davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1940-05-12
yugosIavia Signs
Trade Pact With
Soviet Russia
Protocol Also Provides
For Representation by
Economic Missions
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press. .,f
MOSCOW, May 11.-Signaturs Of
q trade and navigation treaty BE-
tween the Soviet Union and Yugo-
slavia was announced tonight by
Tass, ofIicial Soviet news agency.
It said that under the agreement
total trade turnover between the
two countries for 1910 and I941
would amount to 17e, 900 900 dinars.
(The Yugoslav dinar has . nominal
exchange value Of about AZ cents,
but special conditions make accu-
rate translation of the amount i'm
possible.)
Tass reported that a supple
mentary protocol provided for So
Wet trade representation in Yugo-
slavia and a Yugoslav provisional
trade delegation in Russia.
It said Russia intended to import
from Yugoslavia copper, lead and
zinc ore concentrates, lard and
other commodities and to export
agricultural and other machinery,
kerosene, cotton and other goods.
1t was reported authoritatively In
Belgrade, Yugoslav capital, last
Thursday that Yugoslavia and Rus
sia had agreed to work at top speed
on plans for a far-reaching mill
tary and political cooperation
A Yugoslav military mission was
expected to leave for Moscow at the
end of the week, while the return
ing Yugoslav trade delegation was
expected to bring back definite So
Wet proposals Of a political nature.
While the Tass agency Thursday
night denied that Russia was re-
verting to the pan-Slav policy Of
czarist times, which it called re
dictionary" 1t did not deny that Rus
sia was interesting herself in South
eastern Europe's neutrality for other
reasons.
Ohicials and civilians in Belgrade
Joined in voicing hope that Rus
sian protection would be forth
coming quickly in the belief it would
shield them from trouble" with
either Italy or Germany.
Evening star., 1940-05-12
Puris
CONTINUED From First Page.)

duchy, other French cokiiers lasten-
ed their forced advance to block
temporarily the German march ON
Belgium which began yesterday. -
Along a 300 to 400 mile front from
the North Sea to east of the Moselle
River the day was crammed with
action-bombings, skirmishes and
attacks on both sides.
Allied forces moved swiftly to
consolidate their positions, French
military sources said, while Dutch
soldiers drew UP strong line along
the Ijssel River, where the German
advance was said to be halted at
present.
Both French and British planes
bombed at least five important Ger
man air bases and communication
centers, although their locations re-
manned officially undisclosed.
147 Civilians Dead.
Air raid alarms signaled the ap-
proach of German bombers over
various sections of France, including
Paris.
France counted her civilian dead
in two days Of air raids at 147
tonight. reports from various towns
swelling the first total of more than
100 persons killed.
The report indicated that air
fields, railway centers and stations
appeared to be the principal objects
Of the Nan air force.
Other reports said German planes
bombarded Reims, Epernay and
Chalons-sur-Marne in France but
results of the attacks were not given.
Oficial French reports said 80
more German planes had been shot
down in France and Belgium during
a day of intense aerial activity on
both sides. This brings the Maxi
plane losses in France and Belgium
alone during the first two days of
extended warfare to 80.
The German losses In Holland yes
terday were reported at more than
100 but were not known for today.
The French tonight joined the
British in q categorical denial Of q
German charge that allied planes
had bombed civilians in the Ger
man town of Freiburg.
"The claim could only have for
its purpose to lesitimatize in ad-
vance new bombardments Of French
cities" an authorized French spokes-
man said.
Evening star., 1940-05-12
Allies Drop Navicerts
On i. 5. Exports 10
Dutch and Be|eians
lmportont Market
For Form Products
Threatened by War
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
Great Britain and France yester.
day gave clearance through theil
contraband patrol to American ex.
ports destined for the Netherlands
and Belgium.
The British Embassy said tn.
allies would dispense with navicerts
on shipments to the Dutch and the
Belgians.
Navicerts are certificates, obtain.
able by shippers from British con.
sulates, which state that designated
exports are not contraband anc
therefore not subject to seizure by
the British contraband patrol.
Farm Market Threatened.
The British Embassy said navi.
certs still would be issued for ship.
ments to the Netherlands and Bel
gium II shippers desired them anc
that the navicerts would be ISSUED
promptly II ships involved were t<
call at neutral, As well As alliet
ports.
Meanwhile, Agriculture Depart.
ment officials said the extension ol
the war to the Netherlands anc
Belgium threatens-if the German
invasion assumes broad proper.
tions-an important market fol
American farm products and an i'm.
portant source of supply for the
United Kingdom.
Ranked High as Outlets.
In 1899 the Netherlands bought
approximately s39, 900 900 worth Of
agricultural products from this
country and Belgium about $27,.
600 900 worth. They constituted the
fourth and sixth most importan,
outlets for these comodities. The
Netherlands, in 1898, furnished
about 20 per cent of the United
Kingdoms total imports of eggs
and about 8 per cent of its imports
of butter and bacon.
Since the outbreak Of the wal
the two Low Countries have been
important markets for American
wheat, tobacco, soybeans and
raisins.
Evening star., 1940-05-12

