says
Foscist Patrols Active
In Desert; R. A. F.
Roids Libyon Posts
BY the Associated Press.


ROME, Sept. 28.-Two groups of
Italian warplanes bombed Malta's S
British airports yesterday, the Ital-
ian high command said today. while
Marshal Rodolfo Graziani's army In
Egypt sent out patrols to explore the
desert
British planes were reported to
have raided Libyan posts at Guar
nulgrein and Jarabub Oasis, at the
southern extremity of the Italian
frontier line
Two British planes were said to
haev been shot down in Libya and
three others were believed downed
there, as we'll as two over Malta.
Another British plane was reported
destroyed in a forced landing in
East Africa.
An Italian official said the Egyp-
tian government - under British
pressure-has interned or placed in
concentration camps thousands of
Italians. He said 5000 to 1000 were
believed interned.
This is another proof" the Of
fetal said, "of the confusion into
which the British government has
been thrown by Gen. Graziani's Of
fensive"
The Italian colony in Egypt, num-
bering about $4,000 before the war,
was described as always charac-
terized by respect for Egyptian
laws"
Evening star., 1940-09-28
lands still neutral will keep out Of

lands still neutral will keep out Of
the war.
The general theme which threaded
through columns of Berlin morning
papers was:
Everybody to his own continent,
q Monroe Doctrine for each geo.
graphical division Of the earth, and
England back in her island where
she belongs"
Each account added that Africa
belongs to Europe and, more par
ticularly, is in the sphere of in
fluence Of Italy. Germany and Spain.
No mention was made of the West
ern Hemisphere.
Spain Awaits Right Moment.
Although Spain was not repre-
sented in yesterdays ceremonies.
many quarters expressed belief the
axis powers and Spain merely are
waiting for a psychological moment
at which to announce a further
alliance.
Count Galeazzo Ciano. the Ital-
ian foreign minister conferred at
length late yesterday with the
Spanish minister of government,
Ramon Serrano Suner. who has
been in Berlin for some time as
Generalissimo Frances special en-
voy. Hitler received Count Ciano
today in the presence of Won Rib
bentrop.
Informed sources hinted that
Serrano Suner would issue some
sort of statement of Spanish ad-
herence to axis policies without,
however, committing his nation by
treaty
These sources said the German.
Italian and Japanese diplomats
probably would meet again today
to discuss setting up the technical
commissions called for in the three
power pact, although no formal
program was arranged.
Count Ciano was expected to re-
main in Berlin several days longer
to discuss details Of putting the
pact to work.
Evening star., 1940-09-28

the bursts of anti-aircraft fire and
streaked across the city at root
skimming altitude. The plane was
either flying very low or was un-
usually large, persons in the district
said.
Other Regions Are Hit.
But London, still the bullseye, was
only part of the Nazi target, and
raiders attacked objectives in scat
tered sections of Scotland and Wales
and hit at almost every part of
England.
Two towns in the industrially i'm
portant Midlands we're bombed
For one it was the first raid of the
war.
Seven towns in Northwestern
England-less often bombed than
the south and east coasts-were at
tackled. At one of them workers
still dug through wrackage and
rubble today to rescue the trapped
and extricate the dead from a num-
Der Of homes in working class resi-
Dental district. Heavy caliber
bombs shoWered the district in one
of three separate attacks from dusk
to dawn.
Big Attacks on Reich.
Authoritative sources, meanwhile
reported continued r. A. F. raids on
the invasion ports" along the Ger
man-held coast, and said other
flights of bombers had attacked
across the German frontier, striking
al communications lines.
The operations against the Ger
man bases along the coast were
described again as large scale at
tackS.
Homes in London and its suburbs,
and business and industrial build
ings in the capital were reported
damaged by bombs. There were
some casualties-their number not
disclosed.
In areas apart from London casu-
altieS were described officially as
small. Bombs were reported to have
fallen in South Lancashire. Midland
towns, parts of Southwestern Eng
land, and several districts between
London and the south coast
Evening star., 1940-09-28

