davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-12-21
DON'T WORRY ABOUT BLOOD
 PRESSURE

DON'T WORRY ABOUT BLOOD
 PRESSURE
 Fortnight ago or Doc Brady, who has endured in silence low blood pressure ever since the blood pres sure measuring stunt became a part of the physical examination, aired in this column the concept (not his own, though he cordially embraces it) that low blood pressure Is after all the ideal blood pressure level. This view of the matter, coming from 8 physician of the calibre of Dr. s. c. Robinson of Chicago, seemed to gratify the doddering con- ductor of this column no end, and he expressed the wish that some one might discover and announce in a contribution to some authoritative medical journal that one -earedness is ideal, too.
 Tn a series of 1O,88S persons rep resentative of an urban group the systolic blood pressure was below the level generally regarded as mini mum in 25 per cent, and the dias- tolic pressure in S4 per cent. pr. Robinson finds that age is 8 negli- gible factor in low systolic pres sure in men up to the age of seventy or so.
 Young wolnn more frequntly have low blood pressure than do young men.
 Low blood pressure is commonest in persons of slender build, two or three times as common in light weight as in heavy weight men and women. Don't let this bother you if you happen to be a light weight person. Remember that that's the way the life insurance companies like 'em, because in their experience light weight policy holders outlive the heavy weight ones and hence are more profitable risks for the companies to carry.
 Symptoms usually ascribed to hy- potension Glow blood pressure), Dr. Robinson observed, are in reality commoner among persons with high blood pressure.
 And that reminds me, there is a
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-12-21
Glorityimg Yourself
By ALICIA HART

is picture of smartness you may be perfectly sure that she does not dress hurriedly. The girl who brags that she can take a shower, put on makeup, comb her hair and dress ir fifteen minutes usually looks it wher she gets through, s.i8 N 1s fs 4 It takes a little extra time to pat on after-bath cologne, massage softening lotion into elbows and arms and apply deodorant or anti perspirant. The perfectly groomed woman is willing to spend this small extra amount of time after her daily bath. A GOOD JOB
 TAKES TIME
 Few and far between are those who can hurriedly slap on founda- tion film, cream rouge and powder so that the skin has dull, smooth mat finish and the cheeks nat ural looking, rosy glow. Even after a makeup lesson, the majority need several minutes for skillful appiica- tion of cosmetics.
 And the smart ones among this majority have learned to budget their time to allow these extra minutes. You know it when you see them.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-12-21
Of Interest To Women

Have yon . household problem to solve? Write your question clearly. sign your name and ad dress, enclose . three cent pssstage stamp and mail to The WOman's Editor. Washington Service BU- reau, The Democrat 1913 l3tn Street. Washington, D. C.. for personal reply.
 o. How can I remove a wax crayon mark from wallpaper?
 A. Scrape of as much of the wax as possible and apply paste of cornstarch and carbon tetrachloride and when it is dry, brush it of.
 e. Are oleanders poinsonous?
 A. The stems, leaves and flowers are poisonous to man and livestock, if eaten.
 e. What kind of milk is used to make Roquefort cheese?
 A. Ewes milk.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-12-21

It seems that one of Uncle s Sam's official nieces - 8 host ess at Camp Shell by obligingly offered to get dates for any m a rried soldiers who vented them. At least that is the story the wives heard. And so the wives went up in arms.
 But the hostess proposal was
 -..-x . -. z. ... . a T I.~
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-12-21
Year End Food Problems

Wind up the year right! Prepare for those New Years parties. Watch for the help full suggestions by Mrs. Gaynor Maddox, NEA Waterbury Dem- ocrat food expert, to appear in a special series of columns for the week of Dec. 23-28. This series will include special fea- lures to mark the end of 1940. Here is what you may expect:
 M0nday-New Years Eve buffet.
 Tuesday = Decorations for New Years Eve parties.
 Thursday-Open House New Years Day.
 Friday = The HOmemaker'S share in the national defense program.
 Saturday - The 10 best cOOkbOOks of 194O.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-12-21
BY RUTH MILLETT