GERMANS GAIN GROUND BEFORE ALLIED DEFENSES-
Hammerng the allies River sector
the German military machine gained ground yesterday
apparently with heavy map high spots
follows Germans landed troops Hague
Naz advanced into Holland Dutch stronger
lines Slcng through the Dutch appendix Lburg
ince Germans occupied Maasrch claimed capture
major fort at Lege and hammered the Malmedy
The German columns in Luxembourg reported halted
by allied troops division Nazis
the Maginot Line Srck apparent drive
the French renforcements there shaded
Holland flooded defense
Belgium defense Underlined
cities targets OF aerial attacks. "A. Wirephoo.
Evening star., 1940-05-12
Monday Club PIons Picnic

The annual picnic meeting of the
Monday Evening Club will be held
ut the Palisades playground, Sher-
rier street and Dana place NV,
at 4:30 pm. May 20. The program
includes baseball game captained
by Herbert l.. Willett. jr, director
of the Community Chest, and Robert
E. Bondy, director Of Public We'll
fare. Maj. Charles H. Dodd is
president.
Evening star., 1940-05-12
Siqmo Koppu Plans Teu

Fathers are invited, too, to the
Mothers Day tea which Beta Zeta
Chapter of Sigma Kappa sorority at
the University of Maryland will hold
from 4 pm. to s pm. today. The
newly installed sorority will enter
tain mothers and fathers of MEM
bers In the lounge of the Home
Economies Building on the campus.
Evening star., 1940-05-12

David Jones, aged IS, has retired
from the smithy, in Cenarth, Wales,
which had been In the family for
four generations.
Evening star., 1940-06-10
Mans Best Friend

The intelligence of animals is often
remarkable. Many dogs are able to
count up to ten, and some even know
the traffic rules.
One of the brightest in the canine
tribe is Dusty, mongrel of Belling-
ham, Washington, who mounts
guard beside the parked automobile
OF his owner, a storekeeper. At the
approach of deadly peril in the per-
son of a blue-clad human with a
silver shield and a pad of pink tickets,
Dusty rushes to the door and barks.
Out dashes the proprietor and drives
around the block If his luck is
good, he grabs the same place again
and is safe for another hour. Dusty
admits that for the present that is
the best he can do, but he insists
that his master has trace of intel
ligence hidden away somewhere and
that after few years of patient
effort he may be able to get him
educated to the point where he will
save much wear and tear on human
and canine nerves by putting his car
in parking lot.
Evening star., 1940-06-10

the outbreak of war with the United
States is certain and add the sug-
gestion that he should, on his own
initiative, invite Japan to immediate
adherence and at the same time
mediate between Japan and our
selves. Please call the Presidents
attention to the fact that the ruthless
employment Of our submarines now
offers the prospect Of compelling
England in a few months to make
peace"
OF course, the scheme was doomed
from the start. DR.. Zimmerman
should have guessed as much. He
gambled with no chance OF winning,
and his mistake cost Germany more
than she could afford to lose. The
United States, challenged by the pro-
posed plot and shocked by the U-boat
campaign. joined the Allies,
Looking back upon DR.. Zimmer-
mann's error, it may be wondered
if it was not symptomatic of a ma
tional fault in the character of the
German people-a romantic capacity
to create opposition adventurously.
Evening star., 1940-06-10
Are They Lost?