that met in London in 1888 to agree
upon international measures that
would serve satisfactorily the press
ingS needs of ALL" Mr.. Welles said.
But the United States during the
succeeding years assumed the lead
ership in trying to make effective
the purpose which the 1888 confer
ence had been summoned to
achieve"
Haste in Aiming Urged.
Mr.. Welles declared the Govern
ment must continue in the future.
as it has in the past. to prepare for
all eventualities" and to arm with
all haste and vigor to guard our
New World from threatened danger" &"
At the same time, he said. the Ma
ton must be ready, when the time
comes, to aid in the construction of
that kind of world peace based on
justice and on law through which
alone can our security be fully guar
anteed."
In discussing United States policy
in the Far East. Mr.. Welles said
that 1t in no way differed from the
policies Of this country in relation
to other regions of the world"
1T is true. of course" he added.
that the problems which have
arisen in our relations with the
countries of the Far East have had
certain peculiarities because of the
earlier rights of territorial
jurisdiction accorded to the nation
ais of Occidental powers. along with
various other special proceedings
adopted with special reference to
special situations. but as situations
have changed the United States has
by the process of negotiation and
agreement voluntarily assented to
the alteration and removal of these
special features.
Common Interests in Far East.
From time to time the nations
directly interested in the Far East
have entered into treaties and inter-
national agreements which have
created a network of common in
terests, as we'll as common RESPONSE
bilities and obligations. '-'
"On April Is Of this year, as a
result Of developments in the Euro
pean war, the Foreign Minister of
Japan. in public statement, as
serted that Japan desired the MAIN
tenance Of the status quo Of the
Netherlands East Indies On April
II the Secretary of State made a
statement on behalf of the United
States expressing the belief of this
Government that the best interests
of all nations called for mainten-
ance of the status quo in the entire
Pacific area. On repeated occas-
ions since then official spokesmen for
the japanese government have re-
Evening star., 1940-09-28

A pretty, blond girl amnesia vic
tim found in a dazed condition in
the 5000 block of Fifth street NV.
last night was identified by police
today as Miss Shirley McNair. IS,
of 81 Grant avenue, Takoma Park,
Nd.
Identification was made through
written memorandum found in
her purse giving the name Mrs. H.
A. Rourke and an address in Pasca-
goula, Miss. Mrs. Rourke proved
to be the girls grandmother and
the Josie whose name the girl
kept repeating.
Miss McNair and her mother, Mrs
Grace Thomas, recently had been
visiting Mrs. Rourke in Pascagoula
and Miss McNair during the last
few days had been staying with an
older sister whom police believe
lived near Takoma Park
At Gallinger Hospital this morn
ing the girl still could not tell
Evening star., 1940-09-28
Airport
Continued From First Page.)

from the grandStand at $50 pm,
Following the departure of the Presi-
dent and his party and minutes
later traf1ic will be permitted to
move away from the airport and
adjacent highways.
Details of the air demonstration
accompanying the ground cere-
monies have not yet been disclosed
and are being arranged as the one
rsurprise" feature of the program,
Civil Aeronautics Board officials
said
The area Immediately behind the
terminal building, adjoining the
stand. will be open to spectators, in
addition to the high ground along
the flying field and the area around
the great traffic circle which will
form the future entrance to the
terminal.
The terminal building. longer
than either the Capitol or Union
Station, and all essential airport
eervice features will be completed
by December II, the 37th anniver-
eary Of the first flight of the Wright
brothers at Kittyhawk, N. C. On
that day the airport will be put
In service with ceremonies "of ma
tional and international scope" Col
Sumpter Smith, chairman of the In
terdepartmental Engineering CON-
mission, under whose supervision the
airport is being constructed, has an
nounced.
Blind Landing Systems.
At least two of the four jor run
ways are to be equipped with blind
landing systems and all of them
are long enough and broad enough
Ito take care Of any known develop
ment possible in transport planes
size or speed" it was announced. At
4 later date, if needed. these run
ways can be paralleled to provide
for increased trafic.
TT is safe to say that no other
metropolitan city in the world will
enjoy such flying facilities within
81 miles, or 10 minutes drive, of
its principle downtown ofiice and
hotel section" COL Smith said. 1T
is certainly true that no other large
airport in the world is set in such
park-like surroundings and almost
in the shadow of such monumental
buildings as the Capitol, the WASH
ington Monument, the Jefferson
Memorial and the classic Govern
ment buildings along Constitution
avenue"
Evening star., 1940-09-28
London
Continued From First Page)

don alone yesterday. One great
wave of raiders seen trying to smash
through the Kent coast defense ap-
parently included 300 bombers and
an escort of nearly 500 fighting
Messerschmitts.
Twice in the early hours this
morning raiders penetrated to the
center of the repeatedly bombed
capital.
They were met by anti-aircraft
barrages described as the heaviest
yet fired in London's determined
defense. At least one bomber was
smashed by the shell bursts over the
city. Others, caught momentarily in
searchlight beams. seemed damaged
by the thunderous fire that at
times drowned out the sound of
exploding bombs.
Fires Are Set in London.
Some heavy explosives smashed
again into the heart of London, set
ting a number of fires. These and
the flash of explosives, Lit Southeast
London as bright as day for a short
time.
Large squads of firemen and VOL
unteers were credited with extin-
gushing most of the fires within half
an hour The firemen worked with
shrapnel Gathering into the streets
and on rooftops around them.
Residents of one London section
said they heard a roar of motors
during the height Of the attack
which seemed to indicate that one
German bomber had dived below
Evening star., 1940-09-28
7 reoty
Continued From First PaRe.)