It seems that women are patriotic up to point. That point is where another woman steps into the picture.
 There has been little mis- understanding between Uncle Sam and the wives of some of the Ohio men at Camp Shelby in Mississippi.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-12-21

a Major General just in time to keep the wives from going to war with Uncle Sam.
 One woman living near the camp, where she could keep an eye on her husband, expressed the sentiments of all the wives of soldiers at Camp Shelby. Nobody had better get a
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-12-21

round. West should win and lead a heart. knocking out the third trump in dummy and killing the club suit, as East would still have one trump. Nor could ueciarer save his small club after dropping East's queen; since then East would get 8 club rlff, when West got in with the ace cf trump.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-12-21
McKENNEY
 ON BRIDGE
BY WM. E. MCKINNEY
Americas Card Authorit

From Indianapolis we drove to Columbus, O.. and had the pleas ure of playing with Dr. Louis Mark in a duplicate game conducted by w. A. Klulk, who manages the East End Duplicate Club in Columbus.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-12-21
HO1C To Keeb Well

Ss.sss letter. asaA hysn stsaDse enveISDe e sneesea Ls shsg1a % h written n ink Owing o the number f lette1 received column
The Waterbury Democrat., 1940-12-21
MONDAY's MENU

BREAKFAST: Tanger1neS, oat- meal griddle cakes, syrup, coffee, milk.
 LUNCHEON: Corned beef hash. pickled beets, rolls, sliced oranges and bananas, cookies, tea, milk.
 CHRISTMAS DINNER: Cream of kale soup, roast stuffed siaoul- der of pork, apple sauce, candied sweet potatoes, baked hubbard squash. romaine and Chinese cah- cage salad. French dressing, Mtncemeat tartiets, hints, coffee, milk.
Evening star., 1940-05-10
Mock War Leaders
Amazed al Speed
Of Red Army
Troops Press On
As Enemy Blues
Seek to Form Defense
NJ the Aasoeia tad prass

~ the Associated Press.
LEESvnLE, La, May 10.-StiN
amazed ut the speed Of their own
divisions, commanders of the Red
Army OF Texas sought today to drive
an irresistible wedge toward Alex
andria, La, In mock war games.
The immediate problem was to
push Is near the city rs possible
before the enemy Blues could gather
up their slowly forming forces for
the organization of a defense line.
Once the Blues of Louisiana-the
9TH Corps - present their full
strength Of $1,000 men, probably
within SO hours. the battle will be
converted into q dog fight.
The Red Arn1y-the 9Th Corps
totaling $4,000 troops, sped its COM
batants across the Sabine River,
the boundary line, at dawn yester-
day.
With dazzling speed the first cav
airy division moved toward Lees
vile, on straight line for Alex
andria, and reached the town. IS
miles away, In little more than a
couple of hours.
But the days greatest feat was
that performed by a special unit of
the second division, commanded by
Brig. Gen. Joseph w. Stilwell. The
World War veteran drove his 5000
men, including infantry and field
artillery regiments, 10 miles by mid
afternoon. They advanced as far as
Natchitoches but were forced to
withdraw Is miles to near Robeline.
Future action was not expected to
be 30 precipitate.
Besides, the Army planned this
little affair to last until May IS, and
that's how long 1t will last.
Evening star., 1940-05-10
Handsome Umbrellas

Imported royon GIorios. All silks, block
ond-white combinations, navy, brown,
green. Motched hondIes and ferruies, 800
Umbrellas-Street Floor
Evening star., 1940-05-10
Leisurette Slippers

Match them to her housscoot. Sotins,
kidskins or royons. Block, royal, wine, pas
Slipper Shop-Seoond Floor
Evening star., 1940-05-10
Frilly Neckwear

Blossom eoIored postsIs and snowy white.
Soft, smart ''V' line and close fitting col
lars. Cotton piques and ereondies- 90
Neckspem-Street Floor
Evening star., 1940-05-10
Salad Bowl Set

Gloss bowl, spoon and fork. The bowl is
packed 10 the brim with jen Of de-
lieious jelly ------------1.20
Chocolates for Nothsr's Doy --1.6O 10 100
Candy Dspt.-Street Floor
Evening star., 1940-05-10
Clever Hanky Basket
stCOnfetti'' Perfume

This is only peek At the delightful 81
throughout the store! Don't forget to get o
tomorrow your last opportunity bete
Mothers Day.
Evening star., 1940-12-08
Anglo Chinese Alliance
Talks Reported Pending
BY the Associated Press.