Lieutenant w. S. Finlayson has
been reported missing" in France.
He took part in the defense of Calais
and disappeared during the fighting
in that quarter last week. Perhaps
he has given his life for his country
and for the civilization to which it
belongs. If so, fiction may be said
to have become fact.
The explanation is that Lieutenant
Finlayson was an actor, known on
the stage as Wallace Douglas. He
played Raleigh in R. c. Sherriff's
wartime tragedy, Journeys End
one OF the truly great dramatic in
terpretations of the first World War.
Many Americans remember the story.
How could they forget it?
Straight from school in England,
"a well-built, healthy-lo looking boy of
about eighteen" wearing "a very new
uniform" arrives at C Company
Headquarters in a dugout on the
western front. He has wished to be
sent there, because he understands
that Captain Denis Stanhope, whom
he has known and silently wor-
SHIPPED at home, is in command.
But his friend has changed" The
He'll in which he has lived so long
has frightened him, hardened him,
hurt him beyond any cure.
Raleigh, however, is saved from
such injuries and torments. His last
utterance is: Il feel rotten lying
here-everybody else-up there"
The words sum up the instinct of a
decent and an honorable race: the
feeling that men had better perish
than submit to the willful destruction
OF the institutions, the traditions,
the sacred ideals of freedom which
they love.
Yet it should be asked: Are the
Raleighs, the Stanhopes, the Os-
bornes, the Trotters actually lost
when they sacrifice themselves? The
answer is another question: What
is death? Something in the human
soul suggests that seeming reality is
myth and the grandest myth" of
all the most magnificent reality.
Evening star., 1940-06-10
New Parole Plan

Material improvement In the Dis
trict parole system is in prospect as
the result of legislation which has
just received the approval of Con-
gress and which is now awaiting the
Presidents signature. The changes
are designed to bring about a greater
degree of uniformity between Dis
t1ict and Federal parole procedure,
and will result in increasing mini
mum sentences in this jurisdiction.
The lack of uniformity has been
the cause Of considerable confusion
IN the past. While Federal pris-
oner is not eligible for parole until
third of his sentence has been
served, District prisoner has been
required to serve only a fifth before
becoming eligible for parole. This
difference has created difficulty in
instances where District prisoners
were transferred to Federal institu-
tions, and vice versa. Under the pro-
posed law, District prisoners also
would serve third of their sentence
before seeking parole. Accordingly,
judges, in fixing penalties under the
indeterminate sentence law prevail
ing here, would be required to make
the minimum at least one-third of
the maximum.
1t is proposed also to relieve the
District Board of Indeterminate
Sentence and Parole of the ex-
pense of returning parole violators
to Washington for hearing when
they are apprehended in other juris-
dictions. The new law would per-
nit violator from the District to
be incarcerated in any Federal prison
designated by the Attorney General,
and the Federal Parole Board could
revoke the parole if justified
AS an incidental effect of the new
legislation, the local board would
control its own expenditures and
pay roll, instead of carrying person.
mel on the District reformatory roll
The legislation was recommended
by the District and Federal parole
boards, the Attorney General and
the District Commissioners. 1t would
strengthen the local board and rep
resents forward step in the admin
lStratlOn OF criminal Justice.
Evening star., 1940-06-10
PenoIizing Aliens