gether. They called attention to
Foreign Minister Joachim Won Rib
bentrop's reference yesterday fore
shadowing closer Japanese-Russian
relations.
Political quarters for some time
have been discussing reports that
the United States is negotiating for
use Of the British base at Singapore
in exchange for heavy, long range
bombing planes with which Britain
might extend her raids on the Reich.
In this connection. the question
was raised whether Japan would re-
gard Singapore-with its position
commanding French Indo-C China,
latest sphere Of Japanese activity
as part Of her "Lebensraum" diving
space.
japanese Given Free Hand
Apparently Japan is left free to
determine Just how far any outside
nation might go without infringing
her interests in the East.
The nearest approach in a public
discussion to this aspect of how the
pact might work was the Morgen-
posts comment:
In the Far East England no
longer has the possibility to in
fluence affairs which belong en-
tirely in the sphere of interests of
other people"
Another question stirring specu-
lation was whether Soviet Russia
had been informed in advance of
the pact. Many German commen-
tators insisted that Russia had been
told Of all diplomatic steps preced-
ing The alliance. but there was no
Official confirmation.
"a German radio broadcast
heard in New York and based
on today's Foreign Once press
conference at Berlin indicated
the spokesman hedged on the
question Of whether Soviet Rus
sia had been advised in advance
of the signing of the Rome
Berlin-Tokio pact. The broad
cast. in part:
c'When asked whether the
Soviet Union was previously in
formed of the pact between the
axis powers and Japan, the
spokesman at the German For
eign ONCE declared that the
friendly relations existing be-
tween Germany and the Soviet
Union had been taken fully
into consideration when the axis
powers concluded their pact with
Japan.D
The treaty states specifically that
the political status which exists
now" between each Of the con-
tracing powers and the Soviet
Union is not affected.
There are only two large neu-
trails. the United States and Russia"
one commentator said. Russia
won't fight against the axis because
she is we'll satisfied with the fruits
of her non-aggression pact with
Germany.
British Fate Declared Sealed.
THAT leaves only the United
States which could make such q
pact as this necessary. and in the
case Of America, it IS war agitators
within that country against whom
1t is necessary to construct a far
seeing protective alliance"
The inspired German press de-
clared the treaty seals the fate Of
Great Britain and provides an al
most 100 per- cent guaranty that
Evening star., 1940-09-28

who she is. To most questions,
she answered Josie At inter-
walls she would volunteer Il want
Josie"
When found last night, Miss Nc
Nair's only possessions besides cloth
ing were a nickel and a needle.
She is feet inches tall and
weighs los pounds. When found
she was wearing a red wool dress. a
white waist. brown coat, brown
stockings and black shoes.
She was taken to Walter Reed
Hospital by residents of the 5000
block of Fifth street NV, who
said she had tainted on the
sidewalk. The girl was examined
by hospital physicians who said she
bore no bruises or scars and appar-
emily was suffering from amnesia.
She was transferred to Gallinger
Hospital after the Woman's Bureau
took her on a tour of the vicinity
in which she was found in a vain
attempt to bring back her memory.
Evening star., 1940-09-28
U.S.. Mediation Asked
To Prevent Possible
Bethlehem Strike
Gox Lehman Urges Action
By Secretary Perkins;
Union PorIey Set
" the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
BUFFALO, N. Y, Sept. 2s-Gov.
ernment Intervention to prevent q
possible general strike of Bethlehem
Steel Corp. employees, which would
tie up more than $500 900 900 in ma
tional defense orders, was consid-
cred likely today as union officials
planned q conference to decide what
action should be taken.
Philip Murray, chairman OF the
C. I. O.'s Steel Workers Organizing
Committee, said in Washington S,
w. o. C. field officials would meet
in Pittsburgh Wednesday and
Thursday to consider every single,
solitary phase Of the situation
Meanwhile, at Buffalo, Smile Cha
tax, S. w. o. C. organizer, reported
the situation at Bethlehem's Lack
awanna plant was tense" adding
that union officials were beirg
pressed to the limit to prevent a
strike
Mr.. Chatak said Gov. Herbert H.
Lehman of New York. in reply to a
letter. revealed he had requested
Secretary of Labor Perkins to send
a Government mediator to the
Lackawanna plant.
Mr. Murray told a press confer
ence yesterday that C. I. O.'s chief
complaint against the Bethlehem
management was that the 6217 cent
minimum hourly wage set up for the
steel industry by the United States
Public Contracts Board had not
been put into effect by Bethlehem
as basic wage rate.
He said the Pittsburgh conference
would include consideration Of the
current c. I. o. strike Of ship
building workers at Bethlehem's
Sparrows Point Md plant and the
threatened strike at Lackawanna.
Evening star., 1940-09-28
Egyptions Confident
Britain Will Conquer