SHANGHAI, Dec. Japanese
local press reports today said nego-
tiations are pending In Chungking
for q secret Anglc-Chinese military
alliance"
The papers credited reliable
Chinese sources for their informa-
tion and said the negotiations were
between Generalissimo Chang Kai-
shek and Sir Archibald J. K. Clark
Kerr. the British Ambassador to
China.
According to these reports, the
provisions of the alliance are:
l. Britain will assist China In
transporting war material and other
goods from India, Burma and Sing
apore to China.
2. Aircraft assembly plants will
be established in India. Burma and
Singapore to supply Chungking with
aircraft
3. Chinese Southseas natives in
British possessions will be induced
to support Anglo-Chinese co-opera-
zion.
4. All land and air forces under
Chiangs command will be under
the command of Sir Robert Brooke
Popham, commander in chief of the
British Far Eastern forces at Sing
apore, in the event Britain declares
war against Japan.
Evening star., 1940-12-08
Nazi Colonial Empire
Program Is Pressed
BY German Leaders
Engineers Told They
Must Have Preparations
Complete by End Of War
BY DAVID M. NICHOL,

Chicago Daily News Foreisn Correspondent.
BERLIN, Dec. 7.-Nazi leaders, II
the accounts Of the German news
papers for the last week are any
indication, are attacking the prob
lens of colonial empire with the
same thoroughness they have ap-
piled to other situations-a thor
oughness which much of the world
has underestimated, at least until
recently.
The most enlightening items con-
Germ the meeting Of the Association
of German Engineers in Stuttgart,
where for two days the men who
have been working the industrial
miracles OF the Third Reich devoted
their efforts to "the tasks confront
ing German technology in the re-
organization Of colonial possessions"
There were some generalizations,
but there also was plenty Of hard
boiled detailed talk about fuel,
farming, geology. timber utilization,
the characteristics of the future
German colonists and the multitude
of other problems that one acquires
with a modern empire. They were
told, too, according to the accounts,
that they must start now and have
their industrial preparations COM
pleted for that indefinite day latter
the war" to which the Nazis look
forward so confidently.
Power One of Problems.
Adequate power for the fullest
exploitation of any such colonies is,
OF course, one Of the problems. But
the engineers were told, for ex-
ample. that German technicians now
have developed a practical solar ma
chine. An article in the Zwoelf Uhr
Blatt says the new device makes use
of the heat-retaining properties Of
oil, which is exposed to the tropical
sun under focusing mirrors. The
heated oil is then used to generate
steam.
Experiments are also under way,
1t was reported, with boilers using
sugar cane. rice, straw and similar
agricultural residues. The possi-
bilities OF wood were explored and
the engineers were told that Africa
offers some 900 varieties, contrasted
to the 20 or 30 in Germany, and that
each must be used TO the fullest,
not only as fuel but in other ways.
There were even reports of the pos
sibility of ships fueled by wood.
Windmill generators and heavy
storage batteries capable Of deliv-
ering 1000 ampere hours are also
being developed, it was reported.
Agricultural manufacturers were
told that they must produce farm
machinery simple enough to be op-
Grated by native populations. Gables
and motors must be designed to
protect them from tropical condi-
tions. Automobiles must be de-
veloped for the rugged demand of
colonial service. it was indicated
Expansion Of both rail and motor
roads will be studied.
Necessary to Pave Way.
The chief party spokesman at the
meeting was Gen. Ritter Won Epp
from the Nazi colonial political
office. Summarizing his talk, the
Frankfurter Zeitung says:
TT is necessary to prepare the way
today, as far as possible, for the
creation Of new colonial empire
Evening star., 1940-12-08
Daily transatlantic
Flights 10 Be Started
In Spring, Trippe Says
Pan-Americun Head
Also Reveals Extension
Of Service to Singapore
b the Associated Press.