Congress, in passing the Districts
194l supply bill, included therein a
provision that none of the funds ap-
propriated should be used to pay the
compensation of any employe of the
District government who was not
citizen of the United States or who
had not, at the time the President
signs the bill, declared his intention
to become a citizen.
On top of this provision, the House
has passed bills, which have been
reported favorably by the Senate
District Committee, which would
prohibit the licensing of any dentist
or podiatrist who is not a citizen of
the United States or who had not,
prior to his application for a permit,
declared his intention to become a
citizen of the United States.
When person is employed at pub
lie expense on a Government pay roll,
it seems reasonable that the Con-
gress should require that the recip-
lent of Government compensation
must be a citizen of the United
States. That is one thing. There
is a precedent for such prescriptions
as to the public pay rolls, for Con-
gress some years ago adopted the
Sirovich bill barring aliens from
holding Federal Government jobs
long before the current war scare"
arose.
But whether the same principle
should be applied to persons in pri-
vate fields is a different question
1t is true that the pertinent clauses
in the new bills for the regulation of
dentistry and podiatry were under
consideration two or three years
ago-before the European War scare
developed There is no suggestion
that these clauses have anything
whatsoever to do with the American
preparedness or the domestic secur-
ity programs. On the contrary, they
were conceived as moves to raise
professional standards.
But even if the proposed pro-
scription against alien dentists and
podiatrists we're offered as war
measure there could be no justifi-
cation for penalizing aliens merely
because they are aliens There is
nothing in our present situation to
justify Congress in denying an alien
the right to earn livelihood in a
private profession, or in taking any
other punitive measures, unless 1t
can be shown that the alien in ques-
ton has in some way offended
against the United States.
Evening star., 1940-06-10
The Adjournment Issue

Suggestions that Congress should
clean up few items of pending busi-
ness and then adjourn fail to take
into account the critical problems
that may be posed for this country
during the next few months.
These problems, if they arise, will
call for immediate and drastic action
on our part. 1t is possible, for ex-
ample, that we may have to send
armed forces to threatened points in
Latin America. Should necessity for
such action develop, time will be of
vital Importance, and the delay
which would be involved in summon
ing Senators and Representatives
back to Washington from election
campaigns might we'll have seriously
prejudicial consequences.
An adjournment of Congress this
month could be justified only if the
legislators were willing to leave with
the President virtually unlimited au-
thority to deal with any situation
which might arise in a world which
Is changing so rapidly that we can
not possibly lay down any hard and
fast course of future action. At this
time, however, there is not the slight
est indication that Congress has any
Intention of delegating such power
to the President. That being the
case, the legislators, unless they pro-
pose to neglect the vital interests of
this country, have no choice but to
stay on the job, contenting them
selves with recesses during the two
national political conventions.
The desirability of keeping Con-
gress in session is subject to but one
qualification. Everything at this
time points to the conclusion that
the United States is confronted with
an emergency which will grow more
serious as each week passes. Ma
tional unity is of greatest Importance
at such a time, and the members of
Congress, while remaining in Wash
1ngton, should lend all possible sup
port to the administration emil
nently sound foreign policy, while
discouraging anything that savors of
narrow partisanship or mere OBJ
structionism.
Evening star., 1940-06-10
Hitler's Triumphs Limited
To Interest Of Troops.

To Interest Of Troops.
To the Editor Of The Star:
Hitler, as we read, has aims that reach
from Greenland's icy mountains to
India's coral strand" AS 1t looks, "No
pentup Utica can curb his powers"
Boosted the crusading warriors at Nico-
polls CAD. 1880: IF heaven itself should
drop down on us, why, the points Of our
spears would uphold it" (Gibbon. And
yet the Ottoman Turks overcame them.
While the Christians fought under many
flags and under divided counsels," the
Mahometan army operated under one
leader, and the green flag of the prophet
was their swastika.
On this count the decidedly abnormal
Hitler ought to win. But there are other
points. He, no doubt, Is fanatic of the
Peter the Hermit breed. Such can keep
1t up for quite awhile. But how about
his followers, the young Nazis"? These
are ordinarily normal human beings.
This spirit of death-defying exaltation
cannot last forever. Their present deeds
remind us of the early days of the French
Revolution, when the desperate sanscu-
lottes made the trained armies of Austria
and Prussia look silly.
For nine weary years Alexander the
Macedonian dragged his faithful Myr-
midons all the way from the Balkans to
the banks of the Indus. Not sated yet,
he had heard OF still other countries:
Tpangu (Japan). the isles Of the
Evening star., 1940-06-10
Rebuke to Looters