CAIRO, Egypt, Sept. 2S (R.-The
newspaper AL Azima said today
Egypt has not declared war on Italy
whose troops have driven 60-mile
spearhead into her western desert.
because the Overwhelming supe-
riority of the allied tBritish) forces
over the invaders leaves no doubt
as to the result
Discussing the same subject. the
newspaper Messawar said military
experts believe that. by not declar-
ing war until Egyptian objectives
are attacked. Egypt would be more
fully prepared to take a full share
of the war burden when the time
came.
Evening star., 1940-09-28

iterated their desire for the main-
tenance Of the present status Of the
Netherlands East Indies. and have
further specifically declared that this
policy applied not only to the Meth
erlands East Indies. but to French
Indo-C China as we'll Nevertheless.
and Notwithstanding these oficial
declarations. We are all familiar
with the events of the past week
which have eliminated in measures
undertaken by the Japanese military
forces which threaten the integrity
of the French colony"
Evening star., 1940-09-28
Aae Regulation Unified

RICHMOND. Sept. % (P,.-In an
effort to establish uniform practice
throughout Virginia. the State Board
Of Education adopted a regulation
yesterday providing that children
must be years Of age before Sep
tember in order to come under the
States permissive attendance Law.
Evening star., 1940-09-28
slightly warmer.

slowly eastward over the Rocky Mountain
and scuhern Pa,eaT nssons asnd Suns
and extends thsnse
and over Southern Florida and the Southern
west Of Havana, Cuba. 1,O0e.1 millibars
.astesouthesst ssS eae Of | Jaetsonyilie. Fla. ooas
millibars C2a.s2 inchesl. Pressure re-
mains high almost aenerally over the east
Middle Atlantic and North Atlantic Coast
eastward over the ocean and pressure is
sT .na 1ad m
1yes H'eas.s an %ii1baTs 'soss inches. and North
nehe nsfe wsan Showers h.v. oeeurned Hsi in
tions Of the South Atlantic States and New
Mexico and over northern sections west
" a siisht s % rise in temper.ture almost gen
orally east Of the Rocky Mountains. but
the weather is stiil unssaSonsbly cool over
temperature has fallen In the Plateau re-
gion and Southern California.
Weekly Outlook
weather forecast from September as to
o =, %isdle Asisntie st.t...7pistrif, t.. Of . Co.
Maryland, Eastern Pennsylvania and New
York :,.r.u- ,.,, ,,,u .h,n, w.dn.,d.,
when iirht i to mt moderate crate showers are likely.
Slowly rising temperatures Saturday and
Sunday. Slightly cooler in Northern New
York and Central New York Sunday. Tenn
perature below normal until Sunday and
somewhat above normal Monday to
Wednesday except near normal in North
Ohio valley-Kentucky, Indiana. Ohio.
West Virginia, western Pennsylvania, and
Generally fair until Tuesday or wednes-
day when there will be showers. mostly
light to moderate. elovy rising tempera-
lures Saturday and Sunday and temper
ature above normal. Sunday until Wednes-
day when weather will become poorer.
Evening star., 1940-09-28
Cordenos Says AImozon
Nav Return to Mexico
nv the As,ocjated Press

BY the Associated Press.
CHIHUAHUA, Mexico. Sept. 28.-
President Cardenas declared today
that Juan Andrea Almazan, whom
the administration has declared de-
feated for President, may return to
Mexico from the United States with
an assurance of full guarantees"
Evening star., 1940-09-28
Weather Report
FURNISHED BY the

Furnish
quite COOL with lowest temper
atre slightly gentle
winds
cool In the interior
Coast tonight and tomorrow
Vgna-Fa and quite cool tonight tomorrow fair and
Evening star., 1940-09-28
Congress in Brief
TO-DAY,

Senate:
In recess.
Appropriations Committee works
on s267, ,000, 900 deficiency appropria-
ton for civil functions.
Senate House tax confereeS con-
tinue study Of excess profits levy.
House:
In receSS
Evening star., 1940-09-28

MONTHLY precipitation IN inches IN the
Capital (current month to date):