MONTCLAIR, N. j., Dec. T.
Juan T. Trippe, president Of Pan
American Airways. Inc, said tonight
that his company would inaugurate
daily non stop trans - Atlantic
flights on overnight schedules" next
spring when airships larger than
the present Clippers have been COM
pleted.
Next summer, he continued. Pan
American would begin daily flights
to every important city in Latin
America" as part of a long-range
program aimed at hemisphere
solidarity" Ultimately, he promised,
the flying time between New York
and Buenos Aires would be cut by
"a hours.
He spoke at the goth annual party
Of the Montclair Yale Club In Nick
Roberts old Yale barn. Mr.. Trippe
was awarded the silver bowl given
annually to the Yale alumnus who
has made his ~ in life" He was
member of the class of 1920.
Mr.. Trippe predicted that the
side which maintained control of
the air" would win the war in Eu-
rope and said a German victory
would prove a challenge to the
hard-won leadership dn commercial
aviation now held by this country"
"A victorious Germany is
certain to bring about tremendous
eXDanded NaVi air commerce" he
said.
Mr.. Trippe also announced that
Pan American would extend its fly
ing service to Singapore this month.
He added that for very important"
reasons he could not disclose the
purpose of this extension.
He forecast that in the future
40 to 50-passenger craft" would
make nonstop flights across the
land at speeds so per cent higher
than those Of today.
Evening star., 1940-12-08

ties extend its Investigations into
Florida.
Mr.. Thomas, a member of the
Dies committee, declined to di-
vulge the nature of his information.
He assailed Attorney General Jack
son and said he believed President
Roosevelt should oust Mr.. Jackson
and appoint Martin Dies in his
place"
In Florida as a member of joint
committee investigating Mediter-
ranean fruit fly damage claims, Mr.
Thomas blamed the Department OF
Agriculture for losses suffered by
growers during a campaign to eradi-
cate the fly.
Evening star., 1940-12-08
Dies Says President
Wants Him 10 Heal
Rift With jackson
Understood Formula
For Cooperation Found
After He Left Capital
By the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
NASHVILLE, Tenn. Dec. T.
Representative Dies, Democrat, Of
Texas replied today to Attor-
ney General Jackson's assertion that
no agreement has been made" for
cooperation between the Depart
ment of Justice and the Dies Com
mittee Investigating Un-American
Activities.
Mr.. Jackson in Washington OBJ
jected to what he said was the
Texans statement here yesterday
that formula for cooperation had
been reached. No agreement had
been made" Mr. Jackson added.
Stopping here during a speaking
trip, Mr. Dies issued statement ex-
planning his reference to an agree
ment.
AT the suggestion of the Presi-
dent I was to confer with Mr.. Jack
son for the purpose of agreeing on
some form of cooperation to elm.
mate future friction or misunder-
standing between my committee and
the Department of Justice, he said.
''In view of Mr.. Jackson's personal
dislike for me, growing out of revela-
tions of our committee, I thought
that it would be advisable to dele
gate Representative Voorhis of Cali
fornia, member of the committee,
to confer with Mr.. Jackson"
Mr.. Dies said he was informed
by news dispatches in papers here
and by telephone conversation with
the committee secretary in Wash
ington that AN agreement had been
reached"
Acting on this information
merely expressed qualification over
the prospects of cooperation be-
tween the committee and the De-
partment of Justice" Mr.. Dies state
ment said.
Evening star., 1940-12-08
Roosevelt Stays Close
To His Desk During Day
Py the Associated Press.

Py the Associated Press.
ABOARD THE U. S. S. MAYRANT
AT SEA, Oct. 7.-President Roose-
welt, proceeding on his Caribbean de-
tense inspection cruise, spent con-
siderable time today In his quarters
aboard the cruiser Tuscaloosa work.
ing on Official papers delivered yes
terday by two Navy planes from
Puerto Rico.
The Tuscaloosa, which had been
making % knots in smooth seas since
it contacted the planes yesterday,
slowed down last night to IS knots
while the President and his party
attended a smoker, which featured
deck movies. boxing by crew mem
bers, a drummer contest and music
by "hill-billy' band.
Evening star., 1940-12-08
Bridegroom, 90,
Is Too Nervous
To Kiss Bride
BY the Associated Press.