The United States, by moving to
prevent the sale here of any securi-
ties seized in Norway, Denmark,
Belgium, Holland and Luxembourg,
has, in effect, served notice that it
will not be an accomplice in the
looting of neutral nations by Ger
many.
If the Treasury's order for the
investigation of ownership of all Sc
curities imported into this country
for sale can be carried out effectively,
Germany will be denied the use of
American financial institutions for
the disposition of any securities she
acquired by conquest from the five
neutrals.
American securities were in high
favor in Europe in peacetime, and
the ordinarily widespread ownership
on the continent became even more
extensive as the danger of war ap-
preached There has been a tre-
mendous flight of gold to the United
States during the past year, much
of it representing the purchase of
American securities by Europeans
fearful that war would engulf their
countries.
When the Germans went into Nor
way and Denmark, they undoubtedly
combed the safe deposit boxes and
the private strong boxes of citizens
for whatever negotiable American
securities they could find, for the
Reich is in dire need of foreign ex-
change which could be obtained by
disposing of private holdings of
American securities. But the action
of the Treasury in ordering investi-
cation of the actual ownership of
all securities imported for sale will
deprive Germany to a large extent
of this profit, since any securities
found to have been taken from their
"rightful owners" cannot be sold In
American markets.
The task is by no means easy.
Many foreign owned securities are in
bearer" form, so that actual owner
ship may be extremely difficult to
establish. But the circumstances of
importation and sale will go a long
way to indicate whether securities
are offered by bona fide owners or
by German looters or their agents.
The United States takes this step
in an effort to enforce justice and
not merely to deprive Germany of its
war profits. Nazi Germany invaded
five neutral and wholly unoffending
states for no other purpose than to
Evening star., 1940-06-10
THIS AND THAT
BIZ Charles +. TrdceUell.

mockingbird (catbird to most) sits all
day, like the star In the top Of the big
gest Christmas tree, and initiates all
other birds, carrying the song program
ever and anon by leaping ecstatically into
the air with ballet twist, landing after
each Highland fling at the very tip Of
the topmost twig.
when I open the back door he looks
down and says, Pretty-pretty, pretty
"Of course, birds say words and they
mean something, too.
Sincerely, B. r. H."
Yes, the birds are making music all
the day, now, and it is interesting and
instructive to listen to them as often as
we can.
There are two ways to listen to birds
One is just to hear them, the other is to
realize that you are hearing them.
All things with ears hear them, in the
merry month of June, but not all things
understand that they hear them.
In this regard, many human beings
are exactly in the class with animals,
since they hear the birds but do not
pay any particular attention to them,
that is, they are not interested enough
to regard their songs seriously.
II they are visiting friends in the sub
urbs and their attention is called to the
wood thrush's song, they reply, "Oh, yes,
very pretty, isn't it?" Then 60 on talk
ing about something else
** Xxx
The way to listen to birds, as to all
music. is to listen seriously.
This does not mean that the listener
cannot be doing something else at the
same time. We have almost changed
our opinion about the matter of reading
and listening to music at the same time.
We are on record, we believe, as stat
ing that we did not think 1t could be
done, at least with justice to the music,
but in recent months we have been
trying it out, and find that it has its
good points.
Especially when the execution of the
music is none too good. BY reading, or
even talking, the listener distracts his
critical mind from the music just enough
to be able to overlook the mistakes, the
sour notes, the lack of real understand
ing in the playing.
This is particularly good way for the
player of fretted string instrument to
listen to much music heard nowadays.
Such an instrumentalist, because he
must get his string in tune, knows when
tones are off" or sour. fiat or sharp Just
trif1e when they should not be. His
critical realization often spoils music
for him. whereas if he does not pay quite
so much attention, he may enjoy it.
Fortunately bird music is not critical
high-brow music in any sense.
Whether it strikes the listener as
words and music, or just music, it is
something to love and cherish, provided
one is interested In it enough to really
listen. Birds sometimes sing off-key, but
it makes no difference; their music is
immortal, If any Is