WEST BLOOMFIELD, N. Y, Dec.
7.-Ninety-year-old Adam Wreitz,
plucking nervously at his walrus
moustache. laid aside his corncob
pipe just long enough to become a
bridegroom in the soft glow of lamp
light in his 125-year-old farm house
tonight.
The 56-year-old bride, the former
Mrs. Nellie May Surline. stole a
glance at the old-fashioned cook
stove on which she was preparing
chicken for their wedding dinner
and then faced the minister to say
her nuptial VOWS.
The nonagenarian was so nervous,
his wife said, that he let the fire
die out In the kitchen stove an hour
or so before the ceremony.
He also forgot to kiss the bride.
Evening star., 1940-12-08
Republican Chairmen
In II States Called
To Chicago Farley
Porty's Greatest Strength
Lies in Midwest, Says
Illinois Chairman
,y the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
CHICAGO, Dec. 7.-Republican
chairmen Of II Mid-Western States
in which the party made strong
showings in the November election
were invited today to attend a con-
ference on mutual problems here
next Saturday and Sunday.
The invitations were extended by
Ben L. Berve, Illinois chairman, who
said:
THE last election shows clearly
that the greatest strength Of the
Republican Party lies in the Mid
West States. There are many ques-
tions of vital importance which
should be discussed with view Of
launching a drive for victory In the
next election"
Mr.. Berve said the conference had
been urged by party leaders in
several States He sent invitations
to Arch N. Bobbitt of Indiana, Harry
Swan of Iowa, Walter S. Fees of
Kansas, Leslie B. Butler of Michi-
gan, DR.. R. C. Radabaugh of Min
nesota, DR.. S. D. Redmond Of Mis-
souri,, Kenneth Wherry Of Nebraska;
Thomas Whalen of North Dakota.
E. D. Shorr of Ohio, Glenn w.
Martens of South Dakota and DR..
F. L. Gullickson of Wisconsin.
Evening star., 1940-12-08
Dies Committee Member
Wants Probe in Florida

DAYTONA BEACH, Fla, Dec. 7
P).-Representative Parnell Thomas,
Republican, of New Jersey de-
tanned information which made it
almost imperative" that the Dies
Committee on Un-American Activi-
Evening star., 1940-12-08
Export Lines Sells
Freiqhter ExcelIo
By the Associated Press.

by tIlt NSSUCI dItu IIeb6s
NEW YORK, Dec. 7.-American
Export Lines announced today the
sale of the 4,99o-ton freighter Ex-
cello to the States Marine Corp
for an undisclosed price.
The name Excello is being trans
ferred to the old Examiner, which
name in turn has been assigned to a
new ship of the Exporter type
launched recently at Quincy, Mass,
for service to India.
Evening star., 1940-12-08
PIT. A. Holds Dance Friday

The Parent Teacher Association
of the Riverdale MD School will
give dance in the school on Fri
day from 9 to u pm. There will
be jitterbug and waltz contests.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1940-12-14

Christmas Comes" directed by
Miss Portia Miller and Mrs. z.
n. Whitaker.
A mixed chorus directed by Miss
Gwen Haggerty will sing a group
of Christmas carols.
Members of the vested choir are
Nadine ANDERSON. Doris Hays.
Mary Holman, Nancy Johnson.
jeanne Stacy, Geraldine Wheeler,
Marion Rock. Kathryn Mulligan.
Irene Palmer, Beverly Hill. Doris
johnson. Marie Lsndgrebe. Helen
Lien, Gladys Mikelioh. Beverly
Nelson. Evelyn Patton. Barbara
Barwick. Doris Jean Edwards, Eva
Coble. Faye Hayne. Dolores Mick
elson. Nadine Nicholson. Bonnie
Philes. Lillian Smith.
Dale Anderson, Ronald Doersam.
Reggie Hasenbslg. Victor Hors,
Lyle Hurley. Bobby Landgrebe.
Paul Larson. Robert Mackey. Joe
Mscaluso. Galen Nusbaum. Rich
ard Ringus. Jim Runyon. Dan
Peterson. Eddie Balmer. Kenneth
Cox. Gale Holman. De Forest Lam
way. Eddie Logan. Charles Elson.
James Andreasen. Joe Andreasen.
Patrick Boyle, Norman Chard.
Louis Drake. Tommy Cannon,
Grant Hrlow. Frank Hora, Gerald
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1940-12-14

Larson, Horace Logan. Buddy Nc
Dewitt, William Runyon. Buddy
Walker, Roger Peterson. Russell
Crask, Ellis Heindselman. Lloyd
Landgrebe, Dick Ogburn. Hoyt
Wheeler. Walter Enhart. Garnet
Lund.
Participating in the operetta
are Paul Tomchick, grandfather;
Barbara Otteson. grandmother;
Albert Blades, Mr.. Pipkin; Bar
bara Bibby. reader: Rosemary
Mulligan. Mary; Eddie Bennes.
gingerbread man: Borden Dow,
King Herod; Indy Andressen.
Jack Salter, Dick Most. wise men:
Fred Huggler. Chester Wainhouse,
Orville Nicholson, shepherds: Ed
wiz Parker, scribe: Bonnie Hill,
angel; VIII Balmer and Jack
Crask. guards: Wesley Hssen-
balg, Joseph; Geraldine McFar-
land. Marion Andreasen, Nadine
Pulley. Vivian Canes. Virginia
Peters, jeanne Larson. Marjorie
Bergman, Virginia johnson. Ellen
Churchill. Fern Hasenbalg. singers;
Romsyn Philes. Gordon Anderson.
musicians; Ruth Goble, Marjorie
johnson, Donna Lsnway. Ruth
Patton. Marjorie Bibby. Roberta
Patton, Berry, Hultsch. Shirley
Larson. packages; Joy Miller,
Cathren Miller. Florence Andrea
sen. Alice Bergman. Glenna Hasen-
balg. Betty Lsndgrebe. Jerry Han
sen, Alice Steadman, James
Chard. school children.
The chorus personnel: Dorothy
Tokarczyk. Billy McDevi;t. June
Barwick. Donald Boyle. Paul Gar
rison. Roy Cox, Norman Kleiva,
Emma Rotz. Frances Nicholson.
Dolores Wheeler. Roger whidden,
Joe Mulligsn, Walter Dow, Donald
Jacobsen. Patsy Mulligan, Clara
Steadman. Hazel Ridley, Van Nun
son. Fife Wheeler. James Lien.
Teddy Brodahl. Donald Hultsch.
Bernadine Logan. Dorothy Me-
Dewitt Wilma McDeyitt. Wilma
Hsyne, Myron Montgomery. La
mont Pulley. Mickey kingsbury.
John Wissen. Donald Balner.
DORIS Wheeler, Lila Hayne. Mary
I Ann Peterson.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1940-12-14
All-School Christmas Program at
Grant Has Spectacular Pageant

Grant school Christmas pro-
gram. with every student psrtioi-
pstinE. vii be given n the school
auditorium Friday afternoon. Dec.
20. - lis. The program has been
arranged and vii Be directed By
Mss Dorothy Gilmore. Grant
music director. assisted hy a COM
mittee n teachers Of which Ber-
tram Ayhre is chairman.
The first part OF the program
viii include the opening numbers
~ the orchestra-"America" and
Nazareth" carols By the pupils
Of Mrs. Wonsettler. Miss Egan and
Mrs. Lewis. first and second
grades. and a Christmas drill BY
third grade pupils Of Miss Jones
and Mrs. Rae.
The last half of the Christmas
program Is pageant presented
by departmental pupils. The
Christmas pageant Is a tradition
OF long standing at Grant. but this
year new features have been in
troduced. These are the scenes
representing "Annunciation to the
shepherds" "Msnger Scene" and
the Alteration Of the Shepherds
and the Mag"
Besides the choruses BY the pu-
pills Of Misses Olson, Fowler.
Christensen, Mrs. Gilmore and Mr..
Myhre. the music Of the pageant
includes several special ehoirs,
among them the boys and girls
choirs. the angelic choir and
vested choir. Members Of the vest
ed choir are Jscqueline Baker. Sue
Carol Bennett. June Berg. Joyce
Berglund. Bonnie Bowerman. Jean
Buonon. Alice Jay Edwards. Lorna
Flanders, Chsrlene Fellows. Helen
Einchman. Lillian Gamst, Joan